who is a  petrophysicist and what are his role in an oil industry?
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"Petrophysics is one of the key reservoir disciplines (Geology, Geophysics, Petrophysics, Reservoir Engineering) Petrophysics is all about describing the oil and/or gas distributions and production flow capacity of our reservoirs, from interpretations of pore system and fluid interactions."\nhttp://www.spwla.org/library_info/PetrophysicsCareer_files/frame.htm\n\nCareers in Geoscience- Petrophysicist\n"Our job is to determine the potential quality and performance of a petroleum resource by estimating how much hydrocarbon is present and whether it can be produced economically."\nhttp://www.seed.slb.com/en/scictr/career/geoscience/neville.htm
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Fluid mechanics refers to a specific discipline dealing with the flow of fluids.
521934
A type of engineer who specializes in the movement and transport (both natural and man made) of water. They can do anything from build dams to city sewers or movement of other liquids besides water in a plant setting.Somebody who likes to get wet a lot. Hydrologist ia a science dealing with their properties, distribution, and circulation of water an and below the earth's surface and in the atmosphere.
352621
A job in the oil industry?
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You could try approaching the oil companies and ask them if they have anything they could give you for a school project.  They are normally very keen to help and should be able to give you "anonymous" information, that is with the field or well information removed or it could be from an old well or field.\n\nNormally seismic is shot across an area before wells are drilled and then periodically during production to measure efficiency of production (called 4D seismic as it incorportates time) but you can shot a seismic log of an individual well using wireline logging tools.  For these you'd need to approach someone like Schlumberger Wireline or Baker Atlas, who in turn would need to contact the oil company.\n\nYou should be able to find contact details on the companies websites.
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Organisation of Petroleum Exporing Countries
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A scientist by the name of Gold theorized that the Earth itself produces oil, I can't remember all the details, but the idea is the mechanism for this production is beneath the Earth's mantle, farther than anyone has ever drilled. There is a little evidence to support it, and I believe the Canadian gov't was sponsoring a drilling operation to see if it was true. Gold had a reputation for pushing forth seemingly insane theories that eventually proved true.
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Geologists do a lot of things:\n- Study rocks and sediments to understand the source and composition \n- Explore regions for oil (petroleum geologists), minerals (exploration geologists) and water (Hydrogeologists)\n- Study past present and future climate (paleoclimatologists)\n- Study fossils (paleontologists)\n- Study the way rocks form and deform (Structural geologists)\n- Study earthquakes (seismologists/geophysicists)\n- Work for oil, mininng and governement agencies\n- Work for environmental organizations\n- Work for drilling, construction or development agencies\netc
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ORIGIN AND FORMATION:\n\n Crude oil is formed from accumulations of small organisms, mostly phytoplankton and zooplanton that are buried in sediments in both marine and lacustrine (fresh water) environments. Other organic material is mixed in such as spores, pollen, woody material, and other material such as fecal pellets from marine organisms. These materials often settle through the water into an organic-rich mud that is very low in oxygen (anaerobic) so there are few organisms to feed on the material and it accumulates over long periods of time. Rivers contribute to this process by both delivering large quantities of organic matter, and also large amounts of sediment to bury this organic matter.\n\nOver time these clay-rich sediments are buried under thousands of feet of sediments, dewatered by pressure from the overlying sediment and become shale. As the shale is buried its temperature increases due to geothermal warming. When it reaches temperatures and pressures of 140 degrees F. (60 C) it begins to convert to oil. As temperature increases from continuing burial processes it reachs a temperature where it begins to form natural gas. Both the oil and the gas are gradually expelled from the shale. Typically shales are found in depositional settings where they may be interbedded with sandstones. Sandstones will have higher porosity (more and bigger holes) than shale and the oil and gas will displace salt water that is remaining in the sandstones. Eventually the oil and gas migrates upward through the water and if the overlying structure has formed some sort of a trapping configuration, (like a sandstone overlain by an impervious shale, or a fault that has created a seal against the sandstone, then this becomes an oil reservoir.\n\nA very similar process occurs in carbonate rocks, like limestone and dolomite, except the organic material originates within the carbonate rock in many instances. If the carbonate reef (for example) has been buried by an impervious layer of shale or carbonate mud of a sabkha, it will become an oil reservoir. In other instances, the source of the oil will be a shale that is below the carbonate rocks, and the oil will migrate upward into this reservoir.