title: Neptune (Italian band)

abstract: Neptune is an Italian melodic death metal band from Verona, that was founded in 1999. Their influences are based upon melodic death metal acts such as; Hatesphere, In Flames, Soilwork, Dark Tranquillity, Disarmonia Mundi, At the Gates and The Haunted.

text:
# Neptune (Italian band)

**Neptune** is an Italian melodic death metal band from Verona, that was founded in 1999. Their influences are based upon melodic death metal acts such as; Hatesphere, In Flames, Soilwork, Dark Tranquillity, Disarmonia Mundi, At the Gates and The Haunted.

## History

Formed in 1999 by Mattia Nidini (vocals), Andrea Mameli (guitar), Francesco Moro (guitar), Francesco Adami (bass) and Corrado Zoccatelli (drums), Neptune played death metal much akin to their influences of Dark Tranquility and In Flames. They released a three-song demo entitled *Synthbreed* in 2002 that received positive reviews from webzines and magazines. For two years, the band performed locally with their material and released *Perfection and Failure* in 2004.

In 2005, the band played at Metalcamp in Slovenia and was their first tour outside their country. In Summer 2006, the band started recording sessions with Disarmonia Mundi's Ettore Rigotti at Db Studios in Turin, Italy. When recording was completed, the band waited for a record deal and joined fellow Italian band Bleed in Vain for the Deathcore Smash Your Head Tour in their local city.

The band recently signed with Austrian label Noisehead Records for their debut album, *Acts of Supremacy*, produced by Ettore Rigotti. Their debut album, *Acts of Supremacy*, was released on April 11, 2008.

## Band lineup

### Current members

* Mattia "Tia" Nidini − vocals
* Mattia Filippi − \[guitars\]
* Claudio Giacometti − \[guitar\]
* Francesco "Cesco" Adami − bass
* Corrado "Corradino" Zoccatelli − drums

### Former members

* Luca "Tex" Tezza - guitar
* Mirko "Cape" Capellari - guitar
* Francesco "Kekko" Moro − guitar
* Andrea "Andrax" Mameli − guitar
* Aldo Colognato − guitar
* Alessio de Antoni − keyboards
* Andrea Pinamonte − bass

## Discography

## InfoBox

| Neptune | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Verona, Italy |
| Genres | Melodic death metal |
| Years active | 1999–present |
| Labels | Noisehead |
|  | |
| Members | Mattia "Tia" Nidini
Mattia "Phil" Filippi
Claudio Giacometti
Francesco "Cesco" Adami
Corrado "Corradino" Zoccatelli |
|  | |
| Past members | Aldo Colognato
Andrea "Pina" Pinamonte
Alessio "Perro" de Antoni
Francesco "Kekko" Moro
Andrea "Andrax" Mameli
Mirko "Cape" Capellari
Luca "Tex" Tezza |
|  | |
| Website | Neptune official site |


title: Peripheral head-mounted display

abstract: A peripheral head-mounted display (PHMD) is avisual display mounted to the user's head that is in the peripheral of the user's field of view (FOV) / peripheral vision. Whereby the actual position of the mounting is considered to be irrelevant as long as it does not cover the entire FOV. While a PHMD provide an additional, always-available visual output channel, it does not limit the user performing real world tasks. The term PHMD includes devices such as Google Glass, which are often misclassified as a Head-up display (HUD) if following the original definition by NASA. While NASA defined this term over centuries of space flight research, it actually describes a display that addresses the eyes-free problem, by absolving the user from the need to angle down their head. Furthermore, it provides augmented information in the user's forward field of view (FOV), which is commonly projected on a windshield. In contrast, the Head-Down Display (HDD) is located at the instrument control panel. Also, a HUD is mainly used to augment additional information into reality, which is technically not feasible yet for products such as Google Glass. This taxonomy for head-mounted displays is based on the property of its functionality and the ability of the human eye to perceive peripheral information, instead of being technology-dependent. In this article Human Factors for visual perception are being summarized, which are important to be taken into consideration when designing visual interfaces for PHMDs.

text:
# Peripheral head-mounted display

A **peripheral head-mounted display** (**PHMD**) is avisual display (monocular or binocular) mounted to the user's head that is in the peripheral of the user's field of view (FOV) / peripheral vision. Whereby the actual position of the mounting (as the display technology) is considered to be irrelevant as long as it does not cover the entire FOV. While a PHMD provide an additional, always-available visual output channel, it does not limit the user performing real world tasks.

The term PHMD includes devices such as Google Glass, which are often misclassified as a Head-up display (HUD) if following the original definition by NASA. While NASA defined this term over centuries of space flight research, it actually describes a display that addresses the eyes-free problem, by absolving the user from the need to angle down their head. Furthermore, it provides augmented information in the user's forward field of view (FOV), which is commonly projected on a windshield. In contrast, the Head-Down Display (HDD) is located at the instrument control panel. Also, a HUD is mainly used to augment additional information into reality, which is technically not feasible yet for products such as Google Glass (lens focus on the display causes a blurred environment – see figure below).

This taxonomy for head-mounted displays is based on the property of its functionality and the ability of the human eye to perceive peripheral information, instead of being technology-dependent. In this article Human Factors for visual perception are being summarized, which are important to be taken into consideration when designing visual interfaces for PHMDs.

## Characteristics

The most important uniqueness is that the user's FOV is not being fully covered, allowing the user to perform real world tasks without limitations, while not having the pretension to raise or create immersion, such as HMDs often aim for. For current display technologies, while projecting image onto the eye, the screen needs to be focused by the pupil to enable a clear reading of the screen, thus the environment becomes blurred and out-of-focus. So a PHMD such as Google Glass is capable of displaying detailed information, when the pupil is focusing the display itself, as it also allows for peripheral information when the eye focuses on the real world. Still, simple information such as notifications are perceivable when focusing on the real world instead of the display.

## Physiological Factors: Visual Perception

Research shows that designing an optimal visual output for Head-Mounted Displays is a complex issue, since there are several physiological factors that significantly impact users’ perception. The following effects are known in research:

### Depth of Focus / Field

Switches permanently by refocusing on objects, which are different in distances to the user. A display mounted somehow to user's eye has fixed focal distance. Focusing information such as presented on a screen leads to a change in the depth of focus. This causes blurring of information presented at other layers, which especially degrades the perception of high spatial frequency information such as text.

### Eye-Movements

Are actually done at a specific angle of 10°. To focus an object out of this angle, head movements are used automatically for support. However, when wearing an HMD with eye-movements that exceed this angle, since head movements do not have any effect on the interface, a drop in comfort might occur due to tired eye muscle.

### Field-Of-View

Describes the FOV. The User's eye has a viewing angle of 94° from the center and 62° on the nose side. The vertical angle is about 60° upwards and 75° downwards. HMDs often do not cover the whole FOV, which is also a reason for increased cybersickness.

### Binocular Rivalry

Describes the phenomenon, which occurs when dissimilar images are presented to the human eye. As the two images captured by each eye are incompatible for stereo processing, they fight for visual dominance over the other eye's side view, resulting in alternating views from the two eyes, where the non-dominant view is almost unseen. This effect often occurs when wearing a monocular HMD. In this setup, researchers also observed objects that completely vanish for several seconds from user's attention.

### Visual Interference

Describes the phenomenon when both eyes perceive different images that are overlapping, but the brain is not able to distinguish between those. This phenomenon is also known as the inability for visual separation.

### Phoria

Describes a muscle state of the eye, when the eyes are not focusing on a specific point. There are three different states, which can be distinguished: Esophoria, Exophoria, Orthophoria. While one eye is closed or being obstructed by a display, phoria can occur, which has the potential to cause Vertigo and Nausea as well.

### Eye-Dominance

Although the user has two eyes, one eye is predominantly used. The other eye is used to make corrections and provide additional spatial information. It is recommended to wear a monocular HMD over the dominant eye.

## Peripheral Perception

While most of these factors mentioned above become problematic when both eyes are covered with displays, a single display resting in the peripheral vision can be considered to be unproblematic, since it does not permanently influence the perceived picture of the real world.

As mentioned earlier, there are two types of information being perceivable with a peripheral head mounted display: (1) detailed information: when consciously focusing on the display and (2) peripheral information: through the human's visual perception, when focusing at the 'real world'. (see also picture above)

Most obvious changes are “motion”, which can be perceived over the whole spectrum of the FOV. In a smaller angle, change in color is also quite well perceivable (see figure). In contrast, perceiving shapes and reading text requires very dedicated attention of the pupil. However, when being very focused on a dedicated task, rough changes in shapes are still perceivable in a peripheral way. Even in the field of Human-Computer Interaction, there have been investigations on this visual “peripheral channel”, such as peripheral color perception with eyeglasses. Furthermore, researchers proposed to additionally utilize an eye tracker for a peripheral head-mounted display, in order to improve user experience. There has also been investigations on which display positions are most suitable. It has been found out that notifications presented at the middle and bottom areas of our human vision is more noticeable. However, top and middle positions are less distracting and more comfortable and preferred by the users. Among all the positions, the middle right position was found to strike the best balance between noticeability, comfort, and distraction.

While most HMDs suffer badly of the effects of binocular rivalry, Depth of Field and Phoria it is different for the PHMD. Since the PHMD is not totally covering the FOV and also not augmenting information on real objects, it is not affected by known problems monocular HMDs usually suffer from, such as the effect of attention switching between reality and projection. Such problems have been figured out over centuries of airspace research and usually occur when trying to augment reality. These potential dangers, when operating in critical situations, such as taking part in traffic, are less pronounced for PHMDs.

## Peripheral Interaction

Since the PHMD is resting in the peripheral of the user's FOV, it has a high availability and can be quickly demanded by focusing it. Furthermore, significant changes - depending on the stimuli - of the screen content is still perceivable without focusing the display. This effect can be used to design peripheral information (e.g. such as visual notifications for incoming emails, approaching appointments, warnings). An efficient response to such perceived information could be accomplished in quick peripheral input, such as a quick hand movement. This way, the user is not being greatly interrupted while completing real world tasks. In Human-Computer Interaction research this is also denoted as Peripheral Interaction

Notwithstanding, suitable input modalities for PHMDs that are not socially awkward remain to be discovered. Negative or positive social effects by wearing a PHMD and devoting attention on the screen while taking part in a conversation might be present, but are not proven yet. In addition, taking part in traffic while focusing on a visual input modality can lead to a considerable decrease of attention to the road (see also Semantic memory & Multimodal Interaction). However, compared to smartphone interaction, a quick switch to real world tasks is attainable, because there is no need for getting the device out of a pocket or bag. Furthermore, a PHMD does not need to be held by the user's hands, which offers a fully hands-free interaction. Since it is always available, it can provide peripheral visual information at any time, whereas peripheral information on smartphone in a pocket is not at all or barely perceivable (e.g. in a club/discothèque, while walking).


title: Phi Lambda Upsilon

abstract: Phi Lambda Upsilon National Honorary Chemical Society (ΦΛΥ) was founded in 1899 at the Noyes Laboratory of the University of Illinois. Phi Lambda Upsilon was the first honor society dedicated to scholarship in a single discipline, chemistry.

text:
# Phi Lambda Upsilon

**Phi Lambda Upsilon** National Honorary Chemical Society (**ΦΛΥ**) was founded in 1899 at the Noyes Laboratory of the University of Illinois. Phi Lambda Upsilon was the first honor society dedicated to scholarship in a single discipline, chemistry.

