title: Giuseppe Schifilliti

abstract: Giuseppe "Pino" Schifilliti is a former prominent member of the DeCavalcante crime family since the 1980s, heavily involved in labor racketeering and extortion activities.

text:
# Giuseppe Schifilliti

**Giuseppe** "**Pino**" **Schifilliti** (born 1938) is a former prominent member of the DeCavalcante crime family since the 1980s, heavily involved in labor racketeering and extortion activities.

## DeCavalcante crime family

Toward the mid-1970s, Giuseppe Schifilliti was inducted into the DeCavalcante crime family, under the leadership of Simone "Sam the Plumber" DeCavalcante and early underboss, Giovanni "John the Eagle" Riggi. By starting out as a soldier, Schifilliti was hired in the same "Laborers' International Union of North America" at Local 1030, where he used to extort and bribe union officials to influence the power of the DeCavalcante crime family in construction sites, throughout the 1970s, alongside Riggi, who was then seen as the new boss of the family.

During the early 1980s, Giovanni Riggi was in total charge of the DeCavalcante crime family, as he promoted Schifilliti to the rank of *caporegime* or Captain within the family. Operating out of the Elizabeth, New Jersey faction, Schifilliti became a top member of the family alongside Girolamo "Jimmy" Palermo and Stefano "Steve the Truck Driver" Vitabile, with labor and construction racketeering, extortion, illegal gambling, loansharking and money laundering as criminal activities. Schifilliti also reputedly went under the radar, and operated with huge muscle throughout the 1980s, and early 1990s without a single indictment.

In 1989, Riggi and several others were tried for racketeering and extortion charges. There was also internal rivalry brought up between the Newark and Elizabeth factions of the family. In 1990, Riggi was convicted on the charges and he was sentenced to 15 years. To make sure everyone knew he still ran the family, he ordered Schifilliti and consigliere Stefano Vitabile, to organize the murder of former underboss, Louis "Fat Lou" LaRasso, who was reported missing in 1991, as well as the then-current acting boss, John "Johnny Boy" D'Amato, who was murdered in 1992. Schifilliti was reportedly involved in both cases, as he cooperated much with Vitabile and the imprisoned Riggi.

### Indictments and trials

In 2000, internal rivalry almost brought a new war to the streets of New Jersey, as prominent acting boss Vincent "Vinny Ocean" Palermo was eager to control the entire DeCavalcante crime family, as he organized the attempted murder of rival Charles "Big Ears" Majuri, but failed to kill him. Later, an indictment wave of a four-year-investigation put 50 members and associates of the DeCavalcante crime family on trial, including prominent members Schifilliti, Palermo, Stefano Vitabile, Girolamo Palermo and Philip "Phil" Abramo, with labor racketeering, loansharking, extortion, fraud, illegal gambling, murder and conspiracy to commit murder charges. As that wasn't enough, Vincent Palermo decided to turn state's evidence, as did capo Anthony Rotondo and soldier Anthony Capo, over the next year due to the indictments. Schifilliti was held against bail, and due to his age, put under house arrest and put on trial in late 2001, and 2002.

## Current status

Schifilliti was tried with Vitabile and Abramo on two counts of murder and two counts of conspiracy to commit murder. He was charged with the murders of Louis LaRasso and the murder of John D'Amato, including the attempted murder of Charles Majuri. Schifilliti was convicted of racketeering, loansharking and extortion in 2003, as well as being convicted along with Vitabile and Abramo on the murder and conspiracy charges from the 1990s in late 2005. In 2006, Schifilliti was sentenced to life imprisonment along with Vitabile and Abramo.

In September 2008, a federal appeals court reversed Schifilliti's racketeering conviction and ordered a new trial.

## Further reading

* Smith, Greg B. *Made Men: The True Rise-and-Fall Story of a New Jersey Mob Family*. Berkley Books, 2003. ISBN 0-425-18551-6
* Jacobs, James B. *Busting the Mob: The United States Vs. Cosa Nostra*. New York: NYU Press, 1994. ISBN 0-8147-4230-0
* Jacobs, James B., Coleen Friel and Robert Radick. *Gotham Unbound: How New York City Was Liberated from the Grip of Organized Crime*. New York: NYU Press, 1999. ISBN 0-8147-4247-5
* Goldstock, Ronald, Martin Marcus and II Thacher. *Corruption and Racketeering in the New York City Construction Industry: Final Report of the New York State Organized Crime Task Force*. New York: NYU Press, 1990. ISBN 0-8147-3034-5
* United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. Organized Crime in America: Hearings Before the Committee on the Judiciary, United States Senate. Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O., 1983.

## InfoBox

| Giuseppe Schifilliti | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1938 (age 8586) |
| Other names | Pino |
|  | |
| Allegiance | DeCavalcante crime family |
| Criminal charge | Murder, conspiracy, racketeering, loansharking and extortion |
| Penalty | Life imprisonment |
|  | |


title: Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai

abstract: Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai is a 1961 Hindi-language musical comedy film that became a box office hit. It was written, produced, and directed by Nasir Hussain. The first film Hussain ever produced, it featured Dev Anand and Hussain fixture Asha Parekh in the leading roles. Pran played the villain in the film and Rajindernath starred in a supporting role. Hussain would rework some of the elements from this film into a later film, Teesri Manzil (1966). This was also the only time that he used Shankar Jaikishan as music directors and Dev Anand in a leading role. The playback singers were Mohammed Rafi and Lata Mangeshkar. In 2010, Shammi Kapoor revealed that Nasir Hussain had brazenly offered the film to him. Unhappy with his attitude, Kapoor declined the role. But he opined that this may have been an excuse by Hussain as he had already signed Dev Anand.

text:
# Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai

***Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai***  (transl.When One Falls in Love) is a 1961 Hindi-language musical comedy film that became a box office hit. It was written, produced, and directed by Nasir Hussain. The first film Hussain ever produced, it featured Dev Anand and Hussain fixture Asha Parekh in the leading roles. Pran played the villain in the film and Rajindernath starred in a supporting role.

Hussain would rework some of the elements from this film into a later film, *Teesri Manzil* (1966). This was also the only time that he used Shankar Jaikishan as music directors and Dev Anand in a leading role. The playback singers were Mohammed Rafi and Lata Mangeshkar.

In 2010, Shammi Kapoor revealed that Nasir Hussain had brazenly offered the film to him. Unhappy with his attitude, Kapoor declined the role. But he opined that this may have been an excuse by Hussain as he had already signed Dev Anand.

## Plot

Nisha belongs to a very wealthy family of Neelgaon, India. She is now of marriageable age, and her businessman father, Sardar Roop Singh wants her to marry his friend's son, Sohan, but Nisha dislikes him. While traveling to Darjeeling with a dance troupe, she meets Popat Lal, the son of one of her father's business associates, and after a few misadventures, both fall in love with each other. She takes Popat to meet her father, where he can also finalize his business transaction, but when Roop comes inside, he finds that Popat has disappeared, and in his place is another man claiming to be the real Popat. Nisha's heart is broken and she starts to hate Popat. She does meet with Popat, who tells her that his real name is Sunder and both had been promised to each other by their respective parents, but Roop had subsequently changed his mind. Nisha believes him and agrees to marry him without her father's blessings. When the marriage is to take place, a man named Khanna comes over and tells Nisha that Sunder is already married to a woman named Shanti, who he subsequently killed, and had been the primary accused in this case by the police. Watch what impact this news has on the marriage, and see what excuses Sunder now comes up with.

## Cast

## Soundtrack

The music was by Shankar–Jaikishan, and the soundtrack was sung by Mohammed Rafi and Lata Mangeshkar. The song lyrics were written by Hasrat Jaipuri and Shailendra.

The famous song "Aaj Kal Tere Mere Pyar Ke Charche" (used in Brahmachari (1968)) was written for this movie but was not included as Dev Anand rejected it.

Many of the songs went on to become classics and are still popular today, particularly, "Jiya O Jiya (Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai)" and "Teri Zulfon Se Judai," sung by Mohammed Rafi, were big hits, as was "Sau Saal Pehle," sung by Mohammad Rafi and Lata Mangeshkar. "Sau Saal Pehle" was later used in the Tamil film *Vallavanukku Vallavan* as "Manam Ennum".

In one scene, Popat Lal (Rajendra Nath) hums a song "Baba, Man Ki Aankhen Khol", which is originally from 1935 movie Dhoop Chhaon.

| **#** | Song | Singer(s) | Lyrics | Picturized on |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | "Jiya O Jiya" | Mohammed Rafi | Hasrat Jaipuri | Picturized on Dev Anand and Asha Parekh |
| **2** | "Yeh Aankhen Uff Yun Maa" | Mohammed Rafi and Lata Mangeshkar | Hasrat Jaipuri | Picturized on Dev Anand and Asha Parekh |
| **3** | "Sau Saal Pehle" | Mohammed Rafi and Lata Mangeshkar | Hasrat Jaipuri | Picturized on Dev Anand and Asha Parekh |
| **4** | "Tum Jaise Bigade Babu Se" | Lata Mangeshkar | Hasrat Jaipuri | Picturized on Asha Parekh |
| **5** | "Teri Zulfon Se Judai" | Mohammed Rafi | Hasrat Jaipuri | Picturized on Dev Anand and Asha Parekh |
| **6** | "Bin Dekhe Aur Bin Pehchane" | Mohammad Rafi | Shailendra | Picturized on Dev Ananad |
| **7** | "Nazar Mere Dil Ke Paar Hui" | Lata Mangeshkar | Shailendra | Picturized on Asha Parekh |
| **8** | "Jiya O Jiya" | Lata Mangeshkar | Hasrat Jaipuri | Picturized on Dev Anand and Asha Parekh |

1. "Worth Their Weight in Gold! | Box Office India : India's premier film trade magazine | Bollywood news, reviews, interviews, box office collection". Archived from the original on 3 November 2011. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
2. "Revisiting Dev Anand-Asha Parekh's frothy romance, Jab Pyar Kisise Hota Hai". *Rediff*.
3. "Jab Pyar Kisise Hota Hai Movie: Showtimes, Review, Trailer, Posters, News & Videos | eTimes"  via timesofindia.indiatimes.com.
4. *Yahoo could have been Dev Anand - Shammi Kapoor Unplugged*, retrieved 28 February 2022
5. Rangan, Baradwaj (5 October 2013). "Idharkuthane Aasaipattai Balakumara: The booze brothers". *The Hindu*  via www.thehindu.com.

## InfoBox

| Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai | |
| --- | --- |
| Poster | |
| Directed by | Nasir Hussain |
| Written by | Nasir Hussain |
| Produced by | Nasir Hussain |
| Starring | Dev Anand
Asha Parekh
Pran
Rajendra Nath |
| Cinematography | Dilip Gupta |
| Edited by | Babu Rao |
| Music by | Shankar Jaikishan |
| Release date | * 1961 (1961) |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindi |
| Box office | 1,80,00,000 |


title: Pieczyski

abstract: Pieczyski is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Perlejewo, within Siemiatycze County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) east of Perlejewo, 25 km (16 mi) north-west of Siemiatycze, and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.

text:
# Pieczyski

**Pieczyski** \[pjɛˈt͡ʂɨski\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Perlejewo, within Siemiatycze County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 2 kilometres (1 mi) east of Perlejewo, 25 km (16 mi) north-west of Siemiatycze, and 73 km (45 mi) south-west of the regional capital Białystok.

