incident rate of cystic fibrosis?
372507
It is the most common genetic disease among people with European ancestry. Approximately one in every 25 people of European descent is a carrier of one of the cystic fibrosis mutations, having one normal gene and one CF gene.Whereas, the carrier rate is 1 in 17,000 live births of African Americans, and 1 in 90,000 live births of the Asian population of Hawaii.[2]\n\nSince cystic fibrosis is recessive, both copies of the gene have to be CF genes to cause the symptoms that occur in about 1 in every 2500 children. The high incidence of this lethal gene can be explained by the fact that CF carriers, who don't show any symptoms, enjoy some protection against cholera, since the extreme water loss in the intestines is prevented. More recently, evidence suggests CF genes could give protection against typhoid fever. People from areas where cholera and typhoid fever are not problems show a much lower incidence of CF. Genetic counseling and genetic testing is recommended for families who may be carriers of cystic fibrosis.\n\nAs CF is caused by a pair of recessive gene mutations, couples with the same CF mutation will have a one in four chance that their offspring is afflicted with CF. Prenatal and preconceptional screening will identify parents at risk to have offspring with CF. Different population groups have a different prevalence of CF, thus such screening tests will be most useful in populations with a high prevalence. According to ACOG, the risk of being a carrier for an abnormal gene sequence related to CF is 1/24 for Ashkenazi Jews, 1/25 for non-Hispanic Caucasians, 1/46 for Hispanic Americans, 1/ 65 for African Americans, and 1/94 for Asian Americans. Typically one partner is screened, and if found positive the other partner undergoes the test, but in situations of time constraints, i.e. during prenatal testing, both partners may undergo testing. Genetic testing examines a panel of the most common forms of gene mutations that can lead to CF, typically 23 mutations are checked. However as over 1,300 mutations are linked to CF, there remains a residual risk even in the presence of negative testing. Couples who undergo preconceptional testing can choose among several reproductive options, including PGD prior to establishing a pregnancy, prenatal fetal testing by chorionic villus sampling or amniocentesis, or the use of alternative gametes (third party reproduction).\n\nCystic fibrosis was first described as a disease in the late 1930s by Dorothy Hansine Andersen.In 1988, the first mutation for CF, ΔF508, was discovered by Francis Collins, Lap-Chee Tsui and John R. Riordan on the seventh chromosome of the human genome. Research has subsequently found over 1000 different mutations that may cause CF, however ΔF508 accounts for approximately 70% of CF patients in Europe (this percentage varies regionally). Lap-Chee Tsui led a team of researchers at the Genomic Biology Program of the Research Institute, at The Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto to discover the gene responsible for CF in 1989.
1058864
my whole life or today???\ntoday....about 20 times...(bad allergies)\nmy whole life...prolly about 9 million times
983341
I am getting over a sinus cold. On Monday, I didn't keep count throughout the day but in addition to the normal sneezing, I had 3 different sneezing fits where I sneezed at least 15 times each. It was awful. It was like sneeze, 7 seconds, sneeze, 7 seconds, sneeze. \n\nSo I'd guess maybe close to 50 times total.
63837
Cystic fibrosis (CF), also called mucoviscidosis, is an autosomal recessive hereditary disease that affects the lungs, sweat glands and the digestive system.\n\nCF was first described as a disease in the late 1930s. It is the most common genetic disease among people with European ancestry. Approximately one in every 25 people of European descent is a carrier for the cystic fibrosis gene, having one normal gene and one CF gene. Since cystic fibrosis is recessive, both copies of the gene have to be CF genes to cause the symptoms that occur in about 1 in every 2500 children. The high incidence of this lethal gene can be explained by the fact that CF carriers, who don't show any symptoms, enjoy some protection against cholera, since the extreme water loss in the intestines is prevented. People from areas where cholera is not a problem show a much lower incidence of CF. Genetic counseling and genetic testing is recommended for families who may be carriers of cystic fibrosis.\n\nIn 1988, the gene for CF was discovered by Francis Collins and Lap-Chee Tsui on the seventh chromosome of the human genome.
527531
If you are asking for the percentage of occurance for each condition, I do not know. I did find a site which is relative at :\nhttp://www.medstudents.com.br/endoc/endoc5.htm\nI wish you the best of luck.
1009282
I would go the WHO (World Health Organization) website, there you should be able to get timeline statistics.
48367
http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic2120.htm
228310
Generally?  Well...get the FIO2 down below 50% ASAP...lowering as tolerated (I like O2 at 40% or less).  To wean...NIFs of course, lowering SIMV rate to at least six, pressure support....The NIFs mean a lot.  They are a pretty good indicator regarding the pt's ability to do well post vent/intubation......
