Are low cost earthquake resistant structures being used in the post-quake rebuilding effort in Pakistan?
397071
Probably just using mud again.
918674
Build earthquake proof buildings. Many such buildings exist, with their foundations deep in the bedrock, with flexible materials.
1042537
While it is true that SC is considered a passive zone, it does not mean that we don't have earthquakes. Actually SC has a history of earthquakes though most of them are small when compared to those in California. In other words, they don't make the major network news reports. For instance, in February of last year we experienced a 2.9 (RS) quake in Columbia. Most of these small quakes occur in the Piedmont areas. In the last few years there have been several to the west of my location. For more info follow on the earthquake mentioned above follow this link... http://www.dnr.sc.gov/geology/images/Earthquake02-18-05.pdf\n\nAs far as knowing when a major earthquake will occur in SC, that is hard to tell. Earthquake prediction is a tricky business.\n\nThe greatest damage would most likely occur on the coastal plain due to liquefaction. That is where loose unconsolidated sediments/soil when shaken become like a liquid. In the case of a larger quake, this is a hazard not for folks just near the "fault line" but for any area on the coastal plain.\n\nThe link below is a map showing the major faults in SC.\nhttp://www.dnr.sc.gov/geology/images/Fault_Map_Generalized.gif\n\nThis link will take you to the USGS's latest earthquake occurrence map (w/in past 7 days). As you can see the west coast has been busy! http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/recenteqsus/\n\nThe link below gives you the southeast's earthquakes in the past 6 months. As you can see, SC hasn't had any recently.\nhttp://folkworm.ceri.memphis.edu/recenteqs/
1055203
hehehehehehe first of all i wud like to say u tht ther is no advantage of earthquakes, everything are disadvantages ok\n\nso as u say u need for your project then i shall surely help but if its the best one (and i know it will be) please give me the best answer ok.\n\nThe disadvantages or the effects of earthquakes are as follows : -\n\n1.GROUND SHAKING : - \nGround shaking is a term used to describe the vibration of the ground during an earthquake. Ground shaking is caused by body waves and surface waves. As a generalization, the severity of ground shaking increases as magnitude increases and decreases as distance from the causative fault increases. Although the physics of seismic waves is complex, ground shaking can be explained in terms of body waves, compressional, or P, and shear, or S, and surface waves, Rayleigh and Love. \n\nP waves propagate through the Earth with a speed of about 15,000 miles per hour and are the first waves to cause vibration of a building. S waves arrive next and cause a structure to vibrate from side to side. They are the most damaging waves, because buildings are more easily damaged from horizontal motion than from vertical motion. The P and S waves mainly cause high-frequency vibrations; whereas, Rayleigh waves and Love waves, which arrive last, mainly cause low-frequency vibrations. Body and surface waves cause the ground, and consequently a building, to vibrate in a complex manner. The objective of earthquake-resistant design is to construct a building so that it can withstand the ground shaking caused by body and surface waves.\n\nIn land-use zoning and earthquake-resistant design, knowledge of the amplitude, frequency composition, and the time duration of ground shaking is needed. These quantities can be determined from empirical (observed) data correlating them with the magnitude and the distribution of Modified Mercalli intensity of the earthquake, distance of the building from the causative fault, and the physical properties of the soil and rock underlying the building. The subjective numerical value of the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale indicates the effects of ground shaking on man, buildings, and the surface of the Earth.\n\nWhen a fault ruptures, seismic waves are propagated in all directions, causing the ground to vibrate at frequencies ranging from about 0.1 to 30 Hertz. Buildings vibrate as a consequence of the ground shaking; damage takes place if the building cannot withstand these vibrations. Compressional waves and shear waves mainly cause high-frequency (greater than 1 Hertz) vibrations which are more efficient than low-frequency waves in causing low buildings to vibrate. Rayleigh and Love waves mainly cause low-frequency vibrations which are more efficient than high-frequency waves in causing tall buildings to vibrate. Because amplitudes of low-frequency vibrations decay less rapidly than high-frequency vibrations as distance from the fault increases, tall buildings located at relatively great distances (60 miles) from a fault are sometimes damaged.\n\n\n2.SURFACE FAULTING : - Surface faulting -- the differential movement of the two sides of a fracture at the Earth's surface-- is of three general types: strike-slip, normal, and reverse (or thrust). Combinations of the strike-slip type and the other two types of faulting can be found. Although displacements of these kinds can result from landslides and other shallow processes, surface faulting, as the term is used here, applies to differential movements caused by deep-seated forces in the Earth, the slow movement of sedimentary deposits toward the Gulf of Mexico, and faulting associated with salt domes.\n\n\nDeath and injuries from surface faulting are very unlikely, but casualties can occur indirectly through fault damage to structures.\n\nSurface faulting, in the case of a strike-slip fault, generally affects a long narrow zone whose total area is small compared with the total area affected by ground shaking. Neverthe
555431
Fires cause most of the destruction after the Earthquake. So surviving buildings would probably suffer the most in the hours after the Earthquake.
