what r semiconductor chips made of?
372878
they are multi layers starting with silicon chips to which a thin film of metal either aluminum or copper ( hence coppermine CPU) next a photgraphic process that places a film on the metal, then an etch to remove the unwanted metal, then other layer fo metal til the final design is made then, tiny wires are soldered to leads with a microscope, all and all it is very interesting, in the begining the yeild was low but is much better today
756063
A metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) structure is obtained by depositing a layer of silicon dioxide (SiO2) and a layer of metal (polycrystalline silicon is actually used instead of metal) on top of a semiconductor die. As the silicon dioxide is a dielectric material its structure is equivalent to a plane capacitor, with one of the electrodes replaced by a semiconductor.\n\nWhen a voltage is applied across a MOS structure, it modifies the distribution of charges in the semiconductor. If we consider a P-type semiconductor (with NA the density of holes), a positive VGB ( gate base voltage) tends to reduce the concentration of holes and increase the concentration of electrons. If VGB is high enough, the concentration of negative charge carriers near the gate is more than that of positive charges, in what is known as an inversion layer.\n\nThis structure with P-type body is the basis of the N-type MOSFET, which requires the addition of an N-type source and drain regions.\n\nPMOS (′pē′mös) :\n\n(electronics) Metal-oxide semiconductors that are made on n-type substrates, and whose active carriers are holes that migrate between p-type source and drain contacts. Derived from p-channel metal-oxide semiconductor. \n\nNMOS (′en′mös)\n \n(electronics) Metal-oxide semiconductors that are made on p-type substrates, and whose active carriers are electrons that migrate between n-type source and drain contacts. Derived from n-channel metal-oxide semiconductor. \n\n\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nNMOS:\n\nnMOS logic uses n-type metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) to implement logic gates and other digital circuits. nMOS transistors have three modes of operation: cut-off, triode, and saturation (sometimes called active).\n\nThe n-type MOSFETs are arranged in a so-called "pull-down network" (PDN) between the logic gate output and negative supply voltage, while a resistor is placed between the logic gate output and the positive supply voltage. The circuit is designed such that if the desired output is low, then the PDN will be active, creating a current path between the negative supply and the output.\n\nAs an example, here is a NOR gate in nMOS logic. If either input A or input B is high (logic 1, = True), the respective MOS transistor acts as a very low resistance between the output and the negative supply, forcing the output to be low (logic 0, = False). When both A and B are high, both transistors are conductive, creating an even lower resistance path to ground. The only case where the output is high is when both transistors are off, which occurs only when both A and B are low, thus satisfying the truth table of a NOR gate:\n\nA B A NOR B \n0 0 1 \n0 1 0 \n1 0 0 \n1 1 0 \n\nWhile nMOS logic is easy to design and manufacture (a MOSFET can be made to operate as a resistor, so the whole circuit can be made with nMOSFETs), it has several shortcomings as well. The worst problem is that a DC current flows through an nMOS logic gate when the PDN is active, that is whenever the output is low. This leads to static power dissipation even when the circuit sits idle.\n\nAlso, nMOS circuits are slow to transition from low to high. When transitioning from high to low, the transistors provide low resistance, and the capacitative charge at the output drains away very quickly. But the resistance between the output and the positive supply rail is much greater, so the low to high transition takes longer. Using a resistor of lower value will speed up the process but also increases static power dissipation.\n\nAdditionally, the asymmetric input logic levels make nMOS circuits susceptible to noise.\n\nThese disadvantages are why nMOS logic was supplanted by CMOS logic both in low-power and in high-speed digital circuits, such as microprocessors, during the 1980s.\n\nPMos:\nFull details on:\nhttp://www.kettering.edu/~bguru/mosfets/PMOS-INT.pdf\n\nFor more info go to :\n\nht
197399
Embedded systems are all those computers/microprocessors that are built into everyday things to make them "smart". \n\nEamples:\nAutomotive compters\nWatches\nMicrowave ovens\niPods\nDVD players\nCash stations\nCell phones\nXerox machines\nDigital cameras\nParking meters\nRoombas
413436
("see-moss"), which stands for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor, is a major class of integrated circuits. CMOS chips include microprocessor, microcontroller, static RAM, and other digital logic circuits. The central characteristic of the technology is that it only uses significant power when its transistors are switching between on and off states. Consequently, CMOS devices use little power and do not produce as much heat as other forms of logic. CMOS also allows a high density of logic functions on a chip.\n\nThe word "complementary" refers to the fact that the design uses pairs of transistors for logic functions, only one of which is switched on at any time.\n\nThe phrase "metal-oxide-semiconductor" is a reference to the nature of the fabrication process originally used to build CMOS chips. That process created field effect transistors having a metal gate electrode placed on top of an oxide insulator, which in turn is on top of a semiconductor material. Instead of metal, today the gate electrodes are almost always made from a different material, polysilicon, but the name CMOS nevertheless continues to be used for the modern descendants of the original process. (See also MOSFET.)\n\nA chip with a large number of CMOS transistors packed tightly together is sometimes known as CHMOS (for "Complementary High-density metal-oxide-semiconductor").\n\nThe combination of MEMS sensors with digital signal processing on one single CMOS chip is sometimes known an CMOSens.
