When was radio trunking invented?
597455
The below is cut from an article by Storno radio equipment:\n\nStornophone 4000\nIntroduced as 'the radio with only one moving part' (which was the PTT button), the CQP4000 series portables with their membrane keypads, frequency synthesisers and PROM personality programming took portables into the the microprocessor age. From the early Mk.1 two channel sets with the colourful keypad to the later Mk.2 version they also supported system applications including the trunked Storno Phonenet 2200 and Starnet MPT1327 systems\n\nThe 2200 was made in 1988
286977
sure, "ham radio" has been around forever and here in the U.S.A. speech is free!!
774184
A very good, complicated and interesting question.  Katy brought up a good point.  You could write entire book on how cell phones has changed daily life around the world.  Just think of how many business decisions are now done in real time rather than getting to a land line (telephone.)  Or how about a reporter in the field giving a story before he or she has set up the equipment to broadcast the story?  Or how about the reporting of the Iraq war where no broadcasting equipment was even available?  With cell phones, many of which now have cameras built into them, people are taking pictures of crimes as they occur.   This is also true for reporting crimes in areas that didn’t normally have phone access.\n\nSince you didn’t speak of which wireless technology you were referring to I can only assume you are talking about all wireless technology so I will discuss some others here.\n\nIn the last few years wireless networking for home computing has really taken off.  It has become much more affordable and easier to configure for the average person.  Now here is where it gets interesting.   Many new laptops have the ability for you to use a wireless networking adapter in them or with them.  Some cities, including mine in Anaheim California, are going to make the whole city wireless!   They are going to install wireless Internet transmitters all over Anaheim so everyone has a wireless connection to the Internet.  Even people visiting from out of town can use the wireless system but they have to pay a small access fee.   Can you imagine driving across the county someday and being able to access the Internet right from your car?\n\n\nLet us not forget that the first wireless technology started with the radio.  Man discovered radio in the late 1800’s.  Radio technology grew in bits and pieces but by the turn of the century wireless communications had been established.  All wireless routers and wireless Internet communication uses radio waves to send the data.\n\n\nLet us not forget RADAR.  RADAR is an acronym for Radio Detection and Ranging\nand helped us win the world war II.  One of the first uses of Microwave technology was used in RADAR in the world war II also.  Most households now use Microwaves to cook food with so radio waves also help us heat things\n\n\nWhat about television transmission?  Isn’t that also wireless?  Although many people now use cable (because they have paid for premium channels) television is a wireless technology.\n\nAnd others:\n\nRadio transponders to find lost aircraft (also a transponder)\nLo Jack stolen automobile retrieval device (also a transponder)\nNavigation\n\nRadio Frequency Identification (RFID) (also a transponder)\nRadio Frequency Identification is a way to remotely receive data from RFID tags or transponders.  They are used on toll roads and even at Mc Donald’s to buy lunch with a swipe of a small device.  They are used soo much that this needs to be researched all by itself.\n\nWhat all wireless technologies have in common is that they are all based on Radio waves.  All of things that I have mentioned are based on Radio technology \n\n\nP.S.  I usually don’t cut and paste and if I do I will say that, that is what I am doing and explain where that information came from.  I like to read information from multiple information sources then put that information together in my own words while keeping the article technically and factually correct.  And as always, I will point to web sites or other information to prove that my information is factual.
241096
Radio is controlled by The Man.
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http://www.argospress.com/Resources/CommunicationsSystems/yringtopolo.htm\nPlease Click the above link to know in detail.
1153318
1877 - Edison made the first recording of a human voice ("Mary had a little lamb") on the first tinfoil cylinder phonograph Dec. 6
1141875
When I was a sophmore taking physics we made radios.
445689
Radio shack has a book (about $20) that has every freq you could ever need in it , even your local #'s
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Before transistors, radio tubes were used in electronics.  These were extremely bulky and consumed a ton of energy.  Since space and energy are in short supply in space travel, the transistor made things a lot easier.
391317
The first true computer was invented in 1945, well up and running at the end of WWII and took up an entire room. The internet was inveted in 1966 by the US Army and emails were used then in one form or another called an AUTOVON line, phones are still used that way on military bases by the US worldwide.
