title: Ziphosuchia

abstract: Ziphosuchia is a clade of mesoeucrocodylian crocodyliforms that includes notosuchians and sebecosuchians.

text:
# Ziphosuchia

**Ziphosuchia** is a clade of mesoeucrocodylian crocodyliforms that includes notosuchians and sebecosuchians.

## Systematics

First constructed in 2000, it was considered to include *Notosuchus*, *Libycosuchus*, and Sebecosuchia. In a 2004 phylogenetic study, it was defined as the most recent common ancestor of *Notosuchus*, *Libycosuchus*, and Baurusuchoidea and all of its descendants.

Ziphosuchia is often considered to be the sister group of Neosuchia, a clade that includes modern crocodilians. *Razanandrongobe* is the oldest representative of this clade.

## InfoBox

| Ziphosuchians
Temporal range: Middle Jurassic \- Middle Miocene, | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Life restoration of *Notosuchus terrestris* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| *Clade*: | Archosauria |
| *Clade*: | Pseudosuchia |
| *Clade*: | Crocodylomorpha |
| *Clade*: | Crocodyliformes |
| *Clade*: | Mesoeucrocodylia |
| *Clade*: | Metasuchia |
| *Clade*: | Notosuchia |
| *Clade*: | Ziphosuchia
Ortega *et al.*, 2000 |
|
| Subgroups | |
|  | |


abstract: This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Parke County, Indiana. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Parke County, Indiana, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map. There are 47 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including one National Historic Landmark. Another 3 properties were once listed but have been removed. Properties and districts located in incorporated areas display the name of the municipality, while properties and districts in unincorporated areas display the name of their civil township. Properties and districts split between multiple jurisdictions display the names of all jurisdictions.           This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.

text:
# National Register of Historic Places listings in Parke County, Indiana

This is a list of the **National Register of Historic Places listings in Parke County, Indiana**.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Parke County, Indiana, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 47 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including one National Historic Landmark. Another 3 properties were once listed but have been removed.

Properties and districts located in incorporated areas display the name of the municipality, while properties and districts in unincorporated areas display the name of their civil township. Properties and districts split between multiple jurisdictions display the names of all jurisdictions.

*This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.*

## Current listings

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Arch in the Town of Marshall |  | December 26, 1985
(#85003127) | Main and Guion Sts.
39°50′51″N 87°11′15″W / 39.847500°N 87.187500°W / 39.847500; -87.187500 (Arch in the Town of Marshall) | Marshall |  |
| 2 | Beeson Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78003447) | East of Rockville at Billie Creek Village
39°45′48″N 87°12′23″W / 39.763222°N 87.206389°W / 39.763222; -87.206389 (Beeson Bridge) | Adams Township |  |
| 3 | Big Rocky Fork Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000383) | Southeast of Mansfield on Greencastle Rd.
39°40′32″N 87°06′06″W / 39.675556°N 87.101667°W / 39.675556; -87.101667 (Big Rocky Fork Bridge) | Jackson Township |  |
| 4 | Billie Creek Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000384) | East of Rockville off U.S. Route 36 at Billie Creek Village
39°45′41″N 87°12′23″W / 39.761389°N 87.206389°W / 39.761389; -87.206389 (Billie Creek Bridge) | Adams Township |  |
| 5 | Bowsher Ford Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000385) | North of Rockville
39°55′47″N 87°21′06″W / 39.929722°N 87.351667°W / 39.929722; -87.351667 (Bowsher Ford Bridge) | Liberty Township |  |
| 6 | Bridgeton Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000386) | North of Bridgeton
39°38′58″N 87°10′34″W / 39.649444°N 87.176111°W / 39.649444; -87.176111 (Bridgeton Bridge) | Raccoon Township | Arsoned in 2005 |
| 7 | Bridgeton Historic District |  | September 4, 1992
(#92001167) | Roughly bounded by the northern bank of Big Raccoon Creek, George and Clark Sts., Mill Alley, and the alley east of Main St. at Bridgeton
39°38′54″N 87°10′35″W / 39.648333°N 87.176389°W / 39.648333; -87.176389 (Bridgeton Historic District) | Raccoon Township |  |
| 8 | Catlin Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000387) | North of Rockville off U.S. Route 41
39°47′30″N 87°14′18″W / 39.791667°N 87.238333°W / 39.791667; -87.238333 (Catlin Bridge) | Adams Township |  |
| 9 | Conley's Ford Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000388) | East of Bridgeton
39°39′34″N 87°07′59″W / 39.659444°N 87.133056°W / 39.659444; -87.133056 (Conley's Ford Bridge) | Raccoon Township |  |
| 10 | Cox Ford Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000390) | North of Rockville off U.S. Route 41
39°53′07″N 87°13′25″W / 39.885278°N 87.223611°W / 39.885278; -87.223611 (Cox Ford Bridge) | Penn Township |  |
| 11 | Crooks Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000391) | North of Bridgeton
39°43′26″N 87°11′22″W / 39.723889°N 87.189444°W / 39.723889; -87.189444 (Crooks Bridge) | Adams Township |  |
| 12 | William E. and Carolyn Davis House |  | February 14, 2022
(#100007446) | 411 Jackson St.
39°45′59″N 87°13′44″W / 39.7664°N 87.2288°W / 39.7664; -87.2288 (William E. and Carolyn Davis House) | Rockville |  |
| 13 | Lancelot C. Ewbank House |  | September 26, 1988
(#88001578) | County Road 102E between 1200N and 300E, east of Tangier
39°55′24″N 87°12′58″W / 39.923333°N 87.216111°W / 39.923333; -87.216111 (Lancelot C. Ewbank House) | Sugar Creek Township |  |
| 14 | Joseph Finney House |  | December 20, 2002
(#02001564) | County Road 217, northwest of Bloomingdale
39°51′35″N 87°16′18″W / 39.859722°N 87.271667°W / 39.859722; -87.271667 (Joseph Finney House) | Penn Township |  |
| 15 | William B. & Laura Guthrie House |  | March 4, 2020
(#100005041) | 7459 North US 41
39°52′22″N 87°14′03″W / 39.8729°N 87.2343°W / 39.8729; -87.2343 (William B. & Laura Guthrie House) | Bloomingdale vicinity |  |
| 16 | Harry Evans Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000392) | Southeast of Mecca off Old Greencastle Rd.
39°39′43″N 87°17′40″W / 39.661944°N 87.294444°W / 39.661944; -87.294444 (Harry Evans Bridge) | Florida Township |  |
| 17 | William Hill Polygonal Barn |  | April 2, 1993
(#93000186) | Academy St.
39°49′48″N 87°15′05″W / 39.830000°N 87.251389°W / 39.830000; -87.251389 (William Hill Polygonal Barn) | Bloomingdale |  |
| 18 | Jackson Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000393) | North of Rockville
39°52′48″N 87°16′57″W / 39.88°N 87.2825°W / 39.88; -87.2825 (Jackson Bridge) | Penn Township | Longest single span covered bridge in Indiana |
| 19 | Jeffries Ford Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000394) | Southwest of Bridgeton
39°37′49″N 87°12′30″W / 39.630278°N 87.208333°W / 39.630278; -87.208333 (Jeffries Ford Bridge) | Raccoon Township |  |
| 20 | Leatherwood Station Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000397) | East of Rockville at Billie Creek Village
39°48′54″N 87°17′56″W / 39.815°N 87.298889°W / 39.815; -87.298889 (Leatherwood Station Bridge) | Adams Township |  |
| 21 | Richard Lieber Log Cabin |  | May 4, 2001
(#01000403) | Turkey Run State Park, north of Marshall
39°53′06″N 87°12′25″W / 39.885000°N 87.206944°W / 39.885000; -87.206944 (Richard Lieber Log Cabin) | Sugar Creek Township |  |
| 22 | Lusk Home and Mill Site |  | October 29, 1974
(#74000017) | Off State Road 47 in Turkey Run State Park, north of Marshall
39°53′29″N 87°11′08″W / 39.891389°N 87.185556°W / 39.891389; -87.185556 (Lusk Home and Mill Site) | Sugar Creek Township |  |
| 23 | Mansfield Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000399) | Off State Road 59 at Mansfield
39°40′32″N 87°06′06″W / 39.675556°N 87.101667°W / 39.675556; -87.101667 (Mansfield Bridge) | Jackson Township |  |
| 24 | Mansfield Roller Mill |  | December 7, 1990
(#90001788) | Mansfield Rd. at Big Raccoon Creek at Mansfield
39°40′37″N 87°06′06″W / 39.676944°N 87.101667°W / 39.676944; -87.101667 (Mansfield Roller Mill) | Jackson Township |  |
| 25 | Marshall Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000400) | North of Rockville
39°53′00″N 87°19′35″W / 39.883333°N 87.326389°W / 39.883333; -87.326389 (Marshall Bridge) | Liberty Township |  |
| 26 | McAllister Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000398) | North of Bridgeton
39°42′34″N 87°11′30″W / 39.709444°N 87.191667°W / 39.709444; -87.191667 (McAllister Bridge) | Adams Township |  |
| 27 | Mecca Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000401) | Off U.S. Route 41
39°43′45″N 87°19′29″W / 39.729167°N 87.324722°W / 39.729167; -87.324722 (Mecca Bridge) | Mecca |  |
| 28 | Melcher Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000402) | East of Montezuma
39°47′20″N 87°20′06″W / 39.788889°N 87.335°W / 39.788889; -87.335 (Melcher Bridge) | Reserve Township |  |
| 29 | Mill Creek Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000403) | North of Rockville
39°54′30″N 87°21′38″W / 39.908333°N 87.360556°W / 39.908333; -87.360556 (Mill Creek Bridge) | Liberty Township |  |
| 30 | Narrows Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000404) | North of Rockville off State Road 47
39°53′28″N 87°11′07″W / 39.891111°N 87.185278°W / 39.891111; -87.185278 (Narrows Bridge) | Sugar Creek Township |  |
| 31 | Neet Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000405) | North of Bridgeton
39°42′06″N 87°11′52″W / 39.701667°N 87.197778°W / 39.701667; -87.197778 (Neet Bridge) | Adams Township |  |
| 32 | Nevins Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000406) | Northwest of Bridgeton
39°41′04″N 87°12′45″W / 39.684444°N 87.2125°W / 39.684444; -87.2125 (Nevins Bridge) | Raccoon Township |  |
| 33 | Phillips Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000407) | Southeast of Montezuma off U.S. Route 36
39°46′20″N 87°19′21″W / 39.772222°N 87.3225°W / 39.772222; -87.3225 (Phillips Bridge) | Wabash Township |  |
| 34 | Portland Mills Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000408) | East of Marshall off State Road 47
39°51′39″N 87°05′20″W / 39.860750°N 87.088889°W / 39.860750; -87.088889 (Portland Mills Bridge) | Greene Townshuip | Oldest covered bridge in Parke County |
| 35 | Rockville Chautauqua Pavilion |  | March 12, 1999
(#99000301) | College St. and Mecca Rd.
39°45′35″N 87°14′06″W / 39.759722°N 87.235°W / 39.759722; -87.235 (Rockville Chautauqua Pavilion) | Rockville |  |
| 36 | Rockville Historic District |  | May 27, 1993
(#93000471) | Roughly bounded by Howard Ave. and Jefferson, High, and College Sts.
39°45′47″N 87°13′51″W / 39.763056°N 87.230833°W / 39.763056; -87.230833 (Rockville Historic District) | Rockville |  |
| 37 | Roseville Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000409) | Southeast of Mecca off Old Greencastle Rd.
39°39′09″N 87°17′37″W / 39.6525°N 87.293611°W / 39.6525; -87.293611 (Roseville Bridge) | Florida Township |  |
| 38 | Rush Creek Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000410) | North of Rockville
39°53′56″N 87°18′53″W / 39.898889°N 87.314722°W / 39.898889; -87.314722 (Rush Creek Bridge) | Liberty Township |  |
| 39 | Sim Smith Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000411) | Southeast of Montezuma off U.S. Route 36
39°46′24″N 87°19′52″W / 39.773333°N 87.331111°W / 39.773333; -87.331111 (Sim Smith Bridge) | Wabash Township |  |
| 40 | State Sanitorium Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000412) | East of Rockville off U.S. Route 36
39°46′52″N 87°08′42″W / 39.781111°N 87.145000°W / 39.781111; -87.145000 (State Sanitorium Bridge) | Adams and Washington Townships |  |
| 41 | Thorpe Ford Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000413) | Southeast of Mecca on Rosedale Catlin Rd.
39°38′13″N 87°15′59″W / 39.636944°N 87.266389°W / 39.636944; -87.266389 (Thorpe Ford Bridge) | Florida Township |  |
| 42 | Turkey Run State Park |  | March 14, 2019
(#100003505) | Roughly bounded by IN 47, Narrows, Coxford & the E-W leg of Smedley Rds.
39°43′30″N 87°19′54″W / 39.725000°N 87.331667°W / 39.725000; -87.331667 (Turkey Run State Park) | Marshall |  |
| 43 | Wabash Township Graded School |  | June 22, 1987
(#87000950) | S. Montezuma St.
39°43′30″N 87°19′54″W / 39.725000°N 87.331667°W / 39.725000; -87.331667 (Wabash Township Graded School) | Mecca |  |
| 44 | West Union Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000414) | North of Montezuma
39°51′18″N 87°20′09″W / 39.855°N 87.335833°W / 39.855; -87.335833 (West Union Bridge) | Union Township |  |
| 45 | Wilkins Mill Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000415) | North of Rockville off U.S. Route 41
39°53′54″N 87°13′59″W / 39.898333°N 87.233056°W / 39.898333; -87.233056 (Wilkins Mill Bridge) | Sugar Creek Township |  |
| 46 | W. H. York Round Barn |  | September 16, 1993
(#93000949) | County Road 249, 0.5 miles southeast of Lodi
39°56′39″N 87°23′44″W / 39.944167°N 87.395556°W / 39.944167; -87.395556 (W. H. York Round Barn) | Liberty |  |
| 47 | Zacke Cox Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000416) | Southeast of Mecca off U.S. Route 41
39°41′43″N 87°17′09″W / 39.695278°N 87.285833°W / 39.695278; -87.285833 (Zacke Cox Bridge) | Florida Township |  |