## Objectives

The aims and purposes of the Society are summarized in its constitution – the promotion of high scholarship and original investigation in all branches of pure and applied chemistry. The founders envisioned a society dedicated to these objectives which would serve the field of chemistry in much the same manner as Phi Beta Kappa does the humanities; Sigma Xi, scientific research; and Tau Beta Pi, engineering. Throughout its history, Phi Lambda Upsilon has been consistently devoted to its objectives as an Honor Society.

## History

Phi Lambda Upsilon was founded as an honorary chemical society in March 1899, at the University of Illinois. This was the first honor society dedicated to a single scientific discipline. A survey of our history reveals three distinct periods. Founding, growth and entrenchment of Alpha chapter at the University of Illinois comprise the first period. The second period began in 1906 when Beta chapter was established at the University of Wisconsin. Five more chapters were chartered prior to 29 June 1911, the date of the convention at Indianapolis at which the national society was organized and the second period reached its culmination. From 1911 to date, the Society has effected a gradual rise in the standards for membership. This period has also been characterized by the development of programs of activity within the chapters consistent with the honorary character of the Society.

Phi Lambda Upsilon has installed more than seventy-five chapters with approximately 60,000 members.

## Membership

Members are elected by the chapters or At-Large on the basis of their academic achievement and promise. Membership includes exceptional students of pure and applied chemistry selected from the junior, senior, or graduate classes, and also from well qualified members of faculties, staffs, as well as from selected post-doctoral students engaged in chemical endeavors in affiliation with qualified institutions of higher learning.

### Honorary Membership

Honorary membership is the highest honor the Society may bestow upon an individual. Honorary members are scientists of national or international reputation in a field of chemistry and are chosen by a vote of the chapters. Regular membership in the Society in no way precludes later election to honorary membership. This honor has been bestowed upon only two hundred and ten individuals in the ninety-five year history of the Society. The roll of honorary members includes the names of prominent American and foreign chemists, including virtually all American Nobel Laureates in Chemistry.

## Triennial Congress

The executive committee meets triennially with delegates from local chapters nationwide every 3 years to discuss the business of PLU and to elect the national officers for the next triennium. National officers are elected from PLU members that are faculty, governmental, or industrial chemists. Voting delegates are graduate or undergraduate PLU members with each chapter being able to cast one vote on each issue raised or national office being elected. Active chapters may send one voting delegate whose travel expenses will be reimbursed, although additional delegates from a given chapter and At-large members are also invited to attend.

## InfoBox

| Phi Lambda Upsilon | |
| --- | --- |
| ΦΛΥ | |
|  | |
| Founded | March 1899 (1899-03)
University of Illinois |
| Type | Honor society |
| Affiliation | Independent |
| Status | Active |
| Emphasis | Chemistry |
| Scope | National |
| Colors | Pink Litmus and   Blue Litmus |
| Symbol | Retort, Liebig bulb, formula for ortho-bromotoluene |
| Publication | *The Register* |
| Chapters | 67 |
| Members | 55,000 lifetime |
| Headquarters | c/o Dr. Deborah Bromfield Lee
Department of Chemistry and Physics
Florida Southern College
111 Lake Hollinsworth Drive
Lakeland, Florida 33801-5698
United States |
| Website | philambdaupsilon.org |


title: Moyie River

abstract: The Moyie River is a 92-mile (148 km) long tributary of the Kootenai River in the U.S. state of Idaho and the Canadian province of British Columbia. The Moyie River is part of the Columbia River basin, being a tributary of the Kootenay River, which is a tributary to the Columbia River.

text:
# Moyie River

The **Moyie River** is a 92-mile (148 km) long tributary of the Kootenai River (spelled Kootenay River in Canada) in the U.S. state of Idaho and the Canadian province of British Columbia. The Moyie River is part of the Columbia River basin, being a tributary of the Kootenay River, which is a tributary to the Columbia River.

## Course

The Moyie River originates in southeast British Columbia. It flows northeast and east, collecting many headwater streams, before turning south and entering Moyie Lake. The river exits Moyie Lake to the south, flowing south and west by the village of Yahk, British Columbia, and Yahk Provincial Park before entering Idaho at Kingsgate, British Columbia, and Eastport, Idaho.

In Idaho, the Moyie River flows nearly due south, emptying into the Kootenai River near Moyie Springs, Idaho, several miles east of Bonners Ferry, Idaho. Near its mouth, the Moyie River tumbles over Moyie Falls. Near the falls is Moyie Dam, constructed in 1949.

The river has several oddly named pairs of tributaries. South of Moyie Lake the river collects the tributaries of Sunrise Creek and then Sundown Creek. Farther south, it collects Irishman Creek and then Englishman Creek. At Yahk, Hawkins Creek joins the Moyie River. Hawkins Creek has two tributaries that begin in the United States and flow north into Canada: Canuck Creek and America Creek. Another odd name occurring along the river is the town of Good Grief, Idaho.

The river is paralleled by the Crowsnest Highway in British Columbia, and, briefly, U.S. Route 95 in Idaho. The river is also paralleled by railroads: the Union Pacific in Idaho and the Canadian Pacific in British Columbia.

In Idaho, the Moyie River and its tributaries lie almost entirely within Kaniksu National Forest.

## Natural history

Moyie Falls, near the mouth of the river, effectively blocks the migration of fish. In addition, various dams on the Kootenay River block fish migration. There are resident Kokanee salmon in the upper Moyie River and in Moyie Lake. These were introduced during the 1940s and since then naturalized.

## History

According to British Columbia's Geographical Names Information System, the word "Moyie" is a corruption of the French "mouiller" or "mouillé", a name given by fur trappers referring to the wet conditions, also described by David Thompson in 1808. Thompson called the river "McDonald's River". Governor Simpson called it "Grand Quête River". Captain Palliser called it "Choe-coos River". The name "Moyie" was originally pronounced "moo-YAY", indicating its French origin, but today is commonly pronounced "mo-YAY". In 1923 the Eileen dam (previously known as the Moyie dam) was constructed where Skin Creek enters the river about five miles upstream of Moyie Falls. It was anchored to a weak rock structure which washed away in 1925 due to flooding. The arch still remains intact.

According to the USGS, variant names for the Moyie River include: Methow, Mojie, Mooyie, and Moyea.

## Recreation

The Moyie River has multiple recreation opportunities including camping, hunting, fishing, hiking, gold panning, canoeing, kayaking and white water rafting. At this time, recreational boaters do not need a permit to float the Moyie River. Information about current water flows is available through the United States Geological Survey.

## Water quality

An analysis of 11 years of results from a water quality monitoring station on the Moyie River near Kingsgate just north of the Canadian border stated that the river's water quality was "generally good", but with some metal levels exceeding provincial limits during freshets (high water events on a river resulting from snow and river ice melting or from heavy rain). E.coli and fecal coliform measurements indicated that the river's water could not be used for drinking water without filtration and disinfection. Other reports about water quality at that location have also been published.\<ref\>"Water quality assessment of Moyie Creek at Kingsgate (1980-2004)" (PDF). Victoria, B.C.: \[Water, Air and Climate Change Branch\], Ministry of Environment. 2005. OCLC 858656570.

## InfoBox

| Moyie River | |
| --- | --- |
| Moyie River at Eastport, Idaho | |
| Location of the mouth of the Moyie River in IdahoMoyie River (the United States) | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States, Canada |
| State | Idaho |
| Province | British Columbia |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth | Kootenay River |
| location | Moyie Springs, Idaho |
| coordinates | 48°59′59″N 116°10′51″W / 48.99972°N 116.18083°W / 48.99972; -116.18083 |
| elevation | 1,768 ft (539 m) |
| Length | 92 mi (148 km) |
| Basin size | 208 sq mi (540 km2) |
|  | |
| Discharge |  |
| location | near Eastport, ID |
| average | 685 cu ft/s (19.4 m3/s) |
| minimum | 23 cu ft/s (0.65 m3/s) |
| maximum | 8,930 cu ft/s (253 m3/s) |
|  | |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries |  |
| right | Little Moyie River |


title: Muhammad al-Warghi

abstract: Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad bin Aḥmad al-Warghi, was a Tunisian writer and poet in the 18th century. he belonged to the tribe of Warghah, which was settling near the city of Kef in the south, or said to be on the border of Tunisia and Algeria. Al-Warghi was educated and taught during the reign of Ali Bey I, and was his court poet. His wulogy poetry is divided between Ali Bey I and Ali II.

text:
# Muhammad al-Warghi

**Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad bin Aḥmad al-Warghi** (Arabic: محمد الورغي), (circa 1713 – 1776) was a Tunisian writer and poet in the 18th century. he belonged to the tribe of Warghah, which was settling near the city of Kef in the south, or said to be on the border of Tunisia and Algeria.

Al-Warghi was educated and taught during the reign of Ali Bey I, and was his court poet. His wulogy poetry is divided between Ali Bey I and Ali II.

## Biography

Mohammed bin Ahmed al-Wrghi was born in the village of Wargha, located at Jabal Warghahh between the village of Al-Tuwairf and the city of El Kef, around 1707–1713. He first joined the Madrasahs and learned the Qur'an, fiqh, history, modern sciences, logic, Arabic linguistics at the Al-Zaytuna Mosque in Tunis. Then, He sat down to teach at Al-Zaytouna Mosque later, and worked as a writer in the office of Ali Bey I. He was imprisoned in 1755 during the reign of Muhammad I ar-Rashid and died in 1776.

