title: Narottam Puri

abstract: Narottam Puri is an Indian sports journalist and broadcaster. Puri graduated from Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi, and completed his master's degree in otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Delhi University. Presently, he is the Medical Advisor - Fortis Healthcare, Advisor - FICCI and Chairman - NABH Emeritus consultant (ENT) - Fortis Healthcare. Puri is also a speaker on quality & safety, health insurance, medical tourism, medical strategy, & medical ethics. In 2013, he received FICCI's "Healthcare Personality of the Year" Award.

text:
# Narottam Puri

**Narottam Puri** (born 1946) is an Indian sports journalist and broadcaster.

Puri graduated from Maulana Azad Medical College New Delhi, and completed his master's degree in otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Delhi University. Presently, he is the Medical Advisor - Fortis Healthcare, Advisor (Health Services) - FICCI and Chairman - NABH Emeritus consultant (ENT) - Fortis Healthcare.

Puri is also a speaker on quality & safety, health insurance, medical tourism, medical strategy, & medical ethics. In 2013, he received FICCI's "Healthcare Personality of the Year" Award.

## InfoBox

| Narottam Puri | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1946 (age 7778)<br>India |
| Education | Delhi University |


title: Zakaria Labib

abstract: Zakaria Labib is a Moroccan professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Botola club Raja CA.

text:
# Zakaria Labib

**Zakaria Labib** (Arabic: زكريا لبيب; born 28 February 2003) is a Moroccan professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Botola club Raja CA.

## Club career

Zakaria Labib was born on 28 February 2003 in Casablanca. At an early age, he joined Raja Club Athletic's youth system in the Oasis complex.

On 9 September 2022, he made his professional debut when he replaced Abdelilah Madkour against US Touarga (1-0 loss). On 18 March 2023, he made his Champions League debut against Vipers SC and registered his first assist to Soufiane Benjdida (1-1 draw).

On 15 July 2023, Raja reached the Throne Cup final against RS Berkane, who won this match in extra time at the Moulay Abdellah Stadium (1-0 loss).

## International career

Zakaria Labib received his first call-up to the Morocco U17 team in 2020. In 2022, he was called up to the National U20 team and played some friendly games against Romania (2-2 draw), Sudan (4-2 win) and Palestine (0-1 win).

On 9 June 2023, he was one of only four Botola players to appear on Issame Charaï's final list that will play the 2023 U-23 Africa Cup of Nations in Morocco. Their group included Guinea, Ghana and Congo. Absent from the opening match against Guinea (victory, 2–1), he replaced Oussama El Azzouzi against Ghana and qualified for the semi-finals after a 5–1 victory. He didn't play against Mali and the Moroccans won on penalties after a 2–2 draw and qualified for the 2024 Olympic Games. Atlas Lions won the final against Egypt thanks to Oussama Targhalline's late winner (victory, 2–1). The team was congratulated by King Mohammed VI for their achievement.

## Honours

**Morocco U23**

## InfoBox

Zakaria Labib
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (2003-02-28) 28 February 2003 | | |
| Place of birth | Casablanca, Morocco | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Left-back | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Raja CA | | |
| Number | 3 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| –2022 | Raja CA | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2022– | Raja CA | 11 | (0) |
| 2023–2024 | JS Soualem (loan) | 11 | (0) |
| International career | | | |
| 2020 | Morocco U17 | 2 | (0) |
| 2022 | Morocco U20 | 7 | (1) |
| 2023– | Morocco U23 | 9 | (0) |
| Medal record      Representing  Morocco  U-23 Africa Cup of Nations  **Winner** 2023 Morocco | | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 30 September 2024<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 9 February 2024 | | | |


title: Natalya Gorbanevskaya

abstract: Natalya Yevgenyevna Gorbanevskaya was a Russian poet, a translator of Polish literature and a civil-rights activist. She was one of the founders and the first editor of A Chronicle of Current Events (1968–1982). On 25 August 1968, with seven others, she took part in the 1968 Red Square demonstration against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. In 1970 a Soviet court sentenced Gorbanevskaya to incarceration in a psychiatric hospital. She was released from the Kazan Special Psychiatric Hospital in 1972, and emigrated from the USSR in 1975, settling in France. In 2005, she became a citizen of Poland.

text:
# Natalya Gorbanevskaya

**Natalya Yevgenyevna Gorbanevskaya** (Russian: Ната́лья Евге́ньевна Горбане́вская, IPA: \[nɐˈtalʲjə jɪvˈɡʲenʲjɪvnə ɡərbɐˈnʲefskəjə\] ; 26 May 1936 – 29 November 2013) was a Russian poet, a translator of Polish literature and a civil-rights activist. She was one of the founders and the first editor of *A Chronicle of Current Events* (1968–1982). On 25 August 1968, with seven others, she took part in the 1968 Red Square demonstration against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. In 1970 a Soviet court sentenced Gorbanevskaya to incarceration in a psychiatric hospital. She was released from the Kazan Special Psychiatric Hospital in 1972, and emigrated from the USSR in 1975, settling in France. In 2005, she became a citizen of Poland.

## Life in Moscow

Gorbanevskaya was born in Moscow. She graduated from Leningrad University in 1964 and became a technical editor and translator. Only nine of her poems had been published in official journals by the time she quit the USSR in 1975; the rest circulated privately (samizdat) or were published abroad (tamizdat).

## Dissident activities

From 1968 onwards Gorbanevskaya was active in what was later called the Soviet "dissident movement."

She was founder and first editor of *A Chronicle of Current Events*, a samizdat publication that focused on the violation of basic human rights in the Soviet Union. Her contribution was to compile and edit the reports, and then type the first six carbon copies of the issue, the "zero-generation" copy, for further replication and distribution.

Gorbanevskaya was also one of eight protesters in the 25 August 1968 Red Square demonstration against the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia. Having recently given birth, she was not immediately tried with the other demonstrators. She used this time to follow the trial in the *Chronicle of Current Events*, and published the accumulated documentation abroad in French and Russian (Polden). The book appeared in English in 1972 as *Red Square at Noon*.

In 1969, she signed An Appeal to The UN Committee for Human Rights.

In December 1969 Gorbanevskaya was arrested. In July of the following year she was put on trial and found guilty of offences under Article 190-1 of the RSFSR Criminal Code, committed while of unsound mind. Gorbanevskaya was sentenced to indefinite confinement in a psychiatric hospital where she would be treated for "sluggish schizophrenia", a diagnosis commonly applied to dissidents. Gorbanevskaya was released from the Kazan Special Psychiatric Hospital in February 1972.

## Life in emigration

In December 1975, Gorbanevskaya emigrated to Paris. There, French psychiatrists at their request examined Gorbanevskaya and found her to be mentally normal. They concluded that in 1969–72 she had been committed to a psychiatric hospital for political, not medical reasons.

For a time Gorbanevskaya was a celebrity figure in the West. In 1976 Joan Baez released a song dedicated to Gorbanevskaya called "Natalia", written by Roy Apps, Shusha Guppy and G.T. Moore, on the live album *From Every Stage*. Introducing the song, Baez criticized Gorbanevskaya's internment in the psychiatric hospital and said: "It is because of people like Natalya Gorbanevskaya, I am convinced, that you and I are still alive and walking around on the face of the earth."

Adrienne Rich also wrote "For a Sister," from the book *Diving into the Wreck: Poems 1971–1972*, in acknowledgement of Gorbanevskaya and other women and their wrongful imprisonment.

For thirty years, however, Gorbanevskaya was stateless until Poland granted her citizenship in 2005.

In 2005 Gorbanevskaya took part in *They Chose Freedom*, a four-part television documentary on the history of the Soviet dissident movement directed by Vladimir Kara-Murza Jr.

In 2008, she was a signatory of the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism.

On 29 November 2013, Gorbanevskaya died in her house in Paris.

### Commemoration rally on Red Square, 2013

In August 2013, on the 45th anniversary of her arrest in Red Square, Ms. Gorbanevskaya returned there with nine other demonstrators to commemorate the protest. They were arrested on charges of holding an unsanctioned rally.

## Awards

In 2008, October, Gorbanevskaya received Poland's Marie Curie Award. The same year, Gorbanevskaya was nominated for the Angelus Central European Literature Award.

On 22 October 2013 Gorbanevskaya received an honorary medal from Charles University in Prague for her lifelong commitment to the struggle for democracy, freedom and human rights.

On 27 October 2014 Gorbanevskaya was awarded posthumously the highest Slovak award, the Order of the White Double Cross, for her lifelong efforts to defend democracy and human rights.

## Books and other publications

* Gorbanevskaya, Nathalia (November 1968). "Lettre de Moscou" \[Letter from Moscow\]. *Esprit* (in French). **375** (11): 509–510. JSTOR 24259381.
* Gorbanevskaya, Natalya (1970). *Midi Place Rouge. Dossier de la manifestation du 25 août 1968 sur la Place Rouge* \[*The Red Square at Noon: The case on the demonstration of 25 August 1968 at the Red Square*\] (in French). Paris: Robert Laffont. ASIN B003OS1I6A.
* Gorbanevskaya, Natalia \[Наталья Горбаневская\] (1970). *Полдень: Дело о демонстрации 25 августа 1968 года на Красной площади* \[*Noon: The case on the demonstration of 25 August 1968 at the Red Square*\] (in Russian). Frankfurt-on-Main: Посев \[Seeding\].
* Gorbanevskaya, Natalya (1972). *Red Square at Noon*. London: Andre Deutsch. ISBN 978-0233955179.
* Gorbanevskaya, Natalya (1972). *Poems*. Manchester: Carcanet Press. ISBN 978-0-85635-002-3.
* Gorbanevskaya, Natalya (March 1972). "Fourteen poems". *Index on Censorship*. **1** (1): 107–116. doi:10.1080/03064227208532158. S2CID 220926995.
* Gorbanevskaya, Natalya; Tjalsma, H. W. (Autumn 1975). "What grief". *The Massachusetts Review*. **16** (4): 625. JSTOR 25088584.
* Gorbanevskaya, Natalya (Autumn 1975). "Recollection". *The Massachusetts Review*. **16** (4): 626. JSTOR 25088585.
* Gorbanevskaya, Natalya (January 1977). "Twelve poems". *Index on Censorship*. **6** (1): 37–40. doi:10.1080/03064227708532601. S2CID 220947830.
* Gorbanevskaya, Natalya (January 1977). "Writing for 'samizdat'". *Index on Censorship*. **6** (1): 29–36. doi:10.1080/03064227708532600.
* Gorbanevskaya, Nathalia (1982). "Témoignage" \[Testimony\]. In Galanskov, Youri (ed.). *Le manifeste humain précédé par les témoignages de V. Boukovsky, N. Gorbanevskaïa, A. Guinzbourg, E. Kouznetsov* \[*Human manifesto preceded by testimonies of V. Bukovsky, N. Gorbanevskaya, A. Ginzburg, E. Kuznetsov*\] (in French). Lausanne: Editions L'Age d'Homme. pp. 32–39. ISBN 978-2825109205.
* Gorbanevskaïa, Natalia (2009). "Samizdat et Internet" \[Samizdat and Internet\]. *Revue Russe* (in French). **33** (1): 137–143. doi:10.3406/russe.2009.2393.

