title: Shadow trevally

abstract: The shadow trevally, also known as the shadow kingfish, twothread trevally or Aldabra trevally, is a species of inshore marine fish in the jack family Carangidae. The species is patchily distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian and west Pacific Oceans, from South Africa in the west to Japan and Samoa in the east, reaching as far south as Indonesia and New Caledonia. It is most easily distinguished from similar species by as series of dark rectangular blotches under the second dorsal fin, giving a 'shadowed' appearance, from which its common name is derived. The shadow trevally is a reasonably large fish, growing to 85 cm in length and at least 2.6 kg in weight. It inhabits shallow coastal waters, including reefs, bays, and estuaries, where it takes small fish and benthic crustaceans as prey. Nothing is known of the species' ecology and reproductive biology. It is of little importance to fisheries, and is occasionally taken by bottom trawls and other artisanal fishing gear.

text:
# Shadow trevally

The **shadow trevally** (***Carangoides dinema***), also known as the **shadow kingfish**, **twothread trevally** or **Aldabra trevally**, is a species of inshore marine fish in the jack family Carangidae. The species is patchily distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian and west Pacific Oceans, from South Africa in the west to Japan and Samoa in the east, reaching as far south as Indonesia and New Caledonia. It is most easily distinguished from similar species by as series of dark rectangular blotches under the second dorsal fin, giving a 'shadowed' appearance, from which its common name is derived. The shadow trevally is a reasonably large fish, growing to 85 cm in length and at least 2.6 kg in weight. It inhabits shallow coastal waters, including reefs, bays, and estuaries, where it takes small fish and benthic crustaceans as prey. Nothing is known of the species' ecology and reproductive biology. It is of little importance to fisheries, and is occasionally taken by bottom trawls and other artisanal fishing gear.

## Taxonomy and naming

The shadow trevally is classified within the genus *Carangoides*, one of a number of groups of fish referred to as jacks and trevallies. *Carangoides* is further classified in the family Carangidae, the Carangidae are part of the order Carangiformes.

The species was first scientifically described and named by the Dutch ichthyologist Pieter Bleeker in 1851 based on a specimen collected from the waters off Jakarta, located on Java in Indonesia, which was designated to be the holotype. He named this new species *Carangoides dinema*, with the specific name derived from the Latin *dis*, meaning two and the Greek *nema*, meaning thread, referring to the fin anatomy of the species. This classification in *Carangoides* is still currently considered to be correct, although other authors have at times transferred the species to *Caranx* and *Carangichthys*. The species was independently renamed once by David Starr Jordan and Alvin Seale in 1908, who applied the name *Caranx deani* to the species. This later naming is considered invalid under the ICZN nomenclature rules and is rendered a junior synonym. The species is quite unique in the comparatively simple taxonomic history it has, with other related species often renamed and transferred between genera many times. The species is most commonly termed the 'shadow trevally' or 'shadow kingfish' in reference to a series of small dark blotches positioned on the upper side, underneath the second dorsal fin, giving the appearance of shadow from the fin itself. Other names used for the species include 'two-thread trevally' and 'Aldabra trevally'.

## Description

The shadow trevally is similar in form to a number of other jacks in the family Carangidae, having an almost ovate, strongly compressed body. It is fairly large fish, growing to a maximum known length of 85 cm and a recorded weight of 2.6 kg. The dorsal profile is strongly convex, while the ventral profile is less so, even tending to be concave between the snout and the anal fin, while the nape is elevated and almost straight in profile. There are two separate dorsal fins, the first consisting of 8 spines and second of a single spine and 17 to 19 soft rays. The lobe of the second dorsal fin is elongated, being greater than the head length. The anal fin is composed of two anteriorly detached spines followed by a single spine and 15 to 17 soft rays. The lateral line has a moderate arch anteriorly, with the junction of the curved and straight sections below the tenth or twelfth soft rays of the second dorsal fin. The curved section of the lateral line is slightly longer than the straight section, and contains 60 to 63 scales, while the straight part contains no to six scales followed by 23 to 30 scutes. The breast is devoid of scales ventrally to behind the pelvic fin origin and up to the pectoral fin base, although in rare cases this is interrupted by a lateral band of scales. Both jaws contain bands of small teeth, with the bands becoming wider anteriorly, and the upper jaw also has an irregular outer series of moderately large teeth, with large specimens also showing this in the lower jaw. It has a total of 24 to 28 gill rakers and 24 vertebrae.

In life, the shadow trevally is a bluish-green colour above, fading to a silvery white on the underside. It takes its common name from a series of small black-brown rectangular blotches which become larger posteriorly on its back between the bases of the second dorsal fin rays. Also, a dark-brown, diffuse blotch is present on the operculum. The spinous dorsal fin is pale to dusky, while the second dorsal fin lobe is dusky with the ray tips yellowish. The anal fin distal margin is whitish-blue, and the caudal fin has a yellowish upper lobe and pale trailing edges and lower lobe tip. The pectoral fins are hyaline and the pelvic fins are whitish to dusky.

## Distribution and habitat

The shadow trevally is distributed patchily throughout the tropical to subtropical waters of the Indian and west Pacific Oceans. The species' westernmost limit is a section of the east African coast from South Africa to Tanzania. No records exist for the species further north until India and Sri Lanka. In the Pacific, the species is known from China, Korea, Southeast Asia, and the Indonesian and Philippines island chains. Its easternmost limit extends to Taiwan and Japan in the north and a number of small island groups including Tonga and Samoa in the south.

The shadow trevally inhabits coastal waters at depths generally less than 15 m. It is known to Kruise in small schools along the shallow edge of steep reef drop-offs, and has also been recorded from bays and estuaries. The species has been recorded around shipwrecks, and one study showed it was one of the first fish to move in after a ship was scuttled.

## Biology and fishery

The biology and ecology of the shadow trevally is poorly known. It is known to live either in small schools or individually, and is a predatory fish, taking small fish and benthic crustaceans. Nothing is known of its movements or reproduction.

The shadow trevally is of little importance to fisheries throughout its range, taken as bycatch and generally not distinguished from other carangid species. It is often taken by bottom trawls and various kinds of artisanal fishing gear.

## InfoBox

| Shadow trevally | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Carangiformes |
| Family: | Carangidae |
| Genus: | *Carangoides* |
| Species: | ***C. dinema*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Carangoides dinema***
Bleeker, 1851 | |
|
|  | |
| Approximate range of the shadow trevally | |
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: Miguel de Santa Maria Mochon

abstract: Miguel Santa Maria Mochon, better known as Padre Miguel, was a Spanish Catholic priest, whose name was given to the Rio de Janeiro neighborhood of Padre Miguel. Born in the village of Granada came to Brazil in 1888. Four years later, fatherless, was under the care of Vincentian priests. He studied at the Salesian College in Niteroi by 1898, when he began his training in seminar of Long River. Later, he was sent by Cardinal Arcoverde to France. Back to Rio de Janeiro, completed the renovation of the church of Nossa Senhora da Conceição, which was named vicar in 1910. Created the first regular school in the region of Realengo. He also worked at the mills catechizing of N. Sra. Da Conceição da Pavuna and Botafogo Farm, treading the path that became known as Way of the Father. He was also a pioneer of film exhibition in Rio de Janeiro, converting your home into a small cinema. He died in 1947 and was buried in the church of Nossa Senhora da Conceição. His name was given to the train station formerly known as Moça Bonita.

text:
# Miguel de Santa Maria Mochon

**Miguel Santa Maria Mochon**, better known as **Padre Miguel**, (Dílar, September 8, 1879 – Rio de Janeiro, March 19, 1947) was a Spanish Catholic priest, whose name was given to the Rio de Janeiro neighborhood of Padre Miguel.

Born in the village of Granada came to Brazil in 1888. Four years later, fatherless, was under the care of Vincentian priests. He studied at the Salesian College in Niteroi by 1898, when he began his training in seminar of Long River. Later, he was sent by Cardinal Arcoverde to France.

Back to Rio de Janeiro, completed the renovation of the church of Nossa Senhora da Conceição, which was named vicar in 1910. Created the first regular school in the region of Realengo. He also worked at the mills catechizing of N. Sra. Da Conceição da Pavuna and Botafogo Farm, treading the path that became known as *Way of the Father*.

He was also a pioneer of film exhibition in Rio de Janeiro, converting your home into a small cinema.

He died in 1947 and was buried in the church of Nossa Senhora da Conceição. His name was given to the train station formerly known as *Moça Bonita*.

* Photo the mausoleum of Monsignor Miguel Monchon in the church of Nossa Senhora da Conceição


title: Psammaechidius

abstract: Psammaechidius is a genus of silvanid flat bark beetles in the family Silvanidae. There is one described species in Psammaechidius, P. spinicollis.

text:
# Psammaechidius

***Psammaechidius*** is a genus of silvanid flat bark beetles in the family Silvanidae. There is one described species in *Psammaechidius*, *P. spinicollis*.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Psammaechidius* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Silvanidae |
| Subfamily: | Brontinae |
| Tribe: | Telephanini |
| Genus: | *Psammaechidius*
Fairmaire, 1882 |
| Species: | ***P. spinicollis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Psammaechidius spinicollis***
(Fairmaire, 1862) | |
|


title: Prestin

abstract: Prestin is a protein that is critical to sensitive hearing in mammals. It is encoded by the SLC26A5 gene. Prestin is the motor protein of the outer hair cells of the inner ear of the mammalian cochlea. It is highly expressed in the outer hair cells, and is not expressed in the nonmotile inner hair cells. Immunolocalization shows prestin is expressed in the lateral plasma membrane of the outer hair cells, the region where electromotility occurs. The expression pattern correlates with the appearance of outer hair cell electromotility.

text:
# Prestin

**Prestin** is a protein that is critical to sensitive hearing in mammals. It is encoded by the *SLC26A5* (solute carrier anion transporter family 26, member 5) gene.

Prestin is the motor protein of the outer hair cells of the inner ear of the mammalian cochlea. It is highly expressed in the outer hair cells, and is not expressed in the nonmotile inner hair cells. Immunolocalization shows prestin is expressed in the lateral plasma membrane of the outer hair cells, the region where electromotility occurs. The expression pattern correlates with the appearance of outer hair cell electromotility.

## Function

Prestin is essential in auditory processing. It is specifically expressed in the lateral membrane of outer hair cells (OHCs) of the cochlea. There is no significant difference between prestin density in high-frequency and low-frequency regions of the cochlea in fully developed mammals. There is good evidence that prestin has undergone adaptive evolution in mammals associated with acquisition of high frequency hearing in mammals. The prestin protein shows several parallel amino acid replacements in bats, whales, and dolphins that have independently evolved ultrasonic hearing and echolocation, and these represent rare cases of convergent evolution at the sequence level.

Prestin (mol. wt. 80 kDa) is a member of a distinct family of anion transporters, SLC26. Members of this family are structurally well conserved and can mediate the electroneutral exchange of chloride and carbonate across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells, two anions found to be essential for outer hair cell motility. Unlike the classical, enzymatically driven motors, this new type of motor is based on direct voltage-to-displacement conversion and acts several orders of magnitude faster than other cellular motor proteins. A targeted gene disruption strategy of prestin showed a \>100-fold (or 40 dB) loss of auditory sensitivity.

