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# 1781 Delaware gubernatorial election
The 1781 Delaware gubernatorial election was held on 6 November 1781 in order to elect the President of Delaware. (The office would be renamed to Governor in 1792.) Candidate and former member of the Continental Congress John Dickinson was unanimously elected by the Delaware General Assembly as he ran unopposed.
## General election
On election day, 6 November 1781, John Dickinson was unanimously elected by the Delaware General Assembly, receiving all but his own vote (which was rejected). Dickinson was sworn in as the 5th President of Delaware on 13 November 1781.
### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| ----------- | ---------------- | -------------- | ----- | ------ |
| | Nonpartisan | John Dickinson | 25 | 96.15 |
| | | Rejected | 1 | 3.85 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 26 | 100.00 |
| | Nonpartisan hold | | | |
|
enwiki/76710733
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enwiki
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1781 Delaware gubernatorial election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1781_Delaware_gubernatorial_election
|
2025-03-15T14:31:23Z
|
en
|
Q125821503
| 114,106 |
{{short description|none}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}
<!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1781 Delaware gubernatorial election
| country = Delaware
| type = Presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1778 Delaware gubernatorial election
| previous_year = 1778
| next_election = 1783 Delaware gubernatorial election
| next_year = 1783
| election_date = 6 November 1781
| image1 = [[File:John Dickinson portrait.jpg|125px]]
| nominee1 = '''[[John Dickinson]]'''
| party1 = Nonpartisan politician
| popular_vote1 = '''25'''
| percentage1 = '''96.15%'''
| map_image =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| title = Governor
| before_election = [[Caesar Rodney]]
| before_party = Nonpartisan politician
| after_election = [[John Dickinson]]
| after_party = Nonpartisan politician
}}
The '''1781 Delaware gubernatorial election''' was held on 6 November 1781 in order to elect the [[List of governors of Delaware|President of Delaware]]. (The office would be renamed to Governor in 1792.) Candidate and former member of the [[Continental Congress]] [[John Dickinson]] was unanimously elected by the [[Delaware General Assembly]] as he ran unopposed.<ref name="nga">{{Cite web |title=John Dickinson |date=15 January 2019 |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/john-dickinson/ |access-date=23 April 2024 |publisher=[[National Governors Association]]}}</ref>
== General election ==
On election day, 6 November 1781, [[John Dickinson]] was unanimously elected by the [[Delaware General Assembly]], receiving all but his own vote (which was rejected). Dickinson was sworn in as the 5th [[List of governors of Delaware|President of Delaware]] on 13 November 1781.<ref name=GBN>{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=473535 |title=President of Delaware |publisher=ourcampaigns.com |date=9 August 2008 |access-date=23 April 2024}}</ref>
=== Results ===
{{Election box begin no change | title=Delaware gubernatorial election, 1781|
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|
|party = Nonpartisan politician
|candidate = [[John Dickinson]]
|votes = 25
|percentage = 96.15
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
|party =
|candidate = Rejected
|votes = 1
|percentage = 3.85
}}
{{Election box total no change|
|votes = 26
|percentage = 100.00
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change|
|winner= Nonpartisan politician
|loser =
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Delaware elections}}
[[Category:Delaware gubernatorial elections]]
[[Category:1781 in Delaware]]
[[Category:1780s Delaware elections]]
[[Category:1781 elections in the United States]]
[[Category:Non-partisan elections]]
[[Category:Single-candidate elections]]
[[Category:United States gubernatorial elections in the 1780s]]
[[Category:Indirect elections]]
| 1,280,610,124 |
[{"title": "1781 Delaware gubernatorial election", "data": {"\u2190 1778": "6 November 1781 \u00b7 1783 \u2192", "Nominee": "John Dickinson", "Party": "Nonpartisan", "Popular vote": "25", "Percentage": "96.15%", "Governor before election \u00b7 Caesar Rodney \u00b7 Nonpartisan": "Elected Governor \u00b7 John Dickinson \u00b7 Nonpartisan"}}]
| false |
# 1778 in science
The year 1778 in science and technology involved some significant events.
## Astronomy
- Lagrange delivers his treatise on cometary perturbations to the Académie française.
## Chemistry
- Molybdenum discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
- Antoine Lavoisier, considered "The father of modern chemistry",[1] recognizes and names oxygen, and recognizes its importance and role in combustion.[2]
## Earth sciences and exploration
- January 18 – On his third voyage, Captain James Cook, with ships HMS Resolution and HMS Discovery, becomes the first European to view the Hawaiian Islands in the Pacific Ocean.[3]
- March 6 – October 24 – Captain Cook explores and maps the Pacific Northwest coast of North America from Cape Foulweather (Oregon) to the Bering Strait.
- James Rennell publishes a chart and memoir of the Agulhas Current, one of the first contributions to scientific oceanography.[4]
## Medicine
- John Hunter publishes The Natural History of the Human Teeth.
- Samuel-Auguste Tissot begins publication of Traité des nerfs et de leurs maladies, including a classical account of migraine.[5][6]
- Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring describes the organization of the cranial nerves.
- Publication of Collection of observations on diseases and epidemic constitutions (Collection d’observations sur les maladies et constitutions épidémiques), by Louis Lépecq de La Clôture, work consisting mainly of a 15-year observation of the relations between climate, geography and pathologies in Normandy.[7][8]
## Technology
- Joseph Bramah patents an improved design of flush toilet in London.[9]
- The brothers Hans Ulrich and Johannes Grubenmann complete a bridge across the Limmat at Wettingen in Switzerland, a 60 m span which is the first known use of a true arch in a timber bridge.[10]
## Zoology
- Petrus Camper publishes On the Points of Similarity between the Human Species, Quadrupeds, Birds, and Fish; with Rules for Drawing, founded on this Similarity, an early work of comparative anatomy.
- Johan Christian Fabricius publishes his Philosophia Entomologica in Hamburg.[11]
## Awards
- Copley Medal: Charles Hutton[12]
## Births
- February 4 – A. P. de Candolle, Swiss botanist (died 1841)
- May 18 – Andrew Ure, Scottish industrial chemist and encyclopaedist (died 1857)
- December 6 – Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, French chemist and physicist (died 1850)
- December 17 – Humphry Davy, English chemist (died 1829)
- December 25 (bapt.) – Joseph Aspdin, English inventor (died 1855)
- Maria Dalle Donne, Bolognese physician (died 1842)
- Anna Maria Walker, Scottish botanist (died 1852)
## Deaths
- January 10 – Carl Linnaeus, Swedish botanist, first to develop standard nomenclature for naming species (born 1707)
- February 20 – Laura Bassi, Italian scientist (born 1711)
- March 7 – Charles De Geer, Swedish industrialist and entomologist (born 1720)
- May 6 – Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusée Aublet, French pharmacist and botanist (born 1720)
|
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1778_in_science
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2024-06-16T16:49:26Z
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en
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Q338270
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1778|science}}
{{Science year nav|1778}}
The year '''1778 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events.
==Astronomy==
* [[Joseph Louis Lagrange|Lagrange]] delivers his treatise on [[comet]]ary [[Perturbation (astronomy)|perturbations]] to the [[Académie française]].
==Chemistry==
* [[Molybdenum]] discovered by [[Carl Wilhelm Scheele]].
* [[Antoine Lavoisier]], considered "The father of modern chemistry",<ref>"Lavoisier, Antoine." ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 24 July 2007 [http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9369846].</ref> recognizes and names oxygen, and recognizes its importance and role in combustion.<ref name=lavoisier>{{cite web |last=Weisstein |first=Eric W. |title=Lavoisier, Antoine (1743–1794) |work=Eric Weisstein's World of Scientific Biography |publisher=Wolfram Research Products |year=1996 |url =http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Lavoisier.html |accessdate=2007-02-23}}</ref>
==Earth sciences and exploration==
* January 18 – On his [[Third voyage of James Cook|third voyage]], [[Captain (nautical)|Captain]] [[James Cook]], with ships [[HMS Resolution (1771)|HMS ''Resolution'']] and [[HMS Discovery (1774)|HMS ''Discovery'']], becomes the first European to view the [[Hawaiian Islands]] in the [[Pacific Ocean]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Collingridge|first=Vanessa|authorlink=Vanessa Collingridge|title=Captain Cook: The Life, Death and Legacy of History's Greatest Explorer|location=London|year=2003|publisher=Ebury Press|isbn=0-09-188898-0}}</ref>
* March 6 – October 24 – Captain Cook explores and maps the [[Pacific Northwest]] coast of [[North America]] from [[Cape Foulweather]] ([[Oregon]]) to the [[Bering Strait]].
* [[James Rennell]] publishes a chart and memoir of the [[Agulhas Current]], one of the first contributions to scientific [[oceanography]].<ref>{{cite ODNB|first=Andrew S.|last=Cook|title=Rennell, James (1742–1830)|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/23369|accessdate=2011-04-05|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/23369}}</ref>
==Medicine==
* [[John Hunter (surgeon)|John Hunter]] publishes ''The Natural History of the Human Teeth''.
* [[Samuel-Auguste Tissot]] begins publication of ''Traité des nerfs et de leurs maladies'', including a classical account of [[migraine]].<ref>{{cite journal|first=K.|last=Karbowski|date=April 1986|title=Samuel Auguste Tissot: his research on migraine|journal=[[Journal of Neurology]]|volume=233|issue=2|issn=0340-5354|pages=123–125|doi=10.1007/BF00313859|pmid=3517238|s2cid=24691943}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Pearce|first=J.M.S.|date=September 2000|title=Samuel-Auguste Tissot (1728-1797) and migraine|journal=[[Cephalalgia (journal)|Cephalalgia]]|volume=20|issue=7|pages=668–70|location=Norway|issn=0333-1024|pmid=11128826|doi=10.1111/j.1468-2982.2000.00100.x|s2cid=36466035}}</ref>
* [[Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring]] describes the organization of the [[cranial nerves]].
* Publication of ''Collection of observations on diseases and epidemic constitutions'' (''Collection d’observations sur les maladies et constitutions épidémiques''), by [[Louis Lépecq de La Clôture]], work consisting mainly of a 15-year observation of the relations between climate, geography and pathologies in [[Normandy]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lépecq de La Cloture |first1=Louis |title=Collection d'observations sur les maladies et constitutions épidémiques: ouvrage qui expose une suite de quinze années d'observations, & dans lequel les épidémies, les constitutions régnantes & intercurrentes, sont liées (partie I) |date=1778 |publisher=Imprimerie privilégiée |location=Rouen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYqzJ4ToRt0C |access-date=28 February 2021 |language=fr}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Lépecq de La Cloture |first1=Louis |title=Collection d'observations sur les maladies et constitutions épidémiques: ouvrage qui expose une suite de quinze années d'observations, & dans lequel les épidémies, les constitutions régnantes & intercurrentes, sont liées (partie II,III et IV) |date=1778 |publisher=Imprimerie privilégiée |location=Rouen |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WyHbxb6AI_4C|access-date=28 February 2021 |language=fr}}</ref>
==Technology==
* [[Joseph Bramah]] [[patent]]s an improved design of [[flush toilet]] in [[London]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/331 331–332]}}</ref>
* The brothers [[Grubenmann|Hans Ulrich]] and [[Johannes Grubenmann]] complete a bridge across the [[Limmat]] at [[Wettingen]] in [[Switzerland]], a 60 m span which is the first known use of a [[true arch]] in a [[timber]] bridge.<ref>{{cite book|first=Leonardo Fernández|last=Troyano|title=Bridge Engineering: a Global Perspective|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0u5G8E3uPUAC&q=Wettingen+bridge+1778&pg=PA159|publisher=Thomas Telford Publishing|location=London|year=2003|isbn=0-7277-3215-3|pages=158–9|accessdate=2011-08-16}}</ref>
==Zoology==
* [[Petrus Camper]] publishes ''On the Points of Similarity between the Human Species, Quadrupeds, Birds, and Fish; with Rules for Drawing, founded on this Similarity'', an early work of [[comparative anatomy]].
* [[Johan Christian Fabricius]] publishes his ''Philosophia Entomologica'' in [[Hamburg]].<ref>{{cite journal|page=5|year=1967|last=Tuxen|first=S. L.|title=The entomologist J. C. Fabricius|journal=[[Annual Review of Entomology]]|volume=12|doi=10.1146/annurev.en.12.010167.000245|quote=one of the most important books in entomology of all times}}</ref>
==Awards==
* [[Copley Medal]]: [[Charles Hutton]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Copley Medal {{!}} British scientific award |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=21 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
==Births==
* February 4 – [[A. P. de Candolle]], [[Swiss people|Swiss]] [[botanist]] (died [[1841 in science|1841]])
* May 18 – [[Andrew Ure]], [[Scottish people|Scottish]] [[Industrial chemistry|industrial chemist]] and [[encyclopaedist]] (died [[1857 in science|1857]])
* December 6 – [[Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac]], [[French people|French]] [[chemist]] and [[physicist]] (died [[1850 in science|1850]])
* December 17 – [[Humphry Davy]], [[English people|English]] chemist (died [[1829 in science|1829]])
* December 25 ''(bapt.)'' – [[Joseph Aspdin]], English inventor (died [[1855 in science|1855]])
* [[Maria Dalle Donne]], [[Bologna|Bolognese]] [[physician]] (died [[1842 in science|1842]])
* [[Anna Maria Walker]], Scottish botanist (died [[1852 in science|1852]])
==Deaths==
* January 10 – [[Carl Linnaeus]], [[Swedes|Swedish]] [[botanist]], first to develop standard nomenclature for naming species (born [[1707 in science|1707]])
* February 20 – [[Laura Bassi]], [[Italy|Italian]] [[scientist]] (born [[1711 in science|1711]])
* March 7 – [[Charles De Geer]], Swedish industrialist and [[entomologist]] (born [[1720 in science|1720]])
* May 6 – [[Jean Baptiste Christophore Fusée Aublet]], [[France|French]] [[pharmacist]] and [[botanist]] (born 1720)
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:1778 in science| ]]
[[Category:18th century in science]]
[[Category:1770s in science]]
| 1,229,406,150 |
[]
| false |
# (+)-Menthofuran synthase
(+)-Menthofuran synthase (EC 1.14.13.104, menthofuran synthase, (+)-pulegone 9-hydroxylase, (+)-MFS, cytochrome P450 menthofuran synthase) is an enzyme with systematic name (+)-pulegone,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (9-hydroxylating). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
(+)-pulegone + NADPH + H+ + O2 {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } (+)-menthofuran + NADP+ + H2O
Menthofuran synthase is a heme-thiolate protein (P-450).
|
enwiki/38378280
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enwiki
| 38,378,280 |
(+)-Menthofuran synthase
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/(%2B)-Menthofuran_synthase
|
2024-03-03T04:32:35Z
|
en
|
Q3987953
| 53,791 |
{{Short description|Class of enzymes}}
{{Infobox enzyme
| Name = (+)-Menthofuran synthase
| EC_number = 1.14.13.104
| CAS_number =
| GO_code =
| image = (+)-menthofuran_synthase_reaction.PNG
| alt = Menthofuran synthase reaction
| width =
| caption =
}}
'''(+)-Menthofuran synthase''' ({{EC number|1.14.13.104}}, ''menthofuran synthase'', ''(+)-pulegone 9-hydroxylase'', ''(+)-MFS'', ''cytochrome P450 menthofuran synthase'') is an [[enzyme]] with [[List of enzymes|systematic name]] ''(+)-pulegone,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (9-hydroxylating)''.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bertea CM, Schalk M, Karp F, Maffei M, Croteau R | title = Demonstration that menthofuran synthase of mint (Mentha) is a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase: cloning, functional expression, and characterization of the responsible gene | journal = Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics | volume = 390 | issue = 2 | pages = 279–86 | date = June 2001 | pmid = 11396930 | doi = 10.1006/abbi.2001.2378 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Mahmoud SS, Croteau RB | title = Menthofuran regulates essential oil biosynthesis in peppermint by controlling a downstream monoterpene reductase | journal = Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | volume = 100 | issue = 24 | pages = 14481–6 | date = November 2003 | pmid = 14623962 | pmc = 283617 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.2436325100 | bibcode = 2003PNAS..10014481M | doi-access = free }}</ref> This enzyme [[catalysis|catalyses]] the following [[chemical reaction]]
: (+)-[[pulegone]] + NADPH + H<sup>+</sup> + O<sub>2</sub> <math>\rightleftharpoons</math> (+)-[[menthofuran]] + NADP+ + H<sub>2</sub>O
Menthofuran synthase is a [[heme]]-[[thiol]]ate protein (P-450).
== References ==
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
* {{MeshName|(+)-menthofuran+synthase}}
{{Dioxygenases}}
{{Enzymes}}
{{Portal bar|Biology|border=no}}
[[Category:EC 1.14.13]]
| 1,211,554,573 |
[{"title": "Identifiers", "data": {"EC no.": "1.14.13.104"}}, {"title": "Databases", "data": {"IntEnz": "IntEnz view", "BRENDA": "BRENDA entry", "ExPASy": "NiceZyme view", "KEGG": "KEGG entry", "MetaCyc": "metabolic pathway", "PRIAM": "profile", "PDB structures": "RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum", "PMC": "articles", "PubMed": "articles", "NCBI": "proteins"}}]
| true |
# 1837 Boston mayoral election
The 1837 Boston mayoral election saw the reelection of Whig Party incumbent Samuel Atkins Eliot. It was held on December 11, 1837.
## Candidates
Eliot sought reelection. Amasa Walker was the Democratic Party/locofoco nominee. Also running was former mayor Theodore Lyman II.
## Results
As part of the scattering, Lyman received more than 300 votes, by one account around 1,200 or more.
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| ----------- | ----------- | ------------------------------- | ----- | ----- |
| | | Samuel Atkins Eliot (incumbent) | 3,475 | 55.57 |
| | Democratic | Amasa Walker | 1,127 | 18.02 |
| | Scattering | Other (including Lyman) | 1,651 | 26.40 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 6,253 | 100 |
|
enwiki/73585773
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enwiki
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1837 Boston mayoral election
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_Boston_mayoral_election
|
2025-01-23T03:47:05Z
|
en
|
Q118897523
| 174,254 |
{{short description|none}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
<!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1837 Boston mayoral election
| country =
| type = Presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1836 Boston mayoral election
| previous_year = 1836
| election_date = December 11, 1837
| next_election = 1838 Boston mayoral election
| next_year = 1838
| image1 = Samuel A. Eliot 5210004 015 007 (3x4a).jpg
| candidate1 = '''[[Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)|Samuel Atkins Eliot]]'''
| colour1 = C0C0C0
| party1 =
| popular_vote1 = '''3,475'''
| percentage1 = '''55.57%'''
| image2 = Amasa Walker as a young man (2).jpg
| candidate2 = [[Amasa Walker]]
| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)
| popular_vote2 = 1,127
| percentage2 = 18.02%
| image3 = Theodore Lyman, Jr. 5210004 015 005 (3x4a).jpg
| colour3 = c0c0c0
| candidate3 = [[Theodore Lyman II]]
| party3 =
| popular_vote3 = undisclosed large number of votes
| percentage3 =
| title = Mayor
| before_election = [[Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)|Samuel Atkins Eliot]]
| before_party = Whig Party (United States)
| after_election = [[Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)|Samuel Atkins Eliot]]
| after_party = Whig Party (United States)
}}
{{ElectionsMA|Boston}}
The '''1837 [[Boston]] mayoral election''' saw the reelection of [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig Party]] incumbent [[Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)|Samuel Atkins Eliot]]. It was held on December 11, 1837.<ref name="CityBost1"/>
==Candidates==
Eliot sought reelection. [[Amasa Walker]] was the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]/[[locofoco]] nominee. Also running was former mayor [[Theodore Lyman II]].<ref name="FallRiver">{{cite web |title=Boston Election |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/589882839 |url-access=subscription |via=Newspapers.com |publisher=Fall River Monitor |access-date=18 April 2023 |language=en |date=December 16, 1837}}</ref>
==Results==
As part of the scattering, Lyman received more than 300 votes, by one account around 1,200 or more.<ref name="FallRiver"/><ref>{{cite web |title=Boston City Elections |url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/589882846 |url-access=subscription |via=Newspapers.com |publisher=Fall River Monitor |agency=Boston Patriot |access-date=18 April 2023 |language=en |date=December 16, 1837}}</ref>
{{Election box begin no change| title= 1837 Boston mayoral election<ref name="CityBost1">{{cite book |title=A Catalogue of the City Councils of Boston, 1822-1908, Roxbury, 1846-1867, Charlestown, 1847-1873 and of the Selectmen of Boston, 1634-1822: Also of Various Other Town and Municipal Officers |date=1909 |publisher=City of Boston Printing Department |page=50 |url=https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=n_BMAAAAMAAJ&pg=GBS.PA50 |access-date=7 April 2023 |language=en}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
|party =
|candidate = [[Samuel Atkins Eliot (politician)|Samuel Atkins Eliot]] (incumbent)
|votes = 3,475
|percentage = 55.57
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = [[Amasa Walker]]
|votes = 1,127
|percentage = 18.02
}}
{{Election box candidate no change
|party = Scattering
|candidate = ''Other (including Lyman)''
|votes = 1,651
|percentage = 26.40
}}
{{Election box total no change
|votes =6,253
|percentage = 100
}}
{{Election box end}}
==See also==
*[[Mayor of Boston#List|List of mayors of Boston, Massachusetts]]
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
[[Category:Mayoral elections in Boston|1837]]
[[Category:1837 United States mayoral elections|Boston]]
[[Category:1837 Massachusetts elections|Boston mayoral]]
[[Category:19th century in Boston]]
[[Category:December 1837|Boston mayoral election]]
| 1,271,235,687 |
[{"title": "1837 Boston mayoral election", "data": {"\u2190 1836": "December 11, 1837 \u00b7 1838 \u2192", "Candidate": "Samuel Atkins Eliot \u00b7 Amasa Walker \u00b7 Theodore Lyman II", "Party": "Democratic", "Popular vote": "3,475 \u00b7 1,127 \u00b7 undisclosed large number of votes", "Percentage": "55.57% \u00b7 18.02%", "Mayor before election \u00b7 Samuel Atkins Eliot \u00b7 Whig": "Elected mayor \u00b7 Samuel Atkins Eliot \u00b7 Whig"}}]
| false |
# 1-2-3-4... Fire!
1-2-3-4... Fire! is a song by Penny McLean released as third single from her album Lady Bump in 1976. The single was successful and managed to appear in 6 charts worldwide in the year of its release.
## Charts
### Weekly charts
| Chart (1976) | Peak position |
| ------------------------------ | ------------- |
| Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40) | 11 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders) | 11 |
| Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia) | 6 |
| Netherlands (Dutch Top 40) | 16 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 20 |
| Spain (Spain Top 40 Radio) | 32 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 6 |
| West Germany (GfK) | 3 |
### Year-end charts
| Chart (1976) | Position |
| ------------------------------------- | -------- |
| Belgium (Ultratop Flanders) | 76 |
| West Germany (Official German Charts) | 24 |
|
enwiki/50811543
|
enwiki
| 50,811,543 |
1-2-3-4... Fire!
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1-2-3-4..._Fire!
|
2021-11-15T22:13:14Z
|
en
|
Q24886725
| 45,852 |
{{Infobox song
| name = 1-2-3-4... Fire!
| cover = 1234 Fire single cover.jpg
| alt =
| type = single
| artist = [[Penny McLean]]
| album = [[Lady Bump (album)|Lady Bump]]
| B-side = The Wizard Bump
| released = [[1976 in music|1976]]
| format =
| recorded =
| studio =
| venue =
| genre = [[Disco]]
| length = {{Duration|m=3|s=35}}
| label = [[Jupiter Records]]
| writer = Stephan Prager; [[Sylvester Levay]]
| producer = [[Michael Kunze]]
| prev_title = [[Smoke Gets in Your Eyes]]
| prev_year = 1976
| next_title = [[Devil Eyes (song)|Devil Eyes]]
| next_year = 1976
}}
'''1-2-3-4... Fire!''' is a song by [[Penny McLean]] released as third single from her album ''[[Lady Bump (album)|Lady Bump]]'' in 1976. The single was successful and managed to appear in 6 charts worldwide in the year of its release.
==Charts==
===Weekly charts===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Chart (1976)
!Peak<br>position
|-
{{singlechart|Austria|11|artist=Penny Mclean|song=1-2-3-4... Fire!|accessdate=14 June 2016}}
|-
{{singlechart|Flanders|11|artist=Penny Mclean|song=1-2-3-4... Fire!|accessdate=14 June 2016}}
|-
{{singlechart|Wallonia|6|artist=Penny Mclean|song=1-2-3-4... Fire!|accessdate=17 August 2021}}
|-
{{singlechart|Dutch40|16|year=1976|week=14|accessdate=17 August 2021}}
|-
{{singlechart|Dutch100|20|artist=Penny Mclean|song=1-2-3-4... Fire!|accessdate=14 June 2016}}
|-
|Spain ([[Los 40|Spain Top 40 Radio]])<ref>{{cite book|author=Fernando Salaverri|title=Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002|edition=1st|date=September 2005|publisher=Fundación Autor-SGAE|location=Spain|isbn=84-8048-639-2}}<!--|accessdate=13 August 2009--></ref>
|align="center"|32
|-
{{singlechart|Sweden|6|artist=Penny Mclean|song=1-2-3-4... Fire!|accessdate=14 June 2016}}
|-
{{singlechart|West Germany|3|artist=Penny Mclean|song=1-2-3-4... Fire!|songid=11394|year=1976|accessdate=14 June 2016}}
|}
===Year-end charts===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Chart (1976)
!Position
|-
|Belgium (Ultratop Flanders)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ultratop.be/nl/annual.asp?year=1976|title=Jaaroverzichten 1976|publisher=Ultratop|accessdate=17 August 2021}}</ref>
|align="center"|76
|-
|West Germany (Official German Charts)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.offiziellecharts.de/charts/single-jahr/for-date-1976|title=Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts|language=German|work=[[GfK Entertainment]]|publisher=offiziellecharts.de|accessdate=17 August 2021}}</ref>
|align="center"|24
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Penny McLean}}
{{authority control}}
[[Category:1976 singles]]
[[Category:Penny McLean songs]]
[[Category:Disco songs]]
[[Category:1976 songs]]
[[Category:Songs with lyrics by Michael Kunze]]
[[Category:Songs with music by Sylvester Levay]]
| 1,055,441,837 |
[{"title": "from the album Lady Bump", "data": {"B-side": "\"The Wizard Bump\"", "Released": "1976", "Genre": "Disco", "Length": "3:35", "Label": "Jupiter Records", "Songwriter(s)": "Stephan Prager; Sylvester Levay", "Producer(s)": "Michael Kunze"}}, {"title": "Penny McLean singles chronology", "data": {"\"Smoke Gets in Your Eyes\" \u00b7 (1976)": "\"1-2-3-4... Fire!\" \u00b7 (1976) \u00b7 \"Devil Eyes\" \u00b7 (1976)"}}, {"title": "Penny McLean", "data": {"Studio albums": "Lady Bump Penny Midnight Explosion", "Singles": "\" Lady Bump \" \" Smoke Gets in Your Eyes \" \" 1-2-3-4... Fire! \" \" Devil Eyes \" \" Nobody's Child \" \" Dance, Bunny Honey, Dance \" \" Words \"", "Related": "Silver Convention"}}]
| false |
# 1773 in Norway
Events in the year 1773 in Norway.
## Incumbents
- Monarch: Christian VII.[1]
## Events
- 2 November - The Sunnmøre Practical Agricultural Society was founded.
- The Norwegian Mapping Authority, Norway's national mapping agency, was founded.
## Births
- 21 March - Nicolay Peter Drejer, military officer (died 1808)
- 2 May - Henrik Steffens, philosopher, scientist, and poet (died 1845)
- 27 July - Jacob Aall, historian and statesman (died 1844)
- 19 August - Johan Peter Strömberg, actor, dancer and theatre director, founder of the first public theatre of Norway (dead 1834).
- 4 October - Gabriel Lund, merchant and representative at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly (died 1832)
### Full date unknown
- Johan Ernst Mejdell, jurist and politician
## Deaths
- 23 September - Johan Ernst Gunnerus, bishop and botanist (born 1718)
### Full date unknown
- Jakob Klukstad, woodcarver (born 1705).[2]
|
enwiki/22089499
|
enwiki
| 22,089,499 |
1773 in Norway
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1773_in_Norway
|
2024-12-09T05:47:20Z
|
en
|
Q4553118
| 78,038 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
{{Use dmy dates |date=December 2023}}
{{Year in Norway|1773}}
Events in the year '''1773 in [[Norway]]'''.
==Incumbents==
*[[List of Norwegian monarchs|Monarch]]: [[Christian VII]].<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Christian 7. |first=Terje |last=Bratberg |encyclopedia=[[Store norske leksikon]] |editor-last=Bolstad | editor-first=Erik |publisher=Norsk nettleksikon |location=Oslo |url=https://snl.no/Christian_7. |language=no |access-date=13 December 2023}}</ref>
==Events==
* 2 November - The [[Sunnmøre Practical Agricultural Society]] was founded.
* The [[Norwegian Mapping Authority]], [[Norway]]'s [[national mapping agency]], was founded.
==Arts and literature==
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Births==
*21 March - [[Nicolay Peter Drejer]], military officer (died [[1808 in Norway|1808]])
*2 May - [[Henrik Steffens]], philosopher, scientist, and poet (died [[1845 in Norway|1845]])
*27 July - [[Jacob Aall]], historian and statesman (died [[1844 in Norway|1844]])
*19 August - [[Johan Peter Strömberg]], actor, dancer and theatre director, founder of the first public theatre of Norway (dead 1834).
*4 October - [[Gabriel Lund]], merchant and representative at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly (died [[1832 in Norway|1832]])
===Full date unknown===
*[[Johan Ernst Mejdell]], jurist and politician
==Deaths==
*23 September - [[Johan Ernst Gunnerus]], bishop and botanist (born [[1718 in Norway|1718]])
===Full date unknown===
*[[Jakob Klukstad]], woodcarver (born [[1705 in Norway|1705]]).<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|title=Jakob Klukstad |encyclopedia=[[Norsk biografisk leksikon]]|first=Kåre |last=Hosar |editor=[[Knut Helle|Helle, Knut]]|publisher=Kunnskapsforlaget |location=Oslo |url= https://nbl.snl.no/Jakob_Klukstad |language=no |access-date=16 July 2018}}</ref>
==See also==
{{Portal bar|Norway|History|Lists}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Years in Norway during the union with Denmark nav}}
{{Year in Europe|1773}}
[[Category:1773 in Norway| ]]
| 1,262,024,116 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1772 - 1771 - 1770": "1773 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Norway \u00b7 \u2192 - 1774 - 1775 - 1776", "Centuries": "16th 17th 18th 19th 20th", "Decades": "1750s 1760s 1770s 1780s 1790s", "See also": "1773 in Denmark \u00b7 List of years in Norway"}}]
| false |
# 1779 Maryland gubernatorial election
The 1779 Maryland gubernatorial election was held on 8 November 1779 in order to elect the Governor of Maryland. Candidate Thomas Sim Lee was elected by the Maryland General Assembly against his opponent Edward Lloyd.
## General election
On election day, 8 November 1779, Thomas Sim Lee was elected by the Maryland General Assembly. Lee was sworn in as the 2nd Governor of Maryland on 12 November 1779.
### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| ----------- | ---------------- | -------------- | ----- | ------ |
| | Nonpartisan | Thomas Sim Lee | 39 | 68.42 |
| | Nonpartisan | Edward Lloyd | 18 | 31.58 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 57 | 100.00 |
| | Nonpartisan hold | | | |
|
enwiki/76721375
|
enwiki
| 76,721,375 |
1779 Maryland gubernatorial election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1779_Maryland_gubernatorial_election
|
2025-01-22T23:55:31Z
|
en
|
Q125843813
| 231,438 |
{{short description|none}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
<!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1779 Maryland gubernatorial election
| country = Maryland
| type = Presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1778 Maryland gubernatorial election
| previous_year = 1778
| next_election = 1780 Maryland gubernatorial election
| next_year = 1780
| election_date = 8 November 1779
| image1 = [[File:No image.svg|125px]]
| nominee1 = '''[[Thomas Sim Lee]]'''
| party1 = Nonpartisan politician
| popular_vote1 = '''39'''
| percentage1 = '''68.42%'''
| image2 = [[File:Edward Lloyd, member of the Continental Congress (NYPL b12349185-420079) (cropped).jpg|125px]]
| nominee2 = [[Edward Lloyd (Continental Congress)|Edward Lloyd]]
| party2 = Nonpartisan politician
| popular_vote2 = 18
| percentage2 = 31.58%
| map_image =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| title = Governor
| before_election = [[Thomas Johnson (judge)|Thomas Johnson]]
| before_party = Nonpartisan politician
| after_election = [[Thomas Sim Lee]]
| after_party = Nonpartisan politician
}}
{{ElectionsMD}}
The '''1779 Maryland gubernatorial election''' was held on 8 November 1779 in order to elect the [[List of governors of Maryland|Governor of Maryland]]. Candidate [[Thomas Sim Lee]] was elected by the [[Maryland General Assembly]] against his opponent [[Edward Lloyd (Continental Congress)|Edward Lloyd]].<ref name="nga">{{Cite web |title=Thomas Sim Lee |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/thomas-sim-lee/ |access-date=24 April 2024 |publisher=[[National Governors Association]]}}</ref>
== General election ==
On election day, 8 November 1779, [[Thomas Sim Lee]] was elected by the [[Maryland General Assembly]]. Lee was sworn in as the 2nd [[List of governors of Maryland|Governor of Maryland]] on 12 November 1779.<ref name=GBN>{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=130146 |title=MD Governor |publisher=ourcampaigns.com |date=29 September 2004 |access-date=24 April 2024}}</ref>
=== Results ===
{{Election box begin no change | title=Maryland gubernatorial election, 1779|
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|
|party = Nonpartisan politician
|candidate = [[Thomas Sim Lee]]
|votes = 39
|percentage = 68.42
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
|party = Nonpartisan politician
|candidate = [[Edward Lloyd (Continental Congress)|Edward Lloyd]]
|votes = 18
|percentage = 31.58
}}
{{Election box total no change|
|votes = 57
|percentage = 100.00
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change|
|winner= Nonpartisan politician
|loser =
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Maryland elections}}
[[Category:1779 in Maryland]]
[[Category:Maryland gubernatorial elections]]
[[Category:1779 elections in North America]]
[[Category:United States gubernatorial elections in the 1770s]]
[[Category:Non-partisan elections]]
[[Category:Indirect elections]]
| 1,271,196,629 |
[{"title": "1779 Maryland gubernatorial election", "data": {"\u2190 1778": "8 November 1779 \u00b7 1780 \u2192", "Nominee": "Thomas Sim Lee \u00b7 Edward Lloyd", "Party": "Nonpartisan \u00b7 Nonpartisan", "Popular vote": "39 \u00b7 18", "Percentage": "68.42% \u00b7 31.58%", "Governor before election \u00b7 Thomas Johnson \u00b7 Nonpartisan": "Elected Governor \u00b7 Thomas Sim Lee \u00b7 Nonpartisan"}}]
| false |
# 1847 in philosophy
1847 in philosophy
## Publications
- Søren Kierkegaard, Works of Love (1847) and Edifying Discourses in Diverse Spirits (1847)
## Births
- August 20 - Bolesław Prus (died 1912)[1]
- November 2 - Georges Sorel (died 1922)[2]
|
enwiki/38564068
|
enwiki
| 38,564,068 |
1847 in philosophy
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1847_in_philosophy
|
2024-06-16T17:22:04Z
|
en
|
Q13450333
| 31,455 |
{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1847|philosophy}}
{{more references|date=February 2024}}
'''1847 in philosophy'''
==Events==
{{Empty section|date=February 2013}}
==Publications==
* [[Søren Kierkegaard]], ''[[Works of Love]]'' (1847) and ''[[Edifying Discourses in Diverse Spirits]]'' (1847)
==Births==
* August 20 - [[Bolesław Prus]] (died 1912)<ref>Krystyna Tokarzówna, Stanisław Fita, ''Bolesław Prus, 1847–1912: Kalendarz życia i twórczości'' (Bolesław Prus, 1847–1912: a Calendar of His Life and Work), ed. Zygmunt Szweykowski, Warsaw, Państwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1969, p. 12.</ref>
* November 2 - [[Georges Sorel]] (died 1922)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Georges Sorel {{!}} Biography & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Georges-Sorel |access-date=2024-03-31 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref>
==Deaths==
{{Empty section|date=February 2013}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:1847|Philosophy]]
[[Category:19th century in philosophy]]
[[Category:Philosophy by year]]
| 1,229,411,321 |
[]
| false |
# 1. FC Kaan-Marienborn
1. FC Kaan-Marienborn is a German association football club based in Siegen, that competes in Regionalliga West.
## History
The club was founded on 1 July 2007, taking over the football department of TuS 1886 Kaan-Marienborn, which had existed since 1886. Funded by Christoph Thoma, the former managing partner of Maschinenfabrik Herkules in Kaan-Marienborn, the club was promoted to the Landesliga as early as 2008 and was further promoted to the Westfalenliga two years later. There, the team already reached 3rd place in its first season. In 2016, the team was finally promoted to the Oberliga Westfalen as the runner-up of the Westfalenliga Division 2 and winner of the play-off match against the runner-up of the other division, Delbrücker SC. Two years later, they were promoted to the Regionalliga West. After the 2018–19 season, the team was relegated directly after finishing in second to last place.
In the 2019–20 season, the team again competed in the Oberliga Westfalen with Tobias Wurm, who had previously held the position of assistant coach, moving up to head coach and finishing 9th in the table after 21 matchdays. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, the season was cut short. The question of promotion was decided on a points per game basis. Here, 1. FC Kaan-Marienborn averaged 1.43 points.
The 2020–21 season also ultimately fell victim to the COVID-19 pandemic. At the end of the season, the team was in 6th place in the table (7 matches, 5 wins, 1 draw, 1 loss).
Since the beginning of October 2021, Thorsten Nehrbauer (the coach with whom the team achieved promotion to the Oberliga and Regionalliga) has been back in Kaan and so the club is looking to achieve promotion to the Regionalliga once again. They achieved this goal at the end of the season, gaining promotion to the 2022–23 Regionalliga West.
1. FC Kaan-Marienborn withdrew their senior team after the 2022–23 season due to not being able to fulfill future stadium requirements. Their reserve team, currently playing in the eleventh-tier Kreisliga C, will function as their new senior team from the 2023–24 season onwards.
## Season overview
| Season | League | Pos. | W | D | L | Goals | Pts. | Notes |
| ------- | ------------------ | ---- | -- | -- | -- | ----- | ---- | -------------------------------- |
| 2007–08 | Bezirksliga | 1st | 27 | 3 | 0 | 87–16 | 84 | Promoted |
| 2008–09 | Landesliga | 4th | 15 | 7 | 8 | 57–33 | 52 | |
| 2009–10 | Landesliga | 1st | 19 | 10 | 1 | 65–17 | 67 | Promoted |
| 2010–11 | Westfalenliga | 3rd | 16 | 10 | 8 | 63–41 | 58 | |
| 2011–12 | Westfalenliga | 12th | 10 | 11 | 11 | 42–43 | 41 | |
| 2012–13 | Westfalenliga | 8th | 12 | 7 | 11 | 43–44 | 43 | |
| 2013–14 | Westfalenliga | 2nd | 18 | 5 | 7 | 60–38 | 59 | |
| 2014–15 | Westfalenliga | 6th | 12 | 13 | 5 | 57–38 | 49 | |
| 2015–16 | Westfalenliga | 2nd | 17 | 8 | 5 | 46–19 | 59 | Promoted |
| 2016–17 | Oberliga Westfalen | 7th | 12 | 12 | 10 | 38–40 | 48 | |
| 2017–18 | Oberliga Westfalen | 2nd | 18 | 6 | 6 | 47–29 | 60 | Promoted |
| 2018–19 | Regionalliga West | 15th | 9 | 12 | 13 | 50–54 | 39 | Relegated |
| 2019–20 | Oberliga Westfalen | 9th | 9 | 4 | 9 | 40–30 | 36 | Season abandoned due to COVID-19 |
| 2020–21 | Oberliga Westfalen | 6th | 5 | 1 | 1 | 27–7 | 16 | Season abandoned due to COVID-19 |
## Managers
| Time in office | Manager |
| --------------------------------- | ------------------ |
| 1 July 2008 – 31 December 2009 | Gerhard Noll |
| 10 January 2010 – 30 June 2010 | Jörg Rokitte |
| 1 July 2010 – 30 June 2011 | Dietmar Schacht |
| 1 July 2011 – 29 November 2011 | Jörg Rokitte |
| 30 November 2011 – 8 January 2012 | Sveto Poletan |
| 9 January 2012 – 27 January 2014 | Peter Wongrowitz |
| 30 January 2014 – 30 June 2019 | Thorsten Nehrbauer |
| 1 July 2019 – 30 September 2021 | Tobias Wurm |
| 1 October 2021 – present | Thorsten Nehrbauer |
## Notable players
Current
- Lars Bender
- Markus Pazurek
Former
- Mehmet Kurt
- René Lewejohann
- Toni Gänge
- Michael Kügler
- Elsamed Ramaj
## Honours
- Oberliga Westfalen
- Champions: 2022
|
enwiki/70945106
|
enwiki
| 70,945,106 |
1. FC Kaan-Marienborn
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1._FC_Kaan-Marienborn
|
2024-06-25T15:54:36Z
|
en
|
Q24286823
| 48,495 |
{{Infobox football club
| clubname = 1. FC Kaan-Marienborn
| fullname = 1. FC Kaan-Marienborn 07 e. V.
| image = 1. FC Kaan-Marienborn Logo.svg
| upright = 0.8
| stadium = Herkules-Arena Im Breitenbachtal
| capacity = 4,000<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.europlan-online.de/sportplatz-breitenbachtal-kr/verein/1740 |title=Sportplatz Breitenbachtal |website=europlan-online.de |access-date=3 April 2016 |language=de}}</ref>
| founded = {{start date and age|1 July 2007}}
| chairman = Florian Leipold
| manager = [[Thorsten Nehrbauer]]
| website = http://www.fc-kaan.de/
| league = [[Regionalliga West]]
| season = 2021–22
| position = [[Oberliga Westfalen]], 1st (promoted)
| leftarm1 =
| body1 = FF0000
| rightarm1 =
| shorts1 = FF0000
| socks1 = FF0000
| pattern_la1 =
| pattern_b1 =
| pattern_ra1 =
| pattern_sh1 =
| pattern_so1 =
| leftarm2 =
| body2 =
| rightarm2 =
| shorts2 =
| socks2 =
| pattern_la2 =
| pattern_b2 =
| pattern_ra2 =
| pattern_sh2 =
| pattern_so2 =
}}
'''1. FC Kaan-Marienborn''' is a [[Football in Germany|German association football club]] based in [[Siegen]], that competes in [[Regionalliga West]].
== History ==
The club was founded on 1 July 2007, taking over the football department of TuS 1886 Kaan-Marienborn, which had existed since 1886. Funded by Christoph Thoma, the former managing partner of [[Maschinenfabrik Herkules]] in Kaan-Marienborn, the club was promoted to the [[Landesliga]] as early as 2008 and was further promoted to the [[Westfalenliga]] two years later. There, the team already reached 3rd place in its first season. In 2016, the team was finally promoted to the [[Oberliga Westfalen]] as the runner-up of the Westfalenliga Division 2 and winner of the play-off match<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fussball.de/spiel/delbruecker-sc-1-fc-kaan-marienborn/-/spiel/01S9792JTG000000VS54898DVU4RL8AK#!/section/stage |title=Entscheidungsspiel Delbrücker SC – 1. FC Kaan-Marienborn |website=fussball.de |access-date=2 June 2016 |language=de}}</ref> against the runner-up of the other division, [[Delbrücker SC]]. Two years later, they were promoted to the [[Regionalliga West]]. After the [[2018–19 Regionalliga#Regionalliga West|2018–19 season]], the team was relegated directly after finishing in second to last place.
In the 2019–20 season, the team again competed in the Oberliga Westfalen with Tobias Wurm, who had previously held the position of assistant coach, moving up to head coach and finishing 9th in the table after 21 matchdays. Due to the [[COVID-19 pandemic in Germany]], the season was cut short. The question of promotion was decided on a points per game basis. Here, 1. FC Kaan-Marienborn averaged 1.43 points.
The 2020–21 season also ultimately fell victim to the COVID-19 pandemic. At the end of the season, the team was in 6th place in the table (7 matches, 5 wins, 1 draw, 1 loss).
Since the beginning of October 2021, [[Thorsten Nehrbauer]] (the coach with whom the team achieved promotion to the Oberliga and Regionalliga) has been back in Kaan and so the club is looking to achieve promotion to the Regionalliga once again. They achieved this goal at the end of the season, gaining promotion to the [[2022–23 Regionalliga#Regionalliga West|2022–23 Regionalliga West]].
1. FC Kaan-Marienborn withdrew their senior team after the 2022–23 season due to not being able to fulfill future stadium requirements. Their reserve team, currently playing in the eleventh-tier Kreisliga C, will function as their new senior team from the 2023–24 season onwards.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rückzug des Regionalliga-Teams zur Saison 23/24 - 1.FC Kaan-Marienborn |url=https://www.fc-kaan.de/Artikel/58899/Rueckzug-des-Regionalliga-Teams-zur-Saison-2324 |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=www.fc-kaan.de}}</ref>
== Season overview ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:60%;"
|-
! Season !! League !! {{Abbr|Pos.|Position}} !! {{Abbr|W|Wins}} !! {{Abbr|D|Draws}} !! {{Abbr|L|Losses}} !! Goals !! {{Abbr|Pts.|Points}} !! Notes
|-
| 2007–08 || [[Bezirksliga]] || 1st || 27 || 3 || 0 || 87–16 || 84 || Promoted
|-
| 2008–09 || [[Landesliga]] || 4th || 15 || 7 || 8 || 57–33 || 52 ||
|-
| 2009–10 || Landesliga || 1st || 19 || 10 || 1 || 65–17 || 67 || Promoted
|-
| 2010–11 || [[Westfalenliga]] || 3rd || 16 || 10 || 8 || 63–41 || 58 ||
|-
| 2011–12 || Westfalenliga || 12th || 10 || 11 || 11 || 42–43 || 41 ||
|-
| 2012–13 || Westfalenliga || 8th || 12 || 7 || 11 || 43–44 || 43 ||
|-
| 2013–14 || Westfalenliga || 2nd || 18 || 5 || 7 || 60–38 || 59 ||
|-
| 2014–15 || Westfalenliga || 6th || 12 || 13 || 5 || 57–38 || 49 ||
|-
| 2015–16 || Westfalenliga || 2nd || 17 || 8 || 5 || 46–19 || 59 || Promoted
|-
| 2016–17 || [[Oberliga Westfalen]] || 7th || 12 || 12 || 10 || 38–40 || 48 ||
|-
| 2017–18 || Oberliga Westfalen || 2nd || 18 || 6 || 6 || 47–29 || 60 || Promoted
|-
| [[2018–19 Regionalliga#Regionalliga West|2018–19]] || [[Regionalliga West]] || 15th || 9 || 12 || 13 || 50–54 || 39 || Relegated
|-
| 2019–20 || Oberliga Westfalen || 9th || 9 || 4 || 9 || 40–30 || 36 || Season abandoned due to [[COVID-19 pandemic in Germany|COVID-19]]
|-
| 2020–21 || Oberliga Westfalen || 6th || 5 || 1 || 1 || 27–7 || 16 || Season abandoned due to COVID-19
|}
== Managers ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Time in office !! Manager
|-
| 1 July 2008 – 31 December 2009 || Gerhard Noll
|-
| 10 January 2010 – 30 June 2010 || Jörg Rokitte
|-
| 1 July 2010 – 30 June 2011 || [[Dietmar Schacht]]
|-
| 1 July 2011 – 29 November 2011 || Jörg Rokitte
|-
| 30 November 2011 – 8 January 2012 || Sveto Poletan
|-
| 9 January 2012 – 27 January 2014 || Peter Wongrowitz
|-
| 30 January 2014 – 30 June 2019 || [[Thorsten Nehrbauer]]
|-
| 1 July 2019 – 30 September 2021 || Tobias Wurm
|-
| 1 October 2021 – present || Thorsten Nehrbauer
|}
== Notable players ==
;Current
* [[Lars Bender (footballer, born 1988)|Lars Bender]]
* [[Markus Pazurek]]
;Former
* [[Mehmet Kurt (footballer)|Mehmet Kurt]]
* [[René Lewejohann]]
* [[Toni Gänge]]
* [[Michael Kügler]]
* [[Elsamed Ramaj]]
== Honours ==
* '''[[Oberliga Westfalen]]'''
** Champions: 2022
== External links ==
* {{official website|http://www.fc-kaan.de/}}
* [http://www.der-siegerlaender-weg.de/ Der Siegerländer Weg] – Sponsors' website with information about the club
* [http://www.fussball.de/verein/1fc-kaan-marienborn-07-ev-westfalen/-/id/00RFPJV1GS000000VV0AG80NVUUHJ2J0#!/ 1. FC Kaan-Marienborn] at fussball.de
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Oberliga Westfalen}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Kaan-Marienborn}}
[[Category:Football clubs in Germany]]
[[Category:Football clubs in North Rhine-Westphalia]]
[[Category:Association football clubs established in 2007]]
[[Category:2007 establishments in Germany]]
| 1,230,947,958 |
[{"title": "1. FC Kaan-Marienborn", "data": {"Full name": "1. FC Kaan-Marienborn 07 e. V.", "Founded": "1 July 2007", "Stadium": "Herkules-Arena Im Breitenbachtal", "Capacity": "4,000", "Chairman": "Florian Leipold", "Manager": "Thorsten Nehrbauer", "League": "Regionalliga West", "2021\u201322": "Oberliga Westfalen, 1st (promoted)", "Website": "http://www.fc-kaan.de"}}]
| false |
# 1773 in architecture
The year 1773 in architecture involved some significant events.
## Events
- July 30 – Following the discovery of the iron waters in the civil parish of Fraião, archbishop D. Gaspar de Bragança orders the municipal council to proceed with the use of the waters.[1] The municipal government contracts master mason Paulo Vidal (a resident of Adaúfe) to construct a fountain for 80$000 réis."for the people with better hygiene, comfort and seclusion to serve from the said water".
- Caspar Frederik Harsdorff is commissioned to redesign the Hercules Pavilion at Rosenborg Palace, Copenhagen, Denmark. His design with niches and statues gives the building its current name.[2]
- Domenico Merlini becomes the Royal Architect in Poland.
## Buildings and structures
### Buildings completed
- Pulteney Bridge in Bath, England, designed by Robert Adam.
- St. Hedwig's Cathedral, Berlin, Germany.
## Births
- August 30 – Mihály Pollack, Hungarian Neoclassical architect (died 1855)
## Deaths
- March 1 – Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian engineer and architect (born 1700)
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1773|architecture}}
The year '''1773 in architecture''' involved some significant events.
==Events==
* [[July 30]] – Following the discovery of the iron waters in the civil parish of Fraião, archbishop D. Gaspar de Bragança orders the municipal council to proceed with the use of the waters.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=8759 |title=Fonte das Águas Férreas (v.PT010303160112) |publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal |language=Portuguese |first=António |last=Dinis |year=2001 |access-date=3 May 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305045733/http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=8759 |archive-date=5 March 2016 }}</ref> The municipal government contracts master mason Paulo Vidal (a resident of Adaúfe) to construct a [[Fountain of Águas Ferreas|fountain]] for 80$000 [[Portuguese real|réis]].''"for the people with better hygiene, comfort and seclusion to serve from the said water"''.
* [[Caspar Frederik Harsdorff]] is commissioned to redesign the [[Hercules Pavilion]] at Rosenborg Palace, [[Copenhagen]], Denmark. His design with niches and statues gives the building its current name.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ses.dk/en/SlotteOgHaver/Slotte/RosenborgSlotOgKongensHave/kongenshave/herkulespavillonen.aspx |title=The Hercules Pavilion |publisher=Palaces and Properties Agency |access-date=2011-02-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719131249/http://www.ses.dk/en/SlotteOgHaver/Slotte/RosenborgSlotOgKongensHave/kongenshave/herkulespavillonen.aspx |archive-date=2011-07-19 }}</ref>
* [[Domenico Merlini]] becomes the Royal Architect in Poland.
[[File:Malton Pulteney Bridge 1785.JPG|thumb|[[Pulteney Bridge]], by [[Thomas Malton]]]]
==Buildings and structures==
{{See also|Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1773}}
===Buildings completed===
* [[Pulteney Bridge]] in [[Bath, Somerset|Bath]], England, designed by [[Robert Adam]].
* [[St. Hedwig's Cathedral]], [[Berlin]], Germany.
==Births==
* [[August 30]] – [[Mihály Pollack]], Hungarian Neoclassical architect (died [[1855 in architecture|1855]])
==Deaths==
* [[March 1]] – [[Luigi Vanvitelli]], Italian engineer and architect (born [[1700 in architecture|1700]])
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:1773 works|Architecture]]
[[Category:Years in architecture]]
[[Category:18th-century architecture]]
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[]
| false |
# 1874 in Australia
The following lists events that happened during 1874 in Australia.
## Incumbents
### Governors
Governors of the Australian colonies:
- Governor of New South Wales – Hercules Robinson, 1st Baron Rosmead
- Governor of Queensland – George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby
- Governor of South Australia – Sir Anthony Musgrave
- Governor of Tasmania – Charles Du Cane
- Governor of Victoria – Sir George Bowen
- Governor of Western Australia – The Hon. Sir Frederick Weld GCMG.
### Premiers
Premiers of the Australian colonies:
- Premier of New South Wales – Sir Henry Parkes
- Premier of Queensland – Arthur Hunter Palmer until 7 January, then Arthur Macalister
- Premier of South Australia – John Hart until 10 November, then Arthur Blyth
- Premier of Tasmania – Alfred Kennerley
- Premier of Victoria – Charles Gavan Duffy until 31 July, then George Kerferd
## Events
- 8 January – Arthur Macalister becomes Premier of Queensland for the third time.
- 10 March – Ernest Giles is the first European to explore and later names (12 March) the Petermann Ranges.
- 1 April – John Forrest leads an expedition from Geraldton, Western Australia across the Gibson Desert to the Peake telegraph station in South Australia.
- 15 June – Brisbane's first Victoria Bridge opens; it is lost in the 1893 Brisbane flood.
- 31 July – George Kerferd becomes Premier of Victoria.
- 28 September – Victorian Humane Society established; it later becomes the Royal Humane Society of Australasia.
- 6 November – University of Adelaide established by act of the South Australian Parliament; it opened in 1876.
## Arts and literature
- Marcus Clarke's For the Term of his Natural Life is published in book form
## Sport
- Southern Rugby Union is established; renamed New South Wales Rugby Union in 1892
- Haricot wins the Melbourne Cup
## Births
- 2 March – Gregan McMahon, actor and theatre director (d. 1941)
- 3 March – Ada Crossley, singer (d. 1929
- 17 September – Walter Murdoch, essayist (d. 1970)
- 17 October – Sir Lionel Lindsay, painter (d. 1961)
## Deaths
- 1 February – Alexander Harris, soldier, teacher and author (b. 1805)
- 6 April – Michael Fenton, first Speaker of the Tasmanian House of Assembly (b. 1789)
- 17 May – Sir Roger Therry, jurist (b. 1800)
- date unknown
- Robert Menli Lyon, Aboriginal advocate (b. 1789)
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{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use Australian English|date=January 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{More footnotes|date=October 2022}}
{{Year in region
| year = 1874
| region = Australia
| error = '''Template:Year in Australia''': Parameter 1=''year'' required!
| image = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg
| image_size = 90px
| see_also =
* [[1874|Other events of 1874]]
* [[History of Australia|Timeline of Australian history]]
}}
The following lists events that happened during '''1874 in Australia'''.
==Incumbents==
===Governors===
[[Governors of the Australian states|Governors of the Australian colonies]]:
*[[Governor of New South Wales]] – [[Hercules Robinson, 1st Baron Rosmead]]
*[[Governor of Queensland]] – [[George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby]]
*[[Governor of South Australia]] – [[Anthony Musgrave|Sir Anthony Musgrave]]
*[[Governor of Tasmania]] – [[Charles Du Cane]]
*[[Governor of Victoria]] – [[George Bowen|Sir George Bowen]]
*[[Governor of Western Australia]] – [[Frederick Weld|The Hon. Sir Frederick Weld GCMG]].
===Premiers===
[[Premiers of the Australian states|Premiers of the Australian colonies]]:
*[[Premier of New South Wales]] – [[Henry Parkes|Sir Henry Parkes]]
*[[Premier of Queensland]] – [[Arthur Hunter Palmer]] until 7 January, then [[Arthur Macalister]]
*[[Premier of South Australia]] – [[John Hart, senior|John Hart]] until 10 November, then [[Arthur Blyth]]
*[[Premier of Tasmania]] – [[Alfred Kennerley]]
*[[Premier of Victoria]] – [[Charles Gavan Duffy (Australian politician)|Charles Gavan Duffy]] until 31 July, then [[George Kerferd]]
==Events==
*8 January – [[Arthur Macalister]] becomes [[Premier of Queensland]] for the third time.
*10 March – [[Ernest Giles]] is the first European to explore and later names (12 March) the [[Petermann Ranges (Australia)|Petermann Ranges]].
*1 April – [[John Forrest]] leads an expedition from [[Geraldton, Western Australia]] across the [[Gibson Desert]] to the [[The Peake|Peake telegraph station]] in South Australia.
*15 June – Brisbane's first Victoria Bridge opens; it is lost in the [[1893 Brisbane flood]].
*31 July – [[George Kerferd]] becomes [[Premier of Victoria]].
*28 September – Victorian Humane Society established; it later becomes the [[Royal Humane Society of Australasia]].
*6 November – [[University of Adelaide]] established by act of the South Australian Parliament; it opened in 1876.
==Arts and literature==
{{Main|1874 in Australian literature}}
*[[Marcus Clarke]]'s ''[[For the Term of his Natural Life]]'' is published in book form
==Sport==
*Southern Rugby Union is established; renamed [[New South Wales Rugby Union]] in 1892
*''Haricot'' wins the [[Melbourne Cup]]
==Births==
*2 March – [[Gregan McMahon]], actor and theatre director (d. [[1941]])
*3 March – [[Ada Crossley]], singer (d. [[1929]]
*17 September – [[Walter Murdoch]], essayist (d. [[1970]])
*17 October – Sir [[Lionel Lindsay]], painter (d. [[1961]])
==Deaths==
* 1 February – [[Alexander Harris (writer)|Alexander Harris]], soldier, teacher and author (b. [[1805 in Australia|1805]])
* 6 April – [[Michael Fenton (Australian politician)|Michael Fenton]], first [[Speaker of the Tasmanian House of Assembly]] (b. [[1789 in Australia|1789]])
* 17 May – [[Roger Therry|Sir Roger Therry]], jurist (b. [[1800 in Australia|1800]])
* ''date unknown''
** [[Robert Menli Lyon]], Aboriginal advocate (b. [[1789 in Australia|1789]])
==References==
{{Reflist}}
*{{cite book
| last = Barker
| first = Anthony
| title =What Happened When
| publisher = Allen & Unwin
| year = 1996
| location = St Leonards
| isbn = 978-1-86373-986-3 }}
{{Years in Australia}}
{{Oceania topic|1874 in|countries_only=yes}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1874 in Australia}}
[[Category:1874 in Australia| ]]
[[Category:1874 by country|Australia]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in Australia]]
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[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1873 - 1872 - 1871": "1874 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Australia \u00b7 \u2192 - 1875 - 1876 - 1877", "Decades": "1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s", "See also": "Other events of 1874 Timeline of Australian history"}}]
| false |
# 1820 in the United States
Events from the year 1820 in the United States.
## Incumbents
### Federal government
- President: James Monroe (DR-Virginia)
- Vice President: Daniel D. Tompkins (DR-New York)
- Chief Justice: John Marshall (Virginia)
- Speaker of the House of Representatives:
Henry Clay (DR-Kentucky) (until October 28)
John W. Taylor (DR-New York) (starting November 15)
- Congress: 16th
| Governors and lieutenant governors |
| ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| - Governor of Alabama: William Wyatt Bibb (Democratic-Republican) (until July 10), Thomas Bibb (Democratic-Republican) (starting July 10) - Governor of Connecticut: Oliver Wolcott Jr. (Toleration) - Governor of Delaware: - until January 18: John Clark (Federalist) - January 18: Henry Molleston (Federalist) - starting January 18: Jacob Stout (Federalist) - Governor of Georgia: John Clark (Democratic-Republican) - Governor of Illinois: Shadrach Bond (Independent) - Governor of Indiana: Jonathan Jennings (Democratic-Republican) - Governor of Kentucky: Gabriel Slaughter (Democratic-Republican) (until August 29), John Adair (Democratic-Republican) (starting August 29) - Governor of Louisiana: Jacques Villeré (Democratic-Republican) (until December 18), Thomas Bolling Robertson (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 18) - Governor of Maine: William King (Democratic-Republican) (starting March 15) - Governor of Maryland: Samuel Sprigg (Democratic) - Governor of Massachusetts: John Brooks (Federalist) - Governor of Mississippi: David Holmes (Democratic-Republican) (until January 5), George Poindexter (Democratic-Republican) - Governor of New Hampshire: Samuel Bell (Democratic-Republican) - Governor of New Jersey: Isaac Halstead Williamson (Federalist) - Governor of New York: DeWitt Clinton (Democratic-Republican) - Governor of North Carolina: John Branch (Democratic-Republican) (until December 7), Jesse Franklin (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 7) - Governor of Ohio: Ethan Allen Brown (Democratic-Republican) - Governor of Pennsylvania: William Findlay (Democratic-Republican) (until December 19), Joseph Hiester (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 19) - Governor of Rhode Island: Nehemiah R. Knight (Democratic-Republican) - Governor of South Carolina: John Geddes (Democratic-Republican) (until December 7), Thomas Bennett, Jr. (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 7) - Governor of Tennessee: Joseph McMinn (Democratic-Republican) - Governor of Vermont: Jonas Galusha (Democratic-Republican) (until October 15), Richard Skinner (Democratic-Republican) (starting October 15) - Governor of Virginia: Thomas Mann Randolph, Jr. (Democratic-Republican) - Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut: Jonathan Ingersoll (Democratic-Republican) - Lieutenant Governor of Illinois: Pierre Menard (Democratic-Republican) - Lieutenant Governor of Indiana: Ratliff Boon (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 8) - Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky: vacant (until August 29), William T. Barry (Democratic-Republican) (starting August 29) - Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts: William Phillips, Jr. (political party unknown) - Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi: Duncan Stewart (no political party) (until month and day unknown), James Patton (no political party unknown) (starting month and day unknown) - Lieutenant Governor of New York: John Tayler (Democratic-Republican) - Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island: Edward Wilcox (political party unknown) - Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina: William Youngblood (Democratic-Republican) (until month and day unknown), William Pinckney (Democratic-Republican) (starting month and day unknown) - Lieutenant Governor of Vermont: Paul Brigham (Democratic-Republican) (until October 23), William Cahoon (Democratic-Republican) (starting October 23) |
## Events
- February 6 – 86 free African American colonists sail from New York City to Freetown, Sierra Leone.
- March 3 & 6 – Slavery in the United States: The Missouri Compromise becomes law.
- March 15 – Maine is admitted as the 23rd U.S. state (see History of Maine).
- April 24 – The Land Act of 1820 reduces the price of land in the Northwest Territory and Missouri Territory encouraging Americans to settle in the west.
- July 10 – Thomas Bibb is sworn in as the second governor of Alabama, following the death of William W. Bibb.
- August 7 – The 1820 United States census is conducted, eventually determining a population of 11,176,475.
- December 3 – U.S. presidential election, 1820: James Monroe is re-elected, virtually unopposed.
### Undated
- Mount Rainier erupts over what is today Seattle.
- Indiana University is founded as the Indiana State Seminary and renamed the Indiana College in 1846, to later be renamed Indiana University.
- Charlottesville Woolen Mills built along the Rivanna River
### Ongoing
- Era of Good Feelings (1817–1825)
## Births
- February 1 – George Hendric Houghton, Episcopal clergyman (died 1897)
- February 4 – David C. Broderick, U.S. Senator from California from 1857 to 1859 (died 1859)
- February 6
- Henry Howard Brownell, poet and historian (died 1872)
- Thomas C. Durant, American railroad financier (died 1885)
- February 8 – William Tecumseh Sherman, Civil War general (died 1891)[1]
- February 15 – Susan B. Anthony, suffragist (died 1906)
- March 1 – George Davis, Confederate States Senator from North Carolina, 4th and last Confederate States Attorney General (died 1896)
- March 3 – Henry D. Cogswell, temperance campaigner and philanthropist (died 1900)
- March 17 – William F. Raynolds, military engineer (died 1894)
- March 24
- Fanny Crosby, mission worker and hymnist (died 1915)
- George G. Wright, U.S. Senator from Iowa from 1871 to 1877 (died 1896)
- April 8 – John Taylor Johnston, businessman and patron of the arts (died 1893)
- April 17 – Alexander Cartwright, baseball pioneer (died 1892 in Hawaii)
- April 26 – Alice Cary, poet and short story writer, sister to Phoebe Cary (died 1871)
- May 23 – Lorenzo Sawyer, 9th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of California (died 1891)
- May 30 – Edward Doane, Protestant missionary (died 1890)
- June 2 – Willard Saulsbury, Sr., U.S. Senator from Delaware from 1859 to 1871 (died 1892)
- July 5 – Luke Pryor, U.S. Senator from Alabama in 1880 (died 1900)
- July 23 – Julia Gardiner Tyler, First Lady of the United States (died 1889)
- July 31 – John W. Garrett, banker, railroad president and philanthropist (died 1884)
- August 26 – James Harlan, U.S. Senator from Iowa from 1865 to 1866 (died 1899)
- August 30 – George Frederick Root, songwriter (died 1895)
- September 2 – Lucretia Peabody Hale, journalist and author (died 1900)[2]
- September 3 – George Hearst, U.S. Senator from California from 1887 to 1891 (died 1891)
- September 20 – John F. Reynolds, U.S. Army general (killed 1863)
- October 5 – David Wilber, politician (died 1890)
- October 28 – John Henry Hopkins, Jr., Episcopal clergyman and hymnist (died 1891)
- November 13 – Eugene Casserly, U.S. Senator from California from 1869 to 1873 (died 1883)
- December 12 – James L. Pugh, U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1880 to 1897 (died 1907)
- December 19 – Mary Livermore, born Mary Ashton Rice, journalist, abolitionist and women's rights advocate (died 1905)
- December 21 – William H. Osborn, railroad president and philanthropist (died 1894)
- December 29 – John S. Barbour, Jr., U.S. Senator from Virginia from 1889 to 1892 (died 1892)
- Eagle Woman, Lakota leader (died 1888)
## Deaths
- February 5 – William Ellery, signer of the United States Declaration of Independence, Chief Justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court (born 1729)
- March 11 – Benjamin West, American-born painter of historical scenes (born 1738)
- March 22 – Stephen Decatur, U.S. Navy commander (born 1779)
- April 14 – Levi Lincoln Sr., statesman from Massachusetts (born 1749)
- April 20 – James Morris III, Continental Army officer from Connecticut (born 1752)
- July 10 – William Wyatt Bibb, U.S. Senator from Georgia from 1813 to 1816, 1st Governor of Alabama (born 1781)
- August 12 – Manuel Lisa, fur trader (born 1772)
- September 3 – Benjamin Henry Latrobe, architect (born 1764 in Great Britain)
- September 21 – Joseph Rodman Drake, poet (born 1795; consumption)
- September 26 – Daniel Boone, pioneer (born 1734)
- September 29 – Barthelemy Lafon, Creole architect, engineer, city planner, surveyor and smuggler (born 1769 in France)
- October 4 – Thomas Hope, architect (born 1757 in Great Britain)
- November 8 – Lavinia Stoddard, poet and educationalist (born 1787)
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{{Short description|none}}
{{Yearbox US|1820}}
{{Year in U.S. states and territories|1820}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2023}}
{{Use American English|date=February 2023}}
[[File:1820 in the United States - American expansion maps (Randall D. Sale and Edwin D. Karn, 1962, OCLC 1196825549, LCCN map62000421) 04.jpg|thumb|1820 in the United States]]
Events from the year '''1820 in the United States'''.
== Incumbents ==
=== [[Federal government of the United States|Federal government]] ===
* [[President of the United States|President]]: [[James Monroe]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|DR]]-[[Virginia]])
* [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]: [[Daniel D. Tompkins]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|DR]]-[[New York (state)|New York]])
* [[Chief Justice of the United States|Chief Justice]]: [[John Marshall]] ([[Virginia]])
* [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House of Representatives]]:
::[[Henry Clay]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|DR]]-[[Kentucky]]) (until October 28)
::[[John W. Taylor (politician)|John W. Taylor]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|DR]]-[[New York (state)|New York]]) (starting November 15)
* [[United States Congress|Congress]]: [[16th United States Congress|16th]]
{| class="wikitable collapsible collapsed"
! [[Governor (United States)|Governor]]s and [[Lieutenant governor (United States)|lieutenant governor]]s
|-
|
=== Governors ===
* [[List of governors of Alabama|Governor of Alabama]]: [[William Wyatt Bibb]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until July 10), [[Thomas Bibb]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting July 10)
* [[List of governors of Connecticut|Governor of Connecticut]]: [[Oliver Wolcott Jr.]] ([[Toleration Party|Toleration]])
* [[List of governors of Delaware|Governor of Delaware]]:
** until January 18: [[John Clark (governor)|John Clark]] ([[Federalist]])
** January 18: [[Henry Molleston]] ([[Federalist]])
** starting January 18: [[Jacob Stout]] ([[Federalist]])
* [[List of governors of Georgia|Governor of Georgia]]: [[John Clark (Georgia governor)|John Clark]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Governor of Illinois]]: [[Shadrach Bond]] ([[Independent (politician)|Independent]])
* [[Governor of Indiana]]: [[Jonathan Jennings]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Governor of Kentucky]]: [[Gabriel Slaughter]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until August 29), [[John Adair]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting August 29)
* [[List of governors of Louisiana|Governor of Louisiana]]: [[Jacques Villeré]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until December 18), [[Thomas B. Robertson|Thomas Bolling Robertson]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting December 18)
* [[Governor of Maine]]: [[William King (governor)|William King]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting March 15)
* [[Governor of Maryland]]: [[Samuel Sprigg]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]])
* [[Governor of Massachusetts]]: [[John Brooks (governor)|John Brooks]] ([[Federalist]])
* [[List of governors of Mississippi|Governor of Mississippi]]: [[David Holmes (politician)|David Holmes]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until January 5), [[George Poindexter]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Governor of New Hampshire]]: [[Samuel Bell (New Hampshire politician)|Samuel Bell]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Governor of New Jersey]]: [[Isaac Halstead Williamson]] ([[Federalist]])
* [[Governor of New York]]: [[DeWitt Clinton]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Governor of North Carolina]]: [[John Branch]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until December 7), [[Jesse Franklin]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting December 7)
* [[List of governors of Ohio|Governor of Ohio]]: [[Ethan Allen Brown]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[List of governors of Pennsylvania|Governor of Pennsylvania]]: [[William Findlay (governor)|William Findlay]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until December 19), [[Joseph Hiester]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting December 19)
* [[List of governors of Rhode Island|Governor of Rhode Island]]: [[Nehemiah R. Knight]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Governor of South Carolina]]: [[John Geddes (politician)|John Geddes]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until December 7), [[Thomas Bennett, Jr.]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting December 7)
* [[Governor of Tennessee]]: [[Joseph McMinn]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Governor of Vermont]]: [[Jonas Galusha]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until October 15), [[Richard Skinner (American politician)|Richard Skinner]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting October 15)
* [[Governor of Virginia]]: [[Thomas Mann Randolph, Jr.]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
=== Lieutenant governors ===
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut]]: [[Jonathan Ingersoll]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Illinois]]: [[Pierre Menard]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Indiana]]: [[Ratliff Boon]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting December 8)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky]]: vacant (until August 29), [[William T. Barry]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting August 29)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts]]: [[William Phillips, Jr.]] (political party unknown)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi]]: [[Duncan Stewart (Mississippi politician)|Duncan Stewart]] (no political party) (until month and day unknown), [[James Patton (Lieutenant Governor)|James Patton]] (no political party unknown) (starting month and day unknown)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of New York]]: [[John Tayler]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]])
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island]]: [[Edward Wilcox (politician)|Edward Wilcox]] (political party unknown)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina]]: William Youngblood ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until month and day unknown), William Pinckney ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting month and day unknown)
* [[Lieutenant Governor of Vermont]]: [[Paul Brigham]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (until October 23), [[William Cahoon]] ([[Democratic-Republican Party|Democratic-Republican]]) (starting October 23)
|}
== Demographics ==
{{Main|1820 United States census}}
==Events==
* February 6 – 86 free [[African American]] colonists sail from [[New York City]] to [[Freetown, Sierra Leone]].
* March 3 & 6 – [[Slavery]] in the United States: The [[Missouri Compromise]] becomes law.
* March 15 – [[Maine]] is admitted as the 23rd [[U.S. state]] (''see'' [[History of Maine]]).
* April 24 – The [[Land Act of 1820]] reduces the price of land in the [[Northwest Territory]] and [[Missouri Territory]] encouraging Americans to settle in the west.
* July 10 – [[Thomas Bibb]] is sworn in as the second [[governor of Alabama]], following the death of [[William W. Bibb]].
* August 7 – The [[1820 United States census]] is conducted, eventually determining a population of 11,176,475.
* December 3 – [[U.S. presidential election, 1820]]: [[James Monroe]] is re-elected, virtually unopposed.
===Undated===
* [[Mount Rainier]] erupts over what is today Seattle.
* [[Indiana University]] is founded as the Indiana State Seminary and renamed the Indiana College in 1846, to later be renamed [[Indiana University]].
* [[Charlottesville Woolen Mills]] built along the [[Rivanna River]]
===Ongoing===
* [[Era of Good Feelings]] (1817–1825)
==Births==
* February 1 – [[George Hendric Houghton]], Episcopal clergyman (died [[1897 in the United States|1897]])
* February 4 – [[David C. Broderick]], U.S. Senator from California from 1857 to 1859 (died [[1859 in the United States|1859]])
* February 6
** [[Henry Howard Brownell]], poet and historian (died [[1872 in the United States|1872]])
** [[Thomas C. Durant]], American railroad financier (died [[1885 in the United States|1885]])
* February 8 – [[William Tecumseh Sherman]], Civil War general (died [[1891 in the United States|1891]])<ref>{{cite book|author=William Tecumseh Sherman|title=Memoirs of Gen. William T. Sherman: By Himself. To which are Added Chapters Completing His Life and Including His Funeral Obsequies by W. Fletcher Johnson and Carefully Reviewed by Major-General O. O. Howard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c9w4AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA438|year=1891|publisher=D. Appleton|pages=438}}</ref>
* February 15 – [[Susan B. Anthony]], suffragist (died [[1906 in the United States|1906]])
* March 1 – [[George Davis (Confederate States politician)|George Davis]], [[Congress of the Confederate States|Confederate States Senator]] from [[North Carolina]], 4th and last [[Confederate States Attorney General]] (died [[1896 in the United States|1896]])
* March 3 – [[Henry D. Cogswell]], temperance campaigner and philanthropist (died [[1900 in the United States|1900]])
* March 17 – [[William F. Raynolds]], military engineer (died [[1894 in the United States|1894]])
* March 24
** [[Fanny Crosby]], mission worker and hymnist (died [[1915 in the United States|1915]])
** [[George G. Wright]], U.S. Senator from Iowa from 1871 to 1877 (died [[1896 in the United States|1896]])
* April 8 – [[John Taylor Johnston]], businessman and patron of the arts (died [[1893 in the United States|1893]])
* April 17 – [[Alexander Cartwright]], baseball pioneer (died 1892 in Hawaii)
* April 26 – [[Alice Cary]], poet and short story writer, sister to Phoebe Cary (died [[1871 in the United States|1871]])
* May 23 – [[Lorenzo Sawyer]], 9th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of California (died 1891)
* May 30 – [[Edward Doane]], Protestant missionary (died 1890)
* June 2 – [[Willard Saulsbury, Sr.]], U.S. Senator from Delaware from 1859 to 1871 (died [[1892 in the United States|1892]])
* July 5 – [[Luke Pryor]], U.S. Senator from Alabama in 1880 (died 1900)
* July 23 – [[Julia Gardiner Tyler]], [[First Lady of the United States]] (died [[1889 in the United States|1889]])
* July 31 – [[John W. Garrett]], banker, railroad president and philanthropist (died [[1884 in the United States|1884]])
* August 26 – [[James Harlan (senator)|James Harlan]], U.S. Senator from Iowa from 1865 to 1866 (died [[1899 in the United States|1899]])
* August 30 – [[George Frederick Root]], songwriter (died [[1895 in the United States|1895]])
* September 2 – [[Lucretia Peabody Hale]], journalist and author (died [[1900 in the United States|1900]])<ref>{{cite book|first=Kathleen|last=Kuiper|title=Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of Literature|location=Springfield|publisher=Merriam-Webster|year=1995|isbn=978-0-87779-042-6|page=508}}</ref>
* September 3 – [[George Hearst]], U.S. Senator from California from 1887 to 1891 (died 1891)
* September 20 – [[John F. Reynolds]], U.S. Army general (killed [[1863 in the United States|1863]])
* October 5 – [[David Wilber]], politician (died [[1890 in the United States|1890]])
* October 28 – [[John Henry Hopkins, Jr.]], Episcopal clergyman and hymnist (died 1891)
* November 13 – [[Eugene Casserly]], U.S. Senator from California from 1869 to 1873 (died [[1883 in the United States|1883]])
* December 12 – [[James L. Pugh]], U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1880 to 1897 (died [[1907 in the United States|1907]])
* December 19 – [[Mary Livermore]], born Mary Ashton Rice, journalist, abolitionist and women's rights advocate (died [[1905 in the United States|1905]])
* December 21 – [[William H. Osborn]], railroad president and philanthropist (died [[1894 in the United States|1894]])
* December 29 – [[John S. Barbour, Jr.]], U.S. Senator from Virginia from 1889 to 1892 (died 1892)
* [[Eagle Woman]], [[Lakota people|Lakota]] leader (died [[1888 in the United States|1888]])
==Deaths==
* February 5 – [[William Ellery]], signer of the [[United States Declaration of Independence]], [[Chief Justice of the Rhode Island Supreme Court]] (born [[1729]])
* March 11 – [[Benjamin West]], American-born painter of historical scenes (born [[1738]])
* March 22 – [[Stephen Decatur]], U.S. Navy commander (born [[1779 in the United States|1779]])
* April 14 – [[Levi Lincoln Sr.]], statesman from [[Massachusetts]] (born [[1749]])
* April 20 – [[James Morris III]], Continental Army officer from Connecticut (born [[1752]])
* July 10 – [[William Wyatt Bibb]], U.S. Senator from Georgia from 1813 to 1816, 1st Governor of Alabama (born [[1781 in the United States|1781]])
* August 12 – [[Manuel Lisa]], fur trader (born [[1772]])
* September 3 – [[Benjamin Henry Latrobe]], architect (born [[1764 in Great Britain]])
* September 21 – [[Joseph Rodman Drake]], poet (born [[1795 in the United States|1795]]; consumption)
* September 26 – [[Daniel Boone]], pioneer (born [[1734]])
* September 29 – [[Barthelemy Lafon]], [[Louisiana Creole people|Creole]] architect, engineer, city planner, surveyor and smuggler (born [[1769 in France]])
* October 4 – [[Thomas Hope (architect)|Thomas Hope]], architect (born [[1757 in Great Britain]])
* November 8 – [[Lavinia Stoddard]], poet and educationalist (born [[1787 in the United States|1787]])
==See also==
*[[Timeline of United States history (1820–1859)]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
* {{Cite book|publisher=Edwards & Knibb|location=London|author=Daniel Blowe|title=A geographical, historical, commercial, and agricultural view of the United States of America; forming a complete emigrant's directory through every part of the republic ...|date=1820|ol=14686561M}}
==External links==
* {{Commons category-inline}}
{{US year nav}}
{{Timeline of United States history}}
{{Year in North America|1820}}
[[Category:1820 in the United States| ]]
[[Category:1820s in the United States]]
[[Category:1820 by country|United States]]
[[Category:1820 in North America|United States]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in the United States]]
| 1,276,678,139 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1819 - 1818 - 1817": "1820 \u00b7 in \u00b7 the United States \u00b7 \u2192 - 1821 - 1822 - 1823", "Decades": "1800s 1810s 1820s 1830s 1840s", "See also": "History of the United States (1789\u20131849) Timeline of United States history (1820\u20131859) List of years in the United States"}}]
| false |
# 1889 Pembrokeshire County Council election
The first election to Pembrokeshire County Council, was held in January 1889. It was followed by the 1892 election. The county was divided into numerous single member wards with two or more councillors elected to represent Tenby and Pembroke Dock.
## Overview of the result
1889 was a landmark year in the history of Welsh Liberalism, a coming of age symbolized by the triumph across Wales of Liberal candidates in the inaugural county council elections. The Liberal triumph in Pembrokeshire was not as complete as in other Welsh counties but was nevertheless significant. In the north of the county a number of landed gentry were defeated including James Bevan Bowen of Llwyngwair, former MP for the county of Pembrokeshire.
There were only nine unopposed returns, most of whom were Liberals.
## Ward Results
### Ambleston
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ---------------------- | ------------ | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | David Morris | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Amroth
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------------------- | ---------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | Sackville Herbert Owen | 191 | | |
| | Liberal | R. Phillips | 87 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 104 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 277 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Begelly
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | Henry Seymour Allen | 161 | | |
| | Conservative | R. H. Buckby | 78 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 83 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 239 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Burton
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | Sir Owen H. P. Scourfield, Bart | 287 | | |
| | Liberal | James James | 97 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 190 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 384 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Camrose
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ----------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | W.J. Owen | 152 | | |
| | Conservative | R.P.L. Penn | 111 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 41 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 263 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Carew
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ---------------------- | ----------------- | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | H. G. Allen, Q.C. | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Clydey
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ---------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | Lemuel Jones | 174 | | |
| | Conservative | J. Vaughan Colby | 72 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 102 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 246 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Castlemartin
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | --------------------------- | ----------- | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Conservative | Earl Cawdor | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Eglwyswrw
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ---------------------- | ----------- | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | T. Williams | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Fishguard
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------------------- | -------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | J. Worthington | 218 | | |
| | Liberal | William James | 77 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 142 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 295 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Haverfordwest St Mary's
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | --------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | S. Thomas | 275 | | |
| | Conservative | E. White | 133 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 142 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 408 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Haverfordwest, Prendergast and Uzmaston
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------------------- | -------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | Thomas James | 123 | | |
| | Liberal | Rev J. Jenkins | 121 | | |
| | Independent | Henry Davies | 6 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 250 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Haverfordwest, St Thomas and Furzy Park
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------------------- | ----------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | R. T. P. Williams | 204 | | |
| | Liberal | William Williams | 86 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 118 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 290 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Haverfordwest St Martin's
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ---------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | J. Thomas | 101 | | |
| | Conservative | E. Vaughan | 95 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 6 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 196 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Kilgerran
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ---------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | John Evans | 158 | | |
| | Conservative | E. Gower | 149 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 9 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 307 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Lampeter Velfrey
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ---------------------- | --------------- | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | Rev Lewis James | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Llanfyrnach
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ---------------------- | ---------- | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | E.H. James | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Llanwnda
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ----------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | W. Williams | 187 | | |
| | Conservative | E. Perkins | 57 | | |
| | Conservative | C. Mathias | 25 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 130 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 269 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Llawhaden
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------------------- | ------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Independent | William Jones | 175 | | |
| | Liberal | Richard John | 133 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 42 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 308 | | |
| | Independent win (new seat) | | | | |
### Llangwm
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ---------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | R. Carrow | 171 | | |
| | Conservative | W.J. Avery | 33 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 138 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 204 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Llanstadwell
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------------------- | ---------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Independent | J.H. Coram | 232 | | |
| | Liberal | D. A. L. M'AIpin | 133 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 99 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 365 | | |
| | Independent win (new seat) | | | | |
### Maenclochog
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ---------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | Rev W. Griffiths | 175 | | |
| | Independent | J. P. Bushell | 85 | | |
| | Liberal | David Davies | 49 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 90 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 309 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Manorbier
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------------------- | --------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | C. W. R. Stokes | 159 | | |
| | Liberal | W. Gibbs | 111 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 48 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 270 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Mathry
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ------------ | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | T. E. Thomas | 208 | | |
| | Conservative | J. Reynolds | 48 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 160 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 256 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Milford
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | Dr Griffith | 237 | | |
| | Liberal | J. Ll. Davies | 132 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 105 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 369 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Monkton
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------------------- | --------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | Col. Morgan J. Saurin | 175 | | |
| | Liberal | W. Carey Rees | 89 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 86 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 261 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Nevern
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ----------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | J. Griffiths | 192 | | |
| | Conservative | James Bevan Bowen | 167 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 25 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 359 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Newport
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ---------------------- | ------------ | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | Dr D. Havard | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Narberth North
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ---------------------- | --------- | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | R. Ward | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Pembroke (two seats)
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ------- | --------------------------- | ---------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | R. George | 347 | | |
| | Liberal | Dr W.J. Morrison | 293 | | |
| | Liberal | H. Mathias | 261 | | |
| | Conservative | Rev D.P. Davies | 143 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,044 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Pembroke Dock (five seats)
None of the candidates were said to have openly run on political lines and no meetings took place during the campaign.
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ------- | --------------------------- | --------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | D. Hughes Brown | 926 | | |
| | Liberal | W. E. Seccombe | 865 | | |
| | Liberal | J. Williams | 824 | | |
| | Liberal | Isaac Smedley | 706 | | |
| | Conservative | Dr J.F. Stamper | 595 | | |
| | Liberal | J. Davie | 529 | | |
| | Liberal | S. Jenkins | 426 | | |
| | Conservative | Rev J.S. Allen | 323 | | |
| | Liberal | A.E. Owen | 263 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,457 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### St David's
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | -------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | D. P. Williams | 204 | | |
| | Conservative | W. D. Propert | 135 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 69 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 369 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### St Dogmaels
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | -------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | J. Rees | 159 | | |
| | Conservative | E. C. Phillips | 154 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 314 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### St Ishmaels
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ---------------------- | --------------- | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Liberal | Lord Kensington | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### St Issels
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------------------- | -------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | C. R. Vickerman | 236 | | |
| | Conservative | Major J. Birtwhistle | 27 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 209 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 263 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Slebech and Martletwy
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | --------------------------- | -------------------- | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Conservative | Sir Charles Philipps | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Staynton
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------------------- | ----------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | J.T. Fisher | 156 | | |
| | Liberal | J. George | 85 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 71 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 241 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
### Tenby (two seats)
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ------- | --------------------------- | -------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Conservative | W. H. Richards | 250 | | |
| | Liberal | Mathias Thomas | 236 | | |
| | Conservative | N.A. Roch | 157 | | |
| | | J.A. Jenkins | 126 | | |
| | Conservative | B.G. Gifford | 52 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 821 | | |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Walwyn's Castle
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------------------- | ----------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Independent | W. Howell Walters | 150 | | |
| | Conservative | Capt. Goldwyer | 80 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 70 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 230 | | |
| | Independent win (new seat) | | | | |
### Whitchurch
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------------------- | ------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | John Thomas | 205 | | |
| | Conservative | G. D. Harries | 120 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 85 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 325 | | |
| | Liberal win (new seat) | | | | |
### Wiston
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | --------------------------- | -------------- | --------- | --- | --- |
| | Conservative | Captain Higgon | Unopposed | N/A | N/A |
| | Conservative win (new seat) | | | | |
## Election of Aldermen
In addition to the 51 councillors the council consisted of 16 county aldermen. Aldermen were elected by the council, and served a six-year term. Following the election of the initial sixteen aldermen, half of the aldermanic bench would be elected every three years following the triennial council election. After the initial elections, there were sixteen aldermanic vacancies and the following Alderman were appointed by the newly elected council (with the number of votes cast recorded in each case). A second vote was held to determine which aldermen should retire in three years.
Elected for six years
- H. Allen, Liberal (elected councillor for Carew) 42
- Lord Kensington, Liberal (elected councillor for St Ishmaels) 42
- J. Bevan Bowen, Conservative (defeated candidate at Nevern) 31
- Jno Thomas, Llether 30, Liberal
- W. Gibbs, Hodgeston 29, Liberal
- W. Williams, Haverfordwest 27, Liberal
- N.A. Roch, Tenby, Conservative (defeated candidate at Tenby) 24
- Captain Higgon 23, Conservative (elected councillor for Wiston)
Elected for three years
- W.E. Seccombe, Liberal (elected councillor for Pembroke Dock) 32
- G.P. Brewer, Narberth 29, Liberal
- R, Thomas, Trebover 29, Liberal
- W. Evans, Bletherston 28, Liberal
- Ben Rees, Granant 28, Liberal
- H. Jno Thomas, Lochturfin 28, Liberal
- W. Watts Williams, St David's 28, Liberal
- Sir Charles Philipps, Conservative (elected councillor for Slebech and Martletwy) 22
## By-elections
Five vacancies were caused by the election of aldermen.
### Pembroke Dock by-election
The election to replace the Mayor of Pembroke was fought on political lines.
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ------------ | ---------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | Thomas George Seccombe | 751 | | |
| | Conservative | William Henry Gibby | 587 | | |
| | Liberal | Albert Edward Owen | 27 | | |
### St Ishmaels by-election
The election which followed the elevation of Lord Kensington was not fought on political lines.
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ----- | ------- | ------------ | ----- | - | -- |
| | Liberal | James Thomas | 173 | | |
| | Liberal | John George | 66 | | |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
The '''first election to [[Pembrokeshire County Council, 1889-1974|Pembrokeshire County Council]]''', was held in January 1889.<ref name="PH 18-1-89 res">{{cite news|title=County Council Elections|url=http://welshnewspapers.llgc.org.uk/en/page/view/3061962/ART10|accessdate=13 February 2014|newspaper=Pembrokeshire Herald|date=18 January 1889}}</ref> It was followed by the [[1892 Pembrokeshire County Council election|1892 election]]. The county was divided into numerous single member wards with two or more councillors elected to represent [[Tenby]] and [[Pembroke Dock]].
{{TOC right}}
==Overview of the result==
1889 was a landmark year in the history of Welsh Liberalism, a coming of age symbolized by the triumph across Wales of [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] candidates in the inaugural county council elections. The Liberal triumph in Pembrokeshire was not as complete as in other Welsh counties but was nevertheless significant. In the north of the county a number of landed gentry were defeated including [[James Bevan Bowen (MP)|James Bevan Bowen]] of Llwyngwair, former MP for the county of Pembrokeshire.
There were only nine unopposed returns, most of whom were Liberals.
==Ward Results==
===Ambleston===
{{Election box begin | title= Ambleston 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = David Morris
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Amroth===
{{Election box begin | title= Amroth 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate =Sackville Herbert Owen
|votes = 191
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = R. Phillips
|votes = 87
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 104
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 277
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Begelly===
{{Election box begin | title= Begelly 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Henry Seymour Allen
|votes = 161
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = R. H. Buckby
|votes = 78
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 83
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 239
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Burton===
{{Election box begin | title= Burton 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Sir Owen H. P. Scourfield, Bart
|votes = 287
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = James James
|votes = 97
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 190
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 384
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Camrose===
{{Election box begin | title= Camrose 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = W.J. Owen
|votes = 152
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = R.P.L. Penn
|votes = 111
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 41
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 263
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Carew===
{{Election box begin | title= Carew 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = [[Henry George Allen|H. G. Allen, Q.C.]]
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Clydey===
{{Election box begin | title= Clydey 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Lemuel Jones
|votes = 174
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = J. Vaughan Colby
|votes = 72
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 102
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 246
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Castlemartin===
{{Election box begin | title= Castlemartin 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = [[John Frederick Vaughan Campbell, 2nd Earl Cawdor|Earl Cawdor]]
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Eglwyswrw===
{{Election box begin | title= Eglwyswrw 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = T. Williams
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Fishguard===
{{Election box begin | title= Fishguard 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = J. Worthington
|votes = 218
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = William James
|votes = 77
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 142
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 295
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Haverfordwest St Mary's===
{{Election box begin | title= Haverfordwest St Mary's 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = S. Thomas
|votes = 275
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = E. White
|votes = 133
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 142
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 408
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Haverfordwest, Prendergast and Uzmaston===
{{Election box begin | title= Haverfordwest, Prendergast and Uzmaston 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Thomas James
|votes = 123
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Rev J. Jenkins
|votes = 121
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Henry Davies
|votes = 6
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 2
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 250
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Haverfordwest, St Thomas and Furzy Park===
{{Election box begin | title= Haverfordwest, St Thomas and Furzy Park 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = R. T. P. Williams
|votes = 204
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = William Williams
|votes = 86
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 118
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 290
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Haverfordwest St Martin's===
{{Election box begin | title= St Martin's 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = J. Thomas
|votes = 101
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = E. Vaughan
|votes = 95
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 6
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 196
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Kilgerran===
{{Election box begin | title= Kilgerran 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = John Evans
|votes = 158
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = E. Gower
|votes = 149
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 9
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 307
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Lampeter Velfrey===
{{Election box begin | title= Lampeter Velfrey 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Rev Lewis James
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Llanfyrnach===
{{Election box begin | title= Llanfyrnach 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = E.H. James
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Llanwnda===
{{Election box begin | title= Llanwnda 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = W. Williams
|votes = 187
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = E. Perkins
|votes = 57
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = C. Mathias
|votes = 25
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 130
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 269
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Llawhaden===
{{Election box begin | title= Llawhaden 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = William Jones
|votes = 175
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Richard John
|votes = 133
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 42
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 308
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Independent (politician)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Llangwm===
{{Election box begin | title= Llangwm 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = R. Carrow
|votes = 171
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = W.J. Avery
|votes = 33
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 138
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 204
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Llanstadwell===
{{Election box begin | title= Llanstadwell 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = J.H. Coram
|votes = 232
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = D. A. L. M'AIpin
|votes = 133
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 99
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 365
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Independent (politician)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Maenclochog===
{{Election box begin | title= Maenclochog 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Rev W. Griffiths
|votes = 175
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = J. P. Bushell
|votes = 85
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = David Davies
|votes = 49
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 90
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 309
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Manorbier===
{{Election box begin | title= Manorbier 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = C. W. R. Stokes
|votes = 159
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = W. Gibbs
|votes = 111
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 48
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 270
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Mathry===
{{Election box begin | title= Mathry 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = T. E. Thomas
|votes = 208
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = J. Reynolds
|votes = 48
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 160
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 256
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Milford===
{{Election box begin | title= Milford 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Dr Griffith
|votes = 237
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = J. Ll. Davies
|votes = 132
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 105
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 369
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Monkton===
{{Election box begin | title= Monkton 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Col. Morgan J. Saurin
|votes = 175
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = W. Carey Rees
|votes = 89
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 86
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 261
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Nevern===
{{Election box begin | title= Nevern 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = J. Griffiths
|votes = 192
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = [[James Bevan Bowen (MP)|James Bevan Bowen]]
|votes = 167
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 25
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 359
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Newport===
{{Election box begin | title= Newport 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Dr D. Havard
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Narberth North===
{{Election box begin | title= Narberth North 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = R. Ward
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Pembroke (two seats)===
{{Election box begin | title= Pembroke 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = R. George
|votes = 347
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Dr W.J. Morrison
|votes = 293
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = H. Mathias
|votes = 261
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Rev D.P. Davies
|votes = 143
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,044
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Pembroke Dock (five seats)===
None of the candidates were said to have openly run on political lines and no meetings took place during the campaign.<ref name="PH 18-1-89 res" />
{{Election box begin | title= Pembroke Dock 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = D. Hughes Brown
|votes = 926
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = W. E. Seccombe
|votes = 865
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = J. Williams
|votes = 824
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Isaac Smedley
|votes = 706
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Dr J.F. Stamper
|votes = 595
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = J. Davie
|votes = 529
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = S. Jenkins
|votes = 426
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Rev J.S. Allen
|votes = 323
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = A.E. Owen
|votes = 263
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 5,457
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===St David's===
{{Election box begin | title= St David's 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = D. P. Williams
|votes = 204
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = W. D. Propert
|votes = 135
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 69
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 369
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===St Dogmaels===
{{Election box begin | title= St Dogmaels 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = J. Rees
|votes = 159
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = E. C. Phillips
|votes = 154
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 5
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 314
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===St Ishmaels===
{{Election box begin | title= St Ishmaels 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = [[William Edwardes, 4th Baron Kensington|Lord Kensington]]
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===St Issels===
{{Election box begin | title= St Issels 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = C. R. Vickerman
|votes = 236
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Major J. Birtwhistle
|votes = 27
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 209
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 263
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Slebech and Martletwy===
{{Election box begin | title= Slebech and Martletwy 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Sir Charles Philipps
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Staynton===
{{Election box begin | title= Staynton 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = J.T. Fisher
|votes = 156
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = J. George
|votes = 85
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 71
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 241
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Tenby (two seats)===
{{Election box begin | title= Tenby 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = W. H. Richards
|votes = 250
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Mathias Thomas
|votes = 236
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = N.A. Roch
|votes = 157
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party =
|candidate = J.A. Jenkins
|votes = 126
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = B.G. Gifford
|votes = 52
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 821
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Walwyn's Castle===
{{Election box begin | title= Walwyn's Castle 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = W. Howell Walters
|votes = 150
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Capt. Goldwyer
|votes = 80
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 70
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 230
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Independent
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Whitchurch===
{{Election box begin | title= Whitchurch 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = John Thomas
|votes = 205
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = G. D. Harries
|votes = 120
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 85
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 325
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Wiston===
{{Election box begin | title= Wiston 1889}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Captain Higgon
|votes = Unopposed
|percentage = ''N/A''
|change = ''N/A''
}}
{{Election box new seat win|
|winner = Conservative Party (UK)
|swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
==Election of Aldermen==
In addition to the 51 councillors the council consisted of 16 county aldermen. [[Aldermen]] were elected by the council, and served a six-year term. Following the election of the initial sixteen aldermen, half of the aldermanic bench would be elected every three years following the triennial council election. After the initial elections, there were sixteen aldermanic vacancies and the following Alderman were appointed by the newly elected council (with the number of votes cast recorded in each case). A second vote was held to determine which aldermen should retire in three years.<ref name="PH 25-1-89 CC aldermen">{{cite news|title=Pembrokeshire County Council. Election of Aldermen.|url=http://newspapers.library.wales/view/3061965/3061967/7|accessdate=4 November 2016|newspaper=Pembrokeshire Herald|date=25 March 1889|page=2}}</ref>
'''Elected for six years'''
*H. Allen, Liberal (elected councillor for Carew) 42
*[[William Edwardes, 4th Baron Kensington|Lord Kensington]], Liberal (elected councillor for St Ishmaels) 42
*[[James Bevan Bowen (MP)|J. Bevan Bowen]], Conservative (defeated candidate at Nevern) 31
*Jno Thomas, Llether 30, Liberal
*W. Gibbs, Hodgeston 29, Liberal
*W. Williams, Haverfordwest 27, Liberal
*N.A. Roch, Tenby, Conservative (defeated candidate at Tenby) 24
*Captain Higgon 23, Conservative (elected councillor for Wiston)
'''Elected for three years'''
*W.E. Seccombe, Liberal (elected councillor for Pembroke Dock) 32
*G.P. Brewer, Narberth 29, Liberal
*R, Thomas, Trebover 29, Liberal
*W. Evans, Bletherston 28, Liberal
*Ben Rees, Granant 28, Liberal
*H. Jno Thomas, Lochturfin 28, Liberal
*W. Watts Williams, St David's 28, Liberal
*Sir Charles Philipps, Conservative (elected councillor for Slebech and Martletwy) 22
==By-elections==
Five vacancies were caused by the election of aldermen.
===Pembroke Dock by-election===
The election to replace the Mayor of Pembroke was fought on political lines.<ref name="PH 15-2-89 by-el">{{cite news|title=The County Councils|url=http://newspapers.library.wales/view/3061980/3061982/5|accessdate=7 November 2016|newspaper=Pembrokeshire Herald|date=15 February 1889|page=2}}</ref>
{{Election box begin | title = Pembroke Dock by-election 1889 }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Thomas George Seccombe
|votes = 751
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = William Henry Gibby
|votes = 587
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = Albert Edward Owen
|votes = 27
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===St Ishmaels by-election===
The election which followed the elevation of Lord Kensington was not fought on political lines.
{{Election box begin | title = St Ishmaels by-election 1889 }}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = James Thomas
|votes = 173
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = John George
|votes = 66
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Pembrokeshire elections}}
{{United Kingdom local elections, 1889}}
[[Category:Pembrokeshire County Council elections|1889]]
[[Category:19th century in Pembrokeshire]]
[[Category:1889 Welsh local elections|Pembrokeshire]]
| 1,236,214,633 |
[]
| false |
# 1889 Philadelphia Athletics season
The 1889 Philadelphia Athletics finished with a 75–58 record and finished in third place in the American Association.
## Regular season
### Season standings
| Team | W | L | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| ------------------------ | -- | --- | ---- | --- | ---- | ---- |
| Brooklyn Bridegrooms | 93 | 44 | .679 | — | 50–19 | 43–25 |
| St. Louis Browns | 90 | 45 | .667 | 2 | 51–18 | 39–27 |
| Philadelphia Athletics | 75 | 58 | .564 | 16 | 46–22 | 29–36 |
| Cincinnati Red Stockings | 76 | 63 | .547 | 18 | 47–26 | 29–37 |
| Baltimore Orioles | 70 | 65 | .519 | 22 | 40–24 | 30–41 |
| Columbus Solons | 60 | 78 | .435 | 33½ | 36–33 | 24–45 |
| Kansas City Cowboys | 55 | 82 | .401 | 38 | 35–35 | 20–47 |
| Louisville Colonels | 27 | 111 | .196 | 66½ | 18–46 | 9–65 |
### Record vs. opponents
| Baltimore | — | 8–12 | 8–11–2 | 12–8 | 11–7 | 16–4 | 8–11 | 7–12–2 |
| Brooklyn | 12–8 | — | 15–5 | 11–8–2 | 16–4 | 19–1 | 12–7–1 | 8–11 |
| Cincinnati | 11–8–2 | 5–15 | — | 11–9 | 14–6 | 18–2 | 9–11 | 8–12 |
| Columbus | 8–12 | 8–11–2 | 9–11 | — | 9–11 | 13–7 | 7–12 | 6–14 |
| Kansas City | 7–11 | 4–16 | 6–14 | 11–9 | — | 13–6 | 8–12–1 | 6–14–1 |
| Louisville | 4–16 | 1–19 | 2–18 | 7–13 | 6–13 | — | 5–14–1 | 2–18–1 |
| Philadelphia | 11–8 | 7–12–1 | 11–9 | 12–7 | 12–8–1 | 14–5–1 | — | 8–9–2 |
| St. Louis | 12–7–2 | 11–8 | 12–8 | 14–6 | 14–6–1 | 18–2–1 | 9–8–2 | — |
## Player stats
### Batting
#### Starters by position
Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in
| Pos | Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | ---------------- | --- | --- | --- | ---- | -- | --- |
| C | Wilbert Robinson | 69 | 264 | 61 | .231 | 0 | 28 |
| 1B | Henry Larkin | 133 | 516 | 164 | .318 | 3 | 74 |
| 2B | Lou Bierbauer | 130 | 549 | 167 | .304 | 7 | 105 |
| SS | Frank Fennelly | 138 | 513 | 132 | .257 | 1 | 64 |
| 3B | Denny Lyons | 131 | 510 | 168 | .329 | 9 | 82 |
| OF | Harry Stovey | 137 | 556 | 171 | .308 | 19 | 119 |
| OF | Curt Welch | 125 | 516 | 140 | .271 | 0 | 39 |
| OF | Blondie Purcell | 129 | 507 | 160 | .316 | 0 | 85 |
#### Other batters
Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in
| Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| -------------- | -- | --- | -- | ---- | -- | --- |
| Lave Cross | 55 | 199 | 44 | .221 | 0 | 23 |
| Jack Brennan | 31 | 113 | 25 | .221 | 0 | 15 |
| Mike Mattimore | 23 | 73 | 17 | .233 | 1 | 8 |
| Tom Gunning | 8 | 24 | 6 | .250 | 1 | 1 |
| James Graham | 4 | 18 | 3 | .167 | 0 | 0 |
| Bill Collins | 1 | 4 | 1 | .250 | 0 | 1 |
### Pitching
#### Starting pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| ---------------- | -- | ----- | -- | -- | ---- | --- |
| Gus Weyhing | 54 | 449.0 | 30 | 21 | 2.95 | 213 |
| Ed Seward | 39 | 320.0 | 21 | 15 | 3.97 | 102 |
| Sadie McMahon | 28 | 242.0 | 14 | 12 | 3.53 | 117 |
| George Bausewine | 7 | 55.1 | 1 | 4 | 3.90 | 18 |
| Phenomenal Smith | 5 | 43.0 | 2 | 3 | 4.40 | 12 |
| John Coleman | 5 | 34.0 | 3 | 2 | 2.91 | 6 |
| Ed Knouff | 3 | 25.0 | 2 | 0 | 3.96 | 5 |
#### Other pitchers
Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts
| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| -------------- | - | ---- | - | - | ---- | -- |
| Mike Mattimore | 5 | 31.0 | 2 | 1 | 5.81 | 6 |
|
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enwiki
| 15,656,016 |
1889 Philadelphia Athletics season
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1889_Philadelphia_Athletics_season
|
2023-11-11T15:33:05Z
|
en
|
Q4556365
| 65,064 |
{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2013}}
{{Infobox baseball team season
| name = Philadelphia Athletics
| season = 1889
| misc =
| league = American Association (19th century){{!}}American Association
| ballpark = [[Jefferson Street Grounds]]
| city = [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]
| owners = [[Bill Sharsig]], [[H. C. Pennypacker]], [[William Whittaker (baseball)|William Whittaker]]
| manager = [[Bill Sharsig]]
| television =
| radio =
|}}
The '''1889 [[Philadelphia Athletics (American Association)|Philadelphia Athletics]]''' finished with a 75–58 record and finished in third place in the [[American Association (19th century)|American Association]].
== Regular season ==
=== Season standings ===
{{1889 American Association standings|highlight=Philadelphia Athletics}}
=== Record vs. opponents ===
{{1889 American Association Record vs. opponents|team=PHI}}
=== Opening Day lineup ===
=== Roster ===
{| class="toccolours" style="font-size: 95%;"
|-
! colspan="10" style="background-color: black; color: white; text-align: center;" | 1889 Philadelphia Athletics
|-
| colspan="10" style="background-color: white; color: black; text-align: center;" | '''Roster'''
|-
| valign="top" | '''Pitchers'''
{{MLBplayer||[[George Bausewine]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[John Coleman (outfielder/pitcher)|John Coleman]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Ed Knouff]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Sadie McMahon]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Ed Seward]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Phenomenal Smith]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Gus Weyhing]]}}
| width="25px" |
| valign="top" | '''Catchers'''
{{MLBplayer||[[Jack Brennan (baseball)|Jack Brennan]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Bill Collins (catcher)|Bill Collins]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Lave Cross]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Tom Gunning]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Wilbert Robinson]]}}
'''Infielders'''
{{MLBplayer||[[Lou Bierbauer]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Frank Fennelly]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[James Graham (baseball)|James Graham]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Henry Larkin]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Denny Lyons]]}}
| width="25px" |
| valign="top" | '''Outfielders'''
{{MLBplayer||[[Mike Mattimore]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Blondie Purcell]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Harry Stovey]]}}
{{MLBplayer||[[Curt Welch]]}}
| width="25px" |
| valign="top" | '''Manager'''
{{MLBplayer||[[Bill Sharsig]]}}
|}
== Player stats ==
=== Batting ===
==== Starters by position ====
''Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Pos
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="16%" | Player
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | G
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | AB
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | H
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | Avg.
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | HR
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | RBI
|- align="center"
| C || {{sortname|Wilbert|Robinson}} || 69 || 264 || 61 || .231 || 0 || 28
|- align="center"
| 1B || {{sortname|Henry|Larkin}} || 133 || 516 || 164 || .318 || 3 || 74
|- align="center"
| 2B || {{sortname|Lou|Bierbauer}} || 130 || 549 || 167 || .304 || 7 || 105
|- align="center"
| SS || {{sortname|Frank|Fennelly}} || 138 || 513 || 132 || .257 || 1 || 64
|- align="center"
| 3B || {{sortname|Denny|Lyons}} || 131 || 510 || 168 || .329 || 9 || 82
|- align="center"
| OF || {{sortname|Harry|Stovey}} || 137 || 556 || 171 || .308 || 19 || 119
|- align="center"
| OF || {{sortname|Curt|Welch}} || 125 || 516 || 140 || .271 || 0 || 39
|- align="center"
| OF || {{sortname|Blondie|Purcell}} || 129 || 507 || 160 || .316 || 0 || 85
|}
==== Other batters ====
''Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="16%" | Player
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | G
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | AB
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | H
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | Avg.