13361
Cystic fibrosis is an the most common autosomal recessive condition in caucasian children.  It has an occurrence of 1/2000 and 1/22 are carriers in the caucasian population.  It is characterized by abnormally elevated sweat chloride levels, pancreatic insufficiency in 85% of patients and blockage of the airway by thick, heavy mucus.  The later contributes to chronic airway infections.  Half the patients die before the age of 30.\n\nThe gene responsible, CFTR on chromosome 7q31 encodes for a chloride ion channel.  A 3-base-pair deletion in the first nucleotide binding domain is a typical cause for the disorder.  \n\nRecent gene therapy trials have attempted in vivo GAT using recombinant adenoviruses or liposomes to deliver the CFTR gene to the respiratory epithelium have been attempted.  The spice tumeric has also been indicated as potentially limiting the severity of the disease.  Finally, liver transplantation may be a possibility.
355921
Actually, if two people produce a child with Cystic Fibrosis then they are both carriers of the gene. That means that everytime they reproduce there is a 1 in 4 chance that their offspring will have Cystic Fibrosis. \n\nBasically, it is a genetic matrix. Each parent donates 2 genes to the process. Each parent has one healthy gene and one CF gene. There are four possible genetic combinations when two people with the Cystic Fibrosis gene have a child. \n\nThe child could get one healthy gene from each parent and the child will not develop Cystic Fibrosis. \n\nThe child could receive one healthy gene from his mother and one CF gene from his father and the child will not develop Cystic Fibrosis. \n\nThe child could receive one healthy gene from his father and one CF gene from his mother and the child will not develop Cystic Fibrosis. \n\nThe child could get one CF gene from each parent and the child will develop Cystic Fibrosis. \n\nThere are two important things to remember.\n\nFirst, if the child receives a CF gene from his parents he has the potential of passing that gene on to his children. This is especially true if he were to have a child with a woman who also carries the gene.\n\nSecond, this does not mean that if a couple were to have four children only one would be at risk of having Cystic Fibrosis. The odds start all over with each pregnancy. It's like having a little sack with 3 red marbles and 1 blue marble in it. If you take a marble from the sack and it is red but place the marble back in before you draw again, you have an equal chance of pulling that red marble the second time (just like the first time).
552349
It has been fatal in 56% of cases (up to 1st may)\n\nCheck out www.bbc.co.uk and search for bird flu. They have a detailed explanation of it that is easy to understand. Whats more, the information on it is correct!
1017331
They tend to affect different areas, and cystic fibrosis is a systemic disease, while pulmonary fibrosis deals with the respiratory pathways. Cystic fibrosis is causes by a genetic defect in a cell's chloride transporter, not allowing chloride out of a cell, which is required to get other chemicals and compounds out of the cell as well. The chloride builds up in the cells as do other compounds. This causes cysts to appear in the form of calcifications. One of the first areas of affect in CF is the pancreas, leading to various GI problems. Eventually, the cause of death from CF is due to pulmonary fibrosis.
125020
Humans typically breathe between 12 and 20 times per minute, with children breathing faster than adults. Babies may breathe as much as 40 times per minute. Adults normally breathe about 500-700ml of air at a time. An average 14 year old takes around 30,000 breaths per day.
447031
The Department of Health and Human Services released a survey estimating that child abuse and neglect in the United States nearly doubled during the seven years between 1986 and 1993. \n\nThe report estimated the number of abused and neglected children increased from 1.4 million in 1986, to over 2.8 million in 1993. The number of children who were seriously injured quadrupled from about 143,000 to nearly 570,000.\n\nOf course, this is an old study, and it is talking merely about numbers of reported victims.  Reports sometimes vary simply because trends may veer away from reporting when constant attention is not focused on the problem.\n\nNumbers alone cannot reflect the gravity of this problem.  Given this rate of increase the number possible today looks astronomical.  Remember that one child is a crisis of intolerable proportion.  Nobody should be truly at peace when anybody is hurting -- especially children.
688752
* In the US: In one study, the incidence in the United States is estimated to be 0-0.9%, and the incidence in New York State is estimated to be 0.23%. \n\n    * Internationally: In Taiwan, the incidence is estimated to be 1.6-2.5%; in Scotland, 0.06%; and in Hungary, 0.47%. In some parts of Asia and Africa, the incidence is estimated to be 4-10%.
410908
normal respiratory rate accounts for 16-30 cpm for an adult and 24-35 cpm for neonate and infant.\n\nany deviation or greater than those numbers mentioned could mean alteration in your lung function.
792825
http://www.acf.dhhs.gov/news/recipients.htm\n\nnot the latest data, but I am looking for current numbers.