what are macromolecules?
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# Large molecules in biological systems namely proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides.\nwww.whatislife.com/glossary.htm\n\n# large single chemical entities such as pieces of DNA or RNA.\nwww.biologylessons.sdsu.edu/classes/lab3/glossary.html\n\n# A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass.\nen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macromolecule\n\nA macromolecule is a molecule with a large molecular mass, but generally the use of the term is restricted to polymers and molecules which structurally include polymers. [1]\n\nMany examples come from biology and in particular biochemistry. These include proteins, starches, lipids and nucleic acids (such as DNA), which are sometimes called "biomacromolecules" or biopolymers. Synthetic examples include plastics. The integral domains of crystals and metals, while composed of very large numbers of atoms joined by molecule-like bonds, are rarely referred to as "macromolecules."\n\nThe term macromolecule is also sometimes used to refer to aggregates of two or more macromolecules held together by intermolecular forces rather than by chemical "bonds". This usage is common in particular when the individual macromolecules involved aggregate or "assemble" spontaneously and rarely exist in isolation. Such an aggregate is more properly called a macromolecular complex. In such a context, individual macromolecules are often referred to as subunits (see e.g. protein subunit).\n\nSubstances that are composed of macromolecules often have unusual physical properties. The properties of liquid crystals and such elastomers as rubber are examples. Although too small to see, individual pieces of DNA in solution can be broken in two simply by suctioning the solution through an ordinary straw. This is not true of smaller molecules. The 1964 edition of Linus Pauling's College Chemistry asserted that DNA in nature is never longer than about 5000 base pairs. This is because biochemists were inadvertently and with perfect consistency breaking their samples into pieces. In fact, the DNA of chromosomes can be tens of millions of base pairs long.\n\nAnother common macromolecular property that does not characterize smaller molecules is the need for assistance in dissolving into solution. Many require salts or particular ions to dissolve in water. Proteins will denature if the solute concentration of their solution is too high or too low.
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Through a process called translation in which the information contained in nucleic acids (DNA & RNA) are converted into a protein sequence. This process is done on piece of cellular machinery called the ribosome.
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Carbohydrates are sugar polymers or sugar molecules.\n\nThere are two major kinds of sugar polymers, starch (called carbohydrates in dietary context) and cellulose (called fibre in that context). However, the term carbohydrates includes all sugars, too.\n\nThe body breaks down the more complex carbohydrates into sugars which can be transported to the cells or to the liver for storage. In the liver, the sugars will be combined to form starch, which in turn will be broken down again when the body requires more energy than blood sugar levels can provide.
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Molecules are made of atoms
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Do you mean the molecular composition or macroscopic composition? There would be too much to post here so I suggest you visit the following\n\nhttp://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/B/Blood.html#formation
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Proteins:\nAny of a group of complex organic macromolecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and usually sulfur and are composed of one or more chains of amino acids. Proteins are fundamental components of all living cells and include many substances, such as enzymes, hormones, and antibodies, that are necessary for the proper functioning of an organism. They are essential in the diet of animals for the growth and repair of tissue and can be obtained from foods such as meat, fish, eggs, milk, and legumes.\n\nNucleic Acid:\nAny of a group of organic substances found in the chromosomes of living cells and viruses that play a central role in the storage and replication of hereditary information and in the expression of this information through protein synthesis. In most organisms, nucleic acids occur in combination with proteins; the combined substances are called nucleoproteins. Nucleic acid molecules are complex chains of varying length. The two chief types of nucleic acids are DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which carries the hereditary information from generation to generation, and RNA (ribonucleic acid), which delivers the instructions coded in this information to the cell's protein manufacturing sites.\n\nHope tht helped
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"A ribosome is an organelle composed of RNA and ribosomal proteins (known as a Ribonucleoprotein or RNP). It translates mRNA into a polypeptide chain (e.g., a protein)."\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosome
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A glycoprotein is a macromolecule composed of a protein and a carbohydrate (an oligosaccharide). The carbohydrate is attached to the protein in a cotranslational or posttranslational modification. The addition of sugar chains can happen either at asparagine, and is termed N-glycosylation, or at hydroxylysine, hydroxyproline, serine, or threonine, and is termed O-glycosylation. Possible carbohydrates include glucose, glucosamine, galactose, galactosamine, mannose, fucose, and sialic acid.