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | HR
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | RBI
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Lave|Cross}} || 55 || 199 || 44 || .221 || 0 || 23
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Jack|Brennan|Jack Brennan (baseball)}} || 31 || 113 || 25 || .221 || 0 || 15
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Mike|Mattimore}} || 23 || 73 || 17 || .233 || 1 || 8
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Tom|Gunning}} || 8 || 24 || 6 || .250 || 1 || 1
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|James|Graham|James Graham (baseball)}} || 4 || 18 || 3 || .167 || 0 || 0
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Bill|Collins|Bill Collins (catcher)}} || 1 || 4 || 1 || .250 || 0 || 1
|}
=== Pitching ===
==== Starting pitchers ====
''Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="16%" | Player
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | G
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | IP
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | W
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | L
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | ERA
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | SO
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Gus|Weyhing}} || 54 || 449.0 || 30 || 21 || 2.95 || 213
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Ed|Seward}} || 39 || 320.0 || 21 || 15 || 3.97 || 102
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Sadie|McMahon}} || 28 || 242.0 || 14 || 12 || 3.53 || 117
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|George|Bausewine}} || 7 || 55.1 || 1 || 4 || 3.90 || 18
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Phenomenal|Smith}} || 5 || 43.0 || 2 || 3 || 4.40 || 12
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|John|Coleman|John Coleman (outfielder/pitcher)}} || 5 || 34.0 || 3 || 2 || 2.91 || 6
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Ed|Knouff}} || 3 || 25.0 || 2 || 0 || 3.96 || 5
|- align="center"
|}
==== Other pitchers ====
''Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts''
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="16%" | Player
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | G
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | IP
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | W
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | L
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | ERA
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="9%" | SO
|- align="center"
| {{sortname|Mike|Mattimore}} || 5 || 31.0 || 2 || 1 || 5.81 || 6
|}
== References ==
* [https://www.baseball-reference.com/teams/PHA/1889.shtml 1889 Philadelphia Athletics team page at Baseball Reference]
{{1889 MLB season by team}}
[[Category:Philadelphia Athletics (AA) seasons]]
[[Category:1889 Major League Baseball season|Philadelphia Athletics season]]
[[Category:1889 in sports in Pennsylvania|Philly]]
{{baseball-season-stub}}
{{Philadelphia-sport-stub}}
| 1,184,617,016 |
[{"title": "1889 Philadelphia Athletics", "data": {"League": "American Association", "Ballpark": "Jefferson Street Grounds", "City": "Philadelphia, Pennsylvania", "Owners": "Bill Sharsig, H. C. Pennypacker, William Whittaker", "Manager": "Bill Sharsig"}}]
| false |
# 1778 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).
## Works published in English
### United Kingdom
- John Codrington Bampfylde, Sixteen Sonnets[1]
- William Combe, The Auction[1]
- George Ellis, writing under the pen name "Sir Gregory Gander", Poetical Tales[1]
- William Hayley, A Poetical Epistle to an Eminent Painter, published anonymously; addressed to George Romney[1]
- Vicesimus Knox, Cursory Thoughts on Satire and Satirists, a critical essay[2]
- John Scott, Moral Eclogues, published anonymously[1]
- Percival Stockdale, Inquiry into the Nature and Genuine Laws of Poetry; including a particular Defence of the Writings and Genius of Mr. Pope[2]
- John Wolcot, writing under the pen name "Peter Pindar", A Poetical, Supplicating, Modest and Affecting Epistle to those Literary Colossuses the Reviewers[1]
### United States
- Joel Barlow, The Prospect of Peace[3]
- William Billings, Chester[3]
- Francis Hopkinson:
- "The Battle of the Kegs", United States[4]
- "Date Obolum Bellisario"[3]
- "The Birds, the Beasts, and the Bat"[3]
## Works published in other languages
- Ippolit Bogdanovich, Dushenka, a long poem and his best-known work, Russia
- Johannes Ewald, Kong Christian stod ved höjen Mast ("King Christian Stood by the Lofty mast"), a popular song in his melodrama The Fishermen, which later became the Danish national anthem (Henry Wadsworth Longfellow later translated it into English)[5]
- Johann Gottfried Herder - Volkslieder nebst untermischten anderen Stücken
- Évariste de Parny - Les Poésies érotiques
## Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
- February 6 – Ugo Foscolo (died 1827), Italian writer, revolutionary and poet
- April 10 – William Hazlitt (died 1830), English writer, essayist and critic
- August 22 – James Kirke Paulding (died 1860), American novelist, poet and United States Secretary of the Navy;[6] a writer for Salamagundi magazine who took it over before it failed
- September 9 – Clemens Brentano (died 1842), German poet and novelist
- December 22 – Anna Maria Porter (died 1832), English poet and novelist
- Robert Davidson (died 1855), Scottish peasant poet
## Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
- May 30 – Voltaire (born 1694), French Enlightenment writer, poet, essayist and philosopher
- August 11 – Augustus Toplady (born 1740), English Anglican clergyman, poet and hymn-writer
- Rob Donn (born 1714), Scottish Gaelic poet
|
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|
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| 9,346,525 |
1778 in poetry
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1778_in_poetry
|
2024-06-27T19:29:27Z
|
en
|
Q4553182
| 72,173 |
{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1778|poetry|literature}}
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, [[Irish poetry|Irish]] or [[French poetry|France]]).
==Events==
{{main|1778}}
==Works published in English==
===[[English poetry|United Kingdom]]===
* [[John Codrington Bampfylde]], ''Sixteen Sonnets''<ref name=cocel>Cox, Michael, editor, ''The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature'', Oxford University Press, 2004, {{ISBN|0-19-860634-6}}</ref>
* [[William Combe]], ''The Auction''<ref name=cocel/>
* [[George Ellis (poet)|George Ellis]], writing under the [[pen name]] "Sir Gregory Gander", ''Poetical Tales''<ref name=cocel/>
* [[William Hayley]], ''A Poetical Epistle to an Eminent Painter'', published anonymously; addressed to [[George Romney (painter)|George Romney]]<ref name=cocel/>
* [[Vicesimus Knox]], ''Cursory Thoughts on Satire and Satirists'', a critical essay<ref name=fbacbf>Clark, Alexander Frederick Bruce, [https://books.google.com/books?id=9385ZgRwSy4C ''Boileau and the French Classical Critics in England (1660-1830)''], p 50, Franklin, Burt, 1971, {{ISBN|978-0-8337-4046-5}}, retrieved via Google Books on February 13, 2010</ref>
* [[John Scott of Amwell|John Scott]], ''Moral Eclogues'', published anonymously<ref name=cocel/>
* [[Percival Stockdale]], ''Inquiry into the Nature and Genuine Laws of Poetry; including a particular Defence of the Writings and Genius of [[Alexander Pope|Mr. Pope]]''<ref name=fbacbf/>
* [[John Wolcot]], writing under the [[pen name]] "Peter Pindar", ''A Poetical, Supplicating, Modest and Affecting Epistle to those Literary Colossuses the Reviewers''<ref name=cocel/>
===[[American poetry|United States]]===
* [[Joel Barlow]], ''The Prospect of Peace''<ref name=rmlaal>Ludwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., ''Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983'', 1986, New York: Oxford University Press</ref>
* [[William Billings]], ''Chester''<ref name=rmlaal/>
* [[Francis Hopkinson]]:
** "The Battle of the Kegs", [[American poetry|United States]]<ref name=gceafd>Carruth, Gorton, ''The Encyclopedia of American Facts and Dates'', ninth edition, HarperCollins, 1993</ref>
** "Date Obolum Bellisario"<ref name=rmlaal/>
** "The Birds, the Beasts, and the Bat"<ref name=rmlaal/>
==Works published in other languages==
* [[Ippolit Bogdanovich]], ''Dushenka'', a long poem and his best-known work, [[Russian literature|Russia]]
* [[Johannes Ewald]], ''Kong Christian stod ved höjen Mast'' ("King Christian Stood by the Lofty mast"), a popular song in his melodrama ''The Fishermen'', which later became the [[Danish poetry|Danish]] national anthem ([[Henry Wadsworth Longfellow]] later translated it into English)<ref>Giovanni Bach, Richard Beck, Adolph B. Benson, Axel Johan Uppvall, and others, translated in part and edited by [[Frederika Vern Blankner|Frederika Blankner]], ''The History of the Scandinavian Literatures: A Survey of the Literatures of the Norway, Sweden, Denamark, Iceland and Finland From Their Origins to the Present Day,'' p 178, Dial Press, 1938, New York</ref>
* [[Johann Gottfried Herder]] - ''Volkslieder nebst untermischten anderen Stücken''
* [[Évariste de Parny]] - ''Les Poésies érotiques''
==Births==
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
* February 6 – [[Ugo Foscolo]] (died [[1827 in poetry|1827]]), Italian writer, revolutionary and poet
* April 10 – [[William Hazlitt]] (died [[1830 in poetry|1830]]), English writer, essayist and critic
* August 22 – [[James Kirke Paulding]] (died [[1860 in poetry|1860]]), [[American poetry|American]] novelist, poet and [[United States Secretary of the Navy]];<ref name=ucapb>Web page titled [https://www.lib.uchicago.edu/efts/AmPo1/AmPo.bib.html "American Poetry Full-Text Database / Bibliography" at University of Chicago Library website, retrieved March 4, 2009]</ref> a writer for ''[[Salmagundi (periodical)|Salamagundi]]'' magazine who took it over before it failed
* September 9 – [[Clemens Brentano]] (died [[1842 in poetry|1842]]), [[German poetry|German]] poet and novelist
* December 22 – [[Anna Maria Porter]] (died [[1832 in poetry|1832]]), [[English poetry|English]] poet and novelist
* [[Robert Davidson (poet)|Robert Davidson]] (died [[1855 in poetry|1855]]), [[Scottish people|Scottish]] peasant poet
==Deaths==
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
* May 30 – [[Voltaire]] (born [[1694 in poetry|1694]]), [[French poetry|French]] Enlightenment writer, poet, essayist and philosopher
* August 11 – [[Augustus Toplady]] (born [[1740 in poetry|1740]]), [[English poetry|English]] Anglican clergyman, poet and hymn-writer
* [[Rob Donn]] (born [[1714 in poetry|1714]]), [[Scottish poetry|Scottish]] [[Gaelic poetry|Gaelic]] poet
==See also==
{{portal|Poetry}}
* [[18th century in literature]]
* [[18th century in poetry]]
* [[French literature of the 18th century]]
* [[List of years in poetry]]
* [[List of years in literature]]
* [[Sturm und Drang]] (the conventional translation is "Storm and Stress"; a more literal translation, however, might be "storm and urge", "storm and longing", "storm and drive" or "storm and impulse"), a movement in [[German poetry|German]] literature (including poetry) and music from the late 1760s through the early 1780s
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{Poetry of different cultures and languages}}
{{Lists of poets}}
[[Category:18th-century poetry]]
[[Category:1778|Poetry]]
| 1,231,330,756 |
[]
| false |
# 1842 United States elections
Elections occurred in the middle of President John Tyler's term, during the Second Party System. Tyler had become president on April 4, 1841, upon the death of his predecessor, William Henry Harrison. Elected as vice president on the Whig ticket with Harrison in 1840, Tyler was expelled from the party in September 1841. Members of the 28th United States Congress were chosen in this election. Florida joined the union during the 28th Congress. Whigs kept control of the Senate, but lost control of the House.
Following the 1840 census, the size of the House was reduced by 19 seats. Democrats won massive gains, turning a commanding Whig majority into a dominant Democratic majority.
In the Senate, Democrats picked up one seat, but Whigs retained the majority.
|
enwiki/43184746
|
enwiki
| 43,184,746 |
1842 United States elections
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1842_United_States_elections
|
2025-02-09T17:36:00Z
|
en
|
Q18356867
| 66,792 |
{{Short description|none}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox United States elections
| year = 1842
| type = ''[[United States midterm election|Midterm elections]]''
| election_day =
| incumbent_president = [[John Tyler]] (Independent)<ref>Tyler was elected vice president on the Whig ticket in the 1840 presidential election, and became president after the death of [[William Henry Harrison]] in April 1841. Due to various disagreements with congressional Whigs, he was expelled from the Whig Party in September 1841.</ref>
| next_congress = [[28th United States Congress|28th]]
| senate_control = <span style="color:#A52A2A">Whig hold</span>
| senate_seats_contested = 17 of 52 seats<ref>Not counting special elections.</ref>
| senate_net_change = Democratic +3<ref name="nospecial">Congressional seat gain figures only reflect the results of the regularly-scheduled elections, and do not take special elections into account.</ref>
| house_control = <span style="color:blue">Democratic gain</span>
| house_seats_contested = All 223 voting seats
| house_net_change = Democratic +49<ref name="nospecial"/>
}}
[[Elections in the United States|Elections]] occurred in the middle of President [[John Tyler]]'s term, during the [[Second Party System]]. Tyler had become president on April 4, 1841, upon the death of his predecessor, [[William Henry Harrison]]. Elected as vice president on the [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] ticket with Harrison in 1840, Tyler was expelled from the party in September 1841. Members of the [[28th United States Congress]] were chosen in this election. [[Florida]] joined the union during the 28th Congress. Whigs kept control of the Senate, but lost control of the House.
Following the [[1840 census]], the size of the [[United States House of Representatives|House]] was [[United States Congressional apportionment|reduced]] by 19 seats. [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrats]] won massive gains, turning a commanding Whig majority into a dominant Democratic majority.<ref name="House Party Divisions">{{cite web|title=Party Divisions of the House of Representatives|url=http://history.house.gov/Institution/Party-Divisions/Party-Divisions/|publisher=United States House of Representatives|access-date=25 June 2014}}</ref>
In the [[United States Senate|Senate]], Democrats picked up one seat, but Whigs retained the majority.<ref name=SenatePartyDivision>{{cite web|title=Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present|url=https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/history/one_item_and_teasers/partydiv.htm|publisher=United States Senate|access-date=25 June 2014}}</ref>
==See also==
*[[1842–43 United States House of Representatives elections]]
*[[1842–43 United States Senate elections]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{United States elections}}
[[Category:1842 elections in the United States| ]]
[[Category:General elections in the United States|1842]]
[[Category:United States midterm elections]]
{{US-election-stub}}
| 1,274,861,485 |
[{"title": "1842 United States elections", "data": {"Incumbent president": "John Tyler (Independent)", "Next Congress": "28th"}}, {"title": "Senate elections", "data": {"Overall control": "Whig hold", "Seats contested": "17 of 52 seats", "Net seat change": "Democratic +3"}}, {"title": "House elections", "data": {"Overall control": "Democratic gain", "Seats contested": "All 223 voting seats", "Net seat change": "Democratic +49"}}]
| false |
# 1820s in sociology
- 1810s
- 1820s in sociology
- 1830s
- Fashion
The following events related to sociology occurred in the 1820s.
## 1820
Events
- Thomas Malthus's Principles of Political Economy is published.[1]
Births
- April 27: Herbert Spencer
- November 28: Friedrich Engels
Events
- Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's Social Classes is published.
## 1822
Events
- Auguste Comte's Plan of scientific studies necessary for the reorganization of society
- G. W. F. Hegel's Elements of the Philosophy of Right
## 1824
Events
- Henri de Saint-Simon's Catéchisme des industriels is published.
## 1826
Events
- Auguste Comte' The Crisis of Industrial Civilization
|
enwiki/1859139
|
enwiki
| 1,859,139 |
1820s in sociology
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1820s_in_sociology
|
2025-03-13T22:06:22Z
|
en
|
Q4554151
| 20,733 |
{{short description|none}}
{{More citations needed|date=February 2024}}
{{Decade in topic sidebar}}
The following events related to [[sociology]] occurred in the 1820s.
==1820==
'''Events'''
*[[Thomas Malthus]]'s ''[[Principles of Political Economy (Malthus book)|Principles of Political Economy]]'' is published.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Principles of Political Economy {{!}} Online Library of Liberty |url=https://oll.libertyfund.org/title/malthus-principles-of-political-economy |access-date=2024-02-06 |website=oll.libertyfund.org |language=en}}</ref>
'''Births'''
*April 27: [[Herbert Spencer]]
*November 28: [[Friedrich Engels]]
'''Events'''
*[[Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel]]'s ''[[Social Classes]]'' is published.
==1822==
'''Events'''
*[[Auguste Comte]]'s ''[[Plan of scientific studies necessary for the reorganization of society]]''
*[[G. W. F. Hegel]]'s ''[[Elements of the Philosophy of Right]]''
==1824==
'''Events'''
*[[Henri de Saint-Simon]]'s ''[[Catéchisme des industriels]]'' is published.
==1826==
'''Events'''
*[[Auguste Comte]]' ''[[The Crisis of Industrial Civilization]]''
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1820s In Sociology}}
[[Category:1820s in science|Sociology]]
[[Category:Sociology timelines]]
| 1,280,317,651 |
[]
| false |
# 100 Ton Chicken
100 Ton Chicken is the third studio album by the blues band, Chicken Shack, released in 1969. This album was Paul Raymond's first album as a member of Chicken Shack, replacing Christine Perfect.
Unlike its predecessors, 40 Blue Fingers, Freshly Packed and Ready to Serve and O.K. Ken?, 100 Ton Chicken did not reach the UK Albums Chart. AllMusic noted "Sorry, but this chicken laid a 20-ton rotten egg".
The entire album and the rest of the Chicken Shack sessions on Blue Horizon were made available on the CD compilation Chicken Shack - The Complete Blue Horizon Sessions (2007). Several outtakes from the 100 Ton Chicken sessions were made available for the first time on this compilation. "Smartest Girl in the World" and "Hideaway" were both unpublished outtakes. "The Things You Put Me Through" was also an outtake but it had been released as the B side to the single "Tears in the Wind".
## Track listing
All songs written and composed by Stan Webb, except where noted.
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --------------------- | --------------------------------------- | ------ |
| 1. | "The Road of Love" | Clarence Carter | 3:30 |
| 2. | "Look Ma, I'm Cryin'" | Rudy Toombs, Jerry Harris, Windsor King | 3:25 |
| 3. | "Evelyn" | | 4:18 |
| 4. | "Reconsider Baby" | Lowell Fulson | 3:25 |
| 5. | "Weekend Love" | Clarence Carter | 2:14 |
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | ------------------------------ | -------------------------- | ------ |
| 1. | "Midnight Hour" | Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown | 2:55 |
| 2. | "Tears in the Wind" | | 2:45 |
| 3. | "Horse and Cart" | | 3:36 |
| 4. | "The Way It Is" | | 4:29 |
| 5. | "Still Worried About My Woman" | | 3:12 |
| 6. | "Anji" | Davey Graham | 1:39 |
## Personnel
### Chicken Shack
- Stan Webb – guitar, vocals
- Paul Raymond – keyboards, vocals
- Andy Sylvester – bass guitar
- Dave Bidwell – drums, congas, cowbell[4]
### Additional personnel
- Mike Vernon – finger cymbals[4]
### Production
- Producer – Mike Vernon
- Engineer – Mike Ross
- Studio – CBS
- Photography and design – Terence Ibbott[5]
|
enwiki/30228722
|
enwiki
| 30,228,722 |
100 Ton Chicken
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Ton_Chicken
|
2023-02-24T14:06:03Z
|
en
|
Q4546182
| 56,013 |
{{More citations needed|date=March 2016}}
{{Infobox album|
| name = 100 Ton Chicken
| type = studio
| artist = [[Chicken Shack]]
| cover = 100tonchicken.jpg
| alt =
| released = October 1969<ref>{{cite periodical |title=Album Reviews |periodical=New Musical Express|date=October 25, 1969 |page=12 |url= https://worldradiohistory.com/UK/New-Musical-Express/1969/New-Musical-Express-1969-10-25-OCR.pdf |access-date=15 September 2021}}</ref>
| recorded = 19 April – 11 May 1969
| venue =
| studio = [[Morgan Sound Studios]], [[Willesden]], London,
| genre = [[Blues]]
| length = 35:28
| label = [[Blue Horizon (record label)|Blue Horizon]]
| producer = [[Mike Vernon (record producer)|Mike Vernon]]
| prev_title = [[O.K. Ken?]]
| prev_year = 1969
| next_title = [[Accept (Chicken Shack album)|Accept]]
| next_year = 1970
}}
'''''100 Ton Chicken''''' is the third studio [[album]] by the [[blues]] band, [[Chicken Shack]], released in 1969. This album was [[Paul Raymond (musician)|Paul Raymond]]'s first album as a member of Chicken Shack, replacing [[Christine McVie|Christine Perfect]].<ref name="AMG">{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/100-ton-chicken-mw0000343023 |title=100 Ton Chicken - Chicken Shack | Songs, Reviews, Credits |publisher=[[AllMusic]] |date= |accessdate=2016-03-05}}</ref>
Unlike its predecessors, ''[[40 Blue Fingers, Freshly Packed and Ready to Serve]]'' and ''[[O.K. Ken?]]'', ''100 Ton Chicken'' did not reach the [[UK Albums Chart]].<ref name="British Hit Singles & Albums">{{cite book
| first= David
| last= Roberts
| year= 2006
| title= [[British Hit Singles & Albums]]
| edition= 19th
| publisher= Guinness World Records Limited
| location= London
| isbn= 1-904994-10-5
| page= 104}}</ref> [[AllMusic]] noted "Sorry, but this chicken laid a 20-ton rotten egg".<ref name="AMG"/>
The entire album and the rest of the Chicken Shack sessions on Blue Horizon were made available on the CD compilation ''Chicken Shack - The Complete Blue Horizon Sessions'' (2007). Several outtakes from the ''100 Ton Chicken'' sessions were made available for the first time on this compilation. "Smartest Girl in the World" and "Hideaway" were both unpublished outtakes. "The Things You Put Me Through" was also an outtake but it had been released as the B side to the single "Tears in the Wind".
==Track listing==
All songs written and composed by [[Stan Webb (guitarist)|Stan Webb]], except where noted.
{{Tracklist
| headline = Side one
| title1 = The Road of Love
| writer1 = [[Clarence Carter]]
| length1 = 3:30
| title2 = Look Ma, I'm Cryin'
| length2 = 3:25
| writer2 = [[Rudy Toombs]], Jerry Harris, Windsor King
| title3 = Evelyn
| length3 = 4:18
| title4 = [[Reconsider Baby]]
| writer4 = [[Lowell Fulson]]
| length4 = 3:25
| title5 = Weekend Love
| writer5 = [[Clarence Carter]]
| length5 = 2:14
}}
{{Tracklist
| headline = Side two
| title1 = Midnight Hour
| writer1 = [[Clarence "Gatemouth" Brown]]
| length1 = 2:55
| title2 = Tears in the Wind
| length2 = 2:45
| title3 = Horse and Cart
| length3 = 3:36
| title4 = The Way It Is
| length4 = 4:29
| title5 = Still Worried About My Woman
| length5 = 3:12
| title6 = [[Anji (instrumental)|Anji]]
| writer6 = [[Davey Graham]]
| length6 = 1:39
}}<ref name="AMG"/>
==Personnel==
===Chicken Shack===
*[[Stan Webb (guitarist)|Stan Webb]] – [[guitar]], [[Singing|vocals]]
*[[Paul Raymond (musician)|Paul Raymond]] – [[keyboard instrument|keyboards]], vocals
*[[Andy Sylvester]] – [[bass guitar]]
*Dave Bidwell – [[Drum kit|drums]], [[congas]], [[Cowbell (instrument)|cowbell]]<ref name="Credits">{{cite web|url=http://www.allmusic.com/album/100-ton-chicken-mw0000343023/credits |title=100 Ton Chicken - Chicken Shack | Credits |publisher=[[AllMusic]] |date= |accessdate=2016-03-05}}</ref>
===Additional personnel===
*[[Mike Vernon (producer)|Mike Vernon]] – [[finger cymbals]]<ref name="Credits"/>
===Production===
*Producer – Mike Vernon
*Engineer – Mike Ross
*Studio – [[Columbia Records|CBS]]
*Photography and design – Terence Ibbott<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.musiconvinyl.com/catalog/chicken-shack/100-ton-chicken#.VuDVoZMrJE4|title=CHICKEN SHACK - 100 TON CHICKEN - Catalog - Music On Vinyl|last=Vinyl|first=Music On|website=www.musiconvinyl.com|access-date=2016-03-10}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Chicken Shack}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1969 albums]]
[[Category:Chicken Shack albums]]
[[Category:Blue Horizon Records albums]]
[[Category:Albums produced by Mike Vernon (record producer)]]
| 1,141,326,725 |
[{"title": "Studio album by Chicken Shack", "data": {"Released": "October 1969", "Recorded": "19 April \u2013 11 May 1969", "Studio": "Morgan Sound Studios, Willesden, London", "Genre": "Blues", "Length": "35:28", "Label": "Blue Horizon", "Producer": "Mike Vernon"}}, {"title": "Chicken Shack chronology", "data": {"O.K. Ken? \u00b7 (1969)": "100 Ton Chicken \u00b7 (1969) \u00b7 Accept \u00b7 (1970)"}}, {"title": "Chicken Shack", "data": {"Studio albums": "40 Blue Fingers, Freshly Packed and Ready to Serve (1968) O.K. Ken? (1969) 100 Ton Chicken (1969) Accept (1970) Imagination Lady (1972) Unlucky Boy (1973)"}}]
| false |
# 1889 Portuguese legislative election
Parliamentary elections were held in Portugal on 20 October 1889. The result was a victory for the Progressive Party, which won 104 seats.
## Results
| Party | Party | Seats |
| ----------------------- | ------------------------------ | ----- |
| | Progressive Party | 104 |
| | Regenerator Party | 38 |
| | Portuguese Republican Party | 2 |
| | Other parties and independents | 8 |
| Total | Total | 152 |
| | | |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver | | |
The results exclude the six seats won at national level and those from overseas territories.
|
enwiki/34710202
|
enwiki
| 34,710,202 |
1889 Portuguese legislative election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1889_Portuguese_legislative_election
|
2025-02-22T17:10:59Z
|
en
|
Q7232735
| 52,835 |
{{short description|none}}
{{Infobox election
| country = Portugal
| flag_year = 1830
| type = Parliamentary
| previous_election = 1887 Portuguese legislative election
| previous_year = 1887
| next_election = 1890 Portuguese legislative election
| next_year = 1890
| seats_for_election = All seats in the [[Chamber of Deputies of Portugal (1822–1910)|Chamber of Deputies]]
| majority_seats =
| election_date = 20 October 1889
| turnout =
| party1 = Progressive Party (Portugal)
| leader1 = [[José Luciano de Castro]]
| image1 = {{CSS image crop|Image =José Luciano de Castro.png|bSize = 200|cWidth = 95|cHeight = 130|oTop =11|oLeft = 60}}
| seats1 = 104
| party2 = Regenerator Party
| leader2 = [[António de Serpa Pimentel]]
| image2 = {{CSS image crop|Image =Serpa_Pimentel.jpg|bSize = 110|cWidth = 95|cHeight = 130|oTop =0|oLeft = 11}}
| seats2 = 38
| party3 = Portuguese Republican Party
| leader3 = ''Political Directory''
| image3 = {{Eppt|Portuguese Republican Party|height=130|width=95}}
| seats3 = 2
| title = [[Prime Minister of Portugal|Prime Minister]]
| posttitle = Prime Minister after election
| before_election = [[José Luciano de Castro]]
| before_party = Progressive Party (Portugal)
| after_election = [[José Luciano de Castro]]
| after_party = Progressive Party (Portugal)
}}
Parliamentary elections were held in [[Portugal]] on 20 October 1889.<ref name=NS>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1541 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> The result was a victory for the [[Progressive Party (Portugal)|Progressive Party]], which won 104 seats.<ref name=N1>Nohlen & Stöver, p1556</ref>
==Results==
{{Election results
|image=[[File:Portugal Chamber of Deputies 1889.svg]]
|party1=[[Progressive Party (Portugal)|Progressive Party]]|votes1=|seats1=104
|party2=[[Regenerator Party]]|votes2=|seats2=38
|party3=[[Portuguese Republican Party]]|votes3=|seats3=2
|party4=Other parties and independents|votes4=|seats4=8
|invalid=
|total_sc=
|totalvotes=
|electorate=
|source=Nohlen & Stöver
}}
The results exclude the six seats won at national level and those from overseas territories.<ref name=N1/>
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Portuguese elections}}
[[Category:Legislative elections in Portugal]]
[[Category:1889 elections in Europe|Portugal]]
[[Category:1889 in Portugal|Legislative]]
[[Category:October 1889|Portugal]]
| 1,277,096,773 |
[{"title": "1889 Portuguese legislative election", "data": {"\u2190 1887": "20 October 1889 \u00b7 1890 \u2192"}}, {"title": "All seats in the Chamber of Deputies", "data": {"Leader": "Jos\u00e9 Luciano de Castro \u00b7 Ant\u00f3nio de Serpa Pimentel \u00b7 Political Directory", "Party": "Progressive \u00b7 Regenerator \u00b7 Republican", "Seats won": "104 \u00b7 38 \u00b7 2", "Prime Minister before election \u00b7 Jos\u00e9 Luciano de Castro \u00b7 Progressive": "Prime Minister after election \u00b7 Jos\u00e9 Luciano de Castro \u00b7 Progressive"}}]
| false |
# 1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election
The 1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 3, 1837. Incumbent governor and Democratic nominee Henry W. Edwards was re-elected, defeating former congressman and Whig nominee William W. Ellsworth with 52.53% of the vote.
## General election
### Candidates
Major party candidates
- Henry W. Edwards, Democratic
- William W. Ellsworth, Whig
### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------- | ---------------------------- | ------ | ------ | -- |
| | Democratic | Henry W. Edwards (incumbent) | 23,805 | 52.53% | |
| | Whig | William W. Ellsworth | 21,508 | 47.47% | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,297 | | |
| Turnout | | | | | |
| | Democratic hold | Democratic hold | Swing | | |
|
enwiki/65357250
|
enwiki
| 65,357,250 |
1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1837_Connecticut_gubernatorial_election
|
2025-01-23T03:47:14Z
|
en
|
Q104857672
| 240,893 |
{{Short description|none}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election
| country = Connecticut
| type = Presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1836 Connecticut gubernatorial election
| previous_year = 1836
| next_election = 1838 Connecticut gubernatorial election
| next_year = 1838
| election_date = April 3, 1837
| image1 = HenryEdwards (3x4a).jpg
| nominee1 = '''[[Henry W. Edwards]]'''
| party1 = Democratic Party (United States)
| popular_vote1 = '''23,805'''
| percentage1 = '''52.53%'''
| image2 = File:William_Wolcott_Ellsworth (3x4a).jpeg
| nominee2 = [[William W. Ellsworth]]
| party2 = Whig Party (United States)
| popular_vote2 = 21,508
| percentage2 = 47.47%
| map_image = [[File:1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election results map by county.svg|220px]]
| map_size = 220px
| map_caption = County results<br/>
'''Edwards:''' {{legend0|#7996E2|50–60%}}
| title = Governor
| before_election = [[Henry W. Edwards]]
| before_party = Democratic Party (United States)
| after_election = [[Henry W. Edwards]]
| after_party = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Elections in Connecticut}}
The '''1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election''' was held on April 3, 1837.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=April 6, 1837 |title=Connecticut election |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83021167/1837-04-06/ed-1/seq-2/ |work=Herald of the times |location=Newport, R.I. |page=2 |access-date=1 May 2022 }}</ref> Incumbent [[Governor of Connecticut|governor]] and [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee [[Henry W. Edwards]] was re-elected, defeating former congressman and [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] nominee [[William W. Ellsworth]] with 52.53% of the vote.
==General election==
===Candidates===
'''Major party candidates'''
*Henry W. Edwards, Democratic
*William W. Ellsworth, Whig
===Results===
{{Election box begin | title=1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=216478 |title=Our Campaigns |access-date=2020-09-18}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| candidate = [[Henry W. Edwards]] (incumbent)
| votes = 23,805
| percentage = 52.53%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
| party = Whig Party (United States)
| candidate = [[William W. Ellsworth]]
| votes = 21,508
| percentage = 47.47%
| change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
| votes = 2,297
| percentage =
| change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
| votes =
| percentage =
| change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
| winner = Democratic Party (United States)
| loser = Whig Party (United States)
| swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Connecticut elections}}
[[Category:Connecticut gubernatorial elections|1837]]
[[Category:1837 United States gubernatorial elections|Connecticut]]
[[Category:1837 Connecticut elections|Gubernatorial]]
[[Category:April 1837]]
{{Connecticut-election-stub}}
| 1,271,235,700 |
[{"title": "1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election", "data": {"\u2190 1836": "April 3, 1837 \u00b7 1838 \u2192", "Nominee": "Henry W. Edwards \u00b7 William W. Ellsworth", "Party": "Democratic \u00b7 Whig", "Popular vote": "23,805 \u00b7 21,508", "Percentage": "52.53% \u00b7 47.47%", "Governor before election \u00b7 Henry W. Edwards \u00b7 Democratic": "Elected Governor \u00b7 Henry W. Edwards \u00b7 Democratic"}}]
| false |
# 1849 in the United Kingdom
Events from the year 1849 in the United Kingdom.
## Incumbents
- Monarch – Victoria
- Prime Minister – Lord John Russell (Whig)
- Foreign Secretary – Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston
## Events
- 13 January – Second Anglo-Sikh War: British forces retreat from the Battle of Chillianwala.
- 22 January – Second Anglo-Sikh War: The city of Multan falls to the British East India Company following the Siege of Multan.
- February–May – shareholder enquiries into the conduct of railway financier George Hudson begin his downfall
- 1 February – abolition of the Corn Laws by the Importation Act 1846 comes fully into effect.
- 17 February – 65 people, almost all under the age of 20, are crushed to death in a panic caused by a small fire in the Theatre Royal, Glasgow.[1]
- 21 February – Second Anglo-Sikh War: Battle of Gujrat – British East India Company forces defeat those of the Sikh Empire in Punjab.
- 1 March – Nathaniel Cooke registers the design of the Staunton chess set, which is first marketed in September by Jaques of London with an endorsement by Howard Staunton.
- 3 March – the Arana-Southern Treaty with the Argentine Confederation ends British involvement in the Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata.
- 30 March – the Second Anglo-Sikh War ends with the U.K. annexing the Punjab.
- 21 April – Great Famine (Ireland): 96 inmates of the overcrowded Ballinrobe Union Workhouse die over the course of the preceding week from illness and other famine-related conditions, a record high. This year's potato crop again fails and there are renewed outbreaks of cholera.[2]
- May – first exhibition of paintings by the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood in London: John Everett Millais' Isabella and Holman Hunt's Rienzi at the Royal Academy summer exhibition, and Dante Gabriel Rossetti's Girlhood of Mary Virgin at the Free Exhibition on Hyde Park Corner.
- 19 May – Irishman William Hamilton arrested after shooting blank shots at Queen Victoria on Constitution Hill, London.[3]
- Summer
- The Buckinghamshire Assizes are removed from Buckingham to Aylesbury.[4]
- Karl Marx moves from Paris to London, where he will spend the remainder of his life.
- 2–12 August – Visit of Queen Victoria to Cork, Dublin and Belfast.[5]
- 9 August – "The Bermondsey Horror": Marie Manning and her husband, Frederick, murder her lover Patrick O'Connor in London. On 13 November they are hanged together publicly before a large crowd by William Calcraft outside Horsemonger Lane Gaol for the crime.[6]
- 13 December – foundation stone of Llandovery College is laid.
- 17 December – a customer, probably Edward Coke, collects the first bowler hat (devised by London hatmakers Thomas and William Bowler) from hatters Lock & Co. of St James's.[7]
### Undated
- Navigation Acts repealed.[8]
- Two shilling coin (florin), depicting the Queen crowned, introduced, partly to test public opinion on possible decimalization of the currency.[9]
- Bedford College (London) founded by Elizabeth Jesser Reid as the Ladies College in Bedford Square, a non-sectarian higher education institution to provide a liberal female education.
- The drapers' store of Arthur & Fraser, predecessor of the House of Fraser, is established in Glasgow by Hugh Fraser and James Arthur.[10]
### Ongoing
- The 1846–1860 cholera pandemic claims 52,000 lives in England and Wales between 1848 and 1850.
## Publications
- Charlotte Brontë's novel Shirley (published as by Currer Bell).
- Thomas De Quincey's essay The English Mail-Coach (in Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, October–December).
- Charles Dickens' novel David Copperfield begins serialisation (May).
- J. A. Froude's controversial novel of religious doubt The Nemesis of Faith.[11][12][13]
- John Ruskin's essay The Seven Lamps of Architecture (May).
- Notes and Queries first published (November).
- Who's Who first published.
## Births
- 13 February – Lord Randolph Churchill, statesman (died 1895)
- 22 May – Aston Webb, architect (died 1930)
- 11 July
- N. E. Brown, English plant taxonomist (died 1934)
- Rollo Russell, son to the serving Prime Minister (died 1914)
- 24 November – Frances Hodgson Burnett, author (died 1924)
- 29 November – John Ambrose Fleming, electrical engineer and inventor (died 1945)
## Deaths
- 9 January – William Siborne, Army officer and military historian (born 1797)
- 19 February – Bernard Barton, poet (born 1784)
- 20 March – James Justinian Morier, diplomat and novelist (born 1780)
- 22 May – Maria Edgeworth, novelist (born 1767)
- 25 May – Sir Benjamin D'Urban, general and colonial administrator (born 1777)
- 28 May – Anne Brontë, author (born 1820)[14]
- 30 June – William Ward, cricketer (born 1787)
- 12 July – Horace Smith, poet (born 1779)
- 31 August – Peter Allan of Marsden, eccentric (born 1799)
- 6 September – Edward Stanley, Bishop of Norwich (born 1779)
- 16 September – Thomas Jones, missionary (born 1810)
- 20 October – Richard Ryan, biographer (born 1797)
- 13 November – William Etty, painter (born 1787)
- 27 November – Henry Seymour (Knoyle), politician (born 1776)
- 2 December – Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen, queen dowager of William IV (born 1792)
- 12 December – Sir Marc Isambard Brunel, engineer (born 1769 in France)
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{{short description|none}}
<!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Year in United Kingdom|1849|label1= Constituent countries of the United Kingdom|data1 = [[1849 in England|England]] {{!}} [[1849 in Ireland|Ireland]] {{!}} [[1849 in Scotland|Scotland]] {{!}} [[1849 in Wales|Wales]]|label2=Sport|data2=[[1849 English cricket season]]}}
[[File:Report_on_the_mortality_of_cholera_in_England_Wellcome_L0049742.jpg | thumb|right | alt=Chart displaying mortality week-by-week over the course of the year 1849, with a peak in late August and early September. | The data represented by the chart in this image is directly related to the section discussing the cholera outbreak in this time frame.]]
Events from the year '''1849 in the United Kingdom'''.
==Incumbents==
* [[Monarch of the United Kingdom|Monarch]] – [[Queen Victoria|Victoria]]
* [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] – [[John Russell, 1st Earl Russell|Lord John Russell]] ([[Whigs (British political party)|Whig]])
* [[Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)|Foreign Secretary]] – [[Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount Palmerston]]
==Events==
* 13 January – [[Second Anglo-Sikh War]]: British forces retreat from the [[Battle of Chillianwala]].
* 22 January – Second Anglo-Sikh War: The city of [[Multan]] falls to the [[British East India Company]] following the [[Siege of Multan (1848-1849)|Siege of Multan]].
* February–May – shareholder enquiries into the conduct of railway financier [[George Hudson]] begin his downfall
* 1 February – abolition of the [[Corn Laws]] by the Importation Act [[1846 in the United Kingdom|1846]] comes fully into effect.
* 17 February – 65 people, almost all under the age of 20, are crushed to death in a panic caused by a small fire in the Theatre Royal, Glasgow.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.arthurlloyd.co.uk/Glasgow/TRDunlop.htm|title=The Theatre Royal, Dunlop Street, Glasgow|work=Arthur Lloyd.co.uk: The Music Hall and Theatre History Site|accessdate=2021-05-21}}</ref>
* 21 February – [[Second Anglo-Sikh War]]: [[Battle of Gujrat]] – British [[East India Company]] forces defeat those of the [[Sikh Empire]] in [[Punjab (region)|Punjab]].
* 1 March – [[Nathaniel Cooke]] registers the design of the [[Staunton chess set]], which is first marketed in September by [[Jaques of London]] with an endorsement by [[Howard Staunton]].
* 3 March – the [[Arana-Southern Treaty]] with the [[Argentine Confederation]] ends British involvement in the [[Anglo-French blockade of the Río de la Plata]].
* 30 March – the [[Second Anglo-Sikh War]] ends with the U.K. annexing the [[Punjab (region)|Punjab]].
* 21 April – [[Great Famine (Ireland)]]: 96 inmates of the overcrowded [[Ballinrobe]] Union Workhouse die over the course of the preceding week from illness and other famine-related conditions, a record high. This year's potato crop again fails and there are renewed outbreaks of [[cholera]].<ref>{{cite book|first=David|last=Ross|year=2002|title=Ireland: History of a Nation|edition=New|location=New Lanark|publisher=Geddes & Grosset|isbn=1842051644|page=[https://archive.org/details/irelandhistoryof0000ross/page/313 313]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/irelandhistoryof0000ross/page/313}}</ref>
* May – first exhibition of paintings by the [[Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood]] in London: [[John Everett Millais]]' ''Isabella'' and [[William Holman Hunt|Holman Hunt]]'s ''Rienzi'' at the [[Royal Academy summer exhibition]], and [[Dante Gabriel Rossetti]]'s ''Girlhood of Mary Virgin'' at the Free Exhibition on [[Hyde Park Corner]].
* 19 May – Irishman [[William Hamilton (criminal)|William Hamilton]] arrested after shooting blank shots at Queen Victoria on [[Constitution Hill, London]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
* Summer
** The [[Buckinghamshire]] [[Assizes]] are removed from [[Buckingham]] to [[Aylesbury]].<ref>{{cite web|title=About the Old Gaol|url=https://www.buckinghamoldgaol.org.uk/buckingham-old-gaol-building|website=Buckingham Old Gaol & Museum|access-date=2024-10-04}}</ref>
** [[Karl Marx]] moves from Paris to London, where he will spend the remainder of his life.
* 2–12 August – Visit of [[Queen Victoria]] to [[Cork (city)|Cork]], [[Dublin]] and [[Belfast]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Queen Victoria in Ireland, August 1849|first=Sean|last=Connolly|url=http://www.qub.ac.uk/sites/irishhistorylive/IrishHistoryResources/ArticlesandLectures/QueenVictoriainIrelandAugust1849/|work=Irish History Live|publisher=[[Queen's University Belfast]]|year=2008|access-date=2012-08-05}}</ref>
* 9 August – "The Bermondsey Horror": [[Marie Manning (murderer)|Marie Manning]] and her husband, Frederick, murder her lover Patrick O'Connor in London. On 13 November they are [[Hanging|hanged]] together publicly before a large crowd by [[William Calcraft]] outside [[Horsemonger Lane Gaol]] for the crime.<ref>{{cite book|first=Albert|last=Borowitz|year=1981|title=The Woman Who Murdered Black Satin: The Bermondsey Horror|location=Columbus|publisher=Ohio State University Press|isbn=0-8142-0320-5}}</ref>
* 13 December – foundation stone of [[Llandovery College]] is laid.
* 17 December – a customer, probably [[Edward Coke (1824–1889)|Edward Coke]], collects the first [[bowler hat]] (devised by London hatmakers Thomas and William Bowler) from hatters [[James Lock & Co.|Lock & Co.]] of [[St James's]].<ref>{{cite news|first=Andy|last=Bloxham|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/8043423/Bowler-hat-makes-a-comeback.html|title=Bowler hat makes a comeback|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]]|location=London|date=2010-10-05|access-date=2013-05-10}}</ref>
===Undated===
* [[Navigation Acts]] repealed.<ref name="Pocket Date Book">{{cite book|title=The Pocket Date Book|url=https://archive.org/details/pocketdatebooko00categoog|publisher=Chapman and Hall|first=William L. R.|last=Cates|author-link=William Leist Readwin Cates|year=1863}}</ref>
* [[Two shillings (British coin)|Two shilling coin]] (florin), depicting the Queen crowned, introduced, partly to test public opinion on possible [[decimalization]] of the currency.<ref>{{cite web|publisher=Chard|title=The Story of the Florin or Two Shilling Piece|url=http://24carat.co.uk/florinstoryframe.html|location=Blackpool|access-date=2012-04-06}}</ref>
* [[Bedford College (London)]] founded by [[Elizabeth Jesser Reid]] as the ''Ladies College in [[Bedford Square]]'', a non-sectarian [[higher education]] institution to provide a liberal [[female education]].
* The [[draper]]s' store of Arthur & Fraser, predecessor of the [[House of Fraser]], is established in [[Glasgow]] by [[Hugh Fraser (retailer)|Hugh Fraser]] and James Arthur.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gla.ac.uk/media/media_71300_en.pdf|title=House of Fraser archive project}}</ref>
===Ongoing===
* The [[1846–1860 cholera pandemic]] claims 52,000 lives in England and Wales between 1848 and 1850.
==Publications==
* [[Charlotte Brontë]]'s novel ''[[Shirley (novel)|Shirley]]'' (published as by Currer Bell).
* [[Thomas De Quincey]]'s essay ''[[The English Mail-Coach]]'' (in ''[[Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine]]'', October–December).
* [[Charles Dickens]]' novel ''[[David Copperfield (novel)|David Copperfield]]'' begins serialisation (May).
* [[J. A. Froude]]'s controversial novel of religious doubt ''[[The Nemesis of Faith]]''.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Life of Froude|last=Paul|first=Herbert|author-link=Herbert Paul|year=1906|publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons|location=New York|url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/14992|pages=47–48}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=More Nineteenth Century Studies: a Group of Honest Doubters|last=Willey|first=Basil|author-link=Basil Willey|year=1956|publisher=Chatto & Windus|location=London|chapter=J. A. Froude|page=131}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Ashton|first=Rosemary|editor=Jasper & Wright|title=The Critical Spirit and the Will to Believe|year=1989|publisher=St. Martins|location=New York|page=76|chapter=Doubting Clerics: From James Anthony Froude to Robert Elsmere via George Eliot}}</ref>
* [[John Ruskin]]'s essay ''[[The Seven Lamps of Architecture]]'' (May).
* ''[[Notes and Queries]]'' first published (November).
* ''[[Who's Who (UK)|Who's Who]]'' first published.
==Births==
* 13 February – [[Lord Randolph Churchill]], statesman (died 1895)
* 22 May – [[Aston Webb]], architect (died 1930)
* 11 July
** [[N. E. Brown]], English plant taxonomist (died 1934)
** [[Rollo Russell]], son to the serving [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] (died 1914)
* 24 November – [[Frances Hodgson Burnett]], author (died 1924)
* 29 November – [[John Ambrose Fleming]], electrical engineer and inventor (died 1945)
==Deaths==
* 9 January – [[William Siborne]], Army officer and military historian (born 1797)
* 19 February – [[Bernard Barton]], poet (born 1784)
* 20 March – [[James Justinian Morier]], diplomat and novelist (born 1780)
* 22 May – [[Maria Edgeworth]], novelist (born 1767)
* 25 May – [[Benjamin D'Urban|Sir Benjamin D'Urban]], general and colonial administrator (born 1777)
* 28 May – [[Anne Brontë]], author (born 1820)<ref>{{cite web |title=Anne Brontë {{!}} British author |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Anne-Bronte |website=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=17 April 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* 30 June – [[William Ward (cricketer, born 1787)|William Ward]], cricketer (born 1787)
* 12 July – [[Horace Smith (poet)|Horace Smith]], poet (born 1779)
* 31 August – [[Peter Allan (landlord)|Peter Allan]] of [[Marsden, Tyne and Wear|Marsden]], eccentric (born 1799)
* 6 September – [[Edward Stanley (bishop)|Edward Stanley]], Bishop of Norwich (born 1779)
* 16 September – [[Thomas Jones (missionary)|Thomas Jones]], missionary (born 1810)
* 20 October – [[Richard Ryan (biographer)|Richard Ryan]], biographer (born 1797)
* 13 November – [[William Etty]], painter (born 1787)
* 27 November – [[Henry Seymour (Knoyle)]], politician (born 1776)
* 2 December – [[Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen]], queen dowager of [[William IV]] (born 1792)
* 12 December – [[Marc Isambard Brunel|Sir Marc Isambard Brunel]], engineer (born 1769 in France)
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{UK year nav}}
{{Year in Europe|1849}}
[[Category:1849 in the United Kingdom| ]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1849 by country]]
[[Category:1849 in Europe]]
[[Category:1840s in the United Kingdom]]
| 1,276,595,476 |
[]
| false |
# 10th Area Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)
The 10th Area Fleet (第十方面艦隊, Dai-jyū Hōmen Kantai) was a fleet of the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) established during World War II as a result of IJN commands being isolated in the Philippines.
## History
The commander in chief of the 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet based in Singapore was named commander in chief of the newly created Tenth Area Fleet on 1 February 1944. As the Southwest Area Fleet command staff was isolated in the Philippines, a new command structure was necessary to direct the 1st and 2nd Southern Expeditionary Fleet, and the surviving elements of the 5th Fleet. It was supported by the 13th Air Fleet. The 10th Area Fleet had responsibility for the defenses of Indonesia and Indochina. It lost most of its combat capability at the Battle of the Malacca Strait and when Ashigara was sunk by HMS Trenchant and was disbanded at the end of the Pacific War.
The 10th Area Fleet was a theatre command and its name was taken sequentially from the numbered fleets rather than from the area in which it was located.
## Structure of the 10th Area Fleet
| Date | Higher unit | Lower units |
| -------------------------- | ------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 5 February 1945 (original) | Combined Fleet | IJN 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet, 2nd Southern Expeditionary Fleet, 13th Air Fleet, 5th Cruiser Division, Auxiliary survey ship Hakusa, Auxiliary gunboat Nankai |
| 1 June 1945 | Combined Fleet | IJN 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet, 2nd Southern Expeditionary Fleet, 13th Air Fleet, 5th Cruiser Division, Auxiliary gunboat Nankai, No.27 Special Base Force, No.25 Base Force, No.28 Base Force |
| 12 September 1945 | Surrendered to United Kingdom in Singapore. | Surrendered to United Kingdom in Singapore. |
## Commanders of the 10th Area Fleet
Commander in chief
| | Rank | Name | Date | Additional post |
| - | ------------ | ---------------- | --------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1 | Vice-Admiral | Shigeru Fukudome | 5 Feb 1945 - Sep 1945 | Commander of the IJN 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet and the 13th Air Fleet |
Chief of staff
| | Rank | Name | Date | Additional post |
| - | ------------ | ------------- | --------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1 | Rear-Admiral | Bunji Asakura | 5 Feb 1945 - Sep 1945 | Chief of staff of the IJN 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet and the 13th Air Fleet |
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{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 10th Area Fleet
|image=
|caption=
|dates= 1 February 1945 – Sep 1945
|country= {{flagicon|Empire of Japan}}
|allegiance=
|branch= {{navy|Empire of Japan}}
|size=
|command_structure=
|garrison=
|garrison_label=
|equipment=
|equipment_label=
|nickname=
|patron=
|motto=
|colors=
|colors_label=
|march=
|mascot=
|battles=
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
|battle_honours=[[Pacific Theatre of World War II]]
|current_commander=
|current_commander_label=
|notable_commanders= [[Shigeru Fukudome]]
|identification_symbol=
|identification_symbol_label=
|identification_symbol_2=
|identification_symbol_2_label=
}}
[[File:Fukudome Shigeru.jpg|right|thumb|200px|Admiral Shigeru Fukudome, CIC of the IJN 10th Area Fleet]]
The {{nihongo|'''10th Area Fleet'''|第十方面艦隊|Dai-jyū Hōmen Kantai}} was a fleet of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]] (IJN) established during [[World War II]] as a result of IJN commands being isolated in the [[Philippines]].
==History==
The [[commander in chief]] of the [[Southern Expeditionary Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)#Southern Expeditionary Fleet/1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet|1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet]] based in [[Singapore]] was named commander in chief of the newly created Tenth Area Fleet on 1 February 1944. As the [[Southwest Area Fleet]] command staff was isolated in the [[Philippines]], a new command structure was necessary to direct the 1st and [[2nd Southern Expeditionary Fleet]], and the surviving elements of the [[5th Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)|5th Fleet]]. It was supported by the [[List of Air Fleets of the Imperial Japanese Navy#13th Air Fleet|13th Air Fleet]]. The 10th Area Fleet had responsibility for the defenses of [[Indonesia]] and [[Indochina]]. It lost most of its combat capability at the [[Battle of the Malacca Strait]] and when [[Action of 8 June 1945|''Ashigara'' was sunk by HMS ''Trenchant'']] and was disbanded at the end of the Pacific War.<ref>D'Albas, Death of a Navy</ref>
The 10th Area Fleet was a theatre command and its name was taken sequentially from the numbered fleets rather than from the area in which it was located.
==Structure of the 10th Area Fleet==
{| class="wikitable"
! Date !! Higher unit !! Lower units
|-
| 5 February 1945 (original) || rowspan="2"| [[Combined Fleet]] || [[Southern Expeditionary Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)#Southern Expeditionary Fleet/1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet|IJN 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet]], [[IJN Southern Expeditionary Fleet|2nd Southern Expeditionary Fleet]], [[IJN 13th Air Fleet|13th Air Fleet]],<br>5th Cruiser Division, Auxiliary survey ship ''Hakusa'', Auxiliary gunboat ''Nankai''
|-
| 1 June 1945 || [[Southern Expeditionary Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)#Southern Expeditionary Fleet/1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet|IJN 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet]], 2nd Southern Expeditionary Fleet, 13th Air Fleet,<br>5th Cruiser Division, Auxiliary gunboat ''Nankai'', No.27 Special Base Force, No.25 Base Force, No.28 Base Force
|-
| 12 September 1945 || colspan="2"| Surrendered to United Kingdom in Singapore.
|}
==Commanders of the 10th Area Fleet==
'''Commander in chief''' <ref>Wendel, Axis History Database</ref>
{| class=wikitable
! || Rank|| Name || Date || Additional post
|-
|1|| Vice-Admiral|| [[Shigeru Fukudome]]|| 5 Feb 1945 - Sep 1945 || Commander of the [[Southern Expeditionary Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)#Southern Expeditionary Fleet/1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet|IJN 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet]] and the 13th Air Fleet
|-
|}
'''Chief of staff'''
{| class=wikitable
! || Rank|| Name || Date || Additional post
|-
|1|| Rear-Admiral|| [[Bunji Asakura]]|| 5 Feb 1945 - Sep 1945 || Chief of staff of the [[Southern Expeditionary Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)#Southern Expeditionary Fleet/1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet|IJN 1st Southern Expeditionary Fleet]] and the 13th Air Fleet
|-
|}
==References==
===Notes===
{{reflist}}
===Books===
*{{cite book
| last = D'Albas
| first = Andrieu
| authorlink =
| year = 1965
| title = Death of a Navy: Japanese Naval Action in World War II
| publisher = Devin-Adair Pub
| location =
| isbn = 0-8159-5302-X
}}
*{{cite book
| last = Dull
| first = Paul S.
| authorlink =
| year = 1978
| title = A Battle History of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1941-1945
| publisher = Naval Institute Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-87021-097-1
| url-access = registration
| url = https://archive.org/details/battlehistoryofi0000dull
}}
*{{cite book
| last = Lacroix
| first = Eric
| authorlink =
|author2= Linton Wells
| year = 1997
| chapter =
| title = Japanese Cruisers of the Pacific War
| publisher = Naval Institute Press
| location =
| isbn = 0-87021-311-3
}}
*{{cite book
| last = Winton
| first = John
| authorlink =
| year = 1981
| title = Sink the Haguro
| publisher = Saunders of Toronto Ltd
| location =
| isbn = 0-85422-152-2
}}
==External links==
*{{cite web
|last = Nishida
|first = Hiroshi
|url = http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/ja03.htm#10F
|title = Imperial Japanese Navy
|accessdate = 2007-02-25
|archive-url = https://archive.today/20130130002404/http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/ja03.htm%233F#10F
|archive-date = 2013-01-30
|url-status = dead
|df =
}}
*{{cite web
| last = Wendel
| first = Marcus
| url = http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=7835
| title = Axis History Database
| accessdate = 2007-08-25
}}
{{IJN}}
[[Category:Fleets of the Imperial Japanese Navy|10]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1944]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1945]]
| 1,212,134,108 |
[{"title": "10th Area Fleet", "data": {"Active": "1 February 1945 \u2013 Sep 1945", "Country": "Empire of Japan", "Branch": "Imperial Japanese Navy", "Battle honours": "Pacific Theatre of World War II"}}, {"title": "Commanders", "data": {"Notable \u00b7 commanders": "Shigeru Fukudome"}}]
| false |
# 1847 in science
The year 1847 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
## Astronomy
- July 1 – German amateur astronomer Karl Ludwig Hencke discovers asteroid 6 Hebe from Driesen.
- August 13 – English astronomer John Russell Hind discovers asteroid 7 Iris from London.
- October 18 – J. R. Hind discovers asteroid 8 Flora from London.
- October 1 – American astronomer Maria Mitchell discovers comet C/1847 T1; it is independently discovered two days later by Francesco de Vico from Rome.
- A new edition of the astrometric star catalogue Histoire céleste française is published, from which the Lalande star reference numbers which continue in use are derived.[1]
## Chemistry
- Nitroglycerin, at first called pyroglycerine, first synthesized by Ascanio Sobrero.
- Hermann Kolbe obtains acetic acid from completely inorganic sources, further disproving vitalism.[2]
- J. S. Fry & Sons of Bristol (England) produce a moulded chocolate bar.[3]
## Earth sciences
- October – Last volcanic eruption of Mount Guntur in West Java.
## Mathematics
- George Boole formalizes symbolic logic in the pamphlet The Mathematical Analysis of Logic (published in Cambridge), defining what is now called Boolean algebra.
- Johann Benedict Listing publishes Vorstudien zur Topologie in Göttingen, first introducing the term Topology in print.[4][5]
## Medicine
- January 1 – Britain's first Medical Officer of Health is appointed, Dr. William Henry Duncan in Liverpool.[6]
- November 4–8 – James Young Simpson discovers the anesthetic properties of chloroform and first uses it, successfully, on a patient, in an obstetric case in Edinburgh.[7][8]
- Émile Küss and Charles-Emmanuel Sédillot perform the first recorded biopsies on neoplasms.
- Ignaz Semmelweis studies and prevents the transmission of puerperal fever.
- The journal Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin is founded by Rudolf Virchow and Benno Reinhardt.
- Joseph-François Malgaigne publishes Traité des fractures et des luxations in Paris.
## Physics
- Hermann von Helmholtz formally states the law of conservation of energy.
## Technology
- January 27 – Institution of Mechanical Engineers founded in the Queen's Hotel next to Curzon Street railway station in Birmingham, England, by George Stephenson and others.[9]
- May 24 – The Dee bridge disaster: a cast iron girder bridge across the river Dee at Chester, England, designed by Robert Stephenson for the Chester and Holyhead Railway, collapses under a Shrewsbury and Chester Railway train with five fatalities.[10]
- July 24 – Richard March Hoe patents a rotary printing press in the United States.[11]
- Squire Whipple publishes A Work on Bridge Building in the United States.
## Zoology
- August 18 – American missionary Thomas S. Savage and anatomist Jeffries Wyman first describe the great ape species Troglodytes gorilla, known in modern times as the western gorilla, to the Boston Society of Natural History.[12][13][14]
## Awards
- Copley Medal: John Herschel.[15]
- Wollaston Medal for Geology: Ami Boué.
## Births
- January 21 – Joseph Le Bel, French stereochemist (died 1930)
- February 11 – Thomas Edison, American inventor (died 1931)
- March 3 – Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-born inventor (died 1922)
- March 25 – Fernand Lataste, French zoologist (died 1934)
- May 1 – Hildegard Björck, Swedish-born pioneer of women's medical education (died 1920)
- September 8 – Abraham Groves, Canadian surgeon (died 1935)
- September 11 – Mary Watson Whitney, American astronomer and academic (died 1921)[16]
- Sydney Mary Thompson, Irish-born geologist and botanist (died 1923)
## Deaths
- March 9 – Mary Anning, English paleontologist (born 1799)
- April 9 – Filip Neriusz Walter, Polish organic chemist (born 1810)
- June 7 – David Mushet, Scottish-born metallurgist (born 1772)
- September 3 – Simon Goodrich, English-born mechanical engineer (born 1773)
- October 3 – Charles Hatchett, English chemist (born 1765)
- November 11 – Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach, German plastic surgeon (born 1792)
- December 7 – Robert Liston, Scottish-born surgeon (born 1794)
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1847|science}}
{{Science year nav|1847}}
The year '''1847 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events, listed below.
==Astronomy==
* July 1 – German amateur astronomer [[Karl Ludwig Hencke]] discovers [[asteroid]] [[6 Hebe]] from [[Drezdenko|Driesen]].
* August 13 – English astronomer [[John Russell Hind]] discovers asteroid [[7 Iris]] from London.
* October 18 – J. R. Hind discovers asteroid [[8 Flora]] from London.
* October 1 – American astronomer [[Maria Mitchell]] discovers [[comet]] [[C/1847 T1]]; it is independently discovered two days later by [[Francesco de Vico]] from Rome.
* A new edition of the [[Astrometry|astrometric]] [[star catalogue]] ''[[Histoire céleste française]]'' is published, from which the [[Jérôme Lalande|Lalande]] star reference numbers which continue in use are derived.<ref>{{citation|title=A catalogue of those stars in the ''Histoire céleste française'' of J. De Lalande for which tables of reduction to the session define format EPOCH1 = 1800 have been published by Professor Schumacher|last=Baily|first=F.|publisher=[[British Association for the Advancement of Science]]|location=London|year=1847}}</ref>
==Chemistry==
* [[Nitroglycerin]], at first called ''pyroglycerine'', first synthesized by [[Ascanio Sobrero]].
* [[Hermann Kolbe]] obtains [[acetic acid]] from completely inorganic sources, further disproving vitalism.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kolbe, Adolph Wilhelm Hermann |publisher=European Association for Chemical and Molecular Sciences |work=100 Distinguished European Chemists |year=2005 |url=http://www.euchems.org/Distinguished/19thCentury/kolbeadolph.asp |accessdate=2007-03-12 |archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20081011092124/http://www.euchems.org/Distinguished/19thCentury/kolbeadolph.asp|archivedate=2008-10-11}}</ref>
* [[J. S. Fry & Sons]] of [[Bristol]] (England) produce a moulded [[chocolate bar]].<ref>{{cite book|title=The Oxford Companion to Sugar and Sweets|page=157|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2015}}</ref>
==Earth sciences==
* October – Last [[volcanic eruption]] of [[Mount Guntur]] in [[West Java]].
==Mathematics==
* [[George Boole]] formalizes [[Mathematical logic|symbolic logic]] in the pamphlet ''The Mathematical Analysis of Logic'' (published in [[Cambridge]]), defining what is now called [[Boolean algebra (logic)|Boolean algebra]].
* [[Johann Benedict Listing]] publishes ''Vorstudien zur Topologie'' in [[Göttingen]], first introducing the term ''[[Topology]]'' in print.<ref>[http://www.ch.ic.ac.uk/rzepa/listing/ Reprint.]</ref><ref>{{cite web|author1=O'Connor, John J. |author2=Robertson, Edmund F. |author2-link=Edmund F. Robertson |work=[[MacTutor History of Mathematics archive]]|publisher=[[University of St Andrews]]|title=Johann Benedict Listing|url=http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Listing.html|year=2000|accessdate=2011-10-15}}</ref>
==Medicine==
* January 1 – Britain's first [[Medical Officer of Health]] is appointed, Dr. [[William Henry Duncan]] in [[Liverpool]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Halliday|first1=S.|title=Duncan of Liverpool: Britain's first Medical Officer|journal=[[Journal of Medical Biography]]|volume=11|issue=3|pages=142–149|year=2003|pmid=12870037|doi=10.1177/096777200301100307|s2cid=21967666}}</ref>
* November 4–8 – [[James Young Simpson]] discovers the [[anesthetic]] properties of [[chloroform]] and first uses it, successfully, on a patient, in an [[obstetric]] case in [[Edinburgh]].<ref>First communicated to the Medico-Chirurgical Society of Edinburgh, November 10, and published in a pamphlet, ''Notice of a New Anæsthetic Agent'', in Edinburgh, November 12.</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Gordon|first=H. Laing|title=Sir James Young Simpson and Chloroform (1811–1870)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pYer05UwKBYC|accessdate=2011-11-11|date=2002|publisher=Minerva Group, Inc|isbn=978-1-4102-0291-8}}</ref>
* [[Émile Küss]] and [[Charles-Emmanuel Sédillot]] perform the first recorded [[Biopsy|biopsies]] on [[neoplasm]]s.
* [[Ignaz Semmelweis]] studies and prevents the transmission of [[puerperal fever]].
* The journal ''Archiv für pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und für klinische Medicin'' is founded by [[Rudolf Virchow]] and [[Benno Reinhardt]].
* [[Joseph-François Malgaigne]] publishes ''Traité des fractures et des luxations'' in [[Paris]].
==Physics==
* [[Hermann von Helmholtz]] formally states the law of [[conservation of energy]].
==Technology==
* January 27 – [[Institution of Mechanical Engineers]] founded in the Queen's Hotel next to [[Birmingham Curzon Street railway station (1838-1966)|Curzon Street railway station]] in [[Birmingham]], [[England]], by [[George Stephenson]] and others.<ref>{{cite book|last=Cragg|first=Roger|title=Civil Engineering Heritage: Wales and West Central England|edition=2nd|year=1997|location=London|publisher=Thomas Telford|isbn=0-7277-2576-9|page=194}}</ref>
* May 24 – The [[Dee bridge disaster]]: a [[cast iron]] girder bridge across the [[River Dee, Wales|river Dee]] at [[Chester]], [[England]], designed by [[Robert Stephenson]] for the [[Chester and Holyhead Railway]], collapses under a [[Shrewsbury and Chester Railway]] train with five fatalities.<ref>{{cite book|author=Lewis, Peter R.|title=Disaster on the Dee: Robert Stephenson's Nemesis of 1847|publisher=Tempus Publishing|location=Stroud|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7524-4266-2}}</ref>
* July 24 – [[Richard March Hoe]] [[patent]]s a [[rotary printing press]] in the [[United States]].<ref>#5199. {{cite web|title=Improvement in Rotary Printing-Presses|url=https://patents.google.com/patent/US5199}}</ref>
* [[Squire Whipple]] publishes ''A Work on Bridge Building'' in the United States.
==Zoology==
* August 18 – American missionary [[Thomas S. Savage]] and anatomist [[Jeffries Wyman]] first describe the great ape species ''Troglodytes gorilla'', known in modern times as the [[western gorilla]], to the [[Boston Society of Natural History]].<ref>{{cite journal|last=Savage|first=Thomas S.|year=1847|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Hpbwjpr58AC&dq=Communication+describing+the+external+character+and+habits+of+a+new+species+of+Troglodytes+(T.+gorilla).&pg=PA245|title=Communication describing the external character and habits of a new species of Troglodytes (T. ''gorilla'', Savage)|journal=Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History|volume=2|pages=245–247|accessdate=2015-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=Savage|first1=Thomas S.|last2=Wyman|first2=Jeffries|year=1847|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=crgrAAAAYAAJ&dq=Notice+of+the+external+characters+and+habits+of+Troglodytes+gorilla,+a+new+species+of+orang+from+the+Gaboon+River,+osteology+of+the+same.&pg=PA417|title=Notice of the external characters and habits of Troglodytes gorilla, a new species of orang from the Gaboon River; Osteology of the same|journal=Boston Journal of Natural History|volume=5|issue=4|pages=417–443|accessdate=2015-11-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Conniff|first=Richard|title=Discovering gorilla|journal=[[Evolutionary Anthropology (journal)|Evolutionary Anthropology]]|volume=18|issue=2|year=2009|pages=55–61|doi=10.1002/evan.20203|s2cid=221732306}}</ref>
==Awards==
* [[Copley Medal]]: [[John Herschel]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Copley Medal {{!}} British scientific award |url=https://www.britannica.com/science/Copley-Medal |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=23 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Wollaston Medal]] for Geology: [[Ami Boué]].
==Births==
* January 21 – [[Joseph Achille Le Bel|Joseph Le Bel]], [[French people|French]] [[Stereochemistry|stereochemist]] (died [[1930 in science|1930]])
* February 11 – [[Thomas Edison]], [[Americans|American]] [[inventor]] (died [[1931 in science|1931]])
* March 3 – [[Alexander Graham Bell]], [[Scotland|Scottish]]-born inventor (died [[1922 in science|1922]])
* March 25 – [[Fernand Lataste]], French [[zoologist]] (died [[1934 in science|1934]])
* May 1 – [[Hildegard Björck]], [[Sweden|Swedish]]-born pioneer of women's medical education (died [[1920 in science|1920]])
* September 8 – [[Abraham Groves]], [[Canadians|Canadian]] surgeon (died [[1935 in science|1935]])
* September 11 – [[Mary Watson Whitney]], American astronomer and academic (died [[1921 in science|1921]])<ref>{{cite book|first=Robert|last=McHenry|title=Liberty's Women|location=Springfield|publisher=G. & C. Merriam|year=1980|page=442|isbn=978-0-87779-064-8}}</ref>
* [[Sydney Mary Thompson]], [[Ireland|Irish]]-born [[geologist]] and [[botanist]] (died [[1923 in science|1923]])
==Deaths==
* March 9 – [[Mary Anning]], [[English people|English]] [[paleontologist]] (born [[1799 in science|1799]])
* April 9 – [[Filip Neriusz Walter]], [[Polish people|Polish]] [[organic chemist]] (born [[1810 in science|1810]])
* June 7 – [[David Mushet]], Scottish-born metallurgist (born [[1772 in science|1772]])
* September 3 – [[Simon Goodrich]], English-born mechanical engineer (born [[1773 in science|1773]])
* October 3 – [[Charles Hatchett]], English chemist (born [[1765 in science|1765]])
* November 11 – [[Johann Friedrich Dieffenbach]], [[Germans|German]] [[plastic surgeon]] (born [[1792 in science|1792]])
* December 7 – [[Robert Liston]], Scottish-born [[surgeon]] (born [[1794 in science|1794]])
==References==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:1847 in science| ]]
[[Category:19th century in science]]
[[Category:1840s in science]]
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# 1854 in archaeology
Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1854.
## Explorations
- Giovanni Battista de Rossi discovers the Catacomb of Callixtus in Rome.
- Karl von Scherzer examines and writes a description of Quiriguá, a Maya site in Guatemala.
- Thomas Wright investigates Kit's Coty House, the remains of a Neolithic chambered long barrow in Kent, England.
## Finds
- Coleraine Hoard in the north of Ireland.
- Dalton Parlours Roman villa in Yorkshire, England.
## Births
- August 26 - Kate Bradbury Griffith, English Egyptologist (d. 1902)
## Deaths
- September 27 - Frederick Catherwood (b. 1799)
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1854|archaeology|science}}
Below are notable events in [[archaeology]] that occurred in [[1854]].
==Explorations==
* [[Giovanni Battista de Rossi]] discovers the [[Catacomb of Callixtus]] in [[Rome]].
* [[Karl von Scherzer]] examines and writes a description of [[Quiriguá]], a [[Maya civilization|Maya]] site in [[Guatemala]].
* [[Thomas Wright (antiquarian)|Thomas Wright]] investigates [[Kit's Coty House]], the remains of a [[Neolithic]] [[chambered long barrow]] in [[Kent]], [[England]].
==Excavations==
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Publications==
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Finds==
* [[List of hoards in Ireland#Roman hoards|Coleraine Hoard]] in the north of Ireland.
* [[Dalton Parlours Roman villa]] in Yorkshire, England.
==Awards==
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Miscellaneous==
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Births==
* August 26 - [[Kate Bradbury Griffith]], English Egyptologist (d. [[1902 in archaeology|1902]])
==Deaths==
* September 27 - [[Frederick Catherwood]] (b. [[1799 in archaeology|1799]])
== See also ==
* [[List of years in archaeology]]
* [[1853 in archaeology]]
* [[1855 in archaeology]]
[[Category:Archaeology by year]]
[[Category:1850s in archaeology]]
[[Category:1854 in science|Archaeology]]
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# 1892 in Japan
Events from the year 1892 in Japan. It corresponds to Meiji 25 (明治25年) in the Japanese calendar.
## Incumbents
- Emperor: Emperor Meiji[1]
- Prime Minister:
- Matsukata Masayoshi: (until 8 August)
- Itō Hirobumi: (from 8 August)
### Governors
- Aichi Prefecture: Takatoshi Iwamura then Senda Sadaaki then Senda Sadaaki then Yasujo then Tokito Konkyo
- Akita Prefecture: Yasuhiko Hirayama
- Aomori Prefecture: Masa Sawa
- Ehime Prefecture: Katsumata Minoru
- Fukui Prefecture: Nobuaki Makino then Kunizo Arakawa
- Fukuoka Prefecture: Yasujo then Tameharu Yamada
- Fukushima Prefecture: Kiyoshi Watanabe then Yoshio Kusaka
- Gifu Prefecture: Toshi Kozaki
- Gunma Prefecture: Motootoko Nakamura
- Hiroshima Prefecture: Baron Takatoshi Iwamura then Senda Sadaaki
- Ibaraki Prefecture: Shoichiro Ishii then Nobuaki Makino
- Iwate Prefecture: Ichizo Hattori
- Kagawa Prefecture: Masao Tanimori
- Kochi Prefecture: Kanji Maruoka then Ishida Eikichi
- Kumamoto Prefecture: Matsudaira Masanao
- Kyoto Prefecture: Baron Kokudo Kitagaki then Baron Akira Senda
- Mie Prefecture: Shangyi Narukawa
- Miyagi Prefecture: Mamoru Funakoshi
- Miyazaki Prefecture: Takayoshi Kyoganu
- Nagano Prefecture: Asada Tokunori
- Niigata Prefecture: Baron Seung Zhi Kuwata
- Oita Prefecture: Baron Shirane Senitsu
- Okinawa Prefecture: Kanji Maruoka then Shigeru Narahara
- Osaka Prefecture: Nobumichi Yamada
- Saga Prefecture: Sukeo Kabayama then Takaya Nagamine
- Saitama Prefecture: Kanichi Kubota then Tsunao Hayashi
- Shimane Prefecture: Goro Shinozaki
- Tochigi Prefecture: Orita Hirauchi
- Tokyo: Tomita Tetsunosuke
- Toyama Prefecture: Moriyama Shigeru then Tokuhisa Tsunenori
- Yamagata Prefecture: Hasebe Ren
## Events
- February 15 - General election
- May 5 – A first issue of Chugoku Shinbun Newspaper published in Hiroshima Prefecture.[citation needed]
## Births
- January 25 - Takeo Takagi, admiral (d. 1944)
- February 1 - Kan Shimozawa, novelist (d. 1968)
- February 5 - Shunji Isaki, admiral (d. 1943)
- March 1 - Akutagawa Ryūnosuke, writer (d. 1927)
- March 30 - Sanzo Nosaka, one of the founders of the Japanese Communist Party (d. 1993)
- April 9 - Haruo Satō, novelist and poet (d. 1964)
- June 27 - Yumio Nasu, major general (d. 1942)
- August 11 - Eiji Yoshikawa, writer and novelist (d. 1962)
- August 17 - Tamon Yamaguchi, admiral (d. 1942)
- September 9 - Tsuru Aoki, actress (d. 1961)
- October 3 - Sentarō Ōmori, admiral (d. 1974)
- October 16 - Kiyonao Ichiki, military officer (died 1942)[2]
- December 15 - Akira Mutō, general (d. 1948)
## Deaths
- January 23 – Ueki Emori, revolutionary (b. 1857)
- June 9 – Yoshitoshi, artist (b. 1839)
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{{short description|Events in Japan, 1892}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Year in Japan|1892}}
Events from the year '''1892 in Japan'''. It corresponds to '''[[Meiji period|Meiji]] 25''' (明治25年) in the [[Japanese calendar]].
==Incumbents==
*[[Emperor of Japan|Emperor]]: [[Emperor Meiji]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Meiji {{!}} emperor of Japan |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Meiji |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |access-date=27 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]:
**[[Matsukata Masayoshi]]: (until 8 August)
**[[Itō Hirobumi]]: (from 8 August)
===Governors===
*[[List of governors of Aichi Prefecture|Aichi Prefecture]]: [[Takatoshi Iwamura]] then [[Senda Sadaaki]] then [[Senda Sadaaki]] then [[Yasujo]] then [[Tokito Konkyo]]
*Akita Prefecture: [[Yasuhiko Hirayama]]
*[[List of governors of Aomori Prefecture|Aomori Prefecture]]: [[Masa Sawa]]
*Ehime Prefecture: [[Katsumata Minoru]]
*Fukui Prefecture: [[Nobuaki Makino]] then [[Kunizo Arakawa]]
*Fukuoka Prefecture: [[Yasujo]] then [[Tameharu Yamada]]
*Fukushima Prefecture: [[Kiyoshi Watanabe]] then [[Yoshio Kusaka]]
*Gifu Prefecture: [[Toshi Kozaki]]
*Gunma Prefecture: [[Motootoko Nakamura]]
*[[Governors of Hiroshima Prefecture|Hiroshima Prefecture]]: [[Baron Takatoshi Iwamura]] then [[Senda Sadaaki]]
*[[List of governors of Ibaraki Prefecture|Ibaraki Prefecture]]: [[Shoichiro Ishii]] then [[Nobuaki Makino]]
*Iwate Prefecture: [[Ichizo Hattori]]
*Kagawa Prefecture: [[Masao Tanimori]]
*Kochi Prefecture: [[Kanji Maruoka]] then [[Ishida Eikichi]]
*[[List of governors of Kumamoto Prefecture|Kumamoto Prefecture]]: [[Matsudaira Masanao]]
*[[List of governors of Kyoto Prefecture|Kyoto Prefecture]]: [[Baron Kokudo Kitagaki]] then [[Baron Akira Senda]]
*Mie Prefecture: [[Shangyi Narukawa]]
*[[List of governors of Miyagi Prefecture|Miyagi Prefecture]]: [[Mamoru Funakoshi]]
*[[List of governors of Miyazaki Prefecture|Miyazaki Prefecture]]: [[Takayoshi Kyoganu]]
*[[List of governors of Nagano Prefecture|Nagano Prefecture]]: [[Asada Tokunori]]
*[[List of governors of Niigata Prefecture|Niigata Prefecture]]: [[Baron Seung Zhi Kuwata]]
*Oita Prefecture: [[Baron Shirane Senitsu]]
*[[Governor of Okinawa Prefecture|Okinawa Prefecture]]: [[Kanji Maruoka]] then [[Shigeru Narahara]]
*[[List of governors of Osaka|Osaka Prefecture]]: [[Nobumichi Yamada]]
*[[List of governors of Saga Prefecture|Saga Prefecture]]: [[Sukeo Kabayama]] then [[Takaya Nagamine]]
*[[List of governors of Saitama Prefecture|Saitama Prefecture]]: [[Kanichi Kubota]] then [[Tsunao Hayashi]]
*Shimane Prefecture: [[Goro Shinozaki]]
*Tochigi Prefecture: [[Orita Hirauchi]]
*[[Governor of Tokyo|Tokyo]]: [[Tomita Tetsunosuke]]
*Toyama Prefecture: [[Moriyama Shigeru]] then [[ Tokuhisa Tsunenori]]
*Yamagata Prefecture: [[Hasebe Ren]]
==Events==
*[[February 15]] - [[1892 Japanese general election|General election]]
*[[May 5]] – A first issue of [[Chugoku Shinbun|Chugoku Shinbun Newspaper]] published in [[Hiroshima Prefecture]].{{citation needed|date=August 2020}}
==Births==
*[[January 25]] - [[Takeo Takagi]], admiral (d. [[1944 in Japan|1944]])
*[[February 1]] - [[Kan Shimozawa]], novelist (d. [[1968 in Japan|1968]])
*[[February 5]] - [[Shunji Isaki]], admiral (d. [[1943 in Japan|1943]])
*[[March 1]] - [[Akutagawa Ryūnosuke]], writer (d. [[1927 in Japan|1927]])
*[[March 30]] - [[Sanzo Nosaka]], one of the founders of the [[Japanese Communist Party]] (d. [[1993 in Japan|1993]])
*[[April 9]] - [[Haruo Satō (novelist)|Haruo Satō]], novelist and poet (d. [[1964 in Japan|1964]])
*[[June 27]] - [[Yumio Nasu]], major general (d. [[1942 in Japan|1942]])
*[[August 11]] - [[Eiji Yoshikawa]], writer and novelist (d. [[1962 in Japan|1962]])
*[[August 17]] - [[Tamon Yamaguchi]], admiral (d. [[1942 in Japan|1942]])
*[[September 9]] - [[Tsuru Aoki]], actress (d. [[1961 in Japan|1961]])
*[[October 3]] - [[Sentarō Ōmori]], admiral (d. [[1974 in Japan|1974]])
*[[October 16]] - [[Kiyonao Ichiki]], military officer (died [[1942 in Japan|1942]])<ref>Chen, Peter. "Ichiki Kiyonao". WW2 Database</ref>
*[[December 15]] - [[Akira Mutō]], general (d. [[1948 in Japan|1948]])
==Deaths==
*[[January 23]] – [[Ueki Emori]], revolutionary (b. [[1857 in Japan|1857]])
*[[June 9]] – Yoshitoshi, artist (b. [[1839 in Japan|1839]])
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Japan year nav}}
{{Asia topic|1892 in}}
[[Category:1892 in Japan| ]]
[[Category:1892 by country]]
[[Category:1890s in Japan]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in Japan]]
[[Category:1892 in Asia]]
| 1,279,198,950 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1891 - 1890 - 1889": "1892 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Japan \u00b7 \u2192 - 1893 - 1894 - 1895", "Decades": "1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s", "See also": "Other events of 1892 \u00b7 History of Japan \u2022 Timeline \u2022 Years"}}]
| false |
# 111th Fighter Escadrille
The 111th Fighter Escadrille of the Polish Air Force (Polish: 111. eskadra myśliwska) was one of the fighter units of the Polish Army. Created in 1921, immediately after the end of the Polish-Soviet War, the unit inherited the traditions of the famous war-time Polish 7th Air Escadrille (known as the Kościuszko Squadron), in which both Polish and American volunteers served.
## History
The unit was created on May 19, 1921 out of two previously-existing units, the Polish 7th Air Escadrille and the Polish 18th Air Escadrille of the 1st Air Regiment. Initially it was manned mostly by the American veterans of the earlier unit, including Cedric Fauntleroy. However, soon afterwards most of the American pilots returned home and the unit was manned with Polish officers. Nonetheless, it retained the roundel and the traditions of the Polish-American unit. In 1934 the unit was the first to receive the then-modern PZL P.11c fighters. In 1936 the escadrille was stationed in Sarny and was providing air cover for a construction of border fortifications at the frontier with the Soviet Union. During one of the sorties Lt. Witold Urbanowicz, later to become one of the fighter aces of World War II, downed a Soviet Polikarpov R-5 biplane reconnaissance aircraft flying a reconnaissance mission over the area.
In 1939 it was attached to the Pursuit Brigade, a large fighter unit held in reserve of the Commander in Chief. As part of the Polish 3rd Squadron of the 1st Air Regiment (Polish: III/1 dywizjon myśliwski) under Zdzisław Krasnodębski, the unit was stationed at the airfield at Zielonka and provided air cover for the nearby city of Warsaw. During the Polish September Campaign the first sortie — and the first success of the escadrille — took place on September 1, at 4 in the morning, that is roughly an hour before the fights for Westerplatte started, an event which is usually taken as the starting point of World War II. The escadrille was scrambled to intercept a large formation of enemy bombers escorted by Messerschmitt Bf 110 heavy fighters. Over the area of Modlin the enemy formation was intercepted and forced to retreat, dropping their bombs on uninhabited areas. Lt. Palusiński downed one enemy Dornier Do 17 and probably damaged another plane of that type. Palusiński himself was wounded by enemy fire.
Later that day another bombing raid on Warsaw was intercepted, this time covered by Messerschmitt Bf 109 fighters. During the air battles over Warsaw the escadrille's commanding officer managed to down one enemy fighter, but was then shot down and wounded. The command was taken over by his deputy, Lt. Januszewicz. The following day the escadrille did not encounter any enemy formations. On September 3 a flight from the escadrille, providing air cover for Col. Stefan Pawlikowski intercepted a formation of enemy Bf 110 fighters over Wyszków. Lt. Januszewicz and Corporal Karubin downed two enemy fighters. However, at the same time another flight led by Ferić was dispersed and had to return to base. One of its pilots did not return to the escadrille until September 10.
On September 4 the escadrille was transferred to the Zaborów airfield near Leszno. Its commanding officer downed a Junkers Ju 87 (other sources mention a Dornier Do 17). The following day Strzembosz and Januszewicz scored another two victories, this time over a Bf 110 and Ju 87, respectively. On September 6 Januszewicz scored yet another Ju 87. On September 7 the escadrille was evacuated to eastern Poland and was stationed in the Kierz airfield near Lublin. It briefly operated from the airfield of Ostrożec near Łuck, but returned to Lublin area the following day (Strzelce and Werba airfields). The last confirmed victories were over a reconnaissance Henschel Hs 126 on September 9 (Ferić) and Heinkel He 111 on September 11 (Wróblewski). Altogether during the campaign the unit downed 8 enemy planes (other sources mention 7½) while losing 9 of its own PZL P.11c fighters.
After the Soviet invasion of Poland on September 17, the unit was evacuated to Romania together with its 4 remaining fighters. From there the majority of the pilots were able to get to France and the United Kingdom, where many joined the Polish Air Forces in exile. The traditions of the escadrille, as well as its predecessor, was then continued by the No. 303 Polish Fighter Squadron, one of the most successful Allied fighter units of the war.
## Crew and equipment
On September 1, 1939, the escadrille had 9 planes, including 7 PZL P.11c and 2 PZL P.11a. Throughout the war it received an additional PZL P.11c as reinforcement. The air crew consisted of kapitan (Captain) Gustaw Sidorowicz, his deputy porucznik (Lieutenant) Wojciech Januszewicz and 16 other pilots:
1. ppor. Mirosław Ferić
2. ppor. Janusz Łabicki
3. ppor. Jerzy Palusiński
4. pchor. Władysław Drecki
5. pchor. Zbigniew Janicki
6. pchor. Janusz Maciński
7. pchor. Mieczysław Rozwadowski
8. st. sierż Jan Kołcon (later RAF warrant officer)
9. plut. Ignacy Lendzion
10. kpr. Stanisław Karubin
11. kpr. Eugeniusz Szaposznikow
12. st. szer. Bogdan Cichocki
13. st. szer. Henryk Szope
14. st. szer. Stefan Wojtowicz
15. st. szer. Kazimierz Wünsche
16. st. szer. Kazimierz Wróblewski
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{{Kościuszko's Squadron}}
[[File:111_esk_mysl.png|250px|right]]
The '''111th Fighter Escadrille''' of the [[Polish Air Force]] ({{langx|pl|111. eskadra myśliwska}}) was one of the [[fighter plane|fighter]] units of the [[Polish Army]]. Created in 1921, immediately after the end of the [[Polish-Soviet War]], the unit inherited the traditions of the famous [[Polish-Soviet War|war-time]] [[Polish 7th Air Escadrille]] (known as the [[Tadeusz Kościuszko|Kościuszko]] Squadron), in which both Polish and American volunteers served.
== History ==
The unit was created on May 19, 1921{{Citation needed|date=May 2008}} out of two previously-existing units, the [[Polish 7th Air Escadrille]] and the [[Polish 18th Air Escadrille]] of the 1st Air Regiment. Initially it was manned mostly by the American veterans of the earlier unit, including [[Cedric Fauntleroy]]. However, soon afterwards most of the American pilots returned home and the unit was manned with Polish officers. Nonetheless, it retained the roundel and the traditions of the Polish-American unit. In 1934 the unit was the first to receive the then-modern [[PZL P.11c]] fighters.<ref name="letectvi.wz.cz">{{cite web | author=Pavel Soukup | title =PZL P11 | publisher=Letectvi.wz.cz | year=2005 | work=Letectvi.wz.cz website | url= http://letectvi.wz.cz/polsko/p11/ | access-date=2006-04-14 | archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20060516233033/http://letectvi.wz.cz/polsko/p11/| archive-date= 16 May 2006 <!--Added by DASHBot-->|language=cs}}</ref> In 1936 the escadrille was stationed in [[Sarny]] and was providing air cover for a construction of border fortifications at the frontier with the [[Soviet Union]]. During one of the sorties Lt. [[Witold Urbanowicz]], later to become one of the fighter aces of World War II, downed a Soviet [[Polikarpov R-5]] biplane reconnaissance aircraft flying a reconnaissance mission over the area.<ref name="Polska Witryna Modelarska">{{cite web | author=Artur Gołębiewski | title=Witold Urbanowicz | work=Polska Witryna Modelarska | url=http://www.old.modelarstwo.org.pl/lotnicze/dokumentacja/piloci/urbanowicz/index.html | access-date=2006-04-14 | language=pl | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050425130000/http://www.old.modelarstwo.org.pl/lotnicze/dokumentacja/piloci/urbanowicz/index.html | archive-date=2005-04-25 | url-status=dead }}</ref>
In 1939 it was attached to the [[Brygada Pościgowa|Pursuit Brigade]],<ref name="letectvi.wz.cz"/> a large fighter unit held in reserve of the [[Marshal of Poland|Commander in Chief]]. As part of the [[Polish 3rd Squadron of the 1st Air Regiment]] ({{langx|pl|III/1 dywizjon myśliwski}}) under [[Zdzisław Krasnodębski]], the unit was stationed at the airfield at [[Zielonka]] and provided air cover for the nearby city of [[Warsaw]]. During the [[Polish September Campaign]] the first sortie — and the first success of the escadrille — took place on September 1, at 4 in the morning, that is roughly an hour before the fights for [[Westerplatte]] started, an event which is usually taken as the starting point of [[World War II]]. The escadrille was scrambled to intercept a large formation of enemy bombers escorted by [[Messerschmitt Bf 110]] heavy fighters. Over the area of [[Modlin Fortress|Modlin]] the enemy formation was intercepted and forced to retreat, dropping their bombs on uninhabited areas. Lt. Palusiński downed one enemy [[Dornier Do 17]] and probably damaged another plane of that type.<ref name="Użycie">{{cite book| author =Izabela Wieczorek| title =Użycie lotnictwa we wrześniu 1939 r.| publisher =www.ogniskowiec.znp.edu.pl| url =http://www.ogniskowiec.znp.edu.pl/publikacje/szkolysrednie/uzycielotnictwawewrzesniu.htm| access-date =2006-04-14| language =pl| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20070927041947/http://www.ogniskowiec.znp.edu.pl/publikacje/szkolysrednie/uzycielotnictwawewrzesniu.htm| archive-date =2007-09-27| url-status =dead}}</ref> Palusiński himself was wounded by enemy fire.
Later that day another bombing raid on Warsaw was intercepted, this time covered by [[Messerschmitt Bf 109]] fighters. During the air battles over Warsaw the escadrille's commanding officer managed to down one enemy fighter, but was then shot down and wounded. The command was taken over by his deputy, Lt. Januszewicz. The following day the escadrille did not encounter any enemy formations. On September 3 a flight from the escadrille, providing air cover for [[pułkownik|Col.]] [[Stefan Pawlikowski]] intercepted a formation of enemy Bf 110 fighters over [[Wyszków]]. Lt. Januszewicz and [[kapral|Corporal]] Karubin downed two enemy fighters. However, at the same time another flight led by Ferić was dispersed and had to return to base. One of its pilots did not return to the escadrille until September 10.<ref name="Użycie"/>
On September 4 the escadrille was transferred to the [[Zaborów, Lower Silesian Voivodeship|Zaborów]] airfield near [[Leszno]]. Its commanding officer downed a [[Junkers Ju 87]] (other sources mention a [[Dornier Do 17]]). The following day Strzembosz and Januszewicz scored another two victories, this time over a Bf 110 and Ju 87, respectively. On September 6 Januszewicz scored yet another Ju 87. On September 7 the escadrille was evacuated to eastern Poland and was stationed in the [[Kierz, Lublin Voivodeship|Kierz]] airfield near [[Lublin]]. It briefly operated from the airfield of [[Ostrożec]] near [[Łuck]], but returned to Lublin area the following day (Strzelce and Werba airfields). The last confirmed victories were over a reconnaissance [[Henschel Hs 126]] on September 9 (Ferić) and [[Heinkel He 111]] on September 11 (Wróblewski).<ref name="Myśliwcy">{{cite web | author=Grzegorz Adios | title=111 Eskadra Myśliwska | work=Myśliwcy | url=http://www.psr.netfriend.org/mysliwcy/1939/111_eskadra_mysliwska.htm | access-date=2006-04-14 | language=pl | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010922195622/http://www.psr.netfriend.org/mysliwcy/1939/111_eskadra_mysliwska.htm | archive-date=2001-09-22 | url-status=dead }}</ref> Altogether during the campaign the unit downed 8 enemy planes (other sources mention 7½) while losing 9 of its own [[PZL P.11c]] fighters.
After the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] invasion of [[Poland]] on September 17, the unit was evacuated to [[Romania]] together with its 4 remaining fighters. From there the majority of the pilots were able to get to [[France]] and the [[United Kingdom]], where many joined the [[Polish Air Forces]] in exile. The traditions of the escadrille, as well as its predecessor, was then continued by the [[No. 303 Polish Fighter Squadron]], one of the most successful Allied fighter units of the war.
== Crew and equipment ==
On September 1, 1939, the escadrille had 9 planes, including 7 PZL P.11c and 2 PZL P.11a. Throughout the war it received an additional PZL P.11c as reinforcement. The air crew consisted of [[kapitan (rank)|kapitan]] (Captain) [[Gustaw Sidorowicz]], his deputy [[porucznik]] (Lieutenant) [[Wojciech Januszewicz]] and 16 other pilots:
# [[podporucznik|ppor.]] [[Mirosław Ferić]]
# ppor. Janusz Łabicki
# ppor. Jerzy Palusiński
# pchor. Władysław Drecki
# pchor. Zbigniew Janicki
# pchor. Janusz Maciński
# pchor. Mieczysław Rozwadowski
# [[sierżant|st. sierż]] Jan Kołcon (later RAF warrant officer)
# [[plutonowy|plut.]] Ignacy Lendzion
# [[kapral|kpr.]] [[Stanisław Karubin]]
# kpr. [[Eugeniusz Szaposznikow]]
# [[starszy szeregowy|st. szer.]] Bogdan Cichocki
# st. szer. Henryk Szope
# st. szer. Stefan Wojtowicz
# st. szer. Kazimierz Wünsche
# st. szer. Kazimierz Wróblewski
== Notes and references ==
::'''In-line:'''
{{reflist}}
::'''General:'''
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book | author =Jerzy Pawlak | title =Polskie eskadry w latach 1918-1939 | year =1989 | pages =60–69 | publisher =Wydawnictwa Komunikacji i Łączności | location =Warsaw | isbn =83-206-0760-4 |language=pl}}
* {{cite book | author =Jerzy Pawlak | title =Polskie eskadry w Wojnie Obronnej 1939 | year =1982 | publisher =Wydawnictwa Komunikacji i Łączności | location =Warsaw | isbn =83-206-0281-5| page =280 |language=pl}}
{{refend}}
{{PAF 1939}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:111}}
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1921]]
[[Category:Polish Air Force escadrilles]]
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# 1849 in sports
1849 in sports describes the year's events in world sport.
## Boxing
Events
- 7 February — following years of inactivity, American champion Tom Hyer finally returns to the ring and fights Yankee Sullivan at Stillpond Creek in Maryland. Hyer wins in the 16th round. The fight should have taken place at Rock Point, Maryland, on 10 January but the police forced its cancellation.[1]
- William Thompson retains the Championships of England but there is no record of any fights involving him in 1849.[2]
## Cricket
Events
- 23, 24 & 25 July — a match between Sheffield and Manchester at Hyde Park Ground, Sheffield is styled "Yorkshire v Lancashire" and is therefore both the first match to involve a Lancashire county team and the inaugural Roses Match. Yorkshire win by 5 wickets.
England
- Most runs – George Parr 529 @ 31.11 (HS 86*)
- Most wickets – William Hillyer 141 @ 13.20 (BB 8–?)
## Horse racing
England
- Grand National – Peter Simple
- 1,000 Guineas Stakes – The Flea
- 2,000 Guineas Stakes – Nunnykirk
- The Derby – The Flying Dutchman[3]
- The Oaks – Lady Evelyn
- St. Leger Stakes – The Flying Dutchman
## Football
- The rules for the Eton wall game are written down for the first time.
## Rowing
The Boat Race
- 29 March — the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race, last contested in 1846, is revived and this 9th race is won by Cambridge
- 15 December — Oxford is awarded the 10th Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race following the disqualification of Cambridge. This is the first and last time that the race is contested twice in the same year.
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{{Short description|Sports-related events of 1849}}
{{Year nav sports topic5|1849|sports}}
'''1849 in sports''' describes the year's events in world sport.
==[[Boxing]]==
'''Events'''
* 7 February — following years of inactivity, American champion [[Tom Hyer]] finally returns to the ring and fights [[Yankee Sullivan]] at Stillpond Creek in Maryland. Hyer wins in the 16th round. The fight should have taken place at Rock Point, Maryland, on 10 January but the police forced its cancellation.<ref name="TH">[http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/hyer-t.htm Cyber Boxing Zone – Tom Hyer]. Retrieved on 7 November 2009.</ref>
* [[William Thompson (boxer)|William Thompson]] retains the Championships of England but there is no record of any fights involving him in 1849.<ref name="WT">[http://www.cyberboxingzone.com/boxing/thompson.htm Cyber Boxing Zone – Bendigo]. Retrieved on 7 November 2009.</ref>
==[[Cricket]]==
'''Events'''
* 23, 24 & 25 July — a match between [[Sheffield Cricket Club|Sheffield]] and [[Manchester Cricket Club|Manchester]] at [[Hyde Park Ground]], [[Sheffield]] is styled "Yorkshire v Lancashire" and is therefore both the first match to involve a Lancashire county team and the inaugural ''[[Roses Match]]''. Yorkshire win by 5 wickets.
'''England'''
* Most runs – [[George Parr (cricketer)|George Parr]] 529 @ 31.11 (HS 86*)
* Most wickets – [[William Hillyer]] 141 @ 13.20 (BB 8–?)
==[[Horse racing]]==
'''England'''
* [[1849 Grand National|Grand National]] – [[Peter Simple (racehorse)|Peter Simple]]
* [[1,000 Guineas Stakes]] – The Flea
* [[2,000 Guineas Stakes]] – Nunnykirk
* [[Epsom Derby|The Derby]] – [[The Flying Dutchman (horse)|The Flying Dutchman]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Epsom Derby {{!}} History, Winners, & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/sports/Derby-horse-race |website=www.britannica.com |access-date=23 December 2021 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Epsom Oaks|The Oaks]] – Lady Evelyn
* [[St. Leger Stakes]] – [[The Flying Dutchman (horse)|The Flying Dutchman]]
== [[Football]] ==
* The rules for the [[Eton wall game]] are written down for the first time.
==[[Rowing (sport)|Rowing]]==
'''The Boat Race'''
* 29 March — the [[The Boat Race 1849 (March)|Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race]], last contested in 1846, is revived and this 9th race is won by [[Cambridge University Boat Club|Cambridge]]
* 15 December — [[Oxford University Boat Club|Oxford]] is awarded the 10th [[The Boat Race 1849 (December)|Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race]] following the disqualification of [[Cambridge University Boat Club|Cambridge]]. This is the first and last time that the race is contested twice in the same year.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Sports by year to 1850}}
[[Category:1849 in sports| ]]
[[Category:Sports by year]]
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# 1872 in Ireland
Events from the year 1872 in Ireland.
## Events
- Party Processions Acts repealed.[1]
- Summer – about 30,000 Nationalists hold a demonstration at Hannahstown near Belfast, campaigning for the release of Fenian prisoners, but leading to another series of riots between Catholics and Protestants in the city.[1]
- 23 November – 1872 Londonderry City by-election, the first Irish election to the Parliament of the UK held by secret ballot. The seat is won from the Liberal Party by the Irish Conservative Party's Charles Lewis.
- Ulster Hospital for Women and Sick Children is opened in Chichester Street, Belfast.
## Arts and literature
- Samuel Ferguson publishes his long poem Congal.
- Sheridan Le Fanu publishes his short-story collection In a Glass Darkly including the vampire novella Carmilla.
- Charles Lever publishes his last novel Lord Kilgobbin, "a tale of Ireland in our own time" (serialisation concludes and publication in book form).
## Births
- 14 February – Tom Ross, cricketer (died 1947).
- 31 March – Arthur Griffith, founder and third leader of Sinn Féin, served as President of Dáil Éireann (died 1922).
- 26 April – William Cunningham Deane-Tanner, later William Desmond Taylor, film director in United States (murdered 1922).
- 13 June – Blayney Hamilton, cricketer (died 1946).
- 4/7 July – John J. O'Kelly, politician, author and publisher, president of the Gaelic League and Sinn Féin (died 1957).
- 16 July – George Henry Morris, soldier, first commanding officer to lead an Irish Guards battalion into battle (killed in action 1914).
- 23 July – John J. McGrath, Democrat U.S. Representative from California (died 1951).
- 13 August – Robert Johnston, soldier, recipient of the Victoria Cross for gallantry in 1899 at the Battle of Elandslaagte, South Africa (died 1950).
- 4 September – James Magee, cricketer (died 1949).
- 23 September – Dan Comyn, cricketer (died 1949).
- 20 October – Seán O'Mahony, Sinn Féin MP (died 1934).
- 24 October – Peter O'Connor, athlete (born in Millom, England) (died 1957)
- 13 November – John M. Lyle, architect in Canada (died 1945).
- 28 November – Ethel Hobday, pianist (died 1947).
- Undated – Patrick R. Chalmers, writer (died 1942).
## Deaths
- 22 January – Valentine McMaster, Scottish military surgeon, recipient of the Victoria Cross for gallantry in 1857 at the Siege of Lucknow, India (born 1834 in British India).
- 8 February – Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo, statesman, three times Chief Secretary for Ireland, Viceroy of India, assassinated (born 1822).
- 1 June – Charles Lever, novelist (born 1806).
- 18 October – Michael O'Connor, first Catholic Bishop of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, first Catholic Bishop of Erie, Jesuit (born 1810).
- 23 November – Joseph Ward, recipient of the Victoria Cross for gallantry in 1858 at Gwalior, India (born 1832).
- 6 December – James Byrne, recipient of the Victoria Cross (born 1822).
Full date unknown
- Anne Elizabeth Ball, phycologist (born 1808).
- Robert Patterson, businessman and naturalist (born 1802).
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{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
{{YearInIrelandNav | 1872 }}
Events from the year '''1872 in Ireland'''.
==Events==
*[[Party Processions Act]]s repealed.<ref name="CA">{{cite web | title=Parades and Marches – Chronology 2: Historical Dates and Events| work=Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN)| url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/parade/chpa2.htm| access-date=28 January 2010}}</ref>
*Summer – about 30,000 [[Irish nationalism|Nationalists]] hold a demonstration at [[Hannahstown]] near [[Belfast]], campaigning for the release of [[Fenian]] prisoners, but leading to another series of riots between [[Roman Catholic Church|Catholics]] and [[Protestantism|Protestants]] in the city.<ref name="CA"/>
*23 November – [[1872 Londonderry City by-election]], the first Irish election to the Parliament of the UK held by [[secret ballot]]. The seat is won from the [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal Party]] by the [[Irish Conservative Party]]'s [[Sir Charles Lewis, 1st Baronet|Charles Lewis]].
*Ulster Hospital for Women and Sick Children is opened in Chichester Street, [[Belfast]].
==Arts and literature==
*[[Samuel Ferguson]] publishes his long poem ''Congal''.
*[[Sheridan Le Fanu]] publishes his short-story collection ''[[In a Glass Darkly]]'' including the [[Vampire literature|vampire]] [[novella]] ''[[Carmilla]]''.
*[[Charles Lever]] publishes his last novel ''Lord Kilgobbin'', "a tale of Ireland in our own time" (serialisation concludes and publication in book form).
==Sport==
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Births==
*14 February – [[Tom Ross (cricketer)|Tom Ross]], cricketer (died [[1947 in Northern Ireland|1947]]).
*31 March – [[Arthur Griffith]], founder and third leader of [[Sinn Féin]], served as [[President of Dáil Éireann]] (died [[1922 in Ireland|1922]]).
*26 April – William Cunningham Deane-Tanner, ''later'' [[William Desmond Taylor]], film director in [[United States]] (murdered 1922).
*13 June – [[Blayney Hamilton]], cricketer (died [[1946 in Ireland|1946]]).
*4/7 July – [[John J. O'Kelly]], politician, author and publisher, president of the [[Gaelic League]] and [[Sinn Féin]] (died [[1957 in Ireland|1957]]).
*16 July – [[George Henry Morris]], soldier, first [[commanding officer]] to lead an [[Irish Guards]] [[battalion]] into battle (killed in action [[1914 in Ireland|1914]]).
*23 July – [[John J. McGrath]], [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] [[U.S. Representative]] from [[California]] (died [[1951 in Ireland|1951]]).
*13 August – [[Robert Johnston (VC recipient)|Robert Johnston]], soldier, recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]] for gallantry in 1899 at the [[Battle of Elandslaagte]], [[South Africa]] (died [[1950 in Ireland|1950]]).
*4 September – [[James Magee (sportsman, born 1872)|James Magee]], cricketer (died [[1949 in Ireland|1949]]).
*23 September – [[Dan Comyn]], cricketer (died 1949).
*20 October – [[Seán O'Mahony]], [[Sinn Féin]] [[Member of Parliament|MP]] (died [[1934 in Ireland|1934]]).
*24 October – [[Peter O'Connor (athlete)|Peter O'Connor]], athlete (born in [[Millom]], [[England]]) (died [[1957 in Ireland|1957]])
*13 November – [[John M. Lyle]], architect in [[Canada]] (died [[1945 in Northern Ireland|1945]]).
*28 November – [[Ethel Hobday]], pianist (died [[1947 in Ireland|1947]]).
*Undated – [[Patrick R. Chalmers]], writer (died [[1942 in Ireland|1942]]).
==Deaths==
*22 January – [[Valentine McMaster]], Scottish military surgeon, recipient of the [[Victoria Cross]] for gallantry in 1857 at the [[Siege of Lucknow]], [[India]] (born 1834 in British India).
*8 February – [[Richard Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo]], statesman, three times [[Chief Secretary for Ireland]], [[Viceroy of India]], assassinated (born [[1822 in Ireland|1822]]).
*1 June – [[Charles Lever]], novelist (born [[1806 in Ireland|1806]]).
*18 October – [[Michael O'Connor (American bishop)|Michael O'Connor]], first Catholic Bishop of [[Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania|Pittsburgh]], [[Pennsylvania]], first Catholic [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Erie|Bishop of Erie]], [[Jesuit]] (born [[1810 in Ireland|1810]]).
*23 November – [[Joseph Ward (VC)|Joseph Ward]], recipient of the Victoria Cross for gallantry in 1858 at [[Gwalior]], India (born [[1832 in Ireland|1832]]).
*6 December – [[James Byrne (VC)|James Byrne]], recipient of the Victoria Cross (born [[1822 in Ireland|1822]]).
*;Full date unknown<!--This is a description list; please see [[Help:List]] before changing-->
*:*[[Anne Elizabeth Ball]], [[phycologist]] (born [[1808 in Ireland|1808]]).
*:*[[Robert Patterson (naturalist, born 1802)|Robert Patterson]], businessman and naturalist (born [[1802 in Ireland|1802]]).
==See also==
*[[1872 in Scotland]]
*[[1872 in Wales]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Years in Ireland}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1872 In Ireland}}
[[Category:1872 in Ireland| ]]
[[Category:1870s in Ireland]]
[[Category:1872 by country|Ireland]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in Ireland]]
[[Category:1872 in the United Kingdom| Ireland]]
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[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1871 - 1870 - 1869 - 1868 - 1867": "1872 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Ireland \u00b7 \u2192 - 1873 - 1874 - 1875 - 1876 - 1877", "Centuries": "17th 18th 19th 20th 21st", "Decades": "1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s", "See also": "1872 in the United Kingdom \u00b7 Other events of 1872 \u00b7 List of years in Ireland"}}]
| false |
# 1892 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles
Blanche Hillyard defeated Maud Shackle 6–1, 6–4 in the All Comers' Final, but the reigning champion Lottie Dod defeated Bingley Hillyard 6-1, 6-1 in the challenge round to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1892 Wimbledon Championships.
## Draw
### Key
- Q = Qualifier
- WC = Wild card
- LL = Lucky loser
- Alt = Alternate
- SE = Special exempt
- PR = Protected ranking
- ITF = ITF entry
- JE = Junior exempt
- w/o = Walkover
- r = Retired
- d = Defaulted
- SR = Special ranking
### Challenge round
| | Challenge Round | | | | | |
| | | | | | | |
| | Blanche Hillyard | Blanche Hillyard | 1 | 1 | | |
| | Blanche Hillyard | Blanche Hillyard | 1 | 1 | | |
| | Lottie Dod | Lottie Dod | 6 | 6 | | |
### All Comers'
| | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | | | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | | | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Bertha Steedman | Bertha Steedman | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Miss Barefoot | Miss Barefoot | 0 | 1 | | | | Bertha Steedman | Bertha Steedman | 4 | 3 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Maud Shackle | Maud Shackle | 6 | 6 | | | | Maud Shackle | Maud Shackle | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Helen Jackson | Helen Jackson | 3 | 4 | | | | | | | | | | | Maud Shackle | Maud Shackle | 1 | 4 | | |
| | Blanche Hillyard | Blanche Hillyard | 6 | 6 | | | | | | Blanche Hillyard | Blanche Hillyard | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | |
| | Beatrice Draffen | Beatrice Draffen | 2 | 2 | | | | Blanche Hillyard | Blanche Hillyard | 1 | 6 | 9 | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | A Martin | A Martin | 6 | 3 | 7 | | | | | | | | |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox tennis tournament event|1892|Wimbledon Championships
| champ = {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Lottie Dod]]
| runner = {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]]
| score = 6–1, 6–1
| draw = 7
| seeds = –
| type =
}}
{{Main article|1892 Wimbledon Championships}}
[[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]] defeated [[Maud Shackle]] 6–1, 6–4 in the All Comers' Final, but the reigning champion [[Lottie Dod]] defeated Bingley Hillyard 6-1, 6-1 in the challenge round to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1892 Wimbledon Championships.<ref name="Tingay">100 Years of Wimbledon by Lance Tingay, Guinness Superlatives Ltd. 1977</ref><ref name="Barrett">{{cite book|last=Barrett|first=John|title=Wimbledon: The Official History|date=2014|publisher=Vision Sports Publishing|isbn=9-781909-534230|edition=4th}}</ref>
==Draw==
{{Draw key}}
===Challenge round===
{{2TeamBracket|sets=3
| RD1=Challenge Round
| seeds =
| team-width=170
| RD1-seed1=
| RD1-team1={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]]
| RD1-score1-1=1
| RD1-score1-2=1
| RD1-score1-3=
| RD1-seed2=
| RD1-team2={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Lottie Dod]]'''
| RD1-score2-1='''6'''
| RD1-score2-2='''6'''
| RD1-score2-3=
}}
===All Comers'===
{{8TeamBracket-Compact-Byes
| sets=3
| RD1=Quarterfinals
| RD2=Semifinals
| RD3=Final
| team-width=170
| seeds=
| RD1-seed1=
| RD1-team1={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Bertha Steedman]]'''
| RD1-score1-1='''6'''
| RD1-score1-2='''6'''
| RD1-score1-3=
| RD1-seed2=
| RD1-team2={{flagicon|GBR}} Miss Barefoot
| RD1-score2-1=0
| RD1-score2-2=1
| RD1-score2-3=
| RD1-seed3=
| RD1-team3={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Maud Shackle]]'''
| RD1-score3-1='''6'''
| RD1-score3-2='''6'''
| RD1-score3-3=
| RD1-seed4=
| RD1-team4={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Helen Jackson (tennis)|Helen Jackson]]
| RD1-score4-1=3
| RD1-score4-2=4
| RD1-score4-3=
| RD1-seed5=
| RD1-team5={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]]'''
| RD1-score5-1='''6'''
| RD1-score5-2='''6'''
| RD1-score5-3=
| RD1-seed6=
| RD1-team6={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Beatrice Draffen]]
| RD1-score6-1=2
| RD1-score6-2=2
| RD1-score6-3=
| RD2-seed1=
| RD2-team1={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Bertha Steedman]]
| RD2-score1-1=4
| RD2-score1-2=3
| RD2-score1-3=
| RD2-seed2=
| RD2-team2={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Maud Shackle]]'''
| RD2-score2-1='''6'''
| RD2-score2-2='''6'''
| RD2-score2-3=
| RD2-seed3=
| RD2-team3={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]]'''
| RD2-score3-1=1
| RD2-score3-2='''6'''
| RD2-score3-3='''9'''
| RD2-seed4=
| RD2-team4={{flagicon|GBR}} A Martin
| RD2-score4-1='''6'''
| RD2-score4-2=3
| RD2-score4-3=7
| RD3-seed1=
| RD3-team1={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Maud Shackle]]
| RD3-score1-1=1
| RD3-score1-2=4
| RD3-score1-3=
| RD3-seed2=
| RD3-team2={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]]'''
| RD3-score2-1='''6'''
| RD3-score2-2='''6'''
| RD3-score2-3=
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Wimbledondraws|1892|LS}}
{{start box}}
{{Succession box | before={{nowrap|[[1891 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles]]}}| title=[[List of Grand Slam women's singles champions|Grand Slam women's singles]] | years= | after={{nowrap|[[1892 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles]]}}}}
{{end box}}
{{Wimbledon women's singles champions}}
{{Wimbledon women's singles drawsheets}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1892 Wimbledon Championships - Ladies' Singles}}
[[Category:1892 Wimbledon Championships|Ladies' Singles]]
[[Category:Wimbledon Championship by year – Women's singles]]
[[Category:1892 in women's tennis|Wimbledon Championships - Singles]]
[[Category:1892 in British women's sport|Wimbledon Championships - Singles]]
| 1,158,775,673 |
[{"title": "Women's singles", "data": {"Champion": "Lottie Dod", "Runner-up": "Blanche Hillyard", "Score": "6\u20131, 6\u20131", "Draw": "7", "Seeds": "\u2013"}}, {"title": "Singles", "data": {"Singles": "men \u00b7 women", "Doubles": "men \u00b7 women"}}]
| false |
# 122nd Fighter Aviation Squadron
The 122nd Fighter Aviation Squadron (Serbo-Croatian: 122. lovačka avijacijska eskadrila / 122. ловачка авијацијска ескадрила) was an aviation squadron of Yugoslav Air Force established in April 1961 as part of 94th Fighter Aviation Regiment at Skopski Petrovac military airport.
