title: Gerdau, Germany

abstract: Gerdau is a municipality in the district of Uelzen, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

text:
# Gerdau, Germany

**Gerdau** is a municipality in the district of Uelzen, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

## InfoBox

| Gerdau | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
| Location of Gerdau within Uelzen district | |
| Gerdau Gerdau | |
| Coordinates: 52°58′N 10°25′E / 52.967°N 10.417°E / 52.967; 10.417 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Lower Saxony |
| District | Uelzen |
| Municipal assoc. | Suderburg |
| Subdivisions | 6 |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Otto Schröder (CDU) |
| Area | |
| Total | 37.97 km2 (14.66 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 52 m (171 ft) |
| Population (2022-12-31) | |
| Total | 1,420 |
| Density | 37/km2 (97/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 29581 |
| Dialling codes | 05808 |
| Vehicle registration | UE |
| Website | www.gerdau.de |


title: Prasad Jayawardene

abstract: Prasad Jayawardene was a Sri Lankan cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a slow left-arm bowler who played for Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club. He was born in Katugastota. Jayawardene made a single first-class appearance for the side, during the 2000–01 season, against Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club. From the tailend, he scored a duck in the first innings in which he batted, and a single run in the second. He bowled 12 overs in the match, taking figures of 1-46.

text:
# Prasad Jayawardene

**Prasad Jayawardene** (born 17 April 1980) was a Sri Lankan cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and a slow left-arm bowler who played for Tamil Union Cricket and Athletic Club. He was born in Katugastota.

Jayawardene made a single first-class appearance for the side, during the 2000–01 season, against Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club. From the tailend, he scored a duck in the first innings in which he batted, and a single run in the second.

He bowled 12 overs in the match, taking figures of 1-46.


title: Premio Lo Nuestro 1999

abstract: The 11th Lo Nuestro Awards ceremony, presented by Univision honoring the best Latin music of 1998 and 1999 took place on May 6, 1999, at a live presentation held at the James L. Knight Center in Miami, Florida. The ceremony was broadcast in the United States and Latin America by Univision. During the ceremony, nineteen categories were presented. Winners were announced at the live event and included Puerto-Rican American singer Elvis Crespo receiving five competitive awards. Other multiple winners were Mexican singer-songwriter Pepe Aguilar with three wins, fellow Mexican band Maná and Colombian performer Shakira with two awards each. Aguilar earned the award for Regional Mexican Album of the Year, Crespo won for Tropical/Salsa Album of the Year, and the Pop Album of the Year was presented as a tie between Maná and Shakira. A special tribute was given to Mexican singer Pedro Fernández and the Excellence Award was received by Mexican group Los Tigres del Norte.

text:
# Premio Lo Nuestro 1999

The **11th Lo Nuestro Awards** ceremony, presented by Univision honoring the best Latin music of 1998 and 1999 took place on May 6, 1999, at a live presentation held at the James L. Knight Center in Miami, Florida. The ceremony was broadcast in the United States and Latin America by Univision.

During the ceremony, nineteen categories were presented. Winners were announced at the live event and included Puerto-Rican American singer Elvis Crespo receiving five competitive awards. Other multiple winners were Mexican singer-songwriter Pepe Aguilar with three wins, fellow Mexican band Maná and Colombian performer Shakira with two awards each. Aguilar earned the award for Regional Mexican Album of the Year, Crespo won for Tropical/Salsa Album of the Year, and the Pop Album of the Year was presented as a tie between Maná and Shakira. A special tribute was given to Mexican singer Pedro Fernández and the Excellence Award was received by Mexican group Los Tigres del Norte.

## Background

In 1989, the Lo Nuestro Awards were established by Univision, to recognize the most talented performers of Latin music. The nominees and winners were selected by a voting poll conducted among program directors of Spanish-language radio stations in the United States and the results were tabulated and certified by the accounting firm Arthur Andersen. The categories included are for the Pop, Tropical/Salsa, Regional Mexican and Music Video. The trophy awarded is shaped like a treble clef. The 11th Lo Nuestro Awards ceremony was held on May 7, 1999, in a live presentation held at the James L. Knight Center in Miami, Florida. The ceremony was broadcast in the United States and Latin America by Univision.

## Winners and nominees

Winners were announced before the live audience during the ceremony. Puerto-Rican American singer Elvis Crespo was the most nominated performer, with six nominations which resulted in five wins which included Tropical/Salsa Male Performer, Album of the Year, Song of the Year, Best New Artist and Group or Duo of the Year (shared with Milly Quezada). Mexican singer-songwriter Pepe Aguilar dominated the Regional/Mexican field winning three awards including Male Artist, Album of the Year and Song of the Year.

Three songs nominated for Pop Song of the Year reached number one at the *Billboard* Top Latin Songs chart: Ricky Martin's "Vuelve", Shakira's "Ciega, Sordomuda" and Chayanne's "Dejaría Todo"; Spanish performer Enrique Iglesias earned the accolade for Best Music Video for "Esperanza". The Pop Album of the Year was shared by Mexican band Maná and Colombian singer Shakira with *Sueños Líquidos* and *Dónde Están los Ladrones?*, respectively. Both albums were nominated at the 41st Grammy Awards for Best Latin Rock/Alternative Performance with Maná receiving the award. Puerto-Rican American performer Ricky Martin performed at the Grammy Awards the song "The Cup of Life", and the Spanish-language version won the Pop Song of the Year at the Lo Nuestro Awards.

Winners and nominees of the 11th Annual Lo Nuestro Awards (winners listed first)
| Pop Album of the Year | Pop Song of the Year |
| --- | --- |
|  |  |
| Male Artist of the Year, Pop | Female Artist of the Year, Pop |
|  |  |
| Pop Duo or Group of the Year | New Pop Artist of the Year |
|  |  |
| Regional Mexican Album of the Year | Regional Mexican Song of the Year |
|  |  |
| Male Artist of the Year, Regional Mexican | Female Artist of the Year, Regional Mexican |
|  |  |
| Regional Mexican Group of the Year | New Regional Mexican Artist of the Year |
|  |  |
| Tropical/Salsa Album of the Year | Tropical/Salsa Song of the Year |
|  |  |
| Male Artist of the Year, Tropical/Salsa | Female Artist of the Year, Tropical/Salsa |
|  |  |
| Tropical/Salsa Duo or Group of the Year | New Tropical/Salsa Artist of the Year |
|  |  |
| Video of the Year |
|  |
|

## Honorary awards

## InfoBox

| 11th Lo Nuestro Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | Thursday, May 6, 1999 (1999-05-06) |
| Site | James L. Knight Center<br>Miami, Florida, USA |
| Hosted by | Julio Sabala |
| Highlights | |
| Most awards | Elvis Crespo (5) |
| Most nominations | Elvis Crespo (6) |
|


title: Premio Lo Nuestro 2005

abstract: Premio Lo Nuestro 2005 nominees were announced during a press conference on December 2, 2004, at the American Airlines Arena in Miami, Florida. The hottest names in Latin music make up the list of nominees for the longest running and most popular Latin music award program in the U.S.

text:
# Premio Lo Nuestro 2005

**Premio Lo Nuestro 2005** nominees were announced during a press conference on December 2, 2004, at the American Airlines Arena in Miami, Florida. The hottest names in Latin music make up the list of nominees for the longest running and most popular Latin music award program in the U.S.

