title: Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231

abstract: Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231 was the fatal crash of a Boeing 727 in the eastern United States on December 1, 1974 in Harriman State Park near Stony Point, New York, just north of the New York City area. The Northwest Airlines 727 had been chartered to pick up the Baltimore Colts professional football team in Buffalo in western New York. All three crew members on board died when the aircraft struck the ground following a stall and rapid descent caused by the crew's reaction to erroneous airspeed readings caused by atmospheric icing. The icing occurred due to failure to turn on the pitot tube heating at the start of the flight. This was one of two Boeing 727s to crash in the eastern U.S. that day; the other was TWA Flight 514 in northern Virginia, northwest of Dulles airport.

text:
# Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231

crash siteclass=notpageimage|Location in New York

**Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231** was the fatal crash of a Boeing 727 in the eastern United States on December 1, 1974 in Harriman State Park near Stony Point, New York, just north of the New York City area. The Northwest Airlines 727 had been chartered to pick up the Baltimore Colts professional football team in Buffalo in western New York.

All three crew members on board died when the aircraft struck the ground following a stall and rapid descent caused by the crew's reaction to erroneous airspeed readings caused by atmospheric icing. The icing occurred due to failure to turn on the pitot tube heating at the start of the flight. This was one of two Boeing 727s to crash in the eastern U.S. that day; the other was TWA Flight 514 in northern Virginia, northwest of Dulles airport (250 miles (400 km) to the southwest).

## Aircraft

The Boeing 727-251, registration N274US, was certificated and maintained in accordance with FAA regulations and requirements at the time of the crash.

## Accident

The flight was chartered to pick up the Baltimore Colts in Buffalo after the aircraft originally earmarked to transport the team was grounded by a snowstorm in Detroit. On that Sunday of Thanksgiving weekend, the eastern half of the U.S. experienced severe weather, with high winds, snow, and rain.

The aircraft was loaded with 48,500 pounds (22,000 kg) of Jet A fuel, with a gross weight of 147,000 pounds (67,000 kg) at takeoff.

Flight 6231 departed New York City's John F. Kennedy International Airport at 19:14 EST *(UTC−5)* for a ferry flight to Buffalo. As the craft climbed past 16,000 feet (4,900 m), the overspeed warning horn sounded, followed 10 seconds later by a stick shaker stall warning. The aircraft leveled at 24,800 feet (7,600 m) in a 30° nose-up attitude, until it started to descend out of control in a right-hand spin, reaching a vertical acceleration of +5 due to the aircraft being in a tight nosedown spiral with a bank angle between 70° and 80°.

At 19:24:42, Flight 6231 issued a "Mayday" call to New York air traffic control, and stated "...we're out of control, descending through 20,000 feet (6,100 m)." After giving interim altitude clearance, at 19:25:21, the controller inquired as to what the problem was, and a crewmember responded once more, "We're descending through 12,000 feet (3,700 m), we're in a stall." The crew of Flight 6231 attempted to make one final transmission 19 seconds prior to impact, but it was not received.

At about 3,500 feet (1,100 m), a large portion of the aircraft's horizontal stabilizer separated due to the high G-forces, making recovery impossible. Flight 6231 struck the ground in a slightly nose down and right wing-down attitude twelve minutes after take-off, at 19:25:57; there were no witnesses to the crash.

The aircraft had descended from 24,000 feet (7,300 m) altitude to ground level at 1,090 feet (330 m) above sea level in 83 seconds. The crash occurred about 3.2 nautical miles (5.9 km; 3.7 mi) west of Thiells, New York. Police described the crash site as a heavily wooded marshy area and accessibility was hampered by winter weather conditions including wind and a rain-snow mix. Despite the 727's full load of fuel, there was no explosion or fire when the plane hit the ground, and there was no post-crash fire, although police described the crash site having a "strong smell of jet fuel."

## Crew

The aircraft had three crewmembers on board. Captain John B. Lagorio, age 35, had worked for Northwest for almost nine years. He had just under 7,500 flying hours flying experience, with just under 2,000 hours total time flying the Boeing 727. The first officer, Walter A. Zadra, 32, had been working for Northwest for almost seven years. He had about 4,700 hours flying experience, of which two-thirds was as a second officer (flight engineer). His Boeing 727 experience amounted to about 1,250 hours, but only 46 of that was as a pilot – the other 1,200 hours experience was as a flight engineer. The second officer, James F. Cox, 33, had been with the airline for almost six years and had 1,600 hours experience as a Boeing 727 Flight Engineer.

## Investigation

The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) led the accident investigation and released its final report on August 13, 1975.

Investigators found that the flight crew had not activated the pitot head heaters and the pitot tubes had become blocked with ice which caused the crew to receive incorrect airspeed readings. Believing the readings were true, the crew pulled back on the control column and raised the nose, which caused the aircraft to stall.

From the NTSB report's abstract:

> ...the probable cause of this accident was the loss of control of the aircraft because the flightcrew failed to recognize and correct the aircraft's high angle of attack, low-speed stall and its descending spiral. The stall was precipitated by the flightcrew's improper reaction to erroneous airspeed and Mach indications which had resulted from a blockage of the pitot heads by atmospheric icing.

When investigators analyzed the 727's voice recorder, the recording revealed that the pilots believed that the shaking of the stick shaker mechanism was caused by the airliner reaching the speed of sound, and not a warning that it was going into a stall.

## InfoBox

Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231
| A Northwest Airlines Boeing 727-200, similar to the accident aircraft. | |
| --- | --- |
| Accident | |
| Date | December 1, 1974 |
| Summary | Stalled due to atmospheric icing, pilot error, and instrument failure |
| Site | Haverstraw, New York, U.S.
(near Stony Point)
41°12′53″N 74°5′40″W / 41.21472°N 74.09444°W / 41.21472; -74.09444 |
| Aircraft | |
| Aircraft type | Boeing 727-251 |
| Operator | Northwest Orient Airlines |
| Registration | N274US |
| Flight origin | John F. Kennedy International Airport, New York City |
| Destination | Buffalo International Airport |
| Occupants | 3 |
| Passengers | 0 |
| Crew | 3 |
| Fatalities | 3 |
| Survivors | 0 |


title: Park & Shop

abstract:
Park & Shop or "Park and Shop" or "Park 'n' Shop" may mean:
  - a small neighborhood shopping center with parking for motor vehicles in front, a term used when such centers first appeared in the mid-1920s, or
    - Park & Shop, opened 1930, one such center
  - one of a number of supermarkets named "Park and Shop" such as:
    - Canale's Park & Shop in Memphis, Tennessee, U.S., opened 1924
  - a services for motorists in the downtown districts of numerous cities, whereby they could park their vehicle free of charge or for a low price off-street and shop at any or several of multiple participating nearby merchants

text:
# Park & Shop

**Park & Shop** or "Park and Shop" or "Park 'n' Shop" may mean:

* a small neighborhood shopping center (strip mall) with parking for motor vehicles in front, a term used when such centers first appeared in the mid-1920s, or
* one of a number of supermarkets named "Park and Shop" such as:
* a services for motorists in the downtown districts of numerous cities, whereby they could park their vehicle free of charge or for a low price off-street and shop at any or several of multiple participating nearby merchants


title: Intelsat II F-3

abstract: Intelsat II F-3, also known as Canary Bird was a communications satellite operated by Intelsat. Launched in 1967 it was operated in geostationary orbit, spending most of its operational life at a longitude of 15 degrees west. The third of four Intelsat II satellites to be launched, Intelsat II F-3 was built by Hughes Aircraft around the HS-303A satellite bus. It carried two transponders, which were powered by body-mounted solar cells generating 85 watts of power. The spacecraft had a mass of 162 kilograms (357 lb) at launch, decreasing through expenditure of propellant to 86 kilograms (190 lb) by the beginning of its operational life. Intelsat II F-3 was launched atop a Delta E1 rocket flying from Launch Complex 17B at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The launch took place at 01:30:12 on March 23, 1967, with the spacecraft entering a geosynchronous transfer orbit. It fired an SVM-1 apogee motor to place itself into its operational geostationary orbit. The spacecraft was operated at a longitude of 15° west, over the Atlantic Ocean. It was briefly relocated to 35° west in 1972, but had returned to 15° west by the following year. It acquired the unofficial nickname Canary Bird because of the association of the mission with Maspalomas Station, the ground station which is located in the Canary Islands. As of February 7, 2014 the derelict Intelsat II F-3 was in an orbit with a perigee of 35,716 kilometers (22,193 mi), an apogee of 35,892 kilometers (22,302 mi), inclination of 5.81 degrees and an orbital period of 23.94 hours.

text:
# Intelsat II F-3

**Intelsat II F-3**, also known as **Canary Bird** was a communications satellite operated by Intelsat. Launched in 1967 it was operated in geostationary orbit, spending most of its operational life at a longitude of 15 degrees west.

The third of four Intelsat II satellites to be launched, Intelsat II F-3 was built by Hughes Aircraft around the HS-303A satellite bus. It carried two transponders, which were powered by body-mounted solar cells generating 85 watts of power. The spacecraft had a mass of 162 kilograms (357 lb) at launch, decreasing through expenditure of propellant to 86 kilograms (190 lb) by the beginning of its operational life.

Intelsat II F-3 was launched atop a Delta E1 rocket flying from Launch Complex 17B at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The launch took place at 01:30:12 on March 23, 1967, with the spacecraft entering a geosynchronous transfer orbit. It fired an SVM-1 apogee motor to place itself into its operational geostationary orbit. The spacecraft was operated at a longitude of 15° west, over the Atlantic Ocean. It was briefly relocated to 35° west in 1972, but had returned to 15° west by the following year.

It acquired the unofficial nickname *Canary Bird* because of the association of the mission with Maspalomas Station, the ground station which is located in the Canary Islands.

As of February 7, 2014 the derelict Intelsat II F-3 was in an orbit with a perigee of 35,716 kilometers (22,193 mi), an apogee of 35,892 kilometers (22,302 mi), inclination of 5.81 degrees and an orbital period of 23.94 hours.

