title: Multiphase particle-in-cell method

abstract: The multiphase particle-in-cell method (MP-PIC) is a numerical method for modeling particle-fluid and particle-particle interactions in a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculation. The MP-PIC method achieves greater stability than its particle-in-cell predecessor by simultaneously treating the solid particles as computational particles and as a continuum. In the MP-PIC approach, the particle properties are mapped from the Lagrangian coordinates to an Eulerian grid through the use of interpolation functions. After evaluation of the continuum derivative terms, the particle properties are mapped back to the individual particles. This method has proven to be stable in dense particle flows, computationally efficient, and physically accurate. This has allowed the MP-PIC method to be used as particle-flow solver for the simulation of industrial-scale chemical processes involving particle-fluid flows.

text:
# Multiphase particle-in-cell method

The **multiphase particle-in-cell method** (**MP-PIC**) is a numerical method for modeling particle-fluid and particle-particle interactions in a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculation. The MP-PIC method achieves greater stability than its particle-in-cell predecessor by simultaneously treating the solid particles as computational particles and as a continuum. In the MP-PIC approach, the particle properties are mapped from the Lagrangian coordinates to an Eulerian grid through the use of interpolation functions. After evaluation of the continuum derivative terms, the particle properties are mapped back to the individual particles. This method has proven to be stable in dense particle flows, computationally efficient, and physically accurate. This has allowed the MP-PIC method to be used as particle-flow solver for the simulation of industrial-scale chemical processes involving particle-fluid flows.

## History

The multiphase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) method was originally developed for a one-dimensional case in the mid-1990s by P.J. O'Rourke (Los Alamos National Laboratory), who also coined the term MP-PIC. Subsequent extension of the method to two-dimensions was performed by D.M. Snider and O'Rourke. By 2001, D.M. Snider had extended the MP-PIC method to full three-dimensions. Currently, the MP-PIC method is used in commercial software for the simulation of particle-fluid systems and also available in MFiX suite by NETL.

## Method

The MP-PIC method is described by the governing equations, interpolation operators, and the particle stress model.

### Governing equations

#### Fluid phase

The multiphase particle-in-cell method assumes an incompressible fluid phase with the corresponding continuity equation,

$$\frac {\partial \theta \_{f}{\partial t}+\nabla \cdot (\theta \_{f}\mathbf {u} \_{f})=0,}$$

where the $\theta \_{f}\\;$ is the fluid volume fraction and $\mathbf {u} \_{f}\\;$ is the fluid velocity. Momentum transport is given by a variation of the Navier-Stokes equations where $\rho \_{f}\\;$ is the fluid density, $p\\;$ is the fluid pressure, and $\mathbf {g} \\;$ is the body force vector (gravity).

$$\frac {\partial \theta \_{f}\mathbf {u} \_{f}{\partial t}+\nabla \cdot (\theta \_{f}\mathbf {u} \_{f}\mathbf {u} \_{f})=-{\frac {\nabla p}{\rho \_{f}-{\frac {\mathbf {F} }{\rho \_{f}+\theta \_{f}\mathbf {g} }}}}}$$

The laminar fluid viscosity terms, not included in the fluid momentum equation, can be included if necessary but will have a negligible effect on dense particle flow. In the MP-PIC method, the fluid motion is coupled with the particle motion through $\mathbf {F} \\;$, the rate of momentum exchange per volume between the fluid and particle phases. The fluid phase equations are solved using a finite volume approach.

#### Particle phase

The particle phase is described by a probability distribution function (PDF), $\phi \left(\mathbf {x} ,\mathbf {u} \_{f},\rho \_{p},\Omega \_{p},t\right);$ which indicates the likelihood of finding a particle with a velocity $\mathbf {u} \_{f}\\;$, particle density $\rho \_{p}\\;$, particle volume $\Omega \_{p}\\;$ at location $\mathbf {x} \\;$ and time $t\\;$. The particle PDF changes in time as described by

$$\frac {\partial \phi }{\partial t}+\nabla \cdot (\phi \mathbf {u} \_{p})+\nabla \_{\mathbf {u} \_{p}\cdot \left(\phi \mathbf {A} \right)=0}$$

where $\mathbf {A} \\;$ is the particle acceleration.

A numerical solution of the particle phase is obtained by dividing the distribution into a finite number of "computational particles" that each represent a number of real particles with identical mass density, volume, velocity and location. At each time step, the velocity and location of each computational particle are updated using a discretized form of the above equations. The use of computational particles allows for a significant reduction in computational requirements with a negligible impact on accuracy under many conditions. The use of the computational particle in the Multiphase Particle-in-Cell method allows a full particle size distribution (PSD) to be modeled within the system as well as the modeling of polydisperse solids.

#### Identities of the particle probability distribution function

The following local particle properties are determined from integrating the particle probability distribution function:

* Particle volume fraction: $\theta \_{p}=\int \int \int \phi \Omega \_{p}\\;d\Omega \_{p}d\rho \_{p}d\mathbf {u} \_{p}$
* Average particle density: $\overline {\theta \_{p}\rho \_{p}=\int \int \int \phi \Omega \_{p}\rho \_{p}\\;d\Omega \_{p}d\rho \_{p}d\mathbf {u} \_{p}}$
* Mean particle velocity: $\overline {\mathbf {u} }\_{p}={\frac {1}{\overline {\theta \_{p}\rho \_{p}\int \int \int \phi \Omega \_{p}\rho \_{p}\mathbf {u} \_{p}\\;d\Omega \_{p}d\rho \_{p}d\mathbf {u} \_{p}}}}$

#### Interphase coupling

The particle phase is coupled to the fluid phase through the particle acceleration term, $\mathbf {A} \\;$, defined as

$$\mathbf {A} =D\_{p}\left(\mathbf {u} \_{f}-\mathbf {u} \_{p}\right)-{\frac {\nabla p}{\rho \_{p}+\mathbf {g} -{\frac {\nabla \tau }{\theta \_{p}\rho \_{p}.}}}}$$

In the acceleration term, $D\_{p}\\;$ is determined from the particle drag model and $\tau \\;$ is determined from the interparticle stress model.

The momentum of the fluid phase is coupled to the particle phase through the rate of momentum exchange, $\mathbf {F} \\;$. This is defined from the particle population distribution as

$$\mathbf {F} =\int \int \int \phi \Omega \_{p}\rho \_{p}\left\[D\_{p}\left(\mathbf {u} \_{f}-\mathbf {u} \_{p}\right)-{\frac {\nabla p}{\rho \_{p}\right\]\\;d\Omega \_{p}d\rho \_{p}d\mathbf {u} \_{p}}}$$

### Interpolation operators

The transfer of particle properties between the Lagrangian particle space and the Eulerian grid is performed using linear interpolation functions. Assuming a rectilinear grid consisting of rectangular cuboid cells, the scalar particle properties are interpolated to the cell centers while the vector properties are interpolated to cell faces. In three dimensions, tri-linear interpolation functions and definitions for the products and gradients of interpolated properties are provided by Snider for three-dimensional models.

### Particle stress model

The effects of particle packing are modeled in the MP-PIC method with the use of a function of particle stress. Snider (2001) has suggested calculating the particle stress $\tau \\;$, as

$$\tau ={\frac {P\_{s}{\theta \_{P}^{\beta }{\max \left\[\theta \_{cp}-\theta \_{p},\epsilon \left(1-\theta \_{p}\right)\right\]}}}}$$

where $\theta \_{cp}\\;$ is the close-pack volume fraction and $\beta \\;$, $P\_{s}\\;$, and $\epsilon \\;$ are constants.

## Limitations of the multiphase particle-in-cell method

* **Particle shape** \- In the MP-PIC method, all particles are assumed to be spherical. Corrections for non-spherical particles can be included in particle drag model but for highly non-spherical particles, the true interactions may not be well represented.
* **Particle size with respect to grid size** \- The size of particles must be small compared to the Eulerian grid in the MP-PIC approach for accurate interpolation.

## Extensions

* **Chemical reactions** – Coupling the local Eulerian values for fluid velocity in the MP-PIC method with equations for diffusional mass transfer allows the transport of a chemical species within the fluid-particle system to be modeled. Reaction kinetics dependent on particle density, surface area, or volume can be included as well for applications in catalysis, gasification, or solid deposition.
* **Liquid Injection** \- MP-PIC method was extended by Zhao, O'Rourke, and Snider to model the coating of particle with a liquid.
* **Thermal Modeling** \- Conductive and convective heat transfer can be included by coupling MP-PIC variables with equations for heat transfer. Commercial implementations of MP-PIC method include radiative heat transfer as well.

## Applications

## Software


title: 1979 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season

abstract: The 1979 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season was the thirteenth in the club's history. They competed in the NSWRFL's 1979 Premiership and also won the 1979 Amco Cup.

text:
# 1979 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season

The **1979 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season** was the thirteenth in the club's history. They competed in the NSWRFL's 1979 Premiership and also won the 1979 Amco Cup.

## Ladder

|  | Team | Pld | W | D | L | PF | PA | PD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | St. George | 22 | 17 | 0 | 5 | 476 | 309 | +167 | **34** |
| 2 | Parramatta | 22 | 16 | 0 | 6 | 490 | 317 | +173 | **32** |
| 3 | Cronulla-Sutherland | 22 | 14 | 1 | 7 | 367 | 270 | +97 | **29** |
| 4 | Western Suburbs | 22 | 14 | 0 | 8 | 396 | 312 | +84 | **28** |
| 5 | Canterbury-Bankstown | 22 | 13 | 0 | 9 | 379 | 310 | +69 | **26** |
| 6 | Balmain | 22 | 12 | 1 | 9 | 358 | 313 | +45 | **25** |
| 7 | Manly-Warringah | 22 | 11 | 1 | 10 | 341 | 353 | -12 | **23** |
| 8 | Eastern Suburbs | 22 | 9 | 1 | 12 | 250 | 321 | -71 | **19** |
| 9 | South Sydney | 22 | 9 | 0 | 13 | 286 | 329 | -43 | **18** |
| 10 | Penrith | 22 | 6 | 2 | 14 | 211 | 473 | -162 | **14** |
| 11 | Newtown Jets | 22 | 6 | 0 | 16 | 321 | 423 | -102 | **12** |
| 12 | North Sydney | 22 | 2 | 0 | 20 | 302 | 547 | -245 | **4** |
|

## InfoBox

| 1979 Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks season | |
| --- | --- |
| NSWRFL Rank | 3rd |
| 1979 record | Wins: 14; draws: 1; losses: 9 |
| Points scored | For: 416 (83 tries, 82 goals, 3 field goals); against: 324 (53 tries, 80 goals, 5 field goals) |
| Team information | |
| Coach | Norm Provan |
| Captain |  |
| Stadium | Endeavour Field |
| Avg. attendance | 10,507 |
| Top scorers | |
| Tries | Steve Edmonds (13) |
| Goals | Steve Rogers (32) |
| Points | Steve Rogers (86) |
| 1978  1980 | |


abstract: The 1979 Wisconsin–Whitewater Warhawks football team was an American football team that represented the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater as a member of the Wisconsin State University Conference (WSUC) during the 1979 NAIA Division I football season. Led by 23rd-year head coach Forrest Perkins, the Warhawks compiled an overall record of 7–4 and a mark of 6–2 in conference play, tying for second place in the WSUC.

text:
# 1979 Wisconsin–Whitewater Warhawks football team

1979 Wisconsin State University Conference football standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | T |  |  | W |  | L |  | T |
| No. 4 Wisconsin–River Falls $^ | 7 |  | 1 |  | 0 |  |  | 9 |  | 1 |  | 0 |
| No. 20 Wisconsin–La Crosse | 6 |  | 2 |  | 0 |  |  | 7 |  | 2 |  | 0 |
| Wisconsin–Whitewater | 6 |  | 2 |  | 0 |  |  | 7 |  | 4 |  | 0 |
| Wisconsin–Stout | 4 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 6 |  | 4 |  | 0 |
| Wisconsin–Stevens Point | 4 |  | 4 |  | 0 |  |  | 5 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| Wisconsin–Oshkosh | 3 |  | 5 |  | 0 |  |  | 5 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| Wisconsin–Platteville | 3 |  | 5 |  | 0 |  |  | 5 |  | 5 |  | 0 |
| Wisconsin–Eau Claire | 3 |  | 5 |  | 0 |  |  | 3 |  | 7 |  | 0 |
| Wisconsin–Superior | 0 |  | 8 |  | 0 |  |  | 1 |  | 10 |  | 0 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| * $  Conference champion * ^ – NAIA Division I playoff participant<br>Wisconsin–Eau Claire forfeited two non-conference games. Rankings from NAIA Division I poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1979 Wisconsin–Whitewater Warhawks football team** was an American football team that represented the University of Wisconsin–Whitewater as a member of the Wisconsin State University Conference (WSUC) during the 1979 NAIA Division I football season. Led by 23rd-year head coach Forrest Perkins, the Warhawks compiled an overall record of 7–4 and a mark of 6–2 in conference play, tying for second place in the WSUC.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| September 1 | at Western Illinois* |  | L 7–13 | 9,400 |
| September 8 | South Dakota State* |  | L 7–27 |  |
| September 15 | Wisconsin–Platteville | * Warhawks Stadium * Whitewater, WI | W 27–0 |  |
| September 22 | at Wisconsin–Superior | Superior, WI | W 55–7 |  |
| September 29 | at Wisconsin–Stevens Point |  | W 23–21 |  |
| October 6 | Wisconsin–Stout | * Warhawks Stadium * Whitewater, WI | W 21–7 |  |
| October 13 | vs. Morningside* | Mexico City, Mexico | W 24–7 |  |
| October 20 | at Wisconsin–River Falls | River Falls, Wisconsin | L 13–26 |  |
| October 27 | Wisconsin–Eau Claire | * Warhawks Stadium * Whitewater, WI | W 13–26 |  |
| November 3 | at Wisconsin–La Crosse |  | L 28–47 |  |
| November 10 | Wisconsin–Oshkosh | * Warhawks Stadium * Whitewater, WI | W 33–16 |  |
| * \*Non-conference game | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1979 Wisconsin–Whitewater Warhawks football | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | Wisconsin State University Conference |
| Record | 7–4 (6–2 WSUC) |
| Head coach |  |
| Home stadium | Warhawks Stadium |
|


abstract: The consensus 1979 College Basketball All-American team, as determined by aggregating the results of four major All-American teams. To earn "consensus" status, a player must win honors from a majority of the following teams: the Associated Press, the USBWA, The United Press International and the National Association of Basketball Coaches.

text:
# 1979 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans

The consensus **1979 College Basketball All-American** team, as determined by aggregating the results of four major All-American teams. To earn "consensus" status, a player must win honors from a majority of the following teams: the Associated Press, the USBWA, The United Press International and the National Association of Basketball Coaches.

