what is the difference between phenolphthalein alkalinity and total alkalinity?
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Phenolphthalein alkalinity measures the hydroxides and half the carbonates at a pH 8.3. Total alkalinity measures all carbonate, bicarbonate, and hydroxide alkalinity at a pH 4.5 (approximately). ... Therefore the phenolphthalein alkalinity would equal the total alkalinity and all of it would be hydroxide.
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Contrary to some information, soda ash also adds more alkalinity than bicarb. The amount of alkalinity contributed by soda ash is about 58.5% more than sodium bicarbonate, or in other words sodium bicarbonate is only about 63% as strong as soda ash in terms of increasing alkalinity.
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Phenolphthalein is often used as an indicator in acid–base titrations. For this application, it turns colorless in acidic solutions and pink in basic solutions. ... Phenolphthalein is slightly soluble in water and usually is dissolved in alcohols for use in experiments.
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First, a little chemistry: A pH level measures how acid or alkaline something is. A pH of 0 is totally acidic, while a pH of 14 is completely alkaline. A pH of 7 is neutral. Those levels vary throughout your body.
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A pH of 0 is totally acidic, while a pH of 14 is completely alkaline. A pH of 7 is neutral. Those levels vary throughout your body. Your blood is slightly alkaline, with a pH between 7.35 and 7.45.
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If alkalinity is much less than total hardness it may signify elevated levels of chloride, nitrate or sulfate. Water with low levels of alkalinity (less than 150 mg/L) is more likely to be corrosive. High alkalinity water (greater than 150 mg/L) may contribute to scaling.
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Water, including tap water, has a pH of 7, or neutral. Alkaline water has a pH of up to 8 or 9. It can be naturally alkaline (for example, spring water can contain minerals that make it more alkaline), or it can be ionized to make it that way.
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The change in the color determines the change in the pH of the solution. For example, phenolphthalein changes from colorless to fuchsia pink. The different kinds of indicators have different kinds of pH ranges. Meaning, they change color at different pHs.
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The recommended range for alkalinity in reef aquariums is between 142-215ppm or 8-12 dKH. ... When the alkalinity drops too low your tank is susceptible to detrimental pH swings, causing organisms that utilize alkalinity to be unable to take in what they need.
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Alkalinity is the concentration of hydrogen ions in a fluid up to 10^-7 mol/L. A fluid with a concentration of 10^-7 is considered neutral, and a higher concentration is considered acidic. Salinity is the measure of all the salts dissolved in a fluid, and it is usually measured in parts per thousand (ppt).
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The pH scale indicates acidity or alkalinity. A soil with a pH number below 7 is acid, while one with a pH above 7 is alkaline. Garden plants typically grow best in neutral or slightly acid soil (pH 7 or slightly below; see illustration at left). ... Alkaline soils, in contrast, are typically found in low-rainfall areas.
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The pKa's of benzoic acid and 2-naphthol are 4.17 and 9.5, respectively, while naphthalene is a neutral compound. ... Both of the sodium salts formed from the base extractions will be soluble in water, while naphthalene will only be soluble in the original solvent, diethyl ether.
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Alkalinity means that something has a pH higher than 7. The human body is naturally slightly alkaline, with a blood pH of around 7.4. The stomach is acidic, which allows it to digest food. The pH of saliva and urine changes depending on diet, metabolism, and other factors.
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Diluted in water, Alkalinity Increaser will not raise pH above its normal range. Proper TA will buffer pH, and help prevent pH fluctuations. pH Increase is sodium carbonate (also called soda ash). It raises both TA and pH, since it has a pH of 13.
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But what is the main difference between both batteries? ... The main difference between a zinc battery and an alkaline battery is the type of electrolyte used in both batteries. Zinc batteries are mostly composed of ammonium chloride while the alkaline batteries use potassium hydroxide.
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The pH scale indicates acidity or alkalinity. A soil with a pH number below 7 is acid, while one with a pH above 7 is alkaline. Alkaline soils, in contrast, are typically found in low-rainfall areas. ...
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Low-alkaline water also won't be able to balance the amount of phosphates, which feed algae, resulting in water that is green. ... At less acute levels, water alkalinity can irritate the top layer of skin, causing it to feel dry and making it more susceptible to damage. Total alkalinity should be kept at 80–120 ppm.