title: Jess (programming language)

abstract: Jess is a rule engine for the Java computing platform, written in the Java programming language. It was developed by Ernest Friedman-Hill of Sandia National Laboratories. It is a superset of the CLIPS language. It was first written in late 1995. The language provides rule-based programming for the automation of an expert system, and is often termed as an expert system shell. In recent years, intelligent agent systems have also developed, which depend on a similar ability. Rather than a procedural paradigm, where one program has a loop that is activated only one time, the declarative paradigm used by Jess applies a set of rules to a set of facts continuously by a process named pattern matching. Rules can modify the set of facts, or can execute any Java code. It uses the Rete algorithm to execute rules.

text:
# Jess (programming language)

**Jess** is a rule engine for the Java computing platform, written in the Java programming language. It was developed by Ernest Friedman-Hill of Sandia National Laboratories. It is a superset of the CLIPS language. It was first written in late 1995. The language provides rule-based programming for the automation of an expert system, and is often termed as an *expert system shell*. In recent years, intelligent agent systems have also developed, which depend on a similar ability.

Rather than a procedural paradigm, where one program has a loop that is activated only one time, the declarative paradigm used by Jess applies a set of rules to a set of facts continuously by a process named *pattern matching*. Rules can modify the set of facts, or can execute any Java code. It uses the Rete algorithm to execute rules.

## License

The licensing for Jess is freeware for education and government use, and is proprietary software, needing a license, for commercial use. In contrast, CLIPS, which is the basis and starting code for Jess, is free and open-source software.

## Code examples

Code examples:

```
; is a comment

(bind ?x 100)

; x = 100

(deffunction max (?a ?b)
             (if (> ?a ?b) then ?a else ?b))

(deffacts myroom
          (furniture chair)
          (furniture table)
          (furniture bed)
          )

(deftemplate car
             (slot color)
             (slot mileage)
             (slot value)
             )

(assert (car (color red) (mileage 10000) (value 400)))

```

Sample code:

```
(clear)
(deftemplate blood-donor (slot name) (slot type))
(deffacts blood-bank ; put names & their types into [[working memory]]
          (blood-donor (name "Alice")(type "A"))
          (blood-donor (name "Agatha")(type "A"))
          (blood-donor (name "Bob")(type "B"))
          (blood-donor (name "Barbara")(type "B"))
          (blood-donor (name "Jess")(type "AB"))
          (blood-donor (name "Karen")(type "AB"))
          (blood-donor (name "Onan")(type "O"))
          (blood-donor (name "Osbert")(type "O"))
          )
(defrule can-give-to-same-type-but-not-self ; handles A > A, B > B, O > O, AB > AB, but not N1 > N1
         (blood-donor (name ?name)(type ?type))
         (blood-donor (name ?name2)(type ?type2 &:(eq ?type ?type2) &: (neq ?name ?name2) ))
         =>
         (printout t ?name " can give blood to " ?name2 crlf)
         )
(defrule O-gives-to-others-but-not-itself ; O to O cover in above rule
         (blood-donor (name ?name)(type ?type &:(eq ?type "O")))
         (blood-donor (name ?name2)(type ?type2 &: (neq ?type ?type2) &: (neq ?name ?name2) ))
         =>
         (printout t ?name " can give blood to " ?name2 crlf)
         )
(defrule A-or-B-gives-to-AB ; case O gives to AB and AB gives to AB already dealt with
         (blood-donor (name ?name)(type ?type &:(or (eq ?type "A") (eq ?type "B" ))))
         (blood-donor (name ?name2)(type ?type2 &: (eq ?type2 "AB") &: (neq ?name ?name2) ))
         =>
         (printout t ?name " can give blood to " ?name2 crlf)
         )
;(watch all)
(reset)
(run)

```

### Further sources

## InfoBox

Jess
| Developer(s) | Sandia National Laboratories |
| --- | --- |
| Initial release | 1995 (1995) |
|  | |
| Stable release | 7.1p2 / November 5, 2008 (2008-11-05) |
|  | |
| Written in | Java |
| Platform | Java |
| License | Proprietary, public domain |
| Website | www.jessrules.com |


title: Nagykörű

abstract: Nagykörű is a village in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary.

text:
# Nagykörű

**Nagykörű** is a village in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok county, in the Northern Great Plain region of central Hungary.

## Location

The village is located on the right bank of River Tisza, 25 kilometres away to the northeast from Szolnok. It can be approached on road by scheduled overland bus from the west, by ferry from the direction of Fegyvernek (from the east), or by bicycle on Tisza-dam.

## History

Nagykörű got its name because it was almost completely compassed by Tisza before the river control. The settlement was rising as an isle among the neighboring river meadows. The first written document of Nagykörű monastery derives from year 1212. The village itself was founded at the beginning of the 14th century, and it belonged to the property of Ban Lothar of Gutkeled.

The estate called Kürümonostora was endowed by King Charles Robert in 1318 to Peter Kompolty, chamberlain of the queen. Owing to its geographic position, Nagykörű managed to survive the Turkish rule successfully. According to the legend, the Turkish troops were lost in the marsh on 19 July 1530 (day of Elijah). After expelling Turks, the Treasury and an Austrian officer called Enczinger became holders of the village.

In the middle of 18th century, Nagykörű started to develop spectacularly. The first vineyard was planted on Homok (sandy soil) by Baron Lőrinc Orczy in 1751. Thanks to landlord György Petrovay, this place became the cultivation area of the famous Germersdorf cherry in the second half of 19th century. Nagykörű owns title "Cherry garden of Hungary" as the biggest (200 hectares) cherry garden of the country can be found here. Cherry of Nagykörű is a trade-mark.

## Ethnic groups

In 2001, according to the census, 94 percent of the population avowed themselves Hungarian, while 6 percent of the population avowed themselves Roma.

## The present

Worldwide famous cherry of Nagykörű is considered to be the cost-of-living source of inhabitants. Cherry is principally grown for export. Meanwhile, villageous tourism is also prospering. The ratio of resident population is decreasing, whereas fourth of the houses are used as holiday resorts. The surrounding neighborhood is a real paradise for tourists, line-fishermen, and bathers.

## InfoBox

| Nagykörű | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
|  | |
| Nagykörű | |
| Coordinates: 47°16′35″N 20°26′50″E / 47.27639°N 20.44722°E / 47.27639; 20.44722 | |
| Country | Hungary |
| County | Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok |
| District | Szolnok |
| Area | |
| Total | 42.81 km2 (16.53 sq mi) |
| Population (2016) | |
| Total | 1,557 |
| Density | 38.93/km2 (100.8/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 5065 |
| Area code(s) | (+36) 56 |


title: Michel Bernholc

abstract: Michel Bernholc was a French composer, arranger and producer. Using the pseudonym Mike Steïphenson, he wrote and produced the 1971 hit "Burundi Black", which made #31 on the UK Singles Chart and #74 in Australia. He also wrote the Victoire Scott song "La Licorne D’or", which was covered by the Swedish symphonic metal band Therion on their fifteenth full-length musical album Les Fleurs du Mal. In 2002, Bernholc committed suicide by shooting himself in the head.

text:
# Michel Bernholc

**Michel Bernholc** (Paris, 10 July 1941 – Montreuil 5 June 2002) was a French composer, arranger and producer. Using the pseudonym **Mike Steïphenson**, he wrote and produced the 1971 hit "Burundi Black", which made #31 on the UK Singles Chart and #74 in Australia.

He also wrote the Victoire Scott song "La Licorne D’or", which was covered by the Swedish symphonic metal band Therion on their fifteenth full-length musical album Les Fleurs du Mal.

In 2002, Bernholc committed suicide by shooting himself in the head.

## InfoBox

| Michel Bernholc | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Michel Bernholc |
| Also known as | Burundi Steïphenson Black<br>Mike Steïphenson |
| Born | (1941-07-10)10 July 1941 |
| Origin | France |
| Died | 5 June 2002(2002-06-05) (aged 60) |
| Labels | Barclay Records |


abstract: Princely count William III of Henneberg-Schleusingen was a member of the House of Henneberg. He was the son of William II of Henneberg and Catherine of Hanau. William III inherited the princely county of Henneberg in 1440, when his father died in a hunting accident. In 1469, he married Margaret, the daughter of Duke Henry the Peaceful of Brunswick-Lüneburg. In 1463 or 1464, the imperial city of Schweinfurt transferred the office of Imperial bailiff to William and made him patron of the city. This combination of competencies offered Schweinfurt some degree of protection against the Bishopric of Würzburg. Apparently out of personal piety, William promoted pilgrimages and founded churches and monasteries. William died in 1480 in Salorno, when he was returning from Rome. His grave stone can be found in the Assumption of Mary Church in Bolzano, near the altar. In 1482, his body was transferred to the Henneberg family vault in the church of the monastery at Kloster Veßra. The epitaph in Bolzano was sculpted by Erasmus Forster in Gardolo near Trento and installed in the Church in 1495 or 1496. Like his father, he left only underage children, including his heir, William IV. His widow, however, succeeded in securing their inheritance.

text:
# William III, Princely count of Henneberg-Schleusingen

Princely count **William III of Henneberg-Schleusingen** (12 March 1434  25 May 1480 in Salorno) was a member of the House of Henneberg. He was the son of William II of Henneberg and Catherine of Hanau. William III inherited the princely county of Henneberg in 1440, when his father died in a hunting accident. In 1469, he married Margaret (1451  13 February 1509), the daughter of Duke Henry the Peaceful of Brunswick-Lüneburg.

In 1463 or 1464, the imperial city of Schweinfurt transferred the office of Imperial bailiff to William and made him patron of the city. This combination of competencies offered Schweinfurt some degree of protection against the Bishopric of Würzburg. Apparently out of personal piety, William promoted pilgrimages and founded churches and monasteries.

William died in 1480 in Salorno, when he was returning from Rome. His grave stone can be found in the Assumption of Mary Church in Bolzano, near the altar. In 1482, his body was transferred to the Henneberg family vault in the church of the monastery at Kloster Veßra. The epitaph in Bolzano was sculpted by Erasmus Forster in Gardolo near Trento and installed in the Church in 1495 or 1496. Like his father, he left only underage children, including his heir, William IV. His widow, however, succeeded in securing their inheritance.

