What would happen if the mitochondria of the eukaryotic cell ceased to produced ATP?
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Rigor mortis is the result of ATP no longer being synthesized by the cells. There are several possibilites that could interupt the cellular respiration pathway. For example:\n\n1) An anaerobic pathway, which leads to fermentation will produce ATP for a short period. However, after a period without oxygen, lactic acid will start to build up.\n\n2) Mitochondrial Cytopathies include more than 40 types of different diseases, usually as a result of genetic mutation. Early signs & symptoms are a lack of growth, lack of energy, and neurological disorders.\n\nUltimately, without the pathway that produces ATP, the body can't survive.
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From respiration: Here, glucose molecules in the cell are broken down; the molecules have strong bond between them and so when they are broken, energy is provided(by mitochondria) and when new molecules are formed, energy is released, which the cell uses for various processes.\n\nFrom protein synthesis: It occurs on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, and aminoacids are combined to form proteins and this releases energy.\n\nFrom ATP(adenosine tri-phosphate): The ATP molecule is a packet of energy which stores the energy released during any process going on in the cell and then releases the energy as and when required by the cell.
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thats a pretty loaded question there...the best I can summarize is:\nglycolysis:\nglucose + 2ATP + 2NAD+ +4ADP + 2Pi= 2 pyruvate + 2 ADP + 2 NADH + 2H+ + 2ATP + 2H20\nthis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell\n\nKreb's/TCA/Citric Acid Cycle:\n3 NADH + FADH2 + 2CO2 for each turn of the cycle\nthis happens in the mitochondria\n\nETC:\nhappens in the mitochondrial matrix but is hard to explain without diagrams...basically you get +2.5ATP for each NADH that goes through and +1.5 ATP for each FADH2 that goes through
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I think you answered your own question.\n\nHydrogen atoms will bond then detach when ADP is formed.  It has to do with the valence electrons and the bonds created.  \n\nThe two outermost phosphates in ATP are held to the rest of the molecule by high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds and are readily transferred. Water can be added to ATP to form ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This hydrolysis of the terminal phosphate of ATP yields between 11 and 13 kcal/mole of usable energy, depending on the intracellular conditions. The large negative delta G of this reaction arises from a number of factors. Release of the terminal phosphate group removes an unfavorable repulsion between adjacent negative charges; in addition, the inorganic phosphate ion (Pi) released is stabilized by resonance and by favorable hydrogen-bond formation with water. The formation of ATP from ADP and Pi reverses the hydrolysis reaction, and it requires a coupling of this energetically unfavorable reaction to an even more favorable one.
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I guess a default answer would be cellular respiration
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The importance of ATP centers on the storage of about 7 kcal/mole of energy in the phosphorus-oxygen bond between the first and second phosphate group. The relationship of energy and the formation and hydrolysis of ATP is illustrated in the following equations: P = PO4-3; ADP = adenine diphosphate.\n\na) Hydrolysis: ATP + H2O --> ADP + P + energy \n\nb) Formation: ADP + P + energy --> ATP + H2O \n\n\nUnder certain conditions ATP may be hydrolyzed directly to AMP (adenine monophosphate).\n\nATP + H2O --> AMP + PP + energy\n\nThere are other metabolic phosphate molecules which store or give off energy as needed. One further example is the hydrolysis of creatine phosphate in muscle cells which also releases energy.
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i would think the mitochondria since ldh is essential in converting lactate to pyruvate which primarily accounts for atp synthesis in an anaerobic setting and mitochondria are the atp producers in the cell?
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The ER is needed in eukarytoic cells because they generally metabolize through cellular respiration or photosynthesis which require larger molecules to be transported to specific organelles (chloroplast and mitochondria) but prokaryots often use anaerobic methods such as fermentation and other glycolysis based which can be done in the cytosol (cytoplasm) and do not require transportion to specific oraganelles (which defeats the need for the endoplasmic reticulum)
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That would be the mitochondria. The energy store of the human body. \n\nLearn how to spell ORGANELLE!!!!
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I know the answer. The total quantity of ATP in the human body is about 0.1 mole. The energy used by human cells requires the hydrolysis of 200 to 300 moles of ATP daily. This means that each ATP molecule is recycled 2000 to 3000 times during a single day. ATP cannot be stored, hence its consumption must closely follow its synthesis. On a per-hour basis, 1 kilogram of ATP is created, processed and then recycled in the body.
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The main mechanism of energy production in the body is through the formation and oxidation of adenosine triphosphate, ATP.  Cells convert carbohydrates (which we eat) into ATP, and then oxidize the molecules later to access the energy in their chemical bonds.