## Host

Eugenio Derbez

## Performers

## Presenters

## Special awards

### Lifetime Achievement Award

### Legendary Young Artist Award

## Pop

### Album of the Year

1. *Abrazar la Vida* \- Luis Fonsi
2. ***De Viaje* \- Sin Bandera**
3. *Pau-Latina* \- Paulina Rubio
4. *Seducción* \- Jennifer Peña
5. *Stop* \- Franco de Vita

### Male Artist

1. **Chayanne**
2. Luis Fonsi
3. Obie Bermúdez
4. Ricky Martin

### Female Artist

1. Ednita Nazario
2. Jennifer Peña
3. **Paulina Rubio**
4. Thalía

### Group or Duo

1. Aleks Syntek & Ana Torroja
2. Andy & Lucas
3. La Oreja de Van Gogh
4. **Sin Bandera**

### Song of the Year

1. "Cuidarte el alma" - Chayanne
2. **"Que lloro" - Sin Bandera**
3. "Rosas", La Oreja de Van Gogh
4. "Te quise tanto" - Paulina Rubio
5. "Y todo queda en nada" - Ricky Martin

### Best New Soloist or Group of the Year

1. Andy & Lucas
2. Ha\*Ash
3. **Kalimba Marichal**
4. Negros

## Rock

### Album of the Year

1. *Atlas* \- Kinky
2. ***Esenciales: Luna* \- Maná**
3. *Rocanlover* \- Zoé
4. \- Julieta Venegas
5. *Trippin Tropicana* \- Superlitio

### Artist of the Year

1. **Juanes**
2. Julieta Venegas
3. Kinky
4. Maná

## Tropical

### Album of the Year

1. *Indetenibles* \- Toros Band
2. *Love & Hate* \- Aventura
3. *Mi tentación* \- Rey Ruiz
4. *Travesía* \- Víctor Manuelle
5. ***Valió la Pena* \- Marc Anthony**

### Male Artist of the Year

1. Jerry Rivera
2. **Marc Anthony**
3. Rey Ruiz
4. Víctor Manuelle

### Female Artist of the Year

1. **Celia Cruz**
2. Gloria Estefan
3. La India
4. Melina León

### Group or Duo of the Year

1. **Aventura**
2. Grupo Manía
3. Son de Cali
4. Toros Band

### Song of the Year

1. **"Ahora quién" - Marc Anthony**
2. "Creo en el amor" - Rey Ruiz
3. "Lloré lloré" - Víctor Manuelle
4. "Loca conmigo" - Toros Band
5. "Tengo ganas" - Víctor Manuelle

### Merengue Artist of the Year

1. **Elvis Crespo**
2. Grupo Manía
3. Limi-T 21
4. Toros Band

### Tropical Salsa Artist of the Year

1. Jerry Rivera
2. **Marc Anthony**
3. Rey Ruiz
4. Víctor Manuelle

### Tropical Traditional Artist of the Year

1. Aventura
2. Andy Andy
3. **Carlos Vives**
4. Elvis Martinez

### Best New Soloist or Group of the Year

1. Domenic Marte
2. El Florido Flores
3. **Luna Llena**
4. N'Klabe

## Regional Mexican Music

### Album of the Year

1. ***Simplemente* \- Intocable**
2. *Locos de amor* \- Los Horóscopos de Durango
3. *Pacto De Sangre* \- Los Tigres del Norte
4. *Por ti* \- Banda el Recodo
5. *Que amarren a Cupido* \- Joan Sebastian

### Male Artist of the Year

1. **Adán Chalino**
2. Joan Sebastian
3. Marco Antonio Solís
4. Pepe Aguilar

### Female Artist of the Year

1. **Alicia Villarreal**
2. Mariana Seoane
3. Ninel Conde
4. Paquita la del Barrio

### Group or Duo of the Year

1. Banda el Recodo
2. Conjunto Primavera
3. **Montez de Durango**
4. Los Tigres del Norte

### Song of the Year

1. "Dos locos" - Los Horóscopos de Durango
2. "Hazme olvidarla" - Conjunto Primavera
3. "Lágrimas de cristal" - Montez de Durango
4. **"Más Que Tu Amigo" - Marco Antonio Solís**
5. "Te quise olvidar" - Montez de Durango

### Banda of the Year

1. **Banda el Recodo**
2. Cuisillos
3. Los Horóscopos de Durango
4. Montez de Durango

### Grupera Artist of the Year

1. **Alicia Villarreal**
2. Bronco El Gigante de América
3. Joan Sebastian
4. Los Temerarios

### Norteño Artist of the Year

1. Conjunto Primavera
2. **Intocable**
3. Palomo
4. Los Tigres del Norte

### Ranchera Artist of the Year

1. Marco Antonio Solís
2. Paquita la del Barrio
3. **Pepe Aguilar**
4. Vicente Fernández

### Best New Artist or Group of the Year

1. Grupo Climax
2. Juan Tavares
3. Kris Melody
4. Mariana Seoane

## Urban

### Album of the Year

1. ***Barrio Fino* \- Daddy Yankee**
2. *DJ Kane* \- DJ Kane
3. *La Verdad* \- Fulanito
4. *The Last Don Live* \- Don Omar
5. *Uno, Dos: Bandera* \- Control Machete

### Artist of the Year

1. Control Machete
2. **Don Omar**
3. Fulanito
4. Yolanda Pérez

## Video of the Year

1. "Try to Save Your S’ong" - Alejandro Sanz
2. "Bulería" - David Bisbal
3. Santa María - Gotan Project
4. "Lágrimas" - JD Natasha
5. "Ahora quién" - Marc Anthony
6. **"Te quise tanto" - Paulina Rubio**

## InfoBox

| 17th Lo Nuestro Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | Thursday, February 24, 2005 (2005-02-24) |
| Site | American Airlines Arena, Miami, Florida, USA |
| Hosted by | Eugenio Derbez |
|


title: Prashanta Kumar Halder

abstract: Prashanta Kumar Halder, also known as PK Halder, is a Bangladeshi-Canadian banker, businessman and finance officer. He is a fugitive and wanted in Bangladesh for embezzlement of more than 102 billion taka, one of the biggest cases in Bangladesh. The Daily Star called him the "Sultan of Swindle".

text:
# Prashanta Kumar Halder

**Prashanta Kumar Halder**, also known as **PK Halder**, is a Bangladeshi-Canadian banker, businessman and finance officer. He is a fugitive and wanted in Bangladesh for embezzlement of more than 102 billion taka, one of the biggest cases in Bangladesh. *The Daily Star* called him the "Sultan of Swindle".

## Early life

Prashanta Kuman Halder was born in a small village in Nazirpur Upazilla of the Pirojpur District in a Hindu family. His father's name is Prananendu Halder and mother's name is Lilavati Halder who was a teacher at a local governmental institute. He is the second son in the family. His elder brother's name is Pritish Kumar Halder. They both got graduated from the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology. Later he got his both MBA & CFA from the University of Dhaka.

## Career

In 2008, Halder was made the Deputy Managing Director of Industrial and Infrastructure Development Finance Company Limited.

Halder became the managing director of Reliance Finance Limited in 2009.

In July 2015, Halder was appointed the managing director of NRB Global Bank (later rebranded Global Islami Bank).

Halder owned HAL international, whose director, Swapan Kumar Mistri, was a director of International Leasing and Financial Services Limited. Mistri's wife was the chairperson of Mutual Trust Bank Limited Marine. Uttam Kumar Mistri, Swapan's brother, and his wife, Atoshi Mridha, embezzled nearly 800 million taka from International Leasing and Financial Services Limited through a fake company called Kolasin From 2015 to 2019, Amitav Adhikari, Halder's cousin, was a director of People's Leasing And Financial Services Limited, and Uzzal Kumar Nandi, his former colleague, was the chairperson of People's Leasing And Financial Services Limited. They helped Halder embezzle millions from People's Leasing And Financial Services Limited. Halder than became chairman of People's Leasing And Financial Services Limited.

