I don't understand polar and nonpolar molecules.Is NaOH polar, nonpolar, or ionic?
486231
NaOH is ionic.\n\nAll has to do with electronegativity and the difference between the two species bonded to each other.  If the electronegativity difference is less than 0.5, the bond is considered to be fairly non-polar.  Between 0.5 and 1.5 is usually a polar bond, greater than 1.5 usually means that there will be charge separation and the bond will be ionic.\n\nFor either polar or non-polar bonds, you need to know the geometry of the molecule and determine whether the sum of the individual dipoles in the molecule will cancel (vector sum).  If they do, the molecule is non-polar.  If they don't, it is.  For instance, water is polar as its polar bonds do not cancel geometrically, but CH4 is non-polar, even though each of its bonds is polar.
212143
polar...water molecules "stick" to each other so to speak...
799054
Consider a primary alcohol that has a structure like C--OH\n\nthen consider a tertiary alcohol that has a structure similar to \n          CH3\n           |\nH3C--C--OH\n           |\n          CH3\n\nIn a primary alcohol such as the one shown above, the distribution of charge is relatively polar due to the presence of only one other carbon atom with one very electronegative oxygen atom. In a tertiary alcohol, there are four carbon atoms versus only one electronegative oxygen atom. Therefore, in the tertiary carbon, the polarity is greatly less because the polarity is balanced by the presence of so many carbon atoms around the molecule.
589096
Polar molecules, such as water molecules, have a weak, partial negative charge at one region of the molecule (the oxygen atom in water) and a partial positive charge elsewhere (the hydrogen atoms in water). \n\nThus when water molecules are close together, their positive and negative regions are attracted to the oppositely-charged regions of nearby molecules. The force of attraction is called a hydrogen bond.
786962
If the molecule has O,N,F,or Cl then most likely it is polar.  Look at the periodic chart and remember that the elements in the upper right are the most electronegative, so they want electrons.  When these elements are in a compound with other atoms such as C and H they will pull electrons closer making a dipole moment.  \n\nThe only real trick is looking at the geometry of the molecule, if there is more than one electronegative atom pulling in opposite directions then the dipole is canceld.  Such as O=C=O which is liniar.\n\nLook at an electronegativity chart you will see what I mean
68034
Na = Sodium\nO = Oxygen\nH = Hydrogen\n\nThe -OH group in this case is a hydroxide.  Therefore, NaOH is Sodium Hydroxide.  The (aq) stands for "aqueous".  When something is "aqueous" it is in water or it has water molecules attached.  Anhydrous means without water.  To explain this, let's look at ammonia.\n\nNH3 is anhydrous ammonia.  This means that there are no water molecules associated with this ammonia molecule.  \n\nNH4-OH, on the other hand, is aqueous ammonia (ammonia (aq)).  This means there is a water molecule associated with the ammonia molecule.\n\nI hope this helps.\n\n--Jim
43551
Most professional papers that I read refer to it as just water ion (in its charged form).  This a water molecule with an over-all positive charge.  I do not believe that its structure is known, but I could be wrong about this.\nSee example reference below:
464975
If you mean NaCl (letter L at the end instead of number one), then, yes, sodium chloride is an ionic compound. In solid form it is NaCl(s), commonly known as table salt.\n\nIn case you're wondering, the formula NaCl is actually considered a "formula unit" rather than a "molecule." In solid form, ionic compounds are 3-D matrices of ions. But when dissolved or solvated in water, the ions become free floating Na+ and Cl- ions rather than individual NaCl units. A formula unit simply shows the lowest whole-number ratio of cations (positively charged ions) to anions (negatively charged ions) given by the formula. Sodium chloride's cation to anion ratio is one sodium cation Na+ per chloride anion Cl-, or 1 to 1.\n\nBy way of contrast, the formula H2O (for water) represents a molecule, because each molecule of water is a distinct unit.
957540
You have three types of bonds (essentially)\n\nYou have ionic, non polar covalent, and polar covalent.  Each has a strength in bonding.\n\nIonic is the strongest.  These will have the highest melting points (just try to melt salt for instance).  The non polar covalent bonds tend to be liquids or gases at room temperature (very low melting points).  Examples of these would be Methane , Benzene, ethane etc.\n\nPolar covalent bonds have a stronger pull on the electrons and therefore tend to be higher in melting point than non polar and lower than ionic.
532583
benzioc acid in its neutral form is non-polar. So you cannot separate it from ether (also non-polar). you want to make benzoic acid polar by deprotonating it so you can separate it from ether.\n\nsodium bicarbonate is a weak base, so it would deprotonate the acidic hydrogen on benzoic acid and makes it polar. However, since sodium bicarbonate is a weak base, it does not deprotonate the benzoic acid very efficiently. To do that, you can you sodium hydroxide, which is a much stronger base and can deprotonoate benzoic acid almost completely. so sodium hydroxide is a better choice.
769822
A polar molecule usually contains polar bonds - bonds which have unequal sharing of electrons between the two atoms involved in bonding. Examples are salts, acids and bases. A non-polar compound usually contains non-polar bonds - bonds which have identical or similar sharing of electrons. Examples are oils and hydrocarbons.\n\nCitric acid is polar.
633870
this is because water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen. oxygen is significantly more electronegative than hydrogen (basically it is better at attracting electrons) and this means that in water oxygen has a small - charge (because electrons are negative) and hydrogen has a slight + charge. now we know why the bonds are polar the reason that the molecule is polar is because water is a bent molecule and therefore the bond polarities do not cancel each other out leading to a polar molecule.
926599
There is a mnemonic to easily remember the basic tenet of solubility: "Like dissolves like.." Salt, NaCl, is an ionic compound. Water is a polar compound. That is why water dissolves salt, becuase they could both be considered polar, they have a positive and negative end. Butanol is non-polar. That is why it dissolves napthalene, which is also non-polar, better than water.
872390
ions are polar, so they don't mix with the non-polar lipid bilayer. there are protein channels for their transportation, and pumps and all that..
54989
Because as a neutral atom, it is not polar, and water is a polar solvent.  Sulfur is more soluble in nonpolar solvents like hexane or benzene.
554160
A molecule is polar when it has a dipole moment that does not cancel out. For example, consider the molecule CH4 (methane) which is nonpolar. It has a carbon atom bonded to 4 hydrogen atoms. Bonding is the overlap of the electron density. So you have an electron from a hydrogen and an electron from the carbon forming each of the bonds. Carbon is just very slightly more electronegative (tendency of pulling electrons closer to itself) than hydrogen. This means that the electrons are pulled by carbon away from hydrogen, but not by much (the difference is very very small). This shifting of electron density allows for the carbon to be slightly more negatively charged and hydrogen slightly electron deficient. This makes the C-H bond just slightly polar. However, because there are 4 hydrogen atoms that are bonded to the carbon, this bond polarity cancels each other out...meaning that the bonds are slightly polar, but the overall molecule is nonpolar. \n\nTo determine if the bonds are polar you just have to know the electronegativity differences. To know if a molecule is polar, you must know the correct geometry. Since electrons are negatively charged and repel each other, they want to be as far away from each other as possible. If you have a carbon bonded to 4 hydrogens, you will have a tetrahedral geometry with the hydrogens 109.5 degrees apart from each other creating the best possible arrangement. Also, if you have a lone pair of electrons, then the molecule will always be polar because of that charge separation.
695062
ok listen if u have a compound formed by 2 atoms u take the electronegativity of the second atom and u substract the electronegativity of the first one if the number that u get is between 0 and 0.3 its non polar covalent if its 0.4-1.7 then its polar covalent and if its 1.7 or more than it is ionic