## 1979 Consensus All-America team

**Consensus First Team**
| Player | Position | Class | Team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Larry Bird | F | Senior | Indiana State |
| Mike Gminski | C | Junior | Duke |
| David Greenwood | F | Senior | UCLA |
| Magic Johnson | G | Sophomore | Michigan State |
| Sidney Moncrief | G | Senior | Arkansas |

**Consensus Second Team**
| Player | Position | Class | Team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bill Cartwright | C | Senior | San Francisco |
| Calvin Natt | C | Senior | Northeast Louisiana |
| Mike O'Koren | F | Junior | North Carolina |
| Jim Paxson | G/F | Senior | Dayton |
| Jim Spanarkel | G | Senior | Duke |
| Kelly Tripucka | F | Sophomore | Notre Dame |
| Sly Williams | F | Junior | Rhode Island |

## Individual All-America teams

| All-America Team |
| --- |
| | First team | | Second team | | Third team | | Fourth Team | |
| | Player | School | Player | School | Player | School | Player | School |
| Associated Press | Larry Bird | Indiana State | Mike Gminski | Duke | Joe Barry Carroll | Purdue | No fourth team | | |
| | Bill Cartwright | San Francisco | Vinnie Johnson | Baylor | Roy Hamilton | UCLA | |
| | David Greenwood | UCLA | Reggie King | Alabama | Greg Kelser | Michigan State | |
| | Magic Johnson | Michigan State | Ronnie Lester | Iowa | Kelly Tripucka | Notre Dame | |
| | Sidney Moncrief | Arkansas | Calvin Natt | Northeast Louisiana | Sly Williams | Rhode Island | |
| USBWA | Larry Bird | Indiana State | Calvin Natt | Northeast Louisiana | No third or fourth teams | | | |
| | Bill Cartwright | San Francisco | Mike O'Koren | North Carolina | |
| | Mike Gminski | Duke | Jim Paxson | Dayton | |
| | Magic Johnson | Michigan State | Kelly Tripucka | Notre Dame | |
| | Sidney Moncrief | Arkansas | Sly Williams | Rhode Island | |
| NABC | Larry Bird | Indiana State | Bill Cartwright | San Francisco | Joe Barry Carroll | Purdue | Danny Ainge | Brigham Young |
| | Mike Gminski | Duke | Reggie King | Alabama | Darrell Griffith | Louisville | James Bailey | Rutgers |
| | David Greenwood | UCLA | Mike O'Koren | North Carolina | Ronnie Lester | Iowa | Calvin Natt | Northeast Louisiana |
| | Magic Johnson | Michigan State | Jim Spanarkel | Duke | Kyle Macy | Kentucky | Bernard Toone | Marquette |
| | Sidney Moncrief | Arkansas | Kelly Tripucka | Notre Dame | Jim Paxson | Dayton | Mike Woodson | Indiana |
| UPI | Larry Bird | Indiana State | Bill Cartwright | San Francisco | James Bailey | Rutgers | No fourth team | | |
| | Mike Gminski | Duke | Darrell Griffith | Louisville | Gene Banks | Duke | |
| | David Greenwood | UCLA | Sidney Moncrief | Arkansas | Ronnie Lester | Iowa | |
| | Magic Johnson | Michigan State | Mike O'Koren | North Carolina | Kelvin Ransey | Ohio State | |
| | Jim Spanarkel | Duke | Kelly Tripucka | Notre Dame | Sly Williams | Rhode Island | |
|

**AP Honorable Mention:**

## Academic All-Americans

On March 21, 1979, CoSIDA announced the 1979 Academic All-America team. The following is the 1978–79 Academic All-America Men's Basketball Team as selected by CoSIDA:

**Academic All-America Team**
| Player | School | Class |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Mike Gminski | Duke | Junior |
| Greg Kelser | Michigan State | Senior |
| Jim Krivacs | Texas | Senior |
| Kyle Macy | Kentucky | Senior |
| Jim Paxson | Dayton | Senior |
| Ron Perry | Holy Cross | Junior |
| Jim Spanarkel | Duke | Senior |
| Kelly Tripucka | Notre Dame | Sophomore |
| Darnell Valentine | Kansas | Sophomore |
| Kiki Vandeweghe | UCLA | Junior |

## InfoBox

| 1979 NCAA Men's Basketball All-Americans | |
| --- | --- |
| Members of the 1979 Consensus All-America first team. Clockwise from upper left: Larry Bird, Mike Gminski, Sidney Moncrief and David Greenwood (not pictured: Magic Johnson). | |
| Awarded for | 1978–79 NCAA Division I men's basketball season |
|


title: 1981 Asian Wrestling Championships

abstract: The 1981 Asian Wrestling Championships were held in Fortress Stadium, Lahore, Pakistan. The event took place from 1 to 4 December 1981.

text:
# 1981 Asian Wrestling Championships

The **1981 Asian Wrestling Championships** were held in Fortress Stadium, Lahore, Pakistan. The event took place from 1 to 4 December 1981.

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Iran | 8 | 1 | 1 | 10 |
| 2 | Japan | 2 | 4 | 1 | 7 |
| 3 | India | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 4 | Iraq | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| | Pakistan | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| Totals (5 entries) | | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 |

## Team ranking

| Rank | Men's freestyle | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | Team | Points |
| 1 | Iran | 57 |
| 2 | Japan | 39 |
| 3 | India | 39 |
| 4 | Pakistan | 26 |
| 5 | Iraq | 15 |

## Medal summary

### Men's freestyle

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 48 kg | Yaghoub Najafi
Iran | Sohail Rashid
Pakistan | Ram Pal
India |
| 52 kg | Toshio Asakura
Japan | Mahabir Singh
India | Mohammad Bazmavar
Iran |
| 57 kg | Rasoul Hosseini
Iran | Ashok Kumar
India | Tatsuya Takita
Japan |
| 62 kg | Ahmad Rezaei
Iran | Hiroshi Kaneko
Japan | Gian Singh
India |
| 68 kg | Hassan Hamidi
Iran | Masakazu Kamimura
Japan | Om Singh
India |
| 74 kg | Mohammad Hossein Mohebbi
Iran | Ali Hussein
Iraq | Rajinder Singh
India |
| 82 kg | Akira Ota
Japan | Jabbar Mahdioun
Iran | Jagdish Kumar
India |
| 90 kg | Mohammad Hassan Mohebbi
Iran | Osamu Asano
Japan | Kartar Singh
India |
| 100 kg | Hashem Kolahi
Iran | Satpal Singh
India | Muhammad Salahuddin
Pakistan |
| +100 kg | Alireza Soleimani
Iran | Hisakazu Tabata
Japan | Nasir Hussein
Iraq |

## Participating nations

## InfoBox

| 1981 Asian Wrestling Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Host city | Lahore, Pakistan |
| Dates | 1–4 December 1981 |
| Stadium | Fortress Stadium |
| Champions | |
| Freestyle | Iran |
|  | |


title: 1981 Daytona 500

abstract: The 1981 Daytona 500, the 23rd running of the event, was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race held at the Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida. It was held on Sunday, February 15, 1981.

text:
# 1981 Daytona 500

The **1981 Daytona 500**, the 23rd running of the event, was a NASCAR Winston Cup Series race held at the Daytona International Speedway in Daytona Beach, Florida. It was held on Sunday, February 15, 1981.

## Race report

Contested over 200 laps and over the course of 2 hours and 56 minutes, the race was won by Richard Petty for his record seventh at the Daytona 500, beating Bobby Allison to the line by 3.5 seconds and bringing about Buick's first win in NASCAR since 1956. Ricky Rudd, Buddy Baker, and Dale Earnhardt rounded out the Top 5. A new generation of smaller cars, with a wheelbase of 110 inches (280 cm), down from the previously used 115 inches (290 cm), made their debut in this race.

David Pearson had the only Chevrolet in the field. He started 9th in his new Monte Carlo after finishing 5th in the Twin 125 before retiring with engine failure. Steve Moore attempted to qualify in a Chevrolet Malibu but his #73 didn't make the race.

Bobby Allison dominated Speedweeks from the beginning, winning the pole position, his 125-mile qualifying race, and was considered the prohibitive favorite for the 500. He was driving a 1981 Pontiac Le Mans, which was the only car in the race with a "fastback" sloped rear window, greatly improving aerodynamics and downforce on the rear spoiler over the "notchback" profiles of the Buick Regals, Pontiac Grand Prixs, Oldsmobile Cutlasses, and Ford Thunderbirds. The Le Mans was on the NASCAR approved-model list, but no other team thought to build one.

Allison led the most laps and was the car to beat. But Allison lost considerable time when he ran out of fuel and had to coast through most of a lap to make his final pit stop. Meanwhile, on Richard Petty's final planned pit stop, Petty's crew chief Dale Inman, who was working his final race with the team before leaving to become Dale Earnhardt's crew chief, opted not to change tires and only took on fuel. Petty then re-entered the track with a considerable lead that Allison rapidly closed, but could not overcome before the finish.

The race was contested in front of 130,000 spectators and featured 49 lead changes. 18 laps were run under the caution flag. It was one of the few Daytona 500s where the final caution flag occurred before the halfway point of the race.

Petty earned $90,575 ($303,552 when adjusted for inflation) for winning, the largest purse of his entire career. Blackie Wangerin finished last after an accident on lap 17.

First Daytona 500 starts for Ronnie Sanders, Tim Richmond, Kyle Petty, and Billie Harvey. Only Daytona 500 starts for Glenn Jarrett and Don Sprouse. Last Daytona 500 starts for Johnny Rutherford, Bill Elswick, Don Whittington, James Hylton, Cecil Gordon, Bruce Hill, and Blackie Wangerin.

Dickie Boswell would make his only Cup Series attempt at this race.