## InfoBox

| Pieczyski | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Pieczyski | |
| Coordinates: 52°34′N 22°35′E / 52.567°N 22.583°E / 52.567; 22.583 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Podlaskie |
| County | Siemiatycze |
| Gmina | Perlejewo |


title: William Langford (priest)

abstract: William Langford DD was a Canon of Windsor from 1787 to 1814

text:
# William Langford (priest)

**William Langford** DD (d. 21 January 1814) was a Canon of Windsor from 1787 to 1814

## Career

He was educated at King's College, Cambridge.

He was appointed:

* Lower Master (Ostiarius) of Eton College 1775
* Prebendary of the 3rd stall at Worcester 1785 - 1787
* Vicar of Nether Stowey, 1796
* Rector of Newdigate, Surrey
* Vicar of Isleworth 1801
* Fellow of Eton

He was appointed to the fifth stall in St George's Chapel, Windsor Castle in 1787 and held the canonry until 1814.


title: Rand Beers

abstract: Robert Rand Brittingham Beers is an American government official. He served as Deputy Homeland Security Advisor to the President of the United States during the Barack Obama administration. He also served as acting Secretary of Homeland Security following the resignation of Secretary Janet Napolitano on September 6, 2013 until Jeh Johnson assumed that office on December 23, 2013.

text:
# Rand Beers

**Robert Rand Brittingham Beers** (born November 30, 1942) is an American government official. He served as Deputy Homeland Security Advisor to the President of the United States during the Barack Obama administration. He also served as acting Secretary of Homeland Security following the resignation of Secretary Janet Napolitano on September 6, 2013 until Jeh Johnson assumed that office on December 23, 2013.

## Early career

Beers began his professional career as a Marine officer and rifle company commander in Vietnam (1964–1968). He entered the Foreign Service in 1971 and transferred to the Civil Service in 1983. He served most of his career in the Department of State, including as Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Regional Affairs in the Bureau of Politico-Military Affairs, focusing on the Middle East and Persian Gulf (1992–1993). He was Assistant Secretary of State for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs (1998–2002).

Beers also served on the NSC Staff in the following capacies: Director for Counter-terrorism and Counter-narcotics (1988–1992), Director for Peacekeeping (1993–1995), and Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Intelligence Programs (1995–1998), and Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director for Combating Terrorism on the NSC Staff (2002–2003).

He resigned from the NSC Staff in March 2003, retired from government service in April 2003, and served as national security advisor for the Kerry-Edwards campaign (2003–2004).

## John McCain controversy

Beers stirred up controversy with remarks he made at an event hosted by the Center for American Progress in June 2008. The event, dubbed "McCain University," was a comprehensive effort to illustrate John McCain's policy proposals in the context of the 2008 Presidential Election. During the question and answer portion of the event, Beers noted that "his \[John McCain's\] national security experience \[...\] is sadly limited" due to the fact that "he was in isolation essentially for many of those years and did not experience the turmoil here or the challenges that were involved for those of us who served in Vietnam during the Vietnam war." McCain, a captured U.S. Navy aviator, was a prisoner of war of the North Vietnamese government for several years, and was repeatedly tortured. Beers's comments elicited widespread criticism from conservative observers such as Rush Limbaugh and Karl Rove, as well as a variety of right-wing blogs.

## Homeland Security career

As Under Secretary, Beers directed the Department's efforts to reduce risks to physical, cyber and communications infrastructures. NPPD collaborates with all levels of government, the private sector, non-government organizations, and international bodies to prevent, respond to, and mitigate threats to U.S. national security from acts of terrorism, natural disasters, and other catastrophic events.

He is a member of the National Infrastructure Advisory Council.

Beers served as Counselor to Secretary Janet Napolitano beginning on January 21, 2009 and continued in that capacity while directing the activities of NPPD. Before his appointment, he was the co-leader of the Department of Homeland Security Transition Team for the incoming Obama administration. Prior to the 2008 election, Beers was president of the National Security Network, a Washington, D.C.-based foreign policy think tank he founded in 2006 to foster discussion of progressive national security ideas around the country, and an adjunct lecturer at Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University.

Between April and September in 2013, he was the acting United States Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security.

Following Napolitano's resignation on September 6, 2013, Beers became acting United States Secretary of Homeland Security. His tenure ended when Jeh Johnson was confirmed as Napolitano's replacement by the United States Senate on December 23, 2013.

## Personal life

Beers earned a bachelor's degree from Dartmouth College and a master's degree from the University of Michigan. The *New York Times* described Beers as "always a Democrat, though he served in several Republican administrations and says he voted for only one Republican: Spiro T. Agnew for governor of Maryland in 1966".

## InfoBox

| Rand Beers | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| United States Secretary of Homeland Security | |
| **Acting** | |
| **In office**
September 6, 2013  December 23, 2013 | |
| President | Barack Obama |
| Deputy | Rafael Borras (acting) |
| Preceded by | Janet Napolitano |
| Succeeded by | Jeh Johnson |
| United States Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security | |
| **Acting** | |
| **In office**
April 9, 2013  September 6, 2013 | |
| President | Barack Obama |
| Preceded by | Jane Holl Lute |
| Succeeded by | Rafael Borras (acting) |
| Under Secretary of Homeland Security for National Protection and Programs | |
| **In office**
June 19, 2009  March 6, 2014 | |
| President | Barack Obama |
| Preceded by | Robert Jamison |
| Succeeded by | Suzanne Spaulding |
| 7th Assistant Secretary of State for International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs | |
| **In office**
October 25, 1998  August 31, 2002 | |
| President | Bill Clinton
George W. Bush |
| Preceded by | Robert S. Gelbard |
| Succeeded by | Robert B. Charles |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1942-11-30) November 30, 1942
Washington, D.C., U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Education | Dartmouth College (BA)
University of Michigan (MA) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Branch/service | United States Marine Corps |
| Years of service | 1964–1968 |
| Battles/wars | Vietnam War |
|  | |


title: Raspberry, Arkansas

abstract: Raspberry is an unincorporated community in Pope County, Arkansas, United States.

text:
# Raspberry, Arkansas

**Raspberry** is an unincorporated community in Pope County, Arkansas, United States.

## InfoBox

| Raspberry, Arkansas | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Raspberry, ArkansasPosition in Arkansas | |
| Coordinates: 35°41′11″N 92°56′06″W / 35.68639°N 92.93500°W / 35.68639; -92.93500 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Arkansas |
| County | Pope |
| Elevation | 589 m (1,932 ft) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| GNIS feature ID | 73238 |


title: Merimde Beni Salama

abstract: Merimde Beni Salama is a Neolithic settlement in Egypt, in the West delta of the Nile, 45 km northwest of Cairo. It is the typesite of Merimde culture. The settlement was occupied for about 800 years, from around 5000 to 4200 BC. The population may have reached as many as 16,000. The site represents the earliest evidence for a fully sedentary settlement in the Nile valley.

text:
# Merimde Beni Salama

Merimde Beni Salama

**Merimde Beni Salama** is a Neolithic settlement in Egypt, in the West delta of the Nile, 45 km northwest of Cairo. It is the typesite of Merimde culture. The settlement was occupied for about 800 years, from around 5000 to 4200 BC. The population may have reached as many as 16,000. The site represents the earliest evidence for a fully sedentary settlement in the Nile valley.

## History of research

The site was discovered by Hermann Junker during his West Delta Expedition. He excavated the site from 1923 to 1939. In 1976, excavations were continued by the Egyptian Antiquities Organisation.

In 1977-1982, excavations were conducted by the German Institute of Archaeology in Cairo under the direction of Josef Eiwanger.

## Description

### Lithic assemblages

Merimde is located near the terraces at the Wadi el-Gamal. A wide variety of Paleolithic lithic assemblages have been discovered in the area. Finds around Merimde Beni Salama fall into four broad phases, the Lower Palaeolithic, the Middle Palaeolithic, the Epipalaeolithic and the Neolithic. All these correlate with many other dated lithic assemblages in the broader region, such as in Upper Egypt, Nubia, and Libya, as well as in the Nile Delta.

The Qarunian stone industry in the Faiyum, and the Helwanian industry (Helwan points) provide the closest similarities to those at Wadi Gamal terraces. Both of them are microlithic, consisting mostly of bladelets and blades.

### Settlement

Early on, the settlement had been considered to be ca. 25 hectares, but recent research expanded this to at least 40 hectares, and possibly as much as 60 hectares.

The earliest radiocarbon date for Merimde Beni Salama is 5300 BC. Agriculture and animal breeding were a feature at the site right from the beginning.

According to Eiwanger, there were 3 functional phases of the settlement, with a total of 5 layers. After Phase I, there was a clear interruption in the settlement activity.

In Phase II, the settlement became more compact and substantial, with storage pits and hearths. Dwellings were in the form of rush and reed shelters. The role of cattle breeding also increased, but hunting still played an important role. Wheat, barley, sorghum and vetch were cultivated.

At this stage, the settlement was inhabited by communities with strong African influences. Sorghum is a crop that is native to Africa, where it was first domesticated.

During Phase III, the first human depictions known from Egypt were found, such as a figurine with visible hair, eyes and breasts.

Northeast of Merimde Beni Salama, in the western Delta, a Neolithic settlement at Sais had been identified in 1999. Numerous cultural parallels with Merimde are found here. Agriculture appears at Sais at about the same time as Merimde.

The adoption of a settled hunting and agricultural lifestyle in the Delta area may be connected to gradual changes in climatic conditions from 4600 BC onwards. It is believed that the Middle Holocene Moist phase started at that time.

## Literature

30°18′58″N 30°51′00″E / 30.316°N 30.850°E / 30.316; 30.850


title: No Rain, No Rainbow

abstract: No Rain, No Rainbow is the fourth studio album by the American metalcore band, Greeley Estates. It is their last release with the guitarist Alex Torres. Its only single was "Loyal.com". The album is Greeley Estates' heaviest release, with many songs having fast tempos and blast beats, and with some songs completely absent of clean vocals. The opening track, "Seven Hours", features the frontman Ryan Zimmerman's wife, Michelle. There are many other guest vocalists on the album, including Craig Mabbitt of Escape the Fate, Beau Bokan and Jared Warth of Blessthefall and Cameron Martin of The Irish Front.

text:
# No Rain, No Rainbow

***No Rain, No Rainbow*** is the fourth studio album by the American metalcore band, Greeley Estates. It is their last release with the guitarist Alex Torres. Its only single was "Loyal.com". The album is Greeley Estates' heaviest release, with many songs having fast tempos and blast beats, and with some songs completely absent of clean vocals.