1054034
The USSR's launch of Sputnik spurred the United States to create the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA, later known as the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) in February 1958 to regain a technological lead. ARPA created the Information Processing Technology Office (IPTO) to further the research of the Semi Automatic Ground Environment program, which had networked country-wide radar systems together for the first time. J. C. R. Licklider was selected to head the IPTO, and saw universal networking as a potential unifying human revolution. Licklider recruited Lawrence Roberts to head a project to implement a network, and Roberts based the technology on the work of Paul Baran who had written an exhaustive study for the U.S. Air Force that recommended packet switching (as opposed to Circuit switching) to make a network highly robust and survivable. After much work, the first node went live at UCLA on October 29, 1969 on what would be called the ARPANET, the "eve" network of today's Internet.\n\nThe first TCP/IP wide area network was operational by 1 January 1983 , when the United States' National Science Foundation (NSF) constructed a university network backbone that would later become the NSFNet. (This date is held by some to be technically that of the birth of the Internet.) It was then followed by the opening of the network to commercial interests in 1995. Important separate networks that offered gateways into, then later merged into the NSFNet include Usenet, Bitnet and the various commercial and educational X.25 Compuserve and JANET. Telenet (later called Sprintnet), was a large privately-funded national computer network with free dialup access in cities throughout the U.S. that had been in operation since the 1970s. This network eventually merged with the others in the 1990s as the TCP/IP protocol became increasingly popular. The ability of TCP/IP to work over these pre-existing communication networks allowed for a great ease of growth. Use of Internet as a phrase to describe a single global TCP/IP network originated around this time.\n\nThe network gained a public face in the 1990s. In August 1991 CERN, which straddles the border between France and Switzerland publicized the new World Wide Web project, two years after Tim Berners-Lee had begun creating HTML, HTTP and the first few web pages at CERN. In 1993 the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign released the Mosaic web browser version 1.0, and by late 1994 there was growing public interest in the previously academic/technical Internet. By 1996 the word "Internet" was common public currency, but it referred almost entirely to the World Wide Web.\n\nMeanwhile, over the course of the decade, the Internet successfully accommodated the majority of previously existing public computer networks (although some networks such as FidoNet have remained separate). This growth is often attributed to the lack of central administration, which allows organic growth of the network, as well as the non-proprietary open nature of the Internet protocols, which encourages vendor interoperability and prevents any one company from exerting too much control over the network.
115266
It was invented by J. A. Kammerdiner in 1940. Patent #2215044
53239
Tomlinson invented email in 1972.\n\nDigital modems developed from the need to transmit data for North American air defense during the 1950s. Modems were used to communicate data over the public switched telephone network or PSTN. Analog telephone circuits can only transmit signals that are within the frequency range of voice communication. A modem sends and recieves data between two computers. Modem stands for modulate/demodulate.\n\nIn 1962, the first commercial modem was manufactured - the Bell 103 by AT&T. The Bell 103 was also the first modem with full-duplex transmission, frequency-shift keying or FSK, and had a speed of 300 bits per second or 300 bauds.\n\nThe 56K modem was invented by Dr. Brent Townshend in 1996.\n\nHistory of Modems\nRobert Lucky invented the automatic adaptive equalizer in 1965 at Bell Laboratories.\n\nThe Man behind the Modems\nBrent Townshend, the man who dreamed up the idea for 56K bit/sec modems.\n\nDeveloper receives patent for PCM modems\nBrent Townshend, the Quebec-based developer who worked on several core concepts for pulse-code modulated (PCM) modems, received several U.S. patents for that technology.
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600 B.C. \n\nCheck out this site for more information: http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blmegaphone.htm
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Field Radio Operator.