### Top 10 finishers

| Pos | Grid | No. | Driver | Manufacturer | Laps | Laps led | Winnings | Points | Time/Status |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 8 | 43 | Richard Petty | Buick | 200 | 27 | $90,575 | 180 | 2:56:50 |
| 2 | 1 | 28 | Bobby Allison | Pontiac | 200 | 117 | $84,050 | 180 | +3.5 seconds |
| 3 | 5 | 88 | Ricky Rudd | Oldsmobile | 200 | 8 | $53,115 | 170 | Lead lap under green flag |
| 4 | 6 | 1 | Buddy Baker | Oldsmobile | 200 | 10 | $35,740 | 165 | Lead lap under green flag |
| 5 | 7 | 2 | Dale Earnhardt | Pontiac | 200 | 4 | $37,365 | 160 | Lead lap under green flag |
| 6 | 16 | 9 | Bill Elliott | Ford | 199 | 5 | $30,615 | 155 | +1 lap |
| 7 | 27 | 90 | Jody Ridley | Ford | 198 | 0 | $29,965 | 146 | +2 laps |
| 8 | 29 | 27 | Cale Yarborough | Oldsmobile | 197 | 0 | $20,325 | 142 | +3 laps |
| 9 | 34 | 75 | Joe Millikan | Buick | 197 | 0 | $21,500 | 138 | +3 laps |
| 10 | 35 | 98 | Johnny Rutherford | Pontiac | 195 | 0 | $17,285 | 134 | +5 laps |

## Post-race standings

| Pos | Driver | Points | Differential |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **Bobby Allison** | **365** | 0 |
| 2 | Richard Petty | 340 | -25 |
| 3 | Dale Earnhardt | 325 | -40 |
| 4 | Jody Ridley | 292 | -73 |
| 5 | Ricky Rudd | 281 | -84 |
| 6 | Joe Millikan | 267 | -98 |
| 7 | Don Whittington | 242 | -123 |
| 8 | Elliott Forbes-Robinson | 230 | -135 |
| 9 | Buddy Arrington | 223 | -142 |
| 10 | Terry Labonte | 218 | -147 |

## InfoBox

1981 Daytona 500
| Race details | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Race 2 of 31 in the 1981 NASCAR Winston Cup Series season | | | |
| 1981 Daytona 500 program cover | | | |
| Date | February 15, 1981 (1981-02-15) | | |
| Location | Daytona International Speedway, Daytona Beach, Florida | | |
| Course | Permanent racing facility
2.5 mi (4.02336 km) | | |
| Distance | 200 laps, 500 mi (804.672 km) | | |
| Weather | Temperatures of 69.1 °F (20.6 °C); wind speeds of 15.9 miles per hour (25.6 km/h) | | |
| Average speed | 169.651 miles per hour (273.027 km/h) | | |
| Attendance | 130,000 | | |
| Pole position | | | |
| Driver |  | Harry Ranier |
| Most laps led | | | |
| Driver | Bobby Allison | Harry Ranier |
| Laps | 117 | | |
| Winner | | | |
| No. 43 | Richard Petty | Petty Enterprises |
| Television in the United States | | | |
| Network | CBS | | |
| Announcers | Ken Squier
David Hobbs
Ned Jarrett
Brock Yates | | |


title: 1982 Honduran Segunda División

abstract: The 1982 Honduran Segunda División was the 16th season of the Honduran Segunda División. Under the management of Néstor Matamala, C.D. Platense won the tournament after finishing first in the final round and obtained promotion to the 1983–84 Honduran Liga Nacional.

text:
# 1982 Honduran Segunda División

The **1982 Honduran Segunda División** was the 16th season of the Honduran Segunda División. Under the management of Néstor Matamala, C.D. Platense won the tournament after finishing first in the final round (or *Cuadrangular*) and obtained promotion to the 1983–84 Honduran Liga Nacional.

## Final round

Also known as *Cuadrangular.*

### Standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Platense | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Promotion to Liga Nacional |
| 2 | Curacao | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  |
| 3 | missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0 |
| 4 | missing | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0 |

Source:

### Known results

| 19 December 1982 | **Curacao** | **1–1** | **Platense** | Tegucigalpa, Francisco Morazán |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  | Stadium: Estadio Tiburcio Carías Andino |

## InfoBox

Honduran Segunda División
| Season | 1982–83 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Platense |
| Promoted | Platense |
| 1981 1983 All statistics correct as of 19 December 1982. | |


title: 1981–82 County Antrim Shield

abstract: The 1981–82 County Antrim Shield was the 93rd edition of the County Antrim Shield, a cup competition in Northern Irish football. Linfield won the tournament for the 33rd time and 2nd season in a row, defeating Distillery 1–0 in the final.

text:
# 1981–82 County Antrim Shield

The **1981–82 County Antrim Shield** was the 93rd edition of the County Antrim Shield, a cup competition in Northern Irish football.

Linfield won the tournament for the 33rd time and 2nd season in a row, defeating Distillery 1–0 in the final.

## Results

### First round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Ards** | 2–0 | Killyleagh Youth |
| Ballyclare Comrades | 1–2 | **Ballymena United** |
| **Cliftonville** | 6–0 | Harland & Wolff Welders |
| Crusaders | 0–1 | **RUC** |
| **Linfield** | 1–0 | Glentoran |
| **Bangor** | bye |  |
| **Distillery** | bye |  |
| **Larne** | bye |  |

### Quarter-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ards | 1–5 | **Cliftonville** |
| **Ballymena United** | 2–0 | Bangor |
| **Distillery** | 1–0 | RUC |
| Larne | 0–1 | **Linfield** |

### Semi-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Distillery** | 2–1 | Ballymena United |
| **Linfield** | 4–0 | Glentoran |

### Final

| Linfield | 1–0 | Distillery |
| --- | --- | --- |
| McKee  71' | Report |  |

Seaview, BelfastReferee: A. Ritchie (Carrickfergus)

## InfoBox

1981–82 County Antrim Shield
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Northern Ireland |
| Teams | 13 |
| Defending champions | Linfield |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Linfield (33rd win) |
| Runner-up | Distillery |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 12 |
| Goals scored | 31 (2.58 per match) |
|  | |


title: 1983 Nobel Prize in Literature

abstract: The 1983 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the British author William Golding "for his novels which, with the perspicuity of realistic narrative art and the diversity and universality of myth, illuminate the human condition in the world of today".

text:
# 1983 Nobel Prize in Literature

The **1983 Nobel Prize in Literature** was awarded to the British author William Golding "for his novels which, with the perspicuity of realistic narrative art and the diversity and universality of myth, illuminate the human condition in the world of today".

## Laureate

William Golding's works are regarded as parables of the human condition. His first novel *The Lord of the Flies* was published in 1954. Other notable works include *The Inheritors* (1955), *Pincher Martin* (1956), *Free Fall* (1959), *The Spire* (1964), *Darkness Visible* (1979) and *Rites of Passage* (1980).

## Deliberations

William Golding had been shortlisted by the Nobel committee ten years earlier, in 1973, as one of the final six contenders for the prize that year.

In 1983, William Golding and Claude Simon were the main candidates for the prize. An anonymous source in the Swedish Academy revealed that two rounds of voting were required before Golding narrowly received the majority of the votes.

## Reactions

The choice of William Golding as the Nobel Prize laureate surprised many observers. Golding was not among the favourites in speculations for the prize, as Graham Greene and Anthony Burgess were regarded as the leading British contenders at the time. Other frequently-mentioned candidates for the prize in 1983 were Nadine Gordimer (awarded in 1991), Joyce Carol Oates, Marguerite Yourcenar and the Chinese writer Ba Jin.

Unconventionally, a member of the Swedish Academy voiced his discontent with the choice of the laureate. Member Artur Lundkvist, who favoured the French writer Claude Simon (awarded in 1985), said that Golding "was decent but hardly in the Nobel Prize class", and publicly accused the Academy's permanent secretary Lars Gyllensten of orchestrating a "coup" within the Academy to award William Golding.

Academy member Lars Forssell revealed that William Golding had been a candidate for three years and acknowledged that the decision to award Golding the prize was likely to raise questions as to why the frequently-favoured Graham Greene was not selected. "Greene should have won it in the '50's", Forssell said, but it was widely known that both Artur Lundkvist and Lars Gyllensten opposed awarding the prize to Greene.

Swedish commentators included Arne Ruth, chief editor of the newspaper *Dagens Nyheter*, who concluded that the selection of Golding meant that Graham Greene would never win the prize, predicting that the Swedish Academy would move on to other nations' literatures. "I don't think it's one of the really bad choices", Ruth said, "There have been worse. There is no consensus that he is a terrible writer". Ingemar Björksten, literary editor of *Svenska Dagbladet*, was surprised, saying that William Golding had "not entered the public discussion of possible or necessary Nobel Prize winners", but in choosing "a dark horse", Björksten said, the Academy appeared to want to single out a popular and readable storyteller, likening it to the choice of Isaac Bashevis Singer in 1978.

## Award ceremony speech

In the award ceremony speech on 10 December 1983, Lars Gyllensten of the Swedish Academy said of William Golding's writing:

> "William Golding’s novels and stories are not only sombre moralities and dark myths about evil and about treacherous, destructive forces. As already mentioned they are also colourful tales of adventure which can be read as such, full of narrative joy, inventiveness and excitement. In addition there are plentiful streaks of humour, biting irony, comedy and drastic jesting. There is a vitality which breaks through what is tragic and misanthropic, frightening in fact. A vitality, a vigour, which is infectious owing to its strength and intractability and to the paradoxical freedom it possesses as against what is related. His fabled world is tragic and pathetic, yet not overwhelming and depressing. There is a life which is mightier than life’s conditions."

## InfoBox

| 1983 Nobel Prize in Literature | |
| --- | --- |
| **William Golding** | |
| ***"for his novels which, with the perspicuity of realistic narrative art and the diversity and universality of myth, illuminate the human condition in the world of today"*** | |
| Date | * 6 October 1983 (announcement) * 10 December 1983 <br>(ceremony) |
| Location | Stockholm, Sweden |
| Presented by | Swedish Academy |
| First awarded | 1901 |
| Website | Official website |
|


title: 1982 Soviet Top League

text:
# 1982 Soviet Top League

Statistics of Soviet Top League for the 1982 season.

## Overview

It was contested by 18 teams, and Dinamo Minsk won the championship.

The rules stated that a team could only have a maximum of 10 draws; all points from matches draw since the eleventh wouldn't be counted.

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Dinamo Minsk (C) | 34 | 19 | 9 | 6 | 63 | 35 | +28 | 47 | Qualification for European Cup first round |
| 2 | Dynamo Kyiv | 34 | 18 | 10 | 6 | 58 | 25 | +33 | 46 | Qualification for UEFA Cup first round |
| 3 | Spartak Moscow | 34 | 16 | 9 | 9 | 59 | 35 | +24 | | 41 |
| 4 | Dinamo Tbilisi | 34 | 16 | 9 | 9 | 51 | 47 | +4 | 41 |  |
| 5 | Ararat Yerevan | 34 | 14 | 10 | 10 | 50 | 47 | +3 | | 38 |
| 6 | Pakhtakor Tashkent | 34 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 42 | 38 | +4 | | 36 |
| 7 | Zenit Leningrad | 34 | 12 | 9 | 13 | 44 | 41 | +3 | | 33 |
| 8 | Torpedo Moscow | 34 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 36 | 33 | +3 | | 32 |
| 9 | Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk | 34 | 11 | 12 | 11 | 34 | 38 | 4 | | 32 |
| 10 | Chornomorets Odessa | 34 | 11 | 11 | 12 | 30 | 36 | 6 | | 32 |
| 11 | Dynamo Moscow | 34 | 13 | 5 | 16 | 42 | 52 | 10 | | 31 |
| 12 | Metalist Kharkiv | 34 | 10 | 11 | 13 | 32 | 34 | 2 | | 30 |
| 13 | Torpedo Kutaisi | 34 | 10 | 10 | 14 | 39 | 45 | 6 | | 30 |
| 14 | Shakhtar Donetsk | 34 | 10 | 9 | 15 | 42 | 57 | 15 | 29 | Qualification for Cup Winners' Cup first round |
| 15 | CSKA Moscow | 34 | 10 | 9 | 15 | 41 | 46 | 5 | 29 |  |
| 16 | Neftchi Baku | 34 | 10 | 7 | 17 | 42 | 63 | 21 | | 27 |
| 17 | Kuban Krasnodar (R) | 34 | 9 | 9 | 16 | 37 | 48 | 11 | 27 | Relegation to First League |
| 18 | Kairat Alma-Ata (R) | 34 | 7 | 10 | 17 | 34 | 56 | 22 | | 24 |

Source:
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated
Notes:

## Results

| Home \ Away | ARA | CHO | CSK | DNI | DYK | DMN | DYN | DTB | KAI | KUB | MKH | NEF | PAK | SHA | SPA | TKU | TOR | ZEN |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ararat Yerevan |  | 6–1 | 3–2 | 1–3 | 2–3 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 3–2 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 3–0 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 4–1 | 2–0 |
| Chornomorets Odessa | 0–1 |  | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 3–2 | 0–1 | 1–1 | 1–0 | 1–2 | 3–2 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 0–1 | 1–0 | 0–0 |
| CSKA Moscow | 2–3 | 1–2 |  | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–3 | 1–2 | 2–3 | 1–0 | 2–2 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 0–1 | 1–0 | 0–2 | 3–0 | 2–1 | 1–1 |
| Dnipro Dnipropetrosk | 1–1 | 1–0 | 1–0 |  | 0–0 | 1–3 | 3–2 | 0–0 | 3–2 | 1–0 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 1–1 | 0–0 | 3–1 |
| Dynamo Kyiv | 4–0 | 0–0 | 3–0 | 1–1 |  | 2–3 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 3–0 | 3–0 | 2–1 | 4–0 | 1–0 | 5–0 | 1–2 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 1–1 |
| Dinamo Minsk | 1–1 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 |  | 1–0 | 2–0 | 3–2 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 0–0 | 3–0 | 1–0 | 3–2 | 0–1 | 0–0 |
| Dynamo Moscow | 2–0 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 3–0 | 2–1 | 0–7 |  | 2–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 0–3 | 0–2 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 |
| Dinamo Tbilisi | 1–1 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 1–5 | 4–1 | 1–0 |  | 1–0 | 3–1 | 1–0 | 5–3 | 2–1 | 2–2 | 3–1 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 2–1 |
| Kairat Alma-Ata | 1–2 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 1–0 | 1–2 | 2–2 | 1–2 | 2–2 |  | 2–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 0–4 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 2–3 |
| Kuban Krasnodar | 1–0 | 3–3 | 2–0 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 1–3 | 4–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 |  | 1–0 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 1–0 | 0–2 | 1–0 | 0–0 | 1–2 |
| Metalist Kharkiv | 1–0 | 0–0 | 2–2 | 1–0 | 0–0 | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–0 | 0–1 | 1–0 |  | 2–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–3 | 3–3 | 1–2 | 0–0 |
| Neftçi Baku | 0–1 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 3–0 | 2–1 | 3–2 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 2–3 | 1–0 |  | 4–2 | 2–2 | 4–3 | 3–2 | 0–2 | 1–0 |
| Pakhtakor Tashkent | 0–0 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 0–2 | 0–3 | 3–0 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–2 |  | 2–1 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 1–1 | 5–0 |
| Shakhtar Donetsk | 3–1 | 0–0 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 2–1 | 1–1 | 3–3 | 3–2 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 3–1 |  | 2–2 | 1–1 | 0–1 | 4–3 |
| Spartak Moscow | 1–2 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 1–2 | 3–4 | 0–1 | 4–1 | 3–0 | 3–1 | 0–0 | 5–0 | 0–0 | 3–2 |  | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 |
| Torpedo Kutaisi | 2–0 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 2–3 | 1–1 | 0–0 | 2–1 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–2 | 1–0 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 2–4 |  | 2–1 | 2–0 |
| Torpedo Moscow | 1–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 0–1 | 1–2 | 1–2 | 0–0 | 1–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 0–0 | 0–0 | 5–1 | 1–2 | 0–0 |  | 2–0 |
| Zenit Leningrad | 5–0 | 0–0 | 1–2 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 3–1 | 5–0 | 1–2 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 0–1 | 3–0 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 4–2 |  |

