title: Paul Koudounaris

abstract: Paul Koudounaris is an American author and photographer originally from Los Angeles and currently living in Las Vegas. He has a PhD in Art History, and his publications in the field of charnel house and ossuary research have made him a well-known figure in the field of macabre art and art history. He is also a feline historian whose book entitled, A Cat's Tale, told feline history in the voice of his rescue cat, Baba the Cat. In addition he is one of the world's leading experts on pet cemeteries and animal burials, and his book on this topic was announced in 2024 for a fall release under the title Faithful Unto Death, He is a member of The Order of the Good Death.

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# Paul Koudounaris

**Paul Koudounaris** is an American author and photographer originally from Los Angeles and currently living in Las Vegas. He has a PhD in Art History, and his publications in the field of charnel house and ossuary research have made him a well-known figure in the field of macabre art and art history. He is also a feline historian whose book entitled, *A Cat's Tale*, told feline history in the voice of his rescue cat, Baba the Cat. In addition he is one of the world's leading experts on pet cemeteries and animal burials, and his book on this topic was announced in 2024 for a fall release under the title *Faithful Unto Death*, He is a member of The Order of the Good Death.

## Research and publications on human remains in religious art

In 2006, he started extensively studying the use of human remains in religious ritual and as a decorative element in sacred spaces. He began writing about and photographing them for European newspapers, and became an important contributor to magazines which specialize in the paranormal, such as the Fortean Times, covering unusual and spiritual phenomenon surrounding sacred remains throughout the world. In the process, he also compiled material for the first ever history of bone-decorated religious structures, visiting over 70 sites on four continents, some of which had never before been photographed or open to the public.

## *The Empire of Death*

In 2011, his ossuary research and photographs were published by Thames and Hudson as *The Empire of Death*, the title taken from a caption at the Catacombs of Paris, one of the sites included in the book. The book included other famous ossuaries, such as the Sedlec Ossuary and the crypt of Santa Maria della Concezione dei Cappuccini, where he had been granted special permission by the monastery and Italian cultural authorities to photograph. A host of similar, previously unknown sites were also included in the book, however, and the text created a context for understanding the construction of these types of elaborate ossuaries as a Catholic phenomenon that was initiated during the Counter-Reformation. The book received extensive media coverage, and was lauded in publications internationally and was named among the best books of the year by the London Evening Standard and awarded Coup de Coeur by the Association of Paris Librarians.

## *Heavenly Bodies*

His book *Heavenly Bodies* was released in 2013, and delved even deeper into study of obscure macabre art history by presenting the forgotten story of a group of skeletons taken from the Roman Catacombs in the seventeenth century and completely decorated with jewels by teams of nuns. The book described how these bodies, known as catacomb saints, were identified as Early Christian martyrs, then sent primarily to German-speaking lands where they were decorated and placed into Catholic Churches. Such skeletons were mostly removed and destroyed during the Enlightenment, but Koudounaris tracked down all the surviving examples and photographed them for the book. The book received a tremendous amount of press, and Koudounaris was dubbed "Indiana Bones" by the UK press, in reference to his curious and macabre discoveries, and the book was named by Dazed and Confused as one of the ten best art and photography books of the year.

## *Memento Mori*

The third book by Koudounaris on macabre visual culture involving human remains was released in 2015 and entitled *Memento Mori*. In interviews for the book he indicated that it was intended to present a much more global perspective than the previous books by including lengthy sections involving material from Africa, Asia, and South America—especially from the country of Bolivia, where he had been studying skull rituals (involving an annual festival to skulls called Natitas in La Paz) for the last ten years. He said that unlike the previous books, this one was primarily a photographic rather than historical and anthropological study, and that he intended it to be his final work on sacred human remains. The book garnered honors as one of American Photo magazine's ten best new photography books.

## *A Cat's Tale*

Koudounaris has long been interested in animal history, and as a follow-up to his death books he planned initially to write a history of pet cemeteries. During the research, however, he became aware of how many exceptional stories of heroic animals had been left out of standard history books, especially involving cats. He had previously been involved in cat rescue, and owned a tabby named Baba with whom he had already commenced a photograph series of costumes. Acquiring mostly old doll and teddy bear costumes, Koudounaris would tailor them for Baba, who would model famous historical characters and popular culture figures. Koudounaris decided that instead of writing the pet cemetery book, he would write a feline history book, but using Baba as the narrator, and illustrating the book with her wearing costumes of the historical eras she discusses. The result was *A Cat's Tale: A Journey Through Feline History*, released in November, 2020. Baba was listed as the co-author. The approach of attempting to tell history from a cat's point of view, and in a feline voice, was novel, and *A Cat's Tale* was lauded by Smithsonian Magazine as "The most unique cat history book ever published," and selected by Barnes and Noble as one of the best new books of 2020.

## Research on sex ghosts and demonic cats

During the research for *The Empire of Death*, he acquired huge amounts of corollary folklore relating to different macabre subjects. One of these was otherworldly erotic encounters between the living and dead. He refers to the phenomenon as *Sex Ghosts*, but indicates the history of this type of encounter can be dated all the way to the ancient world. While it is now attributed to ghosts, he says it has previously been attributed to any number of sources. He has given public discussion of the topic internationally, and has done several interviews touching on the subject. He also began to research folklore about demonically-possessed cats, and has done interviews and lectures about this topic around the USA. He is also the author of *A Cat's Tale: A Journey Through Feline History*.


title: Paul Kowert

abstract: Paul Kowert is an American bassist and composer. His styles include classical, bluegrass, and progressive bluegrass. He is a member of the progressive acoustic quintet Punch Brothers and a founding member of Hawktail, an acoustic supergroup composed of Kowert, fiddler Brittany Haas, guitarist Jordan Tice, and mandolinist Dominick Leslie.

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# Paul Kowert

**Paul Kowert** (born July 18, 1986) is an American bassist and composer. His styles include classical, bluegrass, and progressive bluegrass. He is a member of the progressive acoustic quintet Punch Brothers and a founding member of Hawktail, an acoustic supergroup composed of Kowert, fiddler Brittany Haas, guitarist Jordan Tice, and mandolinist Dominick Leslie.

## Biography

Kowert grew up in Middleton, Wisconsin. He transitioned to playing bass from violin at age 9. He studied under Edgar Meyer at the Curtis Institute of Music, graduating in 2009. While still pursuing his degree at Curtis, Kowert was recruited to join Punch Brothers. Bandmate Chris Thile said of Kowert's arrival, "that’s when the band really became a band." He remained the only non-founding member of the ensemble until Brittany Haas joined in 2023.

## Equipment

Kowert plays a double bass made by luthier Daniel Hachez in 2006 ("Daniel Hachez Bass #28"). Inspired by mentor Edgar Meyer, Kowert plays in an unconventional tuning that combines orchestral tuning and solo tuning. In orchestral (or "standard") tuning, the bass is tuned in ascending fourths from E to G (i.e., E, A, D, G). In solo tuning, the bass is also tuned in fourths but begins a major second above orchestral tuning, running from F# to A (i.e., F#, B, E, A). Kowert's tuning adheres to solo tuning for the instrument's three highest strings but reverts to orchestral tuning for the lowest string (i.e., E, B, E, A). Additionally, Kowert regularly uses a C extension, resulting in an even wider range of pitch (i.e., C, B, E, A).

In addition to his Hachez bass, Kowert regularly plays a Shen SB-180 bass modified by luthier Arnold Schnitzer to include a removable neck. This modification, Kowert claims, has proven indispensable for the demands of touring, particularly with Punch Brothers. "The way we traveled on the Who's Feeling Young Now? tour," Kowert explains, "would not have been possible without this thing."

Since 2021, Kowert exclusively uses a bass made by Nick Lloyd (#55, 2021).

Kowert uses a bow made by Reid Hudson.

## Discography

With Punch Brothers With Mike Marshall's Big Trio With Haas Kowert Tice * *You Got This* (2014)

With Hawktail * *Unless* (2018)
* *Formations* (2020)
* Place Of Growth (2022)

## InfoBox

| Paul Kowert | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1986-07-18) July 18, 1986 |
| Origin | Madison, Wisconsin, US |
| Genres | Classical
Bluegrass
Progressive bluegrass |
| Occupation | Musician |
| Instrument(s) | Double Bass, Mandolin, Guitar, Violin, Piano |
| Years active | 2008-present |
| Labels | Nonesuch Records, Padiddle Records |


title: Food render

abstract: Food render or food rent was a form of tax in kind levied in Anglo-Saxon England, consisting of essential foodstuffs provided by territories such as regiones, multiple estates or hundreds to kings and other members of royal households at a territory's royal vill. The early medieval British Isles lacked the sophisticated trade in essential foodstuffs that had supported the urban economies of Roman Britain, and which would be necessary to support large agriculturally unproductive households remaining static in a single location. Kings and their entourages therefore constantly toured the subdivisions of their kingdoms, staying at networks of royal properties where they could expect to be supported by the territory's inhabitants. In the words of historian Thomas Charles-Edwards: "it made much more sense to take a royal household to the food than the food to the royal household". Food renders were distinct from the tribute that Kings extracted from other subjugated kingdoms. Food renders consisted of the varied range of foodstuffs that constituted a balanced diet and were consumed within the donor's territory. If the King or members of his household did not visit, the donor was freed from his obligations for the year. Kings did not routinely travel through subjugated kingdoms, however, and tribute extracted from such areas often took the form of livestock that could easily be transported to the dominant kingdom. The late 7th century laws of Ine of Wessex list the food render expected of an estate of ten hides as "10 vats of honey, 300 loaves, 12 ambers of Welsh ale, 30 ambers of clear ale, 2 full-grown cows or 10 wethers, 10 geese, 20 hens, 10 cheeses, a full amber of butter, 5 salmon, 20 pounds in weight of fodder, and 100 eels." Grazing would also have been made available for visitors' mounts. Customary food renders in England declined through the twelfth and thirteenth centuries as currency became more readily available. Eel-rents, however, were collected in large numbers at least through the fourteenth century, and in smaller numbers throughout the later Middle Ages. The last active eel rents appear in records from the seventeenth century.

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# Food render

**Food render** or **food rent** (Old English: *foster*) was a form of tax in kind (Old English: *feorm*) levied in Anglo-Saxon England, consisting of essential foodstuffs provided by territories such as *regiones*, multiple estates or hundreds to kings and other members of royal households at a territory's royal vill.

The early medieval British Isles lacked the sophisticated trade in essential foodstuffs that had supported the urban economies of Roman Britain, and which would be necessary to support large agriculturally unproductive households remaining static in a single location. Kings and their entourages therefore constantly toured the subdivisions of their kingdoms, staying at networks of royal properties where they could expect to be supported by the territory's inhabitants. In the words of historian Thomas Charles-Edwards: "it made much more sense to take a royal household to the food than the food to the royal household".

Food renders were distinct from the tribute that Kings extracted from other subjugated kingdoms. Food renders consisted of the varied range of foodstuffs that constituted a balanced diet and were consumed within the donor's territory. If the King or members of his household did not visit, the donor was freed from his obligations for the year. Kings did not routinely travel through subjugated kingdoms, however, and tribute extracted from such areas often took the form of livestock that could easily be transported to the dominant kingdom.

The late 7th century laws of Ine of Wessex list the food render expected of an estate of ten hides as "10 vats of honey, 300 loaves, 12 ambers of Welsh ale, 30 ambers of clear ale, 2 full-grown cows or 10 wethers, 10 geese, 20 hens, 10 cheeses, a full amber of butter, 5 salmon, 20 pounds in weight of fodder, and 100 eels." Grazing would also have been made available for visitors' mounts.

