title: Virgil L. Davis Jr.

abstract:
Virgil L. Davis Jr. is an American record producer / songwriter / musician based in Los Angeles. He recorded albums with DJ U-Neek for Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, earning a Grammy Award for his musician work on the group's hit song, "Tha Crossroads", also the 4× platinum album "The Art Of War", the multi platinum album "BTNHResurrection","Thug World Order" and "Thug Stories", "Strength & Loyalty", and "Uni5: The World's Enemy" and "The Art of War: World War III". He also was a writer / produced and performed on DJ U-Neek's solo album, "Ghetto Street Pharmacist". He was also signed as a songwriter for Kingpin Records founder DJ U-Neek, where he wrote songs for Arista Records recording artist Angie Stone "Black Diamond" album along with other Kingpin Records artist.
He later went on to record with Capitol Records recording artist "Tracie Spencer".

text:
# Virgil L. Davis Jr.

**Virgil L. Davis Jr.** (born September 18, 1960) is an American record producer / songwriter / musician based in Los Angeles. He recorded albums with DJ U-Neek for Bone Thugs-N-Harmony, earning a Grammy Award for his musician work on the group's hit song, "Tha Crossroads", also the 4× platinum album "The Art Of War", the multi platinum album "BTNHResurrection","Thug World Order" and "Thug Stories", "Strength & Loyalty", and "Uni5: The World's Enemy" and "The Art of War: World War III". He also was a writer / produced and performed on DJ U-Neek's solo album, "Ghetto Street Pharmacist".

He was also signed as a songwriter for Kingpin Records founder DJ U-Neek, where he wrote songs for Arista Records recording artist Angie Stone "Black Diamond" album along with other Kingpin Records artist. He later went on to record with Capitol Records recording artist "Tracie Spencer".

Discogs. "Discography: Virgil Davis Jr". Discogs.

```
         "Discography: Funktagious". Discogs.
```

AllMusic. "Credits: Virgil Davis Jr". AllMusic.

## InfoBox

| Virgil L. Davis Jr. | |
| --- | --- |
| at DJ U-Neek's Green Giant Studios 2008 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Virgil Lee Davis Jr |
| Born | (1960-09-18) September 18, 1960<br>United States, |
| Genres |  |
| Occupation(s) | Recording engineer, singer-songwriter, record producer |
| Instrument(s) | Singing, guitars, drums, trombone, baritone horn, keyboards |
| Years active | 1997–present |


title: Prasoxylon rigidum

abstract: Prasoxylon rigidum is a tree in the family Meliaceae. The specific epithet rigidum is from the Latin meaning 'rigid', likely referring to the leaflets.

text:
# Prasoxylon rigidum

***Prasoxylon rigidum*** is a tree in the family Meliaceae. The specific epithet **rigidum** is from the Latin meaning 'rigid', likely referring to the leaflets.

## Description

The tree grows up to 30 metres (100 ft) tall with a trunk diameter of up to 60 centimetres (24 in). The bark is reddish-grey and when slashed releases an onion-like scent. The fruits are pink to purplish-brown, roundish, up to 2.8 cm (1 in) in diameter.

## Distribution and habitat

*Prasoxylon rigidum* is found in Sumatra, Peninsular Malaysia and Borneo. Its habitat is lowland rain forest from sea-level to 260 metres (1,000 ft) elevation.

## InfoBox

| *Prasoxylon rigidum* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Sapindales |
| Family: | Meliaceae |
| Genus: | *Prasoxylon* |
| Species: | ***P. rigidum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Prasoxylon rigidum***<br>(Ridl.) Mabb. (2021) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Chisocheton rigidus* Ridl. (1929) * *Dysoxylum rigidum* (Ridl.) Mabb. (1982) | |


title: Nikola Nikodijević

abstract: Nikola Nikodijević is a Serbian politician who has been the president of the City Assembly of Belgrade since 2024, previously serving that role from 2014 to 2023. He is a member of the main board of the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS).

text:
# Nikola Nikodijević

**Nikola Nikodijević** (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Никодијевић; born 26 September 1981) is a Serbian politician who has been the president of the City Assembly of Belgrade since 2024, previously serving that role from 2014 to 2023. He is a member of the main board of the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS).

## Biography

He was born on 26 September 1981 in Belgrade. He graduated from the Faculty of Law at the University of Belgrade.

In his youth, he was active in sports and was engaged in SD Crvena zvezda.

As a member of the Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS) he was elected to the City Assembly of Belgrade following the 2008 City Assembly election. Until 2012 he served as the head of the SPS-JS deputy group in the City Assembly.

He was named member of the City Council on 13 June 2012 and served until 2013, when he was appointed by the Government of Serbia as a member of the Temporary Council of Belgrade.

He was elected President of the City Assembly of Belgrade on 23 April 2014 and re-elected in 2018 and 2022. His mandate ended on 30 October 2023, when the City Assembly was dissolved. After the 2024 Belgrade City Assembly election, he was re-elected president at the constitutive session on 21 June 2024.

1. "Nikola Nikodijević". *Istinomer* (in Serbian). Retrieved 2022-06-20.
2. "Никола Никодијевић, председник". *Град Београд - Званична интернет презентација | Никола Никодијевић, председник* (in Serbian). Retrieved 2022-06-20.
3. "Ko je Nikola Nikodijević, koji je treći put izabran za predsednika Skupštine grada Beograda? - Politika - Dnevni list Danas" (in Serbian). 2022-06-11. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
4. "Nikola Nikodijević ponovo predsednik Skupštine grada Beograda". *Politika Online*. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
5. B92. "Sednica Skupštine Beograda: Nikola Nikodijević izabran za predsednika gradskog parlamenta". *B92.net* (in Serbian). Retrieved 2024-06-21.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

## InfoBox

| Nikola Nikodijević | |
| --- | --- |
| Никола Никодијевић | |
|  | |
| President of the City Assembly of Belgrade | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
21 June 2024 | |
| **In office**
23 April 2014  30 October 2023 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1981-09-26) 26 September 1981
Belgrade, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia |
| Political party | SPS |
| Alma mater | University of Belgrade |
|  | |


title: College of Engineering, Thalassery

abstract: The College of Engineering, Thalassery (COET) is a public institute of technology located in Kerala, India. It is one of the six engineering colleges under CAPE, established by the Government of Kerala in 2000. Sri E.K Nayanar, the then Honorable Chief Minister of Kerala, laid the foundation stone of the college. The College flourished into an institution is affiliated to the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (KTU) and the Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT). The college is approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE). The mechanical and electrical departments were accredited by National Board of Accreditation in 2018.

text:
# College of Engineering, Thalassery

The **College of Engineering, Thalassery (COET)** is a public institute of technology located in Kerala, India. It is one of the six engineering colleges under **CAPE** (Co-operative Academy of Professional Education), established by the Government of Kerala in 2000. Sri E.K Nayanar, the then Honorable Chief Minister of Kerala, laid the foundation stone of the college. The College flourished into an institution is affiliated to the APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (KTU) and the Cochin University of Science and Technology (CUSAT). The college is approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE). The mechanical and electrical departments were accredited by National Board of Accreditation in 2018.

## History

Looking back to the eventful history of the college would invoke a mixed feeling in the mind of a COET lover. The only one of its kind in the locality around, it has the capacity to grow beyond a mere Engineering College or a University Department.

Thalassery, the cradle of colonial legacy is known for its scenic beauty and prominence in the educational field from ancient time itself. The new building complex of the college was officially inaugurated by Sri M.V Raghavan, the then Honorable Minister of Co-operation and Ports in the year 2004.

The college has been initiated under the aegis of the CUSAT in 2000 as a University own department outside its main campus The college was affiliated with CUSAT. Since 2015, the college is affiliated to APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University (KTU). The MBA course is affiliated to CUSAT.

## Campus

The campus of COET is located at Kundoormala, near Eranholi Hills (West Ponniam), a township 6.5 km east of Thalassery on the Thalassery - Coorg highway route. The campus spread over 30 acres of land provides an ideal atmosphere for the pursuit of knowledge.

The campus is located on a hilltop with a view of Arabian Sea on one side and the Western Ghats on the other. The college has made distinction in discipline, quality teaching and in excellence of students.

An excellent career guidance and placement unit is functioning in the college with the objective of providing career guidance and placement opportunities to the students. The Principal and all other faculty members have extended their whole hearted support to the functioning of the unit which acts as a morale booster to career conscious students and concentrates on multi dimensional personality development of the students. The unit nurtures industry-readiness and employability of the graduates.

## Departments

The institute has 8 major departments :

### Engineering

### Non-Engineering

The COET offers M.tech degree in engineering in two subjects:

*Electronics and Communication Engineering*

* Signal processing

*Mechanical Engineering*

* Manufacturing systems and management

University examinations are conducted at the end of the semester. Admission to this college is purely based on the Common Entrance Test (CET), conducted by the Government of Kerala. The intake is 420 students per year.

## Central Library

The Library is one of the central support services of the campus. Central library is located at central position of the campus attached to the administrative block. Members of the library are students, teachers, non teaching staffs of the college. The mission of the Library is to provide information services and access to bibliographic and full text digital and printed resources in order to support the scholarly and information needs of the students, faculty and staff at the Institute Community.

## Student life

The college conduct various cultural programs annually, it also host various events like:

### Agnitus

Agnitus is a tech fest that is annually conducted in the college. People from all over the country come and participate in this national tech fest.

### Spandanam

Spandanam is a festival that consists of a wide range of art genres which include music, dance, literature, poetry, etc. which helps the students in learning and building a strong cultural belief. It is conducted once in a year and encourages the budding artists to show their talents and take the celebration spirit out of the festival.

### AI Fest 2.0

AI Fest 2.0 is an event organized by IEDC COET, March 22-23 of 2019.

## Student Activities

### IEEE

The college has an active student chapter of IEEE under the leadership of a senior faculty. IEEE student branch conducted a variety of programs like workshops, seminars, talks etc. IEEE members participate in programs conducted by student branches in other colleges.

### IEDC

IEDC CETLY formed in the year 2015, is a center supported by the Kerala Startup mission which motivates students to think creatively and generate innovative ideas. It serves as a helping hand among the students within the campus to figure out the best ideas and provide them with all the requirements thereby resulting to find the best upcoming entrepreneurs.

### NCC

NCC Sub unit was inaugurated in the campus on 13th February 2023 by Lt Gen. Vinod Nayanar, in the presednce of Commanding Officer LT Col Roopesh and college dignitaries. Since then various events, initiatives has been conducted for the Cadets and COETians.

Heritage Run, 5K Challenge and Youth Day Mini Marathon are various initiatives and challenges participated by the COET Cadets.

### NSS

One unit of NSS works in the college under DTE. NSS unit is headed by a program officer, NSS Captain, Lady Captain and members. Activities taken up by the unit are divided into regular activities and special camp activities. Regular activities includes Orientation program, rain water harvesting, tree plantation ,blood donation camp etc.

### Student bodies

There are a number of student bodies and committee in COET, each with its own set of responsibilities.