Source:
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

## Top scorers

23 goals 18 goals 16 goals 13 goals 12 goals

## Medal squads

*(league appearances and goals listed in brackets)*

| **1. FC Dinamo Minsk** |
| --- |
| **Goalkeepers:** Mikhail Vergeyenko (28 / 1), Yury Kurbyko (7).
**Defenders:** Yuri Kurnenin (31 / 7), Yury Trukhan (29), Viktor Yanushevsky (27), Sergei Borovsky (25), Viktor Shishkin (18), Liudas Rumbutis (17), Igor Belov (12).
**Midfielders:** Aleksandr Prokopenko (31 / 11), Sergey Gotsmanov (31 / 2), Andrei Zygmantovich (30 / 2), Yuri Pudyshev (29 / 3), Sergei Aleinikov (21 / 8), Valeri Melnikov (18), Alyaksandr Vanyushkin (1).
**Forwards:** Georgi Kondratyev (32 / 10), Igor Gurinovich (28 / 13), Pyotr Vasilevsky (20 / 5), Viktor Sokol (2 / 1).
**Manager:** Eduard Malofeyev.
**Transferred out during the season:** none. |
| **2. FC Dynamo Kyiv** |
| **Goalkeepers:** Viktor Chanov (24), Mykhaylo Mykhaylov (12).
**Defenders:** Anatoliy Demyanenko (32 / 5), Oleksandr Sorokalet (29), Volodymyr Lozynskyi (28 / 1), Sergei Baltacha (26 / 1), Mykhaylo Olefirenko (25 / 2), Volodymyr Bezsonov (18 / 4), Oleksandr Boyko (12), Yuriy Makhynya (2).
**Midfielders:** Andriy Bal (31 / 5), Yaroslav Dumanskyi (29 / 2), Leonid Buryak (21 / 3), Aleksandr Khapsalis (14 / 2), Vasyl Rats (11 / 1), Volodymyr Veremeyev (10), Pavlo Yakovenko (4).
**Forwards:** Viktor Khlus (31 / 10), Vadym Yevtushenko (25 / 9), Oleg Blokhin (24 / 10), Hryhoriy Pasechnyi (4 / 1).
**Manager:** Valeriy Lobanovskyi.
**Transferred out during the season:** none. |
| **3. FC Spartak Moscow** |
| **Goalkeepers:** Rinat Dasayev (28), Aleksei Prudnikov (12).
**Defenders:** Oleg Romantsev (33 / 1), Vladimir Sochnov (33 / 1), Gennady Morozov (27), Vladimir Shcherbak (24), Boris Pozdnyakov (19), Vladimir Bukiyevskiy (4), Ivan Vyshnevskyi (2), Alexander Mirzoyan (2).
**Midfielders:** Sergey Shavlo (34 / 11), Fyodor Cherenkov (33 / 10), Yuri Gavrilov (31 / 6), Edgar Gess (30 / 5), Yevgeni Kuznetsov (17), Sergei Nikitin (2).
**Forwards:** Sergey Rodionov (30 / 9), Aleksandr Kalashnikov (26 / 5), Sergei Shvetsov (24 / 9), Viktor Hrachov (5 / 1), Mikhail Rusyayev (3), Vladimir Nikonov (1), Oleg Smirnov (1).
**Manager:** Konstantin Beskov.
**Transferred out during the season:** Viktor Hrachov (to FC Shakhtar Donetsk). |

## Number of teams by union republic

| Rank | Union republic | Number of teams | Club(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | RSFSR | 6 | CSKA Moscow, Dinamo Moscow, Kuban Krasnodar, Spartak Moscow, Torpedo Moscow, Zenit Leningrad |
| 2 | Ukrainian SSR | 5 | Chernomorets Odessa, Dinamo Kiev, Dnepr Dnepropetrovsk, Metallist Kharkov, Shakhter Donetsk |
| 3 | Georgian SSR | 2 | Dinamo Tbilisi, Torpedo Kutaisi |
| 4 | Armenian SSR | 1 | Ararat Yerevan |
| | Azerbaijan SSR | | Neftchi Baku |
| | Belarusian SSR | | Dinamo Minsk |
| | Kazakh SSR | | Kairat Alma-Ata |
| | Uzbek SSR | | Pakhtakor Tashkent |
| ||

## InfoBox

Soviet Top League
| Season | 1982 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Dinamo Minsk |
| Relegated | Kuban Krasnodar, Kairat Alma-Ata |
| European Cup | Dinamo Minsk |
| Cup Winners' Cup | Shakhter Donetsk |
| UEFA Cup | Spartak Moscow
Dinamo Kiev |
| Matches played | 306 |
| Goals scored | 776 (2.54 per match) |
| Top goalscorer | (23) Andrei Yakubik (Pakhtakor) |
| 1981 1983 | |


abstract: The 1980 United States presidential election in Vermont took place on November 4, 1980, as part of the 1980 United States presidential election which was held throughout all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Voters chose three representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Vermont voted for the Republican nominee Ronald Reagan of California and his running mate George H.W. Bush of Texas. Reagan took 44.37% of the vote to incumbent Democratic President Jimmy Carter’s 38.41%, a victory margin of 5.96%. Independent John Anderson took 14.90%. Long a bastion of liberal Republicanism, Vermont was the only state in the nation to swing Democratic in 1980, having delivered a more comfortable 11.20% margin of victory to moderate Republican Gerald Ford just four years earlier in 1976, even as the rest of the nation swung hard toward the GOP in 1980. Whereas Ford had swept every county in the state of Vermont, Reagan narrowly lost two Northwestern counties, Chittenden and Grand Isle, to Carter. Reagan became the first Republican to ever win without Grand Isle County. The conservative Reagan would bleed a substantial amount of support in the state to John Anderson, who had been a liberal Republican congressman before mounting his independent bid for the presidency. Anderson proved very popular with liberal and moderate voters in New England who viewed Reagan as too far to the right and with normally leaning Democratic voters who were dissatisfied with the policies of the Carter Administration. New England overall would prove to be Anderson's strongest region in the nation, with all 6 New England states giving double-digit percentages to Anderson. Vermont would ultimately prove to be John Anderson’s second strongest state in the nation after neighboring Massachusetts, his 14.9% of the vote in the state more than double the 6.61% he got nationwide. Along with Maine, New York, Mississippi and Michigan, Vermont was one of the few states in which President Carter won counties that had gone to Ford in the previous presidential election, as Carter flipped both Chittenden and Grand Isle counties. To date, this is the last time that the towns of Brattleboro, Thetford, Vershire, and Woodbury voted Republican.

text:
# 1980 United States presidential election in Vermont

The **1980 United States presidential election in Vermont** took place on November 4, 1980, as part of the 1980 United States presidential election which was held throughout all 50 states and the District of Columbia. Voters chose three representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for president and vice president. Vermont voted for the Republican nominee Ronald Reagan of California and his running mate George H.W. Bush of Texas. Reagan took 44.37% of the vote to incumbent Democratic President Jimmy Carter’s 38.41%, a victory margin of 5.96%. Independent John Anderson took 14.90%.

Long a bastion of liberal Republicanism, Vermont was the only state in the nation to swing Democratic in 1980, having delivered a more comfortable 11.20% margin of victory to moderate Republican Gerald Ford just four years earlier in 1976, even as the rest of the nation swung hard toward the GOP in 1980. Whereas Ford had swept every county in the state of Vermont, Reagan narrowly lost two Northwestern counties, Chittenden and Grand Isle, to Carter. Reagan became the first Republican to ever win without Grand Isle County.

The conservative Reagan would bleed a substantial amount of support in the state to John Anderson, who had been a liberal Republican congressman before mounting his independent bid for the presidency. Anderson proved very popular with liberal and moderate voters in New England who viewed Reagan as too far to the right and with normally leaning Democratic voters who were dissatisfied with the policies of the Carter Administration. New England overall would prove to be Anderson's strongest region in the nation, with all 6 New England states giving double-digit percentages to Anderson. Vermont would ultimately prove to be John Anderson’s second strongest state in the nation after neighboring Massachusetts, his 14.9% of the vote in the state more than double the 6.61% he got nationwide.

Along with Maine, New York, Mississippi and Michigan, Vermont was one of the few states in which President Carter won counties that had gone to Ford in the previous presidential election, as Carter flipped both Chittenden and Grand Isle counties.

To date, this is the last time that the towns of Brattleboro, Thetford, Vershire, and Woodbury voted Republican.

## Primaries

1980 Democratic Primary
| Candidate | Votes | Delegates |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Jimmy Carter** **(incumbent)** | **29,015** | **10** |
| Ted Kennedy | 10,135 | 4 |
| Others | 553 | 0 |
| **Totals** | **39,703** | **14** |

1980 Republican Primary
| Candidate | Votes | Delegates |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Ronald Reagan** | **19,720** | **6** |
| John Anderson | 19,030 | 6 |
| George H.W. Bush | 14,226 | 5 |
| Howard Baker | 8,055 | 3 |
| Others | 4,580 | 0 |
| **Totals** | **65,611** | **20** |

## Results

| 1980 United States presidential election in Vermont | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes |
|  | **Republican** | **Ronald Reagan** | **94,598** | **44.37%** | **3** |
|  | Democratic | Jimmy Carter (incumbent) | 81,891 | 38.41% | 0 |
|
|  | Independent | John Anderson | 31,760 | 14.90% | 0 |
|  | Citizens | Barry Commoner | 2,316 | 1.09% | 0 |
|  | Libertarian | Ed Clark | 1,900 | 0.89% | 0 |
|  | *No party* | Write-ins | 413 | 0.19% | 0 |
|  | Socialist | David McReynolds | 136 | 0.06% | 0 |
|  | Communist | Gus Hall | 118 | 0.06% | 0 |
|  | Socialist Workers | Clifton DeBerry | 75 | 0.04% | 0 |
|
| **Totals** | | | **213,207** | **100.00%** | **3** |
| Voter Turnout (Voting age/Registered) | | | | | 58%/68% |

