what are the different stages of kidney disease?
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['Stage 1 with normal or high GFR (GFR > 90 mL/min)', 'Stage 2 Mild CKD (GFR = 60-89 mL/min)', 'Stage 3A Moderate CKD (GFR = 45-59 mL/min)', 'Stage 3B Moderate CKD (GFR = 30-44 mL/min.', 'Stage 4 Severe CKD (GFR = 15-29 mL/min)', 'Stage 5 End Stage CKD (GFR <15 mL/min)']
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Stage 3 CKD patients are not at risk for any immediate kidney failure, so hemodialysis and kidney transplants are not needed. Living a healthy lifestyle is the best way to slow the progression of kidney disease. The patient's doctor may also recommend a medications to treat high blood pressure, anemia, edema, and pain.
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A person with stage 3 chronic kidney disease (CKD) has moderate kidney damage. This stage is broken up into two: a decrease in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) for Stage 3A is 45-59 mL/min and a decrease in GFR for Stage 3B is 30-44 mL/min.
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['A viral infection.', 'Inflammation of the kidney or bladder.', 'A blood disorder.', 'Bladder or kidney cancer.']
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Can stage 3 kidney disease be reversed? The goal of CKD stage 3 treatment is to prevent further progression. There's no cure for any stage of CKD, and you can't reverse kidney damage. However, further damage can still be minimized if you're at stage 3.
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The difference between CKD Stage 5 and ESRD is the dependence on dialysis. A patient with CKD Stage 5 may or may not be on dialysis and the damage to the kidney may be reversible. A patient with the diagnosis of ESRD requires chronic dialysis.
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Thus, the early signs of kidney disease are increased water consumption and increased urine production. The clinical signs of more advanced kidney failure include loss of appetite, weight loss, depression, vomiting, diarrhea and very bad breath. Occasionally, ulcers will be found in the mouth.
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GFR improvement is possible in CKD patients at any CKD stage through stage 4–5. It is noteworthy that this GFR improvement is associated with a decrease in the number of metabolic complications over time.
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['Swelling of the hands, feet, and face.', 'Trouble sleeping or concentrating.', 'Poor appetite.', 'Nausea.', 'Weakness.', 'Itching (end-stage kidney disease) and extremely dry skin.', 'Drowsiness (end-stage kidney disease)']
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Stage 2 kidney disease is considered mild, with minimal decrease in kidney function. Once the glomerular filtration rate, or gfr, decreases to less than 59% the patient is considered to be in Stage 3 of chronic kidney disease. At less than 30% function the patient will be in Stage 4 kidney disease.
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Types of Kidney Failure. There are two different types of kidney failure - acute and chronic. Acute kidney failure has an abrupt onset and is potentially reversible. Chronic kidney failure progresses slowly over at least three months and can lead to permanent kidney failure.
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About chronic kidney disease Main symptoms of advanced kidney disease include: tiredness. swollen ankles, feet or hands (due to water retention) shortness of breath.
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Renal insufficiency or failure occurs when the kidneys can no longer remove toxic wastes from the body. These substances build up and symptoms of excess thirst, nausea, pain, weakness, appetite loss, intestinal bleeding and even seizures develop. Below is the description of each stage of renal disease.
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The kidneys filter unwanted substances from the blood and produce urine to excrete them. There are three main steps of urine formation: glomerular filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. These processes ensure that only waste and excess water are removed from the body.
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As chronic kidney disease progresses to end-stage renal disease, signs and symptoms might include: Nausea. Vomiting. Loss of appetite.
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The management of AKI involves identifying and treating the underlying case as well as minimizing complications. AKI is usually reversible. In contrast, CKD develops gradually, over months to years, as a result of chronic illnesses such as diabetes and hypertension.
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A common symptom of kidney failure is delirium . This is a mental state that's marked by confusion and restlessness. It develops because the toxins that are accumulating are affecting the brain.