# November–December 2009 Moldovan presidential election

An indirect presidential election was held in Moldova on 10 November 2009 and 7 December 2009, following the parliamentary election held in July 2009.

## Pre-election developments

A first attempt had failed in May–June 2009 after the parliamentary election in April 2009, forcing a snap election and a second presidential election afterwards. Should this election fail again, the constitution forbids a second early election in the same year, which would mean that snap elections would be held in early 2010.

The PCRM have suggested that they would be willing to support an independent candidate for president.

On August 8, 2009, four parties agreed to create the Alliance For European Integration, which will push the Communist party into opposition. The Alliance For European Integration needs to elect a new president, an action which will be impossible without having the support of at least 8 Communist MPs. The Alliance For European Integration has a narrow majority of 53 deputies out of 101 in the Moldovan Parliament, while the Communists have 48. At least 61 votes are needed to elect the new president.

Parliament held its first session on 28 August 2009. The Alliance for European Integration elected Mihai Ghimpu, leader of the Liberal Party as Parliament Speaker. It was announced on that date they would nominate Marian Lupu for President and Vlad Filat for Prime Minister.

The Communist Party boycotted the session and challenged the legitimacy of Ghimpu's election on procedural grounds on 1 September, but the Constitutional Court decided on 8 September that the election had been valid. Voronin had announced he would resign by 14 September 2009 and become a simple MP, which he did on 11 September 2009; this meant that Ghimpu took over as acting president until the election.

## Election

Moldova's parliament will vote to elect a new president of the former Soviet republic on October 23 or 26, Marian Lupu said on October 5, 2009. The elections were to be held on October 23, but were postponed due to a constitutional dilemma over whether it is legal to hold them with only one candidate registered.

The first election attempt on 10 November failed, as the PCRM boycotted the election. Another round was to be held within thirty days, and if the second attempt failed as well, early elections would be held in autumn 2010. The second round was set for 7 December, and failed as well, with the same voting result.

## InfoBox

2009 Moldovan presidential election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| ---  **President before election**
Mihai Ghimpu
(acting)
Liberal Party **Elected President**
Election results annulled
Mihai Ghimpu
(acting)
Liberal Party | |


title: Nove Hiže

abstract: Nove Hiže is an uninhabited settlement in Croatia.

text:
# Nove Hiže

**Nove Hiže** is an uninhabited settlement in Croatia.

## InfoBox

| Nove Hiže | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Nove Hiže | |
| Coordinates: 45°30′N 14°55′E / 45.500°N 14.917°E / 45.500; 14.917 | |
| Country | Croatia |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.2 km2 (0.5 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 0 |
| Density | 0.0/km2 (0.0/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Notosphaeridion brevithorax

abstract: Notosphaeridion brevithorax is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins in 1960.

text:
# Notosphaeridion brevithorax

***Notosphaeridion brevithorax*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins in 1960.

## InfoBox

| *Notosphaeridion brevithorax* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | ***Notosphaeridion*** |
| Species: | ***N. brevithorax*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Notosphaeridion brevithorax***<br>(Martins, 1960) | |
|


title: MuSK protein

abstract: MuSK is a receptor tyrosine kinase required for the formation and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction. It is activated by a nerve-derived proteoglycan called agrin, which is similarly also required for neuromuscular junction formation.

text:
# MuSK protein

**MuSK** (for **Muscle-Specific Kinase**) is a receptor tyrosine kinase required for the formation and maintenance of the neuromuscular junction. It is activated by a nerve-derived proteoglycan called agrin, which is similarly also required for neuromuscular junction formation.

## MuSK signaling

Upon activation by its ligand agrin, MuSK signals via the proteins called casein kinase 2 (CK2), Dok-7 and rapsyn, to induce "clustering" of acetylcholine receptors (AChR). Both CK2 and Dok-7 are required for MuSK-induced formation of the neuromuscular junction, since mice lacking Dok-7 failed to form AChR clusters or neuromuscular synapses, and since downregulation of CK2 also impedes recruitment of AChR to the primary MuSK scaffold. In addition to the proteins mentioned, other proteins are then gathered, to form the endplate to the neuromuscular junction. The nerve terminates onto the endplate, forming the neuromuscular junction - a structure required to transmit nerve impulses to the muscle, and thus initiating muscle contraction.

## Role in disease

Antibodies directed against this protein (Anti-MuSK autoantibodies) are found in some people with myasthenia gravis not demonstrating antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor. The disease still causes loss of acetylcholine receptor activity, but the symptoms affected people experience may differ from those of people with other causes of myasthenia gravis.

## InfoBox

| muscle, skeletal, receptor tyrosine kinase | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | MUSK |
| NCBI gene | 4593 |
| HGNC | 7525 |
| OMIM | 601296 |
| RefSeq | NM\_005592 |
| UniProt | O15146 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 9 *q31.3-q32* |
| Search for  Structures Swiss-model  Domains InterPro | |


title: Matthew Allin

abstract: Matthew Lee Allin is a former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper who played for Devon. Allin was born in Bideford. He made two appearances for Devon in the Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy competition, the first game in September 2002 and the second in May 2003. He scored 23 runs and made three catches and one stumping.

text:
# Matthew Allin

**Matthew Lee Allin** (born 23 September 1978) is a former English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and wicket-keeper who played for Devon.

Allin was born in Bideford. He made two appearances for Devon in the Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy competition, the first game in September 2002 and the second in May 2003. He scored 23 runs and made three catches and one stumping.

## InfoBox

Matthew Allin
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Matthew Lee Allin |
| Born | (1978-09-23) 23 September 1978
Bideford, Devon, England |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Role | Wicket-keeper |
| Relations | Tony Allin (father)
Tom Allin (brother) |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 2002–2003 | Devon |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition LA  Matches 2  Runs scored 23  Batting average 23  100s/50s 0/0  Top score 19  Catches/stumpings 3/1 | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 6 August 2008 | |


title: Pelargonium radens

abstract: Pelargonium radens, the rasp-leaf pelargonium is a species of Pelargonium. It is in the subgenus Pelargonium along with Pelargonium crispum and Pelargonium tomentosum.

text:
# Pelargonium radens

***Pelargonium radens***, the **rasp-leaf pelargonium** is a species of *Pelargonium*. It is in the subgenus Pelargonium along with *Pelargonium crispum* and *Pelargonium tomentosum*.

## Description

*Pelargonium radens* is an evergreen perennial plant, growing to up to 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) high. It has deeply cut triangular scented gray-green leaves and in the summer bears clusters of small pink-purple flowers, followed by small curly-tailed brownish seeds. It is originally from the southern and eastern Cape, South Africa, where it grows in ravines or gorges near streams or among shrubs on mountainsides.

## Etymology

*Pelargonium* comes from the Greek πελαργός *pelargos*, which means stork. Another name for pelargoniums is stork's-bills due to the shape of their fruit. Radens refers to the coarse, rasp leaves.

## Cultivars and hybrids

There are a few cultivars and hybrids of *Pelargonium radens*. These include:

* *Pelargonium* 'Lara Candy Dancer' - A rose scented variety. The flowers are less marked than the species. AGM
* *Pelargonium* 'Crowfoot' - A minty rose scented variety.
* *Pelargonium* 'Dr Livingstone' (Synonym - 'Skeleton Rose') - A rose scented variety with less dissected leaves that the species.
* *Pelargonium* 'Radula' - A rose scented variety. Often thought of as a synonym of the species or a named clone.
* *Pelargonium* 'Red Flowered Rose' - A reddish-pink flowered variety that could be a hybrid between one of the other rose scented species.
* *Pelargonium* 'Graveolens' (Synonym - *P.* × *asperum*) - A rose scented hybrid between *Pelargonium capitatum* and *P. radens*. This hybrid is the most commonly used pelargonium in the perfume industry.

## Uses

Traditionally the edible leaves were used as a flavoring in jellies and in herbal teas. An essential oil extracted from the leaves and flowers is used commercially as a food flavoring and additive (geranium oil, rose geranium oil). This essential oil is classified as *Generally Recognized as Safe* by the US FDA when small quantities are added to foods.

*Pelargonium radens* is used as a house plant. It is also cultivated as an ornamental in, e.g., North America, in USDA hardiness zones 10–11. Propagation is by seeds and stem cuttings.

## InfoBox

| *Pelargonium radens* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Geraniales |
| Family: | Geraniaceae |
| Genus: | *Pelargonium* |
| Species: | ***P. radens*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pelargonium radens***<br>H.E.Moore | |
|


title: Pine Hill Cemetery (Davenport, Iowa)

abstract: Pine Hill Cemetery is located in north-central Davenport, Iowa, United States. It is in a section of the city that includes three other cemeteries: Mount Calvary, Davenport Memorial Park and Mount Nebo, which is in the back of Pine Hill. One of the cemetery's more prominent markers is a memorial to the Masons, which was erected in 1928 at a cost of $10,000. A.C. Fulton bought 75 acres (30 ha) of prairieland that was two miles outside the city of Davenport at the time. He had 500 evergreens planted on the property and called the area Pine Hill. The property was laid out in lots for a cemetery and the first burial was in 1855. Seven area churches maintained a section in the cemetery for their membership. Mount Nebo Cemetery was created in 1861 for B’nai Ameth and Temple Emanuel. The sections maintained by the individual churches were unified in 1920 and the cemetery was governed by a board of directors and maintained a sales office at the Kahl Building. A house for the caretaker was built on the property in 1931 and the sales office was moved there at that time. The cemetery was the site of the last native prairie plants in Scott County. They were moved to Scott County Park in 1972. The Pine Hill Cemetery Memorial Chapel was added to the property in 2003.

text:
# Pine Hill Cemetery (Davenport, Iowa)

**Pine Hill Cemetery** is located in north-central Davenport, Iowa, United States. It is in a section of the city that includes three other cemeteries: Mount Calvary, Davenport Memorial Park and Mount Nebo, which is in the back of Pine Hill. One of the cemetery's more prominent markers is a memorial to the Masons, which was erected in 1928 at a cost of $10,000.

