If the sum the rest masses of the quarks comprising a proton or neutron are arithmetically smaller.?
474775
You would expect the sum of the rest masses of the quarks to be less than the mass of the proton or neutron.  A proton/neutron is a bound state of quarks made up of quarks and gluons.  With the gluons in there, you get more mass.  It has also been shown that the mass of a nucleus is greater than the mass of its constituent protons and neutrons.  This is because the "binding energy"  that is, the energy it takes to stick the nucleus together also adds to the mass of the nucleus.  \n\nSo, the quarks+gluons+binding energy=mass of proton/neutron\nYou can't really find out a velocity from that...
497438
The atomic number is equal to the number of protons.\nThe mass number is equal to protons plus neutrons.\n\nThe difference between those two numbers would equal the number of neutrons.
1020906
Quarks are smaller.  Also the string theory says that quarks can be further divided into strings.  Strings are so small that if an atom is the size of our solar system, then strings are only about as big as a tree.
177569
All of the mass of the respective particles is converted into energy (radiation) according to E=MC^2. Find the mass of the particle you are interested in like a proton. The antiparticle (antiproton) is the same mass. \nA proton weighs 1.672622089*10^-27 kg (M)\nAn antiproton weighs the same.\nThe speed of light in vacuum (C) is 2.9979*10^8 m/s\nThe answer (E) is in J or W. I´m sure you can take it from here. \nYou might want to consider the much smaller energy unit of electronvolt (eV) when working with energy levels for individual particles. 1 eV = 1.602*10^-19 J\n\nA neutron (and an antineutron) weighs 1.674928579*10^-27 kg\nAn electron (and positron) weighs 9.109390332*10^-31 kg\nKnock your self out!
107880
The atomic mass is equal (approximately) to the number of protons plus the number of neutrons.  The atomic number indicates the number of protons.  So atomic mass is atomic number plus the number of neutrons in the atom.
33642
Use the periodic table to find the atomic mass of the element and subtract from this the atomic number.  \n\nThe atomic mass is equal to sum of proton and neutrons, and the atomic number is the number of protons an atom has.  Electrons have such a small mass that they don't really have any noticable effect on the atomic mass.\n\nEx: Oxygen (atomic mass - 16, atomic number - 8)\n\n16 - 8 = 8, therefore the number of protons is equal to 8
730167
Very close to the mass of a proton.  It is about 1.6749 x 10^-27 kg, 1 u, or 939.57 MeV/c^2.
281903
zero to infinity.\n\nYou see hadrons (a kind of tiny particle smaller than an atom) have properties of both a solid particle, and a wave.\n\nA single quark can't really exist in nature (as far as scientists think for now), but anyway all particles have a wavefunction. Even your body has a wavefunction which is the sum of all the particles in your body.\n\nA probability wavefunction gives you an idea of how much time a thing is likely to be hanging around in a particular area.\n\nImagine a map of the word and you stick a red pin for every month you have been in a particular place. What would your wavefunction look like?\n\nA quark will have a wavefunction which is thickest (most red pins) near its locations inside a proton -- but it will also have some theoretically mathematically small probability of being on the other side of the moon for instance.\n\nThe wavefunction depends on mass, so we could just compare the electron mass to the quark mass -- but there is a fly in  the ointment. Quarks don't really have a real mass. They have various types of theoretical masses, but really they are measured by kooky-sounding properties like flavor, charm and color! Wacko huh? So there is no direct way to compare wavefunction/size to an electron.\n\nSo the answer is, it depends! zero to infinity.
95148
Actually, the mass of a proton is 1.00727664669 atomic mass units.\n\nAn atomic mass unit is defined such that Carbon 12 is exactly 12.  The carbon atom weighs less than 12 times the proton (because of nuclear binding energy).
453117
How can you have something if nothings there? Atoms are made up or protons, neutrons, and quarks which are the basic building blocks of matter. Well at least until someone discovers there made up of something else lol!
1160608
Protons are composed of quarks, the smallest currently know material of the universe. Quarks have a + or a - (positive or negative) charge and it is when they are added that it creates a magnetic property. For example, protons are made of 3 quarks, 2 positive, 1 negative thus summing up to a charge of +1.
1138448
Look on a periodic table.\n\nIt should be listed below the atomic number as a decimal value.  The mass number is an average mass (in atomic mass units) of an element, based on different isotopes.  It equals the number of protons + the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
792343
An atom is made up of electrons, protons and neutrons\n\nProtons are made of two Up and one Down Quarks. The neutron is made of two Down and one Up Quarks.\n\nProtons have a diameter of about 1.5×10−15 m\nNeutrons have a radius of about 0.8 × 10−15 m\nElectrons have a radius of about 3x10^-15 m\n\nQuarks must be smaller than 10^-18 m. This determination is based on the highest energy collisions currently available
184874
All the fundamental particles are thought of as having no size.  They are all point particles as far as we know.  In reality they probably are all made up of something else...but we haven't been able to probe deep enough to know what that would be.\n\nSo, they are are smallest: quarks, leptons (electrons, neutrinos), and bosons (photon, gluons, W/Z, graviton), and more?
850332
Light does not consist of proton, it consists of photons which are quantum of electromagnetic radiation, photons have their own antiparticle. Antiparticle is a particle that has the same mass of another particle but its other properties are opposite which result in cancelling the opposite properties. The net result is the production of radiant energy which is light (not according to me, but according to quantum theory). So no question of mass.\n\nAnd light has very high but not infinity velocity, then how would the mass (do not say weight, both are different) be infinite (even if we consider what you say to be true)\n\nProtons are not insignificant, they make up about half the mass of an atom (under normal conditions)
282510
There are only 6 neutrons in a carbon atom.  In addition to that there are the 6 protons that make a carbon atom a carbon atom.  Protons and neutrons have nearly the same mass so, and additionally there are 6 electons (very small in mass, comparitively) in an electrically neutral carbon atom so the atomic mass is slightly more than twice the mass of the protons.
247154
Three reasons.\n\nProtons and neutrons do not weight exactly one atomic mass unit.  A proton has a mass of 1.007276 amu and a neutron 1.008665.\n\nNot all atoms of the same elment have the same number of neutrons.  Most carbon atoms have 6 neutrons, but a few have 7, and a very few have 8.  Atomic weight is an weighted average of naturally occuring isotopes.\n\nWhen bound together, neutrons and protons have a lower potential energy that when free.  By Einsteins formula, E=mc^2, this means atoms have a slightly lower mass than the sum of their particles.