It was equipped with US-made North American F-86E Sabre jet fighter aircraft.
By the end of 1964 the 83rd Fighter Aviation Regiment has been disbanded per the "Drvar 2" reorganization plan. The 122nd Fighter Aviation Squadron was also disbanded. Its personnel and equipment were attached to 123rd Fighter Aviation Squadron.
## Assignments
- 94th Fighter Aviation Regiment (1961–1964)
## Bases stationed
- Skopski Petrovac (1961–1964)
## Equipment
- North American F-86E Sabre (1961–1964)
|
enwiki/39839609
|
enwiki
| 39,839,609 |
122nd Fighter Aviation Squadron
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/122nd_Fighter_Aviation_Squadron
|
2024-09-17T10:43:48Z
|
en
|
Q17007361
| 11,115 |
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 122nd Fighter Aviation Squadron<br>{{lang|hr|122. lovačka avijacijska eskadrila}}
|image=
|caption=
|dates=1961 – 1964
|country= {{YUG}}
|allegiance=
|branch= [[Yugoslav Air Force]]
|type= Squadron
|role= Fighter
|size=
|command_structure= [[94th Fighter Aviation Regiment]]
|current_commander=
|garrison= [[Skopski Petrovac]]
|ceremonial_chief=
|colonel_of_the_regiment=
|nickname=
|patron=
|motto=
|colors=
|march=
|mascot=
|battles=
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
|battle_honours=
|disbanded= 1964
}}
The '''122nd Fighter Aviation Squadron''' (''[[Serbo-Croatian language|Serbo-Croatian]]: {{lang|hr|122. lovačka avijacijska eskadrila}} / 122. ловачка авијацијска ескадрила'') was an aviation squadron of Yugoslav Air Force established in April 1961 as part of 94th Fighter Aviation Regiment at Skopski Petrovac military airport.
It was equipped with US-made North American F-86E Sabre jet fighter aircraft.
By the end of 1964 the 83rd Fighter Aviation Regiment has been disbanded per the "Drvar 2" reorganization plan. The 122nd Fighter Aviation Squadron was also disbanded. Its personnel and equipment were attached to [[123rd Fighter Aviation Squadron]].<ref>Dimitrijević, Bojan. ''Jugoslovensko Ratno Vazduhoplovstvo 1942-1992''. Beograd, 2006, p. 366.</ref>
==Assignments==
*[[94th Fighter Aviation Regiment]] (1961–1964)
==Bases stationed==
*[[Skopski Petrovac]] (1961–1964)
==Equipment==
*[[North American F-86 Sabre|North American F-86E Sabre]] (1961–1964)
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:Yugoslav Air Force squadrons]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1961]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1964]]
| 1,246,171,666 |
[{"title": "122nd Fighter Aviation Squadron \u00b7 122. lova\u010dka avijacijska eskadrila", "data": {"Active": "1961 \u2013 1964", "Disbanded": "1964", "Country": "Yugoslavia", "Branch": "Yugoslav Air Force", "Type": "Squadron", "Role": "Fighter", "Part of": "94th Fighter Aviation Regiment", "Garrison/HQ": "Skopski Petrovac"}}]
| false |
# 1849–50 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1849–50 Massachusetts gubernatorial election consisted of an initial popular election held on November 12, 1949 that was followed by a legislative vote held on January 7, 1850. The ultimate task of electing the governor had been placed before the Massachusetts General Court because no candidate received the majority of the vote required for a candidate to be elected through the popular election. Incumbent Whig Governor George N. Briggs won the legislative vote and was therefore elected, defeating Democratic nominee George S. Boutwell and Free Soil nominee Stephen C. Phillips.
## General election
### Candidates
- George N. Briggs, Whig, incumbent Governor
- George S. Boutwell, Democratic, state banking commissioner, former State Representative[2]
- Stephen C. Phillips, Free Soil, former U.S. Representative, former Mayor of
Salem, Massachusetts
### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------- | ------------------- | ------- | ------ | -- |
| | Whig | George N. Briggs | 54,009 | 49.33% | |
| | Democratic | George S. Boutwell | 30,040 | 27.44% | |
| | Free Soil | Stephen C. Phillips | 25,247 | 23.06% | |
| | Scattering | | 193 | 0.18% | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 23,969 | 21.89% | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 109,849 | | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Swing | | |
### Legislative election
As no candidate received a majority of the vote, the Massachusetts General Court was required to decide the election. Under Article III of the Constitution of Massachusetts, the House of Representatives chose two candidates from the top four vote-getters, the Senate electing the Governor from the House's choice.
Contemporary sources only record the House's vote as Briggs 157, Phillips 63, Boutwell 59, which would result in the nomination of Briggs but not Boutwell.
The legislative election was held on January 7, 1850.
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| ------- | ---------- | ------------------ | ----- | ------ |
| | Whig | George N. Briggs | 23 | 65.71% |
| | Democratic | George S. Boutwell | 12 | 34.29% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 35 | |
| | Whig hold | | | |
|
enwiki/72148889
|
enwiki
| 72,148,889 |
1849–50 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1849%E2%80%9350_Massachusetts_gubernatorial_election
|
2025-01-23T04:10:49Z
|
en
|
Q115817552
| 274,721 |
{{short description|none}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
<!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1849–50 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
| country = Massachusetts
| flag_year =
| type = Presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1848 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
| previous_year = 1848
| next_election = 1850 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
| next_year = 1850
| election_date = November 12, 1849 (popular election)<br>January 7, 1850 (legislative vote)
| 1blank = Popular election
| 2blank = Senate vote
| image_size = x150px
| image1 = File:George Nixon Briggs (cropped) (1).jpg
| nominee1 = '''[[George N. Briggs]]'''
| party1 = Whig Party (United States)
| 2data1 = '''23'''<br>'''65.71%'''
| popular_vote1 = 54,009
| percentage1 = 49.33%
| image2 = File:George S. Boutwell c1851 (cropped).png
| nominee2 = [[George S. Boutwell]]
| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)
| 2data2 = 12<br>34.29%
| popular_vote2 = 30,040
| percentage2 = 27.44%
| image3 = File:Stephen Clarendon Phillips (1).png
| nominee3 = [[Stephen C. Phillips]]
| party3 = Free Soil Party
| 2data3 = ''Did not qualify''
| popular_vote3 = 25,247
| percentage3 = 23.06%
| map_image = 1849 Massachusetts gubernatorial election results map by county.svg
| map_size =
| map_caption = Popular election results by county<br>'''Briggs''': {{legend0|#FEF4B4|30–40%}} {{legend0|#FEE391|40–50%}} {{legend0|#FED463|50–60%}} {{legend0|#FE9929|60–70%}}
| title = [[Governor of Massachusetts|Governor]]
| before_election = [[George N. Briggs]]
| before_party = Whig Party (United States)
| after_election = [[George N. Briggs]]
| after_party = Whig Party (United States)
}}
{{ElectionsMA}}
The '''1849–50 Massachusetts gubernatorial election''' consisted of an initial popular election held on November 12, 1949<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=November 6, 1849 |title=Elections |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82003410/1849-11-06/ed-1/seq-3/ |work=The daily union |location=Washington, D.C. |page=3 |access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref> that was followed by a legislative vote held on January 7, 1850. The ultimate task of electing the governor had been placed before the [[Massachusetts General Court]] because no candidate received the majority of the vote required for a candidate to be elected through the popular election. Incumbent [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] [[Governor of Massachusetts|Governor]] [[George N. Briggs]] won the legislative vote and was therefore elected, defeating [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee [[George S. Boutwell]] and [[Free Soil Party|Free Soil]] nominee [[Stephen C. Phillips]].
==General election==
===Candidates===
*[[George N. Briggs]], Whig, incumbent Governor
*[[George S. Boutwell]], Democratic, state banking commissioner, former [[Massachusetts House of Representatives|State Representative]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/george-sewall-boutwell/ |title=Gov. George Sewall Boutwell |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website=www.nga.org |publisher=National Governors Association |access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref>
*[[Stephen C. Phillips]], Free Soil, former [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]], former [[List of mayors of Salem, Massachusetts|Mayor of]]<br>[[Salem, Massachusetts]]
===Results===
{{Election box begin | title=1849 Massachusetts gubernatorial election<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=233028 |title=MA Governor, 1849 |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=31 October 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Glashan |first=Roy R. |title=American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978 |publisher=Meckler Books |location=Westport, CT |year=1979 |pages=142–143 |isbn=0-930466-17-9}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Gubernatorial Elections, 1787-1997 |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=Congressional Quarterly Inc. |date=1998 |page=58 |isbn=1-56802-396-0 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Dubin |first=Michael J. |title=United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1776-1860: The Official Results by State and County |publisher=McFarland |year=2003 |page=116 |isbn=978-0-7864-1439-0 |location=Jefferson, North Carolina }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Kallenbach |editor1-first=Joseph E. |editor2-last=Kallenbach |editor2-first=Jessamine S. |date=1977 |title=American State Governors, 1776-1976 |volume=I |page=278 |location=Dobbs Ferry, N.Y. |publisher=Oceana Publications, Inc. |isbn=0-379-00665-0}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
| party = Whig Party (United States)
| candidate = [[George N. Briggs]]
| votes = 54,009
| percentage = 49.33%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| candidate = [[George S. Boutwell]]
| votes = 30,040
| percentage = 27.44%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
| party = Free Soil Party
| candidate = [[Stephen C. Phillips]]
| votes = 25,247
| percentage = 23.06%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Scattering
|candidate =
|votes = 193
|percentage = 0.18%
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
| votes = 23,969
| percentage = 21.89%
| change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
| votes = 109,849
| percentage =
| change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link |
| winner = Whig Party (United States)
| loser =
| swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Legislative election===
As no candidate received a majority of the vote, the [[Massachusetts General Court]] was required to decide the election. Under Article III of the [[Constitution of Massachusetts]], the House of Representatives chose two candidates from the top four vote-getters, the Senate electing the Governor from the House's choice.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://malegislature.gov/Laws/Constitution |title=Massachusetts Constitution |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website=The General Court of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts |publisher= |access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref>
Contemporary sources only record the House's vote as Briggs 157, Phillips 63, Boutwell 59, which would result in the nomination of Briggs but not Boutwell.<ref name="republic">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=January 10, 1850 |title=Governor of Massachusetts |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82014434/1850-01-10/ed-1/seq-2/ |work=The republic |location=Washington, D.C. |page=2 |access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref><ref name="weeklynationalintelligencer">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=January 12, 1850 |title=Election of Governor of Massachusetts |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83045784/1850-01-12/ed-1/seq-5/ |work=Weekly national intelligencer |location=Washington, D.C. |page=5 |access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref><ref name="nationalera">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=January 17, 1850 |title=Election of Governor in Massachusetts |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026752/1850-01-17/ed-1/seq-3/ |work=The national era |location=Washington, D.C. |page=11|access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref><ref name="virginiafreepress">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=January 17, 1850 |title=Election of Gov. Briggs |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026784/1850-01-17/ed-1/seq-3/ |work=Virginia free press |location=Charlestown, Va. |page=3 |access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref><ref name="lancastergazette">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=January 18, 1850 |title=Governor of Massachusetts |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87070038/1850-01-18/ed-1/seq-2/ |work=The Lancaster gazette |location=Lancaster, Ohio |page=2 |access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref><ref name="dailycrescent">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=January 18, 1850 |title=Governor of Massachusetts |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82015378/1850-01-18/ed-1/seq-2/ |work=The daily crescent |location=New Orleans, La. |page=2 |access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref><ref name="minnesotapioneer">{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=February 27, 1850 |title=Communicated |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83025241/1850-02-27/ed-1/seq-2/ |work=The Minnesota pioneer |location=St. Paul, Minn. Territory |page=2 |access-date=31 October 2022 }}</ref>
The legislative election was held on January 7, 1850.<ref name="kallenbach"/>
{{Election box begin no change | title=Legislative election<ref name="kallenbach">{{cite book |editor1-last=Kallenbach |editor1-first=Joseph E. |editor2-last=Kallenbach |editor2-first=Jessamine S. |date=1977 |title=American State Governors, 1776-1976 |volume=I |page=294 |location=Dobbs Ferry, N.Y. |publisher=Oceana Publications, Inc. |isbn=0-379-00665-0}}</ref><ref name="republic"/><ref name="weeklynationalintelligencer"/><ref name="nationalera"/><ref name="virginiafreepress"/><ref name="lancastergazette"/><ref name="dailycrescent"/><ref name="minnesotapioneer"/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change |
| party = Whig Party (United States)
| candidate = [[George N. Briggs]]
| votes = 23
| percentage = 65.71%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change |
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| candidate = [[George S. Boutwell]]
| votes = 12
| percentage = 34.29%
}}
{{Election box turnout no change |
| votes = 35
| percentage =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change |
| winner = Whig Party (United States)
| loser =
| swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Massachusetts elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1849-50 Massachusetts gubernatorial election}}
[[Category:Massachusetts gubernatorial elections]]
[[Category:1849 United States gubernatorial elections|Massachusetts]]
[[Category:1849 Massachusetts elections|Gubernatorial]]
[[Category:November 1849|Massachusetts gub]]
[[Category:January 1850|Massachusetts gub]]
[[Category:1850 Massachusetts elections|gubernatorial]]
| 1,271,238,562 |
[{"title": "1849\u201350 Massachusetts gubernatorial election", "data": {"\u2190 1848": "November 12, 1849 (popular election) \u00b7 January 7, 1850 (legislative vote) \u00b7 1850 \u2192", "Nominee": "George N. Briggs \u00b7 George S. Boutwell \u00b7 Stephen C. Phillips", "Party": "Whig \u00b7 Democratic \u00b7 Free Soil", "Popular vote": "54,009 \u00b7 30,040 \u00b7 25,247", "Percentage": "49.33% \u00b7 27.44% \u00b7 23.06%", "Senate vote": "23 \u00b7 65.71% \u00b7 12 \u00b7 34.29% \u00b7 Did not qualify", "Governor before election \u00b7 George N. Briggs \u00b7 Whig": "Elected Governor \u00b7 George N. Briggs \u00b7 Whig"}}]
| false |
# 1871 in Brazil
Events from the year 1871 in Brazil.
## Incumbents
- Monarch: Pedro II
- Prime Minister:
- Marquis of São Vicente (until 7 March)
- Viscount of Rio Branco (starting 7 March)
## Events
- September 28 - Law of Free Birth, or Rio Branco Law, passed by Brazilian Parliament, intending to provide freedom to all newborn children of slaves, and slaves of the state or crown.[1][2]
## Births
- August 27 - José Monteiro Ribeiro Junqueira [pt], politician from Minas Gerais (died 1946)
- September 12 - Mário Alves Monteiro Tourinho [pt], general (died 1964)
## Deaths
- February 7 - Princess Leopoldina of Brazil, daughter of Pedro II
- July 6 - Castro Alves, poet
- August 11 -Marcos Antônio Brício [pt], politician (born 1800)
- August 25 - José de Aquino Pinheiro, colonel of the Brazilian National Guard
- November 22 - Francisco Antônio Rocha Pita e Argolo [pt], baron and viscount (born 1831)
|
enwiki/42545608
|
enwiki
| 42,545,608 |
1871 in Brazil
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1871_in_Brazil
|
2024-08-29T18:16:03Z
|
en
|
Q16481831
| 70,000 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year in Brazil|1871}}
Events from the year '''1871 in [[Brazil]]'''.
==Incumbents==
*'''[[List of monarchs of Brazil|Monarch]]''': [[Pedro II of Brazil|Pedro II]]
*'''[[Prime Minister of Brazil#President of the Council of Ministers of the Empire of Brazil|Prime Minister]]''':
**[[José Antônio Pimenta Bueno, Marquis of São Vicente|Marquis of São Vicente]] (until 7 March)
**[[José Paranhos, Viscount of Rio Branco|Viscount of Rio Branco]] (starting 7 March)
==Events==
*[[September 28]] - [[Law of Free Birth]], or Rio Branco Law, passed by Brazilian Parliament, intending to provide freedom to all newborn children of slaves, and slaves of the state or crown.<ref>[[Teresa A. Meade]], ''A Brief History of Brazil'' (2009), p. 83.</ref><ref>Robert M. Levine, ''The History of Brazil'' (2003), p. 68.</ref>
==Births==
*[[August 27]] - {{ill|José Monteiro Ribeiro Junqueira|pt}}, politician from Minas Gerais (died [[1946 in Brazil|1946]])
*[[September 12]] - {{ill|Mário Alves Monteiro Tourinho|pt}}, general (died [[1964 in Brazil|1964]])
==Deaths==
*[[February 7]] - [[Princess Leopoldina of Brazil]], daughter of Pedro II
*[[July 6]] - [[Castro Alves]], poet
*[[August 11]] -{{ill|Marcos Antônio Brício|pt}}, politician (born [[1800 in Brazil|1800]])
*[[August 25]] - José de Aquino Pinheiro, colonel of the Brazilian National Guard
*[[November 22]] - {{ill|Francisco Antônio Rocha Pita e Argolo|pt}}, baron and viscount (born [[1831 in Brazil|1831]])
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{commons category}}
{{years in Brazil}}
{{South America topic|1871 in}}
{{Latin America topic|1871 in}}
[[Category:1871 in Brazil| ]]
[[Category:1870s in Brazil]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in Brazil]]
[[Category:1871 by country|Brazil]]
[[Category:1871 in South America|Brazil]]
| 1,242,960,162 |
[]
| false |
# 1893 Swiss animal protection referendum
A referendum on animal protection was held in Switzerland on 20 August 1893. Voters were asked whether they approved of prohibiting butchering without the animals being anaesthetised. The proposal was approved by 60.1% of voters and a narrow majority of cantons.
## Background
The referendum was a popular initiative, forced by the collection of 100,000 signatures. As it involved changing the constitution, a double majority of both votes and cantons was required for the proposal to pass.
## Results
| Choice | Popular vote | Popular vote | Cantons | Cantons | Cantons |
| Choice | Votes | % | Full | Half | Total |
| ------------------------- | ------------ | ------------ | ------- | ------- | ------- |
| For | 191,527 | 60.1 | 10 | 3 | 11.5 |
| Against | 127,101 | 39.9 | 9 | 3 | 10.5 |
| Blank votes | 8,600 | – | – | – | – |
| Invalid votes | 1,755 | – | – | – | – |
| Total | 328,983 | 100 | 19 | 6 | 22 |
| Registered voters/turnout | 668,913 | 49.2 | – | – | – |
| Source: Nohlen & Stöver | | | | | |
|
enwiki/35058840
|
enwiki
| 35,058,840 |
1893 Swiss animal protection referendum
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1893_Swiss_animal_protection_referendum
|
2024-01-23T17:24:49Z
|
en
|
Q1302571
| 110,902 |
{{Expand German|topic=gov|date=November 2022}}
{{infobox referendum
|date=20 August 1893
|country=Switzerland
|title=Federal popular initiative 'for a ban on slaughter without prior stunning'
|yes=191,527
|no=127,101
|invalid=10,355
|electorate=668,913
}}{{Politics of Switzerland}}
A referendum on animal protection was held in [[Switzerland]] on 20 August 1893.<ref name=NS>[[Dieter Nohlen|Nohlen, D]] & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1904 {{ISBN|9783832956097}}</ref> Voters were asked whether they approved of prohibiting butchering without the animals being anaesthetised.<ref name=NS/> The proposal was approved by 60.1% of voters and a narrow majority of cantons.<ref name=NS/>
==Background==
The referendum was a [[Federal popular initiative|popular initiative]],<ref name=NS/> forced by the collection of 100,000 signatures.<ref name=N2>Nohlen & Stöver, p1891</ref> As it involved changing the constitution, a double majority of both votes and cantons was required for the proposal to pass.<ref name=N2/>
==Results==
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
!rowspan=2|Choice
!colspan=2|Popular vote
!colspan=3|Cantons
|-
!Votes
!%
!Full
!Half
!Total
|-
|align=left|For||191,527||60.1||10||3||11.5
|-
|align=left|Against||127,101||39.9||9||3||10.5
|-
|align=left|Blank votes||8,600||–||–||–||–
|-
|align=left|Invalid votes||1,755||–||–||–||–
|-
|align=left|'''Total'''||'''328,983'''||'''100'''||'''19'''||'''6'''||'''22'''
|-
|align=left|Registered voters/turnout||668,913||49.2||–||–||–
|-
|align=left colspan=6|Source: Nohlen & Stöver
|}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Swiss elections}}
{{Portal bar|Politics|Switzerland}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1893 referendums|Switzerland]]
[[Category:1893 in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Antisemitism in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Halal meat]]
[[Category:Anti-Islam sentiment in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Jewish Swiss history]]
[[Category:Kosher meat]]
[[Category:Referendums in Switzerland]]
[[Category:Ritual slaughter]]
| 1,198,267,622 |
[{"title": "Results", "data": {"Choice": "Votes \u00b7 %", "Yes": "191,527 \u00b7 60.11%", "No": "127,101 \u00b7 39.89%", "Valid votes": "318,628 \u00b7 96.85%", "Invalid or blank votes": "10,355 \u00b7 3.15%", "Total votes": "328,983 \u00b7 100.00%", "Registered voters/turnout": "668,913 \u00b7 49.18%"}}]
| false |
# 122nd Guards Rifle Division
The 122nd Guards Rifle Division was an elite infantry division of the Red Army. It was formed in June 1945 from the 2nd formation of the 249th Estonian Rifle Division. The division was stationed in Estonia and disbanded in 1946.
## History
The division was formed on 28 June 1945 from the re-designated 249th Estonian Rifle Division. On the same date the entire 8th Estonian Rifle Corps was raised to Guards status as the 41st Guards Rifle Corps. On its formation the 122nd Guards inherited the honorific title and decorations of the 249th, with its full title being 122nd Guards Rifle Estonian, Order of Lenin, Order of the Red Banner Division. Col. August Yulianovich Feldman was in command of the 249th up to the German surrender and likely continued in command of the 122nd Guards until he was appointed deputy commander of the 41st Guards Corps.
This re-designation took place nearly two months after V-E Day, but before the Soviet invasion of Manchuria, so technically the 122nd Guards can be considered a wartime formation, although it did not see combat in Manchuria. The division was stationed in Tartu and was disbanded there in 1946.
### Citations
1. ↑ Charles C. Sharp, "Red Guards", Soviet Guards Rifle and Airborne Units Divisions 1941 to 1945, Soviet Order of Battle World War II, Vol. IV, Nafziger, 1995, p. 89
2. 1 2 Feskov et al 2013, p. 431
### Bibliography
- Feskov, V.I.; Golikov, V.I.; Kalashnikov, K.A.; Slugin, S.A. (2013). Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской [The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces] (in Russian). Tomsk: Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing. ISBN 9785895035306.
|
enwiki/43437583
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enwiki
| 43,437,583 |
122nd Guards Rifle Division
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/122nd_Guards_Rifle_Division
|
2022-12-08T17:41:58Z
|
en
|
Q17507453
| 169,212 |
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 122nd Guards Rifle Division (28 June 1945 – 1946)
|image=
|caption=
|dates= 28 June 1945 – 1946
|country= {{flag|Soviet Union|1936}}
|allegiance=
|branch= [[Image:Red Army flag.svg|23px]] [[Red Army]]
|type= Division
|role= Infantry
|size=
|command_structure=
|garrison=[[Tartu]]
|motto=
|march=
|mascot=
|battles=
|anniversaries=
| decorations = {{Order of Lenin Decoration}}<br>{{OrderRedBanner}}
| battle_honours = Estonian
|notable_commanders=
|current_commander=
}}
The '''122nd Guards Rifle Division''' was an elite infantry division of the [[Red Army]]. It was formed in June 1945 from the 2nd formation of the [[249th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|249th Estonian Rifle Division]]. The division was stationed in Estonia and disbanded in 1946.
== History ==
The division was formed on 28 June 1945 from the re-designated 249th Estonian Rifle Division. On the same date the entire [[8th Estonian Rifle Corps]] was raised to Guards status as the [[41st Guards Rifle Corps]]. On its formation the 122nd Guards inherited the honorific title and decorations of the 249th,<ref>Charles C. Sharp, ''"Red Guards", Soviet Guards Rifle and Airborne Units Divisions 1941 to 1945, Soviet Order of Battle World War II, Vol. IV'', Nafziger, 1995, p. 89</ref> with its full title being 122nd Guards Rifle Estonian, [[Order of Lenin]], [[Order of the Red Banner]] Division.<ref name=":0">Feskov et al 2013, p. 431</ref> Col. August Yulianovich Feldman was in command of the 249th up to the German surrender and likely continued in command of the 122nd Guards until he was appointed deputy commander of the 41st Guards Corps.
This re-designation took place nearly two months after [[V-E Day]], but before the [[Soviet invasion of Manchuria]], so technically the 122nd Guards can be considered a wartime formation, although it did not see combat in Manchuria. The division was stationed in [[Tartu]] and was disbanded there in 1946.<ref name=":0" />
== References ==
===Citations===
{{Reflist}}
===Bibliography===
* {{Cite book|title=Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской|last=Feskov|first=V.I.|last2=Golikov|first2=V.I.|last3=Kalashnikov|first3=K.A.|last4=Slugin|first4=S.A.|publisher=Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing|year=2013|isbn=9785895035306|location=Tomsk|language=Russian|trans-title=The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces|ref={{sfnRef|Feskov et al|2013}}}}
{{Soviet Union divisions before 1945|state=collapsed}}
[[Category:Infantry divisions of the Soviet Union in World War II|G122]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1945]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1946]]
[[Category:Military units and formations awarded the Order of the Red Banner]]
[[Category:1945 establishments in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:1946 disestablishments in the Soviet Union]]
| 1,126,312,389 |
[{"title": "122nd Guards Rifle Division (28 June 1945 \u2013 1946)", "data": {"Active": "28 June 1945 \u2013 1946", "Country": "Soviet Union", "Branch": "Red Army", "Type": "Division", "Role": "Infantry", "Garrison/HQ": "Tartu", "Decorations": "Order of Lenin \u00b7 Order of the Red Banner", "Battle honours": "Estonian"}}]
| false |
# 1854 in Switzerland
The following is a list of events, births, and deaths in 1854 in Switzerland.
## Incumbents
- Federal Council:
- Ulrich Ochsenbein then Jakob Stämpfli
- Jonas Furrer
- Josef Munzinger
- Henri Druey
- Friedrich Frey-Herosé (President)
- Wilhelm Matthias Naeff
- Stefano Franscini
## Events
- August 27 – Alfred Wills ascends the Wetterhorn, starting the golden age of alpinism[1]
- December 19 – The Basel SBB railway station is opened
- The West Switzerland Company is formed
- The United Bank of Switzerland is formed in the form of the Swiss Bank Corporation when six private banking firms pool their resources[2]
- ETH Zurich (The Federal Polytechnic Institute) is established.[3]
## Art and literature
- The fables of Jean Jacques Porchat are reissued under the new title Fables et paraboles
## Births
- March 30 – Alfred Ilg, engineer (d. 1916)
- April 19 – Emma Pieczynska-Reichenbach, abolitionist and feminist (d. 1927)
- August 2 – Eugène Ruffy, politician (d. 1919)[4]
- August 30 – Edmond Louis Budry, hymn writer (d. 1932)
- September 15 – Traugott Sandmeyer, chemist (d. 1922)
- September 23 – Charles Soret, physicist and chemist (d. 1904)
- September 24 – Robert Keller, botanist (d. 1939)
## Deaths
- May 12 – Melchior Berri, architect (b. 1801)
- October 22 – Jeremias Gotthelf, novelist (b. 1797)
- November 18 – Alberich Zwyssig, composer of the Swiss Psalm (b. 1808)
- John James Chalon, painter (b. 1778)
|
enwiki/39700393
|
enwiki
| 39,700,393 |
1854 in Switzerland
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1854_in_Switzerland
|
2025-02-15T07:21:43Z
|
en
|
Q2810253
| 69,950 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year in Switzerland |1854}}
The following is a list of events, births, and deaths in '''1854 in [[Switzerland]]'''.
== Incumbents ==
*[[Swiss Federal Council|Federal Council]]:
**[[Ulrich Ochsenbein]] then [[Jakob Stämpfli]]
**[[Jonas Furrer]]
**[[Josef Munzinger]]
**[[Henri Druey]]
**[[Friedrich Frey-Herosé]] (President)
**[[Wilhelm Matthias Naeff]]
**[[Stefano Franscini]]
== Events ==
* [[August 27]] – [[Alfred Wills]] ascends the [[Wetterhorn]], starting the [[golden age of alpinism]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Wetterhorn during the golden and the post golden age |url=http://www.summitpost.org/wetterhorn-during-the-golden-and-the-post-golden-age/593265 |publisher=summitpost.org |year=2010 |accessdate=2011-01-26 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131204224108/http://www.summitpost.org/wetterhorn-during-the-golden-and-the-post-golden-age/593265 |archivedate=2013-12-04 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 19]] – The [[Basel SBB railway station]] is opened
* The [[West Switzerland Company]] is formed
* The [[UBS|United Bank of Switzerland]] is formed in the form of the [[Swiss Bank Corporation]] when six private banking firms pool their resources<ref>[https://www.ubs.com/global/en/about_ubs/about_us/history.html UBS History]. Company website. Accessed 2013-06-17. [https://web.archive.org/web/20130628063342/http://www.ubs.com/global/en/about_ubs/about_us/history.html Archived] 2013-06-19.</ref>
* [[ETH Zurich]] (The Federal Polytechnic Institute) is established.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Schelbert |first1=Leo |title=Historical Dictionary of Switzerland |date=21 May 2014 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=978-1-4422-3352-2 |page=xxxii |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XRevAwAAQBAJ |language=en}}</ref>
== Art and literature ==
* The fables of Jean Jacques Porchat are reissued under the new title ''Fables et paraboles''
== Births ==
* [[March 30]] – [[Alfred Ilg]], engineer (d. [[1916 in Switzerland|1916]])
* [[April 19]] – [[Emma Pieczynska-Reichenbach]], abolitionist and feminist (d. [[1927 in Switzerland|1927]])
* [[August 2]] – [[Eugène Ruffy]], politician (d. [[1919 in Switzerland|1919]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Eugène Ruffy |url=https://www.admin.ch/gov/en/start/federal-council/members-of-the-federal-council/eugene-ruffy.html |website=www.admin.ch |access-date=4 March 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 30]] – [[Edmond Louis Budry]], hymn writer (d. [[1932 in Switzerland|1932]])
* [[September 15]] – [[Traugott Sandmeyer]], chemist (d. [[1922 in Switzerland|1922]])
* [[September 23]] – [[Charles Soret]], physicist and chemist (d. [[1904 in Switzerland|1904]])
* [[September 24]] – [[Robert Keller (botanist)|Robert Keller]], botanist (d. [[1939 in Switzerland|1939]])
== Deaths ==
* [[May 12]] – [[Melchior Berri]], architect (b. [[1801]])
* [[October 22]] – [[Jeremias Gotthelf]], novelist (b. [[1797]])
* [[November 18]] – [[Alberich Zwyssig]], composer of the [[Swiss Psalm]] (b. [[1808]])
* [[John James Chalon]], painter (b. [[1778]])
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Years in Switzerland}}
{{Year in Europe|1854}}
[[Category:1854 in Switzerland| ]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in Switzerland]]
| 1,275,821,489 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1853 - 1852 - 1851": "1854 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Switzerland \u00b7 \u2192 - 1855 - 1856 - 1857", "Decades": "1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s", "See also": "History of Switzerland Timeline of Swiss history List of years in Switzerland"}}]
| false |
# 1871 in Bolivia
## Incumbents
- President: Mariano Melgarejo until January 15,[1] Agustín Morales[2]
## Deaths
- November 23 - Mariano Melgarejo (assassinated in Lima, Peru)[1]
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enwiki/41311902
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enwiki
| 41,311,902 |
1871 in Bolivia
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1871_in_Bolivia
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2024-08-25T14:36:36Z
|
en
|
Q16242725
| 85,129 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year in Bolivia|1871}}
==Incumbents==
*[[President of Bolivia|President]]: [[Mariano Melgarejo]] until January 15,<ref name="Melgarejo">{{cite web |title=Newman Numismatic Portal at Washington University in St. Louis {{!}} Comprehensive Research & Reference for U.S. Coinage |url=https://nnp.wustl.edu/library/PersonDetail/1355 |accessdate=23 July 2018 |website=NNP at [[Washington University in St. Louis]]}}</ref> [[Agustín Morales]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Morales |first1=Waltraud Q. |title=A Brief History of Bolivia |date=2014 |publisher=Infobase Publishing |isbn=9781438108209 |page=67 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qiRe9XquFAkC&pg=PA67|language=en}}</ref>
==Events==
{{main|1871}}
==Births==
{{main|births in 1871}}
{{Further|Category:1871 births}}
==Deaths==
*November 23 - [[Mariano Melgarejo]] (assassinated in Lima, Peru)<ref name=Melgarejo />
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Years in Bolivia}}
{{South America topic|1871 in}}
[[Category:1871 in Bolivia| ]]
[[Category:1870s in Bolivia]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in Bolivia]]
{{Bolivia-hist-stub}}
{{Year-stub}}
| 1,242,197,884 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1870 - 1869 - 1868": "1871 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Bolivia \u00b7 \u2192 - 1872 - 1873 - 1874", "Decades": "1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s", "See also": "Other events of 1871 \u00b7 History of Bolivia \u2022 Years"}}]
| false |
# 1271 in poetry
## Births
- Eifuku-mon In (died 1342), Japanese poet of the Kamakura period and member of the Kyōgoku school of verse
- Awhadi of Maragheh (died 1338), Persian
|
enwiki/10817670
|
enwiki
| 10,817,670 |
1271 in poetry
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1271_in_poetry
|
2024-06-27T20:03:17Z
|
en
|
Q4548524
| 21,399 |
{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1271|poetry|literature}}
==Events==
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Births==
* [[Eifuku-mon In]] (died [[1342 in poetry|1342]]), Japanese poet of the [[Kamakura period]] and member of the Kyōgoku school of verse
* [[Awhadi of Maragheh]] (died [[1338 in poetry|1338]]), Persian
==Deaths==
[[Category:13th-century poetry]]
[[Category:1271|Poetry]]
{{Poetry-year-stub}}
| 1,231,338,143 |
[]
| false |
# 1874 West Maitland colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of West Maitland on 4 August 1874 because Benjamin Lee resigned.
## Dates
| Date | Event |
| -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 20 July 1874 | Benjamin Lee resigned. |
| 22 July 1874 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 3 August 1874 | Nominations |
| 4 August 1874 | Polling day |
| 31 August 1874 | Return of writ |
## Result
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| -------------------- | -------------------- | ----- | ---- |
| Lewis Levy (elected) | Lewis Levy (elected) | 647 | 80.1 |
| Archibald Hamilton | Archibald Hamilton | 129 | 19.9 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 647 | 97.9 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | 14 | 2.1 |
| Turnout | Turnout | 661 | 63.1 |
|
enwiki/66865813
|
enwiki
| 66,865,813 |
1874 West Maitland colonial by-election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1874_West_Maitland_colonial_by-election
|
2021-06-07T23:54:08Z
|
en
|
Q105636050
| 58,893 |
{{Short description|By-election in New South Wales, Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
A by-election was held for the [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly]] electorate of [[Electoral district of West Maitland|West Maitland]] on 4 August 1874 because [[Benjamin Lee (Australian politician)|Benjamin Lee]] resigned.<ref name="Benjamin Lee NSW parl">{{cite NSW Parliament |name=Mr Benjamin Lee (1825-1917) |id=556 |former=Yes |access-date=2021-02-23}}</ref>
==Dates==
{| class="wikitable"
! Date !! Event
|-
| 20 July 1874
| Benjamin Lee resigned.<ref name="Benjamin Lee NSW parl"/>
|-
| 22 July 1874
| [[Writ of election]] issued by the [[Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly|Speaker of the Legislative Assembly]].<ref name="Writ">{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224727058 |title=Writ of election: West Maitland |newspaper=[[New South Wales Government Gazette]] |issue=179 |date=22 July 1874 |access-date=2021-02-23 |page=2251 |via=Trove}}</ref>
|-
| 3 August 1874
| Nominations
|-
| 4 August 1874
| Polling day
|-
| 31 August 1874
| Return of writ
|}
==Result==
{{Election box begin no party no change AU
|title=<includeonly>[[1874 West Maitland colonial by-election|</includeonly>1874 West Maitland by-election<includeonly>]]</includeonly><br>Tuesday 4 August{{hsp}}<ref name="Green">{{cite NSW election |title=1874 West Maitland by-election |year=1872 |district=West Maitland_1 |access-date=2021-02-23}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate no party no change
|candidate = [[Lewis Levy]] (elected)
|votes = 647
|percentage = 80.1
}}
{{Election box candidate no party no change
|candidate = [[Archibald Sillars Hamilton|Archibald Hamilton]]
|votes = 129
|percentage = 19.9
}}
{{Election box formal no party no change AU
|votes = 647
|percentage = 97.9
}}
{{Election box informal no party no change AU
|votes = 14
|percentage = 2.1
}}
{{Election box turnout no party no change AU
|votes = 661
|percentage = 63.1
}}
{{Election box end}}<includeonly>
[[Benjamin Lee (Australian politician)|Benjamin Lee]] resigned.<ref name="Green"/></includeonly>
==See also==
*[[Electoral results for the district of West Maitland]]
*[[List of New South Wales state by-elections]]
<!--
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
-->
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{NSW by-elections 7th parl|state=expanded}}
{{Results of New South Wales state elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:West Maitland 1874}}
[[Category:1874 elections in Australia]]
[[Category:New South Wales state by-elections]]
[[Category:1870s in New South Wales]]
| 1,027,444,977 |
[]
| false |
# 1900 Michigan Wolverines football team
| Minnesota + | 3 | – | 0 | – | 1 | | | 10 | – | 0 | – | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Iowa + | 2 | – | 0 | – | 1 | | | 7 | – | 0 | – | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Wisconsin | 2 | – | 1 | – | 0 | | | 8 | – | 1 | – | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Michigan | 3 | – | 2 | – | 0 | | | 7 | – | 2 | – | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Northwestern | 2 | – | 1 | – | 2 | | | 7 | – | 2 | – | 3 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Chicago | 2 | – | 3 | – | 1 | | | 9 | – | 5 | – | 1 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Indiana | 1 | – | 2 | – | 1 | | | 4 | – | 2 | – | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Illinois | 1 | – | 3 | – | 2 | | | 7 | – | 3 | – | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Purdue | 0 | – | 4 | – | 0 | | | 4 | – | 4 | – | 0 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| - + – Conference co-champions | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
The 1900 Michigan Wolverines football team was an American football team that represented the University of Michigan in the 1900 Western Conference football season. In their first and only season under head coach Langdon Lea, the team compiled a 7–2–1 record (3–2 against conference opponents), finished fourth in the Western Conference, and outscored opponents by a total of 117 to 55. Michigan opened the season with six wins, but went 1–2–1 in the final four games, including losses to Iowa and Chicago.
Right end Neil Snow was the captain of the 1900 team. Right halfback Daniel Woodard was the team's leading scorer with 25 points on five touchdowns (five points each). Fullback Everett Sweeley added 22 points on two touchdowns (both long kickoff returns), seven kicks for goal after touchdown (one point each), and a field goal (five points). Tackle Hugh White also had 20 points on four touchdowns.
After the 1900 season, Langdon Lea left Michigan to become the head coach at his alma mater, Princeton. Michigan hired Fielding H. Yost as its head football coach for the 1901 season.
## Schedule
| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| ------------------------------- | ------------ | --------------------------------------- | ------ | ------------ |
| September 29 | Hillsdale* | Regents Field Ann Arbor, MI | W 29–0 | 300 |
| October 6 | Kalamazoo* | Regents Field Ann Arbor, MI | W 11–0 | |
| October 13 | Case* | Regents Field Ann Arbor, MI | W 24–6 | |
| October 20 | Purdue | Regents Field Ann Arbor, MI | W 11–6 | 2,500 |
| October 27 | vs. Illinois | Marshall Field Chicago, IL ( rivalry ) | W 12–0 | 8,000–10,000 |
| November 3 | Indiana | Regents Field Ann Arbor, MI | W 12–0 | 2,000 |
| November 10 | vs. Iowa | Bennett Park Detroit, MI | L 5–28 | 5,000 |
| November 17 | Notre Dame* | Regents Field Ann Arbor, MI ( rivalry ) | W 7–0 | |
| November 24 | Ohio State* | Regents Field Ann Arbor, MI ( rivalry ) | T 0–0 | 3,000 |
| November 29 | at Chicago | Marshall Field Chicago, IL ( rivalry ) | L 6–15 | 10,000 |
| *Non-conference game Homecoming | | | | |
## Season summary
### Preseason
In 1900, Michigan hired Langdon Lea, who had played for Princeton from 1892 to 1895, as its head football coach. A newspaper reported on expectations raised by his hiring: "Coach Langdon Lea, the famous Princetonian, is expected to revolutionize affairs among the Wolverines and to raise the team to its old standing. The great trouble in the past few years has been the lack of efficient coaching, and it is hoped that Lea will supply that necessary." Another newspaper reported on the hiring of Lea away from Princeton this way: "Langdon Lea, better known as 'Biffy,' is to coach the Michigan university team. This practice of putting well known eastern football players in charge of the teams of western universities has certainly improved the standard of play, and in many instances has often wrought havoc with the alma maters of the coaches. Some years ago the big eastern colleges tried to prevent their graduates from accepting positions as coaches on other teams, but the fat salaries offered were inducements too great to be cast aside."
Lea brought with him Martin V. Bergen, another Princeton alumnus, as his assistant coach in charge of the backs.
Training camp got underway on approximately September 25 with coaches Lea and Bergen. Lea expressed concern with the team's lack of depth at the tackle, guard, and center positions.
### Week 1: Hillsdale
On September 29, 1900, Michigan opened its season with a 29–0 victory over Hillsdale in front of a crowd of approximately 300 members of the Athletic Association at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. The game was played in two halves of 10 minutes. The whole game lasted approximately 30 minutes.
Michigan scored five touchdowns (worth five points each) and kicked four goals from touchdown (worth one point each). The touchdowns were scored by the left halfback Edward Everett Webber, right halfback Daniel Woodard (two), left end Charles Woodhams, and fullback Everett Sweeley. The goals were kicked by Webber (three) and Sweeley. Woodhams blocked a Hillsdale punt and recovered it over the goal line for his touchdown. Sweeley's touchdown was scored on a 100-yard kickoff return.
After the game, Michigan coach Langdon Lea conducted a football tutorial for both the Michigan and Hillsdale players.
### Week 2: Kalamazoo
On October 6, 1900, Michigan defeated Kalamazoo by an 11–0 score at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. On the opening kickoff, Everett Sweeley took the ball at the five-yard line and ran 105 yards (the field was 110 yards in 1900) for a touchdown behind excellent interference from his Michigan teammates, including Neil Snow. Edward Everett Webber kicked the goal from touchdown to give Michigan a 6–0 lead. In the second half, Hugh White scored Michigan's second touchdown on a two-yard run, and Snow missed the kick for goal from touchdown. Ned Begle had a 60-yard punt for Michigan. The game was played in 15-minute halves.
### Week 3: Case
On October 13, 1900, Michigan defeated Case Scientific School by a 24–6 score at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. Michigan scored on touchdowns by Edward Everett Webber, Tom Marks, Frank Boggs, and Ned Begle. Michigan converted all four goals from touchdown (two by Webber and one each by Neil Snow and Albert E. Herrnstein). Michigan's defense held Case to only two first downs in the game. Case scored when a Michigan punt from inside the five-yard line was blocked and recovered by left end Peterka across Michigan's goal line. The game was played in 20-minute halves. After the game, coach Lea said: "I have only to say that the team played altogether too slow. They were slow in lining up and slow in calling signals. . . . About Case scoring, the fault lies with the line for not holding and with Begle for being too slow punting."
### Week 4: Purdue
On October 20, 1900, Michigan opened its Western Conference schedule with an 11–6 win over Purdue before a homecoming crowd of 2,500 at Regents Field. The game was played in 25-minute halves. Michigan gained 301 yards in the game, and the line limited Purdue to only one first down. Sweeley also received praise for his punting, including one instance where he recovered his own punt. Purdue's touchdown came when Sweeley lost a punt in the sun, fumbled it at Michigan's 39-yard line, and a Purdue player (Miller) returned it for a touchdown. Right halfback Daniel Woodard scored Michigan's first touchdown, and Sweeley missed the kick for goal. Left tackle Hugh White scored Michigan's second touchdown, and Sweeley kicked the goal. White's touchdown came on a play in which Neil Snow blocked a Purdue punt, and White recovered the loose ball over the goal line.
### Week 5: vs. Illinois
On October 27, 1900, Michigan defeated Illinois by a 12–0 score before a crowd estimated at between 8,000 and 10,000 persons at Marshall Field in Chicago. Michigan fans occupied the east bleachers, and Illinois fans with their band the west bleachers. An additional 2,000 students listened to the returns at the campus gymnasium in Ann Arbor. The game began at 2:43 p.m. Left halfback Daniel Woodard scored Michigan's first touchdown on a two-yard run in the first half, and Everett Sweeley kicked for goal. Later in the first half, right tackle Hugh White ran one yard for a touchdown, and Sweeley again kicked for goal. Neither team scored in the second half.
### Week 6: Indiana
On November 3, 1900, Michigan defeated Indiana by a 12–0 score before a crowd of 2,000 persons at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. The game was played in halves of 25 and 20 minutes. Indiana's players outweighed the Michigan players and utilized "Pennsylvania's guards back formation" to capitalize on their superior weight. However, Michigan's defense held and did not allow the Hoosiers to score. The game was marked by "rough play", including an Indiana player slugging Curtis Redden in the face, though unseen by the umpire. Right halfback Daniel Woodard scored Michigan's first touchdown on a short run in the first half, and Everett Sweeley kicked for goal. In the second half, Indiana attempted to punt from behind the goal line, and the ball hit the cross bar of the goal. The ball bounced backward, and Redden fell on it for Michigan's second touchdown. Sweeley again kicked for goal. After the game, Michigan trainer Keene Fitzpatrick noted: "Indiana has a heavy team; I believe it is the heaviest I ever saw Michigan play against here in the west."
### Week 7: vs. Iowa
On November 10, 1900, Michigan lost to Iowa by a 28–5 score at Bennett Park in Detroit. The game drew 5,000 persons, the largest crowd to watch a football game in Detroit to that time. In the hours before the game began, large numbers of Michigan fans arrived in Detroit and paraded through the city streets behind their band, wearing ribbons, blowing horns, and singing songs. However, the large and boisterous Michigan crowd had no impact on Iowa. Michigan's student newspaper described the Iowa attack as follows: "Iowa has developed team work that is little short of wonderful. Their tandem plays and shell-like formations sent the man with the ball for an almost sure gain in every scrimmage." Everett Sweeley accounted for Michigan's only points on a field goal from place kick (field goals were worth five points under 1900 rules) from the thirty-five yard line just before the end of the second half. The game was played in 35-minute halves.
### Week 8: Notre Dame
On November 17, 1900, Michigan defeated Pat O'Dea's Notre Dame team by a 7–0 score at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. Early in the game, Notre Dame fumbled a punt, and Michigan recovered the ball at Notre Dame's 10-yard line. Left halfback Arthur Redner then "took a cross buck" and ran through Notre Dame's left tackle for a touchdown. A short time later, Notre Dame fullback Louis J. Salmon attempted to punt from deep in Notre Dame territory. The snap went wide, and the ball rolled over the goal line. Salmon picked up the ball, but he was tackled by Redner for a safety. Both Michigan scores came in the first ten minutes of the game, and Notre Dame dominated the line of scrimmage for the remainder of the game. Salmon starred for Notre Dame and was praised for his punting and ball carrying. Michigan's Neil Snow did not play due to injury. The game was played in halves of 25 and 20 minutes.
### Week 9: Ohio State
On November 24, 1900, Michigan and Ohio State played to a scoreless tie before a crowd of 3,000 spectators at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. Three trains from Ohio, two from Columbus and one from Toledo, poured into Ann Arbor on the morning of the game, bringing 1,200 Ohio State fans "[b]edecked in cardinal and gray ribbons and flourishing gaudy Ohio banners". The U. of M. Daily noted that the Ohio fans "took the town by storm" and that 200 Ohio State female students "set a worthy example for the girls at Michigan."
As the game commenced at 2:30 p.m., snow and sleet began falling. The field became muddy and slippery, making it difficult for either team's ball carriers to gain traction or speed in advancing the ball. Ohio utilized "straight football" while on offense with McClaren and Westwater as the main ball carriers. During the second half, Michigan employed a "tandem formation" in an effort to aggregate sufficient weight to gain ground on the slippery field. Michigan advanced to Ohio State's 13-yard line in the second half, but came up a half inch short of the five yards required for first down and lost the ball on downs. Everett Sweeley and Neil Snow were the stars of the game for Michigan. In the second half, with the wind in Michigan's favor, "Sweeley's kicking gave Michigan an advantage, and the play was entirely in Ohio's territory." Despite the Wolverines' inability to score, The U. of M. Daily wrote that the team "put up the best game it has shown this season with the possible exception of the Illinois game." The game was played in 25-minute halves.
After the game, coach Lea said: "The team played good but not fast enough. . . . The tandem play seemed in a measure to help on the slippery field, but it is a poor play and only good for short gains, while it tired out the whole team. We shall cut it out in future."
### Week 10: at Chicago
On Thanksgiving Day, November 29, 1900, Michigan lost to Chicago by a 15–6 score at Marshall Field in Chicago. The game, which started at 2:00 p.m., drew a crowd of 10,000, including 3,000 Michigan rooters in the west bleachers and 4,000 Chicago rooters in the east bleachers.
The Chicago team came into the game as an underdog, having lost five games in a row for the longest losing streak in program history. However, the Maroons had rested for 12 days before the game, while Michigan had played Ohio State only five days earlier. After recovering a fumble deep in Chicago territory, Michigan took a 6-0 lead early in the game on a touchdown by left tackle Hugh White. Everett Sweeley kicked the goal after touchdown. Michigan used the "old Princeton tandem formation" to carry the ball straight down field. After Michigan took its lead, Chicago fullback E. E. Perkins scored three touchdowns, one in the first half and two in the second half. The Chicago Tribune touted Perkins, a backup who appeared in the game wearing a nose protector, as the hero of Chicago. The great Yale football player, Pudge Heffelfinger, served as referee at the game.
### Post-season
After the season, Michigan released its football receipts and expenses, showing a small profit as follows:
RECEIPTS
Illinois (net) . . . $1,648
Iowa (net) . . . 2,084
Chicago (net) . . . 4,498
Seven other games (gross) . . . 2,099
Class game . . . 141
Athletic Association dance . . . 117
Mass meeting subscriptions . . . 1,946
Total . . . $12,533
EXPENSES
Deficit on September 1 . . . $1,500
Guarantees (five games) . . . 990
Interscholastic loss . . . 100
Coach Lea . . . 3,500
Scrub Coach Talcott . . . 200
Trainer Fitzpatrick . . . 500
Assistant coach Bergen . . . 170
Football supplies . . . 595
Grand stands . . . 1,629
Sinking fund . . . 2,000
Miscellaneous 1,029
Total . . . $12,213
Balance on hand . . . 320
In February 1901, Langdon Lea was hired as Princeton's head football coach, foregoing a contract renewal at Michigan reported to be worth $4,000.
## Personnel
### Varsity letter winners
The following 12 players received varsity "M" letters for their participation on the 1900 football team: Players who started at least half of Michigan's games are displayed in bold.
- Ned Begle, Ann Arbor, Michigan – started 3 games at left halfback, 1 game at fullback, 1 game at right halfback
- Henry R. Brown, Chillicothe, Ohio – center
- Samuel G. Kelly, Knob Noster, Missouri – started 6 games at right guard, 1 game at left guard
- Thomas R. Marks, Indianapolis, Indiana – started 6 games at left guard, 1 game at right tackle
- Curtis Redden, Rossville, Illinois – started 10 games at left end, 1 game at right end
- Arthur Redner, Bessemer, Michigan – started 3 games at left halfback
- Walter W. Shaw, Kansas City, Missouri – started 2 games at right halfback
- Bruce Shorts, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan – started 4 games at right tackle
- Neil Snow, Detroit, Michigan – started 9 games at right end
- Everett Sweeley, Sioux City, Iowa – started 9 games at fullback
- Harrison S. "Boss" Weeks, Allegan, Michigan – started 2 games at quarterback
- Hugh White, Lapeer, Michigan – started 7 games at left tackle, 3 games at right tackle
### Reserves
- Charles F. Bliss, Durham, Maine – guard
- Frank Kinney Boggs, Cheboygan, Michigan – started 2 games at right tackle, 1 game at left tackle
- Arthur D. Brookfield, Englewood, Illinois – guard
- Henry J. Brown, Chillicothe, Ohio – started 3 games at center
- George Burns, Fremont, Michigan – guard
- Harry S. Durant, Chicago, Illinois – started 1 game at left tackle
- Philip P. Farnham, Brighton, Michigan – end
- Herbert Spencer Graver, Chicago, Illinois – halfback
- Albert E. Herrnstein, Chillicothe, Ohio – started 1 game at left halfback
- William H. Herrnstein, Chillicothe, Ohio – fullback
- Harvey Wellman Hincks, Manistee, Michigan – halfback
- Joseph C. Horgan, Victor, Colorado – tackle
- Edwin McGinnis, Englewood, Illinois – started 8 games at quarterback
- Max (or Albert) Neal, Indiana, Pennsylvania – started 1 game at left end
- Samuel J. Sackett, Ann Arbor, Michigan – halfback
- Benjamin Harrison Southworth, Reading, Michigan – center
- Norman Sterry, Los Angeles, California – tackle
- William T. Walker, Toledo, Ohio – started 1 game at left tackle
- Edward Everett Webber, Austin, Illinois – started 3 games at left halfback, 1 game at right halfback
- Milo T. White, Fremont, Michigan – fullback
- Ebin Wilson, Lapeer, Michigan – started 7 games at center
- Daniel W. Woodard, Clinton, Michigan – started 4 games at right halfback
### Others
- Lee Barkenbus, Kalamazoo, Michigan – started 3 games at left guard
### Awards and honors
- Captain: Neil Snow[1]
### Coaching and training staff
- Coach: Langdon Lea[1]
- Assistant coaches: Martin V. Bergen (backs),[5] William Wilson Talcott (scrubs)[23]
- Trainer: Keene Fitzpatrick[1]
- Manager: Harry K. Crafts[1]
### Scoring leaders
| Player | Touchdowns | Extra points | Field goals | Safeties | Total |
| --------------------- | ---------- | ------------ | ----------- | -------- | ----- |
| Daniel Woodard | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 |
| Everett Sweeley | 2 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 22 |
| Hugh White | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
| Edward Everett Webber | 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 16 |
| Arthur Redner | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 7 |
| Ned Begle | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Frank Boggs | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Tom Marks | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Curtis Redden | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Charles Woodhams | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 |
| Albert E. Herrnstein | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Neil Snow | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Total | 19 | 15 | 1 | 1 | 117 |
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1900 Michigan Wolverines football team
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{{short description|American college football season}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox college sports team season
| year = 1900
| team = Michigan Wolverines
| sport = football
| image = Michigan Wolverines footb 1900.jpg
| image_size = 285
| conference = [[Big Ten Conference|Western Conference]]
| short_conf = Western
| record = 7–2–1
| conf_record = 3–2
| head_coach = [[Langdon Lea]]
| hc_year = 1st
| captain = [[Neil Snow]]
| stadium = [[Regents Field]]
}}
{{1900 Western Conference football standings}}
[[File:Everett Sweeley.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Fullback [[Everett Sweeley]] returned two kickoffs for touchdowns of 100 and 105 yards.]]
The '''1900 Michigan Wolverines football team''' was an [[American football]] team that represented the [[University of Michigan]] in the [[1900 Western Conference football season]]. In their first and only season under head coach [[Langdon Lea]], the team compiled a 7–2–1 record (3–2 against conference opponents), finished fourth in the [[Big Ten Conference|Western Conference]], and outscored opponents by a total of 117 to 55. Michigan opened the season with six wins, but went 1–2–1 in the final four games, including losses to [[1900 Iowa Hawkeyes football team|Iowa]] and [[1900 Chicago Maroons football team|Chicago]].<ref name=t00>{{cite web|title=1900 Football Team|publisher=Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan|url=https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1900fbt.htm|access-date=July 6, 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=1900 Michigan Wolverines Schedule and Results|publisher=Sports Reference LLC|work=SR/College Football|access-date=July 6, 2018|url=https://www.sports-reference.com/cfb/schools/michigan/1900-schedule.html}}</ref>
Right end [[Neil Snow]] was the captain of the 1900 team. Right halfback Daniel Woodard was the team's leading scorer with 25 points on five touchdowns (five points each). Fullback [[Everett Sweeley]] added 22 points on two touchdowns (both long kickoff returns), seven kicks for goal after touchdown (one point each), and a field goal (five points). Tackle [[Hugh White (American football)|Hugh White]] also had 20 points on four touchdowns.
After the 1900 season, Langdon Lea left Michigan to become the head coach at his alma mater, [[Princeton Tigers football|Princeton]]. Michigan hired [[Fielding H. Yost]] as its head football coach for the 1901 season.
==Schedule==
{{CFB schedule
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = September 29
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| opponent = {{cfb link|year=1900|team=Hillsdale Dales|title=Hillsdale}}
| site_stadium = [[Regents Field]]
| site_cityst = [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor, MI]]
| score = 29–0
| attend = 300
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 6
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| opponent = {{cfb link|year=1900|team=Kalamazoo Hornets|title=Kalamazoo}}
| site_stadium = Regents Field
| site_cityst = Ann Arbor, MI
| score = 11–0
| attend =
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 13
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| opponent = {{cfb link|year=1900|team=Case|title=Case}}
| site_stadium = Regents Field
| site_cityst = Ann Arbor, MI
| score = 24–6
| attend =
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 20
| w/l = w
| homecoming = y
| opponent = [[1900 Purdue Boilermakers football team|Purdue]]
| site_stadium = Regents Field
| site_cityst = Ann Arbor, MI
| score = 11–6
| attend = 2,500
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 27
| w/l = w
| neutral = y
| opponent = [[1900 Illinois Fighting Illini football team|Illinois]]
| site_stadium = [[Stagg Field|Marshall Field]]
| site_cityst = [[Chicago|Chicago, IL]]
| gamename = [[Illinois–Michigan football rivalry|rivalry]]
| score = 12–0
| attend = 8,000–10,000
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 3
| w/l = w
| opponent = [[1900 Indiana Hoosiers football team|Indiana]]
| site_stadium = Regents Field
| site_cityst = Ann Arbor, MI
| score = 12–0
| attend = 2,000
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 10
| w/l = l
| neutral = y
| opponent = [[1900 Iowa Hawkeyes football team|Iowa]]
| site_stadium = [[Bennett Park (Detroit)|Bennett Park]]
| site_cityst = [[Detroit|Detroit, MI]]
| score = 5–28
| attend = 5,000
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 17
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| opponent = [[1900 Notre Dame football team|Notre Dame]]
| site_stadium = Regents Field
| site_cityst = Ann Arbor, MI
| gamename = [[Michigan–Notre Dame football rivalry|rivalry]]
| score = 7–0
| attend =
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 24
| w/l = t
| nonconf = y
| opponent = [[1900 Ohio State Buckeyes football team|Ohio State]]
| site_stadium = Regents Field
| site_cityst = Ann Arbor, MI
| gamename = [[Michigan–Ohio State football rivalry|rivalry]]
| score = 0–0
| attend = 3,000
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 29
| w/l = l
| away = y
| opponent = [[1900 Chicago Maroons football team|Chicago]]
| site_stadium = Marshall Field
| site_cityst = Chicago, IL
| gamename = [[Chicago–Michigan football rivalry|rivalry]]
| score = 6–15
| attend = 10,000
}}
}}
==Season summary==
===Preseason===
[[File:Langdon Lea (cropped).jpg|155px|right|thumb|Head coach [[Langdon Lea]]]]
In 1900, Michigan hired [[Langdon Lea]], who had played for Princeton from 1892 to 1895, as its head football coach. A newspaper reported on expectations raised by his hiring: "Coach Langdon Lea, the famous Princetonian, is expected to revolutionize affairs among the Wolverines and to raise the team to its old standing. The great trouble in the past few years has been the lack of efficient coaching, and it is hoped that Lea will supply that necessary."<ref>{{cite news |title=Football |publisher=The Lincoln Evening News |date=October 13, 1900}}</ref> Another newspaper reported on the hiring of Lea away from Princeton this way: "Langdon Lea, better known as 'Biffy,' is to coach the Michigan university team. This practice of putting well known eastern football players in charge of the teams of western universities has certainly improved the standard of play, and in many instances has often wrought havoc with the alma maters of the coaches. Some years ago the big eastern colleges tried to prevent their graduates from accepting positions as coaches on other teams, but the fat salaries offered were inducements too great to be cast aside."<ref>{{cite news |title=The Sporting World |publisher=Lincoln Evening News |date=September 8, 1900}}</ref>
Lea brought with him [[Martin V. Bergen]], another Princeton alumnus, as his assistant coach in charge of the backs.<ref name=Coaches>{{cite news|title=Michigan's New Coaches: Head Coach Lea and Assistant Bergen Take Hold With Vim|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=September 26, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/21|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
Training camp got underway on approximately September 25 with coaches Lea and Bergen. Lea expressed concern with the team's lack of depth at the tackle, guard, and center positions.<ref name=Coaches/><ref>{{cite news|title=Practice Under Lea: The Men Work Willingly but there is a Dearth of Material for the Line|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=September 26, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/21|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
===Week 1: Hillsdale===
{{AFB game box start
|Title='''Hillsdale at Michigan'''
|Visitor={{cfb link|year=1900|team=Hillsdale Dales|title=Hillsdale}}
|V1=0 |V2=0
|Host='''Michigan'''
|H1=18 |H2=11
|Date=September 29
|Location=[[Regents Field]], [[Ann Arbor, MI]]
| Attendance =300
| Referee =
}}
{{AFB game box end}}
On September 29, 1900, Michigan opened its season with a 29–0 victory over {{cfb link|year=1900|team=Hillsdale Dales|title=Hillsdale}} in front of a crowd of approximately 300 members of the Athletic Association at [[Regents Field]] in [[Ann Arbor, Michigan|Ann Arbor]]. The game was played in two halves of 10 minutes. The whole game lasted approximately 30 minutes.<ref name=Hill/>
Michigan scored five touchdowns (worth five points each) and kicked four goals from touchdown (worth one point each). The touchdowns were scored by the left halfback Edward Everett Webber, right halfback Daniel Woodard (two), left end Charles Woodhams, and fullback [[Everett Sweeley]]. The goals were kicked by Webber (three) and Sweeley. Woodhams blocked a Hillsdale punt and recovered it over the goal line for his touchdown. Sweeley's touchdown was scored on a 100-yard kickoff return.<ref name=Hill/>
After the game, Michigan coach Langdon Lea conducted a football tutorial for both the Michigan and Hillsdale players.<ref name=Hill>{{cite news|title=Make a Good Showing: Varsity Players Run Up Score On Hillsdale in Short Halves|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=September 30, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/39|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
===Week 2: Kalamazoo===
{{AFB game box start
|Title='''Kalamazoo at Michigan'''
|Visitor={{cfb link|year=1900|team=Kalamazoo Hornets|title=Kalamazoo}}
|V1=0 |V2=0
|Host='''Michigan'''
|H1=6 |H2=5
|Date=October 6
|Location=[[Regents Field]], [[Ann Arbor, MI]]
| Attendance =
| Referee =
}}
{{AFB game box end}}
On October 6, 1900, Michigan defeated {{cfb link|year=1900|team=Kalamazoo Hornets|title=Kalamazoo}} by an 11–0 score at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. On the opening kickoff, [[Everett Sweeley]] took the ball at the five-yard line and ran 105 yards (the field was 110 yards in 1900) for a touchdown behind excellent interference from his Michigan teammates, including [[Neil Snow]]. Edward Everett Webber kicked the goal from touchdown to give Michigan a 6–0 lead. In the second half, Hugh White scored Michigan's second touchdown on a two-yard run, and Snow missed the kick for goal from touchdown. Ned Begle had a 60-yard punt for Michigan. The game was played in 15-minute halves.<ref>{{cite news|title=By a Small Score: Michigan Victor Over Kalamazoo by 11 to 0|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=October 7, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/63|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=The Kalamazoo Game|publisher=Michigan Alumnus|date=Nov 1900|pages=68–69|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zWxDn-2YVNkC}}</ref>
===Week 3: Case===
On October 13, 1900, Michigan defeated {{cfb link|year=1900|team=Case|title=Case Scientific School}} by a 24–6 score at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. Michigan scored on touchdowns by Edward Everett Webber, Tom Marks, Frank Boggs, and Ned Begle. Michigan converted all four goals from touchdown (two by Webber and one each by [[Neil Snow]] and [[Albert E. Herrnstein]]). Michigan's defense held Case to only two first downs in the game. Case scored when a Michigan punt from inside the five-yard line was blocked and recovered by left end Peterka across Michigan's goal line. The game was played in 20-minute halves.<ref name=UMDCase/><ref>{{cite news|title=The Case Game|publisher=Michigan Alumnus|date=Nov 1900|pages=69–70|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zWxDn-2YVNkC}}</ref> After the game, coach Lea said: "I have only to say that the team played altogether too slow. They were slow in lining up and slow in calling signals. . . . About Case scoring, the fault lies with the line for not holding and with Begle for being too slow punting."<ref name=UMDCase>{{cite news|title='Varsity Must Brace Up: Case Scores Against Us Again -- Score 24 to 6|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=October 14, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/87|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
===Week 4: Purdue===
{{AFB game box start
|Title='''Purdue at Michigan'''
|Visitor=[[1900 Purdue Boilermakers football team|Purdue]]
|V1=6 |V2=0
|Host='''Michigan'''
|H1=0 |H2=11
|Date=October 20
|Location=[[Regents Field]], [[Ann Arbor, MI]]
| Attendance =2,500<ref name=t00/>
| Referee =
}}
{{AFB game box end}}
On October 20, 1900, Michigan opened its [[Big Ten Conference|Western Conference]] schedule with an 11–6 win over [[1900 Purdue Boilermakers football team|Purdue]] before a homecoming crowd of 2,500 at Regents Field. The game was played in 25-minute halves. Michigan gained 301 yards in the game, and the line limited Purdue to only one first down. Sweeley also received praise for his punting, including one instance where he recovered his own punt. Purdue's touchdown came when Sweeley lost a punt in the sun, fumbled it at Michigan's 39-yard line, and a Purdue player (Miller) returned it for a touchdown. Right halfback Daniel Woodard scored Michigan's first touchdown, and Sweeley missed the kick for goal. Left tackle [[Hugh White (American football)|Hugh White]] scored Michigan's second touchdown, and Sweeley kicked the goal. White's touchdown came on a play in which [[Neil Snow]] blocked a Purdue punt, and White recovered the loose ball over the goal line.<ref>{{cite news|title=Michigan 11, Purdue 6|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=October 21, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/111|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
===Week 5: vs. Illinois===
{{AFB game box start
|Title='''Michigan vs. Illinois'''
|Visitor='''Michigan'''
|V1=12 |V2=0
|Host=[[1900 Illinois Fighting Illini football team|Illinois]]
|H1=0 |H2=0
|Date=October 27
|Location=[[Stagg Field|Marshall Field]], [[Chicago]]
| Attendance =8,000–10,000
| Referee =
}}
{{AFB game box end}}
On October 27, 1900, Michigan defeated [[1900 Illinois Fighting Illini football team|Illinois]] by a 12–0 score before a crowd estimated at between 8,000 and 10,000 persons at [[Stagg Field|Marshall Field]] in [[Chicago]]. Michigan fans occupied the east bleachers, and Illinois fans with their band the west bleachers. An additional 2,000 students listened to the returns at the campus gymnasium in Ann Arbor. The game began at 2:43 p.m. Left halfback Daniel Woodard scored Michigan's first touchdown on a two-yard run in the first half, and [[Everett Sweeley]] kicked for goal. Later in the first half, right tackle [[Hugh White (American football)|Hugh White]] ran one yard for a touchdown, and Sweeley again kicked for goal. Neither team scored in the second half.<ref>{{cite news|title=Michigan 12, Illinois 0: Wolverines Tore Up Illinois for 12 Points in First Half|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=October 28, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/137|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
===Week 6: Indiana===
{{AFB game box start
|Title='''Indiana at Michigan'''
|Visitor=[[1900 Indiana Hoosiers football team|Indiana]]
|V1=0 |V2=0
|Host='''Michigan'''
|H1=6 |H2=6
|Date=November 3
|Location=[[Regents Field]], [[Ann Arbor, MI]]
| Attendance =2,000
| Referee =
}}
{{AFB game box end}}
On November 3, 1900, Michigan defeated [[1900 Indiana Hoosiers football team|Indiana]] by a 12–0 score before a crowd of 2,000 persons at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. The game was played in halves of 25 and 20 minutes. Indiana's players outweighed the Michigan players and utilized "Pennsylvania's guards back formation" to capitalize on their superior weight. However, Michigan's defense held and did not allow the Hoosiers to score. The game was marked by "rough play", including an Indiana player slugging [[Curtis Redden]] in the face, though unseen by the umpire. Right halfback Daniel Woodard scored Michigan's first touchdown on a short run in the first half, and [[Everett Sweeley]] kicked for goal. In the second half, Indiana attempted to punt from behind the goal line, and the ball hit the cross bar of the goal. The ball bounced backward, and Redden fell on it for Michigan's second touchdown. Sweeley again kicked for goal. After the game, Michigan trainer [[Keene Fitzpatrick]] noted: "Indiana has a heavy team; I believe it is the heaviest I ever saw Michigan play against here in the west."<ref>{{cite news|title=Hoosiers Defeated: Indiana Taken into Camp by a Score of 12 to 0|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=November 4, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/163|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
===Week 7: vs. Iowa===
{{AFB game box start
|Title='''Iowa vs. Michigan'''
|Visitor=[[1900 Iowa Hawkeyes football team|Iowa]]
|V1=17 |V2=11
|Host='''Michigan'''
|H1=0 |H2=5
|Date=November 10
|Location=[[Bennett Park (Detroit)|Bennett Park]], [[Detroit]]
| Attendance =5,000
| Referee =
}}
{{AFB game box end}}
On November 10, 1900, Michigan lost to [[1900 Iowa Hawkeyes football team|Iowa]] by a 28–5 score at [[Bennett Park (Detroit)|Bennett Park]] in [[Detroit]]. The game drew 5,000 persons, the largest crowd to watch a football game in Detroit to that time. In the hours before the game began, large numbers of Michigan fans arrived in Detroit and paraded through the city streets behind their band, wearing ribbons, blowing horns, and singing songs.<ref>{{cite news|title=Hawkeyes: 28 to 5|newspaper=Detroit Free Press|date=November 11, 1900|page=1|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/21635577/hawkeyes_28_to_5/|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref> However, the large and boisterous Michigan crowd had no impact on Iowa. Michigan's student newspaper described the Iowa attack as follows: "Iowa has developed team work that is little short of wonderful. Their tandem plays and shell-like formations sent the man with the ball for an almost sure gain in every scrimmage."<ref name=MDIA/> [[Everett Sweeley]] accounted for Michigan's only points on a field goal from place kick (field goals were worth five points under 1900 rules) from the thirty-five yard line just before the end of the second half. The game was played in 35-minute halves.<ref name=MDIA>{{cite news|title=Iowa 28, Michigan 5: Michigan Suffers the Worst Defeat in Recent Years|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=November 11, 1900|pages=1, 3|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/187|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
===Week 8: Notre Dame===
{{AFB game box start
|Title='''Notre Dame at Michigan'''
|Visitor=[[1900 Notre Dame football team|Notre Dame]]
|V1=0 |V2=0
|Host='''Michigan'''
|H1=7 |H2=0
|Date=November 17
|Location=[[Regents Field]], [[Ann Arbor, MI]]
| Attendance =
| Referee =
}}
{{AFB game box end}}
On November 17, 1900, Michigan defeated [[Pat O'Dea]]'s [[1900 Notre Dame football team|Notre Dame team]] by a 7–0 score at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. Early in the game, Notre Dame fumbled a punt, and Michigan recovered the ball at Notre Dame's 10-yard line. Left halfback [[Arthur Redner]] then "took a cross buck" and ran through Notre Dame's left tackle for a touchdown. A short time later, Notre Dame fullback [[Louis J. Salmon]] attempted to punt from deep in Notre Dame territory. The snap went wide, and the ball rolled over the goal line. Salmon picked up the ball, but he was tackled by Redner for a safety. Both Michigan scores came in the first ten minutes of the game, and Notre Dame dominated the line of scrimmage for the remainder of the game. Salmon starred for Notre Dame and was praised for his punting and ball carrying. Michigan's [[Neil Snow]] did not play due to injury. The game was played in halves of 25 and 20 minutes.<ref>{{cite news|title='Varsity Must Brace Up: Michigan Defeats Hosiers by Small Score of 7 to 0 in a Very Poor Exhibition of Football|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=November 18, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/211|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
===Week 9: Ohio State===
{{AFB game box start
|Title='''Ohio State at Michigan'''
|Visitor=[[1900 Ohio State Buckeyes football team|Ohio State]]
|V1=0 |V2=0
|Host=Michigan
|H1=0 |H2=0
|Date=November 24
|Location=[[Regents Field]], [[Ann Arbor, MI]]
| Attendance =3,000
| Referee =
}}
{{AFB game box end}}
On November 24, 1900, Michigan and [[1900 Ohio State Buckeyes football team|Ohio State]] played to a scoreless tie before a crowd of 3,000 spectators at Regents Field in Ann Arbor. Three trains from Ohio, two from Columbus and one from Toledo, poured into Ann Arbor on the morning of the game, bringing 1,200 Ohio State fans "[b]edecked in cardinal and gray ribbons and flourishing gaudy Ohio banners".<ref name=OSU/> ''[[The Michigan Daily|The U. of M. Daily]]'' noted that the Ohio fans "took the town by storm" and that 200 Ohio State female students "set a worthy example for the girls at Michigan."<ref name=OSU/>
As the game commenced at 2:30 p.m., snow and sleet began falling. The field became muddy and slippery, making it difficult for either team's ball carriers to gain traction or speed in advancing the ball. Ohio utilized "straight football" while on offense with McClaren and Westwater as the main ball carriers. During the second half, Michigan employed a "tandem formation" in an effort to aggregate sufficient weight to gain ground on the slippery field. Michigan advanced to Ohio State's 13-yard line in the second half, but came up a half inch short of the five yards required for first down and lost the ball on downs.<ref name=OSU/> [[Everett Sweeley]] and [[Neil Snow]] were the stars of the game for Michigan.<ref name=NSJ>{{cite news|title=Even Break at Ann Arbor: Michigan and Ohio Struggle Hard Without Scoring|newspaper=Nebraska State Journal|date=November 25, 1900}}</ref> In the second half, with the wind in Michigan's favor, "[[Everett Sweeley|Sweeley]]'s kicking gave Michigan an advantage, and the play was entirely in Ohio's territory."<ref name=NSJ/> Despite the Wolverines' inability to score, ''The U. of M. Daily'' wrote that the team "put up the best game it has shown this season with the possible exception of the Illinois game."<ref name=OSU/> The game was played in 25-minute halves.
After the game, coach Lea said: "The team played good but not fast enough. . . . The tandem play seemed in a measure to help on the slippery field, but it is a poor play and only good for short gains, while it tired out the whole team. We shall cut it out in future."<ref name=OSU>{{cite news|title=Neither Scored: But Michigan Out-Played Their Opponents|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=November 25, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/235|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref>
===Week 10: at Chicago===
{{AFB game box start
|Title='''Michigan at Chicago'''
|Visitor=Michigan
|V1=6 |V2=0
|Host='''[[1900 Chicago Maroons football team|Chicago]]'''
|H1=5 |H2=10
|Date=November 29
|Location=[[Stagg Field|Marshall Field]], [[Chicago]]
| Attendance =10,000
| Referee =
}}
{{AFB game box end}}
On Thanksgiving Day, November 29, 1900, Michigan lost to [[1900 Chicago Maroons football team|Chicago]] by a 15–6 score at [[Stagg Field|Marshall Field]] in [[Chicago]]. The game, which started at 2:00 p.m., drew a crowd of 10,000, including 3,000 Michigan rooters in the west bleachers and 4,000 Chicago rooters in the east bleachers.<ref name=Chi>{{cite news|title=Chicago Victory; Perkins a History: Maroon Football Eleven Triumphs Over Its Old Enemy, Michigan, at Marshall Field|newspaper=Chicago Daily Tribune|date=November 30, 1900|pages=1–2|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/21644475/chicago_victory_perkins_a_history/|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
The Chicago team came into the game as an underdog, having lost five games in a row for the longest losing streak in program history. However, the Maroons had rested for 12 days before the game, while Michigan had played Ohio State only five days earlier. After recovering a fumble deep in Chicago territory, Michigan took a 6-0 lead early in the game on a touchdown by left tackle [[Hugh White (American football)|Hugh White]]. [[Everett Sweeley]] kicked the goal after touchdown.<ref name=UMDChi/> Michigan used the "old Princeton tandem formation" to carry the ball straight down field.<ref name=NSJ2>{{cite news|title=Ends Season Well: Chicago Triumphs After a Series of Defeats; Too Strong for Michigan|newspaper=Nebraska State Journal|date=November 29, 1900}}</ref> After Michigan took its lead, Chicago fullback E. E. Perkins scored three touchdowns, one in the first half and two in the second half.<ref name=Chi/><ref name=UMDChi>{{cite news|title=Disaster for Michigan: Stagg's Dwarfs Become Giants and Trounce the 'Varsity -- Score 15 to 6|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=December 4, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/247|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref> The ''[[Chicago Tribune]]'' touted Perkins, a backup who appeared in the game wearing a nose protector, as the hero of Chicago.<ref name=Chi/> The great Yale football player, [[Pudge Heffelfinger]], served as referee at the game.<ref name=UMDChi/>
===Post-season===
[[File:1900 Michigan football team (Rentschler).jpg|right|thumb|200px|Team photograph by Rentschler]]
[[File:Neil Snow.jpg|thumb|175px|right|Michigan team captain [[Neil Snow]]]]
[[File:Hugh White.jpg|thumb|right|175px|Tackle [[Hugh White (American football)|Hugh White]] scored four touchdowns.]]
After the season, Michigan released its football receipts and expenses, showing a small profit as follows:
<blockquote>'''RECEIPTS'''<br>Illinois (net) . . . $1,648<br>Iowa (net) . . . 2,084<br>Chicago (net) . . . 4,498<br>Seven other games (gross) . . . 2,099<br>Class game . . . 141<br>Athletic Association dance . . . 117<br>Mass meeting subscriptions . . . 1,946<br>Total . . . $12,533<br>'''EXPENSES'''<br>Deficit on September 1 . . . $1,500<br>Guarantees (five games) . . . 990<br>Interscholastic loss . . . 100<br>Coach Lea . . . 3,500<br>Scrub Coach Talcott . . . 200<br>Trainer Fitzpatrick . . . 500<br>Assistant coach Bergen . . . 170<br>Football supplies . . . 595<br>Grand stands . . . 1,629<br>Sinking fund . . . 2,000<br>Miscellaneous 1,029<br>Total . . . $12,213<br>Balance on hand . . . 320<ref name=WVE>{{cite news|title=West Versus East: Comparison of Financial Aspect of Football in the Two Sections of the Country|newspaper=The U. of M. Daily|date=December 18, 1900|page=1|url=https://digital.bentley.umich.edu/midaily/mdp.39015071730803/295|via=[[Bentley Historical Library]]}}</ref></blockquote>
In February 1901, Langdon Lea was hired as Princeton's head football coach, foregoing a contract renewal at Michigan reported to be worth $4,000.<ref>{{cite news |title=Odds and Ends of Sport |publisher=Lincoln Evening News |date=February 16, 1901}}</ref>
==Personnel==
===Varsity letter winners===
[[File:Henry R. Brown.jpg|thumb|160px|right|Center Henry R. Brown from [[Chillicothe, Ohio]]]]
[[File:Bruce Shorts.jpg|thumb|160px|right|Tackle [[Bruce Shorts]] from [[Mt. Pleasant, Michigan]]]]
[[File:Curtis Redden.jpg|thumb|right|160px|End [[Curtis Redden]] from [[Rossville, Illinois]]]]
The following 12 players received varsity "M" letters for their participation on the 1900 football team:<ref name=roster>{{cite news|title=The Football "M"|publisher=The Michigan Alumnus|date=January 1901|page=151|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zWxDn-2YVNkC&q=shorts}}</ref><ref>Player information and reserve status is taken from the 1901 Michiganensian. Information about home towns is taken from the [http://141.211.39.65/allroster/FMPro?-DB=allrost.fp5&-Format=fbresult.htm&-SortField=name&-SortOrder=Ascend&year=1900&-max=170&-Find 1900 team roster] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110529062408/http://141.211.39.65/allroster/FMPro?-DB=allrost.fp5&-Format=fbresult.htm&-SortField=name&-SortOrder=Ascend&year=1900&-max=170&-Find |date=2011-05-29 }}</ref> Players who started at least half of Michigan's games are displayed in bold.<ref name=t00/>
*'''Ned Begle''', Ann Arbor, Michigan – started 3 games at left halfback, 1 game at fullback, 1 game at right halfback
*Henry R. Brown, [[Chillicothe, Ohio]] – center
*'''Samuel G. Kelly''', [[Knob Noster, Missouri]] – started 6 games at right guard, 1 game at left guard
*'''Thomas R. Marks''', [[Indianapolis, Indiana]] – started 6 games at left guard, 1 game at right tackle
*'''[[Curtis Redden]]''', [[Rossville, Illinois]] – started 10 games at left end, 1 game at right end
*[[Arthur Redner]], [[Bessemer, Michigan]] – started 3 games at left halfback
*[[Walter W. Shaw]], [[Kansas City, Missouri]] – started 2 games at right halfback
*[[Bruce Shorts]], [[Mt. Pleasant, Michigan]] – started 4 games at right tackle
*'''[[Neil Snow]]''', [[Detroit]], [[Michigan]] – started 9 games at right end
*'''[[Everett Sweeley]]''', [[Sioux City, Iowa]] – started 9 games at fullback
*[[Boss Weeks|Harrison S. "Boss" Weeks]], [[Allegan, Michigan]] – started 2 games at quarterback
*'''[[Hugh White (American football)|Hugh White]]''', [[Lapeer, Michigan]] – started 7 games at left tackle, 3 games at right tackle
===Reserves===
*Charles F. Bliss, [[Durham, Maine]] – guard
*Frank Kinney Boggs, [[Cheboygan, Michigan]] – started 2 games at right tackle, 1 game at left tackle
*Arthur D. Brookfield, [[Englewood, Illinois]] – guard
*Henry J. Brown, [[Chillicothe, Ohio]] – started 3 games at center
*George Burns, [[Fremont, Michigan]] – guard
*Harry S. Durant, [[Chicago]], [[Illinois]] – started 1 game at left tackle
*Philip P. Farnham, [[Brighton, Michigan]] – end
*[[Herb Graver|Herbert Spencer Graver]], Chicago, Illinois – halfback
*[[Albert E. Herrnstein]], Chillicothe, Ohio – started 1 game at left halfback
*William H. Herrnstein, Chillicothe, Ohio – fullback
*Harvey Wellman Hincks, [[Manistee, Michigan]] – halfback
*Joseph C. Horgan, [[Victor, Colorado]] – tackle
*'''Edwin McGinnis''', [[Englewood, Illinois]] – started 8 games at quarterback
*Max (or Albert) Neal, [[Indiana, Pennsylvania]] – started 1 game at left end
*Samuel J. Sackett, Ann Arbor, Michigan – halfback
*[[Benjamin H. Southworth|Benjamin Harrison Southworth]], [[Reading, Michigan]] – center
*[[Norman Sterry]], [[Los Angeles, California]] – tackle
*William T. Walker, [[Toledo, Ohio]] – started 1 game at left tackle
*Edward Everett Webber, Austin, Illinois – started 3 games at left halfback, 1 game at right halfback
*Milo T. White, [[Fremont, Michigan]] – fullback
*[[Ebin Wilson]], [[Lapeer, Michigan]] – started 7 games at center
*Daniel W. Woodard, [[Clinton Township, Macomb County, Michigan|Clinton, Michigan]] – started 4 games at right halfback
===Others===
*Lee Barkenbus, Kalamazoo, Michigan – started 3 games at left guard
===Awards and honors===
*Captain: [[Neil Snow]]<ref name=t00/>
===Coaching and training staff===
*Coach: [[Langdon Lea]]<ref name=t00/>
*Assistant coaches: [[Martin V. Bergen]] (backs),<ref name=Coaches/> [[William Wilson Talcott]] (scrubs)<ref name=WVE/>
*Trainer: [[Keene Fitzpatrick]]<ref name=t00/>
*Manager: Harry K. Crafts<ref name=t00/>
===Scoring leaders===
{|class="wikitable"
|-
{{CollegePrimaryHeader|team=Michigan Wolverines|Player |Touchdowns|Extra points|Field goals|Safeties|Total}}
|-
|Daniel Woodard||5||0||0||0||25
|-
|[[Everett Sweeley]]||2||7||1||0||22
|-
|[[Hugh White (American football)|Hugh White]]||4||0||0||0||20
|-
|Edward Everett Webber||2||6||0||0||16
|-
|[[Arthur Redner]]||1||0||0||1||7
|-
|Ned Begle||1||0||0||0||5
|-
|Frank Boggs||1||0||0||0||5
|-
|Tom Marks||1||0||0||0||5
|-
|[[Curtis Redden]]||1||0||0||0||5
|-
|Charles Woodhams||1||0||0||0||5
|-
|[[Albert E. Herrnstein]]||0||1||0||0||1
|-
|[[Neil Snow]]||0||1||0||0||1
|-
|Total||19||15||1||1||117
|-
|}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* [https://bentley.umich.edu/athdept/football/fbteam/1900fbt.htm 1900 Football Team – Bentley Historical Library, University of Michigan Athletics History]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=zWxDn-2YVNkC Michigan Alumnus, 1900-1901] - includes accounts of each game
* [http://quod.lib.umich.edu/cgi/t/text/text-idx?c=moa;cc=moa;q1=michiganensian;rgn=full%20text;view=toc;idno=AAG4364.1901.001 1901 Michiganensian] - University of Michigan yearbook for the 1900-1901 academic year
{{Michigan Wolverines football navbox}}
[[Category:1900 Western Conference football season|Michigan]]
[[Category:Michigan Wolverines football seasons]]
[[Category:1900 in sports in Michigan|Michigan Wolverines football]]
[[Category:1900 in Detroit|Michigan Wolverines football]]
| 1,261,203,011 |
[{"title": "1900 Michigan Wolverines football", "data": {"Conference": "Western Conference", "Record": "7\u20132\u20131 (3\u20132 Western)", "Head coach": "- Langdon Lea (1st season)", "Captain": "Neil Snow", "Home stadium": "Regents Field"}}, {"title": "Hillsdale at Michigan", "data": {"Hillsdale": "0 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 0", "\u2022 Michigan": "18 \u00b7 11 \u00b7 29"}}, {"title": "Kalamazoo at Michigan", "data": {"Kalamazoo": "0 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 0", "\u2022 Michigan": "6 \u00b7 5 \u00b7 11"}}, {"title": "Purdue at Michigan", "data": {"Purdue": "6 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 6", "\u2022 Michigan": "0 \u00b7 11 \u00b7 11"}}, {"title": "Michigan vs. Illinois", "data": {"\u2022 Michigan": "12 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 12", "Illinois": "0 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 0"}}, {"title": "Indiana at Michigan", "data": {"Indiana": "0 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 0", "\u2022 Michigan": "6 \u00b7 6 \u00b7 12"}}, {"title": "Iowa vs. Michigan", "data": {"\u2022 Iowa": "17 \u00b7 11 \u00b7 28", "Michigan": "0 \u00b7 5 \u00b7 5"}}, {"title": "Notre Dame at Michigan", "data": {"Notre Dame": "0 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 0", "\u2022 Michigan": "7 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 7"}}, {"title": "Ohio State at Michigan", "data": {"Ohio State": "0 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 0", "Michigan": "0 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 0"}}, {"title": "Michigan at Chicago", "data": {"Michigan": "6 \u00b7 0 \u00b7 6", "\u2022 Chicago": "5 \u00b7 10 \u00b7 15"}}]
| false |
# 1871 in China
Events from the year 1871 in China.
## Incumbents
- Tongzhi Emperor (11th year)
- Regent: Empress Dowager Cixi
## Events
- Miao Rebellion (1854–73)
- Dungan Revolt (1862–77)
- Panthay Rebellion ends
- May 1873 — Momien besieged and stormed by imperial troops in, their resistance broke completely. Gov. Ta-sa-kon was captured and executed by order of the Imperial government.
- Beiyang Fleet created
- Mudan incident in Taiwan
- Tongzhi Restoration
## Births
- August 14 – Guangxu Emperor, emperor of China (d. 1908)[1]
- Qiu Yufang, revolutionary, writer and feminist (d. 1904)[2]
|
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enwiki
| 58,032,749 |
1871 in China
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1871_in_China
|
2024-09-03T06:14:58Z
|
en
|
Q25547534
| 81,337 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
{{One source|date=March 2019}}
{{Year in China|1871}}
Events from the year '''1871 in China'''.
==Incumbents==
* [[Tongzhi Emperor]] (11th year)
** Regent: [[Empress Dowager Cixi]]
== Events ==
* [[Miao Rebellion (1854–73)]]
* [[Dungan Revolt (1862–77)]]
* [[Panthay Rebellion]] ends
** May 1873 — Momien besieged and stormed by imperial troops in, their resistance broke completely. Gov. Ta-sa-kon was captured and executed by order of the Imperial government.
* [[Beiyang Fleet]] created
* [[Mudan incident]] in [[Taiwan]]
* [[Tongzhi Restoration]]
== Births ==
* August 14 – [[Guangxu Emperor]], emperor of China (d. [[1908 in China|1908]])<ref>{{cite web |title=Guangxu {{!}} emperor of Qing dynasty |url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Guangxu |website=Encyclopedia Britannica |accessdate=25 March 2019 |language=en}}</ref>
* [[Qiu Yufang]], revolutionary, writer and feminist (d. [[1904 in China|1904]])<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=wJrLhcgog8oC&dq=first+female+journalist+china&pg=PA289 Qiu Yufang 1871-1904]</ref>
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{Years in the Qing dynasty}}
[[Category:1871 in China| ]]
| 1,243,749,741 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1870 - 1869 - 1868 - 1867 - 1866": "1871 \u00b7 in \u00b7 China \u00b7 \u2192 - 1872 - 1873 - 1874 - 1875 - 1876", "Decades": "1850s 1860s 1870s 1880s 1890s", "See also": "Other events of 1871 \u00b7 History of China \u2022 Timeline \u2022 Years"}}]
| false |
# 13th Guards Airborne Division
The 13th Guards Airborne Division was a division of the Soviet Airborne Troops.
Its first formation was formed in December 1943 from airborne brigades and was quickly redesignated the 98th Guards Rifle Division without seeing combat in World War II. The division was reformed in 1944 as part of the 37th Guards Airborne Corps, and was reorganized as the 103rd Guards Rifle Division within a year, again without seeing combat. The division was reformed for the third and last time in 1948. The division served in Amur Oblast in the Soviet Far East until its disbandment in 1955.
## History
### First formation
The 13th Guards Airborne Division was first formed on 20 December 1943 from the 18th, 19th and 20th Guards Airborne Brigades, part of the Reserve of the Supreme High Command. The division included the 18, 19th, and 20th Guards Airborne Brigades, and was commanded by Colonel Konstantin Nikolaevich Vindushev. The division was redesignated as the 98th Guards Rifle Division on 19 January 1944, and became part of the 37th Guards Rifle Corps.
### Second formation
The division was reformed between February and March 1944 in the Moscow Military District from the 3rd, 8th, and 21st Guards Airborne Brigades. In October, the division became part of the Separate Airborne Army's 37th Guards Airborne Corps at Teykovo, with the 3rd, 6th, and 8th Guards Airborne Brigades. The 13th Division was redesignated as the 103rd Guards Rifle Division on 18 December 1944. The division became the 103rd Guards Airborne Division on 7 June 1946 in Seltsy, Ryazan Oblast.
### Third formation
The division was reformed on 15 October 1948 at Galyonki from the 296th Guards Airlanding Regiment of the 106th Guards Airborne Division, under the 37th Guards Airborne Corps. The division inherited the 296th's Order of Kutuzov. The Independent Landing Security Company was disbanded in 1949. The 116th Guards Airlanding Regiment was converted to an airborne unit at some point. On 1 June 1951, the division and its corps were relocated to Kuybyshevka-Vostochnaya. On 15 November 1953, the Separate Communications Company became the Separate Guards Communications Battalion. The Separate Medical & Sanitary Company became the Separate Medical & Sanitary Battalion on the same day. The Separate Guards Antitank Artillery Battalion and the Separate Guards Reconnaissance Company were disbanded on the same day. The division was disbanded on 25 April 1955. Its 116th Guards Airborne Regiment was transferred to the 99th Guards Airborne Division and the 217th Guards Airborne Regiment was transferred to the 98th Guards Airborne Division.
## Composition
The division was composed of the following units in 1948.
- 116th Guards Airlanding Regiment
- 217th Guards Airborne Regiment
- 1183rd Guards Artillery Regiment
- Separate Self-Propelled Artillery Battalion
- 100th Separate Guards Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion
- Separate Guards Antitank Artillery Battalion
- Separate Guards Reconnaissance Company
- Separate Communications Company
- Separate Guards Engineering Battalion
- Separate Supply Truck Battalion
- Separate Medical and Sanitary Company
- Separate Training Battalion
## Bibliography
### Citations
1. ↑ Combat composition of the Soviet Army, 1 January 1944, p. 28
2. ↑ NKO Order 00145, 23 December 1943
3. ↑ "Виртуальный музей" [Virtual Museum of the 98th Guards Airborne Division]. old.co1601.ru (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2015-11-26. Retrieved 2015-11-25.
4. ↑ "98-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная Свирская Краснознамённая ордена Кутузова 2-й степени дивизия : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации" [98th Guards Airborne Division Russian Ministry of Defence]. structure.mil.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2015-11-25.
5. ↑ Alyohin 2009, p. 141.
6. ↑ Combat composition of the Soviet Army, 1 March 1944
7. ↑ Alyohin 2009, p. 142.
8. ↑ Glantz 1994, p. 68.
9. ↑ "Все о ВДВ, клубы десантников, фильмы о ВДВ, десантура, воздушно-десантные войска" [103rd Guards Airborne Division History]. sdrvdv.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2015-11-25.
10. ↑ Alyohin 2009, pp. 144, 146.
11. ↑ Holm, Michael. "103rd Guards Airborne Division". ww2.dk. Retrieved 2016-03-06.
12. 1 2 Feskov et al 2013, p. 236.
13. ↑ Feskov et al 2013, p. 237.
14. 1 2 Michael Holm, 13th Guards Airborne Division, accessed 25 November 2015.
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{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name = 13th Guards Airborne Division
|dates = 1943–1944; 1948–1955
|country = {{flag|Soviet Union}}
|branch = [[Soviet airborne]]
|type = airborne
|size = division
|garrison =
| battle_honours = {{OrderKutuzov2ndClass}} (3rd formation)
| notable_commanders = [[Konstantin Vindushev]]
}}The '''13th Guards Airborne Division''' was a division of the [[Soviet Airborne Troops]].
Its first formation was formed in December 1943 from airborne brigades and was quickly redesignated the [[98th Guards Rifle Division]] without seeing combat in [[World War II]]. The division was reformed in 1944 as part of the [[37th Guards Airborne Corps]], and was reorganized as the [[103rd Guards Rifle Division]] within a year, again without seeing combat. The division was reformed for the third and last time in 1948. The division served in [[Amur Oblast]] in the Soviet Far East until its disbandment in 1955.
== History ==
=== First formation ===
The 13th Guards Airborne Division was first formed on 20 December 1943 from the 18th, 19th and 20th Guards Airborne Brigades, part of the [[Reserve of the Supreme High Command]].<ref>[[Combat composition of the Soviet Army]], 1 January 1944, p. 28</ref> The division included the 18, 19th, and 20th Guards Airborne Brigades, and was commanded by Colonel [[Konstantin Vindushev|Konstantin Nikolaevich Vindushev]].<ref>[http://desantura.ru/articles/38865/ NKO Order 00145], 23 December 1943</ref> The division was redesignated as the [[98th Guards Rifle Division]] on 19 January 1944,<ref>{{Cite web|title = Виртуальный музей|url = http://old.co1601.ru/museum98/way.html|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151126052118/http://old.co1601.ru/museum98/way.html|url-status = dead|archive-date = 2015-11-26|website = old.co1601.ru|access-date = 2015-11-25|language = ru|trans-title = Virtual Museum of the 98th Guards Airborne Division}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = 98-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная Свирская Краснознамённая ордена Кутузова 2-й степени дивизия : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации|url = http://structure.mil.ru/structure/forces/airborne/structure/details.htm?id=11268@egOrganization|website = structure.mil.ru|access-date = 2015-11-25|trans-title = 98th Guards Airborne Division Russian Ministry of Defence|language = ru}}</ref> and became part of the [[37th Guards Rifle Corps]].{{Sfn|Alyohin|2009|p=141}}
=== Second formation ===
The division was reformed between February and March 1944 in the [[Moscow Military District]]<ref>[[Combat composition of the Soviet Army]], 1 March 1944</ref> from the 3rd, 8th, and 21st Guards Airborne Brigades.{{sfn|Alyohin|2009|p=142}} In October, the division became part of the [[Separate Airborne Army]]'s 37th Guards Airborne Corps{{Sfn|Glantz|1994|p=68}} at [[Teykovo]], with the 3rd, 6th, and 8th Guards Airborne Brigades. The 13th Division was redesignated as the [[103rd Guards Rifle Division]] on 18 December 1944.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Все о ВДВ, клубы десантников, фильмы о ВДВ, десантура, воздушно-десантные войска.|url = http://sdrvdv.ru/103-ya-gvardejskaya-vozdushno-desantnaya-ordena-lenina-krasnoznamyonnaya-ordena-kutuzova-2-j-stepeni-diviziya-imeni-60-letiya-sssr|website = sdrvdv.ru|access-date = 2015-11-25|trans-title = 103rd Guards Airborne Division History|language = ru}}</ref>{{sfn|Alyohin|2009|pp=144, 146}} The division became the 103rd Guards Airborne Division on 7 June 1946 in [[Seltsy, Ryazan Oblast]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ww2.dk/new/vdv/103gvvdd.htm|title=103rd Guards Airborne Division|last=Holm|first=Michael|website=ww2.dk|access-date=2016-03-06}}</ref>
=== Third formation ===
The division was reformed on 15 October 1948 at [[Galyonki]] from the 296th Guards Airlanding Regiment of the [[106th Guards Airborne Division]], under the 37th Guards Airborne Corps. The division inherited the 296th's [[Order of Kutuzov]].{{Sfn|Feskov et al|2013|p=236}} The Independent Landing Security Company was disbanded in 1949. The 116th Guards Airlanding Regiment was converted to an airborne unit at some point. On 1 June 1951, the division and its corps were relocated to [[Kuybyshevka-Vostochnaya]].{{Sfn|Feskov et al|2013|p=236}} On 15 November 1953, the Separate Communications Company became the Separate Guards Communications Battalion. The Separate Medical & Sanitary Company became the Separate Medical & Sanitary Battalion on the same day. The Separate Guards Antitank Artillery Battalion and the Separate Guards Reconnaissance Company were disbanded on the same day. The division was disbanded on 25 April 1955.{{Sfn|Feskov et al|2013|p=237}} Its 116th Guards Airborne Regiment was transferred to the [[99th Guards Airborne Division]] and the [[217th Guards Airborne Regiment]] was transferred to the [[98th Guards Airborne Division]].<ref name=":0">Michael Holm, [http://www.ww2.dk/new/vdv/13gvvdd.htm 13th Guards Airborne Division], accessed 25 November 2015.</ref>
== Composition ==
The division was composed of the following units in 1948.<ref name=":0" />
* 116th Guards Airlanding Regiment
* [[217th Guards Airborne Regiment]]
* 1183rd Guards Artillery Regiment
* Separate Self-Propelled Artillery Battalion
* 100th Separate Guards Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion
* Separate Guards Antitank Artillery Battalion
* Separate Guards Reconnaissance Company
* Separate Communications Company
* Separate Guards Engineering Battalion
* Separate Supply Truck Battalion
* Separate Medical and Sanitary Company
* Separate Training Battalion
==Bibliography==
=== Citations ===
{{reflist}}
=== References ===
* {{Cite book|url=http://militera.lib.ru/h/0/pdf/alyohin_rv01.pdf|title=Воздушно-десантные войска: история российского десанта|last=Alyohin|first=Roman|publisher=Eksmo|year=2009|isbn=9785699332137|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=Airborne Troops: History of the Russian Paratroopers}}
* {{Cite book|title=Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской|last=Feskov|first=V.I.|last2=Golikov|first2=V.I.|last3=Kalashnikov|first3=K.A.|last4=Slugin|first4=S.A.|publisher=Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing|year=2013|isbn=9785895035306|location=Tomsk|language=ru|trans-title=The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces|ref={{sfnRef|Feskov et al|2013}}}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0erZZt-EGDQC|title=The History of Soviet Airborne Forces|last=Glantz|first=David M.|publisher=Frank Cass|year=1994|isbn=0714634832|location=Ilford, Essex}}
==Further reading==
*Keith E. Bonn, Slaughterhouse: the Handbook of the Eastern Front, Aberjona Press, Bedford, PA, 2005
{{Soviet Union divisions before 1945}}
{{Soviet Union divisions 1945{{endash}}57}}
[[Category:1955 disestablishments in the Soviet Union]]
[[Category:Airborne divisions of the Soviet Union|013]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1955]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1943]]
| 1,000,923,814 |
[{"title": "13th Guards Airborne Division", "data": {"Active": "1943\u20131944; 1948\u20131955", "Country": "Soviet Union", "Branch": "Soviet airborne", "Type": "airborne", "Size": "division", "Battle honours": "Order of Kutuzov (3rd formation)"}}, {"title": "Commanders", "data": {"Notable \u00b7 commanders": "Konstantin Vindushev"}}]
| false |
# 1902 in Afghanistan
The following lists events that happened during 1902 in Afghanistan.
The first year of Habibullah Khan's reign passes without any internal disturbance, or event of importance. Gen. Mir Attar Khan, who was imprisoned by the late amir, is released and reinstated in his old post of commander-in-chief, or rather of Naib, or deputy commander-in-chief, for this is the title by which the successors of the late Gen. Gholam Haidar Khan in the command of the Army have been designated. The amir is said to be reluctant to confer the full appointment on anyone, and there is a belief current that he is likely to keep it for Yahya Khan, whose daughter, whom he lately married, has become his favourite wife. Yahya Khan is at present in great favour with the amir, and his position in Kabul not unnaturally excites the jealousy both of the amir's own relatives and of the leading chiefs and sardars. There are rumours of intrigues in favour of the amir's youngest half-brother, Mohammad Omar, but they seem to die away, and towards the end of the year Mohammad Omar is reported to be in delicate health. There are also rumours that the amir's full brother, Nasrullah Khan, has fallen into disgrace, and even that he has been imprisoned. These are, as usual, followed by complete denials, and assurances that the best feeling exists between the two brothers.
The relations of Habibullah Khan with the British government are reportedly of the most friendly nature throughout the year, and he orders his officers on the frontier to prevent all outlaws from British territory from entering Afghanistan. He is reported to have said in durbar that he found by experience that a mild rule was unsuited to the Afghans, and that he has consequently ordered the revival of his father's Secret Intelligence Department. But although the domestic history of Afghanistan during 1902 is comparatively colourless, a very important move is made or attempted by Russia in what may be called its foreign policy. The Russian government suggests to the British government that whilst it fully recognizes the existing agreement between the two countries by which it is precluded from direct diplomatic intercourse with Afghanistan, it would be of the greatest convenience if the Russian and Afghan officials on the frontier were allowed to communicate direct with one another for commercial purposes only. To this proposal the British foreign secretary, Lord Lansdowne, answers that before expressing any opinion on it he would like to know exactly what it means. As to what takes place since, no information is given to the public, except that correspondence is ongoing. But if there is any doubt of the true meaning of the Russian proposals this is removed by the Russian press, which declares openly that the time has come that the agreement excluding Russia from Afghanistan should be set aside and that Russia should insist on as full commercial and political intercourse with that country as is enjoyed by England itself.
## Incumbents
- Monarch – Habibullah Khan
## Early 1902
The Hadda mullah, Najibuddin, visits Kabul and is received by the amir with great favour and distinction. It is first reported that the amir is completely under his influence; then it is said that he is virtually a prisoner, and that the amir never visits him. Towards the end of the year he is sent back to his own country, with an allowance of Rs. 16,000 a year.
## October 1902
Habibullah holds a great durbar to commemorate the anniversary of his accession, and releases 8,000 prisoners.
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{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
__NOTOC__
{{Year in Afghanistan|1902}}
The following lists events that happened during '''[[1902]] in [[Afghanistan]]'''.
The first year of [[Habibullah Khan]]'s reign passes without any internal disturbance, or event of importance. Gen. [[Mir Attar Khan]], who was imprisoned by the late ''amir'', is released and reinstated in his old post of commander-in-chief, or rather of Naib, or deputy commander-in-chief, for this is the title by which the successors of the late Gen. [[Gholam Haidar Khan]] in the command of the Army have been designated. The ''amir'' is said to be reluctant to confer the full appointment on anyone, and there is a belief current that he is likely to keep it for Yahya Khan, whose daughter, whom he lately married, has become his favourite wife. Yahya Khan is at present in great favour with the ''amir'', and his position in Kabul not unnaturally excites the jealousy both of the ''amir''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s own relatives and of the leading chiefs and sardars. There are rumours of intrigues in favour of the ''amir''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s youngest half-brother, Mohammad Omar, but they seem to die away, and towards the end of the year Mohammad Omar is reported to be in delicate health. There are also rumours that the ''amir''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s full brother, [[Nasrullah Khan (Afghanistan)|Nasrullah Khan]], has fallen into disgrace, and even that he has been imprisoned. These are, as usual, followed by complete denials, and assurances that the best feeling exists between the two brothers.
The relations of Habibullah Khan with the British government are reportedly of the most friendly nature throughout the year, and he orders his officers on the frontier to prevent all outlaws from British territory from entering Afghanistan. He is reported to have said in durbar that he found by experience that a mild rule was unsuited to the Afghans, and that he has consequently ordered the revival of his father's Secret Intelligence Department. But although the domestic history of Afghanistan during 1902 is comparatively colourless, a very important move is made or attempted by Russia in what may be called its foreign policy. The Russian government suggests to the British government that whilst it fully recognizes the existing agreement between the two countries by which it is precluded from direct diplomatic intercourse with Afghanistan, it would be of the greatest convenience if the Russian and Afghan officials on the frontier were allowed to communicate direct with one another for commercial purposes only. To this proposal the [[Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (UK)|British foreign secretary]], [[Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne|Lord Lansdowne]], answers that before expressing any opinion on it he would like to know exactly what it means. As to what takes place since, no information is given to the public, except that correspondence is ongoing. But if there is any doubt of the true meaning of the Russian proposals this is removed by the Russian press, which declares openly that the time has come that the agreement excluding Russia from Afghanistan should be set aside and that Russia should insist on as full commercial and political intercourse with that country as is enjoyed by England itself.
==Incumbents==
* [[Monarch]] – [[Habibullah Khan]]
==Early 1902==
The Hadda [[mullah]], Najibuddin, visits Kabul and is received by the ''amir'' with great favour and distinction. It is first reported that the ''amir'' is completely under his influence; then it is said that he is virtually a prisoner, and that the ''amir'' never visits him. Towards the end of the year he is sent back to his own country, with an allowance of Rs. 16,000 a year.
==October 1902==
Habibullah holds a great durbar to commemorate the anniversary of his accession, and releases 8,000 prisoners.
{{Years in Afghanistan}}
{{Year in Asia|1902}}
[[Category:1902 in Afghanistan| ]]
[[Category:1902 by country|Afghanistan]]
[[Category:Years of the 20th century in Afghanistan]]
[[Category:1900s in Afghanistan]]
[[Category:1902 in Asia|Afghanistan]]
| 1,240,546,046 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1901 - 1900 - 1899": "1902 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Afghanistan \u00b7 \u2192 - 1903 - 1904 - 1905", "Decades": "1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s", "See also": "Other events of 1902 \u00b7 List of years in Afghanistan"}}]
| false |
# 1902 Wyoming gubernatorial election
The 1902 Wyoming gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 1902. Incumbent Republican Governor DeForest Richards ran for re-election. He was once again nominated by the Republican Party, and faced Cody Mayor George T. Beck, the Democratic nominee, and Socialist Party nominee Henry Breitenstein in the general election. Richards won re-election in a landslide, becoming the first Governor of Wyoming to win re-election. However, Richards did not end up serving a full second term; on April 28, 1903, he died in office, elevating Secretary of State Fenimore Chatterton to the Governorship and triggering a special election in 1904.
