title: Rainbow Valley

abstract: Rainbow Valley (1919) is the seventh book in the chronology of the Anne of Green Gables series of novels by Lucy Maud Montgomery, although it was the fifth book published. Whereas Anne Shirley was the main protagonist of the previous books, this novel focuses more on her six children and their interactions with the children of Anne's new neighbour and Presbyterian minister John Meredith. The work draws heavily on Montgomery's own life in the Leaskdale Manse, where she wrote a large number of her books. The book is dedicated: "To the memory of Goldwin Lapp, Robert Brookes and Morley Shier who made the supreme sacrifice that the happy valleys of their home land might be kept sacred from the ravage of the invader." This refers to World War I, which is the main theme of the next and final book in the series, Rilla of Ingleside.

text:
# Rainbow Valley

***Rainbow Valley*** (1919) is the seventh book in the chronology of the *Anne of Green Gables* series of novels by Lucy Maud Montgomery, although it was the fifth book published. Whereas Anne Shirley was the main protagonist of the previous books, this novel focuses more on her six children and their interactions with the children of Anne's new neighbour and Presbyterian minister John Meredith. The work draws heavily on Montgomery's own life in the Leaskdale Manse, where she wrote a large number of her books.

The book is dedicated: "To the memory of Goldwin Lapp, Robert Brookes and Morley Shier who made the supreme sacrifice that the happy valleys of their home land might be kept sacred from the ravage of the invader." This refers to World War I, which is the main theme of the next and final book in the series, *Rilla of Ingleside*.

## Plot summary

Anne Shirley has now been married to Gilbert Blythe for 15 years, and the couple have six children: Jem, Walter, Nan, Di, Shirley, and Rilla.

After a trip to London, Anne returns to the news that a new minister has arrived in Glen St. Mary. John Meredith is a widower with four young children: Gerald (Jerry), Faith, Una, and Thomas Carlyle (Carl). The children have not been properly brought up since the death of their mother, with only their father (who is easily absorbed by matters of theology) to parent them. The children are considered wild and mischievous by many of the families in the village (who tend only to hear about the Meredith children when they have got into some kind of scrape), causing them to question Mr. Meredith's parenting skills and his suitability as a minister.

For most of the book, only the Blythes know of the Meredith children's loyalty and kindness. They rescue an orphaned girl, Mary Vance, from starvation, and Una finds a home for her with Mrs. Marshall Elliott (Miss Cornelia Bryant). When the children get into trouble, Faith sometimes tries to explain their behaviour to the townsfolk, which generally causes an even bigger scandal.

The Merediths, Blythes, and Mary Vance often play in a hollow called Rainbow Valley, which becomes a gathering place for the children in the book. Jem Blythe tries to help the Merediths behave better by forming the "Good-Conduct Club," in which the Merediths punish themselves for misdeeds. Their self-imposed punishments lead to Carl becoming very ill with pneumonia after spending hours in a graveyard on a wet night, and to Una fainting in church after fasting all day. When this happens, John Meredith is wracked with guilt over his failings as a father.

Mr. Meredith realizes that he should marry again and give the children a mother, though he has always thought he will never love anyone again as he did his late wife. He is surprised to find that he has fallen in love with Rosemary West, a woman in her late thirties who lives with her sister Ellen, who is ten years older. John proposes marriage to Rosemary, but Ellen forbids Rosemary from accepting, as years earlier they had promised each other never to leave the other following the deaths of their parents. However, Ellen eventually reunites with her childhood beau, Norman Douglas, who asks Rosemary to release Ellen from her promise so she can marry Norman. Rosemary agrees, but now thinks that John Meredith hates her.

Una overhears her father expressing feelings for Rosemary and goes to ask Rosemary to marry her father despite her misgivings about stepmothers, who Mary Vance has told her are always mean. Rosemary sets her mind at ease and agrees to speak to John Meredith again. They become engaged, and Rosemary and Ellen plan a double wedding in the Autumn.

## Characters

### The Ingleside children

**James Matthew "Jem" Blythe**: Jem is named for Captain Jim and Anne's foster parent Matthew Cuthbert, or as Anne puts it, "The two finest gentlemen \[she knows\], not even saving Gilbert's presence." The only one of Anne's children born in the House of Dreams, Jem has curly red hair, frank hazel eyes, his mother's nose and his father's mouth. Jem is also the only one with ears nice enough to please Susan. He is sturdy and reliable, not a great talker but a good all-round student. Jem likes to investigate things through, and constantly experiments and observes. This leads him to know a lot about nature, people and the little world the children live in. He is a "chieftain" at school and brought about the 'Good-Conduct Club' with the Manse children. Towards the end of the book, Jem is studying for the entrance to Queen's and, being almost fifteen, does not have as much enthusiasm for playing in Rainbow Valley anymore. However, he likes to fraternize with Faith Meredith. Jem is Marilla's favourite of Anne's children and seems to be closest to Nan.

**Walter Cuthbert Blythe**: Walter is named after Anne's late birth father and adoptive family, Cuthbert, and is considered the most handsome of the children. He has straight black hair and finely modeled features. Walter is thought of by the Glen St. Mary boys as girly and milky-soppish, because he never fights and rarely plays sports, preferring to read books alone. The Meredith children like Walter well, but Mary Vance finds him odd. Walter has all his mother's vivid imagination and love for beauty, and dreams of becoming a poet someday, choosing Paul Irving, one of his mother's pupils, as a model. He shares many of his verses to his sister-chum, Di. The boys at school respect Walter because of his "book talk", and all the more when he fights Dan Reese after Dan insulted Walter, his mother and his friend Faith. At the close of the book he has a vision of 'The Piper' on the hill, piping away, making young men follow him from around the world. This vision is fulfilled in the following book as World War One breaks out.

**Anne "Nan" Blythe**: One of the Ingleside twins, Nan is "Blythe by name and blithe by nature", being a dainty little maiden with velvety nut-brown eyes and silky nut-brown hair. Her complexion is almost flawless, and she is well aware of this. She has many friends, but is thought to be stuck up and proud by the Glen St. Mary ladies because she imitates her mother's tricks, graces and poses. Nan also inherited her mother's imagination, which makes life more interesting, and also gets her into numerous scrapes. "Nan" is named after her mother. She seems to have her eyes on Jerry Meredith, of the Manse. Nan looks like her Grandmother Blythe.

**Diana "Di" Blythe**: Diana is the other Ingleside twin, named after Anne's childhood friend, Diana. She looks a lot like her mother, with red hair and gray-green eyes. She is special chums with her brother Walter, who tells her his secrets and lets her read his poetry. Di is like her father, with similar qualities and personality, having his practical bent and common sense, as well as his twinkling sense of humour. Diana, like her mother before her, regrets her hair colour and wishes her hair was like Nan's. She is very chummy and likes to have a named best friend, which causes several unfortunate events, but she is also quite loyal to her brothers and sisters. Her nickname is pronounced "Die", not "Dee".

**Shirley Blythe**: Anne was very sick after giving birth to Shirley, so the Blythe housekeeper, Susan Baker, took care of him until Anne was well. Shirley goes to her to have his bruises kissed and his cuts washed. Shirley is quiet and doesn't like to be forced to talk, liking to play on his own. He is known as the little brown boy, because he has brown eyes, hair and skin. He is also seen as taking after Gilbert's father, John, in personality. Shirley was named for Anne's maiden name.

**Bertha Marilla "Rilla" Blythe**: The youngest of the Ingleside children, Rilla is named after Anne's late birth mother Bertha and her deceased adoptive "mother" Marilla Cuthbert. She was born a roly-poly plump baby, and remained so until she was seven. She has red hair, like her mother and maternal grandmother, which later turns a ruddy-brown color, and hazel eyes like her father. Rilla is very proud, hates to be teased or to be classed with lower people. She has cherished a crush on Kenneth Ford since age six. Rilla has silly beliefs and ideas, and a fear of being unladylike. She has a lisp, which her mother believes she will grow out of. Later in her life, the lisp only comes back when Rilla is nervous. Rilla, in her teens, regrets being called by her silly childhood nicknames - Rilla or Spider - instead of her respectable and "dignified" first name, Bertha. Rilla seems the only of Mrs Doctor Blythe's flock that isn't ambitious, and her only intention is to have a good time. At the end of the last book of the series, however, Rilla matures into a good, accomplished young woman and loses her childish immature way of acting and thinking.

### The Manse children

**Gerald "Jerry" Meredith** \- Jerry is twelve in the beginning of the book and has his father's black hair and large black eyes, but in him they are flashing instead of dreamy. He has a great sense of self-judgment and is described as being very smart, 'the brightest of all the children in the Glen school'. He is good friends with Jem and Walter. He seems to have a crush on Nan. He is very close to Faith.

**Faith Meredith** \- She is eleven when the book begins. Faith is described as wearing her beauty like a rose, careless and glowing. She has golden-brown curls, crimson cheeks, and golden-brown eyes. She is optimistic, laughs a lot, and has a rather different way of thinking. Faith had a pet rooster named Adam, but he was killed by old aunt Martha and eaten at a special dinner with another minister that night. The bird was eventually replaced by a canary, given to her by Rosemary West. She seems to have a crush on Jem and is great friends with Nan. Faith is also very heedless, and when the Merediths start their 'Good-Conduct Club', Faith seems to be the one who has to be punished most frequently. The Good Conduct Club was a program the children made to punish themselves for any of their actions that could either hurt them, hurt others, or make their family look bad at church. The club eventually died out because the Manse children began to punish themselves in unreasonable ways for actions that weren't very unreasonable (e.g. Carl was afraid of a "ghost" and he had to sit out in the rainy graveyard until 12:00 p.m.) She is known for previously wearing no stockings to church after having given her good pair to a poor girl, and refusing to wear her hideous red-and-blue striped ones as a punishment from the club. She is closest to Jerry.

**Una Meredith** \- Una is ten when the book begins. She is little and dreamy, like her father. She has straight pure black hair and almond-shaped dark blue eyes, with something sad about them. Her mouth sometimes falls open to reveal tiny square teeth and sometimes a shy smile creeps over her face. She is sensitive to public opinion, and is the only one who tries to keep the house clean and neat. Una is said to have an uneasy consciousness that there was something strange about her way of living, and longs to put it right, but doesn't know how. She misses her mother more than her siblings do and seems to have a little fancy for Walter. She is for sure the most thoughtful and caring of the Manse children. She is very frail and weak, and once fainted in church.

**Thomas Carlyle "Carl" Meredith** \- Carl has the fearless, direct, clear blue eyes of his dead mother and brown hair with glints of gold. He is nine at the beginning of the book, and has a fancy for and curiosity towards bugs and animals. He often takes these to his bed or puts them in his pockets. Anne says she believes he will be an environmentalist. Carl has been known to be seriously ill many times, once on the brink of death.

**Mary Vance** \- Mary is a cheeky girl, with tow-colored hair and light blue eyes which the Meredith children call 'white eyes'. Found by the Meredith children in a barn, they take her home and look after her. She is later adopted by Miss Cornelia. Mary is about twelve when she is introduced in the book. She had previously lived with a horrid Mrs. Wiley who whipped her until she ran away. The Manse and Blythe children don't have a terribly strong liking for her, but they 'can't help being nice to her'. They are very much in awe of her boasting and swearing frequently.

