title: Maurito Lim

abstract: Maurito Lim, also known as Chairman Mau,, a Filipino journalist for the DYRD-AM radio station in Tagbilaran, Bohol Providence, Philippines, was killed outside of his radio station. According to officials, Lim has been known for criticizing local officials allegedly involved in the illegal drug trade which could be the cause of his death.

text:
# Maurito Lim

**Maurito Lim**, also known as **Chairman Mau**, (c. 1944 – February 14, 2015), a Filipino journalist for the DYRD-AM radio station in Tagbilaran, Bohol Providence, Philippines, was killed outside of his radio station. According to officials, Lim has been known for criticizing local officials allegedly involved in the illegal drug trade which could be the cause of his death.

## Personal

At one point in his life, Maurito Lim used to work as an engineer for National Power Corporation but then switched jobs to teach at the University of Bohol. He and his wife Nunilone Lim were married for 44 years and had two daughters.

## Career

He first started broadcasting in the 1970s when he hosted a program called "Kuya Rito." Kuya Rito was a public service program that aired on the radio station DYTR-AM, which is also in Bohol. He stopped doing the program in the 1980s when he decided to focus on his teaching career. In 2000, Lim bought airtime every Sunday from between 8 p.m. to 9 p.m. for another program, called "Harana," which was broadcast on the radio station DYRD-AM. About 10 years later, Lim started another program, called "Chairman Mao on Board."

Lim, also bought a daily 30-minute segment on his radio station at dyRD called “Lactopafi,” in which he advertised his health supplement that he sold outside of his radio and journalism career.

## Death

ManilaTagbilaran Cityclass=notpageimage|Tagbilaran City is located within Philippines relative to the capital Manila.

On Valentine's Day, Saturday, February 14, 2015, Lim arrived for his 11:00 a.m. program. His body was found outside of his Isuzu Crosswind SUV with gun shot wound from a .45 caliber pistol round in the head outside DYRD radio station on B. Inting Street in Tagbilaran City. At 10:45 a.m., a gunman, who could not be identified because his face was covered by a ball cap, rode a motorcycle with a license plate that was also unable to be read by security footage, shot Lim as we was getting out of his car outside of the radio station dyRD. He was hit on the left jaw with the bullet exiting his right ear. He was then rushed to the Governor Celestino Gallares Memorial Hospital right across the street from the radio station only to be pronounced dead at 1:15 p.m. Lim's wife said she was not aware if there were any treats against Lim. According to her, Lim has stayed neutral on his station about his topic on illegal drug trade.

### Investigation

The National Union of Journalists of the Philippines told the government that they need to act quickly in this investigation in finding Lim's killer. Both the NUJP and Senator Aquilino Pimentel III condemned the murder of Lim. The NUJP called for police to act on the killings that have happened within a short period of time and put effort towards finding, and arresting the killers. Senator Pimentel called for the Senate to conduct hearings on the violence against journalists. The police force created the Task Force Mao to investigate Lim's murder and signs of his death pointed out that the gunman was a "professional hitman". They found a circuit television camera (CCTV) that was installed nearby the radio station. Until the number reaches zero, the President's administration said it would push to stop the attacks that happen to members of the press.

According to reports from two newspaper weeklies, police identified Jovane Celocia Orenia, who was arrested in a drug bust on March 5, 2015, as a possible suspect in the killing of Lim. The evidence later revealed against the suspect was a matching .45 pistol and the identification of a witness. Police suspect the motive behind Lim's murder was a land deal in which he was involved. The initial release of the information about the suspect by the two newspapers had not yet been approved by the police. The suspect had been under surveillance for two weeks prior to the drug bust.

## Context

Lim was known for his strong observations against politicians. In Lim's radio segment, “Chairman Mao”, he brought up a topic for discussion about the involvement of some politicians in illegal drugs and had been known for criticizing local officials supposedly involved in the trade.

## Impact

Lim was the second journalist to be killed in Bohol in the last 6 years, the 34th journalist to be killed since President Benigno Aquino III and the 172nd killing of a journalist since 1986.

## Reactions

Irina Bokova, director-general of UNESCO, said, "I condemn the murder of Maurito Lim. This crime needs to be thoroughly investigated for its perpetrators to be brought to justice. Impunity for such crimes increases the vulnerability of all journalists and encourages self-censorship. The authorities must provide the media with as safe an environment as possible to ensure the public’s right to be kept informed."

The International Federation of Journalists and National Union of Journalists of the Philippines asked the government to take action right away in finding the gunman who shot and killed Lim. Jane Worthington, acting director, from the IFJ-Asia Pacific said, "The killing of Lim is a despicable and cowardly act of the highest order." And a statement from the National Union of Journalists of the Philippines said, "We have run out of words of condemnation in the face of the murder of yet another colleague." The IFJ and NUJP both expressed outrage at the neglect of safety and security issues in the Philippines. Mike Dobbie, a delegate of IFJ missions said, “We need determined efforts by law enforcement agencies to seek out not only the gunmen responsible, but also those who ordered this outrage and who employed the shooter. The judicial system must move to a swift resolution. To do less than these measures is to allow impunity to continue and flourish."

His wife said, "He was very friendly. I had never heard someone get angry at him. I am still in shock over what happened. I am calling on the authorities to solve the killing of my husband."

## InfoBox

| Maurito Lim | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | c. 1944
Philippines |
| Died | February 14, 2015
Tagbilaran City, Bohol Providence |
| Cause of death | Gun shot |
| Nationality | Filipino |
| Other names | Chairman Mau |
| Occupation | Journalist |
| Years active | 45 years |
| Organization | dyRD Radio |
| Known for | Broadcaster for "Chairman Mao on Board" |
| Spouse | Nunilone Lim |
| Family | 2 daughters |


title: Maulden Church Meadow

abstract: Maulden Church Meadow is a 4.1-hectare (10-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Maulden in Bedfordshire. It was notified in 1987 under section 28 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, and the local planning authority is Central Bedfordshire Council. Most of it is also a Local Nature Reserve, owned and managed by Central Bedfordshire Council. The site is unimproved pasture on the Lower Greensand Ridge. It is a scarce environment due to modern agricultural methods. Most of it is neutral grassland with many grass and herb species, and there are small areas of acidic grassland. An open pond has aquatic plants, while two ponds which have been filled in have a varied marsh vegetation. Hedges and trees provide shelter for butterflies and dragonflies. There are many anthills produced by yellow meadow ants. There is access from the end of Church Lane.

text:
# Maulden Church Meadow

**Maulden Church Meadow** is a 4.1-hectare (10-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest in Maulden in Bedfordshire. It was notified in 1987 under section 28 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, and the local planning authority is Central Bedfordshire Council. Most of it (3.3 hectares) is also a Local Nature Reserve, owned and managed by Central Bedfordshire Council.

The site is unimproved pasture on the Lower Greensand Ridge. It is a scarce environment due to modern agricultural methods. Most of it is neutral grassland with many grass and herb species, and there are small areas of acidic grassland. An open pond has aquatic plants, while two ponds which have been filled in have a varied marsh vegetation. Hedges and trees provide shelter for butterflies and dragonflies. There are many anthills produced by yellow meadow ants.

There is access from the end of Church Lane.

52°01′52″N 0°27′29″W / 52.031°N 0.458°W / 52.031; -0.458

## InfoBox

Maulden Church Meadow
| Site of Special Scientific Interest | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Bedfordshire |
| Grid reference | TL059382 |
| Interest | Biological |
| Area | 4.1 hectares |
| Notification | 1987 |
| Location map | *Magic Map* |


title: Maulden Wood

abstract: Maulden Wood is a woodland situated in Bedfordshire, England, near the village of Maulden, on the greensand ridge that stretches from Leighton Buzzard to Gamlingay. It includes Maulden Wood and Pennyfather's Hill, a 148.8 hectare, biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).

text:
# Maulden Wood

**Maulden Wood** is a woodland situated in Bedfordshire, England, near the village of Maulden, on the greensand ridge that stretches from Leighton Buzzard to Gamlingay. It includes **Maulden Wood and Pennyfather's Hill**, a 148.8 hectare, biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).

## Overview

Maulden Wood is classed as a semi-natural broadleaf woodland, on acidic grassland and includes some conifer plantations. Paths through the lead can be reached from Maulden Church, through Church Field, and from the A6 road layby through the wood. There are grasslands in the centre of the wood. They are managed by the Greensand Trust and Forestry England.

## Scientific interest

Much of Maulden Wood is designated as an (SSSI) for the acidic grassland and heathland interest, and wildlife includes badger sets, foxes, and barn owls. The site is important for invertebrates and plants which are indicative of the varied clay and sandy gravel soil. One notable invertebrate is limax cinereoniger, a mollusc that is also indicative of unmanaged ancient woodlands. The rare Wild Service Tree Sorbus torminalis also grows in the drier places deep in the wood.

The northern end of the wood is also an SSSI because of its importance as one of Bedfordshire's largest remnants of ancient woodland in addition to the nearby King's Wood. Maulden wood is green most of the year round due to the large percentage of pine and other evergreen trees. Hedgerows around the perimeter contain bindweed, sticky willy, honeysuckle, and trumpet flowers (Bindweed). Snowdrops and cowslips grow prolifically in the early spring. In the mid to late spring, bluebells can be found in the middle of the wood and on the waysides. The southern end of the wood is sometimes called Pennyfather's wood. It is situated on greensand, whereas the rest of Maulden Wood is situated on a cap of glacial boulder clay.

There also some rare species of sawfly (Symphyta, Pamphilius sylvarum and Caliroa cinxia, which feed on the resident oak (Quercus) trees. Another sawfly, Pamphilius gyllenhali, has been recorded in the wood, which feeds on willow Salix alba. There are also notable species from several major invertebrate groups including the beetles, dragonflies and butterflies.

## History

The north of Maulden Wood includes several Roman and Iron Age archaeological sites along Limbersey Lane and on the site of Limbersey Farm. There are also sites within the wood of medieval origin, especially on the north end of the wood, and on the west (Maulden) end of the wood.

The north end of the lay by on the A6 is the site of the 1961 A6 murder.

## Access

Maulden Wood is open to the public all year round. It is accessed from the Deadman's Hill layby on the A6 adjacent to the wood. and from Maulden Church Meadow.

52°02′19″N 0°26′38″W / 52.03861°N 0.44389°W / 52.03861; -0.44389

## InfoBox

Maulden Wood and Pennyfather's Hill
| Site of Special Scientific Interest | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Bedfordshire |
| Grid reference | TL170390 |
| Interest | Biological |
| Area | 148.8 hectares |
| Notification | 1986 |
| Location map | *Magic Map* |


title: Maunga Emery

abstract: Hone Komanga "Maunga" Emery was a New Zealand rugby footballer who represented New Zealand in rugby league and the New Zealand Māori in rugby union.

text:
# Maunga Emery

**Hone Komanga** "**Maunga**" **Emery** (2 April 1933 – 1 September 2011) was a New Zealand rugby footballer who represented New Zealand in rugby league and the New Zealand Māori in rugby union.

## Rugby union career

Emery represented Auckland between 1954 and 1959 and played for New Zealand Māori from 1954 to 1958. Between 1952 and 1957 he also played for the Combined Services side.

## Rugby league career

Emery played for the Glenora Bears in the Auckland Rugby League competition. He made his New Zealand national rugby league team debut in 1961 against Australia. That same year Emery was also part of the Auckland side that defeated Australia for the first time.

Emery played for Auckland between 1961 and 1966 and New Zealand Māori in 1962 and 1967.

He finished his career having played 23 Test matches for New Zealand.

