what is 50Hz and 60hz in the electricity and what is the difference between these two?
475236
The frequency of the electrical system varies by country; most electric power is generated at either 50 or 60 Hz.  Some countries have a mixture of 50 Hz and 60 Hz supplies.\n\nVery early AC generating schemes used arbitrary frequencies based on convenience for steam engine, water turbine and generator design, since frequency was not critical for incandescent lighting loads. Frequencies between 16 2/3 Hz and 133 Hz were used on different systems, with lower frequencies favoured where loads were primarily composed of motors, and higher frequencies preferred to reduce lighting flicker. For example, the city of Coventry, England, in 1895 had a unique 87 Hz single-phase distribution system that was in use until 1906. Once induction motors became common, it was important to standardize frequency for compatibility with the customer's equipment. Standardizing on one frequency also, later, allowed interconnection of generating plants on a grid for economy and security of operation.\n\nIt is generally accepted that Nikola Tesla chose 60 hertz as the lowest frequency that would not cause street lighting to flicker visibly. The origin of the 50 hertz frequency used in other parts of the world is open to debate but seems likely to be a rounding off of 60 Hz to the 1-2-5-10 structure, called a set of preferred numbers, popular with metric standards.\n\nOther frequencies were somewhat common in the first half of the 20th century, and remain in use in isolated cases today, often tied to the 60 Hz system via a rotary converter or static inverter frequency changer. 25 Hz power was used in Ontario, Quebec, the northern USA, and for railway electrification. In the 1950s, much of this electrical system, from the generators right through to household appliances, was converted and standardised to 60 Hz. Some 25 Hz generators still exist at the Beck 1 and Rankine generating stations near Niagara Falls to provide power for large industrial customers who did not want to replace existing equipment; and some 25 Hz motors in New Orleans' floodwater pumps [1].\n\nA low frequency eases the design of low speed electric motors, particularly for hoisting, crushing and rolling applications, and commutator-type traction motors for applications such as railways, but also causes a noticeable flicker in incandescent lighting and objectionable flicker of fluorescent lamps. 16.7 Hz power (approx. 1/3 of the mains frequency) is still used in some European rail systems, such as in Austria, Germany, Norway, Sweden and Switzerland (until 1995 the frequency was 16.67 Hz).\n\nOff-shore, textile industry, marine, computer mainframe, aircraft, and spacecraft applications sometimes use 400 Hz, for benefits of reduced weight of apparatus or higher motor speeds.\n\nAC-powered appliances can give off a characteristic hum at the multiples of the frequencies of AC power that they use. Most countries have chosen their television standard to approximate their mains supply frequency. This helps prevent powerline hum and magnetic interference from causing visible beat frequencies in the displayed picture. Unless specified by the manufacturer to operate on either 50 or 60 Hz, appliances may not operate efficiently or even safely if used on other than the intended supply frequency.\n\nfind history of frequencies here:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mains_electricity\n\nhere is a map showing which countries use 50 hz and which ones use 60 hz\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_with_mains_power_plugs%2C_voltages_and_frequencies
29487
well, these systems are different for historical reasons - something was decided on as a standard in one part of the world and something else, at the same time, in a different part of the world.  it's just like driving on the right vs. left.. they're different, and incompatible, and it's a massive pain in the rectum.\n\nbut like driving, changing either system over to the other requires overcoming a massive amount of social inertia and a huge infrastructure cost - everyone would have to replace their appliances/cars, power-distribution systems/traffic signals would all have to be replaced.  and because of the nature of these systems, you cannot "phase in" a change - it would all have to switch at the same time in one ugly go.\n\nfunctionally there is no real difference in using 50 or 60 hz.  \n\nhowever, a different voltage has its advantages and disadvantages.  240V distribution is considerably less safe than 120V - get across 120V and you can be electrocuted for sure, but it's far far more dangerous to be electrocuted by 240V.  so safety is one factor that favors a lower voltage.\n\non the other hand, for a fixed requirement of energy usage, a higher voltage will require a lower current.  this is easy to see if you look at the equation for power in an electric circuit, P = VI.  double the voltage and you halve the current.  \n\nthey tell you not to plug a lot of energy-hungry appliances into a single outlet because doing so increases the amount of current that flows through your household wiring - too much can cause the wire to get hot and melt, possibly starting a fire and certainly causing costly damage.  so a higher voltage power distribution system will be generally cheaper (less current = smaller wires = less material costs - this is part of the reason that long-distance transmission lines are stepped up to 120 kV) and less prone to failures from overloading.  so that is an argument that lends itself to choosing a higher voltage.\n\nso, both have their ups and downs - ultimately i think the choice is pretty arbitrary, but the different standards are going to cripple any movement towards a global society.
