what does the mesoderm tissue form that helps an organism to move?
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Hint: endoderm forms most of the digestive system, as well as other important organs\nEctoderm forms the tegument and the nervous system.\nWhat do you have that's between them?
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Arthropods have segmentation and jointed appendages (which some can use for exciting things like... flying or walking).\n\nhttp://www.sidwell.edu/us/science/vlb5/Labs/Classification_Lab/Eukarya/Animalia/\n\nor \n\nhttp://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/arthropods_toc_01\n\nCheers -
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Muscle is contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells. Its function is to produce force and cause motion, either locomotion or movement within internal organs. Much of muscle contraction occurs without conscious thought and is necessary for survival, like the contraction of the heart or peristalsis, which pushes food through the digestive system. Voluntary muscle contraction is used to move the body and can be finely controlled, such as movements of the finger or gross movements like the quadriceps muscle of the thigh.\n\nthe masseter or jaw muscle is the strongest human muscle
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Wow - tricky question because it goes at so many levels. I'll just keep increasing the detail and you read till you have enough.\n\nOkay - at the most obvious level:\n\nyour brain makes a decision to move (and that one is "why does the body move?") for whatever reason\n\nyour brain passes the message down through parts of the brain the relate to coordination and movement, memory etc and then the message goes down the spinal cord and winds up in the nerves to the sets of muscles. Then the muscles do it.\n\nIt's actually a little more complicated than just "bend my elbow" or "move your big toe" (Kill Bill fans - anyone?) because your brain sends the message to the biceps (in the front of your arm) to bend your elbow and also to the triceps (in the back of your arm) to pay out slack and let the elbow bend. You CAN send messages for both to contract and the elbow to stay rigid (isometric exercises).\n\nCertain parts of our brain are dedicated to coordination of these push/pull effects and allow one group of muscles to relax while the opposing group pull.\n\nThe muscles then pull on their attachment to the bones (the tendons) and then the bones move at the joints. This causes the body parts to move.\n\nOkay - let's learn about the muscle fibres and see how they actually do the movement. There's a good wiki page. Specifically, it has a good close up picture showing the actin and myosin proteins that make up the contractile elements of the muscle fibre.\n\nSLIDING FILAMENT MODEL\n\nIf you look at the close up picture, you will see that each contractile element is made up of long chains of ACTIN and MYOSIN. The Myosin being made up of a long chain of tropomyosin and a little troponin head.\n\nThis is, if you will imagine, a sort of a ratchet mechanism.\n\nIt forms a couple of sliding chains with lots of little troponin heads connecting the tropomyosin to the actin. In the picture of the sarcomere showing actin, myosin and titin you can see that the myosin is sort of double ended and pulls on two sets of actin.\n\nWhen stimulated by the nerve impulse (we'll get to that later) the myosin troponin heads waggle and "pull" the actin in and shorten the whole apparatus (the sarcomere).\n\nIn the normal resting state - the actin and the troponin heads are not actually bound together. It requires the presence of molecules of calcium to cause a change in the shape of the myosin head. This change in shape causes it to bind the actin filament and then "bend" thus pulling the actin and the myosin along each other. Remember that there are millions of the little blighters all binding at slightly different spots and all pulling along. The more of these you activate (again, controlled by the nerves) the more bind and pull you have and the stronger the contraction of your muscle.\n\nOkay - so how do you trigger it and where does the calcium come in? The calcium is stored in the muscle fibre in a spot called the "sarcoplasmic reticulum". These are arrange at each end of the sarcomere in conjunction with the transverse tubules ("T-Tubules") which penetrate the spaces between sarcomeres and allow electrical signal to flow rapidly all over the muscle fibre.\n\nThe trigger mechanism to cause the muscle to move comes from the NERVES. So let's take a look here to find out how this comes about.\n\nThe nerves which carry the signal from the brain, via the spinal cord, to the muscles all have a long process called the AXON which joins on to the muscle at a place called the Neuromuscular junction.\n\nThe axon makes and stores special chemicals called Neurotransmitters (usually Acetylcholine). When they get the signal to say "make this muscle go" they release the neurotransmitters which float across the teenie tiny space and land on the muscle fibre part (called an End Plate) and pass the signal on to the muscle.\n\nThe presence of the neurotransmitter molecules
