what are the characteristics unique to nephrotic syndrome?
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Nephrotic syndrome is a collection of symptoms due to kidney damage. This includes protein in the urine, low blood albumin levels, high blood lipids, and significant swelling. Other symptoms may include weight gain, feeling tired, and foamy urine.
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Renal dysplasia is defined as the formation of abnormal nephrons with excessive mesenchymal stroma and without inflammation. This hereditary disease is seen in many breeds of dogs but appears most frequently in the Shih Tzu.
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When the kidney's astringent or storage functions are poor with a kidney qi deficiency, associated symptoms appear, e.g. frequent urination, copious amounts of clear urine, incontinence, enuresis, seminal emission, abortion, or miscarriage.
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['Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome (Nephropathic Cystinosis)', 'Abdominal Compartment Syndrome.', 'Acetaminophen-induced Nephrotoxicity.', 'Acute Kidney Failure/Acute Kidney Injury.', 'Acute Lobar Nephronia.', 'Acute Phosphate Nephropathy.', 'Acute Tubular Necrosis.', 'Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase Deficiency.']
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['Excess protein in your urine (proteinuria) or additional signs of kidney problems.', 'Severe headaches.', 'Changes in vision, including temporary loss of vision, blurred vision or light sensitivity.', 'Upper abdominal pain, usually under your ribs on the right side.']
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Microscopic urinary bleeding is a common symptom of glomerulonephritis, an inflammation of the kidneys' filtering system. Glomerulonephritis may be part of a systemic disease, such as diabetes, or it can occur on its own.
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Pyelonephritis is characterized by the inflammation of the renal interstitium associated with the collecting system, renal calyces and renal pelvis but not the glomerular tissues. Pyelonephritis (PN) is the most common renal disease and, after chronic glomerulonephritis, the second most common cause of renal failure.
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['Muscle pain, tenderness and weakness (myopathy). Muscle problems, including muscle breakdown, can be serious in some people and rarely cause kidney damage that can lead to death. ... ', 'Your chances of getting muscle problems are higher if you:']
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['Glomerular Filtration Rate.', 'Hydrostatic Pressure Changes.', 'Osmotic Pressure Changes.', 'GFR Feedback.']
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['bladder or kidney stones.', "glomerulonephritis, an inflammation of the kidneys' filtering system.", 'bladder or kidney cancer.', 'kidney injury, such as from a fall or vehicle accident.', 'inherited disorders, such as Alport syndrome or sickle cell anemia.']
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Patients with reduced eGFR also had higher CRP levels which was associated with lower serum albumin levels. But the reason for the hypoalbuminemia in CKD patients does not appear to be due to GI symptoms/decreased protein intake or inflammation. A diminished appetite and nausea/vomiting are classic “uremic symptoms”.
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Niemann-Pick disease type A appears during infancy and is characterized by an enlarged liver and spleen ( hepatosplenomegaly ), failure to gain weight and grow at the expected rate (failure to thrive), and progressive deterioration of the nervous system.
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In a normal glomerulus, the capillaries are all nice and open and patent. Blood flows through the capillaries like a little river, fluid gets filtered out into the urinary space, and the GFR is normal. But in nephritic syndrome, the glomeruli are stuffed full of cells, and blood flow slows way down.
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Renal insufficiency or failure occurs when the kidneys can no longer remove toxic wastes from the body. These substances build up and symptoms of excess thirst, nausea, pain, weakness, appetite loss, intestinal bleeding and even seizures develop. Below is the description of each stage of renal disease.
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['Chronic kidney disease.', 'Polycystic kidney disease.', 'Heart problems, such as severe narrowing (coarctation) of the aorta.', 'Adrenal disorders.', 'Hyperthyroidism.', 'Pheochromocytoma, a rare tumor in the adrenal gland.', 'Narrowing of the artery to the kidney (renal artery stenosis)']
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Lupus Nephritis Classes and Related Signs and Symptoms Lupus nephritis is divided into 6 different stages or classes based on the results of a kidney biopsy. The following table provides an overview of these different classes as well as certain signs and symptoms that may occur during various stages.
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Syphilis is a re-emerging infectious disease in the western world that should be considered as a cause of nephrotic syndrome in patients at risk.