Prestin is a transmembrane protein that mechanically contracts and elongates leading to electromotility of outer hair cells (OHC). Electromotility is the driving force behind the somatic motor of the cochlear amplifier, which is a mammalian evolution that increases sensitivity to incoming sound wave frequencies and, thus, amplifies the signal. Previous research has suggested that this modulation takes place via an extrinsic voltage-sensor (partial anion transporter model), whereby chloride binds to the intracellular side of prestin and enters a defunct transporter, causing prestin elongation. However, there is new evidence that prestin acts through an intrinsic voltage-sensor (IVS) in which intracellular chloride binds allosterically to prestin to modify shape.

### Intrinsic voltage sensing

In this model of intrinsic voltage-sensing, the movement of ions generates a nonlinear capacitance (NLC). Based upon the generated voltage and the depolarized or hyperpolarized state of the cell, prestin will transition through two distinct steps, representing the three-state model of prestin modulation. Experiments show that with increasing depolarizing stimuli, prestin transitions from an elongated state to an intermediate state to a contracted state, increasing its NLC. Under hyperpolarizing conditions, NLC decreases and prestin transitions back to its elongated state. Of significance, increased membrane tension as characterized by prestin elongation decreases the chloride allosteric binding site affinity for chloride, perhaps playing a role in regulation of prestin modulation. The total estimated displacement of prestin upon modulation from elongated to contracted state is 3–4 nm2. A recent study supports the IVS model showing that mutations of 12 residues that span the intracellular side of prestin's core membrane resulted in significant decrease in NLC. Eight of the 12 residues were positively charged and are hypothesized to make up the allosteric chloride binding site of prestin.

### Anion transport

Although previously thought to be absent, anion transport has also been shown to be an important aspect of prestin's ability to drive electromotility of hair cells. This mechanism is independent of prestin's voltage-sensing capabilities based upon mutagenesis experiments showing that different mutations lead to effects in either anion-uptake or NLC, but not both. It is suggested that prestin contains an intrinsic anion-uptake mechanism based upon research showing concentration dependent \[14C\]formate uptake in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. These results could not be reproduced in oocytes. Therefore, prestin may require an associated cofactor for anion uptake in oocytes; however, this hypothesis is still under question. Experiments have shown that various anions can compete for prestin uptake including malate, chloride, and alkylsulfonic anions.

## Discovery

Prestin was discovered by Peter Dallos's group in 2000 and named from the musical notation presto because of the speed of the protein.

The prestin molecule was patented by its discoverers in 2003.

## Clinical significance

Mutations in the SLC26A5 gene have been associated with non-syndromic hearing loss.

## Blockers

Electromotile function of mammalian prestin is blocked by the amphiphilic anion salicylate at millimolar concentrations. Application of salicylate blocks prestin function in a dose-dependent and readily reversible manner.

## Further reading

*This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.*

## InfoBox

| SLC26A5 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | SLC26A5, DFNB61, PRES, solute carrier family 26 member 5 | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 604943; MGI: 1933154; HomoloGene: 69472; GeneCards: SLC26A5; OMA:SLC26A5 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)      NM\_030727
NM\_001289787
NM\_001289788   RefSeq (protein)      NP\_001276716
NP\_001276717
NP\_109652   Location (UCSC) Chr 7: 103.35 – 103.45 Mb Chr 5: 22.02 – 22.07 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Zimnochy-Świechy

abstract: Zimnochy-Świechy is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Suraż, within Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Suraż and 21 km (13 mi) south of the regional capital Białystok. According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 107 people, among whom 102 were Roman Catholic and 5 Mosaic. At the same time, 129 inhabitants declared Polish nationality, 5 Jewish. There were 17 residential buildings in the village.

text:
# Zimnochy-Świechy

**Zimnochy-Świechy** (Polish pronunciation: \[ʑimˈnɔxɨ ˈɕfjɛxɨ\]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Suraż, within Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Suraż and 21 km (13 mi) south of the regional capital Białystok.

According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 107 people, among whom 102 were Roman Catholic and 5 Mosaic. At the same time, 129 inhabitants declared Polish nationality, 5 Jewish. There were 17 residential buildings in the village.

## InfoBox

| Zimnochy-Świechy | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Zimnochy-Świechy | |
| Coordinates: 52°56′41″N 23°4′31″E / 52.94472°N 23.07528°E / 52.94472; 23.07528 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Podlaskie |
| County | Białystok |
| Gmina | Suraż |


title: Matt Donovan (Russian rugby league)

abstract: Matt Donovan is a Russian international rugby league footballer who represented Russia at the 2000 Rugby League World Cup. He is noted for scoring Russia's only try in their 110–4 loss to Australia.

text:
# Matt Donovan (Russian rugby league)

**Matt Donovan** is a Russian international rugby league footballer who represented Russia at the 2000 Rugby League World Cup. He is noted for scoring Russia's only try in their 110–4 loss to Australia.

## Career

Donovan, of Russian descent, represented Russia at the 2000 Rugby League World Cup.

## InfoBox

Matt Donovan
| Playing information | |
| --- | --- |
| Position | Wing, Centre |
| Representative  Years Team Pld T G FG P  2000 Russia 2 1 0 0 4 | |
| Source: | |


title: Prassi

abstract: Prassi is a village in Hiiumaa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.

text:
# Prassi

**Prassi** is a village in Hiiumaa Parish, Hiiu County in northwestern Estonia.

## InfoBox

| Prassi | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Prassi | |
| Coordinates: 58°43′N 22°38′E / 58.717°N 22.633°E / 58.717; 22.633 | |
| Country | Estonia |
| County | Hiiu County |
| Parish | Hiiumaa Parish |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: Niigata Racecourse

abstract: Niigata Racecourse is located in Kita-ku Niigata, Niigata. It is used for horse racing. It was built in 1965. The capacity of the grandstand is 75,000.

text:
# Niigata Racecourse

**Niigata Racecourse** (新潟競馬場, *Niigata keibajō*) is located in Kita-ku Niigata, Niigata. It is used for horse racing. It was built in 1965. The capacity of the grandstand is 75,000.

## Physical attributes

Niigata Race Course has a turf course with two distinct ovals, and a dirt course. Jump races are conducted using fences on the turf course.

The turf's outer oval (外回り, *sotomawari*) measures 2248m (1+14 miles + 144 feet), the inner oval (内回り, *uchimawari*) measures 1648m (1 + 42 feet) and the straight (直線, *chokusen*) measures 1000m (1/2 miles + 639 feet).

The dirt course measures 1,472 meters (7/8 miles + 207 feet).

## Notable races

| **Month** | **Race** | **Distance** | **Age/Sex** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Grade III | | | |
| May | Niigata Daishoten (Handicap) | Turf 2000m | 4yo+ |
| Jul. | Ibis Summer Dash | Turf 1000m | 3yo+ |
| Aug. | Sekiya Kinen | Turf 1600m | 3yo+ |
| Aug. | Leopard Stakes | Dirt 1800m | 3yo |
| Aug. | Niigata Kinen (Handicap) | Turf 2000m | 3yo+ |
| Sep. | Niigata Nisai Stakes | Turf 1600m | 2yo |
| J-Grade III (Steeplechase) | | | |
| Aug. | Niigata Jump Stakes | Turf 3250m | 3yo+ |

## Track records

Source：レコードタイム表 (Record time table) -\> 新潟競馬場 (Niigata Racecourse)

* † Reference Time.
* Last updated on August 6, 2023.

### Turf course (2yo)

| Distance | Time | Racehorse | Sex | Weight | Jockey | Date Recorded |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1000m | 55.0 | Regina Forte | Filly | 54 kg | Takuya Ono | August 28, 2016 |
| 1200m | 1:08.7 | Tagano Rafflesia | Filly | 54 kg | Ryuji Wada | July 20, 2002 |
| 1400m | 1:20.8 | Jazz Blues | Colt | 54 kg | Yuichi Fukunaga | July 24, 2021 |
| 1600m | 1:33.3 | Purpur Ray | Colt | 54 kg | Mirco Demuro | July 25, 2021 |
| 1800m | 1:46.4 | Cantiamo | Filly | 55 kg | Yuga Kawada | July 30, 2023 |
| 2000m | 2:01.3 | Danon Dreamer | Colt | 54 kg | Mirai Iwata | October 10, 2020 |

### Turf course (3yo+)

| Distance | Time | Racehorse | Sex | Weight | Jockey | Date Recorded |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1000m | 53.7 | Calstone Light O | Horse 4 | 56 kg | Naohiro Onishi | August 18, 2002 |
| 1200m | 1:07.5 | Gun and Rose | Mare 4 | 54 kg | Katsuharu Tanaka | August 3, 2002 |
| 1400m | 1:19.0 | Magnaten | Gelding 6 | 57 kg | Yukio Okabe | July 14, 2002 |
| 1600m | 1:31.5 | Donau Blue | Mare 4 | 54 kg | Hiroyuki Uchida | August 12, 2012 |
| 1800m | 1:44.1 | Jun Blossom | Colt 3 | 54 kg | Yuga Kawada | July 31, 2022 |
| 2000m | 1:58.9 | Deadly | Filly 3 | 54 kg | Yuga Kawada | August 6, 2023 |
| Outer 2000m | 1:56.4† | Tsujino Wonder | Horse 5 | 57 kg | Yoshitomi Shibata | July 14, 2001 |
| 2200m | 2:10.8 | Double Flat | Colt 3 | 54 kg | Hironobu Tanabe | August 5, 2018 |
| 2400m | 2:24.4 | Ray of Water | Colt 3 | 54 kg | Yuichi Fukunaga | July 24, 2021 |

### Dirt course (2yo)

| Distance | Time | Racehorse | Sex | Weight | Jockey | Date Recorded |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1200m | 1:11.0 | Scuba | Colt | 54 kg | Mirai Iwata | July 31, 2022 |
| 1800m | 1:53.0 | Shonan Mario | Colt | 52 kg | Akira Sugawara | October 5, 2019 |

### Dirt course (3yo+)

| Distance | Time | Racehorse | Sex | Weight | Jockey | Date Recorded |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1200m | 1:09.1 | Mallard the Record | Gelding 5 | 57 kg | Hayato Yoshida | October 19, 2019 |
| 1700m | 1:46.6 | Makarios | Horse 4 | 57 kg | Daisaku Matsuda | June 11, 2011 |
| 1800m | 1:49.2 | Kenshinko | Colt 3 | 56 kg | Genki Maruyama | August 9, 2020 |
| 2500m | 2:38.8 | Meme Lantern | Colt 3 | 54 kg | Tsubasa Wada | October 6, 2019 |

37°56′51″N 139°11′11″E / 37.947638°N 139.186452°E / 37.947638; 139.186452

## InfoBox

Niigata Racecourse
新潟競馬場
| Niigata Racecourse | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Kita-ku Niigata, Japan |
| Owned by | Japan Racing Association |
| Date opened | 1965 |
| Course type | Flat, Steeplechase |
| Notable races | Ibis Summer Dash<br>Niigata Daishoten |
| Official website | |


title: Palette (EP)

abstract: Eien Tokei Palette is the debut mini-album of Japanese voice actor and J-Pop singer, Nobuhiko Okamoto. It was released in Japan on 23 May 2012 on Kiramune.

text:
# Palette (EP)

***Palette*** is the debut mini-album of Japanese voice actor and J-Pop singer, Nobuhiko Okamoto. It was released in Japan on 23 May 2012 on Kiramune.

