Who said that the aether was moving like the wind?[wind is a mass(AETHER WAS TO BE MASSLESS)?
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I suppose Michaelson might have continued to believe in aether simply because it was difficult for him to accept the idea of a wave that propagated through no medium. If so, probably because the idea was contrary to everything else he had observed of Nature. But I don't really want to suggest what was going on in someone else's mind. If everybody else negated it, (and I am not sure that was the case immediately) when Michaelson didn't then it might have been because they weren't so actively invested in the search for aether and so were not so attached to the idea of it existing. \n\nThis are purely *speculative* ideas of mine.
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Mass is defined via acting a force on an object produces an acceleration.  \nalso there is a universal kilogram in (i think) france that is the deffinition of a kilogram.\n\nNow how can a particle be massless... \nThis is defined as its rest mass, so if a particle does not exist at rest then it is going to be massless.  \n\nexample:\nA photon can have energy, and is moving.  so it can be said to have a momentum, and can then be said to have a "mass" but if a photon has zero energy its momentum is zero and its "mass" is zero.  \n\nThe mass of a particle is deffined when it is at rest, so some particles will have a zero mass, especial theoretical particals.
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reverie's wrong.  Most mass actually comes from kinetic energy, not rest mass.  you can correcly give energy (including heat energy) the same units as mass so it makes sense to say "one pound of heat"... but force is something different entirely.
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because, it meant that energy and mass are basically the same thing.  this is pretty contrary to our everyday experience, and in fact it is only a noticeable effect when there are very large energies involved.  so, at the time there was basically no experimental evidence to show that this equation was correct!  nevertheless einstein derived this equation, and the rest of the theory of general relativity, based on mathematical principles alone.  only afterwards were experiments done and he was shown to be right!  \n\nthis is part of the reason einstein is so celebrated as a genius - his correct prediction of the equivalence of energy and mass.
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"Everything is relative"-Albert Einstein
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Not his original, but the image in the middle of the first link I'm listing is pretty close to Descartes' from De Meteorologica.  The second source has several modern takes on the image as well as a nice physical explanation of what is going on.
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WHAT IS WIND?\n\nMovement of air between pressure systems as they try to balance out is called wind. Air flows from high pressure systems to low ones to try to reach equilibrium. In the constantly developing and changing system of the atmosphere this never actually happens.
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There was a problem with his theory. See the rest of the article at:\n\nNewton's aether model\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_aether_model\n\n"In his book Optiks Isaac Newton described a model that attempted to unify descriptions of light, matter and gravity by describing that both the action of gravity on light and the action of matter on light as effects of variations in lightspeed relate to the density of an underlying aetherial medium. This is referred to as Newton's aether model.\n\nNewton described light as starting to bend before it reaches the boundary of an air/glass surface, and related this deflection towards the region of greatest density to the tendency of paths to be deflected towards a gravity-source (again, to a region of greater mass-density). According to the model, particles and waves would be deflected in the same way, matter could be said to be "refracted" by the lightspeed gradient associated with gravity. Newton's postulated light-corpuscles - and the associated "wavelike" effects that he suggested were responsible for steering them - would be deflected in the same way. In modern language, we can say that Newton's aether model was an early attempt at a "geometrical" theory of gravity, or a curved-space model."\n\n"Critically, Newton had mistakenly inverted the relationship between lightspeed and refractive ability: he thought that light had an affinity for regions of higher rather than lower lightspeed. This meant that instead of saying that the aether was the gravitational field and/or the mass density (as with general relativity, Einstein 1920), Newton had to say that his medium was progressively displaced by the gravitational field and by matter, which was a less satisfying concept."
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The state m=0 is only true of a photon, of which Electromagnetic Waves are made, if it is at rest and unmoving. While photons are considered to have no inherent mass, mass is imparted by the velocity of the wave. Why isn't it taken into consideration? The "relativistic mass" of an object is really just the same as its energy, and there isn't any reason to have another word for energy: "energy" is a perfectly good word. For those who would insist that photons have no mass, I can only quote Einstein's  E=mc2. Since photons are energy carriers, and mass is one of the integral components of the equation, then the velocity at which the photons are moving (c) must impart mass to the photons or there would be no energy (E).
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"Wind is the roughly horizontal movement of air (as opposed to an air current) caused by uneven heating of the Earth's surface. It occurs at all scales, from local breezes generated by heating of land surfaces and lasting tens of minutes to global winds resulting from solar heating of the Earth. The two major influences on the atmospheric circulation are the differential heating between the equator and the poles, and the rotation of the planet (Coriolis effect)."
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Ha, good one!  The ancients belived that the sky was a solid dome (firmament), and the stars, planets, and sun were all attached to it and spun around on rails, or glass spheres.  This was, of course, proved wrong long ago by Copernicus and Galileo, the dawn of the space age only confirmed that their theories were true.
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He was never able to write it. He was in the middle of trying to create one theory for electromagnatism and his own theory of relativity when he died. It is yet to be done to create such a theory, although the string theory could possibly be it.
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The study of zero point energy is the result of the need to prove that space is not an empty entity. It was developed as a response to the scientific dogmatism that the belief of the theory of the "Aether" was just a imaginary concept that could never evolved to anything.\nThe Aether was believed to be a substance of space which contained all the power necessary to hold things together to form matter into a structure and was the cause of all motion.Many of the Modern Scientists denied this concept on the basis of their interpretation that Einstein had disproved the Existance of the Aether.\nHowever ,the proof of the puding came when an experiment evolved into being; the Casmir Experiment!\nIt was discovered in the experiment that two masses (two flat plates)touching and confined in a vacuum without the influence of electronic charge experienced a force. It was concluded that there must be a source of power stored in space.Hence energy could be obtained from the interaction of the substance of space.This was called zero point energy.This idea now became a blow to Scientists ,that perhaps the Classical Scientist may have been right.\nScience is not absolute; to most it is just a game  to satisfy humankind curiosty About God's Creation.\nUnfortunatly , to put it in plain language "we don't see to good!"
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E = mc^2 \nOr energy is equal to mass times the speed of light squared. Albert Einstein's famous formula proves that mass and energy are different manifestations of the same thing, and that a very small amount of mass can be converted into a very large amount of energy. One profound implication of his discovery is that no object with mass can ever go faster than the speed of light.
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wind is the movement of air\njust like waves are the movement of water
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The Michelson Morley experiment of 1887 gave a pretty clear "no" result to the existance of the Aether, and this result has been reproduced by just about every card-carrying physicist out ther.  It would still allow a really crazy aether that moved exactly with the Earth however.\n\nThe Trouton-Noble experiment in 1903 got the same "null" or no-aether result through the use of careful measurements of parallel plate capaciters whose properties would shift slightly with regard to any form of Aether.\n\nThe Trouton-Rankine experiment in 1908 got the same "null" result through a method of trying to detect a variation in Lorentz contraction of objects with regard to a "prefered frame," the frame of the aether.  No frame was detected.\n\nHamar, in 1935 redid the MM experiment, only this time he added lead block in such a way as to perturb the Aether if it were there.  No deviations were found, again another null result for Aether.\n\nThese are just a couple of the big ones off the top of my head.
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It was Eratosthenes.  He measured the exact distance between Syene in southern Egypt and Alexandria. He measured the altitude of the noontime sun in both locations and found it was 0 degrees in Syene and 7 degress in Alexandria.  Using the difference in zenith angle and geometry, he could estimate the circumference of the earth.