## Family

Emery is the grandfather of New Zealand rugby league international Stacey Jones. His Great Great grand nephew, Jason Emery, made the New Zealand Schools rugby union team in 2010.(this article incorrectly calls him Jason's great grand father)

Emery died on 1 September 2011 at Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, aged 79.

## InfoBox

Maunga Emery
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Hone Komanga Emery |
| Born | (1933-04-02)2 April 1933
New Zealand |
| Died | 1 September 2011(2011-09-01) (aged 78)
Ōtāhuhu, New Zealand |
| Playing information | |
| Rugby union | |
| Representative  Years Team Pld T G FG P  1952–1957 Combined Services       1954–1959 Auckland       1954–1958 New Zealand Māori | |
| Rugby league | |
| Position | Prop |
| Club  Years Team Pld T G FG P  Glenora Bears       Representative  Years Team Pld T G FG P  1961–1967 Auckland       1961–66 New Zealand 23 3 0 0 9  1962–67 New Zealand Māori | |
| Source: | |


title: Vito D'Ancona

abstract: Vito D'Ancona was an Italian painter of the Macchiaioli group. He was born in Pesaro to a wealthy Jewish family. He began his artistic training in Florence, and in 1844 was admitted to the Accademia di Belle Arti, where he studied under Giuseppe Bezzuoli. He became friends with Serafino De Tivoli, and joined him in painting landscapes en plein air. In 1848 he fought as a Tuscan volunteer for Garibaldi in the Risorgimento. During the 1850s he became acquainted with the artists who frequented the Caffè Michelangiolo in Florence, who would soon be known as the Macchiaioli. D'Ancona achieved success as a portrait painter, and few of his landscape paintings can be traced today. His Woman at the Races reveals the influence of Japonisme he had absorbed while living in Paris between 1867 and 1874. Suffering from the effects of syphilis, D'Ancona's health disintegrated in the mid-1870s, and he ceased painting in 1878. He died in Florence on January 9, 1884. Collections holding works by Vito D'Ancona include the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna, Rome, and the Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

text:
# Vito D'Ancona

**Vito D'Ancona** (August 12, 1825  January 9, 1884) was an Italian painter of the Macchiaioli group.

He was born in Pesaro to a wealthy Jewish family. He began his artistic training in Florence, and in 1844 was admitted to the Accademia di Belle Arti, where he studied under Giuseppe Bezzuoli. He became friends with Serafino De Tivoli, and joined him in painting landscapes *en plein air*. In 1848 he fought as a Tuscan volunteer for Garibaldi in the Risorgimento. During the 1850s he became acquainted with the artists who frequented the Caffè Michelangiolo in Florence, who would soon be known as the Macchiaioli.

D'Ancona achieved success as a portrait painter, and few of his landscape paintings can be traced today. His *Woman at the Races* (ca. 1873) reveals the influence of Japonisme he had absorbed while living in Paris between 1867 and 1874. Suffering from the effects of syphilis, D'Ancona's health disintegrated in the mid-1870s, and he ceased painting in 1878. He died in Florence on January 9, 1884.

Collections holding works by Vito D'Ancona include the Galleria Nazionale d'Arte Moderna, Rome, and the Israel Museum, Jerusalem.

* Broude, Norma (1987). *The Macchiaioli: Italian Painters of the Nineteenth Century*. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-03547-0
* Mann, Vivian B., Mazal Holocaust Collection., & Jewish Museum (New York, N.Y.). (1989). *Gardens and Ghettos: The Art of Jewish Life in Italy*. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 0520068246
* Steingräber, E., & Matteucci, G. (1984). *The Macchiaioli: Tuscan Painters of the Sunlight : March 14-April 20, 1984*. New York: Stair Sainty Matthiesen in association with Matthiesen, London. OCLC 70337478

## Further reading

* Panconi, T., Gavioli, V., & Marini, F. (2001). *Vito D'Ancona: La pittura storica*. Montecatini (Pistoia): MediArte. OCLC 49805450


title: Maurice Beauchamp

abstract: Maurice Beauchamp is a retired politician in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He served on the Montreal city council from 1994 to 2005, representing Saint-Sulpice as a member of Vision Montreal.

text:
# Maurice Beauchamp

**Maurice Beauchamp** is a retired politician in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. He served on the Montreal city council from 1994 to 2005, representing Saint-Sulpice as a member of Vision Montreal.

## Early career

Beauchamp is a horticulturalist. He was an employee of the Montreal Botanical Garden for three decades and in this capacity worked closely with its director, Pierre Bourque, who was subsequently the founder of Vision Montreal.

## City councillor

Bourque administration

Beauchamp was first elected to Montreal city council in the 1994 municipal election, defeating incumbent Michael Benoit in Saint-Sulpice. Vision Montreal won a council majority in this election under Bourque's leadership, and, when the new council met in November 1994, Bourque appointed Beauchamp to a six-month term as deputy mayor. In February 1997, he appointed Beauchamp as president of the city's administration and services committee.

Vision Montreal won a second consecutive council majority in the 1998 municipal election. Beauchamp, who was re-elected in Saint-Sulpice, was appointed as an associate member of the Montreal executive committee in November 1998. He was also named as municipal ombudsman, a position that Bourque had established in 1994. Beauchamp's 1998 ombudsman's report requested that the office have an independent budget and be formally recognized in Montreal's city charter.

Tremblay administration

Beauchamp was elected to a third term in 2001, as Gérald Tremblay's Montreal Island Citizens Union (MICU) won a majority on council. Beauchamp stood down as ombudsman and served for the next four years as a member of the opposition. By virtue of his position on city council, he also served on the Ahuntsic-Cartierville borough council.

As a member of city's transport committee, Beauchamp called for a smoking ban in city taxis in 2003.

Beauchamp ran for borough mayor of Ahuntsic-Cartierville in the 2005 election and was defeated by MICU candidate Marie-Andrée Beaudoin. A newspaper report from the campaign identified him as seventy-three years old.

## Electoral record

| 2005 Montreal municipal election: Mayor, Borough of Ahuntsic–Cartierville | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Montreal Island Citizens Union | | Marie-Andrée Beaudoin | 16,411 | 49.59 |
| Vision Montreal | | Maurice Beauchamp | 12,789 | 38.65 |
| Projet Montréal | | Yves Laporte | 3,891 | 11.76 |
| Total valid votes | | | 33,091 | 100 |
| *Source: City of Montreal official results (in French), City of Montreal.* | | | | |

| 2001 Montreal municipal election: Councillor, Saint-Sulpice | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Vision Montreal | | (x)Maurice Beauchamp | 6,064 | 67.56 |
| Montreal Island Citizens Union | | Salvatore Rubbo | 2,912 | 32.44 |
| Total valid votes | | | 8,976 | 100 |
| *Source: Election results, 1833-2005 (in French), City of Montreal.* | | | | |

| 1998 Montreal municipal election: Councillor, Saint-Sulpice | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Vision Montreal | | (x)Maurice Beauchamp | 2,686 | 39.20 |
| New Montreal | | Jean Des Trois Maisons | 2,039 | 29.76 |
| Team Montreal | | France Hubert | 1,193 | 17.41 |
| Montreal Citizens' Movement | | André-Pierre Duchamp | 863 | 12.59 |
| Montreal 2000 | | Frédéric La Brie | 71 | 1.04 |
| Total valid votes | | | 6,852 | 100.00 |
| *Source: Official Results, City of Montreal.* | | | | |

| 1994 Montreal municipal election: Councillor, Saint-Sulpice | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % |
| Vision Montreal | | Maurice Beauchamp | 2,602 | 39.26 |
| Independent | | (x)Michel Benoit | 2,125 | 32.06 |
| Montreal Citizens' Movement | | Daniel Ducharme | 1,540 | 23.23 |
| Montrealers' Party | | Karine Hénault | 263 | 3.97 |
| Democratic Coalition–Ecology Montreal | | Max de Carrier | 98 | 1.48 |
| Total valid votes | | | 6,628 | 100 |
| *Source: Official results, City of Montreal.* | | | | |

1. "Water garden, fountains, pools will highlight Longueuil fair," *Montreal Gazette*, 21 March 1991, G5.
2. Stuart Robertson, "So close! We nearly lost the Botanical Garden," *Montreal Gazette*, 23 January 1992, C1.
3. Katherine Wilton, "Residents choose new Vision at city hall," *Montreal Gazette*, 7 November 1994, A3.
4. Michelle Lalonde, "Novice heads top city committee; Bourque picks Noushig Eloyan," *Montreal Gazette*, 18 November 1994, A1.
5. "Bourque rewards loyal councillors with added duties, responsibilities," *Montreal Gazette*, 6 February 1997, F8.
6. Aaron Derfel, "Mayor taps Fortier as chairman: Executive committee is experienced," *Montreal Gazette*, 13 November 1998, A3.
7. The office's budget was overseen by the executive committee. See Michael Mainville, "Report slams city hall rudeness," *Montreal Gazette*, 21 October 1999, A1; Michael Mainville, "Red tape often ties up valid complaints: official," *Montreal Gazette*, 28 September 2000, A5; Darren Becker, "Disgruntled suburbanites seek Montreal ombudsman's help," *Montreal Gazette*, 20 June 2001, A3.
8. Linda Gyulai, "No more smoking in Taxis, city urges: Seeking ban. Second-hand smoke a concern: councillor," *Montreal Gazette*, 25 July 2003, A6.
9. Irwin Block, "Candidates in three-way race tackle traffic, potholes and funding," *Montreal Gazette*, 26 October 2005, A6. This article wrongly identifies Beauchamp as the incumbent borough mayor.


title: Mauricio Estívariz

abstract: Mauricio Estívariz is a Bolivian former professional tennis player. Estívariz, who had a best singles world ranking of 653, was a regular member of the Bolivia Davis Cup team between 2004 and 2010, winning 18 of his 31 rubbers. He was also a Bolivarian Games gold medalist for Bolivia. In 2011, as his tennis career was winding down, he trialled for La Paz FC as a goalkeeper. Estívariz served as non-playing captain of Bolivia in the 2018 Davis Cup.

text:
# Mauricio Estívariz

**Mauricio Estívariz** (born 9 September 1986) is a Bolivian former professional tennis player.

Estívariz, who had a best singles world ranking of 653, was a regular member of the Bolivia Davis Cup team between 2004 and 2010, winning 18 of his 31 rubbers. He was also a Bolivarian Games gold medalist for Bolivia.

In 2011, as his tennis career was winding down, he trialled for La Paz FC as a goalkeeper.

Estívariz served as non-playing captain of Bolivia in the 2018 Davis Cup.