A.C. Fulton bought 75 acres (30 ha) of prairieland that was two miles outside the city of Davenport at the time. He had 500 evergreens planted on the property and called the area Pine Hill. The property was laid out in lots for a cemetery and the first burial was in 1855. Seven area churches maintained a section in the cemetery for their membership. Mount Nebo Cemetery was created in 1861 for B’nai Ameth and Temple Emanuel. The sections maintained by the individual churches were unified in 1920 and the cemetery was governed by a board of directors and maintained a sales office at the Kahl Building. A house for the caretaker was built on the property in 1931 and the sales office was moved there at that time.

The cemetery was the site of the last native prairie plants in Scott County. They were moved to Scott County Park in 1972. The Pine Hill Cemetery Memorial Chapel was added to the property in 2003.

## Notable Burials

## InfoBox

| Pine Hill Cemetery | |
| --- | --- |
| Masonic Memorial | |
|  | |
| Details | |
| Established | 1855 |
| Location | 1530 E. 39th St.<br>Davenport, Iowa |
| Country | United States |
| Coordinates | 41°33′44″N 90°33′21″W / 41.56220°N 90.55580°W / 41.56220; -90.55580 |
| Type | Independent |
| Owned by | Pine Hill Cemetery Association |
| Size | 72 acres (29 ha) |
| Website | www.pinehillcemeterydavenport.com |
| Find a Grave | Pine Hill Cemetery |
| The Political Graveyard | Pine Hill Cemetery |


title: March 782

abstract: The March 782 was an open-wheel Formula 2 car, designed, developed and built by British manufacturer March Engineering in 1978. The 782 chassis was very competitive, and March dominated the season with their 782 chassis, and it was a clean-sweep; winning 11 out of the 12 races, and Bruno Giacomelli winning the championship, with 78 points. Marc Surer finished second-place in the championship as runner-up, with 48 points; also driving a 782 chassis. It saw continued used until the end of 1981, with Alberto Colombo winning at Hockenheim in 1980 with a two-year-old 782 chassis.

text:
# March 782

The **March 782** was an open-wheel Formula 2 car, designed, developed and built by British manufacturer March Engineering in 1978. The 782 chassis was very competitive, and March dominated the season with their 782 chassis, and it was a clean-sweep; winning 11 out of the 12 races, and Bruno Giacomelli winning the championship, with 78 points (dropped from 82 points). Marc Surer finished second-place in the championship as runner-up, with 48 points (dropped from 51 points); also driving a 782 chassis. It saw continued used until the end of 1981, with Alberto Colombo winning at Hockenheim in 1980 with a two-year-old 782 chassis.

## InfoBox

March 782
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Category | Formula 2 |
| Constructor | March |
| Technical specifications | |
| Chassis | Aluminum monocoque with rear sub-frame covered in fiberglass body |
| Suspension (front) | Double wishbones, Coil springs over Dampers, Anti-roll bar |
| Suspension (rear) | Twin lower links, Single top links, twin trailing arms, Coil springs over Dampers, Anti-roll bar |
| Axle track | 1,320 mm (52 in) (front)<br>1,300 mm (51 in) (rear) |
| Wheelbase | 2,500 mm (98 in) |
| Engine | *BMW M12/7*, mid-engined, longitudinally mounted, 2.0 L (122.0 cu in), I4, NA |
| Transmission | Hewland *F.T.200* 5-speed manual |
| Power | 307 hp (229 kW) |
| Weight | 502–510 kg (1,107–1,124 lb) |
| Tyres | Goodyear |
| Competition history | |
| Debut | 1978 |


title: Paul Steel

abstract:
Paul Steel is a squash coach and a former professional player.
As a player, Paul Steel was a ten-time New Zealand national champion (1992–2001) and reached a career-high world ranking of World No.15. In 1991,92,95,97,99 and 2001 he was New Zealand representative in the World Team Squash Championships. In 1998 he was a member of New Zealand Commonwealth Games Team in Kuala Lumpur. Since 1996 he has been six-time Swiss National League champion and three-time Swiss Cup champion. Since 1996 he has been coaching in Switzerland. He coached Lars Harms, Reto Donatsch (two-time Swiss champion and Agnes Müller. In November 2011 he was added to the New Zealand Squash Hall of Fame.

text:
# Paul Steel

**Paul Steel** (born 15 August 1970 in Whakatāne, New Zealand) is a squash coach and a former professional player. As a player, Paul Steel was a ten-time New Zealand national champion (1992–2001) and reached a career-high world ranking of World No.15. In 1991,92,95,97,99 and 2001 he was New Zealand representative in the World Team Squash Championships. In 1998 he was a member of New Zealand Commonwealth Games Team in Kuala Lumpur.

Since 1996 he has been six-time Swiss National League champion and three-time Swiss Cup champion.

Since 1996 he has been coaching in Switzerland. He coached Lars Harms (seven-time Swiss and two-time German champion), Reto Donatsch (two-time Swiss champion and Agnes Müller (seven-time Swiss champion).

In November 2011 he was added to the New Zealand Squash Hall of Fame.

## InfoBox

Paul Steel
| Country | New Zealand |
| --- | --- |
| Residence | Zürich |
| Born | (1970-08-15) August 15, 1970<br>Whakatāne |
| Men's Singles | |
| Highest ranking | 15 |


abstract: Funiculaire Moléson-sur-Gruyères – Plan-Francey is a funicular railway in the Canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. The line leads from Moléson-sur-Gruyères at 1111 m to Plan-Francey at 1520 m. From there, an aerial cableway continues to the summit of Moléson. The line of the funicular has a length of about 1350 m and a difference of elevation of 409 m. The funicular with two cars has a single track with a passing loop. Built in 1998, it replaced an aerial cableway from the 1960s. Already in the 1900s projects of funiculars, rack-railways and a train line to the top of Moléson were made, some receiving concessions, but ultimately not realized. The funicular is owned and operated by the company Centre Touristique Gruyères-Moléson-Vudalla S.A..

text:
# Funiculaire Moléson-sur-Gruyères – Plan-Francey

**Funiculaire Moléson-sur-Gruyères – Plan-Francey** is a funicular railway in the Canton of Fribourg, Switzerland. The line leads from Moléson-sur-Gruyères at 1111 m to Plan-Francey at 1520 m. From there, an aerial cableway continues to the summit of Moléson (2002 m). The line of the funicular has a length of about 1350 m and a difference of elevation of 409 m. The funicular with two cars has a single track with a passing loop.

Built in 1998, it replaced an aerial cableway from the 1960s. Already in the 1900s projects of funiculars, rack-railways and a train line to the top of Moléson were made, some receiving concessions, but ultimately not realized.

The funicular is owned and operated by the company *Centre Touristique Gruyères-Moléson-Vudalla S.A.* (abbreviated *TTM* or "GMV SA").

1. Stated length varies: 1300 m, 1351 m, 1364 m, 1368 m, almost 1400 m, 1480 m (construction length)
1. "2045 Moléson-sur-Gruyères - Plan-Francey - Le Moléson, 2 sections" (PDF), *Fahrplanfelder.ch, Tableaux-horaires.ch* (in French), 2023, 2045
2. *Mountain Cableways of Moléson*
3. Wägeli, Hans G., *Schienennetz Schweiz, Réseau ferré suisse* (in German and French)
4. "1663.01 Moléson-sur-Gruyères - Plan-Francey", *Standseilbahnen.ch* (in German)
5. Azéma, Michel, "Moléson sur Gruyères", *Funimag*
6. "Moléson sur Gruyères", *Funiculars.net* (in English and Swedish)
7. "90-FUC Funicularie Moléson - Plan-Francey", *Lift-world.info*
8. "Funiculaire Moléson", *24Trains.tv*
9. "Téléphérique et Funiculaire du Moléson", *torpille.ch* (in French), 13 November 2021
10. Mauron, François (1997), "Le Moléson : le "Righi de la Suisse occidentale"", *Annales fribourgeoises*, Lieux de mémoire fribourgeois, Actes du colloque des 7 et 8 octobre 1994 (in French), 61/62: 367–382, notably 377, 379
11. "Message du Conseil fédéral à l'Assemblée fédérale concernant les concessions des chemins de fer électriques du Moléson (Du 26 juin 1908)", *Feuille fédérale* (in French), **4** (27): 379–406, 1 July 1908
12. "Botschaft des Bundesrates an die Bundesversammlung, betreffend die Konzessionen für elektrische Bahnen auf den Moléson. (Vom 26. Juni 1908.)", *Bundesblatt* (in German), **4** (27): 299–325, 1 July 1908
13. *Centre Touristique Gruyères-Moléson-Vudalla S.A.* (in French and German), Registre du commerce du Canton de Fribourg, CHE-107.770.329

## InfoBox

| Funiculaire Moléson-sur-Gruyères – Plan-Francey | |
| --- | --- |
| passing loop in 2008 | |
| Overview | |
| Other name(s) | Funiculaire du Moléson |
| Status | In operation |
| Owner | Centre Touristique Gruyères-Moléson-Vudalla S.A. |
| Locale | Gruyères <br>Canton of Fribourg, Switzerland |
| Termini | * "Moléson-sur-Gruyères (funi)" at Place de l'Ichtyosaure * "Plan-Francey" |
| Stations | 2 |
| Website | moleson.ch |
| Service | |
| Type | Funicular |
| Route number | 2045 |
| Operator(s) | Centre Touristique Gruyères-Moléson-Vudalla S.A. |
| Rolling stock | 2 |
| History | |
| Opened | 1998 |
| Technical | |
| Line length | 1,350 m (4,430 ft) |
| Number of tracks | 1 with passing loop |
| Track gauge | 1,200 mm (3 ft 11+14 in) |
| Highest elevation | 1,520 m (4,990 ft) |


title: Murali Perunelly

abstract: Murali Perunelly is an Indian politician who is a member of the Kerala Legislative Assembly from Manalur constituency, representing Communist Party of India (Marxist). He was born at Oorakam, Thrissur on 19 June 1950. His parents were T. Raghavan Nair, a freedom fighter and P. Malathy Amma. He is a Secretariat member of CPI (M) District Committee, Thrissur and Kerala Karshaka Sangam Working Committee. He has a bachelor's degree in science and is an agriculturist. Previously elected to K.L.A. in 2006, he is married to Smt Mallika and they have a daughter. He served as a Vice President of Mullassery Grama Panchayat, President of Annakara Service Sangham, Advisory Board member of Viyoor Central Jail, DYFI Thrissur District Committee Member, Vice President of Thrissur Toddy Workers Union and Secretary of CPI (M) Manalur Area Committee.

text:
# Murali Perunelly

**Murali Perunelly** is an Indian politician who is a member of the Kerala Legislative Assembly from Manalur constituency, representing Communist Party of India (Marxist). He was born at Oorakam, Thrissur on 19 June 1950. His parents were T. Raghavan Nair, a freedom fighter and P. Malathy Amma. He is a Secretariat member of CPI (M) District Committee, Thrissur and Kerala Karshaka Sangam Working Committee. He has a bachelor's degree in science and is an agriculturist. Previously elected to K.L.A. in 2006, he is married to Smt Mallika and they have a daughter.