## InfoBox

| Natalya Yevgenyevna Gorbanevskaya | |
| --- | --- |
| Наталья Евгеньевна Горбаневская | |
| Gorbanevskaya at the balcony of the library "Russian abroad" (Русское Зарубежье), Moscow, 19 September 2005 | |
| Born | (1936-05-26)26 May 1936
Moscow, Soviet Union |
| Died | 29 November 2013(2013-11-29) (aged 77)
Paris, France |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Citizenship | Soviet Union (formerly) and Poland |
| Alma mater | Leningrad University |
| Occupation(s) | Russian poet, translator of Polish literature, civil rights activist |
| Known for | her participation in Soviet dissident movement, the 1968 Red Square demonstration, the editing of *A Chronicle of Current Events* and struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union |
| Movement | the dissident movement in the Soviet Union |
|  | |


title: Natain

abstract: Natain is a village located in Dina Tehsil of Jhelum District in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. It is about 8.5 km away from the town of Dina and 25 km away from Jhelum City. The village is one of many villages surrounding Dina town. The village is located 32°59'53"N and 73°32'2"E and has an altitude of 275 metres (905 ft). It consists mainly of large crop fields of the residents.

text:
# Natain

**Natain** is a village located in Dina Tehsil of Jhelum District in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. It is about 8.5 km away from the town of Dina and 25 km away from Jhelum City. The village is one of many villages surrounding Dina town. The village is located 32°59'53"N and 73°32'2"E and has an altitude of 275 metres (905 ft). It consists mainly of large crop fields of the residents.

32°59′53″N 73°32′2″E / 32.99806°N 73.53389°E / 32.99806; 73.53389


title: Zak's Lunch

abstract: Zak's Lunch is a children's book written by Margie Palatini and illustrated by Howard Fine. Published by Clarion Books, it is about a boy named Zak who refuses to eat the ham and cheese sandwich his mother made for him for lunch and goes into his imagination of a restaurant.

text:
# Zak's Lunch

***Zak's Lunch*** is a children's book written by Margie Palatini and illustrated by Howard Fine. Published by Clarion Books, it is about a boy named Zak who refuses to eat the ham and cheese sandwich his mother made for him for lunch and goes into his imagination of a restaurant.

## Summary

Zak's mother calls him to come eat lunch. Zak and his dog, George, enter the kitchen. Zak's mother gives him a ham and cheese sandwich, and Zak tells his mother he doesn't want to eat it. His mother tells him "this is not a restaurant" and that she wants to see that sandwich gone.

Zak imagines that he and George are in a restaurant called *Zak's Place*. He begins ordering food from the waitress, Lou. Cookie, the cook, makes Zak a cheeseburger deluxe with a pound of pickles. Zak goes on to order French Fries, a pizza, chicken, a tub of spaghetti with meatballs the size of baseballs, hot dogs with chili, and nachos with cheese. After their lunch, they have dessert: a mountain of vanilla and a hill of chocolate.

Zak's mother begins calling Zak's name, and George's bark brings Zak out of his imagination. His mother tells him again that she wants to see that sandwich gone. When his mother turns around, Zak feeds George the sandwich, and successfully tricks his mother.

## InfoBox

Zak's Lunch
| Front cover | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Margie Palatini |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Clarion Books/ Houghton Mifflin Company |
| Publication date | 1998 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Pages | 32 |
| ISBN | 0-395-81674-2 |
| OCLC | 36847783 |
| Dewey Decimal | \[E\] 21 |
| LC Class | PZ7.P1755 Zak 1998 |


title: Nate Kenyon

abstract: Nate Kenyon is an American author of thrillers, science fiction, and horror novels and short fiction. His latest book, Day One, was released by Thomas Dunne Books on October 1, 2013. Kenyon's first novel, Bloodstone, was a Bram Stoker Award finalist and was voted the Preditors and Editors Horror Novel of the Year for 2006. His second novel, The Reach, was also a Bram Stoker Award finalist. The Reach received a starred Publishers Weekly review, and was optioned for film. Kenyon's other novels include The Bone Factory and Sparrow Rock. He has also written a science fiction novella, Prime. Kenyon has written two novels for Blizzard Entertainment and Pocket Books based on Blizzard's video game franchises, StarCraft and Diablo. StarCraft Ghost: Spectres was released in November 2010. Spectres is the sequel to the novel StarCraft Ghost: Nova, written by Keith R. A. DeCandido. Diablo: The Order was released in May 2012. Kenyon is a member of the Horror Writers Association and International Thriller Writers. Kenyon finished the Diablo III novel, Storm of Light, in late 2013.

text:
# Nate Kenyon

**Nate Kenyon** is an American author of thrillers, science fiction, and horror novels and short fiction. His latest book, *Day One*, was released by Thomas Dunne Books on October 1, 2013.

Kenyon's first novel, *Bloodstone* (Five Star Publishing, 2006; Leisure Books, 2008), was a Bram Stoker Award finalist and was voted the Preditors and Editors Horror Novel of the Year for 2006. His second novel, *The Reach*, was also a Bram Stoker Award finalist. *The Reach* received a starred *Publishers Weekly* review, and was optioned for film. Kenyon's other novels include *The Bone Factory* (Leisure Books, July 2009) and *Sparrow Rock* (Leisure Books, May 2010). He has also written a science fiction novella, *Prime* (Apex Books, July 2009).

Kenyon has written two novels for Blizzard Entertainment and Pocket Books based on Blizzard's video game franchises, *StarCraft* and *Diablo*. *StarCraft Ghost: Spectres* was released in November 2010. *Spectres* is the sequel to the novel *StarCraft Ghost: Nova*, written by Keith R. A. DeCandido. *Diablo: The Order* was released in May 2012.

Kenyon is a member of the Horror Writers Association and International Thriller Writers.

Kenyon finished the Diablo III novel, *Storm of Light*, in late 2013.

## InfoBox

| Nate Kenyon | |
| --- | --- |
| Occupation | Novelist |
| Nationality | American |
| Genre | Thriller, Horror, science fiction |
| Website | |
| www.natekenyon.com | |


title: ZTE Max Duo

abstract: The ZTE Max Duo LTE is a phablet smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by ZTE. The phone was released in August 2015.

text:
# ZTE Max Duo

The **ZTE Max Duo LTE** is a phablet smartphone designed, developed, and marketed by ZTE. The phone was released in August 2015.

## Specifications

### General specs

| Form Factor | Candy Bar |
| --- | --- |
| Camera Features | Auto Focus + LED Flash |
| Video Capture | 4096x3072 |
| CPU | 1.5GHz Octa-Core |
| Expandable Memory | No microSDHC card included, capacity up to 64GB |
| Frequencies | UMTS: 850/AWS/1900 MHz | LTE: B2/B4/B5/B17
CDMA: 800/1900, LTE B4/B13, Support SRLTE, No CA |
| Bluetooth | 4.0 |
| WiFi | 802.11 b/g/n |
| GPS | Yes |
| USB | Yes, quick charge compatible |
| Headset | Yes, 3.5 mm |
| Hearing Aid
Complaint | Yes, M4/T3 |
| TTY Capability | Yes |

### Software

The ZTE Max Duo runs Android Lollipop 5.1.1 launched in 2014.

## InfoBox

ZTE Max Duo
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Manufacturer | ZTE |
| Model | Z963VL / Z962BL |
| First released | August 7, 2015 (2015-08-07) |
| Availability by region | August 7, 2015 |
| Type | Phablet |
| Dimensions | 165.1 mm (6.50 in) H
83.8 mm (3.30 in) W
9.1 mm (0.36 in) D |
| Weight | 183 g (6.5 oz) |
| Operating system | **Original & Current:** Android 5.1.1 Lollipop |
| Storage | 16 GB and 2 GB of RAM |
| Battery | 3500 mAh (13.1Wh) |
| Display | 5.8 in (150 mm) 4096×3072
GSM, CDMA |
| Rear camera | dual; 13 MP & 2 MP |
| Front camera | 5 MP |
| Website | www.zteusa.com/maxduo |


title: Nathaniel Railton

abstract: Nathaniel Gerard Railton was Archdeacon of Lindsey from 1941 until his death. Railton was educated at Keble College, Oxford; and ordained in 1912. He began his career as Curate of St John, Fitzroy Square after which he was Rector of Toddington from 1916 to 1920. He became a Chaplain to the Forces in 1920 serving at Aldershot, York, Tidworth, and Gibraltar.

text:
# Nathaniel Railton

**Nathaniel Gerard Railton** (10 February 1886 – 8 September 1948) was Archdeacon of Lindsey from 1941 until his death.

Railton was educated at Keble College, Oxford; and ordained in 1912. He began his career as Curate of St John, Fitzroy Square after which he was Rector of Toddington from 1916 to 1920. He became a Chaplain to the Forces in 1920 serving at Aldershot, York, Tidworth, and Gibraltar.


title: Nancy Crow

abstract: Nancy Morrison Crow is an American art quilter and fiber artist. She is one of the leading figures in the development of the art quilting movement of the 1970s and 1980s, and is also known for her development of certain techniques to allow more spontaneity and expression.

text:
# Nancy Crow

**Nancy Morrison Crow** (born 1943) is an American art quilter and fiber artist. She is one of the leading figures in the development of the art quilting movement of the 1970s and 1980s, and is also known for her development of certain techniques to allow more spontaneity and expression.

## Early life and education

Crow was born in 1943 in the small town of Loudonville, Ohio. She is the youngest of eight children. Crow studied ceramics and weaving at Ohio State University where she earned a BFA in 1965 and a MFA in 1969.

## Quilting

In 1979, Crow began to concentrate seriously on quilt making. Her emphasis from the beginning was on graphic power of color. In her early quilts, she juxtaposed traditional quilt patterns like the Log Cabin block with vibrant color combinations. Her later works use her own asymmetrical designs. Crow is one of the leading figures in the development of the art quilting movement of the 1970s and 1980s. In the 1990s, Crow developed freeform cutting techniques allowing for more spontaneity and personal expression. She says of her work:

> The purpose of my quilts is to make something beautiful but, at the same time, my quilts are a means of expression, representing my deepest feelings and my life experiences. In addition, my quilts are all about how I see color and color relationships, how I see shapes, and how I see line and linear movements. They are also about complexity, sadness, and hope.
>
> Nancy Crow

In 1979 Crow co-founded of the Quilt National exhibitions, a juried biennial exhibition of contemporary quilt art. In 1994, she established a teaching workshop on the farm where she lives, near Baltimore, Ohio.