## ITF Futures finals

### Singles: 2 (0–2)

| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Surface | Opponent | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Loss | 0–1 | Jul 2009 | Romania F11, Oradea | Clay | György Balázs | 3–6, 0–6 |
| Loss | 0–2 | Oct 2010 | Bolivia F3, Cochabamba | Clay | Diego Schwartzman | 4–6, 5–7 |

### Doubles: 7 (3–4)

| Result | W–L | Date | Tournament | Surface | Partner | Opponents | Score |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Loss | 0–1 | Aug 2007 | Peru F2, Lima | Clay | Mauricio Doria-Medina | Mauricio Echazú
Matías Silva | 4–6, 3–6 |
| Loss | 0–2 | Sep 2007 | Bolivia F2, Cochabamba | Clay | Mauricio Doria-Medina | Facundo Bagnis
Agustín Picco | 3–6, 3–6 |
| Win | 1–2 | Oct 2008 | Bolivia F4, Tarija | Clay | Jose-Roberto Velasco | Mauricio Doria-Medina
Mait Künnap | 6–0, 6–3 |
| Win | 2–2 | Sep 2009 | Bolivia F3, La Paz | Clay | Federico Zeballos | Mauricio Doria-Medina
Agustín Picco | 6–4, 3–6, \[10–7\] |
| Loss | 2–3 | Sep 2009 | Bolivia F4, Tarija | Clay | Federico Zeballos | Facundo Bagnis
Guillermo Carry | 2–6, 2–6 |
| Win | 3–3 | Oct 2010 | Bolivia F3, Cochabamba | Clay | Mauricio Doria-Medina | Mauricio Echazú
Sergio Galdós | 6–4, 6–4 |
| Loss | 3–4 | Oct 2012 | Bolivia F4, La Paz | Clay | Federico Zeballos | Christopher Díaz Figueroa
Sebastian Serrano | 5–7, 5–7 |

## InfoBox

Mauricio Estívariz
| Country (sports) | Bolivia |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1986-09-09) 9 September 1986 |
| Prize money | $19,444 |
| Singles | |
| Career record | 10–9 (Davis Cup) |
| Highest ranking | No. 653 (14 Sep 2009) |
| Doubles | |
| Career record | 8–4 (Davis Cup) |
| Highest ranking | No. 596 (5 May 2009) |


title: Viver

abstract: Viver is a town in the Castellón province of Valencian Community, Spain. It is in the comarca (region) of Alto Palancia.

text:
# Viver

**Viver** is a town in the Castellón province of Valencian Community, Spain. It is in the comarca (region) of Alto Palancia.

## Geography

The municipality has an area of 49.9 square kilometres (19.3 sq mi). It is crossed by the river Palancia, and an area in the south is part of the Calderona mountain range. However, no part of the municipality is in the Sierra Calderona National Park.

The town centre is located at a height of 559 metres (1,834 ft), on a rocky promontory along the San Roque Mountain. The population has settled in the opposite direction, staggered along the slope of the hill.

### Districts and pedanías

In the municipality of Viver, there are four population centres:

* Viver
* Masías de Ragudo
* Masías de Parrela
* Masías del Cristo
* Masías del Rio

### Bordering localities

Surrounding Viver are: Teresa, Torás, Barracas, Pina de Montalgrao, Benafer, Jérica, all localities in the province of Castellón.

## History

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1900 | 2,479 |  |
| 1910 | 2,742 | +10.6% |
| 1920 | 2,497 | −8.9% |
| 1930 | 1,949 | −21.9% |
| 1940 | 2,071 | +6.3% |
| 1950 | 3,005 | +45.1% |
| 1960 | 2,248 | −25.2% |
| 1970 | 2,056 | −8.5% |
| 1981 | 1,683 | −18.1% |
| 1991 | 1,205 | −28.4% |
| 2000 | 1,297 | +7.6% |
| 2006 | 1,511 | +16.5% |
| 2007 | 1,611 | +6.6% |
|  | | |

There is evidence of human settlements during the paleolithic period in the cave of *El Sargal*.

The first historical data documented for Viver is that the Roman Marco Poncio Catón founded this locality, with the name of *Belsino*, in 193 BC. Later, he changed the name to *Vivarium*, from which the present name was derived.

Around 1237–1239, King Jaime I conquered Viver from the Arabs. On 24 April 1244, the King granted to the population the title of *"Real Villa"* (royal estate), and 12 April 1367 the Puebla Letter is granted to him by Juan Alonso, Sire of Jérica.

Later, this villa was given back to the King and finally sold to the Duke of Calabria, Virrey of Valencia, in 1537. The Duke died on 26 October 1550, bequeathing his estate to the monastery of San Miguel of Reyes in Valencia,(which was founded by him), and the monks took possession of Viver.

During the Spanish Civil War, Viver underwent serious deterioration. In 1945, the Parochial Church was recovered, and many of the houses were reconstructed.

## Administration

The current mayor is Patricio Gómez Gómez of the Socialist Party of Valencian Country, part of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party. He was elected to office in 2011.

## Economy

Traditionally, the viverense economy has been based mainly in the primary sector, the agricultural, stressing the vine, but as a result of the scourge of phylloxera in the late 19th century, the almond and olive had become more important. Destacable is the production of olives of high quality. Lately, rural tourism has been growing, through the construction of several farmhouses.

## Transport

The simplest access route by road is via the Sagunto to Somport *autopista A-23*. The town is 69 km (43 mi) from Valencia, 70 km (43 mi) from Castellón de la Plana, 40 km (25 mi) from Sagunto, and 70 km from Teruel.

The town can be accessed by rail with a station (Jérica-Viver) at 2 km (1.2 mi). The town is on the *C-5 del núcleo de cercanías de Valencia Valencia-Caudiel* that connects Valencia and Castellón de la Plana.

## Festivals

* *Ride Reyes*. Celebrated January 5. The "Reyes Magos" come in carriages, and there is a parade by the main place. At the end of the ride, every child attending events is given a gift in the hall of the House of Culture.
* *Saint Anthony*. It is held on the Saturday and Sunday following January 17. On Saturday, horse racing is held in the *Natural Place de la Floresta*, and at night, there is a verbena (dance party). On Sunday morning, mass is celebrated in honor of Tong Anton, which blesses animals in the main square and distributes a roll of San Anton to participants. In the evening, there are popular games at the Plaza Vieja.
* *Carnival*. Celebrated the last week of February. Everyone in disguise conducts a parade through the streets of the town. And then there is a verbena or discomóvil. Everyone wearing disguises gains free admission.
* *Fallas*. The following takes place on Thursday, Friday and Saturday to 19 March
* *San Francisco de Paula*. These festivities are held on Friday and Sunday in the second week of Passover. In that bonfire of burning, the Holy Masses and processions are held in honor of San Francisco, and rice is distributed from the traditional Holy vendecido by Cura del pueblo. This rice has been distributed for years, when the monks of the monastery of San Francisco de Paula celebrated the holiday.
* *Feast of the Olive*. It is generally held in June, in the Parque de La Floresta. At this fair, there are more than 50 exhibitors, among these exhibitors are shops of the people and cultural associations of the people. This fair is organized by the Exmo. City Hall and the Olive Cooperativa de Viver, also has a number of sponsors.
* *August Feast* takes place over the month of August. The first week is presented for the queen of the festivities and to her court of honor. The night of August 15 is for *Saint Roque* in which he performs at 00:00, with a verbena (party), and people often spend the night without sleep; at 7:00 in the church square, reeds are split and handkerchiefs and people rise in romeria until Ermita de San Roque; there is a mass in honor of San Roque, and a blessed roll is distributed at the end. The penultimate week of August is celebrated as a one-week taurine.
* *Festivities* are held between September and October, in honor of St. Michael the Archangel and the Virgin de Gracia.

* Media related to Viver at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Viver | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Skyline of Viver | |
|  | |
| ViverLocation of Viver within Spain | |
| Coordinates: 39°55′15″N 0°35′43″W / 39.92083°N 0.59528°W / 39.92083; -0.59528 | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous
community | Valencian Community |
| Founded | 193 BC |
| Government | |
| Type | Mayor-council |
| Body | Ayuntamiento de Viver |
| Mayor | María Nieves Simón Campos (PSOE) |
| Area | |
| Total | 44.9 km2 (17.3 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 559 m (1,834 ft) |
| Population (2018) | |
| Total | 1,538 |
| Density | 34/km2 (89/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Viverense
*viverense* (es) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 12460 |
| Area code | +34 (ES) + 964 (CS) |
| Patron Saints | Francis of Paola
Michael (archangel) |
| Website | www.viver.es |


title: Void (composites)

abstract: A void or a pore is three-dimensional region that remains unfilled with polymer and fibers in a composite material. Voids are typically the result of poor manufacturing of the material and are generally deemed undesirable. Voids can affect the mechanical properties and lifespan of the composite. They degrade mainly the matrix-dominated properties such as interlaminar shear strength, longitudinal compressive strength, and transverse tensile strength. Voids can act as crack initiation sites as well as allow moisture to penetrate the composite and contribute to the anisotropy of the composite. For aerospace applications, a void content of approximately 1% is still acceptable, while for less sensitive applications, the allowance limit is 3-5%. Although a small increase in void content may not seem to cause significant issues, a 1-3% increase in void content of carbon fiber reinforced composite can reduce the mechanical properties by up to 20%

text:
# Void (composites)

A **void** or a **pore** is three-dimensional region that remains unfilled with polymer and fibers in a composite material. Voids are typically the result of poor manufacturing of the material and are generally deemed undesirable. Voids can affect the mechanical properties and lifespan of the composite. They degrade mainly the matrix-dominated properties such as interlaminar shear strength, longitudinal compressive strength, and transverse tensile strength. Voids can act as crack initiation sites as well as allow moisture to penetrate the composite and contribute to the anisotropy of the composite. For aerospace applications, a void content of approximately 1% is still acceptable, while for less sensitive applications, the allowance limit is 3-5%. Although a small increase in void content may not seem to cause significant issues, a 1-3% increase in void content of carbon fiber reinforced composite can reduce the mechanical properties by up to 20%

## Quantification

Void content in composites is represented as a ratio, also called *void ratio*, where the volume of voids, solid material, and bulk volume are taken into account. Void ratio can be calculated by the formula below where e is the void ratio of the composite, Vv is the volume of the voids, and Vt is the volume of the bulk material.

$$\text{Void Ratio}(e)={\frac {V\_{v}{V\_{t}-V\_{v}}}}$$

## Formation

Voids are considered defects in composite structures and there are several types of voids that can form in composites depending on the fabrication route and matrix type. Among other factors that can influence the quantity and location of voids are pre-preg impregnation, surface morphology, curing parameters, compaction pressure, fiber bridging, excessive resin bleed, and the thickness of layup .

A resin with a high viscosity will likely produce voids in a composite. It is difficult for a resin or matrix with a high viscosity to penetrate the original void spaces between adjacent fibers. This will cause voids to form close the fiber surface. Preventing these voids becomes a more daunting task when the fibers are packed tightly together in a composite

A high void proportion can be obtained in a composite due to errors in processing as well. If the temperature used for curing is too low for the particular matrix used, complete degassing might not occur. However, if the temperature used for curing is too high for a particular matrix, gelation might occur too rapidly and voids may still be present . For example, if a laminate composite is cured at a temperature that is too low for the particular matrix used, the resin viscosity could remain high and hinder removing the void spaces between individual plies Some resins can cure at room temperature while other resins require temperatures up to 200 °C, but curing above or below the required temperature for a particular matrix can increase the amount of voids present in a composite. If the injection pressure in a resin injection pultrusion process is not high enough, the resin or matrix might not be able to penetrate the fiber bed to completely wet out the fibers without voids. Entrapped air or bubbles can be formed in the resin during resin mixing or as a result of mechanical gas entrapment by dual scale fingering in fibrous reinforcements. If these bubbles are not removed before the wetting of the fibers or curing of the composite, the bubbles could become voids that can be found throughout the final composite structure.

## Reduction

Because voids are viewed as defects in composite materials, many methods are applied for reducing voids in composites. Traditionally, using vacuum bagging system and autoclave under pressure and heat will minimize or prevent voids from forming.

The vacuum bagging system combined with autoclave is a common method used in industrial processes to achieve a low void content for thermoset composites. Vacuum evacuation is the way reducing exciting amount of voids by physically transporting the voids out of the resin and fiber network through vacuum lines, and it is influenced by the viscosity of resin. Autoclave pressure is used to assist vacuum in removing trapped air and excess resin while at the same time preventing volatiles from coming out of the resin at high temperatures.

