Describe or picture of a "long tom" used in gold mining in Calif.?
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The first Argonauts of 1848 used quite primitive mining tools: knives, spoons, a shovel, and a pan for washing the gold. Since these miners could only dig out bigger nuggets with such primitive equipment, they had to work on rich gold deposits. In the same year, technical improvements such as the cradle, the rocker, the long tom, and river damming, basically all known since the Middle Ages, were introduced by the more experienced Mexicans. The cradle and the rocker both worked on the same principle: wooden boxes with the top and front piece missing and a sieve on the bottom side through which the dirt containing gold was washed. On the bottom horizontal wooden bars slowed the incoming water down and helped to separate dirt from gold. With a handle on the side of the box, the whole mechanism could be rocked. The rocker required 3 or 4 people to work, one to shovel the dirt into the machine, one responsible for the water supply, and a third one to move the handle. Contrary to the individual washing with the pan, this more efficient technique required miners to find partners, thus establishing small mining groups of 3 to 9 people.\n\nThe long tom functioned similarly to the rocker but increased its efficiency. It also had the shape of a trough, but it was much larger, 12 to 15 feet long and about 2 feet wide. Mainly made out of wood, it had a metal bottom with a sieve and a ripple box at its end. This machine was put up with a slight slope, thus facilitating the water flow. While one man shoveled dirt into the long tom, making sure that the water was running, another mixed water and dirt while taking out big stones that could damage the sieve. At the end of the day, the dirt was taken out of the box and washed in a pan. Six to eight men had to work a long tom to fully exploit its capacities. A few miners started to employ the long tom at the end of 1848, and by 1850 it became a common machine.
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Gold was found at the head of Six-Mile Canyon in Nevada in 1859 by two miners named Pat McLaughlin and Peter O'Reilly. A fellow miner, Henry Comstock, stumbled upon their find and claimed it was on his property. The gullible McLaughlin and O'Reilly believed him and assured Comstock a place in history when the giant lode was named. Following the gold up the canyon an outcropping of gold in quartz was found.
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The only place I know of where gold is found there is on the western border of Cherokee National Forest in Coker Creek...Hope your close to there and good luck...
298372
Apparently a kind of sea bass.\n\nSee photo below.  It might also be called a "black sea bass", found near Catalina island off California.\n\nEr ... it's also a kind of drum (Catalina brand bass drum) but  since this is in the Biology category, I think you want the fish  :)
1063626
It looks to be PA. See the link below, and look under category 212 (mining excluding oil & gas). Further on in the same table, the data is broken out into more detail.\n\nSomething like the USGS probabaly has info on mineral deposits.
886977
The first answer is absolutely correct.  A vein of gold is exposed on a hillside. Erosion will eventually wash this gold downhill into a stream or river. Since gold is very ductile and the rock it is in inclusion with is brittle (usually quartz), the gold will seperate from the rock during the tumbling action of moving water and gravels and eventually "drop out" into a place where current flow no longer has the velocity to continue moving it downstream. This is a placer deposit.\n\nThe stream may reduce flow or change course leaving an alluvial bench where the gold remains until some prospector who recognizes this type of geologic formation and EUREKA!!
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Also check out the " Four Peaks Amethyst Mine", its in Arizona. It will give you additional information which you are seeking.
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This is a good website for mining information.\n\nhttp://www.infomine.com/commodities/
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The Gold in California, and hte expansion of the US
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Also known as Marston Matting.  Look up Seabee Pacific Action.
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http://karmak.org/archive/2004/04/longsen.html\ncheck out this site it might help
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There is an old ditty from California that I ran across many years ago:\n\nThe miners came in '49,\nThe whores in '51,\nThen they got together,\nAnd made the Native Son.
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Try this website http://animal.discovery.com/fansites/jeffcorwin/carnival/frog/califnewt.html
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There is an explanation for many mines in Canada at this website: http://www.mining-technology.com/projects/#North_America\n\nAn example from the Campbell Gold Mine in Ontario:\nThe run-of-mine ore is crushed in the mine and lifted out, re-crushed to less than 10 mm size and ground by a rod mill, ball mill, and cyclone mill series. They then use a gravity separation using Knelson concentrators. Shaking tables then separate much of the sulphides from free gold, and then a flotation process is used before autoclaving. The resulting solids are treated to convert sulphides and arsenic. It is then neutralized with lime and leached in an eight stage cyanide process. Finally a zinc precipitation sytem is used to recover the gold and it is refined on site. There are more details on the website.
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Fact: During the early days of the gold rush many easterners came out west looking for gold. Many stopped in Nevada not wanting to make the trip of the Sierras. They mined and mined looking for gold nuggets and all they found were clumps of black metal that they kept throwing out as waste. The black metal was actually pure silver in it's rough, unpolished form and no one realized!\n\nFact: California is called "The Golden State" because of the gold rush of 1949\n\nFact: Pyrite or "Fool's Gold" is often mistaken for gold nuggets but it has little value of it's own.
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There was a gold rush in California in 1849 near San Francisco.  People that left their homes and traveled across the country to pan for gold were called "49ers".
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http://cgi.ebay.com/ebaymotors/16-Open-Fisherman-Center-Console_W0QQitemZ4608830761QQcategoryZ63725QQcmdZViewItem\nhere is a picture on ebay