Investigations started against Halder in 2019 after a number of raids on illegal casinos in Dhaka.

According to Bangladesh Bank in 2020, Halder had stolen 15 billion taka from International Leasing and Financial Services Limited, 22 billion from FAS Finance & Investment Limited, 30 billion from People's Leasing And Financial Services Limited, and 25 billion taka from Reliance Finance Limited. He was being investigated by Bangladesh Financial Intelligence Unit and the Anti Corruption Commission.

In March 2020, Halder fled to India from Bangladesh through Benapole one hour before a travel ban was issued against him. From there he fled to Canada of which he is a citizen. He owns P&L Hal Holding Incorporated in Canada, which was founded on 3 July 2014.

In December 2020, Halder's properties in Dhaka were seized by the Anti Corruption Commission. He also owned Aziz Fibre Jute Control, Northern Jute Manufacturing Company Limited, Rahman Chemicals, and Simtex Industries. His cousin, Amitabh Adhikari, left his admin cadre job at Bangladesh Civil Service and joined two of the companies.

In January 2021, his associate NI Khan was ordered by a court to not leave Bangladesh which was later revoked on appeal. Anti Corruption Commission called 14 associates of Halder to their office for investigation in the laundering by Halder in February 2021. On 5 April 2021, Halder was sued by Abdul Alim, majority owner of Clewiston Foods and Accommodation which had agreements with Radisson Blue to establish a hotel in Cox's Bazar. According to Alim Halder demanded majority share of his company in 2014 in return for approving his loan. Halder's associate, Pritish Kumar Sarker, and managing director of FAS Finance & Investment Limited was prevented from leaving Bangladesh by Bangladesh Bank. Halder refused to return to Bangladesh despite a court order.

In November 2021, Anti Corruption Commission filled charges against Halder and his associates including his brother Pritish Kumar Halder.

## Arrest

In May 2022, PK Halder arrested by Indian official from Ashoknagar, North 24 Parganas district, India. "Besides Bangladeshi and Indian passports, PK Halder was also found in possession of a Grenadian passport. It has also been learnt that the Interpol has issued Red Corner Notice (RCN) against Proshanta Kumar Halder," the Directorate of Enforcement reports.

## InfoBox

| P K Halder | |
| --- | --- |
| পি কে হালদার | |
| Born | Prashanta Kumar Halder
Patuakhali, Bangladesh |
| Disappeared | March 2019
Canada (via India) |
| Status | Arrested from Ashoknagar, Parganas district, India |
| Occupation | Banker |
| Years active | 1999-2019 |
|  | |
| Criminal charge | 426 cr. BDT fraud |
| Capture status | Captured in India |
|  | |


title: Priceville, Alabama

abstract: Priceville is the third largest municipality in Morgan County, Alabama, United States and is included in the Decatur Metropolitan Area, as well as the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area. The 2020 census counted a population of 3,513, up from 2,658 in 2010. Priceville was incorporated in 1975.

text:
# Priceville, Alabama

**Priceville** is the third largest municipality in Morgan County, Alabama, United States and is included in the Decatur Metropolitan Area, as well as the Huntsville-Decatur Combined Statistical Area. The 2020 census counted a population of 3,513, up from 2,658 in 2010.

Priceville was incorporated in 1975.

## History

Priceville was settled in the 1820s and is named for the Price family, who played prominent roles in its early history. The community remained sparsely populated until the 1950s, when the construction of Interstate 65 brought rapid economic expansion.

## Geography

Priceville is located in northern Morgan County at 34°31′16″N 86°52′47″W / 34.52111°N 86.87972°W / 34.52111; -86.87972 (34.521001, -86.879678). It is bordered to the west by Decatur, the county seat. State Route 67 runs through the town center, leading northwest 9 miles (14 km) to the center of Decatur and southeast 6 miles (10 km) to Somerville. Interstate 65 passes through the western portion of Priceville, connecting the town with Cullman 26 miles (42 km) to the south and Athens 19 miles (31 km) to the north. The Wheeler National Wildlife Refuge is situated between Priceville and Decatur. The Tennessee River (Wheeler Lake) passes just north of Priceville.

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 5.9 square miles (15 km2), of which 0.03 square miles (0.08 km2), or 0.52%, are water. Ginhouse Branch runs through the center of town, flowing north to the Tennessee River.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1980 | 966 |  |  |
| 1990 | 1,323 |  | 37.0% |
| 2000 | 1,631 |  | 23.3% |
| 2010 | 2,658 |  | 63.0% |
| 2020 | 3,513 |  | 32.2% |
| U.S. Decennial Census
2013 Estimate | | | |

### 2020 census

Priceville racial composition
| Race | Num. | Perc. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| White (non-Hispanic) | 3,055 | 86.99% |
| Black or African American (non-Hispanic) | 123 | 3.5% |
| Native American | 17 | 0.48% |
| Asian | 52 | 1.48% |
| Pacific Islander | 2 | 0.05% |
| Other/Mixed | 152 | 4.33% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 112 | 3.19% |

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 3,512 people, 1,204 households, and 945 families residing in the town.

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 2,658 people, 620 households, and 518 families residing in the town. The population density was 316.2 inhabitants per square mile (122.1/km2). There were 637 housing units at an average density of 123.5 per square mile (47.7/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 95.89% White, 2.27% Black or African American, 0.67% Native American, 0.18% Asian, 0.55% from other races, and 0.43% from two or more races. 1.23% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 620 households, out of which 33.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.2% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 16.3% were non-families. 13.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 2.89.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 23.9% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 18 to 24, 29.7% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 11.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 99.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $51,875, and the median income for a family was $55,885. Males had a median income of $37,679 versus $28,750 for females. The per capita income for the town was $22,056. About 2.2% of families and 5.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.9% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

## InfoBox

| Priceville, Alabama | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| City Hall | |
|  | |
| Location in Morgan County, Alabama | |
| Coordinates: 34°31′16″N 86°52′47″W / 34.52111°N 86.87972°W / 34.52111; -86.87972 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Alabama |
| County | Morgan |
| Area | |
| Total | 5.91 sq mi (15.31 km2) |
| Land | 5.88 sq mi (15.22 km2) |
| Water | 0.03 sq mi (0.08 km2) |
| Elevation | 600 ft (200 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 3,513 |
| Density | 597.48/sq mi (230.69/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| FIPS code | 01-62472 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2407160 |
| Website | cityofpriceville.com |


title: Prentice Mulford

abstract: Prentice Mulford was an American literary humorist and California author. In addition, he was pivotal in the development of the thought within the New Thought movement. Many of the principles that would become standard in the movement, including the Law of Attraction, were clearly laid out in his Your Forces and How to Use Them, released as a series of essays during 1886–1892.

text:
# Prentice Mulford

**Prentice Mulford** (April 5, 1834 – c. May 30, 1891) was an American literary humorist and California author. In addition, he was pivotal in the development of the thought within the New Thought movement. Many of the principles that would become standard in the movement, including the Law of Attraction, were clearly laid out in his *Your Forces and How to Use Them*, released as a series of essays during 1886–1892.

## Biography

Prentice Mulford was born in Sag Harbor, New York, in 1834, and in 1856 sailed to California where he would spend the next 16 years. During this time, Mulford spent several years in mining towns, trying to find his fortune in gold, copper, or silver. After leaving the mining life, Mulford ran for a position on the California State Assembly in Sacramento. Although he was nominated, he ultimately lost the election. He returned to San Francisco and began writing for a weekly newspaper, *The Golden Era*. Mulford spent five years as a writer and editor for various papers and was named by many San Franciscans a "Bohemian" because of his disregard for money. Mulford states in his autobiography, "poverty argued for us possession of more brains" (*Prentice Mulford's Story* 130). He became known for his humorous style of writing and vivid descriptions of both mining life and life at sea. In 1872 Mulford returned to New York City, where he became known as a comic lecturer, a poet and essayist, and a columnist for *The New York Daily Graphic* from 1875 to 1881. Mulford was also instrumental in the founding, along with other notable writers, of the popular philosophy New Thought. Mulford's book *Thoughts are Things* served as a guide to this new belief system and is still popular today.