\- Anti Ragging Committee

\- Women's Internal Complaints Committee

\- Student Welfare Committee

## Facilities

Central computing facility

Ladies Hostel (within the campus)

Sea Mount, Boys Hostel

Transportation

11°47′03″N 75°30′54″E / 11.7841°N 75.5151°E / 11.7841; 75.5151

## InfoBox

College of Engineering, Thalassery
| Other name | COET |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Institute of Technology |
| Established | 2000 (2000) |
| Principal | Rajeev P |
| Academic staff | 135 |
| Undergraduates | 1680 |
| Postgraduates | M.Tech (ME, ECE) and MBA |
| Location | Kerala, India |
| Campus | 30 acres Urban |
| Affiliations | KTU, CUSAT |
| Website | COET |


title: Mike Jinks

abstract: Michael Troy Jinks is an American football coach who last served as the running backs coach for Houston. Jinks served as the head football coach at Bowling Green State University from 2016 until midway through the 2018 season, before becoming the running backs coach at the University of Southern California. Previously he was an assistant head coach and running backs coach at Texas Tech University.

text:
# Mike Jinks

**Michael Troy Jinks** (born February 7, 1972) is an American football coach who last served as the running backs coach for Houston. Jinks served as the head football coach at Bowling Green State University from 2016 until midway through the 2018 season, before becoming the running backs coach at the University of Southern California. Previously he was an assistant head coach and running backs coach at Texas Tech University.

## Early life

Jinks was born on February 7, 1972. He played quarterback for three years at Judson High School in Converse, Texas before graduating in 1990. After high school, Jinks played college football at the NCAA Division II level for Angelo State. He was their starting quarterback for two years, and graduated with a bachelor's degree in Kinesiology with a minor in Mathematics.

## Coaching career

### High school

Jinks' coaching career began in 1995 when he was working as a waiter in a restaurant in San Angelo, Texas. He was serving a table full of coaches from Ellison High School and was offered a job as the quarterbacks coach there. Short on funds, Jinks received a loan from his former coach at Angelo State, Jerry Vandergriff, to earn his teacher certification and move to Killeen, Texas.

Jinks became the quarterbacks coach at his former alma mater Judson High School in 1998. Following that, he was the offensive coordinator at David Crockett High School, Galena Park High School, and Robert E. Lee High School. He accepted his first head coaching position at Burbank High School in San Antonio, Texas in 2005.

In 2005, Jinks became the head coach for Steele High School in Cibolo, Texas eight months before the school was initially opened. Jinks lead the new football program at Steele to a win in the 2010 Class 5A Division II Texas state championship featuring all-state and future NFL running back Malcolm Brown. In 2011, Jinks' team made it to the finals of the Class 5A Division II state championship before losing to a Spring Dekaney HS squad coached by Danny Amendola's father, Willie Amendola. In 2012, another powerhouse Steele team made it to the state semifinals, only to fall to eventual state champion Katy High School. Following the conclusion of the 2012 season, Jinks was named the head coach for the West-team of the 2012 U.S. Army All-American Bowl and was a finalist for the 2013 Xenith National High School Coach of the Year Award. Jinks left Steele with a win–loss record of 77–17. In his last three seasons there, Jinks compiled a record of 43–4.

While at Steele, Jinks coached High School All-American and future Texas Longhorns running back Malcolm Brown.

### College

On January 9, 2013, it was announced that Jinks accepted the position of running backs coach for Texas Tech under head coach Kliff Kingsbury. In January 2015, Jinks was promoted to associate head coach in addition to his running back coaching duties with the announcement of the hiring of new defensive coordinator David Gibbs. In 2014, running back Deandre Washington became Texas Tech's first 1,000 yard rusher since 1998 and earned All-Big 12 Second Team honors. Washington led the Big 12 Conference in rushing yards and earned an All-Big 12 Conference 1st Team selection in 2015.

Jinks was named head coach at Bowling Green on December 8, 2015.

On October 14, 2018, Jinks was fired after two and a half seasons at Bowling Green.

## Head coaching record

### College

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Bowling Green Falcons** *(Mid-American Conference)* (2016–2018) | | | | | | | | |
| 2016 | Bowling Green | 4–8 | 3–5 | T–3rd (East) |  |
| 2017 | Bowling Green | 2–10 | 2–6 | 5th (East) |  |
| 2018 | Bowling Green | 1–6 | 0–3 | (East) |  |
| **Bowling Green:** | | 7–24 | 5–14 |  | | | | |
| **Total:** | | 7–24 |  | | | | | | |

1. Chan, Lorne (January 8, 2012). "Jinks weighing move to Judson". *San Antonio Express-News*. Retrieved January 10, 2013.
2. Hurtik, Blake (January 9, 2013). "Steele's Jinks to coach Tech running backs". *San Antonio Express-News*. Retrieved January 10, 2013.
3. Flores, David (January 12, 2012). "Still a Knight: Jinks withdraws from search for Judson coach". *San Antonio Express-News*. Archived from the original on January 14, 2013. Retrieved January 10, 2013.
4. Lee, Mike. "Former ASU QB Jinks making his mark as high school coach". Angelo State University. Archived from the original on January 13, 2013. Retrieved January 10, 2013.
5. Doelle, Chris (April 18, 2012). "2012 THSCA All-Star Football Classic Rosters Announced". Lone Star Gridiron.
6. Wixon, Matt (December 5, 2012). "DeSoto's Claude Mathis a finalist for National Coach of the Year". *The Dallas Morning News*. Archived from the original on December 8, 2012. Retrieved January 10, 2013.
7. Flores, David. "Malcolm Brown eager to get UT back on track". KVUE. Archived from the original on December 31, 2012. Retrieved January 11, 2013.
8. "Three Red Raiders Named to All-Big 12 Teams". Texas Tech University. Retrieved December 19, 2014.
9. http://redraiders.com/filed-online/2015-12-08/bowling-green-hires-texas-tech-assistant-mike-jinks-be-head-coach#.VmeLF\_mDGkp
10. Sallee, Barrett (October 14, 2018). "Bowling Green fires coach Mike Jinks after 1-6 start to the season, Carl Pelini takes over as interim". *cbssports.com*. Retrieved October 14, 2018.

## InfoBox

Mike Jinks
| Biographical details | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1972-02-07) February 7, 1972 |
| Playing career | |
| 1990–1993 | Angelo State |
|  | |
| Position(s) | Quarterback |
| Coaching career (HC unless noted) | |
| 1996–1997 | Ellison HS (TX) (QB) |
| 1998 | Judson HS (TX) (QB) |
| 1999 | David Crockett HS (TX) (OC) |
| 2000–2001 | Galena Park HS (TX) (OC) |
| 2002–2004 | Robert E. Lee HS (TX) (OC) |
| 2005 | Luther Burbank HS (TX) |
| 2006–2012 | Steele HS (TX) |
| 2013–2014 | Texas Tech (RB) |
| 2015 | Texas Tech (AHC/RB) |
| 2016–2018 | Bowling Green |
| 2019–2021 | USC (RB) |
| 2022–2023 | Houston (RB) |
|  | |
| Head coaching record | |
| Overall | 79–25 (high school)
7–24 (college) |
| Accomplishments and honors | |
| Championships | |
| Texas Class 5A Division II (2010) | |
| Awards | |
| National High School Coach of the Year Finalist (2012)
U.S. Army All-American Bowl Coach (2012) | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Przemysław Gosiewski

abstract: Przemysław Edgar Gosiewski was a Polish politician and a deputy chair of Law and Justice party. In the 1980s he was active in the Solidarity movement. In years 2006-2007 he served as a Deputy Prime Minister of Poland in Jarosław Kaczyński's government. He was elected to the Sejm in 2001 and reelected on 25 September 2005, receiving 31,253 votes in 33 Kielce district as a candidate on the Law and Justice list. He was the majority leader between 3 November 2005 and 19 July 2006. He has been a minister since 14 July 2006. On 8 May 2007 he became Deputy Prime Minister of Poland and held that position until 11 November 2007. He was listed on the flight manifest of the Tupolev Tu-154 of the 36th Special Aviation Regiment carrying the President of Poland Lech Kaczyński which crashed near Smolensk-North airport near Pechersk near Smolensk, Russia, on 10 April 2010, killing all aboard. On 16 April 2010, Gosiewski was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta and on 29 April 2010, the City Council in Ostrowiec made him an honorary citizen.

text:
# Przemysław Gosiewski

**Przemysław Edgar Gosiewski** (pronounced \[pʂɛˈmɨswaf ˈɛdɡar ɡɔˈɕɛfskʲi\]; 12 May 1964 – 10 April 2010) was a Polish politician and a deputy chair of Law and Justice (*Prawo i Sprawiedliwość*) party. In the 1980s he was active in the Solidarity movement. In years 2006-2007 he served as a Deputy Prime Minister of Poland in Jarosław Kaczyński's government.

He was elected to the Sejm in 2001 and reelected on 25 September 2005, receiving 31,253 votes in 33 Kielce district as a candidate on the Law and Justice list.

He was the majority leader between 3 November 2005 and 19 July 2006. He has been a minister (Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Council of Ministers) since 14 July 2006. On 8 May 2007 he became Deputy Prime Minister of Poland and held that position until 11 November 2007.

He was listed on the flight manifest of the Tupolev Tu-154 of the 36th Special Aviation Regiment carrying the President of Poland Lech Kaczyński which crashed near Smolensk-North airport near Pechersk near Smolensk, Russia, on 10 April 2010, killing all aboard.

On 16 April 2010, Gosiewski was posthumously awarded the Commander's Cross with Star of the Order of Polonia Restituta and on 29 April 2010, the City Council in Ostrowiec made him an honorary citizen.

## InfoBox

| Przemysław Edgar Gosiewski | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Deputy Prime Minister of Poland | |
| **In office**
8 May 2007  16 November 2007 | |
| President | Lech Kaczyński |
| Prime Minister | Jarosław Kaczyński |
| Preceded by | Roman Giertych |
| Succeeded by | Waldemar Pawlak
Grzegorz Schetyna |
| Member of the Sejm | |
| **In office**
21 September 2001  10 April 2010 | |
| Succeeded by | Bartłomiej Dorywalski |
| Constituency | 33 – Kielce |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1964-05-12)12 May 1964
Słupsk, Poland |
| Died | 10 April 2010(2010-04-10) (aged 45)
Smolensk, Russia |
| Political party | Law and Justice |
| Spouse(s) | Małgorzata Kierat (divorced)
Beata Jabłońska |
| Profession | Lawyer |
|  | |


title: Preston Peak

abstract:
Preston Peak, is a dominant feature of the Siskiyou Wilderness in the Klamath National Forest in northern California, U.S. Many peaks in the wilderness rise to over 6,000 feet (1,800 m) but none come to within 500 feet (150 m) of approaching the height of Preston Peak. From the summit on a clear day, the Pacific Ocean is visible along with peaks in the Klamath Mountains and Cascade Range. John Hart, in his book Hiking the Bigfoot Country says of the peak:
At a mile and some above sea level it is by no means the highest peak in the Klamath Mountains...Yet there is no mountain in northern California which I remember with more pleasure. They say that early travellers on the Klamath River, glimpsing the mountain above them, thought it was 10,000 feet tall.

text:
# Preston Peak

**Preston Peak** (Karuk: keech'íihyan), is a dominant feature of the Siskiyou Wilderness in the Klamath National Forest in northern California, U.S. Many peaks in the wilderness rise to over 6,000 feet (1,800 m) but none come to within 500 feet (150 m) of approaching the height of Preston Peak. From the summit on a clear day, the Pacific Ocean is visible along with peaks in the Klamath Mountains and Cascade Range.