## InfoBox

| Muhammad al-Warghi | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | circa 1713
Kef Governorate |
| Died | 1776
Kef Governorate |
| Occupation(s) | writer, poet, teacher |
| Notable work | *Maqamat* |


title: Music IS

abstract: Music IS is a solo studio album by American jazz guitarist Bill Frisell, which was released on the OKeh label on March 16, 2018.

text:
# Music IS

***Music IS*** is a solo studio album by American jazz guitarist Bill Frisell, which was released on the OKeh label on March 16, 2018.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *The Absolute Sound* |  |
| AllMusic |  |
| *All About Jazz* |  |
| *Financial Times* |  |
| *Jazz Forum* |  |
| Tom Hull | B+ |
| *The Times* |  |

On *PopMatters*, Will Layman wrote, "*Music Is* is just Frisell and his guitars, usually overdubbed in subtle layers of sound, playing both old tunes of his and new compositions, sounding uniquely like himself: haunted and lyrical, pastoral and quirky at the same time ... *Music Is* not only revisits wonderful Frisell songs from decades ago, but it also gives us the chance to recall why Frisell always mattered—in jazz—as a guitar innovator". Matt Collar of AllMusic states, "With *Music IS*, Frisell offers an intimate window into his creative process, an open conversation with himself. Thankfully, that conversation also remains open to, and deeply satisfying for, the listener". On All About Jazz, John Kelman said "Hopefully artists evolve over the course of their careers, but every now and then evolution becomes revolution, and Music IS is, indeed, revolutionary. Frisell has come a long way since his first major label appearance with Eberhard Weber, on the German bassist's *Fluid Rustle* (ECM, 1979), with every album reflecting some kind of development and, more importantly, musical assimilation. But Music IS represents a significant leap forward for Frisell as a guitarist, composer and conceptualist".

Damian Fanelli of *Guitar World* wrote, "The focus of Music IS is on the telling of musical stories from Frisell's original and inimitable perspective: some of the interpretations being naked, exposed and truly solo, while others are more orchestrated through overdubbed layering and the use of his unparalleled approach to looping". Larry Blumenfeld of *The Wall Street Journal* said, "A new album serves as a reminder that the guitarist is a distinctive composer, crafting music that is simultaneously accessible and subversive."

## Track listing

All compositions by Bill Frisell

1. "Pretty Stars" – 3:58
2. "Winslow Homer" – 3:27
3. "Change in the Air" – 2:20
4. "What Do You Want?" – 2:45
5. "Thankful" – 5:10
6. "Ron Carter" – 4:44
7. "Think About it" – 1:00
8. "In Line" – 5:00
9. "Rambler" – 6:33
10. "The Pioneers" – 4:13
11. "Monica Jane" – 5:39
12. "Miss You" – 3:34
13. "Go Happy Lucky" – 2:55
14. "Kentucky Derby" – 2:05
15. "Made to Shine" – 2:21
16. "Rambler" \[Alternate Version\] – 2:50 Bonus Track

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Music IS | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Bill Frisell | |
| Released | March 16, 2018 |
| Recorded | August 23–27, 2017 |
| Studio | Flora Recording & Playback, Portland, OR |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 58:34 |
| Label | OKeh
19075815002 |
| Producer | Lee Townsend |
| Bill Frisell chronology | |
| *Small Town*
(2017) ***Music IS***
(2018) *Harmony*
(2019) | |


title: Robert Dick (flutist)

abstract: Robert Dick is a flutist, composer, teacher, inventor, and author. His musical style is a mix of classical, world music, electronic and jazz. 2014, the National Flute Association awarded Dick its Lifetime Achievement Award. The New York Times said his “technical resources and imagination seem limitless" while JazzTimes called him “revolutionary.” Dick invented the "glissando headjoint" a custom flute modification allowing the player to achieve effects similar to the whammy bar of an electric guitar.

text:
# Robert Dick (flutist)

Denmark 2023

**Robert Dick** (born January 4, 1950) is a flutist, composer, teacher, inventor, and author.

His musical style is a mix of classical, world music, electronic and jazz. 2014, the National Flute Association awarded Dick its Lifetime Achievement Award. The *New York Times* said his “technical resources and imagination seem limitless" while *JazzTimes* called him “revolutionary.”

Dick invented the "glissando headjoint" a custom flute modification allowing the player to achieve effects similar to the whammy bar of an electric guitar.

## Early life and history

Robert Dick was born and raised in New York City. He began playing the flute in the fourth grade, after hearing the piccolo on the radio in the Top 40 hit “Rockin’ Robin". His primary teachers were Henry Zlotnik, James Pappoutsakis, Julius Baker and Thomas Nyfenger.

As a teenager, Dick wanted to become an orchestral flutist, and played first flute in the Senior Orchestra at the High School of Music and Art and also the New York All-City High School Orchestra. “Studies with him (Julius Baker) were geared toward becoming an orchestral player, and that was my dream at the time. But as I grew out of that dream, I realized that my training really hadn’t provided a look at music from the inside, which is what I needed—particularly the idea that music is generated from hearing within and recognizing what you are hearing.” He became a soloist and composer.

At Yale College, Dick earned a BA degree, and met Robert Morris, a composer and theorist, who mentored him as he wrote his first compositions. While at Yale, Dick wrote his first book: *THE OTHER FLUTE: A Performance Manual of Contemporary Techniques*, and then earned his master's degree in composition, studying with Morris as well as electronic music with Bulant Arel and Jacob Druckman.

While attending Yale's graduate school, Dick composed “Afterlight,” a flute piece that used multiphonics as its basis. “Afterlight” received a BMI Oliver Daniel Prize.

## Career

After leaving school in Spring 1973, Dick lived in New Haven, Connecticut until September 1977, when he moved to Buffalo, New York to join the contemporary music group, the Creative Associates. Dick was a member of the group until June 1980. While in New Haven, he wrote his second book *Tone Development through Extended Technique* and began to develop himself as an improviser and composer.

Dick spent six months in Paris from July - December 1978 working at I.R.C.A.M. (Institute of Research and Coordination, Acoustics and Music) developing his idea for a new flute mechanism. The first prototype was made by Albert Cooper in London in 1984. This design remains unfinished.

From Fall 1980 until Spring 1992, Dick lived in New York City, developing his compositions, improvisations and wrote *Circular Breathing for the Flutist*. In this period, he self-published The Revised Edition of *THE OTHER FLUTE: A Performance Manual of Contemporary Technique* and his later books, compositions and instructional recordings through his Multiple Breath Music Company. In 1986, he left the role of concert soloist in contemporary music to perform his own music and the music of composer-performer collaborators exclusively. Dick performed a recital of his own works as part of the New York Philharmonic’s Horizons 84 Festival at Avery Fisher Hall in 1984.

In May 1992, he moved to Switzerland for ten years, continuing his career as a composer-performer. He returned to the US in 2002, as Visiting assistant professor of Flute at the University of Iowa. In July 2003, he returned to New York City. Since July 2013, Dick has been dividing his time between New York City and Kassel, Germany, where his children Sebastian (born 2006) and Leonie (born 2008) live with their mother, composer-pianist Ursel Schlicht.

Dick's recitals today primarily consist of his compositions and improvisations, occasionally incorporating the influences of Paul Hindemith, Georg Philipp Telemann and Jimi Hendrix into his repertoire.

As an instructor, Dick created a method and practice of teaching for flutists that he documented in his books: *Tone Development through Extended Techniques*, and *Circular Breathing for the Flutist* and the two volumes of *FLYING LESSONS: Six Contemporary Concert Etudes*. He teaches masters classes at hundreds of international universities.

Dick is the inventor of the Glissando Headjoint, a trademarked telescoping flute mouthpiece which allows the flutist to slide and extend notes.

As a composer, Dick's work has been recognized by a Koussevitzky Foundation Commission, a Guggenheim Fellowship and two NEA Composers Fellowships, among many grants and commissions. Dick has composed a new work for the National Flute Association Young Artist Competition. He has recorded over 20 albums and appeared as a guest on many other recordings.

## Discography

### As Leader

* *Three Weeks in Cincinnati in December* 2017 (New World 80789-2) Robert Dick performs the flute work of William Hellermann.
* *Our Cells Know* 2016 (Tzadik 4015) Solo improvisations on the contrabass flute.
* *The Galilean Moons* 2016 (NEMU 017) Robert Dick on flutes and Ursel Schlicht on piano.
* *Flutes and Voices* 2010 (Mutable Music17541-2) Robert Dick, flutes and piccolo and Thomas Buckner, baritone.
* *Doh Tala* 2008 (Epoch Music) Free improvisation by Robert Dick, Steve Baczkowski and Ravi Padmanabha.
* *Photosphere* 2006 (NEMU 002) Robert Dick and Ursel Schlicht are flute-piano duo.
* *IS* 2004 (Caliente 245 360 24-2) King Chubby are Robert Dick, flutes; Ed Bialek, samplers and keyboards; Will Ryan, percussion and handmade instruments; Mark Egan, electric bass; Michael D’Agostino, drums and percussion.
* *Columns of Air* 2003 (Future Tickle Music) Jaron Lanier, multiple instrumentalist, Robert Dick on flute with singer Alan Kushanon in two pieces.
* *Vindonissa* 2003 (ECM 1836) Violinist Paul Giger, flutist Robert Dick and drummer Satoshi Takeishi on an album released only in Europe.
* *Other Times* 2002 (KC1) King Chubby album
* *The Twelve Fantasies for Flute Alone by G.P. Telemann* 2001 (Callisto Records CLS0101, Italy) Disc 1: Robert Dick on flute and piccolo; Disc 2: Lorenzo Cavasanti on period instruments, traversi and recorders; Disc 3: Multimedia disc with scores, photos, interviews.
* *Sic Bisquitus Disintegrat (That’s the Way the Cookie Crumbles)* 2000 (Enja Records 9361-2, Germany) The A.D.D. Trio is Robert Dick, flutes; Christy Doran, electric guitar and delay devices; and Steve Argüelles, drums.
* *GUDIRA* 1999 (Nuscope Records 1003, USA) Gudira is Robert Dick, flutes, piccolo; Barry Guy, contabass; Randy Raine-Reusch, Asian Zithers, Asian and Middle Eastern winds, percussion.
* *In Full Armour* 1998 (UNIT Records UTR 4107, Switzerland) OSCURA LUMINOSA features Robert Dick, flutes; Petia Kaufmann, harpsichord; Dorothea Schürch, vocals; Conrad Steinmann, recorders; Alfred Zimmerlin, cello.
* *Jazz Standards on Mars* 1997 (Enja Records 9327-2, Germany) Robert Dick with Dave Soldier and the Soldier String Quartet plus rhythm section guests.
* *Potion* 1997 (Les Disques Victo 053, Canada) New Winds are Robert Dick, flutes; Herb Robertson, trumpet; Ned Rothenberg, alto sax, bass clarinet and clarinet.
* *Aurealis* 1997 (Les Disques Victo 052, Canada) As Trio Aurealis, Robert Dick plays flutes; John Wolf Brennan piano; and Daniele Patumi, contrabass.
* *Irrefragable Dreams* 1996 (Random Acoustics, Germany 018) Flutist Robert Dick with violinist Mari Kimura
* *Instinct* 1996 (Bellaphon, Germany LR 45104) The ADD Trio.
* *Worlds of IF* 1995 (Leo Records, England CD LR 224) Robert Dick with flutes, piccolo, and a duet with Ned Rothenberg played various woodwind instruments
* *Digging it Harder From Afar* 1994 (Les Disques Victo, Canada cd 028) New Winds perform
* *Third Stone from the Sun* 1993 (New World/CounterCurrents, U.S.A. #80435-2) with Dave Soldier and the Soldier String Quartet
* *Steel and Bamboo* 1993 (O.O. Discs, U.S.A. #12) The duo of Robert Dick, flute, and Steve Gorn, Indian bansuri bamboo flute.
* *Tambastics* 1992 (Music and Arts Programs of America, CD 704) The ensemble Tambastics which features Robert Dick, flutes; Denman Maroney, piano; Mark Dresser, bass; and Jerry Hemingway, drums.
* *Venturi Shadows* 1991 (O.O.Discs, U.S.A. #7) Robert Dick, flutes, with Ned Rothenberg, shakuhachi; Steve Gorn, bansuri; Neil B. Rolnick, electronics and Mary Kay Fink, flute.
* *Ladder 5 of Escape* 1991 (Attacca Records, Netherlands #9158 - Robert Dick on flutes.
* *Traction* 1991 (Sound Aspects, Germany #044) New Winds perform.
* *The Cliff* 1989 (Sound Aspects, Germany #025) New Winds performs.
* *The Other Flute* 1986 (GM Recordings, U.S.A. #2013 - CD) Robert Dick on flutes.
* *Whispers and Landings* 1981 (Lumina Records, U.S.A., #007) Cassette-only recording of Robert Dick on flutes.