The opening track, "Seven Hours", features the frontman Ryan Zimmerman's wife, Michelle. There are many other guest vocalists on the album, including Craig Mabbitt of Escape the Fate, Beau Bokan and Jared Warth of Blessthefall and Cameron Martin of The Irish Front.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Seven Hours" (featuring Michelle Zimmerman, Kari Trummel and Amy Cooper) | 3:46 |
| 2. | "I Shot the Maid" (featuring Cameron Martin of The Irish Front, Craig Mabbitt of Escape the Fate and Jared Warth of Blessthefall) | 3:22 |
| 3. | "Loyal.com" | 3:05 |
| 4. | "Friends Are Friends for Never" (featuring Cameron Martin of the Irish Front) | 3:33 |
| 5. | "The Offer" | 3:16 |
| 6. | "Jealousy Breeds Killing Sprees" (featuring Craig Mabbitt of Escape the Fate) | 3:17 |
| 7. | "Swim For Your Lives" (featuring Jared Warth of Blessthefall) | 2:53 |
| 8. | "They Won't Stay Dead" | 4:13 |
| 9. | "Lying Through Your Teeth Doesn't Count as Flossing" (featuring Beau Bokan of Blessthefall) | 3:17 |
| 10. | "Wolves Make Great Actors" | 3:42 |
| 11. | "4,5,6" | 0:55 |
| 12. | "You'll Never Leave Vegas Alive" | 3:47 |
| Total length: | | 37:20 |

## Personnel

**Greeley Estates**

* Ryan Zimmerman – lead vocals
* Brandon Hackenson – lead guitars, programming
* Alex Torres – guitars
* David Ludlow – bass guitar
* Chris Julian – drums

**Guest vocalists**

* Michelle Zimmerman, Kari Trummel
* Amy Cooper - track 1
* Cameron Martin on tracks 2, 4, and 12
* Craig Mabbitt \- tracks 2 and 6
* Jared Warth - tracks 2 and 7
* Beau Bokan \- track 9

**Additional personnel**

* All music written and arranged by Greeley Estates
* Greeley Estates Music LLC (BMI)/Tragic Hero Records
* Recorded, programmed, engineered, mixed and mastered by Cory Spotts
* Produced by Cory Spotts and Greeley Estates
* Additional programming and engineering by Brandon Hackenson and David Ludlow
* Recorded at Bluelight Audio, Phoenix, Arizona
* Drum tech: Marty Welker
* Booking: Matt Pike (The Kenmore Agency)
* Legal representation: Lisa Socransky
* A&R: Tommy LaCombe
* Illustrations: Ryan Peterson (Fallencircus.com)
* Design/layout: Brian Trummel (TheBlackRhinos.com)

## InfoBox

| No Rain, No Rainbow | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Greeley Estates | |
| Released | January 26, 2010 |
| Genre | Metalcore |
| Length | 37:20 |
| Label | Tragic Hero |
| Producer | Cory Spotts |
| Greeley Estates chronology | |
| *Go West Young Man, Let the Evil Go East*
(2008) ***No Rain, No Rainbow***
(2010) *The Death of Greeley Estates*
(2011) | |


title: Rabbah b. Shela

abstract: Rabbah b. Shela was a Babylonian rabbi of the 4th century.

text:
# Rabbah b. Shela

**Rabbah b. Shela** (or **Rabbah b. Shila** or **R. Abba b. Shila** or **Rabbah son of R. Shila** or simply **Rabbah**) was a Babylonian rabbi of the 4th century (fourth generation of amoraim).

## Biography

Rabbah was probably a student of Rav Chisda, to whom he once addressed a halakhic question; he also quotes some of Chisda's halakhic and aggadic teachings. He also transmitted teachings in the name of Rav Nachman, R. Matna, and R. Hamnuna the Elder.

He was a contemporary of Rava, and a judge probably at Pumbedita. His strict honesty is shown by his teaching that a judge may not borrow anything from those who are under his jurisdiction, unless he is in a position to lend something in return, since otherwise he may be bribed by the kindness which has been done to him in the making of the loan.

Several of his interpretations of Biblical passages have been preserved, some being his independent opinions, while others were derived from his predecessors.

It is told that he once met Elijah and asked him: "What is the Holy One, blessed be He, doing?" Elijah answered: "He utters traditions in the name of all the Rabbis, but in the name of Rabbi Meir He does not utter... because he learnt traditions at the mouth of Aher. Rabbah asked, "But why? R. Meir \[is like a man who\] found a pomegranate; he ate \[the fruit\] within it, and the peel he threw away!" Elijah answered: "Now He \[the Holy One\] says: Meir my son says..."

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "RABBAH B. SHELA". *The Jewish Encyclopedia*. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.


title: Origins (God Is an Astronaut album)

abstract: Origins is the sixth studio album by Irish post-rock band God Is an Astronaut. It was released on September 16, 2013 in the UK, and in the US a day later.

text:
# Origins (God Is an Astronaut album)

***Origins*** is the sixth studio album by Irish post-rock band God Is an Astronaut. It was released on September 16, 2013 in the UK, and in the US a day later.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Aggregate scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 78/100 |
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| *Drowned in Sound* | 8/10 |
| *The Line of Best Fit* | 7.5/10 |
| PopMatters |  |
| Sputnikmusic | 2.8/5 |

*Origins* received positive reviews from critics. On Metacritic, the album holds a score of 78/100 based on 4 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "The Last March" | 4:44 |
| 2. | "Calistoga" | 4:30 |
| 3. | "Reverse World" | 5:10 |
| 4. | "Transmissions" | 4:03 |
| 5. | "Weightless" | 4:12 |
| 6. | "Exit Dream" | 3:31 |
| 7. | "Signal Rays" | 4:07 |
| 8. | "Autumn Song" | 3:47 |
| 9. | "Spiral Code" | 4:13 |
| 10. | "Strange Steps" | 4:55 |
| 11. | "Red Moon Lagoon" | 4:45 |
| 12. | "Light Years from Home" | 5:08 |

## InfoBox

| Origins | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by God Is an Astronaut | |
| Released | September 16, 2013 |
| Genre | Post-rock |
| Length | 53:05 |
| Label | Rocket Girl |
| God Is an Astronaut chronology | |
| *Age of the Fifth Sun*
(2010) ***Origins***
(2013) *Helios|Erebus*
(2015) | |


title: Glen Norah, Harare

abstract: Glen Norah is a high-density, working class suburb in southwest Harare, Zimbabwe.

text:
# Glen Norah, Harare

**Glen Norah** is a high-density, working class suburb in southwest Harare, Zimbabwe.

## Features

The suburb borders with Glen View and Highfield mostly high density surbubs . **Highfield** is regarded to be where the fight for the liberation struggle began. Glen Norah is divided into three sections A, B and C, with A bordering with Glen View. Glen Norah C is along the High Glen Road towards Chitungwiza/Beatrice Road and also borders Highfield. Glen Norah B is in the middle of A and C.

Glen Norah has been the home of notable Zimbabweans including Stunner, Addington Dzingirai, Alexio Kawara, and Priscilla Misihairabwi-Mushonga. It has been home to the deceased footballer George Shaya \[Dynamos and Zimbabwe international\], former Kaizer Chiefs soccer star Tinashe Nengomasha, and artists Simon Choper Chimbetu and Sulumani Chimbetu (Sungura).

Glen Norah is home to seven primary schools: Ruvheneko, Infill, Kudakwashe, Zuvarabuda, Shiriyedenga, Chembira, Glen Norah Seven, and Glen Norah Nine, all which offer kindergarten through grade seven. There are two public secondary schools in Glen Norah, with only Glen Norah One offering A-levels. St. Peter's Kubatana is also in Rockview which is a Glen Norah middle class density area, a work of the Jesuits which goes back to 1963 and includes a technical school.

## History

Nearby, Glen View and Glen Norah both used to be a farm owned by a farmer known as Mr. Baxter. Glen Norah got its name from Norah, who was Baxter’s wife. ‘Glen’ is old English for a narrow valley. Used in conjunction, it became Norah’s valley while Glen View, on higher ground, gave the view of the valley.

High Glen Road was part of the farm stretching down to the Mukuvisi River. The early inhabitants used to call the place KwaBhakasta. The farmhouse is at present-day St Peter's Kubatana school. The eucalyptus trees that now dominate the area were first planted during the area's farming days and today are colloquially known as *Mapuranga,* the place of wood. The park in Glen Norah was formerly a dam on the farm that until the mid-1960s when the farm was drained and developed into a residential area. Prior to that, people used to purchase cheap pork hides and bones from Baxter Farm on the city's outskirts.

17°54′S 30°58′E / 17.900°S 30.967°E / -17.900; 30.967


title: Jab Jab Phool Khile (1975 film)

abstract: Jub Jub Phool Khiley was a Pakistani Urdu-language film, released on 21 November 1975. It starred Zeba, Mumtaz, Waheed Murad, Mohammad Ali and Nadeem. The film went on to be a super-hit at the cinemas all over Pakistan and completed 50 weeks on the big screen, becoming a golden jubilee film

text:
# Jab Jab Phool Khile (1975 film)

**Jub Jub Phool Khiley** (transl. Whenever the blossoms bloom) was a Pakistani Urdu-language film, released on 21 November 1975. It starred Zeba, Mumtaz, Waheed Murad, Mohammad Ali and Nadeem.

The film went on to be a super-hit at the cinemas all over Pakistan and completed 50 weeks on the big screen, becoming a golden jubilee film

## Plot

In a house like any other, live a lawyer, his wife, their 3 sons (Naeem, Saleem and Nadeem) and their nanny Surayya. During his lifetime, the lawyer has made many enemies including the convicts he has put in jail. On a stormy night, one of those convicts, now a free man, arrives at his doorstep to seek revenge. Although the lawyer does not fear his imminent death, the convict, named Raja Daaku says he will kill off the lawyer's whole family. The lawyer's wife tries to save her husband but gets shot in the process and her husband meets the same fate. The three boys are separated in the confusion. Surayya, the nanny, runs in desperation with the only child she can save, Nadeem, and the other two boys run off by themselves. Naeem manages to board a train but Saleem is not quick enough to board the train and is left behind.

Years later, all three boys have grown up and meet completely different fates, unaware of each other's whereabouts.

Naeem (Mohammad Ali) has been adopted by a wealthy land owner and has become a lawyer and also handles his adoptive father's business. He marries his childhood sweetheart Naila (Zeba). Saleem (Waheed Murad) is caught by Raja Daaku and brought up as a smuggler thief. Nadeem is brought up by their nanny Surayya and grows up to be a dedicated Intelligence Officer. He loves his boisterous neighbor Chandani (Salma Mumtaz).

The story later unfolds as how fate makes the long-lost brothers meet and what is in each of their destinies.

At the end Nadeem baig was a good and lovely actor he helps many poor people in his real life

## Cast

## Super-hit film songs

## InfoBox

| Jub Jub Phool Khiley | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Iqbal Akhtar |
| Written by | Zahida Masroor |
| Screenplay by | Masroor Anwar |
| Produced by | Riaz Bukhari and Shariq Chaudhry |
| Starring | Waheed Murad
Mohammad Ali
Nadeem
Zeba
Mumtaz
Ibrahim Nafees
Aliya Begum
Khalid Saleem Mota
Najma Mehboob |
| Music by | M. Ashraf |
| Release date | * 21 November 1975 (1975-11-21) |
| Running time | 180 minutes |
| Country | Pakistan |
| Language | Urdu |


title: Pierre Le Guay de Prémontval

abstract: André Pierre Le Guay de Prémontval was a French mathematician and philosopher.

text:
# Pierre Le Guay de Prémontval

**André Pierre Le Guay de Prémontval** (16 February 1716 – 2 September 1764) was a French mathematician and philosopher.

## Biography

He was born in Charenton-le-Pont on 16 February 1716.

In 1744, he was forced to flee France to Switzerland due to his criticism of Catholic doctrines, accompanied by his student Marie Anne Victoire Pigeon; on 30 June 1746, they married. Prémontval had been raised Roman Catholic, but had spent some time as an atheist and then deist; in Switzerland, Prémontval and his wife converted to Protestantism.

Later they moved to Berlin, where he was admitted to the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences.

## Philosophical work

Prémontval criticised the empiricist theory of the self, arguing that there is a real distinction between an individual's personality and soul that is often ignored, and that our possession of the later is our justification for our interest in the former.

Prémontval’s hypothesis termed "psychocracy" proposed that there is real interaction between the body and soul, but it is an immaterial kind of influence as opposed to a physical kind.