John Hart, in his book *Hiking the Bigfoot Country* says of the peak:

> At a mile and some above sea level it is by no means the highest peak in the Klamath Mountains...Yet there is no mountain in northern California which I remember with more pleasure. They say that early travellers on the Klamath River, glimpsing the mountain above them, thought it was 10,000 feet tall.

## Designation

The Forest Service designated the peak and watershed around the peak the *Preston Peak Botanical and Geological Area* because of the rare plants and associations of plants that can be found. Here the Alaska cedar and noble fir reach the southern terminus of their range and share habitat with the northwest California endemic Brewer spruce and Port Orford cedar. There is also an interesting population of high-elevation Pacific yew on the peak that, along with a few other populations in the Klamath Mountains, may justify reclassification as at least a subspecies. A few other rare plants living on or around the peak are the phantom orchid and Siskiyou fritillary.

## InfoBox

| Preston Peak | |
| --- | --- |
| South face of Preston Peak | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 7,313 ft (2,229 m)NAVD 88 |
| Prominence | 2,509 ft (765 m) |
| Coordinates | 41°50′06″N 123°36′43″W / 41.835064822°N 123.611937922°W / 41.835064822; -123.611937922 |
| Geography | |
|  | |
| Location | Siskiyou County, California, U.S. |
| Parent range | Siskiyou Mountains |
| Topo map | USGS Preston Peak |


abstract: This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Parker County, Texas. This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Parker County, Texas. There are two districts and three individual properties listed on the National Register in the county. One property is both a State Antiquities Landmark (SAL) and a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark (RTHL) and is part of a historic district containing several more RTHLs. Another individually listed property is also an RTHL. An additional property was formerly listed on the National Register. This property remains an SAL.           This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.

text:
# National Register of Historic Places listings in Parker County, Texas

This is a list of the **National Register of Historic Places listings in Parker County, Texas**.

This is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Parker County, Texas. There are two districts and three individual properties listed on the National Register in the county. One property is both a State Antiquities Landmark (SAL) and a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark (RTHL) and is part of a historic district containing several more RTHLs. Another individually listed property is also an RTHL. An additional property was formerly listed on the National Register. This property remains an SAL.

*This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.*

## Current listings

The locations of National Register properties and districts may be seen in a mapping service provided.

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Byron Farmstead |  | March 29, 2007
(#07000217) | 905 Meadowview Rd.
32°46′03″N 97°43′21″W / 32.767504°N 97.722550°W / 32.767504; -97.722550 (Byron Farmstead) | Weatherford |  |
| 2 | Chandor Gardens |  | August 18, 2014
(#14000498) | 711 West Lee Street
32°45′16″N 97°48′28″W / 32.754402°N 97.807772°W / 32.754402; -97.807772 (Chandor Gardens) | Weatherford | Recorded Texas Historic Landmark |
| 3 | Parker County Courthouse |  | June 21, 1971
(#71000957) | Courthouse Sq.
32°45′32″N 97°47′50″W / 32.758889°N 97.797222°W / 32.758889; -97.797222 (Parker County Courthouse) | Weatherford | State Antiquities Landmark, Recorded Texas Historic Landmark |
| 4 | State Highway 89 Bridge at the Brazos River |  | October 10, 1996
(#96001115) | I-20, 1.7 mi (2.7 km). W of jct. with FM 113
32°40′00″N 98°01′59″W / 32.666667°N 98.033056°W / 32.666667; -98.033056 (State Highway 89 Bridge at the Brazos River) | Millsap |  |
| 5 | Weatherford Downtown Historic District |  | November 23, 1990
(#90001745) | Roughly bounded by Waco, Water, Walnut and Lee Sts.
32°45′33″N 97°47′46″W / 32.759167°N 97.796111°W / 32.759167; -97.796111 (Weatherford Downtown Historic District) | Weatherford | Includes Recorded Texas Historic Landmark |

## Former listing

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Date removed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Tin Top Suspension Bridge |  | March 25, 1977
(#77001464) | October 19, 1983 | 2 mi. S of Tin Top on SR 1884
32°45′23″N 97°49′21″W / 32.756265°N 97.822466°W / 32.756265; -97.822466 (Tin Top Suspension Bridge) | Weatherford vicinity | State Antiquities Landmark; collapsed in a windstorm January 31, 1982. |

Media related to National Register of Historic Places in Parker County, Texas at Wikimedia Commons


title: Matt Eakle

abstract: Matt Eakle is an American flute player and author who has been the flutist for the David Grisman Quintet since 1989. He plays jazz, blues, and classical flute.

text:
# Matt Eakle

**Matt Eakle** is an American flute player and author who has been the flutist for the David Grisman Quintet since 1989. He plays jazz, blues, and classical flute.

## Career

He has performed with Jerry Garcia, Stéphane Grappelli, Vassar Clements, Bonnie Raitt, Linda Ronstadt, Tony Rice, as well as with various symphony orchestras around the world. He has recorded at least three solo projects outside of the David Grisman Quintet: 1998's *Flute Jazz*, 2002's *The Headwaters Project*, and 2009's *Hardly Work.*

Eakle has authored at least two books on flute technique.

## Personal life

Eakle grew up in Richmond, California, and resided in San Anselmo, California, for many years. He later moved to Bellingham, Washington, where he regularly performs at local venues.

## InfoBox

| Matt Eakle | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Richmond, California, U.S. |
| Genres | Jazz, blues, classical |
| Instruments | Flute |


title: Premio Friuli Storia

abstract: The Premio Friuli Storia is an annual Italian literary award established in 2013 to promote standards of excellence in the writing of history books for a general readership. It is the only national Italian literary prize for non-fiction which entrusts the selection of the winner to a committee of non-specialist readers.

text:
# Premio Friuli Storia

The **Premio Friuli Storia** (Friuli Storia Book Prize for Contemporary History) is an annual Italian literary award established in 2013 to promote standards of excellence in the writing of history books for a general readership. It is the only national Italian literary prize for non-fiction which entrusts the selection of the winner to a committee of non-specialist readers.

## Regulations

A scientific committee composed of academic historians produces a shortlist of books each year at the end of May. The committee is actually chaired by Tommaso Piffer and composed of Elena Aga Rossi, Roberto Chiarini, Ernesto Galli della Loggia, Ilaria Pavan, Paolo Pezzino, Silvio Pons, Andrea Possieri and Andrea Zannini. The winner is selected by a group of 500 readers and the final result is announced in September in Udine.

## Supporters

The national award is organized by Friuli Storia Association. The Region of Friuli Venezia Giulia, the province of Udine, Fondazione Friuli, the municipality of Udine, Poste Italiane, Banca di Udine and the Danieli Group have contributed to the creation of this prize. Over the years, the Associazione Partigiani Osoppo-Friuli, the Istituto Friulano per la Storia del Movimento di Liberazione, the Cultural Association èStoria, the Association Gruppo Studi Storici e Sociali Historia, the Pordenonelegge.it Foundation and the Università degli Studi di Udine have also collaborated in the organization of the Friuli Storia award.

## List of shortlisted books

(The winner or winners of each competition are highlighted in bold)

* 2023
    + **Vittorio Coco,  *Il generale dalla Chiesa, il terrorismo, la mafia*  (Editori Laterza, 2022)**
    + **Thomas Hippler,  *Il governo del cielo. Storia globale dei bombardamenti aerei*  (Bollati Boringhieri 2022)**
    + Andrea Riccardi,  *La guerra del silenzio. Pio XII, il nazismo, gli ebrei* (Laterza, 2022)
* 2022
    + **Claudia Weber,  *Il patto. Stalin, Hitler e la storia di un’alleanza mortale*  (Einaudi, 2021)**
    + Gianluca Falanga,  *La diplomazia oscura. Servizi segreti e terrorismo nella Guerra fredda*  (Carocci, 2021)
    + Paolo Macry,  *Storia di fuoco. Patrioti, militanti, terroristi*  (Il Mulino, 2021)
* 2021
    + **Jacopo Lorenzini,  *L'elmo di Scipio. Storie del Risorgimento in uniforme*  (Salerno)**
    + Paolo Nello,  *Storia dell'Italia fascista*  (Il Mulino)
    + Volker Ulrich,  *1945. Otto giorni a maggio. Dalla morte di Hitler alla fine del Terzo Reich. L'ultima settimana della Seconda guerra mondiale*  (Feltrinelli)
* 2020
    + **István Deák,  *Europa a processo. Collaborazione, resistenza e giustizia fra guerra e dopoguerra*  (Il Mulino)**
    + Carmine Pinto,  *La guerra per il Mezzogiorno. Italiani, borbonici e briganti. 1860-1870*  (Laterzia)
    + Antonella Salomoni,  *Le ceneri di Babij Jar. L'eccidio degli ebrei di Kiev*  (Il Mulino)
* 2019
    + **Raoul Pupo, *Fiume citta di passione* (Laterza)**
    + Francesco Benigno,  *Terrore e terrorismo. Saggio storico sulla violenza politica*  (Einaudi)
    + Michele Colucci,  *Storia dell'immigrazione straniera in Italia. Dal 1945 ai nostri giorni*  (Carocci)
* 2018
    + **Marco Mondini, *Il Capo. La Grande Guerra del generale Luigi Cadorna* (Il Mulino)**
    + Emanuele Ertola,  *In terra d'Africa. Gli italiani che colonizzarono l'impero*  (Laterza)
    + Marco Monte,  *La grande carestia del 1813-1817 in Friuli. L'ultima grande crisi di sussistenza del mondo occidentale*  (Gaspari)
* 2017
    + **Maria Teresa Giusti,  *La campagna di Russia. 1941-1943* (Il Mulino)**
    + Tiziano Bonazzi,  *Abraham Lincoln. Un dramma americano*  (Il Mulino)
    + Piero Craveri,  *L’arte del non governo. L'inesorabile declino della Repubblica italiana*  (Marsilio)
* 2016
    + **Vladimiro Satta, *I nemici della Repubblica. Storia degli anni di piombo* (Rizzoli)**
    + Ettore Cinnella, *Ucraina. Il genocidio dimenticato (1932-1933)* (Della Porta)
    + Silvia Salvatici, *Nel nome degli altri. Storia dell'umanitarismo internazionale* (Il Mulino)
* 2015
    + **Leonardo Campus, *I sei giorni che sconvolsero il mondo. La crisi dei missili di Cuba e le sue percezioni internazionali* (Le Monnier)**
* 2014
    + **Lucia Ceci, *L'interesse superiore. Il Vaticano e l'Italia di Mussolini* (Laterza)**
    + Anna Foa, *Portico d'Ottavia n. 13. Una casa del ghetto nel lungo inverno del ’43* (Laterza)
    + Gian Enrico Rusconi, *1914: attacco a Occidente* (Il Mulino).


title: Niilo Nikunen

abstract: Niilo Nikunen was a Finnish skier. He competed in the Nordic combined event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.

text:
# Niilo Nikunen

**Niilo Nikunen** (14 June 1913  19 July 1991) was a Finnish skier. He competed in the Nordic combined event at the 1936 Winter Olympics.