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Characteristic of the epidermis of turbellarians are rhabdites, which are curved rods embedded in the epidermis.   Little is known about the function of rhabdites.   However, since they discharge to the exterior when the animals are stressed, a protective function is suggested.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parelaphostrongylus_tenuis\n\nMorphology\n\nRoundworms are triploblastic protostomes with a complete digestive system. Roundworms have no circulatory or respiratory systems so they use diffusion to breathe and for circulation of substances around their body. They are thin and are round in cross section, though they are actually bilaterally symmetric. Nematodes are one of the simplest animal groups to have a complete digestive system, with a separate orifice for food intake and waste excretion, a pattern followed by all subsequent, more complex animals. The body cavity is a pseudocoel (persistent blastula), which lacks the muscles of coelomate animals used to force food down the digestive tract. Nematodes thus depend on internal/external pressures and body movement to move food through their digestive tracts. The mouth is often surrounded by various flaps or projections used in feeding and sensation. The portion of the body past the anus or cloaca is called the "tail." The epidermis secretes a layered cuticle made of keratin that protects the body from drying out, from digestive juices, or from other harsh environments, as well as in some forms sporting projections such as cilia that aid in locomotion. Although this cuticle allows movement and shape changes via a hydrostatic skeletal system, it is very inelastic so does not allow the volume of the worm to increase. Therefore, as the worm grows, it has to moult and form new cuticles. The cuticles don't allow volume to increase so as to keep hydrostatic pressure inside the organism very high. For this reason, the roundworms do not possess circular muscles (just longitudinal ones) as they're not required. This hydrostatic pressure is the reason the roundworms are round.\nMost free-living nematodes are microscopic, though a few parasitic forms can grow to several meters in length. There are no circular muscles, so the body can only undulate from side to side. Contact with solid objects is necessary for locomotion; its thrashing motions vary from mostly to completely ineffective at swimming.\nRoundworms generally eat bacteria, algae, fungi and protozoans, although some are filter feeders. Excretion is through a separate excretory pore.\nReproduction is usually sexual. Males are usually smaller than females (often very much smaller) and often have a characteristically bent tail for holding the female for copulation. During copulation, one or more chitinized spicules move out of the cloaca and are inserted into genital pore of the female. Amoeboid sperm crawl along the spicule into the female worm.\nEggs may be embryonated or unembryonated when passed by the female, meaning that their fertilized eggs may not yet be developed. In free-living roundworms, the eggs hatch into larva, which eventually grow into adults; in parasitic roundworms, the life cycle is often much more complicated.\nRoundworms have a simple nervous system, with a main nerve cord running along the ventral side. Sensory structures at the anterior end are called amphids, while sensory structures at the posterior end are called phasmids.\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nematode\n\n\nHope that helps!
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An extention of the cell membrane which has the ability to move providing propulsion to the prokaryote
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(m)\n\nThe coleoptiles of grasses (like that of oat, the Avena - coleoptile) are popular test objects of plant physiology. A growing coleoptile that is illuminated unilaterally does grow towards the light source. This behaviour is common among plants and is known as phototropism. C. DARWIN (assisted by his son Francis DARWIN) attributed in his work "The Power of Movement in Plants" (1880) a decisive function in the recognition of a light stimulus to the coleoptile’s tip, and he observed that the actual bending occurs in a zone below the tip. He concluded that a transmission of impulse had to take place in the tissue. Studies of plant anatomical nature revealed that the growth towards light is caused by an elongation of the cells at the side that is shielded from the light. The phototropic reaction does not happen if the coleoptile’s tip is removed, though it can be induced again by the replacement of the tip. This indicates the existence of a substance that is spread from tip to bottom (basipetal direction) and that causes the elongation. \n\nThe Danish botanist P. BOYSEN-JENSEN interrupted the assumed substance flow by inserting a mica sheet into the shielded side thus separating the coleoptile’s tip from the tissue below (1913). The water-impermeable sheet interrupted the phototropic reaction. Consequently occurs no transport of the effector around the small tile. The phototropic reaction remained intact when the mica sheet was inserted into the illuminated side or along the coleoptile’s vertical axis. \n\nIn the late twenties was the material nature of the effector finally proved by the Dutch plant physiologist F. WENT. He assumed that a substance that flows from tip to bottom should also flow through a small cube of agar. In order to test his assumption did he place cut coleoptile tips with the cutting side on top of small cubes of agar. Some time later did he remove the tips and placed the agar cubes that he believed to contain the effector onto the decapitated coleoptiles
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The skeletal system of an organism is what gives it structure and form, and holds internal organs.