### Results by county

| County | Ronald Reagan
Republican | | Jimmy Carter
Democratic | | John B. Anderson
Independent | | Barry Commoner
Citizens | | Ed Clark
Libertarian | | Various candidates
Other parties | | Margin | | Total votes cast |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | |
| Addison | 5,216 | 44.85% | 4,351 | 37.41% | 1,751 | 15.06% | 145 | 1.25% | 145 | 1.25% | 22 | 0.19% | 865 | 7.44% | 11,630 |
| Bennington | 6,091 | 44.39% | 5,361 | 39.07% | 1,978 | 14.42% | 99 | 0.72% | 151 | 1.10% | 41 | 0.30% | 730 | 5.32% | 13,721 |
| Caledonia | 5,986 | 56.88% | 3,284 | 31.21% | 1,068 | 10.15% | 80 | 0.76% | 65 | 0.62% | 40 | 0.38% | 2,702 | 25.67% | 10,523 |
| Chittenden | 18,310 | 39.00% | 18,967 | 40.40% | 8,409 | 17.91% | 677 | 1.44% | 406 | 0.86% | 174 | 0.37% | -657 | -1.40% | 46,943 |
| Essex | 1,305 | 55.77% | 799 | 34.15% | 148 | 6.32% | 6 | 0.26% | 77 | 3.29% | 5 | 0.21% | 506 | 21.62% | 2,340 |
| Franklin | 5,998 | 44.61% | 5,914 | 43.99% | 1,350 | 10.04% | 73 | 0.54% | 80 | 0.60% | 30 | 0.22% | 84 | 0.62% | 13,445 |
| Grand Isle | 947 | 42.28% | 999 | 44.60% | 260 | 11.61% | 9 | 0.40% | 19 | 0.85% | 6 | 0.27% | -52 | -2.32% | 2,240 |
| Lamoille | 3,228 | 46.85% | 2,414 | 35.04% | 1,048 | 15.21% | 103 | 1.49% | 76 | 1.10% | 21 | 0.30% | 814 | 11.81% | 6,890 |
| Orange | 4,656 | 49.52% | 3,079 | 32.75% | 1,371 | 14.58% | 149 | 1.58% | 93 | 0.99% | 54 | 0.57% | 1,577 | 16.77% | 9,402 |
| Orleans | 4,473 | 48.69% | 3,671 | 39.96% | 865 | 9.42% | 54 | 0.59% | 92 | 1.00% | 32 | 0.35% | 802 | 8.73% | 9,187 |
| Rutland | 11,142 | 45.98% | 9,596 | 39.60% | 3,174 | 13.10% | 102 | 0.42% | 155 | 0.64% | 65 | 0.27% | 1,546 | 6.38% | 24,234 |
| Washington | 9,714 | 41.96% | 9,559 | 41.29% | 3,256 | 14.06% | 339 | 1.46% | 198 | 0.86% | 85 | 0.37% | 155 | 0.67% | 23,151 |
| Windham | 7,062 | 42.55% | 5,830 | 35.12% | 3,167 | 19.08% | 296 | 1.78% | 144 | 0.87% | 99 | 0.60% | 1,232 | 7.43% | 16,598 |
| Windsor | 10,470 | 45.71% | 8,067 | 35.22% | 3,915 | 17.09% | 184 | 0.80% | 199 | 0.87% | 68 | 0.30% | 2,403 | 10.49% | 22,903 |
| Totals | 94,598 | 44.37% | 81,891 | 38.41% | 31,760 | 14.90% | 2,316 | 1.09% | 1,900 | 0.89% | 742 | 0.35% | 12,707 | 5.96% | 213,207 |

#### Counties flipped from Republican to Democratic

## Analysis

With Reagan only winning 44.37% of the popular vote, he became the first Republican presidential candidate to win Vermont's popular vote with only a plurality since William Howard Taft won the state with only 37.13% of the vote back in 1912. This marked the second and final time to date that has happened. This election would mark the beginning of Vermont’s transition from a staunchly Republican state to being one of the most Democratic states. Ronald Reagan represented the ascendency of the conservative movement within the modern Republican Party, a party which would become increasingly dominated by conservatives, Southerners, and Evangelical Christians during and after Reagan's administration. Vermont would consequently begin shifting increasingly toward the Democrats in the years to come. It is a highly Democratic state today, as of 2020, as it has been for over 25 years.

Future Senator Bernie Sanders served as one of three electors for the Socialist Workers Party in Vermont.

## InfoBox

1980 United States presidential election in Vermont
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Ronald Reagan** Jimmy Carter John B. Anderson  Party Republican Democratic Independent  Home state California Georgia Illinois  Running mate **George H. W. Bush** Walter Mondale Patrick Lucey  Electoral vote **3** 0 0  Popular vote **94,598** 81,891 31,760  Percentage **44.37%** 38.41% 14.90% | |
| --- | |
| ---  **President before election**
Jimmy Carter
Democratic **Elected President**
Ronald Reagan
Republican | |


title: 1985 World Sambo Championships

abstract: The 1985 World Sambo Championships were held in San Sebastian, Spain in September 1985. Championships were organized for first time by FIAS.

text:
# 1985 World Sambo Championships

The **1985 World Sambo Championships** were held in San Sebastian, Spain in September 1985. Championships were organized for first time by FIAS.

## Medal overview

| men | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| -48 kg | Aleksandr Ulyanin (URS)RUS | Dimitar Dimitrov (BUL) | Kh. Bayarsayman (MGL) |
| -52 kg | Sagid Meretukov (URS)RUS | Ya. Toru (JPN) | Dunkhüügiin Tegshee (MGL) |
| -57 kg | Sergey Ternovykh (URS)GEO | Georgi Yusev (BUL) | Z. Batsukhid (MGL) |
| -62 kg | Aleksandr Aksenov (URS)RUS | S. Osamu (JPN) | Fernando Blas (ESP) |
| -68 kg | Vladimir Panyshin (URS)RUS | Galdangiin Jamsran (MGL) | V. Tsochev (BUL) |
| -74 kg | Viktor Bukhval (URS)BLR | E. Fukai (JPN) | Jon Idarreta (ESP) |
| -82 kg | Anatoly Yakovlev (URS)RUS | Didier Duru (FRA) | Zunduyn Delgerdalay (MGL) |
| -90 kg | Odvogiin Baljinnyam (MGL) | C. Gochev (BUL) | A. Glazunov (URS)UZB |
| -100 kg | Badmaanyambuugiin Bat-Erdene (MGL) | A. Bazin (FRA) | Mikhail Kokorin (URS)RUS |
| +100 kg | Vladimir Shkalov (URS)RUS | N. Dinev (BUL) | B. Khatbaatar (MGL) |

## InfoBox

| 1983 World Sambo Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | San Sebastian, Spain |
|


title: 1982 Independence Bowl

abstract: The 1982 Independence Bowl was a post-season American college football bowl game between the Wisconsin Badgers and the Kansas State Wildcats at Independence Stadium in Shreveport, Louisiana on December 11, 1982. The game was the final contest of the 1982 NCAA Division I-A football season for both teams, and ended in a 14–3 victory for the Badgers. The contest was the first college football game televised live by ESPN, and it was Wisconsin's first bowl victory. The national anthem was performed by the Centenary College Choir. At kickoff, field temperature was 32 °F (0 °C) with freezing rain falling.

text:
# 1982 Independence Bowl

The **1982 Independence Bowl** was a post-season American college football bowl game between the Wisconsin Badgers and the Kansas State Wildcats at Independence Stadium in Shreveport, Louisiana on December 11, 1982. The game was the final contest of the 1982 NCAA Division I-A football season for both teams, and ended in a 14–3 victory for the Badgers.

The contest was the first college football game televised live by ESPN, and it was Wisconsin's first bowl victory. The national anthem was performed by the Centenary College Choir. At kickoff, field temperature was 32 °F (0 °C) with freezing rain falling.

## Game summary

Wisconsin quarterback Randy Wright tossed two touchdown passes as the Badgers overcame an early Kansas State lead for a hard-earned 14–3 victory over the Wildcats in the seventh annual Independence Bowl.

The game, played in cold and wet conditions before an announced crowd of 49,523, marked the first-ever Bowl appearance by Kansas State. A 23 mile-per-hour wind dropped temperatures to 10 below zero and kept many fans away.

After a scoreless first quarter, K-State took the game's first lead with 7:10 left in the second period when Steve Willis booted a 29-yard field goal after defensive end Bob Daniels recovered a fumble at the Badger 18-yard line.

The Wildcats' lead was short-lived, however. On Wisconsin 's ensuing drive following the field goal, the Badgers marched 79 yards in eight plays, scoring a touchdown on a 16-yard pass from Wright to Michael Jones to give UW a 7–3 halftime lead.

Wisconsin struck again midway through the third quarter, when game offensive MVP Wright connected with Tim Stracka on an 87-yard touchdown pass for a 14–3 Badger advantage.

K-State drove deep into Wisconsin territory on its next two possessions, but was unable to score.

One opportunity ended when a Wildcat pass was intercepted in the Badger end zone, while a second was stymied at the Wisconsin 26-yard line, when K-State could not convert on fourth down.

Darrell Ray Dickey completed 13 of 35 passes for 127 yards and one interception on the game for 1982 Big Eight Coach of the Year Jim Dickey's Wildcat squad.

The 35 pass attempts stood as a Kansas State bowl record until 2004, when Ell Roberson's 51 attempts in the 2004 Tostitos Fiesta Bowl vs. Ohio State.

## InfoBox

| 1982 Independence Bowl | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 1 2 3 4 Total  **Wisconsin** 0 7 7 0 14  **Kansas State** 0 3 0 0 3 | |
| Date | December 11, 1982 |
| Season | 1982 |
| Stadium | Independence Stadium |
| Location | Shreveport, Louisiana |
| MVP | Randy Wright and Tim Krumrie |
| National anthem | Centenary College Choir |
| Referee | Dick Burleson (SEC) |
| Attendance | 49,523 |
| Payout | US$600,000 |
| United States TV coverage | |
| Network | Mizlou Television Network/ESPN |
| Announcers | Howard David, Danny Abramowicz, Steve Grad |
|


title: 1982 Icelandic Cup

abstract: The 1982 Icelandic Cup was the 23rd edition of the National Football Cup. It took place between 26 May 1980 and 29 August 1982, with the final played at Laugardalsvöllur in Reykjavík. The cup was important, as winners qualified for the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup. The 10 clubs from the 1. Deild entered in the last 16, with clubs from lower tiers entering in the three preliminary rounds. Teams played one-legged matches. In case of a draw, the match was replayed at the opposition's ground. ÍA beat Keflavík, and so qualified for Europe.

text:
# 1982 Icelandic Cup

The **1982 Icelandic Cup** was the 23rd edition of the National Football Cup.

It took place between 26 May 1980 and 29 August 1982, with the final played at Laugardalsvöllur in Reykjavík. The cup was important, as winners qualified for the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup (if a club won both the league and the cup, the defeated finalists would take their place in the Cup Winners' Cup).

The 10 clubs from the 1. Deild entered in the last 16, with clubs from lower tiers entering in the three preliminary rounds. Teams played one-legged matches. In case of a draw, the match was replayed at the opposition's ground.

ÍA beat Keflavík, and so qualified for Europe.

## First round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **26 May 1982** | | |
| Bolungarvík | 2–3 | **Grundarfjörður** |
| HV | 0–2 | **Víkingur Ó.** |
| **Grindavík** | 3–1 | Stokkseyri |
| Hekla Hella | 0–12 | **Njarðvík** |
| **Víðir** | 7–0 | Hamar |
| Skallagrímur | 0–1 | **FH** |
| **IK** | 4–3 | Stjarnan |
| Reynir Hnífsdalur | 0–5 | **Augnablik** |
| Höttur | 0–3 | **Einherji** |
| **Reynir Sandgerði** | 1–0 | Fylkir |
| **Huginn** | 7–1 | Valur Reyðarfjörður |
| Sindri | 0–6 | **þrottur Norðfjörður** |
| Haukar | 0–1 | **Ármann** |
| **Afturelding** | 3–1 | Selfoss |
| Snæfell | 1–2 | **þróttur** |

## Second round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **8 June 1982** | | |
| **Reynir Sandgerði** | 2–0 | Augnablik |
| **þór Akureyri** | 2–1 | KS |
| **Völsungur** | 8–0 | Arroðinn A. |
| **Ármann** | 3–2 | Grindavík |
| Austri Eskifjörður | 2–3 | **Huginn** |
| **þróttur** | 3–1 | Víkingur Ó. |
| Dagsbrún | 1–5 | **Leiftur** |
| Grundarfjörður | 1–3 | **Afturelding** |
| **IK** | 2–1 | FH |
| **Einherji** | 2–1 | þrottur Norðfjörður |
| Njarðvík | 0–3 | **Víðir** |
| **Tindastóll** | 5–1 | Magni Grenivík |

## Third round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **22 June 1982** | | |
| **þróttur** | 3–1 | Afturelding |
| Ármann | 0–1 | **Víðir** |
| **Reynir Sandgerði** | 1–0 | IK |
| **Huginn** | 5–0 | Einherji |
| Tindastóll | 0–1 | **Völsungur** |
| **þór Akureyri** | 7–2 | Leiftur |

## Fourth round

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **7 July 1982** | | |
| Huginn | 0–4 | **Reynir Sandgerði** |
| Víðir | 0–2 | **Keflavík** |
| þróttur | 1–5 | **ÍA** |
| ÍBV Vestmannaeyjar | 1–4 | **Fram** |
| þór Akureyri | 1–3 | **Breiðablik** |
| **KR** | 2–1 | Valur |
| Völsungur | 1–2 | **Víkingur** |
| **8 July 1982** | | |
| **KA** | 3–1 | ÍBÍ |

## Quarter-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **21 July 1982** | | |
| **Keflavík** | 3–0 | Fram |
| Breiðablik | 1–2 | **ÍA** |
| **KR** | 1–0 | Reynir Sandgerði |
| KA | 1–3 | **Víkingur** |

## Semi-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **11 August 1982** | | |
| **Keflavík** | 1–0 | KR |
| Víkingur | 1–2 | **ÍA** |

## Final

| ÍA | 2–1 | Keflavík |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ingolfsson <br>Sveinsson | Report | Margeirsson |

Laugardalsvöllur, Reykjavík

## InfoBox

1982 Icelandic Cup
| Bikarkeppni karla | |
| --- | --- |
| Tournament details | |
| Country | Iceland |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | ÍA |
| Runner-up | Keflavík |
|  | |


title: 1985 Donnay Indoor Championships

abstract: The 1985 Donnay Indoor Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Forest National in Brussels, Belgium the event was part of the 1985 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from 11 March until 17 March 1985. Second-seeded Anders Järryd won the singles title.

text:
# 1985 Donnay Indoor Championships

The **1985 Donnay Indoor Championships** was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Forest National in Brussels, Belgium the event was part of the 1985 Nabisco Grand Prix. It was the fifth edition of the tournament and was held from 11 March until 17 March 1985. Second-seeded Anders Järryd won the singles title.