## Series

Montgomery continued the story of Anne Shirley in a series of sequels. They are listed in the order of Anne's age in each novel.

*Lucy Maud Montgomery's books on Anne Shirley*
| # | Book | Date published | Anne Shirley's age |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | *Anne of Green Gables* | 1908 | 11  16 |
| 2 | *Anne of Avonlea* | 1909 | 16  18 |
| 3 | *Anne of the Island* | 1915 | 18  22 |
| 4 | *Anne of Windy Poplars* | 1936 | 22  25 |
| 5 | *Anne's House of Dreams* | 1917 | 25  27 |
| 6 | *Anne of Ingleside* | 1939 | 34  40 |
| 7 | *Rainbow Valley* | 1919 | 40  42 |
| 8 | *Rilla of Ingleside* | 1921 | 48  52 |

*Related books in which Anne Shirley plays a lesser part*
| # | Book | Date published | Anne Shirley's age |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | *Chronicles of Avonlea* | 1912 |  |
|  | *Further Chronicles of Avonlea* | 1920 |  |
|  | *The Blythes Are Quoted* | 2009 |  |

## InfoBox

Rainbow Valley
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Lucy Maud Montgomery |
| Illustrator | M. L. Kirk |
| Language | English |
| Series | Anne of Green Gables |
| Genre | Children's Literature |
| Publisher | McClelland & Stewart (Canada)<br>Frederick A. Stokes (US) |
| Publication date | August, 1919 |
| Publication place | Canada |
| Media type | Print (hardback & paperback) |
| Preceded by | *Anne of Ingleside* |
| Followed by | *Rilla of Ingleside* |


title: Nadimul Haque

abstract: Nadimul Haque is a Member of Parliament representing Trinamool Congress in the Rajya Sabha from West Bengal. He is Journalist and Writer by profession.

text:
# Nadimul Haque

**Nadimul Haque** (born: 20 September 1969) is a Member of Parliament representing Trinamool Congress in the Rajya Sabha from West Bengal. He is Journalist and Writer by profession.

## Early life

He did his schooling from Saifee Golden Jubilee English Public School (Saifee Hall) in Kolkata.

He earned the Bachelor of Arts with honors in Political Science at St. Xavier's College, Kolkata under Calcutta University.

## Career

He was nominated in the year May 2012 to Rajya Sabha from West Bengal.

Earlier during October 2009 to March 2012 he was Member of the Rajyasabha Committee of Ministry of Railways and during April 2010 to March 2012 he was Member of the Passenger Services Committee of Ministry of Railways. From May 2011 onward he became Members of various establishments of Government of West Bengal viz Press Accreditation Committee, West Bengal Minority Development & Finance Corporation, Governing Body of Urdu Academy, Mohammedan Burial Board of Kolkata Municipal Corporation, Citizens Committee of Kolkata Police and Nazrul Academy.

From May 2012 onward he is Member of Committee on Urban Development, of Indian Parliament.

## InfoBox

| Md. Nadimul Haque | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office** <br>3 April 2012 | |
| Constituency | West Bengal |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1969-09-20) 20 September 1969 |
| Political party | Trinamool Congress |
|  | |


title: Michele Brooks

abstract: Michele Brooks is a Republican member of the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 50th District. Prior to her election to the State Senate in 2014, she served as a member of Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 17th District and was elected in 2006.

text:
# Michele Brooks

**Michele Brooks** is a Republican member of the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 50th District. Prior to her election to the State Senate in 2014, she served as a member of Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the 17th District and was elected in 2006.

## Personal

Brooks graduated from the Anne Anstine Excellence in Public Services Series. Her professional experience includes being the co-founder and vice president of the Jamestown Future Foundation.

## Public service career

In June 2006, Brooks was selected by the local Republican committee to replace the retiring, ten-year incumbent Rod Wilt on the ballot.

Prior to her election, she served as a member of the Mercer County Commissioners. She also was a member of the Jamestown Borough Council from 1996 through 2002.

## InfoBox

| Michele Brooks | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Pennsylvania Senate
from the 50th district | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
January 6, 2015 (2015-01-06) | |
| Preceded by | Robert D. Robbins |
| Member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives
from the 17th district | |
| **In office**
January 2, 2007  January 6, 2015 | |
| Preceded by | Rod E. Wilt |
| Succeeded by | Parke Wentling |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Guy Brooks |
| Children | 2 children |
| Residence | Jamestown, Pennsylvania |
| Website | Senate Website |
|  | |


title: William Laslett

abstract: William Emmerson Kendrick Laslett was an English lawyer, landowner and Member of Parliament.

text:
# William Laslett

**William Emmerson Kendrick Laslett** (1799 – 26 January 1884) was an English lawyer, landowner and Member of Parliament.

## Early life

Christened in Worcester on 14 October 1799, he was the eldest son of Thomas Emmerson Laslett (1765-1816), a Worcester banker, and his wife Sophia Jenkins (-1836). After attending RGS Worcester and conducting his initial training in a bank, he qualified as a solicitor and as a barrister and practised law in Worcester. His inheritance and his profits were largely invested in land and by 1829 he had acquired the manor and hall of Abberton, which was his residence for the rest of his life.

## Marriage

After the death in 1841 of Robert James Carr, the Bishop of Worcester, which left his eldest daughter Maria Carr (1801-1888) penniless, Laslett offered to marry her and to settle a modest annual income on her. After the wedding at Aldingbourne on 3 February 1842, she went to live with Laslett and his unmarried sister Sophia Laslett (1804-1851) at Abberton Hall. Relations between the three were unsatisfactory and Maria ran away, living in Scotland under an assumed name. In time, Laslett accepted the situation and agreed to a formal separation. Details of this unhappy interlude were used by Ellen Wood in her 1861 novel East Lynne.

## Political career

Standing as a Radical Liberal, he was elected unopposed as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Worcester at a by-election in April 1852, and was re-elected at the subsequent general election and in 1857 and 1859. He resigned from the House of Commons on 6 March 1860 through appointment as Steward of the Chiltern Hundreds. He was again elected for the same constituency in 1868, but was defeated in the 1874 election.

## Charitable donations

With no immediate family and spending little on personal needs, Laslett gave much of his money in private and public charity. He financed restoration or rebuilding of several churches and bought Worcester's old gaol, which he converted into housing for indigent married couples. As of 2021, charitable trusts that he founded are still operating in Worcester and Hinton on the Green, their income coming from land rents.

## Last days

Living alone at Abberton Hall, Laslett died there in 1884. His will was proved on 26 March 1884 with an estate for probate purposes of over 13,000 pounds (equal to about 1.23 million pounds in 2014). One of his executors and his main beneficiary was the Reverend Robert James Baker (1828-1886), his wife's nephew.

## InfoBox

| William Emmerson Kendrick Laslett | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1799
Worcester, Worcestershire, England |
| Died | 26 January 1884(1884-01-26) (aged 84–85)
Abberton, Worcestershire, England |
| Occupation(s) | Solicitor, Member of Parliament |
| Known for | Charitable donations |
| Spouse | Maria Carr |


title: Fiendish Feet

abstract: Fiendish Feet was a brand of low fat dairy yogurts aimed at children, produced by St Ivel in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The yoghurt pots had printed faces on the front and were moulded with feet on the bottom.

text:
# Fiendish Feet

**Fiendish Feet** was a brand of low fat dairy yogurts aimed at children, produced by St Ivel in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The yoghurt pots had printed faces on the front and were moulded with feet on the bottom.

## Flavours

The main yoghurts were sold in multipacks of four flavours: Spooky Wooky (banana flavour), Fangs a Lot (strawberry flavour), Frank 'n' Stein (raspberry flavour), and Rattle 'n' Roll (chocolate flavour). More varieties were introduced later on such as Pharaoh Nuff (toffee flavour).

*
*
*


title: Micropithecus

abstract: Micropithecus is an extinct genus of primates that lived in East Africa about 19 to 15 million years ago, during the early Miocene. The genus and its type species, Micropithecus clarki, were first scientifically described in 1978.

text:
# Micropithecus

***Micropithecus***  is an extinct genus of primates that lived in East Africa about 19 to 15 million years ago, during the early Miocene. The genus and its type species, *Micropithecus clarki*, were first scientifically described in 1978.

## Naming

The generic name, *Micropithecus*, is derived from the Greek Words μικρός (ancient Greek pronounced *mikrós*, "small") and πίθηκος (pronounced *píthēkos*, "monkey"). *Micropithecus* thus means "small ape", referring to the fact that the fossils of this genus are among the smallest fossil apes discovered.

## History of description

The holotype of both the genus and type species, *Micropithecus clarki*, is an upper jaw, which is approximately 19 to 17 million years old, with largely preserved palate bones, and remains of bones of the skull. Also preserved in the upper jaw are three left large molars (M1 - M3), as well as one premolar, and three large molars (M1 - M3) on the right side. In addition, about 20 individually found teeth, a mandible fragment and fragments of a skull dome from the same locality were designated as paratypes.

*Micropithecus* was distinguished from *Limnopithecus*, *Dendropithecus*, *Dryopithecus* and *Pliopithecus* by the characteristics of its dentition and its small size. Furthermore, in the initial description of the genus and type species, it was pointed out that the morphology of the face of these fossil finds most closely resembles gibbons living today. The head-torso length is roughly equivalent to the white-fronted capuchin monkeys, which are only about 35 centimetres tall, and is slightly smaller than that of the fossil of *Aeolopithecus*, now considered a junior synonym of *Propliopithecus*.

## Further finds

In 1989, a second species was attributed to the genus *Micropithecus*, *Micropithecus leakeyorum*. These are finds from the *Maboko Main* excavation site on Maboko Island in Lake Victoria, Kenya, dating from 16 to 15 million years ago. This species was placed in the genus *Micropithecus* based on several mandibular fragments with preserved large molars and on the basis of the characteristics of these teeth, but at the same time it was distinguished from the type species because of the spatial and temporal distance.

In 2021, as part of a revision of the small-bodied anthropoids from Kenyan sites, some finds placed since 1982 with *Micropithecus clarki* were separated from them as *Micropithecus chamtwaraensis*; the epithet, *chamtwaraensis*, refers to the name of the Chamtwara Formation (see List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kenya) in the area of 'Site 34' near the locality of Koru. The holotype is a largely preserved dentate mandible (archive number KNM CA 380).

## Palaeoecology

In the first description of *Micropithecus leakeyorum*, it was discussed that there is no other example in East Africa in the Miocene besides *Nyanzapithecus* and *Micropithecus* for a genus of primates existing over several million years whose species could be documented in chronological succession. However, it cannot be concluded from this sequence that the younger species evolved from the older one. The preserved remains of *Micropithecus clarki* show numerous original features of the Old World monkey, but also various younger features, such as relatively small molars in relation to the jawbone and very large incisors compared to the molars; features that overall suggest a fruit-rich diet. *Micropithecus leakeyorum* also has features indicative of a fruit-rich diet, but these features are less pronounced than in its older sister species. This has been interpreted as a presumed consequence of less specialisation on a particular diet, giving this species a morphological proximity to the more primitive, much older, Old World monkeys from East Africa.

