"Translation” is the decoding of mRNA into a polypeptide chain...?
359324
the decoding of mRNA is called a translation because it is altered in some way (a change) another way of saying change, scientifically, is a translation.    just a fancy word..
1169213
codons  are molecules  that are part of messenger  rna  that represent a part of a protein to be synthesized.\nthe anticodon is part of the ribosome  that fits with the codon like 2 pieces of a jigsaw puzzle would fit and it will result in the attachement of a particular amino acid\nthus fro attaching different amino acid sequences different proeins are made for different dna sequences.
687381
"A ribosome is an organelle composed of RNA and ribosomal proteins (known as a Ribonucleoprotein or RNP). It translates mRNA into a polypeptide chain (e.g., a protein)."\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome
870441
During translation, mRNA previously transcribed from DNA is decoded by specialized cellular structures called ribosomes to make proteins. Protein biosynthesis is divided into initiation, elongation and termination phases.\n\nThe ribosome has sites, which allow another specialized RNA molecule, known as tRNA, to bind to the mRNA. Binding of the correct tRNA to the mRNA on the ribosome is accomplished by an "anticodon" that is part of the tRNA. Thus, the correct tRNA, chemically linked to a specific amino acid, is directed to the ribosome to be added to a growing (nascent) polypeptide. The chemical process of connecting two amino acids is shown in the picture below.\n \nThe chemical process of connecting two amino acids resulting in a dipeptide and a water molecule\nAs the ribosome travels down the mRNA one codon at a time, another tRNA is attached to the mRNA at one of the ribosome sites. The first tRNA is released, but the amino acid that is attached to the first tRNA is now moved to the second tRNA, and binds to its amino acid. This translocation continues on, and a long chain of amino acid (protein), is formed.\n\nWhen the entire unit reaches the stop codon on the mRNA, it falls apart and a newly formed protein is released. This is termination. It is important to know that during this process, many enzymes are used to either assist or facilitate the whole procedure.
124359
Protein synthesis implies the production of protein inside the cell. To take it simple the order for the protein is placed on the need of the cell to which the nucleus responds by making a rough draft of its orginal recipe(DNA code) into a temporary dispensible code (mRNA) which is decoded by the cook(Ribosomes) to produce the protein.
198401
ummm... let's see.... the transcription of RNA means that it is it's encoding, or if you want to call it, program. It is the set of chemical codes used for producing DNA. Translation, on the other hand, I am not still not quite sure of. I believe that it might be the refined form of RNA, like trying to create a vaccine for somthing. I hope this helps!
1145562
http://www.fhcrc.org/science/shared_resources/proteomics/peptide_synthesis/basics/spps.html\nTry this one. I hope it helps
479736
This is more of an issue in eukaryotes where there is a lag time between DNA transcriptino and mRNA translation.  One reason that mRNA doesn't hang around in the cell is that it serves no purpose for the cell...mRNA is pretty much useless until it is translated.  Also, mRNA that is about to be translated is modified with a 5' cap and a 3' poly-A tail.  If the mRNA doesn't get to the ribosome (and therefore doesn't undergo these modifications) it is highly susceptible to 5'-3' exonucleases and some endonucleases (depending on the organism).
1082461
It's actually very simple.  Just know what the letters before "RNA" code for.  tRNA (transfer RNA) transfers correct amino acids to a growing polypeptide chain.  snRNA (small nucleolar RNA) guide chemical modifications of rRnA's.  mRNA (messenger RNA), as the name implies, encodes and "carries" information from DNA during transcription to whatever sites are undergoing protein synthesis. rRNA basically makes the proteins.  Sorry, that's the shortest I could make it.  It's a rather difficult topic.
