what is the difference b/w ATM based Network and TCP based network.?
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ATM is a complex technology. There are tons of standards covering various aspects of ATM [2]. One can imagine that the complexity is pretty much due to the nature of ATM of trying to be one-solution-fits-all, technology from LAN to WAN, for all data types. The connection-orientation also largely contributes to the overall complexity, because it requires the existence of specific signalling and routing protocols. The complexity is driven by the powerful capabilites in ATM, but not all need them.\nWhile there are many standards, some parts of the technology had to wait standardation for a long time, and this slowed down the adoption of the technology. The PNNI-interface was not standarded until 1996, and being a major interface between public ATM networks, the interoperability between public networks was not possible. Interoperability is still an issue.\n\nIn contrast, the beauty of Ethernet is its simplicity. Only a few standards cover the whole technology. The technology is easy to understand and deploy. This is the primary reason for the popularity and wide adoption of Ethernet.\n\nA great benefit for ATM is that it is independent of the underlying transport mechanism. ATM does not define Media Access Control (MAC) mechanism (lower part of datalink layer, the other being LLC) or the physical layer, whereas Ethernet does define these. As a consequence, ATM can run on top of different transport mechanisms and can adapt to new transport technologies and greater speeds. Without physical independency, the final goal of ATM running everywhere would simply be impossible.\n\nThe original Ethernet technology has been available since 1976 [14]. ATM technology has been utilized since 1994, USA and Finland being the first countries [12]. By looking at these years, we can say that Ethernet technology is more mature than ATM. However, the comparison nowadays is done between Gigabit Ethernet and ATM, and Gigabit Ethernet is surely less mature of these two. Gigabit Ethernet Alliance was formed in 1996 to develop and standardize the technology. On the other hand, the standardization has been speedier for Ethernet, and people speaking for Gigabit Ethernet say that building on the original well-proven principles, Gigabit Ethernet should pose little technical problems.\n\nOnly a few applications have been developed for ATM. In addition of lacking native applications taking true advantage of ATM, there are few experts on ATM in the field. \n\nBandwidth\nATM offered massive bandwidth at the time it was introduced. Speeds of 155 Mbps and awesome 622 Mbps attracted people to ATM. It was seen that once the need for greater bandwidths arises, Ethernet LANs get replaced with ATM networks. The speed of 25 Mbps was proposed as the bandwidth to the desktop, but in practise is was not worth going from 10 Mbps Ethernet to 25 Mbps ATM, mostly for economical reasons.\nAfter two upgrades, Ethernet fights back. ATM can no longer compete in pure speed. The routing and switching technology has improved and ATM alone can't take advantage of simple and fast hardware switching. The new gigabit speeds put burden on the back-end servers, and the server processing speed is becoming the bottleneck rather than the network.\n\nAn important point to make is that the actual bandwidth for the payload is always smaller than the full transmission speed of the medium. This is because the protocols and their headers eat up some of the total bandwidth, and there usually exists a couple layers of protocols. \n\n Scalability\nOne important benefit of ATM is that ATM can be used as both LAN and WAN technologies. The original idea of ATM was the concept of spanning over LAN/MAN/WAN, and utilizing the same protocol over the entire network, eliminating the requirement for routers and gateways. This vision has not materialized. Instead, of these, the WAN has proven to be ATM's strong suit. "Despite the talk about Gigabit Ethernet displacing it, ATM continues to be a great f
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Probably they each have many connections, almost certainly all fiber.   OC-48, OC-192 are likely.  Those are roughly 2.5 and 9.6 gigabits per second, respectively.
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I assume you don't actually want a technical explanation of how they actually work, right (I couldn't tell you if you did, I'm afraid) But what I can tell you is:\n\n1) A switch is a device that sits at the middle of a small network of computers, it allows any one computer attached to the switch to commnicate with any other\n\n2) A hub is like a switch, only cheaper and worse (in a hub only two computers can be communicating at any given time, whereas in a switch many compuetrs can talk simultaneously)\n\n3) A router is a switch that has extra hardware in it that allows it to be connected directly to the internet as a Gateway, so any computer connected to it can access the internet.\n\nIf you have a switch, then you need to get one computer to be the gateway, it connects to the internet, and the other computer connects to it via teh switch. Essentially one of the computers is acting like a router. If you have Windows this is a fairly simple thing to set up, you don't even need extra software. (Send me a mail via my profile if you want detailed info, since I really don't want to go thorugh step by step instructions when for all I know you're using Linux or something)\n\nIf you have a router, it's much easier. Make sure the router can connect to the internet connection type you've got (i.e. You may need a different type of router for an ADSL connection than for a Cable connection), then you connect both computers to the router, connect the router to the internet, and that's pretty much it, apart form actually configuring the router...
