What happens to the electrons in a black hole?
144870
We have no idea what happens to any matter inside a black hole. The laws of physics that we know do not apply.
903144
it depends on the holes size and the speed they approach each other.\n\nfrom theory it was assumed that they just merge and form a larger one\n\nobervations indicate that black holes may explode while merging and create extremly violant outbreaks of gamma radiation\n-> gamma-ray-bursts
447612
one of the properties of a neutron star (as far as i can tell) is that the electrons and the protons are so tightly packed that they form in to neutrons. But they are not bound together like they are in the nucleus of an atom.  \n\nThere is actualy a great statmech problem where you are suposed to calulate the radius of a neutron star using only the pauli exclution principle (basicly that fermions have the tendency to repell each other)\n\nat the moment there are two known things that are even denser... a black hole for one, and the neuclus of an atom. \n\nIf there was a free existing small part of a black hole, it would just explode in a matter of moments (~10^-14 sec i think).  as for a neutron star they would also fly appart because for the pauli exclution principle.  But if we have a huge mass of protons and neutron we would have a very very very very heavy atom.  It would attract electrons just like a normal atom.  But it would decay in just moments(problably very violently).   \n\nIt can be made, but it would exist in such small quantity and for so short of a time that it would seemingly have no properites
894776
According to quantum mechinics, an electron is not confined to an orbit as we know for satellites, it has a 'shell' of probability where it is most likely to be found. It also has the small but finite chance of being found inside the nucleus of the atom, so the anwer is 0.
678337
I think you may be referring to Hawking radiation.\n\nVirtual particles come into being all the time but are annihilated before they can be detected by virtual anti-particles.  But close to a black hole with a very steep gravity well what can happen is that one of the particle-antiparticle pair is sucked into the black hole and the other one escapes.  The mass energy of the particle that escapes is taken from the black hole and the black hole gets a little bit lighter.\n\nBecause it is a process that depends on how steep the gravity well is and because smaller black holes have steeper gravity wells the smaller a black hole is the less time it takes to decay away (so a black hole as heavy as a mountain would take billions of years while one as heavy as a star takes way longer).
21091
Correction: when stars "die", they either become a white dwarf (if they're light, where all elements are reduced to primarily iron, which has a lower energy state than anything lighter or heavier--hence, it becomes spent nuclear fuel that cannot react anymore), or a neutron star (as above, but with a mass so great that gravitational forces overwhelm nuclear forces making electron collapse into protons in a single mass), or they can become black holes (if their mass is so very great that all matter is compressed into a singlarity--ie, a point with infite density).  The mass of a black hole is guaged by the degree to which it curves the surrounding space-time continuum.\n\nA white dwarf glows as it is white-hot, but as it cools down, it becomes a brown dwarf, turning dark.\n\nThe debate in astronomy is whether the rate of the universe's expansion is sufficient to keep all black holes from collapsing.  On either end, a break prediction lies: in one scenario, everything forms one big singularity, while in the other, energy fluctations slowly even out until entropy is optimized throughout the universe, resulting in the "heat death" of the universe.
330240
A black hole isn't necessarily big or heavy. Any mass M which is compressed to \n\nSchwarzschild Radius: R = 2*G*M/c²\n\ngravitational constant: G = 6,6742/10^11 m³/(kg*m²)\nspeed of light: c = 2,9979*10^8 m/s\n\n\nwill collapse and form a black hole, theoretically. If you have such a thing and want to carry it around you have to isolate it from surronding matter because everything touching the event horizont R will fall into it. But that's science fiction. Rumours say that romulans use tiny black holes for their warp drives and call them quantum singularities.\n\nHawking Radiation\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawking_radiation
31855
Like the posters above have said, the known laws of physics break down inside a black hole. Anything which passes inside the event horizon is no longer visible to anyone outside. What happens inside is just pure speculation, take your pick:\n\na. Matter, light and other trapped energy is compressed to incredible density\n\nb. Everything breaks down into its ultimately basic constituents (quarks, strings, whatever).\n\nc. Everything passes through a 'worm hole' to a 'white hole' somewhere else in the universe or in a different universe. A white hole (no one has ever observed one) is the opposite of a black hole, where everything is emitted out. It would appear like an incredible sourc of light.\n\nd. Black holes accumulate matter and energy, and ultimately the whole universe is concentrated into one single black hole. Suddenly "Let there be light", and it all explodes in another Big Bang to form a new universe. This is also called the theory of oscillating universes.
196389
Like all gravitationally-formed objects, a black hole is roughly spherical in shape (like planets and stars, a rotating black hole will be slightly flattened at the poles.)  According to Hawking's theory, black holes do emit radiation (and therefore mass) in accordance with quantum rules.  Theoretically, given enough time a black hole could radiate away enough of its mass to disappear completely.  When its mass drops below a certain critical threshhold, the remaining mass of the black hole would disappear in a final violent burst of gamma radiation.  Unfortunately (or perhaps fortunately) the best estimates we have for the time it would take for a black hole to explode in this way is far longer than the current estimated age of the universe, so it is not likely we would be able to test this theory through direct observation.
