what is sympathetic stimulation?
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Generally, the Sympathetic pathways of the Autonomic Nervous System are sympathetic to the body's needs at times of 'stress'.\nSo for example, the increase in carbon dioxide levels as exercise begins is the stimulus to ...
1080801
Try reading the book: Mobilisation of the Nervous System by David S. Butler, Mark A. Jones
801883
Neural stimulus of the endocrine organ (eg. sympathetic nerve stimulus of adrenal gland to release adrenaline/epinephrine)\n\nIntrinsic stimulus by organ itself (eg. parathyroid glands react to low serum Ca levels & release parathyroid hormone)\n\nHormonal stimulus of the organ (eg. pituitary gland releases thyroid stimulating hormone to act on the thyroid gland to release growth hormone)
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Blushing is caused by sudden arousal of the sympathetic nervous system, which dilates the small blood vessels of the face and body
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"It’s our body's natural response to environmental or emotional stimulation: the heart beats faster, there may be sweating and occasional light-headedness.  Because of the increased blood flow through the tiny vessels under the skin, the face gets hot and turns scarlet."
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I looked it up. It sounds like Phentermine.\nPhentermine is a sympathomimetic amine, which is similar to an amphetamine. It is also known as an "anorectic" or "anorexigenic" drug. Phentermine stimulates the central nervous system (nerves and brain), which increases your heart rate and blood pressure and decreases your appetite.\n\nPhentermine is used as a short-term supplement to diet and exercise in the treatment of obesity.\n\nPhentermine may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
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Epinephrine plays a central role in the short-term stress reaction—the physiological response to threatening, exciting or environmental stressor conditions such as high noise levels or bright light (see Fight-or-flight response). It is secreted by the adrenal medulla. When released into the bloodstream, epinephrine binds to multiple receptors and has numerous effects throughout the body. It increases heart rate and stroke volume, dilates the pupils, and constricts arterioles in the skin and gut while dilating arterioles in leg muscles. It elevates the blood sugar level by increasing hydrolysis of glycogen to glucose in the liver, and at the same time begins the breakdown of lipids in adipocytes. Epinephrine has a suppressive effect on the immune system.\n\nEpinephrine is used as a drug to promote peripheral vascular resistance via alpha-stimulated vasoconstriction in cardiac arrest and other cardiac dysrhythmias resulting in diminished or absent cardiac output, such that blood is shunted to the body's core. This beneficial action comes with a significant negative consequence—increased cardiac irritability—which may lead to additional complications immediately following an otherwise successful resuscitation. Alternatives to this treatment include vasopressin, a powerful antidiuretic which also increases peripheral vascular resistance leading to blood shunting via vasoconstriction, but without the attendant increase to myocardial irritability.\n\nBecause of its suppressive effect on the immune system, epinephrine is used to treat anaphylaxis and sepsis. Allergy patients undergoing immunotherapy may receive an epinephrine rinse before the allergen extract is administered, thus reducing the immune response to the administered allergen. It is also used as a bronchodilator for asthma if specific beta-2-adrenergic agonists are unavailable or ineffective. Adverse reactions to epinephrine include palpitations, tachycardia, anxiety, headache, tremor, hypertension, and acute pulmonary edema.\n\nA pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal gland (or, rarely, the ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system), which secretes excessive amounts of catecholamines, usually epinephrine.
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It contains stuff that increase the activity in stomack-muscles. Like caffein too for instance
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It is about negative feedback which involves:\n\n* Sense that temp has deviated from the homeostatic set point\n* That message is sent to the integrating system in the brain\n* Then an action potential is sent to the effector target to stimulate    muscles contraction to get the temp back up to the set point
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Simply and briefly put, "tachycardia" means an extremely rapid heart rate, usually signified by a pulse rate of over 100 beats per minute (bpm). \n\nSo, Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is clinically defined as a heart rate increase of 30 bpm or more from the supine (laying down) to the standing position within ten minutes or less.