742095
Since the impedance of a coil at the 400Hz is higher than it is at 60Hz you can build smaller inductive devices for 400Hz. Weight counts on an airplane. An electric motor or a generator or transformer that produces the same power at a fraction of the weight is a winner when you have to fly it around.\n\nWhy did they pick the exact number 400 I don't know but lately fluorescent lamps are being operated at much higher frequencies so maybe 400 is getting obsolete and will be replaced by a higher frequency too.
8775
E = hf applies to light, not electricity.\n\nThe power consumed by AC current is assessed by the root mean square, which is equivilent to the peak amplitude divided by radical 2.  The frequency doesn't factor into the matter.
556193
Full-wave rectify 60 Hz to get 120 Hz ripple, couple it through a large capacitor to block DC, then low-pass filter with a series L/shunt-C circuit to remove most of the harmonics. You'll have to size the L-C to clean up the waveform adequately without losing too much of the 120 Hz. Or you can apply it to a 120 Hz tank circuit per above answer, but depending on the loading you apply it still may need some cleanup.
479271
AC Stands for Alternating current, which is a Wave that carries the current in Frequency Cycles, In the U.S. We use 60Hz or 60 cycles, In Europe/Canada/South America it is 50Hz.  Alternating Current comes in Single, to 3 phases, which are 3 currents carried in the same medium.  Direct Current is a Straight current carried in single form.  Less manageable than AC but much more deadly as it can carry large amounts of Amperage(Speed of the electrons creating heat).  Hope this helped you.
314821
It would be 622.5 Hz.\n\nThe second harmonic is twice the fundamental frequency, and the third harmonic is three times the fundamental frequency, so it would be 3/2 times the frequency of the second harmonic.
504290
The RMS (root-mean-square) value of AC voltage is NOT dependant on the frequency.  For a sine wave, it is .707 (half the square root of 2) multiplied by the peak voltage.\n\n120 and 240 volt circuits common in the US are derived from the center-tapped transformer, the center called the neutral.  This gives you 120V between each phase and neutral, and 240V between the phases.  An analogy that might make more sense is with batteries.  You can put two 9V batteries in series to get 18V, but you still have 9V across each battery.\n\nI think what you want to know from your question, is why do we have both 120V and 240V.  You can argue 120V is safer than 240V, but it is more historical that 110-120V is used in the US (many other countries, but not all, use 220-240V).  The reason for having 240V for some equipment is with a higher voltage it will draw less current, so smaller wires can be used.  Similar to power transmission using high voltages.\n\nThe safety ground, the 3rd round pin on a normal plug, is connected to the neutral at the electrical service.  The neutral is grounded (to the earth), and so is the safety ground, but that connection to the earth has nothing to do with its purpose.  This safety ground connects metal parts of equipment to the neutral, so if a fault in the equipment causes voltage on those metal parts, it will trip the circuit breaker rather than give you a shock (if you were touching it WHEN the fault occurred, you could get a shock before the circuit breaker tripped).  Another thing about the safety ground, it never carries current under normal conditions, and for that to be true it can only be connected to the neutral at the service.  NEVER connect a safety ground to a neutral at another point.\n\nAlso, never take the cover off your circuit breaker or fuse panel if you don't know what you are doing.  Suggesting someone take off the cover and poke around with a fluke is a bad idea.
819635
Gigahertz is used for the frequency of the processor and Gigabytes is used for for the storage of the computer. There is no connection between the two.
202486
E(sub l) = L(di/dt). \ni is the varying current through the circuit during transient period or in AC circuit.\nif it's DC, E(sub l) will be equal to 0 after some time..
