title: Nick Catone

abstract: Nicholas Catone is a retired American mixed martial artist. Catone competed from 2009 to 2015 in the Middleweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

text:
# Nick Catone

**Nicholas Catone** (born September 1, 1981) is a retired American mixed martial artist. Catone competed from 2009 to 2015 in the Middleweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

## Mixed martial arts career

### Wrestling

Catone began wrestling in middle school. Catone stayed with the sport all through his middle and high school years. While at Brick Memorial High School in Brick Township, New Jersey, Catone won numerous awards and titles in wrestling. He was a *New Jersey State place winner*, *Three-time Division I national qualifier*, *2x Division I conference champion* and *100 Division I career wins*. He was rewarded with a scholarship to wrestle for Rutgers University but did not like the lifestyle of a large college. After spending a year at Rutgers, Catone transferred to Rider University where he won *Male Athlete of the Year* in 2004. Catone graduated from Rider with a bachelor's degree in psychology.

### Early mixed martial arts career

After college, Catone realized that he did not want to give up the sport of wrestling. So he found a mixed martial arts training facility in 2005 and started working very hard on his boxing and Brazilian jiu-jitsu skills to become a successful professional mixed martial artist.

### Ultimate Fighting Championship

Catone's first UFC fight was scheduled to be against TUF 7 winner Amir Sadollah at UFC 91. However, due to a leg infection, Sadollah withdrew from the match. A replacement for Sadollah could not be found so the match was scrapped from the card. The match against Sadollah was rescheduled for February 7, 2009, at UFC Fight Night 17. On January 23, Sadollah was, again, forced to withdraw from the fight due, this time to a fractured clavicle.

Catone finally made his UFC debut, defeating Derek Downey via keylock in the second round at UFC Fight Night: Lauzon vs. Stephens.

Catone's second fight for the UFC, he fought Tim Credeur at UFC Fight Night 18. Catone lost for the first time in his career by submission due to a guillotine choke in the second round. The fight later went on to be shown on an episode of UFC Unleashed.

At UFC 102, Catone took his second consecutive loss against Mark Muñoz. The fight was full of intense sprawls and exciting stand up battles. Catone lost the fight by a very close split decision (28–29, 30–27 and 29–28). Despite the loss, Catone signed a new four fight deal with the promotion.

Catone was originally scheduled to face Steve Steinbeiss at UFC Fight Night 20. However, Steinbess pulled out of the fight because of an undisclosed injury and was replaced by Jesse Forbes. Catone returned to his winning ways by defeating Forbes via split decision (28–29, 29–28, 29–28).

Catone was scheduled to face John Salter on May 8, 2010, at UFC 113, but Catone was forced from the card with a back injury. He was replaced by Jason MacDonald.

After suffering two injuries, Catone was expected to drop down to the welterweight division. Instead, he was expected face Tomasz Drwal on September 15, 2010, at UFC Fight Night 22. However, Catone withdrew from the fight against Drwal due to injury.

Catone was expected to face Dan Miller on March 19, 2011, at UFC 128 in a catchweight bout of 195 lbs. However, Miller was pulled from the bout to fill in for Yoshihiro Akiyama against Nate Marquardt and was replaced by UFC newcomer Costas Philippou. He won the fight via unanimous decision.

Catone was expected to face Aaron Simpson on October 8, 2011, at UFC 136. However, Catone was forced out of the bout after tearing an Achilles tendon, and was replaced by Eric Schafer.

Catone faced Chris Camozzi on June 22, 2012, at UFC on FX 4. Catone was up the first two rounds on the scorecards until a knee by Camozzi caused a large cut on the forehead of Catone, resulting in a doctor stoppage in the third round.

Catone made his welterweight debut against TJ Waldburger on December 15, 2012, at The Ultimate Fighter: Team Carwin vs. Team Nelson Finale. He lost the fight via technical submission in the second round after he passed out in Waldburger's triangle choke.

Catone was expected to face James Head on April 27, 2013, at UFC 159. However, at the weigh ins Catone missed weight and the bout was subsequently pulled from the card the day of the show after Catone went to the hospital for dehydration.

Catone faced Tom Watson in a middleweight bout on February 1, 2014, at UFC 169. He won the fight via split decision.

Catone was expected to face Vitor Miranda on April 18, 2015, at UFC on Fox 15. However, Catone abruptly announced his retirement on March 25, citing a litany of injuries and a history of chronic back pain.

## Championships and accomplishments

* **United States Kickboxing Association**
    + USKBA Middleweight Championship (one time)

## Mixed martial arts record

Professional record breakdown
| **14 matches** | **10 wins** | **4 losses** |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **By knockout** | 3 | 1 |
| **By submission** | 3 | 2 |
| **By decision** | 4 | 1 |

| Res. | Record | Opponent | Method | Event | Date | Round | Time | Location | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Win | 10–4 | Tom Watson | Decision (split) | UFC 169 | February 1, 2014 | 3 | 5:00 | Newark, New Jersey, United States | Middleweight bout. |
| Loss | 9–4 | TJ Waldburger | Technical Submission (triangle choke) | The Ultimate Fighter 16 Finale | December 15, 2012 | 2 | 1:04 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States | Welterweight debut. |
| Loss | 9–3 | Chris Camozzi | TKO (doctor stoppage) | UFC on FX: Maynard vs. Guida | June 22, 2012 | 3 | 1:51 | Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States |  |
| Win | 9–2 | Costas Philippou | Decision (unanimous) | UFC 128 | March 19, 2011 | 3 | 5:00 | Newark, New Jersey, United States | 195 lb Catchweight bout |
| Win | 8–2 | Jesse Forbes | Decision (split) | UFC Fight Night: Maynard vs. Diaz | January 11, 2010 | 3 | 5:00 | Fairfax, Virginia, United States |  |
| Loss | 7–2 | Mark Muñoz | Decision (split) | UFC 102 | August 29, 2009 | 3 | 5:00 | Portland, Oregon, United States |  |
| Loss | 7–1 | Tim Credeur | Submission (guillotine choke) | UFC Fight Night: Condit vs. Kampmann | April 1, 2009 | 2 | 3:45 | Nashville, Tennessee, United States |  |
| Win | 7–0 | Derek Downey | Submission (keylock) | UFC Fight Night: Lauzon vs. Stephens | February 7, 2009 | 2 | 1:15 | Tampa, Florida, United States |  |
| Win | 6–0 | Eric Tavares | TKO (punches) | Ring of Combat 20 | June 26, 2008 | 1 | 4:25 | Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States |  |
| Win | 5–0 | Mitch Whitesel | TKO (punches) | Ring of Combat 19 | May 9, 2008 | 1 | 2:27 | Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States | Won the vacant USKBA Middleweight Championship. |
| Win | 4–0 | Ben Knight | TKO (elbows) | Ring of Combat 17 | November 30, 2007 | 1 | 1:08 | Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States |  |
| Win | 3–0 | Dan Whalen | Submission (rear-naked choke) | Ring of Combat 16 | October 26, 2007 | 1 | 0:58 | Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States |  |
| Win | 2–0 | John Howard | Decision (unanimous) | CFFC 5: Two Worlds, One Cage | June 26, 2007 | 3 | 5:00 | Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States |  |
| Win | 1–0 | Dan Karnbauer | Submission (arm-triangle choke) | Reality Fighting 15 | May 19, 2007 | 1 | 1:23 | Atlantic City, New Jersey, United States |  |

## Post-UFC career and anti-vaccine activism

After retiring from competition, Catone opened a gym in Ocean County, New Jersey, in 2018. Some of the athletes he is currently coaching include Lance Palmer and Timur Valiev.

He and his wife Marjorie Madison-Catone became involved in the anti-vaccination movement after his 20-month-old Nicolas died unexpectedly. A medical expert who conducted an autopsy on the body attributed the death to sudden unexplained death in childhood, a disease which has no known causes, but the parents blamed recent vaccinations for the tragedy. Catone became vocal on social media about his anti-vaccination theories and the story of his child was used in a billboard campaign by the anti-vaccination group Learn The Risk.

