title: 74 Orionis

abstract: 74 Orionis is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Orion. It has the Bayer designation k Orionis, while 74 Orionis is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-white hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.04. It is located at a distance of 64 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +9 km/s. The star has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.204 arc seconds per annum. This object is an ordinary F-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of F5V. It is an estimated 2.3 billion years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 18.8 km/s. The star has 1.4 times the mass of the Sun and 1.3 times the Sun's radius. Metallicity is near solar, which indicates it has a Sun-like abundances of elements. The star is radiating three times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,595 K. 74 Orionis has two visual companions: component B, with magnitude 12.5 and separation 32.1", and C, with magnitude 9.0 and separation 195.5".

text:
# 74 Orionis

**74 Orionis** is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Orion. It has the Bayer designation **k Orionis**, while *74 Orionis* is the Flamsteed designation. This object is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-white hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.04. It is located at a distance of 64 light years from the Sun based on parallax, and is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +9 km/s. The star has a relatively high proper motion, traversing the celestial sphere at the rate of 0.204 arc seconds per annum.

This object is an ordinary F-type main-sequence star with a stellar classification of F5V. It is an estimated 2.3 billion years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 18.8 km/s. The star has 1.4 times the mass of the Sun and 1.3 times the Sun's radius. Metallicity is near solar, which indicates it has a Sun-like abundances of elements. The star is radiating three times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 6,595 K.

74 Orionis has two visual companions: component B, with magnitude 12.5 and separation 32.1", and C, with magnitude 9.0 and separation 195.5".

## InfoBox

74 Orionis
| Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000 | |
| --- | --- |
| Constellation | Orion |
|
| Right ascension | 06h 16m 26.61878s |
| Declination | 12° 16 19.7909 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.04 |
| Characteristics | |
| Evolutionary stage | main sequence |
| Spectral type | F5V |
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| U−B color index | -0.02 |
| B−V color index | +0.42 |
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| Astrometry | |
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| **Radial velocity (Rv)** | +9.17 km/s |
| **Proper motion (μ)** | RA: +83.102 mas/yr
Dec.: +186.263 mas/yr |
| **Parallax (π)** | 51.1930 ± 0.1907 mas |
| **Distance** | 63.7 ± 0.2 ly
(19.53 ± 0.07 pc) |
| **Absolute magnitude (MV)** | 3.62 |
|  | |
| Details | |
|  | |
| **Mass** | 1.39 |
| **Radius** | 1.3 |
| **Luminosity** | 3.02 |
| **Surface gravity (log *g*)** | 4.34 cgs |
| **Temperature** | 6,595 |
| **Metallicity** \[Fe/H\] | -0.03 dex |
| **Rotational velocity (*v* sin *i*)** | 18.8 km/s |
| **Age** | 2.316 Gyr |
|  | |
| Other designations | |
| k Ori, 74 Ori, BD+12°1084, FK5 1169, GC 8033, GJ 9207, HD 43386, HIP 29800, HR 2241, SAO 95476, CCDM J06165+1216A, WDS J06164+1216A, LTT 11823 | |
| Database references | |
| **SIMBAD** | data |


title: Peter Erős

abstract: Peter Sandor Erős was a Hungarian-American conductor. Erős attended the Franz Liszt Academy of Music, where he studied composition with Zoltán Kodály, chamber music with Leó Weiner, and conducting with László Somogyi. In 1956, during the Hungarian Revolution, he emigrated to The Netherlands. At age 27, he was named Associate Conductor of the Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra, a post he held for five years. While in Amsterdam, he assisted Otto Klemperer in opera productions for the Holland Festival. In the summers of 1960 and 1961, he served as a coach and assisted Hans Knappertsbusch at the Bayreuth Festival, and in 1961 was assistant conductor to Ferenc Fricsay for the Salzburg Festival production of Mozart’s "Idomeneo". He continued to assist Fricsay both in Salzburg and in Berlin with the RIAS Symphony Orchestra and Deutsche Grammophon through 1964. In 1965, Erős came to the United States for the first time at the invitation of George Szell to work with him and the Cleveland Orchestra as a Kulas Foundation Fellow. His principal appointments were as Music Director and Conductor of the Malmö Symphony Orchestra (1966–69) in Sweden, the Australian Broadcasting Commission Orchestras, the San Diego Symphony and La Jolla Chamber Orchestra (1971–1980), and the Aalborg Symphony Orchestra (1982–89) in Denmark. As a guest conductor, Peter Erős appeared regularly with major symphony orchestras and opera companies on five continents, including the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Cleveland Orchestra, Orquestra Sinfônica Brasileira, National Symphony Orchestra, Seattle Symphony Orchestra, San Francisco Symphony, Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra, Philharmoniker Hamburg, Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm, Hamburg State Opera, the Hague Residentie Orchestra, and the Scottish National Orchestra, and made nine tours of South Africa. He received ASCAP awards in 1983 and 1985 for his programming of music by American composers. Erős came to the University of Washington School of Music in Seattle, Washington in 1989 as the Morrison Endowed Professor of Conducting and Music Director and Conductor of the University Symphony and Opera, where he taught until his retirement in 2010; up until his death, he held the honorary title of Professor Emeritus. He also taught conducting from 1960–65 at the Amsterdam Conservatory, where his pupils included Hans Vonk, Edo de Waart, and Jan Stulen, and served as Director of Orchestral and Operatic Activities at the Peabody Conservatory of Music from 1982–85. At the personal request of Richard Wagner's granddaughter Friedelind, Peter Erős led the first set of recordings of orchestral works by Friedelind's father, Siegfried Wagner. Two discs were released on the Delysé label, featuring the Aalborg Symphony Orchestra conducted by Erős: the Symphony in C and the tone poems Glück, Und wenn die Welt voll Teufel wär (Scherzo), Weltersteinspielung and Sehnsucht. He also conducted the first recording of the opera Jesus Before Herod by Hungarian composer Gabriel von Wayditch (1888–1969) with the San Diego Symphony. He died in Seattle in 2014, aged 81, of a cerebral hemorrhage.

text:
# Peter Erős

**Peter Sandor Erős** (22 September 1932, Budapest - 12 September 2014, Seattle) was a Hungarian-American conductor.

Erős attended the Franz Liszt Academy of Music, where he studied composition with Zoltán Kodály, chamber music with Leó Weiner, and conducting with László Somogyi.

In 1956, during the Hungarian Revolution, he emigrated to The Netherlands. At age 27, he was named Associate Conductor of the Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra, a post he held for five years. While in Amsterdam, he assisted Otto Klemperer in opera productions for the Holland Festival. In the summers of 1960 and 1961, he served as a coach and assisted Hans Knappertsbusch at the Bayreuth Festival, and in 1961 was assistant conductor to Ferenc Fricsay for the Salzburg Festival production of Mozart’s "Idomeneo". He continued to assist Fricsay both in Salzburg and in Berlin with the RIAS Symphony Orchestra and Deutsche Grammophon through 1964. In 1965, Erős came to the United States for the first time at the invitation of George Szell to work with him and the Cleveland Orchestra as a Kulas Foundation Fellow.

His principal appointments were as Music Director and Conductor of the Malmö Symphony Orchestra (1966–69) in Sweden, the Australian Broadcasting Commission Orchestras (1967–69, Sydney and Melbourne; 1975–79, Perth), the San Diego Symphony and La Jolla Chamber Orchestra (1971–1980), and the Aalborg Symphony Orchestra (1982–89) in Denmark.

As a guest conductor, Peter Erős appeared regularly with major symphony orchestras and opera companies on five continents, including the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, Cleveland Orchestra, Orquestra Sinfônica Brasileira, National Symphony Orchestra, Seattle Symphony Orchestra, San Francisco Symphony, Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra, Philharmoniker Hamburg, Stockholm Philharmonic Orchestra, Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm, Hamburg State Opera, the Hague Residentie Orchestra, and the Scottish National Orchestra, and made nine tours of South Africa. He received ASCAP awards in 1983 and 1985 for his programming of music by American composers.

Erős came to the University of Washington School of Music in Seattle, Washington in 1989 as the Morrison Endowed Professor of Conducting and Music Director and Conductor of the University Symphony and Opera, where he taught until his retirement in 2010; up until his death, he held the honorary title of Professor Emeritus. He also taught conducting from 1960–65 at the Amsterdam Conservatory, where his pupils included Hans Vonk, Edo de Waart, and Jan Stulen, and served as Director of Orchestral and Operatic Activities at the Peabody Conservatory of Music from 1982–85.

At the personal request of Richard Wagner's granddaughter Friedelind, Peter Erős led the first set of recordings of orchestral works by Friedelind's father, Siegfried Wagner. Two discs were released on the Delysé label, featuring the Aalborg Symphony Orchestra conducted by Erős: the Symphony in C and the tone poems *Glück*, *Und wenn die Welt voll Teufel wär* (Scherzo), *Weltersteinspielung* and *Sehnsucht*. He also conducted the first recording of the opera *Jesus Before Herod* by Hungarian composer Gabriel von Wayditch (1888–1969) with the San Diego Symphony.

He died in Seattle in 2014, aged 81, of a cerebral hemorrhage.

1. see Heyworth, Peter. Otto Klemperer: His Life and Times. 1885 - 1973. Volume 2 (2 volume set). Cambridge, 1996
2. Erős led the San Francisco Symphony premiere performance of 10th Symphony by Dmitri Shostakovich in 1969. See Michael Steinberg's official program notes. Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
3. see Reurich, Luuk. Hans Vonk, Ein dirigentenleven. Thoth (Bussum, The Netherlands), 2006.
4. see Wallich, Isabella. Recording My Life. Sanctuary Publishing (London), 2001.
5. Delysé Records SLL2
6. Delysé Records SLL3
7. Gabriel von Wayditch, Jesus Before Herod, opera in One Act (1918), etc. Peter Erős, San Diego Symphony Orchestra. Recorded in 1979. Originally released on LP by Musical Heritage Society. Reissued on CD by VAI Audio, 1095-2.
8. School of Music, University of Washington. Retrieved 30 March 2015


title: William H. Chamberlain

abstract: William H. Chamberlain was a Democratic politician who was elected to various Illinois state offices. Born in Sangamon County, Illinois, Chamberlain was the delegate to the Democratic National Convention from Illinois in 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was the Secretary of State for Illinois, thereafter serving as circuit judge until his death in 1972. He was a member of the Knights of Columbus, Urban League, and American Judicature Society. On his death, he was interred at the Calvary Cemetery in Springfield, Illinois. There is a baseball field named after Judge Chamberlain in Springfield, Illinois.

text:
# William H. Chamberlain

**William H. Chamberlain** (January 22, 1931 – October 12, 1972) was a Democratic politician who was elected to various Illinois state offices.

Born in Sangamon County, Illinois, Chamberlain was the delegate to the Democratic National Convention from Illinois in 1964. From 1964 to 1965 he was the Secretary of State for Illinois, thereafter serving as circuit judge until his death in 1972.

He was a member of the Knights of Columbus, Urban League, and American Judicature Society. On his death, he was interred at the Calvary Cemetery in Springfield, Illinois.

There is a baseball field named after Judge Chamberlain in Springfield, Illinois.