## Footnotes

## InfoBox

| William III, Princely count of Henneberg-Schleusingen | |
| --- | --- |
| Wilhelm III's Tombstone, Gothic Cathedral in Bolzano | |
| Born | 12 March 1434 |
| Died | 25 May 1480(1480-05-25) (aged 46)<br>Salorno |
| Buried | Assumption of Mary Church in Bolzano |
| Noble family | House of Henneberg |
| Father | William II, Princely count of Henneberg-Schleusingen |
| Mother | Catherine of Hanau |


title: Fiorenza Bassoli

abstract: Fiorenza Bassoli was an Italian politician. Bassoli was born in Reggiolo on 9 August 1948. She began her political career affiliated with the Italian Communist Party, and later joined its successors the Democratic Party of the Left, Democrats of the Left and the Democratic Party. She was a member of the council of Sesto San Giovanni, then served as the first woman mayor of the comune between 1985 and 1994, succeeding Libero Biagi. Bassoli was subsequently elected to the Regional Council of Lombardy, in office from 1995 to 2005. She then served in the Senate from 2006 to 2013. Bassoli died in Milan on 5 July 2020, aged 71.

text:
# Fiorenza Bassoli

**Fiorenza Bassoli** (9 August 1948 – 5 July 2020) was an Italian politician.

Bassoli was born in Reggiolo on 9 August 1948. She began her political career affiliated with the Italian Communist Party, and later joined its successors the Democratic Party of the Left, Democrats of the Left and the Democratic Party. She was a member of the council of Sesto San Giovanni, then served as the first woman mayor of the comune between 1985 and 1994, succeeding Libero Biagi. Bassoli was subsequently elected to the Regional Council of Lombardy, in office from 1995 to 2005. She then served in the Senate from 2006 to 2013.

Bassoli died in Milan on 5 July 2020, aged 71.

## InfoBox

| Fiorenza Bassoli | |
| --- | --- |
| Fiorenza Bassoli | |
|  | |
| Senator of the Republic | |
| **In office**
26 April 2008  14 March 2013 | |
| Member of the Regional Council of Lombardy | |
| **In office**
1995–2005 | |
| Mayor of Sesto San Giovanni | |
| **In office**
13 May 1985  12 June 1994 | |
| Preceded by | Libero Biagi |
| Succeeded by | Filippo Penati |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1948-08-09)9 August 1948
Reggiolo |
| Died | 5 July 2020(2020-07-05) (aged 71)
Milan |
| Political party | PD |
| Other political
affiliations | PCI
PDS
DS |
|  | |


title: Michael Noble, Baron Glenkinglas

abstract: Michael Antony Cristobal Noble, Baron Glenkinglas, PC was a Scottish Conservative and Unionist politician. Noble was the youngest son of Sir John Noble, 1st Baronet, and the grandson of Sir Andrew Noble, 1st Baronet, and was educated at Eton College and Magdalen College, Oxford. A farmer, he was president of the Black Face Sheep Breeders' Association and the Highland Cattle Society. He was an Argyll County Councillor and a director of Associated Fisheries. From a by-election in June 1958 until his retirement in 1974 he was Member of Parliament for Argyll. Noble was a Scottish whip from 1960 and Lord Commissioner of the Treasury from 1961. He was Secretary of State for Scotland from 1962 to 1964 in the governments of Harold Macmillan and Alec Douglas-Home, taking over from John Maclay after the Night of the Long Knives. He returned to government as President of the Board of Trade in 1970 and as Minister for Trade from 1970 to 1972 under Edward Heath. As Scottish Secretary, he presided over the last execution in Scotland when Henry John Burnett was hanged at Craiginches Prison in Aberdeen on the morning of 15 August 1963 by the hangman Harry Allen for the murder of merchant seaman Thomas Guyan. On 3 May 1974 Noble was elevated with a life peerage as Baron Glenkinglas, of Cairndow in the County of Argyll. Although he was a good 25 years younger than the architectural historian Harry Stuart Goodhart-Rendel, the two had a very friendly feud. Noble is said to have joked that they were "best of enemies." He died in May 1984, aged 71.

text:
# Michael Noble, Baron Glenkinglas

**Michael Antony Cristobal Noble, Baron Glenkinglas**, PC (13 March 1913 – 15 May 1984) was a Scottish Conservative and Unionist politician.

Noble was the youngest son of Sir John Noble, 1st Baronet, and the grandson of Sir Andrew Noble, 1st Baronet, and was educated at Eton College and Magdalen College, Oxford. A farmer, he was president of the Black Face Sheep Breeders' Association and the Highland Cattle Society. He was an Argyll County Councillor and a director of Associated Fisheries.

From a by-election in June 1958 until his retirement in 1974 he was Member of Parliament for Argyll.

Noble was a Scottish whip from 1960 and Lord Commissioner of the Treasury from 1961. He was Secretary of State for Scotland from 1962 to 1964 in the governments of Harold Macmillan and Alec Douglas-Home, taking over from John Maclay after the *Night of the Long Knives*. He returned to government as President of the Board of Trade in 1970 and as Minister for Trade from 1970 to 1972 under Edward Heath.

As Scottish Secretary, he presided over the last execution in Scotland when Henry John Burnett was hanged at Craiginches Prison in Aberdeen on the morning of 15 August 1963 by the hangman Harry Allen for the murder of merchant seaman Thomas Guyan.

On 3 May 1974 Noble was elevated with a life peerage as **Baron Glenkinglas**, of Cairndow in the County of Argyll.

Although he was a good 25 years younger than the architectural historian Harry Stuart Goodhart-Rendel, the two had a very friendly feud. Noble is said to have joked that they were "best of enemies."

He died in May 1984, aged 71.

## Bibliography

* Torrance, David, *The Scottish Secretaries* (Birlinn 2006)
* Kidd, Charles, Williamson, David (editors). *Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage* (1990 edition). New York: St Martin's Press, 1990, ,

## InfoBox

| The Right HonourableThe Lord GlenkinglasPC | |
| --- | --- |
| Photograph of Noble by Elliott & Fry,
taken 26 September 1962. | |
|  | |
| President of the Board of Trade | |
| **In office**
20 June 1970  15 October 1970 | |
| Prime Minister | Edward Heath |
| Preceded by | Roy Mason |
| Succeeded by | John Davies |
| Secretary of State for Scotland | |
| **In office**
13 July 1962  16 October 1964 | |
| Prime Minister | Harold Macmillan
Alec Douglas-Home |
| Preceded by | John Maclay |
| Succeeded by | William Ross |
| Lord Commissioner of the Treasury | |
| **In office**
29 November 1961  13 July 1962 | |
| Prime Minister | Harold Macmillan |
| Preceded by | Robin Chichester-Clark |
| Succeeded by | Gordon Campbell |
| Member of Parliament
for Argyll | |
| **In office**
12 June 1958  8 February 1974 | |
| Preceded by | Duncan McCallum |
| Succeeded by | Iain MacCormick |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1913-03-13)13 March 1913
Las Palmas, Canary Islands, Spain |
| Died | 15 May 1984(1984-05-15) (aged 71)
Cairndow, Argyll and Bute, Scotland |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Spouse | Anne Pearson |
| Children | 4 |
| Alma mater | Magdalen College, Oxford |
| Profession | Landowner, farmer |
|  | |


title: Rhynchopyga

abstract: Rhynchopyga is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae.

text:
# Rhynchopyga

***Rhynchopyga*** is a genus of moths in the subfamily Arctiinae.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Rhynchopyga* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Rhynchopyga elongatus* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Rhynchopyga*<br>Felder, 1874 |
|


title: Pakistan Society of Neuro-Oncology

abstract: The Pakistan Society of Neuro-Oncology (PASNO) is Pakistan's first scientific society dedicated to neuro-oncology. It was created to bring together experts from within and outside Pakistan to improve the care of patients with tumors of the brain and spinal cord, and provide a platform for research, teaching and training activities related to neuro-oncology in Pakistan. PASNO is chartered by the Government of Pakistan and is a non-profit society. The society's inaugural symposium was attended by over 50 speakers from 13 countries.

text:
# Pakistan Society of Neuro-Oncology

The **Pakistan Society of Neuro-Oncology** (**PASNO**) is Pakistan's first scientific society dedicated to neuro-oncology. It was created to bring together experts from within and outside Pakistan to improve the care of patients with tumors of the brain and spinal cord, and provide a platform for research, teaching and training activities related to neuro-oncology in Pakistan. PASNO is chartered by the Government of Pakistan and is a non-profit society.

The society's inaugural symposium was attended by over 50 speakers from 13 countries.


title: Renata Mauro

abstract: Renata Mauro was an Italian singer, actress and television presenter for RAI, the Italian state broadcaster. She became known to international audiences for hosting game show Jeux Sans Frontières 1967 to 1970 and the Eurovision Song Contest when it was held in the Italian city of Naples in 1965.

text:
# Renata Mauro

**Renata Mauro** (born **Renata Maraolo**; 17 May 1934  28 March 2009) was an Italian singer, actress and television presenter for RAI, the Italian state broadcaster.

She became known to international audiences for hosting game show *Jeux Sans Frontières* 1967 to 1970 and the Eurovision Song Contest when it was held in the Italian city of Naples in 1965.

## Filmography

Media related to Renata Mauro at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Renata Mauro | |
| --- | --- |
| Mauro in 1968 | |
| Born | Renata Maraolo
(1934-05-17)17 May 1934
Milan, Lombardy, Italy |
| Died | 28 March 2009(2009-03-28) (aged 74)
Biella, Piedmont, Italy |
| Occupations | * Television presenter * actress * singer |
| Employer | RAI |
| Known for | Hosting *Jeux Sans Frontières* and the Eurovision Song Contest 1965 |


title: Jess Atkinson

abstract: Jess Gerald Atkinson is a former American football placekicker in the National Football League (NFL) for the St. Louis Cardinals, New York Giants, Washington Redskins, and the Indianapolis Colts. He played college football at the University of Maryland. Since his departure from WUSA, he has gone into different ventures, many of which keep him closely associated with his alma mater. His most recent venture is the production of the television series Terrapins Rising, which is a reality show about the Maryland Terrapins football team that airs on Comcast Sportsnet.

text:
# Jess Atkinson

**Jess Gerald Atkinson** (born December 11, 1961) is a former American football placekicker in the National Football League (NFL) for the St. Louis Cardinals, New York Giants, Washington Redskins, and the Indianapolis Colts. He played college football at the University of Maryland.

