how many ATP come out of lipid metabolism and what are the steps in the simplest terms please.?
401693
The majority of fatty acids are metabolized using beta-oxidation. Essentially, a series of four enzymes oxidize the beta-carbon, shorting the fatty acid chain by two carbons. The electrons lost are transferred to electron carriers, and a molecule of acetyl-CoA is produced.\n\nOne round of beta-oxidation produces 1 QH2, 1 NADH, and 1 acetyl-CoA molecule. The citric acid cycle is used to convert the molecule of acetyl-CoA into 3 NADH, 1 QH2, and 1 GTP. Through oxidative phosphorylation:\n\n2 QH2 --> 4 ATP (2 per QH2)\n4 NADH --> 12 ATP (3 per NADH)\n1 GTP --> 1 ATP\n\nEach round of beta-oxidation shortens the fatty acid chain by two carbons and produces 17 ATP. Therefore, one molecule of palmitoleic acid, which contains 16 carbons, could undergo beta-oxidation 7 times and produce 131 molecules of ATP!\n\nPS The answer directly below mine is for one molecule of glucose... Not what you want. Lipids don't go through glycolysis. Acetyl-CoA also cannot enter gluconeogenesis in humans either because we lack the enzyme needed to enter the glyoxylate cycle.
747573
It is metabolism of the glucose energy by Reduction-Oxidisation (RedOx) reactions to be used in the electron transfer chain to produce Adeonsie Triphosphate (ATP) which is the basic energy unit that is used in cells.
868492
E.  Your not going to hit the citric acid cycle or electron transport chain in an anaerobic environment so its not a or d.  B is impossible you can't just make more ATP during glycolysis.  I'm pretty sure when you oxidize pyruvate and NADH you just make Lactate and NAD.  The replenishing of NAD allows glycolysis to occur more quickly.
75998
Adenosine Triphosphate ATP
798769
1. Glycolysis\n2. lactate\n3. 8\n3. fermentation\n6. FADH2 and NADH
337759
Kreb cycle and glycolysis - is what I initially answered\n\nHowever, if it is a standard test/textbook question the questioner is asking, then the answer is probably going to be 2 different mechanisms/pathways. It probably is going to be AEROBIC and ANAEROBIC metabolism.
700373
how would they be uncoupled? \n\nUnless you are trying to say that one of them isn't functioning. Perhaps ATPase is inhibited or something.\n \nif so, then the most immediate would be a build up of the proton concentration in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Physiological impact of that... i'm not too sure.\ni suppose NAD and FAD will be recycled initially cos ETC is still functioning, but obviously ADP is not being phosphorylated to form ATP. Deficiency of ATP = detrimental effects.\n\nif the ETC is disrupted (cytochrome inhibition by cyanide?), perhaps anaerobic respiration will kick in for a while? considering tt the aerobic route is faulty, there will be an increased dependency on glycolysis and the pyruvate/lactate route. but a net gain of 2 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule isn't very beneficial.
727235
1. ATP is the amount of energy that your body has, so it's basically your body's energy.\n\n2. Nucleotides are monomers for nucleic acids\n\n3. Examples: DNA, RNA, etc.\n\n4. Monomers of Carbs: sugars (monosaccharides, disaccharide, polysaccharide) note: saccharide=sugar\n\n5. Proteins are linked by a peptide bond.\n\nHope this helped you out.