An explanation for these different characteristics can be found if one considers the palaeoecology: About 19 million years ago, what is now Uganda and western Kenya were predominantly covered by forests, fostered by a warm and humid tropical climate. Later, the climate in this region changed and the forests became thinner and drier. The cause of these changes was probably tectonic processes, which also had a local influence on the extent of precipitation. For the excavation sites on Maboko Island, detailed studies of the plant world have shown that open, sparsely forested landscapes existed there in the Middle Miocene with dense gallery forests along the rivers, comparable to the vegetation of today's Nyika National Park. In such biotopes, it was concluded, the ancestors of *Micropithecus leakeyorum* gradually adapted to a broader diet that included harder plant fibres.

## InfoBox

| *Micropithecus*
Temporal range: Miocene
~ | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Suborder: | Haplorhini |
| Infraorder: | Simiiformes |
| Parvorder: | Catarrhini |
| Genus: | *Micropithecus*
Fleagle & Simons, 1978 |
|
| Species | |
| * ***M. clarki*** (Fleagle & Simons, 1978) * ***M. leakeyorum*** (Harrison, 1989) * ***M. chamtwaraensis*** (Pickford et al., 2021) | |


title: Rhynchozoon

abstract:
Rhynchozoon is a genus of bryozoans belonging to the family Phidoloporidae. The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution. Species:
  - Rhynchozoon abscondum Florence, Hayward & Gibbons, 2007
  - Rhynchozoon adamanteus Tilbrook, 2006
  - Rhynchozoon angulatum Levinsen, 1909
  - Rhynchozoon ardeolum Ryland & Hayward, 1992
  - Rhynchozoon attina Tilbrook, 2006
  - Rhynchozoon beatulum Hayward & Cook, 1983
  - Rhynchozoon bifurcum Harmer, 1957
  - Rhynchozoon bispinosum
  - Rhynchozoon brasiliensis Almeida, Souza, Menegola & Vieira, 2017
  - Rhynchozoon capoblanquense Weisbord, 1967
  - Rhynchozoon caribense Weisbord, 1967
  - Rhynchozoon celestinoi Souto, Reverter-Gil & Fernández-Pulpeiro, 2010
  - Rhynchozoon coalitum Vieira, Gordon, Souza & Haddad, 2010
  - Rhynchozoon compactum
  - Rhynchozoon complanatum
  - Rhynchozoon confusum
  - Rhynchozoon corniculatum
  - Rhynchozoon corniger Canu & Bassler, 1928
  - Rhynchozoon crenulatum
  - Rhynchozoon curtum Canu & Bassler, 1923
  - Rhynchozoon cutleriana
  - Rhynchozoon decoratum Winston & Jackson, 2021
  - Rhynchozoon delicatulum
  - Rhynchozoon detectum Harmer, 1957
  - Rhynchozoon digitatum
  - Rhynchozoon discus
  - Rhynchozoon documentum Hayward & Cook, 1983
  - Rhynchozoon exigua
  - Rhynchozoon ferocula Hayward, 1988
  - Rhynchozoon fistulosum Hayward, 1993
  - Rhynchozoon fulgidum O'Donoghue & de Watteville, 1935
  - Rhynchozoon glabrum Dick, Grischenko & Mawatari, 2005
  - Rhynchozoon globosum Harmer, 1957
  - Rhynchozoon grandicella Canu & Bassler, 1923
  - Rhynchozoon grandiporosum
  - Rhynchozoon haha Hayward, 1988
  - Rhynchozoon heteromorpha
  - Rhynchozoon incallidum Hayward & Cook, 1983
  - Rhynchozoon inclemens Gordon, 1989
  - Rhynchozoon incomitatum Tilbrook, 2006
  - Rhynchozoon incrassatum
  - Rhynchozoon incurvata
  - Rhynchozoon itaparicaensis Almeida, Souza, Farias, Alves & Vieira, 2018
  - Rhynchozoon krouzkovensis Zágoršek, 2010
  - Rhynchozoon larreyi
  - Rhynchozoon laterale Harmer, 1957
  - Rhynchozoon latiavicularium Dick, Ngai & Doan, 2020
  - Rhynchozoon leognanensis Vigneaux, 1949
  - Rhynchozoon levigatum Canu & Bassler, 1923
  - Rhynchozoon ligulatum Gordon & d'Hondt, 1997
  - Rhynchozoon limatulum Ryland & Hayward, 1992
  - Rhynchozoon lobulatum
  - Rhynchozoon longirostris
  - Rhynchozoon lunifrons Dick & Grischenko, 2016
  - Rhynchozoon maculosum Dick & Grischenko, 2016
  - Rhynchozoon monoceros
  - Rhynchozoon multiformatatum Liu, 2001
  - Rhynchozoon nasutum Marcus, 1938
  - Rhynchozoon neapolitanum Gautier, 1962
  - Rhynchozoon notialis Winston & Jackson, 2021
  - Rhynchozoon nudum Canu & Bassler, 1927
  - Rhynchozoon obliquimandibulatum Liu, 2001
  - Rhynchozoon oscitans Hayward & Cook, 1983
  - Rhynchozoon oslavanensis Zágoršek, 2010
  - Rhynchozoon paa Uttley & Bullivant, 1972
  - Rhynchozoon papuliferum Souto, Kaufmann & Canning-Clode, 2015
  - Rhynchozoon phrynoglossum Marcus, 1937
  - Rhynchozoon profundum
  - Rhynchozoon pseudodigitatum Zabala & Maluquer, 1988
  - Rhynchozoon ptarmicum Hayward & Cook, 1983
  - Rhynchozoon pustulans Hayward, 1988
  - Rhynchozoon quadratus Hara, 2001
  - Rhynchozoon quadrispinatum Zabala & Maluquer, 1988
  - Rhynchozoon rosae Souto, Reverter-Gil & Fernández-Pulpeiro, 2010
  - Rhynchozoon rostratum
  - Rhynchozoon ryukyuense Dick & Grischenko, 2016
  - Rhynchozoon scimitar Dick & Grischenko, 2016
  - Rhynchozoon scopulorum Ryland & Hayward, 1992
  - Rhynchozoon setiavicularium Dick, Ngai & Doan, 2020
  - Rhynchozoon sexaspinatum Winston & Woollacott, 2009
  - Rhynchozoon solidum Osburn, 1914
  - Rhynchozoon solitarium Tilbrook, 2006
  - Rhynchozoon spicatum Osburn, 1952
  - Rhynchozoon spiniferum
  - Rhynchozoon splendens Hayward, 1988
  - Rhynchozoon stomachosum Hayward & Cook, 1983
  - Rhynchozoon taoraensis Tilbrook, 2006
  - Rhynchozoon triangulare Harmer, 1957
  - Rhynchozoon tristelidion Tilbrook, 2006
  - Rhynchozoon tuberosum Canu & Bassler, 1927
  - Rhynchozoon tubulosum
  - Rhynchozoon tumulosum
  - Rhynchozoon unispinatum Winston & Jackson, 2021
  - Rhynchozoon verruculatum
  - Rhynchozoon zealandicum Gordon, 2009

text:
# Rhynchozoon

***Rhynchozoon*** is a genus of bryozoans belonging to the family Phidoloporidae.

The genus has almost cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

## InfoBox

| *Rhynchozoon* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Rhynchozoon* sp. | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Bryozoa |
| Class: | Gymnolaemata |
| Order: | Cheilostomatida |
| Family: | Phidoloporidae |
| Genus: | *Rhynchozoon*<br>Hincks, 1895 |
|


title: Palazzo San Demetrio, Catania

abstract: The Palazzo San Demetrio is a late-Baroque style palace located at via Etna #55, where via Etna intersects Via San Giuliano, in the city center of Catania, region of Sicily, Italy. The palace is remarkable for its highly sculptural portal. Once called Palazzo Massa di San Gregorio, because the present facade dates to the reconstruction after the 1693 Sicily earthquake. The structure was commissioned by the Baron of San Gregorio, Don Eusebio Massa. In 1714, the palace was acquired by Salvatore Pellegrino, Baron of San Demetrio. Sold in the early 20th century, it underwent varied refurbishments and internal alterations. In April 1944, the palace was destroyed during an allied bombardment, and 70 people who had sought refuge in the palace died. The palace was rebuilt with the same stones.

text:
# Palazzo San Demetrio, Catania

The **Palazzo San Demetrio** is a late-Baroque style palace located at via Etna #55, where via Etna intersects Via San Giuliano, in the city center of Catania, region of Sicily, Italy. The palace is remarkable for its highly sculptural portal.

Once called Palazzo Massa di San Gregorio, because the present facade dates to the reconstruction after the 1693 Sicily earthquake. The structure was commissioned by the Baron of San Gregorio, Don Eusebio Massa. In 1714, the palace was acquired by Salvatore Pellegrino, Baron of San Demetrio. Sold in the early 20th century, it underwent varied refurbishments and internal alterations. In April 1944, the palace was destroyed during an allied bombardment, and 70 people who had sought refuge in the palace died. The palace was rebuilt with the same stones.

* Francesco Fichera, Catania nel '700. Catania, Brancato Editore, 2003. ISBN 88-8031-425-4
* Salvatore Nicolosi, La guerra a Catania. Catania, C. Tringale Editore, 1984.


title: Remternetug

abstract: Remternetug is an experimental anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody that targets pyroglutamate Aβ. It is developed by Eli Lilly and Company.

text:
# Remternetug

**Remternetug** is an experimental anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody that targets pyroglutamate Aβ. It is developed by Eli Lilly and Company.

## InfoBox

Remternetug
| Monoclonal antibody | |
| --- | --- |
| Type | ? |
| Clinical data | |
| Other names | LY3372993; LY-3372993 |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | * Investigational |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| UNII |  |


title: Aga

abstract: Aga or AGA may refer to:

text:
# Aga

**Aga** or **AGA** may refer to:

## Business

## People

### Given name

* Aga of Kish, Ensi of Kish and King of Sumer
* Ağa Aşurov (1880–1936), Azerbaijani statesman
* Aga Muhlach (born 1969), Filipino actor and producer
* Aga Zaryan (born 1976), Polish vocalist
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian female first name Agafa
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian male first name Agafangel
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian male first name Agafon
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian male first name Agafonik
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian male first name Agap
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian female first name Agapa
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian male first name Agapit
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian female first name Agapiya
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian female first name Agata (a variant of Agatha)
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian male first name Agav
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian male first name Agavva
* Aga, a diminutive of the Russian female first name Avgusta

### Surname

## Groups

## Medicine

## Places

## Other


title: Rainbow Valley (film)

abstract: Rainbow Valley is a 1935 American Western film released by Monogram Pictures, written by Lindsley Parsons, directed by Robert N. Bradbury and starring John Wayne and Gabby Hayes.

text:
# Rainbow Valley (film)

***Rainbow Valley*** is a 1935 American Western film released by Monogram Pictures, written by Lindsley Parsons, directed by Robert N. Bradbury and starring John Wayne and Gabby Hayes.

## Plot

Riding to the small town of Rainbow Valley, John Martin meets George, the mailman for the area, who is looking for water for his car. Martin, surprised to see a car, gives George his canteen of water. Farther down the road, highwaymen have set up an ambush for George. Martin, who is following on horseback, drives off the highwaymen.

