fossil of a soft bodied creature called hallucigenia?
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http://www.infothis.com/find/Hallucigenia/ (same as above, only with the source)\nHere's what it looks like:\nhttp://www.nmnh.si.edu/paleo/images/fhallu.gif\n\nHere are possible reconstructions:\nhttp://gsc.nrcan.gc.ca/paleochron/09_e.php\nhttp://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/cambrian_14\n\nI recommend you Stephen Jay Gould's book "Wonderful life" for a detailed and also entertaining account of Burgess Shale fossils.
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Its a kind of prehistoric turtle.
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One of the earliest known dinosaurs, Coelophysis (see-law-FYS-iss) meaning "hollow form" in reference to its hollow bones (Greek koilos = hollow + physis = form) is a small, carnivorous biped from North America. It first appeared in the Late Triassic period, around 210 million years ago.\n\nDescription\nCoelophysis bauri is the earliest well known dinosaur. C. bauri was a lightly built dinosaur, between two to three meters in length, and less than a meter tall at the hips. The name Coelophysis means "hollow form" or "hollow process, so named because of its hollow limb bones.\n\nDespite being an early dinosaur, the evolution of the theropod body form had already advanced greatly from creatures like Herrerasaurus and Eoraptor. Coelophysis had an elongated snout with large fenestrae which helped to reduce skull weight, while narrow struts of bones preserved the structural integrity of the skull. The neck had a pronounced sigmoid curve.\n\nThe torso of Coelophysis conforms to the basic theropod body plan, but the pectoral girdle displays some interesting characteristics. C. bauri had a furcula (wishbone), the earliest known example in a dinosaur. Coelophysis also preserves the ancestral condition of possessing four digits on the hand (manus). It had only three functional digits, the fourth embedded in the flesh of the hand.\n\nThe pelvis and hindlimbs of C. bauri are also slight variations on the theropod body plan. It has the open acetabulum and straight ankle hinge that define the Dinosauria. The hindlimb ended in a three-toed foot (pes), with a raised hallux.\n\nThe tail of Coelophysis had an unusual structure within its prezygapophysis that formed a semi-rigid lattice, apparently to stop the tail from moving up and down (Gay, 2001). This may have let tail act as a rudder or counterbalance when the animal was maneuvering.\n\n\nBehavior\nEvidence for behavior in the fossil record is always spotty, and this also holds true for Coelophysis. Despite the huge number of specimens available from Ghost Ranch, only some basic deductions about its behavior can be gleaned.\n\nCoelophysis was probably opportunistic, catching live prey and scavenging. The teeth were typical of predatory dinosaurs, blade-like and recurved with fine serrations on both anterior and posterior edges. They were rooted in the jaws in sockets, and were being continually replaced throughout the animal's life.\n\nSince our knowledge of Coelophysis comes basically from the specimens excavated from Ghost Ranch, there is a tendency to see this massive congregation of animals as evidence for huge packs of Coelophysis roaming the land (a la Walking with Dinosaurs). There is no evidence for this. What the deposit does tell us is that large numbers of Coelophysis, along with other Triassic animals, were buried together. Some of the evidence from the taphonomy of the site indicates that these animals may have been gathered together to feed or drink from a depleted water hole, or to feed on a big spawning run of fish, and then were buried in a catastrophic flash flood. This reconstructed incident inspired the scenario of the first episode of Walking with Dinosaurs.\n\nSome people, both lay and professional, have suggested that C. bauri was a cannibal. While this possibility cannot be ruled out, the evidence from the commonly-cited examples does not appear to hold up to scrutiny (Gay, 2002). There may be other evidence coming to light that may show stomach contents from some of these specimens, which might bring greater resolution to the subject (Reinhart et al., 2005).\n\nTwo forms of Coelophysis have been found, a more graceful form and a slightly more robust form. Opinion among paleontologists is now that these were female and male variants (see: sexual dimorphism) (Colbert, 1989, 1990; Paul, 1988; Gay, 2005).\n\n[\nClassification\nCoelophysis is a distinct taxonomic unit (genus), composed of a single species, C. bauri. Two additional species we
599017
Thye lived a long time ago, and the closest living relative to the dinosaurs is the crocodile.  Crocodiles have remained unchanged for 1000's of years.
418542
Pterosaurs do indeed rock.\n\nBut my favorite Mesozoic creatures are the ammonites.  I love those shells with their complicated septa (dividers) inside!  So beautiful, so mysterious.\n\nWhy are they extinct?  WHY?  *sniff*\n\nI'm also fond of a reptile (like the pterandons, not a dinosaur) called Longisquamus.  I just like to say Longisquamus.  It's neat!  It's got huge... somethings sticking out of it's back.  We don't really know what, skin flaps maybe.  It looks weird, what more do you want out of an extinct animal?  :-)
507473
Try www.google.com you ll find many sites on the prehistoric time of reptiles
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This is an excerpt from the referenced website:\n"Recovery of diagnostic ankle bones in the skeletons of primitive protocetids during our field work in Pakistan in 2000 confirmed their derivation from Artiodactyla (the mammalian order including cows, deer, hippos, etc.), and showed convincingly that whales did not originate from mesonychid condylarths as Van Valen hypothesized (and we had expected)."\n\nHope this helps.
