what is the difference between identity theory and token physicalism?
99782
The distinction is easily illustrated by way of example. In the phrase "yellow is yellow is yellow is yellow", there are only two types of words ("yellow" and "is") but there are seven tokens (four of one and three of the other). The thesis of token physicalism consists in the idea that mental event types (e.g. pain in all individual organisms of all species at all times) are, at least contingently, identical with specific event types in the brain (e.g. C-fibre firings in all individual organisms of all species and at all times).
114166
theoretically the identity has nothing to do with what you're talking about. that's the definition of a colligative property.\nin reality it might make a little difference but you're probably safe to ignore it.
1106835
They are both equal depending on your approach and comprehension.  Scientifically, every thing is based on cause and effect, thus matter is not eternal nor perfect b/c it must have a beginning.  If it was perfect/eternal, then it would not change but it does.  Thus an Originator is required into the equation of existence.  I just added this 2nd part b/c I thought it may be interesting for you.
90950
Interesting question. If you refer to an identity for american culture, my guess is that identity comes from multiculturalism, the meeting point of various cultures and cultural values and cultural viewpoints. America (both as a continent and as the US of A) is home to so many nationalities that one might get lost in trying to find what American culture is about or what being an american really is.\nSo my opinion is that multi (or pluriculturalism, not sure which is best used) is the identifier here. At least it should be, because an environment which harbors such diversity should promote understanding, empathy and coexistance for those cultures which are part of it, something that the USA declares itself to be upholding, but its internal and external policies seem to disagree.
1150523
Individuality versus state control I think. I read it a long time a ago.
493451
yea, those arent' words.\n\nCreationism is religion\nEvolution is science\nThey are not in the same category to compare.
943918
In Christianity, God created man in His own image. No one knows what God looks like as we are in human form. I think that image is of seeking knowledge and a conscious of right and wrong and the need to survive. Psychology is the study of mans mind, his thought capabilities, emotional triggers, (stimuli) and others. The word stimuli is key, for example you can give a list of careers to 3rd graders and ask them to read well and then form a line a verbalize which career they want to be. The majority will give the same answers. This often is not what they have considered, but that they do not want to stand alone, or go against the tide. Many personality traits of people are followers.( amicable) They do as their fathers tell them as far as religion/sects or politics too.
248006
Ideology deals more with social, economic, or political beliefs; whereas religion deals more with supernatural, spiritual, and theistic beliefs.\n\nIdeology:\n\n"A set of doctrines or beliefs that form the basis of a political, economic, or other system." \n\nReligion:\n\n"Belief in and reverence for a supernatural power or powers regarded as creator and governor of the universe."
561954
They are the three parts of the human mind, per Sigmund Freud. The id relates to the physical aspects of the body. The ego relates to thinking and making decisions. The superego is the subconscious mind.
110583
Both are human derevatives.  They are just different brands.
876318
Someone's been reading Ursula K. Le Guin.   Interesting stuff...have a look at Left Hand of Darkness if you haven't already read it.\n\nDo you mean gender, a sociological construct, or sex, a physical one?  If you mean gender, well, get a big pitcher and some pizza and several good friends, because it's a long discussion in the making.
963700
A politically correct person sees the differences in people, and rushes in to 'save' the 'poor, misunderstood, and needy' different entity.\n\nA realist sees the differences and just doesn't see them as important.\n\nA racist sees the differences between people and magnifies his own self-worth based on those differences, because he/she has a deep-seated need to improve his/her own bad self-image.\n\nA bit over-simplistic maybe, but essentially accurate.
246780
Society is derived from the biological. ( biology; the study of living organisms) This also means " socially determined" sexual identity" Perhaps you meant psychological. When you take the dichotomy out of your question and pose it in a better form I will answer.