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One of the sites below is a site created for the (slighty dated, but still relevant) book, "Windows Sockets Network Programming".  The site has reference material, external links to information and RFCs and even source code for sample sockets applications using Winsock 2.\n\nAlso, there are a few links below to different Winsock tutorials that you may find useful.  It is usually good to check out several tutorials, as some of them may contain little tidbits or words of advice that others may not have.
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VPI = Virtual Path Identifier Valid range: 0-32\nVCI = Virtual Circuit Identifier Valid Range: 0-65536\n\nThese two together define an ATM connection from your modem to the central office that provides DSL or other ATM based services. The service provider would have provisioned an ATM channel with a certain VPI and VCI which will be included in the ATM header of each packet that you send or receive to let the central office know that it is from or intended for your modem.
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ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is one step closer to broadband. It has a switched telephone network that is designed to support data and voice unlike Dial up networking that goes over a network that is designed solely for voice transmission.\n\nTech Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISDN\n                http://techyturn.blogspot.com
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A layer 3 switch will switch packets faster than a traditional router because the packet switching is done in hardware as opposed to being done in software.  \n\nThat said, if you have these servers all on the same network/subnet, you don't need either one.  Just a fast layer 2 switch.  \n\nBut if you are going to have to jump between networks/subnetworks where a router would normally be required, a layer 3 switch (a fast one) is the way to go.
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The same way you transfer any kind of UDP packets; dial-up makes no difference.  Usually users are not concerned with the underlying transport mechanisms, TCP or UDP.  UDP packets may be transferred programatically using standard methods.\n\nWhat are you trying to accomplish?
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ip - internet protocol\n\nThis is a series of numbers, separated by periods.  For a local area network, the typical sequence is  192.168.0.1\n\nport - TCP/IP consists of many ports for communication.  One port for e-mail, another for webpages, another for FTP, another for VOIP.  another for VPN.   Use the default setting.  There are thousands of ports.  In most routers, only the important ports are open.  To use VPN, you have to open those ports.
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James did a good job, give him the points.  I would only add that a wired network does not have to be ethernet.  There are still a few token-ring networks around.  The principle is the same.\nFor an ethernet system, each computer must have an ethernet network interface card (NIC) and these must be connected by a cable (such as a category-5 or 5e cable which has 4 pairs of wires).  Wired networks usually operate at 100Mbps.\nA wireless network, on the other hand, uses a wireless access point, router or gateway on one computer (or on the server) and all of the other computers (or notebook computers) need a wireless network adaptor to connect by using radio waves.\nThe difference between connections is that an access point allows the computers to share files and devices like printers only.  A router does this, but also connects to a modem (usually a high speed cable or DSL modem) giving internet access to the network, while a gateway contains router and modem in one device.  Wireless networks usually have a transfer rate of about 54 Mbps.
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Asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is a high-performance, cell-oriented switching and multiplexing technology that utilizes fixed-length packets to carry different types of traffic
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WAN- Wide Area Network.\n\nActually, ur system/server should have been installed with apllications which is specific to access wireless network(Eg. ACTIVE CARD or PAL..) . And theer will be a wireless network configured for a particular bandwidth which you can access.
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TCP/IP is more efficient and will be faster than IPX/SPX/NetBIOS, but that might not be what you should be looking at first.\n\nDo you have the dual ports configured as a team, and if so, what type of team?  Are you using a switch or a hub between the two servers and how is that configured?  What are the speeds you are getting? \n\nYou want to use link aggregation so the two ports act as one big port.  You best option is 802.3ad dynamic trunking, which your cards support.  The key is that your switch has to support this as well and it needs to be appropriately configured.
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http://lw.pennnet.com/Articles/Article_Display.cfm?Section=Archives&Subsection=Display&ARTICLE_ID=36136&KEYWORD=A-PON\n\nThat should explain it...\n\nSimply put, PON (Passive Optical Networking) using ATM protocol (Language) for transport over the fiber. ATM is not the only choices for PON..TDM also is available, the type that my company beta tested about 2-3 years ago.\n\nPON: Can be descibed as a single fiber branching (Tree config) out to multiple end points. The end devices can use diffrent wavelengths to achieve the Up and Down Path. After that, it is a just a typical network.
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In TCP/IP network stack it uses TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) for Connection Orient service. Ex: HTTP (port 80)\n\nFor connection less UDP(User Datagram Protocol) is used.
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The application layer of TCP/IP is the layer where applications gain access. There are many standards TCP/IP utilities and services at the Applications layer such as FTP, Telnet, SNMP and DNS. \nMicrosoft TCP/IP provides two interfaces for network applications. Windows sockets-standard application programming interface (API) under Microsoft Windows for transport protocols such as TCP/IP and IPX.
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MB/s is how many megabytes (each byte is 8 bits long) a device can transmit or receive per second. Generally, this unit is used when copying files or burning CDs, for example.\n\nMbits/s is how many megabits is sent or received per second by a device. Used when talking about network speeds at all.