In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Facebook deleted Catone's account, as part of its efforts to reduce the amount of misinformation about medical topics on the network. Catone threatened to sue Facebook for an amount exceeding $5 billion for depriving him of a mean to promote his business and the loss of personal pictures.

## InfoBox

| Nick Catone | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1981-09-01) September 1, 1981
Brick Township, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Other names | The Jersey Devil |
| Residence | Brick Township, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Height | 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) |
| Weight | 185.5 lb (84.1 kg; 13.25 st) |
| Division | Middleweight
Welterweight |
| Reach | 72+12 in (184 cm) |
| Fighting out of | Brick Township, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Team | Nick Catone MMA Academy |
| Rank | *3rd degree Black belt in Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu* under Ricardo Almeida |
| Wrestling | *NCAA Division I Wrestler* |
| Years active | 2007–2015 |
|  | |
| Mixed martial arts record | |
| **Total** | 14 |
| **Wins** | 10 |
| By knockout | 3 |
| By submission | 3 |
| By decision | 4 |
| **Losses** | 4 |
| By knockout | 1 |
| By submission | 2 |
| By decision | 1 |
|  | |
| Website | http://www.nickcatone.com |
| Mixed martial arts record from Sherdog | |


title: Nick Green (baseball)

abstract: Nicholas Anthony Green is an American former professional baseball infielder. He played eight seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) between 2004 and 2013 for the Atlanta Braves, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, New York Yankees, Seattle Mariners, Boston Red Sox, Los Angeles Dodgers, Toronto Blue Jays, and Miami Marlins. He played in the International Baseball League of Australia before his MLB debut in 2004. Since 2015, he has worked as an analyst on the Braves Live! post-game show, which follows Atlanta Braves games on Bally Sports South and Bally Sports Southeast.

text:
# Nick Green (baseball)

**Nicholas Anthony Green** (born September 10, 1978) is an American former professional baseball infielder. He played eight seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) between 2004 and 2013 for the Atlanta Braves, Tampa Bay Devil Rays, New York Yankees, Seattle Mariners, Boston Red Sox, Los Angeles Dodgers, Toronto Blue Jays, and Miami Marlins. He played in the International Baseball League of Australia before his MLB debut in 2004. Since 2015, he has worked as an analyst on the Braves Live! post-game show, which follows Atlanta Braves games on Bally Sports South and Bally Sports Southeast.

## Career

Green attended Duluth High School in Duluth, Georgia, and Georgia Perimeter College.

### Atlanta Braves

The Atlanta Braves selected Green in the 32nd round of the 1998 Major League Baseball Draft. After spending four and a half seasons in the minors, he made his Major League debut on May 15, 2004 against the Milwaukee Brewers. His first hit came in his third at-bat of the game, in the top of the fifth inning against Brooks Kieschnick, which was an RBI single to center. He batted .273 with the Braves. On July 2, 2004, Green hit a walk-off home run in the bottom of the 12th inning to lead the Braves to victory over the Boston Red Sox. He played in two games for the Braves in the 2004 National League Division Series, but had no at-bats.

### Tampa Bay Devil Rays

Prior to the 2005 season, the Tampa Bay Devil Rays received Green in a trade with the Braves in return for right-handed pitcher Jorge Sosa. He batted .239 in 111 games for the Devil Rays in 2005, and then after appearing in only 17 games with them in 2006, he was designated for assignment on May 17.

### New York Yankees

On May 24, 2006, the New York Yankees acquired him for cash considerations. They assigned him to their Triple-A squad, the Columbus Clippers.

On July 2, 2006, Green made his first start for the Yankees, at second base. He contributed at the plate and in the field, hitting his first Yankee home run and throwing out a runner at the plate on a strong relay throw. He elected to become a free agent on October 17, 2006.

### Seattle Mariners

After starting the season with the Pittsburgh Pirates organization in 2007, Green was traded to the Seattle Mariners on June 20, 2007, and assigned to their Triple-A affiliate, the Tacoma Rainiers. On September 4, Green was called up to the Major League club. He appeared in six games for the Mariners and had seven at-bats, without recording a hit.

### Boston Red Sox

After spending the 2008 season back in the Yankees minor league system, he signed a minor league contract with an invitation to spring training with the Boston Red Sox, and won a spot on the opening day roster. After teammates Julio Lugo and Jed Lowrie were both placed on the disabled list early in the season, Green became the Red Sox's starting shortstop. After Lugo returned from the DL, he and Green were on a day-to-day playing rotation.

On June 21, 2009, Green hit a first pitch walk-off home run to lead the Boston Red Sox to a 6-5 victory over the Braves. Green's only other career walk-off home run was coincidentally against the Red Sox while he was playing for the Braves.

On August 27, 2009, Green made his Major League pitching debut against the Chicago White Sox. After starter Junichi Tazawa struggled in early innings, Red Sox manager Terry Francona told Green that he would pitch the eighth inning. Green went into the dugout cages and pitched to outfielder Rocco Baldelli, who reported that Green had a full repertoire of pitches, including a two-seam fastball, and surprisingly enough a slider. Green was confused at first as to why he was pitching the eighth, and who would be pitching the ninth. With the Red Sox not scoring enough runs to warrant a new pitcher, Francona made the decision to have Green pitch in the ninth inning as well. During his two innings of scoreless relief, Green walked 3 batters and allowed no hits and no runs on 35 pitches. He topped out at 90 mph on his fastball. He also threw one slider in the game. Green was the first Red Sox position player to go at least two innings of relief and not give up a hit since 1944. Green was also the first Red Sox position player to pitch multiple innings in a game since David McCarty did it in 2004.

### Los Angeles Dodgers

On January 11, 2010, Green signed a minor league contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers.

On April 4, 2010, he was the last man cut from the Major League roster out of spring training, and accepted his assignment to the Albuquerque Isotopes, the Dodgers' Triple-A franchise. He was promoted to the Dodgers on May 4, when Rafael Furcal was placed on the disabled list. On May 28, he was designated for assignment, and returned to the Isotopes. He was released by the Dodgers on June 16.

### Toronto Blue Jays

On June 18, 2010, he signed a major league contract with the Toronto Blue Jays. Mike McCoy was sent down to make room for him. On July 17, 2010, he was designated for assignment to make room for pitcher Shaun Marcum, and refused minor league assignment, electing to be a free agent.

### San Diego Padres

On July 23, 2010, Green signed a minor league contract with the San Diego Padres. He played in 40 games for the Triple-A Portland Beavers, batting .264.

### Baltimore Orioles

On December 10, 2010, Green was widely reported to have signed a minor league deal with an invitation to spring training with the Baltimore Orioles. However, subsequent reports clarified that he and the team had never reached a formal agreement. On January 28, 2011, he did formally agree to a minor league contract with an invitation to spring training.

### Texas Rangers

On July 19, 2011, Green, along with cash, was traded to the Texas Rangers for minor league pitcher Zachary Phillips.

### Miami Marlins

On December 13, 2011, Green signed a minor league contract with the Miami Marlins, with an invitation to spring training. He spent the bulk of the season with the Triple-A New Orleans Zephyrs before getting called up on August 4, 2012, when Emilio Bonifacio was placed on the DL with a sprained left thumb. However, after going 3-for-21 in six games, Green sprained his left thumb as well and was placed on the disabled list on August 16, 2012. He was outrighted off the Marlins' roster on October 17, 2012, and elected free agency.

Green signed a minor league contract on January 15, 2013, with an invitation to spring training. He started the season with the Triple-A New Orleans Zephyrs. His contract was selected by the Marlins on April 18 when Adeiny Hechavarria was placed on the disabled list. He was designated for assignment on May 2, and assigned outright to the Zephyrs on May 5. Green was once more designated for assignment on May 29, and his contract was assigned to the Zephyrs on May 30. He declared free agency on October 2, 2013.

