Describe a biochemical, nutrient cycle its aspects and its pathways.?
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Possible scenario of the evolution of the mitochondrion in Kinetoplastida. A facultative anaerobic, 'pluripotent' ancestral eukaryote was formed by endosymbiosis of a facultative anaerobic α-proteobacterium by an archaebacterial host. It has been proposed [118] that different capacities of the original symbiont were lost in different eukaryotic lineages, leading to different types of organelles (aerobic mitochondria, anaerobic mitochondria, hydrogenosomes). In Kinetoplastida, the original hydrogenase, anaerobic terminal oxidases and the capacity to synthesize quinones of low redox potential were lost. Indications for the retainment of the PFO have been reported, but its presence still requires unequivocal confirmation. The kinetoplastid mitochondrion acquired an AOX and its metabolism became partially fermentative (see text). Abbreviations: AOX, alternative oxidase; ASCT, acetate:succinate CoA transferase; PDH, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; PFO, pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase; terminal oxidase O, O2-dependent terminal oxidase; terminal oxidases A, terminal oxidases using 'anaerobic' electron acceptors.\n\n\nhttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=317351&rendertype=figure&id=F9
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Major Components of Ecosystems:\n\nEcosystems are composed of a variety of abiotic and biotic components that function in an interrelated fashion. Some of the more important components are: soil, atmosphere, radiation from the sun, water, and living organisms.
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6 classes of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water. See website http://www.runningplanet.com/articles/article_detail.asp?article_id=440\n\nGlucose metabolism is called glycolysis- see this website: http://science.nhmccd.edu/biol/glylysis/glylysis.html
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hope this helps!\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krebs_cycle\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycolysis
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Look up "Krebs cycle".
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Cells requires oxygen for its function. \n\nTo be precise:\n\nThe citric acid cycle (Krebs cycle) is a series of chemical reactions of central importance in all living cells that utilize OXYGEN as part of cellular respiration.
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Nitrogen Cycle, natural cyclic process in the course of which atmospheric nitrogen enters the soil and becomes part of living organisms, before returning to the atmosphere. Nitrogen, an essential part of the amino acids, is a basic element of life. It also makes up 79 per cent of the Earth's atmosphere, but gaseous nitrogen must be converted to a chemically usable form before it can be used by living organisms. This is accomplished through the nitrogen cycle, in which gaseous nitrogen is converted to ammonia or nitrates (salts of nitric acid). The high energies provided by lightning and cosmic radiation serve to combine atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen into nitrates, which are carried to the Earth's surface in precipitation. Nitrogen fixation, the biological process which accounts for the bulk of the nitrogen-conversion process, is accomplished by free-living, nitrogen-fixing bacteria; symbiotic bacteria living on the roots of plants (mostly legumes and alders); cyanobacteria; certain lichens; and epiphytes in tropical forests.\n\nNitrogen “fixed” as ammonia and nitrates is taken up directly by plants and incorporated in their tissues as plant proteins. The nitrogen then passes through the food chain from plants to herbivores to carnivores in the process known as the food web. When plants and animals die, the nitrogenous compounds are broken down by decomposing into ammonia, a process called ammonification. Some of this ammonia is taken up by plants; the rest is dissolved in water or held in the soil, where micro-organisms convert it into nitrates and nitrites in a process called nitrification. Nitrates may be stored in decomposing humus or leached from the soil and carried to streams and lakes. They may also be converted to free nitrogen through denitrification and returned to the atmosphere.\n\nIn natural systems, nitrogen lost by denitrification, leaching, erosion, and similar processes is replaced by fixation and other nitrogen sources. Human intrusion in the nitrogen cycle, however, can result in less nitrogen being cycled, or in an overload of the system. For example, the cultivation of croplands, harvesting of crops, and cutting of forests have all caused a steady decline of nitrogen in the soil. (Some of the losses on agricultural lands are replaced only by applying energy-expensive nitrogenous fertilizers manufactured by artificial fixation.) On the other hand, the leaching of nitrogen from overfertilized croplands, cutover forestland, and animal wastes and sewage has contributed to water pollution by adding too much nitrogen to aquatic ecosystems, resulting in reduced water quality and the stimulation of excessive algal growth. In addition, nitrogen dioxide poured into the atmosphere from vehicle exhausts and power plants breaks down to form ozone and reacts with other atmospheric pollutants to form photochemical smog.\n\n\nCarbon Cycle (ecology), in ecology, the cycle of carbon usage by which energy flows through the Earth's ecosystem. The basic cycle begins when photosynthesizing plants use carbon dioxide (CO2) found in the atmosphere or dissolved in water. Some of this carbon is incorporated in plant tissue as carbohydrates, fats, and protein; the rest is returned to the atmosphere or water by respiration. Carbon is thus passed on to herbivores that eat the plants and thereby use, rearrange, and degrade the carbon compounds. Much of it is given off as CO2 in respiration, as a by-product of metabolism, but some is stored in animal tissue and is passed on to carnivores feeding on the herbivores. Ultimately, all the carbon compounds are broken down by decomposition, and the carbon is released as CO2 to be used again by plants.\nOn a global scale the carbon cycle involves an exchange of CO2 between two great reservoirs: the atmosphere and the Earth's waters. Atmospheric CO2 enters water by diffusion across the air-water surface. If the CO2 concentration in the water is less than that in the atmosphe
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The citric acid cycle (also known as the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the TCA cycle, or the Krebs cycle) is a series of chemical reactions of central importance in all living cells that utilize oxygen as part of cellular respiration. In aerobic organisms, the citric acid cycle is part of a metabolic pathway involved in the chemical conversion of carbohydrates, fats and proteins into carbon dioxide and water to generate a form of usable energy. It is the second of three metabolic pathways that are involved in fuel molecule catabolism and ATP production, the other two being glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation.  Check out the link below for more information.
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The Krebs cycle, also called the Citric Acid Cycle, is a method by which cells undergo aerobic cellular respiration.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kreb%27s_cycle
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The process in which people take in nutrients and use them to nourish their body, grow, and produce energy.
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Biology.  Or Chemistry.
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enzyme catalysis, defense, transport, support, motion, regulation, and storage.
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the list of activities is endless:\n\nDNA replication, mitosis, protein synthesis, lipid synthesis, protein and lipid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, cholesterol synthesis, and on and on and on the list goes . . . . of course it all depends on the type of cell.
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Metabolism is the sum of all chemical reactions within the body.  the basics can be broken down into 2 groups.. Catabolism and anabolism.  Catabolism is the chemical processes that break down complex molecules to release energy.  Anabolism is the process to build up complex chemical compounds from simpler chemical compounds using stored energy.  \nIf your want to know more you should run a search on Krebs cycle, Glycolosis, lipid metabolism, and Protien Anabolism/Catabolism
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understanding the reaction meachanism \neffect of catalysts etc....\ndetermining the amounts needed
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* The process begins with the oxidation of pyruvate, producing one CO2, and one acetyl-CoA.\n    * Acetyl-CoA reacts with the four carbon carboxylic acid, oxaloacetate--to form the six carbon carboxylic acid, citrate.\n    * Through a series of reactions citrate is converted back to oxaloacetate. This cycle produces 2 CO2 and consumes 3 NAD+, producing 3NADH and 3H+.\n    * It consumes 3 H2O and consumes one FAD, producing one FADH+.\n    * 1st turn end= 1 ATP, 3 NADH, 1 FADH2\n    * Since there are two molecules of Pyruvic acid to deal with, the cycle turns once more.\n    * The complete end result= 2 ATP, 6 NADH, 2 FADH2