why do intracellular components end in "ome"?
153703
I believe the "some" ending means "body" in Latin or Greek.\nSo, the word Chromosome would mean colored body when roughly translated.
368751
it is called endocytosis and it is a form of bulk movement in for cells. "endo-" meaning in, "-cytosis" meaning cell. \n\nEndocytosis is a process whereby cells absorb material (molecules or other cells) from outside by engulfing it with their cell membranes. It is used by cells (especially protists) because most substances important to them are polar and consist of big molecules, and thus cannot pass through the highly hydrophobic plasma membrane.
792751
cellular respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen.\nit involves glycolysis and then the krebs cycle and then the electron transport chain.\nte end product of the whole process is the synthesis of ATP which is the energy used in most cellular work. \n\nthat's as simple and general as i can put it. look it up on the net if you need more info. lotsa websites out there.
826682
Exoenzymes work outside of cells.  Endoenzymes work inside of cells.\n\nIn humans, amylase is present in the saliva as wells as the small intestine (secreted from pancreas).  Since the enzyme works to break down ingested carbohydrates from food as it passes through the gastrointestinal tract, an extracellular space, it is an exoenzyme.
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smallest to largest in a multicellular organism.\ncell-tissue-organ-organ system-organism
385549
a cell is organic, an atom is not.  a cell is made from atoms.
760480
Molecules found on the outside of the cell are endocytosed into vesicles and fuse with endosomes (which are just a collection of vesicles) once an endosome recieves the special digestive enzymes from the Golgi it becomes a lysosome.\n\nSo overall yup lysosomes are just a special vesicle!
147341
emm...is this your homework??well..it seems that the question is not from you (individually). Hmm..for more understanding, check out this website:\n\nhttp://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/Michael.Gregory/files/Bio%20101/Bio%20101%20Lectures/Biochemistry/biochemi.htm\n\nI hope it solves your dillema, good luck :)
890479
at the ribosomes in the cytoplasm. And they re not creating, just transferring the information from DNA. And they re absolutely not transported inside of endopl.ret. Ribosomes are connected to the rough end.ret. The RNA is not transported inside.messenger RNA is i cytoplasm rewritten o translation RNA which is connected to ribosomes and according the triplets of bases in RNA are connected AMA and lined together to make a peptide and then protein.
156389
plant cells form a disk during the final splitting phase, while animal membranes constrict.  Also, it is easier to see earlier in animals, and animals have centrioles, plants dont.  thats all my textbook says.  the phases and everything are the same, though.
1092048
the answer is D. telomerase\n\ntelomerase adds nucleotides to the ends of chromosomes.  Cancer cells have it, whereas normal human cells do not.  This is why cancer cells are immortal, and normal human cells are not.\n\nPS-as an additional *hint*...enzymes usually (not always, but usually) end in "-ase".
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_%28biology%29\n\ndoes this help any?
723400
Water is actually the main component of the cytoplasm of a cel, as well as being used in energy production cycles.  As a small, non-polar molecule, water enters the cell by way of passive diffusion called osmosis.  The semi-permeable membrane means that not just anything can cross it.  The only things that can passively cross the membrane are molecules that are, like water, small and non-polar.  Anything else must be actively transported in, or have a channel protein.
772751
I believe the answer is B\n\nMicrobodies are associated with lysosomes or other organelles inside the cell.