He served as a Vice President of Mullassery Grama Panchayat, President of Annakara Service Sangham, Advisory Board member of Viyoor Central Jail, DYFI Thrissur District Committee Member, Vice President of Thrissur Toddy Workers Union and Secretary of CPI (M) Manalur Area Committee.

## InfoBox

| Murali Perunelly | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
2016 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 19 June 1950
Oorakam |
| Nationality | Indian |
|  | |


title: Sarcocaulon

abstract: Sarcocaulon is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Geraniaceae. Its native range is Angola to Southern Africa.

text:
# Sarcocaulon

***Sarcocaulon*** is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Geraniaceae.

Its native range is Angola to Southern Africa.

## Species

Species:

## InfoBox

| *Sarcocaulon* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Geraniales |
| Family: | Geraniaceae |
| Genus: | *Sarcocaulon*<br>(DC.) Sweet |
|


title: Muhamed Karamusić Nihadi

abstract: Muhamed Karamusić Nihadi was a Bosnian poet who lived and died in Sarajevo. Only one manuscript of Nihadi's divan is extant. It is stored in the German capital of Berlin, and was originally part of the belongings of Baron Heinrich Dietrich von Dietz, the Prussian ambassador in the Ottoman capital of Constantinople. Von Dietz was also an Orientalist and a collector of manuscripts. The manuscript of Nihadi's divan consists of ninety-four ghazals, of which eight are composed in Persian.

text:
# Muhamed Karamusić Nihadi

**Muhamed Karamusić Nihadi** (also spelled **Mohammad Karamusić Nehādi**; died 1587) was a Bosnian poet who lived and died in Sarajevo. Only one manuscript of Nihadi's *divan* is extant. It is stored in the German capital of Berlin, and was originally part of the belongings of Baron Heinrich Dietrich von Dietz (fl.1790), the Prussian ambassador in the Ottoman capital of Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul). Von Dietz was also an Orientalist and a collector of manuscripts. The manuscript of Nihadi's *divan* consists of ninety-four *ghazals*, of which eight are composed in Persian.


title: Nowy Zbrachlin

abstract: Nowy Zbrachlin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Waganiec, within Aleksandrów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

text:
# Nowy Zbrachlin

**Nowy Zbrachlin** \[ˈnɔvɨ ˈzbraxlin\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Waganiec, within Aleksandrów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

## InfoBox

| Nowy Zbrachlin | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Nowy Zbrachlin | |
| Coordinates: 52°46′51″N 18°52′54″E / 52.78083°N 18.88167°E / 52.78083; 18.88167 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Kuyavian-Pomeranian |
| County | Aleksandrów |
| Gmina | Waganiec |


title: Pembroke St Michael

abstract: Pembroke St Michael is the name of an electoral ward in the town of Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales. It covers the east area of the town. The ward currently elects a county councillor to Pembrokeshire County Council and three town councillors to Pembroke Town Council. Prior to local government reorganisation in 1995, the ward elected two councillors to South Pembrokeshire District Council and an electoral division with the same name covering a slightly larger area elected one county councillor to Dyfed County Council. According to the 2011 UK Census the population of the ward was 2,408. A boundary review took place in 2019, where it was noted that the number of eligible voters was 32% above the average for an electoral ward in Pembrokeshire. As a result, it was recommended that part of the ward was transferred to the neighbouring St Mary South ward, reducing the number of electors by 531. These changes came into effect in 2021.

text:
# Pembroke St Michael

**Pembroke St Michael** is the name of an electoral ward in the town of Pembroke, Pembrokeshire, Wales. It covers the east area of the town.

The ward currently elects a county councillor to Pembrokeshire County Council and three town councillors to Pembroke Town Council. Prior to local government reorganisation in 1995, the ward elected two councillors to South Pembrokeshire District Council and an electoral division with the same name covering a slightly larger area elected one county councillor to Dyfed County Council.

According to the 2011 UK Census the population of the ward was 2,408.

A boundary review took place in 2019, where it was noted that the number of eligible voters was 32% above the average for an electoral ward in Pembrokeshire. As a result, it was recommended that part of the ward was transferred to the neighbouring St Mary South ward, reducing the number of electors by 531. These changes came into effect in 2021.

## County elections

### Dyfed County Council elections

The Pembroke St. Michael electoral division was first contested in the 1989 Dyfed County Council election, following its introduction in 1988. The electoral division consisted of the Hundleton, Pembroke St. Michael and Stackpole wards and the Community of Lamphey. One seat to Dyfed County Council was available.

1993 Dyfed County Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **John Martin Allen** | **652** | **51.0** | **+3.5** |
|  | Labour | David William Edwards | 627 | 49.0 |  |
| Majority | | |  | 2.0 |  |
| Turnout | | |  | 32.9 | −4.0 |
|  | Liberal Democrats **gain** from Independent | | Swing |  |  |

1989 Dyfed County Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Rev G.R. Ball** | **738** | **52.5** |  |
|  | SLD | A. Hovey | 667 | 47.5 |  |
| Majority | | |  | 5.1 |  |
| Turnout | | |  | 36.9 |  |
|  | Independent **win** (new seat) | | | | |

### Pembrokeshire County Council elections

Following re-organization of local government, Dyfed County Council and the district councils were abolished and replaced with Pembrokeshire County Council. The ward boundaries from the South Pembrokeshire District Council were retained, with one seat available to the new county council, which was first contested in the 1995 Pembrokeshire County Council election. As of 2018, six elections have been held for the seat, the most recent in 2017.

2017 Pembrokeshire County Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Aden Arthur Brinn** | **557** | **56.7** |  |
|  | Independent | Jonathan Anthony Robert Nutting\* | 425 | 43.3 |  |
| Majority | | | 132 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **gain** from Independent | | Swing |  |  |

2012 Pembrokeshire County Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Jonathan Anthony Robert Nutting** | **489** | **53.1** |  |
|  | Conservative | Aden Arthur Brinn\* | 432 | 46.9 |  |
| Majority | | | 57 |  |  |
|  | Independent **gain** from Conservative | | Swing |  |  |

2008 Pembrokeshire County Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Aden Arthur Brinn\*** | **527** | **51.9** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Gareth Jones | 384 | 37.8 |  |
|  | Plaid Cymru | Eirug Roberts | 104 | 10.2 |  |
| Majority | | | 143 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

Due to the death of the sitting councillor John Allen in July 2007, a by-election was called for the Pembroke St Michael seat. It took place on 20 November 2007, and saw Conservative candidate Aden Brinn narrowly elected as councillor ahead of Liberal Democrat candidate Gareth Jones, with a nine-vote majority.

2007 Pembroke St Michael By-election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Conservative** | **Aden Arthur Brinn** | **251** | **30.6** |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Gareth Jones | 242 | 29.5 |  |
|  | Independent | David Owen | 184 | 22.5 |  |
|  | Labour | David Edwards | 142 | 17.3 |  |
| Majority | | | 9 |  |  |
|  | Conservative **gain** from Liberal Democrats | | Swing |  |  |

2004 Pembrokeshire County Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **John Martin Allen\*** | **472** | **58.4** |  |
|  | Independent | Aden Arthur Brinn | 336 | 41.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 136 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

1999 Pembrokeshire County Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **John Martin Allen\*** | **466** | **55.1** |  |
|  | Conservative | Aden Arthur Brinn | 380 | 44.9 |  |
| Majority | | | 86 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

The initial May 1995 county election was won by Liberal Democrat candidate John Allen, who had previously held the Pembroke St Michael seat on Dyfed County Council aince 1993.

1995 Pembrokeshire County Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal Democrats** | **John Martin Allen** | **407** | **54.4** |  |
|  | Labour | Clive John Collins | 341 | 45.6 |  |
| Majority | | | 66 |  |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats **win** (new seat) | | | | |

## District Council elections

The ward was introduced in 1986 following a boundary re-alignment. and first contested in the 1987 South Pembrokeshire District Council election. Two seats to the South Pembrokeshire District Council were available.

### Pembroke St Michael (two seats)

1991 South Pembrokeshire District Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **G.A. Hay-Watkins** | **433** |  |  |
|  | **Independent** | **Clive John Collins\*** | **408** |  |  |
|  | Independent | J.C. Robinson | 213 |  |  |
|  | Independent **hold** | | Swing |  |  |
|  | Independent **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

1987 South Pembrokeshire District Council election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **D.H. Lloyd** | **470** |  |  |
|  | **Independent** | **Clive John Collins** | **380** |  |  |
|  | Labour | G.A. Hay-Watkins | 325 |  |  |
|  | Independent | E. Reed | 301 |  |  |
|  | Independent **win** (new seat) | | | | |
|  | Independent **win** (new seat) | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Pembroke St Michael | |
| --- | --- |
| Electoral ward | |
| Ward locations within the towns of Pembroke and Pembroke Dock | |
| Pembroke St MichaelLocation within Pembrokeshire | |
| Population | 2,408 (2011 census) |
| Principal area |  |
| Country | Wales |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | PEMBROKE |
| Postcode district | SA71 |
| Dialling code | +44-1646 |
| UK Parliament |  |
| Senedd Cymru – Welsh Parliament |  |
| Councillors | 1 (County)<br>3 (Town Council) |
|


title: Marcel Oerlemans

abstract: Marcel Oerlemars is a Dutch retired footballer.

text:
# Marcel Oerlemans

**Marcel Oerlemars** (born 12 January 1969) is a Dutch retired footballer.

## Career

He has played most of the time in the Dutch Eerste Divisie or the Austrian Bundesliga. Except 1999 when he played one summer in the Icelandic premier league for Fram Reykjavik. He was the Austrian second-tier top goalscorer with 20 league goals for First Vienna in the 1994/95 season.

