title: Notturno (Schubert)

abstract: The Notturno in E-flat major, Op. 148, also called Adagio, is a nocturne for piano trio by Franz Schubert.

text:
# Notturno (Schubert)

The **Notturno in E-flat major**, Op. 148 (D. 897), also called *Adagio*, is a nocturne for piano trio by Franz Schubert.

## Description

This substantial but relatively neglected piece has affinities with the slow movements of both the String Quintet in C major D. 956, and the Piano Trio No. 1 in B-flat, D 898. Completed in the Autumn of 1827, it is possibly a rejected slow movement of the Piano Trio No. 1. It has the sublime slowness of the string quintet movement (in one recording of the Notturno, by the Beaux Arts Trio, Schubert takes half a minute to leave the opening tonic harmony), together with a similar use of pizzicato at various points, and with the same paradoxical effect: the pizzicato decorations of the main tune seem to enhance the underlying tragedy of the music, rather than lightening it.

The main thematic idea has a characteristic common to a number of Schubert's most celebrated melodic ideas, including the second subjects of both the C major string quintet's first movement and the "Unfinished" Symphony No. 8's first movement: that of "not going anywhere", pitch-wise, but seeming to revolve round a single note (the third note of the scale in this case).

## Formal structure

The Notturno is in extended ternary form (ABABA). The first episode is in the 'Neapolitan' key, the flattened supertonic major (theoretically F flat, but written as E major). The main melodic idea of the episode is a three-note, dotted figure, which has an almost martial, march-like quality, despite the continued slowness of the music's underlying tempo, thus providing a contrast with the opening section while not disturbing the unity of the piece.

The second episode repeats the material of the first episode, but in the submediant major (C major).

The transition back to the opening material at the end of both episodes incorporates a long dominant preparation. The first of these transitions starts in F major, the key in which the first episode has ended, and progresses by a series of modulations to the home key of E flat, anchored by a bass line descending largely by step.

The second transition is tonally unnecessary, in the sense that the episode has already landed back on the tonic, E flat, with an emphatic cadence; but Schubert disguises this fact by carrying out a feint towards F major again, the key in which the first episode had ended. This excursion Schubert uses as an opportunity for further harmonic progressions.

In its third and final appearance the opening tune is decorated with trills in the upper register of the piano.

## Use in the media

The Notturno was used intermittently in the background during BBC Radio 4's July 2008 serialisation of Henry James's *The Portrait of a Lady*. It is also played during the end scene of the film *Shall We Kiss?*, as well as in some episodes of the third season of the American television series *Hannibal*.

Sources * Wigmore, Richard (2001). *Schubert: Piano Trios D898, D28 & D897* (PDF) (CD). Hyperion Records. CDA67273.


title: Nuba inscription

abstract: The Nuba inscription is an early Islamic text that was found in a mosque near Hebron. The inscription identifies the Dome of the rock as "Bayt al Maqdis" or "The Holy Temple", "Beit haMikdash" in Hebrew This finding suggests that early Muslims were aware of the Temple Mount's significance as the site of the Jewish Temple and viewed the Dome of the Rock as a symbolic reestablishment of this sacred space. The inscription reads,In the name of Allah, the merciful God, this territory, Nuba, and all its boundaries and its entire area, is an endowment to the Rock of Bayt al-Maqdis and the al-Aqsa Mosque, as it was dedicated by the Commander of the Faithful, ̒Umar iben al-Khattab for the sake of Allah the Almighty.

text:
# Nuba inscription

The **Nuba inscription** is an early Islamic text that was found in a mosque near Hebron.

The inscription identifies the Dome of the rock as "*Bayt al Maqdis*" or "The Holy Temple", "*Beit haMikdash*" in Hebrew This finding suggests that early Muslims were aware of the Temple Mount's significance as the site of the Jewish Temple and viewed the Dome of the Rock as a symbolic reestablishment of this sacred space.

The inscription reads,

> In the name of Allah, the merciful God, this territory, Nuba, and all its boundaries and its entire area, is an endowment to the Rock of Bayt al-Maqdis and the al-Aqsa Mosque, as it was dedicated by the Commander of the Faithful, ̒Umar iben al-Khattab for the sake of Allah the Almighty.

## InfoBox

| Nuba inscription | |
| --- | --- |
| The Nuba inscription | |
| Material | Stone |
| Writing | Arabic |
| Created | 9th century |
| Discovered | Israel |
| Present location | Mosque near Hebron |
| Period | Early Islamic period |


title: Novo Leski

abstract: Novo Leski is a village in Hadzhidimovo Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria.

text:
# Novo Leski

**Novo Leski** is a village in Hadzhidimovo Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria.

## Geography

The village is situated in the foothills of the Pirin Mountain in the valley of the Mesta River on the secondary international road between Gotse Delchev and Drama, Greece, 6 km west north-west of the town of Hadzhidimovo.

## History

The old village named *Lyaski* was located in the folds of Pirin, but in search of more fertile land, the village moved 2 kilometres to the east, in the valley of the Mesta river in 1927. Its current name means New Leski.

In the "Ethnography of the Provinces of Adrianople, Monastir and Thessaloniki", published in Istanbul in 1878 and reflecting the statistics of the male population from 1873, *Lyaski* is listed as a village with 75 households and 260 Bulgarian inhabitants. In 1889, Stefan Verkovic ("Topographical and Ethnographic Essay of Macedonia") noted *Lyaski* as a village with 72 Bulgarian houses. The Church of St. George in the village dates back to the beginning of the 19th century.

In 1891 Georgi Strezov wrote about the village:

"Lyaski, a village on the left bank of Toplitsa. It is 1 1/4 hours from Nevrokop. Fertile land in everything. Butchers in Nevrokop. Church "St. Georgi ”; Mass is said in Bulgarian and in Greek. Houses 195 Bulgarians.

According to the statistics of Vasil Kanchov ("Macedonia. Ethnography and Statistics") at the end of the 19th century Lyaski had a population of 695, all Bulgarian Christians.

In a report to Ilarion Nevrokopski from 1909 he wrote about the village:

"Lyaski ... The old village is located in an ancient place in a ravine. Near the village there is an oak forest. The village has 186 Bulgarian houses. The population is engaged in agriculture and livestock breeding. Farmers work in the fields almost all summer. The fields are more Turkish. Some of the villagers work in Serres, Kavala, Drama, Greece. About 20 carpenters go to Bulgaria every year. People are poor, but hardworking and capable. The church "St. Georgi ”was built in 1844. The school is next to the church.

At the outbreak of the Balkan War in 1912, thirteen people from Lyaski volunteered for the Macedonian-Edirne voluntary militia .

## Economy and transportation

Agriculture and livestock breeding are the main sources of income in the village. Its situation on an international road is favourable for roadside businesses like stores and cafes.

There is a paper packaging facrory, owned by German investors.

Novo Leski is connected by secondary road № 19 with Gotse Delchev, Razlog and Sofia as well with the Greek towns Drama and Kavala and busses to Sofia and Blagoevgrad during all the day.

There are no educational institutions in the village. An elementary school named "Hristo Botev" was closed in 2009 year.

## Relligion

The inhabitants are Orthodox Christians. The old church "St. George" is built in 1844 in the old village and is the only remaining building there. The church is restored and functional. In 1994 a church "St. Demetrius" has been built in the new village. There are also two chapels west of Novo Leski - "St. Marina" and "St. Elijah"

41°32′N 23°45′E / 41.533°N 23.750°E / 41.533; 23.750

## InfoBox

| Novo Leski | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Novo Leski | |
| Coordinates: 41°32′N 23°45′E / 41.533°N 23.750°E / 41.533; 23.750 | |
| Country | Bulgaria |
| Province | Blagoevgrad Province |
| Municipality | Hadzhidimovo Municipality |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Georgi Vankalov (DPS) |
| Area | |
| Total | 13.546 km2 (5.230 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 850 m (2,790 ft) |
| Population (2019) | |
| Total | 376 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: Novosiolovca

abstract: Novosiolovca is a village in Taraclia District, Moldova.

text:
# Novosiolovca

**Novosiolovca** is a village in Taraclia District, Moldova.

## InfoBox

| Novosoliovca | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Novosoliovca | |
| Coordinates: 45°54′N 28°36′E / 45.9°N 28.6°E / 45.9; 28.6 | |
| Country | Moldova |
| District | Taraclia |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Ecaterina Jentică (PCRM) |
| Population (2014 census) | |
| Total | 1,384 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: Radek Bukač

abstract: Radek Bukač is a professional Czech football player who played Gambrinus liga football for Viktoria Žižkov. He was among the top scorers in the 2005–06 Czech 2. Liga.

text:
# Radek Bukač

**Radek Bukač** (born 12 June 1981) is a professional Czech football player who played Gambrinus liga football for Viktoria Žižkov. He was among the top scorers in the 2005–06 Czech 2. Liga.

## InfoBox

Radek Bukač
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1981-06-12) 12 June 1981 | | |
| Place of birth | Czechoslovakia | | |
| Height | 1.87 m (6 ft 2 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2005 | Dukla Banská Bystrica |  |  |
| 2006–2011 | Viktoria Žižkov | 20 | (3) |
| 2009 | Hradec Králové (loan) | 8 | (0) |
| 2010–2011 | Vlašim (loan) | 14 | (2) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 30 June 2011 | | | |


title: Mes courants électriques

abstract: Mes courants électriques is the second studio album by the French singer Alizée, released on 18 March 2003 through Polydor. Unlike her previous album, which was entirely in French, this album has English versions of four of its songs. As with Alizée's first album, the entire album was based on a collaboration between Mylène Farmer (lyrics) and Laurent Boutonnat (music), but this would be the pair's last project with Alizée. Unlike Alizée's earlier album, this album was customised for different markets, with slightly different contents. The French version did not contain any English versions of any of the tracks, whereas the international version included four English language renditions. The Japan version refers to "J'en ai marre!" as "Mon bain de mousse". In Taiwan and Hong Kong, and other traditional Chinese spoken parts of Asia, this album was launched as a two-CD set, along with an Enhanced CD not playable on DVD/VCD players, featuring videos of "Moi... Lolita" and "J'en ai marre!"

text:
# Mes courants électriques

***Mes courants électriques*** (English: *My Electric Currents*) is the second studio album by the French singer Alizée, released on 18 March 2003 through Polydor. Unlike her previous album, which was entirely in French, this album has English versions of four of its songs. As with Alizée's first album, the entire album was based on a collaboration between Mylène Farmer (lyrics) and Laurent Boutonnat (music), but this would be the pair's last project with Alizée.

Unlike Alizée's earlier album, this album was customised for different markets, with slightly different contents. The French version did not contain any English versions of any of the tracks, whereas the international version included four English language renditions. The Japan version refers to "J'en ai marre!" as "Mon bain de mousse". In Taiwan and Hong Kong, and other traditional Chinese spoken parts of Asia, this album was launched as a two-CD set, along with an Enhanced CD not playable on DVD/VCD players, featuring videos of "Moi... Lolita" and "J'en ai marre!"