## Party conventions
At the Republican convention on July 15, 1902, Richards, along with the other eligible Republican incumbents, was unanimously nominated for re-election. Similarly, George T. Beck, the newly elected Mayor of Cody, faced no opposition at the Democratic convention and was nominated unanimously.
## General election
### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------- | ------------------------ | ------ | ------- | ------- |
| | Republican | DeForest Richards (inc.) | 14,483 | 57.81% | +5.38% |
| | Democratic | George T. Beck | 10,017 | 39.98% | +9.29% |
| | Socialist | Henry Breitenstein | 552 | 2.20% | — |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,466 | 17.83% | +10.79% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 25,052 | 100.00% | |
| | Republican hold | | | | |
### Results by county
| County | Richards | Votes | Beck | Votes | Breitenstein | Votes |
| ---------- | -------- | ----- | ------ | ----- | ------------ | ----- |
| Uinta | 57.68% | 2,216 | 41.10% | 1,579 | 1.22% | 47 |
| Big Horn | 55.04% | 961 | 44.50% | 777 | 0.46% | 8 |
| Fremont | 56.35% | 816 | 42.96% | 622 | 0.69% | 10 |
| Sweetwater | 58.33% | 1,103 | 37.44% | 708 | 4.23% | 80 |
| Sheridan | 57.16% | 1,193 | 40.20% | 839 | 2.64% | 55 |
| Johnson | 55.27% | 566 | 43.55% | 446 | 1.17% | 12 |
| Natrona | 64.77% | 616 | 35.12% | 334 | 0.11% | 1 |
| Carbon | 64.30% | 1,864 | 34.39% | 997 | 1.31% | 38 |
| Crook | 56.50% | 730 | 43.11% | 557 | 0.39% | 5 |
| Weston | 65.38% | 527 | 34.24% | 276 | 0.37% | 3 |
| Converse | 65.44% | 816 | 34.40% | 429 | 0.16% | 2 |
| Albany | 50.56% | 1,173 | 40.56% | 941 | 8.88% | 206 |
| Laramie | 54.36% | 1,902 | 43.21% | 1,512 | 2.43% | 85 |
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{{Short description|none}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1902 Wyoming gubernatorial election
| country = Wyoming
| type = presidential
| election_date = November 4, 1902
| turnout = 27.07% of Total Population {{decrease}} 5.55
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1898 Wyoming gubernatorial election
| previous_year = 1898
| next_election = 1904 Wyoming gubernatorial special election
| next_year = 1904
| image1 = File:DeForest Richards.jpg
| image_size = 150x150px
| nominee1 = '''[[DeForest Richards]]'''
| party1 = Republican Party (United States)
| popular_vote1 = '''14,483'''
| percentage1 = '''57.81%'''
| image2 = File:George T. Beck.png
| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)
| nominee2 = [[George T. Beck]]
| popular_vote2 = 10,017
| percentage2 = 39.99%
| map_image = 1902 Wyoming gubernatorial election results map by county.svg
| map_size = 250px
| map_caption = County results<br/>'''Richards''': {{legend0|#e27f7f|50–60%}} {{legend0|#D75D5D|60–70%}}
| title = Governor
| before_election = [[DeForest Richards]]
| before_party = Republican Party (United States)
| after_election = [[DeForest Richards]]
| after_party = Republican Party (United States)
}}
{{ElectionsWY}}
The '''1902 Wyoming gubernatorial election''' was held on November 4, 1902. Incumbent Republican Governor [[DeForest Richards]] ran for re-election. He was once again nominated by the Republican Party, and faced [[Cody, Wyoming|Cody]] Mayor [[George T. Beck]], the Democratic nominee, and Socialist Party nominee Henry Breitenstein in the general election. Richards won re-election in a landslide, becoming the first Governor of Wyoming to win re-election. However, Richards did not end up serving a full second term; on April 28, 1903, he died in office, elevating Secretary of State [[Fenimore Chatterton]] to the Governorship and triggering a special election in [[1904 Wyoming gubernatorial special election|1904]].
==Party conventions==
At the Republican convention on July 15, 1902, Richards, along with the other eligible Republican incumbents, was unanimously nominated for re-election.<ref>{{cite news|date=July 16, 1902|title=Wyoming Republicans Name Their Ticket|work=[[Standard-Examiner|Ogden Standard]]|location=Ogden, Utah|page=6|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/304945022/|access-date=June 6, 2021}}</ref> Similarly, [[George T. Beck]], the newly elected Mayor of [[Cody, Wyoming|Cody]], faced no opposition at the Democratic convention and was nominated unanimously.<ref>{{cite news|date=July 16, 1902|title=Wyoming Republicans Name Their Ticket|work=[[The Wichita Eagle|Wichita Weekly Eagle]]|location=Wichita, Kans.|page=1|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/62439218/|access-date=June 6, 2021}}</ref>
==General election==
===Results===
{{Election box begin | title=1902 Wyoming gubernatorial election<ref name="bluebook v2">{{cite book|last=Erwin|first=Marie|editor-last=Trenholm|editor-first=Virginia Cole|title=Wyoming Blue Book|url=https://wyoarchives.wyo.gov/pdf/WyomingBlueBookTwo.pdf|volume=2|location=Cheyenne, Wyo.|publisher=Pioneer Printing & Stationery Co.|publication-date=1974|pages=557–58}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (United States)
|candidate = [[DeForest Richards]] ([[incumbent|inc.]])
|votes = 14,483
|percentage = 57.81%
|change = +5.38%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = [[George T. Beck]]
|votes = 10,017
|percentage = 39.98%
|change = +9.29%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Socialist Party (United States)
|candidate = Henry Breitenstein
|votes = 552
|percentage = 2.20%
|change = —
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 4,466
|percentage = 17.83%
|change = +10.79%
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 25,052
|percentage = 100.00%
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner = Republican Party (United States)
|loser = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Results by county===
{|width="55%" class="wikitable sortable"
! width="9%" | County
! width="8%" | [[DeForest Richards|Richards]]
! width="8%" | Votes
! width="8%" | [[George T. Beck|Beck]]
! width="8%" | Votes
! width="8%" | Breitenstein
! width="8%" | Votes
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Uinta County, Wyoming|Uinta]]'''
|align="center"|'''57.68%'''
|align="center"|'''2,216'''
|align="center"| 41.10%
|align="center"|''1,579''
|align="center"| 1.22%
|align="center"|''47''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Big Horn County, Wyoming|Big Horn]]'''
|align="center"|'''55.04%'''
|align="center"|'''961'''
|align="center"| 44.50%
|align="center"|''777''
|align="center"| 0.46%
|align="center"|''8''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Fremont County, Wyoming|Fremont]]'''
|align="center"|'''56.35%'''
|align="center"|'''816'''
|align="center"| 42.96%
|align="center"|''622''
|align="center"| 0.69%
|align="center"|''10''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Sweetwater County, Wyoming|Sweetwater]]'''
|align="center"|'''58.33%'''
|align="center"|'''1,103'''
|align="center"| 37.44%
|align="center"|''708''
|align="center"| 4.23%
|align="center"|''80''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Sheridan County, Wyoming|Sheridan]]'''
|align="center"|'''57.16%'''
|align="center"|'''1,193'''
|align="center"| 40.20%
|align="center"|''839''
|align="center"| 2.64%
|align="center"|''55''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Johnson County, Wyoming|Johnson]]'''
|align="center"|'''55.27%'''
|align="center"|'''566'''
|align="center"| 43.55%
|align="center"|''446''
|align="center"| 1.17%
|align="center"|''12''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Natrona County, Wyoming|Natrona]]'''
|align="center"|'''64.77%'''
|align="center"|'''616'''
|align="center"| 35.12%
|align="center"|''334''
|align="center"| 0.11%
|align="center"|''1''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Carbon County, Wyoming|Carbon]]'''
|align="center"|'''64.30%'''
|align="center"|'''1,864'''
|align="center"| 34.39%
|align="center"|''997''
|align="center"| 1.31%
|align="center"|''38''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Crook County, Wyoming|Crook]]'''
|align="center"|'''56.50%'''
|align="center"|'''730'''
|align="center"| 43.11%
|align="center"|''557''
|align="center"| 0.39%
|align="center"|''5''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Weston County, Wyoming|Weston]]'''
|align="center"|'''65.38%'''
|align="center"|'''527'''
|align="center"| 34.24%
|align="center"|''276''
|align="center"| 0.37%
|align="center"|''3''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Converse County, Wyoming|Converse]]'''
|align="center"|'''65.44%'''
|align="center"|'''816'''
|align="center"| 34.40%
|align="center"|''429''
|align="center"| 0.16%
|align="center"|''2''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Albany County, Wyoming|Albany]]'''
|align="center"|'''50.56%'''
|align="center"|'''1,173'''
|align="center"| 40.56%
|align="center"|''941''
|align="center"| 8.88%
|align="center"|''206''
|-
|align="center" {{party shading/Republican}}|'''[[Laramie County, Wyoming|Laramie]]'''
|align="center"|'''54.36%'''
|align="center"|'''1,902'''
|align="center"| 43.21%
|align="center"|''1,512''
|align="center"| 2.43%
|align="center"|''85''
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{1902 United States elections}}
[[Category:1902 Wyoming elections]]
[[Category:Wyoming gubernatorial elections|1902]]
[[Category:1902 United States gubernatorial elections|Wyoming]]
| 1,271,396,493 |
[{"title": "1902 Wyoming gubernatorial election", "data": {"\u2190 1898": "November 4, 1902 \u00b7 1904 \u2192", "Turnout": "27.07% of Total Population 5.55", "Nominee": "DeForest Richards \u00b7 George T. Beck", "Party": "Republican \u00b7 Democratic", "Popular vote": "14,483 \u00b7 10,017", "Percentage": "57.81% \u00b7 39.99%", "Governor before election \u00b7 DeForest Richards \u00b7 Republican": "Elected Governor \u00b7 DeForest Richards \u00b7 Republican"}}]
| false |
# 13th Guards Army Corps
The 13th Guards Army Corps was a corps of the Soviet Ground Forces, formed from the previous 13th Guards Rifle Corps, which saw service during the Second World War.
## World War II
The 13th Guards Rifle Corps was formed from 30 October to 15 November 1942 in Ranenburg, Tambov Oblast, under the command of Major General Porfiry Chanchibadze. The corps received its baptism of fire in December 1942 during the Battle of Stalingrad. It was part of 2nd Guards Army on 1 December 1942. On 1 February 1943, still with 2nd Guards Army, the corps consisted of the 3rd Guards, 49th Guards, and 387th Rifle Divisions. By 1 December 1943, the 295th Rifle Division had joined the corps.
Later the corps helped liberate Novocherkassk, the Donbas, Kherson, Crimea, Belarus and Lithuania. After the Crimean Offensive Chanchibadze moved up to army command, the 3rd Guards Rifle Division Kantemir Tsalikov was selected to be corps commander. From 8 July, the corps fought in the Šiauliai Offensive, in which Tsalikov was killed when his jeep exploded a mine on 21 July. Lieutenant General Anton Lopatin succeeded him as commander and led the corps for the remainder of the war. It took part in the capture of East Prussia and Königsberg. The corps ended the war on the Baltic Sea. 42 awards of Hero of the Soviet Union were made to personnel attached to the corps. During the assault and capture of the walled city of Koenigsberg the name "Konigsberg" was conferred on the corps (1945).
## Postwar
On June 12, 1946, 75th Guards Rifle Division was transformed into the 17th Guards Rifle Brigade. The brigade, stationed at Tula, was transferred in the summer of 1946 to 13th Guards Rifle 'Konigsberg' Corps. The brigade was relocated from Tula to Kaluga. In May 1946, the brigade was relocated from the city of Kaluga to the city of Dorogobuzh in the Smolensk area. The headquarters of 13th Guards Rifle Corps was relocated in the summer of 1946 to the city of Moscow.
On 30 April 1955 the 272nd Rifle Division was renumbered the 46th Rifle Division while part of the 13th Guards Rifle Corps. In 1956 the corps headquarters was moved to Gorky. On 25 June 1957, it became the 46th Motor Rifle Division. The same month, the corps became the 13th Guards Army Corps. At the same time it became part of the Moscow Military District, and on 17 November 1964 was renumbered as the 272nd Motor Rifle Division, restoring its World War II designation. In February 1967, the division was relocated to Babstovo, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, as a result of rising tensions with China.
When the 103rd Rocket Brigade was established in 1960, it joined the corps. In 1965, the 43rd Tank Division was renamed the 60th Tank Division. In 1968, the Corps was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. In the corps were:
- 60th Tank Sevsk Warsaw Red Banner Order of Suvorov Division (Gorky).[7] In early 1980, the 285th Tank Regiment (Warsaw, Order of Kutuzov) was transferred to the Turkestan Military District as the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan gained pace. It was replaced by the 142nd Tank Regiment. The division, a Reduced Strength formation, was reorganized as a Weapons and Equipment Storage Base in 1989, and disbanded in February 1990.
- 863rd Artillery Regiment.
- 225th Motor Rifle Division (Mulino, Volodarsky District, Gorky Oblast):
- 1303rd Artillery Regiment.
- 89th Motor Rifle Division (Tambov, Novaya Lyada)[8]
In September 1987, the 225th Motor Rifle Division were disbanded. On 1 October 1987, the 89th Motor Rifle Division was reorganized into the 5347th Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment (VKhVT). In March 1989, the 60th Tank Division became the 5409th Weapons and Equipment Storage Base, which was then disbanded on 13 February 1990.
In 1990, the corps was under the command of Fyodor Reut. According to the directive of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 14 September 1990, 13th Guards Army Red Konigsberg Corps was transformed into the 22nd Guards Combined Arms Army. The Army was formed on March 1, 1991. In 1990, the 31st Tank Vislenskaya Red Banner Order of Suvorov and Kutuzov Division joined the army, relocated from the Central Group of Forces in Czechoslovakia.
In 1994, the 47th Guards Tank Division joined the 22nd Army, relocated from Germany, and which was set up at the Mulino barracks previously used by the 225th MRD.
### Citations
1. 1 2 Combat composition of the Soviet Army (BSSA)
2. ↑ Vozhakin 2006, pp. 611–612.
3. ↑ Feskov 2004, p. 46.
4. ↑ Feskov et al 2013, p. 497.
5. ↑ Feskov et al 2013, p. 151.
6. ↑ "22-я гвардейская общевойсковая Кёнигсбергская Краснознаменная армия". Центральной группе войск (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2013-10-20. Retrieved 2013-10-19.
7. ↑ Holm, Michael. "60th Moskovskaya Sevsko-Varshavskaya Red Banner Order of Suvorov Tank Division". ww2.dk. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2015-03-17.
8. ↑ Holm, Michael. "89th Motorised Rifle Division". ww2.dk. Archived from the original on 2018-12-16. Retrieved 2020-05-11.
9. ↑ Holm, Michael. "225th Motorised Rifle Division". ww2.dk. Archived from the original on 2018-12-16. Retrieved 2020-05-11.
10. ↑ Moscow ITAR-TASS in English, 15:28 GMT 11 September 1992, via Joint Publications Research Service, Military Affairs: Directory of Military Organizations and Personnel, November 1992, 146.)
### Bibliography
- Feskov, V.I.; et al. (2004). The Soviet Army in the Years of the Cold War: 1945–91. Tomsk: Tomsk University Publishing House.
- Feskov, V.I.; Golikov, V.I.; Kalashnikov, K.A.; Slugin, S.A. (2013). Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской [The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces] (in Russian). Tomsk: Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing. ISBN 9785895035306.
- Vozhakin, M. G., ed. (2006). Великая Отечественная. Комкоры. Военный биографический словарь [The Great Patriotic War: Corps Commanders: Military Biographical Dictionary] (in Russian). Vol. 1. Moscow: Kuchkovo Pole. ISBN 5901679083.
|
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13th Guards Army Corps
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_Guards_Army_Corps
|
2024-12-31T21:12:59Z
|
en
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Q16056862
| 129,275 |
{{Short description|Corps of the Soviet Ground Forces}}
{{more footnotes needed|date=October 2013}}
The '''13th Guards Army Corps''' was a [[corps]] of the [[Soviet Ground Forces]], formed from the previous '''13th Guards Rifle Corps''', which saw service during the [[Second World War]].
== World War II ==
The 13th Guards Rifle Corps was formed from 30 October to 15 November 1942 in [[Ranenburg]], [[Tambov Oblast]], under the command of Major General [[Porfiry Chanchibadze]]. The corps received its [[baptism of fire]] in December 1942 during the [[Battle of Stalingrad]]. It was part of [[2nd Guards Army]] on 1 December 1942.<ref name="BSSA">[[Combat composition of the Soviet Army]] (BSSA)</ref> On 1 February 1943, still with 2nd Guards Army, the corps consisted of the [[3rd Guards Rifle Division|3rd Guards]], [[49th Guards Rifle Division|49th Guards]], and [[387th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|387th Rifle Divisions]]. By 1 December 1943, the [[295th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|295th Rifle Division]] had joined the corps.<ref name="BSSA"/>
Later the corps helped liberate [[Novocherkassk]], the [[Donbas]], [[Kherson]], Crimea, Belarus and Lithuania. After the [[Crimean Offensive]] Chanchibadze moved up to army command, the 3rd Guards Rifle Division [[Kantemir Tsalikov]] was selected to be corps commander. From 8 July, the corps fought in the [[Šiauliai Offensive]], in which Tsalikov was killed when his jeep exploded a mine on 21 July.{{Sfn|Vozhakin|2006|p=|pp=611–612}} Lieutenant General [[Anton Lopatin]] succeeded him as commander and led the corps for the remainder of the war. It took part in the capture of East Prussia and [[Königsberg]]. The corps ended the war on the [[Baltic Sea]]. 42 awards of [[Hero of the Soviet Union]] were made to personnel attached to the corps. During the assault and capture of the walled city of Koenigsberg the name "Konigsberg" was conferred on the corps (1945).
== Postwar ==
On June 12, 1946, [[75th Guards Rifle Division]] was transformed into the 17th Guards Rifle Brigade. The brigade, stationed at Tula, was transferred in the summer of 1946 to 13th Guards Rifle 'Konigsberg' Corps. The brigade was relocated from Tula to [[Kaluga]]. In May 1946, the brigade was relocated from the city of Kaluga to the city of [[Dorogobuzh]] in the Smolensk area. The headquarters of 13th Guards Rifle Corps was relocated in the summer of 1946 to the city of [[Moscow]].
On 30 April 1955 the 272nd Rifle Division was renumbered the [[46th Rifle Division (Soviet Union)|46th Rifle Division]] while part of the 13th Guards Rifle Corps. In 1956 the corps headquarters was moved to [[Nizhny Novgorod|Gorky]].{{Sfn|Feskov|2004|p=46}} On 25 June 1957, it became the 46th Motor Rifle Division.{{Sfn|Feskov et al|2013|p=497}} The same month, the corps became the 13th Guards Army Corps. At the same time it became part of the [[Moscow Military District]], and on 17 November 1964 was renumbered as the [[272nd Motor Rifle Division]], restoring its World War II designation.{{Sfn|Feskov et al|2013|p=151}} In February 1967, the division was relocated to [[Babstovo]], [[Jewish Autonomous Oblast]], as a result of rising tensions with China.
When the [[103rd Rocket Brigade]] was established in 1960, it joined the corps. In 1965, the 43rd Tank Division was renamed the 60th Tank Division. In 1968, the Corps was awarded the [[Order of the Red Banner]]. In the corps were:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://cgv.org.ru/oldforum/search.php?text_poisk=%E3%E2%E0%F0%E4%E5%E9%F1%EA%E0%FF |title=22-я гвардейская общевойсковая Кёнигсбергская Краснознаменная армия |website=Центральной группе войск |language=ru |access-date=2013-10-19 |archive-date=2013-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131020153937/http://cgv.org.ru/oldforum/search.php?text_poisk=%E3%E2%E0%F0%E4%E5%E9%F1%EA%E0%FF |url-status=dead}}</ref>
*60th Tank Sevsk Warsaw Red Banner Order of Suvorov Division (Gorky).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ww2.dk/new/army/td/60td.htm |title=60th Moskovskaya Sevsko-Varshavskaya Red Banner Order of Suvorov Tank Division |website=ww2.dk |first=Michael |last=Holm |access-date=2015-03-17 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402150103/http://www.ww2.dk/new/army/td/60td.htm |url-status=live}}</ref> In early 1980, the 285th Tank Regiment (Warsaw, Order of Kutuzov) was transferred to the [[Turkestan Military District]] as the [[Soviet invasion of Afghanistan]] gained pace. It was replaced by the 142nd Tank Regiment. The division, a Reduced Strength formation, was reorganized as a Weapons and Equipment Storage Base in 1989, and disbanded in February 1990.
*863rd Artillery Regiment.
*225th Motor Rifle Division ([[Mulino (settlement), Nizhny Novgorod Oblast|Mulino]], [[Volodarsky District, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast|Volodarsky District]], [[Gorky Oblast]]):
*1303rd Artillery Regiment.
*89th Motor Rifle Division (Tambov, Novaya Lyada)<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ww2.dk/new/army/msd/89msd.htm |title=89th Motorised Rifle Division |website=ww2.dk |first=Michael |last=Holm |access-date=2020-05-11 |archive-date=2018-12-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216122602/http://ww2.dk/new/army/msd/89msd.htm |url-status=live}}</ref>
In September 1987, the 225th Motor Rifle Division were disbanded.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ww2.dk/new/army/msd/225msd.htm|title=225th Motorised Rifle Division |website=ww2.dk |first=Michael |last=Holm |access-date=2020-05-11|archive-date=2018-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216123107/http://ww2.dk/new/army/msd/225msd.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> On 1 October 1987, the 89th Motor Rifle Division was reorganized into the 5347th Base for Storage of Weapons and Equipment (VKhVT). In March 1989, the 60th Tank Division became the 5409th Weapons and Equipment Storage Base, which was then disbanded on 13 February 1990.
In 1990, the corps was under the command of [[Fyodor Reut]].<ref>Moscow [[ITAR-TASS]] in English, 15:28 GMT 11 September 1992, via [[Joint Publications Research Service]], Military Affairs: Directory of Military Organizations and Personnel, November 1992, 146.)</ref> According to the directive of the Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 14 September 1990, 13th Guards Army Red Konigsberg Corps was transformed into the [[22nd Army (Russia)|22nd Guards Combined Arms Army]]. The Army was formed on March 1, 1991. In 1990, the 31st Tank Vislenskaya Red Banner Order of Suvorov and Kutuzov Division joined the army, relocated from the [[Central Group of Forces]] in Czechoslovakia.
In 1994, the [[47th Guards Tank Division]] joined the 22nd Army, relocated from Germany, and which was set up at the Mulino barracks previously used by the 225th MRD.
==References==
=== Citations ===
{{reflist}}
=== Bibliography ===
* {{Cite book |last=Feskov|first=V.I. |display-authors=et. al. |title=The Soviet Army in the Years of the Cold War: 1945–91 |location=Tomsk |publisher=Tomsk University Publishing House |date=2004}}
* {{Cite book|last=Feskov|first=V.I.|last2=Golikov|first2=V.I.|last3=Kalashnikov|first3=K.A.|last4=Slugin|first4=S.A.|publisher=Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing|year=2013|isbn=9785895035306|location=Tomsk|language=ru|script-title=ru:Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской|trans-title=The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces|ref={{sfnRef|Feskov et al|2013}}}}
* {{Cite book|url=http://militera.lib.ru/enc/komkory/index.html|title=Великая Отечественная. Комкоры. Военный биографический словарь|publisher=Kuchkovo Pole|year=2006|isbn=5901679083|editor-last=Vozhakin|editor-first=M. G.|volume=1|location=Moscow|language=ru|trans-title=The Great Patriotic War: Corps Commanders: Military Biographical Dictionary}}
{{Soviet Union corps}}
[[Category:Army corps of the Soviet Union|G13]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1991]]
| 1,266,483,370 |
[]
| false |
# 1877 Williams colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of The Williams on 12 February 1877 because of the resignation of William Watson.
## Dates
| Date | Event |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 16 January 1877 | William Watson resigned from parliament. |
| 17 January 1877 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 5 February 1877 | Nominations in Dungog |
| 12 February 1877 | Polling day |
| 23 February 1877 | Return of writ |
## Candidates
- William Johnston was a general merchant at Clarence Town. This was his first occasion standing for the Legislative Assembly.
- John Nowlan was a cattle breeder from Maitland who had represented The Williams from 1866 until 1874.
## Result
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| -------------------------- | -------------------------- | ----- | ---- |
| William Johnston (elected) | William Johnston (elected) | 526 | 56.4 |
| John Nowlan | John Nowlan | 409 | 43.6 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 938 | 98.4 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | 15 | 1.6 |
| Turnout | Turnout | 953 | 68.2 |
|
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enwiki
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1877 Williams colonial by-election
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1877_Williams_colonial_by-election
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2021-06-05T23:17:34Z
|
en
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Q107119238
| 61,015 |
{{Short description|By-election in New South Wales, Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
A by-election was held for the [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly]] electorate of [[Electoral district of Williams (New South Wales)|The Williams]] on 12 February 1877 because of the resignation of [[William Watson (New South Wales politician)|William Watson]].<ref name="William Watson NSW parl">{{Cite NSW Parliament |name=Mr William (Bourn Russell) Watson (1815-1877) |id=424 |former=Yes |access-date=1 May 2019}}</ref>
==Dates==
{| class="wikitable"
! Date !! Event
|-
| 16 January 1877
| William Watson resigned from parliament.<ref name="William Watson NSW parl"/>
|-
| 17 January 1877
| [[Writ of election]] issued by the [[Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly|Speaker of the Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223126796 |title=Writ of election: The Williams |newspaper=[[New South Wales Government Gazette]] |issue=23 |date=17 January 1877 |access-date=2021-06-06 |page=223 |via=Trove}}</ref>
|-
| 5 February 1877
| Nominations in [[Dungog, New South Wales|Dungog]]
|-
| 12 February 1877
| Polling day
|-
| 23 February 1877
| Return of writ
|}
==Candidates==
* [[William Johnston (Australian politician)|William Johnston]] was a general merchant at [[Clarence Town, New South Wales|Clarence Town]]. This was his first occasion standing for the Legislative Assembly.
* [[John Nowlan]] was a cattle breeder from [[Maitland, New South Wales|Maitland]] who had represented The Williams from 1866 until 1874.
==Result==
{{Election box begin no party no change AU
|title = <includeonly>[[1877 Williams colonial by-election|</includeonly>1877 The Williams by-election<includeonly>]]</includeonly><br>Monday 12 February{{hsp}}<ref name="Green">{{cite NSW election |title=February 1877 The Williams by-election |year=1874-5 |district=WilliamsThe_1 |access-date=16 November 2019}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate no party no change
|candidate = [[William Johnston (Australian politician)|William Johnston]] (elected)
|votes = 526
|percentage = 56.4
}}
{{Election box candidate no party no change
|candidate = [[John Nowlan]]
|votes = 409
|percentage = 43.6
}}
{{Election box formal no party no change AU
|votes = 938
|percentage = 98.4
}}
{{Election box informal no party no change AU
|votes = 15
|percentage = 1.6
}}
{{Election box turnout no party no change AU
|votes = 953
|percentage = 68.2
}}
{{Election box end}}<includeonly>
[[William Watson (New South Wales politician)|William Watson]] resigned.<ref name="Green"/></includeonly>
==See also==
*[[Electoral results for the district of Williams (New South Wales)|Electoral results for the district of Williams]]
*[[List of New South Wales state by-elections]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{NSW by-elections 8th parl|state=expanded}}
{{Results of New South Wales state elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Williams 1877}}
[[Category:1877 elections in Australia]]
[[Category:New South Wales state by-elections]]
[[Category:1870s in New South Wales]]
| 1,027,073,865 |
[]
| false |
# 1889 West Suffolk County Council election
Elections to the first West Suffolk County Council were held on Thursday 24 January 1889.
There were 39 electoral divisions:
| Division | Nomination | Nomination | Elected |
| --------------- | ---------- | ---------- | ------- |
| Boxton | | | |
| Bildeston | | | |
| Bures St Mary | | | |
| Clare | | | |
| Cavendish | | | |
| Glemsford | | | |
| Haverhill | | | |
| Hadleigh | | | |
| Hundon | | | |
| Ixworth | | | |
| Lavenham | | | |
| Lawshall | | | |
| Long Melford | | | |
| Waldingfield | | | |
| Bury St Edmunds | | | |
| Sudbury | | | |
| Thurlow | | | |
|
enwiki/76417498
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1889_West_Suffolk_County_Council_election
|
2024-03-22T14:37:46Z
|
en
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Q125358431
| 7,269 |
'''Elections''' to the first '''West Suffolk County Council''' were held on Thursday 24 January '''1889'''.<ref name="West Suffolk County Council 1889 nominations">''The Essex County Standard'', etc., 19 January 1889, Page 5. via Newspapers.com (https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-essex-county-standard-etc-1889-wes/76982311/ : accessed 22 March 2024), clip page for 1889 West Suffolk council election 2 by user 09ndodge</ref>
There were 39 [[electoral division]]s:
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Division
! Nomination
! Nomination
! Elected
|-
|Boxton
|
|
|
|-
|Bildeston
|
|
|
|-
|Bures St Mary
|
|
|
|-
|Clare
|
|
|
|-
|Cavendish
|
|
|
|-
|Glemsford
|
|
|
|-
|Haverhill
|
|
|
|-
|Hadleigh
|
|
|
|-
|Hundon
|
|
|
|-
|Ixworth
|
|
|
|-
|Lavenham
|
|
|
|-
|Lawshall
|
|
|
|-
|Long Melford
|
|
|
|-
|Waldingfield
|
|
|
|-
|Bury St Edmunds
|
|
|
|-
|Sudbury
|
|
|
|-
|Thurlow
|
|
|
|-
|}
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Suffolk]]
| 1,214,998,627 |
[]
| false |
# 1877 West Sydney colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of West Sydney on 15 July 1877 because Sir John Robertson was appointed Colonial Secretary, forming the fourth Robertson ministry. Such ministerial by-elections were usually uncontested however on this occasion a poll was required in Central Cumberland (John Lackey and William Long), East Sydney (John Davies), Orange (Edward Combes) and West Sydney. Each minister was comfortably re-elected. Only Camden (Thomas Garrett) and Goldfields South (Ezekiel Baker) were uncontested.
## Dates
| Date | Event |
| ----------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 17 August 1877 | Fourth Robertson ministry appointed. |
| 18 August 1877 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 24 August 1877 | Nominations |
| 27 August 1877 | Polling day |
| 17 September 1877 | Return of writ |
## Candidates
- Sir John Robertson had been a member for West Sydney since 1869, having previously represented the district from 1864 to 1866. This was the final occasion on which he was elected for the district, being defeated two months later at the 1877 election,[5] but was then elected to both East Macquarie and Mudgee.[1]
- Thomas White was the president of the Seamen's Union and a former secretary of the Trades and Labor Council. This was his first time standing for election to the Legislative Assembly and he would also stand unsuccessfully for West Sydney at the 1877,[5] and 1880 elections.[6]
## Result
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| ------------------------------- | ------------------------------- | ----- | ---- |
| Sir John Robertson (re-elected) | Sir John Robertson (re-elected) | 1,703 | 54.6 |
| Thomas White | Thomas White | 1,414 | 45.4 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 3,117 | 97.0 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | 97 | 3.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | 3,214 | 31.8 |
|
enwiki/65778009
|
enwiki
| 65,778,009 |
1877 West Sydney colonial by-election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1877_West_Sydney_colonial_by-election
|
2021-06-01T11:10:45Z
|
en
|
Q101243160
| 77,465 |
{{Short description|By-election in New South Wales, Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
A by-election was held for the [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly]] electorate of [[Electoral district of West Sydney|West Sydney]] on 15 July 1877 because [[John Robertson (premier)|Sir John Robertson]] was appointed [[Colonial Secretary of New South Wales|Colonial Secretary]], forming the [[Robertson ministry (1877)|fourth Robertson ministry]].<ref name="John Robertson NSW parl">{{Cite NSW Parliament |name=Sir John Robertson (1816–1891) |id=446 |former=Yes |access-date=18 April 2019}}</ref> Such ministerial by-elections were usually uncontested however on this occasion a poll was required in [[1877 Central Cumberland colonial by-election|Central Cumberland]] ([[John Lackey (politician)|John Lackey]] and [[William Long (New South Wales politician)|William Long]]), [[1877 East Sydney colonial by-election|East Sydney]] ([[John Davies (New South Wales politician)|John Davies]]), [[1877 Orange colonial by-election 2|Orange]] ([[Edward Combes]]) and West Sydney. Each minister was comfortably re-elected. Only [[Electoral district of Camden|Camden]] ([[Thomas Garrett (Australian politician)|Thomas Garrett]]) and [[Electoral district of Goldfields South|Goldfields South]] ([[Ezekiel Baker (politician)|Ezekiel Baker]]) were uncontested.<ref>{{cite NSW election |title=1875 to 1877 by-elections |year=1874-5 |district=ByElections |access-date=8 September 2020}}</ref>
==Dates==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Date !! Event
|-
| 17 August 1877
| Fourth Robertson ministry appointed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-page12936492 |title=Appointment of ministers |newspaper=[[New South Wales Government Gazette]] |issue=266 |location=New South Wales, Australia |date=14 May 1872 |access-date=7 September 2020 |page=3195 |via=Trove}}</ref>
|-
| 18 August 1877
| [[Writ of election]] issued by the [[Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly|Speaker of the Legislative Assembly]].<ref name="Writ">{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223537596 |title=Writ of election: West Sydney |newspaper=[[New South Wales Government Gazette]] |issue=267 |date=18 August 1877 |access-date=2020-11-07 |page=3197 |via=Trove}}</ref>
|-
| 24 August 1877
| Nominations
|-
| 27 August 1877
| Polling day
|-
| 17 September 1877
| Return of writ
|}
==Candidates==
* Sir John Robertson had been a member for West Sydney since 1869, having previously represented the district from 1864 to 1866. This was the final occasion on which he was elected for the district, being defeated two months later at the [[Results of the 1877 New South Wales colonial election#West Sydney|1877 election]],<ref name="Results of the 1877 New South Wales colonial election Green 1877 West Sydney"/> but was then elected to both [[Electoral district of East Macquarie|East Macquarie]] and [[Electoral district of Mudgee|Mudgee]].<ref name="John Robertson NSW parl"/>
* Thomas White was the president of the [[Seamen's Union of Australia|Seamen's Union]] and a former secretary of the [[Trades and Labor Council of Sydney|Trades and Labor Council]]. This was his first time standing for election to the Legislative Assembly and he would also stand unsuccessfully for West Sydney at the 1877,<ref name="Results of the 1877 New South Wales colonial election Green 1877 West Sydney"/> and [[Results of the 1880 New South Wales colonial election#West Sydney|1880 elections]].<ref>{{cite NSW election |year=1880 |district=West Sydney |access-date=2020-11-07}}</ref>
==Result==
{{Election box begin no party no change AU
|title=<includeonly>[[1877 West Sydney colonial by-election|</includeonly>1877 West Sydney by-election<includeonly>]]</includeonly><br>Monday 27 August{{hsp}}<ref name="Green">{{cite NSW election |title=1877 West Sydney by-election |year=1874-5 |district=West Sydney_2 |access-date=2020-11-07}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate no party no change
|candidate = [[John Robertson (premier)|Sir John Robertson]] (re-elected)
|votes = 1,703
|percentage = 54.6
}}
{{Election box candidate no party no change
|candidate = Thomas White
|votes = 1,414
|percentage = 45.4
}}
{{Election box formal no party no change AU
|votes = 3,117
|percentage = 97.0
}}
{{Election box informal no party no change AU
|votes = 97
|percentage = 3.0
}}
{{Election box turnout no party no change AU
|votes = 3,214
|percentage = 31.8{{hsp}}{{efn|estimate based on an electoral roll of 10,097 at October 1877.{{refn|name=Results of the 1877 New South Wales colonial election Green 1877 West Sydney<noinclude>|{{cite NSW election |year=1877 |district=West Sydney |access-date=2020-11-07}}</noinclude>}}}}
}}
{{Election box end}}<includeonly>
[[John Robertson (premier)|Sir John Robertson]] was appointed [[Colonial Secretary of New South Wales|Colonial Secretary]] forming the [[Robertson ministry (1877)|fourth Robertson ministry]].<ref name="Green"/></includeonly>
==See also==
*[[Electoral results for the district of West Sydney]]
*[[List of New South Wales state by-elections]]
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{NSW by-elections 8th parl|state=expanded}}
{{Results of New South Wales state elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:West Sydney 1877}}
[[Category:1877 elections in Australia]]
[[Category:New South Wales state by-elections]]
[[Category:1870s in New South Wales]]
| 1,026,281,891 |
[]
| false |
# 13th Golden Melody Awards
The 13th Golden Melody Awards ceremony was held at the Chiang Kai-shek Cultural Center in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, on 4 May 2002.
|
enwiki/20607711
|
enwiki
| 20,607,711 |
13th Golden Melody Awards
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_Golden_Melody_Awards
|
2025-01-29T22:16:19Z
|
en
|
Q4549453
| 37,222 |
{{Expand Chinese|date=December 2024}}
{{Infobox award
| name = 13th Golden Melody Awards
| image =
| caption =
| date =
| location = [[Kaohsiung]], [[Taiwan]]
| host = Chang Hsiao Yen<br>[[Tao Ching-Ying]]<br>Pu Hsueh-liang
| network = [[Azio TV]]
| runtime =
| ratings =
| previous = [[12th Golden Melody Awards|12th]]
| main = [[Golden Melody Awards]]
| next = [[14th Golden Melody Awards|14th]]
}}
The '''13th [[Golden Melody Awards]] ceremony''' was held at the [[Chiang Kai-shek Cultural Center]] in [[Kaohsiung]], [[Taiwan]], on 4 May 2002.<ref>{{cite news | first = Max | last = Woodworth | title = Jay cleans up at Golden Melodies | url = http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2002/05/05/134755 | publisher = [[Taipei Times]] | date = 2002-05-05 | accessdate = 2008-12-09}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
* {{in lang|zh}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20110929231831/http://info.gio.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=20290&ctNode=4824&mp=3 13th Golden Melody Awards nominees]
* {{in lang|zh}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20111129154741/http://info.gio.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=20289&ctNode=4824&mp=3 13th Golden Melody Awards winners]
{{Golden Melody Awards}}
[[Category:Golden Melody Awards]]
[[Category:2002 in Taiwan|Golden Melody Awards]]
[[Category:2002 music awards|Golden Melody Awards]]
[[Category:May 2002 in Asia|Golden Melody Awards]]
{{Taiwan-music-stub}}
| 1,272,702,125 |
[{"title": "13th Golden Melody Awards", "data": {"Location": "Kaohsiung, Taiwan", "Hosted by": "Chang Hsiao Yen \u00b7 Tao Ching-Ying \u00b7 Pu Hsueh-liang"}}, {"title": "Television/radio coverage", "data": {"Network": "Azio TV"}}]
| false |
# 1902 in Swedish football
The 1902 season in Swedish football, starting January 1902 and ending December 1902:
## Honours
### Official titles
| Title | Team | Reason |
| ---------------------- | ---------- | ------------------------------- |
| Swedish Champions 1902 | Örgryte IS | Winners of Svenska Mästerskapet |
### Competitions
| Level | Competition | Team |
| ---------------- | -------------------------------------------- | -------------- |
| Regional league | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie 1902 | Djurgårdens IF |
| Regional league | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie 1902 | Östermalms IF |
| Championship Cup | Svenska Mästerskapet 1902 | Örgryte IS |
| Cup competition | Kamratmästerskapen 1902 | IFK Eskilstuna |
| Cup competition | Rosenska Pokalen 1902 | Gefle IF |
## Promotions, relegations and qualifications
### Promotions
| Promoted from | Promoted to | Team | Reason |
| -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ---------------- | ------- |
| Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie 1902 | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 1 1903 | Djurgårdens IF 2 | Unknown |
| Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie 1902 | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 1 1903 | Östermalms IF | Unknown |
| Unknown | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 1 1903 | IFK Uppsala | Unknown |
| Unknown | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 2 1903 | IK Göta | Unknown |
| Unknown | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 2 1903 | Idrottsklubben | Unknown |
| Unknown | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 2 1903 | Mariebergs IK | Unknown |
| Unknown | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 2 1903 | IFK Stockholm 2 | Unknown |
| Unknown | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 2 1903 | Stockholms IK | Unknown |
### Relegations
| Relegated from | Relegated to | Team | Reason |
| -------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ------------- | ------- |
| Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie 1902 | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 2 1903 | AIK 2 | Unknown |
| Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie 1902 | Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie kl. 2 1903 | Östermalms SK | Unknown |
| Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie 1902 | Unknown | Norrmalms IK | Unknown |
| Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie 1902 | Unknown | AIK 3 | Unknown |
| Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie 1902 | Unknown | IFK Stockholm | Unknown |
| Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie 1902 | Unknown | IF Swithiod 2 | Unknown |
## Domestic results
### Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie 1902
| | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | | GA | GD | Pts |
| - | -------------- | --- | - | - | - | -- | - | -- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Djurgårdens IF | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 36 | – | 1 | +35 | 12 |
| 2 | IF Swithiod | 6 | 5 | 0 | 1 | 27 | – | 8 | +19 | 10 |
| 3 | IF Sleipner | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 10 | – | 14 | -4 | 7 |
| 4 | AIK | 6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 17 | – | 11 | +6 | 6 |
| 5 | Östermalms SK | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 12 | – | 16 | -4 | 4 |
| 6 | Norrmalms IK | 6 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 4 | – | 27 | -23 | 2 |
| 7 | AIK 2 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 2 | – | 31 | -29 | 1 |
### Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie 1902
| [ 2 ] | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | | GA | GD | Pts |
| ----- | ---------------- | --- | - | - | - | -- | - | -- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Östermalms IF | 6 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 15 | – | 3 | +12 | 11 |
| 2 | Djurgårdens IF 2 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 15 | – | 3 | +12 | 9 |
| 3 | IFK Stockholm | 6 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 7 | – | 6 | +1 | 8 |
| 4 | Norrmalms SK | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 6 | – | 5 | +1 | 7 |
| 5 | IK Svea | 6 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 4 | – | 10 | -6 | 4 |
| 6 | AIK 3 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 0 | – | 16 | -16 | 3 |
| 7 | IF Swithiod 2 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 | – | 4 | -4 | 0 |
### Svenska Mästerskapet 1902
Final
| Örgryte IS | 8–0 | Jönköpings AIF |
| ---------- | --- | -------------- |
| | | |
### Kamratmästerskapen 1902
Final
| IFK Eskilstuna | 1–1 –1 (aet) | IFK Uppsala |
| -------------- | ------------ | ----------- |
| | | |
| IFK Eskilstuna | 1–0 | IFK Uppsala |
| -------------- | --- | ----------- |
| | | |
### Rosenska Pokalen 1902
Final
| Gefle IF | 1–0 | Djurgårdens IF |
| -------- | --- | -------------- |
| | | |
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enwiki/1958133
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1902 in Swedish football
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1902_in_Swedish_football
|
2024-03-25T13:12:38Z
|
en
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Q4558038
| 72,615 |
{{short description|none}}
The '''1902 season in Swedish football''', starting January 1902 and ending December 1902:
== Honours ==
=== Official titles ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;"
|-
!style="width: 275px;"|Title
!style="width: 200px;"|Team
!style="width: 225px;"|Reason
|-
|[[Swedish football champions|Swedish Champions]] 1902||[[Örgryte IS]]||Winners of Svenska Mästerskapet
|}
=== Competitions ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;"
|-
!style="width: 225px;"|Level
!style="width: 275px;"|Competition
!style="width: 200px;"|Team
|-
|rowspan=2|Regional league||[[Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie]] 1902||[[Djurgårdens IF Fotboll|Djurgårdens IF]]
|-
|[[Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie|Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie]] 1902||[[Östermalms IF]]
|-
|Championship Cup||[[Svenska Mästerskapet]] 1902||[[Örgryte IS]]
|-
|rowspan=2|Cup competition||[[Kamratmästerskapen]] 1902||[[IFK Eskilstuna]]
|-
|[[Rosenska Pokalen]] 1902||[[Gefle IF]]
|}
== Promotions, relegations and qualifications ==
=== Promotions ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;"
|-
!style="width: 275px;"|Promoted from
!style="width: 275px;"|Promoted to
!style="width: 200px;"|Team
!style="width: 225px;"|Reason<ref name="promrel">There existed no regular promotion and relegation in the leagues at this time. Teams were excluded, relegated, admitted or promoted to a league on other bases than their finishing position the season before.</ref>
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie]] 1902||rowspan=3|[[Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie]] kl. 1 1903||[[Djurgårdens IF Fotboll|Djurgårdens IF 2]]||Unknown
|-
|[[Östermalms IF]]||Unknown
|-
|Unknown||[[IFK Uppsala Fotboll|IFK Uppsala]]||Unknown
|-
|rowspan=5|Unknown||rowspan=5|[[Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie]] kl. 2 1903||[[IK Göta]]||Unknown
|-
|[[Idrottsklubben]]||Unknown
|-
|[[Mariebergs IK]]||Unknown
|-
|[[IFK Stockholm|IFK Stockholm 2]]||Unknown
|-
|[[Stockholms IK]]||Unknown
|}
=== Relegations ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: left;"
|-
!style="width: 275px;"|Relegated from
!style="width: 275px;"|Relegated to
!style="width: 200px;"|Team
!style="width: 225px;"|Reason<ref name="promrel" />
|-
|rowspan=3|[[Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie]] 1902||rowspan=2|[[Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie]] kl. 2 1903||[[AIK Fotboll|AIK 2]]||Unknown
|-
|[[Östermalms SK]]||Unknown
|-
|Unknown||[[Norrmalms IK]]||Unknown
|-
|rowspan=3|[[Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie]] 1902||rowspan=3|Unknown||[[AIK Fotboll|AIK 3]]||Unknown
|-
|[[IFK Stockholm]]||Unknown
|-
|[[IF Swithiod|IF Swithiod 2]]||Unknown
|}
== Domestic results ==
{{for|a colour code explanation|Seasons in Swedish football#Legend}}
=== Svenska Bollspelsförbundets serie 1902 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!style="width: 40px;"|
!style="width: 200px;"|Team
!style="width: 45px;"|Pld
!style="width: 35px;"|W
!style="width: 35px;"|D
!style="width: 35px;"|L
!style="width: 45px;"|GF
!
!style="width: 45px;"|GA
!style="width: 35px;"|GD
!style="width: 45px;"|Pts
|-
|1||style="text-align: left;"|[[Djurgårdens IF Fotboll|Djurgårdens IF]]
|6||6||0||0||36||–||1||+35||12
|-
|2||style="text-align: left;"|[[IF Swithiod]]
|6||5||0||1||27||–||8||+19||10
|-
|3||style="text-align: left;"|[[IF Sleipner]]
|6||3||1||2||10||–||14||-4||7
|-
|4||style="text-align: left;"|[[AIK Fotboll|AIK]]
|6||3||0||3||17||–||11||+6||6
|- style="background: #fff8d1"
|5||style="text-align: left;"|[[Östermalms SK]]
|6||2||0||4||12||–||16||-4||4
|- style="background: #fff8d1"
|6||style="text-align: left;"|[[Norrmalms IK]]
|6||0||2||4||4||–||27||-23||2
|- style="background: #fff8d1"
|7||style="text-align: left;"|[[AIK Fotboll|AIK 2]]
|6||0||1||5||2||–||31||-29||1
|}
=== Svenska Bollspelsförbundets andra serie 1902 ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|-
!style="width: 40px;"|<ref name="wo">Some of the matches in the league were either not played or ended in [[walkover]]s, for example [[AIK Fotboll|AIK 3]] has one win without having scored any goals, and [[IF Swithiod|IF Swithiod 2]] has six losses but has only conceded four goals, but no information about which matches this includes has been found.</ref>
!style="width: 200px;"|Team
!style="width: 45px;"|Pld
!style="width: 35px;"|W
!style="width: 35px;"|D
!style="width: 35px;"|L
!style="width: 45px;"|GF
!
!style="width: 45px;"|GA
!style="width: 35px;"|GD
!style="width: 45px;"|Pts
|- style="background: #d1fff6"
|1||style="text-align: left;"|[[Östermalms IF]]
|6||5||1||0||15||–||3||+12||11
|- style="background: #d1fff6"
|2||style="text-align: left;"|[[Djurgårdens IF Fotboll|Djurgårdens IF 2]]
|6||3||3||0||15||–||3||+12||9
|- style="background: #fff8d1"
|3||style="text-align: left;"|[[IFK Stockholm]]
|6||3||2||1||7||–||6||+1||8
|-
|4||style="text-align: left;"|[[Norrmalms SK]]
|6||3||1||2||6||–||5||+1||7
|-
|5||style="text-align: left;"|[[IK Svea]]
|6||2||0||4||4||–||10||-6||4
|- style="background: #fff8d1"
|6||style="text-align: left;"|[[AIK Fotboll|AIK 3]]
|6||1||1||4||0||–||16||-16||3
|- style="background: #fff8d1"
|7||style="text-align: left;"|[[IF Swithiod|IF Swithiod 2]]
|6||0||0||6||0||–||4||-4||0
|}
=== Svenska Mästerskapet 1902 ===
;Final
{{football box
|date = August 30, 1902
|team1 = [[Örgryte IS]]
|score = 8–0<ref name="smscore">The result has traditionally been recorded as 9–0, however that is incorrect.</ref>
|team2 = [[Jönköpings AIF]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Vallområdets fotbollsplan]], [[Jönköping]]}}
=== Kamratmästerskapen 1902 ===
;Final
{{football box
|date = October 12, 1902
|team1 = [[IFK Eskilstuna]]
|score = 1–1<br />{{small|1–1 ([[extra time|aet]])}}
|team2 = [[IFK Uppsala Fotboll|IFK Uppsala]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Idrottsparken (Stockholm)|Idrottsparken]], [[Stockholm]]}}
{{football box
|date = November 2, 1902
|team1 = [[IFK Eskilstuna]]
|score = 1–0<ref name="replay">A final replay was played as the first final ended in a draw.</ref>
|team2 = [[IFK Uppsala Fotboll|IFK Uppsala]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Idrottsparken (Stockholm)|Idrottsparken]], [[Stockholm]]}}
=== Rosenska Pokalen 1902 ===
{{main article|Rosenska Pokalen 1902}}
;Final
{{football box
|date = September 7, 1902
|team1 = [[Gefle IF]]
|score = 1–0
|team2 = [[Djurgårdens IF Fotboll|Djurgårdens IF]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|stadium = [[Idrottsparken (Stockholm)|Idrottsparken]], [[Stockholm]]}}
== Notes ==
{{Reflist}}
== References ==
'''Print'''
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |editor-last=Alsiö |editor-first=Martin |editor2=Frantz, Alf |editor3=Lindahl, Jimmy |editor4=Persson, Gunnar |title=100 år: Svenska fotbollförbundets jubileumsbok 1904-2004, del 2: statistiken |publisher=Stroemberg Media Group |year=2004 |location=Vällingby |isbn=91-86184-59-8}}
*{{cite book |last=Andersson |first=Torbjörn |title=Kung fotboll: den svenska fotbollens kulturhistoria från 1800-talets slut till 1950 |year=2002 |publisher=Brutus Östlings bokförlag Symposion |location=Eslöv |isbn=91-7139-565-2}}
*{{cite book |editor-last=Glanell |editor-first=Tomas |editor2=Havik, Göran |editor3=Lindberg, Thomas |editor4=Persson, Gunnar |editor5=Ågren, Bengt |title=100 år: Svenska fotbollförbundets jubileumsbok 1904-2004, del 1 |publisher=Stroemberg Media Group |year=2004 |location=Vällingby |isbn=91-86184-59-8}}
*{{cite book |editor-last=Jönsson |editor-first=Ingemar |editor2=Josephson, Åke |title=IFK Göteborg 1904-2004: en hundraårig blåvit historia genom elva epoker |publisher=IFK Göteborg |year=2004 |location=Göteborg |isbn=91-631-4659-2}}
*{{cite book |last=Jönsson |first=Åke |title=Fotboll: hur världens största sport växte fram |year=2006 |publisher=Historiska media |location=Lund |isbn=91-85377-48-1}}
*{{cite book |last=Nylin |first=Lars |title=Den nödvändiga boken om Allsvenskan: svensk fotboll från 1896 till idag, statistik, höjdpunkter lag för lag, klassiska bilder |publisher=Semic |year=2004 |location=Sundbyberg |isbn=91-552-3168-3}}
*{{cite journal |last=Persson |first=Lennart K. |title=Fotbollens uppkomst och tidiga utveckling i Sverige och Göteborg |journal=Idrottsarvet: årets bok |issue=2002 |pages=31–69 |year=2002 |issn=0283-1791}}
{{refend}}
'''Online'''
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite web |title=Fakta och historik |publisher=[[AIK Fotboll]] |year=2006 |url=http://www.aik.se/fotboll/historik/fotboll.html |accessdate=2007-03-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070403230021/http://www.aik.se/fotboll/historik/fotboll.html |archivedate=3 April 2007 |url-status=live }}
*{{cite web |last=Glenning |first=Clas |title=Sweden final tables |year=2006 |url=http://www.geocities.com/clasglenning/Svenska_fotbollstabeller/swedish_footballpage.htm |accessdate=2007-03-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091018214744/http://geocities.com/clasglenning/Svenska_fotbollstabeller/swedish_footballpage.htm |archivedate=2009-10-18 |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite web |last=Repinski |first=Marek |title=Allsvenskan Just Nu |year=2006 |url=http://allsvenskan.just.nu/ |accessdate=2007-03-21 |archive-date=2006-05-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060519090200/http://allsvenskan.just.nu/ |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite web |title=SFS-Bolletinen |publisher=Sveriges Fotbollshistoriker och Statistiker |year=2006 |url=http://www.bolletinen.se/ |accessdate=2007-03-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070407133325/http://www.bolletinen.se/ |archivedate=7 April 2007 |url-status=live }}
*{{cite web |title=svenskfotboll.se |publisher=[[Swedish Football Association]] |year=2006 |url=http://www.svenskfotboll.se/ |accessdate=2007-03-21 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070323000703/http://www.svenskfotboll.se/ |archivedate=23 March 2007 |url-status=live }}
{{refend}}
{{Football seasons in Sweden|1902}}
[[Category:1902 in Swedish football| ]]
[[Category:Seasons in Swedish football]]
| 1,215,490,570 |
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| false |
# 1899 Homestead Library & Athletic Club season
The 1899 Homestead Library & Athletic Club football team played professional football in 1899. The team was affiliated with the Homestead Library & Athletic Club in Homestead, Pennsylvania, near Pittsburgh.
## Organization
In 1898, William Chase Temple took over the Duquesne Country and Athletic Club, becoming the first individual team owner in professional football. In 1900, most of the Duquesne players were hired by the Homestead Library & Athletic Club, by offering them higher salaries.
Bemus Pierce was hired by Homestead in mid-October 1899. He played and got hurt in the November game versus Duquesne C. & A.C. He returned to Homestead L.A.C. in 1900 and 1901, helping lead the teams to an undefeated 21–0 record.
Homestead's coach and captain in 1899 was halfback George Lowery, who had played with Duquesne C. & A.C. in 1895–1897 and the Pittsburgh Athletic Club in 1898.
Prior to Homestead adopting blue and white colors for the 1900 season, The Pittsburg[h] Post stated that the club's colors were red and black. One game report mentioned the players' "red legs" and the "blood-red Homestead line".
## Season schedule
| Date | Time | Opponent | Site | Result | Source |
| ------------ | --------- | ------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------- | --------------- | ------ |
| September 30 | | East Pittsburg A.A. | Steel Works Park Homestead, PA | W 25–0 | |
| October 7 | | Swissvale | Steel Works Park Homestead, PA | W 12–0 | [ 5 ] |
| October 14 | 3:00 p.m. | Duquesne Country and Athletic Club | Steel Works Park Homestead, PA | L 5–22 | [ 8 ] |
| October 28 | | Pittsburgh College | Steel Works Park Homestead, PA | L 0–6 (forfeit) | |
| November 7 | | at Duquesne Country and Athletic Club | Exposition Park Allegheny City, PA | L 0–53 | |
- A game with the 10th Regiment was not played on October 21 because they failed to show up. Homestead refunded money to the spectators.[9]
- The Homestead team disbanded before Thanksgiving forcing the Latrobe A.A. (November 18), Crescent A.C. (November 22), Duquesne A.C. (November 25), Western University of Pennsylvania (November 30) to find new opponents.[10]
|
enwiki/61182249
|
enwiki
| 61,182,249 |
1899 Homestead Library & Athletic Club season
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1899_Homestead_Library_%26_Athletic_Club_season
|
2025-03-06T22:04:40Z
|
en
|
Q65052906
| 47,351 |
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox early American football team season
| team = Homestead Library & Athletic Club
| year = 1899
| image = Homestead Library Athletic Club football team 1899.jpg
| caption = Drawing from ''The Pittsburg[h] Press''
| bg_color = #b00000
| text_color = white
| border_color = black
| record = 2–3
| manager = Lewis Rosser
| coach = George Lowery
| captain = George Lowery
| field = Steel Works Park
| previous =
| next = [[1900 Homestead Library & Athletic Club season|1900]]
}}
The '''1899 Homestead Library & Athletic Club football team''' played professional [[American football|football]] in 1899. The team was affiliated with the [[Homestead Library & Athletic Club]] in [[Homestead, Pennsylvania]], near [[Pittsburgh]].
==Organization==
In 1898, [[William Chase Temple]] took over the [[Duquesne Country and Athletic Club]], becoming the first individual team owner in professional football. In 1900, most of the Duquesne players were hired by the Homestead Library & Athletic Club, by offering them higher salaries.<ref name=Pro>{{cite web|title=Pro Football Before The NFL |publisher=Quake City |url=http://foreshock.wordpress.com/origin-of-nfl-teams-1922-present/pro-football-before-the-nfl/ |accessdate=20 June 2009 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090625111707/http://foreshock.wordpress.com/origin-of-nfl-teams-1922-present/pro-football-before-the-nfl/ |archivedate=25 June 2009 |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[Bemus Pierce]] was hired by Homestead in mid-October 1899. He played and got hurt in the November game versus Duquesne C. & A.C.<ref>{{citation |title=Coach Pierce Hurt |newspaper=Buffalo Evening News |date=November 9, 1899 |page=10 |location=Buffalo, NY}}</ref> He returned to Homestead L.A.C. in 1900 and 1901, helping lead the teams to an undefeated 21–0 record.
Homestead's coach and captain in 1899 was halfback George Lowery, who had played with Duquesne C. & A.C. in 1895–1897 and the [[Pittsburgh Athletic Club (football)|Pittsburgh Athletic Club]] in 1898.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Pittsburg Post|page=7|date=September 17, 1899|title=Practice at Homestead|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/142301984/|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Pittsburg Press|page=5|date=October 6, 1899|title=Foot Ball|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/142303244/|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref><ref name="Press Oct 8">{{cite news|newspaper=The Pittsburg Press|page=13|date=October 8, 1899|title=Many Contests on Local Fields|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/115735272/|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>
Prior to Homestead adopting blue and white colors for the 1900 season, [[Pittsburgh Post|''The Pittsburg[h] Post'']] stated that the club's colors were red and black.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Pittsburg Post|date=July 15, 1900|page=6|title=Strong Rival for Duquesne|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/27617926/|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref> One game report mentioned the players' "red legs" and the "blood-red Homestead line".<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=The Pittsburg Post|date=November 8, 1899|page=6|title=D. C. & A. C. Trounces Homestead|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/53703214/|via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>
==Season schedule==
{{CFB schedule
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = September 30
| w/l = w
| nonconf =
| opponent = East Pittsburg A.A.
| site_stadium = Steel Works Park
| site_cityst = [[Homestead, Pennsylvania|Homestead, PA]]
| score = 25–0
| attend =
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 7
| w/l = w
| nonconf =
| opponent = Swissvale
| site_stadium = Steel Works Park
| site_cityst = Homestead, PA
| score = 12–0
| attend =
| source = <ref name="Press Oct 8"/>
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 14
| time = 3:00 p.m.
| w/l = l
| opponent = [[1899 Duquesne Country and Athletic Club season|Duquesne Country and Athletic Club]]
| site_stadium = Steel Works Park
| site_cityst = Homestead, PA
| score = 5–22
| attend =
| source = <ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=To-Day's Struggle |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/81804897/pittsburgh-post-gazette/ |newspaper=[[Pittsburgh Commercial Gazette]] |location=[[Pittsburgh |Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania]] |date=October 14, 1899 |page=6 |access-date=July 19, 2021 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] {{Open access}} }}</ref>
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 28
| w/l = l
| opponent = [[1899 Pittsburgh College football team|Pittsburgh College]]
| site_stadium = Steel Works Park
| site_cityst = Homestead, PA
| score = 0–6 (forfeit)
| attend =
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 7
| w/l = l
| away = y
| opponent = Duquesne Country and Athletic Club
| site_stadium = [[Exposition Park (Pittsburgh)|Exposition Park]]
| site_cityst = [[Allegheny City, Pennsylvania|Allegheny City, PA]]
| score = 0–53
| attend =
}}
}}
* A game with the 10th Regiment was not played on October 21 because they failed to show up. Homestead refunded money to the spectators.<ref>{{citation |title=Homestead Didn't Play |newspaper=The Pittsburg Post |location=Pittsburgh, PA |page=8 |date=October 22, 1899 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79206278/ |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>
* The Homestead team disbanded before Thanksgiving forcing the [[Latrobe Athletic Association|Latrobe A.A.]] (November 18), Crescent A.C. (November 22), Duquesne A.C. (November 25), [[Pittsburgh Panthers football|Western University of Pennsylvania]] (November 30) to find new opponents.<ref>{{citation |title=Football |newspaper=The Pittsburg Press |location=Pittsburgh, PA |page=5 |date=November 22, 1899 |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/79206371/ |via=Newspapers.com}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1899 Homestead Library and Athletic Club football team}}
[[Category:1899 in American football|Homestead Library and Athletic Club]]
[[Category:Homestead Library & Athletic Club seasons]]
[[Category:1899 in sports in Pennsylvania|Homestead Library and Athletic Club football]]
| 1,279,159,605 |
[{"title": "1899 Homestead Library & Athletic Club football", "data": {"Record": "2\u20133", "Manager": "- Lewis Rosser", "Head coach": "- George Lowery", "Captain": "- George Lowery", "Home field": "Steel Works Park"}}]
| false |
# 1889 Redfern colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Redfern on 8 July 1889 because of the death of John Sutherland (Protectionist).
## Dates
| Date | Event |
| ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 23 June 1889 | John Sutherland died. |
| 28 June 1889 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 4 July 1889 | Day of nomination |
| 8 July 1889 | Polling day |
| 16 July 1889 | Return of writ |
## Candidates
- George Anderson (Free Trade) was a wool merchant and a past Mayor of Waterloo who had been unsuccessful at the election in January 1889 by a margin of 114 votes (0.5%).[3]
- William Schey (Protectionist) was the secretary of the Railways and Tramways Association and the district included the Eveleigh Railway Yards. He had been elected as a Free Trade member for Redfern in 1887, however he switched to the Protectionist party for the 1889 election where he finished last with a margin of 1,505 votes (6.9%).[3]
## Result
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ------------------ | ------------------ | ----------------------- | ----- | ---- | -- |
| | Protectionist | William Schey (elected) | 2,915 | 50.2 | |
| | Free Trade | George Anderson | 2,890 | 49.8 | |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 5,805 | 98.8 | |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 69 | 1.2 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 5,874 | 61.2 | |
| | Protectionist hold | | | | |
|
enwiki/67526697
|
enwiki
| 67,526,697 |
1889 Redfern colonial by-election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1889_Redfern_colonial_by-election
|
2023-03-28T08:49:42Z
|
en
|
Q106644097
| 66,262 |
{{short description|By-election in New South Wales, Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=April 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
A by-election was held for the [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly]] electorate of [[Electoral district of Redfern|Redfern]] on 8 July 1889 because of the death of [[John Sutherland (New South Wales politician)|John Sutherland]] ({{Australian politics/name|Protectionist}}).<ref name="John Sutherland NSW parl">{{Cite NSW Parliament |name=Mr John Sutherland (1816-1889) |id=440 |former=Yes |access-date=25 September 2019}}</ref>
==Dates==
{| class="wikitable"
! Date !! Event
|-
| 23 June 1889
| John Sutherland died.<ref name="John Sutherland NSW parl"/>
|-
| 28 June 1889
| [[Writ of election]] issued by the [[Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly|Speaker of the Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article224329134 |title=Writ of election: Redfern |newspaper=[[New South Wales Government Gazette]] |issue=334 |date=28 June 1889 |access-date=2021-04-29 |page=4499 |via=Trove}}</ref>
|-
| 4 July 1889
| Day of nomination
|-
| 8 July 1889
| Polling day
|-
| 16 July 1889
| Return of writ
|}
==Candidates==
* [[George Anderson (Australian politician)|George Anderson]] ({{Australian politics/name|Free Trade}}) was a wool merchant and a past [[Mayor of Waterloo]] who had been unsuccessful at the [[Results of the 1889 New South Wales colonial election#Redfern|election in January 1889]] by a margin of 114 votes (0.5%).<ref name="Green 1889">{{cite NSW election |year=1889 |district=Redfern |access-date=2021-04-29}}</ref>
* [[William Schey]] ({{Australian politics/name|Protectionist}}) was the secretary of the Railways and Tramways Association and the district included the [[Eveleigh Railway Yards]]. He had been elected as a Free Trade member for Redfern in 1887, however he switched to the Protectionist party for the 1889 election where he finished last with a margin of 1,505 votes (6.9%).<ref name="Green 1889"/>
==Result==
{{Election box begin
|title = <includeonly>[[1889 Redfern colonial by-election|</includeonly>1889 Redfern by-election<includeonly>]]</includeonly><br>Monday 8 July{{hsp}}<ref name="Green">{{cite NSW election |title=1889 Redfern by-election |year=1889 |district=Redfern_1 |access-date=2021-04-29}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box candidate AU party
|party = Protectionist
|candidate = '''[[William Schey]] (elected)'''
|votes = 2,915
|percentage = 50.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate AU party
|party = Free Trade
|candidate = [[George Anderson (Australian politician)|George Anderson]]
|votes = 2,890
|percentage = 49.8
|change =
}}
{{Election box formal
|votes = 5,805
|percentage = 98.8
|change =
}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 69
|percentage = 1.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 5,874
|percentage = 61.2
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold AU party
|winner = Protectionist
|swing = No
}}
{{Election box end}}<includeonly>
[[John Sutherland (New South Wales politician)|John Sutherland]] ({{Australian politics/name|Protectionist}}) died.<ref name="Green"/></includeonly>
==See also==
*[[Electoral results for the district of Redfern]]
*[[List of New South Wales state by-elections]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{NSW by-elections 14th parl|state=expanded}}
{{Results of New South Wales state elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Redfern 1889}}
[[Category:New South Wales state by-elections]]
[[Category:1889 elections in Australia]]
[[Category:1890s in New South Wales]]
| 1,147,009,438 |
[]
| false |
# 1425 Tuorla
1425 Tuorla, provisional designation 1937 GB, is a stony Eunomian asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 3 April 1937, by Finnish astronomer Kustaa Inkeri at the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory in Turku, southwestern Finland. The asteroid was named after the Tuorla Observatory of the University of Turku. It was Kustaa Inkeri's only asteroid discovery.
## Orbit and classification
Tuorla is a member of the Eunomia family (502), a prominent family of stony asteroids and the largest one in the intermediate main belt with more than 5,000 members.: 23 It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.3–2.9 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,542 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.10 and an inclination of 13° with respect to the ecliptic. The body's observation arc begins at Turku, the night before its official discovery observation.
## Physical characteristics
Tuorla has been characterized as a stony S-type asteroid by Pan-STARRS photometric survey, in accordance with the overall spectral type for members of the Eunomia family.: 23
### Rotation period
In April 2013, the so-far best-rated a rotational lightcurve of Tuorla was obtained from photometric observations by astronomer Vladimir Benishek at Belgrade Observatory in Serbia. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 7.75 hours (h) with a brightness variation of 0.24 magnitude (U=3). Other lightcurves were obtained by Alfonso Carreno Garceran (6.76 h), Laurent Bernasconi (7.75 h), and the Palomar Transient Factory (7.748 h),
### Diameter and albedo
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Tuorla measures between 11.795 and 14.94 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.2390 and 0.383. The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.2389 and adopts a diameter of 14.94 kilometers from IRAS, based on an absolute magnitude of 11.3.
## Naming
This minor planet was named after the Tuorla Observatory, the Research Institute for Astronomy and Optics, of the University of Turku, located in Piikkiö near Turku, Finland. The Tuorla Observatory was established by prolific minor-planet discoverer Yrjö Väisälä in 1952, as an alternative to the Iso-Heikkilä Observatory, where this asteroid was discovered. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 30 January 1964 (M.P.C. 2277).
|
enwiki/16634251
|
enwiki
| 16,634,251 |
1425 Tuorla
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1425_Tuorla
|
2023-12-25T15:13:46Z
|
en
|
Q139049
| 131,386 |
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| name = 1425 Tuorla
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| discovery_ref = <ref name="jpldata" />
| discoverer = [[Kustaa Aadolf Inkeri|K. Inkeri]]
| discovery_site = [[Iso-Heikkilä Observatory|Turku Obs.]]
| discovered = 3 April 1937
| mpc_name = (1425) Tuorla
| alt_names = 1937 GB{{·}}1950 KC<br />1950 LQ
| pronounced =
| named_after = [[Tuorla Observatory]]<ref name="springer" /><br />{{small|(Inst. for Astronomy and Optics)}}
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]{{·}}{{small|([[Kirkwood gap|middle]])}}<br />[[Eunomia family|Eunomia]]<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" />
| orbit_ref = <ref name="jpldata" />
| epoch = 4 September 2017 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 67.14 yr (24,522 days)
| aphelion = 2.8766 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| perihelion = 2.3483 AU
| semimajor = 2.6125 AU
| eccentricity = 0.1011
| period = 4.22 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1,542 days)
| mean_anomaly = 40.218[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2334|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 12.975°
| asc_node = 185.99°
| arg_peri = 342.25°
| dimensions = {{val|11.795|0.874}} km<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><br />{{val|14.34|1.08}} km<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|14.94|1.1}} km<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="SIMPS" />
| rotation = {{val|6.76|0.01}} h{{efn|name=lcdb-Garceran-2013}}<br />{{val|6.97|0.01}} [[Hour|h]]<ref name="geneva-obs" /><br />{{val|7.748|0.0027}} h<ref name="Waszczak-2015" /><br />{{val|7.75|0.06}} h<ref name="Benishek-2014a" />
| albedo = 0.2389 {{small|(derived)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|0.2390|0.040}}<ref name="SIMPS" /><br />{{val|0.260|0.041}}<ref name="AKARI" /><br />{{val|0.383|0.083}}<ref name="Masiero-2012" />
| spectral_type = [[S-type asteroid|S]]<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Veres-2015" />
| abs_magnitude = {{val|11.173|0.003}} {{small|(R)}}<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />{{·}}11.30<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Masiero-2012" /><ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="SIMPS" />{{·}}11.4<ref name="jpldata" />{{·}}{{val|11.91|0.41}}<ref name="Veres-2015" />
}}
'''1425 Tuorla''', provisional designation {{mp|1937 GB}}, is a stony Eunomian [[asteroid]] from the central regions of the [[asteroid belt]], approximately 14 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 3 April 1937, by Finnish astronomer [[Kustaa Aadolf Inkeri|Kustaa Inkeri]] at the [[Iso-Heikkilä Observatory]] in Turku, southwestern Finland.<ref name="MPC-object" /> The asteroid was named after the [[Tuorla Observatory]] of the [[University of Turku]].<ref name="springer" /> It was Kustaa Inkeri's only asteroid discovery.<ref name="MPC-Discoverers" />
== Orbit and classification ==
''Tuorla'' is a member of the [[Eunomia family]] ({{small|[[FIN tbl#502|502]]}}),<ref name="lcdb" /><ref name="Ferret" /> a prominent [[Asteroid family|family]] of stony asteroids and the largest one in the [[Kirkwood gap|intermediate]] main belt with more than 5,000 members.<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}} It orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.3–2.9 [[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 4 years and 3 months (1,542 days). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.10 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 13[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the [[ecliptic]].<ref name="jpldata" /> The body's [[observation arc]] begins at Turku, the night before its official discovery observation.<ref name="MPC-object" />
== Physical characteristics ==
''Tuorla'' has been characterized as a stony [[S-type asteroid]] by [[Pan-STARRS]] photometric survey,<ref name="Veres-2015" /> in accordance with the overall [[Asteroid spectral type|spectral type]] for members of the Eunomia family.<ref name="Nesvorny-2014" />{{rp|23}}
=== Rotation period ===
In April 2013, the so-far best-rated a rotational [[lightcurve]] of ''Tuorla'' was obtained from photometric observations by astronomer Vladimir Benishek at [[Belgrade Observatory]] in Serbia. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined [[rotation period]] of 7.75 hours (h) with a brightness variation of 0.24 [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=3]]}}).<ref name="Benishek-2014a" /> Other lightcurves were obtained by Alfonso Carreno Garceran (6.76 h),{{efn|name=lcdb-Garceran-2013}} [[Laurent Bernasconi]] (7.75 h),<ref name="geneva-obs" /> and the [[Palomar Transient Factory]] (7.748 h),<ref name="Waszczak-2015" />
=== Diameter and albedo ===
According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite [[IRAS]], the Japanese [[Akari (satellite)|Akari satellite]] and the [[NEOWISE]] mission of NASA's [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]], ''Tuorla'' measures between 11.795 and 14.94 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an [[astronomical albedo|albedo]] between 0.2390 and 0.383.<ref name="Masiero-2012" /><ref name="AKARI" /><ref name="SIMPS" /> The ''Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link'' derives an albedo of 0.2389 and adopts a diameter of 14.94 kilometers from IRAS, based on an [[absolute magnitude]] of 11.3.<ref name="lcdb" />
== Naming ==
This [[minor planet]] was named after the [[Tuorla Observatory]], the Research Institute for Astronomy and Optics, of the [[University of Turku]], located in [[Piikkiö]] near Turku, Finland.<ref name="springer" /> The Tuorla Observatory was established by prolific minor-planet discoverer [[Yrjö Väisälä]] in 1952, as an alternative to the [[Iso-Heikkilä Observatory]], where this asteroid was discovered. The official {{MoMP|1425|naming citation}} was published by the [[Minor Planet Center]] on 30 January 1964 ({{small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 2277}}).<ref name="DoMP-Circular-dates" />
== Notes ==
{{notelist|refs=
{{efn|name=lcdb-Garceran-2013|1=Garceran (2013) web: rotation period {{val||}} hours with a brightness amplitude of {{val|}} mag. Summary figures for (1425) Tuorla at [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1425%7CTuorla LCDB]}}
}} <!-- end of notelist -->
== References ==
{{reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
|type = 2017-07-05 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1425 Tuorla (1937 GB)
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001425
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200918015351/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2001425
|url-status = dead
|archive-date = 18 September 2020
|publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
|accessdate = 26 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="springer">{{cite book
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names |publisher = [[Springer Berlin Heidelberg]]
|page = 114
|date = 2007
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1426 |chapter = (1425) Tuorla }}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-object">{{cite web
|title = 1425 Tuorla (1937 GB)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=1425
|accessdate = 26 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="DoMP-Circular-dates">{{cite book
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008)
|year = 2009
|url = https://archive.org/details/dictionaryminorp2008schm
|url-access = registration
|chapter = Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs
|last = Schmadel |first=Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|page = [https://archive.org/details/dictionaryminorp2008schm/page/n230 221]
|isbn = 978-3-642-01964-7
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4}}</ref>
<ref name="MPC-Discoverers">{{cite web
|title = Minor Planet Discoverers (by number)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/MPDiscsNum.html
|date = 5 October 2017
|accessdate = 26 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="geneva-obs">{{cite web
|title = Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1425) Tuorla
|last = Behrend |first = Raoul
|publisher = [[Geneva Observatory]]
|url = http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page4cou.html#001425
|accessdate = 26 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Ferret">{{cite web
|title = Asteroid 1425 Tuorla – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0
|work = Small Bodies Data Ferret
|url = https://sbntools.psi.edu/ferret/SimpleSearch/results.action?targetName=1425+Tuorla#Asteroid%201425%20TuorlaEAR-A-VARGBDET-5-NESVORNYFAM-V3.0
|accessdate = 26 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="Nesvorny-2014">{{Cite book
|first1 = D. |last1 = Nesvorný
|first2 = M. |last2 = Broz
|first3 = V. |last3 = Carruba
|date = December 2014
|chapter = Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families
|title = Asteroids IV
|pages = 297–321
|bibcode = 2015aste.book..297N
|doi = 10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016
|arxiv = 1502.01628
|isbn = 9780816532131}}</ref>
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
|title = LCDB Data for (1425) Tuorla
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=1425%7CTuorla
|accessdate = 26 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Masiero-2012">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Joseph R. |last1 = Masiero
|first2 = A. K. |last2 = Mainzer
|first3 = T. |last3 = Grav
|first4 = J. M. |last4 = Bauer
|first5 = R. M. |last5 = Cutri
|first6 = C. |last6 = Nugent
|first7 = M. S. |last7 = Cabrera
|date = November 2012
|title = Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2012ApJ...759L...8M
|journal = The Astrophysical Journal Letters
|volume = 759
|issue = 1
|page = 5
|bibcode = 2012ApJ...759L...8M
|doi = 10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8
|arxiv = 1209.5794
|access-date= 26 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Fumihiko |last1 = Usui
|first2 = Daisuke |last2 = Kuroda
|first3 = Thomas G. |last3 = Müller
|first4 = Sunao |last4 = Hasegawa
|first5 = Masateru |last5 = Ishiguro
|first6 = Takafumi |last6 = Ootsubo
|first7 = Daisuke |last7 = Ishihara
|first8 = Hirokazu |last8 = Kataza
|first9 = Satoshi |last9 = Takita
|first10 = Shinki |last10 = Oyabu
|first11 = Munetaka |last11 = Ueno
|first12 = Hideo |last12 = Matsuhara
|first13 = Takashi |last13 = Onaka
|date = October 2011
|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
|volume = 63
|issue = 5
|pages = 1117–1138
|bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
|doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
|doi-access= free
}} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=1425 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>
<ref name="SIMPS">{{cite journal
|first1 = E. F. |last1 = Tedesco
|first2 = P. V. |last2 = Noah
|first3 = M. |last3 = Noah
|first4 = S. D. |last4 = Price
|date = October 2004
|title = IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0
|url = https://sbnarchive.psi.edu/pds3/iras/IRAS_A_FPA_3_RDR_IMPS_V6_0/data/diamalb.tab
|journal = NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0
|bibcode = 2004PDSS...12.....T
|accessdate = 17 October 2019}}</ref>
<ref name="Benishek-2014a">{{Cite journal
|author = Benishek, Vladimir
|date = April 2014
|title = Rotation Period Determination for 1425 Tuorla, 1468 Zomba, 1486 Marilyn, 2112 Ulyanov, and (101158) 2000 OL
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2014MPBu...41..126B
|journal = The Minor Planet Bulletin
|volume = 41
|issue = 2
|pages = 126–127
|issn = 1052-8091
|bibcode = 2014MPBu...41..126B
|access-date= 26 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Waszczak-2015">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Adam |last1 = Waszczak
|first2 = Chan-Kao |last2 = Chang
|first3 = Eran O. |last3 = Ofek
|first4 = Russ |last4 = Laher
|first5 = Frank |last5 = Masci
|first6 = David |last6 = Levitan
|first7 = Jason |last7 = Surace
|first8 = Yu-Chi |last8 = Cheng
|first9 = Wing-Huen |last9 = Ip
|first10 = Daisuke |last10 = Kinoshita
|first11 = George |last11 = Helou
|first12 = Thomas A. |last12 = Prince
|first13 = Shrinivas |last13 = Kulkarni
|date = September 2015
|title = Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015AJ....150...75W
|journal = The Astronomical Journal
|volume = 150
|issue = 3
|page = 35
|bibcode = 2015AJ....150...75W
|doi = 10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75
|arxiv = 1504.04041
|access-date= 26 October 2017}}</ref>
<ref name="Veres-2015">{{cite journal
|display-authors = 6
|first1 = Peter |last1 = Veres
|first2 = Robert |last2 = Jedicke
|first3 = Alan |last3 = Fitzsimmons
|first4 = Larry |last4 = Denneau
|first5 = Mikael |last5 = Granvik
|first6 = Bryce |last6 = Bolin
|first7 = Serge |last7 = Chastel
|first8 = Richard J. |last8 = Wainscoat
|first9 = William S. |last9 = Burgett
|first10 = Kenneth C. |last10 = Chambers
|first11 = Heather |last11 = Flewelling
|first12 = Nick |last12 = Kaiser
|first13 = Eugen A. |last13 = Magnier
|first14 = Jeff S. |last14 = Morgan
|first15 = Paul A. |last15 = Price
|first16 = John L. |last16 = Tonry
|first17 = Christopher |last17 = Waters
|date = November 2015
|title = Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2015Icar..261...34V
|journal = Icarus
|volume = 261
|pages = 34–47
|bibcode = 2015Icar..261...34V
|doi = 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007
|arxiv = 1506.00762
|access-date= 26 October 2017}}</ref>
}} <!-- end of reflist -->
== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{AstDys|1425}}
* {{JPL small body}}
{{Minor planets navigator |1424 Sundmania |number=1425 |1426 Riviera}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Authority control}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tuorla}}
[[Category:Eunomia asteroids|001425]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1937|19370403]]
| 1,191,752,830 |
[{"title": "1425 Tuorla", "data": {"Discovered by": "K. Inkeri", "Discovery site": "Turku Obs.", "Discovery date": "3 April 1937"}}, {"title": "Designations", "data": {"MPC designation": "(1425) Tuorla", "Named after": "Tuorla Observatory \u00b7 (Inst. for Astronomy and Optics)", "Alternative designations": "1937 GB \u00b7 1950 KC \u00b7 1950 LQ", "Minor planet category": "main-belt \u00b7 (middle) \u00b7 Eunomia"}}, {"title": "Orbital characteristics", "data": {"Orbital characteristics": ["Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)", "Uncertainty parameter 0"], "Observation arc": "67.14 yr (24,522 days)", "Aphelion": "2.8766 AU", "Perihelion": "2.3483 AU", "Semi-major axis": "2.6125 AU", "Eccentricity": "0.1011", "Orbital period (sidereal)": "4.22 yr (1,542 days)", "Mean anomaly": "40.218\u00b0", "Mean motion": "0\u00b0 14m 0.24s / day", "Inclination": "12.975\u00b0", "Longitude of ascending node": "185.99\u00b0", "Argument of perihelion": "342.25\u00b0"}}, {"title": "Physical characteristics", "data": {"Dimensions": "11.795\u00b10.874 km \u00b7 14.34\u00b11.08 km \u00b7 14.94\u00b11.1 km", "Synodic rotation period": "6.76\u00b10.01 h \u00b7 6.97\u00b10.01 h \u00b7 7.748\u00b10.0027 h \u00b7 7.75\u00b10.06 h", "Geometric albedo": "0.2389 (derived) \u00b7 0.2390\u00b10.040 \u00b7 0.260\u00b10.041 \u00b7 0.383\u00b10.083", "Spectral type": "S", "Absolute magnitude (H)": "11.173\u00b10.003 (R) \u00b7 11.30 \u00b7 11.4 \u00b7 11.91\u00b10.41"}}]
| false |
# 18th Infantry Division (Greece)
The 18th Infantry Division (Greek: XVII Μεραρχία Πεζικού, XVIII ΜΠ; XVIII Merarchia Pezikou, XVIII MP) was an infantry division of the Hellenic Army that fought in the Battle of the Metaxas Line.
The division was formed in December 1940, under Major General Leonidas Stergiopoulos. It was subordinated to the Eastern Macedonia Army Section (TSAM) and faced the German attack on 6 April 1941 in the area of Mount Beles. The division was unable to halt the German attack, which outflanked TSAM and led to its surrender on 9 April.
## Sources
- Hellenic Army History Directorate (1997). An Abridged History of the Greek-Italian and Greek-German War, 1940-1941 (Land Operations) (in Greek). Athens: Hellenic Army General Staff, Army History Directorate. ISBN 9789607897015.
|
enwiki/65480174
|
enwiki
| 65,480,174 |
18th Infantry Division (Greece)
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_Infantry_Division_(Greece)
|
2024-10-26T22:37:14Z
|
en
|
Q104860811
| 33,998 |
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 18th Infantry Division<br> XVIII Μεραρχία Πεζικού (XVIII ΜΠ)
| image=
| image_size = 300
|caption=
|dates= 1940–1941
|country= {{Flag|Kingdom of Greece}}
|branch= [[File:HellenicArmySeal.svg|20px]] [[Hellenic Army]]
|type= [[Infantry]]
|role=
|size=[[Division (military)|Division]]
|command_structure=
|garrison=
|patron=
|motto=
|battles= [[Battle of the Metaxas Line]]
|anniversaries=
}}
The '''18th Infantry Division''' ({{langx|el|XVII Μεραρχία Πεζικού, XVIII ΜΠ}}; ''XVIII Merarchia Pezikou'', ''XVIII MP'') was an [[infantry]] [[division (military)|division]] of the [[Hellenic Army]] that fought in the [[Battle of the Metaxas Line]].
The division was formed in December 1940, under [[Major General]] [[Leonidas Stergiopoulos]].{{sfn|An Abridged History|pp=311–312}} It was subordinated to the [[Eastern Macedonia Army Section]] (TSAM) and faced the German attack on 6 April 1941 in the area of [[Mount Beles]].{{sfn|An Abridged History|pp=190, 193}} The division was unable to halt the German attack, which outflanked TSAM and led to its surrender on 9 April.
== References ==
{{reflist|2}}
== Sources ==
* {{cite book | title = An Abridged History of the Greek-Italian and Greek-German War, 1940-1941 (Land Operations) | author = Hellenic Army History Directorate | publisher = Hellenic Army General Staff, Army History Directorate | year = 1997 | location = Athens | isbn = 9789607897015 | language = Greek | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=QOlmAAAAMAAJ | ref={{harvid|An Abridged History}} }}
{{Greece divisions}}
{{Portal bar|Greece}}
[[Category:1940 establishments in Greece]]
[[Category:1941 disestablishments in Greece]]
[[Category:Infantry divisions of Greece]]
[[Category:Military units and formations of Greece in World War II]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1940]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1941]]
| 1,253,608,989 |
[{"title": "18th Infantry Division \u00b7 XVIII \u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03a0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd (XVIII \u039c\u03a0)", "data": {"Active": "1940\u20131941", "Country": "Kingdom of Greece", "Branch": "Hellenic Army", "Type": "Infantry", "Size": "Division", "Engagements": "Battle of the Metaxas Line"}}]
| false |
# 1890 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles
Lena Rice defeated May Jacks 6–4, 6–1 in the all comers' final to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1890 Wimbledon Championships. The reigning champion Blanche Hillyard did not defend her title. Despite previous draws there were only four competitors in the tournament, the smallest entry ever for any competition at Wimbledon.
## Draw
### Key
- Q = Qualifier
- WC = Wild card
- LL = Lucky loser
- Alt = Alternate
- SE = Special exempt
- PR = Protected ranking
- ITF = ITF entry
- JE = Junior exempt
- w/o = Walkover
- r = Retired
- d = Defaulted
- SR = Special ranking
### All Comers'
| | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | | | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | May Jacks | May Jacks | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | |
| | May Jacks | May Jacks | 6 | 7 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Edith Cole | Edith Cole | 4 | 5 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Edith Cole | Edith Cole | 4 | 5 | | Lena Rice | Lena Rice | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | | | | | | Lena Rice | Lena Rice | 6 | 6 | | | | |
| | | | May Jacks | May Jacks | 4 | 1 | | | | | | | |
| | Lena Rice | Lena Rice | May Jacks | May Jacks | 4 | 1 | 7 | 6 | | | | | |
| | Lena Rice | Lena Rice | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | Mary Steedman | Mary Steedman | 5 | 2 | | | | | | | | | |
|
enwiki/30530481
|
enwiki
| 30,530,481 |
1890 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1890_Wimbledon_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_singles
|
2024-01-07T16:43:14Z
|
en
|
Q282896
| 104,866 |
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox tennis tournament event|1890|Wimbledon Championships
| champ = {{flagicon|IRE}} [[Lena Rice]]
| runner = {{flagicon|GBR}} [[May Jacks]]
| score = 6–4, 6–1
| draw = 4
| seeds = –
| type =
}}
{{Main article|1890 Wimbledon Championships}}
[[Lena Rice]] defeated [[May Jacks]] 6–4, 6–1 in the all comers' final to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1890 Wimbledon Championships.<ref name="Barrett">{{cite book|last=Barrett|first=John|title=Wimbledon: The Official History|date=2014|publisher=Vision Sports Publishing|isbn=9-781909-534230|edition=4th}}</ref> The reigning champion [[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]] did not defend her title. Despite previous draws there were only four competitors in the tournament, the smallest entry ever for any competition at Wimbledon.
==Draw==
{{Draw key}}
===All Comers'===
{{4TeamBracket-Tennis3
| RD1=Semifinals
| RD2=Final
| team-width=170
| seeds=
| RD1-seed1=
| RD1-team1={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[May Jacks]]'''
| RD1-score1-1='''6'''
| RD1-score1-2='''7'''
| RD1-score1-3=
| RD1-seed2=
| RD1-team2={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Edith Cole (tennis)|Edith Cole]]
| RD1-score2-1=4
| RD1-score2-2=5
| RD1-score2-3=
| RD1-seed3=
| RD1-team3={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Lena Rice]]'''
| RD1-score3-1='''7'''
| RD1-score3-2='''6'''
| RD1-score3-3=
| RD1-seed4=
| RD1-team4={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Mary Steedman]]
| RD1-score4-1=5
| RD1-score4-2=2
| RD1-score4-3=
| RD2-seed1=
| RD2-team1={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Lena Rice]]'''
| RD2-score1-1='''6'''
| RD2-score1-2='''6'''
| RD2-score1-3=
| RD2-seed2=
| RD2-team2={{flagicon|GBR}} [[May Jacks]]
| RD2-score2-1=4
| RD2-score2-2=1
| RD2-score2-3=
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Wimbledondraws|1890|LS}}
{{start box}}
{{Succession box | before={{nowrap|[[1889 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles]]}}| title=[[List of Grand Slam women's singles champions|Grand Slam women's singles]] | years= | after={{nowrap|[[1890 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles]]}}}}
{{end box}}
{{Wimbledon women's singles drawsheets}}
{{Wimbledon women's singles champions}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1890 Wimbledon Championships - Ladies Singles}}
[[Category:1890 Wimbledon Championships|Ladies' Singles]]
[[Category:Wimbledon Championship by year – Women's singles]]
[[Category:1890 in women's tennis|Wimbledon Championships - Singles]]
[[Category:1890 in British women's sport|Wimbledon Championships - Singles]]
| 1,194,176,737 |
[{"title": "Women's singles", "data": {"Champion": "Lena Rice", "Runner-up": "May Jacks", "Score": "6\u20134, 6\u20131", "Draw": "4", "Seeds": "\u2013"}}, {"title": "Singles", "data": {"Singles": "men \u00b7 women", "Doubles": "men \u00b7 women"}}]
| false |
# 1906 in literature
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1906.
## Events
- February 8 – The writer Hilaire Belloc becomes a Liberal Member of Parliament of the United Kingdom.
- February 15 – J. M. Dent and Co. initiates the U.K. Everyman's Library series, edited by Ernest Rhys. The first title is Boswell's Life of Johnson.
- March 13 – The Romanian nationalist historian Nicolae Iorga instigates a boycott of the National Theater Bucharest over its staging of French-language plays. A riot ensues.[1]
- April 10–October 13 – Maxim Gorky visits the United States with his mistress, the actress Maria Andreyeva, to raise funds for the Bolsheviks.[2] In the Adirondack Mountains he writes his novel of revolutionary conversion and struggle, The Mother (Мать, Mat'). The couple then move to Capri.
- April 18 – The 1906 San Francisco earthquake destroys the unfinished premises of Stanford University Library.[3] Many of the city's leading poets and writers retreat to join the arts colony at Carmel-by-the-Sea, California known as The Barness.
- May–October – Jack London's novel White Fang is serialized in the American magazine Outing.
- June – Virginia Stephen, the future Virginia Woolf, writes her first work of fiction, a short story which becomes known as "Phyllis and Rosamond" when first published, posthumously.[4]
- July 11 – The Murder of Grace Brown in Herkimer County, New York will inspire Theodore Dreiser's novel An American Tragedy (1925) and Jennifer Donnelly's young-adult novel A Northern Light (2003).
- Pre-September – The last full-scale court performance of gambuh dance-drama is held in Bali.[5]
- September 1 – Annie Carroll Moore begins work as Superintendent of the Department of Work with Children at the New York Public Library.
- September 18 – August Strindberg's naturalist drama Miss Julie (Fröken Julie), written in 1888, is first performed on the Swedish professional stage, on tour in Lund, directed by August Falck, with Manda Bjorling in the title rôle and August Palme as Jean. It is first staged in Stockholm on December 13 at the Folkan (People's Theatre).
- November 8 – Max Reinhardt inaugurates the Kammerspiele series of new plays at the Deutsches Theater in Berlin, with a production of Ghosts by Henrik Ibsen, designed by Edvard Munch.[6]
- November 20 – Frank Wedekind's play Spring Awakening: A Children's Tragedy (Frühlings Erwachen), completed 1901, receives its first staging, as the second work presented in the Deutsches Theater's Kammerspiele series in Berlin, directed by Max Reinhardt.
- December 24 – Reginald Fessenden transmits the first radio program, a poetry reading, a violin solo, and a speech, from Brant Rock, Massachusetts.
- unknown dates
- Livraria Lello & Irmão opens a new bookstore in Porto (Portugal).
- The magazine Eesti Kirjandus (Estonian Literature) is founded in the Governorate of Estonia, as part of the Estonian national awakening.[7]
- Japanese literary scholar Tsubouchi Shōyō founds the Bungei Kyokai (Literary Arts Movement) at Waseda University, promoting the development of Shingeki drama.
## New books
### Fiction
- Pio Baroja – Paradox, rey (King Paradox)
- Rex Beach – The Spoilers
- Godfrey Benson – Tracks in the Snow
- Marjorie Bowen – The Viper of Milan
- Hall Caine – Drink: A Love Story on a Great Question
- Paul Carus – Amitabha
- Mary Cholmondeley – Prisoners
- William De Morgan – Joseph Vance[8]
- Arthur Conan Doyle – Sir Nigel
- Douglas Morey Ford – A Time of Terror: The Story of a Great Revenge (A.D. 1910)
- Ford Madox Ford – The Fifth Queen
- Zona Gale – Romance Island
- John Galsworthy – The Man of Property
- Karl Adolph Gjellerup – Der Pilger Kamanita: Ein Legendenroman (Pilgrimen Kamanita, The Pilgrim Kamanita)
- Ellen Glasgow – The Wheel of Life
- Elinor Glyn – Beyond the Rocks
- Remy de Gourmont – Une Nuit au Luxembourg (A Night in the Luxembourg)
- O. Henry – The Four Million
- Hermann Hesse – Beneath the Wheel (Unterm Rad)
- Robert Hichens – The Call of the Blood
- Mikhail Kuzmin – Wings («Крылья»)
- William John Locke – The Beloved Vagabond[9]
- Arthur Machen – The House of Souls
- George Moore – My Dead Life
- Robert Musil – The Confusions of Young Törless (Die Verwirrungen des Zöglings Törless)
- Natsume Sōseki (夏目 漱石)
- Botchan (坊っちゃん)[10]
- Kusamakura (草枕, Grass Pillow)
- Shumi no Iden (趣味の遺伝, The Heredity of Taste)
- E. Phillips Oppenheim – A Lost Leader
- Baroness Orczy
- I Will Repay
- A Son of the People
- David M. Parry – The Scarlet Empire
- Rafael Sabatini – Bardelys the Magnificent
- Felix Salten (attributed) – Josephine Mutzenbacher
- Upton Sinclair – The Jungle
- Rabindranath Tagore – Naukadubi (The Wreck)
- Mary Augusta Ward – Fenwick's Career
- H. G. Wells – In the Days of the Comet
- Owen Wister – Lady Baltimore
- P. G. Wodehouse – Love Among the Chickens
### Children and young people
- L. Frank Baum
- John Dough and the Cherub
- Annabel (as Suzanne Metcalf)
- Aunt Jane's Nieces (as Edith Van Dyne)
- Daughters of Destiny (as Schuyler Staunton)
- Sam Steele's Adventures on Land and Sea (as Capt. Hugh Fitzgerald)
- The Twinkle Tales (as Laura Bancroft)
- Angela Brazil – The Fortunes of Philippa
- Frances Hodgson Burnett
- Queen Silver-Bell
- Racketty-Packetty House
- Norman Duncan – The Adventures of Billy Topsail[11]
- Rudyard Kipling – Puck of Pook's Hill
- Selma Lagerlöf – The Wonderful Adventures of Nils (Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige)
- Jack London – White Fang
- Ferenc Molnár – A Pál utcai fiúk (The Paul Street Boys)
- Ferenc Móra – Öreg diófák alatt (Beneath Old Walnut Trees)
- Edith Nesbit
- The Railway Children (book publication)
- The Story of the Amulet
- Beatrix Potter
- The Tale of Mr. Jeremy Fisher
- The Story of a Fierce Bad Rabbit
- The Story of Miss Moppet
- Carolyn Wells – Patty's Summer Days
### Drama
- Hall Caine – The Bondman Play
- Benjamin Chapin – Lincoln
- Paul Claudel – Partage de midi (The Break of Midnight, published)
- Owen Davis – Nellie, the Beautiful Cloak Model
- John Galsworthy – The Silver Box
- Paul Gavault and Robert Charvay – Mademoiselle Josette, My Woman
- Maxim Gorky – Barbarians
- Harley Granville-Barker – Waste (refused public performance licence in UK)
- Sacha Guitry – Chez les Zoaques
- Winifred Mary Letts – The Eyes of the Blind
- George Barr McCutcheon – Brewster's Millions (adaptation)
- Emma Orczy (Baroness Orczy) – The Sin of William Jackson
- Anthony E. Wills – Blundering Billy[12]
### Poetry
- Mikhail Kuzmin – Alexandrian Songs
### Non-fiction
- Lord Acton (died 1902) – Lectures on Modern History
- Henry Adams – The Education of Henry Adams
- Hall Caine – My Story
- Joseph Conrad – The Mirror of the Sea: Memories and Impressions
- Percy Dearmer and Ralph Vaughan Williams (eds) – The English Hymnal
- Henry Watson Fowler and Francis George Fowler – The King's English
- Okakura Kakuzō – The Book of Tea (in English)
- Robert Sherard – The Life of Oscar Wilde
- Mark Twain – What Is Man?
- Helen Zimmern – The Italy of the Italians
## Births
- January 6 – Eberhard Wolfgang Möller, German playwright and poet (died 1972)
- January 9 – Barbara Sleigh, English children's writer (died 1982)
- January 19 – Robin Hyde (Iris Guiver Wilkinson), New Zealand poet and novelist (suicide 1939)
- January 22 – Robert E. Howard, American fantasy author (suicide 1936)
- January 23 – Anya Seton, American romantic author (died 1990)
- February 8 – Henry Roth, American novelist and short story writer (died 1995)
- February 13 – Máirtín Ó Cadhain, Irish language writer (died 1970)
- March 25 – A. J. P. Taylor, English historian (died 1990)
- April 13 – Samuel Beckett, Irish writer Nobel Prize in Literature winner (died 1989)
- May 8 – Esther Hoffe, Israeli mistress of Max Brod (died 2007)
- May 9 – Eleanor Estes, American librarian, author and illustrator (died 1988)
- May 21 – Profira Sadoveanu, Romanian journalist, memoirist, biographer, editor and translator (died 2003)
- May 22 – Lesbia Soravilla, Cuban writer (died 1989)
- June 23 – Wolfgang Koeppen, German novelist (died 1996)
- June 27
- Catherine Cookson, English popular novelist (died 1998)
- Vernon Watkins, Welsh poet (died 1967)
- July 4 – Margaret Douglas-Home, English writer and musician (died 1996)
- July 18 – Clifford Odets, American dramatist (died 1963)
- August 28 – John Betjeman, English poet laureate (died 1984)
- August 30 – Elizabeth Longford, English biographer (died 2002)
- September 1 – Eleanor Hibbert, English romantic novelist under several pseudonyms (died 1993)
- September 25 – Franklin Garrett, American local historian (died 2000)
- September 27 – William Empson, English poet and literary critic (died 1984)
- 30 September – J. I. M. Stewart, Scottish-born novelist and academic critic (died 1994)
- October 10 – R. K. Narayan, Indian novelist writing in English (died 2001)
- October 16 – Dino Buzzati, Italian author (died 1972)
- October 14 – Hannah Arendt, German-American intellectual (died 1975)
- November 12 – George Dillon, American editor and poet (died 1968)
- November 13 – John Sparrow, English literary scholar (died 1992)
- November 18 – Klaus Mann, German-born novelist (died 1949)
- November 29 – Barbara C. Freeman, English writer and poet (died 1999)[13]
- November 30 – John Dickson Carr, American detective fiction writer (died 1977)
- December 8 – Richard Llewellyn, British novelist (died 1983)
## Deaths
- February 9 – Paul Laurence Dunbar, American poet, novelist and playwright (born 1872)
- March 1 – Lettie S. Bigelow, American poet and author (born 1849)
- March 2 – Ellen Mary Clerke, English novelist, poet and writer on astronomy (born 1840)
- March 20
- Vasile Pogor, Moldavian/Romanian poet, scholar and politician (born 1833)
- A. D. T. Whitney, American poet and girls' writer (born 1824)
- April 6 – Alexander Kielland, Norwegian novelist (born 1849)
- April 11 – Francis Pharcellus Church, American editor and publisher (born 1839)
- April 14 – Nora Chesson, English poet (born 1871)
- May 5 – Eliza Brightwen, Scottish naturalist (born 1830)
- May 23 – Henrik Ibsen, Norwegian playwright (born 1828)
- June 29 – Albert Sorel, French historian (born 1842)
- June 30 – Jean Lorrain, French Symbolist poet (born 1855)
- August 17 – Elizabeth Missing Sewell, English novelist and educationist (born 1815)
- August 19 – Agnes Catherine Maitland, English academic, novelist and cookery writer (born 1850)
- September 10 – Rose Porter, American religious novelist (born 1845)
- September 24 – Charlotte Riddell, Anglo-Irish novelist and editor (born 1832)
- October 9 – Wilhelmina FitzClarence, Countess of Munster, English novelist (born 1830)
- December 6 – Anne Ross Cousin, English poet (born 1824)
## Awards
- Nobel Prize for Literature: Giosuè Carducci
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1906|literature|poetry}}
This article contains information about the literary events and publications of '''1906'''.
<!-- Redlinks make no sense in a list of pages. Add new links as pages are written. -->
==Events==
[[File:Z. Gippius by L.Bakst (1906, Tretyakov gallery).jpg|thumb|240px|Russian writer [[Zinaida Gippius]] in exile in France during 1906, portrayed by [[Léon Bakst]]]]
*[[February 8]] – The writer [[Hilaire Belloc]] becomes a [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] Member of [[Parliament of the United Kingdom]].
*[[February 15]] – [[J. M. Dent]] and Co. initiates the U.K. [[Everyman's Library]] series, edited by [[Ernest Rhys]]. The first title is [[James Boswell|Boswell's]] ''[[Life of Johnson]]''.
*[[March 13]] – The Romanian nationalist historian [[Nicolae Iorga]] instigates a boycott of the [[National Theater Bucharest]] over its staging of French-language plays. A riot ensues.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Nastasă |first=Lucian |title="Suveranii" universităților românești. Mecanisme de selecție și promovare a elitei intelectuale |volume=I |publisher=Editura Limes |location=Cluj-Napoca |year=2007 |pages=95, 428, 479}}{{Cite book |last=Weber |first=Eugen |author-link=Eugen Weber |editor-last1=Rogger |editor-first1=Hans |editor-last2=Weber |editor-first2=Eugen |title=The European Right: A Historical Profile |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley & Los Angeles |year=1966 |pages=510–511 |chapter=Romania |oclc=192820}}</ref>
*[[April 10]]–[[October 13]] – [[Maxim Gorky]] visits the United States with his mistress, the actress [[Maria Fyodorovna Andreyeva|Maria Andreyeva]], to raise funds for the [[Bolshevik]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maxim Gorky, Russian Author – Revolutionary, Visits the US |url=https://www.loc.gov/rr/news/topics/gorky.html |work=Topics in Chronicling America |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] Newspaper & Periodical Reading Room |location=Washington, D. C. |date=2013-02-11 |access-date=2013-03-28}}</ref> In the [[Adirondack Mountains]] he writes his novel of revolutionary conversion and struggle, ''[[The Mother (1906 novel)|The Mother]]'' ({{lang|ru|Мать}}, ''Mat'''). The couple then move to [[Capri]].
*April 18 – The [[1906 San Francisco earthquake]] destroys the unfinished premises of [[Stanford University Libraries|Stanford University Library]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Stanford University |title=New Building of the Stanford University Library and a History of the Library 1891–1919 |url=https://archive.org/details/newbuildingstan00librgoog |quote=stanford library |year=1919 |publisher=Stanford University}}</ref> Many of the city's leading poets and writers retreat to join the arts colony at [[Carmel-by-the-Sea, California]] known as The Barness.
*May–October – [[Jack London]]'s novel ''[[White Fang]]'' is serialized in the American magazine ''[[Outing (magazine)|Outing]]''.
*June – Virginia Stephen, the future [[Virginia Woolf]], writes her first work of fiction, a short story which becomes known as "Phyllis and Rosamond" when first published, posthumously.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Phyllis and Rosamond |url=http://www.mantex.co.uk/2013/03/22/phyllis-and-rosamond/ |publisher=Mantex |access-date=2016-02-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215034038/http://www.mantex.co.uk/2013/03/22/phyllis-and-rosamond/ |archive-date=2016-02-15 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
*[[July 11]] – The [[Murder of Grace Brown]] in [[Herkimer County, New York]] will inspire [[Theodore Dreiser]]'s novel ''[[An American Tragedy]]'' ([[1925 in literature|1925]]) and [[Jennifer Donnelly]]'s young-adult novel ''[[A Northern Light]]'' ([[2003 in literature|2003]]).
*Pre-September – The last full-scale court performance of [[gambuh]] dance-drama is held in [[Bali]].<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |url=http://www.answers.com/topic/gambuh |title=Gambuh |encyclopedia=Oxford Encyclopedia of Theatre and Performance |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2003 |access-date=2011-04-26}}</ref>
*[[September 1]] – [[Annie Carroll Moore]] begins work as Superintendent of the Department of Work with Children at the [[New York Public Library]].
*[[September 18]] – [[August Strindberg]]'s [[Naturalism (theatre)|naturalist]] drama ''[[Miss Julie]] (Fröken Julie)'', written in [[1888 in literature|1888]], is first performed on the [[Sweden|Swedish]] professional stage, on tour in [[Lund]], directed by August Falck, with Manda Bjorling in the title rôle and [[:sv:August Palme|August Palme]] as Jean. It is first staged in [[Stockholm]] on December 13 at the ''[[Folkan]]'' (People's Theatre).
*[[November 8]] – [[Max Reinhardt]] inaugurates the ''Kammerspiele'' series of new plays at the [[Deutsches Theater (Berlin)|Deutsches Theater]] in [[Berlin]], with a production of ''[[Ghosts (play)|Ghosts]]'' by [[Henrik Ibsen]], designed by [[Edvard Munch]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=1906, Kammerspiele, ''Ghosts'' |work=Global Performing Arts Database |url=http://www.glopad.org/pi/en/record/production/805 |date=1998–2006 |access-date=2013-10-23}}</ref>
*[[November 20]] – [[Frank Wedekind]]'s play ''[[Spring Awakening (play)|Spring Awakening: A Children's Tragedy]] (Frühlings Erwachen)'', completed [[1901 in literature|1901]], receives its first staging, as the second work presented in the Deutsches Theater's ''Kammerspiele'' series in Berlin, directed by Max Reinhardt.
*[[December 24]] – [[Reginald Fessenden]] transmits the first [[radio]] program, a poetry reading, a violin solo, and a speech, from [[Ocean Bluff-Brant Rock, Massachusetts|Brant Rock, Massachusetts]].
*''unknown dates''
**[[Livraria Lello & Irmão]] opens a new bookstore in [[Porto]] (Portugal).
**The magazine ''Eesti Kirjandus'' (Estonian Literature) is founded in the [[Governorate of Estonia]], as part of the [[Estonian national awakening]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=E. Annus|author2=Tiina Loogväli|author3=Eesti Akadeemiline Raamatukogu|title=Eestikeelne ajakirjandus: A-N|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qgUbAQAAIAAJ|year=2002|publisher=Eesti Akadeemiline Raamatukogu|page=109}}</ref>
**Japanese literary scholar [[Tsubouchi Shōyō]] founds the Bungei Kyokai (Literary Arts Movement) at [[Waseda University]], promoting the development of [[Shingeki]] drama.
