where is the validity of 2 nd law of thermodynamics...?
823151
I don't really understand what your question is.  In the first place, heat always flows from a warmer object to a cooler one.  That maximizes the number of possible arrangements of energy quanta, leading to an increased entropy.
799751
The first law is energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.\n\nThe second law is basically the entropy of the universe increases during any spontaneous process.  This is more easily thought of as energy moves from areas of higher energy to areas of lower energy AS LONG AS IT IS NOT PREVENTED from doing so.  In other words, energy disperses unless it's blocked.
895025
no. there is no such case , theroretically. because, according to the law of conservation of energy the total energy in any closed system is constant. however practically some energy is dissipated in a practical case.
177449
The second law is a statistical law. There was an experiment recently where minor violations were found because the number of particles in the system was so small. But other than such things, the second law is a law of thermodynamics and is accepted by all scientists. Warning: many lay people misunderstand what the second law says and derive wierd conclusions from their misunderstandings.
827958
The first part is correct.  If the numbers in the second part are correct, it is true only for an ideal gas.  Other materials have various densities in their liquid and solid states.
39290
I would disagree with both of you.  The 2nd law exists due to the interaction of a system and it's surroundings.  So, the second law of thermodynamics really applies to everything.  Applying it on a human time scale, however, is wrong.  All things tending to maximum entropy does not mean that all things break down immediately and that organization is impossible.  Chemical kinetics has much to do with keeping our world together.  Eventually, however, the second law does win out.  Darminian evolution, in my mind, actually highlights the 2nd law because organisms must die in order for species to evolve.  Even the proliferation of species (increased diversity) has an end (e.g., the mass extinctions at the end of the Permian and the Cretaceous).\n\nFurther, a species is, I think, very different than a snowflake but both are subject to the 2nd law.  A snowflake is held together by molecular bonds, but snowflakes *melt*.  Even if they don't melt immediately, say, in a glacier, they won't last forever.  SEE: Plate tectonics changing the latitude of the continents, or greenhouse gases warming the environment and melting the glaciers.  All of this illustrates the omnipresence of the 2nd law.
653703
The only way to prove this formula is to conduct an experiment. For the theory, recall that current density j is the fundamental quantity in Ohm's law. Also you will require the Boltzmann energy distribution.
812157
The  theory of evolution is based upon  many well placed assumptions. this theory means we guess......................There are undisputable  Laws of Thermodynamics,when understood, that smashes the theory of evolution into a million little pieces. Then we have to look elsewhere for the real source of life!........The two Laws of Thermodynamics stated:1)the first Law is energy conservation. Energy can be converted from  one form to another, yet the total amount of energy remains unchanged .Energy is neither being  created not destroyed at the present  time. 2) the second is the Law of decay. It affirms that although the total amount of energy  remains unchanged there is always atendency for it to become less available for useful work.There is a universal tendency toward DECAY and deteriation,a transition from a more orderly state, to aless orderly  state, finally to deenergization. In other words, the earth is running down...........Notice  the absolute Law fo Thermodynamics that has been proven  and the theory of evolution that CANNOT be proven.Evolution says we are evolving upward  to a better condition. the second absolute  Law of Thermodynamecs proves we aredecaying-not evolving to a better state....The  theory of evolution implies  increasing  organizaton and complexity in the universe and is in effect a doctrine of continuous creation. The first Law of Thermodynamics arrirms that creation is no longer occurring,while the second Law states that the original creation is decreasing in organization and complexity.
757981
Ideal gas law\n\nPV=nRT\n\nP is pressure\nV is volume\nn is moles of gas\nR is the ideal gas constant\nT is temperature\n\nGood luck!
888571
Second law of thermodynamics:\n\nBecause of the 2nd law, you can put a pig into a machine and get\nsausage, but you can't put sausage into the machine and get the pig back."
1064654
U=Q+W          1st Law of Thermodynamics\nU=nCv(Tf-Ti)  Def. of Internal Energy \n\nQ=1200 J\nW=-2120 J (- because work done by system)\nU=-920 J\n\nn=5 moles\nCv=1.5R (monoatomic gas)\nTi=126°C\ntherefore, Tf-126=-920/(5*12.465)\n=-14.76\nTf=111.24 °C (final temperature of gas)\n\nBy the way, its always a good idea to look up the text of the Physics book before attempting the homework problems.
586708
because of 1st rule of thermodynamic!
348717
It actually is not, we just assume it because the difference is neglegible.If you want the exact relationship then go to google and search for thermal expansion.\nThose who say that it is 3 times are fools and dont know anything about physics.
1150533
First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy can be changed from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed. \n\n"You can't win."  Because you can never get more energy than you start with.\n\nThe Second Law of Thermodynamics states that "in all energy exchanges, if no energy enters or leaves the system, the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial state." \n\n"You can't break even."  Because you lose potential energy.  It changes to heat.
569322
Use the ideal gas law \n\nPV/T = constant for the final and initial states.
104125
basically yes. you're talking about the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature(P,V and T).  Look into Boyle's law, Charles' Law and the ideal gas law.\nthen look into phase diagrams, which describe the pressure and temperature conditions under which solids, liquids and gases can exist.
791970
Use the Gay-Lussac gas law: V/T is constant. Note that T here is the temperature in Kelvin, not in Celsius. Luckily 27 C = 300 K