## InfoBox

Marcel Oerlemans
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Marcel Oerlemans | | |
| Date of birth | (1969-01-12) 12 January 1969 | | |
| Place of birth | Amsterdam, the Netherlands | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Striker | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1993 | DWS | 0 | (0) |
| 1993–1994 | Telstar | 23 | (5) |
| 1994–1995 | First Vienna | 44 | (28) |
| 1995–1996 | VfB Mödling | 11 | (4) |
| 1996–1998 | Ried | 70 | (18) |
| 1998–1999 | Haarlem | 11 | (1) |
| 1999 | Fram Reykjavik | 14 | (5) |
| 1999–2001 | Admira Wacker Mödling | 35 | (8) |
| 2001–2002 | Braunau | 10 | (4) |
| 2002 | Hundsheim | 5 | (2) |
| 2002–2003 | Türkiyemspor | 7 | (1) |
| 2003–2004 | SVO Germaringen | 9 | (3) |
| 2004–2008 | Türkiyemspor | 111 | (46) |
| 2008–2009 | Young Boys |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Fumez the Engineer

abstract: Jahrell Bryan, commonly known as Fumez the Engineer, is a British rapper and audio engineer from London. Joining Pressplay Media - a UK rap platform - in 2012, he later moved to Link Up TV, where he would stay before moving back to Pressplay Media following the beginning of his Plugged In freestyle series in 2020. Between his move to Link Up TV and his return to Pressplay, he would release two mixtapes, named The Mix-Tape and The Mix-Tape 2, with the latter being released in 2018.

text:
# Fumez the Engineer

**Jahrell Bryan**, commonly known as **Fumez the Engineer**, is a British rapper and audio engineer from London. Joining Pressplay Media - a UK rap platform - in 2012, he later moved to Link Up TV, where he would stay before moving back to Pressplay Media following the beginning of his ***Plugged In*** freestyle series in 2020. Between his move to Link Up TV and his return to Pressplay, he would release two mixtapes, named *The Mix-Tape* and *The Mix-Tape 2*, with the latter being released in 2018.

## Career

In a 2016 interview with *Trapped*, Fumez said that he began his career at the age of 15 in a youth club; at the time, however, he wouldn't take a career that seriously. In 2012, Fumez helped to launch Pressplay Media, a major UK rap platform, at the age of 18. Later becoming its owner, he would go into debt as a result of the company; he would sell his shares to Daniel Olkhovski, a former director of Pressplay who Fumez used to manage.

Following this, Fumez went to Link Up TV, another UK rap platform. During his time there, he would engineer for Link Up TV's *Mic Check* and *Behind Barz* freestyle series; he would also begin several series, such as *Studio with Fumez* \- where he would ask artists questions submitted by the audience - and the *Plugged In* series of freestyles, with the first *Plugged In* freestyle being released on 29 March 2020. Sometime following this, he was asked to return to Pressplay Media by Olkhovski. By April 2021, the *Plugged In* series had over 100 million views and over 100 million streams; by the end of the year, his "Plugged In Freestyle" with A92 and Offica reached number 29 on the Irish Singles Chart and number 39 on the UK chart.

In 2021, Fumez engineered a remix of "Bad Habits" by Ed Sheeran, which featured Tion Wayne and Central Cee. The remix was credited with "boosting" the song to 8 weeks at number one. He would also begin the *In the Mix* series, which followed his journey in the music industry. In November, his headline show at the Islington O2 Academy was canceled to due a section 60 order being placed over the N1 postcode, where the O2 Academy was located.

## Discography

### Mixtapes

* *The Mix-Tape* (2016)
* *The Mix-Tape 2* (2018)

### Singles

List of singles, with selected peak chart positions
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | IRE
 | UK
 | |
| "Plugged In Freestyle"
(with A92 and Offica) | 2020 | 29 | 39 |  |
| | "Plugged In Freestyle"
(with BM and Sava) |  | 81 |  |
| "Plugged In"
(with Skepta) | 2021 |  | 93 |  |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Work | Category | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021 | Urban Music Awards |  | Best Entertainer | Nominated |  |

## InfoBox

| Fumez the Engineer | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Jahrell Bryan |
| Born | (1993-02-16) 16 February 1993 |
| Origin | London, England |
| Genres |  |
| Occupation | Audio engineer |
| Years active | 2010–present |
| Labels | Believe Music |


title: Murder of Johnathon Robert Madden

abstract: Johnathon Robert Madden was a 12-year-old Canadian boy whose gruesome murder at the hands of his 16-year-old brother Kevin Madden and his brother's friend Timothy Ferriman provoked widespread revulsion and outrage in Johnathon's home city of Toronto and across Canada. The ensuing trials of Madden and Ferriman created a media sensation in Toronto and in the Canadian English media generally, which intensified after the first trial ended in a mistrial when a key witness was discovered to have committed perjury. Madden and Ferriman were convicted, respectively, of first-degree murder and manslaughter in early 2006, but until September 29, 2006, when Justice David McCombs elected to sentence the youths as adults, the names of the principals in the case were precluded from publication by provisions of Canada's Youth Criminal Justice Act.

text:
# Murder of Johnathon Robert Madden

**Johnathon Robert Madden** (11 May 1991  25 November 2003) was a 12-year-old Canadian boy whose gruesome murder at the hands of his 16-year-old brother Kevin Madden and his brother's friend Timothy Ferriman provoked widespread revulsion and outrage in Johnathon's home city of Toronto and across Canada.

The ensuing trials of Madden and Ferriman created a media sensation in Toronto and in the Canadian English media generally, which intensified after the first trial ended in a mistrial when a key witness was discovered to have committed perjury.

Madden and Ferriman were convicted, respectively, of first-degree murder and manslaughter in early 2006, but until September 29, 2006, when Justice David McCombs elected to sentence the youths as adults, the names of the principals in the case were precluded from publication by provisions of Canada's *Youth Criminal Justice Act*.

## Death

On the afternoon of November 25, 2003, Kevin Madden (then 16) was at home, accompanied by Timothy Ferriman and another friend, who remains publicly unidentified. The three began to extensively vandalize the family home, smashing beer bottles and a television with baseball bats, while drinking wine. Less than an hour before attacking Johnathon, who was also at home, all three spoke on the telephone to Ferriman's girlfriend indicating that a mass murder would occur; she tape-recorded this conversation.

Shortly thereafter, Kevin Madden attacked Johnathon with a butcher knife, cutting his face and neck 71 times, and severing his voice box and his carotid artery. Though present, Ferriman did not stab Johnathon himself but encouraged Kevin and handed him the knife, and afterwards helped to move Johnathon's body.

Following Johnathon's death, the boys hid his body in a basement crawl space. Together, the three awaited Kevin's and Johnathon's stepfather, Ralston Champagnie, who was coming home from work. When Champagnie arrived, he was attacked with a baseball bat and knife, but managed to escape from the house.

Johnathon's body was retrieved later that evening. All three boys were arrested within 24 hours of the incident.

## Court cases

### First court case

The first court case relied on Ferriman's girlfriend as the Crown's key witness. It ended in a mistrial after she apparently perjured herself.

She made several posts on the site vampirefreaks.com indicating an interest in vampirism, which contradicted earlier court testimony.

### Second court case

During the second case, Kevin Madden stated that "people who did not know Johnathon should not be concerned about what happened to him"

The verdict for the second court case was delivered on 27 February 2006. The jury determined that Kevin Madden was guilty of first-degree murder for his role in Johnathon's death, and guilty of attempted murder for his attack on his stepfather, Champagnie. Ferriman was found guilty of manslaughter for assisting in Johnathon's death. The third boy, who remains unidentified, was acquitted.

In the sentencing hearing on 29 September 2006, Justice David McCombs determined that Madden and Ferriman should be sentenced as adults, which permitted their identities, and those of the rest of Madden's family, to be published for the first time.

Both Madden's and Ferriman's lawyers indicated they were displeased that their clients were not sentenced as youths. Speaking of Madden, who had expressed no remorse or emotion in response to his actions throughout the trials, his lawyer said "Kevin desperately needs treatment, and unfortunately he's not going to get it. We could have had 10 years of in-depth treatment in the youth system and he's not going to get it." Ferriman's lawyer indicated he would appeal the decision, while Madden's lawyer said he was considering it.

In the sentencing hearing, Ferriman addressed the court and apologized for what he had done. His remorse enabled him to serve his sentence in a youth facility.

## Aftermath

Following the release of information after the publication ban was lifted, Joanne Champagnie, mother of Johnathon and Kevin Madden, launched a website dedicated to Johnathon's memory.


title: Sarcocapnos

abstract: Sarcocapnos is a genus of at least 6 species of somewhat fleshy, cushion-forming annual to perennial plants, native to cliffs in the French Pyrenees, Spain, and north Africa.

text:
# Sarcocapnos

***Sarcocapnos*** (Greek *sárx* "flesh", *kapnós* "smoke") is a genus of at least 6 species of somewhat fleshy, cushion-forming annual to perennial plants, native to cliffs in the French Pyrenees, Spain, and north Africa.

## Description

As in the genus *Corydalis* (but unlike *Dicentra*), the flowers are zygomorphic, that is, they have bilateral symmetry.

