Some neutron stars emit pulses of radiation and are called what?
483368
Pulsars. They are very small stars and very dense. The pulsation is caused by the very quickly changing magnetic field.
767350
The microwave are a special high frequency radiation. To generate these waves, there is a device called Magnetron. The magnetron control circuit, as the name suggests, controls the magnetron for correct frequency locking and duration of radiation.
358457
There are three kinds of Cosmic Rays. There are the Galactic Cosmic Rays, coming from outside the solar system. The Anomalous Cosmic Rays, coming from the interstellar space at the edge of the heliopause and the Solar Energetic Particles, associated with solar flares and other energetic solar events. The are a by product of the natural burning process of a star and a natural process of a dying star. I have included a link below that will give you a detailed description of the process, it is in lay terms so to speak. I hope that it can answer your questions. It will set you straight on whether the cosmic rays are "Highly Charged" or "Radio Active". Just remember that a Neutron is the part of an atom that has no charge. It is part of the nucleus. Good luck and happy reading.
1053676
Well, it is already known through observation (and the ensuing information from loads of math and physics) that pulsars rotate. Pulsars are simply rapidly rotating neutron stars, objects that shed their outer layers in a supernova explosion while their cores collapse. Because streams of particles and electromagnetic radiation emanate from the tilted poles of the spinning neutron star, we observe the "bursts" or "pulses". On the other hand, if these were mere "flashes" from a stationary object - how would we explain the alternating "bursting" and "non-bursting"? At the extreme conditions of forces in this state, what is there to stop the release of great amounts of energy at certain consistent intervals?\n\nPulsars are not disk shaped - the processes of outer explosion and inner collapse would hardly warrant that. Perhaps in these extreme awesome conditions it is useless to think of these dying stars as maintaining any shape. The star itself rotates, and what we observe is a dynamic combination of the rotation and energy emission.\n\nHope I was able to shed at least a little light on this!
420044
I'd imagine it refers to a flash exhibited in a particle detector in certain circumstances - more precisely, when the interaction between a neutrino and pure water produces a particle moving faster than the local speed of light.  In this case, Cerenkov radiation is produced, in the form of a small ring of light which is detected by the photomultiplier tubes.  The 'telltale flash' in question.\n\nFor a bit more info, search for 'SuperKamiokande' and see what you turn up.
370999
Refer to an electromagnetic spectrum. \nRadiation is emission and propagation and emission of energy in the form of rays or waves (http://dictionary.reference.com/search?q=radiation).\nIn other words as long as waves travel there is radiation.\nThere are two types of radiation, the ionizing (harmful) radiation and the non-ionizing (not harmful) radiation.\nYou can see it in a magnetic spectrum. High frequency and low wavelength are those ionizing radiation. High wavelenth and low frequency are those non-ionizing radiation. Penetration of these waves are dependent on their frequencies. High frequencies are able to tranmsmit objects. \nFrom the magnetic spectrum there are different kinds of waves, (from ionizing to non-ionizing) radiowaves, microwaves, infrared, white light, UV, x-rays, gamma rays cosmic rays. These waves travel in a straight line unless scattered by hitting an object or being blocked or interrupted or you know I mean.\nThat's why astronomers detect radiowaves from the outerspace.\nSo if you asked, how does radiant energy reach earth, is simply because they travelled a striaght line from their source.
341172
It depends on what stage they are in.  When stars are young, they are mostly hydrogen.  As they get older, they become mostly helium.  When really big stars come near the end of their lives, they start producing all sorts of other elements (carbon, iron, silicon, etc.), and neutron stars are made up of neutrons (effectively no elements, just elementary particles).
447612
one of the properties of a neutron star (as far as i can tell) is that the electrons and the protons are so tightly packed that they form in to neutrons. But they are not bound together like they are in the nucleus of an atom.  \n\nThere is actualy a great statmech problem where you are suposed to calulate the radius of a neutron star using only the pauli exclution principle (basicly that fermions have the tendency to repell each other)\n\nat the moment there are two known things that are even denser... a black hole for one, and the neuclus of an atom. \n\nIf there was a free existing small part of a black hole, it would just explode in a matter of moments (~10^-14 sec i think).  as for a neutron star they would also fly appart because for the pauli exclution principle.  But if we have a huge mass of protons and neutron we would have a very very very very heavy atom.  It would attract electrons just like a normal atom.  But it would decay in just moments(problably very violently).   \n\nIt can be made, but it would exist in such small quantity and for so short of a time that it would seemingly have no properites
551989
Stars spend most of their life fusing hydrogen to helium.  As a star gets near the end of its life it starts to fuse Helium into heavier elements going up to Carbon, Oxygen, Silicon, etc (taking progressively less time to fuse each of them).\n\nEventually the star will have an Iron core but while fusing elements lighter than Iron results in an energy release trying to fuse Iron into something heavier requires energy and so the fusion reaction can not proceed any further.\n\nNow throughout the life a star the star is in a hydrostatic equilibrium between gravity pulling the star together and the radiation pressure from the nuclear fusion pushing the star apart, with the fusion reaction stopping the gravity wins and the star collapses.\n\nThe sudden collapse causes the core to be crushed to very high density at which point protons and electrons combine to form a neutron and a neutrino according to p + e -> n + ν with the neutrino escaping (the neutrinos carry most of the energy).\n\nThe core of the star is now very small and the outer layers fall in and bounce off which is what causes the explosion.\n\nIt takes a couple of hours for the outer layers of the star to actually blow apart (which is what we'd see) so the first evidence that a supernova has occured is the neutrino burst.
