title: National Cyber Security Division

abstract: The National Cyber Security Division (NCSD) is a division of the Office of Cyber Security & Communications, within the United States Department of Homeland Security's Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. Formed from the Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office, the National Infrastructure Protection Center, the Federal Computer Incident Response Center, and the National Communications System, NCSD opened on June 6, 2003. The NCSD's mission is to collaborate with the private sector, government, military, and intelligence stakeholders to conduct risk assessments and mitigate vulnerabilities and threats to information technology assets and activities affecting the operation of the civilian government and private sector critical cyber infrastructures. NCSD also provides cyber threat and vulnerability analysis, early warning, and incident response assistance for public and private sector constituents. NCSD carries out the majority of DHS’ responsibilities under the Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative. The FY 2011 budget request for NCSD is $378.744 million and includes 342 federal positions. The current director of the NCSD is John Streufert, former chief information security officer (CISO) for the United States Department of State, who assumed the position in January 2012.

text:
# National Cyber Security Division

The **National Cyber Security Division** (**NCSD**) is a division of the Office of Cyber Security & Communications, within the United States Department of Homeland Security's Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. Formed from the Critical Infrastructure Assurance Office, the National Infrastructure Protection Center, the Federal Computer Incident Response Center, and the National Communications System, NCSD opened on June 6, 2003.

The NCSD's mission is to collaborate with the private sector, government, military, and intelligence stakeholders to conduct risk assessments and mitigate vulnerabilities and threats to information technology assets and activities affecting the operation of the civilian government and private sector critical cyber infrastructures. NCSD also provides cyber threat and vulnerability analysis, early warning, and incident response assistance for public and private sector constituents. NCSD carries out the majority of DHS’ responsibilities under the Comprehensive National Cybersecurity Initiative. The FY 2011 budget request for NCSD is $378.744 million and includes 342 federal positions. The current director of the NCSD is John Streufert, former chief information security officer (CISO) for the United States Department of State, who assumed the position in January 2012.

## Strategic objectives and priorities

**Strategic Objectives**

To protect the cyber infrastructure, NCSD has identified two overarching objectives:

* To build and maintain an effective national cyberspace response system.
* To implement a cyber-risk management program for protection of critical infrastructure.

**Priorities**

* Continued development of the EINSTEIN system’s capabilities as a critical tool in protecting the Federal Executive Branch civilian departments and agencies.
* Development of the National Cyber Incident Response Plan (NCIRP) in full collaboration with the private sector and other key stakeholders. NCIRP ensures that all national cybersecurity partners understand their roles in cyber incident response and are prepared to participate in a coordinated and managed process.
* Increase the security of automated control systems that operate elements of the national critical infrastructure.

## Organization

NCSD is funded through the following Congressionally appropriated Programs, Projects and Activities (PPA): United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT), Strategic Initiatives, and Outreach and Programs:

**US-CERT** leverages technical competencies in federal network operations and threat analysis centers to develop knowledge and knowledge management practices. US-CERT provides a single, accountable focal point to support federal stakeholders as they make key operational and implementation decisions and secure the Federal Executive Branch civilian networks. It does so through a holistic approach that enables federal stakeholders to address cybersecurity challenges in a manner that maximizes value while minimizing risks associated with technology and security investments. Further, US-CERT analyzes threats and vulnerabilities, disseminates cyber threat warning information, and coordinates with partners and customers to achieve shared situational awareness related to the Nation’s cyber infrastructure. US-CERT funds also support the development, acquisition, deployment, and personnel required to implement the National Cybersecurity Protection System (NCPS), operationally known as EINSTEIN. The EINSTEIN Program is an automated intrusion detection system for collecting, correlating, analyzing, and sharing computer security information across the federal government to improve our Nation’s situational awareness. EINSTEIN is an early warning system that monitors the network gateways of Federal Executive Branch civilian departments and agencies for malicious cyber activity. DHS is deploying EINSTEIN 1 and 2 systems in conjunction with the federal TIC initiative, which optimizes network security capabilities into a common solution for the Federal Executive Branch and facilitates the reduction and consolidation of external connections, including Internet points of presence, through approved access points. As of March 2012, EINSTEIN 3 is currently being staged for roll-out to federal agencies for those that have reached a high TIC compliance.

**The National Cybersecurity Center (NCSC)** is a component of US-CERT’s budget. The NCSC fulfills its presidential mandate as outlined in National Security Presidential Directive 54/Homeland Security Presidential Directive 23 in ensuring that federal agencies can access and receive information and intelligence needed to execute their respective 7 cybersecurity missions. The NCSC accomplishes this through the following six mission areas: Mission Integration, Collaboration and Coordination, Situational Awareness and Cyber Incident Response, Analysis and Reporting, Knowledge Management, and Technology Development and Management, each supported by developing NCSC programs and capabilities.

**Strategic Initiatives** enables NCSD to establish mechanisms for federal partners to deploy standardized tools and services at a reduced cost, paving the way for a collaborative environment that enables the sharing of best practices and common security challenges and shortfalls. In addition, Strategic Initiatives enables NPPD to develop and promulgate sound practices for software developers, IT security professionals, and other CIKR stakeholders; it also enables collaboration with the public and private sectors to assess and mitigate risk to the nation’s cyber CIKR.

**Outreach and Programs** promotes opportunities to leverage the cybersecurity investments of public and private industry partners. This PPA encourages cybersecurity awareness among the 8 general public and within key communities, maintains relationships with government cybersecurity professionals to share information about cybersecurity initiatives, and develops partnerships to promote collaboration on cybersecurity issues. Outreach and Programs enables governance and assistance in setting policy direction and establishes resource requirements for NCSD’s complex activities.

## Early leadership turnover

NCSD has been plagued by leadership problems, having had multiple directors that resign after serving only short terms, or potential candidates for the position of director who refuse the position. As chair of the pre-existing Counter-terrorism Security Group, Richard Clarke was initially offered the position of director of the NCSD, but refused citing concerns that there would be too many bureaucratic layers between him and Homeland Security director Tom Ridge. Robert Liscouski ran the division initially while a permanent director was sought and continued on as Assistant Director until February 2005. Amit Yoran became director of NCSD in September 2003 and helped set up the division, but after only a year in the job, left abruptly in October 2004. One of the division's deputy directors, Andy Purdy, assumed the position of interim director within a week of Yoran's departure. In 2006 upon Andy Purdy's departure Jerry Dixon took on the role as acting director in December 2006 until officially appointed to the position as executive director in January 2007. Upon Dixon's departure in September 2007 Mcguire took on the role of acting director until March 2008 which the USSS assigned Cornelius Tate and Anita Calinoiu to be the current director of NCSD.

An audit of the division, conducted by DHS's inspector general Clark Kent Ervin, cast a negative view on the division's first year. Although the report praised the formation of the U.S. Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT) and the National Cyber Alert System, the division received criticism for failing to set priorities, develop strategic plans and provide effective leadership in cyber security issues.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Department of Homeland Security.


abstract: The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) is an organisation of the United Kingdom Government that provides advice and support for the public and private sector in how to avoid computer security threats. It is the UK's National technical authority for cyber threats and Information Assurance. Based in Victoria, London, it became operational in October 2016, and its parent organisation is GCHQ.

text:
# National Cyber Security Centre (United Kingdom)

The **National Cyber Security Centre** (**NCSC**) is an organisation of the United Kingdom Government that provides advice and support for the public and private sector in how to avoid computer security threats. It is the UK's National technical authority for cyber threats and Information Assurance. Based in Victoria, London, it became operational in October 2016, and its parent organisation is GCHQ.

## History

The NCSC absorbed and replaced CESG (the information security arm of GCHQ), the Centre for Cyber Assessment (CCA), Computer Emergency Response Team UK (CERT UK) and the cyber-related responsibilities of the Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure (CPNI). It built on earlier efforts of these organisations and the Cabinet Office to provide guidance on Information Assurance to the UK's wider private sector, such as the "10 Steps" guidance released in January 2015. In pre-launch announcements, the UK government stated that the NCSC would first work with the Bank of England to advise financial institutions on how to bolster online defences.

The centre was first announced in November 2015 by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, George Osborne. The existing Director General Cyber of GCHQ, Ciaran Martin, leads the new centre, and GCHQ's current Technical Director of Cyber Security, Dr Ian Levy, assumed the same role at the NCSC. A detailed paper on the creation of the NCSC, including a description of its structure and future challenges, written by the then Director of GCHQ, Robert Hannigan, who is widely credited with establishing the centre, was published by the Royal United Services Institute in February 2019.

The centre was dedicated by the Queen on 14 February 2017. Philip Hammond, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, announced an investment of £1.9 billion and an initiative to embed 100 people from industry into the NCSC on secondment.

In April 2016, the Ministry of Defence announced that a Cyber Security Operations Centre (CSOC) "to protect the MOD's cyberspace from malicious actors" with a budget of over £40 million will contribute to this initiative. It is located at MoD Corsham.

In October 2017, technical director Ian Levy was targeted by email prankster James Linton with a fake industry event; however, Levy correctly identified the unexpected headers and worked with him to put out a security blog about the incident.

On 1 October 2020 Lindy Cameron, formerly director-general of the Northern Ireland Office, took over from Ciaran Martin as CEO.

In December 2023, it was announced that Lindy Cameron would step down in early 2024.

In July 2024, the Centre in collaboration with international partners, revealed a North Korean state-sponsored cyber espionage campaign, aimed at stealing military and nuclear secrets. The advisory highlighted the actions of the Andariel group, linked to the DPRK’s Reconnaissance General Bureau's 3rd Bureau, targeting critical infrastructure globally to steal sensitive information and intellectual property. NCSC’s Director of Operations, Paul Chichester, emphasized the significance of protecting such data. Andariel's focus was primarily on sectors like defense, aerospace, nuclear, and engineering, with some attention to the medical and energy sectors. They also launched ransomware attacks against US healthcare organizations to fund further espionage. The advisory included technical details and mitigation strategies, urging network defenders to implement robust protections. The advisory was jointly issued by multiple agencies, including the NCSC, FBI, CISA, NSA, and Korean counterparts.

### List of chief executives

1. Ciaran Martin (3 October 2016 to 31 August 2020)
2. Lindy Cameron (1 October 2020 to present; *was Acting CEO (1 September 2020 to 30 September 2020)*)

## InfoBox

National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC)
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 3 October 2016 (3 October 2016) |
| Headquarters | Victoria, London, England, United Kingdom |
| Employees | \>1,000 |
| Annual budget | £1.9 billion (National Cyber Security Strategy, 2016–2021) |
| Agency executives | * Richard Horne, Acting CEO * Felicity Oswald, Chief Operating Officer (COO) * Paul Chichester, Director of Operations * Chris Ensor, Deputy Director for Cyber Growth * Eleanor Fairford, Deputy Director for Incident Management * Marsha Quallo-Wright, Deputy Director – Delivery, Engineering and Crypt-Key * Jonathon Ellison, Director for National Resilience and Future Technology * Ollie Whitehouse, Chief Technical Officer |
| Parent agency | Government Communications Headquarters |
| Website | www.ncsc.gov.uk |


abstract: Nauvoo–Colusa Community Unit School District 325 is a school district headquartered in Appanoose Township, just east of Nauvoo, Illinois. It serves northwestern Hancock County, including the city of Nauvoo and the unincorporated community of Colusa. It operates Nauvoo–Colusa Elementary School and Nauvoo–Colusa Junior High School. High school-aged students attend Warsaw High School, operated by Warsaw Community Unit School District 316.

text:
# Nauvoo–Colusa Community Unit School District 325

**Nauvoo–Colusa Community Unit School District 325** is a school district headquartered in Appanoose Township, just east of Nauvoo, Illinois. It serves northwestern Hancock County, including the city of Nauvoo and the unincorporated community of Colusa.

