AIDS in pregnancy in India?
821429
Transmission From Mother to Child, Can Be Greatly Cut, AZT Used to Be Used for this, Maybe the Drugs Now Are Prohibitively Expensive In India, I Think they Need Only to Be Used Shortly Before Birth (a Few Days).
448485
Well First of all i would say this is a very good question. But i think the status in India is getting worse every day, i just read accoding to a survey it is increasing by 10% every year so it means if it continue at the same level, then in 10 years everyone in the county will be HIV positive. Thats Terrible. About the steps taken by govt, they are doing nothing, let me give you a very good example, i myself is 19 yr old guy from Delhi and i have sex every week with a new girl and i think this is gonna continue. But no one ever came to me asking for HIV check up.  I think the government should make these checkups necessarry for everyone betweenthe age of 18-28. And there is ofcourse a lot to do.\nHope it will give you a answer you were looking for.
505534
Do you mean "aides" as in assistants or "AIDS" as in acquired immune deficiency syndrome?  You posted your question in the Diseases section so it sounds like you mean AIDS!  Gosh, I hope not.
76769
HIV (āch'ī-vē') \nn.\nA retrovirus that causes AIDS by infecting helper T cells of the immune system. The most common serotype, HIV-1, is distributed worldwide, while HIV-2 is primarily confined to West Africa.\n\n\nHIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus that infects cells of the human immune system. It is widely accepted that infection with HIV causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), a disease characterized by the destruction of the immune system. In the United States and Europe, antibodies to HIV are one of the criteria for a diagnosis of AIDS.\n\n\nHIV is transmitted through penetrative (anal or vaginal) and oral sex, blood transfusion, the sharing of contaminated needles in health care settings and through drug injection, and between mother and infant during pregnancy, childbirth and breastfeeding according to a leading international health care source UN AIDS in UNAIDS transmission (http://www.unaids.org/en/Resources/faq/faq_transmission.asp#7). The use of physical barriers such as the latex condom is widely advocated to reduce the risk of sexual transmission of HIV.\n\nThe WHO estimated in 2000 that 25% of the units of blood transfused in Africa were not tested for HIV and 5% to 10% of cases of HIV infection in Africa were transmitted via blood.\n\n\nHIV enters a CD4+ helper T-cell by bonding with either CXCR4 or both CXCR4 and CCR5 depending on what stage the HIV infection is in. A cofactor protein (fusin) is required to assist binding of the viron to the membrane of the T-cell. During the early phases of an HIV infection typically both CCR5 and CXCR4 are bound while late stage infection often involve HIV mutations that only bind to CXCR4.\n\nOnce HIV has bound to the CD4+ T-cell a viral protein known as GP41 penetrates the cell membrane and the HIV RNA and various enzymes including but not limited to reverse transcriptase, integrase and protease are injected into the cell.\n\nThe host T-cell can process RNA into proteins (as in Polio virus) but this doesn't happen with HIV. Instead, HIV is stabilised by copying it into DNA and inserting it into the host cell's chromosomes. This means the virus can perform more subtle functions by using the host transcription machinery. The virus generates DNA from the HIV RNA using the reverse transcriptase enzyme to perform reverse transcription. This process can be inhibited by drugs. If this succeeds the pro-viral DNA must then be integrated into the host cell DNA using the integrase enzyme. If the pro-viral DNA becomes integrated into the host cell's DNA the cell is now fully infected but not actively producing HIV proteins. This is the latent stage of an HIV infection during which the infected cell can be an "unexploded bomb" for potentially a long time.\n\nTo actively produce virus, certain transcription factors need to be present in the cell. The most important is called NF-kB (NF Kappa B) and is present once the T cells becomes activated. This means that those cells most likely to be killed by HIV are in fact those currently fighting infection.\n\nThe production of the virus is regulated, like that of many viruses. Initially the integrated provirus is copied to mRNA which is then spliced into smaller chunks. These small chunks produce the regulatory proteins Tat (which encourages new virus production) and Rev. As Rev accumulates it gradually starts to inhibit mRNA splicing. At this stage the structural proteins Gag and Env are produced from the full-length mRNA. Additionally the full-length RNA is actually the virus genome, so it binds to the Gag protein and is packaged into new virus particles.\n\nInterestingly HIV-1 and HIV-2 appear to package their RNA differently - HIV-1 will bind to any appropriate RNA whereas HIV-2 will preferentially bind to the mRNA which was used to create the Gag protein! This may mean that HIV-1 is better able to mutate (HIV-1 causes AIDS faster than HIV-2 and is the majority species of the virus
209739
Nope, just in the unlikely situation that both kissing ends have oral ulcers that are bleeding, Otherwise no. AIDS is transmitted sexually, vertically( from mother to fetus),  by sharing needles used for drugs(most common in prisons), and by getting blood transfusion frim an infected donor.
1160397
NonGovernmentalOrganizationS and HIV/AIDS awareness : http://www.globalpolicy.org/reform/business/2003/0107hivbiz.htm\nHundreds of thousands of volunteers and churches are additional sources. Good Luck.
844992
There are several organisations involved in checking and treatment of AIDS. Try to get in touch with APAC.
