What was the French Judicial System like in the 16th century?
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If you were found guilty they cut your head off. They ended the royals in that fashion, as well as heritics and regilous people they didn't like.
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The fashion for wigs began with the Bourbon kings of France. Louis XIII (1601 - 1643) went prematurely bald and took to wearing a wig. By the middle of the century, and especially during the reign of Louis XIV, The Sun King, wigs were virtually obligatory for all European nobility and 'persons of quality'.\n\nAt that time they were known in England as periwigs, which was shortened to wig by 1675.\n\nWigs were expensive to purchase and to keep in condition and were the preserve of the powerful and wealthy. Ostentation was the order of the day in Bourbon France and over time the wigs became bigger, often to the point of absurdity and requiring of scaffolding.\n\nIt isn't difficult to imagine how the term 'big-wig' emerged to refer to the rich and powerful.\n\nThe first record of this in print that I've found is G. Selwyn's 1781 'Letters in 15th Rep. Hist. MSS. Commission':\n\n"A new point of discussion for the lawyers, for our big wigs, for their Lordships."\n\nThis makes explicit the use of the term in relation to the British judiciary, who wore wigs in court - then and now.
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Corpus Juris Civilis [Latin, The body of the civil law.] The name given in the early seventeenth century to the collection of civil law based upon the compilation and codification of the Roman system of jurisprudence directed by the Emperor Justinian I during the years from 528 to 534 a.d.
301930
In Northern Europe, especially France, there was a strong gothic movement before the country entered the renaissance phase. It was Queen Catherine DeMedici who brought the renaissance to France. She was Italian and married a French king, and brought her culture to France. So the renaissance started later in northern Europe than in Italy.
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http://themiddleages.tripod.com/feudal_system.htm  --very good\n\nhttp://www.learner.org/exhibits/middleages/feudal.html\n\nhttp://search.yahoo.com/search?ei=utf-8&fr=slv8-\nmsgr&p=feudal%20system\n\nhttp://www.historyonthenet.com/Medieval_Life/feudalism.htm\n\nGood luck & happy learning!
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The American Court System is an offshoot of Englands. However, we made some important changes. For example in England there were two differant sets of rules and law for those who were Aristocrates and those who were not. We saw this as inherently unfair. We changed it to make everybody equal under the law. Well we are trying to do this. \n\nWe also made laws which resulted in the Miranda Rights. To be free of arrest without basis or warrent, to be allowed an attorney, to be allowed to not incriminate ourselves, to be allowed an attorney, to be free from abusive and undully long interogation, etc. We are read these rights when arrested and if they are not read what we say can not be held against us and usually result in cases getting thrown out of court. The police are very carefull to read individuals these rights.\n\nI will not go into how these can be abused as well. Any Justice System will not be perfect. For example: While we are provided an attorney if we can not afford one, that attorney probably does not have the ability to give as good a defense as one we pay for ourselves. This is due to how overworked public defenders are, The fact they are paid from the same source as the prosocution, and have much more limited resources to defend us with.\n\nThere is a much higher rate of the poor going to jail than those who are more financial able to attain the best defense possibe.\n\nDid you know that an innocent person can be bankrupt durring a trail? That if found innocent or not guilty they do not receive a refund of their attorney costs? I find this wrong. I understand it would be difficult to refund every persons attorney fees if not found quilty. But if it was a requirment then less hasty arrests would occurr as police made double sure they had a good case. It would benifit our justice system if this were a requirement as less arrests without real probable cause would occurr and people who were innocent would not unfairly lose all their money just defending against wrongfully brought charges. We would also be much more inclined to get back to the belief of "innocent untill proven guilty" instead of the current trend of "guily untill proven innocent".\n\nWhile in theory we are considered innocent untill proven guilty, those who get arrested are really assummed to be guilty or they would not have been arrested in the first place. While this is simply untrue, basically this is what society and the press believes now.\n\nI kind of got off track here, sorry. I really do belive our justice system is better than most in the world. Like I said earlier, no justice system can be perfect.\n\nWe took much of our justice system from the "common law" of England. From there we "improved" upon it, untill we are where we are today. Hope this helps in some small way.
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Amboise, conspiracy of, 1560, plot of the Huguenots (French Protestants) and the house of Bourbon to usurp the power of the Guise family, which virtually ruled France during the reign of the young Francis II. The plan, presumably worked out by Louis I de Bourbon, prince de Condé, provided for a march on the castle of Amboise, the abduction of King Francis II, and the arrest of François, duc de Guise, and his brother Charles, cardinal of Lorraine. The cardinal was forewarned, and the rebels, beaten before they had united their forces, were ruthlessly massacred. For weeks the bodies of hundreds of conspirators were hanging from the castle and from every tree in the vicinity. The Huguenots were enraged. A brief period of conciliation followed under the chancellorship of Michel de L'Hôpital, appointed by the king's mother, Catherine de' Medici. He temporarily halted Protestant persecution until the outbreak (1562) of the Wars of Religion.
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1. Dictatorship (depends on the context)\nhttp://www.geocities.com/way_leroy/CUNAPolSci201PartTwoC.html\n-or-\nDivine-right theory\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divine_right_theory\n\n2.Palace of Versailles\nhttp://www.royalty.nu/Europe/France/LouisXIV.html\nhttp://www.chateauversailles.fr/en/210_Louis_XIV_the_Sun_King.php
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It wasn't the first.  I know the Permanent Court of International Justice was set up in the 1920's.  That is the first that I am aware of.
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Also the renaissance was in the "A.D.s" Although I have no idea what the "5 laws" are supposed to be. Presumably it has something to do with the Vatican.\n\nI'm not sure if this will help, but I have included a couple pages with the history of 15th century Rome
1021817
He was the ruler of France
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When you ask that question, I think of the US court system. It's complex and independent, but necessary.
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The Hundred Years' War is the name modern historians have given to what was a series of related conflicts, fought over a 116-year period, between England and France, and later Burgundy; beginning in 1337, and ending in 1453.
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It depends on what class you belonged to and where you lived. There was a rigid class system, though the middle class gained a new prominence. Britain didn't have a welfare system back then, so there were lots of poor people living in slums in major cities like London. The poor often had to go to workhouses, or if they were lucky, they were sometimes employed as household servants. Alcoholism was rampant in the slums. Women were sometimes forced to take up prostitution in order to buy booze and to survive. There was a high infant mortality rate among the poor.\n\nThis is a very loaded question, but I hope I gave some helpful information.
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Here is the list since the 1600s
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Depends on the Church.  Even in those days, there were people with open minds who were drawn together, but if you were not in the majority religion of the time and place you lived in and you were vocal about your dissention, you could have been imprisoned, tortured and even put to death.\n\nYou asked if 400 years ago if you could have been imprisoned.  Well, the Spanish Inquisition was only 600 years ago and many people died.  Read more about it at the first link below: \n\n400 years ago was 1606 and in those days they were still burning, drowning and hanging witches in a number of countries. In Catalonia, more than 300 witches hanged between 1616 and 1619.  (See second link)\n\nSo, speaking out against the current organized religion of the area could get you tossed in with others.
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The Feudal system is where you have Lords/Ladies who own large tracts of land.  The serfs (or peasants) who live on the land participate is share cropping, where they grow crops on the lord's land and pay him to do so with part of their crop.  The Lord inturn pays money to the King/Queen.  It was hard if not impossible for a serf to move up in the caste system and they couldn't move to another lord's land because they usually stayed indebt to their lord.