forest management system in malaysia?
459870
(m)\n\nMalaysia is well-endowed with rich and renewable natural tropical forest resources. The total area of natural forests in Malaysia at the end of 1989 was estimated at 19.49 million ha or 56.3 percent of the total land area. The total growing stock of all trees of 10 cm DBH or more was estimated to be 4600 million m3 of which about 1280 million m3 were considered to be merchantable volume comprising all trees of 45 cm DBH or more. Besides providing direct benefits, the forests play a vital role in maintaining environmental stability and quality; protecting soil and water resources; conserving biological diversity; and preserving cultural, recreational and other intrinsic values which enhance people's quality of life. \n\nThe importance of the natural forests to the Malaysian economy and the people's welfare was reflected in the early establishment of the Federal and State Forest Services, the forest research and training institutions and the National Forestry Council. National and state forestry policies and legislations have been adopted, Totally Protected Areas and a Permanent Forest Estate (PFE) established and forestry practices, based on the concept and principles of sustained yield, developed for sustainable forest management. Currently, the PFE comprises 12.73 million ha or 38.7 percent of the total land area and will eventually be increased to more than 14 million ha. Approximately 10 million ha or 78.5 percent of the PFE have been identified as production forest to be managed sustainably. In addition to the PFE, 1.06 million ha have been reserved as Totally Protected Areas and a funkier 0.75 million ha have been proposed for reservation (Thang, personal communication, 1991). \n\nCurrent forest management practices \n\nThe natural forests in Malaysia are managed in accordance with the concept and principles of sustained yield for all forms of forest produce. Traditionally, they have been managed under the Malayan Uniform System (MUS) which prescribes the removal of the mature crop in a single felling of all trees down to 45 cm DBH and the release of selected natural regeneration by poison girdling of defective relicts and non-commercial species down to 15 cm DBH (Thang, 1990). Approximately two to five years after the final felling, a post-felling forest inventory or diagnostic sampling is carried out to determine the stocking, status and condition of the regeneration and to prescribe appropriate silvicultural treatments. \n\nSelective harvesting of dipterocarp forest in Malaysia \n\nAs the MUS relied mainly on seedlings and saplings to form the next crop, silvicultural treatments were designed to favour these groups, often at the expense of the bigger trees. Such treatments tend to lead to a much heavier poison girdling than is necessary and, in some cases, a too drastic opening of the canopy. Consequently, the MUS has been substantially modified over time, with a shift toward more selective felling and the retention of advanced growth as well as a more discriminating use of poison girdling as a silvicultural tool. \n\nThe MUS has been applied successfully to the lowland dipterocarp forests but has been found to be unsuitable in the hill dipterocarp forests because of the more difficult terrain; uneven stocking; lack of natural regeneration on the forest floor before logging; uncertain seedling regeneration after logging (caused by irregular seeding); danger of erosion on steep slopes; incidence of the stemless palm (Eugeissona triste); and other secondary growth favoured by a drastic opening of the canopy (Thang, 1990). The shift from the MUS toward a more conservation-oriented approach to the management of tropical forests in Malaysia was also prompted by the realization that the diversity of the flora and timber species need not necessarily be disadvantageous to future wood production policies and strategies but could enable the wood-based industries to take advantage of changing demands of the timber
642003
Malaysian stats dept. website doesnt' give details.\n\nBut the United Nations give the following figure..\n\nMalaysia\nDemographic profile 2005\n\nIndicator 2005\nPopulation (thousands) 25 347\nMale population (thousands) 12 865\nFemale population (thousands) 12 483\nPopulation sex ratio (males per 100 females) 103.1\nPercentage aged 0-4 (%) 10.8\nPercentage aged 5-14 (%) 21.6\nPercentage aged 15-24 (%) 18.1\nPercentage aged 60 or over (%) 7.0\nPercentage aged 65 or over (%) 4.6\nPercentage aged 80 or over (%) 0.6\n\n\nHope the above helps..
252376
I got pages to come up searching on Google, but they don't appear to be in English.  If you speak Malaysian (or whatever the language is) you can search Google and probably find what you need.
550997
There's a forester's tool called a clinometer. Look it up online and get one, or you can go to the local high school and see if the ag department has one there you can borrow. They are very accurate. I use them in foresty competitions with the FFA.
594806
I dunno. Maybe yes maybe not. Are you from Malaysia?
