How do we increase understanding of kids who's age between 4 to 5 year?
141844
No baby talk.  Talk to them like you would an adult.  They come up so speed quick.
798402
Children in this age range have not yet grasped abstract thoughts.  A problem in a book is not real to them, until they see it in a concrete form.  They will not get 2 + 2 = 4 until they physically count something that shows them how it works.  They can touch and see 2 apples and 2 apples put together to make 4 apples.  Then they can relate it to what is on paper.\n\nSome people learn best in this way throughout their life, but most will later grasp the more abstract thoughts.\n\nSue
1055068
All of the answers that you have been given so far are good!!  I am an elementary teacher and one thing that I would ask is that you teach your child how to follow directions. You would be suprised how many children have a hard time listening and following simple directions.
156795
Hi, I was an early childhood major so hopefully I can help you out.  Kindergarten is becoming increasingly academic.  Working with him is a great idea!  However, preschoolers were not made to sit down and do worksheets.  Try to play some active learning games with him, that engage him and make him think.  Read, read, read!  Read to him everyday.  Try to ask him a lot of open-ended questions.  Preschoolers need to discover for themselves (with close supervision).  If he wants to know where mud comes from, make it.  You can also practice writing letters with him in the sand, by cutting letters out of magazines, using seeds and glue...anything you can think of.  Worksheets are good in some cases but there are a lot more things you can do that are more "developmentally appropriate".  I have included two links in the resource section that you should visit.  These are excellent and free publications from the United States Department of Education based upon years and years of research that would be perfect for you to read.\n\nHope that helped!
486811
Lots of supervision still needed at this age but they think they are independent and love feeling like a big kid. I would say this is in general, a jello phase. You have to start instilling kids as soon as possible with good habits, just like you add the fruit before the jello sets.\n\nKids this age are definitely capable of learning manners. Please, thank you, excuse me, thank you NOTES for gifts, even if they just draw a picture and you help by writing the note on the margin...also other social skills. Sharing is a biggie. Quiet voice. Learning how to accept the answer they don't want to hear. Learning to be patient, wait in line, take turns, etc.\n\nBig helper time at the age of 3. Can have a lot of fun just following you around the house while you do ordinary jobs and making it fun at this age gets them started on life skills with a good attitude. 3's can help you in the kitchen by dumping ingredients in and helping you stir, matching socks and folding washcloths, picking up toys, even learn the motions of dusting, sweeping, etc even if you go behind them or their spray bottle has just water in it. It isn't ever about perfection or helping you get things done faster, it is about having a good attitude to pitch in and their satisfaction at contributing to the task, as well as practicing the basic motions of those tasks.\n\nHygiene and self care. Can start brushing his own teeth, but you would go behind and help. Handwashing and finishing up the potty training, a new skill most times at the age of 3. Can probably help with washing himself in the bathtub...and hair if you use a tear free shampoo. Can probably dress self if you lay out the clothes for him...pull-on clothes, will be working on snaps, buttons, zippers, and getting things on frontwards and right side out, etc.\n\nKids this age are pretty fluent talkers and will love learning new words for things. Body parts, things in the city, animals, colors, stuff in the house. Help him identify stuff in his world. \n\nKid-friendly museums might be an excellent learning opportunity. And library time is great.\n\nStill too young for reading and math but some letter identification and counting, as well as being read TO, will be a great start on literacy.\n\nEmotionally, kids at 3 will benefit from learning how to identify their feelings. Questions will help. What kind of face is this? Was the boy in the book scared? When you see an emotional outburst, good or bad, you can ask him if he is feeling what you think or say something like, "I'll bet you are pretty happy now!" or "That would make me mad, are you mad?" Getting in touch with feelings at an early age will help kids manage them as they spring up.\n\nPsychologically, kids at all ages, particularly young, need solid boundaries, and a lot of supervision and structure. Kids this age need regular snacks and lots of rest. Try to alternate between quiet time and rowdy time. Try to do things the way the parents do at home. And give clear simple directions with direct consequences and if you have to discipline, keep your word with what you say will happen. CATCH THEM BEING GOOD! meaning to heap on the praise for doing the right thing, they will not misbehave nearly as much in trying to please you and get that reinforcement if they know you notice. Try to stretch attention spans by avoiding things like 10 minute cartoons or 5 minute books, but at the same time, recognize that kids have a rather short attn span and memory.\n\nKids this age love to explore and be busy. Nature walks are great. When I was a nanny, we used to collect leaves, pine cones, sticks, sand, etc then use them in art projects. The family was religious and we called it God art...sand was God glitter...we glued a surface and put sand on it, shook it off. We always loved coming up on a busy ant pile or a new bug or animal. For games, hiding games, races, dressup, are great. For sit down, matching games are good. Chutes and Ladders
58562
This means how long can the child focus on any one particular activity.\n\nFirst of all, the activity must be one designed for a First Grader.  \n\nThere is really no 'average' because each person differs.  Some kids grow up more slowly even if they are destined to be really swift.  I know, I was one.\n\nSome teachers are so dumb they do not know who is smart.\n\nBehavior problems can make a few smart kids appear dumb.  Some kids may need eyeglasses (again, I was one, it was like a new world opening up when I got them).\n\nIf you are under 30 if takes someone older and with educational experience to assess your child.\n\nAttention spans at this stage range from 5 minutes to 30 minutes.  Smarter or more mature kids will have a longer one.\n\nBut, the subject matter also makes a difference.  If someone very interesting visits, someone who knows lots about animals, for instance, and is a good teacher they all might listen enthralled for a whole hour, even more so if actual animals are brought in to look at.\n\nKids this age are just starting to find out about the world.  They are interested in animals, types of machines and vehicles like airplanes, helicopters, trucks, fire engines, police cars.\n\nThis is where they learn the alphabet and start associating letters with words...\n\nWhen that work is done (their attention flags), the teacher may switch to fingerpainting.\n\nChildren this age like STORY TELLING very, very much.  You will GREATLY help your child if you also participate in story telling, at least three times a week.\n\nThat is a big plus that trains your child to focus his / her attention.  They also see that lots of good stuff is in books...\n\nThat has a BIG PAYOFF for the rest of their lives.\n\nADHD kids should be given fish oil supplement along with calcium and magnesium tablet that is broken up and grinded into their food.  \n\nThe drugs are a very poor substitute for an insufficient diet.\n\nMake sure your kids take a daily kid's vitamin and drink lots of water.\n\nKids MUST also have physical activities like playing ball, running around, sack races (you get the picture)...\n\nIf they do not have enough of this it will greatly contribute to learning problems in the more mental activities.