Customary food renders in England declined through the twelfth and thirteenth centuries as currency became more readily available. Eel-rents, however, were collected in large numbers at least through the fourteenth century, and in smaller numbers throughout the later Middle Ages. The last active eel rents appear in records from the seventeenth century.

## Bibliography

* Charles-Edwards, Thomas (1989), "Early medieval kingships in the British Isles", in Bassett, Steven (ed.), *The Origins of Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms*, Leicester: Leicester University Press, pp. 28–39, ISBN 0718513177
* Dyer, Christopher (2001), *Everyday Life in Medieval England*, London: A&C Black, ISBN 0826419828
* Faith, Rosamund (2013), "Feorm", in Lapidge, Michael; Blair, John; Keynes, Simon; et al. (eds.), *The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Anglo-Saxon England*, London: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 186–187, ISBN 978-1118316092, retrieved 2014-06-22
* Greenlee, John Wyatt (n.d.), "English Eel Rents: 10th - 17th Centuries", *Historia Cartarum*, retrieved 17 June 2019
* Lavelle, Ryan (2013), "Ine 70.1 and Royal Provision in Anglo-Saxon Wessex", in Owen-Crocker, Gale R.; Schneider, Brian W. (eds.), *Kingship, Legislation and Power in Anglo-Saxon England*, Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer, pp. 259–274, ISBN 978-1843838777, retrieved 2014-06-22


title: Florida State Road 847

abstract: State Road 847 is a 2.14-mile (3.44 km) state highway along Northwest 47th Avenue in northern Miami-Dade County, Florida, serving the Carol City/Miami Gardens area. It runs from sR 860 north to the Broward County line at Northwest 215th Street, just south of a bridge carrying the Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike (SR 821). There is no signage indicating either terminus of SR 847.

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# Florida State Road 847

**State Road 847** (**SR 847**) is a 2.14-mile (3.44 km) state highway along Northwest 47th Avenue in northern Miami-Dade County, Florida, serving the Carol City/Miami Gardens area. It runs from sR 860 (Miami Gardens Drive) north to the Broward County line at Northwest 215th Street, just south of a bridge carrying the Homestead Extension of Florida's Turnpike (SR 821). There is no signage indicating either terminus of SR 847.

## Route description

State Road 847 begins at an intersection with State Road 860 and NW 47th Avenue, with SR 847 proceeding north through a dense residential area until an intersection with NW 199th Avenue/Honey Hill Drive. At the northwest corner of this intersection is the *Landmark Center* (formerly *Sunland Training Center*), a facility for the education of individuals with developmental and learning disabilities. A commercial development straddles the northeastern end of the intersection, with SR 847 continuing through more spread out residential areas until it crosses a canal, where it parallels a canal for the remainder of its route through undeveloped area to the east and a landfill to the west. at NW 215th Street, just south of the Broward County line.

In Broward County, the road continues with the hidden designation, north as Palm Avenue/SW 101st Avenue through and beyond Miramar, which ends north of State Road 869 (the Sawgrass Expressway) after changing names several times to Coral Ridge Drive and Nob Hill Road.

Northwest 47th Avenue continues south from SR 860 as a locally maintained road, crossing State Road 826 (the Palmetto Expressway), passing Florida Memorial University and ending north of the Opa-locka Airport.

## History

Palm Avenue/SW 101st Avenue in Miramar was once part of SR 847, ending at the border with Pembroke Pines.

## Major intersections

| County | Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Miami-Dade | Miami Gardens | 0.000 | 0.000 | SR 860 (Northwest 183rd Street / Miami Gardens Drive) | Southern terminus |
| | | 0.992 | 1.596 | Northwest 199th Street / Honey Hill Drive (CR 854) - Stadium |  |
| Miami-DadeBroward
county line | Miami GardensMiramar line | 2.144 | 3.450 | Northwest 215th Street / SW 101st Avenue |  |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
 | | | | | |

Template:Attached KML/Florida State Road 847KML is not from Wikidata

## InfoBox

| State Road 847 | |
| --- | --- |
| Northwest 47th Avenue | |
|  | |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by FDOT | |
| Length | 2.144 mi (3.450 km) |
| Major junctions | |
| South end | SR 860 in Miami Gardens |
| North end | Broward County line |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Florida |
| Counties | Miami-Dade |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| SR 845   SR 848 | |


title: Folk-Tales of Bengal

abstract: Folk-Tales of Bengal is a collection of folk tales and fairy tales of Bengal written by Lal Behari Dey. The book was published in 1883. The illustrations by Warwick Goble were added in 1912. All these stories were passed from generation to generation for centuries.

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# Folk-Tales of Bengal

***Folk-Tales of Bengal*** is a collection of folk tales and fairy tales of Bengal written by Lal Behari Dey. The book was published in 1883. The illustrations by Warwick Goble were added in 1912. All these stories were passed from generation to generation for centuries.

## Stories

This list represents the 1912 Contents (page xi) that is displayed in small caps.

1. Life's Secret
2. Phakir Chand
3. The Indigent Brahman
4. The Story of the Rakshasas
5. The Story of Swet-Basanta
6. The Evil Eye of Sani
7. The Boy whom Seven Mothers suckled
8. The Story of Prince Sobur
9. The Origin of Opium
10. Strike but Hear
11. The Adventures of Two Thieves and of their Sons
12. The Ghost-Brahman
13. The Man who wished to be Perfect
14. A Ghostly Wife
15. The Story of a Brahmadaitya
16. The Story of a Hiraman
17. The Origin of Rubies
18. The Match-making Jackal
19. The Boy with the Moon on his Forehead
20. The Ghost who was Afraid of being Bagged
21. The Field of Bones
22. The Bald Wife

## InfoBox

Folk-Tales of Bengal
| Author | Lal Behari Day |
| --- | --- |
| Publication date | 1883 |


title: Forbes Spain

abstract: Forbes Spain is a monthly business magazine which was started in 2013. It is the 25th international edition of American business magazine Forbes. The publisher is SpainMedia, and the founding editor of the magazine was Andrés Rodríguez, chair of the SpainMedia. Forbes Spain is headquartered in Madrid.

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# Forbes Spain

***Forbes Spain*** is a monthly business magazine which was started in 2013. It is the 25th international edition of American business magazine *Forbes*. The publisher is SpainMedia, and the founding editor of the magazine was Andrés Rodríguez, chair of the SpainMedia. *Forbes Spain* is headquartered in Madrid.

## InfoBox

*Forbes Spain*
| Categories | Business magazine |
| --- | --- |
| Frequency | Monthly |
| Publisher | Spainmedia |
| Founded | 2013 |
| Country | Spain |
| Based in | Madrid |
| Language | Spanish |
| Website | forbes.es |
| ISSN | 2255-4769 |
| OCLC | 1001327564 |


title: Forbes Ross MacDonald

abstract: Major Forbes Ross MacDonald, a gentleman in the service of the Nabob of Arcot, was appointed by Governor-general Sir John Shore as superintendent of Prince of Wales Isle to succeed Philip Manington who had resigned due to ill health. MacDonald served from 14 May 1795 to 1799. MacDonald's tour of duty was not a happy one as he was in conflict with the merchants and his own civil servants. This led to his resignation and return to Madras. He died in Madras in May 1799. Although Macdonald did not get along with many people, he nevertheless made his mark with the many transformational improvements he made during his term in office including the construction of the Customs House, Hospital, and Prison. He widened streets and built a new road from town, at the coast, right into the interior of the isle. He ensured that streets and roads in town were clearly marked and had them extended to sixty-five feet wide. He organised the road system so that street intersections were at right angles. Macdonald was trusted and held in high regard by his superiors and had been given supervision of the military force that seized Malacca in 1795. Upon his departure, George Caunter once again took charge as Acting Superintendent as he had done before in 1779 when MacDonald went on leave, and continued until the arrival of Sir George Alexander William Leith in 1800.

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# Forbes Ross MacDonald

Major **Forbes Ross MacDonald** (died 1799), a gentleman in the service of the Nabob of Arcot, was appointed by Governor-general Sir John Shore as superintendent of Prince of Wales Isle to succeed Philip Manington who had resigned due to ill health.

MacDonald served from 14 May 1795 to 1799. MacDonald's tour of duty was not a happy one as he was in conflict with the merchants and his own civil servants. This led to his resignation and return to Madras. He died in Madras in May 1799.

Although Macdonald did not get along with many people, he nevertheless made his mark with the many transformational improvements he made during his term in office including the construction of the Customs House, Hospital, and Prison. He widened streets and built a new road from town, at the coast, right into the interior of the isle. He ensured that streets and roads in town were clearly marked and had them extended to sixty-five feet wide. He organised the road system so that street intersections were at right angles.

Macdonald was trusted and held in high regard by his superiors and had been given supervision of the military force that seized Malacca in 1795.

Upon his departure, George Caunter once again took charge as Acting Superintendent as he had done before in 1779 when MacDonald went on leave, and continued until the arrival of Sir George Alexander William Leith in 1800.


title: Fly Synthesis

abstract: Fly Synthesis S.r.l is an Italian aircraft manufacturer based in Mortegliano. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of carbon fibre ultralight aircraft. Founded in the late 1980s in Gonars, the company produced its first aircraft, the Storch in 1990. The company was sold to new owners, headed by Sonia Felice, in 2000. In 2006 the company moved to its present location, a 3,000 m⁲ (32,000 sq ft) facility at the old military base in Mortegliano.

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# Fly Synthesis

45°58′04″N 13°14′05″E / 45.9677117°N 13.2347673°E / 45.9677117; 13.2347673

**Fly Synthesis S.r.l** is an Italian aircraft manufacturer based in Mortegliano. The company specializes in the design and manufacture of carbon fibre ultralight aircraft.

Founded in the late 1980s in Gonars, the company produced its first aircraft, the Storch in 1990. The company was sold to new owners, headed by Sonia Felice, in 2000. In 2006 the company moved to its present location, a 3,000 m2 (32,000 sq ft) facility at the old military base in Mortegliano.

