what is a selective/differential media for staphylococcus BESIDES MSA?
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Some researchers like ChromAgar, but I personally am a mannitol salt fan.
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Today, S. aureus has become resistant to many commonly used antibiotics. In the UK, only 2% of all S. aureus isolates are sensitive to penicillin with a similar picture in the rest of the world. The β-lactamase resistant penicillins (methicillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin and flucloxacillin) were developed to treat penicillin-resistant S. aureus and are still used as first-line treatment. First line treatment for MRSA is currently glycopeptide antibiotics (vancomycin and teicoplanin).
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a positive culture...need antibioltic
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Staphylococcus aureus is positive (clearing in the green agar) and Staphylococcus epidermidis is negative for the DNAse test.\n\nThose are the only one's I know about.
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"Type microbiology biosaftey corse europa" into you're search bar
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MRSA = methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus\n\nWhat is MRSA?\n\nMRSA stands for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. It is a type of bacterium commonly found on the skin and/or in the noses of healthy people. Although it is usually harmless at these sites, it may occasionally get into the body (eg through breaks in the skin such as abrasions, cuts, wounds, surgical incisions or indwelling catheters) and cause infections. These infections may be mild (eg pimples or boils) or serious (eg infection of the bloodstream, bones or joints).\n\nThe treatment of infections due to Staphylococcus aureus was revolutionised in the 1940s by the introduction of the antibiotic penicillin.\n\nUnfortunately, most strains of Staphylococcus aureus are now resistant to penicillin. This is because Staphylococcus aureus has 'learnt' to make a substance called ß-lactamase (pronounced beta-lactamase), that degrades penicillin, destroying its antibacterial activity.\n\nSome related antibiotics, such as methicillin and flucloxacillin, are not affected by ß-lactamase and can still be used to treat many infections due to ß-lactamase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Unfortunately, however, certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus, known as MRSA, have now also become resistant to treatment with methicillin and flucloxacillin.\n\nAlthough other types of antibiotics can still be used to treat infections caused by MRSA, these alternative drugs are usually not available in tablet form and must be administered through a drip inserted into a vein.\n\nWho gets infection with MRSA?\n\nMRSA infections most often occur in patients in hospitals and are rarely seen among the general public. As with ordinary strains of Staphylococcus aureus, some patients harbour MRSA on their skin or nose without harm (such patients are said to be 'colonised'), whereas other patients may develop infections. \n\nSome patients are at increased risk of developing infection. They include those with breaks in their skin due to wounds (including those caused by surgery), indwelling catheters or burns, and those with certain types of deficiency in their immune system, such as low numbers of white cells in their blood.\n\nWhen MRSA spread from an initial site of colonisation to a site where they cause infection in the same patient (eg spread from the colonised nose to a wound), the resulting infection is described as 'endogenous'.\n\nIn addition to causing endogenous infections, MRSA can spread between patients, usually by direct or indirect physical contact. For example, hospital staff attending to a colonised or infected patient may become contaminated or colonised with MRSA themselves (perhaps only briefly). They may then spread the bacteria to other patients with whom they subsequently have contact. These patients may in turn become colonised and/or infected. The spread of MRSA (or for that matter other bacteria) between patients is called cross-infection.\n\nSome strains of MRSA that are particularly successful at spreading between patients may also spread between hospitals, presumably when colonised patients or staff move from one hospital to another. These strains are known as epidemic MRSA (or EMRSA for short). \n\nCan the spread of MRSA be controlled?\n\nThere are several steps that may be undertaken to minimise the spread of MRSA between patients.\n\n\nHospital staff should wash their hands scrupulously, preferably using antibacterial soap and disposable towels.\n\n\nPatients colonised or infected with MRSA may be kept away from other patients by being placed in separate rooms, either alone or with other patients who also have MRSA. Access to such rooms should be restricted to essential personnel.\n\n\nHospital staff should wear gloves and disposable gowns prior to having physical contact with MRSA patients. Before leaving the room, they should discard these safely, and wash their hands.\n\n\nVisitors and carers likely to have a lot
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Some media grow most bacteria.  Blood Agar\nSome media usually used for anaerobic bacteria.\nChocolate Agar (not really chocolate, that's just the name)\nSome media of various types are used when the bacteria or fungus will only grow on certain nutrients.\nSearch on Mycobacteria Culture Media\nSearch on Fungus Culture Media\n\nThe most commonly used media other than the above are called Selective Culture Media\nhttp://myweb2.search.yahoo.com/search?fr=ks&p=Selective+culture+media\nThese grow some bacteria while inhibiting others\na typical one is Mannitol Salt Agar for culturing staphylococci\n\nSometimes liquid media are used for studying bacteria, also for saving them in a safe place on the way to the lab.\n\nThere are many different types of the latter.  Also used for studying how fast they grow.\n\nA complete answer is so long evryone would be turned off and no one would read it, probably including you.\n\nSo go to the url above and read, that is a good starting place.\n\nAnaeorbic bacteria are grow in an oxygen poor enclosure placed into the incubator.\n\nBadly run microbiology labs are a great source of potentially infective hospital bacteria.  They need to be well coordinated with the Infection Control personnel, thus aiding this effort.\n\nUsed media and cultures must be totally sterilized, especially where antibiotic sensitivity testing is involved.\n\nThat's the lab part in reducing environmental pollution and controlling the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
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FastMedia™ LB is a LB based medium supplemented with selective antibiotic used for propagation of resistant bacteria in shake-flasks.\n\nFastMedia™ X-gal is a LB based agar medium supplemented with 100 µg/ml X-gal, 100 µg/ml IPTG andselective antibiotic used for detection of blue-white resistant colonies.