## Species

There are at least 6 species:

Bleeding Hearts, Corydalis, and Their Relatives. Mark C. Tebbitt, Magnus Lidén, Henrik Zetterlund. 2008. — Google Books

## InfoBox

| *Sarcocapnos* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Sarcocapnos enneaphylla* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Ranunculales |
| Family: | Papaveraceae |
| Subfamily: | Fumarioideae |
| Tribe: | Fumarieae |
| Subtribe: | Fumariinae |
| Genus: | *Sarcocapnos*<br>DC. |
|
| Species | |
| See text | |


title: Muhamed Kizito

abstract: Sande Muhamed Kizito is a Ugandan light flyweight boxer. He represented his native African country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, where he was defeated in the first round by Lithuania's Ivanas Stapovičius. Nicknamed "Sunday" he won the gold medal in the men's light flyweight division at the 1999 All-Africa Games.

text:
# Muhamed Kizito

**Sande Muhamed Kizito** (born 17 October 1974) is a Ugandan light flyweight boxer. He represented his native African country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, where he was defeated in the first round by Lithuania's Ivanas Stapovičius. Nicknamed "Sunday" he won the gold medal in the men's light flyweight ( 48 kg) division at the 1999 All-Africa Games.

## InfoBox

Muhamed Kizito
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1974-10-17) 17 October 1974 |
| Medal record      Men's Boxing  Representing  Uganda  All-Africa Games  1999 Johannesburg  Light Flyweight | |


title: Nowy Zieluń

abstract: Nowy Zieluń is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lidzbark, within Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Lidzbark, 23 km (14 mi) west of Działdowo, and 78 km (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

text:
# Nowy Zieluń

**Nowy Zieluń** \[ˈnɔvɨ ˈʑɛluɲ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lidzbark, within Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south of Lidzbark, 23 km (14 mi) west of Działdowo, and 78 km (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

## InfoBox

| Nowy Zieluń | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Nowy Zieluń | |
| Coordinates: 53°12′N 19°51′E / 53.200°N 19.850°E / 53.200; 19.850 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Warmian-Masurian |
| County | Działdowo |
| Gmina | Lidzbark |
| Population | 119 |


title: Visnes, Møre og Romsdal

abstract: Visnes is a small village in Hustadvika Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located along the Kornstadfjorden, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the municipal center of Eide. Visnes is home to Visnes Kalk AS, a limestone quarry.

text:
# Visnes, Møre og Romsdal

**Visnes** is a small village in Hustadvika Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located along the Kornstadfjorden, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) north of the municipal center of Eide.

Visnes is home to *Visnes Kalk AS*, a limestone quarry.

## InfoBox

| Visnes | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| VisnesLocation in Møre og RomsdalVisnesVisnes (Norway) | |
| Coordinates: 62°57′15″N 7°24′06″E / 62.9541°N 7.4018°E / 62.9541; 7.4018 | |
| Country | Norway |
| Region | Western Norway |
| County | Møre og Romsdal |
| District | Nordmøre |
| Municipality | Hustadvika Municipality |
| Elevation | 35 m (115 ft) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Post Code | 6493 Lyngstad |


title: Pendleton's Lithography

abstract: Pendleton's Lithography (1825–1836) was a lithographic print studio in 19th-century Boston, Massachusetts, established by brothers William S. Pendleton (1795-1879) and John B. Pendleton (1798-1866). Though relatively short-lived, in its time the firm was prolific, printing portraits, landscape views, sheet music covers, and numerous other illustrations. The Pendleton's work might be characterized by its generosity—each print contains a maxima of visual information designed for graphic reproduction.

text:
# Pendleton's Lithography

**Pendleton's Lithography** (18251836) was a lithographic print studio in 19th-century Boston, Massachusetts, established by brothers William S. Pendleton (1795-1879) and John B. Pendleton (1798-1866). Though relatively short-lived, in its time the firm was prolific, printing portraits, landscape views, sheet music covers, and numerous other illustrations. The Pendleton's work might be characterized by its generosity—each print contains a maxima of visual information designed for graphic reproduction.

## History

Originally from New York, the Pendleton brothers at the outset of their professional lives were affiliated with Charles Willson Peale and Rembrandt Peale in Philadelphia. On arrival in Boston, William Pendleton first worked as an engraver with Abel Bowen.

The Pendleton brothers began their own shop in 1825, when William "acquired some lithographic materials from a merchant named Thaxter who had brought them to Boston from Europe but who did not know how to use them. W.S. Pendleton communicated with his brother, then in Europe, about the matter, and the latter on his return not only brought back considerable stone and other materials, but also what was more important several men familiar with the process." The Pendletons became "the pioneers of the lithographic art in Boston."

A number of artists worked for the Pendletons, including Fitz Henry Lane, John H. Bufford, Seth Cheney, Nathaniel Currier, Thomas Edwards, B.F. Nutting, George Loring Brown, Benjamin Champney, Alexander Jackson Davis, David Claypoole Johnston, William Rimmer, and John W. A. Scott. Also "associated with the Pendleton workshop: Mary Jane Derby (later Peabody), Eliza Ann Farrar, Eliza Goodridge, Orra White Hitchcock, Louisa Davis Minot, Eliza Susan Quincy, Catherine Scollay, ... Margaret Snow (who married William S. Pendleton in 1831)," and probably Sophia Peabody.

In 1826 the brothers won "a silver medal for the best specimen of lithography" at the annual exhibition of the Franklin Institute, Philadelphia. In addition to critical praise, the studio's work garnered public approval. Of an 1832 portrait of Andrew Jackson, painted by Ralph E. W. Earl, and printed by Pendleton's, one newspaper notes: "We have received a lithographic engraving of Mr. Earle's picture of Gen. Jackson. ...The whole appears to be finely executed. The engraving is by Pendleton of Boston -- we have never seen any lithography equal to it."

The studio occupied successive addresses in Boston: Harvard Place (1825-1826); Graphic Court (1826 - c. 1832); and finally Washington Street (c. 1836).

In 1828, John Pendleton left Boston. William continued on until "July 1836 when ... \[he\] sold out to his bookkeeper, Thomas Moore." According to one historian, after William's departure the staff and operations of the business he'd established remained in place—"for all practical purposes it was the Pendleton operation under a new name"—until 1840 "when Moore in turn sold out to Benjamin W. Thayer."

## Images

Works printed by Pendleton's Lithography

## Further reading

### Works illustrated by Pendleton's Lithography

### Works about Pendleton's Lithography

* Georgia Brady Bumgardner (Autumn 1986). "Political Portraiture: Two Prints of Andrew Jackson". *American Art Journal*. **18** (4): 84–95. doi:10.2307/1594466. JSTOR 1594466.

42°21′22.42″N 71°3′35.69″W / 42.3562278°N 71.0599139°W / 42.3562278; -71.0599139


title: Galearis spectabilis

abstract: Galearis spectabilis, commonly known as showy orchis or showy orchid, is an orchid species of the genus Galearis. It is native to eastern Canada and much of the eastern half of the United States. In america they are found from eastern Oklahoma north to eastern South Dakota in the west and from Atlanta, Georgia and North Alabama north up into Maine to the east.

text:
# Galearis spectabilis

***Galearis spectabilis***, commonly known as **showy orchis** or **showy orchid**, is an orchid species of the genus *Galearis*. It is native to eastern Canada (Quebec, Ontario and New Brunswick) and much of the eastern half of the United States. In america they are found from eastern Oklahoma north to eastern South Dakota in the west and from Atlanta, Georgia and North Alabama north up into Maine to the east.

## Description

*Galearis spectabilis* can be found in mesic deciduous woodlands in the eastern United States. *G. spectabilis* produces one or two oval, fleshy basal leaves from a rhizome, which persist throughout summer. Flower stalks arise on 10–15-centimeter (3.9–5.9 in) stems with three to twelve flowers blooming in April to May. The flowers are hooded and the namesake of the plant due to the showy, typically bicolored lavender and white flowers. The lavender hood is formed from three fused sepals. Two petals are tucked inside the hood and the labellum (third petal) is longer and white.

There are two color variants: *G. spectabilis* f. *gordinierii* has an all-white flower, while *G. spectabilis* f. *willeyi* has an entirely pink flower.

## Ecology

*Galearis spectabilis* can be found in mesic deciduous woodlands in the eastern United States, they begin growth in spring, producing one or two oval, fleshy basal leaves from a rhizome, which persist throughout summer. Pollination of the flower is conducted by long-tongued *Bombus*, as well as other bees, butterflies, and moths. Besides its alluring colors, *G. spectabilis* flowers also provide pollinators a nectar reward which collects at the base of the spur. *G. spectabilis* is typically found on hillsides which may be rocky, damp and near seeps growing under a canopy of deciduous trees in half to deep shade. Plants have also been reported to be found thriving living just about a floodplain, again under a deciduous canopy. Plants are rarely seen in full sun. Plants are slow-growing and form clumps over time via crown offshoots from the rhizome.

## InfoBox

| *Galearis spectabilis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Secure  (NatureServe) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Genus: | *Galearis* |
| Species: | ***G. spectabilis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Galearis spectabilis***
(L.) Raf. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Orchis spectabilis* L. * *Habenaria spectabilis* (L.) Spreng. * *Galeorchis spectabilis* (L.) Rydb. in N.L.Britton * *Orchis humilis* Michx. * *Galearis biflora* Raf. * *Orchis spectabilis* var*. lilacina* Ames * *Galeorchis spectabilis* f*. gordinieri* House * *Orchis spectabilis* f*. gordinieri* Weath. * *Orchis spectabilis* f*. albiflora* Ulke * *Orchis spectabilis* f*. willeyi* F.Seym. * *Galearis spectabilis* f*. gordinieri* (House) R.E.Whiting & Catling * *Galearis spectabilis* f*. albiflora* (Ulke) C.F.Reed * *Galearis spectabilis* f*. willeyi* (F.Seym.) P.M.Br. | |


title: University of Utah Press

abstract: The University of Utah Press is the independent publishing branch of the University of Utah and is a division of the J. Willard Marriott Library. Founded in 1949 by A. Ray Olpin, it is also the oldest university press in Utah. The mission of the press is to "publish and disseminate scholarly books in selected fields, as well as other printed and recorded materials of significance to Utah, the region, the country, and the world." The University of Utah Press publishes in the following general subject areas: anthropology, archaeology, Mesoamerican studies, American Indian studies, natural history, nature writing, poetry, Utah and Western history, Mormon studies, Utah and regional guidebooks, and regional titles. The press employs seven people full-time and publishes 25 to 35 titles per year. The press has over 450 books currently in print.

text:
# University of Utah Press

**The University of Utah Press** is the independent publishing branch of the University of Utah and is a division of the J. Willard Marriott Library. Founded in 1949 by A. Ray Olpin, it is also the oldest university press in Utah. The mission of the press is to "publish and disseminate scholarly books in selected fields, as well as other printed and recorded materials of significance to Utah, the region, the country, and the world."

