what causes mitral valve prolapse with regurgitation?
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Abnormality of the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy). Over time, certain conditions, such as high blood pressure, can cause your heart to work harder, gradually enlarging your heart's left ventricle. This can stretch the tissue around your mitral valve, which can lead to leakage.
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The mitral valve prolapse (MVP) syndrome has a strong hereditary tendency, although the exact cause is unknown. Affected family members are often tall, thin, with long arms and fingers, and straight backs. Mitral valve prolapse is more common in women from 20 to 40 years old; however, also occurs in men.
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Some forms of physical activity may not be safe with a prolapsed mitral valve and can actually worsen the condition. Engaging in the wrong types of exercise can trigger and aggravate MVP symptoms. In addition, complications can develop when there is repeated strain on the heart and its structures.
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However, each individual may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may vary depending on the degree of prolapse present and may include: Palpitations. Palpitations (sensation of fast or irregular heart beat) are the most common complaint among patients with Mitral Valve Prolapse.
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Unlike angina, chest pain with mitral valve prolapse rarely occurs during or after exercise, and may not respond to nitroglycerin. Anxiety, panic attacks, and depression may be associated with mitral valve prolapse. Like fatigue, these symptoms are believed to be related to imbalances of the autonomic nervous system.
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When mitral valve prolapse is severe enough to cause significant valve leakage, called “regurgitation,” it can lead to serious complications such as heart attack and stroke. This happens because when the valve leaks, it can cause the atrium to enlarge.
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Infections or the inflammation they cause can damage the mitral valve. Congenital heart disease. Some people are born with an abnormal mitral valve prone to regurgitation. Age.
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Mitral valve prolapse is usually caused by problems with the tissues that join the mitral valve to the heart muscles. Some people with the condition are born with it, and it's more common in people with connective tissue disorders, such as Marfan syndrome.
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What causes mitral valve disease? Because of the high pressure created when the left ventricle contracts and pumps blood out to the body, the mitral valve may begin to 'wear out' and leak over time. This is known as mitral valve insufficiency (MVI) or mitral regurgitation and is often associated with a heart murmur.
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Though most people with mitral valve prolapse don't need surgery, your doctor may suggest surgical treatment if you have severe mitral valve regurgitation, whether you have symptoms or not. Severe mitral valve regurgitation can eventually cause heart failure, preventing your heart from effectively pumping blood.
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Mitral valve regurgitation — also called mitral regurgitation, mitral insufficiency or mitral incompetence — is a condition in which your heart's mitral valve doesn't close tightly, allowing blood to flow backward in your heart.
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A very small amount of mitral regurgitation is common. But some people have severe mitral valve regurgitation. Mitral valve regurgitation can be acute or chronic. With the acute condition, the valve suddenly becomes leaky.
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A fibrillating atrium quivers and doesn't pump efficiently, which increases the risk for blood clots that may cause a stroke. Another potential complication of mitral regurgitation is pulmonary hypertension. Treatment for mild mitral regurgitation may include anticoagulation medication.
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In some people, it does not cause any symptoms at all. However, mitral valve prolapse may get worse over time. When it does, it can increase the risk of serious heart problems, including infections, life-threatening arrhythmia, and congestive heart failure.
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What is mitral valve prolapse? The mitral valve allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle in the heart. Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the bulging (prolapse) of one or both of the mitral valve flaps (leaflets) into the left atrium when the heart contracts.
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Mitral valve regurgitation symptoms When mitral regurgitation is severe, the blood backs up into the lungs. This leads to congestive heart failure, which causes fatigue, fluid retention and shortness of breath.
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Anxiety, panic attacks, and depression may be associated with mitral valve prolapse. Like fatigue, these symptoms are believed to be related to imbalances of the autonomic nervous system. Migraine headaches have been occasionally linked to mitral valve prolapse.