\n\n\nReference: John M Hunt, 1996, "Petroleum Geochemistry and Geology", W.H. Freeman & Co: New York. 743 pp. \n\n                                  COMPOSITION:\nCrude oil is a complex mixture of many different hydrocarbon compounds and also may contain sulphur and trace amounts of heavy metals. Because of this, different reservoirs of oil can be distinguished and identified using gas chromatography and other methods. It is even possible to identify particles of the original organisms and plant remains under a microscope in some crude oil. The list of hydrocarbon compounds found in crude oil numbers in the hundreds, but here is a list of the most common:\nParaffins:\n  Pentane\n  Hexane\n  Octane\n  Nonane\n  Decane\n\nBranched chain paraffins:\n  2-Methylpentane\n  3- Methylpentane\n  2-Methylhexane\n  3-Methylhexane\n  2-Methylheptane\n  Pristane\n \nCycloparaffins:\n  Methlycyclopentane\n  Cyclohexane\n  Methylcyclohexane\n  1,2-Dimethylcyclopentane\n  1,3- Dimethylcyclopentane\n  1,3-dimethylcyclohexane\n\nAromatics:\n  Benzene\n  Toluene\n  Ethylbenzene\n  m-Xylene\n\nOr described by molecular size, using a common crude oil for an example:\n  Gasoline (C5-C10)  27%\n  Kerosine (C11-C13) 13%\n  Diesel fuel (C14-C18) 12%\n  Heavy gas oil (C19-C25)10%\n  Lubricating oil (C26-C40)20%\n  Residuum(>C40)                   18% \n\nThere is an interesting thing about biomarkers in oil. There are petroleum reservoirs offshore West Africa, and offshore Brazil, that came from the same source of oil, showing that the oil formed before Africa and South America were separated by the Atlantic Ocean.
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There are several types of sedimentary rock that act as reservoirs & caprocks for oil & natural gas.\n\nReservoir rocks must have a certain degree of porosity (containing holes) & be permeable (able to move through). Some of these may include limestone, other carbonate rocks (such as what James said earlier), shale, & sandstone.\n\nOn top of these reservoir rocks are cap rocks. They must be impermeable as to not allow the oil/natural gas to escape. These can include limestone & shale as well.\n\nGeologists also look for certain physical structures such as salt domes & anticlines.\n\nSalt sometimes serves as caprock for oil reservoirs. Rising salt domes are sometimes dead giveaways for oil deposits. Many of these occur in the Gulf States.\n\nAnticlines are upward folds in rocks. Under the right conditions, anticlines serve as traps.\n\n:)
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The oil is usually within a layer of porous material. Imagine a bucket full of marbles and water. You can get the water out of the bucket without disturbing the marbles much at all.
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This is something I do routinely almost every day as a petroleum geologist. We are constantly re-examining old data and combining it with new information in our search for new undiscovered and possibly bypassed oil reservoirs. A significant part of the future oil reserves in the US is going to come from this type of detective work. Some major discoveries have resulted from geologists going back and re-examining old well logs. \n\nYou have to keep in mind that the information coming from a well represents only one point on a map. Combining the information from that point with well data from a recently drilled well or new 3D siesmic data might change the entire interpretation of a specific formation. I saw a great example recently where a geologist realized that an unconformity extended across a region where no one else had noticed it before, and was able to find stratigraphic traps in areas that were near existing dry holes, but the wells had missed the reservoir.
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Petroleum Engineers... they hunt for good areas of oil reserves based on the type of ground layers... geology...
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theres several oilfield companies that work in the gulf, i know a few major ones course there are more but theres Ensco Drilling, Hercule's Liftboats, Global Diving,Taylors International, Offshore Marine Contractors,Coastal Catering etc
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I think this could help you http://www.flow3d.com/appl/OilWater.htm
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well it depends on what sort of a career your looking for.  since they do a lot of work on oil rigs im guessing you are mechanical or civil engineering.  so something like To obtain a full time position in (insert major) with Schlumberger.  Otherwise dont worry about putting an objective.  they generally know your objective is to get a job.
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In the United States, the person in charge of petroleum issues is the Secretary of Energy. The current person in that post is Samuel Bodman. He previously served the Bush administration in the Commerce and Treasury Departments.\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_W._Bodman\nhttp://www.energy.gov/organization/samuel_bodman.htm\n\nIn the UK, energy policy is set by the Department of Trade and Insustry.  The current Secretary of State for Trade and Industry is Alastair Darling. He has occupied several cabinet positions within the Blair government over the last decade.\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Department_of_Industry\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alastair_Darling\n\nIn Canada, energy policy is determined by Natural Resources Canada, which is headed by the Minsiter of Natural Resources.\nThe current Minister is Gary Vincent Lunn. He is an MP from British Columbia.\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_Resources_Canada\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Lunn