Can some one tell me what is the deffrence between Addition & Condensation Polymerization?
121209
In addition polymerization, many small units of the same type called monomers combine to form a long chain of a polymer, with simple covalent bonds and no loss of a molecule. For this polymerization to occur, the monomer must have a C=C double bond, because polymerization takes place across the double bond E.g. formation of polyethene from ethene; polypropene from propene etc.\n\nIn condensation polymerization, two same monomers or two different monomers combine to form a polymer, with the elimination of a small molecule like H20. Here, a double bond need not be present. E.g. formation of proteins from aminoacids etc.
326527
See if these help\n\nhttp://www.pslc.ws/macrog.htm\n\nhttp://www-classes.usc.edu/engr/ms/125/MDA125/polymers_files/frame.htm
546324
The first answer is correct.\n\nThe second answer confuses kinetics with thermodynamics.  A catalyst only affects the rate of the reaction and has no bearing on the spontaneity of the reaction.  A catalyst is used in the Haber process to reduce the amount of residence time needed in the reactor.
319335
1.) do your own homework\n2.) this is the computer forum, not high-school chemistry.  Next time post to the right furom.
406767
This is a tricky question. Perhaps reading: http://www.newton.dep.anl.gov/askasci/chem03/chem03067.htm will help.
288065
From which perspective?  Reactions or Transport or both?\n\nLike, if you want to do reactions, you can give a rate law for absorption and reaction on a catalyst.  Solve for the PBR size necessary to give X % conversion of the reactants.\n\nFrom a mass transport standpoint, perhaps look at the mass flux of reactant to a catalyst surface?
437073
a) 2C2H6 + 7O2  --> 4CO2 + 6H2O\n\nb) C6H12 + 9O2  --> 6CO2 + 6H2O\n\nc) C5H12 + 8O2  --> 5CO2 + 6H2O\n\nYou must apply Markovnikov rule for the next addition reactions:\n\na) CH2=CHCH2CH3 + HCl  --> CH3CH(Cl)CH2CH3\n\nb) CH2=C(CH3)CH3 + HBr  --> CH3-CBr(CH3)CH3
118604
Well i can't paste that on here for you...but consult this link; http://www.abb.com/GLOBAL/NOOFS/noofs187.nsf/viewunid/713C646EB0A24CCBC12569EE0036977F/$file/PS.pdf#search='MAKING%20POLYSTYRENE%2C%20process%20flow%20diagram'\n\nIf u can't access via the above link, go to http://www.search.abb.com Then type 'making polystyrene' or :PS Web 2001" Folow the first link...its a pdf file.
277026
Polymers are made when you have a single unit -- a monomer -- that can react with other units to form a long chain.  As such, an alkane such as methane or ethane cannot form a polymer, since there is no way for them to polymerize.\n\nHowever, and alkEne, such as ethylene -- with a chemical structure H2C=CH2 -- can polymerize, becuase the double bond can be broken and add two more monomers to start forming the chain.  This is how polyethylene is made.  The double bond can also participate in cross-linking with other chains, which alters the properties of the polymer.\n\nPolyesters are the result of the reaction of a di-carboxylic acid with a glycol.  Carbohydrate monomers can link up to form dimers, trimers, and longer polymers that create the backbones of many living systems.  Polyisoprene is the name for natural rubber -- another polymer.\n\nPolymer science is a huge, and growing subset of chemistry.
128486
I'll go out on a limb and suppose that you need some very simple projects that can demonstrate polymer properties to the layperson.\n\nPhysics:  \n\nIf you take a rubber band, an elastomer, suspend a weight from it, and gently heat the rubber band with something like a hair drier, you can demonstrate that polymer chains prefer to adopt a random coil configuration rather than a straight, linear configuration. (I'll leave out the basic thermodynamic details so you can delve deeper into the subject.)\n\n\nChemistry:\n\nTo demonstrate the differences in size between polymers and small molecules, look up the size of a single water molecule and then get a piece of foam rubber.  The water molecule's size is on the order of Angstroms, while the foam rubber is essentially one gigantic molecule.\n\nIf you have access to sebacoyl chloride and hexamethylene diamine, you can make Nylon-6 by using equal parts of both reactants.  The polymer forms at the interface of the two liquids, and you can use tweezers to pull the polymer out of the reaction vessel.  NOTE:  Proper safety precautions MUST be followed as both chemicals are irritants. \n\nI've left out sources and a lot of other details so you can research the physics/chemistry of the examples given here.