## Background

*Mes courants électriques* was released on 18 March 2003 two years after her previous album *Gourmandises*. Released on the Universal Distribution label this was the last album recorded on this label, and was seen as the album to reinforce Alizée's international career, being a guest star on many TV shows around the world, but it was focussed on the Asian market, as she visited Japan in 2003 and was the spokesperson for many Japanese products. In this album Alizee was showing she is growing. *Mes courants électriques* tones down some of the overt sexual themes of her debut album, but retains the energy. *Mes courants électriques* was digitally mastered using 24-bits technology and follows the libertine philosophy of her mentor, Mylène Farmer.

## Promotion

For the promotion of the album, Alizée traveled around the world performing in different places. After the Gourmandises success, the singer returned to France to promote her second studio album. The first single extracted from the album was "J'en ai marre!", officially released in February 2003. The single was made available in music stores as well as radio stations. To promote the single, Alizée appeared on the French radio station, *NRJ*, the video for the single was released for broadcast on March, though it was made available on MTV and many other TV channels. It was released on physical media, both CD and vinyl, on the same month. After the release of the single came in total success playing in all radio stations and in TV shows, ranking in the top charts of many countries.

Another track from the album, "I'm Fed Up!", the English version of the first single, in Asia was released with the name "Mon bain de mousse" was leaked one month before the album was released. Though the song was not mentioned by name, the leak was confirmed in a press release which revealed the title and release schedule of the album. For that moment, Alizée was preparing her trip to Japan where the album was more focused in the Asian market. In Japan, she performed in many TV shows for the promotion of album, gave many interviews to the press of the country, and was the spokeswoman of many Japanese brands. After her return to France, she arranged the release of the second single of album J'ai pas vingt ans and I'm Not Twenty (English version of the single). The music video was released for the single, and for the promotion of the single and the album she performed at the Tour de France 2003 in the official event show in Paris.

Following the success of the album, Alizée continued performing around Europe, kept promoting her album, and released her seventh single and the third and last of the album called À contre-courant. She then announced her first tour called the En Concert Tour. Alizée keep promoting her tour and her last two album, which stayed on top of the charts.

## Singles

"J'en ai marre!" is the first single of the album. Released in February 2003, it had the single version of the song followed by an instrumental version. Later on three remixes were made available in special editions of the single. Internationally, it was released as "I'm Fed Up!". In Japan, it was released as "Mon bain de mousse" ("my foam bath") along with a music video and a remix version of the song. "J'ai pas vingt ans" is the second extract of the album, released in June 2003. The single featured, in addition to the solo version of the song, an instrumental version as well as "I'm Fed Up!", which is the English version of "J'en ai marre!". The English version of "J'ai pas vingt ans" is "I'm Not Twenty". "J'ai pas vingt ans" was remixed by Benny Benassi. "À contre-courant" is the third and last single of the album, was released on 7 October 2003. It featured the single version of the song as well as the English version of "J'ai pas vingt ans", "I'm Not Twenty". Maxi CD of the single, released on 12 November 2003, included 3 remixes and the radio edit of the single.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| SACEM/SNEP | Positive |

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Mylène Farmer, and all music by Laurent Boutonnat

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "J'en ai marre!" | 5:12 |
| 2. | "À contre-courant" | 4:32 |
| 3. | "Toc de Mac" | 4:29 |
| 4. | "Amélie m'a dit" | 3:51 |
| 5. | "C'est trop tard" | 4:43 |
| 6. | "Tempête" | 4:42 |
| 7. | "J'ai pas vingt ans!" | 4:23 |
| 8. | "Hey! Amigo!" | 3:54 |
| 9. | "L'e-mail a des ailes" | 4:10 |
| 10. | "Youpidou" | 4:09 |
| 11. | "Cœur déjà pris" | 4:16 |

International version
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "I'm Fed Up!" (English version of "J'en ai marre!") | 5:12 |
| 2. | "À contre-courant" | 4:32 |
| 3. | "Toc de Mac" | 4:31 |
| 4. | "Amélie" (English version of "Amélie m'a dit") | 3:50 |
| 5. | "C'est trop tard" | 4:43 |
| 6. | "Tempête" | 4:42 |
| 7. | "I'm Not Twenty!" (English version of "J'ai pas vingt ans!") | 4:23 |
| 8. | "Hey! Amigo!" | 3:55 |
| 9. | "L'e-mail a des ailes" | 4:10 |
| 10. | "Youpidoo" (English version of "Youpidou") | 4:09 |
| 11. | "Cœur déjà pris" | 4:22 |
| 12. | "J'en ai marre!" | 5:12 |
| 13. | "Amélie m'a dit" | 3:50 |
| 14. | "J'ai pas vingt ans!" | 4:23 |
| 15. | "Youpidou" | 4:09 |

Asian version
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Mon bain de mousse" | 5:12 |
| 2. | "À contre-courant" | 4:32 |
| 3. | "Toc de mac" | 4:29 |
| 4. | "Amélie" | 3:51 |
| 5. | "C'est trop tard" | 4:43 |
| 6. | "Tempête" | 4:42 |
| 7. | "I'm Not Twenty!" | 4:23 |
| 8. | "Hey! Amigo!" | 3:54 |
| 9. | "L'e-mail a des ailes" | 4:10 |
| 10. | "Youpidoo" | 4:09 |
| 11. | "Cœur déjà pris" | 4:16 |
| 12. | "Mon bain de mousse" (English version of "J'en ai marre!") | 5:12 |

## Personnel

## Charts

Chart performance for *Mes courants électriques*
| Chart (2003) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Belgian Albums Chart (Wallonia) | 9 |
| Finnish Albums Chart | 90 |
| French Albums Chart | 2 |
| German Albums Chart | 26 |
| Hong Kong Albums Chart | 5 |
| Italian Albums Chart | 29 |
| Israeli Albums Chart | 4 |
| Japanese Albums Chart | 128 |
| Polish Albums Chart | 32 |
| Russian Albums Chart | 10 |
| South Korean Albums Chart | 3 |
| Spanish Albums Chart | 7 |
| Swiss Albums Chart | 27 |

## Certifications and sales

Certifications and sales for *Mes courants électriques*
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| France (SNEP) | 2× Gold | 400,000 |

## Release history

Release history and formats for *Mes courants électriques*
| Region | Date | Label | Format |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| France | 18 March 2003 | Polydor | CD |
| | 11 December 2020 | Anaphore Music | Vinyl |
| United Kingdom | 18 March 2003 | Polydor | CD |
| Switzerland | | | 15 April 2003 |
| | | | Belgium |
| Europe | | | 5 June 2003 |
| Germany | | | 20 June 2003 |
| Asia | | | 10 July 2003 |
| Canada | 25 August 2003 | | Universal Republic |

## InfoBox

| Mes courants électriques | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Alizée | |
| Released | 18 March 2003 |
| Recorded | 2002 |
| Studio | * Studio Guillaume Tell * Calliphora Studio * Studio Davout (Paris, Ile-de-France) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 48:21 |
| Label | Polydor |
| Producer | Mylène Farmer
Laurent Boutonnat |
| Alizée chronology | |
| *Gourmandises*
(2000) ***Mes courants électriques***
(2003) *Alizée en concert*
(2004) | |
|  | |
| Alternative cover | |
|  | |
| Asian edition | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Mes courants électriques* | |
| 1. "J'en ai marre!"
Released: 21 February 2003 2. "I'm Fed Up!"
Released: April 2003 3. "J'ai pas vingt ans!"
Released: 3 June 2003 4. "I'm Not Twenty"
Released: 2003 5. "À contre-courant"
Released: 7 October 2003 | |
|  | |


title: Valley Station Signal Box, Anglesey

abstract: Valley Station signal box is a Grade II listed, 2-story, timber built signal box located near the railway station in Valley, Anglesey. Located directly north-west of the level crossing on the B4545 road, the Signal Box is thought to have been built in the middle of the 19th century as one of 15 new huts built along the Chester and Holyhead Railway. Clad with horizontal tongue and groove paneling, with large sash windows and a slate roof. The interior of the signal box remain unchanged and still features the original lever frames.

text:
# Valley Station Signal Box, Anglesey

**Valley Station signal box** is a Grade II listed, 2-story, timber built signal box located near the railway station in Valley, Anglesey.

Located directly north-west of the level crossing on the B4545 road, the Signal Box is thought to have been built in the middle of the 19th century as one of 15 new huts built along the Chester and Holyhead Railway.

Clad with horizontal tongue and groove paneling, with large sash windows and a slate roof. The interior of the signal box remain unchanged and still features the original lever frames.

53°16′53″N 4°33′47″W / 53.281369°N 4.563075°W / 53.281369; -4.563075


title: Mykolaiv River Port

abstract: Mykolaiv River Port is an inland port of Mykolaiv located on the left bank of the Southern Bug River, 40 km upstream from the confluence of the river with the Dnieper estuary.

text:
# Mykolaiv River Port

**Mykolaiv River Port** is an inland port of Mykolaiv located on the left bank of the Southern Bug River, 40 km upstream from the confluence of the river with the Dnieper estuary.

## InfoBox

| Mykolaiv River Port | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Click on the map for a fullscreen view | |
| Native name | Миколаївський річковий порт |
| Location | |
| Country | Ukraine |
| Location | Vulytsya Proektna, 1, м. Mikolaiv, 54052 |
| Details | |
| Opened | 1882 |
| Operated by | АSК «Ukrrichflot» |
| Type of harbour | natural |
| No. of berths | 7 |
| Employees | 827 |
| Head of Port | Volodymyr Petrovych Serbinov |
| Statistics | |
| Annual cargo tonnage | 5 million tons |
| **Website**<br>www.riverport.mykolayiv.com | |


title: Litton, Somerset

abstract: Litton is a small village and civil parish between Chewton Mendip and West Harptree in the Chew Valley and Mendip Hills, Somerset, England. The parish includes the hamlet of Sherborne. Very close to the village are the Litton Reservoirs.

text:
# Litton, Somerset

**Litton** (grid reference ST593546) is a small village and civil parish between Chewton Mendip and West Harptree in the Chew Valley and Mendip Hills, Somerset, England. The parish includes the hamlet of **Sherborne**. Very close to the village are the Litton Reservoirs.

## History

Litton was listed in the Domesday Book of 1086 as *Litune*, meaning 'The small enclosure' from the Old English *lyt* and *tun*. It was the property of Gisa, Bishop of Wells.

The shape of some of the existing fields with cross-slope and down-slope field banks and cultivated ridges forming an interleaving irregular mosaic suggest they are of medieval origin.

The parish was part of the hundred of Wells Forum.

