what are the steps in meiosis?
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meiosis steps\n1) Meiosis I\nProphase I\nMetaphase I\nAnaphase I\nTelophase I\n2)meiosis II\nProphase II\nMetaphase II\nAnaphase II\nTelophase II
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meiosis is the production of sex cells. \nmitosis is the production of somatic (body - think skin cells) cells.\n\nMitosis occurs in 5 stages - interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. \n\nInterphase = is when the DNA condenses into chromatin and gets ready for replication. This is the stage when the DNA replicates itself.\n\nProphase = is when spindle fibers form, the chromosomes condenses, the nuclear membrane breaks down and the cell begins to get ready to divide. \n\nMetaphase =  is when the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. \n\nAnaphase =  is when the chromosomes move away from the middle and to the ends of the cell\n\nTelophase = two new nuclear membranes form.\n\n*Cytokenis = not really a stage, but it's when the cells organelles split. At the end of mitosis, you have two new somatic cells.\n\nMeiosis is trickier. there's a Meiosis I and Meisosis II. basically diploid cells are split in half to form haploid cells. \n\nMeiosis I is made up of Interphase, Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, and Telophase I. Each of those stages are mostly the same as Mitosis, except that at the end of Meiosis I, you have 2 new daughter cells. \n\nMeiosis II is made up of Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II and Telophase II. these stages are the basically the same as mitosis too except that at the end of Meiosis II, you have 4 new daughter cells (that are haploid, meaning they have one set of chromosomes.)\n\nthis is just what i remember from biology. you should google it if you want more details.
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mitosis:the process in cell division by which the nucleus divides, typically consisting of four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase.\n\nmeiosis: (genetics) cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms; the nucleus divides into four nuclei each containing half the chromosome number (leading to gametes in animals and spores in plants) \n\nosmosis:Transmission of fluids from one cell into another; foundation of metabolism, led by the concentration of salt within a cell. Water can penetrate cell membranes, and strives to, where the concentration of salt is highest, in order to equalize the salt concentration in the body.
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During the metapase of mitosis.\n\nHere's a picture that should help you out!!\nhttp://www.uhh.hawaii.edu/~ronald/392/Mitosis.JPG
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, process of nuclear division in a living cell by which the number of chromosomes is reduced to half the original number. Meiosis occurs only in the process of gametogenesis, i.e., when the gametes, or sex cells (ovum and sperm), are being formed. Because fertilization consists of the fusion of two separate nuclei, one from each of the sex cells, meiosis is necessary to prevent the doubling of the chromosome number in each successive generation. An ordinary body cell is diploid; i.e., it contains two of each type of chromosome. The members of each pair are known as homologous chromosomes. An ovum or sperm is haploid; i.e., it contains only a single chromosome of each type and, therefore, half the number of chromosomes of the diploid cell. When the two haploid cells fuse, the diploid number is restored, and the plant or animal growing from the fertilized egg (zygote) has the usual diploid number of chromosomes in its cells. Just before meiosis each chromosome replicates to form two identical copies in the form of strands called chromatids joined together at a point called the centromere. In the first stage of meiosis, called the reduction division, the members of each pair of homologous chromosomes lie side by side and crossing over occurs. Each member of the pair then moves away from the other toward opposite ends of the dividing cell, and two nuclei, each with the haploid number of double-stringed chromosomes, are formed. Thus at the beginning of the second meiotic sequence, called the equational division, each cell nucleus contains one chromosome from each homologous pair and each chromosome is of two strands that are identical (except where crossing over has occurred). Then the chromosomes separate into their single strands which move toward opposite ends of the dividing nucleus. The result of meiotic division is four cells, each haploid, with one chromosome of each pair.
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that mitosis or meiosis occured.