### Original compositions on compilations

* "everyone@universe.existence" and "Sliding Life Blues" *American Modern Ensemble - Mavericks* 2015 (AMR 2041)
* "On Simak Pond" *60x60* 2008 (Vox Novus Productions)
* "Delayed Reason" *Irving Stone Memorial Concert* 2004 (Tzadik 7611-5)
* Molecular Motion" *Subtropics, Vol. 1 - Breath* 2000 (Elegua Records 005)
* "Untitled Improvisation" *Radio Days*  1999 (WIM Werkstatt für Improvisierte Musik) Robert Dick, Alfred Zimmerlin, Jochen Bohnes, Günter Miller
* "Afterlight" *Flute Possibilities* 1979 (CRI 400)

### Performances of other composers

* *Source* 2015 (Liminal Music) SLM Ensemble music by Sarah Weaver, Mark Dresser
* *Dark Forces 2011 (Creative Sources CS 195) Robert Dick's bass flute improvisations mixed into music*
* *Almost New York* 2010 (Pogus 21057-2) For contrabass flute and electronics
* "Shakugo" 2010 (Motema MTM 31) For also flute and kugo music by Robert Lombardo
* *Live from Roulette* 2008 (DiPietro Editions) Music of Rocco DiPietro
* *Third Eye Orchestra* 2008 (Innova 225) Music by Hans Tammen
* "Little Andre" *Dave Soldier: Chamber Music* 2007 Solo bass flute by Dave Soldier
* *The Secret Miracle Fountain* 2006 (Locust 76) Robert Dick's sampled and processed recordings are mixed into music
* "Plum/Dream Sequence II" *Solos, Solo Works of Daniel Asia* 2005 (Summit DCD 422) Music by Daniel Asia
* "Music for Berlin" *Celestial Voices* 1998 (OO Discs 42) For Flute and piano by Orlando Jacinto Garcia
* "Tchong" *Living Tones* 1995 (OO Discs 24) For bass flute and daegum by Jin Hi Kim
* *Time Fragments* 1994 (Enja 8076-2) The Klaus König Orchestra
* "A Breaking of Vessels, Becoming Song" *Musical Elements 10th Anniversary Recording* 1987 (CRI Records digital re-release 2016) For flute solo and chamber ensemble by Malcolm Goldstein
* *The Desert Music* 1985 (Nonesuch 79101) Robert Dick is principal flutist of the Brooklyn Philharmonic Orchestra music by Steve Reich
* "Blowing" *Electricity* 1984 (1750 Arch Records and OO Discs 8 re-release 1992) Solo flutist music by Neil Rolnick
* "Conspiracies" *Bresnick/Mumford* (1982) For solo flute and four other flutists music by Martin Bresnick
* "Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird" *The Face on the Barroom Floor/Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird* 1982 (CRI 442) For soprano, flute, percussion and piano music by Lukas Foss
* "Archery" *Archery* 1981 (Parachute Records re-released 1997 on *Game Pieces* Tzadik 7316) For large ensemble music by John Zorn
* "Tenzone" *Flute Possibilities* 1979 (CRI 400) For two flutes and piano music by Chester Biscardi

### Flute Instruction

### Orchestral Position

### Professional Affiliations

* 2009-2011 Board of Directors, New York Flute Club
* 2007-2009 Board of Directors, National Flute Association (NFA)
* 2002-2010 Member, Contemporary Music Advisory and Long Range Planning Committees; Publications Review Board, National Flute Association
* 1985-2001 Member, Board of Advisers, *Flute Talk* Magazine
* 1986-1989 Chair, Contemporary Music Advisory Committee, National Flute Association
* 1986-1988 Music Panelist, New York State Council on the Arts
* 1986-1987 Board of Directors, National Flute Association
* 1984-1987 Member, Repertoire Committee, Composers’ Forum, New York
* 1976–present Member, National Flute Association

## InfoBox

| Robert Dick | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1950-01-04) January 4, 1950<br>New York City, New York |
| Genres | free improvisation, new jazz, classical contemporary |
| Occupation(s) | flutist, composer, teacher, author |
| Instrument(s) | Flute, piccolo |
| Years active | 1973-present |
| Labels | New World, Tzadik, Enja, NEMU, Mulatta |
|  | |
| Website | www.robertdick.net |


title: Harold Washington Park

abstract: Harold Washington Park is a small park in the Chicago Park District located in the Hyde Park community area on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, US. In 1992, it was named for Harold Washington (1922–1987), the first African-American Chicago Mayor. The Park District officially calls the park Harold Washington Playlot Park with a designated address of 5200 S. Hyde Park Blvd Chicago, IL 60615. It is one of 4 Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington. It is one of 40 Chicago Park District parks named after influential African Americans. The Park is bounded by East 53rd Street on the south, South Hyde Park Boulevard on the west, and Lake Shore Drive to the east. Architecturally, it is flanked to the north by Regents Park and The Hampton House to the south. Its southwest corner opposes two National Register of Historic Places Properties: Hotel Del Prado and East Park Towers.

text:
# Harold Washington Park

**Harold Washington Park** is a small (10 acre) park in the Chicago Park District located in the Hyde Park community area on the South Side of Chicago, Illinois, US. In 1992, it was named for Harold Washington (1922–1987), the first African-American Chicago Mayor. The Park District officially calls the park **Harold Washington Playlot Park** with a designated address of 5200 S. Hyde Park Blvd Chicago, IL 60615. It is one of 4 Chicago Park District parks named after persons surnamed Washington (Washington Park, Washington Square Park, Dinah Washington Park). It is one of 40 Chicago Park District parks named after influential African Americans. The Park is bounded by East 53rd Street on the south, South Hyde Park Boulevard on the west, and Lake Shore Drive to the east. Architecturally, it is flanked to the north by Regents Park and The Hampton House to the south. Its southwest corner opposes two National Register of Historic Places Properties: Hotel Del Prado and East Park Towers.

## History

The park was originally bequeathed to the city in 1906 by Paul Cornell as commemorated by the Paul Cornell Stone. It was then called *East End Park*. In 1919, it was transferred to the South Park Commission. In 1927, it became part of Burnham Park. The park district renamed the site Harold Washington Park in 1992. Until recently (c.2004) when Park District signs were posted it had been referred to as Cornell Park by many local residents.

## Facilities

East Park TowersHotel Del PradoThe park's southwest corner opposes two National Register of Historic Places

The park is mostly used by picnicking neighborhood residents and is particularly popular during the summer holidays (Memorial Day, July 4, Labor Day). The park has 8 tennis courts, an elaborate soft surface children's playground, a bathhouse and a boat pond. The park is best known for its South American monk parakeet nests. At 51st street, there is an overpass leading from the park to the bike path between Lake Shore Drive and Lake Michigan.

### Boat Pond

The boat pond is mistakenly referred to as a duck pond by many local residents because it is frequented during the summer by ducks and is rarely used for recreational model boats. However, the pond has no aquatic or plant life forms (excluding weeds protruding through former cracks in the seal) to support ducks. In 2006, the pool was designated for repair and was not filled. Reconstruction began in the fall with the pool being resurfaced. A fountain and sculpture was placed in the center and dedicated in the spring of 2007 and the pool was refilled in late summer 2008.

### Parakeet nests

Tennis courts, playlot, boat pond. Background: Lake Shore Drive & Lake MichiganIndependence Day festivitiesThe park's southwest corner opposes two National Register of Historic Places

In the 1980s, a dozen or so South American monk parakeets were released into the park directly across the street from the Hampton House. They settled in a large ash tree. By the summer of 1988, bird watchers counted two dozen birds in the original tree. The population has continued to redouble frequently. The flock, known to many as Harold's parakeets (after the former mayor for whom the park is named), has grown to a few hundred birds that nest throughout this park, Burnham Park and Jackson Park on the South Side of Chicago. The original tree became infested with termites and collapsed on June 12, 2004. Over 50 birds were displaced by the collapse. The nests were replaced in other nearby trees. Birdwatchers come from around the world to see this flock of birds. The birds have been a hotly contested issue pitting the U.S. Department of Agriculture against local politicians and the Harold Washington Memorial Parrot Defense Fund.

Alternate theories for the original population of birds are

* Harold Washington released a dozen or so birds during his local residence.
* A small flock of the birds escaped from a commercial shipment.
* A small flock of the birds escaped from a residential birdcage.

Regardless of their origins, the flock was ably defended by the Mayor who foiled attempts to have them removed from the local park. In 2021, a mural entitled "Harold's Parakeets" was commissioned near the park to commemorate the Mayor and the Parakeets.

