can i get information about synthesis of carotinoids with more than 40 carbons?
606243
seriously, anybody who needs to know this shold know how to search the chemical literature. Go to Chemical Abstracts. Talk to your librarian.
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This site is a good resource for chemical structures and their properties.\nhttp://www.chemicalland21.com/\n\nSpecifically for Sodium erythorbate:\nhttp://www.chemicalland21.com/lifescience/foco/SODIUM%20ERYTHORBATE.htm
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I'm not sure maybe the link will help.\n\nhttp://www.chemicalforums.com/
1053722
Here's are a few:\nhttp://www.science-house.org/learn/CountertopChem/exp25.html\nhttp://www.chymist.com/copper%20silver%20gold%20expl.pdf\nhttp://chemlearn.chem.indiana.edu/demos/15-7%20TheGold1.htm
194284
To solve this problem we need to think about limiting reactants.  This one is fairly simple because I already have moles and the ratio is 1:1:1.  If I only have 3 kmols of C, that is the most I can make, because going beyond that, I would be out of C.  Thus, I can only make 3kmols of CO2 with 2 kmols of O2 left unreacted.  These amounts are theoretically find for a combustion reaction.
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FOR ORGANIC CHEMISTS:\nPure Synthetics' unusual \nsynthetic method for MCP\nEssentials of new method posted: \nI just did this in LAB maple-flavoring chemical variously called MCP, Cyclotene (an old Dow trade name) or methyl cyclopentenolone (formal name: 3-methylcyclopent-2-en-2-ol-1-one). Its animated structure given on the left shows it to be a mixture of tautomers of 3-methyl-1,2-cyclopentanedione. In the solid state, it exists completely as the 2-en-2-ol-1-one, the most stable enol, and is colorless. Solutions in water or other protic solvents become yellowed after a short time as an equilibrium mixture forms between the enol forms (colorless) and the diketo form (yellowish). The enol tautomers are relatively stable because dipolar repulsion of the small-ring 1,2-diketone is relieved when the molecule enolizes.\n\nMCP occurs naturally in coffee, cocoa, and fenugreek after the roasting process. Also it is the principal maple flavoring in natural maple syrups being formed when the maple tree sap is concentrated. The rules of the FDA require that syrups with imitation-maple flavoring not contain the word "maple" in their names: Log Cabin, Mrs. Butterworth's, etc. However, every one of these syrups do contain MCP either from added MCP or some other flavor ingredient like roasted fenugreek which contains MCP. Pure MCP has a sweet maple or licorice taste and possesses flavor-enhancing properties. I always thought that a chocolate milk shake with a dash of MCP had a wonderfully rich taste. It is used in food products at the rate of about 10 parts/million. \n\nFor much of the time between 1974 and 1990, with its plant in Paterson, NJ, Pure Synthetics, Inc. was the only domestic prime manufacturer of this pure flavor chemical. Its product was acclaimed for its high purity---achieved by a simple but imaginative new distillation method developed at Pure Synthetics ( See our NEW PURIFICATION for volatile solids.\n\nPure Synthetics' method follows: \n   \n  \n  \n \n\n   \n     \n\n \n   \n    \n    \n \n\n\nPlease note that in this discussion of the details of this process, I will omit the exact weights and volumes in most cases. I will try to fill these in as soon as I can:\n\nContribution from the R&D Laboratory of Pure Synthetics, Inc. (corporation of New Jersey now dissolved) \n"A New Method to Prepare 3-Methylcyclopent-2-en-2-ol-1-one Commercially" \nBy J. S. Paul Schwarz & Helen K. Schwarz (deceased) \n\nDisclaimer: The procedures described below, while detailed in many ways, are still incomplete. I hope to give more details as time goes on until there will be detailed directions of these processes. However, be advised that I give this and subsequent information at no charge with no warranties expressed nor implied that this procedure will either work or be safe since I have no control over who might be trying to use the method nor over the quality of the chemicals that might be employed. The user is responsible for determining the fitness and safety of the method in his or her own particular case. \n\nIt would be well to send an e-mail to me (organichem@aol.com) if you plan to actually pursue any of these ideas, for then I can alert you to future updates of this page like the warning I put up on Nov 30, 1998 about the mysterious flammable waste gas generated in the first reaction. \n\n\n1 - The double Claisen condensation of diethyl oxalate with dimethyl glutarate was already known early in the 20th century. Because this product (isolated as the disodium salt) was so impure, we did not try to alkylate it directly. Parenthetically, the disodium salt is insoluble in every solvent we tried with the exception of water. The usual practice described in the old German literature was to dissolve the disodium salt of the condensation product in water and to acidify the resulting solution to give the desired 3,5-dicarboalkoxy-1,2-cyclopentanedione (top, right-hand structure). I give it the ambiguous ester
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http://www.chemexinter.com/ for the website.\n\nHope that helps!
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_chemistry
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http://www.chem1.com/acad/webtext/elchem/ec2.html#DESC\n\nhttp://www.chem1.com/acad/webtext/elchem/\n\nAnd many more by a google search
447545
Polution.And carondioxide
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Key points to look for include:\n\nInfrared\n-NO2 bonds: 1515-1560, 1345-1385\nAlkenes: C-H: 3020-3080 (moderate), 675-1000\n         C=C: 1640-1680(variable) \nIf wet: Large OH hump in the 3500 area... should obliterate most other peaks in the area.\n\nI am not as up to scratch with NMR.\n\nThis is a common compound and an IR and NMR spectra should be easily found on the internet. I recommend chaecking them carefully as jus tlooking for the peaks above will probably not be highly useful.\n\nEven better than the internet is a resource book, any laboratory or university library should have such resource books.\n\nPersonally I recommend that if you are doing much organic chemistry to get 'Organic CHemistry' by Morrison R.T. and Boyd R.N., published by Prentice Hall.\nThis book has an excellent guide for spectra.
598319
http://www.sbuniv.edu/~ggray/CHE3345/chp14.html\nhttp://web.odu.edu/sci/tisenhou/chem321/chap12/index.htm\n\nbest luck
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It's a trivial synthesis. You brominate the ring with Br2/FeBr3 (as a catalyst). Then add Magesnium to get a grignard reagent.\n\nYou react the grignard reagent (2 equivalents) to get diphenyl methanol. I'd convert the methanol into an alkyl bromide with PBr3. Then you react that molecule with benzene in a aluminium chloride catalyst, with a Friedel Craft Alkylation (the worst step, as you'll get multiple addition products. Benzene should be in excess to minimize this effect.)
746405
Oleic acid ((Z)-9-octadecenoic acid) + Br2 ---> 9,10-dibromooctadecanoic acid \n\nOr: \n\nC18H34O2 + Br2 ----> C18H34O2Br2
96717
See link\n\nhttp://chemistry.about.com/cs/howtos/ht/buildavolcano.htm
746248
I recommend the following link:\nhttp://www.amazon.com/Phytochemical-Methods-Modern-Techniques-Analysis/dp/0412343304\n\nYou will need to purchase a lab guide or consult with a Life Sciences Dept. for further assistance
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See if this article has a diagram\n\nhttp://jchemed.chem.wisc.edu/Journal/Issues/1999/Apr/abs542.html