What is a double-blind clinical study?
480561
Double-blind means that both the researcher and the subject are 'blinded' as to which group the subject is in.\n\nFor instance, if you are testing a drug for blood pressure, you might give patients in one group the standard drug, and patients in another group the new drug. You would make the capsules for each drug look and taste identical, and label the bottles 'A' and 'B', without either the people taking the drugs, or the people taking the blood pressure measurements, knowing who was getting which drug.\n\nThis is to avoid bias. If a researcher knows a subject is getting a certain treatment (whether it's medical, musical, whatever!), they might consciously or unconsciously bias the results to reflect their belief about the efficacy of the treatment. Double-blinding is now the accepted standard for clinical trials.\n\nRandomization into treatment groups is another important factor, again to try and eliminate bias or confounding factors that might mean you get a positive result for a reason OTHER than that the treatment actually works.
1179001
ANY study can be called a "science". However due to the IMMENSE complexities in the brain, this is far from an EXACT science. But from my experiences (bipolar disorder) I can say YES it is. I at one point was a complete MESS, now thanks to a good mixture of medications and counseling with good people, Im much better.
843684
When I can only see out of one eye because with both open it is\nall blurry and double image.
1176301
By doing a double blind test, where neither the researcher nor the subjects know what they are researching.
449669
Nowhere. Whats a useless study to you can be a valuable asset to another. \n\nYou can look up where funding is going and determine for yourself what you consider to be a "useless" study.
982529
To be able to compare the results of your experiment to something. For example if you are testing a drug, you need 3 groups: one that takes the drug, one that take a placebo and one that doesn't take anything. In this way, you can compare the results from the first 2 groups to the 3rd one and see if your drug is working or not!
486749
use the definition "a severe test or trial".  (There are several in the dictionary.
680172
Either you choose pills (for example) to treat your headache where the L.D. 50 is known through animal testing and the risks have been observed and classified...or you go for an all-new non-animal-tested product...which as been given to a few humans in "low" doses (whatever that may mean since "high" doses might just be 2x the low dose and testing higher would be dangerous)...I'll go for the first option.
788587
The burden of double-dependency - Click on the link, is worth a read. Good luck!
875978
AND, WHAT EXACTLY DID THE DOCTOR THAT DIAGNOSED YOU TELL YOU ABOUT THIS?\n\nYour doctor is the one to listen to here not perfect strangers. Even if someone had the similar disease it could very well react differently in everyone. Every case study is not the same.
605545
Criterion for testing: people who didn't smoke got lung cancer just like smokers.  Turned out that these people that didn't smoke but got cancer anyway, lived or worked with smokers or inhaled second hand smoke from their living environments.\n\nProcedure: statistical analysis of thousands of patients that had cancer.
132442
I'm a LITTLE confused by your question- it sounds like your hypothesis ("reason") is that the lower local percentage of colon cancer awareness is caused by... lack of awareness.  Not a very interesting hypothesis, being circular and all.\n\nBut perhaps you mean to simply test whether local awareness actually IS lower than it is nationally?  In that case, your dependent variable would be some measure of awareness gathered from your survey, and the independent variable would be location (local vs. non-local).  You would have to administer your survey to both both local and non-local populations.\n\nIt's best to really tightly pin down exactly what the hypothesis is that you want to test.  This will help you identify the dependendant variables (outcomes) and the independent variables (the factors you think may be affecting the outcome).
783956
What exactly is your question?\n Are you talking about impairment ratings, as performed in an IRE (Impairment Rating Evaluation)?   \nThere are standards of disabilities guidelines that physicians can follow. Based on body part(s) involved and the degree to which they are affected, a percentage of total disability can be determined.
538425
i dont know about the study, but i know the study had a measurement bias, like u know, the subjects he studied, changed their behaviour styles becos they knew they were being watched. hope that helped.
567361
do you have a link to that study? sounds interesting but i'm not familiar with it.
176899
Depends on what standards for ethics you set. If by unethical you mean things like killing babies or ripping out beating hearts from conscious patients, you are unlikely to succeeed. If, on the other hand, you require stuides to be compliant with the Helsinki declaration, then ALL studies that do not conform are "unethical". I'm just saying this because MANY studies from smaller or less developed countries are based on inadequate ethical grounds (for technical or economical reasons). In that sense, you don't want a clear fraud, like those mentioned by the above posters but any article with sub-standard research (many of those around). \n\nAn obvious example would be the comparison of a new treatment with placebo when a standard treatment is already available. No patient should be denied standard treatment (if it exists) and using placebo is ethically dubious. Such comparisons should always be made between "new" and "old" drug, not with placebo.\n\nI would suggest searching "pubmed" for research reported before 1990 in lesser known journals. "Unethical" research should be quite easy to find...
185102
You need to admistrate the drug to the patients. You need to have a control group, which will have a sugar pill and the experimental group which will have the actual pill. Depending on drug and conditions, you need to use a single-blind or a double-blind technique to do the research. Then examine the patients look for the side effects, long term problems that the drug is causing vs the gain of the drug, process of healing, relative speed of healing process and so on. But it is not as easy as it sounds in the real life and it costs millions of dollars to do that kind of experiments with drugs. You also need FDA approval for the experiment of calculating the risk-benefit ratio.