## Aircraft

|
|  |
**Summary of aircraft built by Fly Synthesis**
| Model name | Introduced | Number built | Type |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Fly Synthesis Catalina** | 2010 |  | high-wing, single engine, amphibious, ultralight aircraft |
| **Fly Synthesis Storch** | 1990 |  | high-wing, single engine ultralight aircraft |
| **Fly Synthesis Syncro** | 2009 |  | high-wing, single engine ultralight aircraft |
| **Fly Synthesis Texan** | 1999 |  | low-wing, single engine ultralight aircraft |
| **Fly Synthesis Wallaby** |  |  | high-wing, single engine ultralight aircraft |
|

## InfoBox

Fly Synthesis
|
|  |
| Company type | Private company |
| Industry | Aerospace |
| Headquarters | Mortegliano, Italy |
| Key people | President: Sonia Felice |
| Products | Ultralight aircraft |
| Website | www.flysynthesis.com |


title: Paul McGinnis

abstract:
Paul McGinnis is an American puppeteer for Sesame Street and The Muppets. He has also performed in various non-Muppet television productions such as The Book of Pooh, Julie's Greenroom, The Wiz Live!, Crash & Bernstein, Crank Yankers, Warren the Ape, Greg the Bunny, It's a Big Big World, Between the Lions and Dog with a Blog.
McGinnis performed on stage in the 2004–2005 Broadway tour of Little Shop of Horrors, as well as Walking with Dinosaurs − The Arena Spectacular. McGinnis also creates his own works of puppetry on YouTube. In September 2017, McGinnis was an additional Muppet performer on The Muppets Take the Bowl live show at the Hollywood Bowl. In July 2018, he was an additional Muppet performer for The Muppets Take the O2 live show at the O2 Arena.

text:
# Paul McGinnis

**Paul McGinnis** (born 1973) is an American puppeteer for *Sesame Street* and The Muppets. He has also performed in various non-Muppet television productions such as *The Book of Pooh*, *Julie's Greenroom*, *The Wiz Live!*, *Crash & Bernstein*, *Crank Yankers*, *Warren the Ape*, *Greg the Bunny*, *It's a Big Big World*, *Between the Lions* and *Dog with a Blog*. McGinnis performed on stage in the 2004–2005 Broadway tour of *Little Shop of Horrors*, as well as *Walking with Dinosaurs − The Arena Spectacular*. McGinnis also creates his own works of puppetry on YouTube. In September 2017, McGinnis was an additional Muppet performer on *The Muppets Take the Bowl* live show at the Hollywood Bowl. In July 2018, he was an additional Muppet performer for *The Muppets Take the O2* live show at the O2 Arena.


title: Pavelló Nou Congost

abstract: Pavelló Nou Congost is an arena in Manresa, Spain, with a capacity of 5,000 spectators. It is primarily used for basketball. It is the home arena of Bàsquet Manresa.

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# Pavelló Nou Congost

41°43′31.20″N 1°48′33.62″E / 41.7253333°N 1.8093389°E / 41.7253333; 1.8093389 **Pavelló Nou Congost** is an arena in Manresa, Spain, with a capacity of 5,000 spectators. It is primarily used for basketball. It is the home arena of Bàsquet Manresa.

## History

It was opened in September 1992 with the celebration of the XIII edition of the Catalan basketball league. The installation replaced the old "Pavelló Congost" that had become obsolete and did not fulfill the regulations of the ACB.

The old "Congost" was opened in 1968 after the promotion of the club to the Liga Nacional. At present, this installation is used for training. Previously in this pavilion the club played their matches on an uncovered track placed beside the football field of the Pujolet.

## InfoBox

Pavelló Nou Congost
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Full name | Pavelló Nou Congost |
| Owner | Town Hall of Manresa |
| Capacity | 5,000 |
| Surface | Parquet Floor |
| Opened | 1992 |
| Tenants | |
| Bàsquet Manresa | |


title: Pavelló Municipal Font de Sant Lluís

abstract: Pavelló Municipal Font de Sant Lluís is an indoor arena that is located in Valencia, Spain. Built in 1983, it is primarily used for basketball games, and it is the home arena of the Spanish Liga ACB club Valencia Basket. The arena has a seating capacity of 9,000 people.

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# Pavelló Municipal Font de Sant Lluís

**Pavelló Municipal Font de Sant Lluís** (Spanish: **Pabellón Municipal Fuente San Luis**, known as ***La Fonteta***) is an indoor arena that is located in Valencia, Spain. Built in 1983, it is primarily used for basketball games, and it is the home arena of the Spanish Liga ACB club Valencia Basket. The arena has a seating capacity of 9,000 people.

## History

La Fonteta was originally built in 1983. Valencia Basket started to play its games in the arena in 1987. The arena was also used as the home arena of the women's basketball team, Ros Casares Valencia, and the futsal team Valencia FS.

On 9 to 11 April 2010, the *Fonteta* hosted the Final Four of the 2009–10 EuroLeague Women season, where Ros Casares Valencia was defeated in the final by Spartak Moscow Region.

In 2016, Valencia Basket financed the renovation of the arena with €500,000, and also installed a new €150,000 center-hung scoreboard.

It will host several group phase matches for the FIBA Women's EuroBasket 2021 with France and the country.

The construction of the Roig Arena, a new court located in the nearby plot used as parking lot for the attendants to La Fonteta, started in June 2020.

1. "Pabellón: Pabellon Municipal Fuente San Luis (9.000 espectadores) {{in lang|es}}". Archived from the original on 2015-08-10. Retrieved 2017-02-18.
2. "Pavelló Font de Sant Lluís". Archived 2016-10-21 at the Wayback Machine deportedevalencia.com. Retrieved 5 March 2016. (in Spanish) **NB**. Valencia Basket Club notes the name as *Pabellón Municipal Fuente de San Luís* in Spanish and as *Pavelló Municipal Font de Sant Lluis* in Valencian. The written name on the outside of the building uses the spelling *(Font de) Sant Lluís*.
3. "Un nuevo videomarcador culmina la reforma interior de la 'Fonteta'" (in Spanish). El Mundo. 23 September 2016. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
4. Presentación remodelación interior y XXIII edición Trofeo Ciutat de València (in Spanish).
5. Burgos, Julián (29 June 2020). "Roig da inicio a las obras del pabellón 'Casal España Arena'". *As*.

## InfoBox

Font de Sant Lluís
| La Fonteta | |
| --- | --- |
| Exterior of Pavelló Municipal Font de Sant Lluís | |
|  | |
| Full name | Pavelló Municipal Font de Sant Lluís |
| Coordinates | 39°27′5.83″N 0°21′58.08″W / 39.4516194°N 0.3661333°W / 39.4516194; -0.3661333 |
| Capacity | 9,000 |
| Surface | Parquet Floor |
| Construction | |
| Opened | 1983 |
| Renovated | 2016 |
| Tenants | |
| Valencia Basket<br>Ros Casares Valencia (until 2012) | |


title: Pawn Shop (album)

abstract: Pawn Shop is the debut studio album by American country music duo Brothers Osborne. It was released on January 15, 2016 via EMI Nashville. It includes the singles "Stay a Little Longer", "21 Summer", and "It Ain't My Fault".

text:
# Pawn Shop (album)

***Pawn Shop*** is the debut studio album by American country music duo Brothers Osborne. It was released on January 15, 2016 via EMI Nashville. It includes the singles "Stay a Little Longer", "21 Summer", and "It Ain't My Fault".

## Content

Both members of the duo (John and T.J. Osborne) co-wrote nearly every song on the album, except "Heart Shaped Locket", on which only TJ was a co-writer. Jay Joyce produced the album except for "Rum" and "Heart Shaped Locket", which the duo produced with Brad Hill. Both "Rum" and "Stay a Little Longer" previously appeared on their self-titled EP, although the latter was re-recorded. "Rum" was originally issued as a single off the EP in 2014, followed by the re-recording of "Stay a Little Longer" as the lead single from *Pawn Shop*. "21 Summer" and "It Ain't My Fault" were the album's second and third singles.

## Critical reception

Rating it 4 out of 5 stars, Allmusic critic Stephen Thomas Erlewine felt that the album's sound combined modern and traditional country influences, staying that "Sanded and varnished though they may be, the pair feel fresh, their chemistry easy and natural, so they pull off their spiffy retroact with style." Jeffrey B. Remz of *Country Standard Time* made note of Southern rock and outlaw country influences in the sound, while also comparing T.J.'s voice to that of Trace Adkins. His review highlighted the lyrics to "It Ain't My Fault" and the instrumentation of "Stay a Little Longer", concluding that there were "no weak songs". Markos Papadatos of *Digital Journal* rated it "A−", calling it "a well-crafted project from start to finish" and praising the songwriting and arrangement of the singles in particular.

## Commercial performance

The album debuted at No. 3 on the Top Country Albums album, and No. 17 on the *Billboard* 200, selling 21,000 copies in its first week. It sold a further 6,100 copies in its second week. The album was certified Gold on November 16, 2017. It has sold 237,100 copies in the US as of October 2019.

## Accolades

| Publication | Accolade | Year | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *American Songwriter* | Top 50 Albums of 2016 | 2016 | 48 |
| *Entertainment Weekly* | The Best Country Albums of 2016 | 2016 | 7 |
| *Rolling Stone* | 40 Best Country Albums of 2016 | 2016 | 7 |
| Uproxx | The 20 Best Country Albums of 2016 | 2016 | 4 |

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Dirt Rich" | John Osborne, TJ Osborne, Barry Dean | 2:51 |
| 2. | "21 Summer" | J. Osborne, TJ Osborne, Craig Wiseman | 3:34 |
| 3. | "Stay a Little Longer" | J. Osborne, TJ Osborne, Shane McAnally | 5:36 |
| 4. | "Pawn Shop" | J. Osborne, TJ Osborne, Sean McConnell | 2:45 |
| 5. | "Rum" | J. Osborne, TJ Osborne, Dean | 3:34 |
| 6. | "Loving Me Back" (featuring Lee Ann Womack) | J. Osborne, TJ Osborne, Casey Beathard | 4:19 |
| 7. | "American Crazy" | J. Osborne, TJ Osborne, Ross Copperman | 2:40 |
| 8. | "Greener Pastures" | J. Osborne, TJ Osborne, Ryan Hurd, Maren Morris | 2:53 |
| 9. | "Down Home" | J. Osborne, TJ Osborne, Jessi Alexander | 3:39 |
| 10. | "Heart Shaped Locket" | TJ Osborne, Lisa Carver, Andi Zack | 3:37 |
| 11. | "It Ain't My Fault" | J. Osborne, TJ Osborne, Lee Thomas Miller | 3:36 |

## Personnel

From *Pawn Shop* liner notes.

Brothers Osborne Additional Musicians Technical * Brad Hill \- producer ("Rum" and "Heart Shaped Locket" only)
* Brothers Osborne - producer ("Rum" and "Heart Shaped Locket" only)
* Jay Joyce - producer (all tracks except "Rum" and "Heart Shaped Locket")

## Chart performance

## Certifications

Certifications for *Pawn Shop*
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| Pawn Shop | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Brothers Osborne | |
| Released | January 15, 2016 (2016-01-15) |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 38:58 |
| Label | EMI Nashville |
| Producer |  |
| Brothers Osborne chronology | |
| *Brothers Osborne*
(2014) ***Pawn Shop***
(2016) *Port Saint Joe*
(2018) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Pawn Shop* | |
| 1. "Stay a Little Longer"
Released: March 10, 2015 2. "21 Summer"
Released: February 29, 2016 3. "It Ain't My Fault"
Released: January 17, 2017 | |
|  | |


title: Forester F.C.

abstract: Forester Football Club is a Thai semi-professional Football Club of Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University based in Bang Khen District, Bangkok, Thailand. The club is currently playing in the Thai Football Division 3.

text:
# Forester F.C.

**Forester Football Club** (Thai ฟอเรสเตอร์ เอฟซี) is a Thai semi-professional Football Club of Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University based in Bang Khen District, Bangkok, Thailand. The club is currently playing in the Thai Football Division 3.