## Governance

The parish council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The parish council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic. The parish council's role also includes initiating projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning. Conservation matters (including trees and listed buildings) and environmental issues are also the responsibility of the council.

Litton is part of the Nedge Ward, which is represented by one councillor on the Non-metropolitan district of Mendip, which was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, having previously been part of Clutton Rural District, which is responsible for local planning and building control, local roads, council housing, environmental health, markets and fairs, refuse collection and recycling, cemeteries and crematoria, leisure services, parks, and tourism.

Somerset County Council is responsible for running the largest and most expensive local services such as education, social services, libraries, main roads, public transport, policing and fire services, trading standards, waste disposal and strategic planning.

It is also part of the Wells and Mendip Hills county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

## Demographics

According to the 2001 Census, the Nedge Ward (which includes Chewton Mendip), had 2,074 residents, living in 893 households, with an average age of 40.0 years. Of these 78% of residents describing their health as 'good', 18% of 16- to 74-year-olds had no qualifications; and the area had an unemployment rate of 1.8% of all economically active people aged 16–74. In the Index of Multiple Deprivation 2004, it was ranked at 26,803 out of 32,482 wards in England, where 1 was the most deprived LSOA and 32,482 the least deprived.

## Church of St Mary

The Anglican Church of St Mary dates from the 13th century. It has a Perpendicular tower with a bell chamber. It is a Grade I listed building. Several of the memorials and crosses in the churchyard are also listed buildings.

## Buildings

There are a range of other listed buildings in the village including Sherborne House, which is a Grade II listed building, as is Manor Farmhouse, which dates from the early 17th century.

Shortwood House residing on the outskirts of the village, holds significant historic importance. Built in 1806 as the home for serving Catholic Priests, the building incorporated a Catholic chapel.

Shortwood House is also the birth place of Brenda Pye (29 November 1907 – 26 April 2005), also known as Brenda Landon or Brenda Capron, who was an English portrait painter and landscape artist. She exhibited at the Royal Academy, the Paris Salon, the Royal Society of Portrait Painters, the Royal Society of British Artists and the Association of Women Artists; she was also a member of the Association of Sussex Artists.

Her earliest years were spent at her birthplace: Shortwood House, Litton, in Somerset, to which her father Walter Capron had retired from his London practice. A now famous three-quarter length portrait of her in the gardens of Shortwood House in the summer of 1914, was painted by Henry Strachey, at that time the art critic of the Spectator, who lived nearby.

## InfoBox

| Litton | |
| --- | --- |
| Church of St Mary, Litton | |
| LittonLocation within Somerset | |
| Population | 240 (2011) |
| OS grid reference | ST593546 |
| Unitary authority |  |
| Ceremonial county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | RADSTOCK |
| Postcode district | BA3 |
| Dialling code | 01761 |
|  | |
| Police | Avon and Somerset |
| Fire | Devon and Somerset |
| Ambulance | South Western |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Pascal James Imperato

abstract: Pascal James Imperato is a doctor and professor of tropical medicine and public health and an author on diverse subjects including public health, traditional medicine, African art, history and science fiction. Imperato is the founding Dean and Distinguished Service Professor of the School of Public Health at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York.

text:
# Pascal James Imperato

**Pascal James Imperato** (born January 13, 1937) is a doctor and professor of tropical medicine and public health and an author on diverse subjects including public health, traditional medicine, African art, history and science fiction. Imperato is the founding Dean and Distinguished Service Professor of the School of Public Health at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York.

## Education

Pascal gained his primary medical degree from the State University of New York and a Master's degree in public health and Tropical Medicine from the Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine.

## Books

* *Doctor in the Land of the Lion* (1964)
* *Bwana Doctor* (1967)
* *African Folk Medicine: Practices and Beliefs of the Bambara and Other Peoples* (1971)
* *A Wind in Africa: A Story of Modern Medicine in Mali* (1975)
* *What to do about the flu* (1976)
* *Sourcebook on health sciences librarianship* (1977)
* *Medical Detective* (1979)
* *Buffoons, Queens, and Wooden Horsemen: The Dyo and Gouan Societies of the Bambara of Mali* (1983)
* *The Administration of a Public Health Agency: A Case Study of the New York City Department of Health* (1983)
* *Acceptable Risks* (1985)
* *Mali: A Search For Direction* (1989)
* *Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: Current Issues and Scientific Studies* (1989)Editor
* *Quest For The Jade Sea: Colonial Competition Around An East African Lake* (1998)
* *They Married Adventure: The Wandering Lives of Martin and Osa Johnson* (1999)
* *Over Land and Sea* (2000)
* *Legends, Sorceres and Lizards* (2001)
* *Surfaces: Color, Substances, and Ritual Applications on African Sculpture* (2006)Editor
* *African Mud Cloth: The Bogolanfini Art Tradition of Gneli Traore of Mali* (2006)
* *Historical Dictionary of Mali* (2008)
* *The Bee* (2011) Science fiction novel


title: SJ R

abstract: The R class of the Swedish State Railways (SJ) was a type of steam locomotive built between 1908 and 1909. The class was built primarily to pull heavy iron ore trains on the Iron Ore Line in northern Sweden.

text:
# SJ R

The **R** class of the Swedish State Railways (SJ) was a type of steam locomotive built between 1908 and 1909. The class was built primarily to pull heavy iron ore trains on the Iron Ore Line in northern Sweden.

## History

As the iron ore trains became heavier in the early 1900s, it became obvious to the Swedish State Railways that their M class of locomotives could not pull the heavier trains without the help of a pusher engine. SJ then placed an order of five locomotives with a 0-10-0 configuration. The class was at its introduction in 1908 the most powerful steam locomotive built in Sweden, a record which lasted until 1930 when the M3t class was introduced.

In 1914 the electrification of the Iron Ore Line had begun, thus making the R class unnecessary at the Iron Ore line, and the locomotives were transferred south to be used in regular freight trains. In 1935 two locomotives were sold to the private railway Gävle-Dala Järnväg. In 1963 one locomotive (R 975) was sent to Denmark as a part of a deal to bring the F1200 locomotive of the  class. R975 was subsequently scrapped in Denmark in 1963. Of the remaining four locomotives in Sweden, three were scrapped in 1973. The last locomotive was preserved and is kept in running order by the Swedish Railway Museum, which uses the locomotive in heritage trains on special occasions.

## Sources

* Karlsson, Lars Olov (2008). *SJ:s Ånglok*. Franks Stenvalls förlag. ISBN 978-91-7266-171-4.
* Mer om R-loken på Svenska-lok.se

## InfoBox

| SJ R | |
| --- | --- |
| R 977 on the day of delivery in 1909 | |
| Type and origin  Power type Steam  Build date 19081909 | |
| Specifications  Configuration:<br>   Whyte 0-10-0  Gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) standard gauge  Driver dia. 1,300 mm (4 ft 3 in)  Length 19,850 mm (65 ft 1 in)  Loco weight * 84.8 tonnes (83.5 long tons; 93.5 short tons)  Total weight * 130.0 tonnes (127.9 long tons; 143.3 short tons)  Fuel type Coal | |
| Performance figures  Maximum speed 50 km/h (31 mph) | |
| Career  Operators   Number in class 5  Numbers 974978 | |


title: SMTP, Inc.

abstract: SMTP, Inc. is a provider of transactional email relay services.

text:
# SMTP, Inc.

| **Internet history timeline** |
| --- |
| ***Early research and development:***
***Merging the networks and creating the Internet:***
***Commercialization, privatization, broader access leads to the modern Internet:***
***Examples of Internet services:*** |

**SMTP, Inc.** is a provider of transactional email relay services.

## Services

SMTP, Inc. is a cloud service provider that specializes in sending outgoing email for large volume senders. In this regard SMTP is more akin to technology service providers such as Amazon.com or Rackspace than to email marketing companies such as Constant Contact. SMTP also offers related services such as tracking and reporting, reputation management, statistical analysis and expert support.

SMTP also provides tools for checking a domain’s DKIM records in DNS as well as for checking forward-confirmed reverse DNS (FCdDNS) for an IP.

The SMTP email delivery service requires that the emails are generated locally from a locally-kept emailing list.

SMTP runs its own redundant data center in the Hurricane Electric and XO Communications facility in Fremont, California.

## History

The company was founded as EMUmail Inc. in 1998 by Matt Mankins. Three years later Mankins sold EMUmail to the software development company AccuRev. About a year later, former AccuRev CEO and EMUmail board member Semyon Dukach bought EMUmail.

In 2005, Lux Scientiae bought the EMUmail outsourcing services business, leaving the SMTP.com email delivery service as the company’s core offering.

The company changed its name to SMTP, Inc. in November 2010. SMTP filed an initial public offering (IPO) and began trading on the OTC Bulletin Board as (OTCBB: SMTP) on May 2, 2011, and then on the Nasdaq Capital Market on January 31, 2014.

SMTP has acquired PreviewMyEmail.com service for online email content preview from a Turkish company Octeth in exchange for $160,000 cash on January 10, 2013.

Jonathan M. Strimling has been appointed CEO by SMTP's Board of Directors on August 15, 2013.

SMTP acquired SharpSpring.Inc., a marketing automation company, in 2014 and the company was renamed as *SharpSpring* (SHSP). In 2016, SharpSpring sold SMTP to the Electric Mail Company.

## InfoBox

SMTP, Inc.
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Email Marketing |
| Founded | 1998 (1998) |
| Founder | Matt Mankins |
| Headquarters | Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
| Products | Email relay service |
| Parent | J2 Global |
| Website | www.smtp.com |


title: SMTU

abstract:
SMTU may refer to:
  - Société montpelliéraine de transport urbain, the predecessor to Transports de l'agglomération de Montpellier, the public transport company in Montpellier, France
  - Servicio Municipal de Transportes Urbanos, a predecessor of TUSSAM, the company responsible for managing the service buses and trams urban city of Seville, Spain
  - Singapore Malay Teachers' Union, a public sector union affiliated with the National Trades Union Congress

text:
# SMTU

**SMTU** may refer to:

* Société montpelliéraine de transport urbain, the predecessor to Transports de l'agglomération de Montpellier, the public transport company in Montpellier, France
* **Servicio Municipal de Transportes Urbanos**, a predecessor of TUSSAM (**Transportes Urbanos de Sevilla, Sociedad Anónima Municipal**), the company responsible for managing the service buses and trams urban city of Seville, Spain
* Singapore Malay Teachers' Union, a public sector union affiliated with the National Trades Union Congress


title: SMT Goupil

abstract: SMT Goupil was a French IT company created in 1979 by Claude Perdrillat, previously a senior executive in the General Directorate of Telecommunications. The company produced many microcomputers during the 1980s, mainly for French government agencies. This market collapsed at the end of the 1980s with the appearance of drastic budgetary restrictions in the French public sector and competition from more aggressive technological rivals like IBM, Apple and Olivetti. Despite a significant debt of 40 million francs, the company went public in 1985, claiming to hold 15% of the French microcomputer market. In January 1990, Goupil claimed to hold 18% of the market for professional microcomputers in France. The company filed for bankruptcy in June 1991 with the accounting books revealing a debt of 700 million francs and a real turnover of 830 million francs in 1990.

text:
# SMT Goupil

**SMT Goupil** (SMT - "Society of Microcomputing and Telecommunications") was a French IT company created in 1979 by Claude Perdrillat, previously a senior executive in the General Directorate of Telecommunications.