## InfoBox

Niilo Nikunen
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Finnish |
| Born | (1913-06-14)14 June 1913
Lemi, Finland |
| Died | 19 July 1991(1991-07-19) (aged 78)
Nojanmaa, Finland |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Nordic combined |


title: Pamela Medlen

abstract: Pamela Medlen is a Western Australian journalist, reporter, and news presenter. Since September 2020, she has presented ABC News on Monday-Thursday evenings. Medlen grew up on her family's farm in the Great Southern region of Western Australia, before moving to Perth to study journalism at Curtin University. While studying, she worked at Curtin Radio. After completing her degree Medlen travelled overseas, working in London and moving around Europe for a year and a half. She returned to Perth and worked for suburban newspapers. She won a WA Youth Award for reporting, and was awarded as Community Newspaper Group's best journalist. In 2006, Medlen began working at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation; she has been a reporter and producer, as well as reading the weekend news bulletins, before replacing James McHale in September 2020 as the presenter of the flagship weekday evening news. Medlen was a master of ceremonies for TEDx Perth in 2012.

text:
# Pamela Medlen

**Pamela Medlen** is a Western Australian journalist, reporter, and news presenter. Since September 2020, she has presented *ABC News* on Monday-Thursday evenings.

Medlen grew up on her family's farm in the Great Southern region of Western Australia, before moving to Perth to study journalism at Curtin University. While studying, she worked at Curtin Radio.

After completing her degree Medlen travelled overseas, working in London and moving around Europe for a year and a half. She returned to Perth and worked for suburban newspapers. She won a WA Youth Award for reporting, and was awarded as Community Newspaper Group's best journalist.

In 2006, Medlen began working at the Australian Broadcasting Corporation; she has been a reporter and producer, as well as reading the weekend news bulletins, before replacing James McHale in September 2020 as the presenter of the flagship weekday evening news.

Medlen was a master of ceremonies for TEDx Perth in 2012.

## Personal life

Medlen lives in Bayswater with her long-term partner and their two dogs.


title: Indoor triathlon

abstract: An indoor triathlon is a nonstandard variation of the triathlon and consists of three events: swimming, cycling, and running. The swim is held in an indoor pool, the cycling takes place on stationary bikes, and the run takes place on an indoor track or treadmill. Indoor triathlons are generally held in fitness clubs to accommodate all three sports. In some competitions participants are judged by the distance they travel in each event in a set amount of time. Times can vary between races. On other occasions, the triathlon is conducted in the same manner as an outdoor triathlon in that distances are set and participants compete to finish the total distance in the shortest amount of time. Generally, the swimming is the shortest event, and cycling is the longest. Occasionally, transition time will not be factored into the overall scoring. In one example, participants are given about 5 minutes to transition between events. An indoor triathlon has several advantages when compared to an outdoor triathlon. Indoor triathlons are a way to compete during the winter, as well as a way to be introduced to the sport without facing an open water swim.

text:
# Indoor triathlon

An **indoor triathlon** is a nonstandard variation of the triathlon and consists of three events: swimming, cycling, and running. The swim is held in an indoor pool, the cycling takes place on stationary bikes, and the run takes place on an indoor track or treadmill. Indoor triathlons are generally held in fitness clubs to accommodate all three sports.

In some competitions participants are judged by the distance they travel in each event in a set amount of time. Times can vary between races. On other occasions, the triathlon is conducted in the same manner as an outdoor triathlon in that distances are set and participants compete to finish the total distance in the shortest amount of time. Generally, the swimming is the shortest event, and cycling is the longest. Occasionally, transition time will not be factored into the overall scoring. In one example, participants are given about 5 minutes to transition between events.

An indoor triathlon has several advantages when compared to an outdoor triathlon. Indoor triathlons are a way to compete during the winter, as well as a way to be introduced to the sport without facing an open water swim.


title: Georges J. Ranque

abstract: Georges-Joseph Ranque was the inventor of the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube, which generates streams of hot and cold gas from a stream of compressed gas. Georges-Joseph Ranque was born in Ambérieu-en-Bugey, France in 1898. His father, Léon-Joseph Ranque, worked as an engineer for a railroad; his mother was Joséphine Saint Germain. Georges attended the St. Louis lycée, where he became interested in physics. In 1918, he was admitted to the École Polytechnique in Paris, where he studied physics. Subsequently he did post-graduate work at the Conservatoire des Arts-et-Métiers. For six years he had been interested in the operation of the Pantone carburetor. This led him, in turn, to the study of vortices. In 1922, he was trying to develop an industrial vacuum pump for vacuuming iron filings. While studying the flow of air through the pump, he inserted a cone at one end of a tube in which air was flowing in the form of a vortex, and he noticed what is now called the Ranque effect; namely, that a stream of air could be split into two streams, one of hot air and the other of cold air. In 1931, he filed for a patent on his vortex tube, and in 1933, he presented a paper on it. In 1923, Ranque went to work for the Saint-Jacques steelworks in Montluçon, where he improved methods of producing steel. He became head of the metallurgical laboratory at Saint-Jacques, where he helped develop steels that would be used as armor in tanks and in the Maginot Line. In 1926, he married Eugénie Pierre in La Chapelaude. The couple had six children: Marie-Josèphe, Pierre, Marie-Noëlle, Marie-Thérèse, Monique and Marie-France. During the Second World War, he developed steels and alloys that would later be used by the aviation industry. After the war, he accepted a position at the Aubert et Duval steelworks in Les Ancizes. There, as director of the metallurgical laboratory, he developed alloys for aviation. In 1972, he published a book on the search for the philosopher’s stone, La Pierre philosophale. He died in 1973 in Colombes, a suburb of Paris.

text:
# Georges J. Ranque

**Georges-Joseph Ranque** (7 February 1898 – 15 January 1973) was the inventor of the Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube, which generates streams of hot and cold gas from a stream of compressed gas.

Georges-Joseph Ranque was born in Ambérieu-en-Bugey, France in 1898. His father, Léon-Joseph Ranque, worked as an engineer for a railroad; his mother was Joséphine Saint Germain. Georges attended the St. Louis lycée, where he became interested in physics. In 1918, he was admitted to the École Polytechnique in Paris, where he studied physics. Subsequently he did post-graduate work at the Conservatoire des Arts-et-Métiers.

For six years he had been interested in the operation of the Pantone carburetor. This led him, in turn, to the study of vortices. In 1922, he was trying to develop an industrial vacuum pump for vacuuming iron filings. While studying the flow of air through the pump, he inserted a cone at one end of a tube in which air was flowing in the form of a vortex, and he noticed what is now called the **Ranque effect**; namely, that a stream of air could be split into two streams, one of hot air and the other of cold air. In 1931, he filed for a patent on his vortex tube, and in 1933, he presented a paper on it.

In 1923, Ranque went to work for the Saint-Jacques steelworks in Montluçon, where he improved methods of producing steel. He became head of the metallurgical laboratory at Saint-Jacques, where he helped develop steels that would be used as armor in tanks and in the Maginot Line.

In 1926, he married Eugénie Pierre in La Chapelaude. The couple had six children: Marie-Josèphe, Pierre, Marie-Noëlle, Marie-Thérèse, Monique and Marie-France.

During the Second World War, he developed steels and alloys that would later be used by the aviation industry. After the war, he accepted a position at the Aubert et Duval steelworks in Les Ancizes. There, as director of the metallurgical laboratory, he developed alloys for aviation.

In 1972, he published a book on the search for the philosopher’s stone, *La Pierre philosophale*.

He died in 1973 in Colombes, a suburb of Paris.


title: Mike Jesse

abstract: Mike Jesse is a former professional German footballer. Jesse began playing football for enterprise sports communities BSG Chemie Schmöckwitz, BSG Motor Wildau, BSG Lokomotive Schöneweide and BSG Rotation Berlin. He then joined the youth department of football club BFC Dynamo in 1989. Jesse made his first appearance with the first team of BFC Dynamo, then named FC Berlin, as a substitute for Jens-Uwe Zöphel away against F.C. Hansa Rostock in the 17th matchday of the 1990-91 NOFV-Oberliga on 17 March 1991. He then became a regular player for FC Berlin the 1991-92 NOFV-Oberliga. Jesse left FC Berlin for BSV Brandeburg after the 1993-94 season. He scored six goals in 33 games for BSV Brandenburg in the 1994-95 Regionalliga Nordost. He was then signed by FC Energie Cottbus for the following season. Jesse had success in the 1996-97 DFB-Pokal with FC Energie Cottbus. The team made it all the way to the final. However, Jesse did not appear in the final. He then achieved promotion to the 2. Bundesliga with FC Energie Cottbus in the 1996-97 Regionaliga Nordost. Jesse made 74 appearances for FC Energie Cottbus in the 2. Bundesliga.

text:
# Mike Jesse

**Mike Jesse** (born 1 May 1973) is a former professional German footballer.

Jesse began playing football for enterprise sports communities BSG Chemie Schmöckwitz, BSG Motor Wildau, BSG Lokomotive Schöneweide and BSG Rotation Berlin. He then joined the youth department of football club BFC Dynamo in 1989.

Jesse made his first appearance with the first team of BFC Dynamo, then named FC Berlin, as a substitute for Jens-Uwe Zöphel away against F.C. Hansa Rostock in the 17th matchday of the 1990-91 NOFV-Oberliga on 17 March 1991. He then became a regular player for FC Berlin the 1991-92 NOFV-Oberliga.

Jesse left FC Berlin for BSV Brandeburg after the 1993-94 season. He scored six goals in 33 games for BSV Brandenburg in the 1994-95 Regionalliga Nordost. He was then signed by FC Energie Cottbus for the following season. Jesse had success in the 1996-97 DFB-Pokal with FC Energie Cottbus. The team made it all the way to the final. However, Jesse did not appear in the final. He then achieved promotion to the 2. Bundesliga with FC Energie Cottbus in the 1996-97 Regionaliga Nordost. Jesse made 74 appearances for FC Energie Cottbus in the 2. Bundesliga.

## InfoBox

Mike Jesse
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Mike Jesse | | |
| Date of birth | (1973-05-01) 1 May 1973 | | |
| Place of birth | Königs Wusterhausen, Bezirk Potsdam, East Germany | | |
| Height | 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Right back / Wing back | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 1989-1990 | BFC Dynamo | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1990–1994 | FC Berlin | 90 | (5) |
| 1994–1995 | BSV Brandenburg |  |  |
| 1995–2000 | Energie Cottbus | 128 | (0) |
| 2000–2001 | Tennis Borussia Berlin | 22 | (5) |
| 2001–2002 | BFC Dynamo |  |  |
| 2002–2005 | Ludwigsfelder FC |  |  |
| 2005–2010 | RSV Waltersdorf |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Ghetto Street Pharmacist

abstract: Ghetto Street Pharmacist is a solo album by DJ U-Neek, released in 1999. Krayzie Bone, Layzie Bone & Bizzy Bone, Dresta Tha Gangsta, Doggy's Angels, and Big Lurch make appearances on the album.

text:
# Ghetto Street Pharmacist

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

***Ghetto Street Pharmacist*** is a solo album by DJ U-Neek, released in 1999. Krayzie Bone, Layzie Bone & Bizzy Bone (of Bone Thugs-N-Harmony), Dresta Tha Gangsta, Doggy's Angels, and Big Lurch make appearances on the album.

## Critical reception

AllMusic wrote that "like many albums by producers, it showcases style over content, trying a few too many things at once."