Since his departure from WUSA, he has gone into different ventures, many of which keep him closely associated with his alma mater. His most recent venture is the production of the television series *Terrapins Rising*, which is a reality show about the Maryland Terrapins football team that airs on Comcast Sportsnet.

## InfoBox

Jess Atkinson
| No. 10, 12, 4, 14 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position: | Placekicker |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1961-12-11) December 11, 1961<br>Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S. |
| Height: | 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) |
| Weight: | 165 lb (75 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Crossland |
| College: | Maryland |
| Undrafted: | 1985 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: Yusif ibn Kuseyir Mausoleum

abstract: The Mausoleum of Yusif ibn Kuseyir was built in 1161–1162, in Nakchivan city. Architect of the mausoleum was Ajami ibn Abubakr Nakhchivani. The mausoleums of Nakhichevan was nominated for List of World Heritage Sites, UNESCO in 1998 by Gulnara Mehmandarova – president of Azerbaijan Committee of ICOMOS—International Council on Monuments and Sites.

text:
# Yusif ibn Kuseyir Mausoleum

The **Mausoleum of Yusif ibn Kuseyir** was built in 1161–1162, in Nakchivan city. Architect of the mausoleum was Ajami ibn Abubakr Nakhchivani.

The mausoleums of Nakhichevan was nominated for List of World Heritage Sites, UNESCO in 1998 by Gulnara Mehmandarova – president of Azerbaijan Committee of ICOMOSInternational Council on Monuments and Sites.

## Architecture

This small octagonal building was constructed from baked brick and finished with a pyramid-shaped roof. There is a large line with ligature written in kufi script from Quran on the top of the mausoleum. The western edge of the mausoleum slightly differs. The top of the mausoleum is decorated with geometric ornaments, under which is located a construction ligature. It indicates the name of a buried person and the construction date of the mausoleum. Internal space of the mausoleum is vaulted and divided into cells. Ajami ibn Abubakr Nakhchivani's name is written on the upper side of the first edge, in the left side of the entrance.

39°12′6.79″N 45°24′50″E / 39.2018861°N 45.41389°E / 39.2018861; 45.41389

## InfoBox

Yusif ibn Kuseyir Mausoleum
| Yusif Küseyir oğlu türbəsi | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Nakhchivan, Azerbaijan |
| Designer | Ajami Nakhchivani |
| Type | Mausoleum |
| Beginning date | 1161–1162 |
| Dedicated to | Yusif ibn Kuseyir |


title: Montmirail, Sarthe

abstract: Montmirail is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France.

text:
# Montmirail, Sarthe

**Montmirail** (French pronunciation: \[mɔ̃miʁaj\]) is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire in north-western France.

## InfoBox

| Montmirail | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The château of Montmirail | |
| Location of Montmirail | |
| MontmirailMontmirail | |
| Coordinates: 48°06′13″N 0°47′29″E / 48.1036°N 0.7914°E / 48.1036; 0.7914 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Pays de la Loire |
| Department | Sarthe |
| Arrondissement | Mamers |
| Canton | Saint-Calais |
| Intercommunality | Pays de l'Huisne Sarthoise |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Jean Dumur |
| Area**1** | 12.53 km2 (4.84 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 372 |
| Density | 30/km2 (77/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 72208 /72320 |
| Elevation | 122–227 m (400–745 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Pascal van der Graaf

abstract: Pascal van der Graaf is a Dutch artist who lives and works in Taiwan. He is best known for his landscapes, seascapes and still-life paintings painted in a variety of techniques. His work has been exhibited nationally and internationally.

text:
# Pascal van der Graaf

**Pascal van der Graaf** (born 19 March 1979, Dordrecht) is a Dutch artist who lives and works in Taiwan. He is best known for his landscapes, seascapes and still-life paintings painted in a variety of techniques. His work has been exhibited nationally and internationally.

## Biography

In 2001 Van der Graaf graduated at the Academy Minerva (Hanze University of applied sciences, Groningen) as an independent artist. After his graduation Van der Graaf received several grants for his paintings and won the prestigious Royal Award for Modern Painting in 2007. The Royal Award is annually presented to encourage talented young painters active in the Netherlands.

In 2015 Van der Graaf visited Asian countries such as Macau, China, Japan and Taiwan for the first time. These places inspired him in usage of their philosophy and art. He fell in love with Asia and decided to emigrate to Taiwan in 2016.

## Work

Van der Graaf is known for being a painter who uses many different techniques to give expression to the subjects he paints. He paints traditional subject such as landscapes, seascapes, still-life and portraits. According to van der Graaf “Painting demands commitment, it cannot be a neutral formalistic exercise”

## Grants and Prizes

* 2010 Projectsubsidie Nederlandse Ambassade Egypte
* 2008 Basisstipendium Fonds BKVB
* 2008 Nominatie Koninklijke prijs voor de Schilderkunst
* 2007 Koninklijke prijs voor de Schilderkunst
* 2004 Startstipendium Fonds BKVB
* 2003 Startstipendium Fonds BKVB

## Exhibitions (selection)

2016

* Kunstruimte Wagemans, The Netherlands
* Macpro Gallery, Macau.

2015

* We Like Art, Art Rotterdam, The Netherlands
* Kunstruimte Wagemans, Art Rotterdam, The Netherlands
* Das Buch, Galerie Roy, Zülpich Germany

2014

* Don’t feed the Animals, Galerie Tsjalling, Groningen The Netherlands
* Basement Project, The Basement, Groningen, The Netherlands
* NOK, Kunstruimte Wagemans, Beetserzwaag, The Netherlands
* Quake, Kunstruimte Wagemans, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

2013

* Drewes de Wit, Pascal van der Graaf and Jan Blank, Kunstruimte Wagemans, Beetsterzwaag, The Netherlands
* Bakkes, Kunstruimte Beesteszwaag, The Netherlands

2012

* Oude Helden, Academie Minerva, Groningen, The Netherlands
* NOK, Kunstruimte Wagemans, Beetserzwaag, The Neterherlands
* Art Amsterdam, Kunstruimte Wagemans, The Netherlands

2011

* Biënnale Cairo, Egypt
* Kunstruimte Wagemans, Realisme Beurs Amsterdam, the Netherlands
* Shaken not stirred, Hot Prospects!, Leusden, The Netherlands

2010

* Past - present – Future, Hot Prospects!, Utrecht, The Netherlands
* Kunstruimte Wagemans Art Amsterdam, the Netherlands
* NOK, Museum Belvédère, The Netherlands

2009

* Galerie Maurits van de Laar Art Rotterdam, The Netherlands
* Kunstruimte Wagemans, Beetsterzwaag, The Netherlands
* Art Amsterdam, Kunstruimte Wagemans, The Netherlands

2008

* GeM (Museum voor Actuele Kunst) Koninklijke Prijs voor de Vrije Schilderkunst, The Hague, the Netherlands
* Nieuwe Uitleenschatten, CBK Groningen, The Netherlands
* Apokalupsis Eschaton, NP3, Groningen, The Netherlands
* NOK, Nationaal Rijtuigmuseum, Leek, The Netherlands
* Gijs Assmann and Pascal van der Graaf, Galerie 10, Utrecht, The Netherlands
* Pascal van der Graaf, Ingrid van der Hoeven and Justin Wijers, Galerie Maurits van de Laar, The Hague, The Netherlands
* Laag 52, Galerie De Aanschouw, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

2007

* Koninklijke Prijs Voor Vrije Schilderkunst, GEM, The Hague, The Netherlands


title: Mickey McGuire (ice hockey)

abstract: Frank Stewart "Mickey" McGuire was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who played 36 games in the National Hockey League for the Pittsburgh Pirates. He was born in Gravenhurst, Ontario. After retiring from hockey, McGuire became a competitive bowler, residing in Windsor, Ontario. He also worked for Chrysler. He died in 1968 after a long illness at a hospital in Windsor, Ontario.

text:
# Mickey McGuire (ice hockey)

**Frank Stewart "Mickey" McGuire** (July 7, 1898 – May 23, 1968) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who played 36 games in the National Hockey League for the Pittsburgh Pirates. He was born in Gravenhurst, Ontario.

After retiring from hockey, McGuire became a competitive bowler, residing in Windsor, Ontario. He also worked for Chrysler. He died in 1968 after a long illness at a hospital in Windsor, Ontario.

## Career statistics

### Regular season and playoffs

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1920–21 | Timmins Gold Miners | GBHL | |  |  |  |  |  | | 2 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
| 1921–22 | Timmins Gold Miners | GBHL | |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1922–23 | Porcupine Gold Miners | GBHL | |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1923–24 | Cleveland Indians | USAHA | | 20 | 11 | 5 | 16 |  | | 8 | 1 | 1 | 2 |  |
| 1924–25 | Cleveland Blues | USAHA | | 38 | 9 | 0 | 9 |  | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1925–26 | Minneapolis Millers | CHL | | 29 | 6 | 5 | 11 | 58 | | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 8 |
| 1926–27 | Pittsburgh Pirates | NHL | | 32 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 6 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1927–28 | Pittsburgh Pirates | NHL | | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1927–28 | Windsor Hornets | Can-Pro | | 33 | 16 | 3 | 19 | 31 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1928–29 | Windsor Hornets | Can-Pro | | 18 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 4 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1928–29 | London Panthers | Can-Pro | | 21 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 18 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1929–30 | Cleveland Indians | IHL | | 39 | 11 | 6 | 17 | 30 | | 6 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1930–31 | Cleveland Indians | IHL | | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1930–31 | Pittsburgh Yellow Jackets | IHL | | 39 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 31 | | 5 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| 1931–32 | Cleveland Indians | IHL | | 18 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| NHL totals | | | | 36 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 6 | |  |  |  |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Mickey McGuire | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| McGuire with Cleveland Indians in 1929 | | | |
| Born | (1898-07-07)July 7, 1898
Gravenhurst, Ontario, Canada | | |
| Died | May 23, 1968(1968-05-23) (aged 69)
Windsor, Ontario, Canada | | |
| Height | 5 ft 10 in (178 cm) | | |
| Weight | 158 lb (72 kg; 11 st 4 lb) | | |
| Position | Left wing | | |
| Shot | Left | | |
| Played for | Pittsburgh Pirates | | |
| Playing career | 19241932 | | |


title: Rheinhotel Dreesen

abstract: The Rheinhotel Dreesen is a Hotel in Rüngsdorf, a sub-district of Bad Godesberg, which is a municipal district of the city of Bonn, Germany. The building was established at the end of the 19th century. It is notable for its striking facade, its historical significance and its numerous prominent guests. The hotel is still operated by the original innkeeper family.

text:
# Rheinhotel Dreesen

The **Rheinhotel Dreesen** is a Hotel in Rüngsdorf, a sub-district of Bad Godesberg, which is a municipal district of the city of Bonn, Germany. The building was established at the end of the 19th century. It is notable for its striking facade, its historical significance and its numerous prominent guests. The hotel is still operated by the original innkeeper family.