## Summary

Two types of release Edition luxury and board, DVD was recorded making and PV of future sketch is included in the former. In addition, message card is enclosed as Limited benefits of various.

According to Okamoto, the title "Palette" refers to the intention of wanting to enjoy the different shades of all six songs.

The album was charted 9th on the Oricon and was sold over 0.6 million copies.

## Song information

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Mirai Sketch (未来スケッチ)" | Ryuji Matsumura | Takeshi Masuda | 4:25 |
| 2. | "Sniper" | Hiroshi Sasaki |  | 4:09 |
| 3. | "Asphalt no Hana (アスファルトの花)" | Yūsuke Toriumi | Yūsuke Yamamoto | 4:21 |
| 4. | "Positive Fighter" | Yūgo Sasakura |  | 4:28 |
| 5. | "Eien Dokei (永遠時計)" | Takeshi Masuda |  | 4:59 |
| 6. | "nonstop" | Kensuke Okamoto | Takahiro Yamada | 4:07 |
| Total length: | | | | 26:21 |

DVD (only First Press Limited Edition) 1. 未来スケッチ -Music Video-
2. making of 未来スケッチ
3. TRAILER

## Charts

| Chart | Peak
position | Sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Oricon Weekly Albums | 6 (Daily Albums)
9 (Weekly Albums) | 6 million |
| Billboard JAPAN Top Albums | 8 | |
| Nielsen SoundScan | 13 | |

## InfoBox

| Palette | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Nobuhiko Okamoto | |
| Released | 23 May 2012 |
| Recorded | 2011–2012 |
| Genre | J-Pop |
| Length | 26:21 |
| Label | Kiramune |
| Nobuhiko Okamoto chronology | |
| ***Palette***
(2012) *Enjoy☆Full*
(2013) | |


title: Shadow theatre Fireflies

abstract: Fireflies is an amateur collective which was created in November, 2010 in the city Chernihiv (Ukraine) and works in the genre of shadow theatre. A team Fireflies became the semifinalist of the talent show in television format of Got talent "Ukraine's Got Talent" in Ukraine, "Minuta slavy" in Russia, and also became the finalist and took the fourth place in the show "Mam Talent!" in Poland, first presented the genre of shadow theatre there.

text:
# Shadow theatre Fireflies

**Fireflies** (shadow theatre) is an amateur collective which was created in November, 2010 in the city Chernihiv (Ukraine) and works in the genre of shadow theatre. A team Fireflies became the semifinalist of the talent show in television format of Got talent "Ukraine's Got Talent" in Ukraine, "Minuta slavy" in Russia, and also became the finalist and took the fourth place in the show "Mam Talent!" in Poland, first presented the genre of shadow theatre there.

## About the team

For the first time the participants of the shadow theatre Fireflies appeared on the professional stage in November, 2010 within the framework of the International festival of students work "We are together", Bryansk. The members of the team are the students of different specialities of the Chernihiv National Technological university, who are in spare from studies time engaged in a choreography, vocal and other creative directions. A festival experiment in the genre of shadow theatre brought the collective Grand Prix of the competition. Active creative life of the theatre began after that. The team Fireflies performs on the numerous municipal, regional and international stages, takes part in various festivals, competitions, solemn ceremonies, bonuses and other events. The theatre was the participant of the III Closing Ceremony of the Odesa International Film Festival, the Rewarding Ceremony of the International festival-competition "Choice of the year 2012", Multidisciplinary international festival of modern art "Gogolfest 2012", Festival "Qatar Spring Festival 2013", the Opening Ceremony of the IV Odesa International Film Festival. The shadow theatre Fireflies is also involved in social projects. The first solo concert of the collective took place within the framework of eleemosynary action on collecting money on medications for oncology sick children of the National children's specialized hospital of "OXMADET" in Kyiv. All the income from the sale of the tickets for the concert was sent to the purchase of the necessary medications. The distinctive feature of Fireflies works is the creation of maximally realistic characters in shade by means of the plastic arts of human body. Raising of the theatre reflects the most various themes and plots. The emotional filling and actors acting allow to show in shade histories of fairy-tale personages, adventure, love, human experiencing, global problems etc.

## Talent shows

"Ukraine's Got Talent", Ukraine (3 season, 2011)
In 2011 the shadow theatre Fireflies accepted the invitation to participate in the talent show on the TV channel STB "Ukraine's got talent". In spite of the fact that at that moment the collective was only three months old, it was able to become the semifinalist of the project and entered the number of the 15 best talents of country. For the first time in three seasons the audience of the show and the jury saw the performance of the representatives in this genre. In the jury there was a dancer and choreographer Vlad Iama, TV-anchorwoman, journalist and stage-director Slava Frolova and TV-anchorman, producer, showman Igor Kondratiuk. The team of the theatre had the opportunity to show two performances : "Plasticine" and "Fairy-tale about Aladdin".

"Minuta slavy", Russia (6 season, 2011)
After the successful performance in the project "Ukraine's got talent", the shadow theatre Fireflies took part in another similar talent-show "Minute of glory", Russia in 2011. The project was transferred on the "First channel". In this project the theatre repeated the achievement and got the rank of the semifinalist. A TV-anchorman Aleksandr Masliakov, an actress Larisa Guzeeva, an actor Aleksandr Mykhailov, a statesman, a layer Pavel Astakhov and a boxer Vitali Klitschko were in the jury. With the last one the theatre has an interesting story. When a boxer made positive comments concerning his compatriots, the collective Fireflies decided to thank Vitalii for this and presented him with the particle of their performance - an essential element in the form of a flower.

"Mam talent!", Poland (6 season, 2013)
The team Fireflies took part in the Polish version of the talent-show format Got talent - "Mam talent"! on the TV channel TVN in autumn 2013. The jury consisting of a singer Agneshki Chilinskoi, an actress Mavgozhaty Foremniak and a choreographer Agustina Egurolly highly estimated the performances of the theatre on every round of the competition and marked the permanent technical and emotional height of the performances of the team. Participating in this show, Fireflies created two new works - the first one was dedicated to the problems of ecology on the planet and was carried out under the hit of Michael Jackson "The Earth Song", and the second one touched the history of Poland, its participation in the Second World War and the post-war revival.

«Das Supertalent» Germany (Season 8, 2014)
On November 15, the German television station RTL broadcast was shown an episode of the German talent show Das Supertalent, which was attended by a team of shadow theater Fireflies. Project participants were evaluated Dieter Bohlen, lead singer of Modern Talking, model and TV presenter Lena Gercke, designer Guido Maria Kretschmer and American choreographer and model Bruce Darnell. Shadow Theatre represented Ukraine at the European show and showed the audience and judges their work "Save the Earth!", Which won the accolades of the jury and the audience's applause.

## Achievements

* November 2010 - the VII International festival of students work "We are together", Bryansk, the laureates of the I degree in the nomination of original genre, Grand Prix of the festival;
* May 2011 - Talent show "Ukraine's got talent" (Ukraine) the 3-d season, semifinalists (the best 15);
* December 2011 - Talent show "Minute of glory" (Russia) the 6 season, semifinalists;
* May 2012 - the International festival-competition of children's and youth work "Snova tsvetut kashtany" Kyiv, laureates of the I degree in the nomination of original genre, Grand Prix of the festival;
* June 2012 - Project "Idea X", finalists;
* September 2013 - Prizewinners of the International festival of street theaters "My FOOT in Koktebel";
* December 2013 - Talent show "Mam Talent"! (Poland) the 6 season, finalists;
* September 2014 - Competition of social advertising in the International Festival of actual animation and media arts LINOLEUM 2014, winners;
* November 2014 - talent show «Das Supertalent» (Germany) 8 season, semifinalists;
* August 2015 - talent show "France Digital Talent" (France), winners;
* September 2015 - "Save the Earth" won Excellent Short award at 2015 Handle Climate Change Film Festival (HCCFF) in China.


title: George Slagle

abstract: George B. "Dutch" Slagle, also called Geoffrey Slagle, was an American football guard and coach. He played one game in the National Football League (NFL) for the Louisville Colonels, and later coached the Wilmington Clippers and Scranton Miners, as well as several high school teams. A native of Beckley, West Virginia, Slagle attended the University of Pennsylvania, where he earned a bachelor's degree and a master's degree. After graduating, Slagle spent time professionally with "Atlantic City, Canton [Bulldogs], New York [Giants], Chicago [Bears], Louisville [Colonels], Cincinnati, and Wilmington," according to The Tribune, though his only known game in the National Football League (NFL) came in 1926 with Louisville. The Colonels, after suffering a defeat in the first game of the season, "re-arranged" their lineup for their matchup with the Detroit Panthers, and signed several players including Slagle. In the game, a 0–47 loss, he appeared as a substitute for Pete Vainowski. He was released after the game. Slagle also played for the Boston Shamrocks and a team in Scranton, Pennsylvania, according to The Bridgeport Post. In 1936, Slagle started a coaching career, becoming the head coach of the newly formed Wilmington Clippers. They played their first season in 1937, compiling a 7–4 record under Coach Slagle. He resigned from his coaching position in 1938, citing salary differences and other coaching offers. In 1939, Slagle was hired as the head coach of the Scranton Miners, a team in the Eastern Pennsylvania Football League (EPFL). He accepted a position at Pottstown High School in 1940 to be head football coach and English teacher, but resigned in December that year. When asked if he was going to coach a team in 1941, he replied, "I'm not denying and I'm not confirming." He later served as an advisor to Johns Hopkins football coaches as well as several other stints with schools in Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., and Alexandria, Virginia, before becoming Bullard-Havens Technical High School coach in 1960.

text:
# George Slagle

**George B. "Dutch" Slagle**, also called **Geoffrey Slagle**, was an American football guard and coach. He played one game in the National Football League (NFL) for the Louisville Colonels, and later coached the Wilmington Clippers and Scranton Miners, as well as several high school teams.

A native of Beckley, West Virginia, Slagle attended the University of Pennsylvania, where he earned a bachelor's degree and a master's degree. After graduating, Slagle spent time professionally with "Atlantic City, Canton \[Bulldogs\], New York \[Giants\], Chicago \[Bears\], Louisville \[Colonels\], Cincinnati, and Wilmington," according to *The Tribune*, though his only known game in the National Football League (NFL) came in 1926 with Louisville. The Colonels, after suffering a defeat in the first game of the season, "re-arranged" their lineup for their matchup with the Detroit Panthers, and signed several players including Slagle. In the game, a 0–47 loss, he appeared as a substitute for Pete Vainowski. He was released after the game. Slagle also played for the Boston Shamrocks and a team in Scranton, Pennsylvania, according to *The Bridgeport Post*.

In 1936, Slagle started a coaching career, becoming the head coach of the newly formed Wilmington Clippers. They played their first season in 1937, compiling a 7–4 record under Coach Slagle. He resigned from his coaching position in 1938, citing salary differences and other coaching offers.

In 1939, Slagle was hired as the head coach of the Scranton Miners, a team in the Eastern Pennsylvania Football League (EPFL). He accepted a position at Pottstown High School in 1940 to be head football coach and English teacher, but resigned in December that year. When asked if he was going to coach a team in 1941, he replied, "I'm not denying and I'm not confirming." He later served as an advisor to Johns Hopkins football coaches as well as several other stints with schools in Philadelphia, Washington, D.C., and Alexandria, Virginia, before becoming Bullard-Havens Technical High School coach in 1960.