## Selected publications

* *Cause bizarre ou Pièces d'un procès ecclésiastico-civil*, 1755. (Scanned copy at Google Books)
* *Le Diogène de D'Alembert on Pensées libres sur l'Homme*, 1755. (Scanned copy at Google Books)
* *Discours sur diverses notions préliminaires à l'étude des mathématiques* \[Discourse on diverse notions preliminary to the study of mathematics\], 1743. (Scanned copy at Google Books)
* *Discours sur la nature des quantités que les mathématiques ont pour objet*, 1742. (Scanned copy at Google Books)
* *Discours sur la qualité du nombre*, 1743.
* *Discours sur l'utilité des mathématiques*, 1742.
* *L'esprit de Fontenelle on Recueil de pensées tirées de ses ouvrages*, 1744, 1755, 1767.
* *Le hasard sous l'empire de la Providence*, 1754.
* *Lettres contre le dogme de l'eucharistie tel qu'il est enseigné par l'Église romaine adressées en 1735 au fameux P. Tournemine jésuite.*
* *Mémoires*, 1749.
* *La monogamie ou L'unité dans le mariage*, 1751. (Google Books Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3; German translation by Windheim, 1753: Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3)
* *Panagiana Panurglca ou Le faux évangélîste*, 1750.
* *Pensées sur la liberté*, 1750.
* *Préservatifs contre la corruption de la langue française en Allemagne*, 1761.
* *Vues philosophiques ou Protestations et déclarations sur les principaux objets des connaissances humaines*, 1757, 1761.


title: Rapides Parish Coliseum

abstract: The Rapides Parish Coliseum is a multi-purpose arena located on Louisiana Highway 28 West in Alexandria, Louisiana. The coliseum can seat up to 10,000 people in the 65,000-square-foot (6,000 m⁲) building. Additional space is in the smaller Exhibition Hall, also on the property. Built in 1965 by Buddy Tudor's family-owned construction company in Pineville with foreman Pete Honeycutt along with the senior Tudor directing the construction. The dome-topped coliseum has hosted thousands of events, including music concerts, "monster" truck shows, professional wrestling, trade shows and sporting events. Additional facilities on the grounds include a 23,000-square-foot (2,100 m⁲) Exhibition Hall often used for trade shows.

text:
# Rapides Parish Coliseum

The **Rapides Parish Coliseum** (often called the Rapides Coliseum, as noted on the sign out front) is a multi-purpose arena located on Louisiana Highway 28 West in Alexandria, Louisiana. The coliseum can seat up to 10,000 people in the 65,000-square-foot (6,000 m2) building. Additional space is in the smaller Exhibition Hall, also on the property. Built in 1965 by Buddy Tudor's family-owned construction company in Pineville with foreman Pete Honeycutt along with the senior Tudor directing the construction. The dome-topped coliseum has hosted thousands of events, including music concerts, "monster" truck shows, professional wrestling, trade shows and sporting events.

Additional facilities on the grounds include a 23,000-square-foot (2,100 m2) Exhibition Hall often used for trade shows.

## Arena information

The arena was first constructed in 1964 and completed in 1965. The venue features 4 meeting rooms with over 700 square feet (100 m2) of space, 2 multi-purpose rooms with over 2,100 square feet (200 m2) of space, a catering kitchen, 4 locker rooms, 10 luxury suites, office space, ticket booths, and a merchandise store. The coliseum property contains a 2,500 lot parking space.

Anthony S. "Tony" D'Angelo (1917-2012), an Alexandria native, was named in the spring of 1969 as the manager of the Coliseum. After thirty years as an officer in the United States Navy, in which he reached the rank of lieutenant commander, D'Angelo returned home to take over management of the facility and served in that capacity through most of the 1970s. He was then named the Alexandria municipal public works director under then Mayor Carroll E. Lanier, upon the retirement for health reasons of the previous director, Malcolm Hebert.

Beginning September 1, 2017, a private firm called SMG will assume management of the Coliseum; the company was actually in place a month earlier in preparation for the transition. SMG has a five-year contract to run the facility. With the Rapides Parish Jury's decision to allow SMG to take over operations for the Coliseum, the officials held a special meeting on August 11, 2017, and voted to dissolve the Coliseum Authority. Rapides Parish officials contend that SMG can offer better incentives to promoters so that a smaller market like Alexandria can land quality entertainment. The company manages eleven facilities in Louisiana, including the Mercedes-Benz Superdome in New Orleans and the CenturyLink Center in Bossier City.

### 2017 Renovations

In October 2008, a report was produced for the Rapides Parish Police Jury that estimates the total cost of repairs and needed updates to be $10 million. On November 6, 2012, Rapides Parish voters approved a $23 million bond issue back by a $2.5 million property tax for the coliseum. Also approved was a $1 million tax to pay for the coliseum maintenance and operations for a period of 20 years. The $23 million taxes would pay for renovation projects that included an expanded seating capacity, a new 3-story lobby, sky boxes and exhibition hall, improved electrical systems and roofing, new rest rooms, stages, dressing rooms, and a basketball floor, and a rebuilt parking space. The coliseum also features a new center-hung video display. The renovation was designed to give the coliseum a modern appeal and attract larger events for the Rapides Parish area.

Start of construction for the project was delayed due to the Rapides Parish Police Jury's difficulty of obtaining a permit to begin the renovations because of dispute between them and the city of Alexandria over the Rapides Parish Coliseum parking lot issue which was eventually settled. The project officially began in April 2015. Renovation was completed and the coliseum held their grand opening on February 10, 2017.

### Seating capacity

The arena as a concert venue can seat 8,000 for end-stage shows and 10,000 for a center-stage shows. For open floor shows, the arena can seat 7,000. For basketball games, the venue can seat 8,900.

The maximum seating capacity history for the venue has gone as follows:

* 6,512 (1965–2017)
* 10,000 (2017–present)

## Events

### Sports

The LSUA Generals Men's and Women's basketball teams played their first ever home game in the coliseum on February 16, 2017, against the St. Thomas Celts. Peak attendance was reached the Men's game with 2,722 fans. This was the coliseum's first event held there since its closure for renovations. The Men's team defeated St. Thomas 80-75 and the Women's team won 80-50.

The coliseum hosted the men's and women's Red River Athletic Conference basketball tournament on March 2–4, 2017. This was the first time the RRAC's tournament since going to a single site format in 2001 is played outside the state of Texas.

#### Former sports

Past sports teams based at the Rapides Coliseum include the Louisiana Rangers, a member of the IPFL, and the Alexandria Warthogs, a member of the WPHL. The coliseum also has hosted the Louisiana High School Athletic Association basketball state championships.

### Other events

The coliseum was home to the annual Rapides Parish Fair every October from 1960 to 2013. In 2014, the fair moved to the LSUA Ag center on U.S. Route 71 just south of Alexandria.

Some of the site's more famous visitors include Lipizzan stallions (1973), Elvis Presley (1977), Holiday on Ice, the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. (1966), Ronald Reagan (1975), George Wallace Jr. (1976).

In 2005, the facility was used as a shelter by the American Red Cross after Hurricane Katrina and during Hurricane Rita. It was during Rita that it lost power and water for a short period of time.

Recent events staged at the site include the Barnum and Bailey Circus on Dec. 2, 2008, World Wrestling Entertainment in January 2009, and the Gaither Homecoming Tour on March 7, 2009.

## InfoBox

Rapides Parish Coliseum
| *Rapides Coliseum*, *The Coliseum* | |
| --- | --- |
| Front Entrance of Rapides Coliseum | |
|  | |
| Location | 5600 Coliseum Boulevard
Alexandria, Louisiana 71303 |
| Coordinates | 31°17′48″N 92°30′13″W / 31.29667°N 92.50361°W / 31.29667; -92.50361 |
| Owner | Rapides Parish |
| Operator | ASM Global |
| Capacity | Center-Stage: 10,000
Basketball: 8,900
Concert End-Stage: 8,000
Open Floor: 7,000 |
| Surface | Multi-surface |
| Construction | |
| Opened | 1965 (1965) |
| Renovated | 2015–2017 |
| Reopened | February 10, 2017 (2017-02-10) |
| Construction cost | $22.9 million (2017 renovation) |
| Architect | Buddy Tudor, Tudor Construction Company Bill Tudor, Alliance Design Group (2017 Renovation) |
| Tenants | |
| Alexandria Warthogs (WPHL) (19982000)
Louisiana Rangers (IPFL/NIFL) (20002002) | |


title: Rand Araskog

abstract: Rand Vincent Araskog was an American manufacturing executive, investor, and writer who served as the CEO of ITT Corporation. During his time as the CEO between 1979 and 1998 he was known for divesting the conglomerate of multiple businesses including hotels, rental cars, and insurance to retain its focus on its core telecom businesses.

text:
# Rand Araskog

**Rand Vincent Araskog** (October 31, 1931 – August 9, 2021) was an American manufacturing executive, investor, and writer who served as the CEO of ITT Corporation. During his time as the CEO between 1979 and 1998 he was known for divesting the conglomerate of multiple businesses including hotels, rental cars, and insurance to retain its focus on its core telecom businesses.

## Early life

Rand Vincent Araskog was born on October 30, 1931, in Fergus Falls, Minnesota in a family of Swedish descent. His father was a tax collector and a dairy farmer in the town. He was elected as a valedictorian in his school and went on to the United States Military Academy at West Point where he graduated in 1953, majoring in Soviet studies. He graduated from Harvard University majoring in Russian studies and spent a year in West Germany serving at a US Army intelligence post.

## Career

Araskog started his career working for the Defense Department at the Pentagon and the National Security Agency from where he was sent to work in Europe. Upon his return to the U.S., he left the Pentagon and worked for Honeywell in 1960 as marketing director in the aeronautical division.

In 1966, he joined ITT Corporation in its Defense Space Group in Nutley, New Jersey. When he joined the company, it had grown since its founding in 1920 as a telecom service provider for Cuba and Puerto Rico, to being a conglomerate with business interests spanning Avis Car Rentals, Hartford Insurance, Sheraton Hotels and Hostess Twinkies, the company that manufactured Wonder Bread. During this time, he had become the right hand man of then chairman Harold Geneen. The company during this time was under scrutiny for its lobbying efforts in Washington, D.C. and for foreign political interference in Chilean politics. With this background, he became the company's CEO in 1979 succeeding Lyman C. Hamilton. He also became the chairman of the board the same year, succeeding Geneen.

His early years were spent building the group's telecom business, including developing the ITT System 12, an early stage digital telephone exchange, before selling the business to French state-owned company Generale d’Electricite in 1986. He continued to spend the remainder of his time as the CEO in divesting the vast conglomerate as investors were vying for focus on its core businesses. He saw off a hostile takeover bid of by Hilton Hotels corporation but agreed to sell the group's hotel businesses under the Sheraton brand to Starwood Hotel & Resorts Worldwide, Inc. in 1997. He retired from the company in 1998.

Araskog was named an Officer in the French Legion of Honor in 1987. He has also been awarded the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic by the President of Italy and the Order of Bernardo O'Higgins by the president of Chile. He was awarded an honorary doctorate of humane letters by Hofstra University in 1990.

He was later self-employed as a private investor and also acted as principal in RVA Investments and on the Board of Directors of American cable television company Cablevision and the Palm Beach Civic Association.

## Personal life

Araskog met his wife Jessie Gustafson, when she was studying religion at Gustavus Adolphus College. The couple married in July 1956 and went on to have three children, two daughters and one son. He died on August 9, 2021, at the age of 89 in Palm Beach, Florida.

For many years, Araskog resided with his family in the gated community of Smoke Rise, located in Kinnelon, New Jersey, a suburb of New York.

## Bibliography

* Araskog, Rand V. (2000). *The ITT Wars: An Insider's View of Hostile Takeovers*. New York: Beard Books. ISBN 1-89312-238-7.
* Araskog, Rand V. (1989). *Dawn Raiders and White Knights: The Inside Story of a Corporation Under Siege*. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 1-853-36160-7.
* Araskog, Rand V.; James L. Bikoff (1987). *Toward the Year 2000*. New York: ITT Corporation.