## InfoBox

Intelsat II F-3
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Mission type | Communications |
| Operator | Intelsat |
| COSPAR ID | 1967-026A |
| SATCAT no. | 2717 |
| Mission duration | 3 years |
|  | |
|  | |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft type | Intelsat II |
| Bus | HS-303A |
| Manufacturer | Hughes |
| Launch mass | 162 kilograms (357 lb) |
| BOL mass | 86 kilograms (190 lb) |
| Power | 85 watts |
|  | |
|  | |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | March 23, 1967, 01:30:12 (1967-03-23UTC01:30:12Z) UTC |
| Rocket | Delta E1 |
| Launch site | Cape Canaveral LC-17B |
| Contractor | NASA |
|  | |
|  | |
| End of mission | |
| Deactivated | Early 1970s |
|  | |
|  | |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Geosynchronous |
| Longitude | 15° west (1967-71, 1973)<br>35° west (1972) |
| Perigee altitude | 35,716 kilometers (22,193 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 35,892 kilometers (22,302 mi) |
| Inclination | 5.81 degrees |
| Period | 23.94 hours |
| Epoch | February 7, 2014, 14:16:27 UTC |
|  | |
| *Intelsat II* | |


title: Vladimir Krstić (comics)

abstract: Vladimir Krstić, known by the pseudonym Laci, is an internationally published Serbian comic-book and graphic novel creator, painter, and illustrator. He is known best for his comics series "Billy Wanderer", "Veliki Blek / Blek le Rok", "Ninja", "Sherlock Holmes", "Adam Wild" and Ghosted. He was one of the founders of Association of Comics' Artists of Serbia 2010.

text:
# Vladimir Krstić (comics)

**Vladimir Krstić** (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Крстић - Лаци, born February 21, 1959 Niš), known by the pseudonym **Laci**, is an internationally published Serbian comic-book and graphic novel creator, painter, and illustrator.

He is known best for his comics series "Billy Wanderer" (1984-1985, written by Miodrag Krstić), "Veliki Blek / Blek le Rok" (1986, written by Petar Aladžić), "Ninja" (1988, written by M. Krstić), "Sherlock Holmes" (2010-, written by Sylvain Cordurié), "Adam Wild" (2014-2016, written by Gianfranco Manfredi) and *Ghosted* (2015, written by Joshua Williamson).

He was one of the founders of Association of Comics' Artists of Serbia (Udruženje stripskih umetnika Srbije, USUS) 2010.

1. Laci Lambiek Comiclopedia (in English)
2. "Adam Wild: il ritorno della grande avventura!", Sergio Bonelli Editore (in Italian)

## InfoBox

| Vladimir Krstić | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Vladimir Krstić
February 21, 1959
Niš, Yugoslavia |
| Nationality | Serbian |
| Area(s) | Artist; Painter; Comics creator |
| Notable works | *Billy Wanderer*
*Sherlock Holmes*
Adam Wild
Ghosted |


abstract: The George Washington University Art Galleries, the Luther W. Brady Art Gallery and the Dimock Gallery, are two university-owned and operated art galleries that showcase the University's permanent art collections, as well as visiting exhibitions. In addition, The George Washington University has a myriad of galleries showcasing student work throughout its buildings and academic/support facilities. Collections include painting, sculpture, and photographs, ranging from rare historic pieces to Washingtonia and Americana to modern art. The Dimock Gallery was established in 1966 and relocated and renamed for Susan Dimock Catalini in 2001. The Brady Gallery followed in 2002.

text:
# George Washington University Art Galleries

The George Washington University Art Galleries, the **Luther W. Brady Art Gallery** and the **Dimock Gallery**, are two university-owned and operated art galleries that showcase the University's permanent art collections, as well as visiting exhibitions. In addition, The George Washington University has a myriad of galleries showcasing student work throughout its buildings and academic/support facilities. Collections include painting, sculpture, and photographs, ranging from rare historic pieces to Washingtonia and Americana to modern art.

The Dimock Gallery was established in 1966 and relocated and renamed for Susan Dimock Catalini in 2001. The Brady Gallery followed in 2002.

## Notable Collections

* Henry Bacon, The Boston Boys and General Gage, 1775, Oil on canvas
* Gilbert Stuart, George Washington, 1800, Oil on canvas
* Rembrandt Peale, Porthole Portrait of George Washington, c. 1820, Oil on canvas

1. "Luther W. Brady Art Gallery | Corcoran School of the Arts & Design | The George Washington University". George Washington University. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
2. "About | Corcoran School of the Arts & Design | The George Washington University". *corcoran.gwu.edu*.
3. Danilov, Victor J. (2005). *Women and Museums: A Comprehensive Guide*. Rowman Altamira. p. 104. ISBN 978-0-7591-0855-4. Retrieved 4 March 2021.
4. "Director of Luther W. Brady Art Gallery to Retire". *GW Today*. 19 June 2020. Retrieved 4 March 2021.

38°53′58.5″N 77°2′48.0″W / 38.899583°N 77.046667°W / 38.899583; -77.046667

## InfoBox

George Washington University Art Galleries
| Location within Washington, D.C. | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Washington, D.C. |
| Coordinates | 38°54′03″N 77°02′47″W / 38.9007°N 77.0463°W / 38.9007; -77.0463 |
| Type | Art museum |
| Public transit access | Foggy Bottom – GWU |
| Website | http://www.gwu.edu/~bradyart/ |


title: Millikin Big Blue

abstract: The Millikin Big Blue are the intercollegiate athletic programs of Millikin University (MU) located in Decatur, Illinois, United States. The Big Blue athletic program is a member of the College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin (CCIW) and competes at the NCAA Division III level.

text:
# Millikin Big Blue

The **Millikin Big Blue** are the intercollegiate athletic programs of Millikin University (MU) located in Decatur, Illinois, United States. The Big Blue athletic program is a member of the College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin (CCIW) and competes at the NCAA Division III level.

## History

Millikin University was a member of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA). Its athletics programs were established together with the university in 1903, with football, men's basketball and baseball all competing in the university's first full academic year (1903–04). Since its start, Big Blue athletics has achieved considerable success both as a member of the College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin (CCIW) and at the national level as a member of the NCAA Division III. The nickname "Big Blue" is generally attributed to Carl Head, a professor of mechanical engineering who used the name on posters during the 1916 football season. Millikin joined the College Conference of Illinois (CCI) on April 26, 1946 as one of its nine charter members (Augustana, Carthage, Elmhurst, Illinois College, Illinois Wesleyan, Lake Forest, Millikin, North Central and Wheaton). The league was renamed the CCIW in 1967 to recognize Carthage, which had moved its campus from Illinois to Wisconsin as well as Carroll's entrance in 1955. Regarded as "The Best Small College Conference In The Nation", Millikin is one of four charter members with uninterrupted membership. One of the school's most famous alumni is former NFL wide receiver Jeff Query who played for the Green Bay Packers, Cincinnati Bengals and Washington Redskins.

## Sports sponsored

|
|  |
| Men's sports | Women's sports |
| Baseball | Basketball |
| Basketball | Cross Country |
| Cross Country | Golf |
| Football | Soccer |
| Golf | Softball |
| Soccer | Swimming & Diving |
| Swimming & Diving | Tennis |
| Tennis | Track and field |
| Track and field | Triathlon |
| Volleyball | Volleyball |
| Wrestling |  |
| † – Track and field includes both indoor and outdoor | |

A member of the College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin, Millikin University sponsors teams in twelve men's and eleven women's NCAA sanctioned sports.

## National championships

### Team

* 2004–05: Women's Basketball

### Individual

#### Wrestling

* Bradan Birt - 165 wc. (2021-22)

#### Men's Swimming

* Rodney Miller – 200 yd. breast (1985–86, 1986–87, 1987–88)
* Rodney Miller – 100 yd. breast (1986–87, 1987–88)
* Rodney Miller – 200 yd. IM (1987–88)
* Scott Walker – 100 fly (1990–91)

#### Men's Track & Field

* Carl Alexander – Outdoor 100-meter dash (1997–98)
* Kyle Hensley – Indoor Pole Vault (2024)

## Notable former athletes

## InfoBox

| Millikin Big Blue | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| University | Millikin University |
| Conference | College Conference of Illinois and Wisconsin |
| NCAA | Division III |
| Athletic director | Craig White |
| Location | Decatur, Illinois |
| Varsity teams | 23 (12 men's and 11 women's) |
| Football stadium | Frank M. Lindsay Field |
| Basketball arena | Griswold Center |
| Baseball stadium | Workman Family Baseball Field |
| Softball stadium | Workman Family Softball Field |
| Soccer stadium | Frank M. Lindsay Field |
| Other venues | Decatur Indoor Sports Center
Fairview Park Tennis Complex |
| Nickname | Big Blue |
| Colors | Blue and White
 |
| Website | athletics.millikin.edu |
|  | |


title: Punctapinella marginipunctata

abstract: Punctapinella marginipunctata is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Bolivia. The wingspan is about 23 mm.

text:
# Punctapinella marginipunctata

***Punctapinella marginipunctata*** is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Bolivia.

The wingspan is about 23 mm.

## InfoBox

| *Punctapinella marginipunctata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Genus: | *Punctapinella* |
| Species: | ***P. marginipunctata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Punctapinella marginipunctata***<br>Razowski & Wojtusiak, 2013 | |
|


title: Procordulia affinis

abstract: Procordulia affinis is a species of dragonfly in the family Corduliidae, known as the western swamp emerald. It inhabits rivers, pools and lakes in south-western Australia. Procordulia affinis is a small to medium-sized black and orange-yellow dragonfly with a thick, flattened tail.

text:
# Procordulia affinis

***Procordulia affinis*** is a species of dragonfly in the family Corduliidae, known as the **western swamp emerald**. It inhabits rivers, pools and lakes in south-western Australia.

*Procordulia affinis* is a small to medium-sized black and orange-yellow dragonfly with a thick, flattened tail.

## InfoBox

| Western swamp emerald | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Odonata |
| Infraorder: | Anisoptera |
| Family: | Corduliidae |
| Genus: | *Procordulia* |
| Species: | ***P. affinis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Procordulia affinis***
(Selys, 1871) | |
|
|  | |


title: Ælfflæd of Whitby

abstract:
Saint Ælfflæd (654–714) was the daughter of King Oswiu of Northumbria and Eanflæd. She was abbess of Whitby Abbey, an abbey of nuns that were known for their skills in medicine, from the death of her kinswoman Hilda in 680, first jointly with her mother, then alone.
Ælfflæd was particularly known for her skills in surgery and her personal attention to patients, as was Hilda, who was known for her personalized medical care.

text:
# Ælfflæd of Whitby

Saint **Ælfflæd** (654714) was the daughter of King Oswiu of Northumbria and Eanflæd. She was abbess of Whitby Abbey, an abbey of nuns that were known for their skills in medicine, from the death of her kinswoman Hilda in 680, first jointly with her mother, then alone. Ælfflæd was particularly known for her skills in surgery and her personal attention to patients, as was Hilda, who was known for her personalized medical care.

## Life

Most of Ælfflæd's life was spent as a nun. When she was about a year old, her father, King Oswiu of Northumbria, in thanksgiving for his victory over Penda of Mercia at the Battle of the Winwæd, handed her over to abbess Hilda to be brought up at Hartlepool Abbey. When Hilda left to found Whitby Abbey in 657 or 658, she brought Ælfflæd with her.

Upon Hilda's death in 680, Oswiu's widow, Eanflæd and their daughter Ælfflæd became joint abbesses and later in the 680s, Ælfflæd was sole abbess until her death in 714. The Northumbrian church of Cuthbert's time was a wealthy and aristocratic institution. On at least one occasion princess Abbess Ælfflæd is found banqueting with St. Cuthbert of Lindisfarne.

