The TNM system for classifing cancers is used to describe?
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see site below.  Has undergone 6 changes.
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The email that is going around is very misleading.  It is a test used primarily to track the effectiveness of treatment of a woman who has already been diagnosed with ovarian cancer.  It is not effective for determining early stages of cancer.  Read attached:\n\nhttp://urbanlegends.about.com/library/blca-125b.htm
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This site should be able to explain it for you....\n\nhttp://www.cancerbacup.org.uk/Cancertype/Lymphomanon-Hodgkins/General/WhatareNHLs
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Earths terminal cancer, melanoma Homo sapiens
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"Malignancy" usually refers to whether the cancer is of a type to spread rapidly or not.
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Cancer is a class of diseases or disorders characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these cells to invade other tissues, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue through invasion or by implantation into distant sites by metastasis. Metastasis is defined as the stage in which cancer cells are transported through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. Cancer may affect people at all ages, but risk increases with age. It is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries.\n\nThere are many types of cancer. Severity of symptoms depends on the site and character of the malignancy and whether there is metastasis. A definitive diagnosis usually requires the histologic examination of tissue by a pathologist. This tissue is obtained by biopsy or surgery. Most cancers can be treated and some cured, depending on the specific type, location, and stage. Once diagnosed, cancer is usually treated with a combination of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. As research develops, treatments are becoming more specific for the type of cancer pathology. Drugs that target specific cancers already exist for several cancers. If untreated, cancers may eventually cause illness and death, though this is not always the case.\n\nfor more info. about cancer click the link below:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancer\nyou will get all the information you need about cancer in the link.
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"We have developed a collaborative scheme that facilitates active human supervision of the binary segmentation of an echocardiogram. The scheme complements the reliability of a human expert with the precision of segmentation algorithms. In the developed system, an expert user compares the computer generated segmentation with the original image in a user friendly graphics environment, and interactively indicates the incorrectly classified regions either by pointing or by circling. The precise boundaries of the indicated regions are computed by studying original image properties at that region, and a human visual attention distribution map obtained from the published psychological and psychophysical research. We use the developed system to extract contours of heart chambers from a sequence of two dimensional echocardiograms. We are currently extending this method to incorporate a richer set of inputs from the human supervisor, to facilitate multi-classification of image regions depending on their functionality. We are integrating into our system the knowledge related constraints that cardiologists use, to improve the capabilities of our existing system. This extension involves developing a psychological model of expert reasoning, functional and relational models of typical views in echocardiograms, and corresponding interface modifications to map the suggested actions to image processing algorithms"\nI think that a specific dosage of a drug will be injected in the patient and the Echocardiogram will be taken under the supervision of a technical personnel. This will facilitate the doctor in arriving at a diagnosis.\nPlease see the Google search for more details on a supervised echocardiogram.
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cancer is an auto-immune disease and can be reversed with\nproper cell to cell communication or glycosylation. the \nimmune system kills off cancerous cells. all you need are \nglyconutrients. send me and email for more info.
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If you are trying to do classification (Naive Bayes), here is a good introduction:\nhttp://www.resample.com/xlminer/help/NaiveBC/classiNB_intro.htm\n\nHope this helps.
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For more knowledge on cancer check the link below
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Yes. \n\nTechnically, any tissue type in any person can undergo the changes that will classify it as 'cancer'.\n\nIn practice though, there are reproducible statistics that can tell you the likely hood of getting any type of cancer. (Some are more common than others). Through prevention and treatment, you can alter these statistics in some populations.\n\nBreast cancer is not one of the commoner childhood cancers. \n\nTry searches for \npaediatric breast cancer or pediatric breast cancer.
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I can't help you with the survey map, but I can tell you that an expert system is a computer program designed to ask a sequence of questions about a problem and then somehow provide a solution for it based on the answers. For example, a medical expert system might ask for details about a patient's temperature, pulse rate, blood pressure and other symptoms and then try and use the answers to predict what disease the patient has.