It operates Nauvoo–Colusa Elementary School and Nauvoo–Colusa Junior High School. High school-aged students attend Warsaw High School, operated by Warsaw Community Unit School District 316.

## History

In 2001, Dallas City High School closed in Dallas City. The Dallas City area was reassigned to Nauvoo-Colusa for high school, so that year 70 students and all but two of the Dallas City High teachers moved to Nauvoo-Colusa High School. The school's enrollment increased to 180 from 111, and all of the classrooms used as storage became active classrooms. The Dallas City district donated equipment to the Nauvoo-Colusa High School. In 2007, the Dallas City, High School Students, converged into the Illini West School District.

In 2007, the Nauvoo-Colusa school district and the Warsaw Community Unit School District 316 agreed to a plan in which Nauvoo-Colusa would close its high school and send its students to Warsaw High School. In return the Warsaw district would close its junior high school and send its students to Nauvoo-Colusa Junior High School. On Tuesday February 12, 2008 voters in both districts approved the deactivation plans. High school students attended Nauvoo-Colusa High School from 1961 to 2008.

In 2015, The Elementary School moved to the Nauvoo-Colusa High School.

## Athletics

Nauvoo-Colusa's Junior High School athletics participate in the Hancock County Conference and are members of the Illinois Elementary School Association.

### Boys

* Baseball
* Basketball
* Track

### Girls

* Basketball
* Track
* Volleyball

### Notable team state finishes

* Boys basketball: High School Class 1A 1997–98 State Champions , 8th Grade Class 1A 1995 State Champions, 7th Grade Class !A 1993 (4th place), 8th Grade Class 1A 1996 (4th place), 7th Grade Class 2A 2020 (Elite 8)
* Girls basketball: West Hancock Coop (Hamilton, Nauvoo-Colusa, Warsaw) State Champions Class 2A 2008, West Hancock Coop Runner-up Class 2A 2009, 8th Grade Class 2A 2021 (2nd place), 7th Grade Class 2A 2023 State Champions
* Boys baseball: 7th and 8th Grade Class 2A 2009 (Elite 8)
* Girls volleyball: 7th Grade Class 2A 2016 (Elite 8)

## Further reading

* Former Superintendents:

Dr. Kent H. Young, Richard Heisler, Terry Bethel, Kenneth Nudd

## InfoBox

| Nauvoo–Colusa Community Unit School District 325 | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
| 2461 N. State Highway 96 Nauvoo, Illinois, 62354
United States | |
| Coordinates | 40°33′37″N 91°18′19″W / 40.560408°N 91.305287°W / 40.560408; -91.305287 (District office) |
| District information | |
| Grades | PreK–8 |
| Established | 1961 |
| President | Joe Radel |
| Vice-president | Neva Koechle |
| Superintendent | Mr. Mark Scott |
| Schools | Nauvoo–Colusa Junior High School (7–8)
Nauvoo–Colusa Elementary school (PreK–6) |
| NCES District ID | 1727780 |
| Students and staff | |
| Students | 251 (2018–19) |
| Athletic conference | Hancock County Conference |
| District mascot | Vikings |
| Colors | Black and white
 |
| Other information | |
| Website | nauvoo-colusa.com |


title: Navy Directory

abstract: A Navy Directory, formerly the Navy List or Naval Register is an official list of naval officers, their ranks and seniority, the ships which they command or to which they are appointed, etc., that is published by the government or naval authorities of a country.

text:
# Navy Directory

A **Navy Directory**, formerly the **Navy List** or **Naval Register** is an official list of naval officers, their ranks and seniority, the ships which they command or to which they are appointed, etc., that is published by the government or naval authorities of a country.

## Background

The Navy List fulfills an important function in international law in that warships are required by article 29 of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea to be commanded by a commissioned officer whose name appears in the appropriate service list. Past copies of the Navy List are also important sources of information for historians and genealogists. When a ship is removed from the navy list of any country, the ship is said to be "stricken."

The Navy List for the Royal Navy is no longer published in hard-copy. The Royal Navy (United Kingdom) publishes annual lists of active and reserve officers, and biennial lists of retired officers. In 2015, the Navy List of the Royal Navy was renamed the "Navy Directory." The equivalent in the United States Navy is the *Naval Vessel Register*, which is updated online on a continuous basis.

## Resources

Good sources of Royal Navy *Navy Lists* are:

* The Central Library Portsmouth, Guildhall Square.
* The National Archives, Kew, that has an almost complete set including unpublished editions produced during the Second World War for internal use by the Admiralty.
* The Caird Library of the National Maritime Museum has in its collection bound monthly lists published by the Admiralty, and the concurrently published Steel's Navy Lists

## Citations

1. Edwards, Paul. *Small United States and United Nations Warships in the Korean War*, p. 37 (McFarland, 2008).
2. *The Navy directory 2015*. Royal Navy. 22 December 2016. ASIN 0117731315. Previously known as Navy List. Containing lists of ships, establishments and Officers of the Fleet. On cover and title page: Compiled on the 1st January 2016
3. "Research guide B7: Royal Navy: Ship records". *Royal Museums Greenwich*. 11 June 2002. Retrieved 26 September 2020.

## General and cited references

* *The 1766 Navy List*, edited by E. C. Coleman, published by Ancholme Publishing, ISBN 0-9541443-0-9


title: Navia steyermarkii

abstract: Navia steyermarkii is a plant species in the genus Navia. This species is endemic to Venezuela.

text:
# Navia steyermarkii

***Navia steyermarkii*** is a plant species in the genus *Navia*. This species is endemic to Venezuela.

* Holst, Bruce K. (1 February 1994). "Checklist of Venezuelan Bromeliaceae with Notes on Species Distribution by State and Levels of Endemism". *Selbyana*. **15** (1). ISSN 2689-0682. JSTOR 41759858.

## InfoBox

| *Navia steyermarkii* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| *Clade*: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Bromeliaceae |
| Genus: | *Navia* |
| Species: | ***N. steyermarkii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Navia steyermarkii***<br>L.B.Sm. | |
|


abstract: The National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis (NIRT) is a tuberculosis research organization located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. NIRT carries out research on clinical, bacteriological as well as behavioural and epidemiological aspects of tuberculosis and HIV-TB.

text:
# National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis

The **National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis** **(NIRT)** is a tuberculosis research organization located in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. NIRT carries out research on clinical, bacteriological as well as behavioural and epidemiological aspects of tuberculosis and HIV-TB.

## Academics and Research

The NIRT (formerly known as the Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Centre) was set up in 1956 as a 5-year project, under the joint auspices of the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), World Health Organization (WHO) and the British Medical Research Council (BMRC). The institute is recognized for post-graduate training leading to the Ph.D. degrees in bacteriology, biochemistry, immunology and statistics by the Madras University and by the Inter-University Board of India and Sri Lanka.

## InfoBox

National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Established | 1956 |
| Research type | Public |
| Budget | 90 crore (US$11 million) |
| Field of research | Tuberculosis Research |
| Location | Chennai, India |
| Campus | Urban, Chetpet |
| Affiliations | University of Madras |
| Operating agency | ICMR |
| Website | nirt.res.in |


title: National symbols of Bahrain

abstract: The national symbols of Bahrain are official and unofficial flags, icons or cultural expressions that are emblematic, representative or otherwise characteristic of Bahrain and of its culture.

text:
# National symbols of Bahrain

The **national symbols of Bahrain** are official and unofficial flags, icons or cultural expressions that are emblematic, representative or otherwise characteristic of Bahrain and of its culture.

## Symbol

| Title | Name of Symbol | Picture |
| --- | --- | --- |
| National flag | Flag of Bahrain |  |
| Coat of arms | Coat of arms of Bahrain |  |
| National anthem | Bahrainona |  |
| National flower | None |  |
| National tree | Date palm |  |
| National bird | Bulbul |  |
| National animal | Arabian Oryx |  |


title: National symbols of Argentina

text:
# National symbols of Argentina

Argentina has a number of national symbols, some of which are extensively defined by law.

Here is the detail video National symbols of Argentina

## List of symbols

| Symbol | Image | Description |
| --- | --- | --- |
|
| National flag |
Flag of Argentina | It consists of three, equal in width, horizontal stripes, colored light blue, white and light blue, with the Sun of May in the center of the middle, white stripe. The flag was designed by Manuel Belgrano in 1812; it was adopted as a national symbol 20 July 1816. |
| Coat of arms |
Coat of arms of Argentina | It was established in its current form in 1944, but has its origins in the seal of the General Constituent Assembly of 1813. At the top we find the gold-yellowed Sun of May. The coat of arms symbolizes the rising of Argentina, the unity of the provinces of Argentina, power and willingness to defend freedom. |
| Cockade |
Cockade of Argentina | It was instituted by decree on February 18, 1812, by the First Triumvirate. The cockade was first used by the ladies of Buenos Aires during the events of the 1810 May Revolution. On February 18, 1812, the government decided to create the national cockade of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata with light blue at its outer border and centre, and white between both. Belgrano then used the same colours to design the national flag. |
| Sun of May |  | The Sun of May is a representation of the Inca sun god Inti. The sun, called the Sun of May, is engraved on an 1828 eight escudo, the first Argentine coin, approved in 1813 by the Constituent Assembly. It features 32 rays, 16 undulated and 16 straight in alternation, and since 1978 it must be embroidered in the official ceremonial flag. |
| National anthem |
"Himno Nacional Argentino"
(Argentine National Anthem) | The Argentine National Anthem, adopted in 1813, was written by Vicente López y Planes with music by Blas Parera. It has been subsequently shortened to only three paragraphs, after omitting the lyrics' attacks against former occupant Spain. Performance of the anthem is mandatory during all official events, and Argentines in attendance are expected to stand up and sing it. |
| Motto |
*En unión y libertad*
(In unity and freedom) | It was set in the 1813 General Assembly, during the War of Independence of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata from the Spanish Empire. It can be seen in all peso coins and banknotes currently in circulation. |
| Logo |
Logo of Argentina | It came from the Contest for the Visual Identity of the Argentina Brand, which took place in 2006. Through the presidential decree 1372/2008, the logo representing Argentina abroad became official. |
| Father of the Fatherland |
José de San Martín |  |
| National colours | Sky blue
#74acdf
White
#FFFFFF
Gold
#fcbf49
Blue (secondary)
#0067c6
 |
| National personification |
Effigy of the Republic/Liberty/Progress/Fatherland |
| |
Gaucho |
| National tree |
Ceibo |
| |
Red Quebracho |
| Floral emblem |
Ceibo flower |
| National animal/National bird |
Hornero |
| National gemstone |
Rhodochrosite |
| National sport |
Pato |
| National liquor |
Wine |
| National infusion |
Mate |
| National dish |
Asado |
| |
Locro |
| Patron saint |
Our Lady of Luján |  |


title: Natsuki Taki

abstract: Natsuki Taki is a Japanese announcer for Nippon TV.

text:
# Natsuki Taki

**Natsuki Taki** (滝 菜月, *Taki Natsuki*, born 11 June 1993) is a Japanese announcer for Nippon TV.

## Biography, personal life

She was born in Otofuke, Katō District, Hokkaido. After graduating from Hokkaido Obihiro Hakuyou High School, and Waseda University School of Commerce, she joined Nippon Television in 2016 at the same time as Ren Umezawa and Machiko Sato.

