What is embedded means in computer technology?
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Those answers while true... may not be enough.\n\nEmbedded used in a computer context USUALLY means,\n\nsoftware stored on chip rather than other means.\n\nFor example, I can embed Windows on a chip rather than the hard drive. So the device will boot from chip memeory instead of the hard drive. \n\nMany appliances are imbedding operating systems on chips so they can run applications and use networking. Linux and the old BeOS are heavily being persued for that use.
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I deal in the embedded field on a daily basis.\n\nHard to say specifically that it is "hot", but I will tell you that there is a shortage of people that are good at it.\n\nYou require knowledge of hardware, how a CPU functions (including interrupts, DMA transfers, and timing considerations), assembly languages, real-time considerations, testing methodology, and require a strong debugging skillset. All of this, plus be a good programmer as well.\n\nSome find it exciting, some boring, it all depends on how you approach your work.\n\nHard to call it a boom really, just a lot of possibilities. Not too much is being outsourced right now, but could change in future.
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In information technology, hardware is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other devices. The term arose as a way to distinguish the "box" and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer from the program you put in it to make it do things. The program came to be known as the software. \nHardware implies permanence and invariability. Software or programming can easily be varied. You can put an entirely new program in the hardware and make it create an entirely new experience for the user. You can, however, change the modular configurations that most computers come with by adding new adapters or cards that extend the computer's capabilities. \n\nLike software, hardware is a collective term. Hardware includes not only the computer proper but also the cables, connectors, power supply units, and peripheral devices such as the keyboard, mouse, audio speakers, and printers. \n\nHardware is sometimes used as a term collectively describing the physical aspects of telephony and telecommunications network infrastructure.
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A device driver, or a software driver is a specific type of computer software, typically developed to allow interaction with hardware devices. Typically this constitutes an interface for communicating with the device, through the specific computer bus or communications subsystem that the hardware is connected to, providing commands to and/or receiving data from the device, and on the other end, the requisite interfaces to the operating system and software applications. Often called a driver for short, it is a specialized hardware dependent computer program which is also operating system specific that enables another program, typically an operating system or applications software package or computer program running under the operating system kernel, to interact transparently with a hardware device, and usually provides the requisite interrupt handling necessary for any necessary asynchronous time-dependent hardware interfacing needs.
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I would think that microelectronics is just another word for integrated circuit. Now adays the can fit 1 billion transistors on a tiny little chip. ICs are used everywhere now (cars, microwaves, computers, cell phones, etc...).\n\nmore info: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_circuit
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computer science\nThe field of computer hardware and software. It includes systems analysis & design, application and system software design and programming and datacenter operations. For young students, the emphasis is typically on learning a programming language or running a computer with little attention to information science, the study of information and its uses.\n\nIf students were introduced to data administration, DBMS concepts and transaction and master files, they would have a better grasp of an organization's typical information requirements.
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Embedded systems are all those computers/microprocessors that are built into everyday things to make them "smart". \n\nEamples:\nAutomotive compters\nWatches\nMicrowave ovens\niPods\nDVD players\nCash stations\nCell phones\nXerox machines\nDigital cameras\nParking meters\nRoombas
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Actually any program that could do this would be considered to have an embedded operating system. Many antivirus and system recovery programs use a minimized o/s in order to access the hard drive.
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A processor or CPU is the main chip of a computer. Its basically the "brain" It sends out all the information and tells the rest of the computer what it needs to do.\n\nRam, or otherwise known by most people is "memory" It basically speeds up the performance of a computer by "remembering" so to speak different actions the computer takes. That way it doesn't have to "remember" how to do the same thing over again.
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CPU stands for Central Processing Unit, which is also called the Processor, though some peoploe tend to think that the Tower (or computer as a whole) whcih encases the CPU, Motherboard, etc. IS the CPU.  \n\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:\n\nA chipset is a group of integrated circuits ("chips") that are designed to work together, and are usually marketed as a single product.\n\nIn computing, the term chipset is commonly used to refer to the specialized motherboard chips on a computer or expansion card. When discussing personal computers (PCs) based on recent Intel Pentium-class systems, the term "chipset" often refers to the two main motherboard chips: the northbridge and southbridge. The manufacturer of a chipset can be, and often is, independent from the manufacturer of the motherboard. Examples of PC motherboard chipsets include NVIDIA's nForce chipset and VIA Technologies' KT800, both for AMD processors, or one of Intel's many chipsets (see, for example, [1]).\n\nThe term "chipset" was also widely used in the 1980s and 1990s for the custom audio and graphics chips in home computers, games consoles and arcade game hardware of the time. Examples include the Commodore Amiga's Original Chip Set or SEGA's System 16 chipset.\n\nComputer systems produced since the late 1980s often share commonly used chipsets, even across widely disparate computing specialties—for example, the NCR 53C9x, a low-cost chipset implementing a SCSI interface to storage devices and the like, could be found not only in Unix machines (such as the MIPS Magnum), but also in embedded devices and personal computers.\n\nThe Chipsets are usually smaller than the CPU and are located elsewhere on the motherboard.