Washington Park, Chicago (Community area)

41°48′09″N 87°35′02″W / 41.8024°N 87.5840°W / 41.8024; -87.5840

## InfoBox

| Harold Washington Park | |
| --- | --- |
| Harold Washington Park and Hampton House, October 2006 | |
|  | |
| Type | Municipal |
| Location | Chicago, Cook County, Illinois |
| Operated by | Chicago Park District |
| Status | Open all year |


title: Neptune (The Duke Spirit album)

abstract: Neptune is the second studio album by the London-based band The Duke Spirit. It was the last with the original lead guitarist, Dan Higgins. The album was released on 4 February 2008 on the independent label You Are Here. The song "Lassoo" is used in the game Guitar Hero On Tour: Modern Hits for North America and the UK, and "Send a Little Love Token" is on the main set list for Guitar Hero 5 and Forza Motorsport 3.

text:
# Neptune (The Duke Spirit album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Drowned in Sound* | 6/10 |
| *The Guardian* |  |
| *Pitchfork Media* | 6.2/10 |
| *This Is Fake DIY* |  |

***Neptune*** is the second studio album by the London-based band The Duke Spirit. It was the last with the original lead guitarist, Dan Higgins. The album was released on 4 February 2008 on the independent label You Are Here.

The song "Lassoo" is used in the game *Guitar Hero On Tour: Modern Hits* for North America and the UK, and "Send a Little Love Token" is on the main set list for *Guitar Hero 5* and *Forza Motorsport 3*.

## Critical reception

*The Independent* praised Liela Moss, writing that she possesses "not just a powerful set of pipes but also the spirit to duke it out (so to speak) with a rock band playing full-tilt at full volume." *Spin* wrote that "these Brits move with purpose from girl-group-inspired pop ('My Sunken Treasure') to fully loaded Jesus and Mary Chain–fried fuzz ('Lassoo') in remarkably short steps." *The Times* wrote that "well-crafted pop songs with an art-rock bent are the mainstay."

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Liela Moss & Toby Butler except as noted

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "I Do Believe" | Moss | 0:43 |
| 2. | "Send a Little Love Token" |  | 2:38 |
| 3. | "The Step and the Walk" | Luke Ford, Moss | 3:22 |
| 4. | "Dog Roses" | Dan Higgins, Moss | 3:17 |
| 5. | "Into the Fold" |  | 2:49 |
| 6. | "This Ship Was Built to Last" |  | 3:50 |
| 7. | "Wooden Heart" | Ford | 4:43 |
| 8. | "You Really Wake Up the Love in Me" | Ford, Moss | 2:42 |
| 9. | "My Sunken Treasure" |  | 3:57 |
| 10. | "Lassoo" |  | 2:59 |
| 11. | "Neptune's Call" | Higgins, Moss | 2:46 |
| 12. | "Sovereign" | Higgins, Moss | 3:29 |

## InfoBox

| Neptune | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by The Duke Spirit | |
| Released | 4 February 2008 |
| Recorded | 2007 |
| Genre | Garage rock |
| Label | You Are Here
Shangri-La Music |
| Producer | Chris Goss |
| The Duke Spirit chronology | |
| *Ex-Voto*
(2007) ***Neptune***
(2008) *Bruiser*
(2011) | |


title: Peri Sundaram

abstract: Peri Sundaram, born Periannan Sundaram, was a Ceylonese lawyer, trade unionist and politician. He was the first Minister of Labour Industries and Commerce in the State Council of Ceylon and Deputy President of the Senate of Ceylon. Educated at Trinity College, Kandy and at S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia, he entered the Ceylon Law College. Thereafter he went on to the University of Cambridge graduating with an MA and LLB. At Cambridge, he was the President of the Cambridge Indian Majlis and committee member of the Cambridge Union Society. In 1916 he became a barrister and thereafter on his return he became an advocate of the Supreme Court of Ceylon. He was a lecturer and acting principal of the Ceylon Law College and served as examiner in law to the Ceylon Civil Service. He became a founding member of the Ceylon National Congress in 1919, and was elected to the first State Council from the Hatton electorate uncontested in 1931. In the State Council, he served as first Minister of Labor Industries and Commerce from 1931 to 1936. In 1939 he formed the first trade union in the country, Workers Welfare League and served as its founder secretary. He was also the first secretary of the Ceylon Workers’ Federation. In 1939 he co-founded the Ceylon Indian Congress which became the Ceylon Workers Congress of which he became president. In 1940, he became president of the Ceylon Indian Congress Labour Union, the largest trade union in the country. In 1947 he was appointed to the Senate of Ceylon and made its Deputy President.

text:
# Peri Sundaram

**Peri Sundaram** (July 23, 1890 – February 4, 1957), born Periannan Sundaram, was a Ceylonese lawyer, trade unionist and politician. He was the first Minister of Labour Industries and Commerce in the State Council of Ceylon and Deputy President of the Senate of Ceylon.

Educated at Trinity College, Kandy and at S. Thomas' College, Mount Lavinia, he entered the Ceylon Law College. Thereafter he went on to the University of Cambridge graduating with an MA and LLB. At Cambridge, he was the President of the Cambridge Indian Majlis and committee member of the Cambridge Union Society. In 1916 he became a barrister and thereafter on his return he became an advocate of the Supreme Court of Ceylon. He was a lecturer and acting principal of the Ceylon Law College and served as examiner in law to the Ceylon Civil Service.

He became a founding member of the Ceylon National Congress in 1919, and was elected to the first State Council from the Hatton electorate uncontested in 1931. In the State Council, he served as first Minister of Labor Industries and Commerce from 1931 to 1936. In 1939 he formed the first trade union in the country, Workers Welfare League and served as its founder secretary. He was also the first secretary of the Ceylon Workers’ Federation. In 1939 he co-founded the Ceylon Indian Congress which became the Ceylon Workers Congress of which he became president. In 1940, he became president of the Ceylon Indian Congress Labour Union, the largest trade union in the country. In 1947 he was appointed to the Senate of Ceylon and made its Deputy President.


title: Philip Demers

abstract: Philip Demers is a Canadian former professional marine mammal trainer at Marineland of Canada in Niagara Falls, Ontario. He is best known for his relationship with a captive walrus named Smooshi.

text:
# Philip Demers

**Philip Demers** (born March 21, 1978) is a Canadian former professional marine mammal trainer at Marineland of Canada in Niagara Falls, Ontario. He is best known for his relationship with a captive walrus named Smooshi.

## Career

Demers' animal training career began in 2000 at MarineLand where he was employed until August 2012. In 2007, Demers became the focus of mass media attention regarding his unique relationship with a captive Pacific walrus named Smooshi. Their relationship garnered the attention of such television programs as CBC's *The National*, *Inside Edition*, and *Jimmy Kimmel Live!*. Demers left his position at Marineland citing allegations of negligent treatment of the animals and unhealthy conditions. As of fall 2022 they have reached a non-costs agreement where the walrus Smooshi and her calf Koyuk would be rehomed.

A news article on 10 August 2017 stated that the park had filed a total of nine lawsuits against activists, former employees and the media since 2012. None of the suits has been resolved in court. On the same date, all of the 11 charges laid by the OSPCA for animal cruelty against Marineland were dropped by the prosecutor who believed that there was no hope of convictions on eight of them. Demers expressed his disappointment: "My jaw's on the floor. It always is. I've tempered my expectations, especially when it comes to this justice system, and especially with the OSPCA. Quite frankly, I find them completely useless."

Later in the day on 10 August, updated news reports added insights as to alternative proposed by the Crown Attorney: the public interest would be better served by a system of ongoing monitoring of the animals' condition at the park.

Demers was a contestant on *Wipeout Canada*, winning the first episode of the show.

Demers is also featured in the documentary *The Walrus and the Whistleblower*, which screened at several film festivals, including Hot Docs and the Toronto International Film Festival. Since leaving Marineland, Demers has worked part-time as a mailman.

## InfoBox

| Philip Demers | |
| --- | --- |
| Demers with Smooshi the walrus c. 2010 | |
| Born | Philip Demers
(1978-03-21) March 21, 1978
Welland, Ontario, Canada |
| Occupation(s) | Former animal trainer, mailman |
| Years active | 2000–2012 (employment); 2007-present (activism) |


title: Mount Florence

abstract: Mount Florence is a mountain, in the Tuolumne Meadows region of Yosemite National Park. Its easiest route is a class 2 scramble. Mount Florence is the tenth highest mountain in Yosemite. Deep in the Yosemite backcountry, Mount Florence is not often climbed, though on the trip, one passes through spectacular scenery, on all approaches.

text:
# Mount Florence

**Mount Florence** is a mountain, in the Tuolumne Meadows region of Yosemite National Park. Its easiest route is a class 2 scramble. Mount Florence is the tenth highest mountain in Yosemite. Deep in the Yosemite backcountry, Mount Florence is not often climbed, though on the trip, one passes through spectacular scenery, on all approaches.

## The mountain's name

August 23, 1864, Florence Hutchings, "Floy" as she was nicknamed, was the first white child, born in Yosemite Valley. She was also nicknamed the "Yosemite Tomboy," and lived a non-comformist life, riding horses, was scornful of disapproval, did not fear peril, and swore. She had a zest for life, and died young, in 1881, at the age of 17. She knew John Muir, who named Mount Florence for her.

She was religious and worked as a caretaker of the Yosemite Valley Chapel.

## Near to Mount Florence

All of the following are close to Mount Florence:

| Mountain | Distance |
| --- | --- |
|
| Electra Peak |  |
| Fletcher Peak |  |
| Foerster Peak |  |
| Mount Maclure | 1.9 miles (3.1 km) |
| Simmons Peak | 1.9 miles (3.1 km) |
| Mount Lyell | 2.4 miles (3.9 km) |
| Parsons Peak | 2.6 miles (4.2 km) |
| Parsons Peak | 2.6 miles (4.2 km) |
| Vogelsang Peak | 3.1 miles (5.0 km) |

## InfoBox

| Mount Florence | |
| --- | --- |
| Mt. Florence (left of center), from Glacier Point | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 12,567 ft (3,830 m)NAVD 88 |
| Prominence | 801 ft (244 m) |
| Listing | * Sierra Peaks Section Peak * WSC Emblem Peak |
| Coordinates | 37°44′23″N 119°18′58″W / 37.7397718°N 119.3160333°W / 37.7397718; -119.3160333 |
| Naming | |
| Etymology | Florence Hutchings |
| Geography | |
| Mount FlorenceMount Florence | |
| Location |  |
| Parent range | Cathedral Range |
| Topo map | USGS Mount Lyell |
| Climbing | |
| Easiest route | Simple scramble, class 2 |


title: Alfred P.C. Petsch

abstract: Alfred P. C. Petsch (1887–1981) was a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives for the 85th District of Fredericksburg and Gillespie County. He was a retired lieutenant colonel who saw service in both World War I and World War II. Petsch was also an educator, a lawyer, a civic leader and a philanthropist.

text:
# Alfred P.C. Petsch

**Alfred P. C. Petsch** (1887–1981) was a Democratic member of the Texas House of Representatives for the 85th District of Fredericksburg and Gillespie County. He was a retired lieutenant colonel who saw service in both World War I and World War II. Petsch was also an educator, a lawyer, a civic leader and a philanthropist.