==New books==
<!-- (''Title of published book translation''), ("Title of published poem/story translation"), (Literal translation of title) -->
===Fiction===
*[[Pio Baroja]] – ''Paradox, rey'' (King Paradox)
*[[Rex Beach]] – ''[[The Spoilers (Beach novel)|The Spoilers]]''
* [[Godfrey Benson, 1st Baron Charnwood|Godfrey Benson]] – ''[[Tracks in the Snow (novel)|Tracks in the Snow]]''
* [[Marjorie Bowen]] – ''[[The Viper of Milan]]''
*[[Hall Caine]] – ''Drink: A Love Story on a Great Question''
*[[Paul Carus]] – ''[[Amitabha]]''
*[[Mary Cholmondeley]] – ''Prisoners''
*[[William De Morgan]] – ''[[Joseph Vance: An Ill-written Autobiography|Joseph Vance]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |first=Bram |last=Stoker |author-link=Bram Stoker |date=June 1908 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=naaZD2r_coMC&pg=PA10337 |title=Mr. De Morgan's Habits of Work |journal=[[The World's Work]] |volume=XVI |pages=10337–10342 |access-date=2009-07-10}}</ref>
*[[Arthur Conan Doyle]] – ''[[Sir Nigel]]''
*[[Douglas Morey Ford]] – ''A Time of Terror: The Story of a Great Revenge (A.D. 1910)''
*[[Ford Madox Ford]] – ''The Fifth Queen''
*[[Zona Gale]] – ''Romance Island''
*[[John Galsworthy]] – ''[[The Man of Property]]''
*[[Karl Adolph Gjellerup]] – ''Der Pilger Kamanita: Ein Legendenroman'' (''Pilgrimen Kamanita'', The Pilgrim Kamanita)
*[[Ellen Glasgow]] – ''[[The Wheel of Life]]''
*[[Elinor Glyn]] – ''[[Beyond the Rocks]]''
*[[Remy de Gourmont]] – ''Une Nuit au Luxembourg'' (A Night in the Luxembourg)
*[[O. Henry]] – ''[[The Four Million]]''
*[[Hermann Hesse]] – ''[[Beneath the Wheel]] (Unterm Rad)''
* [[Robert Hichens (writer)|Robert Hichens]] – ''[[The Call of the Blood (novel)|The Call of the Blood]]''
*[[Mikhail Kuzmin]] – ''[[Wings (Kuzmin novel)|Wings]]'' («Крылья»)
*[[William John Locke]] – ''[[The Beloved Vagabond (novel)|The Beloved Vagabond]]''<ref>{{Cite book |first=John |last=Sutherland |author-link=John Sutherland (author)
|title=Bestsellers: a very short introduction |url=https://archive.org/details/bestsellersverys00suth |url-access=limited |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-19-921489-1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/bestsellersverys00suth/page/n101 87]–8}}</ref>
*[[Arthur Machen]] – ''The House of Souls''
*[[George Moore (novelist)|George Moore]] – ''My Dead Life''
*[[Robert Musil]] – ''[[The Confusions of Young Törless]] (Die Verwirrungen des Zöglings Törless)''
*[[Natsume Sōseki]] (夏目 漱石)
**''[[Botchan]]'' (坊っちゃん)<ref>{{Cite book |author=Natsume Natsume Soseki |title=Botchan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=R8k5MQAACAAJ |date=7 December 2016 |publisher=CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform |isbn=978-1-5408-6651-6}}</ref>
**''[[Kusamakura (novel)|Kusamakura]]'' (草枕, Grass Pillow)
**''[[The Heredity of Taste|Shumi no Iden]]'' (趣味の遺伝, The Heredity of Taste)
* [[E. Phillips Oppenheim]] – ''[[A Lost Leader (novel)|A Lost Leader]]''
*[[Baroness Orczy]]
**''[[I Will Repay (novel)|I Will Repay]]''
**''[[A Son of the People]]''
*[[David M. Parry]] – ''[[The Scarlet Empire]]''
* [[Rafael Sabatini]] – ''[[Bardelys the Magnificent (novel)|Bardelys the Magnificent]]''
*[[Felix Salten]] (attributed) – ''[[Josephine Mutzenbacher]]''
*[[Upton Sinclair]] – ''[[The Jungle]]''
*[[Rabindranath Tagore]] – ''Naukadubi'' (The Wreck)
*[[Mary Augusta Ward]] – ''Fenwick's Career''
*[[H. G. Wells]] – ''[[In the Days of the Comet]]''
*[[Owen Wister]] – ''Lady Baltimore''
*[[P. G. Wodehouse]] – ''[[Love Among the Chickens]]''
===Children and young people===
*[[L. Frank Baum]]
**''[[John Dough and the Cherub]]''
**''[[Annabel (Baum novel)|Annabel]]'' (as Suzanne Metcalf)
**''[[Aunt Jane's Nieces]]'' (as Edith Van Dyne)
**''[[Daughters of Destiny (novel)|Daughters of Destiny]]'' (as Schuyler Staunton)
**''[[Sam Steele's Adventures on Land and Sea]]'' (as Capt. Hugh Fitzgerald)
**''[[The Twinkle Tales]]'' (as Laura Bancroft)
*[[Angela Brazil]] – ''The Fortunes of Philippa''
*[[Frances Hodgson Burnett]]
**''[[Queen Silver-Bell]]''
**''Racketty-Packetty House''
*[[Norman Duncan]] – ''The Adventures of Billy Topsail''<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hahn |first1=Daniel |title=The Oxford Companion to Children's Literature |date=2015 |publisher=Oxford. University Press |isbn=9780198715542 |page=4 |edition=2nd}}</ref>
*[[Rudyard Kipling]] – ''[[Puck of Pook's Hill]]''
*[[Selma Lagerlöf]] – ''[[The Wonderful Adventures of Nils]] (Nils Holgerssons underbara resa genom Sverige)''
*[[Jack London]] – ''[[White Fang]]''
*[[Ferenc Molnár]] – ''A Pál utcai fiúk ([[The Paul Street Boys]])''
*[[Ferenc Móra]] – ''Öreg diófák alatt'' (Beneath Old Walnut Trees)
*[[Edith Nesbit]]
**''[[The Railway Children]]'' (book publication)
**''[[The Story of the Amulet]]''
*[[Beatrix Potter]]
**''[[The Tale of Mr. Jeremy Fisher]]''
**''[[The Story of a Fierce Bad Rabbit]]''
**''[[The Story of Miss Moppet]]''
*[[Carolyn Wells]] – ''Patty's Summer Days''
===Drama===
<onlyinclude>
*[[Hall Caine]] – ''[[The Bondman (novel)|The Bondman Play]]''
* [[Benjamin Chapin]] – ''[[Lincoln (play)|Lincoln]]''
*[[Paul Claudel]] – ''[[:fr:Partage de midi|Partage de midi]]'' (The Break of Midnight, published)
*[[Owen Davis]] – ''[[Nellie, the Beautiful Cloak Model]]''
*[[John Galsworthy]] – ''[[The Silver Box]]''
*[[Paul Gavault]] and [[Robert Charvay]] – ''[[Mademoiselle Josette, My Woman (play)|Mademoiselle Josette, My Woman]]''
*[[Maxim Gorky]] – ''[[Barbarians (play)|Barbarians]]''
*[[Harley Granville-Barker]] – ''[[Waste (play)|Waste]]'' (refused public performance licence in UK)
*[[Sacha Guitry]] – ''Chez les Zoaques''
*[[Winifred Mary Letts]] – ''The Eyes of the Blind''
*[[George Barr McCutcheon]] – ''[[Brewster's Millions (play)|Brewster's Millions]]'' (adaptation)
*[[Emma Orczy]] (Baroness Orczy) – ''The Sin of William Jackson''</onlyinclude>
*[[Anthony E. Wills]] – ''Blundering Billy''<ref>{{cite book|title=Blundering Billy: A Farcical Comedy in Three Acts|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=awhKAQAAMAAJ|first=Anthony E.|last=Wills|year= 1906|publisher=[[Dramatic Publishing Company]]}}</ref>
===Poetry===
{{Main|1906 in poetry}}
*[[Mikhail Kuzmin]] – ''Alexandrian Songs''
===Non-fiction===
*[[John Dalberg-Acton, 1st Baron Acton|Lord Acton]] (died 1902) – ''Lectures on Modern History''
*[[Henry Brooks Adams|Henry Adams]] – ''[[The Education of Henry Adams]]''
*[[Hall Caine]] – ''My Story''
*[[Joseph Conrad]] – ''The Mirror of the Sea: Memories and Impressions''
*[[Percy Dearmer]] and [[Ralph Vaughan Williams]] (eds) – ''The [[English Hymnal]]''
*[[Henry Watson Fowler]] and [[Francis George Fowler]] – ''[[The King's English]]''
*[[Okakura Kakuzō]] – ''[[The Book of Tea]]'' (in English)
*[[Robert Sherard]] – ''The Life of Oscar Wilde''
*[[Mark Twain]] – ''[[What Is Man? (Twain essay)|What Is Man?]]''
*[[Helen Zimmern]] – ''The Italy of the Italians''
==Births==
*[[January 6]] – [[Eberhard Wolfgang Möller]], German playwright and poet (died [[1972 in literature|1972]])
*[[January 9]] – [[Barbara Sleigh]], English children's writer (died [[1982 in literature|1982]])
*[[January 19]] – [[Robin Hyde]] (Iris Guiver Wilkinson), New Zealand poet and novelist (suicide [[1939 in literature|1939]])
*[[January 22]] – [[Robert E. Howard]], American fantasy author (suicide [[1936 in literature|1936]])
*[[January 23]] – [[Anya Seton]], American romantic author (died [[1990 in literature|1990]])
*[[February 8]] – [[Henry Roth]], American novelist and short story writer (died [[1995 in literature|1995]])
*[[February 13]] – [[Máirtín Ó Cadhain]], Irish language writer (died [[1970 in literature|1970]])
*[[March 25]] – [[A. J. P. Taylor]], English historian (died [[1990 in literature|1990]])
*[[April 13]] – [[Samuel Beckett]], Irish writer [[Nobel Prize in Literature]] winner (died [[1989 in literature|1989]])
*[[May 8]] – [[Esther Hoffe]], Israeli mistress of [[Max Brod]] (died [[2007 in literature|2007]])
*[[May 9]] – [[Eleanor Estes]], American librarian, author and illustrator (died [[1988 in literature|1988]])
*[[May 21]] – [[Profira Sadoveanu]], Romanian journalist, memoirist, biographer, editor and translator (died [[2003 in literature|2003]])
*[[May 22]] – [[Lesbia Soravilla]], Cuban writer (died [[1989 in literature|1989]])
*[[June 23]] – [[Wolfgang Koeppen]], German novelist (died [[1996 in literature|1996]])
*[[June 27]]
** [[Catherine Cookson]], English popular novelist (died [[1998 in literature|1998]])
** [[Vernon Watkins]], Welsh poet (died [[1967 in literature|1967]])
*[[July 4]] – [[Margaret Douglas-Home]], English writer and musician (died [[1996 in literature|1996]])
*[[July 18]] – [[Clifford Odets]], American dramatist (died [[1963 in literature|1963]])
*[[August 28]] – [[John Betjeman]], English poet laureate (died [[1984 in literature|1984]])
*[[August 30]] – [[Elizabeth Longford]], English biographer (died [[2002 in literature|2002]])
*[[September 1]] – [[Eleanor Hibbert]], English romantic novelist under several pseudonyms (died [[1993 in literature|1993]])
*[[September 25]] – [[Franklin Garrett]], American local historian (died [[2000 in literature|2000]])
*[[September 27]] – [[William Empson]], English poet and literary critic (died [[1984 in literature|1984]])
*[[30 September]] – [[J. I. M. Stewart]], Scottish-born novelist and academic critic (died [[1994 in literature|1994]])
*[[October 10]] – [[R. K. Narayan]], Indian novelist writing in English (died [[2001 in literature|2001]])
*[[October 16]] – [[Dino Buzzati]], Italian author (died [[1972 in literature|1972]])
*[[October 14]] – [[Hannah Arendt]], German-American intellectual (died [[1975 in literature|1975]])
*[[November 12]] – [[George Dillon (poet)|George Dillon]], American editor and poet (died [[1968 in literature|1968]])
*[[November 13]] – [[John Hanbury Angus Sparrow|John Sparrow]], English literary scholar (died [[1992 in literature|1992]])
*[[November 18]] – [[Klaus Mann]], German-born novelist (died [[1949 in literature|1949]])
*[[November 29]] – [[Barbara C. Freeman]], English writer and poet (died [[1999 in literature|1999]])<ref>{{cite book|last=Campbell|first=Margaret|chapter=Freeman, Barbara C(onstance)|editor-first=D.L.|editor-last=Kirkpatrick|title=Twentieth-century Children's Writers|location=London|publisher=Macmillan|year=1978|isbn=978-0-33323-414-3|page=472}}</ref>
*[[November 30]] – [[John Dickson Carr]], American detective fiction writer (died [[1977 in literature|1977]])
*[[December 8]] – [[Richard Llewellyn]], British novelist (died [[1983 in literature|1983]])
==Deaths==
*[[February 9]] – [[Paul Laurence Dunbar]], American poet, novelist and playwright (born [[1872 in literature|1872]])
*[[March 1]] – [[Lettie S. Bigelow]], American poet and author (born [[1849 in literature|1849]])
*[[March 2]] – [[Ellen Mary Clerke]], English novelist, poet and writer on astronomy (born [[1840 in literature|1840]])
*[[March 20]]
**[[Vasile Pogor]], Moldavian/Romanian poet, scholar and politician (born [[1833 in literature|1833]])
**[[Adeline Dutton Train Whitney|A. D. T. Whitney]], American poet and girls' writer (born [[1824 in literature|1824]])
*[[April 6]] – [[Alexander Kielland]], Norwegian novelist (born [[1849 in literature|1849]])
*[[April 11]] – [[Francis Pharcellus Church]], American editor and publisher (born [[1839 in literature|1839]])
*[[April 14]] – [[Nora Chesson]], English poet (born [[1871 in literature|1871]])
*[[May 5]] – [[Eliza Brightwen]], Scottish naturalist (born [[1830 in literature|1830]])
*[[May 23]] – [[Henrik Ibsen]], Norwegian playwright (born [[1828 in literature|1828]])
*[[June 29]] – [[Albert Sorel]], French historian (born [[1842 in literature|1842]])
*[[June 30]] – [[Jean Lorrain]], French Symbolist poet (born [[1855 in literature|1855]])
*[[August 17]] – [[Elizabeth Missing Sewell]], English novelist and educationist (born [[1815 in literature|1815]])
*[[August 19]] – [[Agnes Catherine Maitland]], English academic, novelist and cookery writer (born [[1850 in literature|1850]])
*[[September 10]] – [[Rose Porter]], American religious novelist (born [[1845 in literature|1845]])
*[[September 24]] – [[Charlotte Riddell]], Anglo-Irish novelist and editor (born [[1832 in literature|1832]])
*[[October 9]] – [[Wilhelmina FitzClarence, Countess of Munster]], English novelist (born [[1830 in literature|1830]])
*[[December 6]] – [[Anne Ross Cousin]], English poet (born [[1824 in literature|1824]])
==Awards==
*[[Nobel Prize for Literature]]: [[Giosuè Carducci]]
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{Year in literature article categories}}
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# 1643 in England
Events from the year 1643 in England. This is the second year of the First English Civil War, fought between Roundheads (Parliamentarians) and Cavaliers (Royalist supporters of King Charles I).
## Incumbents
- Monarch – Charles I
## Events
- 19 January – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the Battle of Braddock Down secures dominance in Cornwall.
- 23 January – First English Civil War: Leeds falls to Parliamentary forces.[1]
- 13 March – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the First Battle of Middlewich in Cheshire.
- 18 March – Irish Confederate Wars: Battle of New Ross in Ireland – English troops defeat those of Confederate Ireland.[2]
- 19 March – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the Battle of Hopton Heath in Staffordshire, but the Royalist commander, the Earl of Northampton, is killed.[2]
- 25 April – First English Civil War:
- Reading falls to Parliament after the Siege of Reading.[2]
- Despite being vastly outnumbered, a Parliamentarian force under James Chudleigh defeats a Royalist army near Okehampton in Devon, at the Battle of Sourton Down.
- 8 May – First English Civil War: The first siege of Wardour Castle in Wiltshire ends after 6 days with the surrender of the Royalist garrison under Lady Blanche Arundell.
- 13 May – First English Civil War: Parliamentary forces led by Oliver Cromwell defeat Royalist forces at Grantham.[1]
- 16 May – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the Battle of Stratton confirms dominance in Cornwall and Devon.
- 21 May – First English Civil War: Capture of Wakefield by an outnumbered force of Parliamentarians from the Royalist defenders.[3]
- 14 June – Licensing Order of 1643 passed by Parliament to censor newspapers.[2]
- 18 June – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the Battle of Chalgrove Field in Oxfordshire.[2]
- 30 June – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the Battle of Adwalton Moor gives control of Yorkshire.[2]
- 1 July – the Westminster Assembly of theologians ("divines") and parliamentarians is convened at Westminster Abbey with the aim of restructuring the Church of England.
- 5 July – First English Civil War: pyrrhic Royalist victory at the Battle of Lansdowne near Bath, Somerset.[2]
- 13 July – First English Civil War: Royalist cavalry led by Henry Wilmot, newly created Baron Wilmot, win a crushing victory at the Battle of Roundway Down near Devizes over Parliamentarians led by Sir William Waller.[2]
- 26 July – First English Civil War: Royalists capture Bristol.[4]
- 28 July – First English Civil War: Parliamentary victory at the Battle of Gainsborough.[2]
- 18 August – Parliament passes "An Ordinance for Explanation of a former Ordinance for Sequestration of Delinquents Estates with some Enlargements", including an "Oath of Abjuration" of the Pope.
- c. 26 August – Parliament passes an ordinance for the cleansing of churches from altars and other monuments of "superstition" or "idolatry".[5]
- 20 September – First English Civil War: strategic Parliamentary victory at the First Battle of Newbury over Royalist forces led personally by the king.[1]
- 25 September – the Solemn League and Covenant is signed between the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland.[1]
- 11 October – First English Civil War: Parliamentary victory at the Battle of Winceby in Lincolnshire.[2]
- 13 December – First English Civil War: Parliamentary victory at the Battle of Alton in Hampshire.[2]
- 25 December – Christmas Island is sighted and named by Captain William Mynors of the English East India Company's ship Royal Mary.[6]
- 27 December – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the Second Battle of Middlewich.[2]
## Publications
- Cromwell's Soldiers' Pocket Bible.
- Dr Thomas Browne's spiritual testament Religio Medici ("true and full coppy").
## Births
- 4 January (N.S.) – Isaac Newton, mathematician and physicist (died 1727)
- 16 February – John Sharp, Archbishop of York (died 1714)
- 1 November – John Strype, historian and biographer (died 1737)
## Deaths
- 14 January – John Bois, Bible translator (born 1560)
- 2 March – Robert Greville, 2nd Baron Brooke, Parliamentary General, killed by sniper (born 1608)
- 19 March – Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton, soldier and politician, killed in action (born 1601)
- 24 June – John Hampden, parliamentarian, died of wounds (born c. 1595)
- 5 July – Bevil Grenville, soldier (born 1595)
- 25 July – Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull, statesman (born 1584)
- 20 August – Anne Hutchinson, Puritan preacher (born 1591)
- 20 September, at the First Battle of Newbury:
- Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland, politician, soldier and author (born c. 1610)
- Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon (born 1610)
- Henry Spencer, 1st Earl of Sunderland (born 1620)
- 3 November – John Bainbridge, astronomer (born 1583)
- 29 November – William Cartwright, dramatist (born 1611)
- 8 December – John Pym, statesman (born 1583)
- approx. date – Henry Glapthorne, dramatist (born 1610)
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{{Year in England|1643}}
Events from the year '''[[1643]] in [[Kingdom of England|England]]'''. This is the second year of the [[First English Civil War]], fought between [[Roundhead]]s ([[Long Parliament|Parliamentarian]]s) and [[Cavalier]]s ([[Royalist]] supporters of [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]]).
==Incumbents==
* [[English monarch|Monarch]] – [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]
==Events==
* 19 January – [[First English Civil War]]: Royalist victory at the [[Battle of Braddock Down]] secures dominance in Cornwall.
* 23 January – First English Civil War: [[Leeds]] falls to Parliamentary forces.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/259 259–260]}}</ref>
* 13 March – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the [[First Battle of Middlewich]] in Cheshire.
* 18 March – [[Irish Confederate Wars]]: [[Battle of New Ross (1643)|Battle of New Ross]] in [[Ireland]] – English troops defeat those of [[Confederate Ireland]].<ref name="British Civil Wars">{{cite web|url=http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/timelines/1643.htm|title=Timeline 1643 – British Civil Wars|access-date=2007-07-04|archive-date=2007-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930031503/http://www.british-civil-wars.co.uk/timelines/1643.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* 19 March – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the [[Battle of Hopton Heath]] in Staffordshire, but the Royalist commander, the [[Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton|Earl of Northampton]], is killed.<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
* 25 April – First English Civil War:
** [[Reading, Berkshire|Reading]] falls to Parliament after the [[Siege of Reading]].<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
** Despite being vastly outnumbered, a Parliamentarian force under [[James Chudleigh]] defeats a Royalist army near [[Okehampton]] in Devon, at the [[Battle of Sourton Down]].
* 8 May – First English Civil War: The first [[siege of Wardour Castle]] in Wiltshire ends after 6 days with the surrender of the Royalist garrison under [[Lady Blanche Arundell]].
* 13 May – First English Civil War: Parliamentary forces led by [[Oliver Cromwell]] defeat Royalist forces at [[Grantham]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
* 16 May – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the [[Battle of Stratton]] confirms dominance in Cornwall and Devon.
* 21 May – First English Civil War: [[Capture of Wakefield]] by an outnumbered force of Parliamentarians from the Royalist defenders.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pPihAgAAQBAJ|title=George Goring (1608–1657): Caroline Courtier and Royalist General|last=Memegalos|first=Florene S.|year=2007|publisher=Ashgate Publishing|location=Aldershot|isbn=978-0-7546-5299-1}}</ref>
* 14 June – [[Licensing Order of 1643]] passed by Parliament to censor newspapers.<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
* 18 June – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the [[Battle of Chalgrove Field]] in Oxfordshire.<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
* 30 June – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the [[Battle of Adwalton Moor]] gives control of Yorkshire.<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
* 1 July – the [[Westminster Assembly]] of theologians ("divines") and parliamentarians is convened at [[Westminster Abbey]] with the aim of restructuring the [[Church of England]].
* 5 July – First English Civil War: pyrrhic Royalist victory at the [[Battle of Lansdowne]] near [[Bath, Somerset]].<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
* 13 July – First English Civil War: Royalist cavalry led by [[Henry Wilmot, 1st Earl of Rochester|Henry Wilmot]], newly created Baron Wilmot, win a crushing victory at the [[Battle of Roundway Down]] near [[Devizes]] over Parliamentarians led by Sir [[William Waller]].<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
* 26 July – First English Civil War: Royalists capture [[Bristol]].<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer|first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=179–181|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref>
* 28 July – First English Civil War: Parliamentary victory at the [[Battle of Gainsborough]].<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
* 18 August – Parliament passes "An Ordinance for Explanation of a former Ordinance for Sequestration of Delinquents Estates with some Enlargements", including an "Oath of [[Abjuration]]" of the [[Pope]].
* c. 26 August – Parliament passes an ordinance for the cleansing of churches from altars and other monuments of "superstition" or "idolatry".<ref>{{cite book|first=Nigel|last=Cawthorne|authorlink=Nigel Cawthorne|title=The Strange Laws of Old England |location=London |publisher=Piatkus |year=2004 |isbn=0-7499-5036-6}}</ref>
* 20 September – First English Civil War: strategic Parliamentary victory at the [[First Battle of Newbury]] over Royalist forces led personally by the king.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
* 25 September – the [[Solemn League and Covenant]] is signed between the [[Parliament of England]] and the [[Parliament of Scotland]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
* 11 October – First English Civil War: Parliamentary victory at the [[Battle of Winceby]] in Lincolnshire.<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
* 13 December – First English Civil War: Parliamentary victory at the [[Battle of Alton]] in Hampshire.<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
* 25 December – [[Christmas Island]] is sighted and named by Captain [[William Mynors]] of the English [[East India Company]]'s ship ''Royal Mary''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.environment.gov.au/parks/christmas/culture-history/island-history.html |title=Christmas Island history |publisher=Australian Government, Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities |access-date=2011-12-09 |date=2011-11-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304001240/http://www.environment.gov.au/parks/christmas/culture-history/island-history.html |archive-date=2012-03-04 }}</ref>
* 27 December – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the [[Second Battle of Middlewich]].<ref name="British Civil Wars"/>
==Publications==
* [[Cromwell's Soldiers' Pocket Bible|Cromwell's ''Soldiers' Pocket Bible'']].
* Dr [[Thomas Browne]]'s spiritual testament ''[[Religio Medici]]'' ("true and full coppy").
==Births==
* 4 January ([[Old Style and New Style dates|N.S.]]) – [[Isaac Newton]], mathematician and physicist (died 1727)
* 16 February – [[John Sharp (Archbishop of York)|John Sharp]], Archbishop of York (died 1714)
* 1 November – [[John Strype]], historian and biographer (died 1737)
==Deaths==
* 14 January – [[John Bois]], Bible translator (born 1560)
* 2 March – [[Robert Greville, 2nd Baron Brooke]], Parliamentary General, killed by sniper (born 1608)
* 19 March – [[Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton]], soldier and politician, killed in action (born 1601)
* 24 June – [[John Hampden]], parliamentarian, died of wounds (born c. 1595)
* 5 July – [[Bevil Grenville]], soldier (born 1595)
* 25 July – [[Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull]], statesman (born 1584)
* 20 August – [[Anne Hutchinson]], Puritan preacher (born 1591)
* 20 September, at the First Battle of Newbury:
** [[Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount Falkland]], politician, soldier and author (born c. 1610)
** [[Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon]] (born 1610)
** [[Henry Spencer, 1st Earl of Sunderland]] (born 1620)
* 3 November – [[John Bainbridge (astronomer)|John Bainbridge]], astronomer (born 1583)
* 29 November – [[William Cartwright (dramatist)|William Cartwright]], dramatist (born 1611)
* 8 December – [[John Pym]], statesman (born 1583)
* ''approx. date'' – [[Henry Glapthorne]], dramatist (born 1610)
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{England year nav}}
{{Year in Europe|1643}}
[[Category:1643 in England| ]]
[[Category:Years of the 17th century in England]]
| 1,220,685,344 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1642 - 1641 - 1640": "1643 \u00b7 in \u00b7 England \u00b7 \u2192 - 1644 - 1645 - 1646", "Centuries": "15th 16th 17th 18th 19th", "Decades": "1620s 1630s 1640s 1650s 1660s", "See also": "Other events of 1643"}}]
| false |
# 18th Infantry Brigade (United Kingdom)
The 18th Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army that saw active service during the First and the Second World Wars.
## History
### First World War
The 18th Brigade was formed from a mixture of regular and New Army battalions, and was part of the 6th Division. It saw action on the Western Front.
#### Order of battle
Components included:
- 1st Battalion, West Yorkshire Regiment
- 1st Battalion, East Yorkshire Regiment (until November 1915)
- 2nd Battalion, Durham Light Infantry
- 11th (Service) Battalion, Essex Regiment (from 71st Bde. October 1915)
- 2nd Battalion, Sherwood Foresters (to 71st Bde. October 1915)
- 14th (Service) Battalion, Durham Light Infantry (from November 1915, disbanded February 1918)
- 1/16th (County of London) Battalion, London Regiment (until February 1916)
- 18th Machine Gun Company, Machine Gun Corps (formed February 1916, moved to 6th Battalion, Machine Gun Corps 1 March 1918)
- 18th Trench Mortar Battery (formed 16 April 1916)
#### Commanders
The following commanded the 18th Infantry Brigade during the First World War:
- Brigadier-General W. N. Congreve (at mobilization)
- Brigadier-General H. S. Ainslie (29 May 1915)
- Lieutenant-Colonel F. W. Towsey (5 August 1915 - acting)
- Brigadier-General R. J. Bridgford (14 August 1915)
- Lieutenant-Colonel C. J. Hobkirk (19 April 1916 - acting)
- Brigadier-General W. K. McClintock (29 April 1916)
- Brigadier-General H. S. Tew (12 June 1916)
- Lieutenant-Colonel A. E. Irvine (16 August 1916 - acting)
- Brigadier-General R. J. Bridgford (19 August 1916)
- Brigadier-General G. S. G. Craufurd (14 September 1917)
### Second World War
The brigade was originally designated as Cairo Area and 18th Infantry Brigade but ceased to exist when in May 1940 it was absorbed by HQ Cairo Sub-Area. On 20 July 1943 the 18th Brigade was reformed again from the redesignation of the 7th Motor Brigade as the 18th Lorried Infantry Brigade. It was part of the 1st Armoured Division and fought in the Italian Campaign with many other different formations, such as the 1st Infantry Division, who they served with in the Battle of Anzio. It was disbanded in Italy on 1 January 1945 due to an acute manpower shortage throughout the British Army at the time with all available replacements being sent to the 21st Army Group in the North West Europe Campaign.
#### Order of battle
The original 18th Infantry Brigade was constituted as follows:
- 1st Battalion, Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment
- 2nd Battalion, Highland Light Infantry
- 1st Battalion, Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment)
- 2nd Battalion, Scots Guards
From 20 July 1943 the 18th Lorried Infantry Brigade was constituted as follows:
- 1st Battalion, Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment)
- 2nd Battalion, Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own)
- 9th Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry - formerly the Queen's Own Yorkshire Dragoons
- 14th Battalion, Sherwood Foresters
- 53rd (King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry) Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery – (organised as Infantry)
#### Commanders
Commanders included:
- Brigadier O.H. Tidbury
- Brigadier M.D. Erskine
- Brigadier A.D. McKechnie
## Bibliography
- Joslen, H. F. (2003) [1960]. Orders of Battle: Second World War, 1939–1945. Uckfield, East Sussex: Naval and Military Press. ISBN 978-1-84342-474-1.
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{{Short description|Infantry Brigade of the British Army during World War 1 and World War 2}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 18th Brigade<br>18th Infantry Brigade
|image=
|caption=
|dates=1914–1918<br>1939–1945
|allegiance=
|country={{flag|United Kingdom}}
|branch={{army|United Kingdom}}
|type= [[Infantry]]
|role=
|size=[[Brigade]]
|command_structure=[[6th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|6th Division]]<br>[[1st Armoured Division (United Kingdom)|1st Armoured Division]]<br>[[History of the British 1st Division during the World Wars|1st Infantry Division]]
|current_commander=
|garrison=
|ceremonial_chief=
|colonel_of_the_regiment=
|nickname=
|patron=
|motto=
|colors=
|identification_symbol=
|march=
|mascot=
|battles=[[World War I|First World War]]<br>[[World War II|Second World War]]
|notable_commanders=[[Walter Congreve|Sir Walter Congreve]]
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
|battle_honours=
}}
The '''18th Infantry Brigade''' was an [[infantry]] [[brigade]] of the [[British Army]] that saw active service during the [[World War I|First]] and the [[World War II|Second World Wars]].
==History==
===First World War===
The '''18th Brigade''' was formed from a mixture of regular and [[Kitchener's Army|New Army]] battalions, and was part of the [[6th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)|6th Division]].<ref name=trail>{{cite web|url=http://www.1914-1918.net/6div.htm|title=The 6th Division in 1914-1918|publisher=The Long, Long Trail|accessdate=22 August 2015}}</ref> It saw action on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]].<ref name=trail/>
====Order of battle====
Components included:<ref name=trail/>
* 1st Battalion, [[West Yorkshire Regiment]]
* 1st Battalion, [[East Yorkshire Regiment]] ''(until November 1915)''
* 2nd Battalion, [[Durham Light Infantry]]
* 11th (Service) Battalion, [[Essex Regiment]] ''(from 71st Bde. October 1915)''
* 2nd Battalion, [[Sherwood Foresters]] ''(to 71st Bde. October 1915)''
* 14th (Service) Battalion, [[Durham Light Infantry]] ''(from November 1915, disbanded February 1918)''
* 1/16th (County of London) Battalion, [[London Regiment (1908–1938)|London Regiment]] ''(until February 1916)''
* 18th Machine Gun Company, [[Machine Gun Corps]] ''(formed February 1916, moved to 6th Battalion, Machine Gun Corps 1 March 1918)''
* 18th Trench Mortar Battery ''(formed 16 April 1916)''
====Commanders====
The following commanded the 18th Infantry Brigade during the First World War:<ref name="Becke">{{cite book |last=Becke |first=Major A. F. |year=1935 |title=Order of Battle of Divisions Part 1. The Regular British Divisions |publisher=[[HMSO]] |location=London |isbn=1-871167-09-4|page=74}}</ref>
*Brigadier-General [[Walter Congreve|W. N. Congreve]] (at mobilization)
*Brigadier-General H. S. Ainslie (29 May 1915)
*Lieutenant-Colonel F. W. Towsey (5 August 1915 - acting)
*Brigadier-General R. J. Bridgford (14 August 1915)
*Lieutenant-Colonel C. J. Hobkirk (19 April 1916 - acting)
*Brigadier-General W. K. McClintock (29 April 1916)
*Brigadier-General H. S. Tew (12 June 1916)
*Lieutenant-Colonel A. E. Irvine (16 August 1916 - acting)
*Brigadier-General R. J. Bridgford (19 August 1916)
*Brigadier-General G. S. G. Craufurd (14 September 1917)
===Second World War===
The brigade was originally designated as Cairo Area and 18th Infantry Brigade but ceased to exist when in May 1940 it was absorbed by HQ Cairo Sub-Area. On 20 July 1943 the 18th Brigade was reformed again from the redesignation of the '''7th Motor Brigade''' as the '''18th Lorried Infantry Brigade'''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cgsc.edu/CARL/nafziger/939BXIE.pdf|title=British Infantry Brigades 1st thru 215th 1939-1945|accessdate=22 August 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231709/http://www.cgsc.edu/CARL/nafziger/939BXIE.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> It was part of the [[1st Armoured Division (United Kingdom)|1st Armoured Division]] and fought in the [[Italian Campaign (World War II)|Italian Campaign]] with many other different formations, such as the [[History of the British 1st Division during the World Wars|1st Infantry Division]], who they served with in the [[Battle of Anzio]]. It was disbanded in [[Italy]] on 1 January 1945 due to an acute manpower shortage throughout the British Army at the time with all available replacements being sent to the [[21st Army Group]] in the [[North West Europe Campaign]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.desertrats.org.uk/orginfantry.htm|title=Regiments That Served With The 7th Armoured Division|publisher=Desert Rats|accessdate=22 August 2015}}</ref>
====Order of battle====
The original 18th Infantry Brigade was constituted as follows:{{sfn|Joslen|2003|p=261}}
* 1st Battalion, [[Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment]]
* 2nd Battalion, [[Highland Light Infantry]]
* 1st Battalion, [[Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment)]]
* 2nd Battalion, [[Scots Guards]]
From 20 July 1943 the 18th Lorried Infantry Brigade was constituted as follows:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/Units/UnitSubordinates?UniX=3673|title=Subordinates|publisher=Orders of Battle|accessdate=22 August 2015}}</ref>
* 1st Battalion, Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment)
* 2nd Battalion, [[Rifle Brigade (Prince Consort's Own)]]
* 9th Battalion, [[King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry]] - formerly the [[Queen's Own Yorkshire Dragoons]]
* 14th Battalion, [[Sherwood Foresters]]
* [[5th Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry|53rd (King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry) Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery]] ''– (organised as Infantry)''
====Commanders====
Commanders included:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ordersofbattle.com/Units/UnitAppointments?UniX=3673|title=Appointments|publisher=Orders of Battle|accessdate=22 August 2015}}</ref>
* Brigadier O.H. Tidbury
* Brigadier M.D. Erskine
* Brigadier A.D. McKechnie
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
==Bibliography==
* {{Joslen-OOB}}
{{British infantry brigades of the Second World War}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
[[Category:Infantry brigades of the British Army]]
[[Category:Infantry brigades of the British Army in World War I]]
[[Category:Infantry brigades of the British Army in World War II]]
{{UK-mil-unit-stub}}
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[{"title": "18th Brigade \u00b7 18th Infantry Brigade", "data": {"Active": "1914\u20131918 \u00b7 1939\u20131945", "Country": "United Kingdom", "Branch": "British Army", "Type": "Infantry", "Size": "Brigade", "Part of": "6th Division \u00b7 1st Armoured Division \u00b7 1st Infantry Division", "Engagements": "First World War \u00b7 Second World War"}}, {"title": "Commanders", "data": {"Notable \u00b7 commanders": "Sir Walter Congreve"}}]
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# 1907 in radio
The year 1907 in radio involved some significant events.
## Events
- 17 October – Guglielmo Marconi initiates commercial transatlantic radio communications between his high power longwave wireless telegraphy stations in Clifden, Ireland and Glace Bay, Nova Scotia.[1][2]
## Births
- 27 February – Kenneth Horne, English radio comedy performer (died 1969)
- 6 April – Richard Murdoch, English radio comedy actor (died 1990)
- 29 August – Lurene Tuttle, American radio actress (died 1986)
- 15 September – Jimmy Wallington, American radio personality (died 1972)
- 25 September – Raymond Glendenning, Welsh-born radio sports commentator (died 1974)
- 6 December – Helli Stehle, Swiss actress and radio presenter (died 2017)
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1907|radio|music|film}}
The year '''1907 in radio''' involved some significant events.
==Events==
* 17 October – [[Guglielmo Marconi]] initiates commercial transatlantic radio communications between his high power [[longwave]] wireless telegraphy stations in [[Clifden]], Ireland and [[Glace Bay]], Nova Scotia.<ref>{{cite journal|title=The Clifden Station of the Marconi Wireless Telegraph System|journal=[[Scientific American]]|date=1907-11-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://marconi100.ca/clip/marconi-sydpost19071024.html|title=Second Test of the Marconi Over-Ocean Wireless System Proved Entirely Successful|work=Sydney Daily Post|date=1907-10-24|access-date=2019-10-15|archive-date=2013-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019025942/http://marconi100.ca/clip/marconi-sydpost19071024.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Births==
* 27 February – [[Kenneth Horne]], English radio comedy performer (died [[1969 in British radio|1969]])
* 6 April – [[Richard Murdoch]], English radio comedy actor (died [[1990 in British radio|1990]])
* 29 August – [[Lurene Tuttle]], American radio actress (died [[1986 in radio|1986]])
* 15 September – [[Jimmy Wallington]], American radio personality (died [[1972 in radio|1972]])
* 25 September – [[Raymond Glendenning]], Welsh-born radio sports commentator (died [[1974 in British radio|1974]])
* 6 December – [[Helli Stehle]], Swiss actress and radio presenter (died [[2017 in radio|2017]])
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:1907 in radio| ]]
[[Category:Radio by year]]
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[]
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# 1688 in Denmark
Events from the year 1688 in Denmark.
## Incumbents
- Monarch – Christian V[1]
## Events
- 3 August – the Royal Pawn is created by royal ordinance.
## Births
- 31 October – Jacob Benzon, nobleman and Governor-general of Norway (died 1775)
## Deaths
- 1 June
- Peder Hansen Resen, historian (born 1625)
- Nicolai Esmit, Governor of the Danish West Indies
- 4 August – Sophie Amalie Lindenov, noblewoman and landowner (born 1649)
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{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Year in Denmark|1688}}
Events from the year '''[[1688]] in [[Denmark]]'''.
==Incumbents==
* Monarch – [[Christian V of Denmark|Christian V]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Christian V: Scandinavian king|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christian-V|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=18 November 2019|language=en}}</ref>
==Events==
* 3 August – the [[Royal Pawn (Denmark)|Royal Pawn]] is created by royal ordinance.
==Births==
* 31 October – [[Jacob Benzon]], nobleman and [[Governor-general of Norway]] (died [[1775 in Denmark|1775]])
==Deaths==
* 1 June
** [[Peder Hansen Resen]], historian (born [[1625 in Denmark|1625]])
** [[Nicolai Esmit]], [[List of governors of the Danish West Indies|Governor of the Danish West Indies]]
* 4 August – [[Sophie Amalie Lindenov]], noblewoman and landowner (born [[1649 in Denmark|1649]])
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Denmark year nav}}
{{Year in Europe|1688}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1688 in Denmark}}
[[Category:1688 in Denmark| ]]
[[Category:1688 by country|Denmark]]
[[Category:Years of the 17th century in Denmark]]
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[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1687 - 1686 - 1685": "1688 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Denmark \u00b7 \u2192 - 1689 - 1690 - 1691", "Decades": "1660s 1670s 1680s 1690s 1700s", "See also": "Other events of 1688 \u00b7 List of years in Denmark"}}]
| false |
# 1907 in baseball
The following are the baseball events of the year 1907 throughout the world.
## Champions
- World Series: Chicago Cubs over Detroit Tigers (4–0–1) [1]
## Statistical leaders
| | American League | American League | National League | National League |
| Stat | Player | Total | Player | Total |
| ---- | -------------------------------- | --------------- | ----------------------- | --------------- |
| AVG | Ty Cobb (DET) | .350 | Honus Wagner (PIT) | .350 |
| HR | Harry Davis (PHA) | 8 | Dave Brain (BSD) | 10 |
| RBI | Ty Cobb (DET) | 119 | Sherry Magee (PHI) | 85 |
| W | Addie Joss (CLE) Doc White (CWS) | 27 | Christy Mathewson (NYG) | 24 |
| ERA | Ed Walsh (CWS) | 1.60 | Jack Pfiester (CHC) | 1.15 |
| K | Rube Waddell (PHA) | 232 | Christy Mathewson (NYG) | 178 |
## Major league baseball final standings
### American League final standings
| \| Team \| W \| L \| Pct. \| GB \| Home \| Road \| \| ---------------------- \| -- \| --- \| ---- \| --- \| ---- \| ---- \| \| Detroit Tigers \| 92 \| 58 \| .613 \| — \| 50–27 \| 42–31 \| \| Philadelphia Athletics \| 88 \| 57 \| .607 \| 1½ \| 50–20 \| 38–37 \| \| Chicago White Sox \| 87 \| 64 \| .576 \| 5½ \| 48–29 \| 39–35 \| \| Cleveland Naps \| 85 \| 67 \| .559 \| 8 \| 46–31 \| 39–36 \| \| New York Highlanders \| 70 \| 78 \| .473 \| 21 \| 32–41 \| 38–37 \| \| St. Louis Browns \| 69 \| 83 \| .454 \| 24 \| 36–40 \| 33–43 \| \| Boston Americans \| 59 \| 90 \| .396 \| 32½ \| 34–41 \| 25–49 \| \| Washington Senators \| 49 \| 102 \| .325 \| 43½ \| 26–48 \| 23–54 \| | AmericansWhite SoxNapsTigersAthleticsBrownsHighlandersSenators Locations of teams for the 1904–1907 American League seasons · American League | | | | | |
| Team | W | L | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| Detroit Tigers | 92 | 58 | .613 | — | 50–27 | 42–31 |
| Philadelphia Athletics | 88 | 57 | .607 | 1½ | 50–20 | 38–37 |
| Chicago White Sox | 87 | 64 | .576 | 5½ | 48–29 | 39–35 |
| Cleveland Naps | 85 | 67 | .559 | 8 | 46–31 | 39–36 |
| New York Highlanders | 70 | 78 | .473 | 21 | 32–41 | 38–37 |
| St. Louis Browns | 69 | 83 | .454 | 24 | 36–40 | 33–43 |
| Boston Americans | 59 | 90 | .396 | 32½ | 34–41 | 25–49 |
| Washington Senators | 49 | 102 | .325 | 43½ | 26–48 | 23–54 |
### National League final standings
| \| Team \| W \| L \| Pct. \| GB \| Home \| Road \| \| --------------------- \| --- \| --- \| ---- \| --- \| ---- \| ---- \| \| Chicago Cubs \| 107 \| 45 \| .704 \| — \| 54–19 \| 53–26 \| \| Pittsburgh Pirates \| 91 \| 63 \| .591 \| 17 \| 47–29 \| 44–34 \| \| Philadelphia Phillies \| 83 \| 64 \| .565 \| 21½ \| 45–30 \| 38–34 \| \| New York Giants \| 82 \| 71 \| .536 \| 25½ \| 45–30 \| 37–41 \| \| Brooklyn Superbas \| 65 \| 83 \| .439 \| 40 \| 37–38 \| 28–45 \| \| Cincinnati Reds \| 66 \| 87 \| .431 \| 41½ \| 43–36 \| 23–51 \| \| Boston Doves \| 58 \| 90 \| .392 \| 47 \| 31–42 \| 27–48 \| \| St. Louis Cardinals \| 52 \| 101 \| .340 \| 55½ \| 31–47 \| 21–54 \| | DovesSuperbasCubsRedsGiantsPhilliesPiratesCardinals Locations of teams for the 1907–1908 National League seasons · National League | | | | | |
| Team | W | L | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| Chicago Cubs | 107 | 45 | .704 | — | 54–19 | 53–26 |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 91 | 63 | .591 | 17 | 47–29 | 44–34 |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 83 | 64 | .565 | 21½ | 45–30 | 38–34 |
| New York Giants | 82 | 71 | .536 | 25½ | 45–30 | 37–41 |
| Brooklyn Superbas | 65 | 83 | .439 | 40 | 37–38 | 28–45 |
| Cincinnati Reds | 66 | 87 | .431 | 41½ | 43–36 | 23–51 |
| Boston Doves | 58 | 90 | .392 | 47 | 31–42 | 27–48 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 52 | 101 | .340 | 55½ | 31–47 | 21–54 |
## Events
- February 27 – The New York Highlanders acquire catcher Branch Rickey from the St. Louis Browns in exchange for infielder Joe Yeager. As a condition, Rickey specifies that he will not play on Sundays. Fritz Buelow replaces him on the Browns as their new catcher.
- March 6 – John Rogers and A.J. Reach, owners of the Philadelphia Phillies, are formally acquitted in court from damages from the 1903 Baker Bowl incident. Suit had originally been filed against the owners after a balcony at the stadium collapsed. The collapse left 232 fans injured, and another 12 perished.
- April 11
- Boston's American League team plays its first game with the name Red Sox. They beat the Philadelphia Athletics, 8–4, at Columbia Park.
- On Opening Day, New York Giants catcher Roger Bresnahan wears shin guards for the first time in a major league game. The leg guards, usually used in cricket, come in handy, protecting Bresnahan from a fifth-inning foul tip. Other catchers will soon follow Bresnahan's lead and wear similar shin guards.
- April 26 – Boston Doves outfielder Johnny Bates hits for the cycle in a 4–2 Boston victory over the Brooklyn Superbas.
- May 8 – Big Jeff Pfeffer tosses a no-hitter as the Boston Doves defeat the Cincinnati Reds, 6–0.
- May 10 – The Chicago White Sox purchase the contract of First baseman Jake Stahl from the Washington Senators.
- May 21 – The Chicago Cubs defeat the New York Giants 3–0, knocking the Giants out of first place. Giants fans begin to riot and charge the field, anger focused on umpires Hank O'Day and Bob Emslie, who are surrounded and led to safety by players for the Cubs and Giants, while Pinkerton guards fire into the air to keep the crowd at bay.
- June 15 – Lave Cross is released by the Washington Senators.
- June 28 – The last-place Washington Senators steal a record 13 bases off catcher Branch Rickey in a 16–5 victory over New York Highlanders. Rickey, acquired last February from the St. Louis Browns, is pressed into service despite a bad shoulder because of an injury to starting pitcher Red Kleinow. Rickey's first throw to second base ends up in right field and the subsequent tosses are not much better. He almost nips Jim Delahanty on a steal of third base. In his eight innings, relief pitcher King Brockett helps Washington with a deliberate windup. Only pitcher Long Tom Hughes and second baseman Nig Perrine are steal-less, while Hal Chase swipes one for New York.
- August 2 – Walter Johnson made his major league debut with the Washington Senators and lost to the Detroit Tigers, 3–2. The first hit Johnson yielded was a bunt single by Ty Cobb.
- August 11 – In the second game of a doubleheader, shortened by agreement, Ed Karger of the St. Louis Cardinals pitched a seven-inning perfect game, beating the Boston Doves, 4–0.
- September 8 – Future hall of fame inductee Bill McKechnie makes his major league debut, getting one hit in four at bats. It was as a manager, that McKechnie would make his mark, winning four pennants and two World Series titles.
- September 20 – One week after recording a shutout in his major league debut, Pittsburgh Pirates pitcher Nick Maddox hurled a no-hitter against the Brooklyn Superbas in a 2–1 Pirates win. At the age of 20 years and ten months, Maddox becomes (and still is) the youngest pitcher to throw a no-hitter in major league history.
- September 25 – Honus Wagner steals four bases, including second base, third base and home plate in the second inning against the New York Giants. Not to be outdone, his teammate Fred Clarke also swipes four bases for the only time in his career.
- October 12 – In Game 5 of the World Series the Chicago Cubs would win their first World Championship by defeating the Detroit Tigers, 2–0. The Cubs would take the final four games of the series after Game 1 was declared a tie due to darkness with the score knotted at 3–3 in the 12th inning.
- November 5 – The New York Highlanders purchase the contract of infielder Hobe Ferris from the Boston Americans. Ferris' stay in New York is short as just hours later, he, along with infielder Jimmy Williams, and outfielder Danny Hoffman, are traded to the St. Louis Browns in exchange for Pitcher Fred Glade, outfielder Charlie Hemphill and Outfielder/infielder Harry Niles.
- November 7 – The Tigres del Licey club is founded in the Dominican Republic.
- November 16 – The baseball film How Brown Saw the Baseball Game is released in theatres.
## Births
### January
- January 2 – Ted Gullic
- January 2 – Red Kress
- January 14 – Chet Brewer
- January 16 – Buck Jordan
- January 20 – Bob Adams
- January 20 – Jesse Hill
- January 20 – Herm Holshouser
- January 22 – Ivey Shiver
- January 23 – Bobby Burke
- January 25 – Jimmy Adair
- January 25 – Roy Sherid
### February
- February 2 – Jerry Byrne
- February 7 – Bill Steinecke
- February 13 – Wayne LaMaster
- February 17 – Orlin Collier
- February 21 – Snipe Hansen
- February 22 – Dan Dugan
- February 22 – Marty Hopkins
- February 24 – Earl Grace
- February 24 – Bob Seeds
- February 26 – Cy Malis
- February 27 – Hilton Smith
### March
- March 2 – Jack Knott
- March 3 – Jim Tennant
- March 12 – Leroy Matlock
- March 15 – Lou Fette
- March 20 – Vern Kennedy
- March 22 – Johnny Scalzi
- March 24 – Gus Dugas
- March 28 – Walt Masters
### April
- April 2 – Luke Appling
- April 5 – John Goodell
- April 5 – Sugar Cain
- April 7 – Oral Hildebrand
- April 7 – Leo Schrall
- April 10 – Cliff Bolton
- April 17 – Bobby Stevens
- April 19 – Bill Ferrazzi
- April 22 – Tom Lanning
- April 23 – Dolph Camilli
- April 25 – Roy Parmelee
- April 30 – Jumbo Brown
### May
- May 4 – Milt Galatzer
- May 6 – Ivy Andrews
- May 9 – Ed Cihocki
- May 11 – Rip Sewell
- May 15 – Ed Baecht
- May 26 – Emil Roy
- May 28 – Marv Olson
- May 29 – Phil Gallivan
### June
- June 4 – George Washington
- June 6 – Bill Dickey
- June 13 – Gene Desautels
- June 22 – George Puccinelli
- June 23 – Dusty Cooke
- June 24 – Rollie Hemsley
- June 26 – Debs Garms
- June 28 – Joe Cascarella
### July
- July 5 – Bill Byrd
- July 7 – Harold Greiner
- July 10 – John Michaels
- July 12 – Bob Cooney
- July 16 – Reggie Grabowski
- July 17 – Hank Patterson
- July 25 – Bill Andrus
- July 25 – Joe Zapustas
- July 27 – Ed Carroll
### August
- August 4 – George Caster
- August 6 – Tom Hughes
- August 7 – Clarence Heise
- August 11 – Jim Galvin
- August 11 – Woody Jensen
- August 11 – Bobo Newsom
- August 11 – Gordon Rhodes
- August 13 – George Susce
- August 17 – Ed Durham
- August 20 – Beau Bell
- August 20 – Bill Crouch
- August 21 – Art Garibaldi
- August 21 – Wally Hebert
- August 21 – Cobe Jones
- August 24 – Beryl Richmond
- August 25 – Rufus Meadows
- August 28 – Paul Dixon
- August 29 – Pep Young
- August 31 – Ray Berres
- August 31 – Jack Burns
### September
- September 2 – Ben Sankey
- September 3 – Ralph Burgin
- September 7 – Bill McAfee
- September 8 – Buck Leonard
- September 12 – Ollie Bejma
- September 12 – Spud Chandler
- September 13 – John Campbell
- September 15 – Fritz Ostermueller
- September 17 – Charlie Bates
- September 27 – Josh Billings
- September 27 – Walter Murphy
- September 27 – Whit Wyatt
### October
- October 5 – Frank Doljack
- October 12 – Al Smith
- October 12 – Phil Weintraub
- October 16 – Bill Breckinridge
- October 22 – Provine Bradley
- October 22 – Jimmie Foxx
- October 23 – Lee Grissom
- October 24 – Grant Bowler
- October 28 – George Hennessey
- October 31 – Ray Treadaway
### November
- November 1 – Larry French
- November 6 – Earl Clark
- November 8 – Tony Cuccinello
- November 11 – Hank Erickson
- November 22 – Dick Bartell
- November 26 – Gowell Claset
- November 28 – Lynn King
### December
- December 8 – Bill Beckmann
- December 21 – Freddie Muller
- December 26 – Harry Taylor
## Deaths
### January–March
- January 10 – Bob Langsford, 41, shortstop for the 1899 Louisville Colonels
- January 16 – Jake Evans, 50, right fielder who played from 1879 through 1885 with four National League teams
- January 19 – William A. Nimick, 58, president of the Pittsburgh Alleghenys (1885–1890) and part-owner of the team
- March 12 – Pat Hynes, 23, outfielder for the St. Louis Browns/Cardinals from 1903 to 1904
- March 28 – Chick Stahl, 34, outfielder for Boston teams in the NL and AL, and manager of the Red Sox since August, who batted .305 lifetime; had three triples in 1903 World Series, and led AL in triples in 1904
- March 29 – Doug Crothers, 47, pitcher for the 1884 Kansas City Cowboys and 1885 New York Metropolitans
- March 29 – Cozy Dolan, 34, right fielder who hit .269 in 830 games for five teams from 1895 to 1906
### April–June
- April 16 – Bill Zies, 39, catcher for the 1891 St. Louis Browns
- April 21 – Nat Hicks, 62, catcher/manager in four seasons with the New York Mutuals
- April 22 – Jeremiah Reardon, 38, pitcher for the Cincinnati Red Stockings (1886) and St. Louis Maroons (1866)
- May 6 – Frank Selman, 55[?], utility player from 1871 through 1875 for five teams of the National Association
- May 7 – Sam Moffet, 50, outfielder/pitcher for the 1884 Cleveland Blues and 1888 Indianapolis Hoosiers
- June 10 – Tun Berger, 39, catcher for the Pittsburgh Alleghenys/Pirates (1890/1891) and Washington Senators (1892).
- June 12 – George Bryant, 50, second baseman for the 1885 Detroit Wolverines.
- June 17 – Frank McCarton, 52, outfielder for the 1872 Middletown Mansfields
- June 20 – Ezra Sutton, 56, third baseman for Boston who led the National League in hits in 1884, was fifth player to collect 1000 hits, and batted .300 three times in the National Association and four times in the National League
- June 24 – Billy Klusman, 42, second baseman for the 1888 Boston Beaneaters and 1890 St. Louis Browns
### July–September
- July 4 – Connie McGeehan, pitcher/left fielder for the 1903 Philadelphia Athletics
- July 22 – Pat Dillard, 34, OF/IF utility for the 1900 St. Louis Cardinals
- August 14 – Scott Hastings, 60, catcher/outfielder/manager for seven seasons from 1871 to 1877
- September 14 – Jack Wentz, 44, second baseman for the 1891 Louisville Colonels
- September 21 – Claude Gouzzie, 34, second baseman for the 1903 St. Louis Browns
- September 23 – Charlie Buffinton, 46, pitcher for Boston and Philadelphia teams who won 233 games, including 48 for the 1884 Boston Beaneaters
### October–December
- October 4 – Frank Leary, 26, pitcher for the 1907 Cincinnati Reds
- October 12 – Whitey Gibson, 39, catcher for the 1888 Philadelphia Athletics
- October 28 – Ted Kennedy, 42, pitcher for the Chicago White Stockings (1885) and Louisville Colonels (1886)
- November 26 – Eddie Burke, 41, outfielder for the Philadelphia Phillies, Pittsburgh Alleghenys, Milwaukee Brewers, Cincinnati Reds, and New York Giants from 1890 to 1895, who topped the National League in games played (135) and times hit by pitches (25) in 1893
- December 8 – Washington Fulmer, 67, outfielder for the 1875 Brooklyn Atlantics
- December 27 – Jim Andrews, 42, right fielder for the 1890 Chicago Colts.
- December 31 – Jocko Flynn, 43, pitcher/outfielder for the 1886 Chicago White Stockings
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1907 in baseball
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{{See also|1907 Major League Baseball season}}
{{More citations needed|date=November 2021}}{{Year in baseball top |
this year = 1907 |
}}
{{Year nav sports topic5|1907|baseball|sports}}
==Champions==
*[[1907 World Series|World Series]]: [[Chicago Cubs]] over [[Detroit Tigers]] (4–0–1) <ref>{{Cite news|date=1907-10-07|title=Facts About World's Championship Series|pages=4|work=The Times|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/88126903/facts-about-worlds-championship-series/|access-date=2021-11-04}}</ref>
==Statistical leaders==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!
! colspan=2 | [[American League]]
! colspan=2 | [[National League (baseball)|National League]]
|-
! Stat
! Player
! Total
! Player
! Total
|-
| [[Batting average (baseball)|AVG]]
| [[Ty Cobb]] ([[Detroit Tigers|DET]])
| .350
| [[Honus Wagner]] ([[Pittsburgh Pirates|PIT]])
| .350
|-
| [[Home run|HR]]
| [[Harry Davis (1900s first baseman)|Harry Davis]] ([[Philadelphia Athletics|PHA]])
| 8
| [[Dave Brain]] ([[Boston Braves|BSD]])
| 10
|-
| [[Run batted in|RBI]]
| [[Ty Cobb]] ([[Detroit Tigers|DET]])
| 119
| [[Sherry Magee]] ([[Philadelphia Phillies|PHI]])
| 85
|-
| [[Win–loss record (pitching)#Winning pitcher|W]]
| [[Addie Joss]] ([[Cleveland Guardians|CLE]])<br>[[Doc White]] ([[Chicago White Sox|CWS]])
| 27
| [[Christy Mathewson]] ([[New York Giants (baseball)|NYG]])
| 24
|-
| [[Earned run average|ERA]]
| [[Ed Walsh]] ([[Chicago White Sox|CWS]])
| 1.60
| [[Jack Pfiester]] ([[Chicago Cub|CHC]])
| 1.15
|-
| [[Strikeout|K]]
| [[Rube Waddell]] ([[Philadelphia Athletics|PHA]])
| 232
| [[Christy Mathewson]] ([[New York Giants (baseball)|NYG]])
| 178
|}
==Major league baseball final standings==
===American League final standings===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
{{1907 American League standings|highlight=Detroit Tigers}}
{{col-2}}
{{AL Team Maps (1904–1907)}}
{{col-end}}
===National League final standings===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
{{1907 National League standings|highlight=Chicago Cubs}}
{{col-2}}
{{NL Team Maps (1907–1908)}}
{{col-end}}
==Events==
*February 27 – The [[1907 New York Highlanders season|New York Highlanders]] acquire catcher [[Branch Rickey]] from the [[1907 St. Louis Browns season|St. Louis Browns]] in exchange for infielder [[Joe Yeager]]. As a condition, Rickey specifies that he will not play on Sundays. [[Fritz Buelow]] replaces him on the Browns as their new catcher.
*March 6 – John Rogers and A.J. Reach, owners of the Philadelphia Phillies, are formally acquitted in court from damages from the 1903 Baker Bowl incident. Suit had originally been filed against the owners after a balcony at the stadium collapsed. The collapse left 232 fans injured, and another 12 perished.
*April 11
**Boston's American League team plays its first game with the name [[1907 Boston Red Sox season|Red Sox]]. They beat the [[1907 Philadelphia Athletics season|Philadelphia Athletics]], 8–4, at [[Columbia Park]].
**On [[Opening Day]], [[1907 New York Giants season|New York Giants]] catcher [[Roger Bresnahan]] wears [[shin guards]] for the first time in a major league game. The leg guards, usually used in [[cricket]], come in handy, protecting Bresnahan from a fifth-inning [[foul tip]]. Other catchers will soon follow Bresnahan's lead and wear similar shin guards.
*April 26 – [[1907 Boston Doves season|Boston Doves]] outfielder [[Johnny Bates (baseball)|Johnny Bates]] [[hit for the cycle|hits for the cycle]] in a 4–2 Boston victory over the [[1907 Brooklyn Superbas season|Brooklyn Superbas]].
*May 8 – [[Big Jeff Pfeffer]] tosses a [[no-hitter]] as the [[1907 Boston Doves season|Boston Doves]] defeat the [[1907 Cincinnati Reds season|Cincinnati Reds]], 6–0.
*May 10 – The [[Chicago White Sox]] purchase the contract of First baseman [[Jake Stahl]] from the Washington Senators.
*May 21 – The [[Chicago Cubs]] defeat the New York Giants 3–0, knocking the Giants out of first place. Giants fans begin to riot and charge the field, anger focused on umpires [[Hank O'Day]] and [[Bob Emslie]], who are surrounded and led to safety by players for the Cubs and Giants, while Pinkerton guards fire into the air to keep the crowd at bay.
*June 15 – [[Lave Cross]] is released by the Washington Senators.
*June 28 – The last-place [[1907 Washington Senators season|Washington Senators]] steal a record 13 bases off catcher [[Branch Rickey]] in a 16–5 victory over [[1907 New York Highlanders season|New York Highlanders]]. Rickey, acquired last February from the [[1906 St. Louis Browns season|St. Louis Browns]], is pressed into service despite a bad shoulder because of an injury to starting pitcher [[Red Kleinow]]. Rickey's first throw to second base ends up in right field and the subsequent tosses are not much better. He almost nips [[Jim Delahanty]] on a steal of third base. In his eight innings, relief pitcher [[King Brockett]] helps Washington with a deliberate windup. Only pitcher [[Tom Hughes (pitcher, born 1878)|Long Tom Hughes]] and second baseman [[Nig Perrine]] are steal-less, while [[Hal Chase]] swipes one for New York.
*August 2 – [[Walter Johnson]] made his major league debut with the [[1907 Washington Senators season|Washington Senators]] and lost to the [[1907 Detroit Tigers season|Detroit Tigers]], 3–2. The first hit Johnson yielded was a bunt single by [[Ty Cobb]].
*August 11 – In the second game of a [[Doubleheader (baseball)|doubleheader]], shortened by agreement, [[Ed Karger]] of the [[1907 St. Louis Cardinals season|St. Louis Cardinals]] pitched a seven-inning [[Perfect game (baseball)|perfect game]], beating the [[1907 Boston Doves season|Boston Doves]], 4–0.
*September 8 – Future hall of fame inductee [[Bill McKechnie]] makes his major league debut, getting one hit in four at bats. It was as a manager, that McKechnie would make his mark, winning four pennants and two World Series titles.
*September 20 – One week after recording a shutout in his major league debut, [[1907 Pittsburgh Pirates season|Pittsburgh Pirates]] pitcher [[Nick Maddox]] hurled a [[no-hitter]] against the [[1907 Brooklyn Superbas season|Brooklyn Superbas]] in a 2–1 Pirates win. At the age of 20 years and ten months, Maddox becomes (and still is) the ''youngest pitcher'' to throw a no-hitter in major league history.
*September 25 – [[Honus Wagner]] steals four bases, including second base, third base and home plate in the second inning against the [[1907 New York Giants season|New York Giants]]. Not to be outdone, his teammate [[Fred Clarke]] also swipes four bases for the only time in his career.
*October 12 – In Game 5 of the [[1907 World Series|World Series]] the [[1907 Chicago Cubs season|Chicago Cubs]] would win their first [[World Championship]] by defeating the [[1907 Detroit Tigers season|Detroit Tigers]], 2–0. The Cubs would take the final four games of the series after Game 1 was declared a [[tie (draw)|tie]] due to darkness with the score knotted at 3–3 in the 12th inning.
*November 5 – The New York Highlanders purchase the contract of infielder [[Hobe Ferris]] from the Boston Americans. Ferris' stay in New York is short as just hours later, he, along with infielder Jimmy Williams, and outfielder Danny Hoffman, are traded to the [[St. Louis Browns]] in exchange for Pitcher [[Fred Glade]], outfielder [[Charlie Hemphill]] and Outfielder/infielder Harry Niles.
*November 7 – The [[Tigres del Licey]] club is founded in the [[Dominican Republic]].
*November 16 – The baseball film ''[[How Brown Saw the Baseball Game]]'' is released in theatres.
==Births==
===January===
*January 2 – [[Ted Gullic]]
*January 2 – [[Red Kress]]
*January 14 – [[Chet Brewer]]
*January 16 – [[Buck Jordan]]
*January 20 – [[Bob Adams (1930s pitcher)|Bob Adams]]
*January 20 – [[Jess Hill|Jesse Hill]]
*January 20 – [[Herm Holshouser]]
*January 22 – [[Ivey Shiver]]
*January 23 – [[Bobby Burke]]
*January 25 – [[Jimmy Adair]]
*January 25 – [[Roy Sherid]]
===February===
*February 2 – [[Jerry Byrne (baseball)|Jerry Byrne]]
*February 7 – [[Bill Steinecke]]
*February 13 – [[Wayne LaMaster]]
*February 17 – [[Orlin Collier]]
*February 21 – [[Snipe Hansen]]
*February 22 – [[Dan Dugan (pitcher)|Dan Dugan]]
*February 22 – [[Marty Hopkins]]
*February 24 – [[Earl Grace]]
*February 24 – [[Bob Seeds]]
*February 26 – [[Cy Malis]]
*February 27 – [[Hilton Smith]]
===March===
*March 2 – [[Jack Knott]]
*March 3 – [[Jim Tennant]]
*March 12 – [[Leroy Matlock]]
*March 15 – [[Lou Fette]]
*March 20 – [[Vern Kennedy]]
*March 22 – [[Johnny Scalzi]]
*March 24 – [[Gus Dugas]]
*March 28 – [[Walt Masters]]
===April===
*April 2 – [[Luke Appling]]
*April 5 – [[John Goodell]]
*April 5 – [[Sugar Cain]]
*April 7 – [[Oral Hildebrand]]
*April 7 – [[Leo Schrall]]
*April 10 – [[Cliff Bolton]]
*April 17 – [[Bobby Stevens]]
*April 19 – [[Bill Ferrazzi]]
*April 22 – [[Tom Lanning]]
*April 23 – [[Dolph Camilli]]
*April 25 – [[Roy Parmelee]]
*April 30 – [[Jumbo Brown]]
===May===
*May 4 – [[Milt Galatzer]]
*May 6 – [[Ivy Andrews]]
*May 9 – [[Ed Cihocki]]
*May 11 – [[Rip Sewell]]
*May 15 – [[Ed Baecht]]
*May 26 – [[Emil Roy]]
*May 28 – [[Marv Olson]]
*May 29 – [[Phil Gallivan]]
===June===
*June 4 – [[George Washington (baseball)|George Washington]]
*June 6 – [[Bill Dickey]]
*June 13 – [[Gene Desautels]]
*June 22 – [[George Puccinelli]]
*June 23 – [[Dusty Cooke]]
*June 24 – [[Rollie Hemsley]]
*June 26 – [[Debs Garms]]
*June 28 – [[Joe Cascarella]]
===July===
*July 5 – [[Bill Byrd]]
*July 7 – [[Harold Greiner]]
*July 10 – [[John Michaels]]
*July 12 – [[Bob Cooney]]
*July 16 – [[Reggie Grabowski]]
*July 17 – [[Hank Patterson (baseball)|Hank Patterson]]
*July 25 – [[Bill Andrus]]
*July 25 – [[Joe Zapustas]]
*July 27 – [[Ed Carroll]]
===August===
*August 4 – [[George Caster]]
*August 6 – [[Tom F. Hughes|Tom Hughes]]
*August 7 – [[Clarence Heise]]
*August 11 – [[Jim Galvin (baseball)|Jim Galvin]]
*August 11 – [[Woody Jensen]]
*August 11 – [[Bobo Newsom]]
*August 11 – [[Gordon Rhodes]]
*August 13 – [[George Susce (catcher)|George Susce]]
*August 17 – [[Ed Durham]]
*August 20 – [[Beau Bell]]
*August 20 – [[Bill Crouch (baseball 1939-45)|Bill Crouch]]
*August 21 – [[Art Garibaldi]]
*August 21 – [[Wally Hebert]]
*August 21 – [[Cobe Jones]]
*August 24 – [[Beryl Richmond]]
*August 25 – [[Rufus Meadows]]
*August 28 – [[Paul Dixon (baseball)|Paul Dixon]]
*August 29 – [[Pep Young]]
*August 31 – [[Ray Berres]]
*August 31 – [[Jack Burns (first baseman)|Jack Burns]]
===September===
*September 2 – [[Ben Sankey]]
*September 3 – [[Ralph Burgin]]
*September 7 – [[Bill McAfee]]
*September 8 – [[Buck Leonard]]
*September 12 – [[Ollie Bejma]]
*September 12 – [[Spud Chandler]]
*September 13 – [[John Campbell (baseball)|John Campbell]]
*September 15 – [[Fritz Ostermueller]]
*September 17 – [[Charlie Bates (baseball)|Charlie Bates]]
*September 27 – [[Josh Billings (pitcher)|Josh Billings]]
*September 27 – [[Walter Murphy (baseball)|Walter Murphy]]
*September 27 – [[Whit Wyatt]]
===October===
*October 5 – [[Frank Doljack]]
*October 12 – [[Al Smith (left-handed pitcher)|Al Smith]]
*October 12 – [[Phil Weintraub]]
*October 16 – [[Bill Breckinridge]]
*October 22 – [[Provine Bradley]]
*October 22 – [[Jimmie Foxx]]
*October 23 – [[Lee Grissom]]
*October 24 – [[Grant Bowler]]
*October 28 – [[George Hennessey]]
*October 31 – [[Ray Treadaway]]
===November===
*November 1 – [[Larry French]]
*November 6 – [[Earl Clark (baseball)|Earl Clark]]
*November 8 – [[Tony Cuccinello]]
*November 11 – [[Hank Erickson]]
*November 22 – [[Dick Bartell]]
*November 26 – [[Gowell Claset]]
*November 28 – [[Lynn King]]
===December===
*December 8 – [[Bill Beckmann]]
*December 21 – [[Freddie Muller]]
*December 26 – [[Harry Taylor (1930s first baseman)|Harry Taylor]]
==Deaths==
===January–March===
*January 10 – [[Bob Langsford]], 41, shortstop for the [[1899 Louisville Colonels season|1899 Louisville Colonels]]
*January 16 – [[Jake Evans (baseball)|Jake Evans]], 50, right fielder who played from 1879 through 1885 with four National League teams
*January 19 – [[William A. Nimick]], 58, president of the Pittsburgh Alleghenys (1885–1890) and part-owner of the team
*March 12 – [[Pat Hynes (baseball)|Pat Hynes]], 23, outfielder for the St. Louis Browns/Cardinals from 1903 to 1904
*March 28 – [[Chick Stahl]], 34, outfielder for Boston teams in the NL and AL, and manager of the Red Sox since August, who batted .305 lifetime; had three triples in 1903 World Series, and led AL in triples in 1904
*March 29 – [[Doug Crothers]], 47, pitcher for the [[1884 Kansas City Cowboys season|1884 Kansas City Cowboys]] and [[1885 New York Metropolitans season|1885 New York Metropolitans]]
*March 29 – [[Cozy Dolan (1900s outfielder)|Cozy Dolan]], 34, right fielder who hit .269 in 830 games for five teams from 1895 to 1906
===April–June===
*April 16 – [[Bill Zies]], 39, catcher for the [[1891 St. Louis Browns season|1891 St. Louis Browns]]
*April 21 – [[Nat Hicks]], 62, catcher/manager in four seasons with the [[New York Mutuals]]
*April 22 – [[Jeremiah Reardon]], 38, pitcher for the [[Cincinnati Reds|Cincinnati Red Stockings]] (1886) and [[St. Louis Maroons/Indianapolis Hoosiers|St. Louis Maroons]] (1866)
*May 6 – [[Frank Selman]], 55[?], utility player from 1871 through 1875 for five teams of the National Association
*May 7 – [[Sam Moffet]], 50, outfielder/pitcher for the [[1884 Cleveland Blues season|1884 Cleveland Blues]] and [[1888 Indianapolis Hoosiers season|1888 Indianapolis Hoosiers]]
*June 10 – [[Tun Berger]], 39, catcher for the [[Pittsburgh Pirates|Pittsburgh Alleghenys/Pirates]] (1890/1891) and [[Washington Senators (1891–99)|Washington Senators]] (1892).
*June 12 – [[George Bryant (baseball)|George Bryant]], 50, second baseman for the [[1885 Detroit Wolverines season|1885 Detroit Wolverines]].
*June 17 – [[Frank McCarton]], 52, outfielder for the [[1872 Middletown Mansfields season|1872 Middletown Mansfields]]
*June 20 – [[Ezra Sutton]], 56, third baseman for Boston who led the National League in hits in 1884, was fifth player to collect 1000 hits, and batted .300 three times in the National Association and four times in the National League
*June 24 – [[Billy Klusman]], 42, second baseman for the [[1888 Boston Beaneaters season|1888 Boston Beaneaters]] and [[1890 St. Louis Browns season|1890 St. Louis Browns]]
===July–September===
*July 4 – [[Connie McGeehan]], pitcher/left fielder for the [[1903 Philadelphia Athletics season|1903 Philadelphia Athletics]]
*July 22 – [[Pat Dillard]], 34, OF/IF utility for the [[1900 St. Louis Cardinals season|1900 St. Louis Cardinals]]
*August 14 – [[Scott Hastings (baseball)|Scott Hastings]], 60, catcher/outfielder/manager for seven seasons from 1871 to 1877
*September 14 – [[Jack Wentz]], 44, second baseman for the [[1891 Louisville Colonels season|1891 Louisville Colonels]]
*September 21 – [[Claude Gouzzie]], 34, second baseman for the [[1903 St. Louis Browns season|1903 St. Louis Browns]]
*September 23 – [[Charlie Buffinton]], 46, pitcher for Boston and Philadelphia teams who won 233 games, including 48 for the [[1884 Boston Beaneaters season|1884 Boston Beaneaters]]
===October–December===
*October 4 – [[Frank Leary]], 26, pitcher for the [[1907 Cincinnati Reds season|1907 Cincinnati Reds]]
*October 12 – [[Whitey Gibson]], 39, catcher for the [[1888 Philadelphia Athletics season|1888 Philadelphia Athletics]]
*October 28 – [[Ted Kennedy (baseball)|Ted Kennedy]], 42, pitcher for the Chicago White Stockings (1885) and Louisville Colonels (1886)
*November 26 – [[Eddie Burke (baseball)|Eddie Burke]], 41, outfielder for the [[Philadelphia Phillies]], [[Pittsburgh Pirates|Pittsburgh Alleghenys]], [[Milwaukee Brewers (1886–1892)|Milwaukee Brewers]], [[Cincinnati Reds]], and [[New York Giants (baseball)|New York Giants]] from 1890 to 1895, who topped the National League in games played (135) and times hit by pitches (25) in 1893
*December 8 – [[Washington Fulmer]], 67, outfielder for the [[1875 Brooklyn Atlantics season|1875 Brooklyn Atlantics]]
*December 27 – [[Jim Andrews]], 42, right fielder for the [[1890 Chicago Colts season|1890 Chicago Colts]].
*December 31 – [[Jocko Flynn]], 43, pitcher/outfielder for the [[1886 Chicago White Stockings season|1886 Chicago White Stockings]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Year in baseball|this year=1907}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1907 In Baseball}}
| 1,276,501,237 |
[]
| false |
# 1889 Washington gubernatorial election
The 1889 Washington gubernatorial election took place on October 1, 1889, to elect the first Governor of Washington shortly before it was admitted as a U.S. state. Both candidates, Republican Elisha P. Ferry and Democrat Eugene Semple, previously served as Territorial Governor, a position appointed by the President of the United States.
Ferry won the election by nearly 9,000 votes out of 58,000 cast, and took office in Olympia on November 18, 1889, a week after President Benjamin Harrison signed Washington's statehood into law. This was the only election in Washington's history in which King County did not cast the most votes of any county.
## General election
### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| ----------- | --------------- | --------------- | ------ | ------- |
| | Republican | Elisha P. Ferry | 33,711 | 57.67% |
| | Democratic | Eugene Semple | 24,732 | 42.31% |
| | | Scattering | 11 | 0.02% |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 8,979 | 15.36% |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 58,454 | 100.00% |
| | Republican hold | | | |
### Results by county
| County | Elisha P. Ferry Republican | Elisha P. Ferry Republican | Eugene Semple Democratic | Eugene Semple Democratic | Scattering Write-in | Scattering Write-in | Margin | Margin | Total votes cast |
| County | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | Total votes cast |
| ----------- | -------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------------------------ | ------------------------ | ------------------- | ------------------- | ------ | ------- | ---------------- |
| Adams | 260 | 64.84% | 141 | 35.16% | 0 | 0.00% | 119 | 29.68% | 401 |
| Asotin | 171 | 57.77% | 125 | 42.23% | 0 | 0.00% | 46 | 15.54% | 296 |
| Chehalis | 897 | 59.33% | 615 | 40.67% | 0 | 0.00% | 282 | 18.65% | 1,512 |
| Clallam | 222 | 48.90% | 232 | 51.10% | 0 | 0.00% | -10 | -2.20% | 454 |
| Clark | 1,216 | 63.73% | 692 | 36.27% | 0 | 0.00% | 524 | 27.46% | 1,908 |
| Columbia | 666 | 50.68% | 648 | 49.32% | 0 | 0.00% | 18 | 1.37% | 1,314 |
| Cowlitz | 663 | 65.13% | 355 | 34.87% | 0 | 0.00% | 308 | 30.26% | 1,018 |
| Douglas | 353 | 57.12% | 265 | 42.88% | 0 | 0.00% | 88 | 14.24% | 618 |
| Franklin | 38 | 29.92% | 89 | 70.08% | 0 | 0.00% | -51 | -40.16% | 127 |
| Garfield | 517 | 55.29% | 418 | 44.71% | 0 | 0.00% | 99 | 10.59% | 935 |
| Island | 180 | 64.29% | 100 | 35.71% | 0 | 0.00% | 80 | 28.57% | 280 |
| Jefferson | 867 | 57.72% | 633 | 42.14% | 2 | 0.13% | 234 | 15.58% | 1,502 |
| King | 4,319 | 55.96% | 3,398 | 44.03% | 1 | 0.01% | 921 | 11.93% | 7,718 |
| Kitsap | 619 | 67.80% | 289 | 31.65% | 5 | 0.55% | 330 | 36.14% | 913 |
| Kittitas | 1,339 | 53.62% | 1,158 | 46.38% | 0 | 0.00% | 181 | 7.25% | 2,497 |
| Klickitat | 686 | 64.23% | 382 | 35.77% | 0 | 0.00% | 304 | 28.46% | 1,068 |
| Lewis | 1,219 | 58.41% | 868 | 41.59% | 0 | 0.00% | 351 | 16.82% | 2,087 |
| Lincoln | 1,104 | 56.13% | 863 | 43.87% | 0 | 0.00% | 241 | 12.25% | 1,967 |
| Mason | 322 | 51.44% | 304 | 48.56% | 0 | 0.00% | 18 | 2.88% | 626 |
| Okanogan | 322 | 60.41% | 211 | 39.59% | 0 | 0.00% | 111 | 20.83% | 533 |
| Pacific | 494 | 76.71% | 150 | 23.29% | 0 | 0.00% | 344 | 53.42% | 644 |
| Pierce | 4,362 | 54.72% | 3,608 | 45.26% | 1 | 0.01% | 754 | 9.46% | 7,971 |
| San Juan | 264 | 71.74% | 104 | 28.26% | 0 | 0.00% | 160 | 43.48% | 368 |
| Skagit | 949 | 62.64% | 566 | 37.36% | 0 | 0.00% | 383 | 25.28% | 1,515 |
| Skamania | 62 | 46.27% | 72 | 53.73% | 0 | 0.00% | -10 | -7.46% | 134 |
| Snohomish | 880 | 57.18% | 659 | 42.82% | 0 | 0.00% | 221 | 14.36% | 1,539 |
| Spokane | 3,256 | 58.88% | 2,272 | 41.08% | 2 | 0.04% | 984 | 17.79% | 5,530 |
| Stevens | 460 | 56.79% | 350 | 43.21% | 0 | 0.00% | 110 | 13.58% | 810 |
| Thurston | 1,067 | 59.54% | 725 | 40.46% | 0 | 0.00% | 342 | 19.08% | 1,792 |
| Wahkiakum | 284 | 65.59% | 149 | 34.41% | 0 | 0.00% | 135 | 31.18% | 433 |
| Walla Walla | 1,433 | 54.72% | 1,186 | 45.28% | 0 | 0.00% | 247 | 9.43% | 2,619 |
| Whatcom | 1,534 | 67.40% | 742 | 32.60% | 0 | 0.00% | 792 | 34.80% | 2,276 |
| Whitman | 2,149 | 53.82% | 1,844 | 46.18% | 0 | 0.00% | 305 | 7.64% | 3,993 |
| Yakima | 537 | 50.85% | 519 | 49.15% | 0 | 0.00% | 18 | 1.70% | 1,056 |
| Totals | 33,711 | 57.67% | 24,732 | 42.31% | 11 | 0.02% | 8,979 | 15.36% | 58,454 |
|
enwiki/51852845
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enwiki
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1889 Washington gubernatorial election
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1889_Washington_gubernatorial_election
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2025-01-23T09:58:11Z
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en
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Q28221042
| 372,503 |
{{short description|none}}
{{for|related races|1889 United States gubernatorial elections}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
<!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1889 Washington gubernatorial election
| country = Washington
| flag_year = 1889
| type = presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_election =
| previous_year =
| next_election = 1892 Washington gubernatorial election
| next_year = 1892
| election_date = October 1, 1889
| image1 = File:Elisha Peyre Ferry.jpg
| image_size = 150x150px
| nominee1 = '''[[Elisha P. Ferry]]'''
| party1 = Republican Party (United States)
| popular_vote1 = '''33,711'''
| percentage1 = '''57.67%'''
| image2 = File:Eugene Semple.jpg
| nominee2 = [[Eugene Semple]]
| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)
| popular_vote2 = 24,732
| percentage2 = 42.31%
| map_image = 1889 Washington gubernatorial election results map by county.svg
| map_size = 275px
| map_caption = County results<br/>'''Ferry:''' {{legend0|#e27f7f|50–60%}} {{legend0|#d75d5d|60–70%}} {{legend0|#d72f30|70–80%}}<br/>'''Semple:''' {{legend0|#7996e2|50–60%}} {{legend0|#584cde|70–80%}}
| title = [[Governor of Washington Territory]]
| before_election = [[Miles Conway Moore]]
| before_party = Republican Party (United States)
| posttitle = [[Governor of Washington]]
| after_election = [[Elisha P. Ferry]]
| after_party = Republican Party (United States)
}}
{{ElectionsWA}}
The '''1889 Washington gubernatorial election''' took place on October 1, 1889, to elect the first [[Governor of Washington]] shortly before it was admitted as a [[U.S. state]]. Both candidates, Republican [[Elisha P. Ferry]] and Democrat [[Eugene Semple]], previously served as Territorial Governor, a position appointed by the [[President of the United States]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Wilma |first=David |date=September 20, 2003 |title=Voters elect Washington's first state officials on October 1, 1889. |url=http://www.historylink.org/File/5549 |work=[[HistoryLink]] |access-date=October 3, 2016}}</ref>
Ferry won the election by nearly 9,000 votes out of 58,000 cast,<ref name="Tribune">{{cite book |date=January 1890 |title=The Tribune Almanac and Political Register for 1890. |editor-last=McPherson |editor-first=Edward |publisher=[[New-York Tribune]] |location=New York |volume=II |issue=1 |pages=86–87 |oclc=819535015 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i8ROAQAAMAAJ |via=[[Google Books]] |access-date=October 3, 2016}}</ref> and took office in [[Olympia, Washington|Olympia]] on November 18, 1889, a week after President [[Benjamin Harrison]] signed Washington's statehood into law.<ref>{{cite news |last=McNerthney |first=Casey |date=February 1, 2011 |title=P-I archive: Inauguration of Washington's first governor |url=http://blog.seattlepi.com/seattlepolitics/2011/02/01/p-i-archive-inauguration-of-washingtons-first-governor/ |work=[[Seattle Post-Intelligencer]] |access-date=October 3, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Gates |editor-first=Charles M. |date=August 1940 |title=Messages of the Governors of the Territory of Washington to the Legislative Assembly, 1854–1889 |publisher=[[University of Washington Press]] |volume=12 |oclc=8990968 |url=http://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/1957/13013/MessagesGovernorsTerritoryWA.pdf;sequence=1 |via=[[Oregon State University]] |access-date=October 3, 2016}}</ref> This was the only election in Washington's history in which [[King County, Washington|King County]] did not cast the most votes of any county.
==General election==
===Results===
{{Election box begin no change | title=1889 Washington gubernatorial election<ref name="canvass">Washington State Archives, Election Returns of Washington Territory at a General Election held on the First day of October 1889</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|
|party = Washington Republican Party
|candidate = [[Elisha P. Ferry]]
|votes = 33,711
|percentage = 57.67%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Washington Democratic Party
|candidate = [[Eugene Semple]]
|votes = 24,732
|percentage = 42.31%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party =
|candidate = Scattering
|votes = 11
|percentage = 0.02%
}}
{{Election box majority no change|
|votes = 8,979
|percentage = 15.36%
}}
{{Election box total no change|
|votes = 58,454
|percentage = 100.00%
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing
| winner = Republican Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Results by county===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" |County<ref name="canvass"/>
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" |Elisha P. Ferry<br/>Republican
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" |Eugene Semple<br/>Democratic
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" |Scattering<br/>Write-in
! style="text-align:center;" colspan="2" |Margin
! style="text-align:center;" rowspan="2" |Total votes cast
|- bgcolor="lightgrey"
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number" |#
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number" |%
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number" |#
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number" |%
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number" |#
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number" |%
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number" |#
! style="text-align:center;" data-sort-type="number" |%
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Adams County, Washington|Adams]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|260
| {{party shading/Republican}}|64.84%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|141
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|35.16%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|119
| {{party shading/Republican}}|29.68%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|401
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Asotin County, Washington|Asotin]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|171
| {{party shading/Republican}}|57.77%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|125
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|42.23%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|46
| {{party shading/Republican}}|15.54%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|296
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Grays Harbor County, Washington|Chehalis]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|897
| {{party shading/Republican}}|59.33%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|615
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|40.67%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|282
| {{party shading/Republican}}|18.65%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,512
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Clallam County, Washington|Clallam]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|222
| {{party shading/Republican}}|48.90%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|232
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|51.10%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|-10
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|-2.20%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|454
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Clark County, Washington|Clark]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,216
| {{party shading/Republican}}|63.73%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|692
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|36.27%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|524
| {{party shading/Republican}}|27.46%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,908
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Columbia County, Washington|Columbia]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|666
| {{party shading/Republican}}|50.68%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|648
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|49.32%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|18
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1.37%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,314
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Cowlitz County, Washington|Cowlitz]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|663
| {{party shading/Republican}}|65.13%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|355
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|34.87%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|308
| {{party shading/Republican}}|30.26%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,018
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Douglas County, Washington|Douglas]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|353
| {{party shading/Republican}}|57.12%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|265
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|42.88%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|88
| {{party shading/Republican}}|14.24%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|618
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Franklin County, Washington|Franklin]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|38
| {{party shading/Republican}}|29.92%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|89
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|70.08%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|-51
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|-40.16%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|127
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Garfield County, Washington|Garfield]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|517
| {{party shading/Republican}}|55.29%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|418
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|44.71%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|99
| {{party shading/Republican}}|10.59%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|935
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Island County, Washington|Island]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|180
| {{party shading/Republican}}|64.29%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|100
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|35.71%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|80
| {{party shading/Republican}}|28.57%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|280
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Jefferson County, Washington|Jefferson]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|867
| {{party shading/Republican}}|57.72%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|633
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|42.14%
| {{party shading/None}}|2
| {{party shading/None}}|0.13%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|234
| {{party shading/Republican}}|15.58%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,502
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[King County, Washington|King]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|4,319
| {{party shading/Republican}}|55.96%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|3,398
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|44.03%
| {{party shading/None}}|1
| {{party shading/None}}|0.01%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|921
| {{party shading/Republican}}|11.93%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|7,718
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Kitsap County, Washington|Kitsap]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|619
| {{party shading/Republican}}|67.80%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|289
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|31.65%
| {{party shading/None}}|5
| {{party shading/None}}|0.55%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|330
| {{party shading/Republican}}|36.14%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|913
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Kittitas County, Washington|Kittitas]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,339
| {{party shading/Republican}}|53.62%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|1,158
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|46.38%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|181
| {{party shading/Republican}}|7.25%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|2,497
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Klickitat County, Washington|Klickitat]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|686
| {{party shading/Republican}}|64.23%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|382
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|35.77%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|304
| {{party shading/Republican}}|28.46%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,068
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Lewis County, Washington|Lewis]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,219
| {{party shading/Republican}}|58.41%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|868
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|41.59%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|351
| {{party shading/Republican}}|16.82%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|2,087
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Lincoln County, Washington|Lincoln]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,104
| {{party shading/Republican}}|56.13%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|863
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|43.87%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|241
| {{party shading/Republican}}|12.25%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,967
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Mason County, Washington|Mason]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|322
| {{party shading/Republican}}|51.44%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|304
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|48.56%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|18
| {{party shading/Republican}}|2.88%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|626
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Okanogan County, Washington|Okanogan]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|322
| {{party shading/Republican}}|60.41%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|211
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|39.59%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|111
| {{party shading/Republican}}|20.83%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|533
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Pacific County, Washington|Pacific]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|494
| {{party shading/Republican}}|76.71%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|150
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|23.29%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|344
| {{party shading/Republican}}|53.42%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|644
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Pierce County, Washington|Pierce]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|4,362
| {{party shading/Republican}}|54.72%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|3,608
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|45.26%
| {{party shading/None}}|1
| {{party shading/None}}|0.01%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|754
| {{party shading/Republican}}|9.46%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|7,971
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[San Juan County, Washington|San Juan]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|264
| {{party shading/Republican}}|71.74%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|104
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|28.26%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|160
| {{party shading/Republican}}|43.48%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|368
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Skagit County, Washington|Skagit]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|949
| {{party shading/Republican}}|62.64%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|566
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|37.36%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|383
| {{party shading/Republican}}|25.28%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,515
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|[[Skamania County, Washington|Skamania]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|62
| {{party shading/Republican}}|46.27%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|72
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|53.73%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|-10
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|-7.46%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|134
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Snohomish County, Washington|Snohomish]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|880
| {{party shading/Republican}}|57.18%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|659
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|42.82%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|221
| {{party shading/Republican}}|14.36%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,539
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Spokane County, Washington|Spokane]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|3,256
| {{party shading/Republican}}|58.88%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|2,272
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|41.08%
| {{party shading/None}}|2
| {{party shading/None}}|0.04%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|984
| {{party shading/Republican}}|17.79%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|5,530
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Stevens County, Washington|Stevens]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|460
| {{party shading/Republican}}|56.79%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|350
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|43.21%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|110
| {{party shading/Republican}}|13.58%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|810
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Thurston County, Washington|Thurston]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,067
| {{party shading/Republican}}|59.54%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|725
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|40.46%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|342
| {{party shading/Republican}}|19.08%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,792
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Wahkiakum County, Washington|Wahkiakum]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|284
| {{party shading/Republican}}|65.59%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|149
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|34.41%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|135
| {{party shading/Republican}}|31.18%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|433
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Walla Walla County, Washington|Walla Walla]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,433
| {{party shading/Republican}}|54.72%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|1,186
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|45.28%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|247
| {{party shading/Republican}}|9.43%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|2,619
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Whatcom County, Washington|Whatcom]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,534
| {{party shading/Republican}}|67.40%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|742
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|32.60%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|792
| {{party shading/Republican}}|34.80%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|2,276
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Whitman County, Washington|Whitman]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|2,149
| {{party shading/Republican}}|53.82%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|1,844
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|46.18%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|305
| {{party shading/Republican}}|7.64%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|3,993
|- style="text-align:center;"
| {{party shading/Republican}}|[[Yakima County, Washington|Yakima]]
| {{party shading/Republican}}|537
| {{party shading/Republican}}|50.85%
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|519
| {{party shading/Democratic}}|49.15%
| {{party shading/None}}|0
| {{party shading/None}}|0.00%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|18
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1.70%
| {{party shading/Republican}}|1,056
|-
!Totals!!33,711!!57.67%!!24,732!!42.31%!!11!!0.02%!!8,979!!15.36%!!58,454
|}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Washington elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Washington Gubernatorial Election, 1889}}
[[Category:Washington (state) gubernatorial elections|1889]]
[[Category:1889 United States gubernatorial elections]]
[[Category:1889 Washington (state) elections|Gubernatorial]]
[[Category:October 1889]]
| 1,271,283,917 |
[{"title": "1889 Washington gubernatorial election", "data": {"Nominee": "Elisha P. Ferry \u00b7 Eugene Semple", "Party": "Republican \u00b7 Democratic", "Popular vote": "33,711 \u00b7 24,732", "Percentage": "57.67% \u00b7 42.31%", "Governor of Washington Territory before election \u00b7 Miles Conway Moore \u00b7 Republican": "Governor of Washington \u00b7 Elisha P. Ferry \u00b7 Republican"}}]
| false |
# 1902 Wyoming state elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Wyoming on Tuesday, November 4, 1902. All of the state's executive officers—the Governor, Secretary of State, Auditor, Treasurer, and Superintendent of Public Instruction—were up for election. Republicans held onto all statewide offices by landslide margins.
## Governor
Incumbent Republican Governor DeForest Richards ran for re-election to a second term, and was renominated at the Republican convention. In the general election, he faced Cody Mayor George T. Beck, whom he defeated in a landslide to win a second term. However, several months into Richards's term, he died in office, elevating Secretary of State Fenimore Chatterton to the governorship and triggering a special election in 1904.
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------- | ------------------------ | ------ | ------- | ------- |
| | Republican | DeForest Richards (inc.) | 14,483 | 57.81% | +5.38% |
| | Democratic | George T. Beck | 10,017 | 39.98% | +9.29% |
| | Socialist | Henry Breitenstein | 552 | 2.20% | — |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,466 | 17.83% | +10.79% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 25,052 | 100.00% | |
| | Republican hold | | | | |
## Secretary of State
Incumbent Republican Secretary of State Fenimore Chatterton ran for re-election to a second term. He was renominated by the Republican Party, and was opposed by the Democratic nominee, David N. Stickney, a cattleman from Laramie and the former principal of Rawlins city schools. Chatterton defeated Stickney in a landslide. Shortly into Chatterton's term, he became acting Governor upon the death of Governor DeForest Richards.
### General election
#### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------- | -------------------------- | ------ | ------- | ------- |
| | Republican | Fenimore Chatterton (inc.) | 14,695 | 59.56% | +6.30% |
| | Democratic | David N. Stickney | 9,373 | 37.99% | −6.53% |
| | Socialist | Daniel P. Gates | 604 | 2.45% | — |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,322 | 21.57% | +12.83% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 24,672 | 100.00% | |
| | Republican hold | | | | |
## Auditor
Incumbent Republican State Auditor LeRoy Grant ran for re-election to a second term. He was renominated by the Republican Party and was opposed by Democratic nominee W. Dean Hayes, a cashier at the First National Bank of Meeteetse. Grant defeated Hayes in a landslide to win a second term.
### General election
#### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------- | ------------------ | ------ | ------- | ------ |
| | Republican | LeRoy Grant (inc.) | 14,863 | 60.41% | +5.01% |
| | Democratic | W. Dean Hayes | 9,226 | 37.50% | −4.63% |
| | Socialist | William L. O'Neill | 515 | 2.09% | — |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,637 | 22.91% | +9.64% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 24,604 | 100.00% | |
| | Republican hold | | | | |
## Treasurer
Incumbent Republican Treasurer George E. Abbott was barred from seeking re-election. Accordingly, former State Treasurer Henry G. Hay was nominated by the Republican Party following a contentious selection at the state party convention. The Democratic convention nominated Colin Hunter, a former member of the territorial council and the former chairman of the territorial board of penitentiary commissioners. Hay ultimately defeated Hunter by a wide margin, enabling him to win his second non-consecutive term as State Treasurer. However, Hay would resign less than a year into his term, causing a special election to be held in 1904.
### General election
#### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------- | ------------- | ------ | ------- | ------ |
| | Republican | Henry G. Hay | 14,603 | 59.35% | +4.77% |
| | Democratic | Colin Hunter | 9,498 | 38.60% | −4.60% |
| | Socialist | Frank Ketchum | 504 | 2.05% | — |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 5,105 | 20.75% | +9.37% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 24,605 | 100.00% | |
| | Republican hold | | | | |
## Superintendent of Public Instruction
Incumbent Republican Superintendent Thomas T. Tynan ran for re-election to a second term. Though he faced some opposition at the Republican convention, he was ultimately renominated. Anna Bramel DeLario, a former public school teacher in Laramie and a former instructor at the University of Wyoming, was nominated by the Democratic convention as their candidate to oppose Tynan. Tynan won re-election over DeLario by a wide margin.
### General election
#### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | --------------- | ---------------------- | ------ | ------ | ------ |
| | Republican | Thomas T. Tynan (inc.) | 14,398 | 58.43% | +3.27% |
| | Democratic | Anna Bramel DeLario | 9,772 | 39.66% | −2.52% |
| | Socialist | Eloise C. Brown | 472 | 1.92% | — |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 4,626 | 18.77% | +5.79% |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 24,642 | | |
| | Republican hold | | | | |
|
enwiki/67890714
|
enwiki
| 67,890,714 |
1902 Wyoming state elections
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1902_Wyoming_state_elections
|
2024-08-02T22:54:24Z
|
en
|
Q107313709
| 148,637 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
A '''general election''' was held in the U.S. state of [[Wyoming]] on Tuesday, November 4, 1902. All of the state's executive officers—the Governor, Secretary of State, Auditor, Treasurer, and Superintendent of Public Instruction—were up for election. Republicans held onto all statewide offices by landslide margins.
{{ElectionsWY}}
==Governor==
{{main|1902 Wyoming gubernatorial election}}
Incumbent Republican Governor [[DeForest Richards]] ran for re-election to a second term, and was renominated at the Republican convention. In the general election, he faced [[Cody, Wyoming|Cody]] Mayor [[George T. Beck]], whom he defeated in a landslide to win a second term. However, several months into Richards's term, he died in office, elevating Secretary of State [[Fenimore Chatterton]] to the governorship and triggering a special election in [[1904 Wyoming gubernatorial special election|1904]].
{{Election box begin | title=1902 Wyoming gubernatorial election<ref name="bluebook v2">{{cite book|last=Erwin|first=Marie|editor-last=Trenholm|editor-first=Virginia Cole|title=Wyoming Blue Book|url=https://wyoarchives.wyo.gov/pdf/WyomingBlueBookTwo.pdf|volume=2|location=Cheyenne, Wyo.|publisher=Pioneer Printing & Stationery Co.|publication-date=1974|pages=557–58}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (United States)
|candidate = [[DeForest Richards]] ([[incumbent|inc.]])
|votes = 14,483
|percentage = 57.81%
|change = +5.38%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = [[George T. Beck]]
|votes = 10,017
|percentage = 39.98%
|change = +9.29%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Socialist Party (United States)
|candidate = Henry Breitenstein
|votes = 552
|percentage = 2.20%
|change = —
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 4,466
|percentage = 17.83%
|change = +10.79%
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 25,052
|percentage = 100.00%
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner = Republican Party (United States)
|loser = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
==Secretary of State==
Incumbent Republican Secretary of State [[Fenimore Chatterton]] ran for re-election to a second term. He was renominated by the Republican Party, and was opposed by the Democratic nominee, David N. Stickney, a cattleman from [[Laramie, Wyoming|Laramie]]<ref name="other candidates">{{cite news|date=August 21, 1902|title=The Other Candidates|work=Converse County Herald|location=Cheyenne, Wyo.|page=4|url=https://wyomingnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=WYCCH19020821-01&e=-08-1902--08-1902--en-20--21-byDA-img-txIN%7ctxCO%7ctxTA|access-date=June 7, 2021}}</ref> and the former principal of [[Rawlins, Wyoming|Rawlins]] city schools.<ref>{{cite news|date=August 15, 1902|title=Stickney Here|work=Cheyenne Daily Leader|location=Cheyenne, Wyo.|page=4|url=https://wyomingnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=WYCDL19020815-01.1.4&srpos=17&e=-08-1902--08-1902--en-20--1-byDA-img-txIN%7ctxCO%7ctxTA|access-date=June 7, 2021}}</ref> Chatterton defeated Stickney in a landslide. Shortly into Chatterton's term, he became acting Governor upon the death of Governor [[DeForest Richards]].
===General election===
====Results====
{{Election box begin | title=1902 Wyoming Secretary of State election<ref name="bluebook v2"/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (United States)
|candidate = [[Fenimore Chatterton]] ([[incumbent|inc.]])
|votes = 14,695
|percentage = 59.56%
|change = +6.30%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = David N. Stickney
|votes = 9,373
|percentage = 37.99%
|change = -6.53%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Socialist Party (United States)
|candidate = Daniel P. Gates
|votes = 604
|percentage = 2.45%
|change = —
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 5,322
|percentage = 21.57%
|change = +12.83%
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 24,672
|percentage = 100.00%
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner = Republican Party (United States)
|loser = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
==Auditor==
Incumbent Republican State Auditor LeRoy Grant ran for re-election to a second term. He was renominated by the Republican Party and was opposed by Democratic nominee W. Dean Hayes, a cashier at the First National Bank of [[Meeteetse, Wyoming|Meeteetse]].<ref name="other candidates"/> Grant defeated Hayes in a landslide to win a second term.
===General election===
====Results====
{{Election box begin | title=1902 Wyoming Auditor election<ref name="bluebook v2"/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (United States)
|candidate = LeRoy Grant ([[incumbent|inc.]])
|votes = 14,863
|percentage = 60.41%
|change = +5.01%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = W. Dean Hayes
|votes = 9,226
|percentage = 37.50%
|change = -4.63%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Socialist Party (United States)
|candidate = William L. O'Neill
|votes = 515
|percentage = 2.09%
|change = —
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 5,637
|percentage = 22.91%
|change = +9.64%
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 24,604
|percentage = 100.00%
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner = Republican Party (United States)
|loser = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
==Treasurer==
Incumbent Republican Treasurer [[George E. Abbott]] was barred from seeking re-election. Accordingly, former State Treasurer Henry G. Hay was nominated by the Republican Party following a contentious selection at the state party convention.<ref name="republicans nominate">{{cite news|date=July 21, 1902|title=Republicans Nominate|work=Semi-Weekly Boomerang|location=Laramie, Wyo.|page=6|url=https://wyomingnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=WYSWB19020721-01.1.6&srpos=23&e=--1902--08-1902--en-20--21-byDA-img-txIN%7ctxCO%7ctxTA|access-date=June 7, 2021}}</ref> The Democratic convention nominated Colin Hunter, a former member of the territorial council and the former chairman of the territorial board of penitentiary commissioners.<ref name="other candidates"/> Hay ultimately defeated Hunter by a wide margin, enabling him to win his second non-consecutive term as State Treasurer. However, Hay would resign less than a year into his term, causing a special election to be held in [[1904 Wyoming state elections#Treasurer|1904]].
===General election===
====Results====
{{Election box begin | title=1902 Wyoming Treasurer election<ref name="bluebook v2"/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (United States)
|candidate = Henry G. Hay
|votes = 14,603
|percentage = 59.35%
|change = +4.77%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = Colin Hunter
|votes = 9,498
|percentage = 38.60%
|change = -4.60%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Socialist Party (United States)
|candidate = Frank Ketchum
|votes = 504
|percentage = 2.05%
|change = —
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 5,105
|percentage = 20.75%
|change = +9.37%
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 24,605
|percentage = 100.00%
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner = Republican Party (United States)
|loser = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
==Superintendent of Public Instruction==
Incumbent Republican Superintendent Thomas T. Tynan ran for re-election to a second term. Though he faced some opposition at the Republican convention, he was ultimately renominated.<ref name="republicans nominate"/> Anna Bramel DeLario, a former public school teacher in [[Laramie, Wyoming|Laramie]]<ref>{{cite news|date=August 8, 1902|title=Brief Sketches of the Candidates Nominated by the Democrats at Convention Yesterday|work=Cheyenne Daily Leader|location=Cheyenne, Wyo.|page=5|url=https://wyomingnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=WYCDL19020808-01.1.5&srpos=1&e=-08-1902--08-1902--en-20--1-byDA-img-txIN%7ctxCO%7ctxTA|access-date=June 7, 2021}}</ref> and a former instructor at the [[University of Wyoming]],<ref>{{cite news|date=August 9, 1902|title=Bryan and Silver Turned Down: Democratic Platform Contains No Reference to Either|work=Rawlins Republican|location=Rawlins, Wyo.|pages=1, 6|url=https://wyomingnewspapers.org/?a=d&d=WYRRP19020809-01.1.6&srpos=6&e=-08-1902--08-1902--en-20--1-byDA-img-txIN%7ctxCO%7ctxTA|access-date=June 7, 2021}}</ref> was nominated by the Democratic convention as their candidate to oppose Tynan. Tynan won re-election over DeLario by a wide margin.
===General election===
====Results====
{{Election box begin | title=1902 Wyoming Superintendent of Public Instruction election<ref name="bluebook v2"/>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Republican Party (United States)
|candidate = Thomas T. Tynan ([[incumbent|inc.]])
|votes = 14,398
|percentage = 58.43%
|change = +3.27%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = Anna Bramel DeLario
|votes = 9,772
|percentage = 39.66%
|change = -2.52%
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Socialist Party (United States)
|candidate = Eloise C. Brown
|votes = 472
|percentage = 1.92%
|change = —
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 4,626
|percentage = 18.77%
|change = +5.79%
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 24,642
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no swing|
|winner = Republican Party (United States)
|loser = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{1902 United States elections}}
[[Category:1902 Wyoming elections| ]]
[[Category:1902 elections in the United States by state|Wyoming]]
| 1,238,251,926 |
[]
| false |
# 1696 in Denmark
Events from the year 1696 in Denmark
## Incumbents
- Monarch – Christian V[1]
## Events
- 19 April – Church of Our Saviour on Christianshavn in Copenhagen is inaugurated.[2]
Full date missing
- The Thisted witch trial, referred to as the last witch trials in Denmark, begins in Thisted.
## Births
- 22 June – Joost van Hemert, merchant and ship-owner (died 1775)
## Deaths
- 28 June – Eiler Holck, baron and military officer (born 1627)
Undated
- Peder Lauridsen Kylling, botanist (born 1640)
|
enwiki/56391254
|
enwiki
| 56,391,254 |
1696 in Denmark
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1696_in_Denmark
|
2024-09-08T01:50:54Z
|
en
|
Q48852354
| 77,564 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2022}}
{{Year in Denmark|1696}}
Events from the year '''1696 in [[Denmark]]'''
==Incumbents==
* [[List of Danish monarchs|Monarch]] – [[Christian V of Denmark|Christian V]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Christian V: Scandinavian king|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christian-V|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|access-date=18 November 2019|language=en}}</ref>
==Events==
* 19 April – [[Church of Our Saviour, Copenhagen|Church of Our Saviour]] on [[Christianshavn]] in Copenhagen is inaugurated.<ref name=S1692>{{cite web|url=http://www.kobenhavnshistorie.dk/bog/khsd/1600/1696.html|title=1696|language=da|website=Selskabet for Københavns Historie|access-date=24 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180124195522/http://www.kobenhavnshistorie.dk/bog/khsd/1600/1696.html|archive-date=24 January 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>
'''Full date missing'''
* The [[Thisted witch trial]], referred to as the last witch trials in Denmark, begins in [[Thisted]].
==Births==
* 22 June – [[Joost van Hemert]], merchant and ship-owner (died [[1775 in Denmark|1775]])
==Deaths==
* 28 June – [[Eiler Holck]], baron and military officer (born [[1627 in Denmark|1627]])
'''Undated'''
* [[Peder Lauridsen Kylling]], botanist (born [[1640 in Denmark|1640]])
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Year in Europe|1696}}
{{Denmark year nav}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1696in Denmark}}
[[Category:1696 in Denmark| ]]
[[Category:1696 by country|Denmark]]
[[Category:Years of the 17th century in Denmark]]
| 1,244,606,413 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1695 - 1694 - 1693": "1696 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Denmark \u00b7 \u2192 - 1697 - 1698 - 1699", "Decades": "1670s 1680s 1690s 1700s 1710s", "See also": "Other events of 1696 \u00b7 List of years in Denmark"}}]
| false |
# 1889 Welsh Cup final
The 1889 Welsh Cup Final, the 12th in the competition, was contested by Bangor and Northwich Victoria at the Racecourse Ground. Bangor, in their first Welsh Cup final, won 2–1 in a match that would mark the first time these two teams, future founders and rivals of the Northern Premier League and Alliance Premier League would meet in a major final. The most recent was the 1984 FA Trophy Final.
## Route to the final
### Bangor
| Round | Opposition | Score | Venue |
| ------------ | ---------------------- | ----- | ------------------- |
| First Round | St. Asaph | 0–7 | St. Asaph (a) |
| Second Round | bye to the next round. | | |
| Third Round | Ruthin | 1–4 | Ruthin (a) |
| Semi-final | Wrexham | 2–3 | Faulkner Street (n) |
### Northwich Victoria
| Round | Opposition | Score | Venue |
| ------------------ | ------------------ | ----- | ------------------- |
| First Round | Over Wanderers | 1–2 | ? (a) |
| Second Round | Chester St Oswalds | 2–1 | Drill Field (h) |
| Third Round | Davenham | 0–0 | Davenham (a) |
| Replay | Davenham | 4–3 | Drill Field (h) |
| Semi-final 1st leg | Chirk AAA | 1–1 | Faulkner Street (n) |
| Replay | Chirk AAA | 3–2 | Faulkner Street (n) |
## Match
| Bangor | 2–1 | Northwich Victoria |
| ------------------------------------ | ------ | ------------------ |
| E P Whitley-Hughes 75' · R O Roberts | Report | R Leather 76' |
| Bangor. | Northwich Victoria |
|
enwiki/35008017
|
enwiki
| 35,008,017 |
1889 Welsh Cup final
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1889_Welsh_Cup_final
|
2025-02-05T15:43:14Z
|
en
|
Q4556374
| 102,006 |
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox football match
| title = 1889 Football Association of Wales Challenge Cup Final
| image =
| event = [[1888–89 Welsh Cup]]
| team1 = [[Bangor City F.C.|Bangor]]
| team1score = 2
| team2 = [[Northwich Victoria F.C.|Northwich Victoria]]
| team2score = 1
| details =
| date = 22 April 1889
| stadium = [[Racecourse Ground]]
| city = [[Wrexham]]
| man_of_the_match1a =
| referee = Mr Mitchell (Blackburn)
| attendance = 4,000
| weather =
| previous =
| next =
}}
The '''1889 Welsh Cup Final''', the [[List of Welsh Cup finals|12th]] in the [[Welsh Cup|competition]], was contested by [[Bangor City F.C.|Bangor]] and [[Northwich Victoria F.C.|Northwich Victoria]] at the [[Racecourse Ground]]. Bangor, in their first Welsh Cup final, won 2–1 in a match that would mark the first time these two teams, future founders and rivals of the [[Northern Premier League]] and [[Football Conference|Alliance Premier League]] would meet in a major final. The most recent was the [[1984 FA Trophy Final]].
