WHat are the possible nodisjunction events (M1 or M2) in the mom or the dad that could lead to a daughter with Turner's syndrome? \n(The daughter has a recessive x linked disease inherited from the dad.)
134227
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turner_syndrome#Genetics
638290
have they tried genetic counseling or stuff like that?  here's one u havent heard. has she been to the chiropartor lately? if an xray is done on her spine, it can show if there are subluxations on the nerves that affect her reproductive organs. she should check it out. its not hard to fix and requires no drugs.
328093
I don't see how it is false either. I mapped it out, and here's what I got. The eldest lady (grandma) could be XcXc (homozygous for colorblind). Grandpa must be XhY (hemizygous for hemophilia). This makes normal woman XcXh (the Xc would be normal for hemophilia and the Xh normal for color, masking the expression, resulting in normal). Husband must be XcY(hemizygous for colorblind). Son could inherit Xc from mom, thus being Xc (colorblind). Daughter could inherit Xh from mom and must inherit Xc from dad, thus being XcXh (the Xc would be normal for hemophilia and the Xh normal for color, masking the expression, resulting in normal). Please let me know if there is an error.\n\nSon cannot be normal; he'd be either Xc or Xh which is either colorblind or hemophilia.
633285
Can a man have, let's say, B+? Yes.\nCan a woman have, let's say, B+? Yes.\nCan they get married? Yes.\n\nExact same blood type will not be a problem. Only way for problem is if baby is + and mom is -. Only way for that to happen is if Dad is + and mom is -.
222979
Well, I have this friend that had 4 kids and lost custody cause she was a crack head & also had 50lbs too much crack, anyway she might be a good choice and she would split and leave u the kid. I would have to say there would be no gaurantee on what the babies health would be though. But thats the chance you take , along with the mixture of your DNA ! She is a nice Religious girl , just a little ate up and out there ( Somewhere, Just don't know where). Oh by the way , watch those blond jokes u leave ladies cause u look like a natural platinum blond now !
49203
100% of sons will be colorblind\n100% of daughters will be carriers\n\nYes this could stand up in court because there is no chance that the daughter recieved one of the recessive alleles from her father (because he would have to express the trait if he did).\n\nHowever, the man can still be her father, if a random mutation occured, x inactivation occured on the chromosome containing the dominant allele, chimerism, or perhaps an error in another gene caused the color-blindness...\n\nMost likely though, the man would not be her father. A deduction would not be made only on the fact that the daughter is color blind and the father isn't. A paternity test would need to be done.\n\nAnd I don't know what the hell kittybriton is talking about. People shouldn't attempt questions they don't know the answer to.
91559
Don't ride this mom so hard for being concerned about her child's well being.  The fact that the pediatrician has ordered tests rather than offer reassurance says there may be something there.  Like any disease or syndrome, Turner's can present with a spectrum of severity.  There may be some other clues like widely spaced nipples or slight neck webbing in addition to short stature and delay of menarche, that is concerning the physician.  Turner's is an absence of the second sex chromosome, so the person has 45 chromosomes and is referred to as XO, with the O meaning absence of the second X chromosome.  They can live long and meaningful lives, but don't have the capability to reproduce.  There may be slight cognitive impairment or none at all.  Best wishes on this, but even if she has Turner's remember that there are lots of worse things she could be diagnosed with.
60436
Both parent were heterozygous
495006
B. a heterozygous female\n\nHeterozygous means that she has both a dominant and recessive copy of the gene, so the recessive gene isn't expressed. Being a carrier means that she can have a daughter that is a carrier(or a daughter with the recessive gene expressed if the father has the recessive gene), a daughter that doesn't have the gene at all (if the father doesn't have the gene), or a son that may or may not have that recessive gene expressed(50% to 50%), depending onn of they get the dominant or recessive gene.\nOnce again, feel free to contact me if you need help.
315818
Realistically, none, because the chromosomes will cross over during meiosis, so none of the chromsomes will be exactly as they descended from the parents.\n\nBut if the haploid number is 6, and you pretend there's no crossing over, then there are 2^6 ways for the chromosomes to assort, and 2 of them will be 6 chromosomes from a single parent.  So that's 1 in 32, or about 3%.