Optimization of injection flow rate is often calculated to minimize voids in Resin Transfer Molded (RTM) or Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) composites. During the injection phase, a liquid resin impregnates the fibers before curing and solidification, often creating voids in the part during the injection. Through an algorithm between fluid flow velocity (v) and the percentages of macro-voids (V1) and micro-voids (V2)

$$V\_{1}=-32.28-11.8\cdot \log(v)$$

$$V\_{2}=6.35+2.35\cdot \log(v)$$

an optimized rate can be obtained and the voids in RTM and VARI composites can be reduced, thus improving properties of the composite.


title: Vlad Botoș

abstract: Vlad Botoș is a Romanian politician currently serving as a Member of the European Parliament for the Save Romania Union (USR).

text:
# Vlad Botoș

**Vlad Botoș** is a Romanian politician currently serving as a Member of the European Parliament for the Save Romania Union (USR).

## InfoBox

| Vlad BotoșMEP | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the European Parliament<br>for Romania | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Nationality | Romanian |
| Political party | Save Romania Union (USR) |
|  | |


title: Vlad Bădălicescu

abstract: Vlad-Cornel Bădălicescu is a Romanian rugby union football player. He plays as a prop for professional SuperLiga club Steaua București. He also plays for Romania's national team, the Oaks, making his international debut at the 2010–12 European Nations Cup in a match against the Os Lobos.

text:
# Vlad Bădălicescu

**Vlad-Cornel Bădălicescu** (born 4 August 1988 in Bucharest) is a Romanian rugby union football player. He plays as a prop for professional SuperLiga club Steaua București. He also plays for Romania's national team, the Oaks, making his international debut at the 2010–12 European Nations Cup in a match against the *Os Lobos*.

## Career

During his career Vlad Bădălicescu also played for Dinamo București, Farul Constanța, Olipmia București, Bucharest Wolves and L'Aquila Rugby.

## InfoBox

Vlad Bădălicescu
| Vlad Bădălicescu training with Steaua in 2017 | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Vlad-Cornel Bădălicescu |
| Date of birth | (1988-08-04) 4 August 1988 |
| Place of birth | Bucharest, Romania |
| Height | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) |
| Weight | 113 kg (17 st 11 lb; 249 lb) |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** Prop  **Current team** Steaua București  Senior career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2010–15 Bucharest Wolves  22  (0)  2013 Dinamo București  3  (0)  2014 Farul Constanța  15  (0)  2015 Olipmia București  7  (0)  2015–16 L'Aquila  16  (0)  2016– Steaua București  16  (10)  Correct as of 15 April 2017  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  2012– Romania  7  (0)  Correct as of 15 April 2017 | |


title: Luna Park Historic District

abstract: Luna Park Historic District is a federally designated national historic district located in the West Side neighborhood of Charleston, Kanawha County, West Virginia. It encompasses 444 contributing buildings in a predominantly residential section of Charleston. The majority of the homes in the district were constructed in the mid to late 1925s and early 1930s and a portion of the district was the location of a local amusement park, Luna Park, from 1912 until 1923. The houses reflect a variety of popular architectural styles including American Foursquare, American Craftsman / Bungalow, Tudor Revival, and Colonial Revival, including Dutch Colonial Revival. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

text:
# Luna Park Historic District

**Luna Park Historic District** is a federally designated national historic district located in the West Side neighborhood of Charleston, Kanawha County, West Virginia. It encompasses 444 contributing buildings in a predominantly residential section of Charleston. The majority of the homes in the district were constructed in the mid to late 1925s and early 1930s and a portion of the district was the location of a local amusement park, Luna Park, from 1912 until 1923. The houses reflect a variety of popular architectural styles including American Foursquare, American Craftsman / Bungalow, Tudor Revival, and Colonial Revival, including Dutch Colonial Revival.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Luna Park Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Roughly bounded by Main St., Glenwood Ave., Delaware Ave., & Kanawha Blvd. W., West Side (Charleston), West Virginia |
| Coordinates | 38°21′41″N 81°39′11″W / 38.36139°N 81.65306°W / 38.36139; -81.65306 |
| Area | 40 acres (16 ha) |
| Built | c.1910 (1910)-1945 |
| Architect | Norman, John C. Norman (300/2/4/6/8 Park Avenye)
H. Rus Warne (180 Grant Street)
others |
| Architectural style | American Foursquare, American Craftsman/Bungalow, Tudor Revival, Colonial Revival, Dutch Colonial Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 12000181 |
| Added to NRHP | April 3, 2012 |


title: Wayside crosses in Romania

abstract: Wayside crosses in Romania are a cultural and religious phenomenon.

text:
# Wayside crosses in Romania

**Wayside crosses in Romania** are a cultural and religious phenomenon.

## Terminology and description

The standard term for the crosses is **troiță** (pl. **troițe**); they are also called **cruci la răscruci** ("crossroads crosses", the northern part of Western Moldavia), **răstigniri** ("crucifixions", Maramureș), **icoane** ("icons", Vâlcea County), **rugi** ("stakes", Ținutul Pădurenilor, Hunedoara County), **cruci** ("crosses", Transylvania and Oltenia), **lemne** ("wood beams", in old documents). **Troiță** is a word of Slavic origin, signifying three joined crosses, associated with the Holy Trinity.

The crosses are a feature of the village landscape, where they were built for divine protection in places thought dangerous. They were meant to preserve the natural order; merely looking at one would confirm the presence of God. The cross is usually made of hardwood, painted on one or both sides. More rarely, they are carved with solar motifs. Some are made of stone or metal. With time and technological advance, simple designs gave way to complex elements.

## Symbolic considerations

The crosses recall a pre-Christian time when people would set up ritual columns or altars in places where the cosmic peace was disturbed by evil spirits, hoping to restore order. Crossroads have also been attracted mystical powers since antiquity; their mythological significance acquired a religious one with the adoption of Christianity, given their cross shape. Columns and poles gave way to crosses, so that the **troiță** represents “an ad hoc synthesis between the ancient and Christian strata”.

According to Romulus Vulcănescu, the **troiță** is "the most primitive extant form of religious sanctuary and sacred popular worship". He defines a sanctuary as a place proclaimed holy and respected as such by the people, out of magical, mythical or religious motives. These objects are found in the village center, at the village entrance and exit, at crossroads, unclean places, hillocks and, generally speaking, where the physical and spiritual worlds merge.

Often, the crosses are surrounded by a shelter, with a door towards the road and windows at the sides. Travelers hit by rainstorms can wait inside. In the past, where the water source was farther away, villagers would leave a pitcher of fresh water for passersby. Shelters are rarer in hay and mountain areas; the crosses there are usually covered by tile roofs. The shelters, which form a sort of chapel, are usually painted on the exterior and interior. Christ Pantocrator or the Trinity is on the ceiling, flanked by the Four Evangelists, angels or prophets. Saints and angels are found lower down, with empty spaces filled by grape leaves, ears of wheat, floral or geometric patterns. The exterior might feature medallions of saints or Biblical scenes. Inscriptions appear painted on the inside or carved into the cross.

The magic associations of water means that crosses are found near streams, bridges and wells, superstition holding that well bottoms can hold evil forces. The **troiță**, pointing heavenward, guards against the dark forces in the depths of the earth. Crosses at village entrances served to guard the locals from plagues and enemies, and were also landmarks. Homeowners would raise crosses in front of their dwellings, seeking spiritual protection. Cemetery **troițe** do not commemorate the dead, instead watching the boundary between living and dead, amplifying the power of the cross symbol. Finally, a **troiță** can be a cenotaph, celebrating war heroes whose bodies have not been found, or other dead buried elsewhere.

## World War I crosses

A particular type of *troiță* proliferated in interwar Greater Romania: that dedicated to the fallen soldiers of World War I, and promoted by the *Cultul Eroilor* memorial society. With the majority of soldiers coming from rural areas, it was considered an appropriate way to commemorate the peasant-soldier hero. In 1921, Gala Galaction wrote of the crosses’ aptness for marking scattered graves “which will never be able to be gathered together”. Another writer likened them to “beings kneeling in prayer”, protecting “this sacred land hallowed by the most precious Romanian blood and bodies”.

The designers sought to integrate the crosses into their surroundings, as was the case with the ones set up in the military cemeteries near Curtea de Argeș Monastery and in Sinaia. By 1931, a number had been erected in small, new military cemeteries. Additionally, as noted in a 1926 article, *troițe* were placed on the battlefields where troops had died. At times, proposed crosses drew objections from local authorities. For example, at Odorhei in 1934, local politicians argued that placing a donated *troiță* in the city center would damage its aesthetics; it was instead relegated to the yard of the Gendarmerie school.

A number of *troițe* were dedicated to historical figures during the period. In 1925, one recalling Michael the Brave was unveiled on the site of the Battle of Șelimbăr near Sibiu; a lavish ceremony was organized by ASTRA and led by Nicolae Bălan. From the following year, another cross marked his grave at Turda. Others so honored include Tudor Vladimirescu (Bucharest), Ilie Măcelar (Sibiu) and Aurel Vlaicu (Bănești, Prahova, near the site of his airplane crash). In 1934, *Cultul Eroilor* donated a concrete cross to *Cercetașii României*, unveiled during their jamboree at Mamaia in the presence of King Carol II. Throughout the 1920s and ‘30s, the society sent oak and concrete crosses to places around Romania, making efforts to include communities that struggled financially. Thus, alongside the standard monument, the *troiță* became an accepted way to honor the war dead.

## Historiography

The **troiță** has been a subject of academic study since the early 20th century. Tudor Pamfile included drawings of the crosses in a 1910 work. Nicolae Iorga considered them as "cheap establishments of believers who lacked the means to show their faith by raising churches"; he added, "at their origins, they were, I believe, something else". They also preoccupied Alexandru Tzigara-Samurcaș (1909, 1928), Grigore Ionescu, Tache Papahagi, and particularly George Oprescu, who called them "curious and impressive expressions of faith" that also satisfied "the remaining pagan superstition" left in the collective consciousness.

It was Vulcănescu who undertook the most thorough research into the phenomenon. His 1947 study **Funcțiunea magică a troiței** remains a standard reference. In 1972, he substantially expanded his findings in **Coloana cerului**. In 2003, Ionel Oprișan published **Troițe Românești. O tipologie**. There, he proposed a classification drawing on Vulcănescu: sacred pre-Christian monuments (heavenly columns and poles), sacred Christian monuments (cross-shaped, icon-bearing and boundary **troițe**. Further research continued into the 21st century, with a particular focus on Mărginimea Sibiului.

