What is a holding company?
373618
A holding company is a company that owns enough voting stock in another firm to control management and operations by influencing or electing its board of directors.\n\nStrictly speaking, the term "holding company" might be used to describe any company that owns a majority of shares in another company. Usually, though, the term signifies a company which does not produce goods or services itself, but, rather, whose only purpose is owning shares of other companies (or owning other companies outright). Holding companies allow the reduction of risk for the owners and can allow the ownership and control of a number of different companies.\n\nBerkshire Hathaway is one of the largest publicly traded holding companies; it owns numerous insurance companies, manufacturing businesses, retailers, and other companies. Another large holding company of note is UAL Corporation, a publicly traded holding company whose only purpose is to wholly own United Airlines.\n\nSometimes a company intended to be a pure holding company identifies itself as such by adding "Holdings" or "(Holdings)" to its name. This was spoofed by Terry Pratchett and Neil Gaiman in their book Good Omens with the fictional company Holdings (Holdings) Incorporated.
978592
Well... I woud like to help but I am utterly and completely confused. Is this in relation to Law? Or is it a personal hobby? Or both? Perhaps you could define what you mean by "lock company or co-op clauses"... Otherwise, it sounds like you need some proper legal advice.
442593
SPACs are publicly traded shell companies that have no business operations and exist as just a name until investors put money into the company.  The management team tries to spot and undervalued private company and then takes it public.\n\nThe second part of your question makes no sense without the rest of the context.
587998
`it's about listing of share companies. which gives the current situation about the share of a particular company.
397567
The capital of a joint stock limited company shall be divided into shares of equal value.\nThe shares of the company shall take the form of share certificates, which are vouchers issued by the company to certify the shares held by their shareholders.\nThe issue of shares shall be in compliance with the principles of publicity, fairness and justice. The same shares must carry the same rights and the same benefits.\nShares of the same issue shall be issued on the same conditions and at the same price. A unit or an individual subscribing to shares shall pay the same price for each share.\n Shares issued by a company to sponsors, a State-authorized investment institution or legal persons shall be registered shares which shall state the names of the sponsors, State-authorized investment institution or legal persons. Such shares may not be registered in other names, or names of their representatives.\n\n　　Shares issued to the general public may be either registered shares or bearer shares.\n\n　　Where registered shares are issued, the company shall prepare a roster of the shareholders, in which the following items shall be recorded:\n\n　　(1) the names or titles, and domiciles of the shareholders;\n\n　　(2) the number of shares held by each shareholder;\n\n　　(3) the serial numbers of the share certificates held by each shareholder; and\n\n　　(4) the date on which each shareholder obtained his shares.\n\n　　Where bearer shares are issued, the company shall keep a record of the number, the serial numbers and the issue date of the share certificates.
788852
Well what does the company sell?
758865
A partnership is a type of business entity in which partners share with each other the profits or losses of the business undertaking in which all have invested.\n\nIn most countries, a partnership is a nominate contract between individuals who, in a spirit of cooperation, agree to carry on an enterprise, contribute to it, by combining property, knowledge or activities and to share its profit. Partners may have a partnership agreement, or declaration of partnership and in some jurisdictions such agreements may be registered and available for public inspection. In many countries, a partnership is also considered to be a legal entity, although different legal systems reach different conclusions on this point.\n\nPartnerships are often favored over corporations for taxation purposes, as a partnership structure may eliminate the dividend tax levied upon profits realized by the owners of a corporation.\n\nThe most basic form of partnership is a general partnership, in which all partners manage the business and are personally liable for its debts. Two other forms which have developed in most countries are the limited partnership (LP), in which certain "limited partners" relinquish their ability to manage the business in exchange for limited liability for the partnership's debts, and the limited liability partnership (LLP), in which all partners have some degree of limited liability.
59228
It depends - what are they holding?
172948
It is a company that handles the transfer of real estate from one party to another.