## Record

| Season | League | | | | | | | | | FA Cup | League Cup | Top goalscorer | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Division | P | W | D | L | F | A | Pts | Pos | | | Name | Goals |
| 2016 | DIV 3 Central |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|

| Champions | Runners-up | Promoted | Relegated |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |

## InfoBox

Forester
ฟอเรสเตอร์เอฟซี
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Forester Football Club
ฟอเรสเตอร์เอฟซี |
| Founded | 2007 (2007) |
| Ground | Insi Chandrasatitya Stadium
Bangkok, Thailand |
| League | 2016 Thai Division 3 League Central Region |


title: Paul de Wispelaere

abstract: Paul de Wispelaere was a Flemish writer. Born in Bruges, he attended high school at the Sint-Lodewijkscollege in Bruges, where he graduated in Greek-Latin. He studied Germanic philology at the University of Ghent and obtained a PhD in 1974. De Wispelaere started his professional career at the school for teachers in Bruges, and from 1972 until 1992 he lectured in Dutch literature at the University of Antwerp. He made his literary debut with stories which were published in magazines. He wrote contributions to Dietsche Warande en Belfort, De Tafelronde, Diagram, Komma, Nieuw Vlaams Tijdschrift, Het Vaderland, De Vlaamse Gids, Kunst van Nu, Nieuw Wereldtijdschrift, and Literatuur'. His autobiographically prose is related to the French nouveau roman, as in Scherzando ma non tropo (1959) and Mijn levende schaduw (1965).

text:
# Paul de Wispelaere

**Paul de Wispelaere** (4 July 1928 – 2 December 2016) was a Flemish writer.

Born in Bruges, he attended high school at the *Sint-Lodewijkscollege* in Bruges, where he graduated in Greek-Latin. He studied Germanic philology at the University of Ghent and obtained a PhD in 1974. De Wispelaere started his professional career at the school for teachers in Bruges, and from 1972 until 1992 he lectured in Dutch literature at the University of Antwerp.

He made his literary debut with stories which were published in magazines. He wrote contributions to *Dietsche Warande en Belfort*, *De Tafelronde*, *Diagram*, *Komma*, *Nieuw Vlaams Tijdschrift*, *Het Vaderland*, *De Vlaamse Gids*, *Kunst van Nu*, *Nieuw Wereldtijdschrift*, and *Literatuur'*. His autobiographically prose is related to the French nouveau roman, as in *Scherzando ma non tropo* (1959) and *Mijn levende schaduw* (E: My living shadow) (1965).

## Bibliography

* Fantasia (short story, 1954)
* Lautering (short story, 1954)
* Lea (short story, 1954)
* De verukkelijke glimlach (short story, 1955)
* De andere man (short story, 1956)
* Viviane (short story, 1956)
* Het examen (short story, 1956)
* Scherzando ma non tropo (novel, 1959)
* Het short story van Bérénica (short story, 1960)
* Victor J. Brunclair (essay, 1960)
* Hendrik Marsman (essay, 1961)
* Een eiland worden (novel, 1963)
* Mijn levende schaduw (novel, 1965)
* Literatuur als therapie en mythe (essay, 1965)
* Dagboekfragmenten (diary, 1966)
* Het Perzisch tapijt (essay, 1966)
* Het vat der Danaïden (essay, 1967)
* Met kritisch oog (critiques, 1967)
* Facettenoog (kritieken, 1968)
* Drie realistische fabels van Sybren Polet (essay, 1968)
* René Gysen of het gevecht met de realiteit (essay, 1970)
* Paul-tegenpaul 1969-1970 (dagboek, 1970)
* Een Vlaming bekijkt Nederland (essay, 1972)
* Karel Van de Woestijne. De boer die sterft en andere verhalen (anthology, 1973)
* Jef Geeraerts (essay, 1973)
* Het proza 1966-1971 (essay, 1973)
* Jan Walraevens (essay, 1974)
* Louis Paul Boon, tedere anarchist (essay, 1976)
* Een dag op het land (novel, 1976)
* Wereld in teksten 1 t/m 6 (anthology, 1973–1977)
* Tussen tuin en wereld (novel, 1979)
* Mijn huis is nergens meer (novel, 1982)
* Ivo Michiels. Het afscheid (essay, 1982)
* Indruk 83. Wat schrijvers schrijven (anthology, 1982)
* Vlaamse verhalen na 1965 (anthology, 1984)
* Brieven uit Nergenshuizen (novel, 1987)
* De broek van Sartre en andere essays (essays, 1987)
* Het verkoolde alfabet (diary, 1992)
* Tekst en context (essay, 1992)
* Bar en bizar. Ontsluierde geheimen (anthology, 1993)
* En de liefste dingen nog verder (novel, 1998)
* Herman De Coninck. Het proza (2 delen, anthology, 2000)
* Het land van de mosseleters. 150 jaar Vlaamse vertelkunst (anthology, 2002)

## Awards

## Sources


title: Focal adhesion targeting region

abstract: In structural and cell biology, the focal adhesion targeting domain is a conserved protein domain that was first identified in focal adhesion kinase (FAK), also known as PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2). Focal adhesions are multi-protein intracellular signalling complexes that link the cellular actin microfilament cytoskeleton, through the cell membrane via transmembrane integrin proteins, to the extracellular matrix. Focal adhesions form and dissipate as cells attach and detach from matrix during cell adhesion and cell migration. The FAK focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domain is a C-terminal region necessary and sufficient for localizing FAK to focal adhesions, allowing FAK to regulate cell adhesion and migration by localizing its protein kinase activity at the junction of internal cytoskeleton and external cell attachment points. The crystal structure of FAT shows it to form a four-helix bundle that binds specifically to Leucine-Aspartate (LD)-repeat motif peptides in the related focal adhesion proteins paxillin (PXN), leupaxin (LPXN) and TGFB1I1/Hic-5. FAT domains with a similar 4-helix bundle structure are also found in other proteins that localize to paxillin-containing focal adhesions and are involved in cell adhesion and migration, including the FAK-related protein kinase PTK2B/FAK2/PYK2, and alpha-catenin, vinculin, Programmed cell death protein 10 (PDCD10)/Cerebral Cavernous Malformation protein 3 (CCM3) and GIT1/GIT2.

text:
# Focal adhesion targeting region

In structural and cell biology, the **focal adhesion targeting domain** is a conserved protein domain that was first identified in focal adhesion kinase (FAK), also known as PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2).

Focal adhesions are multi-protein intracellular signalling complexes that link the cellular actin microfilament cytoskeleton, through the cell membrane via transmembrane integrin proteins, to the extracellular matrix. Focal adhesions form and dissipate as cells attach and detach from matrix during cell adhesion and cell migration.

The FAK focal adhesion targeting (FAT) domain is a C-terminal region necessary and sufficient for localizing FAK to focal adhesions, allowing FAK to regulate cell adhesion and migration by localizing its protein kinase activity at the junction of internal cytoskeleton and external cell attachment points. The crystal structure of FAT shows it to form a four-helix bundle that binds specifically to Leucine-Aspartate (LD)-repeat motif peptides in the related focal adhesion proteins paxillin (PXN), leupaxin (LPXN) and TGFB1I1/Hic-5.

FAT domains with a similar 4-helix bundle structure are also found in other proteins that localize to paxillin-containing focal adhesions and are involved in cell adhesion and migration, including the FAK-related protein kinase PTK2B/FAK2/PYK2, and alpha-catenin, vinculin, Programmed cell death protein 10 (PDCD10)/Cerebral Cavernous Malformation protein 3 (CCM3) and GIT1/GIT2.

Eukaryotic Linear Motif resource motif class LIG\_FAT\_LD\_1

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR005189

## InfoBox

| Focal adhesion targeting domain | |
| --- | --- |
| Crystal structure of the FAT domain of Focal Adhesion Kinase | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | Focal\_AT |
| Pfam | PF03623 |
| InterPro | IPR005189 |
| SCOP2 | 1ktm / SCOPe / SUPFAM |
| Available protein structures:  Pfam structures / ECOD  PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj  PDBsum structure summary | |


title: Long Range Patrol Vehicle

abstract: The Long Range Patrol Vehicle (LRPV) is a 6x6 patrol vehicle that was used by the Australian Special Air Service Regiment (SASR) in Afghanistan and Iraq.

text:
# Long Range Patrol Vehicle

The **Long Range Patrol Vehicle** (LRPV) is a 6x6 patrol vehicle that was used by the Australian Special Air Service Regiment (SASR) in Afghanistan and Iraq.

## Design

The SASR's first long ranged patrol vehicles were modified Series II Land Rovers. They were developed in the early 1970s and used in exercises in northern Western Australia from 1973.

The LRPV was developed from the six-wheel drive variant of the Australian Army's Land Rover Perentie design in the late 1980s. The design was intended to be used by the SASR to patrol remote regions of Australia. The LRPV is mechanically simple, and relatively easy to maintain in the field. It has a crew of three.

The LRPV is fitted with a central ring mount, which can be fitted with either a M2 Browning heavy machine gun or a Mk 19 automatic grenade launcher (AGL).

A MAG 58 medium machine gun is also commonly fitted in front of the passenger's (left-hand) seat. In addition, LRPVs can also carry a Suzuki DRZ 250cc motorbike on their tailgate to be used for scouting purposes.

## Service history

The LRPV deployed to Kuwait in 1998 for Operation Desert Thunder, and first saw combat as part of the Australian contribution to the War in Afghanistan, Operation Slipper and later in Iraq in Operation Falconer.

The SASR's 1 Squadron arrived in Afghanistan in November 2001, and rapidly sent LRPV-mounted patrols hundreds of kilometers from their base at Camp Rhino. In his history of the SASR's early operations in Afghanistan, journalist Ian McPhedran wrote that the "Australian-designed LRPVs would prove ideal in the harsh Afghan environment, as they could stay on patrol for weeks on end without needing to return to base".

On 16 February 2002 SASR Sergeant Andrew Russell was killed when the LRPV he was travelling in struck a mine during an operation in the Helmand Valley. This was the first Australian fatality of the war, and Russell was the first member of the SASR to have been killed in action since the Vietnam War. The two other members of the vehicle's crew were wounded in this incident, and the LRPV was destroyed. As a result of this incident, all of the remaining LRPVs were fitted with a "Survival Enhancement Kit", which consisted of armour plating beneath the vehicle and shock-absorbent seats.

In 2003, the SASR's 1 Squadron were one of the first special forces units to enter Iraq in the invasion, entering from Jordan, consisting of two troops with LRPVs crossing the border entering the western desert and a third troop with LRPVs inserted by U.S. helicopters over the border. Western Iraq had been divided into areas to patrol between the U.S. 5th Special Forces Group, the UK Special Air Service and the SASR. The SASR was equipped with FIM-92 Stinger Man-Portable Air-Defence Systems. The two troops who crossed the border conducted one of the first engagements of the war and the third troop inserted by helicopter was for several days the closest coalition element to Baghdad. The SASR also used the 2nd Commando Regiment vehicle designated the Surveillance Reconnaissance Vehicle (SRV) to supplement LRPV patrols. The SRV is a Land Rover Perentie 4x4 fitted with the same ring mount as the LRPV in the rear to enable the fitting of a M2 Browning machine gun or Mk 19 grenade launcher. It also has a passenger side front seat weapon mount for the MAG 58 machine gun.

The LRPV was later in the Afghanistan campaign, after Australia returned in 2006, patrolling regularly with the SRV, the Australian made Bushmaster armoured vehicle as well as Polaris six-wheel all-terrain vehicles, which could be fitted with a MAG 58 machine gun, and carry a M3 Carl Gustav recoilless rifle.

Coalition Special Operations had been using vehicles with the latest armour protected vehicle hull for many years, since 2003 the UK Special Air Service had been using the Supacat HMT 400 in Afghanistan and the same vehicle entered service with the US 1st Special Forces Operational Detachment-Delta in Afghanistan in 2004.

In 2008, the Bushmaster became the primary combat vehicle favoured over the LRPV.