==Route to the final==
{{See also|1888–89 Welsh Cup}}
===Bangor===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;margin-left:1em;float:left"
|-
! width=85|Round
! width=160|Opposition
! width=85|Score
! width=100|Venue
|-
| First Round
| [[St. Asaph F.C.|St. Asaph]]
| align=center|0–7
| [[St. Asaph]] (a)
|-
| Second Round
| ''[[Bye (sports)|bye]] to the next round.''
|
|
|-
| Third Round
| [[Ruthin Town F.C.|Ruthin]]
| align=center|1–4
| [[Ruthin]] (a)
|-
| Semi-final
| [[Wrexham F.C.|Wrexham]]
| align=center|2–3
| [[Faulkner Street]] (n)
|}{{-}}
=== Northwich Victoria===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:left;margin-left:1em;float:left"
|-
! width=85|Round
! width=160|Opposition
! width=85|Score
! width=100|Venue
|-
| First Round
| [[Over Wanderers F.C.|Over Wanderers]]
| align=center|1–2
| ? (a)
|-
| Second Round
| [[Chester St Oswalds F.C.|Chester St Oswalds]]
| align=center|2–1
| [[Drill Field]] (h)
|-
| Third Round
| [[Davenham F.C.|Davenham]]
| align=center|0–0
| [[Davenham]] (a)
|-
| ''Replay''
| [[Davenham F.C.|Davenham]]
| align=center|4–3
| [[Drill Field]] (h)
|-
| Semi-final<br/>1st leg
| [[Chirk AAA F.C.|Chirk AAA]]
| align=center|1–1
| [[Faulkner Street]] (n)
|-
| ''Replay''
| [[Chirk AAA F.C.|Chirk AAA]]
| align=center|3–2
| [[Faulkner Street]] (n)
|}{{-}}
==Match==
{{footballbox
| date = 22 April 1889<br />15:30
| team1 = [[Bangor City F.C.|Bangor]]
| score = 2–1
| report = [http://www.wfda.co.uk/welshcup_final_detail.php?id=12 Report]
| team2 = [[Northwich Victoria F.C.|Northwich Victoria]]
| goals1 = E P Whitley-Hughes {{goal|75}}<br />R O Roberts {{goal}}
| goals2 = R Leather {{goal|76}}
| stadium = [[Racecourse Ground]], [[Wrexham]]
| referee = Mr Mitchell ([[Blackburn]])
| attendance = 4,000}}
{| width=92% |
|-
|{{Football kit
| pattern_la =
| pattern_b = _goldhalf2
| pattern_ra =
| pattern_sh =
| pattern_so = _band_black
| leftarm = FFD700
| body = 00008B
| rightarm = 00008B
| shorts = 00008B
| socks = FFD700
| title = Bangor.<ref>''The History of the Welsh Cup 1877–1993'' by Ian Garland (1991) {{ISBN|1-872424-37-6}}</ref>
}}
|{{Football kit
| pattern_la =
| pattern_b =
| pattern_ra =
| pattern_sh =
| pattern_so =
| leftarm = FF2400
| body = FF2400
| rightarm = FF2400
| shorts = 00008B
| socks = 00008B
| title = Northwich Victoria<ref>[http://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Northwich_Victoria/Northwich_Victoria.htm Northwich Victoria – Historical Football Kits]</ref>
}}
|}
==See also==
{{Portal|Wales}}
==Notes==
# {{note label|NIR|nb1|nb1}}
== References ==
=== Bibliography ===
* {{cite book |last=Garland |first=Ian |title=The History of the Welsh Cup 1877–1993 |publisher=Bridge Books |year=1991 |isbn=1-872424-37-6 }}
=== Notes ===
{{reflist}}
== External links ==
*[https://www.rsssf.org/tablesw/walcuphist.html RSSSF: Wales - List of Cup Finals]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120320173941/http://www.wfda.co.uk/welsh_cup.php?id=12 Welsh Football Data Archive: WELSH CUP 1888/89]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120319104633/http://www.wfda.co.uk/welshcup_final_detail.php?id=12 Welsh Football Data Archive: WELSH CUP FINAL 1888/89]
{{Welsh Cup seasons}}
{{1888–89 in European Football (UEFA)}}
{{Bangor City F.C.}}
{{Northwich Victoria F.C.}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Welsh Cup Final 1889}}
[[Category:Welsh Cup finals|1889]]
[[Category:1888–89 Welsh Cup|Final]]
[[Category:Bangor City F.C. matches]]
[[Category:Northwich Victoria F.C. matches]]
[[Category:April 1889]]
[[Category:Football competitions in Wrexham]]
| 1,274,125,330 |
[{"title": "1889 Football Association of Wales Challenge Cup Final", "data": {"Event": "1888\u201389 Welsh Cup", "Bangor": "Northwich Victoria", "2": "1", "Date": "22 April 1889", "Venue": "Racecourse Ground, Wrexham", "Referee": "Mr Mitchell (Blackburn)", "Attendance": "4,000"}}]
| false |
# 1907 in film
The year 1907 in film involved some significant events.
## Events
- January 19 – Variety publishes its first film review.
- The Kalem Company founded in New York City by Frank J. Marion, Samuel Long, and George Kleine.
- May 7 – Seattle film maker William Harbeck sets up a camera at the front of a B.C. Electric streetcar and films the downtown streets of Vancouver, British Columbia. Pieces of the film, the earliest surviving footage of the city,[1] have disappeared, only about 7 minutes remain.[2]
- May 29 – Salaviinanpolttajat, also known as The Moonshiners, the first fictional film made in Finland, is released.
- June 20 – L'Enfant prodigue, the first feature-length motion picture produced in Europe, opens in Paris.
- Peerless Film Manufacturing Company was founded in Chicago by George K. Spoor and Gilbert M. Anderson. On August 10, the studio name was changed to Essanay Studios ("S and A").[3][4]
- November 28 - In Haverhill, Massachusetts, scrap-metal dealer Louis B. Mayer opens his first movie theatre (in a few years he had the largest theatre chain in New England and in 1917 he founded his own production company, which eventually became part of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer).
- December 7 – First Ben-Hur film, directed by Sidney Olcott and produced by the Kalem Company, released.
- Carl Laemmle, later of Universal, experiments with combining audio from phonographs with film. Laemmle's experiments lead to the German development of "Syncroscope." Syncroscope had several successful demonstrations, but was eventually abandoned.
## Notable films released in 1907
### B
- Ben Hur, directed by Sidney Olcott, based on the 1880 novel Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ by Lew Wallace – (US)
- The Bewildering Cabinet (Le Placard infernal) (lost), directed by Georges Méliès – (France)
### C
- The Clock-Maker's Secret (Le Secret de l'horloger), directed by Gaston Velle – (France)
- Le Cochon Danseur (The Dancing Pig), directed by Millard Mercury – (France)
- A Curious Dream, directed by J. Stuart Blackton – (US)
### D
- The Doll's Revenge, directed by Cecil Hepworth – (GB)
### E
- The Eclipse, or the Courtship of the Sun and Moon (L'éclipse du soleil en pleine lune), directed by Georges Méliès – (France)
- L'Enfant prodigue (The Prodigal Son), directed by Michel Carré, starring Georges Wague – (France)
### F
- First Prize for the Cello (Premier Prix de violoncelle) – (France)
### G
- The Golden Beetle (Le Scarabée d'or), directed by Segundo de Chomón – (France)
- Good Glue Sticks (La Colle universelle), directed by Georges Méliès – (France)
### H
- The Haunted Hotel, directed by J. Stuart Blackton – (US)
### I
- In the Bogie Man's Cave (La Cuisine de l'ogre), directed by Georges Méliès – (France)[5]
### L
- Laughing Gas, directed by Edwin S. Porter – (US)
- Løvejagten (The Lion Hunt), directed by Viggo Larsen – (Denmark)
### M
- La Marseillaise, directed by Georges Mendel – (France)
### P
- The Policemen's Little Run (La Course des sergents de ville), directed by Ferdinand Zecca – (France)
### R
- The Race for the Sausage (Course à la saucisse), directed by Alice Guy – (France)
- The Red Spectre (Le spectre rouge), directed by Segundo de Chomón and Ferdinand Zecca – (France)
- Robert Macaire and Bertrand (Robert Macaire et Bertrand, les rois de cambrioleurs), directed by Georges Méliès – (France)
### S
- Salaviinanpolttajat (The Moonshiners) (lost), directed by Louis Sparre and Teuvo Puro – (Finland)
- Satan s'amuse (Satan at Play), directed by Segundo de Chomón – (France)
### T
- That Fatal Sneeze, directed by Lewin Fitzhamon – (GB)
- Tunneling the English Channel (Le Tunnel sous la Manche ou le Cauchemar franco-anglais), directed by Georges Méliès – (France)
### U
- Under the Seas (Deux Cents Milles sous les mers ou le Cauchemar du pêcheur) (incomplete), directed by Georges Méliès, based on the 1870 novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas by Jules Verne – (France)
### V
- Vancouver, directed by William Harbeck – (Canada)
### W
- When the Devil Drives, directed by Walter R. Booth – (GB)
## Births
| Month | Date | Name | Country | Profession | Died | |
| January | 3 | Ray Milland | UK | Actor, Director | 1986 | |
| January | 6 | Helen Kleeb | US | Actress | 2003 | |
| January | 16 | Alexander Knox | Canada | Actor | 1995 | |
| January | 20 | Paula Wessely | Austria | Actress, Producer | 2000 | |
| January | 22 | Mary Dresselhuys | Netherlands | Actress | 2004 | |
| February | 12 | Joseph Kearns | US | Actor | 1962 | |
| February | 15 | Cesar Romero | US | Actor | 1994 | |
| February | 22 | Sheldon Leonard | US | Actor, Director, Producer, Writer | 1997 | |
| February | 22 | Robert Young | US | Actor | 1998 | |
| March | 4 | Edgar Barrier | US | Actor | 1964 | |
| March | 19 | Kent Smith | US | Actor | 1985 | |
| March | 27 | Mary Treen | US | Actress | 1989 | |
| March | 31 | Eddie Quillan | US | Actor, Singer | 1990 | |
| April | 11 | Paul Douglas | US | Actor | 1959 | |
| April | 19 | Lina Basquette | US | Actress | 1994 | |
| April | 29 | Fred Zinnemann | Austria | Director | 1997 | |
| May | 12 | Katharine Hepburn | US | Actress | 2003 | |
| May | 22 | Laurence Olivier | UK | Actor, Director | 1989 | |
| May | 26 | John Wayne | US | Actor | 1979 | |
| June | 4 | Rosalind Russell | US | Actress, Comedienne, Screenwriter, Singer | 1976 | |
| June | 16 | Jack Albertson | US | Actor, Comedian, Dancer, Singer | 1981 | |
| June | 27 | John McIntire | US | Actor | 1991 | |
| June | 29 | Joan Davis | US | Actress | 1961 | |
| July | 14 | Annabella | France | Actress | 1996 | |
| July | 14 | Olive Borden | US | Actress | 1947 | |
| July | 15 | Craig Reynolds | US | Actor | 1949 | |
| July | 16 | Barbara Stanwyck | US | Actress, Model, Dancer | 1990 | |
| July | 19 | Isabel Jewell | US | Actress | 1972 | |
| July | 22 | Phillips Holmes | US | Actor | 1942 | |
| July | 27 | Ross Alexander | US | Actor | 1937 | |
| August | 3 | Adrienne Ames | US | Actress | 1947 | |
| August | 3 | Irene Tedrow | US | Actress | 1995 | |
| August | 12 | Joe Besser | US | Actor, Comedian, Musician | 1988 | |
| September | 10 | Tala Birell | Romania | Actress | 1958 | |
| September | 15 | Fay Wray | Canada | Actress | 2004 | |
| September | 29 | Gene Autry | US | Singer, Songwriter, Actor | 1998 | |
| October | 17 | John Marley | US | Actor | 1986 | |
| November | 10 | Salme Reek | Estonia | Actress | 1996 | |
| November | 16 | Burgess Meredith | US | Actor, Filmmaker | 1997 | |
| December | 16 | Barbara Kent | Canada | Actress | 2011 | |
| December | 22 | Peggy Ashcroft | UK | Actress | 1991 | |
| December | 25 | Mike Mazurki | Austria-Hungary | Actor, Wrestler | 1990 | |
| December | 25 | Cab Calloway | US | Actor | 1994 | |
## Deaths
- August 30 – Richard Mansfield, stage actor who influenced many later film actors (born 1857)
## Debuts
- Linda Arvidson – Mr. Gay and Mrs. (short)
- Robert Harron – Dr. Skinium (short)
- William S. Hart – Ben Hur (short)
- Florence Turner – How to Cure a Cold (short)
|
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1907|film|music|radio}}
{{Yearsinfilm}}
The year '''1907 in film''' involved some significant events.
__TOC__
==Events==
* January 19 – ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' publishes its first film review.
* The [[Kalem Company]] founded in New York City by [[Frank J. Marion]], Samuel Long, and [[George Kleine]].
* May 7 – Seattle film maker William Harbeck sets up a camera at the front of a B.C. Electric streetcar and films the downtown streets of [[Vancouver]], [[British Columbia]]. Pieces of the film, the earliest surviving footage of the city,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.vancouverhistory.ca/archives_harbeck_film.htm |title=Vancouver History Archives: Harbeck film |access-date=2008-04-06 |archive-date=2020-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112024554/http://www.vancouverhistory.ca/archives_harbeck_film.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref> have disappeared, only about 7 minutes remain.<ref>[http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byform/mailing-lists/amia-l/2005/11/msg00202.html Request by Vancouver Public Library for further information]</ref>
* May 29 – ''[[Salaviinanpolttajat]]'', also known as ''The Moonshiners'', the first fictional film made in Finland, is released.
* June 20 – ''[[L'Enfant prodigue (1907 film)|L'Enfant prodigue]]'', the first feature-length motion picture produced in Europe, opens in Paris.
* [[Essanay Studios|Peerless Film Manufacturing Company]] was founded in Chicago by [[George K. Spoor]] and [[Broncho Billy Anderson|Gilbert M. Anderson]]. On August 10, the studio name was changed to [[Essanay Studios]] ("S and A").<ref name="EOC">{{cite book | last = Grossman | first = James R. | authorlink = James R. Grossman | title = The Encyclopedia of Chicago | publisher = [[University of Chicago Press]] | date = 2004 | pages = 293–294 | isbn = 0-226-31015-9}}</ref><ref>Arnie Bernstein, ''Hollywood on Lake Michigan: 100 Years of Chicago & the Movies'', Lake Claremont Press, 1998, p. 37. {{ISBN|978-0-9642426-2-3}}.</ref>
* November 28 - In [[Haverhill, Massachusetts]], scrap-metal dealer [[Louis B. Mayer]] opens his first [[movie theatre]] (in a few years he had the largest theatre chain in [[New England]] and in 1917 he founded his own production company, which eventually became part of [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]).
* December 7 – First ''[[Ben Hur (1907 film)|Ben-Hur]]'' film, directed by [[Sidney Olcott]] and produced by the [[Kalem Company]], released.
* [[Carl Laemmle]], later of [[Universal Pictures|Universal]], experiments with combining audio from [[phonograph]]s with film. Laemmle's experiments lead to the [[Germany|German]] development of "Syncroscope." Syncroscope had several successful demonstrations, but was eventually abandoned.
==Notable films released in 1907==
===B===
* ''[[Ben Hur (1907 film)|Ben Hur]]'', directed by [[Sidney Olcott]], based on the 1880 novel ''[[Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ]]'' by [[Lew Wallace]] – ([[List of American films of 1907|US]])
* ''The Bewildering Cabinet (Le Placard infernal)'' (lost), directed by [[Georges Méliès]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===C===
* ''The Clock-Maker's Secret (Le Secret de l'horloger)'', directed by [[Gaston Velle]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
* ''[[Le Cochon Danseur]] (The Dancing Pig)'', directed by Millard Mercury – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
* ''[[A Curious Dream]]'', directed by [[J. Stuart Blackton]] – ([[List of American films of 1907|US]])
===D===
* ''The Doll's Revenge'', directed by [[Cecil Hepworth]] – ([[List of British films before 1920|GB]])
===E===
* ''[[The Eclipse, or the Courtship of the Sun and Moon]] (L'éclipse du soleil en pleine lune)'', directed by [[Georges Méliès]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
* ''[[L'Enfant prodigue (1907 film)|L'Enfant prodigue]] (The Prodigal Son)'', directed by [[Michel Carré]], starring [[Georges Wague]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===F===
* ''[[First Prize for the Cello]] (Premier Prix de violoncelle)'' – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===G===
* ''The Golden Beetle (Le Scarabée d'or)'', directed by [[Segundo de Chomón]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
* ''[[Good Glue Sticks]] (La Colle universelle)'', directed by [[Georges Méliès]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===H===
* ''[[The Haunted Hotel]]'', directed by [[J. Stuart Blackton]] – ([[List of American films of 1907|US]])
===I===
* ''In the Bogie Man's Cave (La Cuisine de l'ogre)'', directed by [[Georges Méliès]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])<ref>Kinnard, Roy (1995). "Horror in Silent Films". McFarland and Company Inc. {{ISBN|0-7864-0036-6}}. Page 24.</ref>
===L===
* ''[[Laughing Gas (film)|Laughing Gas]]'', directed by [[Edwin S. Porter]] – ([[List of American films of 1907|US]])
* ''[[Løvejagten]] (The Lion Hunt)'', directed by [[Viggo Larsen]] – ([[List of Danish films before 1910|Denmark]])
===M===
* ''La Marseillaise'', directed by Georges Mendel – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===P===
* ''The Policemen's Little Run (La Course des sergents de ville)'', directed by [[Ferdinand Zecca]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===R===
* ''The Race for the Sausage (Course à la saucisse)'', directed by [[Alice Guy]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
* ''The Red Spectre (Le spectre rouge)'', directed by [[Segundo de Chomón]] and [[Ferdinand Zecca]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
* ''[[Robert Macaire and Bertrand]] (Robert Macaire et Bertrand, les rois de cambrioleurs)'', directed by [[Georges Méliès]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===S===
* ''[[Salaviinanpolttajat]] (The Moonshiners)'' (lost), directed by [[Louis Sparre]] and [[Teuvo Puro]] – ([[List of Finnish films before 1917|Finland]])
* ''[[Satán se divierte|Satan s'amuse]]'' (''Satan at Play''), directed by [[Segundo de Chomón]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===T===
* ''[[That Fatal Sneeze]]'', directed by [[Lewin Fitzhamon]] – ([[List of British films before 1920|GB]])
* ''[[Tunneling the English Channel]] (Le Tunnel sous la Manche ou le Cauchemar franco-anglais)'', directed by [[Georges Méliès]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===U===
* ''[[Under the Seas]] (Deux Cents Milles sous les mers ou le Cauchemar du pêcheur)'' (incomplete), directed by [[Georges Méliès]], based on the 1870 novel ''[[Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas]]'' by [[Jules Verne]] – ([[List of French films before 1910|France]])
===V===
* ''Vancouver'', directed by William Harbeck – ([[List of Canadian films|Canada]])
===W===
* ''When the Devil Drives'', directed by [[Walter R. Booth]] – ([[List of British films before 1920|GB]])
==Births==
<!-- This section is in the article 1907 in "film", people that are television actors, television directors or something like that but did not have any part of a movie don't belong here. Those belong to the "Notable Births" section in "1907 in television" -->
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4" border="0"
|- style="background:#dae3e7; text-align:center;"
| '''Month''' || '''Date''' || '''Name''' ||'''Country''' || '''Profession''' ||'''Died''' ||
|- valign="top"
| rowspan=5 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''January'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 3 || [[Ray Milland]] || style="text-align:center;"| UK || style="text-align:center;"| Actor, Director || [[1986 in film|1986]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 6 || [[Helen Kleeb]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[2003 in film|2003]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 16 || [[Alexander Knox]] || style="text-align:center;"| Canada || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1995 in film|1995]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 20 || [[Paula Wessely]] || style="text-align:center;"| Austria || style="text-align:center;"| Actress, Producer || [[2000 in film|2000]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 22 || [[Mary Dresselhuys]] || style="text-align:center;"| Netherlands || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[2004 in film|2004]] ||
|-
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''February'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 12 || [[Joseph Kearns]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1962 in film|1962]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 15 || [[Cesar Romero]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1994 in film|1994]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 22 || [[Sheldon Leonard]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor, Director, Producer, Writer || [[1997 in film|1997]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 22 || [[Robert Young (actor)|Robert Young]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1998 in film|1998]] ||
|-
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''March'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 4 || [[Edgar Barrier]] || style="text-align:center;"| US|| style="text-align:center;"| Actor|| | [[1964]]
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 19 || [[Kent Smith]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1985 in film|1985]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 27 || [[Mary Treen]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1989 in film|1989]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 31 || [[Eddie Quillan]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor, Singer || [[1990 in film|1990]] ||
|-
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''April'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 11 || [[Paul Douglas (actor)|Paul Douglas]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1959 in film|1959]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 19 || [[Lina Basquette]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1994 in film|1994]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 29 || [[Fred Zinnemann]] || style="text-align:center;"| Austria || style="text-align:center;"| Director || [[1997 in film|1997]] ||
|-
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''May'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 12 || [[Katharine Hepburn]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[2003 in film|2003]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 22 || [[Laurence Olivier]] || style="text-align:center;"| UK || style="text-align:center;"| Actor, Director || [[1989 in film|1989]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 26 || [[John Wayne]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1979 in film|1979]] ||
|-
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''June'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 4 || [[Rosalind Russell]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress, Comedienne, Screenwriter, Singer || [[1976 in film|1976]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 16 || [[Jack Albertson]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor, Comedian, Dancer, Singer || [[1981 in film|1981]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 27 || [[John McIntire]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1991 in film|1991]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 29 || [[Joan Davis]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1961 in film|1961]] ||
|-
| rowspan=7 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''July'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 14 || [[Annabella (actress)|Annabella]] || style="text-align:center;"| France || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1996 in film|1996]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 14 || [[Olive Borden]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1947 in film|1947]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 15 || [[Craig Reynolds (actor)|Craig Reynolds]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1949 in film|1949]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 16 || [[Barbara Stanwyck]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress, Model, Dancer || [[1990 in film|1990]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 19 || [[Isabel Jewell]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1972 in film|1972]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 22 || [[Phillips Holmes]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1942 in film|1942]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 27 || [[Ross Alexander]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1937 in film|1937]] ||
|-
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''August'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 3 || [[Adrienne Ames]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1947 in film|1947]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 3 || [[Irene Tedrow]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1995 in film|1995]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 12 || [[Joe Besser]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor, Comedian, Musician || [[1988 in film|1988]] ||
|-
| rowspan=3 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''September'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 10 || [[Tala Birell]] || style="text-align:center;"| Romania || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1958 in film|1958]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 15 || [[Fay Wray]] || style="text-align:center;"| Canada || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[2004 in film|2004]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 29 || [[Gene Autry]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Singer, Songwriter, Actor || [[1998 in film|1998]] ||
|-
| rowspan=1 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''October'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 17 || [[John Marley]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor || [[1986 in film|1986]] ||
|-
| rowspan=2 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''November'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 10 || [[Salme Reek]] || style="text-align:center;"| Estonia || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1996 in film|1996]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 16 || [[Burgess Meredith]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor, Filmmaker || [[1997 in film|1997]] ||
|-
| rowspan=4 style="text-align:center; vertical-align:top;"| '''December'''
| style="text-align:center;"| 16 || [[Barbara Kent]] || style="text-align:center;"| Canada || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[2011 in film|2011]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 22 || [[Peggy Ashcroft]] || style="text-align:center;"| UK || style="text-align:center;"| Actress || [[1991 in film|1991]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 25 || [[Mike Mazurki]] || style="text-align:center;"| Austria-Hungary || style="text-align:center;"| Actor, Wrestler || [[1990 in film|1990]] ||
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| 25 || [[Cab Calloway]] || style="text-align:center;"| US || style="text-align:center;"| Actor|| [[1994 in film|1994]] ||
|-
|}
==Deaths==
* August 30 – [[Richard Mansfield]], stage actor who influenced many later film actors (born 1857)
==Debuts==
* [[Linda Arvidson]] – Mr. Gay and Mrs. (short)
* [[Robert Harron]] – Dr. Skinium (short)
* [[William S. Hart]] – [[Ben Hur (1907 film)|Ben Hur (short)]]
* [[Florence Turner]] – How to Cure a Cold (short)
== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{YouTube|p=PLoHEmNPV3oBi0OzQ7ilnYZVsdPHdJopUC|''1907 in film''}}
*[https://www.imdb.com/search/title/?title_type=feature,short&release_date=1907-01-01,1907-12-31&adult=include&sort=num_votes,desc List of 1907 films] at [[IMDb]]
*[https://www.imdb.com/search/name/?death_date=1907-01-01,1907-12-31&adult=include List of 1907 deaths] at [[IMDb]]
* [https://www.imdb.com/search/name/?birth_date=1907-01-01,1907-12-31&adult=include List of 1907 births] at [[IMDb]]
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1907 In Film}}
[[Category:1907 in film| ]]
[[Category:Film by year]]
| 1,276,349,544 |
[]
| false |
# 1903 Glen Innes state by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Glen Innes on 4 November 1903 because of the death of Francis Wright.
## Dates
| Date | Event |
| ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 1 October 1903 | Francis Wright died. |
| 7 October 1903 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 16 October 1903 | Nominations |
| 28 October 1903 | Polling day |
| 11 November 1903 | Return of writ |
## Result
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ------------------ | ------------------------------------ | ------------------------ | ----- | ---- | ----- |
| | Liberal Reform | Follett Thomas (elected) | 865 | 58.1 | +27.1 |
| | Progressive | Alexander Hay | 624 | 41.9 | +1.8 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 1,489 | 99.3 | +0.5 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | Informal votes | 10 | 0.7 | −0.5 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,499 | 66.6 | +1.1 |
| | Liberal Reform gain from Progressive | | | | |
|
enwiki/65302133
|
enwiki
| 65,302,133 |
1903 Glen Innes state by-election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1903_Glen_Innes_state_by-election
|
2022-03-15T12:15:04Z
|
en
|
Q99288831
| 77,307 |
{{short description|By-election in New South Wales, Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=April 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1903 Glen Innes state by-election
| candidate2 = [[Alexander Hay (Australian politician)|Alexander Hay]]
| after_party = Liberal Reform Party (Australia)
| after_election = [[Follett Thomas]]
| before_party = Progressive Party (1901)
| before_election = [[Francis Augustus Wright]]
| title = [[Member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly|MLA]]
| map_caption =
| map_size =
| map_image =
| percentage2 = 41.9%
| popular_vote2 = 624
| party2 = Progressive Party (1901)
| image2 = [[File:Alexander Hay (3x4 crop).jpg|x160px]]
| percentage1 = '''58.1%'''
| type = parliamentary
| popular_vote1 = '''865'''
| party1 = Liberal Reform Party (Australia)
| image1 = <div style="width:120px;"><span style="line-height:160px; vertical-align:center; text-align:center; color:{{party color|Liberal Reform Party (Australia)}}; font-size:35px;"> '''LRP'''</span></div>
| candidate1 = '''[[Follett Thomas]]'''
| election_date = 4 November 1903
| next_year = 1904
| next_election = 1904 New South Wales state election
| previous_year = 1901
| previous_election = 1901 New South Wales state election
| ongoing = no
| seats_for_election = [[Electoral district of Boorowa]] in the [[Legislative Assembly of New South Wales]]
| country = New South Wales
| turnout = 66.6 % ({{increase}} 1.1%)
}}
A by-election was held for the [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly]] electorate of [[Electoral district of Glen Innes|Glen Innes]] on 4 November 1903 because of the death of [[Francis Augustus Wright|Francis Wright]].<ref name="Francis Wright NSW parl">{{Cite NSW Parliament |id=697 |name=Mr Francis Augustus Wright (1835-1903) |former=Yes |access-date=29 June 2020}}</ref>
==Dates==
{| class="wikitable"
! Date !! Event
|-
| 1 October 1903
| Francis Wright died.<ref name="Francis Wright NSW parl"/>
|-
| 7 October 1903
| [[Writ of election]] issued by the [[Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly|Speaker of the Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article220997044 |title=Writ of election: Glen Innes |newspaper=[[Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales]] |issue=524 |date=7 October 1903 |access-date=13 September 2020 |page=7471 |via=Trove}}</ref>
|-
| 16 October 1903
| Nominations
|-
| 28 October 1903
| Polling day
|-
| 11 November 1903
| Return of writ
|}
==Result==
{{Election box begin
|title = <includeonly>[[1903 Glen Innes state by-election|</includeonly>1903 Glen Innes by-election<includeonly>]]</includeonly><br>Wednesday 28 October{{hsp}}<ref name="Green">{{cite NSW election |title=1903 Glen Innes by-election |year=1901 |district=Glen Innes_1 |access-date=13 September 2020}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box candidate AU party
|party = Liberal Reform
|candidate = [[Follett Thomas]] '''(elected)'''
|votes = 865
|percentage = 58.1
|change = +27.1
}}
{{Election box candidate AU party
|party = Progressive
|candidate = [[Alexander Hay (Australian politician)|Alexander Hay]]
|votes = 624
|percentage = 41.9
|change = +1.8
}}
{{Election box formal
|votes = 1,489
|percentage = 99.3
|change = +0.5
}}
{{Election box informal
|votes = 10
|percentage = 0.7
|change = -0.5
}}
{{Election box turnout
|votes = 1,499
|percentage = 66.6{{hsp}}{{efn|Estimate based on a roll of 2,252 at the [[Results of the 1901 New South Wales state election#Glen Innes|1901 election]].{{refn|name=Results of the 1901 New South Wales state election Green 1901 Glen Innes<noinclude>|{{cite NSW election |year=1901 |district=Glen Innes |access-date=13 September 2020}}</noinclude>}}}}
|change = +1.1
}}
{{Election box gain AU party
|winner = Liberal Reform
|loser = Progressive
|swing = No
}}
{{Election box end}}
<includeonly>
[[Francis Augustus Wright|Francis Wright]] died.<ref name="Green"/></includeonly>
==See also==
*[[Electoral results for the district of Glen Innes]]
*[[List of New South Wales state by-elections]]
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{NSW by-elections 19th parl|state=expanded}}
{{Results of New South Wales state elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Glen Innes 1903}}
[[Category:1895 elections in Australia]]
[[Category:New South Wales state by-elections]]
[[Category:1890s in New South Wales]]
[[Category:1903 elections in Australia]]
[[Category:1900s in New South Wales]]
| 1,077,264,995 |
[{"title": "1903 Glen Innes state by-election", "data": {"\u2190 1901": "4 November 1903 \u00b7 1904 \u2192"}}, {"title": "Electoral district of Boorowa in the Legislative Assembly of New South Wales", "data": {"Turnout": "66.6 % ( 1.1%)", "Candidate": "Follett Thomas \u00b7 Alexander Hay", "Party": "Liberal Reform \u00b7 Progressive", "Popular vote": "865 \u00b7 624", "Percentage": "58.1% \u00b7 41.9%", "MLA before election \u00b7 Francis Augustus Wright \u00b7 Progressive": "Elected MLA \u00b7 Follett Thomas \u00b7 Liberal Reform"}}]
| false |
# 166th (Newfoundland) Field Artillery Regiment
The 166th (Newfoundland) Field Artillery Regiment was an artillery regiment of the Dominion of Newfoundland during World War II. The regiment notably fought in North Africa Campaign and Italian Campaign as part of the Eighth Army. The regiment was disbanded in October 1945.
## History
### Formation
Beginning in 1940, Newfoundland began recruiting citizens for what became the 57th (Newfoundland) Heavy Artillery Regiment. The first contingent of 403 volunteers arrived in Liverpool on April 25, 1940. A second contingent followed in May. After receiving training in Sussex, the regiment served in coastal defense in Norfolk. In June of 1940, the Royal Artillery formed the 59th (Newfoundland) Heavy Artillery Regiment to accommodate new volunteer recruits. Following this, in November 1941, the defensive regiment became the 166th (Newfoundland) Field Artillery Regiment and entered into training, first in England and then in Scotland. The regiment's commander was Lieutenant Colonel H.G. de Burgh who was a veteran of the First World War.
### Deployment to North Africa
The regiment was sent to North Africa in December 1942 as part of the British First Army in the closing months of the North African Campaign. The regiment then served in Tunisia until the end of the campaign. In Tunisia the 166th supported soldiers of the French XIX Corps, specifically the Goumiers. During the Tunisia campaign, the regiment suffered 24 killed in action. The first fatality was Gunner J.J. Flynn of Norris Arm, who died on 7 April 1943 after an enemy shell hit his gun shelter. The regiment remained in North Africa during the invasion of Sicily, not deploying to the island until the end of the campaign.
### Transfer to Italy
The regiment was sent to Italy in October 1943 with the British Eighth Army. The Regiment rotated between various divisions within the Eighth Army, including the 8th Indian Division and the 2nd New Zealand Division; the New Zealanders were under the command of Bernard Freyberg who had commanded the 88th Brigade in which the Royal Newfoundland Regiment served during the First World War. Throughout the campaign, the 166th participated in major actions such as the Battle of Monte Cassino. Captain Gordon Campbell (Cam) Eaton, was awarded the Military Cross in 1943 while serving as a forward observation officer in the regiment. The regiment remained in Italy until the end of the war, participating in the Spring 1945 offensive in Italy
|
enwiki/57735712
|
enwiki
| 57,735,712 |
166th (Newfoundland) Field Artillery Regiment
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/166th_(Newfoundland)_Field_Artillery_Regiment
|
2024-12-29T11:22:11Z
|
en
|
Q125357934
| 32,274 |
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 166th (Newfoundland) Heavy Artillery Regiment
|native_name=
|image=166th (Newfoundland) Field Artillery Regiment insignia.jpg
|image_size=200px
|caption= Unit insignia
|dates=April 1940 – October 1945
|country= {{flag|Dominion of Newfoundland}}
|branch=
|command_structure=
|type= [[Field Artillery]]
|role=
|size= [[Regiment]]
|current_commander=
|garrison=
|nickname=
|motto=
|colors=
|march=
|mascot=
|battles= [[World War II]]
* [[North Africa Campaign]]
* [[Tunisia Campaign]]
* [[Battle of Monte Cassino]]
* [[Operation Grapeshot]]
|notable_commanders= Lieutenant Colonel H.G. de Burgh
|anniversaries=
}}
The '''166th (Newfoundland) Field Artillery Regiment''' was an artillery regiment of the [[Dominion of Newfoundland]] during [[World War II]]. The regiment notably fought in [[North Africa Campaign]] and [[Italian campaign (World War II)|Italian Campaign]] as part of the [[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)|Eighth Army]]. The regiment was disbanded in October 1945.
==History==
===Formation===
Beginning in 1940, Newfoundland began recruiting citizens for what became the 57th (Newfoundland) Heavy Artillery Regiment.<ref>{{Cite web |title=57 (Newfoundland) Heavy Regiment RA |url=https://ra39-45.co.uk/units/heavy-regiments/57-newfoundland-heavy-regiment-ra |website=The Royal Artillery 1939-45}}</ref> The first contingent of 403 volunteers arrived in Liverpool on April 25, 1940. A second contingent followed in May. After receiving training in Sussex, the regiment served in coastal defense in Norfolk. In June of 1940, the Royal Artillery formed the [[59th (Newfoundland) Heavy Artillery Regiment]] to accommodate new volunteer recruits. Following this, in November 1941, the defensive regiment became the 166th (Newfoundland) Field Artillery Regiment and entered into training, first in England and then in Scotland.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ra39-45.co.uk/units/field-regiments/166-newfoundland-field-regiment-ra|title=166 (Newfoundland) Field Regiment RA|website=The Royal Artillery 1939-45}}</ref> The regiment's commander was Lieutenant Colonel H.G. de Burgh who was a veteran of the [[First World War]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/en-francais/politics/artillerie-royale.php|title=L'Artillerie royale|website=www.heritage.nf.ca}}</ref>
===Deployment to North Africa===
The regiment was sent to North Africa in December 1942 as part of the [[British First Army]] in the closing months of the North African Campaign.<ref>{{cite web |title=Members of the 166th [Newfoundland]Field Regiment World War II |url=http://ngb.chebucto.org/NFREG/WWII/ww2-africa-166-index.shtml |website=ngb.chebucto.org |access-date=13 April 2024}}</ref> The regiment then served in Tunisia until the end of the campaign. In Tunisia the 166th supported soldiers of the French XIX Corps, specifically the Goumiers. During the Tunisia campaign, the regiment suffered 24 [[killed in action]]. The first fatality was Gunner J.J. Flynn of Norris Arm, who died on 7 April 1943 after an enemy shell hit his gun shelter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.heritage.nf.ca/articles/politics/royal-artillery.php|title=Royal Artillery|website=www.heritage.nf.ca}}</ref> The regiment remained in North Africa during the [[Allied invasion of Sicily|invasion of Sicily]], not deploying to the island until the end of the campaign.
===Transfer to Italy===
The regiment was sent to Italy in October 1943 with the [[Eighth Army (United Kingdom)|British Eighth Army]]. The Regiment rotated between various divisions within the Eighth Army, including the [[8th Infantry Division (India)|8th Indian Division]] and the [[2nd New Zealand Division]]; the New Zealanders were under the command of [[Bernard Freyberg, 1st Baron Freyberg|Bernard Freyberg]] who had commanded the 88th Brigade in which the Royal Newfoundland Regiment served during the [[World War I|First World War.]] Throughout the campaign, the 166th participated in major actions such as the [[Battle of Monte Cassino]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.saltwire.com/atlantic-canada/federal-election/remembering-the-battle-for-monte-cassino-and-the-role-played-by-newfoundlanders-28325/|title=Remembering the battle for Monte Cassino, and the role played by Newfoundlanders |website=SaltWire}}</ref> Captain Gordon Campbell (Cam) Eaton, was awarded the [[Military Cross]] in 1943 while serving as a forward observation officer in the regiment.<ref>{{cite web |title=Royal Newfoundland Regiment Museum honours WW II vet |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/cam-eaton-world-war-ii-1.4175248 |website=CBC |access-date=13 April 2024 |date=June 25, 2017}}</ref> The regiment remained in Italy until the end of the war, participating in the [[Spring 1945 offensive in Italy]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:Newfoundland in World War II]]
[[Category:Military history of Newfoundland and Labrador]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1940]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1945]]
| 1,265,952,076 |
[{"title": "166th (Newfoundland) Heavy Artillery Regiment", "data": {"Active": "April 1940 \u2013 October 1945", "Country": "Dominion of Newfoundland", "Type": "Field Artillery", "Size": "Regiment", "Engagements": "World War II - North Africa Campaign - Tunisia Campaign - Battle of Monte Cassino - Operation Grapeshot"}}, {"title": "Commanders", "data": {"Notable \u00b7 commanders": "Lieutenant Colonel H.G. de Burgh"}}]
| false |
# 1889 West Carmarthenshire by-election
The 1889 West Carmarthenshire by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of West Carmarthenshire in Wales on 17 July 1889.
The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting Liberal MP, W. R. H. Powell.
## Candidates
The Liberals had won the seat comfortably in 1885, with Powell heavily defeating the former Conservative member for Carmarthenshire, Viscount Emlyn. The party moved quickly to choose a new candidate and there was a strong feeling that the new candidate should be a nonconformist. Their choice fell upon John Lloyd Morgan, son of William Morgan, former principal of the Presbyterian College at Carmarthen, who was chosen unanimously following a selection conference at Carmarthen.
There was no certainty that the Conservatives would contest the seat, and an editorial in the Liberal-inclined Carmarthen newspaper, the Welshman, expressed the view that unless the former member, Lord Emlyn, could be induced to come forward, the party's prospects were poor. Emlyn declined, and the Conservative choice, fell upon Hugh Williams-Drummond, a member of another prominent Carmarthenshire family.
Thus, within a couple of weeks, both the Liberal and Conservative parties had chosen candidates who were of a similar age and who were both fighting their first parliamentary campaign. John Lloyd Morgan, the Liberal candidate, was thought to have an advantage over his Conservative opponent, Hugh Williams-Drummond, in that he was known to the electorate, having spoken for the former member at the previous election.
## Result
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| ------------------- | ------------------- | --------------------------------- | ----- | ---- | ----- |
| | Liberal | John Lloyd Morgan | 4,252 | 62.7 | −5.9 |
| | Conservative | Hugh Henry John Williams-Drummond | 2,533 | 37.3 | +5.9 |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,719 | 25.4 | −11.8 |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 6,785 | 72.3 | +11.1 |
| Registered electors | Registered electors | Registered electors | 9,379 | | |
| | Liberal hold | Liberal hold | Swing | -5.9 | |
|
enwiki/44621087
|
enwiki
| 44,621,087 |
1889 West Carmarthenshire by-election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1889_West_Carmarthenshire_by-election
|
2024-02-20T03:52:23Z
|
en
|
Q20714117
| 91,968 |
{{Short description|UK Parliamentary by-election in Wales}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
The '''1889 West Carmarthenshire by-election''' was a parliamentary [[by-election]] held for the British [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] constituency of [[West Carmarthenshire (UK Parliament constituency)|West Carmarthenshire]] in [[ Wales]] on 17 July 1889.
The by-election was caused by the death of the sitting [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|MP]], [[W. R. H. Powell]].
==Candidates==
The Liberals had won the seat comfortably in 1885, with Powell heavily defeating the former Conservative member for Carmarthenshire, Viscount Emlyn. The party moved quickly to choose a new candidate and there was a strong feeling that the new candidate should be a nonconformist. Their choice fell upon John Lloyd Morgan, son of William Morgan, former principal of the Presbyterian College at Carmarthen, who was chosen unanimously following a selection conference at Carmarthen.<ref name="W 5-7-89 LibConf">{{cite news|title=Conference of Liberals at Carmarthen|newspaper=Welshman|date=5 July 1889}}</ref>
There was no certainty that the Conservatives would contest the seat, and an editorial in the Liberal-inclined Carmarthen newspaper, the ''Welshman'', expressed the view that unless the former member, Lord Emlyn, could be induced to come forward, the party's prospects were poor.<ref name="W 5-7-89 edit">{{cite news|title=editorial|newspaper=Welshman|date=5 July 1889}}</ref> Emlyn declined, and the Conservative choice, fell upon Hugh Williams-Drummond, a member of another prominent Carmarthenshire family.
Thus, within a couple of weeks, both the Liberal and Conservative parties had chosen candidates who were of a similar age and who were both fighting their first parliamentary campaign. [[John Lloyd Morgan]], the Liberal candidate, was thought to have an advantage over his Conservative opponent, Hugh Williams-Drummond, in that he was known to the electorate, having spoken for the former member at the previous election.<ref name="CJ 12-7-89 edit2">{{cite news|title=Editorial|url=http://welshnewspapers.llgc.org.uk/en/page/view/3760925/ART41|accessdate=7 December 2014|newspaper=Carmarthen Journal|date=12 July 1889}}</ref>
==Result==
{{Election box begin | title=1889 West Carmarthenshire by-election<ref name="Craig, F. W. S. 1885-1918">Craig, F. W. S. (1974). British parliamentary election results 1885-1918 (1 ed.). London and Basingstoke: The Macmillan Press Ltd. {{ISBN|9780333169032}}. Page 473</ref><ref name="Year Book">[https://archive.org/details/constitutionaly07unkngoog The Constitutional Year Book], 1904, published by [[Conservative Central Office]], page 177 (201 in web page)</ref><ref name="CJ 19-7-89 West Carms">{{cite news|title=West Carmarthenshire Election|url=http://welshnewspapers.llgc.org.uk/en/page/view/3760935/ART47|accessdate=6 December 2014|newspaper=Carmarthen Journal|date=19 July 1889}}</ref>}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
|party = Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate = [[John Lloyd Morgan]]
|votes = 4,252
|percentage = 62.7
|change = -5.9
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party = Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate = Hugh Henry John Williams-Drummond
|votes = 2,533
|percentage = 37.3
|change = +5.9
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,719
|percentage = 25.4
|change = -11.8
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 6,785
|percentage = 72.3
|change = +11.1
}}
{{Election box registered electors
|reg. electors = 9,379
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner = Liberal Party (UK)
|swing = -5.9
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{By-elections to the 24th UK Parliament}}
{{Westminster by-elections in Wales 1868–1899}}
[[Category:By-elections to the Parliament of the United Kingdom in Welsh constituencies]]
[[Category:19th century in Carmarthenshire]]
[[Category:1889 elections in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1889 in Wales]]
[[Category:1880s elections in Wales]]
| 1,209,065,267 |
[]
| false |
# 1912 Columbus Panhandles season
The 1912 Columbus Panhandles season was an American football team played professional football in the Ohio League. The team featured the Nesser brothers.
## Schedule
| Date | Opponent | Location | Result | Source |
| October 6 | at Dayton Oakwood | Dayton, Ohio | L 2-7 | [ 1 ] |
| October 13 | at Akron Indians | Nollan's park, Akron, Ohio | L 6–12 | [ 2 ] |
| October 20 | at Canton Bulldogs | Canton, Ohio | L 6-25 | [ 3 ] |
| November 3 | Cincinnati Celts | Columbus, Ohio | W 6-0 | [ 4 ] |
## Players
Player information is based on box scores in published game accounts.
- Buyer - guard
- Burkhart - guard
- Clyder - tackle
- J. Colburn - halfback
- B. Davis - guard
- G. Davis - guard
- S. Davis - halfback
- Deckhart, center
- Jarvis - fullback, center
- Kertzinger/Kurtzinger - fullback, center
- Kierchner - tackle
- Kilogue - end
- R. Kuchner/Kuehne - center, tackle
- O. Kuelemer - tackle
- Lynch - end
- A. Nesser - end
- F. Nesser - halfback, fullback, end
- Frank Nesser - halfback
- J. Nesser - guard, quarterback
- N. Nesser - guard
- P. Nesser - tackle
- R. Nesser - tackle
- Ted Nesser - quarterback, halfback
- Snyder - guard
- Turvey/Turney - end
- Wesser, guard
|
enwiki/65194630
|
enwiki
| 65,194,630 |
1912 Columbus Panhandles season
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1912_Columbus_Panhandles_season
|
2024-12-27T14:29:09Z
|
en
|
Q104854240
| 36,944 |
{{short description|American football team season}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox NFL team season
| team = Columbus Panhandles
| year = 1912
| record = 1–3
| league_place =
| coach = [[Joseph F. Carr]]
| stadium =
| playoffs =<!--No playoffs-->
}}
The '''1912 [[Columbus Panhandles]] season''' was an [[American football]] team played professional football in the [[Ohio League]]. The team featured the [[Nesser brothers]].
==Schedule==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Date
! Opponent
| Location
! Result
| Source
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|October 6
| at Dayton Oakwood
| [[Dayton, Ohio]]
|L 2-7
|<ref>{{cite news|title=Oakwoods Win From P. H. Team|newspaper=Dayton Daily news|date=October 7, 1912|page=13|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58502795/oakwoods-win-from-p-h-team/|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
| October 13
| at [[1912 Akron Indians season|Akron Indians]]
| Nollan's park, [[Akron, Ohio]]
| L 6–12
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Nesser Brothers Were Here With Panhandles|newspaper=The Akron Beacon Journal|date=October 14, 1912|page=9|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58502636/nesser-brothers-were-here-with/|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
|-style="background: #ffdddd;"
|October 20
| at [[1912 Canton Professionals season|Canton Bulldogs]]
| [[Canton, Ohio]]
| L 6-25
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Canton Wins From the Panhandles|newspaper=The Akron Beacon Journal|date=October 21, 1912|page=5|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58502737/canton-wins-from-the-panhandles/|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
|-style="background: #ddffdd;"
| November 3
| [[Cincinnati Celts]]
| [[Columbus, Ohio]]
| W 6-0
| <ref>{{cite news|title=Panhandlers 6, Celts 0|newspaper=The Cincinnati Enquirer|date=November 4, 1912|page=8|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/58502896/panhandlers-6-celts-0/|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}}</ref>
|}
==Players==
Player information is based on box scores in published game accounts.
* Buyer - guard
* Burkhart - guard
* Clyder - tackle
* J. Colburn - halfback
* B. Davis - guard
* G. Davis - guard
* S. Davis - halfback
* Deckhart, center
* Jarvis - fullback, center
* Kertzinger/Kurtzinger - fullback, center
* Kierchner - tackle
* Kilogue - end
* R. Kuchner/Kuehne - center, tackle
* O. Kuelemer - tackle
* Lynch - end
* A. Nesser - end
* F. Nesser - halfback, fullback, end
* Frank Nesser - halfback
* J. Nesser - guard, quarterback
* N. Nesser - guard
* P. Nesser - tackle
* R. Nesser - tackle
* Ted Nesser - quarterback, halfback
* Snyder - guard
* Turvey/Turney - end
* Wesser, guard
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Columbus Tigers seasons}}
[[Category:Columbus Panhandles seasons]]
[[Category:1910 in sports in Ohio|Columbus Panhandles]]
[[Category:1910 in American football|Columbus Panhandles]]
| 1,265,562,209 |
[{"title": "1912 Columbus Panhandles season", "data": {"Head coach": "Joseph F. Carr"}}, {"title": "Results", "data": {"Record": "1\u20133"}}]
| false |
# 166th Division (2nd Formation) (People's Republic of China)
The 5th Cavalry Division (Chinese: 骑兵第5师)(1st Formation) was created in April 1949 basing on Cavalry Division of Jichareliao Military Region. Its history could be traced to Zhude Cavalry Division of Jireliao Military Region formed on November 30, 1946.
The division was composed of 13th, 14th and 15th Cavalry Regiments. It took part in several major battles during the Chinese Civil War, including the Liaoshen Campaign and Pingjin Campaign.
The division took part in the ceremony of the Surrender of Beiping.
From June 3, 1949 to February 24, 1950, the division moved to Henan province to eliminate the remnants of Republic of China Army.
On April 2, 1950, the division was inspected by the Command in Chief Zhu De.
From October 1950, the division was put under command of Liaoxi Military District.
In March 1951, the division was renamed as 166th Division(Chinese: 第166师). All three cavalry regiments were converted to infantry regiments. The division was then composed of:
- 496th Infantry Regiment;
- 497th Infantry Regiment;
- 498th Infantry Regiment.
In May 1952, the division was disbanded. All its three regiments became 7th, 8th and 9th Independent Infantry Regiments of Northeastern Military Region.
|
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/166th_Division_(2nd_Formation)_(People%27s_Republic_of_China)
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Q39070690
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{{Multiple issues|{{refimprove|date=July 2017}}{{more footnotes|date=July 2017}}}}
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 5th Cavalry Division (1949-51)<br>166th Division (1951–52)
|image=
|caption=
|dates= 1949.4 - 1952.5
|country= [[People's Republic of China]]
|allegiance=
|branch= [[People's Liberation Army]]
|type= Division
|role= Cavalry, Infantry
|size=
|command_structure=
|garrison=
|nickname=
|patron=
|motto=
|colors=
|march=
|mascot=
|battles=[[Chinese Civil War]]
|anniversaries=
|decorations=
| battle_honours =
|notable_commanders=
|current_commander=
}}
The '''5th Cavalry Division''' ({{zh|骑兵第5师}})(1st Formation) was created in April 1949 basing on Cavalry Division of Jichareliao Military Region. Its history could be traced to Zhude Cavalry Division of Jireliao Military Region formed on November 30, 1946.
The division was composed of 13th, 14th and 15th Cavalry Regiments. It took part in several major battles during the [[Chinese Civil War]], including the [[Liaoshen Campaign]] and [[Pingjin Campaign]].
The division took part in the ceremony of the [[Pingjin Campaign#Surrender of Beiping|Surrender of Beiping]].
From June 3, 1949 to February 24, 1950, the division moved to [[Henan]] province to eliminate the remnants of [[Republic of China Army]].
On April 2, 1950, the division was inspected by the Command in Chief [[Zhu De]].
From October 1950, the division was put under command of Liaoxi Military District.
In March 1951, the division was renamed as '''166th Division'''({{zh|第166师}}). All three cavalry regiments were converted to infantry regiments. The division was then composed of:
*496th Infantry Regiment;
*497th Infantry Regiment;
*498th Infantry Regiment.
In May 1952, the division was disbanded. All its three regiments became 7th, 8th and 9th Independent Infantry Regiments of [[Shenyang Military Region|Northeastern Military Region]].
==References==
*中国人民解放军各步兵师沿革，http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_a3f74a990101cp1q.html
*朱德骑兵师, http://www.360doc.com/content/17/0327/08/8527076_640460549.shtml{{Dead link|date=May 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
<references/>
{{People's Liberation Army Divisions}}
[[Category:Infantry divisions of the People's Liberation Army]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1949]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1952]]
| 1,083,904,758 |
[{"title": "5th Cavalry Division (1949-51) \u00b7 166th Division (1951\u201352)", "data": {"Active": "1949.4 - 1952.5", "Country": "People's Republic of China", "Branch": "People's Liberation Army", "Type": "Division", "Role": "Cavalry, Infantry", "Engagements": "Chinese Civil War"}}]
| false |
# 1906 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1906.
## Arthropods
### Insects
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
| -------------- | -------------- | ------ | --------- | ---------- | -------------------- | -------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------ |
| Calyptapis | Gen et sp nov | Valid | Cockerell | Priabonian | Florissant Formation | USA | A Bombini bumblebee relative. Type species is C. florissantensis | |
| Palaeovespa | Gen et sp. nov | valid | Cockerell | Priabonian | Florissant Formation | USA | A Vespidae wasp, with three species P. florissantia, P. gillettei, and P. scudderi | |
| Protostephanus | Gen et sp. nov | valid | Cockerell | Priabonian | Florissant Formation | USA | A Stephanidae wasp Type species P. ashmeadi | |
## Archosauromorphs
- Apatosaurus gastroliths documented.[3]
- Wieland claims to have found stegosaur gastroliths.[4]
### Dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.
| Name | Status | Authors | Authors | Notes | Images |
| ------------- | --------------- | -------------------- | ------- | --------------------------- | ------ |
| "Proceratops" | Junior synonym. | - Richard Swann Lull | | Junior synonym of Ceratops. | |
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1906|paleontology|science}}
{{Year in paleontology header|1906}}
==Arthropods==
===Insects===
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name
! Novelty
! Status
! Authors
! Age
! Unit
! Location
! Notes
! Images
|-
|
''[[Calyptapis]]''
|
Gen et sp nov
|
Valid
|
[[Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell|Cockerell]]
|
[[Priabonian]]
|
[[Florissant Formation]]
|
{{Flag|USA}}
|
A [[Bombini]] bumblebee relative.<br/> Type species is ''C. florissantensis''
|
[[File:Dehon et al 2019 Zookeys Fig1-C Calyptapis florissantensis.jpg|thumb|center|upright|''[[Calyptapis florissantensis]]'']]
|-
|
''[[Palaeovespa]]''<ref name="Cockerell1906">{{Cite journal |last1=Cockerell |first1=T. D. A. |year=1906 |title=Fossil Hymenoptera from Florissant, Colorado |journal= Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College |volume=50 |pages = 55–64 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=FqjPAAAAMAAJ&q=Protostephanus&pg=PA58 }}</ref>
|
Gen et sp. nov
|
valid
|
[[Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell|Cockerell]]
|
[[Priabonian]]
|
[[Florissant Formation]]
|
{{Flag|USA}}
|
A [[Vespidae]] wasp, with three species ''P. florissantia'', ''P. gillettei'', and ''P. scudderi''
|
[[File:Palaeovespa florissantia.jpg|center|150px|thumb|''[[Palaeovespa florissantia]]'']]
|-
|
''[[Protostephanus]]''<ref name="Cockerell1906"/>
|
Gen et sp. nov
|
valid
|
[[Theodore Dru Alison Cockerell|Cockerell]]
|
[[Priabonian]]
|
[[Florissant Formation]]
|
{{Flag|USA}}
|
A [[Stephanidae]] wasp<br/> Type species ''P. ashmeadi''
|
|-
|}
==Archosauromorphs==
* ''Apatosaurus'' gastroliths documented.<ref name="Cannon-Sanders">Cannon (1906). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.</ref>
* Wieland claims to have found stegosaur gastroliths.<ref name="Wieland-Sanders">Wieland (1906). Sanders, Manley, and Carpenter (2001), "Table 12.1" page 167.</ref>
===Dinosaurs===
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.<ref name="ddinogeorge">{{cite web | last = Olshevsky | first = George | title = Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List | url = http://www.polychora.com/dinolist.html | accessdate = 2008-08-07 | archive-date = 2011-07-15 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110715102453/http://www.polychora.com/dinolist.html | url-status = dead }}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! Name
! Status
! colspan="2" | Authors
! class="unsortable" | Notes
! class="unsortable" | Images
|-
| "[[Proceratops]]"<ref>Lull, R.S. 1906. A new name for the dinosaurian
genus Ceratops. Amer. J. Sci. (ser. 4) 21: p. 124.</ref>
|
[[Junior synonym]].
|style="border-right:0px" valign="top"|
* [[Richard Swann Lull]]
|style="border-left:0px" valign="top"|
|
Junior synonym of ''[[Ceratops]]''.
|-
|}
==References==
{{portal|Paleontology}}
<references/>
* {{cite journal | last1 = Cannon | first1 = G.L. | year = 1906 | title = Sauropodan gastroliths | url =https://zenodo.org/record/1447964 | journal = Science | volume = 24 | issue = 604| page = 116 | doi=10.1126/science.24.604.116 | pmid=17772188}}
* Sanders F, Manley K, Carpenter K. Gastroliths from the Lower Cretaceous sauropod Cedarosaurus weiskopfae. In: Tanke D.H, Carpenter K, editors. Mesozoic vertebrate life: new research inspired by the paleontology of Philip J. Currie. Indiana University Press; Bloomington, IN: 2001. pp. 166–180.
* {{cite journal | last1 = Wieland | first1 = G. R. | year = 1906 | title = Dinosaurian gastroliths | url = https://zenodo.org/record/1447958| journal = Science | volume = 23 | issue = 595| pages = 819–821 | doi=10.1126/science.23.595.819-a | pmid=17756355}}
[[Category:1906 in paleontology| ]]
| 1,231,207,625 |
[]
| false |
# 1889 Wimbledon Championships – Women's singles
Blanche Hillyard defeated Lena Rice 4–6, 8–6, 6–4 in the all comers' final to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1889 Wimbledon Championships. The reigning champion Lottie Dod did not defend her title.
## Draw
### Key
- Q = Qualifier
- WC = Wild card
- LL = Lucky loser
- Alt = Alternate
- SE = Special exempt
- PR = Protected ranking
- ITF = ITF entry
- JE = Junior exempt
- w/o = Walkover
- r = Retired
- d = Defaulted
- SR = Special ranking
### All Comers'
| | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | Quarterfinals | | | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | Semifinals | | | Final | Final | Final | Final | Final | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Lena Rice | Lena Rice | 6 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | May Jacks | May Jacks | 6 | 6 | | | | May Jacks | May Jacks | 2 | 0 | | | | | | | | | |
| | Mary Steedman | Mary Steedman | 4 | 2 | | | | | | | | | | | Lena Rice | Lena Rice | 6 | 6 | 4 | |
| | Blanche Hillyard | Blanche Hillyard | 6 | 6 | | | | | | Blanche Hillyard | Blanche Hillyard | 4 | 8 | 6 | | | | | | |
| | Annie Rice | Annie Rice | 3 | 0 | | | | Blanche Hillyard | Blanche Hillyard | 8 | 6 | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Bertha Steedman | Bertha Steedman | 6 | 1 | | | | | | | | | |
|
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|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1889_Wimbledon_Championships_%E2%80%93_Women%27s_singles
|
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|
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox tennis tournament event|1889|Wimbledon Championships
| champ = {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]]
| runner = {{flagicon|GBR}} [[Lena Rice]]
| score = 4–6, 8–6, 6–4
| draw = 6
| seeds = –
| type =
}}
{{Main article|1889 Wimbledon Championships}}
[[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]] defeated [[Lena Rice]] 4–6, 8–6, 6–4 in the all comers' final to win the ladies' singles tennis title at the 1889 Wimbledon Championships. The reigning champion [[Lottie Dod]] did not defend her title.<ref name="Tingay">100 Years of Wimbledon by Lance Tingay, Guinness Superlatives Ltd. 1977</ref><ref name="Barrett">{{cite book|last=Barrett|first=John|title=Wimbledon: The Official History|date=2014|publisher=Vision Sports Publishing|isbn=9-781909-534230|edition=4th}}</ref>
==Draw==
{{Draw key}}
===All Comers'===
{{8TeamBracket-Compact-Byes
| sets=3
| RD1=Quarterfinals
| RD2=Semifinals
| RD3=Final
| team-width=180
| seeds=
| RD1-seed3=
| RD1-team3={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[May Jacks]]'''
| RD1-score3-1='''6'''
| RD1-score3-2='''6'''
| RD1-score3-3=
| RD1-seed4=
| RD1-team4={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Mary Steedman]]
| RD1-score4-1=4
| RD1-score4-2=2
| RD1-score4-3=
| RD1-seed5=
| RD1-team5={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]]'''
| RD1-score5-1='''6'''
| RD1-score5-2='''6'''
| RD1-score5-3=
| RD1-seed6=
| RD1-team6={{flagicon|GBR}} Annie Rice
| RD1-score6-1=3
| RD1-score6-2=0
| RD1-score6-3=
| RD2-seed1=
| RD2-team1={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Lena Rice]]'''
| RD2-score1-1='''6'''
| RD2-score1-2='''6'''
| RD2-score1-3=
| RD2-seed2=
| RD2-team2={{flagicon|GBR}} [[May Jacks]]
| RD2-score2-1=2
| RD2-score2-2=0
| RD2-score2-3=
| RD2-seed3=
| RD2-team3={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]]'''
| RD2-score3-1='''8'''
| RD2-score3-2='''6'''
| RD2-score3-3=
| RD2-seed4=
| RD2-team4={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Bertha Steedman]]
| RD2-score4-1=6
| RD2-score4-2=1
| RD2-score4-3=
| RD3-seed1=
| RD3-team1={{flagicon|GBR}} [[Lena Rice]]
| RD3-score1-1='''6'''
| RD3-score1-2=6
| RD3-score1-3=4
| RD3-seed2=
| RD3-team2={{flagicon|GBR}} '''[[Blanche Bingley|Blanche Hillyard]]'''
| RD3-score2-1=4
| RD3-score2-2='''8'''
| RD3-score2-3='''6'''
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==External links==
*{{Wimbledondraws|1889|LS}}
{{start box}}
{{Succession box | before={{nowrap|[[1888 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles]]}}| title=[[List of Grand Slam women's singles champions|Grand Slam women's singles]] | years= | after={{nowrap|[[1889 U.S. National Championships – Women's singles]]}}}}
{{end box}}
{{Wimbledon women's singles drawsheets}}
{{Wimbledon women's singles champions}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1889 Wimbledon Championships - Ladies' Singles}}
[[Category:1889 Wimbledon Championships|Ladies' Singles]]
[[Category:Wimbledon Championship by year – Women's singles]]
[[Category:1889 in women's tennis|Wimbledon Championships - Singles]]
[[Category:1889 in British women's sport|Wimbledon Championships - Singles]]
| 1,194,561,414 |
[{"title": "Women's singles", "data": {"Champion": "Blanche Hillyard", "Runner-up": "Lena Rice", "Score": "4\u20136, 8\u20136, 6\u20134", "Draw": "6", "Seeds": "\u2013"}}, {"title": "Singles", "data": {"Singles": "men \u00b7 women", "Doubles": "men \u00b7 women"}}]
| false |
# 1911 Atlantic hurricane season
The 1911 Atlantic hurricane season was a relatively inactive hurricane season, with only six known tropical cyclones forming in the Atlantic during the summer and fall. There were three suspected tropical depressions, including one that began the season in February and one that ended the season when it dissipated in December. Three storms intensified into hurricanes, two of which attained Category 2 status on the modern-day Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale. Storm data is largely based on the Atlantic hurricane database, which underwent a thorough revision for the period between 1911 and 1914 in 2005.
Most of the cyclones directly impacted land. A westward-moving hurricane killed 17 people and severely damaged Charleston, South Carolina, and the surrounding area in late August. A couple of weeks earlier, the Pensacola, Florida area had a storm in the Gulf of Mexico that produced winds of 80 mph (130 km/h) over land. The fourth storm of the season struck the coast of Nicaragua, killing 10 and causing extensive damage.
## Season summary
The Atlantic hurricane database (HURDAT) officially recognizes six tropical cyclones from the 1911 season. Only three attained hurricane status, with winds of 75 mph (121 km/h) or greater. The third hurricane of the season was the most intense storm, with a minimum central air pressure of 972 mbar (28.7 inHg). A week after its dissipation, another hurricane formed with wind speeds that matched the previous storm, but with unknown air pressure. Three weak tropical depressions developed and remained below tropical storm force; the first formed in February and the third in December. The first storm to reach tropical storm intensity developed on August 4, and the final tropical storm of the year dissipated on October 31.
The early 1900s lacked modern forecasting and documentation. The hurricane database from these years is sometimes found to be incomplete or incorrect, and new storms are continually being added as part of the ongoing Atlantic hurricane reanalysis. The period from 1911 through 1914 was reanalyzed in 2005. Two previously unknown tropical cyclones were identified using records including historical weather maps and ship reports, and information on the known storms was amended and corrected. These storms are referred to simply by their number in chronological order, since tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean were not given official names until much later.
The season's activity was reflected with an accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) rating of 35, below the 1911–1920 average of 58.7. ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here.
## Systems
### Tropical Storm One
Identified by its lack of associated frontal boundaries and closed circulation center, the first tropical cyclone of the 1911 season formed on August 4 over southern Alabama in the United States. At only tropical depression strength, it tracked eastward and emerged into the Atlantic Ocean the next day. Several days later, while located near Bermuda, the depression became a tropical storm and turned northeastward. The storm lasted several more days until dissipating on August 11. The storm produced heavy rainfall on the Bermuda, but no gale-force winds were reported. The storm was unknown until the 2005 Atlantic hurricane database revision recognized it as a tropical storm.
### Hurricane Two
Based on ship observations in the southeastern Gulf of Mexico, a low-pressure area developed north of Key West in early August. It developed into a tropical depression at 12:00 UTC on August 8, and strengthened into a tropical storm at 06:00 UTC on August 9 while moving northwestward off the west coast of Florida. Gradual intensification continued, and at 06:00 UTC on August 11 the storm strengthened to hurricane status. At 22:00 UTC on August 11, the hurricane reached its peak intensity and concurrently made landfall near the border between Alabama and Florida as a small tropical cyclone. During this time, the storm's maximum sustained winds were estimated at 80 mph (130 km/h), making it the equivalent of a Category 1 hurricane on the modern day Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale. A lull in the storm accompanied the nearby passage of its eye before conditions once again deteriorated. Although the lowest barometric pressure measured on land was 1007 mbar (hPa; 29.74 inHg) in Pensacola, Florida, the storm's pressure was estimated to be much lower at 982 mbar (hPa: 29.00 inHg). After making landfall, the hurricane weakened and slowly drifted westward, weakening to a tropical depression over Louisiana on August 13, before dissipating over Arkansas by 12:00 UTC the next day.
While developing in the Gulf of Mexico, the tropical cyclone brought light rainfall to Key West, amounting to 1.82 in (46 mm) over two days. The hurricane's outer rainbands affected the Florida panhandle as early as August 10, producing winds as strong as 80 mph (130 km/h) in Pensacola, where it was considered the worst since 1906. During the afternoon of August 11, the United States Weather Bureau issued storm warnings for coastal areas of the gulf coast where the hurricane was expected to impact. Upon making landfall, the storm brought heavy precipitation, peaking at 10 in (250 mm) in Molino, Florida, although the heaviest rainfall was localized from Mississippi to central Alabama. Some washouts occurred during brief episodes of heavy rain as the storm drifted westward after landfall. Strong winds in the Pensacola area downed telecommunication lines and disrupted power, cutting off communication to outside areas for 24 hours. A pavilion on Santa Rosa Island had a third of its roof torn, and some other buildings inland were also unroofed. Offshore, twelve barges were grounded after being swept by the rough surf. Heavy losses were reported to timber after they were swept away when log booms failed. Damage figures from the Pensacola area were conservatively estimated at US$12,600, considered lighter than expected, although there were some deaths.
### Hurricane Three
Over a week after the dissipation of the previous hurricane, the third storm of the season developed on August 23 and slowly tracked west-northwestward. After attaining hurricane status, the storm turned more towards the northwest, and several days later reached its peak wind speeds of 100 mph (155 km/h); a barometric pressure of 972 mbar (hPa) was reported. The center passed inland a few miles north of Savannah, Georgia, on August 28; upon making landfall, the hurricane rapidly degenerated. It deteriorated into a tropical depression on August 29 and persisted over land until dissipating a couple of days later.
The hurricane, relatively small in size, caused widespread damage between Savannah and Charleston, South Carolina. Savannah itself received only minor damage, although the storm's center passed close by. Along the coast of Georgia, torrential rainfall caused numerous washouts on railroads. Crops, livestock and roads in the area took heavy damage. At Charleston, winds were estimated at 106 mph (171 km/h) after an anemometer, last reporting 94 mph (151 km/h), failed, and 4.90 in (124 mm) of precipitation fell over three days.
The storm raged for more than 36 hours, causing severe damage; the winds unroofed hundreds of buildings, demolished many houses and had an extensive impact on power and telephone services. Tides 10.6 ft (3.2 m) above normal left a "confused mass of wrecked vessels and damaged wharfs", according to a local forecaster in Charleston, while six navy torpedo boats were ripped from their moorings and blown ashore. In total, 17 people were killed in the hurricane, and property damage in Charleston was estimated at $1 million (1911 USD, $33.7 million 2014 USD).
### Hurricane Four
The next storm formed well to the east of the Lesser Antilles on September 3 and moved westward, attaining tropical storm status about a day later. The storm slowed and curved toward the southwest, nearing the northern coast of Colombia before pulling away from land and strengthening into a hurricane. It further intensified to Category 2 status before striking Nicaragua on September 10. Quickly weakening to a tropical storm, the cyclone continued westward across Central America and briefly entered the eastern Pacific Ocean. It dissipated shortly thereafter. In the town of Corinto, a report indicated the deaths of 10 people and 50 additional injuries. About 250 houses were destroyed, leaving approximately $2 million (1911 USD, $67.5 million 2014 USD) in damage. Data on this storm is extremely scarce; as such, only minor revisions could be made to its chronology in the hurricane database.
### Tropical Storm Five
The fifth official tropical cyclone of the year was also previously unknown until contemporary reassessments. It exhibited some hybrid characteristics, and may have qualified for subtropical cyclone status according to the modern classification scheme. On September 15, the storm formed over the central Atlantic and initially moved westward. It gradually intensified as it turned northwestward, and on September 19 it transitioned into an extratropical cyclone southeast of New England. The system was subsequently absorbed by a more powerful frontal boundary approaching from the northwest.
### Tropical Storm Six
The final storm was first observed as a disturbance near Puerto Rico in the Caribbean Sea in late October. The disturbance was the precursor to a tropical depression which developed over the southern Bahamas and headed west-southwestward across Cuba, where, at Havana, winds blew from the southeast at 44 mph (71 km/h). It became a tropical storm on October 27 and drifted southwestward. Near the eastern tip of the Yucatán Peninsula, the storm turned sharply northward. An area of high pressure over the United States prevented the cyclone from turning eastward toward Florida, and it continued into the Gulf of Mexico. However, on October 31, the storm curved eastward and moved ashore over northern Florida. The storm decreased in intensity as it passed into the Atlantic. The storm's circulation center remained poorly defined throughout its course. It was long believed to have developed south of Cuba, although a reevaluation of ship data indicated the depression had actually formed east of the island. On October 26, the Weather Bureau hoisted hurricane warnings along the east coast of Florida from Key West to West Palm Beach, and on the west coast up to Tampa.
### Tropical depressions
In addition to the six officially recognized tropical storms and hurricanes, three tropical depressions in the 1911 season have been identified. The first developed in February from a trough of low pressure in the open Atlantic and progressed westward. Although a ship dubiously reported winds of over 50 mph (80 km/h) in association with the system, a lack of supporting evidence precludes its designation as a tropical storm. The cyclone dissipated by February 21. The second depression evolved from an extratropical cyclone in mid- to late May, becoming a tropical cyclone on May 22 northeast of Bermuda. It persisted for three days as it meandered around the same general area before being absorbed by another non-tropical storm. The modern-day documentation of this system was also hindered by a lack of data. On December 11, the third tropical depression formed near the Turks and Caicos Islands. It progressed westward and was situated just north of eastern Cuba the next day. The system began to weaken on December 13 and dissipated shortly thereafter.
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enwiki
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1911 Atlantic hurricane season
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1911_Atlantic_hurricane_season
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Q194697
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is a legitimate description when the title is already adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Infobox hurricane season
| Basin=Atl
| Year=1911
| Track=1911 Atlantic hurricane season summary map.png
| First storm formed=February 19, 1911
| Last storm dissipated=December 13, 1911
| Strongest storm name=Three
| Strongest storm pressure=972
| Strongest storm winds=85
| Average wind speed=1
| Total depressions=9
| Total storms=6
| Total hurricanes=3
| Damages=3
| Fatalities=>27
| five seasons=[[1909 Atlantic hurricane season|1909]], [[1910 Atlantic hurricane season|1910]], '''1911''', [[1912 Atlantic hurricane season|1912]], [[1913 Atlantic hurricane season|1913]]
|East Pacific season=1910–19 Pacific hurricane seasons
|West Pacific season=1902-19 Pacific typhoon seasons
| North Indian season=1910s North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons
}}
The '''1911 Atlantic hurricane season''' was a relatively inactive [[Atlantic hurricane season|hurricane season]], with only six known [[tropical cyclone]]s forming in the Atlantic during the summer and fall. There were three suspected tropical depressions, including one that began the season in February and one that ended the season when it dissipated in December. Three storms intensified into hurricanes, two of which attained Category 2 status on the modern-day [[Saffir–Simpson scale|Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Scale]]. Storm data is largely based on the [[HURDAT|Atlantic hurricane database]], which underwent a thorough revision for the period between 1911 and 1914 in 2005.
Most of the cyclones directly impacted land. A westward-moving hurricane killed 17 people and severely damaged [[Charleston, South Carolina]], and the surrounding area in late August. A couple of weeks earlier, the [[Pensacola, Florida]] area had a storm in the [[Gulf of Mexico]] that produced winds of {{convert|80|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} over land. The fourth storm of the season struck the coast of [[Nicaragua]], killing 10 and causing extensive damage.
__TOC__
{{Clear}}
== Season summary ==
The [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]] hurricane database (HURDAT) officially recognizes six tropical cyclones from the 1911 season. Only three attained hurricane status, with winds of {{convert|75|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} or greater. The third hurricane of the season was the most intense storm, with a minimum central [[atmospheric pressure|air pressure]] of {{convert|972|mbar|inHg|abbr=on|lk=on}}. A week after its dissipation, another hurricane formed with wind speeds that matched the previous storm, but with unknown air pressure. Three weak tropical depressions developed and remained below tropical storm force; the first formed in February and the third in December. The first storm to reach tropical storm intensity developed on August 4, and the final tropical storm of the year dissipated on October 31.<ref name="HURDAT1" />
The early 1900s lacked modern forecasting and documentation. The hurricane database from these years is sometimes found to be incomplete or incorrect, and new storms are continually being added as part of the ongoing [[Atlantic hurricane reanalysis project|Atlantic hurricane reanalysis]]. The period from 1911 through 1914 was reanalyzed in 2005. Two previously unknown tropical cyclones were identified using records including historical weather maps and ship reports, and information on the known storms was amended and corrected.<ref name="HURDAT2" /> These storms are referred to simply by their number in chronological order, since tropical cyclones in the Atlantic Ocean were not given official names until much later.{{Atlantic hurricane best track}}
The season's activity was reflected with an [[accumulated cyclone energy]] (ACE) rating of 35,<ref name="ACE"/> below the 1911–1920 average of 58.7.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Landsea, Christopher W.|date=May 15, 2008|title=A Reanalysis of the 1911–20 Atlantic Hurricane Database|volume=21|issue=10|url=https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/21/10/2007jcli1119.1.xml?tab_body=pdf|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|page=2146|display-authors=etal|access-date=September 6, 2021|doi=10.1175/2007JCLI1119.1|format=PDF|journal=Journal of Climate|location=Miami, Florida|bibcode=2008JCli...21.2138L|doi-access=free}}</ref> ACE is a metric used to express the energy used by a tropical cyclone during its lifetime. Therefore, a storm with a longer duration will have high values of ACE. It is only calculated at six-hour increments in which specific tropical and subtropical systems are either at or above sustained wind speeds of 39 mph (63 km/h), which is the threshold for tropical storm intensity. Thus, tropical depressions are not included here.<ref name="ACE">{{cite report|work=[[Hurricane Research Division]]; [[Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory]]|publisher=[[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]|date=September 2021|title=Atlantic basin Comparison of Original and Revised HURDAT|access-date=October 1, 2021|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/comparison_table.html|location=Miami, Florida}}</ref>
== Timeline ==
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from:01/09/1911 till:01/10/1911 text:September
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== Systems ==
{{Clear}}
=== Tropical Storm One ===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=Atl
|Image=One 1911-08-06 weather map.jpg
|Track=1911 Atlantic tropical storm 1 track.png
|Formed=August 4
|Dissipated=August 12
|1-min winds=50
|Pressure=<1007
}}
Identified by its lack of associated [[weather front|frontal boundaries]] and closed circulation center, the first tropical cyclone of the 1911 season formed on August 4 over southern [[Alabama]] in the [[United States]].<ref name="HURDAT2">{{cite web|author=Landsea, Chris|title=Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT – 2005 Changes/Additions for 1911 to 1914|year=2005|publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Hurricane Research Division|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_1911-14.html|access-date=March 1, 2011|display-authors=etal}}</ref> At only tropical depression strength, it tracked eastward and emerged into the [[Atlantic Ocean]] the next day. Several days later, while located near [[Bermuda]], the depression became a tropical storm and turned northeastward. The storm lasted several more days until dissipating on August 11.<ref name="HURDAT1">{{cite web|author=Hurricane Specialists Unit|publisher=National Hurricane Center|year=2010|access-date=April 29, 2010|title=Easy to Read HURDAT 1851–2009|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/easyread-2009.html| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100413163306/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/easyread-2009.html| archive-date= 13 April 2010 | url-status= live}}</ref> The storm produced heavy rainfall on the Bermuda, but no gale-force winds were reported. The storm was unknown until the 2005 Atlantic hurricane database revision recognized it as a tropical storm.<ref name="HURDAT2" />
{{Clear}}
=== Hurricane Two ===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=Atl
|Image=Two 1911-08-12 weather map.jpg
|Track=1911 Atlantic hurricane 2 track.png
|Formed=August 8
|Dissipated=August 14
|1-min winds=70
|Pressure=982
}}
Based on ship observations in the southeastern [[Gulf of Mexico]], a [[low-pressure area]] developed north of [[Key West]] in early August.<ref name=Metadata>{{cite web|title=Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT |url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_master.html |publisher=National Hurricane Center |access-date=August 9, 2014 |author=Landsea, Chris |date=April 2014 |display-authors=etal |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604063810/http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/metadata_master.html |archive-date=June 4, 2011 }}</ref> It [[tropical cyclogenesis|developed]] into a [[tropical cyclone#Classification|tropical depression]] at 12:00 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]] on August 8,{{Atlantic hurricane best track}} and strengthened into a [[tropical cyclone#Classification|tropical storm]] at 06:00 UTC on August 9 while moving northwestward off the west coast of Florida.{{Atlantic hurricane best track}} Gradual intensification continued, and at 06:00 UTC on August 11 the storm strengthened to hurricane status.{{Atlantic hurricane best track}} At 22:00 UTC on August 11, the hurricane reached its peak intensity and concurrently made [[landfall]] near the border between [[Alabama]] and [[Florida]] as a small tropical cyclone.<ref name=Metadata /> During this time, the storm's [[maximum sustained wind]]s were estimated at 80 mph (130 km/h), making it the equivalent of a Category 1 hurricane on the modern day [[Saffir–Simpson scale|Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale]].{{Atlantic hurricane best track}} A lull in the storm accompanied the nearby passage of its [[eye (cyclone)|eye]] before conditions once again deteriorated.<ref name="MWR2">{{cite journal|volume = 39|issue = 8|journal = [[Monthly Weather Review]]|pages = 1149–1150|date = August 1911|access-date = April 29, 2010|title = The Small Hurricane of August 11–12, 1911 at Pensacola, FLA|url = http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/039/mwr-039-08-1149.pdf|author = Reed, W. F.|bibcode = 1911MWRv...39.1149R|doi = 10.1175/1520-0493(1911)39<1149:TSHOAA>2.0.CO;2|issn = 1520-0493|doi-access = free}}</ref> Although the lowest [[atmospheric pressure|barometric pressure]] measured on land was 1007 [[bar (unit)|mbar]] ([[pascal (unit)|hPa]]; 29.74 [[inch of mercury|inHg]]) in [[Pensacola, Florida]], the storm's pressure was estimated to be much lower at 982 mbar (hPa: 29.00 inHg).<ref name=Metadata /> After making landfall, the hurricane weakened and slowly drifted westward, weakening to a tropical depression over [[Louisiana]] on August 13, before dissipating over [[Arkansas]] by 12:00 UTC the next day.{{Atlantic hurricane best track}}
While developing in the Gulf of Mexico, the tropical cyclone brought light rainfall to Key West, amounting to {{convert|1.82|in|mm|abbr=on}} over two days.<ref name=Observations>{{cite web|author1=Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory|title=Observations for 1911 Storm #2|url=http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/hrd/hurdat/centerfix.html|website=Raw Tropical Storm/Hurricane Observations|publisher={{NOAA-NWS}}|access-date=August 9, 2014|format=.xls}}</ref> The hurricane's outer [[rainband]]s affected the [[Florida Panhandle|Florida panhandle]] as early as August 10, producing winds as strong as {{convert|80|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} in Pensacola,<ref name=Metadata /> where it was considered the worst since [[1906 Mississippi hurricane|1906]].<ref name=BigStormHits>{{cite news|title=Big Storm Hits State Of Florida|url=https://www.newspapers.com/image/57061527/?terms=hurricane|access-date=11 August 2014|work=Morning Tribune|date=August 11, 1911|location=Altoona, Pennsylvania|page=1|via=[[Ancestry.com#Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref> During the afternoon of August 11, the [[National Weather Service|United States Weather Bureau]] issued [[tropical cyclone warnings and watches|storm warnings]] for coastal areas of the [[gulf Coast of the United States|gulf coast]] where the hurricane was expected to impact.<ref name="MWR">{{cite journal|author1 = Reed, W.F.|title = The Small Hurricane Of August 11–12, 1911, At Pensacola, FLA|journal = Monthly Weather Review|date = August 1911|volume = 39|issue = 8|pages = 1149–1151|doi = 10.1175/1520-0493(1911)39<1149:TSHOAA>2.0.CO;2|url = http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/039/mwr-039-08-1149.pdf|access-date = August 9, 2014|bibcode = 1911MWRv...39.1149R|doi-access = free}}</ref> Upon making landfall, the storm brought heavy precipitation, peaking at {{convert|10|in|mm|abbr=on}} in [[Molino, Florida]], although the heaviest rainfall was localized from Mississippi to central Alabama.<ref name=rainfall>{{cite report|title=Rainfall Associated With Hurricanes (And Other Tropical Disturbances)|url=http://www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov/tropical/rain/1956NHRPreportNo3.pdf|publisher=United States Weather Bureau's National Hurricane Research Project|access-date=August 9, 2014|author=Schoner, R.W.|author2=Molansky, S.|page=81}}</ref> Some washouts occurred during brief episodes of heavy rain as the storm drifted westward after landfall.<ref name=MWR /> Strong winds in the Pensacola area downed telecommunication lines and disrupted power,<ref name=PensacolaCutOff>{{cite news|title=Pensacola Is Cut Off World By Storm|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/845917/1911_pensacola_hurricane/?|access-date=11 August 2014|work=The Indianapolis News|date=August 12, 1911|location=Indianapolis, Indiana|volume=42|issue=114|page=1|via=[[Ancestry.com#Newspapers.com|Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref> cutting off communication to outside areas for 24 hours.<ref name="NYT">{{cite news|title=Pensacola Storm Loss Big.; No Lives Lost in City, but Much Damage to Property.|date=August 13, 1911|work=The New York Times|access-date=April 29, 2010|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/08/13/archives/pensacola-storm-loss-big-no-lives-lost-in-city-but-much-damage-to.html}}</ref> A pavilion on [[Santa Rosa Island (Florida)|Santa Rosa Island]] had a third of its roof torn, and some other buildings inland were also unroofed. Offshore, twelve barges were grounded after being swept by the rough surf. Heavy losses were reported to timber after they were swept away when [[log boom]]s failed.<ref name=BigStormHits /> Damage figures from the Pensacola area were conservatively estimated at [[United States dollar|US$]]12,600,<ref name=MWR /> considered lighter than expected, although there were some deaths.<ref name="NYT" />
{{Clear}}
=== Hurricane Three ===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=Atl
|Image=Three 1911-08-28 weather map.jpg
|Track=1911 Atlantic hurricane 3 track.png
|Formed=August 23
|Dissipated=August 30
|1-min winds=85
|Pressure=972
}}
Over a week after the dissipation of the previous hurricane, the third storm of the season developed on August 23 and slowly tracked west-northwestward. After attaining hurricane status, the storm turned more towards the northwest, and several days later reached its peak wind speeds of 100 mph (155 km/h); a barometric pressure of 972 mbar (hPa) was reported.<ref name="HURDAT1" /> The center passed inland a few miles north of [[Savannah, Georgia]], on August 28; upon making landfall, the hurricane rapidly degenerated.<ref name="MWR2" /> It deteriorated into a tropical depression on August 29 and persisted over land until dissipating a couple of days later.<ref name="HURDAT1" />
The hurricane, relatively small in size, caused widespread damage between Savannah and [[Charleston, South Carolina]]. Savannah itself received only minor damage, although the storm's center passed close by. Along the coast of [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]], torrential rainfall caused numerous washouts on railroads. Crops, livestock and roads in the area took heavy damage. At Charleston, winds were estimated at {{convert|106|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} after an [[anemometer]], last reporting {{convert|94|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}, failed, and {{convert|4.90|in|mm|abbr=on}} of precipitation fell over three days.<ref name="MWR2" />
The storm raged for more than 36 hours, causing severe damage;<ref>{{cite news|title=Charleston in Grip of Fatal Hurricane; At Least Seven Lives Taken and $1,000,000 Damage Done by Wind and Water.|date=August 29, 1911|work=The New York Times|access-date=April 29, 2010|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1911/08/29/archives/charleston-in-grip-of-fatal-hurricane-at-least-seven-lives-taken.html}}</ref> the winds unroofed hundreds of buildings, demolished many houses and had an extensive impact on power and telephone services. Tides {{convert|10.6|ft|m|abbr=on}} above normal left a "confused mass of wrecked vessels and damaged wharfs", according to a local forecaster in Charleston,<ref name="MWR2" /> while six navy torpedo boats were ripped from their moorings and blown ashore.<ref>{{cite news|title=Wind Hurls Ships Ashore Like Toys|date=August 30, 1911|work=The Nevada Daily|access-date=April 29, 2010|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=zGsfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=PdUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1999,2090855&dq=hurricane+charleston&hl=en}}</ref> In total, 17 people were killed in the hurricane, and property damage in Charleston was estimated at $1 million (1911 USD, ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|1000000|1911}}}} 2014 USD).<ref name="MWR2" />
{{Clear}}
=== Hurricane Four ===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=Atl
|Image=1911 Atlantic hurricane 4.jpg
|Track=1911 Atlantic hurricane 4 track.png
|Formed=September 3
|Dissipated=September 12
|1-min winds=85
|Pressure=<990
}}
The next storm formed well to the east of the [[Lesser Antilles]] on September 3 and moved westward, attaining tropical storm status about a day later. The storm slowed and curved toward the southwest, nearing the northern coast of [[Colombia]] before pulling away from land and strengthening into a hurricane. It further intensified to Category 2 status before striking [[Nicaragua]] on September 10. Quickly weakening to a tropical storm, the cyclone continued westward across [[Central America]] and briefly entered the eastern [[Pacific Ocean]]. It dissipated shortly thereafter.<ref name="HURDAT1" /> In the town of [[Corinto, Nicaragua|Corinto]], a report indicated the deaths of 10 people and 50 additional injuries. About 250 houses were destroyed, leaving approximately $2 million (1911 USD, ${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|2000000|1911}}}} 2014 USD) in damage.<ref name="MWR4">{{cite journal|volume = 39|issue = 9|page = 1453|journal = [[Monthly Weather Review]]|date = September 1911|access-date = April 29, 2010|title = Weather, Forecasts and Warnings for the Month|url = http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1911.pdf|author = Bowe, Edward H|bibcode = 1911MWRv...39.1453B|doi = 10.1175/1520-0493(1911)39<1453:WFAWFT>2.0.CO;2|issn = 1520-0493|doi-access = free}}</ref> Data on this storm is extremely scarce; as such, only minor revisions could be made to its chronology in the hurricane database.<ref name="HURDAT2" />
{{Clear}}
=== Tropical Storm Five ===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=Atl
|Image=1911 Atlantic tropical storm 5.jpg
|Track=1911 Atlantic tropical storm 5 track.png
|Formed=September 15
|Dissipated=September 19
|1-min winds=55
|Pressure=<995
}}
The fifth official tropical cyclone of the year was also previously unknown until contemporary reassessments. It exhibited some hybrid characteristics, and may have qualified for [[subtropical cyclone]] status according to the modern classification scheme.<ref name="HURDAT2" /> On September 15, the storm formed over the central Atlantic and initially moved westward. It gradually intensified as it turned northwestward, and on September 19 it transitioned into an [[extratropical cyclone]] southeast of [[New England]].<ref name="HURDAT1" /> The system was subsequently absorbed by a more powerful frontal boundary approaching from the northwest.<ref name="HURDAT2" />
{{Clear}}
=== Tropical Storm Six ===
{{Infobox Hurricane Small
|Basin=Atl
|Image=1911 Atlantic tropical storm 6.jpg
|Track=1911 Atlantic tropical storm 6 track.png
|Formed=October 26
|Dissipated=October 31
|1-min winds=45
|Pressure=<1006
}}
The final storm was first observed as a disturbance near [[Puerto Rico]] in the [[Caribbean Sea]] in late October.<ref name="MWR6">{{cite journal|volume = 39|issue = 10|pages = 1617–1620|author = Frankenfield, H. C.|journal = [[Monthly Weather Review]]|date = October 1911|access-date = April 29, 2010|title = Weather, Forecasts and Warnings, October, 1911|url = http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/mwr/039/mwr-039-10-1617.pdf|bibcode = 1911MWRv...39.1617F|doi = 10.1175/1520-0493(1911)39<1617:WFAWO>2.0.CO;2|doi-access = free}}</ref> The disturbance was the precursor to a tropical depression which developed over the southern [[The Bahamas|Bahamas]] and headed west-southwestward across [[Cuba]],<ref name="HURDAT1" /> where, at [[Havana]], winds blew from the southeast at {{convert|44|mph|km/h|abbr=on}}.<ref name="MWR6" /> It became a tropical storm on October 27 and drifted southwestward. Near the eastern tip of the [[Yucatán Peninsula]], the storm turned sharply northward.<ref name="HURDAT1" /> An area of [[high-pressure area|high pressure]] over the [[United States]] prevented the cyclone from turning eastward toward Florida, and it continued into the [[Gulf of Mexico]]. However, on October 31, the storm curved eastward and moved ashore over northern Florida. The storm decreased in intensity as it passed into the Atlantic.<ref name="MWR6" /> The storm's circulation center remained poorly defined throughout its course. It was long believed to have developed south of Cuba, although a reevaluation of ship data indicated the depression had actually formed east of the island.<ref name="HURDAT2" /> On October 26, the Weather Bureau hoisted hurricane warnings along the east coast of Florida from [[Key West]] to [[West Palm Beach, Florida|West Palm Beach]], and on the west coast up to [[Tampa, Florida|Tampa]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Hurricane Off Florida Coast|date=October 26, 1911|newspaper=The New York Times|access-date=March 3, 2011|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1911/10/27/104840866.pdf}}</ref>
{{Clear}}
=== Tropical depressions ===
In addition to the six officially recognized tropical storms and hurricanes, three tropical depressions in the 1911 season have been identified. The first developed in February from a [[trough (meteorology)|trough]] of low pressure in the open Atlantic and progressed westward. Although a ship dubiously reported winds of over {{convert|50|mph|km/h|abbr=on}} in association with the system, a lack of supporting evidence precludes its designation as a tropical storm. The cyclone dissipated by February 21. The second depression evolved from an [[extratropical cyclone]] in mid- to late May, becoming a tropical cyclone on May 22 northeast of Bermuda. It persisted for three days as it meandered around the same general area before being absorbed by another non-tropical storm. The modern-day documentation of this system was also hindered by a lack of data. On December 11, the third tropical depression formed near the [[Turks and Caicos Islands]]. It progressed westward and was situated just north of eastern Cuba the next day. The system began to weaken on December 13 and dissipated shortly thereafter.<ref name="HURDAT2" />
== See also ==
{{Portal|Tropical cyclones}}
* [[1900–1940 South Pacific cyclone seasons]]
* [[1900–1950 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone seasons]]
* [[1910s Australian region cyclone seasons]]
== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}
== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/general/lib/lib1/nhclib/mwreviews/1911.pdf Monthly Weather Review]
{{TC Decades|Year=1910|basin=Atlantic|type=hurricane}}
{{Tropical cyclone season|1911}}
{{featured article}}
[[Category:1910s Atlantic hurricane seasons| ]]
[[Category:Articles which contain graphical timelines]]
[[Category:1911 meteorology]]
[[Category:1911 natural disasters]]
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[{"title": "Seasonal boundaries", "data": {"First system formed": "February 19, 1911", "Last system dissipated": "December 13, 1911"}}, {"title": "Strongest storm", "data": {"Name": "Three", "\u2022 Maximum winds": "100 mph (155 km/h) \u00b7 (1-minute sustained)", "\u2022 Lowest pressure": "972 mbar (hPa; 28.7 inHg)"}}, {"title": "Seasonal statistics", "data": {"Total depressions": "9", "Total storms": "6", "Hurricanes": "3", "Total fatalities": ">27", "Total damage": "$3 million (1911 USD)"}}, {"title": "Related articles", "data": {"Related articles": "- 1910\u201319 Pacific hurricane seasons - 1902-19 Pacific typhoon seasons - 1910s North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons"}}, {"title": "", "data": {"Duration": "August 4 \u2013 August 12", "Peak intensity": "60 mph (95 km/h) (1-min); \u00b7 <1007 mbar (hPa)"}}, {"title": "", "data": {"Duration": "August 8 \u2013 August 14", "Peak intensity": "80 mph (130 km/h) (1-min); \u00b7 982 mbar (hPa)"}}, {"title": "", "data": {"Duration": "August 23 \u2013 August 30", "Peak intensity": "100 mph (155 km/h) (1-min); \u00b7 972 mbar (hPa)"}}, {"title": "", "data": {"Duration": "September 3 \u2013 September 12", "Peak intensity": "100 mph (155 km/h) (1-min); \u00b7 <990 mbar (hPa)"}}, {"title": "", "data": {"Duration": "September 15 \u2013 September 19", "Peak intensity": "65 mph (100 km/h) (1-min); \u00b7 <995 mbar (hPa)"}}, {"title": "", "data": {"Duration": "October 26 \u2013 October 31", "Peak intensity": "50 mph (85 km/h) (1-min); \u00b7 <1006 mbar (hPa)"}}]
| false |
# 1700 in poetry
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).
## Works published
- Sir Richard Blackmore — A Satyr Against Wit, published anonymously; an attack on the "Wits", including John Dryden[1]
- Samuel Cobb — Poetae Britannici his most famous poem, a survey of previous English poetry in a light style, clear diction, and imagery that later critics like John Nichols considered "sublime"
- Daniel Defoe — The Pacificator, published anonymously, verse satire in the literary war between the "Men of Sense" and the "Men of Wit"[1]
- John Dryden — Fables, Ancient and Modern, the poet's final anthology
- William King — The Transactioneer With Some of his Philosophical Fancies, published anonymously, a satire on Sir Hans Sloane, editor of the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society[1]
- John Pomfret — Reason[1]
- Nahum Tate — Panacea, a poem upon tea[1]
- John Tutchin — The Foreigners, published anonymously; provoked a reply from Daniel Defoe in The True-Born Englishman in 1701[1]
- Edward Ward — The Reformer, published anonymously[1]
- Samuel Wesley — An Epistle to a Friend concerning Poetry
- Thomas Yalden — The Temple of Fame
- Anonymous — Jaħasra Mingħajr Ħtija, Gozo
## Births
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
- February 2 – Johann Christoph Gottsched (died 1766), German poet
- January 14 – Christian Friedrich Henrici (died 1764), German poet
- May 26 – Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf (died 1760), German poet
- September 11 – James Thomson (died 1748), Scottish poet
- September 30 – Stanisław Konarski, born Hieronim Konarski (died 1773), Polish pedagogue, educational reformer, political writer, poet, dramatist, Piarist friar and precursor of the Polish Enlightenment
- October 13 – Phanuel Bacon (died 1783) English playwright, poet and author[1]
- Also – David French (died 1742), English Colonial American poet[2]
- Year uncertain – Richard Lewis (died 1734), English Colonial American poet[2]
## Deaths
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
- March 14 – Henry Killigrew (born 1613), English clergyman, poet and playwright
- May 12 – John Dryden (born 1631), English poet, former Poet Laureate
- July 19 – Thomas Creech (born 1659), English translator of classical poetry, found dead this day from suicide
- November 16 – Jamie Macpherson (born 1675), Scottish outlaw, famed for his lament, hanged
- Also:
- Francisco Antonio de Fuentes y Guzmán (born 1643), Guatemalan historian and poet
- Bahinabai (born 1628), Maharashtran Varkari female poet-saint
- Edward Howard died about this year (born 1624), English playwright and poet, brother of Sir Robert Howard[1]
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Q4552304
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1700|poetry|literature}}
Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, [[Irish poetry|Irish]] or [[French poetry|France]]).
==Events==
{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
==Works published==
* Sir [[Richard Blackmore]] — ''A Satyr Against Wit'', published anonymously; an attack on the "Wits", including [[John Dryden]]<ref name=cocel>{{cite book|editor=Cox, Michael|title=The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2004|isbn=0-19-860634-6|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/conciseoxfordchr00coxm}}</ref>
* [[Samuel Cobb (poet)|Samuel Cobb]] — ''Poetae Britannici'' his most famous poem, a survey of previous English poetry in a light style, clear diction, and imagery that later critics like [[John Nichols (printer)|John Nichols]] considered "sublime"
[[Image:John Dryden portrait.jpg|thumb|right|150px|[[John Dryden]] died this year]]
* [[Daniel Defoe]] — ''The Pacificator'', published anonymously, verse satire in the literary war between the "Men of Sense" and the "Men of Wit"<ref name=cocel/>
* [[John Dryden]] — ''[[Fables, Ancient and Modern]]'', the poet's final anthology
* [[William King (poet)|William King]] — ''The Transactioneer With Some of his Philosophical Fancies'', published anonymously, a satire on Sir [[Hans Sloane]], editor of the ''[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society]]''<ref name=cocel/>
* [[John Pomfret (poet)|John Pomfret]] — ''Reason''<ref name=cocel/>
* [[Nahum Tate]] — ''Panacea, a poem upon tea''<ref name=cocel/>
* [[John Tutchin]] — ''The Foreigners'', published anonymously; provoked a reply from [[Daniel Defoe]] in ''The True-Born Englishman'' in [[1701 in poetry|1701]]<ref name=cocel/>
* [[Ned Ward|Edward Ward]] — ''The Reformer'', published anonymously<ref name=cocel/>
* [[Samuel Wesley (poet, died 1735)|Samuel Wesley]] — ''An Epistle to a Friend concerning Poetry''
* [[Thomas Yalden]] — ''The Temple of Fame''
* Anonymous — ''Jaħasra Mingħajr Ħtija'', [[Maltese literature|Gozo]]
==Births==
Death years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
* February 2 – [[Johann Christoph Gottsched]] (died [[1766 in poetry|1766]]), [[German poetry|German]] poet
* January 14 – [[Christian Friedrich Henrici]] (died [[1764 in poetry|1764]]), [[German poetry|German]] poet
* May 26 – [[Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf]] (died [[1760 in poetry|1760]]), [[German poetry|German]] poet
* September 11 – [[James Thomson (poet, born 1700)|James Thomson]] (died [[1748 in poetry|1748]]), [[Scottish literature|Scottish]] poet
* September 30 – [[Stanisław Konarski]], born Hieronim Konarski (died [[1773 in poetry|1773]]), [[Polish poetry|Polish]] pedagogue, educational reformer, political writer, poet, dramatist, Piarist friar and precursor of the Polish Enlightenment
* October 13 – [[Phanuel Bacon]] (died [[1783 in poetry|1783]]) [[English poetry|English]] playwright, poet and author<ref name=cocel/>
* Also – [[David French (poet)|David French]] (died [[1742 in poetry|1742]]), [[English poetry|English]] Colonial [[American poetry|American]] poet<ref name=dbcal>{{cite book|last=Burt|first=Daniel S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VQ0fgo5v6e0C|title=The Chronology of American Literature: America's literary achievements from the colonial era to modern times|publisher=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt|year=2004|isbn=978-0-618-16821-7}} Retrieved via Google Books.</ref>
* Year uncertain – [[Richard Lewis (poet)|Richard Lewis]] (died [[1734 in poetry|1734]]), [[English poetry|English]] Colonial [[American poetry|American]] poet<ref name=dbcal/>
==Deaths==
Birth years link to the corresponding "[year] in poetry" article:
* March 14 – [[Henry Killigrew (playwright)|Henry Killigrew]] (born [[1613 in poetry|1613]]), [[English poetry|English]] clergyman, poet and playwright
* May 12 – [[John Dryden]] (born [[1631 in poetry|1631]]), [[English poetry|English]] poet, former [[Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom|Poet Laureate]]
* July 19 – [[Thomas Creech]] (born [[1659 in poetry|1659]]), [[English poetry|English]] translator of classical poetry, found dead this day from suicide
* November 16 – [[Jamie Macpherson]] (born [[1675 in poetry|1675]]), [[Scottish poetry|Scottish]] outlaw, famed for his [[lament]], hanged
*Also:
** [[Francisco Antonio de Fuentes y Guzmán]] (born [[1643 in poetry|1643]]), Guatemalan historian and poet
** [[Bahinabai]] (born [[1628 in poetry|1628]]), [[Maharashtra]]n [[Varkari]] female poet-saint
** [[Edward Howard (playwright)|Edward Howard]] died about this year (born [[1624 in poetry|1624]]), [[English poetry|English]] playwright and poet, brother of Sir [[Robert Howard (playwright)|Robert Howard]]<ref name=cocel/>
==See also==
{{portal|poetry}}
* [[Poetry]]
* [[List of years in poetry]]
* [[17th century in poetry]]
* [[17th century in literature]]
* [[18th century in poetry]]
* [[18th century in literature]]
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{Poetry of different cultures and languages}}
{{Lists of poets}}
[[Category:17th-century poetry]]
[[Category:1700|Poetry]]
| 1,231,331,879 |
[]
| false |
# 1892 in Australia
The following lists events that happened during 1892 in Australia.
## Incumbents
### Premiers
- Premier of New South Wales – George Dibbs
- Premier of South Australia – Thomas Playford II (until 21 June), Frederick Holder (until 15 October), then John Downer
- Premier of Queensland – Samuel Griffith
- Premier of Tasmania – Philip Fysh (until 17 August) then Henry Dobson
- Premier of Western Australia – John Forrest
- Premier of Victoria – James Munro (until 16 February), then William Shiels
### Governors
- Governor of New South Wales – Victor Child Villiers, 7th Earl of Jersey
- Governor of Queensland – Henry Wylie Norman
- Governor of South Australia – Algernon Keith-Falconer, 9th Earl of Kintore
- Governor of Tasmania – Robert Hamilton until 30 November, vacant thereafter
- Governor of Victoria – John Hope, 1st Marquess of Linlithgow
- Governor of Western Australia – William C. F. Robinson
## Events
- 20 April – Victoria holds a general election.
- 23 May – Frederick Deeming hanged at Melbourne Gaol having been unsuccessfully defended by the lawyer Alfred Deakin.[1] Deeming was accused of committing a series of crimes on three continents – theft, perjury, fraud, bigamy and murder; he used at least 20 aliases.
- 10 October – Jackie Howe shears a total of 321 sheep in 7 hours and 40 minutes at Blackall, Queensland, a record for hand shears that still stands.[2]
- 1 January – Physical Culture (Physie) started in Australia.
## Sport
- 5 October – the Australian Cricket Council announces an intercolonial cricket competition to be known as the Sheffield Shield.
- Glenloth wins the Melbourne Cup
- Collingwood Football Club was founded
## Births
- 13 April – Gladys Moncrieff (died 1976), singer
- 20 April – Grace Cossington Smith, (died 1984), artist
- 6 July – John Simpson Kirkpatrick (died 1915), World War I ANZAC known as "the man with the donkey"
- 7 August – Sir Arthur Coles (died 1982), businessman and philanthropist
- 24 November – Sir Daniel McVey (died 1972), public servant[3]
- 8 December – Bert Hinkler (died 1933), aviator
## Deaths
- 10 May – Barcroft Boake (born 1866), poet
- 7 November – John Morphett (born 1809), explorer, settler and politician
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{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use Australian English|date=April 2011}}
{{Year in region
| year = 1892
| region = Australia
| error = '''Template:Year in Australia''': Parameter 1=''year'' required!
| image = Flag of the United Kingdom.svg
| image_size = 90px
| see_also =
* [[1892|Other events of 1892]]
* [[History of Australia|Timeline of Australian history]]
}}
The following lists events that happened during '''1892 in Australia'''.
==Incumbents==
===Premiers===
*[[Premiers of New South Wales|Premier of New South Wales]] – [[George Dibbs]]
*[[Premiers of South Australia|Premier of South Australia]] – [[Thomas Playford II]] (until 21 June), [[Frederick Holder]] (until 15 October), then [[John Downer]]
*[[Premiers of Queensland|Premier of Queensland]] – [[Samuel Griffith]]
*[[Premiers of Tasmania|Premier of Tasmania]] – [[Philip Fysh]] (until 17 August) then [[Henry Dobson]]
*[[Premier of Western Australia]] – [[John Forrest]]
*[[Premiers of Victoria|Premier of Victoria]] – [[James Munro (Australian politician)|James Munro]] (until 16 February), then [[William Shiels]]
===Governors===
*[[Governor of New South Wales]] – [[Victor Child Villiers, 7th Earl of Jersey]]
*[[Governor of Queensland]] – [[Henry Wylie Norman]]
*[[Governor of South Australia]] – [[Algernon Keith-Falconer, 9th Earl of Kintore]]
*[[Governor of Tasmania]] – [[Robert Hamilton (civil servant)|Robert Hamilton]] until 30 November, vacant thereafter
*[[Governor of Victoria]] – [[John Hope, 1st Marquess of Linlithgow]]
*[[Governor of Western Australia]] – [[William C. F. Robinson]]
==Events==
* 20 April – [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] holds a general election.
* 23 May – [[Frederick Bailey Deeming|Frederick Deeming]] hanged at [[Melbourne Gaol]] having been unsuccessfully defended by the lawyer [[Alfred Deakin]].<ref name="ADB">{{cite Australian Dictionary of Biography |last=Jones |first=Barry O. |id=A080288b |title=Deeming, Frederick Bailey (1853–1892) |year=1981 |isbn=978-0-522-84459-7 |volume=8 |location=Melbourne, Australia |pages=268–269 |accessdate=15 September 2008}}</ref> Deeming was accused of committing a series of crimes on three continents – [[theft]], [[perjury]], [[fraud]], [[Polygamy#Bigamy|bigamy]] and [[murder]]; he used at least 20 [[Pseudonym|alias]]es.
* 10 October – [[Jackie Howe]] shears a total of 321 sheep in 7 hours and 40 minutes at [[Blackall, Queensland]], a record for hand shears that still stands.<ref>{{cite news |date=12 October 2015 |title=Legend of Jackie Howe lives on 123 years after shearing record |newspaper=ABC News |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2015-10-12/jackie-howe-blackall-123years-record/6845692 |url-status=live |accessdate=2018-03-02 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180305073220/http://www.abc.net.au/news/rural/2015-10-12/jackie-howe-blackall-123years-record/6845692 |archivedate=2018-03-05}}</ref>
<!-- ==Science & Technology== -->
* 1 January – Physical Culture (Physie) started in Australia.
==Arts and literature==
{{main|1892 in Australian literature}}
==Sport==
* 5 October – the Australian Cricket Council announces an [[intercolonial cricket in Australia|intercolonial cricket competition]] to be known as the [[Sheffield Shield]].
* ''Glenloth'' wins the [[Melbourne Cup]]
* [[Collingwood Football Club]] was founded
==Births==
* 13 April – [[Gladys Moncrieff]] (died 1976), singer
* 20 April – [[Grace Cossington Smith]], (died 1984), artist
* 6 July – [[John Simpson Kirkpatrick]] (died 1915), World War I [[Australian and New Zealand Army Corps|ANZAC]] known as "the man with the donkey" [http://www.adb.online.anu.edu.au/biogs/A090613b.htm]
* 7 August – Sir [[Arthur Coles]] (died 1982), businessman and philanthropist
* 24 November – Sir [[Daniel McVey]] (died 1972), public servant<ref>[https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/mcvey-sir-daniel-11029 Sir Daniel McVey (1892–1972)]</ref>
* 8 December – [[Bert Hinkler]] (died 1933), aviator
==Deaths==
* 10 May – [[Barcroft Boake (poet)|Barcroft Boake]] (born 1866), poet
* 7 November – [[John Morphett]] (born 1809), explorer, settler and politician
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Years in Australia}}
{{Oceania topic|1892 in|countries_only=yes}}
[[Category:1892 in Australia| ]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in Australia]]
| 1,241,088,612 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1891 - 1890 - 1889": "1892 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Australia \u00b7 \u2192 - 1893 - 1894 - 1895", "Decades": "1870s 1880s 1890s 1900s 1910s", "See also": "Other events of 1892 Timeline of Australian history"}}]
| false |
# 1780 in Portugal
Events in the year 1780 in Portugal.
## Incumbents
- Monarch: Mary I
## Events
- 16 January – Battle of Cape St. Vincent, a naval battle off the southern coast of Portugal during the Anglo-Spanish War. A British fleet defeated a Spanish squadron.