## InfoBox

George Slagle
| c. 1940 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | between 1899 and 1904<br>Beckley, West Virginia, U.S. |
| Died: | Unknown |
| Career information | |
| College: | University of Pennsylvania |
| Position: | Guard |
| Career history | |
| As a player: | |
|  | |
| As a coach: | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Games played: 1 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: Miguel Arroyave

abstract: José Miguel Arroyave Ruiz aka "Arcángel" or also "the Chemist" was one of the top paramilitary leaders and commander of the Centaurs bloc of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), a 5,000-strong private militia active in the sparsely populated grasslands of eastern Colombia. He was also a powerful figure within the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), an umbrella organization bringing together right-wing paramilitary groups from all over the country. He was well known for being a ruthless fighter against guerrilla groups, and for being able to evict these rebel groups and take control of their territories. The Centaurs bloc was one of the largest and most powerful groups within the AUC, and was very well organized, to the point that they even had a running web page that is no longer in service (www.bloquecentauros.org). Arroyave was a member of the AUC's team of negotiators when talks began with the government on demobilizing the paramilitary organizations which had proliferated over the previous decades. These paramilitary organizations were created first to fight against the left-wing guerrilla armies which controlled large parts of rural Colombia since the 1960s. Arroyave was very close to the Castaño family, founders of different paramilitary organizations, and he also had control over the Capital bloc which controlled the paramilitary militia in Bogotá.

text:
# Miguel Arroyave

**José Miguel Arroyave Ruiz** aka "**Arcángel**" or also "**the Chemist**" (August 10, 1954 in Amalfi, Antioquia – September 19, 2004 near Puerto Lleras) was one of the top paramilitary leaders and commander of the Centaurs bloc ("Bloque Centauros") of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), a 5,000-strong private militia active in the sparsely populated grasslands of eastern Colombia. He was also a powerful figure within the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC), an umbrella organization bringing together right-wing paramilitary groups from all over the country. He was well known for being a ruthless fighter against guerrilla groups, and for being able to evict these rebel groups and take control of their territories. The Centaurs bloc was one of the largest and most powerful groups within the AUC, and was very well organized, to the point that they even had a running web page that is no longer in service (www.bloquecentauros.org).

Arroyave was a member of the AUC's team of negotiators when talks began with the government on demobilizing the paramilitary organizations which had proliferated over the previous decades. These paramilitary organizations were created first to fight against the left-wing guerrilla armies which controlled large parts of rural Colombia since the 1960s. Arroyave was very close to the Castaño family, founders of different paramilitary organizations, and he also had control over the Capital bloc ("Bloque Capital") which controlled the paramilitary militia in Bogotá.

## Early years

José Miguel Arroyave was born in Amalfi, Antioquia. He was very close to the Castaño family, small landowners from northern Colombia who founded the first paramilitary group in the early 1980s. Miguel Arroyave was from a humble rural background, and claims to have been a childhood friend of Carlos Castaño's older brother, Vicente Castaño, with whom he went to school in a small village near Amalfi, in the 1960s. He said that he completed his education at one of Bogotá's leading schools, and later became involved in a gold-mining venture, from which he made some money.

## Paramilitary leader

While he was from the Antioquia department, it was in the Eastern Plains regions where he made a name as a criminal. Apparently, he moved to the department of Meta around 1990 where he became a trafficker of chemical products necessary for the processing of cocaine. Arroyave was arrested in 1999, and spent two years in detention, while he tried to convince the authorities that his wealth had not come from illegal activities. He appears to have been involved in the processing and shipping of cocaine to the United States, though he always denied it, as well as in cattle-rustling and in smuggling rackets, but nothing was ever proved against him.

It was after he was released from prison that he supposedly contacted the Castaño brothers so that he could "buy a franchise" from the powerful AUC paramilitary organization, which allowed him to exert control over a large extension of lands in the Eastern Plains. Arroyave apparently acquired the leadership of the Centaurs Bloc by paying a fee of U$6 million, although some of his men have questioned the veracity of this claim. The Centaurs Bloc of the AUC was mostly a gang of thugs involved in crime and blackmailing, which collected money from traders and farm owners in the Eastern Plains in Colombia. It has been said that at some point he managed to rule over 6.000 men in the departments of Meta, Casanare, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, and Guaviare. He also extended his criminal emporium to Bogotá, where by way of the Capital Bloc of the AUC, which he founded and commanded, he controlled a portion of the trade occurring in the traditional “sanandresitos” (old shopping malls where smuggled items and appliances can be bought).

Arroyave also started at some point a bloody war against the *Autodefensas Campesinas de Casanare* (ACC), a powerful paramilitary group commanded by Héctor Germán Buitrago (aka Martín Llanos) operating on the same territory. Following this bloody feud, which left about 3,000 fatalities, Arroyave became paranoid and suspicious of everyone and began spying on his own men and even ordered some killed, which brought fear and hatred among his troops and has been mentioned as the reason why he was later murdered.

Arroyave was close to Carlos Castaño, one of three Castaño brothers, who had founded the AUC and exerted a degree of influence over most of the 20,000 or so paramilitaries operating in Colombia. However, Castaño's influence and power had been waning within the organization in his last few years, particularly as many paramilitary groups became involved in drug trafficking, and earlier in 2004 the AUC split over the conduct of negotiations with the government of President Álvaro Uribe, whose crackdown on the left-wing guerrillas had impressed some paramilitary commanders. In April, 2004, Castaño disappeared before the talks could begin, following an assault on his headquarters by gunmen apparently dispatched by rival commanders. He has not been seen since, and some human remains were recently discovered, apparently proving that he was in fact assassinated. Whatever the case, with Castaño's disappearance Arroyave lost his main supporter and ally within the AUC.

## Death

Following Castaño's disappearance, the remaining AUC leaders subsequently appointed a panel of negotiators, including Arroyave, who now appears to have suffered the same fate as Castaño. Arroyave was killed on September 19, 2004 near Puerto Lleras, Department of Meta in the heart of his home territory, during a break in the talks with the government, which had been going on since May in a safe haven in Córdoba, far to the north. The vehicle in which he was traveling along with four other men was hit by rocket-propelled grenades. The government's chief negotiator, High Commissioner for Peace Luis Carlos Restrepo Ramírez, explained that Arroyave had gone back to the department of Meta to organize the immediate demobilization of his forces.

There are plenty of possible candidates for the murder of Arroyave, who had a great deal of blood on his hands. Perhaps the most likely culprit is "Martin Llanos", leader of the *Autodefensas Campesinas de Casanare* (ACC) (Farmer Self-Defense Forces of Casanare), the paramilitary group with which Arroyave had been involved in a protracted and bloody feud for more than a year in the eastern plains region. He had been in conflict, too, with other paramilitary chiefs over control of territory, drug-trafficking routes and protection rackets, which continued even while the peace talks were going on. Another possibility, favored by army intelligence, is that Arroyave was assassinated by a hit squad from the main left-wing guerrilla organization, the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC).

The AUC leadership, however, laid the blame on a rival within Arroyave's very own Centauros organization: they named Pedro Oliveiro Guerrero Castillo (aka "Cuchillo") as the killer, and described him and his associates as "enemies of peace and opponents of the demobilization process in the eastern plains". It has been recently uncovered that Guerrero was working under the orders of Daniel Barrera (aka "El loco"), a notorious drug lord in Colombia who is in jail in the United States government on charges of drug smuggling into this country.

Arroyave, along with Carlos Castaño remains one of the most powerful and important assassinated members of the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia organization.


title: Prospect Harbor

abstract: Prospect Harbor is a bay in Gouldsboro, Maine. It is separated from Gouldsboro Bay to the northeast by Cranberry Point and from Winter Harbor to the west by the Schoodic Peninsula. The bay is roughly 3 mi. (5 km) long and 3 mi. across (5 km) at its widest.

text:
# Prospect Harbor

**Prospect Harbor** is a bay in Gouldsboro, Maine. It is separated from Gouldsboro Bay to the northeast by Cranberry Point and from Winter Harbor to the west by the Schoodic Peninsula.

The bay is roughly 3 mi. (5 km) long and 3 mi. across (5 km) at its widest.

44°23′N 68°01′W / 44.39°N 68.01°W / 44.39; -68.01

## InfoBox

| Prospect Harbor | |
| --- | --- |
| Prospect Harbor | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Maine |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern) |
| Summer (DST) | Eastern |
| ZIP code | 04669 |


title: Pretina

abstract: Pretina is a village in the municipality of Bujanovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the town has a population of 53 people.

text:
# Pretina

**Pretina** (Serbian Cyrillic: Претина) is a village in the municipality of Bujanovac, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the town has a population of 53 people.

42°21′03″N 21°51′17″E / 42.35083°N 21.85472°E / 42.35083; 21.85472

## InfoBox

| Pretina | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Pretina | |
| Coordinates: 42°21′03″N 21°51′17″E / 42.35083°N 21.85472°E / 42.35083; 21.85472 | |
| Country | Serbia |
| District | Pčinja District |
| Municipality | Bujanovac |
| Population (2002) | |
| Total | 53 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Matt Donovan (ice hockey)

abstract: Matt Donovan is an American former professional ice hockey defenseman who played in the National Hockey League (NHL). Donovan was selected by the New York Islanders in the fourth round of the 2008 NHL Entry Draft.

text:
# Matt Donovan (ice hockey)

**Matt Donovan** (born May 9, 1990) is an American former professional ice hockey defenseman who played in the National Hockey League (NHL). Donovan was selected by the New York Islanders in the fourth round (96th overall) of the 2008 NHL Entry Draft.

## Playing career

Donovan grew up playing in Oklahoma City's youth hockey program where he initially attended Edmond North High School until the age of 15 before moving to John F. Kennedy High School in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. While in Iowa, Donovan played for the Cedar Rapids RoughRiders of the United States Hockey League (USHL). As a RoughRider, he was named to the USHL All-Rookie Team in his first season (2007–08), and the league's First All-Star Team in the following season.

Donovan made his University of Denver debut on October 9, 2009, and completed his first season as a Pioneer with seven goals and 14 assists for a total of 21 points in 36 games to lead all Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) defenseman in goals. For his efforts he was rewarded by being named to the Inside College Hockey Freshman All-American team, All-College Hockey News Rookie Team, and All-WCHA Rookie Team.

Donovan was drafted 96th overall in the fourth round of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 2008 draft by the New York Islanders. Upon completing his sophomore season at the University of Denver, he was quickly signed to a professional contract by the Islanders, who assigned him to play for their American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate, the Bridgeport Sound Tigers. Donovan scored a goal and four assists during the final six games of 2010–11 AHL season. For the 2012–13 season, Donovan tied Justin Schultz for the most points among AHL defensemen with 48.

Donovan made his NHL debut on April 3, 2012, against the New Jersey Devils, making him the first Oklahoman born, raised, and trained in the state to play in the NHL. Donovan wore uniform number 46 in honor of Oklahoma being the 46th state. After making the Islanders' roster to start the 2013–14 season, he scored his first NHL goal on October 8, 2013, against Mike Smith of the Phoenix Coyotes.

With the Islanders declining to give Donovan a qualifying offer, on July 1, 2015, the Buffalo Sabres signed Donovan as a free agent to a one-year contract.