## InfoBox

| William H. Chamberlain | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 30th Secretary of State of Illinois | |
| **In office**
1964–1965 | |
| Governor | Otto Kerner, Jr. |
| Preceded by | Charles F. Carpentier |
| Succeeded by | Paul Powell |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1931-01-22)January 22, 1931
Sangamon County, Illinois |
| Died | 1973 |
|  | |


title: RCAF Station Dunnville

abstract:
Royal Canadian Air Force Station Dunnville was a Second World War British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP) station located near Dunnville, Ontario. The station was home to No. 6 Service Flying Training School and is usually known by that name.
Service Flying Training schools trained pilots, either single engine or multi-engine, and 6 SFTS was a single engine school. After graduation the new pilots were assigned various duties, which might be overseas in the Royal Air Force or an RCAF squadron; or in Canada as instructors or staff pilots in the BCATP, or for duty in RCAF Home Defence squadrons. The British Commonwealth Air Training Plan was a temporary wartime measure that ended on 29 March 1945. No. 6 SFTS opened 25 November 1940 and closed on 1 December 1944, and during this time 2,436 airmen received their wings at Dunnville.

text:
# RCAF Station Dunnville

**Royal Canadian Air Force Station Dunnville** was a Second World War British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP) station located near Dunnville, Ontario. The station was home to **No. 6 Service Flying Training School** and is usually known by that name. Service Flying Training schools trained pilots, either single engine or multi-engine, and 6 SFTS was a single engine school. After graduation the new pilots were assigned various duties, which might be overseas in the Royal Air Force or an RCAF squadron; or in Canada as instructors or staff pilots in the BCATP, or for duty in RCAF Home Defence squadrons.

The British Commonwealth Air Training Plan was a temporary wartime measure that ended on 29 March 1945. No. 6 SFTS opened 25 November 1940 and closed on 1 December 1944, and during this time 2,436 airmen received their wings at Dunnville.

## Construction and operation of the school

Like most of the BCATP airfields, No. 6 SFTS was located in a sparsely populated rural area close to rail lines, highways, and a town. The 400 acre site for No. 6 was three kilometers south of Dunnville near the mouth of the Grand River in Lake Erie. It had a primary relief field, or R1, at RCAF Welland just five or six minutes flying time away, and within twenty four minutes flying time there were more RCAF airfields - Brantford, Burtch, Cayuga, Dufferin, Hagersville, Jarvis, Mount Hope, St. Catharines, Tillsonburg, and Willoughby. The site lay on the air route from Buffalo, New York to Detroit, Michigan, used by American Airlines and Bell Aircraft, and the Fleet Aircraft factory was close by in Fort Erie, Ontario. This gave the pilots and trainees at Dunnville many places to land if they got lost or had a mechanical problem, but it also meant there was a lot of air traffic in the area.

The airfield used the standard Canadian equilateral triangle layout with double runways, five hangars, and a fifty-acre camp. The sports and recreation fields were on the east side of Port Maitland Road, across from the main entrance. No. 6 was one of the earliest training airfields and its hangars were constructed of steel columns and roof trusses covered by a rough wooden frame, diagonal planking, and wooden shingles; whereas hangars built later in the program used laminated wooden columns and roof trusses. There was a bombing target eight kilometres northwest on the Grand River, and a triangular bombing and gunnery range near Mohawk Island in Lake Erie.

A Service Flying Training School like Dunnville was the intermediate step in a Commonwealth pilot's training program. Trainees had already learned to fly during the fifty hours they spent at an Elementary Flying Training School. At the SFTS they studied advanced techniques like formation flying, low flying, bombing and gunnery, night flying, instrument flying, and radio work, and became familiar with the administration and procedures associated with operating and maintaining military aircraft. At the end of their SFTS course they were presented with their RCAF "wings", and those selected for operations moved on to an Operational Training Unit for advanced training.

When the school opened in 1940 trainees stayed there for nine weeks, and by 1943 the length of the course increased to sixteen weeks. At the peak of activity in 1943 roughly 1,400 people were stationed at Dunnville, and sixty four Harvard Mk. IIs, thirty six Harvard Mk. IIBs, eight Mk. II Ansons were in use, with a further six Harvards in storage.

## Aerodrome information

In approximately 1942 the aerodrome was listed as **RCAF Aerodrome - Dunnville, Ontario** at 42°53′N 79°36′W / 42.883°N 79.600°W / 42.883; -79.600 with a variation of 7 degrees west and elevation of 605 ft (184 m). The aerodrome was listed with six runways as follows:

| Runway Name | Length | Width | Surface |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 5/23 | 2,750 ft (840 m) | 100 ft (30 m) | Hard Surfaced |
| 5/23 | 2,500 ft (760 m) | 100 ft (30 m) | Hard Surfaced |
| 10/28 | 3,500 ft (1,100 m) | 100 ft (30 m) | Hard Surfaced |
| 10/28 | 3,000 ft (910 m) | 100 ft (30 m) | Hard Surfaced |
| 15/33 | 2,600 ft (790 m) | 100 ft (30 m) | Hard Surfaced |
| 15/33 | 2,400 ft (730 m) | 100 ft (30 m) | Hard Surfaced |

## Honours and awards

Flying Officer (F/O) Ross P. McLean, an instructor at No. 6 SFTS, was **Commended for Valuable Services in the Air** on 26 October 1943.

Five months later, on 12 March 1944, McLean was taxiing his aircraft when he saw a Harvard crash on another runway and catch fire. He taxied over to the burning Harvard and with the assistance of Leading Aircraftman (LAC) Norman F. Wolgast, pulled the pilot out of the flames just before the burning aircraft was completely destroyed. McLean was made a Member, Order of the British Empire, and Wolgast, from the Royal Australian Air Force, received the British Empire Medal.

## Distinguished graduates

Some of the more noteworthy pilots who trained at this station include:

## Remembrance

Most of the BCATP stations suffered casualties, many in flying accidents, and the toll at Dunnville was particularly high. Forty seven lives were lost at the station; twenty five trainees, eighteen instructors, and four others. These men are remembered by the memorial at the public library in Dunnville, and, at the old airport, the plaque on Port Maitland Road near the entrance, and the magnificent memorial in front of the hangars. These memorials are maintained by the No. 6 RCAF Dunnville Museum, located in Hangar 1.

Some of those who died at the station are buried in Dunnville, most at Dunnville (Riverside) Cemetery, and one at St. Michael's Roman Catholic Cemetery

In addition to these men who are formally remembered, Air Cadet Morrison of Hamilton drowned on July 18,1943 while swimming at an Air Cadet camp held at RCAF Dunnville. Mr. Morrison is not considered an "official" casualty of the Second World War.

## Postwar

The Royal Canadian Air Force retained the airfield after No. 6 SFTS closed and it became a detachment of No. 6 Repair Depot in Trenton. Harvards, Chipmunks, and Lancasters were stored at the field until the RCAF disposed of the property in 1964. One of the last aircraft stored at Dunnville, RCAF Lancaster FM212, was moved to Windsor, Ontario by barge and in 2016 is being restored by the Canadian Historical Aircraft Association.

The Cold Springs Turkey Farm took over the property in 1964, and many years later it became the Dunnville Airport.

In 2003 the Canadian Society for Civil Engineering designated the Dunnville Airport property as a National Historic Civil Engineering site.

1. Hatch, F. J. (1983). *The Aerodrome of Democracy: Canada and the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan, 1939–1945*. Ottawa: Directorate of History, Department of National Defence. ISBN 0660114437.
2. *Air Navigation Edition Toronto-Windsor* (Map) (1944 ed.). Cartography by Hydrographic and Map Service. Canada Department of Mines and Resources, Surveys and Engineering Branch.
3. Schweyer, Robert (2004). "RCAF Dunnville - No. 6 SFTS". *Roar of the Harvard*. Tillsonburg, Ontario: Canadian Harvard Aircraft Association.
4. Staff writer (c. 1942). *Pilots Handbook of Aerodromes and Seaplane Bases Vol. 1*. Royal Canadian Air Force. p. 105.
5. Anon. "Honours & Awards - RCAF Personnel 1939–1945". Air Force Association of Canada. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
6. Anon. "Honours & Awards - RAF, RAAF, and RNZAF personnel serving in Canada". Air Force Association of Canada. Retrieved 24 August 2016.
7. GPS: 42.90705, -79.63456; https://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/49147/dunnville-(riverside)-cemetery/
8. GPS: 42.91786 -79.63126; https://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/49148/dunnville-(st.-michael's)-roman-catholic-cemetery/
9. Battagello, David (January 14, 2013). "Saving Lancaster bomber a slow-going 'Labour of love'". Windsor, Ontario: Windsor Star.

## InfoBox

| RCAF Station Dunnville | |
| --- | --- |
| Ontario
Near Dunnville, Ontario in Canada | |
| The site of No. 6 SFTS in 2020 | |
| RCAF Station Dunnville | |
| Coordinates | 42°52′20″N 079°35′45″W / 42.87222°N 79.59583°W / 42.87222; -79.59583 (RCAF Station Dunnville) |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Department of National Defence |
| Operator | Royal Canadian Air Force |
| Controlled by | No. 1 Training Command |
| Website | Airfields |
| Site history | |
| In use | 1940-1944 |
| Garrison information | |
| Past
commanders | G/C Alan H. Hull - 1940 |
| Garrison | No. 6 Service Flying Training School |
| Airfield information | |
| Identifiers | IATA: none, ICAO: none |
| Elevation | 605 ft (184 m) AMSL |
| Runways  Direction Length and surface  5/23 2,750 ft (840 m) Hard Surfaced  5/23 2,500 ft (760 m) Hard Surfaced  10/28 3,500 ft (1,100 m) Hard Surfaced  10/28 3,000 ft (910 m) Hard Surfaced  15/33 2,600 ft (790 m) Hard Surfaced  15/33 2,400 ft (730 m) Hard Surfaced | |


title: RTNC Congo Building

abstract: RTNC Congo Building is a skyscraper in Kinshasa, DRC. The 22 story building houses the headquarters of Radio-Télévision nationale congolaise. It is located on Avenue Pierre Mulele.

text:
# RTNC Congo Building

**RTNC Congo Building** is a skyscraper in Kinshasa, DRC. The 22 story building houses the headquarters of Radio-Télévision nationale congolaise. It is located on Avenue Pierre Mulele.

