what is immunogloblin A deficiency?
461991
Definition\n\nImmunoglobulin deficiency syndromes are a group of immunodeficiency disorders in which the patient has a reduced number of or lack of antibodies.\n\n\n  Description\n\nImmunoglobulins (Ig) are antibodies. There are five major classes of antibodies: IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE.\n\n\nIgG is the most abundant of the classes of immunoglobulins. It is the antibody for viruses, bacteria, and antitoxins. It is found in most tissues and plasma. \nIgM is the first antibody present in an immune response. \nIgA is an early antibody for bacteria and viruses. It is found in saliva, tears, and all other mucous secretions. \nIgD activity is not well understood. \nIgE is present in the respiratory secretions. It is an antibody for parasitic diseases, Hodgkin's disease, hay fever, atopic dermatitis, and allergic asthma). \nAll antibodies are made by B-lymphocytes (B-cells). Any disease that harms the development or function of B-cells will cause a decrease in the amount of antibodies produced. Since antibodies are essential in fighting infectious diseases, people with immunoglobulin deficiency syndromes become ill more often. However, the cellular immune system is still functional, so these patients are more prone to infection caused by organisms usually controlled by antibodies. Most of these invading germs (microbes) make capsules, a mechanism used to confuse the immune system. In a healthy body, antibodies can bind to the capsule and overcome the bacteria's defenses. The bacteria that make capsules include the streptococci, meningococci, and Haemophilus influenzae. These organisms cause such diseases as otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, and sepsis. Patients with immunoglobulin deficiencies are also prone to some viral infections, including echovirus, enterovirus, and hepatitis B. They may also have a bad reaction to the attenuated version of the polio virus vaccine.\n\n\nThere are two types of immunodeficiency diseases: primary and secondary. Secondary disorders occur in normally healthy bodies that are suffering from an underlying disease. Once the disease is treated, the immunodeficiency is reversed. Immunoglobulin deficiency syndromes are primary immunodeficiency diseases, occurring because of defective B-cells or antibodies. They account for 50% of all primary immunodeficiencies, and they are, therefore, the most prevalent type of immunodeficiency disorders.\n\n\nX-linked agammaglobulinemia is an inherited disease. The defect is on the X chromosome and, consequently, this disease is seen more frequently in males than females. The defect results in a failure of B-cells to mature. Mature B-cells are capable of making antibodies and developing "memory," a feature in which the B-cell will rapidly recognize and respond to an infectious agent the next time it is encountered. All classes of antibodies are decreased in agammaglobulinemia. \nSelective IgA deficiency is an inherited disease, resulting from a failure of B-cells to switch from making IgM, the early antibody, to IgA. Although the B-cell numbers are normal, and the B-cells are otherwise normal (they can still make all other classes of antibodies), the amount of IgA produced is limited. This results in more infections of mucosal surfaces, such as the nose, throat, lungs, and intestines. \nTransient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy is a temporary disease of unknown cause. It is believed to be caused by a defect in the development of T-helper cells (cells that recognize foreign antigens and activate T- and B-cells in an immune response). As the child ages, the number and condition of T-helper cells improves and this situation corrects itself. Hypogammaglobulinemia is characterized by low levels of gammaglobulin (antibodies) in the blood. During the disease period, patients have decreased levels of IgG and IgA antibodies. In lab tests, the antibodies that are present do not react well with infectious bacteria. \nCom
835537
Ask to have her antibody levels tested (IgG, IgA, IgM). It is a simple blood test and won't cause her any more pain that having blood drawn.The long running fever suggests that her body is working to fight an infection. It is possible that her body is having trouble finding and/or fighting the infection because of a depressed or suppressed immune system. Think about how many infections she has had over the past year? How many times has she had to be on antibiotics? How many times have you had to repeat a course of antibiotics? \n\nI hope your little one feels better soon.
560815
immune system...my friends baby had the mumps and got very sick with a fever
27566
Its very important.  being an immunology student im a little biased, but its the fastest moving science at the moment.  If there were no immunologsts then your doctor would be no more than a mere Quack
152678
Maybe, your immune system is weak. Immuno suppression may result in recurrent infections. See your doctor for further evaluation.
375804
yes,\na person can have an alergic reaction to any protein if presented to the body in a specific way.\n\npeople are treated post transplant to immunosupressive drugs to prevent the body mounting an imune reaction to foreign material (from another person)\nhowever instances where this can happen are rare.\n\na more common occurence happens between mother and baby.  if a mother is rhesus blood group negative,  and gives birth to a rhesus positive baby.  doe to some mixing of bloods at birth,  she in effect vaccinates herself against rhesus blood.\nAny subsequent rhesus +ve babies born to this mother will be in serious danger of the mothers anti bodies destroying their cells. (so the mother has a reaction against the cells of the baby)\n\ncertain imune system related diseases such as atopic dermatitis are basically a skin manifestation of exposure to foreign alergenic material, this is commonly house dust which is the individuals own and other peoples sloughed dead skin.  the actual alergenic component to which a person reacts is ofen not found,  but this could technically be an immune reaction to another person.