After spending the 2015–16 season exclusively within the Sabres' AHL affiliate, the Rochester Americans, Donovan left the NHL as a free agent to sign a one-year contract abroad with Swedish club, Frölunda HC of the Swedish Hockey League (SHL), on July 21, 2016.

Donovan enjoyed two productive seasons in Sweden, before opting to return to North America for the 2018–19 season, securing a one-year AHL contract with the Milwaukee Admirals on June 7, 2018. Donovan instantly made an impact with the Admirals, leading the club in scoring with 12 points through his first 13 games before he was signed by NHL affiliate, the Nashville Predators, on a two-year, two-way contract on November 4, 2018.

Nearing the conclusion of his contract with the Predators, Donovan opted to continue his tenure with the Milwaukee Admirals by signing a two-year AHL contract extension on March 23, 2020.

With the Admirals opting out of playing in the pandemic delayed 2020–21 season, Donovan made a return to Sweden and the SHL, belatedly signing for the remainder of the season with HV71 on January 20, 2021. He posted 2 goals and 7 points in 12 regular season games, unable to help prevent HV71 suffering relegation to the HockeyAllsvenskan (Allsv).

Returning to the Admirals for the following 2021–22 season, Donovan as an alternate captain, contributed with 8 goals and 40 points from the blueline in all 76 regular season games.

On June 17, 2022, Donovan again left the AHL and signed a one-year contract with German club, Adler Mannheim of the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). In the 2022–23 season, Donovan as an alternate captain contributed offensively on the blueline with 8 goals and 23 points through 47 regular season games. He also added 8 assists in 12 playoff contests.

As a free agent, Donovan returned to North America after securing a one-year AHL contract with the Chicago Wolves on June 14, 2023. In the 2023–24 season, Donovan continued to produce offensively from the blueline, totalling 43 points through 69 regular season games.

On August 26, 2024, Donovan concluded his 14-year professional career, after he was unveiled as an assistant coach of the Milwaukee Admirals of the AHL, affiliate to former club, the Nashville Predators.

## International play

| Medal record | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ice hockey | | |
| Representing  United States | | |
| World Junior Championships | | |
|  | 2010 Canada |  |
| World Junior A Challenge | | |
|  | 2008 Camrose |  |

Donovan was a member of the United States junior hockey team that captured the gold medal in January 2010 at the 2010 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships with a 6–5 overtime victory against Team Canada. Throughout the seven games Donovan gained three goals and two assists with a plus-6 rating.

## Career statistics

### Regular season and playoffs

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2007–08 | Cedar Rapids RoughRiders | USHL | | 59 | 12 | 18 | 30 | 41 | | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 |
| 2008–09 | Cedar Rapids RoughRiders | USHL | | 57 | 19 | 32 | 51 | 43 | | 5 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 2 |
| 2009–10 | University of Denver | WCHA | | 36 | 7 | 14 | 21 | 50 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2010–11 | University of Denver | WCHA | | 42 | 9 | 23 | 32 | 64 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2010–11 | Bridgeport Sound Tigers | AHL | | 6 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 10 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2011–12 | Bridgeport Sound Tigers | AHL | | 72 | 10 | 34 | 44 | 63 | | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| 2011–12 | New York Islanders | NHL | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2012–13 | Bridgeport Sound Tigers | AHL | | 75 | 14 | 34 | 48 | 112 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2013–14 | New York Islanders | NHL | | 52 | 2 | 14 | 16 | 26 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2013–14 | Bridgeport Sound Tigers | AHL | | 27 | 7 | 14 | 21 | 25 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2014–15 | New York Islanders | NHL | | 12 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |
| 2015–16 | Rochester Americans | AHL | | 73 | 8 | 23 | 31 | 61 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2016–17 | Frölunda HC | SHL | | 50 | 1 | 14 | 15 | 74 | | 14 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| 2017–18 | Frölunda HC | SHL | | 52 | 7 | 20 | 27 | 69 | | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2018–19 | Milwaukee Admirals | AHL | | 64 | 11 | 24 | 35 | 66 | | 5 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 2018–19 | Nashville Predators | NHL | | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2019–20 | Milwaukee Admirals | AHL | | 62 | 5 | 27 | 32 | 58 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2020–21 | HV71 | SHL | | 12 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2021–22 | Milwaukee Admirals | AHL | | 76 | 8 | 32 | 40 | 57 | | 9 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| 2022–23 | Adler Mannheim | DEL | | 47 | 8 | 15 | 23 | 33 | | 12 | 0 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| 2023–24 | Chicago Wolves | AHL | | 69 | 4 | 39 | 43 | 88 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| NHL totals | | | | 69 | 2 | 18 | 20 | 28 | | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 |

### International

| Year | Team | Event | Result |  | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | United States | WJC |  | | 7 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 |
| 2014 | United States | WC | 6th | | 7 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Junior totals | | | | | 7 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 4 |
| Senior totals | | | | | 7 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 |

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| USHL | | |
| All-Rookie Team | 2008 |  |
| First All-Star Team | 2009 |  |
| College | | |
| WCHA All-Rookie Team | 2010 |  |
| WCHA Second All-Star Team | 2011 |  |
| WCHA All-Tournament Team | 2011 |  |
| AHL | | |
| All-Rookie Team | 2012 |  |
| All-Star Game | 2013 |  |
| CHL | | |
| Champion | 2017 |  |

## InfoBox

| Matt Donovan | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Donovan with the New York Islanders in 2015 | | | |
| Born | (1990-05-09) May 9, 1990
Edmond, Oklahoma, U.S. | | |
| Height | 6 ft 0 in (183 cm) | | |
| Weight | 190 lb (86 kg; 13 st 8 lb) | | |
| Position | Defense | | |
| Shot | Left | | |
| Played for | New York Islanders
Frölunda HC
Nashville Predators
HV71
Adler Mannheim | | |
| National team | United States | | |
| NHL draft | 96th overall, 2008
New York Islanders | | |
| Playing career | 20112024 | | |


title: Prasoxylon excelsum

abstract: Prasoxylon excelsum is a tree in the family Meliaceae. The specific epithet excelsum is from the Latin meaning 'tall'.

text:
# Prasoxylon excelsum

***Prasoxylon excelsum*** is a tree in the family Meliaceae. The specific epithet **excelsum** is from the Latin meaning 'tall'.

## Description

The tree grows up to 36 metres (120 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 80 centimetres (31 in). The sweetly scented flowers are cream-coloured or pinkish white. The fruits are brown when ripe, roundish to pear-shaped and measure up to 5 cm (2 in) in diameter.

## Distribution and habitat

*Prasoxylon excelsum* is found in Sri Lanka, Nepal, northeast India, southern China, Indochina, and throughout Malesia and Papuasia. Its habitat is rain forest from sea-level to 1,000 metres (3,000 ft) elevation.

## InfoBox

| *Prasoxylon excelsum* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Meliaceae |
| Genus: | *Prasoxylon* |
| Species: | ***P. excelsum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Prasoxylon excelsum***<br>(Spreng.) Mabb. (2021) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| List * *Alliaria procera* Kuntze (1891) * *Azedarach nigrum* Noronha (1790), nom. nud. * *Dysoxylum altissimum* Merr. (1904) * *Dysoxylum arnoldianum* K.Schum (1889) * *Dysoxylum excelsum* (Spreng.) Blume ex G.Don (1831) * *Dysoxylum excelsum* var. *hasseltii* Miq. (1868) * *Dysoxylum excelsum* var. *parvifolium* Koord. & Valeton (1896) * *Dysoxylum excelsum* var. *pedicellatum* Koord. & Valeton (1896) * *Dysoxylum gobara* (Buch.-Ham.) Merr. (1942) * *Dysoxylum hasseltii* (Miq.) Koord. & Valeton (1897) * *Dysoxylum havilandii* Ridl. (1930) * *Dysoxylum hubertii* Harms (1941) * *Dysoxylum macgregorii* C.DC. (1903) * *Dysoxylum microbotrys* King (1895) * *Dysoxylum motleyanum* (C.DC.) Ridl. (1930) * *Dysoxylum pallidum* Merr. (1914) * *Dysoxylum peerisiae* Kosterm. (1982) * *Dysoxylum procerum* Hiern (1875), nom. illeg. * *Dysoxylum procerum* var. *integrum* C.DC. (1878) * *Dysoxylum procerum* var. *macranthum* C.DC. (1902) * *Dysoxylum procerum* var. *motleyanum* C.DC. (1878) * *Dysoxylum turbinatum* King (1895) * *Epicharis procera* (Hiern) Pierre (1896), nom. illeg. * *Guarea acuminata* Wall. (1829), not validly publ. * *Guarea disyphonia* Griff. (1854) * *Guarea gobara* Buch.-Ham. (1832) * *Guarea oblonga* Wall. (1829), not validly publ. * *Guarea procera* Wall. (1829), not validly publ. * *Hartighsea excelsa* (Spreng.) A.Juss. (1830 publ. 1831) * *Hartighsea gobara* Wight & Arn. ex Voigt (1845) * *Macrochiton excelsum* (Spreng.) M.Roem. (1846) * *Trichilia excelsa* Spreng. (1827) | |


title: Niigata Prefectural Museum of History

abstract: Niigata Prefectural Museum of History Niigata Prefectural Museum of History is a prefectural museum in Nagaoka, Japan, dedicated to the history of Niigata Prefecture. The museum opened in 2000.

text:
# Niigata Prefectural Museum of History

**Niigata Prefectural Museum of History** (新潟県立歴史博物館, *Niigata Kenritsu Rekishi Hakubutsukan*) is a prefectural museum in Nagaoka, Japan, dedicated to the history of Niigata Prefecture. The museum opened in 2000.

## InfoBox

| Niigata Prefectural Museum of History | |
| --- | --- |
| 新潟県立歴史博物館 | |
|  | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Address | 1-2247 Sekihara |
| Town or city | Nagaoka, Niigata Prefecture |
| Country | Japan |
| Coordinates | 37°26′18″N 138°46′4″E / 37.43833°N 138.76778°E / 37.43833; 138.76778 |
| Opened | 2000 |
| Technical details | |
| Floor area | 10,000 m2 |
| Website | |
| homepage | |


title: Palacio del Infantado, Guadalajara

abstract: The Palace of El Infantado is a palace located in Guadalajara, Spain. An example of the Isabelline architectural style, it dates from the 15th century and was the seat of the Dukes of the Infantado.

text:
# Palacio del Infantado, Guadalajara

The **Palace of El Infantado** (Spanish: *Palacio del Infantado*) is a palace located in Guadalajara, Spain. An example of the Isabelline architectural style, it dates from the 15th century and was the seat of the Dukes of the Infantado.

## Conservation and access

The building has been protected by a heritage listing, currently *Bien de Interés Cultural*, since 1914, but was one of a number of buildings in Guadalajara which suffered damage in the Spanish Civil War. Since 1973, it houses the Museum of Guadalajara.