## Births
- 10 May – José Homem Correia Teles, judge and politician (d. 1849).[1]
- 20 May – José Bernardino de Portugal e Castro, marquis (d. 1840)
- 12 July – Mouzinho da Silveira, statesman, jurist and politician (d. 1849)
## Deaths
- 18 January – Gaspar of Braganza, Archbishop of Braga (b. 1714)
- 23 October – João da Bemposta (b. 1726)
### Full date missing
- Abade António da Costa, composer (b. 1714)
- Miguel António do Amaral, court painter (b. 1710)
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{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
{{Year in Portugal|1780}}
Events in the year '''1780 in [[Portugal]]'''.
==Incumbents==
*[[List of Portuguese monarchs|Monarch]]: [[Maria I of Portugal|Mary I]]
==Events==
[[File:Holman, Cape St Vincent.jpg|200 px|thumb |right | The moonlight ''Battle off Cape St Vincent, 16 January 1780'' by [[Francis Holman]], painted 1780, shows the ''Santo Domingo'' exploding, with [[George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney|Rodney]]'s flagship {{HMS|Sandwich|1759|2}} in the foreground. ]]
*16 January – [[Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1780)|Battle of Cape St. Vincent]], a naval battle off the southern coast of Portugal during the [[Spain and the American Revolutionary War|Anglo-Spanish War]]. A British fleet defeated a Spanish squadron.
==Births==
*10 May – [[José Homem Correia Teles]], judge and politician (d. 1849).<ref>{{Cite web |language =pt |website = cm-estarreja.pt
|url =http://www.cm-estarreja.pt/main/municipio.php?indiv=23 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20071119071035/http://www.cm-estarreja.pt/main/municipio.php?indiv=23 |url-status =dead |archive-date =19 November 2007 |title= José Homem Correia Teles |access-date=5 July 2018 }}</ref>
*20 May – [[José Bernardino de Portugal e Castro]], marquis (d. 1840)
*12 July – [[Mouzinho da Silveira]], statesman, jurist and politician (d. 1849)
==Deaths==
*18 January – [[Gaspar of Braganza, Archbishop of Braga]] (b. 1714)
*23 October – [[João da Bemposta]] (b. 1726)
===Full date missing ===
*[[Abade António da Costa]], composer (b. 1714)
*[[Miguel António do Amaral]], court painter (b. 1710)
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Years in Portugal}}
{{Year in Europe|1780}}
[[Category:1780 in Portugal| ]]
[[Category:1780s in Portugal]]
[[Category:1780 in Europe|Portugal]]
[[Category:Years of the 18th century in Portugal]]
[[Category:1780 by country|Portugal]]
| 1,266,147,271 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1779 - 1778 - 1777": "1780 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Portugal \u00b7 \u2192 - 1781 - 1782 - 1783", "Centuries": "16th 17th 18th 19th 20th", "Decades": "1760s 1770s 1780s 1790s 1800s", "See also": "List of years in Portugal"}}]
| false |
# 1923 Prime Minister Honours
The 1923 Prime Minister Honours were announced on 8 February 1923, the list of political appointments was recommended by the Prime Minister Bonar Law. The list was not issued as part of the 1923 New Year Honours as it was delayed to allow scrutiny by a Privy Council committee following a recommendation of a Royal Commission on Honours. It was sometimes known as the "Short Honours List".
## Viscount
- Sir George Younger, Bt., Chairman of the Unionist Party Organisation since 1 January 1917.[1]
## Baron
- Rt Hon Herbert Pike Pease MP for Darlington and Assistant Postmaster-General 1915-1922.[1]
- Sir Owen Philipps GCMG who was an MP from 1906 to 1922.[1]
## Privy Councillor
- John Frederick Peel Rawlinson KC, MP for Cambridge University since 1906.[1]
## Baronets
- Lieutenant-Colonel Sir James Philip Reynolds, DSO, TD, JP for public and political services in Lancashire.[1]
- Colonel Charles Rosdew Burn, MP for Torquay since 1919.[1]
- Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Frederick Hall, KBE, DSO, MP for Dulwich since 1910.[1]
- Joseph Henry Kaye for public and political services in Huddersfield.[1]
## Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE)
- Sir John Malcolm Fraser, Bt., Honorary Principal Agent for the Unionist Party.[1]
## Knight Bachelor
- Alfred Appleby, JP for public and political services in Newcastle upon Tyne.[1]
- Commander Walter George Windham, for public and political services.[1]
- George Wigley, for public and political services in Nottingham.[1]
- George Duncan Grey, LLD, for public and political services in Weston-super-Mare.[1]
- Ernest Gardner, MP from 1901 to 1922.[1]
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{{Short description|British government recognitions}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
The '''1923 Prime Minister Honours''' were announced on 8 February 1923, the list of political appointments was recommended by the [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] [[Bonar Law]]. The list was not issued as part of the [[1923 New Year Honours]] as it was delayed to allow scrutiny by a Privy Council committee following a recommendation of a Royal Commission on Honours.<ref name="times">"Three New Peers." Times [London, England] 8 Feb. 1923: 10. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 5 Sept. 2015.</ref> It was sometimes known as the "Short Honours List".
==Viscount==
* Sir [[George Younger, 1st Viscount Younger of Leckie|George Younger]], Bt., Chairman of the Unionist Party Organisation since 1 January 1917.<ref name="times" />
==Baron==
* Rt Hon [[Herbert Pease|Herbert Pike Pease]] MP for Darlington and Assistant Postmaster-General 1915-1922.<ref name="times" />
* Sir [[Owen Philipps, 1st Baron Kylsant|Owen Philipps]] GCMG who was an MP from 1906 to 1922.<ref name="times" />
==Privy Councillor==
* [[John Frederick Peel Rawlinson]] KC, MP for Cambridge University since 1906.<ref name="times" />
==Baronets==
* Lieutenant-Colonel Sir [[James Philip Reynolds]], DSO, TD, JP for public and political services in Lancashire.<ref name="times" />
* Colonel [[Charles Rosdew Burn]], MP for Torquay since 1919.<ref name="times" />
* Lieutenant-Colonel Sir [[Sir Frederick Hall, 1st Baronet|Frederick Hall]], KBE, DSO, MP for Dulwich since 1910.<ref name="times" />
* [[Joseph Henry Kaye]] for public and political services in Huddersfield.<ref name="times" />
==Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the British Empire (GBE)==
* Sir [[Sir Malcolm Fraser, 1st Baronet|John Malcolm Fraser]], Bt., Honorary Principal Agent for the Unionist Party.<ref name="times" />
==Knight Bachelor==
* Alfred Appleby, JP for public and political services in Newcastle upon Tyne.<ref name="times" />
* Commander [[Walter Windham|Walter George Windham]], for public and political services.<ref name="times" />
* George Wigley, for public and political services in Nottingham.<ref name="times" />
* George Duncan Grey, LLD, for public and political services in Weston-super-Mare.<ref name="times" />
* [[Ernest Gardner (politician)|Ernest Gardner]], MP from 1901 to 1922.<ref name="times" />
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Honours Lists}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Prime Minister Resignation 1945}}
[[Category:1923 in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1923 awards]]
[[Category:British honours system]]
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[]
| false |
# 1912–13 Sheffield Shield season
The 1912–13 Sheffield Shield season was the 21st season of the Sheffield Shield, the domestic first-class cricket competition of Australia. South Australia won the championship.
## Table
| Team | Pld | W | L | D | Pts |
| --------------- | --- | - | - | - | --- |
| South Australia | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| New South Wales | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Victoria | 4 | 1 | 3 | 0 | -2 |
## Fixtures
| 20–23 December 1912 Scorecard |
| (H) South Australia | v | New South Wales |
| 569 (141.3 overs) Edgar Mayne 124 Roy Minnett 2/77 (24 overs) | | 276 (89 overs) Herbie Collins 79 Percy Rundell 3/34 (10 overs) |
| | | 240 f/o (64 overs) Bert Folkard 61 Bill Whitty 4/37 (15 overs) |
- South Australia won the toss and elected to bat.
| 26–28 December 1912 Scorecard |
| New South Wales | v | Victoria (H) |
| 84 (47.1 overs) Victor Trumper 25 Jimmy Matthews 5/25 (16.1 overs) | | 181 (46.3 overs) Hughie Carroll 73 Sid Emery 4/48 (12.3 overs) |
| 232 (65.4 overs) Charles Barnes 53 Jack Ryder 6/44 (19.4 overs) | | 4/137 (43.4 overs) Fred Baring 42 Roy Minnett 3/40 (15 overs) |
- Victoria won the toss and elected to field.
| 1–3 January 1913 Scorecard |
| South Australia | v | Victoria (H) |
| 309 (90 overs) Jack Crawford 83 Jack Ryder 6/102 (28 overs) | | 229 (78 overs) Hughie Carroll 55 Leonard Chamberlain 3/36 (16 overs) |
| 128 (38.1 overs) Edgar Mayne 52 Jack Ryder 7/53 (19 overs) | | 140 (36.4 overs) Fred Baring 76 Bill Whitty 5/65 (16 overs) |
- South Australia won the toss and elected to bat.
| 10–14 January 1913 Scorecard |
| (H) New South Wales | v | South Australia |
| 513 (129.2 overs) Victor Trumper 201* Jack Crawford 3/124 (30 overs) | | 331 (79.5 overs) Clem Hill 138 Jack Massie 3/74 (21.5 overs) |
| 314 (83.2 overs) Charlie Macartney 96 Bill Whitty 5/92 (28.2 overs) | | 412 (102.3 overs) Johnny Moyes 95 Jack Massie 3/62 (27 overs) |
- New South Wales won the toss and elected to bat.
| 24–28 January 1913 Scorecard |
| Victoria | v | New South Wales (H) |
| 274 (80 overs) Warwick Armstrong 118* H. V. Hordern 4/69 (22 overs) | | 477 (117 overs) Eric Barbour 146 William Cannon 6/107 (23 overs) |
| 365 (104.5 overs) Jimmy Matthews 81 Jack Massie 7/110 (31 overs) | | 2/163 (36 overs) Charlie Macartney 76* Jack Ryder 1/47 (14 overs) |
- Victoria won the toss and elected to bat.
| 28 February – 4 March 1913 Scorecard |
| (H) South Australia | v | Victoria |
| 368 (111.2 overs) Jack Crawford 163 Jimmy Matthews 4/111 (40 overs) | | 209 (68.5 overs) Warwick Armstrong 72 Jack Crawford 8/66 (22.5 overs) |
| 222 (73.2 overs) Edgar Mayne 106 Warwick Armstrong 4/70 (29 overs) | | 215 (73.4 overs) Jimmy Matthews 56 Bill Whitty 4/30 (23.4 overs) |
- South Australia won the toss and elected to bat.
## Statistics
### Most Runs
Edgar Mayne 476
### Most Wickets
Bill Whitty 25
|
enwiki/53305314
|
enwiki
| 53,305,314 |
1912–13 Sheffield Shield season
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1912%E2%80%9313_Sheffield_Shield_season
|
2024-08-16T05:18:36Z
|
en
|
Q29025973
| 151,302 |
{{Short description|Australian cricket tournament}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox cricket tournament
| name = 1912–13 Sheffield Shield
| image =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| administrator =
| cricket format = [[First-class cricket|First-class]]
| tournament format = [[Round-robin tournament|Double round-robin]]
| champions = [[South Australia cricket team|South Australia]]
| count = 3
| participants = 3
| matches = 6
| attendance =
| player of the series =
| most runs = [[Edgar Mayne]] ([[South Australia cricket team|South Australia]]) – 476 runs
| most wickets = [[Bill Whitty]] ([[South Australia cricket team|South Australia]]) – 25 wickets
| previous_year = 1911–12
| previous_tournament = 1911–12 Sheffield Shield season
| next_year = 1913–14
| next_tournament = 1913–14 Sheffield Shield season
}}
The '''1912–13 Sheffield Shield season''' was the 21st season of the [[Sheffield Shield]], the domestic [[first-class cricket|first-class]] [[cricket]] competition of Australia. [[South Australia cricket team|South Australia]] won the championship.<ref>{{cite book|last=Wynne-Thomas|first=Peter|title=The Hamlyn A-Z of Cricket Records pages 133-137|year=1983|publisher=Hamlyn Publishing Group|isbn=0-600-34667-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Engel|first=Matthew|title=Wisden Cricketers' Almanack 2004, pages 1344-1345|year=2004|publisher=John Wisden & Company Ltd|isbn=0-947766-83-9}}</ref>
==Table==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!width=175 |Team
! style="width:30px;" abbr="Played"|Pld
! style="width:30px;" abbr="Won"|W
! style="width:30px;" abbr="Lost"|L
! style="width:30px;" abbr="Drawn"|D
! style="width:30px;" abbr="Points"|Pts
|- style="background:#f4b942;"
|style="text-align:left;"|[[South Australia cricket team|South Australia]]
| 4 || 3 || 1 || 0 || 2
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|[[New South Wales cricket team|New South Wales]]
| 4 || 2 || 2 || 0 || 0
|-
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Victoria cricket team|Victoria]]
| 4 || 1 || 3 || 0 || -2
|}
==Fixtures==
{{Test match
| date = 20–23 December 1912
| team1 = {{cr-Aus|SA-h|L}}
| team2 = {{cr-Aus|NSW}}
| score-team1-inns1 = 569 (141.3 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Edgar Mayne]] 124
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Roy Minnett]] 2/77 (24 overs)
| score-team2-inns1 = 276 (89 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Herbie Collins]] 79
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Percy Rundell]] 3/34 (10 overs)
| score-team1-inns2 =
| runs-team1-inns2 =
| wickets-team1-inns2 =
| score-team2-inns2 = 240 [[Follow-on|f/o]] (64 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Bert Folkard]] 61
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Bill Whitty]] 4/37 (15 overs)
| result = South Australia won by an innings and 53 runs
| venue = [[Adelaide Oval]], [[Adelaide]]
| umpires = A. T. Haddrick and F. J. C. Thomas
| motm =
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sheffield-shield-1912-13-356224/south-australia-vs-new-south-wales-356471/full-scorecard Scorecard]
| toss = South Australia won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes =
}}
----
{{Test match
| date = 26–28 December 1912
| team1 = {{cr-Aus|NSW|L}}
| team2 = {{cr-Aus|VIC-h}}
| score-team1-inns1 = 84 (47.1 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Victor Trumper]] 25
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Jimmy Matthews]] 5/25 (16.1 overs)
| score-team2-inns1 = 181 (46.3 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Hughie Carroll]] 73
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Sid Emery]] 4/48 (12.3 overs)
| score-team1-inns2 = 232 (65.4 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Charles Barnes (cricketer)|Charles Barnes]] 53
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Jack Ryder (cricketer)|Jack Ryder]] 6/44 (19.4 overs)
| score-team2-inns2 = 4/137 (43.4 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Fred Baring]] 42
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Roy Minnett]] 3/40 (15 overs)
| result = Victoria won by 6 wickets
| venue = [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]], [[Melbourne]]
| umpires = [[Bob Crockett]] and [[Dave Elder (umpire)|Dave Elder]]
| motm =
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sheffield-shield-1912-13-356224/victoria-vs-new-south-wales-356472/full-scorecard Scorecard]
| toss = Victoria won the toss and elected to field.
| notes =
}}
----
{{Test match
| date = 1–3 January 1913
| team1 = {{cr-Aus|SA|L}}
| team2 = {{cr-Aus|VIC-h}}
| score-team1-inns1 = 309 (90 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Jack Crawford (cricketer)|Jack Crawford]] 83
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Jack Ryder (cricketer)|Jack Ryder]] 6/102 (28 overs)
| score-team2-inns1 = 229 (78 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Hughie Carroll]] 55
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Leonard Chamberlain]] 3/36 (16 overs)
| score-team1-inns2 = 128 (38.1 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Edgar Mayne]] 52
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Jack Ryder (cricketer)|Jack Ryder]] 7/53 (19 overs)
| score-team2-inns2 = 140 (36.4 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Fred Baring]] 76
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Bill Whitty]] 5/65 (16 overs)
| result = South Australia won by 68 runs
| venue = [[Melbourne Cricket Ground]], [[Melbourne]]
| umpires = [[Bob Crockett]] and W. A. Young
| motm =
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sheffield-shield-1912-13-356224/victoria-vs-south-australia-356473/full-scorecard Scorecard]
| toss = South Australia won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes =
}}
----
{{Test match
| date = 10–14 January 1913
| team1 = {{cr-Aus|NSW-h|L}}
| team2 = {{cr-Aus|SA}}
| score-team1-inns1 = 513 (129.2 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Victor Trumper]] 201[[Not out|*]]
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Jack Crawford (cricketer)|Jack Crawford]] 3/124 (30 overs)
| score-team2-inns1 = 331 (79.5 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Clem Hill]] 138
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Jack Massie]] 3/74 (21.5 overs)
| score-team1-inns2 = 314 (83.2 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Charlie Macartney]] 96
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Bill Whitty]] 5/92 (28.2 overs)
| score-team2-inns2 = 412 (102.3 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Johnny Moyes]] 95
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Jack Massie]] 3/62 (27 overs)
| result = New South Wales won by 84 runs
| venue = [[Sydney Cricket Ground]], [[Sydney]]
| umpires = [[Alfred Jones (umpire)|Alfred Jones]] and [[William Curran (umpire)|William Curran]]
| motm =
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sheffield-shield-1912-13-356224/new-south-wales-vs-south-australia-356474/full-scorecard Scorecard]
| toss = New South Wales won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes =
}}
----
{{Test match
| date = 24–28 January 1913
| team1 = {{cr-Aus|VIC|L}}
| team2 = {{cr-Aus|NSW-h}}
| score-team1-inns1 = 274 (80 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Warwick Armstrong]] 118[[Not out|*]]
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[H. V. Hordern]] 4/69 (22 overs)
| score-team2-inns1 = 477 (117 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Eric Barbour]] 146
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[William Cannon (cricketer)|William Cannon]] 6/107 (23 overs)
| score-team1-inns2 = 365 (104.5 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Jimmy Matthews]] 81
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Jack Massie]] 7/110 (31 overs)
| score-team2-inns2 = 2/163 (36 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Charlie Macartney]] 76[[Not out|*]]
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Jack Ryder (cricketer)|Jack Ryder]] 1/47 (14 overs)
| result = New South Wales won by 8 wickets
| venue = [[Sydney Cricket Ground]], [[Sydney]]
| umpires = [[Alfred Jones (umpire)|Alfred Jones]] and [[William Curran (umpire)|William Curran]]
| motm =
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sheffield-shield-1912-13-356224/new-south-wales-vs-victoria-356475/full-scorecard Scorecard]
| toss = Victoria won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes =
}}
----
{{Test match
| date = 28 February – 4 March 1913
| team1 = {{cr-Aus|SA-h|L}}
| team2 = {{cr-Aus|VIC}}
| score-team1-inns1 = 368 (111.2 overs)
| runs-team1-inns1 = [[Jack Crawford (cricketer)|Jack Crawford]] 163
| wickets-team1-inns1 = [[Jimmy Matthews]] 4/111 (40 overs)
| score-team2-inns1 = 209 (68.5 overs)
| runs-team2-inns1 = [[Warwick Armstrong]] 72
| wickets-team2-inns1 = [[Jack Crawford (cricketer)|Jack Crawford]] 8/66 (22.5 overs)
| score-team1-inns2 = 222 (73.2 overs)
| runs-team1-inns2 = [[Edgar Mayne]] 106
| wickets-team1-inns2 = [[Warwick Armstrong]] 4/70 (29 overs)
| score-team2-inns2 = 215 (73.4 overs)
| runs-team2-inns2 = [[Jimmy Matthews]] 56
| wickets-team2-inns2 = [[Bill Whitty]] 4/30 (23.4 overs)
| result = South Australia won by 166 runs
| venue = [[Adelaide Oval]], [[Adelaide]]
| umpires = A. McIntyre and F. J. C. Thomas
| motm =
| report = [https://www.espncricinfo.com/series/sheffield-shield-1912-13-356224/south-australia-vs-victoria-356476/full-scorecard Scorecard]
| toss = South Australia won the toss and elected to bat.
| notes =
}}
==Statistics==
===Most Runs===
[[Edgar Mayne]] 476<ref>{{cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1910S/1912-13/AUS_LOCAL/SS/STATS//SS_1912-13_BAT_MOST_RUNS.html|title=Batting Most runs|publisher=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref>
===Most Wickets===
[[Bill Whitty]] 25<ref>{{cite web|url=http://static.espncricinfo.com/db/ARCHIVE/1910S/1912-13/AUS_LOCAL/SS/STATS//SS_1912-13_BOWL_MOST_WKTS.html|title=Bowling Most wickets|publisher=ESPN Cricinfo}}</ref>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Australian cricket season}}
{{Cricket in Australia}}
{{First-class Cricket Domestic Competitions}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1912-13 Sheffield Shield season}}
[[Category:Australian cricket seasons from 1890–91 to 1917–18|Sheffield Shield]]
[[Category:Domestic cricket competitions in 1912–13|Sheffield Shield]]
[[Category:Sheffield Shield seasons]]
{{Australian-domestic-cricket-competition-stub}}
| 1,240,583,919 |
[{"title": "1912\u201313 Sheffield Shield", "data": {"Cricket format": "First-class", "Tournament format(s)": "Double round-robin", "Champions": "South Australia (3rd title)", "Participants": "3", "Matches": "6", "Most runs": "Edgar Mayne (South Australia) \u2013 476 runs", "Most wickets": "Bill Whitty (South Australia) \u2013 25 wickets"}}]
| false |
# 1893 Toronto municipal election
Municipal elections were held in Toronto, Canada, on January 2, 1893. Mayor Robert John Fleming, was re-elected to a second term in office, defeating Warring Kennedy.
## Toronto mayor
Results
Robert John Fleming (incumbent) - 11,736
Warring Kennedy - 8,618
Source:
## Aldermen elected to City Council
Four alderman were elected to sit on Toronto City Council in each of six wards.
First Ward
C.C. Small (incumbent) - 1,275
W.T. Stewart (incumbent) - 1,087
Thomas Davies - 1,033
John Knox Leslie (incumbent) - 1,010
G.S. Macdonald (incumbent) - 987
W. Barrett - 697
Second Ward
Daniel Lamb (incumbent) - 2,110
John Hallam (incumbent) - 1,955
Garratt F. Frankland - 1.412
Edward Hewitt - 1,379
David Carlyle (incumbent) - 1,214
Thomas Foster (incumbent) - 1,205
Daniel Kelly - 1,135
George Taunt - 114
Third Ward
Bernard Saunders (incumbent) - 3,094
George McMurrich (incumbent) - 2,535
John Shaw (incumbent) - 2,474
John Brown - 2,405
W.J. Hill - 2,380
Ernest A. Macdonald - 346
Fourth Ward
William Carlyle (incumbent) - 2,292
William Burns (incumbent) - 2,266
James Jolliffe (incumbent) - 1,966
George Verral (incumbent) - 1,634
Wm. P. Hubbard - 1,626
A.F. Jury - 1,316
Fifth Ward
William Bell (incumbent) - 2,252
Thomas Crawford (incumbent) - 2,027
John Bailey (incumbent) - 2,002
J.E. Verral - 1,530
R.H. Graham (incumbent) - 1,409
A. Pearce - 110
Sixth Ward
Dr. J.O. Orr (incumbent) - 1,456
Dr. Adam Lynd - 1,397
John Maloney (incumbent) - 1,096
Thomas Murray - 1,042
W.F. Atkinson (incumbent) - 935
James Gowanlock (incumbent) - 835
John H. Graham - 224
George G. Miles - 120
Source: and
|
enwiki/74997108
|
enwiki
| 74,997,108 |
1893 Toronto municipal election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1893_Toronto_municipal_election
|
2024-12-27T04:50:08Z
|
en
|
Q110565601
| 46,484 |
{{short description|none}}
'''Municipal elections were held in Toronto''', Canada, on January 2, 1893. Mayor [[Robert John Fleming (Canadian politician)|Robert John Fleming]], was re-elected to a second term in office, defeating [[Warring Kennedy]].<ref name="results">"ONLY THREE THOUSAND: Fleming's Majority the Biggest Any Mayor Ever Had DON OVERWHELMED Fleming's Vote the Biggest Ever Polled SOME ALDERMANIC SURPRISES Several of the Old Members Defeated SPEECHES OF TDE SUCCESSFUL AND DEFEATED CANDIDATES FOR THE MAYOR'S CHAIR--NOTES OF THE DAY", ''The Globe'' (1844-1936); Toronto, Ont. [Toronto, Ont]03 Jan 1893: 1</ref>
==Toronto mayor==
;Results
:'''[[Robert John Fleming (Canadian politician)|Robert John Fleming]]''' (incumbent) - 11,736
:[[Warring Kennedy]] - 8,618
Source: <ref>MAYOR FLEMINGS FOURTH TRIUMPH: Re-elected by the Substantial Majority of 1,585 CITIZENS ENDORSE THE ISLAND STREET RAILWAY", ''The Globe'' (1844-1936); Toronto, Ont. [Toronto, Ont]05 Jan 1897: 1.</ref>
==Aldermen elected to City Council==
[[File:1892-toronto-ward-map.jpg|thumb|right|350px|Map of Toronto's six wards (1892-1909), published in ''The Globe'', 1 January 1892.]]
Four alderman were elected to sit on [[Toronto City Council]] in each of six wards.
;First Ward
:'''C.C. Small''' (incumbent) - 1,275
:'''W.T. Stewart''' (incumbent) - 1,087
:'''Thomas Davies''' - 1,033
:'''John Knox Leslie''' (incumbent) - 1,010
:G.S. Macdonald (incumbent) - 987
:W. Barrett - 697
;Second Ward
:'''Daniel Lamb''' (incumbent) - 2,110
:'''John Hallam ''' (incumbent) - 1,955
:'''Garratt F. Frankland''' - 1.412
:'''Edward Hewitt''' - 1,379
:David Carlyle (incumbent) - 1,214
:[[Thomas Foster (Canadian politician)|Thomas Foster]] (incumbent) - 1,205
:Daniel Kelly - 1,135
:George Taunt - 114
;Third Ward
:'''Bernard Saunders''' (incumbent) - 3,094
:'''[[George McMurrich]]''' (incumbent) - 2,535
:'''[[John Shaw (Canadian politician)|John Shaw]]''' (incumbent) - 2,474
:'''John Brown''' - 2,405
:W.J. Hill - 2,380
:[[Ernest A. Macdonald]] - 346
;Fourth Ward
:'''William Carlyle''' (incumbent) - 2,292
:'''William Burns''' (incumbent) - 2,266
:'''James Jolliffe''' (incumbent) - 1,966
:'''George Verral''' (incumbent) - 1,634
:[[William Peyton Hubbard|Wm. P. Hubbard]] - 1,626
:A.F. Jury - 1,316
;Fifth Ward
:'''William Bell''' (incumbent) - 2,252
:'''Thomas Crawford''' (incumbent) - 2,027
:'''John Bailey''' (incumbent) - 2,002
:'''J.E. Verral''' - 1,530
:R.H. Graham (incumbent) - 1,409
:A. Pearce - 110
;Sixth Ward
:'''Dr. J.O. Orr''' (incumbent) - 1,456
:'''Dr. Adam Lynd''' - 1,397
:'''John Maloney''' (incumbent) - 1,096
:'''Thomas Murray''' - 1,042
:W.F. Atkinson (incumbent) - 935
:James Gowanlock (incumbent) - 835
:John H. Graham - 224
:George G. Miles - 120
Source: <ref name="results"/> and <ref>"ALDERMEN AND TRUSTEES: Contests Will Take Place in Every Ward A QUIET NOMINATION DAY Several Ex- Aldermen in the Field Again NEARLY ALL THE PRESENT ALDERMEN AND TRUSTEES WILL TRY TO HOLD THEIR SEATS FIRST WARD SECOND WARD FOR ALDERMES ALDERMEN",
''The Globe'' (1844-1936); Toronto, Ont. [Toronto, Ont]27 Dec 1892: 8.</ref>
==References==
Aldermanic results taken from the January 3, 1893, ''Toronto Globe'' and might not exactly match final tallies.
{{reflist}}
{{Toronto elections}}
[[Category:1893 elections in Canada]]
[[Category:Municipal elections in Toronto]]
[[Category:1893 in Ontario]]
{{Canada-election-stub}}
| 1,265,485,611 |
[]
| false |
# 1780 in India
Events in the year 1780 in India.
## Events
- National income - ₹9,900 million
- 2nd Mysore War.[1]
## Law
- East India Company Act (British statute)
|
enwiki/40362664
|
enwiki
| 40,362,664 |
1780 in India
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1780_in_India
|
2024-09-19T22:55:19Z
|
en
|
Q16056171
| 102,201 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Year in India|1780}}
Events in the year '''1780 in India'''.
==Events==
*National income - ₹9,900 million
* 2nd Mysore War.<ref>''Everyman's Dictionary of Dates''; 6th ed. J. M. Dent, 1971; p. 261</ref>
==Law==
*East India Company Act (British statute)
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{India year nav}}
{{Year in Asia|1780}}
[[Category:1780 in India| ]]
[[Category:1780 by country|India]]
[[Category:Years of the 18th century in India]]
{{India-year-stub}}
| 1,246,599,541 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1779 - 1778 - 1777": "1780 \u00b7 in \u00b7 India \u00b7 \u2192 - 1781 - 1782 - 1783", "Centuries": "16th 17th 18th 19th 20th", "Decades": "1760s 1770s 1780s 1790s 1800s", "See also": "List of years in India \u00b7 Timeline of Indian history"}}]
| false |
# 1924–25 Atromitos F.C. season
The 1924–25 season of Atromitos F.C. was the 2nd in the club's history and the first season that the club were participating in the Athens Football Clubs Association League.
The chairman of the team was Andreas Tsouroutsoylou, the person that created the club.
## Athens Football Clubs Association League
Competition: There were two groups, from which the top two teams progressed to the final stage, where they played semifinals and then the final to determine the champion.
Atromitos were drafted in Group A and came 1st, making it to the semifinals, where they lost to Panathinaikos and got disqualified.
### Group A
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification | | ATR | ARM | ATH | LEN | AIAS |
| --- | ------------------ | --- | - | - | - | -- | -- | --- | --- | ------------------ | - | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---- |
| 1 | Atromitos (Q) | 4 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 14 | 2 | +12 | 7 | Athens Final Round | | | 1–0 | 2–2 | 4–0 | 7–0 |
| 2 | Armeniki Enosi (Q) | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 3 | +7 | 6 | Athens Final Round | | — | | 4–2 | 1–0 | 5–0 |
| 3 | Athinaikos | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 4 | | | — | — | | 4–4 | 2–0 |
| 4 | Lenorman | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 9 | 10 | −1 | 3 | | — | — | — | | 5–1 | |
### Matches
| 1924–25 Matchday 1 | Atromitos | 7–0 | Aias Athens | Athens |
| 1924–25 Matchday 2 | Atromitos | 1–0 | Armeniki Enosi | Athens |
| 1924–25 Matchday 3 | Atromitos | 4–0 | Lenorman | Athens |
| 1924–25 Matchday 4 | Atromitos | 2–2 | Athinaikos | Athens |
### Athens Final Round
| 1924–25 Semi-finals | Panathinaikos | 4–0 | Atromitos | Athens |
|
enwiki/39913028
|
enwiki
| 39,913,028 |
1924–25 Atromitos F.C. season
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1924%E2%80%9325_Atromitos_F.C._season
|
2022-05-26T07:33:02Z
|
en
|
Q16258901
| 76,031 |
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2020}}
{{Infobox football club season
| club = Atromitos Athens F.C.
| image =
| season = 1924–25
| chairman = Andreas Tsouroutsoylou
| chrtitle = Chairman
| stadium =
| league = [[1924–25 FCA Championship#Athens Football Clubs Association|AFCA League]]
| league result = [[1924–25 FCA Championship#Athens Final Round|Semi-finals]]
| cup1 =
| cup1 result =
| cup2 =
| cup2 result =
| prevseason = [[1923–24 Atromitos F.C. season|1923–24]]
| nextseason = [[1925–26 Atromitos F.C. season|1925–26]]
| league topscorer =
| season topscorer =
| highest attendance =
| lowest attendance =
| average attendance =
|pattern_la1 = _000f89
|pattern_b1 = _000f89
|pattern_ra1 = _000f89
|pattern_sh1 = _000f89
|pattern_la2 = _FFFFFF
|pattern_b2 = _FFFFFF
|pattern_ra2 = _FFFFFF
|pattern_sh2 = _FFFFFF
|leftarm1 = 000f89
|body1 = 000f89
|rightarm1 = 000f89
|shorts1 = FFFFFF
|socks1 = 000f89
|leftarm2 = FFFFFF
|body2 = FFFFFF
|rightarm2 = FFFFFF
|shorts2 = 000f89
|socks2 = FFFFFF
}}
The '''1924–25 season''' of [[Atromitos F.C.]] was the 2nd in the club's history and the first season that the club were participating in the [[Athens Football Clubs Association]] League.
The chairman of the team was Andreas Tsouroutsoylou, the person that created the club.
==Athens Football Clubs Association League==
'''Competition''': There were two groups, from which the top two teams progressed to the final stage, where they played semifinals and then the final to determine the champion.
Atromitos were drafted in Group A and came 1st, making it to the semifinals, where they lost to [[Panathinaikos F.C.|Panathinaikos]] and got disqualified.
===Group A===
{{:1924–25 FCA Championship|transcludesection=Athens Group A|showteam=ATR |show_matches=yes}}
===Matches===
{{footballbox collapsible
|round = Matchday 1
|date = 1924–25
|time =
|team1 = [[Atromitos F.C.|Atromitos]]
|score = 7–0
|report =
|team2 = Aias Athens
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|stadium =
|location = [[Athens]]
|attendance =
|referee =
|result = W
|stack =
}}
{{footballbox collapsible
|round = Matchday 2
|date = 1924–25
|time =
|team1 = [[Atromitos F.C.|Atromitos]]
|score = 1–0
|report =
|team2 = Armeniki Enosi
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|stadium =
|location = [[Athens]]
|attendance =
|referee =
|result = W
|stack =
}}
{{footballbox collapsible
|round = Matchday 3
|date = 1924–25
|time =
|team1 = [[Atromitos F.C.|Atromitos]]
|score = 4–0
|report =
|team2 = Lenorman
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|stadium =
|location = [[Athens]]
|attendance =
|referee =
|result = W
|stack =
}}
{{footballbox collapsible
|round = Matchday 4
|date = 1924–25
|time =
|team1 = [[Atromitos F.C.|Atromitos]]
|score = 2–2
|report =
|team2 = [[Athinaikos F.C.|Athinaikos]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|stadium =
|location = [[Athens]]
|attendance =
|referee =
|result = D
|stack =
}}
===Athens Final Round===
{{footballbox collapsible
|round = [[1924–25 FCA Championship#Athens Final Round|Semi-finals]]
|date = 1924–25
|time =
|team1 = [[Panathinaikos F.C.|Panathinaikos]]
|score = 4–0
|report =
|team2 = [[Atromitos F.C.|Atromitos]]
|goals1 =
|goals2 =
|stadium =
|location = [[Athens]]
|attendance =
|referee =
|result = L
|stack =
}}
==References==
*[http://www.plus4u.gr/showitem.php?ID=108043380 ''"Flutter in Glory"'' by Pavlos Katonis]
{{Atromitos FC seasons}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Atromitos F.C. season 1924-25}}
[[Category:Atromitos F.C. seasons|1924-25]]
[[Category:Greek football clubs 1924–25 season]]
| 1,089,900,384 |
[{"title": "Atromitos Athens F.C.", "data": {"Chairman": "Andreas Tsouroutsoylou", "AFCA League": "Semi-finals", "Home colours": "Away colours"}}]
| false |
# 1793 in Ireland
Events from the year 1793 in Ireland.
## Incumbent
- Monarch: George III
## Events
- January – delegates of the Catholic Convention, including Wolfe Tone and Christopher Dillon Bellew, present a petition in favour of Catholic emancipation to King George III and the Home Secretary, Henry Dundas, in person and are favourably received.[1]
- April
- Roman Catholic Relief Act 1793 relieves Catholics of certain political, educational and economic disabilities:[1] they may now vote, enter the legal professions and hold certain public offices. They are also, under the Militia Act (Ireland) 1793 (33 Geo. 3. c. 22 (I)), permitted to bear arms; and both Roman Catholics and Protestant Dissenters are permitted to enter Trinity College Dublin (but the Catholic Church generally dissuades the former from doing so). Any man renting or owning land worth at least forty shillings (the equivalent of two Pounds Sterling), is granted the franchise, creating a class of Forty Shilling Freeholders.
- Construction commences on the first bridge across the River Suir at Waterford, built by the American Lemuel Cox in wood.
- Gunpowder Act and Convention Act effectively bring an end to the Irish Volunteers.[2]
- 83rd (County of Dublin) Regiment of Foot raised for service in the French Revolutionary Wars by Colonel William Fitch.
- Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity, Waterford, the oldest Catholic cathedral in Ireland, is built.
- Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh (Roderic O'Flaherty)'s semi-mythical history of Ireland, Ogygia: seu Rerum Hibernicarum Chronologia & etc. (1685), is for the first time translated into English (by Rev. James Hely) and published as Ogygia, or a Chronological account of Irish Events, collected from Very Ancient Documents faithfully compared with each other & supported by the Genealogical & Chronological Aid of the Sacred and Profane Writings of the Globe.
## Births
- 3 April – Dionysius Lardner, scientific writer (died 1859).
- 12 August – James Muspratt, chemical manufacturer in Britain (died 1886).
Full date unknown
- Andrew Clarke, soldier, Governor of Western Australia (died 1847).
- John Benjamin Macneill, railway engineer (died 1880).
## Deaths
- Charlotte Brooke, writer (b.c1740).
- Elizabeth Griffith, dramatist, writer and actress (b.c1727).
- Lucy Hartstonge, philanthropist (b.c1722).
|
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1793 in Ireland
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en
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Q4553407
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{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive -->
{{YearInIrelandNav | 1793 }}
Events from the year '''1793 in Ireland'''.
==Incumbent==
*[[Irish monarch|Monarch]]: [[George III]]
==Events==
*January – delegates of the Catholic Convention, including [[Wolfe Tone]] and [[Christopher Dillon Bellew]], present a petition in favour of [[Catholic emancipation]] to King [[George III of the United Kingdom|George III]] and the [[Home Secretary]], [[Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville|Henry Dundas]], in person and are favourably received.<ref name=ODNB>{{cite ODNB|first=Marianne|last=Elliott|author-link = Marianne Elliott (historian)|title=Tone, (Theobald) Wolfe (1763–1798)|year=2004|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/27532|access-date=2013-01-08|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/27532}}</ref>
*April
**[[Roman Catholic Relief Act 1793]] relieves [[Catholic Church|Catholics]] of certain political, educational and economic disabilities:<ref name=ODNB/> they may now vote, enter the legal professions and hold certain public offices. They are also, under the [[Militia Act (Ireland) 1793]] (33 Geo. 3. c. 22 (I)), permitted to [[bear arms]]; and both Roman Catholics and Protestant Dissenters are permitted to enter [[Trinity College Dublin]] (but the Catholic Church generally dissuades the former from doing so). Any man renting or owning land worth at least forty [[shilling]]s (the equivalent of two [[Pound Sterling|Pounds Sterling]]), is granted the franchise, creating a class of [[Forty Shilling Freeholders]].
**Construction commences on the first bridge across the [[River Suir]] at [[Waterford]], built by the [[Americans|American]] Lemuel Cox in wood.
[[Image:WaterfordRCCathedral.JPG|thumb|250px|[[Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity, Waterford]]]]
*Gunpowder Act and Convention Act effectively bring an end to the [[Irish Volunteers (18th century)|Irish Volunteers]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Connolly|first=S. J.|title=Oxford Companion to Irish History|page=611|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2007|isbn=978-0-19-923483-7}}</ref>
*[[83rd (County of Dublin) Regiment of Foot]] raised for service in the [[French Revolutionary Wars]] by Colonel William Fitch.
*[[Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity, Waterford]], the oldest Catholic cathedral in Ireland, is built.
*[[Ruaidhrí Ó Flaithbheartaigh]] (Roderic O'Flaherty)'s semi-mythical history of Ireland, ''Ogygia: seu Rerum Hibernicarum Chronologia & etc.'' ([[1685 in Ireland|1685]]), is for the first time translated into English (by Rev. James Hely) and published as ''Ogygia, or a Chronological account of Irish Events, collected from Very Ancient Documents faithfully compared with each other & supported by the Genealogical & Chronological Aid of the Sacred and Profane Writings of the Globe''.
==Births==
*3 April – [[Dionysius Lardner]], scientific writer (died [[1859 in Ireland|1859]]).
*12 August – [[James Muspratt]], chemical manufacturer in Britain (died [[1886 in Ireland|1886]]).
*;Full date unknown<!--This is a description list; please see [[Help:List]] before changing-->
*:*[[Andrew Clarke (British Army officer, born 1793)|Andrew Clarke]], soldier, [[Governor of Western Australia]] (died [[1847 in Ireland|1847]]).
*:*[[John Benjamin Macneill]], railway engineer (died [[1880 in Ireland|1880]]).
==Deaths==
*[[Charlotte Brooke (writer)|Charlotte Brooke]], writer (b.c1740).
*[[Elizabeth Griffith]], dramatist, writer and actress (b.c1727).
*[[Lucy Hartstonge]], philanthropist (b.c1722).
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Years in Ireland}}
{{Year in Europe|1793}}
[[Category:1793 in Ireland| ]]
[[Category:Years of the 18th century in Ireland]]
[[Category:1793 by country|Ireland]]
[[Category:1790s in Ireland]]
| 1,278,431,806 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1792 - 1791 - 1790 - 1789 - 1788": "1793 \u00b7 in \u00b7 Ireland \u00b7 \u2192 - 1794 - 1795 - 1796 - 1797 - 1798", "Centuries": "16th 17th 18th 19th 20th", "Decades": "1770s 1780s 1790s 1800s 1810s", "See also": "Other events of 1793 \u00b7 List of years in Ireland"}}]
| false |
# 1912 Connecticut Aggies football team
The 1912 Connecticut Aggies football team represented Connecticut Agricultural College, now the University of Connecticut, in the 1912 college football season. The Aggies were led by first-year head coach Abraham J. Sharadin, and completed the season with a record of 3–3.
## Schedule
| Date | Opponent | Site | Result |
| -------------------- | --------------------- | -------------------------- | ------ |
| October 5 | Norwich Free Academy* | Athletic Fields Storrs, CT | W 26–0 |
| October 12 | Rockville Ind.* | Athletic Fields Storrs, CT | W 3–0 |
| October 19 | at Worcester Academy* | Worcester, MA | L 0–40 |
| October 26 | at Williston* | Easthampton, MA | L 0–19 |
| November 2 | Fort Wright* | Athletic Fields Storrs, CT | W 12–7 |
| November 16 | Boston College* | Athletic Fields Storrs, CT | L 0–13 |
| *Non-conference game | | | |
|
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1912 Connecticut Aggies football team
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1912_Connecticut_Aggies_football_team
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Q21188923
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{{short description|American college football season}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox college sports team season
| year = 1912
| team = Connecticut Aggies
| sport = football
| image =
| image_size =
| conference = [[Athletic League of New England State Colleges]]
| short_conf = New England
| record = 3–3
| conf_record = 0–0
| head_coach = [[Abraham J. Sharadin]]
| hc_year = 1st
| captain =
| stadium = Athletic Fields
}}
The '''1912 Connecticut Aggies football team''' represented [[University of Connecticut|Connecticut Agricultural College]], now the University of Connecticut, in the [[1912 college football season]]. The Aggies were led by first-year head coach [[Abraham J. Sharadin]], and completed the season with a record of 3–3.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/conn/sports/m-footbl/auto_pdf/2015-16/misc_non_event/part5-15.pdf|publisher=UConn Huskies|title=2015 UConn Football Media Guide|accessdate=9 September 2015|page=118|archive-date=18 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118130900/http://grfx.cstv.com/photos/schools/conn/sports/m-footbl/auto_pdf/2015-16/misc_non_event/part5-15.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/active/c/connecticut/1910-1914_yearly_results.php|title=Connecticut Game by Game Results|publisher=College Football Data Warehouse|accessdate=18 November 2015|archive-date=5 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905185525/http://www.cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/active/c/connecticut/1910-1914_yearly_results.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==Schedule==
{{CFB schedule
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 5
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| opponent = [[Norwich Free Academy]]
| site_stadium = Athletic Fields
| site_cityst = [[Storrs, Connecticut|Storrs, CT]]
| score = 26–0
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 12
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| opponent = Rockville Ind.
| site_stadium = Athletic Fields
| site_cityst = Storrs, CT
| score = 3–0
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 19
| w/l = l
| nonconf = y
| away = y
| opponent = [[Worcester Academy]]
| site_stadium =
| site_cityst = [[Worcester, Massachusetts|Worcester, MA]]
| score = 0–40
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = October 26
| w/l = l
| nonconf = y
| away = y
| opponent = [[Williston Northampton School|Williston]]
| site_stadium =
| site_cityst = [[Easthampton, Massachusetts|Easthampton, MA]]
| score = 0–19
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 2
| w/l = w
| nonconf = y
| opponent = Fort Wright
| site_stadium = Athletic Fields
| site_cityst = Storrs, CT
| score = 12–7
}}
|{{CFB schedule entry
| date = November 16
| w/l = l
| nonconf = y
| opponent = [[1912 Boston College football team|Boston College]]
| site_stadium = Athletic Fields
| site_cityst = Storrs, CT
| score = 0–13
}}
}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{UConn Huskies football navbox}}
[[Category:1912 Athletic League of New England State Colleges football season|Connecticut]]
[[Category:UConn Huskies football seasons]]
[[Category:1912 in sports in Connecticut|Connecticut Aggies football]]
{{collegefootball-1912-season-stub}}
{{Connecticut-sport-team-stub}}
| 1,241,151,099 |
[{"title": "1912 Connecticut Aggies football", "data": {"Conference": "Athletic League of New England State Colleges", "Record": "3\u20133 (0\u20130 New England)", "Head coach": "- Abraham J. Sharadin (1st season)", "Home stadium": "Athletic Fields"}}]
| false |
# 1924–25 Sussex County Football League
The 1924–25 Sussex County Football League season was the fifth in the history of the competition.
## League table
The league featured 13 clubs, 12 which competed in the last season, along with one new club:
- East Grinstead
### League table
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | ----------------------- | --- | -- | - | -- | --- | --- | ----- | --- | --------------------------- |
| 1 | Royal Corps of Signals | 24 | 18 | 2 | 4 | 55 | 23 | 2.391 | 38 | Left the league |
| 2 | Lewes | 24 | 17 | 2 | 5 | 103 | 47 | 2.191 | 36 | |
| 3 | Southwick | 24 | 14 | 4 | 6 | 72 | 41 | 1.756 | 32 | |
| 4 | Hastings | 24 | 13 | 5 | 6 | 71 | 39 | 1.821 | 31 | |
| 5 | Hove | 24 | 11 | 7 | 6 | 47 | 37 | 1.270 | 29 | |
| 6 | Newhaven | 24 | 11 | 5 | 8 | 56 | 41 | 1.366 | 27 | |
| 7 | Worthing | 24 | 11 | 4 | 9 | 47 | 40 | 1.175 | 26 | |
| 8 | Shoreham | 24 | 9 | 6 | 9 | 60 | 43 | 1.395 | 24 | |
| 9 | Eastbourne Old Comrades | 24 | 11 | 1 | 12 | 51 | 55 | 0.927 | 23 | |
| 10 | Allen West | 24 | 5 | 7 | 12 | 24 | 55 | 0.436 | 17 | |
| 11 | Vernon Athletic | 24 | 5 | 3 | 16 | 38 | 81 | 0.469 | 13 | |
| 12 | Chichester | 24 | 3 | 2 | 19 | 34 | 86 | 0.395 | 8 | |
| 13 | East Grinstead | 24 | 3 | 2 | 19 | 30 | 100 | 0.300 | 8 | |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1924%E2%80%9325_Sussex_County_Football_League
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en
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Q60787933
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox football league season
| competition = [[Sussex County Football League]]
| season = '''1924–25'''
| winners = '''Royal Corps of Signals'''
| relegated =
| league topscorer =
| continentalcup1 =
| continentalcup1 qualifiers =
| biggest home win =
| biggest away win =
| highest scoring =
| matches = 156
| total goals = 688
| longest wins =
| longest unbeaten =
| longest losses =
| highest attendance =
| lowest attendance =
| average attendance =
| prevseason = ''[[1923–24 Sussex County Football League|1923–24]]''
| nextseason = ''[[1925–26 Sussex County Football League|1925–26]]''
}}
The '''1924–25 [[Southern Combination Football League|Sussex County Football League]] season''' was the fifth in the history of the competition.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sussex County Football League 1920–1960|url=https://www.nonleaguematters.co.uk/nlmnet/Regs1SthB/Susx20.html|website=Non League Matters}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=SCFL Historic League Tables|url=http://www.scfl.org.uk/pages/viewpage.html?view=newspage06|website=Southern Combination Football League|access-date=2019-01-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190119110936/http://www.scfl.org.uk/pages/viewpage.html?view=newspage06|archive-date=2019-01-19|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==League table==
The league featured 13 clubs, 12 which competed in the last season, along with one new club:
* [[East Grinstead Town F.C.|East Grinstead]]
===League table===
{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL
|res_col_header=QR
|sortable_table=y
|use_goal_ratio=y
|winpoints=2
|team1=RCS|name_RCS=[[Royal School of Signals|Royal Corps of Signals]]
|team2=LWS|name_LWS=[[Lewes F.C.|Lewes]]
|team3=SWK|name_SWK=[[Southwick F.C.|Southwick]]
|team4=HGS|name_HGS=[[Hastings United F.C.|Hastings]]
|team5=HOV|name_HOV=Hove
|team6=NVN|name_NVN=[[Newhaven F.C.|Newhaven]]
|team7=WRH|name_WRH=[[Worthing F.C.|Worthing]]
|team8=SHO|name_SHO=[[Shoreham F.C.|Shoreham]]
|team9=eoc|name_eoc=[[Eastbourne United Association F.C.|Eastbourne Old Comrades]]
|team10=alw|name_alw=[[Bexhill United F.C.|Allen West]]
|team11=ver|name_ver=Vernon Athletic
|team12=chi|name_chi=[[Chichester City F.C. (1873)|Chichester]]
|team13=egr|name_egr=[[East Grinstead Town F.C.|East Grinstead]]
|win_RCS=18|draw_RCS=2|loss_RCS=4|gf_RCS=55|ga_RCS=23
|win_LWS=17|draw_LWS=2|loss_LWS=5|gf_LWS=103|ga_LWS=47
|win_SWK=14|draw_SWK=4|loss_SWK=6|gf_SWK=72|ga_SWK=41
|win_HGS=13|draw_HGS=5|loss_HGS=6|gf_HGS=71|ga_HGS=39
|win_HOV=11|draw_HOV=7|loss_HOV=6|gf_HOV=47|ga_HOV=37
|win_NVN=11|draw_NVN=5|loss_NVN=8|gf_NVN=56|ga_NVN=41
|win_WRH=11|draw_WRH=4|loss_WRH=9|gf_WRH=47|ga_WRH=40
|win_SHO=9|draw_SHO=6|loss_SHO=9|gf_SHO=60|ga_SHO=43
|win_eoc=11|draw_eoc=1|loss_eoc=12|gf_eoc=51|ga_eoc=55
|win_alw=5|draw_alw=7|loss_alw=12|gf_alw=24|ga_alw=55
|win_ver=5|draw_ver=3|loss_ver=16|gf_ver=38|ga_ver=81
|win_chi=3|draw_chi=2|loss_chi=19|gf_chi=34|ga_chi=86
|win_egr=3|draw_egr=2|loss_egr=19|gf_egr=30|ga_egr=100
|col_R=#FFCCCC|text_R=Left the league
|result1=R
|class_rules=1) points; 2) goal difference; 3) number of goals scored.<br />The points system until the 1982–83 season: 2 points for a win, 1 point for a draw and 0 points for losing.
|update=complete|source= [https://www.nonleaguematters.co.uk/nlmnet/Regs1SthB/Susx20.html Non-League Matters]
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Southern Combination League}}
{{1924–25 in English football}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Sussex County Football League 1921-22}}
[[Category:Southern Combination Football League seasons|1924-25]]
[[Category:1924–25 in English football leagues|9]]
| 1,145,370,139 |
[{"title": "Sussex County Football League", "data": {"Season": "1924\u201325", "Champions": "Royal Corps of Signals", "Matches played": "156", "Goals scored": "688 (4.41 per match)"}}]
| false |
# 18th Indiana Infantry Regiment
The 18th Indiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
## Service
- The 18th Indiana Volunteer Infantry was organized at Indianapolis, Indiana, on August 16, 1861.
- Battle of Pea Ridge
- Battle of Port Gibson
- Battle of Champion Hill
- Battle of Big Black River
- Siege of Vicksburg
- Battle of Cedar Creek
- The regiment mustered out of service on August 28, 1865.
## Total strength and casualties
The regiment lost 5 officers and 68 enlisted men killed in action or died of wounds and 1 officers and 130 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 204 fatalities.
## Commanders
- Colonel Thomas Pattison
- Colonel Henry Dana Washburn
|
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18th Indiana Infantry Regiment
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/18th_Indiana_Infantry_Regiment
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en
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Q4557653
| 22,405 |
{{Infobox military unit
|unit_name= 18th Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry
| image=US flag 36 stars.svg
| image_size = 100
|caption=Flag of the United States, 1865-1867
|dates= August 16, 1861, to August 28, 1865
|country= [[United States]]
|allegiance= [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]]
|branch= [[Infantry]]
|equipment=
<!-- Culture and history -->
|battles={{plainlist|
* [[Battle of Pea Ridge]]
* [[Battle of Cotton Plant]]
* [[Battle of Grand Gulf]]
* [[Battle of Port Gibson]]
* [[Battle of Champion Hill]]
* [[Battle of Big Black River Bridge]]
* [[Siege of Vicksburg]] - Assaults of May 19 & 22
* [[Jackson Expedition|Siege of Jackson]]
* [[Battle of Brownsville]]
* [[Battle of Fort Esperanza]]
* [[Battle of Berryville]]
* [[Third Battle of Winchester]]
* [[Battle of Fisher's Hill]]
* [[Battle of Cedar Creek]]}}
}}{{Military unit sidebar
|title=Indiana U.S. Volunteer Infantry Regiments 1861–1865
|previous=[[17th Indiana Infantry Regiment]]
|next=[[19th Indiana Infantry Regiment]]}}
The '''18th Indiana Volunteer Infantry Regiment''' was an [[infantry]] [[regiment]] that served in the [[Union Army]] during the [[American Civil War]].
==Service==
*The 18th Indiana Volunteer Infantry was organized at [[Indianapolis, Indiana]], on August 16, 1861.
*[[Battle of Pea Ridge]]
*[[Battle of Port Gibson]]
*[[Battle of Champion Hill]]
*[[Battle of Big Black River]]
*[[Siege of Vicksburg]]
*[[Battle of Cedar Creek]]
*The regiment mustered out of service on August 28, 1865.
==Total strength and casualties==
The regiment lost 5 officers and 68 enlisted men killed in action or died of wounds and 1 officers and 130 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 204 fatalities.<ref>http://www.civilwararchive.com/Unreghst/unininf2.htm#18th The Civil War Archive website after Dyer, Frederick Henry. '''A Compendium of the War of the Rebellion'''. 3 vols. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1959.</ref>
==Commanders==
* [[Colonel (United States)|Colonel]] Thomas Pattison
* Colonel [[Henry D. Washburn|Henry Dana Washburn]]
==See also==
{{portal|American Civil War|Indiana}}
* [[List of Indiana Civil War regiments]]
* [[Indiana in the Civil War]]
==Notes==
<references/>
==References==
*[http://www.civilwararchive.com/unionin.htm The Civil War Archive - Indiana Units]
*{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20080210075357/http://civilwarindiana.com/reg_history_inf0.html Civil War - Indiana]}}
[[Category:Units and formations of the Union army from Indiana]]
[[Category:1861 establishments in Indiana]]
[[Category:Military units and formations established in 1861]]
[[Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1865]]
| 1,279,643,468 |
[{"title": "18th Regiment Indiana Volunteer Infantry", "data": {"Active": "August 16, 1861, to August 28, 1865", "Country": "United States", "Allegiance": "Union", "Branch": "Infantry", "Engagements": "- Battle of Pea Ridge - Battle of Cotton Plant - Battle of Grand Gulf - Battle of Port Gibson - Battle of Champion Hill - Battle of Big Black River Bridge - Siege of Vicksburg - Assaults of May 19 & 22 - Siege of Jackson - Battle of Brownsville - Battle of Fort Esperanza - Battle of Berryville - Third Battle of Winchester - Battle of Fisher's Hill - Battle of Cedar Creek"}}, {"title": "", "data": {"Previous": "Next", "17th Indiana Infantry Regiment": "19th Indiana Infantry Regiment"}}]
| false |
# 1801 in India
Events in the year 1801 in India.
## Incumbents
- Shah Alam II and the Nawab of Oudh, Mughal Emperor, reigned 10 December 1759 – 19 November 1806
- James Henry Craig, Commander-in-Chief of India, February 1801 – March 1801
- General Gerard Lake, 1st Viscount Lake, Commander-in-Chief of India, March 1801 – July 1805
## Events
- National income - ₹11,209 million
- Annexation of Allahabad by the British.[1]
- Shezada Hyder Ali, grandson of Hyder Ali, joined the Maratha
- Maharaja Ranjit Singh created an imperial power
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1801_in_India
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2024-08-21T10:38:01Z
|
en
|
Q16056181
| 108,703 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Year in India|1801}}
Events in the year '''1801 in India'''.
== Incumbents ==
* [[Shah Alam II]] and the Nawab of Oudh, Mughal Emperor, reigned [[10 December]] [[1759]] – [[19 November]] [[1806]]
* [[James Henry Craig]], Commander-in-Chief of [[India]], [[February]] [[1801]] [[1759|–]] [[March]] [[1801]]
* General [[Gerard Lake, 1st Viscount Lake]], Commander-in-Chief of [[India]], [[March]] [[1801]] – [[July]] [[1805]]
==Events==
* National income - {{INR}}11,209 million
*Annexation of [[Allahabad]] by the British.<ref>''Everyman's Dictionary of Dates''; 6th ed. J. M. Dent, 1971; p. 32</ref>
*[[Shezada Hyder Ali]], grandson of [[Hyder Ali]], joined the [[Maratha]]
*Maharaja Ranjit Singh created an imperial power
==Law==
{{Empty section|date=March 2022}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{India year nav}}
{{Year in Asia|1801}}
[[Category:1801 in India| ]]
[[Category:1801 by country|India]]
[[Category:Years of the 19th century in India]]
{{India-year-stub}}
| 1,241,472,490 |
[{"title": "", "data": {"\u2190 - 1800 - 1799 - 1798": "1801 \u00b7 in \u00b7 India \u00b7 \u2192 - 1802 - 1803 - 1804", "Centuries": "17th 18th 19th 20th 21st", "Decades": "1780s 1790s 1800s 1810s 1820s", "See also": "List of years in India \u00b7 Timeline of Indian history"}}]
| false |
# 1925–26 Vermont men's ice hockey season
The 1925–26 Vermont men's ice hockey season was the inaugural season of play for the program. The team was coached by E. L. Desautels in his 1st season.
## Season
While Students at Vermont had been allowed to put a team together in 1924, it was only on an informal basis. The team was shuttered the following year due to a lack of funding but, thanks to pressure exerted by the '24 players, school President Bailey allocated a large sum of money for the team's return and the first official season for the program. The team managed to get access to Kirby's Rink in nearby Winooski and use the venue for its home rink. While the building gave the team a stable home, it did prevent many students from attending the games during the year due to its distance from campus.
The first match was held against a local semi-pro outfit and saw the team post its first win with Herbert scoring the first two goals in program history. Vermont then played Middlebury and Herbert against staked the team to a 2-goal lead. Unfortunately, the Panthers then staged a dramatic comeback and scored three unanswered to hand the Green and Gold their first defeat. The next game came against Union and turned out to be an exciting contest. The Dutchmen got an early lead but Vermont charged back in the second period. Herbert recorded his third consecutive 2-goal game and was joined by Wood in the third to tie the match at 3-all. Early in the first overtime, Wood notched his second marker to give the Greens a lead but Union quickly responded to tie the game once more. The second overtime saw Union gain the edge but Vermont was unable to respond.
The return game with Middlebury did not go as planned and the team was shutout for the first time. The defensive effort from Denning and Winchenbach was solid but the constant attack from the Panthers eventually worse down Vermont. The Greens then took out their frustrations on Saint Michael's and buried the purple team 12–0. Herbert set a program record with 8 goals in the game with Wood and Fitch each adding a pair. The game was so out of hand that coach Desautels was able to use 6 reserve players in the match in order to give them some game experience.
Chester B. Russell served as team manager.
## Roster
| No. | Nat. | Player | Class | Pos | Height | Weight | DoB | Hometown | Previous team |
| --- | ------------- | ----------------------- | --------- | --- | ------ | ------ | --- | ------------------------- | ------------- |
| | United States | Walter S. Denning (C) | Freshman | D | | | | Brookline, Massachusetts | |
| | United States | Perry M. Fitch | Freshman | F | | | | St. Johnsbury, Vermont | |
| | United States | Auxilien C. Gervais Jr. | Junior | | | | | Burlington, Vermont | |
| | United States | Simeon L. Herbert | Senior | F | | | | Rochester, Vermont | |
| | United States | Donald F. Kimball | Senior | | | | | Enosburg Falls, Vermont | |
| | United States | Edmund R. Mitiguy | Freshman | G | | | | Burlington, Vermont | |
| | United States | Francis A. Winchenbach | Sophomore | D | | | | Framingham, Massachusetts | |
| | United States | Nelson C. Wood | Freshman | F | | | | Lyndonville, Vermont | |
## Standings
| 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings | 1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings |
| | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | Intercollegiate | | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall | Overall |
| GP | W | L | T | Pct. | GF | GA | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA | | |
| ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------- |
| Amherst | 7 | 1 | 4 | 2 | .286 | 11 | 28 | | 7 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 11 | 28 |
| Army | 8 | 3 | 5 | 0 | .375 | 14 | 23 | | 9 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 17 | 30 |
| Bates | 10 | 3 | 6 | 1 | .350 | 18 | 38 | | 10 | 3 | 6 | 1 | 18 | 38 |
| Boston College | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | .667 | 9 | 5 | | 16 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 46 | 54 |
| Boston University | 11 | 7 | 4 | 0 | .636 | 28 | 11 | | 15 | 7 | 8 | 0 | 31 | 28 |
| Bowdoin | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | .667 | 15 | 12 | | 7 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 15 | 17 |
| Clarkson | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | .400 | 10 | 13 | | 8 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 25 | 25 |
| Colby | 5 | 0 | 4 | 1 | .100 | 9 | 18 | | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | – | – |
| Cornell | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0 | .333 | 10 | 21 | | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 10 | 21 |
| Dartmouth | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | | 15 | 12 | 3 | 0 | 72 | 34 |
| Hamilton | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | | 10 | 7 | 3 | 0 | – | – |
| Harvard | 9 | 8 | 1 | 0 | .889 | 34 | 13 | | 11 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 38 | 20 |
| Massachusetts Agricultural | 8 | 3 | 4 | 1 | .438 | 10 | 20 | | 8 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 10 | 20 |
| Middlebury | 8 | 5 | 3 | 0 | .625 | 19 | 16 | | 8 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 19 | 16 |
| MIT | 9 | 3 | 6 | 0 | .333 | 16 | 32 | | 9 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 16 | 32 |
| New Hampshire | 3 | 1 | 2 | 0 | .333 | 5 | 7 | | 7 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 11 | 29 |
| Norwich | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | – | – |
| Princeton | 8 | 5 | 3 | 0 | .625 | 21 | 25 | | 16 | 7 | 9 | 0 | 44 | 61 |
| Rensselaer | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | | 6 | 2 | 4 | 0 | – | – |
| Saint Michael's | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| St. Lawrence | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | .000 | 1 | 4 | | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 4 |
| Syracuse | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | .500 | 8 | 7 | | 7 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 10 | 7 |
| Union | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | .417 | 18 | 24 | | 6 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 18 | 24 |
| Vermont | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | .400 | 20 | 11 | | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 20 | 11 |
| Williams | 15 | 10 | 4 | 1 | .700 | 59 | 23 | | 18 | 12 | 5 | 1 | 72 | 28 |
| Yale | 10 | 1 | 8 | 1 | .150 | 9 | 23 | | 14 | 4 | 9 | 1 | 25 | 30 |
## Schedule and results
| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Record | | | | | | | |
| Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season | Regular Season |
| --------------------- | ------------------------- | ------------------------------------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- |
| ? | vs. Winooski Hockey Club* | Kirby's Rink • Winooski, Vermont | W 2–0 | 1–0–0 | | | | | | | |
| February 15 | Middlebury* | Kirby's Rink • Winooski, Vermont | L 2–3 | 1–1–0 | | | | | | | |
| February 20 | Union* | Kirby's Rink • Winooski, Vermont | L 4–5 2OT | 1–2–0 | | | | | | | |
| February 23 | at Middlebury* | Middlebury Rink • Middlebury, Vermont | L 0–3 | 1–3–0 | | | | | | | |
| February 24 | Saint Michael's* | Kirby's Rink • Winooski, Vermont | W 12–0 | 2–3–0 | | | | | | | |
| *Non-conference game. | | | | | | | | | | | |
## Scoring statistics
| Name | Position | Games | Goals |
| ------------------- | -------- | ----- | ----- |
| Simeon Herbert | F | - | 14 |
| Nelson Wood | F | - | 4 |
| Perry Fitch | F | - | 2 |
| Walter Denning | D | 5 | 0 |
| Francis Winchenbach | D | - | 0 |
| Edmund Mitiguy | G | - | 0 |
| Total | | | 20 |
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enwiki/74498497
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enwiki
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1925–26 Vermont men's ice hockey season
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1925%E2%80%9326_Vermont_men%27s_ice_hockey_season
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2025-02-20T20:37:10Z
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en
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Q121494429
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{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{NCAAIceHockeyTeamSeason
|color = color:white; background:#005710; {{box-shadow border|a|#FFC20E|2px}}
|color text = white
|Teamlink = [[Vermont Catamounts men's ice hockey|{{color|white|Vermont}}]]
|Season = [[1925–26 United States collegiate men's ice hockey season|{{color|white|1925–26}}]]
|Image =
|ImageSize =
|Team = Vermont
|Sex = men
|Conference = NCAA Division I independent schools (ice hockey)
|ShortConference = Independent
|ConferenceRank =
|Poll#1 =
|Poll#1Rank =
|Poll#2 =
|Poll#2Rank =
|Record = 2–3–0
|ConfRecord =
|HomeRecord = 1–2–0
|RoadRecord = 0–1–0
|NeutralRecord = 1–0–0
|HeadCoach = E. L. Desautels
|AsstCoach1 =
|AsstCoach2 =
|Captain = Walter Denning
|AltCaptain =
|Arena = Kirby's Rink
|Champion =
|NCAATourney =
|NCAATourneyResult =
|prevseason =
|nextseason = [[1926–27 Vermont men's ice hockey season|1926–27]]
|headerstyle = {{CollegePrimaryStyle|Vermont Catamounts|color=#FFFFFF}}
|labelstyle = background:#eeeeee;
}}
The '''1925–26 Vermont men's ice hockey season''' was the inaugural season of play for the program. The team was coached by E. L. Desautels in his 1st season.
==Season==
While Students at Vermont had been allowed to put a team together in 1924, it was only on an informal basis.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cdi.uvm.edu/book/uvmcdi-28253#page/322/mode/2up |title=Ariel 1925 |work=The University of Vermont |accessdate=August 1, 2023}}</ref> The team was shuttered the following year due to a lack of funding but, thanks to pressure exerted by the '24 players, school President Bailey allocated a large sum of money for the team's return and the first official season for the program.<ref name = ariel>{{cite web |url=https://cdi.uvm.edu/book/uvmcdi-29638#page/304/mode/2up |title=Ariel 1927 |work=The University of Vermont |accessdate=August 1, 2023}}</ref> The team managed to get access to Kirby's Rink in nearby [[Winooski, Vermont|Winooski]] and use the venue for its home rink. While the building gave the team a stable home, it did prevent many students from attending the games during the year due to its distance from campus.
The first match was held against a local semi-pro outfit and saw the team post its first win with Herbert scoring the first two goals in program history. Vermont then played [[Middlebury Panthers men's ice hockey|Middlebury]] and Herbert against staked the team to a 2-goal lead. Unfortunately, the Panthers then staged a dramatic comeback and scored three unanswered to hand the Green and Gold their first defeat. The next game came against [[Union Dutchmen ice hockey|Union]] and turned out to be an exciting contest. The Dutchmen got an early lead but Vermont charged back in the second period. Herbert recorded his third consecutive 2-goal game and was joined by Wood in the third to tie the match at 3-all. Early in the first overtime, Wood notched his second marker to give the Greens a lead but Union quickly responded to tie the game once more. The second overtime saw Union gain the edge but Vermont was unable to respond.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://nyshistoricnewspapers.org/lccn/sn96027707/1926-02-23/ed-1/seq-1/ |title=Hockey Team Wins and Loses on Trip |work=The Concordiensis |date=February 23, 1926 |accessdate=August 1, 2023}}</ref>
The return game with Middlebury did not go as planned and the team was [[shutout]] for the first time. The defensive effort from Denning and Winchenbach was solid but the constant attack from the Panthers eventually worse down Vermont. The Greens then took out their frustrations on [[Saint Michael's Purple Knights|Saint Michael's]] and buried the purple team 12–0. Herbert set a program record with 8 goals in the game with Wood and Fitch each adding a pair. The game was so out of hand that coach Desautels was able to use 6 reserve players in the match in order to give them some game experience.
Chester B. Russell served as team manager.<ref name = ariel>{{cite web |url=https://cdi.uvm.edu/book/uvmcdi-29638#page/304/mode/2up |title=Ariel 1927 |work=The University of Vermont |accessdate=August 1, 2023}}</ref>
==Roster==
{{College ice hockey team roster | noNHL =yes }}
{{CIHplayer |num= |first=Walter S. |last=Denning |link= |class=fr |rs= |pos=D |ft= |in= |wt= |birthyear= |birthmonth= |birthday= |country=USA |hometown=[[Brookline, Massachusetts]] |prevteam= |prevleague= | noNHL =yes |inj= |cap=C}}
{{CIHplayer |num= |first=Perry M. |last=Fitch |link= |class=fr |rs= |pos=F |ft= |in= |wt= |birthyear= |birthmonth= |birthday= |country=USA |hometown=[[St. Johnsbury, Vermont]] |prevteam= |prevleague= | noNHL =yes |inj= |cap=}}
{{CIHplayer |num= |first=Auxilien C. |last=Gervais Jr. |link= |class=jr |rs= |pos= |ft= |in= |wt= |birthyear= |birthmonth= |birthday= |country=USA |hometown=[[Burlington, Vermont]] |prevteam= |prevleague= | noNHL =yes |inj= |cap=}}
{{CIHplayer |num= |first=Simeon L. |last=Herbert |link= |class=sr |rs= |pos=F |ft= |in= |wt= |birthyear= |birthmonth= |birthday= |country=USA |hometown=[[Rochester, Vermont]] |prevteam= |prevleague= | noNHL =yes |inj= |cap=}}
{{CIHplayer |num= |first=Donald F. |last=Kimball |link= |class=sr |rs= |pos= |ft= |in= |wt= |birthyear= |birthmonth= |birthday= |country=USA |hometown=[[Enosburg Falls, Vermont]] |prevteam= |prevleague= | noNHL =yes |inj= |cap=}}
{{CIHplayer |num= |first=Edmund R. |last=Mitiguy |link= |class=fr |rs= |pos=G |ft= |in= |wt= |birthyear= |birthmonth= |birthday= |country=USA |hometown=[[Burlington, Vermont]] |prevteam= |prevleague= | noNHL =yes |inj= |cap=}}
{{CIHplayer |num= |first=Francis A. |last=Winchenbach |link= |class=so |rs= |pos=D |ft= |in= |wt= |birthyear= |birthmonth= |birthday= |country=USA |hometown=[[Framingham, Massachusetts]] |prevteam= |prevleague= | noNHL =yes |inj= |cap=}}
{{CIHplayer |num= |first=Nelson C. |last=Wood |link= |class=fr |rs= |pos=F |ft= |in= |wt= |birthyear= |birthmonth= |birthday= |country=USA |hometown=[[Lyndonville, Vermont]] |prevteam= |prevleague= | noNHL =yes |inj= |cap=}}
{{end}}
<ref name = ariel>{{cite web |url=https://cdi.uvm.edu/book/uvmcdi-29638#page/304/mode/2up |title=Ariel 1927 |work=The University of Vermont |accessdate=August 1, 2023}}</ref>
==Standings==
{{1925–26 Eastern Collegiate ice hockey standings (men)|team=UVM}}
==Schedule and results==
{{CIH schedule start|time= |attend= |rank=no |tv= |decision= }}
|-
!colspan=12 style="{{CollegePrimaryStyle|Vermont Catamounts |color=#FFFFFF}};" | '''Regular Season'''
{{CIH schedule entry
| date = ?
| time =
| w/l = w
| nonconf = yes
| away =
| neutral = yes
| rank = no
| opponent = Winooski Hockey Club
| opprank =
| site_stadium = Kirby's Rink
| site_cityst = [[Winooski, Vermont]]
| gamename =
| tv =
| score = 2–0
| overtime =
| decision =
| attend =
| record = 1–0–0
| conference =
}}
{{CIH schedule entry
| date = February 15
| time =
| w/l = l
| nonconf = yes
| away =
| neutral =
| rank = no
| opponent = [[Middlebury Panthers men's ice hockey|Middlebury]]
| opprank =
| site_stadium = Kirby's Rink
| site_cityst = [[Winooski, Vermont]]
| gamename =
| tv =
| score = 2–3
| overtime =
| decision =
| attend =
| record = 1–1–0
| conference =
}}
{{CIH schedule entry
| date = February 20
| time =
| w/l = l
| nonconf = yes
| away =
| neutral =
| rank = no
| opponent = [[Union Dutchmen ice hockey|Union]]
| opprank =
| site_stadium = Kirby's Rink
| site_cityst = [[Winooski, Vermont]]
| gamename =
| tv =
| score = 4–5
| overtime = 2OT
| decision =
| attend =
| record = 1–2–0
| conference =
}}
{{CIH schedule entry
| date = February 23
| time =
| w/l = l
| nonconf = yes
| away = yes
| neutral =
| rank = no
| opponent = [[Middlebury Panthers men's ice hockey|Middlebury]]
| opprank =
| site_stadium = Middlebury Rink
| site_cityst = [[Middlebury, Vermont]]
| gamename =
| tv =
| score = 0–3
| overtime =
| decision =
| attend =
| record = 1–3–0
| conference =
}}
{{CIH schedule entry
| date = February 24
| time =
| w/l = w
| nonconf = yes
| away =
| neutral =
| rank = no
| opponent = [[Saint Michael's Purple Knights men's ice hockey|Saint Michael's]]
| opprank =
| site_stadium = Kirby's Rink
| site_cityst = [[Winooski, Vermont]]
| gamename =
| tv =
| score = 12–0
| overtime =
| decision =
| attend =
| record = 2–3–0
| conference =
}}
{{CIH schedule end|time=no|rank=no}}
<ref>{{Cite web|work=UMass Minutemen |url=https://s3.us-east-2.amazonaws.com/sidearm.nextgen.sites/umassathletics.com/documents/2022/9/13/MassachusettsHockeyRecordBook2223.pdf?timestamp=20220913095748 |title=UMASS HOCKEY 2022-23 RECORD BOOK |access-date=July 18, 2023}}</ref>
==Scoring statistics==
{| class="wikitable sortable" width ="40%"
|- align="center"
{{CollegePrimaryHeader|border=2|team=Vermont Catamounts | Name | Position | Games | Goals }}
|- align="center" bgcolor=""
| {{sortname|Simeon|Herbert|nolink=1}} || [[Forward (ice hockey)|F]] ||- ||14
|- align="center" bgcolor="f0f0f0"
| {{sortname|Nelson|Wood|nolink=1}} || [[Forward (ice hockey)|F]] ||- ||4
|- align="center" bgcolor=""
| {{sortname|Perry|Fitch|nolink=1}} || [[Forward (ice hockey)|F]] ||- ||2
|- align="center" bgcolor="f0f0f0"
| {{sortname|Walter|Denning|nolink=1}} || [[Defenseman|D]] ||5 ||0
|- align="center" bgcolor=""
| {{sortname|Francis|Winchenbach|nolink=1}} || [[Defenseman|D]] ||- ||0
|- align="center" bgcolor="f0f0f0"
| {{sortname|Edmund|Mitiguy|nolink=1}} || [[Goaltender|G]] ||- ||0
|-
! Total !! !! !! 20
|}
==References==
{{reflist|50em}}
{{Vermont Catamounts men's ice hockey navbox}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1925-26 Vermont men's ice hockey season}}
[[Category:Vermont Catamounts men's ice hockey seasons]]
[[Category:1925–26 in United States collegiate ice hockey by team|Vermont]]
[[Category:1925 in sports in Vermont|Vermont]]
[[Category:1926 in sports in Vermont|Vermont]]
| 1,276,797,864 |
[{"title": "1925\u201326 Vermont \u00b7 men's ice hockey season", "data": {"Conference": "Independent", "Home ice": "Kirby's Rink"}}, {"title": "Record", "data": {"Overall": "2\u20133\u20130", "Home": "1\u20132\u20130", "Road": "0\u20131\u20130", "Neutral": "1\u20130\u20130"}}, {"title": "Coaches and captains", "data": {"Head coach": "E. L. Desautels", "Captain(s)": "Walter Denning"}}]
| false |
# 1912 College Football All-Southern Team
The 1912 College Football All-Southern Team consists of American football players selected to the College Football All-Southern Teams selected by various organizations for the 1912 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season. Lew Hardage was selected for Walter Camp's third-team All-American. Vanderbilt won the SIAA championship. Georgetown won the SAIAA championship.
Innis Brown, a referee throughout the south, and captain of Vanderbilt's 1905 championship team, was hired to select the team of the Atlanta Constitution. The Constitution's editor Dick Jemison also selected a team. Former Georgia player and captain and then assistant Harold Ketron selected a team. Georgia Tech head coach John Heisman as usual picked one also. Former Mississippi head coach Nathan Stauffer selected an All-Southern team for Collier's Weekly.
## Composite eleven
The composite All-Southern eleven formed by "consolidated pick" of ten sporting writers culled by the Atlanta Constitution editor Dick Jemison included:
- Rube Barker, tackle for Mississippi. Later, he was a practicing physician in Oakland, Illinois.[1]
- Enoch Brown, end for Vanderbilt. Known as "Nuck," he was a Rhodes Scholar.[2]
- Tom Brown, tackle for Vanderbilt. He played with the Toledo Maroons and was later a physician. "He had no peers in his orthopedic ability and contributed greatly to Toledo medicine."[3]
- Jenks Gillem, end for Sewanee. He was a renowned punter and kicker,[4] selected as the punter for the Associated Press Southeast Area All-Time football team 1869-1919 era.[5] He later coached.
- Lew Hardage, halfback and senior-captain for Vanderbilt, unanimous selection, was also selected third-team All-American by Walter Camp, the fourth ever Southern player to get such a recognition.[6] Innis Brown in 1912 wrote "Hardage has been rated as probably the most successful man in the south at making forward passes."
- B. J. Lamb, tackle for Auburn. Known as "Sheep," he practiced tackling on trees.[7]
- Bob McWhorter, halfback for Georgia, unanimous selection. He was the school's first All-American, inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954. Sportswriter Dick Jemison said "When you mention football to an Athens fan its definition is Bob McWhorter, and vice-versa."[8] He was selected for the Associated Press Southeast Area All-Time football team 1869-1919 era.[5] McWhorter went on to have a lengthy law career.
- Hugh Morgan, center for Vanderbilt, unanimous selection. Chosen "by a good margin" wrote Brown.[4] Later, he was a world-renowned internist and medical professor.
- David Peacock, guard for Georgia. Known as "Emp," was an assistant coach for his alma mater in 1914. He was once president pro-tempore of the Georgia state Senate.[9]
- Ammie Sikes, fullback for Vanderbilt. Brown chose him for his speed.[4]
- Lee Tolley, quarterback for Sewanee. Later, he was a Southeastern Conference official.[10]
## Composite overview
Lew Hardage, Bob McWhorter, and Hugh Morgan were unanimous All-Southern selections.
| Name | Position | School | First-team selections |
| ---------------------- | ----------- | ----------------- | --------------------- |
| Lew Hardage | Halfback | Vanderbilt | 10 |
| Bob McWhorter | Halfback | Georgia | 10 |
| Hugh Morgan | Center | Vanderbilt | 10 |
| Enoch Brown | End | Vanderbilt | 8 |
| Tom Brown | Tackle | Vanderbilt | 8 |
| Ammie Sikes | Fullback | Vanderbilt | 8 |
| B. J. Lamb | Tackle | Auburn | 8 |
| Jenks Gillem | End | Sewanee | 7 |
| Hargrove Van de Graaff | End | Alabama | 6 |
| Rube Barker | Tackle | Ole Miss | 6 |
| David Peacock | Guard | Georgia | 6 |
| Lee Tolley | Quarterback | Sewanee | 4 |
| Big Thigpen | Guard | Auburn | 2 |
| Jim Stoney | Guard | Sewanee | 2 |
| F. C. Burns | Guard | Auburn | 2 |
| John Henderson | Guard | Georgia | 2 |
| Guts Meadows | Guard | Auburn | 2 |
| Kirk Newell | Halfback | Auburn | 2 |
| Paul A. Reule | Fullback | Mississippi A & M | 2 |
| R. N. MacCallum | Guard | Sewanee | 1 |
| Herman Daves | Guard | Vanderbilt | 1 |
| Rip Major | Quarterback | Auburn | 1 |
| Alf McDonald | Quarterback | Georgia Tech | 1 |
| Ralph Fletcher | Quarterback | Ole Miss | 1 |
## All-Southerns of 1912
### Ends
- Enoch Brown, Vanderbilt (C, IB, NS-2, H, HK, NT)
- Jenks Gillem, Sewanee (C, IB, NS-1, SS, H, BAH, NT)
- Hargrove Van de Graaff, Alabama (C, SS, HK, BAH)
- Robbie Robinson, Auburn (NS-1)
- Homer Montgomery, Texas A&M (NS-2)
- Slick Stewart, Vanderbilt (AT)
- By Walton, SPU (AT)
### Tackles
- Tom Brown, Vanderbilt (C, IB, NS-1, H, BAH, NT)
- B. J. Lamb, Auburn (C, NS-2, SS, H, HK, BAH, NT, AT)
- Sam Bowler, Texas A & M (NS-2)
- Ewing Y. Freeland, Vanderbilt (AT)
### Guards
- Rube Barker, Mississippi (C, IB [as t], NS-1 [as t], SS [as t], H, BAH, NT)
- David Peacock, Georgia (C, IB, NS-2, HK)
- Big Thigpen, Auburn (C, H)
- Guts Meadows, Auburn (C, H [as t])
- Jim Stoney, Sewanee (C, IB)
- F. C. Burns, Auburn (C, NS-1, HK)
- John Henderson, Georgia (C, HK [as t])
- R. N. MacCallum, Sewanee (C, BAH)
- Herman Daves, Vanderbilt (C, NT)
- H. G. Lambert, Texas A&M (NS-1)
- Tom Dutton, LSU (SS)
- Aubrey Carter, Virginia (NS-2)
- Will Metzger, Vanderbilt (AT)
- Joel Covington, Vanderbilt (AT)
### Centers
- Hugh Morgan, Vanderbilt (C, IB, NS-2, SS [as g], H, HK, BAH, NT)
- John C. Adams, Mississippi (NS-1, AT)
- Brooks Garrett, Tulane (SS)
### Quarterbacks
- Lee Tolley, Sewanee (C, IB, NT)
- Kirk Newell, Auburn (C, NS-2 [as hb], BAH)
- Rip Major, Auburn (C)
- Alf McDonald, Georgia Tech (C, HK)
- Ralph Fletcher, Mississippi (C, AT)
- Harry Costello, Georgetown (NS-1)
- Farley Moody, Alabama (SS)
- R. A. Kern, Texas A & M (NS-2)
### Halfbacks
- Lew Hardage†, Vanderbilt (C, IB, NS-1, SS, H, HK, BAH, NT, AT)
- Bob McWhorter, Georgia (College Football Hall of Fame) (C, IB, NS-2, SS, H, HK, BAH)
- Adrian Van de Graaff, Alabama (NS-1)
- Pete Shields, Mississippi (AT)
### Fullbacks
- Ammie Sikes, Vanderbilt (C, IB, H [as qb], HK, NT [as hb])
- Paul A. Reule, Mississippi A & M (C, NS-1, H, BAH)
- Grady Higginbotham, Texas A & M (SS)
- Wilson Collins, Vanderbilt (NT)
- Ed Vesmirovsky, Texas A & M (NS-2)
- William C. Cahall, Mississippi (AT)
## Key
Bold = Composite selection
† = Unanimous selection
C = received votes for a composite All-Southern eleven from one of ten sports writers compiled by Dick Jemison of the Atlanta Constitution, called the "consolidated pick." The ten came from Innis Brown, John Heisman, Jemison, Julian Murphey, Harold Ketron, The Birmingham Age-Herald, Atticus Mullin, The Montgomery Advertiser, the Memphis Commercial-Appeal and the Nashville Democrat. Votes for multiple positions are combined. Most chose Rube Barker as a guard in this composite.
IB = selected by Innis Brown, captain of 1905 Vanderbilt football team and referee throughout the South.
NS = selected by Nathan P. Stauffer of Collier's Weekly. It had a first and second team, denoted by the numbers 1 or 2.
SS = selected by Sam Sarokin, sporting editor for the New Orleans Item.
H = selected by John Heisman, coach at the Georgia Institute of Technology, as published in Fuzzy Woodruff's A History of Southern Football 1890-1928.
HK = selected by Harold Ketron.
BAH = selected by the Birmingham Age-Herald.
NT = posted in the Nashville Tennessean.
AT = an All-Southern team which played against an All-Texas squad.
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{{short description|American all-star college football team}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
[[File:Innisbrown.jpg|thumb|upright=.65|[[Innis Brown]] as a player.]]
The '''1912 College Football All-Southern Team''' consists of [[American football]] players selected to the [[College Football All-Southern Team]]s selected by various organizations for the [[1912 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season]]. [[Lew Hardage]] was selected for [[Walter Camp]]'s third-team [[1912 College Football All-America Team|All-American]]. [[1912 Vanderbilt Commodores football team|Vanderbilt]] won the [[Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association|SIAA]] championship. [[Georgetown Hoyas football|Georgetown]] won the [[South Atlantic Intercollegiate Athletic Association|SAIAA]] championship.
[[Innis Brown]], a referee throughout the south, and captain of [[Vanderbilt Commodores football|Vanderbilt]]'s [[1905 Vanderbilt Commodores football team|1905 championship team]], was hired to select the team of the ''[[Atlanta Constitution]]''. The ''Constitution'''s editor [[Dick Jemison]] also selected a team. Former Georgia player and captain and then assistant [[Harold Ketron]] selected a team. [[Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football|Georgia Tech]] head coach [[John Heisman]] as usual picked one also. Former [[Ole Miss Rebels football|Mississippi]] head coach [[Nathan Stauffer]] selected an All-Southern team for ''[[Collier's Weekly]]''.
==Composite eleven==
[[Image:Lewhardage.png|thumb|upright=.6|[[Lewie Hardage|Lew Hardage]].]]
[[Image:Ammiesikes.jpg|thumb|upright=.65|[[Ammie Sikes]].]]
The composite All-Southern eleven formed by "consolidated pick" of ten sporting writers culled by the ''Atlanta Constitution'' editor [[Dick Jemison]] included:
*[[Rube Barker]], tackle for Mississippi. Later, he was a practicing [[physician]] in [[Oakland, Illinois]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BB7wAAAAMAAJ|page=14|title=Ole Miss Football|year=1980|author=Lawrence Wells|isbn=9780916242084}}</ref>
*[[Enoch Brown (American football)|Enoch Brown]], end for Vanderbilt. Known as "Nuck," he was a [[Rhodes Scholar]].<ref name =newsouth>{{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=e8s2AQAAMAAJ&q=edgerton&pg=PA328|title=Vanderbilt–A University of the New South|author=Henry Jay Case|page=327|via=[[Google books]]|accessdate=March 5, 2015|journal=Outing|volume=64|year=1914}} {{Open access}}</ref>
*[[Tom Brown (American football, born 1890)|Tom Brown]], tackle for Vanderbilt. He played with the [[Toledo Maroons]] and was later a physician. "He had no peers in his [[orthopedic]] ability and contributed greatly to Toledo medicine."<ref name=rotary>{{cite journal|title=In Memoriam, Dr. Thomas H. Brown|journal=The Toledo Rotary Spoke|date=September 15, 1972}}</ref>
*[[Jenks Gillem]], end for Sewanee. He was a renowned punter and kicker,<ref name=Brown/> selected as the punter for the ''Associated Press'' Southeast Area All-Time football team 1869-1919 era.<ref name="allse">{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1891&dat=19690727&id=2eRGAAAAIBAJ&pg=2256,3526388|newspaper=Gadsden Times|date=July 27, 1969|title=All-Time Football Team Lists Greats Of Past, Present}}</ref> He later coached.
*[[Lew Hardage]], halfback and senior-captain for Vanderbilt, unanimous selection, was also selected third-team All-American by [[Walter Camp]], the fourth ever [[American South|Southern]] player to get such a recognition.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uZhOAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA211|via=[[Google books]]|accessdate=March 5, 2015|title=On the Gridiron and Diamond|page=211|journal=The Kappa Alpha Journal|volume=30|issue=2|last1=Order|first1=Kappa Alpha|year=1913}} {{Open access}}</ref> [[Innis Brown]] in 1912 wrote "Hardage has been rated as probably the most successful man in the south at making [[forward pass]]es."
*[[B. J. Lamb]], tackle for Auburn. Known as "Sheep," he practiced tackling on trees.<ref>{{cite news|work=Gadsden Times|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1891&dat=19730825&id=Z7YfAAAAIBAJ&pg=860,4546789|title=New Book On Auburn Is Most Informative|date=August 25, 1973}}</ref>
*[[Bob McWhorter]], halfback for Georgia, unanimous selection. He was the school's first All-American, inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954. Sportswriter [[Dick Jemison]] said "When you mention football to an [[Athens, Georgia|Athens]] fan its definition is Bob McWhorter, and vice-versa."<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-atlanta-constitution-bob-mwhorter/168238296/|title=Bob M'Whorter|page=9|date=October 5, 1913|work=Atlanta Constitution|via=newspapers.com}} {{Open access}}</ref> He was selected for the ''Associated Press'' Southeast Area All-Time football team 1869-1919 era.<ref name="allse"/> McWhorter went on to have a lengthy law career.
*[[Hugh Jackson Morgan|Hugh Morgan]], center for Vanderbilt, unanimous selection. Chosen "by a good margin" wrote Brown.<ref name=Brown/> Later, he was a world-renowned internist and medical professor.
*[[David Peacock (American football)|David Peacock]], guard for Georgia. Known as "Emp," was an assistant coach for his alma mater in 1914. He was once president pro-tempore of the Georgia state Senate.<ref>{{cite news|work=Weekly Banner|url=http://dlg.galileo.usg.edu/athnewspapers/id:abw1917-0127|title=Hon. Roscoe Peacock, "Vice President of Senate"|via=[[Digital Library of Georgia]]|accessdate=March 5, 2015|date=June 29, 1917|page=1}} {{Open access}}</ref>
*[[Ammie Sikes]], fullback for Vanderbilt. Brown chose him for his speed.<ref name=Brown/>
*[[Lee Tolley]], quarterback for Sewanee. Later, he was a [[Southeastern Conference]] official.<ref name=deaths>{{cite journal|url=https://archive.org/stream/sewaneenews197339univ#page/n13/mode/2up/search/Tolley|title=Deaths|journal=Sewanee News|date=1973|page=14}}</ref>
==Composite overview==
[[Lew Hardage]], [[Bob McWhorter]], and [[Hugh Jackson Morgan|Hugh Morgan]] were unanimous All-Southern selections.
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: left;"
|-
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="27%" | Name
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="13%" | Position
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="14%" | School
! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="10%" | First-team selections
|-
| [[Lew Hardage]] ||[[Halfback (American football)|Halfback]] || [[Vanderbilt Commodores football|Vanderbilt]] || 10
|-
| [[Bob McWhorter]] ||Halfback || [[Georgia Bulldogs football|Georgia]] || 10
|-
| [[Hugh Jackson Morgan|Hugh Morgan]] ||[[Center (American football)|Center]] || Vanderbilt || 10
|-
| [[Enoch Brown (American football)|Enoch Brown]] ||[[End (American football)|End]] || Vanderbilt ||8
|-
| [[Tom Brown (American football, born 1890)|Tom Brown]] ||[[Tackle (American football)|Tackle]] || Vanderbilt|| 8
|-
| [[Ammie Sikes]] ||[[Fullback (American football)|Fullback]] || Vanderbilt ||8
|-
| [[B. J. Lamb]] || Tackle || [[Auburn Tigers football|Auburn]]|| 8
|-
| [[Jenks Gillem]] || End || Sewanee || 7
|-
| [[Hargrove Van de Graaff]] || End|| [[Alabama Crimson Tide football|Alabama]] || 6
|-
| [[Rube Barker]] || Tackle || [[Ole Miss Rebels football|Ole Miss]]|| 6
|-
| [[David Peacock (American football)|David Peacock]]|| Guard || [[Georgia Bulldogs football|Georgia]] || 6
|-
| [[Lee Tolley]] || [[Quarterback]] || [[Sewanee Tigers football|Sewanee]]|| 4
|-
| [[J. H. Thigpen|Big Thigpen]] || Guard || [[Auburn Tigers football|Auburn]]|| 2
|-
| [[Jim Stoney]] || Guard || Sewanee|| 2
|-
| [[F. C. Burns]] || Guard || Auburn|| 2
|-
| [[John G. Henderson|John Henderson]] || Guard || Georgia|| 2
|-
| [[Marion E. Meadows|Guts Meadows]] || Guard || Auburn|| 2
|-
| [[Kirk Newell]] || Halfback || Auburn|| 2
|-
| [[Paul A. Reule]] || Fullback || [[Mississippi State Bulldogs football|Mississippi A & M]]|| 2
|-
| [[R. N. MacCallum]] || Guard || Sewanee|| 1
|-
| [[Herman Daves]] || Guard || Vanderbilt|| 1
|-
| [[Rip Major]]|| Quarterback || Auburn|| 1
|-
|[[Alf McDonald (American football)|Alf McDonald]]||Quarterback||[[Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football|Georgia Tech]]||1
|-
|[[Ralph Fletcher (American football)|Ralph Fletcher]]||Quarterback||[[Ole Miss Rebels football|Ole Miss]]||1
|-
|}
==All-Southerns of 1912==
===Ends===
[[Image:Gillem.png|thumb|upright=.6|[[Jenks Gillem]].]]
*'''[[Enoch Brown (American football)|Enoch Brown]]''', Vanderbilt <small>(C, IB, NS-2, H, HK, NT)</small>
*'''[[Jenks Gillem]]''', Sewanee <small>(C, IB, NS-1, SS, H, BAH, NT)</small>
*[[Hargrove Van de Graaff]], Alabama <small>(C, SS, HK, BAH)</small>
*[[Henry W. Robinson|Robbie Robinson]], Auburn <small>(NS-1)</small>
*Homer Montgomery, Texas A&M <small>(NS-2)</small>
*[[Willis T. Stewart|Slick Stewart]], Vanderbilt <small>(AT)</small>
*[[By Walton]], SPU <small>(AT)</small>
===Tackles===
*'''[[Tom Brown (American football, born 1890)|Tom Brown]]''', Vanderbilt <small>(C, IB, NS-1, H, BAH, NT)</small>
*'''[[B. J. Lamb]]''', Auburn <small>(C, NS-2, SS, H, HK, BAH, NT, AT)</small>
*Sam Bowler, Texas A & M <small>(NS-2)</small>
*[[Ewing Y. Freeland]], Vanderbilt <small>(AT)</small>
===Guards===
[[Image:RubeBarkerYearbook.jpg|thumb|upright=.6|[[Rube Barker]].]]
*'''[[Rube Barker]]''', Mississippi <small>(C, IB [as t], NS-1 [as t], SS [as t], H, BAH, NT)</small>
*'''[[David Peacock (American football)|David Peacock]]''', Georgia <small>(C, IB, NS-2, HK)</small>
*[[J. H. Thigpen|Big Thigpen]], Auburn <small>(C, H)</small>
*[[Marion E. Meadows|Guts Meadows]], Auburn <small>(C, H [as t])</small>
*[[Jim Stoney]], Sewanee <small>(C, IB)</small>
*[[F. C. Burns]], Auburn <small>(C, NS-1, HK)</small>
*[[John G. Henderson|John Henderson]], Georgia <small>(C, HK [as t])</small>
*[[R. N. MacCallum]], Sewanee <small>(C, BAH)</small>
*[[Herman Daves]], Vanderbilt <small>(C, NT)</small>
*H. G. Lambert, Texas A&M <small>(NS-1)</small>
*[[Tom Dutton (American football)|Tom Dutton]], LSU <small>(SS)</small>
*Aubrey Carter, Virginia <small>(NS-2)</small>
*[[Will Metzger]], Vanderbilt <small>(AT)</small>
*Joel Covington, Vanderbilt <small>(AT)</small>
===Centers===
[[Image:HughMorgan.png|thumb|upright=.6|[[Hugh Jackson Morgan|Hugh Morgan]].]]
*'''[[Hugh Jackson Morgan|Hugh Morgan]]''', Vanderbilt <small>(C, IB, NS-2, SS [as g], H, HK, BAH, NT)</small>
*[[John C. Adams]], Mississippi <small>(NS-1, AT)</small>
*Brooks Garrett, Tulane <small>(SS)</small>
===Quarterbacks===
*'''[[Lee Tolley]]''', Sewanee <small>(C, IB, NT)</small>
*[[Kirk Newell]], Auburn <small>(C, NS-2 [as hb], BAH)</small>
*[[Rip Major]], Auburn <small>(C)</small>
*[[Alf McDonald (American football)|Alf McDonald]], Georgia Tech <small>(C, HK)</small>
*[[Ralph Fletcher (American football)|Ralph Fletcher]], Mississippi <small>(C, AT)</small>
*[[Harry Costello]], Georgetown <small>(NS-1)</small>
*[[Farley Moody]], Alabama <small>(SS)</small>
*R. A. Kern, Texas A & M <small>(NS-2)</small>
===Halfbacks===
[[Image:BobMcWhorter.jpg|thumb|upright=.6|[[Bob McWhorter]].]]
*'''[[Lew Hardage]]'''†, Vanderbilt <small>(C, IB, NS-1, SS, H, HK, BAH, NT, AT)</small>
*'''[[Bob McWhorter]]''', Georgia (College Football Hall of Fame) <small>(C, IB, NS-2, SS, H, HK, BAH)</small>
*[[Adrian Van de Graaff]], Alabama <small>(NS-1)</small>
*[[Pete Shields]], Mississippi <small>(AT)</small>
===Fullbacks===
*'''[[Ammie Sikes]]''', Vanderbilt <small>(C, IB, H [as qb], HK, NT [as hb])</small>
*[[Paul A. Reule]], Mississippi A & M <small>(C, NS-1, H, BAH)</small>
*[[Grady Higginbotham]], Texas A & M <small>(SS)</small>
*[[Wilson Collins]], Vanderbilt <small>(NT)</small>
*Ed Vesmirovsky, Texas A & M <small>(NS-2)</small>
*William C. Cahall, Mississippi <small>(AT)</small>
==Key==
<small>'''Bold''' = Composite selection</small>
<small><nowiki>†</nowiki> = Unanimous selection</small>
<small>C = received votes for a composite All-Southern eleven from one of ten sports writers compiled by [[Dick Jemison]] of the ''[[Atlanta Constitution]]'', called the "consolidated pick." The ten came from Innis Brown, [[John Heisman]], Jemison, Julian Murphey, [[Harold Ketron]], ''The Birmingham Age-Herald'', Atticus Mullin, ''[[The Montgomery Advertiser]]'', the ''Memphis Commercial-Appeal'' and the ''Nashville Democrat''. Votes for multiple positions are combined. Most chose [[Rube Barker]] as a guard in this composite.<ref>{{cite news|work=Atlanta Constitution|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1922989//|accessdate=March 4, 2015|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|title=Consolidated All-Southern Chosen by Ten Scribes; Eleven Like Innis Brown's|date=December 3, 1912|page=10}} {{Open access}}</ref></small>
<small>IB = selected by [[Innis Brown]], captain of [[1905 Vanderbilt Commodores football team|1905 Vanderbilt football team]] and referee throughout the South.<ref name=Brown>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1917811//|via=[[Newspapers.com]]|accessdate=March 4, 2015|newspaper=Atlanta Constitution|title=Innis Brown's All-Southern|date=December 1, 1912}} {{Open access}}</ref></small>
<small>NS = selected by [[Nathan Stauffer|Nathan P. Stauffer]] of ''[[Collier's Weekly]]''.<ref name="1913sp">{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/stream/officialnational08nati#page/64/mode/2up/search/%22all+southern%22|title=Spalding's Football Guide|date=1913|via=[[archive.org]]|accessdate=March 5, 2015|pages=25, 65}}{{Open access}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hXcjAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA12-PA13 |title = Collier's|year = 1912}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hXcjAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA12-PA13|journal=Collier's Weekly|volume=50|page=13|title=Collier's All-Southern Football Team|author=Nathan P. Stauffer|via=[[Google books]]|accessdate=March 5, 2015|year=1912}} {{Open access}}</ref> It had a first and second team, denoted by the numbers 1 or 2.</small>
<small>SS = selected by Sam Sarokin, sporting editor for the ''[[New Orleans Item]]''.<ref name="1913sp"/></small>
<small>H = selected by [[John Heisman]], coach at the [[Georgia Institute of Technology]], as published in [[Fuzzy Woodruff]]'s ''A History of Southern Football 1890-1928''.</small>
<small>HK = selected by [[Harold Ketron]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1909937//|title=How All-Southern Team Looks to Coach Ketron|date=December 4, 1912|accessdate=March 3, 2015|page=13|work=The Washington Times|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref></small>
<small>BAH = selected by the ''Birmingham Age-Herald''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/1960554//|work=The Washington Times|title=Birmingham Man Has All-Southern Eleven|date=December 4, 1912|accessdate=March 10, 2015|page=13|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref></small>
<small>NT = posted in the ''[[Nashville Tennessean]]''.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/3264879/the_tennessean/|work=The Tennessean|page=13|author=Spick Hall|title=All-Southern Football Team Selected For 1912|date=December 8, 1912|accessdate=September 21, 2015|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref></small>
<small>AT = an All-Southern team which played against an All-Texas squad.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/2409674/the_houston_post/|work=The Houston Post|title=Texans Should Win Out|date=December 29, 1912|page=18|accessdate=May 14, 2015|via=[[Newspapers.com]]}} {{Open access}}</ref></small>
==See also==
*[[1912 College Football All-America Team]]
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{1912 College Football Composite All-Southerns}}
{{College Football All-Southern Teams}}
[[Category:1912 Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association football season]]
[[Category:College Football All-Southern Teams]]
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# 1902 in archaeology
Below are notable events in archaeology that occurred in 1902.
## Excavations
- Leopoldo Batres initiates first major excavations at Monte Albán.
- E. A. Wallis Budge begins project at Meroë.
- Ludwig Borchardt leads Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft excavations at the Ancient Egyptian necropolis of Abusir.
- Georgios Sotiriadis excavates the tomb of the Macedonian warriors at the Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC).[1]
## Finds
- May 17 – Antikythera mechanism found by Valerios Stais[2]
- Lansing Man found near Lansing, Kansas on the western bank of the Missouri River[3]
- Etruscan chariot at Monteleone di Spoleto
- Tuxtla Statuette
- Böyük Dəhnə ancient artifacts
- Saimaluu Tash petroglyphs
- Tomb KV45 (Userhet) in the Valley of the Kings in Egypt, discovered by Howard Carter working for Theodore M. Davis.
- Neolithic settlement of Magoula Balomenou near Chaeronea, discovered by Georgios Sotiriadis.[1]
## Miscellaneous
- Images of bison on the ceiling of the Cave of Altamira, Spain (discovered in 1879), accepted as authentic of c. 12000 BC.
- Restoration of Lion of Chaeronea begins.[1]
## Births
- February 19 – Humfry Payne, English Classical archaeologist (d. 1936).
- May 10 – Ian Richmond, British archaeologist of Ancient Rome (d. 1965).
- August 25 – Clarence Hungerford Webb, American archaeologist (d. 1991).[4]
- Arvid Andrén, Swedish classical art historian (d. 1999).
## Deaths
- March 2 – Kate Bradbury Griffith, English Egyptologist (b. 1854)
- October 7 – Henry Syer Cuming, antiquarian, collector and secretary of the British Archaeological Association (b. 1817)
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{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use mdy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Year nav topic4|1902|archaeology|science}}
Below are notable events in [[archaeology]] that occurred in [[1902]].
== Excavations==
* [[Leopoldo Batres]] initiates first major excavations at [[Monte Albán]].
* [[E. A. Wallis Budge]] begins project at [[Meroë]].
* [[Ludwig Borchardt]] leads [[Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft]] excavations at the [[Ancient Egypt]]ian [[necropolis]] of [[Abusir]].
* Georgios Sotiriadis excavates the tomb of the [[Macedonia (ancient kingdom)|Macedonia]]n warriors at the [[Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC)]].<ref name=ThebesMuse>{{cite web|title=The scientific work|url=https://www.mthv.gr/en/the-museum/the-scientific-work/|publisher=[[Archaeological Museum of Thebes]]|accessdate=November 23, 2017}}</ref>
==Finds==
* May 17 – [[Antikythera mechanism]] found by [[Valerios Stais]]<ref>{{cite news|title=What is the Antikythera Mechanism? How was this ancient 'computer' discovered?|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/2017/05/17/antikythera-mechanism-discovered-115-years-ago/|newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|location=London|accessdate=May 28, 2017|date=May 1, 2017|last1=Palazzo|first1=Chiara}}</ref>
* [[Lansing Man]] found near [[Lansing, Kansas]] on the western bank of the Missouri River<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bass|first1=William M.|title=Lansing man: A half century later|journal=American Journal of Physical Anthropology|date=January 1973|volume=38|issue=1|pages=99–104|doi=10.1002/ajpa.1330380124|pmid=4345344}}</ref>
* [[Etruscan chariot]] at [[Monteleone di Spoleto]]
* [[Tuxtla Statuette]]
* [[Böyük Dəhnə]] ancient artifacts
* [[Saimaluu Tash]] [[petroglyph]]s
* Tomb [[KV45]] ([[Userhet]]) in the [[Valley of the Kings]] in Egypt, discovered by [[Howard Carter]] working for [[Theodore M. Davis]].
* [[Neolithic]] settlement of Magoula Balomenou near [[Chaeronea]], discovered by Georgios Sotiriadis.<ref name=ThebesMuse/>
==Miscellaneous==
* Images of bison on the ceiling of the [[Cave of Altamira]], Spain (discovered in 1879), accepted as authentic of c. [[12000 BC]].
* Restoration of [[Lion of Chaeronea]] begins.<ref name=ThebesMuse/>
==Births==
* February 19 – [[Humfry Payne]], English Classical archaeologist (d. 1936).
* May 10 – [[Ian Richmond]], British [[archaeologist]] of [[Ancient Rome]] (d. 1965).
* August 25 – [[Clarence Hungerford Webb]], American archaeologist (d. 1991).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/03A24A88E3C57721585516123E78BDB9/S0002731600054299a.pdf/div-class-title-obituary-clarence-hungerford-webb-1902-1991-div.pdf|title=Clarence Hungerford Webb 1902–1991|website=Cambridge.org|accessdate=June 8, 2017}}</ref>
* [[Arvid Andrén]], Swedish classical [[art historian]] (d. 1999).
==Deaths==
* March 2 – [[Kate Bradbury Griffith]], English Egyptologist (b. 1854)
* October 7 – [[Henry Syer Cuming]], antiquarian, collector and secretary of the British Archaeological Association (b. 1817)
==See also==
* [[List of years in archaeology]]
* [[1901 in archaeology]]
* [[1903 in archaeology]]
==References==
{{reflist}}
[[Category:1902 in science|Archaeology]]
[[Category:1900s in archaeology]]
[[Category:Archaeology by year]]
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# 1817 United States House of Representatives election in Mississippi
Mississippi was admitted as a state on December 10, 1817 from the western half of the former Mississippi Territory (the eastern half became Alabama Territory). It elected its first representative to Congress August 4–5, 1817.
| District | Incumbent | Incumbent | Incumbent | This race | This race |
| District | Representative | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates |
| -------------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------------- | ----------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Mississippi at-large | None (District created) | None (District created) | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Democratic-Republican gain. | √ George Poindexter (Democratic-Republican) 99.8% Christopher Rankin (Democratic-Republican) 0.2% |
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1817 United States House of Representatives election in Mississippi
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1817_United_States_House_of_Representatives_election_in_Mississippi
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2025-01-12T01:35:08Z
|
en
|
Q60519122
| 165,541 |
{{short description|none}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Elections in Mississippi}}
Mississippi was admitted as a state on December 10, 1817<ref name="15thRoster">{{cite web | url=https://historycms2.house.gov/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=40205 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181105202744/https://historycms2.house.gov/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=40205 | url-status=dead | archive-date=November 5, 2018 | title=Fifteenth Congress March 4, 1817, to March 3, 1819 | access-date=November 2, 2018 | publisher=Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives | via=History.house.gov }}</ref> from the western half of the former [[Mississippi Territory]] (the eastern half became [[Alabama Territory]]). It elected its first representative to Congress August 4–5, 1817.
{| class=wikitable
|-
! rowspan=2 | District
! colspan=3 | Incumbent
! colspan=2 | This race
|-
! Representative
! Party
! First elected
! Results
! Candidates
|-
| {{ushr|MS|AL|X}}
| colspan=3 | None (District created)
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | New seat.<br/>New member elected.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain'''.
| nowrap | '''√ [[George Poindexter]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 99.8%<br/>[[Christopher Rankin]] (Democratic-Republican) 0.2%
|}
== See also ==
* [[1816 and 1817 United States House of Representatives elections]]
* [[List of United States representatives from Mississippi]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}
{{United States House of Representatives elections}}
[[Category:United States House of Representatives elections in Mississippi|1817]]
[[Category:1817 United States House of Representatives elections|Mississippi]]
[[Category:1817 Mississippi elections|United States House of Representatives]]
{{Mississippi-election-stub}}
| 1,268,888,242 |
[]
| false |
# 1925–26 Western Football League
The 1925–26 season was the 29th in the history of the Western Football League.
From this season, the league consisted of two divisions after a number of reserve teams joined. The Division One champions were Bristol City Reserves. The winners of Division Two were Poole, who were promoted to Division One.