His body was found lying in a boat in Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn, on May 30, 1891, where it had been drifting for several days. He was buried in his family's private vault in Sag Harbor, and later moved to Oakland Cemetery there.

## Partial works

* *Thoughts are Things* (1889)
* *Your Forces and How to Use Them* (In six volumes, published in 1888)
* *The Swamp Angel*, 1888
* *The Gift of Understanding*
* *Gift of the Spirit* (1904) 1st edition- with an introduction by Arthur Edward Waite
* *Gift of Spirit* (1917 2nd revised ed.)
* *Thought Forces Essays Selected from the White Cross Library* (1913)
* *The God in You*, 1918
* *Prentice Mulford's Story: Life by Land and Sea* (1889)

1. "Your Forces and How to Use Them, Vol. 1". New York, F.J. Needham. 1888.
2. *The National Cyclopaedia of American Biography*. Vol. I. James T. White & Company. 1893. p. 433. Retrieved April 23, 2021  via Google Books.
3. "Prentice Mulford Dead". *New-York Tribune*. June 1, 1891. p. 1. Retrieved April 23, 2021  via Newspapers.com.
4. "Man of Mystery, Long Dead, Had Views of Coue". *Brooklyn Eagle*. Sag Harbor. October 1, 1924. p. 22. Retrieved April 23, 2021  via Newspapers.com.

## InfoBox

| Prentice Mulford | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1834-04-05)April 5, 1834
Sag Harbor, New York |
| Died | c. May 30, 1891 (aged 57)
Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn |
| Occupation | Literary humorist, author |


title: Premier of Limpopo

abstract: The Premier of Limpopo is the head of government of Limpopo province of South Africa. The current Premier of Limpopo is Phophi Ramathuba, a member of the African National Congress, who was elected on 14 June 2024, following the 2024 national and provincial elections. She is the first woman to hold the office.

text:
# Premier of Limpopo

The **Premier of Limpopo** is the head of government of Limpopo province of South Africa. The current Premier of Limpopo is Phophi Ramathuba, a member of the African National Congress, who was elected on 14 June 2024, following the 2024 national and provincial elections. She is the first woman to hold the office.

## Functions

In terms of the constitution, the executive authority of a province is vested in the Premier. The Premier appoints an Executive Council made up of ten members of the provincial legislature; they are known as Members of the Executive Council (MECs). The MECs are effectively ministers and the Executive Council a cabinet at the provincial level. The Premier has the ability to appoint and dismiss MECs at his/her own discretion.

The Premier and the Executive Council are responsible for implementing provincial legislation, along with any national legislation assigned to the province. They set provincial policy and manage the departments of the provincial government; their actions are subject to the national constitution.

In order for an act of the provincial legislature to become law, the Premier must sign the legislation. The Premier can refer legislation back to the legislature for reconsideration if the Premier believes the act is unconstitutional. If the Premier and the legislature cannot agree, the act must be referred to the Constitutional Court for a final decision.

The Premier is also *ex officio* a member of the National Council of Provinces, the upper house of Parliament, as one of the special delegates from the province.

## List

| No. | Portrait | Name
(Birth–Death) | Term of office | | | Political party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Took office | Left office | Time in office | |
| 1 |  | Ngoako Ramatlhodi (born 1955) | 7 May 1994 | 22 April 2004 | 9 years, 351 days | African National Congress |
| - |  | Catherine Mabuza (acting) | 22 April 2004 | 26 April 2004 | 4 days | |
| 2 |  | Sello Moloto (born 1964) | 26 April 2004 | 2 March 2009 | 4 years, 310 days | |
| 3 |  | Cassel Mathale (born 1961) | 3 March 2009 | 18 July 2013 | 4 years, 137 days | |
| 4 |  | Stanley Mathabatha (born 1957) | 18 July 2013 | 14 June 2024 | 10 years, 332 days | |
| 5 |  | Phophi Ramathuba (born 1973) | 14 June 2024 | *Incumbent* | 109 days | |

## Election

The election for the Limpopo Provincial Legislature is held every five years, simultaneously with the election of the National Assembly; the last such election occurred on 29 May 2024. At the first meeting of the provincial legislature after an election, the members choose the Premier from amongst themselves. The provincial legislature can force the Premier to resign by a motion of no confidence. If the Premiership becomes vacant (for whatever reason) the provincial legislature must choose a new Premier to serve out the period until the next election. One person cannot have served more than two five-year terms as Premier; however, when a Premier is chosen to fill a vacancy the time until the next election does not count as a term.

## InfoBox

| Premier of Limpopo | |
| --- | --- |
| Incumbent
Phophi Ramathuba
since 14 June 2024 | |
| Style | The Honourable |
| Appointer | Limpopo Legislature |
| Term length | Five years, renewable once |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of South Africa |
| Inaugural holder | Ngoako Ramatlhodi |
| Formation | 7 May 1994 |
| Website | www.limpopo.gov.za/premier\_page/overview.asp |


title: Premier of Nevis

abstract: The Premier of Nevis heads the Nevis Island Administration, an autonomous governing body within the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis.

text:
# Premier of Nevis

The **Premier of Nevis** heads the Nevis Island Administration, an autonomous governing body within the Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis.

## List of premiers of Nevis (1983-present)

| No. | Image | Name | Tenure | | Political affiliation | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Took office | Left office | |
| 1 |  | Simeon Daniel
(1934–2012) | 19 September 1983 | 2 June 1992 |  | Nevis Reformation Party |
| 2 |  | Vance Amory
(1949–2022) | 2 June 1992 | 11 July 2006 |  | Concerned Citizens' Movement |
| 3 |  | Joseph Parry | 11 July 2006 | 23 January 2013 |  | Nevis Reformation Party |
| 4 |  | Vance Amory
(1949–2022) | 23 January 2013 | 19 December 2017 |  | Concerned Citizens' Movement |
| 5 |  | Mark Brantley
(1969–) | 19 December 2017 | Incumbent |  | Concerned Citizens' Movement |


abstract: Naval Radio Transmitter Facility LaMoure is a United States Navy installation located about 3 km west of LaMoure, North Dakota. The site uses a former OMEGA Navigation System station as a VLF transmitter for communications with the US submarine fleet. Commander Blake Wayne Van Leer lead the construction and opening of the site. The unit operating the facility is the Naval Computer and Telecommunications Area Master Station Atlantic Detachment LaMoure, part of Naval Network Warfare Command.

text:
# Naval Radio Transmitter Facility LaMoure

**Naval Radio Transmitter Facility LaMoure** (**NRTF LaMoure**) is a United States Navy installation located about 3 km west of LaMoure, North Dakota. The site uses a former OMEGA Navigation System station as a VLF transmitter for communications with the US submarine fleet. Commander Blake Wayne Van Leer lead the construction and opening of the site.

The unit operating the facility is the Naval Computer and Telecommunications Area Master Station Atlantic Detachment (NCTAMS LANT Det) LaMoure, part of Naval Network Warfare Command.