## InfoBox

| Palace of the Infantage | |
| --- | --- |
| *Native name*<br>Spanish: *Palacio del Infantado* | |
|  | |
| Location | Guadalajara, Spain |
| Coordinates | 40°38′13″N 3°10′03″W / 40.636944°N 3.1675°W / 40.636944; -3.1675 |
|  | |
| Spanish Cultural Heritage | |
| Official name | Palacio del Infantado |
| Type | Non-movable |
| Criteria | Monument |
| Designated | 1914 |
| Reference no. | RI-51-0000134 |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Palace of the Infantage in Spain | |


title: Seven Incorporated Trades of Aberdeen

abstract: Seven Incorporated Trades of Aberdeen is an ancient society of craftsmen in Aberdeen, Scotland. Their home is Trinity Hall on the city's Holburn Street.

text:
# Seven Incorporated Trades of Aberdeen

**Seven Incorporated Trades of Aberdeen** is an ancient society of craftsmen in Aberdeen, Scotland. Their home is Trinity Hall on the city's Holburn Street.

## Composition

The society comprises seven trades:

* Hammermen (1519)
* Bakers (1398)
* Wrights and Coopers (1527)
* Tailors (1511)
* Shoemakers (1484 and 1520)
* Weavers (pre 1222)
* Fleshers (1534)

## History

The first Deacon Convenor of the joint seven trades was George Elphinstone, a saddler in the Guild of Hammermen, appointed in June 1587. In an effort to alleviate disputes between the various trades this body was created and created what was known as the **Aberdeen Magna Carta**, a charter drawn up to agree processes and settlement of disputes ratified in August 1587 and raised to the status of a Royal Charter by King James VI on 16 July 1617.

## Notable Patrons

* Bain, Ebenezer (1887). *Merchant and Craft Guilds. A History of the Aberdeen Incorporated Trades*. Aberdeen: Edmond.

Official website


title: Wari Kunka (Peru)

abstract: Wari Kunka is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is situated in the Puno Region, El Collao Province, Santa Rosa District. It lies northeast of the lake Lurisquta, northwest of the mountain Janq'u Q'awa.

text:
# Wari Kunka (Peru)

**Wari Kunka** (Aymara *wari* vicuña, *kunka* throat, "vicuña throat", *wari kunka* a medical plant *(Thamnolia vermicularis)*, Hispanicized spelling *Huaricunca*) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is situated in the Puno Region, El Collao Province, Santa Rosa District. It lies northeast of the lake Lurisquta, northwest of the mountain Janq'u Q'awa.

## InfoBox

| Wari Kunka | |
| --- | --- |
| Wari KunkaPeru | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 4,800 m (15,700 ft) |
| Coordinates | 16°47′23″S 69°55′32″W / 16.78972°S 69.92556°W / -16.78972; -69.92556 |
| Geography | |
| Location | Peru, Puno Region |
| Parent range | Andes |


title: Prospect Heights, Brooklyn

abstract: Prospect Heights is a neighborhood in the northwest of the New York City borough of Brooklyn. The traditional boundaries are Flatbush Avenue to the west, Atlantic Avenue to the north, Eastern Parkway – beginning at Grand Army Plaza – to the south, and Washington Avenue to the east. In the northern section of Prospect Heights are the Vanderbilt Rail Yards, built over as part of the Pacific Park project. The Barclays Center, home to the NBA's Brooklyn Nets basketball team, is located in the northwestern corner of the neighborhood in Pacific Park at Flatbush and Atlantic Avenues. Compared to other Brooklyn neighborhoods, Prospect Heights is relatively small and is notable for its cultural diversity as well as its tree-lined streets. Prospect Heights has seen rapid demographic changes over the 2000s, and its shifts are exemplified by a mixture of older buildings under reconstruction, rows of classic 1890s brownstones, and newly built luxury condominiums. The neighborhood is served by the New York City Police Department's 77th and 78th precincts.

text:
# Prospect Heights, Brooklyn

**Prospect Heights** is a neighborhood in the northwest of the New York City borough of Brooklyn. The traditional boundaries are Flatbush Avenue to the west, Atlantic Avenue to the north, Eastern Parkway – beginning at Grand Army Plaza – to the south, and Washington Avenue to the east. In the northern section of Prospect Heights are the Vanderbilt Rail Yards, built over as part of the Pacific Park (formerly Atlantic Yards) project. The Barclays Center, home to the NBA's Brooklyn Nets basketball team, is located in the northwestern corner of the neighborhood in Pacific Park at Flatbush and Atlantic Avenues.

Compared to other Brooklyn neighborhoods, Prospect Heights is relatively small and is notable for its cultural diversity as well as its tree-lined streets. Prospect Heights has seen rapid demographic changes over the 2000s, and its shifts are exemplified by a mixture of older buildings under reconstruction, rows of classic 1890s brownstones, and newly built luxury condominiums. The neighborhood is served by the New York City Police Department's 77th and 78th precincts.

## Boundaries and land use

Along the southern boundary, Eastern Parkway, from Grand Army Plaza to Washington Avenue is reminiscent of Fifth Avenue's "Museum Mile" in Manhattan. Immense, opulent buildings line the north side of the parkway, and the south side features the Brooklyn Public Library, Mount Prospect Park (not to be confused with Prospect Park), the Brooklyn Botanic Garden, and the Brooklyn Museum. To Prospect Heights' north lies Fort Greene, to its south Prospect Park, to its west Park Slope, and to its east Crown Heights. Its portion east of Vanderbilt Avenue is under the jurisdiction of the 77th NYPD precinct; its portion west of Vanderbilt Avenue is under the jurisdiction of the 78th.

The interior portion of the neighborhood consists mostly of brownstone-style residential rowhouse buildings, some built as early as 1890, although some blocks, such as Lincoln and St. Johns Place between Underhill and Washington Avenues, include larger multi-unit apartment buildings. A number of new condominium complexes are under construction in many parts of the neighborhood. Defunct bakeries and factory spaces line Pacific Street from Vanderbilt Avenue to Carlton Avenue, and some have recently been renovated and converted into lofts; still others have recently been purchased by developer Bruce Ratner in anticipation of his Pacific Park project. Recently, a number of these have begun to be demolished. Ratner's company Forest City Ratner has planned a controversial development on top of the neighborhood, the plans for which would include a basketball arena and luxury housing. An upscale, glass high-rise residential building designed by the architect Richard Meier and located off of Grand Army Plaza was completed in 2008.

As demand for housing within Prospect Heights increased, some residents of Crown Heights came to consider Franklin Avenue the western border with Prospect Heights rather than Washington Avenue. However, most residents continue to consider Washington Avenue the border, and Washington Avenue remains the eastern border of Prospect Heights as recognized by major New York City media such as *The New York Times*, *The New York Post*, and *The Wall Street Journal*.

The name "Prospect Heights" can be traced as far back as 1889 to a letter to the editor published in the *Brooklyn Eagle,* although at that time it was one of several potential names for the neighborhood that has since come to be known as Park Slope. The letter began by noting that it was "amusing to see the attempts made to fix upon a name for the rapidly growing part of Brooklyn near Prospect Park, bounded by Flatbush, Fifth and Ninth avenues, Some call it Park Slope, some Park Hill Side, some Prospect Heights and others Prospect Hill..." Additionally, Prospect Heights once shared the name "Gowanus Heights" with Prospect Park, Greenwood and Bay Ridge.

### Controversy

In the late 2000s and early 2010s, the neighborhood experienced controversy over a development project by developer Bruce Ratner, initially designed by the architect Frank Gehry, for the portions of Prospect Heights and Fort Greene known as Pacific Park (formerly Atlantic Yards). This included the construction of the Barclays Center, an arena to serve as a new home for the Brooklyn Nets basketball team, as well as housing and commercial space in a cluster of high-rise buildings much taller than the borough's existing low-rise architecture. A number of community groups opposed the project, claiming abuse of the principles of eminent domain, among other concerns. Supporters of the project believed in its potential for reinvigorating an unattractive space.

## Architecture

The area has many Italianate and Neo-Grec rowhouses, and much of the neighborhood has been designated a New York City historic district. The Prospect Heights Historic District covers an area roughly bounded by Flatbush Avenue, Sterling Place, Washington Avenue, and St. Marks Avenue, though a section of the historic district extends as far north as Pacific Street. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983. The district was designated by the city Landmarks Preservation Commission on June 23, 2009, and approved by the New York City Council on September 17, 2009. It is the fifth largest historic district in New York City.

The Co-Cathedral of St. Joseph of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Brooklyn, built in 1912 in Spanish Colonial style, is located at 856 Pacific Street between Vanderbilt and Underhill Avenues in Prospect Heights.

The neighborhood is also notable for its unusual street grid. The original street plan was based upon Lenape Indian paths and the boundaries of Dutch farms. As part of the Commissioners' Plan of 1839, this was redrawn to better match the rest of Brooklyn, resulting in several buildings that are oddly-shaped or face the street at an angle.

## Demographics

Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Prospect Heights was 19,849, an increase of 194 (1.0%) from the 19,655 counted in 2000. Covering an area of 237.30 acres (96.03 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 83.6 inhabitants per acre (53,500/sq mi; 20,700/km2).

The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 47.2% (9,359) White, 30.1% (5,979) African American, 0.2% (34) Native American, 6.6% (1,316) Asian, 0.1% (12) Pacific Islander, 0.5% (106) from other races, and 3.9% (768) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 11.5% (2,275) of the population.

The entirety of Community District 8, which covers Crown Heights North and Prospect Heights, had 97,130 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 79.2 years. This is lower than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods. Most inhabitants are middle-aged adults and youth: 20% are between the ages of 0–17, 37% between 25–44, and 22% between 45–64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 9% and 12% respectively.

As of 2016, the median household income in Community District 8 was $60,107. In 2018, an estimated 21% of Community District 8 residents lived in poverty, compared to 21% in all of Brooklyn and 20% in all of New York City. One in eleven residents (9%) were unemployed, compared to 9% in the rest of both Brooklyn and New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 50% in Community District 8, lower than the citywide and boroughwide rates of 52% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018, Community District 8 is considered to be gentrifying.

## Culture

A diverse ethnic neighborhood in the 1910s through the 1960s, combining Italian, Irish, Jewish, German, Greek and Yankee residents, Prospect Heights is currently well known for its mixed black and white culture. Every year the West Indian Day Parade, the largest annual parade in New York City, follows Eastern Parkway, beginning in Crown Heights and ending at Grand Army Plaza in Prospect Heights. During the last thirty years, the neighborhood has seen an influx of new residents, increasingly young and white, perhaps due to real estate prices slightly lower than neighboring Park Slope. A thriving commercial zone has emerged along Vanderbilt Avenue and Washington Avenue, which since 2000 has seen a surge in new bars, restaurants, and specialty shops, including a restaurant opened by Michelin-starred chef Saul Bolton, and stores emphasizing gourmet ice cream and even, for a while, artisanal mayonnaise.

## Fire safety

The New York City Fire Department (FDNY) operates two fire stations in Prospect Heights:

* Engine Company 280/Ladder Company 132 – 489 St Johns Place
* Engine Company 219/Ladder Company 105 – 494 Dean Street

## Health

As of 2018, preterm births and births to teenage mothers in Community District 8 are more common than in other places citywide. There were 92 preterm births per 1,000 live births in Community District 8 (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide) and 24.6 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births in Community District 8 (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide). Community District 8 has a relatively high population of residents who are uninsured, or who receive healthcare through Medicaid. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 12%, compared to the citywide rate of 12%.