Martin takes George to the town doctor. Eleanor, the postmistress, is suspicious of Martin, but George explains how he fought off the gang. The townspeople are tired of being terrorized by the highwaymen. They are circulating a petition to the governor for assistance in completing their road and ridding it of the gang, which is led by Rogers, a wealthy landowner whose goal is to drive out the townspeople and buy their land cheaply.

Martin went to school for engineering, and volunteers to take charge of the road work. With Martin's encouragement, the road workers start defending themselves against gang attacks. A shoot-out occurs, and George uses dynamite to fend off the attackers.

Rogers walks into the Post Office and steals the road petition, substituting another petition to release a gang member, Butch, from jail. The gang also steals all the remaining dynamite.

Two weeks later, Martin and George wonder why they have not heard any response to the petition. At the gang hideout, the pardoned Butch wants to see Martin, who was his cellmate in jail. Martin seems happy to hear that Butch is in town, and meets with him. He agrees to destroy the road in return for a cut of the profits when the townspeople sell out.

The townspeople gather and talk about how Martin has betrayed them. Powell issues a call to arms. George and Eleanor find a letter from the governor. Martin is actually an undercover agent who is trying to bust the gang.

The mob approaches the gang and Martin. A shoot-out begins between the townspeople and the gang. Butch sets off the dynamite, killing Rogers and all of his men. Martin arrests Butch and explains his undercover assignment to the townspeople.

George drives his car up to the hill and remarks on the road's success. In the back seat of the car, Martin and Eleanor are kissing.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Rainbow Valley | |
| --- | --- |
| Film poster | |
| Directed by | Robert N. Bradbury |
| Written by | Lindsley Parsons |
| Produced by | Paul Malvern |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | * William Hyer * Archie Stout |
| Edited by | Carl Pierson |
| Distributed by | Monogram Pictures |
| Release date | * March 15, 1935 (1935-03-15) |
| Running time | 52 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Nagin Aur Lootere

abstract: Nagin Aur Lootere is a Hindi action fantasy film of Bollywood which was directed and produced by Mohan T. Gehani. This movie was released in 1992 in the banner of Devi Films.

text:
# Nagin Aur Lootere

***Nagin Aur Lootere*** is a Hindi action fantasy film of Bollywood which was directed and produced by Mohan T. Gehani. This movie was released in 1992 in the banner of Devi Films.

## Plot

A married couple having no child, prayed to Snake God Nagraj. The lord Nagraj appears before them and grants their wish. A boy is born named Nagesh. Nagesh has grown up, and become a Police Inspector. One day a lady Rajni appears, meets Nagesh's mother and tells her that she was Nagesh's wife in previous birth. She is the daughter of Nagraj, who had told her that she could claim him as her husband after growing up. Fearing for the safety of Nagesh, his mother gets him married to another woman, Neelam, the daughter of a Priest. This incident now set for a confrontation between the Nilam and Rajni. But things change dramatically when Nagesh is photographed having an affair with a woman named Julie, who is subsequently murdered. Police find the connection of Nagesh to this murder; he is dismissed from the service Police and imprisoned. The court found him guilty and sentenced him to be hanged. Now both Nilam and Rajni come to know about the sentence and steps each will take to claim Nagesh as her own.

## Cast

## Music

1. " Aao Pyar Karein" - Udit Narayan, Kavita Krishnamurthy
2. "Hum Do Raahi Chor Sipaahi" - Sudesh Bhosle
3. "Main Hoon Naagin Aur Tum Ho Lutere" - Sadhana Sargam
4. "Sau Sau Janmon Wala" - Kumar Sanu, Sadhana Sargam
5. "Sun Sun Bhagwan" - Kavita Krishnamurthy

## InfoBox

| Nagin Aur Lootere | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Mohan T Gehani |
| Written by | Mahendra Delhvi |
| Produced by | Mohan T Gehani |
| Starring | Anupam Kher
Shakti Kapoor
Neelima Azeem
Kader Khan
Goga Kapoor |
| Edited by | Rajan Mahajan |
| Production
company | Devi Films |
| Release date | * 1992 (1992) |
| Running time | 125 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindi |


title: Michele Bruno

abstract: Michele Bruno (1941-2016) was a South African drag queen and hairdresser. Bruno lived in Johannesburg and came to perform drag in the 1960s. He was the first Miss Gay South Africa in 1969.

text:
# Michele Bruno

**Michele Bruno** (1941-2016) was a South African drag queen and hairdresser. Bruno lived in Johannesburg and came to perform drag in the 1960s. He was the first Miss Gay South Africa in 1969.

## Biography

Bruno was born in 1941 and his parents were Italian immigrants to South Africa. By 1960, Bruno was performing as a drag queen, though his day job was working as a hairdresser in Johannesburg. Bruno used male pronouns and was considered "gender-variant."

In 1960, Bruno was involved in the first commercial drag show at the Jewish Guild Theatre. Bruno received some infamy after being arrested for "masquerading as a woman" in the 1966 Forest Town raid. Bruno's name, along with other attendees was printed in the paper. In 1969, Bruno was named the first Miss Gay South Africa.

Bruno continued to work as a hairdresser until his death in 2016. He was one of the subjects of an exhibition at Museum Africa, "Joburg Tracks." A 1997 oral history by Bruno and an archive of materials saved by Bruno is part of the Gay and Lesbian Memory in Action (GALA) collection.

## InfoBox

| Michele Bruno | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1941 |
| Died | 2016 (aged 7475) |
| Nationality | South African |
| Occupations | * Drag queen * hairdresser |


title: Monnett Memorial M. E. Chapel

abstract: Monnett Memorial M. E. Chapel is a historic church at 999 OH 98 in Bucyrus, Ohio. It was built in 1901 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

text:
# Monnett Memorial M. E. Chapel

**Monnett Memorial M. E. Chapel** (Monnett Chapel) is a historic church at 999 OH 98 in Bucyrus, Ohio.

It was built in 1901 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

## History

The congregation traces its history back to 1828, when Issac Monnett held services in his own home. The original chapel was built in 1849 by Jeremiah Monnett, a relative of Mary Monnett Bain. It had between 12 and 17 members during the 1890s. That number dropped to 6 in the year prior to the completion of the new chapel.

Construction on the new building was begun in 1902. Its main floor seating capacity was 300, and featured an organ-loft. It was built of blue limestone and the pulpit was oak. The new, heated chapel was dedicated August 28, 1904 and featured a "Sunday School Room". The cost for structure was $8,500, much of the cost was funded by a gift from the late Placidia Shaw, a granddaughter of Jeremiah Monnett. By 1908, its membership had grown to 53.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Monnett Memorial M. E. Chapel | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Front and northern side of the church | |
|  | |
| Location | 999 OH 98, Bucyrus, Ohio |
| Coordinates | 40°44′21″N 82°59′35″W / 40.73917°N 82.99306°W / 40.73917; -82.99306 |
| Area | 2.3 acres (0.93 ha) |
| Built | 1901 |
| Built by | R. C. Taylor |
| Architect | Frank Packard |
| Architectural style | English Country Motif |
| NRHP reference No. | 86003494 |
| Added to NRHP | December 29, 1986 |


title: Fiji at the 1976 Summer Olympics

text:
# Fiji at the 1976 Summer Olympics

Fiji sent a delegation to compete at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, from 17 July to 1 August 1976. This was the nation's fifth appearance at a Summer Olympic Games. Their first appearance was at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. Fiji's delegation consisted of two competitors. Tony Moore who made it to the quarter-finals of the 200m sprint and round 1 in the 100m sprint. After not starting in the 400m sprint, he only made the qualification stage of the long jump. The other athlete was Miriama Tuisorisori-Chambault who competed in the women's pentathlon and long jump. She finished 18th overall in the pentathlon and 27th in qualifying for the long jump. She would not start in the 100m hurdles.

## Background

The Fiji Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee (FASNOC) was recognized by the International Olympic Committee on 1 January 1955. The following year the country debuted at the 1956 Summer Olympics held in Melbourne, Australia, with five athletes competing in three different sports. After competing in the following games in 1960, they missed the subsequent edition before returning for the 1968 Summer Olympics held in Mexico City and the following edition before the Olympics in 1976. The 1976 Summer Olympics were held in Montreal, Quebec, Canada from 17 July to 1 August 1976; a total of 6,084 athletes representing 92 National Olympic Committees took part. Fiji sent two athletes to Montreal, Tony Moore and Miriama Tuisorisori-Chambault who was also the flag bearer for Fiji. They competed in five events throughout the games (as both of them were in their respective long jump events) with both of them not starting in an event.

## Athletics

Tony Moore was 24 years old at the time of the 1976 Summer Olympics, competing in his only Olympics. He competed in the men's 100 metres on 23 July where in heat nine he finished last with a time of 11.16 seconds. Two days later on 25 July, he competed in the heats of the men's 200 metres finishing in fourth place in the sixth heat. In the quarter-finals he competed in the third quarter final. He would go on to finish in seventh place in his heat being almost six tenths ahead of last place runner, Abdul Aziz Abdul Kareem from Kuwait. After not starting the 400 meters event on 26 July, his final event was the long jump with qualifying being held on 28 July. In his qualifying group he finished in 15th place in Group B and 31st overall with a jump of 6.81 metres.

The other athlete who competed for Fiji was Miriama Tuisorisori-Chambault who competed in her first of two Olympic Games. Her first event was on 23 July in the preliminaries of the women's long jump. She finished in 14th place in her qualifying group and 27th overall with a jump of 5.79 metres. Two days later, she competed in the women's pentathlon which included five athletic disciplines held over two days. Her best result over the two days was in the 200 metres where she finished 13th with a time of 24.89. Her other results in the pentathlon was 19th (100m hurdles), 20th (Shot put), 20th (high jump) and 15th (long jump) to finish 18th overall with 3,827 points. On 28 July, she was entered for the 100 metres hurdles but she did not start.

**Track & road events**

| Athletes | Events | Heat | | Quarter finals | | Semi finals | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Tony Moore | Men's 100 m | 11.16 | 7 | *Did Not Advance* | | | | | |
| | Men's 200 m | 21.82 | 4 **Q** | 21.75 | 7 | *Did Not Advance* | | | |
| | Men's 400 m | *Did Not Start* | | | | | | | |
| Miriama Tuisorisori-Chambault | Women's 100 m hurdles | *Did Not Start* | | | | | | | |

**Field events**

| Athletes | Events | Qualification | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Tony Moore | Men's long jump | 6.81 | 15 | *Did Not Advance* | |
| Miriama Tuisorisori-Chambault | Women's long jump | 5.79 | 27 | *Did Not Advance* | |

**Combined events – Women's pentathlon**

| Athlete | Event | 100mh | SP | HJ | LJ | 200m | Points | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Miriama Tuisorisori-Chambault | Result | 14.78 | 9.38 | 1.55 | 5.84 | 24.89 | 3827 | 18 |
| | Rank | 19 | 20 | 20 | 15 | | | 13 |

## InfoBox

| Fiji at the<br>1976 Summer Olympics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | FIJ |
| NOC | Fiji Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee |
| Website | www.fasanoc.org.fj |
| in Montreal | |
| Competitors | 2 in 1 sport |
| Flag bearer | Miriama Tuisorisori-Chambault |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| Summer Olympics appearances (overview) | |
|  | |


title: Michele Brown (New Jersey official)

abstract: Michele Brown is he President and CEO of Choose New Jersey, Inc. She became the CEO of the New Jersey Economic Development Authority (EDA) in 2012 and in 2015 became the head of Choose New Jersey, a private group which, similar to the EDA, seeks to enhance investment in the state.

text:
# Michele Brown (New Jersey official)

**Michele Brown** is he President and CEO of Choose New Jersey, Inc. She became the CEO of the New Jersey Economic Development Authority (EDA) in 2012 and in 2015 became the head of Choose New Jersey, a private group which, similar to the EDA, seeks to enhance investment in the state.