In August 2008, Australia placed an order for 31 of the latest Supacat HMT vehicles, the Extenda configurable between 4x4 and 6x6, named the "Nary" for use in Afghanistan to replace the LRPVs for a cost of $80 million. The project to introduce these vehicles into service was delayed by three years due to problems integrating different systems onto the vehicles, but they reached their 'final operating capability' on 28 June 2012. Several Nary vehicles were deployed to Afghanistan.

Citations Works consulted * Bonner, Stuart; Macklin, Robert (2014). *Redback One: Explosive Action in East Timor, Iraq and Afghanistan: The True Story of an Australian SAS Hero*. Sydney, New South Wales: Hachette Australia. ISBN 9780733630606.
* Connors, Shaun (9 April 2014). "Briefing: Wheels of the Elite" (PDF). *Jane's Defence Weekly*. **51** (20). ISSN 0265-3818. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 18 May 2016.
* Horner, David; Thomas, Neil (2009). *In Action with the SAS*. Crows Nest, NSW: Allen & Unwin. ISBN 9781741755527.
* McPhedran, Ian (2005). *The Amazing SAS: The Inside Story of Australia's Special Forces*. Pymble, NSW: HarperCollins. ISBN 073227981X.
* Neville, Leigh (2011). *Special Operations Patrol Vehicles: Afghanistan and Iraq*. New Vanguard. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 9781849081870.
* Slocombe, Geoff (November 2012). "Project Redfin – Special Operations Mobility and Information Environment Upgrades". *Asia Pacific Defence Reporter*. **38** (9): 10–12. ISSN 1446-6880.

## InfoBox

| Long Range Patrol Vehicle | |
| --- | --- |
| A Long Range Patrol Vehicle on display at the Australian Defence Force Academy | |
| Type | Special Operations Vehicle |
| Place of origin | Australia |
| Service history | |
| In service | Late 1980s–current |
| Used by | Special Air Service Regiment |
| Wars |  |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 4840 kg |
| Crew | 3 |
| --- | |
| Main
armament | M2 Browning machine gun or Mk 19 grenade launcher |
| Secondary
armament | MAG 58 machine gun |
| Engine | Isuzu turbo diesel
90 kW (120.69 hp) |
| Power/weight | 3000rpm and 253 Nm of torque at 2500 rpm |
| Operational
range | 1,600 km (994.19 mi) |
| Maximum speed | 59 mph (94.95 km/h) |
| Steering
system | Adwest power steering |


title: North Pulaski High School

abstract: North Pulaski High School was a public secondary school located in Jacksonville, Arkansas and served students in grades 9 through 12. North Pulaski was administered by the Pulaski County Special School District. Since 1979, North Pulaski has been accredited by the AdvancED. North Pulaski was merged with Jacksonville High School in 2016 as a part of the Jacksonville North Pulaski School District.

text:
# North Pulaski High School

**North Pulaski High School** was a public secondary school located in Jacksonville, Arkansas and served students in grades 9 through 12. North Pulaski was administered by the Pulaski County Special School District. Since 1979, North Pulaski has been accredited by the AdvancED. North Pulaski was merged with Jacksonville High School in 2016 as a part of the Jacksonville North Pulaski School District.

## Academics

The assumed course of study for students follows the Smart Core curriculum developed by the Arkansas Department of Education (ADE), which requires students complete 22 units with 16 core and 6 career focus and elective units. Students complete regular (core and career focus) courses and exams and may select Advanced Placement (AP) coursework and exams that provide an opportunity for college credit.

### Awards and recognition

North Pulaski maintains a student-run *Simply Delicious* restaurant as part of the school's culinary arts program. NPHS is a member of the National Restaurant Association Educational Foundation (NRAEF) that sponsors ProStart®, which is a nationwide, two-year high school program that unites the classroom and industry to develop students into restaurant and foodservice leaders. Students may qualify for the ProStart National Certificate of Achievement (COA) and compete in the state's ProStart competitions in two categories: restaurant management and culinary arts. In 2013, North Pulaski won both and represented Arkansas at the National ProStart Invitational competition.

## Creative and performing arts

The school band programs performed at various competitions including invitationals and regional assessments administered by the Arkansas School Band and Orchestra Association (ASBOA). The North Pulaski High School Band was a 23-time consecutive winner of the ASBOA Sweepstakes Award, which denotes 1st Division ratings in sight-reading, concert band composite and marching band composite scoring. In addition, the marching band was awarded the 1991 Sweepstakes Winner at Worlds of Fun Music Festival in Kansas City, Missouri; the 1994 Best in Class at North American Music Festival in Atlanta, Georgia and the Arkansas representative in the 1997, 2000, and 2003 National Independence Day Parade in Washington, DC. The choral program at North Pulaski continuously scored First Division ratings at evaluative festivals, and placed large numbers of students in the Region and State choirs.

In 2012, Karen Dismuke received the Arkansas Bandmaster of the Year award.

The Drama and Competitive Speech program at North Pulaski was competitive and became one of the charter chapters of the Arkansas District of the National Forensic League (speech and debate honor society). North Pulaski won Sweepstake awards at statewide tournaments and produced two mainstage productions a year. North Pulaski was known for its Performing Arts Department offering classes in Drama, Stagecraft, and Competitive Speaking.

## Athletics

The North Pulaski High School mascot is the falcon and maroon and gold are the school colors. For 2012-14, the North Pulaski Falcons compete in the 7A Central Conference administered by the Arkansas Activities Association (AAA) in several interscholastic athletic activities including: football, cross country (boys and girls), baseball, basketball (boys and girls), track & field (boys and girls), wrestling, volleyball (girls), and soccer.

The 5A-Central Conference members (2012–14) include:

At the 2007 homecoming game against the Greene County Tech Eagles, the Falcon football team snapped its 32-game losing streak it had since September 2004 scoring 56-6.

The North Pulaski wrestling team under the direction of Coach Mongno and basketball teams under the guidance of Raymond Cooper were state runners up in the 2008-2009 school year.

## InfoBox

| North Pulaski High School | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
|  | |
| Jacksonville, Arkansas
United States | |
| Coordinates | 34°53′0.6″N 92°9′34.2″W / 34.883500°N 92.159500°W / 34.883500; -92.159500 |
| Information | |
| Type | Public secondary |
| Established | 1977 (1977) |
| School district | Pulaski County Special School District |
| NCES District ID | 0511850 |
| CEEB code | 041227 |
| NCES School ID | 051185000932 |
| Principal | Jeff Senn |
| Faculty | 61.04 (on FTE basis) |
| Grades | 9-12 |
| Enrollment | 820 (2010-11) |
| Student to teacher ratio | 13.43 |
| Color(s) | Maroon and gold
 |
| Athletics conference | 5A Central (2012-2014)
5A Southeast (2008-2012) |
| Mascot | Falcon |
| Team name | North Pulaski Falcons |
| Rivals | Jacksonville High (Red Devils)
Sylvan Hills (Bears) |
| Yearbook | *The Falcon* |


title: Honda Miyakoda Soccer Stadium

abstract: Honda Miyakoda Soccer Stadium is a stadium located in Hamana-ku, Hamamatsu. It is owned by the Honda Motor Company and is the home ground of Honda F.C. in the Japan Football League. The stadium has a capacity for 2,506 spectators.

text:
# Honda Miyakoda Soccer Stadium

**Honda Miyakoda Soccer Stadium** is a stadium located in Hamana-ku, Hamamatsu. It is owned by the Honda Motor Company and is the home ground of Honda F.C. in the Japan Football League. The stadium has a capacity for 2,506 spectators.

34°48′38.3″N 137°43′20.6″E / 34.810639°N 137.722389°E / 34.810639; 137.722389

## InfoBox

Honda Miyakoda Soccer Stadium
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Hamana-ku, Hamamatsu, Japan |
| Owner | Honda Motor Company |
| Capacity | 2,506 |
| Surface | Grass |
| Opened | 1996 |
| Tenants | |
| Honda F.C. (Japan Football League) | |


title: Forestiera segregata

abstract: Forestiera segregata is a species of flowering plant in the olive family known by the common names Florida privet, Florida swampprivet, and southern privet. It is native to the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles, including Puerto Rico and the Cayman Islands, the Lesser Antilles, including Anguilla, and Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina in the United States. This plant is a shrub or small tree growing up to three to seven meters tall. The gray or brownish twigs have lenticels. The leaves are widely lance-shaped, oval, or spatula-shaped with narrowed bases. They are up to 5 to 7 centimeters long. The plant is evergreen or deciduous. The flowers are small and greenish yellow in color. They are pollinated by insects. The fruit is a black or bluish drupe up to a centimeter long. It stains cloth and skin and is bad-tasting. There are two varieties of this species: the more common var. segregata and the less common var. pinetorum, which occurs in Florida, Georgia, and the Bahamas. This species is used in cultivation as a hedge which is easily clipped into shape.

text:
# Forestiera segregata

***Forestiera segregata*** is a species of flowering plant in the olive family known by the common names **Florida privet**, **Florida swampprivet**, and **southern privet**. It is native to the Bahamas, the Greater Antilles, including Puerto Rico and the Cayman Islands, the Lesser Antilles, including Anguilla, and Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina in the United States.

This plant is a shrub or small tree growing up to three to seven meters tall. The gray or brownish twigs have lenticels. The leaves are widely lance-shaped, oval, or spatula-shaped with narrowed bases. They are up to 5 to 7 centimeters long. The plant is evergreen or deciduous. The flowers are small and greenish yellow in color. They are pollinated by insects. The fruit is a black or bluish drupe up to a centimeter long. It stains cloth and skin and is bad-tasting.

There are two varieties of this species: the more common var. *segregata* and the less common var. *pinetorum*, which occurs in Florida, Georgia, and the Bahamas.

This species is used in cultivation as a hedge which is easily clipped into shape.

## InfoBox

| *Forestiera segregata* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
|
Apparently Secure  (NatureServe) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Oleaceae |
| Genus: | *Forestiera* |
| Species: | ***F. segregata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Forestiera segregata***
(Jacq.) Krug & Urb. | |
|


title: Metagyrinus

abstract:
Metagyrinus is a genus of beetles in the family Gyrinidae, containing the following species:
  - Metagyrinus arrowi
  - Metagyrinus sinensis
  - Metagyrinus vitalisi

text:
# Metagyrinus

***Metagyrinus*** is a genus of beetles in the family Gyrinidae, containing the following species:

## InfoBox

| *Metagyrinus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Gyrinidae |
| Subfamily: | Gyrininae |
| Tribe: | Gyrinini |
| Genus: | *Metagyrinus*<br>Brinck, 1955 |
|


title: Mytilaster

abstract: Mytilaster is a genus of marine mussels from the warmer waters of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Basin. The type species is Mytilaster lineatus.

text:
# Mytilaster

***Mytilaster*** is a genus of marine mussels from the warmer waters of the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Basin. The type species is *Mytilaster lineatus*.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Mytilaster* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Mytilaster lineatus* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Bivalvia |
| Order: | Mytilida |
| Family: | Mytilidae |
| Genus: | *Mytilaster*
Monterosato, 1884 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Mytilaster lineatus*
(Gmelin, 1791) | |
| Synonyms | |
| *Mytilodonta* Coen, 1935 | |


title: My Love of This Land

abstract: "My Love of This Land" is Killing Joke's second single from their seventh studio album, Outside the Gate. It was released by E.G. Records on 3 July 1988. "My Love of this Land" reached No. 89 on the UK Singles Chart.

text:
# My Love of This Land

"**My Love of This Land**" is Killing Joke's second single from their seventh studio album, *Outside the Gate*. It was released by E.G. Records on 3 July 1988.

