what is tritiated thymidine incorporation?
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tritiated thymidine is a nucleotide with a radioactive label (3H)\n\nDNA synthesis requires thymidine, it's the T in the A/G/T/C that make up the genetic code.\n\nso incorporation of tritiated thymidine is a measure of DNA synthesis, or cell division.
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The insertion of foreign DNA fragments into a cell/organism which will replicate the DNA and integrate it into its own genome
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ATP - Adenosine triphosphate
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Uracil is replaced by thymine in DNA (not RNA).  The replacement of thymine for uracil in DNA protects the DNA from attack and maintains the fidelity of DNA replication.\n\nCheck out the link below for a good answer.
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Thymic protein\n\nCheck this out http://newenglandnutritives.com/pro_boost_thymic.htm
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There is a very cool way to demonstrate the S phase of the cell cycle.  There is a chemical compound BrdU (Bromodioxy uridine) that can act as a replacement for genetic thymadine.  If you inject the animal undergoing S phase with Brdu, it will be incorporated into the replicated DNA.  You can then label that chemical with either Immunofluorescence or Immunohistochemical reagents that will either make the label visible because it fluoresces under specific light conditions or will stain a dark color and be visible in a light microscope.
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During protein synthesis, 20 different amino acids can be incorporated in proteins. After translation, the posttranslational modification (PTM) of amino acids extends the range of functions of the protein by attaching to it other biochemical functional groups such as acetate, phosphate, various lipids and carbohydrates, by changing the chemical nature of an amino acid (e.g. citrullination) or by making structural changes, like the formation of disulfide bridges.\n\nPTMs involving addition include:\n\nacetylation, the addition of an acetyl group, usually at the N-terminus of the protein \nalkylation, the addition of an alkyl group (e.g. methyl, ethyl) \nmethylation the addition of a methyl group, usually at lysine or arginine residues. (This is a type of alkylation.) \nbiotinylation, acylation of conserved lysine residues with a biotin appendage \nglutamylation, covalent linkage of glutamic acid residues to tubulin and some other proteins. \nglycylation, covalent linkage of one to more than 40 glycine residues to the tubulin C-terminal tail \nglycosylation, the addition of a glycosyl group to either asparagine, hydroxylysine, serine, or threonine, resulting in a glycoprotein \nisoprenylation, the addition of an isoprenoid group (e.g. farnesol and geranylgeraniol) \nlipoylation, attachment of a lipoate functionality \nphosphopantetheinylation, the addition of a 4'-phosphopantetheinyl moiety from coenzyme A, as in fatty acid, polyketide, non-ribosomal peptide and leucine biosynthesis \nphosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group, usually to serine, tyrosine, threonine or histidine \nsulfation, the addition of a sulfate group to a tyrosine.
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There are 4 different bases for DNA: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).  They can be broken up into two groups: purines (A and G) and pyrimidines (T and C).  A will base pair with T via 2 hydrogen bonds, while G will base pair with C via 3 hydrogen bonds.  This is the Watson-Crick method of DNA base pairing...thus, you get a purine pairing with its complementary pyrimidine.  You can find this information easily by searching Wikipedia for each base individually.
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Trilateral Project 24.1 - Biotechnology\n \nComparative Study on Biotechnology Patent Practices\n \nComparative Study Report\n\n\n\nContents\n\n\nForeword\n\n1. Requirements for Disclosure and Claims\n\nGeneral\n\n1.1 Claims\n\n1.1.1 Clarity of Claims\n\n1.1.1.1 General rules\n\n1.1.1.2 Details\n\n1.1.1.2.1 Structural gene\n\n1.1.1.2.2 Recombinant protein : Protein as obtained by using recombinant DNA technology\n\n1.1.1.2.3 DNAs, other than structural gene\n\n1.1.1.2.4 Transformant, Fused cell\n\n1.1.2 Relationship between Claims and Description of the Invention\n\n1.2 Description of the invention\n\n1.2.1 Enablement Requirement (Adequacy of Disclosure)\n\n1.2.1.1 General rules\n\n1.2.1.2 Details\n\n1.2.2 Deposition\n\n2. Patentability\n\n2.1 Industrial Applicability (Utility)\n\n2.2 Novelty\n\n2.3 Inventive step (Non-obviousness)\n\n3. Unity of Invention\n\n4. Amendment\n\n4.1 Amendment of DNA/amino acid sequence\n\n4.2 Addition or Conversion of deposit number\n\n5. Patentable subject matters\n \n \n\nForeword\n\nIn the beginning, the JPO notices that the JPO explains relevant provisions and practices mainly on the basis of 1994-Revised Patent Law (applicable to applications filed on and after 1995.7.1.)\n\nEPO JPO USPTO\n\n1. Requirements for Disclosure and Claims\n\nGeneral\n\nThe three Offices explain the reasons for rejection.\n\nThe USPTO explains, based on the Patent Act, Sections 101, 102, 103 and 112.\n\nThe EPO shows all the reasons, including the substantive requirements for disclosure and claims. On the other hand, the JPO explains in detail the requirements for disclosure and claims.\n\nEPO JPO USPTO\n\n1.1 Claims\n\n1.1.1 Clarity of Claims\n\n1.1.1.1 General rules\n\n(1) Is it allowed that a claim is defined only by the objective to be reached ?