## Early years

Alfred Petsch was born on August 16, 1887, in Luckenbach, Texas, to Joe F. and Ida (Baag) Petsch. As was the custom among Germans of the Texas Hill Country of that era, Petsch grew up speaking only Texas German, and did not learn English until he attended college outside the community.

## Education and early career

Petsch graduated in 1906 from Southwest Texas State Normal School in San Marcos. Petsch worked as a school teacher to fund his education. From 1906 to 1907, and the fall semester of 1908, Petsch attended the University of Texas, graduating from University of Texas School of Law in 1910 and passing the State Bar of Texas exam that same year. In 1934, Petsch was licensed to practice before the United States Supreme Court.

Petsch opened his first law office in Fredericksburg on January 1, 1911.

## Military service

Petsch was commissioned a second lieutenant during World War I on May 26, 1917. He served at Camp Funston, at Camp Travis (later absorbed by Fort Sam Houston), and at Camp Grant in Rockford, Illinois, where he was discharged on December 3, 1918, with the rank of major of infantry. In 1919 he received an appointment as major in the Infantry Reserve. During World War II, Lieutenant Colonel Petsch served at Camp Bullis (1942–43), the Hereford Internment Camp (1943), and Camp Joseph T. Robinson, North Little Rock, Arkansas (1943–45).

## Legislative career

Petsch was appointed Gillespie County Attorney, March 1911.

He was a Democrat, 85th District, Fredericksburg, Gillespie County, elected in 1924 to the Texas House of Representatives, succeeding Samuel Ealy Johnson, Jr. He was reelected in subsequent terms until 1933. Petch was again elected in 1935, serving until 1941.

### Committee assignments for Representative Alfred P.C. Petsch

Source: Legislative Reference Library of Texas

## Newspaper

In 1915, the *Fredericksburg Standard* was purchased by the Fredericksburg Publishing Company, which also published the German language newspaper *Fredericksburg Wochenblatt*. Petsch was a founding member and director of the publishing company, as well as a contributor of a weekly newspaper column titled *We Believe*.

## Civic participation

As a member of the Fredericksburg Progressive Business League, he worked in 1913 to bring a railroad to Fredericksburg. Petsch served on the Fredericksburg school board, and was president of the Fredericksburg Chamber of Commerce 1923–24. He helped reorganize the Gillespie County Fair Association in 1922. Petsch was one of the organizers of the Hill Country Bar Association.

After Citizens Bank and Bank of Fredericksburg closed their doors in 1932 during the Great Depression, a committee was formed to organize a new bank to serve the needs of the community. Petch served on the organizing committee, along with H.H. Sagebiel, E.H. Riley, H.A. Ries, W.H. Schaefer, Eric Juenke, Edward Stein, W.J. Schroeder, John W. Metzger, and M.L. Bogisch. The new bank opened its doors as Fredericksburg National Bank on April 6, 1932. Petsch served on the board of directors from its founding, as chairman of the board from 1969 to 1979, and as the bank's attorney.

Petsch, a friend of Lyndon Johnson and his wife Lady Bird Johnson, was a major financial contributor to Lady Bird Johnson Park. He helped to organize the Hill Country Memorial Hospital and served on its board of directors during planning and construction. He was also a contributing force to the development of the Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz Naval Museum.

Colonel and Mrs. Petsch were influential members of many local civic organizations, such as the non-profit Hill Country Student Help scholarship entity, the Community Chest, and the local 4-H youth organization. They were made honorary lifetime members of the Parent-Teacher Association in 1968. On September 28, 1969, Fredericksburg celebrated Alfred and Myra Petsch Day. The Alfred and Myra Petsch Appreciation Dinner, which drew 500 people at $2.50 a ticket, was held at the Fair Park Exhibition Hall. President and Mrs. Lyndon B. Johnson shared the head table with the Petsches.

## Personal life and death

Alfred Petsch married Myra Slator on May 3, 1918, at St. Mark's Episcopal Church in San Antonio. The couple had two children.

He retired from his law practice in 1980 and died on November 28, 1981, in Fredericksburg. He was buried in Greenwood Cemetery.

## Memberships

## InfoBox

| Alfred P.C. Petsch | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Texas House of Representatives for Texas's 85th House of Representatives district | |
| **In office**
1935–1941 | |
| Preceded by | Bodo Holekamp |
| Succeeded by | Lawrence L. Bruhl |
| Member of the Texas House of Representatives for Texas's 85th House of Representatives district | |
| **In office**
1925–1933 | |
| Preceded by | Samuel Ealy Johnson, Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Bodo Holekamp |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1887-08-16)August 16, 1887
Luckenbach, Texas |
| Died | November 28, 1981(1981-11-28) (aged 94)
Fredericksburg, Texas |
| Resting place | Greenwood Cemetery |
| Nationality | American |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Myra Slator |
| Children | Two |
| Residence(s) | Fredericksburg, Texas |
| Alma mater | Texas State University-San Marcos
University of Texas School of Law |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | United States Army |
| Rank | Lieutenant Colonel |
| Battles/wars | World War I
World War II |
|  | |


title: Maxivision

abstract: Maxivision 24 and Maxivision 48 are 35 mm film motion picture film formats. The system was designed by Dean Goodhill in 1999. The system uses normal thirty-five millimetre motion picture film, capturing images on three perforations of film per frame. The format can run either at the standard twenty-four frames per second, or at forty-eight frames per second, which reduces strobing effects and increases apparent resolution when combined with a system for reducing film movement in the gate and eliminating scratching. Because Maxivision uses only three film perforations per frame, the twenty-four-frame-per-second format uses 25% less film than standard four-perforation formats, and the 48 frame-per-second format only requires a 50% increase in the amount of film to yield twice the frame rate. The image is exposed into the region ordinarily reserved for the analog optical sound track which is rarely used now. This allows for a wider image on the same size film. This also reduces the need for cropping of the image and makes for a 30% larger total frame area than traditional projection even though less film is used. The advancements of this system go beyond simply a larger image with less waste, however. The projector head is far more stable than traditional projection systems. It uses a sophisticated grid tracking charge-coupled device to automatically detect and compensate for any changes in the film type and position making projection of even traditional thirty-five millimeter prints sharper, more steady and with less chance of damage to the film. Critic Roger Ebert repeatedly praised the system, saying that the picture quality is "four times as good" as traditional film projection, and "provides a picture of startling clarity." The format uses a custom-built projector head that can be switched between standard 35 millimeter formats and Maxivision. Furthermore, the new projector head is able to change from anamorphic to Maxivision and standard matte prints on the fly. This reduces the chances of operator error and cuts the costs of having to order special trailers for different movie formats.

text:
# Maxivision

**Maxivision 24** and **Maxivision 48** are 35 mm film motion picture film formats. The system was designed by Dean Goodhill in 1999. The system uses normal thirty-five millimetre motion picture film, capturing images on three perforations of film per frame. The format can run either at the standard twenty-four frames per second, or at forty-eight frames per second, which reduces strobing effects and increases apparent resolution when combined with a system for reducing film movement in the gate and eliminating scratching.

Because Maxivision uses only three film perforations per frame, the twenty-four-frame-per-second format uses 25% less film than standard four-perforation formats, and the 48 frame-per-second format only requires a 50% increase in the amount of film to yield twice the frame rate. The image is exposed into the region ordinarily reserved for the analog optical sound track which is rarely used now. This allows for a wider image on the same size film. This also reduces the need for cropping of the image and makes for a 30% larger total frame area than traditional projection even though less film is used.

The advancements of this system go beyond simply a larger image with less waste, however. The projector head is far more stable than traditional projection systems. It uses a sophisticated grid tracking charge-coupled device to automatically detect and compensate for any changes in the film type and position making projection of even traditional thirty-five millimeter prints sharper, more steady and with less chance of damage to the film.

Critic Roger Ebert repeatedly praised the system, saying that the picture quality is "four times as good" as traditional film projection, and "provides a picture of startling clarity."

The format uses a custom-built projector head that can be switched between standard 35 millimeter formats and Maxivision. Furthermore, the new projector head is able to change from anamorphic to Maxivision and standard matte prints on the fly. This reduces the chances of operator error and cuts the costs of having to order special trailers for different movie formats.


title: Municipal college

abstract: A municipal college is a city-supported institution of higher learning. The oldest municipal college in the United States is the College of Charleston located in historic Charleston, South Carolina. The College of Charleston is also the thirteenth oldest institution of higher education in the country. The College was founded in 1770 and chartered in 1785. Currently, there remain only three municipal colleges under partial city control, the City University of New York system, Quincy College, Quincy, Massachusetts and Washburn University in Topeka, Kansas. Other historical municipal colleges and Universities include the University of Louisville, the University of Cincinnati, Wichita State University, University of Toledo, University of Nebraska Omaha, the University of Akron and Wayne State University in Detroit.

text:
# Municipal college

A **municipal college** is a city-supported institution of higher learning.

The oldest municipal college in the United States is the College of Charleston located in historic Charleston, South Carolina. The College of Charleston is also the thirteenth oldest institution of higher education in the country. The College was founded in 1770 and chartered in 1785.

Currently, there remain only three municipal colleges under partial city control, the City University of New York system, Quincy College, Quincy, Massachusetts and Washburn University in Topeka, Kansas. Other historical municipal colleges and Universities include the University of Louisville, the University of Cincinnati, Wichita State University, University of Toledo, University of Nebraska Omaha, the University of Akron and Wayne State University in Detroit.


title: Music In The Mountains

abstract: Music in the Mountains SummerFest has been an annual summer classical music festival in Nevada County, California since 1982. The non-profit organization, Music in the Mountains.org (MIM) holds events throughout the year in a variety of style for all ages. The artistic and music director was Hungarian conductor, Gregory Vajda from 2009 until 2016. Concerts take place in Grass Valley and Nevada City. MIM also sponsors Sierra Brewfest with many local microbreweries. The California Youth Symphony was expected to do a repeat performance for Music in the Mountains, this time with the 80-plus member chorus in March 2020, but the event was cancelled as a precautionary measure during COVID-19 pandemic in California

text:
# Music In The Mountains

**Music in the Mountains SummerFest** has been an annual summer classical music festival in Nevada County, California since 1982. The non-profit organization, **Music in the Mountains.org** (MIM) holds events throughout the year in a variety of style for all ages. The artistic and music director was Hungarian conductor, Gregory Vajda from 2009 until 2016. Concerts take place in Grass Valley and Nevada City. MIM also sponsors Sierra Brewfest with many local microbreweries.