"My Love of this Land" reached No. 89 on the UK Singles Chart.

## Releases

"My Love of This Land" was first released as a 7" single, backed by B-side "Darkness Before Dawn" (previously from the album *Night Time*). "My Love of This Land" was then released as a 10" single in the UK, featuring a remix of the song by Glenn Skinner on the A-side, along with "Darkness Before Dawn", and "Follow the Leaders-Dub" and "Sun Goes Down" on the B-side. A third release of the single as a 12" featured the same A-side as the 10" release, while the B-side included a live version of "Pssyche" with "Follow the Leaders-Dub".

## Track listings

### 7" single

Side A 1. "My Love of This Land" – 04:14

Side B 1. "Darkness Before Dawn" – 05:18

### 10" single

Side A 1. "My Love of This Land" – 03:58
2. "Darkness Before Dawn" – 05:18

Side B 1. "Follow the Leaders-Dub" – 04:00
2. "Sun Goes Down" – 04:19

### 12" single

Side A 1. "My Love of This Land" – 03:58
2. "Darkness Before Dawn" – 05:18

Side B 1. "Follow the Leaders-Dub" – 04:00
2. "Pssyche (Live)" – 04:38

### Track listings notes

## Charts

| Year | Chart | Peak
Position |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1988 | UK Singles Chart | 89 |

1. "My Love of this Land". "Discogs. Retrieved 14 November 2009.
2. Chart Stats – Killing Joke. OfficialCharts.com. Retrieved on 2010-07-05

## InfoBox

| "My Love of This Land" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Killing Joke | |
| from the album  *Outside the Gate* | |
| A-side | "My Love of this Land" |
| B-side | "Darkness Before Dawn" |
| Released | 3 July 1988 (3 July 1988) |
| Genre | Synth-pop, new wave |
| Length | 9:32 |
| Label | E.G. Records |
| Songwriter(s) | Jaz Coleman
Kevin "Geordie" Walker |
| Producer(s) | Jaz Coleman
Kevin "Geordie" Walker |
| Killing Joke singles chronology | |
| "America"
(1988) "**My Love of This Land**"
(1988) "The Beautiful Dead"
(1990) | |
|  | |
| 10" single release | |
|  | |
| *My Love of This Land Side A Inner Sleeve* | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Yeşilova, Aksaray

abstract: Yeşilova is a town (belde) and municipality in the Aksaray District, Aksaray Province, Turkey. Its population is 3,917 (2021). At 38°24′N 33°50′E it is 18 kilometres (11 mi) to Aksaray. The settlement was founded in 1517 by a small Turkmen clan from Iran. Iran is also known as Acem and the settlement was named accordingly. The mound near the settlement was named as Acemhöyük, which is now thought to be the tumulus of Purushanda an ancient settlement. In 1928 Yeşilova was declared a township.

text:
# Yeşilova, Aksaray

**Yeşilova** (former *Acem*) is a town (*belde*) and municipality in the Aksaray District, Aksaray Province, Turkey. Its population is 3,917 (2021). At 38°24′N 33°50′E / 38.400°N 33.833°E / 38.400; 33.833 it is 18 kilometres (11 mi) to Aksaray. The settlement was founded in 1517 by a small Turkmen clan from Iran. Iran is also known as *Acem* and the settlement was named accordingly. The mound near the settlement was named as *Acemhöyük*, which is now thought to be the tumulus of Purushanda an ancient settlement. In 1928 Yeşilova was declared a township.

## InfoBox

| Yeşilova Acem | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
| YeşilovaLocation in TurkeyYeşilovaYeşilova (Turkey Central Anatolia) | |
| Coordinates: 38°24′N 33°50′E / 38.400°N 33.833°E / 38.400; 33.833 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Aksaray |
| District | Aksaray |
| Elevation | 1,055 m (3,461 ft) |
| Population (2021) | 3,917 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Postal code | 68180 |
| Area code | 0382 |


title: Yeşilova, Gölbaşı

abstract: Yeşilova is a village in the Gölbaşı District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. Its population is 571 (2021).

text:
# Yeşilova, Gölbaşı

**Yeşilova** is a village in the Gölbaşı District, Adıyaman Province, Turkey. Its population is 571 (2021).

## InfoBox

| Yeşilova | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| YeşilovaLocation in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 37°43′12″N 37°28′41″E / 37.720°N 37.478°E / 37.720; 37.478 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Adıyaman |
| District | Gölbaşı |
| Population (2021) | 571 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |


title: Yeşiloba, Musabeyli

abstract: Yeşiloba, historically Harsik, is a village in the Musabeyli District, Kilis Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 149 in 2022. In late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of 10 houses inhabited by Turks.

text:
# Yeşiloba, Musabeyli

**Yeşiloba**, historically **Harsik**, is a village in the Musabeyli District, Kilis Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 149 in 2022.

In late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of 10 houses inhabited by Turks.

## InfoBox

| Yeşiloba | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| YeşilobaLocation in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 36°54′11″N 37°3′54″E / 36.90306°N 37.06500°E / 36.90306; 37.06500 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Kilis |
| District | Musabeyli |
| Population (2022) | 149 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |


title: Mycetophagus obsoletus

abstract: Mycetophagus obsoletus is a species of hairy fungus beetle in the family Mycetophagidae. It is found in North America.

text:
# Mycetophagus obsoletus

***Mycetophagus obsoletus*** is a species of hairy fungus beetle in the family Mycetophagidae. It is found in North America.

## InfoBox

| *Mycetophagus obsoletus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mycetophagidae |
| Genus: | *Mycetophagus* |
| Species: | ***M. obsoletus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mycetophagus obsoletus***<br>(Melsheimer, 1844) | |
|


abstract: The men's association football tournament at the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games will be held in Réunion. The competition format will be determined based upon the number of teams entering the competition. Each team will have up to 20 players. If more than four teams enter there will be two Groups; A and B. Réunion, the representative team of the host will be placed in Group A and Seychelles, the winner of the 2011 edition will be placed in Group B.

text:
# Football at the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games

The men's association football tournament at the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games (French: *Jeux des îles de l'océan Indien 2015*) will be held in Réunion.

The competition format will be determined based upon the number of teams entering the competition. Each team will have up to 20 players.

If more than four teams enter there will be two Groups; A and B. Réunion, the representative team of the host will be placed in Group A and Seychelles, the winner of the 2011 edition will be placed in Group B.

## Venues

Six football stadiums will host matches of the Football competition

## Men's tournament

## Women's tournament

## InfoBox

2015 Football at the Indian Ocean Island Games
| Jeux des îles de l'océan Indien | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Tournament details | |
| Host country | Réunion |
| Dates | 1–8 August 2015 |
| Teams | (from 2 confederations) |
|


title: Nuclearia

abstract:
Nuclearia is a genus of nucleariid amoebae with filose pseudopodia and discoid mitochondrial cristae. Nominal species treated as members of the genus include:
  - Astrodisculus affinis Schouteden 1905
  - Astrodisculus araneiformis Schewiakoff 1893
  - Astrodisculus laciniatus Penard 1904 [Chlamydaster lacinatus Rainer 1968]
  - Astrodisculus marinus Kufferath 1952
  - Astrodisculus minutus Greeff 1869
  - Heliophrys variabilis
  - Nuclearina similis
  - N. amphizonellae Penard 1917
  - N. conspicua West 1903
  - Nuclearia delicatula Cienkowsky 1865
  - N. lohmanni Kufferath 1952
  - N. pseudotenelloides
  - N. flavescens Patterson 1984 [Astrodisculus flavescens Greeff 1869]
  - N. flavocapsulata Patterson 1984 [Astrodisculus flavocapsulata Greeff 1869; Astrodisculus penari Roskin 1929; Astrodisculus serratus Walton 1930; Heliosphaerium polyedricum Frenzel 1897]
  - N. leuckarti Patterson 1984 [Nuclearina leuckarti Frenzel 1897]
  - N. moebiusi Frenzel 1897
  - N. pattersoni Dyková et al. 2003
  - N. polypodia Schewiakoff 1863
  - N. radians Patterson 1984 [Astrodisculus radians Greeff 1869 sensu Penard 1904 non Stern 1924; Nucleosphaerium radians; Nucleosphaerium tuckeri Cann & Page 1979; Heliosphaerium aster Frenzel 1897; Heliophrys varians West]
  - N. simplex Cienkowsky 1865 [Nuclearella variabilis Frenzel 1897]
  - N. thermophila Yoshida, Nakayama & Inouye 2009
  - N. rubra Patterson 1984 [Astrodisculus rubra Greeff 1869; Astrodisculus zonatus Penard 1904; Nuclearia caulescens Penard 1903: pro parte; Nuclearia zonatus Siemensma 1981] The type species is Nuclearia delicatula, which may adopt a spherical or a flattened body form. There is considerable uncertainty as to the identity of species and genera, and this led to the inclusion in Nuclearia of taxa previously assigned to Astrodisculus, Nuclearella, Nuclearina, Heliosphaerium and Nucleosphaerium, and the diversity rendered to 9 clearly distinguishable species with the affinities of Astrodisculus araneiformis, A. minuta and A. marinus remaining unclear

text:
# Nuclearia

*Nuclearia* is a genus of nucleariid amoebae with filose pseudopodia and discoid mitochondrial cristae.

Nominal species treated as members of the genus include:

* *Astrodisculus affinis* Schouteden 1905
* *Astrodisculus araneiformis* Schewiakoff 1893
* *Astrodisculus laciniatus* Penard 1904 \[*Chlamydaster lacinatus* (Penard 1904) Rainer 1968\]
* *Astrodisculus marinus* Kufferath 1952
* *Astrodisculus minutus* Greeff 1869
* *Heliophrys variabilis*
* *Nuclearina similis*
* *N. amphizonellae* Penard 1917
* *N. conspicua* West 1903
* *Nuclearia delicatula* Cienkowsky 1865
* *N. lohmanni* Kufferath 1952
* *N. pseudotenelloides*
* *N. flavescens* (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 \[*Astrodisculus flavescens* Greeff 1869\]
* *N. flavocapsulata* (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 \[*Astrodisculus flavocapsulata* Greeff 1869; *Astrodisculus penari* Roskin 1929; *Astrodisculus serratus* Walton 1930; *Heliosphaerium polyedricum* Frenzel 1897\]
* *N. leuckarti* (Frenzel 1897) Patterson 1984 \[*Nuclearina leuckarti* Frenzel 1897\]
* *N. moebiusi* Frenzel 1897
* *N. pattersoni* Dyková et al. 2003
* *N. polypodia* Schewiakoff 1863
* *N. radians* (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 \[*Astrodisculus radians* Greeff 1869 sensu Penard 1904 non Stern 1924; *Nucleosphaerium radians* (Greef 1869); *Nucleosphaerium tuckeri* Cann & Page 1979; *Heliosphaerium aster* Frenzel 1897; *Heliophrys varians* West\]
* *N. simplex* Cienkowsky 1865 \[*Nuclearella variabilis* Frenzel 1897\]
* *N. thermophila* Yoshida, Nakayama & Inouye 2009
* *N. rubra* (Greef 1869) Patterson 1984 \[*Astrodisculus rubra* Greeff 1869; *Astrodisculus zonatus* Penard 1904; *Nuclearia caulescens* Penard 1903: pro parte; *Nuclearia zonatus* (Penard 1904) Siemensma 1981\]

The type species is *Nuclearia delicatula*, which may adopt a spherical or a flattened body form.