In the *Life of St. Cuthbert*, the saint assures Ælfflæd, who is concerned over the succession, that she will find Ecgfrith's successor 'to be a brother no less than the other one' (Anon. V. Cuthberti 3.6). Cuthbert then tells the puzzled Ælfflæd that this brother is 'on some island beyond this sea', at which point she realises that he is talking of Aldfrith 'who was then on the island which is called Iona' (Anon. V. Cuthberti 3.6). Like her mother, Ælfflæd was associated with Bishop Wilfrid, and played a large part in the settlement which placed her nephew Osred son of Aldfrith on the throne in 705. She was an important political figure from the death of her brother Ecgfrith in 685 until her death.

According to one account, Ælfflaed had been afflicted with a crippling disease for some time. One day she thought about Cuthbert and wished she had something belonging to him, for she was certain that would help her. Soon afterwards a messenger arrived with the gift of a linen girdle from Cuthbert. She put this on and within three days was restored to health.

One letter of Ælfflaed, to Adolana, abbess of Pfalzel, survives in the Bonifatian correspondence, which provides rare evidence for interaction between female religious leaders in the Early Medieval period. In this letter Ælfflaed seeks advice and assistance for a fellow abbess, who wished to go on pilgrimage to Rome, shedding light on Whitby's Continental connections in the years after Hilda's death.

Her piety was praised by contemporaries such as Bede and Stephen of Ripon. Bede refers to her high degree of holiness and devotion, while Stephen calls her the consoler of the whole kingdom and the best counsellor.

Ælfflæd was considered a saint and her feast day was celebrated on 8 February. She was buried at Whitby. A late hagiography, the *Vita sanctae Elfledae*, survives, collected in John Capgrave's *Nova Legenda Angliae* of 1516.

Excavations in the 1920s by Radford and Peers found several building foundations and two inscribed memorial stones believed to record the deaths of St. Ælfflaed, Abbess of Whitby, and Cyneburgh, queen of King Oswald.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Saint Elflaeda of Whitby | |
| --- | --- |
| Whitby Abbey | |
| Died | 714 |
| Feast | 8 February |


title: Protocell Circus

abstract: Protocell Circus (2010), produced by Dr. Rachel Armstrong and Michael Simon Toon, is the first film to show the recognizable lifelike behavior of laboratory-created protocells. Armstrong synthesized and filmed the protocells of Protocell Circus at the laboratory of the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London. Her research incorporates protocells in the development of self-repairing 'living' architecture. Armstrong and Dr. Martin Hanczyc of the University of Southern Denmark developed the Bütschli dynamic droplet system used to synthesize the oil-based cells shown in the film. Although they contain no genetic material, these protocells absorb fuel and react to their environment as well as each other, which among other factors contribute to the theory that this "model could be considered as a type of primitive life that could have been possible on the early Earth." Toon edited, sound designed, and post-produced Armstrong's raw footage, emphasizing moments of seemingly lifelike motion and interaction among the reagents. He also wrote subtitles for the cells' interactions using simple anthropomorphic statements such as "I'm afraid", "I love you", and "I want to escape." The combination of images and subtitles have been variously interpreted, both as a reflection of the human need to see similarities to ourselves in even proto-biological systems, and the converse suggestion that human behavior is actually a complex reflection of the behavior of primordial chemistry.

text:
# Protocell Circus

***Protocell Circus*** (2010), produced by Dr. Rachel Armstrong and Michael Simon Toon, is the first film to show the recognizable lifelike behavior of laboratory-created protocells.

Armstrong synthesized and filmed the protocells of *Protocell Circus* at the laboratory of the Bartlett School of Architecture, University College London. Her research incorporates protocells in the development of self-repairing 'living' architecture. Armstrong and Dr. Martin Hanczyc of the University of Southern Denmark developed the Bütschli dynamic droplet system used to synthesize the oil-based cells shown in the film. Although they contain no genetic material, these protocells absorb fuel and react to their environment as well as each other, which among other factors contribute to the theory that this "model could be considered as a type of primitive life that could have been possible on the early Earth."

Toon edited, sound designed, and post-produced Armstrong's raw footage, emphasizing moments of seemingly lifelike motion and interaction among the reagents. He also wrote subtitles for the cells' interactions using simple anthropomorphic statements such as "I'm afraid", "I love you", and "I want to escape." The combination of images and subtitles have been variously interpreted, both as a reflection of the human need to see similarities to ourselves in even proto-biological systems, and the converse suggestion that human behavior is actually a complex reflection of the behavior of primordial chemistry.

* Future Human season (2010) British Film Institute, BFI Southbank, London
* *Digital Art@Google NYC* (2010) Chelsea Art Museum of Manhattan, New York City
* *Synth-ethic: Art and Synthetic Biology Exhibition* (2011) Natural History Museum of Vienna, Austria


title: Normal crop acreage

abstract: In United States agricultural law, normal crop acreage refers to the acreage on a farm normally devoted to a group of designated crops. When a set-aside program was in effect, a participating farm’s total planted acreage of such designated crops plus set-aside acreage could not exceed the normal crop acreage. The authority for set-asides was eliminated by the 1996 farm bill.

text:
# Normal crop acreage

In United States agricultural law, **normal crop acreage** refers to the acreage on a farm normally devoted to a group of designated crops. When a set-aside program was in effect, a participating farm’s total planted acreage of such designated crops plus set-aside acreage could not exceed the normal crop acreage. The authority for set-asides was eliminated by the 1996 farm bill (P.L. 104-127).

* This article incorporates public domain material from Jasper Womach. *Report for Congress: Agriculture: A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition* (PDF). Congressional Research Service.


title: Parish of Old St Pancras

abstract: The Parish of Old St Pancras was an ecclesiastical parish in the Church of England. It was formed on 1 June 2003 and consisted of four churches in north London – St Michael's Church, Camden Town; St Mary's Church, Somers Town; St Pancras Old Church; and St Paul's Church, Camden Square. It was split back into four separate parishes and PCCs on 1 March 2023.

text:
# Parish of Old St Pancras

The **Parish of Old St Pancras** (previously known as the **St Pancras Team Ministry**) was an ecclesiastical parish in the Church of England. It was formed on 1 June 2003 and consisted of four churches in north London – St Michael's Church, Camden Town; St Mary's Church, Somers Town; St Pancras Old Church; and St Paul's Church, Camden Square. It was split back into four separate parishes and PCCs on 1 March 2023.

## Clergy

The parish employed four priests:

* Father James Elston SSC, Team Vicar, St Pancras Old Church and St Paul's, Camden Square, and Team Rector
* Father Michael Thomas, Team Vicar, St Michael's
* Father Paschal Worton SSC, Team Vicar, St Mary's
* Father Guy Willis SSC, Associate Priest

The first three of these remained the parish priests after the split in 2023, with Elston retaining responsibility for St Paul's Camden Square as well as St Pancras Old Church.


title: Internet chess server

abstract: An Internet chess server (ICS) is an external server that provides the facility to play, discuss, and view the board game of chess over the Internet. The term specifically refers to facilities for connecting players through a variety of graphical chess clients located on each user's computer.

text:
# Internet chess server

An **Internet chess server** (**ICS**) is an external server that provides the facility to play, discuss, and view the board game of chess over the Internet. The term specifically refers to facilities for connecting players through a variety of graphical chess clients located on each user's computer.

## History

In the 1970s, one could play correspondence chess in a PLATO System program called 'chess3'. Several users used chess3 regularly; often a particular user would make several moves per day, sometimes with several games simultaneously in progress. In theory one could use chess3 to play a complete game of chess in one sitting, but chess3 was not usually used this way. PLATO was not connected to Internet predecessor ARPANET in any way that allowed mass use by the public, and consequently, chess3 was and still is relatively unknown to the public.

In the eighties, chess play by email was still fairly novel. Latency with email was less significant than with traditional correspondence chess via paper letters. Often one could complete a dozen moves in a week. As network technology improved, public, widespread use of a centralised server for live play became a possibility.

Michael Moore, of the University of Utah, and Richard Nash recognised the potential of an Internet chess server and created its first incarnation, hosted at lark.utah.edu and accessible through telnet. The official opening date of the ICS was January 15, 1992. John Chanak, William Kish, and Aaron Putnam moved the server to a host machine at Carnegie Mellon University in July 1992, and took over its operation. Although it was buggy and suffered from lag problems, the server was popular among a small group of chess enthusiasts. Over time, many features were added to the ICS, such as Elo ratings and support for graphical clients, and the server was made more stable.

In late 1992, Daniel Sleator, professor of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University, took over management of the ICS. He addressed, among other issues, the frequent complaint that players would lose blitz games on time due to network lag. In 1994, he copyrighted the code, and began receiving purchase offers from companies wanting to commercialise the server. There were questions about whether Sleator was right to claim that the ICS was his intellectual property, since he did not code the original server, although he had made substantial improvements to its code.

On March 1, 1995, Sleator announced his intentions to commercialise ICS himself, renaming it the Internet Chess Club, or ICC, and charging a yearly membership fee of $US 49 ($US 59.95 in 2007). This announcement was highly controversial among existing members. Many volunteers who had contributed in various ways to the flourishing of ICS were upset that anyone would attempt to profit from their efforts. Active players on the server who were used to the service being provided without charge were not pleased with the addition of the membership fee.

A handful of programmers who had worked on the original ICS became unhappy with what they saw as the commoditization of their project. They formed the Free Internet Chess Server (FICS), and continued to allow everyone to have access to all features for free. In 1996, John Fanning, uncle of Napster founder Shawn Fanning, started Chess.net, a commercial Internet chess server to rival ICS. Both services remain operational today.

## Protocol and access

The ICS protocol is a simple, text-based variant of the TELNET protocol. It is sparsely documented and not standardised, although a few reference implementations and several clients exist.

In addition to standalone clients, many servers also offer websites that can be used directly from a Web browser. These are popular with new users and users of public computers.

## Available servers

Over the years, several Internet chess servers have been created. The most popular are Chess.com, Chesshub.com, Lichess, ICC, Chess Craft, Playchess.com, FICS and Chesscube. Chess is also among the games previously offered by non-specialist site Yahoo! Games.


title: Max Schönherr

abstract: Max Schönherr was an Austrian composer, arranger and conductor.

text:
# Max Schönherr

**Max Schönherr** (23 November 1903  13 December 1984) was an Austrian composer, arranger and conductor.

## Biography

Born in Maribor, Schönherr studied in Graz under Roderich Mojsisovics von Mojsvar and was a composer of light orchestral music in Vienna. He died in Baden bei Wien. Outside his native country, Schönherr was best known for his *Austrian Peasant Dances Op. 14*, which became widely popular internationally. His other compositions include a *Concertino for Piano and small Orchestra*, *Festive Musical for Piano and small Orchestra*, *Dances of Salzburg* for small or salon orchestra, *Perpetual Motion Op. 29",* Das Trünkene Mucklein*, and the ballet* Hotel Sacher*.*

As an arranger he prepared notable editions of music by Johann and Josef Strauß. These include the *Annen-Polka*, the *Perpetuum mobile* and *Auf der Jagd* by Johann, and the *Delirien* and *Sphärenklänge* waltzes by Josef. All five of these were recorded by the Berliner Philharmoniker in 1980.

