what is a protocol? Whats the difference between TCP and IP?
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On the Internet "protocol" usually refers to a set of rules that define an exact format for communication between systems. For example the HTTP protocol defines the format for communication between web browsers and web servers, the IMAP protocol defines the format for communication between IMAP email servers and clients, and the SSL protocol defines a format for encrypted communications over the Internet.\n\nThe difference between TCP and IP is that TCP is responsible for the data delivery of a packet and IP is responsible for the logical addressing. In other words, IP obtains the address and TCP guarantees delivery of data to that address.
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TCP - Abbreviation of Transmission Control Protocol, and pronounced as separate letters. TCP is one of the main protocols in TCP/IP networks. Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets, TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams of data. TCP guarantees delivery of data and also guarantees that packets will be delivered in the same order in which they were sent. \n\n\nPort -   \n  \n(n.) (1) An interface on a computer to which you can connect a device. Personal computers have various types of ports. Internally, there are several ports for connecting disk drives, display screens, and keyboards. Externally, personal computers have ports for connecting modems, printers, mice, and other peripheral devices. \nAlmost all personal computers come with a serial RS-232C port or RS-422 port for connecting a modem or mouse and a parallel port for connecting a printer. On PCs, the parallel port is a Centronics interface that uses a 25-pin connector. SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) ports support higher transmission speeds than do conventional ports and enable you to attach up to seven devices to the same port. \n\n(2) In TCP/IP and UDP networks, an endpoint to a logical connection. The port number identifies what type of port it is. For example, port 80 is used for HTTP traffic. Also see Well-Known TCP Port Numbers in the Quick Reference section of Webopedia.\n\n(v.) To move a program from one type of computer to another. To port an application, you need to rewrite sections that are machine dependent, and then recompile the program on the new computer. Programs that can be ported easily are said to be portable.
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(Internet Protocol address) is a unique number that devices use in order to identify and communicate with each other on a computer network utilizing the Internet Protocol standard (IP). \nAny participating network device — including routers, computers, time-servers, printers, Internet fax machines, and some telephones — must have its own unique address. \n\nAn IP address can also be thought of as the equivalent of a street address or a phone number (compare: VoIP) for a computer or other network device on the internet. Just as each street address and phone number uniquely identifies a building or telephone, an IP address can uniquely identify a specific computer or other network device on a network. \n\n\nTo find out what is your IP address go to this site\nhttp://www.whatmyipaddress.net/What_is_my_IP_address.php
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plain and simply put, a server is the computer which directs network traffic (ie. permits or denies), it provides services to clients (ie. print, DHCP, DNS, File Sharing, Storage, and many more). A client is ANY machine that utilizes said services from a Server, being this is true, at times if a server is using services from another server, then the one server is in effect a client.
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A hub connects computers, but sends all traffic to all ports which results in network collisions.  \n\nA switch is like a hub, but smarter.  It keeps track of which computer asks for which piece of data and has far less collisions, if any.  Switches that are for home users are only slightly more expensive than hubs.\n\nA router is like a switch, but also can assign ip addresses, forward network traffic coming in on a certain port to a certain ip address, block certain ports, etc.  \n\nA network bridge merges, for lack of a better word, two network connections on a computer.  Honestly I haven't ever needed a network bridge so I can't say much about them.
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Its a set of rules.Like u hav the IP protocol that specifies the format in the internet layer
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First you need to know th differnce. To understand the difference between a router and a switch you need to understand the ISO model.\n\nISO/OSI Network Model\nThe standard model for networking protocols and distributed applications is the International Standard Organization's Open System Interconnect (ISO/OSI) model. It defines seven network layers. \n\nLayer 1 - Physical \nPhysical layer defines the cable or physical medium itself, e.g., thinnet, thicknet, unshielded twisted pairs (UTP). All media are functionally equivalent. The main difference is in convenience and cost of installation and maintenance. Converters from one media to another operate at this level. \n\nLayer 2 - Data Link \nData Link layer defines the format of data on the network. A network data frame, aka packet, includes checksum, source and destination address, and data. The largest packet that can be sent through a data link layer defines the Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU). The data link layer handles the physical and logical connections to the packet's destination, using a network interface. A host connected to an Ethernet would have an Ethernet interface to handle connections to the outside world, and a loopback interface to send packets to itself. \n\nEthernet addresses a host using a unique, 48-bit address called its Ethernet address or Media Access Control (MAC) address. MAC addresses are usually represented as six colon-separated pairs of hex digits, e.g., 8:0:20:11:ac:85. This number is unique and is associated with a particular Ethernet device. Hosts with multiple network interfaces should use the same MAC address on each. The data link layer's protocol-specific header specifies the MAC address of the packet's source and destination. When a packet is sent to all hosts (broadcast), a special MAC address (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff) is used. \n\nLayer 3 - Network \nNFS uses Internetwork Protocol (IP) as its network layer interface. IP is responsible for routing, directing datagrams from one network to another. The network layer may have to