## Quilt series

* *Newe* (1980)
* *Bittersweet* (1980–1982) In 1979 Crow and her husband moved to a 50-acre farm west of Baltimore, Ohio. *Bittersweet* is a series of 22 quilts produced during the three-year period after she and her husband moved to the farm.
* *Tramp Art* (1983 – )
* *Passion* (1983–1985) A series of five quilts Crow created while she cared for her dying mother.
* *Yellow Crosses'* (1985)
* *Lady of Guadalupe* (1985–1988)
* *Jacob's Ladder* (1986 – )
* *Amish Paisley* (1987 – )
* *Mexican Wheels* (1987 – )
* *Double Mexican Wedding Rings* (1988–1992) This series combines the traditional Double Wedding Ring block with innovative changes in the scale of the blocks and her dramatic use of color.
* *Color Blocks I* (1988–1991) *Color Blocks I* comprised three quilts: *Color Blocks #1*, *Color Blocks #2*, *Color Blocks #3* (1988–1989). These three quilts explore visual complexity. In 1990 Crow returned to the *Color Blocks* series and created *Color Blocks #4*, which explores the square as a motif.
* *Bow Tie* (1991–1995) This series of 13 quilts explores the traditional quilt block Bow Tie in the context of abstract expressionist painting and asymmetrical shapes. Using simple shapes and simple formats, Crow explores the figure/ground relationship.
* *Chinese Souls* (1990–1994) In September 1990, Crow visited Xi'an in Shaanxi Province in China. While there she witnessed an episode of police brutality. Trucks filled with young men were driven around the city by the police with the sirens blaring. The young men had committed crimes and were scheduled to be executed. Crow created a series of quilts in which the circle represented the souls of the men scheduled to be executed, color threads symbolized the ropes around their necks.
* *Constructions* (1995–present) This series comprises more than 75 quilts. They mark Crow's ongoing explorations of shape and the actions of sewing, cutting and re-sewing to form complex patterns.

## Awards and honors

## Exhibitions

## Public collections

## Publications

* Nancy, Crow (1990). *Nancy Crow, quilts and influences*. Paducah, KY: American Quilter's Society. ISBN 9780891459446.
* (1992). *Nancy Crow : work in transition*. Paducah, KY: American Quilter's Society. ISBN 9780891459958.
* (1995). *Gradations*. Saddle Brook, NJ: Quilt House Pub. ISBN 978-1881588122.
* (1995). *Nancy Crow – improvisational quilts*. Lafayette, CA: C & T. ISBN 9781571200044.
* (2006). *Nancy Crow*. Elmhurst, IL: Breckling Press. ISBN 1933308036.
* (2008). *Crossroads : constructions, markings, and structures*. Elmhurst, IL: Breckling Press. ISBN 978-1933308197.


title: Nancy Cuomo

abstract: Maria Cuomo, best known as Nancy Cuomo, is an Italian singer and producer.

text:
# Nancy Cuomo

**Maria Cuomo** (born 9 May 1946), best known as **Nancy Cuomo**, is an Italian singer and producer.

## Life and career

Born in Piedimonte d'Alife (now called Piedimonte Matese), in the Province of Caserta, Campania, Cuomo started performing in a beat band, mainly active in local festivals and in music halls of Caserta. After recording her first singles with the label KappaO, in the mid-1960s she moved to Rome, where she was scriptured by the club Kilt.

Noted by Nico Fidenco, Cuomo was offered to perform "Love Love Bang Bang", theme song of the film *Kiss Kiss...Bang Bang*. In 1968 she was put under contract by Fonit Cetra. During her career Cuomo took part to Cantagiro, to some episodes of Settevoci and to several high-profile television programs. In 1973 she married and significantly slowed her activities.

## Discography

Album * 1965: *Il Juke Box* (KappaO, LP - ES-20056-71)
* 1966: *Sanremo '66* (KappaO, LP - cod. MOE-2)
* 1967: *Stereo Cinema Parade* (Parade, LP - FPRS-311)
* 1968: *Cantagiro '68* (CGD, LP - 25811)
* 1974: *Viaggio nell'amore* (Erre, LP - RRL-2014)
* 1975: *L'amore è una cosa meravigliosa* (Erre, LP - BSL-2014)
* 1980: *Prendimi, tienimi* (Hilton Record, LP - HJK-0155))
* 1996: *E nisciuno vo' sentì* (Nancy Cuomo Music, CD/MC - NC001)
* 1999: *Parlami ancora* (Nancy Cuomo Music, CD - CG20376)
* 2000: *Canti del cielo* (Nancy Cuomo Music, CD - RF16942)
* 2005: *Cine Jazz* (GDM Music, CD - GDM2055)
* 2006: *The Spy Movie Collection* (Verita Note - Japan, CD - CPC81090)
* 2007: *Movie Songs Book* (Gemelli, CD - GG2505)
* 2009: *Aria di Roma* (La Semicroma Label, CD - FC170410)

## InfoBox

| Nancy Cuomo | |
| --- | --- |
| Cuomo with composer Manuel De Sica (1974) | |
| Born | Maria Cuomo
9 May 1946 (1946-05-09) (age 78)
Piedimonte Matese, Caserta, Italy |
| Occupation | Singer-songwriter |


title: Nancy Cárdenas

abstract: Nancy Cárdenas was a Mexican actress, poet, writer and feminist.

text:
# Nancy Cárdenas

**Nancy Cárdenas** (29 May 1934 – 23 March 1994) was a Mexican actress, poet, writer and feminist.

## Education

Born in Parras de la Fuente, Coahuila, Cárdenas earned a doctorate in Philosophy and Letters at the National Autonomous University of Mexico, studied staging, film and theater at Yale University in the United States and took courses in Polish language and culture in Łódź.

## Radio, theater and cinema

Nancy Cárdenas began as a radio announcer at the age of 20 years, then became a stage actress. In the 1950s she participated in the reading program, *Poesía en Voz Alta* ("Poetry Out Loud"), directed by Héctor Mendoza.

In the 1960s she switched to writing. She published her first one-act play, *El cántaro seco* (The Empty Pitcher), and began a career as a journalist for various magazines and on the culture pages of various newspapers.

In 1970 she worked as a theater director on *El efecto de los rayos gamma sobre las caléndulas* (The Effect of Gamma Rays on Marigolds), which won the Association of Theatre Critics Prize. She directed several successful plays, displaying certain political implications. She also wrote, along with Carlos Monsiváis, a documentary film, *México de mis amores*, and directed it herself in 1979.

From 1980 she devoted her time to writing plays and poetry. She died in Mexico City on March 23, 1994, of breast cancer.

## Sexuality

At age 39, Cárdenas became the first publicly declared lesbian in Mexico when she revealed her sexuality on the TV show *24 horas*, hosted by Jacobo Zabludovsky, during an interview about the firing of a gay employee. In the 1970s, she pioneered the gay liberation movement in Mexico, elaborating on the subject in several television interviews.

She founded, in 1974, the first gay organization in Mexico, Frente de Liberación Homosexual Mexicano (FLHM; Mexican Homosexual Liberation Front). As a feminist and sexology specialist she also held numerous conferences, seminars and national and international television interviews on the subject. In 1975, along with Carlos Monsiváis, she wrote the Manifesto in Defense of Homosexuals in Mexico. On October 2, 1978, during the march in commemoration of the Tlatelolco massacre, she headed the first gay pride march in the Plaza de las Tres Culturas.

A center for gay and lesbian activities was named in her honor: the Nancy Cárdenas Latin American and Mexican Lesbian Documentation and Historical Archives Center (CDAHL).

## Works

### Film

* México de mis amores (1979) (direction and photography – director with Carlos Monsiváis)

### Theater

* El cántaro seco (The Empty Pitcher)
* Y la maestra bebe un poco (And the teacher drinks a bit)
* Los chicos de la banda de Matt Crowley (adaptation of Matt Crowley's *Boys in the Band*)
* Cuarteto (Foursome)
* Misterio bufo (Bouffe Mystery )
* La hiedra (Ivy)
* La casa de muñecas de Henrik Ibsen (Henrik Ibsen's Doll House)
* El pozo de la soledad de Radclyffe Hall (Radclyffe Hall's Well of Loneliness)
* Sida.... así es la vida (AIDS .... such is life)

### Poetry

* Cuaderno de amor y desamor (1968–1993) (Book of love and hate)

## InfoBox

| Nancy Cárdenas | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Nancy María Magdalena Cárdenas Martínez
(1934-05-29)May 29, 1934
Parras de la Fuente, Mexico |
| Died | March 23, 1994(1994-03-23) (aged 59)
Mexico City, Mexico |
| Alma mater | National Autonomous University of Mexico |
| Occupation(s) | Poet, writer, actress, LGBT activist |


title: ZTTK syndrome

abstract: ZTTK syndrome is a rare multisystem disease caused in humans by a genetic mutation of the SON gene. Common symptoms include developmental delay and often light to severe intellectual disability. Characteristic abnormalities include cerebral cortex malformations, vision difficulties, musculoskeletal abnormalities and congenital defects. Individuals with a mutation in the SON gene may not all display these features. However, SON loss of function (LoF) variants appear to cause a clinically distinguished phenotype.

text:
# ZTTK syndrome

**ZTTK syndrome (Zhu-Tokita-Takenouchi-Kim syndrome)** is a rare multisystem disease caused in humans by a genetic mutation of the SON gene. Common symptoms include developmental delay and often light to severe intellectual disability.

Characteristic abnormalities include cerebral cortex malformations, vision difficulties, musculoskeletal abnormalities and congenital defects. Individuals with a mutation in the SON gene may not all display these features. However, SON loss of function (LoF) variants appear to cause a clinically distinguished phenotype.

## Signs and Symptoms

The key signs and symptoms associated with ZTTK Syndrome patients include ocular, facial and systemic features.

### Ocular Features

Distinctive ocular features of the ZTTK syndrome are deep-set eyes, down-slanting palpebral fissures and horizontal eyebrows. Children with ZTTK syndrome may present with vision problems including optic atrophy and cerebral visual impairment, resulting in poor visual responses. Strabismus; misalignment or crossing of the eyes when viewing an object, direct hypermetropia; farsightedness, and nystagmus; eyes making repetitive and uncontrolled movements, are frequently present.

### Facial Features

Individuals with ZTTK syndrome have distinctive minor to moderate facial dysmorphisms. Distinct facial features include facial asymmetry, low-set ears, midface retraction, frontal bossing, a depressed and or broad nasal bridge and a smooth or short philtrum.

### Systemic Features

Multi-system abnormalities are common in ZTTK syndrome. The majority of individuals diagnosed with ZTTK syndrome display congenital malformations such as urogenital and malformations, heart defects, and a high or cleft palate.

Congenital defects such as a thinned atrial septum, ventricular septal defects, patent ductus arteriosus, dysplastic kidney and agenesis of the lung and gallbladder have also been noted. Whole body musculoskeletal abnormalities have been observed in ZTTK syndrome patients, including hemivertebrae, scoliosis or kyphosis, contractures, joint laxity, joint hypermobility and hypotonia. During the neonatal period, persistent feeding difficulties is associated with growth failure and a short stature in most individuals with ZTTK syndrome.