## InfoBox

| RTNC Congo Building | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Status | Completed |
| Type | Commercial |
| Location | Kinshasa, DRC |
| Height | |
| Roof | 259 ft (79 m) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 22 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Oisin O’Brien |


title: Nicholas Thatcher

abstract:
Nicholas Thatcher is Professor of Oncology at the University of Manchester, in the School of Cancer and Imaging Sciences at the Christie Hospital NHS Trust and Wythenshawe Hospital; he was appointed to the position of Professor in 1996. He received his PhD from Manchester University, after prior education at the University of Cambridge and St Bartholomew’s Hospital Medical College, London. His specialty is clinical and translational research in renal cell cancer, melanoma and lung cancer. He was investigator in key clinical trials dealing with chemotherapy methods and dosages in small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. He has written several hundred peer-reviewed papers in major scientific medical journals and has directed several PhD theses. He is joint editor of the textbook, New perspectives in lung cancer / edited by Nick Thatcher and Stephen Spiro., 2nd ed, Edited by Martin Muers, Nicholas Thatcher, Francis Wells & Andrew Miles. London : BMJ Publishing, 1994. ISBN 0-7279-0786-7. His most cited papers, according to Google Scholar are:
  - Molecular Predictors of Outcome With Gefitinib in a Phase III Placebo-Controlled Study in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer, by Fred R. Hirsch, Marileila Varella-Garcia, Paul A. Bunn, Jr, Wilbur A. Franklin, Rafal Dziadziuszko, Nick Thatcher, Alex Chang, Purvish Parikh, José Rodrigues Pereira, Tudor Ciuleanu, Joachim von Pawel, Claire Watkins, Angela Flannery, Gillian Ellison, Emma Donald, Lucy Knight, Nicholas Botwood, Brian Holloway
  - Randomized Phase III Study of Temozolomide Versus Dacarbazine in the Treatment of Patients With Advanced Metastatic Malignant Melanoma, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 24, No 31, 2006: pp. 5034–5042, by M. R. Middleton, J. J. Grob, N. Aaronson, G. Fierlbeck, W. Tilgen, S. Seiter, M. Gore, S. Aamdal, J. Cebon, A. Coates, B. Dreno, M. Henz, D. Schadendorf, A. Kapp, J. Weiss, U. Fraass, P. Statkevich, M. Muller, N. Thatcher, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 18, Issue 1 (January), 2000: 158-

text:
# Nicholas Thatcher

**Nicholas Thatcher** is Professor of Oncology at the University of Manchester, in the School of Cancer and Imaging Sciences at the Christie Hospital NHS Trust and Wythenshawe Hospital; he was appointed to the position of Professor in 1996. He received his PhD from Manchester University, after prior education at the University of Cambridge and St Bartholomew’s Hospital Medical College, London.

His specialty is clinical and translational research in renal cell cancer, melanoma and lung cancer.

He was investigator in key clinical trials dealing with chemotherapy methods and dosages in small cell lung cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. He has written several hundred peer-reviewed papers in major scientific medical journals and has directed several PhD theses. He is joint editor of the textbook, *New perspectives in lung cancer / edited by Nick Thatcher and Stephen Spiro.*, 2nd ed, Edited by Martin Muers, Nicholas Thatcher, Francis Wells & Andrew Miles. London : BMJ Publishing, 1994. ISBN 0-7279-0786-7.

His most cited papers, according to Google Scholar are:

* Molecular Predictors of Outcome With Gefitinib in a Phase III Placebo-Controlled Study in Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer, by Fred R. Hirsch, Marileila Varella-Garcia, Paul A. Bunn, Jr, Wilbur A. Franklin, Rafal Dziadziuszko, Nick Thatcher, Alex Chang, Purvish Parikh, José Rodrigues Pereira, Tudor Ciuleanu, Joachim von Pawel, Claire Watkins, Angela Flannery, Gillian Ellison, Emma Donald, Lucy Knight, Nicholas Botwood, Brian Holloway
* Randomized Phase III Study of Temozolomide Versus Dacarbazine in the Treatment of Patients With Advanced Metastatic Malignant Melanoma, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 24, No 31 (November 1), 2006: pp. 5034–5042, by M. R. Middleton, J. J. Grob, N. Aaronson, G. Fierlbeck, W. Tilgen, S. Seiter, M. Gore, S. Aamdal, J. Cebon, A. Coates, B. Dreno, M. Henz, D. Schadendorf, A. Kapp, J. Weiss, U. Fraass, P. Statkevich, M. Muller, N. Thatcher, Journal of Clinical Oncology, Vol 18, Issue 1 (January), 2000: 158-


title: Gold Award (Girl Scouts of the USA)

abstract: The Gold Award is the highest achievement within the Girl Scouts of the USA, earned by Senior and Ambassador Girl Scouts. Only 5.4% of eligible Girl Scouts earn the Gold Award.

text:
# Gold Award (Girl Scouts of the USA)

The **Gold Award** is the highest achievement within the Girl Scouts of the USA, earned by Senior and Ambassador Girl Scouts. Only 5.4% of eligible Girl Scouts earn the Gold Award.

## History

Girl Scout's highest award was created in 1916 and evolved over the years.

### Golden Eaglet of Merit: 1916 to 1918

This award was a pin of an eagle with its wings spread, on a red, white, and blue ribbon.

### Golden Eaglet: 1919 to 1938

In 1919 the name of the award was changed to the Golden Eaglet. Requirements for the award ranged through these years from earning 14 out of 17 specific badges, earning the Medal of Merit, earning a different number of badges, and the acceptance of a letter of Commendation instead of the Medal of Merit. The award emblem changed from the spread-winged eagle and ribbon to an eagle with half-furled wings and a "G" and an "S" on either side of its head.

The founder of Girl Scouts, Juliette Gordon Low, wrote in November 1923: “The five requirements for winning the Golden Eaglet are character, health, handicraft, happiness and service, and that others will expect to find in our Golden Eaglet a perfect specimen of girlhood: mentally, morally, and physically.”

### First Class: 1938 to 1940

In 1938 the Golden Eaglet changed to the First Class Award.

### Curved Bar: 1940 to 1963

This award was earned by Intermediate Scouts who had already earned the First Class Award and was a bridge to Senior rank. Because of the shortage of metal during WWII, at first the award was a curved embroidered patch worn on the uniform. In 1947, the Curved Bar pin was introduced.

### First Class: 1963 to 1980

In 1963 the award reverted to being called First Class. Requirements for earning the First Class Award changed over the 17 years it was offered. Beginning in 1963, Cadette Scouts were required to earn four Challenges, plus at least six badges in specific areas:

* Social Dependability
* Emergency Preparedness
* Active Citizenship
* Girl Scout Promise

In 1972, eight new Challenges were offered:

* Arts
* Community Action
* Environment
* International Understanding
* Knowing Myself
* My Heritage
* Out-of-Doors
* Today's World

The Scout was permitted to choose any four of the twelve Challenges.

In addition to the four Challenges, a Scout was required to earn at least one badge in each of six areas:

* Arts
* Home
* Citizenship
* Out-of-Doors
* Health and Safety
* International Understanding

Alternately, from 1972 to 1980, a Scout could earn any seven of the twelve Challenges, with no badge requirements.

### Gold Award: since 1980

#### 1980 to 2004

In 1980 the Gold Award was introduced. In 1990, National Council Session delegates approved a proposal which would keep the name of the Gold Award in perpetuity.

Until 2004, requirements for earning the award were:

* Earning the Girl Scout Gold Leadership Award, which requires girls to complete minimum of 80 hours of leadership work, as well as earn three Interest Projects and one Focus Book relevant to their project.
* Earning the Girl Scout Gold Career Award, which requires girls to complete 40 hours of career exploration.
* Earning the Girl Scout Gold 4Bs Challenge, which required girls to assess their community and its needs, and develop a vision for change. Up to 15 hours work on the 4Bs challenge could be counted toward the 65 hours for the service project.

#### Since 2004

* Complete two Girl Scout Senior or Ambassador Journeys, or complete one Girl Scout Senior or Ambassador journey and have earned the Silver Award.
* Plan and implement an individual "Take Action" project that reaches beyond the Girl Scout organization and provides a sustainable, lasting benefit to the girl's larger community.

Once these steps have been met, girls use their vision for change for a service project, which requires a minimum of 80 hours of work in planning and actually completing the project. All of these hours must be completed by the Awardee, and though it is encouraged that the girl use troop members and others from the community to help her, their time spent does not count towards her 80-hour requirement. Plans must be developed with the aid of an advisor, then a project proposal must be submitted and approved by the girl's local council before starting the project, and a final report submitted and approved after the project's completion.

## Insignia

The Gold Award emblem is presented as a pin resembling an eight-pointed gold star with rays radiating from a central, polished trefoil.

## Benefits

Recipients of the Gold Award who enlist in the U.S. Armed Forces may receive advanced rank in recognition of their achievements. Some universities and colleges offer scholarships to Gold Award recipients. Yearly, GSUSA selects ten girls to be National Young Women of Distinction based on their Gold Award projects.

## Notable recipients

## Highest awards in other programs

The Gold Award is often compared to the Eagle Scout in Scouts BSA program of the Boy Scouts of America and General Billy Mitchell Award in Cadet Programs of the Civil Air Patrol.

## InfoBox

| Gold Award | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Owner | Girl Scouts of the USA |
| Created | 1980 |
|  | |
|


title: OneAPI (GSM telecom)

abstract: OneAPI is a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) supported by the GSM Association that exposes network capabilities over the Internet. OneAPI, as defined by the telecom industry—led by GSMA and the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA)—is a set of standardized and lightweight Web-friendly application programming interfaces (API) for communications service providers (CSPs) to use to expose their networks. Building on OneAPI version 2.0 specifications, the current OneAPI specifications are at version 3 beta. Any mobile operator or service provider is able to implement and use OneAPI. OneAPI is intended to complement existing client-side and Web APIs and not replace it, by providing access to network capabilities and information, regardless of operator.

text:
# OneAPI (GSM telecom)

**OneAPI** is a set of application programming interfaces (APIs) supported by the GSM Association that exposes network capabilities over the Internet.

**OneAPI**, as defined by the telecom industry—led by GSMA and the Open Mobile Alliance (OMA)—is a set of standardized and lightweight Web-friendly application programming interfaces (API) for communications service providers (CSPs) to use to expose their networks. Building on OneAPI version 2.0 specifications, the current OneAPI specifications are at version 3 beta (published from February to April 2012).

Any mobile operator or service provider is able to implement and use OneAPI. OneAPI is intended to complement existing client-side and Web APIs and not replace it, by providing access to network capabilities and information, regardless of operator.

## It supersedes Parlay X APIs

OneAPI differs from Parlay X in that the network capabilities are exposed in a RESTful fashion, with JSON responses, to facilitate mash-ups with Web APIs. Also the number of functions has been reduced to keep things simple.

Vodafone has sponsored and led the GSMA OneAPI project since its inception in 2008.

### OneAPI v1.0

* Payments - the ability to charge the user's bill (or pre-pay credits) for downloads and in-app micropayments. The API allows a direct charge, pending user authorization, or the ability to first reserve funds and then charge later (for example, when you are satisfied that they have received the item paid for). You may check the receipt of a particular transaction, and refund a user fully or partially for a previous transaction.
* Location - locate one or more users to the requested accuracy. The operator will aim to respond as close to the requested accuracy as possible.
* Messaging - the ability to send a SMS/MMS to a user, or a batch of users; and also the ability to have users send SMS or MMS to your Web application.

