what is nocturnal growth in marine seaweeds?
611532
nocturnal literally means happening in the night.in the context of sea weeds,it means grown during the night or rather in the absence of sunlight.
51996
I thought that plants didnt really grow towards the sun, its more that the growth is slowed in the cells due to the presence of excess plant hormone Auxin which is produced in sunlight causing them to grow faster on the "dark"side resulting in the appearence of them "growing" towards the sun (phototropism)
1064587
Sunflowers track the sun through changes in turgor pressure. Potassium ions get pumped into the underside of the flower on its shady side (the side where the cells aren't sensing as much blue light), which increases the turgor pressure, which causes the nearby motor cells to get longer and bend. As the sun moves across the sky, the pressure changes so that the head of the flower follows the sun. At night, when there isn't any sun, the pressure subsides, the motor cells go back to their normal size, and the flowers just kinda do whatever until the next morning. A plant's movement in response to light is called phototropism in general, but this kind of movement in particular is called heliotropism--it's diurnal, quicker, and reversible, as opposed to phototropism, which is...not.
694969
chloroplast has two membranous wall enclosing inner contents\nIn side we can see green colored grana and colour less stroma\nGreen colored grana had piles if thylocoids which are rich ingreen pigment chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b.Both theseare involved in light phase of P.S\nin the colou less stroma many enymes are present They are useful for the dark rreaction or dark carboxylation
135263
Yes,the amt of light affects plants growth.\n  The response of a plant to the relative lengths of light & dark periods is known as Photoperiodism.From the 1st observation on Maryland Mammoth variety of tobacco(Nicotiana tobaccum),it aws found that plants require specific period of light & darkness for flowering,known as critical period.\n\nThe plants requiring longer light than critical period r called long day plants. eg.Wheat,oats.\nThe plants requiring shorter period of light than cri.period r called short day plants.eg.tobacco & chrysanthemum.\nThe plants in which flowering is unaffected by photoperiod r called day neutral plants.eg.Sunflower,maize.
799733
Algae provide food and oxygen for many creatures that live in the same environment. Some examples of algae are seaweed and pond scum. However, in intense algae blooms due to nitrogen run off from farms, a plant fertilizer that cause the algae to grow out of control it leads to oxygen depletion in the water known as hypoxia. When the algae die off bacteria attack the algae and use up all the oxygen. It is a delicate balance.
589175
Bioluminescent organisms.
800409
spider plant. it grows like a weed.!!! i had 1 plant and by the end of the summer i had so many babies on that thing i ended up with like 5 plants and gave 10-15 away. now i had to cut my plants in half cuz they got to big for the biggest pot i could find, so now i have like 5 huge plants! and 5  smaller but getting to big. they are the best. light  well im not really sure to me it seems they do good anywhere with a little light to out side in the summer sun. they grow anywhere pretty much.
638451
one way is chlorophyll fluorimetry,a method of studying light absorption by photosynthetic pigments in marine algae.\nthis sight might help good luck.
232549
The Bacillariophyta are the diatoms. With their exquisitely beautiful silica shells, or frustules such as that of Odontella diatoms are among the loveliest microfossils. They are also among the most important aquatic microorganisms today: they are extremely abundant both in the plankton and in sediments in marine and freshwater ecosystems, and because they are photosynthetic they are an important food source for marine organisms. Some may even be found in soils or on moist mosses.bacillariophyta are Autotrophic and they eat brown chloroplasts.Autotrophic means that they are capable of utilizing inorganic carbon as the main source of carbon and of obtaining energy for life processes from the oxidation of inorganic elements (chemotrophic) or from radiant energy (phototrophic).
1103871
sunlight stimulates photosynthesis and larger amts produce more growth, lesser amts less growth.......Seasonal light changes inc growth in the spring as light hours incresae, and Fall lesser light as days dec in length slow growth. Same goes for daily changes......Strings of Rainy days vs sunny days!!!! Look outside if you live on the Eastern coast of the US......
935569
I'm always happy to help out a Van Halen fan! Anyway, photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy and fuel to grow, and also to manufacture proteins, the most important of which is chlorophyll, which gives plants their green color. They also convert this light into sugars anfd starches, which they need to grow. (The storing of these sugars, in fact, along with the slowing down of the photsynth, is what gives those autumn leaves their great colors.)  During the dark hours the plants are basically dormant, and thus no photosynth taking place, but they are still respirating, i.e. taking in carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. They do this in light too, of couse, but at a faster rate. But just like we need our sleep, the plants need the dark also to rest and store their food, otherwise they would expend it all and thus dry out, which is why they get yellow (depleted chlorophyl) with too much sun.
