What limits the current on the wall side of a transformer.?
829247
One would think it is a dead short.  But since the wire is coiled up around a soft iron core it forms a good sized inductor.  Since the voltage applied is a sinusoid of 60 Hz, the inductor acts as an additional impedence to current.  So you have the resistance of the thin gage wire plus the impedence of the inductor to keep things from shorting out.\n\nIncidently, when the secondary side of the transformer is conducting current, the effect of the inductor on the primary side is reduced.  So more current flows in the primary side to provide the power required by the secondary side.
1026240
less than 0.3  for power sations\n0.5ohm for substation\n1 to 2 for homes
276822
I recently read about new power strips that cut even standby power to equipment that are plugged into them. For example, your computer and printer still draw a current even if shut off. this tricle can add up over the course of a year. These power strips cut off that tricle until the moment the unit is roused from standby.\n\nThis was in a pretty good article in this month's Kiplinger's Personal Finance magazine.
803633
It is a step down transformer.\nNs/Np = 6/220\nwhere Ns is the number of turns in the secondary and Np is the number of turns in the primary.
919217
Like everything else, it depends.  The concern is that at the maximum current you will draw, there is sufficient voltage at the point of use.  Voltage drop depends on the amount of current, and the resistance of the circuit.  \n\nYou can determine the minimum voltage requirements for whatever you are driving.  Knowing the resistance per foot of various sizes of wire, you could determine the size wire needed.\n\nNow it becomes a matter of economics.  Is larger wire less expensive than a transformer--or two if you are going to maintain the original equipment operating voltage.
87578
P = EI (Power equals voltage E times current I)\n\nMany electrical properties can be explained as analogous to water flow.  For example, a transformer "transforms" high voltage and low current into low voltage and high current, keeping the power constant (except for minor losses) at full load.\n\nThis would be equivalent to a high pressure water pump supplying low water flow to the primary winding and taking out high water flow at low pressure from the secondary winding to drive a low pressure water turbine.\n\nYou could represent the transformer core as a hollow square of wood or even thick cardboard.  On one side wrap say ten turns of thin clear plastic tube around the core to represent the primary (first) winding.  On the other side wrap say five turns of larger diameter plastic tube around the core to represent the secondary (second) winding.  Fill the primary tubing with water and red food coloring to represent "hot" high voltage and the secondary tubing with water and blue food coloring to represent "cooler" low voltage.\n\nThe explanation of course is that the high voltage primary winding will have more windings of thin tube (similar to more thinner copper wire windings) because the current will be less than in the secondary winding.\n\nThere will be less windings for the secondary coil using larger tubing because the current will be higher at low pressure.\n\nSupply the secondary tube with a shut off valve (or clip) to represent the fact that there will be no current unless the circuit is open.  In the formula, if current is zero power is also zero (on both sides of the transformer).\n\nYou can represent the pump and turbine with pictures (or drawings) of same but it would not be impossible to rig an actual pump and turbine, just not necessary to "see" what is happening.\n\nThe turbine can use up more and more power until the maximum power of the primary winding is reached but not more.  The magnet of the core will be "saturated at full power."\n\nThe rest is explaining magnetic flux in the core and how it is produced by the primary winding and cuts through the wires of the secondary to produce voltage and current if there is a load.  Each winding of a coil adds to the effect.  A transformer with equal primary and secondary windings would have the same voltage and current under load.  I believe that the phase would shift 180 degrees because of lead/lag.   Good luck.
834597
No \nThere are no optimal frequencies for a transformer.