The University of Utah Press publishes in the following general subject areas: anthropology, archaeology, Mesoamerican studies, American Indian studies, natural history, nature writing, poetry, Utah and Western history, Mormon studies, Utah and regional guidebooks, and regional titles. The press employs seven people full-time and publishes 25 to 35 titles per year. The press has over 450 books currently in print.

## Prizes

The University of Utah Press awards five annual or biennial prizes for scholarly and/or literary manuscripts.

* **The Wallace Stegner Prize in Environmental or American Western History**
    + 2010: Frederick H. Swanson, *The Bitterroot and Mr. Brandborg: Clearcutting and the Struggle for Sustainable Forestry in the Northern Rockies*
* **The Juanita Brooks Prize in Mormon Studies**
    + 2015: Matthew Garrett, *Making Lamanites: Mormons, Native Americans, and the Indian Student Placement Program, 1947-2000*
    + 2013: Todd M. Compton, *A Frontier Life: Jacob Hamblin, Explorer and Indian Missionary*
* **The Don D. and Catherine S. Fowler Prize** for anthropology and archaeology
    + 2010: Scott G. Ortman, *Winds from the North: Tewa Origins and Historical Anthropology*
    + 2009: Phil R. Geib, *Foragers and Farmers of the Northern Kayenta: Excavations along the Navajo Mountain Road*
* **The Agha Shahid Ali Poetry Prize** Prizewinners are listed below according to year.
    + 2010: Jennifer Perrine, *In the Human Zoo*
    + 2009: Jon Wilkins, *Transistor Rodeo*
    + 2008: Jessica Garratt, *Fire Pond*
    + 2007: Susan McCabe, *Descartes' Nighmare*
    + 2006: Jane Springer, *Dear Blackbirds*
    + 2005: Bino Realuyo, *The Gods We Worship Live Next Door*
    + 2004: Jacqueline Berger, *Things That Burn*
    + 2003: Ann Lauinger, *Persuasions of Fall*

## Series

As of 2023, the University of Utah Press offers six series: The Juanita Brooks Series in Mormon History and Culture, The Wallace Stegner Series in Environmental Studies, Utah Series on Great Salt Lake and the Great Basin, University of Utah Anthropological Papers, National Park Readers, and Inclusive Anthropologies.

* **University of Utah Anthropological Papers**

This series is

"a medium for reporting to interested scholars and the people of Utah research in anthropology and allied sciences bearing upon the peoples and cultures of the Great Basin and the West. They include, first, specialized and technical record reports on Great Basin archeology, ethnology, linguistics, and physical anthropology, and second, more general articles on anthropological discoveries, problems, and interpretations bearing upon the western region, from the High Plains to the Pacific Coast, insofar as they are relevant to human and cultural relations in the Great Basin and surrounding areas."

The first Anthropological Paper was published in 1950 and new books continue to be published through the present.

**Past Series:**

This annual lecture series was established by philanthropist Obert Clark Tanner with the hope that the "lectures will contribute to the intellectual and moral life of mankind." Lecturers from a variety of cultures and fields are chosen on the basis of their leadership, integrity, and commitment to human values. The lectures consider the relationships between scientific and scholarly advancements and moral values and are published in an annual volume by the University of Utah Press. Past lecturers include: E. O. Wilson, Carlos Fuentes, Freeman Dyson, Paul Farmer, Steven Pinker, and Toni Morrison.

* **Utah Series in Middle East Studies**

Originally named the Utah Series in Turkish and Islamic Studies, this series published books in the area of history, politics, and society of the Middle East. M. Hakan Yavuz was the Series Editor. The first book published by the series was Guenter Lewy's *The Armenian Massacres in Ottoman Turkey: A Disputed Genocide* in 2006; the book had previously been rejected by eleven publishers including four university presses. Since then, the series published many other works that seek to reject the historical consensus that the Armenian genocide was a genocide, by such authors as Justin McCarthy, Edward J. Erickson, and Yücel Güçlü. These books have been criticized for methodological flaws and factual errors.

## InfoBox

University of Utah Press
| University of Utah Press logo with Defiance House Man, which is based upon a four-foot-tall ancient Puebloan pictograph near Glen Canyon, Utah. | |
| --- | --- |
| Parent company | J. Willard Marriott Library, University of Utah |
| Founded | 1949 |
| Founder | A. Ray Olpin |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Headquarters location | Salt Lake City, Utah |
| Distribution | Chicago Distribution Center |
| Publication types | Books |
| Official website | www.uofupress.com |


title: Peacham drawing

abstract: The Peacham drawing, or 'Longleat manuscript', is the only surviving contemporary Shakespearean illustration, now in the library of the Marquess of Bath at Longleat in Wiltshire. The drawing appears to depict a performance of Titus Andronicus, under which is quoted some dialogue. Eugene M. Waith argues of the illustration that "the gestures and costumes give us a more vivid impression of the visual impact of Elizabethan acting than we get from any other source." In the sketch, Tamora is shown pleading with her captor, Titus. Behind her, kneel her sons, Chiron and Demetrius, their hands tied behind their backs, and behind them stands Aaron, who is armed and pointing at them. Behind Titus are two male figures who may be two of his sons, but due to their dress, are more likely to be attendant soldiers. The illustration depicts no one specific moment from the play. In Act 1, Titus decides to avenge the death of his own sons in battle by sacrificing Tamora's eldest son, Alarbus, prompting her to plead with him for her son's life, which is what she is pictured doing in the illustration. In the play, however, when Tamora is pleading with Titus for the release of Alarbus, Aaron is still a prisoner. In the illustration, he is free and armed. It may be this sword is not a literal one but instead was meant by the illustrator to be a sword of lath, as a way of showing Aaron's villainy. Beneath the illustration and above the text is written a stage direction; "Enter Tamora pleadinge for her sonnes going to execution." This is an invented stage direction, not found in any known text of the play. Below this, lines from Act 1 and Act 5 are quoted. After the final line of Aaron is written "et cetera" and below, written as a speech prefix is "Alarbus", although he has no lines in the play itself. The illustration is signed in the lower left, "Henricus Peacham". Below the signature is a date; "Anno moqogqto." There is no definitive theory as to the exact form of this date. The most common interpretation is 1595, partly due to an inscription on the facing page reading "Henrye Peachams Hande 1595". However, this note appears to have been written by John Payne Collier, notorious Shakespearean forger, and as such cannot be seen as wholly reliable. Another annotation is written above the illustration; "Written by Henry Peacham – author of 'The Complete Gentleman'." This is also thought to be by Collier. Yet another annotation is found opposite the quote from Act 1; "So far from Shakespear Titus Andronicus Sc. 2." This may also be by Collier as it refers to a scene division found only in his edition of the play. There are also some points of interest in the quoted text itself. There are many simple spelling alterations from the printed editions of Titus, but what is especially interesting is that some of them correspond to the first quarto text published in 1594 (Q1); some to the second quarto text, published in 1600 (Q2); some to the third, published in 1611 (Q3); and some to the First Folio text of 1623 (F1). For example, in Q1, the word "Haystacks" is spelt "Haystalks", in Q2 it is "haystakes" and in Q3 and F1, "haystackes". In the quoted text, the Q3/F1 spelling of "haystackes" is used, suggesting the text was transcribed no earlier than 1611. However, another change is "But" altered to "Tut". This was a change introduced into the text in Q2, and maintained in Q3 and F1, and some take it as evidence that the illustration cannot be earlier than Q2 (1600). Another change is the alteration of "sonne" to "sonnes" twice during Tamora's speech, although the singular "sonne" is maintained later. The invented stage direction also uses the plural "sonnes". Only F1 uses the plural form at line 106, in what is obviously a compositors error; but why did Peacham use it, as he must have noticed the error. Was he copying from F1, and if so, how did his other alterations have come about? If the drawing was made in 1595, how is it that some of the alterations to the text correspond exactly to later editions of the play? These questions remain unanswered. To add to the lack of definitive information, June Schlueter believes the Peacham drawing does not depict Titus at all, but a 1620 German version of the play entitled Eine sehr klägliche Tragaedia von Tito Andronico. Schlueter points out that the drawing perfectly illustrates the conclusion of Act 1 of Tito Andronico. At least one major Shakespearean scholar, Brian Vickers, supports Schlueter's arguments. Richard Levin, however, argues against many of Schlueter's claims, and affirms that the drawing is a contemporary "composite" reading of Shakespeare's tragedy.

text:
# Peacham drawing

The **Peacham drawing**, or 'Longleat manuscript', is the only surviving contemporary Shakespearean illustration, now in the library of the Marquess of Bath at Longleat in Wiltshire. The drawing appears to depict a performance of *Titus Andronicus*, under which is quoted some dialogue. Eugene M. Waith argues of the illustration that "the gestures and costumes give us a more vivid impression of the visual impact of Elizabethan acting than we get from any other source."

In the sketch, Tamora (Queen of the Goths in the play) is shown pleading with her captor, Titus (a renowned general in the Roman army). Behind her, kneel her sons, Chiron and Demetrius, their hands tied behind their backs, and behind them stands Aaron (a Moor involved in a secret sexual relationship with Tamora), who is armed and pointing at them. Behind Titus are two male figures who may be two of his sons, but due to their dress, are more likely to be attendant soldiers.

