Which is the fundamental particle from which the atom is made? How was that created?
360137
the simplistic answer involves the electrons, protons and neutrons. the more complex answer contains up quarks, down quarks- which are the building blocks of protons and neutrons. \nThen if we think about it we have also got anti-matter, which is involved in bonding and so forth, and so must be around somewhere. positrons, anti-bonding orbitals, etc.
145662
They think that protons and neutrons are made of quarks.  No one is sure what a quark is made of, however.  When we break apart a proton or neutron in the lab, we can see the effects of quarks, but not the quarks themselves.  So far, the best ideas regarding what quarks are made of are contained in the 'Superstring' theory, but we have a lot of experimenting to do so see how superstrings work.
755082
Democritus, a Greek philosopher from around 400 BCE, gets the credit for coming up with the idea that matter is made of fundamental, indivisible particles, or atoms.  The other side argued that there was no such thing as an atom, and that matter was made of nebulous nonspecific "stuff".
499389
According to the standard model (which has proven correct MANY times) atoms are made up of neutrons and protons and are circled by electrons in their basic form. Neutrons and protons are both baryons (which are types of hadrons) and are composed of quarks. Quarks are fundamental particles (not composite) just like the electron. They are known as point particles as well.\n\nTheories are that these point particles are in fact strings (string theory) oscillating at different frequencies etc, but that is still disputed.
1026932
Atoms are in turn made of electrons, neutrons and protons, magnetism holds them together:  Electrons carry a positive charge, protons have a negative charge, and neutrons are...neutral.  Electrons orbit protons and neutrons the way Earth orbits the sun.  The theory expands to quarks, and even smaller unit.  Read up on it!\n\nOrigin so far is explained in the Big Bang theory. \n\nScience doesn't have all the answers yet, but thats why people become scientists, so many fascinating mysteries to figure out.
300178
Rutherford shot alpha particles at a think sheet of gold foil.  Since alpha particles have a positive charge (like the soon to be discovered nucleus of an atom), when the alpha particles got close to the atom's nucleus, they were repulsed away, many however just passed through, undeflected.\nThe results of this experiment showed that the majority of the atom's mass lay in a very small, dense, positively charged core of the atom, surrounded by mostly empty space and electrons.\n\nThis lead to a new model of the atom, the Rutherford model.
107322
Quarks are the basic building blocks of some other sub-atomic particles, like the proton. Quarks, unlike other particles, can not be divided.\n\nQuarks are best on crackers with just a dab of peanut butter.
990811
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental physical theory which extends and corrects Newtonian mechanics, especially at the atomic and subatomic levels. It is the underlying framework of many fields of physics and chemistry, including condensed matter physics, quantum chemistry, and particle physics. The term quantum (Latin, "how much") refers to the discrete units that the theory assigns to certain physical quantities, such as the energy of an atom at rest.
91400
The ancient Greeks thought of the idea of the atom - 5th century B.C. (about 2600 years ago), but they did not have the tools to test their theories this far back in time.\n\nBy the 19th century (the 1800's) technology had advanced greatly and many elements (group of similar atoms) had been discovered. Using the available elements scientist such as John Dalton and Amedeo Avogadro forced them to interact with one another. From these interactions they were able to prove the existence of the atom.\n\nTowards the end of the 19th century J.J. Thomson discovered that the atom was made up of smaller particles. Through experiments with the gas neon, Thomson discovered a negatively charged particle with a mass much smaller than the atom. This particle is known as the electron and is one of the constituent particles of the atom.\n\nAtoms are typically neutral (they do not have a charge). So when the electron (a negative particle) was discovered, scientist reasoned that there must be a positive charge somewhere in the atom to offset the negative charge. Electrons are also very light compared to the mass of an atom. Therefore, the missing positive particle had to be heavy to account for the missing mass of the atom.\n\nIn 1911 the scientist Ernest Rutherford found the missing particle.
453117
How can you have something if nothings there? Atoms are made up or protons, neutrons, and quarks which are the basic building blocks of matter. Well at least until someone discovers there made up of something else lol!
37199
a molecule is a group of atoms, or, in some cases, a single atom.  an atom is made of protons, electrons, and neutrons.\n\na cell is the most basic unit of life.
94713
As far as we know, quarks are elementary particles (meaning they are not made up of anything else).\n\nQuarks were formed at the beginning of the universe, but new ones are also formed all the time.  \n\nIn high-energy collisions quarks can be created.  At Fermilab, protons are collided with anti-protons each with about 1000 GeV of energy, and hundreds of quarks can be created in each collision.  A radiated gluon, for example, can hadronize into many particles made of quarks.
64677
Hmm, I don't like that previous answer.  There is a certain amount of energy holding together an atom, say uranium 235.  When bombarded with neutrons, the atom breaks apart into 2 different atoms and releases energy.  No energy is created or destroyed, as it only changes the form.
986236
No new matter is created by nuclear processes.\nIn fact matter is destroyed thus realising energy.\nIn the process of Fission heavy atoms are split into two or more light atoms and energy. In this case also no new matter is formed. The weight of new atoms is always less than the weight of the original heavy atom.\nIn the process of Fusion two light atoms join to form one heavy atom. In this case also energy is produced at the expense of weight of matter.
789494
Basic Atomic Structure\n\nThe definitions of atoms and elements seems, at first glance, almost circular: an element is a substance made up of only one kind of atom, and an atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains all the chemical and physical properties of the element. In fact, these two definitions do not form a closed loop, as they would if it were stated that an element is something made up of atoms. Every item of matter that exists, except for the subatomic particles discussed in this essay, is made up of atoms. An element, on the other hand, is—as stated in its definition—made up of only one kind of atom. "Kind of atom" in this context refers to the number of protons in its nucleus.\n\nProtons are one of three basic subatomic particles, the other two being electrons and neutrons. As we shall see, there appear to be particles even smaller than these, but before approaching these "sub-subatomic" particles, it is necessary to address the three most significant components of an atom. These are distinguished from one another in terms of electric charge: protons are positively charged, electrons are negative in charge, and neutrons have no electrical charge. As with the north and south poles of magnets, positive and negative charges attract one another, whereas like charges repel. Atoms have no net charge, meaning that the protons and electrons cancel out one another.
278891
The concepts that we cling to suggest that protons and electrons are particles that occupy a finite POINT in space. The truth is that this is a good picture to use to fit the kind of world we see outside the atom. But in fact we only know that the effects of electrons appear to come from one location, and that location (of the effects) seems to change with time. Therefore we say the particle (electron) moved.\n\n Regarding the nucleus and the protons and neutrons, it is difficult to picture stationary objects packed so closely together, particularly since the protons are repulsive to each other and since strange events periodically erupt from within most of them - sort of analogous to groups of people from opposing schools required to mingle at a party, but never allowed to group together with their friends. Occasionally a fight breaks out and someboby is pitched out the side door or window. Again at the site we identify with the particle, all we know is that there are electric and magnetic field characteristics emanating from the "site" where we say the particle resides. If the essence of the fields move, we say the particle moved.\n\nSo what is an electron? All we know is that there is an electric and magnetic field disturbance together with a phenomenon we call mass (gravitational emanations), that changes in location with time. That there is a central location for the emanations allows us to specify a spatial position for the particle.
530845
To break up an atom, you have to add a significant amount of energy to it.  You can do this by bombarding it with sub atomic particles.  In an atomic reaction, neutrons drive the process.  Particle accelerators do this in research physics.