which is the 2nd link in the chain of infection?
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The second link is the reservoir. This is the natural environment that the pathogen requires for survival. Reservoirs can be a person, an animal, or an environmental component, such as soil or water.
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The means of transmission is the weakest link in the chain of infection, and it is the only link we can hope to eliminate entirely. Most infection control efforts are aimed at preventing the transport of germs from the reservoir to the susceptible host.
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Within the chain of infection, the reservoir is the location/place where the pathogens live and grow.
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["Blood. Blood plays a major role in the body's defense against infection by carrying waste away from our cells and flushing them out of the body in urine, feces, and sweat. ... ", 'Saliva. ... ', 'Semen. ... ', 'Vaginal fluids. ... ', 'Mucus. ... ', 'Urine.']
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Understanding infection vs. Infection, often the first step, occurs when bacteria, viruses or other microbes that cause disease enter your body and begin to multiply. Disease occurs when the cells in your body are damaged — as a result of the infection — and signs and symptoms of an illness appear.
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HIV-1 and HIV-2 are two related retroviruses and, in regions where both infections are endemic, HIV-1/2 dual infection can occur.
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['Hepatitis B (2nd dose)', 'Diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough (pertussis) (DTaP)', 'Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)', 'Polio (IPV)', 'Pneumococcal (PCV)', 'Rotavirus (RV)']
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['Primary stage. ... ', 'Secondary stage. ... ', 'Latent (hidden) stage. ... ', 'Relapses of secondary syphilis. ... ', 'Tertiary (late) stage.']
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The last link in the chain of infection is the susceptible host.
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For a bloodborne pathogen to be spread, the bodily fluids of an infected person must enter into the bloodstream of another person. The most common cause of transmission in the workplace is when an infected person's blood enters another person's bloodstream through an open wound.
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The correct order that best describes the flow of information in both bacterial and eukaryotic cells is from DNA → mRNA → protein, not from protein → mRNA → DNA...
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L'otite moyenne aiguë purulente correspond à la surin- fection bactérienne aiguë de l'oreille moyenne avec présence d'un épanchement purulent ou mucopu- rulent dans la caisse du tympan. L'otite externe correspond à une inflammation de la peau du conduit auditif externe.
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If the reservoir is a human, then the portal of exit may be saliva, mucous membranes, feces, blood, or nose or throat discharges. By using barrier methods, such as condoms or masks, or covering the mouth while coughing, this link can be broken. The fourth link is the means of transmission.
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Prevent contact by proper hand washing, disinfection/sterilization techniques, isolation of infected patients, and not working when contagious. Way to bread chain at Portal of Entry, make sure ports of entry are not subjected to pathogens by covering them.
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The second line of defense are the non-specific phagocytes and other internal mechanisms that comprise innate immunity. The third line of defense are the specific lymphocytes that produce antibodies as part of the adaptive immune response.
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Eyes are connected to each other at the base of the brain. And if you rubs the affected eye with your hand, and then you rub the other eye with the hand, the infection will jump from the affected eye to the other one. Yes, eyes are connected to each other.
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The transmission of microorganisms can be divided into the following five main routes: direct contact, fomites, aerosol (airborne), oral (ingestion), and vectorborne. Some microorganisms can be transmitted by more than one route.