while training astronauts at nasa, how they create zero gravity?
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I am sure that every one has been to the amusement park and on a ride that drops suddenly.  If so you have experienced zero gravity. Zero gravity is noticed when something is in free fall. For example 2 parachutists. From the ground they are falling due to gravity.  But to each other they are in free fall. Jump out of a plane holding a weighted object (one not affected by wind) As long as you and the object are falling together you are free falling.  Let the weight go and it will stay right next to you. Any airplane that climbs and then you push the stick over, it will drop away from you and you will float unless buckeled in.  Yes that is how they train in the cargo bay of a plane.  No special equipment needed (except the padding helps). They climb and at any point the pilot pushes the stick forward, the plane goes into a dive, and everyone is weightless. Altitude is only determined by: how long you wnat to float and being able to safely recover from the dive.  In the movie Apollo 13, the "floating space sequences"were filmed in the back of a cargo plane that had the space capsule set in it. They were weightless in those scenes. Yes the swimming pool training is very similar to weightless conditions, because they are in "zero bouyancy".
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Artificial gravity in space is created using something called centripetal force. Most people call this centrifugal force and assume it flings things outward from the center of motion, but this is a misconception.\n\nWhat is actually happending when you are on a playground merry go round, going through a loop in a roller coaster, or are on a space station of the future, is this:\n\nAll objects, when set in motion, want to go in a straight line. If you attach a clay ball to a string, and swing it around in a circle, and the string breaks, the clay ball does not fly outward from the center of revolution, but it flies out tangent to the radius of the circle from the point that the string broke at. To see what a tangent line is, draw a circle, then pick a point on the line of the circle and draw a staight line....kind of like if you were to draw a ball sitting on a table, the table is tangent to the ball. \n\nSo, once the string breaks the clay ball will no longer go in a circular motion but in a straight line (though here on Earth gravity would have it fall the the floor of course). \n\nNow, the only reason the clay ball travels in a circular motion is because of the string. Every time the ball tries to go in a striaght line, the string yanks it back in a different direction. If you could see the forces at one point in time as this is occuring, you'd see that the force of the string is actually pulling the ball towards the center of motion. This force is called the centripetal force and it is an inward force.\n\nThe same thing applies when you are on a futuristic space station. Though there isn't a string attached to you, your body wants to move in a straight line, tangent to any given point along the circular path you are traveling, and the centripetal force that prevents this is coming from the floor of the space station, pushing you inward towards the center of motion.\n\nIf suddenly the floor were to break away, you'd fly out on a path tangent to that point.\n\nSo, to answer your question, if the space station and core were able to spin seperately, it'd need to be the outer part of the soace station, if I understand your question correctly.
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Hope this helps...\n\nAstronaut Requirements\n\n  \n\n \nHave you ever wondered if you have what it takes to become a NASA Astronaut? The term "astronaut" derives from the Greek words meaning "space sailor," and refers to all who have been launched as crew members aboard NASA spacecraft bound for orbit and beyond. Since the inception of NASA's human space flight program, we have also maintained the term "astronaut" as the title for those selected to join the NASA corps of astronauts who make "space sailing" their career profession. The term "cosmonaut" refers to those space sailors who are members of the Russian space program. \n\nThe crew of each launched spacecraft is made up of astronauts or cosmonauts drawn from the various categories described in these pages. The crew assignments and duties of commander, pilot, mission specialist, or payload specialist are drawn from the NASA professional career astronauts. Mission Applicants for the Astronaut Candidate Program must be citizens of the United States.  \n\nPilot astronauts serve as both Space Shuttle and International Space Station commanders and pilots. During flight, the commander has onboard responsibility for the vehicle, crew, mission success and safety of flight. The pilot assists the commander in controlling and operating the vehicle. In addition, the pilot may assist in the deployment and retrieval of satellites utilizing the remote manipulator system, in extravehicular activities, and in other payload operations. \n\nBasic requirements for an Astronaut Pilot include the following: \n\n1. Bachelor's degree from an accredited institution in engineering, biological science, physical science, or mathematics. An advanced degree is desirable. Quality of academic preparation is important. \n\n2. At least 1,000 hours pilot-in-command time in jet aircraft. Flight test experience is highly desirable. \n\n3. Ability to pass a NASA space