In her college days she won the Grand Prize in the beauty contest *Student Heroes! Presents Fresh Campus Contest 2012*. Her announcement school was TV Asahi Ask.

## Current appearance programmes

| Dates | Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2 Oct 2017 | *Hirunandesu* | Assistant |

## Former appearances

| Dates | Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 23 Jul  17 Sep 2016 | *Ban Repo* |  |
| 29, 30 Sep 2016 | *news every.* | Ayako Ito's substitute during summer vacation |
| 13 Dec 2016, 13 Feb 2018, 29 Oct 2019 | *Dancing Sanma Palace* |  |
| Sep 2016  18 Feb 2017 | *Audrey no NFL Club* |  |
| 22 Feb  27 Sep 2017 | *Oha! 4 News Live* | Newscaster |
| Jul 2016  Sep 2017 | *Shinsō News* | Aired on BS NTV; Friday sub-caster |
| Apr  Sep 2017 | *Zoom In!! Saturday* | News |
| 5 Mar  Sep 2017 | *Soccer Earth* |  |
| 7 Jan 2018, 6 Jan 2019 | *Shōten* |  |

## TV dramas

| Date | Title | Episode |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 23 Jul 2017 | *Aishiteta tte, Himitsu wa aru.* | 2 |

## InfoBox

| Natsuki Taki | |
| --- | --- |
| 滝 菜月 | |
| Born | (1993-06-11) 11 June 1993<br>Katō District, Hokkaido, Japan |
| Citizenship | Japan |
| Education | Waseda University School of Commerce |
| Years active | 2016 |
| Employer | Nippon TV |
| Television | * *Oha! 4 News Live* * *Shinsō News* |
| Website | Natsuki Taki Announce Room |


title: Nederhorst den Berg

abstract: Nederhorst den Berg is a village in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. It lies about 8 km northwest of Hilversum in the Vechtstreek area, near the Vecht river. Until 1 January 2002, it was a separate municipality; it is now part of the municipality of Wijdemeren. The village was first mentioned in 1326 as "opten berch", and means "lower height with growth". Neder (lower) could have been added to distinguish from the former castle Hoogerhorst aan de Eem. The height refers to a five metre high sandy ridge. Nederhorst den Berg is a peat excavation settlement from the Early Middle Ages. It used to be part of Utrecht, but was transferred to North Holland in 1819. In the 13th century, Nederhorst den Berg Castle was built with octagon corner towers and surrounded by a moat. In 1635, the castle was enlarged and the courtyard was built over. The castle was destroyed by the French in 1672. In 1695, it was rebuilt. The castle burnt down in 1971, and was rebuilt in 1973. The Dutch Reformed Willibrordus Church has a 12th century tower.

text:
# Nederhorst den Berg

**Nederhorst den Berg** (Dutch pronunciation: \[ˈneːdərɦɔrz dɛm ˈbɛr(ə)x\]) is a village in the province of North Holland, Netherlands. It lies about 8 km northwest of Hilversum in the Vechtstreek area, near the Vecht river. Until 1 January 2002, it was a separate municipality; it is now part of the municipality of Wijdemeren.

The village was first mentioned in 1326 as "opten berch", and means "lower height with growth". Neder (lower) could have been added to distinguish from the former castle Hoogerhorst aan de Eem. The height refers to a five metre high sandy ridge. Nederhorst den Berg is a peat excavation settlement from the Early Middle Ages. It used to be part of Utrecht, but was transferred to North Holland in 1819.

In the 13th century, Nederhorst den Berg Castle was built with octagon corner towers and surrounded by a moat. In 1635, the castle was enlarged and the courtyard was built over. The castle was destroyed by the French in 1672. In 1695, it was rebuilt. The castle burnt down in 1971, and was rebuilt in 1973.

The Dutch Reformed Willibrordus Church has a 12th century tower.

## InfoBox

| Nederhorst den Berg | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Nederhorst den Berg, 2008 | |
|  | |
| Nederhorst den BergLocation in the NetherlandsNederhorst den BergLocation in the province of North Holland in the Netherlands | |
| Coordinates: 52°16′N 5°3′E / 52.267°N 5.050°E / 52.267; 5.050 | |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Province | North Holland |
| Municipality | Wijdemeren |
| Area | |
| Total | 14.67 km2 (5.66 sq mi) |
| Elevation | −0.7 m (−2.3 ft) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 5,560 |
| Density | 380/km2 (980/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 1394 |
| Dialing code | 0294 |


title: Nederkalix dialect

abstract: Nederkalix dialect is a traditional Norrland dialect of Swedish, spoken in the historical parishes of Nederkalix and Töre in modern-day Kalix Municipality in Norrbotten in Sweden. The traditional Nederkalix dialect, like the other Norrland dialects, is very divergent from Standard Swedish, containing both archaisms and innovations in the phonological and grammatical systems. The Nederkalix dialect retains Old Norse diphthongs, Old Swedish light syllables, and many initial consonants lost in Standard Swedish. In terms of morphology, the dialect has also preserved plural agreement of verbs, as well as the dative case, which have been lost in Standard Swedish. The Nederkalix dialect has innovated many diphthongs from older long vowels. It also displays features such as vowel balance, apocope, and vowel harmony, all common in many Norrland dialects. Nasal consonants have been lost before a following plosive, with subsequent vowel nasalization. Like many other Norrland dialects, it has also innovated an extended use of the definite form and a preproprial article before proper names. The Nederkalix dialect is most closely related to other traditional dialects in Norrbotten, especially the neighboring Överkalix dialect in the north. The three parishes constituted one single Kalix parish until the mid 17th century, when Överkalix parish split from Nederkalix, and the two dialects diverged. The Nederkalix and Överkalix dialects are however often considered to be mutually unintelligible.

text:
# Nederkalix dialect

**Nederkalix dialect** (sometimes plainly *Kalix dialect*; endonym: *kölismåle* \[kœɽɪsˈmɔːɽɛ\]) is a traditional Norrland dialect of Swedish, spoken in the historical parishes (Swedish: *socknar*) of Nederkalix and Töre in modern-day Kalix Municipality in Norrbotten in Sweden. The traditional Nederkalix dialect, like the other Norrland dialects, is very divergent from Standard Swedish, containing both archaisms and innovations in the phonological and grammatical systems.

The Nederkalix dialect retains Old Norse diphthongs, Old Swedish light syllables, and many initial consonants lost in Standard Swedish. In terms of morphology, the dialect has also preserved plural agreement of verbs, as well as the dative case, which have been lost in Standard Swedish.

The Nederkalix dialect has innovated many diphthongs from older long vowels. It also displays features such as vowel balance, apocope (with preserved double-peak pitch accent), and vowel harmony, all common in many Norrland dialects. Nasal consonants have been lost before a following plosive, with subsequent vowel nasalization. Like many other Norrland dialects, it has also innovated an extended use of the definite form and a preproprial article before proper names.

The Nederkalix dialect is most closely related to other traditional dialects in Norrbotten, especially the neighboring Överkalix dialect in the north. The three parishes constituted one single Kalix parish until the mid 17th century, when Överkalix parish split from Nederkalix, and the two dialects diverged. The Nederkalix and Överkalix dialects are however often considered to be mutually unintelligible.

## Documentation

The oldest preserved manuscripts in the Kalix dialect is an 1879 description of the area, a text which is used as a standard of genuinity. The Kalix dialect was first described by a thesis work by Hulda Rutberg, starting the year 1908 and ventilated at Uppsala University in 1924. The book contains many words and an extensive description of phonology and grammar. The language is also covered in later documentation, and by many recordings from the 1960s. The work of communities such as *Föreningen Kalix Bygdemål*, founded 1992, has kept collecting words and expressions to an extensive word lexicon, and is still active today.

## Phonology

The Kalix dialect has, according to Rutberg, 18 vowel monophthongs, 10 vowel diphthongs, and 29 consonants.

| IPA | Ex.IPA | Ex.Latin | Translation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | iːln | i:ln | the fire |
|  | hɪn | hin | here |
|  | snyːn | sny:n | the snow |
|  | ʏvɪ | yvi | over |
|  | ve:r | ve:r | weather |
|  | mɛstɛ | meste | almost |
|  | ʝæɾ | jär | is (singular) |
|  | røː | rö: | red (singular) |
|  |  |  | now |
|  | hʉl | hul | was going to |
|  | ʝʊ | jo | yes/well |
|  | anar | anar | another |
|  | lɑːk | la:k | long |
|  | kɒm | kom | came |
|  | gɔːɳ | gå:rn | the yard |

## Grammar

### Noun gender

Three grammatical genders exist:

* Feminine: e.g. "ha:ta" (the hand), "nagla" (the nail), "å:dra" (the vein), "sköuldra" (the shoulder), "påp:a" (the father), "måm:a" (the mother), "kjat:a" (the cat). But also "kuno" (the woman), "stuo" (the cottage), "sögo" (the saga).
* Masculine: e.g. "ståoLn" (the stool), "fåotn" (the foot), "armen" (the arm), "armboan" (the elbow), "tåomen" (the thumb), "måon" (the mouth).
* Neuter: "öe"/"öge" (the eye), "öre" (the ear), "höure" (the head), "bene" (the leg), "feingre" (the finger), "kni:e" (the knee), "bån:e" (the child).

Basically, words that in their definite form end with an "n" are masculine, an "e" is neuter, and all vowel except "e" are feminine.

General ending for words following the nouns are in feminine "-ar", masculine "-en", neuter "-e" or "-t", and plural "-er". Ex.