## Former listings

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Date removed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Coal Creek Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000389) | November 30, 1992 | East of Cayuga
 | Cayuga | Destroyed by arsonist, June 27, 1992 |
| 2 | Jessup Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000395) | February 20, 1990 | East of Rockville
 | Rockville | Destroyed in a storm in 1989. |
| 3 | J. H. Russell Bridge |  | December 22, 1978
(#78000396) | February 20, 1990 | North of Rockville
 | Rockville | Torn down in 1983. |


title: Natural Acoustic Band

abstract:
The Natural Acoustic Band were a British acid-folk band, formed in 1969 in Milngavie, Glasgow, Scotland. There were a number of personnel changes throughout the band's history, but the best known line up was:
  - Tom Hoy — Guitar and Vocals
  - Robin Thyne — Guitar, Bongos, Bass and Tenor Recorders, Tambourine, Clacker and Vocals
  - Krysia Kocjan — Vocals, Guitar, Glockenspiel, Bells The band only produced two albums and one single. They played The Royal Albert Hall, toured extensively with Ralph McTell, played at The Weeley Festival Rod Stewart, T-Rex, Status Quo, Rory Gallagher and Monty Python also appearing with Country Joe McDonald at Reading Played Glasgow City Halls with Billy Connolly and Stealers Wheel, The Old Grey Whistle Test with Alice Cooper, and they were on the bill on three occasions at London's Marquee Club: November 17, 1971, 12 April 1972 and on 22 November 1972.

text:
# Natural Acoustic Band

**The Natural Acoustic Band** were a British acid-folk band, formed in 1969 in Milngavie, Glasgow, Scotland. There were a number of personnel changes throughout the band's history, but the best known line up was:

* Tom Hoy (born 5 February 1950, in Glasgow, Scotland) — Guitar and Vocals
* Robin Thyne (born 1 November 1950, in Newcastle upon Tyne, England) — Guitar, Bongos, Bass and Tenor Recorders, Tambourine, Clacker and Vocals
* Krysia Kocjan (10 August 1953, in Craigendoran, Scotland, – 21 February 2007 in Portland, Oregon, United States) — Vocals, Guitar, Glockenspiel, Bells

The band only produced two albums and one single (reaching No 1 in the *Melody Maker* folk charts). They played The Royal Albert Hall (supporting Don McLean), toured extensively with Ralph McTell, played at The Weeley Festival Rod Stewart, T-Rex, Status Quo, Rory Gallagher and Monty Python also appearing with Country Joe McDonald at Reading Played Glasgow City Halls with Billy Connolly and Stealers Wheel, *The Old Grey Whistle Test* with Alice Cooper, and they were on the bill on three occasions at London's Marquee Club: November 17, 1971 (supported by Shape of the Rain), 12 April 1972 (supported by Gnidrolog) and on 22 November 1972 (supporting Brewers Droop).

## Later years of the NAB

As a replacement for Krysia Kocjan the NAB had at first recruited *Joanna Carlin* but she never recorded with them. She was actually called Melanie Harrold but was trying to avoid confusion with the better known Melanie (Melanie Safka). She later made singles and solo albums (under both her names) and worked with the Albion Band and members of Steeleye Span.

The NAB continued as a duo comprising Hoy and Thyne until 1975, when Hoy joined Magna Carta. Thyne also joined this band at a later stage.

## Discography

### Albums

* *Learning to Live* (RCA SF 8272)

Track Listing :
1. Learning To Live
2. Sometimes I Could Believe In You
3. Subway Cinderella
4. Free
5. Tom
6. February Feeling
7. Maybe It Was The Sunshine
8. Midnight Study
9. All I Want Is Your Love
10. Waiting For The Rain
11. Dying Bird
12. High In My Head

* *Branching In* (RCA SF 8314)

Track Listing :
1. Running Into Changes (T Hoy, K Kocjan)
2. Echoes (Hoy, Kocjan)
3. Money (Kocjan)
4. Follow Your Love (Hoy)
5. Road to the Sun (Kocjan)
6. Is it True Blue ? (There's nothing unnatural about electricity) (Hoy)
7. First Boy (Kocjan, Hoy)
8. I'll Carry You (Hoy)
9. Little Leaf (Kocjan)
10.Moontime Writer (Kocjan)
11.Travellers on the Road (R Thyne)
Produced by Milton Okun

* Both albums now available on C.D.

### Singles

* "Echoes" / "Is It True Blue ?" (RCA RCA 2324)

## Later careers

### Krysia Kocjan (Krysia Kristianne)

Krysia Kocjan went on to provide backing vocals for Al Stewart, The Kinks, Mike Heron and many others. She made a solo album *Krysia* in 1974 (RCA LPL1 5052) with musicians including some Fairport Convention/Fotheringay members (specifically Jerry Donahue, Dave Pegg, Dave Mattacks) - and also Rabbit Bundrick, and renowned percussionist Ray Cooper. On one track she revived her youthful talent for setting romantic English poetry to music with John Keats' *La Belle Dame Sans Merci*. Al Stewart's backing group, led by Peter White with Kocjan as a member, chose the name *Shot In The Dark* and released an album with the same title in 1981 (RSO 2394 297). On this Kocjan used her occasional alternative name of Krysia Kristianne and her few solo lead vocals here include "Some Towns".

She later moved to the US and in 1995 sang the track "The Lament" on the CD *A Celtic Tale - The Legend of Deirdre* by Mychael and Jeff Danna, a performance which drew review phrases such as "crystalline soprano" and "most moving" on Amazon.

In 1996 came the CD *Tyger and Other Tales* (Sentience Records 70002) with Leslie Chew and David Kronemyer which revived the Keats work along with ten other romantic English poems set to music. Her own favourite of these was "Complaint of the Absence of Her Lover Being Upon the Sea", as stated privately to a fan. She died at the age of 54 from lung cancer, on February 21, 2007, in Portland, Oregon, where she had lived and worked as a singing teacher since 2000. A memorial service for Kocjan was held in Los Angeles on March 10, 2007.

### Tom Hoy

Tom Hoy was born in Glasgow in the quaintly named “Rotten Row Maternity Hospital“. He started playing gigs at the age of 15, mainly rock and soul music, with a dusting of blues. It was around this time he also began to write songs and has been doing so successfully ever since.

At the age of 19, he formed the well loved Natural Acoustic Band, taking them down to London, where 16 different record companies tried to sign them on the strength of their live work. They eventually settled with RCA, making two highly acclaimed albums with John Denver's producer, Milton Okun. They played gigs in Europe, Morocco and Tunisia, also appearing at every major U.K. venue from the Royal Albert Hall down. They often supported such acts as Don McLean, Ralph McTell and Country Joe and The Fish, appearing on the prestigious Old Grey Whistle Test on BBC TV with Alice Cooper.

Tom joined Chris Simpson and Glen Stuart in Magna Carta in the early 1970s, staying constant through changing line-ups and going on to record such albums as *Took a Long Time*, *Prisoners on the Line* and *Live in Bergen*. They toured extensively worldwide, appearing on television and radio throughout Europe and Scandinavia and the UK, achieving chart success in Holland with both the single and album of *Took a Long Time* (a song which he co-wrote with Simpson).

After leaving Magna Carta, for around 10 years Hoy toured Holland, Germany, Scandinavia, the Middle East, Central America and even The Falkland Islands with his wife Geraldine. He then worked solo for several years and went on to take an extended break to help look after his autistic son Rory.

Over the years Hoy has teamed up with Simpson from time to time to play some of the old songs together, including the 30th Anniversary show and, more recently, their appearance together at the Royal Carré Theatre, Amsterdam, where they rolled back the years for the band's 40th Anniversary celebrations. They later went on tour in South Africa and undertook some UK dates with Magna Carta.

Hoy now lives in Knaresborough, North Yorkshire. His son, Rory Hoy, is a record producer and film-maker.

## InfoBox

| Natural Acoustic Band | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Milngavie, Glasgow, Scotland |
| Genres | Acid-folk |
| Years active | 1969–1975 |
| Labels | RCA |
|  | |
| Past members | Tom Hoy, Robin Thyne, Krysia Kocjan |
|  | |
| Website | naturalacousticband.com |


title: Zenting

abstract: Zenting is a municipality in the district of Freyung-Grafenau in Bavaria in Germany.

text:
# Zenting

**Zenting** is a municipality in the district of Freyung-Grafenau in Bavaria in Germany.

## Location

This municipality lies in the region of the Danube Forest (*Donau-Wald*) in the middle of the Bavarian Forest. The village nestles in a sunny, south-facing bowl, above which the Brotjacklriegel (1,016 m) and Aschenstein (945 m) tower to the north. Zenting is located around 35 km NW of Passau, 13 km from Tittling, 18 km SW of Grafenau, 26 km N of Vilshofen an der Donau and 15 km from the A 3 (Iggensbach exit).