## InfoBox

| Rand Araskog | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Rand Vincent Araskog
(1931-10-31)October 31, 1931
Fergus Falls, Minnesota, U.S. |
| Died | August 9, 2021(2021-08-09) (aged 89)
Palm Beach, Florida, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | West Point, Harvard University |
| Occupation(s) | Manufacturing executive, investor, writer |
| Employer(s) | Honeywell, ITT Corporation |
| Known for | CEO of ITT Corporation |
| Spouse | Jessie M. Gustafson Araskog |
| Children | two daughters and one son |


title: Merimepodib

abstract: Merimepodib (VX-497) is a drug which acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, which is required for the synthesis of nucleotide bases containing guanine. This consequently inhibits synthesis of DNA and RNA, and results in antiviral and immunosuppressive effects. It progressed as far as Phase 2b human clinical trials against Hepatitis C but showed only modest benefits in comparison to existing treatments, however it continues to be researched, and also shows activity against other viral diseases such as Zika virus and foot and mouth disease virus. Merimepodib was investigated in combination with remdesivir in a phase 2 clinical trial in the U.S. as a potential treatment of COVID-19 by ViralClear Pharmaceuticals. The trial stopped in October 2020, and the company announced in a news release that it was "unlikely that the trial would meet its primary safety endpoints", and that it "does not intend to further develop merimepodib".

text:
# Merimepodib

**Merimepodib** (**VX-497**) is a drug which acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, which is required for the synthesis of nucleotide bases containing guanine. This consequently inhibits synthesis of DNA and RNA, and results in antiviral and immunosuppressive effects. It progressed as far as Phase 2b human clinical trials against Hepatitis C but showed only modest benefits in comparison to existing treatments, however it continues to be researched, and also shows activity against other viral diseases such as Zika virus and foot and mouth disease virus.

Merimepodib was investigated in combination with remdesivir in a phase 2 clinical trial in the U.S. as a potential treatment of COVID-19 by ViralClear Pharmaceuticals. The trial stopped in October 2020, and the company announced in a news release that it was "unlikely that the trial would meet its primary safety endpoints", and that it "does not intend to further develop merimepodib".

## InfoBox

Merimepodib
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | * US: Investigational drug |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * \[(3*S*)-oxolan-3-yl\] *N*-\[(3-{\[3-methoxy-4-(1,3-oxazol-5-yl)phenyl\]carbamoylamino}phenyl)methyl\]carbamate | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| DrugBank |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| KEGG |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C23H24N4O6 |
| Molar mass | 452.467 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)NC(=O)NC2=CC=CC(=C2)CNC(=O)O\[C@H\]3CCOC3)C4=CN=CO4 | |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C23H24N4O6/c1-30-20-10-17(5-6-19(20)21-12-24-14-32-21)27-22(28)26-16-4-2-3-15(9-16)11-25-23(29)33-18-7-8-31-13-18/h2-6,9-10,12,14,18H,7-8,11,13H2,1H3,(H,25,29)(H2,26,27,28)/t18-/m0/s1 * Key:JBPUGFODGPKTDW-SFHVURJKSA-N | |


title: No Rain

abstract: "No Rain" is a song by American rock band Blind Melon. It was released in 1993 as the second single from the band's debut album Blind Melon. The song is well known for its accompanying music video, which features the "Bee Girl" character. The music video, directed by Samuel Bayer, received heavy airplay on MTV at the time of its release. It subsequently helped propel Blind Melon to multi-platinum level. The song is the band's highest-charting song, reaching number 20 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number one on both the Billboard Album Rock Tracks and Modern Rock Tracks charts. It proved to be successful internationally, peaking at number one in Canada and number eight in Australia.

text:
# No Rain

"**No Rain**" is a song by American rock band Blind Melon. It was released in 1993 as the second single from the band's debut album *Blind Melon*. The song is well known for its accompanying music video, which features the "Bee Girl" character. The music video, directed by Samuel Bayer, received heavy airplay on MTV at the time of its release. It subsequently helped propel *Blind Melon* to multi-platinum level.

The song is the band's highest-charting song, reaching number 20 on the US *Billboard* Hot 100 and number one on both the *Billboard* Album Rock Tracks and Modern Rock Tracks charts. It proved to be successful internationally, peaking at number one in Canada and number eight in Australia.

## Background

"No Rain" is in the key of E Mixolydian, and is performed in a moderately fast tempo.

Although the song is credited to the whole band, it was bassist Brad Smith who wrote the greater part of "No Rain". He said: "The song is about not being able to get out of bed and find excuses to face the day when you have really, in a way, nothing." At the time, Smith had been dating a girl who was going through depression (she would sleep through sunny days and complain when it did not rain), and for a while he told himself that he was writing the song from her perspective, though Smith later realized that he was also writing it about himself.

## Music video

The music video, directed by Samuel Bayer, stars Heather DeLoach as the "Bee Girl", a young tap dancer wearing a homemade bee costume and large glasses, modeled after the *Blind Melon* album cover: a family picture of Georgia Graham, younger sister of drummer Glen Graham. The Bee Girl's story is intercut with footage of Blind Melon performing in a field against a clear blue sky.

It opens on the girl's tap routine; the audience responds with mocking laughter, and the girl runs off-stage in tears. As the song plays, she wanders through Los Angeles, stopping to perform her dance for whoever will watch, but she still feels alone. Ultimately, at the point in the song where the word "escape" is repeated, she peeks through a gate, which elicits a look of astonishment on her face, then runs through it to join a group of "bee people" just like her, dancing joyfully in a green field.

As a result of the video, DeLoach appeared on the 1993 MTV Video Music Awards doing her "Bee Girl" dance to close the show, and also appeared as the "Bee Girl" in the video for "Weird Al" Yankovic's song "Bedrock Anthem".

## Reception

*Pitchfork* described the song as "a playfully jingle-jangle riff that feels strummed from a hammock, a beguiling falsetto vocal from wildly charismatic frontman Shannon Hoon, a sweet and mournful lyric about watching the world go by that doesn't sound depressed even though it literally describes depression."

## Track listings

## Charts

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | Gold | 35,000^ |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Silver | 200,000 |
| ^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| United States | 1993 | * CD * cassette | Capitol |  |
| United Kingdom | November 29, 1993 | | * 7-inch vinyl * 12-inch vinyl * CD * cassette |  |

## InfoBox

| "No Rain" | |
| --- | --- |
| U.S. CD maxi-single | |
| Single by Blind Melon | |
| from the album  *Blind Melon* | |
| B-side | * "Drive" (live) * "Soak the Sin" (live) |
| Released | 1993 (1993) |
| Studio | London Bridge (Seattle, Washington) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 3:37 |
| Label | Capitol |
| Songwriter(s) | Blind Melon |
| Producer(s) |  |
| Blind Melon singles chronology | |
| "Tones of Home"
(1992) "**No Rain**"
(1993) "I Wonder"
(1993) | |


title: Orizoba Spence

abstract: Orizoba O. Spence, alternatively spelled Orisoba, was a sergeant in the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for gallantry in action during the Indian Wars.

text:
# Orizoba Spence

**Orizoba O. Spence** (1847 – April 7, 1876), alternatively spelled **Orisoba**, was a sergeant in the United States Army who received the Medal of Honor for gallantry in action during the Indian Wars.

## Biography

Spence was born in 1847 in Tionesta, Pennsylvania, and joined the Army in 1868. He was stationed at Fort Bowie in the Arizona Territory with Company G of the 8th Cavalry Regiment. On October 20, 1869, Spence earned a Medal of Honor for gallantry after a battle against a band of Apaches led by Cochise.

Spence was discharged from the army as a sergeant at Fort Selden, New Mexico in 1873. He married in 1874 and briefly resided in Grant County, New Mexico. He went on to work as a cook at the overland mail stage station at Sulphur Springs in the Arizona Territory.

On April 7, 1876, the station was raided by a band of Apaches led by Pionsenay after an argument over whiskey sales. Pionsenay shot and killed Spence and Nicholas Rogers, the station operator. The two were initially buried at the station, however, the bodies were later exhumed for interment at Fort Bowie.

## Medal of Honor citation

Rank and organization: Private, Company G, 8th Cavalry Regiment. Place and date: At Chiricahua Mountains, Ariz., October 20, 1869. Entered service at: Tionesta, Pa. Birth: Forest County, Pa. Date of issue: February 14, 1870.

**Citation:**

> Gallantry in action.

## InfoBox

| Orizoba O. Spence | |
| --- | --- |
| Headboard of O. O. Spence | |
| Born | 1847
Tionesta, Pennsylvania |
| Died | April 7, 1876(1876-04-07) (aged 28–29)
Sulphur Springs, Arizona Territory |
| Place of burial | Fort Bowie Post Cemetery |
| Allegiance | United States of America |
| Service/branch | United States Army |
| Rank | Sergeant |
| Unit | Company G, 8th Cavalry Regiment |
| Battles/wars | Indian Wars |
| Awards | Medal of Honor |


title: Gordon McQueen

abstract: Gordon McQueen was a Scottish professional footballer who played as a centre-back for St Mirren, Leeds United and Manchester United, in addition to the Scotland national team. McQueen started his footballing career at St Mirren in 1970, but in 1972 was bought by Leeds for £30,000 to replace Jack Charlton. He was a central figure during the 1973–74 campaign, during which the Leeds team were undefeated for the first 29 matches and won the title. McQueen scored three times during the club's European Cup campaign the following season, but was suspended for the final, which Leeds lost. After a controversial move to Leeds' arch-rivals Manchester United, he won the 1983 FA Cup Final. McQueen joined Seiko in Hong Kong for one season in 1985, before retiring and moving into coaching; in that capacity, he managed Airdrieonians and St Mirren for periods in the 1980s. McQueen played thirty times for Scotland, scoring five goals and winning the 1976–77 British Home Championship.

text:
# Gordon McQueen

**Gordon McQueen** (26 June 1952 – 15 June 2023) was a Scottish professional footballer who played as a centre-back for St Mirren, Leeds United and Manchester United, in addition to the Scotland national team.

McQueen started his footballing career at St Mirren in 1970, but in 1972 was bought by Leeds for £30,000 to replace Jack Charlton. He was a central figure during the 1973–74 campaign, during which the Leeds team were undefeated for the first 29 matches and won the title. McQueen scored three times during the club's European Cup campaign the following season, but was suspended for the final, which Leeds lost. After a controversial move to Leeds' arch-rivals Manchester United, he won the 1983 FA Cup Final. McQueen joined Seiko in Hong Kong for one season in 1985, before retiring and moving into coaching; in that capacity, he managed Airdrieonians and St Mirren for periods in the 1980s.

McQueen played thirty times for Scotland, scoring five goals and winning the 1976–77 British Home Championship.

## Club career

McQueen was a goalkeeper (the position in which his father Tom had played professionally) as a schoolboy but later switched to centre-back. He was signed at the age of 18 by St Mirren from Ayrshire Junior team Largs Thistle. He soon had scouts from other clubs monitoring his progress and it was Leeds United who finally offered £30,000 (£500,000 today) in the 1972 close season, seeing him as a long-term replacement for the ageing Jack Charlton. Charlton played for some of the 1972–73 season but had decided to retire as the season was drawing to a close. McQueen played on six occasions in his first season at Leeds, including a substitute appearance in the 1973 European Cup Winners' Cup final, which Leeds lost to A.C. Milan.