## History

The hotel was built between 1893 and 1894 by converting a former restaurant on the bank of the Rhine according to the building plans of architect Georg Westen (1851–1921) for the founder of the hotel – Friedrich Dreesen (1858-1912). On August 16, 1894, he received the business license for the new company. The Dreesen family had come to Rüngsdorf in 1770 and had been active in the hospitality business since the middle of the 18th century. The hotel was expanded in a second phase of construction in 1900.

The Dreesen Rheinhotel advertised itself early on with modern quality standards, unique music events, and a location on the river, in an attempt to set itself apart from competitors like the "Hotel Königshof" and the "Godesberger Hof". The reputation of the Hotel grew and brought guests like Crown Prince Wilhelm, President Friedrich Ebert, Paul von Hindenburg, Gustav Stresemann, Walter Rathenau, Charlie Chaplin, Hans Albers, Greta Garbo, and Marlene Dietrich. The hotel was able to withstand the economic challenges of the 1920s and numerous floods. In 1925 the hotel underwent extensive renovations following the architectural plans of Christopher Brüggermann.

At his first visit to the hotel in 1926 Adolf Hitler checked in as a "staatenloser Schriftsteller", meaning "stateless author". He returned there often afterwards. On the night of June 29-30, 1934 Hitler met with Joseph Goebbels and Sepp Dietrich in preparation for the Night of the Long Knives. In September 1938 he moved the negotiations with prime minister Chamberlain regarding the Sudetenland crisis to the Hotel Dreesen. The hotel owner at the time was considered a "Half-Jew" according to Nazi ideology and the Nuremberg laws, and had a Jewish sister-in-law as well as numerous Jewish relatives. Nonetheless, he was able to run his business unmolested. According to an informant of the American journalist Nora Waln, who stayed in the hotel in the summer of 1934 immediately after Hitler, the owner at the time was "a childhood friend of the Führer". William L. Shirer, an American journalist visiting the hotel in 1938, referred to the owner as "an early Nazi crony of Hitler". In 1934, under the direction of local architect Willy Maß, the 2000 m2 terrace ("Kastaniengarten") was fitted with an (at that time unique) electricity-powered glass roof. At the beginning of the war in 1939 the hotel was seized by the German armed forces and served as a headquarters of the army high command under General Fedor von Bock. In February 1943, it became temporary accommodation for South and Central American diplomats under the French Vichy Regime while continuing to operate as a hotel. After the diplomats' departure in 1944/1945 it was mainly used by French officers. During this time, from April 1944 at the latest, it functioned as a satellite camp of Buchenwald concentration camp under the cover name "Winzerstube" and was under military guard.

In March 1945, General Richard Schimpf moved into the hotel, only to hand over Godesberg to the American troops the next day. The hotel then became the quarters of the American commander-in-chief and later President of the United States, Dwight D. Eisenhower. After July 1945 the confiscated hotel was available as a convalescent home for the British Royal Air Force, and briefly from 1946 for the Belgian armed forces. From December 1946 it served as accommodation for displaced people. After Bonn was established as the seat of government of West Germany in 1949, the hotel was designated as the headquarters of the allied high commissions (France, USA, Great Britain). To accommodate this purpose the state of North Rhine-Westphalia ordered the Federal Capital Office to convert the hotel by equipping it with 110 offices covering an area of 3320 m2. The requisition took place on July 15. By the end of July, half of the 363 refugees previously housed here had been relocated to Niederbreisig. On September 10, the conversion and renovation of the hotel was completed. Contrary to previous plans, it served exclusively as the seat of the French High Commission under André François-Poncet — the first to take up its work in the Bonn area.

The hotel was reopened on November 17, 1952. The Rheinhotel Dreesen accommodated numerous diplomats in the first decade of its resumed operation, before most states opened an official embassy in the Federal Republic of Germany with their own residence.

Now run by the 5th generation of the Dreesen family, the hotel was one of the founding members of the "*Ringhotels*" hotel partnership in 1973.

50°41′02″N 7°10′32″E / 50.6838°N 7.1756°E / 50.6838; 7.1756


title: Palaemonias

abstract:
The genus Palaemonias comprises two species of endangered, albinistic, obligate cave shrimp:
  - Alabama cave shrimp – Palaemonias alabamae Smalley, 1961
  - Kentucky cave shrimp – Palaemonias ganteri Hay, 1901

text:
# Palaemonias

The genus ***Palaemonias*** comprises two species of endangered, albinistic, obligate cave shrimp:

## InfoBox

| *Palaemonias* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Kentucky cave shrimp (Palaemonias ganteri) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Malacostraca |
| Order: | Decapoda |
| Suborder: | Pleocyemata |
| Infraorder: | Caridea |
| Family: | Atyidae |
| Genus: | *Palaemonias*<br>Hay, 1901 |
|


title: Republic without republicans

abstract: The term republic without republicans refers to a situation in which a state is a republic, yet there is little or no supporting republicanism to be found amongst the population and/or the political elite. In such a situation, most people would actually prefer to found a new monarchy or restore an abolished dynasty, or – in a broader sense – oppose democracy.

text:
# Republic without republicans

The term **republic without republicans** refers to a situation in which a state is a republic, yet there is little or no supporting republicanism to be found amongst the population and/or the political elite. In such a situation, most people would actually prefer to found a new monarchy or restore an abolished dynasty, or – in a broader sense – oppose democracy.

## Germany

In historiography, the Weimar Republic (1919–1933) is often branded a republic without republicans. According to professor of modern European history Jeffrey Herf of the University of Maryland, College Park, this is because nobody in interwar Germany from the political right, centre or left was really pleased with it:

1. Right-wing intellectuals and political parties rejected parliamentary democracy as un-German, and associated the Weimar Republic with national humiliation and the military defeat of World War I;
2. Disappointed social democrats felt compelled to found a democracy together with the right on socially conservative foundations, because of the threat of a radical left communist revolution;
3. Communists felt that the social democrats had betrayed the labour movement, and that the Weimar Republic barely improved social conditions. They continued plotting the launch of a revolution to establish a soviet republic (as had been briefly achieved in 1919 in Munich and Bremen).

This lack of commitment to, and even opposition to, republican and democratic values in society, primarily coming from what is termed the 'conservative revolution', would largely pave the way for Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party to seize power in 1933, replacing the Weimar Republic with the Third Reich.

A famous historical cartoon by Thomas Theodor Heine that strengthens the idea of a republicanless Weimar Republic appeared in the magazine *Simplicissimus* of 21 March 1927: Germans from different social classes are carrying the letters "REPUBLIK"; the adjoining caption reads: *Sie tragen die Buchstaben der Firma – aber wer trägt den Geist?* ("They are carrying the company's letters, but who is carrying the spirit?").

The term itself is much older than interwar Germany. In 1804, the German reactionary monarchist August von Kotzebue already called the Cisrhenian Republic (1797–1802) a *Republik ohne Republikaner*.

## France

At the opening of the British House of Commons on 1 February 1849, Benjamin Disraeli, one of the three Conservative opposition leaders, said about the French Second Republic (1848–1852):

> Look at the state of France, look at the state of the whole centre of Europe... I find in France a Republic without Republicans, in Germany an Empire without an Emperor, and this is progress!!...

The term has also been applied to the French Third Republic (1870–1940) in 1873.


title: Jimmy Bates

abstract: Thomas James Edward Bates was an Australian rules footballer for the Essendon Football Club and a boundary umpire in the Victorian Football League.

text:
# Jimmy Bates

**Thomas James Edward Bates** (25 June 1910  6 October 2009) was an Australian rules footballer for the Essendon Football Club and a boundary umpire in the Victorian Football League.

## Playing career

Bates played just one game in the VFL. Recruited to the Essendon seconds from Nathalia, he filled in as a wingman replacing Tom Clarke who was ill with the flu, and played his only league game on 6 May 1933, against St Kilda at Windy Hill.

In Bates' own words: "I played one game, had one kick and got paid three quid." Unhappy with his performance, Bates retired from football immediately after the game, and returned to his favoured sport of competitive running, winning the Keilor Gift in 1939.

## Umpiring career

Bates was appointed to the VFL list of boundary umpires for the 1941 season. He made his debut in the round 1 match Footscray versus Hawthorn earning Heritage Number 256. By the end of the season he had officiated in 13 league games.

A postal employee by trade, Bates volunteered for the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) on 27 January 1942 and was posted to 2 Australian Base Postal Unit St.Kilda. Despite a Melbourne posting he did not return to umpiring that season. In August 1942 he sailed for New Guinea, returning in December 1943. While overseas he contracted malaria for which he was hospitalised on his return. He was discharged from the AIF in June 1944.

Before his death on 6 October 2009, Bates was the oldest surviving VFL/AFL player.

## InfoBox

| Jimmy Bates | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Thomas James Edward Bates | | |
| Date of birth | (1910-06-25)25 June 1910 | | |
| Place of birth | Nathalia | | |
| Date of death | 6 October 2009(2009-10-06) (aged 99) | | |
| Original team(s) | Nathalia | | |
| Position(s) | Wing | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |  |
| 1933 | Essendon | 1 (0) |  |
| Umpiring career | | | |
| Years | **League** | **Role** | **Games** |
| 1941 | VFL | Boundary umpire | 13 |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1933. | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Rajendra Prasad (pulmonologist)

abstract:
Rajendra Prasad is a chest physician and professor of Pulmonary Medicine based in Lucknow.
He is an MBBS (1974) and MD (1979) from King George's Medical College which was then under University of Lucknow. After some time he joined same institution as faculty member and later became head of department of Pulmonary Medicine department of King George's Medical University. He also worked as director of U.P. Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute. Now he is working as Director Medical Education and Professor & Head of Department, Pulmonary Medicine of Era University's ERA's Lucknow Medical College and also doing private practice at his clinic at Lucknow's Aliganj area.

text:
# Rajendra Prasad (pulmonologist)

**Rajendra Prasad** is a chest physician and professor of Pulmonary Medicine based in Lucknow. He is an MBBS (1974) and MD (1979) from King George's Medical College which was then under University of Lucknow. After some time he joined same institution as faculty member and later became head of department of Pulmonary Medicine department of King George's Medical University. He also worked as director of U.P. Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research and Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute (University of Delhi). Now he is working as Director Medical Education and Professor & Head of Department, Pulmonary Medicine of Era University's ERA's Lucknow Medical College and also doing private practice at his clinic at Lucknow's Aliganj area.