652387
http://www.oceanlight.com/lightbox.php?sp=Tamiasciurus_douglasii
983259
phycobilins are the pigment  present in rhodophyta (red algae belongs to the rhodophyta and agra produced  by certain red algae .the main  sources of agar-agar is the thalli of gelidium,gracilaria andGigartina ,campylaephora,eucheuma ,hypea,ahnfelhia,and frucella)\nPHYCOBILINS:-phycobilinns are Water-soluble photosynthetic pigments found in the cytoplasm, or in the stroma of the chloroplast. There are two classes of phycobilins and they occur only in Cyanobacteria and Rhodophyta. The bluish pigment phycocyanin is found in Cyanobacteria and gives them their common name of "blue-green algae". The reddish pigment phycoerythrin is found only in Rhodophyta and gives them their common name of "red algae".\n\nPhycobilins are not only useful to the organisms which use them for soaking up light energy; they have also found use as research tools. Both pycocyanin and phycoerythrin fluoresce at a particular wavelength. That is, when they are exposed to strong light, they absorb the light energy, and release it by emitting light of a very narrow range of wavelengths. The light produced by this fluorescence is so distinctive and reliable, that phycobilins may be used as chemical tags. The pigments are chemically bonded to antibodies, which are then put into a solution of cells. When the solution is sprayed as a stream of fine droplets past a laser and computer sensor, a machine can identify whether the cells in the droplets have been tagged by the antibodies. This has found extensive use in cancer research, for tagging tumor cells. \nOrganisms belonging to the Division Rhodophycota of the Kingdom Protista. Most of the over 4000 species are marine. They range in complexity from simple unicellular organisms to unbranched and branched filaments to complex multiaxial uprights and crusts. Their pigments include chlorophyll a and the phycobiliproteins, red phycoerythrin (often the dominant pigment) and blue phycocyanin, as well as carotenes, lutein, zeaxanthin. Phycoerythin reflects red light and absorbs blue light. Because blue light penetrates water to a greater depth than light of longer wavelengths, these pigments allow red algae to photosynthesize and live at somewhat greater depths than most other algae. Some rhodophytes have very little phycoerythrin, and may appear green or bluish from the chlorophyll and other pigments present in them. Most red algae have a complex life history with three phases: tetrasporophyte, gametophyte, and carposporophyte. \nAGAR AGAR:-\nAgar is an unbranched polysaccharide obtained from the cell walls of some species of red algae or seaweed. The word agar comes from the Malay word agar-agar (meaning jelly). It is also known as kanten or agal-agal (Ceylon agar). Chemically, agar is a polymer made up of subunits of the sugar galactose. Agar polysaccharides serve as the primary structural support for the algae's cell walls. Dissolved in hot water and cooled, agar becomes gelatinous. Its chief use is as a culture medium for microbiological work. Other uses are as a laxative, a vegetarian gelatin substitute, a thickener for soups, in jellies, ice cream and Japanese desserts such as anmitsu, as a clarifying agent in brewing, and for paper sizing fabrics.Nutrient agar is used throughout the world as a medium for the growth of bacteria and fungi, but not viruses (however, viruses are often grown in bacteria that are growing on agar). Though less than 1% of all existing bacteria can be grown successfully, the basic agar formula can be used to grow most of the microbes whose needs are known. More specific nutrient agars are available, because microbes can be picky. For example, blood agar, which is generally combined with horse blood, can be used to detect the presence of haemorrhagic micro-organisms such as E.coli O:157 H:7. The bacteria digest the blood, turning the plate clear.Agar is a heterogeneous mixture of two classes of polysaccharide: agaropectin and agarose [1]. Although both polysacchari
641160
Corals (class Anthozoa), which include sea anemones (order Actiniaria), are gastrovascular marine cnidarians (phylum Cnidaria) existing as small sea anemone-like polyps, typically forming colonies of many individuals. The group includes the important reef builders known as hermatypic corals, found in tropical oceans, and belonging to the subclass Zoantharia of order Scleractinia (formerly Madreporaria). The latter are also known as stony corals in as much as the living tissue thinly covers a skeleton composed of calcium carbonate. A coral "head" is formed of many individual polyps, each polyp only a few millimeters in diameter. The colony of polyps function essentially as a single organism by sharing nutrients via a well developed gastrovascular network, and the polyps are clones, each having the same genetic structure. Each polyp generation grows on the skeletal remains of previous generations, forming a structure that has a shape characteristic of the species, but subject to environmental influences.\n\nAlthough sea anemones can catch fish and other prey items and corals can catch plankton, they obtain much of their nutrient requirement from symbiotic unicellular dinoflagellates (type of algae) called zooxanthellae. Consequently, they are dependent upon growing in sunlight and for that reason usually found not far beneath the surface, although in clear waters corals can grow at depths of 60 m (200 ft). Other corals, notably the cold-water genus Lophelia, do not have associated algae, and can live in much deeper water, with recent finds as deep as 3000 m. Corals breed by spawning, with many corals of the same species in a region releasing gametes simultaneously over a period of one to several nights around a full moon.\n\nCorals are major contributors to the physical structure of coral reefs that develop only in tropical and subtropical waters. Some corals exist in cold waters, such as off the coast of Norway (north to at least 69° 14.24' N) and the Darwin Mounds off western Scotland. The most extensive development of extant coral reef is the Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Queensland, Australia. Indonesia is home to 581 of the world's 793 known coral reef-building coral species.\n\n\n\nHydra is a genus of simple, fresh-water animals possessing radial symmetry. Hydras are predatory animals belonging to the phylum Cnidaria and the class Hydrozoa.\n\nHydras are low power microscopical life forms and are often studied by biologists due to their regenerative powers. They can be found in most un-polluted freshwater ponds, lakes and streams in the temperate and tropical regions by gently sweeping a collecting net through weedy areas.