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A central processing unit (CPU), or sometimes simply processor, is the component in a digital computer that interprets instructions and processes data contained in computer programs. CPUs provide the fundamental digital computer trait of programmability, and are one of the necessary components found in computers of any era, along with primary storage and input/output facilities. A CPU that is manufactured using integrated circuits is known as a microprocessor. Since the mid-1970s, single-chip microprocessors have almost totally replaced all other types of CPUs, and today the term "CPU" is usually applied to some type of microprocessor.\n\nThe phrase "central processing unit" is, in general terms, a description of a certain class of logic machines that can execute complex computer programs. This broad definition can easily be applied to many early computers that existed long before the term "CPU" ever came into widespread usage. However, the term itself and its initialism have been in use in the computer industry at least since the early 1960s (Weik 1961). The form, design and implementation of CPUs have changed dramatically since the earliest examples, but their fundamental operation has remained much the same.\n\nEarly CPUs were custom-designed as a part of a larger, usually one-of-a-kind, computer. However, this costly method of designing custom CPUs for a particular application has largely given way to the development of inexpensive and standardized classes of processors that are suited for one or many purposes. This standardization trend generally began in the era of discrete transistor mainframes and minicomputers and has rapidly accelerated with the popularization of the integrated circuit (IC). The IC has allowed increasingly complex CPUs to be designed and manufactured in very small spaces (on the order of millimeters). Both the miniaturization and standardization of CPUs have increased the presence of these digital devices in modern life far beyond the limited application of dedicated computing machines. Modern microprocessors appear in everything from automobiles to cell phones to children's toys.
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In computing, the kernel is the central component of most computer operating systems (OSs). Its responsibilities include managing the system's resources and the communication between hardware and software components. As a basic component of an operating system, a kernel provides the lowest level of abstraction layer for the resources (especially memory, processors and I/O devices) that applications must control to perform their function. It typically makes these facilities available to application processes through inter-process communication mechanisms and system calls.\n\nclick here:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kernel_%28computer_science%29
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I would say computer technology.
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A microcontroller is by definition a is a computer on a chip. It includes all the necessary parts (including the memory) all in one IC. You just need to apply the power (and possibly clock signal) to that device and it starts executing the program programmed to it. A microcontroller generally has the main CPU core, ROM/EPROM/EEPROM/FLASH, RAM and some accessry functions (like timers and I/O controllers) all intergated into one chip. The original idea behind the microcontroller was to limit the capabilities of the CPU itself, allowing a complete computer (memory, I/O, interrupts, etc) to fit on the available silicon real estate. \n\nMicrocontrollers are typically used where processing power isn't so important. More important are generally compact construction, small size, low power consumption and that those chips are cheap. For example controlling a microwave oven is easily accomplished with the smallest of microcontrollers. There are countless number of small electronic devices which are nowdays based on microcontroller. A modern home can include easily tens or hundreds of microcontrollers, as almost every modern device which has electronics has a microcontroller (or more than one) inside. \n\nMicroprocessor is generally just the CPU core itself, althoguh nowadays it might have some accessory parts also integrated to the same chip (for example cache memory).
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In computer engineering, computer architecture is the conceptual design and fundamental operational structure of a computer system. It is a blueprint and functional description of requirements (especially speeds and interconnections) and design implementations for the various parts of a computer —focusing largely on the way by which the CPU performs internally and accesses addresses in memory.\n\n"Architecture" hence typically refers to the fixed internal structure of the CPU (ie. electronic switches to represent logic gates) to perform logical operations, and may also include the built-in interface (ie. opcode) by which hardware resources (ie. CPU, memory, and also motherboard, peripherals) may be used by the software.\n\nMore specific usages of the term include:\n\nThe design of a computer's CPU architecture, instruction set, addressing modes, and techniques such as SIMD and MIMD parallelism. \nMore general wider-scale hardware architectures, such as cluster computing and Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) architectures. \nArchitecture is often defined as the set of machine attributes that a programmer should understand in order to successfully program the specific computer (i.e., being able to reason about what the program will do when executed). For example, part of the architecture are the instructions and the width of operands manipulated by them. Similarly, the frequency at which the system operates is not part of the architecture. This definition reveals the two main considerations for computer architects: (1) Design hardware that behaves as the programmers think it should. (2) Utilize existing implementation technologies (e.g., semiconductors) to build the best computer possible (best can be defined in many different ways as described in Design Goals). The latter consideration is often referred to as microarchitecture.
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normal OS are real time . Real time means which give results immediately. Almost all of the modern OS are real time
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chips in common stand for memory chips. but a chip can also be a CPU, a Northbridge, a Southbridge, a USB-, Firewire- or RAID-Controller.