## InfoBox

| Zenting | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| View of Zenting. Behind: the Aschenstein (l) and the Geißlstein | |
|  | |
| Location of Zenting within Freyung-Grafenau district | |
| Zenting Zenting | |
| Coordinates: 48°48′N 13°16′E / 48.800°N 13.267°E / 48.800; 13.267 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Bavaria |
| Admin. region | Niederbayern |
| District | Freyung-Grafenau |
| Municipal assoc. | Thurmansbang |
| Government | |
| Mayor (202026) | Dirk Rohowski (FW) |
| Area | |
| Total | 21.74 km2 (8.39 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 450 m (1,480 ft) |
| Population (2023-12-31) | |
| Total | 1,137 |
| Density | 52/km2 (140/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 94579 |
| Dialling codes | 09907 |
| Vehicle registration | FRG |
| Website | www.zenting.de |


title: Natsumi Kawamura

abstract: Natsumi Kawamura is a Japanese karateka. At the 2018 World Karate Championships held in Madrid, Spain, she won the silver medal in the women's team kumite event. At the 2019 Asian Karate Championships held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, she also won the silver medal in the women's team kumite event.

text:
# Natsumi Kawamura

**Natsumi Kawamura** is a Japanese karateka. At the 2018 World Karate Championships held in Madrid, Spain, she won the silver medal in the women's team kumite event.

At the 2019 Asian Karate Championships held in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, she also won the silver medal in the women's team kumite event.

## Achievements

| Year | Competition | Venue | Rank | Event |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2014 | World Championships | Bremen, Germany | 3rd | Team kumite |
| 2017 | Asian Championships | Astana, Kazakhstan | 3rd | Team kumite |
| 2018 | Asian Championships | Amman, Jordan | 1st | Team kumite |
| | World Championships | Madrid, Spain | 2nd | Team kumite |
| 2019 | Asian Championships | Tashkent, Uzbekistan | 2nd | Team kumite |

## InfoBox

Natsumi Kawamura
| Sport | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Japan |
| Sport | Karate |
| Event | Kumite |
| Medal record      Women's karate   Representing   Japan   World Championships   2018 Madrid  Team kumite  2014 Bremen  Team kumite  Asian Championships   2018 Amman  Team kumite  2019 Tashkent  Team kumite  2017 Astana  Team kumite | |


title: Natsumi Ikegaya

abstract: Natsumi Ikegaya is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for WE League club AC Nagano Parceiro.

text:
# Natsumi Ikegaya

**Natsumi Ikegaya** (born 14 June 1990) is a Japanese professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for WE League club AC Nagano Parceiro.

## Club career

Ikegaya made her WE League debut on 26 September 2021.

## InfoBox

Natsumi Ikegaya
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1990-06-14) 14 June 1990 | | |
| Place of birth | Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan | | |
| Height | 1.63 m (5 ft 4 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Goalkeeper | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | AC Nagano Parceiro | | |
| Number | 1 | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
|  | AC Nagano Parceiro |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


abstract: This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Halifax County, Virginia. This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Halifax County, Virginia, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map. There are 39 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 1 National Historic Landmark.           This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.

text:
# National Register of Historic Places listings in Halifax County, Virginia

This is a list of the **National Register of Historic Places listings in Halifax County, Virginia**.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Halifax County, Virginia, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map.

There are 39 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 1 National Historic Landmark.

*This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.*

## Current listings

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Berry Hill |  | November 25, 1969
(#69000246) | South of the junction of River and Berry Hill Rds.
36°41′55″N 78°56′38″W / 36.698611°N 78.943889°W / 36.698611; -78.943889 (Berry Hill) | South Boston |  |
| 2 | Black Walnut |  | October 29, 1991
(#91001597) | Black Walnut Rd., 850 feet (260 m) south of its junction with Green Valley Rd.
36°51′49″N 78°43′20″W / 36.863611°N 78.722222°W / 36.863611; -78.722222 (Black Walnut) | Clover |  |
| 3 | Bloomsburg (Watkins House) |  | August 28, 2017
(#100001509) | 9000 U.S. Route 58
36°37′59″N 79°01′16″W / 36.633056°N 79.021111°W / 36.633056; -79.021111 (Bloomsburg (Watkins House)) | South Boston |  |
| 4 | Brandon Plantation |  | April 26, 1996
(#96000495) | Coleman Dr., 500 feet (150 m) west of its junction with Henderson Rd.
36°34′38″N 79°07′07″W / 36.577222°N 79.118611°W / 36.577222; -79.118611 (Brandon Plantation) | Alton |  |
| 5 | Brandon-on-the-Dan |  | August 28, 2017
(#100001510) | 1072 State Route 119
36°34′51″N 79°08′28″W / 36.580833°N 79.141111°W / 36.580833; -79.141111 (Brandon-on-the-Dan) | Alton |  |
| 6 | Brooklyn Store and Post Office |  | January 22, 1996
(#95001557) | Northern side of Brooklyn Rd., 0.1 miles (0.16 km) west of its junction with Jeremy Creek Rd.
36°40′38″N 79°09′05″W / 36.677222°N 79.151250°W / 36.677222; -79.151250 (Brooklyn Store and Post Office) | Brooklyn |  |
| 7 | Brooklyn Tobacco Factory |  | January 22, 1996
(#95001559) | Northern side of River Rd., 0.25 miles (0.40 km) east of its junction with Jeremy Creek Rd.
36°40′45″N 79°08′42″W / 36.679167°N 79.145000°W / 36.679167; -79.145000 (Brooklyn Tobacco Factory) | Brooklyn |  |
| 8 | Buckshoal Farm |  | September 16, 1987
(#87001473) | Hudson Rd.
36°38′34″N 78°46′14″W / 36.642639°N 78.770556°W / 36.642639; -78.770556 (Buckshoal Farm) | Omega |  |
| 9 | Carlbrook |  | May 26, 2000
(#00000556) | Carlbrook Rd. at its junction with Hummingbird Ln.
36°43′42″N 79°08′10″W / 36.728333°N 79.136111°W / 36.728333; -79.136111 (Carlbrook) | Halifax |  |
| 10 | Carter's Tavern |  | October 11, 1974
(#74002120) | Southeast of Ingram
36°40′31″N 79°08′03″W / 36.675278°N 79.134167°W / 36.675278; -79.134167 (Carter's Tavern) | Paces |  |
| 11 | Cedar Grove |  | August 28, 2017
(#100001511) | 1083 Blanes Mill Ln.
36°36′37″N 78°59′31″W / 36.610278°N 78.991944°W / 36.610278; -78.991944 (Cedar Grove) | Alton |  |
| 12 | Clarkton |  | May 4, 2023
(#100008948) | 1216 Hogwallow Rd.
36°59′44″N 78°55′23″W / 36.9956°N 78.9230°W / 36.9956; -78.9230 (Clarkton) | Nathalie vicinity |  |
| 13 | Clarkton Bridge |  | January 26, 2007
(#06000747) | Clarkton Bridge Rd. over the Staunton River
36°58′40″N 78°53′49″W / 36.977778°N 78.896944°W / 36.977778; -78.896944 (Clarkton Bridge) | Nathalie | Extends into Charlotte County |
| 14 | Collins Ferry Historic District |  | November 28, 2012
(#12000986) | McKeever Trail and Bull Creek Rd.
37°02′19″N 79°02′23″W / 37.038611°N 79.039722°W / 37.038611; -79.039722 (Collins Ferry Historic District) | Nathalie |  |
| 15 | The Cove |  | May 11, 2006
(#06000407) | 5059 Cove Rd.
36°58′57″N 78°44′40″W / 36.982500°N 78.744444°W / 36.982500; -78.744444 (The Cove) | Harrisburg |  |
| 16 | DeJarnette's Tavern |  | May 2, 2007
(#07000398) | 4080 Stagecoach Rd.
37°00′48″N 79°00′21″W / 37.013333°N 79.005833°W / 37.013333; -79.005833 (DeJarnette's Tavern) | Nathalie | Late 18th century stagecoach station and tavern. |
| 17 | Dewberry Hill |  | February 13, 2018
(#100002133) | 2181 Wilkins Rd.
36°35′48″N 79°02′52″W / 36.596667°N 79.047778°W / 36.596667; -79.047778 (Dewberry Hill) | Alton |  |
| 18 | E. L. Evans House |  | May 8, 2008
(#08000388) | 1204 Washington Ave.
36°42′16″N 78°54′02″W / 36.704444°N 78.900556°W / 36.704444; -78.900556 (E. L. Evans House) | South Boston |  |
| 19 | Fourqurean House |  | May 6, 1980
(#80004192) | 2.4 miles (3.9 km) southwest of South Boston
36°39′20″N 78°56′28″W / 36.655556°N 78.941111°W / 36.655556; -78.941111 (Fourqurean House) | South Boston |  |
| 20 | Glennmary |  | February 1, 1979
(#79003043) | Southwest of South Boston on U.S. Route 58
36°40′49″N 78°55′58″W / 36.680139°N 78.932778°W / 36.680139; -78.932778 (Glennmary) | South Boston |  |
| 21 | Glenwood |  | August 28, 2017
(#100001512) | 7040 U.S. Route 58
36°39′08″N 78°59′54″W / 36.652361°N 78.998333°W / 36.652361; -78.998333 (Glenwood) | South Boston |  |
| 22 | Halifax County Courthouse |  | September 16, 1982
(#82004563) | Junction of U.S. Routes 360 and 501
36°45′56″N 78°55′46″W / 36.7656°N 78.9294°W / 36.7656; -78.9294 (Halifax County Courthouse) | Halifax |  |
| 23 | Indian Jim's Cave |  | August 26, 1982
(#82004562) | Address Restricted
 | Brookneal |  |
| 24 | Mountain Road Historic District |  | October 6, 1983
(#83004245) | Roughly Mountain Rd. from Mimosa Dr. to Academy St.; also Mountain Rd., Academy St., and Poplar Ln.
36°46′03″N 78°56′03″W / 36.7675°N 78.9342°W / 36.7675; -78.9342 (Mountain Road Historic District) | Halifax | Second set of boundaries represents a boundary increase of August 24, 2015 |
| 25 | Oak Cliff |  | November 18, 2020
(#100005804) | 10000 Huell Matthews Hwy. (US 501)
36°34′33″N 78°53′40″W / 36.5757°N 78.8945°W / 36.5757; -78.8945 (Oak Cliff) | Alton vicinity |  |
| 26 | Old Providence Presbyterian Church |  | July 7, 1988
(#88001013) | Cole Ferry Rd.
36°56′16″N 78°49′10″W / 36.9378°N 78.8194°W / 36.9378; -78.8194 (Old Providence Presbyterian Church) | Providence |  |
| 27 | Pleasant Grove |  | August 5, 1999
(#99000966) | Deer Run Rd.
36°43′30″N 79°02′55″W / 36.7250°N 79.0486°W / 36.7250; -79.0486 (Pleasant Grove) | Halifax |  |
| 28 | Redfield |  | September 20, 1978
(#78003020) | 3 miles (4.8 km) southeast of Oak Level on Oak Level Rd.
36°42′02″N 79°04′39″W / 36.7006°N 79.0775°W / 36.7006; -79.0775 (Redfield) | Oak Level |  |
| 29 | Reedy Creek Site |  | April 26, 1978
(#78003187) | Northern side of the Dan River at the Reedy Creek confluence
36°41′40″N 78°52′39″W / 36.6944°N 78.8775°W / 36.6944; -78.8775 (Reedy Creek Site) | South Boston |  |
| 30 | Riverside |  | February 13, 2018
(#100002134) | 11161 River Rd.
36°39′42″N 79°04′26″W / 36.6617°N 79.0739°W / 36.6617; -79.0739 (Riverside) | Sutherlin |  |
| 31 | Seaton |  | May 19, 1980
(#80004193) | North of South Boston on U.S. Route 501
36°44′41″N 78°55′22″W / 36.7447°N 78.9228°W / 36.7447; -78.9228 (Seaton) | South Boston |  |
| 32 | South Boston Historic District |  | September 26, 1986
(#86002471) | Along Railroad Ave., Ferry, Factory, and Main Sts., Wilborn Ave., N. Main St., Washington and Peach Aves., and Jeffress; also neighborhoods of Marshall Ave., New Brick Warehouse, Mizpah Church, N. Main St.
36°41′51″N 78°54′05″W / 36.6975°N 78.9014°W / 36.6975; -78.9014 (South Boston Historic District) | South Boston | Second set of boundaries represents a boundary increase of June 11, 2009 |
| 33 | Staunton River Bridge Fortification |  | November 19, 2014
(#04000577) | Fort Hill Trail at Staunton River Battlefield State Park
36°52′54″N 78°42′06″W / 36.8817°N 78.7017°W / 36.8817; -78.7017 (Staunton River Bridge Fortification) | Randolph |  |
| 34 | Staunton River State Park Historic District |  | May 4, 2007
(#07000402) | 1170 Staunton Trail
36°41′58″N 78°40′04″W / 36.6994°N 78.6678°W / 36.6994; -78.6678 (Staunton River State Park Historic District) | Scottsburg |  |
| 35 | Tarover |  | September 20, 1978
(#78003021) | West of South Boston on River Rd.
36°42′03″N 78°57′54″W / 36.7007°N 78.9650°W / 36.7007; -78.9650 (Tarover) | South Boston |  |
| 36 | Dr. Richard Thornton House |  | November 28, 2012
(#12000987) | Golden Leaf and Tobacco Rds.
36°58′38″N 79°01′58″W / 36.9772°N 79.0328°W / 36.9772; -79.0328 (Dr. Richard Thornton House) | Nathalie |  |
| 37 | Town of Halifax Court House Historic District |  | January 28, 2011
(#10001187) | Main St., Cemetery St., Prizery St., Edmunds Boulevard, Mary Bethune St., Cowford Rd., Maple Ave., Church St., and Cary St.
36°45′58″N 78°55′43″W / 36.7661°N 78.9286°W / 36.7661; -78.9286 (Town of Halifax Court House Historic District) | Halifax |  |
| 38 | Vaughan House |  | January 24, 2019
(#100003348) | 1014 Washington Ave.
36°42′12″N 78°54′02″W / 36.7033°N 78.9006°W / 36.7033; -78.9006 (Vaughan House) | South Boston |  |
| 39 | Walters-Moshier House |  | February 14, 2018
(#100002135) | 1421 N. Main St.
36°42′30″N 78°53′56″W / 36.7082°N 78.8989°W / 36.7082; -78.8989 (Walters-Moshier House) | South Boston |  |


