which allows most weight & min sag at midpoint? steel 8'x6"x3/16" I-beam with 4" flng or 8'x 3"x3/16" sq. tube
606209
The technical answer to your question is that the moment of inertia of the beam's cross section is greater when speaking of the I-beam, and this means less bending.\n\n\nDumbing it down a little. The I beam will be able to support more weight.  Look at the cross-section of the materials.  The I-Beam has a height of 6 inches.  the square tube has a height of 3 inches.  The bending of a 6" piece of steel vs 2 3" pieces along their thickest portions is harder when the material is farther from the midpoint, ie, 6" is farther than 3".\n\nAs far as your max deflection and max load are concerned, you need to specify the types of steel, and the type of I-beam would be useful as well (S type, W type), as would the type of square tube (squared corners or rounded).  These won't make a huge difference, but it will make a little.
456275
9.81 m/s² or 32.2 ft/s²
1081935
There is no standard ratio of delivery space to building space.  The requirements are dictated by the layout of the site, operational circulation, avoidance of conflict with other vehicles and pedestrains and the swept path required to turn vehicles to position them for parking/loading/unloading.\n\nIn the UK we refer to "DESIGNING FOR DELIVERIES" (DfD) published by the Freight Transport Association.\n\nParking bays are standard but I suspect that the UK standard would be undersized for the average US vehicle.  A car parking bay in the UK is 2.4m x 4.8m unless for disabled drivers when it is 3.6m x 4.8m.  The aisle should be 6m.  Parrallel parking bays are 2m - 2.4m x 6m.  Lorry bays for a large artic (semi?) would typically be 17m x 3m.\n\nAlthough DfD is a good source of information we would normally check any layout with a swept path prediction program such as WINTRACK which is used within AUTOCAD.\n\nNote that gradient of the turning area can affect the turning space.  Typical grdients should be around 1/50 although 1/40 should be considered a maximum and 1/60 a minimum.  Ensure that areas where vehicles park to load/unload are flatter (say 1/80) to prevent the load moving of its own volition.  This is particularly important if the load is transported in wheeled pallets.\n\nDoes this help?
259548
Hello, You might find this useful :o)\n\n\nDouble Shear Strength\n(Cold Drawn – 0.442” [11.23 mm] start size)\n\n% Cold DrawnShear Strength, ksi (MPa)\n1089 (614)\n2098 (676)\n30106 (731)\n40113 (779)\n50122 (841)\n60130 (896)\n\nCondition     Size   Double Shear \n                             Strength ksi (MPa)\nAnnealed   3/8” Ø (9.6 mm)     86 (593)\n \nNitronic 60 Austentic Stainless, 40% Cold Worked\n\nComponent    Wt. %  \n \nCr 17   \nFe 62   \nMn 8   \nN  0.14   \nNi 8.5   \nSi 4   \n \nDensity 7.62 g/cc 0.275 lb/in³   \n\nMechanical Properties \n  \nHardness, Brinell = 346 (Estimated from Rockwell C)\nHardness, Knoop = 413 (Estimated from Rockwell C)\nHardness, Rockwell A = 69.5 (Estimated from Rockwell C) \nHardness, Rockwell C = 38 \nHardness, Vickers = 362 (Estimated from Rockwell C) \nTensile Strength, Ultimate = 1345 MPa (195000 psi)   \nTensile Strength, Yield = 1055 MPa (153000 psi)  0.2% Offset \nElongation at Break = 20 %\nReduction of Area = 57 %\nModulus of Elasticity = 179 GPa (26000 ksi)  In Tension \nPoisson's Ratio = 0.3\nShear Modulus = 69 GPa (10000 ksi)\n\n\nThanks!\n\nMorgan :o)
565893
16 foot is good in bays \n20 foo or larger is better
337257
if your lookin 4 accuracy go wit steel, for distance graphite. Degree depends on the club ur replacing. if its like a five wood choose around a 18 degree loft, or say a 3 iron go wit about a 22 degree.
282242
that's a real vague question, try to be more specific or at least say what king of structure do u want? (steel, conc, ..?)\nanyways this is an exremely simple example.\n\nlets' say u want to design a tension member -carrying tension force = 100 tons, -between 2 supports and this member is a steel member of yield stress= 1.4\nso to get the area u need :\n100/1.4= 71.43 cm square let's say again u want it to be I-shaped steel then u'll need  I number 400 i.e IPE 400
91722
My reference shows a 6" channel but is is 8.2 pounds. the cross sectional area is2.39, the flange width is 1.92 inches,webb thickness is .200 inches, I = 13 in^4, r = 2.34 in, S = 4.3 in^3
1052952
1650 lumber has a specific gravity of about 0.42.  This means its density should be close to 26.19 lbs/ cu. ft.  The one foot 2x4 should weigh 1.46 lbs.