The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, is 0.008 milligrams per cubic metre (8.0×10−9 oz/cu ft) in Community District 8, slightly higher than the citywide and boroughwide averages. Eighteen percent of Community District 8 residents are smokers, compared to the city average of 14% of residents being smokers. In Community District 8, 26% of residents are obese, 13% are diabetic, and 33% have high blood pressure—compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively. In addition, 19% of children are obese in Community District 8, compared to the citywide average of 20%.

Eighty-four percent of Community District 8 residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is slightly lower than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 78% of Community District 8 residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", compared to the city's average of 78%. For every supermarket, there are 25 bodegas in Community District 8.

## Post offices and ZIP Codes

Prospect Heights is covered by ZIP Codes 11217 and 11238. The United States Postal Service operates two post offices nearby: the Times Plaza Annex Station at 594 Dean Street, and the Adelphi Station at 950 Fulton Street.

## Education

Community District 8 generally has a similar ratio of college-educated residents to the rest of the city as of 2018. In Community District 8, 44% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, while 16% have less than a high school education and 40% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 40% of Brooklynites and 38% of city residents have a college education or higher. The percentage of Community District 8 students excelling in reading and math has been increasing, with reading achievement rising from 31 percent in 2000 to 37 percent in 2011, and math achievement rising from 22 percent to 47 percent within the same time period.

Community District 8's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is higher than the rest of New York City. The proportion of elementary school students who missed twenty or more days per school year was 28% in Community District 8, compared to the citywide average of 20% of students. Additionally, 71% of high school students in Community District 8 graduate on time, compared to the citywide average of 75% of students.

### Schools

Prospect Heights contains the following public schools:

* PS 9 Sarah Smith Garnet, formerly PS 9 Teunis G Bergen (grades PK–5)
* IS 340 (grades 6–8)
* Pacific Park Campus (grades 6–8)

German School Brooklyn, a German international school, was once on the fifth floor of the Union Temple of Brooklyn. In 2021 the school moved all levels to 9 Hanover Place in Downtown Brooklyn.

### Library

The Brooklyn Public Library's Brooklyn Central Library is located at Grand Army Plaza, on the southern side of Prospect Heights.

## Transportation

Five New York City Bus lines serve Prospect Heights:

Several New York City Subway stations are located in Prospect Heights. The IRT Eastern Parkway Line ( and  trains) has stations at Bergen Street, Grand Army Plaza, and Brooklyn Museum, while the BMT Brighton Line ( and  trains) has a station at Seventh Avenue.

## Notable residents

## InfoBox

| Prospect Heights | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighborhood of Brooklyn | |
|  | |
| Location in New York City | |
| Coordinates: 40°40′40″N 73°58′10″W / 40.67778°N 73.96944°W / 40.67778; -73.96944 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New York |
| City | New York City |
| Borough | Brooklyn |
| Community District | Brooklyn 8 |
| Population (2010) | |
| Total | 67,645 |
| Race/Ethnicity | |
| White | 51.8% |
| Black | 26.3% |
| Hispanic | 8.1% |
| Asian | 7.7% |
| Other | 6.1% |
| Time zone | UTC−05:00 (Eastern) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−04:00 (EDT) |
| ZIP Codes | 11217, 11238 |
| Area code | 718, 347, 929, and 917 |


title: Preston Parker

abstract: Preston Parker is a former American football wide receiver and return specialist. He was signed by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers as an undrafted free agent in 2010. He played college football at Florida State University and The University of North Alabama.

text:
# Preston Parker

**Preston Parker** (born February 13, 1987) is a former American football wide receiver and return specialist. He was signed by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers as an undrafted free agent in 2010. He played college football at Florida State University and The University of North Alabama.

## Early life

Parker graduated from Atlantic Community High School in 2006. PrepStar Magazine awarded him All-American honors following his senior season. After catching 45 passes for 1,150 yards with 11 touchdowns as a senior, The Florida Sports Writers Association selected Parker to the All-State first team in Class 5A. Rivals.com ranked him as the No. 12 wide receiver and gave him four stars. In 2006, on the Preseason Florida Top 100, Rivals also listed him as the second ranked wide receiver as well as the number 18th ranked overall player in the state of Florida. He finished his varsity career with 90 receptions for 1,960 yards, 30 touchdowns and, as a defensive back, received Class 5A all-state second team honors. He chose Florida State over Miami, Minnesota, and NC State.

## College career

### Freshman season

In 2006, as a true freshman for the Seminoles, Parker played in 10 games. He received playing time in the Seminoles' Emerald Bowl victory over UCLA. He caught two passes for 26 yards and rushed for 13 yards on three attempts. He also returned one kickoff for 21 yards. During the 2006 season, he and one other player were the only two true freshmen wide receivers to record a reception.

### Sophomore season

Parker played in every game that season for the Seminoles, including the Music City Bowl against Kentucky. As a wide receiver he started in three games (Miami, Virginia Tech and Kentucky) and then two games at running back (Maryland, Florida). Rivals.com and Phil Steele awarded him All-ACC second team honors as a wide receiver. As a punt returner, he was an All-ACC third team selection by Steele. Parker led the team in all purpose yards (1,513) and catches. He was second on the team in receiving yards, rushing attempts as well as rushing yards and was the team's leading punt returner. Out of anyone with more than five carries, he had the highest average yards per rush. With 9.82 yards per play, he placed ninth among all freshmen and sophomores in the Football Bowl Subdivision and was third in the FBS amongst sophomores in average yards per play. At the conclusion of the season, he was nationally ranked 75th in all-purpose yards, 30th in punt returns and also 91st in receptions per game. He finished the season in the top 10 in the ACC for receptions per game (fifth), punt return average (third), all-purpose yards (seventh) and receiving yards per game (eighth).

Parker was the first player to ever play for Bobby Bowden to garner 80 yards rushing, receiving and returning kicks in a single game in the same season. He acquired averages of 116 yards of total offense per game, 61 yards per game and 13 yards per catch as a wide receiver. He accounted for 51 first downs (team high) and tied for the team lead with five touchdowns. Against Maryland, he garnered 133 yards on 20 carries (career high) when he was forced into a starting rotation at running back due to injuries sustained by all three of the Seminoles' running backs. Parker had only five days to learn the new position and still had the second most productive rushing performance of the season by any Florida State running back. In 10 of the 12 games he played at as wide receiver he had at least four catches. He went on to finish the season tied for 10th all-time in single season receptions at FSU. He was the Seminoles' 2007 MVP.

### Junior season

Parker opened the season with a two-game suspension due to legal issues. He played in 10 games and made eight starts. Even though he missed two games versus Western Carolina and UTC, Parker led all of the wide receivers with 40 catches and was also second on the team with 372 yards. In the last seven regular season games of the 2008 season he caught 34 passes which were twice as many as any other wide receiver on the team. In four of the last seven regular season games he had 50 yards or more receiving and averaged almost five catches per game after the win at NC State. In a win over Clemson, he recorded 169 all-purpose yards and 127 all-purpose yards in a loss at Georgia Tech.

Throughout his career at Florida State, Parker gathered numerous charges. In November 2006, he was arrested after Tallahassee police said he tried to steal a DVD. He entered a diversionary program and the charge was later dismissed. In April 2008, he was arrested and charged with carrying a concealed firearm (felony) and possession of marijuana (misdemeanor).

In January 2009, Parker was arrested for DUI after police found him passed out behind the wheel of his car. His blood alcohol content was 0.054, which is well below the Florida legal limit of 0.08. Police said a urine sample was a "presumptive positive" for marijuana. Police also stated that Parker admitted to drinking alcohol and smoking marijuana the night before. With this being his third arrest, he was dismissed from the team. He finished his collegiate career at the University of North Alabama.

## Professional career

### Tampa Bay Buccaneers

After the 2010 collegiate season, Parker signed with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers.

He made the team after performing well during the preseason. He garnered very little playing time and caught four passes in 9 games played. In his second year with the team, he gained 554 yards and scored 3 touchdowns. In 2012, he signed an exclusive rights deal, worth $540K for 1 year. On Thursday, September 20, 2012, he was released by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers with the signing of Tiquan Underwood.

### New Orleans Saints

On January 3, 2013, the New Orleans Saints signed Parker to a futures contract. Although he performed well in training camp as both wide receiver and kick returner (including two touchdown catches in a preseason game against Kansas City), Parker was released on August 31, 2013, as part of the team's final preseason cuts.

### New York Giants

New York Giants signed Preston on January 7, 2014. Parker had 36 catches for 418 yards and two touchdowns on the year. He also contributed to special teams as a returner. He was released by the Giants on September 22, 2015, after a series of crucial dropped passes in multiple games.

## InfoBox

Preston Parker
| No. 87, 83, 15 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position: | Wide receiver / return specialist |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1987-02-13) February 13, 1987<br>Delray Beach, Florida, U.S. |
| Height: | 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) |
| Weight: | 200 lb (91 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Atlantic Community (Delray Beach, Florida) |
| College: | FSU |
| Undrafted: | 2010 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
| * Offseason and/or practice squad member only | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Receptions: 85  Receiving yards: 1,057  Receiving touchdowns: 5 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


abstract: List of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Passaic County, New Jersey This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Passaic County, New Jersey. Latitude and longitude coordinates of the sites listed on this page may be displayed in an online map.           This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.

text:
# National Register of Historic Places listings in Passaic County, New Jersey

**List of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Passaic County, New Jersey**

**Contents:** Counties and communities in New Jersey
| AtlanticBergen (Closter, Franklin Lakes, Ridgewood, Saddle River, Wyckoff) – BurlingtonCamdenCape MayCumberlandEssexGloucesterHudsonHunterdonMercerMiddlesexMonmouthMorrisOceanPassaicSalemSomersetSussexUnionWarren |
| --- |

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Passaic County, New Jersey. Latitude and longitude coordinates of the sites listed on this page may be displayed in an online map.

