what is type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus?
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There are 2 main types of diabetes: type 1 diabetes – where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin. type 2 diabetes – where the body does not produce enough insulin, or the body's cells do not react to insulin.
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The two types of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. Both make blood sugar levels higher than normal but they do so in different ways. In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas loses its ability to make insulin because the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin.
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Diabetes Type 2 Diabetes means your blood glucose, or blood sugar, levels are too high. With type 2 diabetes, the more common type, your body does not make or use insulin well. Insulin is a hormone that helps glucose get into your cells to give them energy. Without insulin, too much glucose stays in your blood.
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While the symptoms of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are fairly similar – increased thirst, frequent urination, hunger, fatigue, blurred vision – there are some differences both healthcare providers and people who are diagnosed can pay attention to.
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Double Diabetes. Double diabetes is when someone with type 1 diabetes develops insulin resistance, the key feature of type 2 diabetes. Someone with double diabetes will always have type 1 diabetes present but the effects of insulin resistance can be reduced somewhat.
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High blood sugar, or hyperglycemia, is a major concern, and can affect people with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes . There are two main kinds: Fasting hyperglycemia. This is blood sugar that's higher than 130 mg/dL (milligrams per deciliter) after not eating or drinking for at least 8 hours.
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Controlling blood sugar (glucose) levels is the major goal of diabetes treatment, in order to prevent complications of the disease. Type 1 diabetes is managed with insulin as well as dietary changes and exercise. Type 2 diabetes may be managed with non-insulin medications, insulin, weight reduction, or dietary changes.
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Type 2 diabetes used to be called non-insulin-dependent or adult-onset diabetes. But it's become more common in children and teens over the past 20 years, largely because more young people are overweight or obese. About 90% of people with diabetes have type 2.
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Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA): People who have Type 1 diabetes (and some people with Type 2 who take insulin) are at risk for developing DKA, a very serious medical condition that can occur due to a lack of insulin. One of the hallmark signs of DKA is a sweet, fruity odor to the breath.
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Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), also known as type II diabetes, is characterized by abnormal glucose homeostasis, resulting in hyperglycemia, and is associated with microvascular, macrovascular, and neuropathic complications. NIDDM is a complex disease with many causes.
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Low blood sugar is common for people with type 1 diabetes and can occur in people with type 2 diabetes taking insulin or certain medications. The average person with type 1 diabetes may experience up to two episodes of mild low blood sugar each week, and that's only counting episodes with symptoms.
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It's the most common form of diabetes. Type 2 means that your body doesn't use insulin properly. And while some people can control their blood sugar levels with healthy eating and exercise, others may need medication or insulin to manage it. Regardless, you have everything you need to fight it.
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Both types of diabetes are chronic diseases that affect the way your body regulates blood sugar, or glucose. Glucose is the fuel that feeds your body's cells, but to enter your cells it needs a key. Insulin is that key. People with type 1 diabetes don't produce insulin.
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) results from the autoimmune destruction of β cells of the endocrine pancreas. Pathogenesis of T1DM is different from that of type 2 diabetes mellitus, where both insulin resistance and reduced secretion of insulin by the β cells play a synergistic role.
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T1D. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas are mistakenly destroyed by the body's immune system. T1D seems to have a genetic component and can be diagnosed early in life but also in adulthood. Its causes are not fully known, and there is currently no cure.
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["type 1 diabetes – where the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells that produce insulin.", "type 2 diabetes – where the body does not produce enough insulin, or the body's cells do not react to insulin."]
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The primary test for both type 1 and type 2 diabetes is known as the glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test. An A1C test is a blood test that determines your average blood sugar level for the past two to three months. Your doctor may draw your blood or give you a small finger prick.