title: Ziya Meral

abstract: Ziya Meral is a UK based Turkish-British academic and advisor. He specialises on global trends shaping defence and security, politics and foreign policies of Turkey and the Middle East, religion and violent conflict issues. He is a Lecturer in International Studies and Diplomacy at the School of Oriental and Asian Studies, University of London. He is also a Senior Associate Fellow senior associate fellow at the Royal United Services Institute, a Visiting Fellow of the Royal Navy's Strategic Studies Centre, and a Senior Associate Fellow of the European Leadership Network. He is the co-founder and Senior Associate of the Climate Change and (In)Security project, a joint initiative of the UK Army and University of Oxford and was a Council Member of the British Institute at Ankara. From 2015-2023, he was based at the UK Army's Centre for Historical Analysis and Conflict Research at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, where he led a large programme on global trends impacting UK defense, which commissioned and hosted more than 140 academics and experts at events for more than 9,000 UK defence personnel. Dr Ziya Meral continues to lecture on international security trends at the UK Army's Junior Officers Tactical Awareness Course. He was the founding director of the Centre on Religion and Global Affairs- a London, Accra and Beirut based initiative exploring impact of religions on global developments. He regularly gives talks, lectures and expert statements at leading academic, political, military and diplomatic institutions and conferences, including the UK House of Commons and House of Lords, the U.S. Congress, US State Department, NATO Defence College, EU Commission, UK FCDO and MoD and US Military Academy West Point. During 2010–2011, he was a Joseph Crapa Fellow at the US Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF)- a federal body that produces policy proposals for the US government, researching on prevention of ethno-religious violence.

text:
# Ziya Meral

**Ziya Meral** is a UK based Turkish-British academic and advisor. He specialises on global trends shaping defence and security, politics and foreign policies of Turkey and the Middle East, religion and violent conflict issues. He is a Lecturer in International Studies and Diplomacy at the School of Oriental and Asian Studies, University of London. He is also a Senior Associate Fellow senior associate fellow at the Royal United Services Institute, a Visiting Fellow of the Royal Navy's Strategic Studies Centre, and a Senior Associate Fellow of the European Leadership Network. He is the co-founder and Senior Associate of the Climate Change and (In)Security project, a joint initiative of the UK Army and University of Oxford and was a Council Member of the British Institute at Ankara. From 2015-2023, he was based at the UK Army's Centre for Historical Analysis and Conflict Research at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, where he led a large programme on global trends impacting UK defense, which commissioned and hosted more than 140 academics and experts at events for more than 9,000 UK defence personnel. Dr Ziya Meral continues to lecture on international security trends at the UK Army's Junior Officers Tactical Awareness Course. He was the founding director of the Centre on Religion and Global Affairs- a London, Accra and Beirut based initiative exploring impact of religions on global developments. He regularly gives talks, lectures and expert statements at leading academic, political, military and diplomatic institutions and conferences, including the UK House of Commons and House of Lords, the U.S. Congress, US State Department, NATO Defence College, EU Commission, UK FCDO and MoD and US Military Academy West Point. During 2010–2011, he was a Joseph Crapa Fellow at the US Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF)- a federal body that produces policy proposals for the US government, researching on prevention of ethno-religious violence.

## Education

He holds a 1st Class BA Hons from Brunel University in London, M.Div. from International School of Theology in the Philippines, MSc in sociology from the London School of Economics and a Ph.D. in political science at the University of Cambridge.

## Media

He is a frequent commentator in international and British media, including live interviews on Al Jazeera, BBC News, BBC World, France 24 and BBC Radio's the Today Programme. He has been cited by various British and international newspapers on developments in Turkey and Middle East, including the New York Times, the Financial Times, the Atlantic, the Sunday Times, the Daily Telegraph, the CNN, the National Geographic, the Times.

1. "CCI Project".
2. "People at the BIAA | About the BIAA | BIAA". *biaa.ac.uk*. Retrieved 2021-08-21.
3. *Ziya Meral's website*
4. *USCIRF*
5. University of Cambridge


title: Naval Protection Force (Germany)

abstract: The Naval Protection Force was a marine unit of the German Navy. It had the size of a battalion and was part of the 1st Flotilla. It was established on April 1, 2005, but traces its roots back to 1958, when the so-called Sea battalion (Seebataillon) was activated. Its headquarters was in Eckernförde on the Baltic Sea. Next to the Naval Special Deployment Force, the Naval Protection Force were considered to be a marine element within the German Navy. The Naval Protection Force battalion was organized into five units: one staff and support company, three naval protection companies and one military intelligence platoon. On 1 April 2014 the Naval Protection Force became an integral part of the re-formed Seebataillon.

text:
# Naval Protection Force (Germany)

The **Naval Protection Force** (German: Marineschutzkräfte — MSK) was a marine unit of the German Navy. It had the size of a battalion and was part of the 1st Flotilla (*Einsatzflottille 1*). It was established on April 1, 2005, but traces its roots back to 1958, when the so-called *Sea battalion* (*Seebataillon*) was activated. Its headquarters was in Eckernförde on the Baltic Sea. Next to the *Naval Special Deployment Force* (Spezialisierte Einsatzkräfte Marine, SEKM), the Naval Protection Force were considered to be a marine element within the German Navy.

The Naval Protection Force battalion was organized into five units: one staff and support company, three naval protection companies and one military intelligence platoon.

On 1 April 2014 the Naval Protection Force became an integral part of the re-formed *Seebataillon* (Naval Force Protection Battalion).

## Structure

The Naval Protection Force (*Marineschutzkräfte*) consisted out of around 500 soldiers and structured into a staff company, three combat companies plus a HUMINT platoon. Every company, led by a lieutenant (*Kapitänleutnant*, OF-2).

* **Marineschutzkräfte** (HQ)
    + Staff and Support Company (S1, S2, S3, S4, S6)
    + 1st Company
        - 1st platoon
        - 2nd platoon
        - 3rd platoon
        - 4th platoon
    + 2nd Company
        - 1st platoon
        - 2nd platoon
        - 3rd platoon
        - 4th platoon
    + 3rd Company
        - 1st platoon
        - 2nd platoon
        - 3rd platoon
        - 4th platoon
    + HUMINT platoon

## Deployments

Despite their short time of existence (8 years), the German Naval Protection Forces participated in a range of national and international Deployments.

### International Deployments

### National Deployments

* Protection of US-American facilities as part of the Host Nation Support in 2003
* Protection of US-American ships during the Kiel Week
* Protection of the Ammunition Supply Ship Westerwald during the mission- and training passage to South Africa and back

## Equipment

### Personal Weapons

### Anti-Tank- / Anti-Structure Weapons

### Vehicles

| Name | Type | Picture |
| --- | --- | --- |
|
| Dingo 1/2 | Infantry mobility vehicle |  |
| MAN trucks | Truck |  |
| Mercedes-Benz Axor 1829 A 4x4 | Truck |  |
| Unimog trucks | Truck |  |
| Mercedes-Benz 250 GD "Wolf" | Utility car |  |

Official information on marine de:

Other information:

## InfoBox

| Naval Protection Force (*Marineschutzkräfte*) | |
| --- | --- |
| Active | 1 April 2005 - 31 March 2014 |
| Country | Germany |
| Branch | German Navy |
| Type | Marines |
| Role | Force Protection |
| Size | 496 troops |
| Garrison/HQ | Eckernförde, Schleswig-Holstein |


abstract: The Zimbabwean cricket team toured Australia in the 2003–04 season. On the tour, the Zimbabweans played two unclassified matches, one First-class match, three List A matches and two Tests, as well as taking part in the 2003–04 VB Series with Australia and India – who were touring Australia for four Tests at the same time. The Zimbabweans lost all but one international match – both Tests and seven of the eight One Day Internationals – the exception being called off for rain. The tour was notable for Matthew Hayden's score of 380 in the first Test, this being the highest individual score in Test cricket at the time, beating Brian Lara's 375.

text:
# Zimbabwean cricket team in Australia in 2003–04

The **Zimbabwean cricket team toured Australia** in the 2003–04 season. On the tour, the Zimbabweans played two unclassified matches, one First-class match, three List A matches and two Tests, as well as taking part in the 2003–04 VB Series with Australia and India – who were touring Australia for four Tests at the same time. The Zimbabweans lost all but one international match – both Tests and seven of the eight One Day Internationals – the exception being called off for rain.

