heated steel to red hot and blasted with liquid nitrogen. What will the effect be on the steel?
127575
I would guess that the steel would cool down so quickly that it would crack.
330836
Technically a process can require the addition or extraction/removal of heat ENERGY.\n\nI cannot off the top of my head recognize a chem formula any longer, but adding oxygen to any system is oxidation and generates its own heat.  Tehcnically even iron rusting generates heat, just a very small amount, since any metal "rusting" is just it oxidizing.  \n\nAs far as the ice cubes, simply the removal of heat will not cause water molecule to become ice crystals,  I apologize, but I forget why.  I remember an experiment I saw and tried.  In a very clean container, pour distilled water. Now cover that container with another container that does not touch the first.  (Like putting a big bowl over a smaller bowl with the distilled water.  The water stays liquid all the way down to around -20 C.  But if you damage the stablility of the bowl by say gently tapping the side, the water will then turn to a solid.\n\nSnow in clouds form when the water molucle has a dust mote or other item to cling to and begin forming the ice crystal which eventually gets heavy enough to possibly fall all the way to the ground.
87010
C. Alloy.  Steel is iron with some carbon added.
398824
1) Raise the temperature from -20°C to 0°C:\nMass of ice * specific heat of ice * temperature rise\n10.0g * 2.1 J/g K * 20° = 420 J\n2) Melt the ice:\nMass of ice * Heat of Fusion\n10g * 333J/g = 3330 J\n3) Raise the temperature from 0°C to 100°C:\nMass of water * specific heat of water * temperature rise\n10.0g * 4.2 J/g K * 100° = 4200 J\n4) Evaporate the water:\nMass of water * Heat of Vaporization\n10.0g * 2260J/g = 22600 J\n5) Raise the temperature from 100°C to 120°C:\nMass of steam * specific heat of steam * temperature rise\n10.0g * 2.0 J/g K * 20° = 400 J\n\n6) Addition: 420 + 3330 + 4200 + 22600 + 400 = 30950 J
48703
Most corrosion is on the outside so it really doesn't make a difference, hot or cold. What determines corrosion is the \nenvironment outside of the pipe.
131586
The coefficient of thermal expansion of steel (assuming you are using a steel tape) is about 0.0000065/ degree F. A difference of 15 degrees in temperature will cause a change in length of nearly 0.01 feet in a 100 foot tape. Therefore a measurement made with a steel tape on an extremely hot day in the summer cannot be expected to agree with one mage during zero weather.\n\nThere is a formula for this (in English system) for the amount for correction for temperature:\n\nC=Lα(T-t)\nWhere C is the correction applied\nL is the length in feet\nT is the temperature at which the tape was used\nT is the temperature at which the tape was standardized\nΑ is the coefficient of thermal expansion.\n\nThere should be a formula just like this but with a different coefficient of thermal expansion in metric.
119487
It would depend on what the pan is made from.  In all likelihood, the stove coil will not generate sufficient heat energy to melt the pan.  Remember that the coil is usually made out of metal alloys as well and would be subject to melting down as well if allowed to get too hot.
245178
A liquid is not frozen, it is liquid. Liquid nitrogen is liquid, you can pour it. Freezing Point @ 1 atm: -346.0°F (-210.0°C, 63oK) puts it in a solid state.
