are volcanic eruptions easy to predict?
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Volcanologists can predict eruptions—if they have a thorough understanding of a volcano's eruptive history, if they can install the proper instrumentation on a volcano well in advance of an eruption, and if they can continuously monitor and adequately interpret data coming from that equipment.
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The overall size of a volcano is determined by the total volume of lava that has erupted. The shape of a volcano is largely determined by the type of lava that has erupted, and importantly, its viscosity. Viscosity is a fluid's resistance to flow. Water, for example, is a low viscosity fluid.
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Subduction Zone Volcanism Most explosive eruptions occur in volcanoes above subduction zones, where one tectonic plate dives beneath the other. Eighty to 120 kilometers below the surface, magma forms when the rocks of the mantle melt just above the subducting plate.
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What factors determine the force of a volcanic eruption? the amount of gas dissolved into the magma, its temperature, and how thick the magma is.
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Scientists believe that 80 percent of the volcanic eruptions on Earth take place in the ocean. Most of these volcanoes are thousands of feet deep, and difficult to find.
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Put simply, the most popular way for classifying volcanoes comes down to the frequency of their eruption. Those that erupt regularly are called active, while those that have erupted in historical times but are now quiet are called dormant (or inactive).
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Regarding the following statement: "A volcanic hazard refers to the probability that a given area will be affected by a potentially destructive volcanic process (Fournier d'Albe, 1979). A volcanic risk is a loss (this loss can be life, property, jobs, etc.)
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Yellowstone, one of the world's largest active volcanic systems, has produced several giant volcanic eruptions in the past few million years, as well as many smaller eruptions and steam explosions. Although no eruptions of lava or volcanic ash have occurred for many thousands of years, future eruptions are likely.
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In general, eruptions can be categorized as either effusive or explosive. Effusive eruptions involve the outpouring of basaltic magma that is relatively low in viscosity and in gas content. Explosive eruptions generally involve magma that is more viscous and has a higher gas content.
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Volcanic eruptions can be extremely damaging to the environment, particularly because of a number of toxic gases possibly present in pyroclastic material. It typically consists mainly of water vapour, but it also contains carbon dioxide and sulphur dioxide gas.
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Volcanic eruptions can affect climate in two main ways. First, they release the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide, contributing to warming of the atmosphere. But the effect is very small. Emissions from volcanoes since 1750 are thought to be at least 100 times smaller than those from fossil fuel burning.
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1. Yes, it will! But the next eruption is likely to be pretty small, just a bit of lava extruding with maybe minor amounts of ash. ... If the next enormous eruption happens in our lifetimes, there will of course be death and destruction, but not enough to destroy the United States, or even just the American West.
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Volcanic eruptions happen when lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent. ... Volcanic eruptions often cause temporary food shortages and volcanic ash landslides called Lahar. The most dangerous type of volcanic eruption is referred to as a 'glowing avalanche'.
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Eruption seems to decrease The strombolian activity from the SE crater which started Thursday evening is progressively decreasing. From time to time weak ash emissions are still observed. The effusive activity has almost stopped.
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Volcanoes are classified by the eruption type and by the volcanic cone shape. ... The three cone shapes are cinder cones, shield cones, and composite cones or stratovolcanoes. The six eruption types are in order from least explosive to the most explosive; Icelandic, Hawaiian, Strombolian , Vulcanian , Pelean, and Plinian.
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The eruptions of Iceland's volcano Eyjafjallajökull in 2010 were apparently triggered by a chain reaction of expanding magma chambers that descended into the Earth, a group of researchers now says. ... Intriguingly, the researchers found that microearthquakes apparently occurred at greater depths with each outburst.
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There are two types of eruptions in terms of activity, explosive eruptions and effusive eruptions. Explosive eruptions are characterized by gas-driven explosions that propels magma and tephra. Effusive eruptions, meanwhile, are characterized by the outpouring of lava without significant explosive eruption.