## InfoBox

| Nick Green | |
| --- | --- |
| Green with the Boston Red Sox in 2009 | |
| **Infielder** | |
| **Born:**  (1978-09-10) September 10, 1978<br>Pensacola, Florida, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| May 15, 2004, for the Atlanta Braves | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| May 26, 2013, for the Miami Marlins | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Batting average | .236 |
| Home runs | 17 |
| Runs batted in | 103 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Nick Green (writer)

abstract: Nick Green is a Canadian actor and playwright. He won the Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding New Play in 2017 for his play Body Politic, a dramatization of the history of the Canadian LGBTQ newsmagazine The Body Politic. He is also the recipient of an Elizabeth Sterling Haynes Award, the Tom Hendry Award and BroadwayWorld.com Award. In 2023 his play Casey and Diana, a dramatization of the 1991 visit of Diana, Princess of Wales, to Casey House, Toronto's HIV/AIDS hospice, premiered at the Stratford Festival under the direction of Andrew Kushnir. This production was praised by critics, being named "...the most moving Canadian play of the year by the Toronto Star and a "moving celebration" by the Globe and Mail and that it should "top the list for artistic directors in Toronto planning their next seasons." Green’s play Happy Birthday Baby J was produced by Shadow Theatre in 2020. In 2019, Green co-wrote Every Day She Rose with playwright Andrea Scott, which was produced by Nightwood Theatre, a production named “...an important piece of political theatre” by Now Magazine. This play was published by Playwrights Canada Press. Also that year, his play Dinner with the Duchess premiered at Toronto's Factory Theatre as part of the Next Stage Theatre Festival. Other plays include Undercovered, Coffee Dad, Chicken Mom and the Fabulous Buddha Boy, Under the Big Top, and Bearded Lady. Green is also a book writer for musical theatre. In Real Life won the 2021 Tom Hendry Award for a New musical. This show, developed with the Canadian Music Theatre Projects is slated for a workshop production with the Musical Stage Company in 2024 Other projects include Dr Silver, which has had two developmental productions at South Coast Repertory Theatre, FanGirl, and the Sterling Award-nominated Poof! The Musical. In 2020, after a production of his newest play was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Green launched Social Distancing Festival, a website where arts professionals can share works online.

text:
# Nick Green (writer)

**Nick Green** is a Canadian actor and playwright. He won the Dora Mavor Moore Award for Outstanding New Play in 2017 for his play *Body Politic*, a dramatization of the history of the Canadian LGBTQ newsmagazine *The Body Politic*. He is also the recipient of an Elizabeth Sterling Haynes Award, the Tom Hendry Award and BroadwayWorld.com Award.

In 2023 his play *Casey and Diana*, a dramatization of the 1991 visit of Diana, Princess of Wales, to Casey House, Toronto's HIV/AIDS hospice, premiered at the Stratford Festival under the direction of Andrew Kushnir. This production was praised by critics, being named "...the most moving Canadian play of the year by the Toronto Star and a "moving celebration" by the Globe and Mail and that it should "top the list for artistic directors in Toronto (and New York) planning their next seasons."

Green’s play *Happy Birthday Baby J* was produced by Shadow Theatre in 2020. In 2019, Green co-wrote *Every Day She Rose* with playwright Andrea Scott, which was produced by Nightwood Theatre, a production named “...an important piece of political theatre” by Now Magazine. This play was published by Playwrights Canada Press. Also that year, his play *Dinner with the Duchess* premiered at Toronto's Factory Theatre as part of the Next Stage Theatre Festival.

Other plays include *Undercovered*, *Coffee Dad, Chicken Mom and the Fabulous Buddha Boy*, *Under the Big Top*, and *Bearded Lady*.

Green is also a book writer for musical theatre. *In Real Life* won the 2021 Tom Hendry Award for a New musical. This show, developed with the Canadian Music Theatre Projects is slated for a workshop production with the Musical Stage Company in 2024 Other projects include *Dr Silver,* which has had two developmental productions at South Coast Repertory Theatre, *FanGirl**,* and the Sterling Award-nominated *Poof! The Musical*.

In 2020, after a production of his newest play was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Green launched Social Distancing Festival, a website where arts professionals can share works online.

## InfoBox

| Nick Green | |
| --- | --- |
| Occupation | actor, playwright |
| Nationality | Canadian |
| Alma mater | University of Alberta |
| Notable works | *Body Politic* |


title: Nicholas Boson

abstract: Nicholas Boson (1624–1708) was a writer in, and preserver of, the Cornish language. He was born in Newlyn to a landowning and merchant family involved in the pilchard fisheries. Nicholas's mother had prevented their neighbours and servants speaking Cornish to him, so he only became fluent in the language when he needed it for business with fishermen. He assisted both William Scawen and Edward Lhuyd in their recording of Cornish. Boson wrote three significant texts in Cornish: "Nebbaz gerriau dro tho Carnoack", between 1675 and 1708; "Jowan Chy-an-Horth, py, An try foynt a skyans", published by Edward Lhuyd in 1707, though according to Lhuyd written about forty years earlier; and The Dutchess of Cornwall's Progress, partly in English and now known only in fragmentary quotations. The first two are the only known surviving Cornish prose texts from the seventeenth century. He is buried in Paul churchyard, where his son John Boson and cousin Thomas Boson, fellow writers in Cornish, also rest.

text:
# Nicholas Boson

**Nicholas Boson** (1624–1708) was a writer in, and preserver of, the Cornish language. He was born in Newlyn to a landowning and merchant family involved in the pilchard fisheries.

Nicholas's mother had prevented their neighbours and servants speaking Cornish to him, so he only became fluent in the language when he needed it for business with fishermen. He assisted both William Scawen and Edward Lhuyd in their recording of Cornish.

Boson wrote three significant texts in Cornish: *"Nebbaz gerriau dro tho Carnoack"* ("A Few Words about Cornish"), between 1675 and 1708; *"Jowan Chy-an-Horth, py, An try foynt a skyans"* ("John of Chyannor, or, The three points of wisdom"), published by Edward Lhuyd in 1707, though according to Lhuyd written about forty years earlier; and *The Dutchess of Cornwall's Progress*, partly in English and now known only in fragmentary quotations. The first two are the only known surviving Cornish prose texts from the seventeenth century.

He is buried in Paul churchyard, where his son John Boson and cousin Thomas Boson, fellow writers in Cornish, also rest.


title: Nickelodeon UK Kids' Choice Awards 2011

abstract: The 2011 UK Kids Choice Awards took place on 3 April 2011 at 4:30pm. This year it followed a similar format as the one in the United States. There were two Nick UK categories. Voting started on March 1, 2011. The awards broadcast on Nick UK was the same programme as the original US broadcast, but with special inserts featuring Nick UK presenters announcing the winners of two UK-specific categories.

text:
# Nickelodeon UK Kids' Choice Awards 2011

**The 2011 UK Kids Choice Awards** took place on 3 April 2011 at 4:30pm. This year it followed a similar format as the one in the United States. There were two Nick UK categories. Voting started on March 1, 2011.

The awards broadcast on Nick UK was the same programme as the original US broadcast, but with special inserts featuring Nick UK presenters announcing the winners of two UK-specific categories.

## Nickelodeon UK award categories

### Nick UK's Favourite Show

### Nick UK's Funniest Person

## InfoBox

| 2011 UK Kids Choice Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | April 3, 2011 |
| Website | http://kca.nick.co.uk |
| Television/radio coverage | |
| Network | Nickelodeon UK |
|


title: Frenulum veli

abstract: The frenulum veli, or frenulum of superior medullary velum, also known as the frenulum veli medullaris superioris, cerebellar frenulum, or frenulum cerebelli, is a slightly raised white band passing from the inferior end of the medial longitudinal fissure, through the groove between the quadrigeminal bodies, and down to the superior medullary velum. On either side of this band the trochlear nerve emerges, and passes forward on the lateral aspect of the cerebral peduncle to reach the base of the brain.

text:
# Frenulum veli

The **frenulum veli**, or **frenulum of superior medullary velum**, also known as the *frenulum veli medullaris superioris*, *cerebellar frenulum*, or *frenulum cerebelli*, is a slightly raised white band passing from the inferior end of the medial longitudinal fissure, through the groove between the quadrigeminal bodies, and down to the superior medullary velum.