break large datagrams, larger than MTU, into smaller packets and host receiving the packet will have to reassemble the fragmented datagram. The Internetwork Protocol identifies each host with a 32-bit IP address. IP addresses are written as four dot-separated decimal numbers between 0 and 255, e.g., 129.79.16.40. The leading 1-3 bytes of the IP identify the network and the remaining bytes identifies the host on that network. The network portion of the IP is assigned by InterNIC Registration Services, under the contract to the National Science Foundation, and the host portion of the IP is assigned by the local network administrators, locally by noc@indiana.edu. For large sites, usually subnetted like ours, the first two bytes represents the network portion of the IP, and the third and fourth bytes identify the subnet and host respectively. \n\nEven though IP packets are addressed using IP addresses, hardware addresses must be used to actually transport data from one host to another. The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is used to map the IP address to it hardware address. \n\nLayer 4 - Transport \nTransport layer subdivides user-buffer into network-buffer sized datagrams and enforces desired transmission control. Two transport protocols, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP), sits at the transport layer. Reliability and speed are the primary difference between these two protocols. TCP establishes connections between two hosts on the network through 'sockets' which are determined by the IP address and port number. TCP keeps track of the packet delivery order and the packets that must be resent. Maintaining this information for each connection makes TCP a stateful protocol. UDP on the other hand provides a low overhead transmission service, but with less error checking. NFS is built on top of UDP because of its speed and statelessness. Statelessness simplifies the crash
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TCP OPERAThttp://www.dcs.gla.ac.uk/~lewis/networkpages/m07s03TCPoperation.htm
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Kindly go through Tennanbaum Networking book, they ask most questions from it.\n\nSome of the ques i know are:\n1.7 layers of the network\n2.TCPIP protocol\n3.cables,fibres,etc\n4.encryption and cryptography\nand other topics in the above book
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Internet is a network of inter-connected computers with different Operating Systems and protocols working on different networks.\nTo connect all the networks we need a gateway which convert one protocol data to different so all networks can connect.
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I'm not sure about websites, but this book is AWESOME:\n\n"Practical TCP/IP: Designing, Using, and Troubleshooting TCP/IP Networks on Linux and Windows"\n\nI highly recommend it for the absolute beginner and networking-veterans. It describes *everything* in great detail, including troubleshooting tips and tools. It has screenshots and sample outputs for both Unix and Windows network tools and tons of insights from the author who's job was to troubleshoot and fix simple and complex networks.\n\nThe best part is, he teaches by example. You set up little networks and slowly grow their features and nodes.
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The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is a signalling protocol used for establishing sessions in an IP network. A session could be a simple two-way telephone call or it could be a collaborative multi-media conference session. The ability to establish these sessions means that a host of innovative services become possible, such as voice-enriched e-commerce, web page click-to-dial, Instant Messaging with buddy lists, and IP Centrex services\nSIP is a request-response protocol that closely resembles two other Internet protocols, HTTP and SMTP (the protocols that power the world wide web and email); consequently, SIP sits comfortably alongside Internet applications. Using SIP, telephony becomes another web application and integrates easily into other Internet services. SIP is a simple toolkit that service providers can use to build converged voice and multimedia services.\n\nIn order to provide telephony services there is a need for a number of different standards and protocols to come together - specifically to ensure transport (RTP), to authenticate users (RADIUS, DIAMETER), to provide directories (LDAP), to be able to guarantee voice quality (RSVP, YESSIR) and to inter-work with today's telephone network.
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Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet\n\nDynamic Host Configuration Protocol\n\nand \n\nAsynchronous Transfer Mode
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An IP is an unique address of a device in the Internet. As long as the device hold that IP address,then it will be recogized in the net. Your wireless connection ( either phone or laptop) which connects you  to a Telcom  tower in your area as you travel, and this connection will be automatically  handed over to the new tower as you enter a new cell or area, without being disconnected. other wise your distance with communicatin tower will increase constanly as you travel and finally will be lost. This is just a  signal handeling between your internet provider and your laptop ad you travel and shouldn't effect your IP address .
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Networking in Java is fairly simple. It has a lot of features through which one can implement application level networking. Java has specialised classes for Socket Programming, and many standard protocols (esp. TCP/IP suite, UDP etc. are well supported). IO streaming classes are also an integral part of the Java networking domain.
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You don't need instructions for TCP/IP. TCP/IP is the communication method your computer uses to talk on the Internet. Don't mess with it at all.
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The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) standard designed to reduce the administration burden and complexity of configuring hosts on a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)-based network, such as a private intranet.\n\nBy using DHCP server computers to centrally manage IP addresses and other related configuration parameters, using DHCP client computers to request and accept TCP/IP configuration information from DHCP servers, and using DHCP relay agents to pass information between DHCP clients and servers, the process of configuring TCP/IP on DHCP clients is automatic.\n\nRefer http://www.microsoft.com/technet/itsolutions/network/dhcp/default.mspx for details.