Șoarș: wayside crosses at the eastern (left) and western (right) entrances of the village

## List

The following wayside crosses are listed as historic monuments by Romania's Ministry of Culture and Religious Affairs. Nearly all are associated with the Romanian Orthodox faith.

| Location | County | Date | Dedication | Image |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bucium | Alba | 1802 |  |  |
| Gura Izbitei | Alba | 1897 | Andrei Șaguna |  |
| Sartăș | Alba | 20th century |  |  |
| Șibot | Alba | 1899 |  |  |
| Dezna | Arad | 1827 |  |  |
| Dezna | Arad | 1841 |  |  |
| Hălmagiu | Arad | 1934 | World War I dead |  |
| Iosășel | Arad | 1934 | Ioan Buteanu |  |
| Neudorf | Arad | 1841 |  |  |
| Săud | Bihor | early 20th century | World War I dead |  |
| Brașov | Brașov | 1810 | *Junii Brașoveni* (*Bătrâni*) |  |
| Brașov | Brașov | 19th century | *Junii Brașoveni* (*Roșiori*) |  |
| Brașov | Brașov | 1748, repaired 1901 | Ilie Birt (founder) |  |
| Brașov | Brașov | 1887 |  |  |
| Brașov | Brașov | 1762 | Ilie Birt (founder) |  |
| Săcele | Brașov | 18th century |  |  |
| Săcele | Brașov | 19th century |  |  |
| Săcele | Brașov | 1918 |  |  |
| Oțelu Roșu | Caraș-Severin | 19th century |  |  |
| Oțelu Roșu | Caraș-Severin | 1922-1925 | World War I dead |  |
| Beliș | Cluj |  | Peasants shot in autumn 1918 |  |
| Cluj-Napoca | Cluj | 1940 | Albert Szenczi Molnár |  |
| Adânca | Dâmbovița | mid-19th century |  |  |
| Mislea | Dâmbovița | 19th century |  |  |
| Răzvad | Dâmbovița | 19th century |  |  |
| Țuglui | Dolj | 19th century |  |  |
| Câlnic | Gorj | 1916-1919 | World War I dead |  |
| Rasovița | Gorj | 20th century |  |  |
| Almaș-Săliște | Hunedoara | 1942-1945 | Romanian soldiers |  |
| Boiu de Jos | Hunedoara | 1916-1918 | World War I dead |  |
| Buceș | Hunedoara | 1934 |  |  |
| Crișcior | Hunedoara | 1934 | Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan |  |
| Curechiu | Hunedoara | 1934 |  |  |
| Mesteacăn | Hunedoara | 1934 |  |  |
| Mihăileni | Hunedoara | 1934 | Revolt of Horea, Cloșca and Crișan, 1848 Revolution |  |
| Ribița | Hunedoara | 1934 |  |  |
| Berbești | Maramureș | 18th century |  |  |
| Ieud | Maramureș | 1935 |  |  |
| Mireșu Mare | Maramureș | 1940 | World War I dead |  |
| Someș-Uileac | Maramureș | 1946 | World War I and II dead |  |
| Stoiceni | Maramureș | 1938 | World War I dead |  |
| Baia de Aramă | Mehedinți |  |  |  |
| Bâlvănești | Mehedinți |  |  |  |
| Drobeta-Turnu Severin | Mehedinți | 1916-1918 |  |  |
| Godeanu | Mehedinți |  |  |  |
| Marga | Mehedinți |  |  |  |
| Prejna | Mehedinți |  |  |  |
| Strehaia | Mehedinți |  |  |  |
| Șiroca | Mehedinți |  |  |  |
| Dăneasa | Olt |  |  |  |
| Făgețelu | Olt | 19th century |  |  |
| Iancu Jianu | Olt | 19th century |  |  |
| Izvoru | Olt | 19th century |  |  |
| Oboga | Olt |  |  |  |
| Fântânele | Sibiu | 19th century |  |  |
| Rășinari | Sibiu | 1883 |  |  |
| Rod | Sibiu | 1871 |  |  |
| Rod | Sibiu | 1877 |  |  |
| Săliște | Sibiu | 19th century |  |  |
| Sibiel | Sibiu | 1803 |  |  |
| Sibiel | Sibiu | 1814 |  |  |
| Șelimbăr | Sibiu | 1925 | Battle of Șelimbăr and World War I dead |  |
| Tilișca | Sibiu | 19th century |  |  |
| Turnu Roșu | Sibiu | 18th century |  |  |
| Bătinești | Vrancea | 1924 | German World War I dead |  |
| Cârligele | Vrancea | 1933 | World War I dead |  |
| Hăulișca | Vrancea | 1937 | World War I dead |  |
| Poienița | Vrancea | 1936 | World War I dead |  |
| Prisaca | Vrancea | 1941 | Independence War and World War I dead |  |
| Source: |

* Adrian Stoia, “Troițele din Mărginimea Sibiului, cu o privire specială asupra crucii din piatră de la Boița”, in *Studia Universitatis Cibiniensis. Series Historica*, vol. XIV/2017, pp. 45-61
* Radu Totoianu, Călin Anghel, *Troițe și cimitire cu stâlpi funerari de pe Valea și din Munții Sebeșului*. Cluj-Napoca: Editura Mega, 2018, ISBN 978-606-020-033-8
* Valeria Soroștineanu, “Despre troițe și Cultul Eroilor”, in *Astra Sabesiensis*, vol. 6/2020, pp. 161-72


title: Minuscule 925

abstract: Minuscule 925, ε 1450, is a 14th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. It has marginalia. The manuscript has survived in complete condition.

text:
# Minuscule 925

**Minuscule 925** (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), ε 1450 (von Soden), is a 14th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. It has marginalia. The manuscript has survived in complete condition.

## Description

The codex contains the text of the four Gospels, on 413 parchment leaves (size 25 cm by 18.2 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 21-22 lines per page. The leaves of the codex are arranged in octavo. The manuscript is ornamented.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family Kx. Kurt Aland did not place it in any Category. According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual family Kx in Luke 1 and Luke 20. In Luke 10 no profile was made.

## History

According to C. R. Gregory it was written in the 14th century. Currently the manuscript is dated by the INTF to the 14th century. It was written by scribe named Nicephorus. The codex 925 was seen by Gregory at the Dionysiou monastery, in Mount Athos. 412 leaves of the manuscript are housed at the Dionysiou monastery (46 (5)), one leaf with text of Matthew 10:27-36 is housed at the National Library of Russia (Gr. 302) in Saint Petersburg. This leaf was previously cataloged as minuscule 2156.

The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by Gregory (925e). It was not on the Scrivener's list, but it was added to his list by Edward Miller in the 4th edition of A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament.

It is not cited in critical editions of the Greek New Testament (UBS4, NA28).

## Further reading

## InfoBox

Minuscule **925**
| **New Testament manuscript** | |
| --- | --- |
| Text | Gospels |
| Date | 14th century |
| Script | Greek |
| Now at | Dionysiou monastery
National Library of Russia |
| Size | 25 cm by 18.2 cm |
| Type | Byzantine |
| Category | none |
| Note | marginalia |


abstract: The Young China Scholars Poverty Research Network co-sponsored by the Canadian organisations the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) was created to identify and support a new generation of young researchers working on poverty and distribution issues in China.

text:
# Young China Scholars Poverty Research Network

The **Young China Scholars Poverty Research Network** co-sponsored by the Canadian organisations the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the Centre for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) was created to identify and support a new generation of young researchers working on poverty and distribution issues in China.

## Aim

The aim of the Network is to work with young scholars in China to explore new analytical approaches to poverty research and through this process to more fully harness and use existing poverty survey data.

## History

The Network was launched in the summer of 2005 and is coordinated by Li Shi (Beijing Normal University, China) and John Whalley (University of Western Ontario and CIGI, Canada).

## Mentorship

There are fifteen mentors offering advice and instruction to young scholars on their research. All Network members meet annually providing young scholars the opportunity to present their research findings; the Network also organizes a series of seminars held at the Beijing Normal University.

## Projects

Currently, the network offers financial support to thirteen young Chinese researchers whose project work is guided by senior network members. All papers are cited and are free to download (through the Creative Commons license).

Each of the young scholars presents initial proposals for their research to a network meeting, and each receives comment, feedback and—subsequently—mentoring for the further development of their work. They are given opportunities to interact with established scholars of completed work at feature presentations as well as policy debriefings and research direction discussions.

The network is built around an organizing committee that involves both senior and junior participant researchers from key institutions in China and outside non Chinese researchers. The last network meeting was held in spring 2008. CIGI encourages paper submissions.


title: Geophilus cayugae

abstract: Geophilus cayugae is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae found in New York, Virginia, and North Carolina. It grows up to 68 millimeters in length, though it averages 25–40, has 57–65 leg pairs in males and 63–67 in females, and is bright whitish yellow in color. G. cayugae can be identified by its well-developed paxilli, weakly consolidated sacculi, and concealed prebasal plate combined with lack of consolidated prebasal areas. It's found beneath rocks and other debris in high elevation montane regions.

text:
# Geophilus cayugae

***Geophilus cayugae*** is a species of soil centipede in the family Geophilidae found in New York, Virginia, and North Carolina. It grows up to 68 millimeters in length, though it averages 25–40, has 57–65 leg pairs in males and 63–67 in females, and is bright whitish yellow in color. *G. cayugae* can be identified by its well-developed paxilli, weakly consolidated sacculi, and concealed prebasal plate combined with lack of consolidated prebasal areas. It's found beneath rocks and other debris in high elevation montane regions (above 3500 ft. in Virginia).

## InfoBox

| *Geophilus cayugae* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Myriapoda |
| Class: | Chilopoda |
| Order: | Geophilomorpha |
| Family: | Geophilidae |
| Genus: | *Geophilus* |
| Species: | ***G. cayugae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Geophilus cayugae***<br>Chamberlin, 1904 | |
|


title: 1958 Calgary Stampeders season

abstract: The 1958 Calgary Stampeders finished in fourth place in the W.I.F.U. with a 6–9–1 record and failed to make the playoffs.

text:
# 1958 Calgary Stampeders season

The **1958 Calgary Stampeders** finished in fourth place in the W.I.F.U. with a 6–9–1 record and failed to make the playoffs.

## Regular season

### Season standings

**Western Interprovincial Football Union**
| Team | GP | W | L | T | PF | PA | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Winnipeg Blue Bombers** | 16 | 13 | 3 | 0 | 361 | 182 | 26 |
| **Edmonton Eskimos** | 16 | 9 | 6 | 1 | 312 | 292 | 19 |
| **Saskatchewan Roughriders** | 16 | 7 | 7 | 2 | 320 | 324 | 16 |
| Calgary Stampeders | 16 | 6 | 9 | 1 | 314 | 312 | 13 |
| BC Lions | 16 | 3 | 13 | 0 | 202 | 399 | 6 |

### Season schedule

| Game | Date | Opponent | Results | | Venue | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Score | Record | | |
| 1 |  | BC Lions | W 42–0 | 1–0 |  |  |
| 2 |  | Edmonton Eskimos | W 35–7 | 2–0 |  |  |
| 3 |  | BC Lions | W 34–13 | 3–0 |  |  |
| 4 |  | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | W 11–3 | 4–0 |  |  |
| 5 |  | Edmonton Eskimos | L 28–32 | 4–1 |  |  |
| 6 |  | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | L 7–20 | 4–2 |  |  |
| 7 |  | Saskatchewan Roughriders | L 7–30 | 4–3 |  |  |
| 8 |  | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | L 9–36 | 4–4 |  |  |
| 9 |  | BC Lions | W 29–15 | 5–4 |  |  |
| 10 |  | Saskatchewan Roughriders | L 14–22 | 5–5 |  |  |
| 11 |  | BC Lions | L 14–15 | 5–6 |  |  |
| 12 |  | Edmonton Eskimos | L 10–17 | 5–7 |  |  |
| 13 |  | Edmonton Eskimos | L 14–19 | 5–8 |  |  |
| 14 |  | Saskatchewan Roughriders | W 21–17 | 6–8 |  |  |
| 15 |  | Saskatchewan Roughriders | T 29–29 | 6–8–1 |  |  |
| 16 |  | Winnipeg Blue Bombers | L 10–37 | 6–9–1 |  |  |

## Awards and records

## InfoBox

| 1958 Calgary Stampeders season | |
| --- | --- |
| General manager | Jim Finks |
| Head coach | Otis Douglas |
| Home field | Mewata Stadium |
| Results | |
| Record | **6–9–1** |
| Division place | **4th, W.I.F.U.** |
| Playoff finish | *did not qualify* |
|


title: Mohamed Kalil Traoré

abstract: Mohamed Kalil Traoré is a Guinean professional footballer who plays as a defender for the Guinea national team.

text:
# Mohamed Kalil Traoré

**Mohamed Kalil Traoré** (born 9 July 2000) is a Guinean professional footballer who plays as a defender for the Guinea national team.

## Club career

### Early career

Traoré grew up and played in Guinean top flight club Kamsar.

### Hapoel Tel Aviv

On 13 July 2021, Traoré joined Israeli Premier League club Hapoel Tel Aviv on a five-year contract, following a successful pre-season trial. He made his league debut in Israel on 28 August 2021.

