what to do if exposed to someone with active tb?
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If you think you have been exposed to someone with TB disease, you should contact your doctor or local health department about getting a TB skin test or a special TB blood test. Be sure to tell the doctor or nurse when you spent time with the person who has TB disease.
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The diagnosis of TB cannot be made by a chest x-ray alone. It can also not be excluded by a chest x-ray. Instead,the diagnosis of active tuberculosis means finding the bacterium in a sample of bodily fluid from the patient.
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Certain people should be tested for TB infection because they are at higher risk for being infected with TB bacteria, including: People who have spent time with someone who has TB disease.
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Medications are the cornerstone of tuberculosis treatment. But treating TB takes much longer than treating other types of bacterial infections. For active tuberculosis, you must take antibiotics for at least six to nine months.
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The BCG drug contains live bacteria that a person can pass to other people. It is therefore important to take precautions when urinating for 6 hours following the treatment.
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If you have a positive skin or blood TB test, your doctor may give you a chest X-ray. They'll look for spots on your lungs or any changes caused by TB. You may also take something called a sputum smear or culture test. Your doctor will take a sample of the mucus that comes up when you cough and test it for TB bacteria.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a type of bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It's spread when a person with active TB disease in their lungs coughs or sneezes and someone else inhales the expelled droplets, which contain TB bacteria.
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TB can be wrongly diagnosed Testing for active TB disease through antibodies or antigens found in the blood is extremely difficult. Patients can have different antibody responses suggesting that they have active TB even when they do not.
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Although tuberculosis is contagious, it's not easy to catch. You're much more likely to get tuberculosis from someone you live with or work with than from a stranger. Most people with active TB who've had appropriate drug treatment for at least two weeks are no longer contagious.
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This can happen when someone with the untreated, active form of tuberculosis coughs, speaks, sneezes, spits, laughs or sings. Although tuberculosis is contagious, it's not easy to catch. You're much more likely to get tuberculosis from someone you live with or work with than from a stranger.
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If you have latent TB infection (a positive TB skin test reaction or positive TB blood test) and you are in one of these high-risk groups, you need to take medicine to keep from developing TB disease. This is called treatment for latent TB infection.
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Must not donate if Tuberculosis can be present in many tissues and be spread through the blood stream. It is sensible to exclude people who may have active disease from donating to prevent any possibility of transmitting the infection.
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Many children infected with M. tuberculosis never develop active TB and remain in the latent TB stage. TB bacteria is spread through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, speaks, sings, or laughs. A child usually does not become infected unless he or she has repeated contact with the bacteria.
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The TB bacteria will grow and you will remain sick for a longer time . The bacteria may also become resistant to the medicines you are taking . You may need new, different medicines to kill the TB bacteria if the old medicines no longer work .
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TB is spread through the air from one person to another. The bacteria are put into the air when a person with TB disease of the lungs or throat coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings. People nearby may breathe in these bacteria and become infected.
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Use prevention measures immediately. Have the person who is ill wear a surgical mask and take them to the doctor. They should avoid all waiting areas and be placed directly in an exam room. You and anyone else assisting them should also wear a surgical mask to keep you from ingesting the air-born virus.
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The overall sensitivity for active TB was 87.5%, ranging from 62.5% in children 25–36 months old to 100% in children older than 49 months. The overall specificity for active TB was 93.6%. Among the 481 children tested for LTBI screening, 38 scored positive and all but 2 had at least one risk factor for TB infection.