what are the importance of standards in the computer industry? and what are LAN standards?
139999
Didn't you ask this same question yesterday?  If there were no standards, then parts wouldn't be interchangeable.  Also, for LAN standards, do a search on TCP/IP subnetting.
853061
In a computernetwork all the systems may be physically avaialble in an area which covers it. In a distributed system environment physical presence pays less importance.
840858
yes! \n\nnetwork server and/or a mainframe computer. Both are considered "computers" basically.
82782
About Wired LANs\n\nWired LANs use Ethernet cables and network adapters. Although two computers can be directly wired to each other using an Ethernet crossover cable, wired LANs generally also require central devices like hubs, switches, or routers to accommodate more computers. \nFor dial-up connections to the Internet, the computer hosting the modem must run Internet Connection Sharing or similar software to share the connection with all other computers on the LAN. Broadband routers allow easier sharing of cable modem or DSL Internet connections, plus they often include built-in firewall support. \n\nInstallation\nEthernet cables must be run from each computer to another computer or to the central device. It can be time-consuming and difficult to run cables under the floor or through walls, especially when computers sit in different rooms. Some newer homes are pre-wired with CAT5 cable, greatly simplifying the cabling process and minimizing unsightly cable runs. \nThe correct cabling configuration for a wired LAN varies depending on the mix of devices, the type of Internet connection, and whether internal or external modems are used. However, none of these options pose any more difficulty than, for example, wiring a home theater system. \n\nAfter hardware installation, the remaining steps in configuring either wired or wireless LANs do not differ much. Both rely on standard Internet Protocol and network operating system configuration options. Laptops and other portable devices often enjoy greater mobility in wireless home network installations (at least for as long as their batteries allow). \n\nCost\nEthernet cables, hubs and switches are very inexpensive. Some connection sharing software packages, like ICS, are free; some cost a nominal fee. Broadband routers cost more, but these are optional components of a wired LAN, and their higher cost is offset by the benefit of easier installation and built-in security features. \nReliability\nEthernet cables, hubs and switches are extremely reliable, mainly because manufacturers have been continually improving Ethernet technology over several decades. Loose cables likely remain the single most common and annoying source of failure in a wired network. When installing a wired LAN or moving any of the components later, be sure to carefully check the cable connections. \nBroadband routers have also suffered from some reliability problems in the past. Unlike other Ethernet gear, these products are relatively new, multi-function devices. Broadband routers have matured over the past several years and their reliability has improved greatly. \n\nPerformance\nWired LANs offer superior performance. Traditional Ethernet connections offer only 10 Mbps bandwidth, but 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet technology costs little more and is readily available. Although 100 Mbps represents a theoretical maximum performance never really achieved in practice, Fast Ethernet should be sufficient for home file sharing, gaming, and high-speed Internet access for many years into the future. \nWired LANs utilizing hubs can suffer performance slowdown if computers heavily utilize the network simultaneously. Use Ethernet switches instead of hubs to avoid this problem; a switch costs little more than a hub. \n\nSecurity\nFor any wired LAN connected to the Internet, firewalls are the primary security consideration. Wired Ethernet hubs and switches do not support firewalls. However, firewall software products like ZoneAlarm can be installed on the computers themselves. Broadband routers offer equivalent firewall capability built into the device, configurable through its own software.\n\nAbout Wireless LANs\nPopular WLAN technologies all follow one of the three main Wi-Fi communication standards. The benefits of wireless networking depend on the standard employed: \n802.11b was the first standard to be widely used in WLANs. \nThe 802.11a standard is faster but more expensive than 802.11b; 802.11a is more commonly found in busi
104918
hey dude, r u joking.\nIf not, then read this paragraph.\n\nNetwork in computer is that, where we can communicate 2 or more than 2 computer to each other.And this technology is called Networking.\n\nThere are so many method for networking.\nAs workgroup level,Domain level .Peer to peer netwoking etc.\n\nWhen we use internet, then there is also a need of network.\nbut here is a wireless network used.\n\nGood luck!!!!!!!!!!!
