What are properties and uses of common alloys?
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As a metallic element has other elements combined to it, it takes on various properties.\n\nSteel is primarily a combination of Iron and carbon.  The properties of steel are caused not only by the percent of other elements but at what temperature the steel has reached and how fast it has been cooled.
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Metals are shiny and are good conductors of heat and electric current. They are malleable and ductile.\nNon-metals are dull, and are poor conductors of heat and electric current. They're brittle and unmalleable.
228726
Analog integrated circuits are the most common application for gallium, with optoelectronic devices (mostly laser diodes and light-emitting diodes) as the second largest end use.\nOther uses include:\n\n    * Since it wets glass or porcelain, gallium can be used to create brilliant mirrors.\n    * Used widely as a dopant to dope semiconductors and produce solid-state devices like transistors.\n    * Gallium readily alloys with most metals, and has been used as a component in low-melting alloys. The plutonium pits of nuclear weapons employ an alloy with gallium to stabilize the allotropes of plutonium. Much research is being devoted to gallium alloys as substitutes for mercury dental amalgams, but such compounds have yet to see wide acceptance.\n    * Gallium added in quantities up to 2% in common solders can aid wetting and flow characteristics.\n    * Gallium is used in some high temperature thermometers, and a eutectic alloy of gallium, indium, and tin is widely available in fever thermometers, replacing mercury. This alloy, with the trade name Galinstan, has a freezing point of −20 °C.\n    * Magnesium gallate containing impurities (such as Mn+2), is beginning to be used in ultraviolet-activated phosphor powder.\n    * It has been suggested that a liquid gallium-tin alloy could be used to cool computer chips in place of water. As it conducts heat approximately 65 times better than water it makes a considerably better coolant. [1]\n    * Gallium salts like gallium citrate and gallium nitrate are used as radiocontrast agents in medical imaging. For these applications, a radioactive isotope such as 67Ga is used.\n    * Gallium is the rarest component of new photovoltaic compounds (such as copper indium gallium selenium sulphide or Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2, recently announced by South African researchers) for use in solar panels as an alternative to crystalline silicon, which is in currently short supply.
168038
You would have to look into the properties for AMS, ASTM, AISI, ASME, Federal, Mil and SAE steels. It all depends on what type of steel you are using. Stainless, mild and what type of hardness (1/2 or 1/4 for stainless) that you need and what the purpose of the part is going to be used for
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The pure type of metal and the alloy
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Common valences are the normal number of chemical bonds that must be formed to stabilize an atom. For example, for oxygen its 2-, because O shares 2 electrons to become stable. For hydrogen its 1+, since hydrogen receives one electrons.\n\nSome metals have more than one valence. For instance:\nCu: 2+, 3+\nHg: 2+, 4+ (I think)\n\nAnyway, these valences are the common valences for these atoms. Under extreme conditions the common valences may change.
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Aluminium is very popular for its low weight properties. Thats why they use it in aviation and many other industries.
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R&D Projects\nAdvanced Computations\n\n \n\nAlloy Selection System for Elevated Temperatures (ASSET)\n \nMany aspects of equipment design and operation as well as alloy selection and design are influenced by the expected lifetimes of equipment in high-temperature, corrosive gases.  Currently, many processes are limited by the inability to predict corrosion rates for equipment used in high-temperature processes. A new database is being developed to enhance the ability of the chemical industry to predict corrosion of commercial alloys.  Benefits in improving the ability to manage corrosion data for alloys in high temperature, corrosive gases will be far reaching in the chemical industry.   Better characterization of alloys under operating conditions will result in reduced energy use and maintenance, increased process safety, cost-effective use of expensive alloys in equipment designs, and improved productivity.   \n\nASSET will be an alloy selection and corrosion prediction system that includes a database linked to thermomechanical calculation programs.  The linked programs will use experimentally measured corrosion data obtained under well-controlled conditions to predict the corrosion rates for commercial alloys.   This project will include data on an extensive list of alloys exposed to a wide range of complex and corrosion gases for temperatures of 250 to 1,150oC.  The considerations being used to generate the corrosion data include oxidation, sulfidation, sulfidation/oxygenation and carburization.  The approach to this project includes improving and expanding the ASSET system and training participating companies in its use.
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Here is some interesting facts on elements:\n\nhttp://www.pidc.com/prod_facts.html\n\nInteresting facts about gems and precious stones:\n\nhttp://www.indygem.com/productinfo_interesting.htm\n\nMetals and Alloys\n\nhttp://chemistry.about.com/od/metalsalloys/\n\nI hope that I found enough facts for you.  If you want more, just ask.  {smile}
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http://chemistry.allinfoabout.com/features/nonmetals.html
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Here is some information I found on the web.\n\nSmart Composite:\n\nBy incorporating smart fibers into polymer matrix composites, these structural composites can take on "smart" characteristics and provide feedback on the performance of the structural member.\n\nShape Memory Alloy:\n\nA shape memory alloy (SMA) (also known as memory metal or smart wire) is a metal that remembers its geometry. After it is deformed, it regains its original geometry by itself during heating (one-way effect) or, at higher ambient temperatures, simply during unloading (pseudo-elasticity). These extraordinary properties are due to a temperature-dependent martensitic phase transformation from a low-symmetry to a highly symmetric crystallographic structure. Those crystal structures are known as martensite and austenite.
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The general properties of metals are:\nThey are usually solid (exception is mercury) - argon is a gas\nThey all conduct electricity - argon doesn't conduct electricity\nThey form salts with acids - argon doesn't form any compounds let alone salts.\nThey conduct heat well - argon is a very poor conductor of heat.\nSo argon doesn't qualify as a metal on any count.
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why do you need it?  how much do you want to spend to figure out what it is, or what alloy it is. \n\nyou can just do the density measurement\nmeasure the radius of the wire and length. \ndo the pi r squared length deal and then weigh it, and run it through the density equation. \n\nyou need a ruler and a calipers or micrometer that reads in inches. \n\nso lets say you have .125 inch wire.  divide that by 2 to get the radius. =  .0625"\nthen square it.  .0039" and multiply by 3.14. \n\nand multiply it by the length in inches  \n\nthen weigh it.  in lbs. \n\ndensity of al is between .096 lb/cu in. and .100 lb/cu in\n\nyou might want to buy wire that is certified as the type of aluminum you need.  the stuff is cheap.  you can get at the electical supply store or maybe a hardware store. \n\nwiring used for electical applications is 8000 series alloy for modern applications \n\nolder wire is 1350 alloy.
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There are a lot of Inconel alloys, but I think they are primarily nickel based, not iron.  They are used for high temperature applications such as jet engines.  \n\nWhile they can be welded, you really need to be careful if there are any safety concerns, that the welding doesn't introduce any problems.
241996
http://spontaneousmaterials.com/Papers/REPMW90.pdf\n\nAn excellent article on the myths and usages of lanthanides
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Nichrome\n(A nickel-chromium alloy commonly used in heating elements) has 1.50 × 10−6 ohm meters
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An amalgam is any alloy of mercury. Most metals are soluble in mercury, but some (such as iron) are not. Amalgams are commonly used in dental fillings.\n\nAn amalgam is also any combination of two or more different things.