What is the relationship between the terms genotype and phenotype?
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Genotype is the description of the alleles an individual possesses for a particular trait. (ex: Bb)\nPhenotype is the physical expression of the alleles - what an organism looks like. (ex: Blue eyes)
699803
There are two type of alleles: dominant and recessive.\n\nThe rule of dominance is basically that if dominant is present in the allele, the phenotype (appearance) will not show the recessive gene.\n\nIn Mendel's pea plant experiment, his dominant was purple flower  (PP) and recessive was white flower (pp). \nWhen he crossed purple with white, he got all purples, with genotype (gene) of Pp. Since purple is dominant and is present in genotype, the flower is purple.
708035
I can only answer number one.\nThe possible traits can be determined.  But there's no way of know the exact traits of the offspring unless the parents have either two dominate or two recessive genes with every specif trait.  For instance, using punnett square:\n \n----d----d\nD  Dd Dd\nD  Dd Dd\n\nAll the possible genotypes are the same.\nSorry I couldn't answer your other questions!
960310
A dominant trait is one that only needs one allele to be expressed in the phenotype. For example:\nIf R is the allele for green eyes and r is the allele for brown eyes, then a person would only need one R to get green eyes (which would make green the dominant trait) while you would need two r's to get brown (making it recessive).\nI can't put the punnet square here but if you take a look at the source site, you'll see what one looks like. \n\nSo in this case, you would have green eyes most of the time as R is expressed 3/4 times (or 75% of the time), while rr is only expressed 1/4 times (or 25%)\n\nI hope this makes sense! I gave a reference for the punnet square.
346316
Heredity  The transmission of genetic characteristics from parent to child..It's what gives you your hair color and eye color and things of that sort, even gives you certain diseases...like sickel cell anemia...
832172
Chromosomes are strands of DNA. Genes are sections of DNA. So a chromosome is made up of DNA and has many genes on it. Genetic means "of or relating to genes". So, yes, eye color and hair color is genetic, and the genes that determine these traits are in chromosomes. You should read about genetics in a biology textbook or online. Here's a website that talks about genetics in a simple, easy to understand way:\nhttp://www.purchon.com/biology/genetics.htm\n\nI have hair that's light brown and I have blue eyes, so I'd be B.
101735
Natural selection is a mechanism of evolution which involves the "interaction" with environment. The fitness of an organism to their environment depends on it's phenotype, not genotype, since genotype doesn't "interact" with environment.\n\nAs for example, black heterozygote moth which lives in a polluted area (black sky), have the same fitness as black homozygote moth at the same condition.They're harder to be noticed by their predator, hence have a better chance to survive compared to those white moths. \nBoth of the moths have different genotype, but since the two genotypes are translated into one same phenotypes, it doesn't affect their fitness.\n\nAnd as conclusion, natural selection only works on phenotypes, since only phenotypes that have direct "interaction" to the environment.
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If there are two different alleles that cause different phenotypes, AND the phenotype of the het is indistinguishable from the phenotype of one of the homozygotes, then we say that that allele is completely dominant to the other, recessive allele.\n\nIncomplete dominance is usually used when the het has an intermediate phenotype due to haploinsufficiency, for instance, having one allele that codes for a working red pigment and one allele that codes for a broken pigment yields a pink flower that isn't making as much red pigment as the red homozygote.\n\nCo-dominance is when you can clearly see both gene products at the same time, like seeing blood cells with the A antigen and the B antigen.\n\n"Sickle-cell anemia illustrates that the terms dominance, incomplete dominance, and codominance are somewhat arbitrary. The type of dominance inferred depends on the phenotypic level at which the observations are being madeorganismal, cellular, or molecular. Indeed the same caution can be applied to many of the categories that scientists use to classify structures and processes; these categories are devised by humans for convenience of analysis."
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In genetics, the term "recessive gene" refers to an allele that causes a phenotype (visible or detectable characteristic) that is only seen in a homozygous genotype (an organism that has two copies of the same allele). Every person has two copies of every gene, one from mother and one from father. If a genetic trait is recessive, a person needs to inherit two copies of the gene for the trait to be expressed. Thus, both parents have to be carriers of a recessive trait in order for a child to express that trait. If both parents are carriers, there is a 25% chance with each child to show the recessive trait.\n\nThe term "recessive gene" is part of the laws of Mendelian inheritance created by Gregor Mendel. Examples of recessive genes in Mendel's famous pea plant experiments include those that determine the color and shape of seed pods, and plant height.
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Genotype is the trait inherited\nPhenotype is the physical attribute\n\nE.g.:\na. Genotype- height\n   Phenotype- short or tall\n\nb. Genotype- fur colour\n   Phenotype- black or brown (taking into account that it is a mouse)\n\nc. Genotype- hair\n   Phenotype- straight or curly
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A homozygote's cells are diploid or polyploid and have the same alleles at a locus (position) on homologous chromosomes. When an organism is referred to as being homozygous for a specific gene, it means that it carries two identical copies of that gene for a given trait on the two corresponding chromosomes (e.g., the genotype is AA or aa). Such a cell or such an organism is called a homozygote.\n\nA homozygous dominant genotype occurs when a particular locus has two copies of the dominant allele (e.g., AA). A homozygous recessive genotype occurs when a particular locus has two copies of the recessive allele (e.g., aa). This can occur when both parents carry at least one copy of the allele.\n\nPut simply: Homozygous is just having two of the same alleles.
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Definition: \n  \nstudy of heredity: the branch of biology that deals with heredity and genetic variations ( takes a singular verb )
679420
The genetic composition--the genotype--is what determines the phenotype of an individual. The phenotype is how the genes are expressed physically, thus it includes what it looks like.
216865
Some traits are determined by the combined effect of more than one pair of genes.  These are referred to as polygenic, or continuous, traits.  An example of this is human stature.  The combined size of all of the body parts from head to foot determines the height of an individual.  There is an additive effect.  The sizes of all of these body parts are, in turn, determined by numerous genes.   Human skin, hair, and eye color are also polygenic traits because they are influenced by more than one allele at different loci.  The result is the perception of continuous gradation in the expression of these traits.\n\nWhoops!  I didn't realize I used the same source as the answer above!  :o)  Sorry.
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Okay, genotype II splits into I and I.  Genotype IAIB splits into IA and IB.  Make your square.\n\n     I        I\nIA  IIA      IIA\n\nIB  IIB      IIB\n\nYour possible solutions are types A or B only
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Offspring that are not exactly like either parent are produced by intermeadiate inheritance or incomplete inheritance.  for example, if we cross a red flower (PP) with a white flower (pp), the off spring has the genotype (Pp).  Sometimes the phenotype(physical feature) of the offspring will be neither white nor red, instead they will be pink or a lighter shade of red. (not exactly like either parent), this phenomenon is called intermediate inheritance. (That is how we get a brown child from a black and white parents.)
718759
the frequency of a given phenotype. ie, the incidence of blonde hair, the incidence of brown hair, and the incidence of red hair. genotype frquency would be similar - incidence of BB (for brown hair) Bb (for brown hair) and bb (for blonde). Obviously, hair color is more than just one gene, but i think you get the idea.