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>meiosis (mīŏ'sĭs) , process of nuclear division in a living cell by which the number of chromosomes is reduced to half the original number. Meiosis occurs only in the process of gametogenesis, i.e., when the gametes, or sex cells (ovum and sperm), are being formed. Because fertilization consists of the fusion of two separate nuclei, one from each of the sex cells, meiosis is necessary to prevent the doubling of the chromosome number in each successive generation. An ordinary body cell is diploid; i.e., it contains two of each type of chromosome. The members of each pair are known as homologous chromosomes. An ovum or sperm is haploid; i.e., it contains only a single chromosome of each type and, therefore, half the number of chromosomes of the diploid cell. When the two haploid cells fuse, the diploid number is restored, and the plant or animal growing from the fertilized egg (zygote) has the usual diploid number of chromosomes in its cells. Just before meiosis each chromosome replicates to form two identical copies in the form of strands called chromatids joined together at a point called the centromere. In the first stage of meiosis, called the reduction division, the members of each pair of homologous chromosomes lie side by side and crossing over occurs. Each member of the pair then moves away from the other toward opposite ends of the dividing cell, and two nuclei, each with the haploid number of double-stringed chromosomes, are formed. Thus at the beginning of the second meiotic sequence, called the equational division, each cell nucleus contains one chromosome from each homologous pair and each chromosome is of two strands that are identical (except where crossing over has occurred). Then the chromosomes separate into their single strands which move toward opposite ends of the dividing nucleus. The result of meiotic division is four cells, each haploid, with one chromosome of each pair.\n\n>meiosis (meye-oh-sis) \nDivision of cells in which four “daughter” cells are produced from one “parent” cell, each with half the genes of the parent. Meiosis is a key process in sexual reproduction. In the ovaries and testes, meiosis produces a great variety of sex cells (sperm and ova), because the genes of the parent cell can be split in many different ways. The sex cells combine in fertilization to produce a new individual with the full number of genes — half from each parent. Because the sex cells come in such variety, and come from two parents, there is an enormous number of possible forms for the offspring. (See chromosomes, genetics, and mitosis.) \n\n>mei·o·sis (mī-ō'sĭs)\nn., pl. -ses (-sēz').\nThe special process of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that results in the formation of gametes, consisting of two nuclear divisions in rapid succession that in turn result in the formation of four gametocytes, each containing half the number of chromosomes that is found in somatic cells.\n\n>meiosis: \nIn biology, meiosis is the process that transforms one diploid cell into four haploid cells in eukaryotes in order to redistribute the diploid's cell's genome.\n\nMeiosis forms the basis of sexual reproduction and can only occur in eukaryotes. In meiosis, the diploid cell's genome, which is composed of ordered structures of coiled DNA called chromosomes, is replicated once and separated twice, producing four sets of haploid cells each containing half of the original cell's chromosomes. These resultant haploid cells will fertilize with other haploid cells of the opposite gender to form a diploid cell again. The cyclical process of separation by meiosis and genetic recombination through fertilization is called the life cycle. The result is that the offspring produced during germination after meiosis will have a slightly different blueprint which has instructions for the cells to work, contained in the DNA. This allows sexual reproduction to occur.\n\nBiochemically
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1- Meiosis happens in stem cells that give rise to gametes (sex cells). \nMitosis happens in all other cells.\nIn women every month only one stem cell goes through meiosis forming 4 haploid cells. In men many cells go through meiosis everyday.\nEvery other cell in body goes through mitosis in a daily basis to replace old and dead cell.\n2- Before cell replication starts.\n3- At the end of the prophase (in case of meiosis, end of the prophase 1)\n4- Mitosis: diploid cells; Meiosis: haploid cells\n5- Every thing but cell division: the cell obtain nutrients and when it gets close to cell division, it will duplicate its DNA and other organelles.
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Mitosis and meiosis are sometimes called the two "nuclear division" processes
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Meiosis is the process that transforms one diploid cell into four haploid cells in eukaryotes in order to redistribute the diploid's cell's genome.\n\nMeiosis forms the basis of sexual reproduction and can only occur in eukaryotes. In meiosis, the diploid cell's genome, which is composed of ordered structures of coiled DNA called chromosomes, is replicated once and separated twice, producing four haploid cells each containing half of the original cell's chromosomes. These resultant haploid cells will fertilize with other haploid cells of the opposite gender to form a diploid cell again. The cyclical process of separation by meiosis and genetic recombination through fertilization is called the life cycle. The result is that the offspring produced during germination after meiosis will have a slightly different blueprint which has instructions for the cells to work, contained in the DNA. This allows sexual reproduction to occur.\n\nMeiosis uses many biochemical processes that are similar to those used in mitosis in order to distribute chromosomes among the resulting cells; however the outcome is very different.