The tour was notable for Matthew Hayden's score of 380 in the first Test, this being the highest individual score in Test cricket at the time, beating Brian Lara's 375.

## Tour matches

### Three-day: Zimbabweans v Rockingham-Mandurah Invitational XI

* Rockingham-Mandurah Invitational XI won the toss and elected to field.
* This match did not have First-class status.

### 50-over: Zimbabweans v Cricket Australia Chairman's XI

* Cricket Australia Chairman's XI won the toss and elected to bat.
* This match did not have List A status.

### First-class: Zimbabweans v Western Australia

* Western Australia won the toss and elected to field.

### List A: Zimbabweans v Australia A

* Zimbabweans won the toss and elected to bat.

### List A: Zimbabweans v Western Australia

* Western Australia won the toss and elected to bat.

### List A: Zimbabweans v Australia A

* Australia A won the toss and elected to bat.

## Test series

### 1st Test

* Zimbabwe won the toss and elected to field.

Matthew Hayden recorded the highest score ever in Test cricket, at the time, with his 380 in the first innings, surpassing the 375 set by Brian Lara in Antigua a decade earlier. Lara went on to reclaim the record less than six months later, however, with his 400 not out against England.

### 2nd Test

### Records

Australia's Matthew Hayden was named Man of the Series for his 501 runs over the two Tests and the historic triple-century. Comparatively, Mark Vermeulen scored the most runs for Zimbabwe with 166. Andy Bichel took the most wickets of the series with 10, with Ray Price taking six for Zimbabwe.

* *Playfair Cricket Annual*
* *Wisden Cricketers Almanack*

## InfoBox

| Zimbabwean cricket team in Australia in 2003–04 | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 28 September 2003 – 3 February 2004 |
| Location | Australia |
| Result | Australia won the two-Test series 2–0 |
| Player of the series | Matthew Hayden |
| Teams  Australia  Zimbabwe  Captains  Steve Waugh Heath Streak  Most runs  Matthew Hayden (501)
Ricky Ponting (259)
Steve Waugh (139) Mark Vermeulen (166)
Stuart Carlisle (160)
Heath Streak (119)  Most wickets  Andy Bichel (10)
Simon Katich (6)
Jason Gillespie (5) Ray Price (6)
Sean Ervine (4)
Andy Blignaut (3) | |
|


# Zimbabwean cricket team in Bangladesh in 2014–15

The Zimbabwe cricket team toured Bangladesh from 26 October to 1 December 2014. The tour consisted of three Test matches and five One Day International matches. Bangladesh won the Test series 3–0 and the ODI series 5–0.

## Squads

| Tests | | ODIs | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bangladesh | Zimbabwe | Bangladesh | Zimbabwe |
|  |  |  |  |
|

## Tour matches

### 3-Day Warm Up: Bangladesh Cricket Board XI vs Zimbabweans

* Zimbabweans won the toss & elected to bat
* Players per side 14 (11 batting, 11 fielding)

### Practice Match: Bangladesh Cricket Board XI vs Zimbabweans

* Zimbabweans won the toss and chose to field
* Players per side 13 (11 batting, 11 fielding)

## Test series

### 1st Test

### 2nd Test

### 3rd Test

* Bangladesh won the toss and elected to bat.
* Bangladesh achieved their 1st ever 3-0 Test-series whitewash.

## ODI series

### 1st ODI

### 2nd ODI

* Bangladesh won the toss and elected to bat.

### 3rd ODI

* Zimbabwe won the toss and elected to field.
* Peter Moor (Zim) made his ODI debut.

### 4th ODI

* Bangladesh won the toss and elected to bat.
* Jubair Hossain (Ban) made his ODI debut.

### 5th ODI

## InfoBox

| Zimbabwean cricket team in Bangladesh in 2014–15 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |
|  | Bangladesh | Zimbabwe |
| Dates | 26 October – 1 December 2014 | | |
| Captains | Mashrafe Mortaza (ODI)
Mushfiqur Rahim (Tests) | Elton Chigumbura (ODI)
Brendan Taylor (Tests) |
| Test series | | | |
| Result | Bangladesh won the 3-match series 3–0 | | |
| Most runs | Mominul Haque (321) | Hamilton Masakadza (356) |
| Most wickets | Shakib Al Hasan (18) | Tinashe Panyangara (14) |
| Player of the series | Shakib Al Hasan (Ban) | | |
| One Day International series | | | |
| Results | Bangladesh won the 5-match series 5–0 | | |
| Most runs | Mushfiqur Rahim (213) | Brendan Taylor (162) |
| Most wickets | Shakib Al Hasan (11) | Tinashe Panyangara (9) |
| Player of the series | Mushfiqur Rahim (Ban) | | |


title: Natália Blahová

abstract: Natália Blahová is a Slovak politician, who served as a Member of the National Council of the Slovak Republic for the Freedom and Solidarity (SaS) party from 2010 to 2012 and from 2016 to 2020. In 2019, she was expelled from SaS and subsequently joined the Democratic Party.

text:
# Natália Blahová

**Natália Blahová** (birth name **Natália Kániková**; born 19 February 1974) is a Slovak politician, who served as a Member of the National Council of the Slovak Republic for the Freedom and Solidarity (SaS) party from 2010 to 2012 and from 2016 to 2020. In 2019, she was expelled from SaS and subsequently joined the Democratic Party.

## Biography

Blahová was born Natália Kániková on 19 February 1974 in Trnava, Czechoslovakia. From 1989 to 1992 she studied at the Ján Hollý Gymnasium in Trnava. In 1999 she graduated from the Faculty of Education at the University of Constantine the Philosopher in Nitra. In 2009 she graduated from the Department of Social Work at the Faculty of Education of Comenius University in Bratislava.

Since 1998 she has worked as a teacher and educator. Since 2006 she has worked for the Association of Foster Families as a social counsellor for foster parenting, focusing on accompaniment, representation and legal counselling. During this period she also worked as an external collaborator of the Civic Association Návrat as a counsellor for surrogate parenthood and coordinator of the Surrogate Families Club. She is the editor of the professional journal on surrogate parenthood, *Not Being Alone*.

Since 2012 she has been working as a social counsellor at the Association of Surrogate Families.

As of 2021, she is working as a social counsellor.

## Political career

Since 2006 she has been a civil activist focusing on children's rights and civil rights.

After the 2010 elections, she became a member of the Slovak Parliament for the Freedom and Solidarity Party. She was vice-chair of the Social Affairs Committee of the National Assembly. She worked as an external advisor to the Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family on family policy.

She stood as a candidate for SaS in the early parliamentary elections in 2012, but did not make it to Parliament.

In 2014, she unsuccessfully stood as a candidate for SaS in the European elections.

She was the 12th candidate for the SaS party in the 2016 parliamentary elections. She received 9 226 valid preferential votes. She was the chairwoman of the SaS parliamentary caucus and the verifier of the Committee on Human Rights and National Minorities of the Slovak Parliament.

In April 2017, she initiated the dismissal of the Minister of Labour, Social Affairs and Family Ján Richter. Blaha's blog started the Clean Day case. She gave a nearly three-hour speech at the meeting where she quoted from the testimonies of alleged former clients of the facility. In the end, the minister was not recalled at the night session: 57 MPs were in favour, 68 against and two did not vote.

After she wrote that she considered SaS to be a dangerous party, she was expelled from the party by secret ballot by 83 of the 112 attendees at the party's congress in October 2019, following a motion by Michal Sklienka that she was damaging the party's reputation and thus violating the party's statutes.

She has already run as the 3rd candidate on the Democratic Party ticket in the February 2020 general election.

## InfoBox

| Natália Blahová | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the National Council of the Slovak Republic | |
| **In office**
2016–2020 | |
| Vice-Chairwoman of the Social Affairs Committee of the National Council of the Slovak Republic | |
| **In office**
2010–2012 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Natália Kániková
(1974-02-19) 19 February 1974
Trnava, Czechoslovakia |
| Political party | Freedom and Solidarity (2009–2019)
Democratic Party (from 2019) |
| Education | Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra
Comenius University |
| Occupation | Politician, teacher |
|  | |


title: Zippy Kidstore

abstract: Zippy is a Portuguese brand specialized in babies and infants, that serves parents and children from birth to preteen. It offers a wide range of clothing and accessories, childcare products, furniture and toys, at very affordable prices. Integrated in Sonae's universe, the brand opened in March 2004 in GaiaShopping, and has 38 stores in Portugal. Currently Zippy is present in 20 countries with over 100 stores. In November 2014, to celebrate its ten years of existence, Zippy introduced a more modern and interactive store concept, with new technologies such as digital displays and a digital "playground" where children can play. In addition, Zippy also launched new services for families, as custom childcare counseling sessions, breastfeeding pump rental and replacement trolleys in case of failure. In 2014 the brand also launched its online store, available in Portugal and Spain.

text:
# Zippy Kidstore

**Zippy** is a Portuguese brand specialized in babies and infants, that serves parents and children from birth to preteen. It offers a wide range of clothing and accessories, childcare products, furniture and toys, at very affordable prices.

Integrated in Sonae's universe, the brand opened in March 2004 in GaiaShopping, and has 38 stores in Portugal. Currently Zippy is present in 20 countries with over 100 stores.

In November 2014, to celebrate its ten years of existence, Zippy introduced a more modern and interactive store concept, with new technologies such as digital displays and a digital "playground" where children can play.

In addition, Zippy also launched new services for families, as custom childcare counseling sessions, breastfeeding pump rental and replacement trolleys in case of failure.

In 2014 the brand also launched its online store, available in Portugal and Spain.

## Innovation

Zippy was the first children's clothing brand in the world to incorporate a colorblind code in its products – ColorADD – allowing an easy and correct identification of colors, in the Spring-Summer 2013 collection.

In June 2015, Zippy launched the first line of children T-shirts with mosquitoes repellent, having already launched a T-shirts line with Ultraviolet Protection Factor. Also in 2015, the brand announced the antibacterial baby line, which inhibits the spread of bacteria.

## Awards

Zippy was elected "Trusted Brand" for the 3rd consecutive year in the children's clothing stores and childcare category.

Zippy was also voted “Best Brand” in 2015 in the Fashion category by Marketeer, a Portuguese magazine.

## Internationalization

The brand's internationalization started in 2009, in Spain, where Sonae SR began operating outside Portugal. Today Sonae continues to make a strong commitment in expanding Zippy.

In September 2010, Zippy began its expansion in the Middle East with the opening of stores in Saudi Arabia. In June 2011 was the opening of the first Zippy store in Turkey. In July, the brand arrived in Egypt. In August, Zippy opened the first store in Kazakhstan.

In August 2012, Sonae announced the opening of Zippy stores in Lebanon. In October, was the announcement of Zippy's entry in Azerbaijan and Dominican Republic. In November, Sonae opened the first two Zippy stores in Venezuela.

