what is cyclical adjustment and how do i calculate it?
408895
Sounds very complicated.  Probably an assumption that your costs and incomes will need to adjust for inflation and you need to determine what new prices you have to demand in order to maintain a profit.  The assumption, of course, would be how much inflation you could expect.  Feh.  Good luck on that.  Anyhow, sounds like a college homework problem...  Good luck on exams!
252390
I'm going to e-mail you an Excel spreadsheet that will do it.   Don't change anything except the dates and the yellow cells and everything else will automatically calculate.
222701
Go to www.oanda.com  It is a currency conversion website that will calculate rates at different dates and using different exchange rate types (e.g.interbank etc)
124212
Percent Change (PC)\n\nThe percent change (PC) in rates over a particular time period is calculated by taking the difference between the average rate of the first two years and the average rate of the last two years. The difference is then divided by the average rate of the first two years and multiplied by 100 to convert it to a percent.\n\n formula for percent change\nAnnual Percent Change (APC)\n\nThe Annual Percent Change (APC) is calculated by fitting a least squares regression line to the natural logarithm of the rates, using the calendar year as a regressor variable.\n\nn = number of years\n\nr = rates\n\ny = Ln(r)\n\nx = calendar year\n\ny = mx + b\n\nAPC = 100 * (em – 1)\n\nBecause the methods used in the calculation of PC and APC are not directly related, it is possible that the signs of the PC and the APC may disagree.\n\nSee Calculating APC with Weighting for the formulas used in calculating Weighted APCs.\nSignificance Test: APC to 0\n\nTesting the hypothesis that the APC is equal to zero is equivalent to testing the hypothesis that the regression parameter m is equal to zero. The hypothesis is rejected at a significance level p if ProbT(abs(m/SEm), n-2)>= 1-p/2, where ProbT(x,n) is the t distribution function evaluated at x and with n degrees of freedom, and where SEm is the standard error of m from the regression.\nStandard Error for APC\n\nThe standard error, i.e., SEm, is obtained from the fit of the regression. This calculation assumes that the rates increased or decreased at a constant rate over the entire calendar year interval. The validity of this assumption is not assessed. In those few instances where at least one of the rates is equal to zero, the linear regression is not calculated.\n\nSee:\n\nKleinbaum, Kupper, and Muller. Applied Regression Analysis and Other Multivariable Methods. PWS-Kent, Boston, Mass., 2nd edition, 1988.\nConfidence Intervals for APC\n\nThe endpoints of a p x 100% confidence interval are calculated as:\n\nformula for confidence intervals for EAPC\n\nWhere Tval = Tinv(1-p/2,n-2) is the inverse of the t distribution function evaluated at 1-p/2 and with n-2 degrees of freedom.\n\nNote:  In SEER*Stat, you specify the p-value as opposed to the confidence interval.  The confidence interval = (1-p) x 100.  Therefore, a 95% confidence interval is specified by p=.05.\nSignificance Test: APC to APC\n\nThe differences between trends for two time periods are tested for statistical significance by comparing the difference in regression coefficients divided by the standard error of that difference with a T distribution with degrees of freedom defined as the sum of the years in both time periods minus 4 (Kleinbaum, 1988).
1148875
The *right* way to figure this out is to use an algebraic\nformula, but I think it's easier to visualize if you use a\nspreadsheet.\n\nIt's slightly difficult to present a table in Yahoo Answers\nbecause everything is jammed hard against the left\nmargin.  [I'm not sure why that's a feature.]  To help\nreduce the column misalignment, I displayed all of the\nnumbers with a constant width (ie. with leading zeros\nwhen necessary).  Bottom line is that you'd have\n$30344.87 at the end of eleven years.\n\nYear == years since start of account (in half year increments)\nRate == interest rate\nBalance == running balance of account\nInterest == interest payment for previous 6 months\n\n\nYear    Deposit     Rate   Balance  Interest\n\n00.00    820.00     0.000  00820.00   0000.00\n00.50    820.00     1.050  01681.00   0041.00\n01.00    820.00     1.050  02585.05   0084.05\n01.50    820.00     1.050  03534.30   0129.25\n02.00    820.00     1.050  04531.02   0176.72\n02.50    820.00     1.050  05577.57   0226.55\n03.00    820.00     1.050  06676.45   0278.88\n03.50    820.00     1.050  07830.27   0333.82\n04.00    820.00     1.050  09041.78   0391.51\n04.50    820.00     1.039  10214.41   0352.63\n05.00    820.00     1.039  11432.77   0398.36\n05.50    820.00     1.039  12698.65   0445.88\n06.00    820.00     1.039  14013.90   0495.25\n06.50    820.00     1.039  15380.44   0546.54\n07.00    820.00     1.039  16800.28   0599.84\n07.50    820.00     1.039  18275.49   0655.21\n08.00    820.00     1.039  19808.23   0712.74\n08.50    820.00     1.039  21400.76   0772.52\n09.00    820.00     1.039  23055.38   0834.63\n09.50    820.00     1.039  24774.54   0899.16\n10.00    820.00     1.039  26560.75   0966.21\n10.50    820.00     1.039  28416.62   1035.87\n11.00    820.00     1.039  30344.87   1108.25\n\nAdditional comment:\n\nOh man, I messed this up.  Thanks to "Mark Taranto"\nfor catching and correcting my mistake.  \n\nI took yet another look at this and want to\nwork through it carefully.  We appear to have\nas many different answers as there are people\nsubmitting solutions.\n\nOn day 1, Joanne put in $820, so that's her's balance.\n\nAfter 1/2 year, the bank would add half of 5% interest,\nwhich is 820*.025 = 20.50 and Joanne would add another \n$820.  