What are 10 uncertanties of global climate models?
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conducted some searching with no results. sorry
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That's a very broad question.  Here's a short summary that can be added to:\n1.  Deserts\n2.  Mountains\n3.  Valleys\n4.  Savannas\n5.  Islands\n6.  Atolls\n7.  Hills\n8.  Caverns\n9.  Outcrops\n10. Glaciers
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Global warming is definately a huge issue.  I don't think any countries are enacting on this issue currently
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Climate and Weather:\nhttp://www.gov.pe.ca/infopei/index.php3?number=856&lang=E\n\nAnything else can probably be found in the links below.
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1. Blizzard\n2. Flash flood\n3. Typhoon\n4. Funnel cloud\n5. Tornado\n6. Monsoon
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Science explains Global warming. More storms, bigger storms, carbin dioxide levels, soon crops may burn up before they grow, rain forest desease may spread, Gulf stream may stop, In Our Lifetime.\nIs a good read, go see... Times ARE changing.
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I have an MS in paleoclimatology, and I have to say that it is one of the most fascinating topics Ive ever delved into.  It's also amusing to see non-scientist's responses here and on other message boards!\n\nIf you wanted to ask a scientist, you would have to define what you mean when you say "ice age."  There are varying degrees of "ice ages."  For brevity sake, I will assume you mean the relatively cold periods that last approximately 100,000 years that have dominated global climate for the last 2 million years.  Contrary to popular belief, there are periods during the "ice ages" that are almost as warm as today.\n\nBased on paleoclimate evidence that suggest the ice ages have come and gone at least six times in the last 2 million years, the probability is that it will occur again.\n\nThe difficult and possibly dramatic question is: when?  Seeing as though the last "ice age" generally ended about 12,000 years ago (this is debatable, since there is no one date where everywhere across the globe it suddenly became warm), and the average interglacial is 10,000 years, we are overdue.\n\nConsider the widely accepted hypothesis that "global warming"--whether it be natural, human-induced, or a combination--can ultimately (Ill spare you the details) lead to an ice age.  Melting polar sea ice, indicator species dying off in the tropics, large disintigrations of ice shelves in the Antarctic, estimations that global sea level may rise 4 inches in the next 100 years, "wild" weather in many parts of the US...  are these all tell-tale signs that we have already begun down the road to the next glacial period?!?!?\n\nNew-ish data suggest that past climates have changed rapidly--like someone else mentioned either in this thread or another similar one--several degrees Celsius in a matter of decades or less!  The great ice sheets that once reached as far south as Long Island and Iowa wont reappear for tens of thousands of years, but it could get chilly across much of the country real quick!  And possibly as soon as 2020!
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No one knows. Earth has gone through many climatic cycles. We could be headed for another ice age.
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Global warming is associated with sun spots. So if the sun spots disappear we will probably have a period of global cooling but maybe not an ice age. The last period of global cooling was around the year 1650 AD.  That period is called the "Maunder Minimum".
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One of the most hotly debated topics on Earth is the issue of climate change, and the National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS) data centers are central to answering some of the most pressing global change questions that remain unresolved. The National Climatic Data Center contains the instrumental records that can precisely define the nature of climatic fluctuations at time scales of a up to a century. Among the diverse kinds of data platforms whose data contribute to NCDC's armamentarium are: Ships, buoys, weather stations, balloons, satellites, and aircraft. The National Oceanographic Data Center contains the subsurface data which reveal the ways that heat is distributed and redistributed over the planet. Knowing how these systems are changing and how they have changed in the past is crucial to understanding how they will change in the future. And, for climate information that extends from hundreds to thousands of years, the paleoclimatology program, also at the National Climatic Data Center, helps to provide longer term perspectives.\n\nThe greenhouse effect is unquestionably real and helps to regulate the temperature of our planet. It is essential for life on Earth and is one of Earth's natural processes. It is the result of heat absorption by certain gases in the atmosphere (called greenhouse gases because they effectively 'trap' heat in the lower atmosphere) and re-radiation downward of some of that heat. Water vapor is the most abundant greenhouse gas, followed by carbon dioxide and other trace gases. Without a natural greenhouse effect, the temperature of the Earth would be about zero degrees F (-18°C) instead of its present 57°F (14°C). So, the concern is not with the fact that we have a greenhouse effect, but whether human activities are leading to an enhancement of the greenhouse effect. \nHuman activity has been increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (mostly carbon dioxide from combustion of coal, oil, and gas; plus a few other trace gases). There is no scientific debate on this point. Pre-industrial levels of carbon dioxide (prior to the start of the Industrial Revolution) were about 280 parts per million by volume (ppmv), and current levels are about 370 ppmv. The concentration of CO2 in our atmosphere today, has not been exceeded in the last 420,000 years, and likely not in the last 20 million years. According to the IPCC Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES), by the end of the 21st century, we could expect to see carbon dioxide concentrations of anywhere from 490 to 1260 ppm (75-350% above the pre-industrial concentration).\n\nYes. Global surface temperatures have increased about 0.6°C (plus or minus 0.2°C) since the late-19th century, and about 0.4°F (0.2 to 0.3°C) over the past 25 years (the period with the most credible data). The warming has not been globally uniform. Some areas (including parts of the southeastern U.S.) have, in fact, cooled over the last century. The recent warmth has been greatest over North America and Eurasia between 40 and 70°N. Warming, assisted by the record El Niño of 1997-1998, has continued right up to the present, with 2001 being the second warmest year on record after 1998.\nLinear trends can vary greatly depending on the period over which they are computed. Temperature trends in the lower troposphere (between about 2,500 and 26,000 ft.) from 1979 to the present, the period for which Satellite Microwave Sounding Unit data exist, are small and may be unrepresentative of longer term trends and trends closer to the surface. Furthermore, there are small unresolved differences between radiosonde and satellite observations of tropospheric temperatures, though both data sources show slight warming trends. If one calculates trends beginning with the commencement of radiosonde data in the 1950s, there is a slight greater warming in the record due to increases in the 1970s. There are statistical an
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Actually, present modeling of the carbon cycle indicates that there is an imbalance in the cycle. We are missing over 2 billion tons of carbon each year that we cannot account for. This carbon is being absorbed by some part of the planet that we have not been able to identify. \n\nI quote:"Given this analysis we find that there is an imbalance -- we need an additional "sink" of -2.2  (3 - 5.2) x1015 g C to balance the global C budget.  In other words, we are "missing" over 2 billion tons of C each year; this shows how incomplete our understanding of the global carbon cycle is at present.  Although it is possible that this missing sink could be found in any of the major pools of carbon on earth, it is most likely that the pools with a shorter residence time such as vegetation, soils or the ocean (compared to rocks) are most important.  Recent models indicate that terrestrial ecosystems are the most likely repository of this carbon."\n\n From :http://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/kling/carbon_cycle/carbon_cycle_new.html\n\nThis inablity to balance the carbon cycle using our present understanding of carbon inputs and carbon sinks shows how poorly we understand the global carbon cycle. What this means, is that based on our understanding of the carbon man is putting into the atmosphere, we should actually have MUCH more carbon in the atmosphere. We can't account for it all, and this is one reason global warming due to carbon dioxide is still a controversial idea.
