what is the relationship between the cold current upwelling and the primary productivity?
316840
Water that rises to the surface as a result of upwelling is typically colder and is rich in nutrients. These nutrients “fertilize” surface waters, meaning that these surface waters often have high biological productivity.
761707
Gross primary production (GPP) is the total rate at which material is produced and net primary production (NPP) is the rate at which material is accumulated in excess of respiration. In other words, NPP is GPP minus respiration. See Section 1.2. 3c.
496950
What is the relationship between surface currents and the climate of the adjacent continents? warm water flows to higher latitudes, transfers heat to the air cools flows back to low latitudes and repeat, the because of the massive calorie energy used it can transfer heat to nearby continents.
59436
The ocean absorbs most of the excess heat from greenhouse gas emissions, leading to rising ocean temperatures. Increasing ocean temperatures affect marine species and ecosystems. Rising temperatures cause coral bleaching and the loss of breeding grounds for marine fishes and mammals.
1119339
net primary production. the available energy in the form of organic material that is available for transfer to the next level of the food chain. This is equal to the gross primary productivity of an organism minus the energy used by that organism. niche. the role an organism has in an ecosystem.
480461
Surface Currents Large-scale surface ocean currents are driven by global wind systems that are fueled by energy from the sun. These currents transfer heat from the tropics to the polar regions, influencing local and global climate.
441293
Using the map of sea surface temperature, you might have noticed that the eastern boundary currents (on east sides of oceans) carry cold water from the polar (or sub-polar) region towards the equator, whereas the western boundary currents carry warm water from the equator towards the polar regions.
940424
Climate change is likely to alter patterns of wind and water circulation in the ocean environment. Such changes may influence the vertical movement of ocean waters (i.e., upwelling and downwelling), increasing or decreasing the availability of essential nutrients and oxygen to marine organisms.
354583
Ocean warming increases melting of the Antarctic Ice Sheet, causing sea level to rise. Freshening of Antarctic waters weakens the currents that trap heat and carbon dioxide in the ocean, affecting the global climate. In this way local changes in Antarctica can have global implications.
451322
What is the key difference between primary productivity and net primary productivity? Net primary productivity represents just the energy used to build biomass. Net primary productivity is a small fraction (often ~10%) of primary productivity. What happens to all of the energy that is "lost?"
1224614
Since oxygen is one of the most easily measured products of both photosynthesis and respiration, a good way to gauge primary productivity in an aquatic ecosystem is to measure dissolved oxygen. ... Since net productivity = gross productivity − respiration, we can calculate gross productivity.
881140
Temperature difference: Warm water is lighter and rises but the cold water is denser and sinks. This makes the difference in the levels of a sea. Warm equatorial water moves polewards along the surface while the cold water from the poles move along the bottom towards the equator.
89093
Upwelling is most common along the west coast of continents (eastern sides of ocean basins). In the Northern Hemisphere, upwelling occurs along west coasts (e.g., coasts of California, Northwest Africa) when winds blow from the north (causing Ekman transport of surface water away from the shore).
284180
Effects of Climate Change on Marine Life. Marine life faces challenges from warming waters and ocean acidification. Warming waters alter the latitude and depth at which certain species are able to survive, so many species are moving deeper or father north in the Atlantic to find cold water.
1258420
Cold environments are an important ecosystem with distinct characteristics and adaptations. They provide opportunities for development, but are put at risk by the exploitation of resources.
151368
What is the difference between primary productivity and standing stock? Primary productivity refers to the amount of new organic matter being manufactured while standing stock is the baseline biomass or amount of phytoplankton already present in the ocean.
342132
The International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fifth Assessment Report estimates that the upper ocean (surface to 750 m deep) has warmed by 0.09 to 0.13 degrees C per decade over the past 40 years.