52773
If you happen to turn on at peak voltage the voltage across the transformer or generator will be 1.4 times 115. This is your PEAK VOLTAGE. Consider the uncharged capcitor to be a direct short. The formula for the IMPEDANCE of your coil is: impedance = 2 times 3.1416 times 440 times 8.6 dived by 1000. Divide your PEAK VOLTAGE by the IMPEDANCE of your coil. This will give your MAXIMUM PEAK CURENT. The actual peak curent will be lower because of DC resistance in the coil, diodes, and transformer. You can measure this with an ohmeter.The DIODE RESISTANCE will be 2  times the forward resistance of one diode because in a full bridge the curent has to flow through 2 diodes. You probably can't get an accurate diode resistance because it is nonlinear and goes down with increased curent. Forget the diode resistance it is low anyway.  Add the TRANSFORMER RESISTANCE or GENERATOR RESISTANCE to the IMPEDANCE to this to get the TOTAL IMPEDANCE. Divide the PEAK VOLTAGE by the TOTAL IMPEDANCE to get the REAL WORLD PEAK CURENT. Parts are not perfect. Give a tolerance of two times in your specifications to avoid stressing them and use a heatsink on the diodes. I was going      to calculate this for you but the batteries in my calculator were dead.
1046550
Remember the equation v/i=r, Keep the voltage constant over all the areas. If the resistance goes up, then the current goes down.\nIf you have zero ohms, you have a short. IF you have infinite resistance, you have a break.  This seems general, but this is a great help for most of the electronics applications you will need. \nIf you want more you will need to give us more info.
437234
More than likely DC.  By using direct current you are always keeping one end the anode and the other the cathode, one side always is "giving" and the other end always "recieving."  DC systems have a tendancy to corrode one end and slowly eat away at it.
699167
1. when produced by a generator it is nearly 1\n2. but when it arrives at the use point it can drop to  0.5 if we have a lot of inductive load like motors, transformers etc\n3. In general the lower limit is 0.8 and the power supply companies charge you a penalty for dropping below 0.9 PF\n4, In order to improve your power factor you have to put in capacitor banks to offset the inductive load in your use area.
744305
Stray voltages/currents between grounded metal parts is caused by a difference in resistivity. Usually, it is because the ground rod has a greater resistivity than the metal parts connected to the water/drainage/gas system.\nAgain as has been said on other occasions in this forum, Ohm's Law comes into play..... Current is equal to voltage divided by resistance. So if there is a differing resistance between the two systems AND there is a low resistance path betweeen the electrical wiring and earth on an appliance, current will flow (continuously) to the frame of the appliance and to ground. So if current is flowing to ground and the appliance ground has a higher resistance to earth than the ground of the adjacent metal parts there will be a difference in potential between the two. This is often felt as a tingling sensation --- The reason why it doesn't trip the breaker is that the current flow is lower than the trip setting of the ELCB (earth leakage circuit breaker). It does not have anything to do with "Back EMF" back EMF is the voltage generated in a dc motor that limits the amount of current that can pass through the armature windings.......\n\nIf you have this problem, GET AN AUTHORIZED ELECTRICIAN TO INVESTIGATE AND CORRECT THE PROBLEM IMMEDIATELY. It certainly is a dangerous situation that can cause death.\n\nSource: Electrical Engineer (ret) with 45+ yrs experience.
892747
Yes. That is Ohm's law. It is a good approximation except for when large currents are involved.
364172
First of all, you cannot turn a 240 V, 200 A service into a 480 V, 200 A service with a simple 3 phase transformer. In a transformer, power out (roughly) equals power in. If you put 83 kW in, you can't get 166 kW out. You will have your electric company run a new 480 V service for you. From "your side" of the service, you will have to have a licensed, qualified electrician make sure that all breakers, wiring, fuses, and other components are rated for 600 volts, so you may not be able to use your existing breaker box, or even the wire feeding it. All of your existing wire to motors and other 240 / 480 VAC devices should be of ample ampacity, as a motor draws half of the current at 480 than at 240, but again, it may be wired with 300 V wire that does not have insulation rated for 480 V circuits. Another investment would likely be a step-down transformer for your electrical outlets. You won't be able to go phase to neutral anymore, as that would get you 277 VAC (in a 4-wire Y system). Make sure that your qualified electrician complies with all local codes, as well as the NEC. Good luck!
