summary of The Cherokee REmoval: a brief history with documents?
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The Cherokee Removal: A Brief History with Documents\nCherokee People-inhabited area that is now NC, SC, GA, TN, AL, KT, VA.\nRigid division of labor by gender:\nMen- hunting (essential)\nWomen- farming (essential)\n··        By 1000 A..D. Cherokee people ate a varied + balanced diet of meat, corn, and vegetables; while most English were eating coarse bread + ale.\nCherokee Homestead consisted of several buildings around a small plaza with large rectangular wooden houses for summer, and small round houses with thick mud-plastered walls for winter; as well as, a variety of corn cribs + other storage  buildings.\nHouseholds had several generations living together: mother, daughters, husbands, and unmarried sons.  Society based on matrilineal kinship.  This means that your family was defined by who your mother was.\n Farming: Each household had a small garden near the home, but most produce came from large fields where all women worked together.\n··        Together homesteads formed permanent villages with a large round town house or council house that seated the whole village; villages were typically up to several hundred people.\n··        Decisions made by consensus; some opinions weighed more heavily than others based on age and position, but all could speak.\n Population of the Cherokee nation was more than 30,000 before Europeans introduced diseases like small pox, typhus, and measles.  By 1700 there were only 16,000 Cherokees; they lost many valued elders, their wisdom, and knowledge.   In addition, their belief in a harmonious world was undermined.\nEarly contact with British about 1700 \nMain trade: deerskins + war captives for slavery in exchange for guns, ammunition, metal tools (knives, hoes, hatchets, kettles), fabric, rum, and trinkets.\n··        By mid-century slave trade declined, but fur trade continued.\n··        Cherokees experienced increased war between clans as traditional societies diminished.\n··        Tribes allied with British and French in the French/Indian War, and with the British in the American Revolution.\n1783- The Treaty of Paris marked the end of the American Revolution, and gave the United States rights to British colonies by  “right of conquest.”\n··        Congress extended this to relations with Indians, and Indians lost their lands to U.S.\n··        This was based on the “right of discovery”, which gave Christian Europeans the right to claim and occupy the lands of non-Christian and “uncivilized peoples.”\n End of 1780’s- U.S. abandoned assertion that tribes were conquered enemies; also the U.S. constitution changed things. \nHenry Knox, the  first secretary of war, developed Indian policy.  Native tribes were sovereign, independent nations with rights to autonomous self-government. \nChanges in the economic system for the Cherokee nation:\n··        Became less egalitarian with emphasis on wealth + private property.\n··        Loss of status for women because of increased significance of conflict + the fact that European-American women did not participate in the political process.  This led to diminishing of matrilineal kinship traditions.\n··        Developed written code of law to protect private property, 1808.\n··        1810: another body of law centralized power, which led to loss of clan-based emphasis.\n··        Wealthy Cherokees dominated political process.\n··        1820’s they developed a written Cherokee language.\n··        1828 began publication of “Cherokee Phoenix.”\nPressure for Removal after 1812:\n··        As agriculture and transportation systems boomed, whites wanted to move inland.\n··        Native peoples held thousands of square miles of very fertile land + demand for that land increased with population increases.\n··        The pressure for removal was driven by the racist theory that Indians were inferior.\n··        1830- Indian Removal Act\n··        1838-39- Removal of Cherokee Nation to Oklaho
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read information about the cherokee or take what you know and go from there
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Journal of a Tour to North Carolina by William Attmore, 1787.\n\nilliam Byrd, 1674-1744 and Edmund Ruffin, 1794-1865\nThe Westover Manuscripts: Containing the History of the Dividing Line Betwixt Virginia and North Carolina; A Journey to the Land of Eden, A.D. 1733; and A Progress to the Mines. Written from 1728 to 1736, and Now First Published.