46°21′57″N 98°20′09″W / 46.365971°N 98.335753°W / 46.365971; -98.335753


title: Natália Araújo

abstract: Natália Araújo is a Brazilian indoor volleyball player. She is a current member of the Brazil women's national volleyball team.

text:
# Natália Araújo

**Natália Araújo** (born 10 April 1997) is a Brazilian indoor volleyball player. She is a current member of the Brazil women's national volleyball team.

## Career

She participated at the 2017 FIVB Volleyball Women's U23 World Championship, and 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's Nations League.

Camila Brait's return to Osasco made Natinha's renewal unfeasible. On July 01, 2023, it was officially announced, on the Instagram profile of Dentil/Praia Clube from Uberlândia/MG, her hiring to defend the Minas Gerais team in the 2023/2024 season.

## Clubs

## InfoBox

| Natália Araújo | |
| --- | --- |
| Araujo in 2022 | |
| Personal information | |
| Full name | Natália Pereira de Araújo |
| Nickname | *Natinha* |
| Born | (1997-04-10) 10 April 1997<br>Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil |
| Height | 1.62 m (5 ft 4 in) |
| Weight | 59 kg (130 lb) |
| Spike | 228 cm (90 in) |
| Block | 215 cm (85 in) |
| Volleyball information | |
| Position | Libero |
| Current club | Osasco |
| Number | 2 |
| Career | |
| Years Teams  2011–2012  ADC Bradesco pt  2013–2014  Seleção Paulista  2016–2017  SESI-SP  2017–2019  Hinode Barueri  2019–2021  Sesc-RJ  2022–  Osasco | |
| National team | |
| 2018– Brazil | |
| Honours      Women's volleyball  Representing  Brazil  Olympic Games  2024 Paris Team  FIVB World Championship  2022 Poland/Netherlands Team  Nations League  2019 Nanjing Team  2022 Ankara Team  South American Championship  2021 Barrancabermeja Team  2023 Recife Team | |
| Last updated: September 2023 | |


title: Zippy Chippy

abstract: Zippy Chippy was a thoroughbred race horse, a bay gelding, who is notable for being winless in 100 races. Zippy Chippy's pedigree includes many famous horses, such as Ben Brush, Buckpasser, Busanda, Bold Ruler, Count Fleet, Man o' War, Nasrullah, Native Dancer, Northern Dancer, Round Table, Tom Fool, War Admiral, and the greatest "blue hen" broodmare of the twentieth century, La Troienne.

text:
# Zippy Chippy

**Zippy Chippy** (April 20, 1991 – April 2022) was a thoroughbred race horse, a bay gelding, who is notable for being winless in 100 races. Zippy Chippy's pedigree includes many famous horses, such as Ben Brush, Buckpasser, Busanda, Bold Ruler, Count Fleet, Man o' War, Nasrullah, Native Dancer, Northern Dancer, Round Table, Tom Fool, War Admiral, and the greatest "blue hen" broodmare of the twentieth century, La Troienne.

## Career

Zippy Chippy was owned and trained by Felix Monserrate at Capritaur Farm in New York. Tom Gilcoyne, a retired historian for the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in Saratoga Springs, New York, said that Zippy Chippy "...hasn't done anything to harm the sport. But it's a little bit like looking at the recorded performances of all horse races through the wrong end of the telescope."

Felix Monserrate (d. 2015), who had boarded Zippy Chippy, acquired the horse in 1995, in a trade for a 1988 Ford truck. The horse was not always cooperative at races, and was eventually banned from competing at a number of tracks for such antics as "refusing to break from the starting gate". He was also known to bite people and pick people up "by their collars and not letting them down". According to Monserrate, "This horse is mean. ... He's been mean all his life."

In 2000, the magazine *People* included Zippy Chippy on its list of that year's most interesting personalities.

In August 2001, Zippy came in first against Darnell McDonald, a minor league baseball player, in a 120-foot (37 m) race. He had lost a previous 40-yard race against Rochester outfielder José Herrera on August 18, 2000. Zippy also won against a harness racer called Paddy's Laddy in a publicity stunt in which he spotted the trotter a twenty-length lead.

Zippy Chippy's 100th loss occurred on September 10, 2004, in the Northampton Fair at the Three County Fairgrounds. He went off at odds of 7-2, making him the second betting choice; however, Zippy Chippy finished last. In December 2004, he retired from racing to become an outrider pony at his hometown track, Finger Lakes racetrack in Farmington, New York, where he'd been banned from racing on September 8, 1998, after failing to leave the gate with the rest of the field for the third consecutive time. As an outrider pony, he escorted horses in the post parade and led them to the gate. Other horses with similarly long losing streaks include Dance Saber (0 wins for 229 starts, Japan), Meine Attrice (0 wins for 192 starts, Japan), Dona Chepa (0 for 135, Puerto Rico), Quixall Crossett (0 for 103, Britain), Costano Mille (0 for 123, Australia), Ouroene (0 for 124, Australia), and Haru Urara (0 for 113, Japan).

Zippy Chippy's lifetime record is: 100 starts, 0 wins, and lifetime earnings of $30,834; he also had eight second-place and 12 third-place finishes.

## Retirement

Zippy Chippy retired to the Bobby Frankel Division of Old Friends Thoroughbred Retirement Farm at Cabin Creek near Saratoga Race Course in New York on April 22, 2010. The 19-year-old gelding joined Cabin Creek's seven other retirees and lived out his life there.

Zippy Chippy went on tour in Kentucky in the summer of 2012 to bring attention to the safe retirement of race horses. Zippy-themed merchandises were also sold to raise funds to support the retirement of race horses at the farm.

At the age of 30, Zippy Chippy was featured in the 2020 children's picture book, *The True Story of Zippy Chippy: The Little Horse That Couldn't*. He was previously featured in the 2016 book *The Legend of Zippy Chippy: Life Lessons from Horse Racing’s Most Lovable Loser*.

Zippy Chippy's death was announced by Old Friends farm on April 16, 2022; he was officially 31 years old (by horse racing standards, all horses turn a year older on January 1).