### OneAPI v2.0

* Data Connection Profile - lookup the network, bearer and roaming status of a particular terminal
* Device Capability Profile - determine the make/model of device and a link to its UA Prof (or similar) description
* Call control - set up and manage calls between two or more parties, including a Web IVR application and a user

User authorisation is handled via an OAuth flow. This makes OneAPI compatible with many Web services (Facebook, Twitter, Google) that support OAuth, and it ensures that users are in consent that their private info can be shared with web applications.


title: Gini & Jony

abstract: Gini & Jony is an Indian kid's fashion brand, promoted by the Lakhani brothers, since 1980. The brand sells apparel through a mix of company-owned and franchisee outlets, and is currently present in 106 cities with 200 exclusive brand outlets and other large format multi-brand stores, like Shoppers Stop, Lifestyle Stores, Pantaloons etc. While the promoter group holds the majority stake in the organization..

text:
# Gini & Jony

**Gini & Jony** is an Indian kid's fashion brand, promoted by the Lakhani brothers, since 1980. The brand sells apparel through a mix of company-owned and franchisee outlets, and is currently present in 106 cities with 200 exclusive brand outlets and other large format multi-brand stores, like Shoppers Stop, Lifestyle Stores, Pantaloons etc. While the promoter group holds the majority stake in the organization..

## Refer

6.http://www.top10in.in/top-10-best-gini-and-jony-boys-t-shirts-in-india-2016/

## InfoBox

Gini & Joni Limited
|
|  |
| Industry | Textiles, Apparel and Luxury Goods |
| Founded | 1980 |
| Founder | Prakash Lakhani, Jay Lakhani, Anil Lakhani |
| Headquarters | Mumbai, Maharashtra
India |
| Key people | Prakash Lakhani (Chairman),
Jaikishan H. Lakhani (Executive Director,
Anil J. Lakhani (Chief Operating Officer |
| Products | Apparel |
| Number of employees | 2,012 (2011) |
| Website | www.giniandjony.com |


title: It's a Jungle Out There!

abstract: It's a Jungle Out There is the first album by Mastedon, the studio project formed by brothers John & Dino Elefante. It was released in 1989 on Regency Records, while they were setting up their own label "Pakaderm Records". Long out-of-print, it was re-issued by Deep Music Distribution in 2006 in the form of digital downloads, available from iTunes and eMusic, and in 2022, a remastered CD-only release from Girder Music. The album was re-issued by Italian label Frontiers Records on November 6, 2009, with three additional tracks: a Mastedon song from 1987's California Metal compilation, "Wasn't It Love", and two live songs from the Cornerstone Festival in 1991, "Islands in the Sky" and "Right Hand".

text:
# It's a Jungle Out There!

***It's a Jungle Out There*** is the first album by Mastedon, the studio project formed by brothers John & Dino Elefante. It was released in 1989 on Regency Records, while they were setting up their own label "Pakaderm Records". Long out-of-print, it was re-issued by Deep Music Distribution in 2006 in the form of digital downloads, available from iTunes and eMusic, and in 2022, a remastered CD-only release from Girder Music.

The album was re-issued by Italian label Frontiers Records on November 6, 2009, with three additional tracks: a Mastedon song from 1987's *California Metal* compilation, "Wasn't It Love", and two live songs from the Cornerstone Festival in 1991, "Islands in the Sky" and "Right Hand".

## Track listing

| Track Title | Composer(s) | Length | Re-issue Bonus Track |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 01 "It's a Jungle Out There" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 3:52 | No |
| 02 "Glory Bound" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 4:18 | No |
| 03 "This is the Day" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 4:12 | No |
| 04 "Love Inhalation" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 4:40 | No |
| 05 "Islands in the Sky" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 3:45 | No |
| 06 "Get Up" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 4:00 | No |
| 07 "Love That Will Survive" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 4:04 | No |
| 08 "Innocent Girl" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 3:39 | No |
| 09 "Shine On" | Music\- John & Dino Elefante / Lyrics\- Bob Hartman | 4:26 | No |
| 10 "Right Hand" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 6:04 | No |
| 11 "Wasn't It Love" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 4:42 | Yes |
| 12 "Islands in the Sky (Live at Cornerstone '91)" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 3:34 | Yes |
| 13 "Right Hand (Live at Cornerstone '91)" | John Elefante / Dino Elefante | 5:46 | Yes |
|

* All songs by John Elefante/Dino Elefante © 1988 Uncle Pitts Music (except for track number 9 / © 1988 Uncle Pitts Music/Petsong Publishing).
* Note: track number 6 is also found on the Christian metal compilation "*California Metal Volume II*" (1988) on Regency Records as track number 6.
* Note: track number 11 is also available on the Christian metal compilation "*Classic Metal*" (1990) on the Regency Records label as track number 1 as well as on the Christian metal compilation *California Metal*.

## Personnel

**Musicians**

**Vocals**

* David Robbins – lead vocals (1)
* Dave Amato – lead vocals (2, 7, 10), backing vocals
* John Elefante – lead vocals (3, 5, 6, 11-13 \[bonus tracks\]), backing vocals
* Perry Lee – lead vocals (4, 8)
* David Pack – lead vocals (9)
* Coni Gayle – additional lead vocals (9)
* Michelle Lynn – additional lead vocals (9)
* Dino Elefante – backing vocals

## Production

* David Malme – executive producer
* John Moore – executive producer
* John Elefante – producer, engineer, mixing
* Dino Elefante – producer, engineer, mixing
* Mike Mireau – engineer, mixing
* Ben Rodgers – additional engineer
* Jeff Simmons – assistant engineer
* Steve Hall – mastering at Future Disc (Hollywood, California)
* Robert Fischer – illustration
* Scott Waters – design, layout

## Album notes

* The vocals on this album were processed through the Eventide H-3000SE with special thanks to Gil Griffith
* Perry Lee appears courtesy of Tracer Fox
* This album is dedicated to the legend of "Uncle Pitts" Elefante who brought joy to all our lives.
* The album is also dedicated to Amande Elefante who is recovering from a severe brain aneurysm, thanks to your prayers.
* Mas'te'don: Any of various, large extinct animals resembling the elephant but larger, much larger
* "Innocent Girl" was dedicated to Shauna Grant.

## InfoBox

| It's a Jungle Out There! | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Mastedon | |
| Released | 1989 |
| Recorded | 1988 |
| Studio | Pakaderm Studios (Los Alamitos, California); Pack's Place (Sunland, California). |
| Genre | Rock |
| Length | 43:21 (56:57 re-issue) |
| Label | Regency Records/
SPECTRA Distribution |
| Producer | John & Dino Elefante |
| Mastedon chronology | |
| *California Metal*
(1987) ***It's a Jungle Out There!***
(1989) *Lofcaudio*
(1990) | |


title: Peter McKay (cricketer)

abstract: Peter John McKay is an English cricketer who played for Warwickshire between 2013 and 2015. He is a left-handed batsman who also plays as a wicket-keeper. McKay made his first-class debut for Warwickshire against Oxford MCCU in April 2013.

text:
# Peter McKay (cricketer)

**Peter John McKay** (born 12 October 1994 in Burton-upon-Trent) is an English cricketer who played for Warwickshire between 2013 and 2015. He is a left-handed batsman who also plays as a wicket-keeper. McKay made his first-class debut for Warwickshire against Oxford MCCU in April 2013.

## InfoBox

Peter McKay
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Peter John McKay |
| Born | (1994-10-12) 12 October 1994<br>Burton-upon-Trent, Staffordshire, England |
| Batting | Left-handed |
| Role | Wicket-keeper |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 2013–2015 | Warwickshire *(squad no. 18)* |
|  | |
| FC debut | 5 April 2013 Warwickshire v Oxford MCCU |
| LA debut | 6 May 2013 Warwickshire v Kent |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition FC LA T20  Matches 5 6 12  Runs scored 97 48 3  Batting average 12.12 24.00 3.00  100s/50s 0/0 0/0 0/0  Top score 33 22 2  Catches/stumpings 8/1 5/1 6/2 | |
|  | |
| Source: CricketArchive, 5 May 2015 | |


title: William H. Clifford

abstract: William H. Clifford was an American politician who served in the Ohio House of Representatives. He was a Republican. He served two terms in the Ohio House of Representatives from 1894 to 1895 and 1898 to 1899. He was born in Cleveland. He was married to Carrie Williams Clifford in 1886 and had sons Joshua and Maurice. He is buried at the Woodland Cemetery. The Ohio House of Representatives has a photo of him.

text:
# William H. Clifford

**William H. Clifford** (April 8, 1862 – 1929) was an American politician who served in the Ohio House of Representatives. He was a Republican. He served two terms in the Ohio House of Representatives from 1894 to 1895 and 1898 to 1899.

He was born in Cleveland. He was married to Carrie Williams Clifford in 1886 and had sons Joshua and Maurice. He is buried at the Woodland Cemetery. The Ohio House of Representatives has a photo of him.


title: RCAF Station Edgar

abstract: RCAF Station Edgar was part of the Pinetree Line of radar stations and was located at Edgar, Ontario, Canada, about 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Barrie. Built in 1952, the site was home to the 31st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron and was operational in its intended role until 1964, when the complex was sold to the provincial government of Ontario in November for CA$218,225 and was used as an Adult Occupational Centre for developmentally disabled or handicapped adults until its closure in 1999. The base consisted of 84 residences, two office buildings, a swimming pool, bowling alley, baseball diamond, hospital, church and a school. As a part of the deinstitutionalization program, the government began shutting down all its institutions and by 1999, the Edgar Adult Occupational Centre was completely shut down. The Ontario Provincial Police then assumed use of the old recreational hall for instruction. They had been using the base off and on for police training and a number of other functions. In 1999, the government attempted to sell the 628,300 m⁲ site to Nishnawbe Homes for $2.95 million, an organization dedicated to building respectable communities for first-nations people, but this deal fell through. From its 1999 closure until its 2011 demolition, the base sat mostly unused, except for occasional use by military and police as a training centre, including being the rehab centre for Canada's Worst Driver 3 in 2007. Despite the site being idle, there is 24/7 security posted at the gatehouse making the site inaccessible to the public. In July 2011, a developer purchased the remainder of the property for $2,500 and by the fall of 2011, all the buildings had been demolished. Developer Miya Consulting plans to build 82 houses on the property. As of 2021, the land is being redeveloped and a new subdivision called "Eagles Rest Estates" is currently being built.

text:
# RCAF Station Edgar

**RCAF Station Edgar** was part of the Pinetree Line of radar stations and was located at Edgar, Ontario, Canada, about 20 km (12 mi) northeast of Barrie. Built in 1952, the site was home to the 31st Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron and was operational in its intended role until 1964, when the complex was sold to the provincial government of Ontario in November for CA$218,225 and was used as an Adult Occupational Centre for developmentally disabled or handicapped adults until its closure in 1999. The base consisted of 84 residences, two office buildings, a swimming pool, bowling alley, baseball diamond, hospital, church and a school. As a part of the deinstitutionalization program, the government began shutting down all its institutions and by 1999, the Edgar Adult Occupational Centre was completely shut down. The Ontario Provincial Police then assumed use of the old recreational hall for instruction. They had been using the base off and on for police training and a number of other functions. In 1999, the government attempted to sell the 628,300 m2 (155¼ acre) site to Nishnawbe Homes for $2.95 million, an organization dedicated to building respectable communities for first-nations people, but this deal fell through. From its 1999 closure until its 2011 demolition, the base sat mostly unused, except for occasional use by military and police as a training centre, including being the rehab centre for *Canada's Worst Driver 3* in 2007. Despite the site being idle, there is 24/7 security posted at the gatehouse making the site inaccessible to the public. In July 2011, a developer purchased the remainder of the property for $2,500 and by the fall of 2011, all the buildings had been demolished. Developer Miya Consulting plans to build 82 houses on the property. As of 2021, the land is being redeveloped and a new subdivision called "Eagles Rest Estates" is currently being built.