### Central Nervous System

Developmental delay is common in ZTTK syndrome patients, and appears to progressively increase the severity of intellectual disability with age. The development of gross and fine motor skills, as well as fluent and receptive language skills are shown to be delayed in developmental age. Macrocephaly and brain white matter abnormalities have also been observed. Seizures often develop between the ages of 1 and 6 years old.

### Physiological

Mutations of the SON gene can affect metabolism and mitochondrial function in newborns with ZTTK syndrome. Metabolic screening confirmed mitochondrial dysfunction and O-glycosylation defects in individuals with ZTTK syndrome. Decreased levels of immunoglobulin A and or immunoglobulin G identified in ZTTK syndrome patients resulted in coagulation abnormalities.

## Genetics

ZTTK syndrome is caused by heterozygous mutations in the SON gene. As an autosomal dominant disease, children with parents carrying a SON mutation have a 50% risk of inheriting the mutation. However, the majority of affected individuals have de novo mutations in the SON gene.

### Allelic Variants of SON Gene

Many individuals with ZTTK syndrome have identified heterozygosity for a de novo 4-base pair deletion de novo mutation in exon 3 in the SON gene and de novo 2-base point insertion in exon, resulting in haploinsufficiency or a frameshift and premature termination in the arginine/serine (RS) domain. Peripheral blood cells from the sampled patients confirmed decreased levels of the mutant RNA transcript, consistent with haploinsufficiency. Other mutations observed include a nonsense mutation, an in-frame deletion of amino acids and an entire gene deletion. De novo heterozygous 1-base point duplication in exon 3 and 1-base point deletion in exon 4 of the SON gene resulted in a frameshift and premature termination. Parental DNA has confirmed that de novo mutations are common in patients with ZTTK syndrome. De novo LoF mutations and haploinsufficiency for the SON gene are shown to cause profound developmental malformations during embryonic development as seen in the phenotypic manifestations of the ZTTK syndrome.

### Structure of SON Gene

SON is a large protein consisting of 2426 amino acids and repeat sequences. SON is located within the human chromosomal region 21q22.11 in nuclear speckles and consists of 12 exons. Exon 3 of the SON gene is particularly large, accounting for 82% of the entire coding region. The majority of SON variants found in ZTTK syndrome individuals are localised to exon 3.

## Mechanism

### Role of SON in RNA Splicing

The SON gene encodes the SON protein, which is able to bind to DNA and RNA. The SON protein is mainly localised to nuclear speckles and involved in a variety of cellular processes such as transcription, cell cycle regulation and subnuclear organisation of pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) splicing.

SON contains various domains such as the RS-rich domain, a G-patch domain and a double-stranded RNA-binding motif. The presence of these domains is necessary for SON to mediate constitutive and alternative splicing. The RS-rich domain serves to localise SON in nuclear speckles with pre-mRNA processing factors. The functional domains and specific localisation of SON in nuclear speckles has indicated its role in pre-mRNA splicing.

SON also plays a key role in alternative splicing of exons. SON is required for genome stability by ensuring the efficiency of RNA splicing of weak constitutive and alternative splice sites. SON-dependent cell-cycle genes possess a weak 5’ or 3’ splice site and are dependent on SON to ensure efficient splicing and spliceosome recognition.

### Role of SON in Embryonic Development

The SON gene also plays a critical role during development. SON is expressed preferentially in undifferentiated stem cells. Depletion of SON results in stem cell differentiation.

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are able to undergo lineage-specific differentiation into specific types of cells, known as pluripotency. Pluripotent stem cells, such as hESCs can undergo gastrulation to give rise to the three germ layers.

A significant level of SON expression in fetal tissue has suggested a regulatory role of SON in cellular proliferation and or differentiation during embryonic development by influencing the splicing of pluripotency maintenance genes. The expression of transcription factors such as the SON factor and epigenetic modifiers regulate the pluripotency of hESCs by ensuring genes undergo RNA splicing to create a mature RNA transcript.

The SON gene is required for RNA splicing of transcripts encoding the cell-cycle protein TUBG1 and genes maintaining hESC pluripotency; PRDM14, OCTA, E4F1 and MED24 in hESCs. As OCT4 is involved in the core transcriptional circuitry in hESCs, misregulation of OCT4 induces cell differentiation. PRDM14 is a pluripotency regulator and MED24 is a mediator complex essential in the maintenance of pluripotency. In wild-type ESCs, SON binding to the RNA transcripts of pluripotency regulating genes such as PRDM14 and OCT4 results in correct splicing and maintenance of pluripotency.

### Effects of SON Haploinsufficiency on RNA Splicing and Embryonic Development

The downregulation of SON can impact the regulation of mitotic regulator transcripts and cause defects in cell survival and the developmental process. SON depletion causes decreased cell growth, disarrayed microtubule processes and disordered spindle pole separation, causing mitotic arrest at metaphase and severe genome integrity impairment. Mitotic cells without functional SON have increased double-stranded DNA breaks and micronuclei formation. Consequently, genome stability and regulation of the cell cycle are compromised, contributing to the development of multi-organ defects in ZTTK syndrome patients.

Aberrant splicing and de novo heterozygous LoF mutations in SON gene disrupts the process of gene expression and can result in SON haploinsufficiency. ZTTK syndrome individuals with SON haploinsufficiency display decreased mRNA expression and abnormal RNA splicing products of numerous genes which are necessary for neuronal cell migration, metabolic processes and neurodevelopment of the brain.

RNA analyses from affected individuals with ZTTK syndrome confirmed the downregulation of genes essential for neuronal migration and cortex organisation (TUBG1, FLNA, PNKP, WDR62, PSMD3, HDAC6) and metabolism (PCK2, PFKL, IDH2, ACY1, and ADA). Aberrant SON-mediated RNA splicing results from the accumulation of mis-spliced transcripts. The mis-spliced RNA products are caused by significant intron retention (TUBG1, FLNA, PNKP, WDR62, PSMD3, PCK2, PFKL, IDH2, and ACY1) and exon skipping (HDAC6 and ADA). In contrast, the parents of individuals with ZTTK syndrome display an absence of mis-spliced RNA products.

SON depletion downregulates and causes aberrant splicing of the pluripotency factors, OCT4, PRDM14, MED24 and E4F1, inducing spontaneous differentiation of hESCs followed by widespread cell death. As SON acts as an intron splicing activator, the depletion of SON leads to increased intron retention and exon skipping in hESCs in regulatory genes of the cell cycle and hESC identity. Mutations in the SON gene and or SON haploinsufficiency compromises SON-mediated RNA splicing and contributes to the complex developmental defects observed in individuals with ZTTK syndrome. Erroneous SON function causes insufficient production of downstream targets, genome instability and disrupted cell cycle progression which are fundamental to the developmental defects and organ abnormalities in individuals with ZTTK syndrome. For example, FLNA haploinsufficiency observed in individuals with ZTTK syndrome is the main cause of a rare brain disorder, periventricular nodular heterotopia. De novo LoF mutations in TUBG1 can result in microcephaly and cortical malformations due to compromised SON-mediated RNA splicing in affected ZTTK syndrome individuals.

The consequence of SON haploinsufficiency on embryonic development has also been studied in zebrafish animal models (*Danio rerio).* A range of developmental defects was observed, including bent, shortened or gnarled tails, massive body curvatures with deformed body axes, eye malformations and microcephaly. Embryos that survived for a longer period of time have more severe phenotypes such as spinal malformations with brain oedema, imitating features observed in affected ZTTK syndrome individuals.

## Diagnosis

### Brain Imaging

Early diagnosis of the ZTTK syndrome can be determined by brain imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain of ZTTK syndrome patients have revealed significant abnormalities.

Abnormal gyration patterns were seen, including polymicrogyria; many unusually small folds in the brain, simplified gyria; reduced number and shallow appearance of gyri, and periventricular nodular heterotopia; failure of neurons to migrate properly during early development of the fetal brain.

Ventriculomegaly can also be observed in MRI where the lateral ventricles become dilated in the foetus and can contribute to developmental delays in ZTTK syndrome individual. Another common feature observed in ZTTK syndrome patients is Arnold-Chiari malformations which are structural defects in the cerebellum that manifest during fetal development and can lead to vision problems, scoliosis or kyphosis in ZTTK syndrome patients.

Other pathological features seen on MRI scans of ZTTK syndrome individuals include arachnoid cysts, hypoplasia of the corpus callosum and cerebellar hemispheres and loss of periventricular white matter.

Most individuals with ZTTK syndrome are identified early in childhood due to developmental delays and intellectual disabilities. However, a formal diagnosis of intellectual disability can only be conducted by a performance of an IQ test score of below 70.

### Whole Exome Sequencing

Whole exome sequencing (WES) can be used as a non-biased tool in the diagnostic evaluation of individuals with suspected genetic disorders such as the ZTTK syndrome. Using WES, individuals were identified with truncating variants of SON and overlapping clinical features.

ZTTK syndrome has been identified as a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a de novo mutation in the SON gene using WES. The SON gene is known to be a major cause of severe intellectual disability and consequent developmental disorders. The first de novo truncating variant in SON was recognised in a group of individuals with severe intellectual disabilities. Sanger sequencing or the use of WES of parental samples confirmed the de novo status of the truncating and missense mutations of the SON gene in the sampled ZTTK syndrome individuals. Variants identified included a premature stop variant in exon 3, frame-shift variants in exon 3 and a frameshift variant in exon 4.

## Treatment

There is currently no treatment for ZTTK syndrome. However, physical therapy and addressing the specific problems of multi organ disorders may be helpful.

## Research

As of 2024, a patient group is attempting to raise money to research a cure involving gene therapy or gene editing.

## InfoBox

| ZTTK syndrome | |
| --- | --- |
| Other names | **Z**hu-**T**okita-**T**akenouchi-**K**im syndrome |


title: Zakeeya Patel

abstract: Zakeeya Patel, is a South African actress and presenter. She is best known for her roles in the series Isidingo, 7de Laan and High Rollers.

text:
# Zakeeya Patel

**Zakeeya Patel** (born 6 January 1988), is a South African actress and presenter. She is best known for her roles in the series *Isidingo*, *7de Laan* and *High Rollers*.

## Early life

Patel was born in Durban, South Africa. She is of Indian descent on her father's side and Coloured descent on her mother's. She graduated with a BA Honors Degree in Theatre and Performance from The University of Cape Town.

## Career

In 2005, she played the role 'Samantha Sharma' in the television soap opera *Isidingo*. The show later became highly popular. Meanwhile in 2013, she became the champion of the Season 6 of Strictly Come Dancing ( the South African version of Dancing With The Stars). In 2012, she appeared in the comedy film *Material* and played the role 'Aisha Kaif'. Then in 2013, she appeared in show *High Rollers*. In 2014, she appeared with the stage play *Emotional Creature* in which he got the opportunity to work with acclaimed American activist and writer Eve Ensler.