The illustration depicts no one specific moment from the play. In Act 1, Titus decides to avenge the death of his own sons in battle by sacrificing Tamora's eldest son, Alarbus, prompting her to plead with him for her son's life, which is what she is pictured doing in the illustration. In the play, however, when Tamora is pleading with Titus for the release of Alarbus (who isn't present in the illustration), Aaron is still a prisoner. In the illustration, he is free and armed. It may be this sword is not a literal one but instead was meant by the illustrator to be a sword of lath (a prop associated with the Vice figure of medieval morality plays), as a way of showing Aaron's villainy.

Beneath the illustration and above the text is written a stage direction; "Enter Tamora pleadinge for her sonnes going to execution." This is an invented stage direction, not found in any known text of the play. Below this, lines from Act 1 (Tamora's plea to Titus; 1.1.104-120 and one line of Titus' reply; 1.1.121) and Act 5 (Aaron's boast of his many vile deeds; 5.1.125-144) are quoted. After the final line of Aaron is written "et cetera" and below, written as a speech prefix is "Alarbus", although he has no lines in the play itself.

The illustration is signed in the lower left, "Henricus Peacham". Below the signature is a date; "Anno moqogqto." There is no definitive theory as to the exact form of this date. The most common interpretation is 1595, partly due to an inscription on the facing page reading "Henrye Peachams Hande 1595". However, this note appears to have been written by John Payne Collier, notorious Shakespearean forger, and as such cannot be seen as wholly reliable. Another annotation is written above the illustration; "Written by Henry Peacham – author of 'The Complete Gentleman'." This is also thought to be by Collier. Yet another annotation is found opposite the quote from Act 1; "So far from Shakespear Titus Andronicus Sc. 2." This may also be by Collier as it refers to a scene division found only in his edition of the play.

There are also some points of interest in the quoted text itself. There are many simple spelling alterations from the printed editions of *Titus*, but what is especially interesting is that some of them correspond to the first quarto text published in 1594 (Q1); some to the second quarto text, published in 1600 (Q2); some to the third, published in 1611 (Q3); and some to the *First Folio* text of 1623 (F1). For example, in Q1, the word "Haystacks" is spelt "Haystalks", in Q2 it is "haystakes" and in Q3 and F1, "haystackes". In the quoted text, the Q3/F1 spelling of "haystackes" is used, suggesting the text was transcribed no earlier than 1611. However, another change is "But" altered to "Tut". This was a change introduced into the text in Q2, and maintained in Q3 and F1, and some take it as evidence that the illustration cannot be earlier than Q2 (1600). Another change is the alteration of "sonne" to "sonnes" twice during Tamora's speech (line 106 and 108), although the singular "sonne" is maintained later. The invented stage direction also uses the plural "sonnes". Only F1 uses the plural form at line 106, in what is obviously a compositors error; but why did Peacham use it, as he must have noticed the error. Was he copying from F1, and if so, how did his other alterations have come about? If the drawing was made in 1595, how is it that some of the alterations to the text correspond exactly to later editions of the play? These questions remain unanswered.

To add to the lack of definitive information, June Schlueter believes the Peacham drawing does not depict *Titus* at all, but a 1620 German version of the play entitled *Eine sehr klägliche Tragaedia von Tito Andronico*. Schlueter points out that the drawing perfectly illustrates the conclusion of Act 1 of *Tito Andronico*. At least one major Shakespearean scholar, Brian Vickers, supports Schlueter's arguments. Richard Levin, however, argues against many of Schlueter's claims, and affirms that the drawing is a contemporary "composite" reading of Shakespeare's tragedy.

## Citations

## Further reading

* Bate, Jonathan (ed.) *Titus Andronicus* (The Arden Shakespeare, 3rd Series; London: Arden, 1995), 38-44
* Hughes, Alan (ed.) *Titus Andronicus* (The New Cambridge Shakespeare; Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1994; 2nd edition 2006), 14-22
* Levin, Richard Lewis. "The Longleat Manuscript and *Titus Andronicus*", *Shakespeare Quarterly*, 53:3 (Autumn, 2002), 323-340
* Metz, G. Harold. "*Titus Andronicus*: A Watermark in the Longleat Manuscript", *Shakespeare Quarterly*, 36:4 (Winter, 1985), 450-453
* Waith, Eugene M. (ed.) *Titus Andronicus* (The Oxford Shakespeare; Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984), 20-27


title: Fumi

abstract: Fumi Dan Fumi is a feminine Japanese given name.

text:
# Fumi

**Fumi** (ふみ in hiragana or フミ in katakana) is a feminine Japanese given name.

## Possible writings

* 史, "history"
* 文, "sentence"
* 二三, "two, three"
* 芙美, "lotus, beauty"

The name can also be written in hiragana or katakana.

## People

* Fumi Dan (ふみ, born 1954), Japanese actress
* Fumi Goto (, born 1988), Japanese football defender
* Fumi Hirano (, born 1955), Japanese voice actress and essayist
* Fumi Kojima (フミ, born 1916), Japanese discus thrower
* Fumi Morisawa (芙美), Japanese voice actress
* Fumi Nikaidō (ふみ, born 1994), Japanese actress and fashion model
* Fumi Saimon (ふみ, born 1957), Japanese manga artist
* Fumi Yoshinaga (ふみ, born 1971), Japanese manga artist

## Fictional characters

* Fumi Hasegawa (ふみ), a character in the manga series *Yuyushiki*
* Fumi Himeno (二三), a character in the anime series *My-HiME*
* Fumi Kujō (ふみ), a character in the light novel series *Jinsei*
* Fumi Manjōme (ふみ), a character in the manga series *Aoi Hana*
* Fumi Nishioka (), a character in the manga series *QQ Sweeper*
* Fumi Sugi (), a character in the television series *Hana Moyu*
* Fumi Yumeoji (), a character in the *Revue Starlight* franchise

## InfoBox

Fumi
| Gender | Female |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | |
| Word/name | Japanese |
| Meaning | Different meanings depending on the kanji used |
| Other names | |
| Related names | Fumie |


title: Muscelul Stadium

abstract: The Muscelul Stadium is a multi-use stadium in Câmpulung, Argeș County. It is the home ground of ARO Muscelul Câmpulung. It holds 6,000 people, of which 3,000 are on seats.

text:
# Muscelul Stadium

The **Muscelul Stadium** is a multi-use stadium in Câmpulung, Argeș County. It is the home ground of ARO Muscelul Câmpulung. It holds 6,000 people, of which 3,000 are on seats.

## InfoBox

Muscelul Stadium
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | Bd. Ion Mihalache nr. 22 |
| Location | Câmpulung, Romania |
| Coordinates | 45°15′57.3″N 25°02′52.7″E / 45.265917°N 25.047972°E / 45.265917; 25.047972 |
| Owner | Municipality of Câmpulung |
| Operator | ARO Câmpulung
Câmpulung Muscel |
| Capacity | 6,000 (3,000 seated) |
| Surface | Grass |
| Construction | |
| Opened | 1940s |
| Renovated | 2008 |
| Tenants | |
| ARO Câmpulung (1946–present)
Câmpulung Muscel (2022-present) | |


title: Hypertrophic osteopathy

abstract: Hypertrophic osteopathy is a bone disease secondary to cancer in the lungs.

text:
# Hypertrophic osteopathy

**Hypertrophic osteopathy** is a bone disease secondary to cancer in the lungs.

## Presentation

It is characterized by new bone formation on the outside of the diaphyses of long bones of the limbs, without destruction of cortical bone. Symptoms include stiffness and warm, firm swelling of the legs, and signs of lung disease such as coughing and difficulty breathing. Hypertrophic osteopathy in humans differs from a similar condition in dogs, in that in humans it is usually caused by lung tumors or infections such as *Mycobacterium fortuitum* or *Corynebacterium*. The most common cause in dogs is primary or metastatic pulmonary neoplasia. Other potential causes in dogs include heartworm disease, heart disease, and pulmonary abscesses. It has also been associated with nonpulmonary diseases such as renal tumors and rhabdomyosarcoma of the bladder. At least once it has been caused by congenital megaesophagus in a six-year-old dog. Hypertrophic osteopathy is rare in cats.

## Causes

One theory is that hypertrophic osteopathy is caused by increased blood flow to the ends of the legs, overgrowth of connective tissue, and then new bone formation surrounding the bones. This is secondary to nerve stimulation by the lung disease. The condition may reverse if the lung mass is removed or if the vagus nerve is cut on the affected side.


title: Muhammad Alwi Dahlan

abstract: Muhammad Alwi Dahlan was an Indonesian writer and politician. He served as Minister of Information from March to May 1998. Dahlan died in Jakarta on 20 March 2024, at the age of 90.

text:
# Muhammad Alwi Dahlan

**Muhammad Alwi Dahlan** (15 May 1933 – 20 March 2024) was an Indonesian writer and politician. He served as Minister of Information from March to May 1998.

Dahlan died in Jakarta on 20 March 2024, at the age of 90.

## InfoBox

| Muhammad Alwi Dahlan | |
| --- | --- |
| Dahlan in 1998 | |
|  | |
| Minister of Information | |
| **In office**
16 March 1998  21 May 1998 | |
| Preceded by | R. Hartono |
| Succeeded by | Yunus Yosfiah |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1933-05-15)15 May 1933
Padang, Dutch East Indies |
| Died | 20 March 2024(2024-03-20) (aged 90)
Jakarta, Indonesia |
| Nationality | Indonesian |
| Education | American University (BA)
Stanford University (MA)
University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (PhD) |
| Occupation | Writer |
|  | |


title: Nowy Złaków

abstract: Nowy Złaków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zduny, within Łowicz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.

text:
# Nowy Złaków

**Nowy Złaków** \[ˈnɔvɨ ˈzwakuf\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zduny, within Łowicz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.

## InfoBox

| Nowy Złaków | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Nowy Złaków | |
| Coordinates: 52°12′52″N 19°48′41″E / 52.21444°N 19.81139°E / 52.21444; 19.81139 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Łowicz |
| Gmina | Zduny |


title: Pendleton, North Carolina

abstract: Pendleton is an unincorporated community in Northampton County, North Carolina, United States. The community is located on North Carolina Highway 35 between Conway to the south and Severn to the north. Pendleton has a post office with ZIP code 27862.

text:
# Pendleton, North Carolina

**Pendleton** is an unincorporated community in Northampton County, North Carolina, United States. The community is located on North Carolina Highway 35 between Conway to the south and Severn to the north. Pendleton has a post office with ZIP code 27862.