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tecICD-9 Codes included in Range V76.42 - V82.9\nICD-9 Code ICD-9 Code Description \nV76.42 SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE ORAL CAVITY \nV76.43 SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE SKIN \nV76.44 SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE PROSTATE \nV76.45 SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OF THE TESTIS \nV76.46 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OVARY \nV76.47 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS VAGINA \nV76.49 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS OTHER SITES \nV76.50 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS UNSPECIFIED INTESTINE \nV76.51 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS COLON \nV76.52 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS SMALL INTESTINE \nV76.81 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS NERVOUS SYSTEM \nV76.89 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR OTHER MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS \nV76.9 SCREENING FOR UNSPECIFIED MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS \nV77.0 SCREENING FOR THYROID DISORDERS \nV77.1 SCREENING FOR DIABETES MELLITUS \nV77.2 SCREENING FOR MALNUTRITION \nV77.3 SCREENING FOR PHENYLKETONURIA (PKU) \nV77.4 SCREENING FOR GALACTOSEMIA \nV77.5 SCREENING FOR GOUT \nV77.6 SCREENING FOR CYSTIC FIBROSIS \nV77.7 SCREENING FOR OTHER INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM \nV77.8 SCREENING FOR OBESITY \nV77.91 SCREENING FOR LIPOID DISORDERS \nV77.99 SCREENING FOR OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED ENDOCRINE NUTRITIONAL METABOLIC AND IMMUNITY DISORDERS \nV78.0 SCREENING FOR IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA \nV78.1 SCREENING FOR OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED DEFICIENCY ANEMIA \nV78.2 SCREENING FOR SICKLE-CELL DISEASE OR TRAIT \nV78.3 SCREENING FOR OTHER HEMOGLOBINOPATHIES \nV78.8 SCREENING FOR OTHER DISORDERS OF BLOOD AND BLOOD-FORMING ORGANS \nV78.9 SCREENING FOR UNSPECIFIED DISORDER OF BLOOD AND BLOOD-FORMING ORGANS \nV79.0 SCREENING FOR DEPRESSION \nV79.1 SCREENING FOR ALCOHOLISM \nV79.2 SCREENING FOR MENTAL RETARDATION \nV79.3 SCREENING FOR DEVELOPMENTAL HANDICAPS IN EARLY CHILDHOOD \nV79.8 SCREENING FOR OTHER SPECIFIED MENTAL DISORDERS AND DEVELOPMENTAL HANDICAPS \nV79.9 SCREENING FOR UNSPECIFIED MENTAL DISORDER AND DEVELOPMENTAL HANDICAP \nV80.0 SCREENING FOR NEUROLOGICAL CONDITIONS \nV80.1 SCREENING FOR GLAUCOMA \nV80.2 SCREENING FOR OTHER EYE CONDITIONS \nV80.3 SCREENING FOR EAR DISEASES \nV81.0 SCREENING FOR ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE \nV81.1 SCREENING FOR HYPERTENSION \nV81.2 SCREENING FOR OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED CARDIOVASCULAR CONDITIONS \nV81.3 SCREENING FOR CHRONIC BRONCHITIS AND EMPHYSEMA \nV81.4 SCREENING FOR OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED RESPIRATORY CONDITIONS \nV81.5 SCREENING FOR NEPHROPATHY \nV81.6 SCREENING FOR OTHER AND UNSPECIFIED GENITOURINARY CONDITIONS \nV82.0 SCREENING FOR SKIN CONDITIONS \nV82.1 SCREENING FOR RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS \nV82.2 SCREENING FOR OTHER RHEUMATIC DISORDERS \nV82.3 SCREENING FOR CONGENITAL DISLOCATION OF HIP \nV82.4 MATERNAL POSTNATAL SCREENING FOR CHROMOSOMAL ANOMALIES \nV82.5 SCREENING FOR CHEMICAL POISONING AND OTHER CONTAMINATION \nV82.6 MULTIPHASIC SCREENING \nV82.81 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR OSTEOPOROSIS \nV82.89 SPECIAL SCREENING FOR OTHER SPECIFIED CONDITIONS \nV82.9 SCREENING FOR UNSPECIFIED CONDITION
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Its actually a collection of blood disorders which used to be called "preleukemia"-following is from Wikipedia\n\n\nIn 1974 and 1975 a group of pathologists from France, the United States, and Britain met and deliberated and derived the first widely used classification of these diseases. This French-American-British (FAB) classification was published in 1976 and revised in 1982. Cases were classified into 5 categories: (ICD-O codes are provided where available)\n\n(M9980/3) Refractory anemia (RA) - characterized by less than 5% primitive blood cells (myeloblasts) in the bone marrow and pathological abnormalities primarily seen in red cell precursors; \n(M9982/3) Refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (RARS) - also characterized by less than 5% myeloblasts in the bone marrow, but distinguished by the presence of 15% or greater red cell precursors in the marrow being abnormal iron-stuffed cells called "ringed sideroblasts"; \n(M9983/3) Refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) - characterized by 5-19% myeloblasts in the marrow; \n(M9984/3) Refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (RAEB-T) - characterized by 20-29% myeloblasts in the marrow (30% blasts is defined as acute myeloid leukemia); \n(M9945/3) Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) - not to be confused with chronic myelogenous leukemia or CML - characterized by less than 20% myeloblasts in the bone marrow and greater than 1000 * 109/uL monocytes (a type of white blood cell) circulating in the peripheral blood.
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Cancer is a class of diseases characterized by uncontrolled division of cells and the ability of these cells to invade other tissues, either by direct growth into adjacent tissue (invasion) or by implantation into distant sites (metastasis). This unregulated growth is caused by damage to DNA, resulting in mutations to genes that control cell division. Several mutations may be required to transform a normal cell into a malignant cell. These mutations are often caused by chemicals or physical agents called carcinogens. Some mutations occur spontaneously, or they can be inherited (germ line mutations.)
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As far as is known, cells dont generate any particular frequency, other than the waveforms generated in the brain and heart by large masses of cells depolarizing together.  Since you are talking about tumors, which are cancer cell masses, then it is possible to detect them based upon average densitiy and water content, which tends to be different in cacner cells than surrounding tissue, and this is done through MRI.
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well,\n*CGH:is a molecular-cytogenetic method for the analysis of copy number changes( gains/losses)in the DNA content of tumor cells,method is based on the hybridization of fluorescently labeled tumor and normal DNA to normal human metaphase preparations,using epiflourescence microscopy and quantitative image analysis,regional differences in the fluorescence ratio of tumor vs.control DNA can be detected and used for identifying abnormal regions in the tumor cell genome,CGH will detect only unbalanced chromosomes changes,structural chromosome aberrations such as balanced reciprocal translocations,inversions can not be detected.