## Awards

## InfoBox

| Prof. (Dr.) Rajendra Prasad | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 17.02.1950
Basti |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Title | Professor, doctor |
| Awards | Dr. B. C. Roy Award |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Education | King George's Medical University, University of Lucknow |
| Academic work | |
| Institutions | ERA's Lucknow Medical College, Era University
Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi
U.P. Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
King George's Medical University |
|  | |
| Website | http://www.drrajendraprasad.com |


title: Nabukelevu

abstract: Nabukelevu is a volcano located on the southwest portion of Kadavu Island in Fiji. It is 805 metres (2,641 ft) tall, and last erupted around 1660. It has formed lava domes Nabukelevu is the only area in west Kadavu Island that retains extensive old-growth forest. A 2,900 hectares area centred on Nabukelevu is the Nabukelevu Important Bird Area. It supports populations of vulnerable Collared Petrel and Crimson shining parrot, and near threatened Whistling fruit dove and Kadavu fantail. The Collared Petrel breeding site and unique landscape of the mountain contribute to its national significance as outlined in Fiji's Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan.

text:
# Nabukelevu

**Nabukelevu** is a volcano located on the southwest portion of Kadavu Island in Fiji. It is 805 metres (2,641 ft) tall, and last erupted around 1660. It has formed lava domes

Nabukelevu is the only area in west Kadavu Island that retains extensive old-growth forest. A 2,900 hectares (7,200 acres) area centred on Nabukelevu is the Nabukelevu Important Bird Area. It supports populations of vulnerable Collared Petrel and Crimson shining parrot, and near threatened Whistling fruit dove and Kadavu fantail. The Collared Petrel breeding site and unique landscape of the mountain contribute to its national significance as outlined in Fiji's Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan.

19°07′S 177°59′E / 19.12°S 177.98°E / -19.12; 177.98


title: MicroRNA 5680

abstract: MicroRNA 5680 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIR5680 gene.

text:
# MicroRNA 5680

**MicroRNA 5680** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MIR5680 gene.

## Function

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short (20-24 nt) non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in multicellular organisms by affecting both the stability and translation of mRNAs. miRNAs are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as part of capped and polyadenylated primary transcripts (pri-miRNAs) that can be either protein-coding or non-coding. The primary transcript is cleaved by the Drosha ribonuclease III enzyme to produce an approximately 70-nt stem-loop precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is further cleaved by the cytoplasmic Dicer ribonuclease to generate the mature miRNA and antisense miRNA star (miRNA\*) products. The mature miRNA is incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), which recognizes target mRNAs through imperfect base pairing with the miRNA and most commonly results in translational inhibition or destabilization of the target mRNA. The RefSeq represents the predicted microRNA stem-loop.

## Further reading

*This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.*

## InfoBox

| MIR5680 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | MIR5680, microRNA 5680 | | |
| External IDs | GeneCards: MIR5680; OMA:MIR5680 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     n/a   n/a   RefSeq (protein)     n/a   n/a   Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 102.13 – 102.13 Mb n/a  PubMed search  n/a | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human | | | |


title: William Elliott (actor, born 1934)

abstract: William David Elliott was an American actor and jazz musician. He had a recurring role in Bridget Loves Bernie as Otis Foster and a recurring role as Officer Gus Grant in Adam-12. He also appeared in Elvis Presley's 1969 film Change of Habit.

text:
# William Elliott (actor, born 1934)

**William David Elliott** (June 4, 1934 – September 30, 1983) was an American actor and jazz musician. He had a recurring role in *Bridget Loves Bernie* as Otis Foster and a recurring role as Officer Gus Grant in *Adam-12*. He also appeared in Elvis Presley's 1969 film *Change of Habit*.

## Background

Elliott was born in Baltimore, Maryland. He spent four years in the United States Navy as an electrician. He later worked for US Steel and left the job. He also turned down an opportunity to study at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, instead preferring to pursue his ambition of being a drummer. He eventually formed his own music group. He married the background vocalist for the group, Dionne Warwick, in 1966. While at the home of Warwick's parents to ask permission to marry Dionne, Elliott was invited by her father to have a talk in the living room. Her father knew of Elliott's reputation as a ladies' man and, Warwick has stated, happened to be cleaning his gun then in preparation for a hunting trip. Warwick and Elliott had two sons together, David and Damon. The couple divorced in 1967 but soon remarried. They divorced for a second time in 1975.

## Television work

An early appearance on television was in the series *Dragnet*. The episode *Community Relations: DR-10* aired in 1968 and also featured Don Marshall, Rafer Johnson and O. J. Simpson in a minor role. In the early 1970s, Elliott had a recurring role as Otis Foster in the Bernard Slade-created show *Bridget Loves Bernie* which starred David Birney and Meredith Baxter. He also had a recurring role as Officer Gus Grant on the *Adam-12* TV show.

## Film work

He had an early uncredited role as a revolutionary in the Jules Dassin-directed *Uptight* which was released in 1968. He then played the part of Robbie in the Elvis Presley film *Change of Habit* which was released in 1969. He subsequently appeared as Leon in *The Old Man Who Cried Wolf* which starred Edward G. Robinson. The film, released in 1970, also starred Percy Rodrigues and Martin Balsam. It was about an old man who witnessed a murder but nobody believed him. The next film he appeared in was a made-for-television movie, *They Call It Murder*, which starred Jim Hutton, Robert J. Wilke and Ed Asner. Elliott played the part of Deputy Bob Terry. He played the lead role in the Henry Hathaway film *Hangup*, released in 1974. In that film he played an honest police officer who comes to grief as he is in love with a drug addict played by Marki Bey. Because Warner Bros. would not distribute the film, Elliott took charge of it and it was eventually distributed by a lesser-known distributor and pushed as a Blaxploitation film. It failed at the box office and attracted a fair amount of criticism.

## Music

Elliott appears on the *Together Again!* album by Willis Jackson with organist Jack McDuff. His drumming can be heard on four tracks that were recorded in August 1960; three appeared on the "Cookin' Sherry" album in 1961 ("Mellow Blues", "Cookin' Sherry" and "Contrasts"), while the fourth, "Tu'gether", was not released until the "Together Again!" album in 1964. By 1961 he was backing organist DeeDee Ford along with saxophonist / flautist Joe Thomas. By 1962 Rhoda Scott had taken over for DeeDee Ford, and as the Rhoda Scott Trio the group released two albums – "Hey! Hey! Hey! in 1962 and "Live! at the Key Club" in 1963. In 1964 Elliott and Thomas released their *Speak Your Piece* album. In 1974, it was announced in the August 3 issue of *Billboard* that Elliott was opening a studio at the location of the old Brooks Randall Motor Club site at Bronson Avenue and Sunset Boulevard. The studio, which featured recording facilities, a sound stage, rehearsal and dressing rooms, was to cater to the motion picture and recording industry.

## Filmography (selected)

Film list
| Title | Year | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Uptight* | 1968 | Revolutionary | Uncredited |
| *Change of Habit* | 1969 | Robbie |  |
| *Where Does It Hurt?* | 1972 | Oscar the Orderly |  |
| *Night of the Lepus* | 1972 | Dr. Leopold |  |
| *Coffy* | 1973 | Carter |  |
| *Hangup* | 1974 | Ken Ramsey |  |

Television list
| Title | Episode # | Role | Director | Year | Notes # |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Dragnet 1967* | *Community Relations: DR-10* | Alec Harper | Jack Webb | 1968 | Season 3, episode 3 |
| *Love, American Style* | *Love and the Only Child*, *Love and the Wig* | Driver #2 | Terry Becker, Bruce Bilson | 1971 | Only in *Love and the Wig* segment |
| *Night Gallery* | *Death in the Family*, *The Merciful*, *Class of '99*, *Witches' Feast* | 3rd Trooper |  | 1971 | Only in *Death in the Family* segment |
| *O'Hara, U.S. Treasury* | *Operation: Hijack* | Les Williams | Sam Freedle | 1971 |  |
| *The Bold Ones: The New Doctors* | *Moment of Crisis* | Admissions clerk | Michael Caffey | 1972 |  |
| *The Rookies* | *Concrete Valley, Neon Sky* | Truck | Michael Caffey | 1972 |  |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *Bridget Loves Bernie* | Otis Foster | Richard Kinon | 1972 | Season 1, episode 1 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Vatican* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 2 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *Wake Up We're Getting Married Today* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 3 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *The Last of the Red Hot Playwrights* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 4 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *Who's Watching the Store?* | Otis Foster | Le Philips | 1972 | Season 1, episode 5 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *The Newlybeds* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 6 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *Happiness Is Just a Thing Called Moe* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 7 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *Bernie's Last Stand* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 8 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *How to Be a Jewish Mother* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 9 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *The Little White Lie That Grew and Grew* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 10 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *The In-Laws Who Came to Dinner* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 11 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *The Homecoming* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 12 |
| *Bridget Loves Bernie* | *You Are Cordially Not Invited* | Otis Foster |  | 1972 | Season 1, episode 13 |
|

## InfoBox

| William Elliott | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | William David Elliott
(1934-06-04)June 4, 1934
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. |
| Died | September 30, 1983(1983-09-30) (aged 49)
Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Other names | Bill Elliott |
| Occupation(s) | Actor, musician |
| Years active | 1968–1980 |
| Spouses | *   Dionne Warwick  (m. 1966; div. 1967) *   (m. 1967; div. 1975) |
| Children | 2, including Damon Elliott |


title: Pascale Allotey

abstract: Pascale Allotey is a Ghanaian public health researcher and the Director of the World Health Organization SRH/HRP. Her research focuses on addressing equity, human rights, and social justice as these relate to health and disease, health systems, and global health research. She has held various technical advisory positions for the World Health Organization. Allotey serves on the Paris Institute for Advanced Study World Pandemic Research Network to understand the societal impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Governance of the World Health Summit and the international Advisory Board of the Lancet.

text:
# Pascale Allotey

**Pascale Allotey** is a Ghanaian public health researcher and the Director of the World Health Organization SRH/HRP. Her research focuses on addressing equity, human rights, and social justice as these relate to health and disease, health systems, and global health research. She has held various technical advisory positions for the World Health Organization. Allotey serves on the Paris Institute for Advanced Study World Pandemic Research Network to understand the societal impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Governance of the World Health Summit and the international Advisory Board of the Lancet.