The California Youth Symphony was expected to do a repeat performance for Music in the Mountains, this time with the 80-plus member chorus in March 2020, but the event was cancelled as a precautionary measure during COVID-19 pandemic in California


title: Harbor Beach Light

abstract: The Harbor Beach Lighthouse is a "sparkplug lighthouse" located at the end of the north breakwall entrance to the harbor of refuge on Lake Huron. The breakwall and light were created by the United States Army Corps of Engineers to protect the harbor of Harbor Beach, Michigan, which is the largest man-made freshwater harbor in the world. Harbor Beach is located on the eastern edge of the Thumb of Huron County, in the state of Michigan.

text:
# Harbor Beach Light

**The Harbor Beach Lighthouse** is a "sparkplug lighthouse" located at the end of the north breakwall entrance to the harbor of refuge on Lake Huron. The breakwall and light were created by the United States Army Corps of Engineers to protect the harbor of Harbor Beach, Michigan, which is the largest man-made freshwater harbor in the world. Harbor Beach is located on the eastern edge of the Thumb of Huron County, in the state of Michigan.

## History

Prior to the 1900s, this port was a major harbor of refuge and was the home of one of the most active lifesaving crews on Lake Huron. In the 1880s, a massive breakwater extension was constructed and many lake boats took shelter. Dozens of shipwrecks lie around the area, evidence of the boats that tried, but did not make, the shelter.

Since 1885, the Harbor Beach Breakwater Lighthouse has been an area of refuge to ships caught in the fury of Mother Nature and Lake Huron during stormy seas. This lighthouse replaced the wood skeleton lighthouse which was built in 1877.

The new lighthouse was built on a timber foundation crib. It is a conical, brick structure encased in cast iron plates. The building was originally painted brown; it thereafter went through iterations where it had a black parapet and lantern. At the top a round cast-iron watch room supports a ten-sided, cast iron lantern. The light sits 54 feet (16 m) above the harbor and can be seen for up to 16 nautical miles (30 km; 18 mi) out to sea. A concrete cap, partially faced with brick veneer, supports the 45-foot (14 m) tower. Below the brick veneer, extending to the lake bottom is a timber cribbing filled with 100 to 300 pounds (45 to 136 kg) stones, which provides the necessary counterweight needed to prevent the structure from overturning or sliding.

The light shares its design and engineering with the Detroit River Light which was also built in 1885.

In the lighthouse, the first deck housed a kitchen with a cook stove and also was a living area. The next two decks were sleeping quarters. The second deck was for the assistants, the third deck for the keeper. The fourth deck was used as a workroom and fifth was the watch room at the balcony level. The lantern room is located at the top on the sixth deck. This housed the original Fresnel lens, made by Barbier & Fenstre in Paris in 1884, which is now on display at the Grice House and Museum in Harbor Beach. Next to the Harbor Beach lighthouse was a small wooden building, which contained equipment to operate the fog signal (see undated USCG photo above), but was removed when the light was automated. There is a diaphone in place.

The Great Storm of 1913 substantially undermined the pier's foundation, necessitating repairs.

## Current activities

Today, the lighthouse is automated and operated remotely, year round, by the United States Coast Guard in Saginaw, Michigan, and is a welcome sight for the many recreational boaters and commercial fishermen that travel Lake Huron between Port Huron and the Saginaw Bay area. In 1967, the fourth order Fresnel lens was removed, and replaced with a 12-inch (300 mm) Vega acrylic optic. The light and fog signal have been solar-powered since 2006. The light is powered with a 20,000 candlepower bulb and the red beam flashes every seven seconds with a visibility of 16 miles (26 km). A fog signal is available by calling channel 79, and keying five times, causing the fog signal to sound with a three-second blast every thirty seconds, which will continue for forty-five minutes.

The City of Harbor Beach is now the owner of the Harbor Beach Lighthouse. Ceremonies to transfer ownership of the historic structure took place in Traverse City on June 16, 2010. A local ceremony took place July 31, 2010. The Harbor Beach Lighthouse Preservation Society (HBLPS) was formed in 1984 and restoration is ongoing. The lighthouse has been waterproofed, ventilated, and its floors, interior walls, and windows restored to original appearance.

The Light is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, Reference #83000850 HARBOR BEACH LIGHTHOUSE (U.S. COAST GUARD/GREAT LAKES TR), and is also on the State List.

## Getting there

From M-25 (Huron Avenue) in Harbor Beach, turn east on Trescott Street and follow to its end at Bathing Beach Park. A good, distant shot of the lighthouse is available from the end of Trescott pier. In addition, the Marina and Waterworks Park, on the north end of the city, offers a good view of the lighthouse.

## Lighthouse and harbor timeline

## InfoBox

Harbor Beach Light
| The lighthouse in 2014 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Northside breakwater Harbor Beach, Michigan |
| Coordinates | 43°50′42″N 82°37′54″W / 43.84500°N 82.63167°W / 43.84500; -82.63167 |
| Tower | |
| Constructed | 1858 |
| Construction | Cast iron, brick lining |
| Automated | 1968 |
| Height | 45 feet (14 m) |
| Shape | Frustum of a cone |
| Markings | White with red roof on lantern |
| Heritage | National Register of Historic Places listed place |
| Fog signal | HORN: 1 blast ev 30s (3s bl). Operational remotely all year. |
|  | |
| Light | |
| First lit | 1885 |
| Focal height | 54 feet (16 m) |
| Lens | Fourth-order Fresnel lens (original), VRB-25 acrylic (current) |
| Intensity | 20,000 candlepower |
| Range | Red 16 nautical miles (30 km; 18 mi), white 19 nautical miles (35 km; 22 mi) |
| Characteristic | Al WR 10s |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Harbor Beach Lighthouse | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Michigan Historic Landmark | |
|  | |
| Area | 0.1 acres (0.040 ha) |
| Built | 1884 |
| MPS | U.S. Coast Guard Lighthouses and Light Stations on the Great Lakes TR |
| NRHP reference No. | 83000850 |
| Added to NRHP | August 04, 1983 |
|  | |


title: Harry Northup

abstract: Harry E. Northup is an American actor and poet. As an actor, he made frequent appearances in the films of Martin Scorsese, Jonathan Demme and Jonathan Kaplan.

text:
# Harry Northup

**Harry E. Northup** (born September 2, 1940) is an American actor and poet. As an actor, he made frequent appearances in the films of Martin Scorsese, Jonathan Demme and Jonathan Kaplan.

## Personal life and career

Northup was born in Amarillo, Texas. He lived in 17 places by age 17, but mostly in Sidney, Nebraska, where he graduated from high school in 1958. From 1958 to 1961 he served in the United States Navy, where he attained the rank of Second Class Radioman. From 1963 to 1968, he studied Method acting with Frank Corsaro in New York City.

Northup received his B.A. in English from California State University, Northridge, where he studied poetry with Ann Stanford. He has made a living as an actor for over 30 years and has been in 37 films, including Martin Scorsese's first six feature films: *Who's That Knocking at My Door*, *Boxcar Bertha*, *Mean Streets*, *Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore*, *Taxi Driver* and *New York, New York*. He was Mr. Bimmel in Jonathan Demme's film *The Silence of the Lambs* and starred in *Over the Edge* and *Fighting Mad*.

Northup has been a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences since 1976. His second wife, poet and novelist Holly Prado, died on June 14, 2019. He has a son, Dylan, by his first marriage. Poets such as Walt Whitman, Leland Hickman, Paul Blackburn, Ann Stanford, William Carlos Williams, and Holly Prado have influenced Northup's poetry. He conceived and coordinated the weekly poetry reading series "Poetry on Melrose" at Gasoline Alley in Los Angeles, from 1986 to 1988. Poets who read at the venue include Robert Peters, Jack Hirschman and Lewis MacAdams.

## Awards and honors

The City of Los Angeles, as represented by the L.A. City Council, awarded Northup a Certificate of Recognition on November 15, 2006.

## Poetry

* Amarillo Born, Victor Jiminez Press, 1966
* The Jon Voight Poems, Mt. Averno Press, 1973
* Eros Ash, Momentum Press, 1976
* Enough The Great Running Chapel, Momentum Press, 1982
* The Images We Possess Kill The Capturing, Jesse Press, 1988
* The Ragged Vertical, Cahuenga Press, 1996
* Reunions, Cahuenga Press, 2001
* Greatest Hits, 1966–2001, Pudding House Press, 2002
* Red Snow Fence, Cahuenga Press, 2006
* Where Bodies Again Recline, Cahuenga Press, 2011
* East Hollywood: Memorial To Reason, Cahuenga Press, 2015
* Love Poem to MPTF, Cahuenga Press, 2020

## Anthologies

* Venice Thirteen, Bayrock Press, 1971
* The Streets Inside: Ten Los Angeles Poets, Momentum Press, 1978
* Foreign Exchange, Biographics, 1979
* Poetry Loves Poetry, An Anthology of Los Angeles Poets, Momentum Press, 1985
* Gridlock: An anthology of Poetry About Southern California, Applezaba Press, 1990
* Grand Passion, The Poets of Los Angeles and Beyond, Red Wind Books, 1995
* Corners of the Mouth, A Celebration of Thirty Years at the Annual San Luis Obispo Poetry Festival, Deer Tree Press, 2014
* Wide Awake: Poets of Los Angeles and Beyond, Pacific Coast Poetry Series/Beyond Baroque Books, 2015
* Coiled Serpent, Poets Arising from the Cultural Quakes & Shifts of Los Angeles, Tia Chucha Press, 2016
* Beat Not Beat anthology, Moon Tide Press, 2022

## Audio

* **Personal Crime**, New Alliance Records, 1993
* **Homes**, New Alliance Records, 1995
* **As Long As I Tell The Truth What Difference Does It Make To You – An Interview with Harry Northup**, Alright, Dude Productions, 2010