The company produced many microcomputers during the 1980s, mainly for French government agencies. This market collapsed at the end of the 1980s with the appearance of drastic budgetary restrictions in the French public sector and competition from more aggressive technological rivals like IBM, Apple and Olivetti.

Despite a significant debt of 40 million francs, the company went public in 1985, claiming to hold 15% of the French microcomputer market.

In January 1990, Goupil claimed to hold 18% of the market for professional microcomputers in France.

The company filed for bankruptcy in June 1991 with the accounting books revealing a debt of 700 million francs and a real turnover of 830 million francs in 1990.

## Models

The first **Goupil G1** and **G2** computers offered a promising architecture, with the integration of the Motorola 6808 processor coupled with the FLEX operating system. The machines had a sober and integrated design with particular colors - slate blue and red.

The **G3** extended compatibility in order to conquer foreign markets, by offering two processors at a time (selected at start-up by a switch) among three choices: the very common Motorola 6809, Zilog Z80 and Intel 8088. This allowed the Flex 9 and UniFLEX operating systems that came with the machine to run under MS-DOS, CP/M and UCSD Pascal. The dark gray case, designed by designer Roger Tallon, came with an integrated 12-inch monochrome monitor, two floppy disk drives, and a bay for 7 extension cards in Goupil format.

Further machines would seek IBM PC compatibility, as it became a standard regarding government equipment.

* 1979: **Goupil G1**, basic desktop computer
* 1981: **Goupil G2**, desktop computer with multiple configurations similar to those of Micral
* 1983: **Goupil G3**, *Nanoréseau* network machine, similar to Micral
* 1985: **Goupil G4**, PC-compatible desktop computer
* 1986: **Goupil G40**, desktop server version of the G4
* 1986: **Goupil Club**, PC Kaypro 2000 compatible laptop sold under license
* 1988: **Goupil G5**, PC-compatible desktop computer, several versions
* 1988: **Goupil Golf**, PC-compatible portable computer
* 1990: **Goupil G50**, tower server version of the G5
* 1990: **Goupil G100**, UNIX server initially designed by SFENA, characterized by input-output co-processors
* 1991: **Goupil G6**, PC-compatible desktop computer
* 1991: **Goupil TOP**, laptop with 10" backlit LCD screen under MS-DOS 5.0 (and Windows 3.1 installed later), offered in 2 versions: TOP (80286 @ 12.5 MHz) & TOP SX (80386 SX @ 20 MHz), both with 20 MB hard drive

* Computing for All, a French government plan to introduce computers to the country's pupils

## InfoBox

SMT Goupil
|
|  |
| Company type | Public |
| Industry | IT company |
| Founded | 1979 |
| Founder | Claude Perdrillat |
| Defunct | 1991 (1991) |
| Products | Computers |


title: Higashiichiki, Kagoshima

abstract: Higashiichiki was a town located in Hioki District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 13,565 and the density of 191.33 persons per km⁲. The total area was 70.90 km⁲. On May 1, 2005, Higashiichiki, along with the towns of Fukiage, Hiyoshi and Ijūin, was merged to create the city of Hioki and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

text:
# Higashiichiki, Kagoshima

**Higashiichiki** (東市来町, *Higashiichiki-chō*) was a town located in Hioki District, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 13,565 and the density of 191.33 persons per km2. The total area was 70.90 km2.

On May 1, 2005, Higashiichiki, along with the towns of Fukiage, Hiyoshi and Ijūin (all from Hioki District), was merged to create the city of Hioki and no longer exists as an independent municipality.


title: Higashihiroshima

abstract: Higashihiroshima is a city located in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2023, the city had an estimated population of 190,186 in 90,294 households and a population density of 300 persons per km⁲. The total area of the city is 635.16 square kilometres (245.24 sq mi).

text:
# Higashihiroshima

**Higashihiroshima** (東広島市, *Higashihiroshima-shi*) is a city located in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 April 2023, the city had an estimated population of 190,186 in 90,294 households and a population density of 300 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 635.16 square kilometres (245.24 sq mi).

## Geography

Higashihiroshima extends from the coast of the Seto Inland Sea to the hilly area in the foothills of the Chugoku Mountains, with a large difference in elevation. It consists of the Saijō Basin, which is the largest basin in the prefecture, and the main urban center, and small basins scattered around it. The Numata River is located to the east, the Kurose River to the south, and the Seno River to the west. Because it is located in a basin, the diurnal temperature range (day and night) and annual temperature range (summer and winter) are large.

### Adjoining municipalities

Hiroshima Prefecture

### Climate

Higashihiroshima has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification *Cfa*) characterized by cool to mild winters and hot, humid summers. The average annual temperature in Higashihiroshima is 13.7 °C (56.7 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,457.6 mm (57.39 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 25.8 °C (78.4 °F), and lowest in January, at around 2.3 °C (36.1 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Higashihiroshima was 37.0 °C (98.6 °F) on 17 July 1994; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −12.6 °C (9.3 °F) on 31 January 1981.

| Climate data for Higashihiroshima (1991−2020 normals, extremes 1979−present) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.3
(64.9) | 20.7
(69.3) | 23.4
(74.1) | 29.2
(84.6) | 31.4
(88.5) | 34.0
(93.2) | 37.0
(98.6) | 36.7
(98.1) | 35.5
(95.9) | 29.9
(85.8) | 26.5
(79.7) | 19.9
(67.8) | 37.0
(98.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.7
(45.9) | 8.9
(48.0) | 12.8
(55.0) | 18.7
(65.7) | 23.6
(74.5) | 26.3
(79.3) | 29.9
(85.8) | 31.5
(88.7) | 27.4
(81.3) | 21.9
(71.4) | 15.9
(60.6) | 10.1
(50.2) | 19.6
(67.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 2.3
(36.1) | 3.2
(37.8) | 6.6
(43.9) | 12.1
(53.8) | 17.3
(63.1) | 21.2
(70.2) | 25.0
(77.0) | 25.8
(78.4) | 21.8
(71.2) | 15.6
(60.1) | 9.5
(49.1) | 4.4
(39.9) | 13.7
(56.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −2.6
(27.3) | −2.1
(28.2) | 0.6
(33.1) | 5.4
(41.7) | 11.1
(52.0) | 16.6
(61.9) | 21.0
(69.8) | 21.5
(70.7) | 17.1
(62.8) | 10.0
(50.0) | 3.7
(38.7) | −0.8
(30.6) | 8.5
(47.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −12.6
(9.3) | −11.9
(10.6) | −7.3
(18.9) | −3.8
(25.2) | −0.3
(31.5) | 7.9
(46.2) | 12.7
(54.9) | 13.4
(56.1) | 4.5
(40.1) | −0.8
(30.6) | −4.3
(24.3) | −8.7
(16.3) | −12.6
(9.3) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 46.9
(1.85) | 60.0
(2.36) | 105.0
(4.13) | 120.6
(4.75) | 147.7
(5.81) | 207.4
(8.17) | 253.0
(9.96) | 131.3
(5.17) | 158.2
(6.23) | 106.0
(4.17) | 67.4
(2.65) | 54.3
(2.14) | 1,457.6
(57.39) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 6.1 | 7.4 | 9.9 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 11.0 | 10.8 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 7.3 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 101.8 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 134.6 | 133.8 | 170.4 | 188.4 | 204.5 | 142.2 | 163.9 | 194.3 | 149.5 | 167.2 | 143.2 | 133.6 | 1,925.6 |
| Source: Japan Meteorological Agency | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Higashihiroshima in 2020 is 196,608 people. Higashihiroshima has been conducting censuses since 1960.

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1960 | 97,063 |  |
| 1965 | 91,630 | −5.6% |
| 1970 | 93,587 | +2.1% |
| 1975 | 108,219 | +15.6% |
| 1980 | 120,871 | +11.7% |
| 1985 | 131,159 | +8.5% |
| 1990 | 142,088 | +8.3% |
| 1995 | 165,153 | +16.2% |
| 2000 | 175,346 | +6.2% |
| 2005 | 184,430 | +5.2% |
| 2010 | 190,043 | +3.0% |
| 2015 | 192,907 | +1.5% |
| 2020 | 196,608 | +1.9% |
| Higashihiroshima population statistics | | |

## History

The area of Higashihiroshima is mostly part of ancient Aki Province. Archaeologists have found evidence of continuous human settlement from the Japanese Paleolithic period, with the oldest remains of several dwellings dating back to 22,000 years ago. Traces from the Yayoi period through the Kofun period are numerous, including the Mitsushiro Kofun, a National Historic Site. During the Nara period, the ancient Sanyōdō highway connecting the Kinai region with Kyushu passed close to the north side of Saijō Station. Aki Kokubun-ji was located in what is now Higashihiroshima, and through geographic names, the original *kokufu* of the province was located in the vicinity before it was relocated to Fuchū in the Heian period. During the Muromachi period, the area was dominated by the Ouchi clan, who built Kagamiyama Castle, the ruins of which are a National Historic Site. The Ouchi were replaced after 200 years by the Mōri clan in the Sengoku period. After the establishment of the Tokugawa Shogunate, the area was part of the holdings of Fukushima Masanori and later the Asano clan of Hiroshima Domain.

### Municipal mergers

* On April 1, 1889 - The town of Saijō was established with the creation of the modern municipalities system.
* On April 20, 1974 - Saijō merged with the towns of Shiwa, Takaya and Hachihonmatsu in Kamo District to form the city of Higashihiroshima.
* On February 7, 2005 - The towns of Kurose, Kōchi, Toyosaka and Fukutomi (all from Kamo District), and the town of Akitsu (from Toyota District) were merged into Higashihiroshima.

## Government

Higashihiroshima has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 30 members. Higashihiroshima contributes four members to the Hiroshima Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Hiroshima 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

## Economy

Higashihiroshima has a mixed economy. The area has traditionally been associated with *sake* brewing, and *sake* remains an important industry. Other industries include semiconductors, automobile related parts/special equipment, shipbuilding, and brick making, as well as agriculture centered on rice, and commercial fishing.

## Education

Higashihiroshima has 37 public elementary schools and 15 public junior high schools operated by the city government, and six public high schools, and one combined middle/high school operated by the Hiroshima prefectural Board of education. There are also two private middle schools and two private high schools.