In 2018, she acted in the film *The Docket* In 2019, she appeared in the Netflix original series *Shadow*. In the same year, she acted in the Showmax's thriller film *The Girl from St. Agnes*. In late 2019, she played a supportive role in the film *3 Days to Go*. In 2020, she starred in the sequel to 2012 film *Material* titled as *New Material*.

## Personal life

Patel married economist Rob Price in a multicultural interfaith ceremony in November 2017. They moved to Los Angeles, California in December 2019.

## Filmography

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012 | *Material* | Aisha Kaif |  |  |
| 2013 | *Nothing for Mahala* | Nurse Taz |  |  |
| 2013 | *Previously on Childrens Hospital Africa* |  | Short |  |
| 2015 | *Die Pro* | Jasmine Farat |  |  |
| 2015 | *The Jakes Are Missing* | Nancy |  |  |
| 2019 | *3 Days to Go* | Candice |  |  |
| 2020 | *New Material* |  |  |  |
|

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2013 | *The Wild* | Amita Kahn |  |  |
| 2013 | *High Rollers* | Dhanni Rangila |  |  |
| 2014 | *7de Laan* | Video Blog Girl |  |  |
| 2014 | *Mzansi Love: Big City Love* | Buhle Patel |  |  |
| 2014 | *Skwizas* | Lydia |  |  |
| 2015–16 | *Isidingo* | Samantha Sharma |  |  |
| 2017 | *Thula's Vine* | Kim K |  |  |
| 2018 | *The Docket* | Lexie Patel |  |  |
| 2019 | *The Girl from St. Agnes* | Sharon McMahon |  |  |
| 2019 | *Shadow* | Sarah |  |  |
|

## InfoBox

| Zakeeya Patel | |
| --- | --- |
| Patel in 2020 | |
| Born | (1988-01-06) January 6, 1988<br>Durban, Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa |
| Alma mater | University of Cape Town |
| Occupation(s) | Actress, presenter |
| Years active | 2008–present |
| Height | 1.56 m (5 ft 1 in) |
| Spouse | Rob Price (m. 2017) |
| Children | 1 |


title: National Geoscience Database of Iran

abstract: The National Geoscience Database of Iran or in brief NGDIR is a scientific and research government agency in Iran which works in the field of Geology of Iran and centrally manages Geoscience data. This center was established in 1999 in the field of data collection authority with the aim of managing, preserving and sharing Geoscience data.

text:
# National Geoscience Database of Iran

The **National Geoscience Database of Iran** (Persian: پایگاه ملی داده‌های علوم زمین کشور) or in brief **NGDIR** is a scientific and research government agency in Iran which works in the field of Geology of Iran and centrally manages Geoscience data. This center was established in 1999 in the field of data collection authority with the aim of managing, preserving and sharing Geoscience data.

## History

The core of the National Geoscience Database of Iran (NGDIR) was established in 1999 at the Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran and its main activities until 2000 is limited to collecting mineral information in the library of the organization and creating the first mineral database and collection and unification of map information in the Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran. In the same year, the creating of Geoscience Database task was assigned to the Ministry of Industries and Mines (Iran). Since then, the National Geoscience Database of Iran's structure became more independent and thematic development of its databases in the fields of Geology, Geography, Mining, Risk, etc. was put on its agenda. As the amount of information increased, the only way to provide the proper provision of information was to create a fully dynamic website. As a result, the site was designed so that it is possible to enter, edit and even manage information on the site without specifying the time and place on the Internet. In 2015, according to paragraph b, Article 157 of the Fifth Five-Year Development Plan of the Islamic Republic of Iran, based on launching a comprehensive database of geosciences and simultaneously increasing the activity of the Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran in interdisciplinary sciences and expanding its activities, objectives and procedures of the National Geoscience Database of Iran (NGDIR) were reviewed.

## Organization chart

* National Geoscience Database of Iran (NGDIR)
    + Recognition and standardization of geoscience data
    + Database Center
    + Geoscience information presentation system

## Administrative structure

The National Geoscience Database of Iran (NGDIR) consists of the following administrative sections:

* Information presentation system
* Data cognition and standardization
* Database Center
* Information Technology Affairs
* Administration and services
* Geosciences Library
* Management Affairs

## Strategic goals

The National Geoscience Database of Iran (NGDIR) pursues the following strategic goals:

* Focus on database maintenance cycles on making the most of available resources
* Maintenance of data and supply of geoscience of the country
* Prepare standards for data, products and processes in various fields of geoscience
* Validation and evaluation of data and products of geoscience
* Presenting data and products of geoscience from different portals and in line with modern technology in accordance with the needs of their stakeholders
* Research, compilation and dissemination of analytical and decision-making data models from geoscience data
* Implementing service orientation and mechanization geoscience database services
* Creating a life cycle for geoscience data and supplies
* Intellectual profitability and providing a unique identifier for geoscience supplies
* Effective and timely response to geoscience events
* Becoming a place of exchange of data and supplies of geoscience
* Providing a sustainable platform for interaction, reflection, exchange and gathering knowledge and opinions of those involved in geoscience
* Gain global credibility by providing data and achievements of the country's geoscience at the international level
* Monetize the power, experience, expertise, data and services available in the database
* Ensure the successful implementation of the activities of the database by providing the necessary legal bases

## Data management process

The data management process in the National Geoscience Database of Iran (NGDIR) includes a cycle of data collection and retrieval, data storage and presentation standards. The first stage of data management includes recognizing and standardizing the data produced by different groups in the Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran. The output of the recognization and standardization section is the input of the database process. At this stage, the input data is evaluated and analyzed and then stored in a standard format in databases. The next stage is to provide information in which the data stored in the databases is presented as standard. The data life cycle does not end with the presentation of data because the data needs to be constantly updated to provide accurate and up-to-date information to users, so the data re-enters the cycle after update.

## InfoBox

National Geoscience Database of Iran
| Agency overview | |
| --- | --- |
| Formed | 1999 (1999) |
| Type | Government Agency |
| Headquarters | 1461655694, Tehran, Iran, Sadeghieh 2nd Square, North Shohada Boulevard, Corner of 15th Alley, No. 109<br>35°43′25″N 51°20′16″E / 35.7235136°N 51.3378799°E / 35.7235136; 51.3378799 |
| Motto | NGDIR |
| Employees | 17 |
| Agency executive |  |
| Parent department | Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade |
| Parent agency | Geological Survey and Mineral Exploration of Iran |
| Website | www.ngdir.ir |


title: National German-American Alliance

abstract: The National German-American Alliance, was a federation of ethnic German associations in the United States founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on October 6, 1901. Charles John Hexamer was elected its first president, and served until 1917. The mission of the NGAA was to "promote and preserve German culture in America"; it essentially sought to resist the assimilation of Germans in America. At the peak of its growth, around 1916, the national organization had chapters in forty-five states, and the District of Columbia, and a membership of approximately 2.5 million people. A professional movement, the NGAA promoted German language instruction in school, the foundation of educational societies, including the German American Historical Society, and the publication of histories and journals to demonstrate "the role German-Americans had played in the development of the United States."

text:
# National German-American Alliance

The **National German-American Alliance** (**NGAA**; German: **Deutschamerikanischer National-Bund**), was a federation of ethnic German associations in the United States founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on October 6, 1901. Charles John Hexamer was elected its first president, and served until 1917. The mission of the NGAA was to "promote and preserve German culture in America"; it essentially sought to resist the assimilation of Germans in America. At the peak of its growth, around 1916, the national organization had chapters in forty-five states, and the District of Columbia, and a membership of approximately 2.5 million people.

A professional movement, the NGAA promoted German language instruction in school, the foundation of educational societies, including the German American Historical Society, and the publication of histories and journals to demonstrate "the role German-Americans had played in the development of the United States."

## History

The formation of the NGAA was supported by existing state and local German-American organizations, as well as the German-American press. In particular, a state-level umbrella group of German-American organizations in Pennsylvania, the German-American Central Alliance of Pennsylvania (Deutsch-Amerikanischer Zentral-Bund von Pennsylvanien), founded in 1899, provided the impetus for the formation of a national organization. On June 19, 1900, the Pennsylvania group, under the leadership of its president, Charles J. Hexamer, hosted a meeting in Philadelphia of representatives from German-American organizations in Maryland, Minnesota, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. This core group, chaired by Hexamer, subsequently organized a larger meeting in Philadelphia the following year, on October 6, during the celebration of what was known as German Day, commemorating the arrival of the first German settlers in America. At that meeting, in 1901, the NGAA was officially founded by 39 delegates representing German-American organizations in 12 states and the District of Columbia.

The original delegates were primarily people of higher educational and social classes, and were from diverse professional backgrounds, including education, business, and the arts. In general the organization drew its initial support from intellectual elites, with no discernible presence of groups such as farmers, craftsmen, or factory workers.

The NGAA was given a United States congressional charter in 1907.

### Cultural activities

In 1901 the NGAA took an important step toward furthering its cultural goals with the founding of the Philadelphia-based German American Historical Society, which together with the NGAA sponsored the journal *Americana Germanica* as its official organ. Edited by Marion Dexter Learned, a professor of German at the University of Pennsylvania, the journal was devoted to scholarship in German-American studies, including literary, linguistic, and cultural matters, and also published American-written articles in the general field of Germanics; it became known as *German-American Annals* beginning in 1903, and continued until 1919.

In 1909 the NGAA began to issue its own monthly bulletin, *Mitteilungen*.

### Political issues, prohibition

Besides its primary activities focusing on the preservation of German culture in the United States, the NGAA had by 1903 also begun to venture into political issues affecting German Americans and German-American culture, while refraining from endorsing particular political candidates. Specifically, it sought to bolster support for the offering of German-language instruction in public schools; it opposed restriction on immigration (a position that formed a tenet in its constitution); and it opposed the prohibition movement. The issue of prohibition rose to the status of a top priority at the NGAA convention in Baltimore, in 1903. Although there was no connection at that time between the organization and brewing companies, it subsequently drew the attention and support of the brewing industry, including the United States Brewers' Association.

As American anti-German hysteria boiled over upon American entry into the war in 1917, brewing activity received considerable attention with regard to the possibility of disloyalty to the American war cause. The Anti-Saloon League and other dry organizations recognized the unique opportunity presented to them by the anti-German sentiment, and mobilized to attack the vulnerable position of native German brewers in American society. With increased frequency the Anti-Saloon League played on public opinion to question the loyalties of German brewers, shrewdly linking breweries to a list of institutions whose right to exist had been called into question in the midst of the growing anti-German hysteria.

During the first decade of the twentieth century the Cincinnati German-American community began a campaign to counter the rapid rise in prohibition sentiment. The organization held events such as in Cincinnati on July 21, 1907, when the German-American Alliance held a public gathering at Coney Island dubbed "Puritanism against Liberalism." In the view of local Germans, the issue was a simple matter of freedom, one of particular importance to immigrants who had left behind an oppressive homeland.

