Design a human growth hormone expression plasmid?
107020
First, u've to isolate the mRNA of the growth hormone u want to express in the plasmid. The alternative way is, sequence the peptide hormone(assuming the hormone to be peptide hormone, because otherwise expression in plasmid makes little sense.) Then synthesize artificially a polynucleotide that will give the desired GH (Growth Hormone) when transcripted or translated.\n\nIf u use prokarytic host, u've to use clone the gene under a prokaryotic operon or regulatory system. Using eukaryotic host is sometimes complex.\n\nGuess that helps.
359051
It really depends on the hormone. \n\nMost protein hormones (such as insulin and HGH) are made by recombinant DNA technology. Most of the glucocorticoid (eg cortisone), mineralocorticoid (eg aldosterone) and sex hormones (eg estradiol and progesterone) are partially synthesized starting with certain readily available plant hormones. \n\nIn the past some hormones were indeed taken from animals and human cadavers, but with advances in DNA technology and improved methods of chemical synthesis, this has been almost entirely abandoned.
629727
make a model of DNA with wires and thermocole balls
45901
making someting with the same genetic makeup as the original
736773
There are too many things that might have gone wrong.\nYou are saying your template is a genomic DNA and then that it is plasmid ("if I shouldn't use a plasmid DNA") ? It can't be both, unless you mean you have a genomic library in a plasmid...\n\nplasmid templates are very good for PCR so that is definitely not the problem.(Unless the plasmid preparation is not good and you have e.g some ethanol or isopropanol or whatever in it.)\n\nIf you meant that you have a choice between genomic and plasmid template  go for the plasmid \nYou have to check again the design of your primers, the putative Tm, the size of the DNA so that you let elongation occur for enough time, etc...\n\nSome polymerases cannot cope with very long and difficult templates under usual conditions so you might have play with the conditions or change polymerase or use a polymerase mix.\n\nWe don't have enough info to be more specific. You just have to go through the design again carefully to see if there are any mistakes and then start changing conditions (Temperature, Mg concentration, annealing temperature varying with cycles, polymerase, etc)\n\nAlso if you designed the primers based on the cDNA but the template has introns, did you check that there are no introns disturbing the sequence which the primers should be annealing to?
386832
RECOMBINANT OR better TRANSGENIC is the answer,  not GMO because definitely not all GMO have recombinant DNA inside! Example: some GMO can have their own DNA altered or deleted and no recombinant DNA inserted
126424
Human growth hormone (HGH) is a substance secreted by the pituitary gland that promotes growth during childhood and adolescence.\nHormones are chemicals produced by special cells in glands and other organs of the body; most hormones are produced by cells in the endocrine glands. These hormones, which are produced in very small amounts, are released into the bloodstream and travel to the "target organ" or tissue where they exert their effect.\nSeveral hormones are involved in regulating growth. Some act directly on target organs, while others act by trig-gering the production of other hormones, which activate specific organ functions necessary for growth. This finely tuned system can malfunction in several ways, causing abnormal growth.\nThe pituitary gland is often called the master gland because it produces several hormones that control the functions of other glands. It is located in the middle of the skull below the part of the brain called the hypothalamus. The pituitary gland secretes its hormones in response to chemical messages from the hypothalamus, the part of the brain to which it is connected. \nGrowth hormone (HSG) is an anterior pituitary hormone whose main effect is to promote growth of body tissues. Other anterior pituitary hormones affect growth indirectly by working through other glands. \nHGH is useful for treating growth hormone deficiency in children.\nAlthough growth hormone levels decline with age, it has not been proven that trying to maintain the levels that exist in young persons is beneficial. It is conceivable that age-related hormonal changes may serve as useful markers of physiological aging. However, this has not been demonstrated experimentally for either humans or animals. Although hormone-replacement trials have yielded some positive results (at least in the short term), it is clear that negative side effects can also occur in the form of increased risk for cancer, cardiovascular disease, and behavior changes.\n\nIt might even turn out that lower growth-hormone levels are an indicator of health. Research findings indicate that mice that overproduce growth hormones live only a short time, suggesting that growth-hormone deficiency itself does not cause accelerated aging, but that the opposite may be true. . . .
1132832
i suggest that you talk about genetic engineering.\nto produce insulin for patients suffering from diabetes a bacteria is obtained and the plasmid DNA is extracted from it in addition to the insulin DNA which is extracted from a human the insulin DNA  is made part of the plasmid DNA and the plasmid is put back again into the bacteria. eventually the bacteria will produce insulin which is given to diabetes patients.
