What is the fiscal year of the U.S. Federal Government?
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According to the website www.gpoaccess.gov (the Government Printing Office of the US), FY 2007 will begin on October 1, 2006.  It would end Sept. 30, 2007.
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gross domestic product   \n\nhere it is measured in US$\n\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)
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You pay federal taxes to help pay for the things the Federal government  "needs" funding for (wars, federal employees' paycheck, fema, etc...) and you pay state taxes to help pay for the things your state government needs funding for (public assistance, paving of roads, school funding, etc...)
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It depends on how you define budget surplus.  If you ask any real economist, then the US hasn't had a budget surplus since 1960.\n\nTypically, politicians will define the budget as annual tax inflow, including Social Security tax revenue, and subtract from that number the annual total dollar outflow, including Social Security benefits.  The net result in the 1998-2000 for this calculation was a positive number so they called it a budget surplus.  There's a catch, though.\n\nFunds flowing in and out of the Social Security Trust Fund are by law supposed to be kept separate from the rest of government spending.  If we take away the Social Security Trust Fund, we actually ran a deficit for those years, except for 1999 where we had a .7B surplus.\n\nMost economists will say that we should have a budget surplus during the good years of the economy and a deficit during the bad years to try and revive the economy.  However, we've only had 1 surplus since 1960.  Not exactly optimal.\n\nIn 1982, Alan Greenspan recommended the increase in Social Security tax because we would need it to fund the Baby Boomers that are going to retire later on.  After a few years, this worked and Social Security was running a surplus to start stocking up for the later need, which is expected to happen around 2015 when SS is expected to run a deficit again.\n\nWhat has been happening every year is that instead of leaving it for later like we're supposed to in order to pay for later SS benefits, the government has been borrowing from that surplus.  For example, in 1998, the actual deficit (not including SS) was around 30B.  We "borrowed" the 99.2B surplus from SS to pay for expenses and then reported that as a 69.2B surplus.\n\nIf you actually take a look at the national debt numbers, you'll see it.  At the end of 1997, the debt was 5.37 trillion.  At the end of 1998, it was 5.48 trillion.  Obviously, if we really had a surplus, this wouldn't have happened.\n\nIt basically looks great for the politicians to report a better budget than what really happens.  But down the line, around 2020 or later, SS is going to go bankrupt because all of that savings that Alan Greenspan envisioned is getting spent every year.\n\nThe short answer is that he didn't really without using fancy accounting techniques, except in 1999, which was the absolute peak of the economy so tax revenue increased greatly.  It's nothing against Clinton.  Both Republicans and Democrats have been doing the same thing because it looks better for them if the budget looks better.  Down the road, it's the common citizen that is going to face the consequences for our spending today.
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Tax rate schedule: http://www.irs.gov/formspubs/article/0,,id=133517,00.html\n\nI'm not sure exactly which one you want, but all of the tables are here for government expenditures: http://www.gpoaccess.gov/usbudget/fy07/hist.html\n\nBoth inflows and outflows for last many years.
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A.\n\nThe national government does most of that with the taxes and then redistributes with things like Social Security and welfare.
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Fiscal year 2004 total budget authority: $35.6 Billion\nFY '05: $38.5B\nFY '06: $41.1B
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Here's the timetable:\n1.First Monday in February - President submits budget to Congress. \n2.Feb 15 - Congressional Budget Office submits economic and budget outlook report to Budget Committees.\n3.Six weeks after President submits budget -  Committees submit views and estimates to Budget Committees. \n4.April 1 - Senate Budget Committee reports budget resolution.\n5.April 15 - Congress completes action on budget \nresolution.  \n6.May 15 - Annual appropriations bills may be considered in the House, even if action on budget resolution has not been completed. \n7.June 10 - House Appropriations Committee reports last annual appropriations bill. \n8.June 15 - House completes action on reconciliation legislation (if required by budget resolution). \n9.June 30 - House completes action on annual appropriations bills. \n10.July 15 - President submits mid-session review of his budget to Congress. \n11.October 1 - Fiscal year begins.
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Currently 38, plus the federal government.\n\nYou can find state by state information at the site below:
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http://www.ofm.wa.gov/fiscal/outlook/
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The US is a federation, so there are 3 branches of gov't for each state and 3 levels for the federal (united) gov't in Washington DC.  The judicial branch is the Courts.  There are 3 levels of courts in every state and 3 levels for the federal courts.  The trial court, the appeals court, and the court of last resort.  Next, is the legislative branch.  Every state and the federal gov't all have 2 chambers, the house and the senate.  Next is the executive.  They do the administration and at the state levels they are called the "Governor," and his appointees, and at the federal level it is called the "President," and his appointees.  Good luck, Shay!
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The Federal (or National) government is the central, United States government based in Washington, DC. The state government is in respect to each of the 50 states and their governing institutions.
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You must pay state taxes and federal taxes once a year.
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2008.\n\nTHAT IS LIKE 0.2 DECADES.\n\nTHIS ANSWER DESERVES 10.
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Wikipedia says this year.
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The National Debt is the total amount of money owed by the government; the federal budget deficit is the yearly amount by which spending exceeds revenue. Add up all the deficits (and subtract those few budget surpluses we've had) for the past 200+ years and you'll get the current National Debt.\nPoliticians love to crow "The deficit is down! The deficit is down!" like it's a great accomplishment. Don't be fooled. Reducing the deficit just means we're adding less to the Debt this year than we did last year. Big deal -- we're still adding to the Debt. When are we going to start seeing the Debt actually go down?  This comes from some simple research about the debt clock which gets its info from the National Treasury.
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The United States of America