What major characteristic distinguishes eubacteria from protistans?
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bacteria are prokaryotic(no nucleus)
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Amoeba are among the largest single celled organisms, far larger than any bacteria.  Some amoeba are large enough to be seen without needing a microscope!\n\nBacteria are the smallest living things and mycoplasms are the smallest living bacteria (known as nanobacteria).\n\nIf by creatures you mean animals, then the smallest depends a bit on your definition of "small".  The shortest is probably little Trichoplax adhaerens, which looks a bit like a hairy, multi-cellular amoeba.\n\nThe smallest animal in terms of number of cells is probably some kind of Mesozoa, a set of worms famous for being very short and only a few cells across, so much thinner than Tricoplax and less massive.\n\nThe smallest vertebrate is a species of fish that was just discovered recently, though I forget the name of it, sorry.  :-)\n\nIt's recently been discovered that a few single-celled organisms are, in fact, evolved from animals.  If you would count these as animals, they would be the smallest animals, though that would be merely a technicality.\n\nAll of this applies only to adult forms, of course.  We're all very very small to begin with!
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Prokaryotic cells are cells associated with Bacteria.  Eukaryotic cells are found in Plants and Animals.
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also spelled  procaryote,   any self-contained cell or organism that lacks internal unit membranes. Bacteria are among the best-known prokaryotic organisms. Prokaryotes lack a nuclear membrane and most of the components of eukaryotic cells. The cell membrane consists of a phospholipid unit membrane and constitutes the cell's primary osmotic barrier. The cytoplasm includes ribosomes that carry out translation and protein synthesis. The nuclear region usually consists of circular, double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Many prokaryotes also contain accessory, self-replicating genetic structures, called plasmids, with additional dispensable cell functions, such as encoding proteins to inactivate antibiotics. The flagella are distinct from those of eukaryotes in design and movement. The organelles that are present, such as storage vesicles, are surrounded by a nonunit membrane consisting principally of proteins. See also eukaryote; bacteria.
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Prokaryotes (from Old Greek pro- before + karyon nut or kernel, referring to the cell nucleus, + suffix -otos, pl. -otes; also spelled "procaryotes") are organisms without a cell nucleus (= karyon), or indeed any other membrane-bound organelles, in most cases unicellular (in rare cases, multicellular). This set of characteristics is distinct from eukaryotes (also spelled "eucaryotes"), organisms that have cell nuclei and may be variously unicellular or multicellular. The difference between the structure of prokaryotes and eukaryotes is so great that it is considered to be the most important distinction among groups of organisms. Most prokaryotes are bacteria, and the two terms are often treated as synonyms. However, Woese has proposed dividing prokaryotes into the Bacteria and Archaea (originally Eubacteria and Archaebacteria) because of the significant genetic differences between the two. This arrangement of Eukaryota, Bacteria, and Archaea is called the three-domain system. This replaces the two-empire system.\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prokaryote\n\n\nA eukaryote (IPA: [juːˌkarɪəʊt]), also spelled eucaryote, is an organism with a complex cell or cells, in which the genetic material is organized into membrane-bound nucleus/nuclei. Eukaryotes comprise animals, plants, and fungi—which are mostly multicellular—as well as various other groups that are collectively classified as protists (many of which are unicellular). In contrast, prokaryotes are organisms, such as bacteria, that lack nuclei and other complex cell structures. Eukaryotes share a common origin, and are often treated formally as a superkingdom, empire, or domain. The name comes from the Greek ευ, meaning good, and κάρυον, meaning nut, in reference to the cell nucleus).\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eukaryote\n\nMORE STUFF ON LINKS
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Algae and higher plants are called eukaryotic.  They tend to have two different types of genetic material, one located in the nucleus and a different type located in the cell’s mitochondrion.  Bacteria, on the other hand, are called prokaryotic.  They only contain one type of genetic material.  Some bacteria’s genetic material resembles that found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.  Some bacteria DNA or RNA more closely resembles that of mitochondrion.\nProper cleavage of the genetic material, followed by TLC or possibly paper chromatography, could show the similarities or differences.  This could be used to infer (not prove) any evolutionary relationships.
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the amoeba i guess, it is unicellular.the largest ones are 1 mm across
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well according to the most accepted theory of the origin of eukaryotes, no.  this is because eukaryotes actually have evolved from one prokaryote engulfing another prokaryote.  this leads to the symbiotic theory, where the "bigger" prokaryote protects the "smaller" eukaryote and uses the proteins it produces, while the "smaller" prokaryote protects the DNA, makes proteins, and is protected by the larger prokaryote.  in this manner, these multiple prokaryotes evolved to a eukaryote.\n\nso, no.
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Eukaryotes contain membrane-bound nuclei and other organelles, while prokaryotes lack this membrane-bound nucleus. Prokaryotes are classified in two kingdoms separate from the eukaryotes. Eukaryotes are the type of cells that make up plants and one celled organisms, but not animals.\n\nBut there is a longer discription on:\nhttp://ks.essortment.com/prokaryoteseuka_rgbo.htm
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Most prokaryotes are bacteria, and the two terms are often treated as synonyms. Unicellular is another term for them.