## Early life and education

Allotey was born in Morocco and spent her childhood in Ghana and the United Kingdom. Her parents are from Ghana, and her father was a career diplomat. She has said that her earliest ambition was to be a singer or a physician. When she was a teenager her father was arrested by militia forces during a political transition, and Allotey remembers hiding under her bed as the soldiers entered their home. The work of her parents inspired her lifelong career in engaging directly with communities to inform research and policy. She first studied psychology and nursing at the University of Ghana. She trained and registered as a nurse, public health nurse and a midwife in Ghana in 1988. In 1990 Allotey moved to Australia to further her university studies. Here she completed a postgraduate diploma and master's degree in public and community health at the University of Western Australia. She remained there for her doctoral studies, earning a doctoral degree in public health in 1996. As part of her doctoral research, she returned to Ghana, where she investigated why women did not attend antenatal clinics and what support they accessed as an alternative, particularly with co-morbidities of tropical diseases during pregnancy. She studied both the implementation of the safe motherhood initiative in antenatal health services and the practices of traditional healers and soothsayers.

## Research and career

Allotey started her academic career as a research fellow in public health, first at the University of Western Australia and then at the University of Queensland. In 1997, Allotey was invited by the World Health Organization Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) to join their gender task force. In this capacity she contributed to the analysis of the impact of gender on various tropical diseases. She also investigated the physical and mental health of refugees, and the implications of their heath on their communities. She studied the prevalence of female genital mutilation in Ghana and Australia, and proposed that solutions must focus on enhancing women's rights and autonomy and promoting their agency to address the practice, rather than only focusing on the specific harm. She worked with the TDR again from 2006, when she was appointed to the Scientific and Technical Advisory Committee, and has since held various other technical advisory roles with the WHO. Around this time, Allotey moved to the United Kingdom and joined Brunel University London as Professor of Race, Diversity and Professional Practice. At Brunel, Allotey established one of the UK's first doctoral programmes in public health.

In 2009 Allotey moved to Monash University Malaysia as Professor of Public Health at the Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine. Her research has considered the relationships between gender, equity, human rights, marginalisation and global health, with a focus on tropical health and non-communicable diseases. She has investigated how gender enables the Sustainable Development Goals, and how to engage with communities to co-produce research and influence policy related to their health. Together with Daniel Reidpath she founded the South East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), a health and demographic surveillance system that was established in 2011. SEACO was supported by Monash University Malaysia, and looked to better understand how the rapidly changing population was impacting public health in Malaysia.

In 2016 Allotey was part of the team led by WHO TDR to launch an implementation research based massive open online course which focused on the infectious diseases of poverty. The course looks to train public health researchers and disease control programme managers in how to improve health outcomes. Allotey was appointed to the Paris Institute for Advanced Study World Pandemic Research Network (WPRN) in May 2020. The WRPN was established in response to the SARS-CoV-2 crisis, and served to collate research and resources on the societal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Selected publications

* Reidpath, D; Allotey, P (2003-05-01). "Infant mortality rate as an indicator of population health". *Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health*. **57** (5). BMJ Group: 344–6. doi:10.1136/jech.57.5.344. OCLC 677482202. PMC 1732453. PMID 12700217.
* Reidpath, Daniel D.; Chan, Kit Y.; Gifford, Sandra M.; Allotey, Pascale (2005). "'He hath the French pox': stigma, social value and social exclusion". *Sociology of Health & Illness*. **27** (4): 468–489. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9566.2005.00452.x. hdl:10536/DRO/DU:30008821. ISSN 1467-9566. PMID 15998347.
* Manderson, Lenore; Allotey, Pascale (2003-01-01). "Storytelling, marginality, and community in Australia: How immigrants position their difference in health care settings". *Medical Anthropology*. **22** (1): 1–21. doi:10.1080/01459740306767. ISSN 0145-9740. PMID 12641294. S2CID 39802179.

## Personal life

Allotey is married to Daniel D. Reidpath, the Senior Director for Health Systems and Population Health at the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh.

## InfoBox

| Pascale Adukwei Allotey | |
| --- | --- |
| Allotey speaks at UNU-MERIT in 2018 | |
| Born | Morocco |
| Alma mater | University of Western Australia |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Institutions |  |
| Thesis | *The burden of illness in pregnancy in rural Ghana : a study of maternal morbidity and interventions in Northern Ghana* (1996) |
|  | |


title: Mickey Mouse Weekly

abstract: Mickey Mouse Weekly is a 1936–1957 weekly British tabloid Disney comics magazine, the first British comic with full colour photogravure printing. It was launched by Willbank Publications and later continued by Odhams Press. The comics were said to be "drawn in a slick, smooth style which was clearly influenced by American comics." Mickey Mouse Weekly featured American reprints as well as original British Disney comics material, including the first Donald Duck comic book serial. The magazine also featured reprints of Floyd Gottfredson's Mickey Mouse comic strip continuities in full colour on the back cover. 920 issues of Mickey Mouse Weekly were published between 8 February 1936 and 28 December 1957.

text:
# Mickey Mouse Weekly

***Mickey Mouse Weekly*** is a 1936–1957 weekly British tabloid Disney comics magazine, the first British comic with full colour photogravure printing. It was launched by Willbank Publications and later continued by Odhams Press. The comics were said to be "drawn in a slick, smooth style which was clearly influenced by American comics."

*Mickey Mouse Weekly* featured American reprints as well as original British Disney comics material, including the first Donald Duck comic book serial. The magazine also featured reprints of Floyd Gottfredson's *Mickey Mouse* comic strip continuities in full colour on the back cover.

920 issues of *Mickey Mouse Weekly* were published between 8 February 1936 and 28 December 1957.

## Publication history

*Mickey Mouse Weekly* was inspired by the 1935 launch of *Mickey Mouse Magazine*, the first American Disney newsstand publication. It began as a 12-page tabloid, with four pages in colour — the cover pages and the centrefold. The early covers were drawn by Wilfred Haughton — a full-colour comic panel with many characters, with each one saying a joke or a pun.

As the American *Mickey Mouse Magazine* inspired *Mickey Mouse Weekly*, the new publication inspired a number of European spinoffs, including Switzerland's *Micky Maus Zeitung* (1936–37) and Sweden's *Musse Pigg Tidningen* (1937–38), which used Haughton's covers and other British material.

The magazine ceased production with its 28 December 1957 issue after Odhams lost the rights to the Disney characters. Disney then published *Walt Disney's Mickey Mouse* with Vernon Holding; the relatively unsuccessful magazine was renamed *Walt Disney's Weekly* in 1959 and discontinued in 1961. Non-Disney content was continued in Odhams Press' *Zip*, a 1958 weekly which merged into *Swift* in 1959.

## Strips

### *The De(f)tective Agency*

The first British Disney serial published in *Mickey Mouse Weekly* was *The De(f)tective Agency* — actually "The Defective Agency", but with the F crossed out, and T written in above. This one-page serial began in issue #45 (12 December 1936), and starred Goofy and Toby Tortoise, from the 1935 *Silly Symphony* short *The Tortoise and the Hare*, assisted by Pluto. The stories were written and drawn by Wilfred Haughton. The serial had four stories:

* *The Disappearing Kids*, issues #45–54 (12 December 1936 – 13 February 1937): The detectives investigate the kidnapping of "the famous Mickey quins", finally finding them with Peg Leg Pete, who begs the heroes to take the brats away again.
* *Spooky Farm*, issues #55–63 (20 February – 17 April 1937)
* *A Tropical Trek*, issues #68–85 (22 May – 18 September 1937): Goofy and Toby are captured by cannibals in the desert.
* *Our De(f)tectives Meet Rivals*, issues #86–103 (25 September 1937 – 22 January 1938): Goofy and Toby compete with a rival detective agency headed by Horace Horsecollar and Sammy Skunk.

### Donald Duck

Considered the first Donald Duck comic book serial, originally called *Donald and Donna*, which began in issue #67 (15 May 1937), drawn by William A. Ward. There were 15 weekly parts of this first serial featuring Donald and his girlfriend Donna, an early version of Daisy Duck. Donna left the series after the first story, which was continued as *Donald and Mac*, *Donald Duck* and *Donald Duck with Mac* for the next three years, ending in issue #222 (4 May 1940). The Donald Duck strip itself continued until the magazine's closure in 1957.

### *Shuffled Symphonies*

*Shuffled Symphonies* was an early illustrated text feature by Basil Reynolds, which initially paired a character from the *Mickey Mouse* cartoons with a character from the *Silly Symphony* shorts. Over time, it transitioned to stories about Mickey and friends embarking on science-fiction and fantasy-themed adventures, including a story about Donald, Mickey and Mickey's nephews traveling in a time machine to the future. The feature began in issue #1 (8 February 1936), and continued until at least #210 (10 February 1940). Reynolds left *Mickey Mouse Weekly* in 1940 for military service in World War II. After the war, he returned to the weekly in 1947, contributing off and on until 1954.

A card game called Shuffled Symphonies was produced in 1939 by Pepys Games, based on the title of this weekly feature. The cards featured full-colour images of the *Mickey Mouse*, *Silly Symphony* and *Snow White* cast.

### Other strips

## Spin-offs

*Mickey Mouse Weekly* had an annual 64-page December supplement for the first four years – *Mickey Mouse Holiday Special* in 1936, 1937 and 1938, and *Mickey Mouse Christmas Special* in 1939.

