who created a plan of financial aid to the countries in WW2?
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The wartime allies (the United States, the Soviet Union, and Britain) began to quarrel as soon as the Nazi threat lessened.\nThe Americans and British decided to postpone questions about the makeup of postwar Europe.\nStalin, however, wanted decisions made with regard to postwar borders.\nThe Big Three at Teheran (1943) decided to launch an AmericanBritish invasion of Hitler's empire via France, and a Soviet invasion of eastern Europe.\nAt the Yalta Conference (1945), the Allies decided to divide Germany into occupation zones.\nIt was also agreed that Germany would pay heavy reparations to Russia.\nStalin agreed to declare war on Japan after Germany was defeated.\nThe Yalta Compromise over eastern Europe broke down almost immediately.\nAt the Potsdam Conference (1945), Truman demanded free elections throughout eastern Europe, but Stalin refused.\nStalin believed that eastern European states must not be anti-Soviet.\nHe feared that free elections would result in possibly hostile governments on his western border.\nShort of war, the United States could not really influence developments in eastern Europe.\nWest versus East\nTruman cut off aid to Russia because of Stalin's insistence on having communist governments in eastern Europe.\nBy 1947, many Americans believed that Stalin was trying to export communist revolution throughout Europe and the world.\nThe Marshall Plan was established to help European economic recovery; the Truman Doctrine was meant to ward off communist subversion with military aid.\nThe Soviet blockade of Berlin led to a successful Allied airlift.\nIn 1949, the United States formed an antiSoviet military alliance of Western governments, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO); in return, Stalin united his satellites in the Warsaw Pact.\nIn 1949, communists won in China.\nIn 1950, when communist North Korea invaded the south, Americanled UN troops intervened.\nThe American General MacArthur wanted to invade China but President Truman said no and fired him; in 1953 a Korean truce was negotiated.\nThe Western attempt to check Stalin probably came too late and may have encouraged Russian aggression.\nThe Western renaissance\nA divided and economically weak Europe made a huge turn-around within a generation after 1945.\nThe postwar challenge\nThe war left Europe physically devastated and in a state of economic and moral crisis.\nFood rationing was necessary.\nRussia's border had been pushed west, as was Poland's; thus, many Germans were forced to resettle in a greatly reduced Germany.\nAll the Allies treated Germany harshly.\nNew leaders and new parties, especially the Catholic Christian Democrats, emerged in Italy, France, and Germany and provided effective leadership and needed reforms.\nIn many countries, such as Britain, France, and Italy, socialists and communists emerged from the war with considerable power and a strong desire for social reform.\nThe Marshall Plan aided in economic recovery and led to the Organization for European Economic Cooperation (OEEC); military protection was provided through NATO.\nLed by West Germany, a European economic miracle was underway by 1963.\nAmerican aid helped get the process off to a fast start.\nEuropean nations adopted Keynesian policies to stimulate their economies.\nUnder Erhard, Germany adopted a freemarket economy, a social welfare network, currency reform, and price controls.\nUnder Monnet, flexible planning and a mixed state and private economy brought rapid growth to France.\nGreat potential demand (for products such as refrigerators), abandonment of protectionism, and the creation of the Common Market stimulated the economy.\nToward European unity\nDemocratic republics were reestablished in France, West Germany, and Italy.\nThe Christian Democrats wanted a unified Europe, but economic unity proved to be more realistic than political unity under the Council of Europe.\nThe sixnation Coal and Steel Community marked the beginning of a movement
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In monetary terms it's Israel. Approximately a third of the entire U.S. foreign aid budget goes to Israel.
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Go to www.bbc.co.uk/ww2.
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germany,Japan,Italy (Axis powers)
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The events leading to World War II, its military operations, diplomacy, statistical data, and results, are discussed under the following headings:\n\nhttp://gi.grolier.com/wwii/wwii_i.html\n\nGood luck.\n\nKevin, Liverpool, UK.
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try "The Great War For Civilisation" by Robert Fisk.  You will need to go back further than 20 years too as the current problems are rooted in the decisions made after the first and second world wars.  This book covers other countries in the Middle East too.
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This war is being fought on many fronts. Some countries had their bank accounts.
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To assist in the reconstruction of Europe after World War II. \n\nIn the speech Marshall outlined the problem: "Europe's requirements are so much greater than her present ability to pay that she must have substantial additional help or face economic, social, and political deterioration of a very grave character." He then suggested a solution: that the European nations themselves set up a program for the reconstruction of Europe, with United States assistance.
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Paul Wolfowitz heads the WTO.\n\nGood luck with that essay.  I'm sure all the study you've done is helpin' y'all out right now.
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the U.S. Congress passed his Lend-Lease Act in March 1941. This legislation gave the president the authority to aid any nation whose defense he believed vital to the United States and to accept repayment “in kind or property, or any other direct or indirect benefit which the President deems satisfactory.” Though lend-lease had been authorized primarily in an effort to aid Great Britain, it was extended to China in April and to the Soviet Union in September. The principal recipients of aid were the British Commonwealth countries (about 63 percent) and the Soviet Union (about 22 percent), though by the end of the war more than 40 nations had received lend-lease help. Much of the aid, valued at $49,100,000,000, amounted to outright gifts. Some of the cost of the lend-lease program was offset by so-called reverse lend-lease, under which Allied nations gave U.S. troops stationed abroad about $8,000,000,000 worth of aid.