## International career

Traoré made his debut with the Guinea national team in a 3–0 2020 African Nations Championship win over Namibia on 19 January 2021.

## InfoBox

Mohamed Kalil Traoré
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (2000-07-09) 9 July 2000 | | |
| Place of birth | Guinea | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Stade Beaucairois | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2020–2021 | Kamsar |  |  |
| 2021–2022 | Hapoel Tel Aviv | 17 | (0) |
| 2023– | Stade Beaucairois | 18 | (1) |
| International career | | | |
| 2021– | Guinea | 5 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 10 January 2024<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 00:11, 26 March 2021 (UTC) | | | |


title: Volleyball Copa Latina

abstract: The Copa Latina is a tournament organized by the Peruvian Volleyball Federation and Frecuencia Latina. This tournament serves as preparation for women national teams from all over the world to different Volleyball competitions, mainly the Pan-American Volleyball Cup. The Cup features Peru's national team and three invitees, the first two Cups only had teams from the Americas but since the third cup, European and Asian teams are invited also. The format of the Cup has remained the same since the first edition, a preliminary round with a round-robin system between all four teams, the two top teams play the finals while the two bottom teams play for the bronze.

text:
# Volleyball Copa Latina

The **Copa Latina** (Latin Cup) is a tournament organized by the Peruvian Volleyball Federation and Frecuencia Latina. This tournament serves as preparation for women national teams from all over the world to different Volleyball competitions, mainly the Pan-American Volleyball Cup. The Cup features Peru's national team and three invitees, the first two Cups only had teams from the Americas but since the third cup, European and Asian teams are invited also.

The format of the Cup has remained the same since the first edition, a preliminary round with a round-robin system between all four teams, the two top teams play the finals while the two bottom teams play for the bronze.

## History

| Copa Latina | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Year | Host | Winner | Runner-up | 3rd Place | 4th Place |
| **2009**
*Details* |
Lima,
Peru | **
Cuba** |
Peru |
Chile |
Colombia |
| **2010**
*Details* |
Lima,
Peru | **
Peru** |
Argentina |
Colombia |
Uruguay |
| **2011**
*Details* |
Callao,
Peru | **
Peru** |
Thailand |
Great Britain |
Chile |
| **2012**
*Details* |
Lima,
Peru | **
Cuba** |
Dominican Republic |
Peru |
Chile |
| **2013**
*Details* |
Lima,
Peru | **
Colombia** |
Dominican Republic |
Mexico |
Peru |
| **2014**
*Details* |
Lima,
Peru | **
Dominican Republic** |
Colombia |
Cuba |
Peru |
| **2015**
*Details* |
Lima,
Peru | **
Peru** |
Dominican Republic |
Brazil |
Cuba |


title: Mir Zabid Ali Reki

abstract: Mir Zabid Ali Reki is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of the Balochistan from October 2018 to August 2023.

text:
# Mir Zabid Ali Reki

**Mir Zabid Ali Reki** is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of the Balochistan from October 2018 to August 2023.

## Political career

Reki contested 2018 Pakistani general election from constituency PB-41 of Provincial Assembly of the Balochistan on the ticket of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal. He won the election by the majority of 460 votes over the runner up Mir Mujeebur Rehman Muhammad Hassani of Balochistan Awami Party. He garnered 12,782 votes while Hassani received 12,322 votes. Hassani contested the results with Election Commission of Pakistan (ECP) based on purported abduction of the presiding officer, ECP ordered the re-election in 2 polling stations of this constituency out of a total of 98 polling stations.

Re-election on two polling stations of PB-41 was held on 7 October 2018. Reki became the member of Balochistan Assembly after the re-election.

## InfoBox

| Mir Zabid Ali Reki | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Balochistan | |
| **In office**<br>30 October 2018  12 August 2023 | |
| Constituency | PB-41 Washuk |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Nationality | Pakistani |
| Political party | Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal |
|  | |


title: Ministry of Endowments and Guidance

abstract: The Ministry of Endowments and Guidance is a cabinet ministry of Yemen.

text:
# Ministry of Endowments and Guidance

**The Ministry of Endowments and Guidance** (Arabic: وزارة الأوقاف والإرشاد) is a cabinet ministry of Yemen.

## List of ministers

* Mohamed Ahmed Shabiba (18 December 2020 – present)
* Ahmed Zabin Atayah (18 September 2016 – 17 December 2020)

## InfoBox

Ministry of Endowments and Guidance
| Emblem of Yemen | |
| --- | --- |
| Ministry overview | |
| Formed | 1990 (1990) |
| Jurisdiction | Government of Yemen |
| Headquarters | Aden, Sana'a |
| Minister responsible | * Mohamed Shabibah, Minister of Endowments and Guidance |


title: Ministry of Endowments (Syria)

abstract: The Ministry of Endowments or Ministry of Awqaf is a department of the Government of Syria.

text:
# Ministry of Endowments (Syria)

The **Ministry of Endowments** or **Ministry of Awqaf** is a department of the Government of Syria.

## Responsibilities

The ministry is responsible for Islamic religious affairs and the administration of endowments.

## Ministers of Awqaf

* Abd al-Rahman al-Kayyali (14 October 1944 – 1 April 1945)
* Said al-Ghazzi (7 April 1945 – 16 August 1945)
* Youssef Muzahim (17 March 1960 – 28 September 1961)
* Ahmed Sultan (29 September 1961 – 21 November 1961)
* Mustafa Al-Zarqa (22 November 1961 – 15 April 1962)
* Rashid Humaidan (16 April 1962 – 16 September 1962)
* Asaad Al-Kourani (17 September 1962 – 9 March 1963)
* Darwish Al-Alwani (9 March 1963 – 31 March 1963)
* Mazhar Al-Anbari (1 April 1963 – 30 April 1963)
* Ahmed Mahdi Al-Khidr (1 May 1963 – 12 April 1963)
* Abdul Rahman Al-Tabbaa (13 May 1963 – 10 February 1964)
* Abdul Rahman Al Kawakibi (13 May 1964 – 31 December 1965)

## InfoBox

Ministry of Endowments (awqaf)
| وزارة الأوقاف في الجمهورية العربية السورية | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 1944 |
| Jurisdiction | Government of Syria |
| Headquarters | Damascus |
| Minister responsible |  |
| Website | Official page of Ministry |


title: Mirificarma ulicinella

abstract: Mirificarma ulicinella is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Portugal, Spain, France and Italy. The wingspan is 5.5-6.5 mm for males and 5–6 mm for females. Adults are on wing from August to September in one generation per year. The larvae feed on Ulex parviflorus.

text:
# Mirificarma ulicinella

***Mirificarma ulicinella*** is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Portugal, Spain, France and Italy.

The wingspan is 5.5-6.5 mm for males and 5–6 mm for females. Adults are on wing from August to September in one generation per year.

The larvae feed on *Ulex parviflorus*.

## InfoBox

| *Mirificarma ulicinella* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Gelechiidae |
| Genus: | *Mirificarma* |
| Species: | ***M. ulicinella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mirificarma ulicinella***<br>(Staudinger, 1859) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Gelechia ulicinella* Staudinger, 1859 | |


title: Mirlər

abstract: Mirlər (Mirlar) is a village in the Qubadli District of Azerbaijan.

text:
# Mirlər

39°17′58″N 46°38′03″E / 39.29944°N 46.63417°E / 39.29944; 46.63417

**Mirlər** (*Mirlar*) is a village in the Qubadli District of Azerbaijan.

## InfoBox

| Mirlər | |
| --- | --- |
| Ruined state of Mirlar following three decades of Armenian occupation | |
| Mirlər | |
| Coordinates: 39°17′58″N 46°38′03″E / 39.29944°N 46.63417°E / 39.29944; 46.63417 | |
| Country | Azerbaijan |
| District | Qubadli |
| Time zone | UTC+4 (AZT) |


title: Ministry of Health and Welfare (Taiwan)

abstract: The Ministry of Health and Welfare is the Executive Yuan ministry responsible for the administration of the public health system, social welfare, affordable and universal health care, hospitals, pharmaceutical, immunization programs, disease prevention, supervision and coordination of local health agencies in Taiwan.

text:
# Ministry of Health and Welfare (Taiwan)

The **Ministry of Health and Welfare** (**MOHW**; Chinese: 衛生福利部; pinyin: *Wèishēng Fúlì Bù*; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: *Ōe-seng Hok-lī Pō͘*) is the Executive Yuan ministry responsible for the administration of the public health system, social welfare, affordable and universal health care, hospitals, pharmaceutical, immunization programs, disease prevention, supervision and coordination of local health agencies in Taiwan.

## History

The ministry was originally established on 17 March 1971 as the **Department of Health** (**DOH**; Chinese: 衛生署; pinyin: *Wèishēng Shǔ*; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: *Ōe-seng Sú*). The department was upgraded to **Ministry of Health and Welfare** on 23 July 2013 with the addition from the agencies in the Ministry of the Interior responsible for social welfare following restructuring of the Executive Yuan.

The original building of the MOHW was located at Datong District, Taipei when it was still named the Department of Health and being renamed Ministry of Health and Welfare. The Executive Yuan approved the construction for the new building of the then Department of Health in 2007 at Nangang District, Taipei. After years of planning and construction, the building was finally completed in May 2014. On 18 June 2014, the opening ceremony of the new MOHW building was attended by President Ma Ying-jeou, legislators, and representatives from various government agencies and related organizations.

## Organizational structure

### Political departments

* Department of Planning
* Department of Social Insurance
* Department of Social Assistance and Social Work
* Department of Protective Service
* Department of Nursing and Health Care
* Department of Medical Affairs
* Department of Mental Health
* Department of Oral Health
* Department of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