## Track listing

1. Ghetto Street Pharmacy - (Intro)
2. On the Run (featuring Dresta The Gangsta and Cold 187um)
3. We Come To Serve 'Em (featuring The Kingpin Family)
4. California Streets (featuring L-Jay)
5. Bring It On (featuring Jagg)
6. Now That I'm Over You (featuring Gemini)
7. Woe Is I (featuring Dekumpozed)
8. Real Ones, The (featuring Big Lurch & Big Bone)
9. Blaze (featuring E.W.F. & Sneek)
10. Doctor, Doctor (featuring Gemini & Bizzy Bone)
11. Murda Murda (featuring Layzie Bone, Lethol & L-Jay)
12. Ain't No Love (featuring Doggy's Angels & Allfrumtha I)
13. What Must I Do (featuring Jaz & NytOwl)
14. On Deck (featuring NytOwl)
15. Eastsider (featuring Menenski of Black Hole of Watts)
16. I Want Cha Lovin' (featuring Lei Callaway, Topp Notch & E.W.F.)
17. Keep Servin' Em (featuring The KingPin Family)
18. Hard (featuring Virgil (V-Mix) Davis Jr., Tamera Reed)
19. We Come To Serve 'Em (Remix) (featuring The Kingpin Family, Krayzie Bone, Gemini, E.W.F., NytOwl & L-J)

## InfoBox

| Ghetto Street Pharmacist | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by DJ U-Neek | |
| Released | October 19, 1999 |
| Recorded | 1999 |
| Genre | Rap |
| Label | Thump |
| Producer | DJ U-Neek |


title: Precision Metalforming Association

abstract:
Precision Metalforming Association or PMA is a trade association representing the $137-billion metalforming industry of North America: the industry that creates precision metal products using stamping, fabricating, spinning, slide forming and roll forming technologies, and other value-added processes. PMA’s origin was the Pressed Metal Association founded in 1913; the group disbanded during the Great Depression. In 1942 the organization re-emerged as the Pressed Metal Institute, founded by 42 members in Cleveland Ohio. In 1961, the association’s name changed to the American Metal Stamping Association. The organization consists of several industry-focused “divisions:” Metal Spinning; Washer Manufacturing; Slideforming (1985); Small-Lot Stamping and Fabrication; Custom Rolforming(founded as the Custom Roll Forming Institute in 1972); Tool and Die(1999); Next Generation (2006); and the largest division, Metal Stamping. The Stamping division was formed in 1987 when the AMSA changed its name to the Precision Metalforming Association, to better demonstrate industries the PMA serves. PMA generates industry information in economic and industry survey reports. It provides benefits like Health Insurance for Members and the PMA 401(k) Retirement Plan. Additional, PMA is an advocacy group attempting to influence policy makers in Washington DC through a partnership with the National Tooling and Machining Association on topics like supply chain, safety regulations and taxes. Chicago-based industrialist and horticulturalist Bruce Krasberg was president of the PMA in the 1950s. In March 2023
the association elected Jeff Aznavorian, president of Plymouth, Michigan-based Clips & Clamps Industries, as its 2023 chairman of the board. PMA has 1,000 member companies primarily located in the United States and Canada.

text:
# Precision Metalforming Association

**Precision Metalforming Association** or PMA is a trade association representing the $137-billion metalforming industry of North America: the industry that creates precision metal products using stamping, fabricating, spinning, slide forming and roll forming technologies, and other value-added processes. PMA’s origin was the Pressed Metal Association founded in 1913; the group disbanded during the Great Depression. In 1942 the organization re-emerged as the Pressed Metal Institute, founded by 42 members in Cleveland Ohio. In 1961, the association’s name changed to the American Metal Stamping Association. The organization consists of several industry-focused “divisions:” Metal Spinning (chronological first division, 1975); Washer Manufacturing; Slideforming (1985); Small-Lot Stamping and Fabrication; Custom Rolforming(founded as the Custom Roll Forming Institute in 1972); Tool and Die(1999); Next Generation (2006); and the largest division, Metal Stamping. The Stamping division was formed in 1987 when the AMSA changed its name to the Precision Metalforming Association, to better demonstrate industries the PMA serves.

PMA generates industry information in economic and industry survey reports. It provides benefits like Health Insurance for Members and the PMA 401(k) Retirement Plan. Additional, PMA is an advocacy group attempting to influence policy makers in Washington DC through a partnership with the National Tooling and Machining Association on topics like supply chain, safety regulations and taxes.

Chicago-based industrialist and horticulturalist Bruce Krasberg was president of the PMA in the 1950s. In March 2023 the association elected Jeff Aznavorian, president of Plymouth, Michigan-based Clips & Clamps Industries, as its 2023 chairman of the board.

PMA has 1,000 member companies primarily located in the United States and Canada.

## InfoBox

Precision Metalforming Association
| Abbreviation | PMA |
| --- | --- |
| Formation | 1913 (1913) |
| Type | Industry trade association; advocacy group |
| Purpose | Lobbying, membership improvement, industry surveys and information |
| Headquarters | Independence, Ohio |
| Chairman | Jeff Aznavorian |
| President | David Klotz |
| COO/CFO | Mark Getsay |
| Website | PMA.org |


title: Natural Area Code

abstract: The Natural Area Code, or Universal Address, is a proprietary geocode system for identifying an area anywhere on the Earth, or a volume of space anywhere around the Earth. The use of thirty alphanumeric characters instead of only ten digits makes a NAC shorter than its numerical latitude/longitude equivalent.

text:
# Natural Area Code

The **Natural Area Code**, or **Universal Address**, is a proprietary geocode system for identifying an area anywhere on the Earth, or a volume of space anywhere around the Earth. The use of thirty alphanumeric characters instead of only ten digits makes a NAC shorter than its numerical latitude/longitude equivalent.

## Two-dimensional system

Instead of numerical longitudes and latitudes, a grid with 30 rows and 30 columns - each cell denoted by the numbers 0-9 and the twenty consonants of the Latin alphabet \- is laid over the flattened globe. A NAC cell (or block) can be subdivided repeatedly into smaller NAC grids to yield an arbitrarily small area, subject to the ±1 m limitations of the World Geodetic System (WGS) data of 1984.

A NAC represents an area on the Earth—the longer the NAC, the smaller the area (and thereby, location) represented. A ten-character NAC can uniquely specify any building, house, or fixed object in the world. An eight-character NAC specifies an area no larger than 25 metres by 50 metres, while a ten-character NAC cell is no larger than 0.8 metres by 1.6 metres.

Using a base 30 positional numeral system, NAC uses an alternate method which excludes vowels and avoids potential confusion between "0" (zero) and "O" (capital "o"), and "1" (one) and "I" (capital "i"):

| Decimal | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Base 30 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | B | C | D | F | G |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Decimal | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 |
| Base 30 | H | J | K | L | M | N | P | Q | R | S | T | V | W | X | Z |

For example, the ten-character NAC for the centre of the city of Brussels is HBV6R RG77T.

## Extension to three dimensions

The full NAC system provides a third coordinate: altitude. This coordinate is the arctangent of the altitude, relative to the Earth's radius, and scaled so that the zero point (000...) is at the centre of the Earth, the midpoint (H00...) is the local radius of the geoid, i.e. the Earth's surface, and the endpoint (ZZZ...) is at infinity.

For example, the three-dimensional NAC for the centre of Brussels, at ground level, is HBV6R RG77T H0000.

1. "Legal and Licensing". *www.nacgeo.com*. Retrieved 2020-03-23.

### Further reading


title: Pribojska Goleša

abstract: Pribojska Goleša is a village in the municipality of Priboj, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 204 people.

text:
# Pribojska Goleša

**Pribojska Goleša** is a village in the municipality of Priboj, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 204 people.

43°30′N 19°30′E / 43.500°N 19.500°E / 43.500; 19.500

## InfoBox

| Pribojska Goleša | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Pribojska Goleša | |
| Coordinates: 43°30′N 19°30′E / 43.500°N 19.500°E / 43.500; 19.500 | |
| Country | Serbia |
| District | Zlatibor District |
| Municipality | Priboj |
| Population (2002) | |
| Total | 204 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Nikola Kekić

abstract: Nikola Kekić is a Croatian Greek Catholic hierarch, who served as the bishop of the Greek-Catholic Eparchy of Križevci.

text:
# Nikola Kekić

**Nikola Kekić** (born January 18, 1943) is a Croatian Greek Catholic hierarch, who served as the bishop of the Greek-Catholic Eparchy of Križevci.

## Childhood and education

Nikola Kekić was born in 1943 in the village of Stari Grad Žumberački, in the Croatian Žumberak. He comes from a Croatian family. Kekic was baptized in the Greek Catholic Church of Peter and Paul in Mrzlo Polje, Ivančna Gorica. The primary school years spent in Nicholas Kekic Sošice and Ilok. From September 1, 1956 was his first four years of education in Greek Catholic Seminary in Zagreb with the traditional visit to the local grammar school. The school was for another four years in Zagreb's Franciscan Order, where he obtained his graduation in 1963.

## Study

From September 23, 1963 to March 10, 1965 contributed Kekic from his military service in Yugoslavia. In the same year Nicholas Kekic begins with the theological and philosophical studies at the Catholic Faculty of Zagreb. The diocesan bishop of the diocese in 1967 Križevci gave him permission to continue his studies at the Pontifical Urban University in Rome. During his studies Kekic also visited the Ukrainian Pontifical College of Saint Josaphat in Rome.

## Ordination

Nicholas Kekic was ordained on November 1, 1970 by the Greek-Catholic bishop of the diocese of Križevci Gabrijel Bukatko, in the Greek-Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul in Sošice. In December 1970 he was with the pastoral leadership of the Greek-Catholic parish of St. Peter and Paul in charge Mrzlo Polje. It was followed in December 1972 appointment as head of the "Greek-Catholic center" in Karlovac. His pastoral activities began in the time Kekic temporarily continued in the Greek-Catholic parishes, "Annunciation" in Pribić and "Assumption" in Pećno.

## Further Studies

In 1977 Nicholas Kekic stayed again in Rome. He attended the Pontifical Croatian College of St. Jerome in Rome and continued his studies in church history at the Pontifical Oriental Institute and ended it with the receipt of the degree of Master of Arts.

## Return

After returning from Rome Kekic again became head of the "Greek-Catholic center" in Karlovac. From November 1984 he was appointed vice rector of the Greek Catholic Seminary in Zagreb, ibid Kekic took over on July 1, 1990 as rector of this. From December 1, 1984 he was by the decree of the Diocese of Križevci senior pastor of the Greek-Catholic parish of St. Cyril and Methodius, also in Zagreb. Nicholas Kekic is on December 1, 1988 executive dean of the deanery of the Diocese of Križevci.

From the December 8, 2003 was for the Bishop of Križevci Slavomir Miklovš the duties of a Konsultators, while he was a member of the presbyters of the diocese and Liturgierat Križevci. For years, Nicholas Kekic with the duties of a church in the diocese archivist Križevci been commissioned. Since September 1998, he headed Nicholas Kekic in Catholic radio on "Radio Maria" the program "From the heritage of the Greek-Catholic Christians," he also was the organizer of all radio and television broadcasts Greek Catholic church services in Croatia. Kekic 1999, a senior editor and publisher of the Greek-Catholic church newspaper "Žumberački Krijes". Nicholas Kekic is fluent in his native Croatian, Italian, Ukrainian and German.

