how invented the spotlight?
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Augustine Fresnel invented the Fresnel lens. (used in lighthouse)\n\nspotlight or searchlight, In 1892 such apparatus was used along the English Channel ( I was thinking it goes back to the ancient Greeks)\n...\nIn 1916 Edison invented a portable electric apparatus powered by storage batteries. ... The electric arc was generally employed after the American inventor E. A. Sperry introduced (1915) his high-intensity arc lamp based on principles that still predominate in modern searchlight equipment.
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The invention of the laser, which stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, can be dated to 1958 with the publication of the scientific paper, Infrared and Optical Masers, by Arthur L. Schawlow, then a Bell Labs researcher, and Charles H. Townes, a consultant to Bell Labs. That paper, published in Physical Review, the journal of the American Physical Society
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The modern version of the traffic light was invented and patented by Garrett Augustus Morgan in 1923.  Morgan, the son of slaves, was born in Kentucky and later moved to Cleveland, where he became a well-respected business man and ran a sewing machine repair shop.  After witnessing one of the frequent accidents that occurred before the days of traffic signals, he decided to do something to help.\n\nThe first ever "traffic light" was a gas lamp that was installed in London in 1868--before cars were invented; it was used for horse carriages.
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Thomas Edison is credited with creating the incandescent light bulb. He, however, did not create it from scratch. He improved on the designs of others. He also created the generating system to power the bulbs.
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highlighting and lowlighting
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Not sure what your question is, but my great-uncle, who worked for Bell Laboratories, was one of the electrical engineers who developed the moving sequence of lights for that sign. You go, Uncle Arthur!
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Edison did not invent the electric lightbulb, which was pioneered by Heinrich Goebel in 1854. Goebel's lamps lasted up to 400 hours, but he did not patent them. Other light bulbs were created by James Woodward and Matthew Evans (patented in 1875) and equipped with carbon filament by Joseph Swan in 1878. However,it was Edison's relentless and endless experimentation that made the lightbulb a practical, commercial proposition. He purchased the 1875 patent and had a team of developers try many alternative materials and thus was eventually able to prolong the burning time in 1879.\nOn November 21, 1877 and he demonstrated the device for the first time on November 29 (he patented it on February 19, 1878).  , Edison invented the phonograph.\nEdison patented the Kinetoscope on August 31, 1887.
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http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa020600h.htm
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Ok, this is how you do it.  You need to have the following items: A coil of copper wire, a barrel shaped magnet, a tube, and a bulb.  Take the tube, and this could even be a paper towel cardboard center, and wrap coils of wire around the outside of the tube as many times as you can.  This should cover the outside of the tube.  Now, take the two ends of the wire and connect them to the + and - of the bulb that you will be using.  You must then place the magnet (a barrel magnet is best, but any will do.  The stronger the better) inside the tube, and cover both ends of the tube.  Now, as long as you are shaking the tube lengthwise, and the magnet slides up and down inside the tube, the bulb will shine.  To make a more practical flashlight, you could do one of two things.  Either have an electrical storage device that will hold the charge so you don't have to keep shaking it, or you could rig something up that will keep the magnet moving inside.  Either or both will work.
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Great question.\n\nSo a guy named Oersted found that a single wire looped from one end of a battery to another made a compass move.\n\nSomehow the electrical current was creating a magnetic field!\n\nBy coiling the wire, just like you might coil a rope into a circle, it was like gathering together lots of small magnets to make one big magnet -- all the magnetic fields were adding up in the same direction.\n\nYou can try this yourself with a little compass, some copper bell wire and a regular flashlight battery.\n\nIf you use two flashlight batteries in a row, so as to give 3 volts, you will roughly double the electrical current flowing in the wire and the magnetic field will roughly double in strength.\n\nIf you use two flashlight batteries side by side (parallel) the voltage will remain the same, but the magnet will last longer as you are drawing less "juice" (energy) out of each battery.\n\nHave fun!
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it's usually called tube lighting
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There seems to be some confusion about whether the person who invented traffic lights was either Garrett Augustus Morgan or William L. Potts.  See http://www33.brinkster.com/iiiii/trfclt/ for more information on that.\n\nHere are some other websites that might help you with your question.\nhttp://www.didyouknow.cd/trafficlights.htm\nhttp://www.blackseek.com/bh/2001/165_GMorgan.htm\nhttp://www.ideafinder.com/history/inventions/trafficlight.htm\n\nHope this helps.