44019
Hope this is what you need... \nWhen dissolving Co-solvent type polyamide resin the solid content is 40% and the solvent to dissolve it is Benzene and Isopropanol with a proportionality of 7 to 3. \nWhen dissolving Alcohol-soluble type polyamide resin, for 2400 type the solid content is 40% and the solvent to dissolve it is Ethyl Alcohol(95% purity) and Isopropanol with a proportionality of 1 to 1 while the other type of Alcohol-soluble polyamide resin the solid content is 50% and the solvent is Ethyl Alcohol(95% purity).
193619
The most fundamental equation to both areas is:\n\nAccumulation = Inputs - Outputs + Generation - Consumption\n\nMost everything else builds on that basic equation.  The thing is, there are entire textbooks for mass transfer and thermodynamics.  Similarly, different fields of engineering use different specialized forms of the equations.  I would suggest reading some textbooks.  If you have a more specific question, ask it, but for such a broad question, you need to refer to the text books and read.\n\nAs a chemical engineer, I would suggest:\n\nThermodynamics:\nJ Richard Elliott and Lira's Intro to Thermo book\n\nMass Transfer:\nBird, Stewart, and Lightfoot Transport Phenomena (THE Bible of fluid flow)\nMcCabe, Smith, and Harriet Mass Transfer Operations (more about unit operations... distillation, pumping, etc)
7064
Perhaps this site can help: http://www.devicelink.com/mddi/archive/00/01/008.html\n\n"The process of plasma surface modification on polymer, fluoropolymer, and other plastic surfaces can be divided into four distinct mechanisms: ablation, cross-linking, activation, and deposition."
116806
It works fine for me.. by the way here is the info on that page if you need id..\n\n\n***********************************************\n  Article\nThermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate containing a polymeric additive \nT. J. Thomas, U. S. Nandi \nDepartment of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560 012 (India)\n \n\nAbstract \nThermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) containing different concentrations of a polymeric additive such as polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) has been studied by the technique of differential thermal analysis (DTA). The decomposition products have been identified by means of a mass spectrometer. The results of these two experiments suggest strong interaction between AP and PVP in the solid state. \n\n\n\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\nDigital Object Identifier (DOI) \n\n10.1002/prep.19780030502  About DOI\n\n  \n\n\nRelated Articles\nFind other articles like this in Wiley InterScience \nFind articles in Wiley InterScience written by any of the authors \nWiley InterScience is a member of CrossRef.
160015
Try finding the standard reduction potential for Cu and NO first then use those poteintial rxn equ to form the above full reaction afterwhich simply add or substract the poteinital u find to get E for the above reaction. \n\nSince E is proportional to the rate constate, u can use the above concentration as well as partial pressure to calculate the rate constant and hence E. Taking care that rate constant is the concentration/partial pressure of the reactant over the product!
292426
A. Condensation. One might say D. but this would be wrong because the vapour has first to condense into tiny droplets (in clouds) which then clump together to form rain or snow (precipitation).\n\nNote that the other answers are 'blinds'. Nitrogen fixation has nothing to do with the water cycle. Recycling refers to re-using waste material. They are put there to test whether you know absolutely nothing, have heard some words about it, understand a little or have a good grasp of the subject.\n\nIf the question were marked out of 2, I would give 2 marks to A., 1 mark to D., maybe half a mark to C. if I felt the rest of the answers in the paper showed promise and no marks to B.\n\nWhen you are doing tests, it very often helps to ask, "Why are they asking this question?", "What piece of knowledge are they testing?" and "Why these particular options?"
281072
I agree with the first poster on C and E, but I'm not sure if A is also.  A solute dissolving in a solvent seems like a chemical process to me, but I don't remember for sure.