On either side of this band the trochlear nerve emerges, and passes forward on the lateral aspect of the cerebral peduncle to reach the base of the brain.

* Crosby EC, Humphrey T, Lauer EW, *Correlative Anatomy of the Nervous System*, New York: MacMillan, 1962.
* Stedman, Thomas Lathrop, *Stedman's Medical Dictionary* (24th edition), Williams and Wilkins Co., Baltimore, 1982.

## InfoBox

| Frenulum veli | |
| --- | --- |
| Hind- and mid-brains; postero-lateral view. (Frenulum veli labeled at center left.) | |
| Details | |
| Part of | Superior medullary velum |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | *frenulum veli medullaris superioris* |
| NeuroNames | 2300 |
| TA98 | A14.1.05.005 |
| TA2 | 5977 |
| FMA | 84380 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy | |


title: Malian Cup (basketball)

abstract: The Malian Men's Basketball Cup is the national cup competition for basketball teams in Mali. The first edition of the Cup was held in 1961. Stade Malien holds the record for most cup titles, with a total of 25 titles won.

text:
# Malian Cup (basketball)

The **Malian Men's Basketball Cup** (in French: *Coupe du Mali du basket-ball*) is the national cup competition for basketball teams in Mali. The first edition of the Cup was held in 1961. Stade Malien holds the record for most cup titles, with a total of 25 titles won.

## List of winners

The following is a list of all winners of the Malian Cup since 1961:

| Edition | Year | Winners |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1961 | Stade Malien |
| 2 | 1962 | Lycée Askia |
| 3 | 1963 | Lycée Askia |
| 4 | 1964 | Ecole des Travaux |
| 5 | 1965 | Djoliba |
| 6 | 1966 | Djoliba |
| 7 | 1967 | Stade Malien |
| 8 | 1968 | Stade Malien |
| 9 | 1969 | Stade Malien |
|  | 1970–1978 | *Suspended* |
| 10 | 1979 | Stade Malien |
| 11 | 1980 | Stade Malien |
| 12 | 1981 | Stade Malien |
| 13 | 1982 | Real Bamako |
| 14 | 1983 | Real Bamako |
| 15 | 1984 | Real Bamako |
| 16 | 1985 | USFAS |
| 17 | 1986 | Real Bamako |
| 18 | 1987 | Real Bamako |
| 19 | 1988 | Real Bamako |
| 20 | 1989 | Stade Malien |
| 21 | 1990 | Real Bamako |
| 22 | 1991 | Stade Malien |
| 23 | 1992 | Stade Malien |
| 24 | 1993 | Stade Malien |
| 25 | 1994 | AS Biao |
| 26 | 1995 | Stade Malien |
| 27 | 1996 | Stade Malien |
| 28 | 1997 | Stade Malien |
| 29 | 1998 | Stade Malien |
| 30 | 1999 | Stade Malien |
| 31 | 2000 | Stade Malien |
| 32 | 2001 | Stade Malien |
| 33 | 2002 | Stade Malien |
| 34 | 2003 | Real Bamako |
| 35 | 2004 | Real Bamako |
| 36 | 2005 | Real Bamako |
| 37 | 2006 | Stade Malien |
| 38 | 2007 | Real Bamako |
| 39 | 2008 | Real Bamako |
| 40 | 2009 | Real Bamako |
| 41 | 2010 | Real Bamako |
| 42 | 2011 | AS Police |
|  | 2012 | *Suspended* |
| 43 | 2013 | Stade Malien |
| 44 | 2014 | Stade Malien |
| 45 | 2015 | AS Police |
| 46 | 2016 | Stade Malien |
| 47 | 2017 | USFAS |
| 48 | 2018 | Real Bamako |
| 49 | 2019 | Attar Club |
| 50 | 2020 | AS Police |
| 51 | 2021 | AS Police |
| 52 | 2022 | Stade Malien |
| 53 | 2023 | Stade Malien |

## List of finals

Finals of the Malian Cup
| Season | Champions | Score | Runners-up | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2014 | Stade Malien | 62–52 | Centre Bintou Dembélé |  |
| 2015 | AS Police | 68–44 | Stade Malien |  |
| 2016 | Stade Malien | 66–64 | AS Police |  |
| 2017 | USFAS | 70–59 | AS Police |  |
| 2018 | Real Bamako | 57–55 | AS Police |  |
| 2019 | Attar Club | 79–78 | AS Police |  |
| 2020 | AS Police | 78–75 | Attar Club |  |
| 2021 | AS Police | 67–54 | AS Mandé |  |
| 2022 | Stade Malien | 81–46 | AS Mandé |  |
| 2023 | Stade Malien | 74–60 | Real Bamako |  |

## Performance by club

Results by team
| Club | Wins | First final won | Last final won | Runners-up | Last final lost | Total final appearances |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Stade Malien | 25 | 1961 | 2023 | 1 | 2017 | 25+ |
| AS Real Bamako | 15 | 1982 | 2023 | 0 |  |  |
| AS Police | 4 | 2011 | 2021 | 4 | 2019 | 7+ |
| Djoliba | 2 | 1965 | 1966 | 0 |  | 2 |
| Lycée Askia | 2 | 1962 | 1963 | 0 |  | 2 |
| USFAS | 2 | 1985 | 2017 | 0 |  | 2 |
| AS Biaou | 1 | 1994 | | 0 |  | 1 |
| Attar Club | 1 | 2019 | | 1 | 2020 | 1 |
| AS Mandé | 0 |  |  | 2 | 2022 | 2 |
| Centre Bintou Dembélé | 0 |  |  | 1 | 2014 | 1 |

1. "Palmarès". *Basket Mali* (in French). Retrieved 9 April 2023.
2. "maliweb.net - Finales 2014 de la coupe du Mali de basket-ball : Le Stade Malien et l'AS Commune III sur le podium". *maliweb.net* (in French). 27 August 2014. Retrieved 4 August 2022.
3. "Coupes du Mali de basket : L'AS Police (messieurs) et le Djoliba AC (dames) remportent les trophées". *aBamako.com*. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
4. "Finale de la coupe du Mali de Basketball: Le Stade malien rafle les deux trophées". *Afribone*. Retrieved 9 April 2023.
5. Aujourd'hui-Mali. "Coupe du Mali de basketball 2017 : Le sacre de l'Usfas (Hommes) et Djoliba AC (Dames) | maliweb.net" (in French). Retrieved 9 April 2023.
6. basketmali, La Redaction (30 September 2018). "Finale coupe du Mali : Le Djoliba et l'As Réal s'adjugent le trophée". *BasketMali*. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
7. Kouyaté, Amadou (16 September 2019). "Mali's cup finals: On the wire, Kidal offers its first cup of Mali". *BasketMali*. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
8. "African Basketball News, Scores, Stats, Analysis, Standings".
9. "As Police win Coupe de Mali". *Afrobasket.com*. 13 October 2021. Retrieved 16 October 2021.
10. "Stade Malien clinch Cup title in Bamako". *Afrobasket.com*. 6 November 2022. Retrieved 6 November 2022.
11.

## InfoBox

Malian Basketball Cup
| Sport | Basketball |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1961 |
| First season | 1961 |
| Most recent
champion(s) | Stade Malien (25th title)
(2023) |
| Most titles | Stade Malien (25 titles) |


title: Otiorhynchus morio

abstract: Otiorhynchus morio is one of the many species in the weevil family (Curculionidae). It was first described by German entomologist Ernst Friedrich Germar in 1824.

text:
# Otiorhynchus morio

***Otiorhynchus morio*** is one of the many species in the weevil family (Curculionidae). It was first described by German entomologist Ernst Friedrich Germar in 1824.