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1. Porifera (sponges), Cnidaria (jellyfish, coral polyps etc.), Ctenophora (comb-jellies), Placozoa (Trichoplax)\nIf we are speaking only about animals with distinct tissues, we must exclude Porifera.\n\n2. Mesoderm gives rise to muscle, connective tissue and circulatory system. So there are no specialized muscle cells (only "skin-muscle" cells) and no circulatory system in those animals. There are other parts that will be missing from those animals but not due to the lack of mesoderm - e.g., organ systems as such (even flatworms have defined digestive and excretory systems, for example).
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Agree with Mr. Brightside, the person before me.\n\nMuscle tissue is a group of muscle cells.\nMuscle tissue is what generally called as "meat" or "flesh".\nMuscle tissue is the most abundant tissue in the body.\nIt is composed of cells called muscle fibers.\n\n3 types of muscle tissue:\n\n1. Smooth muscle\nIt can be found in intestines, blood vessels, urinary and reproductive tracts.\n\n2. Skeletal muscle\nIt can be found in arms and legs.\n\n3. Cardiac muscle\nIt can be found in the walls of heart.\n\nSMOOTH MUSCLE\nContraction and relaxation of smooth muscles are responsible for involuntary body activities such as peristaltic movement along the digestive tract.\nSmooth muscles contract more slowly than skeletal muscles but remain contracted for a longer period of time.\n\nSKELETAL MUSCLE\nSkeletal muscles are involved in volutary movements. They contract and relax to move the bones.\n\nCARDIAC MUSCLE\nCardiac muscle contract to pump blood to all parts of the body. The contraction of cardiac muscles is involuntary.
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Many small organisms rely on ciliary or flagellar motion to move. These mechanisms only work efficiently at low dimensions, i.e. when the density and viscosity of the medium are more important than inertia (which is given by greater body mass).\nThere are also ameboidal movements, caused by relative displacement of citoskeletal elements. These movements are more common in single-celled organisms, but also in some of our own cells (some of the white blood cells, for example)
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Wow, so there are a few answers to this:\n\n-The apnuestic center in the brain controls repirations.\n\n-The diaphragm is the muscle that helps move the lungs up and down. \n\n-The sudden drop in negative pressure in our chest cavity that signals our lungs to take a breath in once we have enhaled the last breath out.
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So lets learn cell structure. We are made of cells. Cells form tissues and tissues form organs and organs form systems and systems make the organism so we are made from cells (Microbes.). Or if you want to be very specific and start from everything before atoms then We are made up of Gluon cells inside atoms.The structure of a cell is a cytoplasm or liquid bag in the center. Cell tissue inside most of it and and a nucleus inside the cytoplasm. I hope sincerely that this answers your question.
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cells join to create tissues\ntissues join to create organs\norgans combine to create organ systems\norgan systems join to create organisms\n\ntheres two months of Biology for me, summed up right there
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I think it's protein. Because most of the human organ need protein to be form. The human organ, including heart are consist of cells, and they need protein to regenerate, I think this also happens when they were formed in fetus period.
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Morphogenesis (from the Greek morphê shape and genesis creation) is one of three fundamental aspects of developmental biology along with the control of cell growth and cellular differentiation. Morphogenesis is concerned with the shapes of tissues, organs and entire organisms and the positions of the various specialized cell types. Cell growth and differentiation can take place in cell culture or inside of tumor cell masses without the normal morphogenesis that is seen in an intact organism. The study of morphogenesis involves an attempt to understand the processes that control the organized spatial distribution of cells that arises during the embryonic development of an organism and which give rise to the characteristic forms of tissues, organs and overall body anatomy. In the human embryo, the change from a cluster of nearly identical cells at the blastula stage to a post-gastrulation embryo with structured tissues and organs is controlled by the genetic "program" and can be modified by environmental factors.\n\nSome of the earliest ideas on how physical and mathematical processes and constraints affect biological growth were written by D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson and Alan Turing. These works postulated the presence of chemical signals and physico-chemical processes such as diffusion, activation and deactivation in cellular and organismic growth. The fuller understanding of the mechanisms involved in actual organisms required the discovery of DNA and the development of molecular biology and biochemistry. More recently, Lawrence Edwards succeeded in applying the path curves of projective geometry to provide a rigorous mathematical description of biological forms such as eggs, buds and cones.\n\nMore info visit