With Charlton retired and Madeley playing in many positions, McQueen was in the team for most of the 1973–74 season. Leeds won the League Championship, with a run of 29 matches without a defeat from the start of the season with McQueen playing alongside Norman Hunter as Leeds' first-choice centre back pairing. Known for his heading, his 6 feet 3 inches (191 cm) stature and his stubborn attitude, McQueen played a significant role in the team's success. McQueen and Hunter excelled at the back the following season, notably in Leeds' campaign in the European Cup, during which McQueen scored three goals. He was suspended for the 1975 European Cup Final after being sent off in the semi-final versus Barcelona. Leeds went on to lose 2–0 in the final versus Bayern Munich.

In February 1978, McQueen moved from Leeds to their arch-rivals Manchester United for £500,0003,600,000 today). On signing, he said that "99% of players want to play for Manchester United and the rest are liars." He had declared only weeks earlier in *Shoot* magazine that he wanted to stay at Elland Road for his entire career. He played in the 1979 FA Cup Final against Arsenal, scoring United's first of two goals in the 86th minute, but again finished on the losing side.

McQueen finally gained an FA Cup winner's medal in the 1983 FA Cup final, which United won after a replay versus Brighton & Hove Albion. Earlier that season he was also in the team defeated by Liverpool in the League Cup final, in which he was used as a centre-forward because he was injured and United had already made their only permitted substitution. He left Old Trafford in the 1985 close season, having suffered from persistent knee injuries. After one season with Seiko in the Hong Kong First Division, he retired from playing.

## International career

At the end of the 1973–74 season McQueen was called up to the Scotland squad and made his international debut versus Belgium. He was selected for the 1974 World Cup squad, but did not play. He soon became a regular for Scotland, and he captained the team and also scored his first international goal in a 1–1 draw against Romania on 1 June 1975. He achieved great success with Scotland in 1977, as he scored goals against Northern Ireland at Hampden then England at Wembley as the Scots won the British Home Championship and later that year he helped the team qualify for the 1978 World Cup by beating Wales at Anfield. Although he was selected for the 1978 World Cup squad, he could not play due to injury. McQueen played his last match for Scotland in 1981, having gained thirty caps and scored five goals.

## Post-playing career

McQueen coached abroad before managing Airdrieonians from 1987 to 1989, before coaching at his first club St Mirren. When McQueen's friend and former team-mate Bryan Robson was appointed the manager of Middlesbrough, McQueen joined him as reserve-team coach. He held this position for five years, and was then a first-team coach for two years. McQueen left the Teesside club in June 2001, following the departure of Robson and the appointment of Steve McClaren. McQueen then joined Sky Sports as a pundit, working on their *Soccer Saturday* results show.

On 29 April 2008, McQueen returned to Middlesbrough as assistant scout, alongside David Mills.

## Personal life

After coaching Middlesbrough, McQueen and his wife lived in the village of Hutton Rudby, North Yorkshire. The couple had a son and two daughters, including Hayley, who is a sports journalist. Politically, McQueen was a Labour supporter.

In October 2011, McQueen was diagnosed with laryngeal cancer and started treatment at the James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough. In January 2021, he was diagnosed with vascular dementia. This highlighted the issue of injuries caused to footballers by persistent heading of a ball. He died from complications of dementia at home on 15 June 2023, at the age of 70.

## Career statistics

Appearances and goals by national team and year
| National team | Year | Apps | Goals |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Scotland | 1974 | 2 | 0 |
| | 1975 | 7 | 1 |
| | 1976 | 2 | 0 |
| | 1977 | 6 | 2 |
| | 1978 | 6 | 1 |
| | 1979 | 6 | 1 |
| | 1980 |  | |
| | 1981 | 1 | 0 |
| Total | | 30 | 5 |

*Scores and results list Scotland's goal tally first, score column indicates score after each goal.*

List of international goals scored
| No. | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1 June 1975 | Stadionul 23 August, Bucharest | Romania | 1–1 | 1–1 | UEFA Euro 1976 qualifying |
| 2 | 1 June 1977 | Hampden Park, Glasgow | Northern Ireland | 3–0 | 3–0 | 1976–77 British Home Championship |
| 3 | 4 June 1977 | Wembley Stadium, London | England | 1–0 | 2–1 | 1976–77 British Home Championship |
| 4 | 20 September 1978 | Praterstadion, Vienna | Austria | 1–3 | 2–3 | UEFA Euro 1980 qualifying |
| 5 | 7 June 1979 | Ullevaal Stadion, Oslo | Norway | 4–0 | 4–0 | UEFA Euro 1980 qualifying |

## Honours

**Leeds United**

**Manchester United**

**Individual**

## InfoBox

Gordon McQueen
| McQueen playing for Manchester United in 1983 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Date of birth | (1952-06-26)26 June 1952 | | |
| Place of birth | Kilbirnie, Scotland | | |
| Date of death | 15 June 2023(2023-06-15) (aged 70) | | |
| Place of death | Hutton Rudby, England | | |
| Height | 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1970–1972 | St Mirren | 57 | (5) |
| 1972–1978 | Leeds United | 141 | (15) |
| 1978–1985 | Manchester United | 184 | (20) |
| 1985–1986 | Seiko |  |  |
| Total |  | **381** | **(40)** |
| International career | | | |
| 1974–1981 | Scotland | 30 | (5) |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 1987–1989 | Airdrieonians | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Glen Neath

abstract: Glen Neath is a British novelist, theatre-maker and artist. His first book, The Outgoing Man, which launched Portobello Books in 2005, was shortlisted for the Author's Club First Novel Award. His second novel, The Fat Plan, was published in July 2008. Ring, his collaboration with David Rosenberg, toured the UK in 2012 and visits the BAC in London in March 2013. Hannah Ringham's Free Show by Glen Neath premiered at the BAC in London, featured as part of the British Council Edinburgh Festival Showcase in 2011 and transferred to the Soho Theatre in London. Hide, a collaboration with Lizzie Clachan, was featured in the programme that re-opened the Royal Festival Hall in London after its refurbishment in 2007. Romcom, a collaboration with Ant Hampton's company Rotozaza, has been produced in ten countries. Their second collaboration, "The Bench", premiered in Norwich in May 2010 and has since toured to Belgium, the Netherlands and Spain. It was revamped as "Hello for Dummies" in 2011 and following its premiere in Lincoln visited Auckland in New Zealand. His adaptation of Max Frisch's novel Gantenbein premiered in Berlin in 2005 and transferred to Zurich. His radio plays, Listen Up (2009), Six Impossible Things (2010), Occupied and "The Long Count" (2012), produced by Boz Temple Morris for Holy Mountain, were broadcast on BBC Radio 4. He was selected as one of 10 writers commissioned to produce a short piece in response to the Austrian fortress at Fortezza for Manifesta7, the European Biennial of Contemporary Art which took place across four locations in Trentino-South Tyrol, Italy in 2008. His sound installation, Body considering it's pains, was presented at the home of the experimental London-based theatre company Shunt and subsequently at the ICA and as part of the First Fortnight Festival in Dublin. Other plays include Closer to Ormsby, The highs and lows of owning your own home, The Superheroes, "Cuckoo" and "Untitled" and "End of the Round" which featured in the London New Playwrights Festival.

text:
# Glen Neath

**Glen Neath** is a British novelist, theatre-maker and artist. His first book, *The Outgoing Man*, which launched Portobello Books in 2005, was shortlisted for the Author's Club First Novel Award. His second novel, *The Fat Plan*, was published in July 2008. *Ring*, his collaboration with David Rosenberg, toured the UK in 2012 and visits the BAC in London in March 2013. *Hannah Ringham's Free Show (bring money) by Glen Neath* premiered at the BAC in London, featured as part of the British Council Edinburgh Festival Showcase in 2011 and transferred to the Soho Theatre in London.

*Hide*, a collaboration with Lizzie Clachan, was featured in the programme that re-opened the Royal Festival Hall in London after its refurbishment in 2007. *Romcom*, a collaboration with Ant Hampton's company Rotozaza, has been produced (between 2003 and 2011) in ten countries. Their second collaboration, "The Bench", premiered in Norwich in May 2010 and has since toured to Belgium, the Netherlands and Spain. It was revamped as "Hello for Dummies" in 2011 and following its premiere in Lincoln visited Auckland in New Zealand.

His adaptation of Max Frisch's novel *Gantenbein* premiered in Berlin in 2005 and transferred to Zurich.

His radio plays, *Listen Up* (2009), *Six Impossible Things* (2010), *Occupied* (with John Jordan, 2012) and "The Long Count" (2012), produced by Boz Temple Morris for Holy Mountain, were broadcast on BBC Radio 4. He was selected as one of 10 writers commissioned to produce a short piece in response to the Austrian fortress at Fortezza for Manifesta7, the European Biennial of Contemporary Art which took place across four locations in Trentino-South Tyrol, Italy in 2008. His sound installation, *Body considering it's pains,* was presented at the home of the experimental London-based theatre company Shunt and subsequently at the ICA and as part of the First Fortnight Festival in Dublin.

Other plays include *Closer to Ormsby*, *The highs and lows of owning your own home*, *The Superheroes*, "Cuckoo" and "Untitled" (both of which received rehearsed readings at the Royal Court Theatre) and "End of the Round" which featured in the London New Playwrights Festival.


abstract:
9th Reconnaissance Squadron may refer to:
  - The 9th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron, part of the lineage of the modern United States Air Force's 9th Combat Operations Squadron
  - The 495th Tactical Fighter Squadron, designated 9th Reconnaissance Squadron (Light) from January 1941 to August 1941
  - The 488th Fighter Squadron, designated 9th Reconnaissance Squadron (Fighter) from April 1943 to August 1943
  - The 9th Combat Operations Squadron, formerly the 9th Space Operations Squadron, previously designated 9th Reconnaissance Squadron, Very Long Range (Photographic) from June 1946 to October 1947
  - The 99th Air Refueling Squadron, constituted as the 9th Reconnaissance Squadron (Heavy), but redesignated before activation

text:
# 9th Reconnaissance Squadron (disambiguation)

**9th Reconnaissance Squadron** may refer to:

* The **9th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron**, part of the lineage of the modern United States Air Force's 9th Combat Operations Squadron
* The 495th Tactical Fighter Squadron, designated **9th Reconnaissance Squadron** (Light) from January 1941 to August 1941
* The **488th Fighter Squadron**, designated **9th Reconnaissance Squadron** (Fighter) from April 1943 to August 1943
* The 9th Combat Operations Squadron, formerly the 9th Space Operations Squadron, previously designated **9th Reconnaissance Squadron**, Very Long Range (Photographic) from June 1946 to October 1947
* The 99th Air Refueling Squadron, constituted as the **9th Reconnaissance Squadron** (Heavy), but redesignated before activation

* **9th Weather Reconnaissance Squadron** (Provisional), a provisional organization providing weather information for Ninth Air Force units from June 1944 to June 1945, flying from bases in France


title: Phu Chong–Na Yoi National Park

abstract: Phu Chong–Na Yoi National Park is a protected area at the eastern end of the Dângrêk Mountains, northeastern Thailand. It is in Buntharik, Na Chaluai, and Nam Yuen districts of Ubon Ratchathani Province. Established in 1987, it is an IUCN Category II protected area, measuring 428,750 rai ~ 686 square kilometres (265 sq mi). In a mountainous area, the park borders Laos and Cambodia. Natural features include the cliffs at Pha Phueng, and the 40 metres (130 ft) Bak Teo Yai Waterfall. In 2004, a specimen of a new frog species, Fejervarya triora, was discovered in the park.

text:
# Phu Chong–Na Yoi National Park

**Phu Chong–Na Yoi National Park** is a protected area at the eastern end of the Dângrêk Mountains, northeastern Thailand. It is in Buntharik, Na Chaluai, and Nam Yuen districts of Ubon Ratchathani Province. Established in 1987, it is an IUCN Category II protected area, measuring 428,750 rai ~ 686 square kilometres (265 sq mi). In a mountainous area, the park borders Laos and Cambodia. Natural features include the cliffs at Pha Phueng, and the 40 metres (130 ft) Bak Teo Yai Waterfall. In 2004, a specimen of a new frog species, *Fejervarya triora*, was discovered in the park.