physical which is similar to a military or civilian flight physical and includes the following specific standards: \nDistant visual acuity: 20/100 or better uncorrected, correctable to 20/20 each eye. \nBlood pressure: 140/90 measured in a sitting position. \nHeight between 64 and 76 inches. \n\nMission specialist astronauts work with the commander and the pilot and have overall responsibility for coordinating operations in the following areas: systems, crew activity planning, consumables usage, and experiment/payload operations. Mission specialists are trained in the details of the onboard systems, as well as the operational characteristics, mission requirements/ objectives, and supporting equipment/systems for each of the experiments conducted on their assigned missions. Mission specialists perform extravehicular activities (EVAs), or space walks, operate the remote manipulator system, and are responsible for payloads and specific experiment operations.\n\nMission specialist astronauts, working with the commander and pilot, have overall responsibility for the coordination of Shuttle operations in the areas of crew activity planning, consumables usage, and experiment and payload operations. Mission specialists are required to have a detailed knowledge of Shuttle systems, as well as detailed knowledge of the operational characteristics, mission requirements and objectives, and supporting systems and equipment for each payload element on their assigned missions. Mission specialists will perform extravehicular activities, payload handling using the remote manipulator system, and perform or assist in specific experiment operations.\n\n\nBasic requirements for a Mission Specialist include the following: \n\n1. Bachelor's degree from an accredited institution in engineering, biological science, physical science, or mathematics. Degree must be followed by at least three years of related, progressively responsible, professional experience. An advanced degree is desirable and may be substit
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NASA chooses its astronauts from an increasingly diverse pool of applicants that, 'looks like America". From thousands of applications from all over the world, approximately 100 men and women are chosen for an intensive astronaut candidate training program every two years.  "I cannot imagine a better career. I've done more than I could ever have imagined. I'm thankful that I've been at the right place at the right time," said Kenneth S. Reightler.\n\n(see NASA link for more info)
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The astronaut actually has to pass his own gas to stay warm in space :).. \nok seriously To work in the open cargo bay of the space shuttle or in space, astronauts wear the shuttle extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) spacesuit and they are kept warm by their own bodies heat because of the well insulation and design of the EMU
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The theory is strong.  It should work that, if an athlete were to train under a progressively increasing gravitational pull, he or she would perform proprtionately better under in a lower-gravity environment.\n\nThe converse is true, as proven by astronauts that return to earth after long stints in micro-gravity.  They have been quoted as saying that a standard wrist watch becomes a bowling ball on after as little as 30 days in orbit.
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http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/scienceques2002/20030516.htm
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All space garbage should be recycled and composted into an ecosystem. Thats the complicated set of chemistry questions that goes wtih that particular problem.\n\nUsing large enough diameters and centripetal force we can generate strong enough and stable enough pseudo\ngravity to compensate for that problem. A chemical problem with a civil engineering fix.
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Rocket Principles\nA consquence of Newton's laws of motion is that for any object, or collection of objects, forces which only involve those objects and nothing else ("internal forces") cannot shift the center of gravity. For example, an astronaut floating in a space suit cannot shift his position without involving something else, e. g. pushing against his spacecraft. The center of gravity--or "center of mass"--is a fixed point, which cannot be moved without outside help (turning around it, however, is possible).\n\nBy throwing a heavy tool in one direction, the astronaut could get moving in the opposite direction, though the common center of gravity of the two would always stay the same. Given a bottle of compressed oxygen, the same result follows from squirting out a blast of gas (a scene that appeared in an early science fiction film). A rocket does much the same, except that the cold gas is replaced by the much faster jet of glowing gas produced by the burning of suitable fuel. At present, rockets are the only means capable of achieving the altitude and velocity necessary to put a payload into orbit.\n\nA rocket engine is a machine that develops thrust by the rapid expulsion of matter. Most rockets today operate with either solid or liquid propellants. The word propellant does not mean simply fuel, as you might think; it means both fuel and oxidizer. The fuel is the chemical rockets burn but, for burning to take place, an oxidizer (oxygen) must be present. Jet engines draw oxygen into their engines from the surrounding air. Rockets do not have the luxury that jet planes have; they must carry oxygen with them into space, where there is no air.