## Prize money

| **Event** | **W** | F | SF | QF | Round of 16 | Round of 32 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Singles | $42,000 | $21,000 | $11,130 | $5,985 | $3,255 | $1,785 |
| Doubles\* | $12,600 | $6,300 | $3,486 | $2,184 | $1,448 |  |

<sub>\*per team</sub>

## Finals

### Singles

Anders Järryd defeated  Mats Wilander, 6–4, 3–6, 7–5

* It was Järryd's 1st singles title of the year and the 5th of his career.

### Doubles

Stefan Edberg /  Anders Järryd defeated  Kevin Curren /  Wojciech Fibak, 6–3, 7–6

## InfoBox

| 1985 Donnay Indoor Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 11–17 March |
| Edition | 5th |
| Category | Grand Prix |
| Draw | 32S / 16D |
| Prize money | 210,000 |
| Surface | Carpet / indoor |
| Location | Brussels, Belgium |
| Venue | Forest National |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Anders Järryd | |
| Doubles | |
| Stefan Edberg /  Anders Järryd | |
|  | |


title: 1984 Kansas Jayhawks football team

abstract: The 1984 Kansas Jayhawks football team represented the University of Kansas in the Big Eight Conference during the 1984 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their second season under head coach Mike Gottfried, the Jayhawks compiled a 5–6 record, finished in fourth place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 298 to 218. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas. The Jayhawks defeated in-state opponent Wichita State 31–7 in what was the final game the two schools played before Wichita State eliminated their football program following the 1986 season. The team's statistical leaders included Mike Norseth with 1,682 passing yards, Lynn Williams with 776 rushing yards, and Richard Estell with 500 receiving yards. Sylvester Byrd, Willie Pless, and Bennie Simecka were the team captains.

text:
# 1984 Kansas Jayhawks football team

1984 Big Eight Conference football standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | T |  |  | W |  | L |  | T |
| No. 4 Nebraska \+ | 6 |  | 1 |  | 0 |  |  | 10 |  | 2 |  | 0 |
| No. 6 Oklahoma \+ | 6 |  | 1 |  | 0 |  |  | 9 |  | 2 |  | 1 |
| No. 7 Oklahoma State | 5 |  | 2 |  | 0 |  |  | 10 |  | 2 |  | 0 |
| Kansas | 4 |  | 3 |  | 0 |  |  | 5 |  | 6 |  | 0 |
| Missouri | 2 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  | 7 |  | 1 |
| Kansas State | 2 |  | 4 |  | 1 |  |  | 3 |  | 7 |  | 1 |
| Colorado | 1 |  | 6 |  | 0 |  |  | 1 |  | 10 |  | 0 |
| Iowa State | 0 |  | 5 |  | 2 |  |  | 2 |  | 7 |  | 2 |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| * \+  Conference co-champions Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1984 Kansas Jayhawks football team** represented the University of Kansas in the Big Eight Conference during the 1984 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their second season under head coach Mike Gottfried, the Jayhawks compiled a 5–6 record (4–3 against conference opponents), finished in fourth place in the conference, and were outscored by opponents by a combined total of 298 to 218. They played their home games at Memorial Stadium in Lawrence, Kansas.

The Jayhawks defeated in-state opponent Wichita State 31–7 in what was the final game the two schools played before Wichita State eliminated their football program following the 1986 season.

The team's statistical leaders included Mike Norseth with 1,682 passing yards, Lynn Williams with 776 rushing yards, and Richard Estell with 500 receiving yards. Sylvester Byrd, Willie Pless, and Bennie Simecka were the team captains.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| September 8 | Wichita State* |  | W 31–7 | 33,200 |  |
| September 15 | No. 18 Florida State* | * Memorial Stadium * Lawrence, KS | L 16–42 | 38,600 |  |
| September 22 | at Vanderbilt* |  | L 6–41 | 41,120 |  |
| September 29 | at North Carolina* |  | L 17–23 | 45,000 |  |
| October 6 | Iowa State | * Memorial Stadium * Lawrence, KS | W 33–14 | 31,500 |  |
| October 13 | at Kansas State |  | L 7–24 | 42,250 |  |
| October 20 | at No. 12 Oklahoma State |  | L 10–47 | 44,000 |  |
| October 27 | No. 2 Oklahoma | * Memorial Stadium * Lawrence, KS | W 28–11 | 29,500 |  |
| November 3 | at Colorado |  | W 28–27 | 33,166 |  |
| November 10 | No. 2 Nebraska | * Memorial Stadium * Lawrence, KS (rivalry) | L 7–41 | 50,653 |  |
| November 17 | at Missouri |  | W 35–21 | 41,027 |  |
| * \*Non-conference game * Homecoming * Rankings from AP Poll released prior to the game | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1984 Kansas Jayhawks football | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | Big Eight Conference |
| Record | 5–6 (4–3 Big 8) |
| Head coach |  |
| Captain | Sylvester Byrd, Willie Pless, Bennie Simecka |
| Home stadium | Memorial Stadium |
|


title: 1985–86 Tennis Borussia Berlin season

abstract: The 1985–86 season was the sixth time Tennis Borussia Berlin played in the 2. Fußball-Bundesliga, the second highest tier of the German football league system. After 38 league games, Tennis Borussia finished 19th and were relegated. The club also lost in the first round of the DFB-Pokal; going out 1–0 away to Alemannia Aachen. Peter Fraßmann scored 8 of the club's 48 league goals.

text:
# 1985–86 Tennis Borussia Berlin season

The **1985–86 season** was the sixth time **Tennis Borussia Berlin** played in the 2. Fußball-Bundesliga, the second highest tier of the German football league system. After 38 league games, Tennis Borussia finished 19th and were relegated. The club also lost in the first round of the DFB-Pokal; going out 1–0 away to Alemannia Aachen. Peter Fraßmann scored 8 of the club's 48 league goals.

## 1985–86 Tennis Borussia Berlin squad

| No. Pos. Nation Player  GK  FRG Armin Reichel  GK  FRG Bernd Stieler  DF  FRG Dirk Greiser  DF  FRG Frank Hammerschlag *(from 1 November 1985)*  DF  FRG Michael Hertwig  DF  FRG Dietmar Schacht  MF  FRG Peter Fraßmann  MF  FRG Christian Hübner  MF  FRG Robert Jüttner  MF  YUG Damir Maričić  MF  FRG Mario Miethig  MF  YUG Željko Mišić | No. Pos. Nation Player  MF  FRG Karl-Heinz Peter  MF  FRG Uwe Rapolder  MF  FRG Gerald Scheunemann  MF  FRG Lothar Schlapp  MF  FRG Martin Wiesner  FW  FRG Uwe Bialon  FW  FRG Frank Dietrich  FW  FRG Michael Fiedler  FW  GRE Eleftherios Fotiadis  FW  FRG Rudi Gores  FW  FRG Wilhelm Reisinger |
| --- | --- |

## 1985–86 fixtures

| 3 August 1985 2. Bundesliga | **SpVgg Bayreuth** | **3 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Hans-Walter-Wild-Stadion, Bayreuth |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Gebhardt  35' (pen.)
Scheler  64' (pen.), 85'
Hayn  Brendel  Scheler | Report | Hertwig  Fraßmann  Scheunemann
Schlapp  64' | Attendance: 4,100
Referee: Herbert Eli (Idar-Oberstein) |

| 7 August 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **1 – 2** | **Karlsruher SC** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19:30 | Bialon  9'
Fiedler  Fotiadis | Report | Bogdan  24'
Pilipovic  77'
Maurer  Schmidt | Attendance: 3,000
Referee: Dieter Pauly (Rheydt) |

| 10 August 1985 2. Bundesliga | **SG Wattenscheid 09** | **2 – 1** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Lohrheidestadion, Bochum-Wattenscheid |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Tilner  38'
Kunkel  52' | Report | Bialon  87' | Attendance: 1,400
Referee: Kurt Witke (Mönchzell) |

| 17 August 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **0 – 0** | **SV Darmstadt 98** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  | Report | Glaser  Bernecker | Attendance: 2,200
Referee: Heinz Werner (Auersmacher) |

| 21 August 1985 2. Bundesliga | **MSV Duisburg** | **1 – 3** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Wedaustadion, Duisburg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19:30 | Porn  49' | Report | Rapolder  51'
Bialon  54'
Fotiadis  72'
Schlapp  Fiedler | Attendance: 3,000
Referee: Peter Steffens (Herzogenrath) |

| 24 August 1985 DFB-Pokal – R1 | **Alemannia Aachen** | **1 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Tivoli, Aachen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Delzepich  87'
Thomas | Report | Maričić | Attendance: 2,800
Referee: Hans-Joachim Osmers (Bremen) |

| 31 August 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **3 – 3** | **VfL Osnabrück** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Fiedler  23'
Fotiadis  29'
Dietrich  90' | Report | Linz  5', 88'
Heskamp  47'
Eymold | Attendance: 2,000
Referee: Peter Müller (Nochern) |

| 4 September 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Viktoria Aschaffenburg** | **3 – 1** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Stadion am Schönbusch, Aschaffenburg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19:30 | Knecht  51', 63'
Lindenau  88' | Report | Fotiadis  59'
Jüttner  Fiedler  Rapolder | Attendance: 5,600
Referee: Adolf Ermer (Weiden) |

| 7 September 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **4 – 0** | **SC Freiburg** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Fiedler  14'
Fotiadis  25'
Rapolder  35'
Bialon  68'
Peter | Report | Zele  Maier  Weber  Sané | Attendance: 1,400
Referee: Wolf-Günter Wiesel (Ottbergen) |

| 14 September 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Hertha BSC** | **3 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Olympiastadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Schlumberger  2'
Grillemeier  12'
Glöde  87' | Report |  | Attendance: 12,000
Referee: Uwe Kasperowski (Berlin) |

| 21 September 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **3 – 0** | **SG Union Solingen** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Reisinger  22', 54'
Wiesner  49'
Bialon  Maričić | Report | Pontzen  Reif  Lefkes | Attendance: 1,500
Referee: Wolfgang Mierswa (Hennigsen) |

| 28 September 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Stuttgarter Kickers** | **4 – 3** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Waldau-Stadion, Stuttgart |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Vollmer  33', 58'
Müller  66'
Merkle  69'
Hobday
Elser  44' | Report | Reisinger  7'
Maričić  75'
Fraßmann  79'
Schlapp  Rapolder  Reisinger  Maričić
Peter  87' | Attendance: 3,800
Referee: Markus Merk (Otterbach) |

| 5 October 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **2 – 2** | **Rot-Weiß Oberhausen** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Maričić  16'
Fraßmann  88' (pen.)
Scheunemann | Report | Burgsmüller  42'
Krella  55'
Baffoe  Dörmann | Attendance: 1,400
Referee: Anton Matheis (Rodalben) |

| 12 October 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Eintracht Braunschweig** | **2 – 2** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Eintracht-Stadion, Braunschweig |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Hintermaier  28'
Posipal  60'
Plagge  Kubsda  Hoff | Report | Maričić  32'
Bialon  58'
Fraßmann  Rapolder  Wiesner
Hertwig  53' | Attendance: 6,000
Referee: Manfred Amerell (Munich) |

| 26 October 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **2 – 2** | **FC 08 Homburg** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Fraßmann  60' (pen.)
Reisinger  71'
Greiser  Reisinger | Report | Dooley  57'
Fuchs  88'
Mörsdorf  Ehrmantraut  Lenz | Attendance: 1,500
Referee: Bernd Kruse (Beckum) |

| 2 November 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Arminia Bielefeld** | **2 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Stadion Alm, Bielefeld |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Helmer  79'
Rautiainen  89'
Wohlers | Report | Rapolder  Schacht | Attendance: 6,000
Referee: Rainer Jupe (Traisa) |

| 9 November 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **1 – 3** | **SC Fortuna Köln** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Fiedler  6'
Schlapp  Bialon | Report | Lazaro  64', 86'
Grabosch  79' (pen.)
Grabosch | Attendance: 1,700
Referee: Klaus Bodmer (Nattheim) |

| 20 November 1985 2. Bundesliga | **KSV Hessen Kassel** | **2 – 2** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Auestadion, Kassel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19:30 | Deuerling  5'
Bakalorz  67'
Bakalorz  Sippel | Report | Reisinger  38', 69'
Hammerschlag  Fiedler  Peter | Attendance: 3,000
Referee: Walter Stark |