## Race record

| Date | Age | Distance | Race | Grade | Track | Surface | Odds | Field | Finish | Winning Time | Winning
(Losing)
Margin | Jockey | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sep 13, 1994 | 3 | 6+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Belmont Park | Dirt | 14.50 | 10 | 8 | 1:18.13 | (13+14 lengths) | Julio Pezua |  |
| Sep 23, 1994 | 3 | 7 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Belmont Park | Dirt | 36.10 | 11 | 3 | 1:24.53 | (10 lengths) | Julio Pezua |  |
| Oct 1, 1994 | 3 | 1+116 miles | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Belmont Park | Dirt | 4.60 | 7 | 4 | 1:45.55 | (30+12 lengths) | Robbie Davis |  |
| Oct 6, 1994 | 3 | 1+116 miles | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Belmont Park | Turf | 6.40 | 8 | 3 | 1:45.97 | (2+34 lengths) | Jose Santos |  |
| Oct 14, 1994 | 3 | 1+116 miles | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Belmont Park | Turf | 9.70 | 12 | 10 | 1:41.95 | (28+14 lengths) | Mike Smith |  |
| Oct 28, 1994 | 3 | 1+18 miles | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Aqueduct | Turf | 10.00 | 12 | 9 | 1:52.45 | (20+12 lengths) | Robbie Davis |  |
| Nov 16, 1994 | 3 | 1 mile | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Aqueduct | Dirt | 12.20 | 8 | 8 | 1:39.50 | (54 lengths) | Jorge Chavez |  |
| Nov 26, 1994 | 3 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 3.75 | 7 | 4 | 1:13.60 | (4+12 lengths) | Kevin Whitley |  |
| Dec 9, 1994 | 3 | 5+12 furlongs | Allowance | Allowance | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 2.55 | 7 | 3 | 1:05.60 | (3+12 lengths) | Leslie Hulet |  |
| Jan 8, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Aqueduct | Inner Track | 4.40 | 11 | 10 | 1:14.73 | (25+34 lengths) | Richard Migliore |  |
| Jan 23, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Suffolk Downs | Dirt | 19.30 | 10 | 5 | 1:16.73 | (4+14 lengths) | Jorge Vargas |  |
| Feb 15, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Suffolk Downs | Dirt | 7.70 | 12 | 12 | 1:13.21 | (15+12 lengths) | Jorge Vargas |  |
| Mar 10, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Suffolk Downs | Dirt | 20.80 | 8 | 8 | 1:14.18 | (18+14 lengths) | Jorge Vargas |  |
| Apr 12, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Suffolk Downs | Dirt | 21.40 | 6 | 4 | 1:15.02 | (13+12 lengths) | Jorge Vargas |  |
| Apr 19, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Suffolk Downs | Dirt | 6.00 | 9 | 8 | 1:15.30 | (14+12 lengths) | Jorge Vargas |  |
| Apr 28, 1995 | 4 | 1 mile | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Suffolk Downs | Dirt | 5.00 | 6 | 3 | 1:45.76 | (1+14 lengths) | Jorge Vargas |  |
| May 23, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 9.30 | 8 | 4 | 1:12.80 | (14 lengths) | Kevin Whitley |  |
| Jun 3, 1995 | 4 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 5.70 | 5 | 4 | 1:48.60 | (30+34 lengths) | Kevin Whitley |  |
| Jun 16, 1995 | 4 | 1 mile | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 4.40 | 7 | 6 | 1:45.80 | (14 lengths) | Jose Gutierrez |  |
| Jul 6, 1995 | 4 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 7.80 | 8 | 3 | 1:07.40 | (2+34 lengths) | David Rivera |  |
| Jul 29, 1995 | 4 | 1 mile | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 3.75 | 8 | 5 | 1:44.40 | (14 lengths) | David Rivera |  |
| Aug 8, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 11.10 | 8 | 3 | 1:13.00 | (12 lengths) | David Rivera |  |
| Aug 20, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 9.60 | 6 | 5 | 1:14.00 | (18+14 lengths) | Carlos Dominguez |  |
| Aug 30, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 16.00 | 10 | 7 | 1:13.80 | (14+14 lengths) | David Rivera |  |
| Sep 10, 1995 | 4 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 11.10 | 6 | 6 | 1:49.00 | (19+34 lengths) | David Rivera |  |
| Sep 23, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 2.75 | 8 | 2 | 1:16.80 | (1+14 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Oct 3, 1995 | 4 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | \*2.25 | 11 | 2 | 1:09.20 | (neck) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Oct 13, 1995 | 4 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 4.10 | 8 | 7 | 1:07.40 | (16+34 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Oct 16, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 22.90 | 7 | 7 | 1:13.60 | (16+12 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Oct 22, 1995 | 4 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 5.80 | 6 | 5 | 1:08.00 | (12+12 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Nov 3, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 15.20 | 8 | 7 | 1:14.80 | (14+12 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Nov 14, 1995 | 4 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | \*3.50 | 11 | 6 | 1:09.00 | (9+34 lengths) | Pedro Monterrey |  |
| Nov 21, 1995 | 4 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 5.70 | 8 | 5 | 1:52.20 | (4+12 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Nov 26, 1995 | 4 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 10.50 | 7 | 2 | 1:14.30 | (3+14 lengths) | Leslie Hulet |  |
| Dec 4, 1995 | 4 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 8.50 | 6 | 6 | 1:52.30 | (15+14 lengths) | Leslie Hulet |  |
| Jul 6, 1996 | 5 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 19.40 | 6 | 4 | 1:13.40 | (23+12 lengths) | Julio Leon, Jr. |  |
| Jul 15, 1996 | 5 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 16.40 | 7 | 5 | 1:16.20 | (13 lengths) | Julio Leon, Jr. |  |
| Jul 20, 1996 | 5 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 13.90 | 6 | 6 | 1:51.60 | (43+34 lengths) | Julio Leon, Jr. |  |
| Jul 27, 1996 | 5 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 30.25 | 8 | 7 | 1:07.80 | (10+34 lengths) | Julio Leon, Jr. |  |
| Jul 30, 1996 | 5 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 21.30 | 7 | 6 | 1:49.00 | (18+14 lengths) | Julio Leon, Jr. |  |
| Aug 10, 1996 | 5 | 1 mile | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 46.25 | 7 | 5 | 1:43.60 | (20+14 lengths) | Miguel Escribano |  |
| Aug 23, 1996 | 5 | 1 mile | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 38.25 | 8 | 4 | 1:43.20 | (14+12 lengths) | Miguel Escribano |  |
| Sep 4, 1996 | 5 | 1 mile | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 3.80 | 7 | 7 | 1:44.20 | (14+14 lengths) | Miguel Escribano |  |
| Sep 13, 1996 | 5 | 1 mile | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 14.60 | 7 | 3 | 1:46.00 | (34 length) | Carlos Camilo |  |
| Sep 23, 1996 | 5 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 7.90 | 6 | 5 | 1:49.40 | (18+14 lengths) | Carlos Camilo |  |
| Oct 6, 1996 | 5 | 1 mile | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 9.70 | 10 | 9 | 1:40.60 | (30 lengths) | David Rivera |  |
| Nov 6, 1996 | 5 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 11.50 | 7 | 3 | 1:07.00 | (8+14 lengths) | Scott Leo |  |
| Nov 16, 1996 | 5 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 12.80 | 9 | 6 | 1:04.60 | (14+12 lengths) | Scott Leo |  |
| Nov 30, 1996 | 5 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 10.40 | 7 | 6 | 1:07.20 | (9+12 lengths) | Leslie Hulet |  |
| Dec 2, 1996 | 5 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Allowance | Allowance | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 21.90 | 9 | DNF | 1:46.80 | DNF | Elis Roque |  |
| Jul 14, 1997 | 6 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 35.75 | 9 | 8 | 1:13.20 | (11+34 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Jul 22, 1997 | 6 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 2.55 | 8 | 7 | 1:13.80 | (9+12 lengths) | Jesus Miranda |  |
| Jul 27, 1997 | 6 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 5.70 | 8 | 7 | 1:45.40 | (24+14 lengths) | Jesus Miranda |  |
| Aug 1, 1997 | 6 | 1+116 miles | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 4.30 | 7 | 6 | 1:51.40 | (14+34 lengths) | Jose Gutierrez |  |
| Aug 10, 1997 | 6 | 1+116 miles | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 3.00 | 8 | 7 | 1:49.00 | (9+12 lengths) | Jorge Guerra |  |
| Aug 17, 1997 | 6 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 20.10 | 8 | 6 | 1:48.20 | (7 lengths) | Elis Roque |  |
| Aug 26, 1997 | 6 | 1+116 miles | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 20.40 | 7 | 5 | 1:50.40 | (7+14 lengths) | Elis Roque |  |
| Sep 4, 1997 | 6 | 1+18 miles | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 11.20 | 7 | 4 | 1:57.40 | (15+34 lengths) | David Rivera |  |
| Sep 14, 1997 | 6 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 12.20 | 8 | 6 | 1:47.40 | (13 lengths) | David Rivera |  |
| Sep 27, 1997 | 6 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 14.20 | 8 | 4 | 1:07.20 | (10+14 lengths) | Jeremias Flores |  |
| Oct 5, 1997 | 6 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 11.40 | 7 | 7 | 1:15.20 | (7+34 lengths) | Jeremias Flores |  |
| Oct 10, 1997 | 6 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 22.80 | 7 | 4 | 1:07.60 | (6+12 lengths) | Leslie Hulet |  |
| Oct 18, 1997 | 6 | 1+116 miles | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 13.00 | 6 | 5 | 1:49.20 | (14+12 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Oct 21, 1997 | 6 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 10.30 | 7 | 5 | 1:48.40 | (6+34 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Nov 2, 1997 | 6 | 1 mile and 70 yards | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 11.50 | 9 | 3 | 1:46.60 | (8 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Nov 12, 1997 | 6 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 11.60 | 8 | 8 | 1:12.80 | (13 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Nov 16, 1997 | 6 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 3.05 | 7 | 4 | 1:14.40 | (9 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Nov 24, 1997 | 6 | 1+116 miles | Allowance | Allowance | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 23.60 | 10 | 10 | 1:48.80 | (30 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Nov 30, 1997 | 6 | 1+18 miles | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 2.40 | 5 | 2 | 1:58.60 | (22+12 lengths) | Jorge Hiraldo |  |
| Dec 2, 1997 | 6 | 1+18 miles | Claiming | Claiming | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 9.00 | 6 | 4 | 1:58.60 | (5 lengths) | Jeremias Flores |  |
| Apr 3, 1998 | 7 | 4+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 26.75 | 7 | 4 | 0:52.60 | (8+12 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| Apr 8, 1998 | 7 | 4+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 11.60 | 7 | 4 | 0:53.20 | (4+34 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| Apr 14, 1998 | 7 | 5 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 6.20 | 7 | 2 | 0:59.20 | (2+14 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| Apr 25, 1998 | 7 | 5 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 5.80 | 6 | 2 | 1:00.00 | (1 length) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| Apr 27, 1998 | 7 | 1+116 miles | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 5.90 | 8 | 7 | 1:47.40 | (30+14 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| May 5, 1998 | 7 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 2.55 | 8 | 5 | 1:07.00 | (15+14 lengths) | David Rivera |  |
| May 15, 1998 | 7 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 6.90 | 10 | 7 | 1:06.80 | (13+34 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| May 23, 1998 | 7 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 15.60 | 7 | 3 | 1:14.60 | (1+12 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| May 30, 1998 | 7 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 6.90 | 7 | 4 | 1:06.40 | (15+12 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| Jun 13, 1998 | 7 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 9.30 | 8 | 7 | 1:06.20 | (13+14 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| Jun 23, 1998 | 7 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 17.90 | 7 | 7 | 1:11.60 | (26+14 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| Jul 6, 1998 | 7 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 8.80 | 7 | 5 | 1:14.00 | (14+12 lengths) | Benjamin Afanador |  |
| Sep 8, 1998 | 7 | 1+116 miles | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Finger Lakes | Dirt | 2.70 | 9 | 9 | 1:52.20 | (38 lengths) | Juan Rohena |  |
| Sep 5, 1999 | 8 | About 6+12 furlongs | Maiden Claiming | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 5.70 | 6 | 3 | 1:23.94 | (13+14 lengths) | Clemente Crispin |  |
| Sep 1, 2000 | 9 | About 5 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 2.60 | 7 | 2 | 0:58.40 | (head) | Juan Rohena |  |
| Sep 16, 2000 | 9 | About 6+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 2.20 | 8 | 3 | 1:25.34 | (3 lengths) | Juan Rohena |  |
| Feb 16, 2001 | 10 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Penn National | Dirt | 4.20 | 7 | 7 | 1:12.47 | (32+12 lengths) | Pedro Carrasquel |  |
| Sep 9, 2001 | 10 | About 5 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 3.00 | 6 | 5 | 0:57.80 | (16+12 lengths) | Juan Rohena |  |
| Sep 15, 2001 | 10 | About 6+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 10.50 | 8 | 7 | 1:27.00 | (17+34 lengths) | Juan Rohena |  |
| Jan 31, 2002 | 11 | 6 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Penn National | Dirt | 14.20 | 7 | 7 | 1:13.43 | (32+34 lengths) | David Hernandez |  |
| Feb 28, 2002 | 11 | 5 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Penn National | Dirt | 13.00 | 9 | 8 | 1:00.49 | (24+34 lengths) | David Hernandez |  |
| Aug 31, 2002 | 11 | About 6+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 6.20 | 8 | 7 | 1:24.55 | (24+34 lengths) | Juan Rohena |  |
| Sep 8, 2002 | 11 | About 6+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 9.70 | 7 | 4 | 1:23.89 | (15 lengths) | Juan Rohena |  |
| Sep 15, 2002 | 11 | About 5 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 8.30 | 8 | 6 | 0:58.44 | (5+34 lengths) | Willie Belmonte |  |
| Apr 16, 2003 | 12 | 5+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Thistledown | Dirt | 42.30 | 8 | 8 | 1:05.32 | (32 lengths) | Benjamin Cacha-Padilla |  |
| Sep 6, 2003 | 12 | About 5 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 7.00 | 8 | 2 | 0:58.74 | (1+12 lengths) | Howard Lanci |  |
| Sep 4, 2004 | 13 | About 6+12 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 5.60 | 8 | 7 | 1:25.01 | (31+34 lengths) | Joseph Riston |  |
| Sep 10, 2004 | 13 | About 5 furlongs | Maiden Special Weight | Maiden | Northampton | Dirt | 3.70 | 8 | 8 | 1:00.55 | (11 lengths) | Willie Belmonte |  |
|