780451
The cell cycle, or cell-division cycle (CDC), is the series of events in a eukaryotic cell between one cell division and the next. Thus, it is the process by which a single-cell fertilized egg develops into a mature organism and the process by which hair, skin, blood cells, and some internal organs are renewed. A specialized form of cell division is responsible for cellular differentiation during embryogenesis and morphogenesis, as well as for the maintenance of stem cells during adult life.\n\nThe cell cycle consists of four distinct phases: G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase (collectively known as interphase) and M phase. M phase is itself composed of two tightly coupled processes: mitosis, in which the cell's chromosomes are divided between the two daughter cells, and cytokinesis, in which the cell's cytoplasm physically divides. Cells that have temporarily or reversibly stopped dividing are said to have entered a state of quiescence called G0 phase, while cells that have permanently stopped dividing due to age or accumulated DNA damage are said to be senescent. Some cell types in mature organisms, such as parenchymal cells of the liver and kidney, enter the G0 phase semi-permanently and can only be induced to begin dividing again under very specific circumstances; other types, such as epithelial cells, continue to divide throughout an organism's life.\n\nThe molecular events that control the cell cycle are ordered and directional; that is, each process occurs in a sequential fashion and it is impossible to "reverse" the cycle. There are two key classes of regulatory molecules that determine a cell's progress through the cell cycle: cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases. Leland H. Hartwell, R. Timothy Hunt, and Paul M. Nurse won the 2001 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their discovery of these central molecules in the regulation of the cell cycle.\n\nPhases of the cell cycle\n\n Schematic of the cell cycle. I=Interphase, M=Mitosis. The duration of mitosis in relation to the other phases has\nbeen exaggerated in this diagramAlthough the various stages of interphase are not usually morphologically distinguishable, each phase of the cell cycle has a distinct set of specialized biochemical processes that prepare the cell for entry into the next stage. It should be remembered that, throughout interphase, the cell carries out its normal metabolic activities and is actively engaging in transcription and translation of its genome.\n\nIn G1 phase, the cell carries on its usual metabolic activities while preparing to duplicate its DNA. These preparations often include growing by increasing the amount of cytoplasm and the number of important organelles such as mitochondria. (This is particularly important in organisms and cell types that divide their cytoplasm unevenly, as in budding yeast.) In G1 a diploid cell (such as a human cell) has a complement of 2N chromosomes, where N is the gene copy number; in sexually reproducing organisms this amounts to one chromosome inherited from each parent. The actual quantity of DNA is described as 2c, where the "c" value is measured in picograms and 1c is equal to the quantity of DNA in a single haploid genome. The end of G1 is demarcated by a "point of no return" beyond which the cell is committed to dividing; in yeast this is called START and in multicellular eukaryotes it is termed the restriction point. \nIn S phase, the cell duplicates its DNA. \nIn G2 phase, the cell continues with growth and metabolism in preparation for undergoing mitosis. In this quantity of DNA within the cell has increased to 4c, but the cell is still considered diploid. \nIn M phase the cell segregates its chromosomes so that both daughter cells receive a total complement of 2N. The four stages of mitosis - prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase - also progress in a sequential and directional fashion, like the cell cycle as a whole. Telophase, the final stage of mi
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Cell Membrane proteins are made inside the cell and inserted into invaginations of the cell membrane called Endoplasmic Reticulum.  At least that's how it works in Eukaryotes (everything from humans and plants to Amoebae).  Prokaryotes (bacteria) must do something similar, but their internal structure is different.\n\nEukaryotes have long stretches of endoplasmic reticilum inside them (but outside the nucleus).  ER is essentially the cell membrane, in long deep convoluted invaginations; it's continuous with the cell membrane but all-but pinched off at the cell surface.\n\nProteins are manufactured by ribosomes (it's a complicated mechanism, but involves the ribosomes anyway) which read the information of mRNA to string amino acids together to make protein.  If the nascent protein chain has the right sequences, its inserted into the ER membrane as it's growing.  As it grows, it pokes through the ER  and out the other side: the "head" of the protein sticks out, while the "tail" is still growing on the inside of the cell.  If the protein has a particular control sequence, called a "stop transfer" sequence, the mechanisms pushing it through the ER stop, and it remains embedded in the ER membrane.  If it doesn't have this sequence, it gets pushed right on through.\n\nWhen the protein is finished, a small pocket of the ER membrane pinches off to form a bubble or "vessicle" inside the cell.  The vessicle membrane will have the new protein embedded in it, with the head of the protein inside the vessicle and the tail sticking out.  If the protein was pushed all the way through, it will be completely inside the vessicle.\n\nThe vessicle is moved to the cell surface by microfibers (a kind of protein called actin that forms fibers that can slide over each other.  It's also found in muscle).  The vessicle fuses with the cell surface and opens up; the "inside" of the vessicle is now the outside of the cell.  The head of the protein, that was on the inside of the vessicle, is now on the outside of the cell, and the tail of the protein is still on the inside, and the cell membrane protein is ready to go.\n\nIf the protein went all the way through the ER, and wound up completely inside the vessicle, then it is secreted (released from, as in a secretion) from the cell when the vessicle fuses with the cell membrane.  You can turn a cell membrane protein into a secretatory protein by removing the "stop transfer" sequence of amino acids from the protein.  This is believed to happen sometimes, for example, when an antibody molecule (a protein) that is embedded in the cell membrane triggers the cell to begin to secrete the same antibody molecule into the blood stream: if something binds to the embedded antibody, the cell begins to manufacture the same molecule but without the stop-transfer sequence, so the cell now secretes antibodies.
811571
e because if it cant make theres a dna problem\nif it cant secrete its the golgi's problem\nand if theres no glycol proteins the extracellular matrix isn't there