in 1917 the germans resumed a policy of unrestrited submarine warfare in order to?
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In the note the Bernstorff announced a re-opened German policy of unrestricted submarine warfare (initially introduced and then rapidly abandoned in 1916 owing to U.S. protests), to take effect the day following the date of the note (i.e. 1 February 1917).  The German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg spoke before the Reichstag on the same day to explain the reasons for the policy.\n\nIn effect the policy set in place a blockade of Britain and her European allies, to be applied to belligerent and neutral shipping alike.  The German government argued that such a policy was implemented only as an aggressive form of defence.\n\nReaction to the policy was rapid; the Allied powers inevitably decried its aggression, as did the U.S. government, which broke off diplomatic relations on 3 February 1917.  On the same day President Woodrow Wilson appeared before Congress to announce his reasons, receiving virtually unanimous support in doing so.
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In 1916, Hindenburg and Ludendorf initiated "War Socialism" upon the German economy, because they felt they were being cheated by German industrialists who had successfully been able to find chemical replacements for the items kept out of Germany by the British blockade (ie-Ammonium to replace Nitrates for gunpowder, wood pulp to replace cotton for artillery wadding, etc). From that point on, German industry and German agriculture began a comprehensive effort to force the German government to rescind this order by pretending they could not fill any orders for war materials.\n\nEven though Germany posessed the coal fields of Silesia and the Ruhr, plus the Iron mines of Lorraine as well as sea access across the Baltic to Iron mines of Sweden, German industry made weapons only with the metals provided by the government by melting down church bells and only made bullets with the melted down lead from window panes and plumbing pipes. Even though Germany had conquered Rumania, Poland and Ukraine (which consituted over 80% of the pre-war agricultural imports to Germany), by 1918 almost half a million Germans had starved to death. The artillery had gone so long without new cannons that more often than not they ended up shelling their own positions. The Army bread was more sawdust than wheat.\n\nAs this sabotage from within continued, the soldiers in the Army became more dissatisfied and many deserted in the attempt to find work so their families would not lose their homes or go hungry. Whenever there was a protest against the war, the protestors were not jailed but inducted into the Army, where they became the seed for even more disillusion within the ranks.\n\nHitler was right and wrong. Germany was stabbed in the back but not by the Jews. Germany was stabbed in the back by the capitalists, who thirteen years later would conspire to end German democracy and install Hitler as their partner. This was the only partnership that Hitler, in the end, would honor completely.
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It wasn't just U-boat that were called "pig-boats", it was any submarine. During WWII, living conditions were not the greatest. The smells that would accumulate inside the hull would remind sailors of the smells from a pig farm.
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That is a huge question...It can be said to lead all the way back to the Treaty of Versailles ending WWI. \n\nTry this. It's concise. http://ehistory.osu.edu/wwii/timeline.cfm
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It started when archduke Ferdinand was assassinated by a anarchist.  The US joined in when the Germans sank the Lusitania.
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WWII was thought of Germany's "revenge" or rebirth after the shame it was brought due to the Treaty of Versailles. Germany was made to pay the countries it affected after the war and limit the number of military troops. Germany was not present during the discussion of the treaty and it felt wronged. Hitler used this is a spin to bring the Germans to rally behind him. WWI is actually considered the "unfinished war" and WWII was just a continuation.
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Russia had an imperial government before 1917 under the rule of leaders called Czars.
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Actually, due to the treaty of Versailles, post WWI Germany was susceptible to many forms of totalitarianism.  There were communist, socialist as well as the group that finally won out, the National Socialist.  While the Nazis sounds like a left leaning organization, they were in fact a right leaning fascist party.  In fact, the Germans had units fighting in Spain, during the Spanish Civil war fighting for Franco and his group.
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WW1 was from 1914 until November 11, 1918
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America got involved in World War I because of the sinking of the Lusitania and the Zimmerman telegram. (Germany asked Mexico to attack the US and Germany promised they could have Texas and California back!)
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1917, when Germany told Mexico to fight Americans
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War Guilt - This provision was unfair, because Germany was forced to accept full liability for World War I because it was the only one of the Central Powers large enough and economically powerful enough to pay for the war (while harsh the terms were not outside of Germany's ability to pay - see others of my answers for this aspect). Hitler was able to say that the November Criminals (the German government after the Kaiser had fled) had agreed to something dishonest and had betrayed Germany.\n\nReduction of German military - Germany was required to drastically reduce their military to 100,000 men and to give up fortifications, submarines and military airplanes. Hitler was able to say that Germany had been left defenseless in the face of Communism and Soviet Russia.\n\nPlebescites in Eastern Europe - Because the great empires of Russia, Austria-Hungary and Germany had collapsed and were in political turmoil, provisions were made for the League of Nations to administer plebescites (or elections) to determine which areas would be attached to which countries, but these were done unfairly, specifically the votes were held in areas where the population was unfavorable to union with Germany (like Bohemia), but not in areas that would be favorable to union with Germany (like the Sudetenland in Czechoslavakia). This allowed Hitler to say that populations of ethnic Germans were held captive in foreign lands and were ethnically being persecuted, which gave the excuse for creating a 'Greater Germany.'
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If this is about President Woodrow Wilson, then you're talking about how he acted toward World War 1 before the united states entered it. Wilson believed that the US could remain neutral, and not take part in it. However, german subs began sinking american ships, and British ships began capturing US vessels, which led to the US entering the war.
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there were a lot of contributions to the defeat of germany in WWI. a lot was more internal, like the German Revolution. the website talks about this and other events.
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Following WWI at the treaty of Versilles Germany was declared to pay reparations for the war even through it had no funds to do so and WWI in general was a pointless war and fault was mutual all around. This is important for two reasons. One it cemented in Hitlers head that Germany was a scapegoat and two it gave him a chance to gain power as Germany went into a deep inflation and he prommised to bring Germany out, but he did so by building a war machine for which had to be put to use to be, well for the lack of a better term useful and to sustain Germany's economy. I hope that answer does not rationalize Hitler as he was nuts. Secondly at the treaty the delegates gave part of the sudentland which was part of germany away and this gave Hitler valid fuel to state that the Germany's citizens were deprived of self determination and what country they were going to belong to. Also in an attempt to smooth over relations with Japan after Wilson did not want them to hold power within the league of naions as they were asian promised them the shantung penninsula which was part of china, again violating the self determination of peoples, but at the same time giving japan a strong foothold in resource rich china which was important to Japan's new capitalistic economy that was struggling to survive as the US was dominant in manchuria and pacific. In order to become more economically powerful the Japanese attacked pearl harbor in the hopes that the US fleet would be destroyed and therefore not able to defend its overseas interests and consequently gain more control over its economy.
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The Versailles Peace Treaty ending World War I was signed on June 28, 1919, about 7 months after the Armistice stopping the fighting on November 11, 1918. It was one of the mos important treaties of the 20th century. It had a huge impact on the international status of Germany, impacting the country territorially, militarily, and economically. Germany was made a pariah country and largely blamed for the start of the War. \n\n\nI. Open covenants of peace, openly arrived at, after which there shall be no private international understandings of any kind but diplomacy shall proceed always frankly and in the public view. \n\nII. Absolute freedom of navigation upon the seas, outside territorial waters, alike in peace and in war, except as the seas may be closed in whole or in part by international action for the enforcement of international covenants.\n\nIII. The removal, so far as possible, of all economic barriers and the establishment of an equality of trade conditions among all the nations consenting to the peace and associating themselves for its maintenance.\n\nIV. Adequate guarantees given and taken that national armaments will be reduced to the lowest point consistent with domestic safety.\n\nV. A free, open-minded, and absolutely impartial adjustment of all colonial claims, based upon a strict observance of the principle that in determining all such questions of sovereignty the interests of the populations concerned must have equal weight with the equitable claims of the government whose title is to be determined.\n\nVI. The evacuation of all Russian territory and such a settlement of all questions affecting Russia as will secure the best and freest cooperation of the other nations of the world in obtaining for her an unhampered and unembarrassed opportunity for the independent determination of her own political development and national policy and assure her of a sincere welcome into the society of free nations under institutions of her own choosing; and, more than a welcome, assistance also of every kind that she may need and may herself desire. The treatment accorded Russia by her sister nations in the months to come will be the acid test of their good will, of their comprehension of her needs as distinguished from their own interests, and of their intelligent and unselfish sympathy. \n\nVII. Belgium, the whole world will agree, must be evacuated and restored, without any attempt to limit the sovereignty which she enjoys in common with all other free nations. No other single act will serve as this will serve to restore confidence among the nations in the laws which they have themselves set and determined for the government of their relations with one another. Without this healing act the whole structure and validity of international law is forever impaired. \n\nVIII. All French territory should be freed and the invaded portions restored, and the wrong done to France by Prussia in 1871 in the matter of Alsace-Lorraine, which has unsettled the peace of the world for nearly fifty years, should be righted, in order that peace may once more be made secure in the interest of all. \n\nIX. A readjustment of the frontiers of Italy should be effected along clearly recognizable lines of nationality.\n\nX. The peoples of Austria-Hungary, whose place among the nations we wish to see safeguarded and assured, should be accorded the freest opportunity to autonomous development. \n\nXI. Rumania, Serbia, and Montenegro should be evacuated; occupied territories restored; Serbia accorded free and secure access to the sea; and the relations of the several Balkan states to one another determined by friendly counsel along historically established lines of allegiance and nationality; and international guarantees of the political and economic independence and territorial integrity of the several Balkan states should be entered into. \n\nXII. The Turkish portion of the present Ottoman Empire should be assured a secure sovereignty, but the other nat
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Sussex pledge\n\nThe Sussex pledge was a promise made in 1916 during World War I by Germany to the United States prior to the latter's entry into the war. Germany had been carrying out unrestricted submarine warfare, indiscriminately attacking any non-German vessel using their U-boats, hindering Allied trade. In the process, a French passenger ship, the Sussex, was fired upon. After this incident, President Woodrow Wilson threatened that if Germany were to continue this practice, the United States would break diplomatic relations with Germany. Fearing the entry of the United States into World War I, Germany attempted to appease the United States by issuing the Sussex pledge, which promised a change in Germany’s naval warfare policy.