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the problem to this question is that who will decide the limit of structures, look..!  if you\ntalk about chromosomes then chromatids are also structures similaly genes and then DNA &\nthen centromere & then histone protein........\nat last this discussions come to end at an atom\nbut i still say electrons and protons .........\nso it is difficult :\nanyway i think that ribosomes may be considred as smalles functional alive \norgenelli of the cell
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A monosacharide is one that has not condensed with other sugars to make a disaccharide or a polysaccharide.  If you polymerize glucose, you get glycogen, which is created by the condensation of many glucose molecules together.  Starch and fiber etc. are polymers (polysaccharides, meaning "many sugars") containing many linked subunits, and the subunits are each called monosaccharides (literally, "one sugar").
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Proteins, including enzymes.
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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions for the biological development of a cellular form of life or a virus. All known cellular life and some viruses have DNAs. DNA is a long polymer of nucleotides (a polynucleotide) that encodes the sequence of amino acid residues in proteins, using the genetic code.
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Amino acids.\n\nOH, I thought you asked what they are made OF. Sorry - Ribosomes!
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The DNA which carries genetic information in cells is normally packaged in the form of one or more large macromolecules called chromosomes.
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1)electron ...(also negative meson)\n2)the atom is the basic (many atoms make molecule and so on)\n3)polymer (the most famous are protiens)
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First of all, do you know what a molecule is?\n\nA molecule is the smallest particle of a substance (that still has the same chemical and physical properties of the substance) that is composed of 2 or more atoms.  Atoms are held together by a number of chemical forces, including a wide variety of bonds.\n\nAn inorganic molecule is a molecule from a substance that is non-living.  It is not composed of organic (living) matter, and often times that means it will not contain carbon, as carbon (C) is the main element of organic molecules.
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study of the substances found in living organisms, and of the chemical reactions underlying life processes. This science is a branch of both chemistry and biology; the prefix bio- comes from bios, the Greek word for “life.” The chief goal of biochemistry is to understand the structure and behavior of biomolecules. These are the carbon-containing compounds that make up the various parts of the living cell and carry out the chemical reactions that enable it to grow, maintain and reproduce itself, and use and store energy.\n\nA vast array of biomolecules is present in the cell. The structure of each biomolecule determines in what chemical reactions it is able to participate, and hence what role it plays in the cell's life processes. Among the most important classes of biomolecules are nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.\n\nNucleic acids are responsible for storing and transferring genetic information. They are enormous molecules made up of long strands of subunits, called bases, that are arranged in a precise sequence. These are “read” by other components of the cell and used as a guide in making proteins.\n\nProteins (see Protein) are large molecules built up of small subunits called amino acids. Using only 20 different amino acids, a cell constructs thousands of different proteins, each of which has a highly specialized role in the cell. The proteins of greatest interest to biochemists are the enzymes (see Enzyme), which are the “worker” molecules of the cell. These enzymes serve as promoters, or catalysts, of chemical reactions.\n\nCarbohydrates (see Carbohydrate) are the basic fuel molecules of the cell. They contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in approximately equal amounts. Green plants and some bacteria use a process known as photosynthesis to make simple carbohydrates (sugars) from carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight. Animals, however, obtain their carbohydrates from foods. Once a cell possesses carbohydrates, it may break them down to yield chemical energy or use them as raw material to produce other biomolecules.\n\nLipids are fatty substances that play a variety of roles in the cell. Some are held in storage for use as high-energy fuel; others serve as essential components of the cell membrane.\n\nBiomolecules of many other types are also found in cells. These compounds perform such diverse duties as transporting energy from one location in the cell to another, harnessing the energy of sunlight to drive chemical reactions, and serving as helper molecules (cofactors) for enzyme action. All these biomolecules, and the cell itself, are in a state of constant change. In fact, a cell cannot maintain its health unless it is continually forming and breaking down proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids; repairing damaged nucleic acids; and using and storing energy. These active, energy-linked processes of change are collectively called metabolism. One major aim of biochemistry is to understand metabolism well enough to predict and control changes that occur in cells. Biochemical studies have yielded such benefits as treatments for many metabolic diseases, antibiotics to combat bacteria, and methods to boost industrial and agricultural productivity. These advances have been augmented in recent years by the use of genetic engineering techniques.