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The list can go on and on, but as the previous poster mentioned, they are virtually all associated with low pressure areas at some level (surface &/or aloft).\n\nA few examples are:\n\nOrdinary (synoptic scale) Lows\nNor'easters\nAlberta clippers\nColorado Lows\nInverted trofs\nInland runners (in from the Atlantic coast)\nCoastal Lows\nHurricanes\nTropical cyclones\nMesoscale convective systems\nShortwave trofs (aloft)\n\nSome meteorologists take great pride in naming them or knowing the names - which is not really the important thing, though it can help a person understand them and thus predict them better.
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Koppen's Climate Classifications\n\nAf= Iquitos ( Peru )\nAw= Madaras ( India )\nAm=  \nBSh= Tombouctou ( Mali ) \nBWh= In Salah ( Algeria )\nBWk=  Urumqi ( China )\nBSk= Semey ( Kazakhstan)\nCfa, Cwa= Sydny ( Astralia )\nCfb, Cfc=\nCsa, Csb=\nDfa, Dfb, Dwa, Dwb=\nDfc, Dfd, Dwc, Dwd=\nET= Canada\nEF=\n\ni gota go so you finish it ;)\ngona be easy :)
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"There are basically four elements of weather that can help describe weather. The four elements include  wind, temperature, air pressure and moisture." (From the ref.) These may seem an arbitrary choice until you realize that they are all easily measurable and independent of each other, whereas dew point and cloud cover can be said to derive from humidity, temperature and pressure.
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Global warming\nFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia that anyone can edit\nJump to: navigation, search\n \nGlobal mean surface temperatures 1856 to 2004 \nMean temperature anomalies during the period 1995 to 2004 with respect to the average temperatures from 1940 to 1980Global warming is an increase in the average temperature of the Earth's atmosphere and oceans. The term is also used for the more specific scientific theory of anthropogenic global warming, which states that much of the recent observed (and projected) global warming is human-induced and the result of a strengthened greenhouse effect caused by man-made increases in carbon dioxide (through the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation) and other greenhouse gases. The natural greenhouse effect keeps the Earth 30 °C warmer than it otherwise would be; adding carbon dioxide to an atmosphere, with no other changes, will make a planet's surface warmer. Current research tries to uncover more details, e.g. about positive and negative feedback mechanisms, to allow a more precise quantification of the effects of global warming.\n\nTemperature change is just one aspect of the broader subject of (human-induced) climate change. The scientific opinion on climate change, as expressed by the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and explicitly endorsed by the national science academies of the G8 nations, is that the average global temperature has risen 0.6 ± 0.2 °C since the late 19th century, and that "most of the warming observed over the last 50 years is attributable to human activities". A small minority of qualified scientists contest the view that humanity's actions have played a significant role in increasing recent temperatures. Uncertainties do exist regarding how much climate change should be expected in the future, and a hotly contested political and public debate exists over what actions, if any, should be taken in light of global warming.\n\nBased on basic science, observational sensitivity studies, and the climate models referenced by the IPCC, temperatures may increase by 1.4 to 5.8 °C between 1990 and 2100 [1]. This is expected to result in other climate changes including rises in sea level and changes in the amount and pattern of precipitation. Such changes may increase extreme weather events such as floods, droughts, heat waves, and hurricanes, change agricultural yields, or contribute to biological extinctions. Although warming is expected to affect the frequency and magnitude of these events, it is very difficult to connect any particular event to global warming.
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Ice cores:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paleoclimatology
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Global warming\n\nhttp://www.worldviewofglobalwarming.org/\n\nhttp://climatecrisis.org/\n\nhttp://www.globalwarming.org/\n\nhttp://www.davidsuzuki.org/\n\nhttp://www.ucsusa.org/global_warming/\n\nhttp://www.climatehotmap.org/\n\nWEBSITES ON WEATHER AND CLIMATE FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS\n\nhttp://www.cumbavac.org/weather.htm\n\nGood luck.\n\nKevin, Liverpool, England.