## InfoBox

| RCAF Station Edgar | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of the Pinetree Line | |
| Edgar, Ontario, Canada | |
| RCAF Station Edgar | |
| Coordinates | 44°31′51″N 79°39′34″W / 44.53070°N 79.65957°W / 44.53070; -79.65957 |
| Code | C-4 |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Private |
| Controlled by | Royal Canadian Air Force |
| Open to
the public | No |
| Condition | Demolished |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1952 |
| Built by | Royal Canadian Air Force |
| In use | 1952-1964 |
| Demolished | 2011 |
| Garrison information | |
| Garrison | 31 Aircraft Control and Warning Squadron |


title: R Cygni

abstract: R Cygni is a variable star of the Mira type in the constellation Cygnus, less than 4' from θ Cygni. This is a red giant star on the asymptotic giant branch located around 2,200 light years away. It is an S-type star ranging between spectral types S2.5,9e to S6,9e(Tc). Stars at this mass range and evolutionary stage are pulsationally unstable, displaying a variation in their light output. R Cygni has a maximum magnitude of 6.1 and a minimum magnitude of 14.4, with a period of 426.45 days. The variation of this star was discovered by English astronomer N. R. Pogson in 1852, and it has a history of recorded brightness measurements stretching back more than a century. R Cygni shows distinct period-doubling, where alternate maxima are of different brightness, hence the real period of pulsation could be considered to be twice that from one maximum to the next. The Catalog of Components of Double and Multiple Stars lists 10th magnitude BD+49 3065 as a companion to R Cygni, at a separation of 91", and both stars lie at approximately the same distance. The Washington Double Star Catalog additionally lists a 15th magnitude star as a companion at a separation of about 14".

text:
# R Cygni

**R Cygni** is a variable star of the Mira type in the constellation Cygnus, less than 4' from θ Cygni. This is a red giant star on the asymptotic giant branch located around 2,200 light years away. It is an S-type star ranging between spectral types S2.5,9e to S6,9e(Tc).

Stars at this mass range and evolutionary stage are pulsationally unstable, displaying a variation in their light output. R Cygni has a maximum magnitude of 6.1 and a minimum magnitude of 14.4, with a period of 426.45 days. The variation of this star was discovered by English astronomer N. R. Pogson in 1852, and it has a history of recorded brightness measurements stretching back more than a century. R Cygni shows distinct period-doubling, where alternate maxima are of different brightness, hence the real period of pulsation could be considered to be twice that from one maximum to the next.

The Catalog of Components of Double and Multiple Stars lists 10th magnitude BD+49 3065 as a companion to R Cygni, at a separation of 91", and both stars lie at approximately the same distance. The Washington Double Star Catalog additionally lists a 15th magnitude star as a companion at a separation of about 14".

## InfoBox

R Cygni
| Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000 | |
| --- | --- |
| Constellation | Cygnus |
|
| Right ascension | 19h 36m 49.35633s |
| Declination | +50° 11 59.7198 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 6.1 - 14.4 |
| Characteristics | |
|
| Spectral type | S2.5,9e-S6,9e(Tc) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Variable type | Mira |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Astrometry | |
|  | |
| **Proper motion (μ)** | RA: −3.158 mas/yr
Dec.: −5.755 mas/yr |
| **Parallax (π)** | 1.4835 ± 0.0963 mas |
| **Distance** | 2,200 ± 100 ly
(670 ± 40 pc) |
|  | |
| Details | |
|  | |
| **Mass** | 0.85 |
| **Luminosity** | 11,700 |
| **Surface gravity (log *g*)** | −0.50 cgs |
| **Temperature** | 2,538 |
| **Metallicity** \[Fe/H\] | +0.50 dex |
|  | |
| Other designations | |
| R Cyg, BD+49 3064, HD 185456, HIP 31822, SAO 31822, WDS J19368+5012 | |
| Database references | |
| **SIMBAD** | data |


title: Walter Atherton (architect)

abstract: Walter Atherton (1863–1945) was an architect and draftsman born in Stoughton, Massachusetts, United States. A Harvard alumnus, he also studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge and at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris for two years. He designed many schools, other public buildings and homes in New England, New York and New Jersey.

text:
# Walter Atherton (architect)

**Walter Atherton** (1863–1945) was an architect and draftsman born in Stoughton, Massachusetts, United States. A Harvard alumnus, he also studied at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge and at the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris for two years. He designed many schools, other public buildings and homes in New England, New York and New Jersey.

## Early life

Atherton was born into a prominent Boston family who descended from Major General Humphrey Atherton, an early settler of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

His father, James Atherton (1819–1879), had been a partner since 1852 of Atherton, Stetson and Company, dealers in leather and one of Boston's most successful businesses at the time. A year later James married Phebe Reed (1831–1868), the daughter of John Reed of Boston. When Walter was 5 years old, his mother Phebe, died, aged 37, leaving behind a husband and three children between the ages of 5 and 14. Within a year, Atherton had a young stepmother aged 27; Mary B Marshall (1841–1880), the daughter of Thomas Marshall and Isabella McBey Marshall of Boston. His father’s health worsened and he retired in 1867.

Over a 12 month period (1879–1880) he lost both his father and his stepmother. His stepmother, Mary, shares her grave at Evergreen Cemetery in Stoughton with her husband and his first wife. During this time Atherton was enrolled at the Phillips Academy.

Walter Atherton was the youngest of three brothers. His older brothers James (1854–1947) and William (1859–1921) were both successful businessmen, involved in banking.

His paternal uncle, Samuel Atherton (1815–1895), is credited with having greatly improved the financial standing of the family, having established himself in business as a retail dealer in boots and shoes, first entering into partnership with Caleb Stetson, then admitting his two younger brothers, James (1819–1879) and William, as partners in 1852. Samuel was a director of the New England Bank, the Prescott Insurance Company, the Massachusetts Loan and Trust Company, and the Central Massachusetts Railroad, and president of the Dorchester Gas-Light Company, as well as being connected with many other corporations. Samuel was a member of the Massachusetts State Legislature in 1867, 1870 and 1877. He was elected to the New England Genealogical Society in 1870.

His paternal grandfather, Samuel Atherton (1784–1877), was a founding member of the Stoughton Musical Society.

## Education

Atherton received a preparatory education at Phillips Academy in Andover and completed his academic studies at Harvard University in architecture in 1885. He took a two-year course at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. On completion he travelled to Europe with his cousin, the composer Percy Lee Atherton.

## Career

Atherton was initially employed by Carl Fehmer, owner of the architectural firm Fehmer & Page. He then moved to the practice of Herbert Dudley Hale, and in 1897 he competed under Herbert D. Hale for the design of the new armory in Providence, Rhode Island. Their competitors William R. Walker & Son's design was chosen to build the Cranston Street Armory.

He was responsible for the design of various types of building in Boston and surrounding areas. He was a member of the Boston Society of Architects from 1902 onwards. He also was responsible for the design of several school buildings on the Eastern Seaboard. In 1908, as an Associate Architect for Hale he was successful in competing for the design of the Pawtucket YMCA in Rhode Island.

He set up his own company, with the red brick Georgian Revival YMCA, at 207 Shurtleff Street being an early project. In 1909, The Harvard Graduates’ Magazine reported that he was responsible for the design of the new YMCA in Chelsea, Massachusetts.

He was an instructor in military mapping, Harvard University, S.A.T.C. during World War I.

In 1919, he was responsible for the design for the YMCA in Orange, New Jersey. During this time, Atherton ran an architectural practice out of 15 Exchange Place, Boston.

In 1922 he was awarded a contract to design the YMCA in Somerville, Massachusetts.

## Notable works

* Channing Church (now residential), 275 East Cottage St, South Boston, built 1900-1901
* The Lucius Clapp Memorial in Stoughton, Massachusetts, built in 1903
* The Pumpelly Studio in Dublin, New Hampshire, built in 1912
* The YMCA Building, Pawtucket, Rhode Island
* Church for the First Unitarian Society, Marfan St, East Boston

## Personal

He was a member of many clubs; including the Boston Architectural Club and the Harvard Club of New York.

In 1909 he is listed along with his brother William, under “Hotel Bristol” in Clark’s Boston Blue Book, also known as the Élite Private Address and Club Directory and Ladies' Visiting List and Shopping Guide.

He was a member of the Boston Society of Architects, the American Institute of Architects, the New York Society of Beaux Arts Architects.

He married his neighbor, Grace Helen (Hackett) Thorndike (18701967) at the age of 71 on April 7, 1934. Grace was a wealthy widow and the daughter of C. Hubbard Hackett, President of the Bank of the Metropolis in New York. Her late husband, Alden Augustus Thorndike, had inherited a large family trust; he being of direct descent to an early Massachusetts pioneer, John Thorndike). Atherton had been a bachelor all his life, whilst Grace had been a widow for 9 years. As Mrs Walter Atherton, Grace continued her patronage of the arts.

Atherton became stepfather to three of Grace’s adult daughters, through her marriage to Thorndike.

Atherton lived with Grace at 130 Commonwealth Avenue, Boston. This home was purchased originally by Grace’s first husband. The couple also maintained a home Highwood, in East Windsor, where they also entertained.

On December 30, 1944, Atherton and his wife were admitted to the congregation of the First Unitarian Church, Boston.

Atherton died on November 23, 1945, in Boston, aged 82. His obituary in *The New York Times* was published on November 25, 1945. His brother James was his only surviving sibling, dying just two years later. His wife, Grace H Atherton continued her philanthropy in his name donating many historical pieces of art to causes of historical interest. His wife died in 1967 , aged 96, and is buried in Berkeley, California.

## Family

Atherton was the nephew of the successful merchant and Massachusetts Politician, Samuel Atherton.

Having lost both his parents during his early years, he came under the guardianship of his uncle William and his aunt Mary Edwards Atherton; the later whom he travelled with to Liverpool, England, prior to commencing his architectural studies in Paris.

He remained close with them, often traveling with his cousins, particularly Percy Lee Atherton.

He was appointed as a trustee to manage the estate of his late uncle, William Atherton (father of Percy Lee Atherton).

His cousin, Percy Lee Atherton, preceded him in death and left him $7,500 in his will in 1944.

He was cousin to Ray Atherton, a diplomat who served as the first U.S. Ambassador to Canada (1943–48). Ray Atherton had studied architecture in Paris between 1901 and 1903.

## Articles


title: Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa

abstract: Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa is a tribal division within the Māori iwi (tribe) of Ngāti Kahungunu in the south-east of New Zealand's North Island. It consists of a number of hapū (sub-tribes) located within the rohe north of the Remutaka Range in the Wairarapa geographic region. Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa is one of six divisions within the tribe. Ngāti Kahungunu ki Tamakinui a Rua is located immediately north. Ngāti Kahungunu ki Heretaunga, Ngāti Kahungunu ki Tamatea, Ngāti Kahungunu ki Te Whanganui-a-Orotu and Ngāti Kahungunu ki Te Wairoa are located further north. The Wairoa, Heretaunga and Wairarapa divisions are traditionally larger than the other three divisions.

text:
# Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa

**Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa** is a tribal division within the Māori iwi (tribe) of Ngāti Kahungunu in the south-east of New Zealand's North Island. It consists of a number of hapū (sub-tribes) located within the rohe (tribal area) north of the Remutaka Range in the Wairarapa geographic region.

Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa is one of six divisions within the tribe. Ngāti Kahungunu ki Tamakinui a Rua is located immediately north. Ngāti Kahungunu ki Heretaunga, Ngāti Kahungunu ki Tamatea, Ngāti Kahungunu ki Te Whanganui-a-Orotu and Ngāti Kahungunu ki Te Wairoa are located further north. The Wairoa, Heretaunga and Wairarapa divisions are traditionally larger than the other three divisions.

## InfoBox

| Ngāti Kahungunu ki Wairarapa | |
| --- | --- |
| Iwi (tribe) in Māoridom | |
| Rohe (region) | Wairarapa |
| Waka (canoe) | Tākitimu |
| Population | 11,514 (2018) |


title: Go England

abstract: "Go England" is an English 2002 single performed by The England Boys. It was written by the Virgin Radio DJ Daryl Denham and published by Mercury Records as an adaptation of The Jam's 1980 "Going Underground" song to support the England national football team at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. The song entered the British charts and reached a peak of 26 in the singles charts.

text:
# Go England

"**Go England**" is an English 2002 single performed by The England Boys. It was written by the Virgin Radio DJ Daryl Denham and published by Mercury Records as an adaptation of The Jam's 1980 "Going Underground" song to support the England national football team at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. The song entered the British charts and reached a peak of 26 in the singles charts.

## History

"Going Underground" was written in 1980. The frontman of The Jam, Paul Weller had hoped that he could adapt his music to fit a football song to support the England national football team at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. Weller gave permission to Daryl Denham to write new lyrics to adapt "*Going Underground*" into a football song in April 2002. "Go England" was created as a result and was performed by the England Boys, a band which comprised a number of Virgin Radio staff and presenters which was fronted by Denham. The song was intended to be used as the official fan's anthem for England at the tournament. However that commission from The Football Association went to "We're on the Ball" by Ant & Dec.

## Release

"Go England" was released as a single in June 2002 with the CD release containing the original song as well as a commentary and karaoke mix. The song first entered the UK Singles Chart on 8 June 2002 at number 26 however it charted below competing football songs; "Hey! Baby" by DJ Ötzi and "Goldenballs (Mr Beckham to You)" by Bell & Spurling. The following two weeks it fell to numbers 46 and 52 before exiting the charts after three weeks.

## InfoBox

| "Go England" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by The England Boys | |
| Released | 2002 |
| Studio | Virgin Radio |
| Genre | football song |
| Label | Mercury Records |
| Composer(s) | Paul Weller |
| Lyricist(s) | Daryl Denham |


title: Omega Labyrinth

abstract: Omega Labyrinth (オメガラビリンス), stylized as ω Labyrinth, is a 2015 roguelike dungeon crawler role-playing video game developed by Matrix Software and published by D3 Publisher for the PlayStation Vita. The game follows a group of girls as they explore a dungeon in search of the fabled "Holy Grail of Beauty", which is said to be able to grant any wish. Protagonist Aina Akemiya searches for the Grail in order to increase her chest size, as she feels uncomfortable about her small breasts. Omega Labyrinth has been noted for its heavy fanservice content and was released on November 19, 2015, in Japan.

text:
# Omega Labyrinth

***Omega Labyrinth*** (オメガラビリンス), stylized as *ω Labyrinth*, is a 2015 roguelike dungeon crawler role-playing video game developed by Matrix Software and published by D3 Publisher for the PlayStation Vita. The game follows a group of girls as they explore a dungeon in search of the fabled "Holy Grail of Beauty", which is said to be able to grant any wish. Protagonist Aina Akemiya searches for the Grail in order to increase her chest size, as she feels uncomfortable about her small breasts. *Omega Labyrinth* has been noted for its heavy fanservice content and was released on November 19, 2015, in Japan.

## Gameplay

*Omega Labyrinth* is a roguelike dungeon crawler role-playing game. The dungeon is randomly generated; each time Aina and her accomplices enters the dungeon, its map, monsters, and available items change. As players move within the dungeon, the monsters also move in a turn-based fashion. Players accumulate experience by defeating monsters and characters become stronger as they level up. If they leave the dungeon, the characters are reduced back to level 1, and all items are lost when the health bar reaches zero. Thus, missions must be completed all in one go. The goal of the game is to search for and obtain the "Holy Grail of Beauty", whilst defeating monsters and avoiding traps through utilizing items, armor, and weapons.

When entering a dungeon, players can either choose another computer-controlled character to act as their partner and enter with them, or go in alone. Although partnering up has tactical advantages in battle, it is also more risky, as the partner's items are also lost when the team gets defeated. Through defeating monsters in the dungeon, players accumulate Omega Power in addition to experience points; this increases Aina's chest size. This is accompanied by an increase in stats and if Aina reaches maximum Omega Power she enters "Hatsumune Mode", greatly powering up her status. When leaving the dungeon, Aina's chest returns to its normal size, though accumulated Omega Power can be used to purchase items.

Items obtained in dungeons are initially unidentified, with their name and effects not known. They need to be revealed using Omega Power, with an animated sequence where the player places said item between a characters breasts and shaking achieving this. Any character can be selected for this sequence, allowing players to choose their favorite. Players who do not wish to go through the scene may choose to skip it entirely. Players can also choose to strengthen their characters through the "Faint in Agony Awakening" (悶絶☆覚醒) system, which is triggered by special dungeon items; this leads to one of the girl characters going into an "excited" state. Touching her during this time allows Omega Power and status increases, and are unique to each character.

In dungeons, players can also find panties and bras, which can be equipped to increase the defense of the characters, along with weapons and shields. Combinations of these can also trigger special effects. Various categories of weapons are obtained through dungeon exploration, this includes swords, lances, axes, sickles, and katanas. Items can be synthesized in dungeons using Omega Power to strengthen them. As players progress through the dungeon, characters may sometimes be captured by monsters and tapping the screen is required to free them; this provides opportunity for fanservice, as well as screenshots of characters upon falling into a dungeon trap.

Omega Power can be spent and various items purchased at the in-game shop. The game features downloadable content which can also be picked up at the shop.

## Story

### Characters

* Aina Akemiya (朱宮 愛那) (voiced by Haruka Yamazaki), the lively and energetic protagonist of the game. She is obsessed with the size of her small breasts, and thus enters the dungeon in search of the "Holy Grail of Beauty" to grant her wish of enlarging them. Although not an honor student, she is popular enough to be oftentimes the center of attention.
* Nako Mito (美桃 なこ) (voiced by Aya Uchida), a skillful cook and Aina's best friend, and was invited by her to challenge the dungeon together. She has a voluptous chest when compared to Aina.
* Saeri Soja (蒼社 紗衣里) (voiced by Mao Ichimichi), a quarter-Russian girl who adores Aina. "Nimble like a ninja", Saeri is a low-key girl who was also invited by Aina to challenge the dungeon with her.
* Pai (パイ) (voiced by Emi Uema), a fairy girl who "loves breasts". Pai was saved by Aina from a monster attack and thus grew attached to her. She was the one who told the protagonists the story of the dungeon and Holy Grail. Her name is a shortened version of Japanese slang word *oppai*.
* Marika Hikawa (翠川 真理華) (voiced by Yu Kobayashi), the student council vice president at Anberyl Girls Academy. Blessed with talent, she handles mostly everything flawlessly without effort. After experiencing her first loss to student council president Mirei, she is overcome with admiration for her.
* Mirei Shirogane (白金 美玲) (voiced by Fumiko Uchimura), the student council president of Anberyl Girls Academy. Unlike Marika, she has little talent but has built her way up through hard work and discipline. She wishes to be nice to everyone.
* Rinne Kuon (久遠 輪廻) (voiced by Akira Nakagawa), the founder of Anberyl Girls Academy. A "woman of many mysteries", she is feared by students due to her strict rules but also well respected for her dignified behavior.
* Yumi Amano (天乃 夢美) (voiced by Kikuko Inoue), a former student who now takes care of the shop and general affairs at the academy. She is extremely popular among the students and is a big sister-like figure.
* Rio Akanezaki (voiced by Ayaka Fukuhara), a new character introduced in Omega Labyrinth Z and Aina's rival. She hates rules and considers teachers a troublesome existence. It was her dream to use the Holy Grail to make her breasts smaller, but because Aina destroyed it before she got the chance, she has developed a grudge towards her.

### Plot

The game is set in the Anberyl Girls Academy, where a rumor of a "Holy Grail of Beauty (美の聖杯)", an object that is said to be able to grant any wish, has surfaced. The grail is said to be hidden in an ancient cave that is only open on the school's founding day. Thus, at the beginning of the game, several girls have come in search of the mysterious grail, with protagonist Aina Akemiya setting out to find the grail in order to increase her chest size, which is smaller than the other girls'.

Beginning the game's storyline, Aina and Nako head into a nearby dungeon in order to find the grail but are immediately separated. However, luckily Aina then meets the fairy girl, Pai. Pai explains that inside the dungeon, Aina will encounter monsters, and each one she kills will release Omega Power, a powerful source of energy which strengthens her stats and also enlarges her bust. However, upon leaving the dungeon, the Omega Power is dispelled and her chest returns to their normal size.

## Promotion and development

The game was first announced in August 2015 through a teaser website, with additional information being later released in a *Dengeki PlayStation* issue. A debut trailer was subsequently released, and a second trailer was afterwards released in late October. Characters were teased in a series of silhouettes on *Dengeki Online*. Initial copies of the game include the "Lightning Malance" weapon and "Butt Shield" armor; unlike the other in-game equipment, these can be repurchased upon losing them in a dungeon.

## Reception

Four *Famitsu* reviewers scored *Omega Labyrinth* 7, 7, 7 and 8 out of 10, for a total score of 29/40. The game sold 25,000 copies during its first week on sale in Japan.

Richard Eisenbeis of Kotaku summed up the game as "an odd mix of breast-filled fanservice and unforgiving dungeon crawling". He wrote that players who enjoy fanservice or challenging gameplay may like *Omega Labyrinth*, but the death system (where missions must be completed in one go) and limited item capacity were criticized as too difficult and too frustrating, respectively. The game was compared to the *Senran Kagura* series by Sato of Siliconera.

## Sequels

A sequel, *Omega Labyrinth Z*, was released on July 6, 2017 in Japan for the Vita and PlayStation 4. The girls from the original return, alongside new characters. In *Omega Labyrinth Z*, the protagonists explore a mysterious new cave at Anberyl Girls Academy, which is opened only on the anniversary of the school's founding. *Omega Labyrinth Z* was originally going to be released in North America and Europe during early 2018 through publisher PQube Games. In February, the title was refused classification in Australia and in March, the Video Standards Council also refused classification in the United Kingdom. PQube cancelled the planned Western version of the game in June after being blocked for release by Sony America and Sony Europe.

A third game, *Omega Labyrinth Life*, was released worldwide on August 1, 2019 for Nintendo Switch and PlayStation 4, and for Steam on December 10. The PlayStation 4 version, which was renamed *Labyrinth Life*, is censored; some sexual content is removed or replaced, and some nude scenes have obscuring steam added.