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see:\nhttp://www.archives.gov/national-archives-experience/charters/bill_of_rights_transcript.html
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Here are some books you may find useful:\n\n"Creek Religion and Medicine" by John R. Swanton ISBN: 0803292740\n\n"Creek Indian Medicine Ways: The Enduring Power of Mvskoke Religion" by David Lewis, Ann T. Jordan ISBN: 0826323677\n\n"The Five Civilized Tribes" by Grant Foreman ISBN: 0806109238\n\n"Native American Religion" by Joel W. Martin ISBN: 0195110358
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The Federalist Papers by James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton
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personally, I would find a native-american (indian) and ask him or her. they know the history and habits of most animals and have a sacred place in their hearts for the eagle. i would try the cherokee reservation website, to begin with. Other than than,any on line encyclopedia can help. try google
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Horrible part of American history:\n\n The Trail of Tears refers to the forced relocation of the Cherokee Native American tribe to the Western United States in 1838, which resulted in the deaths of an estimated 4,000 Cherokee Indians. In the Cherokee language, the event is called Nunna daul Isunyi—"the Trail Where We Cried."\n\nThe Trail of Tears resulted from the enforcement of the Treaty of New Echota, an agreement signed under the provisions of the Indian Removal Act of 1830, which exchanged Native American land in the East for lands west of the Mississippi River, but was never accepted by the elected tribal leadership Chief John Ross, or majority of the Cherokee people. Nevertheless, the treaty was enforced by President Martin Van Buren, who sent federal troops to round up about 17,000 Cherokees in camps before being sent to the west. Most of the deaths occurred from disease in these camps. After the initial round up, the U.S. military played a limited role in the journey itself, with the Cherokee Nation taking over supervision of most of the emigration. The Treaty of New Echota was signed by a small faction of prominent Cherokees, Major Ridge, Elias Boudinot (Buck Watie), and Stan Watie, and their followers willingly left Georgia for Oklahoma Prior to the forced removal. The signing of the Treaty entailed accepting payment from the government for their land in Georgia and relocating to Oklahoma. This touched off what is known as the "Blood Feud" between the two factions in which Elias Boudinot (Buck Watie) and Major Ridge and his son were murdered in Oklahoma after the removal of John Ross and his factions of Cherokees to Oklahoma on the Trail of Tears. This split the Cherokee Nation into two factions, the Western Cherokee's led by Major Ridge and the Eastern faction who continued to recongize Chief John Ross as the Chief of the Cherokee Nation.\n\nThe Cherokees were not the only Native Americans forced to emigrate during this era, and so the phrase "Trail of Tears" is sometimes used to refer to similar events endured by other Indian peoples, especially among the "Five Civilized Tribes." In fact, the phrase "Trail of Tears" may have originated as a description of the removal of the Choctaw nation. See Indian Removal for more details.
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http://www.sedona.net/fdetat2/history.html\n\nthis should help
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Is there a document from America apologizing for what they did to the native American Indians?  Is there a document from America apologizing for what they did to all the immigrants who first came to this country and were stuck on Ellis Island?  Is there any documentation from America apologizing for ANY of the crap they've done?  \n\nEven if there is, who really cares?  \n\nThese kind of questions will not make that happen and do nothing but increase the ignorant fury of others who never knew the hardships of anybody from that time period - white or black.  There is no reason to understand why ANYBODY did not or will not say they are sorry for any indignation anyone was put through back then and now.  So stop expecting a miracle!  It just isn't going to happen!\n\nLet's move on in life and stop acting as if racism is the most important issue we have to deal with today.  Questions like these simply spur up that kind of nasty attitude from people who don't even know WHY they dislike a certain culture.  \n\nGood grief!