* Feminine: "he jär menar stuo" (it is my cottage) "hö ha:ar eingar på:åp" (she had no dad), "hukar kuno?" (which woman?), "woLar viko" (every week)
* Masculine: "men ståoL" (my stool), "anworn da" (every second day), "in tuken fåot" (such a foot)
* Neuter: "i lätet bån" (a little child), "tuke schwammeL" (such bullshit), "i anne å:r" (another year)
* Plural: "tuker stäinto" (such girls), "huker då:a?" (which days?), "einger feingro" (no fingers)

### Definite and indefinite nouns

The definite noun form is used in a broader sense than in other Scandinavian languages, widespread in all dialects spoken in northern Scandinavia. Some examples: "je skå nå:åp i gröut ve bera" – I'll pick some (the)berries, "kunin jåra ät som kåran" – (the) women are not like (the) men. Definiteviness can be divided into four categories depending on the noun's plural form. Examples of usage with the feminine word "i fLa:ask" (a bottle / a flask):

* Enumerating indefinite, equal to singular or differs on accent only: "je ha:ar to fLa:ask" (I had two flasks), "i döusin fLa:ask" (a dozen flasks), "je ha fLe:r fLa:ask än di:" (I have more flasks than you), "ma:ak fLa:ask" (many flasks).
* Non-enumerating indefinite, "-o" ending: "he jär naer/einger/in del fLasko ini tjälaro" (there are some/no/some flasks in the cellar), "aar fLasko" (other flasks), "tuker fLasko" (such flasks), "he jär la:ka fLasko ini tjälaro" (there are long flasks in the cellar).
* Definite usage, "-en" ending: "he jär mytji fLasken ini tjälaro" (there are a lot of flasks in the cellar), "å:åll fLasken jåra bå:årt" (all flasks are gone), "höundratale å fLasken" (hundreds of flasks), "he var fLasken ållostans" (there were flasks everywhere), "whiskeyfLasken" (wiskey flasks), "we hå:å la:kfLasken å röundfLasken" (we have long flasks and round flasks), "di ha:ar snört fLasken ållostans" (they had thrown flasks everywhere).
* Definite "-en": "ta ve de fLasken då do gja öut" (take the flasks with you when you go out)

For masculine nouns, the four forms are e.g. "in bi:l" (a car) "to bi:il" (two cars) "naer bi:lo" (some cars), "mytji bi:lan" (many cars), and "bi:lan" (the cars). Neuter definitive plural ending is "-a". Non-enumerative words e.g. "i höus" (a house), "i gåLv" (a floor) are exceptions lacking the "-o" form.

### Case

Dative is separated from the accusative and nominative case, e.g. feminine: "Din jär SkåoLa, je siti ini skå:oLn" (there is the school, I am sitting in the school), masculine: "je sei tjälarn, he lik na ini tjälaro" (I see the basement, it's something in the basement).

Several forms of genitive cases exists, e.g. "Je ha ons Enok bi:l" (I have Enok's car), "je fick bre:ve än Anna" (I got Anna's letter), "kLåk:a gran:o" (The neighbor's clock).

### Verbs

Verbs are conjugated in singular and plural, unlike modern standard Swedish: "hån jär" (he is) but "di jåra" (they are), "hö löut se" (she leans herself) but "di lö:ut se" (they lean themselves), "je far" (I go) but "we fåra" (we go), "je vil" (I want) but "di vili" (they want). But there are irregular verbs which does not differ, e.g. "je liot fåra" (I have to go) / "we liot fåra" (we have to go).

### Adjectives

Most adjectives are equal in singular and plural, similar to English but distinct from many other Scandinavian languages, e.g.: "dö:rn jär ipi" (the door is open) and "doran jåra ipi" (the doors are open), "bå:ne jär vötchin" (the child is awake) and "bå:na jåra vötchin" (the children are awake), "do jär wälkymin heit" (she is welcome here) and "di jåra wälkymin heit" (they are welcome here).

Other adjectives differs in singular and plural, and have two plural forms, e.g. "flaska jär rö:" (the flask is red), "rö:a flasko, so jåra rö:ö" (red flasks, that are red).

Adjectives can also be joined with nouns, e.g. "råLkafötren" (dirty feet), or serially joined, e.g. "lilvåckerstäinta" (the little beautiful girl).

### Preproprial article

A preproprial article is widespread traditional Norrland dialects and is also found in many parts of Norway. It functions as an obligatory article before proper names and kinship terms. In the Nederkalix dialect, it takes the form *on* or *en* in the masculine, and *na* or *a* in the feminine. There are also separate dative forms of the article: *nu* or *u* in the masculine, and *en* in the feminine, but the basic (nominative) forms are also used in the dative.

## Writing systems

The Nederkalix dialect, like the absolute majority of Swedish dialects, lack a standard orthography. In early dialectological descriptions, the phonetic Swedish Dialect Alphabet was used to transcribe the dialect. In more non-scientific contexts, the Swedish alphabet has been used, including the letters ⟨å ä ö⟩ and certain ad-hoc representations of sounds not found in Standard Swedish, e.g. a capitalized or boldface ⟨l⟩ for the retroflex flap, a colon ⟨:⟩ for marking long vowels etc.

### Notes

### Bibliography

* Dahlstedt, Karl-Hampus (1983). "Överkalix: en språkets sprängmina i norr". *Thule* (in Swedish). Vol. 1983:3–4. pp. 28–32.
* Delsing, Lars-Olof (2003). "Syntaktisk variation i nordiska nominalfraser". In Vangsnes, Øystein Alexander; Holmberg, Anders; Delsing, Lars-Olof (eds.). *Dialektsyntaktiska studier av den nordiska nominalfrasen* (PDF). Oslo: Novus. pp. 11–64. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-10.
* Källskog, Margareta (1995). "nederkalixmål". In Edlund, Lars-Erik; Frängsmyr, Tore (eds.). *Norrländsk uppslagsbok: ett uppslagsverk på vetenskaplig grund om den norrländska regionen. Bd 3 \[Lapp-Reens\]* (in Swedish). Umeå: Norrlands univ.-förl. pp. 186–188. ISBN 919724841X.
* Lundbäck, Ernst (1967). "Kalixmålet: några språkhistoriska anteckningar". *Kalix. D. 1, Namn och språk* (in Swedish). 1967: \[141\]-150 : ill.
* Pamp, Bengt (1978). *Svenska dialekter* (in Swedish). Stockholm: Natur o. kultur.
* Rutberg, Hulda (1924). "Folkmålet i Nederkalix och Töre socknar" (PDF). *Svenska landsmål och svenskt folkliv* (in Swedish).
* *Åolleist opa kölismåle* (in Swedish) (new ed.). Kalix: Fören. Kalix bygdemål. 2006.

## InfoBox

| Nederkalix dialect | |
| --- | --- |
| *kölismåle* | |
| Pronunciation | \[kœɽɪsˈmɔːɽɛ\] |
| Native to | Sweden |
| Region | Kalix Municipality |
| Language family | Indo-European |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 |  |
| *Glottolog* | *None* |
| Dialect areas in Norrbotten County with the Kalix dialect in light blue | |
|


title: Navasota High School

abstract: Navasota High School is a public high school located in the city of Navasota, Texas, USA and classified as a 4A school by the University Interscholastic League. It is a part of the Navasota Independent School District located in south central Grimes County. In 2016, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency. Its attendance boundary includes Navasota, Pinebrook, Plantersville, Todd Mission, Millican, and Stoneham.

text:
# Navasota High School

**Navasota High School** is a public high school located in the city of Navasota, Texas, USA and classified as a 4A school by the University Interscholastic League. It is a part of the Navasota Independent School District located in south central Grimes County. In 2016, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

Its attendance boundary includes Navasota, Pinebrook, Plantersville, Todd Mission, Millican, and Stoneham.

## Athletics

The Navasota Rattlers compete in volleyball, cross country, football, basketball, soccer, powerlifting, golf, tennis, track, baseball, and softball.

### State titles

*Navasota* (University Interscholastic League)

* Boys Basketball
    + 1990(3A)
* Football
    + 2012(3A/D2), 2014(4A/D1)

*Navasota Carver* (PVIL)

* Boys Basketball
    + 1959(PVIL-3A)

#### State Finalist

*Navasota* (University Interscholastic League)

* Football
    + 1988(3A)

## Notable alumni

## InfoBox

| Navasota High School | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 1 Rattler Dr.
Navasota, Texas 77868
United States | |
| Coordinates | 30°24′02″N 96°04′08″W / 30.4006°N 96.0690°W / 30.4006; -96.0690 |
| Information | |
| School type | Public high school |
| School district | Navasota Independent School District |
| Principal | Derek Bowman |
| Teaching staff | 72.20 (FTE) |
| Grades | 9-12 |
| Enrollment | 884 (2022–2023) |
| Student to teacher ratio | 12.24 |
| Color(s) |  |
| Athletics conference | UIL Class AAAA |
| Mascot | Rattler |
| Website | Navasota High School |


title: Nature Chemical Biology

abstract: Nature Chemical Biology is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Portfolio. It was established in June 2005 by founding Chief Editor Terry L. Sheppard as part of Nature Publishing Group. Sheppard was the Chief Editor of the journal 2004–2022. The current editor-in-chief is Russell Johnson.

text:
# Nature Chemical Biology

***Nature Chemical Biology*** is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Nature Portfolio. It was established in June 2005 by founding Chief Editor Terry L. Sheppard as part of Nature Publishing Group. Sheppard was the Chief Editor of the journal 2004–2022. The current editor-in-chief is Russell Johnson.

## Aims and scope

The publishing focus of *Nature Chemical Biology* is a forum for original research and commentary in chemical biology. Published topics encompass concepts and research methods in chemistry, biology, and related disciplines with the result of controlling biological systems at the molecular level. Authors (contributors) are chemical biologists, also chemists involved in interdisciplinary research between chemistry and biology, along with biologists who produce research results in understanding and controlling biological processes at the molecular level.

Interdisciplinary research in chemistry and biology is emphasized. The journal's main focus in this area is fundamental research which illuminates available chemical and biological tools, as well as mechanisms underpinning biological processes. Also included are studies articulating applications at the molecular level when combining these two disciplines. Emphasis is also given to innovations in methods and theory produced from cross-disciplinary studies.

The readership for *Nature Chemical Biology*, which also functions as a forum, are researchers in the chemical and life sciences. Besides original research articles, this journal also publishes reviews, perspectives, highlights of research in this and other journals, correspondence, and commentaries.

## Abstracting and indexing

*Nature Chemical Biology* is indexed in the following databases:

According to the *Journal Citation Reports*, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of 16.290, ranking it 13th out of 296 journals in the category "Biochemistry & Molecular Biology".