*This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.*

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Ailsa Farms |  | April 30, 1976
(#76001181) | 300 Pompton Road
40°56′37″N 74°11′50″W / 40.943611°N 74.197222°W / 40.943611; -74.197222 (Ailsa Farms) | Wayne | The Ailsa Farms estate is now William Paterson University. The estate's house, Haledon Hall, has been restored as Hobart Manor. |
| 2 | Arch Street Bridge over the Passaic River |  | March 22, 2018
(#100002230) | Arch St. over Passaic R.
40°55′24″N 74°10′12″W / 40.923226°N 74.169963°W / 40.923226; -74.169963 (Arch Street Bridge over the Passaic River) | Paterson |  |
| 3 | Aycrigg Mansion |  | April 29, 1982
(#82003299) | Main Ave. and Temple Pl.
40°51′02″N 74°07′30″W / 40.850556°N 74.125°W / 40.850556; -74.125 (Aycrigg Mansion) | Passaic |  |
| 4 | Belle Vista |  | June 3, 1976
(#76001180) | Valley Road in Garret Mountain Reservation
40°54′00″N 74°10′22″W / 40.9°N 74.172778°W / 40.9; -74.172778 (Belle Vista) | Paterson | Known as Lambert Castle |
| 5 | Botany Worsted Mills Historic District |  | July 26, 1991
(#91000928) | 80-82 and 90 Dayton Ave. and 6-32 Mattimore St.
40°52′25″N 74°07′10″W / 40.873611°N 74.119444°W / 40.873611; -74.119444 (Botany Worsted Mills Historic District) | Passaic |  |
| 6 | Pietro Botto House |  | July 30, 1974
(#74001188) | 83 Norwood St.
40°56′05″N 74°11′19″W / 40.934722°N 74.188611°W / 40.934722; -74.188611 (Pietro Botto House) | Haledon | Also known as Pietro and Maria Botto House |
| 7 | Cathedral of St. John the Baptist |  | December 16, 1977
(#77000903) | Main and Grand Sts.
40°54′46″N 74°10′21″W / 40.912778°N 74.1725°W / 40.912778; -74.1725 (Cathedral of St. John the Baptist) | Paterson |  |
| 8 | Clinton Furnace |  | June 18, 1976
(#76001179) | at the base of the Clinton Reservoir by the Clinton Brook
41°04′20″N 74°27′00″W / 41.072222°N 74.45°W / 41.072222; -74.45 (Clinton Furnace) | West Milford |  |
| 9 | Frederick William Cooke Residence |  | July 8, 1982
(#82003302) | 384 Broadway
40°55′06″N 74°09′31″W / 40.918333°N 74.158611°W / 40.918333; -74.158611 (Frederick William Cooke Residence) | Paterson | Destroyed by fire in 1991. |
| 10 | Danforth Memorial Library |  | March 1, 1984
(#84002782) | 250 Broadway
40°55′05″N 74°09′52″W / 40.918056°N 74.164444°W / 40.918056; -74.164444 (Danforth Memorial Library) | Paterson | Also known as the Paterson Free Public Library |
| 11 | Dey Mansion |  | December 18, 1970
(#70000392) | 199 Totowa Rd.
40°54′56″N 74°14′00″W / 40.915556°N 74.233333°W / 40.915556; -74.233333 (Dey Mansion) | Wayne |  |
| 12 | Dundee Canal Industrial Historic District |  | January 21, 1999
(#98001640) | George St., N along Dundee Canal, approx. 1.2 mi. to headgates opposite E. Clifton Ave.
40°52′25″N 74°07′12″W / 40.873611°N 74.12°W / 40.873611; -74.12 (Dundee Canal Industrial Historic District) | Passaic |  |
| 13 | Eastside Park Historic District |  | July 7, 2004
(#04000673) | Roughly bounded by 20th, Vreeland, and 11th Aves., E. 33rd St. and Mclean Bvd.
40°54′53″N 74°08′13″W / 40.914713°N 74.136815°W / 40.914713; -74.136815 (Eastside Park Historic District) | Paterson |  |
| 14 | John W. Ferguson House |  | May 23, 1980
(#80002516) | 421 12th Ave.
40°55′11″N 74°08′46″W / 40.919722°N 74.146111°W / 40.919722; -74.146111 (John W. Ferguson House) | Paterson | Demolished in 1988. |
| 15 | Garritse–Doremus–Westervelt House |  | March 20, 2023
(#100008730) | Park Drive, Weasel Brook Park
40°52′16″N 74°08′48″W / 40.8710°N 74.1466°W / 40.8710; -74.1466 (Garritse–Doremus–Westervelt House) | Clifton | Also known as Vanderhoef–Westervelt House |
| 16 | Goffle Brook Park |  | November 1, 2002
(#02001276) | Goffle Rd., bet. Lafayette and MacFarlan Ave.
40°57′22″N 74°09′42″W / 40.956111°N 74.161667°W / 40.956111; -74.161667 (Goffle Brook Park) | Hawthorne |  |
| 17 | Great Falls of the Passaic and Society for Useful Manufactures Historic District |  | April 17, 1970
(#70000391) | At Passaic River
40°55′01″N 74°10′52″W / 40.917064°N 74.181061°W / 40.917064; -74.181061 (Great Falls of the Passaic and Society for Useful Manufactures Historic District) | Paterson |  |
| 18 | Hinchliffe Stadium |  | March 22, 2004
(#04000223) | Maple and Liberty Sts., overlooking the Great Falls of the Passaic
40°55′13″N 74°10′53″W / 40.920278°N 74.181389°W / 40.920278; -74.181389 (Hinchliffe Stadium) | Paterson | Listed as "National Register of Historic Places - Local Significance." This error was never corrected. |
| 19 | Kossuth Street School |  | April 10, 1980
(#80002515) | 47 Kossuth St.
40°56′17″N 74°11′01″W / 40.938058°N 74.183531°W / 40.938058; -74.183531 (Kossuth Street School) | Haledon |  |
| 20 | Long Pond Ironworks |  | January 11, 1974
(#74001189) | NE of West Milford on NJ 511
41°08′47″N 74°18′39″W / 41.146389°N 74.310833°W / 41.146389; -74.310833 (Long Pond Ironworks) | West Milford |  |
| 21 | Morris Canal |  | October 1, 1974
(#74002228) | Irregular line beginning at Phillipsburg and ending at Jersey City
40°41′08″N 75°09′49″W / 40.685556°N 75.163611°W / 40.685556; -75.163611 (Morris Canal) | Not applicable |  |
| 22 | Passaic County Court House and United States Custom House and Post Office Historic District |  | July 21, 2015
(#15000443) | 73-87, 63-65 Hamilton St.
40°54′49″N 74°10′17″W / 40.9137°N 74.1715°W / 40.9137; -74.1715 (Passaic County Court House and United States Custom House and Post Office Historic District) | Paterson |  |
| 23 | Passaic Elks Club |  | December 28, 2005
(#05001485) | 29-31 Howe Ave.
40°51′46″N 74°07′40″W / 40.862778°N 74.127778°W / 40.862778; -74.127778 (Passaic Elks Club) | Passaic |  |
| 24 | Paterson City Hall |  | March 10, 1995
(#95000232) | 155 Market Street
40°55′00″N 74°10′19″W / 40.916667°N 74.171944°W / 40.916667; -74.171944 (Paterson City Hall) | Paterson |  |
| 25 | Paterson Downtown Commercial Historic District |  | February 12, 1999
(#99000192) | Roughly bounded by Patterson, Ward and Gross Sts., and Hamilton Ave.
40°55′02″N 74°10′21″W / 40.917222°N 74.1725°W / 40.917222; -74.1725 (Paterson Downtown Commercial Historic District) | Paterson |  |
| 26 | People's Bank and Trust Company Building |  | November 19, 2018
(#100003110) | 663 Main Ave.
40°51′40″N 74°07′35″W / 40.8610°N 74.1263°W / 40.8610; -74.1263 (People's Bank and Trust Company Building) | Passaic |  |
| 27 | Public School Number Two |  | March 8, 1978
(#78001790) | Mill and Passaic Sts.
40°54′55″N 74°10′38″W / 40.915278°N 74.177222°W / 40.915278; -74.177222 (Public School Number Two) | Paterson |  |
| 28 | John W. Rea House |  | September 17, 1999
(#99001168) | 675 Goffle Rd.
40°57′26″N 74°09′43″W / 40.957222°N 74.161944°W / 40.957222; -74.161944 (John W. Rea House) | Hawthorne |  |
| 29 | Reinhardt Mills |  | May 9, 2003
(#03000393) | 283-297 21st Ave., 122-136 20th Ave., 46-72 Gray St., 45-67 State St.
40°54′28″N 74°09′43″W / 40.907778°N 74.161944°W / 40.907778; -74.161944 (Reinhardt Mills) | Paterson |  |
| 30 | Ringwood Manor |  | November 13, 1966
(#66000471) | 3 mi. E of Hewitt, Ringwood Manor State Park
41°08′40″N 74°15′10″W / 41.144444°N 74.252778°W / 41.144444; -74.252778 (Ringwood Manor) | Ringwood |  |
| 31 | Schuyler–Colfax House |  | April 3, 1973
(#73001133) | 2343 Paterson Hamburg Turnpike
40°59′15″N 74°16′47″W / 40.9875°N 74.279722°W / 40.9875; -74.279722 (Schuyler–Colfax House) | Wayne |  |
| 32 | Skylands |  | September 28, 1990
(#90001438) | Ringwood State Park
41°07′30″N 74°14′14″W / 41.125°N 74.237222°W / 41.125; -74.237222 (Skylands) | Ringwood |  |
| 33 | Reynier Speer House |  | July 18, 1985
(#85001566) | 612 Upper Mountain Ave.
40°51′37″N 74°12′11″W / 40.8604°N 74.202947°W / 40.8604; -74.202947 (Reynier Speer House) | Little Falls |  |
| 34 | St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church |  | May 7, 1982
(#82003301) | 140 Lexington Ave.
40°52′04″N 74°07′38″W / 40.867778°N 74.127222°W / 40.867778; -74.127222 (St. John's Evangelical Lutheran Church) | Passaic |  |
| 35 | St. Michael's Roman Catholic Church |  | December 15, 1978
(#78001791) | 74 Cianci St.
40°54′53″N 74°10′30″W / 40.914722°N 74.175°W / 40.914722; -74.175 (St. Michael's Roman Catholic Church) | Paterson |  |
| 36 | St. Nicholas Roman Catholic Church |  | May 14, 1979
(#79001517) | Washington, State and Ann Sts.
40°51′43″N 74°07′24″W / 40.861944°N 74.123333°W / 40.861944; -74.123333 (St. Nicholas Roman Catholic Church) | Passaic |  |
| 37 | Straight Street Bridge over the Passaic River |  | March 22, 2018
(#100002231) | Straight St. over Passaic R.
40°55′35″N 74°09′58″W / 40.926273°N 74.166015°W / 40.926273; -74.166015 (Straight Street Bridge over the Passaic River) | Paterson |  |
| 38 | Daniel Thompson and John Ryle Houses |  | July 30, 1981
(#81000398) | 8 and 9 Mill St.
40°54′59″N 74°10′42″W / 40.916389°N 74.178333°W / 40.916389; -74.178333 (Daniel Thompson and John Ryle Houses) | Paterson |  |
| 39 | United States Animal Quarantine Station |  | October 9, 1981
(#81000397) | Clifton Avenue
40°52′05″N 74°09′43″W / 40.868056°N 74.161944°W / 40.868056; -74.161944 (United States Animal Quarantine Station) | Clifton |  |
| 40 | Van Houten House |  | March 7, 1973
(#73001132) | 114 Totowa Avenue, Westside Park
40°54′48″N 74°11′26″W / 40.913333°N 74.1905°W / 40.913333; -74.1905 (Van Houten House) | Paterson |  |
| 41 | Van Riper–Hopper House |  | August 21, 1972
(#72000806) | 533 Berdan Avenue
40°58′40″N 74°14′34″W / 40.977664°N 74.242903°W / 40.977664; -74.242903 (Van Riper–Hopper House) | Wayne |  |
| 42 | John and Anna Vreeland House |  | May 13, 1982
(#82003300) | 971 Valley Road
40°52′05″N 74°11′28″W / 40.868056°N 74.191111°W / 40.868056; -74.191111 (John and Anna Vreeland House) | Clifton | Also known as the Hamilton House Museum |

## Former listing

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Date removed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Van Duyne House |  | August 12, 1971
(#71001051) | December 15, 1976 | 636 Fairfield Rd. (Original location, currently at 533 Berdan Ave.)
40°58′40″N 74°14′35″W / 40.97780°N 74.242921°W / 40.97780; -74.242921 (Van Duyne House) | Wayne | Relocated in 1974 due to relocation of NJ 23, and was delisted due to relocation. Now at the Wayne Museum, known as the Mead–Van Duyne House. |