### Recordings of his music

Modern recordings of his work are limited to two CDs, conducted by Manfred Müssauer with the Donau Philharmonie Wien and released in 2006-7; as well as a 2-CD Introduction to his work on the Orf (Liebermann) label, consisting of older recordings. There are also a number of examples of Schönherr's work as a conductor available on disc.

Older records include a 78rpm recording (HMV C. 2905) from the late 1940s entitled *Austrian Peasant Dances*, which has Schönherr as the arranger: the conductor is Walter Goehr and the orchestra is listed generically as *Symphony Orchestra*. A well-known 1963 LP from RCA Victor (Dynagroove LSC-2677) featuring Arthur Fiedler and the Boston Pops Orchestra entitled *Concert in the Park*, features a Wedding March not found on HMV C. 2905; whilst that recording contains two dances not recorded on the RCA LP. The most extended recording was by Henry Krips and the Philharmonia Orchestra, recorded in 1958, comprising *Hochzeitsmarsch aus Ebensee*, *Schuhplattler*, *Gugga Polka*, *Salzburger Schustertanz*, *Gstrampfter*, *Polsterltanz aus Ischl*, *Sautanz*, and *Bauerngalopp*.

* Max Schönherr, *The Concise Grove Dictionary of Music*, Oxford University Press, 1994


title: George Washington Tomlinson House

abstract: George Washington Tomlinson House is a historic home located at Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana. It was built about 1862, and is a 1+1⁄2-story, center passage plan, double pile, frame dwelling with Greek Revival and Georgian style design elements. It is sheathed in clapboard siding, has a side gable roof, and four interior end chimneys. The house was moved to its present site in 1979. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

text:
# George Washington Tomlinson House

**George Washington Tomlinson House** is a historic home located at Indianapolis, Marion County, Indiana. It was built about 1862, and is a 1+12-story, center passage plan, double pile, frame dwelling with Greek Revival and Georgian style design elements. It is sheathed in clapboard siding, has a side gable roof, and four interior end chimneys. The house was moved to its present site in 1979.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| George Washington Tomlinson House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| George Washington Tomlinson House, December 2009 | |
|  | |
| Location | 5140 Reed Rd., Indianapolis, Indiana |
| Coordinates | 39°50′48″N 86°17′24″W / 39.84667°N 86.29000°W / 39.84667; -86.29000 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | c. 1862 (1862) |
| Architectural style | Georgian, Greek Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 05001366 |
| Added to NRHP | December 6, 2005 |


title: West African Youth League

abstract: The West African Youth League (WAYL) was a political organisation founded by I. T. A. Wallace-Johnson in June 1935. The group was a major political force against the colonial government in West Africa, especially in the Gold Coast and Sierra Leone. The League was the first political movement in the region "to recruit women into the main membership and the decision-making bodies of the organisation". In 1938 the popularity of the League increased in Sierra Leone as Wallace-Johnson returned. The league contested and won the Freetown City Council elections in the same year. At the time Wallace-Johnson claimed that the organisation had a membership of 40 000. Following the Freetown election victory, the British authorities arrested Wallace-Johnson. The league went into disarray after Wallace-Johnson was sent to prison on Sherbro Island in 1939. After attempting to revive the organisation in 1944, Wallace-Johnson took it into the Pan-African Federation set up in Manchester, United Kingdom. He decided to merge it into the National Council of Sierra Leone in 1950. Mary Lokko served as Wallace-Johnson's assistant for a time beginning in 1936, becoming likely the first woman in West Africa to hold a position in a political organization.

text:
# West African Youth League

The **West African Youth League** (**WAYL**) was a political organisation founded by I. T. A. Wallace-Johnson in June 1935. The group was a major political force against the colonial government in West Africa, especially in the Gold Coast and Sierra Leone. The League was the first political movement in the region "to recruit women into the main membership and the decision-making bodies of the organisation".

In 1938 the popularity of the League increased in Sierra Leone as Wallace-Johnson returned. The league contested and won the Freetown City Council elections in the same year. At the time Wallace-Johnson claimed that the organisation had a membership of 40 000. Following the Freetown election victory, the British authorities arrested Wallace-Johnson. The league went into disarray after Wallace-Johnson was sent to prison on Sherbro Island in 1939. After attempting to revive the organisation in 1944, Wallace-Johnson took it into the Pan-African Federation set up in Manchester, United Kingdom. He decided to merge it into the National Council of Sierra Leone in 1950.

Mary Lokko served as Wallace-Johnson's assistant for a time beginning in 1936, becoming likely the first woman in West Africa to hold a position in a political organization.


title: Punctapinella niphastra

abstract: Punctapinella niphastra is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Espírito Santo, Brazil.

text:
# Punctapinella niphastra

***Punctapinella niphastra*** is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Espírito Santo, Brazil.

## InfoBox

| *Punctapinella niphastra* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Genus: | *Punctapinella* |
| Species: | ***P. niphastra*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Punctapinella niphastra***<br>(Meyrick, 1931) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Eulia niphastra* Meyrick, 1931 | |


title: Provigo

abstract: Provigo is a grocery retailer based in Quebec, Canada, consisting of over 300 stores and franchises throughout the province. It operates a retailing chain of stores and distribution warehouses. It is owned by Loblaw Companies Limited. The chain's advertising slogan is "Si vite, si bon!"

text:
# Provigo

**Provigo** is a grocery retailer based in Quebec, Canada, consisting of over 300 stores and franchises throughout the province. It operates a retailing chain of stores and distribution warehouses. It is owned by Loblaw Companies Limited.

The chain's advertising slogan is "*Si vite, si bon!*" ("So quick, so good!")

## History

In 1969, in response to Canadian and American competition, a consortium of four Quebec wholesalers merged their activities with the intent to save costs and establish services as a big company. One of these people was Antoine Turmel who would become the first CEO of Provigo. Provigo was founded in 1969 under the Couvrette & Provost name, which was changed to Provigo in 1970.

At first, Provigo was only the holding company that used three names for its grocery operations: **Provigain**, **Provibec** and **Provipop**, in addition to other banners outside the "Provi" designation. It wasn't until the year 1980 that the Provigo name itself would become an actual store banner by replacing three of its grocery chains: Provigain, Jato and Aubaines Alimentaires. Its Provipop corner stores were renamed **Jovi** that year. The Provibec name survived another three years until its 285 stores were given the new **AXEP** banner in early May 1983. Provigo's chain of convenience stores **Provi-Soir** (est.1974) was not impacted by these rebrandings and retained its name until its merger with Couche-Tard in the late 1990s.

Acquisitions of Provigo over the years have included Les Aubaines alimentaires in 1972, Jato in 1975, Dionne in 1977, Dominion and Raymond in 1981, A&P Montréal in 1984 and Steinberg in 1992.

After many years of growth, the Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec purchased a stake in Provigo and named Pierre Lortie to head the company and ousted Pierre Lessard who would become president of Aetna and, after that, the CEO of Metro Inc, an important competitor of Provigo.

For various reasons, Provigo faced financial problems in the 1980s, notably because of its easy target in political agendas. For example, the Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec offered the control of the company to Ungesco, a holding company by Bertin Nadeau. Nadeau unsuccessfully attempted to turn Provigo as the center of its financial empire. Also during those years, Provigo was facing ferocious competition from giant Steinberg to maintain its presence in the Quebec grocery industry. After winning the battle in a Pyrrhic style victory, Provigo sought to regain profitability.

In 1998, after becoming once again a profitable company, Provigo was purchased by Loblaw Companies Limited, putting an end to decades of the company in the hands of Quebecers. Although Loblaws introduced for the first time in Quebec stores under its namesake, it preserved the Provigo banner as well as the names Maxi, Maxi & Cie, L'Intermarché and AXEP; all of which were divisions of Provigo prior to its acquisition by Loblaws.

Beginning in 2008, the Provigo logo style and branding (but not the Provigo name itself, or the "P" logo) were repurposed for the SaveEasy chain in Atlantic Canada. SaveEasy and Provigo remain separate chains.

On July 18, 2013, Provigo introduced **Provigo Le Marché**, a new concept similar to Loblaws's flagship chain and particularly **Loblaws CityMarket**  that was launched in English-speaking Canada the same date as "Provigo Le Marché" in Quebec. The first "Provigo Le Marché" store opened in Sherbrooke, Quebec. Since then, the Loblaws stores in Quebec have rebranded as "Provigo Le Marché" or simply as Provigo. The logo for Provigo Le Marché has the familiar "L" logo from Loblaws rather than the longtime "P" signage on traditional Provigo stores. Since November 2015, the "L" has been adopted chainwide and is no longer limited to "Provigo Le Marché" stores, as reflected on Provigo's website and its flyers.

In early 2023 Loblaws began the process of converting 20 Provigo stores into their lower cost Maxi brand.

## InfoBox

Provigo
|
|  |
|
| Formerly | *Couvrette & Provost* |
| Company type | Division |
| Industry |  |
| Founded | 1969 (1969) |
| Headquarters | Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| Area served | Quebec |
| Products | Bakery, beer, charcuterie, dairy, deli, frozen foods, general grocery, liquor\*, meat & poultry, produce, seafood, snacks, wine
\*Select locations |
| Brands |  |
| Services | Click and collect (PC Express), dietitian, dry cleaning, fashion (Joe Fresh), optical, pharmacy
Select locations |
| Number of employees | 5,700 (2007) |
| Parent | Loblaw Companies Limited |
| Website | provigo.ca |
| **Footnotes / references**
 | |


title: Ângela Ferreira

abstract: Ângela Ferreira is a Portuguese and South African installation artist, video artist, photographer and sculptor. She spends time in both countries.

text:
# Ângela Ferreira

**Ângela Ferreira** (born 1958) is a Portuguese and South African installation artist, video artist, photographer and sculptor. She spends time in both countries.

## Early life and education

Ângela Ferreira was born in Maputo, formerly Lourenço Marques, in Portuguese Mozambique in 1958 and lived and studied in Cape Town during the apartheid era. She graduated in sculpture and also obtained a master's degree in fine arts (MFA) from the Michaelis School of Fine Art of the University of Cape Town. She obtained a PhD from the Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Lisbon in 2016.