993873
Extremely difficult. Solar cells are semiconductor devices, just like computer chips, but less complex. Very expensive equipment and ultra-pure materials are required.
517683
Well Blue chip....Well I don't really know much about this amybe try searching it on google.  Search and you will find..
198497
chips in common stand for memory chips. but a chip can also be a CPU, a Northbridge, a Southbridge, a USB-, Firewire- or RAID-Controller.
866935
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor\n\nIt's a big subject, at that is just a start.
273751
One major reduction in silicon costs has been with the use of amorphous, microcrystalline and polycrystalline silicon, particularly in solar panels, detectors and displays.  These forms of silicon do not have a perfect crystal structure and so will have the critical performance needed for processors, but the reduction in cost more than compensates for the electrical loss with other applications.
467183
various components.. like chips memory and such
476537
It is a semiconductor, so would probably be good for machinery like Silicon. Most likely it would be used for computers and lasers somehow.
334266
A semiconductor is a material with an electrical conductivity that is intermediate between that of an insulator and a conductor. A semiconductor behaves as an insulator at very low temperature, and has an appreciable electrical conductivity at room temperature although much lower conductivity than a conductor. Commonly used semiconducting materials are silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide and indium phosphide.\n\nA semiconductor can be distinguished from a conductor by the fact that, at absolute zero, the uppermost filled electron energy band is fully filled in a semiconductor, but only partially filled in a conductor.\n\nThe distinction between a semiconductor and an insulator is slightly more arbitrary. A semiconductor has a band gap which is small enough such that its conduction band is appreciably thermally populated with electrons at room temperature, whilst an insulator has a band gap which is too wide for there to be appreciable thermal electrons in its conduction band at room temperature.
688938
That's what makes a computer (silicon computer chips)\n\nit's called "silicon" computer chip not because it's silicon but because the semi-conductors (transisters) are planted in silicon (it's just the way they build them now to make them so small)\n\nEvery computer including the one you're on, Xbox, Printers, your cellphone, even calculators, etc... anything that is computerized has that chip in it.\n\nIn your computer you can find it on the mother board, it looks like that...\nhttp://www.enviroliteracy.org/images/page-spec//silicon-chip.jpg\n---it's about the right size too.\n\nThey are used to process the information, it's like your brain. It's the brain of the computer,it tells everything what to do, that's what makes everything work!\n\nWithout them, the computers will be huge (like a city block huge) Just like the ones people first built (with a bunch of wires and crap)\n\nAt the link below, you can see various silicon computer chips...\nhttp://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?p=silicon+computer+chip&sm=Yahoo%21+Search&fr=FP-tab-img-t&toggle=1&cop=&ei=UTF-8\n\n\n\n\nAnd just a little extra for your school project...\nThis is how they make those silicone computer chips...\nI have a friend that works there, he got me one of the unfinished products (it's a shiny disk that's about the size of a waffle) It has like 100 of them on there and they cut them out with a microscopic water stream!!!...\n\nhttp://radio.weblogs.com/0105910/images/3dchip.jpg\n\nhttp://www.intel.com/education/makingchips/index.htm\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\nCheers!!!\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n.
1126998
http://www.siliconchip.com.au/cms/A_105834/article.html\nthats an image
891161
go to the pc chips website
665085
The integrated circuit.\n\nBasic building block for computers, clocks, cell phones, calculators, PDAs, iPods, TVs, Stereos, video game systems, TiVos, electronic ignition in cars, price scanners in the grocery store, communications and weather satellites, doppler radar, airplane navigation and guidance systems, and every other little bit of electronica that makes our lives more safe, fun and convenient.
328732
Integrated circuit technology