What role does oxygen play in aerobic respiration?
145055
Aerobic respiration requires oxygen in order to generate energy. It is the preferred method of pyruvate breakdown from glycolysis and requires that pyruvate enter the mitochondrion to be fully oxidized by the Krebs cycle. The product of this process is energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate), by substrate-level phosphorylation, NADH and FADH2. The reducing potential of NADH and FADH2 is converted to more ATP via an electron transport chain with oxygen as the "terminal electron acceptor". Most of the ATP produced by cellular respiration is by oxidative phosphorylation, ATP molecules are made due to the chemiosmotic potential driving ATP synthase. Respiration is the process by which cells obtain energy when oxygen is present in the cell.\n\nTheoretically, 36 ATP molecules can be made per glucose during cellular respiration, however, such conditions are generally not realized due to such losses as the cost of moving pyruvate into mitochondria. Aerobic metabolism is rather more efficient than anaerobic metabolism. They share the initial pathway of glycolysis but aerobic metabolism continues with the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. The post glycolytic reactions take place in the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells, and at the cell membrane in prokaryotic cells.\n\nGlycolysis\nMain article: Glycolysis \nGlycolysis is a metabolic pathway that is found in all living organisms and does not require oxygen. The process converts one molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, and makes energy in the form of two net molecules of ATP. Four molecules of ATP per glucose are actually produced but two are consumed for the preparatory phase. The initial phosphorylation of glucose is required to destablise the molecule for cleavage into two triose sugars. During the pay-off phase of glycolysis four phosphate groups are transfered to ADP by substrate-level phosphorylation to make four ATP and two NADH are produced when the triose sugars are oxidised. Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell. The overall reaction can be expressed this way:\n\nGlucose + 2 ATP + 2 NAD+ + 2 Pi + 4 ADP → 2 pyruvate + 2 ADP + 2 NADH + 4 ATP + 2 H2O + 4 H+ \n\nOxidative decarboxylation\nMain article: Oxidative decarboxylation \nProduces acetyl-CoA from pyruvate. This oxidation reaction also releases carbon dioxide as a product.\n\nKrebs cycle/Citric Acid cycle\nMain article: Citric acid cycle \nWhen oxygen is present, acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, and gets oxidised to CO2 while at the same time reducing NAD to NADH. NADH can be used by the electron transport chain to create further ATP as part of oxidative phosphorylation. To fully oxidise the equivalent of one glucose molecule two acetyl-CoA must be metabolised by the Krebs cycle. Two waste products, H2O and CO2 are created during this cycle, .\n\nOxidative phosphorylation\nMain articles: Oxidative phosphorylation , Electron transport chain , Electrochemical gradient, and ATP synthase\n\nIn eukaryotes, oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the mitochondria. It comprises of the electron transport chain that establishes a proton gradient (chemiosmotic potential) across the inner membrane by oxidising the NADH produced from the Krebs cycle. ATP is synthesised by the ATP synthase enzyme when the chemiosmotic gradient is used to drive the phosphorylation of ADP.\n\nTheoretical yields\nThe yields in the table below are for one glucose and molecule being fully oxidised to carbon dioxide. It is assumed that all the reduced coenzymes are oxidised by the electron transport chain and used for oxidative phosphorylation.
633274
oxygen is removed and replaced by co2
551613
Glucose is important to the body because it is broken down into just water and carbon dioxide in the process of oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of your cells-this requires oxygen..  This is where your body gets 95% of it's evergy-for example, runners use oxydative phosphorylation (aerobic energy) and can go steadily for 26 miles (or more)-while weightlifters when lifting use primarily anaerobic energy (without oxygen)-that only can give energy for a minute or so.  WIthout aerobic metabolism you would die in a few minutes.  So, glucose plus oxygen is where you get energy, and it happens in the mitochondria of cells.  Cyanide interfers with this reaction in the mitochondria, so that oxygen cannot be used to make energy (so cyanide primarily works against oxygen, but since it's glucose + oxygen that is burned to make the energy, is might as well work against glucose as well).  Burning glucose for energy using oxygen is exactly the same as burning fuel in a fire.  If you start a fire, but keep it from getting oxygen, it'll go out- cyanide starves your body of the oxygen, so *your* fire goes out.