\n\nThere are a number of terms used to describe the power generated by a rocket. \n\n\nThrust is the force generated, measured in pounds or kilograms. Thrust generated by the first stage must be greater than the weight of the complete launch vehicle while standing on the launch pad in order to get it moving. Once moving upward, thrust must continue to be generated to accelerate the launch vehicle against the force of the Earth's gravity. To place a satellite into orbit around the Earth, thrust must continue until the minimum altitude and orbital velocity have been attained or the launch vehicle will fall back to the Earth. Minimum altitude is rarely desirable, therefore thrust must continue to be generated to gain additional orbital altitude.\n\nThe impulse, sometimes called total impulse, is the product of thrust and the effective firing duration. A shoulder fired rocket has an average thrust of 600 lbs and a firing duration of 0.2 seconds for an impulse of 120 lb-sec. The Saturn V rocket, used during the Apollo program, not only generated much more thrust but also for a much longer time. It had an impulse of 1.15 billion lb-sec.\n\nThe efficiency of a rocket engine is measured by its specific impulse (Isp). Specific impulse is defined as the thrust divided by the mass of propellant consumed per second. The result is expressed in seconds. The specific impulse can be thought of as the number of seconds that one pound of propellant will produce one pound of thrust. If thrust is expressed in pounds, a specific impulse of 300 seconds is considered good. Higher values are better. A rocket's mass ratio is defined as the total mass at lift-off divided by the mass remaining after all the propellant has been consumed. A high mass ratio means that more propellant is pushing less launch vehicle and payload mass, resulting in higher velocity. A high mass ratio is necessary to achieve the high velocities needed to put a payload into orbit.\n\nThere are three categories of chemical propellants for rocket engines: liquid propellant, solid propellant, and hybrid propellant. The propellant for a chemical rocket engine usually consists of a fuel and an oxidizer. Sometimes a catalyst is added to enhance the chemical reaction between the fuel and the oxidizer. Each catego
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The biggest misconception people have about space is there is no gravity in space.  This isn't true.  Otherwise, the spacecraft that astronauts are riding in would not orbit the Earth - they fly off in a straight line and never return.\n\nBoth the spacecraft and the astronaut are being pulled by gravity.  The illusion of no gravity ('weightlessness') is caused by the fact that both the spacecraft and the astronaut are orbiting the Earth at the same rate.  In essence, it's as if the spacecraft and astronaut were both falling at the same rate - instead of being pulled 'through' the floor by gravity, the floor is also falling.
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I suggest you build an anti-gravity lifter device that is able to float in the air without anything supporting it.\n\nhttp://www.amazing1.com/grav.htm
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Typically astronauts come out of the military since NASA, government and military have similar aviation ties.  ANYONE can be an astronaut but is does take alot of education and "moving up the ranks".  The type of education required usually needs to be heavily science + math based.  Pilot training is absolutely crucial.  \n\nor \n\nmake a ton of money and pay the russians to take you as has been the case of Dennis Tito, Mark Shuttleworth and Gregory Olsen.  Greg Olsen reported paid $20 million for his 10-day stint.
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gravity shows them to move and rotate. the hubble space telescope has pics that show it in time lapse of course.
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NO it doesn't - if you're referring only to space - at zero gravity that is! \n\nThe initial launching rocket boosters are abandoned once you enter space, and the fuel is filled only to the suffice the requirement of the rocket launch - enough to push it into space for the rocket to thereon move autonomously.
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The Russian IL-76 MDK aircraft, better known as the Flying Laboratory, simulates gravity and zero gravity.  It flies up and down on a parabolic course.  When it reaches the top and flies down, it simulates 1/3 gravity the first time. With a more steep downward angle, it simulates zero gravity for about 25 seconds.  The plane flies downward at the same acceloration of gravity.  When the plane has to fly upward out of the descent, it simulates 3Gs.  The Flying Laboratory is open to the public.  For $5000, you can experience 5 total minutes of zero gravity.\n\nThere's a similiar Boeing 727 open to the public in Ft. Lauderdale, FL that goes for $2950 per person.
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I don't know what exactly is your question! If anti-gravity could be manipulated ever, i think if would be very useful for us, maybe even in interstellar travels.
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playing a simple game of catch invovles the quadratic equation. Im positive nasa uses the quadratic equation for determining flight angles and all that stuff.