what  is  shear stress?
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*When an external force is acting along the section of the body then the force is termed as shear force (Q) and the correspondingstress (q) is called shear stress.\n                    \nshear stress =  SHEAR FORCE / AREA UNDER SHEAR\n                  \n  q = Q / A   \n\n   \n A rivetted joint is a typical example for shear,where the rivet resists shear force across its cross-sectional area A.
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shear force is the type of force like you have in a paper hole punch;  or to visualize more in metal, pushing the molecules perpendicular instead of tearing them apart or sawing.\n\ntorsion is a force like the twisting motion of holding a pencil in your hand, or the driveshaft in a truck.  a force that twists the object one way on one side, and the opposite way on the other (clockwise and counter clockwise)\n\na bending moment "bends" an object, but is more like a twisting motion on the long side of an object.  you can calculate bending moment by multiplying the force (such as weight on a beam) by the distance away from the pin or fulcrum.  a good way to see this bending moment is to hold something long like a 2x4 or broom, hold it out, and try to turn it over.  as you move away from the center, it becomes harder and harder to do, or the bending moment is becoming larger and larger.
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The engineering graph is plotted using force vs. elongation.  Stress is then calculated using force divided by cross sectional area, which is a constant.  This cannot simulate true stress because it doesn't account for "necking."\n\nNecking occurs when the sample is about to break.  Usually you can see with your own eyes that the sample begins to thin out before it breaks, thus reducing the cross sectional area (which was held constant in engineering graph).  When necking starts to happen, even the force applied may be smaller, the stress does not decrease, since Stress = Force / Area.
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wind. the speed of the current traveling through the lines. when they pass each other they make contact.
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Thre's a fluid that circulates between the brain & the cranium(skull).  The fluid is countinuously produced & drained, thus if there's problem with drainage of fluid, it builds up inside of your head.  The fluid pressure can't go out the cranium, so it exerts force on the brain instead.
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plain stress, in simplest of cases, is just a force divided by the area at which it is acting upon. this could be a normal stress or tangential, which is another topic. plain strain on the other hand is deformation due to an application of force.for let's say a bar,it could be along its cross sectional area (reduction for example). i took up a subject about this last sem.
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The best answer to this question would very long. The quick and dirty response is:\n\nCutting tools in metalwork apply a compressive force to the work piece. The compressive force overcomes the forces holding the atoms together and and the material begins to slip along planes of irregular crystal stucture. The effected zone is reffered to as the shear zone. \n\nAgain this is short answer. Probably raised more questions than it answered.
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Capacity of a material to deform permanently (e.g., stretch, bend, or spread) in response to stress. Most common steels, for example, are quite ductile and hence can accommodate local stress concentrations. Brittle materials, such as glass, cannot accommodate concentrations of stress because they lack ductility, and therefore fracture easily. When a material specimen is stressed, it deforms elastically (see elasticity) at first; above a certain deformation, called the elastic limit, deformation becomes permanent.
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When a fluid (liquid or gas) flows over a surface there is some amount of friction between that fluid and the surface. As a result the velocity of the fluid on the surface is zero. As you move away from the surface the velocity increases until it reaches the same velocity as the rest of the fluid flow. This small region where the velocity of the fluid increases from zero up to the velocity of the rest of the flow is called the boundry layer.\n\nIf a fluid is more viscous this boundry layer will be thicker. Lower viscosity means a smaller boundry layer.
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A-a??\n\nA gradient is a vector field consisting of derivative vectors of a source of data (like a moving ocean)\nYou could use a gradient to show how fast the water is moving across the ocean surface. The derivitaive vectors that make up the gradient are instantaneous calculations of the rate of flow at several points on the surface of the ocean)
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Stress is a normalization of force over area (or pressure) that is acting on a body.\n\nStrain is percent deformation (or change in length of the body) resulting from the load action on the body.\n\nThey are related by Hooke's Law in the elastic region. Hooke's Law states that Force is proportional the displacement in an elastic body. However, in materials Stress is proportional to strain by Young's Modulus.\n\nIf:\ns = stress\ne = strain\nE = Young's Modulus\n\nThen s = Ee
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TO FIND STRESS FACTORS FOR MATERIALS, IE METALS, PLASTICS, ETC. GO TO YOUR LOCAL BOOKSTORE AND ORDER A PIPEFITTERS MANUAL, WELDERS MANUAL, OR MILLWRIGHTING MANUAL..THEY WILL HAVE ALL THE GRAPHS AND CHARTS YOU NEED. THE COST WILL RANGE FROM $12.00 ON UP BUT ANY OF THEM WILL BE WELL WORTH THE COST...\nTHERE ARE SEVERAL FACTORS THAT INDUCE STRESS UPON ANY MATERIAL IN INDUSTRIES, WEIGHT, WIND, CHEMICAL/EROSION/RUST/HEAT/COLD/ ETC., IF YOU HAVE A PARTICULAR QUESTION, I WOULD BE HAPPY TO TRY TO ANSWER IT IF I CAN..
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convection is the transfer of heat by the flow of air. Duct tape prevents air from flowing outside of the ducks.
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Curl, divergence, gradient.
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I think what's meant is the difference made by your point of view or how you describe a fluid.\n\n\nmicroscopic:\n\nThe fluid described as discrete particles m[i] and their interactions F[i,j]. On a microscopic level each particle moves according to Newton's law.\n\nm[i] d²x[i]/dt² == F[i] == ∑ F[i,j] + external forces\n\n\nmacroscopic:\n\nThe fluid described as a continuum. Averaging over a mesoscopic Volume ∆V yields the macroscopic fields such as density ρ(x,t), velocity v(x,t), pressure p(x,t) which satisfy a continuity equation and the Euler or Navier-Stokes equation.\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navier-Stokes_equations\n\n\nThe microscopic approach is obiously a n-body problem, while the continuum "can't handle" phenomenons like phase transitions, cavitation or turbulence.
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basically it is the amount of friction, caused by movement, or no movement. below is a GREAT link to explain. hope this helped!!!!\n\nhttp://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/frict2.html
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A stressed vowel is the vowel of the word that has the greatest force applied in its production.  There are two components to stress in English, "stress" which is volume, and "pitch" which is tone.  In a word like "feather", the "ea" vowel is the stressed vowel.  In a word like "upon", the "o" vowel is the stressed vowel.