## Career

Between 1983 and 2003, Ferreira lectured in sculpture in several universities in South Africa. Since 2003, she has been an assistant professor at the Faculty of Fine Arts of Lisbon University. Her creative work has been largely focused on exploring intercultural and identity relations between the West and Africa, reflecting the consequences of colonialism and post-colonialism in contemporary society. She was the first Portuguese artist to choose the country's colonial past as a theme. In 1989 and 1990 she held a scholarship from the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation, and served as a guest artist at the *Centro de Arte & Comunicação Visual* in Lisbon.

In 1995 Ferreira took part in the Biennale at Caldas da Rainha, winning the sculpture prize. Between 1996 and 1997 she undertook a project at the Chinati Foundation, a contemporary art museum in Marfa, Texas, which had been established by the artist, Donald Judd. She created an installation that evoked the South African folk artist Helen Martins. In 1998 she exhibited at the Kanimambo Multicultural Exhibition in Lisbon, as part of the 1998 Lisbon World Exposition. In 2003 she was an honorary research associate at the Michaelis School of Fine Art. In 2007, Ferreira represented Portugal at the 52nd Venice Biennale. Her project consisted of photographic documentation and a sculpture made from her investigation of three Tropical Houses by French architect Jean Prouvé (1901-1984), which were built in the cities of Niamey in Niger and Brazzaville in the Republic of Congo between 1949 and 1951 and removed in 2001. Ferreira also contributed to Biennials in Istanbul (1999), São Paulo (2008) and Bucharest (2010) and has exhibited widely in Portugal, as well as in Finland, France, Mexico, South Africa and the US. Among her public installations have been contributions to the Frieze Sculpture Park in London in 2008, and exhibitions in Graz, Austria and Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo.

In 2014 Ferreira held a solo exhibition, *Indépendance Cha Cha*, at the *Lumiar Cité* gallery in Lisbon. This exhibition was a continuation of the project that she developed for the Lubumbashi Biennale, taking inspiration from the colonial architecture of downtown Lubumbashi and juxtaposing her work with two videos: one considering forced labour in the mines in that area; the other showing an interpretation of *Indépendance Cha Cha*, a song by Joseph Kabasele, which became an anthem of the independence movements in francophone Africa in the 1960s. For this work, Ferreira was awarded the Novobanco Photo Award in 2015. In 2015, she presented a solo exhibition at the Centre for Art and Architecture Affairs in Guimarães, Portugal, which brought together works produced between 2008 and 2012. In 2018 Ferreira was an honorary research fellow at the University of the Witwatersrand in South Africa. Most recently, her work was part of an exhibition of Portuguese female artists at the Calouste Gulbenkian Museum, entitled *Tudo o que eu quero* (All that I want), which was part of the cultural programme of the Portuguese Presidency of the Council of the European Union.

Ferreira's work can be found in several public collections, including those of the Museum of Art, Architecture and Technology (MAAT), Lisbon; the EDP Foundation, Lisbon; the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation; the Serralves Foundation, Porto; the Galicia Contemporary Art Centre (CGAC), in Santiago de Compostela; the Market Gallery Foundation, Johannesburg; and the Iziko South African National Gallery, Cape Town.

## InfoBox

| Ângela Ferreira | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1958<br>Maputo, Mozambique |
| Nationality | Portuguese and South African |
| Known for | Installation art |
| Website | http://angelaferreira.info |


title: North Central Austin

abstract: North Central Austin is a colloquial term referring to an area north of downtown Austin, Texas.

text:
# North Central Austin

**North Central Austin** is a colloquial term referring to an area north of downtown Austin, Texas.

## Definitions

The City of Austin has no official definition of "North Central Austin". The Planning and Development Review Department divides Austin's core into neighborhood planning areas, which mostly correspond to the boundaries of just one or two well-established neighborhood associations. The Austin Police Department has defined six area commands, among them "Central West", "Central East", "Northwest" and "Northeast", none of which are recognizable as "North Central". Austin's Parks and Recreation Department in its October 6, 2010, draft of its Long Range Plan appears to have revised its planning area definition, with Planning Area 9 corresponding to an area defined by Mopac on the west, 183 to the north, I-35 to the east and 2222 to the south, plus part of the North Lamar/Georgian Acres Combined NPA north of 183, and part of the North Loop NPA south of 2222.

The Austin Board of Realtors in 2007 defined 25 "ACTRIS" regions to assist realtors and the public with identifying real estate. The North Central region runs from 2222 north all the way to 620 in Round Rock.

The civic organization Sustainable Neighborhoods of North Central Austin, which uses the term in its name, defines its territorial scope based on the boundaries of six neighborhood associations: Allandale, Brentwood, Crestview, Highland, North Shoal Creek, and Wooten. This definition mostly corresponds to a diamond of land bounded by the roads Mopac-183-I35-45th St. This part of Austin is undivided by highways, and shares a common architecture due to the prevalence of post-World War II single-family housing.


title: Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant

abstract: Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant is a historic factory building located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is a steel-frame brick industrial building, ranging from one to three stories in height, and consists of five components built in stages between the first decade of the 20th century and the 1940s. The Parker Metal Decorating Company operated between 1921 and 1994. Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

text:
# Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant

**Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant** is a historic factory building located at Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is a steel-frame brick industrial building, ranging from one to three stories in height, and consists of five components built in stages between the first decade of the 20th century and the 1940s. The Parker Metal Decorating Company operated between 1921 and 1994.

Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Parker Metal Decoration Company Plant | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 333 W. Ostend St., Baltimore, Maryland |
| Coordinates | 39°16′31″N 76°37′18″W / 39.27528°N 76.62167°W / 39.27528; -76.62167 |
| Area | 0.7 acres (0.28 ha) |
| Built | 1921 |
| NRHP reference No. | 00001391 |
| Added to NRHP | November 22, 2000 |


title: Intiö

abstract: Intiö is a district of the city centre area of Oulu, Finland. It is located on the southern bank of the Oulu River in between Myllytulli and Värttö districts. Most of the area in Intiö is taken by the old military barracks area, which is nowadays used by Luovi Vocational College, and the Oulu Cemetery. New apartment blocks have been built along the riverside. The Intiö water tower, designed by architect J. S. Sirén, is a prominent landmark of Intiö.

text:
# Intiö

**Intiö** is a district of the city centre area of Oulu, Finland. It is located on the southern bank of the Oulu River in between Myllytulli and Värttö districts.

Most of the area in Intiö is taken by the old military barracks area, which is nowadays used by Luovi Vocational College, and the Oulu Cemetery. New apartment blocks have been built along the riverside. The Intiö water tower, designed by architect J. S. Sirén, is a prominent landmark of Intiö.

Media related to Intiö at Wikimedia Commons

65°00′58″N 25°30′00″E / 65.0162°N 25.5000°E / 65.0162; 25.5000

## InfoBox

| Intiö | |
| --- | --- |
| District of Oulu | |
|  | |
| Country | Finland |
| City | Oulu |
| Areas of Oulu | City Centre |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 2 438 |
| Postal code | 90130 |


title: Maybe Man

abstract: "Maybe Man" is a song by American pop band AJR from their fifth studio album The Maybe Man, appearing as the opening track. The song was released alongside a music video on November 10, 2023, the day of the album's release.

text:
# Maybe Man

"**Maybe Man**" is a song by American pop band AJR from their fifth studio album *The Maybe Man*, appearing as the opening track. The song was released alongside a music video on November 10, 2023, the day of the album's release.

## Composition and lyrics

The song is composed in **4**
**4** time signature, with the first leg following a tempo of 145 beats per minute (BPM). "Maybe Man" musically builds as the song progresses, ending with a soft verse before a beat drop. The second leg of the song follows a tempo of 112 beats per minute (BPM), beginning with AJR's crew member Rob Piccione yelling "One, two, pandemonium".

Spanning 12 verses in length, "Maybe Man" acts as a table of contents for the rest of the album. Each verse of the song interpolates ideas from other songs on *The Maybe Man*, such as the seventh verse taking from "The DJ Is Crying for Help" and the eighth verse taking from "I Won't". This type of introduction differs from those of the band's previous albums, with *Living Room*, *The Click*, and *OK Orchestra* featuring sample-based overtures.

## Music video

An official video animated by Aaron Jasinski and directed by Edoardo Ranaboldo was released on November 10, 2023, alongside the album's release in the United States. The music video is painted, visually depicting Jack singing each verse of the song. The video ends with Jack running through various settings including a forest, a hospital, and the autumn landscape of their 2021 album *OK Orchestra* before flying into space. This scene was additionally used to promote the album's reveal on August 28, 2023.

### Nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Nominee(s) | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2024 | Berlin Music Video Awards | Best Animation | "Maybe Man" | Nominated |  |

## Personnel

Credits adapted from Tidal.

* Adam Met – vocals, instruments, composer
* Jack Met – lead vocals, instruments, composer
* Ryan Met – instruments, composer, producer, programming
* Dale Becker – mastering engineer
* Joe Zook – mixing engineer
* Rob Piccione – additional vocals, engineer
* Katie Harvey – assistant mastering engineer
* Noah McCorkle – assistant mastering engineer
* Brandon Hernandez – assistant mastering engineer
* Ruth Kornblatt-Stier – cello
* Arnetta Johnson – trumpet
* Emelia Suljic – violin
* Austin Roa – vocals
* Chris Berry – vocals
* Dane Hagen – vocals
* Ezra Donellan – vocals
* Josh Plotner – woodwinds

## Charts

Weekly chart performance for "Maybe Man"
| Chart (2023) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (*Billboard*) | 29 |
|

## InfoBox

| "Maybe Man" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Song by AJR | |
| from the album  *The Maybe Man* | |
| Released | November 10, 2023 (2023-11-10) |
| Recorded | 2022–2023 |
| Length | 3:40 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) | * Jack Met * Adam Met * Ryan Met |
| Producer(s) | Ryan Met |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "Maybe Man" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Precision Performance Motorsports

abstract: Precision Performance Motorsports (PPM) is an American professional sports car racing and former stock car racing team that currently competes full-time in the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship using a GT Daytona-class Lamborghini Huracán GT3 Evo. In stock car racing, the team was known for competing in the NASCAR Xfinity Series and the K&N Pro Series East. The team is owned by Rick Gdovic and was formed from the assets of Viva Motorsports. After the 2017 season, PPM shuttered its stock car operation to transition to sports car racing.

text:
# Precision Performance Motorsports

**Precision Performance Motorsports (PPM)** is an American professional sports car racing and former stock car racing team that currently competes full-time in the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship using a GT Daytona-class Lamborghini Huracán GT3 Evo. In stock car racing, the team was known for competing in the NASCAR Xfinity Series and the K&N Pro Series East. The team is owned by Rick Gdovic and was formed from the assets of Viva Motorsports. After the 2017 season, PPM shuttered its stock car operation to transition to sports car racing.

