Compare Sypathetic and Parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system with the following in mind?
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Sympathetic:\n\nDivision: Preganglionic neurons in spinal cord\n\nAutonomic outflow from the thoracic and high lumbar segments of the spinal cord\n\nGenerally excitatory in action\n\nHeart: increases rate\nAdrenal glands: stimulates secretion\nLiver: increases glucose output\n\nParasympathetic:\n\nDivision: Fibers leave through cranial nerves and sacral segments of spinal cord \n\nAutonomic outflow from the cranial nerves, low lumbar and sacral spinal cord\n\nGenerally inhibitory in action\n\nBronchi: causes constriction\nSalivary glands: increases secretion\nHeart: decreases rate\n\n\nI don't quite know what you mean by receptors and subdivisions, however. The ANS controls most involuntary organs in the body, and any organ that is controlled by the ANS must have receptors for it to act upon. Is the reference to epinepherine and norepinepherine receptors, or something else?
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Spinal cord\nPeripheral nerves\n\nThere are many peripheral nerves, and many subdivisions in the brain, too. Too many to list, since they cover every inch of your body and every organ system as well.
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Anatomy\nBiochemistry\nPathology\nPharmacology\nPhysiology\nOrganic Chemistry\nBasic Biology\nPhysics
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Generally, the Sympathetic pathways of the Autonomic Nervous System are sympathetic to the body's needs at times of 'stress'.\nSo for example, the increase in carbon dioxide levels as exercise begins is the stimulus to ...
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the nervous system is in the form of our five senses: touch/pain, vision, taste, smell, and hearing. Pain, temperature, and pressure are known as somatic senses. Sensory receptors are classified according to the type of energy they can detect and respond to.  \n\nMechanoreceptors: hearing and balance, stretching.  \nPhotoreceptors: light.  \nChemoreceptors: smell and taste mainly, as well as internal sensors in the digestive and circulatory systems.  \nThermoreceptors: changes in temperature.  \nElectroreceptors: detect electrical currents in the surrounding environment.  \n  I have a cite that has an abundance of information for you on this subject..hope this helps
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Mainly the PNS or the Peripheral Nervous System, but that is also connected to the nervous motor system.
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There are a lot of physical and psychological reactions that could be called reflexes.  Can you narrow down the question a little?
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Vasculature is regulated by your autonomic nervous system if that is what you mean.  Theres a lot more to the parsympathetic, sympathetic stuff and it would take awhile to explain without you asking about a specific part of it.
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The parasympathetic nervous system is antagonistic to the sympathetic nervous system. It's not that one tries to be active all the time, they work together and one is more active than the other in certain types of situations. \n\nThe parasympathetic system does the following:\n\nHeart - slows it down\npupils - constricts them\nlungs - constricts airways\nstomach - stimulates digestion\nintestines - dilates blood vesssels so that more blood can go to the intestines\nbladder - stimulates it\ngenitals - stimulates erection
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Try reading the book: Mobilisation of the Nervous System by David S. Butler, Mark A. Jones
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Sorry, the perception would be the same. The only way it would be changed or different would be if neurotaxia was involved and a secondary branch pathway would be utilized (i.e. a motor nerve taking over for a sensory nerve), the effect would only be temporary and the brain would normalize to that signal, making it essentially the same again. The end chemical reaction will never change though, so perception will be the same.
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Autonomic nervous system
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Depends on how severely you severed it.  If it was totally cut at the C7/T1 (there is no C8 in most mammals) you would probably cut off ennervation and autonomic control of the heart and lungs, which would, in general, be very bad.
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Nervous system damage and organ failure.
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If you're talking about the second messenger systems, I think they are the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway, inositol 3-phosphate (IP3) pathway, and the Ca2+ pathway.
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A. behaviorism\n\nC. wavelenght\n\nD. biological\n\nC. retinal\n\nD clinical\n\nA. ductless\n\nNow, who ever you are, be so good as to go back to the psychology section.
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http://www.thedoctorslounge.net/studlounge/mnemonics/anatomy.htm\nWarning: many of the mneumonics are dirty, dirty, dirty!\nWith physiology it's helpful to compare/contrast systems such as parasympathetic versus sympathetic or adrenergic or muscarinic receptors, etc...