1094716
First of all you would find the first part of you question in the manual. The second part is documented in the Manual of STEEL CONSTRUCTION "Allowable Stress Design" Ninth Edition. and the third part is called an M.T.R. This is the birth compasition of the metal used to make the beam which gives you the carbon hardness and rating of that beam. \nGood luck,\nChris
1095629
Ok.. first.. I think you are making 11" folds and not folding it across the shorter way.\n\n I don't think you want equal folds.. because if you do then the right side will hit the left side when you fold it in and fold the left side over it.\n\nIf you make the left section 3" and the middle section 3" then the right section will be only 2.5" and you will have a 1/2 inch gap.. this may be too big for your purposes.. so you might reduce the left and middle sections by about 1/8"\n\nthen... left and middle are 2-7/8" each... and the right side is 2-3/4"  or.. easier to compare.. you may want to call it 2-6/8" and 1/8" is a decent gap.. allowing for fold differences.
101463
that depends on the material's specific gravity\nweight in kg = specific gravity * volume in ltrs
166273
To some degree I'd agree with the previous answer, but I think with the sloping top tube frames common today, your real criteria should be the top tube length.  Yes, it's true you want some clearance over the top tube, but I think you should look more for the appropriate reach.  Keep in mind you can change stems, but that affects the handling to some degree.\n\nI totally agree with the previous answer that you should go into your local bike shop.  You could be long legged, or have a long torso, and have long arms.  Good bike shops do customized fittings, measuring almost every part of your body.  It also depends a lot on what kind of riding you want to do.  Leisurely, comfortable, or racing?  Racers tend to want to be more stretched out, more aerodynamic, and it's actually easier on your butt because you have more weight on the handlebars.  But it could be harder on your back, neck.   Giant and some other companies now have two different road bike geometries to meet these different needs - OCR (more upright), and TCR (more stretched out), for example. \n\nIt also depends A LOT on the company and how they measure.  For example, I'm almost 5'11" and I ride a 58 cannondale, but a 56 in other brands.  They all measure them differently!  Confusing I know, but a good shop can help you.  You can ask if they have a "fit kit" or the serotta fit system.\n\nGood luck!
1186982
The deflection of a simply supported beam is given by (5/384)*(wL^4)/EI\n\nWhere w is the distributed loading, l is the beam length, E is the youngs modulous a material property and I is the moment of inertia also known as the second moment of Area.  (Slope has a similar equation but is dependent on L^3)\n\nIf both cross sections are made of the same material then the only variance in the two deflections is the moment of inertia I.\n\nBecause the I beam is designed to resist moment  it has most of its mass in the flanges  where it is furthest away from the centre of mass of the section and will therefore contribute most effectivly.  Engineered materials often take advantage of this property of I beams to save materials, you can reduce the amount of material needed to satisfy strength and deflection requirements by using an I beam over a solid rectangle.\n\n\nSo for the same area an I beam will deflect less, resist more moment and be effecient where as a solid section will deflect more have a greater slope, resist less moment and be very inefficient
856591
You left out a LOT of info, like\n1) Loaded as column or beam?\n2) If beam, concentrated or distributed load?\n3) What kind of wood?\n4) Answer based on engineering equations or building code?
365785
It depends on your requirements.  If you're racing, there are still a fair number of European builders making steel frames in the classic geometry.  If money is no object, there are some good American custom builders.  Co-motion makes the Espresso, a 16.5 pound screamer.  \n\nFor loaded touring, there is the Co-motion Americano (top of the line, bullet-proof, big bucks) and the Surly Long Haul Trucker (one heck of a machine, frame is less than $400).  \n\nIn short, there is no one "best" steel frame bike, but a lot of excellent ones depending on the use, requirements, and budget.
508050
You need reinforced rubber or stainless steel?\nRubber is good because it comes with a variety of end fittings.\nStainess steel is harder because fittings are harder to put on.\nChances are is nobody is going to sell you a 4 foot length of stainless.. You're probably going to have to buy a 6 m lenght.. lots of dosh.. Rubber.. It comes on a coil, so they would probably cut some for you and put your end feed fittings on at the same time.\nLook in the yellow pages..Hydraulic Hose.