flow chart pathophysiology of hyperkalemia?
155263
If you wanna know how hyperkalemia causes problems here it is:\nNormal serum potassium : 3.5 - 5.5 mmol/L\n\n> 5.5 mmol/L = hyperkalemia\n\nHyperkalemia = excess Sr. K i.e. excess potassium in extracellular fluid (fluid out side the cells- includess blood etc)\n\nExcess K in ECF ---> higher inward gradient ----> more K goes into the cell -----> hyperpolarises the cell ---> the cell takes longer or is not easily depolarised ----> so u get cardiac arrest, muscle paralysis, paralytic ileus, etc.
91184
D - it can cause hyperpolarization or depolarization of membrane
1067244
Check with your doctor, could be low potassium, poor circulation, or trauma to muscles after exercise ,etc.
1132997
Anemia, build-up of CO2 in the bloodstream, poor inspiratory effort, pnemonia
1048037
Drink 15 glasses of water a day, eat bananas & other fruits for the Potassium 2 a day. Fish oil, Sardines Salmon Omega-3's, Magnesium Gluconate- Relaxes arteries,Coenzyme Q 10-nutrient, Walk 30 minutes aerobic 4 times a week,Hawthorn 250 milligrams extract daily and finally Garlic 2 or 3 cloves a day minimum
532639
I believe in a generalized fashion the equation for flow rate is:\n\nFlowrate = K*(cv)*((p)^.5)\n\nK = a variable to adjust for various fluids
247085
Hey...if you are talking to a stroke group, addressing salt "toxicity" is not really what you want.  Salt toxicity occurs in people with renal problems or others with very high exposure to salt (usually intravenous).  Another word for such toxicity is called hypernatremia and has nothing to do with stroke.\n\nI believe what you are after is to convince these people about salt's negative impact on their stroke risk.  That's admirable and you should do it by linking salt intake to high blood pressure, which then increases the risk of stroke, rather than toxicity.  I like your idea of visually representing the salt intake and I'd do it this way.  A common recommendation for salt intake in people with high cardiovascular risk factors (like stroke victims) is to consume no more than 2 grams of salt a day.  The less the better really, so just show them, say, what one gram of salt looks like.  We know that an average American consumes about 4-5 grams of salt every day.  So you make a 5 gram pile of salt next to that.  That educates them how much they are overeating, rather than tells what would kill them like you wanted to show with the toxic dose (more practical that way, I think).  Then you can suggest the changes, namely to never use a salt shaker (there is more than enough salt in food already), avoid processed foods, avoid canned foods (including veggies...use frozen instead), avoid junk food etc.  Good take away message for everyone would be...look at the label...if it contains more than 250 mg of sodium / serving -- forget it.  Hope that helps!
101639
http://www.ajtmh.org/cgi/content/abstract/72/4/478\n\nthis article may interest you.
90170
I personally found Berne & Levy's 'Principles of Physiology' (3rd ed) to be the most straightforward and adequate book for precisely this subject (CV function). The book isn't too good (but not bad either) on most other subjects, but precisely the CVS chapter is very easy reading, well diagrammed, etc. (as compared to Guyton for example)
742633
in addition to the wikipedia page\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potassium_chloride\n\nhere is some additional info\nhttp://www.ucc.ie/academic/chem/dolchem/html/comp/kcl.html\nhttp://www.answers.com/topic/potassium-chloride\nhttp://www.hastand.com/specs-potchl.html
558023
http://medlib.med.utah.edu/kw/ecg/ecg_outline/Lesson11/index.html\n\nhttp://www.cvphysiology.com/Arrhythmias/A009.htm\n\nthis is my answers
312622
Wow, asking other people to do your homework is pretty bold. On the other hand if you're offering God's blessing...\nHere's something to get started with:\n1) answered by question #2\n3)think about how osmosis works\n5)Diabetes/Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) hopefull this will inform answers to the other questions\n8) What does polyuria mean? What is urine made out of? Where does it come from? \n11) If you are hypovolemic (dehydrated), what do you need? Furthermore, if the reason you are hypovolemic is beacuse your cells can't take up glucose, and therefore your blood sugar is high, and therefore you're peeing out all your water, what do you need to fix?
900646
she is s__-ing you\ntoo much potassium will cause electrolyte imbalance.. heart, kidney problems\nBut oral consumption of bananas would have to be tremendous to do any permanent damage
777381
Levels of potassium within the cells is much higher than the extra cellular tissues. A burn victim has a lot of tissue damage. When this tissue becomes damaged, the cells have been lysed and spill this additional potassium into the blood stream. The kidneys will pick up on this increase in extra cellular potassium (because that is what they are able to monitor) and will actively pump this potassium out of their body trying to bring them back to homeostasis. Hope this helps. Thanks.
209476
First, off... why is your potassium level low?  A normal blood range for potassium is 3.5-5.0  What is yours?  An extremely low or high potassium level is extremely serious/dangerous.\n\nNormally a low potassium is caused by diuretics (some make you excrete potassium faster than you normally would), or by vomiting/diarrhea.  I'm assuming that yours is low because of diuretics.\n\nYour doctor should have given you information on how to eat a potassium rich diet if he/she put you on such a medication.  I've attached a link to a website that breaks down the potassium levels for various foods.\n\nGood Luck!
975033
Hyperkalemia can be asymptomatic, meaning that it causes no symptoms. Sometimes, patients with hyperkalemia report vague symptoms including nausea, fatigue, muscle weakness, or tingling sensations. More serious symptoms of hyperkalemia include slow heartbeat and weak pulse. Severe hyperkalemia can result in fatal cardiac standstill (heart stoppage). \n\nShe should have her doctor check her potassium level, not all diuretics cause you to lose a lot of potassium.  If her levels of potassium are low without a supplement, then her doctor can prescribe a dose based on her potassium level.  The dose is different for every one.\n\nIf she is worried she over-medicated and is having symptoms, she needs to call her doctor right now.
356247
Well, assuming that you know "how to get an 'a'", the following search should help you learn the concepts of flow charting.  Please note that flow charts are not identical to hierarchical diagram by any means.  The second search should render information on that.  I hope that this will help you out.