471719
Human Growth Hormone when used by an endocrinologist can make a child grow taller.  Unfortunately, a person will never grow past their genetic potential.  So short people like me are stuck wearing heels, sorry :-(
322298
the dna in your cells has large bands of useless areas called introns (intervening codons) within large bands of useful areas called exons (expressed codons).  if you transcribe these to make RNA, the resultant product is called hnRNA (heterogeneous nuclear RNA).  hnRNA won't be useful because it has the useless introns imbedded within it.  to make it usefull, our cells splice out the introns leaving only the exons in the final mRNA.\n\nso if we want to create, say, a baceterial plasmid that can produce insulin or some other protein, we couldn't just take our genes and put it in the bacteria because bacteria don't splice out the introns.  the way to do it then is to transcribe our genome, splice the hnRNA, then with the resultant mRNA, reverse-transcribe it back to DNA.\n\nthis DNA that we made won't have the introns from before in it.  now this length of DNA can be used to make proteins without the need for splicing.\n\nThe next step is to put this DNA in a plasmid that can be used.  This plasmid may have all kinds of genes on it, such as resistances, binding sites, cutting sites, etc.\n\nWhen you combine all these different sequences together, the end product is called recombinant DNA because it came from more than one source.
1139387
HGH is produced commercially by genetic engineering techniques and when pituitary dwarfism is diagnosed before puberty growth hormone replacement therapy can promote nearly normal somatic growth. If taking after puberty there can be some negative side affects,  also  because the epiphyseal plates close the hormone can affect the other target organs and  can enlarge the liver which to my knowledge wouldnt be good. \n*Also for the person before me HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN is a hormone secreted in females during the development of the fetus, it is the hormone that is detectable in the mothers blood one week after fertilization,---its not the same thing as HGH
393032
1. Isolate the genome of organism on which the desired gene sits.\n2. Cut it with restriction enzyme with the desired recognition site.\n3. Perform polymerase chain reaction procedure with oligomer primers which have the suspected complimentary sequence with your gene\n4. Perform agarose gel electophoresis to isolate the multiplied sequences\n5. Separate the duplex structure of primer:DNA in alkaline medium.\n6. Perform Southern Blot Transfer (could be found in any molecular biology laboratory manual)\n7. Transform the target organism with the resulting gene fragments from the southern blot. (transformation procedure vary with the varying target organism)
143186
Genetic engineering, genetic modification (GM), and the now-deprecated gene splicing are terms for the process of manipulating genes, usually outside the organism's normal reproductive process.\n\nIt often involves the isolation, manipulation and reintroduction of DNA into cells or model organisms, usually to express a protein. The aim is to introduce new characteristics such as making a crop resistant to a herbicide, introducing a novel trait, or producing a new protein or enzyme. Examples include the production of human insulin through the use of modified bacteria, the production of erythropoietin in Chinese Hamster Ovary cells, and the production of new types of experimental mice such as the OncoMouse (cancer mouse) for research, through genetic redesign.\n\nSince a protein is specified by a segment of DNA called a gene, future versions of that protein can be modified by changing the gene's underlying DNA. One way to do this is to isolate the piece of DNA containing the gene, precisely cut the gene out, and then reintroduce (splice) the gene into a different DNA segment. Daniel Nathans and Hamilton Smith received the 1978 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine for their isolation of restriction endonucleases, which are able to cut DNA at specific sites. Together with ligase, which can join fragments of DNA together, restriction enzymes formed the initial basis of recombinant DNA technology.
615040
Its a genuine question; I suggest you to post ur question in google answers; u can get researched answers; remeber it is paid service. What I know about is it is produced by recombinant technique which word itself is self explanatory; meaning a complicated genetic process GH like proteins are made with the knowledge of its DNA structure. It has been used successfully in several conditions which can produce short stature. They are genetic short stature, Turners syndrome, Prader willi syndrome, Chronica renal failure. The subjects are shown to be better in height velocity and has achieved a target height height 50 th percentile in a significant number of cases. It is an injection through subcutaneous route; intermittent ie once in few weeks; and requires monitoring of height BP and some blood tests to look for side effects. No significant harm has been reported till now. You can get these details in medical text books like; Harrison's internal medicine; Nelson's text book of paediatrics and various books of endocrinology. For the website you can do a google search with key words Human Growth Hormone, Treatment with growth hormone, adverse effects Human growth hormones etc and select appropriate articles according to ur knowledge level..Look for emedicine article; if u r a medical professional u can look for pubmed article..
273694
The trick is deceptively simple.  A microbe is chosen--often a very fussy strain of Saccharomyces or Escherichia coli--and the DNA that encodes human fibrinogen is introduced into its genome.  This engenders the production of fibrinogen by the microbe; that fibrinogen can then be harvested and purified.\n\nThe same technology is used to produce human insulin, human growth hormone, and a wide array of other polypeptides useful to human medicine.\n\nWhat I find fascinating about it all is that the vat fermentation production system used to produce all this is a spinoff of the vat fermentation system used in the first mass production of penicillin, developed at the USDA's Agricultural Research Lab in Peoria, IL (Now known as the NCAUR) around the time of WWII...
302054
If your aim is to obtain just plasmid DNA (for example, recombinant cloning vectors) from bacterial cells Then a way would be adding Sodium Hydroxide until the pH of the cell extract reaches 12.012.5, which causes the base pairs in non-supercoiled DNA to break.
403175
"BODYWORK\nTap your very own fountain of youth with ultra-high-intensity sprint workouts, which stimulate the production of HUMAN GROWTH HORMONE. We clue you in on how to get your natural HGH fix, free and on the run."