In terms of higher education, Higashihiroshima hosts a campus of Hiroshima University, Elisabeth University of Music, Kindai University and Hiroshima International University

## Transportation

### Railway

JR WestSan'yō Shinkansen

JR West (JR West) - San'yō Main Line

JR West (JR West) - Kure Line

### Highways

## Sister city relations

## Local attractions

Higashihiroshima is famous for making *sake*, and along the Sakagura Dōri ("Sake Storehouse Road") area near JR Saijō Station are the Namako wall (white-lattice walled) and Sekishu Gawara (red-roof tile) roofs of ten well-known sake breweries. An annual *sake* festival is held every October.

## Notable people from Higashihiroshima

## InfoBox

| Higashihiroshima 東広島市 | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Higashihiroshima City Hall | |
|  | |
| Location of Higashihiroshima in Hiroshima Prefecture | |
|  | |
| HigashihiroshimaLocation in Japan | |
| Coordinates: 34°25′35″N 132°44′36″E / 34.42639°N 132.74333°E / 34.42639; 132.74333 | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Chūgoku (San'yō) |
| Prefecture | Hiroshima |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Hironori Takagaki (since February 2018) |
| Area | |
| Total | 635.16 km2 (245.24 sq mi) |
| Population (April 30, 2023) | |
| Total | 190,186 |
| Density | 300/km2 (780/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+09:00 (JST) |
| City hall address | 8-29 Saijō Sakaemachi, Higashihiroshima-shi, Hiroshima-ken 739-8601 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | Official website |
|  | |
| Symbols | |
|  | |
| Flower | Azalea *Rhododendron sect. Tsutsusi* |
| Tree | Pine |
|  | |


title: Higashiizumo, Shimane

abstract: Higashiizumo was a town located in Yatsuka District, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 13,817 and a density of 324.04 per km⁲. The total area was 42.64 km⁲. On August 1, 2011, Higashiizumo was merged into the expanded city of Matsue and no longer exists as an independent municipality. Yatsuka District was dissolved as a result of this merger.

text:
# Higashiizumo, Shimane

**Higashiizumo** (東出雲町, *Higashiizumo-chō*) was a town located in Yatsuka District, Shimane Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 13,817 and a density of 324.04 per km2. The total area was 42.64 km2.

On August 1, 2011, Higashiizumo was merged into the expanded city of Matsue and no longer exists as an independent municipality. Yatsuka District was dissolved as a result of this merger.

35°26′N 133°9′E / 35.433°N 133.150°E / 35.433; 133.150


title: Hill and Barlow

abstract: Hill & Barlow was a law firm in Boston, Massachusetts that was dissolved on December 7, 2002 after 106 years of business. Founded in 1899, the firm had been one of the city's oldest and most elite firms, and was also the 12th largest in Boston at the time of its dissolution, employing 138 lawyers. The firm was founded by Arthur D. Hill, known for defending the anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti. Hill began his practice in 1895 and joined forces in 1899 with Robert Homans and Robert Barlow to form Hill & Barlow. Nevertheless, the firm celebrated its 100 year anniversary in 1895. By 1965, the firm, now called Hill Barlow Goodale & Adams, had 11 partners and 7-8 associates. In this same year, Hill Barlow Goodale & Adams merged with Peabody Koufman & Brewer and changed the firm name to Hill & Barlow. This was the first merger in Boston in 30 years and created one of the largest firms in the city with 31 lawyers. The firm was incorporated in the early 1990s, meaning that employees could enjoy the tax benefits available to employees of a corporation. By this time, H&B had grown to 123 lawyers and was considered a mid-size firm. Prior to its dissolution in 2002, Hill & Barlow attempted to prevent liquidation by focussing more on individual practice groups and cutting back on staff. A group representing authors and movie producers were the first to leave for Fish & Richardson in January 2002. Yet, the final blow to Hill & Barlow occurred on December 6, 2002 when approximately 23 lawyers, one third of the firm, left in 2003 to eventually join Piper Rudnick. These 23 individuals primarily comprised the real estate sector of the firm, Elliot Surkin, a real estate attorney who served 35 years at the firm commented to the press: "We didn't have confidence in going forward. The firm [Hill & Barlow] should dissolve. I saw it happening over the years. The firm was not operating successfully. Five or 10 years ago it could have done something." Surkin was later announced as managing partner of Piper Rudnick's new Boston office. The sudden departure of the real estate attorneys was catastrophic to Hill and Barlow due to the firm's reputation for representing complex equity and mortgage cases for development projects. Remaining attorneys reported feeling "blindsided" by the unexpected upheaval, but those departing felt that the planned restructuring was coming too late.

text:
# Hill and Barlow

**Hill & Barlow** was a law firm in Boston, Massachusetts that was dissolved on December 7, 2002 after 106 years of business. Founded in 1899, the firm had been one of the city's oldest and most elite firms, and was also the 12th largest in Boston at the time of its dissolution, employing 138 lawyers. The firm was founded by Arthur D. Hill, known for defending the anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti. Hill began his practice in 1895 and joined forces in 1899 with Robert Homans and Robert Barlow to form Hill & Barlow. Nevertheless, the firm celebrated its 100 year anniversary in 1895.

By 1965, the firm, now called Hill Barlow Goodale & Adams, had 11 partners and 7-8 associates. In this same year, Hill Barlow Goodale & Adams merged with Peabody Koufman & Brewer and changed the firm name to Hill & Barlow. This was the first merger in Boston in 30 years and created one of the largest firms in the city with 31 lawyers.

The firm was incorporated in the early 1990s, meaning that employees could enjoy the tax benefits available to employees of a corporation. By this time, H&B had grown to 123 lawyers and was considered a mid-size firm.

Prior to its dissolution in 2002, Hill & Barlow attempted to prevent liquidation by focussing more on individual practice groups and cutting back on staff.

A group representing authors and movie producers were the first to leave for Fish & Richardson in January 2002. Yet, the final blow to Hill & Barlow occurred on December 6, 2002 when approximately 23 lawyers, one third of the firm, left in 2003 to eventually join Piper Rudnick (now DLA Piper). These 23 individuals primarily comprised the real estate sector of the firm (that generated 30 percent of the firm's revenue), Elliot Surkin, a real estate attorney who served 35 years at the firm commented to the press: "We didn't have confidence in going forward. The firm \[Hill & Barlow\] should dissolve. I saw it happening over the years. The firm was not operating successfully. Five or 10 years ago it could have done something." Surkin was later announced as managing partner of Piper Rudnick's new Boston office. The sudden departure of the real estate attorneys was catastrophic to Hill and Barlow due to the firm's reputation for representing complex equity and mortgage cases for development projects.

Remaining attorneys reported feeling "blindsided" by the unexpected upheaval, but those departing felt that the planned restructuring was coming too late.

## Attorney compensation

One of the main gripes that dissatisfied staff had with H&B was economics and compensation. By the late 1980s and '90s, the real estate sector of the firm had become by far the most lucrative practice. Many real estate litigators on staff felt that they were carrying the firm's economic viability; thus being unfairly compensated (the same as less-lucrative attorneys and sectors within the practice).

From 1965 until 1999, H&B used a formula system administered by an autonomous compensation committee. In the mid 1980s, the firm attempted to minimize the disparity between the top producing partners from the bottom by taking out 20% of the profit and distributing it as rewards for service or for need. In the 1990s, additional compensation was distributed based on one’s contribution to the firm, i.e. managing partner role etc. Whatever portion of the 20% was not allocated by need or service was equally distributed among the partners.

In 1999, the firm adopted a judgment system of compensation. The management committee became fully responsible for distributing the profits, and decisions regarding distribution were made in advance and paid at the beginning of the year rather than a calculation of a three year average paid in December.

## Historical cases

In the 1920s, Hill appealed the guilty verdicts of anarchists Sacco and Vanzetti.

During the McCarthy era of the early 1950s, H&B attorneys John Saltonstall and Calvin Bartlett defended individuals accused by McCarthy's House on UnAmerican Activities in a time when other firms refused to do so.

## Notable alumni

Notable alumni of the firm include:


title: Hill baronets

abstract: There have been five baronetcies created for persons with the surname Hill, one in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia, one in the Baronetage of Great Britain, one in the Baronetage of Ireland and two in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Three of the creations are extant as of 2008. The Hill Baronetcy, of Waughton in the County of Haddington, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 4 February 1707 for Scipio Hill. The title became either extinct or dormant on his death in 1729. The Hill, later Clegg-Hill Baronetcy, of Hawkstone in the County of Shropshire, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 20 January 1727. For more information on this creation, see the Viscount Hill. The Hill Baronetcy, of Brook Hall in Londonderry, was created in the Baronetage of Ireland on 17 August 1779 for Hugh Hill, who represented Londonderry in the Irish House of Commons. The second Baronet represented the County of Londonderry in both the Irish and British House of Commons and also sat a Member of the British Parliament for the City of Londonderry. He was also Governor of St Vincent and Governor of Trinidad. The Hill Baronetcy, of Bradford, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 13 January 1917 for James Hill, founder and head of Sir James Hill & Sons, wool merchants, and Liberal Member of Parliament for Bradford Central. The Hill Baronetcy, of Green Place in Stockbridge in the County of Southampton, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 6 September 1919 for the shipping lawyer Norman Hill. The title became extinct when the second Baronet was killed in action in 1944. Rosalind Mary Theodosia Hill (1908–1997), daughter of the first Baronet, was Professor of History at the University of London.

text:
# Hill baronets

There have been five **baronetcies** created for persons with the surname **Hill**, one in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia, one in the Baronetage of Great Britain, one in the Baronetage of Ireland and two in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Three of the creations are extant as of 2008.

The **Hill Baronetcy**, of Waughton in the County of Haddington, was created in the Baronetage of Nova Scotia on 4 February 1707 for Scipio Hill. The title became either extinct or dormant on his death in 1729.

The **Hill**, later **Clegg-Hill Baronetcy**, of Hawkstone in the County of Shropshire, was created in the Baronetage of Great Britain on 20 January 1727. For more information on this creation, see the Viscount Hill.

The **Hill Baronetcy**, of Brook Hall in Londonderry, was created in the Baronetage of Ireland on 17 August 1779 for Hugh Hill, who represented Londonderry in the Irish House of Commons. The second Baronet represented the County of Londonderry in both the Irish and British House of Commons and also sat a Member of the British Parliament for the City of Londonderry. He was also Governor of St Vincent and Governor of Trinidad.

The **Hill Baronetcy**, of Bradford, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 13 January 1917 for James Hill, founder and head of Sir James Hill & Sons, wool merchants, and Liberal Member of Parliament for Bradford Central.

The **Hill Baronetcy**, of Green Place in Stockbridge in the County of Southampton, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 6 September 1919 for the shipping lawyer Norman Hill. The title became extinct when the second Baronet was killed in action in 1944. Rosalind Mary Theodosia Hill (1908–1997), daughter of the first Baronet, was Professor of History at the University of London.