Pope Benedict XVI. appointed on May 25, 2009 Nicholas Kekic at the age of sixty-six years as bishop of Križevci. The consecration ceremony took place on July 4, 2009 in the Greek-Catholic Cathedral of the Most Holy Trinity in Križevci place. Principal consecrator was Bishop Emeritus of Križevci Slavomir Miklovš. Co-consecrators were the Apostolic Nuncio to Croatia Mario Roberto Cassari and the Roman Catholic Archbishop of Zagreb, Josip Cardinal Bozanić.

## InfoBox

| The Right Reverend
Nikola Kekić | |
| --- | --- |
| Eparch of Križevci | |
|  | |
| Church | Croatian Greek Catholic Church |
| Diocese | Eparchy of Križevci |
| Appointed | May 25, 2009 |
| Term ended | March 18, 2019 |
| Predecessor | Slavomir Miklovš |
| Successor | Milan Stipić |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | November 1, 1970 (Priest) |
| Consecration | July 4, 2009 (Bishop)
by Slavomir Miklovš |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1943-01-18) 18 January 1943
Žumberak, Croatia |


title: Paola Giuliano

abstract: Paola Giuliano is an economist and currently the Chauncey J. Medberry Chair in Management at the University of California, Los Angeles. Giuliano is a research affiliate at the Centre for Economic Policy Research, a research fellow at the Institute of Labour Economics (IZA) and a research associate at the NBER. In 2004, she won the Young Economic Award from the European Economic Association, which has also elected her fellow.

text:
# Paola Giuliano

**Paola Giuliano** (Italy ,1972) is an economist and currently the Chauncey J. Medberry Chair in Management at the University of California, Los Angeles.

Giuliano is a research affiliate at the Centre for Economic Policy Research, a research fellow at the Institute of Labour Economics (IZA) and a research associate at the NBER. In 2004, she won the Young Economic Award from the European Economic Association, which has also elected her fellow.

## Career and education

She obtained a B.A. and M.A. from Bocconi University and a Ph.D. in economics from the University of California, Berkeley in 2003. From 2003 to 2008, she was an economist at the International Monetary Fund. During her tenure at the IMF, she was also a visiting scholar at Harvard University from 2006 to 2008. In 2008, she joined the Anderson School of Management at UCLA where she stayed until now. In 2016-2017 she was a visiting associate professor at Harvard University.

## Research

Giuliano mainly researches Cultural Economics, Social Economics and Political Economy. Her works have been cited over 14,000 times and she is the 70th most influential woman in economics according to her citation count on IDEAS. She has published in the Quarterly Journal of Economics, The Review of Economics Studies and the Journal of the European Economic Association.

Her work on culture has been recognized in the profession and she was asked to write a review article on "Culture and Institutions" in the Journal of Economics Literature along with Alberto Alesina.

Her research has been featured in Washington Post, Financial Times, The Guardian, New York Times, The Economist, Corriere della Sera, Le Figaro, Forbes and CNBC.

## Selected bibliography

* Alesina, Alberto; Giuliano, Paola; Nunn, Nathan (2013). "On the Origins of Gender Roles: Women and the Plough". Quarterly Journal of Economics. 128 (2): 469–530
* Alesina, Alberto; Giuliano, Paola (2015). "Culture and Institutions". Journal of Economic Literature. 53 (4): 898–944.
* Giuliano, Paola (2007). "Living Arrangements in Western Europe: Does Cultural Origin Matter?". Journal of the European Economic Association. 5 (5): 927–952.

## InfoBox

| Paola Giuliano | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Italy, 1972 |
|  | |
| Academic career | |
| Institution | UCLA Anderson School of Management |
| Alma mater | Bocconi University<br>University of California, Berkeley |
|  | |


title: Georges Izard

abstract: Georges Izard was a French politician, lawyer, journalist and essayist.

text:
# Georges Izard

**Georges Izard** (17 June 1903, in Abeilhan, Hérault – 20 September 1973, in Paris) was a French politician, lawyer, journalist and essayist.

## Biography

Izard was named chief of staff to Charles Daniélou, then the minister of the merchant marine, whose daughter he married in 1929. ON 26 April 1936, he was elected member of parliament as a candidate of the Frontist Party in Meurthe-et-Moselle against a candidate of the extreme-right, Pierre Amidieu du Clos.

In November 1936, he founded the Frontist Party with Bergery. He left the Frontist party in November 1937 to join the SFIO. In July 1938 he became technical adviser to the Socialist Federation of Meurthe-et-Moselle.

In 1940, as a volunteer soldier, he was taken as a prisoner of war by the Germans. Released for reasons of health, he joined the resistance as part of the Organisation civile et militaire (OCM). From November 1944, he was a member of Provisional Consultative Assembly Constituent Assembly of the Fourth Republic. He was Secretary-General of the OCM from 1945 to 1948. He then pursued a successful legal career. In November 1971, he was named to the Académie française.

Izard died on 20 September 1973.

## Works

* *La Pensée de Charles Péguy* (with Emmanuel Mounier and Marcel Péguy, 1931)
* *Où va le communisme ? L'évolution du parti communiste. Les textes* (1936)
* *La Bataille de la France* (Avec André Deléage, Georges Duveau, Jules Roman et L.-E. Galeÿ, 1938)
* *Les Classes moyennes* (1938)
* *Les Coulisses de la Convention* (1939)
* *Principes de droit civil, Cours professé à l'École supérieure d'organisation professionnelle* (1944)
* *L'Homme est révolutionnaire* (1945)
* *Principes de droit civil, Cours professé à l'École nationale d'organisation économique et sociale* (1946)
* *Viol d'un mausolée, le sens et l'avenir de la déstalinisation* (1957)
* *Lettre affligée au général de Gaulle* (1964)
* *Sainte Catherine de Gênes et l'au-delà* (1969)


title: Milan Vlaisavljević

abstract: Milan Vlaisavljević is a politician in Serbia. He has served in the Assembly of Vojvodina since 2012 as a member of the Serbian Progressive Party.

text:
# Milan Vlaisavljević

**Milan Vlaisavljević** (Serbian Cyrillic: Милан Влаисављевић; born 1974) is a politician in Serbia. He has served in the Assembly of Vojvodina since 2012 as a member of the Serbian Progressive Party.

## Private career

Vlaisavljević holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Psychology. He is the director of the *Vita* addictions centre in Novi Sad and often speaks about addiction issues in the Serbian media.

In late 2019, N1 reported that Vlaisavljević was the owner of the *Fontana* hotel in Vrnjacka Banja, which received significant funding from the Serbian ministry of economy for renovations.

## Politician

Vlaisavljević received the second position on the Progressive Party's electoral list in the 2012 Vojvodina provincial election and was elected when the list won fourteen mandates. The election was won by the Democratic Party and its allies, and Vlaisavljević served in opposition for the next four years.

Vojvodina adopted a system of full proportional representation for the 2016 provincial election. Vlaisavljević this time received the twentieth position on the Progressive list and was re-elected when the list won a majority victory with sixty-three out of 120 mandates. He won a third term in the 2020 provincial election, in which the Progressives and their allies won an increased majority.

He is now the president of the assembly committee on administrative and mandatory issues and a member of the committee on security.


title: Ghetto Therapy

abstract: Ghetto Therapy is the first collaborative album by American rappers Sen Dog and Mellow Man Ace as the Reyes Brothers, released on June 13, 2006 via Latin Thugs Entertainment LLC.

text:
# Ghetto Therapy

***Ghetto Therapy*** is the first collaborative album by American rappers Sen Dog and Mellow Man Ace as the **Reyes Brothers**, released on June 13, 2006 via Latin Thugs Entertainment LLC.

## Background

The seventeen-track record features guest appearances by the likes of Cypress Hill, Warren G, Snoop Dogg, Bishop Lamont, Bishop Don Juan Magic, Slip Malota, Pop Duke, O. Brown, J Killa, Frank Lee White.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "If I Die" |  | Fredwreck | 4:22 |
| 2. | "H.A.R.D." | * Reyes * Reyes * Richard Ascencio | DJ Ace | 3:44 |
| 3. | "I Lied" | * Reyes * Reyes * Nassar | Fredwreck | 3:48 |
| 4. | "Traffic" (featuring Slip Matola) | * Reyes * Reyes | * Big Marv * Slip Matola | 3:28 |
| 5. | "Interlude" | Reyes | * Big Marv * Roy Twizzle | 0:47 |
| 6. | "We O.G.'s" (featuring Frank Lee White, Snoop Dogg & Warren G) |  | Warren G | 3:38 |
| 7. | "Fight Night" (featuring Bishop Lamont) |  | B-Real | 4:11 |
| 8. | "It's Yours" (featuring O. Brown) |  | DJ Muggs | 4:42 |
| 9. | "Sip A Dat" | * Reyes * Reyes * Dave Aron | Dave "Dizzle" Aron | 3:04 |
| 10. | "Birdie Birdie" (featuring Slip Matola) | * Reyes * Reyes * Ascencio | DJ Ace | 3:15 |
| 11. | "Kushed Out" | * Reyes * Reyes | * Big Marv * Roy Twizzle | 2:08 |
| 12. | "It's Official" (featuring The Bishop Don Magic Juan) | * Reyes * Reyes | XL | 4:10 |
| 13. | "Is What It Is" | * Reyes * Reyes * Curtis Ewing | XL | 3:46 |
| 14. | "Bulletproof Game" (featuring B-Real & J-Killa) | * Reyes * Reyes * Freese | B-Real | 4:41 |
| 15. | "It's Goin' Down" | * Reyes * Reyes * Nassar | Fredwreck | 4:00 |
| 16. | "Wild Wild West" (featuring Pop Duke) | * Reyes * Reyes | Roy Twizzle | 3:47 |
| 17. | "You Don't Know Me" |  | Scoop DeVille | 4:03 |
| Total length: | | | | 1:01:34 |

## Technical personnel

* Brian "Big Bass" Gardner – mastering
* Brian Warfield – recording
* Bronek Wroblewski – drum programming
* Dave Aron – mixing, recording
* Estevan Oriol – design, layout, photography
* Fred Sherman – executive producer
* Gregg "The Wave Doctor" Sartiano – mixing
* Louis Freese – recording
* Lucky (of Soul Assassins Studio) – design, layout
* Mark Machado – design, layout
* Marvin "Big Marv" Sheleby – executive producer
* Roberto Jimenez – producer

## InfoBox

| Ghetto Therapy | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Reyes Brothers | |
| Released | June 13, 2006 (2006-06-13) |
| Genre | Hip hop |
| Length | 1:01:34 |
| Label | Latin Thug |
| Producer |  |
|  | |
| Mellow Man Ace chronology | |
| *Vengo A Cobrar*
(2004) ***Ghetto Therapy***
(2006) *La Familia Vol. 1*
(2008) | |
| Sen Dog chronology | |
| *Till Death Do Us Part*
(2004) ***Ghetto Therapy***
(2006) *Diary Of A Mad Dog*
(2008) | |
|  | |


title: Premio Fernanda Pivano

abstract: The Fernanda Pivano Award for American Literature is an Italian literary award for American authors. It is named in honor of Fernanda Pivano. The Fernanda Pivano Award represents the work of spreading American literature that Pivano undertook in Italy. The beginning of her literary journey dates back to 1943, with the publication of the first translation of the Spoon River Anthology by Edgar Lee Masters. Since 2009, the Award took over the specific objective of promoting the works of American writers in Italy.

text:
# Premio Fernanda Pivano

The **Fernanda Pivano Award for American Literature** is an Italian literary award for American authors. It is named in honor of Fernanda Pivano.

