what is the process called when a cartilage hardens into the bone?
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this is called ossification...done by osteoblast cells.
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basically no difference........ \nhyaline cartilage is found in synovial joints, it is a smoother type of cartilage, regulated by chondrocytes, hyaline cartilage articulate (means allow movement)the 2 bones by providing a smooth suface (ie less friction) so the 2 bones can glide against one each other freely by the epiphysis so movement is possible, that's why the hyaline cartilage in a synovial joint is also known as articular cartilage
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Car·ti·lage    \n \nA tough, elastic, fibrous connective tissue found in various parts of the body, such as the joints, outer ear, and larynx. A major constituent of the embryonic and young vertebrate skeleton, it is converted largely to bone with maturation.\n\nBone    \n\nThe dense, semirigid, porous, calcified connective tissue forming the major portion of the skeleton of most vertebrates. It consists of a dense organic matrix and an inorganic, mineral component. \n\nThe definitions do not make it entirely clear, but basics first! \n\nCartilage is flexible connective tissue, bone is rigid, inflexible, and calcified. Try bending your upper ear, easy right? That's cartilage. Bone is not flexible (Like your skull.)  \n\nYour question was cut off, did you want to know the difference between a shark skeleton and a human's? A shark skeleton is almost entirely cartilage, a man's is mostly bone, with some connective cartilage.
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A lacuna is a small space containing osteocytes (cell) in bone or chondrocytes (cell) in cartilage.
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Bone spurs, also known as osteophytes, are bony projections that form along joints. Bone spurs form due to the body's increase of a damaged (usually due to arthritis) joint's surface area in a futile attempt to improve weight distribution. However, they usually limit joint movement and typically cause pain.\n\nBone spurs form naturally on the spine as a person ages and are a sign of degeneration in the spine. In this case the spurs are not the source of back pains, but instead a common symptom of the problem.\n\nI had one in my shoulder once that made movement very painful. I found that I'd do anything to be relieved of the problem. My Dr had prescribed steroids and I took them orally... they didn't seem to work and the pain continued. The doctor later prescribe Buspur. I didn't know what it was until later. I guess the Dr thought I was getting too impatient. It took about six months and two weeks of steroids for the spur to go away on its own. I'm glad I didn't have to have surgery. The Buspur is still in my cabinet some ten years later. But you need to have a doctor check out the spur, it could be tearing important tissue, or doing other damage. You don't want it to damage the cartilage in a joint or rub a nerve the wrong way \n\n\nSpurs can also appear on the feet, either along toes or the heel.
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Your Cranium is made up of the bones in your skull.  It was thought that once fused these bones never move again without injury.  Relatively recently new discovery has shown they not only do the cranial bones move but they move in a kind of rhythm.
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...\n\nThe bony arches of the vertebrae have two types of projection: one, called the spinous process, extends backwards from the arch in the mid-line (it is these spinous processes which are felt all down the back); the other, the transverse processes, extend laterally on each side from a position posterior to the intervertebral foramen.\n\nIf one now considers the vertebral column as a structural unit, one sees the column of vertebral bodies anteriorly, joined by the intervertebral discs as bricks are joined by mortar, with the bony arches behind. These bony arches have paired pedicles which enclose the intervertebral foramina on each side just behind the vertebral bodies. Farther back on each side one encounters the transverse processes, and finally in the mid-line of the back, the spinous processes. The whole column is bound together with various ligaments of great strength, on the anterior and posterior surfaces of the vertebral bodies and on the bony arches, their processes, and their joints. The muscles further strengthen and cushion the vertebral column.\n\nWithin the vertebral column, the circles formed by the bony arches described above are aligned to constitute a canal, called the spinal canal. The spinal canal contains the spinal cord, the trunk of nerves which is in continuity with the brain above. Neither the brain nor the spinal cord are in contact with the bones which protect them. These delicate nerve structures are completely enveloped by three concentric membranes, the meninges; respectively, the dura mater, the arachnoid, and the pia mater.\n\n...
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Bone is a relatively hard and lightweight composite material, formed mostly of calcium phosphate in the chemical arrangement termed calcium hydroxyapatite. It has relatively high compressive strength but poor tensile strength. While bone is essentially brittle, it does have a degree of significant elasticity contributed by its organic components (chiefly collagen). Bone has an internal mesh-like structure, the density of which may vary at different points.
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Exercise can not rebuild cartilage.  WHat exercises can do is to help strengthen the muscles around the knees so that they support the knees well during physical activity.