## InfoBox

| *Mickey Mouse Weekly* | |
| --- | --- |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Willbank Publications
Odhams Press |
| Schedule | Weekly |
| Format | Ongoing series |
| Genre |  |
| Publication date | 8 February 1936 – 28 December 1957 |
| No. of issues | 920 |
| Main character(s) | Mickey Mouse
Donald Duck |
| Creative team | |
| Artist(s) | Floyd Gottfredson (reprints), Frank Bellamy, Reg Carter, Ron Embleton, Wilfred Haughton, Jim Holdaway, Otto Messmer, Cecil Orr, Basil Reynolds, William A. Ward, Tony Weare |


title: HMCS Skeena (D59)

abstract: HMCS Skeena was a River-class destroyer that served in the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) from 1931 to 1944. She was similar to the Royal Navy's A class and wore initially the pennant D59, changed in 1940 to I59. She was built by John I. Thornycroft & Company at Woolston, Hampshire and commissioned into the RCN on 10 June 1931 at Portsmouth, England. Skeena and her sister HMCS Saguenay were the first ships specifically built for the Royal Canadian Navy. She arrived in Halifax, Nova Scotia on 3 July 1931.

text:
# HMCS Skeena (D59)

**HMCS *Skeena*** was a River-class destroyer that served in the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) from 1931 to 1944. She was similar to the Royal Navy's A class and wore initially the pennant D59, changed in 1940 to I59.

She was built by John I. Thornycroft & Company at Woolston, Hampshire and commissioned into the RCN on 10 June 1931 at Portsmouth, England. *Skeena* and her sister HMCS *Saguenay* were the first ships specifically built for the Royal Canadian Navy. She arrived in Halifax, Nova Scotia on 3 July 1931.

## Second World War

*Skeena* rescued 65 survivors of the British merchant ship *Manipur*, sunk by *U-57* off Cape Wrath on 17 July 1940. On 2 September 1940 she rescued 19 survivors of the British merchant ship *Thornlea*, sunk by *U-46* in the North Atlantic. On 14 October 1940 *Skeena* and the corvette HMS *Periwinkle* rescued 220 members of the crew of HMS *Cheshire*, which *U-137* had damaged by torpedo. On 23 November 1940 *Skeena* rescued 6 survivors of the Norwegian merchant ship *Bruce*, damaged by *U-100* and 9 survivors of the Norwegian merchant ship *Salonica*, sunk by *U-100* nearby.

*Skeena* was assigned to North Atlantic convoy Escort Group C-3 escorting convoys ON 93, HX 191, ONS 104, SC 90, ON 115, HX 202, ON 121, SC 98, ON 131, HX 210, ON 141, SC 109, ONS 152 prior to refit in January 1943. On 31 July 1942, *Skeena* recorded her first victory with HMCS *Wetaskiwin* when they depth charged and sank *U-588* while escorting ON 115 at 49°59′N 36°36′W / 49.983°N 36.600°W / 49.983; -36.600 (Sinking of U-588).

### Trans-Atlantic convoys escorted

| Convoy | Escort Group | Dates | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| HX 141 |  | 30 July-6 Aug 1941 | Newfoundland to Iceland |
| SC 42 |  | 2-17 Sept 1941 | Newfoundland to Iceland |
| SC 54 |  | 12-22 Nov 1941 | Newfoundland to Iceland |
| ON 40 |  | 30 Nov-4 Dec 1941 | Iceland to Newfoundland |
| SC 63 |  | 5-10 Jan 1942 | Newfoundland to Iceland |
| SC 79 | MOEF group C3 | 19–27 April 1942 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 93 | MOEF group C3 | 9–15 May 1942 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| HX 191 | MOEF group C3 | 28 May-5 June 1942 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 104 | MOEF group C3 | 18–27 June 1942 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| SC 90 | MOEF group C3 | 6–16 July 1942 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 115 | MOEF group C3 | 25–31 July 1942 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| HX 202 | MOEF group C3 | 12-17 Aug 1942 | Newfoundland to Iceland |
| ON 121 | MOEF group C3 | 17-20 Aug 1942 | Iceland to Newfoundland |
| SC 98 | MOEF group C3 | 2-12 Sept 1942 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 131 | MOEF group C3 | 19-28 Sept 1942 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| HX 210 | MOEF group C3 | 7-15 Oct 1942 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 141 | MOEF group C3 | 26 Oct-2 Nov 1942 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| SC 109 | MOEF group C3 | 16-25 Nov 1942 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 152 | MOEF group C3 | 10-19 Dec 1942 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| HX 233 | MOEF group A3 | 12–20 April 1943 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 180 | MOEF group C3 | 25 April-7 May 1943 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| HX 238 | MOEF group C3 | 13–20 May 1943 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 187 |  | 3–10 June 1943 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| HX 244 |  | 20–29 June 1943 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 192 |  | 10–18 July 1943 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| HX 249 |  | 29 July-5 Aug 1943 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| HX 255 |  | 8-15 Sept 1943 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| HX 261 |  | 17-25 Oct 1943 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 210 |  | 7-17 Nov 1943 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |
| SC 147 |  | 23 Nov-3 Dec 1943 | Newfoundland to Northern Ireland |
| ON 216 |  | 17-29 Dec 1943 | Northern Ireland to Newfoundland |

## Grounding

*Skeena* was lost in a storm on the night of 24 October 1944. She was anchored off Reykjavík, Iceland and dragged her anchor and grounded in 50-foot (15 m) waves off Viðey Island with the loss of 15 crewmembers.

Her hulk was paid off and sold to Iceland interests in June 1945; she was then raised and broken up. Her propeller was salvaged and used in a memorial near the Viðey Island ferry terminal.

* English, John (1993). *Amazon to Ivanhoe: British Standard Destroyers of the 1930s*. Kendal: World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-64-9.
* Friedman, Norman (2009). *British Destroyers From Earliest Days to the Second World War*. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-081-8.
* Lenton, H. T. (1998). *British & Empire Warships of the Second World War*. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-048-7.
* March, Edgar J. (1966). *British Destroyers: A History of Development, 1892–1953; Drawn by Admiralty Permission From Official Records & Returns, Ships' Covers & Building Plans*. London: Seeley Service. OCLC 164893555.
* Rohwer, Jürgen (2005). *Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945: The Naval History of World War Two* (Third Revised ed.). Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-119-2.
* Whitley, M. J. (1988). *Destroyers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia*. Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-326-1.
* Winser, John de D. (1999). *B.E.F. Ships Before, At and After Dunkirk*. Gravesend: World Ship Society. ISBN 0-905617-91-6.

## InfoBox

| *Skeena* at sea | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| Canada | |
| Name | *Skeena* |
| Namesake | Skeena River |
| Ordered | 6 March 1928 |
| Builder | John I. Thornycroft & Company, Woolston |
| Yard number | 1092 |
| Laid down | 14 October 1929 |
| Launched | 10 October 1930 |
| Commissioned | 10 June 1931 |
| Honours and<br>awards | * Atlantic 1939–44 * Normandy 1944 * Biscay 1944 |
| Fate | Wrecked 25 October 1944 during a storm off Reykjavík, Iceland. |
| Badge | Blazon Azure, out of a base invected argent, a salmon sinisterwise proper. |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type |  |
| Displacement | 1,337 long tons (1,358 t) |
| Length | * 321 ft 3 in (97.92 m) o/a * 309 ft (94 m) p/p |
| Beam | 32 ft 9 in (9.98 m) |
| Draught | 10 ft (3.0 m) |
| Speed | 31 knots (57 km/h; 36 mph) |
| Complement | 181 |
| Armament |  |


title: Gérard Ben Arous

abstract: Gérard Ben Arous is a French mathematician, specializing in stochastic analysis and its applications to mathematical physics. He served as the director of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University from 2011 to 2016.

text:
# Gérard Ben Arous

**Gérard Ben Arous** (born 26 June 1957) is a French mathematician, specializing in stochastic analysis and its applications to mathematical physics. He served as the director of the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences at New York University from 2011 to 2016.

## Education and career

Ben Arous studied at École normale supérieure (ENS) from 1977 to 1981. In 1979, Ben Arous received a master's degree in statistics from the University of Paris-Sud. In 1980 he received a Master of Science degree from the University of Paris VI, and in 1981 earned a Ph.D. from the University of Paris VII under Robert Azencott. In the academic year 1982–1983 he was a postdoc at the University of Colorado under the direction of Daniel Stroock. In 1987, Ben Arous earned his habilitation (These d'Etat) and became a maître de conférences at ENS.

In 1988, Ben Arous became a professor at the University of Paris-Sud where he served as the chair of the mathematics department from 1992 to 1994. From 1994 to 1997 he was a professor at ENS and the chair of the mathematics and computer science departments. From 1997 to 2007, Ben Arous was a professor of applied probability theory at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, where he held the chair of Stochastic Modeling and founded the Bernoulli Institute in 2001. Since 2002 he has been a professor at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences of New York University. In 2009, Ben Arous served as acting Director of the Courant Institute and was director from 2011 to 2016. He was appointed as the Vice-Provost for Science and Engineering Development at New York University in 2011.

> Professor Ben Arous works on probability theory (stochastic analysis, large deviations, random media and random matrices) and its connections with other domains of mathematics (partial differential equations, dynamical systems), physics (statistical mechanics of disordered media), or industrial applications. He is mainly interested in the time evolution of complex systems, and the universal aspects of their long time behavior and of their slow relaxation to equilibrium, in particular how complexity and disorder imply aging. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (as of August 2011) and an elected member of the International Statistical Institute.

In 1993, Ben Arous received the Rollo Davidson Prize. In 1996 he gave a plenary lecture *Large deviations as a common probabilistic tool for some problems of analysis, geometry and physics* at the European Congress of Mathematicians in Budapest. In 2002 he was an invited speaker at the International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) in Beijing and gave a talk *Aging and Spin Glass Dynamics*.

He was an editor for the Journal of the European Mathematical Society. He is an editor for Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics and, since 2010, the managing editor (with Amir Dembo, Stanford) of Probability Theory and Related Fields. In 2015 he was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (August 2011) and an elected member of the International Statistics Institute. He was a member of Bourbaki. His doctoral students include Antonio Auffinger, Raphaël Cerf, Ivan Corwin, Alice Guionnet, Houman Owhadi and Sandrine Péché.