## InfoBox

*Nature Chemical Biology*
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Discipline | Chemical biology |
| Language | English |
| Edited by | Russell Johnson |
| Publication details | |
| History | 2005–present |
| Publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| Frequency | Monthly |
| Open access | Hybrid |
| Impact factor | 16.290 (2021) |
| Standard abbreviations
 | |
| ISO 4 | *Nat. Chem. Biol.* |
| Indexing
 | |
| CODEN | NCBABT |
| ISSN | 1552-4450 (print)
1552-4469 (web)
 |
| LCCN | 2004215507 |
| OCLC no. | 56476033 |
| Links | |
|  | |


title: Nature Center at Shaker Lakes

abstract: The Nature Center at Shaker Lakes is a nonprofit organization in Shaker Heights, Ohio, that works to conserve a natural area, educate visitors about nature, and promote better environmental stewardship. It was founded in 1966 as the result of a volunteer effort to preserve the Shaker Parklands from becoming the route for a new freeway connecting Cleveland's east side to Downtown Cleveland. The nature center offers curriculum-related school programs, including an early childhood program for several east side school districts and the Cleveland Metropolitan School District. Walkers, runners, and birdwatchers use the trails for exercise and recreation. The center is home to many wildlife and plant species living in a variety of natural habitats, including marsh, brook, field, forest, and ravine. The Nature Center's trails do not allow dogs; however, Service Dogs are allowed. There are trails around the Nature Center that allow dogs such as the Lower Lake Trail.

text:
# Nature Center at Shaker Lakes

The **Nature Center at Shaker Lakes** is a nonprofit organization in Shaker Heights, Ohio, that works to conserve a natural area, educate visitors about nature, and promote better environmental stewardship. It was founded in 1966 as the result of a volunteer effort to preserve the Shaker Parklands from becoming the route for a new freeway connecting Cleveland's east side to Downtown Cleveland.

The nature center offers curriculum-related school programs, including an early childhood program for several east side school districts and the Cleveland Metropolitan School District. Walkers, runners, and birdwatchers use the trails for exercise and recreation.

The center is home to many wildlife and plant species living in a variety of natural habitats, including marsh, brook, field, forest, and ravine.

The Nature Center's trails do not allow dogs; however, Service Dogs are allowed. There are trails around the Nature Center that allow dogs such as the Lower Lake Trail.

## Shaker Lakes

The Shaker Lakes are a system of parklands, connected to the Doan Brook Parklands, through which the Doan Brook runs. The Shaker Lakes Park is a natural and semiwild area located at the intersection of three municipalities. It includes two lakes created by the Shakers at the North Union Shaker Site when they dammed Doan Brook to power their industries. The swamp and woodland areas constitute a small wilderness in the heaviest concentration of population in Ohio, making it available for study and recreation. It is available to people of Greater Cleveland year-round for walking, photography, painting, nature study, rest, and family recreation. The Nature Center at Shaker Lakes does not manage Horseshoe or Lower lakes.

The nature center serves much of Cleveland's east side including the Shaker Square and Buckeye neighborhoods. It also serves eastside suburbs of Cleveland including Shaker Heights, Cleveland Heights, University Heights, East Cleveland, Beachwood, and South Euclid.

## Programs and volunteer opportunities

The Nature Center at Shaker Lakes provides students with school field trips, year-round Outdoor Adventure Camps, and outdoor classes and other educational nature-centric events and programs, including the annual Nature at Night benefit.

The Nature Center at Shaker Lakes offers a wide range of opportunities for volunteers ages 13 and up. Environmental stewardship events are held throughout the year to help conserve and preserve the property's 20 acres (8.1 ha) of natural, native species.

## Nature center facilities

The Nature Center at Shaker Lakes has indoor and outdoor facilities open to the public and is available for rentals, including birthday parties, weddings, and more. It houses classrooms, a meeting room, exhibit areas, a library, and The Duck Pond, a nature-themed gift store. The Jean Eakin Bird Observation Station, the Murphy Carfagna Wildlife Balcony, and a gallery overlook the grounds. There is also an outdoor pavilion, the All People's Trail, and Stearns Woodland Trail in the woodlands surrounding the Nature Center. The 0.4-mile-long (0.64 km) All People's Trail is a barrier-free, elevated boardwalk, designed to be ADA accessible for visitors with all physical abilities. A new All People's Trail was constructed in late 2019 and is now open to the public. Features include a whimsical handcrafted Rose Foundation Gazebo and wider boardwalk with wildlife viewing areas for classes and gatherings. The Stearns Woodland Trail is one mile (1.6 km) long and begins at the Nature Center's Wildflower Garden. The trail runs through several wooded, native habitats along the south branch of Cleveland's Doan Brook.

## History

In 1896, the Shaker Lakes Park was deeded to the Doan Brook Park Commission to become part of the park system which included Ambler, Wade, Rockefeller, and Gordon parks. In 1915, the deed transferred to the city of Cleveland by order of the Supreme Court of Ohio. In 1947, the Shaker Lakes Park was leased to the cities of Shaker Heights and Cleveland Heights for the portions of the park falling within their boundaries. 1964 and 1965 saw the proposal for construction of the Clark and Lee freeways which would provide a more direct route from Downtown Cleveland to Interstate 271. The Clark Freeway would run through the park on either side of the Doan Brook. The intersection of the proposed Clark and Lee freeways would have intersected right where the nature center stands today.

An effort to oppose the freeway was led by the Park Conservation Committee and 35 garden clubs and six civic organizations. An overall committee, the Committee for Sane Transportation and Environmental Policy (CSTEP) was formed and developed several strategies. These included walks for officials and residents through the parklands, discussions with schools in the surrounding communities about the need for nature education, an effort to get citizens to write letters and protest the construction of the freeway, and the commissioning of an Audubon report about the feasibility of a nature center. The Audubon appraisal concluded that, "For the study of conservation and nature in an outdoor laboratory, there is no comparable area to the park within the limits of Greater Cleveland."

In mid-1966, recreation programs were held in the lakes area and funding was given to continue with a naturalist for school classes in the fall. On September 15, 1966, the Shaker Lakes Regional Nature Center was formed and incorporated, and fundraising began for the establishment of a building. A lease and permission to build the center was negotiated with the city of Cleveland, while the Park Conservation Committee simultaneously worked toward getting the center designated as a National Environmental Education Landmark. In 1970, a meeting was held at Shaker Heights Middle School with a presentation to Governor James Rhodes about the proposed freeway. Rhodes subsequently directed that the route for the Clark Freeway be withdrawn from the Interstate Highway System.

Maxwell Norcross, an architect in Cleveland from 1923 to 1970 and a member of the Shaker Heights architectural board, designed the nature center. The building was paid for largely through individual contributions and was completed in November 1969. Gary Nelson was hired as the first full-time director in 1971. That same year, the Stearns Memorial Nature Trail and the Wildflower Garden were constructed with contributions from the Shaker Lakes Garden Club. In 1973, the building was remodeled to create additional office and library space. In 1982, the All People's Trail was constructed, followed by the redesign of the Stearns Memorial Trail and the addition of an east wing in 1985. In 2003, the nature center used sustainable building practices to renovate and update its indoor facilities to include upgraded and expanded classrooms, community meeting rooms, a nature experience area, a bird observation station, and the gift shop.

## Designations

The nature center was named a National Environmental Education Landmark in 1971 by the National Park Service (NPS) of the United States Department of the Interior, making it one of the first organizations to be recognized as such. It is also designated as a National Environmental Study Area by the NPS for the unique educational opportunities offered by the diverse natural habitats found in its urban setting. In 2003, Audubon designated it as a worldwide Important Bird Area. After renovating and expanding its facilities in 2003 using sustainable building practices, the nature center received the Environmental Protection Agency's 2004 Energy Star Award for Excellence in Energy Efficiency. In 2006, the nature center was certified as an official Wildlife Habitat site by the National Wildlife Federation. The nature center is also listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Further reading

* Pacini, Lauren R.; Peskin, Laura M. (2016). *Preserving the Shaker Parklands: The Story of the Nature Center at Shaker Lakes*. Cleveland, Ohio: Artography Press. ISBN 9780692750353.
* Gooch, Laura C. (2001). *The Doan Brook Handbook: A Guide to the Shaker Lakes, Rockefeller Park, the Cleveland Cultural Gardens, and Points Between*. Cleveland, Ohio: The Nature Center at Shaker Lakes. ISBN 9780970910806.

41°29′6″N 81°34′27″W / 41.48500°N 81.57417°W / 41.48500; -81.57417

## InfoBox

Nature Center at Shaker Lakes
|
|  |
| Founded | 1966 (1966) |
| Type | 501(c)(3) nonprofit |
| Tax ID no. | 34-6576569 |
| Purpose | Conservation, education |
| Headquarters | 2600 S Park Blvd |
| Location |  |
| Region served | Shaker Lakes |
| Services | School programs |
| Board chair | Meg Hunter |
| Main organ | Board |
| Revenue (2022) | $1.82 m |
| Expenses (2022) | $1.87 m |
| Funding | Grants, program services |
| Staff (2022) | 36 |
| Website | www.shakerlakes.org |


title: Nemglan

abstract: Nemglan is a supernatural figure who appears as a minor character in the Togail Bruidne Dá Derga, or "The Destruction of Da Derga's Hostel", a tale from Irish mythology. Little is known about him, being mentioned only in this tale, which survives in versions from the 12th century onward. He is called a birdman or king of the birds. His name appears to be Old Irish for 'heavenly clean' or 'unclean'. Nemglan "appeared to the heroine Mess Búachalla in the form of a bird and seduced her", fathering Conaire Mór, the high king of Ireland.

text:
# Nemglan

**Nemglan** is a supernatural figure who appears as a minor character in the *Togail Bruidne Dá Derga*, or "The Destruction of Da Derga's Hostel", a tale from Irish mythology. Little is known about him, being mentioned only in this tale, which survives in versions from the 12th century onward. He is called a birdman or king of the birds. His name appears to be Old Irish for 'heavenly clean' or 'unclean'. Nemglan "appeared to the heroine Mess Búachalla in the form of a bird and seduced her", fathering Conaire Mór, the high king of Ireland.


title: Nebraska–Penn State volleyball rivalry

abstract: The Nebraska–Penn State volleyball rivalry is a college women's volleyball rivalry between the Cornhuskers of the University of Nebraska–Lincoln and the Nittany Lions of Pennsylvania State University. Both programs are among the most successful in the history of NCAA Division I women's volleyball. Prior to 2011, the teams competed frequently as out-of-conference opponents and met nine times in the NCAA tournament. Since Nebraska joined the Big Ten they have typically played twice annually as conference opponents. Nebraska leads the series 28–11.

text:
# Nebraska–Penn State volleyball rivalry

500km
300miles Penn State  NebraskaLocations of Nebraska and Penn State

The **Nebraska–Penn State volleyball rivalry** is a college women's volleyball rivalry between the Cornhuskers of the University of Nebraska–Lincoln and the Nittany Lions of Pennsylvania State University. Both programs are among the most successful in the history of NCAA Division I women's volleyball. Prior to 2011, the teams competed frequently as out-of-conference opponents and met nine times in the NCAA tournament. Since Nebraska joined the Big Ten they have typically played twice annually as conference opponents. Nebraska leads the series 28–11.

## History

### Early years

Nebraska and Penn State are two of the most decorated programs in collegiate volleyball history. The Cornhuskers have the most wins, conference championships, and All-Americans of any program, while the Nittany Lions lead in win percentage and rank second in national championships. They have met eleven times in the NCAA Division I women's volleyball tournament, with Nebraska hosting and winning eight of them, though Penn State is 2–1 in three national semifinal meetings. Both teams have been ranked in the AVCA Top 25 for all but one of their thirty-six matches, and both have been in the top ten for twenty-four, including nineteen straight meetings from 1994 to 2016.