So after six months, she would have:\n\n$820 + $20.50 + $820 = $1660.50\n\n\nAfter one year, the bank will again add half of 5% as\ninterest, which would be $1660.50 * 0.025 = $41.51.  \nThen Joanne would add $820, so the new total would be:\n\n$1660.50 + $41.51 + $820 = 2522.01\n\nContinuing this process in the spreadsheet, the\nfinal result after 11 years is:\n\n$23809.46\n\nThe corrected spreadsheet follows:\n\nYear  Deposit  Rate    Balance  Interest\n\n00.0  820.00  0.0000  00820.00  000.00 \n00.5  820.00  0.0250  01660.50  020.50\n01.0  820.00  0.0250  02522.01  041.51\n01.5  820.00  0.0250  03405.06  063.05\n02.0  820.00  0.0250  04310.19  085.13\n02.5  820.00  0.0250  05237.94  107.75\n03.0  820.00  0.0250  06188.89  130.95\n03.5  820.00  0.0250  07163.62  154.72\n04.0  820.00  0.0250  08162.71  179.09\n04.5  820.00  0.0250  09186.77  204.07\n05.0  820.00  0.0195  10185.92  179.14\n05.5  820.00  0.0195  11204.54  198.63\n06.0  820.00  0.0195  12243.03  218.49\n06.5  820.00  0.0195  13301.77  238.74\n07.0  820.00  0.0195  14381.15  259.38\n07.5  820.00  0.0195  15481.59  280.43\n08.0  820.00  0.0195  16603.48  301.89\n08.5  820.00  0.0195  17747.24  323.77\n09.0  820.00  0.0195  18913.31  346.07\n09.5  820.00  0.0195  20102.12  368.81\n10.0  820.00  0.0195  21314.12  391.99\n10.5  820.00  0.0195  22549.74  415.63\n11.0  820.00  0.0195  23809.46  439.72
361454
Generally, the interest rate elasticity and the duration are used.  The first is the change in value based on the change in rates.  The second is the maturity of a zero with the same elasticity as the given rate/value.\n\nThere's a bunch of math behind it and you can look at the paper below.
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Progresive.com will give you three estimates from their company and two others.\n\nhttp://www.progressive.com
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Annual compounding yields $2,100.00\nQuarterly compounding yields $2,184.03\nMonthly compounding yields $2,203.91\nDaily compounding yields $2,213.69\n\nNotice that the gains made as the compounding periods increase is not proportional.  That is, going from annual to quarterly gives you an additional $84.03, but going from monthly to daily only gives you $9.78 added earnings.  So the more compounding periods there are, the less you will gain by adding more compounding periods.
220624
Try this web site\n\nThey have a calulator to adjust prices to different years.
52977
What I did was took the 2000 and added 500 for each month of the year and multiplied it by 1.035. then i added the 500 a month again and multiplied it by the 1.035 again. i did that until the end of the 10th year and I got 75673.15. Check this with others. this may not be exact!
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the time period = 2 * pi * sqrt (l/g)\n\nthus period is proportional to square root of length.\n\nTheoretically it is not affected by the mass of the bob.
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Gross Domestic Product components\nThe measure of the USA's output of goods and services is calculated by the Commerce Department using the following items: \n\nPersonal consumption \nGovernment expenditures \nPrivate investment \nInventory growth \nTrade balance \nThe GDP is calculated using a "chain-weighted" method. The system is recognizes business has been globalized, deregulation is increasing business activity and relative prices for goods change quickly and dramatically. The "chain" system also recognizes that output for computers, telecommunications equipment and health services is growing much faster than other parts of the economy. The "chain" method forces the government to recalibrate the relative prices of these goods - and their relative importance to the economy - every year.\n\nGDP can be expressed as:\n\nGDP = private consumption + government + investment + net exports \n(or simply GDP = C + G + I + NX)
462718
you need some time to adjust..things will change..give it time.
771544
I am not sure I completely understand you question.  I think you are trying to determine how to calculate overtime.  Try this:  http://deskinlawfirm.com/calculate_your_regular_rate_for_overtime_purposes
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Percentage Change = (Period 1 Amount - Period 0 Amount)/(Period 0 Amount).\n\n\nI'm going to go ahead and add some more info, because this seems like a pretty basic question.  You added the information about net income per common share diluted - which seems awfully close to "diluted EPS". Are you wondering why when you calculate diluted EPS, it doesn't seem to work?  Here's maybe why.  First, diluted EPS uses weighted average, rather than ending average of diluted shares.  The weighted average takes into account when new shares were issued during the year. Secondly, dilutive shares include all securities that are dilutive or potentially dilutive like convertible bonds and stock options.  \n\nI hope that helped.
648708
I know this! I did a problem like this a while ago! It's an exponential equation. It can be used to predict exponential increases or decreases, like bacteria or double/triple/quadrupled information.
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Goose is right. The formula is:\n\nFV = P x e^(r x y) \n\nwhere FV = Future Value; P is your principal, r is the annual interest rate and y is the number of years of continuous compounding and e = lim(n-->inf) of (1+1/n)^n\n= 2.7182818.(about)\nHere's link which explains it quite well and also has a periodic/continuous calculator to fool around with.\n\nhttp://www.moneychimp.com/articles/finworks/continuous_compounding.htm