108187
No it wouldn't travel faster than the speed of light.\n\nThe frequency has no effect on things whatsoever. I can only assume that you think think that a 60 hZ cycle means the electrons have to travel between the east and west coast and back again 60 times every second. That is not true. Eletricity doens't work by a literal flow of electrons but by the motion of electrons, which is not the same thing.\n\nWhen the currrent reverses diection the elctrons don't all fly back along the cable. Instead the motion reverses. Think the electrons like a column of marching soldiers a mile long. When the Seargent Major orders an about  face the line changes direction of movement but the lead soldier doesn't have to actually run a mile to the other end. All that happens is that the lead soldier changes.\n\nIn exactly the way, when the current changes the flow reverses and the 'terminal' electron becomes the lead and vice versa. Nothing actually runs from one coast to the other.
346550
kingbodonti is correct...\n\nPower in watts = Work in joules / time in seconds\n\nPower = 1,000 joules/50 seconds\n\nPower = 20 watts ANSWER
1058449
Its hard to explain in detail without knowing what type of output you specify. An inverter takes a specified DC input voltage and changes it to a square wave, or semi-sinewave output which can be used to power equipment designed to operate from AC output current. The circuitry and components,as well as complexity and cost of the designs vary greatly and are dependent upon the desired output power and desired output waveform. Some sensitive equipment can only operate from a true 60Hz sinewave, and inverters designed to provide such an output are more complex, and therefore more expensive. Any more detail would require you to know basic electronics, check out inverters: schematic diagrams in your browser.
467138
In terms of actual pictures, PAL is 25 frames per second, NTSC is 29.97 frames per second.\n\nthe 50/60 rate is because a cathode ray tube TV screen is updated twice per individual frame- each pass only draws every other line onto the screen. This is called interlaced. A modern LCD or plasma screen doesn't work in the same way.
339135
first one is quite correct but frequency is in per second\n\n47 waves/min = (47/60)Hz   (1 Hz= 1wave/sec)
60608
electricity (î-lèk-trîs´e-tê), class of phenomena arising from the existence of CHARGE. According to modern theory, most ELEMENTARY PARTICLES of matter possess charge, either positive or negative. Two particles of like charge, both positive or both negative, repel each other; two particles of unlike charge are attracted. The electric FORCE between two charged particles is much greater than the gravitational force between the particles. Many of the bulk properties of matter are ultimately due to the electric forces among the particles of which the substance is composed. Materials differ in their ability to allow charge toflow through them. Those that allow charge to pass easily are conductors,  whereas those that allow extremely little charge to pass through are called insulators,  or DIELECTRICS. A third class of materials, called SEMICONDUCTORS, is intermediate. Electrostatics is the study of charges, or charged bodies, at rest. When positive or negative charge builds up in fixed positions on objects, certain phenomena can be observed that are collectively referred to as static electricity. The charge can be built by rubbing certain objects together, such as silk and glass or rubber and fur; the friction between these objects causes ELECTRONS to transfer from one to another with the result that the object losing electrons acquires a positive charge and the object gaining electrons acquires a negative charge. Electrodynamics is the study of charges in motion. A flow of electric charge constitutes an electric current. In order for a current to exist in a conductor, there must be an ELECTROMOTIVE FORCE (emf), or POTENTIAL difference, between the conductor's ends. An electric CELL, a PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL, and a GENERATOR are all sources of emf. An emf source with an external conductor connected from one of the source's two terminals to the other constitutes an ELECTRIC CIRCUIT. Direct current (DC) is a flow of current in one direction at a constant rate. Alternating current (AC) is a current flow that increases in magnitude from zero to a maximum, decreases back to zero, increases to a maximum in the opposite direction, decreases to zero, and then repeats this process periodically. The number of repetitions of the cycle occurring each second is defined as the frequency, which is expressed in HERTZ (Hz). The frequency of ordinary household current in the U.S. is 60 cycles per sec (60 Hz), and electric devices must be designed to operate at this frequency. In a solid, the current consists not of a few electrons moving rapidly but of many electrons moving slowly; although this drift of electrons is slow, the impulse that causes it moves through the circuit, when the circuit is completed, at nearly the speed oflight. The movement of electrons in a current is not steady; each electron moves in a series of stops and starts. In a direct current, the electrons are spread evenly through the conductor; in an alternating current, the electrons tend to congregate along the conductor surface. In liquids, gases, and semiconductors, current carriers may be positively or negatively charged.
1105216
This question has a simple answer observe\n V=IR now R=V/I\n  so i.e.120/0.6 =200 ohms \n  if you heating effects please see the joule,faradays heating effects of electricity