1156989
It is much easier to teach a 5 year old not to talk back than it is a 16 year old. When they talk back to you, put them into a "time out" or take away a favorite toy or a activity that they take for granted. But explain to them why you are doing this and tell them just how long they will be without. Set a timer if needed. Warn them that the next time that they do it, the duration will be longer or something more will be added to it. You must be persistant and do this everytime they talk back to you or they may find that there will be occasions that they can get away with it with no recourse. If there are other children involved. They may think twice before talking back if they see what the potential punishment may be.Kudos to you for being concerned and wanting to try and correct this problem before they get older.
487671
Practice speaking with them, don't feel bad about correcting them.  they can watch TV or movies, listen to audio books. Even going to the basics with grade school phonics - Hope this helps!
1061979
By teaching them something fun or something that they want to learn. This is how it is done in Kindergarten.\nFood, play, short poems (remember Seuss), Chinese things like chopsicks, noodles, mother, dad. Sing, color or draw but do not spend so much time that it will loose their attention. Take breaks for exercise.\n  See below for an interesting website.
124877
Well, if it's really small children, it's a good idea to get at their eye level when you talk, that way you're not so intimidating. dont use unnecissarily long words, but dont dumb it down too much for them- they can think, too. Like anyone else, they want to be listened to1 If you ask them to talk about something, listen and respond to what they say! dont just set them off rembling and then direct your attention elsewhere. : D. Also, a good way to get kids to maybe stop doing something they shouldnt be is the 'I know...But...' format. Such as, 'I know you want to play for five more minutes, but our dinner will get cold if we dont leave now' \n\nI hope this helps a bit!
100263
If you can't home school, then read, read, read to them as much as possible.  Read anything they are interested in (within reason) that is appropriate for their ages.
566696
Science and technology can be experienced in many different ways, particularly in reference to the things that interest children. When children are a little older (3-5), they enter into the Foundation Stage curriculum, and science comes under the heading of 'Knowledge and Understanding of the World'. \n\nIf a child is interested in something, the best thing to do is to help them find out all they can about the topic, say, Pirates. for example. You could use the internet to find out about pirates, what they looked like, how they spoke, what they did, where they came from etc. and use what they find out to play a game, maybe even turn the sofa into a pirate ship for the day :) Children love to learn, and like it even more when it's something they care about.\n\nI know this is a very general idea on science and technology, but it can be applied to lots of situations. Hope this helps.
561761
Flash cards are good, as well as games.  Reading to your child and speaking to him with normal language, not baby talk will help as well.  I also recommend exposing him to as many experiences as possible (field trips I guess you could say).  Children who have access to different environments pick up on new skills and tend to do well in school later on.  Also, if you are considering child care, look carefully at the business you will be intrusting his early education in.  Some daycares don't do a good job at fostering speech and early reading skills.  Ask if they follow a curriculum and ask them if they can explain what they will be working with him on.
306175
I think this is a good age to teach children respect and manners.  They have to have this when they start school, so why not start thinking and talking about it now, on a simple level?\n\nHave discussions,(perhaps at Circle Time) and let them have their opinion.  Give everyone who wants to talk, the opportunity. Don't make it compulsory to give an opinion or to talk, as this will create added pressure on the children.  Discuss how they would feel if someone else said that what they had said was wrong, or not right, or horrible, or whatever.  Feelings are very important for young children to learn, as they can very easily, without knowing upset someone.\n\nThe link below will give some good ideas about strategies and ideas.
300368
Enroll her in a preschool or nursery school.  Often they have programs for toddlers ages 2-4.
984835
If you gave them an individual clock, it will strengthen their ability to see the numbers better, and where each number is.  They can turn the dial on their on and learn time that way. If you do decide to give them individual ones, ask them a certain time and hold up their clocks when they have the answer. Make a test out of it and that way you can see what child needs to work on which area of time. Good Luck!
989251
It's great to see that you are encouraging and creating an environment for your little cousin to stimulate her mind. I tried to think of a book that would be suitable, and came up with "Science Play: Beginning Discoveries for 2-To-6-Year-Olds" by Jill Frankel Hauser. You can probably find it online http://www.amazon.ca/exec/obidos/ASIN/1885593201/702-4873694-5835253 or order it through your local bookstore. If you think that the book is not what you are looking for, you can always go to a very popular site for growing minds, http://www.thinkbutton.com/ If you search by age, you can find different items and books that are age appropriate for your cousin. I hope this helps and have fun!