## Life and career

Michelle Brown, a Trenton native, received a B.A. degree from Drew University and earned her law degree from Georgetown University Law Center. She became a federal prosecutor, later becoming Acting First Assistant US Attorney.

On August 18, 2009, Governor Chris Christie acknowledged that he had loaned $46,000 to Brown in 2007, while serving as her superior as the state's U.S. attorney, and that he had failed to report either the loan or its monthly $500 interest payments on both his income tax returns and his mandatory financial disclosure report to the New Jersey Election Law Enforcement Commission. In response to the disclosure of the financial relationship between Christie and Brown, State Senator Loretta Weinberg, the Democratic candidate for lieutenant governor, called on Brown to recuse herself from the task of retrieving U.S. Attorney’s Office records requested by the Corzine campaign under the Freedom of Information Act. On August 25, 2009, Brown resigned from her post, stating that she does not want to be "a distraction" for the office.

Brown was Appointments Counsel for Governor Chris Christie. She was appointed CEO of the New Jersey Economic Development Authority (EDA) in October 2012. During that time, the EDA administered $460 million of federal funds for Hurricane Sandy relief including the ad campaign Stronger than the Storm.

In January 2015, she became head of Choose New Jersey, a non-profit organisation that promotes business in the state.


title: Rhagoletis ferruginea

abstract: Rhagoletis ferruginea is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Rhagoletis of the family Tephritidae.

text:
# Rhagoletis ferruginea

***Rhagoletis ferruginea*** is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus *Rhagoletis* of the family Tephritidae.

## InfoBox

| *Rhagoletis ferruginea* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tephritidae |
| Genus: | *Rhagoletis* |
| Species: | ***R. ferruginea*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Rhagoletis ferruginea***<br>Hendel, 1927 | |
|


title: Palazzo San Giacomo, Naples

abstract: The Palazzo San Giacomo, known as the Municipio is a Neoclassical style palace in central Naples, Italy. It stands before the fortress of the Maschio Angioino, stradling the zones of Porto and San Ferdinando. It houses the mayor and the offices of the municipality of Naples. The entire office complex spans from largo de Castello to Via Toledo, along via di San Giacomo. In 1816, King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies commissioned the construction of a centralized building to house the various ministries of the government. The area for this palace was chosen, and the buildings therein were either demolished or incorporated including the monastery and church of the Concezione, the Hospital of San Giacomo, and the offices of the Bank of San Giacomo. The church of San Giacomo degli Spagnoli was incorporated into the palace. The architects were Vincenzo Buonocore, Antonio De Simone, and Stefano Gasse. Work was only completed in 1825. In the atrium are two statues of Kings Ruggiero the Norman and Frederick of Swabia. The statues of the Bourbon Kings, Ferdinand I and Francesco I of the Two Sicilies, that once stood in niches here, were substituted by allegorical figures. The entry way also has a head from a bust which has been assigned to the mythical representative of Naples, the siren Parthenope.

text:
# Palazzo San Giacomo, Naples

The **Palazzo San Giacomo**, known as the **Municipio** (city hall) is a Neoclassical style palace in central Naples, Italy. It stands before the fortress of the Maschio Angioino, stradling the zones of Porto and San Ferdinando. It houses the mayor and the offices of the municipality of Naples. The entire office complex spans from largo de Castello to Via Toledo, along via di San Giacomo.

In 1816, King Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies commissioned the construction of a centralized building to house the various ministries of the government. The area for this palace was chosen, and the buildings therein were either demolished or incorporated including the monastery and church of the Concezione (once known as Santa Maria Fior delle Vergini), the Hospital of San Giacomo, and the offices of the Bank of San Giacomo. The church of San Giacomo degli Spagnoli was incorporated into the palace.

The architects were Vincenzo Buonocore, Antonio De Simone, and Stefano Gasse. Work was only completed in 1825. In the atrium are two statues of Kings Ruggiero the Norman and Frederick of Swabia. The statues of the Bourbon Kings, Ferdinand I and Francesco I of the Two Sicilies, that once stood in niches here, were substituted by allegorical figures. The entry way also has a head from a bust which has been assigned to the mythical representative of Naples, the siren Parthenope.

## InfoBox

| Palace of San Giacomo | |
| --- | --- |
| Palazzo San Giacomo | |
| Palazzo San Giacomo façade | |
|  | |
| Alternative names | Palazzo del Municipio |
| General information | |
| Status | Office of the Mayor of Naples |
| Type | Palace |
| Architectural style | Neo-Classical |
| Location | Naples, Italy |
| Address | Piazza del Municipio, 80132 |
| Coordinates | 40°50′25″N 14°15′00″E / 40.8403°N 14.2500°E / 40.8403; 14.2500 |
| Current tenants | Municipality of Naples |
| Construction started | 1819 |
| Completed | 1825 |
| Client | Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies |
| Owner | Kingdom of the Two Sicilies |
| Landlord | Municipality of Naples |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 4 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Stefano Gasse |
| Website | |
| Comune of Naples (in Italian) | |
|  | |
| Invalid designation | |
| Official name | Palazzo San Giacomo |
| Type | Non-movable |
| Criteria | Monument |
| State Party | Italy |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Günay Karacaoğlu

abstract: Günay Karacaoğlu is a Turkish actress. She is known for hit comedy series "Yarım Elma" and period parody films "Kahpe Bizans", "Dede Korkut Hikayeleri: Deli Dumrul". Karacaoğlu was born on 13 March 1971 in Kayseri as the third child of her family. She moved with her family to Istanbul in 1976. During her high school years, she participated in a theatre festival where she was awarded as the Best Actress. In 1991, she enrolled in the Müjdat Gezen Art Center and graduated in 1995. Karacaoğlu made her debut as an actress in 1994 with a recurring role in the hit series "Şehnaz Tango" and "Yeditepe İstanbul". She played for her role in the series "Gönülçelen" and "20 Dakika" in which she starred alongside Tuba Büyüküstün for twice. An award-winning stage actress, Karacaoğlu went on stage in a one-woman show titled Aşk Ölsün in 2019. In 2021, she was cast in the romantic comedy Aşk Mantık İntikam.

text:
# Günay Karacaoğlu

**Günay Karacaoğlu** (born 13 March 1971) is a Turkish actress. She is known for hit comedy series "Yarım Elma" and period parody films "Kahpe Bizans", "Dede Korkut Hikayeleri: Deli Dumrul".

Karacaoğlu was born on 13 March 1971 in Kayseri as the third child of her family. She moved with her family to Istanbul in 1976. During her high school years, she participated in a theatre festival where she was awarded as the Best Actress. In 1991, she enrolled in the Müjdat Gezen Art Center and graduated in 1995.

Karacaoğlu made her debut as an actress in 1994 with a recurring role in the hit series "Şehnaz Tango" and "Yeditepe İstanbul". She played for her role in the series "Gönülçelen" and "20 Dakika" in which she starred alongside Tuba Büyüküstün for twice. An award-winning stage actress, Karacaoğlu went on stage in a one-woman show titled *Aşk Ölsün* in 2019. In 2021, she was cast in the romantic comedy *Aşk Mantık İntikam*.

## Filmography

## Awards

* 2009: Muhsin Ertuğrul Theatre Awards, "Best Actress in a Comedy Role"
* 2009: Sadri Alışık Theatre Awards, "Best Actress in a Comedy Role"
* 2009: Afife Jale Theatre Awards, "Best Actress in a Comedy Role"
* 2018: XVIII. Direct Audience Awards, "Best Comedy Actress", *Artiz Mektebi*, Müjdat Gezen Theatre

## InfoBox

| Günay Karacaoğlu | |
| --- | --- |
| Karacaoğlu in 2016 | |
| Born | (1971-03-13) 13 March 1971<br>Kayseri, Turkey |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1994–present |
| Spouses | *   Şevket Çoruh  (m. 1993; div. 2004) * Cengiz Çağatay (div.) |
| Children | Gülenay Çoruh |


title: Africentrum

abstract: Africentrum is an extinct genus of prehistoric soldierfish that lived during the Upper Miocene subepoch of what is now Malta. It contains a single species, A. melitense. It has been either recovered as the sister genus to Myripristis or in a polytomy with all the other genera in the subfamily.

text:
# Africentrum

***Africentrum*** is an extinct genus of prehistoric soldierfish that lived during the Upper Miocene subepoch of what is now Malta. It contains a single species, ***A. melitense***. It has been either recovered as the sister genus to *Myripristis* or in a polytomy with all the other genera in the subfamily.

## InfoBox

| *Africentrum*
Temporal range: | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Holocentriformes |
| Family: | Holocentridae |
| Subfamily: | Myripristinae |
| Genus: | *Africentrum*
White and Moy-Thomas, 1941 |
| Species: | ***A. melitense*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Africentrum melitense***
(Woodward, 1887) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Holocentrum melitense* Woodward, 1887 | |


title: Radio Guangdong

abstract: Radio Guangdong is a provincially-owned radio station in Guangdong, owns nine radio channels and two newspapers. Radio Guangdong is a part of Guangdong Radio and Television, and is a member of World Radio Network.

text:
# Radio Guangdong

| Radio Guangdong | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 廣東電台 |
| Simplified Chinese | 广东电台 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Guǎngdōng Diàntái  Yue: Cantonese  Jyutping Gwong2dung1 Din6toi4 | |
|  | |

**Radio Guangdong** is a provincially-owned radio station in Guangdong, owns nine radio channels and two newspapers. Radio Guangdong is a part of Guangdong Radio and Television, and is a member of World Radio Network.

## History

Radio Guangdong started as Radio Canton, a radio station in Canton, the capital city of Guangdong Province. It first broadcast on 18 October 1949 and was renamed "Radio Guangdong" on 16 February 1950. Radio Guangdong was also the first radio station among Chinese Radio Industry to set up an Internet website which was started on 15 December 1996.

