i need to find theory about making handmade paper,please help me.?
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Study egypt.3,500 years ago they made paper and it is very ez.It is call papyrus. I just got back from there and I believe it was the first paper ever made. I just bought some when I was there. Email me and tell me if you fine what you are looking for.gardezdfac@yahoo.com They call me (Spoon)
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Paper, thin sheets of compressed vegetable cellulose fibers. Paper is used for writing and printing, for wrapping and packaging, and for a variety of special purposes ranging from the filtration of precipitates from solutions to the manufacture of certain types of building materials. Paper is a necessity in modern civilization, and the development of machinery for its high-speed production has been largely responsible for the increase in literacy and the raising of educational levels of people throughout the world.\n\n\nThe basic process of making paper has not changed in more than 2,000 years. It involves two stages: the breaking up of raw material in water to form a suspension of individual fibers and the formation of felted sheets by spreading this suspension on a suitable porous surface, through which excess water can drain.\n\nIn making paper by hand, the raw material—straw, leaves, bark, rags, or other fibrous material—is placed in a vat or trough and is pounded with a heavy pestle or hammer to separate the fibers. During the first portion of this operation, the material is washed with running water to remove impurities, but after the fibers have been sufficiently broken up, they are kept in suspension, and the water in the vat is not changed. At this stage the liquid material, called half stuff, is ready for the actual process of papermaking. The chief tool of the papermaker is the mold, a reinforced sheet of metal mesh having either a square mesh pattern, called a wove pattern, or a pattern of more widely spaced longitudinal wires held together with smaller transverse wires, called a laid pattern. The mold pattern imprints itself on the finished sheet of paper, and thus handmade papers that are not given special finishes are identified as wove or laid papers, depending on the style of mold that is used in their making.\n\nThe mold is placed inside a removable wooden frame called a deckle, which forms a low rim around its edge. The papermaker dips the mold and deckle into a vat containing the half stuff; when the mold and deckle are removed from the vat, the surface of the mold is coated with a thin film of fiber-water mixture. The device is then shaken forward and backward and from side to side. This shaking has two effects; it distributes the mixture evenly on the surface of the mold and causes the individual fibers to interlock with those adjacent, giving strength to the sheet. While the device is being shaken, much of the water from the mixture drains out through the mold mesh. The device, with its formed sheet of wet paper, is then laid aside until the paper is sufficiently cohesive to permit the removal of the deckle.\n\n\nAfter the deckle has been taken from the mold, the mold is turned over and the sheet of paper is laid smoothly on a sheet of woven woolen cloth, called a felt. Another felt is laid over the sheet of paper, and the process is repeated; the process of placing the paper between two felts is known as couching. When a number of sheets of paper have been interleaved with felts, the entire pile, called a post, is placed in a hydraulic press and subjected to a pressure of 100 or more tons, expelling most of the water remaining in the paper. The sheets of paper are then separated from the felts, stacked, and pressed. The process of pressing the stack of paper is repeated several times, and each time the stack is built up in a different order with the individual sheets in different positions relative to one another. This procedure is called exchanging, and its repetition improves the surface of the finished paper. The final stage in papermaking is drying. The paper is hung, in groups of four or five sheets, over ropes in a special drying room until its moisture has almost completely evaporated.\n\nPapers that are to be used for writing or printing with ink require additional treatment following drying, because without such treatment the paper would absorb ink and yield fuzzy lines or impressions. The
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You could easily (and cheaply?) demonstrate capillary action, the effect that draws ink up the split nib of an old fashioned pen or quill pen.  Suspend various strip samples of material from a rod over a pan filled with water and food coloring and see how far the liquid clims various materials (diferent natural and synthetic cloths of tight and loose weave and paper and wood, etc.  Make at least two samples of each material so that you can experiment at home and then set up the rig at school in the order you found to show the most to the least capillary action and explain why.  Study one or more websites for an explanation of the effect.  Good luck.
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try this :\n\nhttp://www.makezine.com/blog/archive/2005/06/
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I'd recommend Playdough (or similar clay material) as the basis.  You can make your own "dough" or buy some.  If you use different color Playdough, you can easily distinguish the parts of the cell.  And you can add paper flags glued to toothpicks to label the different parts (or make a color-coded legend).\n\nIf you find items that you want to have represent cell parts (e.g. threads = filaments, marbles = mitocondria, pipe cleaners = centrosome, etc.) you can just stick that into your clay model.  For things you can't find items for, just make them out of different colored clay. But I think clay as the basis for the cell model makes a lot of sense.
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Check out the information on ebay or amazon.  It will give you ideas.  Imitation is the mother of invention.
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Look on Ebay (they have everything), to get ideas and supplies. I did all my own and they came out super nice!
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I used to teach Sunday School, and It's GREAT to do a craft with them. I would look in a children's bible and pick out a good story and base the class on that story and what it teaches. Find a craft to do relating to it- even if it's just coloring. Read the kids the story and talk briefly about what it means, then explain the craft you guys are going to do and how it relates to the story you just read. Then you guys can all do the craft until the parents come pick them up!
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Try the site below. It generates random ideas to help you. It's quite fun ^_^ Check out the other links on there too, very helpful when you have writer's block.
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Here is a link that describes tangrams and has a section on how to make your own.  I think this will help you out.
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Try:\nhttp://www.sff.net/people/julia.west/CALLIHOO/ideagen2.htm
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How about a comb binding?\nLike a book the pages are held from top all the way to the botom and they stay open, you can buy a machine to cut the holes in the paper and insert the comb I know the combs can be brought from partners but our machine is about 100 years old and I have never looked for one, you should also be able to go to a printers and get them made up, you could do the one as a sample
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Here's a site with alot of different ideas and difficulty levels with instructions.  Maybe you can find something here.\n\nOr you can tell us more about what you are wanting to do and what you like and we might be more helpful on here.\n\nhttp://www.all-science-fair-projects.com/
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oooo, I love origami!!\n\nthanks for this website!!!
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http://www.printfree.com/card_pages/EnvelopeFolding.htm\n\nScroll down on the page and they have a step by step illustration on how to make an envelope.\nHope that helps
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YOU can make paper out of anything that contains celluloise and seeds contain starch
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http://www.make-stuff.com \n\nYou will love this site.\nI hope it answers your question.\nHope