The Fernanda Pivano Award represents the work of spreading American literature that Pivano undertook in Italy. The beginning of her literary journey dates back to 1943, with the publication of the first translation of the *Spoon River Anthology* by Edgar Lee Masters.

Since 2009, the Award took over the specific objective of promoting the works of American writers in Italy.

| Year | Winners |
| --- | --- |
| 2009 | Erica Jong |
| 2010 | Joyce Carol Oates |
| 2011 | Michael Cunningham |
| 2012 | Rick Moody, Paul Harding |
| 2013 | Michael Chabon |
| 2014 | Andrew Sean Greer |
| 2015 | Jonathan Galassi |
|


title: Zingara (song)

abstract: "Zingara" is a song composed by Enrico Riccardi and Luigi Albertelli. The song won the nineteenth edition of the Sanremo Music Festival 1969, with a double performance by Bobby Solo and Iva Zanicchi. The Solo's version peaked at first place for two weeks on the Italian hit parade. The song also named a musicarello film with the same name, directed by Mariano Laurenti and starred by the same Bobby Solo and by Loretta Goggi.

text:
# Zingara (song)

"**Zingara**" (Italian for *Gypsy woman*) is a song composed by Enrico Riccardi and Luigi Albertelli. The song won the nineteenth edition of the Sanremo Music Festival 1969, with a double performance by Bobby Solo and Iva Zanicchi. The Solo's version peaked at first place for two weeks on the Italian hit parade.

The song also named a musicarello film with the same name, directed by Mariano Laurenti and starred by the same Bobby Solo and by Loretta Goggi.

## Charts

| Chart (1969) | Peak position |
| --- | --- |
| Argentina (CAPIF) | 4 |
| Brazil (IBOPE) | 1 |
| Italy (Musica e dischi) | 1 |
| Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade) | 7 |

## Track listing

### Bobby Solo Version

7" single – SRL 10-527 1. "Zingara" (Enrico Riccardi, Luigi Albertelli)
2. "Piccola ragazza triste" (Cesare Gigli, Gianni Sanjust, Capuano, Bobby Solo)

### Iva Zanicchi Version

7" single – REN NP 16327 1. "Zingara" (Enrico Riccardi, Luigi Albertelli)
2. "Io Sogno" (Salvatore Vinciguerra)

## InfoBox

| "Zingara" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Bobby Solo | |
| from the album  *Il Meglio Di Bobby Solo* | |
| B-side | "Piccola ragazza triste" |
| Released | February 1969 |
| Genre | Pop |
| Label | Ricordi |
| Songwriter(s) | Enrico Riccardi and Luigi Albertelli |
| Bobby Solo singles chronology | |
| "Amore mi manchi"
(1969) "**Zingara**"
(1969) "Domenica d'agosto"
(1969) | |


title: Vivian Paley

abstract: Vivian Gussin Paley was an American pre-school and kindergarten teacher and early childhood education researcher. She taught and did most of her research at the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools and was the recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship, as well as the author of numerous books.

text:
# Vivian Paley

**Vivian Gussin Paley** (January 25, 1929 – July 26, 2019) was an American pre-school and kindergarten teacher and early childhood education researcher. She taught and did most of her research at the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools and was the recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship, as well as the author of numerous books.

## Early career

Vivan Paley was born in Chicago, Illinois. After receiving her Ph.B. from the University of Chicago in 1947, and a B.A. in Psychology from Newcomb College in 1950, she began her teaching career in New Orleans in the 1950s, and later in Great Neck, New York. It was during her time teaching in New Orleans that she began to reflect on some of the ways in which childhood learning at the time was being choked by an overemphasis on strict learning boundaries (e.g., that children could only be allowed to learn how to write in capital letters, not lower-case) and perfunctory memorization.

While teaching in Great Neck, she began to reflect on how play can be the "most usable context" for interaction and intellectual growth among kindergartners. This view, however, flew in the face of what many early education teachers thought at the time, that with the rise of television's easily accessible portrayals of violence, children were becoming too intense and restless, and if anything, needed more vigilant limits on playtime. Many of her insights during this time laid the foundation for her later writings.

After receiving her M.A. from Hofstra University in 1962, she returned to Chicago, where she dedicated the rest of her teaching career. It was during the 1970s that she began writing the books on early childhood learning (see below) which have made her so well regarded in early education circles. Despite her status today, however, she described the first 13 years of her teaching career as being an "uninspired and uninspiring teacher."

## Research

Throughout her career, Paley wrote numerous books containing her observations of and reflections about her classroom and students, primarily those at the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools where she taught pre-school and kindergarten for many years. To collect her data, Paley made audio-recordings of her classrooms so that she could listen to and analyze the interactions that occurred. In so doing, she would often hear private conversations between children that would help her think about the unique way young children communicate with other young children.

Generally, each of her books contains one driving theme. For example, *You Can’t Say You Can’t Play* focuses on the desire of some students to exclude others during classroom playtime. Paley imposed a rule that children could not exclude other children from play, and discusses the importance of fairness in the classroom. In her books *White Teacher* and *Kwanzaa and Me*, Paley explores issues of multiculturalism within the classroom. In particular, she reflects on her own experiences as a white teacher of children of color and analyzes how she can best support and promote a racially diverse classroom.

Many educators believe that Paley's biggest legacy is in the area of storytelling and fantasy play, which she directly addresses in her books *A Child’s Work: The Importance of Fantasy Play*, *The Boy Who Would Be a Helicopter*, *Bad Guys Don’t Have Birthdays: Fantasy Play at Four*. Paley argues in these and other works that storytelling and fantasy play can significantly impact a child's academic and social growth. They help young children make sense of the world around them, adapt to the classroom, develop language, and collaborate with peers. Some critics of the federal No Child Left Behind Act point to Paley's research as evidence that learning and developing can take place using storytelling and other means, which should be used in lieu of, or in addition to, the NCLB-mandated direct instruction and teacher-led activities.

Vivian Gussin Paley was patron to MakeBelieve Arts. MakeBelieve Arts have an Early Years strand which is dedicated to Paleys work called *Helicopter Stories: Letting Imagination Fly*. This grew out of Vivian Gussin Paley's book *The Boy Who Would Be a Helicopter* (published 1990 Harvard University Press). After studying Vivian's work and visiting her in America, artistic director, Trisha Lee began pioneering the approach in the UK.

## Published works

* *White Teacher* (1979). 2009, Second Edition, with a New Preface, ISBN 0674041798
* *Wally's Stories* (1981)
* *Mollie is Three: Growing Up in School* (1988) ISBN 978-0-226-64494-3
* *Bad Guys Don't Have Birthdays: Fantasy Play at Four* (1988) ISBN 978-0-226-64496-7
* *The Boy Who Would Be A Helicopter* (1991)
* *You Can't Say You Can't Play* (1993)
* *Kwanzaa and Me: A Teacher's Story* (1995)
* *The Girl With the Brown Crayon* (1997)
* *The Kindness of Children* (1999)
* *In Mrs. Tully's Room: A Child-Care Portrait* (2001)
* *A Child's Work: The Importance of Fantasy Play* (2004) ISBN 978-0-226-64489-9
* *The Boy on the Beach: Building Community through Play* (2010) ISBN 978-0-226-64503-2
* *Boys and Girls: Superheroes in the Doll Corner* (New Edition, 2014) ISBN 978-0-226-13010-1

## Awards

Vivian Paley received a MacArthur Fellowship (Genius Grant) in 1989 in recognition of her books about young children, the Erikson Institute Award for Service to Children in 1987, the American Book Award for Lifetime Achievement from the Before Columbus Foundation in 1998, and the John Dewey Society's Outstanding Achievement Award in 2000. In 1997, Paley's book, *The Girl With the Brown Crayon* was awarded the Harvard University Press Virginia and Warren Stone Prize for the outstanding book about education and Society. In 1999, the National Council of Teachers of English awarded her the David H. Russell Award for Distinguished Teaching in English, also for *The Girl With the Brown Crayon*. In 2004, Paley was named Outstanding Educator by the National Council of Teachers of English.

## InfoBox

| Vivian Paley | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Vivian Gussin Paley
(1929-01-25)January 25, 1929
Chicago, Illinois |
| Died | July 26, 2019(2019-07-26) (aged 90) |
| Occupations | * Teacher * education researcher |
| Awards | 1989 MacArthur Fellowship |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater |  |
| Academic work | |
| Discipline | Early childhood learning |
| Institutions | University of Chicago Laboratory Schools |
|  | |


abstract: The Presidential Climate Commission is a South African statutory body composed of government ministers and other social stakeholders appointed in December 2020 by President Cyril Ramaphosa to oversee South Africa's response to climate change. It is established to monitor and review the country's progress in reducing emissions - shifting from burning fossil fuels and adapting to forms of green energy without leading to job losses as part of the just transition programme.

text:
# Presidential Climate Commission (South Africa)

The **Presidential Climate Commission** is a South African statutory body composed of government ministers and other social stakeholders appointed in December 2020 by President Cyril Ramaphosa to oversee South Africa's response to climate change. It is established to monitor and review the country's progress in reducing emissions - shifting from burning fossil fuels and adapting to forms of green energy without leading to job losses as part of the just transition programme.

## Overview

South Africa ranks number 14 on the global list of countries that have the largest carbon emitters because of its reliance on coal as a source of electrical energy. Recently, electricity generator Eskom said a total of 213.2 tons of carbon dioxide were emitted just in the year 2020 alone. President Cyril Ramaphosa formed the Presidential Climate Commission in September 2020 and its over 40 members - who are representatives from government departments, state entities, business organisations, labour, academia, civil society, research institutions and traditional leadership - were appointed in December 2020 and recruitment of members were ongoing. The decision to establish South Africa's climate change commission was a resolution taken at the Presidential Health Summit held on 19 and 20 October 2018 in Boksburg, Gauteng. The commission is tasked with overseeing a just transition to a low-carbon. The commission meets quarterly to have its ad hoc groups giving reports to Ramaphosa on progress. South Africa aims to align itself with the Paris Agreement on climate change by moving away from carbon footprint to using cleaner energy sources.

## Members

The chairperson of the commission is president Cyril Ramaphosa and its deputy chairperson is Valli Moosa. Its members are from the departments of the South African government, state entities, business organisations, labour, academia, civil society, research institutions and traditional leadership. The full list of members is below:


title: Nikola Kicev

abstract: Nikola Kicev is a Macedonian professional basketball Shooting guard who currently plays for EuroNickel 2005 in the Macedonian First League.

text:
# Nikola Kicev

**Nikola Kicev** (born April 6, 1998) is a Macedonian professional basketball Shooting guard who currently plays for EuroNickel 2005 in the Macedonian First League.