272569
1.  Steel weakens long before it melts.  Melting is the point of turning to liquid, just like we learned in science class.\n\nJet fuel burns at 800° to 1500°F, not hot enough to melt steel (2750°F). However, experts agree that for the towers to collapse, their steel frames didn't need to melt, they just had to lose some of their structural strength--and that required exposure to much less heat. "I have never seen melted steel in a building fire," says retired New York deputy fire chief Vincent Dunn, author of The Collapse Of Burning Buildings: A Guide To Fireground Safety. "But I've seen a lot of twisted, warped, bent and sagging steel. What happens is that the steel tries to expand at both ends, but when it can no longer expand, it sags and the surrounding concrete cracks."\n\n"Steel loses about 50 percent of its strength at 1100°F," notes senior engineer Farid Alfawak-hiri of the American Institute of Steel Construction. "And at 1800° it is probably at less than 10 percent." NIST also believes that a great deal of the spray-on fireproofing insulation was likely knocked off the steel beams that were in the path of the crashing jets, leaving the metal more vulnerable to the heat.\n\nBut jet fuel wasn't the only thing burning, notes Forman Williams, a professor of engineering at the University of California, San Diego, and one of seven structural engineers and fire experts that PM consulted. He says that while the jet fuel was the catalyst for the WTC fires, the resulting inferno was intensified by the combustible material inside the buildings, including rugs, curtains, furniture and paper. NIST reports that pockets of fire hit 1832°F.\n\n"The jet fuel was the ignition source," Williams tells PM. "It burned for maybe 10 minutes, and [the towers] were still standing in 10 minutes. It was the rest of the stuff burning afterward that was responsible for the heat transfer that eventually brought them down."\n\n2.  Towers & WTC came down like engineered demolition: Yes, it was LIKE a demolition, however just because the effect is the same does not mean the cause is the same. The pancaking effect is the result of structural failure of floor support system, and can be caused by numerous forms of structural catastrophe, including weakened support by fire.  \n\nJust because you don't like the magazine means that all of his sources were bogus and none of it makes sense right? I am an engineer, and I know that the simplest explanation is usually correct. Show me someone who knows what he/she is talking about, who knows about structural design, structural failure, fire-rated assemblies, and maybe they will have some credibility, unlike the "internet investigators" who read someone else's "explanation" and don't question it.\n\nThat's a contradiction in itself. They question the official 9/11 story, but don't question the conspiracy theories. Have a mind of your own, and do the research both ways.
568403
Cold Working Pressure
32119
rust is actually iron deposits from contact with  water and oxygen and iron is metal which can cause sparks but its not really dangerous your microwave wont explode like it does in the hollywood movies but i do suggest you get a new one if its a bad case of rust such as the entire side or even half the side of the microwave i dont think that all that iron could be good when it gets on your food.
193120
You are not going to be able to buy nitric acid above 70% pure.  Nitric acid pretty much dissolves anything it comes in contact with which causes for its low purity.  I would not suggest heating concentrated acid since the fumes it will produce are very dangerous.  The fumes at room temperature will even cause burns. Depending on what you are trying to do, the acid will need some oxygen to dissolve metals.  With stainless steel, a small scratch on the surface will be enough.
206740
Air is oxygen and nitrogen and that those pressures would react to form nitrous oxide or something along those lines.  People have accidentally created very high pressures, for example in welding one can trap high pressure gas in the weld which can cause the weld to crack.  Another case is certain metals when used in nuclear reactors form gas in the millions of psi range (but in very tiny amounts), again leading to cracking.
19514
adding water to potassium already causes it to explode.  you are correct - the reaction releases hydrogen and forms an oxide of potassium, and the considerably exothermic nature of the reaction generates enough heat to ignite the hydrogen gas.  so, mixing water and potassium solid typically causes a big-time explosion - just like mixing water and sodium.\n\nas for the powdered magnesium in there - i suspect that the explosion would scatter it, and it might ignite - the ignition temperature for magnesium metal is 450 C - so you'd probably end up with white-hot burning magnesium shrapnel flying everywhere!\n\nso, if you're ever thinking about making a nasty bomb, sounds like a good way to do it.
15289
if u are welding steel with gas wire using co2 argon pushthe wire in the direction that your welding enless u are doing virtical then start at the top of the weld with the cup pointed upward slightly ofcourse proper heat and wire feed ned 2 be use ase a rule it should sound like your fryng eggs
309343
If the brass is 'half-hard', you would need to make a cold-reduction by running the parts through a set of rollers.  You can feed the part (with a set of tweezers) through the rollers.\n\nUnfortunately, the rollers will squeeze the part vertically (thickness), but also horizontally.  This will distort the part.  \n\nA better solution is to purchase "spring temper" brass and do the chemical etching on the spring temper material; that way, no cold reduction is needed.\n\nA 60.5% reduction from the annealed state will get you a spring temper on 70%Cu30%Zn alloy; this means you'll need approximately another 40% reduction to get to spring temper.
354040
Taking the question in a simple way, if the liq. N2 was at the midway temp. of  -150 deg. Cent., (liq. N2 ranges from -100 to -200 deg. cent.), the banana could roughly take 30-40 min., with all the ice-wool formation in the air, then melting of the snow, then catching up with the room temp. This is from experience. To have a scientific estimation though, you need to consider N2 temp., room temp, mass of the object, shape of the object, other factors like air currents if any, and  also any radiation present.