Explain the chemical basis of gram-stain technique.?
595423
there r 2 kinds of gram-stain..positive n negative...use 2 kinds of reaction..the first is iodium n use alcohol as the cleaner..n the positive gram will keep the color of iodium so it will stay b purple...n use the second reaction which is safranin or methylene blue then the negative gram will be red or blue...
516829
Preparative HPLC should do the trick.  Try a search at these to see if an exact procedure might be on the web.\n\n\nhttp://www.scienceresearch.com/search/\n\nhttp://www.scirus.com/srsapp/
472133
I dont know if this will help but here is a web site I found!\n\nhttp://www.biochemj.org/bj/119/0017/1190017.pdf
137003
Some unstained cell structures are hard to tell from other similar cell parts unless you ues a differential stain.\nA differential stain can be made in 2 steps.\nFirst step blue, stains one part\nSecond step red, stains the other.\nThis can also be helpful if a suspect bacteria does or does not take up a stain. This can help to identify a bacteria.\nMedical clinics do this all the time in cbc's (complete blood count), and throat smear analysis.
1062016
A definitive diagnosis requires demonstration or isolation of the organisms responsible for the infection. Direct Gram stain may be helpful because of the frequently unique morphology of Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli. In general, these organisms are pale staining and they may stain erratically. Fusobacterium cells may exhibit classic tapered ends and filamentous forms, with or without swollen areas and large round bodies. Direct gas-liquid chromatography of clinical specimens occasionally provides important clues to the presence of certain Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli. A large amount of butyric acid in the absence of isobutyric or isovaleric acid indicates the presence of Fusobacterium. The presence of succinic acid and only Gram-negative rods seen on Gram stain, or of both succinic and isobutyric acid in the specimen, indicates that Bacteroides is present. Both direct and indirect fluorescent antibody techniques may be useful for rapid detection of Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Fusobacterium in clinical material.
844758
Using the Michaelis-Menten equation.\n\nMore details on teh attached link\n\nhttp://www.le.ac.uk/by/teach/biochemweb/tutorials/michment2print.html\n\nGood luck
593465
Probably insoluble detergents and inert ingredients.  It is impossible to tell without the exact ingredients which the manufacturers would not give.  My answer is based on the MSDS information.
1185296
Oil immersion objective has got magnification of 100X and used for observing slide which are Gram Stained.  Gram staining is nothing but a technique of staining bacteria to confirm their Gram Nature i.e. Gram positive or Gram Negative\n\nhttp://biology.clc.uc.edu/fankhauser/Labs/Microscope/Oil_Immersion.htm\n\nhttp://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/indexmag.html?http://www.microscopy-uk.org.uk/mag/artmar02/pjoil.html
1148353
This quote should help, even though it is about biology generally, not botany specifically ......\n\nThe microscope is one of the most important tools used in studying bacteria. Dyeing or staining bacterial specimens or cultures was introduced in 1871 by the German pathologist Karl Weigert and has greatly helped the bacteriologist in identifying and observing bacteria under the microscope. A bacterial specimen is first placed on a glass slide. After the specimen has dried, it is stained to render the organism easier to observe. Stains also stimulate reactions in certain bacteria. For example, the tuberculosis bacillus can be recognized only on the basis of its reaction to certain stains (see Gram's Stain). Bacteriologists have been greatly aided by the electron microscope, which has far greater magnification powers than ordinary microscopes.\n\nI hope these links help.
393312
http://www.chembio.uoguelph.ca/educmat/Chm258/enzplots.htm\n\nsee if that site helps any.  If not.  I can give you a very confused book answer from my Biochemical Calculations text.  It might be hard to explain online though, sorry.  The text I use (as a graduate student--biotechnology) is Biochemical Calculation 2nd Ed. by Irwin H. Segel, it's a great book.
174409
Stains do mnay things. Sometimes as in a gram stain they help differentiate between types of cells. In a Gram stain you use mutiple steps with different dyes in order to tell a gram + bacteria from a gram - bacteria.\n\nIn other uses, it will stain a cell membrane, or perhaps cellulose, or starch granuoles. There is a specific stain for different tissue types. For nerve cells you would use a different stain than you would on skin cells., etc.\n\nSome stains are diagnostic as in Grams Stain and Lugol's solution. Other stains are for visual definition only.\n\nStains are a tool to help make the job of cell study easier and more reliable.
989710
1. impurities in the compound\n2. temperature of the surface thats heated on\n3. old lab furniture.\ncant say more!
876437
The chemicals are a reducing agent like p-aminophenol, p-H2N-C6H4-OH, to make the black and gray parts of the image; and sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3 to dissolve away unwanted unreacted silver halide from the parts destined to be gray to white.\n\nI give the explanation for black-and-white negative film and print paper. Color film, slides, and prints are similar, but there are extra chemicals and steps involved.\n\nLight hits some parts of the film but not others. The silver halide, like AgCl, AgBr, and/or AgI exposed become sensitized. That is, they are susceptible to reduction to black silver metal. Unexposed silver halide is not sensitized. After development with the reducing agent, the sodium thiosulfate dissolves silver halide that is still there. This compound was once called sodium hyposulfite, and photographers still refer to it as "hypo." It is also called a fixing agent, and it is necessary to "fix" the image on film or prints in this way.
114804
No need to break it down to "molecular" other wise, try this: Sodium thiosulphate. Dont just use it coz they all vary in their Ph U know the basisity or acidity they concentrate.
528995
Hmmm, what exactly do you mean by INSTRUMENTAL techniques? As the guy before me said, you could titrate it against a strong coloured oxidising agent such as acidifies potassium permanganate. But you can't really get the concentration from a spectrophotometer, for example, since peroxide (H2O2) doesn't absorb light.\nI guess you could thry using a NMR spectrometer for the job, or some kind of chromatography, but titration is by far the safest and easyest.
676026
Wild guess here... a dihydrate of copper chloride.\n\nSecond guess would be copper sulfate, possibly from the manufacturing process.
961700
...\n_The_ First experiment was to observe the reaction when AgNO3 was added to the copper metal. The copper metal was placed in a test tube, (<--no comma needed here) and 0.1 M AgNO3 was added. Just after AgNO3 was added, the (<-- delete the) shiny silver things were observed. Finally, the copper metal was completely changed to shiny silver powder. In the chemical equation, (change to "only the color of")  (the color of only) Ag was shiny silver. Therefore the color of the product matched the color of Ag, and must have been powdered silver. In this experiment, because copper replaced silver in the compound, this was a single replacement reaction.