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in cellular respiration, hydrogen ions build up in the intremembrane space of the mitochondria
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You can have anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration. The ultimate result is ATP. Anaerobic is done without oxygen (fermentation) and aerobic is done with oxygen,\n\nit starts with glycolosis which takes place in the cytoplasm. Glucose is turned into two pyruvates through a 10 reaction process meditated my enzymes. you produce one ATP and one NADH\n\nthen the pyruvates go into Krebs Cycle or the TriCarboxylic Acid Cycle and goes into the mitochondria. The pyruvate must be converted to acetyl Coenzyme A. then the acetyl Co A enters Krebs and continuously generates Oxaloacetate among other enery-rich compounds such as ATP, NADH and FADH2 with CO2\n\nthen final process is in the electron transport chain which takes place in the inner membrane if the mitochondria. In this process lots of H+ is pumped out of the membrane, which means that H+ is accumalated outside the inner matrix. then the concentration gradient causes a sudden influx of H+ back into the inner membrane which creates "proton-motive force" which zaps ADP+Pi= ATP. \n\nthe end result is 38 ATP for regular cells or 36 ATP for muscles and brain cells.\n\nOXYGEN IS REQUIRED!!! \n\nhope that helps\n\n*oh and ATP is a form of energy for the cell...
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ATP is formed by adding a phosphate group to ADP along with some energy. The process by which ATP is generated from ADP is called phosphorylation.  There are three types of phosphorylations: substrate-level, oxidative phosphorylation, and photophosporylation. \n\nEnergy stored in ATP is used in nearly all of the endergonic reactions in cells. ATP is often reffered to as the energy currency of the cell.
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What's your question about it?\n\nThis is the mechanism by which ATP is produced in bacteria, mitochondria and chlorplasts.  Energy for the formation of ATP (by the enzyme ATP synthase) is provided by a proton charge and concentration gradient across a membrane (inner mitochondrial membrane or thylakoid membrane, or plasma membrane in bacteria).  What else would you like to know?
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Aerobic respiration requires oxygen in order to generate energy. It is the preferred method of pyruvate breakdown from glycolysis and requires that pyruvate enter the mitochondrion to be fully oxidized by the Krebs cycle. The product of this process is energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate), by substrate-level phosphorylation, NADH and FADH2. The reducing potential of NADH and FADH2 is converted to more ATP via an electron transport chain with oxygen as the "terminal electron acceptor". Most of the ATP produced by cellular respiration is by oxidative phosphorylation, ATP molecules are made due to the chemiosmotic potential driving ATP synthase. Respiration is the process by which cells obtain energy when oxygen is present in the cell.\n\nTheoretically, 36 ATP molecules can be made per glucose during cellular respiration, however, such conditions are generally not realized due to such losses as the cost of moving pyruvate into mitochondria. Aerobic metabolism is rather more efficient than anaerobic metabolism. They share the initial pathway of glycolysis but aerobic metabolism continues with the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The post glycolytic reactions take place in the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells, and at the cell membrane in prokaryotic cells.\n\nGlycolysis\nMain article: Glycolysis \nGlycolysis is a metabolic pathway that is found in all living organisms and does not require oxygen. The process converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, and makes energy in the form of two net molecules of ATP. Four molecules of ATP per glucose are actually produced but two are consumed for the preparatory phase. The initial phosphorylation of glucose is required to destablise the molecule for cleavage into two triose sugars. During the pay-off phase of glycolysis four phosphate groups are transfered to ADP by substrate-level phosphorylation to make four ATP and two NADH are produced when the triose sugars are oxidised. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. The overall reaction can be expressed this way:\n\nGlucose + 2 ATP + 2 NAD+ + 2 Pi + 4 ADP → 2 pyruvate + 2 ADP + 2 NADH + 4 ATP + 2 H2O + 4 H+ \n\nOxidative decarboxylation\nMain article: Oxidative decarboxylation \nProduces acetyl-CoA from pyruvate. This oxidation reaction also releases carbon dioxide as a product.\n\nKrebs cycle/Citric Acid cycle\nMain article: Citric acid cycle \nWhen oxygen is present, acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, and gets oxidised to CO2 while at the same time reducing NAD to NADH. NADH can be used by the electron transport chain to create further ATP as part of oxidative phosphorylation. To fully oxidise the equivalent of one glucose molecule two acetyl-CoA must be metabolised by the Krebs cycle. Two waste products, H2O and CO2 are created during this cycle, .\n\nOxidative phosphorylation\nMain articles: Oxidative phosphorylation , Electron transport chain , Electrochemical gradient, and ATP synthase\n\nIn eukaryotes, oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria. It comprises of the electron transport chain that establishes a proton gradient (chemiosmotic potential) across the inner membrane by oxidising the NADH produced from the Krebs cycle. ATP is synthesised by the ATP synthase enzyme when the chemiosmotic gradient is used to drive the phosphorylation of ADP.\n\nTheoretical yields\nThe yields in the table below are for one glucose and molecule being fully oxidised to carbon dioxide. It is assumed that all the reduced coenzymes are oxidised by the electron transport chain and used for oxidative phosphorylation.
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well, cells would not replicate and eventually everything would die.