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i assume "respiration" in your context refer to cellular respiration..\n\ncellular respiration in simple terms breaks down glucose and produce energy in forms of adenosine triphosphates.(ATPs). ATPs are the energy currency in the body and the breakdown of ATPs provide the energy needed for other metabolic processes, including digestion. Looking at it another way, digestion of complex nutrients like carbohydrates produces glucose, which is the respiratory substrate..\n\nDiffusion - oxygen required for aerobic respiration enters individual cells by diffusion. Waste products of aerobic respiration such as co2 leave the cells by diffusion into the bloodstream.  in general, diffusion is a passive process which does not require energy from ATPs, be it facilitated diffusion or simple diffusion, both are exergonic processes.\n\nthe circulatory system would carry the materials needed for aerobic respiration, eg oxygen and glucose to the individual cells, oxygen in form of oxyhaemoglobin in red blood cells. The circulatory system also carries the waste products, eg co2 away for excretion. \nThe circulatory system requires the pump, i.e. the heart to work, and the cardiac muscles require ATPs from respiration for contraction.\n\nhope u can see that they are all interrelated now..=)
188791
There are two kinds of respiration: aerobic (with oxygen) and anaerobic (without oxygen).  Aerobic respiration doesn't seem to vary much in creatures that undergo it with respect to the products it creates.  However, anaerobic respiration can have several different results, two of which are ethanol and lactic acid formation.  \n\nEthanol is created in alcoholic beverages by placing yeast in the presence of some sort of sugar, and placing it in an anerobic environment (like a bottle if you're making wine), and then it is allowed to sit for a while so that the yeast can convert the sugars to ethanol.  \n\nSimilarly, your muscle cells are normally undergoing aerobic respiration, but if you run a long distance, the muscles start using up all the oxygen avaliable to them, so they convert to anaerobic respiration, the by product of which is lactic acid.  Lactic acid causes the cramps in the muscles that you feel after a long, hard work out.
829141
Higher partial pressure of O2 in atmosphere that that present in the blood.\n\nRemember, blood in the lungs will be DEOXYGENATED!
250378
LIght rections- \n1) H2o ---> H2 + O2 in presence of light -> it is gettin' decomposed\n2) Photosynthesis ---> light favours the reaction btween oxygen water et al , n produces food. -> food is produced\n \nHence , one of these is catastrophic , n the oder , Anatrophic\nIf this is what you had asked...
336167
oxygen and carbon dioxide
152040
Aerobic bacteria uses O2 like all the other cells, in resparation, aka. break down of glucose. Anaerobic bacteria, cannot stand oxygen, because it is like a poison to them, they can get all of their energy from chemicals, such as sulphuric acid, from underwater volcano vents
745142
aerobic rxns use oxygen...anaerobic is w/o oxygen.
473886
If you have enough oxygen, your body uses aerobic respiration for its energy needs. Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide. Anaerobic respiration is reserved only for when you don't have enough oxygen to do aerobic respiration, which happens after you start to run a bit. Anaerobic respiration does not produce carbon dioxide. However, you also do aerobic respiration at the same time even after running a while, only less because you only have as much oxygen as you keep breathing in. So the answer is running, because aerobic respiration increases when you need the energy.
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metabolism that requires the presence of oxygen
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O2 is an energy-rich oxidizing substance.  Sugar and fat are both energy-rich reducing substances.  When an oxidizer and a reducer react, electrons are exchanged, in what is called a redox reaction.  The redox reaction here creates CO2 and H2O, both of which are low-energy molecules.  The energy pulled out is used to make ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which fuels the body's activities.\n\nRespiration is where O2 is taken from the air and CO2 is released back in the air.  The epithelial tissue in the lungs is very, very thin, and there are many small blood vessels there which bring the blood close to the air.  O2 from the air is inhaled into the lungs, where it diffuses through the epithelium and into the bloodtream, and binds rather loosely to a substance called hemoglobin.  Likewise, the CO2 diffuses through the epitheluim and into your lungs, which you exhale. As the heart pumps, it pulls the oxygen-rich blood away from your lungs, toward the heart.  Then it is pumpmed out by the heart, going throughout the body to provide oxygen to the tissues.  As the hemoglobin goes to places deficient in oxygen, the oxygen will be released by the hemoglobin to supply the tissues.  Meanwhile, the CO2 byproduct in the tissues will bind to the hemoglobin (rather loosely) and be carried away.  After going past the tissues of the body, the blood, now oxygen poor, is returned to the heart, with a lot of CO2.  That blood is again pumped by the heart towards the lungs, and the exchange repeats all over again.
