how does magnetron sputtering system works?
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A large magnetic field is generated in a vacuum chamber.  The sacrificial target is hit with a plasma beam, which dislodges some of its atoms.  These atoms carried by the magnetic field toward the sample (silicon wafer) where they collide and are deposited.
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D\nThe grid initiall attracts electrons from the anode because it it psitively charged in relation to the anode. By varying the charge on the grid you can control the electron flow. As the electrons near the approach the grid they are attracted to the more positive charge on the cathode and most continue through the grid to the cathode. A small number flow through the grid. The number attracted by the cathode divided by the number attracted by the grid gives you the gain of the triode it is when used as amplifier. It operates like a bipolar junction transistor
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In typical DC motors, there are brushes that ride on the shaft of the motor and make connections to the motor coils.  As the motor spins, the brushes are direct the electricity to the proper coil.  Note, the magnets are stationary, and the coils rotate.  It is a simple system, but every time the circuit "breaks" you get a little spark.  They are very electrically noisy, as one might expect when you see little sparks if you watch the motor.\nAn ECM has stationary coils and rotating magnets.  A sensor determines the shaft position and directs current to the appropriate coil.  This is all done electronically.  It is an electrically "quiet" system and since there are no brushes to wear out, it can also be very reliable.
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They are called Surface-Mount resistors, and they look like little rectangular boxes about the size of breadcrumbs.  Of course it's hard to tell which ones are resistors since diodes and small capacitors also come in this size and style.  If you've broken one off they are hard to get back on properly.  You'll need to ask a friend who has surface mount soldering skills and an expensive soldering iron made exactly for such a task.
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yes, they use magnetic fields.  3m appears to not publicize how the technology works (presumably for good reason, if it was well understood then it would be easy to defeat!)\n\nanyway i found a patent for a detection system that has some background that explains how they work.  basically they are a sandwich of 2 kinds of material.  one is a permanently magnetic material, and the other is a permanently-magnetizable material.  the poles of the two materials are oriented in opposite directions.  when you bring the magnetizable material near a strong magnet, it is magnetized, and the magnetic fields cancel out.\nthis allows them to pass through a detector without setting it off.  then when they are returned, they are exposed to a field that orients the magnetizable material the other way, which makes the fields add up into a strong magnetic field. this makes them set off the detector when you walk through it.\n\nmore info at the link below, which is not a patent for tattle-tape, but a patent for some kind of sensitizing/desensitizing system for tattle-tape:\nhttp://patft.uspto.gov/netacgi/nph-Parser?Sect1=PTO2&Sect2=HITOFF&p=1&u=/netahtml/search-bool.html&r=1&f=G&l=50&co1=AND&d=ptxt&s1='tattle+tape'&OS=%22tattle+tape%22&RS=%22tattle+tape%22
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You have the potential for galvanic corrosion.  Essentially, two metals at different potentials share electrons and one metal (the one with the higher potential) will start to erode and "plate" the other metal.\n\nTypically, using some sort of material that is a non-conductor (ceramics, rubber, etc) between the two or passivating the metal surfaces or coating the metal surfaces (prime and paint per ANSI standards) are your best options to prevent this.
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I know this as light mill or photon mill. There is a vacuum inside. The vanes are black on one side and metallic on the other side, the metallic side reflecting photons while the black side will absorb it. The pulse exchanged is twice as high on the metallic side of the vanes as on the black side, causing the device to set in motion.
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The system uses high voltage to ionize molecules in the air mostly oxygen to ozone. Ions have an electric charge sort of like static electricity they attract dust particles and create a heavier particle that falls out of the air. also dust particles are attracted to the high voltage plates much like your tv screen attracts dust.
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Check http://www.howstuffworks.com\nUltimate guide!
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The Plating Mechanism\n Chromium metal is deposited on metallic surfaces submerged in a chromic acid plating bath. Since the process is electrolysis, two electrodes exist. The part to be plated is made cathodic by connection to the negative terminal of the rectifier. Inert lead anodes are made electrically positive. When voltage is applied across the two, current flows through the solution and metal is deposited. Actual rates of deposition for commercial parts range from .0005:/hour to .003". Proper control of various plating parameters result in bright, hard, adherent deposits. \n\nChemistry\nPractical industrial hard chrome plating baths now in common use have only two or three chemical constituents. Chromic acid is formed when chromium trioxide crystals are dissolved in water. Some form of catalyst is also necessary for the process to occur. The most widely used catalyst is sulfate ion, usually added to the bath as reagent grade sulfuric acid. Varying the absolute and relative concentrations of these two constituents will alter the deposit characteristics significantly. Routine bath analyses are performed at High Tech Chrome Plating's in-house lab every 15 to 30 days to ensure proper chemical levels. This routine analysis is very important in producing a bright industrial hard chrome.