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The invention of the incandescent light bulb has a history spanning from the early 1800s. Until that time, available light sources consisted of candles, oil lanterns, and gas lamps. \n\nIn 1809, an English chemist, Humphrey Davy, started the journey to the invention of a practical incandescent light source. He used a high power battery to induce current between two charcoal strips. The current flowing through the two charcoal strips produced an intense incandescent light, creating the first arc lamp. \n\nIn 1820, Warren De la Rue made the first known attempt to produce an incandescent light bulb. He enclosed a platinum coil in an evacuated tube and passed an electric current through it. The design was based on the concept that the high melting point of platinum would allow it to operate at high temperatures and that the evacuated chamber would contain less gas particles to react with the platinum, improving its longevity. Although it was an efficient design, the cost of the platinum made it impractical for commercial use.\n\nThe invention of the light bulb is usually attributed in Britain to Joseph Wilson Swan and in the United States to Thomas Alva Edison(and his asstant Timothy) (the first to market the device successfully). Alexander Nikolayevich Lodygin independently developed an incandescent light bulb in 1874. Many others also had a hand in the development of a practical device for the production of electric light.
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Hero's Engine\nChinese Traction Engine circa 1600\nTurned into a useful tool by James Watt - no he didn't invent it.
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invented by Thomas Edison in 1879\n\nheres 833,000 sources
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Here are some links to help you out http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/bltelevision.htm\n\nGood Luck!!!
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I copied some material from the page listed below.  I'm not sure I could make one from the information but I think it is what you want.\n\nNonelectric incandescent lamps include the gas-mantle lamp. The mantle is a mesh bag of fabric impregnated with a solution of nitrates of cerium and one or more of the following metals:\nthorium, beryllium, aluminum, or magnesium. \nThe process of making gas mantles originally involved several steps, beginning with the knitting of the cotton/silk fabric. The saturation step the fabric was saturated in lighting fluid. This fluid contains the thorium and cerium salts. The fabric was then dried on wood or glass forms and then carefully plaited together. An asbestos cord was drawn through to form a loop. The fabric was then shaped to fit a mantle by fitting it over a wooden form. It was estimated that American consumers used 40,00,000 mantles per year when gas lighting was commonly used. \n\nThe mantle is fixed over an orifice carrying a flammable gas such as natural gas, coal gas, propane, or vaporized benzene or other fuel. When the gas is ignited, the mantle fabric burns away, leaving a brittle residual lattice of metal oxides. Light is produced when this lattice is heated to glowing by the gas combustion, although the mantle itself does not burn.\nGas lamps may operate without mantles. \n\nCerium nitrate has been used in the manufacture of incandescent-gas mantles. The metal serves as an ingredient in the carbon-impregnated arc lamps that have been used for illumination in the motion-picture, television, and related industries. Cerium is iron gray in color and about as soft and ductile as tin. It oxidizes slowly in air, rapidly reacts with water to yield hydrogen, and burns brilliantly when heated. \n\nDr. Carl Auer von Welsbach was an Austrian chemist and engineer who invented the gas mantle, thus allowing the greatly increased output of light by gas lamps. In 1885 Welsbach discovered and isolated the elements neodymium and praseodymium from a mixture called didymium, which was previously considered an element. His interest in rare-earth elements continued, and he found that a fabric impregnated with a mixture of thorium nitrate and cerium nitrate could be made into a mantle that glowed brightly when heated by a gas flame. Patented in 1885, the Welsbach mantle greatly improved gas lighting and, although largely supplanted by the incandescent lamp, is still widely used in kerosene and other lanterns. In 1898 Welsbach introduced the first metallic filament for incandescent lamps. Although the osmium he used was too rare for general use, his improvement paved the way for the tungsten filament and the modern light bulb. Welsbach also developed misch metal, a mixture of cerium and other rare earths, which he combined with iron to make Auer's metal, the first improvement over flint and steel for making sparks since ancient times. It is used in cigarette lighters and in strikers for lighting gas jets.