| 23 November 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Alemannia Aachen** | **4 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Tivoli, Aachen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Gries  35', 62'
Montañés  45'
Brandts  74' (pen.) | Report | Schacht  Scheunemann  Hammerschlag
Bialon  22' | Attendance: 2,000
Referee: Karl Gangkofer (Eggenfelden) |

| 30 November 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **0 – 4** | **SpVgg Blau-Weiß 1890 Berlin** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  | Report | Mattern  4', 74'
Hellmann  13'
Bunk  58' | Attendance: — |

| 7 December 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **3 – 0** | **SpVgg Bayreuth** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Hammerschlag  27'
Fraßmann  57' (pen.)
Fiedler  73'
Greiser  Maričić  Fraßmann | Report | Pförtner  Scheler  Dittwar | Attendance: 1,000
Referee: Klaus Broska (Gelsenkirchen) |

| 14 December 1985 2. Bundesliga | **Karlsruher SC** | **3 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Wildparkstadion, Karlsruhe |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Schütterle  4'
Künast  60'
Pilipovic  73' (pen.)
Schmidt | Report | Maričić  Gores | Attendance: 3,500
Referee: Norbert Brückner (Berlin) |

| 1 February 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **1 – 2** | **SG Wattenscheid 09** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Gores  90'
Schlapp | Report | Tschiskale  14'
Allievi  85'
Steiner  Siewert | Attendance: 1,000
Referee: Manfred Probst (Waldsassen) |

| 8 February 1986 2. Bundesliga | **SV Darmstadt 98** | **3 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Stadion am Böllenfalltor, Darmstadt |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Kuhl  50', 85'
Zimmermann  63'
Labbadia  Scheepers | Report |  | Attendance: 2,400
Referee: Joachim Kautschor (Eschweiler) |

| 15 February 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **2 – 1** | **MSV Duisburg** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Dietrich  2'
Maričić  81' | Report | Schmidt  55' | Attendance: 400
Referee: Wolf-Rüdiger Umbach (Rottdorf) |

| 1 March 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **2 – 1** | **Viktoria Aschaffenburg** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Fraßmann  29' (pen.)
Dietrich  59'
Scheunemann | Report | Lindenau  89' | Attendance: 900
Referee: Wolf-Dieter Ahlenfelder (Oberhausen) |

| 22 March 1986 2. Bundesliga | **SG Union Solingen** | **0 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Stadion am Hermann-Löns-Weg, Solingen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  | Report | Fiedler | Attendance: 4,000
Referee: Karl-Josef Assenmacher (Fischenich) |

| 26 March 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **2 – 1** | **Stuttgarter Kickers** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19:30 | Maričić  7'
Gores  35'
Gores | Report | Vollmer  61'
Dannenberg  Hobday | Attendance: 800
Referee: Wilfried Heitmann (Drentwede) |

| 5 April 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Rot-Weiß Oberhausen** | **3 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Niederrheinstadion, Oberhausen |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Abramczik  43'
Hahn  66'
Gorka  84'
Gorka | Report | Schacht  Scheunemann | Attendance: 1,500
Referee: Edgar Steinborn (Sinzig) |

| 8 April 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **0 – 4** | **Hertha BSC** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19:00 | Hertwig  Hammerschlag | Report | Grillemeier  46'
Meier  54'
Gowitzke  89'
Wormuth  90'
Grillemeier  Kneißl | Attendance: 8,400
Referee: Siegfried Brehm (Kemmern) |

| 12 April 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **1 – 1** | **Eintracht Braunschweig** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Fraßmann  71' | Report | Ellmerich  4' (pen.)
Merkhoffer | Attendance: 1,400
Referee: Manfred Weilandt |

| 15 April 1986 2. Bundesliga | **SC Freiburg** | **1 – 2** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Dreisamstadion, Freiburg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19:00 | Löw  6'
Maier | Report | Fraßmann  12' (pen.)
Hammerschlag  87'
Rapolder  Gores | Attendance: 3,200
Referee: Hans-Peter Dellwing (Trier) |

| 19 April 1986 2. Bundesliga | **FC 08 Homburg** | **3 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Waldstadion Homburg, Homburg |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Friedmann  7', 37' (pen.)
Freiler  85' | Report | Scheunemann  Gores | Attendance: 3,000
Referee: Walter Stark |

| 22 April 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **1 – 2** | **Arminia Bielefeld** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19:30 | Hammerschlag  62' | Report | Wilke  39'
Kohn  63'
Ostermann | Attendance: 1,300
Referee: Herbert Eli (Idar-Oberstein) |

| 26 April 1986 2. Bundesliga | **SC Fortuna Köln** | **0 – 2** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Südstadion, Cologne |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  | Report | Wiesner  69'
Fraßmann  87'
Gores  Wiesner | Attendance: 4,000
Referee: Bernd Kruse (Beckum) |

| 30 April 1986 2. Bundesliga | **VfL Osnabrück** | **2 – 0** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Stadion an der Bremer Brücke, Osnabrück |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Linz  10', 83' | Report |  | Attendance: 600
Referee: Horst Hellwig (Sandershausen) |

| 3 May 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **0 – 1** | **KSV Hessen Kassel** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 |  | Report | Knauf  90'
Sippel | Attendance: 1,500
Referee: Günter Schmitt (Bad Hersfeld) |

| 8 May 1986 2. Bundesliga | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | **2 – 2** | **Alemannia Aachen** | Mommsenstadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 20:15 | Hammerschlag  68'
Dietrich  71' | Report | Brandts  55'
Nelles  66' | Attendance: 308
Referee: Hans-Joachim Osmers (Bremen) |

| 11 May 1986 2. Bundesliga | **SpVgg Blau-Weiß 1890 Berlin** | **1 – 2** | **Tennis Borussia Berlin** | Olympiastadion, Berlin |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 15:00 | Bunk  56'
Gerber | Report | Fotiadis  29'
Bialon  89'
Maričić | Attendance: 22,000
Referee: Hans-Jürgen Weber (Essen) |

## Player statistics

| Pos | Player | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | 2. Bundesliga | | DFB-Pokal | | Total | |
| FW | Uwe Bialon | 33 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 34 | 6 |
| FW | Frank Dietrich | 20 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 21 | 4 |
| FW | Michael Fiedler | 28 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 29 | 4 |
| FW | Eleftherios Fotiadis | 25 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 26 | 5 |
| MF | Peter Fraßmann | 38 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 39 | 8 |
| FW | Rudi Gores | 18 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 2 |
| DF | Dirk Greiser | 23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 23 | 0 |
| DF | Frank Hammerschlag | 22 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 4 |
| DF | Michael Hertwig | 25 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 25 | 0 |
| MF | Christian Hübner | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| MF | Robert Jüttner | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| MF | Damir Maričić | 26 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 27 | 5 |
| MF | Mario Miethig | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 0 |
| MF | Željko Mišić | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 0 |
| MF | Karl-Heinz Peter | 12 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| MF | Uwe Rapolder | 21 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 22 | 2 |
| GK | Armin Reichel | 36 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 37 | 0 |
| FW | Wilhelm Reisinger | 21 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 6 |
| DF | Dietmar Schacht | 22 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 |
| MF | Gerald Scheunemann | 31 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 32 | 0 |
| MF | Lothar Schlapp | 25 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 26 | 0 |
| GK | Bernd Stieler | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 |
| MF | Martin Wiesner | 37 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 38 | 2 |

## Final league position – 19th

|
|  |
|
1985–86 2. Fußball-Bundesliga: extract from the final league table
| Pos
 | Team
 | Pld
 | W
 | D
 | L
 | GF
 | GA
 | GD
 | Points
 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | FC 08 Homburg **(C)** | 38 | 20 | 9 | 9 | 75 | 42 | +33 | **49:27** |
| 18 | SpVgg Bayreuth **(R)** | 38 | 11 | 9 | 18 | 40 | 73 | –33 | **31:45** |
| ***19*** | ***Tennis Borussia Berlin (R)*** | ***38*** | ***10*** | ***9*** | ***19*** | ***48*** | ***73*** | ***–25*** | ***29:47*** |
| 20 | MSV Duisburg **(R)** | 38 | 5 | 5 | 28 | 34 | 86 | –52 | **15:61** |

## InfoBox

Tennis Borussia Berlin
| 1985–86 season | |
| --- | --- |
| Manager | Gerd Achterberg
(until 30 September 1985)
Eckhard Krautzun
(from 1 October 1985) |
| Stadium | Mommsenstadion |
| 2. Bundesliga | 19th (relegated) |
| DFB-Pokal | First Round |
| Top goalscorer | League:
Peter Fraßmann (8)
All:
Peter Fraßmann (8) |
| Highest home attendance | 8,400 (vs.
Hertha BSC) |
| Lowest home attendance | 308 (vs.
Alemannia Aachen) |
| Average home league attendance | 2,013 |
|  | |


title: 1983 FIRS Intercontinental Cup

abstract: The 1983 Intercontinental Cup was the inaugural roller hockey tournament known as the Intercontinental Cup, played in February 1983. This first edition saw a very different format compared with the other editions, as there were 8 teams playing a round robin pool, each team competing against every other. FC Barcelona won the tournament, above FC Porto. This edition wasn't official until it was recognize by World Skate in 2018.

text:
# 1983 FIRS Intercontinental Cup

The **1983 Intercontinental Cup** was the inaugural roller hockey tournament known as the Intercontinental Cup, played in February 1983. This first edition saw a very different format compared with the other editions, as there were 8 teams (2 teams from Europe, 2 from Brazil, 2 from Argentina and 2 from Chile) playing a round robin pool, each team competing against every other. FC Barcelona won the tournament, above FC Porto. This edition wasn't official until it was recognize by World Skate in 2018.

## Results

| Teams | MSa | TBa | Por | Est | Ser | SMa | Bar |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| CE Manuel de Salas | X |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| CD Thomas Bata | 5–5 | X |  |  |  |  |  |
| FC Porto | 4–4 | 10–5 | X |  |  |  |  |
| CDU Estudiantil | 3–7 | 5–4 | 4–10 | X |  |  |  |
| Sertãozinho HC | 6–1 | 8–1 | 5–9 | 2–2 | X |  |  |
| Club San Martín | D/V | D/D | 4–10 | 2–0 | 2–1 | X |  |
| FC Barcelona | 10–2 | 8–3 | 4–1 | V/D | 4–0 | 3–0 | X |
| Portuguesa | 3–7 | 2–6 | 4–10 | D/D | D/V | 1–2 | 1–7 |

## Standings

Key to colors
|  | Winner, Intercontinental Champion |
| --- | --- |

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FC Barcelona | 7 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 36 | 7 | +29 | **14** |
| FC Porto | 7 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 54 | 30 | +24 | **11** |
| CE Manuel de Salas | 7 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 26 | 31 | 5 | **8** |
| Sertãozinho HC | 7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 22 | 19 | +3 | **7** |
| Club San Martín | 7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 10 | 15 | 7 | **7** |
| CDU Estudiantil | 7 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 14 | 25 | 4 | **7** |
| CD Thomas Bata | 7 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 24 | 38 | 4 | **3** |
| Portuguesa | 7 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 11 | 32 | 1 | **0** |

## InfoBox

1983 FIRS Intercontinental Cup
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Host country | Brazil |
| City | Sertãozinho |
| Dates | February, 1983 |
| Teams | 8 |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | FC Barcelona (1st title) |
| Runners-up | FC Porto |
| Third place | LE Manuel de Salas |
| Fourth place | Sertãozinho HC |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 28 |
| Goals scored | 197 (7.04 per match) |
|


abstract: The 1986–87 Scottish Inter-District Championship was a rugby union competition for Scotland's district teams. This season saw the 34th formal Scottish Inter-District Championship. Edinburgh District won the competition with four wins. Midlands fixtures for the season. Midlands - Edinburgh South - Ulster

text:
# 1986–87 Scottish Inter-District Championship

The **1986–87 Scottish Inter-District Championship** was a rugby union competition for Scotland's district teams.

This season saw the 34th formal Scottish Inter-District Championship.

Edinburgh District won the competition with four wins.