In March 2013, Sonae exported Zippy for the Moroccan market, extending its presence to North Africa. In September 2013, the first Zippy store opened in Jordan and, in October, in Qatar. In 2013 Zippy also started the wholesale channel which currently has over 175 retail outlets worldwide.

In the first quarter of 2014 the brand arrived in Armenia and Kuwait. In the third quarter of 2014, Zippy expanded its activity in Latin America with the opening of the first store in Chile and opened its first store in Georgia, strengthening its presence in the Caucasus.

In March 2015, Sonae opened the first Zippy store in Ecuador under the expansion plan in Latin America. In May, Zippy opened its first store in Iraq (Kurdistan), expanding the brand's presence in the Middle East. In September, the brand announced the entry into four new countries of Central America: El Salvador, Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Guatemala.

## InfoBox

Zippy
|
|  |
| Industry | Retail |
| Founded | 2004 |
| Headquarters | Matosinhos, Porto, Portugal |
| Website | www.zippykidstore.com |


title: Zodarion guadianense

abstract: Zodarion guadianense is a spider species found in Portugal.

text:
# Zodarion guadianense

***Zodarion guadianense*** is a spider species found in Portugal.

## InfoBox

| *Zodarion guadianense* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Zodariidae |
| Genus: | *Zodarion* |
| Species: | ***Z. guadianense*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Zodarion guadianense***<br>Cardoso, 2003 | |
|


title: Zodarion fuscum

abstract: Zodarion fuscum is a species of spider. It was first discovered in Swindon in 1997, and is also found in southern France and northern Spain, and Portugal.

text:
# Zodarion fuscum

***Zodarion fuscum*** is a species of spider. It was first discovered in Swindon in 1997, and is also found in southern France and northern Spain, and Portugal.

## InfoBox

| *Zodarion fuscum* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Zodariidae |
| Genus: | *Zodarion* |
| Species: | ***Z. fuscum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Zodarion fuscum***<br>(Simon, 1870) | |
|


title: Zoe Salmon

abstract: Zoe Salmon is a television presenter from Northern Ireland who hosted the children's television programme Blue Peter from 23 December 2004 to 25 June 2008. She also appeared on Dancing on Ice in early 2009. She was the 1999 Miss Northern Ireland.

text:
# Zoe Salmon

**Zoe Salmon** is a television presenter from Northern Ireland who hosted the children's television programme *Blue Peter* from 23 December 2004 to 25 June 2008. She also appeared on *Dancing on Ice* in early 2009. She was the 1999 Miss Northern Ireland.

## Life and career

Salmon was born in Bangor, County Down, Northern Ireland. She attended Kilmaine Primary School and Glenlola Collegiate School while growing up in Bangor, a town on the east coast of Northern Ireland which she says is her "favourite place.... It's a really pretty seaside town with a marina which is lovely in the summer". She then attended Queen's University, Belfast, where she gained a 2:1 degree in law, before qualifying as a solicitor. She was crowned Miss Northern Ireland in 1999 (beating future *Big Brother* contestant Orlaith McAllister). In 2009 she was placed at number 20 on *FHM*'s 100 sexiest women.

In 2016, Salmon married William Corrie, in Barbados. On 1 April 2022, Salmon gave birth to their first child, a boy named Fitz (Fitzwilliam) Salmon-Corrie.

### *Blue Peter*

Salmon was revealed as the 30th *Blue Peter* presenter on 25 October 2004. She first appeared on the show on 23 December 2004, in its Christmas special. She was originally meant to replace Liz Barker when the latter left on maternity leave; however, Barker had already returned by the time Salmon made her debut. She presented the show with Konnie Huq, Simon Thomas, Matt Baker, Liz Barker, Gethin Jones and Andy Akinwolere.

Shortly after her debut, she said "I'd Try Anything Once", which started a trend in her being asked to do dangerous or embarrassing things including wing-walking on top of an antique biplane and stamp collecting. When she mentioned in her blog on the *Blue Peter* website that she had an ambition to be sawn in half by a magician, viewers started a campaign for her to do a challenge where she would become a magician's assistant. This campaign was successful, and Salmon filmed a challenge where she assisted a magician with a number of illusions including levitation and a transposition illusion called "The Assistants Revenge". After the filmed segment of the challenge had been shown, the magician joined Salmon in the studio for a live performance of the sawing in half illusion, in which Salmon was sawn in half inside a clear-sided box in a version of the illusion called "Clearly Impossible".

In 2006 she made an item for the show about the making of the film *St Trinians*. She played a small role in the film, as a non-speaking extra.

Salmon left the show in June 2008 at the start of the summer break, at the same time as Gethin Jones.

Shortly after making her first appearance on *Blue Peter*, the BBC received complaints after it was alleged that her job was only advertised in Northern Ireland and Scotland, meaning they were potentially discriminating against people with certain regional accents. The BBC, however, denied any discrimination, and insisted the advertisement had been placed in newspapers throughout the UK.

Other media reports at the time "suggested she had been chosen to 'sex up' the programme and boost ratings in the competitive children’s marketplace. It is an idea denied by the producers of *Blue Peter*." In January 2006, novelist Kate Figes further criticised Salmon in an article in *The Guardian*, writing that Salmon "rarely seems comfortable around children and talks to them in slow, patronising tones. She comes over as insincere and fatuous and my daughters don't like her any more than I do." Figes claimed that Salmon was "encouraged by the programme editors to present herself as a sexual bimbo", and that the show was being "sexed up or dumbed down". Richard Marson, *Blue Peter'*s editor, characterised the article as 'character assassination', and denied that the show was "being sexed up or dumbed down".

Salmon faced criticism when she chose a symbol for a 'Best of British' logo, to be used by British Airways to decorate a Boeing 757. She said 'I'm from Ulster, and I'd like to cover a plane with the Red Hand of Ulster: that is our proud symbol.' The symbol is frequently used by loyalists and paramilitaries, though it is also used by Republicans and nationalists and is emblazoned on the nine-county flag for the province of Ulster, as well as the old Northern Ireland flag, and by the GAA (including the Tyrone GAA's crest).. Salmon caused more controversy a week later by selecting a map of Ireland covered in the Union Jack as one of her favourites.

In 2012 using her Twitter account, Salmon spoke out against the removal of the Union flag from Belfast City Hall after Belfast City Council passed a vote stating it should only be flown on designated days.

### Television and film appearances

One of her earliest roles was a quick appearance as the original bearer of the Ruby Slippers in a little known re-telling of the *Wizard of Oz* made for British Channel 5 in 1995. She had auditioned for the role of Dorothy, but lost to Denise van Outen.

In 2005, Salmon presented the results of the Northern Ireland region in *Making Your Mind Up*, the UK's national pre-selection for the Eurovision Song Contest 2005. She welcomed the television audience to Belfast with the line "How's about you, Terry?"

Salmon appeared in the 2007 version of *Comic Relief Does Fame Academy*, with several celebrity opponents, including BBC Sport presenter and journalist Ray Stubbs, former CBBC presenter Angellica Bell and BBC Radio 1 and BBC Radio 5 Live presenter Colin Murray. Salmon was the fifth celebrity voted out. Also in 2007, she switched on the Belfast Christmas lights with Shayne Ward.

After leaving *Blue Peter* in June 2008, she presented the gameshow *Hot Rods* which began a BBC2 run on 30 August. She joined Noel Edmonds and Same Difference as a guest at a kids' party at the Northumberland town of Morpeth which featured in 2008's *Noel's Christmas Presents* show on Sky1.

Salmon took part in the fourth series of *Dancing on Ice*, partnering Matt Evers and reached the quarter-finals.

Salmon appeared on *The Chris Moyles Show* in January 2009 and went on a date with early breakfast presenter Greg James as part of the BBC Radio 1 money experiment.

She appeared on the first episode of BBC One Saturday night gameshow *Hole in the Wall* hosted by Dale Winton. Salmon has a cameo in the CBBC sitcom *Dani's House*, as Dani's long lost celebrity friend 'Mo White'. In May 2009 she appeared in *FHM* magazine with another *Blue Peter* ex-presenter Konnie Huq. Two separate collectable covers were printed for the issue featuring the two women, but the content of the magazines were identical.

In 2009 she appeared on *Shooting Stars* on Jack Dee's team.

In 2009 she presented 8-part series *Skillicious* on CITV alongside Nigel Clarke. The show encouraged children to try out new skills. She loved beatboxing. She co-presented the World's Strongest Man competition in the UK with Martin Bayfield and became one of the presenters on new Sky1 live lifestyle chat show *Angela and Friends*.

On 15 February 2011, she presented a programme for BBC Three called *The Big Fat Truth About Low Fat Foods* in which she underwent an experiment whereby she agreed to be filmed during a month of eating a diet consisting of only diet and 'healthy' processed foods.

On 31 October 2011, Zoe hosted "Celebrity Wish List" on Channel 5 where she surprised 500 Scottish Young Carers at their annual weekend break by bringing McFly to perform for them and putting together a film to help the Carers secure funding for future events.

In 2011, she also co-hosted *Compete for the Meat* alongside Al Murray on Dave.

## Charity work

In 2006, Salmon ran the London Marathon and gave the money to the registered charity ChildLine.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2004 | *Blue Peter* | Herself | Main presenter until June 2008 |
| 2005 | *Making Your Mind Up* | Herself | Delivered the votes from Northern Ireland |
| | *Totally Blue Peter* | Magazine Boss (villain) | Main role |
| 2006 | *Comic Relief Does Fame Academy* | Herself | Contestant (out fifth) |
| | *St Trinian's* | Cameo | Guest appearance |
| 2008 | *Best of Friends* | Herself | Guest presenter on activity special alongside Iwan Thomas |
| | *The Weakest Link* | Herself | Contestant on *Blue Peter* Special |
| | *Bratz Academy* | Herself | Presenter |
| | *Dani's House* | Molly White | Guest role |
| | *Hot Rods* | Herself | Main presenter |
| | *SMart* | Herself | Guest presenter 1 episode |
| | *Hole in the Wall* | Herself | Contestant on episode 1 |
| | *Noel's Christmas Presents* | Herself | Guest at party for children of Morpeth |
| 2009 | *Dancing on Ice* | Herself | Contestant (5th place) |
| | *Shooting Stars* | Herself | Team contestant |
| | *Angela and Friends* | Herself | Panellist, Book expert |
| | *Worlds Strongest Man 2009* | Herself | Co-presenter |
| 2010 | *Get Him to the Greek* | Herself/cameo | Journalist |
| | *The Love Bus* | Herself | Presenter |
| 2011 | *The Big Fat Truth About Low Fat Foods* | Herself | Presenter |
| | *Celebrity Wish List* | Herself | Presenter, episode 5 'Scottish Young Carers' |
| 2012 | *Celebrity Masterchef* | Herself | Contestant |
| 2015 | *Pointless Celebrities* | Herself | Contestant |
| 2016 | *Celebrity Island with Bear Grylls* | Herself | Contestant |