## InfoBox

| *Otiorhynchus morio* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Curculionidae |
| Genus: | *Otiorhynchus* |
| Species: | ***O. morio*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Otiorhynchus morio***<br>Germar, 1824 | |
|


title: Papyrus 31

abstract: Papyrus 31, designated by 𝔓⁳ⁱ, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle to the Romans, it contains only Romans 12:3-8. The manuscript paleographically has been assigned to the 7th century. The reverse side is blank. It is possible that it was used as a talisman. Hunt suggested it was a lectionary.

text:
# Papyrus 31

**Papyrus 31** (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by **𝔓31**, is an early copy of the New Testament in Greek. It is a papyrus manuscript of the Epistle to the Romans, it contains only Romans 12:3-8. The manuscript paleographically has been assigned to the 7th century. The reverse side is blank. It is possible that it was used as a talisman. Hunt suggested it was a lectionary.

## Description

Written in medium-sized sloping uncial letters. It seems to have been copied for reading in church.

The Greek text of this codex is a representative of the Alexandrian text-type. Aland placed it in Category II. An agreement with Codex Sinaiticus against the other chief MSS is observable in l. 9 of the fragment (v. 8).

Papyrus 31 presents unique readings in l. 3 (v. 4) and l. 4 (v. 5) against the other chief MSS.

It is currently housed with the Rylands Papyri at the John Rylands University Library (Gr. P. 4) in Manchester.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

Papyrus **𝔓31**
| **New Testament manuscript** | |
| --- | --- |
| Text | Romans 12 † |
| Date | 7th century |
| Script | Greek |
| Found | Egypt |
| Now at | John Rylands Library |
| Cite | A. S. Hunt, *Catalogue of the Greek Papyri in the John Rylands Library* I, Literatury Texts (Manchester 1911), p. 9 |
| Type | Alexandrian |
| Category | II |


title: Mordellistena vapida

abstract: Mordellistena vapida is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1862.

text:
# Mordellistena vapida

***Mordellistena vapida*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordellistena* of the family Mordellidae. It was described by John Lawrence LeConte in 1862.

## InfoBox

| *Mordellistena vapida* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordellistena* |
| Species: | ***M. vapida*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordellistena vapida***<br>(LeConte, 1862) | |
|


abstract: Philip Smith is an Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) politician, serving as an Ards and North Down Councillor for the Comber DEA since 2019. He was a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Strangford from 2016 to 2017. Smith now works for Queen's University Belfast.

text:
# Philip Smith (Northern Ireland politician)

**Philip Smith** (born 7 November 1967) is an Ulster Unionist Party (UUP) politician, serving as an Ards and North Down Councillor for the Comber DEA since 2019. He was a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Strangford from 2016 to 2017. Smith now works for Queen's University Belfast.

## Career

Smith was first elected to Ards Borough Council in 2001, representing the Ards West District. He lost his seat in the 2005 election, but regained it at the 2011 local elections.

He was a candidate in the Comber DEA for the newly-formed Ards and North Down Borough Council in the 2014 election, but was unsuccessful.

In the 2016 Northern Ireland Assembly election, Smith was elected to the Assembly as one of two UUP representatives, the other being then Party leader, Mike Nesbitt. He failed to retain his seat at the 2017 Assembly election.

In the 2019 local elections, Smith was elected to Ards and North Down Borough Council, representing the Comber DEA. Smith was the UUP candidate for Strangford during the 2019 UK general election. He came third.

In the 2022 Assembly election, Smith stood again for Strangford, but was eliminated on the 3rd count.

He retained his council seat at the 2023 local elections.

## InfoBox

| Philip Smith | |
| --- | --- |
| Smith in 2016 | |
|  | |
| Member of Ards and North Down Borough Council | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
2 May 2019 | |
| Preceded by | James Fletcher |
| Constituency | Comber |
| Member of the Legislative Assembly
for Strangford | |
| **In office**
May 2016  26 January 2017 | |
| Preceded by | David McNarry |
| Succeeded by | *seat abolished* |
| Member of
Ards Borough Council | |
| **In office**
5 May 2011  22 May 2014 | |
| Preceded by | Margaret Craig |
| Succeeded by | *Council abolished* |
| Constituency | Ards West |
| **In office**
7 June 2001  5 May 2005 | |
| Preceded by | David McNarry |
| Succeeded by | Margaret Craig |
| Constituency | Ards West |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1967-11-07) 7 November 1967 |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Ulster Unionist Party |
| Profession | Politician |
|  | |


title: Philip Whitwell Wilson

abstract: Philip Whitwell Wilson was a British Liberal Party politician, writer and journalist.

text:
# Philip Whitwell Wilson

**Philip Whitwell Wilson** (1875 – 6 June 1956) was a British Liberal Party politician, writer and journalist.

## Early life

Wilson was born in Westmorland, Cumbria, the son of I. Whitwell Wilson, a Justice of the Peace, and Annie Bagster. He was educated at Kendal Grammar School and Clare College, Cambridge. At Cambridge he was President of the Cambridge Union, and was also one of the first editors of the literary magazine *Granta*.

## Politics

At the 1906 general election, he was elected as the Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for St Pancras South, winning the seat from the Liberal Unionists by the slender margin of 61 votes. The Liberal Unionists regained the seat at the January 1910 general election and Wilson switched to the Westmorland seat of Appleby, which he contested unsuccessfully at the December 1910 general election, finishing second.

## Career

In 1910 he became the parliamentary correspondent for the *Daily News*, a position he held for the next twelve years. He was also the American correspondent for the *Daily News*. He wrote a number of religious books. He was also a supporter of the Settlement Movement, which brought together his religious and political ideas.

## Personal life

Wilson was married twice, first to Alice Collins, who died in 1939 and with whom he had five children, and then to Mary Cross, who died in 1951. Both of his wives were American, and he latterly lived in New York City, where he died in 1956.


title: Philip Wolfe (engineer)

abstract: Philip Rowland Wolfe MBE is one of the pioneers of the British renewable energy sector. He first became involved in the 1970s, leading various photovoltaics companies until the turn of the century. As Director-General of the Renewable Energy Association he led the campaign for Feed-in Tariffs and the Renewable Heat Incentive. He has written many publications and is responsible for a number of innovations and initiatives. He was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2016 New Year Honours for services to renewable energy and the energy sector.

text:
# Philip Wolfe (engineer)

**Philip Rowland Wolfe** MBE is one of the pioneers of the British renewable energy sector.

He first became involved in the 1970s, leading various photovoltaics companies until the turn of the century. As Director-General of the Renewable Energy Association he led the campaign for Feed-in Tariffs and the Renewable Heat Incentive.

He has written many publications and is responsible for a number of innovations and initiatives.

He was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2016 New Year Honours for services to renewable energy and the energy sector.

## Sustainable energy policy

The campaign for the introduction of the Renewable Heat Incentive and Feed-in tariffs in the United Kingdom was led by Friends of the Earth and the Renewable Energy Association, when Philip Wolfe was Director General, between 2003 and 2009. He edited the first blueprint for these measures to assist early government drafting.

He first proposed the Energy hierarchy, and initiated the consumer assurance REAL Code (since renamed Renewable Energy Consumer Code) for microgeneration.

## Renewable energy industry

As general manager of Lucas Industries' solar power subsidiary in the early 1970s, Philip Wolfe negotiated the joint venture with BP to create what became BP Solar and was its first Chief Executive.

He was a founding director of the European Photovoltaic Industry Association (EPIA, since renamed Solar Power Europe) and its third President from 1987 to 1989. He was a founding director of the Renewable Energy Association and its Director General from 2002 to 2009.

He is an expert on solar parks and has pioneered their introduction in the UK. Following the publication of his book on the subject, he founded the information resource on utility-scale solar power, Wiki-Solar. A series of articles in 2019 explained the differences between individual power plants, solar parks and clusters, and identified the largest in the world at the time.

