How do public fountains, like those in Rome, work without using any type of motor to pump the water?
483248
The fountains are fed from a reservoir or aqueduct that is located much higher in the landscape. Gravity produces the pressure.\n\nYour household plumbing works on exactly the same principle. Your house doesn't have any motor or pump yet the water still fountains upwards when you turn on the hose. That's because the water towers and reservoirs are high enough above your tap to produce a significant pressure
297405
Depends on your application.\n\nPump water from a shallow (less than 20ft)or deep (greater than 20ft) well?\nHow much volume(gpm) and pressure(psi) are you looking for?\nBased on standard house current at 110VAC or off of a car battery(12V) and how long do you plan to have this pump running (few minutes at a time or hr's or day's on end)?\n\nYour question can be simple or a major under taking. \n\nA simple pump, using an old washmachine pump and motor you can come up with a basic pump. This will work on a shallow application, meaning the pump can't draw water from a resavoir being very deep, maybe a few feet. \nA sump pump is also a very shallow well type, works from a jet principle, but can't deliver a lot of pressure 10-15psi for a short period of time.\n\nWater wells which are deep, > 30ft, usually have the pump submerged into the water which then pushes the water out vs drawing the water up.\nSome of the older pumps were of a piston design, inefficient compared todays jet pump standards.\n\nOtherwise an electric moter and a mechanical pump.
829328
Water pumps can  be reciprocal , geared or centrifugal.  A reciprocal pump works like an automobile cylinder.  water in the cylinder is forced out when the piston rises.  A valve closes to hold the water there.  On the downstroke, a valve opens to admit more water to the cylinder.  On the upstroke that valve closes, and the discharge valve opens.\n\nIn a geared pump, two meshing gears rotate in a very tight enclosure.  Water is admitted on one side.  The spaces between teeth carry water around the case to the discharge side.\n\nCentrifugal pumps spin water with a paddlewheel-like arrangement.  This gives the water energy in the form of velocity.  When this water is forced into a pipe, the energy converts from velocity to pressure.
121975
The machine consists of a screw inside a hollow pipe. The lower end of the device is put in the water, and the screw is then turned (usually by a windmill or by animal or human labor). As the bottom end of the tube turns, it scoops up an amount of water. This puddle of water will slide up in the spiral tube as the shaft is turned, until finally it falls out from the top of the spiral tube and feeds the irrigation system.
522180
I do not know but I will guess.  Ultrasound is high frequency sound waves that bounce off atoms (which most machines have receptors in order to "read" and produce a picture).  Mist is created when water molecules have enough kinetic (moving) energy in order to break the energy that keeps water molecules attracted (hydrogen bonds).  The ultrasound must be imparting enough kinetic energy to the water molecules at the top layer of the fountain to allow them to escape the bonds hold them to the other water molecules.  Sounds cool.
47962
"Wind-Powered Water Pumping Systems ..."\nhttp://www.agr.gc.ca/pfra/water/wind_e.htm\n\n"HOW DOES A WINDMILL WORK?"\nhttp://www.internationalwindmill.com/how_does_it_work.htm\n\nHere is a good reference document that contains several further references.  Granted, it addresses handpumps, but that is good place to start.\nhttp://www.cee.mtu.edu/peacecorps/documents_july03/Human_Powered_Pumps_FINAL.pdf\n\n"How to Select the Proper Human-Powered Pump for Potable Water"
621257
Yes the pumps are electric. They  need to run at least 6-8 hours a day. The pump is used to circulate the water, while cleaning it as well. however, the filters become clogged eventually. (I clean mine, or change it about 1 time a week). The filters can be washed out after you remove it from the pump. But be sure to plug the water outlets to the pool before out open the pump (also be sure to unplug the electricity before opening the pump. Its really pretty simple once you get the hang of it.
973445
Hydraulic machines are able to use liquid pressure to transfer energy from one place to another because of the following liquid properties:Liquids are incompressable, liquid pressure acts equally in all directions, changes in liquid pressure are transmitted instantaneosly to all parts of the liguid.. They work because of their ability to magnify the force simply by using a piston of larger area, their ability  to apply a force in any direction at any point and their ability to supply the force to several points simulateneously\ni hoped this help if not just try googling i or something
214954
The ones that squirt water.
1180496
Oh yes@!\n\nCheck the article "Scientists make water run uphill " below\n\nand water can also run up hill \n\ncase 1 capillary motion due to surface tension (in plants)\ncase 2 siphon arrangement  \ncase 3 difference in pressure (as in fountain...)\n\nand artificialy\nmay be there is even case 4 if you want to get some polymers involved http://www.stevespangler.com/archives/2006/02/08/water-can-run-uphill/\n\nFor an instace of case 3 check this out http://www.iit.edu/~smile/ph87t2.html \n\nAnd superfluid don't really run uphill http://www.madsci.org/posts/archives/feb98/888462465.Ph.r.html
698515
Use a fan, (not plugged in), and put it in running water.
1005248
I do not quite understand your question. In all the applications you mentioned, there is but one method of using hydraulic energy. A hydraulic fluid is pressurized using a hydraulic pump and that energy is then used to move a cylinder, turn a motor, or operate a valve.
28860
You're asking about divining.\n\nWhen divining is tested using anything even remotely resembling a scientific test, it fails.  You can't find underwater pipes (tile in your question) or any other form of underground water that way.\n\nYou might resubmit your question to a group that covers perpetual motion, ghosts, or alien abductions.  You might get an explanation from them.
460879
What your actually thinking of are baffles. These cause the water to travel in a zig zag way or even perpendicular to flow direction. This slows the water by taking its Kinetic Energy and so reduces wear on other structures or machinery
65104
They probably pump it up and fill it. Lke allwater towers there are pipes going both up and down. Once filled though, they can leave it alone for awhile. Usually there are sensers inside that relay to a computer and alerts when the tower is getting low. In small towns I know sometimes they put too much water in and it isn't used. Thats why they sometimes flush it. But I would research the topic in an online enclycopedia.
506356
Yes, very clever Katlyn. :-D\n\nSeriously though, this phenomenon isn;t unique to Australia. What you are referring to are artesian wells. The very name artesian comes from ancient Greece where these type of wells were first dug.\n\n\nThe water flows automatically because it seeps in between layers of watertight rocks up in the mountains and then trickles down to the lowlands. However the rocks itself is quite watertight so the water has the entire weight of the entire water column all the way up to the recharge area pressing down on it. When a hole is drilled through the watertight rock the water squirts out, just as it would squirt out if you drilled a hole into a water pipe.\n\nAnd it squirts out for exactly the same reason: the pressure on water is related to the height of that water column. If the recharge point is several miles up in the mountains the water is under phenomenal pressure and fairly blasts out.\n\nAdding to that the water in artesian wells is often heated due to the pressure of the overlying rocks. When they are tapped the heat produces quantities of steam which further add to the pressure in the systems.
110991
The water comes from a point elevated far above the sink height (a reservoir in upstate NY).\n\nBecause its source is higher, the water will flow (downward)--even though the pipes might go 'up' a buiding. Its all about the conservation of energy laws you can learn about in physics.\n\nFrom the reservoir it is piped to the city, and it gets filtered and treated before it gets to the sink.\n\nThe sink valves hold it back until you open them, and let the force of the flow down your drain, where it goes out to the river.