373577
try http://www.fs.fed.us/r9/forests/marktwain/maps/
581557
u can try this links:\n\nhttp://agrolink.moa.my/moa1/newspaper/alamsekitar/\nwww.doe.gov.my\nhttp://agrolink.moa.my/did/ didkedah/pmerdeka.html\nwww.hmetro.com.my/Current_News/HM/\nhttp://myschoolnet.ppk.kpm.my\nwww.jas.sains.my\nhttp://sabah.edu.my\nwww.mns.org.my/ e-tutorial/aktiviti_4.htm\nwww.prn2.usm.my/.../ bulletin/2002/penawar40.html\nhttp://www.kjc.gov.my/malay/penerbitan
101961
Maybe you can search directory of factories using Malaysia Yellow Pages. You can also use Malaysian Yellow Pages on the internet at http://www.yellowpages.com.my/
870415
Bring back to malaysia for repair
6884
I believe the site below will do what you want, but am not sure since I don't read Malay.
381433
Oi mat saleh, simply google the thing lah...\nAnyway, here are some links I found:\n\nhttp://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/c/chronic_lower_respiratory_diseases/stats-country.htm  (scroll down to find the asian stats)\n\nhttp://www.prb.org/datafind/datafinder7.htm (choose the country & whatever data you like)\n\nhttp://www.who.int/tobacco/media/en/Malaysia.pdf\n\n& the list continues, my friend... Perhaps you could try the Community Med txtbook (like Park's), but more specific to M'sia.
1052889
Use the Malaysian yellow pages
387952
As a true Malaysian:-\n\n1945 - Malayan Union concept was established by the British Imperialism government to establish a crown satus nation that path way to formation of Independence of Malaya. However, many local objected the motion as it expells all the 9 states monarchy Sultanes roll in political issues and excludes singapore from the union.\n\n1947 - After seeing the uprising and riots among the Malays, British decided to replace the motion with the establishment of The Federation of Malaya but the talks on the Chinese and Indian immigrants continues.\n\n1948 - Malaya entered the State Of Emergency period due to the uprising Communist rebellion.\n\n1949 - The First Malaya General Election, in which winned by the Alliance Party comprising UMNO (Malay), MCA (Chinese) and MIC (Indian). The British now understand that the Malayan people wanted a multi racial nations. This gives the Immigrant their citixenship with the consents of the majority Malays population.\n\n1955-1956 Tunku Abdul Rahman led a group of Alliance Party leaders to London to negotiate about the independence Of Malaya. Finally, the negotiation is achieved in February 1956 and the independence is officially given.\n\n1957 - Independence and formation of The Federation Of Malaya at 31 August 1957.\n\n1960 - The Communist rebels became weaker and weaker, leading to the uplift of the State of Emergency to be abolished for the first time since 1948\n\n1962 - Talks on giving independence to Singapore, Sabah, Sarawak and Brunei between local leaders and British. Singapore seems to be fine to enter Malaya. However, Brunei opposition leaders object the motion and cause chaos that lead to the abandon of the decision to enter Malaya. Sabah and Sarawak generally agree to enter however was objected by The Phillipines and Indonesia. Phillipines claim their sovereignity over Sabah while Indonesia wants to form a vast Malay nations that includes Malaya. UN decided to run a survey over locals of Sabah and Sarawak through Reid Council and Cobbold Council. Eventually Sabah and Sarawak agree to enter Malaya.\n\n1963 - The Formation of The Federation of MAlaysia is established at 16 September 1963 comprising 9 states of Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak and Singapore.\n\n1965 - However due to disagreement and misunderstanding among leaders of central government and Singapore authority, Singapore left the Union at 6 August 1965 to form a seperate nation.
727902
Where are you from? I think it should be around RM70
1144051
try these links:\n\n1.http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.blm.gov/education/00_resources/articles/understanding_ecosystem_management/images/backyard_world_poster.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.blm.gov/education/00_resources/articles/understanding_ecosystem_management/poster.html&h=1085&w=800&sz=126&tbnid=Pnx74f9lB1a-rM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=110&hl=en&start=6&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironmental%2Beducation%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN\n\n\n\n2.http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://eprc.kyoto-u.ac.jp/highmoon/(j)Environmental%2520education.jpg&imgrefurl=http://eprc.kyoto-u.ac.jp/highmoon/Gallery(Japanese).htm&h=520&w=720&sz=82&tbnid=HGXG3FQQ66VmDM:&tbnh=100&tbnw=139&hl=en&start=7&prev=/images%3Fq%3Denvironmental%2Beducation%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DN\n\n3.http://www.ricoh.com/environment/education/img/im_03_01.jpg\n\n\n4.http://www.ricoh.com/environment/education/img/im_03_01.jpg\n\n5.http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HEC/HSPH/v5n12.gif\n\nthere are lot of posters on these links.
542940
1 Use of forests for timber.\n\n2 Use of forests for fuel (fires etc)\n\n3 Clearing land for agricluture.\n\n4 Climatic change.\n\n5 Desease and pests, introduced and otherwise.
1025957
In Malaysia, there are no such laws.  The people here are very conservative and traditional when it comes to marriage..i.e. man and woman only.  There are homosexual couples, for sure, but they are no provisions for marriage for them.