1115236
Yes.  If a woman has HIV she can pass it to her child.   However, if the woman is taking HIV medication that are keeping her viral load low and she has a C section and does not breastfeed - chances are very LOW for the child to be born with HIV.\n\nI am an HIV positive woman that had a positive child because I did not know I had HIV when I was pregnant and therefore took no precautions.   That is why it is very important to be tested when you are pregnant.
273498
You have asked several questions. An egg that is fertilized with sperm from an HIV+ father will probably have the disease because of the manner in which fertilzation in vitro is performed. Then the embryo (more likely, several) embryos are implanted into a woman. These embryos are implanted into the woman without separating them from seminal fluid including the HIV virus. I rather suspect, the woman has just been exposed to HIV and will become positive herself. It is barely possible the child will not develop the disease but what gain is that if the wife falls ill. \n\nThe next question deals with killing the HIV virus by freezing the semen and/or the embryo. That won't happen. Viruses are almost non-living molecules. They commandeer the DNA of cells and get cells to support them. Treatment by cooling, will not kill a virus. We used to "store" viruses by freezing them in liquid nitrogen. The sperm cell will die well before a virus can be killed. Cells are far more fragile than viruses.\n\nThe next issue is that females do not have sperms. They have eggs which require fertilization either inside or outside of their bodies and the embryo requires a womb for implantation so it can grow and become a developed organism.\n\nThe risks of such a procedure are clear to me. They are about the same as having unprotected sex with the woman. If both of you are agreeable to this, so be it. This is not my call but I did wish to explain a couple of things.
220878
yes there is a high likelihood that an HIV positive mother can indeed have a HIV negative baby if the mother follows strict guidelines and parameters set by her ID and OBGYN doctors.For more information on this topic and your other question please check out sites like poz.com, aidsmeds.com, thebody.com and inspot.org.
1071013
Yes. HIV is transmitted through direct contact of a mucous membrane or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk. This transmission can come in the form of anal, vaginal or oral sex, blood transfusion, contaminated needles, exchange between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding, or other exposure to one of the above bodily fluids.
534968
India, with estimated 5.7 million people currently living with HIV/AIDS. South Africa is second with 5.5 million.
1028629
The link below may help.  It has breaking news in Health.  The AIDS epidemic is always topical.
992292
Aids is a disease that is spread through intercourse with different partners during sexual acts, or sharing dirty infected needles for drug useage, or even from bodily fluids being exchanged... \n\nSource(s):\nHIV is transmitted through direct contact of a mucous membrane or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid or breast milk. This transmission can come in the form of: (anal or vaginal) sex; blood transfusion; contaminated needles; exchange between mother and infant during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding; or other exposure to one of the above bodily fluids.\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/aids...
275902
probably u mean "aids";\nintact skin is a good barrier aganst the virus, but any contact between areas wothout skin coverage can provide a route for aids transfer. this occurs in sexual contacts, sharing used needles, blood transfusion, accidental contact with wounds or other body secretions of the infected person (exept saliva & sweat) to teared skin or eyes or other mucosal surfaces.fetus of infected mother may catch the disease from the mother during pregnancy; breast milk may transfer the virus to the infant.
91455
Since the beginning of the epidemic, three main transmission routes of HIV have been identified:\n\nSexual route. The majority of HIV infections have been, and still are, acquired through unprotected sexual relations. Sexual transmission occurs when there is contact between sexual secretions of one partner with the rectal, genital or mouth mucous membranes of another. \nBlood or blood product route. This transmission route is particularly important for intravenous drug users, hemophiliacs and recipients of blood transfusions and blood products. Health care workers (nurses, laboratory workers, doctors etc) are also concerned, although more rarely. Also concerned by this route are people who give and receive tattoos and piercings. \nMother-to-child route (vertical transmission). The transmission of the virus from the mother to the child can occur in utero during the last weeks of pregnancy and at childbirth. Breast feeding also presents a risk of infection for the baby. In the absence of treatment, the transmission rate between the mother and child was 20%. However, where treatment is available, combined with the availability of Cesarian section, this has been reduced to 1%. \nHIV has been found in the saliva, tears and urine of infected individuals, but due to the low concentration of virus in these biological liquids, the risk is considered to be negligible.
480160
No way.  I would have the baby.  The percentage of babies being born with HIV to HIV positive mothers has gotten so small.  With proper treatment you can be assured that your baby would most likely not be born HIV positive.  The interesting thing is that in Africa there were mothers that were HIV positive and not knowing this breast fed their babies and then passed the HIV virus on to their babies.  Of course most people would agree that breast milk is best, and in some third world countries this is the only choice they have.  But with the growing number of African people getting aids more international groups are trying to educate, test, and pass out condoms to many groups.  Here in the united states we have the information right at hand to educate ourselves about aids (Internet, doctors, health clinics) but  people in other countries are just starting to understand what the AIDS thing is all about.  If you are in fact pregnant, and this question is not a hypothetical one, then I think you should def. talk to someone about HIV and what the options are for your unborn child.  If you decide to have the baby, and for reasons of your own do not want to keep it, adoption is a great thing to do.  I have two children, but given the chance I would adopt in a heartbeat.  I will keep you, hypothetical question or not in my prayers.