## InfoBox

| Zoe Salmon | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Bangor, Northern Ireland |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Television presenter |
| Known for | *Blue Peter* presenter<br>Miss Northern Ireland (1999) |
| Spouse | William Corrie (m. 2016) |
| Children | 1 |


title: National Vocational Qualification

abstract: National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs) are practical work-based awards in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland that are achieved through assessment and training. The regulatory framework supporting NVQs was withdrawn in 2015 and replaced by the Regulated Qualifications Framework (RQF), although the term "NVQ" may be used in RQF qualifications if they "are based on recognised occupational standards, work-based and/or simulated work-based assessment, and where they confer occupational competence". As the NVQ is based on a student's practical skills, it is completed in the workplace. The NVQ was assessed by building up a portfolio of evidence based on the student's professional experience. At the end of the NVQ, the student undergoes final practical assessments, during which an NVQ assessor will observe and ask questions. To achieve an NVQ, candidates have to prove that they have the ability (competence) to carry out their job to the required standard. NVQs are based upon meeting National Occupational Standards, which describe the "competencies" expected in any given job role. NVQs are not graded "pass" or "fail". Instead, an NVQ is graded either "Competent" or, if further work must be completed, "Not Yet Competent". Typically, candidates work towards an NVQ that reflects their role in a paid or voluntary position. For example, someone working in an administrative office role may take an NVQ in Business and Administration. There are five levels of NVQ, ranging from Level 1, which focuses on basic work activities, to Level 5 for senior management. Although NVQs such as NVQ Level 3 can be roughly translated as being at the same level as a GCE Advanced Level or BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma, in terms of depth and vigor of study, the NVQ cannot be compared with other academic qualifications at the same level, i.e. GCE Advanced Levels and the BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma. For this reason, the NVQ Level 3 does not attract UCAS points and cannot be used for university admission. In Scotland, the approximately equivalent qualification is the Scottish Vocational Qualification. They are the responsibility of the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Apprenticeships and Skills in the Department for Education.

text:
# National Vocational Qualification

**National Vocational Qualifications** (**NVQs**) are practical work-based awards in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland that are achieved through assessment and training. The regulatory framework supporting NVQs was withdrawn in 2015 and replaced by the Regulated Qualifications Framework (RQF), although the term "NVQ" may be used in RQF qualifications if they "are based on recognised occupational standards, work-based and/or simulated work-based assessment, and where they confer occupational competence".

As the NVQ is based on a student's practical skills, it is completed in the workplace. The NVQ was assessed by building up a portfolio of evidence based on the student's professional experience. At the end of the NVQ, the student undergoes final practical assessments, during which an NVQ assessor will observe and ask questions. To achieve an NVQ, candidates have to prove that they have the ability (competence) to carry out their job to the required standard. NVQs are based upon meeting National Occupational Standards, which describe the "competencies" expected in any given job role.

NVQs are not graded "pass" or "fail". Instead, an NVQ is graded either "Competent" (which is seen as passing the NVQ) or, if further work must be completed, "Not Yet Competent" (which is regarded as failing the NVQ). Typically, candidates work towards an NVQ that reflects their role in a paid or voluntary position. For example, someone working in an administrative office role may take an NVQ in Business and Administration. There are five levels of NVQ, ranging from Level 1, which focuses on basic work activities, to Level 5 for senior management.

Although NVQs such as NVQ Level 3 can be roughly translated as being at the same level as a GCE Advanced Level or BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma, in terms of depth and vigor of study, the NVQ cannot be compared with other academic qualifications at the same level, i.e. GCE Advanced Levels and the BTEC Level 3 Extended Diploma (an A\* at A-Level is equivalent to a D\* at BTEC Level 3). For this reason, the NVQ Level 3 does not attract UCAS points and cannot be used for university admission.

In Scotland, the approximately equivalent qualification is the Scottish Vocational Qualification. They are the responsibility of the Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Apprenticeships and Skills in the Department for Education.

## Levels

NVQs are competence-based qualifications. The five levels of NVQ are defined as having the following competencies:

* Level 1 – Competence, which involves the application of knowledge and skills in the performance of a range of varied work activities most of which may be routine and predictable.
* Level 2 – Competence, which involves the application of knowledge and skills in a significant range of varied work activities, performed in a variety of contexts. Some of the activities are complex or non-routine, and there is some individual responsibility or autonomy. Collaboration with others, perhaps through membership of a work group or team, may often be a requirement.
* Level 3 – Competence, which involves the application of knowledge and skills in a broad range of varied work activities performed in a wide variety of contexts and most of which are complex and non-routine. There is considerable responsibility and autonomy, and control or guidance of others is often required.
* Level 4 – Competence, which involves the application of knowledge and skills in a broad range of complex, technical, or professional work activities performed in a wide variety of contexts and with a substantial degree of personal responsibility and autonomy. Responsibility for the work of others and the allocation of resources is often present.
* Level 5 – Competence, which involves the application of skills and a significant range of fundamental principles and complex techniques across a wide and often unpredictable variety of contexts. Very substantial personal autonomy and often a significant responsibility for the work of others and for the allocation of substantial resources feature strongly, as do personal accountabilities for analysis and diagnosis, design, planning, execution and evaluation.

## Approximate academic equivalents

### Equivalents published by the UK government

Gov.uk lists the equivalents for academic qualifications between the Regulated Qualifications Framework (RQF) and the framework for Higher Education Qualifications (FHEQ).

| RQF/FHEQ Level | NVQ level | RQF examples | FHEQ examples |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Entry |  | * Entry level certificate * Entry level Skills for Life * Entry level award, certificate and diploma * Entry level Functional Skills * Entry level Foundation Learning |  |
| 1 | 1 |  |
| 2 | 2 | * GCSE (grades A\*–C) * Key Skills level 2 * NVQ level 2 * Skills for Life level 2 * Higher diploma * BTEC award, certificate and diploma level 2 * Functional Skills level 2 |  |
| 3 | 3 | * AS and A level * Advanced Extension Award * Cambridge International award * International Baccalaureate * Key Skills level 3 * NVQ level 3 * Advanced diploma * Progression diploma * BTEC award, certificate and diploma level 3 * BTEC National * OCR National * Cambridge National * Cambridge Technicals |  |
| 4 | 4 | * Certificate of higher education * Key Skills level 4 * NVQ level 4 | * BTEC Professional award, certificate and diploma level 4 * Certificate of higher education * HNC |
| 5 | | * HND * NVQ level 4 * Higher diploma * BTEC Professional award, certificate and diploma level 5 * HNC * HND | * Diploma of higher education * Diploma of further education * Foundation degree * HND |
| 6 | | * NVQ level 4 * BTEC Advanced Professional award, certificate and diploma level 6 | * Bachelor's degree * Graduate certificate * Graduate diploma |
| 7 | 5 | * BTEC Advanced Professional award, certificate and diploma level 7 * Fellowship and fellowship diploma * Postgraduate certificate * Postgraduate diploma * NVQ level 5 | * Master's degree * Postgraduate certificate * Postgraduate diploma |
| 8 | | * NVQ level 5 * Vocational qualifications level 8 | Doctorate |

### Research by the London School of Economics

NVQs are not formally defined in terms of equivalence to conventional academic qualifications. However, for the compilation of social statistics and other purposes, approximate equivalences have to be established. The following equivalences are used by the London School of Economics's Research Lab

* NVQ 1 = foundation GNVQ, three to four GCSEs at grades D-E, Business & Technology Education Council (BTEC) first certificate.
* NVQ 2 = four or five GCSEs at grades A\*–C, BTEC first diploma.
* NVQ 3 = two or more A levels, BTEC Ordinary National Diploma (OND), City & Guilds Advanced Craft.
* NVQ 4 = BTEC Higher National Certificate (HNC) or Higher National Diploma (HND), or City & Guilds Full Technological Certificate / Diploma
* NVQ 5 = NQF 7–8

### City and Guilds

Licentiateship (post nominal: LCGI) sits on level 4 of the National Qualifications Framework, and is therefore comparable to lower NVQ level 4. Both Graduateship (GCGI) and Associateship (ACGI) are at level six of the National Qualifications Framework, compared by OFQUAL to the highest category NVQs of level 4. Membership (MCGI) is placed on NQF level 7, and Fellowship (FCGI) on level 8, compared by OFQUAL to NVQs of level 5. City & Guilds itself ties each NVQ to the level on the NQF with the same number.

Both Graduateship (GCGI) and Associateship (ACGI) have been awarded, before the year 2004, at level 5 of NVQ.

## NVQ Subjects

* Building and construction, and warehousing and distribution
* Engineering, manufacturing, and transportation operations and maintenance
* Science, horticulture, animal care and veterinary science
* Sport, leisure and recreation, and travel and tourism
* Hospitality and catering and service enterprises
* Language, literature and culture
* Health and social care, public services and child development
* Marketing, sales, administration and business management
* Crafts, creative arts and design, and media and communication
* Direct training and support
* Working within the hair and beauty industry

## Classifications

The NVQ Framework classifies the economy into the following areas:

* Tending animals, plants and land
* Extracting and providing natural resources
* Constructing
* Engineering
* Manufacturing
* Transporting
* Providing goods and services
* Providing health, social and protective services
* Providing business services
* Communicating and information technology
* Developing and extending knowledge and skill

## Further reading

* Wood, R.; Johnson, C.; Blinkhorn, S.; Anderson, S.; Hall, J. (1989). *Boning, Blanching and Backtracking: Assessing Performance in the Workplace*. Sheffield: Training Agency.


title: Zhang Gong (general)

abstract: Zhang Gong is a general in the People's Liberation Army of China who served as political commissar of the Beijing Military Region from 1990 to 1992, political commissar of the Chengdu Military Region from 1992 to 1993, and political commissar of the PLA Academy of Military Science from 1993 to 2000. He was a representative of the 13th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the 14th and 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 7th National People's Congress. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 10th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

text:
# Zhang Gong (general)

**Zhang Gong** (Chinese: 张工; born July 1935) is a general in the People's Liberation Army of China who served as political commissar of the Beijing Military Region from 1990 to 1992, political commissar of the Chengdu Military Region from 1992 to 1993, and political commissar of the PLA Academy of Military Science from 1993 to 2000.

He was a representative of the 13th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a member of the 14th and 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 7th National People's Congress. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 10th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

## Biography

Zhang was born in Guo County (now Yuanping), Shanxi, in July 1935. He enlisted in the People's Liberation Army (PLA) in July 1951, and joined the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in December 1961. He served in the Beijing Military Region (formerly known as North China Military Region) since June 1952, becoming director of Political Department in June 1985 and political commissar in April 1990. He was commissioned as political commissar of the Chengdu Military Region in November 1992, he remained in that position until December 1993, when he was transferred to the PLA Academy of Military Science and given the position of political commissar.

He was promoted to the rank of major general (*shaojiang*) in September 1988, lieutenant general (*zhongjiang*) in July 1990, and general (*shangjiang*) in March 1998.