## Community Energy

His background in utility-scale solar power led to Wolfe's involvement in the community sector when he was appointed as chairman of Westmill Solar Co-operative and led the public offering and acquisition of the world's largest community-owned solar power station.

He was subsequently involved in the creation of Community Energy England, to represent the community energy sector in the United Kingdom, and was its first elected chairman in 2014. He was a member of the British government's Shared Ownership Taskforce, and appointed its vice-chair in 2015.

## Innovation

Amongst Philip Wolfe's innovations were the UK's first: grid-connected solar power station at Marchwood, building-integrated renewables at Energy World in Milton Keynes (opened by then Prime Minister, Margaret Thatcher), and solar roofing slate.

## Publications

### Books

The Solar Generation, Wiley-IEEE

Solar Photovoltaic Projects in the mainstream energy market, Routledge

Sustainable Energy Options for business, DōShorts

### Policy papers

Energy hierarchy

Priorities for low carbon transition, The Policy Network

Preliminary blueprint: Feed-in Tariffs and Renewable Heat Incentive, Renewable Energy Association

## InfoBox

| Philip Wolfe | |
| --- | --- |
| Philip Wolfe in 2012 | |
| Born | 1950<br>Maidenhead, United Kingdom |
| Education | Master of Arts in Engineering, Cambridge University |
| Occupation(s) | Renewable energy developer, author |


title: Philip Wolfe (mathematician)

abstract: Philip Starr "Phil" Wolfe was an American mathematician and one of the founders of convex optimization theory and mathematical programming.

text:
# Philip Wolfe (mathematician)

**Philip Starr "Phil" Wolfe** (August 11, 1927 – December 29, 2016) was an American mathematician and one of the founders of convex optimization theory and mathematical programming.

## Life

Wolfe received his bachelor's degree, masters, and Ph.D. degrees from the University of California, Berkeley. He and his wife, Hallie, lived in Ossining, New York.

## Career

In 1954, he was offered an instructorship at Princeton, where he worked on generalizations of linear programming, such as quadratic programming and general non-linear programming, leading to the Frank–Wolfe algorithm in joint work with Marguerite Frank, then a visitor at Princeton. When Maurice Sion was on sabbatical at the Institute for Advanced Study, Sion and Wolfe published in 1957 an example of a zero-sum game without a minimax value. Wolfe joined RAND corporation in 1957, where he worked with George Dantzig, resulting in the now well known Dantzig–Wolfe decomposition method. In 1965, he moved to IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Yorktown Heights, New York.

## Honors and awards

He received the John von Neumann Theory Prize in 1992, jointly with Alan Hoffman.

## Selected publications

* Dantzig, George B.; Wolfe, Philip (February 1960). "Decomposition Principle for Linear Programs". *Operations Research*. **8** (1): 101–111. doi:10.1287/opre.8.1.101.
* Frank, M.; Wolfe, P. (1956). "An algorithm for quadratic programming". *Naval Research Logistics Quarterly*. **3** (1–2): 95–110. doi:10.1002/nav.3800030109.
* Held, M.; Wolfe, P.; Crowder, H. P. (1974). "Validation of subgradient optimization". *Mathematical Programming*. **6**: 62–88. doi:10.1007/BF01580223. S2CID 206797746.
* Wolfe, P. (1959). "The Simplex Method for Quadratic Programming". *Econometrica*. **27** (3): 382–398. doi:10.2307/1909468. JSTOR 1909468.

## External Information

* INFORMS: Biography of Philip Wolfe from the Institute for Operations Research and the management Sciences

## InfoBox

| Philip Wolfe | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1927-08-11)August 11, 1927
San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Died | December 29, 2016(2016-12-29) (aged 89)
Ossining, New York, U.S. |
| Alma mater | University of California, Berkeley |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Thesis | *I.Games of Infinite Length; II.A Nondegenerate Formulation and Simplex Solution of Linear Programming Problems*  (1954) |
| Doctoral advisor | Edward William Barankin |
|  | |


title: Philip Wong

abstract: Philip Wong Yu-hong, GBS was a politician in Hong Kong who served as a member of the legislative council, a deputy to the National People's Congress and vice-chairman of the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce in Hong Kong. He was also a recipient of the Gold Bauhinia Star award.

text:
# Philip Wong

**Philip Wong Yu-hong**, GBS (Chinese: 黃宜弘; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: *N̂g Gî-hông*; 23 December 1938  6 June 2021) was a politician in Hong Kong who served as a member of the legislative council (Functional constituencies, Commercial \[Second\]), a deputy to the National People's Congress and vice-chairman of the Chinese General Chamber of Commerce in Hong Kong. He was also a recipient of the Gold Bauhinia Star award.

## Criticism

### Academic credentials

On the Legislative council website, Wong was listed to have an M.Sc. degree from the University of California, Berkeley, a Ph.D. degree in engineering from the California Coast University, and a J.D. degree from Southland University.

Share market analyst and Hong Kong activist, David Webb, requested an investigation be launched to check for his possible improper academic credentials. Nothing has come from Webb's request.

The University of California credentials passed muster as well as California Coast University's. California Coast University's bulletin states that it "does not require formal, on-campus residence or classroom attendance" because it is an online-only school accredited by the DEAC. Wong did receive the engineering degree from California Coast University on 27 August 1984, nearly 21 years before the CCU was accredited by the DEAC in January, 2005 (and the PhD programs were dropped as a condition of the school's accreditation); however, California Coast University had full state approval of all academic programs from the State of California which made the degrees legal and academically legitimate nearly everywhere in the world. Southland University is no longer in existence.

### Middle finger incident

During the July 2003 Article 23 march, Wong was filmed to be giving demonstrators the middle finger gesture. Hong Kong Canadian politician Albert Cheng asked in a meeting in October 2004 whether his middle finger gesture has been referred to a committee for consideration. Jasper Tsang, a colleague of Wong, replied that Wong had already apologised the previous day.

## Death

On 6 June 2021, Wong died at the age of 82 after a six-month battle with brain cancer in a hospital in the United States. A memorial was held at AL Moore-Grimshaw Mortuaries Bethany Chapel in Phoenix, Arizona.

## InfoBox

| Philip Wong Yu-hongGBS | |
| --- | --- |
| 黃宜弘 | |
| Wong in 2008 | |
|  | |
| Member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong | |
| **In office**
9 October 1991  30 June 1997 | |
| Preceded by | *New constituency* |
| Succeeded by | *Replaced by Provisional Legislative Council* |
| Constituency | Commercial (Second) |
| **In office**
21 December 1996  30 June 1998
(Provisional Legislative Council) | |
| **In office**
1 July 1998  30 September 2012 | |
| Preceded by | *New parliament* |
| Succeeded by | Martin Liao |
| Constituency | Commercial (Second) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1938-12-23)23 December 1938
Quanzhou, Fujian, China |
| Died | 6 June 2021(2021-06-06) (aged 82)
United States |
| Political party | New Hong Kong Alliance (1990s) |
| Spouse(s) | Josephine Tan (divorced)
Anita Maria Leung Fung-yee |
| Children | Ian Joseph Wong
Kirk Landon Wong
Mark Nathan Wong |
| Parent | Wong Ker-lee (father) |
| Alma mater | University of California, Berkeley (M.Sc.)
Southland University (J.D.)
California Coast University (Ph.D.) |
| Occupation | Businessman |
|  | |


title: Philippe Saive

abstract: Philippe Saive is a male former international table tennis player from Belgium.

text:
# Philippe Saive

**Philippe Saive** is a male former international table tennis player from Belgium.

## Table tennis career

He won a silver medal at the 2001 World Table Tennis Championships in the Swaythling Cup (men's team event) with Martin Bratanov, Marc Closset, Andras Podpinka, and Jean-Michel Saive (his brother) for Belgium.

He competed in three Olympic Games in 1992, 1996, and 2000.

## Personal life

He is the younger brother of retired professional table tennis player Jean-Michel Saive.

