how infrared spectroscopy used in an industry to find the purity of an ester?
457821
When you use an IR spectroscopy machine, you get a a graph show the amount of energy transmitted by the substance as different wavelengths. If the substance you're testing is pure, the graph will have specific peaks at certain wavelengths. So the graph will have a certain shape for a certain substance. If there are impurities in an ester, you will see peaks in the IR graph that are not in the ester's actual spectroscopy graph, indicating something else in it. If the ester is pure, its IR graph would match that in a reference book.
238846
forensic chemists conduct many different analyses including tests to determine purity of drugs, drug concentrations in bodily fluids such as blood and urine, analysis of accelerants used in arson, trace analysis (glass, paint components, fibers, hairs, etc.), analysis of unknown substances and so on.\n\nThese analyses can be used in conjunction with other evidence to either incriminate or exonerate suspects, determine severity of sentencing criminals and even to rule out foul play all together.
852825
A spectrophotometer is used for measuring concentrations in solution, and could be used for finding ammonia concentration within a known, specified range of concentrations.\nHowever, determining ammonia concentration in a 'real world' chemistry lab usually would not involve any type of complicated instrument.  In practice, determining something as simple as ammonia concentration would be analyzed by the use of some basic wet chemistry techniques.  A simple titration with hydrochloric acid and phenolpthalein indicator would be very accurate.
578738
Raman spectroscopy is commonly used in chemistry, since vibrational information is very specific for the chemical bonds in molecules. It therefore provides a fingerprint by which the molecule can be identified. The fingerprint region of organic molecules is in the range 500-2000 cm-1. Another way that the technique is used is to study changes in chemical bonding, e.g. when a substrate is added to an enzyme.\n\nRaman gas analyzers have many practical applications, for instance they are used in medicine for real-time monitoring of anaesthetic and respiratory gas mixtures during surgery.\n\nIn solid state physics, spontaneous Raman spectroscopy is used to, among other things, characterize materials, measure temperature, and find the crystallographic orientation of a sample.\n\nAs with single molecules, a given solid material has characteristic phonon modes that can help an experimenter identify it. In addition, Raman spectroscopy can be used to observe other low frequency excitations of the solid, such as plasmons, magnons, and superconducting gap excitations.\n\nThe spontaneous Raman signal gives information on the population of a given phonon mode in the ratio between the Stokes (downshifted) intensity and anti-Stokes (upshifted) intensity.\n\nRaman scattering by a crystal gives information on the crystal orientation. The polarization of the Raman scattered light with respect to the crystal and the polarization of the laser light can be used to find the orientation of the crystal, if the crystal structure (specifically, its point group) is known.
990083
You don't give us which lab you are doing, so results would be hard to find..  For general information, do a good web search with the name of what you distilled.  I don't think you will find everything you want, but there is a large number of websites on the general subject.
280765
Look at the links at\n\nhttp://www.itt.edu/staff/boyter/links/index.html#CHEMISTRY_ANALYTICAL
497593
Test it for esteroids
304287
This is called Base line correction.\nYour solvent may be having some absorption, or the impurities in it may be having some absorption..so to measure your compunds absorption exactly, you need to take the solvent (n whcih you are going to dissolve your compound later) and do this base line correction.\nIn a way you are telling instruments "NOT TO WORRY ABOUT THESE ABSORPTIONS"\n\nThats it\nYou got it?
220155
Are you asking for an explnation for the spectral proprties  or doy ou want the actual spectral report? either way go here....http://orgchem.colorado.edu/hndbksupport/irtutor/estersir.html
525837
Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry are two scientific methods which, when combined, are vital tools in modern forensic chemistry. This technique is used to separate complex mixtures into their purest components. In forensics, it can be used to determine the level of alcohol in a blood sample or to identify different inks on forged or altered documents. Its most important application to toxicology is that it can accurately identify poisons and toxins.
884312
Distillation Fatty acids and fatty alchols for the Cosmetic industry
235402
See comment above.\n\nYou do need to do several trials at various concentrations though. You can then determine it through a linear regression.\n\nI also suggest that you consult a book on Analytical chemistry, because Beer's law has limitations. For example, it loses linearity at higher concentrations.
27784
By vibrating the molecules.
571092
Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two chemicals (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. These are commonly used as fragrance or flavour agents.\n\nExamples of esterification reactions include:\n\nHeating to reflux an acid (usually, but not always a carboxylic acid) and an alcohol in the presence of an catalyst forms the ester and water byproduct which can be removed to force the equibilibrium across to the desired products. This method is called Fischer esterification \nFor example, esterification of acetic acid in excess ethanol in the presence of sulfuric acid results in an ester (ethyl acetate). \nH3C-COOH + HO-CH2-CH3     →     H3C-COO-CH2-CH3 + H2O (with the presence of conc.sulfuric acid)\n\nthe reaction of an alkali carboxylate and an alcohol. For example, the reaction of sodium acetate with ethanol. \nH3C-COO- Na+ + HO-CH2-CH3 + H+ → H3C-COO-CH2-CH3 + H2O\n\nThe reaction of a silver carboxylate with a halogenoalkane (presumably driven by the insolubility of the silver halide). \nH3C-CO2-Ag+ + Cl-CH2-CH3 → H3C-COO-CH2-CH3 + AgCl\n\nThe reaction of a carboxylic acid halogenide (which is also called acyl halide) with an alcohol/phenol. \nH3C-COCl + HO-CH2-CH3 → H3C-COO-CH2-CH3 + H-Cl\n\nThe reaction of a carboxylic acid anhydride with an alcohol. (This method is used to synthesize aspirin) \nH3C-CO-O-CO-CH3 + HO-CH2-CH3 → H3C-COO-CH2-CH3 + H3C-COOH
699109
Peter B has it right -- atomic absorption will do elemental analysis.\n\nAtomic emission spectroscopy is another tack, though a bit more challenging.
955757
CO2 is measured either by infrared spectroscopy or chemical reaction with hydrazine (N2H4).
712915
i have not heard of spectroscopy being used to determine the amounts of gases, but i guess you could by looking at how deep the colours are. If the colours are paleish = not alot,etc