The theory that electromagnetism is made up of both energy and sub-atomic particles is called the what?
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It's quantum electro dynamics - QED for short
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Inside an atoms are electrons and a nucleus. The nucleus is made of protons and neutrons. The protons and neutrons are made out of things called quarks. As far as we know, quarks and electrons are fundamental, meaning they are not made out of anything smaller. There are several types of quark and under certain circumstances, they can convert from one type into another.
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Photons are produced by atoms when a bound electron moves from one orbital to another orbital with less energy. Photons can also be emitted by an unstable nucleus when it undergoes some types of nuclear decay. Furthermore, photons are produced whenever charged particles are accelerated.\n\nIn physics, the photon (from Greek φως, "phōs", meaning light) is the quantum of the electromagnetic field, for instance light. The term photon was coined by Gilbert Lewis in 1926.\n\n \nThe photon can be perceived as a wave or a particle, depending on how it is measuredThe photon is one of the elementary particles. Its interactions with electrons and atomic nuclei account for a great many of the features of matter, such as the existence and stability of atoms, molecules, and solids. These interactions are studied in quantum electrodynamics (QED), which is the oldest part of the Standard Model of particle physics.\n\nIn some respects a photon acts as a particle, for instance when registered by the light sensitive device in a camera. In other respects, a photon acts like a wave, as when passing through the optics in a camera. According to the so-called wave-particle duality in quantum physics, it is natural for the photon to display either aspect of its nature, according to the circumstances. Normally, light is formed from a large number of photons, with the intensity related to the number of them. At low intensity, it requires very sensitive instruments, used in astronomy or spectroscopy, for instance, to detect the individual photons.\n\nPhotons are commonly associated with visible light, but this is actually only a very limited part of the electromagnetic spectrum. All electromagnetic radiation is quantized as photons: that is, the smallest amount of electromagnetic radiation that can exist is one photon, whatever its wavelength, frequency, energy, or momentum. Photons are fundamental particles. They can be created and destroyed when interacting with other particles, but are not known to decay on their own.\n\nPhotons have zero mass and zero electric charge, but they do carry energy, momentum and angular momentum. Photons are always moving, and photons in a vacuum always move at the vacuum speed of light with respect to all observers, even when those observers are themselves moving. The energy and momentum carried by a photon is proportional to its frequency (or inversely proportional to its wavelength). This momentum can be transferred when a photon collides with matter. The force due to a large number of photons falling on a surface is known as radiation pressure, which may be used for propulsion with a solar sail.\n\nThe actual upper limit of the photon rest mass compatible with observations depends on additional assumptions. A conservative consensus limit of the Particle Data Group is 6×10-17 eV based on changes in magnetohydrodynamics which would contradict solar wind observations.\n\nPhotons are deflected by a gravitational field twice as much as Newtonian mechanics predicts for a mass traveling at the speed of light with the same momentum as the photon. This observation is commonly cited as evidence supporting Einstein's theory of gravitation, general relativity. In general relativity, photons always travel in a "straight" line, after taking into account the curvature of spacetime. (In curved space, such lines are called geodesics).
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I think nobody answer this.\n\nYou must to read the Jackson Book about electromagnetism to this or the Born book.\n\nDo it!!!!
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Electromagnetic is a term that refers to electric and magnetic fields.  Since they are actually one and the same thing, they are collectively called electromagnetic.