490037
I am working on this problem without knowing if you even still need this info. But it is interesting. It seems the most important inorganic nutrient is sunlight!\n\nHere's a quote:\n\nAutotrophs absorb sunlight energy and transfer inorganic mineral nutrients into organic molecules. The autotrophs of the marine environment include algae and flowering plants and in the deep sea are chemosynthetic bacteria that harness inorganic chemical energy to build organic matter...AUTOTROPHIC NUTRITION..supply food molecules to organisms that can't absorb sunlight.\n\nfrom:http://darter.ocps.net/classroom/klenk/Ecology.htm\n\nHere's another link relative to the subject, I think:\nhttp://pubmedcentral.com/articlerender.fcgi?artid=18283\n\nThe oceanic distribution of cadmium follows closely that of major algal nutrients such as phosphate. The reasons for this “nutrient-like” distribution are unclear, however, because cadmium is not generally believed to have a biological function. Herein, we provide evidence of a biological role for Cd in the marine diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii under conditions of low zinc, typical of the marine environment. Addition of Cd to Zn-limited cultures enhances the growth rate of T. weissflogii, particularly at low pCO2. This increase in growth rate is reflected in increased levels of cellular carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity, although the levels of TWCA1, the major intracellular Zn-requiring isoform of CA in T. weissflogii, remain low. 109Cd label comigrates with a protein band that shows CA activity and is distinct from TWCA1 on native PAGE of radiolabeled T. weissflogii cell lysates. The levels of the Cd protein are modulated by CO2 in a manner that is consistent with a role for this enzyme in carbon acquisition. Purification of the CA-active fraction leads to the isolation of a Cd-containing protein of 43 kDa. It is now clear that T. weissflogii expresses a Cd-specific CA, which, particularly under conditions of Zn limitation, can replace the Zn enzyme TWCA1 in its carbon-concentrating mechanism.\n\nMarine microorganisms are largely responsible for the cycling, and therefore the distribution, of many nutrients in the sea, and it is the availability of these nutrients that, in turn, controls oceanic primary production. This relationship is as true of essential trace elements as it is of major nutrients. In oceanic systems, the water column distribution of many biologically important trace metals is thus similar to that of the major nutrients: phosphate, nitrate, and silicate. At the surface, where photosynthetic activity depletes algal nutrients, such metals are present at extremely low concentrations, presumably as the result of biological uptake. Like those of major nutrients, these metal concentrations increase at depth because of decomposition of organic matter and remineralization.\n\nZinc, which has many known biological functions (1), is a good example of a metal that follows this type of nutrient-like profile. Cadmium, however, which is generally thought to be universally deleterious to living organisms, also has a nutrient-like profile (2); its concentration is so well correlated to that of phosphate that the accumulation of Cd in the fossilized tests of marine invertebrates is used as a measure of past nutrient concentrations in the sea (3). In the absence of a demonstrated biological function for Cd, it has been widely thought that abiotic processes, such as adsorption onto organic particles, modulate the distribution of this metal. Recently, it has been proposed that the depletion of Cd from surface seawater is caused by its use by marine phytoplankton (4). Under conditions of Zn limitation, Cd enhances the growth rate of some marine phytoplankton in culture (4–6), and it thus seems that Cd may replace Zn in some essential biochemical function.\n\nIn Thalassiosira weissflogii, the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA) constitutes a major use of cellular Zn (7), and the expression of TWC
977619
http://www.answers.com/chlorella&r=67