There is considerable uncertainty as to the identity of species and genera, and this led to the inclusion in *Nuclearia* of taxa previously assigned to *Astrodisculus*, *Nuclearella*, *Nuclearina*, *Heliosphaerium* and *Nucleosphaerium*, and the diversity rendered to 9 clearly distinguishable species with the affinities of *Astrodisculus araneiformis*, *A. minuta* and *A. marinus* remaining unclear

## InfoBox

| *Nuclearia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Nuclearia thermophila* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| (unranked): | Opisthokonta |
| (unranked): | Holomycota |
| Class: | Cristidiscoidea |
| Order: | Nucleariida |
| Family: | Nucleariidae |
| Genus: | ***Nuclearia***
Cienkowsky, 1865 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Nuclearia simplex*
Cienkowsky 1865 | |
| Species | |
| See text | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Astrodisculus* Greeff 1869 * *Heliosphaerium* Frenzel 1897 * *Nuclearella* Frenzel 1897 * *Nuclearina* Frenzel 1897 * *Nucleosphaerium* Cann & Page 1979 | |


title: Lord Howe parakeet

abstract: The Lord Howe parakeet, also known as the Lord Howe red-fronted parakeet, is an extinct parrot endemic to Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea, part of New South Wales, Australia. It was described as full species by Tommaso Salvadori in 1891, but subsequently it has been regarded as subspecies of the red-crowned parakeet. In 2012, the IOC World Bird List recognised it as species.

text:
# Lord Howe parakeet

The **Lord Howe parakeet** (***Cyanoramphus subflavescens***), also known as the **Lord Howe red-fronted parakeet**, is an extinct parrot endemic to Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea, part of New South Wales, Australia. It was described as full species by Tommaso Salvadori in 1891, but subsequently it has been regarded as subspecies of the red-crowned parakeet. In 2012, the IOC World Bird List recognised it as species.

## Taxonomy

Pending molecular analysis, Christidis & Boles (2008) have suggested on biogeographical grounds that the taxon is likely to be most closely related to the Norfolk Island green parrot (*Cyanoramphus cookii*), as either a subspecies of what they have tentatively called the Tasman parakeet (*Cyanoramphus cookii subflavescens*), or possibly a full species (*Cyanoramphus subflavescens*).

## Description

The Lord Howe parakeet was a medium-sized green parrot with a crimson cap and eye-stripe. Measurements of specimens indicate that it was slightly larger than the nominate subspecies, as well as having yellower plumage and less extensive red markings on the head.

## Extinction

The parrot was formerly abundant on the island, but was persecuted by the early settlers there because of its raids on their crops and gardens. It was last recorded in 1869.

Only two specimens of the Lord Howe parakeet exist. They come from the John Gould collection, taken by John MacGillivray in September 1853 on the voyage of HMS *Herald*, and are held in the Natural History Museum.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Lord Howe parakeet | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Illustration by Keulemans, 1891 | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Extinct (1869)  (EPBC Act) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Psittaciformes |
| Family: | Psittaculidae |
| Genus: | *Cyanoramphus* |
| Species: | ***C. subflavescens*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Cyanoramphus subflavescens***
Salvadori, 1891 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae subflavescens* * *Cyanoramphus cookii subflavescens* | |


title: Honda Masanobu

abstract: Honda Masanobu was a commander and daimyō in the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu in Japan during the Azuchi-Momoyama and Edo periods. In 1563, when an uprising against Ieyasu occurred in Mikawa Province, Masanobu took the side of the peasants against Ieyasu at Battle of Batogahara. He fled from the Tokugawa, rejoining them in the 1570s or 1580s at the behest of Ōkubo Tadayo, and accompanied Ieyasu as he crossed Iga Province following the assassination of Oda Nobunaga at Honnō-ji. In 1600, Masanobu joined Tokugawa Hidetada's army for the march along the Nakasendō. En route, however, Hidetada attacked Sanada Masayuki at Ueda Castle against Masanobu's advice, and together they arrived late for the Battle of Sekigahara. Masanobu was a member of the Tokugawa shogunate and ruled a Han in Sagami Province assessed at 22,000 koku. He was present at the siege of Osaka in 1614. Masanobu died several weeks after Ieyasu in 1616. It is said that other Tokugawa retainers disliked Masanobu, such as Sakakibara Yasumasa who regarded him as "corrupt", and Honda Tadakatsu thought Masanobu a coward.

text:
# Honda Masanobu

**Honda Masanobu** (本多 正信, 1538 – July 20, 1616) was a commander and *daimyō* in the service of Tokugawa Ieyasu in Japan during the Azuchi-Momoyama and Edo periods.

In 1563, when an uprising against Ieyasu occurred in Mikawa Province, Masanobu took the side of the peasants against Ieyasu at Battle of Batogahara. He fled from the Tokugawa, rejoining them in the 1570s or 1580s at the behest of Ōkubo Tadayo, and accompanied Ieyasu as he crossed Iga Province following the assassination of Oda Nobunaga at Honnō-ji.

In 1600, Masanobu joined Tokugawa Hidetada's army for the march along the Nakasendō. En route, however, Hidetada attacked Sanada Masayuki at Ueda Castle against Masanobu's advice, and together they arrived late for the Battle of Sekigahara.

Masanobu was a member of the Tokugawa shogunate and ruled a Han in Sagami Province assessed at 22,000 *koku*. He was present at the siege of Osaka in 1614. Masanobu died several weeks after Ieyasu in 1616.

It is said that other Tokugawa retainers disliked Masanobu, such as Sakakibara Yasumasa who regarded him as "corrupt", and Honda Tadakatsu thought Masanobu a coward.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Honda Masanobu | |
| --- | --- |
| 本多 正信 | |
|  | |
|  | |
| *Daimyō* of Tamanawa | |
| **In office**
1590–1616 | |
| Succeeded by | Matsudaira Masatsuna |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1538
Mikawa Province, Japan |
| Died | July 20, 1616
Edo, Japan |
| Resting place | Nishi Hongan-ji, Kyoto, Japan |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Tokugawa clan
Tokugawa shogunate |
| Battles/wars | Battle of Azukizaka (1564)
Battle of Komaki-Nagakute (1584)
Siege of Ueda (1600)
Siege of Osaka (1614) |
|  | |


title: Ralph Cowan (cricketer)

abstract: Ralph Stewart Cowan is an English former cricketer. Cowan was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He also occasionally fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born at Hameln, Lower Saxony, West Germany.

text:
# Ralph Cowan (cricketer)

**Ralph Stewart Cowan** (born 30 March 1960) is an English former cricketer. Cowan was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace. He also occasionally fielded as a wicket-keeper. He was born at Hameln, Lower Saxony, West Germany.

## Career

While studying at the University of Oxford, Cowan made his first-class debut for Oxford University Cricket Club against Warwickshire in 1980. He made 21 further first-class appearances for the university, the last of which came against Cambridge University at The University Match at Lord's in 1982. In his 22 first-class matches the university, he scored a total of 1,234 runs at an average of 34.27, with a high score of 143 not out. This score came against Northamptonshire in 1982, in what was his most successful season in first-class cricket, with Cowan scoring 533 runs at an average of 44.41. Cowan made three centuries and seven half centuries for the university. With the ball, he took 9 wickets, though at an expensive bowling average of 81.88, with best figures of 2/75. It was during this period that he made his List A debut for the Combined Universities against Northamptonshire in the 1980 Benson & Hedges Cup. He made four further List A appearances for the team, the last of which came against Essex in the 1981 Benson & Hedges Cup. In one-day cricket, he struggled compared to his favourable first-class form, scoring 25 runs at an average of 5.00, with a high score of 13.

Having been associated with Sussex since appearing for the county Second XI in 1979, Cowan made his first team debut for the county at the end of the 1982 County Championship against Nottinghamshire. Cowan made just five further first-class appearances for Sussex, the last of which came against Surrey in the 1983 County Championship. He scored 152 runs in his six matches, passing fifty just once and averaging 15.63. He also played three List A matches for Sussex, all coming in the 1983 season, against the Minor Counties in the 1983 Benson & Hedges Cup, and Leicestershire and Surrey in the John Player Special League. He scored just 11 runs in his three one-day matches for Sussex.

## InfoBox

Ralph Stewart Cowan
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1960-03-30) 30 March 1960
Hameln, Lower Saxony,
West Germany |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm medium |
| Role | Occasional wicket-keeper |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1982–1983 | Sussex |
| 1980–1982 | Oxford University |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition First-class List A  Matches 28 8  Runs scored 1,406 36  Batting average 29.91 6.00  100s/50s 3/8 –/–  Top score 143 13  Balls bowled 1,278 36  Wickets 9 1  Bowling average 88.66 21.00  5 wickets in innings    10 wickets in match    Best bowling 2/75 1/21  Catches/stumpings 17/1 –/– | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 18 February 2010 | |


title: Food and Allied Workers Union

abstract:
The Food and Allied Workers Union (FAWU) is a trade union representing workers in the food processing industry in South Africa. The union was formed in 1986, through the amalgamation of the Food and Canning Workers' Union, the Sweet, Food and Allied Workers' Union and the Retail and Allied Workers' Union. In 2004, the union absorbed the South African Agricultural Plantation and Allied Workers Union. The union was long affiliated to the Congress of South African Trade Unions, but it resigned in 2016, in protest at the expulsion of the National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa (NUMSA).
In 2017, it was a founding affiliate of the South African Federation of Trade Unions (SAFTU), becoming that federation's second largest affiliate.

text:
# Food and Allied Workers Union

The **Food and Allied Workers Union** (FAWU) is a trade union representing workers in the food processing industry in South Africa.

The union was formed in 1986, through the amalgamation of the Food and Canning Workers' Union, the Sweet, Food and Allied Workers' Union and the Retail and Allied Workers' Union. In 2004, the union absorbed the South African Agricultural Plantation and Allied Workers Union.

The union was long affiliated to the Congress of South African Trade Unions, but it resigned in 2016, in protest at the expulsion of the National Union of Metalworkers of South Africa (NUMSA). In 2017, it was a founding affiliate of the South African Federation of Trade Unions (SAFTU), becoming that federation's second largest affiliate.

## Leadership

### General Secretaries

1986: Mike Madlala 1986: Jan Theron 1988: Mandla Gxanyana 2004: Katishi Masemola 2020: Mayoyo Mngomezulu

### Presidents

1986: Chris Dlamini 1990s: E. Theron Phillip Khage

## InfoBox

FAWU
| Food and Allied Workers Union | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Founded | 1986 |
| Headquarters | Cape Town, South Africa |
| Location |  |
| Members | 85,000 |
| Key people | Atwell Nazo, President <br>Mayoyo Mngomezulu, General Secretary |
| Affiliations | SAFTU |
| Website | www.fawu.org.za |


title: Warchalking

abstract:
Warchalking is the drawing of symbols in public places to advertise an open Wi-Fi network.
Inspired by hobo symbols, the warchalking marks were conceived by a group of friends in June 2002 and publicised by Matt Jones who designed the set of icons and produced a downloadable document containing them. Within days of Jones publishing a blog entry about warchalking, articles appeared in dozens of publications and stories appeared on several major television news programs around the world. The word is formed by analogy to wardriving, the practice of driving around an area in a car to detect open Wi-Fi nodes. That term in turn is based on wardialing, the practice of dialing many phone numbers hoping to find a modem. Having found a Wi-Fi node, the warchalker draws a special symbol on a nearby object, such as a wall, the pavement, or a lamp post. Those offering Wi-Fi service might also draw such a symbol to advertise the availability of their Wi-Fi location, whether commercial or personal.

text:
# Warchalking

**Warchalking** is the drawing of symbols in public places to advertise an open Wi-Fi network. Inspired by hobo symbols, the warchalking marks were conceived by a group of friends in June 2002 and publicised by Matt Jones who designed the set of icons and produced a downloadable document containing them. Within days of Jones publishing a blog entry about warchalking, articles appeared in dozens of publications and stories appeared on several major television news programs around the world.