## InfoBox

Philippe Saive
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Belgium |
| Born | (1971-07-02) 2 July 1971<br>Liège |
| Medal record      Representing  Belgium   World Table Tennis Championships  2001 Men's Team | |


title: Frá dauða Sinfjötla

abstract: Frá dauða Sinfjötla is a short prose piece found in the Codex Regius manuscript of the Poetic Edda. It describes the death of Sinfjötli, son of Sigmundr, connecting Helgakviða Hundingsbana II and Grípisspá. Borghildr, wife of Sigmundr, wanted Sinfjötli, her stepson, dead, as Sinfjötli had killed her brother. Now it is said, that Sigmundr was so tough, that he could withstand any kind of poison, but his sons could only tolerate it on their skins. Borghildr gave them ale, which Sinfjötli recognized as poisoned. He excused himself for two rounds, but when she brought him the third horn, his father, now drunk, said: "Let your beard filter it, son!" Sinfjötli drank and died at once. The piece is normally published in editions of the Poetic Edda.

text:
# Frá dauða Sinfjötla

**Frá dauða Sinfjötla** ("On the death of Sinfjötli") is a short prose piece found in the Codex Regius manuscript of the *Poetic Edda*. It describes the death of Sinfjötli, son of **Sigmundr**, connecting *Helgakviða Hundingsbana II* and *Grípisspá*.

**Borghildr**, wife of Sigmundr, wanted Sinfjötli, her stepson, dead, as Sinfjötli had killed her brother. Now it is said, that Sigmundr was so tough, that he could withstand any kind of poison, but his sons could only tolerate it on their skins. Borghildr gave them ale, which Sinfjötli recognized as poisoned. He excused himself for two rounds, but when she brought him the third horn, his father, now drunk, said: "Let your beard filter it, son!" Sinfjötli drank and died at once.

The piece is normally published in editions of the *Poetic Edda*.


title: Fráter–Seebach alkylation

abstract: In organic chemistry, the Fráter–Seebach alkylation is a diastereoselective alkylation of chiral beta-hydroxy esters using strong bases. The reaction was first published by Georg Fráter in 1979; in 1980, Dieter Seebach reported about a similar reaction with malic acid ester.

text:
# Fráter–Seebach alkylation

In organic chemistry, the **Fráter–Seebach alkylation** (also known as **Seebach–Fráter alkylation** or **Fráter–Seebach reaction**) is a diastereoselective alkylation of chiral beta-hydroxy esters using strong bases. The reaction was first published by Georg Fráter in 1979; in 1980, Dieter Seebach reported about a similar reaction with malic acid ester.

## Outline and mechanism

Chiral beta-hydroxy esters can be treated with two equivalents of a strong base (lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) or lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (LHMDS) are popular choices) to both remove the proton on the alcohol and enolize the ester.

An alkylating agent (methyl iodide in the case of Fráter's publication) is then added. This attacks from the opposite face of the chiral hydroxyl group to avoid steric hindrance as shown below in the 6-membered transition state with chelating metal ions.

This reaction has since been used in the synthesis of many natural products due to its high yield and diastereoselectivity.


title: Friedrich Schumann (psychologist)

abstract: Friedrich Schumann (1863–1940) was a German psychologist.

text:
# Friedrich Schumann (psychologist)

**Friedrich Schumann** (1863–1940) was a German psychologist.

## Education and career

Friedrich Schumann habilitated in 1892 with Georg Elias Müller in Göttingen. From 1894 to 1905, he was assistant to Carl Stumpf in Berlin. In 1904, he was a founding member of the "Society for Experimental Psychology" in Giessen (renamed "German Psychological Society" in 1929). From 1905 to 1910, he was professor of philosophy in Zürich and director of the psychological laboratory. After the death of Hermann Ebbinghaus (1909), he was co-editor of the "Journal of psychology and physiology of the senses". From 1910 to 1929, he headed the Institute of Psychology in Frankfurt. Led by Schumann, the experimental psychological laboratory in Frankfurt made an important contribution to the formation of the Frankfurt and Berlin School of Gestalt psychology (Max Wertheimer, Kurt Goldstein, Wolfgang Köhler, Kurt Koffka).


title: Phasia aurigera

abstract: Phasia aurigera is a species of tachinid fly.

text:
# Phasia aurigera

***Phasia aurigera*** is a species of tachinid fly.

## Description

Body length 8-13mm.

## Distribution

Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Ukraine, Denmark, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Serbia, Spain, Turkey, Austria, France, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland, North Korea, South Korea, Iran, Russia, China.

## Hosts

Hemiptera \- *Palomena prasina*, *Rhaphigaster nebulosa*, *Coreus marginatus*, *Gonocerus juniperi*, *Gonocerus acuteangulatus*.

## InfoBox

| *Phasia aurigera* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tachinidae |
| Subfamily: | Phasiinae |
| Tribe: | Phasiini |
| Genus: | *Phasia* |
| Species: | ***P. aurigera*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Phasia aurigera***<br>(Egger, 1860) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: Fritillaria pudica

abstract: Fritillaria pudica, the yellow fritillary, is a small perennial plant found in the sagebrush country in the western United States and Canada. It is a member of the lily family Liliaceae. Another common name is "yellow bells", since it has a bell-shaped yellow flower. It may be found in dryish, loose soil; it is amongst the first plants to flower after the snow melts, but the flower does not last very long; as the petals age, they turn a brick-red colour and begin to curl outward. The flowers grow singly or in pairs on the stems, and the floral parts grow in multiples of threes. The species produces a small corm, which forms corms earning the genus the nickname 'riceroot'. During his historic journey, Meriwether Lewis collected a specimen while passing through Idaho in 1806. The corm can be dug up and eaten fresh or cooked; it served Native Americans as a good source of food in times past, and is still eaten occasionally. Today these plants are not common, so digging and eating the corms is not encouraged. The plant is called in Sahaptin.

text:
# Fritillaria pudica

***Fritillaria pudica***, the **yellow fritillary**, is a small perennial plant found in the sagebrush country in the western United States (Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming, very northern California, Nevada, northwestern Colorado, North Dakota and Utah) and Canada (Alberta and British Columbia). It is a member of the lily family Liliaceae. Another common (but somewhat ambiguous) name is **"yellow bells"**, since it has a bell-shaped yellow flower. It may be found in dryish, loose soil; it is amongst the first plants to flower after the snow melts, but the flower does not last very long; as the petals age, they turn a brick-red colour and begin to curl outward. The flowers grow singly or in pairs on the stems, and the floral parts grow in multiples of threes. The species produces a small corm, which forms corms earning the genus the nickname 'riceroot'. During his historic journey, Meriwether Lewis collected a specimen while passing through Idaho in 1806.

The corm can be dug up and eaten fresh or cooked; it served Native Americans as a good source of food in times past, and is still eaten occasionally. Today these plants are not common, so digging and eating the corms is not encouraged. The plant is called \[ˈsɨkni\] in Sahaptin.

## InfoBox

| Yellow fritillary | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Liliales |
| Family: | Liliaceae |
| Subfamily: | Lilioideae |
| Tribe: | Lilieae |
| Genus: | *Fritillaria* |
| Species: | ***F. pudica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Fritillaria pudica***<br>(Pursh) Sprengel | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Amblirion pudicum* (Pursh) Raf. * *Amblirion pudicum* var. *biflorum* Torr. * *Fritillaria dichroa* Gand. * *Fritillaria leucella* Gand. * *Fritillaria oregonensis* Gand. * *Fritillaria oreodoxa* Gand. * *Fritillaria utahensis* Gand. * *Fritillaria washingtonensis* Gand. * *Lilium pudicum* Pursh * *Ochrocodon pudicus* (Pursh) Rydb. * *Theresia pudica* (Pursh) Klatt * *Tulipa pudica* (Pursh) Raf. | |


title: Philippe Sternis

abstract: Philippe Sternis is a French cartoonist. His work is mainly targeted for a children and teenage audience. He is a regular collaborator for the publications of the French press group Bayard Presse, who published his first work in 1974 in the magazine "Record". Since 2005, he has illustrated the children's novels "Princesse Zélina". He is the organizer of the comics festival of Melun Val de Seine, attended by 7000 people every two years.

text:
# Philippe Sternis

**Philippe Sternis** (born September 30, 1952, in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France) is a French cartoonist.