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Hey armchair philosopher.  You do get 'interesting' answers here!  Your question is quite interesting too.  The biomedical research world is very busy 'as we speak' researching these issues.  A large number of neuropeptides, polypeptide signaling molecules, cytokines, etc. are now known to interact with virtually all the cells of the body, including the liver.  This 'reality' is often reflected in the scientific 'game' of calling a variety of integrated systems one system (e.g. the "psycho-neuro-immuno-gastrointestinal-endocrine system").\n\nA more significant question might be 'which (if any) neurotransmitters and polypeptide signaling molecules Are Not involved in liver function?".\n\nI realize I have not truly answered your question.  But it is way too complex to answer and (paradoxically) there is too little clear info. on which to base a more specific answer.\n\nI will offer one 'example' of an interaction between emotions and liver function.  An emotional stressor will induce CRF secretion from the Hypothalamus, which in turn stimulates ACTH secretion from the Pituitary (both of these hormones are polypeptides).  The ACTH is released into the blood system, travels to the adrenal cortex and stimulates synthesis and secretion of cortisol (a steroid hormone).  Cortisol travels through the blood to the liver where it stimulates gluconeogenesis.  So, emotions stimulated polypeptide production that eventually changed liver function.\n\nHope this is at least marginally helpful.  It was fun to think about how to give a useful answer to a tough, yet interesting question.\n\nBest wishes.
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Spinal\n\n\n\nErection is basically a spinal reflex that can be initiated by recruitment of penile afferents, but also by visual, olfactory, and imaginary stimuli. The reflex involves both autonomic and somatic efferents and is modulated by supraspinal influences. Several central transmitters involved in the erectile control have been identified. Dopamine, acetylcholine, nitric oxide (NO), and peptides, such as oxytocin and adrenocorticotropic/alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, seem to have a facilitatory role, whereas serotonin may be either facilitatory or inhibitory, and enkephalins are inhibitory.
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The placement of nerve endings, and stimulation of nerve endings
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It is a neurotransmitter in the catecholamine family that mediates chemical communication in the sympathetic nervous system, a branch of the autonomic nervous system. Like other neurotransmitters, it is released at synaptic nerve endings to transmit the signal from a nerve cell to other cells. Norepinephrine is almost identical in structure to epinephrine, which is released into the bloodstream from the adrenal medulla under sympathetic activation. The sympathetic nervous system functions in response to short-term stress; hence norepinephrine and epinephrine increase the heart rate as well as blood pressure. Other actions of norepinephrine include increased glycogenolysis (the conversion of glycogen to glucose) in the liver, increased lipolysis (the conversion of fats to fatty acids; in adipose (fat) tissue, and relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle to open up the air passages to the lungs. All of these actions represent a mobilization of the body's resources in order to meet the stressful challenge–such a response is often termed the "flight or fight" syndrome.
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What you are indicating is a highly inflamed area located basically at the base of the skull.. this will involve the cranial nerves. You have described some of the symptoms which are stimulated by those nerves. Also, when you have a repression of the sympathetic nervous system, you will have the over-all symptoms you have described.\n\nI am sure your doctor of Chiropractic will not touch you until he/she sees an x-ray of the area.. Inasmuch as you have been under care there before, it does indicate you have a chronic problem with your posture and your spine. It has actually been a chronic sub-acute condition which was brought to the acute state by your injury. When you tried to relieve the pressure of the upper neck, you encountered that highly inflamed area and set of the chain reaction you experienced; You now are experiencing an imbalance of the autonomic nervous system which can have a drastic effect on all the functions supplied by those 12 cranial nerves. The parasympathetic system has over-ridden the sympathetic (are supposed to balance each other) and this will create other symptoms which you have expressed..Even have become highly sensitive to lights. and perhaps your blood pressure has fallen a bit. The ramifications of the autonomic nervous system are quite diverse. All the vessels and other features controlled by dilation are now enacted..without anything to  balance them, to maintain a normal state.\n\nWould be very important to get your DC's opinion on your condition.
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I don't remember all of the physiology, but it actually triggers endorphine releases which chemically benefit your body.  If you laugh enough, it is the same idea as a runner's high.
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The dorsal root ganglion relays somatasesensory information from that afferent sensory nerve fibers to the spinal cord and ultimately sensory cortex of the brain in the parietal cortex.\n\nFor example, if you burn your little finger, the pain receptors will stimulate the sensory portion of the ulnar nerve. The ulnar nerve will "fire" with an action potential into the brachial plexus and those cords will carry that stimulation up to the dorsal root ganglions at the specific cervical levels for the ulnar nerve (C7 & C8 ish). The dorsal root will relay that stimulus to the dorsal sensory tracts of the spinal cord where it will head toward the brain; crossing over to the opposite side of the head at the brainstem.