## Adaptations

* Thomas, William (5 April 2016). *The Legend of Zippy Chippy: Life Lessons from Horse Racing's Most Lovable Loser*. McClelland & Stewart. ISBN 978-0-7710-8162-0.

* Bennett, Artie (February 25, 2020). *The True Story of Zippy Chippy: The Little Horse That Couldn't.* Illustrated by Dave Szalay. NorthSouth Books. ISBN 978-0-7358-4396-7. (children's picture-book biography).

## Pedigree

Pedigree of Zippy Chippy, bay gelding, foaled April 20, 1991
| Sire
Compliance
b. 1978 | Northern Dancer
b. 1961 | Nearctic
br. 1954 | Nearco |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Lady Angela |
| | Natalma
b. 1957 | **Native Dancer** |
| | Almahmoud |
| | Sex Appeal
ch. 1970 | **Buckpasser**
b. 1963 | **Tom Fool** |
| | | **Busanda** |
| | Best In Show
ch. 1965 | Traffic Judge |
| | Stolen Hour |
| Dam
Listen Lady
dkb/br. 1982 | Buckfinder
dkb/br. 1974 | **Buckpasser**
b. 1963 | **Tom Fool** |
| | | **Busanda** |
| | Shenanigans
gr. 1963 | **Native Dancer** |
| | Bold Irish |
| | Wide Application
b. 1978 | What a Pleasure
ch. 1965 | Bold Ruler |
| | | Grey Flight |
| | Running Juliet
b. 1966 | Round Table |
| | Juliet's Nurse (Family 23-b) |

Zippy Chippy was inbred 3 × 3 to Buckpasser, meaning that Buckpasser appeared twice in the third generation of his pedigree. He was also inbred 4 × 4 to Native Dancer.