812789
As a result of the black hole information paradox, a black hole actually destroys quantum information about any particles that cross its event horizon, which violates the scientific tenet that information cannot be destroyed.  A consequence of this is that black holes are identical except for their respective masses, electrical charges and angular velocities; no other characteristics of a black hole can be measured.
528620
So, I don't know if that last word was supposed to be photoelectrons or photons.  So, I'll do both.\n\nIf there is an energy gap, and the energy of the photon is sufficient to promote an electron from one of the energy states in the fermi sea to an allowed energy state above the gap, the electron can be promoted to a state above the energy gap, and a hole will be produced in the state it came from.  Because there are lots of vacant energy states above the energy gap, the electron is in the conduction band, and can move around lots...  That's how you get photoelectrons.\n\nNow, photons would be produced when those photoelectrons recombine with holes.  The photoelectron has some finite lifetime, after which it will recombine with a hole (probably not the same one).  This will result in the electon losing energy in the form of a photon.
291709
Ans. 4. Higher electric potential.\n\nA positive charge will go from a region of higher to lower electric potential.\n\nA negative charge will go from a region of lower to higher electric potential. Since electron is a negative charge, it should go to a higher electric potential.
391370
Not really, a solid is usually atoms packed closely enough together so that they bond and form a structure that is resistant to change. Blackhole cores are of collapsed matter: there are no atoms, protons or even quarks. Just like plasma isn't "gas," blackhole material isn't solid
627291
Nothing.  A warhead would have no effect, since it would be fryed, melted, crushed, and sucked into the black hole.  It wouldnt even make it past 10 feet before all of that happenes to it from a black hole.
81743
A black hole is a concentration of mass great enough that the force of gravity prevents anything from escaping it except through quantum tunnelling behaviour (known as Hawking Radiation). The gravitational field is so strong that the escape velocity near it exceeds the speed of light. This implies that nothing, not even light, can escape its gravity.This makes this object invisible to the rest of the universe,hence the word "black". The term "black hole" is widespread, even though it does not refer to a hole in the usual sense, but rather a region of space from which nothing can return.\n\nThe existence of black holes in the universe is well supported by astronomical observation, particularly from studying X-ray emission from X-ray binaries and active galactic nuclei.\n\nGeneral relativity (as well as most other metric theories of gravity) not only says that black holes can exist, but in fact predicts that they will be formed in nature whenever a sufficient amount of mass gets packed in a given region of space, through a process called gravitational collapse. For example, if you compressed the Sun to a radius of three kilometers, about four millionths of its present size, it would become a black hole. As the mass inside the given region of space increases, its gravity becomes stronger   or, in the language of relativity, the space around it becomes increasingly deformed. Eventually gravity gets so strong that nothing can escape, an event horizon is formed, and matter and energy must inevitably collapse into a singularity.\n\nA quantitative analysis of this idea led to the prediction that a star remaining about three times the mass of the Sun at the end of its evolution, will almost inevitably shrink to the critical size needed to undergo a gravitational collapse. Once collapse starts, it cannot be stopped by any physical force, and a black hole is created. This is because there is a limit to the strength of materials due to the fact that the speed of sound, related to the materials stiffness, cannot be greater than the speed of light.\n\nStellar collapse will generate black holes containing at least three solar masses. Black holes smaller than this limit can only be created if their matter is subjected to sufficient pressure from some source other than self-gravitation. The enormous pressures needed for this are thought to have existed in the very early stages of the universe, possibly creating primordial black holes which could have masses smaller than that of the Sun.\n\nSupermassive black holes are believed to exist in the centres of most, (if not all) galaxies, including our own Milky Way. This type of black hole contains millions to billions of solar masses, and there are several models of how they might have been formed. The first is via gravitational collapse of a dense cluster of stars. A second is by large amounts of mass accreting onto a "seed" black hole of stellar mass. A third is by repeated fusion of smaller black holes. Finally it may be possible to construct such a black hole by the collapse of a large gas cloud via an intermediate stage of a relativistic star.\n\nCertain models of unification of the four fundamental forces allow the formation of micro black holes under laboratory conditions. These postulate that the energy at which gravity is unified with the other forces is comparable to the energy at which the other three are unified, as opposed to being the Planck energy (which is much higher). This would allow production of extremely short-lived black holes in terrestrial particle accelerators. No conclusive evidence of this type of black hole production has been presented, though even a negative result
505040
Stephen Hawking hypothesized that black holes lose energy (and thus mass) due to the formation of particle-antiparticle pairs on event horizon, where one particle is ripped from its partner into the hole while the other is boosted away. But this violates conservation of energy, as the particle that escaped has virtually come from nothing. Somehow, the black hole emits radiation to equal this missing energy (this is Hawking's paper). Thus, according to this theory, black holes slowly evaporate over time.\nThere are a few problems with this theory, though. See
918848
According to general relativity, the matter inside a black hole collapses to a single point: a "singularity".  At this point, the mass density (ρ = m/V) is undefined (because the volume of a single point is zero). \nWe have a lot to learn about extreme cases such as this.