Cincinnati brewers and German-American societies combined to demonstrate the extent to which Prohibition would harm the industry as well as the national economy. An October 1910 publication of the Deutsche Schutzen-Gesellschaft of Covington noted that the government received approximately $80,000,000 in taxes from beer sales the year before. The clear implication was that the termination of such vital activity, involving over 1,500 breweries and 50,000 employees in the case of national prohibition, would have dire consequences for all involved.

### Demise

In an atmosphere of rising anti-German sentiment, the NGAA’s outspokenness against prohibition, its stance for neutrality during World War I, and its support of Germany, especially its practice of raising money for German war relief, led to its charter being revoked in 1918, following a Senate investigation. Congress passed a bill to revoke the charter in July, and President Wilson signed the measure into law on August 31. Under political pressure from all sides, the NGAA had already folded in April 1918.

### Successor

A later organization known as the German American Citizens League of the United States (Deutschamerikanischer Bürgerbund der Vereinigten Staaten) considered itself a successor to the NGAA, and shared many of the same goals. Like the NGAA, the League promoted the German language, literature, traditions, music and character, and sought to "provide for the adequate representation of the German-American element in the public life of the United States." In 1923, it "aimed to prevent another war between this country and Germany." The League was open only to US citizens who obligated themselves to vote if physically possible. It was headquartered in Chicago, where it published the weekly *Deutschamerikanische Bürgerzeitung*. It also published the *Staatsbürger* in St. Louis.

## Publications

## Bibliography

* Child, Clifton James. *The German-Americans in Politics, 1914-17* (1939) focus on the Alliance.
* Detjen, David W. *The Germans in Missouri, 1900-1918: Prohibition, Neutrality, and Assimilation* (University of Missouri Press, 1985).

* Johnson, C.T. (1999). *Culture at Twilight: The National German-American Alliance, 1901-1918.* Peter Lang.


title: Nataliya Bilukha

abstract: Nataliya Bilukha is a Ukrainian archer. She competed in the women's individual and team events at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Nataliya Bilukha

**Nataliya Bilukha** (born 22 January 1971) is a Ukrainian archer. She competed in the women's individual and team events at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

## InfoBox

Nataliya Bilukha
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Ukrainian |
| Born | (1971-01-22) 22 January 1971<br>Lviv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Archery |
| Medal record      Women's Archery  Representing  Ukraine  World Indoor Championships  1995 Birmingham  Team  European Championships  1996 Kranjska Gora  Team  European Indoor Championships  1996 Mol  Team | |


title: Natalis of Ulster

abstract: Natalis was a 6th-century Irish monk and saint. His father was Aenghus, who was 3rd in descent from Lughaidh, King of Munster. He died in 564. He was a spiritual student of Columba and founded monasteries throughout Ulster, serving as an abbot at St Naul's Abbey, Inver, Kinawley, Inver Naile, and Devenish Island, where he succeeded Saint Molaise. Saint Natalis is mentioned in the Topographia Hibernica, of Gerald of Wales, in the story of the "Werewolves of Ossory". In this narrative, the male werewolf claims that a pair of people from his village are transformed into wolves every seven years due to a retributive curse placed upon them by Natalis. A well in his memory still exists beside Kinawley Church, where the handle of his bell was preserved up to the 19th century. A Life of Naile dating from c.1520 is found in 'Miscellanea hagiographica Hibernica: vitae adhuc ineditae sanctorum Mac Creiche, Naile, Cranat'. Natalis' feast day is 27 January.

text:
# Natalis of Ulster

**Natalis** (**Saint Naile**, **Naal**) (died 564) was a 6th-century Irish monk and saint.

His father was Aenghus, who was 3rd in descent from Lughaidh, King of Munster. He died in 564. He was a spiritual student of Columba and founded monasteries throughout Ulster, serving as an abbot at St Naul's Abbey, Inver (County Donegal), Kinawley (Cill Naile), Inver Naile (at Raphoe, County Donegal), and Devenish Island, where he succeeded Saint Molaise.

Saint Natalis is mentioned in the *Topographia Hibernica*, of Gerald of Wales, in the story of the "Werewolves of Ossory". In this narrative, the male werewolf claims that a pair of people from his village are transformed into wolves every seven years due to a retributive curse placed upon them by Natalis.

A well in his memory still exists beside Kinawley Church, where the handle of his bell was preserved up to the 19th century. A Life of Naile dating from c.1520 is found in 'Miscellanea hagiographica Hibernica: vitae adhuc ineditae sanctorum Mac Creiche, Naile, Cranat'.

Natalis' feast day is 27 January.


title: Zabadinostat

abstract:
Zabadinostat is an experimental epigenetic drug being investigated as a potential treatment for advanced or metastatic cancers.
It is an orally available Class I selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 62 nM, 570 nM and 550 nM, against HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3, respectively. It shows no activity against HDAC class II.

text:
# Zabadinostat

**Zabadinostat** is an experimental epigenetic drug being investigated as a potential treatment for advanced or metastatic cancers. It is an orally available Class I selective histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, with half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 62 nM, 570 nM and 550 nM, against HDAC1, HDAC2 and HDAC3, respectively. It shows no activity against HDAC class II.

## Chemistry

The *ortho*-aminoanilide or benzamide group on zabadinostat sequesters the Zn2+ ion required for the hydrolysis and removal of the acetyl group from lysine residues, preventing substrate deacetylation. As such, zabadinostat is chemically distinct from earlier generations of less selective pan-HDAC inhibitors, such as vorinostat, belinostat and panobinostat, which bind Zn2+ ions through their hydroxamic acid groups.

## Research

Experiments in human and murine colorectal cancer cell lines showed that zabadinostat treatment resulted in changes to the expression of immune-relevant genes, in particular, those that are linked to antigen processing (MHC class I and MHC class II genes) and natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

Further experiments showed that zabadinostat treatment in mice altered their tumour microenvironment (TME), attracting CD4+ and CD8+ tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes, and enhancing anti-tumour activity, especially when combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA4.

In addition, mice immunized with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and treated with zabadinostat showed enhanced spike neutralising antibodies and an increased level of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, suggesting potential uses beyond cancer.

## Clinical studies

Zabadinostat is being investigated as a treatment for late-stage cancers, including relapsed or refractory lymphoma, microsatellite stable colorectal cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common form of liver cancer.

### Lymphoma

A Phase I clinical trial (NCT01977638) conducted in late-stage cancer patients unresponsive to conventional therapy found that zabadinostat treatment resulted in anti-cancer responses for follicular lymphoma (FL), classic Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). The most common Grade 3 and above treatment-related adverse events (TRAE) were neutropenia (17%), thrombocytopenia (11%) and leukopenia (5%). Serious adverse events (SAE) were infrequent, and included neutropenic fever (3%), fatigue (1.5%), anorexia (\<1%), diarrhea (\<1%), and bronchial infection (\<1%). No treatment-related deaths occurred on study. The recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) was found to be 20 mg twice daily (b.i.d.).

### Colorectal cancer

A single-arm Phase II clinical trial (NCT03993626) combining zabadinostat and nivolumab showed that it was effective in treating metastatic microsatellite-stable (MSS) colorectal cancer patients who had progressed despite receiving at least two lines of systemic anti-cancer therapies. The combination therapy was well tolerated with the most frequent Grade 3 or 4 adverse events being neutropenia (18%) and anemia (7%). Immune-related adverse reactions commonly ascribed to checkpoint inhibitors were surprisingly rare although single cases of pneumonitis, hypothyroidism and hypopituitarism were seen. There were also no treatment-related deaths. Of 46 patients assessable for efficacy, 4 (9%) achieved partial response and 18 (39%) achieved stable disease, translating to an immune disease control rate of 48%. The median overall survival (OS) was 7.0 months with a 95% confidence interval of 5.13–10.22 months. The study met its primary endpoint demonstrating anti-tumour efficacy in 3rd line and above MSS colorectal cancer.

### Liver cancer

In 2023, a randomized Phase II clinical trial (NCT05873244) will be conducted in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients that demonstrate resistance to immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment. Study patients will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either zabadinostat plus geptanolimab (experimental arm), or the best available standard treatment, lenvatinib or sorafenib (control arm). The primary endpoint will be progression-free survival (PFS).

## History

Zabadinostat was originally a chemical compound (codenamed AZD-9468) synthesized by AstraZeneca. Later, AstraZeneca entered into a License Agreement with Celleron Therapeutics, granting it exclusive worldwide rights to develop and commercialize AZD-9468. During its Phase I and early Phase II development, the compound was known as CXD101, until in 2022, when the World Health Organization (WHO) included the name zabadinostat in its official list of International Nonproprietary Names (INN) for Pharmaceutical Substances. Zabadinostat is now an asset of IngenOx Therapeutics, following its formation in January 2023 from the merger of Celleron Therapeutics and Argonaut Therapeutics.

## InfoBox

Zabadinostat
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-\[1-\[(1,3-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)methyl\]-4-piperidinyl\]-benzamide | |
| Other names CXD101, AZD-9468 | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| DrugBank |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| UNII |  |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C24H29N5O/c1-17-21(15-28(2)27-17)16-29-13-11-19(12-14-29)18-7-9-20(10-8-18)24(30)26-23-6-4-3-5-22(23)25/h3-10,15,19H,11-14,16,25H2,1-2H3,(H,26,30)Key: JHDZMASHNBKTPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |
| SMILES * CC1=NN(C=C1CN2CCC(CC2)C3=CC=C(C=C3)C(=O)NC4=CC=CC=C4N)C | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C24H29N5O |
| Molar mass | 403.530 g·mol−1 |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C \[77 °F\], 100 kPa).  Infobox references | |


title: Natalie Barratt

abstract: Natalie Barratt is a British racing driver. She has competed in the British Rally Championship and World Rally Championship. She took a break 2013 to focus on her family life. She returned in 2020 to take part in Projekt E, winning the inaugural championship.

text:
# Natalie Barratt

**Natalie Barratt** (born 6 March 1975) is a British racing driver. She has competed in the British Rally Championship and World Rally Championship. She took a break 2013 to focus on her family life (daughter Frances and son Magnus). She returned in 2020 to take part in Projekt E, winning the inaugural championship.