### Administrative departments

### Agencies

## List of ministers

Kuomintang   Democratic Progressive Party   Non-partisan/ unknown

|  | Name | Term of office | | Days | Party | Premier |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minister of the Department of Health | | | | | | |
|
| 1 | Yen Chun-hui (顏春輝) | 17 March 1971 | 25 June 1974 | 1196 |  | Yen Chia-kan
Chiang Ching-kuo |
|
| 2 | Wang Chin-mao (王金茂) | 25 June 1974 | 9 May 1981 | 2510 |  | Chiang Ching-kuo
Sun Yun-suan |
|
| 3 | Hsu Tzu-chiu (許子秋) | 9 May 1981 | 14 January 1986 | 1711 |  | Sun Yun-suan
Yu Kuo-hua |
|
| 4 | Shih Chun-jen (施純仁) | 14 January 1986 | 2 June 1990 | 1600 |  | Yu Kuo-hua
Lee Huan |
|
| 5 | Chang Po-ya (張博雅) | 2 June 1990 | 1 September 1997 | 2648 | Independent | Hau Pei-tsun
Lien Chan |
|
| 6 | Steve Chan (詹啟賢) | 1 September 1997 | 19 May 2000 | 992 | Independent | Vincent Siew |
|
| 7 | Lee Ming-liang (李明亮) | 20 May 2000 | 31 August 2002 | 833 | Independent | Tang Fei
Chang Chun-hsiung I
Yu Shyi-kun |
|
|  | Twu Shiing-jer (涂醒哲) | 1 September 2002 | 31 December 2002 | 121 | Democratic Progressive Party | Yu Shyi-kun |
|
| 8 | Twu Shiing-jer (涂醒哲) | 31 December 2002 | 18 May 2003 | 138 | Democratic Progressive Party | Yu Shyi-kun |
|
| 9 | Chen Chien-jen (陳建仁) | 18 May 2003 | 1 February 2005 | 625 | Independent | Yu Shyi-kun |
|
|  | Wang Hsiu-hong (王秀紅) | 2 February 2005 | 16 February 2005 | 14 |  | Frank Hsieh |
|
| 10 | Hou Sheng-mao (侯勝茂) | 17 February 2005 | 19 May 2008 | 1187 |  | Frank Hsieh
Su Tseng-chang I
Chang Chun-hsiung II |
|
| 11 | Lin Fang-yue (林芳郁) | 20 May 2008 | 25 September 2008 | 128 |  | Liu Chao-shiuan |
|
| 12 | Yeh Ching-chuan (葉金川) | 26 September 2008 | 6 August 2009 | 314 | Kuomintang | Liu Chao-shiuan |
|
| 13 | Yang Chih-liang (楊志良) | 6 August 2009 | 8 February 2011 | 551 | Kuomintang | Liu Chao-shiuan
Wu Den-yih |
|
| 14 | Chiu Wen-ta (邱文達) | 8 February 2011 | 22 July 2013 | 895 |  | Wu Den-yih
Sean Chen
Jiang Yi-huah |
| Minister of Health and Welfare *(since 23 July 2013)* | | | | | | |
|
| 1 | Chiu Wen-ta (邱文達) | 23 July 2013 | 3 October 2014 | 438 |  | Jiang Yi-huah |
|
|  | Lin Tzou-yien (林奏延) | 3 October 2014 | 22 October 2014 | 19 |  | Jiang Yi-huah |
|
| 2 | Chiang Been-huang (蔣丙煌) | 22 October 2014 | 19 May 2016 | 575 |  | Jiang Yi-huah
Mao Chi-kuo
Chang San-cheng |
|
| 3 | Lin Tzou-yien (林奏延) | 20 May 2016 | 7 February 2017 | 263 |  | Lin Chuan |
|
| 4 | Chen Shih-chung (陳時中) | 8 February 2017 | 17 July 2022 | 1985 | Democratic Progressive Party | Lin Chuan
William Lai
Su Tseng-chang II |
|
| 5 | Hsueh Jui-yuan (薛瑞元) | 18 July 2022 | 20 May 2024 | 672 |  | Su Tseng-chang II |
|
| 6 | Chiu Tai-yuan (邱泰源) | 20 May 2024 | *Incumbent* | 141 | Democratic Progressive Party | Cho Jung-tai |

## Transportation

The MOHW building is accessible within walking distance East from Kunyang Station of Taipei Metro.

## InfoBox

Ministry of Health and Welfare
| 衛生福利部
Wèishēng Fúlì Bù (Mandarin)
Ví-sên Fuk-li Phu (Hakka) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Seal of the Ministry of Health and Welfare
(衛生福利部印) | |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 17 March 1971 (as Department of Health)
23 July 2013 (as MOHW) |
| Preceding agency | * Department of Health |
| Jurisdiction | Taiwan |
| Headquarters | Taipei |
| Ministers responsible |  |
| Website | www.mohw.gov.tw |


title: Miriam Timothy

abstract: Miriam Timothy was a British harpist and teacher. She was a soloist, played with many London orchestras and taught harp at the Royal College of Music.

text:
# Miriam Timothy

**Miriam Timothy** (24 February 1879 – 1950) was a British harpist and teacher. She was a soloist, played with many London orchestras and taught harp at the Royal College of Music.

## Life

Miriam Timothy was born in London on 24 February 1879, daughter of Felix Festus Timothy and Jane *née* Hamblin. From 1890 to 1893 she studied with John Thomas at the Royal Academy of Music, where she gained Bronze and Silver medals. She obtained a scholarship in 1893 to study at the Royal College of Music for three years, and later taught there; her students included the sisters Sidonie and Marie Goossens.

In September 1897 she appeared at a Promenade Concert at the Queen's Hall, playing a solo by John Thomas. During the following years she played solos in concerts, and took part in chamber music.

Miriam Timothy played for Queen Victoria at Osborne House; she afterwards became a member of the Queen's band, playing several times at Windsor Castle. She was one of the musicians at the Coronation of Edward VII in 1902, and the Coronation of George V in 1911.

She played with the Queen's Hall Orchestra and other orchestras. From May 1904 she was a member of the London Symphony Orchestra, and accompanied the orchestra, with conductor Arthur Nikisch, in 1912 on a concert tour of the US.

In 1920 she left London, and in the Caribbean met and married Lt-Col Robert L Deane OBE(1879–1969); he was later Commissioner of Police in Mauritius. She died there in 1950.


abstract: The Ministry of Innovation and Technology (MinT) is an Ethiopian government department responsible for science and technological development in Ethiopia as well as a governing body of communications. It was established as a commission in December 1975 by directive No.62/1975. The current minister is Belete Molla since 2021.

text:
# Ministry of Innovation and Technology (Ethiopia)

The **Ministry of Innovation and Technology** (**MinT**) (formerly known as the **Ministry of Science and Technology** (**MoST**), **Ministry of Communication & Information Technology**, **Ministry of Science and Technology**) is an Ethiopian government department responsible for science and technological development in Ethiopia as well as a governing body of communications. It was established as a commission in December 1975 by directive No.62/1975. The current minister is Belete Molla since 2021.

## List of ministers

## History

The Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) was a governmental institution that was established for the first time in December 1975 by proclamation No.62/1975 as a commission. Following the change in government in 1991 and with the issuance of the new economic policy, the commission was re-established in March 1994 by Proclamation No.91/94. The commission went into its third phase of re-institution on 24 August 1995 by Proclamation No.7/1995, as an agency following the establishment of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia . The ministry changed its title to Ministry of Innovation and Technology in October 2018.

## Vision

To see Ethiopia entrench the capacities which enable rapid learning, adaptation and utilization of effective foreign technologies by the year 2022/23.

It has a mission of coordinating, encouraging and supporting science and technology activities that realize the country's social and economic developments

## Affiliate organizations

## InfoBox

Ministry of Innovation and Technology
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | December 1975 |
| Jurisdiction | Government of Ethiopia |
| Headquarters | near Colson St, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia<br>9°01′26″N 38°45′18″E / 9.023822°N 38.755073°E / 9.023822; 38.755073 |
| Annual budget | 300 billion birr (as of 2021) |
| Agency executive |  |


title: Mirko Messner

abstract: Štefan Miroslav "Mirko" Messner is an Austrian, Carinthian Slovene Slavicist and communist politician, leading the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ) from February 2006 to June 2021.

text:
# Mirko Messner

**Štefan Miroslav "Mirko" Messner** (born 16 December 1948) is an Austrian, Carinthian Slovene Slavicist and communist politician, leading the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ) from February 2006 to June 2021.

## Life

After graduating from high school, Messner studied Slavic studies and German studies at the University of Vienna, where he received his doctorate in 1977.

As a teenager, he was politically active in the *Verband Sozialistischer Mittelschüler* (Association of Socialist Middle Schoolers) in Carinthia. After its dissolution in 1973, Messner joined the KPÖ-led Communist Student Union within the Austrian Students' Association. During his studies he became involved in the Slovene Students' Association (*Koroška dijaška zveza*) and created the Slovenian student newspaper *Kladivo*, which was published until 1989. When he could not assert his view of nationality policy on the question of Slovenian minority in the party, Messner resigned from all party offices, including membership of the central committee, and quit his job as an employee of the party in 1987.

After the KPÖ held the *Grazer Erneuerungsparteitag* (Party Congress for Renewal in Graz) in 2005, Messner was initially active in the reconstitution of the KPÖ in Klagenfurt and was finally elected as the party's minority spokesman and a member of its federal executive board in February 2006. In March of the same year, Messner was also elected Federal Spokesperson for the party together with Melina Klaus. Messner has been the leading candidate for his party in all four Austrian National Council elections since 2006.

From 2009 to 2016 he was also editor of the party newspaper *Volksstimme*, which appears as a monthly magazine. Messner was the sole federal spokesman for the KPÖ from 2012 to 2021.

1. *search.obvsg.at* https://search.obvsg.at/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=OBV\_alma71386426100003331&context=L&vid=OBV&lang=de\_DE. Retrieved 2020-07-06. `{{cite web}}`: Missing or empty `|title=` (help)
2. "KPÖ". *www.kpoe.at*. Retrieved 2020-07-06.
3. *Nationalratswahlen: Alle Spitzenkandidaten im Portrait*.
4. "Verband Sozialistischer Mittelschüler | AustriaWiki im Austria-Forum". *austria-forum.org*. Retrieved 2020-07-06.
5. *search.obvsg.at* https://search.obvsg.at/primo-explore/fulldisplay?docid=OBV\_alma71332037260003331&context=L&vid=OBV&lang=de\_DE. Retrieved 2020-07-06. `{{cite web}}`: Missing or empty `|title=` (help)
6. *Nationalratswahlen: Alle Spitzenkandidaten im Portrait*.
7. "Nationalratswahlen: Alle Spitzenkandidaten im Portrait". *nachrichten.at* (in German). Retrieved 2020-07-06.

## InfoBox

| Mirko Messner | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Chair of the Communist Party of Austria | |
| **In office**
March 2006  June 2021Co-leading with Melina Klaus (2006–2012) | |
| Preceded by | Walter Baier |
| Succeeded by | Günther Hopfgartner |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Štefan Miroslav Messner
(1948-12-16) 16 December 1948
Slovenj Gradec, PR Slovenia, Yugoslavia |
| Nationality | Austrian |
| Political party | Communist (KPÖ) |
| Alma mater | University of Vienna |
|  | |


title: Miss Grand South Africa 2016

abstract: Miss Grand South Africa 2016 was the second edition of the Miss Grand South Africa beauty pageant, held on August 6, 2016, at the Atterbury Theatre, Pretoria. Seven candidates, who qualified for the national pageant via an online screening performed earlier in April, competed for the title, and a professional model from the province of Limpopo, Caitlin Harty, was elected the winner, while the Mpumalanga representative, Precious Khoza, and the Gauteng representative, Thando Tsiane, were named the first and second runners-up, respectively. Harty then represented the country at the Miss Grand International 2016 pageant held in Las Vegas, United States, on October 25, but was unplaced. The grand final telecast of the pageant was hosted by Miss Teen Commonwealth South Africa 2016 1st-princess, Mpoentle Plaatjie, and was live-transmitted to the audience nationwide via Zee World. Originally, the pageant was scheduled to be held at the Lyric Theatre of the Gold Reef City amusement park in Johannesburg, but after Zee World became the main sponsor of the pageant, the final venue was instead moved to Pretoria.

text:
# Miss Grand South Africa 2016

**Miss Grand South Africa 2016** was the second edition of the Miss Grand South Africa beauty pageant, held on August 6, 2016, at the Atterbury Theatre, Pretoria. Seven candidates, who qualified for the national pageant via an online screening performed earlier in April, competed for the title, and a professional model from the province of Limpopo, Caitlin Harty, was elected the winner, while the Mpumalanga representative, Precious Khoza, and the Gauteng representative, Thando Tsiane, were named the first and second runners-up, respectively. Harty then represented the country at the Miss Grand International 2016 pageant held in Las Vegas, United States, on October 25, but was unplaced.

The grand final telecast of the pageant was hosted by Miss Teen Commonwealth South Africa 2016 1st-princess, Mpoentle Plaatjie, and was live-transmitted to the audience nationwide via Zee World.

Originally, the pageant was scheduled to be held at the Lyric Theatre of the Gold Reef City amusement park in Johannesburg, but after Zee World became the main sponsor of the pageant, the final venue was instead moved to Pretoria.

## Candidates

Seven candidates competed for the title of Miss Grand South Africa 2016.