1084781
Origins of the Internet\nThe first recorded description of the social interactions that could be enabled through networking was a series of memos written by J.C.R. Licklider of MIT in August 1962 discussing his "Galactic Network" concept. He envisioned a globally interconnected set of computers through which everyone could quickly access data and programs from any site. In spirit, the concept was very much like the Internet of today. Licklider was the first head of the computer research program at DARPA, 4 starting in October 1962. While at DARPA he convinced his successors at DARPA, Ivan Sutherland, Bob Taylor, and MIT researcher Lawrence G. Roberts, of the importance of this networking concept.\n\nLeonard Kleinrock at MIT published the first paper on packet switching theory in July 1961 and the first book on the subject in 1964. Kleinrock convinced Roberts of the theoretical feasibility of communications using packets rather than circuits, which was a major step along the path towards computer networking. The other key step was to make the computers talk together. To explore this, in 1965 working with Thomas Merrill, Roberts connected the TX-2 computer in Mass. to the Q-32 in California with a low speed dial-up telephone line creating the first (however small) wide-area computer network ever built. The result of this experiment was the realization that the time-shared computers could work well together, running programs and retrieving data as necessary on the remote machine, but that the circuit switched telephone system was totally inadequate for the job. Kleinrock's conviction of the need for packet switching was confirmed.\n\nIn late 1966 Roberts went to DARPA to develop the computer network concept and quickly put together his plan for the "ARPANET", publishing it in 1967. At the conference where he presented the paper, there was also a paper on a packet network concept from the UK by Donald Davies and Roger Scantlebury of NPL. Scantlebury told Roberts about the NPL work as well as that of Paul Baran and others at RAND. The RAND group had written a paper on packet switching networks for secure voice in the military in 1964. It happened that the work at MIT (1961-1967), at RAND (1962-1965), and at NPL (1964-1967) had all proceeded in parallel without any of the researchers knowing about the other work. The word "packet" was adopted from the work at NPL and the proposed line speed to be used in the ARPANET design was upgraded from 2.4 kbps to 50 kbps. 5\n\nIn August 1968, after Roberts and the DARPA funded community had refined the overall structure and specifications for the ARPANET, an RFQ was released by DARPA for the development of one of the key components, the packet switches called Interface Message Processors (IMP's). The RFQ was won in December 1968 by a group headed by Frank Heart at Bolt Beranek and Newman (BBN). As the BBN team worked on the IMP's with Bob Kahn playing a major role in the overall ARPANET architectural design, the network topology and economics were designed and optimized by Roberts working with Howard Frank and his team at Network Analysis Corporation, and the network measurement system was prepared by Kleinrock's team at UCLA. 6\n\nDue to Kleinrock's early development of packet switching theory and his focus on analysis, design and measurement, his Network Measurement Center at UCLA was selected to be the first node on the ARPANET. All this came together in September 1969 when BBN installed the first IMP at UCLA and the first host computer was connected. Doug Engelbart's project on "Augmentation of Human Intellect" (which included NLS, an early hypertext system) at Stanford Research Institute (SRI) provided a second node. SRI supported the Network Information Center, led by Elizabeth (Jake) Feinler and including functions such as maintaining tables of host name to address mapping as well as a directory of the RFC's. One month
554872
The USSR's launch of Sputnik spurred the U.S. to create the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) in February 1958 to regain a technological lead. DARPA created the Information Processing Technology Office to further the research of the Semi Automatic Ground Environment program, which had networked country-wide radar systems together for the first time. J. C. R. Licklider was selected to head the IPTO, and saw universal networking as a potential unifying human revolution. Licklider recruited Lawrence Roberts to head a project to implement a network, and Roberts based the technology on the work of Paul Baran who had written an exhaustive study for the U.S. Air Force that recommended packet switching to make a network highly robust and survivable. After much work, the first node went live at UCLA on October 29, 1969 on what would be called the ARPANET, the "eve" network of today's Internet. In December of 1970, Charles A. Petrik contacted the U.S. Navy and suggested that a special communications network, which the Department of Defense had built for use in the possiblitity of a nuclear attack, could also be used during peace time. Petrik convinced the military to connect the computers of the U.S. National Laboratories for scientific research purposes, and to allow these labs to get data to other labs faster, and safer.\n\nThe first TCP/IP wide area network was operational by 1 January 1983 , when the United States' National Science Foundation (NSF) constructed a university network backbone that would later become the NSFNet. (This date is held by some to be technically that of the birth of the Internet.) It was then followed by the opening of the network to commercial interests in 1995. Important separate networks that offered gateways into, then later merged into the NSFNet include Usenet, Bitnet and the various commercial and educational X.25 Compuserve and JANET. Telenet (later called Sprintnet), was a large privately-funded national computer network with free dialup access in cities throughout the U.S. that had been in operation since the 1970's. This network eventually merged with the others in the 90's as the TCP/IP protocol became increasingly popular. The ability of TCP/IP to work over these pre-existing communication networks allowed for a great ease of growth. Use of Internet as a phrase to describe a single global TCP/IP network originated around this time.\n\nThe network gained a public face in the 1990s. In August 1991 CERN, which straddles the border between France and Switzerland publicized the new World Wide Web project, two years after Tim Berners-Lee had begun creating HTML, HTTP and the first few web pages at CERN. In 1993 the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign released the Mosaic web browser version 1.0, and by late 1994 there was growing public interest in the previously academic/technical Internet. By 1996 the word "Internet" was common public currency, but it referred almost entirely to the World Wide Web.\n\nMeanwhile, over the course of the decade, the Internet successfully accommodated the majority of previously existing public computer networks (although some networks such as FidoNet have remained separate). This growth is often attributed to the lack of central administration, which allows organic growth of the network, as well as the non-proprietary open nature of the Internet protocols, which encourages vendor interoperability and prevents any one company from exerting too much control over the network.