Can someone explain to me how at least 2 organ systems are affected by increased physical activity!?
818809
1. respiratory system, lung - there will be more frequent relaxation and contraction that may be a burden to the lung\n\n2. muscular/muscles, there will be a lactic acid production as a result of strenuous muscular activity (shortage of O2)
142734
Generally, the Sympathetic pathways of the Autonomic Nervous System are sympathetic to the body's needs at times of 'stress'.\nSo for example, the increase in carbon dioxide levels as exercise begins is the stimulus to ...
960201
As our bodies perform strenuous exercise, we begin to breathe faster as we attempt to shuttle more oxygen to our working muscles. The body prefers to generate most of its energy using aerobic methods, meaning with oxygen. Some circumstances, however, --such as evading the historical saber tooth tiger or lifting heavy weights--require energy production faster than our bodies can adequately deliver oxygen. In those cases, the working muscles generate energy anaerobically. This energy comes from glucose through a process called glycolysis, in which glucose is broken down or metabolized into a substance called pyruvate through a series of steps. When the body has plenty of oxygen, pyruvate is shuttled to an aerobic pathway to be further broken down for more energy. But when oxygen is limited, the body temporarily converts pyruvate into a substance called lactate, which allows glucose breakdown--and thus energy production--to continue. The working muscle cells can continue this type of anaerobic energy production at high rates for one to three minutes, during which time lactate can accumulate to high levels.\n\nA side effect of high lactate levels is an increase in the acidity of the muscle cells, along with disruptions of other metabolites. The same metabolic pathways that permit the breakdown of glucose to energy perform poorly in this acidic environment. On the surface, it seems counterproductive that a working muscle would produce something that would slow its capacity for more work. In reality, this is a natural defense mechanism for the body; it prevents permanent damage during extreme exertion by slowing the key systems needed to maintain muscle contraction. Once the body slows down, oxygen becomes available and lactate reverts back to pyruvate, allowing continued aerobic metabolism and energy for the body’s recovery from the strenuous event.\n\nContrary to popular opinion, lactate or, as it is often called, lactic acid buildup is not responsible for the muscle soreness felt in the days following strenuous exercise. Rather, the production of lactate and other metabolites during extreme exertion results in the burning sensation often felt in active muscles, though which exact metabolites are involved remains unclear. This often painful sensation also gets us to stop overworking the body, thus forcing a recovery period in which the body clears the lactate and other metabolites.\n\nResearchers who have examined lactate levels right after exercise found little correlation with the level of muscle soreness felt a few days later. This delayed-onset muscle soreness, or DOMS as it is called by exercise physiologists, is characterized by sometimes severe muscle tenderness as well as loss of strength and range of motion, usually reaching a peak 24 to 72 hours after the extreme exercise event.\n\nThough the precise cause of DOMS is still unknown, most research points to actual muscle cell damage and an elevated release of various metabolites into the tissue surrounding the muscle cells. These responses to extreme exercise result in an inflammatory-repair response, leading to swelling and soreness that peaks a day or two after the event and resolves a few days later, depending on the severity of the damage. In fact, the type of muscle contraction appears to be a key factor in the development of DOMS. When a muscle lengthens against a load--imagine your flexed arms attempting to catch a thousand pound weight--the muscle contraction is said to be eccentric. In other words, the muscle is actively contracting, attempting to shorten its length, but it is failing. These eccentric contractions have been shown to result in more muscle cell damage than is seen with typical concentric contractions, in which a muscle successfully shortens during contraction against a load. Thus, exercises that involve many eccentric contractions, such as downhill running, will result in the most severe DOMS, even without any noticeable burning sensations in the
971437
excercise increases our heart rate, when we excercise our body needs to supply more oxgen, and energy to parts of the body. Blood carries this oxygen, and energy, and the heart pumps the blood.
56255
exercise physiology principle relate to how the body responds to different types of exercise related principles; such as resistance (strength) training, endurance(cardiovascular) training, and range of motion (flexibility), in other words how does the body respond in regards to these types of training. Some examples are hypertrophy (increased muscle size) with resistance exercise, increased oxygen utilization by tissues such as muscle and increased cardiac output with endurance exercise, and permanent elastic changes with flexibility exercises. \n\nHope this helps!
654478
FAT AND MUSCLE CELLS VARY IN COMPOSITION, AND 1 DOES NOT CONVERT TO THE OTHER. YOU CAN GET INCREASED BODY FAT AND DECREASED MUSCLE MASS IF YOU DONT EXERCISE LIKE YOU SHOULD.
659493
body needs more oxygen(in blood) to provide energy for the excercise, excitement etc.
759020
It is a part of stress response. your body diverts blood flow to the brain/musculoskeletal syatems for "fight or flight". The body's digestive, elimination and reproductive systems are a low priority for stimulation/metabolic activity because the body is focused on survival.
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It's not always so... It depends on a number of things: which part of the body you are talking about, the natural assymetry of the body etc.\n\nFor instance if you use one hand more than the other (like a tennis player might), the muscles would tend to increase in size as a result of the increased activity...\n\nIn addition, the human body is not perfectly symmetrical in anybody.
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Smoking affects the respiratory system by coating the insideof the lungs with nicotine which decreases the ability of the aveoli to move air. That's why smokers don't have very good stamina for sports. \n\nIt affects the circulatory system by constricting blood vessels. This increases the rate that your heart has to work (blood pressure goes up, etc.)
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simply NO.\nIt does not make any sense and it is very unscientific.\nWhile physical excercise can bring some influece cell functions or its physiology, controlling abnormal growth of cell number i.e: cancer by a yoga or mental excercise is a non-sense.
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Hormonal activity is usually a negative feed back mechanism. You would think exercise would feed forward, though, as the rate would keep increasing. Not my area, though, so a functional biologist is needed here.
217582
Exercise is so important to health because it keeps your heart in shape, and unless you're looking for a heart attack at 30, clogged arteries [sic] and what not. I recommend exercise :)
122443
Yes, absolutely. Of course the heart rate increases during exercise and one of the long-term benefits of exercise is that the resting heart rate becomes lower. \nAge also has an effect. Infants and children have higher heart rates than adults.
237002
When you eat, the digestive system breaks down food & its nutrients into forms that can be absorbed by the bloodstream; blood flows to skeletal muscles as you move them (skeletal muscles are attached to bones - these are the muscles that are controlled by the voluntary movements you make - like walking, running, clicking the mouse button, etc.). The bloodstream takes oxygen & nutrients to the muscles. \nSo, the nutrients that end up going to your muscles are dependent on what foods your eating.
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Exercise and diet have a major impact.
1026265
you'll get the same results.....the whole point is to get your heart rate elevated for a long time...doesn't matter if you swim/run/jump/workout....=]