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You should check with your doctor on any of this.  I found the below information on www.mayoclinic.com\n\nBone spurs, also called osteophytes, are bony projections that grow along the edges of joints. The bone spurs themselves aren't painful. But they can rub against nearby nerves and bones and cause pain.\n\nBone spurs are often associated with osteoarthritis. In osteoarthritis, the cartilage of an affected joint is worn down and eventually you may have bone rubbing on bone, resulting in pain and inflammation. Your body may try to repair this damage by growing new bone (bone spurs) along the existing bone. This produces prominent lumps, usually on the hands, feet or spine.\n\nThere's no specific treatment for bone spurs. Treatment is typically directed at the underlying problem to prevent further joint damage.
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Cells called osteocytes deposite collagen and release calcium phosphate which eventually hardens into a mineral called hydroxyapatite. This eventually forms a mineralized connetctive tissue which allows your muscles and other organs to attach themselves.
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Joints\n\nA joint, or articulation, is the place where two bones come together. There are three types of joints classified by the amount of movement they allow: immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable.\n\nImmovable joints are synarthroses. In this type of joint, the bones are in very close contact and are separated only by a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue. An example of a synarthrosis is the suture in the skull between skull bones.\n\nSlightly movable joints are called amphiarthroses. This type of joint is characterized by bones that are connected by hyaline cartilage (fibro cartilage). The ribs that connect to the sternum are an example of an amphiarthrosis joint.\n\nMost of the joints in the adult human body are freely movable joints. This type of joint is called a diarthrosis joint. There are six types of diarthroses joints. These are:\n\nBall-and-Socket: The ball-shaped end of one bone fits into a cup shaped socket on the other bone allowing the widest range of motion including rotation. Examples include the shoulder and hip.\n\nCondyloid: Oval shaped condyle fits into elliptical cavity of another allowing angular motion but not rotation. This occurs between the metacarpals (bones in the palm of the hand) and phalanges (fingers) and between the metatarsals (foot bones excluding heel) and phalanges (toes).\n\nSaddle: This type of joint occurs when the touching surfaces of two bones have both concave and convex regions with the shapes of the two bones complementing one other and allowing a wide range of movement. The only saddle joint in the body is in the thumb.\n\nPivot: Rounded or conical surfaces of one bone fit into a ring of one or tendon allowing rotation. An example is the joint between the axis and atlas in the neck.\n\nHinge: A convex projection on one bone fits into a concave depression in another permitting only flexion and extension as in the elbow and knee joints.\n\nGliding: Flat or slightly flat surfaces move against each other allowing sliding or twisting without any circular movement. This happens in the carpals in the wrist and the tarsals in the ankle. \n\nP.S.  does this help you?
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A solid that is formed by a chemical reaction.
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Strictly cartilage... That's why when you see a human skull there is a empty space where the nose sits on the face. It is cartilage.. It is spongey tissue... But a good place to check out is www.innerbody.com  (best wishes.. I was a nursing school student)
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i think you mean coracoid process.  it is part of your shoulder blade that attaches to your clavicle (collar bone).  several muscles attach to it, too.\n\nblessed be\n\ngypsy
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Costochondritis is a syndrome of chest wall pain that is due to inflammation of the cartilage and bones in the chest wall. It occurs when there is inflammation at the junction of the rib bone and breastbone (sternum). At this junction, there is cartilage joining these bones. This cartilage has become irritated and inflamed. \n\nGenerally the cause is unknown. When this happens the cause is said to be 'idiopathic,' (unknown). Neverthless,  costochondritis is a painful condition and needs medical intervention. I am not a doctor. The decision to seek or not to seek treatment is yours. \n\nFor more information you can contact: \nwww.MedKuz.com\nwww.chemicon.com\n\nUsually affect young adults between 20 and 40 years old. \n\nThe most common cause of costochondritis is traumatic injury. Car accidents where the driver's chest strikes the steering wheel can cause costochondritis by injuring the ribs and cartilage on the front of the chest. \n\nViral infections, usually upper respiratory infections, have also been identified as a cause of costochondritis. \n\nI looked after an asthmatic who developed costochondritis following an episode of an asthma attack.\n\nThe most common symptom is pain over the front of the upper chest (the area of the sternum). Because of serious conditions, most importantly conditions related to heart problems, costochondritis should only be diagnosed after excluding other more serious problems. \n\nCostochondritis pain is usually worsened by activity or exercise. One of the most common symptoms is that the pain is present when taking a deep breath. This stretches the inflamed cartilage and can cause exquisite pain. Often simply touching the area involved will be extremely painful for the patient. \n\nBecause of the many nerves that branch away from the chest, pain may be experienced in the shoulder or arms as well.\nThis is often called referred/deffered pain. \n\nWhen called Tietze's Syndrome, the pain is accompanied by redness and or swelling in the areas most tender.\n\nI hope this information is helpful. Please seek help from a qualified physician.
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http://www.engin.umich.edu/class/bme456/bonefracture/bonefracture.htm