## Hill baronets, of Waughton (1707)

* Sir Scipio Hill, 1st Baronet (died 1729)

## Hill, later Clegg-Hill baronets, of Hawkstone (1727)

## Hill baronets, of Brook Hall (1779)

## Hill baronets, of Bradford (1917)

* Sir James Hill, 1st Baronet (1849–1936)
* Sir Albert Hill, 2nd Baronet (1877–1946)
* Sir James Hill, 3rd Baronet (1905–1976)
* Sir James Frederick Hill, 4th Baronet (born 1943)

The heir apparent is the present holder's son James Lawrence Ingram Hill (born 1973).

## Hill baronets, of Green Place (1919)


title: Hiltonia, Georgia

abstract: Hiltonia is a city in Screven County, Georgia, United States. The population was 310 in 2020.

text:
# Hiltonia, Georgia

**Hiltonia** is a city in Screven County, Georgia, United States. The population was 310 in 2020.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 1.7 square miles (4.4 km2), of which 1.7 square miles (4.4 km2) is land and 0.57% is water.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1920 | 262 |  |  |
| 1930 | 226 |  | −13.7% |
| 1940 | 246 |  | 8.8% |
| 1950 | 318 |  | 29.3% |
| 1960 | 353 |  | 11.0% |
| 1970 | 294 |  | −16.7% |
| 1980 | 515 |  | 75.2% |
| 1990 | 402 |  | −21.9% |
| 2000 | 421 |  | 4.7% |
| 2010 | 342 |  | −18.8% |
| 2020 | 310 |  | −9.4% |
| U.S. Decennial Census
1850-1870 1870-1880
1890-1910 1920-1930
1940 1950 1960
1970 1980 1990
2000 2010 2020 | | | |

Hiltonia first appeared in the 1920 U.S. Census.

**Hiltonia, Georgia – Racial and ethnic composition**
*Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.*
| Race / Ethnicity (*NH = Non-Hispanic*) | Pop 2000 | Pop 2010 | Pop 2020 | % 2000 | % 2010 | % 2020 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| White alone (NH) | 122 | 109 | 114 | 28.98% | 31.87% | 36.77% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 294 | 226 | 188 | 69.83% | 66.08% | 60.65% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.24% | 0.00% | 0.32% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.71% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Some Other Race alone (NH) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% |
| Mixed Race or Multi-Racial (NH) | 1 | 4 | 4 | 0.24% | 1.17% | 1.29% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0.00% | 0.88% | 0.97% |
| **Total** | **421** | **342** | **310** | **100.00%** | **100.00%** | **100.00%** |

As of the census of 2000, there were 421 people, 134 households, and 101 families residing in the city. By 2020, its population was 310.

1. "2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved December 18, 2021.
2. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
3. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
4. "Decennial Census of Population and Housing by Decade". US Census Bureau.
5. "1870 Census of Population - Georgia - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1870.
6. "1880 Census of Population - Georgia - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1880.
7. "1910 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1930.
8. "1930 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1930. pp. 251–256.
9. "1940 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1940.
10. "1950 Census of Population - Georgia" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1980.
11. "1960 Census of Population - Population of County Subdivisions - Georgia" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1960.
12. "1970 Census of Population - Population of County Subdivisions - Georgia" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1970.
13. "1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Georgia" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1980.
14. "1990 Census of Population - Summary Social, Economic, and Housing Characteristics - Georgia" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 1990.
15. "2000 Census of Population - General Population Characteristics - Georgia" (PDF). *US Census Bureau*. 2000.
16. "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Hiltonia CDP, Georgia". *United States Census Bureau*.
17. "P2 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) - Hiltonia CDP, Georgia". *United States Census Bureau*.
18. "P004 Hispanic or Latino, and Not Hispanic or Latino by Race – 2000: DEC Summary File 1 – Hiltonia CDP, Georgia". *United States Census Bureau*.

http://www.city-data.com/city/Hiltonia-Georgia.html

## InfoBox

| Hiltonia, Georgia | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Location in Screven County and the state of Georgia | |
| Coordinates: 32°52′56″N 81°39′34″W / 32.88222°N 81.65944°W / 32.88222; -81.65944 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Georgia |
| County | Screven |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.74 sq mi (4.51 km2) |
| Land | 1.72 sq mi (4.46 km2) |
| Water | 0.02 sq mi (0.05 km2) |
| Elevation | 180 ft (55 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 310 |
| Density | 180.02/sq mi (69.52/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 30467 |
| Area code | 912 |
| FIPS code | 13-38920 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0356311 |


title: SPG14

abstract: Spastic paraplegia 14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPG14 gene.

text:
# SPG14

**Spastic paraplegia 14 (autosomal recessive)** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPG14 gene.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| SPG14 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | SPG14, spastic paraplegia 14 (autosomal recessive) | | |
| External IDs | GeneCards: SPG14; OMA:SPG14 - orthologs | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     n/a   n/a   RefSeq (protein)     n/a   n/a   Location (UCSC) n/a n/a  PubMed search  n/a | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human | | | |


title: SSX6

abstract: SSX family member 6, pseudogene is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSX6 gene.

text:
# SSX6

**SSX family member 6, pseudogene** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSX6 gene.

## Function

This gene belongs to the family of highly homologous synovial sarcoma X (SSX) breakpoint proteins. These proteins may function as transcriptional repressors. They are also capable of eliciting spontaneously humoral and cellular immune responses in cancer patients, and are potentially useful targets in cancer vaccine-based immunotherapy.

SSX1, SSX2, and SSX4 genes have been involved in the t(X;18) translocation characteristically found in all synovial sarcomas. This gene is classified as a pseudogene because a splice donor in the 3' UTR has changed compared to other family members, rendering the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). \[provided by RefSeq, Aug 2009\].

*This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.*

## InfoBox

| SSX6P | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | SSX6P, SSXP2, SSX family member 6, pseudogene, SSX6, dJ54B20.1, psiSSX2, synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 6 (pseudogene) | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 300541; GeneCards: SSX6P; OMA:SSX6P - orthologs | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_173357   n/a   RefSeq (protein)     n/a   n/a   Location (UCSC) n/a n/a  PubMed search  n/a | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human | | | |


title: SSX2

abstract: Protein SSX2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SSX2 gene. The product of this gene belongs to the family of highly homologous synovial sarcoma, X (SSX) breakpoint proteins. These proteins may function as transcriptional repressors. They are also capable of eliciting spontaneously humoral and cellular immune responses in cancer patients, and are potentially useful targets in cancer vaccine-based immunotherapy. SSX1, SSX2 and SSX4 genes have been involved in the t(X;18) chromosomal translocation characteristically found in all synovial sarcomas. This translocation results in the fusion of the synovial sarcoma translocation gene on chromosome 18 to one of the SSX genes on chromosome X. The encoded hybrid proteins are probably responsible for transforming activity. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.

text:
# SSX2

**Protein SSX2** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the *SSX2* gene.

The product of this gene belongs to the family of highly homologous synovial sarcoma, X (SSX) breakpoint proteins. These proteins may function as transcriptional repressors. They are also capable of eliciting spontaneously humoral and cellular immune responses in cancer patients, and are potentially useful targets in cancer vaccine-based immunotherapy. SSX1, SSX2 and SSX4 genes have been involved in the t(X;18) chromosomal translocation characteristically found in all synovial sarcomas. This translocation results in the fusion of the synovial sarcoma translocation gene on chromosome 18 to one of the SSX genes on chromosome X. The encoded hybrid proteins are probably responsible for transforming activity. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| SSX2B | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | SSX2B, CT5.2, CT5.2b, HOM-MEL-40, SSX, synovial sarcoma, X breakpoint 2B, SSX family member 2B | | |
| External IDs | HomoloGene: 133226; GeneCards: SSX2B; OMA:SSX2B - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_001278702
NM\_001164417
NM\_001278701   n/a   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_001157889
NP\_001265630
NP\_001265631   n/a   Location (UCSC) Chr X: 52.75 – 52.79 Mb n/a  PubMed search  n/a | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human | | | |


title: Hinman Apartments

abstract: Hinman Apartments is a historic apartment building at 1629-1631 Hinman Avenue in Evanston, Illinois. Built in 1904, the three-story brick building has six apartments. Architects Atchison & Edbrooke, who also designed Evanston's Ridgewood Apartments, designed the building in the Classical Revival style. The building's design includes a two-story portico supported by Ionic columns, bow windows on either side of the portico, and a dentillated cornice and parapet. The apartments are arranged in a railroad plan, with rooms arranged along a long central hallway; while this layout was often associated with cheap apartments, the Hinman still targeted upper-class residents with its design and amenities. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 15, 1984.

text:
# Hinman Apartments

**Hinman Apartments** is a historic apartment building at 1629-1631 Hinman Avenue in Evanston, Illinois. Built in 1904, the three-story brick building has six apartments. Architects Atchison & Edbrooke, who also designed Evanston's Ridgewood Apartments, designed the building in the Classical Revival style. The building's design includes a two-story portico supported by Ionic columns, bow windows on either side of the portico, and a dentillated cornice and parapet. The apartments are arranged in a railroad plan, with rooms arranged along a long central hallway; while this layout was often associated with cheap apartments, the Hinman still targeted upper-class residents with its design and amenities.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 15, 1984.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Hinman Apartments | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Hinman Apartments in 2012 | |
|  | |
| Location | 1629-1631 Hinman Ave., Evanston, Illinois |
| Coordinates | 42°02′48″N 87°40′39″W / 42.04667°N 87.67750°W / 42.04667; -87.67750 (Hinman Apartments) |
| Area | 0.3 acres (0.12 ha) |
| Built | 1904 (1904) |
| Architect | Atchison & Edbrooke |
| Architectural style | Classical Revival |
| MPS | Suburban Apartment Buildings in Evanston TR |
| NRHP reference No. | 84000995 |
| Added to NRHP | March 15, 1984 |


title: Himawari (album)

abstract: Himawari is the second studio album by the group Swayzak, released on 11 July 2000.

text:
# Himawari (album)

***Himawari*** is the second studio album by the group Swayzak, released on 11 July 2000.

## Track listing

1. "Illegal" - 4:14
2. "Kensal Rising" - 4:23
3. "State of Grace" - 4:54
4. "Leisure Centre" - 5:30
5. "Mysterons" - 4:32
6. "Doobie" - 7:29
7. "Caught In This Affair" - 5:13
8. "Japan Air" - 7:57
9. "Pineapple Spongecake" - 5:08
10. "The Frozen Loch" - 5:41
11. "Floyd" - 7:13
12. "Betek" - 9:12

## Citations and references

## InfoBox

| Himawari | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Swayzak | |
| Released | 11 July 2000 |
| Genre | Minimal techno, tech house |
| Label | Sanctuary |
| Swayzak chronology | |
| *Snowboarding in Argentina*
(1998) ***Himawari***
(2000) *Groovetechnology, Vol. 1.3*
(2001) | |


title: SQL Server Agent

abstract: SQL Server Agent is a component of Microsoft SQL Server which schedules jobs and handles other automated tasks. It runs as a Windows service so it can start automatically when the system boots or it can be started manually. Typical system tasks performed include scheduling maintenance plans, handling Reporting Services subscriptions and performing log shipping sub-tasks. User tasks, such as scheduling some T-SQL or command line statement are also common. SQLAgent has support for operators and alerts, so that administrators can be notified, e.g. by email.

text:
# SQL Server Agent

**SQL Server Agent** is a component of Microsoft SQL Server which schedules jobs and handles other automated tasks. It runs as a Windows service so it can start automatically when the system boots or it can be started manually.