## Sights

* **Namtok Huai Luang or Namtok Bak Teo** (น้ำตกห้วยหลวง หรือ น้ำตกบักเตว) - Plunging down three steps from an elevation of 30 metres, the waterfall has a small pool with a white beach and turquoise coloured water.
* **Phlan Yao Rock Garden** (สวนหินพลานยาว) - Rocks in different formations are scattered around the area.
* **Pha Phueng Viewpoint** (จุดชมทิวทัศน์ผาผึ้ง) - The viewpoint is next to the rock garden.
* **Namtok Koeng Mae Phong** (น้ำตกเกิ้งแม่พอง) - The waterfall is 9 km (5.6 mi) south of Namtok Huai Luang along the nature trail. It originates from the Lam Dom Noi Stream.
* **Kaeng Sila Thip** (แก่งศิลาทิพย์) - Huai Luang Stream runs over a rock terrace and turns fierce in the rapids. In the middle of the stream, its power has created many holes on the rock surface in different sizes and depths called "kumphalak".
* **Phlan Kong Kwian** (พลาญกงเกวียน) - The vast rock terrace with rock shelters at the front is home to wild flowers and plants. In previous days, travellers could seek shelter here. It came to be called "phlan kong kwian", which means "cart terrace".
* **Phu Hin Dang** (ภูหินด่าง) - a cliff-top place to view the forest scenery of Laos and Cambodia. The cliff is brightly coloured. Geologists explain that this is due to dry weather millions of years ago catalyzing mineral residues in the seawater.

## InfoBox

| Phu Chong-Na Yoi National Park | |
| --- | --- |
| อุทยานแห่งชาติภูจองนายอย | |
| IUCN category II (national park) | |
| Huai Luang Waterfall | |
| Location within Thailand | |
| Location | Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand |
| Nearest city | Ubon Ratchathani |
| Coordinates | 14°32′0″N 105°23′9″E / 14.53333°N 105.38583°E / 14.53333; 105.38583 |
| Area | 686 km2 (265 sq mi) |
| Established | 1987 |
| Visitors | 86,252 (in 2019) |
| Governing body | National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department |


title: Rapide 93 Berlin

abstract: Rapide Berlin was an early German association football club from the city of Berlin. One of the founding members of the DFB at Leipzig in 1900, the club is part of the tradition of current-day side SV Nord Wedding.

text:
# Rapide 93 Berlin

**Rapide Berlin** was an early German association football club from the city of Berlin. One of the founding members of the DFB (Deutscher Fussball Bund, en:German Football Association) at Leipzig in 1900, the club is part of the tradition of current-day side *SV Nord Wedding*.

## History

*Rapide* was established on 1 October 1893 as *Berliner Fußball- und Cricket-Club Rapide 1893* and made a handful of appearances in the top-flight Oberliga Berlin in the early 1900s. In 1920, they were joined by *FC Falke 1913 Berlin* before going through a series of name changes. They briefly adopted the name *Berliner FC Rapide 93 Niederschönhausen* on 23 August 1923, for the northern city neighbourhood where the team was based, before becoming *Deutscher FC Rapide 93 Berlin* later in the year. They began playing as *BFC Rapide Niederschönhausen* again in 1927. They remained a lower tier local side through to the end of World War II.

Following the war occupying Allied authorities banned most organizations across the country as part of the process of de-Nazification and the club was briefly lost in 1945. The former membership was re-organized into two clubs *Berliner FC Rapide* and *Sportgemeinschaft Rapide 93 Niederschönhausen* – reflecting the Cold War division of the city into West and East Berlin. On 25 May 1950, *FC* joined *SC Wedding Berlin* to form *Berliner FC Wedding*. *SG* became *BSG Empor Pankow* in March 1953 and was part of the separate football competition the emerged in East Germany until folding on 4 July 1967. *Wedding* merged with *SV Nord-Nordstern Berlin* on 1 July 2001 to create present-day club *SV Nord-Wedding 1893*.

## Stadium

From its founding through to the end of World War II, *Rapide* played in several different stadiums; Exerzierweide Schönhauser Straße (1893–1900), Schebera-Platz Gesundbrunnen (1900–04), and either of Schlosspark Pankow and Bismarkstaße Niederschönhausen (1904–45).

## InfoBox

Rapide 93 Berlin
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Berliner Fußball- und Cricket-Club Rapide 1893 |
| Founded | 1893 |
| Dissolved | 1950 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


abstract: Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested at the 2024 general election, and is currently represented by Graham Leadbitter.

text:
# Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey (UK Parliament constituency)

**Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey** is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament. Further to the completion of the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, it was first contested at the 2024 general election, and is currently represented by Graham Leadbitter.

## Contents

Map of boundaries from 2024

The constituency comprises all or part of the following wards of the Highland council area and Moray:

(The former Moray constituency coincided with the Moray council area, so the above Moray constituency list also shows which of these wards are wards of Moray council area.)

## Members of Parliament

| Election | | Member | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 2024 | Graham Leadbitter | SNP |

## Election results

### Elections in the 2020s

General election 2024: Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **SNP** | **Graham Leadbitter** | **14,961** | **32.1** | **−14.0** |
|  | Conservative | Kathleen Robertson | 13,960 | 30.0 | −10.9 |
|  | Labour | James Hynam | 8,259 | 17.7 | +13.1 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Neil Alexander | 3,785 | 8.1 | +2.2 |
|  | Reform UK | Steve Skerret | 3,490 | 7.5 | +6.9 |
|  | Scottish Green | Draeyk Van Der Horn | 1,676 | 3.6 | +2.4 |
|  | Scottish Family | Euan Morrice | 423 | 0.9 | *N/A* |
| Majority | | | 1,001 | 2.1 |  |
| Turnout | | | 46,554 | 60.4 |  |
|  | SNP **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey | |
| --- | --- |
| County constituency<br>for the House of Commons | |
| Boundary of Moray West, Nairn and Strathspey in Scotland | |
| Subdivisions of Scotland | Highland and Moray |
| Major settlements | Elgin, Nairn |
| Current constituency | |
| Created | 2024 |
| Member of Parliament | Graham Leadbitter (SNP) |
| Seats | One |
| Created from | Moray & Inverness, Nairn, Badenoch and Strathspey |


title: Random.org

abstract:
Random.org is a website that produces random numbers based on atmospheric noise.
In addition to generating random numbers in a specified range and subject to a specified probability distribution, which is the most commonly done activity on the site, it has free tools to simulate events such as flipping coins, shuffling cards, and rolling dice. It also offers paid services to generate longer sequences of random numbers and act as a third-party arbiter for raffles, sweepstakes, and promotions. Random.org is distinguished from pseudo-random number generators, which use mathematical formulae to produce random-appearing numbers. The website was created in 1998 by Mads Haahr,
a doctor and computer science professor at Trinity College in Dublin, Ireland. Random numbers are generated based on atmospheric noise captured by several radios tuned between stations.

text:
# Random.org

**Random.org** (stylized as **RANDOM.ORG**) is a website that produces random numbers based on atmospheric noise. In addition to generating random numbers in a specified range and subject to a specified probability distribution, which is the most commonly done activity on the site, it has free tools to simulate events such as flipping coins, shuffling cards, and rolling dice. It also offers paid services to generate longer sequences of random numbers and act as a third-party arbiter for raffles, sweepstakes, and promotions. Random.org is distinguished from pseudo-random number generators, which use mathematical formulae to produce random-appearing numbers.

The website was created in 1998 by Mads Haahr, a doctor and computer science professor at Trinity College in Dublin, Ireland. Random numbers are generated based on atmospheric noise captured by several radios tuned between stations.

## Bits

A binary digit (bit) can be either 0 or 1. There are several Random.org radios located in Copenhagen, Dublin, and Ballsbridge, each generating 12,000 bits per second from the atmospheric noise picked up. The generators produce a continuous string of random bits which are converted into the form requested (integer, Gaussian distribution, etc.)

## Quota

There are limits to the number of bits supplied to a particular IP address. A new user (identified by IP address) starts with a free-of-charge quota of 1,000,000 bits which is depleted every time bits are supplied, and topped up by 200,000 bits (or to 1,000,000 bits if the user has more than 800,000 bits remaining) every day at midnight UTC. Larger numbers of bits can be purchased.

## InfoBox

Random.org
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Random.org as of October, 2009 | |
| Type of site | Web service |
| Available in | English |
| Owner | Mads Haahr |
| Created by | Mads Haahr |
| URL | www.random.org |
| Registration | optional |
| Launched | 1998 |
| Current status | online |


title: Merimeri Penfold

abstract: Merimeri Penfold was a New Zealand Māori educator. She is thought to have been the first Māori woman to teach Māori language at a New Zealand university.

text:
# Merimeri Penfold

**Merimeri Penfold** CNZM (née **Roberts**, 26 May 1920 – 1 April 2014) was a New Zealand Māori educator. She is thought to have been the first Māori woman to teach Māori language at a New Zealand university.

## Biography

Penfold was born at Te Hāpua to Te Mutunga Rapata Hoterene and Maro Heteraka in 1920. She was a member of the Ngāti Kurī iwi. She was educated at Queen Victoria School in Auckland and Auckland Girls' Grammar School. After qualifying as a teacher, she taught at schools around the North Island before returning to university to complete a Bachelor of Arts degree.

For over 30 years Penfold lectured in Māori language at the University of Auckland and is believed to have been the first Māori woman to do so at a university in New Zealand. Her translations of nine of Shakespeare's sonnets into Māori were published in the book *Nga Waiata Aroha a Hekepia* in 2000. She was also a member of the editorial team for the seventh edition of Williams' *Dictionary of the Maori Language*, published in 1971.

Penfold served on the Māori Education Foundation and the University of Auckland's marae establishment committee. She was an executive member of the Broadcasting Commission between 1989 and 1991 and served as a Human Rights Commissioner from 2002 to 2007.

In 1999 Penfold was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Literature by the University of Auckland. In the 2001 Queen's Birthday Honours, she was appointed a Companion of the New Zealand Order of Merit, for services to Māori. She was awarded Te Tohu Aroha mō Ngoi Kumeroa Pewhairangi for her contribution to te reo Māori (the Māori language) in the 2008 Ngā Taonga Toi a Te Waka Toi – Te Waka Toi awards from Creative New Zealand.

## InfoBox

| Merimeri PenfoldCNZM | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1920-05-26)26 May 1920
Te Hapua, New Zealand |
| Died | 1 April 2014(2014-04-01) (aged 93)
Kaitaia, New Zealand |


title: No Questions Asked (song)

abstract: "No Questions Asked" is a rock song performed by British-American music group Fleetwood Mac, and written by Stevie Nicks. Nicks wrote the song in a hotel room without a tape recorder, but her friend Kelly Johnston provided one for her. Nicks claims the song would never have been written if Johnston had not been there. "Paper Doll", another song penned by Nicks, was originally slated to appear on the Greatest Hits compilation, but the band pulled it in favor of "No Questions Asked".

text:
# No Questions Asked (song)

"**No Questions Asked**" is a rock song performed by British-American music group Fleetwood Mac, and written by Stevie Nicks. Nicks wrote the song in a hotel room without a tape recorder, but her friend Kelly Johnston provided one for her. Nicks claims the song would never have been written if Johnston had not been there.