## Xfinity Series

### Car No. 46 history

The No. 46 team debut was at the season opener at Daytona International Speedway in 2016, with Anthony Kumpen behind the wheel with sponsorship Nexteer Automotive and Leaseplan. The second race for the No. 46 was the 2016 Fitzgerald Glider Kits 300 at Bristol with Brandon Gdovic behind the wheel with sponsorship Pitt Ohio Express. He started 27th and finished 18th. Gdovic also ran at Pocono, Indianapolis, the other Bristol race and Phoenix. Jordan Anderson drove the car in the season-finale at Homestead-Miami.

In 2017, Kumpen returned to the No. 46 at Daytona and Mid-Ohio Sports Car Course. Where he finished 22nd and 18th. Quin Houff made its Xfinity Series debut in the No. 46 at Bristol, with an impressive 15th-place finish. Houff also ran the following race at Richmond, the spring race at Iowa, the fall race at Kentucky and Kansas. Houff also failed to qualify for the summer race at Kentucky and in the season-finale at Homestead-Miami. Parker Kligerman drove the car at Road America and finished 10th, giving the team their first Top-10.

#### Car No. 46 results

| Year | Driver | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | NXSC | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2016 | Anthony Kumpen | 46 | Chevy | DAY
26 | ATL | LVS | PHO | CAL | TEX |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 44th | 112 |
| | Brandon Gdovic | | | | |  | | | | | | BRI
18 | RCH | TAL | DOV | CLT | POC
26 | MCH | IOW | DAY | KEN | NHA | IND
27 | IOW | GLN | MOH | BRI
21 | ROA | DAR | RCH | CHI | KEN | DOV | CLT | KAN | TEX | PHO
21 |  |
| | Jordan Anderson | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | HOM
36 |
| 2017 | Anthony Kumpen | | | DAY
22 | ATL | LVS | PHO | CAL | TEX |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | MOH
16 | BRI |  | | | | | | | | | | | 40th | 145 |
| | Quin Houff | | |  | | | | | | BRI
15 | RCH
27 | TAL | CLT | DOV | POC | MCH | IOW
12 | DAY | KEN
DNQ | NHA | IND | IOW | GLN |  | | | | | | KEN
27 | DOV | CLT | KAN
22 | TEX | PHO | HOM
DNQ |
| | Parker Kligerman | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ROA
10 | DAR | RCH | CHI |  | | | | | | |

### Car No. 55 history

Brandon Gdovic drove two races in the No. 55 for Viva Motorsports before PPM purchased their equipment.

The team made their first Xfinity Series debut in 2015, at Watkins Glen, with Gdovic driving and finished a career best 13th. Anthony Kumpen signed with PPM to drive two races starting at Phoenix International Raceway and Homestead-Miami Speedway.

#### Car No. 55 results

| Year | Driver | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | NXSC | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2015 | Brandon Gdovic | 55 | Chevy | DAY | ATL | LVS | PHO | CAL | TEX | BRI | RCH | TAL | IOW | CLT | DOV | MCH | CHI | DAY | KEN | NHA | IND | IOW | GLN
13 | MOH | BRI | ROA | DAR | RCH | CHI | KEN | DOV | CLT | KAN | TEX |  | | 38th | 296 |
| | Anthony Kumpen | | | | |  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | PHO
24 | HOM
27 |

### Sports car racing

The team announced in early December 2017 that it would be suspending its NASCAR operations and moving into the Continental Tire SportsCar Challenge and posted the sale of its Xfinity Series equipment. Later, team owner Rick Gdovic said that his son Brandon Gdovic wanted to move to sports car racing, and that the financial model in that discipline is better than stock car racing. Rick had tried to sell the team before the 2017 season began but an investment group set to buy the team fell through. In 2018, the team fielded two entries in the Lamborghini Super Trofeo North America series before expanding to the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship for 2019.

## InfoBox

Precision Performance Motorsports
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Owner(s) | Rick Gdovic |
| Base | China Grove, North Carolina |
| Series | WeatherTech SportsCar Championship |
| Race drivers | Brandon Gdovic
Johnathan Hoggard
Mark Kvamme
Eric Lux |
| Manufacturer | Lamborghini |
| Opened | 2011 |
| Career | |
| Debut | **Xfinity Series**:
2015 Zippo 200 at The Glen (Watkins Glen) |
| Latest race | **Xfinity Series**:
2017 Kansas Lottery 300 (Kansas) |
| Races competed | **Total**:
**Xfinity Series**: 18
**K&N Pro Series East**: |
| Drivers' Championships | **Total**: 0
**Xfinity Series**: 0
**K&N Pro Series East**: 0 |
| Pole positions | **Total**:
**Xfinity Series**: 0
**K&N Pro Series East**: 0 |


title: West African batis

abstract:
The West African batis is a species of bird in the family Platysteiridae.
It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone.
Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests.
It is sometimes considered a subspecies of the Fernando Po batis.

text:
# West African batis

The **West African batis** (***Batis occulta***) is a species of bird in the family Platysteiridae. It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Republic of the Congo, Ivory Coast, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is sometimes considered a subspecies of the Fernando Po batis.

## InfoBox

| West African batis | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Platysteiridae |
| Genus: | *Batis* |
| Species: | ***B. occulta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Batis occulta***
Lawson, 1984 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| *Batis poensis occulta* | |


title: Pueblo Viejo Municipality, Veracruz

abstract: Pueblo Viejo is a municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is located in the state's Huasteca Alta region. The municipal seat is the city of Ciudad Cuauhtémoc.

text:
# Pueblo Viejo Municipality, Veracruz

**Pueblo Viejo** is a municipality in the Mexican state of Veracruz. It is located in the state's Huasteca Alta region. The municipal seat is the city of Ciudad Cuauhtémoc.

## Geography

The municipality covers a total area of 286.24 km² and is located on Federal Highway 123. It borders with the state of Tamaulipas and the municipality of Pánuco to the north and west, with the Gulf of Mexico to the east, and with Tampico Alto to the south.

## Demographics

In the 2005 INEGI Census, the municipality reported a total population of 52,593 (up from 48,054 in 1995), of whom 8,950 lived in the municipal seat. Of the municipality's inhabitants, 553 (1.2%) spoke an indigenous language, primarily Nahuatl; 0.32% of the total population spoke no Spanish.

## Settlements

The municipal seat of Pueblo Viejo is not its largest centre of population. Of the municipality's 73 settlements, the largest are:

21°17′N 98°22′W / 21.283°N 98.367°W / 21.283; -98.367

## InfoBox

| Pueblo Viejo | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Pueblo ViejoLocation in Mexico | |
| Coordinates: 22°11′0″N 97°50′0″W / 22.18333°N 97.83333°W / 22.18333; -97.83333 | |
| Country | Mexico |
| State | Veracruz |
| Municipal seat | Ciudad Cuauhtémoc |
| Government | |
| Municipal President | Tomas Castillo Rivera (AFV), 2008-10 |
| Area | |
| Total | 286.24 km2 (110.52 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 10 m (30 ft) |
| Population (2005) | |
| Total | 52,593 |
| Density | 180/km2 (480/sq mi) |


title: Province-class fast attack craft

abstract: The Province-class fast attack craft, also known as the Dhofar class, is a British-built series of missile-armed fast attack craft for the Royal Navy of Oman.

text:
# Province-class fast attack craft

The **Province-class fast attack craft**, also known as the ***Dhofar* class**, is a British-built series of missile-armed fast attack craft for the Royal Navy of Oman.

## Design

The Province class was designed and built by the British shipyard Vosper Thornycroft based on their *Ramadan*-class missile boat which they had built for the Egyptian Navy. The first ship of the class, *Dhofar* was ordered in 1980, with further ships (with slightly modified armament and equipment) ordered in 1981 and 1986.

The ships are 56.70 metres (186 ft 0 in) long overall and 52.00 metres (170 ft 7 in) between perpendiculars, with a beam of 8.20 metres (26 ft 11 in) and a draught of 2.40 metres (7 ft 10 in). Displacement is 311 long tons (316 t) light and 394 long tons (400 t) full load. They are powered by four Paxman Valenta 18RP200 diesel engines, each driving a propeller shaft, with a total power of 17,900 brake horsepower (13,300 kW), giving a speed of 40 knots (46 mph; 74 km/h). Two 80 horsepower (60 kW) electric motors are fitted for manoeuvring purposes. 45.5 tons of fuel are carried, giving a range of 2,000 nautical miles (2,300 mi; 3,700 km) at 15 knots (17 mph; 28 km/h).

The ships' main anti-ship armament is the Exocet anti-ship missile. *Dhofar* can carry six MM-40 Exocets missiles, while the other three ships of the class can carry eight MM-40s, in two quadruple mounts. An OTO Melara 76 mm gun is mounted forwards, while a twin Breda Bofors 40 mm gun is mounted aft. In addition, two 12.7 mm (.50 inch) machine guns are fitted.

## Ships in class

| Ship | Date ordered | Date delivered |
| --- | --- | --- |
| *Dhofar* | 1980 | 1982 |
| *Al Sharquiyah* | 1981 | 1983 |
| *Al Bat'nah* | 1981 | 1984 |
| *Mussandam* | 1986 | 1989 |

## Citations

* Baker, A. D. (1998). *The Naval Institute Guide to Combat Fleets of the World 1998–1999: Their Ships, Aircraft, and Systems*. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: U.S. Naval Institute. ISBN 1-55750-111-4.
* Gardiner, Robert; Chumbley, Stephen, eds. (1995). *Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1947–1995*. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-132-7.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Class overview | |
| Builders | Vosper Thornycroft, UK |
| Operators | Royal Navy of Oman |
| Succeeded by | Al-Ofouq-class patrol vessel |
| Planned | 4 |
| Completed | 4 |
| Active | 4 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Fast attack craft |
| Displacement | 390 tonnes |
| Length | 56.70 m (186 ft) o/a |
| Beam | 8.20 m (27 ft) |
| Draught | 2.40 m (8 ft) |
| Installed power | 17,900 hp (13,348 kW) |
| Propulsion | 4 × Paxman Valenta 18RP200 diesel engines |
| Speed | 38 knots (70 km/h; 44 mph) |
| Range | 2,000 nmi (3,700 km; 2,300 mi) at 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph) |
| Complement | 20 |
| Armament |  |


title: Çatkese, Kurşunlu

abstract: Çatkese is a village in the Kurşunlu District of Çankırı Province in Turkey. Its population is 165 (2021).