## Radio channels

| Channel Name | Modulation | Frequency in Guangzhou area | Main Languages as notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Radio Guangdong News Radio
(广东电台新闻广播)
 | AM
FM | 648 kHz
91.4 MHz | English and Mandarin
Formerly Satellite Radio Guangdong
(广东卫星广播) |
| Southern Life Radio
(南方生活广播) | AM
FM | 999 kHz
93.6 MHz | Cantonese and Mandarin |
| Business Radio
(股市广播) | AM
FM | 927 kHz
95.3 MHz | Cantonese and Mandarin |
| Radio Pearl River
(珠江经济广播电台) | AM
FM | 1062 kHz
97.4, 103.0 MHz | Cantonese |
| Music FM
(音乐之声) | FM | 93.9, 99.3 MHz | Cantonese, English and Mandarin |
| Car FM
(广东电台城市之声) | FM | 103.6 MHz | Cantonese and Mandarin |
| Guangzhou Traffic Radio
(广东电台交通之声) | FM | 105.2 MHz | Cantonese and Mandarin |
| URadio Shenzhen
(广东电台南粤之声) | FM | 105.7 MHz | Mandarin |
| Sports FM
(广东电台文体广播) | FM | 107.7 MHz | Cantonese and Mandarin |

## Newspapers

* Sheng Bao (声报, lit. voice paper, former *广东广播报*, lit. Guangdong Broadcast News)
* Gushi Kuaibao (股市快报, lit. Stock Market News)

## InfoBox

Radio Guangdong
广东人民广播电台
| Company type | Government |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Radio broadcasting, Newspaper |
| Founded | 1949 |
| Headquarters | 686 Renmin Road North, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China |
| Key people | Zeng Shaohua |
| Products | News, Entertainment, Music |
| Website | http://www.rgd.com.cn/ |


title: Yukina Ueda

abstract: Yukina Ueda is a Japanese long-distance runner. She competed in the senior women's race at the 2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Aarhus, Denmark. She finished in 47th place.

text:
# Yukina Ueda

**Yukina Ueda** (born 7 February 1998) is a Japanese long-distance runner. She competed in the senior women's race at the 2019 IAAF World Cross Country Championships held in Aarhus, Denmark. She finished in 47th place.

## InfoBox

Yukina Ueda
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1998-02-07) 7 February 1998 |
| Sport | |
| Country | Japan |
| Sport | Long-distance running |


title: Michael Noble (Labour politician)

abstract: Michael Alfred Noble was a British Labour Party politician.

text:
# Michael Noble (Labour politician)

**Michael Alfred Noble** (10 March 1935 – 12 March 1983) was a British Labour Party politician.

## Early life

Noble was the son of Alfred "Bunny" Noble and Olive Noble (née Earle), a bricklayer and a school cook respectively. He was born in a small village near Hull. He was the first child in his school to pass the 11+ exam, and to celebrate his achievement the whole school got a day off. He attended Hull Grammar School and was a keen athlete, winning the Victor Ludorum in his senior years. He was always proud of his background, particularly of the fact that his mother insisted he continue at school beyond the minimum leaving age and worked extra hours to ensure the family could afford this, as she did for both of his younger brothers, who also followed him to the grammar school. He went to the University of Sheffield, initially intending to read geography. However, his colour blindness forced him into a change of subject, and he switched to economics.

## Teaching career

For his National Service, Noble chose to become a teacher and pursued this course subsequently by becoming a lecturer for the Workers' Educational Association, for whom he lectured in industrial relations. As a consequence of this career he moved from Yorkshire to Burnley in Lancashire, where his two younger children were born. He was always a supporter of the Labour Party and was elected to the local council, becoming the Chair of the Education Committee.

## Parliamentary career

He first stood for parliament in 1970 when he contested the Withington constituency, but was unsuccessful. He was then selected for the Rossendale constituency and, despite narrowly being defeated in the February 1974 general election, Noble was elected Member of Parliament in the October 1974 general election. He lost the seat to the Conservative candidate David Trippier in 1979.

While a Member of Parliament, Noble served as Parliamentary Private Secretary to Roy Hattersley (now Lord Hattersley), in his position as Secretary of State for Prices and Consumer Protection.

## Back to teaching

After losing his seat in the Conservative victory of 1979, Noble returned to his roots as an educationalist, working first for Blackburn College and then for Burnley College.

## Personal life

He married Brenda Peak in December 1956; their first child, Julie, was born the following December, followed in November 1963 by Gary and in January 1970 by Michelle (Shelley).

He was fanatical about sport, namely cricket and football—both of which he was qualified to coach—and it was whilst watching Burnley playing Sheffield at Turf Moor that he had his fatal heart attack, aged only 48. There had been no warnings or symptoms of any heart problems.

## InfoBox

| Michael Noble | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of Parliament for Rossendale | |
| **In office**
10 October 1974  7 April 1979 | |
| Preceded by | Ronald Bray |
| Succeeded by | David Trippier |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Michael Alfred Noble
(1935-03-10)10 March 1935 |
| Died | 12 March 1983(1983-03-12) (aged 48) |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Labour |
|  | |


abstract: The William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute is a research institute in the University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering. FTPI was largely the work of physics Professor Emeritus, Stephen Gasiorowicz and university alumnus and Twin Cities real-estate developer William I. Fine. The institute officially came into existence in January 1987. FTPI faculty consists of six permanent members: Andrey V. Chubukov, Alex Kamenev, Keith Olive, Maxim Pospelov, Mikhail Shifman, and Boris Shklovskii. The institute has on Oversight Committee consisting of ten members. The Oversight Committee is the board of directors that make decisions concerning the staffing and budgeting of the institute. The institute is located at the University of Minnesota's Twin Cities campus, in Tate Hall.

text:
# William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute

The **William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute** is a research institute in the University of Minnesota College of Science and Engineering. FTPI was largely the work of physics Professor Emeritus, Stephen Gasiorowicz and university alumnus and Twin Cities real-estate developer William I. Fine. The institute officially came into existence in January 1987. FTPI faculty consists of six permanent members: Andrey V. Chubukov, Alex Kamenev, Keith Olive, Maxim Pospelov, Mikhail Shifman, and Boris Shklovskii. The institute has on Oversight Committee consisting of ten members. The Oversight Committee is the board of directors that make decisions concerning the staffing and budgeting of the institute.

The institute is located at the University of Minnesota's Twin Cities campus, in Tate Hall.

## Outreach

**The Misel Family Lecture Series**

The Irving and Edythe Misel Family Lecture Series, hosted by FTPI, invites physicists from around the world to the University of Minnesota to discuss physics with the general public. It is funded by a private donation gift from the Edythe and Irving Misel family. The list of the Misel Lecturers to date is:

**Visitor Program**

FTPI has a worldwide reach. The institute has hosted over 800 individual researchers, from institutions in more than 18 different countries, for working visits of one day to six months.

**Workshops**

FTPI hosts up to three workshops per year for physicists from around the world. This includes the 2013 CAQCD meeting which was special because it was the tenth meeting in the series. The proceedings of the previous conferences – they are held biannually – reveal the developments of QCD and related theories from the early 1990s. As well as a workshop in October 2000 celebrating 30 years of supersymmetry.

## Awards

Current and former faculty members of FTPI have been honored with a number of prizes and awards. Keith Olive is a current Distinguished McKnight University Professor of Physics and was awarded the 2018 Hans Bethe Prize. Former faculty, Leonid Glazman was a McKnight Presidential Endowed Chair. Boris Shklovskii is the recipient of the 1986 Landau Award and the 2019 Oliver E. Buckley Condensed Matter Prize. Former faculty, Arkady Vainshtein and Mikhail Shifman were awarded the 2016 ICTP Dirac Medal and Prize. Andrey V. Chubukov was awarded the 2018 John Bardeen Prize.

Three faculty members have been awarded the Sakurai Prize: former faculty, Arkady Vainshtein (1999), Mikhail Shifman (1999), and Mikhail Voloshin (2001). former faculty, Arkady Vainshtein (2005) and Mikhail Shifman (2013) received the Pomeranchuk Prize. Mikhail Shifman was honored with the Lilienfeld Prize (2006), and elected as Laureate of Les Chaires Internacionales de Recherche Blaise Pascal (2007). Former member Anatoly Larkin was awarded the Fritz London Memorial Prize in Low Temperature Physics (1990), the Hewlett Packard Europhysics Prize (1993), the Lars Onsager Prize in Theoretical Statistical Physics (2002) as well as the Bardeen Prize for Superconductivity (2004).

## Funding

The William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute is financed from a combination of private and University funds. In the world of fundamental-science research institutes, FTPI is, for its part, something of an oddity. While most such organizations are large, National Science Foundation-funded enterprises, Minnesota's FTPI was created in large part out of the generosity of a single private donor, and it is dedicated to the research efforts of its members.

The United States Department of Energy ER40823 grant is mutually submitted between the Department of Physics at the University of Minnesota and FTPI. This grant is entitled "Experimental and Theoretical High Energy Physics" and helps to support faculty and postdoctoral salaries.

44°58′31″N 93°14′4″W / 44.97528°N 93.23444°W / 44.97528; -93.23444


title: Fiji at the 1972 Summer Olympics

text:
# Fiji at the 1972 Summer Olympics

Fiji competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany. No medals were won by Fiji.

## Athletics

Key * **Note**–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
* **Q** = Qualified for the next round
* **q** = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser *or*, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* **NR** = National record
* N/A = Round not applicable for the event
* Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round
Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heats | | Quarterfinal | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Usaia Sotutu | Men's 5000 m | 15:24.2 | 13 |  | | | | did not advance | |
| | Men's 10000 m | DNF | |  | | | | did not advance | |
| | Men's 3000 m steeple | 9:12.0 | 12 |  | | | | did not advance | |
| Samuela Yavala | Men's 400 m | 47.76 | 6 | did not advance | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Fiji at the<br>1972 Summer Olympics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | FIJ |
| NOC | Fiji Association of Sports and National Olympic Committee |
| Website | www.fasanoc.org.fj |
| in Munich | |
| Competitors | 2 in 1 sport |
| Flag bearer | Usaia Sotutu |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| Summer Olympics appearances (overview) | |
|  | |


title: Michele Bruniges

abstract: Michele Denise Bruniges is an Australian teacher and education administrator. In April 2016 she began her role as secretary of the Australian Government Department of Education and Training. Bruniges has a doctorate of philosophy in educational measurement, a master's degree in education from the University of New South Wales, a graduate diploma in educational studies and a diploma in teaching from the Goulburn College of Advanced Education.

text:
# Michele Bruniges

**Michele Denise Bruniges** AM is an Australian teacher and education administrator. In April 2016 she began her role as secretary of the Australian Government Department of Education and Training.

Bruniges has a doctorate of philosophy in educational measurement, a master's degree in education from the University of New South Wales, a graduate diploma in educational studies and a diploma in teaching from the Goulburn College of Advanced Education.

## Career

Bruniges began her teaching career in 1980 at Leppington Public School prior to becoming a high school teacher of mathematics and computing at St Johns Park High School and Ingleburn High School. She also taught in TAFE NSW and the Adult Migrant Education Service.

From 2005 to 2008 Bruniges was chief executive of the Australian Capital Territory ACT Department of Education and Training. She held various federal positions with the Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations (DEEWR), including deputy secretary for the Office of Early Childhood Education and Child Care; and deputy secretary, Schools and Associate Secretary, Schools and Youth.

She was appointed as director-general of the NSW Department of Education and Training in July 2011 and commenced on 7 September 2011.

From 2012 to 2015 Bruniges was also an honorary adjunct professor of education in the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at the University of New South Wales.

In March 2016, Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull announced Bruniges' appointment as the secretary of the Australian Government Department of Education and Training. Since February 2020, the department has been known as Department of Education, Skills and Employment. The department is now known as the Department of Education. Bruniges finished her tenure on 4 April 2023 and was replaced by Tony Cook.

## Honours

* Member of the Order of Australia (AM), 26 January 2012.

For service to public administration through executive roles, and as a contributor to reform in the education sector at state and national levels. * Presidential Citation, Australian Council for Educational Leaders (ACEL), 2011.