The first meeting between the Cornhuskers and Nittany Lions was a 15–2, 15–8 Penn State sweep on October 2, 1981 in Springfield, Missouri as part of the Southwest Missouri State Invitational. Despite losing the first match between the programs, Terry Pettit and Nebraska soon became the first Midwestern national power in a sport that was still largely dominated by West Coast programs (seventeen of the first twenty-four NCAA Tournaments were won by schools from California, with three more from Hawaii). NU won nine of the next ten meetings with PSU, and knocked the Nittany Lions out of the NCAA tournament six times between 1982 and 1996, including a 3–1 win over 44–0 Penn State in the 1990 Mideast Regional Final. Pettit's run of success culminated in 1995 with Nebraska's first national championship, a title run that included a 3–1 win over Penn State in the regional semifinal.

### National powers

Penn State's fortunes, both on the national scene and against Nebraska, began to turn in 1997; the Nittany Lions beat the Cornhuskers for the third time and spent much of the year ranked No. 1, reaching the national title game. In 1998, the programs met in the national semifinal for the first time. Undefeated Penn State beat Nebraska 3–1 to set up a match with undefeated Long Beach State, though PSU lost the title game for a second consecutive year. Penn State head coach Russ Rose, a Nebraska graduate and former assistant, won his first national title the following year, which included an early-season win over Nebraska in Lincoln.

After meeting fourteen times in the first eighteen years of the rivalry, Nebraska and Penn State played just three times in the 2000s, due largely to the national expansion of college volleyball and the lack of necessity for the schools to be placed in the same tournament region. What this period in the rivalry lacked in frequency it made up for in quality, as all three of these matchups included the No. 1 team in the country. Either Nebraska or Penn State occupied the No. 1 spot in the AVCA national poll for eighty-one consecutive weeks, a streak that stretched from November 29, 2004 to September 13, 2010. NU, led by head coach John Cook following Pettit's retirement in 1999, won national championships in 2000 and 2006, and Penn State followed by winning an NCAA-record four consecutive titles from 2007 to 2010. The 2008 national semifinal meeting between the schools is often considered one of the great college volleyball games ever played.

### Conference opponents

The rivalry became an annual occurrence for the first time when the University of Nebraska–Lincoln joined the Big Ten in 2011. In a press conference prior to Nebraska's first Big Ten season, Cook quipped of Rose, "Russ and I — I wouldn't say we're best friends, but we have a good relationship. It's hot and cold. It's like dating."

For several years the teams largely traded blows in conference play, splitting the first eight Big Ten matchups evenly. However, on the national scene Penn State continued its dominance over the rest of the country, winning another set of back-to-back national championships in 2013 and 2014 to give Rose a record-setting seven titles in total. Since the last of these titles, the series has decisively flipped to Nebraska, which has taken twelve of the past thirteen meetings with Penn State, including both NCAA Tournament matchups. Cook has taken NU to the national title game four times since PSU's last appearance, winning in 2015 and 2017.

In 2021, Rose, the only coach in Penn State volleyball history, retired with a career record of 1,330–229; his 1,264 wins in the NCAA era are the most all-time. Former Penn State outside hitter Katie Schumacher-Cawley was named his replacement.

## Memorable games

### Dec. 17, 1998: No. 2 Penn State 3, No. 3 Nebraska 1

Nebraska and Penn State met in the national semifinal for the first time in 1998 in Madison, Wisconsin. Despite four national semifinal appearances in the previous six seasons, PSU had won just once in seven tries against NU in the NCAA tournament. The undefeated Nittany Lions jumped out to a 2–0 lead behind Lauren Cacciamani and All-American Bonnie Bremner. The Cornhuskers ran away with the third set to keep the match alive, but PSU took the fourth and the match. It was the second of three consecutive wins against NU for the Nittany Lions, one in each of 1997, 1998, and 1999. Penn State improved to 35–0 but lost the national title game to Long Beach State.

### Dec. 18, 2008: No. 1 Penn State 3, No. 4 Nebraska 2

Nearly ten years to the day since their most recent NCAA Tournament meeting, No. 1 Penn State met No. 4 Nebraska in the national semifinal in front of a then-NCAA record crowd of 17,430 at the Qwest Center in Omaha, just fifty miles from Nebraska's Lincoln campus. The defending national champion Nittany Lions, 36–0 and without a single set loss all season, quickly opened up a two sets-to-none advantage. Nebraska dominated the first set out of intermission 25–15 to snap PSU's NCAA-record streak of 111 consecutive set wins, and then took the fourth to send the match to a decisive fifth set. NU surged out to a 10–8 lead before a six-point service run by AVCA National Player of the Year Nicole Fawcett gave the Nittany Lions a 14–10 lead that NU could not overcome.

It was Nebraska's first-ever loss at the Qwest Center, where they were previously 14–0, and snapped a ninety-six-match win streak in the state of Nebraska. Penn State swept Stanford two days later to win their second of what would become four consecutive national titles. The 2008 national semifinal has been termed "the greatest match in volleyball history", and United States men's national team coach Karch Kiraly, who broadcast the game for ESPN, said he "gets chills every time I think about it."

### Dec. 9, 2016: No. 2 Nebraska 3, No. 13 Penn State 2

No. 15 Penn State traveled to Lincoln to face top-seeded Nebraska at the Devaney Center in the 2016 Regional semifinal, the first NCAA Tournament in which the top four national seeds were able to host more than two matches. The defending national champion Cornhuskers had easily dispatched the Nittany Lions just weeks earlier, but it was PSU that jumped out to a two-set lead at intermission of the tournament matchup. Despite not trailing by more than two points at any point in the match, Nebraska faced a 24–22 deficit and two Penn State set points in the third set. After a PSU service error, an Amber Rolfzen block of Simone Lee tied the set at 24, and a pair of Mikaela Foecke kills won it. NU dominated the final two sets to win the match 3–2. Nebraska advanced to the national semifinal for the second consecutive year, but fell to Texas.

### Dec. 14, 2017: No. 5 Nebraska 3, No. 1 Penn State 2

Nebraska and Penn State met for a third time in the national semifinal at the Sprint Center in Kansas City, Missouri on December 14, 2017. NU had won six consecutive games against Penn State, including the first sweep of PSU by a visiting team at Rec Hall in fourteen years earlier in the season, but the top-ranked Nittany Lions were 33–1 and had won twenty-three consecutive matches. No. 5 Nebraska won the first set 25–18, but the following three sets were each decided by two points. Penn State's only set point of the match came with a 26–25 lead in set four, when two Nittany Lions tripped on each other and allowed the ball to fall for a game-tying Nebraska point. The Cornhuskers won the next two points to take the set 28–26, and held on to win the fifth set and advance to the national championship game. The match set a new NCAA attendance record at 18,374. Nebraska defeated Florida two days later to win the national title.

## Game results

| **Nebraska victory** | **Penn State victory** |
| --- | --- |

| No. | Date | Site | Winner | Loser | Score | Series |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Oct. 2, 1981 | Springfield | No. 15 Penn State | No. 19 Nebraska | 15–2, 15–8 | PSU 1–0 |
| 2 | Dec. 4, 1982 | Lincoln | No. 15 Nebraska | Penn State | 15–13, 15–5, 15–13 | 1–1 |
| 3 | Dec. 7, 1985 | Lincoln | No. 4 Nebraska | No. 20 Penn State | 15–8, 15–7, 15–12 | NU 2–1 |
| 4 | Dec. 12, 1986 | Lincoln | No. 7 Nebraska | No. 14 Penn State | 7–15, 15–4, 16–14, 16–18, 15–9 | NU 3–1 |
| 5 | Sept. 12, 1987 | Lincoln | No. 6 Nebraska | No. 20 Penn State | 15–12, 15–12, 15–17, 15–7 | NU 4–1 |
| 6 | Dec. 8, 1990 | Lincoln | No. 2 Nebraska | No. 6 Penn State | 15–12, 16–14, 10–15, 15–5 | NU 5–1 |
| 7 | Sept. 4, 1993 | State College | No. 7 Nebraska | No. 11 Penn State | 15–11, 9–15, 15–4, 15–17, 15–10 | NU 6–1 |
| 8 | Dec. 10, 1994 | Lincoln | No. 5 Penn State | No. 1 Nebraska | 12–15, 15–11, 15–9, 15–8 | NU 6–2 |
| 9 | Aug. 25, 1995 | Lincoln | No. 2 Nebraska | No. 7 Penn State | 15–4, 15–3, 15–6 | NU 7–2 |
| 10 | Dec. 8, 1995 | Lincoln | No. 1 Nebraska | No. 9 Penn State | 15–7, 15–6, 14–16, 15–2 | NU 8–2 |
| 11 | Dec. 14, 1996 | Lincoln | No. 4 Nebraska | No. 3 Penn State | 15–12, 8–15, 15–13, 9–15, 20–18 | NU 9–2 |
| 12 | Sept. 19, 1997 | Madison | No. 1 Penn State | No. 5 Nebraska | 16–14, 15–12, 16–14 | NU 9–3 |
| 13 | Dec. 19, 1998 | Madison | No. 2 Penn State | No. 3 Nebraska | 15–11, 15–8, 8–15, 15–11 | NU 9–4 |
| 14 | Aug. 28, 1999 | Lincoln | No. 1 Penn State | No. 3 Nebraska | 11–15, 15–12, 15–8, 16–14 | NU 9–5 |
| 15 | Sept. 11, 2005 | Lincoln | No. 1 Nebraska | No. 4 Penn State | 30–14, 30–27, 30–23 | NU 10–5 |
| 16 | Sept. 2, 2007 | Omaha | No. 1 Nebraska | No. 3 Penn State | 30–20, 30–21, 30–27 | NU 11–5 |
| 17 | Dec. 18, 2008 | Omaha | No. 1 Penn State | No. 4 Nebraska | 25–17, 25–18, 15–25, 22–25, 15–11 | NU 11–6 |
| 18 | Sept. 21, 2011 | Lincoln | No. 10 Nebraska | No. 5 Penn State | 25–18, 25–16, 23–25, 19–25, 15–10 | NU 12–6 |
| 19 | Oct. 29, 2011 | State College | No. 8 Penn State | No. 1 Nebraska | 25–17, 25–15, 17–25, 25–17 | NU 12–7 |
| 20 | Sept. 19, 2012 | State College | No. 4 Penn State | No. 3 Nebraska | 23–25, 28–26, 25–17, 26–24 | NU 12–8 |
| 21 | Oct. 28, 2012 | Lincoln | No. 4 Nebraska | No. 1 Penn State | 12–25, 32–30, 19–25, 25–23, 15–10 | NU 13–8 |
| 22 | Nov. 30, 2013 | Lincoln | No. 2 Penn State | No. 10 Nebraska | 22–25, 25–23, 26–24, 26–24 | NU 13–9 |
| 23 | Oct. 3, 2014 | Lincoln | No. 8 Nebraska | No. 3 Penn State | 12–25, 25–22, 25–20, 25–23 | NU 14–9 |
| 24 | Nov. 29, 2014 | State College | No. 4 Penn State | No. 10 Nebraska | 25–21, 25–15, 25–16 | NU 14–10 |
| 25 | Oct. 2, 2015 | State College | No. 4 Nebraska | No. 1 Penn State | 12–25, 24–26, 25–14, 25–20, 15–11 | NU 15–10 |
| 26 | Nov. 28, 2015 | Lincoln | No. 5 Nebraska | No. 7 Penn State | 25–18, 25–18, 25–18 | NU 16–10 |
| 27 | Nov. 4, 2016 | State College | No. 1 Nebraska | No. 11 Penn State | 22–25, 25–17, 25–23, 23–25, 15–11 | NU 17–10 |
| 28 | Nov. 16, 2016 | Lincoln | No. 1 Nebraska | No. 15 Penn State | 25–17, 25–14, 25–22 | NU 18–10 |
| 29 | Dec. 9, 2016 | Lincoln | No. 2 Nebraska | No. 13 Penn State | 23–25, 23–25, 26–24, 25–19, 15–6 | NU 19–10 |
| 30 | Sept. 29, 2017 | State College | No. 14 Nebraska | No. 2 Penn State | 26–24, 25–19, 25–20 | NU 20–10 |
| 31 | Dec. 14, 2017 | Kansas City | No. 5 Nebraska | No. 1 Penn State | 25–18, 23–25, 24–26, 28–26, 15–11 | NU 21–10 |
| 32 | Oct. 13, 2018 | State College | No. 9 Penn State | No. 5 Nebraska | 25–22, 11–25, 24–26, 25–23, 15–9 | NU 21–11 |
| 33 | Nov. 2, 2018 | Lincoln | No. 8 Nebraska | No. 7 Penn State | 25–27, 25–19, 21–25, 25–18, 15–8 | NU 22–11 |
| 34 | Nov. 2, 2019 | Lincoln | No. 8 Nebraska | No. 7 Penn State | 25–18, 18–25, 25–21, 21–25, 15–3 | NU 23–11 |
| 35 | Oct. 8, 2021 | State College | No. 10 Nebraska | No. 13 Penn State | 25–16, 22–25, 25–23, 25–7 | NU 24–11 |
| 36 | Nov. 19, 2021 | Lincoln | No. 11 Nebraska | No. 15 Penn State | 25–14, 25–23, 25–23 | NU 25–11 |
| 37 | Oct. 14, 2022 | Lincoln | No. 3 Nebraska | No. 14 Penn State | 25–18, 25–22, 25–9 | NU 26–11 |
| 38 | Oct. 14, 2023 | Lincoln | No. 2 Nebraska | No. 13 Penn State | 25–22, 25–22, 25–19 | NU 27–11 |
| 38 | Oct. 14, 2023 | State College | No. 1 Nebraska | No. 16 Penn State | 15–25, 23–25, 25–18, 25–20, 15–13 | NU 28–11 |