728788
Hooooo.OK U want all explanation in yahoo answers?I Will try\n\nIN photosynthesis the sunlight energy is used by green plants to prepare food materials.\nn light reaction the sun light activates chlorophyll molecules so that they make NADDP2 and NADH2.These two in Calvin cycle reduce the co2+h2o in to glucose molecule\n\nIN respiration the reverse happens Of course in different steps\nGlucose molecule in respiration (it is a 6 carbon molecule6H12O6) passes through 3 phases to release the energy in the form of ATP(remember solar energy is taken in p.s to make glucose molecule)\n\nIn GLYCOLYSIS of respiration g;ucose divides in to two pyruvic acids which is aC3co,mpound (2X3=6CARBON glucose)\n\nIn KREBSCYCLE THE pyruvic acik(c3)com pound splits in to 3 co2 and while doing so , it producesNADPH2 nd NADH2\n\nINthe last phase the ELECTRON TRANSPORT  the reduced powers or NADH2 AND NADPH2  are oxidised  (at this stage it takes in oxygen_) in to energy(ATP)and co2\nso the end product in respiration is carbondioxide and energ y in the form of ATP
995185
What's your question about it?\n\nThis is the mechanism by which ATP is produced in bacteria, mitochondria and chlorplasts.  Energy for the formation of ATP (by the enzyme ATP synthase) is provided by a proton charge and concentration gradient across a membrane (inner mitochondrial membrane or thylakoid membrane, or plasma membrane in bacteria).  What else would you like to know?
900577
#1=C (dehydration synthesis) you right\n#2=B. One fat molecule(a lipid molecule/also called an Ester) is made up of a Glycerol and 3 Fatty acids. Remember when this happens 3 water molecules are given off.\n\nDuring Dehydration Synthesis a water molecule is given off.\nDE- means remove\nHYDRATION-means water\nDEHYDRATION  is the removal of 2xhydrogens and 1x Oxygen this =H2O.\nHope ur question is answered satisfactorily
920701
When glucose is taken it is converted to 36 ATP by the process of Glycolysis and TCA cycle and is stored in our body in the mitochondria of cell for further utilization by the cell in the metaboloc processes..
735053
You can have anaerobic respiration and aerobic respiration. The ultimate result is ATP. Anaerobic is done without oxygen (fermentation) and aerobic is done with oxygen,\n\nit starts with glycolosis which takes place in the cytoplasm. Glucose is turned into two pyruvates through a 10 reaction process meditated my enzymes. you produce one ATP and one NADH\n\nthen the pyruvates go into Krebs Cycle or the TriCarboxylic Acid Cycle and goes into the mitochondria. The pyruvate must be converted to acetyl Coenzyme A. then the acetyl Co A enters Krebs and continuously generates Oxaloacetate among other enery-rich compounds such as ATP, NADH and FADH2 with CO2\n\nthen final process is in the electron transport chain which takes place in the inner membrane if the mitochondria. In this process lots of H+ is pumped out of the membrane, which means that H+ is accumalated outside the inner matrix. then the concentration gradient causes a sudden influx of H+ back into the inner membrane which creates "proton-motive force" which zaps ADP+Pi= ATP. \n\nthe end result is 38 ATP for regular cells or 36 ATP for muscles and brain cells.\n\nOXYGEN IS REQUIRED!!! \n\nhope that helps\n\n*oh and ATP is a form of energy for the cell...
927191
The ATP molecule is composed of three components. At the centre is a sugar molecule, ribose (the same sugar that forms the basis of DNA). Attached to one side of this is a base (a group consisting of linked rings of carbon and nitrogen atoms); in this case the base is adenine. The other side of the sugar is attached to a string of phosphate groups. These phosphates are the key to the activity of ATP.\n\nATP consists of a base, in this case adenine, a ribose and a phosphate chain.
1004227
Adenosine Triphosphate, or ATP as it is commonly known, is the cells currency for providing energy. ATP is made in the mitochondria via respiration (more precisely oxidative phosphorylation). This process involves the addition of a phosphate group to a pre-existing adenosine diphosphate group. The ATP is then transported out of the mitochondria and transported around the cell to where reactions occur that require energy input.At these sites ATP is hydrolysed (water added) to form ADP (ATP +  H20 = ADP + P + Energy). The energy is provided in the form of heat energy which is usually used in catabolic reactions to break bonds.
226496
A 5 carbon sugar (ribose), two adenosine particles, and three phosphate groups.\n\nHa Lol22 you obviously didn't pay attention in bio...ribose is the central particle in ATP, its bonded to the adenosine and phosphates.
720538
Glycolysis.\n\nOne molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid generating energy in the form of ATP and NADH. This is one of the most common metablic pathways known, being found in the majority of living organisms.