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The trail the Cherokee had to walk through when they were forcibly removed from their land, almost 4000 of them died, because of the adverse elements, hence came the name Trail of Tears. \nYou should read my essay on why their should be no Columbus Day observed.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States
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Wilma Mankiller\nThe first female chief of the Cherokee Nation, she took tragedy and illness and made strength. And don't ask where she got her name.\n\nNov. 20, 2001 | San Francisco transformed many people living there during the 1960s. Its shabby, lunch-pail-toting neighborhoods became crucibles for a society recasting its values. The fire eventually caught a shy housewife and mother in her 20s named Mrs. Hugo Olaya and alchemized her into Wilma Pearl Mankiller, a symbol of both feminism and Native American self-determination. \n\nIn 1985 Mankiller, now 57, became the first female chief of the Cherokee Nation, the 220,000-member Native American tribe based in Tahlequah, Okla., to which she belongs. She did it not only by overcoming the usual barriers set against Native Americans, but also by vaulting the chauvinistic hurdles imposed by her fellow Cherokees, who had never been led by a woman. \n\n \nOnce chief, Mankiller took the traditional "women's issues" of education and health care and made them tribal priorities. She raised $20 million to build a much-needed infrastructure for schools and other projects, including an $8 million job-training center. The largest Cherokee health clinic was started under her tenure in Stilwell, Okla., and is now named in her honor. Mankiller also sought to reunite the Eastern Cherokee, a group based in North Carolina, with the larger Western division. \n\nShe ruled with grace and humor -- she often teased patronizing Anglos by telling them her surname was due to her reputation; in fact, "Mankiller" is a Cherokee military term for a village protector -- and with organizational smarts learned in the blue-collar neighborhoods of clapboard and "ethnic politics" that circled San Francisco Bay. \n\n    \nHer journey -- from complacency to activism to political power followed a familiar boomer flight path, but hers was a working woman's ascendancy. It was born in the rural grit of Adair County, Okla., and the tough industrial neighborhood of San Francisco's Hunters Point. Elite, tree-shaded suburbs like Pasadena or Grosse Pointe that shaped so many '60s radicals couldn't have been more remote to Mankiller. \n\nMankiller grew up on her father Charley's ancestral Oklahoma lands. "Dirt poor" was how she described her early life. The Mankillers frequently ate suppers of squirrel and other game. The house had no electricity. Her parents used coal oil for illumination. \n\nIn 1956 Charley Mankiller, eager to provide a better life for his growing family, moved them from Oklahoma to California as part of a Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) program, initiated by the same bureaucrats who had "relocated" Japanese-Americans during World War II. The program, a misguided experiment in social engineering, transplanted rural Native Americans to jobs in industrial cities, thus serving to weaken reservation ties and diffuse the little political clout the tribes held. It was another insult in a history of them stretching back two centuries. \n\nIn 1838 the Cherokee Nation was ripped from its ancestral homelands in the Carolinas, Tennessee and Georgia by U.S. Army troops acting under orders from the federal government. The forced march to the Oklahoma reservations, the famous "Trail of Tears," killed thousands of men, women and children. Buffeted by white assaults -- both physical and legal -- the Cherokees would spend more than 100 years as wards of the state. It wasn't until 1970 that Washington allowed the tribe to elect its leaders directly. \n\nWilma was 11 when the Mankillers arrived in San Francisco. Charley found work as a rope maker and the family settled down. Wilma had a difficult transition. She and her siblings were the proverbial hicks in the big city. A kindly Mexican family showed them how to work a telephone and taught Wilma to roller skate. Charley Mankiller had instilled in his children a pride in their heritag
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The Trail of Tears (Nunna dal Isunyi) was about 1200 miles long.  It began in Tennessee and surrounding states and ended in Indian Territory (usually Tahlequah, which was the Cherokee capital city).\nA map can be found within this Wikipedia article:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trail_of_Tears
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I am sorry for the loss of your Grandmother. I have provided you a phone number , email and links so that you can find and confirm your heritage and eligibility.As you can see you have both the choice to pay for help, or use the free services and do it yourself.Good Luck\n\nThe Cherokee Heritage Center also has a genealogist available to assist people in researching their Cherokee ancestry for a fee. : 918-456-6007\n\nThe Cherokee FIRST program has a volunteer initiative for free Dawes Roll lookups by email. You may send Roll look up requests to rolls@cherokee.org. To search the Guion Miller and Dawes/Freedman rolls yourself (no waiting on an email reply), check out:\n\nDawes/Freedman Roll Search – NARA Archival Information Locator (NAIL):\nhttp://www.archives.gov/research/arc/native-americans-final-rolls.html
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Look at a history book. Put in pictures of Andrew Jackson as well since he was the pres. who forced them to leave. And put in a picture of John Marshall who was the Supreme Court Chief Justice who supported the Cherokee.