359432
'Cultural': relating to the habits, traditions and beliefs of a society.\n\n'Identity': who a person is, or the qualities of a person or group which make them different from others.\n\nNow, culture provides:\n1. a particular view or understanding of the world. \n2. rules and patterns of behaviours.\n\nThe mexican culture is a clash of two different cultures that fusioned.  \n\nIn mexico there is a high regard for parties and celebrations... we even celebrate the day of the deads... and I don't feel identified with this traditions and behaviours because I don't agree with making a big celebration of 'nothing'... Low-income people spend all their savings in weedings and parties that they give to their relatives or extended family and even neighbours just because it gives them status... how silly!  I do not identify with that but I understand it.  Also mexicans are always 'worried' about the future and they daydream about winning the lottery... or that things will come from heaven... they never take their present and plan from it... they built up on water, as it were, and I'm not like that.  Also mexicans are too religious but they are religious because 'yes'... Do you believe in GOD? 'yes' Why? 'I don't know but I believe'... hmmm I'm not like that... Also mexicans say that it is better to do something even if it is not well done but it is done... and I think that if you are to do something (anything) you have to do it in the best possible way.  Also mexicans have a saying 'There's more time than life'... and they don't care if they arrive on time or not... as they see the future events as a 'question mark'... because of what I already said, they do not see unpunctuality as an offense and I do.\n\nI hope that answers what you're looking for.
797946
Individual versus Group Behavior\n\n\n"The passions released are of such an impetuosity that they can be restrained by nothing...Everything is just as though he really were transported into a special world, entirely different from the old one where he ordinarily lives, and into an environment filled with exceptionally intense forces that take hold of him and metamorphose him" \n\nEmile Durkheim on Group Consciousness (1965)\n\nThe discussions we have been having in class about the brain and the self as well as the idea that we are constantly changing led me to think about group versus individual behavior. Although some people may feel otherwise, I think we are all influenced – in different degrees – by others. All of us, at one time or another, have known what it is like to be part of a group. However, there often seems to be a negative feeling towards the group, with more focus being put on negative group behavior. This paper is an exploration on group and individual behavior and thought. Are certain people more group oriented? Are others more individual minded? Which one is the "real" self?\n\nAccording to an article I read, the biological explanation behind why we behave differently when we are in a group as opposed to being on our own is that the limbic system in the brain, which is involved with emotional activity, dominates the person's actions and thinking, and therefore suppresses the neo-cortex, or the logical thinking part of the brain when a person joins a crowd. Therefore, the person acts irrationally because he or she is under "emotional pressure (1)." The author of the article uses the stock market as an analogy, stating that the reason why markets crash – in various societies, rich or poor – after a sudden boom, is that people tend to follow crowds (1). This analogy leads me to ask whether non-Western societies are therefore irrational, since they are regarded as collectivists. And also, if stock brokers in various societies act in the same irrational manner, does that not prove that individuals in different societies behave the same? These two ideas seem contradictory to me and also, they raise many questions regarding the idea that joining a group means loss of rationality.\n\nWhen I studied psychology, it was always made clear that western and non-western psychology were different because of the western emphasis on individuality and the collectivist nature of non-western societies. Statements like these make clear and definite comparisons between western and non-western societies: "Western societies often define adjustment by one's level of individuality, independence, and achievement promoting emotional detachment from social groups...Contrary to Western cultures, many Eastern cultures endorse a communal view of society and do not conceptualize a person apart from his or her relationships." (2). Furthermore, it was stated that social hierarchy, social support, and interdependence are highly valued in these (non-western) cultures. Thus, these different views lead psychoanalysts to believe that Western groups would endorse antisocial coping strategies (strategies targeting independence and self-advancement) and non-Western groups would be more likely to endorse prosocial coping strategies (strategies targeting joining with others for support and considering the needs of others).\n\nBut is this really fair? I was raised in a non-western society but I do not feel that I have no individual self. My American friends are no less loyal in their friendships and consider the needs of others. In an unrelated study performed on groups of boys and girls that concluded that there are gender differences in the way we learn, Dr. Grobstein, professor of neurobiology at Bryn Mawr college responded to the study by stating that, "Population differences, while real are of no use whatsoever in characterizing a given male or female...For any particular measure, a given m
193225
one is based on concepts-reality. the other is based on theory's-something unproven
1157099
The difference is:\n\nSpiritual Man: The spiritual man is the person beneath the skin.  The person's voice that you hear inside of you.  Spiritual Man can also mean Spiritual Person, one being very "centered" or "religious conscious" or one who has understanding beyond "reality".\n\nFleshly Man:  The fleshy man operates in the flesh, in other words they are led by there emotions, things they see, things they feel (to touch).  The person can also be defined as superficial.  Ex: To operate "in the flesh" is to take no consideration of "spiritual" things.\n\nPhysical Man:  The physical man is the natural body in its state.  Your eyes, skin, etc. \n\nEx:  You must nourish your physical man with food and you Spirit Man with truth.