His work is mainly targeted for a children and teenage audience. He is a regular collaborator for the publications of the French press group Bayard Presse, who published his first work in 1974 in the magazine "Record".

Since 2005, he has illustrated the children's novels "Princesse Zélina" (9 of 16 published books are illustrated by Sternis).

He is the organizer of the comics festival of Melun Val de Seine, attended by 7000 people every two years.

## Bibliography

* *Histoire de la vie des hommes* for La Pibole
    + "100.000 dollars pour un troupeau" 1980
* *Snark Saga* \- Sternis and Cothias for BD Okapi.
    + Book 1 : "L'Oiseau Bleu" - 1982
    + Book 2 : "Le Lapin Blanc" - 1983
* Les grandes batailles de l'histoire for Larousse
    + Book 6 : "La Guerre de Sécession" 1984
* *Trafic* \- Sternis and Cothias for BD Okapi, awarded with Prix Jeunesse 9-12 ans at Angoulême International Comics Festival, France in 1985
* *Memory* \- Sternis and Cothias for Glénat
    + Book 1 : "Le Bal des Mandibules" 1986
    + Book 2 : "Le Cargo sous la mer" 1987
    + Book 3 : "le Nécromobile" 1988
* *Mouche* for Bayard
    + Book 1 : "La rivière Fantôme" 1989
    + Book 2 : "Le Bateau d'Antoine" 1992
* *Solo* \- Sternis and Claude Carré 1994 chez Dargaud
* *Pyrénée* \- Sternis and Loisel in 1998 for Vents d'Ouest
* *Robinson* Book 1 - Sternis in 2001 for Vents d'Ouest
* *Mouche - "La rivière Fantôme"* (re-colored reprint) in 2005 for Des Ronds dans l’O


title: Frío Frío

abstract: Frio Frio or Frio, Frio is the lead single of the sixth studio album Areito by Dominican superstar Juan Luis Guerra. The song is considered to be a bachata by many, however it is actually a bolero. It was written based on a poem by Federico García Lorca and was released in August 1991. The track received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for Tropical Salsa Song of the Year at the 4th Lo Nuestro Awards. Frio Frio was a success peaking at number 4 on Billboard Hot Latin Tracks and at the Top 5 airplay in Panama and Uruguay. The track was included on Guerra's greatest hits album Grandes Éxitos Juan Luis Guerra y 440 and Coleccion Romantica (2001). In 2013, a live version of the song with Romeo Santos was released as lead single of Guerra's live album A Son de Guerra Tour (2013).

text:
# Frío Frío

**Frio Frio** or Frio, Frio (English: Cold, Cold) is the lead single of the sixth studio album *Areito* by Dominican superstar *Juan Luis Guerra*. The song is considered to be a bachata by many, however it is actually a bolero. It was written based on a poem by Federico García Lorca and was released in August 1991. The track received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for Tropical Salsa Song of the Year at the 4th Lo Nuestro Awards. Frio Frio was a success peaking at number 4 on Billboard Hot Latin Tracks and at the Top 5 airplay in Panama and Uruguay.

The track was included on Guerra's greatest hits album *Grandes Éxitos Juan Luis Guerra y 440 and Coleccion Romantica (2001).* In 2013, a live version of the song with Romeo Santos was released as lead single of Guerra's live album A Son de Guerra Tour (2013).

## Tracklist

* **Spain 12", Maxi-Single (1993)**
    1. Frio Frio – 4:08
    2. Frio Frio (Kareoke Version) – 4:08
    3. La Bilirrubina
* **Europe CD, Maxi-Single (1993)**
    1. Frio Frio – 4:08
    2. Frio Frio (Instrumental) – 4:08
    3. La Bilirrubina – 4:01

## Charts

### Studio version

| Chart (1991–92) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Panama (UPI) | 5 |
| Uruguay (UPI) | 5 |
| US Hot Latin Songs (*Billboard*) | 4 |

### Live version with Romeo Santos

| Chart (2013) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot Latin Songs (*Billboard*) | 16 |
| US Latin Airplay (*Billboard*) | 15 |
| US Latin Pop Airplay (*Billboard*) | 15 |
| US Tropical Airplay (*Billboard*) | 17 |

1. Lannert, John (July 4, 1992). "Latin Notas" (PDF). *Billboard*. p. 38. Retrieved 2021-04-03.
2. *Travel Holiday*. Travel Magazine, Incorporated. February 1995.
3. "Latin Awards Nominations 1992" (PDF). *Billboard*. May 16, 1992.
4. Lannert, John (July 4, 1992). "Latin Notas" (PDF). *Billboard*. p. 38. Retrieved 2021-04-03.
5. "Take Me Back To November 28, 1991, Thursday". *takemeback.to*. Retrieved 2022-06-23.
6. *Juan Luis Guerra 4.40 - Frio Frio* (in Spanish), retrieved 2022-06-23
7. *Juan Luis Guerra 440 - Frio, Frio* (in Spanish), retrieved 2022-06-23
8. "Discos Mas Populares de Latinoamerica". *El Siglo de Torreón*. October 25, 1991.
9. "Discos Mas Populares de America Latina". *El Siglo de Torreón*. July 3, 1992.
10. "Hot Latin Songs FOR WEEK ENDING OCTOBER 12, 1991" (PDF). *Billboard*.
11. "Romeo Santos Chart History (Hot Latin Songs)". *Billboard*.
12. "Romeo Santos Chart History (Latin Airplay)". *Billboard*.
13. "Romeo Santos Chart History (Latin Pop Songs)". *Billboard*.
14. "Romeo Santos Chart History (Tropical Airplay)". *Billboard*.

## InfoBox

| "Frio Frio" | |
| --- | --- |
| Cover of the 12", Maxi-Single release in Spain | |
| Single by Juan Luis Guerra | |
| from the album  *Areito* | |
| Language | Spanish |
| B-side | "La Bilirrubina" |
| Released | August 1991 |
| Recorded | 1991 |
| Genre | Bachata |
| Length | 4:08 |
| Label | Karem Records |
| Juan Luis Guerra singles chronology | |
| "Bachata Rosa"
(1991) "**Frio Frio**"
(1991) "Señales de Humo"
(1992) | |
|  | |
| Alternative cover | |
|  | |
| Picture for European CD, Maxi-Single releases (1993) | |
|  | |
| Alternative cover | |
|  | |
| Cover for the live version featuring Romeo Santos | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Fuego XII

abstract: Fuego XII is a horse ridden by the Spanish equestrian Juan Manuel Muñoz Diaz in the sport of dressage. He was the 2008 Spanish Grand Prix dressage champion, and placed 22nd at the 2008 Olympics qualifier. Fuego XII won World acclaim and became 'King of Hearts' at the 2010 World Equestrian Games, Kentucky, USA after a spectacular test.

text:
# Fuego XII

**Fuego XII** (born 1998) is a horse ridden by the Spanish equestrian Juan Manuel Muñoz Diaz in the sport of dressage. He was the 2008 Spanish Grand Prix dressage champion, and placed 22nd at the 2008 Olympics qualifier. Fuego XII won World acclaim and became 'King of Hearts' at the 2010 World Equestrian Games, Kentucky, USA after a spectacular test.

## InfoBox

| Fuego XII | |
| --- | --- |
| Breed | Pura Raza Espanola |
| Discipline | Dressage |
| Sire | Utrerano |
| Grandsire | Lebrijano III |
| Dam | Mundana II |
| Maternal grandsire | Elegido III |
| Sex | Stallion |
| Foaled | 1998 |
| Country | Spain |
| Colour | Gray |
| Owner | Miguel Angel Cardenas |