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1967 | *Who's That Knocking at My Door* | Harry |  |
| 1971 | *Alias Smith and Jones* | Hank | TV Episode |
| 1972 | *Boxcar Bertha* | Deputy Sheriff Harvey Hall |  |
| 1973 | *Mean Streets* | Soldier |  |
| | *The All-American Boy* | Parker |  |
| 1974 | *Alice Doesn't Live Here Anymore* | Joe & Jim's Bartender |  |
| | *Crazy Mama* | FBI Agent |  |
| 1976 | *Fighting Mad* | Sheriff Skerritt | starring role |
| | *Two-Minute Warning* | Lieber (The S.W.A.T. Team) |  |
| | *Taxi Driver* | 'Doughboy' | 1976 Palme d'Or winner at Cannes |
| 1977 | *New York, New York* | 'Alabama' |  |
| | *Handle With Care* | The Red Baron |  |
| | *Which Way Is Up?* | Chief Goon |  |
| 1978 | *Blue Collar* | Hank |  |
| 1979 | *Over the Edge* | Sergeant Doberman | starring role |
| | *11th Victim* | Officer Thorpe |  |
| 1980 | *Tom Horn* | Thomas Burke |  |
| | *Used Cars* | Carmine |  |
| 1982 | *The Day the Bubble Burst* | Andrew Arvay | TV movie |
| | *Knots Landing* | Wayne Harkness | TV, recurring role |
| 1984 | *Nickel Mountain* | Frank |  |
| 1986 | *The Deliberate Stranger* | Tom Hargreaves | TV MiniSeries |
| 1986 | *North and South: Book II* | Major | TV miniseries |
| 1987 | *Project X* | Congressman |  |
| 1988 | *Kansas* | Governor Dellit |  |
| 1991 | *The Silence of the Lambs* | Mr. Bimmel | 1991 Oscar winner for Best Picture |
| 1992 | *Unlawful Entry* | McMurtry, Desk Sergeant |  |
| | *Hero* | Mr. Fletcher |  |
| 1993 | *Philadelphia* | Juror No. 6 |  |
| 1994 | *Bad Girls* | Preacher Sloan |  |
| | *Reform School Girl* | Uncle Charlie |  |
| 1996 | *In Cold Blood* | Minister | TV MiniSeries |
| 1998 | *Beloved* | Sheriff |  |
| 1998 | *Four Corners* | Tom Brothers | TV series |
| 1999 | *Brokedown Palace* | Leon Smith |  |
| 2001 | *ER* | Competency Evaluator | TV Episode |
| 2002 | *The Court* | Justice Fitzsimmons | TV, recurring role |
| 2004 | *The Manchurian Candidate* | Congressman Flores |  |
| 2014 | *That Guy Dick Miller* | Himself |  |
| 2018 | *Carry Tiger to Mountain* | Isaac Solomon |  |
|

\<ref\>

## InfoBox

| Harry E. Northup | |
| --- | --- |
| Harry Northup | |
| Born | (1940-09-02) September 2, 1940<br>Amarillo, Texas, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Actor, poet |
| Years active | 1949–present |


title: Neptune (Marvel Comics)

abstract: Neptune, also called Poseidon, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is based on the Roman God with the same name and his Greek counterpart. Neptune is the god of the sea in the Olympian pantheon, as well as patron god over Atlantis. Neptune first appeared in Tales to Astonish #70 and was adapted by Stan Lee and Gene Colan.

text:
# Neptune (Marvel Comics)

**Neptune**, also called **Poseidon**, is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is based on the Roman God with the same name and his Greek counterpart. Neptune is the god of the sea in the Olympian pantheon, as well as patron god over Atlantis. Neptune first appeared in *Tales to Astonish* #70 and was adapted by Stan Lee and Gene Colan.

## Fictional character biography

Neptune is the son of Cronus and Rhea, and was born in Mount Olympus. Zeus and Pluto are his brothers, and Hera and Vesta are his sisters. Neptune is responsible for the evolution of *Homo mermanus*, and is still honored by the Atlanteans, unlike many Olympians who have little or no worshippers on Earth.

Two millennia ago, Neptune destroyed an Atlantean cult of worshipers of Set. He later lived among the Atlanteans for many years as their protector.

In modern times, Neptune sent Namor the Sub-Mariner on a quest for his trident in order to regain the Atlantean throne, appearing before him at various points. Neptune then appeared to the Atlanteans, and decreed Namor the true ruler of Atlantis. Neptune later advised Namor of the true destiny of Atlantis. Later, Neptune healed a wounded Namor, and transformed a drowning stallion into a giant seahorse.

Neptune later abducted Namor from Atlantis to Hades at the behest of Zeus, as Zeus blamed the Avengers for Hercules' bad physical condition. However, Neptune was then forbidden to return to Earth by Zeus, despite his objections due to Atlantean worship.

Most recently, he, along with the other Olympians have dwelt on Earth once more following the death of Zeus. In a weakened state, he was abducted by Hippolyta and her Amazon warriors, at the behest of Hera and Pluto, who forced him to cede his shares of the Olympus Group to them, facilitating their takeover. The Amazon princess Artume likewise forced from him the location of the Omphalos. He was rescued from Artume's clutches by Hercules, Namor, and Namora.

Neptune was present when Athena led the Olympus Group at Hercules' funeral. He then sided with Athena when the other Olympian Gods challenged her for leadership over the Olympian Gods at the time when Amadeus Cho was made leader of the Olympus Group. Neptune chose Namor as his proxy. The battle between the mortal proxies ended in a draw and the Olympian Gods stopped fighting each other and fought the other Gods.

As Hulk scales Mount Olympus to ask Zeus for help, Neptune is among the Olympian Gods that tried to stop him. Neptune sent a tidal wave at Hulk on the side of Mount Olympus which he withstood. This annoyed Hulk when Neptune called him a hero as he continued to climb Mount Olympus.

## Powers, abilities, and equipment

Neptune possesses the typical powers of an Olympian, including immense strength, stamina, durability, speed, and healing, as well as virtual immortality. Poseidon has the ability to wield vast cosmic/mystical energies for numerous purposes, such as inter-dimensional teleportation. As a sea god, Neptune is able to manipulate water at will, breathe oxygen/underwater, and communicate with all forms of sea life. He usually arms himself with a 6' 5" long enchanted trident, capable of divine magic.

## Reception

* In 2019, *CBR.com* ranked Poseideon 3rd in their "Marvel Comics: The 10 Most Powerful Olympians" list.
* In 2021, *CBR.com* ranked Poseidon 3rd in their "Marvel: 10 Most Powerful Olympians" list.
* In 2022, *Screen Rant* included Neptune in their "10 Most Powerful Olympian Gods In Marvel Comics" list.

## In other media

Neptune appears in the "Namor" segment of *The Marvel Super Heroes*.

* Neptune at The Appendix to the Handbook of the Marvel Universe
* Poseidon at Marvel.com

## InfoBox

| Neptune | |
| --- | --- |
| Interior panel of *Tales to Astonish* #70 by Gene Colan | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Marvel Comics |
| First appearance | *Tales to Astonish* #70 (Aug 1965) |
| Created by | Stan Lee
Gene Colan |
| In-story information | |
| Alter ego | Poseidon Aegaeus |
| Species | Olympian |
| Team affiliations | Olympian Gods |
| Notable aliases | King Neptune
King of the Seas
Father Neptune
Earthshaker
Father of Oceans
Stormbringer |
| Abilities | * Superhuman strength, stamina, durability, and speed * Regeneration * Hydrokinesis * Energy manipulation * Aquatic telepathy * Immortality * Neptune's trident grants:     + Control any body of water     + Create water elementals     + Create fog and storms     + Cause earthquakes by increasing water pressure |


title: Frank Gorrell

abstract: Frank Cheatham Gorrell was an American politician who served as the 47th Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee from 1967 to 1971, during Governor Buford Ellington's second term.

text:
# Frank Gorrell

**Frank Cheatham Gorrell** (June 20, 1927  March 12, 1994) was an American politician who served as the 47th Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee from 1967 to 1971, during Governor Buford Ellington's second term.

## Early years

Gorrell was born in Russellville, Kentucky, and attended college and played college football at Vanderbilt University in Nashville. After college he attended law school at Vanderbilt, then joined the Nashville law firm of Bass, Berry & Sims.

## Career

In 1947, while a student at Vanderbilt, he married Bette Jamison, which connected him to the powerful Middle Tennessee Jamison family, whose interests included a mattress factory near downtown Franklin, Tennessee. In 1964, Governor Frank G. Clement decided that he desired Gorrell to be lieutenant governor to replace the outgoing James L. Bomar Jr. The Tennessee General Assembly had begun to show a measure of independence from the executive branch of government in this era but was generally still largely subject to it. However, a faction of the Democratic Caucus in the Tennessee State Senate, which in Tennessee elects the lieutenant governor from its own members, had decided to resist the selection of Gorrell. They were joined by the relatively small Republican Caucus, which proposed the election of former lieutenant governor Jared Maddux, who had previously served as lieutenant governor during Clement's first administration.

A "nose count" revealed a total of sixteen Senators supporting Clement's selection of Gorrell, and sixteen supporting Maddux. The remaining member, Senator Charles O'Brien of Crossville, was in seclusion and could not be reached by either side. Clement, sensing victory, sent his sister Anna Belle, who also served as his chief of staff, to visit O'Brien's home and persuade him to support Gorrell. Exactly what occurred is unknown, but while O'Brien voted for Maddux, who was returned to office, Anna Belle Clement married Senator O'Brien, later serving in the Senate herself as Anna Belle Clement O'Brien, while Senator O'Brien later went on to serve as Chief Justice of the Tennessee Supreme Court. Gorrell's turn was to come two years later.

Gorrell was regarded as being both pro-business and somewhat progressive. After leaving state government he became a lobbyist and was regarded as the most influential lobbyist in the state at the time of his death.

## Death

Gorrell died in March 1994 as a result of a choking incident at a restaurant in Brentwood, Tennessee.

## InfoBox

| Frank Gorrell | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 47th Lieutenant Governor of Tennessee
Speaker of the Tennessee Senate | |
| **In office**
January 3, 1967  January 7, 1971 | |
| Governor | Buford Ellington |
| Preceded by | Jared Maddux |
| Succeeded by | John S. Wilder |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Frank Cheatham Gorrell
(1927-06-20)June 20, 1927
Russellville, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Died | March 12, 1994(1994-03-12) (aged 66)
Brentwood, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Bette Jamison  (m. 1947; died 1991) |
| Children | 3 |
|  | |


title: Pförring

abstract: Pförring is a municipality in the district of Eichstätt in Bavaria in Germany.

text:
# Pförring

**Pförring** is a municipality in the district of Eichstätt in Bavaria in Germany.

## InfoBox

| Pförring | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Church of Saint Leonhard | |
|  | |
| Location of Pförring within Eichstätt district | |
| Pförring Pförring | |
| Coordinates: 48°49′N 11°44′E / 48.817°N 11.733°E / 48.817; 11.733 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Bavaria |
| Admin. region | Oberbayern |
| District | Eichstätt |
| Municipal assoc. | Pförring |
| Government | |
| Mayor (202026) | Dieter Müller |
| Area | |
| Total | 43.54 km2 (16.81 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 356 m (1,168 ft) |
| Population (2023-12-31) | |
| Total | 4,114 |
| Density | 94/km2 (240/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 85104 |
| Dialling codes | 08403 |
| Vehicle registration | EI |
| Website | www.pfoerring.de |