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During meiosis, sexually reproducing organisms choose one of the two versions of each chromosome they have (the two versions are supplied because each parent provides one copy of each chromosome) to be included in the haploid gametes. Because one copy of two possible choices has to be made for each of the 4 chromosomes (diploid number of 8 is referring to the fact there are 2 copies of each of 4 chromosomes meaning 8 total). \n\nTo figure out the number of possible combination you use a simple probability formula. \n\nThere are 2 choices for the first chromosome location x 2 possible choices for the second location x 2 possibilities for the third location x 2 possibilities for the final location\n\n2x2x2x2 = 16 possible combinations that can be made in any one gamete.\n\nOf course this is the absence of any crossing over event, which can produce an incalculable number of possible rearrangements.
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Meiosis reduces a cell from a diploid cell to a haploid cell. This is important because if it didn't reduce a diploid to a haploid cell, when fertilization would occur, chromosomes would double and that is bad. Chromosome number is species based.\n\nSexual reproduction requires meiosis.\n\nMeiosis in stages....\n\nMeiosis1\n\nInterphase-same as interphase usually is. \n\nMeiosis I\nProphase I-crossing over (homologous chromosomes switch nonsister chromatids). Also the mitotic spindle fibers start forming from the aster and the nuclear envelope disappears.\n\nMetaphase I-The chromosomes meet together at the metaphasic plate, longest phase outside of interphase.\n\nAnaphase I-the chromosomes stay together (aka no break at centromere) they just don't pair up anymore. The pairs split, one chromosome going one way, the other going the other way.\n\nTelophase I and Cytokinesis-Nuclear envelope may or may not reform once the cleavage furrow or cell plate occur. Understand cytoplasmic inheritance with this as well.\n\nMeiosis II\n\nProphase (No interphase) II-no duplicaiton of chromosomes. The mitotic spindles form again\n\nMetaphase II-Everything goes towards the mitotic plate\n\nAnaphase II-The kinetochore spindles, or mitotic spindles, attach to the kinetochores and separate the chromosomes, bringing one chromatid to one end of the cell, another to the other end of the cell.\n\nTelophase II and cytokinesis-four haploid daughter cells are created. Think about it, meiosis I produces two cells, second division creates 4 because each diploid cell produces two haploids.
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Mitosis is nuclear division plus cytokinesis, and produces two identical daughter cells during prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Interphase is often included in discussions of mitosis, but interphase is technically not part of mitosis, but rather encompasses stages G1, S, and G2 of the cell cycle.  \nInterphase & mitosis Interphase \n  \nThe cell is engaged in metabolic activity and performing its prepare for mitosis (the next four phases that lead up to and include nuclear division). Chromosomes are not clearly discerned in the nucleus, although a dark spot called the nucleolus may be visible. The cell may contain a pair of centrioles (or microtubule organizing centers in plants) both of which are organizational sites for microtubules. \n \nProphase \n  \nChromatin in the nucleus begins to condense and becomes visible in the light microscope as chromosomes. The nucleolus disappears. Centrioles begin moving to opposite ends of the cell and fibers extend from the centromeres. Some fibers cross the cell to form the mitotic spindle. \n \nPrometaphase\n  \nThe nuclear membrane dissolves, marking the beginning of prometaphase. Proteins attach to the centromeres creating the kinetochores. Microtubules attach at the kinetochores and the chromosomes begin moving. \n \nMetaphase\n  \nSpindle fibers align the chromosomes along the middle of the cell nucleus. This line is referred to as the metaphase plate. This organization helps to ensure that in the next phase, when the chromosomes are separated, each new nucleus will receive one copy of each chromosome.\n \nAnaphase\n  \nThe paired chromosomes separate at the kinetochores and move to opposite sides of the cell. Motion results from a combination of kinetochore movement along the spindle microtubules and through the physical interaction of polar microtubules. \n \nTelophase \n  \nChromatids arrive at opposite poles of cell, and new membranes form around the daughter nuclei. The chromosomes disperse and are no longer visible under the light microscope. The spindle fibers disperse, and cytokinesis or the partitioning of the cell may also begin during this stage. \n \nCytokinesis\n \nIn animal cells, cytokinesis results when a fiber ring composed of a protein called actin around the center of the cell contracts pinching the cell into two daughter cells, each with one nucleus. In plant cells, the rigid wall requires that a cell plate be synthesized between the two daughter cells.
