why t cells are self mhc restricted?
318140
MHC restriction is significant for T cells to function properly when it leaves the thymus because it allows T cell receptors to bind to MHC and detect cells that are infected by intracellular pathogens, viral proteins and bearing genetic defects.
950589
In cases of immune system overactivity, the body attacks and damages its own tissues (autoimmune diseases). Immune deficiency diseases decrease the body's ability to fight invaders, causing vulnerability to infections.
917843
The T and NK cells in patients with primary, or familial, HLH can't kill virus-infected or other abnormal cells in the patient's body like they normally would. T cells and NK cells normally do this by secreting death signals into targeted abnormal cells.
1471811
Antigens inside a cell are bound to class I MHC molecules, and brought to the surface of the cell by the class I MHC molecule, where they can be recognized by the T cell. ... The affinity between CD8 and the MHC molecule keeps the TC cell and the target cell bound closely together during antigen-specific activation.
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T cells are major components of the adaptive immune system. ... Furthermore, the identification of T cells as a mediator of early alloantigen-independent tissue injury demonstrates that the functional capacity of T cells spreads beyond adaptive immunity into the realm of the innate immune response.
183145
The immune system has the capability of discriminating between self and foreign components, by reacting against everything different to itself (Antigens). The immune system has the amazing characteristic of reacting against any foreign molecule, different to its own structure, no matter how small this molecule is.
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T cells are so called because they are predominantly produced in the thymus. They recognise foreign particles (antigen) by a surface expressed, highly variable, T cell receptor (TCR). There are two major types of T cells: the helper T cell and the cytotoxic T cell.
112365
There are two major types of T cells: the helper T cell and the cytotoxic T cell. As the names suggest helper T cells 'help' other cells of the immune system, whilst cytotoxic T cells kill virally infected cells and tumours. Unlike antibody, the TCR cannot bind antigen directly.
130034
T cells (also called T lymphocytes) are one of the major components of the adaptive immune system. Their roles include directly killing infected host cells, activating other immune cells, producing cytokines and regulating the immune response.
1375323
The Class I MHC molecules are found on all nucleated cells in the body (including cells expressing Class II MHC such as antigen presenting cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells), but are not found on non-nucleated cells such as red blood cells.
163610
Both B and T lymphocytes originate in the bone marrow but only B lymphocytes mature there; T lymphocytes migrate to the thymus to undergo their maturation. Thus B lymphocytes are so-called because they are bone marrow derived, and T lymphocytes because they are thymus derived.
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Class I MHC molecules span the membrane of almost every cell in an organism, while class II molecules are restricted to cells of the immune system called macrophages and lymphocytes. In humans these molecules are encoded by several genes all clustered in the same region on chromosome 6.
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T and B cells differ in one fundamental way: whereas T cells bind antigens that have been digested and embedded in MHC molecules by APCs, B cells function as APCs that bind intact antigens that have not been processed.
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These cytotoxic T cells can kill any cell harboring such pathogens by recognizing foreign peptides that are transported to the cell surface bound to MHC class I molecules. ... These properties allow the cytotoxic T cell to attack and destroy virtually any cell that is infected with a cytosolic pathogen.
715510
T cells are so called because they are predominantly produced in the thymus. ... As the names suggest helper T cells 'help' other cells of the immune system, whilst cytotoxic T cells kill virally infected cells and tumours. Unlike antibody, the TCR cannot bind antigen directly.
1285043
The single unifying theme for all memory T cell subtypes is that they are long-lived and can quickly expand to large numbers of effector T cells upon re-exposure to their cognate antigen. By this mechanism they provide the immune system with "memory" against previously encountered pathogens.
1191889
They are self-renewing, meaning they can produce more mature naive cells like themselves by division in the peripheral lymphoid tissues. ... Because they respond to antigens found on multiple pathogens and bind many antigens with low affinity, B-1 cells and their secreted antibodies are called polyreactive.