470641
It could be the early signs of an infection because Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the first antibody produced an infection if the person has never been exposed to that particular infection. Next the immune system produces IgG and creates a memory for that infection. The next time the person is infected by that virus or bacteria the immune system will only produce IgG. \nSeeing as IgM is produced predomiately in early stages of a new infection I would say this should be the first assumption.
594366
laurence-moon-bardet-biedl syndrome (lmbbs) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by obesity, retinal degeneration, extra digits on the hands and feet, and intellectual impairment. \n\n<since the dna is distributed into chromosomes, the specific dna strands you're looking for would be the chromosomal location of the genes responsible for the syndrome so...>\n\nin 1993, the gene responsible for lmbss was located on chromosome 16q21 (type 2). shortly thereafter, another gene on chromosome 11q13 (type 1) was identified. since then, two others were found on chromosomes 3p12 (type 3) and 15q22 (type 4). the most common form of lmbb is type 1 and the most rare form is type 3. it is expected, however, that another gene that causes the syndrome also exists because there are identified cases that have none of these four defects.\n\nthe disorder laurence-moon-bardet-biedl syndrome (lmbbs) was recently split into laurence-moon (lms) and bardet-biedl (bbs), where lms is characterized as the cases involving mental retardation and spastic paresis and bbs involved obesity, polydactyly, and learning disabilities. it has been shown that bbs represents the majority of published cases.
387397
The cause of B12 deficiency is a problem with the parietal cells in your intestines.  They release something called "Intrinsic Factor" which helps absorb B12.  So if you have stomach or intestinal problems, you lost the intrinsic factor.  You can take B12/Folate pills to fix the problem, and it's not a big deal.
770411
They maybe checking for the following: \nSickle cell anemia, Iron dificency, Bata thalassemia trait, aplastic anemia.   Add....'HaemoglobinA1C'  to the list of test and see what you find.\n\nGOOD  LUCK.
147703
first you will need the blood sample, anti-A antibody and anti-B antibody. \nplace a drop of anti-A and anti-B antibody on separate slides.\nsmall amount of blood is taken from the patient's 4th finger. the blood sample is then mixed with the droplets of the antibodies.\nafter a few minutes, observe any signs of agglutination on the slides. if agglutination occurs on slide with anti-A antibody, the blood contains antigen A (blood type A). if agglutination occurs on slide with anti-B antibody, the blood contains antigen B (blood type B). if there's agglutination on both slides, the person has blood type AB. if there's no agglutination, the person has blood type O.
1113045
Yeah, I've got narcolepsy and an immunoglobulin deficiency (IgG).
655371
I think that the correct word you are looking for is IMMUNOGEN: "any substance or organism that provokes an immune response (produces immunity) when introduced into the body"\n\nNot all immunogens are antigens (which means "substance capable of raising antibodies against it") nor allergens ("responsible of causing allergy, a particular kind of immune response.")
531427
Poor night vision or poor adaptation to darkness is often a clinical sign of vitamin A deficiency and/or zinc deficiency.  How well are you eating?  Are you eating the recommended 5-9 servings of fresh fruits and vegetables and 3 servings of WHOLE grains each day?  Do you have any digestion or malabsorption problems?  Do you have obvious other health problems with your skin, hair, immune system, energy, etc.?\n\nVitamin A and Zinc deficiencies are fairly common because so many people today try to live on junk food diets.  If any of this 'sounds like you' it may be a good idea to see a nutrition-oriented health care professional for proper assessment and guidance.\n\nBest wishes.
1152550
Hey,\n   I have autoimmune problems as well.  Sucks don't it...\n\nMine is Polyglandular Deficiency Syndrome type II  and I am developing the arthritis to go with it...\n\nIf you need to talk contact me \n\nI'll give you my regular e-mail\nGraugeist@comcast.net
632674
Agree with above: possible options are A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+ and AB-.\n\nTo go into more detail, and explain why a kid with blood type B is possible:\n\nBlood types are named according to proteins in the blood. If you have protein A but not B, you are blood type A. If you have B but not A, you are blood type B. If you have both, you're AB, and if neither, you're O. (O is "recessive" - it just means that you don't make protein, so to be blood type O, you have to have two O genes.)\n\nYou only need one copy of a gene to make the protein, but we all have two copies (alleles) of each gene. We know the dad has to have one A and one B gene. However, the mom could have two A genes, or only one A and one O.\n\nEach parent gives one allele to the child. If the mom has genes AO, she could give the O to the child. The dad has both A and B. So, if a kid ended up with O from mom and B from dad, its genes would be OB and its blood type would be B.\n\nThe Rhesus factor (Rh) + or - is also recessive. If both parents are carrying a negative gene, and the kid got two copies of the negative gene, then it could be Rh-.
216535
Infant's and children's immune systems aren't fully developed.