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In practice most of these branches of physics employ both theorists and experimentalists. Occasionally an individual wears both hats.\n\nCondensed Matter Physics \nThis is the study of matter when there are large numbers of particles in close proximity. Ordinary solids are the most common example. This research lead to the first transistor and to today's high capacity storage media. But the field also includes many esoteric forms of matter, from Nutronium (the substance of neutron stars) to matter confined to one or two dimensions. Recent work has produced samples numbering in the tens of thousands of atoms that all behave according to a single wave function (the atoms have lost their individual identities). These collections are called Bose-Einstein Condensates (BEC) and form a new category of matter. \nAtomic and Molecular Physics \nIndividual atoms or small groups of atoms are the focus in this field. Some researches use single trapped atoms to make extremely precise measurements to confirm theories about Quantum Mechanics or Relativity. Others are exploring the interaction between atoms (or molecules) or the interaction between light and atoms. Lasers and laser physics are an important part of this research area. \nNuclear Physics \nAs the name implies, this field examines the nucleus of the atom. While the composition of the nucleus is understood for all atoms and their isotopes, the arrangements and interactions of the nuclear constituents is still a rich field of study. Nuclear physics includes the fission and fusion reactions that provide nuclear power, as well as the nuclear synthesis process that fuels the sun and other stars. \nHigh Energy Particle Physics \nThis is where the theories about the fundamental structure of nature are devised. They are then tested at high energy accelerator laboratories and in the study of cosmic rays. Theories about the smallest particles and the largest structures in our universe have become linked by the Big Bang Theory. Many High Energy Physicists also do work in Cosmology. \nMathematical Physics \nHistorically physics and mathematics grew up together, each field pushing the other into new realms. The mathematical physicist works on the border between math and physics to help us find a rigorous description of nature. Some of the most subtle and profound ideas in physics were created here. \nPhysics Education Research \nThis is a relatively new field in physics departments. The practitioners are physicists who observe students learning physics and examine the difficulties encountered. Their work is changing the face of the college physics course nationwide. \nInterdisciplinary research \nA growing number of departments support degree candidates who want to straddle two disciplines in their research. Topics like these at UIUC are indicative of the programs available. Here again your best search strategy is to visit the graduate programs, select a particular physics department, and search that site for research topics.
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Hey its very simple. It follows einstein's emergy mass relation viz. E=mc^2. Though photon is a massless particle but\nit has energy given by E=hv, v being the frequency. So the a part of photon's energy may be converted into mass and can give rise to massive charged particles like proton,electron etc. It can be understood from following equation:\n   E(photon) = m1*c^2 +m2*c^2 + 0.5*(m1*v1^2+m2*v2^2)\nIts notewrthy that the particles always appear in pair s.t. the two in a pair are of equal and opposite charges thus conserving the total charge.
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Atoms are in turn made of electrons, neutrons and protons, magnetism holds them together:  Electrons carry a positive charge, protons have a negative charge, and neutrons are...neutral.  Electrons orbit protons and neutrons the way Earth orbits the sun.  The theory expands to quarks, and even smaller unit.  Read up on it!\n\nOrigin so far is explained in the Big Bang theory. \n\nScience doesn't have all the answers yet, but thats why people become scientists, so many fascinating mysteries to figure out.
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Electromagnetism is the what allows information contained in electric circuits to actually leave the circuits. Althought he technique by which the information (electric signal) actually leaves the circuit is quite complicated, suffice it to say, that using an antenna, this information can be allowed to travel through air.\nCo-incidentally, even light happens to be an electromagntetic wave. So, you can say that human beings owe their vision to electromagnetism.\n\nMircowaves - an electromagnetic phenomenon allow you to exhange information with satellites, besides of course, allowing you to cook food.\n\nThink about it! Radio, Mobile phone communication etc. all owes its existence to electromagnetism.\n\nThis is course is with respect to electromagnetic wave phenomeona. When you actually think about the fact that one can create artificial magnetics using electric current, the possibilities are limitless
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1. Percentage is a ratio between two numbers times 100. Usually it is a part divided by a whole. To find a percentage we need both of these numbers. So the answer to your question I need to know which is the “non scientists who have no real clue of what electromagnetic pure energy is” and the other number to compute or even estimate the percentage.\n2. How does one compute purity of electromagnetic energy I have no clue and I pretended to work as a scientist for the past 20 years.\n3. And finally I have no firm idea about what gravity is and frankly what is pure energy. How ever I do know that if we have electrical charge in motion it will generate a magnetic field and magnetic field in motion will force electric charge to move. It seems that electricity and magnetism are products of the same electromagnetic phenomena.\n4. As far as gravity is concerned I do not know how exactly it relates to electromagnetism. Theory of relativity may provide some insight and there we may encounter some pure energy. \n\nI hope it was helpful.
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ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY is ENERGY coming from the POLARIZEd motion of ELECTRONs, but i don't think LIGHT is ELECTROMAGNETic ENERGY. For me, LIGHT is a FORM of QUANTUM ENERGY.
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Yes, hence the reason it is refered to as the THEORY of evolution. \nSo, your point is???  Do you know that the THEORY of relativity (E=MC^2) explains why nuclear reactions take place.  Perhaps we should stop believing in electricity next.