## InfoBox

| Omega Labyrinth | |
| --- | --- |
| Japanese cover art, featuring (left to right) Mirei, Nako, Marika, Saeri, and Aina | |
| Developer(s) | Matrix Software |
| Publisher(s) | D3 Publisher |
| Platform(s) | PlayStation Vita |
| Release |  |
| Genre(s) | Roguelike, dungeon crawler |
| Mode(s) | Single-player |


title: Punctapinella theta

abstract: Punctapinella theta is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Venezuela.

text:
# Punctapinella theta

***Punctapinella theta*** is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Venezuela.

## InfoBox

| *Punctapinella theta* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Genus: | *Punctapinella* |
| Species: | ***P. theta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Punctapinella theta***<br>Brown, 1991 | |
|


title: 6-millimeter band

abstract: The 6-millimeter or 47 GHz band is a portion of the EHF (microwave) radio spectrum internationally allocated to amateur radio and amateur satellite use between 47.0 GHz and 47.2 GHz. Due to the lack of commercial off the shelf radios, amateurs who operate on the 6 mm band must design and construct their own equipment. Amateurs often use the band to experiment with the maximum communication distance they can achieve, and they also use it occasionally for radio contesting. In some areas, amateurs maintain 47 GHz propagation beacons on mountain tops. The band has been successfully used by amateurs in moon bounce contacts.

text:
# 6-millimeter band

The **6-millimeter** or **47 GHz** band is a portion of the EHF (microwave) radio spectrum internationally allocated to amateur radio and amateur satellite use between 47.0 GHz and 47.2 GHz.

Due to the lack of commercial off the shelf radios, amateurs who operate on the 6 mm band must design and construct their own equipment. Amateurs often use the band to experiment with the maximum communication distance they can achieve, and they also use it occasionally for radio contesting. In some areas, amateurs maintain 47 GHz propagation beacons on mountain tops. The band has been successfully used by amateurs in moon bounce contacts.

## Allocation

The International Telecommunication Union allocates 47.0 GHz to 47.2 GHz to amateur radio and amateur satellites on a primary basis in all three ITU regions.

It is the only EHF band amateurs do not share with other radio services, and it is the only band above 2 meters which is exclusively for the amateur services in its entirety.

## List of notable frequencies

* 47.0882 GHz Narrow band calling frequency
* 47.088 GHz Propagation beacons

## Distance records

The current world distance record on the 6 mm band was 344.8 kilometres (214.2 mi) set by US stations AD6FP and W6QIW on September 19, 2015.

The longest distance achieved on 6 mm in the United Kingdom was 203 kilometres (126 mi) between stations GM7MRF / GM0HNW and GW0IVA on October 21, 2001.

In Australia, the 6 mm distance record was 181.2 kilometres (112.6 mi) set by stations VK5KK/3 and VK5ZD/3 on November 14, 2019.

The 6 mm Earth-Moon-Earth record was 9,967 kilometres (6,193 mi) set by stations AD6FP and RW3BP on January 23, 2005.


title: Peter Nagy (canoeist)

abstract: Peter Nagy was a Slovak slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 1990 to 2001, specializing in the K1 discipline. He won a bronze medal for Czechoslovakia in the K1 team event at the 1991 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Tacen. Nagy competed in two Summer Olympics for Slovakia. He finished 13th in his Olympic debut in the K1 event at the 1996 games in Atlanta. He finished 12th in the K1 event fours years later in Sydney. Nicknamed "Faťko", Nagy died in Bratislava in 2021, at age 56.

text:
# Peter Nagy (canoeist)

**Peter Nagy** (17 December 1964 – 3 December 2021) was a Slovak slalom canoeist who competed at the international level from 1990 to 2001, specializing in the K1 discipline.

He won a bronze medal for Czechoslovakia in the K1 team event at the 1991 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Tacen.

Nagy competed in two Summer Olympics for Slovakia. He finished 13th in his Olympic debut in the K1 event at the 1996 games in Atlanta. He finished 12th in the K1 event fours years later in Sydney.

Nicknamed "Faťko", Nagy died in Bratislava in 2021, at age 56.

## Major championships results timeline

Representing Czechoslovakia from 1991 to 1992 and Slovakia from 1993 to 2000.

| Event | | 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Olympic Games | K1 | Not held |  | Not held | | | 13 | Not held | | | 12 |
| World Championships | K1 | 45 | Not held | 24 | Not held | 12 | Not held | 15 | Not held | 24 | Not held |
| | K1 team | **3** | Not held | 10 | Not held |  | Not held |  | Not held |  | Not held |
| European Championships | K1 | Not held | | | | | 19 | Not held | 30 | Not held | 34 |
| | K1 team | Not held | | | | |  | Not held |  | Not held |  |

## InfoBox

Peter Nagy
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nickname | Faťko |
| Nationality | Slovak |
| Born | (1964-12-17)December 17, 1964
Bratislava, Czechoslovakia |
| Died | December 3, 2021(2021-12-03) (aged 56)
Bratislava, Slovakia |
| Height | 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) |
| Weight | 85 kg (187 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Country | Slovakia |
| Sport | Canoe slalom |
| Event | K1 |
| Medal record      Men's canoe slalom  Representing  Czechoslovakia  World Championships  1991 Tacen K1 team | |


title: RCS Motor Club

abstract: The Royal College of Science Motor Club was set up in 1955 to maintain "Jezebel", a 1916 Dennis N-Type fire engine and a mascot of the students of the Royal College of Science, one of the founding three colleges of Imperial College London, in South Kensington.

text:
# RCS Motor Club

The **Royal College of Science Motor Club** was set up in 1955 to maintain "Jezebel", a 1916 Dennis N-Type fire engine and a mascot of the students of the Royal College of Science, one of the founding three colleges of Imperial College London, in South Kensington.

## Jezebel

Near Handcross, West Sussex, following the 2008 London to Brighton Veteran Car RunUndergoing maintenance at Dennis, while painted in a Royal College of Science livery, mid-1960sDennis N-Type *LP 8389*, known as *Jezebel*

Jezebel is a Dennis N-Type fire engine that was one of a batch of ten vehicles ordered in October 1915 by the London County Council for the London Fire Brigade.

It was delivered in April 1916 and initially based Vauxhall, but sometime around 1919 was moved to Pageants Wharf Fire Station, Rotherhithe Street, London.

In 1932, the London Fire Brigade upgraded to new appliances and Jezebel was sold to a Joseph Crosfield, a subsidiary of Unilever that manufactured chemicals and soap and was based in Warrington, Cheshire. The company's in-house, private fire brigade operated the engine until 1955, when it was donated it to the Royal College of Science Union for use as official transport of the Union President.

Since then, the engine has been maintained by current and past students of Imperial College London. With the objective of keeping maintaining it in its original condition. While it was at one time painted purple (one of the Royal College of Science colours) with RCS livery, it is now painted Wrexham Red with a London Fire Brigade livery. In 1979 it was fitted with a working, 1923 Dennis water pump. This replaced the original Gwynnes pump that was removed during World War Two.

Jezebel attends many rallies and shows throughout the year, as well as pub crawls and charity events. These regularly include trips to Brighton and the Isle of Wight. The Motor Club philosophy is that the Jezebel is there to be run (it travels everywhere under its own power, never on a transporter) and the engine's *raison d'etre* is to amuse and engage both students and the general public.

Jezebel has appeared on TV, including the BBC's *Blue Peter* children's programme in 1982 and an episode of Downton Abbey. It also appeared in the 1967 film *The Jokers*, directed by Michael Winner.

### Video


title: R Equulei

abstract: R Equulei is a class M Mira variable star in the constellation Equuleus. Its brightness varies between a minimum magnitude of 15.0 to a maximum of 8.7 with an average period of 261 days.

text:
# R Equulei

**R Equulei** is a class M Mira variable star in the constellation Equuleus. Its brightness varies between a minimum magnitude of 15.0 to a maximum of 8.7 with an average period of 261 days.

## InfoBox

R Equulei
|
The visual band light curve of R Equulei, from AAVSO data | |
| --- | --- |
| Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000 | |
| Constellation | Equuleus |
|
| Right ascension | 21h 13m 11.49118s |
| Declination | 12° 48 06.1620 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 8.7 - 15.0 |
| Characteristics | |
|
| Spectral type | M3e - M4e |
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| B−V color index | +1.41 |
|
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| Variable type | Mira |
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| Astrometry | |
|  | |
| **Radial velocity (Rv)** | −54±5 km/s |
| **Proper motion (μ)** | RA: −2.713 mas/yr
Dec.: −11.232 mas/yr |
| **Parallax (π)** | 0.4329 ± 0.0437 mas |
| **Distance** | approx. 7,500 ly
(approx. 2,300 pc) |
|  | |
| Details | |
|  | |
| **Mass** | 3.42 |
| **Luminosity** | 33,791 |
| **Surface gravity (log *g*)** | −0.007 cgs |
| **Temperature** | 3,395 |
| **Metallicity** \[Fe/H\] | −0.13 dex |
|  | |
| Other designations | |
| R Equ, BD+12°4573a, HD 202051, PPM 139768 | |
| Database references | |
| **SIMBAD** | data |


title: Walter Atherton (footballer)

abstract: Walter Atherton was an English footballer. His only known club was Blackpool, for whom he made thirteen Football League appearances in 1898.

text:
# Walter Atherton (footballer)

**Walter Atherton** was an English footballer. His only known club was Blackpool, for whom he made thirteen Football League appearances in 1898.

* Joyce, Michael (2004). *Football League Players' Records 1888-1939*. ISBN 1-899468-67-6.

## InfoBox

Walter Atherton
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Position(s) | Left half | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1898 | Blackpool | 13 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


abstract: The New Zealand Association of Radio Transmitters (NZART) is a non-profit organisation of amateur radio enthusiasts in New Zealand. It represents New Zealand amateur radio operators nationally and internationally. NZART is a founding member of the International Amateur Radio Union. It is an association of individual members, however those members are encouraged to form local branches. Membership of NZART is voluntary; it is estimated that approximately 35% of New Zealand's licensed amateur radio operators belong. Members are represented by Councillors to the NZART Council, the executive body tasked with the business management of the association.

text:
# New Zealand Association of Radio Transmitters

The **New Zealand Association of Radio Transmitters** (**NZART**) is a non-profit organisation of amateur radio enthusiasts in New Zealand. It represents New Zealand amateur radio operators nationally and internationally. NZART is a founding member of the International Amateur Radio Union. It is an association of individual members, however those members are encouraged to form local branches.

Membership of NZART is voluntary; it is estimated that approximately 35% of New Zealand's licensed amateur radio operators belong. Members are represented by Councillors to the NZART Council, the executive body tasked with the business management of the association.

## Governance

The NZART Council includes seven executives. These are the NZART President, vice-president, and Immediate Past President (if required). Regional councillors are elected to represent different geographic regions of New Zealand: two from the North Island, two from the South Island, and two from anyway within New Zealand.

The NZART Council works with an appointed NZART Business Manager. The Business Manager is employed by NZART (30 hrs per week), and in 2020 an Office Assistant was employed (30 hrs per week). Both are tasked with the day-to-day business operations of the association, including manning their office, and providing administrative duties to AREC, located in Upper Hutt, near Wellington.

