What is the secret of  turbulent flow in liquids?
141711
I don't know what kind of a secret you're looking for.  With laminar flow, one thinks in terms of boundary layers, with the flow in the middle moving fastest and a parabolic curve for a velocity profile.\n\nEngineers use the Reynolds number, which is the fluid density times the velocity times a charcateristic length (the diametr in a pipe), all divided by the viscosity of the fluid.  This gives a ratio of the inertial forces to the viscous forces.  If the ratio is small enough, then inertial forces are kept in a laminar manner by the viscosity of the fluid.  But if the inertial forces completely overwhelm the viscous forces, then the flow becomes turbulent (usually this is defined when the Reynold's number is greater than ~2000 or so).  In this case, instead of a smooth velocity profile, all the fluid, regardless of its distance from the center, is regarded as going about the same speed, due to the shear forces mixing the fluid entirely.  This is called plug flow.\n\nWhat are you looking for?
189354
I discussed this experiment with some of my colleagues and we think that the CO2 (carbon dioxide) causes a stirring effect which distributes the temperature more evenly in the soda. The ice cubes serve as nucleation sites for the bubbles (a place for bubbles to grow). As the bubbles grow and then release they cause the ice cubes to circulate in the liquid. This circulation causes the warmer layer below the ice to mix with the colder upper layer of soda and ice. Have you ever noticed that when you use a straw to drink a liquid that the liquid at at the bottom of the cup is warm and requires a stir to evenly distibute the cooling? The "still" beverages (water and tea have no bubbles) will have a cold layer on top next to the ice and a warmer layer on the bottom. This would cause the ice to melt slower.\n\nHere is an experiment to try. Allow some soda to get flat overnite, then try the experiment again.\n\nKeep in mind that temperature is the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance, whereas heat is the total energy of all the particles. The air and water may have particles moving the same speeds, but the water has more heat because there are more particles. \n\nPicture it this way. The ice melts as fast moving particles slam into the slow moving ice particles. As in any collision, some of the energy is transferred to the ice particle, and with its new energy it can break out of the crystal and flow as a liquid water molecule. \n\nTo make the ice melt faster, you can use hotter (faster moving) particles to slam into it. This is why the ice melts faster on a hot day than a cold one. Alternatively, you can just use more collisions. The water is much more dense than the air, with many more particles per cubic millimeter. Thus even though the water molecules have the same kinetic energy as the air particles, there are many more of them hitting the ice each second, and the ice melts faster.
162692
Numerical calculation of unsteady flow is now a days very much possible through CFD( computational fluid dynamics) based softwares.The power of computation is so much enhanced that any fluid problem right from generalised Navier- Stokes equation can be solved easily. The various atmospheric and oceanic activity are observed and solved continuosly.
202441
The physical science and technology of the static and dynamic behavior of fluids.
177575
If the fluid is brought to a rest by the beam then the drag coeff Cd is one.\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drag_coefficient\n\nThis paper seems relevant to your calculations.\nhttp://www.artificialreefs.org/ScientificReports/CancunHotelRBstability.htm
527798
viscosity is the stickness/thickness of liquid. It is a constant for each liquid in relation to its temperature because when you heat stuff up, it flows a little better.\n\nexample: if you heat up honey it goes from being really viscous to flowing better than water at near boling temperatures. You can also look at metals this way too, if you met metal, the hotter the metal, the faster it will flow to where  ever you are trying to get it to go. Lava is a good example as well.
905607
make a little "boat" that you can add weights to and float it in the different liquids.  Gradually add weight to the boat in each liquid to see how much it can hold before it sinks.  The more weight the boat can hold, the greater the density of the liquid!\n\nThis is basically a poor-man's hydrometer.
564133
all the molecules in fluid(liquid or gaseous) are always in random motion, therefore they keep striking the walls of the container , this force causes pressure on the walls of the container
87050
This question has been beaten to death here.  Proponents of the "glass is a liquid" theory point to old window glass which seems to have become thicker on one edge.  This is simply urban legend, perpetuated by teachers who don't know any better.  \n\nIF a material with the extremely high viscosity of glass flowed, then the materials holding the glass in the frame (lead, in the case of stained glass windows in old cathedrals) would also have flowed, but much more, since they have much lower viscosity - and this just hasn't happened.  The glass is simply thicker in some parts due to the manufacturing process used.\n\nAnd glass is NOT a supercooled liquid; although it doesn't exhibit a first order phase transition, it DOES exhibit a second order transition between the supercooled liquid state and the glass state.\n\nBy definition, glass is an amorphous solid.\n\n1.   "A glass is an amorphous solid which exhibits a glass transition"\n2. "A solid is a material whose shear viscosity exceeds 10^14.6 poise" \n\nEstimates of the viscosity of glasses at room temperature run as high as 10 to the 20th power.\n\nAnd my favorite debunking page: http://tafkac.org/science/glass.flow/amorphous_solid_more.html
28632
Carl Wilhelm Oseen was a professor in Uppsala, and also the person who nominated Einstein for the Nobel Prize for the photoelectric effect. One of the areas he worked in was the flow of anisotropic fluids, and liquid crystals, etc. Reading a bit of the literature, what I suspect is called an oseen flow is an approximation to the full fluid dynamic equations that allow them to be solved easier in certain situations, and still be good models for the physics (incompressibility is assumed, I suspect, for example). I gather a major feature is assumption of a linear model for the inertia term in the Navier-Stokes equations (see the notes for the MIT course, in the references).  \n\nOne could dig into this much deeper of course. I have attached a couple of references I looked at.
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Glycerin, motor oil, honey...\n\nOh, and Robert R below is wrong about glass, the claim that glass is a very viscous fluid has been dispelled a few years ago, but the announcment thereof was seemingly not as popular as the original claim -- I was saying that myself until was shown the evidence.  Glass is an amorphous solid, and recent materials created by super-quencing metals or inhibiting crystaline formation have created a whole new class of material called glass-metals with unique properties -- do a search on vitralloy.\nBut ordinary glass will now flow over time.
399680
As the temperature of a liquid increases the particles have more kinetic energy and can move more freely so an object passing through the liquid will experience less friction.
494151
It's bernoulli's principle. Fluids have a lower pressure when moving than when still. Since the water is moving past the spoons (which act like the wing of a plane) they feel a pull from the pressure drop and come together. Try it with a peice of paper sometime. Roll a piec of paper up so when you place it on a flat surface it looks like a curved bridge. then blow under it and it will collapse instead of blow away. It's pretty neet.
820236
It refers to adding something to a liquid which rather than disolving in the liquid nonetheless becomes evenly distributed in the liquid. There are examples everywhere of this.. Salad dressing (oil + vinegar you have to really mix it good to get a uniform dressing). Often some type of powder that you would mix into a liquid.
905434
You can think of viscosity as referring to how much drag is exerted on a surface as the liquid flows by.  Generally, a thicker fluid has higher viscosity so I agree with your choice of honey.\n\nAs particles (molecules) become more loosely connected, the liquid flows more easily, so should be obvious how this relates to viscosity.
791257
Convection isn't a force.\nConvection is the internal movement of currents within fluids (i.e. liquids and gases). It cannot occur in solids due to the particles not being able to flow freely. The most common cause of internal movement is a variation in density due to a transfer of heat. Other sources of density variations, such as variable composition (for example, salinity), or from the application of an external motive force are also often causes. Current movement may be invisibly slow, or it may be as fast as a tornado or twister. Convection occurs in atmospheres, oceans, and planetary mantles.
97560
Are you referring to a fluid mechanics problem, or?\n\nCan you restate the question?