"Paper Doll", another song penned by Nicks, was originally slated to appear on the *Greatest Hits* compilation, but the band pulled it in favor of "No Questions Asked".

## Personnel

Fleetwood Mac

**Additional Personnel**

* Dan Garfield – keyboard programming

## Charts

| Chart (1988) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Mainstream Rock (*Billboard*) | 37 |

*The Great Rock Discography*. Martin C.Strong. Page 378. ISBN 1-84195-312-1

## InfoBox

| "No Questions Asked" | |
| --- | --- |
| Promotional single by Fleetwood Mac | |
| from the album  *Greatest Hits* | |
| Released | December 1988 |
| Recorded | 1988 |
| Genre | Rock |
| Length | 4:40 |
| Label | Warner Bros. |
| Songwriter(s) | Stevie Nicks, Kelly Johnston |
| Producer(s) | Fleetwood Mac, Greg Ladanyi |
| Fleetwood Mac singles chronology | |
| "As Long as You Follow"
(1988) "**No Questions Asked**"
(1988) "Save Me"
(1990) | |


# Opinion polling for the next Maltese general election

In the run up to the next Maltese general election, expected by 2027, various organizations have carried out opinion polling to gauge voting intention in Malta. Results of such polls are displayed in this article.

In the most recent general election, in 2022, the Labour Party won their third consecutive election, and have been in power since 2013.

## Party polling

Poll results are listed in the table below in reverse chronological order. The highest percentage figure in each poll is displayed in bold, and its background is shaded in the leading party's colour. The "lead" column shows the percentage point difference between the two parties with the highest figures. When a poll result is a tie, the figures with the highest percentages are both shaded and displayed in bold.

It is not uncommon for the third largest party, AD+PD and other smaller parties to be grouped together in polls, or totally excluded.

### Expressing a Preference

The values in the table below are derived by removing non-party responses (i.e. non-voters, "don't know", and "no reply"); as the margin is also recalculated, there may be slight differences in exact lead margins due to rounding.

| Dates Conducted | Polling firm | Sample
size | PL | PN | AD+PD | Others | Lead | Not
voting | Don't
know | No
reply |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | |  |  |  | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | | | | |
| 11–19 Sep 2024 | MaltaToday | 712 | 43.8 | **48.2** | 4.5 | 3.5 | 4.4 | 24.3 |  |  |
|
| 8 June 2024 | 2024 EP Election |  | **45.3** | 42.0 | 1.2 | 11.2 | 3.3 | 27 |  |  |
| 28-29 May | Senior Government Ministers, former Ministers, and civil servants are charged in court following the conclusion of the Magisterial Inquiry into the Vitals Scandal. | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 28 Nov–6 Dec 2023 | MaltaToday | 650 | **47.3** | 43.1 | 9.6 | | 4.2 | 30.2 |  |  |
| 1–9 Nov 2023 | MaltaToday | 637 | **49.0** | 45.4 | 5.6 | | 3.6 | 31.0 | | |
| 14–26 Oct 2023 | Esprimi/Times of Malta | 600 | **50.0** | 44.8 | 5.2 | | 5.0 | 27.8 | | |
| 25 Sep–4 Oct 2023 | MaltaToday | 657 | 43.8 | **45.8** | 10.4 | | 2.0 | 31 | | |
| 9–16 Mar 2023 | Esprimi/Times of Malta | 600 | **51.6** | 42.9 | 5.5 | | 8.7 | 27.4 | | |
| 29 Feb | Court annuls contentious 2015 transfer - approved by former PL Prime Minister Joseph Muscat \- of three hospitals to international control. | | | | | | | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | | | | |
| 26 March 2022 | 2022 general election |  | **45.8** | 34.7 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 11.1 | 14.4 |  |  |

### Complete Data

| Dates Conducted | Polling firm | Sample
size | PL | PN | AD+PD | Others | Lead | Not
voting | Don't
know | No
reply |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | |  |  |  | | | | | |
| 1–8 Sep 2023 | Independent | 1600 | 34.9 | **35.3** | 4.9 | 4.6 | 0.4 | 15.9 | 4.4 |  |
| 10–20 Jul 2023 | MaltaToday | 749 | 29.6 | **30.2** | 1.2 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 22.6 | 13.9 | |
| 10–19 May 2023 | MaltaToday | 574 | **33.1** | 28.7 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 4.4 | 20.8 | 14.7 | |
| 3–10 Mar 2023 | MaltaToday | 574 | **30.8** | 28.4 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 24.8 | 10.0 | |
| 29 Feb | Court annuls contentious 2015 transfer - approved by former PL Prime Minister Joseph Muscat \- of three hospitals to international control. | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 24 Jan–1 Feb 2023 | MaltaToday | 646 | **38.7** | 22.8 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 15.9 | 23.9 | 10.5 |  |
| 22 Nov–1 Dec 2022 | MaltaToday | 650 | **36.4** | 24.2 | 2.3 | 0.8 | 12.2 | 22.2 | 13.2 | |
| 13–30 Sep 2022 | MaltaToday | 647 | **39.4** | 19.9 | 3.2 | 0.9 | 19.5 | 22.5 | 14.9 | |
| 6–14 Jul 2022 | MaltaToday | 656 | **42.0** | 25.8 | 2.0 | 0.9 | 16.2 | 14.5 | 14.1 | |
| 16–25 May 2022 | MaltaToday | 656 | **43.9** | 28.8 | 2.8 | 0.6 | 15.1 | 11.2 | 11.4 | |
|  | | | | | | | | | | |
| 26 March 2022 | 2022 general election |  | **45.8** | 34.7 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 11.1 | 14.4 |  |  |

## Leader trust

| Fieldwork date | Polling firm | Sample
size | Robert Abela | Bernard Grech | Sandra Gauci | Neither | Lead | Don't
know |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | |  |  |  |  | | |
| 7–21 Mar 2024 | MaltaToday | 657 | **45.9** | 21.7 |  | 34.2 | 11.7 |  |
| 26 Jan–5 Feb 2024 | MaltaToday | 647 | 41.1 | 16.7 | | 42.2 | 1.1 | |
| 28 Nov–6 Dec 2023 | MaltaToday | 650 | 37.5 | 21.1 | | 41.3 | 3.8 | |
| 1–9 Nov 2023 | MaltaToday | 637 | 38.0 | 23.6 | | 38.04 | 0.4 | |
| 14–26 Oct 2023 | Esprimi/Times of Malta | 600 | 45.7 | 36.9 | |  | 8.8 | |
| 25 Sep–4 Oct 2023 | MaltaToday | 657 | 39.2 | 20 | | 40.9 | 1.7 | |
| 1–8 Sep 2023 | Independent | 1600 | **36** | 27.1 | 7.8 | 29.1 | 6.9 | |
| 10–20 Jul 2023 | MaltaToday | 749 | **36** | 26.8 |  | 33.3 | 5.9 | 0.7 |

1. Agius, Matthew. "Blow-by-blow: Joseph Muscat's first day in court". *MaltaToday*. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
2. Galea, Albert; Camilleri, Kyle Patrick; Caruana, Andrea. "How the second hospitals case ran an 11-hour marathon, before grinding to a halt". *Malta Independent*. Retrieved 10 June 2024.
3. "Court strikes down Malta government hospital management deal". *Reuters*. 24 February 2023. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
4. Agius, Matthew. "Judge annuls hospitals deal, slams Vitals, Steward and government in damning ruling". *MaltaToday*. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
5. "Court strikes down Malta government hospital management deal". *Reuters*. 24 February 2023. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
6. Agius, Matthew. "Judge annuls hospitals deal, slams Vitals, Steward and government in damning ruling". *MaltaToday*. Retrieved 25 March 2024.


title: Goretti Chadwick

abstract: Goretti Chadwick is a Samoan-New Zealand stage and television actress, writer, director and tutor. Chadwick completed a Diploma in Stage and Screen Acting at Unitec Institute of Technology in Auckland, New Zealand. She has worked in theatre and television as an actor, writer and director. Her work in theatre includes Hymn, The Rocky Horror Picture Show, Island Girls and Jingle Bells. Her film credits include The Legend of Johnny Lingo, The Overstayer and Sione's Wedding. In 2010 she partnered with Anapela Polataivao to create the comedic duo Pani and Pani, and the pair went on to create and host the television show Game of Bros. Chadwick is a tutor in acting and directing at Pacific Institute of Performing Arts (PIPA) in Auckland, New Zealand.

text:
# Goretti Chadwick

**Goretti Chadwick** is a Samoan-New Zealand stage and television actress, writer, director and tutor.

Chadwick completed a Diploma in Stage and Screen Acting at Unitec Institute of Technology in Auckland, New Zealand. She has worked in theatre and television as an actor, writer and director. Her work in theatre includes *Hymn*, *The Rocky Horror Picture Show*, *Island Girls* and *Jingle Bells*. Her film credits include *The Legend of Johnny Lingo*, *The Overstayer* and *Sione's Wedding*. In 2010 she partnered with Anapela Polataivao to create the comedic duo Pani and Pani, and the pair went on to create and host the television show *Game of Bros*.

Chadwick is a tutor in acting and directing at Pacific Institute of Performing Arts (PIPA) in Auckland, New Zealand.

## Stage appearances

## Directing credits

* *Sinarella*, Auckland, 2012
* *Where We Once Belonged*, co-directed with Anapela Polataivao, Auckland, 2012

## Film appearances

* *The Overstayer,* 1999
* *The Legend of Johnny Lingo*, 2003
* *Sione's Wedding,* 2006
* *Apron Strings,* 2008
* *Vermilion,* 2018

## Television credits

## InfoBox

| Goretti Chadwick | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | New Zealander |
| Occupation(s) | Actress, writer, director |
| Known for | *Pani and Pani* |
| Notable work | *Sione's Wedding* |


title: Glenn Wheeler

abstract: Glenn Wheeler OAM is an Australian media personality and former radio and television presenter.

text:
# Glenn Wheeler

**Glenn Wheeler** OAM (born 21 April 1960) is an Australian media personality and former radio and television presenter.

## Career

After working in sales and marketing for many years, doing master of ceremonies work on the side, Wheeler joined Sydney radio station 2GB in 2002 as the weekend midnight to dawn presenter. He then presented Saturday Nights on 2GB, the Travel Show on 2GB on Sunday mornings, and the 2CH Breakfast Show from Monday to Saturday.

In 2007, Wheeler joined *The Morning Show*, which screens nationwide on the Seven Network, as an infomercial presenter. He remained with the show until his 2015 accident.

## Personal life

Wheeler is married to Michelle and they have three adult children.

On 1 February 2015, Wheeler was involved in a motor scooter accident in the southern Sydney suburb of Woolooware. He had "a severed artery in one leg and other significant injuries to various parts of his body", including "some bleeding on the brain." He was airlifted to St George Hospital and placed in an induced coma. On 2 February Wheeler underwent surgery on his pelvis and leg. His condition afterwards was described as "stable". In August 2015 it was reported that he had been "recovering in a brain rehab unit for several months", which he has since left. As of 2021 he resides in a care home in Sylvania, New South Wales.

In 2021 he was awarded the Order of Australia Medal for his media career and charity work.

## InfoBox

| Glenn Wheeler | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1960-04-21) 21 April 1960<br>Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Occupations | * Journalist * Radio presenter * Television presenter |
| Years active | 2002–2015 |
| Employer(s) | 2GB and Seven Network |