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Archaepoteryx. \nFeathered dinosaurs. \nThe fact that mitochondrial drift in terrestrial organisms tend to vary mutationally in a way that appears to very closely mirror the fossil record.\nThe differences in the design of eyes in cephalopods and vertebrates, even though parallel evolution is given them similar levels of visual acuity.\nThe obvious relationship between dogs and wolves.\nThe more than obvious relationship, both morphologically and genetically) between humans and apes (i.e. explain why Malaysians named the Orangutan the way they did, as in 'orang' is Malay for 'man.')\nThe fact that humans have more vestigial tail than do chimps\nThe fact that whales have vestigial land-limbs.\nThe clear record showing the advances of horses since Eophippus in the Eocene.\nThe fact that there are fossils of beings who are very clearly human, and also very clearly not us (Homo Erectus, Ergaster, Habilis, Neanderthalensis, Florensis.)\n\nI could go on and on and on. But I know those unwilling to hear, won't anyway, so why waste the typing?
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An Evolutionary History based on Comparative Anatomy and fossil Sequences
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Liopleurodon\n\nLiopleurodon is a relatively common and well preserved fossil from several marine deposits throughout Europe. It was a type of pliosaur, or short-necked plesiosaur.\n\nPliosaurs are a group of plesiosaurs. Plesiosaurs are one of a type of reptiles that returned to the sea. They appeared in Early Jurassic times and rapidly split into two major groups: long-necked forms like Cryptoclidus, and short-necked forms, or pliosaurs like Liopleurodon.\n\nIt had four large paddle-shaped limbs, which made it a powerful swimmer. At almost 25 m long Liopleurodon was the biggest carnivore that ever existed. It had an enormous 3 metre long mouth which contained teeth twice as long as those of Tyrannosaurus. These were arranged in a distinctive rosette at the end of its snout. The remains of Liopleurodon attacks are also preserved in the fossil record. Half-eaten ichthyosaurs and teeth marks in plesiosaur flippers are clear evidence of their voracious appetites.
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Around 3.5 billion years ago
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http://biodidac.bio.uottawa.ca/thumbnails/catquery.htm?Kingdom=Animalia&Phylum=Hemichordata&category=photo
24541
We can't really prove it. All their insides were decayed, so the only evidence of them being reptiles is their bone structure. But for all we know, they could have been fuzzy, warm blooded, dinosaurs. There is no way to determine either way scientifically, because we can't see a live one.
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Homo habilis 2.4 Million Years Ago\nHomo erectus 1.8 MYA\nHomo ergaster 1.8 MYA\nHomo heidelbergensis 800 Thousand Years Ago\nHomo sapiens idaltu 160 TYA\nHomo floresiensis 12 TYA\nHomo neanderthalensis 250 TYA\nHomo sapiens 200 TYA
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The three species of Lagidium (Lagidium peruanum, L. viscacia, and L. wolffsohni) share a number of cranial features which classify the Family Chinchillidae:  They are hystricognathous (the angular process where the masseter arises is lateral to the plane of the rest of the jaw), and strongly hystricomorphous (in which the infraorbital foramen is enlarged for attachment of the medial masseter muscle).  The mandibles have no masseteric crest, the lacrimals are large and the lacrimal canal opens on the side of the rostrum.  The auditory bullae are enlarged.  The teeth have a pattern of 1/1, 0/0, 1/1, 3/3 = 20) and are hypodont and rootless.  Their molars have two or three closely packed lamellar plates.\n\nSome workers have suggested that the large genetic distances (between 5.9% and 8.9%) between the described species may mean that there are more than the three species of Lagidium that are currently recognized.  Other authors include L. peruanum within L. viscacia, meaning only two species in the Genus.\n\nIf you are looking for the specific characters used to distinguish the different species, I would recommend checking out the following references:\n\nWoods, C. 1993.  Suborder Hystricognathi. Pp. 771-806 in Mammal species of the world: a taxonomic and geographic reference (D.E. Wilson and D.M. Reeder, eds.). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.\n\nAnderson, S. 1997.  Mammals of Bolivia, taxonomy and distribution.  Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 231:1-652.
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as the flintsones is a documentary using actual footage it is 100% plausible. Dino is a purple dinosaur, who would probably morph into a chinchilla to live in the modern world
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That would be an exoskeleton. Basically a shell on an organism (ants, beetles, most insects), instead of having bone structures such as humans and other mammals