| Results by venue   Venue Series  Devaney Center NU 9–1  Nebraska Coliseum NU 11–2  Rec Hall NU 6–4  Neutral PSU 4–2 | Results by game type   Game type Series  Conference NU 15–5  Non-conference NU 5–3  NCAA Tournament NU 8–3 |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

Nebraska–Penn State volleyball rivalry
| Nebraska Cornhuskers   Penn State Nittany Lions | |
| --- | --- |
| Sport | College volleyball |
| First meeting | October 2, 1981
Penn State, 2–0 |
| Latest meeting | November 3, 2023
Nebraska, 3–2 |
| Stadiums | Devaney Center
Rec Hall
Nebraska Coliseum (former) |
| Statistics | |
| Meetings total | 39 |
| All-time series | Nebraska leads, 28–11 |
| Longest win streak | Nebraska, 7 (two times) |
| Current win streak | Nebraska, 7 (2019–present) |


title: Nematophyta

abstract: The Nematophyta or nematophytes are a paraphyletic group of land organisms, probably including some plants as well as algae known only from the fossil record, from the Silurian period until the early Devonian Rhynie chert. The type genus Nematothallus, which typifies the group, was first described by Lang in 1937, who envisioned it being a thallose plant with tubular features and sporophytes, covered by a cuticle which preserved impressions of the underlying cells. He had found abundant disaggregated remains of all three features, none of which were connected to another, leaving his reconstruction of the phytodebris as parts of a single organism highly conjectural. No reproductive or vegetative structures common to the land plants are known, and certain members of the nematophyte plexus seem to belong to the fungi. The lack of a clear definition of the nematophytes has led to it being used as a wastebasket taxon, with all manner of tubes and cell-patterned cuticles from around the Silurian being dubbed "nematophytic" more as a statement of ignorance than as a scientifically meaningful statement. Nematophytes, including cuticle and banded tubes, have been found in coprolites that were apparently produced by millipedes.

text:
# Nematophyta

The **Nematophyta** or **nematophytes** are a paraphyletic group of land organisms, probably including some plants as well as algae known only from the fossil record, from the Silurian period until the early Devonian Rhynie chert. The type genus *Nematothallus*, which typifies the group, was first described by Lang in 1937, who envisioned it being a thallose plant with tubular features and sporophytes, covered by a cuticle which preserved impressions of the underlying cells. He had found abundant disaggregated remains of all three features, none of which were connected to another, leaving his reconstruction of the phytodebris as parts of a single organism highly conjectural. No reproductive or vegetative structures common to the land plants are known, and certain members of the nematophyte plexus (including *Nemataplexus*, axial conjugations of banded and branching tubes) seem to belong to the fungi.

The lack of a clear definition of the nematophytes has led to it being used as a wastebasket taxon, with all manner of tubes and cell-patterned cuticles from around the Silurian being dubbed "nematophytic" more as a statement of ignorance than as a scientifically meaningful statement.

Nematophytes, including cuticle and banded tubes, have been found in coprolites that were apparently produced by millipedes.

* McGregor and Narbonne (1978): "Upper Silurian trilete spores and other microfossils from the Read Bay Formation, Cornwallis Island, Canadian Arctic"

## InfoBox

| Nematophyta
Temporal range: | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Cuticle of *Cosmochlaina*, retrieved from the Burgsvik beds by acid maceration. Cells about 12 μm in diameter. | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae (?) |
| Phylum: | "Nematophyta"
Lang, 1937 |
|
| Families and genera | |
| Family **Nematothallaceae**:
Family **Nematophytaceae**: | |


title: Nehemiah Eastman

abstract: Nehemiah Eastman was an American lawyer, banker and politician from New Hampshire. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives, the New Hampshire Senate and the New Hampshire House of Representatives in the early 1800s.

text:
# Nehemiah Eastman

**Nehemiah Eastman** (June 16, 1782 – January 11, 1856) was an American lawyer, banker and politician from New Hampshire. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives, the New Hampshire Senate and the New Hampshire House of Representatives in the early 1800s.

## Early life

Born in Gilmanton, New Hampshire, Eastman was the son of Ebenezer and Mary (Butler) Eastman. He attended the local academy in Gilmanton and then read law with John Curtis Chamberlain, future member of the United States House of Representatives. He was admitted to the bar in 1807 and began the practice of law in Farmington, New Hampshire.

## Political career

Eastman began his political career as a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives in 1813. He served in the New Hampshire Senate from 1820 to 1825. Elected as an Adams candidate to the Nineteenth Congress, Eastman served as United States Representative for the state of New Hampshire from March 4, 1825 to March 3, 1827. After leaving Congress, he resumed the practice of law. In 1834, Eastman and James Farrington organized the Rochester Bank in Rochester, New Hampshire.

## Death

Eastman died in Farmington, Strafford County, New Hampshire, on January 11, 1856. He is interred at Farmington Cemetery in Farmington, New Hampshire.

## Personal life

On October 24, 1813, Eastman married Anstriss Barker Woodbury in Francestown, New Hampshire and they had four children: Charles, Martha Ann, George Nehemiah, and Henry Patrick. His brother-in-law was Levi Woodbury, an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States and 9th Governor of New Hampshire.

Eastman was the uncle of Ira Allen Eastman, a United States Representative from New Hampshire.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

## InfoBox

| Nehemiah Eastman | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from New Hampshire's At-Large district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1825  March 3, 1827 | |
| Preceded by | Matthew Harvey |
| Succeeded by | David Barker Jr. |
| Member of the New Hampshire Senate | |
| **In office**
1820–1825 | |
| Member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives | |
| **In office**
1813–1814 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1782-06-16)June 16, 1782
Gilmanton, New Hampshire, U.S. |
| Died | January 11, 1856(1856-01-11) (aged 73)
Farmington, New Hampshire, U.S. |
| Resting place | Farmington Cemetery
Farmington, New Hampshire |
| Political party | Adams Party |
| Spouse | Anstriss Barker Woodbury Eastman |
| Relations | Ira Allen Eastman
Levi Woodbury |
| Children | Charles Eastman
Martha Ann Eastman
George Nehemiah Eastman
Henry Patrick Eastman |
| Profession | Lawyer
Banker
Politician |
|  | |


title: Nehemiah Curtis Sanford

abstract: Nehemiah Curtis Sanford (1792–1841) was an American industrialist and politician. Nehemiah Sanford was the son of Sarah Curtis (1771–1856) and her husband Stephen Sandford I (1769–1848). He was a brother to John Sanford, the founder of the Amsterdam, New York branch of the Sanford family. Nehemiah Sanford became one of the chief founders of Birmingham, Connecticut and in 1833 was elected to the Connecticut Senate for the 16th District. He married Nancy Bateman Shelton (1800–1880), a direct descendant of Thomas Welles, a Governor of the Connecticut Colony. Their only son, Henry Shelton Sanford became an important American diplomat who founded the city of Sanford, Florida.

text:
# Nehemiah Curtis Sanford

**Nehemiah Curtis Sanford** (1792–1841) was an American industrialist and politician.

Nehemiah Sanford was the son of Sarah Curtis (1771–1856) and her husband Stephen Sandford I (1769–1848). He was a brother to John Sanford, the founder of the Amsterdam, New York branch of the Sanford family.

Nehemiah Sanford became one of the chief founders of Birmingham, Connecticut and in 1833 was elected to the Connecticut Senate for the 16th District. He married Nancy Bateman Shelton (1800–1880), a direct descendant of Thomas Welles, a Governor of the Connecticut Colony. Their only son, Henry Shelton Sanford became an important American diplomat who founded the city of Sanford, Florida.


title: Necas (basketball)

abstract: Manuel Nazareth da Costa e Sousa, known as Necas, is an Angolan retired basketball player and current coach. Playing as a shooting guard, Necas was best known for his sharp three-point shooting thus becoming one of the best in this category, along with Víctor de Carvalho. He served as assistant coach of Angolan side Interclube. On 5 July 2021, Necas took over as head coach of Primeiro de Agosto. He won the 2020–21 Taça de Angola with Primeiro, beating his former team Interclube in the final.

text:
# Necas (basketball)

**Manuel Nazareth da Costa e Sousa** (born 18 September 1962), known as **Necas**, is an Angolan retired basketball player and current coach. Playing as a shooting guard, Necas was best known for his sharp three-point shooting thus becoming one of the best in this category, along with Víctor de Carvalho.

