title: Wallin Family

abstract: The Wallin Family is an American family of traditional ballad singers from Madison County, North Carolina. Their repertoire of Appalachian folk ballads— many of which were rooted in "Old World" ballads traceable to the British Isles — brought them to the attention of folk music enthusiasts during the American folk music revival of the 1960s. Wallin family members have recorded numerous times over a period of nearly four decades, and have appeared in several independent documentaries.

text:
# Wallin Family

The **Wallin Family** is an American family of traditional ballad singers from Madison County, North Carolina. Their repertoire of Appalachian folk ballads many of which were rooted in "Old World" ballads traceable to the British Isles (such as the Child Ballads)  brought them to the attention of folk music enthusiasts during the American folk music revival of the 1960s. Wallin family members have recorded numerous times over a period of nearly four decades, and have appeared in several independent documentaries.

## Family members and lineage

Members of the Wallin family are either descendants of or married to descendants of Hugh Wallin (18291864), a Union Army recruiter assassinated by Confederate soldiers during the U.S. Civil War. Among the children of Hugh and his wife, Rosannah, were sons **Mitchell Wallin** (18541932) and Thomas Jefferson "Tom" Wallin (18571948). After Hugh's death, Rosannah married John Bullman, and their children included daughter **Mary Bullman Sands** (18721949). Children of Thomas Jefferson Wallin included **Robert Lee Wallin** (18891973), **Chappel Wallin** (18981984), **Jeter Wallin** (18991985) and **Cas Wallin** (19031992). Robert Lee (usually listed as simply "Lee Wallin"; 1889-1973) and his wife **Berzilla** (*née* Chandler; 1892-1986) had more than 10 children, including **Martin Douglas "Doug" Wallin** (30 July 191915 March 2000) and **Jack Wallin** (7 May 19323 January 2005). Berzilla was the sister of ballad singers Lloyd Chandler and Dellie Chandler Norton, and a cousin of Dillard Chandler.

## Cecil Sharp visit

In the latter years of World War I, British folklorist Cecil Sharp and his assistant Maud Karpeles traveled extensively across Central and Southern Appalachia in hopes of finding British ballads that had been passed down to the inhabitants of the more remote parts of the region from their British ancestors. One of the first places they visited was Madison County, where they arrived in late July 1916. Sharp met Mary Sands on July 31, and over the next few days collected 25 ballads from her, including "The Silkmerchant's Daughter," "Earl Brand," "The Daemon Lover," and "Sheffield Apprentice." On August 4, Sharp met Sands's half-brother, Mitchell Wallin, who gave Sharp ballads such as "Betsy" and "Early, Early in the Spring" and the fiddle tune "High March." Over subsequent weeks, Sharp collected dozens of ballads from the Wallins' neighbors, namely the Shelton, Gosnell, and Chandler families.

Sharp described Mitchell Wallin as a "bad singer" and a difficult fiddler to notate due to his penchant for improvisation, but considered his visit to Wallin and Sands "fruitful." Years later, Berzilla Wallin said many residents of Madison County were initially suspicious of Sharp, believing that his purpose in the area was to secretly map the region for the construction of a dam and reservoir (and thus require the evictions of hundreds of residents). Others thought Sharp was a German spy. Doug Wallin later said that his grandfather, Tom Wallin who had become a devout Baptist and disapproved of singing any songs other than hymns threatened to disown family members if they performed for Sharp. In spite of local skepticism, Madison County proved to be one of the more ballad-rich areas Sharp visited.

## American folk music revival

Around 1960, folk music enthusiasts Peter and Polly Gott moved to Madison County. They quickly met Lee Wallin, who played the banjo regularly at local events, and Lee introduced them to his relatives. In August 1963, Gott and folk musician John Cohen recorded Lee, Cas, Berzilla and several relatives for the album *Old Love Songs and Ballads*, which was released by Folkways Records the following year. Cohen made subsequent field recordings of Wallin family members and their cousin, Dillard Chandler, in 1965 and 1967, many of which were released by Smithsonian Folkways on the 2005 album *Dark Holler: Old Love Songs and Ballads*. Dillard Chandler was the subject of Cohen's 1973 documentary, *The End of an Old Song*. In the early 1980s, folklorist Mike Yates traveled to Madison County and made several field recordings of Cas Wallin and his wife, Virginia ("Vergie"), as well as Berzilla Wallin. In most recordings, the Wallins sing alone and unaccompanied, although a fiddle is occasionally used for embellishment.

In 1990, Doug Wallin was awarded a National Heritage Fellowship by the National Endowment for the Arts which is the United States government's highest honor in the folk and traditional arts. In 1992 and 1993, he and his brother, Jack, recorded several tracks for the North Carolina Arts Council that were released by Smithsonian Folkways on the album *Family Songs and Stories from the North Carolina Mountains*.


title: Nganasania

abstract:
Nganasania is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Cryptophagidae. The species of this genus are found in Russia. Species:
  - Nganasania khetica Zherikhin, 1977
  - Nganasania taymyrica Lyubarsky & Perkovsky, 2014

text:
# Nganasania

***Nganasania*** is a genus of beetles belonging to the family Cryptophagidae.

The species of this genus are found in Russia.

Species:

## InfoBox

| *Nganasania* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cryptophagidae |
| Genus: | *Nganasania*<br>Zherikhin, 1977 |
|


title: God of River Lok

abstract: God of River Lok is a Hong Kong television series produced by TVB. Set in the Three Kingdoms period, the story is about the romance between Zhen Fu and Cao Zhi. The series has seven episodes, each roughly 60 minutes long. It was first aired in Hong Kong on TVB Jade on 30 March 1975.

text:
# God of River Lok

***God of River Lok*** is a Hong Kong television series produced by TVB. Set in the Three Kingdoms period, the story is about the romance between Zhen Fu (Cantonese: Yan Fuk) and Cao Zhi (Cantonese: Cho Chik). The series has seven episodes, each roughly 60 minutes long. It was first aired in Hong Kong on TVB Jade on 30 March 1975.

## Cast

*Note: Some of the characters' names are in Cantonese romanisation.*

## InfoBox

| *God of River Lok* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Chinese | 洛神 |
|
| Hanyu Pinyin | Luò Shén |
| Jyutping | Lok3 San4 |
|  | |
|  | |
| Genre | Costume drama |
| Screenplay by | Yu Lap-kong |
| Directed by | Chung King-fai |
| Starring | Miu Kam-fung
Adam Cheng
Leung Tin
Chan Yau-hau
Wong Man-lei |
| Theme music composer | Kong Nam
Kong Hoi |
| Country of origin | Hong Kong |
| Original language | Cantonese |
| No. of episodes | 7 |
| Production | |
| Executive producer | Chung King-fai |
| Production location | Hong Kong |
| Running time | 60 minutes per episode |
| Production company | TVB |
| Original release | |
| Network | TVB Jade |
| Release | 30 March 1975 (1975-03-30) |


title: On My Level

abstract: "On My Level" is a song by American rapper Wiz Khalifa featuring fellow American rapper Too $hort released as the first promotional, and later third official single from the former's third studio album, Rolling Papers (2011). The song was written by the artists alongside producerJim Jonsin and co-producer Danny Morris. It was later sent to urban contemporary radio stations on May 28, 2011. The song debuted, and peaked at number fifty-two on the Billboard Hot 100 and has been certified Platinum by the RIAA.

text:
# On My Level

"**On My Level**" is a song by American rapper Wiz Khalifa featuring fellow American rapper Too $hort released as the first promotional, and later third official single from the former's third studio album, *Rolling Papers* (2011). The song was written by the artists alongside producerJim Jonsin and co-producer Danny Morris. It was later sent to urban contemporary radio stations on May 28, 2011. The song debuted, and peaked at number fifty-two on the *Billboard* Hot 100 and has been certified Platinum by the RIAA.

## Chart performance

The song debuted at number 52 on the *Billboard* Hot 100, then dropped to number 56 before falling off the chart. After being released as an official single, it re-entered at number 79 and remained on the charts for another seven weeks.

## Music video

A music video was released for the song. It had both Wiz Khalifa and Too $hort, and featured cameos by Nipsey Hussle and DJ Drama.

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (2011) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 96 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 52 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 16 |
| US Hot Rap Songs (*Billboard*) | 10 |
| US Rhythmic (*Billboard*) | 38 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2011) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 88 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000* |
| * Sales figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| United States | Feb 22, 2011 | Digital download | Rostrum, Atlantic |
| | May 28, 2011 | Urban contemporary | Rostrum, Atlantic |

## InfoBox

| "On My Level" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Wiz Khalifa featuring Too Short | |
| from the album  *Rolling Papers* | |
| Released | May 28, 2011 (2011-05-28) |
| Genre | Hip hop |
| Length | 4:35 |
| Label | Rostrum, Atlantic |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * Jim Jonsin * Danny Morris (co.) |
| Wiz Khalifa singles chronology | |
| "Roll Up"
(2011) "**On My Level**"
(2011) "Bright Lights Bigger City"
(2011) | |
|  | |
| Too Short singles chronology | |
| "Bitch"
(2010) "**On My Level**"
(2011) "First Date"
(2012) | |
|  | |


title: Italienzug

abstract:
An Italienzug was the expedition undertaken by an elected king of the Romans to be crowned by the pope as the Holy Roman emperor in the City of Rome. Prior to the reforms of Frederick Barbarossa, the kings of the Romans struggled to muster an army for the expedition, for they needed the formal approval of the Reichstag. If such permission was granted, the king had permission to recruit knights for their military service in Italy for 410 days. However, the nobility was generally disinterested and inclined to rather substitute a monetary payment for the service. Therefore, the small force tended to be composed out of mercenaries and high ranking clergymen, reinforced by loyal Italian cities. Occasionally the substitution was not enough; Henry V ended up using his wife Matilda's dowry to fund his Italienzug.
Following Barbarossa's struggles against the Lombard League towards the end of the 12th century, the system was reformed by banning monetary substitution and requiring each prince to contribute a fixed amount of troops for the cause. These troops could be substituted by an amount of money, which was eventually known as the Roman Month.

text:
# Italienzug

An ***Italienzug*** (also known as ***Romfahrt*** or ***Romzug***, Latin ***expeditio italica***) was the expedition undertaken by an elected king of the Romans to be crowned by the pope as the Holy Roman emperor in the City of Rome. Prior to the reforms of Frederick Barbarossa, the kings of the Romans struggled to muster an army for the expedition, for they needed the formal approval of the *Reichstag*. If such permission was granted, the king had permission to recruit knights for their military service in Italy for 410 days.

However, the nobility was generally disinterested and inclined to rather substitute a monetary payment for the service. Therefore, the small force tended to be composed out of mercenaries and high ranking clergymen, reinforced by loyal Italian cities. Occasionally the substitution was not enough; Henry V ended up using his wife Matilda's dowry to fund his *Italienzug*. Following Barbarossa's struggles against the Lombard League towards the end of the 12th century, the system was reformed by banning monetary substitution and requiring each prince to contribute a fixed amount of troops for the cause. These troops could be substituted by an amount of money, which was eventually known as the Roman Month.

## Expeditions


title: Peter Job

abstract: Sir Peter James Denton Job is a British journalist and businessman who was CEO of Reuters from 1991 to 2001. Peter Job was born in Exeter, Devon, to Frederick Job and Marion Pickard Tanner. He was educated at Clifton College and Exeter College, Oxford. He began his career as a journalist with Reuters, first as a reporter then a manager, from 1963 to 1970, working in Paris, New Delhi, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, and Buenos Aires. He was managing director of Reuters Asia 1978–1990, director of Reuters Group 1989–2001, and CEO of Reuters Group from 1991 to 2001. He was knighted in the 2001 Birthday Honours for services to the Information and Media Industry. He married Christine Cobley in 1966, and has a daughter, Laura, and a son, Luke.

text:
# Peter Job

**Sir Peter James Denton Job** (born 13 July 1941) is a British journalist and businessman who was CEO of Reuters from 1991 to 2001.

Peter Job was born in Exeter, Devon, to Frederick Job and Marion Pickard Tanner. He was educated at Clifton College and Exeter College, Oxford. He began his career as a journalist with Reuters, first as a reporter then a manager, from 1963 to 1970, working in Paris, New Delhi, Kuala Lumpur, Jakarta, and Buenos Aires. He was managing director of Reuters Asia 1978–1990, director of Reuters Group 1989–2001, and CEO of Reuters Group from 1991 to 2001.

He was knighted in the 2001 Birthday Honours for services to the Information and Media Industry.

He married Christine Cobley in 1966, and has a daughter, Laura, and a son, Luke.


title: William Grant Stevenson

abstract: William Grant Stevenson, was a Scottish sculptor and portrait painter.

text:
# William Grant Stevenson

**William Grant Stevenson**, RSA (7 March 1849 – 6 May 1919) was a Scottish sculptor and portrait painter.

## Life and work

Stevenson was born in Ratho in Midlothian on 7 March 1849. His elder brother, David Watson Stevenson (1842–1904), was also a sculptor and an elected member of the Royal Scottish Academy.

Stevenson is most famous for his colossal bronze figure of Sir William Wallace, which stands on a high plinth of roughly hewn pink granite overlooking Union Terrace Gardens in Aberdeen. His bronze *Robert Burns* is the centrepiece of the Burns Monument, Kilmarnock, and copies are located in Milwaukee, Wisconsin (N. Prospect Ave.) and Denver, Colorado (City Park).

Stevenson had his studio at 13 Dalry Road and lived nearby at 63 Haymarket Terrace.

His most public work is his contribution of three figures to the Scott Monument on Princes Street in Edinburgh: Caleb Balderstone, Peter Peebles, and The Abbess. The three are somewhat lost within the huge complexity of the building, and its total of 68 figurative statues.

Stevenson also immortalized great figures of his time. One of his subjects was James Carnegie, 9th Earl of Southesk (1827–1905). In the portrayal the Earl is wearing his collar as a Knight of the Order of the Thistle, the highest honour which the monarch can bestow in Scotland. The image is an uncompromising image of a man who was considered a powerful and romantic figure who had travelled the wilds of 19th century Canada.

In his later life Stevenson's studio was at 4 Belford Road near Dean Bridge. He lived at 8 Osborne Terrace.

He published the book *Wee Johnnie Paterson* in 1915.

Stevenson died on 6 May 1919, aged 70. He is buried with his brother, who preceded him in death by fifteen years, in Grange Cemetery in Edinburgh. The stone lies in the south-west section of the original cemetery and carries a bronze portrait of William by Henry Snell Gamley. His wife Jane Dickson (1855–1927) is also buried with him.

A painting of William Grant Stevenson by Charles Martin Hardie is held in the National Gallery of Scotland.

## InfoBox

| William Grant StevensonRSA | |
| --- | --- |
| Statue of Sir William Wallace in Aberdeen with the dome of St Mark's behind | |
| Born | (1849-03-07)7 March 1849
Ratho, Midlothian Scotland |
| Died | 6 May 1919(1919-05-06) (aged 70)
Edinburgh |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Known for | Sculpture, portrait painting |


title: Raaghav Chanana

abstract: Raaghav Chanana is an Indian actor and stage director. Chanana studied Economics at London School of Economics before taking up the acting career. He was cast in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night, directed by Stephen Beresford, and performed for 10 weeks in London's West End. He also played the lead role of Rahim, a singing-dancing hero in a Bollywood style musical, Yeh Hai Mumbai Meri Jaan, directed by Sanjoy Roy, and which toured across the UK, performed at the Belfast Festival at Queen's, Ireland, and at the Esplanade Festival in Singapore. He directed Patrick Marber's Closer and John Donnelly's Bone, and then proceeded to form his own theatre company, Fly On The Wall, under which he produced and directed avant-garde theatre. He has continued working as an actor including with theatre directors Roysten Abel, Sunil Shanbag, Atul Kumar and Rehaan Engineer. He is performing as the NRI American groom in Girish Karnad's Wedding Album, directed by Lilette Dubey. Chanana played the romantic lead in a telefilm produced by Shahrukh Khan's Red Chillies Entertainment, when he won a nationwide acting contest held by MTV. He hosted travel shows and also worked in music videos and commercials. Chanana's English feature film debut was in Lessons in Forgetting. The film won the National Award for Best English Film. Chanana has the series regular role of Prithvi Singhania in the Indian version of the American TV series, 24. The cast of the show received the 2013 Golden Petal Award for Best Ensemble Cast on Indian Television.

text:
# Raaghav Chanana

**Raaghav Chanana** is an Indian actor and stage director. Chanana studied Economics at London School of Economics before taking up the acting career. He was cast in Shakespeare's *Twelfth Night*, directed by Stephen Beresford, and performed for 10 weeks in London's West End. He also played the lead role of Rahim, a singing-dancing hero in a Bollywood style musical, *Yeh Hai Mumbai Meri Jaan (This Is Mumbai, My Dear)*, directed by Sanjoy Roy, and which toured across the UK, performed at the Belfast Festival at Queen's, Ireland, and at the Esplanade Festival in Singapore.

He directed Patrick Marber's *Closer* and John Donnelly's *Bone*, and then proceeded to form his own theatre company, Fly On The Wall, under which he produced and directed avant-garde theatre.

He has continued working as an actor including with theatre directors Roysten Abel, Sunil Shanbag, Atul Kumar and Rehaan Engineer. He is performing as the NRI American groom in Girish Karnad's *Wedding Album*, directed by Lilette Dubey.

Chanana played the romantic lead in a telefilm produced by Shahrukh Khan's Red Chillies Entertainment, when he won a nationwide acting contest held by MTV. He hosted travel shows and also worked in music videos and commercials. Chanana's English feature film debut was in *Lessons in Forgetting*. The film won the National Award for Best English Film.

Chanana has the series regular role of Prithvi Singhania in the Indian version of the American TV series, *24*. The cast of the show received the 2013 Golden Petal Award for Best Ensemble Cast on Indian Television.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Language | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | *Luv Ho Jaane De* | Rick (Romantic Lead) | Hindi | TV movie |
| 2011 | *Zindagi Na Milegi Dobara* | Nikhil | Hindi | Blockbuster Movie Directed by Zoya Akhtar |
| 2011 | *Lessons in Forgetting* | Soman (Lead Antagonist) | English | National Award for Best English Film |
| 2011 | *Among Us* | Abhay (Lead) | English | Short Film |
| 2013 | *Rangrezz* | Joy (Lead Antagonist) | Hindi | Directed by Priyadarshan, Cinematography by Santosh Sivan |
| 2013 | *24 Season 1* | Prithvi Singhania (Lead Ensemble) | Hindi | Award-winning TV Series |
| 2014 | *M Cream* | Niz (Lead Ensemble) | Hindi | Award-winning Independent Film |
| 2015 | *Zubaan* | Surya Kapoor Sikand (Lead Ensemble) | Hindi | Opened Busan Film Festival |
| 2016 | *24 Season 2* | Prithvi Singhania (Lead Ensemble) | Hindi | Award-winning TV Series |

## InfoBox

| Raaghav Chanana | |
| --- | --- |
| Raaghav Chanana in 2013. | |
| Born | Raaghav Chanana
(1983-08-20) 20 August 1983
New Delhi, India |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Height | (5 ft 8 in (1.73 m)) |


title: Rachel Kleinfeld

abstract: Rachel Kleinfeld is an American international relations scholar currently serving as a senior fellow in the Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. She is a member of the National Endowment for Democracy's board of directors and a trustee of Freedom House. Her research centers around democratic governance and political violence.

text:
# Rachel Kleinfeld

**Rachel Kleinfeld** is an American international relations scholar currently serving as a senior fellow in the Democracy, Conflict, and Governance Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. She is a member of the National Endowment for Democracy's board of directors and a trustee of Freedom House. Her research centers around democratic governance and political violence.

## Early life and education

Kleinfeld was born and raised in Alaska. She holds a BA in ethics, politics, and economics from Yale College, as well as a MPhil and DPhil in International Relations from Oxford University. She was a Rhodes Scholar.

## Career

Kleinfeld co-founded the Truman National Security Project in 2005 along with Matthew Spence. She was named one of the 40 under 40 American political leaders by *Time* magazine.

## Publications

### Books

* A Savage Order: How the World's Deadliest Countries Can Forge a Path to Security, *Pantheon***,** November 2018
* Advancing the Rule of Law Abroad: Next Generation Reform, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, April 13, 2012
* Let There Be Light: Electrifying the Developing World with Markets and Distributed Energy, *Truman National Security Institute***,** December 2011 (co-authored with Drew Sloan)

### Articles

* The Rising Tide of Political Violence, *Foreign Affairs*, July 19, 2024
* There won't be another Jan. 6 now, no matter what happens to Trump, *The Hill*, February 9, 2024 (co-authored with Jared Holt)
* Have pro-Trump extremists finally gotten the message about political violence? *The Hill*, June 19, 2023 (co-authored with Joanna Lydgate)
* How Political Violence Went Mainstream on the Right, *Politico,* November 7, 2022
* The Rise of Political Violence in the United States, *Journal of Democracy*, October 2021

* Rachel Kleinfeld, A path to security for the world's deadliest countries, *TED*, July 2019

## InfoBox

| Rachel Kleinfeld | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | Yale College (BA), University of Oxford (MPhil, DPhil) |
| Employer | Carnegie Endowment for International Peace |
| Board member of | National Endowment for Democracy, Freedom House |
| Website | rachelkleinfeld.com |


title: Mendoza Open

abstract: The Mendoza Open, or the Western Open, was a golf tournament on the TPG Tour, the official professional golf tour in Argentina. Founded in 1939, the first two events were held at the Andino Golf Club in Mendoza, Mendoza Province. The tournament was not played again until 1956, when it was held at the Club de Campo Golf Club in Mendoza, where it has remained except for 1993 and 2009, when the tournament was again played at Andino. In 2010 was played The YPF Classic in Golf Club Andino.

text:
# Mendoza Open

The **Mendoza Open**, or the **Western Open**, was a golf tournament on the TPG Tour, the official professional golf tour in Argentina. Founded in 1939, the first two events were held at the Andino Golf Club in Mendoza, Mendoza Province. The tournament was not played again until 1956, when it was held at the Club de Campo Golf Club in Mendoza, where it has remained except for 1993 and 2009, when the tournament was again played at Andino. In 2010 was played The YPF Classic in Golf Club Andino.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Runner-up |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | Mauricio Molina | Rodolfo Gonzalez, Felix Cordoba |
| 2009 | Sebastián Fernández | Martin Monguzzi, Gustavo Acosta |
| 2008 | *No tournament* | |
| 2007 | Rafael Echenique | Rubén Alvarez |
| 2000–06 | *No tournament* | |
| 1999 | Mauricio Molina |  |
| 1995–98 | *No tournament* | |
| 1994 | José Cóceres |  |
| 1993 | Armando Saavedra |  |
| 1992 | Antonio Ortiz |  |
| 1991 | Raúl Fretes |  |
| 1980–90 | *No tournament* | |
| 1979 | Raul Travieso |  |
| 1978 |  |  |
| 1977 |  |  |
| 1976 | Fidel de Luca |  |
| 1958–75 | *No tournament* | |
| 1957 | Antonio Cerdá |  |
| 1956 | Antonio Cerdá
Fidel de Luca
Romulado Barbieri | (tie) |
| 1942–55 | *No tournament* | |
| 1941 | Marcos Churio |  |
| 1940 | Carlos Blasi |  |
| 1939 | Carlos Blasi |  |


title: Nick Castro

abstract: Nick Castro is a folk, psychedelic folk, traditional and experimental musician and member of the Young Elders.

text:
# Nick Castro

**Nick Castro** is a folk, psychedelic folk, traditional and experimental musician and member of the Young Elders.

## Overview

Nick Castro was raised in California. His musical training started early although much of his accomplishment was self-taught.

Nick Castro has had three periods now of his brand of acoustic-based musics. Firstly as a solo artist, then with recording ensemble The Poison Tree and currently with touring band The Young Elders. He has toured internationally and recorded with many of the young folk bands which have emerged in the last decades.

Castro has toured, played and collaborated with Feathers and many others.

Nick Castro is also a San Francisco photographer of street life.

## Discography

### Albums and EPs

| Year | Title | Format, Special Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2004 | *S/T* | CD & LP |
| 2005 | *Further From Grace* | CD & LP |
| 2006 | *Come Into Our House* | CD & LP |
| 2007 | *A Day Without Disaster* | LP |
| 2008 | *A Day Without Disaster* | CD |

## InfoBox

| Nick Castro | |
| --- | --- |
| Genres | Folk |
| Years active | 2002–present |
| Labels | Strange Attractors Audio House, Eclipse Records, Daffodelic |
|  | |
| Members | Nick Castro |


title: God of Revival

abstract: "God of Revival" is a song by Bethel Music, Brian Johnson and Jenn Johnson, which was released as the lead single from Bethel Music's twelfth live album, Revival's in the Air (2020), on February 7, 2020. The song was written by Brian Johnson and Phil Wickham. Brian Johnson also collaborated on the production of the single with Joel Taylor. "God of Revival" peaked at number 22 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart.

text:
# God of Revival

"**God of Revival**" is a song by Bethel Music, Brian Johnson and Jenn Johnson, which was released as the lead single from Bethel Music's twelfth live album, *Revival's in the Air* (2020), on February 7, 2020. The song was written by Brian Johnson and Phil Wickham. Brian Johnson also collaborated on the production of the single with Joel Taylor.

"God of Revival" peaked at number 22 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart.

## Background

On February 3, 2020, Bethel Music announced that "God of Revival" will be released on February 7, 2020, as the lead single to their album of the same name, revealing the cover artwork, and availing the song for pre-save on Spotify. The live version of the song was recorded at Bethel Church, featuring Brian and Jenn Johnson as worship leaders, was released on February 7, with Bethel also announcing that the album will be released later in the year.

Bethel Music released a song story video, in which Brian Johnson was on a video-call with Phil Wickham, a co-writer on "God of Revival". They spoke about the heart and message behind the song, as well as the impact of the live recording on Wickham when he had heard for the first time, with Wickham sharing that he had received the recording while on a run and stopped on a sidewalk as the bridge began with "Come awaken," and started to cry.

On December 22, 2020, Bethel Music had announced via Daily Play MPE that "God of Revival" would be slated to impact Christian radio on February 5, 2021.

## Composition

"God of Revival" is composed in the key of D♭ with a moderate rock tempo of 72 beats per minute and a musical time signature of **4**
**4**.

## Commercial performance

"God of Revival" debuted at number 31 on the US Hot Christian Songs chart dated February 22, 2021, concurrently charting at No. 5 on the Christian Digital Song Sales chart. It went on to peak at number 22 on the chart, and spent a total of twenty-four non-consecutive weeks on Hot Christian Songs Chart.

## Music videos

Bethel Music released the live music video of "God of Revival" with Brian and Jenn Johnson leading the song during the WorshipU 2019 conference held at Bethel Church through their YouTube channel on February 7, 2020. Bethel Music then released another live music video recorded at Heaven Come conference featuring Brian and Jenn Johnson leading the song in worship alongside Phil Wickham.

## Track listing

"God of Revival" (Live)
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "God of Revival" (Live) |  | 8:34 |

"God of Revival" (Studio Version)
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "God of Revival" (Studio Version) | 4:01 |

## Charts

| Chart (2020-21) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Christian Songs (*Billboard*) | 22 |
| US Christian Airplay (*Billboard*) | 17 |
| US Christian AC (*Billboard*) | 26 |

## Release history

| Region | Date | Version | Format | Label | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Various | February 7, 2020 | Live |  | Bethel Music |  |
| | January 1, 2021 | Studio | | |  |
| United States | | February 5, 2021 | Christian radio | |  |

## Other versions

## InfoBox

| "God of Revival" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Bethel Music, Brian Johnson and Jenn Johnson | |
| from the album  *Revival's in the Air* | |
| Released | February 7, 2020 (2020-02-07) |
| Recorded | 2019 |
| Venue | Bethel Church, Redding, California, U.S. |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 8:34 |
| Label | Bethel Music |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * Brian Johnson * Joel Taylor |
| Bethel Music singles chronology | |
| "Goodness of God"
(2019) "**God of Revival**"
(2020) "We Praise You"
(2020) | |
|  | |
| Brian Johnson singles chronology | |
| "Have It All"
(2016) "**God of Revival**"
(2020) | |
| Jenn Johnson singles chronology | |
| "Famous For (I Believe)"
(2020) "**God of Revival**"
(2020) "Joy Invincible"
(2020) | |
| Studio version | |
|  | |
| Studio version | |
|  | |
| Music videos | |
| "God of Revival" (Live) on YouTube | |
| "God of Revival" (featuring Phil Wickham; Live) on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: On My Knees (The 411 song)

abstract: "On My Knees" is the debut single of British R&B girl group the 411, released on 17 May 2004 and included on their first album, Between the Sheets (2004). The song samples "Ain't My Style" by the Main Ingredient and features guest vocals from American rapper Ghostface Killah. On the UK Singles Chart, the song reached number four and spent 10 weeks in the UK top 75. It also charted in nine other countries in Europe and Australia.

text:
# On My Knees (The 411 song)

"**On My Knees**" is the debut single of British R&B girl group the 411, released on 17 May 2004 and included on their first album, *Between the Sheets* (2004). The song samples "Ain't My Style" by the Main Ingredient and features guest vocals from American rapper Ghostface Killah. On the UK Singles Chart, the song reached number four and spent 10 weeks in the UK top 75. It also charted in nine other countries in Europe and Australia.

## Background

Band member Suzie Furlonger said: "It's basically about a girl who's in a relationship with someone that she knew was wrong for her at the time but allowed it anyway. He doesn't treat her well. It's her turning round to him and saying "that's it! I don't have to put up with this anymore". It's not a man-hating song - just a "don't put up with being treated badly" song." Bandmate Tisha Martin added, "Yeah, don't get us wrong - a lot of people think that we're men bashing but were not - we do like the guys!"

## Track listings

Digital download
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "On My Knees" (radio version) (featuring Ghostface Killah) | 3:07 |
| 2. | "On My Knees" (radio version no rap) | 2:55 |

German maxi-CD single
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "On My Knees" (featuring Ghostface Killah) | 3:38 |
| 2. | "On My Knees" (w/o Ghostface Killah) | 3:28 |
| 3. | "On My Knees" (Kardinal Beats remix) | 4:09 |
| 4. | "On My Knees" (Blacksmith 12-inch remix) | 4:02 |
| 5. | "On My Knees" (Blacksmith instrumental) | 4:02 |

## Charts

## Release history

Release dates and formats for "On My Knees"
| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| United Kingdom | 17 May 2004 | * 12-inch vinyl * CD |  |  |
| Australia | 28 June 2004 | | CD |  |

## InfoBox

| "On My Knees" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by the 411 featuring Ghostface Killah | |
| from the album  *Between the Sheets* | |
| Released | 17 May 2004 (2004-05-17) |
| Length | * 3:38 (album version) * 3:07 (single version) |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * Fitzgerald Scott * Kookie |
| The 411 singles chronology | |
| "**On My Knees**"
(2004) "Dumb"
(2004) | |
|  | |
| Ghostface Killah singles chronology | |
| "Tush"
(2004) "**On My Knees**"
(2004) "Milk Em'"
(2005) | |
| Music video | |
| "On My Knees" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Girls²

abstract: Yuzuha Oda Girls⁲ is a Japanese idol girl group formed by LDH in 2019. The group consist of EXPG Studio graduates who starred in Takashi Miike's Girls × Heroine series. The group debuted in June 2019 with the release of their first single, "Daijyoubu."

text:
# Girls²

**Girls2** (pronounced "Girls Girls") is a Japanese idol girl group formed by LDH in 2019. The group consist of EXPG Studio graduates who starred in Takashi Miike's *Girls × Heroine* series. The group debuted in June 2019 with the release of their first single, "Daijyoubu."

## History

### Pre-debut: *Girls × Heroine* series

In December 2015, Yuzuha Oda, previously a member of the idol girl group Amorecarina, participated in the TV Girls Drama Audition held by *Ciao*, *Pucchigumi*, and LDH, winning a starring role in the 2017 series *Idol × Warrior Miracle Tunes!* as Fuka Tachibana, a member of the girl group Miracle2. Oda performed and portrayed her character on television and music events with the rest of the Miracle2 members. When *Idol × Warrior Miracle Tunes!* became successful, LDH held the TV Girls Drama Audition in summer 2017 for the next installment of the series, *Magical × Heroine Magimajo Pures!*, which Momoka Sumitani, Misaki Tsuruya, Youka Ogawa, and Kurea Masuda had won starring roles as Rin Shirayuki, Mitsuki Hanamori, Shiori Hoshina, and Yuria Nijiiro. They released music for the series under the group name Magical2, portraying their characters on television.

### 2019: Debut

After the musical success of Miracle2 and Magical2, LDH debuted all previous members signed to their company as a supergroup named Girls2, along with cast members from the newly announced 2019 series *Secret × Heroine Phantomirage!*, Minami Hishida, Kira Yamaguchi, and Toa Harada, winners in the actress category of the 2018 LDH The Girls Audition and members of the girl group mirage2. Prior to entering acting, Sumitani, Ogawa, Masuda, and Yamaguchi were part of EXPG's U-14 female trainee group, Kizzy.

Approximately 2,000 people attended their debut showcase in Osaka. As a group, Girls2 released their debut single, "Daijyoubu", on June 26, 2019, as the opening theme song for *Secret × Heroine Phantomirage!* On July 6, 2019, Ran Ishii, a new cast member *Secret × Heroine Phantomirage!* and their tie-in group, Mirage2, was added as a member. She made her official debut with the group on October 30, 2019, with their first mini-album *Koisuru Kamo*.

Girls2 have collaborated with popular sports brand FILA and the kids streetwear TEG TEG.

Girls2 placed 3rd on Mercari's rank of 2019's most "trendiest word" and Ran Ishii ranked 20th on the second half of 2019 TV Appearance Ranking.

In December 2019, Girls2 announced they will be performing the theme song, "ABCDEF Girl", for the film *Gekijōban: Secret × Heroine Phantomirage!: Eiga ni Natte Chōdaishimasu*. Their song "Guru Guru" was also used as the theme song for 2020 film *Eiga: Neko Neko Nihonshi: Ryūma no Hachamecha Time Trouble ze yo!*

### 2020: First tour, documentary, and anime series

On November 17, 2019, Girls2 announced their first Live Tour "Girls2 LIVE TOUR ~Chuwapane~" that would run in 8 towns starting from March 7 until June 28, 2020. They were also the opening act for E-girls PERFECT LIVE 2011 2020. To commemorate the tour, a Girls2 cafe was announced to run from March 20 to April 6. A documentary titled *Girls2: The Miracle of 9* aired on TV Tokyo on March 22 and March 29.

On March 3, 2020, *Oha Suta* announced they will be featuring a series of animated segments starring the members and titled GARUGAKU. Saint Girls Square Academy. It began airing on April 6 every Monday with Girls2 voicing their own characters, as well as providing the opening theme, "Centimeter". On March 6, 2020, Girls2 were announced to be performing the theme song to the live-action film adaptation of *Kiss Him, Not Me*, titled "Watashi ga Motete Dōsunda."

For the entire month of March, a project named "*Ten Made Todoke*" was held where a series of 10 announcements were to be released (later adding additional news). Announcements included Girls2 appearance on *Numa ni Hamatte Kiite Mita*, Mirage2 best album, Girls2 to provide ED theme "Zuttomo Heart Beats" for Go Astro Boy Go! and many more. Due to the coronavirus and music stores closing down, the release for their 2nd mini-album "Chuwapane", which was originally scheduled or April 29, was postponed to May 20.

Tsuruya and Yamaguchi were announced to become the newest regulars for the BS Fuji morning show "Gachamuku", where they replaced E-girls Yuzuna Takebe and Anna Ishii. Their broadcast began in July.

After the completion of Phantomirage, it was revealed that Girls2 would also provide the opening theme for *Police × Heroine Lovepatrina!* titled "Daiji na Mono" featuring the lovely2 members. Their 2nd EP is to be released on November 18. Another Online Live was also announced for November 15.

On September 24, a new project "Asadan" was announced, where Girls2 would appear on the program "Asadesu." with dance exercise instructors Keiji (Keiji Kuroki) and Bobby (Exile Nesmith). The theme song "Dancing" was released digitally on October 1 with Keiji and Bobby as features.

Two new songs were announced on October 6 and will be used as the opening and ending themes for the anime Meow Meow Japanese History. "Japanese STAR" and "Neko Neko Nihonshi Oboe Uta ~Zen Jidai Maruwakari♪~" was released digitally on October 7.

Girls2 digitally released "#Kizuna Plus" on October 14 which will be used as the first image song for Takeshita Street, Harajuku. Their song "HERE WE GO" will also be used as the "WEGO×Girls2 2020 Collaboration Song", with their collaboration outfits available from November 18. They performed both songs on "TGC Teens 2020 Winter Live" on November 13. Another documentary, *Girls2 REVOLUTION*, is set to be released through their YouTube channel on January 2, 2021, for 24 episodes.

### 2021: AnimeLIVE, Girls Revolution and Drama

On December 23, 2020, it was revealed on Oha Suta that Girls2 are to provide the theme song "STARRRT!" for the film *Gekijōban Police x Heroine Lovepatrina! Kaitō kara no Chōsen! Love de Papatto Taihoseyo!*, which is to be released on April 29, 2021. On March 1, all 9 Girls2 members were announced to be cast, starring as their Heroine roles.

Girls2 1st LIVE PICTUREBOOK "*Kyunin no Kizuna*" was released on February 25, 2021.

The GaruGaku AnimeLIVE 2021 ~Tsunagu Tsunagu~ took place on March 27 and 28 where on the 2nd day, announced that a Garugaku live action drama would release summer 2021 on TV Tokyo. It was further revealed that they would provide the theme song with Oha Suta host, Subaru Kimura, would feature.

On May 31, 2021, Masuda was revealed as one of the regular casts for the 5th instalment of the Girls x Heroine series Kirameki Powers, playing the role of Princess. On March 31, 2023, Ishii announced that she was leaving the group to focus on a different direction in her career as a singer.

## Subgroups

### Oha Girl from Girls2

Beginning April 2019, Oda, Sumitani, Tsuruya, Ogawa, and Masuda became regulars on the children's variety show *Oha Suta* as the new Oha Girls, performing under the name Oha Girl from Girls2 with each member appearing on a different day from Mondays to Fridays. Every school semester, the girls provide a new theme song for the show as well as a different sports uniform. Oha Girl from Girls2 released their debut single, "Hashire! Getsu-Ka-Sui-Moku-Kinyōbi!" on August 7, 2019. On December 18, 2019, Oha Girl from Girls2 released their second single, "Ohayō no Smile." The CD single also includes the song "Friendship No. 1" performed by Tsuruya and Masuda under the name Misaki Kurea from Girls2, which was used as the ending theme song to *Puzzle & Dragons X* for the month of October. Their 3rd single, for the 3rd school semester, "Girl Meets Girl", was released on February 19, 2020.

Announced through OhaSuta on March 27, 2020, the four Mirage2 members joined the OhaGirls, making all 9 Girls2 members part of the OhaSuta cast. The girls were also included in the Oha Suta All Stars Single "Ashita wo Tsukurou".

The senior Oha Girls: Yuzuha, Momoka, Misaki, Youka and Kurea, graduated from the group in March 2021.

### GaruGaku Units

With the announcement of the Girls2 anime, *GARUGAKU. Saint Girls Square Academy*, 3 sub-units exclusive to the anime were also announced. These included, east2 (Yuzuha and Ran), south2 (Misaki, Kurea, Kira and Youka) and west2 (Momoka and Minami). Toa later joins east2. Each unit song is used as an ending for the anime. For Ciao Fest Online, a special medley of the GaruGaku songs were performed. As well as this, the ending themes for the anime were also used as the theme songs for "Ohasuta".

On December 1, Girls2 announced they will hold another collaboration with Takeshita Street, but with GaruGaku called "Girls2×GaruGaku＝Happy2Winter2020 Takeshita Street". The song used was South2's newest song *Holy Magic ~Otona ni Natte mo Tokenai Mahou~*.

On January 24, 2021, via OhaSuta, the GaruGaku. Complete Best album and AnimeLIVE 2021 was announced.

## Members

### Current members

* Yuzuha Oda (小田 柚葉) from Miracle2
* Momoka Sumitani (隅谷 百花) from Magical2
* Misaki Tsuruya (鶴屋 美咲) from Magical2 – leader
* Youka Ogawa (小川 桜花) from Magical2
* Kurea Masuda (増田 來亜) from Magical2
* Minami Hishida (菱田 未渚美) from Mirage2
* Kira Yamaguchi (山口 綺羅) from Mirage2
* Toa Harada (原田 都愛) from Mirage2

### Former members

* Ran Ishii (石井 蘭) from Mirage2 (20192023)

## Discography

### Singles

| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | | Sales | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN | JPN
Hot | | |
| "Daijyoubu" (ダイジョウブ) | 2019 | 3 | 29 |  | TBA |
| "Watashi ga Motete Dousunda" (私がモテてどうすんだ) | 2020 | 8 | TBA | TBA | TBA |
| | "Daiji na Mono (大事なモノ) / "Kizuna Plus" (＃キズナプラス) | 5 | TBA | TBA | TBA |
| "Japanese STAR" | 2021 | 19 | TBA | TBA | TBA |
| | "Girls Revolution / Party Time!" | TBA | TBA | TBA | TBA |
| **As Oha Girl from Girls2** | | | | | |
| "Hashire! Getsu-Ka-Sui-Moku-Kinyōbi" (走れ!月火水木金曜日!) | 2019 | 11 |  |  | TBA |
| | "Ohayō no Smile" (おはようのスマイル) | 7 | TBA | TBA | TBA |
| "Girl Meets Girl" | 2020 | 17 | TBA | TBA | TBA |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region. | | | | | |

### Extended plays

| Title | Year | Album details | Peak chart positions | | Sales |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | JPN | JPN
Hot | |
| *Koisuru Kamo* (恋するカモ) | 2019 |  | 6 | TBA |  |
| *Chuwapane!* (チュワパネ！) | 2020 | * Released: May 20, 2020 * Label: Sony Music Associated Records * Formats: CD, digital download | 3 | 3 |  |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region. | | | | | |

### Compilation albums

| Title | Year | Album details | Peak chart positions | | Sales |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | JPN | JPN
Hot | |
| *TV Anime "GaruGaku: St. Girls Square Academy" Complete Best* (TVアニメ『ガル学。～聖ガールズスクエア学院～』コンプリート・ベスト) | 2021 |  | TBA | TBA | TBA |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that region. | | | | | |

## Filmography

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Network | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2019–present | *Oha Suta* | Oha Girls from Girls2 | TV Tokyo | Variety show regulars: Toa (Monday), Kira (Tuesday), Ran (Thursday) and Minami (Wednesday and Friday). Former Oha Girls Yuzuha, Momoka, Misaki, Youka and Kurea from 2019 to 2021. |
| 2020 | *Girls2: The Miracle of 9* (Girls2 ～９人のキセキ～) | Themselves | TV Tokyo | Documentary |
| 2020–2021 | *GaruGaku: Saint Girls Square Academy* | Themselves | TV Tokyo | Voice in anime; segments aired in *Oha Suta* |
| 2020–present | *Gachamuku* (ガチャムク) | Themselves | BS Fuji | Regulars: Misaki Tsuruya and Kira Yamaguchi |
| 2020 | **Asadesu.** (アサデス。) | Themselves | KBC | Regulars: Misaki Tsuruya, Kurea Masuda, Kira Yamaguchi and Youka Ogawa |
| 2021 | *GaruGaku* | Themselves | TV Tokyo | Live action drama |
|

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | *Kiss Him, Not Me* | Cameo | Misaki Tsuruya, Youka Ogawa, Kurea Masuda, Kira Yamaguchi, and Ran Ishii |
|

## InfoBox

| Girls2 | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Japan |
| Genres | J-pop |
| Years active | 2019–present |
| Labels | Sony Music Associated Records **·** LDH |
|  | |
| Members | * Yuzuha Oda * Momoka Sumitani * Misaki Tsuruya * Youka Ogawa * Kurea Masuda * Minami Hishida * Kira Yamaguchi * Toa Harada |
|  | |
| Past members | * Ran Ishii |
|  | |
| Website | Official website |


title: Petronelów

abstract: Petronelów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Buczek, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Buczek, 12 km (7 mi) south of Łask, and 40 km (25 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

text:
# Petronelów

**Petronelów** \[pɛtrɔˈnɛluf\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Buczek, within Łask County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Buczek, 12 km (7 mi) south of Łask, and 40 km (25 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

## InfoBox

| Petronelów | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Petronelów | |
| Coordinates: 51°29′N 19°9′E / 51.483°N 19.150°E / 51.483; 19.150 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Łask |
| Gmina | Buczek |


title: William Grant Seaman

abstract: William Grant Seaman was a notable Methodist Episcopal minister, academic, and leader in "civic and social causes," including the City Methodist Church in Gary, Indiana.

text:
# William Grant Seaman

**William Grant Seaman** (November 2, 1866 – April 7, 1942) was a notable Methodist Episcopal minister, academic, and leader in "civic and social causes," including the City Methodist Church in Gary, Indiana.

## Early life and education

He was born in Wakarusa, Indiana to Joseph Washington Seaman and Sarah Margaret Uline. He studied at Fort Wayne Methodist Academy and graduated from Depauw University in 1891, and was a member of Beta Theta Pi and Phi Beta Kappa. He earned a PhD from Boston University in 1897. He was given a D.D. degree from Depauw in 1918.

## Career

He sang in the Depauw Male Quartet before being ordained as a Methodist minister in Anderson, Indiana. He was minister in Sudbury, Massachusetts from 1893-1898, State Street M.E. Church in Springfield, Massachusetts from 1898-1900, and Wesley Church in Salem, Massachusetts from 1900-1904. He was a chair of Philosophy at Depauw University from 1904-1912 before becoming president of Dakota Wesleyan University in the latter year.

Beginning in 1916, he was the minister of the City Methodist Church in Gary, Indiana. He led an effort to build a large new church, the largest Methodist church in the midwest, largely through donations from U.S. Steel. He was transferred to Ohio, and died in a car accident in 1944. His ashes were eventually interred in the City Methodist Church.

## Family life

He married **Laura Owen Rice** in Newton, Massachusetts on June 28, 1907. She was the daughter of The Rev. Dr. Charles Francis Rice and Miriam Owen Rice. She was born in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1876, attended Cambridge Rindge and Latin School and Vassar College, where she elected to Phi Beta Kappa. She was director of the Springfield YMCA from 1900-1904. She was a member of the Associated Alumnae of Vassar College, National Child Labor Committee, the Edmund Rice (1638) Association, the Greencastle Women's Club, the Greencastle Art Club, the Springfield, MA College Club.

Their children were Miriam Seaman (b. 1908), William Rice Seaman (b. 1909), and Charles Francis Seaman (b. 1912).

## InfoBox

| William Grant Seaman | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1866-11-02)2 November 1866
Wakarusa, Indiana |
| Died | April 7, 1942(1942-04-07) (aged 75)
Ohio |
| Nationality | American |
| Spouse | Laura Owen Rice (1876-1944) |
| Children | 3 |


title: RF-8

abstract: The RF-8, or GAZ-98, was an aerosan used by the Soviet Union during the Second World War and developed by Gorki Narkorechflota. The GAZ-98K was a version with a more powerful GAZ Shvetsov M-11 five-cylinder air-cooled 110-hp radial aviation engine in place of the standard automotive engine. The Aerosan, which is Russian for "aero-sleigh" or propeller driven sleigh, was military vehicle that was used operationally in snowbound winter regions of Northern Europe by several nations during the first half of the 20th century; however it was Russia that made the most use of these specialised winter combat vehicles. The vehicles operated very successfully in these snowbound isolated areas with their poor road infrastructures, where tracked and wheeled vehicles were restricted by heavy snowfalls. These aerosans were organised into both combat aerosled battalions (BASB) and transport aerosled battalions (TASB). The RF-8 was one such vehicle. Its design name was River Fleet 8 and was built by The Gorkiy Automobile Factory under the name GAZ-98, it soon acquired the commonly used designation RF-8-GAZ-98. This diminutive vehicle entered service in January 1942 and it is thought approximately 2000 were built throughout the war period. It was constructed of aviation plywood and if like other aerosans was screwed and glued to a wooden frame. The vehicle sat on four wooden skis mounted on sprung suspension, and was powered by the same engine used in the GAZ-MM 4×2 truck, driving a two bladed 2.35m diameter rear mounted metal propeller. Compared to other aerosans of the time, the engine was comparatively low down giving it a low centre of gravity and therefore it was quite stable at speed, and the metal propeller fared better in wooded areas where it was less prone to damage from trees and light undergrowth. The crew compartment was typical of aviation design; a two-man crew sat in tandem; the driver at the rear and the commander/gunner at the front, who was armed with a ring mounted 7.62 mm DT machine gun, allowing 300° of traverse. The RF-8-GAZ-98 was fast, stable effective; and was perfect for reconnaissance, communication, patrolling and raiding roles especially in support of ski troops; often operating behind enemy lines. In the winter of 1942/43 a large number were fitted with aircraft radial engines and designated (RF-8) GAZ-98K. The RF-8 operated into the 1950s with the Soviet border guards.

text:
# RF-8

The **RF-8**, or GAZ-98, was an aerosan used by the Soviet Union during the Second World War and developed by Gorki Narkorechflota. The GAZ-98K was a version with a more powerful GAZ Shvetsov M-11 five-cylinder air-cooled 110-hp radial aviation engine in place of the standard automotive engine.

The Aerosan, which is Russian for "aero-sleigh" or propeller driven sleigh, was military vehicle that was used operationally in snowbound winter regions of Northern Europe by several nations during the first half of the 20th century; however it was Russia that made the most use of these specialised winter combat vehicles. The vehicles operated very successfully in these snowbound isolated areas with their poor road infrastructures, where tracked and wheeled vehicles were restricted by heavy snowfalls. These aerosans were organised into both combat aerosled battalions (BASB) and transport aerosled battalions (TASB).

The RF-8 was one such vehicle. Its design name was River Fleet 8 and was built by The Gorkiy Automobile Factory under the name GAZ-98, it soon acquired the commonly used designation RF-8-GAZ-98. This diminutive vehicle entered service in January 1942 and it is thought approximately 2000 were built throughout the war period.

It was constructed of aviation plywood and if like other aerosans was screwed and glued to a wooden frame. The vehicle sat on four wooden skis mounted on sprung suspension, and was powered by the same engine used in the GAZ-MM 4×2 truck, driving a two bladed 2.35m diameter rear mounted metal propeller. Compared to other aerosans of the time, the engine was comparatively low down giving it a low centre of gravity and therefore it was quite stable at speed, and the metal propeller fared better in wooded areas where it was less prone to damage from trees and light undergrowth. The crew compartment was typical of aviation design; a two-man crew sat in tandem; the driver at the rear and the commander/gunner at the front, who was armed with a ring mounted 7.62 mm DT machine gun, allowing 300° of traverse.

The RF-8-GAZ-98 was fast, stable effective; and was perfect for reconnaissance, communication, patrolling and raiding roles especially in support of ski troops; often operating behind enemy lines. In the winter of 1942/43 a large number were fitted with aircraft radial engines and designated (RF-8) GAZ-98K. The RF-8 operated into the 1950s with the Soviet border guards.

## InfoBox

| RF-8 aerosani | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Place of origin | Soviet Union |
| Production history | |
| Designer | GAZ |
| Specifications | |
| Mass | 0.892 t (1,970 lb) |
| Length | 5.110 m |
| Width | 2.525 m |
| Height | 2.710 m |
| Crew | 2 |
| --- | |
| Armor | none |
| Main
armament | 7.62mm DT machine gun |
| Secondary
armament | hand grenades |
| Engine | 3.3L GAZ *M-1* I4 (RF-8/GAZ-98)
8.6L (525 ci) Shvetsov *M-11* air-cooled five-cylinder radial (GAZ-98K)
50 hp (37 kW) (RF-8/GAZ-98)
110 hp (82 kW) (GAZ-98K) |
| Power/weight | 56 hp/tonne (RF-8/GAZ-98)
123 hp/tonne (GAZ-98K) |
| Suspension | skis |
| Maximum speed | 50 km/h (31 mph) |


title: Radlefshorn

abstract: The Radlefshorn is a mountain of the Urner Alps, overlooking Gadmen in the canton of Bern. On its southern side it overlooks the Trift Glacier and the lake of Trift.

text:
# Radlefshorn

The **Radlefshorn** is a mountain of the Urner Alps, overlooking Gadmen in the canton of Bern. On its southern side it overlooks the Trift Glacier and the lake of Trift.

## InfoBox

| Radlefshorn | |
| --- | --- |
| RadlefshornLocation in Switzerland | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,603 m (8,540 ft) |
| Prominence | 102 m (335 ft) |
| Parent peak | Dammastock |
| Coordinates | 46°42′51.8″N 8°21′19″E / 46.714389°N 8.35528°E / 46.714389; 8.35528 |
| Geography | |
| Location | Bern, Switzerland |
| Parent range | Urner Alps |


title: RISE-PAK

abstract: Relief and Information Systems for Earthquakes Pakistan was an information-sharing web portal created by Pakistani-American economist Asim Ijaz Khwaja along with experts from World Bank, Pomona College, National Database and Registration Authority, the World Online, Pakistan's largest Internet service provider which hosted the website, and Lahore School of Management Sciences. It was created after the 2005 earthquake in Kashmir which claimed more than 80,000 lives with around 70,000 injured in Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan. The website displayed maps of about 4000 villages affected by the quake, with a database of demographic information, disaster information, assistance received, and access routes to the villages in the area. It also provided pre-earthquake information showing village-level demographic and infrastructure data, major road networks, and the distance of every village from the epicentre of the earthquake. The website won the Stockholm Challenge Award in 2006.

text:
# RISE-PAK

**Relief and Information Systems for Earthquakes Pakistan** (abbreviated as **RISE-PAK**) was an information-sharing web portal created by Pakistani-American economist Asim Ijaz Khwaja along with experts from World Bank, Pomona College, National Database and Registration Authority, the World Online, Pakistan's largest Internet service provider which hosted the website, and Lahore School of Management Sciences. It was created after the 2005 earthquake in Kashmir which claimed more than 80,000 lives with around 70,000 injured in Pakistan, India, and Afghanistan.

The website displayed maps of about 4000 villages affected by the quake, with a database of demographic information, disaster information, assistance received, and access routes to the villages in the area. It also provided pre-earthquake information showing village-level demographic and infrastructure data, major road networks, and the distance of every village from the epicentre of the earthquake.

The website won the Stockholm Challenge Award in 2006.


title: On My Mind (Cody Simpson song)

abstract: "On My Mind" is a single from Australian singer Cody Simpson. The song was written by Nasri, Julie Frost, Fraser T Smith, and Mike Caren. It was heavily sampled from the 1986 song, "Your Love", by The Outfield. It was released in iTunes on 23 May 2011.

text:
# On My Mind (Cody Simpson song)

"**On My Mind**" is a single from Australian singer Cody Simpson. The song was written by Nasri, Julie Frost, Fraser T Smith, and Mike Caren. It was heavily sampled from the 1986 song, "Your Love", by The Outfield. It was released in iTunes on 23 May 2011.

## Background

"On My Mind" was released in iTunes on 23 May 2011.

## Composition

The song is composed in a key of E major and sampled from a 1986 song, "Your Love", by The Outfield.

## Performances

Simpson performed "On My Mind" on CBS's *The Early Show* on 4 June 2011. Simpson also performed the song on Justin Bieber's "Believe Tour"

## Music video

Simpson's video was released on 17 June 2011. The video was directed by Travis Kopach and featured dancer/actress Hailey Baldwin, wife of Justin Bieber. The video is based on Simpson finding a picture of a girl (Hailey) in the mall and searching the mall for her. Towards the end, he plays a video throughout the mall asking that girl to meet him at a theater. In the last scene, you see the girl come up behind him at the theater, take a picture of him, and walk into the theater together, both of their photos next to each other on the ground.

## Track listing

Digital download 1. "On My Mind" – 3:11
2. "On My Mind" (Karsten Delgado & Mani Myles Mix) – 3:26
3. "On My Mind" (official karaoke version) – 3:09

## Chart performance

On the week ending 27 August 2011, "On My Mind" debuted at number 39 on the US Pop Songs chart.

## Charts

Chart performance for "On My Mind"
| Chart (2011) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | 51 |
| US Mainstream Top 40 (*Billboard*) | 39 |

## InfoBox

| "On My Mind" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Cody Simpson | |
| from the album  *Coast to Coast* | |
| Released | 23 April 2011
23 May 2011 (iTunes) |
| Recorded | 2011 |
| Genre | Teen pop |
| Length | 3:11 |
| Label | Atlantic |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Fraser T Smith |
| Cody Simpson singles chronology | |
| "All Day"
(2011) "**On My Mind**"
(2011) "Not Just You"
(2011) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "On My Mind" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Ivan Jones (British Army officer)

abstract: Lieutenant General Ivan Bartholomew Leonard Jones, is a retired senior British Army officer.

text:
# Ivan Jones (British Army officer)

Lieutenant General **Ivan Bartholomew Leonard Jones**, CB (born September 1966) is a retired senior British Army officer.

## Military career

Jones was commissioned into the Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers on 7 September 1986 and transferred to the Royal Engineers on 26 October 1988. He was appointed commanding officer of 26 Engineer Regiment and, in that role, saw active service in Afghanistan in 2007, for he received the Queen's Commendation for Valuable Service in 2008.

Jones became Commander 8th Force Engineer Brigade in October 2011, Chief of Joint Force Operations from September 2013 and Chief of Staff, Field Army in November 2015. That month, Jones was appointed as Colonel Commandant of the Royal Engineers, and held the position until 1 November 2020.

Jones went on to be Director-General, Army Personnel in May 2018, was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 2018 Birthday Honours, and became Commander Field Army, with the substantive rank of lieutenant general, on 20 March 2019. He retired from the army in April 2021 and was succeeded by Lieutenant General Ralph Wooddisse as Commander Field Army.

He was Honorary Colonel of the Engineer and Logistic Staff Corps Army Reserve until 1 July 2024.

## InfoBox

| Ivan Jones | |
| --- | --- |
| Jones in 2019 | |
| Born | September 1966
Bristol, England |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | British Army |
| Years of service | 1986–2021 |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Commands | Field Army
8th Force Engineer Brigade
26 Engineer Regiment |
| Battles/wars | Bosnian War
War in Afghanistan
Iraq War |
| Awards | Companion of the Order of the Bath
Queen's Commendation for Valuable Service |


title: Petronella of Courtrai

abstract:
Petronella of Courtrai (Petronille) was a Dutch regent and noblewoman. She ruled during the absence of her husband and after he died, during the minority of her son. She was a daughter of a woman named Sarah and her husband, lord Roger I of Courtrai. Petronella was a wife of Lord Zeger II and with him, mother of:
  - Zeger III of Ghent
  - Daniel
  - Arnold
  - Gilles
  - Dirk
  - Bernhard
  - Walter (Woutre)
  - Beatrix Her husband Zeger II was a templar from 1200 and in 1202 he died, and she continued as regent for their son Zeger. She remained influential after her son took over the government and donated some lands to an abbey. When signing documents she used the titulature of Burgravine.

text:
# Petronella of Courtrai

**Petronella of Courtrai** (**Petronille**) (? – after 1214) was a Dutch regent and noblewoman. She ruled during the absence of her husband and after he died, during the minority of her son.

She was a daughter of a woman named Sarah and her husband, lord Roger I of Courtrai.

Petronella was a wife of Lord Zeger II and with him, mother of:

* Zeger III of Ghent
* Daniel
* Arnold
* Gilles (he was married and he fathered a son named Arnold)
* Dirk
* Bernhard
* Walter (Woutre)
* Beatrix

Her husband Zeger II was a templar from 1200 and in 1202 he died, and she continued as regent for their son Zeger. She remained influential after her son took over the government and donated some lands to an abbey. When signing documents she used the titulature of Burgravine.


title: William Grant Craib

abstract: William Grant Craib was a British botanist. Craib was Regius Professor of Botany at Aberdeen University and later worked at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

text:
# William Grant Craib

**William Grant Craib** FLS FRSE (10 March 1882 in Banff, Aberdeenshire – 1 September 1933 in Kew) was a British botanist. Craib was Regius Professor of Botany at Aberdeen University and later worked at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

## Life

Craib was born in Banff, Aberdeenshire in northern Scotland on 10 March 1882 and he was educated at Banff Academy and Fordyce Academy. He entered Aberdeen University as an Art student but due to problems with his eyes he left and worked for a while on a ship as an engineer. When his eyes were better, he returned to Aberdeen University and took a Master of Arts degree. He was ready to study for his Bachelor of Science degree, but he took an opportunity to take a temporary post at the Royal Botanical Gardens in Calcutta.

While in Calcutta he became the curator of the Herbarium and made in the North Cachar Hills a large collection of plants, including a number of new species which he later described and named. In 1899 he was offered a job as *Assistant for India* at Kew Gardens in London, a role in which he contributed his knowledge of Indian and South West Asian botany.

In 1915 he was offered and took the post as a lecturer in forest botany and Indian trees at Edinburgh. In 1920 he was appointed Regius Professor of Botany at Aberdeen University. As well as his teaching work and training research students, he studied with his pupils Siamese flora on which he wrote many books. In 1921 at a meeting of the British Association, Craib lost one of his legs in a serious accident.

He was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1920. His proposers were Sir Isaac Bayley Balfour, Sir David Prain, Sir Thomas Hudson Beare, and James Hartley Ashworth.

During his vacations for university, he worked in the Herbarium at the Royal Botanical Gardens at Kew in London, particularly on the flora of Siam. It was during one of his stays at Kew that he became ill and died on 1 September 1933 aged 51, and is buried in Richmond Cemetery.

Craib is commemorated in the genera *Craibiodendron* and *Craibia*, as well as a number of species.

The standard author abbreviation Craib is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

## Family

He married Mary Beatrice Turner in 1917. They had no children.

## Selected publications

The Flora of Banffshire. Craib, William Grant, 1912. Banffshire Journal Limited, Transactions of the Banffshire Field Club

Florae siamensis enumeratio : a list of the plants known from Siam, with records of their occurrence. Craib, William Grant, Kerr, Arthur Francis George. 1925-1931. Siam Society, Bangkok : The Bangkok times press


title: Radomka

abstract: The Radomka is a river in central Poland and a left-bank tributary of the Vistula. It has a length of 98 km and a basin area of over 2000 km⁲. The river has its source in forests 4 km south of Przysucha, at a height of 310 meters above sea level. There is a retention reservoir, built in the valley of the Radomka in Domaniów, which has the largest surface area of any lakes in Mazowsze Voivodeship. It is also utilised for recreation purposes. After flowing through the hills of the Lesser Poland Upland, the Radomka enters a wide urstromtal, to finally join the Vistula near Ryczywol, at 160 meters above sea level.

text:
# Radomka

The **Radomka** is a river in central Poland and a left-bank tributary of the Vistula. It has a length of 98 km and a basin area of over 2000 km2 (all in Poland). The river has its source in forests 4 km south of Przysucha, at a height of 310 meters above sea level. There is a retention reservoir, built in the valley of the Radomka in Domaniów, which has the largest surface area of any lakes in Mazowsze Voivodeship (5 – 7 km2). It is also utilised for recreation purposes.

After flowing through the hills of the Lesser Poland Upland, the Radomka enters a wide urstromtal, to finally join the Vistula near Ryczywol, at 160 meters above sea level.

## Puszcza Nature Reserve

The reserve, located in a forest at the source of the Radomka, was opened in 1978. It aims to preserve natural wilderness, with its fir and beech trees.

## Towns along the Radomka

## Main tributaries

* Mleczna
* Narutówka
* Jastrzębianka
* Szabasówka

## Sources

*

## InfoBox

| Radomka | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Poland |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth |  |
| location | Vistula |
| coordinates | 51°42′31″N 21°26′07″E / 51.7087°N 21.4353°E / 51.7087; 21.4353 |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | VistulaBaltic Sea |


title: Walter Hachborn

abstract: Walter Hachborn, was a Canadian businessman and co-founder, with two others, of Home Hardware, a Canadian home improvement and construction retailer which supplies contractors and individual retail consumers.

text:
# Walter Hachborn

**Walter Hachborn**, CM (July 24, 1921 – December 16, 2016) was a Canadian businessman and co-founder, with two others, of Home Hardware, a Canadian home improvement and construction retailer which supplies contractors and individual retail consumers.

## Early life

Born in Conestogo, Ontario, he lived in St. Jacobs, Ontario, most of his life.

## Career

He started working in the hardware industry in 1938 and created Home Hardware in 1964 with two partners, Henry Sittler and Arthur Zilliax. He had been its president since the beginning seeing the company grow from 122 dealers to over 1100 stores and annual sales of over $6 billion. He retired from day-to-day operations in 1988 and retained the title of President Emeritus until 2010 with more than 75 years in the hardware industry.

## Recognition

In 1985, he was awarded an honorary doctor of laws degree from Wilfrid Laurier University, where he served as a member of WLU's board of governors for 10 years. In 1988, the Retail Council of Canada recognized Hachborn's success at Home Hardware. In recognition of this accomplishment he was presented with the Distinguished Canadian Retailer of the Year Award. He was also awarded the distinction of Retailer of the Century in 1999. In 1999, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada. He was named to the Canadian Business Hall of Fame in 2014.

## Death

Hachborn died on December 16, 2016, at the age of 95.

## InfoBox

| Walter Hachborn | |
| --- | --- |
| Statue of Walter Hachborn, outside of Home Hardware's headquarters in St. Jacobs | |
| Born | (1921-07-24)July 24, 1921<br>Conestogo, Ontario, Canada |
| Died | December 16, 2016(2016-12-16) (aged 95) |
| Known for | Co-founder of Home Hardware |


title: Nicholas Boshier

abstract: Nicholas Boshier is an Australian actor. Boshier gained fame after he was revealed to be the actor portraying YouTube celebrity Trent from Punchy, a character whom the film's director Anthony MacFarlane had previously lied about and insisted was genuine. Boshier went on to develop the cartoon Beached Az along with Macfarlane and Jarod Green, with Boshier voicing the main character of the whale. In 2014 he starred alongside Christiaan Van Vuuren in the series Soul Mates; Boshier and Van Vuuren had previously collaborated on the web series Bondi Hipsters.

text:
# Nicholas Boshier

**Nicholas Boshier** is an Australian actor. Boshier gained fame after he was revealed to be the actor portraying YouTube celebrity Trent from Punchy, a character whom the film's director Anthony MacFarlane had previously lied about and insisted was genuine. Boshier went on to develop the cartoon *Beached Az* along with Macfarlane and Jarod Green, with Boshier voicing the main character of the whale. In 2014 he starred alongside Christiaan Van Vuuren in the series *Soul Mates*; Boshier and Van Vuuren had previously collaborated on the web series *Bondi Hipsters*.

## Selected filmography

**Television**

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2009 | *Beached Az* | Whale (voice) | 21 episodes |
| 2010 | *Radiradirah* | As himself | 3 episodes |
| 2012 | *The Strange Calls* | Doug | 1 episode |
| 2014–2016 | *Soul Mates* | Adrian Archer / Sticks / Roboss / Terry Thinge / Seti | 12 episodes |
| 2019 | *Rostered On* | Dan | 6 episodes |
| 2020 | *Retrograde* | Dylan | 5 episodes |

## Awards and nominations

### ARIA Music Awards

The ARIA Music Awards are a set of annual ceremonies presented by Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA), which recognise excellence, innovation, and achievement across all genres of the music of Australia. They commenced in 1987.

| Year | Nominee / work | Award | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2015 | "Fuhck the Bahnks" (by Bondi Hipsters) | ARIA Award for Best Comedy Release | Nominated |  |


title: On the Edge (Iron Fire album)

abstract: On the Edge is the second album by the speed metal band Iron Fire released in March 2001. The album was produced and mixed by Tommy Hansen.

text:
# On the Edge (Iron Fire album)

***On the Edge*** is the second album by the speed metal band Iron Fire released in March 2001. The album was produced and mixed by Tommy Hansen (famous for his work with Helloween).

## Track listing

1. "Eternal Damnation" - 1:11
2. "The End of It All" - 4:09
3. "Prince of Agony" - 4:49
4. "On the Edge" - 3:45
5. "Into the Abyss" - 4:18
6. "Thunderspirit" - 3:26
7. "Wanted Man" - 4:07
8. "Lost n' Alone" - 5:10
9. "Forever Evil" - 2:41
10. "Here and Alive" - 4:26
11. "Miracle" - 4:29
12. "The Price of Blood" - 4:33

All music & lyrics by: *Martin Steene*,
except track #1 by: *Tommy Hansen*

On the song "Prince of Agony", the quote at the very start of the song is the catchphrase of Pinhead, one of the Cenobites in the Hellraiser films.

## Album line-up

* Martin Steene - *Vocals*
* Kristian Martinsen - *Guitars*
* Martin Slott - *Guitars*
* Jakob Lykkebo - *Bass*
* Morten Plenge - *Drums*

**Guest Musician**

* Tommy Hansen - *Keyboards / Harmonica / Backing Vocals*

## InfoBox

| On the Edge | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Iron Fire | |
| Released | March 2001 |
| Recorded | Jailhouse Studios |
| Genre | Speed metal, power metal |
| Label | Noise Records |
| Producer | Tommy Hansen |
| Iron Fire chronology | |
| *Thunderstorm*
(2000) ***On the Edge***
(2001) *Revenge*
(2006) | |


title: Gift (Ai song)

abstract: "Gift" is a song recorded by Japanese-American singer-songwriter Ai, released April 24, 2020, by EMI Records. The song served as the theme song for TBS' King's Brunch and subsequently as the fifth and final single from Ai's extended play, It's All Me, Vol. 1.

text:
# Gift (Ai song)

"**Gift**" is a song recorded by Japanese-American singer-songwriter Ai, released April 24, 2020, by EMI Records. The song served as the theme song for TBS' *King's Brunch* and subsequently as the fifth and final single from Ai's extended play, *It's All Me, Vol. 1*.

## Background and promotion

In March 2020, TBS announced Ai would be releasing a song titled "Gift", which would serve as the theme song for their *King's Brunch* variety show in celebration of its 25th anniversary. The program's chief producer Wataru Hiraga stated that only the chorus of the song would be used for the theme song, but recommended to listen to the full song.

A lyric video teaser was released two days prior to the song's release. In June, "Gift" was revealed to be included on Ai's extended play, *It's All Me, Vol. 1* as the fifth and final single.

## Music and lyrics

*Billboard Japan* described "Gift" as a "message song" that shows the value of Ai, comparing the song to her 2011 single, "Happiness".

## Music video

A music video for "Gift" was released in June 2020. Directed by Kensaku Kakimoto, Ai is seen singing with various flowers in the background, meant to represent life forces. A red thread is shown connecting the flowers, referring to the read thread of fate.

## Live performances

Ai performed "Gift" during her Global Citizen *Together at Home* performance live on Instagram. She additionally performed the song live on Nippon Television's *Sukiri* on June 24, 2020.

## Track listing

**Digital download and streaming**

1. "Gift" — 3:38

## Charts

Chart performance for "Gift"
| Chart (2020) | Peak position |
| --- | --- |
| Japan Digital Singles Chart (Oricon) | 44 |
| Japan Download Songs (*Billboard Japan*) | 53 |

## Personnel

Credits adapted from Tidal.

* Ai Uemura – songwriting, production, lead vocals
* Uta – songwriting, production

## Release history

Release history and formats for "Gift"
| Region | Date | Format | Label | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Various | April 24, 2020 |  |  |  |

1. "AIの新曲が「王様のブランチ」テーマソングに". *音楽ナタリー* (in Japanese). Natalie, Inc. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
2. "AI、感動と笑顔の新曲「ギフト」配信リリース＆リリックビデオ公開". *Billboard Japan*. April 23, 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
3. "AI、20周年アニバーサリーミニAL第一弾『IT'S ALL ME – Vol.1』 発売 最新ビジュアルはとんだ林蘭が担当". *Real Sound｜リアルサウンド* (in Japanese). June 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
4. "AI、『スッキリ』で披露した新曲「ギフト」MV公開". *Real Sound｜リアルサウンド* (in Japanese). 24 June 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
5. "AI、「ギフト」MV公開。"花"と"赤い糸"で楽曲のメッセージを表現". *BARKS* (in Japanese). 24 June 2020. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
6. "AI、世界のアーティストと連携するオンライン企画「Together At Home」に日本人初参加". *音楽ナタリー* (in Japanese). Natalie, Inc. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
7. "AI 新曲「ギフト」MV完成、6月24日に日本テレビ系『スッキリ』に生出演 | SPICE - エンタメ特化型情報メディア スパイス". *SPICE（スパイス）｜エンタメ特化型情報メディア スパイス*. Retrieved April 29, 2022.
8. "AIのデジタルシングル売上TOP4作品". *ORICON NEWS*. Retrieved 2022-11-17.
9. "Billboard Japan Download Songs Chart: Week of May 5, 2020". *Billboard Japan*. Retrieved May 6, 2023.
10. "Credits / Gift / AI - TIDAL". *listen.tidal.com*. Retrieved April 29, 2022.

## InfoBox

| "Gift" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Ai | |
| from the EP  *It's All Me, Vol. 1* | |
| Language | Japanese |
| Released | April 24, 2020 (2020-04-24) |
| Recorded | 2019 |
| Genre | J-pop |
| Length | 3:38 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * Uta * Uemura |
| Ai singles chronology | |
| "Good as Gold"
(2020) "**Gift**"
(2020) "Not So Different"
(2020) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "Gift" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Ite District

abstract: Ite District is one of three districts of the province Jorge Basadre in Peru.

text:
# Ite District

**Ite District** is one of three districts of the province Jorge Basadre in Peru.

## Climate

| Climate data for Ite, elevation 160 m (520 ft), (1991–2020) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 26.1
(79.0) | 26.8
(80.2) | 25.9
(78.6) | 23.8
(74.8) | 21.4
(70.5) | 19.4
(66.9) | 18.1
(64.6) | 18.0
(64.4) | 18.6
(65.5) | 20.2
(68.4) | 22.3
(72.1) | 24.3
(75.7) | 22.1
(71.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 20.2
(68.4) | 20.6
(69.1) | 19.5
(67.1) | 17.5
(63.5) | 15.6
(60.1) | 14.0
(57.2) | 13.2
(55.8) | 13.0
(55.4) | 13.6
(56.5) | 15.0
(59.0) | 16.8
(62.2) | 18.6
(65.5) | 16.5
(61.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 2.3
(0.09) | 0.1
(0.00) | 0.1
(0.00) | 0.1
(0.00) | 0.2
(0.01) | 0.7
(0.03) | 2.3
(0.09) | 1.9
(0.07) | 2.8
(0.11) | 1.1
(0.04) | 0.6
(0.02) | 0.5
(0.02) | 12.7
(0.48) |
| Source: National Meteorology and Hydrology Service of Peru | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Ite | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| Location of Ite in the Jorge Basadre Province | |
| Coordinates: 17°31′27″S 70°34′32″W / 17.52417°S 70.57556°W / -17.52417; -70.57556 | |
| Country | Peru |
| Region | Tacna |
| Province | Jorge Basadre |
| Founded | June 12, 1961 |
| Capital | Ite |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Pablo Ysaul Rivera Chavez |
| Area | |
| Total | 848.34 km2 (327.55 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 175 m (574 ft) |
| Population (2005 census) | |
| Total | 1,763 |
| Density | 2.1/km2 (5.4/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (PET) |
| UBIGEO | 230303 |


title: Petro Mamu

abstract: Petro Mamu is an Eritrean mountain runner who won one World Mountain Running Championships (2012).

text:
# Petro Mamu

**Petro Mamu** (born 16 September 1984) is an Eritrean mountain runner who won one World Mountain Running Championships (2012).

## Biography

The 2017 World Long Distance Mountain Running Championships was rewritten and the gold medal was dropped by Eritrean Petro Mamu, disqualified for doping, and was assigned to the Italian Francesco Puppi.

## InfoBox

Petro Mamu
| Petro Mamu at Sierre-Zinal 2022 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Full name | Petro Mamu Shaku |
| Nationality | Eritrean |
| Born | (1984-09-16) 16 September 1984 |
| Sport | |
| Country | Eritrea |
| Sport | Mountain running |
| Achievements and titles | |
| World finals | 1 Mountain Running World Cup* 2014 |
| Personal best | * Marathon: 2:14:50 (2017) |


title: Moin-ul-Atiq

abstract: Moin-ul-Atiq is a Pakistani former cricketer who played five ODIs between 1988 and 1989. First Pakistani international cricketer who received a degree in Sports Management from University of Central Lanchashire UK, Also Done MBA in Marketing from Hims, working as sports director at DHA SUFFA UNIVERSITY KARACHI.

text:
# Moin-ul-Atiq

**Moin-ul-Atiq** (born August 5, 1964 in Karachi, Sindh) is a Pakistani former cricketer who played five ODIs between 1988 and 1989.

First Pakistani international cricketer who received a degree in Sports Management from University of Central Lanchashire UK, Also Done MBA in Marketing from Hims, working as sports director at **DHA SUFFA UNIVERSITY KARACHI**.

## International awards

### One-Day International Cricket

#### Man of the Match awards

| S No | Opponent | Venue | Date | Match Performance | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Bangladesh | MA Aziz Stadium, Chittagong | 29 October 1988 | 105 (117 balls) | Pakistan won by 173 runs. |

## InfoBox

Moin-ul-Atiq
| Cricket information | |
| --- | --- |
| Batting | Right-hand bat |
| Bowling | Legbreak |
| International information | |
| National side |  |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition Tests ODIs  Matches - 5  Runs scored - 199  Batting average - 39.80  100s/50s - 1/0  Top score - 105  Balls bowled - -  Wickets - -  Bowling average - -  5 wickets in innings - -  10 wickets in match - n/a  Best bowling -/- -  Catches/stumpings -/- -/- | |
|  | |
| Source: , 3 May 2006 | |


title: Radio Vilaverde Lda

abstract:
Founded by legendary Macau business figure Pedro José Lobo, Rádio Vilaverde Lda. originally operated from his home of the same name in the northern part of the city and is now a Macau-based radio station serving Macau and nearby Chinese cities such as Hong Kong, as well as Zhuhai and Shenzhen in Guangdong Province. Currently located at Macau Jockey Club complex, it broadcasts at FM 99.5. It has live broadcast of horse racing in Macau.
But in 2012, the radio was only broadcasting online because the transmitter on the Jockey Club was damaged by a tropical storm. In 2015, The AM frequency 738 ceased to operate and has since been replaced by FM frequency 99.5. As 2017, the radio only airs music around the clock. In 2017, the radio starts their online platform for sharing music and journals in Macau.

text:
# Radio Vilaverde Lda

Founded by legendary Macau business figure Pedro José Lobo, **Rádio Vilaverde Lda.** (Chinese: 綠邨電台) originally operated from his home of the same name in the northern part of the city and is now a Macau-based radio station serving Macau and nearby Chinese cities such as Hong Kong, as well as Zhuhai and Shenzhen in Guangdong Province. Currently located at Macau Jockey Club complex, it broadcasts at FM 99.5. It has live broadcast of horse racing in Macau. But in 2012, the radio was only broadcasting online because the transmitter on the Jockey Club was damaged by a tropical storm. In 2015, The AM frequency 738 ceased to operate and has since been replaced by FM frequency 99.5. As 2017, the radio only airs music around the clock.

In 2017, the radio starts their online platform for sharing music and journals in Macau.

## InfoBox

Rádio Vilaverde
綠邨電台
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Broadcast area | Macau |
| Frequency | 99.5 MHz |
| Programming | |
| Format | Music, Sports |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Rádio Vilaverde Lda. |
| History | |
| First air date | 1950 (1950) |
| Former call signs | CR9XL/CR9XM (1950-2015) |
| Links | |
| Webcast | Listen live |


title: Radu Malfatti

abstract: Radu Malfatti is an Austrian trombone and harmonica player, and composer. He was born in Innsbruck, in the province of Tyrol, on December 16, 1943. Malfatti is associated with the style of music known as reductionism and has been described as "among the leaders in redefining the avant-garde as truly on-the-edge art." His work "since the early nineties... has been investigating the edges of ultraminimalism in both his composed and improvised work." He also operates B-Boim, a CD-R-only record label focusing on improvised and composed music, much of it his own.

text:
# Radu Malfatti

**Radu Malfatti** is an Austrian trombone and harmonica player, and composer. He was born in Innsbruck, in the province of Tyrol, on December 16, 1943. Malfatti is associated with the style of music known as reductionism and has been described as "among the leaders in redefining the avant-garde as truly on-the-edge art." His work "since the early nineties... has been investigating the edges of ultraminimalism in both his composed and improvised work." He also operates B-Boim, a CD-R-only record label focusing on improvised and composed music, much of it his own.

## Discography

### As leader

* *Balance* with Balance (Incus, 1973)
* *Thrumblin* with Stephan Wittwer (FMP, 1976)
* *Und?* with Stephan Wittwer (FMP, 1978)
* *Bracknell Breakdown* with Harry Miller (Ogun, 1978)
* *Humanimal* with Jerry Chardonnens (Hat Hut, 1980)
* *Blek* with M.L.A. Blek (FMP, 1981)
* *Ach Was!?* with Ulrich Gumpert, Tony Oxley (FMP, 1981)
* *Zwecknagel* with Harry Miller (FMP, 1981)
* *Formu* (Nato, 1983)
* *Ohrkiste* (ITM, 1992)
* *Radu Malfatti* (Wandelweiser, 1997)
* *Dach* with Durrant/Lehn (Erstwhile, 2001)
* *Going Fragile* (Formed, 2006)
* *Zeitschatten* (B-Boim, 2007)
* *Das Pelzige M* (B-Boim, 2007)
* *Three Backgrounds* with Frey/Pisaro (B-Boim, 2007)
* *Hoffinger Nonett* (B-Boim, 2007)
* *Nonostante II* (B-Boim, 2007)
* *Hoffingerquartett* (B-Boim, 2007)
* *Friedrichshofquartett* (B-Boim, 2007)
* *Dusseldorf Oktett* (B-Boim, 2007)
* *Raum Zeit I* (B-Boim, 2007)
* *Kid Ailack 5* (B-Boim, 2008)
* *Dusseldorf Vielfaches* (B-Boim, 2008)
* *Claude Lorrain 1* (B-Boim, 2008)
* *Imaoto* with Klaus Filip (Erstwhile, 2009)
* *Goat Vs Donkey* with Taku Unami (Taumaturgia, 2009)
* *Himmelgeister 19* (B-Boim, 2010)
* *Cafe Oto 1* (B-Boim, 2010)
* *Darenootodesuka* (B-Boim, 2012)
* *Untitled* with Taku Unami (Erstwhile, 2012)
* *Ruten* (B-Boim, 2014)
* *II* with Jurg Frey (Erstwhile, 2014)
* *One Man and a Fly* (Cathnor, 2015)

### As sideman

**With Elton Dean**

* *Happy Daze* (Ogun, 1977)
* *Live at the BBC* (Hux, 2003)
* *Ninesense Suite* (Jazzwerkstatt 2011)
* *The 100 Club Concert 1979* (Reel 2012)

**With Barry Guy & London Jazz Composers' Orchestra**

**With Chris McGregor**

**With Burkhard Stangl**

* *Ereignislose Musik Loose Music* (Random Acoustics, 1996)
* *Venusmond Oper Als Topos* (Quell, 2000)
* *Hommage a Moi* (Loewenhertz 2011)

**With others**

## InfoBox

| Radu Malfatti | |
| --- | --- |
| Radu Malfatti during soundcheck before his first concert in Galicia, Spain, 2008 | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1943-12-16)December 16, 1943<br>Innsbruck, Austria |
| Genres | experimental |
| Occupation | Musician |
| Instrument(s) | Trombone, harmonica |
| Years active | 1975–present |
| Labels | Erstwhile, B-boim |


title: Waliszew, Łódź Voivodeship

abstract: Waliszew is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bedlno, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Bedlno, 15 km (9 mi) south-east of Kutno, and 43 km (27 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

text:
# Waliszew, Łódź Voivodeship

**Waliszew** \[vaˈliʂɛf\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bedlno, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Bedlno, 15 km (9 mi) south-east of Kutno, and 43 km (27 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

## InfoBox

| Waliszew | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Waliszew | |
| Coordinates: 52°9′44″N 19°32′33″E / 52.16222°N 19.54250°E / 52.16222; 19.54250 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Kutno |
| Gmina | Bedlno |


title: Nick Monu

abstract: Nick Monu is a Nigerian dramatist, actor and director.

text:
# Nick Monu

**Nick Monu** (born 25 March 1965) is a Nigerian dramatist, actor and director.

## Life

Nicholas Monu was born as the fourth child and second son of the Monu prince of Asaba, Obiora Monu, accountant and CEO of Obiora Monu & Co. in Lagos, and Mrs. Florence Monu (née Oluwo), teacher at the Corona School in Lagos. He spent his first childhood years in Nigeria, until he and his family left the country owing to the Biafran War. For a short while, the family lived with an uncle who was at that time the designated Nigerian ambassador to Germany and thereafter Italy. Later he attended St. Andrew's School in Eastbourne and Millfield Senior School in Somerset. Besides an elite European education, he was educated in singing, sport and arts.

After having attended American University in Washington, D.C., and Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art in London from 1987 to 1989, he was chosen together with another 11 English-speaking drama students to play the lead part in Anton Tschechow’s theatre play "Uncle wanja" at the Moscow Art Theatre in Russia.

Thereafter he started his career in the UK as a freelance actor, appearing in productions like *The Wind in the Willows* 1990 to 2011 at the Royal National Theatre, *Talking in Tongues* 1991 to 1992 at the Royal Court Theatre and *Blues for Mr. Charlie* 1992 to 1993 at the Manchester Royal Exchange. Between 1994 and 1997 he became a member of the Berlin Schaubühne Ensemble and played leadparts, for example in "Hotel Orpheu", "Orestes", "Symposium" and "Die Sprache der Vögel".

1998 he returned for a short while to London and played lead parts in the theatre productions "Oroonoko" at the Royal Shakespeare Company, *The honest whore* and *Merchant of Venice* at the Globe Theatre and started his film and television career. He starred in the BBC's EastEnders, Holby City, T.L.C., The Whistle Blower and the films *Stigma* and White Hawk.

2001 he started with a series of performances in the opera *Entführung aus dem Serail* at the Wiener Volksoper as “Bassa Selim”. In 2002 he moved between Vienna and London, starring as "Othello" and "King Headley" at the Tricycle Theatre. In 2003 he joined the Ensemble of the Wiener Burgtheater and starred in productions like "Was Ihr wollt", "7 Sekunden oder in God we Trust", "Die Ziege", "Don Carlos", "Die Katze auf dem heißen Blechdach" and "Sofasurfin". 2006 he appeared once again as "Bassa Selim" at the Opera de Marseille, marking his first stage début in France.

Since 2004 Monu has appeared in many German-speaking cinema and film productions, for example in 2004 in "Vier Frauen und ein Todesfall", in 2005 in "Gefangene", 2006 in the Tatort-series "Schattenspiele" and "Tod aus Afrika" as well as in "Kommissarin Lucas – German Angst", in 2007 in "NachtschichtBlutige Stadt" and "KDD – Scham" and in 2010 in "The Unintentional Kidnapping of Mrs. Elfriede Ott".

2007 he starred as Othello at the Salisbury Playhouse. Between 2008 and 2013 he travelled to Lagos in order to work on several productions, educating and training people working in these areas. The Austrian base NGO "Friends of Monu & Monu" is the European counterpart, providing support for the artistic projects in Africa. Nick Monu is the chairman of this NGO, with Roman Bönsch as secretary and Simone Monu as treasurer.

As a producer and director he was involved in "Sonette XCIV" by William Shakespeare, starring Sir Alan Bates in 1999, shortfilm "Split Ends" – Cruzon Cinema, Soho, 2002, as well as the short "Wienerin betet" for the Festival Mythos Modern, Vienna, 2008; in 2009 he directed "Swamp Dwellers" by Wole Soyinka, National Theatre of Nigeria, and started producing music videos and held training workshops together with the Goethe-Institut Lagos called "Bauprobe" based on Wole Soyinka's "A dance of the Forest".

2010 he starred as the lead part in Christian Kracht's "Ich werde hier sein im Sonnenschein und im Schatten" at the Theater Basel, and appeared in the Alexanderfest at Augusta Raurica as Zeus.

2011 he directed "The Cost of Living" by Sefi Atta as a world première at Terra Kulture / Lagos, which was invited by Wole Soyinka to showcase at the Black Heritage Festival in April of the same year. In October 2011 he directed the world premier of "Hagel auf Zamfara" (English: The Sentence) by the same author, Sefi Atta, a Nigerian play translated into German, at the Theater Krefeld und Mönchengladbach.

In spring 2013 he directed another play in Germany, "Happy days" by Samuel Beckett, at the Theater Krefeld und Mönchengladbach, with its opening in April 2013. Thereafter he became the curator of the established African Art Gallery matombo in the old town of Salzburg, where he has curated shows of traditional and modern African Art. 2015 he held a reading based on Opera Wonyosi of Wole Soyinka as part of the opening of the Salzburger Festspiele within the gallery. In 2019 the African Art Gallery was redesigned and transferred into an online Gallery www.matombo.at

In January 2016 he had his debut at the Thalia Theatre in Hamburg, playing Father Joad in the stage adaption of John Steinbeck's novel Grapes of Wrath, directed by Luk Perceval.

From 2017 to 2020 he starred in several Austrian, Swiss and German Cinema and TV Films and played a supporting lead character in the first Austrian CiFi Movie RUBINKON in 2020, which was released in 2022.

Since 2017 he has supported Actors as an Acting Coach in Nigeria, with the Film Eyimofe winning several international film prices and a showcase at the Berlinale in 2020.

In 2021 he starred as Othello at the Landestheater Niederösterreich and played Iason in Medea at the Grand Theatre in Luxemburg in early 2022.

Since 2005 he is married to the Austrian designer Simone Monu and has three children.

## Filmography

## Awards

* 2011 Lagos Heritage Festival - Best Nigerian Theatre Play - THE COST OF LIVING
* 1990 he won the Evening Standard Award for the play *Talking in Tongues* at the Royal Court Theatre and was nominated as best actor in a supporting role.
* 1993 the film *After the Wax* won at the South African Film Festivals in Harare prices for best director and best short film.

## InfoBox

| Nicholas Monu | |
| --- | --- |
| Vienna 2005 | |
| Born | Ononuju Babatunde Nicholas Monu
25 March 1965
Lagos, Nigeria |
| Nationality | Nigerian |
| Education | A.U. and Webber Douglas |
| Known for | Director and actor |
| Spouse | Simone Monu |
| Website | www.nickmonu.com |