176163
Yes.\n\nBoth colour blindness and hemophilia are X-linked, and recessive. This means that if you are male, you will have the trait (because you only have 1 X chromosome), but if you are female, you have to have the disease on both your X chromosomes.\n\nThe 'normal healthy woman' had to get a hemophilia-X from her father (since he only has 1 X) - call it X(h) - and he was *not* colourblind so the X(h) doesn't carry the colourblindness mutation.\n\nShe also *had* to get a colour-blind-X from her mother, since her mother has to have 2 copies in order to *be* colourblind - call it X(b). So, she is X(h) X(b).\n\nShe marries a colourblind but not hemophiliac man: he must be X(b)Y. No other option.\n\nThere are thus four different possible outcomes for their children:\n\nX(b) X(h) mates with X(b)Y:\n\nX(b) X(b) - colour blind daughter\nX(b) Y - colour blind son\nX(h) X(b) - normal daughter (but carries both recessive traits)\nX(h) Y - hemophiliac son\n\nHope that was clear enough! :)
358688
I am only a first year med student, but your topic interested me and I spent some time researching it.\n\nIt can also be called PNH (periventricular nodular heterotopia) or just PH. The most common form of the disease results from a mutation in a gene on the FLN-1 gene on the X chromosome.  What is odd is that it is a X-linked dominant mutation (most of what you hear with the X chromosome is recessive).  This means that either:\n\n-The mother of the child had it and passed it on\n-That a spontaneous mutation occured while the DNA of the egg was being copied.  (A baby girl who is born has already copied all the DNA for her future children, so it was nothing a mother could have affected through lifestyle)\n-A third option is that it is caused by something called "somatic mosaicism".  This is a difficult topic to explain.  It means that while the embryo was multipling and copying its DNA, a mutation occured in this gene just randomly.  Therefore every cell that comes afterward from this cell is also affected.  This means that if the mutation occured early, a lot of cells would be affected.  It it occured later in the embryo, less cells would be affected.  A 1999 article I read said that this was the generally accepted view on males with PH.   \nI also read that they generally see this disease in baby girls, because boys with the mutation rarely survive to term birth and are often miscarried.  Females have two X chromosomes and thus the other "normal" X chromosome must have some protective effect.  \nThe gene makes a protein that is important for the migration of neurons during embyrogenesis.  With this malfunctioning protein the neurons did not migrate properly during while in gestation (in the mother's womb).  \nI read a lot about epilepsy (seizures) being associated with PH (actually 80% according to two articles I read).\nI also read that the levels of mental retardation can be vary a lot (which is very much in line with the idea of somatic mosaicism = varying degrees of pathology depending on which types of cells have the mutation and which don't).  There are some reported to have no mental retardation.  \nI was not able to find any support groups for your son's condition which is critical for further information.  I would recommend that your son be seen by a pediatric neurologist if he has not seen on yet (though I would assume he has).\nFinally, I did find a web site that tries to confidentially try to link up families that have similar genetic conditions that there are no support groups for.  This issue is about Angelman's syndrome but if you go to the bottom of the "Links Line" there is a family with an 11 year old son with the condition that would like to talk to others.  There is a contact person at the bottom.\n\nhttp://www.geneticsupportcouncil.org.au/uploads/pdfs/Gene%20Advocate%20Edition%2026%20June%202004_364.pdf\n\nHope this all helps.  I am still an eager first year medical student and I have sympathy for your family since I have three daughters of my own.
291673
Here the woman is a carrier of both haemophilia and colorblindness, but she is normal.So her possibilities of children with the colorblind man will be a normal daughter, a colorblind daughter, a haemophiliac son and a color blind son. So the statment as i worked it out maybe correct and not wrong.
21601
help,\n\nI'm not sure you'll find many articles out there that addresses ADD and/or learning disabilities as an inherited condition.  I've never seen any, so I can't begin to answer what the chances are for a child born to one or both parents who have suffered the same.\n\nI would say that all one can do is to pay close attention to the child's development, and to take quick action if any developmental problems present itself.  I know this isn't much help...best of luck.
384431
Meiosis consists of 2 nuclear divisions that reduce the # of chromosomes to the haploid # (n) in preparing for sexual reproduction. \n\nThe fertilization of the haploid cells, sperm and ova (gametes), is the diploid cell (zygote) which gives a 50% chance of daughter cells being maternal or paternal for each chromosome. not sure on the 1/8 chance of paternal chromosomes.\n\n# of possible combinations = 2 to the nth power (2 ^n)\nso, if 2n=6, then n=3 and there is 2 ^3 = 8 number of combinations.\n\nJust FYI, In humans with 23 pairs of chromosomes, a gamete  could have 2^23 or 8,388,604 possible combinations of chromosomes from that parent. Any couple could have 2^23 ×  2^23 or 70 trillion different possible children, based just on the number of chromosomes. \n\nIn addition, crossing-over, in which the two homologous chromosomes of a pair exchange equal segments during synapsis in Meiosis I, can add further variation to an individual’s genetic make-up.
366666
This is because Barth Syndrome is an x-linked recessive trait.  Girls are primarily only carriers of the syndrome and are Xx.  Thus the son has a 50/50 chance of getting the syndrome and being either xy (affected) or Xy (not affected) due to males only having one X chromosome
455498
In Turner syndrome, the girl does not have the usual pair of two complete X chromosomes. The most common scenario is that the girl has only one X chromosome in her cells. Some girls with Turner syndrome do have two X chromosomes, but one of the X chromosomes is incomplete. In another scenario, the girl has some cells in her body with two X chromosomes, but other cells have only one.