He served as assistant coach of Angolan side Interclube. On 5 July 2021, Necas took over as head coach of Primeiro de Agosto. He won the 2020–21 Taça de Angola with Primeiro, beating his former team Interclube in the final.

## Awards and accomplishments

### Coaching career

Primeiro de Agosto

## InfoBox

Necas
| Primeiro de Agosto | |
| --- | --- |
| Position | Shooting guard |
| League | Angolan Basketball League |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1962-09-18) September 18, 1962<br>Luanda, Angola |
| Listed height | 185 cm (6.07 ft) |
| Coaching career | 2003–present |
| Career history | |
| As coach: | |
| 2003–2008 | Interclube |
| 2012–2013 | Interclube |
| 2013–2018 | Interclube |
| 2020–present | Primeiro de Agosto |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
| **As head coach:** | |
|  | |
| Medals      Representing  Angola  Men's basketball  AfroBasket  1989 Luanda  Angola  1992 Cairo  Angola  1983 Alexandria  Angola  1985 Abidjan  Angola  1987 Tunis  Angola  FIBA Africa Clubs Champions Cup  2005 Abidjan  Interclube  Coach for women's basketball  FIBA Africa Clubs Champions Cup  2014 Sfax  Interclube  2015 Luanda  Interclube | |


title: Neocollyris brevis

abstract: Neocollyris brevis is a species in the tiger beetle family Cicindelidae. It was described by Naviaux in 1994.

text:
# Neocollyris brevis

***Neocollyris brevis*** is a species in the tiger beetle family Cicindelidae. It was described by Naviaux in 1994.

## InfoBox

| *Neocollyris brevis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cicindelidae |
| Tribe: | Collyridini |
| Genus: | *Neocollyris* |
| Species: | ***N. brevis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Neocollyris brevis***<br>Naviaux, 1994 | |
|


title: Mordellistenomimus

abstract: Mordellistenomimus nanus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the only species in the genus Mordellistenomimus.

text:
# Mordellistenomimus

***Mordellistenomimus nanus*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the only species in the genus ***Mordellistenomimus***.

## InfoBox

| *Mordellistenomimus nanus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | ***Mordellistenomimus*** |
| Species: | ***M. nanus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordellistenomimus nanus***<br>(Bates, 1885) | |
|


title: Willie McCray

abstract: Willie Lee McCray Jr. was an American football defensive end. He played for the San Francisco 49ers in 1978.

text:
# Willie McCray

**Willie Lee McCray Jr.** (July 17, 1953 – January 3, 2022) was an American football defensive end. He played for the San Francisco 49ers in 1978.

## InfoBox

Willie McCray
| No. 76 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position: | Defensive end |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1953-07-17)July 17, 1953
Fort Lee, Virginia, U.S. |
| Died: | January 3, 2022(2022-01-03) (aged 68)
Washington D.C., U.S. |
| Height: | 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) |
| Weight: | 234 lb (106 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Hopewell (VA), Laurinburg Institute (NC) |
| College: | Alabama, Troy |
| NFL draft: | 1978 / round: 11 / pick: 287 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Fumble recoveries: 1 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: Morten Rudå

abstract: Morten Rudå is a Norwegian actor. Rudå, who was one of those who started the drag show group Great Garlic Girls in 1981, has acted in theatre in both Norway and the US, as well as in Norwegian films and television productions. He is a graduate as an actor of the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City (1995) and in theatre studies at Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo (1997). He has acted at Nord-Trøndelag Teater, Trondheim Opera, Hedmark Teater, Nordland Teater, Riksteatret and Oslo Nye Teater.

text:
# Morten Rudå

**Morten Rudå** (born 1 June 1960, in Helsingør, Denmark) is a Norwegian actor.

Rudå, who was one of those who started the drag show group Great Garlic Girls in 1981, has acted in theatre in both Norway and the US, as well as in Norwegian films and television productions. He is a graduate as an actor of the American Academy of Dramatic Arts in New York City (1995) and in theatre studies at Kunsthøgskolen i Oslo (1997).

He has acted at Nord-Trøndelag Teater, Trondheim Opera, Hedmark Teater, Nordland Teater, Riksteatret and Oslo Nye Teater.

## Filmography

Behind Closed Curtains (Påfugl blant duer) 2017


title: William Shaw (businessman)

abstract: William J. Shaw is the Vice-Chairman of Marriott International Inc. He has held this post since May 2009. Shaw received his BA from University of Notre Dame and MBA from Washington University in St. Louis in 1972. He joined the Marriott hotel company in 1974, was elected Corporate Controller in 1979, and a company Vice President in 1982. In 1986, Shaw became Senior Vice President of Finance and Treasurer of Marriott Corporation. He was elected Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of Marriott Corporation in April 1988. In February 1992, he was elected President of the Marriott Service Group. Between March 1997 and April 2009, Shaw served as the President and Chief Operating Officer of Marriott International, before taking up his current position as Vice-Chairman. Shaw is on the board of trustees of the University of Notre Dame, the Suburban Hospital Foundation, the Wolf Trap Foundation of the Performing Arts, Washington Mutual Investor Fund, board of directors and the NCAA Leadership Advisory Board. Mr. Shaw has been a director of Marriott International, or its predecessors, since 1997, and is currently serving a term expiring at the 2008 annual meeting of shareholders. Shaw is now the Chairman of the Board since November 2011 for Marriott Vacations Worldwide.

text:
# William Shaw (businessman)

**William J. Shaw** is the (retired, 2011) Vice-Chairman of Marriott International Inc. He has held this post since May 2009. Shaw received his BA from University of Notre Dame and MBA from Washington University in St. Louis in 1972. He joined the Marriott hotel company in 1974, was elected Corporate Controller in 1979, and a company Vice President in 1982. In 1986, Shaw became Senior Vice President of Finance and Treasurer of Marriott Corporation. He was elected Chief Financial Officer and Executive Vice President of Marriott Corporation in April 1988. In February 1992, he was elected President of the Marriott Service Group. Between March 1997 and April 2009, Shaw served as the President and Chief Operating Officer of Marriott International, before taking up his current position as Vice-Chairman.

Shaw is on the board of trustees of the University of Notre Dame, the Suburban Hospital Foundation, the Wolf Trap Foundation of the Performing Arts, Washington Mutual Investor Fund, board of directors and the NCAA Leadership Advisory Board. Mr. Shaw has been a director of Marriott International, or its predecessors, since 1997, and is currently serving a term expiring at the 2008 annual meeting of shareholders. Shaw is now the Chairman of the Board since November 2011 for Marriott Vacations Worldwide.


title: William Shaw (New Brunswick politician)

abstract: William Shaw was a farmer, baker and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. In the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, he represented Saint John County & City from 1890 to 1892 and Saint John City from 1892 to 1903 as a Liberal-Conservative member. He was born in Simonds parish, Saint John County, New Brunswick, of Irish descent, and was educated there. Shaw married Isabella Wooten. He served as alderman for Saint John and as chairman of the Public Works department. He died in 1922 at Saint John.

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# William Shaw (New Brunswick politician)

**William Shaw** (September 19, 1839  March 3, 1922) was a farmer, baker and political figure in New Brunswick, Canada. In the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick, he represented Saint John County & City from 1890 to 1892 and Saint John City from 1892 to 1903 as a Liberal-Conservative member.

He was born in Simonds parish, Saint John County, New Brunswick, of Irish descent, and was educated there. Shaw married Isabella Wooten. He served as alderman for Saint John and as chairman of the Public Works department. He died in 1922 at Saint John.


title: William Vaughan (art historian)

abstract: William Vaughan is a British art historian and has been Emeritus Professor of History of Art at Birkbeck College, University of London since 2003. He is also a printmaker, and regularly exhibits in London and Bristol under the name Will Vaughan. He is Chair of the Bruton Art Society.

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# William Vaughan (art historian)

**William Vaughan** is a British art historian and has been Emeritus Professor of History of Art at Birkbeck College, University of London since 2003.

He is also a printmaker, and regularly exhibits in London and Bristol under the name Will Vaughan. He is Chair of the Bruton Art Society.

## Selected publications

* *Caspar David Friedrich 1774–1840: Romantic landscape painting in Dresden: (catalogue of an exhibition held at the Tate Gallery London 6 September-16 October 1972)*, Tate Gallery, London, 1972. ISBN 0900874368
* *Romantic Art*, Thames & Hudson, London, 1978. ISBN 0500181608
* *German Romanticism and English Art*, Yale, 1979. ISBN 0300021941
* *Art and the natural world in nineteenth-century Britain: Three essays (The Franklin D. Murphy lectures)*, Spencer Museum of Art, University of Kansas, 1990. ISBN 0913689335
* *German Romantic Painting*, Yale 1994. ISBN 0300060475
* *Romanticism and Art*, Thames & Hudson, London, 1994. ISBN 0500202753
* *William Blake*, Tate Publishing, London, 1999. ISBN 1854372815
* *British Painting: The Golden Age: From Hogarth to Turner.* Thames & Hudson, London, 1999. ISBN 0500203199
* *Gainsborough*, Thames & Hudson, London, 2002. ISBN 050020358X
* *John Constable*, Tate Publishing, London, 2002. ISBN 1854374346
* *Friedrich*, Phaidon, London, 2004. ISBN 0714840602
* *Samuel Palmer: 1805–1881, Vision and Landscape*, Lund Humphries, 2005. ISBN 0853319324 (Editor)
* *Samuel Palmer: Shadows on the Wall*, Yale University Press, 2015. ISBN 0300209851


title: Moritz of Limburg

abstract: Moritz of Limburg Stirum (1633–1664) was the reigning Count of Limburg-Styrum-Styrum.

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# Moritz of Limburg

**Moritz of Limburg Stirum** (1633–1664) was the reigning Count of Limburg-Styrum-Styrum.

## Early life

Moritz was son of Count Hermann Otto I of Limburg-Styrum and Baroness Anna Magaretha Spies von Büllesheim (1599—1659).

## Life

He was the Count of Limburg and Bronkhorst, Lord zu Styrum, Wisch, Borculo and Gemen. He became hereditary banneret of the Principality of Guelders and of the County of Zütphen. When the House of Limburg-Stirum was partitioned in 1642 in three parts, he inherited the part Styrum and became the first member of the branch Limburg-Styrum-Styrum.

## Personal life

He married his cousin, Countess Maria Bernhardine of Limburg-Bronckhorst (1637-1713), daughter of Count Bernhard Albrecht of Limburg und Bronckhorst and his wife Countess Anna Maria of Bergh (d. 1653). They had issue:

## Sources

* De takken Gemen en Styrum van het geslacht van Limburg Stirum; Dr. A.J. Bonke; Stichting van Limburg Stirum; 's-Gravenhage, 2007
* Iconografie van het Geslacht van Limburg Stirum; C.J. Graaf van Limburg Stirum; Walburg Instituut, Amsterdam, 1994