For high level leadership of public education. * Fellow of the Australian College of Educators (FACE), 2009.

For a distinguished career in educational leadership and management and in particular valued and well respected contributions to school education sustained over many years. To investigate ways to monitor, analyse and report progress in student achievement in the US and The Netherlands.

## InfoBox

| Michele BrunigesAM | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Secretary of the Department of Education, Skills and Employment | |
| **In office**
4 April 2016  4 April 2023 | |
| Preceded by | Lisa Paul |
| Succeeded by | Tony Cook PSM |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Michele Denise Henrick
Tumut, New South Wales, Australia |
| Spouse | Paul Bruniges |
| Alma mater | University of New South Wales |
| Occupation | Public servant |
|  | |


title: Rhagoletis flavigenualis

abstract: Rhagoletis flavigenualis is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Rhagoletis of the family Tephritidae.

text:
# Rhagoletis flavigenualis

***Rhagoletis flavigenualis*** is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus *Rhagoletis* of the family Tephritidae.

## InfoBox

| *Rhagoletis flavigenualis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tephritidae |
| Genus: | *Rhagoletis* |
| Species: | ***R. flavigenualis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Rhagoletis flavigenualis***<br>Hering, 1958 | |
|


title: Palazzo Sangiorgi

abstract: Palazzo Sangiorgi is a palace in Forlì, Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy. The lack of relevant documentation concerning Palazzo Sangiorgi, only mentioned as "accessory building" to the adjoining Palazzo Gaddi, makes the identification of the Palace's original purposes very difficult. The Palace includes two different buildings separated by an internal courtyard: one facing Corso Garibaldi and an inner one, edging Vicolo Gaddi. A second courtyard is located behind the inner building. The renovation that took place in the 1980s confirmed the theory by which the house was an accessory building partly intended to be a stable and partly a farmer's house. The distinguished wide vaulted room in the inner building, first thought to be a boardroom, was discovered to be a stable. The renovation work brought to light a second cobblestone floor under the tiled one, animal housing facilities along the border walls and a lower central area divided by a gully heading to a drain in the courtyard. The elegant facade, contrasting with the original building purposes, was probably built in a later period. Since September 1988 Palazzo Sangiorgi is the Seat of the Liceo Musicale "Angelo Masini".

text:
# Palazzo Sangiorgi

**Palazzo Sangiorgi** is a palace in Forlì, Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy.

The lack of relevant documentation concerning Palazzo Sangiorgi, only mentioned as "accessory building" to the adjoining Palazzo Gaddi, makes the identification of the Palace's original purposes very difficult.

The Palace includes two different buildings separated by an internal courtyard: one facing Corso Garibaldi and an inner one, edging Vicolo Gaddi. A second courtyard is located behind the inner building. The renovation that took place in the 1980s confirmed the theory by which the house was an accessory building partly intended to be a stable and partly a farmer's house.

The distinguished wide vaulted room in the inner building, first thought to be a boardroom, was discovered to be a stable. The renovation work brought to light a second cobblestone floor under the tiled one, animal housing facilities along the border walls and a lower central area divided by a gully heading to a drain in the courtyard.

The elegant facade, contrasting with the original building purposes, was probably built in a later period.

Since September 1988 Palazzo Sangiorgi is the Seat of the Liceo Musicale "Angelo Masini".

44°13′28″N 12°02′06″E / 44.22444°N 12.03500°E / 44.22444; 12.03500


title: Gyula Rumbold

abstract: Gyula Rumbold was a Hungarian amateur association football player who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a member of the Hungarian Olympic squad and played one match in the main tournament as well as two matches in the consolation tournament. He also won seven Hungarian titles with Ferencvárosi TC, and was capped 33 times in the Hungary national team.

text:
# Gyula Rumbold

**Gyula Rumbold** (6 December 1887  5 October 1959) was a Hungarian amateur association football player who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He was a member of the Hungarian Olympic squad and played one match in the main tournament as well as two matches in the consolation tournament. He also won seven Hungarian titles with Ferencvárosi TC, and was capped 33 times in the Hungary national team.


title: Jim Kammerud

abstract: Jim Kammerud is an American director, writer, producer and animator, best known for his work with the Walt Disney Company. Kammerud attended the Ohio State University in the mid-1980s. There he developed his cartooning style by working as an editorial cartoonist, as well as creating the comic strip "It's Working", for The Lantern, the University's student newspaper. Also on staff at The Lantern at the time was Jeff Smith, later known for the comic book Bone. After college, while still living in Columbus, Ohio, Kammerud and Smith formed the Character Builders animation studio. There, Kammerud began working on Rover Dangerfield and worked as an animator and storyboard artist for Bebe's Kids as well as Space Jam. He became involved with Disney as sequence director for the additional animation in Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World and later joined to direct and design the new characters in The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea. His next film as director was 101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure, when he also worked on part of the screenplay. His second film where he worked on the screenplay was Tarzan II, in addition to producing the film, and his most recent Disney project, The Fox and the Hound 2 is his first film without co-direction from Brian Smith. He also worked on The Aristocats II, which has since been shelved after the decision to drastically reduce the number of direct-to-video sequels made by Disney. He has also done storyboards for many non-Disney animated films with Toronto-based animation/animatic studio House of Cool, including Gnomeo & Juliet, Ice Age: Continental Drift, Escape from Planet Earth, Epic, The Nut Job and Rio 2. In 2009, Kammerud was featured in The Cartoonist, a documentary film on the life and work of Jeff Smith, creator of Bone.

text:
# Jim Kammerud

**Jim Kammerud** (born July 23, 1960) is an American director, writer, producer and animator, best known for his work with the Walt Disney Company.

Kammerud attended the Ohio State University in the mid-1980s. There he developed his cartooning style by working as an editorial cartoonist, as well as creating the comic strip "It's Working", for *The Lantern*, the University's student newspaper. Also on staff at *The Lantern* at the time was Jeff Smith, later known for the comic book *Bone*.

After college, while still living in Columbus, Ohio, Kammerud and Smith formed the Character Builders animation studio. There, Kammerud began working on *Rover Dangerfield* and worked as an animator and storyboard artist for *Bebe's Kids* as well as *Space Jam*. He became involved with Disney as sequence director for the additional animation in *Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World* and later joined to direct and design the new characters in *The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea*. His next film as director was *101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure*, when he also worked on part of the screenplay. His second film where he worked on the screenplay was *Tarzan II*, in addition to producing the film, and his most recent Disney project, *The Fox and the Hound 2* is his first film without co-direction from Brian Smith. He also worked on *The Aristocats II*, which has since been shelved after the decision to drastically reduce the number of direct-to-video sequels made by Disney.

He has also done storyboards for many non-Disney animated films with Toronto-based animation/animatic studio House of Cool, including *Gnomeo & Juliet*, *Ice Age: Continental Drift*, *Escape from Planet Earth*, *Epic*, *The Nut Job* and *Rio 2*.

In 2009, Kammerud was featured in *The Cartoonist,* a documentary film on the life and work of Jeff Smith, creator of *Bone.*

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1992 | *Bebe's Kids* | story artist |
| 1994 | *The Swan Princess* | animator |
| 1995 | *A Goofy Movie* | story artist |
| 1996 | *Space Jam* | supervising animator |
| 1998 | *Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World* | sequence director |
| 2000 | *The Little Mermaid II: Return to the Sea* | director/character designer |
| 2003 | *101 Dalmatians II: Patch's London Adventure* | director/story/screenplay |
| 2005 | *Tarzan II* | co-producer/screenplay |
| 2006 | *The Fox and the Hound 2* | director |
| 2011 | *Gnomeo & Juliet* | additional story artist |
| 2012 | *Ice Age: Continental Drift* | story artist |
| 2013 | *Escape from Planet Earth* | story artist |
| | *Epic* | story artist |
| 2014 | *Rio 2* | additional story artist |
| 2015 | *The Peanuts Movie* | head of story |
| 2016 | *The Secret Life of Pets* | story artist (uncredited) |
| 2017 | *The Emoji Movie* | story artist |
| | *The Lego Ninjago Movie* | story artist (uncredited) |
| 2018 | *The Grinch* | story artist (uncredited) |
| 2021 | *Space Jam: A New Legacy* | story artist |

## Notes and references


title: Radio Gotham

abstract: Radio Gotham is the debut album by Italian singer-songwriter Rose Villain, released on 20 January 2023. The project was anticipated by the singles "Elvis", "Michelle Pfeiffer" and "Rari" released between 2021 and 2022, while on 11 January 2023 Villain released the promotional single "Lamette" featuring Italian rapper Salmo.

text:
# Radio Gotham

***Radio Gotham*** is the debut album by Italian singer-songwriter Rose Villain, released on 20 January 2023. The project was anticipated by the singles "Elvis", "Michelle Pfeiffer" and "Rari" released between 2021 and 2022, while on 11 January 2023 Villain released the promotional single "Lamette" featuring Italian rapper Salmo.

## Background

In 2019 Rose Villain ended her record deal with Republic Records, after 3 years spent to release music mainly in English language. At the end of 2019, she went back to Milan and started to work on new music, this time around even in Italian language, thanks to Italian rapper Gué Pequeno, who, after listened to the English version of "Chico", who was meant to be Rose's single with Republic Records, pushed her to translate the song in Italian and asked her if he could use it for his 2020 album *Mr. Fini*. "Chico" ended up to be one of the best selling singles in Italy, opening a lot of doors for Villain's into Italian hip hop music world. In 2020, Villain signed a record deal with Sony Music Italy/Arista. She started to release music in Italian language and in 2021, again with Gué, she released "Elvis", which is the first single from *Radio Gotham*. In 2022, she released "Michelle Pfeiffer", who became viral on TikTok and was certified platinum by FIMI. This single motivated her to putting together an album, that was finally announced in December 2023.