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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, (MRSA) is a specific strain of the Staphylococcus aureus bacterium that has developed antibiotic resistance, first to penicillin since 1947, and later to methicillin and related anti-staphylococcal drugs. Popularly termed a "superbug", it was first discovered in Britain in 1961 and is now widespread. Non-methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus is termed methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) to make the distinction.\n\nWhile an MRSA colonisation in an otherwise healthy individual is not usually a serious matter, infection with the organism can be life-threatening to patients with deep wounds, intravenous catheters or other foreign-body instrumentation, or as a secondary infection in patients with compromised immune systems. Part of the problem is that MRSA does not respond to the antibiotics normally prescribed for the infections in question, and can hence progress unchecked.\n\n[edit]
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This article has a mechanism (APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, Dec. 1995, p. 4374–4377), but you may not can see the link provided (try the second).
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You should try a medical microbiology text book.  They are great for discrimminating between closely related organisms.\n\nOf course these books are great for MEDICAL micro.  If your organism are based on health care, this is the way to go.\n\nPass on the good karma.
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The major difference between S. aureus and S. epidermis is the coagulase test. Staph aureus causes blood to clot by converting fibrinogen to fibrin which aids in resisting phagocytosis which makes the bacteria more virulent. Other members of the Staphylococcus family are coag negative. Also you can differentiate between them based on color. S. aureus is gold/yellow whereas S. epi tends to be white. That is more of a clue to differentiating between them, the coagulase test is more definative. S. epi is commonly found on the skin and normally only causes disease in people with weaken immune systems whereas S. aureus is more of a pathogen. Hope that helps.
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MRSA policies are somewhat hospital specific, but they tend to be modelled after those from the CDC; I would recommend getting onto their site, www.cdc.gov I believe, and do a search for MRSA recommendations.\n\nYou may have to spell out methicillin resistant staph aureus to get what you want, though...
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Try Carolina biological or ward's, they're cheap, well equipped and ship fast.  Since their focus is on education, they carry all lab equipment and a lot wonderful posters.\nFisher or vwr don't have such an assortment but you can get giant tyvek periodic tables from them.\n\nhttp://www.carolina.com\nhttp://www.wardsci.com
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A. Antibiotics, antimicrobials.\n\nWhy are you testing us? Are you taking a test and cheating, perhaps?
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Try the Internet and a Microbiology book
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There are both culture-dependent and culture-independent ways of doing this...\n\nCulture-dependent: you can centrifuge a soil sample and then plate out the supernantant onto various types of agar.  If you are looking for bacteria, you can use agars that enrich for certain species like Streptomyces or Actinomyces Isolation Agar, or you can use more general agar like Tryptic Soy Agar.  Just be sure to include cyclohexamide in the media to prevent fungi from taking over!  If you are looking for viruses, you will have to do a virus/phage prep from the soil supernant and then plate onto lawns of bacteria or fungi, depending on what types of viruses you are looking for.  If you are looking for fungi, you can use the same supernatant but use media for fungi enrichment, such as Potato Dextrose Agar or Worts Agar.\n\nCulture-independent:  you can isolate DNA from the soil and do sequence analysis to see what kind of bacterial/viral/fungal commuunity there is in the soil.  There are various kits you can buy to do this, dependding on which organism's DNA you want.  This is a much faster method than growing them on agar, but you miss out actually seeing the organisms, as well as enumerating them.