Typical system tasks performed include scheduling maintenance plans (such as backups), handling Reporting Services subscriptions and performing log shipping sub-tasks (backup, copy, restore & check). User tasks, such as scheduling some T-SQL or command line statement are also common.

SQLAgent has support for operators and alerts, so that administrators can be notified, e.g. by email.


title: Highlife (song)

abstract: "Highlife" is a song by American hip hop group Cypress Hill. The song was released as a single from the group's fifth album, Skull & Bones.

text:
# Highlife (song)

"**Highlife**" is a song by American hip hop group Cypress Hill. The song was released as a single from the group's fifth album, *Skull & Bones*.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Can't Get the Best of Me" (Radio Edit) | 4:07 |
| 2. | "Highlife" (UK Radio Edit) | 3:52 |
| 3. | "Do You Know Who I Am" (LP Version) | 3:26 |
| 4. | "Can't Get the Best of Me" (Video Version) | 4:07 |
| Total length: | | 15:34 |

## Personnel

## Charts

| Chart (2000) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| UK Singles Chart | 35 |

* **A**  "Highlife" and "Can't Get the Best of Me" were released together as a double A-side in the United Kingdom.

## InfoBox

| "Highlife" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Cypress Hill | |
| from the album  *Skull & Bones* | |
| B-side | "Can't Get the Best of Me"\[A\] |
| Released | October 31, 2000 |
| Genre | Alternative hip hop, hardcore hip hop |
| Length | 3:52 |
| Label | Columbia |
| Songwriter(s) | Louis Freese, Lawrence Muggerud, Senen Reyes |
| Producer(s) | DJ Muggs |
| Cypress Hill singles chronology | |
| "(Rock) Superstar"
(2000) "**Highlife**"
(2000) "Can't Get the Best of Me"
(2000) | |


title: SS Harriet B.

abstract: The Harriet B. was a wooden-hulled barge that served on the Great Lakes of North America, originally as the railroad ferry Shenango No.2, then a bulk carrier and finally as an unpowered barge. She sank four miles off Two Harbors, Minnesota, on May 3, 1922, after being rammed by the steel freighter Quincy A. Shaw. Her wreck was accidentally located upright and intact in 2005 in 656 feet (200 m) of water. On August 9, 2018, the wreck of the Harriet B. was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

text:
# SS Harriet B.

The ***Harriet B.*** was a wooden-hulled barge that served on the Great Lakes of North America, originally as the railroad ferry *Shenango No.2*, then a bulk carrier and finally as an unpowered barge. She sank four miles off Two Harbors, Minnesota, on May 3, 1922, after being rammed by the steel freighter *Quincy A. Shaw*. Her wreck was accidentally located upright and intact in 2005 in 656 feet (200 m) of water. On August 9, 2018, the wreck of the *Harriet B.* was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## History

The *Shenango No.2* (Official number 116695) was built in 1895 in Toledo, Ohio, by Craig Shipbuilding. She was built for the United States & Ontario Steam Navigation Company of Conneaut, Ohio, a subsidiary Pittsburgh, Shenango & Lake Erie Railroad Company. At an overall length of 300 feet (91 m), and a between perpendiculars length of 283 feet (86 m) the *Shenango No.2* was one of the largest wooden ships ever built. She had a beam of 53 feet (16 m), and her hull was 19.33 feet (5.89 m) deep. She had a gross register tonnage of 1938.12 and a net register tonnage of 1317.92. She was powered by two 1250-horsepower fore and aft compound engines. She was launched on October 25, 1895, as hull number #69.

In 1898 the *Shenango No.2* was sold to the Detroit, Grand Rapids & Western Railroad Company of Muskegon, Michigan, and was renamed *Muskegon*. On October 20, 1898, the *Muskegon* collided with the dock & elevator of American Malting Company at Milwaukee, Wisconsin. Sometime in 1900 the *Muskegon* ran into ice and broke her rudder in a gale in an unknown location. In 1901 she was sold to the Pere Marquette Rail Road Company and was renamed *Pere Marquette 16*. On December 21, 1901, she sank at Ludington, Michigan, and was raised. In 1918 the *Pere Marquette 16* was sold to the Hammermill Paper Company of Erie, Pennsylvania, where she was cut down to a bulk freighter for use in the pulpwood trade, and was renamed *Harriet B.* In 1921 the *Harriet B.* was reduced to a barge.

## Final voyage and sinking

On May 3, 1922, the freighter *C.W. Jacob* was towing the *Harriet B.*, and another barge *Crete*; all three vessels were loaded with pulpwood. The vessels arrived near Two Harbors, Minnesota at around 1:00 a.m.; but because of heavy fog, the *Jacob*'s captain decided to wait for the fog to clear before proceeding into the harbour. The three vessels anchored about a mile off shore, and three miles southwest of the breakwater light. Meanwhile, the steel-hulled freighter *Quincy A. Shaw* was moving quickly up the lake. At 4:50 a.m., the *Shaw*'s bow appeared out of the fog and crashed into the port side of the *Harriet B.*, almost cutting her in two. After the collision, the crew of the *Harriet B.* boarded the *Shaw*. The *Harriet B.* sank twenty minutes later. After she sank, her wheelhouse washed ashore nearby.

## Discovery

The remains of the *Harriet B.* were accidentally discovered in 2005 by the University of Minnesota Duluth research boat *Blue Heron* while they were conducting a geological survey of the lake bottom. The crew of the *Blue Heron* contacted Jerry Eliason and Randy Bebe, who used drop cameras and side-scan sonar to confirm the identity of the wreck.

## The *Harriet B.* today

The *Harriet B.* rests upright, and almost totally intact in 656 feet (200 m) of water approximately four miles off Two Harbors, Minnesota. Because of the extreme depth of the wreck, diving is not advised. Jerry Eliason said that "even a brief visit to the wreck would require at least eight hours of decompression stops on the way back to the surface to complete the dive safely". The wreck is believed to be the most intact shipwreck in Minnesota waters.

## InfoBox

| The *Harriet B.* as the *Shenango No.2* | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | *Harriet B.* |
| Operator | Hammermill Paper Company |
| Builder | Craig Shipbuilding |
| Yard number | 69 |
| Launched | October 25, 1895 |
| Out of service | May 3, 1922 |
| Identification | U.S. Registry #116695 |
| Fate | Sunk 1922 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Barge |
| Tonnage |  |
| Length | * 300 feet (91 m) LOA * 283 feet (86 m) LBP |
| Beam | 53 feet (16 m) |
| Depth | 19.33 feet (5.89 m) |
| Installed power | 2 x 1250-horsepower fore and aft compound steam engines |
|  | |
| *Harriet B.* (shipwreck) | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Four miles off Two Harbors, Minnesota |
| Nearest city | Two Harbors, Minnesota |
| Coordinates | 46°57.347′N 91°37.895′W / 46.955783°N 91.631583°W / 46.955783; -91.631583 |
| Built | 1895 |
| Architect | Craig Shipbuilding Company |
| Architectural style | shipwreck site |
| MPS | Minnesota's Lake Superior Shipwrecks MPS |
| NRHP reference No. | 100002773 |
| Added to NRHP | August 9, 2018 |


abstract: Highland Falls-Fort Montgomery Central School District (HFFMCSD) is a school district headquartered in Highland Falls, New York.

text:
# Highland Falls-Fort Montgomery Central School District

**Highland Falls-Fort Montgomery Central School District** (**HFFMCSD**) is a school district headquartered in Highland Falls, New York.

## History

After 1997 the district educated students at Saint Basil Academy in Garrison after that institution stopped in-house instruction. In 2003, Highland Falls-Fort Montgomery stopped allowing St. Basil students to attend classes at Highland Falls-Fort Montgomery because St. Basil was not paying tuition for the students. Saint Basil had failed to pay $237,000 to HFFMCSD. In 2004 the New York State Education Department decided that in the meantime, the Garrison Union Free School District (which sends high school students to Highland Falls-Fort Montgomery) would be the school district for Saint Basil Academy students who originated from households residing in New York State, although the Garrison district operated in a manner that the order did not require them to pay for the education of high school students.

Frank Sheboy began his term as superintendent circa 2015.

In 2021 the agency at West Point announced that the bid to educate West Point High School students would be competitive. In March 2022 the O'Neill contract was renewed.

In 2022 Sheboy decided to leave his position.

## Service area

The district includes most of the town of Highlands and portions of the town of Woodbury. It includes the village of Highland Falls and the hamlets of Fort Montgomery and West Point. HFFMCSD's James I. O'Neill High School is one of two high schools taking students from the Garrison Union Free School District (GUFSD) as that district only educates up to 8th grade and pays to send its students elsewhere for high school. GUFSD includes sections of Philipstown and Putnam Valley towns, with the former portion including Garrison hamlet. United States Military Academy sends high school aged students who are dependents of on-base military personnel to O'Neill under contract.

## Schools


title: Highland Falls station

abstract: Highland Falls Station in Highland Falls, New York, is a former West Shore Railroad train station built in the 1880s. It was later used by the New York Central Railroad. Since the mid-20th century it has been used as a residence; the tracks are still used as a CSX freight line. It is, along with the Milton Railroad Station to the north in Ulster County, one of the few remaining original West Shore Railroad passenger stations. Its Shingle Style architecture is the most sophisticated example of that mode in the village. In 1982 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as Highland Falls Railroad Depot. It was a station for local passenger trains between Weehawken and Newburgh, and for limited trains between Weehawken and Albany. Sequentially, the station south of Highland Falls on the West Shore Railroad was Fort Montgomery. The next station, north-bound, was West Point station for the West Point Military Academy. These trains were discontinued in 1958.

text:
# Highland Falls station

**Highland Falls Station** in Highland Falls, New York, is a former West Shore Railroad train station built in the 1880s. It was later used by the New York Central Railroad. Since the mid-20th century it has been used as a residence; the tracks are still used as a CSX freight line.