## Track listing

*Radio Gotham* track listing
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Dalle ombre" |  | Sixpm | 2:36 |
| 2. | "Gotham" | * Rosa Luini * Andrea Ferrara | Sixpm | 2:33 |
| 3. | "Lamette" (featuring Salmo) | * Rosa Luini * Andrea Ferrara * Maurizio Pisciottu * Stefano Tognini * Lorenzo Paolo Spinosa * Nicolò Pucciarmati | * Sixpm * Zef | 2:29 |
| 4. | "Non sono felice per te" | * Rosa Luini * Andrea Ferrara * Stefano Tognini * Nicolò Pucciarmati | * Sixpm * Zef * Young Miles | 2:39 |
| 5. | "Due facce" (featuring Tedua) |  |  | 2:34 |
| 6. | "Moonlight" | * Rosa Luini * Andrea Ferrara * Diego Vincenzo Vettraino | * Sixpm * Drillionaire | 2:30 |
| 7. | "Rari" | * Rosa Luini * Andrea Ferrara * Hendric Buenck | * Sixpm * HDNRC | 2:48 |
| 8. | "Fantasmi" (featuring Geolier) | * Rosa Luini * Andrea Ferrara * Emanuele Palumbo | Sixpm | 2:13 |
| 9. | "Rehab" (featuring Carl Brave) |  | Sipxm | 3:12 |
| 10. | "Yakuza" | * Rosa Luini * Andrea Ferrara | Sixpm | 2:43 |
| 11. | "Monet" (featuring Elisa) |  | Sixpm | 3:17 |
| 12. | "Michelle Pfeiffer" (featuring Tony Effe) | * Rosa Luini * Andrea Ferrara * Nicolò Rapisarda | Sixpm | 3:00 |
| 13. | "Cartoni animati" | * Rosa Luini * Andrea Ferrara | Sixpm | 2:44 |
| 14. | "Elvis" (featuring Guè) |  | Sixpm | 2:52 |
| Total length: | | | | 38:10 |

## Charts

Chart performance for *Radio Gotham*
| Chart (2023) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Italian Albums (FIMI) | 5 |

## Certifications

Certifications for *Radio Gotham*
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Italy (FIMI) | Platinum | 50,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| Radio Gotham | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Rose Villain | |
| Released | 20 January 2023 (2023-01-20) |
| Recorded | 2021–2022 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 38:10 |
| Language | * Italian * English |
| Label |  |
| Producer |  |
| Rose Villain chronology | |
| ***Radio Gotham***
(2023) *Radio Sakura*
(2024) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Radio Gotham* | |
| 1. "Elvis"
Released: 2 July 2021 2. "Michelle Pfeiffer"
Released: 13 May 2022 3. "Rari"
Released: 7 October 2022 4. "Lamette"
Released: 11 January 2023 5. "Cartoni animati"
Released: 14 April 2023 | |
|  | |


title: Nail prick

abstract: Nail prick or quicking occurs in a horse if the sensitive hoof structures are penetrated by a horseshoe nail being driven through the hoof wall while shoeing. The nail creates a wound on the inside of the hoof wall. A close nail or a nail bind is the placement of a horseshoe nail so close to the sensitive structures inside the horse's hoof that it causes discomfort to the horse. The nail is not necessarily placed in the sensitive structures itself, but creates a pressure on the quick of the horse's hoof. Nail prick is also simply called horse shoe nail misplacement. Horse shoe nail misplacement has several names and the terminology is not always used with exactly the same meaning. It is also called to puncture, to pinch, to prick, or to quick a horse. Quicking or nail-quicked is used both for the actual penetration (pricking) into the area with sensitive tissue of the horse's hoof and about a close nail that exerts pressure on the sensitive tissue. Colloquially it is also called hot nail.

text:
# Nail prick

**Nail prick** or **quicking** occurs in a horse if the sensitive hoof structures (usually the sensitive laminae) are penetrated by a horseshoe nail being driven through the hoof wall while shoeing. The nail creates a wound on the inside of the hoof wall.

A **close nail** or a **nail bind** is the placement of a horseshoe nail so close to the sensitive structures inside the horse's hoof that it causes discomfort to the horse. The nail is not necessarily placed in the sensitive structures itself, but creates a pressure on the quick of the horse's hoof.

Nail prick is also simply called horse shoe nail misplacement. Horse shoe nail misplacement has several names and the terminology is not always used with exactly the same meaning. It is also called to puncture, to pinch, to prick, or to quick a horse. Quicking or nail-quicked is used both for the actual penetration (pricking) into the area with sensitive tissue of the horse's hoof and about a close nail that exerts pressure on the sensitive tissue. Colloquially it is also called hot nail.

## Cause

If the nail takes the wrong direction and penetrates inside the hoofwall it leads to bleeding and pressure inside the sole. This area is rich in blood vessels and nerves and damage here is very painful to the horse. Nail prick can occur due to poorly made horseshoes, misdirected nails, too large nails, poorly placed nail holes, and faulty nails. Horses with poor hoof quality, thin hoof walls, or flaring hoof walls are difficult to nail and there is an increased risk of nail prick. Nail prick is due to a horseshoe nail penetrating the hoof wall and coming too close to or penetrating the sensitive structures inside the horse's hoof. Nail prick can happen to the best of farriers especially if the horse is fractious or young and has not been previously shod.

## Symptoms

The symptoms of nail prick are varying degrees of lameness in the horse. Nail pricking leads to the horse going lame at once. A close nail leads to the horse going lame after some days. Placing the thongs on the head of the nail is a way to identify which nail is the cause. If the faulty nail are taken out at once the horse will have few symptoms of pain (whether or not there is blood from the hole). The hoof will turn warm and by feeling the arteries to the hoof an increased pulsation can be felt. When the hoof is inspected the horse can feel pain when pressure is applied to the damaged area.

## Treatment

It is primarily the farrier who takes care of nail prick and close nails.

If the nail prick is discovered at once further treatment is usually not necessary. Sometimes the whole shoe is taken off. If there is suspicion of dirt or bacteria having entered the wound together with the nail the nailhole should be enlarged to obtain drainage and the nail hole can be irrigated with dimethyl sulfoxide, povidone-iodine solution, or hydrogen peroxide.

Veterinary treatment includes taking the shoe off, cutting the hoof clean and opening the nail hole to allow drainage. If the horse is in pain anesthesia of the nerve is given. The hole is irrigated and the hole can be packed with iodine-soaked cotton. Superficial infections may only need one treatment. The horse can be given an antiseptic foot bandage for 3–4 days and then be shod if the lameness is gone. The prognosis is usually good provided that minimal damage occurs to vatial structures of the foot. Tetanus prophylaxis is used for unvaccinated horses.


title: Michael Noble (Parliamentarian)

abstract: Michael Noble was an English puritan who represented Lichfield during the Long Parliament and sided with Parliament during the English Civil War.

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# Michael Noble (Parliamentarian)

**Michael Noble** (1591 – February 1649) was an English puritan who represented Lichfield during the Long Parliament and sided with Parliament during the English Civil War.

## Biography

Noble was the son of Edward Noble and Isabell Lowe, daughter of Humfrey Lowe of Halesowen and his wife Joane Cooke. He was educated at Queen's College, Oxford matriculating aged 16 on 15 May 1607. He was probably an attorney and was elected coroner for Lichfield in 1625. He was described as a gentleman of the Close of the Cathedral when in 1631 he compounded for not accepting a knighthood by paying £10. By 1637 he was Town Clerk.

In 1640, Noble was elected to the Long Parliament as one of the two burgesses for Lichfield city. On 6 June 1643 he took the Parliamentary oath and covenant, and on 25 September subscribed to The Solemn League and Covenant. During 1643 he was on the Assessment Commission for Staffordshire, and on the Sequestration Committee for the County and City of Lichfield. In 1644 he was on the Commission in the Ordinance for Assessment of East and West, and on 11 April that year was on the Grocer's Hall Committee of Accounts.

Noble was on the Committee of the House on the Self-denying Ordinance on 24 March 1645 and was one of 68 members to whom the £4 allowance per week was ordered on 3 June 1645. He became Deputy Lieutenant for Staffordshire on 23 August 1645. On 16 September 1645 he was on the Committee to prepare the Ordnance for the disposal of the Bishop of Lichfield's estates.

Noble was on the Committee for settling a preaching ministry on 7 April 1646. However he appears to have fallen sick, and was excused the call of the House in 1646 and 1647 and was not excluded in Pride's Purge on 6 December 1648. He died in February 1649 and was buried in Lichfield Cathedral.

## Family

Noble married Maria Cotton, daughter of Walter Cotton of Crakemarsh in around 1619 and they lived at Lichfield Close where their family were born.

In January 1638 Maria Noble, his wife and an ardent puritan, was involved in an incident in Lichfield Cathedral. Maria Noble, Lady Eleanor Davies and Susan Walker, wife of Rev. John Walker, brawled in the Cathedral "with a pot of water, tar, and other filthy things, most profanely defiled the hangings at the altar of the cathedral, and said they had sprinkled holy water on them against the next communion". The wife of Sir Simon Weston former MP, remonstrated with them, but they replied that "they had but done their duty".

One of Noble's descendants, Walter Savage Landor, included him in the Imaginary Conversations in conversation with Oliver Cromwell, although he erroneously named him Walter Noble.

* Great Britain. Public Record Office (1869). "Domestic Charles I Vol. CCCLXXX. 1637-8. Jan. 94". In Bruce, John; Hamilton, William Douglas; Lomas, Sophia Crawford (eds.). *Calendar of state papers, domestic series, of the reign of Charles I ... preserved in the State Paper Department of Her Majesty's Public Record Office*. Vol. 12. Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts.
* Greenslade, M.W., ed. (1990). "Lichfield: Town government". *A History of the County of Stafford: Lichfield*. Vol. 14. pp. 73–87.
* Tucker, Ruth; Liefeld, Walter L. (1987). *Daughters of the church: women and ministry from new testament times to the present* (illustrated ed.). Academie Books. p. 209. ISBN 978-0-310-45741-1.


title: William I. Cargo

abstract: William Ira Cargo was an American diplomat and foreign policy advisor who served as the United States Ambassador to Nepal from 1973 to 1976. Cargo had previously served as the Director of Policy Planning from 1969 to 1973.

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# William I. Cargo

**William Ira Cargo** (February 27, 1917 – December 13, 2005) was an American diplomat and foreign policy advisor who served as the United States Ambassador to Nepal from 1973 to 1976. Cargo had previously served as the Director of Policy Planning from 1969 to 1973.

## Early life and education

Cargo was born in Detroit and raised around Michigan, the son of a Methodist minister. Cargo graduated from Fenton High School in 1933. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree from Albion College and a PhD in political science from University of Michigan. Cargo completed his dissertation on Palestine. As a graduate student, Cargo also contributed to articles published in the *American Political Science Review*.

## Career

After earning his doctorate, Cargo worked as a professor at the University of Michigan and Colorado College. After the Attack on Pearl Harbor, Cargo applied for a position in the United States Navy, but instead joined the Division of Research and Publication in the United States Department of State. After being drafted in 1944, he served in the United States Navy Reserve and was trained in Florida and assigned to the Navy Communications Annex.

After his discharge, he returned to the Department of State. Cargo worked in the Office of Dependent Area Affairs and was selected to attend the National War College in 1953 and 1954. He became a member of the United States Foreign Service in 1954 and was assigned to the U.S. embassy in France. He then returned to Washington, D.C., working in the Bureau of International Organization Affairs. Cargo also worked with the United Nations and participated in the Strategic Arms Limitation Talks. He later served as Deputy U.S. Representative to the International Atomic Energy Agency and was assigned to the U.S. embassy in Pakistan. He served as the Deputy U.S. Representative to NATO before again returning to Washington. From 1969 to 1973, he served as the Director of Policy Planning under Richard Nixon. From 1973 to 1976, he served as United States Ambassador to Nepal. Cargo continued to serve as an advisor to the Department of State before his official retirement.

## Personal life

Cargo and his wife, Margaret, had two children and lived in Columbia, Maryland. Cargo died on December 13, 2005, in Baltimore at the age of 88.

## InfoBox

| William Cargo | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| United States Ambassador to Nepal | |
| **In office**
1973–1976 | |
| President | Gerald Ford |
| Preceded by | Carol Laise |
| Succeeded by | Marquita Maytag |
| 8th Director of Policy Planning | |
| **In office**
1969–1973 | |
| President | Richard Nixon |
| Preceded by | Henry David Owen |
| Succeeded by | James S. Sutterlin |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | William Ira Cargo
February 27, 1917
Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
| Died | December 13, 2005 (aged 88)
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S. |
| Education | Albion College (BA)
University of Michigan (PhD) |
| Military service | |
| Branch/service | United States Navy |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
|  | |