Midlands fixtures for the season. Midlands - Edinburgh South - Ulster

## 1986-87 League Table

| Team | P | W | D | L | PF | PA | +/- | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Edinburgh District | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 96 | 51 | +45 | **8** |
| South | 4 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 127 | 45 | +82 | **6** |
| Anglo-Scots | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 46 | 67 | -21 | **4** |
| Glasgow District | 4 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 68 | 99 | -31 | **2** |
| North and Midlands | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 29 | 104 | -75 | **0** |

## Results

| Date | Try | Conversion | Penalty | Dropped goal | Goal from mark | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1977–1991 | 4 points | 2 points | 3 points | 3 points |  |

### Round 1

| Edinburgh District | 42  16 | Glasgow District |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Iain Milne
Stewart McAslan x 3
Gavin Hastings x 3
Jamie Paton
Murray Fisken
**Con:** Gavin Hastings x 2
Simon Scott | Report | **Try:** Steve Munro
E. D. McCorkindale
**Con:** Calum MacGregor
**Pen:** Calum MacGregor x 2 |

**Edinburgh District**: Gavin Hastings (Watsonians), S. W. McAslan (Heriots), Euan Kennedy (Watsonians), S. H. Scott (Stewarts Melville), M. M. Fisken (Boroughmuir), J. F. Paton (Edinburgh Academicals), M. D. Hall (Boroughmuir), Alex Brewster (Stewarts Melville) \[captain\], Kenny Milne (Heriots), Iain Milne (Heriots), J. S. Hamilton (Heriots), Jeremy Richardson (Edinburgh Academicals), Jim Calder (Stewarts Melville), Finlay Calder (Stewarts Melville), K. P. Rafferty (Heriots)
**Glasgow District**: D. H. Drummond (West of Scotland), S. Munro (Ayr), D. R. McKee (Jordanhill), Calum MacGregor (Boroughmuir), P. P. Manning (Ayr), D. R. Barrett (West of Scotland), E. D. McCorkindale (Glasgow High Kelvinside), Gerry McGuinness (West of Scotland), Graham Ellis (Glasgow Academicals), Brian Robertson (Stirling County), H. M. Parker (Kilmarnock), A. F. McDowall (Ayr), W. H. Malcolm (Glasgow Academicals), J. R. Beattie (Glasgow Academicals) \[captain\], J. D. Busby (Hillhead). Replacement: D. R. Livingston (West of Scotland) for Beattie.

### Round 2

| Anglo-Scots | 22  6 | North and Midlands |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Chris Gray
Jones
Gary Irvine
Stuart Irvine
**Pen:** Stuart Irvine
**Drop:** Russell | Report | **Pen:** Graham x 2 |

**Anglo-Scots**: S. R. Irvine (London Scottish), J. C. W. Beazley (Edinburgh Wanderers), R. McLean (Gloucester), D. R. M. Bruce Lockhart (London Scottish), T. Paterson-Brown (London Scottish), C. Russell (Wasps), G. J. M. Irvine (Harrogate), P. Jones (Gloucester), I. Kirk (London Scottish), D. Butcher (Sale), Jeremy Campbell-Lamerton (London Scottish) \[captain\], Chris Gray (Nottingham), S. Smith (Gosforth), A. J. Macklin (London Scottish), Iain Morrison (London Scottish). Replacement: R. Cunningham (Wasps) for Macklin (44 minutes)
**North and Midlands**: C. J. Macartney (Boroughmuir), R. Harris (Howe of Fife), B. Edwards (Boroughmuir), D. K. Graham (Highland), M. Cross (Dunfermline), N. J. Marshall (Heriots), N. Sharp (Dunfermline), P. Flockhart (Highland), D. Wylie (Boroughmuir), J. L. Scobbie (Glasgow Academicals), C. A. Galbraith (Boroughmuir), I. T. Rankin (Howe of Fife), J. G. Bryce (Heriots), D. Leckie (Edinburgh Academicals), H. J. Edwards (Boroughmuir) \[captain\]

| Glasgow District | 15  36 | South |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Steve Munro
**Con:** Calum MacGregor
**Pen:** Calum MacGregor x 3 | Report | **Try:** John Rutherford x 2
Iwan Tukalo x 2
Alan Tait
**Con:** Peter Dods x 2
**Pen:** Peter Dods x 3
**Drop:** John Rutherford |

**Glasgow District**: R. Kemp (Kilmarnock), S. Munro (Ayr), D. R. McKee (Jordanhill), A. G. Ker (Glasgow Academicals), P. P. Manning (Ayr), Calum MacGregor (Boroughmuir), A. G. J. Nicolson (Ayr), G. M. McGuinness (West of Scotland), D. R. Livingston (West of Scotland), Brian Robertson (Stirling County), J. Riozzi (West of Scotland), A. F. McDowall (Ayr), W. H. Malcolm (Glasgow Academicals) \[captain\], J. D. Busby (Hillhead), K. Young (Kilmarnock). Replacement: R. T. S. Bedford (Jordanhill) for Malcolm (74 minutes)
**South**: Peter Dods (Gala), Alan Tait (Kelso), Keith Murray (Hawick), Roger Baird (Kelso), Iwan Tukalo (Selkirk), John Rutherford (Selkirk), Roy Laidlaw (Jedforest), T. G. Waite (Kelso), Colin Deans (Hawick) \[captain\], R. A. Nichol (Hawick), Alister Campbell (Hawick), Iain Paxton (Selkirk), R. E. Paxton (Kelso), John Jeffrey (Kelso), Derek Turnbull (Hawick)

### Round 3

| North and Midlands | 6  39 | South |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Pen:** Macartney
Marshall | Report | **Try:** John Jeffrey x 2
Rutherford
Baird
Tukalo
Campbell
**Con:** Dods x 3
**Pen:** Dods x 3 |

**North and Midlands**: G. Spowart (Dundee HSFP), C. J. Macartney (Boroughmuir), B. Edwards (Boroughmuir), P. F. Rouse (Dundee HSFP), M. Cross (Dunfermline), N. J. Marshall (Heriots), K. Troup (Gordonians), P. Flockhart (Highland), D. Wylie (Boroughmuir), A. Wemyss (Highland), B. H. Bell (Highland) \[captain\], I. T. Rankin (Howe of Fife), H. J. Edwards (Boroughmuir), D. Leckie (Edinburgh Academicals), D. McIvor (Dunfermline)
**South**: Peter Dods (Gala), Roger Baird (Kelso), Keith Murray (Hawick), Keith Robertson (Melrose), Iwan Tukalo (Selkirk), John Rutherford (Selkirk), Roy Laidlaw (Jedforest), K. S. Sudlow (Jedforest), Colin Deans (Hawick) \[captain\], R. A. Nichol (Hawick), Alister Campbell (Hawick), A. J. Tomes (Hawick), R. E. Paxton (Kelso), Iain Paxton (Selkirk), John Jeffrey (Kelso)

### Round 4

| North and Midlands | 7  16 | Edinburgh District |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Cross
**Pen:** Macartney | Report | **Try:** Millar
Finlay Calder
**Con:** Gavin Hastings
**Pen:** Gavin Hastings x 2 |

**North and Midlands**: H. M. Murray (Dunfermline), M. Cross (Dunfermline), R. D. K. Graham (Highland), B. Edwards (Boroughmuir), C. J. Macartney (Boroughmuir), N. J. Marshall (Heriots), K. Troup (Gordonians), P. Flockhart (Highland),
**Edinburgh District**:

| South | 34  3 | Anglo-Scots |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

**South**:
**Anglo-Scots**:

### Round 5

| Edinburgh District | 17  10 | Anglo-Scots |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

**Edinburgh District**:
**Anglo-Scots**:

| Glasgow District | 27  10 | North and Midlands |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

**Glasgow District**:
**North and Midlands**:

### Round 6

| Anglo-Scots | 11  10 | Glasgow District |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**Anglo-Scots**:
**Glasgow District**:

| South | 18  21 | Edinburgh District |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**South**:
**Edinburgh District**:

## Matches outwith the Championship

### Other Scottish matches

| Glasgow trial | - |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

**Glasgow trial**:
**-**:

| Midlands Blues Trial | - | Midlands Whites Trial |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Preview |  |

**Midland Blues Trial**:
**Midland Whites Trial**:

| Midlands District | 18 - 23 | Edinburgh District |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Hiscoke
Manson
**Con:** Frame x 2
**Pen:** Frame x 2 | Report | **Try:** Guild
Blundell
Lorento
Munro
**Con:** Rankine x 2
**Pen:** Rankine |

**Midlands District**:
**Edinburgh District**:

| Midlands District | 6 - 14 | Glasgow District |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**Midlands District**:
**Glasgow District**:

| Ayrshire | 30 - 6 | Dumfries and Galloway |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**Ayrshire**:
**Dumfries and Galloway**:

| Renfrewshire | 16 - 15 | Lanarkshire |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**Renfrewshire**:
**Lanarkshire**:

| Renfrewshire | 0 - 4 | Dunbartonshire |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Preview
Report | **Try:** Chris Reid |

**Renfrewshire**:
**Dunbartonshire**:

| Ayrshire | 40 - 12 | Lanarkshire |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**Ayrshire**:
**Lanarkshire**:

### Junior matches

| Glasgow | 8 - 20 | South |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**Glasgow**:
**South**:

| South of Scotland | 9 - 0 | Midlands District |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**South of Scotland**:
**Midlands District**:

### Trial matches

| Blues Trial | 28 - 9 | Reds Trial |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Try:** Tukalo
Sole
Scott Hastings
M. D. F. Duncan
Paxton
**Con:** Gavin Hastings
**Pen:** Gavin Hastings x 2 | Report
Report | **Try:** Jim Calder
**Con:** Peter Dods
**Pen:** Peter Dods |

**Blues**: A. G. Hastings (Watsonians), M. D. F. Duncan (West of Scotland), D. S. Wylie (Stewart's Melville), S. Hastings (Watsonians), I. Tulako (Selkirk), J. Rutherford (Selkirk), R. J. Laidlaw (Jedforest), D. M. B. Sole (Bath), C. T. Deans (Hawick) \[captain\], I. G. Milne (Heriots), A. J. Campbell (Hawick), I. A. M. Paxton (Selkirk), J. Jeffrey (Kelso), J. R. Beattie (Glasgow Academicals), F. Calder (Stewart's Melville). Replacement: G. M. McGuinness for D. Sole (74 minutes)
**Reds**: P. W. Dods (Gala), S. W. McAslan (Heriots), Euan Kennedy (Watsonians), A. V. Tait (Kelso), T. Patterson-Brown (London Scottish), A. B. M. Ker (Kelso), G. H. Oliver (Hawick), A. K. Brewster (Stewart's Melville), G. J. Callander (Kelso) \[captain\], T. G. Waite (Kelso), H. M. Parker (Kilmarnock), A. J. Tomes (Hawick), Jim Calder (Stewart's Melville), D. B. White (Gala), D. J. Turnbull (Hawick). Replacement: N. A. Rowan (Boroughmujir) for Waite (48 minutes)

### English matches

| Edinburgh District | - | Kent |
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**Edinburgh District**:
**Kent**:

| Glasgow District | - | Kent |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Preview |  |

**Glasgow District**:
**Kent**:

| South of Scotland | 12 - 13 | Durham County |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Preview
Report |  |

**South of Scotland**:
**Durham County**:

### Irish matches

| South of Scotland | 21 - 20 | Ulster |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**South of Scotland**:
**Durham County**:

### American matches

| North and Midlands | 20 - 19 | Eastern Rugby Union USA |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Preview
Report |  |

**North and Midlands**:
**Eastern**:

### International matches

| South of Scotland District | 45 - 12 | Japan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**South of Scotland District**:
**Japan**:

| North and Midlands | 19 - 27 | Japan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

**North and Midlands**:
**Japan**:

| Edinburgh District | 26 - 14 | Japan |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Preview
Report |  |

**Edinburgh District**:
**Japan**:

## InfoBox

| 1986–87 Scottish Inter-District Championship | |
| --- | --- |
| Countries | Scotland |
| Date | 1986–87 |
| Champions | Edinburgh District |
| Runners-up | South |
| Matches played | 10 |
|  | |


title: Mappilaiurani

abstract: Mappilaiurani is a village in Thoothukudi district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

text:
# Mappilaiurani

**Mappilaiurani** is a village in Thoothukudi district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

## Demographics

As of 2001 India census, Mappilaiurani had a population of 26,802. Males constitute 50% of the population and females 50%. Mappilaiurani has an average literacy rate of 93%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 97%, and female literacy is 89%. In Mappilaiurani, 14% of the population is under 6 years of age.

## Demand for merger with Thoothukudi Corporation

This panchayat along with Korampallam was recommended to be included with newly created Thoothukudi Corporation in 2010. But, the proposal was rejected due to the resolution passed by the Thoothukudi City Municipal Council against this. It was later observed that, this decision had disastrous consequences in the development of sub-urban areas of Thoothukudi. Mappillaiyoorani panchayat was the worstly affected area during the **2023 December Floods**.The local civic body of Mappillaiurani panchayat cripples badly continuously without sufficient funds at par with urban areas and tax income from its residents and industries. While the 14 wards under this panchayat has differential needs like proper **Street management** which includes removal of ramps and encroachments, laying of quality roads, parks, **Bus terminus at Thalamuthu Nagar** and bus stops, solid and liquid waste management, **Expansion of Underground Drainage Scheme from Thoothukudi corporation**, regular water supply, many of the demands remain unaddressed. This sets a classic example of how irresponsible decision of persons in power can bring catastrophic consequences in urban spatial planning and haphazard agglomeration without sustainable management. This area lacks basic infrastructure, proper planning and storm water drainage network.

People of this panchayat have been continuously demanding to merge this area with Thoothukudi Corporation. Yet, the government is silent.

## InfoBox

| Mappilaiurani | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| MappilaiuraniLocation in Tamil Nadu, IndiaMappilaiuraniMappilaiurani (India) | |
| Coordinates: 8°50′27″N 78°08′59″E / 8.84083°N 78.14972°E / 8.84083; 78.14972 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| District | Thoothukudi |
| Population (2001) | |
| Total | 26,802 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Tamil |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |