title: Ham Tin

abstract: Ham Tin or Ham Tin Tsuen is a village facing Ham Tin Wan, one of the four main bays of Tai Long Wan, in the Sai Kung District of Hong Kong.

text:
# Ham Tin

**Ham Tin** (Chinese: 鹹田; lit. 'salty field') or **Ham Tin Tsuen** (鹹田村; 'Ham Tin Village') is a village facing Ham Tin Wan (鹹田灣; 'Salty Field Bay'), one of the four main bays of Tai Long Wan, in the Sai Kung District of Hong Kong.

## Geography

Ham Tin is located in eastern Sai Kung. The Ham Tin area is set in a rural landscape, surrounded by mountains, with one main river flowing directly into Ham Tin Wan.

There are four villages with over 200 years of history in Tai Long Wan including Tai Long Village, Lam Uk Wai, Cheung Uk Wai and Ham Tin Village. However, only Tai Long Village and Ham Tin Village still exist and the other two have been abandoned and became ruins.

## Administration

Tai Long, including Lam Uk and Ham Tin, are recognized villages under the New Territories Small House Policy.

## History

In the past, the people in Tai Long mainly relied on fishing and farming (e.g. rice and sugarcane) to earn a living. Lives were simple and tough; many of them walked 4 or 5 hours to Ngau Chi Wan in Kowloon in order to sell their crops and fish. Some of them transported timber to Shau Kei Wan and Aberdeen by boat and sold them in exchange for daily necessities. Today, Tai Long still does not have a ferry pier. Ham Tin Tsuen is believed to have a history of over 150 years. The village has been inhabited by the Wan clan for about 7 or 8 generations. The Wans moved from northern China and settled in Tai Nam Wu, Sai Kung, long time ago. About 150 years ago, three Wan brothers from Tai Nam Wu spread out and settled in different areas of the New Territories - one settled in Tai Po Tsai, another in Ho Chung, and the third one in Ham Tin Tsuen in Sai Kung. It is believed that the one who settled in Ham Tin Tsuen was the founding ancestor of the village. Many villagers have emigrated to Britain and there are only fewer than 10 villagers in total.

22°24′42″N 114°22′34″E / 22.411532°N 114.376068°E / 22.411532; 114.376068


title: Paul Dobberstein

abstract: Paul Matthias Dobberstein was a German American priest and architect. Dobberstein was born in Rosenfeld, Germany to Francis "Frank" Dobberstein and Julia Froehlich. Father Dobberstein was educated at the university of Deutsch-Krone in Germany and at the St. Francis Seminary, in St. Francis, Wisconsin. He was ordained on June 30, 1897. He raised a daughter who travelled to his parish on an orphan train. She is cited as his adopted daughter in the 1910 United States census.

text:
# Paul Dobberstein

**Paul Matthias Dobberstein** (September 21, 1872  July 24, 1954) was a German American priest and architect.

Dobberstein was born in Rosenfeld, Germany to Francis "Frank" Dobberstein and Julia Froehlich.

Father Dobberstein was educated at the university of Deutsch-Krone in Germany and at the St. Francis Seminary, in St. Francis, Wisconsin. He was ordained on June 30, 1897.

He raised a daughter who travelled to his parish on an orphan train. She is cited as his adopted daughter in the 1910 United States census.

## Grottoes

Father Dobberstein is most known for designing and building The Shrine of the Grotto of the Redemption, in West Bend, Iowa, in the Roman Catholic Diocese of Sioux City. This is actually a series of several connected grottoes. At the neighboring church of Saints Peter and Paul, he also created a fountain and, inside, a majestic nativity scene.

Other religious grottoes designed and built by Dobberstein include:

Father Dobberstein's works inspired Mathias Wernerus (who also attended St. Francis Seminary) to build the Dickeyville Grotto in Dickeyville, Wisconsin in 1930, thus starting the grotto building movement in America.

## Pastoral career

In addition to his prolific works of art and stone, he led a busy life as the pastor of Saints Peter and Paul in West Bend for more than 57 years. His signature appears on over a thousand baptism records from his time in the parish.

* *An Explanation of the Grotto of the Redemption*


title: Richard Toye

abstract: Richard John Toye is a British historian and academic. He is Professor of History at the University of Exeter. He was previously a Fellow and Director of Studies for History at Homerton College, University of Cambridge, from 2002 to 2007, and before that he taught at University of Manchester from 2000.

text:
# Richard Toye

**Richard John Toye** FRHistS (born 1973) is a British historian and academic. He is Professor of History at the University of Exeter. He was previously a Fellow and Director of Studies for History at Homerton College, University of Cambridge, from 2002 to 2007, and before that he taught at University of Manchester from 2000.

## Early life

Toye was born in 1973 in Cambridge, but subsequently moved to Swansea and then to Hove, Sussex. He took a BA in history and then an MPhil at the University of Birmingham. He was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree by the University of Cambridge in 1999. His doctoral thesis was titled "The Labour Party and the planned economy 1931-1951".

## Biography

His book *Lloyd George and Churchill: Rivals for Greatness* was the winner of the Times Higher Young Academic Author of the Year Award in 2007. It received widespread critical acclaim from a number of newspaper reviews for its "nuanced" approach. One of the judges, June Purvis, professor of women's and gender history at Portsmouth University, said:

> This is an extremely readable, lively book that explores the complex personal and political relationship between two great male politicians who helped to shape 20th-century Britain. The changing shades and hues of their relationship are documented in fascinating detail.

He has written extensively on Winston Churchill: his book *Churchill's Empire: The World that Made Him and the World He Made* was critically acclaimed. His most recent book on Churchill is *Winston Churchill: A Life in the News* in 2020. In late 2018, he appeared in the documentary *Churchill's mistress* discussing the fate of Dora, Lady Castlerosse broadcast on Yesterday television. He also spoke about Churchill's legacy on the occasion of his statue being defaced in London in 2020, and also on the changing relationship between Churchill and the media landscape in which he lived.

Toye has also written on Rhetoric and on the birth of modern Britain in the first major study of the post war Attlee government to be published since 1997.

At Exeter he specialises in teaching and researching Churchill and all aspects of party politics during the period of the Third British Empire. Commensurate with his role as a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society he was one of the signatories to a letter that strongly defended the Historical Association: government attempts to depoliticise the teaching profession have been largely unsuccessful.

## Books

### As sole author

### Co-written volumes

* with David Thackeray, *Age of Promises: Electoral Pledges in Twentieth Century Britain* (Oxford University Press, 2021).
* with Julia Gottlieb and Daniel Hucker, *The Munich Crisis, Politics and the People: International, Transnational and Comparative Perspectives (Cultural History in Modern War series)* (Manchester University Press, 2021).
* with David Thackeray, *Electoral Pledges in Britain Since 1918: The Politics of Promises* (Palgrave Macmillan, 2020).
* with Steven Fielding and Bill Schwarz, *The Churchill Myths* (Oxford University Press, 2020).
* with David Thackeray and Andrew Thompson, *Imagining Britain's Economic Future, c.1800–1975: Trade, Consumerism, and Global Markets* (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018).
* with John A. Hargreaves and Keith Laybourn, *Liberal Reform and Industrial Relations: J.H. Whitley (1866-1935), Halifax Radical and Speaker of the House of Commons (Routledge Studies in Modern British History series)* (Routledge, 2017).
* with Martin Thomas, *Arguing About Empire: Imperial Rhetoric in Britain and France, 1882-1956* (Oxford University Press, 2017).
* with Martin Thomas, *Rhetorics of Empire: Languages of Colonial Conflict after 1900 (Studies in Imperialism series)* (Manchester University Press, 2017).
* with Andrew Thorpe, *Parliament and Politics in the Age of Asquith and Lloyd George: The Diaries of Cecil Harmsworth MP, 1909–22 (Camden Fifth Series, Series Number 50)* (Royal Historical Society/Cambridge University Press, 2016).
* with Julie Gottlieb, *The Aftermath of Suffrage: Women, Gender, and Politics in Britain, 1918-1945* (Palgrave Macmillan, 2013).
* with Julie Gottlieb, *Making Reputations: Power, Persuasion and the Individual in Modern British Politics* (I.B. Tauris, 2005).
* with John Toye, *The UN and Global Political Economy: Trade, Finance and Development* (Indiana University Press, 2004)

## Academic publications

* "The Rhetorical Culture of the House of Commons after 1918", *History: The Journal of the Historical Association*, 99 (335), 270–298.
* "Keynes, Liberalism, and The Emancipation of the Mind", *The English Historical Review,* cev215-cev215.

## InfoBox

| ProfessorRichard ToyeFRHistS | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1973 (age 5051)
Cambridge, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Historian |
| Parent | John Toye |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater | University of Cambridge
University of Birmingham
University of Manchester |
| Thesis | *The Labour Party and the planned economy 1931-1951* (1999) |
| Doctoral advisor | Peter Clarke |
| Academic work | |
| Institutions | University of Exeter |
|  | |


title: Al Melcher

abstract: Alfred Amos Melcher was an American racing driver.

text:
# Al Melcher

**Alfred Amos Melcher** (September 3, 1884 – October 28, 1944) was an American racing driver.

## Racing career

Melcher competed in 18 AAA Championship Car races from 1919 to 1927. He competed nearly full-time on the board tracks in 1927 and made his only Indianapolis 500 start that year as well. He finished 12th in points with a best finish of 2nd on the 1.5-mile Atlantic City Speedway board oval.

## Motorsports career results

### Indianapolis 500 results

## InfoBox

| Al Melcher | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Alfred Amos Melcher
(1884-09-03)September 3, 1884
Dalton, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died | October 28, 1944(1944-10-28) (aged 60)
Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
|  | |
| Champ Car career | |
| 18 races run over 6 years | |
| Best finish | 12th (1927) |
| First race | 1919 Santa Monica Race
(Santa Monica) |
| Last race | 1927 75-mile Race (Rockingham Park) |
| Wins Podiums Poles  0 1 1 | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Markus Stangl

abstract: Markus Stangl was a German chess grandmaster and lawyer. He also wrote for the magazines Schach-Magazin 64 and Schach.

text:
# Markus Stangl

**Markus Stangl** (24 April 1969 – 1 November 2020) was a German chess grandmaster and lawyer. He also wrote for the magazines Schach-Magazin 64 and Schach.

## Career

In 1988 he received the title of International Master and in 1993 the title of Grandmaster. His reached his peak rating of 2565 in 1996.

In 1987 in Maßbach and 1989 in Würzburg, Stangl won notable Bavarian blitz titles. In 1989 in Tunja, Colombia, at the World Cup for under-20s, he finished eighth behind Alexei Shirov. In 1991 and 1992, he won the German individual blitz championship. In 1992 he shared first place in the Nettetal (with Paul van der Sterren), in 1993 shared first in group B in Brno (with Michael Bezold). For the German national team, he played in 1999 in Baden, Switzerland, at the Mitropa Cup on the second board.

In the German federal chess league he played for the first time in 1986 for Bayern Munich, the chess team, with whom he became German team champion in 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 and 1995, and in 1987, 1988, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 2011 German Blitzmannschaftsmeister, from 1995 to 1999 with SG Porz, with which he won the German team championship in 1996, 1998 and 1999 and in 1997 the German Blitzmannschafts championship. In the 1999/2000 season Stangl played at SK Passau, then until 2009 at TV Tegernsee, with whom he became German lightning team champion in 2004 and 2009. From 2009 to 2017 Stangl played again for FC Bayern Munich, with whom he played in the 1st Bundesliga in the 2009/10, 2014/15 and 2015/16 seasons. In Austria he played for SK Jenbach, the Austrian team champion in 2010, 2011, 2013 and 2020, in the Italian team championship for Vimar Scacchi Marostica. Stangl took part in the European Club Cup three times, in 1993 and 1994 with Bayern Munich and in 2006 with SK Jenbach. He campaigned for a restriction on foreigners in German club chess.

After early successes, Stangl postponed his chess career in favor of his professional career. For a while he was married to the chess player Anita Stangl, with whom he also worked in business.

## Death

Stangl died at the age of 51 after collapsing at home.

1. Markus Stangl: *Eine WM mit Hindernissen*. JugendSchach Ausgabe 7/89, S. 3–5 (Bericht, Tabellen und Partien)
2. "OlimpBase :: European Men's Chess Club Cup :: Markus Stangl". *www.olimpbase.org*. Retrieved 2021-02-13.
3. "Initiative zum Inländeranteil in der Bundesliga". *Schach Nachrichten* (in German). 2003-03-25. Retrieved 2021-02-13.
4. "GM Markus Stangl verstorben". *Schach Nachrichten* (in German). 2020-11-02. Retrieved 2021-02-13.
5. Anonym. "FC Bayern mourns Markus Stangl (✝51) - He collapsed in his house and died in the ambulance". *newsrnd.com*. Retrieved 2021-02-13.

## InfoBox

| Markus Stangl | |
| --- | --- |
| Markus Stangl | |
| Country | Germany |
| Born | (1969-04-24)24 April 1969 |
| Died | November 1, 2020(2020-11-01) (aged 51) |
| Title | Grandmaster |
| Peak rating | 2565 (January 1996) |


abstract: This is a list of properties and districts in Lincoln County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).           This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.

text:
# National Register of Historic Places listings in Lincoln County, Georgia

This is a list of properties and districts in Lincoln County, Georgia that are listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

*This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.*

## Current listings

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Amity School |  | September 21, 1993
(#93000933) | Clay Hill Rd. W of jct. with GA 43
33°40′34″N 82°29′48″W / 33.676111°N 82.496667°W / 33.676111; -82.496667 (Amity School) | Lincolnton |  |
| 2 | Chennault House |  | October 14, 1976
(#76000640) | NE of Danburg at jct. of GA 44 and GA 79
33°54′22″N 82°36′29″W / 33.906111°N 82.608056°W / 33.906111; -82.608056 (Chennault House) | Danburg |  |
| 3 | Double Branches Historic District |  | September 21, 1993
(#93000934) | Double Branches Rd. SE of jct. with main GA 220
33°44′39″N 82°19′14″W / 33.744167°N 82.320556°W / 33.744167; -82.320556 (Double Branches Historic District) | Lincolnton |  |
| 4 | Lamar-Blanchard House |  | September 30, 1982
(#82002450) | N. Washington and Ward Sts.
33°47′34″N 82°28′46″W / 33.792778°N 82.479444°W / 33.792778; -82.479444 (Lamar-Blanchard House) | Lincolnton |  |
| 5 | Lincoln County Courthouse |  | September 18, 1980
(#80001106) | Courthouse Sq.
33°47′40″N 82°28′33″W / 33.794444°N 82.475833°W / 33.794444; -82.475833 (Lincoln County Courthouse) | Lincolnton |  |
| 6 | Lincolnton Historic District |  | September 21, 1993
(#93000932) | Roughly, along Washington, Peachtree, Goshen and Elm Sts.
33°47′29″N 82°28′38″W / 33.791389°N 82.477222°W / 33.791389; -82.477222 (Lincolnton Historic District) | Lincolnton |  |
| 7 | Lincolnton Presbyterian Church and Cemetery |  | August 26, 1982
(#82002451) | N. Washington St.
33°47′25″N 82°28′50″W / 33.790278°N 82.480556°W / 33.790278; -82.480556 (Lincolnton Presbyterian Church and Cemetery) | Lincolnton |  |
| 8 | Matthews House |  | October 14, 1976
(#76000641) | NE of Danburg on GA 79
33°54′16″N 82°35′43″W / 33.904444°N 82.595278°W / 33.904444; -82.595278 (Matthews House) | Danburg |  |
| 9 | Simmons-Cullars House |  | December 9, 1999
(#99001473) | Jct. GA 79 and Co. Rd. 25
33°51′48″N 82°30′24″W / 33.863333°N 82.506667°W / 33.863333; -82.506667 (Simmons-Cullars House) | Lincolnton |  |
| 10 | Woodlawn Historic District |  | September 21, 1993
(#93000935) | Jct. of Salem Church and Woodlawn-Amity Rds.
33°42′20″N 82°26′54″W / 33.705556°N 82.448333°W / 33.705556; -82.448333 (Woodlawn Historic District) | Lincolnton |  |


title: Mizuno Katsushige

abstract: Mizuno Katsunari (1564–1651), also known as Mizuno Rokuzaemon, was a Rōnin, and a Japanese samurai daimyō of the late Sengoku and early Edo periods. Mizuno Katsushige was known for his participations in battles against Takeda clan, Tenshō-Jingo War, Kyūshū campaign Battle of Komaki and Nagakute, Battle of Sekigahara, Siege of Osaka, and Shimabara Rebellion. During his life, Katsunari often changed his allegiance. However, in the end he returned to serve his original lord, Tokugawa Ieyasu, and continued his service to the Tokugawa shogunate for 3 generations until Tokugawa Iemitsu. Katsunari tendency to change his allegiance quite often has garnered him a nickname Rin kai fuki (倫魁不羈), which etymologically means "too awesome to serve (only) one lord". Katsunari died on May 4, 1651. His court title was Koretō Hyūga no Kami (惟任日向守). It was said that since Akechi Mitsuhide, no one want the title of Hyūga no Kami until Katsunari, as Katsunari stated that he does not care about Mitsuhide's bad reputation as traitor and not afraid about bad omen of the title. Since then, Katsunari got a nickname Hyūga Demon (鬼日向). Katsunari's tales of journeys during his life and for his friendship with the legendary Rōnin Miyamoto Musashi has produced many anecdotes about him.

text:
# Mizuno Katsushige

**Mizuno Katsunari** (水野 勝成) (1564–1651), also known as **Mizuno Rokuzaemon** (水野 六左衛門), was a Rōnin, and a Japanese samurai *daimyō* of the late Sengoku and early Edo periods. Mizuno Katsushige was known for his participations in battles against Takeda clan, Tenshō-Jingo War, Kyūshū campaign Battle of Komaki and Nagakute, Battle of Sekigahara, Siege of Osaka, and Shimabara Rebellion.

During his life, Katsunari often changed his allegiance. However, in the end he returned to serve his original lord, Tokugawa Ieyasu, and continued his service to the Tokugawa shogunate for 3 generations until Tokugawa Iemitsu. Katsunari tendency to change his allegiance quite often has garnered him a nickname **Rin kai fuki** (倫魁不羈), which etymologically means *"too awesome to serve (only) one lord"*. Katsunari died on May 4, 1651.

His court title was **Koretō Hyūga no Kami** (惟任日向守). It was said that since Akechi Mitsuhide, no one want the title of Hyūga no Kami until Katsunari, as Katsunari stated that he does not care about Mitsuhide's bad reputation as traitor and not afraid about bad omen of the title. Since then, Katsunari got a nickname **Hyūga Demon** (鬼日向). Katsunari's tales of journeys during his life and for his friendship with the legendary Rōnin Miyamoto Musashi has produced many anecdotes about him.

## Early life

Born as a son of Mizuno Tadashige.

### Early battles

His first battle was in the 7th year of Tensho ( 1579 ), when he still 15 years old. when he followed Tadashige to attack Takatenjin Castle in Totomi, but due to Katsuyori Takeda 's retreat, the battle did not take place.

In 1580, his father Tadashige was appointed by Oda Nobunaga and became the daimyo of Kariya. In 1581, Katsunari participated in the siege of Takatenjin once again, where the Tokugawa forces manage to sudue this castle. Yuki city historical record wrote that following the capture of Tenjin Castle, Katsunari personally received a letter of commendation from Oda Nobunaga for his military exploits in this battle.

In 1582, Katsunari participated in the Tenshō-Jingo War, on the side of Tokugawa. During this conflict, at the battle of Wakamiko, Katsunari was wounded. Later, Hōjō Ujitada trying to attack the Tokugawa army position by leading a detachment to the rear of the latter's position. Then Torii Mototada lead 2,000 soldiers in raid operation to repel the 10,000 Hōjō army attempt to flank the Tokugawa army position. Katsunari participated in this assault together with colleague Yasusada Miyake. Hōjō Ujikatsu saw this and went to Ujitada's rescue, but Katsunari and Miyake manage to repel Ujikatsu's reinforcements. Katsunari charging his horse without pause, while being aided by Sakakibara Yasumasa and Okabe Nagamori, until the enemy forces retreated. Despite some quarrel with Mototada as he viewed Katsunari being reckless and not following order, Katsunari were praised for his outstanding performance and received some rewards. Due to this setback, Hōjō army failed to launch attack on Tokugawa army's rear.

On October 29, during the peace negotiation between Tokugawa clan with the Hojo clan, Ieyasu decided that hostages were unnecessary and sent Katsunari, Mototada Torii, and Yasumasa Sakakibara to escort the supposed hostage from the Hōjō clan to return from Misaka Castle.

### Komaki-Nagakute campaign

In 1584, Katsunari participated along with his father in the conflict between Tokugawa against Toyotomi Hideyoshi in Komaki-Nagakute. Katsunari were tasked to assist his father and Ishikawa Kazumasa in the siege of the Hoshizaki Castle which defended by Okada Yoshiatsu. In this operation Katsunari stormed the castle and capturing it. Shortly after, Katsunari moved from mount Komaki, to Obata Castle, where he and his father rendezvous with Sakai Tadatsugu, Sakakibara Yasumasa, Osuga Yasutaka, Honda Yasushige, and others to strike Toyotomi Hidetsugu army. During this moment, he was berated by Tadashige for not wearing helmet, as Katsunari argues that he had ailment on his eyes which forcing him to bandage his head and preventing him to wear helmet. Later, during the main engagement in Nagakute, Katsunari and his father leading reinforcement troops along with Okabe Nagamori, and Niwa Ujitsugu with 5,300 soldiers to assist Ieyasu's force at Obata castle, where they manage to crush Hidetsugu's forces together with Osuga Yasutaka and Yasumasa. Later, Katsunari took action in ambushing the camp of Toyotomi general named Shirae Narisada who did not expect the attack, and personally presented many heads of the enemy he slain to Ieyasu. Later, while Ii Naomasa's army clashing against the army of Mori Nagayoshi, where he charged impetuously to intercept Mori Nagayoshi. sharing the glory of the victory with Naomasa after the end of campaign. However, Mizuno Tadayoshi rather annoyed with his son's conduct of disobeying the central command and took the initiative independently by attacking the enemy before being commanded, thus prompting Tadayoshi to further criticize Katsunari.

Several months later, Katsunari also participated the Siege of Kanie Castle, where he joined the ranks of Ieyasu's Hatamoto retainers in blockading the port of the castle, and hijacked two ships belongs to Kuki Yoshitaka. During this siege, Katsunari was recorded to fight in one-on-one combat against Takigawa Sankurō, son of Takigawa Kazumasu. Although both of them were injured, but no one died in this duel as both retreated safely. Katsunari units also manage other achieve good performance here, including one which Hattori Yasuhide(Hattori Hanzō's nephew), who at that time served under Katsunari, has participated.and achieved military exploits.

Later, Katsunari followed the Tokugawa operations in Kuwana, Mie, in Ise Province, against Nobuo Oda who now making peace with Toyotomi Hideyoshi. However, during this time Katsunari committed a huge crime by murdering his father's vassal who reported Katsunari's misconduct. Tadashige, who has lost his patience in dealing with his son's unruly behavior, immediately disown and disinherit Katsunari from the Mizuno clan.

## Wandering years

After being disowned by his own father, he moved around with relatives from town to town Mino, Owari, and finally went to Kyoto. In Kyoto, he strode around without any attendants, sleeping at the temple gate of Nanzen-ji Temple, and when he went out into town, interacted with many outlaws. Katsunari also reported to have a big fight and killed many people in Shimizu.

### Serving Oda Nobukatsu

On March 27, 1585, Katsunari entered service of Oda Nobukatsu, who now on good terms with Hideyoshi. Katsunari participated in the Conquest of Kishu, particularly in the subjugation of Saika Ikki rebellion. Later, Katsunari participated in the Invasion of Shikoku which held in the same year, as he served under the command of Sengoku Hidehisa, who appoint Katsunari a control of Domain with 728 Koku. However, soon Katsunari going renegade again by abandoned his post and fled to Chūgoku region, It was said that during this period, Katsunari had a quarrel with one of his lord's vassal and ended killing him in the ensuing fight. Thus this accident prompting Katsunari to escape and became fugitive, as Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who become angry for this incident, sent an executioner to kill Katsunari. From then on, Katsunari adopted a pseudonym name "Rokuzaemon" to escape justice.

### Serving Sassa Narimasa

In 1587, Katsunari changed entered the service under a daimyo of Higo Province, Sassa Narimasa, where he awarded a control of domain with 1,000 koku. Katsunari followed participated in the suppression of Kumabe Chikanaga rebellion. that Katsunari spearheading the attack towards Kikuchi Castle and also participated as a relief force to the Kumamoto Castle to repel the rebel's siege. It was said that in during this operation to save Kumamoto castle, Katsunari once competing in military merit with Awa Narutonosuke, one of Narimasa's most famous vassal who are listed in the later era period as member of semi-mythical legendary warriors group known as "Ten Braves of Amago". Here, Katsunari worked in cooperation with the Tachibana clan commanders such as Tachibana Muneshige, Totoki Tsuresada, and Yasuda Kunitsugu to relieve the cadtle from rebel's threat and he personally slay the rebel general named Kumabe Chikayasu together with his son.

During his time serving Narimasa, Katsunari also accepted Ibara Tomomasa, a former Ii Naomasa vassal who also run away from his lord due to troubles, into his rank. Later, in 1588, Katsunari would mediate the reconciliation of Tomomasa with Naomasa, so he returned to the service of Ii clan. However, later Sassa Narimasa was executed as he was blamed for Kumabe Chikanaga rebellion's outbreak. Later in the same year, prompting Katsunari to enter the service of Kuroda Yoshitaka and participated in the Kyūshū Campaign.

### Aftermath of servitude to Narimasa

Later, Katsunari once again changing his allegiance of service to Katō Kiyomasa, then changed again to serve Konishi Yukinaga.

In 1589, Katsunari was appointed to control domain of 1,000 under Yukinaga, Then he participated in the suppression of five Christian clans of Amakusa (not the 1637 Christians Shimabara Rebellion), where he served under the command of Yukinaga who brought 6,500 soldiers. with reinforcements from Katō Kiyomasa, He captured Shiki Castle, the stronghold of Shiki clan of Shimabara, and also captured Hondo Castle which defendede by Amakusa Tanemoto. After that, Katsunari left Yukinaga's rank and temporarily serving Kiyomasa and then later Muneshige Tachibana. However, the tenure of Katsunari's service under those two were short, before he changed his allegiance again.

On the aftermath of his service under Muneshige, Katsunari life was obscured with various legendary tales without veracity. The only light during his journey was when he started serving as a guest of Mimura Chikanari, a Mōri clan's vassal in 1594. During his stay here it was recorded that he was betrothed to a woman who later gave birth to Katsunari's son, Mizuno Katsutoshi, who will inherit the Mizuno clan in the future.

## Return to serve the Tokugawa clan

In 1599, Katsunari returned to Tokugawa service, as he reconciled with his father and Ieyasu Tokugawa. At this time, Katsunari was given him domain worth of approximately 10,000 koku worth. On April 22 of the same year, Katsunari's younger sister, Kanahime (later known as Seijoin), became Ieyasu's adopted daughter and married to Katō Kiyomasa. In 1600, Katsunari participated in Eastern army during Sekigahara Campaign and being entrusted to lead the army of Mino Province to the campaign of Aizu. However, on July 18, Tadashige was murdered by Kaganoi Shigemochi, an ally of Mitsunari. Then Katsunari were appointed to inherit the position of his father as the head of Mizuno clan. Katsunari, who became the head of the Mizuno family, returned to Kariya castle due to the cancellation of the Aizu conquest and went to the Battle of Sekigahara.

As the armed confrontations between the Eastern army and the Western army started, Katsunari was tasked in command of Sone castle under the command of Ii clan and Honda clan under Ii Naomasa and Honda Tadakatsu to suppress the enemy in Ogaki. However, as there are detachments of Western army approaching Gifu Castle, were tasked to take their forces to Gifu, while leaving the command of Sone castle to the Katsunari while he also ordered to strengthen the castle defense. On September 13, Shimazu Yoshihiro led his soldiers to besiege Sone Castle and bombarding Sone castle with their artilleries. in response Naomasa and Tadakatsu implored Katsunari to repulse the Shimazu forces why they are leaving. In response, Katsunari goes out with sallying force with his younger brother, Mizuno Tadatane, to defend Sone Castle. Katsunari ordered his artilleries to return fire at the turret of the Shimazu artilleries, then he lead his army storming the Shimazu position and manage to overcome the Shimazu clan's army, causing Yoshihiro to retreat and abandon the siege against Sone castle. After he beat the Shimazu forces, Katsunari returned to Ieyasu to ask permission to participate on the Sekigahara main battle which planned in the next day. Ieyasu instead ordered Katsunari to guard Sone castle and keep an eyes on Ogaki castle which located nearby and being controlled by Western army loyal to Mitsunari.

In response, Katsunari then brought his troops at midnight to surround Ogaki castle and clashed with a Western army from Ogaki castle which led by Fukuhara Nagataka. Nagataka then surrender and captured. Katsunari then continues by burning the wall and outer citadels of the Ogaki castle. As Katsunari burned the outer citadels of Ogaki castle, the Western army nearby that area, including the Shimazu clan who has just beaten by Katsunari's army, decided to abort their plan to go into as they thought the Ogaki castle could not be saved. Then Yoshihiro decided to retreat into Ise Province.

After the victory of Tokugawa army in the main battle of Sekigahara, Katsunari immediately persuade the defender of Ogaki castle, Akizuki Tanenaga, to surrender, which immediately accepted. Katsunari entered Ogaki castle and immediately wrote a letter to Ii Naomasa to give pardon to Tanenaga, which accepted by Ieyasu. he also seized the Hyūga Masamune blade belongs to Ishida Mitsunari, However, Katsunari found that one of the castle attendant was Kaganoi Yahachiro, son of Kaganoi Shigemochi. Katsunari immediately execute Yahachiro to avenge his father who has been murdered by Shigemochi, This caused the extinction of the Kaganoi clan.

In December 1608, It was reported that Katsunari met with Miyamoto Musashi. Musashi taught Katsunari the secret techniques of his swordstyle.

### Campaign against Toyotomi Hideyori

In 1614, Katsunari participated during the Tokugawa forces Siege of Osaka against Toyotomi Hideyori. It was believed that Miyamoto Musashi fought on this battle under his banner, and become one of Katsunari's son mounted bodyguard. Furthermore, Musashi's adopted son, Miyamoto Mikinosuke, also served under Katsunari.

On December 20, peace was established between Tokugawa and Toyotomi. As the reclamation of the moat became a condition for peace, Katsunari also became involved in the reclamation of the moat at Aoyaguchi, northeast of Osaka Castle. After that, he served as the guard at the Kuromonguchi (Sakuramon) gate of Osaka Castle, and returned to Kariya in February.

In 1615, conflict against Hideyori broke again. Katsunari participated this summer phase of Osaka siege, he was appointed as the first commander in chief of the Yamatoguchi area (Yamato area army). Katsunari was given strict order to not initiate the assault towards the castle. Then he mobilize his troops from Kyoto to Nara city, where he met an enemy forces led by Ōno Harufusa who were on their march to attack Koriyama castle at Nara. However, Harufusa army immediately disengage and retreat after they saw Katsunari forces. After he arrived in Nara, Katsunari rendezvoused his army with Honda Tadamasa Matsudaira Tadaaki, Date Masamune, Matsudaira Tadateru, and others. On May 4, Katsunari was called by Shogun Tokugawa Hidetada and went to Fushimi, where he received an award of 50 gold pieces for his efforts in preventing the enemy from attack city Nara. Later, Katsunari taking his army of 3,800 soldiers south through the night, and on the May 5, He set out with Hori Naoyori, Matsukura Shigemasa, Bessho Magojiro, Okuda Tadatsugu, Niwa Ujinobu, Nakayama Terumori, Murase Shigeharu, and others, and arrived at Kokubu at 4 p.m. to camp.

On the May 6, Katsunari fought against Gotō Mototsugu, his former colleague when still serving Kuroda clan, in the Battle of Dōmyōji. According to *"Hyuga no kami memorandum"* record, Katsunari disregard Ieyasu's order to not engage the enemy first and charging his forces towards Mototsugu position, practically eliminating Mototsugu's entire army. He then advanced further with his troops to Honda Village, where he clashed against another Toyotomi general named Watanabe Tadasu, and where he fatally injured Tadasu. Another prominent Toyotomi general named Susukida Kanesuke also fallen by Katsunari's troops. Katsunari then further pursuing the enemies and catch up against Usuda Kanesao, who were killed by one of Katsunari's lieutenant. As he pursue further, he met up with the rear guard of the Toyotomi army, led by Sanada Yukimura, Mōri Katsunaga, Akashi Takenori, and Ōno Harunaga. At this point, Katsunari asked Date Masamune repeatedly to keep pursuing the enemies, which rejected by Masamune as he stated lacks of ammunition and the casualties mounted so far.

In the final engagement against the Toyotomi forces on the Battle of Tennōji, when Yukimura lost his momentum of suicidal charge in an attempt to kill Ieyasu, Katsunari attacked Sanada's troop with about 600 men from the west of Shoai-in Temple. Sanada's corps, attacked from three sides, was finally destroyed. Otani Yoshiharu, a lieutenant of Yukimura, was killed by Katsunari's troops during the mop up operation. Katsunari planned his war banner at Sakura gate.

### After the siege of Osaka

For his effort in the war against Toyotomi Hideyori, Katsunari's domain of Kariya were increased from 30,000 koku into 60,000 koku. Katsunari were initially expected to receive domain increase to at least 200,000 koku. However, Ieyasu was furious and instead only give him the increase of 30,000 koku, since Katsunari already disobeyed Ieyasu's order twice during the war. After Katsunari protested this treatment, Hidetada, son of Ieyasu and de facto shogun, trying to calm him down and promised him another 100,000 koku increase after Ieyasu's death. Katsunari were calmed and Hidetaa indeed fulfil his promise to brought 100,000 after his father's death.

Later in the same year, the shogunate moved his fief from Kariya Domain in Mikawa Province to Kōriyama Domain in Yamato Province (60,000 *koku*); then in 1619, when Fukushima Masanori was stripped from his domain, Katsunari received 40,000 koku increase from Masanori's domain, bringing his total domain possession into 100,000 koku. Meanwhile, his original domain was transferred into Fukuyama Domain in Bingo Province (100,000 *koku*). On August, When Katsunari entered this area, he planned to build a new castle on a small hill on Jokoji because the existing Kannabe Castle was small and inconvenient. Furthermore, Katsunari learned Kannabe Castle has been captured in battles three times historically, which also became his reason to relocate the center of the domain to Mount. Jokoji, where the new castle was named Fukuyama castle.

In 1620, the construction of Fukuyama castle began, and its structures was done in 1625, although it was not fully completed until 13 years later. It was reported the peoples of Fukuyawa were satisfied with Katsunari rule in their domain. The reason of this castle being built was Katsunari were expected to become a bulwark on the Sanyōdō highway against possible rebellion by the powerful *tozama daimyō* of western Japan, such as the Mōri clan. Mizuno found that Kannabe Castle was located in a narrow mountain valley and was inconvenient both to manage his domain and to defend against attack, some received a special exception from the shogunate's "one domain - one castle" rule to build a new castle and castle town on reclaimed land. Later, Katsunari built Matsumoto Castle with special permission from the Shogun, while Fukuyama Castle also in its construction progress.

In 1622, Construction of the Fukuyama castle was completed. Furthermore, as Katsunari observed around the Fukuyama domain, he found that Hashirajima island was located off the coast of Tomonoura, an important port in the domain, and therefore it was necessary to build a defense base. If the traffic of ships in the area increased, it would be a perfect place to wait for the wind and tide, but it was uninhabited. So, Katsunari mobilize groups of volunteer settlers to build the infrastructures and inhabit the island, with the condition special privilege for those settlers of no tax obligation for them. Then, the clan of Murakami Tarobei Yoshimitsu of Tsuneishi, Numakuma County, volunteered. Katsunari then agree and granted Yoshimitsu all rights to govern the islands autonomously, including agriculture and fishing. After being appointed to control Fukuyama Domain by the Tokugawa shogunate, Katsunari employed many former daimyo and jobless samurai who has been disenfranchised after the war, including Mimura Chikanari, his another former lord who once hosted Katsunari during his wandering years from 1584 to 1598.

In 1626, Mizuno Katsunari accompanied the third Shogun, Iemitsu, to Kyoto, and was promoted to the fourth rank and was granted an additional 1,000 koku of land in Atsugi Village, Aiko district, Sagami Province.

In 1638, After the completion of Fukuyama Castle and the initial castle town, Katsunari were forced to suspend land reclamation project in Fukuyama as there is a rebellion broke out in Shimabara, Nagasaki. Katsunari was ordered by the shogunate to lead his troops to put down the Shimabara Rebellion in Kyushu. It was reported that Katsunari brought 430 cavalry and 6,333 infantry for this campaign. Musashi allegedly also participated in this suppression of Christian rebels. In "*Munekyu (Katsunari)-sama's Story*" record, which is a collection of things that Katsunari Mizuno said after his retirement in 1639, there is a story about Mizuno's army during the Shimabara Rebellion, where a man named Miyamoto Musashi entered the camp of general Ogasawara Nagatsugu, and Musashi has said, "*Last year, (Mizuno Katsunari) Hyuga-no-Kamidono's family had this, and his army was well known and he had no plans.*" Musashi further continues by saying, "*He is a great general that no one can match."*. Regarding the operation, It is recorded the army of Katsunari tasked as vanguard and now led by his son, Katsutoshi. However, during a clash, the army of Mizuno clan were suffered more than 100 soldier casualties. According to historian Hirai Takato, this was the only recorded battle where the army of Katsunari suffered more than 100 losses. On the final phase of this rebellion, After Itakura Shigemasa at the hand of the rebels was killed in battle during the Shimabara Rebellion, his son, Itakura Shigenori led an all-out attack immediately afterwards as a battle to avenge his father's death. Katsunari praised Shigenori's military achievements and sent him a scepter as recognition of his bravery.

After the rebellion in Shimabara was pacified, Katsunari was then retired from the Mizuno clan's position to his successor, and decided to focus his works on the land reclamation project which suspended before the war. Up until 1637, and show that the agricultural policies implemented by Katsunari were inherited by the Mizuno domain and achieved great results. Since Katsunari's construction of the castle town of Fukuyama, the domain's development and reclamation had consistently covered all costs, reducing the burden on farmers and townspeople, and giving land to settlers free of charge.

In 1645, Katsunari completed the Hattori Pond which store water flowing from the Hattori River. Katsunari improved these waterways and embankments to turn the land into good rice fields.

in 1646, Katsunari also built the Senken embankment connecting Mount Fukatsu Ojiyama to Mount Kajishima.

In 1651, he died at Fukuyama Castle at the age of 88. His remains were interred at Kenchu-ji, the Mizuno family temple near Fukuyama Castle.

The line of his direct descendants ended in 1698. In 1919, Katsunari was posthumously elevated to the lower third rank of the Imperial Court.

## Personal Info

There are some quote which attributed to Mizuno Katsunari

Mizuno Katsunari was considered as one of Fudai daimyō. He also said to be a master of dual wield sword fighting martial art.

Being violent and murderous during his youth, Katsunari were compared to his friend, the legendary swordsmen Miyamoto Musashi, in term of temperament. Musashi himself also reportedly praised Katsunari as "great general" during the suppression of Shimabara rebellion. It was theorized that he and Musashi were somewhat related through Mizuno Tadashige, his father. Mikinosuke, Musashi's adopted son, was the grandson of Katsunari's military prefect.

On the aftermath of Sekigahara battle, when Ishida Mitsunari, Konishi Yukinaga, and Ankokuji Ekei was caught, and being paraded around Osaka and Sakai before executed, Katsunari covered Yukinaga, his former lord, with straw hat to shield Yukinaga's head from the heatstroke. It was suggested by the author who recorded the occasion that it was a gesture of Katsunari's gratitude towards Yukinaga, who has sheltered him during Katsunari's wandering year.

An eccentric figure with colorful personality, Mizuno Katsunari also hosted Kabuki troupe in Kyoto at 1608, and taking one of the performer as concubine. He also reportedly liked Noh theater.

## Legacy

In the Edo period painting, Katsunari was depicted as one of the Tokugawa 28 generals (*Tokugawa nijūhachishinshōjin*).

In modern time, the Dō (armour) set of Mizuno Katsunari were preserved in Kariya city history museum. Its Kabuto helmet is a ledge -shaped helmet, a wider part of the head, planted with a horse's kasuma on a head bowl on a headquarters connected with five iron pieces. The forehead, which is layered by layered ears and large wrinkles, is painted with flesh -colored lacquer, imitating an old soldier with a hundred battles. Comes with a face cheek with a beard. The second set of armour which belonged to Katsunari were preserved in Fukuyama Castle museum. The Kabuto helmet of this armour set has unusual shape called a karagata helmet planted with bears on the surface which was said aimed to intimidate the enemy. A decoration called a lion's bite that expresses the lion is biting the teeth is attached. In addition, the whole is finished with tea lacquered, combined with the bear's hair to create a terrible atmosphere. On the left side is a trace shot with a gun, and it can be said that it is an armor that conveys the heroic heroism of the battlefield that runs around the battlefield. This armor was belong to the Mizuno clan which Donated to Kendaji Temple by the them in 1964.

In 2014, on May, The Mito Prefectural History Museum in Midori-cho, Mito City is holding a thematic exhibition which covered the history of the rule of Mizuno clan of the city. One of document which exhibited was a letter with a signature from Toyotomi Hideyoshi for Katsunari.

As first lord of Kariya domain, modern time Kariya city celebrated Katsunari as folk hero and commemorated annual festival in tribute of him.

## Appendix

### Footnotes

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65. William de Lange (2019). *The Siege of Osaka Castle*. William de Lange. Retrieved 26 May 2024.
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68. Kariya History Museum (2019). "初代刈谷藩主水野勝成展: 「鬼日向」のいくさとまちづくり: 開館記念企画展" \[Exhibition of Katsunari Mizuno, the first lord of the Kariya domain: The life and town development of “Oni Hyuga”: Special exhibition commemorating the opening of the museum\]. *(No Title)* (in Japanese). Kariya City History Museum. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
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74. Kohei Kamata (2018). "近世初・前期の七日市藩と加賀藩: 前田利孝・利意を中心として" \[近世初・前期の七日市藩と加賀藩: 前田利孝・利意を中心として\]. *加賀藩研究 = The journal of Kaga Domain research: 加賀藩研究ネットワーク会誌 / 加賀藩研究編集委員会 編* (in Japanese). Kaga Clan Research Network Journal / Edited by Kaga Clan Research Editorial Committee: 3. Retrieved 20 May 2024.
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77. "備後国福山藩水野氏" \[Mizuno Clan of Fukuyama Domain, Bingo Province\]. *kawara-ban.com* (in Japanese). Shimin-kawaraban. 2003. Retrieved 5 July 2024. Kansei Choshu Shokafu; Atsugi City
78. "福山藩主について". *Fukuyama castle Museum* (in Japanese). Retrieved 30 May 2024.
79. "『水野勝成公が残した偉大な贈り物』" \["The Great Gift Left by Lord Mizuno Katsunari"\]. *daiwa kensetsu* (in Japanese). DAIWA CONSTRUCTION CO.,LTD. Retrieved 5 July 2024. References:
    * Interesting History of Fukuyama by Takao Hirai (published by Fukuyama Castle Friendship Association)
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    * New Edition Fukuyama Castle Compiled by Fukuyama City Cultural Assets Association (published by the same publisher)
80. *歴史と人物, Volumes 77-80* (in Japanese). 中央公論社. 1978. p. 181. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
81. Nakayama Yoshiaki (2012). *図解 日本の城* (in Japanese). 西東社. p. 8. ISBN 978-4791683918. Retrieved 29 May 2024.
82. Hugh Borton (1968). *Peasant Uprisings in Japan of the Tokugawa Period*. Paragon Book Reprint Corporation. p. 40. ISBN 9780818800078. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
83. "Fukuyama Castle". *Japan Travel*. 2018. Retrieved 6 September 2018.
84. Yoshio Nitobe (1936). *Architectural Japan, Old \[and\] New*. Japan Times & Mail. p. 9. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
85. "Fukuyama Castle". *Japanese History and Culture*. 2016. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
86. "鞆の歴史と観光鯛網". 福山観光コンベンション協会. Retrieved 2024-05-31.
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88. 福山市史編纂会 編 (1978). *福山市史 中巻* (in Japanese). 福山市史編纂会 編. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
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91. Uozumi Takashi (2002). *宮本武蔵: 日本人の道* \[*Miyamoto Musashi: The Japanese Way*\] (in Japanese). ぺりかん. pp. 93, 95, 111. ISBN 4831510114. Retrieved 27 May 2024.
92. Asakura & Miura 1996, p. 92Meishō genkō
93. "剣豪・名将・賢君 物語編（３）". *Sankei Online* (in Japanese). The Sankei Shimbun. 2013. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
94. William Scott Wilson (2013). *The Lone Samurai The Life of Miyamoto Musashi*. Shambhala. p. 251. ISBN 978-1-59030-987-2. Retrieved 21 May 2024.
95. William de Lange (2019). "Mizuno Katsunari (1564–1651)". *miyamotomusashi.eu*. William de Lange. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
96. Masahide Fukuda (2011). "【寄稿17】宮本武蔵と水野勝成 『宮本武蔵の大坂夏の陣』１／２" (in Japanese). Retrieved 27 May 2024.
97. William Scott Wilson (2013). *The Lone Samurai: The Life of Miyamoto Musashi* (reprint). Shambhala Publications. p. 251. ISBN 978-1590309872. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
98. Kenji Tokitsu (2006). *Miyamoto Musashi: His Life and Writings*. Translated by Sherab Ch÷dzin Kohn. Shambhala Publications. p. 96. ISBN 0834824884. Retrieved 30 May 2024.
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### Bibliography

### Further reading

## InfoBox

| Mizuno Katsunari | |
| --- | --- |
| 水野 勝成 | |
| Silk painting depicting Mizuno Katsunari | |
|  | |
| Daimyo of Kariya Domain | |
| **In office**<br>1600–1615 | |
| Succeeded by | Mizuno Tadakiyo |
| Daimyo of Fukuyama Domain | |
| **In office**<br>1619–1639 | |
| Succeeded by | Mizuno Katsutoshi |
| Daimyo of Kōriyama Domain | |
| **In office**<br>1615–1619 | |
| Succeeded by | Matsudaira Tadaaki |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 20, 1564<br>Okazaki, Aichi |
| Died | May 4, 1651<br>Kenchu-ji Temple, Fukuyama Domain |
| Relations | Mizuno Tadashige (father) <br>Mizuno Katsutoshi (son) |
| Nickname(s) | *Rin-kai-fuki* <br>*Oni-Hyūga* |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Mizuno Tadashige (Tokugawa clanOda Nobukatsu) → Toyotomi Hideyoshi (Sengoku HidehisaSassa NarimasaKuroda YoshitakaKonishi YukinagaKatō KiyomasaTachibana Muneshige) → ? → Mōri clan (Mimura Chikanari) → Tokugawa clan (Tokugawa IeyasuTokugawa HidetadaTokugawa Iemitsu) |
| Unit | Mizuno clan |
| Battles/wars |  |
|  | |


abstract: The men's association football tournament at the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games is held in Réunion. The draw for the football tournament was made at Saint-Denis on 14 May 2015.

text:
# Football at the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games – Men's tournament

The men's association football tournament at the 2015 Indian Ocean Island Games (French: *Jeux des îles de l'océan Indien 2015*) is held in Réunion. The draw for the football tournament was made at Saint-Denis on 14 May 2015.

## Teams

## Squads

Each association presented a list of at most twenty players to compete in the tournament.

## Group stage

### Group A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Mayotte | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 2 | +3 | 7 | Advance to knockout stage |
| 2 | Madagascar | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 4 | +1 | | 4 |
| 3 | Seychelles | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 3 | +1 | 3 |  |
| 4 | Maldives | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 5 | | 3 |

Source: IOCS
Rules for classification: Tie-breaking criteria

| Seychelles | 3–0 **1** | Madagascar |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

Stade Jean-Ivoula, Saint-Denis, RéunionReferee:  Steeve Dubec

| Maldives | 1–3 | Mayotte |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Umair  12' | Report | Ben Yahaya  54'
Rasolofo  83'
Noussoura  88' |

Stade Jean-Allane, Saint-Benoît, RéunionReferee:  Dharamveer Hurbungs

| Seychelles | 1–2 | Maldives |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Esther  5' | Report | Umair  28' (pen.)
Imaz  43' |

Stade Baby-Larivière, Saint-André, RéunionReferee:  Imtehaz Heeralall

| Mayotte | 1–1 | Madagascar |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Faya  28' | Report | Vombola  77' |

Stade Michel Volnay, Saint-Pierre, RéunionReferee:  Steeve Dubec

| Maldives | 0–4 | Madagascar |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Simouri  44', 46'
Rakotoarimalala  70'
Vombola  90' |

Stade Baby-Larivière, Saint-André, RéunionReferee:  Imtehaz Heeralall

| Seychelles | 0–1 | Mayotte |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report | Rasolofo  66' (pen.) |

Stade Michel Volnay, Saint-Pierre, RéunionReferee:  Didier Ringuin

1 Due to a scheduling error, Madagascar's team arrived on Friday night believing that the match was scheduled for the following afternoon, and thus failed to appear for the match.

### Group B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Réunion (H) | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 0 | +4 | 6 | Advance to knockout stage |
| 2 | Mauritius | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 1 | +2 | | 3 |
| 3 | Comoros | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 0 |  |

Source: IOCS
Rules for classification: Tie-breaking criteria
(H) Hosts

| Réunion | 1–0 | Mauritius |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fontaine  19' | Report |  |

Stade Michel Volnay, Saint-Pierre, RéunionAttendance: 5000Referee:  Omar Saïd

| Comoros | 0–3 **1** | Mauritius |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

Stade Georges Lambrakis, Le Port, RéunionReferee:  Zaeem Ali

| Réunion | 3–0 **1** | Comoros |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Report |  |

Stade Jean-Ivoula, Saint-Denis, RéunionReferee:  Omar Saïd

1 Comoros withdrew from the tournament as their team were unable to enter Rèunion due to visa issues.

## Knockout stage

### Semi-finals

| Mayotte | 2–1 | Mauritius |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ben Yahaya  61'
Kamal  68' | Report | Sophie  55' |

Stade Jean-Ivoula, Saint-Denis, RéunionReferee:  Steeve Dubec

| Réunion | 1–0 (a.e.t.) | Madagascar |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Loricourt  117' | Report |  |

Stade Michel Volnay, Saint-Pierre, RéunionReferee:  Zaeem Ali

### Third place match

| Mauritius | 3–1 | Madagascar |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Sophie  83', 86'
Perticot  89' | Report | Simouri  90+5' |

Stade Georges Lambrakis, Le Port, RéunionReferee:  Nelson Emile

### Final

| Mayotte | 1–3 | Réunion |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Attoumani  90+1' | Report | Fontaine  7', 17'
Boesso  67' |

Stade Jean-Ivoula, Saint-Denis, RéunionReferee:  Adboul Kanoso

## Final ranking

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Final result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Réunion (H) | 4 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 1 | +7 | 12 | Champions |
| 2 | Mayotte | 5 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 8 | 6 | +2 | 10 | Runners-up |
| 3 | Mauritius | 4 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 7 | 4 | +3 | 6 | Third place |
| 4 | Madagascar | 5 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 8 | 2 | 4 | Fourth place |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 5 | Seychelles | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 3 | +1 | 3 | Eliminated in
Group stage |
| 6 | Maldives | 3 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 8 | 5 | | 3 |
| 7 | Comoros | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 6 | | 0 |

Source: IOCS
(H) Hosts

Per statistical convention in football, matches decided in extra time are counted as wins and losses, while matches decided by penalty shoot-out are counted as draws.

## Statistics

### Goalscorers

## InfoBox

2015 Men's Indian Ocean Island Games Football Tournament
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Host country | Réunion |
| Dates | (2015-07-31) (2015-08-08)31 July – 8 August 2015
(8 days) |
| Teams | 7 (from 2 confederations) |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Réunion (4th title) |
| Runners-up | Mayotte |
| Third place | Mauritius |
| Fourth place | Madagascar |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 13 |
| Goals scored | 36 (2.77 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | Jean-Michel Fontaine
Jimmy Simouri
(3 goals each) |
|


title: Rivers State Ministry of Education

abstract: The Rivers State Ministry of Education is a ministry of the Government of Rivers State of Nigeria, created to encourage development of education in the state. The ministry is tasked with the formulation of policies for promoting and realizing effective educational standards, and practices similar to those of other jurisdictions. The ministry is headquartered at the 7th Floor of the State Secretariat Complex in Port Harcourt.

text:
# Rivers State Ministry of Education

The **Rivers State Ministry of Education** is a ministry of the Government of Rivers State of Nigeria, created to encourage development of education in the state. The ministry is tasked with the formulation of policies for promoting and realizing effective educational standards, and practices similar to those of other jurisdictions. The ministry is headquartered at the 7th Floor of the State Secretariat Complex in Port Harcourt.

## List of commissioners

## Awards

Some of the awards won by the ministry include:

* ANCOPSS Award
* Time News Leadership Gold Award
* Babs Fafunwa Education Prize

## InfoBox

Rivers State Ministry of Education
| Ministry overview | |
| --- | --- |
| Jurisdiction | Government of Rivers State |
| Headquarters | 7th Floor, State Secretariat
Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
4°46′24″N 7°0′57″E / 4.77333°N 7.01583°E / 4.77333; 7.01583 |
| Ministry executives |  |
| Website | ministryofeducationriversstate.com.ng |


title: Richard Townsend (soldier)

abstract: Richard Townesend was a soldier and politician in England. He was born in 1618 or 1619. Much research has been undertaken by various members of the Townsend family to trace Richard's origins but nothing is known about him before 1643 when he was appointed to command a company, as a captain, in Colonel Ceely's Regiment, which had been raised to garrison Lyme Regis. Richard was engaged in several skirmishes, most notably on 3 March 1643 when he surprised and routed 150 Royalist cavalry at Bridport. Later, he was present during the defence of Lyme Regis 20 April – 13 June 1644 where he distinguished himself and was promoted to Major. In 1645 he assumed command of Colonel Ceely's Regt when Colonel Ceely was returned to Parliament as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bridport. Richard took part in the siege of Pendennis Castle in August 1646 and afterwards wrote to Colonel Ceely to report on the siege and "to receive directions how to dispose of the regiment, and positively what employment and future maintenance we may expect". This letter is preserved in the Tanner MS in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Following the siege, Richard was made Colonel of a regiment of 1000 men, raised for service in Ireland, with Robert Phayre as his Lieutenant Colonel and they remained camped near Bath until 19 June 1647 when Parliament ordered that "Colonel Townesend and his regiment... be transported to Ireland" to join the Parliamentary Army in Ireland under the command of Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin.

text:
# Richard Townsend (soldier)

**Richard Townesend** (as he spelt his name) was a soldier and politician in England. He was born in 1618 or 1619. Much research has been undertaken by various members of the Townsend family to trace Richard's origins but nothing is known about him before 1643 when he was appointed to command a company, as a captain, in Colonel Ceely's Regiment, which had been raised to garrison Lyme Regis. Richard was engaged in several skirmishes, most notably on 3 March 1643 when he surprised and routed 150 Royalist cavalry at Bridport. Later, he was present during the defence of Lyme Regis 20 April – 13 June 1644 where he distinguished himself and was promoted to Major ("he was shot in the head but still lives"). In 1645 he assumed command of Colonel Ceely's Regt when Colonel Ceely was returned to Parliament as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bridport.

Richard took part in the siege of Pendennis Castle in August 1646 and afterwards wrote to Colonel Ceely to report on the siege and "to receive directions how to dispose of the regiment, and positively what employment and future maintenance we may expect". This letter is preserved in the Tanner MS in the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Following the siege, Richard was made Colonel of a regiment of 1000 men, raised for service in Ireland, with Robert Phayre as his Lieutenant Colonel and they remained camped near Bath until 19 June 1647 when Parliament ordered that "Colonel Townesend and his regiment ... be transported to Ireland" to join the Parliamentary Army in Ireland under the command of Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin.

## Ireland

On 13 November 1647, Richard commanded the main body of the infantry at the Battle of Knocknanauss, near Mallow under Lord Inchiquin against the Irish army led by Theobald Taaffe, 1st Earl of Carlingford. Subsequently, Richard and others, in dire need of fresh supplies, joined with Lord Inchiquin in a Declaration of Remonstrance, which was submitted to Parliament in early 1648. Shortly after this Lord Inchiquin renounced his allegiance to the English Parliament and joined forces with Lord Taaff. Richard and several other officers disagreed with this and there followed a period of complex political and military intrigue during which loyalties to the Parliamentary cause and the Royalists were in a state of flux.

The execution of Charles I on 30 January 1649 united all the factions in Ireland against Cromwell, but Richard and a number of other officers in Inchiquin's army (notably Colonel Gifford and Colonel Warden) were unable "to endure the thought of joining with the Irish against their own countrymen" and declared for Cromwell, who, having suppressed the uprisings in Kent, Wales and Scotland, was now in Ireland and marching on Munster. As Richard and the other Colonels were preparing Youghal to receive Cromwell, they were betrayed to Lord Inchiquin who arrested and imprisoned them in Cork. They were freed when the garrison in the town rose up in support of Cromwell on 16 October 1649, Later that month the 'Protestant Army of Munster' based in Cork drew up a Resolution to send to Cromwell pleading that they had been forced by Lord Inchiquin to serve the Irish cause. The first signature on the Resolution is that of Richard and Cromwell, on 14 November 1649, wrote to Speaker Lenthall that Colonel Townesend had been "an active instrument for the return of both Cork and Youghal to their obedience".

## Post-military life

Richard retired from service sometime before 1654 and made extensive purchases of land; in all about 8,000 acres (32 km2). Following the restoration of Charles II in 1666 he was pardoned and hence escaped the forfeitures placed on many Cromwellian soldiers. His purchases of land were subsequently confirmed by royal patents in 1666, 1668 and 1680. He lived for a time at Kilbrittain Castle, near Courtmacsherry before finally settling at Castletown in about 1665. Castletown later came to be called Castle Townsend and from about 1870 Castletownshend.

Richard was elected MP for Baltimore in the Irish Parliament, which met at Chichester House, Dublin in 1661. His appearances in the Parliament were infrequent and he was fined for non-attendance.

In 1666, under threat of invasion by the French, the Duke of Ormonde, at the insistence of the Earl of Orrery, appointed Richard Commander of Militia in County Cork. Subsequently, he was appointed High Sheriff of County Cork on 12 March 1671 and Sovereign of Clonakilty on 18 October 1685. From the time that he moved from Kilbrittain Castle to Castletownshend until his death Richard sought to consolidate his estates in West Carberry and to lead the settled life of a landowner. However, these were unsettled times, particularly after the accession of James II in 1685, and Richard was frequently engaged in various armed skirmishes with Irish rebels. In 1690, under the command of Colonel O'Driscol, the rebels unsuccessfully besieged Castletownshend but soon after it was attacked again by about 500 of them led by MacFineen O'Driscoll and Richard was forced to surrender. He was subsequently paid £40,000 in compensation for the destruction of his home.

Richard signed his will on 21 June 1692 "being sick in body but in perfect sense and disposing memory". He died on 26 September 1692 and was buried in the old churchyard at Castlehaven; his tomb lies in the chancel of the old church and is marked by a slab bearing the words 'This is the burial place of the Townesends'.

It has always been the belief that Richard's first wife, Hildegardis Hyde, was a close kinswoman of Lord Clarendon; if this is correct it might help to explain how Richard's life and lands were spared during these troubled times when many of his friends and acquaintances fared very badly. The surname of Richard's second wife cannot be confirmed but there are good reasons to believe it to be Kingston; the Kingston family were settled near Bandon and Richard named his fifth son Kingston.

Richard had a large family of which there were seven surviving sons. Of these, it is only through his son Colonel Bryan Townsend that survivors in the male line exist today.

* Townshend, Richard & Dorothea (1892). *An Officer of the Long Parliament*. London, UK: Henry Frowde.


title: John Coleman (psychologist)

abstract: Dr. John Christopher Coleman is an English psychologist whose primary interest is adolescence. He has published widely on this subject. He is best known for his textbook The nature of adolescence. He is the Editor of the Routledge series "Adolescence and society" and is also the Editor of a new John Wiley series called "Understanding adolescence". He was editor of the Journal of Adolescence from 1984 to 2000. In 1989 he founded the Trust for the Study of Adolescence. He was awarded an OBE in 2001 for services to youth justice. His current research interests include young people and new technologies, the parenting of adolescents, and emotional health and well-being. He is engaged, with others, in the establishment of the Association for Young People's Health, which was launched at a major conference on 6 February 2008.

text:
# John Coleman (psychologist)

Dr. **John Christopher Coleman** (born 1940) is an English psychologist whose primary interest is adolescence. He has published widely on this subject. He is best known for his textbook *The nature of adolescence*. He is the Editor of the Routledge series "Adolescence and society" and is also the Editor of a new John Wiley series called "Understanding adolescence".

He was editor of the *Journal of Adolescence* from 1984 to 2000. In 1989 he founded the Trust for the Study of Adolescence. He was awarded an OBE in 2001 for services to youth justice.

His current research interests include young people and new technologies, the parenting of adolescents, and emotional health and well-being. He is engaged, with others, in the establishment of the Association for Young People's Health, which was launched at a major conference on 6 February 2008.


title: Marko Stanojević

abstract: Marko Stanojević is a Serbian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Nasaf.

text:
# Marko Stanojević

**Marko Stanojević** (Serbian Cyrillic: Марко Станојевић; born 22 June 1988) is a Serbian footballer who plays as a midfielder for Nasaf.

## Career

Stanojević has played for Red Star in Serbia, and FK Laktaši in the First League of Republika Srpska. During the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League qualifying phase and play-off round, Stanojević scored a brace in the first leg against San Marino team Tre Penne in which FK Rad won 6–0. He scored his third goal of the competition, in the second leg, in which Rad won 3–1, taking their aggregate score to 9–1.

On 8 August 2014, Stanojević signed on a one-year loan deal with Simurq.

On 25 December 2017, FC Astana announced the signing of Stanojević. On 23 July 2018, Astana announced that Stanojević had left the club. On 1 September 2018, Levadiakos F.C. announced the signing of the Serbian winger till the summer of 2020 for an undisclosed fee.

On 9 July 2019, Stanojević returned to the Kazakhstan Premier League, signing for FC Irtysh Pavlodar.

## Career statistics

*As of match played 29 September 2023*

| Club | Season | League | | | National Cup | | Continental | | Other | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Rad | 2009–10 | Serbian SuperLiga | 12 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 2 |
| | 2010–11 | Serbian SuperLiga | 29 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 4 |
| | 2011–12 | Serbian SuperLiga | 25 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 30 | 6 |
| | Total | | 66 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 72 | 12 |
| Sheriff Tiraspol | 2012–13 | Moldovan National Division | 28 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 37 | 4 |
| | 2013–14 | Moldovan National Division | 24 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 35 | 1 |
| | Total | | 52 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 72 | 5 |
| Simurq (loan) | 2014–15 | Azerbaijan Premier League | 17 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | 5 |
| Al Fateh | 2015–16 | Saudi Pro League | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | | - | | 2 | 0 |
| Rad | 2015–16 | Serbian SuperLiga | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - | | - | | 13 | 0 |
| | 2016–17 | Serbian SuperLiga | 17 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | | - | | 18 | 0 |
| | Total | | 30 | 0 | 1 | 0 | - | - | - | - | 31 | 0 |
| Shakhter Karagandy | 2017 | Kazakhstan Premier League | 28 | 4 | 4 | 1 | - | | - | | 32 | 5 |
| Astana | 2018 | Kazakhstan Premier League | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 0 |
| Levadiakos | 2018-19 | Super League | 21 | 2 | 2 | 1 | - | | - | | 23 | 3 |
| Irtysh Pavlodar | 2019 | Kazakhstan Premier League | 14 | 2 | 0 | 0 | - | | - | | 14 | 2 |
| Nasaf | 2020 | Uzbekistan Super League | 25 | 6 | 2 | 1 | - | | - | | 27 | 7 |
| | 2021 | | 24 | 6 | 5 | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 37 | 8 |
| | 2022 | | 24 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 36 | 4 |
| | 2023 | | 8 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 2 |
| Career total | | | 346 | 41 | 27 | 6 | 37 | 7 | 6 | 1 | 416 | 55 |

## Honours

**Sheriff Tiraspol**

1. "LE: Rad završio posao" (in Swedish). B92.net. 30 June 2011. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
2. "Fulham win as 2011/12 campaign gets under way". UEFA Europa League. 30 June 2011. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
3. "LE (kval): Rad sa 9:1 na Olimpijakos Volos!". Mondo.rs. 8 June 2011. Retrieved 9 July 2011.
4. ""Simurq" heyətinə yeni futbolçu qatdı". *simurqpfk.az* (in Azerbaijani). Simurq PFK. Archived from the original on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 8 August 2014.
5. "Марко Станоевич подписал контракт с Астаной". *fca.kz* (in Russian). FC Astana. 25 December 2017. Retrieved 25 December 2017.
6. "Марко Станоевич покидает Астану". *fcastana.kz/* (in Russian). FC Astana. 23 July 2018. Retrieved 23 July 2018.
7. "Πήρε Στανόγεβιτς ο Λεβαδειακός". www.sport24.gr. 1 September 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2018.
8. "ОФИЦИАЛЬНО: МАРКО СТАНОЕВИЧ-ИГРОК ФК ERTIS". *fcirtysh.kz/* (in Russian). FC Irtysh Pavlodar. 9 July 2019. Retrieved 10 July 2019.
9. "M.Stanojević". Soccerway. Retrieved 8 August 2014.

## InfoBox

Marko Stanojević
| Stanojević with Sheriff Tiraspol in 2013 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Marko Stanojević | | |
| Date of birth | (1988-06-22) 22 June 1988 | | |
| Place of birth | Pirot, SFR Yugoslavia | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Nasaf | | |
| Number | 88 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Red Star Belgrade | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2006–2007 | → Sopot (loan) | 30 | (2) |
| 2007–2008 | Sopot | 24 | (2) |
| 2008–2009 | Laktaši | 32 | (1) |
| 2009–2012 | Rad | 66 | (9) |
| 2012–2014 | Sheriff Tiraspol | 52 | (4) |
| 2014–2015 | Simurq (loan) | 17 | (4) |
| 2015 | Al-Fateh SC | 2 | (0) |
| 2016–2017 | Rad | 30 | (1) |
| 2017–2018 | Shakhter Karagandy | 29 | (4) |
| 2018 | Astana | 9 | (0) |
| 2018–2019 | Levadiakos | 21 | (2) |
| 2019 | Irtysh Pavlodar | 14 | (2) |
| 2020– | Nasaf | 81 | (14) |
| International career | | | |
| 2009–2010 | Serbia U21 | 3 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 28 September 2023<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 1 June 2010 | | | |


title: Zdravko Rajačić

abstract: Zdravko Rajačić was a Serbian professional basketball coach who coached OKK Beograd during the 1980s.

text:
# Zdravko Rajačić

**Zdravko Rajačić** (Serbian Cyrillic: Здравко Рајачић; 29 May 1952 – 3 October 2008) was a Serbian professional basketball coach who coached OKK Beograd during the 1980s.

## InfoBox

Zdravko Rajačić
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1952-05-29)29 May 1952
Belgrade, PR Serbia, Yugoslavia |
| Died | 3 October 2008(2008-10-03) (aged 56)
Belgrade, Serbia |
| Nationality | Serbian |
| Coaching career | 1973–1989 |
| Career history | |
| As coach: | |
| 1973–1986 | OKK Beograd (youth) |
| 1986–1987 | OKK Beograd (assistant) |
| 1987–1989 | OKK Beograd |
|  | |


title: Mixed Beats

abstract: Mixed Beats is the second remix album by Ira Losco, the first one being Blends & Remixes of Someone Else.

text:
# Mixed Beats

***Mixed Beats*** is the second remix album by Ira Losco, the first one being Blends & Remixes of Someone Else.

## Track listing

1. "Something To Talk About" \[U-Bahn Remix\] – 3:57
2. "What's The Matter With Your Cabrio" \[DJ Ruby Remix\] – 5:27
3. "Love Song" \[Tenishia Remix\] \- 4:47
4. "Your Ways" \[Alvin Gee Remix\] \- 3.44
5. "Promises" \[Miss Roberta Remix\] \- 5.03
6. "Idle Motion" \[Toby Remix\] \- 4.31
7. "Accident Prone 2009" \[DJ Ruby and Glenn Frantz Remix\] \- 4.55
8. "Shoulders Of Giants" \[Roger Shah Magic Island Remix Radio Edit\] \- 4.30
9. "Driving One Of Your Cars" \[DJ Ruby Remix\] \- 3.22
10. "Promises" \[Duo Blank Remix\] \- 4.41
11. "Fortune Teller" \[Glenn Frantz Reprise Remix\] \- 5.35
12. "Accident Prone 09" \[Thomas Penton & Alex Armes Remix\] \- 5.21
13. "Shoulders Of Giants" \[Roger Shah Magic Island Remix Club Mix\] \- 8.06

## InfoBox

| Mixed Beats | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Remix album by Ira Losco | |
| Released | 22 August 2009 |
| Recorded | 2008/09 |
| Genre |  |
| Producer | * Ira Losco * Howard Keith * Alvin Gee * Miss Roberta * Glenn Frantz * Roger Shah * Duo Blank * Toby Farrugia * Joven Grech * Cyprian Cassar * Mark Grima * Matthew Agius |
| Ira Losco chronology | |
| *Fortune Teller*
(2008) ***Mixed Beats***
(2009) *The Fire*
(2013) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Mixed Beats* | |
| 1. "What's The Matter With Your Cabrio"
Released: May 2009 2. "Shoulders of Giants"
Released: September 2009 3. "Love Song"
Released: December 2009 4. "Something to Talk About"
Released: February 2010 | |
|  | |


title: Mouarid

abstract: Mouarid is a small town and rural commune in Essaouira Province of the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 6273 people living in 1109 households.

text:
# Mouarid

**Mouarid** is a small town and rural commune in Essaouira Province of the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 6273 people living in 1109 households.

## InfoBox

| Mouarid المواريد | |
| --- | --- |
| Rural commune and town | |
| MouaridLocation in Morocco | |
| Coordinates: 31°23′58″N 9°10′10″W / 31.3994°N 9.1694°W / 31.3994; -9.1694 | |
| Country | Morocco |
| Region | Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz |
| Province | Essaouira Province |
| Population (2004) | |
| Total | 6,273 |
| Time zone | UTC+0 (WET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+1 (WEST) |


title: Pauline Mills McGibbon

abstract: Pauline Mills McGibbon served as the 22nd Lieutenant Governor of Ontario from 1974 to 1980. In addition to being the first woman to occupy that position, she was also the first woman to serve as a viceregal representative in Canadian history. Once described as 'Ontario’s Eve' for all her 'first woman' achievements, the Honourable Pauline McGibbon dedicated her life to the betterment of her community, province and nation. A 1976 article indicated 'She has a warm, smiling face wreathed by a grey braid, her trademark… She is almost apologetic for being ‘old-fashioned,' but, because of her upbringing, she says she rarely feels really dressed, without gloves'. Former Governor-General Adrienne Clarkson once commented that McGibbon 'was perceptive, incisive, amusing and self-deprecating'.

text:
# Pauline Mills McGibbon

**Pauline Mills McGibbon** CC OOnt (21 October 1910  14 December 2001) served as the 22nd Lieutenant Governor of Ontario from 1974 to 1980. In addition to being the first woman to occupy that position, she was also the first woman to serve as a viceregal representative in Canadian history.

Once described as 'Ontario’s Eve' for all her 'first woman' achievements, the Honourable Pauline McGibbon dedicated her life to the betterment of her community, province and nation. A 1976 article indicated 'She has a warm, smiling face wreathed by a grey braid, her trademark… She is almost apologetic for being ‘old-fashioned,' but, because of her upbringing, she says she rarely feels really dressed, without gloves'. Former Governor-General Adrienne Clarkson once commented that McGibbon 'was perceptive, incisive, amusing and self-deprecating'.

## Early life

Pauline Emily Mills was born 20 October 1910 in Sarnia, Ontario. She was the only child of Alfred William and Ethel Selina Mills, her father being a textiles and goods merchant. After George Street, and Lochiel Street Schools, and Sarnia Collegiate, she studied at Victoria College at the University of Toronto, graduating in 1933 with a Bachelor of Arts in Modern History.

In January 1935 Pauline married football star and her childhood sweetheart Donald Walker McGibbon, both attending the university together. Don later became vice-president and treasurer of Imperial Oil Limited.

## Career

A lifelong volunteer and supporter of the arts, McGibbon became president of the Dominion Drama Festival from 1957 to 1959. She volunteered for years including national president of the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire from 1963 to 1965. She was the first woman to lead such organizations as the Canadian Conference of the Arts (1972).

McGibbon served as chancellor, and first female in those roles, of the universities of Toronto (1971–1974) and Guelph (1977–1983).

Appointed by prime minister Pierre Trudeau, McGibbon was installed as the first female Lieutenant Governor of Ontario on 17 January 1974, and thus became the first female governor in the country. (The first female Governor in the Commonwealth was Dame Hilda Bynoe, Governor of Grenada 1968–1974.) She held the office until 1980. A particular focus of her mandate was the arts in Ontario. This was her first salaried employment, due to the support of her husband which had enabled her to devote much time to voluntary work. Of her annual $35 000 salary, she gave back the money other than for $200 a month which at her husband's request went into a retirement savings plan.

Additional to her benevolent work, McGibbon was an active member of the business community, and served as director on companies in Canada such as IBM Canada Limited, Imasco, Mercedes-Benz, and George Weston Limited.

From 1980 McGibbon was a director of Massey Hall and Roy Thomson Hall. She also served as chairman, and their first female chair of the National Arts Centre in Ottawa (1980), and honorary colonel of 25 (Toronto) Service Battalion and No. 7 Cadet Corps of Saint Thomas.

During her life, McGibbon was also the governor of the Upper Canada College.

## Later life

She and Don had no children.

By the end of her life, McGibbon had been the chairman, a board member, director, and/or president of at least fifteen arts associations, including the National Arts Centre (Ottawa), the Toronto International Festival of Dance and Music, and the du Maurier Council for the Performing Arts.

After a lengthy illness, McGibbon died in Toronto on Friday, 14 December 2001, aged 91. She was buried in the family plot in the Lakeview Cemetery in Sarnia, Ontario.

## Legacy

Established in 1981, the Pauline McGibbon Award, a monetary $7000 (2021) award, is given each year to a member of Ontario’s professional theatre community in the early stages of the member's career who has displayed a unique talent and a potential for excellence. The Ontario Arts Council manages the award.

Her name is also given to Pauline McGibbon Park, 180 North College Avenue, Sarnia.

## Awards

McGibbon is the first woman to hold the presidency of the University of Toronto Alumni Association (1952–53). In November 1956, she received a life membership in Ontario provincial chapter, to which she had given continuous service since 1940. McGibbon was one of many people recognised by the Alumni as 1990 Arbor Award recipients for generosity and contribution to the experience of university members.

She received the medal of service of the Order of Canada in recognition of her contributions to worthy causes. She was made a Dame of the Order of Saint Lazarus. In 1957 McGibbon received the Canadian Drama Award for outstanding service to theatre in Canada.

She received the Civic Award of Merit from the City of Toronto, and in the same year an honorary doctor of laws degree from University of Alberta.

McGibbon was named as an Officer of the Order of Canada in December 1967, for her contribution to the theatre and education, and several volunteer organizations. After leaving Office, McGibbon was promoted to be a Companion of the Order of Canada in 1980, and was separately appointed to the Order of Ontario in December 1988.

In October 1975 as a lieutenant-governor, she was awarded an honorary law degree by the University of Toronto.

By March 1977, McGibbon held seven honorary degrees from Canadian universities, an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, a Dame of Grace of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, the Canadian Centennial Medal (1967), and the Award of Merit from the Canadian Public Relations Society. She had also been the first woman member of the Royal Canadian Military Institute.

## InfoBox

| The HonourablePauline Mills McGibbonCC OOnt | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 22nd Lieutenant Governor of Ontario | |
| **In office**
10 April 1974 (1974-04-10)  15 September 1980 (1980-09-15) | |
| Monarch | Elizabeth II |
| Governors General | Jules Léger
Edward Schreyer |
| Premier | Bill Davis |
| Preceded by | William Ross Macdonald |
| Succeeded by | John Black Aird |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1910-10-20)20 October 1910
Sarnia, Ontario, Canada |
| Died | 14 December 2001(2001-12-14) (aged 91)
Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Spouse | Donald Walker McGibbon (1910–1996) (m. 1935) |
| Profession | Director, community organizer |
|  | |


title: Miriam Merad

abstract: Miram Merad is a French-Algerian professor in Cancer immunology and the Director of the Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS) in New York, NY. She is the corecipient of the 2018 William B. Coley Award for Distinguished Research in Basic Immunology and a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Medicine.

text:
# Miriam Merad

**Miram Merad** (born 1969) is a French-Algerian professor in Cancer immunology and the Director of the Marc and Jennifer Lipschultz Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM) at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS) in New York, NY. She is the corecipient of the 2018 William B. Coley Award for Distinguished Research in Basic Immunology and a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Medicine.

## Education and career

Miriam Merad received her M.D. from the medical school at the University of Algiers in 1985 and completed her residency in hematology and oncology at the Paris Diderot University. After obtaining a Master's degree in Biotechnology from the Paris Diderot University, she moved to Stanford University to perform a PhD in the laboratory of Edgar Engleman. Merad’s clinical training in Hematology / Oncology and bone marrow transplantation in the Hôpital Saint-Louis and Institut Gustave Roussy in Paris shaped her initial interest in immunotherapy and inspired her move to Stanford to study dendritic cell-based vaccines with Engleman. Realizing that very little was known about myeloid cell development, Merad collaborated with Irving Weissman at Stanford, who provided her with the tools to study the origin of macrophages and dendritic cells. Merad's collaboration with Weissman resulted in a series of ontogeny studies that led to the re-writing of textbook chapters describing the origin of macrophages and dendritic cells. She was first recruited to the ISMMS in 2004 and promoted to the rank of associate professor with Tenure in 2007 and to Full Professor in 2010. She obtained an Endowed Chair in Cancer Immunology in 2014.

In 2016, Merad was appointed Director of the Immunology Institute at ISMMS, which had been founded by Lloyd Mayer and Sergio A. Lira in 2007. The institute was renamed the Precision Immunology Institute (PrIISM) to reflect Merad's vision of transforming the institute to encompass a new, dedicated focus on human immunology and accelerating the translation of research advances made in foundational immunology in preclinical models into new therapeutic approaches. Under Merad's leadership, PrIISM has launched and co-founded with other ISMMS institutes, many programs and centers that support highly productive collaborations between physicians and scientists and enhance synergy between fundamental, translational and clinical research initiatives. These centers and programs include the Human Immune Monitoring Center, the Microbiome Translational Center, the Center for Inborn Errors of Immunity, the TARGET and INTERACT programs and the Center for Computational Immunology.

In August 2023, Merad became the founding Chair of the Department of Immunology and Immunotherapy (DII), a new research department launched at Icahn Mount Sinai that intends to foster a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental biology and profound impact of the immune system on human health and disease. The DII aims to empower researchers to explore groundbreaking scientific inquiries about the immune system and develop innovative types of immunotherapy.

In April 2024, Merad was named as the new Dean for Translational Research and Therapeutic Innovation for the Ican School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

## Research

Miram Merad's early studies were among the first to identify the mechanisms that control the development and functional identity of tissue resident dendritic cells and macrophages. In particular, her laboratory established the embryonic origin of tissue resident macrophages, microglia and Langerhans cells and investigates their distinct contributions to health and disease. These studies have revealed the critical contribution of tissue resident macrophages to organ physiology including synaptic pruning, gut peristaltism, fat metabolism and vascular integrity. The Merad laboratory identified a new subset of dendritic cells, the tissue resident CD103+ DC lineage, that are specialized in anti-viral and anti-tumor immunity.

Understanding how different myeloid cell subsets drive distinct inflammatory diseases is one focus of the Merad group's research. In 2021, they identified how mutations in mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway genes trigger sensescence in multipotent human hematopoietic progenitor cells that cause multisystem Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis disease by skewing progenitor differentiation towards the mononuclear phagocyte lineage. In 2022, they reported that severe COVID19 disease was associated with a reduction in the tissue-resident lung alveolar macrophages that control tissue repair and an increase in inflammatory monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages.

The Merad lab has made many discoveries demonstrating the roles that dendritic cells and macrophages play within the tumor microenvironment. The two distinct lineages of macrophages that Merad defined are represented in tumors, with the different developmental origins dictating their specific roles in shaping the tumor microenvironment. In human lung tumors, Merad's team found that tissue-resident macrophages gather near to tumour cells early in tumour formation and make the tumour cells more invasive, and they also activate a regulatory T cell response that protects the tumour cells from the immune system. During tumor growth, the tissue-resident macrophages move to the periphery and monocyte-derived macrophages dominate the tumor-microenvironment. Other recent key advances from the Merad team in this area include the identification of TREM2 tumor macrophages as immunosuppressive cells that limit natural killer cell recruitment and activity in a murine model of lung adenocarcinoma, the characterization of mature dendritic cells enriched in immunoregulatory molecules (mregDCs) that limit responses to immune checkpoint blockade, and the niches in tumors in which mregDCs operate.

The Merad lab generates detailed transcriptional and epigenetic atlases of dendritic cells and macrophages that are available as resources to uncover new insights into the regulatory networks and molecular identity of these myeloid cells.

In addition to her research program, Merad has published articles on new approaches to cancer immunotherapy clinical trials, how Long COVID can be classified, the importance of immigrants to science in the US and written about her experiences as a mother and a scientist.

## Honors

## Notable publications

## InfoBox

| Miriam Merad | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Paris, France |
| Education |  |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields |  |
| Institutions | Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai |
|  | |