Why did Atlantic Canada's Cod Fishing Industry close?
365664
On July 2, 1992, Canada's fisheries minister banned fishing for cod off the northeast coast of Newfoundland and off the southern half of Labrador. The northern cod stock, once one of the richest in the world, had collapsed.\n\nThe moratorium on northern cod marked the beginning of an unprecedented disaster for virtually all of Canada's Atlantic groundfisheries the fisheries for species that feed near the ocean floor. Nineteen-ninety-three saw dramatic reductions in the allowable catches of cod in the northern part of the Gulf of St. Lawrence and the closure of the cod fisheries off Newfoundland's south coast, Nova Scotia's east coast, and in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence. With the following years came further reductions and new moratoria, not only on cod but also on redfish (ocean perch), white hake, American plaice, turbot (Greenland halibut), and witch flounder.\n\nDespite the fishing bans, many stocks continued to decline, setting new historical lows year after year. Cod populations dropped to one one hundredth of their former sizes. In 1997, fishing for twenty-two stocks remained prohibited; most other groundfish stocks supported only severely limited fishing (Canada 1997, 79-82). In 1998, the Fisheries Resource Conservation Council, responsible for advising the fisheries minister on catch levels, expressed "surprise," "alarm," and "dismay" over the status of several stocks and projected further declines, even in the absence of any fishery (FRCC 1998b, 5-12). The council warned, "the outlook as described by scientists is even more bleak than at the beginning of the moratorium" (FRCC 1998a, 5). Some scientists worried that the worst hit stocks might never fully recover.\n\nThe collapse of the Atlantic groundfish was more than an ecological disaster: It was also an economic disaster. Groundfish landings in the 1980s had an average landed value of $345 million and a processed value of considerably more.\n\nAccording to Gus Etchegary, former chairman of the Fisheries Council of Canada and former president of Newfoundland's largest fishing and processing company, if catches off Newfoundland and Labrador had not declined in the previous twenty-five years, by 1997 they would have had an annual export value of $3 billion\n\nishery closures, throwing 40,000 fishermen and fish processors out of work, created social and economic chaos throughout Atlantic Canada, where half of the region's 1,300 fishing communities depend entirely on the fisheries for their existence (Auditor 1997, 14-9). In the words of Earle McCurdy, president of the Fish, Food, and Allied Workers union, "What we have is not an adjustment problem, but the most wrenching societal upheaval since the Great Depression. Our communities are in crisis. The people of the fishery are in turmoil" (Harris 1998, i).\n\nThe moratoria hit Newfoundland especially hard. The province has always depended on cod fishing. Cod inspired its first settlements, posts where English merchants salted and dried cod before shipping it to Europe. For centuries, fishing was Newfoundland's only major industry; it has remained the province's most important primary industry. Many communities have known nothing but fishing and fish processing. And many are prepared for nothing else: 83 percent of the province's fishermen have not graduated from secondary school, and more than a third have not attended any secondary school at all (Auditor 1997, 14-10). Former fisheries minister John Crosbie described Newfoundland's special relationship with cod:\n\n    Through the centuries, the northern cod was the economic foundation for the settlement and growth of communities along the east coast of Newfoundland and the coast of Labrador. Without the abundant fish stocks, there would have been no Newfoundland as a British colony, a British dominion, or, after 1949, a province of Canada. . . . Cod was the reason why Newfou
395048
The sea went from the gulf of mexico to the artic ocean, east of the rockies.  And don't forget Alberta! Us Canadians were underwater too!
810616
YES!!! people say that business will boom due to the new law...not true!!! more lies. look at how many jobs were lost in canada at windsor due to their smoking ban. bunch of whiny crybabies always looking for ways to live longer. smokers have paid for many a building, and it was bad enough before when they threw us in a corner or outside to smoke...now we can't even smoke at all! i'm hoping my job (bartending in a dive bar) will hold out untill i'm finished with school....but i doubt it. if people can't even smoke in a dive bar, they'll stay home. all you self rightious people can rest easy and maybe live a couple more years  and find something else to cry about. i've got kids to feed and i 'm watching my job die a slow death on the clean air in the bar.
77125
There is an explanation for many mines in Canada at this website: http://www.mining-technology.com/projects/#North_America\n\nAn example from the Campbell Gold Mine in Ontario:\nThe run-of-mine ore is crushed in the mine and lifted out, re-crushed to less than 10 mm size and ground by a rod mill, ball mill, and cyclone mill series. They then use a gravity separation using Knelson concentrators. Shaking tables then separate much of the sulphides from free gold, and then a flotation process is used before autoclaving. The resulting solids are treated to convert sulphides and arsenic. It is then neutralized with lime and leached in an eight stage cyanide process. Finally a zinc precipitation sytem is used to recover the gold and it is refined on site. There are more details on the website.