## InfoBox

| Zhang Gong | |
| --- | --- |
| 张工 | |
|  | |
| Political Commissar of the PLA Academy of Military Science | |
| **In office**
December 1993  June 2000 | |
| President | Zhao Nanqi
Xu Huizi
Liu Jingsong
Wang Zuxun |
| Preceded by | Zhang Xusan |
| Succeeded by | Wen Zongren |
| Political Commissar of the Chengdu Military Region | |
| **In office**
November 1992  December 1993 | |
| Commander | Li Jiulong |
| Preceded by | Gu Shanqing |
| Succeeded by | Zhang Zhijian |
| Political Commissar of the Beijing Military Region | |
| **In office**
April 1990  November 1992 | |
| Commander | Wang Chengbin |
| Preceded by | Liu Zhenhua |
| Succeeded by | Gu Shanqing |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | July 1935 (age 89)
Guo County, Shanxi, China |
| Political party | Chinese Communist Party |
| Alma mater | North China Military Region Military and Political Cadre School |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | People's Republic of China |
| Branch/service | People's Liberation Army Ground Force |
| Years of service | 1951–2000 |
| Rank | General |
|  | |
|  | |
| Chinese name | |
| Simplified Chinese |  |
| Traditional Chinese |  |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Zhāng Gōng | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Zoji-la Tunnel

abstract: Zoji La Tunnel is an under-construction 9.5 m wide, 7.57 m high and 14.2 km long, horseshoe-shaped single-tube, 2 lane road tunnel at the height of 11,575 feet above sea level which passes under the Zoji La pass in the Himalayas between Ganderbal of Kashmir (J&K) and Drass town in Kargil district of Ladakh. The project cost for this smart tunnel (SCADA) system, constructed using the New Austrian tunneling method and equipped with CCTV, radio control, uninterrupted power supply, ventilation, etc is INR 8,308 crore as per 2021 estimates. Together with the adjacent Z-Morh Tunnel, this geostrategically important tunnel on the NH1 Srinagar-Leh Highway will provide year around weather-proof connectivity to Ladakh and Baltal, reduce the earlier 1-1.5 hours travel time to just 15 minutes drive, boost the tourism and economy, and enhance the logistics of the Indian Armed Forces. It is one of the 31 road tunnels being constructed at a combined cost of INR1400 billion.

text:
# Zoji-la Tunnel

**Zoji La Tunnel** is an under-construction 9.5 m wide, 7.57 m high and 14.2 km long, horseshoe-shaped single-tube, 2 lane road tunnel at the height of 11,575 feet (3,528 m) above sea level which passes under the Zoji La pass in the Himalayas between Ganderbal of Kashmir (J&K) and Drass town in Kargil district of Ladakh. The project cost for this smart tunnel (SCADA) system, constructed using the New Austrian tunneling method and equipped with CCTV, radio control, uninterrupted power supply, ventilation, etc is INR 8,308 crore (~US$1.04 billion) as per 2021 estimates. Together with the adjacent Z-Morh Tunnel, this geostrategically important tunnel on the *NH1 Srinagar-Leh Highway* will provide year around weather-proof connectivity to Ladakh and Baltal (Amarnath cave), reduce the earlier 1-1.5 hours travel time to just 15 minutes drive, boost the tourism and economy, and enhance the logistics of the Indian Armed Forces. It is one of the 31 road tunnels (20 in J&K and 11 in Ladakh) being constructed at a combined cost of INR1400 billion (~US$17.5 billion).

## History

Tunnel completion is expected about 5–7 years after commencement of construction in 2018. The tunnel along with 6.5 km long Z-Morh Tunnel, (which is 22 km before Zoji La tunnel towards Srinagar) will ensure year-round road connectivity between Srinagar and Kargil which currently remains closed for about seven months due to heavy snowfall on the Zoji La pass which is situated at an altitude of 3,528 m (11,578 feet) on the Srinagar-Kargil-Leh highway. Zoji La is 15 km from Sonamarg and provides a vital link with Drass and Kargil in Ladakh but remains closed for 6–7 months (from November to May) during winter due to heavy snow fall & snow avalanches.

It takes more than 3 hours to cross the pass but the tunnel will reduce the time. This tunnel was a strategic requirement of the army and the Ladakhi people as the pass is close to the Line of Control (LOC) and vulnerable to hostile actions. Zoji La was recaptured from Pakistani raiders under Operation Bison.

The Zoji La tunnel project was approved by the Government of India in January 2018 and the commencement of its construction was inaugurated by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi in May 2018. The tunnel will be built under EPC mode (engineering, procurement, construction) wherein the Government of India will provide the money and the executing agency will do the construction and will later hand over the project to the Government of India. Earlier it was supposed to be built under PPP mode where private player was supposed to make the investment and later recover via toll but despite calling for bids five times since 2013, no bid came for one time and for the rest only a single private player showed interest; thus each time the bid was cancelled.

## Features

* Its construction period will be five years because of a very difficult terrain where in some areas the temperature drops to -45 °C.

* The project aims at construction of a 14.2 km-long two-lane bi-directional single tube tunnel with a parallel 14.2 km-long egress tunnel. The western portal is at Baltal at about 3,000 m elevation (about 400 m lower than the elevation of the existing highway there), about 15 km east of Sonmarg. The eastern portal after Zoji La is at Minamarg towards the Dras/Kargil end. The length of the tunnel does not include the lengths of the approach roads to both ends of the tunnel from the existing highway.

* Planned as a smart tunnel, it will have the latest safety features such as a fully transverse ventilation system, an uninterrupted power supply, emergency lighting, CCTV monitoring, variable message signs, traffic logging equipment and a tunnel radio system.

* The safety features will include emergency telephones and fire-fighting cabinets every 125 metres, pedestrian cross-passages every 250 metres and motorable cross-passages and lay-bys every 750 metres.

* Earlier the civil construction cost of the project was  6,575.85 crore. Revised cost total capital cost of the project, including 5% annual inflation, is ₹8,308 crore. It includes the cost of land, resettlement and rehabilitation and other pre-construction activities as well as the maintenance and operation cost of the tunnel for four years.

* Defence forces have to face a hard time ensuring supplies to border posts during winters across Zoji La pass which is most strategic for the entire Kargil sector which has seen intrusion and war in the past. The tunnel will help keep the highway open for the entire year.

* Once the tunnel is completed, travel between Srinagar and Ladakh throughout the year will become possible. The travel time currently between Sonamarg and Meenamarg is four hours, while it will drastically come down to just 40 minutes after this Asia’s longest bidirectional tunnel is completed.

## Status updates

* **Oct 2013:** Cabinet approves the road tunnel project.

* **Jun 2017:** Contract to be awarded to the bidders by June end and work to start in August 2017.

* **Jan 2018:** Union Cabinet approves tunnel to be built at a cost of 6,809 crore (US$816 million) including land acquisition cost. Tunnel to be ready in five years.

* **Mar 2019:** The project is to be bid again as earlier developer IL&FS has gone bankrupt.

* **Jun 2020:** Fresh bids invited for construction of tunnel.

* **Aug 2020:** MEIL (Megha Engineering & Infrastructure Ltd) emerges as lowest bidder for the tender with quoted price of ₹4509 crores. MEIL will construct the tunnel.

* **Oct 2020:** On 15 October 2020, Minister of Highways, Nitin Gadkari initiated the first blast for the all weather Zoji-la tunnel on NH1. This marked the beginning of the construction of the tunnel. The event was attended by Union Ministers of State Jitendra Singh and V. K. Singh. The tunnel is expected to be completed by September 2026.

* **Sep 2021:** After an inspection by Union Minister Nitin Gadkari, he sets a deadline for the tunnel to be completed by December 2023, much ahead of its original deadline of September 2026.

* **Nov 2021:** Megha Engineering and Infrastructures Ltd (MEIL) completes the excavation work of tunnel 1 of the Zoji-la Tunnel.

* **September 2022:** Total 2.1 km (15%) tunnelling work out of 14.2 km, 1 km from west or Kashmir side and 1.1 km from east or Ladakh side, has been excavated. Tunnelling work, which started in May 2021, is continuing 24x7 with 1000 engineers and labourers even during the freezing winter months, consequently tunnel will be completed much earlier (December 2023) than the original deadline of December 2026.
* **March 2023:** 29% physical work completed.

* **August 2023:** 35% work complete, estimated completion deadline remains 2026.

## InfoBox

Zoji La Tunnel
| Zoji La TunnelZoji La TunnelZoji La Tunnel | |
| --- | --- |
| Overview | |
| Location | Zoji La, Ladakh, <br>India |
| Coordinates | 34°16′44″N 75°28′19″E / 34.27889°N 75.47194°E / 34.27889; 75.47194 |
| Status | Under Construction |
| Route | NH 1 |
| End | 2026 |
| Operation | |
| Work begun | 15 October 2020 |
| Operator | National Highways and Infrastructure Development Corporation Limited (NHIDCL) |
| Traffic | Motor vehicles |
| Technical | |
| No. of lanes | Two (one in each direction) |
|  | |


title: Naval Air Station New Iberia

abstract:
Naval Air Station New Iberia, located near New Iberia, Louisiana, was a short-lived training facility of the United States Navy which operated for a mere five years in the 1960s.
The naval base at New Iberia was actually designated NAAS, indicating that it was a Naval Auxiliary Air Station. The U.S. Navy airfield identifier for New Iberia was KNIL.

text:
# Naval Air Station New Iberia

**Naval Air Station New Iberia**, located near New Iberia, Louisiana, was a short-lived training facility of the United States Navy which operated for a mere five years in the 1960s. The naval base at New Iberia was actually designated NAAS, indicating that it was a Naval Auxiliary Air Station. The U.S. Navy airfield identifier for New Iberia was KNIL.

## History

The site of NAAS New Iberia had served as a civil airport between 1946 and 1954. In 1954 the Department of Defense selected the airport for development as a naval air station.

Due to the runway length requirements of naval jet aircraft, 4,000 acres were purchased by the Federal Government and an 8,002-foot concrete runway, Runway 16/34, was constructed. Commissioned in 1960, Naval Auxiliary Air Station New Iberia was located near U.S. Highway 90 just outside New Iberia and covered an area of 4,347 acres of land and had an elevation of 24 feet.

With the opening of NAAS New Iberia, its primary flying unit, Advanced Training Unit-B moved from Naval Air Station Kingsville/South Field, Texas and was redesignated as Training Squadron TWENTY SEVEN (VT-27). Operating Grumman TS-2A Trackers, the squadron conducted advanced multiengine training for Student Naval Aviators destined for carrier-based A-1 Skyraider, S-2 Tracker and E-1 Tracer aircraft, and land-based naval aircraft and seaplanes, primarily those engaged in airborne early warning mission flying the EC-121 Warning Star, and those in the patrol and anti-submarine warfare mission, such as the P-2 Neptune, P5M Marlin, and the new P-3 Orion that began coming on line in the early 1960s.

Approximately 1,000 military personnel and 100 civilian workers were stationed at NAAS New Iberia in 1964, including those assigned to VT-27. Naval Auxiliary Air Station New Iberia continued to function until 1964 when the Navy began closing the facility. On 29 September 1964, VT-27 transferred to Naval Air Station Corpus Christi, Texas, with the squadron instructor pilots flying out the TS-2 Trackers. NAS New Iberia was finally closed in January 1965.

Upon the closure of the naval field, the Iberia Parish governing body petitioned the U.S. government for release of 2,100 acres of air station property for civil aviation use. The petition was granted in 1970 and the airport was given its present name, Acadiana Regional Airport. The Acadiana Regional Airport is classified as a General Aviation Transport airport by the Federal Aviation Authority. By definition, the airport is capable of serving all classes of aircraft.

A variety of aviation-related businesses are located at the airport. Many helicopters and seaplanes utilize the airport in support of the offshore petroleum industry in the Gulf of Mexico. Commercial passenger service is provided by a number of charter operators at the airport.

30°02′16″N 91°53′02″W / 30.0378°N 91.8839°W / 30.0378; -91.8839