## Division One
Division One consisted of three clubs from the old single-division league, plus two new clubs and five new reserve teams. The number of clubs was thus reduced from thirteen to ten after Peasedown St John left the league.
The seven new teams were:
- Bristol City Reserves, rejoining after leaving the league in 1921.
- Bristol Rovers Reserves, rejoining after leaving the league in 1921.
- Exeter City Reserves, rejoining after leaving the league in 1921.
- Plymouth Argyle Reserves
- Swindon Town Reserves, rejoining after leaving the league in 1921.
- Taunton United
- Torquay United, rejoining after leaving the league in 1922.
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts |
| --- | ------------------------- | --- | -- | - | -- | -- | -- | ----- | --- |
| 1 | Bristol City Reserves | 18 | 10 | 7 | 1 | 58 | 19 | 3.053 | 27 |
| 2 | Bristol Rovers Reserves | 18 | 11 | 2 | 5 | 53 | 36 | 1.472 | 24 |
| 3 | Torquay United | 18 | 9 | 4 | 5 | 28 | 22 | 1.273 | 22 |
| 4 | Yeovil and Petters United | 18 | 7 | 7 | 4 | 33 | 27 | 1.222 | 21 |
| 5 | Swindon Town Reserves | 18 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 32 | 33 | 0.970 | 20 |
| 6 | Weymouth | 18 | 7 | 4 | 7 | 37 | 45 | 0.822 | 18 |
| 7 | Plymouth Argyle Reserves | 18 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 31 | 25 | 1.240 | 17 |
| 8 | Exeter City Reserves | 18 | 6 | 4 | 8 | 33 | 41 | 0.805 | 16 |
| 9 | Taunton United | 18 | 3 | 3 | 12 | 18 | 45 | 0.400 | 9 |
| 10 | Bath City Reserves | 18 | 1 | 4 | 13 | 20 | 50 | 0.400 | 6 |
## Division Two
The new Division Two consisted of the other nine clubs from the old single-division league, and four new teams, three of them reserve teams of Division One clubs.
- Bath City Reserves
- Portland United
- Weymouth Reserves
- Yeovil and Petters United Reserves
| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Promotion |
| --- | ---------------------------------- | --- | -- | - | -- | -- | -- | ----- | --- | ----------------------------- |
| 1 | Poole (P) | 24 | 17 | 3 | 4 | 76 | 30 | 2.533 | 37 | Promoted to Division One |
| 2 | Welton Rovers | 24 | 16 | 4 | 4 | 62 | 37 | 1.676 | 36 | |
| 3 | Weymouth Reserves | 24 | 12 | 4 | 8 | 69 | 47 | 1.468 | 28 | |
| 4 | Lovells Athletic (P) | 24 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 52 | 46 | 1.130 | 24 | Promoted to Division One |
| 5 | Radstock Town | 24 | 9 | 6 | 9 | 31 | 28 | 1.107 | 24 | |
| 6 | Minehead | 24 | 10 | 4 | 10 | 42 | 53 | 0.792 | 24 | |
| 7 | Portland United | 24 | 8 | 7 | 9 | 49 | 56 | 0.875 | 23 | |
| 8 | Trowbridge Town | 24 | 8 | 6 | 10 | 56 | 68 | 0.824 | 22 | |
| 9 | Swindon Victoria | 24 | 9 | 3 | 12 | 55 | 71 | 0.775 | 21 | Left at the end of the season |
| 10 | Paulton Rovers | 24 | 7 | 6 | 11 | 48 | 68 | 0.706 | 20 | Left at the end of the season |
| 11 | Bath City Reserves | 24 | 7 | 5 | 12 | 50 | 53 | 0.943 | 19 | Left at the end of the season |
| 12 | Yeovil and Petters United Reserves | 24 | 7 | 4 | 13 | 48 | 57 | 0.842 | 18 | |
| 13 | Frome Town | 24 | 5 | 6 | 13 | 40 | 64 | 0.625 | 16 | |
|
enwiki/36484891
|
enwiki
| 36,484,891 |
1925–26 Western Football League
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1925%E2%80%9326_Western_Football_League
|
2022-12-08T11:46:25Z
|
en
|
Q16948981
| 106,801 |
{{Infobox football league season
|competition= [[Western Football League]]
|season= 1925–26
|winners= [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]] Reserves (Division One)<br>[[Poole Town F.C.|Poole]] (Division Two)
|promoted=
|relegated=
|matches=
|total goals=
|league topscorer=
|biggest home win=
|biggest away win=
|highest attendance =
|prevseason= [[1924–25 Western Football League|1924–25]]
|nextseason= [[1926–27 Western Football League|1926–27]]
}}
The '''1925–26''' season was the 29th in the history of the [[Western Football League]].
From this season, the league consisted of two divisions after a number of reserve teams joined. The Division One champions were [[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]] Reserves. The winners of Division Two were [[Poole Town F.C.|Poole]], who were promoted to Division One.<ref name="Robinson">Robinson, Michael (ed.), Non-League Football Tables 1889–2006, Soccer Books, 2006</ref>
==Division One==
Division One consisted of three clubs from the old single-division league, plus two new clubs and five new reserve teams. The number of clubs was thus reduced from thirteen to ten after [[Peasedown Miners Welfare F.C.|Peasedown St John]] left the league.
The seven new teams were:
*[[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]] Reserves, rejoining after leaving the league in 1921.
*[[Bristol Rovers F.C.|Bristol Rovers]] Reserves, rejoining after leaving the league in 1921.
*[[Exeter City F.C.|Exeter City]] Reserves, rejoining after leaving the league in 1921.
*[[Plymouth Argyle F.C.|Plymouth Argyle]] Reserves
*[[Swindon Town F.C.|Swindon Town]] Reserves, rejoining after leaving the league in 1921.
*[[Taunton United F.C.|Taunton United]]
*[[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]], rejoining after leaving the league in 1922.
<onlyinclude>{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL
|section=Division One
|winpoints=2
|use_goal_ratio=y
|team1=BRC|name_BRC=[[Bristol City F.C.|Bristol City]] Reserves
|team2=BRR|name_BRR=[[Bristol Rovers F.C.|Bristol Rovers]] Reserves
|team3=TRQ|name_TRQ=[[Torquay United F.C.|Torquay United]]
|team4=YEO|name_YEO=[[Yeovil Town F.C.|Yeovil and Petters United]]
|team5=SWI|name_SWI=[[Swindon Town F.C.|Swindon Town]] Reserves
|team6=WEY|name_WEY=[[Weymouth F.C.|Weymouth]]
|team7=PLY|name_PLY=[[Plymouth Argyle F.C.|Plymouth Argyle]] Reserves
|team8=EXE|name_EXE=[[Exeter City F.C.|Exeter City]] Reserves
|team9=TAU|name_TAU=[[Taunton United F.C.|Taunton United]]
|team10=BAT|name_BAT=[[Bath City F.C.|Bath City]] Reserves
|win_BRC=10|draw_BRC=7|loss_BRC=1|gf_BRC=58|ga_BRC=19
|win_BRR=11|draw_BRR=2|loss_BRR=5|gf_BRR=53|ga_BRR=36
|win_TRQ=9|draw_TRQ=4|loss_TRQ=5|gf_TRQ=28|ga_TRQ=22
|win_YEO=7|draw_YEO=7|loss_YEO=4|gf_YEO=33|ga_YEO=27
|win_SWI=6|draw_SWI=8|loss_SWI=4|gf_SWI=32|ga_SWI=33
|win_WEY=7|draw_WEY=4|loss_WEY=7|gf_WEY=37|ga_WEY=45
|win_PLY=6|draw_PLY=5|loss_PLY=7|gf_PLY=31|ga_PLY=25
|win_EXE=6|draw_EXE=4|loss_EXE=8|gf_EXE=33|ga_EXE=41
|win_TAU=3|draw_TAU=3|loss_TAU=12|gf_TAU=18|ga_TAU=45
|win_BAT=1|draw_BAT=4|loss_BAT=13|gf_BAT=20|ga_BAT=50
|update=complete|source=
}}</onlyinclude>
==Division Two==
The new Division Two consisted of the other nine clubs from the old single-division league, and four new teams, three of them reserve teams of Division One clubs.
*[[Bath City F.C.|Bath City]] Reserves
*[[Portland United F.C.|Portland United]]
*[[Weymouth F.C.|Weymouth]] Reserves
*[[Yeovil Town F.C.|Yeovil and Petters United]] Reserves
<onlyinclude>{{#invoke:sports table|main|style=WDL
|res_col_header=P
|section=Division Two
|show_limit=5
|winpoints=2
|use_goal_ratio=y
|team1=PLT|name_PLT=[[Poole Town F.C.|Poole]]
|team2=WLT|name_WLT=[[Welton Rovers F.C.|Welton Rovers]]
|team3=WEY|name_WEY=[[Weymouth F.C.|Weymouth]] Reserves
|team4=LOV|name_LOV=[[Lovells Athletic F.C.|Lovells Athletic]]
|team5=RAD|name_RAD=[[Radstock Town F.C.|Radstock Town]]
|team6=MIN|name_MIN=[[Minehead F.C.|Minehead]]
|team7=POR|name_POR=[[Portland United F.C.|Portland United]]
|team8=TRO|name_TRO=[[Trowbridge Town F.C.|Trowbridge Town]]
|team9=MVI|name_MVI=[[Malmesbury Victoria F.C.|Swindon Victoria]]
|team10=PAU|name_PAU=[[Paulton Rovers F.C.|Paulton Rovers]]
|team11=BAT|name_BAT=[[Bath City F.C.|Bath City]] Reserves
|team12=YEO|name_YEO=[[Yeovil Town F.C.|Yeovil and Petters United]] Reserves
|team13=FRO|name_FRO=[[Frome Town F.C.|Frome Town]]
|win_PLT=17|draw_PLT=3|loss_PLT=4|gf_PLT=76|ga_PLT=30|status_PLT=P
|win_WLT=16|draw_WLT=4|loss_WLT=4|gf_WLT=62|ga_WLT=37
|win_WEY=12|draw_WEY=4|loss_WEY=8|gf_WEY=69|ga_WEY=47
|win_LOV=8|draw_LOV=8|loss_LOV=8|gf_LOV=52|ga_LOV=46|status_LOV=P
|win_RAD=9|draw_RAD=6|loss_RAD=9|gf_RAD=31|ga_RAD=28
|win_MIN=10|draw_MIN=4|loss_MIN=10|gf_MIN=42|ga_MIN=53
|win_POR=8|draw_POR=7|loss_POR=9|gf_POR=49|ga_POR=56
|win_TRO=8|draw_TRO=6|loss_TRO=10|gf_TRO=56|ga_TRO=68
|win_MVI=9|draw_MVI=3|loss_MVI=12|gf_MVI=55|ga_MVI=71
|win_PAU=7|draw_PAU=6|loss_PAU=11|gf_PAU=48|ga_PAU=68
|win_BAT=7|draw_BAT=5|loss_BAT=12|gf_BAT=50|ga_BAT=53
|win_YEO=7|draw_YEO=4|loss_YEO=13|gf_YEO=48|ga_YEO=57
|win_FRO=5|draw_FRO=6|loss_FRO=13|gf_FRO=40|ga_FRO=64
|col_P=#ACE1AF|text_P=Promoted to [[1926-27 Western Football League#Division One|Division One]]
|result1=P|result4=P
|col_LFT=red1|text_LFT=Left at the end of the season
|result9=LFT|result10=LFT|result11=LFT
|class_rules=The system of using [[goal average]] to separate two teams tied on points was used up to and including the 1976–77 season. The points system: 2 points for a win, 1 point for a draw and 0 points for losing.
|update=complete|source=
}}</onlyinclude>
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Western League}}
{{1925–26 in English football}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Western Football League, 1925-26}}
[[Category:Western Football League seasons|1925-26]]
[[Category:1925–26 in Welsh football]]
[[Category:1925–26 in English football leagues]]
| 1,126,264,697 |
[{"title": "Western Football League", "data": {"Season": "1925\u201326", "Champions": "Bristol City Reserves (Division One) \u00b7 Poole (Division Two)"}}]
| false |
# 1903 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1903 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 17th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887.
Dungourney were the defending champions.
Blackrock won the championship following a 2–8 to 1–10 defeat of St. Finbarr's in the final. This was their ninth championship title and their first title in five championship seasons.
## Results
Final
| 10 April 1904 Final | Blackrock | 2-08 – 1-10 | St. Finbarr’s | Turners Cross, Cork |
## Championship statistics
### Miscellaneous
- Blackrock and St Finbarr's face each-other in the final for the first time.
- Following their county championship success, Blackrock represent Cork in the inter-county championship. They become the sixth Cork team to win the All-Ireland title.
- The final is played in Turners Cross for the last time.
|
enwiki/55768661
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enwiki
| 55,768,661 |
1903 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1903_Cork_Senior_Hurling_Championship
|
2023-07-26T07:34:48Z
|
en
|
Q48797191
| 57,079 |
{{Short description|Annual hurling competition season}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{Use Hiberno-English|date=July 2021}}
{{infobox hurling championship
| name = 1903 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
| champions = [[Blackrock GAA|Blackrock]]
| count = 9
| champions captain = [[Steva Riordan]]
| runners-up = [[St. Finbarr's GAA|St. Finbarr’s]]
| previous year = 1902
| previous tournament = 1902 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
| next year = 1904
| next tournament = 1904 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
}}
The '''1903 Cork Senior Hurling Championship''' was the 17th staging of the [[Cork Senior Hurling Championship]] since its establishment by the [[Cork GAA|Cork County Board]] in 1887.
[[Dungourney GAA|Dungourney]] were the [[1902 Cork Senior Hurling Championship|defending champions]].
[[Blackrock GAA|Blackrock]] won the championship following a 2–8 to 1–10 defeat of [[St. Finbarr's GAA|St. Finbarr's]] in the final.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hoganstand.com/Cork/Titles.aspx|title=County championship roll of honour|publisher=Hogan Stand|access-date=10 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714164158/http://www.hoganstand.com/cork/Titles.aspx|archive-date=2014-07-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> This was their ninth championship title and their first title in five championship seasons.
==Results==
'''Final'''
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = 10 April 1904
| round = Final
| team1 = [[Blackrock GAA|Blackrock]]
| score = 2-08 – 1-10
| team2 = [[St. Finbarr's GAA|St. Finbarr’s]]
| stadium = [[Turners Cross (stadium)|Turners Cross]], [[Cork (city)|Cork]]
}}
==Championship statistics==
===Miscellaneous===
* [[Blackrock GAA|Blackrock]] and [[St Finbarr's National Hurling & Football Club|St Finbarr's]] face each-other in the final for the first time.
* Following their county championship success, Blackrock represent [[Cork GAA|Cork]] in the inter-county championship. They become the sixth Cork team to win the [[All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship|All-Ireland]] title.
* The final is played in [[Turners Cross (stadium)|Turners Cross]] for the last time.
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Cork Senior Hurling Championships}}
[[Category:1903 senior hurling county championships|Cork Senior Hurling Championship]]
[[Category:Cork Senior Hurling Championship]]
{{Hurling-competition-stub}}
| 1,167,190,172 |
[{"title": "1903 Cork Senior Hurling Championship", "data": {"Champions": "Blackrock (9th title) \u00b7 Steva Riordan (captain)", "Runners-up": "St. Finbarr\u2019s"}}, {"title": "Runners-up", "data": {"\u2190 1902 (Previous)": "(Next) 1904 \u2192"}}]
| false |
# 1914 Belfast Corporation election
An election to Belfast Corporation took place in 1914 as part of that year's Irish local elections. This would be the last election before the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1919, which would replace the traditional FPTP based ward system with an STV system based on proportional representation. The election saw Unionists continuing their dominance of the council, winning a massive majority of the council's seats.
Sixteen seats were up for election, with a total of forty-eight candidates nominated. Publican John Boston was nominated for every seat, in order to ensure that they would have a contest. The Falls and St Anne's wards had the most candidates, with seven each. Arthur Trew stood in both the Falls and Shankill wards.
After the election Crawford McCullagh was elected by the new council as Lord Mayor of Belfast.
## Council composition by party
| Party | Party | Seats | ± |
| ------ | ------------------- | ----- | - |
| | Irish Unionist | 52 | |
| | United Irish League | 8 | |
| Totals | Totals | 60 | |
## Results by party
| Party | Party | Seats | ± | Votes | % | ±% |
| ------ | ------------------- | ----- | - | ------ | ------ | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | 14 | | 12,944 | 71.88 | |
| | United Irish League | 2 | | 2,316 | 12.86 | |
| | Independent | 0 | | 1,282 | 7.12 | |
| | John Boston | 0 | | 1,218 | 6.76 | |
| | Ind. Unionist | 0 | | 247 | 1.37 | |
| Totals | Totals | 16 | | 18,007 | 100.00 | — |
## Ward results
### Clifton Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------ | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Robert Dunlop (incumbent Councillor) | 369 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 56 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 313 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 425 | | |
### Cromac Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Robert Thomson M.B. (incumbent Councillor) | 549 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 75 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 474 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 624 | | |
### Court Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Joseph Davison (incumbent Councillor) | 1138 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 48 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1090 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1186 | | |
### Dock Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- | ----- | ----- | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Dr Samuel William Allworthy M.D. (incumbent Councillor) | 484 | 89.13 | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 59 | 10.87 | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 425 | 78.27 | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 543 | 16.38 | |
### Duncairn Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Thomas Erskine Alexander (incumbent Councillor) | 300 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 32 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 268 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 332 | | |
### Falls Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ----------------- | ----------------------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Nationalist | John Collins (incumbent Councillor) | 1,555 | | |
| | Irish Nationalist | James Leo McDonnell | 761 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 91 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 268 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,646 | | |
### Ormeau Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ---------------------------------------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | William Frederick Coates J.P. (incumbent Councillor) | 1,129 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 168 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 268 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,297 | | |
### Pottinger Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ----------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Arthur Stanley Atkinson | 1,831 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 247 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1,584 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,078 | | |
### St. Anne's Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------------ | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Francis Curley J.P. (incumbent Councillor) | 899 | | |
| | Independent | George Park | 644 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 53 | | |
| | Independent | Walter Holdinrake | 37 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 255 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1,633 | | |
### Shankhill Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | -------------------------------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | William George Turner (incumbent Councillor) | 2288 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 132 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2156 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2420 | | |
### St George's Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Charles Hinds | 1,500 | | |
| | Independent | Joseph Tyney | 601 | | |
| | Ind. Unionist | James Mateer | 247 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 11 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 899 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 2,359 | | |
### Smithfield
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Patrick Dempsey J.P. (incumbent Councillor) | 634 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 39 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 595 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 673 | | |
### Victoria Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------ | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Frank Workman (incumbent Councillor) | 207 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 53 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 154 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 260 | | |
### Windsor Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ------------------------------------ | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | Henry Riddell (incumbent Councillor) | 458 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 63 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 395 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 521 | | |
### Woodvale Ward
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | -------------- | ----------------------------------------------- | ----- | - | -- |
| | Irish Unionist | James Alexander Laughlin (incumbent Councillor) | 1158 | | |
| | Independent | John Boston | 91 | | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 1067 | | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 1249 | | |
|
enwiki/48577146
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enwiki
| 48,577,146 |
1914 Belfast Corporation election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1914_Belfast_Corporation_election
|
2023-12-16T06:42:04Z
|
en
|
Q24196487
| 163,789 |
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1914 Belfast Corporation election
| country = United Kingdom
| type = Parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| party_colour = yes
| previous_election = 1911 Belfast Corporation election
| previous_year = 1911
| next_election = 1920 Belfast Corporation election
| next_year = 1920
| seats_for_election = 16 seats to [[Belfast Corporation]]
| majority_seats = 9
| election_date = 15 January 1914
<!-- Irish Unionist -->
| party1 = Irish Unionist Alliance
| seats1 = '''14'''
| image1 =
| leader1 = [[R. J. McMordie]]
| seat_change1 =
<!-- Nationalists -->
| image2 = [[File:No image.svg|100px]]
| party2 = United Irish League
| seats2 = 2
| leader2 =
| seat_change2 =
| map_image = Belfast Corporation Election 1914 (Ward Results).svg
| map_size = 300px
| map_caption = Map showing the election results by ward.
| title = Council control
| posttitle = Council control after election
| before_election = Irish Unionist
| after_election = Irish Unionist
}}
'''An election to [[Belfast Corporation]]''' took place in 1914 as part of [[1914 Irish local elections|that year's Irish local elections]]. This would be the last election before the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1919, which would replace the traditional [[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]] based ward system with an [[Single transferable vote|STV]] system based on proportional representation. The election saw Unionists continuing their dominance of the council, winning a massive majority of the council's seats.<ref name="Laffan">{{cite book |last=Laffan |first=Michael |title=The Resurrection of Ireland: The Sinn Féin Party, 1916–1923 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zbz6p-O39aoC&q=labour+ireland+1920+394+seats&pg=PA327 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=327 |isbn= 9781139426299|year=1999 }}</ref>
Sixteen seats were up for election, with a total of forty-eight candidates nominated. Publican John Boston was nominated for every seat, in order to ensure that they would have a contest. The Falls and St Anne's wards had the most candidates, with seven each. [[Arthur Trew]] stood in both the Falls and Shankill wards.<ref>"Municipal elections in the provinces", ''[[Irish Times]]'', 10 January 1914</ref>
After the election [[Crawford McCullagh]] was elected by the new council as [[Lord Mayor of Belfast]].
==Council composition by party==
{| class=wikitable
! colspan=2 align=center|Party
! valign=top|Seats
! valign=top|±
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Irish Unionist Alliance}}
| align=right|'''52'''
| align=right|
|-
| {{Party name with colour|United Irish League}}
| align=right|8
| align=right|
|-
| colspan=2 align=center|'''Totals'''
| align=right |'''60'''
| align=center|
|}
==Results by party==
{| class=wikitable
|- border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=5
! colspan=2 align=center|Party
! valign=top|Seats
! valign=top|±
! valign=top|Votes
! valign=top|%
! valign=top|±%
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Irish Unionist Alliance}}
| align=right|'''14'''
| align=right|
| align=right|'''12,944'''
| align=right|'''71.88'''
| align=right|
|-
| {{Party name with colour|United Irish League}}
| align=right|2
| align=right|
| align=right|2,316
| align=right|12.86
| align=right|
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Independent (politician)}}
| align=right|0
| align=right|
| align=right|1,282
| align=right|7.12
| align=right|
|-
|
|John Boston
| align=right|0
| align=right|
| align=right|1,218
| align=right|6.76
| align=right|
|-
| {{Party name with colour|Independent Unionist}}
| align=right|0
| align=right|
| align=right|247
| align=right|1.37
| align=right|
|-
| colspan=2 align=center|'''Totals'''
| align=right |'''16'''
| align=center|
| align=right |'''18,007'''
| align=center|'''100.00'''
| align=center|—
|}
==Ward results==
===Clifton Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Clifton Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />Electorate: 6182}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Robert Dunlop'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 369
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 56
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 313
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 425
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Cromac Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Cromac Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />Electorate: 5205}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Robert Thomson M.B.'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 549
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 75
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 474
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 624
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Court Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Court Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />Electorate: 3450}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Joseph Davison'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 1138
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 48
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1090
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1186
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Dock Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Dock Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan">[https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000038/19140116/091/0005 Belfast News-Letter - Friday 16 January 1914]</ref><br />Electorate: 3,316}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Dr Samuel William Allworthy M.D.'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 484
|percentage = 89.13
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 59
|percentage = 10.87
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 425
|percentage = 78.27
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 543
|percentage = 16.38
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Duncairn Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Duncairn Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />Electorate: 5,568}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Thomas Erskine Alexander'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 300
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 32
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 268
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 332
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Falls Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Falls Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />(2 Councillors)<br />Electorate: 4,561}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Nationalist Party (Ireland)
|candidate = '''John Collins'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = '''1,555'''
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Nationalist Party (Ireland)
|candidate = '''James Leo McDonnell'''
|votes = '''761'''
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 91
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 268
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,646
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Ormeau Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Ormeau Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />(1 Councillor)<br />Electorate: 6,893}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''[[Sir William Coates, 1st Baronet|William Frederick Coates J.P.]]'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = '''1,129'''
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 168
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 268
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,297
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Pottinger Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Pottinger Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />(1 Councillor)<br />Electorate: 7,111}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Arthur Stanley Atkinson'''
|votes = '''1,831'''
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 247
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1,584
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 2,078
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===St. Anne's Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = St. Anne's Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />(1 Councillor)<br />Electorate: 5,283}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Francis Curley J.P.'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = '''899'''
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = George Park
|votes = 644
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 53
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Walter Holdinrake
|votes = 37
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 255
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1,633
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Shankhill Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Shankhill Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />Electorate: 5974}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''William George Turner'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 2288
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 132
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 2156
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 2420
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===St George's Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = St George's Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />(1 Councillor)<br />Electorate: 3,284}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Charles Hinds'''
|votes = '''1,500'''
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = Joseph Tyney
|votes = 601
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent Unionist
|candidate = James Mateer
|votes = 247
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 11
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 899
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 2,359
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Smithfield===
{{Election box begin | title = Smithfield Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />Electorate: 2424}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Patrick Dempsey J.P.'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 634
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 39
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 595
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 673
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Victoria Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Victoria Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />Electorate: 4593}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Frank Workman'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 207
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 53
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 154
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 260
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Windsor Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Victoria Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />Electorate: 5387}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''Henry Riddell'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 458
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 63
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 395
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 521
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
===Woodvale Ward===
{{Election box begin | title = Woodvale Ward<ref name="BelNL 16Jan"/><br />Electorate: 4174}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Irish Unionist Alliance
|candidate = '''James Alexander Laughlin'''<br />(incumbent Councillor)
|votes = 1158
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link
|party = Independent (politician)
|candidate = John Boston
|votes = 91
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
|votes = 1067
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
|votes = 1249
|percentage =
|change =
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{United Kingdom local elections, 1914}}
{{County Antrim elections}}
[[Category:1914 Irish local elections]]
[[Category:Belfast City Council elections|1914]]
| 1,190,151,977 |
[{"title": "1914 Belfast Corporation election", "data": {"\u2190 1911": "15 January 1914 \u00b7 1920 \u2192"}}, {"title": "16 seats to Belfast Corporation \u00b7 9 seats needed for a majority", "data": {"Leader": "R. J. McMordie", "Party": "Irish Unionist \u00b7 United Irish League", "Seats won": "14 \u00b7 2", "16 seats to Belfast Corporation \u00b7 9 seats needed for a majority": "Map showing the election results by ward.", "Council control before election \u00b7 Irish Unionist \u00b7": "Council control after election \u00b7 Irish Unionist"}}]
| false |
# 1831 National Republican National Convention
The 1831 National Republican National Convention was held to determine the presidential ticket of the National Republican Party in the 1832 United States presidential election. The convention was held in Baltimore, Maryland in December 1831. The party nominated Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky for president and former Representative John Sergeant of Pennsylvania for vice president.
The 1831 National Republican National Convention was the first U.S. presidential nominating convention held by a major party, though a third party, the Anti-Masonic Party, had held a presidential nominating convention earlier in 1831. 155 delegates from 18 of the 24 states attended the convention. Clay was the unanimous choice for president of the party's delegates. He was the first sitting member of the United States Senate to be nominated for president.
In the 1832 presidential election, Clay was defeated by President Andrew Jackson of the Democratic Party. After the 1832 election, the National Republican Party, the Anti-Masonic Party, and other opponents of Jackson coalesced into the Whig Party. Thus, the 1831 convention was the only national convention ever held by the National Republican Party.
|
enwiki/59420368
|
enwiki
| 59,420,368 |
1831 National Republican National Convention
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1831_National_Republican_National_Convention
|
2025-03-02T15:10:32Z
|
en
|
Q60034371
| 40,149 |
{{short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{use mdy dates|date=July 2021}}
{{Infobox National Political Convention
| year = 1831
| party = National Republican
| image = Henry Clay (copy after Edward Dalton Marchant).jpg
| image_size = 133
| image2 = JohnSergeant.png
| image_size2 = 125
| caption = Nominees <br> Clay and Sergeant
| date = December 1831
| city = [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]]
| presidential_nominee = [[Henry Clay]]
| presidential_nominee_state = [[Kentucky]]
| vice_presidential_nominee = [[John Sergeant (politician)|John Sergeant]]
| vice_presidential_nominee_state = [[Pennsylvania]]
| first_year = yes
| next_year =
| election_year = 1832
}}
The '''1831 National Republican National Convention''' was held to determine the presidential ticket of the [[National Republican Party]] in the [[1832 United States presidential election]]. The convention was held in [[Baltimore]], [[Maryland]] in December 1831. The party nominated Senator [[Henry Clay]] of [[Kentucky]] for president and former Representative [[John Sergeant (politician)|John Sergeant]] of [[Pennsylvania]] for vice president.
The 1831 National Republican National Convention was the first [[United States presidential nominating convention|U.S. presidential nominating convention]] held by a [[major party]], though a [[third party (United States)|third party]], the [[Anti-Masonic Party]], had held a presidential nominating convention earlier in 1831. 155 delegates from 18 of the 24 states attended the convention. Clay was the unanimous choice for president of the party's delegates.<ref name="aglass1">{{cite news |last1=Glass |first1=Andrew |title=First national political convention held: Dec. 13, 1831 |url=https://www.politico.com/story/2016/12/national-republicans-hold-first-major-national-political-convention-dec-13-1831-232486 |accessdate=18 December 2018 |publisher=Politico |date=13 December 2016}}</ref> He was the first sitting member of the [[United States Senate]] to be nominated for president.<ref>{{cite web |title=Henry Clay Celebrates a First |url=https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/minute/Celebrating_a_first.htm |publisher=United States Senate |accessdate=18 December 2018}}</ref>
In the 1832 presidential election, Clay was defeated by President [[Andrew Jackson]] of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]].<ref name="aglass1"/> After the 1832 election, the National Republican Party, the Anti-Masonic Party, and other opponents of Jackson coalesced into the [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig Party]]. Thus, the 1831 convention was the only national convention ever held by the National Republican Party.
== See also ==
* [[1832 Democratic National Convention]]
* [[1832 United States presidential election]]
* [[1839 Whig National Convention]]
== References ==
{{reflist}}{{Henry Clay}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:1832 United States presidential election]]
[[Category:1831 in Maryland]]
[[Category:1831 conferences]]
[[Category:December 1831|Whig National Convention]]
[[Category:United States presidential nominating conventions]]
{{US-poli-stub}}
| 1,278,451,218 |
[{"title": "Convention", "data": {"Date(s)": "December 1831", "City": "Baltimore, Maryland"}}, {"title": "Candidates", "data": {"Presidential nominee": "Henry Clay of Kentucky", "Vice-presidential nominee": "John Sergeant of Pennsylvania"}}]
| false |
# 1849 Tennessee gubernatorial election
The 1849 Tennessee gubernatorial election was held on August 2, 1849, to elect the Governor of Tennessee. Democratic nominee and Colonel in the US Army William Trousdale defeated Whig nominee and incumbent Governor Neill S. Brown by a slim margin.
## General election
On election day, 2 August 1849, Democratic nominee William Trousdale won the election by a margin of 574 votes against his opponent Whig nominee and incumbent Governor Neill S. Brown, thereby gaining Democratic control over the office of Governor. Trousdale was sworn in as the 13th Governor of Tennessee on 16 October 1849.
### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| ----------- | ------------------------- | -------------------------- | ------- | ------ |
| | Democratic | William Trousdale | 61,740 | 50.57 |
| | Whig | Neill S. Brown (incumbent) | 60,350 | 49.43 |
| Total votes | Total votes | Total votes | 122,090 | 100.00 |
| | Democratic gain from Whig | | | |
|
enwiki/76099603
|
enwiki
| 76,099,603 |
1849 Tennessee gubernatorial election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1849_Tennessee_gubernatorial_election
|
2025-01-23T04:10:07Z
|
en
|
Q124714128
| 136,192 |
{{short description|none}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2025}}
<!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1849 Tennessee gubernatorial election
| type = Presidential
| country =
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1847 Tennessee gubernatorial election
| previous_year = 1847
| next_election = 1851 Tennessee gubernatorial election
| next_year = 1851
| election_date = August 2, 1849
| image1 = [[File:Trousdale-william-portrait1.jpg|125px]]
| nominee1 = '''[[William Trousdale]]'''
| party1 = Democratic Party (United States)
| popular_vote1 = '''61,740'''
| percentage1 = '''50.57%'''
| image2 = [[File:Neill Smith Brown by Mathew Brady 1849 (3x4a).jpg|125px]]
| nominee2 = [[Neill S. Brown]]
| party2 = Whig Party (United States)
| popular_vote2 = 60,350
| percentage2 = 49.43%
| map_image = 1849 Tennessee gubernatorial election results map by county.svg
| map_size = 350px
| map_caption = County results<br/>'''Trousdale''': {{legend0|#7996E2|50–60%}} {{legend0|#6674DE|60–70%}} {{legend0|#584CDE|70–80%}} {{legend0|#3933E5|80–90%}}<br/>'''Brown''': {{legend0|#FED463|50–60%}} {{legend0|#FE9929|60–70%}} {{legend0|#EC7014|70–80%}} {{legend0|#CC4C02|80–90%}} {{legend0|#8C2D04|90–100%}}<br/>'''No Data/Vote''': {{legend0|#808080}}
| title = Governor
| before_election = [[Neill S. Brown]]
| before_party = Whig Party (United States)
| after_election = [[William Trousdale]]
| after_party = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Elections in Tennessee}}
The '''1849 Tennessee gubernatorial election''' was held on August 2, 1849, to elect the [[List of governors of Tennessee|Governor of Tennessee]]. [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee and [[Colonel (United States)|Colonel]] in the [[United States Army|US Army]] [[William Trousdale]] defeated [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] nominee and [[incumbent]] Governor [[Neill S. Brown]] by a slim margin.<ref name=ZER>{{cite web |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/william-trousdale/ |title=Gov. William Trousdale |publisher=nga.org |date= |access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref><ref>''[https://books.google.com/books?id=2NEGAQAAIAAJ&q=tennessee+blue+book+1890 Tennessee Blue Book]'' (1890), p. 170.</ref>
== General election ==
On election day, 2 August 1849, [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee [[William Trousdale]] won the election by a margin of 574 votes against his opponent [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] nominee and incumbent Governor [[Neill S. Brown]], thereby gaining Democratic control over the office of Governor. Trousdale was sworn in as the 13th [[Governor of Tennessee]] on 16 October 1849.<ref name=GBN>{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=238465 |title=TN Governor |publisher=ourcampaigns.com |date=7 June 2005 |access-date=15 February 2024}}</ref>
=== Results ===
{{Election box begin no change | title=Tennessee gubernatorial election, 1849|
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|
|party = Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate = [[William Trousdale]]
|votes = 61,740
|percentage = 50.57
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|
|party = Whig Party (United States)
|candidate = [[Neill S. Brown]] (incumbent)
|votes = 60,350
|percentage = 49.43
}}
{{Election box total no change|
|votes = 122,090
|percentage = 100.00
}}
{{Election box gain with party link no change|
|winner= Democratic Party (United States)
|loser = Whig Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:1849 Tennessee elections|Gubernatorial]]
[[Category:Tennessee gubernatorial elections]]
[[Category:1849 United States gubernatorial elections|Tennessee]]
[[Category:August 1849]]
[[Category:1849 in Tennessee]]
| 1,271,238,481 |
[{"title": "1849 Tennessee gubernatorial election", "data": {"\u2190 1847": "August 2, 1849 \u00b7 1851 \u2192", "Nominee": "William Trousdale \u00b7 Neill S. Brown", "Party": "Democratic \u00b7 Whig", "Popular vote": "61,740 \u00b7 60,350", "Percentage": "50.57% \u00b7 49.43%", "Governor before election \u00b7 Neill S. Brown \u00b7 Whig": "Elected Governor \u00b7 William Trousdale \u00b7 Democratic"}}]
| false |
# 1928 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship
The 1928 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship was the 11th staging of the championship since its establishment by the GAA in 1912.
As the Ulster GAA council did not hold a provincial championship, the fourth semi-final spot was therefore taken by London, as champions of Britain.
The title match at Croke Park on 2 December 1928 ended in a five-point victory for Kerry over the Leinster champions Louth, on a scoreline of 2–08 to 2–03.
This was the Kingdom's fourth All-Ireland Junior football title.
## Results
### Munster Junior Football Championship
| 16 September Final | Kerry | 3–02 - 0–04 | Waterford | Fraher Field, Dungarvan |
### Connacht Junior Football Championship
| 5 August Final | Sligo | 1–03 - 0–01 | Mayo | Tuam |
### Leinster Junior Football Championship
| July 29 Final | Louth | 1-05 – 1-04 | Dublin | Gaelic Grounds, Drogheda |
| | M. Hearty 0-4 (2f), J. Moonan 1-0, P. Byrne 0-1 (f) | | | Referee: J. Curran (Meath) |
| GK | 1 | Séamus Flood (Clan na Gael) |
| RCB | 2 | Kevin Morgan (Ramblers) |
| FB | 3 | Joe Downey (Sarsfields) |
| LCB | 4 | Tom Carroway (Sarsfields) |
| RHB | 5 | James Cluskey (Dromiskin Unknowns) (c) |
| CHB | 6 | Eddie Bishop (Sarsfields) |
| LHB | 7 | James Canavan (Sarsfields) |
| MF | 8 | Tom Matthews (Dromiskin Unknowns) |
| MF | 9 | James Gunning (Sarsfields) |
| RHF | 10 | Joe Byrne (St Bride's) |
| CHF | 11 | Tom Maguire (Hitchestown) |
| LHF | 12 | Matt Hearty (Clan na Gael) |
| RCF | 13 | Joe Cunningham (Dromiskin Unknowns) |
| FF | 14 | Jem Moonan (Larks) |
| LCF | 15 | Peter Byrne (St Bride's) |
| GK | 1 | J. Mulhall (St Joseph's) |
| RCB | 2 | S. Whiston (St Joseph's) |
| FB | 3 | J. Macken (St Joseph's) |
| LCB | 4 | T. Newman (St Joseph's) |
| RHB | 5 | C. Duffy (St Joseph's) |
| CHB | 6 | P. Moore (St Joseph's) |
| LHB | 7 | W. Dowling (Round Towers, Clondalkin) |
| MF | 8 | P. Hickey (Round Towers, Clondalkin) |
| MF | 9 | C. Rochfort (St Joseph's) (c) |
| RHF | 10 | J. O'Rourke (St Laurence's) |
| CHF | 11 | F. Cavanagh (Dolphins) |
| LHF | 12 | P. Rogers (Dolphins) |
| RCF | 13 | T. McConnon (Westerns) |
| FF | 14 | J. McCann (Parnells) |
| LCF | 15 | P. Kearney (Parnells) |
| Substitutes: | | |
| | 16 | W. Moore (St Joseph's) |
### All-Ireland Junior Football Championship
#### Semi-Finals
| 4 November | Kerry | 4-10 – 2-03 | London | Highgate, London |
| 4 November | Louth | 2-09 – 0-02 | Sligo | Croke Park, Dublin |
#### All-Ireland Final
| 2 December | Kerry | 2-08 – 2-03 | Louth | Croke Park |
| | M. Doyle 2-1, J. O'Sullivan 0-3, M. Healy, T. Landers, J. Price, J. Quill 0-1 each | | H. Bailey, P. Byrne 1-0 each, J. Byrne, P. Connor, M. Hearty 0-1 each | Referee: T. Shevlin (Roscommon) |
| GK | 1 | Willie McSweeney (Austin Stacks) |
| RCB | 2 | Tommy Barrett (Austin Stacks) |
| FB | 3 | Donnacha O'Donoghue (John Mitchels) (c) |
| LCB | 4 | Dick Savage (Kerins O'Rahilly's) |
| RHB | 5 | Tom Curran (Laune Rangers) |
| CHB | 6 | Jack Horan (Currow) |
| LHB | 7 | Mick Healy (Austin Stacks) |
| MF | 8 | Tim O'Donnell (Camp) |
| MF | 9 | Jackie Price (Kerins O'Rahilly's) |
| RHF | 10 | Dicko Clifford (Dr Crokes) |
| CHF | 11 | Miko Doyle (Austin Stacks) |
| LHF | 12 | James Quill (Kerins O'Rahilly's) |
| RCF | 13 | John O'Sullivan (Moyvane) |
| FF | 14 | John Murphy (Kerins O'Rahilly's) |
| LCF | 15 | Tim Landers (Austin Stacks) |
| GK | 1 | James Callaghan (Dromiskin Unknowns) |
| RCB | 2 | Paddy Connor (Dromiskin Unknowns) (c) |
| FB | 3 | Matt Roche (Sarsfields) |
| LCB | 4 | Joe Downey (Sarsfields) |
| RHB | 5 | Tom Carroway (Sarsfields) |
| CHB | 6 | James Cluskey (Dromiskin Unknowns) |
| LHB | 7 | Eddie Bishop (Sarsfields) |
| MF | 8 | James Canavan (Sarsfields) |
| MF | 9 | Tom Matthews (Dromiskin Unknowns) |
| RHF | 10 | Matt Hearty (Clan na Gael) |
| CHF | 11 | Joe Byrne (St Bride's) |
| LHF | 12 | John Mullen (Boyne Rangers) |
| RCF | 13 | James Gunning (Sarsfields) |
| FF | 14 | Peter Byrne (St Bride's) |
| LCF | 15 | Herbert Bailey (Boyne Rangers) |
|
enwiki/74077878
|
enwiki
| 74,077,878 |
1928 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1928_All-Ireland_Junior_Football_Championship
|
2025-03-06T02:24:49Z
|
en
|
Q120290794
| 102,403 |
{{Short description|11th edition of All-Ireland Junior Football Championship}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox All-Ireland Hurling
| type = Junior
| year = 1928
| image =
| dates =
| teams =
| connacht = Sligo
| munster = Kerry
| leinster = Louth
| matches =
| team = Kerry
| titles = 4th
| captain = Donnacha O'Donoghue
| manager =
| team2 = Louth
| captain2 = Paddy Connor
| totalgoals =
| totalpoints =
| topscorer =
| previous = [[1927 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship|1927]]
| next = [[1929 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship|1929]]
}}
The '''1928 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship''' was the 11th staging of the championship since its establishment by the [[Gaelic Athletic Association|GAA]] in [[1912 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship|1912]].
As the [[Ulster GAA]] council did not hold a provincial championship, the fourth semi-final spot was therefore taken by [[London GAA|London]], as champions of [[British GAA|Britain]].
The title match at [[Croke Park]] on 2 December 1928 ended in a five-point victory for Kerry over the Leinster champions Louth, on a scoreline of 2–08 to 2–03.
This was the [[County Kerry|Kingdom's]] fourth All-Ireland Junior football title.
==Results==
===[[Munster Junior Football Championship]]===
{{football box collapsible
| round = Final
| date = 16 September
| team1 = [[File:Colours_of_Kerry GAA.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kerry county football team|Kerry]]
| score = 3–02 - 0–04
| team2 = [[File:Colours_of_Waterford.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Waterford county football team|Waterford]]
| stadium = [[Fraher Field]], [[Dungarvan]]
| referee =
}}
===[[Connacht Junior Football Championship]]===
{{football box collapsible
| round = Final
| date = 5 August<ref>{{cite news|title=The Junior Final - Sligo, 1-3; Mayo, 0-1|work=Roscommon Herald|date=11 August 1928}}</ref>
| team1 = [[File:Colours_of_Sligo.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Sligo county football team|Sligo]]
| score = 1–03 - 0–01
| team2 = [[File:Colours_of_Mayo.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Mayo county football team|Mayo]]
| report =
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Tuam]]
| referee =
}}
===[[Leinster Junior Football Championship]]===
{{football box collapsible
| round = Final
| date = July 29<ref>{{cite news|title=G.A.A. Notes|work=[[The Argus (Dundalk)|The Argus]]|date=4 August 1928}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=To-morrow's Meets and Teams|work=[[The Herald (Ireland)|Evening Herald]]|date=28 July 1928}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Louth Leinster Champions|work=[[Dundalk Democrat]]|date=4 August 1928}}</ref>
| team1 = [[File:Colours of Louth.svg|20px|border]] [[Louth GAA|Louth]]
| score = 1-05 – 1-04
| team2 = [[Dublin GAA|Dublin]] [[File:Colours of Dublin.svg|border|20px]]
| report =
| goals1 = M. Hearty 0-4 (2f), J. Moonan 1-0, P. Byrne 0-1 (f)
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Drogheda Park|Gaelic Grounds]], [[Drogheda]]
| referee = J. Curran ([[Meath GAA|Meath]])
}}
{| style="width:100%;"
|-
|style="vertical-align:top; width:50%"|
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
|-
!width="25"| !!width="25"|
|-
|GK||'''1'''|| Séamus Flood ([[Clan Na Gael GFC (Louth)|Clan na Gael]])
|-
|RCB||'''2'''|| Kevin Morgan (Ramblers)
|-
|FB||'''3'''|| Joe Downey (Sarsfields)
|-
|LCB||'''4'''|| Tom Carroway (Sarsfields)
|-
|RHB||'''5'''|| James Cluskey (Dromiskin Unknowns) [[Captain (Gaelic games)|(c)]]
|-
|CHB||'''6'''|| Eddie Bishop (Sarsfields)
|-
|LHB||'''7'''|| James Canavan (Sarsfields)
|-
|MF||'''8'''|| Tom Matthews (Dromiskin Unknowns)
|-
|MF||'''9'''|| James Gunning (Sarsfields)
|-
|RHF||'''10'''|| Joe Byrne ([[St Bride's GFC|St Bride's]])
|-
|CHF||'''11'''|| Tom Maguire (Hitchestown)
|-
|LHF||'''12'''|| Matt Hearty ([[Clan Na Gael GFC (Louth)|Clan na Gael]])
|-
|RCF||'''13'''|| Joe Cunningham (Dromiskin Unknowns)
|-
|FF||'''14'''|| Jem Moonan (Larks)
|-
|LCF||'''15'''|| Peter Byrne ([[St Bride's GFC|St Bride's]])
|-
|}
|style="vertical-align:top; width:50%"|
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:auto"
|-
!width="25"| !!width="25"|
|-
|GK||'''1'''|| J. Mulhall ([[St Joseph's/OCB GAA|St Joseph's]])
|-
|RCB||'''2'''|| S. Whiston ([[St Joseph's/OCB GAA|St Joseph's]])
|-
|FB||'''3'''|| J. Macken ([[St Joseph's/OCB GAA|St Joseph's]])
|-
|LCB||'''4'''|| T. Newman ([[St Joseph's/OCB GAA|St Joseph's]])
|-
|RHB||'''5'''|| C. Duffy ([[St Joseph's/OCB GAA|St Joseph's]])
|-
|CHB||'''6'''|| P. Moore ([[St Joseph's/OCB GAA|St Joseph's]])
|-
|LHB||'''7'''|| W. Dowling ([[Round Towers GAA (Clondalkin)|Round Towers, Clondalkin]])
|-
|MF||'''8'''|| P. Hickey ([[Round Towers GAA (Clondalkin)|Round Towers, Clondalkin]])
|-
|MF||'''9'''|| C. Rochfort ([[St Joseph's/OCB GAA|St Joseph's]]) [[Captain (Gaelic games)|(c)]]
|-
|RHF||'''10'''|| J. O'Rourke (St Laurence's)
|-
|CHF||'''11'''|| F. Cavanagh (Dolphins)
|-
|LHF||'''12'''|| P. Rogers (Dolphins)
|-
|RCF||'''13'''|| T. McConnon (Westerns)
|-
|FF||'''14'''|| J. McCann ([[Parnells GAA|Parnells]])
|-
|LCF||'''15'''|| P. Kearney ([[Parnells GAA|Parnells]])
|-
|colspan=3|'''Substitutes:'''
|-
| ||'''16'''|| W. Moore ([[St Joseph's/OCB GAA|St Joseph's]])
|-
|}
|}
===[[All-Ireland Junior Football Championship]]===
====Semi-Finals====
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = 4 November
| team1 = [[File:Colours_of_Kerry GAA.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kerry county football team|Kerry]]
| score = 4-10 – 2-03
| team2 = [[File:Colours of London.svg|20px|border]] [[London GAA|London]]
| report =
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Highgate]], [[London]]
| referee =
}}
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = 4 November
| team1 = [[File:Colours of Louth.svg|20px|border]] [[Louth GAA|Louth]]
| score = 2-09 – 0-02
| team2 = [[File:Colours_of_Sligo.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Sligo county football team|Sligo]]
| report =
| goals1 =
| goals2 =
| stadium = [[Croke Park]], [[Dublin]]
| referee =
}}
====All-Ireland Final====
{{footballbox collapsible
| date = 2 December<ref>{{cite news|title=G.A.A.|work=[[The Argus (Dundalk)|The Argus]]|date=8 December 1928}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.terracetalk.com/kerry-football/game/2075/1928-Kerry-Vs-Louth|title=1928 Junior- Game 5. All-Ireland Final|work=Terrace Talk}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Kerry Wins All-Ireland Junior Football Final - A Thrilling Struggle|work=[[The Kerryman]]|date=8 December 1928}}</ref>
| referee = T. Shevlin ([[Roscommon GAA|Roscommon]])
| team1 =[[File:Colours_of_Kerry GAA.svg|border|20x20px]] [[Kerry county football team|Kerry]]
| team2 = [[File:Colours of Louth.svg|20px|border]] [[Louth GAA|Louth]]
| score = 2-08 – 2-03
| goals1 = M. Doyle 2-1, J. O'Sullivan 0-3, M. Healy, T. Landers, J. Price, J. Quill 0-1 each
| goals2 = H. Bailey, P. Byrne 1-0 each, J. Byrne, P. Connor, M. Hearty 0-1 each
| stadium = [[Croke Park]]
}}
{| width=80% |
|-
|}
{| style="width:100%;"
|-
|style="vertical-align:top; width:50%"|
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
|-
!width="25"| !!width="25"|
|-
|GK||'''1'''|| Willie McSweeney ([[Austin Stacks GAA|Austin Stacks]])
|-
|RCB||'''2'''|| Tommy Barrett ([[Austin Stacks GAA|Austin Stacks]])
|-
|FB||'''3'''|| Donnacha O'Donoghue ([[John Mitchels GAA (Kerry)|John Mitchels]]) [[Captain (Gaelic games)|(c)]]
|-
|LCB||'''4'''|| Dick Savage ([[Kerins O'Rahilly's GAA|Kerins O'Rahilly's]])
|-
|RHB||'''5'''|| Tom Curran ([[Laune Rangers GAA|Laune Rangers]])
|-
|CHB||'''6'''|| Jack Horan (Currow)
|-
|LHB||'''7'''|| Mick Healy ([[Austin Stacks GAA|Austin Stacks]])
|-
|MF||'''8'''|| Tim O'Donnell (Camp)
|-
|MF||'''9'''|| Jackie Price ([[Kerins O'Rahilly's GAA|Kerins O'Rahilly's]])
|-
|RHF||'''10'''|| Dicko Clifford ([[Dr Crokes GAA|Dr Crokes]])
|-
|CHF||'''11'''|| Miko Doyle ([[Austin Stacks GAA|Austin Stacks]])
|-
|LHF||'''12'''|| James Quill ([[Kerins O'Rahilly's GAA|Kerins O'Rahilly's]])
|-
|RCF||'''13'''|| John O'Sullivan ([[Moyvane GAA|Moyvane]])
|-
|FF||'''14'''|| John Murphy ([[Kerins O'Rahilly's GAA|Kerins O'Rahilly's]])
|-
|LCF||'''15'''|| Tim Landers ([[Austin Stacks GAA|Austin Stacks]])
|-
|}
|style="vertical-align:top; width:50%"|
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="margin:auto"
|-
!width="25"| !!width="25"|
|-
|GK||'''1'''|| James Callaghan (Dromiskin Unknowns)
|-
|RCB||'''2'''|| Paddy Connor (Dromiskin Unknowns) [[Captain (Gaelic games)|(c)]]
|-
|FB||'''3'''|| Matt Roche (Sarsfields)
|-
|LCB||'''4'''|| Joe Downey (Sarsfields)
|-
|RHB||'''5'''|| Tom Carroway (Sarsfields)
|-
|CHB||'''6'''|| James Cluskey (Dromiskin Unknowns)
|-
|LHB||'''7'''|| Eddie Bishop (Sarsfields)
|-
|MF||'''8'''|| James Canavan (Sarsfields)
|-
|MF||'''9'''|| Tom Matthews (Dromiskin Unknowns)
|-
|RHF||'''10'''|| Matt Hearty ([[Clan Na Gael GFC (Louth)|Clan na Gael]])
|-
|CHF||'''11'''|| Joe Byrne ([[St Bride's GFC|St Bride's]])
|-
|LHF||'''12'''|| John Mullen (Boyne Rangers)
|-
|RCF||'''13'''|| James Gunning (Sarsfields)
|-
|FF||'''14'''|| Peter Byrne ([[St Bride's GFC|St Bride's]])
|-
|LCF||'''15'''|| Herbert Bailey (Boyne Rangers)
|-
|}
|-
|}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{All-Ireland Junior Football Championship}}
[[Category:1928 in Gaelic football|Junior]]
[[Category:All-Ireland Junior Football Championship]]
| 1,279,028,830 |
[{"title": "1928 All-Ireland Junior Football Championship", "data": {"Winners": "Kerry (4th win)", "Captain": "Donnacha O'Donoghue"}}, {"title": "All Ireland Runners-up", "data": {"Runners-up": "Louth", "Captain": "Paddy Connor"}}, {"title": "Provincial Champions", "data": {"Munster": "Kerry", "Leinster": "Louth", "Ulster": "Not Played", "Connacht": "Sligo"}}]
| false |
# 1849 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
The 1849 Rhode Island gubernatorial election was held on April 4, 1849.
Incumbent Whig governor Elisha Harris did not run for re-election. Whig nominee Henry B. Anthony defeated Democratic nominee Adnah Sackett and Free Soil nominee Edward Harris.
## General election
### Candidates
- Adnah Sackett, Democratic, manufacturer of jewelry,[2] nominee for governor in 1848
- Edward Harris, Free Soil, manufacturer[3]
- Henry B. Anthony, Whig, editor of the Providence Journal[4]
### Results
| Party | Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| -------- | ---------- | ---------------- | ----- | ------ | -- |
| | Whig | Henry B. Anthony | 5,081 | 58.98% | |
| | Democratic | Adnah Sackett | 2,964 | 34.41% | |
| | Free Soil | Edward Harris | 458 | 5.32% | |
| | Scattering | | 112 | 1.30% | |
| Majority | Majority | Majority | 2,117 | 24.57% | |
| Turnout | Turnout | Turnout | 8,615 | | |
| | Whig hold | Whig hold | Swing | | |
|
enwiki/69085857
|
enwiki
| 69,085,857 |
1849 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1849_Rhode_Island_gubernatorial_election
|
2025-01-23T04:10:04Z
|
en
|
Q109256859
| 160,399 |
{{short description|none}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
<!-- "none" is preferred when the title alone is adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2023}}
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1849 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
| country = Rhode Island
| flag_year = 1848
| type = Presidential
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1848 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
| previous_year = 1848
| next_election = 1850 Rhode Island gubernatorial election
| next_year = 1850
| election_date = April 4, 1849
| image1 = [[File:Henry B. Anthony - Brady-Handy.jpg|x150px]]
| nominee1 = '''[[Henry B. Anthony]]'''
| party1 = Whig Party (United States)
| popular_vote1 = '''5,081'''
| percentage1 = '''58.98%'''
| image2 = [[File:No image.svg|x120px]]
| nominee2 = Adnah Sackett
| party2 = Democratic Party (United States)
| popular_vote2 = 2,964
| percentage2 = 34.41%
| image3 = [[File:Edward Harris Woonsocket businessman.jpg|x150px]]
| nominee3 = [[Edward Harris (Rhode Island politician)|Edward Harris]]
| party3 = Free Soil Party
| popular_vote3 = 458
| percentage3 = 5.32%
| map_image = 1849 Rhode Island gubernatorial election results map by county.svg
| map_size = 200px
| map_caption = County results <br/>'''Anthony''': {{legend0|#FED463|50–60%}} {{legend0|#FE9929|60–70%}} {{legend0|#CC4C02|80–90%}}
| title = Governor
| before_election = [[Elisha Harris]]
| before_party = Whig Party (United States)
| after_election = [[Henry B. Anthony]]
| after_party = Whig Party (United States)
}}
{{ElectionsRI}}
The '''1849 Rhode Island gubernatorial election''' was held on April 4, 1849.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |date=April 7, 1849 |title=Rhode Island Election |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn85025007/1849-04-07/ed-1/seq-3/ |work=Alexandria gazette |location=Alexandria, D.C. |page= |access-date=22 October 2021 }}</ref>
Incumbent [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] [[Governor of Rhode Island|governor]] [[Elisha Harris]] did not run for re-election. [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]] nominee [[Henry B. Anthony]] defeated [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee Adnah Sackett and [[Free Soil Party|Free Soil]] nominee [[Edward Harris (Rhode Island politician)|Edward Harris]].
==General election==
===Candidates===
*Adnah Sackett, Democratic, manufacturer of jewelry,<ref>{{cite book |last=Weygant |first=Charles H. |date=1907 |title=The Sacketts of America: their ancestors and descendants, 1630-1907 |url=https://archive.org/details/sackettsofameric00weyg/page/228/mode/2up |location=Newburgh, N. Y. |publisher=Journal Print |page=229 }}</ref> nominee for governor in [[1848 Rhode Island gubernatorial election|1848]]
*Edward Harris, Free Soil, manufacturer<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.woonsocket.org/harris.html |title=Edward Harris |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= |website=Woonsocket, Rhode Island – My Home Town |publisher= |access-date=22 October 2021 }}</ref>
*Henry B. Anthony, Whig, editor of the ''[[Providence Journal]]''<ref>{{Cite Appletons'|wstitle=Anthony, Henry Bowen|year=1900}}</ref>
===Results===
{{Election box begin | title=1849 Rhode Island gubernatorial election<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=237887 |title=RI Governor, 1849 |publisher=Our Campaigns |access-date=22 October 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Gubernatorial Elections, 1787-1997 |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=Congressional Quarterly Inc. |date=1998 |page=76 |isbn=1-56802-396-0 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Dubin |first=Michael J. |title=United States Gubernatorial Elections, 1776-1860: The Official Results by State and County |page=236 |publisher=McFarland |year=2003 |isbn=978-0-7864-1439-0 |location=Jefferson, North Carolina }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Glashan |first=Roy R. |title=American Governors and Gubernatorial Elections, 1775-1978 |publisher=Meckler Books |location=Westport, CT |year=1979 |pages=270–271 |isbn=0-930466-17-9}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Kallenbach |editor1-first=Joseph E. |editor2-last=Kallenbach |editor2-first=Jessamine S. |date=1977 |title=American State Governors, 1776-1976 |volume=I |page=513 |location=Dobbs Ferry, N.Y. |publisher=Oceana Publications, Inc. |isbn=0-379-00665-0 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=1888 |title=Manual with Rules and Orders for the Use of the General Assembly of the State of Rhode Island, 1888-89 |series=State of Rhode Island manual |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo.31924106119559&view=1up&seq=127&skin=2021 |location=Providence |publisher=E. L. Freeman & Co., Printers to the State |page=103 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s)/no by-line.--> |date=May 3, 1849 |title=Rhode Island Legislature |url=https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83021169/1849-05-03/ed-1/seq-3/ |work=Herald of the times |location=Newport, R.I. |page=3 |access-date=22 October 2021 }}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link|
| party = Whig Party (United States)
| candidate = [[Henry B. Anthony]]
| votes = 5,081
| percentage = 58.98%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| candidate = Adnah Sackett
| votes = 2,964
| percentage = 34.41%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link|
| party = Free Soil Party
| candidate = [[Edward Harris (Rhode Island politician)|Edward Harris]]
| votes = 458
| percentage = 5.32%
| change =
}}
{{Election box candidate
|party = Scattering
|candidate =
|votes = 112
|percentage = 1.30%
|change =
}}
{{Election box majority|
| votes = 2,117
| percentage = 24.57%
| change =
}}
{{Election box turnout|
| votes = 8,615
| percentage =
| change =
}}
{{Election box hold with party link|
| winner = Whig Party (United States)
| loser =
| swing =
}}
{{Election box end}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
[[Category:Rhode Island gubernatorial elections|1849]]
[[Category:1849 United States gubernatorial elections|Rhode Island]]
[[Category:1849 Rhode Island elections|Gubernatorial]]
[[Category:April 1849]]
{{RhodeIsland-election-stub}}
| 1,271,238,474 |
[{"title": "1849 Rhode Island gubernatorial election", "data": {"\u2190 1848": "April 4, 1849 \u00b7 1850 \u2192", "Nominee": "Henry B. Anthony \u00b7 Adnah Sackett \u00b7 Edward Harris", "Party": "Whig \u00b7 Democratic \u00b7 Free Soil", "Popular vote": "5,081 \u00b7 2,964 \u00b7 458", "Percentage": "58.98% \u00b7 34.41% \u00b7 5.32%", "Governor before election \u00b7 Elisha Harris \u00b7 Whig": "Elected Governor \u00b7 Henry B. Anthony \u00b7 Whig"}}]
| false |
# 1906 in baseball
The following are the baseball events of the year 1906 throughout the world.
## Champions
- World Series: Chicago White Sox over Chicago Cubs (4–2)
Inter-league playoff: Chicago (AL) declined challenge by New York Giants.
## Statistical leaders
Any team shown in small text indicates a previous team a player was on during the season.
| | American League | American League | National League | National League |
| Stat | Player | Total | Player | Tota |
| ---- | ------------------ | --------------- | --------------------------------------- | --------------- |
| AVG | George Stone (SLB) | .358 | Honus Wagner (PIT) | .339 |
| HR | Harry Davis (PHA) | 12 | Tim Jordan (BKN) | 12 |
| RBI | Harry Davis (PHA) | 96 | Joe Nealon (PIT) Harry Steinfeldt (CHC) | 83 |
| W | Al Orth (NYH) | 27 | Joe McGinnity (NYG) | 27 |
| ERA | Doc White (CWS) | 1.52 | Mordecai Brown (CHC) | 1.04 |
| K | Rube Waddell (PHA) | 196 | Fred Beebe (STL/CHC) | 171 |
## Major league baseball final standings
### American League final standings
| \| Team \| W \| L \| Pct. \| GB \| Home \| Road \| \| ---------------------- \| -- \| --- \| ---- \| --- \| ---- \| ---- \| \| Chicago White Sox \| 93 \| 58 \| .616 \| — \| 54–23 \| 39–35 \| \| New York Highlanders \| 90 \| 61 \| .596 \| 3 \| 53–23 \| 37–38 \| \| Cleveland Naps \| 89 \| 64 \| .582 \| 5 \| 47–30 \| 42–34 \| \| Philadelphia Athletics \| 78 \| 67 \| .538 \| 12 \| 48–23 \| 30–44 \| \| St. Louis Browns \| 76 \| 73 \| .510 \| 16 \| 40–34 \| 36–39 \| \| Detroit Tigers \| 71 \| 78 \| .477 \| 21 \| 42–34 \| 29–44 \| \| Washington Senators \| 55 \| 95 \| .367 \| 37½ \| 33–41 \| 22–54 \| \| Boston Americans \| 49 \| 105 \| .318 \| 45½ \| 22–54 \| 27–51 \| | AmericansWhite SoxNapsTigersAthleticsBrownsHighlandersSenators Locations of teams for the 1904–1907 American League seasons · American League | | | | | |
| Team | W | L | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| Chicago White Sox | 93 | 58 | .616 | — | 54–23 | 39–35 |
| New York Highlanders | 90 | 61 | .596 | 3 | 53–23 | 37–38 |
| Cleveland Naps | 89 | 64 | .582 | 5 | 47–30 | 42–34 |
| Philadelphia Athletics | 78 | 67 | .538 | 12 | 48–23 | 30–44 |
| St. Louis Browns | 76 | 73 | .510 | 16 | 40–34 | 36–39 |
| Detroit Tigers | 71 | 78 | .477 | 21 | 42–34 | 29–44 |
| Washington Senators | 55 | 95 | .367 | 37½ | 33–41 | 22–54 |
| Boston Americans | 49 | 105 | .318 | 45½ | 22–54 | 27–51 |
### National League final standings
| \| Team \| W \| L \| Pct. \| GB \| Home \| Road \| \| --------------------- \| --- \| --- \| ---- \| --- \| ---- \| ---- \| \| Chicago Cubs \| 116 \| 36 \| .763 \| — \| 56–21 \| 60–15 \| \| New York Giants \| 96 \| 56 \| .632 \| 20 \| 51–24 \| 45–32 \| \| Pittsburgh Pirates \| 93 \| 60 \| .608 \| 23½ \| 49–27 \| 44–33 \| \| Philadelphia Phillies \| 71 \| 82 \| .464 \| 45½ \| 37–40 \| 34–42 \| \| Brooklyn Superbas \| 66 \| 86 \| .434 \| 50 \| 31–44 \| 35–42 \| \| Cincinnati Reds \| 64 \| 87 \| .424 \| 51½ \| 36–40 \| 28–47 \| \| St. Louis Cardinals \| 52 \| 98 \| .347 \| 63 \| 28–48 \| 24–50 \| \| Boston Beaneaters \| 49 \| 102 \| .325 \| 66½ \| 28–47 \| 21–55 \| | BeaneatersSuperbasCubsRedsGiantsPhilliesPiratesCardinals Locations of teams for the 1903–1906 National League seasons · National League | | | | | |
| Team | W | L | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| Chicago Cubs | 116 | 36 | .763 | — | 56–21 | 60–15 |
| New York Giants | 96 | 56 | .632 | 20 | 51–24 | 45–32 |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 93 | 60 | .608 | 23½ | 49–27 | 44–33 |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 71 | 82 | .464 | 45½ | 37–40 | 34–42 |
| Brooklyn Superbas | 66 | 86 | .434 | 50 | 31–44 | 35–42 |
| Cincinnati Reds | 64 | 87 | .424 | 51½ | 36–40 | 28–47 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 52 | 98 | .347 | 63 | 28–48 | 24–50 |
| Boston Beaneaters | 49 | 102 | .325 | 66½ | 28–47 | 21–55 |
## Events
- May 8 – Philadelphia Athletics manager Connie Mack needed a substitute outfielder in the sixth inning of a game against the Boston Americans and called on pitcher Chief Bender to fill in. Bender hit two home runs, both inside the park.
- May 17 – Ty Cobb hits a bunt to break up the no hitter being thrown by A's pitcher Rube Waddell. The A's go on to defeat the Tigers 5–0.
- July 4 – Mordecai Brown of the Chicago Cubs defeats Lefty Leifield of the Pittsburgh Pirates 1–0, in the first game of a doubleheader, in which both pitchers throw a 1-hitter. Leifield collects the Pirates only hit off Brown and loses his own bid for a no-hitter by giving up a single in the 9th inning that ends up scoring the only run of the game.
- July 20 – Mal Eason tosses a no hitter for the Brooklyn Superbas, as they defeat the St. Louis Cardinals, 2–0.
- August 1 – Brooklyn Superbas pitcher Harry McIntire would not allow a hit to the Pittsburgh Pirates through 10 innings, only to allow a single with two outs in the 11th inning. McIntire would allow three more hits before the Pirates outlasted the Superbas, 1–0, in 13 innings.
- August 3 – At Sportsman's Park, Long Tom Hughes of the Washington Senators and Fred Glade of the St. Louis Browns entered the 10th inning with a scoreless tie, until Hughes decided the game with a solo home run to a 1–0 victory, becoming the first pitcher in major league history to pitch a shutout and hit a home run which accounted for the only run in the game.
- September 1 – The Philadelphia Athletics Jack Coombs and the Boston Americans' Joe Harris each pitch all 24 innings of the A's 4–1 victory over the Pilgrims at Boston's Huntingdon Avenue Grounds. Coombs and Harris still hold the American League record. The major league record is held by the Brooklyn Dodgers' Leon Cadore and Boston Braves' Joe Oeschger, who battled to a 26-inning, 1–1 deadlock on May 1, 1920.
- October 14 – In perhaps the greatest upset in World Series history, the Chicago White Sox (93 wins) defeated the Chicago Cubs (116 wins), 8–3, in Game 6, winning the World Championship, four games to two, despite hitting only .198 and committing 15 errors in the series.
## Births
### January
- January 3 – Gus Suhr
- January 4 – Blondy Ryan
- January 9 – Harry Else
- January 19 – Rip Radcliff
- January 21 – Glenn Chapman
- January 24 – Stu Clarke
- January 26 – Charlie Gelbert
- January 28 – Lyn Lary
### February
- February 7 – Art Jones
- February 8 – Bruce Caldwell
- February 13 – Harry Kelley
- February 15 – Bob Cremins
- February 18 – Charles Zomphier
- February 26 – Joe Graves
- February 27 – Leroy Herrmann
- February 28 – Al Baker
- February 28 – Pete Daglia
### March
- March 2 – Woody English
- March 2 – Mike Powers
- March 9 – Hughie Wise
- March 10 – Art Herring
- March 11 – Bill Lawrence
- March 12 – Rusty Saunders
- March 12 – Bud Tinning
- March 13 – Ike Powers
- March 16 – Lloyd Waner
- March 17 – Hy Vandenberg
- March 21 – Shanty Hogan
- March 22 – Marv Owen
- March 22 – Moose Solters
- March 22 – Overton Tremper
- March 24 – Pat Veltman
- March 27 – Fred Tauby
### April
- April 2 – Bob Way
- April 6 – Benny Frey
- April 10 – Howdy Groskloss
- April 13 – Roxie Lawson
- April 16 – Tommy Sewell
- April 17 – Eddie Delker
- April 23 – Ray Starr
- April 24 – Red Worthington
### May
- May 7 – Syd Cohen
- May 10 – Gene Connell
- May 12 – Charlie Butler
- May 17 – Al Eckert
- May 21 – Hank Johnson
- May 23 – Pat Creeden
- May 23 – Willis Hudlin
- May 25 – Martín Dihigo
- May 30 – Hugh Willingham
- May 30 – Norman Yokely
### June
- June 4 – Doc Marshall
- June 15 – Monte Weaver
- June 19 – Buck Stanton
- June 21 – Randy Moore
- June 21 – Art Smith
- June 21 – Russ Van Atta
- June 23 – Ray Foley
- June 25 – Joe Kuhel
- June 27 – Dick Terwilliger
### July
- July 7 – Dick Bass
- July 7 – Satchel Paige
- July 9 – Johnny Vergez
- July 10 – Ad Liska
- July 10 – Hal McKain
- July 19 – Jackie Hayes
- July 28 – Ray Dobens
- July 30 – Johnnie Tyler
### August
- August 1 – Frank Bushey
- August 2 – Bill Posedel
- August 6 – Ed Crowley
- August 6 – Chad Kimsey
- August 8 – Tot Pressnell
- August 13 – Cliff Garrison
- August 13 – Carlos Moore
- August 13 – Art Shires
- August 13 – Kemp Wicker
- August 15 – Red Peery
- August 17 – Hub Walker
- August 19 – Tex Carleton
- August 20 – Lee Riley
- August 26 – Elmer Klumpp
- August 29 – Jonah Goldman
- August 29 – Alex Hooks
- August 30 – Bob Friedrichs
### September
- September 4 – Jim Mooney
- September 8 – Frank Stewart
- September 13 – Thornton Lee
- September 13 – Jim Levey
- September 15 – Charlie Biggs
- September 15 – Tip Tobin
- September 19 – Cap Clark
- September 25 – Harris McGalliard
- September 27 – John Smith
- September 28 – Dick Barrett
- September 30 – Frank Lamanske
### October
- October 5 – Si Johnson
- October 11 – Tom Carey
- October 12 – Joe Cronin
- October 15 – Sammy Byrd
- October 17 – Paul Derringer
- October 18 – Wally Millies
- October 24 – Pete McClanahan
- October 28 – Ed Clough
- October 30 – Roy Joiner
### November
- November 1 – Pete Rambo
- November 1 – Heinie Schuble
- November 2 – Tim McKeithan
- November 7 – Alan Strange
- November 9 – Fred Brickell
- November 11 – George Detore
- November 12 – Red Evans
- November 15 – Gene Rye
- November 16 – Ab Wright
- November 17 – Rollie Stiles
- November 20 – Joe Ogrodowski
- November 23 – Biggs Wehde
### December
- December 2 – Johnny Welch
- December 5 – Lin Storti
- December 7 – Tony Piet
- December 10 – Bots Nekola
- December 15 – Tom Kane
- December 15 – Bucky Williams
- December 18 – Dick Coffman
- December 19 – Tom Sullivan
- December 28 – Tommy Bridges
- December 30 – Ray Prim
## Deaths
- January 26 – Fred Underwood, 37, pitcher for the 1894 Brooklyn Grooms;
- February 16 – Yale Murphy, 36, shortstop and outfielder who played from 1894 through 1897 for the New York Giants.
- February 18 – Charlie Ingraham, 45, catcher for the 1883 Baltimore Orioles.
- February 27 – John Peltz, 44, outfielder who played with the Indianapolis Hoosiers, Baltimore Orioles, Brooklyn Gladiators, Syracuse Stars and Toledo Maumees between the 1884 and 1890 seasons.
- March 25 – Joe Cassidy, 23, shortstop for the Senators since 1904 who led AL with 19 triples as a rookie, led league in assists in 1905.
- March 27 – Toad Ramsey, 41, pitcher for Louisville who topped 35 wins in both 1886 and 1887, with strikeout totals of 499 and 355.
- June 14 – Mike Sullivan, 39, pitcher who posted a 54–65 record and a 5.04 ERA with eight teams from 1889 to 1899.
- June 15 – Sandy Nava, 56, catcher and first known Mexican American to play in the Majors.
- June 24 – Joe Strauss, 47, left fielder/catcher/pitcher for the Colonels/Cowboys/Grays from 1884 to 1886.
- August 16 – Tom Carey, 60, 19th century infielder and player-manager.
- October 20 – Buck Ewing, 47, catcher, most notably for the New York Giants, who batted .303 lifetime and led NL in home runs and triples once each; captain of 1888–1889 NL champions batted .346 in 1888. championship series; in 1883 was one of the first two players to hit 10 home runs in a season; led NL in assists three times and double plays twice, was later Cincinnati manager.
- September – Matthew Porter, 47, player-manager for the 1884 Kansas City Cowboys of the Union Association.
- August 31 – Alex Voss, 48, utility for the Nationals and Cowboys in the 1884 season.
- September 22 – George Davies, 38, pitcher who posted an 18–24 record and a 3.32 ERA for the Spiders, Brewers and Giants from 1891 to 1893.
- November 22 – Tom Cotter, 40, catcher who played six games for the 1891 Boston Reds.
- October 25 – Marty Swandell, 65, infielder/outfielder for the Eckfords and Resolutes from 1872 to 1873.
- November 22 – Tom Cotter, 40, catcher for the 1891 Champions Boston Reds.
- November 27 – Julius Willigrod, 49, outfielder/shortstop who played with the Wolverines and Blues in the 1882 season.
- December 19 – Ed Pinkham, 60, third baseman for the 1871 Chicago White Stockings.
- December 30 – Henry Porter, 48, pitcher for three teams in the 1880s, who set a major league record for an 18-strikeout game for a losing pitcher in 1884 and also threw a no-hitter in 1888.
|
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1906 in baseball
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1906_in_baseball
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{{See also|1906 Major League Baseball season}}
{{Year in baseball top |
this year = 1906 |
}}
{{Year nav sports topic5|1906|baseball|sports}}
==Champions==
*[[1906 World Series|World Series]]: [[Chicago White Sox]] over [[Chicago Cubs]] (4–2)
Inter-league playoff: Chicago (AL) declined challenge by New York Giants.{{citation needed|date = June 2024}}
==Statistical leaders==
Any team shown in {{small|small text}} indicates a previous team a player was on during the season.
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
!
! colspan=2 | [[American League]]
! colspan=2 | [[National League (baseball)|National League]]
|-
! Stat
! Player
! Total
! Player
! Tota
|-
| [[Batting average (baseball)|AVG]]
| [[George Stone (outfielder)|George Stone]] ([[St. Louis Browns|SLB]])
| .358
| [[Honus Wagner]] ([[Pittsburgh Pirates|PIT]])
| .339
|-
| [[Home run|HR]]
| [[Harry Davis (1900s first baseman)|Harry Davis]] ([[Philadelphia Athletics|PHA]])
| 12
| [[Tim Jordan (baseball)|Tim Jordan]] ([[Brooklyn Dodgers|BKN]])
| 12
|-
| [[Run batted in|RBI]]
| [[Harry Davis (1900s first baseman)|Harry Davis]] ([[Philadelphia Athletics|PHA]])
| 96
| [[Joe Nealon]] ([[Pittsburgh Pirates|PIT]])<br>[[Harry Steinfeldt]] ([[Chicago Cubs|CHC]])
| 83
|-
| [[Win–loss record (pitching)#Winning pitcher|W]]
| [[Al Orth]] ([[New York Yankees|NYH]])
| 27
| [[Joe McGinnity]] ([[New York Giants (baseball)|NYG]])
| 27
|-
| [[Earned run average|ERA]]
| [[Doc White]] ([[Chicago White Sox|CWS]])
| 1.52
| [[Mordecai Brown]] ([[Chicago Cub|CHC]])
| 1.04
|-
| [[Strikeout|K]]
| [[Rube Waddell]] ([[Philadelphia Athletics|PHA]])
| 196
| [[Fred Beebe]] ([[St. Louis Cardinals|STL]]/{{small|[[Chicago Cub|CHC]]}})
| 171
|}
==Major league baseball final standings==
===American League final standings===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
{{1906 American League standings|highlight=Chicago White Sox}}
{{col-2}}
{{AL Team Maps (1904–1907)}}
{{col-end}}
===National League final standings===
{{col-begin}}
{{col-2}}
{{1906 National League standings|highlight=Chicago Cubs}}
{{col-2}}
{{NL Team Maps (1903–1906)}}
{{col-end}}
==Events==
*May 8 – [[Philadelphia Athletics]] manager [[Connie Mack]] needed a substitute outfielder in the sixth inning of a game against the [[Boston Red Sox|Boston Americans]] and called on pitcher [[Chief Bender]] to fill in. Bender hit two home runs, both inside the park.
*May 17 – [[Ty Cobb]] hits a bunt to break up the no hitter being thrown by A's pitcher [[Rube Waddell]]. The A's go on to defeat the Tigers 5–0.
*July 4 – [[Mordecai Brown]] of the [[Chicago Cubs]] defeats [[Lefty Leifield]] of the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] 1–0, in the first game of a doubleheader, in which both pitchers throw a 1-hitter. Leifield collects the Pirates only hit off Brown and loses his own bid for a no-hitter by giving up a single in the 9th inning that ends up scoring the only run of the game.
*July 20 – [[Mal Eason]] tosses a [[no hitter]] for the [[Brooklyn Dodgers|Brooklyn Superbas]], as they defeat the [[St. Louis Cardinals]], 2–0.
*August 1 – [[Brooklyn Dodgers|Brooklyn Superbas]] pitcher [[Harry McIntire]] would not allow a hit to the [[Pittsburgh Pirates]] through 10 innings, only to allow a single with two outs in the 11th inning. McIntire would allow three more hits before the Pirates outlasted the Superbas, 1–0, in 13 innings.
*August 3 – At Sportsman's Park, [[Long Tom Hughes]] of the Washington Senators and [[Fred Glade]] of the St. Louis Browns entered the 10th inning with a scoreless tie, until Hughes decided the game with a solo home run to a 1–0 victory, becoming the first pitcher in major league history to pitch a shutout and hit a home run which accounted for the only run in the game.
*September 1 – The [[Philadelphia Athletics]] [[Jack Coombs]] and the [[Boston Red Sox|Boston Americans]]' [[Joe Harris (pitcher)|Joe Harris]] each pitch all 24 innings of the A's 4–1 victory over the Pilgrims at Boston's Huntingdon Avenue Grounds. Coombs and Harris still hold the [[American League]] record. The major league record is held by the [[Brooklyn Dodgers]]' [[Leon Cadore]] and [[Boston Braves]]' [[Joe Oeschger]], who battled to a 26-inning, 1–1 deadlock on May 1, {{by|1920}}.
*October 14 – In perhaps the greatest upset in [[1906 World Series|World Series]] history, the [[Chicago White Sox]] (93 wins) defeated the [[Chicago Cubs]] (116 wins), 8–3, in Game 6, winning the [[World Championship]], four games to two, despite hitting only .198 and committing 15 errors in the series.
==Births==
===January===
*January 3 – [[Gus Suhr]]
*January 4 – [[Blondy Ryan]]
*January 9 – [[Harry Else]]
*January 19 – [[Rip Radcliff]]
*January 21 – [[Glenn Chapman]]
*January 24 – [[Stu Clarke]]
*January 26 – [[Charlie Gelbert]]
*January 28 – [[Lyn Lary]]
===February===
*February 7 – [[Art Jones (baseball)|Art Jones]]
*February 8 – [[Bruce Caldwell (American sportsman)|Bruce Caldwell]]
*February 13 – [[Harry Kelley (baseball)|Harry Kelley]]
*February 15 – [[Bob Cremins]]
*February 18 – [[Charles Zomphier]]
*February 26 – [[Joe Graves]]
*February 27 – [[Leroy Herrmann]]
*February 28 – [[Al Baker (baseball)|Al Baker]]
*February 28 – [[Pete Daglia]]
===March===
*March 2 – [[Woody English]]
*March 2 – [[Mike Powers (baseball)|Mike Powers]]
*March 9 – [[Hughie Wise]]
*March 10 – [[Art Herring]]
*March 11 – [[Bill Lawrence (baseball)|Bill Lawrence]]
*March 12 – [[Rusty Saunders]]
*March 12 – [[Bud Tinning]]
*March 13 – [[Ike Powers]]
*March 16 – [[Lloyd Waner]]
*March 17 – [[Hy Vandenberg]]
*March 21 – [[Shanty Hogan]]
*March 22 – [[Marv Owen]]
*March 22 – [[Moose Solters]]
*March 22 – [[Overton Tremper]]
*March 24 – [[Pat Veltman]]
*March 27 – [[Fred Tauby]]
===April===
*April 2 – [[Bob Way]]
*April 6 – [[Benny Frey]]
*April 10 – [[Howdy Groskloss]]
*April 13 – [[Roxie Lawson]]
*April 16 – [[Tommy Sewell]]
*April 17 – [[Eddie Delker]]
*April 23 – [[Ray Starr]]
*April 24 – [[Red Worthington]]
===May===
*May 7 – [[Syd Cohen]]
*May 10 – [[Gene Connell]]
*May 12 – [[Charlie Butler (baseball)|Charlie Butler]]
*May 17 – [[Al Eckert]]
*May 21 – [[Hank Johnson (baseball)|Hank Johnson]]
*May 23 – [[Pat Creeden]]
*May 23 – [[Willis Hudlin]]
*May 25 – [[Martín Dihigo]]
*May 30 – [[Hugh Willingham]]
*May 30 – [[Norman Yokely]]
===June===
*June 4 – [[Doc Marshall (infielder)|Doc Marshall]]
*June 15 – [[Monte Weaver]]
*June 19 – [[Buck Stanton]]
*June 21 – [[Randy Moore]]
*June 21 – [[Art Smith (baseball)|Art Smith]]
*June 21 – [[Russ Van Atta]]
*June 23 – [[Ray Foley (baseball)|Ray Foley]]
*June 25 – [[Joe Kuhel]]
*June 27 – [[Dick Terwilliger]]
===July===
*July 7 – [[Dick Bass (baseball)|Dick Bass]]
*July 7 – [[Satchel Paige]]
*July 9 – [[Johnny Vergez]]
*July 10 – [[Ad Liska]]
*July 10 – [[Hal McKain]]
*July 19 – [[Jackie Hayes (second baseman)|Jackie Hayes]]
*July 28 – [[Ray Dobens]]
*July 30 – [[Johnnie Tyler]]
===August===
*August 1 – [[Frank Bushey]]
*August 2 – [[Bill Posedel]]
*August 6 – [[Ed Crowley]]
*August 6 – [[Chad Kimsey]]
*August 8 – [[Tot Pressnell]]
*August 13 – [[Cliff Garrison]]
*August 13 – [[Carlos Moore]]
*August 13 – [[Art Shires]]
*August 13 – [[Kemp Wicker]]
*August 15 – [[Red Peery]]
*August 17 – [[Hub Walker]]
*August 19 – [[Tex Carleton]]
*August 20 – [[Leon Riley|Lee Riley]]
*August 26 – [[Elmer Klumpp]]
*August 29 – [[Jonah Goldman]]
*August 29 – [[Alex Hooks]]
*August 30 – [[Bob Friedrichs]]
===September===
*September 4 – [[Jim Mooney (baseball)|Jim Mooney]]
*September 8 – [[Frank Stewart (1920s pitcher)|Frank Stewart]]
*September 13 – [[Thornton Lee]]
*September 13 – [[Jim Levey]]
*September 15 – [[Charlie Biggs]]
*September 15 – [[Tip Tobin]]
*September 19 – [[Cap Clark]]
*September 25 – [[Harris McGalliard]]
*September 27 – [[John Marshall Smith|John Smith]]
*September 28 – [[Dick Barrett (baseball)|Dick Barrett]]
*September 30 – [[Frank Lamanske]]
===October===
*October 5 – [[Si Johnson]]
*October 11 – [[Tom Carey (second baseman)|Tom Carey]]
*October 12 – [[Joe Cronin]]
*October 15 – [[Sammy Byrd]]
*October 17 – [[Paul Derringer]]
*October 18 – [[Wally Millies]]
*October 24 – [[Pete McClanahan]]
*October 28 – [[Ed Clough]]
*October 30 – [[Roy Joiner]]
===November===
*November 1 – [[Pete Rambo]]
*November 1 – [[Heinie Schuble]]
*November 2 – [[Tim McKeithan]]
*November 7 – [[Alan Strange]]
*November 9 – [[Fred Brickell]]
*November 11 – [[George Detore]]
*November 12 – [[Red Evans]]
*November 15 – [[Gene Rye]]
*November 16 – [[Ab Wright]]
*November 17 – [[Rollie Stiles]]
*November 20 – [[Joe Ogrodowski]]
*November 23 – [[Biggs Wehde]]
===December===
*December 2 – [[Johnny Welch]]
*December 5 – [[Lin Storti]]
*December 7 – [[Tony Piet]]
*December 10 – [[Bots Nekola]]
*December 15 – [[Tom Kane (baseball)|Tom Kane]]
*December 15 – [[Bucky Williams]]
*December 18 – [[Dick Coffman]]
*December 19 – [[Tom Sullivan (catcher)|Tom Sullivan]]
*December 28 – [[Tommy Bridges]]
*December 30 – [[Ray Prim]]
==Deaths==
*January 26 – [[Fred Underwood]], 37, pitcher for the 1894 [[Brooklyn Dodgers|Brooklyn Grooms]];
*February 16 – [[Yale Murphy]], 36, shortstop and outfielder who played from 1894 through 1897 for the [[New York Giants (baseball)|New York Giants]].
*February 18 – [[Charlie Ingraham]], 45, catcher for the 1883 [[Baltimore Orioles (1882–1899)|Baltimore Orioles]].
*February 27 – [[John Peltz]], 44, outfielder who played with the [[Indianapolis Hoosiers (American Association)|Indianapolis Hoosiers]], [[Baltimore Orioles (1882–1899)|Baltimore Orioles]], [[Brooklyn Gladiators]], [[Syracuse Stars (American Association)|Syracuse Stars]] and [[Toledo Maumees]] between the 1884 and 1890 seasons.
*March 25 – [[Joe Cassidy (baseball)|Joe Cassidy]], 23, shortstop for the Senators since 1904 who led AL with 19 triples as a rookie, led league in assists in 1905.
*March 27 – [[Toad Ramsey]], 41, pitcher for Louisville who topped 35 wins in both 1886 and 1887, with strikeout totals of 499 and 355.
*June 14 – [[Mike Sullivan (pitcher)|Mike Sullivan]], 39, pitcher who posted a 54–65 record and a 5.04 ERA with eight teams from 1889 to 1899.
*June 15 – [[Sandy Nava]], 56, catcher and first known [[Mexican Americans|Mexican American]] to play in the Majors.
*June 24 – [[Joe Strauss]], 47, left fielder/catcher/pitcher for the Colonels/Cowboys/Grays from 1884 to 1886.
*August 16 – [[Tom Carey (shortstop)|Tom Carey]], 60, 19th century [[infielder]] and [[player-manager]].
*October 20 – [[Buck Ewing]], 47, catcher, most notably for the New York Giants, who batted .303 lifetime and led NL in home runs and triples once each; captain of 1888–1889 NL champions batted .346 in 1888. championship series; in 1883 was one of the first two players to hit 10 home runs in a season; led NL in assists three times and double plays twice, was later Cincinnati manager.
*September – [[Matthew Porter (baseball)|Matthew Porter]], 47, [[player-manager]] for the {{by|1884}} [[Kansas City Cowboys (Union Association)|Kansas City Cowboys]] of the [[Union Association]].
*August 31 – [[Alex Voss]], 48, utility for the Nationals and Cowboys in the 1884 season.
*September 22 – [[George Davies (baseball)|George Davies]], 38, pitcher who posted an 18–24 record and a 3.32 ERA for the Spiders, Brewers and Giants from 1891 to 1893.
*November 22 – [[Tom Cotter (baseball)|Tom Cotter]], 40, catcher who played six games for the 1891 Boston Reds.
*October 25 – [[Marty Swandell]], 65, infielder/outfielder for the Eckfords and Resolutes from 1872 to 1873.
*November 22 – [[Tom Cotter (baseball)|Tom Cotter]], 40, catcher for the 1891 Champions Boston Reds.
*November 27 – [[Julius Willigrod]], 49, outfielder/shortstop who played with the Wolverines and Blues in the 1882 season.
*December 19 – [[Ed Pinkham (baseball)|Ed Pinkham]], 60, third baseman for the 1871 Chicago White Stockings.
*December 30 – [[Henry Porter (baseball)|Henry Porter]], 48, pitcher for three teams in the 1880s, who set a major league record for an 18-strikeout game for a losing pitcher in 1884 and also threw a no-hitter in 1888.
{{Year in baseball|this year=1906}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1906 In Baseball}}
| 1,277,752,992 |
[]
| false |
# 1919 in science
The year 1919 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
## Astronomy
- April – George Ellery Hale and collaborators publish their discovery that the magnetic polarity of sunspot pairs reverses on an 11-year solar cycle and that the polarity varies by hemisphere, which becomes known as Hale's law.[1][2]
- The International Astronomical Union is established in Paris.
## Chemistry
- June 1 – The term covalence in relation to chemical bonding is first used by Irving Langmuir.[3]
- F. W. Aston discovers multiple stable isotopes for neon.
## History of science
- Leonard Eugene Dickson begins publication of History of the Theory of Numbers.
## Mathematics
- Viggo Brun proves Brun's theorem B2 for twin primes.
- G. H. Hardy rediscovers Pisot–Vijayaraghavan numbers in the context of Diophantine approximation.
## Medicine
- Dr George Newman is appointed as the first Chief Medical Officer to the Ministry of Health in England and Wales.
## Physics
- May 29 – Einstein's theory of general relativity is tested by Arthur Eddington's observation of the "bending of light" during the total solar eclipse on this day observed in Principe, and by Andrew Crommelin in Sobral, Ceará, Brazil (confirmed November 6).[4]
- Arnold Sommerfeld and Walther Kossel publish their displacement law.[5]
- James Jeans discovers that the dynamical constants of motion determine the distribution function for a system of particles.
- Betz's law is published by German physicist Albert Betz, indicating the maximum power that can be extracted from the wind, independent of the design of a wind turbine in open flow.
## Psychology
- In Berlin Dr Magnus Hirschfeld and Arthur Kronfeld found the Institut für Sexualwissenschaft.[6][7][8][9]
## Technology
- First crossings of the Atlantic Ocean by air.
- May 8–27 – United States Navy Curtiss flying boat NC-4 commanded by Albert Cushing Read makes the first transatlantic flight, from Naval Air Station Rockaway to Lisbon via Newfoundland and the Azores.
- June 14–15 – A Vickers Vimy flown by John Alcock and Arthur Whitten Brown makes the first nonstop transatlantic flight, from St. John's, Newfoundland, to Clifden, Ireland.
- July 2–6 – British airship R34 makes the first transatlantic flight by dirigible, and the first westbound flight, from RAF East Fortune, Scotland, to Mineola, New York.
- May 29 – Charles Strite files a United States patent for the electric pop-up bread toaster.[10]
- October 17 – Dr. Frank Conrad begins broadcasting from 8XK in Pittsburgh (United States).
- Lee De Forest files his first United States patent for the Phonofilm sound-on-film process.
- United States firearms designer John Browning finalizes the design of the M1919 Browning machine gun.
- United States firearms designer John T. Thompson finalizes the design of the Thompson submachine gun.
- A United States patent for the self-folding shirt collar is obtained by the Phillips-Jones Corporation.
## Awards
- Nobel Prize
- Physics – Johannes Stark
- Chemistry – not awarded
- Medicine – Jules Bordet
## Births
- January 23 – Hans Hass (died 2013), Austrian zoologist and oceanographer.[11]
- February 25 – Karl H. Pribram (died 2015), Austrian-American neuroscientist.
- April 1 – Joseph Murray (died 2012), American Nobel Prize-winning transplant surgeon.
- June 22 – Henri Tajfel (died 1982), Polish-born social psychologist.
- July 26 – James Lovelock (died 2022), English environmentalist and futurologist.
- August 12 – Margaret Burbidge, born Eleanor Margaret Peachey (died 2020), English-born American astronomer.
- August 30 – Maurice Hilleman (died 2005), American vaccinologist.[12]
- September 6 – Wilson Greatbatch (died 2011), American biomedical engineer.
- September 21 – Mario Bunge (died 2020), Argentine-born philosopher of science.
- November 10 – Mikhail Kalashnikov (died 2013), Russian small arms designer.
- December 8 – Kateryna Yushchenko (died 2001), Ukrainian computer scientist and academic.[13]
## Deaths
- January 15 – Rosa Luxemburg (born 1871), Polish Marxist theorist, philosopher, economist, anti-war activist, and revolutionary socialist.
- February 19 – Frederick DuCane Godman (born 1834), English lepidopterist, entomologist and ornithologist.
- April 4 – Sir William Crookes (born 1832), English chemist and physicist.
- April 8 – Loránd Eötvös (born 1848), Hungarian physicist.
- April 17 – Bernhard Sigmund Schultze (born 1827), German obstetrician.
- May 8 – LaMarcus Adna Thompson (born 1848), American inventor.
- c. June 1 – Caroline Still Anderson (born 1848), African American physician, educator and activist.
- June 30 – John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh (born 1842), English Nobel Prize-winning physicist.
- July 15 – Emil Fischer (born 1852), German Nobel Prize-winning chemist (suicide).
- July 21 – Gustaf Retzius (born 1842), Swedish anatomist.
- August 8 – Ernst Haeckel (born 1834), German zoologist.
- August 23 – Augustus George Vernon Harcourt (born 1834), English chemist.
- November 23 – Henry Gantt (born 1861), American project engineer.
- December 16 – Julia Lermontova (born 1846), Russian chemist.
- December 29 – Sir William Osler (born 1849), Canadian-born physician.
|
enwiki/356911
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enwiki
| 356,911 |
1919 in science
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1919_in_science
|
2025-01-16T17:13:18Z
|
en
|
Q2367053
| 76,125 |
{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is preferred when the title is sufficiently descriptive; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Year nav topic5|1919|science}}
{{Science year nav|1919}}
The year '''1919 in [[science]]''' and [[technology]] involved some significant events, listed below.
==Astronomy==
* April – [[George Ellery Hale]] and collaborators publish their discovery that the magnetic polarity of [[sunspot]] pairs reverses on an 11-year [[solar cycle]] and that the polarity varies by hemisphere, which becomes known as [[Hale's law]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hale|first1=George E.|last2=Ellerman|first2=Ferdinand|last3=Nicholson|first3=S. B.|last4=Joy|first4=A. H.|title=The Magnetic Polarity of Sun-Spots|journal=The Astrophysical Journal|date=April 1919|volume=49|pages=153|doi=10.1086/142452|bibcode=1919ApJ....49..153H|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hale's Sunspot Polarity Law|last1=Charbonneau|first1=P.|last2=White|first2=O. R.|date=1995-04-18|publisher=[[High Altitude Observatory]]|url=https://www2.hao.ucar.edu/Education/Sun/hales-sunspot-polarity-law|website=www2.hao.ucar.edu|access-date=2021-08-20|archive-date=2021-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210819182851/https://www2.hao.ucar.edu/Education/Sun/hales-sunspot-polarity-law|url-status=live}}</ref>
* The [[International Astronomical Union]] is established in Paris.
==Chemistry==
* June 1 – The term ''covalence'' in relation to [[chemical bond]]ing is first used by [[Irving Langmuir]].<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1021/ja02227a002|volume=41|issue=6|pages=868–934|last=Langmuir|first=Irving|title=The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules|journal=[[Journal of the American Chemical Society]]|year=1919|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1429026}}</ref>
* [[Francis William Aston|F. W. Aston]] discovers multiple stable [[isotope]]s for [[neon]].
==History of science==
* [[Leonard Eugene Dickson]] begins publication of ''[[History of the Theory of Numbers]]''.
==Mathematics==
* [[Viggo Brun]] proves [[Brun's theorem]] ''B''<sub>2</sub> for [[twin prime]]s.
* [[G. H. Hardy]] rediscovers [[Pisot–Vijayaraghavan number]]s in the context of [[Diophantine approximation]].
==Medicine==
* Dr [[George Newman (doctor)|George Newman]] is appointed as the first [[Chief Medical Officer (United Kingdom)|Chief Medical Officer]] to the [[Department of Health (United Kingdom)|Ministry of Health]] in [[England and Wales]].
==Physics==
* May 29 – [[Albert Einstein|Einstein's]] theory of [[general relativity]] is tested by [[Arthur Eddington]]'s observation of the "bending of light" during the total [[solar eclipse of May 29, 1919|solar eclipse]] on this day observed in [[Principe]], and by [[Andrew Crommelin]] in [[Sobral, Ceará]], [[Brazil]] (confirmed November 6).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Dyson|first=F. W.|author2=Eddington, A. S.|author3=Davidson, C. R.|year=1920|title=A Determination of the Deflection of Light by the Sun's Gravitational Field, from Observations Made at the Solar eclipse of May 29, 1919|journal=[[Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences]]|volume=220|issue=571–581|pages=291–333|bibcode=1920RSPTA.220..291D|doi=10.1098/rsta.1920.0009|url=https://zenodo.org/record/1432106|doi-access=free}} Paper received October 30, read November 6, published April 27, 1920.</ref>
* [[Arnold Sommerfeld]] and [[Walther Kossel]] publish their [[Sommerfeld–Kossel displacement law|displacement law]].<ref>''Verhandlungen der Deutschen Physikalischen Gesellschaft''.; {{cite book|last1=Mehra|first1=Jagdish|first2=Helmut|last2=Rechenberg|author-link1=Jagdish Mehra |author-link2=Helmut Rechenberg |title=The Historical Development of Quantum Theory. Vol. 1, Part 1: The Quantum Theory of Planck, Einstein, Bohr and Sommerfeld 1900–1925: its Foundation and the Rise of Its Difficulties|publisher=Springer|year=1982|isbn=978-0-387-95174-4|page=330}}</ref>
* [[James Jeans]] discovers that the dynamical constants of motion determine the distribution function for a system of particles.
* [[Betz's law]] is published by German physicist [[Albert Betz]], indicating the maximum power that can be extracted from the wind, independent of the design of a wind turbine in open flow.
==Psychology==
* In Berlin Dr [[Magnus Hirschfeld]] and [[Arthur Kronfeld]] found the ''[[Institut für Sexualwissenschaft]]''.<ref>[http://www.hirschfeld.in-berlin.de/aus_inst_en.html hirschfeld.in-berlin.de, ''The first Institute for Sexual Science''.]</ref><ref>[http://www.stonewallsociety.com/famouspeople/magnus.htm Famous GLBT & GLBTI People – Dr. Magnus Hirschfeld] stonewallsociety.</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Tex-BuFgji0C&pg=PA16 Grossmann, Atina. ''Reforming Sex''. Oxford University Press, 1995.]</ref><ref>[http://www.sgipt.org/gesch/kronf/kronf_e.htm ''In Memory of Arthur Kronfeld''.]</ref>
==Technology==
* First crossings of the Atlantic Ocean by air.
** May 8–27 – United States Navy [[Curtiss Aeroplane and Motor Company|Curtiss]] [[flying boat]] [[NC-4]] commanded by [[Albert Cushing Read]] makes the first [[transatlantic flight]], from [[Naval Air Station Rockaway]] to [[Lisbon]] via Newfoundland and the [[Azores]].
** June 14–15 – A [[Vickers Vimy]] flown by [[John Alcock (aviator)|John Alcock]] and [[Arthur Whitten Brown]] makes the first [[Transatlantic flight of Alcock and Brown|nonstop transatlantic flight]], from [[St. John's, Newfoundland]], to [[Clifden]], Ireland.
** July 2–6 – British [[airship]] [[R34 (airship)|R34]] makes the first transatlantic flight by dirigible, and the first westbound flight, from [[RAF East Fortune]], [[Scotland]], to [[Mineola, New York]].
*May 29 – [[Charles Strite]] files a United States [[patent]] for the electric pop-up bread [[toaster]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Charles Panati|title=Panati's Extraordinary Origins of Everyday Things|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=utroDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA118|date=15 August 2016|publisher=Book Sales|isbn=978-0-7858-3437-3|pages=118}}</ref>
*October 17 – Dr. [[Frank Conrad]] begins broadcasting from [[KDKA-AM|8XK]] in [[Pittsburgh]] (United States).
* [[Lee De Forest]] files his first United States patent for the [[Phonofilm]] [[sound-on-film]] process.
* United States firearms designer [[John Browning]] finalizes the design of the [[M1919 Browning machine gun]].
* United States firearms designer [[John T. Thompson]] finalizes the design of the [[Thompson submachine gun]].
* A United States patent for the self-folding [[Collar (clothing)|shirt collar]] is obtained by the [[PVH (company)#History|Phillips-Jones Corporation]].
==Awards==
* [[Nobel Prize]]
** [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Physics]] – [[Johannes Stark]]
** [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Chemistry]] – not awarded
** [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Medicine]] – [[Jules Bordet]]
==Births==
* January 23 – [[Hans Hass]] (died [[2013 in science|2013]]), [[Austrians|Austrian]] zoologist and oceanographer.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/04/science/earth/hans-hass-early-undersea-explorer-dies-at-94.html|title=Hans Hass, 94, early explorer of the world beneath the sea|last=Vitello|first=Paul|date=July 7, 2013|work=[[The New York Times]]|page=A18|access-date=23 March 2014}}</ref>
* February 25 – [[Karl H. Pribram]] (died [[2015 in science|2015]]), Austrian-American neuroscientist.
* April 1 – [[Joseph Murray]] (died [[2012 in science|2012]]), American [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine|Nobel Prize]]-winning transplant surgeon.
* June 22 – [[Henri Tajfel]] (died [[1982 in science|1982]]), [[Poland|Polish]]-born [[social psychologist]].
* July 26 – [[James Lovelock]] (died [[2022 in science|2022]]), English [[environmentalist]] and [[futurologist]].
* August 12 – [[Margaret Burbidge]], born Eleanor Margaret Peachey (died [[2020 in science|2020]]), English-born American [[astronomer]].
* August 30 – [[Maurice Hilleman]] (died [[2005 in science|2005]]), American [[vaccinologist]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Dove|first=Alan|date=April 2005|title=Maurice Hilleman|journal=[[Nature Medicine]]|volume=11|issue=4|pages=S2|doi=10.1038/nm1223|pmid=15812484|s2cid=13028372|issn=1546-170X|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* September 6 – [[Wilson Greatbatch]] (died [[2011 in science|2011]]), American [[biomedical engineer]].
* September 21 – [[Mario Bunge]] (died [[2020 in science|2020]]), [[Argentina|Argentine]]-born philosopher of science.
* November 10 – [[Mikhail Kalashnikov]] (died 2013), Russian [[small arms]] designer.
* December 8 – [[Kateryna Yushchenko (scientist)|Kateryna Yushchenko]] (died [[2001 in science|2001]]), Ukrainian computer scientist and academic.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Perevozchikova |first=O. L. |title=Ekaterina Logvinovna Yushchenko |journal=Cybernetics and Systems Analysis |volume=45 |number=6 |year=2009| page=843}}</ref>
==Deaths==
* January 15 – [[Rosa Luxemburg]] (born [[1871]]), Polish [[Marxist philosophy|Marxist theorist]], [[Philosophy|philosopher]], [[economist]], [[Anti-war movement|anti-war activist]], and [[Revolutionary socialism|revolutionary socialist]].
* February 19 – [[Frederick DuCane Godman]] (born [[1834 in science|1834]]), English [[lepidopterist]], [[entomologist]] and [[ornithologist]].
* April 4 – Sir [[William Crookes]] (born [[1832 in science|1832]]), English [[chemist]] and [[physicist]].
* April 8 – [[Loránd Eötvös]] (born [[1848 in science|1848]]), [[Hungarians|Hungarian]] physicist.
* April 17 – [[Bernhard Sigmund Schultze]] (born [[1827 in science|1827]]), German [[obstetrician]].
* May 8 – [[LaMarcus Adna Thompson]] (born 1848), American inventor.
* c. June 1 – [[Caroline Still Anderson]] (born 1848), African American physician, educator and activist.
* June 30 – [[John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh]] (born [[1842 in science|1842]]), English [[Nobel Prize]]-winning physicist.
* July 15 – [[Emil Fischer]] (born [[1852 in science|1852]]), German Nobel Prize-winning chemist ([[suicide]]).
* July 21 – [[Gustaf Retzius]] (born [[1842 in science|1842]]), Swedish [[anatomist]].
* August 8 – [[Ernst Haeckel]] (born [[1834 in science|1834]]), German [[zoologist]].
* August 23 – [[Augustus George Vernon Harcourt]] (born 1834), English chemist.
* November 23 – [[Henry Gantt]] (born [[1861 in science|1861]]), American [[project engineer]].
* December 16 – [[Julia Lermontova]] (born [[1846 in science|1846]]), Russian chemist.
* December 29 – Sir [[William Osler]] (born [[1849 in science|1849]]), Canadian-born [[physician]].
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:1919 In Science}}
[[Category:1919 in science| ]]
[[Category:20th century in science]]
[[Category:1910s in science]]
| 1,269,837,313 |
[]
| false |
# 1877 Hawkesbury colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of The Hawkesbury on 7 April 1877 because William Piddington had been appointed Colonial Treasurer in the second Parkes ministry. Such ministerial by-elections were usually uncontested and on this occasion, The Hawkesbury was the only district at which the re-election of a minister was opposed.
## Dates
| Date | Event |
| ------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| 23 March 1877 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 4 April 1877 | Nominations |
| 7 April 1877 | Polling day |
| 19 April 1877 | Return of writ |
## Results
| Candidate | Candidate | Votes | % |
| ---------------------------- | ---------------------------- | ----- | ----- |
| William Piddington (elected) | William Piddington (elected) | 439 | 72.8 |
| George Davies | George Davies | 164 | 27.2 |
| Total formal votes | Total formal votes | 603 | 100.0 |
| Informal votes | Informal votes | 0 | 0.0 |
| Turnout | Turnout | 603 | 43.7 |
|
enwiki/62110586
|
enwiki
| 62,110,586 |
1877 Hawkesbury colonial by-election
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1877_Hawkesbury_colonial_by-election
|
2021-06-01T11:04:15Z
|
en
|
Q85720179
| 67,327 |
{{Short description|By-election in New South Wales, Australia}}
{{Use Australian English|date=June 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
A by-election was held for the [[New South Wales Legislative Assembly]] electorate of [[Electoral district of Hawkesbury|The Hawkesbury]] on 7 April 1877 because [[William Piddington]] had been appointed [[Colonial Treasurer of New South Wales|Colonial Treasurer]] in the [[Parkes ministry (1877)|second Parkes ministry]].<ref name="William Piddington NSW parl">{{Cite NSW Parliament |name=Mr William Richman Piddington (1815–1887) |id=422 |former=Yes |access-date=25 June 2019}}</ref> Such ministerial by-elections were usually uncontested and on this occasion, The Hawkesbury was the only district at which the re-election of a minister was opposed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article13396625 |title=The Hawkesbury election |newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=5 April 1877 |access-date=20 October 2019 |page=3 |via=Trove}}</ref>
==Dates==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Date
! Event
|-
| 23 March 1877
| [[Writ of election]] issued by the [[Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly|Speaker of the Legislative Assembly]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article223129991 |title=Writ of election: The Hawkesbury |newspaper=[[New South Wales Government Gazette]] |issue=100 |date=23 March 1877 |access-date=20 October 2019 |page=1213 |via=Trove}}</ref>
|-
| 4 April 1877
| Nominations
|-
| 7 April 1877
| Polling day
|-
| 19 April 1877
| Return of writ
|}
==Results==
{{Election box begin no party no change AU
|title = <includeonly>[[1877 Hawkesbury colonial by-election|</includeonly>1877 The Hawkesbury by-election<includeonly>]]</includeonly><br>Saturday 7 April{{hsp}}<ref name="Green Hawkesbury 1877 by-election">{{Cite NSW election |title=1877 The Hawkesbury by-election |year=1874-5 |district=Hawkesbury_1 |access-date=20 October 2019}}</ref>
}}
{{Election box winning candidate no party no change
|candidate = [[William Piddington]] (elected)
|votes = 439
|percentage = 72.8
}}
{{Election box candidate no party no change
|candidate = George Davies
|votes = 164
|percentage = 27.2
}}
{{Election box formal no party no change AU
|votes = 603
|percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box informal no party no change AU
|votes = 0
|percentage = 0.0
}}
{{Election box turnout no party no change AU
|votes = 603
|percentage = 43.7{{hsp}}{{efn|Turnout is an estimate based on the roll of 1,380 at the [[1877 New South Wales colonial election|election on 30 October 1877]].{{refn|name=Results of the 1877 New South Wales colonial election Green 1877 Hawkesbury<noinclude>|{{Cite NSW election |year=1877 |district=Hawkesbury |access-date=2020-09-24}}</noinclude>}}}}
}}
{{Election box end}}<includeonly>
[[William Piddington]] had been appointed [[Colonial Treasurer of New South Wales|Colonial Treasurer]] in the [[Parkes ministry (1877)|second Parkes ministry]].<ref name="Green Hawkesbury 1877 by-election"/></includeonly>
==See also==
*[[Electoral results for the district of Hawkesbury]]
*[[List of New South Wales state by-elections]]
==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{NSW by-elections 8th parl|state=expanded}}
{{Results of New South Wales state elections}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hawkesbury 1877}}
[[Category:1877 elections in Australia]]
[[Category:New South Wales state by-elections]]
[[Category:1870s in New South Wales]]
| 1,026,281,209 |
[]
| false |
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