1109557
1) You must first of all be aware that radio waves, light, infrared, x-rays, all these are electromagnetic radiation, only with different frequencies; they are pure energy, without mass, transmitted through space by photons at the speed of light. That is the fastest way of communication there can be in the universe, assuming that nothing travels faster than the speed of light.\n\n\n2) Radio waves were chosen from the electromagnetic spectrum because they include the Water Hole, which is the band of electromagnetic frequencies between 1420 MHz and 1640 MHz. This is the band between the hydrogen line and the strongest hydroxyl spectral line, and is notable because it is a quiet region between two notable frequencies; The combination of hydrogen and hydroxyl yields water (the "water" part of the name); the "hole" part refers to the sudden drop in radio noise (the universe background radiation) within this band. Several SETI programs, including SETI@home search in the Water Hole.\n\n\n3) It has been proposed that higher frequency signals, such as lasers operating at visible light frequencies, may prove to be a fruitful method of interstellar communication; at a given frequency it takes surprisingly small energy output for a laser emitter to outshine its local star from the perspective of its target.\n\nOther more exotic methods of communication have been proposed, such as modulated neutrino or gravitational wave emissions. These would have the advantage of being essentially immune to interference by intervening matter, but are very difficult to generate or detect with current technology.\n\nSending physical mail packets between stars may prove to be optimal for many applications. While mail packets would likely be limited to speeds far below that of electromagnetic or other light-speed signals (resulting in very high latency), the amount of information that could be encoded in only a few tons of physical matter could more than make up for it in terms of average bandwidth.Starting in 1979, Robert Freitas advanced arguments for the proposition that physical space-probes provide a superior mode of interstellar communication to radio signals, then undertook telescopic searches for such probes in 1979 and 1982.
701207
it goes super nova and then a neutron star the rest of its life.  its life is also shorter because the increased gravity requires more nuclear fusion (and faster fuel consumption) to negate.
21091
Correction: when stars "die", they either become a white dwarf (if they're light, where all elements are reduced to primarily iron, which has a lower energy state than anything lighter or heavier--hence, it becomes spent nuclear fuel that cannot react anymore), or a neutron star (as above, but with a mass so great that gravitational forces overwhelm nuclear forces making electron collapse into protons in a single mass), or they can become black holes (if their mass is so very great that all matter is compressed into a singlarity--ie, a point with infite density).  The mass of a black hole is guaged by the degree to which it curves the surrounding space-time continuum.\n\nA white dwarf glows as it is white-hot, but as it cools down, it becomes a brown dwarf, turning dark.\n\nThe debate in astronomy is whether the rate of the universe's expansion is sufficient to keep all black holes from collapsing.  On either end, a break prediction lies: in one scenario, everything forms one big singularity, while in the other, energy fluctations slowly even out until entropy is optimized throughout the universe, resulting in the "heat death" of the universe.
726904
Nearly all objects in the universe emit, reflect and/or transmit some light. (One hypothetical exception may be dark matter.) \n\nA rainbow shows the optical (visible) part of the electromagnetic spectrum.. Sun and stars too ..\n\nEarth emits Infrared waves .. and so our bodies ..\n\nThe Sun emits a large amount of UV radiation , infrared rdiations and others ..\n\nNeutron stars and accretion disks around black holes emit X-rays, which enable us to study them.\n\nTelevision, mobile phones, wireless networking and amateur radio all use radio waves.
680419
A star is a massive body of plasma in outer space that is currently producing or has produced energy through nuclear fusion. The most familiar and closest star to the Earth is the Sun. Unlike a planet, from which most light is reflected, a star emits light because of its intense heat. Scientifically, stars are defined as self-gravitating spheres of plasma in hydrostatic equilibrium, which generate their own energy through the process of nuclear fusion. Stellar astronomy is the study of stars.
404738
In 1094 AD, a  supernova, clearly visible in daylight, was witnessed and recorded in China and India, and the result of it can now be seen in space as the luminous Crab Nebula, measuring 10 light years wide and being lit by the Crab Pulsar in the center. At 9.7 kilometres wide, it rotates 33 times per second and has an extremely strong magnetic field. This magnetic field constantly hurls particles out of the inner part of the nebula and into the larger cloudlike part.
279404
As with all stars, the sun is producing energy by nuclear fusion.  The process involves several steps, but it boils down to combining the nuclei of 4 (four) hydrogen atoms (basically 4 protons) to form a single nucleus of helium (2 protons and 2 neutrons bound together).  Several other particles come out--a couple of positrons (like electrons, but with positive charge), a couple of neutrinos (tinier than electrons and not charged), and gamma rays (very high-energy radiation).  The positrons almost immediatley react with electrons and annihilate (like Star Trek--real matter/anti-matter reaction) to form additional gamma rays.  The energy of the gamma rays are eventually absorbed a few thousand miles below the sun's surface, heating the gas there and causing it to "boil".  At the sun's surface, this "boiling gas" releases it's energy like bubbles in the form of radiation of all different energies, mostly in the visible range, producing the light (and heat and UV for suntans and more) that travels through space to the Earth and beyond.
1167454
Usually, you shoot a high energy neutron at it.  It's like in pool, when you break in billiards.  You shoot one ball very fast at the pile of balls, and then they break apart.