Additional officers reporting directly to NZART Council include the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) Amateur Radio Emergency Communications, The Engineering Licensing Group (ELG) and the Administration Liaison Officer (ALO), who is charged with liaison with the Radio Spectrum Management Group of the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE).

## Relations with the New Zealand Government

The NZART has performed an advocacy function, commenting on policy and planning initiatives proposed by the New Zealand government in the areas of radio licences, spectrum allocations for broadband wireless, and the future of digital communication. The Association also contributed to the creation of EMF exposure standards in their role as member of the NZ RF Standard Committee.

In 2006, the Ministry of Economic Development's Radio Spectrum Management division was assisted by NZART and the local Coastguard Boating Education Service in the creation of an update to the Spectrum Management and Registration Technology (SMART) which allowed people to search online for radio operator information including callsigns. In 2008, it was noted that there were some discrepancies between the SMART system and the callsign book produced by NZART.

## Publications and services

The official journal of the NZART is *''Break-In''*, a bi-monthly publication containing articles of interest to the amateur radio community. Also, an annual publication known as the *Call Book* provides an index of licensed amateurs in New Zealand by call sign, providing addresses for the purpose of contact acknowledgement (QSL), as well as much other information useful to the New Zealand radio enthusiast. Other publications include *Ham Shacks, Brass Pounders and Rag Chewers*, a history of amateur radio in New Zealand, published in 1997 with assistance from the New Zealand Department of Internal Affairs Historical Branch.

In 1980, NZART collaborated with author Jumbo Godfrey ZL1HV to produce a *Basic radio training manual: a study course for the amateur radio operators*.

The Association provides some educational services, such as providing demonstrative lectures on electromagnetic wave theory. Another service offered by the Association is to provide trained personnel and radio communications systems to Amateur Radio Emergency Communications, a group which liaises with the New Zealand Police and Civil Defense services in emergency situations.

### Break-In

The official journal of the NZART is *''Break-In''*, and is published bimonthly. The publication is a requirement of the NZART Constitution The term break-in refers to a system in CW whereby the transmitting station can hear the other station's signal during “key up” periods.

A total of six issues a year are produced, with the first January/February distributed within the first week of February, and so on.

The close off dates for articles/advertising are year-on-year:

10 January for January/February issue.
10 March for March/April issue.
20 April for May/June issue. (produced to coincide with the AGM over Queens Birthday Weekend)
10 July for July/August issue.
10 September for September/October issue.
10 November for November/December issue.

Each issue normally contains Technical and General articles of interest to amateur radio operators. Sometimes the articles are of a more general nature with some flavour of radio mixed into the article.

In addition, each issue contains a number of columns from various authors covering activities from AREC, Contests, Digitalmodes, DX, Satellites, SOTA, Youth Report and more.

As the official journal *Break-In* contains information about the association, important news and announcements, AGM news and Remits plus the Annual Accounts. As a magazine it has a wealth of information with many members having copies going back to the very first issue produced in January 1928.

### Call Book

*Call Book* is annual publication that provides an index of all licensed amateurs in New Zealand by call sign, providing addresses for the purpose of contact acknowledgement (QSL), as well as much other information useful to the New Zealand radio enthusiast, such as a series of Repeater/Beacon Maps for both VHF and UHF repeaters based around New Zealand. This eighty page stapled publication is included free with membership of NZART, bundled with the November–December issue of *Break-In*. Although produced as a paper publication, electronic versions have also been produced on CD-ROM, with the last version produced in this format in 2017. The membership decide each year at the AGM on the format to be produced.

## Branches

Branches of NZART are generally radio clubs and related organisations, and are found across the country. The Branches facilitate the representation of individual members at a national level through the NZART National Conference. Most radio clubs are individually incorporated and operate on a day-to-day basis independently of the NZART.The number following the branch name is their NZART branch number.

Numerous branches experienced membership decline (possibly proportionate to a national decline), and have been reduced to a status of "recess" for several years.

## History

The New Zealand Association of Radio Transmitters formed on 16 August 1926. In the same year, Gordon Smithson (Z1AF) made the first NZART broadcast. The first publication of *Break-in*, the NZART journal, was in 1928. In 1929 NZART became a more powerful organisation, joining the International Amateur Radio Union and successfully lobbying the New Zealand Government for a reduction in the compulsory licensing fees.

In 1934 the Association became an incorporated society and in 1982 their membership numbers reached a high of 4,397. The first NZART written submission to the New Zealand government was in 1989 and related to the proposed *Radiocommunications Bill*. In 1998 the Association established the Radioscience Education Trust. NZART is registered as a charity in 2017.

### Presidential Terms

Forty six radio amateurs have led NZART as president.

| Name | Call Sign | Years | Name | Call Sign | Years | Name | Call Sign | Years |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| D R Vandenberg | ZL2DRV | 2023- | G McB Salt | ZL1CK | 1960-1962 | T R Clarkson | ZL1FQ | 1930 |
| M S Gooding | ZL2UFI | 2019-2023 | J F Freeman | ZL1VA | 1958-1960 | R J Orbell | ZL1AX | 1929 |
| S J Watchman | ZL2TW | 2015-2019 | H F Arnold | ZL3HA | 1955-1958 | R J Orbell | OZ1AX | 1928 |
| V N Henderson | ZL1TGC | 2012-2015 | R H Hanley | ZL2GU | 1953-1955 | E A Shrimpton | Z2XA | 1926-1927 |
| D R Symon | ZL2KH | 2009-2012 | W J Wainwright | ZL3LI | 1951-1953 |
| W L B Douglas | ZL2WP | 2005-2009 | C T Berry | ZL2BY | 1950-1951 |
| A P Norden | ZL2SJ | 2001-2005 | J F Freeman | ZL2AFB | 1949-1950 |
| A J Wallace | ZL1AMW | 1997-2001 | C G Liddell | ZL2BI | 1947-1949 |
| J A Meachen | ZL2BHF | 1992-1997 | E B Lough | ZL2OG | 1945-1946 |
| T C King | ZL2AKW | 1991-1992 | C G Liddell | ZL2BI | 1943-1944 |
| T D Carrell | ZL3QL | 1985-1991 | W Fouhy | ZL2LB | 1941-1942 |
| D J MacKay | ZL3RW | 1983-1985 | B E Jackson | ZL2FJ | 1940 |
| A G Godfrey | ZL1HV | 1977-1983 | F W Sellens | ZL2MY | 1939 |
| W D Gorman MBE | ZL2IY | 1974-1977 | L G Petrie | ZL2OV | 1938 |
| J F C Johnson | ZL2AMJ | 1973-1974 | R B Dodds | ZL4FK | 1937 |
| D E Cleland | ZL1IY | 1972-1973 | W M Hall | ZL2BH | 1936 |
| D A Lloyd | ZL4PG | 1970-1972 | C N Edwards | ZL1AA | 1935 |
| W R Hamer | ZL2CD | 1969-1970 | W G Collett | ZL4BP | 1934 |
| H Burton | ZL2APC | 1966-1969 | N W Laugesen | ZL3AS | 1933 |
| C G Liddell | ZL3ND | 1964-1966 | D Wilkinson | ZL2AB | 1932 |
| R T Woodfield | ZL2VN | 1962-1964 | H P V Brown | ZL3CG | 1931 |
|

## InfoBox

New Zealand Association of Radio Transmitters
|
|  |
| Abbreviation | NZART |
| Formation | 16 August 1926 |
| Type | Non-profit organisation |
| Purpose | Advocacy, Education, Non-Profit |
| Headquarters | Upper Hutt<br>RE78mv |
| Region served | New Zealand |
| President | Daniel Vandenberg ZL2DRV |
| Main organ | Council |
| Affiliations | International Amateur Radio Union |
| Website | https://www.nzart.org.nz/ |


title: Quintanilla, Álava

abstract: Quintanilla is a hamlet and concejo located in the municipality of Valdegovía/Gaubea, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.

text:
# Quintanilla, Álava

**Quintanilla** is a hamlet and *concejo* located in the municipality of Valdegovía/Gaubea, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain.

## InfoBox

| Quintanilla | |
| --- | --- |
| *Concejo* | |
| Aerial view of Quintanilla | |
| QuintanillaQuintanillaQuintanilla | |
| Coordinates: 42°54′43″N 3°11′12″W / 42.91194°N 3.18667°W / 42.91194; -3.18667 | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Basque Country |
| Province | Álava |
| Comarca | Añana |
| Municipality | Valdegovía/Gaubea |
| Area | |
| Total | 6.5 km2 (2.5 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 737 m (2,418 ft) |
| Population (2022) | |
| Total | 12 |
| Density | 1.8/km2 (4.8/sq mi) |
| Postal code | 01427 |


title: One (Charlotte Church EP)

abstract: ONE is the first extended play by Welsh recording artist Charlotte Church. It is the first in a series of four EPs and marks another musical direction of Church, departing her pop sound that is heard in her last two albums Tissues and Issues and Back to Scratch. This marks her first alternative rock material. It was released on 3 September 2012 and is preceded by the lead single "How Not to Be Surprised When You're a Ghost". ONE and TWO were combined for a US release on 12 March 2013. Church promoted ONE and TWO in the US with her first North American performances in almost a decade. She appeared in New York City, Los Angeles, Toronto, and South by Southwest Festival. Her costumes for her North American concerts were designed by Zoe Howerska.

text:
# One (Charlotte Church EP)

***ONE*** is the first extended play by Welsh recording artist Charlotte Church. It is the first in a series of four EPs and marks another musical direction of Church, departing her pop sound that is heard in her last two albums *Tissues and Issues* and *Back to Scratch*. This marks her first alternative rock material. It was released on 3 September 2012 and is preceded by the lead single "How Not to Be Surprised When You're a Ghost". *ONE* and *TWO* were combined for a US release on 12 March 2013. Church promoted *ONE* and *TWO* in the US with her first North American performances in almost a decade. She appeared in New York City, Los Angeles, Toronto, and South by Southwest Festival. Her costumes for her North American concerts were designed by Zoe Howerska.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "The Rise" | 2:20 |
| 2. | "Say It's True" | 3:26 |
| 3. | "How Not to Be Surprised When You're a Ghost" | 3:28 |
| 4. | "Beautiful Wreck" | 3:36 |

## InfoBox

| ONE | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Charlotte Church | |
| Released | 3 September 2012 |
| Recorded | Wales, UK |
| Genre | Indie pop, alternative rock, folk rock |
| Length | 12:50 |
| Label | Alligator Wine |
| Charlotte Church chronology | |
| *Back to Scratch*
(2010) ***ONE***
(2012) *TWO*
(2013) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *ONE* | |
| 1. "How Not to Be Surprised When You're a Ghost"
Released: 3 August 2012 | |
|  | |


title: Punctapinella nivaspis

abstract: Punctapinella nivaspis is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

text:
# Punctapinella nivaspis

***Punctapinella nivaspis*** is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Santa Catarina, Brazil.

## InfoBox

| *Punctapinella nivaspis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Genus: | *Punctapinella* |
| Species: | ***P. nivaspis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Punctapinella nivaspis***<br>Razowski & Becker, 1999 | |
|