It is, along with the Milton Railroad Station to the north in Ulster County, one of the few remaining original West Shore Railroad passenger stations. Its Shingle Style architecture is the most sophisticated example of that mode in the village. In 1982 it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as **Highland Falls Railroad Depot**.

It was a station for local passenger trains between Weehawken and Newburgh, and for limited trains between Weehawken and Albany. Sequentially, the station south of Highland Falls on the West Shore Railroad was Fort Montgomery. The next station, north-bound, was West Point station for the West Point Military Academy. These trains were discontinued in 1958.

## Building

The station building is located west of the tracks, currently used by CSX's Hudson River Subdivision, at the foot of Station Hill Road where it descends from downtown Highland Falls to the river. It is on a 1.2-acre (4,900 m2) sliver-shaped lot with no other development nearby and high stony bluffs to the west. To the east are the docks of a marina run from the property.

The building itself is a two-story frame building sided in two types of shingles on the second story and clapboard below, with wooden courses dividing the different sidings and then running at water table level on the first story. The pyramidal roof is pierced by a central brick chimney and three gabled dormer windows. Their ridges, as well as the roof, have decorative crockets.

A central pavilion projects from the north. On the east a shed roof shelters the former platform both north and south of the building. Two small lean-tos are on the north and west.

## History

The railroad was built through the area in 1882, and the station first appears in maps not long afterwards, in 1891. Many of the workers who had built the railroad and the station settled in nearby neighborhoods, swelling the population of what had primarily been a summer resort community and the nearest town to the West Point Military Academy. The station's highly decorative use of the Shingle Style is the best example of it in the village.

Passenger service ended in 1958. The station was then converted into a residence, retaining most of the original features.

The village attempted to negotiate with the current owners to purchase property and preserve the only public access to the river within its limits. After those broke down in early 2006, the village received a $350,000 state grant. The owners say they will not sell to the village, who they argued had bungled the deal.

## InfoBox

| Highland Falls | |
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| West profile and south elevation, 2008 | |
| General information | |
| Location | End of Station Hill Road, Highland Falls, Orange County, New York |
| Tracks | 1 |
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| Services | |
| Preceding station New York Central Railroad Following station  West Pointtoward Buffalo–Exchange Street  West Shore RailroadMain Line  Fort Montgomerytoward Weehawken | |
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| Highland Falls Railroad Depot | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
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| Location | Highland Falls, NY |
| Coordinates | 41°22′27″N 73°57′39″W / 41.37417°N 73.96083°W / 41.37417; -73.96083 |
| Area | 1.2 acres (4,900 m2) |
| Built | 1882 |
| Architect | West Shore Railroad |
| Architectural style | Shingle Style |
| MPS | Hudson Highlands MRA (see Hudson Highlands MRA) |
| NRHP reference No. | 82001218 |
| Added to NRHP | November 23, 1982 |
|  | |


title: STOML1

abstract: Stomatin-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the STOML1 gene.

text:
# STOML1

**Stomatin-like protein 1** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the *STOML1* gene.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| STOML1 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | STOML1, SLP-1, STORP, hUNC-24, stomatin like 1 | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 608326; MGI: 1916356; HomoloGene: 31265; GeneCards: STOML1; OMA:STOML1 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
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| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)      NM\_026942   RefSeq (protein)      NP\_081218   Location (UCSC) Chr 15: 73.98 – 73.99 Mb Chr 9: 58.16 – 58.17 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: STOL

abstract: A short takeoff and landing (STOL) aircraft is a conventional fixed-wing aircraft that has short runway requirements for takeoff and landing. Many STOL-designed aircraft also feature various arrangements for use on airstrips with harsh conditions. STOL aircraft, including those used in scheduled passenger airline operations, have also been operated from STOLport airfields which feature short runways.

text:
# STOL

A **short takeoff and landing** (**STOL**) aircraft is a conventional fixed-wing aircraft that has short runway requirements for takeoff and landing. Many STOL-designed aircraft also feature various arrangements for use on airstrips with harsh conditions (such as high altitude or ice). STOL aircraft, including those used in scheduled passenger airline operations, have also been operated from STOLport airfields which feature short runways.

## Design considerations

Many fixed-wing STOL aircraft are bush planes, though some, like the de Havilland Canada Dash-7, are designed for use on prepared airstrips; likewise, many STOL aircraft are taildraggers, though there are exceptions like the PAC P-750 XSTOL, the Quest Kodiak, the de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter and the Peterson 260SE. Autogyros also have STOL capability, needing a short ground roll to get airborne, but capable of a near-zero ground roll when landing.

Runway length requirement is a function of the square of the minimum flying speed (stall speed), and most design effort is spent on reducing this number. For takeoff, large power/weight ratios and low drag help the plane to accelerate for flight. The landing run is minimized by strong brakes, low landing speed, thrust reversers or spoilers (less common). Overall STOL performance is set by the length of runway needed to land or take off, whichever is longer.

Of equal importance to short ground run is the ability to clear obstacles, such as hills, on both take off and landing. For takeoff, large power/weight ratios and low drag result in a high rate of climb required to clear obstacles. For landing, high drag allows the aeroplane to descend steeply to the runway without building excess speed resulting in a longer ground run. Drag is increased by use of flaps (devices on the wings) and by a forward slip (causing the aeroplane to fly somewhat sideways through the air to increase drag).

Normally, a STOL aircraft will have a large wing for its weight. These wings often use aerodynamic devices like flaps, slots, slats, and vortex generators. Typically, designing an aircraft for excellent STOL performance reduces maximum speed, but does not reduce payload lifting ability. The payload is critical, because many small, isolated communities rely on STOL aircraft as their only transportation link to the outside world for passengers or cargo; examples include many communities in the Canadian north and Alaska.

Most STOL aircraft can land either on- or off-airport. Typical off-airport landing areas include snow or ice (using skis), fields or gravel riverbanks (often using special fat, low-pressure tundra tires), and water (using floats): these areas are often extremely short and obstructed by tall trees or hills. Wheel skis and amphibious floats combine wheels with skis or floats, allowing the choice of landing on snow/water or a prepared runway.

## Kits

A number of aircraft modification companies offer STOL kits for improving short-field performance.

* Crosswinds STOL of Wasilla, Alaska, sells STOL kits for light aircraft, including leading edge cuffs, tip spill plates, inboard flap extensions and STOL fences. The company offers kits for Piper PA-12, PA-14, PA-18, PA-20 and 22, Bellanca Champion Model 7 series, Cessna 170B, 180 and 185.
* Horton, Inc, of Wellington, Kansas, offers STOL kits under the brand name *Horton STOL-Craft*, emphasizing that the modifications increase safety by allowing forced landings to occur at lower speeds and thus improve survivability. The Horton modifications include a drooped leading edge cuff, conical cambered wingtips, control surface gap seals and wing fences. The company says: "On an average you can expect to get a 4-7 knot reduction in stall speeds. Flying at these lower stall speeds you can reduce the take-off and landing distances by 10%". Horton STOL kits are available for several Cessna and Piper PA-28 models.
* Micro AeroDynamics markets vortex generator modification kits for "STOL benefits". The Micro kits are small vortex generators that are glued to the wing leading edge, as well as the underside of the elevator and on the fin. Kits are available for a large number of light aircraft types.
* Sierra Industries sells Robertson STOL kits, marketed under the name R/STOL, incorporate a drooped leading edge cuff, wing fences, drooping ailerons and an automatic trim system. The company says that installation "allows 15 to 25 MPH slower approaches and requires up to 40% less runway distance". R/STOL kits are available for various Cessna models.
* Stolairus Aviation of Kelowna, British Columbia, has developed STOL Kits for the de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver and de Havilland Canada DHC-3 Otter to increase lift and reduce stall speeds. The DHC-2 Beaver STOL Kit includes a contoured leading edge, flap-gap seals, wing fences and drooped wingtips. The DHC-3 Otter STOL Kit includes a contoured leading edge and drooped wingtips.

## STOLport

A STOLport is an airport designed with STOL operations in mind, normally having a short single runway.

STOLports are not common but can be found, for example, at London City Airport in London, United Kingdom. There were also several STOLports in the United States that were used for scheduled passenger airline operations but are now no longer in existence.

## CESTOL

Cruise-efficient short takeoff and landing (CESTOL), is an aircraft with both very short runway requirements and high cruise speeds (greater than Mach 0.8).

## Definitions

Many different definitions of STOL have been used by different authorities and nations at various times and for a myriad of regulatory and military purposes. Some accepted definitions of STOL include:

> short takeoff and landing: (DOD/NATO) The ability of an aircraft to clear a 50-foot (15 meters) obstacle within 1,500 feet (450 meters) of commencing takeoff or in landing, to stop within 1,500 feet (450 meters) after passing over a 50-foot (15 meters) obstacle. Also called STOL.
>
> Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms (JP 1-02)

> STOL (Short Take Off and Landing). STOL performance of an aircraft is the ability of aircraft to take off and clear a 50-foot obstruction in a distance of 1,500 feet from beginning the takeoff run. It must also be able to stop within 1,500 feet after crossing a 50-foot obstacle on landing.
>
> *Dictionary of Aeronautical Terms*

> An aircraft that, at some weight within its approved operating weight, is capable of operating from a STOL runway in compliance with the applicable STOL characteristics and airworthiness, operations, noise, and pollution standards" and ""aircraft" means any machine capable of deriving support in the atmosphere
>
> Transport Canada and Arizona Department of Transportation

> A STOL aircraft is an aircraft with a certified performance capability to execute approaches along a glideslope of 6 degrees or steeper and to execute missed approaches at a climb gradient sufficient to clear a 15:1 missed approach surface at sea level... A STOL runway is one which is specifically designated and marked for STOL aircraft operations, and designed and maintained to specified standards.
>
> US Federal Aviation Administration

> Heavier-than-air craft that cannot take off and land vertically, but can operate within areas substantially more confined than those normally required by aircraft of the same size. Derived from short takeoff and landing aircraft.
>
> McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific & Technical Terms

> short takeoff and landing aircraft (STOL), heavier-than-air craft, capable of rising from and descending to the ground with only a short length of runway, but incapable of doing so vertically. The precise definition of an STOL aircraft has not been universally agreed upon. However, it has been tentatively defined as an aircraft that upon taking off needs only 1,000 ft (305 m) of runway to clear a 50-ft (15-m) obstacle at the end of that distance and upon landing can clear the same obstacle and then land within 1,000 ft.
>
> Columbia Encyclopedia

> The STOL mode of flight is one during which an airplane taking off or landing is operated at climb-out and approach speeds lower than the conventionally accepted margins of airspeed above the power-off stalling speed of the airplane.
>
> Lieutenant Colonel Walter P. Maiersperger, USAF (Ret)

Additionally, some aircraft manufacturers market their products as STOL without providing evidence that the aircraft meets any accepted definition.

## InfoBox

| External videos | |
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| STOL Ultralight taking off and landing | |