975948
The only instance of animals dying in the ANWR is the caribou because they pass a pipe site, it was a coincedence that they were killed, it really won't affect the animals. Also, with the war and everything prices are going to be high for a long time, a private supply would give us oil for a long time! If you were at my school watching my groups presentation on why we should drill you would've had a more elaborate reason, sorry i can't give you more reasons, don't have the time.
977861
U.S. industry is controlled by the demands of the market (we, the buyers).  Unfortunately our government is NOT controlling what it should, and that is price fixing, monopolies and unfair trade practices. The breakup of Bell Telephone was a very good move, look what THAT brought us. Too many special interests now blocking similar breakups. Our oil companies are now holding back millions of barrels of oil to prop up the price (now that the election is over). In 1976 the Alyeska Pipeline was flowing at 96% flow rate, today it is under 30%, with twice as many producing wells on the north slopes.  THAT is what a monopoly gets you.  \n\nAffirmative action is the least of out worries...
361992
I'm assuming you know the issue so i'll go with the short answer.  They ended up building the golf course on the burial grounds after the standoff.\n\nI tried to find a news article or something to back it up but i only came up with a cbc news article that really had no info but here's the link http://history.cbc.ca/history/webdriver?MIval=EpisContent&series_id=1&episode_id=17&chapter_id=2&page_id=2&lang=E
492407
Why would anybody fry a salt fish?  It might actually take really long time becuse the giraffes would have to have access to fishing boats and supplies and a boat that they could live on.  And they would have to be citizens of a coutry with rights to a useful space of ocean.  Then they'd have to find some water brimming with delicious cod, like when the Basques found all those cod near Canada's Atlantic coast and they were bringing back all kinds of salt cod, and everyone was like, "where are they getting all them cod?"
229669
Wow..that thing has been closed for years. Used to be part of the infamous "black triangle" smelters in US and Mexico. The town still hasn't recovered from the closing and Phelps Dodge leaving. Whats the scoop?
611181
A lot of UK immigrants came to Canada around the late 1800's early 1900's becouse of industrilization. Peasants were driven from their homes so sheep could roam the countryside for textiles, famine was wide spread and Canada and America were the New World. People were promised land and a new start  some worked on vessels for their passage. Many died on the way over. When they came to the New World they found a very new and wild country and they had to do whatever jobs were available a lot became boat builders or lumberers or worked for the railways then they begin to homestead westward. Excellent referance can be found at Halifaxs Pier 21 or the National Archives in Ottawa. If you know where your Great grandfathered entered the country you can go to the archives there or web search and they will have some records. Good Luck
280508
It allowed more interational trade to reach great lakes, but there was a huge trade off.  Fisheries, estuaries and the such suffered greatly becauase the introduction of foreign species such as alwife's and sea lampreys.  As a result, the fishing industry (both sports and commericial), once vibrant in the late 19th and early 20th century declined so much so that their really aren't any big fisheries around here to speak of.  Because of the unnatural balance created by the introduction of exotic species into the ecosystem, government has introduced other nonnative species that eat alwife's (salmonids are an example, salmon are not native to Great Lakes), and by spraying lampricides into streams (sea lampreys have offspring in streams) which not only kills the lampreys but also helpful organisms that act as siphons.  Government has to keep on repopulating the salmon in Great Lakes because they can't survive on their own.  It's true that their are sports fisherman who fish for salmon in the Great Lakes, but at what cost.  Many of our native fish species, some of which didn't survive anywhere else are now extinct because of canals connecting freshwater and seawater.\n\nSorry to go off on the tangent like that!  I didn't mean for the answer to be so long.
502407
Could you meant First Atlantic Capital? I think there is a Canadian outfit by that name?
671521
I think it was over before it even got started.  There were a few caught a few weeks ago, as of late, nothing.  I have heard that they are running late down state (port huron), so don't give up hope yet.
923935
How about Timber - wood, for ship building. Canada has lots of lumber and the Brits were really, really into ship building around that time.\n\nGood Luck
657023
Pretty much because they ran out of funds.  I've included some recent chats about the PWBA.\n\nMatt
1013813
You'll need the name of the company. Google for it, see if they have a website that discusses.\n\nIf not, call the local newspaper or visit the library to check the back issues / archives from the time period when it closed, to see what announcements were made.\n\nThe "when" I can't help you with.\n\nThe "why" is simple: money. It wasn't operating at a profit, or there was an opportunity to operate at a higher profit somewhere else.
280139
None.  Canada is not a viable place to live, eh?