## InfoBox

| Pendleton, North Carolina | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Pendleton, North CarolinaPendleton, North Carolina | |
| Coordinates: 36°28′18″N 77°11′55″W / 36.47167°N 77.19861°W / 36.47167; -77.19861 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | North Carolina |
| County | Northampton |
| Elevation | 79 ft (24 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 27862 |
| Area code | 252 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1021860 |


title: University of Utah Circle

abstract: The University of Utah Circle, also known as Presidents Circle, is located on the campus of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 as a historic district.

text:
# University of Utah Circle

The  **University of Utah Circle**, also known as **Presidents Circle**, is located on the campus of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 as a historic district.

## History

In 1900 the University of Utah moved to the current east-bench campus on land that used to belong to Fort Douglas. The four original buildings, which are currently known as the John Widtsoe Building, the LeRoy Cowles Building, the Alfred Emery Building, and the James Talmage Building were built on what is now University of Utah circle.

**2024 pro-Palestinian encampment**

The circle was the site of one of manny pro-Palestinian encampments that occurred in response to the Israel-Hamas war.

## Buildings

The district is composed of the following eight buildings, which are all named after former University of Utah Presidents and located along University Circle:

* **John Widtsoe Building** (1901) - Designed by Richard K.A. Kletting and named after former university president John A. Widtsoe.
* **LeRoy Cowles Building** (1901) - Designed by Richard K.A. Kletting and named after former university president LeRoy E. Cowles in 1980. It was originally constructed to house the library. It currently houses the mathematics department at the university. "Extended Vision", a series of etched and screenprinted plates depicting math theories created by artist Anna Campbell Bliss, were installed in the building's lobby between 2001 and 2003.

* **James Talmage Building** (1902) - Designed by Richard K.A. Kletting and named after the former professor and university president James E. Talmage in 1976. It was originally constructed as a museum.

* **Park Building** (1914) - Designed by the architectural firm of Cannon, Fetzer, Hansen. Originally named the "Central Building", it was renamed the "Park Building" in 1919 after former university president John R. Park . It currently houses the office of the president and other university administrators.

* **Kingsbury Hall** (1930) - Designed by Anderson & Young and named after Joseph T. Kingsbury, former president of the university. Many of Utah's performing arts organizations started in Kingsbury Hall including Ballet West and Utah Opera.
* **David P. Gardner Hall** (1931) - Designed by Ashton & Evans. In 1980 it was named after former university president David P. Gardner. It was originally constructed to be the union building. Today it houses the school of music. A 1997 renovation added several areas to the building, including a concert hall named after Gardner's wife, Libby.
* **George Thomas Building** (1935) - Designed by Ashton & Evans and named after former university president George Thomas. It was originally built as the George Thomas Library. In 1968 when the library moved and became the J. Willard Marriott Library the building became the home of the Utah Museum of Natural History. In 2011 the "Utah Museum of Natural History" moved to a new building and changed its name to "Natural History Museum of Utah". Since 2016, a program of works has been transforming the George Thomas Building in order to receive the new "Gary and Ann Crocker Science Center":

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| University of Utah Circle | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| A view of the University of Utah Circle, November 2010 | |
|  | |
| Location | University of Utah
Salt Lake City, Utah
United States |
| Coordinates | 40°45′54″N 111°50′59″W / 40.76500°N 111.84972°W / 40.76500; -111.84972 |
| Built | 1901 - 1935 |
| Architect | Multiple (Richard Kletting; Cannon, Fetzer, Hansen; Ashton & Evans) |
| NRHP reference No. | 78002682 |
| Added to NRHP | 1978 |


title: Paweł Zenon Woś

abstract: Paweł Zenon Woś was a member of the Polish Army and the underground Polish Home Army (AK) in German-Occupied Poland during World War II. Woś was born in Warsaw, Poland in December 1920. In 1997 he, together with his parents, Paweł and Anna, were recognized as Righteous Among Nations at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem for his role in rescuing 12 Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto. Six of them perished during the Warsaw Uprising, while the rest survived to tell the story. Woś was active in the American Polonia, fighting against anti-Polish stereotypes. He later emigrated to the United States, where he died in December 2013 at the age of 92.

text:
# Paweł Zenon Woś

**Paweł Zenon Woś** (December 22, 1920 – December 2, 2013) was a member of the Polish Army and the underground Polish Home Army (AK) in German-Occupied Poland during World War II. Woś was born in Warsaw, Poland in December 1920. In 1997 he, together with his parents, Paweł and Anna, were recognized as Righteous Among Nations at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem for his role in rescuing 12 Jews from the Warsaw Ghetto. Six of them perished during the Warsaw Uprising, while the rest survived to tell the story.

Woś was active in the American Polonia, fighting against anti-Polish stereotypes. He later emigrated to the United States, where he died in December 2013 at the age of 92.


abstract: Phillips Foods, Inc. and Seafood Restaurants is a family owned and operated seafood company in the mid-Atlantic region, United States. Phillips Foods, Inc., seafood manufacturers as well as restaurateurs, specializes in crab meat and crab cakes, and produces a line of fish and shrimp products. The company is headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland. Phillips Seafood Restaurants have casual dining, buffet service and carryout.

text:
# Phillips Foods, Inc. and Seafood Restaurants

**Phillips Foods, Inc. and Seafood Restaurants** is a family owned and operated seafood company in the mid-Atlantic region, United States. Phillips Foods, Inc., seafood manufacturers as well as restaurateurs, specializes in crab meat and crab cakes, and produces a line of fish and shrimp products. The company is headquartered in Baltimore, Maryland. Phillips Seafood Restaurants have casual dining, buffet service and carryout.

## History

In 1914, Augustus E. Phillips established the company's first seafood processing plant on Hooper's Island in Maryland's Chesapeake Bay. The A.E. Phillips packing plant processed seafood from many of the watermen in the region. In 1956, after a surplus season of crabs, son Brice Phillips and wife Shirley opened the first “crab shack” in Ocean City, Maryland. Brice and Shirley began building a new dining room each year at Phillips Crab House until it finally seated 1400 people.

In 2002, the company was sued for violating the Lanham Act, a statute that provides consumer protection against false advertising. The plaintiff's claimed that Phillips was deceiving its customers after it said that it was following the original recipe while it used Asian crab meat instead of Maryland blue crab.

Phillips Seafood Restaurants currently has 5 company-owned restaurants along the eastern coast of the United States, as well as a network of franchise locations in airports, travel plazas, casinos and sporting arenas.

## Crab manufacturing

Phillips is a leading global manufacturer of crab meat, and employs over 2,000 people worldwide. The company's crab processing facilities are found in the United States and Southeast Asia. Ten plants are located worldwide. In 1990, Phillips opened crab processing facilities in Southeast Asia to ensure a year-round supply of swimming crab meat for their restaurants. Phillips Foods has global sales offices in Baltimore, MD and Bangkok, Thailand. While most of the seafood production goes to the United States, the company has a growing market in Asia, Europe, and Australia

## Products

Known primarily for their crab cakes, the company has an array of other products available to the retail and foodservice markets, such as crab meat, appetizers, fish, seafood cakes, soups, entrées, spices and sauces. Although the company's reputation was built on its origins as a producer of Maryland blue crab, it now markets primarily crab from Southeast Asia.

## InfoBox

Phillips Foods, Inc. and Seafood Restaurants
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Industry | Restaurant |
| Genre | Seafood |
| Founded | Hooper's Island (1916 (1916)) |
| Headquarters | Baltimore, Maryland, United States |
| Key people | Dean Flowers (President), COO |
| Products | Crab meat
Crab cakes
Seafood appetizers
Gourmet soups |
| Revenue | $200 million (2002) |
| Number of employees | 1,200 |
| Website | phillipsseafood.com |


title: Wu Xue

abstract: Wu Xue is a female Chinese-born table tennis player who now represents the Dominican Republic. She competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics, reaching the quarterfinals of the singles competition. She also competed in the team competition.

text:
# Wu Xue

**Wu Xue** (born 22 March 1980) is a female Chinese-born table tennis player who now represents the Dominican Republic.

She competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics, reaching the quarterfinals of the singles competition. She also competed in the team competition.

## InfoBox

| Wu Xue | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Wu Xue |
| Nationality | Dominican Republic |
| Born | 22 March 1980 (1980-03-22) (age 44)<br>Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China |
| Medal record      Women's table tennis  Representing the  Dominican Republic  Pan American Games  2011 Guadalajara  Team  2003 Santo Domingo  Singles  2007 Rio de Janeiro  Singles  2011 Guadalajara  Singles  2003 Santo Domingo  Doubles  2007 Rio de Janeiro  Team  Central American and Caribbean Games  2006 Cartagena  Singles  2006 Cartagena  Doubles  2006 Cartagena  Mixed Doubles  2006 Cartagena  Team  2010 Mayagüez  Singles  2010 Mayagüez  Mixed Doubles  2010 Mayagüez  Doubles  2010 Mayagüez  Team  Latin American Table Tennis Cup  Rio de Janeiro 2011 Singles  Latin American Championships  2004 Valvidia  Singles  2007 Guarulhos  Singles  2007 Guarulhos  Mixed Doubles  2008 Santo Domingo  Singles  2008 Santo Domingo  Doubles  2008 Santo Domingo  Mixed Doubles  2008 Santo Domingo  Team  2011 Guadalajara  Singles  2004 Valvidia  Doubles | |


title: Hypertrophinae

abstract: The Hypertrophinae are a subfamily of small moths in the family Depressariidae. The subfamily was described by Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher in 1929.

text:
# Hypertrophinae

The **Hypertrophinae** are a subfamily of small moths in the family Depressariidae. The subfamily was described by Thomas Bainbrigge Fletcher in 1929.

## Taxonomy and systematics

## InfoBox

| Hypertrophinae | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Oecophoridae |
| Subfamily: | Hypertrophinae<br>T. B. Fletcher, 1929 |
|