152085
Ask the Pakistan government
562676
THE NEWCASTLE EARTHQUAKE\nOn December 28, 1989, a magnitude 5.6 earthquake struck Newcastle, causing extensive damage and killing 13 people. This earthquake proved that even Australia is not immune from damaging earthquakes causing significant human and economic loss.\n\nMost of the damage occured to unreinforced masonry buildings which had been built between 1900 and 1950. Over 3000 residences were damaged throughout the city. Until recently Newcastle was a steel manufacturing city, (BHP Steel closed late 1999) but at the time of the earthquake the steel mills were not severly damaged and gas and electricity sub stations did not incur major damage.\n\nGenerally speaking, most modern structures were generally not damaged; the exception was the Newcastle Workers Club, where a section built in 1972 collapsed, killing 10 people. The club was built in two main parts; an older unreinforced masonry section and a newer concrete frame section four stories high with underground parking. The collapse of the Newcastle Workers Club began at the top of the club causing the building to cascade into itself trapping patrons and workers within the building.
366880
What sort of project is it? I know of an excellent architect in Madras, but I'm not at liberty to give out any information here. If you send me an e-mail I can give his name and contact information.
14211
Islamabad ......\n\nA commission was accordingly constitued in 1958 and entrusted with the task of selecting a suitable site for the National Capital with particular emphasis on location, climate, logistic, defence requirements, aesthetic, scenic and natural beauty.\n\nAfter the extensive research, feasibility studies and thorough review of various sites, the commission recommended the area Northeast of Rawalpindi. After the finaldecision of Cabinet the die was cast and there was no turning point.\n\nA Greek firm Doxiadis Associates drew up a master plan triangular in shape, based on a grid system, with its opex towards the Margalla Hills. The planners envisaged Islamabad eventully absorbing Rawalpindi entirely and stretching well to the West of Grand trunk road.
999500
I dont think you'd want a FOS less than 3.  Side friction on a pile is something that is not easy to estimate and is highly variable.  You want to be sure that you aren't going to have failure later because it could bring down your whole structure if one pile fails and you end up with differential settlement.
982497
yes ofcource....\n\nwe have it in Pakistan...
599097
depends on the magnitude of the earthquake, how tall the building, the architecture.. many things\n\nthe safest place in a building is under things that wont come down, like big supporting arcs \n\nI would recomend getting out of the building
809111
The Civil Engineering Portal - News - WTC \nEarly tests on steel beams from the World Trade Center \nThis site may be helpful.
950247
found this on the web, don't know how accurate it is though..\nhttp://www.pressreleasenetwork.com/indus_sw500.htm
1005402
The criteria for Designing of the RCC building is given in the IS:456. For taking the loads on the building you have to refer IS :875 .If you want yo design the building for earthquake resistant properties than you should refer to Is4326, IS 1893, IS 13920.
862168
i know exactly what you are taking about. pakistani people use them as radars. since radio is so popular in pakistan, and there is always a bomb threat from kazakistan. pakistani genius scientist, Thomas Jeferson, came up with the idea of having antenas in your hat. so you will always have a perfect radio signal. smart isn't it....
941226
There are no earthquake-safe bridges or buildings. They  can be re-inforced to be earthquake resistant but when the 'big one' hits, they're all coming down. I'm talking about the 9.5 subduction zone quake that is due on the US west coast at any time.