371405
ATM is a complex technology. There are tons of standards covering various aspects of ATM [2]. One can imagine that the complexity is pretty much due to the nature of ATM of trying to be one-solution-fits-all, technology from LAN to WAN, for all data types. The connection-orientation also largely contributes to the overall complexity, because it requires the existence of specific signalling and routing protocols. The complexity is driven by the powerful capabilites in ATM, but not all need them.\nWhile there are many standards, some parts of the technology had to wait standardation for a long time, and this slowed down the adoption of the technology. The PNNI-interface was not standarded until 1996, and being a major interface between public ATM networks, the interoperability between public networks was not possible. Interoperability is still an issue.\n\nIn contrast, the beauty of Ethernet is its simplicity. Only a few standards cover the whole technology. The technology is easy to understand and deploy. This is the primary reason for the popularity and wide adoption of Ethernet.\n\nA great benefit for ATM is that it is independent of the underlying transport mechanism. ATM does not define Media Access Control (MAC) mechanism (lower part of datalink layer, the other being LLC) or the physical layer, whereas Ethernet does define these. As a consequence, ATM can run on top of different transport mechanisms and can adapt to new transport technologies and greater speeds. Without physical independency, the final goal of ATM running everywhere would simply be impossible.\n\nThe original Ethernet technology has been available since 1976 [14]. ATM technology has been utilized since 1994, USA and Finland being the first countries [12]. By looking at these years, we can say that Ethernet technology is more mature than ATM. However, the comparison nowadays is done between Gigabit Ethernet and ATM, and Gigabit Ethernet is surely less mature of these two. Gigabit Ethernet Alliance was formed in 1996 to develop and standardize the technology. On the other hand, the standardization has been speedier for Ethernet, and people speaking for Gigabit Ethernet say that building on the original well-proven principles, Gigabit Ethernet should pose little technical problems.\n\nOnly a few applications have been developed for ATM. In addition of lacking native applications taking true advantage of ATM, there are few experts on ATM in the field. \n\nBandwidth\nATM offered massive bandwidth at the time it was introduced. Speeds of 155 Mbps and awesome 622 Mbps attracted people to ATM. It was seen that once the need for greater bandwidths arises, Ethernet LANs get replaced with ATM networks. The speed of 25 Mbps was proposed as the bandwidth to the desktop, but in practise is was not worth going from 10 Mbps Ethernet to 25 Mbps ATM, mostly for economical reasons.\nAfter two upgrades, Ethernet fights back. ATM can no longer compete in pure speed. The routing and switching technology has improved and ATM alone can't take advantage of simple and fast hardware switching. The new gigabit speeds put burden on the back-end servers, and the server processing speed is becoming the bottleneck rather than the network.\n\nAn important point to make is that the actual bandwidth for the payload is always smaller than the full transmission speed of the medium. This is because the protocols and their headers eat up some of the total bandwidth, and there usually exists a couple layers of protocols. \n\n Scalability\nOne important benefit of ATM is that ATM can be used as both LAN and WAN technologies. The original idea of ATM was the concept of spanning over LAN/MAN/WAN, and utilizing the same protocol over the entire network, eliminating the requirement for routers and gateways. This vision has not materialized. Instead, of these, the WAN has proven to be ATM's strong suit. "Despite the talk about Gigabit Ethernet displacing it, ATM continues to be a great f
608
Many organizations utilize wireless local area networks (WLAN) because of their convenience. The trade-off made is convenience for speed. Today’s most advanced wireless standard, IEEE 802.11g, operates at roughly half the speed of the most common 100 Mbit/s wired LAN. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) began to address this speed differential in the middle of 2003. Their vision was IEEE 802.11n, which would provide speeds equal to or greater than 100 Mbit/s LANs. Their work has yet to be completed. The lack of approval has led some to release so-called Pre-N equipment, which seeks to give the benefits of the 802.11n standard without an official standard. Because there is no official standard, implementing these products has future implications to customers.\n\n\nStandards\n\nStandards are made for very specific reasons. Foremost, they ensure that devices can operate with devices made by other manufacturers. Essentially, when a company releases a product before the ratification of the standard, they must infer what the IEEE is going to set. These inferences mean that the product may be incompatible with the final standard. If this does occur, an organization may be locked in to purchasing only identical hardware to that which they own. This would ensure compatibility.\n\n\nImplications\n\nAnother possibility if incompatibility exists is the release of an upgrade. The company would not be required to release updates, but if it did, there would be considerable work for the support groups. This may include individually upgrading each device, a very time consuming proposition. Despite the time commitment, an upgrade would be the most responsible course of action for the company because the customers would be able to choose any 802.11n solution for their purposes.\n\n\nImplementation\n\nIf an organization chooses to implement the Pre-N technology, the theory is the same as previous wireless network implementations. The setup would most likely begin with a router. This would be hard-wired to the Internet connection. There are also wired ports on the rear of the router. These allow any wired device to be included on the network. The router would then provide access to any device in its range with a compatible network interface card (NIC.) Currently, NICs exist for both desktop computers and notebook computers.\n\n\nAdvantages/Conclusions\n\nThe advantages to using this technology are clear. It will allow computers to connect easily to wireless networks, without sacrificing the speed possible with a wired connection. Another concern that comes up is that gigabit Ethernet is also available. If an organization were to implement this, 802.11n would again be just one-tenth of the speed. The implementation of any wireless network must be carefully considered. Regardless of which standard is followed, the security threats are common. Data is still being broadcast over radio frequencies. Before deciding whether to use Pre-N technology, one must first decide whether wireless is appropriate for their application. Only then should 802.11n be considered.