The word is formed by analogy to *wardriving*, the practice of driving around an area in a car to detect open Wi-Fi nodes. That term in turn is based on *wardialing*, the practice of dialing many phone numbers hoping to find a modem.

Having found a Wi-Fi node, the warchalker draws a special symbol on a nearby object, such as a wall, the pavement, or a lamp post. Those offering Wi-Fi service might also draw such a symbol to advertise the availability of their Wi-Fi location, whether commercial or personal.


title: Valentino Telaubun

abstract: Bernardus Valentino Telaubun is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Liga 2 club Dejan. On 2012, he representing and plays 2 appearance for Indonesia national team in the 2012 AFF Championship.

text:
# Valentino Telaubun

**Bernardus Valentino Telaubun** (born 21 November 1984) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Liga 2 club Dejan. On 2012, he representing and plays 2 appearance for Indonesia national team in the 2012 AFF Championship.

## Club career

### Semen Padang

On 3 November 2014, he was released by Semen Padang.

### Persija Jakarta

On 30 November 2017, he signed a two-year contract with Persija Jakarta.

## Career statistics

### International

*As of match played 11 June 2012*

Appearances and goals by national team and year
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Indonesia | 2012 | 2 | 0 |
| Total | | 2 | 0 |

## Honours

### Club

Persija Jakarta

## InfoBox

Valentino Telaubun
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Bernardus Valentino Telaubun | | |
| Date of birth | (1984-11-21) 21 November 1984 | | |
| Place of birth | Kai Besar, Indonesia | | |
| Height | 1.82 m (6 ft 0 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Left-back, centre-back | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Dejan | | |
| Number | 82 | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2005–2007 | Persemalra Maluku Tenggara | 50 | (0) |
| 2007–2008 | Persiba Bantul | 16 | (1) |
| 2008–2009 | PSIS Semarang | 17 | (2) |
| 2009–2010 | PSIR Rembang | 7 | (0) |
| 2010–2011 | Persela Lamongan | 17 | (0) |
| 2011–2012 | Bontang | 22 | (2) |
| 2012–2013 | Perseman Manokwari | 23 | (3) |
| 2013–2014 | Semen Padang | 10 | (0) |
| 2014–2015 | Persita Tangerang | 20 | (1) |
| 2015 | Persiba Balikpapan | 1 | (0) |
| 2016 | PSM Makassar | 8 | (0) |
| 2016 | Bhayangkara | 2 | (0) |
| 2017 | Barito Putera | 21 | (1) |
| 2018 | Persija Jakarta | 5 | (0) |
| 2018–2021 | Persipura Jayapura | 35 | (0) |
| 2021 | Sriwijaya | 12 | (1) |
| 2022 | Persela Lamongan | 10 | (1) |
| 2022 | Bekasi City | 5 | (0) |
| 2023 | Persiba Balikpapan | 4 | (0) |
| 2023–2024 | Persipura Jayapura | 7 | (0) |
| 2024– | Dejan | 0 | (0) |
| International career | | | |
| 2012 | Indonesia | 2 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 3 February 2024 (UTC) | | | |


title: Valentino Siani

abstract: Valentino Siani (c.1595–1672) was an Italian violinmaker who worked in Brescia and Florence. He was a pupil of Giovanni Paolo Maggini in Brescia (c.1610–1620) before he moved to Florence in c.1620 where he worked c.1620–1670. Sianis' instruments have a rather full arching, narrow purfling in very nicely channelled edges, and stiff f-holes. His scrolls show the influence of Maggini. His work is very rarely met in the trade. He is particularly well known for his violas. A viola by Valentino Siani is pictured in Italian Violinmakers by Walter Hamma.

text:
# Valentino Siani

**Valentino Siani** (c.15951672) was an Italian violinmaker who worked in Brescia and Florence.

He was a pupil of Giovanni Paolo Maggini in Brescia (c.16101620) before he moved to Florence in c.1620 where he worked c.16201670.

Sianis' instruments have a rather full arching, narrow purfling in very nicely channelled edges, and stiff f-holes. His scrolls show the influence of Maggini.

His work is very rarely met in the trade. He is particularly well known for his violas.

A viola by Valentino Siani is pictured in *Italian Violinmakers* by Walter Hamma.

* Walter Hamma. *Italian Violinmakers*.
* William Henley. *Universal Dictionary of Violin & Bow makers*.


title: Vambrace

abstract: Vambraces or forearm guards are tubular or gutter defences for the forearm worn as part of a suit of plate armour that were often connected to gauntlets. Vambraces may be worn with or without separate couters in a full suit of medieval armour. The term originates in the early 14th century. They were made from either boiled leather or steel. Leather vambraces were sometimes reinforced with longitudinal strips of hardened hide or metal, creating splinted armour. Sometimes vambraces were decorated with extravagant designs as was customary for nobles during the late middle ages.

text:
# Vambrace

**Vambraces** (French: *avant-bras*, sometimes known as *lower cannons* in the Middle Ages) or **forearm guards** are *tubular* or *gutter* defences for the forearm worn as part of a suit of plate armour that were often connected to gauntlets. Vambraces may be worn with or without separate *couters* in a full suit of medieval armour. The term originates in the early 14th century. They were made from either boiled leather or steel. Leather vambraces were sometimes reinforced with longitudinal strips of hardened hide or metal, creating splinted armour. Sometimes vambraces were decorated with extravagant designs as was customary for nobles during the late middle ages.

* Bracer, armguard used by archers
* Manica, armguard of the ancient Romans


title: Marina Willer

abstract: Marina Willer is a Brazilian-born graphic designer and filmmaker based in the United Kingdom.

text:
# Marina Willer

**Marina Willer** is a Brazilian-born graphic designer and filmmaker based in the United Kingdom.

## Biography

Willer grew up in Brazil, and developed a passion for design, largely due to the influence of her artist parents. She went on to study graphic design at the Royal College of Art in London. After gaining her MA, she was approached by brand agency Wolff Olins. Despite being more interested in filmmaking at the time, she accepted their offer and worked with the agency for over a decade. The firm recognized her talent for design, and she gained the title of creative director. Following her work with Wolff Olins, she joined the Pentagram team as their first female partner. Her work continues to be grounded in experimentation and fluidity. In addition to her work with Wolff Olins and Pentagram, She has been a D&AD judge, an external examiner at the Royal College of Art and is a member of the Alliance Graphique Internationale. She was named one of *Creative Review's* Creative Leaders 2017 and was inducted into *Design Week's* Hall of Fame in 2018. In 2021 Marina was made a Royal Designer for Industry (RDI) by the Royal Society of Arts in London.

## Career

### Graphic Design

During the course of her career, Willer has led the design of major identities schemes for Amnesty International, Tate, Southbank Centre, Serpentine Galleries, Nesta, Oxfam, Macmillan Cancer Support, Natural History Museum and Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners. She led the rebrand of Battersea and designed ‘Ferrari: Under the Skin’ and ‘Stanley Kubrick: The Exhibition’ for the Design Museum as well as ‘Mangasia: Wonderlands of Asian Comics’ for the Barbican Centre.

### Film

Willer's first feature film, *Red Trees*, premiered at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival and was released worldwide by Netflix in 2018. Willer has made several films for British architect Richard Rogers, including *Exposed* – a film to introduce Rogers' exhibition at the Pompidou Centre – and *Ethos*, which was screened at the Royal Academy of Arts.


title: Markus von Ahlen

abstract: Markus von Ahlen is a German football manager and a former player. He manages the Under-19 squad of Fortuna Köln.

text:
# Markus von Ahlen

**Markus von Ahlen** (born 1 January 1971) is a German football manager and a former player. He manages the Under-19 squad of Fortuna Köln.

## Coaching career

von Ahlen started his coaching career in the youth section at Bayer Leverkusen in 2007 before moving to the youth section at Hamburger SV in 2008. He then signed a two–year deal on 18 April 2011 to become the new head coach of Arminia Bielefeld starting at the beginning of the 2011–12 season. However, his tenure ended prematurely on 20 September 2011. He failed to win any of his 11 competitive matches. He then became an assistant coach for Kapfenberger SV before moving to the reserve team of 1860 München on 20 December 2012 until the end of the season. Then he became an assistant coach with 1860 München until he became interim head coach on 6 April 2014. He was given the mandate for the rest of the 2013–14 season. His tenure finished when Ricardo Moniz was hired as the permanent head coach on 4 June 2014. Von Ahlen once again became head coach of the first team after Moniz was sacked. He was sacked on 17 February 2015. In July 2016 he became manager of the Under-19 squad of Bayer Leverkusen. In January 2022 he became new manager of Bonner SC. On 3 May 2022 he was sacked by Bonner only to be named new manager of Fortuna Köln one hour later.

## Coaching record

*As of 19 July 2023*

| Team | From | To | Record | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | G | W | D | L | Win % | Ref. |
| Arminia Bielefeld | 1 July 2011 | 20 September 2011 | 11 | 0 | 5 | 6 | 000.00 |  |
| 1860 Munich II | 20 December 2012 | 30 June 2013 | 17 | 14 | 2 | 1 | 082.35 |  |
| 1860 Munich | 6 April 2014 | 4 June 2014 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 060.00 |  |
| 1860 Munich | 24 September 2014 | 17 February 2015 | 15 | 3 | 3 | 9 | 020.00 |  |
| Bonner SC | 3 January 2022 | 3 May 2022 | 15 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 033.33 |  |
| Fortuna Köln | 3 May 2022 | Present | 34 | 15 | 9 | 10 | 044.12 |  |
| Total | | | 97 | 40 | 25 | 32 | 041.24 |  |

## Honours

**Bayer Leverkusen**

## InfoBox

Markus von Ahlen
| Von Ahlen being interviewed while manager of Arminia Bielefeld in 2011 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1971-01-01) 1 January 1971 | | |
| Place of birth | Bergisch Gladbach, West Germany | | |
| Height | 1.82 m (6 ft 0 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder, defender | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Fortuna Köln (manager) | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Jan-Wellem Bergisch-Gladbach | | |
|  | Bayer Leverkusen | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1989–1993 | Bayer Leverkusen | 24 | (1) |
| 1994–1995 | VfL Bochum | 29 | (3) |
| 1995–1998 | SV Meppen | 70 | (7) |
| 1998–1999 | KFC Uerdingen 05 | 22 | (1) |
| 1999–2002 | Alemannia Aachen | 42 | (2) |
| Total |  | **187** | **(14)** |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 2007–2008 | Bayer Leverkusen (youth) | | |
| 2008–2011 | Hamburger SV U17 | | |
| 2011 | Arminia Bielefeld | | |
| 2011–2012 | Kapfenberger SV (assistant) | | |
| 2012–2014 | 1860 Munich II | | |
| 2013 | 1860 Munich | | |
| 2014 | 1860 Munich | | |
| 2014–2015 | 1860 Munich | | |
| 2016–2020 | Bayer Leverkusen U19 | | |
| 2022 | Bonner SC | | |
| 2022– | Fortuna Köln | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |