Who was the first scientist to discover Emphysema?
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Familial emphysema discovered by James Jackson, Jr.
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WHAT IS EMPHYSEMA?\n\nEmphysema is a condition in which the walls between the alveoli or air sacs within the lung lose their ability to stretch and recoil. The air sacs become weakened and break.  Elasticity of the lung tissue is lost, causing air to be trapped in the air sacs and impairing the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Also, the support of the airways is lost, allowing for airflow obstruction.\n\n  \nEarly symptoms include shortness of breath and cough.  \nSymptoms of emphysema include shortness of breath, cough and a limited exercise tolerance. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis frequently co-exist together to comprise chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD does not include other obstructive lung diseases such as asthma.\n\nI'm a Respiratory Therapist. If you have more questions, please feel free to email me @ mike.marlow@yahoo.com
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Through the discovery of nitroglycerin by two guys. \n\nNobel began experimenting with it until freak accident at a laboratory where he was working with nitroglycerin an explosion occurred, killing 6 including his brother.
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Well, it was not known in Europe until after the discovery of America. There explorers encountered tobacco and the odd sight of people with smoke coming out of their mouths and noses.
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air is moved into the lungs
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The word asthma is derived from the Greek aazein, meaning “sharp breath.” The word first appears in Homer's Iliad;[2] Hippocrates was the first to use it in reference to the medical condition. Hippocrates thought that the spasms associated with asthma were more likely to occur in tailors, anglers, and metalworkers. Six centuries later, Galen wrote much about asthma, noting that it was caused by partial or complete bronchial obstruction. Moses Maimonides, an influential medieval rabbi, philosopher, and physician, wrote a treatise on asthma, describing its prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.[3] In the 17th century, Bernardino Ramazzini noted a connection between asthma and organic dust. The use of bronchodilators started in 1901, but it was not until the 1960s that the inflammatory component of asthma was recognized, and anti-inflammatory medications were added to the regimen.\n\n"It was Hippocrates (460-357 BC), the Greek physician, who first described asthma and its resulting 'spasms'. Galen (130-201 BC), a Greco-Roman doctor, discovered that asthma was due to bronchial obstruction. He treated it with owl's blood in wine.\n\n"Italian physician Bernardino Ramazzini described a link between his patient's asthma and their jobs as far back as the early 1900s.\n\n"Until the late 1800s, the most popular method of delivering asthma medication into the lungs was smoke.\n\n"In 1864, Dr.Henry Hyde Salter identified animal dander as an asthma trigger.\n\n"In 1901, a Japanese scientist, Jokici Takamine, purifies adrenaline, found in the suprarenal glands of sheep (discovered in 1898) and develops the first effective bronchodilator.\n\n"In the 1960s, asthma researchers discovered that asthma is an inflammatory disease, not just constriction of the airways, and that asthma sufferers have a sensitive immune system which reacts to airborne allergens. The first inhaled anti-inflammatory medication is born.\n\n"In 1972, inhaled corticosteroids hit the market."\n\n- Fraser Health
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Pasteur, he was a virologist who not only invented pastuerization but discovered many things about bacteria that are still in use today.  Google him.
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Inventions that aid and protect the ability to breath where gas, smoke or other poisonous fumes exist, occurred before 1915 and the first use of modern chemical weapons. Modern chemical warfare began in Ypres, France; when German soldiers first used chlorine gas on April 22, 1915, to attack the French. Long before that date, miners, firemen, and underwater divers all had a need for helmets that could provide breathable air, and the early prototypes for gas masks were developed to meet those needs.  \n\nIn 1823, brothers, John and Charles Deane patented a smoke protecting apparatus for firemen that was later modified for underwater divers. Augustus Siebe marketed an early diving suit in 1819. Siebe's suit included a helmet to which air was pumped via a tube to the helmet and spent air escaped from another tube. The inventor founded Siebe, Gorman and Co., a company that developed and manufactured respirators for a variety of purposes that was later instrumental in developing defense respirators. \n\nIn 1849, Lewis P. Haslett patented an "Inhaler or Lung Protector," the first U.S. patent (#6529) issued for an air purifying respirator. Haslett's device filtered dust from the air. In 1854, Scottish chemist John Stenhouse invented a simple mask that used charcoal to filter noxious gases. \n\nIn 1860, Frenchmen, Benoit Rouquayrol and Auguste Denayrouse invented the Résevoir-Régulateur, intended for use in rescuing miners in flooded mines, the Résevoir-Régulateur could be used underwater. The device was made up of a nose clip, and a mouthpiece attached to an air tank that the rescue worker carried on his back.  \n\nIn 1871, British physicist John Tyndall invented a fireman's respirator that filtered air against smoke and gas. In 1874, British inventor, Samuel Barton patented a device that "permitted respiration in places where the atmosphere is charged with noxious gases, or vapors, smoke, or other impurities" according to U.S. patent #148868. \n\nAmerican, Garrett Morgan patented the Morgan safety hood and smoke protector in 1914. Two years later, Garrett Morgan made national news when his gas mask was used to rescue 32 men trapped during an explosion in an underground tunnel 250 feet beneath Lake Erie. The publicity sold the safety hood to firehouses across the United States. Some historians site the Morgan design as the basis for early U.S. army gas masks used during WW1, others do not. \n\nEarly air filters include simple devices such as a soaked handkerchief held over the nose and mouth. Those devices evolved into various hoods worn over the head and soaked with protective chemicals, goggles for the eyes and later filters drums were added.  \n\nThe British built a carbon monoxide respirator for use during WW1 in February 1915, before the first use of chemical gas weapons. It was discovered that unexploded enemy shells gave off high enough levels of carbon monoxide to kill soldiers in the trenches, foxholes, and other contained environments. Similar, to the dangers of the exhaust from a car with its engine turned on in an enclosed garage.  \n\nCanadian, Cluny Macpherson designed a fabric 'smoke helmet' with a single exhaling tube, impregnated with chemical sorbents to defeat the airborne chlorine used in the gas attacks. Macpherson's designs were used and modified by allied forces and are considered the first to be used to protect against chemical weapons.  \n\nIn 1916, the Germans added larger air filter drums to their respirators containing gas neutralize chemicals. The allies soon added filter drums to their respirators as well. One of the most notable gas masks used during WW1 was the British Small Box Respirator or SBR designed in 1916. The SBR was probably the most reliable and heavily used gas masks used during WW1.
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Actually when pure oxygen was first produced among tests of flammability somebody decided to put an animal in an enclosure with pure oxygen.  I think it was a mouse.  They observed that the mouse lived significantly longer in pure 02 than in normal air.
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He invented a "photophone", the predecessor to our fiber optics.  It was a way to transmit information, in the form of sound, over light. In addition, he invented a vacuum jacket that would eventually become the iron lung used in polio cases in the 50s.  He also pioneered into the area of desalinization, "alternative energies" and recycling.  He also invented the concept of metal detectors, using an inductive pickup coil.
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He was a chemist who discovered guncotton and ozone.  I'm sure Wiki would have an entry on him, and maybe some actual refrences
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What do you want to know?  He is considered the father of experimental chemistry.  He is credited with describing the Law of Conservation of Mass.
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He established precise and accurate measurements of the densities of oxygen and hydrogen. Also, he was involved in the Michelson-Morley experiment. See the site below for more information on the experiment.
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Well, I don't think it was discovered, but rather developed (or invented)... here's a quote:\n\nPrior to 1930, all microscopes were optical. In 1931, German physicist Ernst Ruska developed the electron microscope that used a beam of moving electronics to illuminate an object instead of light. Magnetic lenses or electric coils produce magnetic fields to deflect the electrons in the same manner that glass lenses bend light rays. The specimen has to be in a vacuum, however, because electrons cannot travel through air. Electron microscopes give point-to-point resolutions of less than 0.2 nanometers. This high resolution permits the direct visualization of many molecules and some atoms.
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He was the first to come up with a good system of classifying all life on earth. His system, with variations, is still in wide use today. \n\nVery Important Person to scientists!
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Joseph Priestley, a chemist and minister, discovered that when he isolated a volume of air under an inverted jar, and burned a candle in it, the candle would burn out very quickly, much before it ran out of wax. He further discovered that a mouse could similarly "injure" air. He then showed that the air that had been "injured" by the candle and the mouse could be restored by a plant. In 1778, Jan Ingenhousz, court physician to the Austrian Empress, repeated Priestley's experiments. He discovered that it was the influence of sun and light on the plant that could cause it to rescue a mouse in a matter of hours. In 1796, Jean Senebier, a French pastor, showed that CO2 was the "fixed" or "injured" air and that it was taken up by plants in photosynthesis. Soon afterwards, Theodore de Saussure showed that the increase in mass of the plant as it grows could not be due only to uptake of CO2, but also to the incorporation of water.
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The first person I thought of was Gregor Mendel, but everyone already pretty much knew that plants were alive already, he just showed that they have genetics.