## InfoBox

| Miss Grand South Africa 2016 | |
| --- | --- |
| Atterbury Theatre, the venue of the contest | |
| Date | 6 August 2016 |
| Presenters | Mpoentle Plaatjie |
| Venue | Atterbury Theatre, Pretoria |
| Broadcaster | Zee World |
| Entrants | 7 |
| Placements | 3 |
| Winner | Caitlin Harty<br>(Limpopo) |
|


title: Minot Pratt

abstract: Minot Pratt (1805-1878) was a founder, a director and head farmer of the Brook Farm experimental community, a printer, a friend of noted Concord, Massachusetts, writers, Henry David Thoreau, Amos Bronson Alcott, Louisa May Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Nathaniel Hawthorne, and a naturalist in Concord, Massachusetts. At his death in 1878 it was written of him: “his recreation, and one might say, his worship, was among the wild-flowers and woodlands, which he knew almost as familiarly as Thoreau did. Thoreau was a ‘poet-naturalist,’ Minot Pratt was a farmer-naturalist, -- but in both the love of nature was far stronger than the mere scientific thirst for knowledge. They revered nature and treated her with the modesty due to a maiden, and with the respect of a young lover. This sentiment did not wither as age came on.”

text:
# Minot Pratt

**Minot Pratt** (1805-1878) was a founder, a director and head farmer of the Brook Farm experimental community, a printer, a friend of noted Concord, Massachusetts, writers, Henry David Thoreau, Amos Bronson Alcott, Louisa May Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Nathaniel Hawthorne, and a naturalist in Concord, Massachusetts. At his death in 1878 it was written of him: “his recreation, and one might say, his worship, was among the wild-flowers and woodlands, which he knew almost as familiarly as Thoreau did. Thoreau was a ‘poet-naturalist,’ Minot Pratt was a farmer-naturalist, -- but in both the love of nature was far stronger than the mere scientific thirst for knowledge. They revered nature and treated her with the modesty due to a maiden, and with the respect of a young lover. This sentiment did not wither as age came on.”

## Early life

Minot Pratt was born on January 8, 1805, in Weymouth, Massachusetts, to Bela Pratt (1777-1843), a stonemason, and his wife, Sophia (Lyon) Pratt (1780-1841). As a teenager Minot journeyed to New Bedford, Massachusetts, to learn the printing trade, and then to Boston, Massachusetts, where he became the printer for The Christian Register in 1827. In 1829 he married Maria Jones Bridge (1806-1891) of Chelsea, Massachusetts. The ceremony was performed by Ralph Waldo Emerson, said to be his first marriage ceremony performed. Maria's sister, Rebecca Bridge married Alvin Adams who founded the company that became the Adams Express Company (now Adams Funds).

## Brook Farm

In 1841 Minot Pratt and his wife Maria joined George Ripley, Nathaniel Hawthorne and others to form the experimental community in West Roxbury, Massachusetts, called Brook Farm. Minot became its head farmer, although he had no farming experience. He was consulted by Ripley on many matters for the running of the farm and served at different times as a director of agriculture and as a trustee of the community. He was reported by fellow members to have been one of the most valued of the community not only for his farming abilities, but also for his management skills. In April 1845 Minot and his family withdrew from Brook Farm and moved to Concord, Massachusetts, where they purchased a farm and where he lived the rest of his days.

## Concord Years

Minot Pratt was a founding member of the Concord Farmers' Club for which he served as president and for 16 years as secretary. Minot wrote a number of articles on farming for the Club and for newspapers such as *The Commonwealth* (weekly Boston, Massachusetts, newspaper, 1862-1896), sometimes anonymously. Minot's interest in wildflowers was evident at Brook Farm and became more significant in Concord, an interest he shared with Henry David Thoreau, who became his friend. This pursuit led Minot to compile a detailed floral list using scientific names for the town of Concord which was left to the town as a manuscript at the time he died. Richard J. Eaton in his *A Flora of Concord* (1974) summarizes Minot's life and evaluates his botanical expertise, noting that he “played an important role in stimulating his more scientifically minded contemporaries and successors” and that his extensive floral list contained only “a few mistakes.” On October 30, 1859 Henry Thoreau gave an impassioned speech to the town of Concord defending John Brown which Minot reported vividly the same night in a letter to his wife (who was visiting her parents) and which Walter Harding reproduced in part in his *The Days of Henry Thoreau* (1982). In 1860 one of Minot's sons, John Bridge Pratt, married Anna Alcott Pratt, the eldest daughter of Minot's friend Amos Bronson Alcott.

## Death

Minot Pratt died on March 29, 1878. Louisa May Alcott wrote a poem for Minot's funeral. At the time of his death an obituary appeared not only in *The Concord Freeman* but also in the regional newspapers, *The Springfield Daily Republican* and *The New England Farmer, and Horticultural Register*

* Alcott, Louisa May (April 3, 1878). "In Memoriam". The Springfield Daily Republican.
* Blanding, Thomas (Spring 1978). "Beans, Baked and Half-baked (7)". *The Concord Saunterer*. **13** (1): 16.
* Bridge, Rev. William Dawson (1924). *Genealogy of the John Bridge Family in America, 1632-1924, Revised Edition*. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The Murray Printing Company. p. 108. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
* Eaton, Richard Jefferson (1974). *A Flora of Concord*. Cambridge, MA: The Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University. Retrieved 10 July 2021.
* Harding, Walter (1982). *The Days of Henry Thoreau*. New York: Dover Publications, Inc.
* Pratt Jr., Francis G. (1890). *The Pratt Family*. Boston, Massachusetts. Retrieved 2 March 2021.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* Reynolds, Joseph (June 1860). "Concord Farmer's Club Meeting". *The New England Farmer*. **XII** (6): 261.
* Sanborn, F. B. (1909). *Recollections of Seventy Years, Volume 2*. Boston, Massachusetts: The Gorham Press. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
* Swift, Lindsay (1900). *Brook Farm*. New York: The Macmillan Company. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
* Thoreau, Henry David (1906). *Journal, volume VI*. Boston, Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin and Company. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
* Wayne, Tiffany K. (2006). *Encyclopedia of Transcendentalism*. New York: Facts On File, Inc. p. 225.
* "Minot Pratt of Concord". *The Concord Freeman*. April 25, 1878. p. 1.
* "When Thoreau Lectured on John Brown". *Concord Journal*. December 8, 1932. p. 1.
* "Minot Pratt". *The New England Farmer, and Horticultural Register*. April 13, 1878. p. 1.
* "Minot Pratt". *The Springfield Daily Republican*. April 3, 1878. p. 4.

## InfoBox

| Minot Pratt | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | January 8, 1805
Weymouth, Massachusetts, US |
| Died | March 29, 1878(1878-03-29) (aged 73)
Concord, Massachusetts, US |
| Occupation | farmer |
| Known for | a founder, director and head farmer of Brook Farm; friend of the noted Concord, Massachusetts authors; father of John Bridge Pratt |
| Spouse | Maria Jones Bridge (m. 1830) |
| Children | Henry Minot Pratt
Frederick Gray Pratt
John Bridge Pratt
Caroline Hayden Pratt
Theodore Parker Pratt |
| Relatives | Anna Alcott Pratt (daughter-in-law), Alvin Adams (brother-in-law of wife) |


title: Minot Raiders

abstract: The Minot Raiders are a defunct professional ice hockey team which played in the Southwest Hockey League for a little under a year from 1976 to 1977.

text:
# Minot Raiders

The **Minot Raiders** are a defunct professional ice hockey team which played in the Southwest Hockey League for a little under a year from 1976 to 1977.

## History

The franchise was one of the original six teams and began play as the El Paso Raiders, playing out of the El Paso County Coliseum. After 37 games in El Paso, the team's situation had worsened to the point that they could no longer continue. After the dissolution of the Reno Broncos earlier in the season, Ralph Engelstad didn't want to see two of his new clubs vanish in the during the first year and moved the Raiders north to Minot on January 25. The team was able to stabilize their financial situation in the short term and finished out the year at the All Seasons Arena.

A second team was placed in North Dakota for the start of the league's second season, which would help to alleviate travel costs following the offseason relocation of the Butte Copper Kings. Unfortunately, the Bismarck Capitols only lasted 20 games and the rest of the SWHL wasn't in much better shape. In the midst of the league's troubles, the Raiders were renamed as the 'Rangers' on January 12 but the new moniker lasted less than two weeks. The Rangers, along with the rest of the SWHL, permanently suspended operations on January 24.

## Season record

*Combined records of the franchise* ***Note:** GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against*

| Season | GP | W | L | T | Pts | GF | GA | Finish | Playoffs |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1975–1976 | 72 | 28 | 41 | 3 | 59 | 309 | 382 | 5th |  |
| 1976–1977 | 49 | 22 | 27 | 0 | 44 | 252 | 254 | 3rd | N/A |

## InfoBox

| Minot Raiders | |
| --- | --- |
| City | Minot, North Dakota |
| League | Southwest Hockey League |
| Operated | 1976–1977 |
| Home arena | All Seasons Arena |
| Franchise history | |
| 1975–1976 | El Paso Raiders |
| 1976–1977 | Minot Raiders |
| 1977 | Minot Rangers |


title: Misato Rokugo Velodrome

abstract: Misato Rokugo Velodrome Misato Rokugo Velodrome is a velodrome located in Misato, Akita. Rokugo's oval is 333 meters in circumference.

text:
# Misato Rokugo Velodrome

**Misato Rokugo Velodrome** (美郷町六郷自転車競技場, *Misatocho Rokugo Jitensha Kyogijo*) is a velodrome located in Misato, Akita. Rokugo's oval is 333 meters in circumference.

39°24′54″N 140°33′43″E / 39.415083°N 140.562056°E / 39.415083; 140.562056

## InfoBox

Misato Rokugo Velodrome
| Rokugo Velodrome | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Misato, Akita, Japan |
| Operator | Misato Sports Promotion Agency |
| Opened | September 2004 |


title: Misato Station (Mie)

abstract: Misato Station is a passenger railway station located in the city of Inabe, Mie Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Sangi Railway.

text:
# Misato Station (Mie)

**Misato Station** (三里駅, *Misato-eki*) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Inabe, Mie Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Sangi Railway.

## Lines

Misato Station is served by the Sangi Line, and is located 17.1 kilometres from the terminus of the line at Kintetsu-Tomida Station.

## Layout

The station consists of a single island platform connected to the station building by a level crossing.

### Platforms

| **1** | Sangi Line | For Kintetsu-Tomida |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **2** | Sangi Line | For Nishi-Fujiwara |

## Adjacent stations

| « | | Service | » | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sangi Railway Sangi Line | | | | |
| Daian | | Local | Nyūgawa | |

## History

Misato Station was opened on July 23, 1931. From June 1, 1968, to March 25, 1986, the station was named **Ugakeiguchi Station** (宇賀渓口駅). The station building was rebuilt in 1986. On November 8, 2012, a derailment accident occurred at this station.

## Passenger statistics

In fiscal 2019, the station was used by an average of 311 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).

## Surrounding area

* Inabe City Misato Elementary School

Media related to Misato Station (Mie) at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Misato Station
三里駅 | |
| --- | --- |
| Misato Station, December 2017 | |
| General information | |
| Location | Daian-cho Hiratsuka 512-11, Inabe-shi, Mie-ken 511-0273
Japan |
| Coordinates | 35°06′25.23″N 136°32′19.29″E / 35.1070083°N 136.5386917°E / 35.1070083; 136.5386917 |
| Operated by | Sangi Railway |
| Line(s) | Sangi Line |
| Distance | 17.1 km from Kintetsu-Tomida |
| Platforms | 1 island platform |
| History | |
| Opened | July 23, 1931 |
| Passengers | |
|  | |
| FY2019 | 311 daily |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  Misato StationLocation within Mie PrefectureMisato StationMisato Station (Japan) | |