947411
Depending on the utility company, some use Dyn11 and others Dyn1 or some other vector group that is universal to their\nsystem.\n\nThe reason being is that  they can be interconnected with the low voltage side of another transformer that is connected to the same high voltage supply circuit.\nDyn 11 means that the vector group is at the 11 o'clock position. If for instance two transformers on the same high voltage line side had different vector groups say Dyn11 and Dyn 1 they would always be 30° out of phase, this would mean that should they be interconnected they would immediately trip the incoming CB/fuses.\n\nSource: Electrical Engineer (ret.) with 45yrs experience
929646
Depending on the output current you desire and what current the +24 VDC can supply a simple 3-terminal regulator like a 7812 should do the trick. It should be able to handle the 24 V input. You may need to add a 0.01µF Cap from Ground to the +5 VDC output to dampen any oscillations. There are usually a number of cookbook circuits in the data books. \n\nGood Luck!
1088792
Do you mean ac-dc adapters?\nif so, they transform the current, one to the other to allow different devices to work\nFor example, dc gives too strong power for delicate circuitry, so it must be converted to ac\n\nMore info:\n1)        How to find correct Voltage Converter ?\nTo determine the right voltage converter for your appliance, first find out the voltage (110 or 220 Volt AC) and wattage rating (watts or amps) information on the back or bottom of the appliance or from instruction book of an appliance. If no watts are shown and only amps are shown, multiply the volts (input AC) by the amps to find the watts.\nFor example,\n\nVolts(AC input) x Amps(amperage) = Watts (Wattage)\n110V x 0.5A = 55W\nNote: voltage converters or transformers do not change cycles (50Hz or 60Hz)\n\n(go to top)\n\n2)        What does voltage converter/ transformer mean?\nVoltage converters/transformers are used to convert electricity. North America and some other countries operate on 110V/120V AC 60Hz, while most of other countries operate on 220/240 volts AC 50Hz. Voltage transformers convert the power into different voltage, so your equipement can be powered at different countries without being demaged.\n\n(go to top)\n\n3)        What does "step-up/down transformer" mean?\nStep-up/Down transformers are used to convert electricity from 220V/240V AC to 110/120 V AC (step down) or 110V/120V AC to 220V/240V AC (Step-up). These type of transformers are grounded and with build-in fuses, which provides safety against electrical shock and demage.\n\n(go to top)\n\n4)        How do I figure out how many Watts voltage transformer do i need?\nYou need to check how many Watts your applience operates on (You can find this information on a label on the bottom or back of your equipement, or in the manual). If you can't find this information, you can try to find information on amperage (AMPS) of your appliance and multiply it by input voltage (110V or 220V) to arrive at the total wattage.\nVolts x Amps = Watts (i.e 110V x 0.5 AMPS = 55W). Please make sure not to run any applience with higher wattage then woltage transformer's wattage. This might demage both: your applience and the transformer! Heavy duty transformers/converters can be used continously at 17%-80% of their wattage capacity.\n\n(go to top)\n\n5)        Will my appliences from overseas work in U.S. and vice versa?\nYes, as long as you get one of our voltage transformers/converters. Consider buying a higher wattage transformer then the wattage rating of your applience. Please, refear to the question above to figure out what type of a converter do you need. Please remember that transformers don't convert cycles! Some cycle sensitive appliences (like microwaves, stereo turn tables and analog clocks may not operat properly. However, most modern electronic equipement is not affected by difference in cycles (computers, printers, mini systems).\n\n(go to top)\n\n6)        Can I use several appliences at once on the same voltage converter /transformer?\nYes, as long as total wattage of all your appliences does not exceed the wattage capacity of your transformer/converter. Try to set up your transformer to run at 80% of its wattage to avoid demaging your appliences by power flunctuations.\n\n(go to top)\n\n7)        What is the difference between AC/DC adapter?\nMost of the countries use alternating currents (AC). DC stands for direct currents. All appliences and voltage transformers run only on AC electricity.\n\n(go to top)\n\n8)        Does the plug shape make the difference, when using my appliences and voltage converter/transformer overseas?\nThere is no worldwide standards for the plug configuration. Plugs, plug shapes, electric outlets differ from country to country. For that reason you need to get a plug adapter, in order to plug your aplliance into foreign electric outlet. You still need a voltage converter, otherwise you might demage your applience or cause fire!\n\n(go to to