\n\nIf they can, how should such a claim be interpreted ?\n\nShould such a claim be called a "single-means" claim ?\n\nThe three Offices point out that a claim defined only by the objective to be reached has problems in the light of clarity of claims and of enabling disclosure.\n\nThe USPTO states that a claim may not be defined only by the objective to be reached because it would not be commensurate in scope with the enabling disclosure.\n\nThe EPO states that the scope of a claim must be clearly and unambiguously defined and in general, claims which attempt to define the invention by a result to be achieved are not allowed, in particular if they only amount to claiming the underlying problem, in other words the result to be achieved, however, claims worded in terms of functional features may be allowed if the invention either can only be defined in such terms or cannot otherwise be defined more precisely without unduly restricting the scope of the claims and if the result is one which can be directly and positively verified by tests or procedures adequately specified in the description or known to the person skilled in the art and which do not require undue experimentation.\n\nIn the JPO, a patent application shall not be rejected on the ground of the lack of clarity of claims merely because a claim includes a statement defining a product only by the objective to be reached, however, it is the lack of clarity of claims, if a claimed invention cannot be clearly identified by a skilled person as a result of such claim statements, particularly, if the extent of the claimed invention is unclear to a skilled person even taking into account the specification, drawings and common general knowledge as of the filing.\n\nEPO JPO USPTO\n\n(2) Is it allowed to use a result to be achieved as one of the elements (technical features) of the claimed invention in combination with the other elements (technical features) ?\n\nDoes the judgement depend on whether such an element is known to the public as of filing ?\n\nShould such claim be called a "means-plus-function" claim ?\n\nThe three Offices allow to use a result to be achieved as one of the elements (technical f
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There are four building blocks, or nucleotides: adenine (abbreviated A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T) so its either 21% or 29% The fact that A pairs with T and C pairs with G leads to the conclusion the overall mix is:\nadenine 29%\ncytosine 21%\nguanine 21%\nthymine 29%
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A DNA nucleotide ia made up of:\n1- phosphate \n2- deoxyribose sugar\n3- one of the 4 nitrogeneous bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine or guanine.
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Triple stranded DNA is a structure that is formed when a third strand (DNA is normally two strands) pairs with a double stranded coil in an unusual manner. Unlike the normal A-T or G-C basepairing defined by Watson and Crick, the third strand undergoes Hoogsteen basepairing, which allows its unusual confirmation. Although this was postulated by several scientists (even Linus Pauling) it has only been found once in nature, as an intermediate product during DNA recombination.
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NEucleotide bases (which make up amino acids) they are Adenine (A) Guanine (G) Cytosine (C) and thymine (T) in RNA Thumine is substituted with (U)
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DNA has four bases, the ones you are referring to as chemicals. The names of these bases are Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C) and Guanine (G). In RNA all these bases are also present except T where it is replaced by Uracil (U). So when information is copied from DNA to RNA (mRNA specifically) C pairs with G, G pairs with C, T pairs with A and A pairs with U (since there is no T but U in RNA).\n\nBesides that the chemical composition of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) is a Phosphate group, a base(the four bases) and a sugar (Deoxyribose). These three parts together form a nucleotide. A nucleotide without a phosphate group is called a nucleoside. The 'chemicals' you are looking for are Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine.
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The enzyme is built to attach itself to a particular sequence of nitorgenous bases.  Because the A, T, G, and C (if you know what restirction enzymes are, I'm assuming you'll know the abbreviations) are structured slightly differently, the enzyme won't properly fit on any of the other sequences, and without a proper fit, it would cut your DNA strand.
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it is written in molecular form NH2....it is in a group called amines.\n\nit makes up nucleotide bases in your DNA
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One of the characteristics displayed by preimplantation mouse embryos is the metabolic shift from a dependence on the tricarboxylic acid cycle during the pre-compaction stages to a metabolism based on glycolysis post-compaction (Brinster, 1965; Gardner and Leese, 1986). This change in metabolic preference is coincident with the rapid proliferation that is needed post-compaction. Similar changes in metabolism appear in numerous other cells as they assume a proliferative state. For example, thymocytes undergo a transition from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism as they undergo mitogen activated proliferation (Bagetto, 1992). \n\nNot sure this is the info you were looking for.