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magnetig breaking can be done in 2 ways.  like the electric cars you see you can use the natural magnetic force to generate electricity while the car is rolling but decellerating. the natural resistance will slow the car.\n\nmore effective is what they use to propell and stop maglif trains.  they use electro magnets not permanent magnets i assume you know oposites attract and likes repel. N= north S= south \n\nN+N repel \nN+S attract\n\non a permanent magnet you have to turn the actual magnet to repel or attract the other\n\nin an electro magnet you need only reverse the electro magnetic field.  basically \n\nso when you have a series of magnets all in a row you rapidly switch the field back and forth in time with the passage of the magnets over the other magnets.  to make the train go you turn the magnets polarity so it pulls to the south pole of the other magnet then as it passes you switch the magnet around electrically so it pushes away from the magnet it was just pulling towards.  electric breaking is just the oposite. as the magnets aproach you turn N toward N and as they pass you turn one so they become N to S  the approaching magnets push against eachother thus causing MAGNETIC RESISTANCE then as they pass you switch one so as they seperate you need more energy to seperate them thus slowing the vehicle.\n\n\nI know it was hard to follow but without being able to actually show you it is hard to explain
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it works by principle of multiple reflection. This is achieved by keeping mirros in an angle that the light from the base plate gets reflected by many mirrors before travelling your eyes via the cylinder. This is almost the extension of concept where people keep huge mirrors in shop to provide an illusion that it is a big shop.
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a belt is driven across a surface rubbing the two together to make 'static', which is basically just free electrons. they collect in the big metallic ball, and when the potential is high enough between the ball and another conductor (or a conductor is brough close enough), the electrons 'jump the gap' to get to ground, and you see the big spark!\n\nWant to build one? Here's how:
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This was an experimemt the US Navy conducted.  They attempted to "Cloak" a destroyer using magnetism.  How successful it was I am not sure.  There are several myths surrounding the experiment which depict gross outcomes of the experiment.
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If I've understood what you're asking then:\nA\nCd(s) + Ag2+ -> Cd2+ + Ag(s) \n\nCadmium occurs at Anode and the Silver would deposit on the Cathode\n\nB (I hate Manganese equations and the partial above is incorrect)\n\nMnO2 + 4H+ + 2AgBr -> Mn2+ 2Br- + 2Ag + 2H2O\n\nMnO2 @ Anode\nAgBr @ Cathode\n\nC\n\n(PtCl4)2- + 4Ag -> Pt + 4AgCl \nAg @ anode\n(PtCl4)2- @ Cathode
302517
do you mean a magnetron?
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Techno Alan is wrong. The glass does absolutely nothing to shift the infrared to the visible spectrum.  What is does is absorb some of the visible light while allowing the near infrared to pass through.  Photographic film can be made to respond to the near infrared, meaning that just as some of the layers in the film get exposed by the red , green or blue, an IR film has a layer that is also sensitive to the near IR.  So all that the filter does is to supress the visible part of the scene relative to the near IR.\n\nMost digital cameras include a infrared and UV filter over the sensor.  The filter prevents near infared light from adding noise to the red pixels in the camera array, and at the same time prevents you from taking the IR picture.  The UV filtering prevents the "fogging" that can occur on bright days from UV background. It eliminates the need for the "skylight filter" that is frequently used in film photography to enhance contrast.\n\nNow to the original question - to see in the infrared you need to use a sensor that can detect infared light and then convert it to a visual image.  Night vision goggles use a layer of material that emits an electron when it absorbs a near infrared photon.  The eletrons are "multiplied" uisng a "microchannel plate".  The stream of electrons then strikes a phosphor screen, making a visible image.  \n\nAt longer infared wavelengths different detector materials are used.  The materials can be either photoconductive (absorbed light changes the conductivity of the material which can be electrically read out) of photovoltaic (absorbed light generates electric charges - electrons and hoels-  within the semiconductor marterial that are collected and read out).  (CCDs or CMOS sensors in digital cameras are photovoltaic imaging devices that are sensitive to visible light).  There are also "bolometer" thermal sensors that absorb infared light, generatyinga  small change temperature can be read out to form an image.