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Prophase\nPrometaphase\nMetaphase\nAnaphase\nTelophase\nCytokinesis\nclick here:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitosis#Phases_of_mitosis
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http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?p=meiosis&fr=FP-tab-img-t&toggle=1&cop=&ei=UTF-8
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1. Prophase 2. Metaphase 3. Anaphase 4.Teleohase
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remember the phases in meiosis (in order) :Prophase, Metaphase, anaphase, telephase (pmat)\nMitosis\nI  INTRODUCTION \n\nMitosis, process in which a cell’s nucleus replicates and divides in preparation for division of the cell. Mitosis results in two cells that are genetically identical, a necessary condition for the normal functioning of virtually all cells. Mitosis is vital for growth; for repair and replacement of damaged or worn out cells; and for asexual reproduction, or reproduction without eggs and sperm.\n\nAll multicellular animals, plants, fungi, and protists, which begin life as single cells, carry out mitosis to develop into complex organisms containing billions of cells. Mitosis continues in full-grown organisms as a means of maintaining the organism—replacing dying skin cells, for example, or repairing damaged muscle cells. In the cells of the adult human body, mitosis occurs about 25 million times per second. Multicellular organisms such as sea stars, sea anemones, fungi, and certain plants rely on mitosis for asexual reproduction at particular stages in their life cycles, and mitosis is the sole mode of reproduction for many single-celled organisms.\n\nII  INTERPHASE \n\nThe life cycle of eukaryotic cells, or cells containing a nucleus, is a continuous process typically divided into three phases for ease of understanding: interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis. Interphase includes three stages, referred to as G1, S and G2. In G1, a newly formed cell synthesizes materials needed for cell growth. In the S stage, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the genetic material of the cell, is replicated. At this stage, DNA consists of long, thin strands called chromatin. As each strand is replicated, it is linked to its duplicate by a structure known as a centromere. When the S stage is complete, the cell enters a brief stage known as G2, when specialized enzymes correct any errors in the newly synthesized DNA, and proteins involved with the next phase, mitosis, are synthesized. \n\nIII  MITOSIS \n\nMitosis occurs in four steps. In prophase the replicated, linked DNA strands slowly wrap around proteins that in turn coil and condense into two short, thick, rodlike structures called chromatids, attached by the centromere. Two structures called centrioles, both located on one side of the nucleus, separate and move toward opposite poles of the cell. As the centrioles move apart, they begin to radiate thin, hollow, proteins called microtubules. The microtubules arrange themselves in the shape of a football, or spindle, that spans the cell, with the widest part at the center of the cell and the narrower ends at opposite poles. As the spindle forms, the nuclear membrane breaks down into tiny sacs or vesicles that are dispersed in the cytoplasm. Final disintegration of the membrane marks the beginning of metaphase. \n\nIn metaphase, the spindle fibers attach to the chromatids near the centromeres, and tug and push the chromatids so that they line up in the equatorial plane of the cell halfway between the poles. Like two individuals standing back to back at the equator, one chromatid faces one pole of the cell, and its linked partner faces the opposite pole. This precise orientation is necessary in order for the next step, anaphase, to occur. Anaphase begins when the centromeres split, separating the identical chromatids into single chromosomes, which then move along the spindle fibers to opposite poles of the cell. \n\nAs these two identical groups of single chromosomes gather at opposite poles of the cell, telophase begins. A new nuclear membrane forms around each new group of chromosomes. The spindle fibers break down and the newly formed chromosomes begin to unwind. If viewed under a light microscope, the chromosomes appear to fade away. They exist, however, in the form of chromatin, the extended, thin strands of DNA too fine to be seen except with electron microscopes. Mitosis accomplishes replication and division of the nucleus,