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photosythesis and aerobic cell respiration are REVERSE equations of each other and would probably be described as the TWO most important chemical equations on the planet, (but all equations are important!). Plants are crucial to aerobic life on earth!\n\nPHOTOSYNTHESIS is a synthesis reaction taking small inorganic molecules to make a larger organic molecule (and inorganic byproduct, oxygen. It occurs in the chloroplast of green plants (with chlorophyll pigment) and some photosynthetic bacteria:\n\nEQUATION in words, not formulas: \n\ncarbon dioxide plus water makes glucose sugar (carbs) and oxygen gas (but it needs the sunproper temp, chlorophyll and proper nutirents in the soil to occur\n\nAEROBIC CELL RESPIRATION is a catabolic-decomposition reaction where a larger organic molecule (glucose) is broken down into smaller inorganic molecules (CO2 and H2O) and occurs in the mitochondria of the cell, plant or animal:\n\nEQUATION IN WORDS, not formulas: \n\nglucose (in the presence of oxygen) converts to carbon dioxide, water, ATP (energy molecule) and heat. This is AEROBIC, not anaerobic.\n\nThus plants are able to "take care of themselves." They can make their own glucose from the sun, but then can do cell respiration from glucose they made from photosynthesis. We can't do photosynthesis, so we have to go eat carbs and are thus called heterotrophs.  It's why plants are called autotroph producers.  Anything that eats plants or animals is called a consumer or heterotroph.
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WindWalker's statement that oxygen is necessary for the synthesis of nutrients we need is a little misleading.  Oxygen is basically the end of the electron transport chain, and binds hydrogens that have passed though the ion gradient of the mitochondiral matrix to form water.\n\nHydrogen passes through this gradient in the mitochondrial matrix via passive, channel mediated transport.  The concentration of H+ on one side is high, and low on the other, since they get bound to Oxygen to form water.  Every time an H+ ion passes through, energy for ATP production is derived.
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Respiration happens constantly in many organisms as the main metabolic pathway to provide the cell with ATP (chemical energy).  \n\nThe term respiration also implies that oxygen is needed (this is why your lungs and etc are called the respiratory tract).  Oxygen is the final electron acceptor in the "electron transport chain" of respiration and when it accepts these electrons it forms a water (H2O) molecule\n\nRespiration is coupled with mitochondria in humans and most other eukaryotes.  In humans, mitochondria are used to create a "proton gradient" which drives ATP synthesis in the mitochondria.  Heart cells have many mitochondria for example, and this is because the heart constantly beats and requires energy.  Skeletal Muscle cells also have a decent amount of mitochondria, but when you exercise your muscles and they burn, it is because respiration is going as fast as it can, but since your cells need chemical energy, they have started to use an alternative pathway that produces lactic acid (the burn from exercise).\n\nEven bacteria like e-coli use respiration, though they do not have mitochondria, though often bacteria can live without oxygen and use different metabolic pathways in the absence of oxygen.
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In the alveoli the exchange is simply the difference in concentraions, diffusion.  The high concentration of oxygen in the lungs and low concentration of oxygen from the pulmonary artery (the opposite for CO2) follow the laws of diffusion.  In muscle cells CO2 is released by the muscle in combination with water to form H2CO3, an acid, as well as lactic acid.  The acidic environment results in what is called a Bohr shift, which decreases the affinity of oxygen to the hemoglobin to which it is attached.  This way the cells in the body can get oxygen on demand: cells with a higher metabolism get priority over cells with lower metabolism.\n\nSide note:\nCarbon monoxide prevents hemoglobin from releasing its oxygen creating an anoxic state.