724814
CCNA is good (its a network certification though).  MCDBA is ok.  To be honest with you, its better to be an Oracle certified, its much more respected.  I took the first course for the MCDBA and my professor taught us 11th grade information such as what is a bit? what is an ethernet? so I rather learn that from work experience than pay for mcdba courses.
122381
Take a look at the research section at the big IT companies.  Microsoft is doing some funky research into better integration of the human and the computer, you'll have to read it because I won't post what it does here.  There is also a research project that in simple terms turns a watch into a portable health monitoring system.\n\nW3C when it comes to the internet and applications communicating always have future projects, some of which will become the standards.\n\nDepending on what part of IT(HW, SW, Client Server, etc) you find thte top companies, universities and federal government sites for such and you'll get a good peek into the future.\n\nRight noew everything XML/SOAP based for programming and IL is hot, along with security, InfoCard is the latest.\n\nIL is Interop languages, basically it doesn't matter what language the program was written in, run it thru an IL and they all can interoperate with each other because at that level, they all speak the same language.
313222
I have no idea.  This is the computer networking area.  Please resubmit your question in the appropriate area.  Thanks.
849102
LAN (Local Area Network)\n-Is a network that's usually within an area of 1km.\n-Privately owned N/Ws\n-Widely used to connect PCs & workstations in offices & factories to share resources & exchange info\n-They are disyinguished from other kinds of N/Ws by 3 characteristics: size, transmission technology & topology.\n-Often use transmission technology consisting of a single cable to which all machines are attached.\n-Have speeds of upto 100mbps\n\nMAN (Metropolitan Area N/W)\n-Is simply a larger version of LAN & can be within a city/upto an area of 10kms.\n-Might cover a group of nearby corporate offices & might be private/public.\n-Can support both data & voice & might even be related to the local cable TV N/W\n\nWAN (Wide Area N/W)\n-Spans a large geographical area, often a country/continent.\n-The Internet is a WAN\n-A WAN contains a collection of machines intended for running user programs\n-Transmission speed is low & error rate is high\n-Connected using telephone cables/satellites \n-Are public
216241
a lan can provide for you so many things ..... sharing songs programes  .... and games and all other stuff like working ....
1171285
yes, if they have network capability - what kind of computers are you talking about?
84988
It's a synchronization standards that Hyperterminal uses to link into equipment attached to the computer via LAN cable (CAT 5).  9600 or 9.6K is the rate (or clock speed) that the computer will talk to the piece of equipment it's attached to.  No parity refers to a control singal need for a data transmit  link, and one stop bit refers to a special bit sent to/from the computer to determine  when transmission has begun and when it has stopped.
874101
what does this have to do with computer networking?
324017
Good Luck!  I work for a major telecom and our folks who define IT standards are almost anti-opensource.  I get the impression that the decision makers are under the impression that if it doesn't anything, it can't be a decent product.
11701
network, in computing, two or more computers connected for the purpose of routing, managing, and storing rapidly changing data. A local area network (LAN), which is restricted by distances of up to one mile, and a metropolitan area network (MAN), which is restricted to distances of up to 60 miles, connect personal computers and workstations (each called a node) over dedicated, private communications links. A wide area network (WAN) connects large numbers of nodes over long-distance communications links, such as common carrier telephone lines, over distances ranging from that between major metropolitan centers to that between continents. An internet is a connection between networks. The Internet is a WAN that connects thousands of disparate networks in the U.S., Canada, Europe, Asia, and elsewhere, providing global communication between nodes on government, educational, and industrial networks. Networks allow for resource sharing (e.g., multiple computers sharing one printer), data sharing, and communication or data exchange (e.g., electronic mail).\n\n\n--\nhi, i have noticed that you are not voting for the answers that you recieve. I think that is good, as that ways, you encourage people to coem back and answer you, as 1. you help them make points by voting for their answers, 2. everyone wants to know what was considered the best answer by you, though it might not be their own.\nSo, do that. keep asking and answering!\n--