## InfoBox

Nikola Kicev
| EuroNickel 2005 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position | Shooting guard |
| League | Macedonian First League |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1998-04-06) April 6, 1998<br>Kavadarci, Macedonia |
| Nationality | Macedonian |
| Listed height | 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) |
| Career information | |
| Playing career | 2013–present |
| Career history | |
| 2013–present | EuroNickel 2005 |
|  | |


title: Pan Entertainment

abstract: Pan Entertainment is a Korean drama production company. It was established on April 3, 1998 under the name HS Media Co., Ltd.. Its main office, called The PAN, is located in Seoul's Mapo District. The company's slogan is A world of magical contents.

text:
# Pan Entertainment

**Pan Entertainment** (Korean: 주식회사 팬 엔터테인먼트; RR: *Jusikhwisa Paen Enteoinmeonteu*) is a Korean drama production company. It was established on April 3, 1998 under the name **HS Media Co., Ltd.**. Its main office, called *The PAN*, is located in Seoul's Mapo District.

The company's slogan is *A world of magical contents* (Korean: 콘텐츠 마법의 세계; RR: *kontencheu mabeob-ui segye*).

## List of works

| Year | Title | Network | Note(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2002 | *Winter Sonata* | KBS 2TV | part of the *Endless Love* series |
| | *Yi Je-ma, Man of the Sun* | |  |
| | *Solitude* | |  |
| 2003 | *Summer Scent* | | part of the *Endless Love* series |
| | *Rose Fence* | |  |
| 2004 | *Forbidden Love* | |  |
| | *Second Proposal* | |  |
| | *Bang Bang* | | KBS live situation special |
| 2005 | *My Rosy Life* | |  |
| | *The Secret Lovers* | MBC |  |
| 2006 | *Famous Chil Princesses* | KBS 2TV |  |
| | *Thank You, My Life* | |  |
| 2007 | *Unstoppable Marriage* | KBS 1TV | in association with POIBOS Co. Ltd. |
| | *It's Ok Because I Love You* | KBS 2TV |  |
| | | *I Am Sam* |  |
| | | *Several Questions That Make Us Happy* |  |
| | | *My Mom, Supermom* | in association with Naxen Film |
| 2008 | *Don't Cry My Love* | MBC |  |
| | *The Scale of Providence* | SBS |  |
| | *Cooking Up Romance* | KBS 2TV | a/k/a *Dukbaegi* |
| | | *Women of the Sun* |  |
| 2010 | *Brilliant Legacy* | SBS |  |
| | *Oh! My Lady* | |  |
| | *Daring Women* | |  |
| | *Home Sweet Home* | MBC |  |
| | *Pure Pumpkin Flower* | SBS |  |
| 2011 | *The Duo* | MBC |  |
| | *Indomitable Daughters-in-Law* | |  |
| 2012 | *Can Love Become Money* | MBN |  |
| | *Moon Embracing the Sun* | MBC |  |
| | *Man from the Equator* | KBS 2TV |  |
| | | *Bridal Mask* | in association with *Bridal Mask* SPC and KBS N |
| | *My Lover, Madame Butterfly* | SBS |  |
| 2013 | *A Hundred Year Legacy* | MBC |  |
| | *Passionate Love* | SBS |  |
| 2014 | *Golden Cross* | KBS 2TV |  |
| | *Gap-dong* | tvN |  |
| | *Mama* | MBC |  |
| | | *4 Legendary Witches* |  |
| 2015 | | *Kill Me, Heal Me* | in association with Zhejiang Huace Film & TV |
| | *Heard It Through the Grapevine* | SBS | replaced Paulownia starting episode 17 |
| | *The Dearest Lady* | MBC |  |
| 2016 | *The Gentlemen of Wolgyesu Tailor Shop* | KBS 2TV |  |
| | *The Doctors* | SBS |  |
| | *Marriage Contract* | MBC |  |
| 2017 | *Whisper* | SBS |  |
| | *Unknown Woman* | KBS 2TV |  |
| | | *Fight for My Way* |  |
| | *Hospital Ship* | MBC |  |
| | *Temperature of Love* | SBS |  |
| 2018 | *My Contracted Husband, Mr. Oh* | MBC |  |
| 2019 | *Liver or Die* | KBS2 | in association with Chorokbaem Media |
| | *When the Camellia Blooms* | KBS2 |  |
| | *Never Twice* | MBC |  |
| 2020 | *Record of Youth* | tvN | in association with Studio Dragon |
| 2021 | *Revolutionary Sisters* | KBS 2TV | in association with Chorokbaem Media |
| | *Racket Boys* | SBS | in association with Studio S |
| | *The Second Husband* | MBC | in association with MBC C&I |
| 2022 | *Gaus Electronics* | ENA | in association with Ling-aling |
| 2023 | *The Secret Romantic Guesthouse* | SBS | in association with Apollo Pictures and Studio S |
| | *The Killing Vote* | | in association with Studio S |
| 2024 | *The Whirlwind* | Netflix | in association with Studio Dragon |
| | *DNA Lover* | TV Chosun | in association with Higround and IP Box Media |
| TBA | *When Life Gives You Tangerines* | Netflix | in association with Baram Pictures |

## Subsidiaries

### Pan Stars Company

**Pan Stars Company** is an artist management agency owned by Pan Entertainment.

#### Artists

## InfoBox

Pan Entertainment Co., Ltd.
|
|  |
| Company type | Public |
| Traded as | KRX: 068050 |
| Industry | entertainment and media production |
| Founded | April 3, 1998 (1998-04-03), as HS Media Co., Ltd. |
| Headquarters | The PAN, World Cup-buk-ro 58-gil, Mapo-gu, Seoul, South Korea |
| Area served | South Korea |
| Key people | Park Jong-sul, Moon Jung-soo (president)
Park Young-seok (CEO)
Kim Hee-yeol (vice-president and head of drama production) |
| Products | Korean dramas |
| Services | Production |
| Revenue | 53 billion won (Q1 of 2014) |
| Operating income | 500 million won (Q1 of 2014) |
| Net income | 400 million won (Q1 of 2014) |
| Total equity | 4.6 billion won (2014) |
| Owner | * DANAL CO., LTD. (25.81%) * Park Young-seok (25.26%) |
| Number of employees | 33 (2014) |
| Subsidiaries | * Pan Stars Company (100%) * Tips Commission (61%) * Big I Entertainment (60%) |
| Korean: 주식회사 팬 엔터테인먼트; RR: *Jusikhoesa Paen Enteoinmeonteu*; MR: *Chusikhoesa P'aen Entŏteinmŏntŭ* | |
| Website | www.thepan.co.kr |


title: Inferior deep cervical lymph nodes

abstract: The inferior deep cervical lymph nodes are one of the two groups of the deep cervical lymph nodes. They are situated partial deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. They are closely related to the inferior portion of internal jugular vein; some are also closely related to the brachial plexus, and the subclavian artery and subclavian vein. Some superior deep cervical lymph nodes drain to the inferior deep cervical lymph nodes. The inferior deep cervical lymph nodes drain to the jugular lymph trunk.

text:
# Inferior deep cervical lymph nodes

The **inferior deep cervical lymph nodes** are one of the two groups of the deep cervical lymph nodes (the other being the superior deep cervical lymph nodes).

They are situated partial deep to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. They are closely related to the inferior portion of internal jugular vein; some are also closely related to the brachial plexus, and the subclavian artery and subclavian vein (those situated in the supraclavicular triangle \- beyond the posterior margin of the sternocleidomastoid muscle).

Some superior deep cervical lymph nodes drain to the inferior deep cervical lymph nodes. The inferior deep cervical lymph nodes drain to the jugular lymph trunk.

## InfoBox

| Inferior deep cervical lymph nodes | |
| --- | --- |
| Superficial lymph glands and lymphatic vessels of head and neck. (Inferior deep cervical glands labeled at bottom right.) | |
| Details | |
| System | Lymphatic system |
| Source | Superior deep cervical lymph nodes |
| Drains to | Jugular trunk |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | *nodi lymphoidei cervicales laterales profundi inferiores* |
| Anatomical terminology | |


title: Georges Izambard

abstract:
Georges Alphonse Fleury Izambard was a French school teacher, best known as the teacher and benefactor of poet Arthur Rimbaud. He taught at the Collège de Charleville in Charleville, where his nickname was "Zanzibar". On 4 May 1870, Rimbaud's mother wrote to Izambard to complain about him giving Rimbaud Victor Hugo's Les Misérables to read. In May 1871, Rimbaud sent an important letter to Izambard. In this letter,, he affirms that he wants to be a poet, and that he is working to become a "voyant":
  - Je veux être poète, et je travaille à me rendre voyant : vous ne comprendrez pas du tout, et je ne saurais presque vous expliquer. Il s'agit d'arriver à l'inconnu par le dérèglement de tous les sens. Les souffrances sont énormes, mais il faut être fort, être né poète, et je me suis reconnu poète. Ce n'est pas du tout ma faute. C'est faux de dire : Je pense : on devrait dire : On me pense. − Pardon du jeu de mots. − Je est un autre. Tant pis pour le bois qui se trouve violon, et nargue aux inconscients, qui ergotent sur ce qu'ils ignorent tout à fait ! Translated:
  - I wish to be a poet, and I am working to make myself into a seer: you will not understand at all, and I would not nearly know how to explain it to you. It's a question of coming to the unknown through the disordering of all the senses. The suffering is enormous, but one must be strong, be born a poet, and I have come to terms with my destiny as a poet. It's not at all my fault. It's wrong to say "I think"; one ought to say "I am being thought"  - Forgive the play on words - I is another. Too bad for the wood which finds itself a violin, and brush off the oblivious, who quibble over things they know nothing about!

text:
# Georges Izambard

**Georges Alphonse Fleury Izambard** (French pronunciation: \[ʒɔʁʒ alfɔ̃s flœʁi izɑ̃baʁ\]; 11 December 1848 in Paris  February 1931) was a French school teacher, best known as the teacher and benefactor of poet Arthur Rimbaud. He taught at the Collège de Charleville in Charleville, where his nickname was "Zanzibar".

On 4 May 1870, Rimbaud's mother wrote to Izambard to complain about him giving Rimbaud Victor Hugo's *Les Misérables* to read. In May 1871, Rimbaud sent an important letter to Izambard. In this letter, (which includes the poem "Le Cœur supplicié"), he affirms that he wants to be a poet, and that he is working to become a "voyant":

*Je veux être poète, et je travaille à me rendre voyant : vous ne comprendrez pas du tout, et je ne saurais presque vous expliquer. Il s'agit d'arriver à l'inconnu par le dérèglement de tous les sens. Les souffrances sont énormes, mais il faut être fort, être né poète, et je me suis reconnu poète. Ce n'est pas du tout ma faute. C'est faux de dire : Je pense : on devrait dire : On me pense. − Pardon du jeu de mots. − Je est un autre. Tant pis pour le bois qui se trouve violon, et nargue aux inconscients, qui ergotent sur ce qu'ils ignorent tout à fait !*

Translated:

I wish to be a poet, and I am working to make myself into a seer: you will not understand at all, and I would not nearly know how to explain it to you. It's a question of coming to the unknown through the disordering of all the senses. The suffering is enormous, but one must be strong, be born a poet, and I have come to terms with my destiny as a poet. It's not at all my fault. It's wrong to say "I think"; one ought to say "I am being thought" - Forgive the play on words - I is another. Too bad for the wood which finds itself a violin, and brush off the oblivious, who quibble over things they know nothing about!

## Published works

* Izambard, Georges (2010), *Rimbaud Tel Que Je l Ai Connu* (in French), Rennes: Éditions La Part Commune, ISBN 978-2844281388

### Notes

### Sources