## Selected publications

* Ben Arous, Gérard; Zeitouni, Ofer (1998). "Large deviations from the circular law". *ESAIM: Probability and Statistics*. **2**: 123–134. doi:10.1051/ps:1998104.
* Ben Arous, Gérard; Bovier, Anton; Gayrard, Véronique (2003). "Glauber Dynamics of the Random Energy Model" (PDF). *Communications in Mathematical Physics*. **236** (1): 1–54. Bibcode:2003CMaPh.236....1B. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.79.5569. doi:10.1007/s00220-003-0799-3. S2CID 14989487.
* Baik, Jinho; Ben Arous, Gérard; Péché, Sandrine (2005). "Phase transition of the largest eigenvalue for nonnull complex sample covariance matrices". *Annals of Probability*. **33** (5): 1643–1697. arXiv:math/0403022. doi:10.1214/009117905000000233. JSTOR 3481698. S2CID 14641992.
* Ben Arous, Gérard; Péché, Sandrine (2005). "Universality of local eigenvalue statistics for some sample covariance matrices". *Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics*. **58** (10): 1316–1357. doi:10.1002/cpa.20070. S2CID 42381331.
* Ben Arous, Gérard; Černý, Jiří (2006). "Dynamics of trap models". In Bovier, Anton; Dunlop, François; van Enter, Aernout; den Hollander, Frank; Dalibard, Jean (eds.). *Mathematical Statistical Physics: Papers from the 83rd Session of the Summer School in Physics held in Les Houches, July 4–29, 2005*. Amsterdam: Elsevier B. V. pp. 331–394. arXiv:math/0603344. doi:10.1016/S0924-8099(06)80045-4. ISBN 978-0-444-52813-1. MR 2581889.
* Ben Arous, Gérard; Černý, Jiří (2007). "Scaling limit for trap models on $\mathbb {Z} ^{d}$". *Annals of Probability*. **35** (6): 2356–2384. arXiv:math/0606719. doi:10.1214/009117907000000024. S2CID 16613600.
* Arous, Gérard Ben; Guionnet, Alice (2008). "The spectrum of heavy tailed random matrices". *Communications in Mathematical Physics*. **278** (3): 715–751. arXiv:0707.2159. Bibcode:2008CMaPh.278..715A. doi:10.1007/s00220-007-0389-x. S2CID 1403442.

## InfoBox

| Gérard Ben Arous | |
| --- | --- |
| Ben Arous in 2015 | |
| Born | (1957-06-26) 26 June 1957 |
| Nationality | French |
| Alma mater | University of Paris VII |
| Awards | Rollo Davidson Prize (1993) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Mathematics |
| Institutions | New York University |
| Doctoral advisor | Robert Azencott |
| Doctoral students |  |
|  | |


title: Jesse Chism

abstract: Jesse Chism is an American politician. He is a Democrat representing District 85 in the Tennessee House of Representatives.

text:
# Jesse Chism

**Jesse Chism** (born March 4, 1980) is an American politician. He is a Democrat representing District 85 in the Tennessee House of Representatives.

## Early life and education

Chism studied in Overton High School. In 2003, Chism received a Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Morehouse College with a focus in Marketing /Economics. In 2012, he received a Master of Arts (MA), Education from Union University.

He is a former high school teacher with Memphis City Schools.

He previously worked as a Disaster Inspector for Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Between 2013 and 2016, he was the Program Director for the Tennessee Mental Health Consumers Association.

He is currently a real estate investor. He is the president of Chism Consulting.

## Political career

In 2018, former District 85 representative Johnnie Turner announced that she would not seek another term. Chism ran for his seat, won a four-way Democratic primary with 35.7% of the vote, and was unopposed in the general election. He successfully ran for re-election in 2020. He run for re-election in 2024.

As of April 2024, Chism serves on the following committees:

* Education Instruction
* Education Instruction of 1st Extraordinary Session
* Government Operations Committee
* Government Operations Committee of 1st Extraordinary Session
* State Government Committee
* State Government Committee of 1st Extraordinary Session
* Departments & Agencies Subcommittee
* Departments & Agencies Subcommittee of 1st Extraordinary Session
* Education Instruction Subcommittee
* Education Instruction Subcommittee of 1st Extraordinary Session
* Joint Judiciary and Government

### Electoral record

2018 Democratic primary: Tennessee House of Representatives, District 85
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Democratic | Jesse Chism | 3,217 | 35.7% |
|  | Democratic | Ricky Dixon | 2,743 | 30.4% |
|  | Democratic | Lynnette Williams | 2,620 | 29.1% |
|  | Democratic | Brett Williams | 433 | 4.8% |

2020 Democratic primary: Tennessee House of Representatives, District 85
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Democratic | Jesse Chism | 6,744 | 81.9% |
|  | Democratic | Alvin Crook | 1,482 | 18.1% |

## Honors & Awards

Chism has been recognized in the following areas.

* Fair Fight Fellowship, 2021
* Center for Advancement of Leadership Skills Scholar, 2021
* Chairman of Freshmen Democrats 2019-2020
* Emerging Leaders, 2019

## InfoBox

| Jesse Chism | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Tennessee House of Representatives
from the 85th district | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
November 6, 2018 | |
| Preceded by | Johnnie Turner |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1980-03-04) March 4, 1980 |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Residence | Memphis, Tennessee |
| Alma mater | Overton High School
Morehouse College
Union University |
|  | |


title: Nabukjuak Bay

abstract: Nabukjuak Bay is an arm of the Foxe Basin in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located on the northeastern Foxe Peninsula, in western Baffin Island. The closest community is Kinngait, situated 136 km (85 mi) to the south, while Nuwata, a former settlement, is situated 31 km (19 mi) to the west. Low and flat land characteristics proceed in a southeast direction from the bay.

text:
# Nabukjuak Bay

**Nabukjuak Bay** is an arm of the Foxe Basin in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located on the northeastern Foxe Peninsula, in western Baffin Island. The closest community is Kinngait, situated 136 km (85 mi) to the south, while Nuwata, a former settlement, is situated 31 km (19 mi) to the west. Low and flat land characteristics proceed in a southeast direction from the bay.

## InfoBox

| Nabukjuak Bay | |
| --- | --- |
| Nabukjuak BayNabukjuak Bay | |
| Location | Foxe Basin |
| Coordinates | 65°24′N 77°25′W / 65.400°N 77.417°W / 65.400; -77.417 (Nabukjuak Bay) |
| Ocean/sea sources | Arctic Ocean |
| Basin countries | Canada |
|  | |
| Settlements | Uninhabited |


title: Middlings purifier

abstract: A middlings purifier is a device used in the production of flour to remove the husks from the kernels of wheat. It was developed in Minnesota by Edmund LaCroix, a French inventor hired by Cadwallader C. Washburn and George Christian of the Washburn "A" Mill. It was developed to complement the emerging roller mill technique of the late 19th century, which used corrugated metal rollers instead of abrasive grindstones to grind wheat into flour. The middlings purifier was used to separate the bran from the usable part of the flour. The machine developed by LaCroix passed the partially ground middlings over a screen, and a stream of air blew away the particles of bran. This process was used because winter wheat, sown in the fall and harvested early the next summer was not feasible to grow in Minnesota. Spring wheat was sown in the spring and harvested in late summer. This could be grown by Minnesota farmers, but the conventional techniques of grinding grain between millstones ended up producing a darker flour than consumers desired. It was also difficult to mix the gluten and the starch completely. After Washburn's company developed the roller-milling technique with the use of a middlings purifier, they tried to monopolize the method, but the Pillsbury Company and other competitors were able to duplicate the process thanks to employees who left Washburn and passed along trade secrets. The development of the middling purifier may have been based on the invention of the purifier by Ignaz Paul, an Austrian miller and inventor (1778–1842) early in the 19th century. Washburn later teamed up with John Crosby to form the Washburn-Crosby Company, which eventually became General Mills.

text:
# Middlings purifier

A **middlings purifier** is a device used in the production of flour to remove the husks from the kernels of wheat. It was developed in Minnesota by Edmund LaCroix, a French inventor hired by Cadwallader C. Washburn and George Christian of the Washburn "A" Mill. It was developed to complement the emerging roller mill technique of the late 19th century, which used corrugated metal rollers instead of abrasive grindstones to grind wheat into flour. The middlings purifier was used to separate the bran from the usable part of the flour. The machine developed by LaCroix passed the partially ground middlings over a screen, and a stream of air blew away the particles of bran.

This process was used because winter wheat, sown in the fall and harvested early the next summer was not feasible to grow in Minnesota. Spring wheat was sown in the spring and harvested in late summer. This could be grown by Minnesota farmers, but the conventional techniques of grinding grain between millstones ended up producing a darker flour than consumers desired. It was also difficult to mix the gluten and the starch completely. After Washburn's company developed the roller-milling technique with the use of a middlings purifier, they tried to monopolize the method, but the Pillsbury Company and other competitors were able to duplicate the process thanks to employees who left Washburn and passed along trade secrets.

The development of the middling purifier may have been based on the invention of the purifier by Ignaz Paul, an Austrian miller and inventor (1778–1842) early in the 19th century.

Washburn later teamed up with John Crosby to form the Washburn-Crosby Company, which eventually became General Mills.

1. Danbom, David B. (Spring 2003). "Flour Power: The Significance of Flour Milling at the Falls". *Minnesota History*. **58** (5): 271–285.
2. "The History of Wheat and Flour Milling". Archived from the original on 2007-01-29. Retrieved 2007-03-15.. Now at http://flour.com/flour/, accessed 15 August 2018
3. Eben Norton Horsford (1875). *Report on Vienna bread*. Washington: Government Printing Office. pp. 31–32. Retrieved 2012-11-02.


title: William Elliott (RAF officer)

abstract: Captain William Boyd Elliott was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.

text:
# William Elliott (RAF officer)

Captain **William Boyd Elliott** was a World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.

## Honours and awards citations

Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC)

Lieut. (T./Capt.) William Boyd Elliott.

This officer has taken part in one hundred bombing raids, in the majority of which he has been leader, a position for which he has the essential qualities in a marked degree. viz., courage, resolution, and resource. While leading one bombing raid his formation was attacked by thirty hostile machines; ten of these were destroyed, the objective was successfully bombed, and the formation returned without the loss of a machine. This brilliant success was mainly due to Captain Elliott's skilful leadership.

Supplement to the *London Gazette*, 2 November 1918 (30989/12964)

## Sources of information

## InfoBox

| William Boyd Elliott | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 26 August 1898<br>St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada |
| Died | 27 March 1979 |
| Allegiance | George V |
| Service/branch | Flying service |
| Years of service | 1917 - 1918 |
| Rank | Captain |
| Unit | No. 103 Squadron RFC, No. 205 Squadron RAF |
| Awards | Distinguished Flying Cross |