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That is a very good question. We currently do not know definitively the answer to this question. Thousands of years ago, the Greeks believed that all matter were composed of some indivisble units called "atoms". This was irrefutably proven by Einstein at the turn of the 20th century (and he received a Nobel Prize for it). However, as we probe further, we discovered that even atoms has internal structure: protons, neutrons and electrons. For awhile we thought that was it, but then later we found that protons and neutrons were also made of more fundamental particles called quarks (now confirmed by experiements).\n\nSo is this it? Quarks is the final indivisible unit? It turns out that it is most likely not the case. The reason is not that we have discovered anything smaller than quarks. The reason is because our 2 current theories of the physical world, quantum mechanics and theory of general relativity, are not compatible with each other. What this means is that these 2 theories are not completely correct. They are good for most situations, but they can not explain objects like black holes or explain the big bang (the beginning of the universe). There are other things that these 2 theories can't explain, but I won't go into that right now.\n\nThese serious flaws has been the mother of all physics problems for the most of the 20th century. The Holy Grail of modern physics is to find a single theory that can combine the 2 theories together and explain all physical phenonmenons. So far we have one candidate: Superstring Theory.\n\nSo in our effort to solve this problem, we created String Theory, which tells us that quarks are not the fundamental building blocks of matter, but tiny filaments of vibrating energy called Strings. They are much much smaller than quarks. Quarks are estimated to be about to 10^-16 centimeters, but strings are around 10^-33 centimeters. So is this it? We really don't know for sure, but all the signs points to a yes (I won't explain why here because it's too long and it wasn't your question.).\n\nSo does this imply that matter/energy always existed? The answer is NO. because the universe is about 14 billion years old. That's how long anything has existed, including all the matter and energy.
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Good question:\n\nThere are two ways to create a magnetic field. One is to move charges or  create time dependend electric fields, that's part of the classical electrodynamics and referred to as electromagnetism.\n\nThe other one is through the "elementary magnets" in a substance. These elementary magnets are related to the spin of the subatomic particles, for example the electrons in a crystall lattice. That's what you usually call the magnetic properties, like ferro-, para-, ... magnetism.\n\nAlthough it seems that these are quite different things they are related to each other by the Einsteins theory of relativism.\n\nConsider a chain of moving electrons, each having an electric field. In the reference system of the electrons the just have the usual electric field of a resting electron. But a resting observer would see a different distance between the electrons because of the relativistic length dilation, and because of that feel a different electric field, if calculated properly this would explain electromagnetism as a relativistic correction to the electrodynamics.\n\nThe basic equation of quantum dynamics is the Schrödinger equation, which is a non relativistic equation and couldn't predict the spin. Dirac (and Klein and Gordon) made some relativistic extensions to the Schrödinger equation, and it showed up that now the extended Schrödinger equations (Dirac and Klein-Gordon equations) now contain the spin of the elementary particles.\n\nSo yes: From a phenomenological point of view there is a difference, and no, from a higher point of abstraction they are both relativistic effects and there is no difference.
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I think they're looking for "wave" too.\n\nBut the answer could also be "charged."  The electron beam is focused using magnets;  this can be done because a moving charged particle has a magnetic field, and thus can be manipulated by external magnetic fields.
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Basic Physics Questions\n\nI am a student, and I have a basic physics question about...\nThis question would be better covered by a physics teacher in your school that you can interact with for better understanding. You might get a science fair project out of it, too.\n\nDr. Louis Barbier and Beth Jacob\n(October 2002)\n\n\nParticle Physics\n\nI am trying to learn some physics on my own, but I find the descriptions of particles either too technical or too vague. I want a description of the structure of a nucleus and how particles are classified. I need a text that's not too hard, but without sacrificing rigor.\nI'm afraid you can't have a text that's not too hard without sacrificing rigor. If you have a background in physics, a standard undergraduate text book that I would recommend is Nuclei and Particles by Emilio Segre.\n\nDr. Louis Barbier\n\n\nSub-divide Electrons?\n\nCan electrons be divided into sub-particles or are they pure energy?\nThere is no evidence that electrons can be sub-divided. They appear to be pure, primary particles. Although matter and energy are in some ways different forms of the same thing, electrons have a rest mass and so are considered matter and not pure energy.\n\nDr. Eric Christian\n(May 2000)
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In Greek atomic theory, the atom was considered the smallest, indivisible, particle of matter.\nThey view atoms as the basic building block of everything else, and all atoms were identical, different combinations of how they were put together determined the properties of the substance.\n\nOf course, we now know that atoms themselves are made up of smaller, sub-atomic, particles, which are then intern made up of even smaller particles.  Atoms are the smallest particles of a given element which will exibit the properties of that element.  Different elements, and thus different types of atoms, exist.  So the Greeks were not correct in that respect.