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Opothleyahola, also spelled Opothle Yohola, Opothleyoholo, Hu-pui-hilth Yahola, and Hopoeitheyohola, (about 1798 – March 27, 1863) was a Muscogee Creek Indian chief, noted as a brilliant orator and spokesperson of the Upper Creek Council. He fought against the United States government during the first two Seminole Wars, and then for the Union during the American Civil War. He was also known by his nickname, "Old Gouge."\n\nEarly life\nOpothleyahola was born at Tuckabatchee town in present day Elmore County, Alabama. He is believed to have fought against the whites possibly as early as the War of 1812 and again in the Creek War of 1813-1814, including against General Andrew Jackson at the Battle of Horseshoe Bend. Opothleyoholo swore his allegiance to never again bear arms against the Federal government.\n\nAfter the Creek War, some of the Lower Creek leaders signed a number of treaties that ceded considerable land to Georgia. Eventually, the Creek Confederacy enacted a law that made further land cessions a capital offense. In 1825, these chiefs signed the Treaty of Indian Springs, which gave up most of the remaining Creek lands in Georgia. The Creek National Council, led by Opothleyahola, protested to the United States government that the treaty was fraudulent. President John Quincy Adams was sympathetic, and eventually the treaty was nullified in a new agreement, the Treaty of Washington (1826). However, Georgia officials began forcibly removing the Indians.\n\nWhen the Alabama legislature also moved to abolish tribal governments and extend state laws over the Creeks, Opothleyahola appealed to the administration of President Andrew Jackson for appeasement. When none was forthcoming, the Treaty of Cusseta was signed on March 24, 1832, which divided up Creek lands into individual allotments. Creeks could either sell their allotments and received funds to remove to the West, or stay in Alabama and submit to the state laws.\n\nIn 1834, Opothleyahola traveled to Nacogdoches, Texas, in an attempt to purchase land to accommodate his people. After an initial payment of $20,000, pressure from both the Mexican and American governments forced Opothleyahola to abandon the idea. In 1836, Opothleyahola, commissioned as a colonel by the U.S. government, led 1,500 of his warriors against rebellious Lower Creeks that had allied with Seminoles in fighting the white occupation. Soon after, Federal authorities forced the emigration of many of the tribes to the West, an exile known as the "Trail of Tears." In 1837, Opothleyahola led 8,000 of his people from Alabama to lands north of the Canadian River in the Indian Territory, now Oklahoma.\n\nOpothleyahola joined the Freemasons and became a Baptist. He became a wealthy trader and owned a 2,000-acre plantation near North Fork Town, with labor from a number of slaves. He quarreled with "half-breed" Lower Creek leaders, who advocated closer relationships with encroaching whites and had supported the removal to Indian Territory. He encouraged the Creek Council to pass and carry out a death sentence on one of these men, Chief William McIntosh, who had been accused of illegally selling Creek lands to the whites.\n\nCivil War\nAt the outbreak of the American Civil War, Opothleyahola refused form an alliance with the Confederacy, unlike many other tribes, including many of the Lower Creeks. Runaway slaves, free blacks, Chickasaw and Seminole Indians began gathering at Opothleyahola's plantation, hoping to remain neutral in the conflict between the North and South. On August 15, 1861, Opothleyahola and tribal chief Micco Hutko contacted President Abraham Lincoln to request help for the loyalists. On September 10, they received a positive response stating the United States government would indeed assist them. The letter directed Opothleyahola to move his people to Fort Row in Wilson County, Kansas, where they would receive asylum and aid.\n\nOn November 15, former Federa