what is the relationship between lightning and volcanic eruptions?
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Volcanic lightning arises from colliding, fragmenting particles of volcanic ash (and sometimes ice), which generate static electricity within the volcanic plume, leading to the name dirty thunderstorm. Moist convection and ice formation also drive the eruption plume dynamics and can trigger volcanic lightning.
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The two main factors that influence how a volcano will erupt are viscosity and gas content. Both are related to the composition of the magma .
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A thunderstorm, also known as an electrical storm or a lightning storm, is a storm characterized by the presence of lightning and its acoustic effect on the Earth's atmosphere, known as thunder. ... Thunderstorms result from the rapid upward movement of warm, moist air, sometimes along a front.
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There are two predominant types of volcanic eruptions: Effusive eruptions – magma rises through the surface and flows out of the volcano as a viscous liquid called lava. Explosive eruptions – magma is torn apart as it rises and reaches the surface in pieces known as pyroclasts.
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Although there are several factors triggering a volcanic eruption, three predominate: the buoyancy of the magma, the pressure from the exsolved gases in the magma and the injection of a new batch of magma into an already filled magma chamber.
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But scientists have found another force—climate change—affects the frequency of eruptions. Now a new study shows even relatively minor climate variations may have such an influence. If they are right, today's global warming could mean more and bigger volcanic eruptions in the future.
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Red lightning within a cloud indicates the presence of rain. Yellow or orange lightning occurs when there is a large concentration of dust in the air. White lightning is a sign of low humidity or a little amount of moisture in the air.
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Some, but not all, earthquakes are related to volcanoes. ... However, most earthquakes are caused by the interaction of the plates not the movement of magma . Most earthquakes directly beneath a volcano are caused by the movement of magma. The magma exerts pressure on the rocks until it cracks the rock.
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Some, but not all, earthquakes are related to volcanoes. For example, most earthquakes are along the edges of tectonic plates. This is where most volcanoes are too. However, most earthquakes are caused by the interaction of the plates not the movement of magma .
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The primary factors that determine the nature of volcanic eruptions include the magma's temperature, its composition, and the amount of dissolved gases it contains. As lava cools, it begins to congeal, and as viscosity increases, its mobility decreases.
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Lightning is an electrical discharge that occurs between clouds and/or the ground. Thunder is the sound this electrical discharge makes as it instantaneously heats its immediate atmosphere into a plasma.
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Thunder is caused by lightning. When a lightning bolt travels from the cloud to the ground it actually opens up a little hole in the air, called a channel. Once then light is gone the air collapses back in and creates a sound wave that we hear as thunder.
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Lightning is an electric current. Within a thundercloud way up in the sky, many small bits of ice (frozen raindrops) bump into each other as they move around in the air. All of those collisions create an electric charge. After a while, the whole cloud fills up with electrical charges.
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Explosive eruptions produce ash. All explosive volcanic eruptions generate tephra, fragments of rock that are produced when magma or or rock is explosively ejected. The largest fragments, blocks and bombs (>64 mm, 2.5 inches diameter), can be expelled with great force but are deposited near the eruptive vent.
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When a volcano erupts, the force of the expanding gases pushes magma from the magma chamber through the pipe until it flows or explodes out of the vent. What are the two types of volcanic eruptions? Geologists classify volcanic eruptions as quiet or explosive.
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Volcanic eruptions can be extremely damaging to the environment, particularly because of a number of toxic gases possibly present in pyroclastic material. ... Carbon dioxide emitted from volcanoes adds to the natural greenhouse effect.
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It happens completely inside the cloud, jumping between different charge regions in the cloud. Intra-cloud lightning is sometimes called sheet lightning because it lights up the sky with a 'sheet' of light. Cloud to Cloud: Lightning that occurs between two or more separate clouds.