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They are all prokaryotes, some may have a thick cell wall made of peptodiglycan.  They can live in extremely acidic, basic, hot, cold, salty, or wet environments.
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Gram-positive bacteria :\nGram-positive bacteria are classified as bacteria that retain a crystal violet dye during the Gram stain process. Gram-positive bacteria will appear blue or violet under a microscope, whereas Gram-negative bacteria will appear red or pink. The difference in classification is largely based on a difference in the bacteria's cell wall structure.\nThe following characteristics are generally present in a Gram-positive bacteria:\nA very thick cell wall (peptidoglycan) \nIf a flagellum is present, it contains two rings for support (an additional two rings are not necessary, unlike in Gram-negative bacteria, because the thick cell wall is supportive enough) \nTeichoic acids are present, which serve to act as chelating agents, and also for certain types of adherence \nIn the original bacterial phyla, the Gram-positive forms made up the phylum Firmicutes, a name now used for the largest group. It includes many well-known genera such as Bacillus, Listeria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Clostridium. It has also been expanded to include the Mollicutes, bacteria like Mycoplasma that lack cell walls and so cannot be stained by Gram, but are derived from such forms.\n\nThe actinobacteria are another major group of Gram-positive bacteria; they and the Firmicutes are referred to as the high and low G+C groups based on the guanosine and cytosine content of their DNA. If the second membrane is a derived condition, the two may have been basal among the bacteria; otherwise they are probably a relatively recent monophyletic group. They have been considered as possible ancestors for the archaeans and eukaryotes, both because they are unusual in lacking the second membrane and because of various biochemical similarities such as the presence of sterols.\n\nThe Deinococcus-Thermus bacteria also have Gram-positive stains, although they are structurally similar to Gram-negative bacteria.\n\nBoth Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria may have a membrane called an S-layer. In Gram-negative bacteria, the S-layer is directly attached to the outer membrane. In Gram-positive bacteria, the S-layer is attached to the peptidoglycan layer. Unique to Gram-positive bacteria is the presence of teichoic acids in the cell wall. Some particular teichoic acids, lipoteichoic acids, have a lipid component and can assist in anchoring peptidoglycan, as the lipid component is embedded in the membrane.\n\nGram Negative Bacteria:\nGram-negative bacteria are those that do not retain crystal violet dye in the Gram staining protocol. Gram-positive bacteria will retain the dark blue dye after an alcohol wash, whereas Gram-negative bacteria do not. In a Gram stain test, a counterstain is added after the crystal violet, which colors all Gram-negative bacteria a red or pink color. The test itself is useful in classifying two distinctly different types of bacteria based on structural differences in their cell walls.\n\nMany species of Gram-negative bacteria are pathogenic, meaning they can cause disease in a host organism. This pathogenic capability is usually associated with certain components of Gram-negative cell walls, in particular the lipopolysaccharide (also known as LPS or endotoxin) layer.\nThe following characteristics are displayed by Gram-negative bacteria:\n\nCell walls only contain a few layers of peptidoglycan (which is present in much higher levels in Gram-positive bacteria) \nCells are surrounded by an outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide outside the peptidoglycan layer \nPorins exist in the outer membrane, which act like pores for particular molecules \nThere is a space between the layers of peptidoglycan and the secondary cell membrane called the periplasmic space \nThe S-layer is directly attached to the outer membrane, rather than the peptidoglycan \nIf present, flagella have four supporting rings instead of two \nNo teichoic acids are present \nLipoproteins are attached to the polysaccharide backbone whereas in Gr
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Protozoa are microscopic organisms, bigger than Bacteria, they have evolved and they get food from eating Bacteria.\nWhen they get big enough they split into two exact copies and thereby reproduce and grow.
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Eukaryotes have organelles and are comparmentalized.  Prokaryotes do not have organelles and are not compartmentalized.
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Protozoans are members of Kingdom Protista which exhibit animal-like characteristics. For instance protozoans are heterotrophs, which means they are unable to produce their own food, and they are all typically mobile using cilia, flagella, or pseudopodia. Of course, the main reason we are so interested in protozoans is because so many of them cause diseases in humans, especially in tropical environments.
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Unicellular organisms are placed in both Monera and Protista.  Also there are Archaeans that are single celled prokaryotes that are not placed in either Monera or Protista and are given their own domain called Domain Archaea.  \n\nFor the old classification system unicellular organisms are broadly placed into Monera if they lack a nucleus.  Unicellular organisms are lumped into protista if they have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles, such as mitochodria, and in some cases chloroplasts.  \n\nFor example a bacterium does not possess a nucleus.  Therefore all bacteria are placed into Monera.  \nProtista contains many different kinds of unicellular organisms such as amoeba and green algae.  All of the protists will have a nucleus and mitochondria at the very least.
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amoeba\nand i think cynobacteria \neuglena might be not, but im not sure