386012
Your question could have many different answers:\n\n1. RNA is better suited for a translation step because it is single stranded.\n2. DNA is a better information storage molecule because it is double stranded, and less easily hydrolyzed in physiological conditions.  \n3. RNA is great for regulating the degree of protein synthesis because it is easily hydrolyzed.  This means that it will degrade after a short period.  If it doesn't degrade, then whatever protein it encodes will be forever synthesized and that's bad.\n4. RNA can be made in multiple copies so that lots and lots of protein can be synthesized if necessary.  \n5. DNA is in the nucelus, and if proteins were directly translated from DNA, then they would have to be transported out.  (An energetically expensive process).\n6. The current "RNA-world hypothesis" suggests that life began with RNA.  RNA is great because it can be used for information storage and catalysis, but as mentioned, it degrades easily.  Thus, DNA came into the picture.  But, RNA still exists as a messenger molecule.  (RNA does a lot of other things in the cell too)\n\nThere are more possible answers, but in essence, transcription and translation are separate steps because DNA and RNA are better at different things.  DNA is good at storage, but it is difficult to regulate the degree of protein synthesis with only DNA (it can be done though).  Another way to look at it is that DNA is a guide book, but RNA is necessary to actually do the job.
503387
first of all proteins  are  synthesized by the  combination of many things on the  ribosomes in the  cytoplasm not  in the  DNA\nit is  a very complicated process but here is  a simplification of it:\nA)translation---->\n1-DNA double strand opens up by a  certain specific molicule (like  unzipping the DNA) this is  controled by an initiator and inhibitor and so many other molecules due to the dec or inc of certain specific molecule in the cells\n2-RNA single strand is formed over one of the double strand DNA (G-C A-T or U) ending up in what we call messenger-RNA this mRNA separates from the original DNA strand by a very complicated process involving so many  chemical  molecules  and  leaves the nuclease through pores in the nuclear membrane\nB)transcription--->\n1-the mRNA reaches to ribosomes either on the Endoplasmic reticular systems outer surface or free in the cytoplasm(ribosomes are composed of two protein subunits one big  and one small) the mRNA incers inside between  the two parts of ribosomes \n2- ribosomes start reading the mRNA as Codones (triple sequences) like ACG-AUC-CUA-AAA\n3- for each codon sequence there is  a specific molecule in the cytoplasm that called transcription-RNA which attaches one codon from one specific codon from one side and one specific amino acid from the other side \n4-so at this stage we find  a sandich of aminoacids on top tRNA in the middle and mRNA on the other side\n5- finally these amino acids will all connected togather and separat from the ribosome and the sandwich \nNOTE: so actually every single codon has a single part of tRNA that will specificly attach to it and attach  a specific amino acid from the other  end and thats what they meant by discovering the human genome (knowing each  codon goes with what  part of tRNA and each part of tRNA goes with what amino acid\nC)modification---->\n1-now the protein is a  simple sequence of amino acids with no 3 dimentional structure \n2-modification is  a whole  very  complicated process that cant be writen in here but it involves golgi aparatus smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic reticulum\nFINITO
844734
mRNA transcripts carry the genetic information of specific genes to the ribosomes where they are translated into polypeptide sequences which later become proteins.
100527
In simple terms it is function. A protein is a polypeptide, but it is a polypeptide that does something. It has a purpose.\n\nYou can of course also have polypeptides that are just junk. They don’t do anything. Chemically they belong to the same class as proteins but they lack a function.\n\nJazzSinger said  “A polypeptide is a protein in the making”. That isn’t true, In fact most polypeptides are exactly the opposite: they are proteins in the process of being destroyed.  Food is loaded with non-protein polypeptides, not because proteins are being made in food but because the cooking process destroys proteins.
502313
Dna undergoes replication first at that time the dna gets translated into protien
289641
Yes.  DNA is transcribed into RNA, and RNA is translated into proteins.  \n\nI always kept that straight by thinking of transcription as like taking notes when someone is talking (same language) and translation as translating those notes into another language.  Going from DNA to RNA you're going to use the same building blocks (bases - purines and pyrimidines)or the same "language", but going from RNA to proteins requires going from one building block to another (bases to amino acids), or a different language.
7120
DNA is a substance just like RNA and protein are. In a cell's nucleus DNA is "transcribed" into RNA (another substance), RNA (not DNA) is then "translated" into protein.
277107
Codon is a unit in messenger RNA consisting of a set of three consecutive nucleotides, which specifies a particular amino acid in protein synthesis. They are also called triplet.