text:
# Çatkese, Kurşunlu

**Çatkese** is a village in the Kurşunlu District of Çankırı Province in Turkey. Its population is 165 (2021).

## InfoBox

| Çatkese | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| ÇatkeseLocation in TurkeyÇatkeseÇatkese (Turkey Central Anatolia) | |
| Coordinates: 40°53′N 33°13′E / 40.883°N 33.217°E / 40.883; 33.217 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Çankırı |
| District | Kurşunlu |
| Population (2021) | 165 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |


title: Psacaliopsis

abstract:
Psacaliopsis is a genus of Mexican plants in the groundsel tribe within the daisy family.
  - Species
  - Psacaliopsis macdonaldii (B.L.Turner) C.Jeffrey - Oaxaca
  - Psacaliopsis paneroi (B.L.Turner) C.Jeffrey - Oaxaca
  - Psacaliopsis purpusii H.Rob. & Brettell - Oaxaca
  - formerly included see Roldana Senecio
  - Psacaliopsis pinetorum (Hemsl.) Funston & Villaseñor - Roldana pinetorum (Hemsl.) H.Rob. & Brettell
  - Psacaliopsis pudica H.Rob. & Brettell - Senecio nubivagus L.O.Williams

text:
# Psacaliopsis

***Psacaliopsis*** is a genus of Mexican plants in the groundsel tribe within the daisy family.

Species formerly included

see *Roldana Senecio*

* *Psacaliopsis pinetorum* (Hemsl.) Funston & Villaseñor \- *Roldana pinetorum* (Hemsl.) H.Rob. & Brettell
* *Psacaliopsis pudica* (Standl. & Steyerm.) H.Rob. & Brettell \- *Senecio nubivagus* L.O.Williams

## InfoBox

| *Psacaliopsis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Asteroideae |
| Tribe: | Senecioneae |
| Genus: | *Psacaliopsis*
H.Rob. & Brettell |
|
| Type species | |
| *Senecio purpusii*
Greenman ex Brandegee | |


title: North Miami Community Schools

abstract: North Miami Community Schools is one of three school systems in Miami County, Indiana. Located in the northern part of Miami County, North Miami Community Schools is located just north of Denver, Indiana.

text:
# North Miami Community Schools

**North Miami Community Schools** is one of three school systems in Miami County, Indiana. Located in the northern part of Miami County, North Miami Community Schools is located just north of Denver, Indiana.

## Schools

1. "Welcome to INview". *inview.doe.in.gov*.

## InfoBox

| North Miami Community Schools | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| 394 E 900 N
Denver, Indiana | |
| District information | |
| Grades | P–12 |
| Superintendent | Kenneth Hanson |
| Accreditation | North Central Association |
| Students and staff | |
| Athletic conference | Three Rivers Conference
Running Rivers Conference |
| District mascot | Warriors |
| Colors | Red and Black |
| Other information | |
| Graduation Rate | 100% |
| 2024 Graduates | 68 |
| Website | www.nmcs.k12.in.us |


title: Parovoz IS

abstract: Steam Engine IS is the oldest railroading site of the Runet.

text:
# Parovoz IS

**Steam Engine IS** (also known as **Parovoz IS** and **parovoz.com**) is the oldest railroading site of the Runet.

## History

The site was created on November 22, 1995, by Dmitry Zinoviev (author), a PhD student of SUNY at Stony Brook. It was initially called "Railroad Maps" and was hosted by the university Web server. The birth of the site was registered by Artemy Lebedev in his Book of Records NZhMD. Thus, parovoz.com was the first site about Russian Railways, one of the first sites about railways in general, and one of the first Runet sites.

After some time the site was renamed Steam Engine IS and partially translated into English. In the USSR, a steam locomotive with this name was actually produced (IS steam locomotive, short for Joseph Stalin), and this steam locomotive was considered one of the best Soviet steam locomotives, the pride of the Soviet steam locomotive industry.

The site was nominated for the ROTOR award. For a long time, it was the only most complete reference book on the Runet on the topic of Russian railway transport. Because of this, people often mistook it for the Russian Railways website, and therefore the main page still contains the warning "This site is not the official website of Russian Railways".

## Functionality

Steam Engine IS is one of the world's largest railroad sites. As of June 2016, the site has 397 thousand photos on the railway theme, 4 thousand photos of disassembled and abandoned lines, 50 thousand photos of narrow-gauge railways, 47 thousand photos of railways around the world, and 48 thousand photos of city transport, maps, and diagrams ( including the first online detailed diagram of post-Soviet railways), timetables (including the first online full interactive train timetables in Russia, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and the Baltics), news, analytical articles, a reference book of technical and historical information about railways, anecdotes and much more. An extensive collection of links to Internet resources dedicated to the railways and subways of the USSR is collected in the "Railway Ring". Attached to the site is the "Younger Brother" encyclopedia about narrow-gauge railways in the post-Soviet space.

## InfoBox

Steam Engine IS
| Available in | Russian |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | November 22, 1995 |
| Created by | Dmitry Zinoviev |
| URL | www.parovoz.com |
| Commercial | no |
| Current status | Active |


title: She Said (Collective Soul song)

abstract: "She Said" is a song by American post-grunge band Collective Soul. It was featured in the 1997 slasher film Scream 2 during the closing credits as well as on its accompanying soundtrack. A music video was released for the song featuring scenes from the film. A slightly different version of the song was later featured as a hidden track on the band's fourth studio album Dosage.

text:
# She Said (Collective Soul song)

"**She Said**" is a song by American post-grunge band Collective Soul. It was featured in the 1997 slasher film *Scream 2* during the closing credits as well as on its accompanying soundtrack. A music video was released for the song featuring scenes from the film.

A slightly different version of the song was later featured as a hidden track on the band's fourth studio album *Dosage*.

## Charts

Chart performance for "She Said"
| Chart (1998) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US *Billboard* Mainstream Rock Tracks | 16 |
| US *Billboard* Modern Rock Tracks | 39 |

## InfoBox

| "She Said" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Collective Soul | |
| from the album  *Scream 2: Music from the Dimension Motion Picture* | |
| Released | 1998 |
| Recorded | 1997 |
| Studio | Triclops Recording, Atlanta |
| Genre | Alternative rock, post-grunge |
| Length | 4:51 (original version)
4:14 (*Dosage* version) |
| Label | Atlantic |
| Songwriter(s) | Ed Roland |
| Producer(s) | * Ed Roland * Greg Archilla * Mike Childers |
| Collective Soul singles chronology | |
| "Blame"
(1997) "**She Said**"
(1998) "Run"
(1999) | |


title: Volvarina saramagoi

abstract: Volvarina saramagoi is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

text:
# Volvarina saramagoi

***Volvarina saramagoi*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

## Description

The length of the shell attains 8.8 mm, its diameter 3.9 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Atlantic Ocean.

## InfoBox

| *Volvarina saramagoi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Family: | Marginellidae |
| Subfamily: | Marginellinae |
| Genus: | *Volvarina* |
| Species: | ***V. saramagoi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Volvarina saramagoi***<br>Espinosa, Ortea & Moro, 2013 | |
|


title: Precision Paragon P2

abstract: Precision-Paragon [P2] is a lighting manufacturer that is wholly owned by Hubbell Lighting Inc. Headquartered in Yorba Linda, California, the company has manufacturing plants in Yorba Linda, California, Hudson, Wisconsin and Gainesville, Florida.

text:
# Precision Paragon P2

**Precision-Paragon \[P2\]** is a lighting manufacturer that is wholly owned by Hubbell Lighting Inc. Headquartered in Yorba Linda, California, the company has manufacturing plants in Yorba Linda, California, Hudson, Wisconsin and Gainesville, Florida.

## Company Profile

Precision-Paragon \[P2\] manufacturers fluorescent and LED based lighting fixtures designed for energy efficient lighting retrofits and new construction of commercial and industrial buildings. Its products are designed to reduce energy consumption, and the company claims that cumulatively, its fixtures have reduced consumption by more than 12 billion kWh since 1992.

In 2011, Precision-Paragon \[P2\] conducted a survey among its customers which found that 75% of respondents expect the energy efficient lighting industry to grow in 2011.

## History

* 1992 - Company founded as Precision Fluorescent
* 2005 - Acquired by Varon Lighting Group
* 2009 - Varon Lighting Group acquired by Hubbell Incorporated
* 2009 - Precision-Lighting acquires Paragon Lighting, combined company renamed Precision-Paragon \[P2\].
* 2011 - Joe Martin becomes vice president and general manager of Precision-Paragon\[P2\]

## InfoBox

Precision-Paragon \[P2\]
|
|  |
| Company type | Private (subsidiary of Hubbell Inc.) |
| Industry | Lighting |
| Predecessor | Paragon Lighting
Precision Fluorescent
Precision-Lighting |
| Founded | 1992 (1992) |
| Headquarters | Yorba Linda, California |
| Number of locations | 3 manufacturing plants |
| Area served | North America |
| Products | Fluorescent Lighting
LED Lighting |
| Website | www.p-2.com |
| **Footnotes / references**
e.yuan (7 November 2008). "Sunovia finalizes $2 Million LED Light Engines Sale Agreement with Precision-Lighting". *LED Inside*. Retrieved 20 June 2011. "Hubbell Acquires Varon Lighting Group". *NEMA.org*. 28 December 2009. Retrieved 20 June 2011. "About Us". *P-2.com*. Retrieved 20 June 2011. | |


abstract: Wer mich liebet, der wird mein Wort halten, BWV 59, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed the cantata for Pentecost and probably first performed it in Leipzig on 28 May 1724, but an earlier performance on 16 May 1723 at the Paulinerkirche, the University Church of Leipzig, is possible.

text:
# Wer mich liebet, der wird mein Wort halten, BWV 59

***Wer mich liebet, der wird mein Wort halten*** (Whoever loves me will keep my word), **BWV 59**, is a church cantata by Johann Sebastian Bach. He composed the cantata for Pentecost and probably first performed it in Leipzig on 28 May 1724, but an earlier performance on 16 May 1723 at the Paulinerkirche, the University Church of Leipzig, is possible.

## History and words

Bach wrote the cantata for Pentecost Sunday. The prescribed readings for the feast day were from the Acts of the Apostles, the Holy Spirit (Acts 2:1–13), and from the Gospel of John, Jesus announcing in his Farewell Discourse the Spirit who will teach (John 14:23–31). The cantata is based on a text of Erdmann Neumeister, published in 1714. Bach composed only four movements of the seven of the poetry. The cantata begins with the first verse of the gospel, which Bach had set already as a recitative for bass in his cantata for Pentecost *Erschallet, ihr Lieder, erklinget, ihr Saiten!* BWV 172, composed in Weimar in 1714 on a text of Salomon Franck. In the second movement, the poet praises the great love of God. The third movement is the first stanza of Martin Luther's hymn for Pentecost, "Komm, Heiliger Geist, Herre Gott", asking for the coming of the Holy Spirit. In an unusual closing aria, the poet deals with the expected greater bliss in heaven.

Bach certainly performed the cantata on 28 May 1724, which may have been the first performance. The score dates from around 1718, but the parts were written in 1724. Pentecost of 1723 occurred before Bach officially started his tenure as *Thomaskantor* in Leipzig on the first Sunday after Trinity. The possibility of a performance already on 16 May 1723, perhaps in a service of the university, as Arnold Schering suggested, has been discussed. Bach used and expanded parts of the cantata in *Wer mich liebet, der wird mein Wort halten*, BWV 74, for Pentecost of 1725.

