what is the difference between log return and simple return?
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The simple return of a portfolio is the weighted sum of the simple returns of the constituents of the portfolio. The log return for a time period is the sum of the log returns of partitions of the time period. For example the log return for a year is the sum of the log returns of the days within the year.
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log10(x) tells you what power you must raise 10 to obtain the number x. ... ln(x) means the base e logarithm; it can, also be written as loge(x) . ln(x) tells you what power you must raise e to obtain the number x. ex is its inverse.
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print just shows the human user a string representing what is going on inside the computer. The computer cannot make use of that printing. return is how a function gives back a value. This value is often unseen by the human user, but it can be used by the computer in further functions.
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The function must return a value but in Stored Procedure it is optional. Even a procedure can return zero or n values. Functions can have only input parameters for it whereas Procedures can have input or output parameters. Functions can be called from Procedure whereas Procedures cannot be called from a Function.
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Subtracting Logs with the Same Base. To subtract logs, just divide the inputs (numbers inside the log). The rule log_b(x/y) = log_b(x) - log_b(y) lets you "convert division to log subtraction". It's actually just the "log version" of the quotient rule for exponents.
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A function without a return statement will return a default value. In the case of a constructor called with the new keyword, the default value is the value of its this parameter. For all other functions, the default return value is undefined . The parameters of a function call are the function's arguments.
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As nouns the difference between return and revenue is that return is the act of returning while revenue is the income returned by an investment.
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Void simply means nothing. It doesn't take any parameters nor it returns anything. Return is use to give command back to the calling function and it returns value to Calling function.
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log ? The main difference is that document. write() inserts text into the document (the webpage in the browser window); console. ... log() is a method of the JavaScript Console, a special object incuded in browsers for developers to use to debug and test their code in an interactive terminal.
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Douglas K. Usually log(x) means the base 10 logarithm; it can, also be written as log10(x) . ... ln(x) means the base e logarithm; it can, also be written as loge(x) . ln(x) tells you what power you must raise e to obtain the number x.
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The difference is mainly in the semantics: pass can be used where a statement is syntactically required, but not (yet) needed. On the other hand, return fulfills a sort of contract for a function, providing an explicit result.
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log (x^2) is not always 2log(x) as first one is defined for negative and positive both types of real x but the second one is defined only for positive x. So, log (x^2)=log (|x|^2)=2log(|x|) so log (x^2) and 2log(|x|) both are now same functions. Thanks.
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The only difference between yield and return is whenever yield statement is encountered in a function, the execution of function is suspended and a value is send back to the caller but because of yield whenever the function is called again, the execution of function begin where it left off previously.
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An essential difference between cat and print is the class of the object they return. This difference has practical consequences for what you can do with the returned object. cat returns an object of class NULL .
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Usually log(x) means the base 10 logarithm; it can, also be written as log10(x) . ... ln(x) means the base e logarithm; it can, also be written as loge(x) . ln(x) tells you what power you must raise e to obtain the number x. ex is its inverse.
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When you have a base e , you switch to ln , and again drop the base from your notation. So ln(3) is the exact same thing as loge(3) . As you can see, log(x) and ln(x) are not the same thing! They involve the same concept, and are both logarithms, but they are still different things.
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As verbs the difference between return and revert is that return is to come or go back (to a place or person) while revert is (now rare) to turn back, or turn to the contrary; to reverse.