which individual is most at risk for potassium deficiency?
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['Use certain medicines, such as diuretics.', 'Have physically demanding jobs.', 'Exercise in hot climates and sweat a lot.', "Have health conditions that affect their digestive absorption, such as Crohn's disease.", 'Have an eating disorder.', 'Smoke.', 'Abuse alcohol or drugs.']
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High potassium usually develops slowly over many weeks or months, and is most often mild. It can recur. For most people, the level of potassium in your blood should be between 3.5 and 5.0, depending on the laboratory that is used.
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People who have PKD were born with it. PKD is almost always inherited from a parent or from both parents. People of all genders, ages, races, ethnicities and nationalities can have PKD. Men and women get PKD equally as often.
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- Cystic Fibrosis. A person is at higher risk for having cystic fibrosis if one or both parents is a carrier of a mutated CFTR gene or has cystic fibrosis. A person is also at higher risk if a sibling, half-sibling, or first cousin has cystic fibrosis.
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Typically, the potassium level becomes low because too much is lost from the digestive tract due to vomiting, diarrhea, or excessive laxative use. Sometimes too much potassium is excreted in urine, usually because of drugs that cause the kidneys to excrete excess sodium, water, and potassium (diuretics).
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Adolescent girls and boys, women over 50, and men over 70 are at a particularly high risk of not meeting their daily calcium requirements. Menopausal women, vegans, and anyone with a dairy intolerance are also more prone to calcium deficiency than the general population.
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As a result, potassium levels can rise to high levels, leading to dangerous heart rhythm problems and even cardiac arrest. Because of this potential danger, the FDA limits over-the-counter potassium supplements (including multivitamin-mineral pills) to less than 100 milligrams (mg).
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['hypokalemia, or potassium blood deficiency.', 'hypochloremia, or chloride blood deficiency.', 'hypernatremia, or rise in sodium levels.', 'worsening kidney disease.', 'worsening heart failure.', 'muscle weakness and cramps.', 'increased stomach acid production.']
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Who is at highest risk for Vitamin D deficiency? Older than 65.
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high potassium levels. This drug can cause dangerously high potassium. This can lead to arrhythmia (heart rate or rhythm problems). Your risk may be higher if you have kidney disease or diabetes, or if you're taking other drugs that increase potassium levels.
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Other individuals at risk of hypophosphatemia include alcoholics, diabetics recovering from an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis, patients with respiratory alkalosis, and starving or anorexic patients on refeeding regimens that are high in calories but too low in phosphorus (reviewed in 4).
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The most common cause of high potassium is kidney disease. Other causes of high potassium include: Dehydration. Some medicines.
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['Being overweight or obese. The more you weigh the more blood flow you need to supply oxygen and nutrients to your tissues. ... ', 'Too much salt (sodium) in your diet. ... ', 'Too little potassium in your diet. ... ', 'Not being physically active. ... ', 'Drinking too much alcohol.']
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Causes. Typically, the potassium level becomes low because too much is lost from the digestive tract due to vomiting, diarrhea, or excessive laxative use. Sometimes too much potassium is excreted in urine, usually because of drugs that cause the kidneys to excrete excess sodium, water, and potassium (diuretics).
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Potassium chloride is the most common type used to treat deficiency. The recommended daily intake (RDI) for potassium is 4,700 mg. Most supplements come in 90 mg to 99 mg doses of potassium. Higher-dose pills are available, but they usually contain smaller “active” amounts.
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Some medications may cause potassium loss which can lead to hypokalemia. Common medications include loop diuretics (such as Furosemide). Other drugs include steroids, licorice, sometimes aspirin, and certain antibiotics.
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Damaged kidneys allow potassium to build up in the blood, causing serious heart problems. Potassium is found in many fruits and vegetables, such as bananas, potatoes, avocados, and melons. People with advanced CKD may need to avoid some fruits and vegetables.