## Scoring and structure

The cantata in four movements is scored for two soloists, soprano and bass, a four-part choir only in the chorale, two trumpets, timpani, two violins, viola and basso continuo. Compared to a typical festive orchestra, it lacks a third trumpet and woodwinds.

1. Duet (soprano, bass): Wer mich liebet, der wird mein Wort halten
2. Recitative (soprano): O was sind das vor Ehren
3. Chorale: Komm, Heiliger Geist, Herre Gott
4. Aria (bass): Die Welt mit allen Königreichen

## Music

The first movement is an extended duet, which repeats the text five times. In four sections, the voices imitate each other, using different intervals and various keys; in the final section they sing united in parallels of sixths. The instruments begin with a short prelude, which introduces a motif later sung on the words "Wer mich liebet" with a short melisma on "mich" (me). This motif begins every section.

Movement 2 begins as a recitative with string accompaniment, but ends as an arioso with continuo on the final lines "Ach, daß doch, wie er wollte ihn auch ein jeder lieben sollte" (Ah, that only, as he wishes, everyone might also love him).

In the chorale, two violins play partly independent parts, achieving a full sound. The chorale is followed by an aria with an obbligato violin. Scholars have discussed if this unusual ending of the cantata was Bach's intention or if he had planned to conclude the work with Neumeister's fifth movement, another chorale. John Eliot Gardiner chose to repeat the chorale, performing its third stanza.

## Recordings

## Sources

## InfoBox

| *Wer mich liebet, der wird mein Wort halten* | |
| --- | --- |
| BWV 59 | |
| Church cantata by J. S. Bach | |
| Paulinerkirche, Leipzig, 17th-century lithography | |
| Related | basis for BWV 74 |
| Occasion | Pentecost |
| Cantata text | Erdmann Neumeister |
| Bible text | John 14:23–31 |
| Chorale | from Komm, Heiliger Geist, Herre Gott |
| Performed | * 16 May 1723 (1723-05-16)?:  Leipzig * 28 May 1724 (1724-05-28) |
| Movements | 4 |
| Vocal | * solo: soprano and bass * SATB choir |
| Instrumental | * 2 trumpets * timpani * 2 violins * viola * continuo |


title: Pueblo Viejo Canton

abstract: Puebloviejo Canton is a canton of Ecuador, located in the Los Ríos Province. Its capital is the town of Puebloviejo. Its population at the 2001 census was 29,420.

text:
# Pueblo Viejo Canton

**Puebloviejo Canton** is a canton of Ecuador, located in the Los Ríos Province. Its capital is the town of Puebloviejo. Its population at the 2001 census was 29,420.

## Demographics

Ethnic groups as of the Ecuadorian census of 2010:

## Geography and climate

It is located in the center of the province of Los Ríos. It covers an area of 336.3 square kilometres.

The Rio Puebloviejo flows through the village, with a series of tributaries that feed it and many estuaries and streams. The weather is warm and humid with temperatures varying between 27 and 28 degrees Celsius.

## History

Puebloviejo is mentioned in early chronicles in 1616, mentioning the fork in the river. In 1693, in the period of King Juan Carlos II of Spain, Puebloviejo was part of the Territory of Guayaquil.

In 1808, Puebloviejo became one of the 14 districts of the Province of Guayaquil. On October 9, 1820, Guayaquil proclaimed their independence from Spanish rule, causing Puebloviejo to proclaim its independence on 12 October, recognized as independence day in the canton.

During the presidency of Vicente Ramón Roca, by legislative decree on February 7 of 1846, it became a canton. During the months of February and March 2008, San Francisco de Puebloviejo suffered from severe flooding in Ecuador, which affected not only crops but also houses and many families in the area.

## Economy

Many of the inhabitants are employed in agriculture. Besides being the largest producer of bananas within the Province, the canton has produced cocoa since colonial times. It also produces tagua, fine woods, tropical fruits, coffee, rice, corn, soybean, passion fruit, tomato and others.

## Notable people

The poet Aurora Estrada y Ayala was born here in 1903 and spent her early childhood in Pueblo Viejo.

1°33′00″S 79°32′02″W / 1.55000°S 79.53389°W / -1.55000; -79.53389

## InfoBox

| Puebloviejo Canton | |
| --- | --- |
| Canton | |
| Location of Los Rios Province in Ecuador. | |
| Puebloviejo Canton in Los Ríos Province | |
| Country | Ecuador |
| Province | Los Ríos Province |
| Capital | Puebloviejo |
| Area | |
| Total | 129.8 sq mi (336.3 km2) |
| Population (2001) | |
| Total | 29,420 |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (ECT) |


abstract:
The enzyme protoaphin-aglucone dehydratase (cyclizing) catalyzes the chemical reaction
  - protoaphin aglucone ⇌ xanthoaphin + H2O This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is protoaphin-aglucone hydro-lyase. Other names in common use include protoaphin dehydratase, protoaphin dehydratase (cyclizing), and protoaphin-aglucone hydro-lyase (cyclizing).

text:
# Protoaphin-aglucone dehydratase (cyclizing)

The enzyme **protoaphin-aglucone dehydratase (cyclizing)** (EC 4.2.1.73) catalyzes the chemical reaction

protoaphin aglucone $\rightleftharpoons $ xanthoaphin + H2O

This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically the hydro-lyases, which cleave carbon-oxygen bonds. The systematic name of this enzyme class is **protoaphin-aglucone hydro-lyase (cyclizing; xanthoaphin-forming)**. Other names in common use include **protoaphin dehydratase**, **protoaphin dehydratase (cyclizing)**, and **protoaphin-aglucone hydro-lyase (cyclizing)**.

* Cameron DW, Sawyer WH, Trikojus VM (1977). "Colouring matters of the Aphidoidea. XLII. Purification and properties of the cyclising enzyme \[Protoaphin dehydratase (cyclising)\] concerned with pigment transformation in the wooly aphid Eriosoma lanigerum Hausmann (Hemiptera: Insecta)". *Aust. J. Biol. Sci*. **30**: 173–181.

## InfoBox

| protoaphin-aglucone dehydratase (cyclizing) | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| EC no. | 4.2.1.73 |
| CAS no. | 64177-87-3 |
| Databases | |
| IntEnz | IntEnz view |
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry |
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view |
| KEGG | KEGG entry |
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway |
| PRIAM | profile |
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum |
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO |
| Search  PMC articles  PubMed articles  NCBI proteins | |


title: Çatköy, Refahiye

abstract: Çatköy is a village in the Refahiye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Turks and had a population of 73 in 2022.

text:
# Çatköy, Refahiye

**Çatköy** is a village in the Refahiye District of Erzincan Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Turks and had a population of 73 in 2022.

## InfoBox

| Çatköy | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| ÇatköyLocation in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 40°00′47″N 38°46′26″E / 40.013°N 38.774°E / 40.013; 38.774 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Erzincan |
| District | Refahiye |
| Population (2022) | 73 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |


title: Psacadonotus seriatus

abstract: Psacadonotus seriatus is a species of insect in the family Tettigoniidae. It is endemic to Australia.

text:
# Psacadonotus seriatus

***Psacadonotus seriatus*** is a species of insect in the family Tettigoniidae. It is endemic to Australia.

## InfoBox

| *Psacadonotus seriatus* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Vulnerable  (IUCN 2.3) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Orthoptera |
| Suborder: | Ensifera |
| Family: | Tettigoniidae |
| Genus: | *Psacadonotus* |
| Species: | ***P. seriatus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Psacadonotus seriatus***
Redtenbacher, 1891 | |
|


title: North Michigan Avenue Historic District

abstract: The North Michigan Avenue Historic District is a residential historic district located along Michigan Avenue, from Monroe Street on the south to just north of Remington Street in Saginaw, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

text:
# North Michigan Avenue Historic District

The **North Michigan Avenue Historic District** is a residential historic district located along Michigan Avenue, from Monroe Street on the south to just north of Remington Street in Saginaw, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

## History

The earliest settlers in Saginaw built homes along the southern portion of Michigan Avenue. It wasn't until the 1860s that development began on the northern portion of Michigan Avenue; however, this development quickly accelerated into the 1880s. The residential section along Michigan Avenue attracted sons and relatives of the wealthy families that had settled earlier on the southern part of the Avenue. Through the nineteenth century, large, stately mansions were constructed along this section of Michigan Avenue. After the turn of the century, some of the larger lots were split, and more modest bungalows were constructed, infilling between the larger homes. Many of the larger homes have been converted to commercial use.

## Description

The district contains 33 structures. of which 27 contribute to the historic character of the neighborhood. The contributing structures primarily dates from the 1880s and the 1910s, and range in style from Colonial Revival to Queen Anne to Romanesque Revival. The district is anchored on the southern end by St. Andrews Catholic Church. Many of the other structures on the southern blocks are Victorian houses. Toward the northern section of the district, the houses tend to be newer, many from the twentieth century. This includes the Ring House, now the Saginaw Art Museum, which anchors the district on the northern end.

The significant structures in the district include:

* Hannon House (727 North Michigan): The Hannon House is a two-story Greek Revival structure. It was constructed in the early 1850s at the corner of Michigan and Hancock Streets. Charles Rust later purchased the structure and moved it to the 500 block of South Michigan, and then in 1911 it was moved to the 700 block of North Michigan.
* Benton Hanchett House (1006 North Michigan): Benton Hanchett was a lawyer who built a successful practice living on South Michigan. In 18881, he built a fine house on North Michigan. The house is a three-story yellow-brick Romanesque Revival structure with red sandstone trim.
* Gilbert Stark House (1027 North Michigan): This house was built in 1885 for Gilbert Stark, a lumberman and son of Saginaw lawyer and mayor George Stark. It is a Queen Anne structure with asymmetrical massing, variety of window sizes and shapes, broken planar surfaces, and a picturesque roofline.
* Charles Ring House (1126 North Michigan): This house was built in 1904 for Charles Ring, a wealthy lumberman. It is a three-story, brick Georgian Revival residence. In 1946, Ring's daughters gave the house and gardens to the City, and it now houses the Saginaw Art Museum.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| North Michigan Avenue Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Saginaw Museum (Ring House) | |
| Location | Roughly bounded by Monroe, Fayette, N. Hamilton and W. Remington Sts., Saginaw, Michigan |
| Coordinates | 43°25′21″N 83°57′24″W / 43.42250°N 83.95667°W / 43.42250; -83.95667 (North Michigan Avenue Historic District) |
| Area | 25.7 acres (10.4 ha) |
| Architectural style | Colonial Revival, Queen Anne, Romanesque Revival |
| MPS | Center Saginaw MRA |
| NRHP reference No. | 82002872 |
| Added to NRHP | July 9, 1982 |