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He created the lend-lease program, which allowed the allies to borrow needed weaponry in return for a payment (I think this is right).
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The Truman Doctrine was intended to help Turkey and Greece (as well as other Middle East countries) fight Communism. It basically said that the US was ready to send any military aid, money, supplies, etc. to help the fight. It also gave $400 million in aid to Turkey and Greece. \n\nLike most documents during the Cold War, it was a way to fight Stalin and Communism.
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Pearl harbor for the December 7th date, but for September 11th 1939 there was the fact that Sir Robert Menzies the former Australian Prime Minister wrote a letter urging for negotiations to begin with Hitler and Iraq along with Saudi Arabia declared war on nazi-Germany.
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Germany - Adolf hitler\nItaly- benito Mussolini\nJapan - Hideko Toji
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Adolf Hitler - Nazi dictator of Germany (1933-45), planned and started World War 2, committed suicide at the end of the war. \nGeneral Hideki Tojo - Prime minister of Japan (October 1941 - July 1944). With a long militarist tradition, Japan became extremely militarist and aggressive in the 1930s and was practically governed by military leaders. Tojo, an aggressive army General, became minister of war in July 1941 and prime minister in October 1941. After a short attempt to improve relations with the US failed, he ordered to go to war and attack Pearl Harbor in December 1941. He gradually took more ministerial roles, and in Feb. 1944 also made himself the commander in chief, like Adolf Hitler did. When he realized that Japan was going to lose the war he resigned. The military continued to control Japan until the end of World War 2, which came when the Emperor Hirohito which was until then passive, ordered to surrender in order to prevent further inevitable destruction of Japan. After the war Tojo was executed for his responsibility to Japan's war crimes. \nBenito Mussolini, was the prime minister of Italy (1922-1943). A former journalist, he went to politics and formed the Fascist party, whose ideology, Fascism, called for a one-party state, total obedience, patriotic nationalism, and aggressive militarism. The ideology and its implementation in Mussolini's Italy influenced Adolf Hitler's own ideology, Nazism, which was a combination of Fascism with extreme racism. Initially Mussolini led a right-wing coalition, but later Italy became a one party state. His treatment of unemployment made Mussolini popular, but the military aggression of Fascism led to its failure. Mussolini was eager to demonstrate the "strength" of his regime by invading weaker neighbors. In 1935 he invaded and occupied the peaceful Ethiopia from Italy's nearby colony in East Africa. In 1936, the two Fascist dictators, Hitler and Mussolini, signed an alliance. In 1939 he invaded and occupied his small neighbor Albania, and Mussolini then enhanced his alliance with Hitler to a full military alliance. Mussolini knew that his military was not very effective, but when the Germans defeated the French and British forces in mid 1940 he thought it was safe enough for him to attack Britain and the collapsing France too and declared war, and in October 1940 he also invaded Greece, and was repelled. Mussolini had a million soldiers in Libya, and he sent them to attack the small British force in Egypt. The Italian Navy and Air Force attacked British ports and shipping in the Mediterranean, from Gibraltar in the West to Haifa (Israel) in the East. Despite its numerical strength and the fact that British forces in the Mediterranean were greatly outnumbered and very stretched, the Italian military could not defeat them anywhere, and was severely beaten by the British, and simply had to call for the help of the much more capable Germans. Even with German help, the British forces only lost their positions in Greece and kept fighting fiercely from their island bases in Malta, Gibraltar, and in North Africa. Mussolini's Italy became a German puppet, and even sent troops to participate in Germany's invasion of Russia. Eventually, British and American forces eliminated the Italian and German forces in North Africa and followed in July 1943 with an invasion of Sicily in South Italy. It was clear that Italy was losing the war, so several days after the invasion Mussolini was replaced and arrested in a remote mountain castle. Hitler sent commandos to rescue his friend from captivity. In April 1945, when German defence in North Italy collapsed, Mussolini was captured by Italian partisans and executed . \nThe defenders\nWinston Churchill kept warning of the Nazi danger in pre-war years. He was elected prime minister of Great Britain after the total collapse of the appeasement policy of his predecessor Neville Chamberlain. Chamberlain failed to understa
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After the united states congress denied to accept the 14 point plan of the 14th point the league of nations; because American wanted to remain isolated from Europe. The countries of Europe just said hey then we will make our own treaty. So everyone but the triple alliance Austria-Hungry was split and the government was gone, Italy pulled out at the begging to join the entente; the ottoman empire fell apart, and Germany was the only country that still had a government (even if it wasn't the cause of the war) to stand for the entente.\n\nSo the entente, basically France, Britain and Russia(Russia pulled too but still took credit). But they got together and left out Germany and this is what they did. \n\n*Billed Germany for the WHOLE war even if austria-hungry\n started it.\n*Germany was not allowed to build military weapons, but hitler never got that note.\n*Most of their trade production and food was sent to the \nentente, and Germany had basically no food or steel or anything.\n*And i think that a good soical thing that Germans after the first world war were like the scum of europe, till world war II where they had a total head trip, but had a reason.
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mine guess is Russia. in 1939 russia and germany sing a nonargession pact to not attack each other.\nwhen Germany invaded poland in step. 1939 russia did to.  Then in spring of 1941 german attack russia with operation barbarossa and russia becamed allies with england and later the US.