724285
Usually when a company or corporate is going public (ie wants to raise capital for expansion),they issue the equity(shares) of the company in the form of an IPO(Initial public offering).\n\nNow they employ an Investment bank(IB) to raise the capital. This IB then does an analysis(red herring prospectus and all) and comes up with an evaluation. They also tell the corporate that they will buy the shares from the company and then sell it to the public.\n     This ensures that the company gets the money irrespective of the public buying of shares.The IB then at their discretion may sell it at a higher cost to the public depending on oversubscriptions. This is underwriting. Securities can be equity or fixed income like Bonds.
736328
I think that the only thing holding companies do is to own other companies.  They don't do any manufacturing or services themselves.\n\nMichael
233967
Limited Liability Company.  Means it has "members" instead of "partners".  A way to protect individuals as seperate from their business.  No stockholders, all members are owners.\n\nI work for an LLC and, at least in Minnesota, it is a Limited Liablity Company.  It is not incorporated.  It is like a partnership, but with more limited liability, hence the name!
762159
A share certificate is a piece of paper with your name on that confirms you own some shares.  Think of it as a receipt.  Share Certificates have almost totally disappeared now, records are kept electronically.\n\nI think you mean "scrip" not "script".  Some companies offer investors the chance to take additional stock instead of a cash dividend.  The stock that they issue to pay the dividend is referred to as Scrip.
639331
The first answer above hasn't really applied since the 1920s.  \n\nFirst of all, some terminology.  A "holding company" is just a company that holds other companies rather than engaging in business/operations itself.  An "operating company" is a company that itself engages in business/operations.  \n\nToday, reasons for using a holding company might include:\n\n1.  Liability management.  Operations with different risk profiles might be placed within different subsidiary corporations to shield the assets of each subsidiary from liabilities associated with the others.  For example, you might want an explosives manufacturing subsidiary (which could get hit with a big fat lawsuit) separate from a candle manufacturing subsidiary (with less risk of liability).  All of the subsidiaries would then be placed under a single corporate parent, which is the "holding company", so called because all it does is hold subsidiaries and has no real operations.\n\n2.  Governance arrangements.  There are many reasons why you might want the entity through which the public holds shares to be a holding company rather than an operating company.  Take the example of a bank chartered under some state's law (say, Illinois).  Illinois law might give bank shareholders all kinds of rights that are clumsy and unworkable, probably as a result of antiquated and ill-conceived state legislation.  Solution?  Have the sole shareholder of the bank just be a corporation chartered in, say, Delaware.  This takes care of the shareholder rights problems at the bank level because there is only one shareholder (the Delaware corp).  Then you can sell shares in the Delaware corporation to the public, and the voting and other governance rights of those shareholders are determined by Delaware corporate law rather than Illinois banking law.\n\n3.  Cross-border issues.  If a French company wants to do business in South Africa (or a UK company in New York, or whatever), the company can either go do business there directly or can form a subsidiary under local (South African) law to run its operations there.  For various reasons it is often preferable to form a local subsidiary.  For a big company with lots of international operatitons, you might just want a holding company at the top with local subsidiaries down below.\n\n4. Organization of business units.  It can be pretty convenient to organize a company's business units into separate corporations.  This facilitates segment accounting.  It can also make it nice and easy to sell a business unit down the road (just sell the shares of the subsidiary instead of worrying about transferring lots of small parts of the business).\n\nThere are lots of other reasons, but I'm done with this answer for now.
40409
Bonds: Companies or Governments' obligations to pay bondholders "something" (maybe, cash, property, etc.) at the date of maturity (plus interest every time period). If you have a bond of a company, you are a creditor of that company.\n\nStocks: Ownership in companies. If you have a stock, you are an owner of that company. There may be different classes of stocks. Stockholders of different classes are, because of different priorities, paid different dividends.\n\nEquities: mean more than stocks. Equities, in accounting sense, include retained earnings and other 'comprehensive income' items.
163126
A corporation is a business firm whose articles of incorporation have been approved or chartered by a state.  An incorporation is consolidating two or more corporations into one entity.
623698
a debenture is basically an unsecured bond. If a company raises money through debentures then the liabilities of the company are increased. There is no direct impact to the shareholders if it is a widely held public company. If the company was a partnership though and only two people held the stock, their basis in the company would actually increase by the amount of debt they've taken out. But that's more along the lines of a tax question.