## Racing record

### Complete WRC results

| Year | Entrant | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | WDC | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1998 | Natalie Barratt | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo IV | MON | SWE | KEN | POR | ESP | FRA | ARG | GRC | NZL | FIN | ITA | AUS | GBR
38 |  |  |  | NC | 0 |
| 1999 | Natalie Barratt | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VI | MON | SWE
54 | KEN | POR | ESP | FRA | ARG | GRC | NZL | FIN | CHN | ITA | AUS | GBR
36 |  |  | NC | 0 |
| 2000 | Natalie Barratt | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VI | MON | SWE
DSQ | KEN | POR | ESP
38 | ARG | GRC | NZL | FIN
39 | CYP | FRA
33 | ITA |  | GBR
36 |  |  | NC | 0 |
| | Les Walkden Racing | | | Subaru Impreza 555 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | AUS
Ret |  |  |  |
| 2001 | Barratt Rallysport | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo V | MON
29 | SWE
Ret | POR
34 | ESP | ARG |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | NC | 0 |
| | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VI | | |  |  |  |  |  | CYP
21 | GRC
35 | KEN | FIN
57 | NZL
36 | ITA
Ret | FRA | AUS
36 | GBR
Ret |  |  |
| 2002 | Barratt Rallysport | Misubishi Lancer Evo VI | MON | SWE
51 | FRA |  | CYP
26 | ARG |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | NC | 0 |
| | Hyundai Accent WRC | | |  |  |  | ESP
Ret |  |  | GRC
Ret | KEN | FIN | GER | ITA | NZL
21 | AUS
Ret | GBR
22 |  |  |
| 2004 | Barratt Rallysport | MG ZR S1600 | MON
Ret | SWE | MEX |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | NC | 0 |
| | Renault Clio S1600 | | |  |  |  |  |  |  | TUR
Ret | ARG | FIN
34 | GER | JPN | GBR
Ret | ITA
23 | FRA | ESP
Ret | AUS |
| | Reece Jones Rallysport | | | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VIII |  |  |  | NZL
32 | CYP | GRC |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2005 | OMV World Rally Team | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VII | MON | SWE | MEX | NZL
37 | ITA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | NC | 0 |
| | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VIII | | |  |  |  |  |  | CYP
Ret | TUR
46 | GRC |  |  |  | GBR
41 | JPN
Ret | FRA | ESP | AUS
34 |
| | Barratt Rallysport | | | Subaru Impreza STi |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | ARG
Ret | FIN
30 | GER |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2006 | Barratt Rallysport | Subaru Impreza STi | MON | SWE | MEX | ESP | FRA | ARG | ITA | GRC | GER | FIN
32 | JPN | CYP | TUR | AUS |  |  | NC | 0 |
| | OMV CEE World Rally Team | | | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo IX |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | NZL
Ret | GBR |

### Complete JWRC results

| Year | Entrant | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | Pos. | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2004 | Risbridger Motorsport | MG ZR S1600 | MON
Ret |  |  |  |  |  |  | NC | 0 |
| | Renault Clio S1600 |  | GRE
Ret | TUR
Ret | FIN
10 | GBR
Ret | ITA
9 | | | ESP
Ret |

### Complete PWRC Results

| Year | Entrant | Car | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | Pos. | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2005 | OMV World Rally Team | Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution VII | SWE | NZL
12 |  |  |  |  | JPN
Ret | AUS
11 | 16th | 2 |
| | Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution VIII | | |  |  | CYP
Ret | TUR
15 | ARG |  |  |  |
| | Subaru Impreza WRX STI | | |  |  |  |  |  | GBR
7 |  |  |
| 2006 | OMV CEE World Rally Team | Mitsubishi Lancer Evo VIII | MON | MEX | ARG | GRE | JPN | CYP | AUS | NZL
Ret |  | 0 |

### Complete FIA World Rallycross Championship results

(key)

#### Projekt E Series

| Year | Entrant | Car | 1 | 2 | Pos. | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | Rallytechnology | Ford Fiesta | SWE
2 | LAT
4 | 1st | 35 |
|

## InfoBox

| Natalie Barratt | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | British |
| Born | (1975-03-06) 6 March 1975
Manchester, England |
|  | |
| Projekt E Series career | |
| Debut season | 2020 |
| Current team | Rallytechnology |
| Car number | 41 |
| Starts | 2 |
| Wins | 0 |
| Podiums | 1 |
| Best finish | 1st in 2020 |
| World Rally Championship record  Active years 1998 – 2002, 2004 – 2006  Co-driver  Stella Boyles
Elin Wolland
Joanne Lockwood
Roger Freeman
Paul Morris
Pauline Gullick
Trevor Agnew
Claire Parker
Chris Patterson
Michael Gibson
Carl Williamson
John Bennie
Kaj Lindström
Dale Moscatt  Teams Mitsubishi
Subaru
Hyundai
MG
Renault  Rallies 44  Championships 0  Rally wins 0  Podiums 0  Stage wins 0  Total points 0  First rally 1998 Rally GB  Last rally 2006 Rally New Zealand | |
|  | |


title: National Braille Association

abstract: The National Braille Association, Inc. (NBA) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in Rochester, New York. The association assists, educates, and certifies transcribers and narrators producing reading materials for the visually impaired, and provides braille materials to persons who are print handicapped at below cost. It is a member of the Braille Authority of North America.

text:
# National Braille Association

The **National Braille Association, Inc.** (NBA) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in Rochester, New York. The association assists, educates, and certifies transcribers and narrators producing reading materials for the visually impaired, and provides braille materials to persons who are print handicapped at below cost. It is a member of the Braille Authority of North America.

## History

The organization was founded in 1945 in New York City as the *National Braille Club*. At the time, there weren't many standards or direct guidelines for someone to follow while preparing braille. In an effort to standardize the process, the National Braille Club sought to provide training so that transcribers across the country were all providing similarly formatted materials.

In 1946 the organization began publishing the *Bulletin*, a quarterly peer-reviewed journal of skills articles intended to provide technical instruction to those transcribing braille.

In 1957 the National Braille Club began holding conferences where braille transcribers from around North America would collect in person and receive training. Since then the conferences have been adjusted slightly in format and frequency. In 2020 it was hosted using a virtual platform for the first time ever.

In 1964 the National Braille Club was renamed to the *National Braille Association*. Soon after, they would form the Braille Book Bank located in New Jersey. The book bank provided transcribed reading materials for readers all over the United States.

Later in the early 2000s, the book bank and transcription service were discontinued, as there were many transcribing groups and braille publishing houses around the country, but few training organizations. Rather than attempt to manage both efforts, NBA chose to focus exclusively on training.

## Services

### Professional development

Since 1957 the organization has been hosting in person conferences where braille transcribers attend trainings taught by experts from around North America. The frequency and format of the conferences has been adjusted over the years, but it has traditionally focused on providing classroom style training for transcribers on various topics. In recent decades, the conferences have primarily been either a three-day or two and a half day schedule, with workshop sessions in the mornings and afternoons.

Historically, conference attendance was only open to members, as some of the meal functions also serve as membership meetings. That rule was later adjusted and non-members are now invited to attend, though meal functions often still include membership votes like the installation of new officers to the board of directors.

In addition to providing trainings during Professional Development Conferences, trainers can be hired to travel directly to a site and provide customized education on an array of topics.

### Training publications

Some workshops from previous conferences have been redeveloped into standalone training manuals and are available in print, and ebook.

### Membership services

The organization is member-supported, with dues paying members primarily existing in the United States. There are some Canadian members and a few from other countries. Members gain access to educational tools like a peer-reviewed journal of skills articles, a technical support forum, an archive of training videos, and more.

### Braille formats and textbook certification

NBA is the only organization that certifies transcribers in the *Principles of Print to Braille Transcription* formats guidelines published by the Braille Authority of North America. The exam process consists of a transcriber taking a mini-textbook and transcribing it using the most recent Textbook/Formats guidelines.

### Lifetime Achievement Award

Since 2011 the National Braille Association has selected a single recipient each year to be awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award. Nominations for the award can be submitted by anyone who wishes to nominate a person they feel has made a significant contribution to braille through their work.

## InfoBox

National Braille Association
|
|  |
| Abbreviation | NBA |
| Formation | 1945 |
| Founded at | New York City, United States |
| Headquarters | Rochester, New York, United States |
| Parent organization | Braille Authority of North America |


title: Medicine Man (film)

abstract: Medicine Man is a 1992 American adventure drama film directed by John McTiernan. The film stars Sean Connery and Lorraine Bracco, and features an acclaimed score by veteran composer Jerry Goldsmith.

text:
# Medicine Man (film)

***Medicine Man*** is a 1992 American adventure drama film directed by John McTiernan. The film stars Sean Connery and Lorraine Bracco, and features an acclaimed score by veteran composer Jerry Goldsmith.

## Plot

The pharmaceutical company Aston Laboratories sends biochemist Dr. Rae Crane into the Amazonian rainforest to locate researcher Robert Campbell, after his wife (and research partner) abandons him. Crane is bringing equipment and supplies, but Campbell is upset the research partner is not forthcoming. He tries to send Crane home, but she demurs, as she has been assigned to determine whether Campbell's research deserves continued funding.

Campbell has found a "cure for cancer", but attempts to synthesize the compound have failed. With supplies of the successful serum running low, Campbell isolates a derivative of a species of flower from which the formula can be synthesized and with Crane's help is determined to find its source. Campbell earns the title "medicine man" of the village by giving a boy with a stomach ache Alka Seltzer, insulting the real medicine man and driving him deep into the forest. A logging company is building a road headed straight for the village, threatening to expose the native population to potentially lethal foreign pathogens, as has happened before. In fact, Campbell's wife left him because he could not forgive himself for the tragedy.

A small boy appears with malignant neoplasms and Campbell, Crane, the boy, and his father set out in search of Campbell's predecessor, a medicine man from whom Campbell once acquired his knowledge of flowers. Upon encountering Campbell's entourage, the medicine man flees in fear. Though he is reluctant to pursue the man further, Crane convinces him circumstances demand that he must. Campbell rescues Crane from a fall, then locates the medicine man, whom he is compelled to fight in order to heal the medicine man's wounded pride and gain further necessary information. Unfortunately, the medicine man reveals that the flowers have no "juju"—power to heal. Father and son agree to return another time. Back at the village, Crane initially refuses to allow Campbell to inoculate the boy with the last of the serum until more can be synthesized. But when the boy's condition worsens, she gives in and the boy is inoculated.

The next morning, the boy is better but the village is in tumult. The logging road is nearly finished. Campbell appeals to the company's workers to halt construction until he can conclude his research, but it refuses. In desperation and after new samples fail to contain the missing compound, Crane runs the chromatograph one more time and accidentally discovers that the source of the cure is not the flower but a species of rare ant indigenous to the rainforest. Campbell demands the construction stop. A fight results and a bulldozer catches fire, destroying the village and the research station along with many acres of rainforest.

The next day, Crane promises to send Campbell new equipment and the research assistant he'd originally requested. She is about to return home when she meets the medicine man. He symbolically passes on his mantle to Campbell. Crane accepts an invitation to continue working with Campbell in exchange for recognition for co-discovering the source of the compound.

## Cast

## Production

Tom Schulman's script was purchased for $2.5 million with a further $1 million spent on rewrites by Sally Robinson and Tom Stoppard.

Production started March 4, 1991 in the Mexican jungle near Catemaco and was completed in July. Connery and Bracco both complained of conditions on set.

## Soundtrack

| Medicine Man | |
| --- | --- |
| Film score by Jerry Goldsmith | |
| Released | February 4, 1994 |
| Recorded | 1994 |
| Genre | Soundtrack |
| Length | 50:09 |

The music for *Medicine Man* was composed and conducted by veteran composer Jerry Goldsmith. The score, a blend of orchestra, synthetic elements, and guitar solos, was praised by critics and is considered one of the film's strengths. The soundtrack was released February 4, 1994 through Varèse Sarabande and features fourteen tracks.

1. "Rae's Arrival" (5:06)
2. "First Morning" (3:46)
3. "Campbell and the Children" (1:57)
4. "The Trees" (6:01)
5. "The Harvest" (3:11)
6. "Mocara" (3:36)
7. "Mountain High" (2:41)
8. "Without a Net" (4:19)
9. "Finger Painting" (2:30)
10. "What's Wrong" (1:52)
11. "The Injection" (2:09)
12. "The Sugar" (2:08)
13. "The Fire" (2:10)
14. "A Meal and a Bath" (8:03)

## Reception

### Box office

The film premiered at the El Capitan Theatre in Los Angeles on February 5, 1992. It was released in 1,304 theatres on February 7, 1992.

The film debuted at number 1 at the US box office with $8.5 million. The following week it was knocked out of the top spot by *Wayne's World*. The film eventually grossed $45.5 million domestically, earning Disney $21 million, just half of its budget.

### Critical response

The film was panned by most critics, especially Bracco's performance. On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 17% rating based on 23 reviews. Audiences surveyed by CinemaScore gave the film a grade of "B+" on scale of A+ to F.

Roger Ebert of the *Chicago Sun-Times* gave it 1.5 out of 4 and wrote: "All of the elements are here for a movie I would probably enjoy very much, but somehow they never come together" and "If this had been some dumb adventure movie, it would probably have been terrific." Owen Gleiberman of *Entertainment Weekly* wrote "It's not every day you get to see a performance as bad as Lorraine Bracco's in Medicine Man" and Connery "doesn’t do much he hasn't done before". Gleiberman praised some moments where the film "becomes the dazzling true-life jungle saga it clearly wants to be" but is critical of the plot which he says is "built around some very tired devices" and "The race-against-the-clock structure is a flimsy conceit". He gave it a grade C+. *Variety* called it "An indelicate attempt to create some African Queen-style magic while curing cancer and saving the rainforests in the bargain, this jumbo-budget two-character piece suffers from a very weak script and a lethal job of miscasting."

About the film's lackluster performance, John McTiernan said: "It was a little art movie with Sean Connery that cost only $27 million. If the press hadn't defined it as an action movie, it probably wouldn't have been considered a disappointment."

Lorraine Bracco's performance in the film earned her a nomination for the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Actress.

## InfoBox

| Medicine Man | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | John McTiernan |
| Screenplay by | Tom Schulman
Sally Robinson |
| Story by | Tom Schulman |
| Produced by | Donna Dubrow
Andrew G. Vajna |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Donald McAlpine |
| Edited by | Mary Jo Markey
Michael R. Miller |
| Music by | Jerry Goldsmith |
| Production
companies | Hollywood Pictures
Cinergi Pictures |
| Distributed by | Buena Vista Pictures Distribution (North America/South America/Germany)
Cinergi Productions (International) |
| Release dates | * February 5, 1992 (1992-02-05) (El Capitan Theatre) * February 7, 1992 (1992-02-07) (United States) |
| Running time | 106 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |
| Budget | $40 million |
| Box office | $45 million |


title: Weyerhaeuser Real Estate Company

abstract: Weyerhaeuser Real Estate Company (WRECO) was a home construction and real-estate developer. WRECO was formed in 1969 as a subsidiary of Weyerhaeuser. It constructed homes under the names Quadrant Homes, Pardee Homes, Maracay Homes (Arizona), Trendmaker Homes, Avanti Custom Homes, Texas Casual Cottages (Texas), Winchester Homes, Camberley Homes, and Everson Homes. Weyerhaeuser Realty Investors (WRI) provided capital to other builders. In 2014, the company was acquired by Tri Pointe Homes.

text:
# Weyerhaeuser Real Estate Company

**Weyerhaeuser Real Estate Company** (**WRECO**) was a home construction and real-estate developer. WRECO was formed in 1969 as a subsidiary of Weyerhaeuser. It constructed homes under the names Quadrant Homes (greater Seattle and Puget Sound area), Pardee Homes (California and Nevada), Maracay Homes (Arizona), Trendmaker Homes, Avanti Custom Homes, Texas Casual Cottages (Texas), Winchester Homes, Camberley Homes, and Everson Homes (Maryland and Virginia). Weyerhaeuser Realty Investors (WRI) provided capital to other builders. In 2014, the company was acquired by Tri Pointe Homes.

## InfoBox

Weyerhaeuser Real Estate Company
|
|  |
| Company type | Subsidiary |
| Industry | Home construction<br>Real estate development |
| Founded | 1969 (1969) |
| Defunct | July 8, 2014 (2014-07-08) |
| Fate | Acquired by Tri Pointe Homes |
| Headquarters | Federal Way, Washington, U.S. |
| Parent | Weyerhaeuser |


title: San Francisquito Canyon

abstract: San Francisquito Canyon is a canyon created through erosion of the Sierra Pelona Mountains by the San Francisquito Creek, in Los Angeles County, Southern California.

text:
# San Francisquito Canyon

**San Francisquito Canyon** is a canyon created through erosion of the Sierra Pelona Mountains by the San Francisquito Creek, in Los Angeles County, Southern California.

## Geography

The canyon cuts through the Sierra Pelona Mountains, which are central part of the Transverse Ranges system of California. At the San Francisquito Canyon head is the San Francisquito Pass, which the early routes between Los Angeles and the San Joaquin Valley crossed. The canyon grows wider as it approaches the Santa Clarita Valley.

The middle and upper portions of this canyon fall within the Angeles National Forest.

## History

### Mining

San Francisquito Canyon was the site of placer mining for gold by Spanish missionaries from the San Fernando and San Buenaventura Missions, and later by Mexican Californios. Their activity stopped in 1848, when the gold discovery at Sutter's Mill started the California Gold Rush. Placer mining later occurred in the canyon into at least the late 19th century.

### St. Francis Dam

Between 1924 and 1926, the canyon was the site of the construction of the St. Francis Dam. The Los Angeles Department of Water and Power began filling a reservoir in the San Francisquito Canyon in 1926. At 11:57 pm on March 12, 1928, the dam catastrophically failed, and the resulting flood took the lives of at least 431 people. The collapse of the St. Francis Dam is considered to be one of the worst American civil engineering disasters of the 20th century and remains the second-greatest loss of life in California's history, after the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire. The ruins of this disaster can still be seen today.

### Roads

Since 1820, San Francisquito Canyon and San Francisquito Pass were part of the original route of the El Camino Viejo, an alternate land route to the El Camino Real for reaching northern Spanish and Mexican colonial Alta California. From 1854, the wagon route of the Stockton - Los Angeles Road followed its course as did the Butterfield Overland Mail in California from 1858 to 1861. This Tejon Pass Route and the Tehachapi or Midway Route (first followed by the Southern Pacific Railroad), remained the major north–south wagon and later automobile routes to the San Joaquin Valley until the construction of the more direct Ridge Route in 1915.

Today, a two-lane road named after the canyon itself connects Santa Clarita to the mountain communities of Green Valley and Elizabeth Lake. It roughly parallels the river's course between San Francisquito Pass and its southern terminus in the northern Santa Clarita Valley.

Media related to San Francisquito Canyon at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| San Francisquito Canyon | |
| --- | --- |
| Canyon | |
| San Francisquito Canyon is home to low-lying shrubs, dry grasses, and towering yucca that bloom during the spring. | |
| San Francisquito CanyonSan Francisquito Canyon | |
| Coordinates: 34°32′18″N 118°31′30″W / 34.53833°N 118.52500°W / 34.53833; -118.52500 | |
| Location | Los Angeles County, California, United States |
| Range | Sierra Pelona Mountains |
| Formed by | San Francisquito Creek |
| Dimensions | |
| Length | 19.5 mi (31.4 km) |
| Highest elevation | 3,655 feet (1,114 m) (San Francisquito Pass) |


title: Oscar Harris

abstract: Oscar Harris is a Surinamese singer. He was among the best known Surinamese musicians in the Netherlands during the 1970s and 1980s. Harris moved to Amsterdam to study architecture in 1963, and founded Oscar Harris and The Twinkle Stars, a ten-man vocal and instrumental group in 1965, which became known by playing at student gatherings in Amsterdam. In 1968 the group was signed to the artist roster of Omega Records and Blue Elephant, with a tour of South America in 1971. In 1974, Harris went solo with the single "Alta Gracia", commencing a series of hit-singles up to 1988. He had also recorded some hits in Indonesia, including "Sandy" and "Oh Tuhan". In 2015 TopNotch released a compilation CD in the Sranan Gowtu-series devoted to Surinamese artists, mainly from the 1970s.

text:
# Oscar Harris

**Oscar Harris** (born 30 November 1943) is a Surinamese singer. He was among the best known Surinamese musicians in the Netherlands during the 1970s and 1980s.

Harris moved to Amsterdam to study architecture in 1963, and founded Oscar Harris and The Twinkle Stars, a ten-man vocal and instrumental group in 1965, which became known by playing at student gatherings in Amsterdam. In 1968 the group was signed to the artist roster of Omega Records and Blue Elephant, with a tour of South America in 1971.

In 1974, Harris went solo with the single "Alta Gracia", commencing a series of hit-singles up to 1988. He had also recorded some hits in Indonesia, including "Sandy" and "Oh Tuhan".

In 2015 TopNotch released a compilation CD in the *Sranan Gowtu*-series (*Surinamese Gold*) devoted to Surinamese artists, mainly from the 1970s.

## Discography

* 1969 *Try a little love*
* 1969 *Soldiers prayer*
* 1974 *2*
* 1974 *A day will come*
* 1974 *Alta Gracia*
* 1975 *Sing your freedom song*
* 1977 *De beste*
* 1978 *One of a kind*
* 1980 *Song for the children*
* 1981 *Best*
* 1982 *It takes two*
* 1983 *Everybody loves somebody*
* 1984 *Take good care of her*
* 1987 *With lots of love*
* 1988 *Love for the world*
* 2004 *Salsa romantica*
* 2005 *Dutch rare groove*
* 2009 *Shalom Salam (i.s.m. Flower to the People)*
* 2010 *Song for Pakistan Faith Hope and Love (i.s.m. Flower to the People)*

## InfoBox

| Oscar Harris | |
| --- | --- |
| Harris in 1981 | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1943-11-30) 30 November 1943<br>Albina, Suriname |
| Genres | Pop, soul |
| Occupation | Singer |
| Instrument | Vocals |
| Years active | 1970–present |