1. Zippy Chippy was considered a 31 year old, as to being born on January 1.

## InfoBox

| Zippy Chippy | |
| --- | --- |
| Sire | Compliance |
| Dam | Listen Lady |
| Damsire | Buckfinder |
| Sex | Gelding |
| Foaled | April 20, 1991 |
| Died | April 2022 (aged 30) |
| Country | United States |
| Breeder | Capritaur Farm |
| Owner | Felix Monserrate |
| Trainer | Felix Monserrate |
| Record | 100: 0-8-12 |
| Earnings | $30,834 |
| Major wins | |
| None | |


title: Naum Slutzky

abstract: Naum Slutzky was a goldsmith, industrial designer and master craftsman of the Bauhaus. In the art history literature his first name is sometimes spelled as Nahum or Nawn.

text:
# Naum Slutzky

**Naum Slutzky** (28 February 1894 in Kiev, Russian Empire (now Kyiv, Ukraine)  4 November 1965 in Stevenage, England) was a goldsmith, industrial designer and master craftsman of the Bauhaus. In the art history literature his first name is sometimes spelled as Nahum or Nawn.

## Bauhaus

Slutzky studied to become a goldsmith at Wiener Werkstätte (for Josef Hoffmann and Edward Wimmer among others) in Vienna. From 1919 he taught at the Bauhaus in Weimar, working with Johannes Itten. He mainly designed jewellery and lamps, but also teapots and coffee pots (there is a silver teapot in the collections of Victoria and Albert Museum London, and a coffee pot in Nationalmuseum/National Museum of Fine Arts, Stockholm). In 1924 he left Bauhaus to become an independent designer.

## England

In 1933, when the Bauhaus school was closed by the Nazis, Slutzky fled to England where he initially found work at the progressive art college, Dartington Hall in Totness, Devon. He went on to be a design teacher at Central School of Arts and Crafts and the Royal College of Art in London. While in Birmingham, he worked at The College of Arts and Crafts and collaborated with local firm Best & Lloyd At the end of his life, Slutzky taught Three-Dimensional Design at Ravensbourne College of Art and Design, Bromley, Kent 1963-1965.

## Exhibitions

### 1928 to 1965

### From 1965

## Works in museums

1. Monica Bohm-Duchen (ed.) *Insiders Outsiders*, London: Lund Humphries, 2018, p.170
* Rohde, Alfred: *Hamburgische Werkkunst der Gegenwart*. Broschek-Verlag Hamburg, 1927
* Monika Rudolph: *Naum Slutzky - Meister am Bauhaus, Goldschmied und Designer*, Arnold'sche, Tübingen, 1990 ISBN 3925369066
* Rüdiger Joppien (ed.) *Naum Slutzky - Ein Bauhauskünstler in Hamburg*. Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe Hamburg, 1995
* Klaus Weber (ed.), *Die Metallwerkstatt am Bauhaus,* Bauhaus-Archiv, Berlin, 1992 ISBN 978-3-89181-405-5
* Alan Powers, "Britain and The Bauhaus", in *Apollo* magazine, May 2006.


title: Zoe Rosenberg

abstract: Zoe Rosenberg is an American animal rights activist and animal sanctuary founder. She participates in public forms of direct action at sporting and university events. In 2014, Rosenberg founded the Happy Hen Animal Sanctuary based in San Luis Obispo, California.

text:
# Zoe Rosenberg

**Zoe Rosenberg** is an American animal rights activist and animal sanctuary founder. She participates in public forms of direct action at sporting and university events. In 2014, Rosenberg founded the Happy Hen Animal Sanctuary based in San Luis Obispo, California.

## Early life and education

Rosenberg was born in California to veterinarian Sherstin Rosenberg and entrepreneur Louis B. Rosenberg. She was raised in a vegetarian household and became vegan at the age of 11. In 2014, she founded the Happy Hen Chicken Rescue at age 11 which expanded over time to become the Happy Hen Animal Sanctuary. She now attends the University of California Berkeley where she organizes protests against the University for its alleged ties to factory farms.

## Activism

In July 2016, Rosenberg was arrested at age 14 on live TV during a LA Dodgers baseball game for pitch invasion protesting the alleged maltreatment of farm animals by a meat supplier used for "Dodger Dog" hotdogs sold at the stadium. Rosenberg recounted her arrest on the pitcher's mound at Dodger Stadium in a TEDx talk she gave at age 16 entitled "Taking the Mound."

During an October 2016 discussion, hosted at the California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, she gave Whole Foods Market co-CEO Walter Robb a flower in protest of alleged animal deaths. In December 2017, Rosenberg protested outside the Charles Paddock Zoo.

In February 2018, Rosenberg was a 15-year-old student at Olive Grove Charter School in San Luis Obispo, California when she was also an operator of her animal sanctuary and an animal rights activist. The same year, she was an organizer of the San Luis Obispo chapter of Direct Action Everywhere.

In April 2018, she chained herself in protest to a slaughterhouse gate on the campus of the California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo in an attempt to rescue a cow. Rosenberg and a 31-year-old woman were arrested by university police who later issued them temporary stay-away orders. Rosenberg's mother was also arrested for allegedly contributing to the delinquency of a minor. No charges were filed by police. Rosenberg organized additional protests against the University aimed to shut down the on-campus slaughterhouse.

At the 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship, Rosenberg at age 16 rushed onto the field at Levi Stadium and unfurled a banner in protest of alleged cruel methods by a concession vendor and stadium meat supplier, Starbird and Petaluma Poultry. She was tackled and dragged off the field and questioned by police.

As of August 2021, Rosenberg was a student at University of California, Berkeley and an investigator for Direct Action Everywhere.

On April 16, 2022, she was arrested for chaining herself to the basketball hoop during an NBA playoff game between the Memphis Grizzlies and Minnesota Timberwolves. The action was done to protest the Timberwolves' owner Glen Taylor's farm that allegedly "roasted birds alive" by a controversial mass kill method called "ventilation shutdown plus."

Dubbed "Chain Girl" by national media sources, Rosenberg was held overnight and then was released on bond. Her charges were dismissed in January of 2023. Candace Buckner, a *Washington Post* sports columnist and critic, called Rosenberg's ease in accessing the court during a playoff game an example of white privilege.

## Recognition

Rosenberg has been recognized as the youth activist of the year by the Animal Rights National Conference and received an Paul McCartney Veg Advocate Award.

## InfoBox

| Zoe Rosenberg | |
| --- | --- |
| Rosenberg in 2018 | |
| Education | University of California, Berkeley |
| Occupation(s) | Animal rights activist, sanctuary operator |
| Years active | 2014–present |
| Father | Louis B. Rosenberg |


title: Morris H. Whitehouse

abstract: Morris Homans Whitehouse was an American architect whose work included the design of the Gus Solomon United States Courthouse in Portland, Oregon.

text:
# Morris H. Whitehouse

**Morris Homans Whitehouse** (March 21, 1878 – April 4, 1944) was an American architect whose work included the design of the Gus Solomon United States Courthouse in Portland, Oregon.

## Biography

Whitehouse was born in Portland, Oregon, on March 21, 1878, to Benjamin Gardner Whitehouse and Clara née Homans. In his youth he attended, and graduated from, public schools in Portland. He graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1906. He was awarded the Guy Lowell Traveling Fellowship in 1905 which facilitated his pursuing studies at the American Academy in Rome, Italy from 1906 to 1907. He was the first ever recipient of that award from MIT. In 1936, he married Mildred Fuller Anderson.

## Career

Whitehouse started his own practice in 1907. He then partnered with Bruce R. Honeyman in 1908. Beginning in 1909 he partnered with J. André Fouilhoux and Edgar M. Lazarus in the architectural firm "Lazarus, Whitehouse & Fouilhoux". Lazarus later left the firm, which continued under the name *Whitehouse & Fouilhoux*, which lasted until 1917. It was the longest-running architectural firm in Oregon. Among other buildings, the firm designed the University Club (1913) now listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP), the Jefferson High School, the Lincoln High School and the Conro Fiero House, formerly listed on the NRHP but delisted after its destruction by fire. They also collaborated with New York-based firms J. H. Freelander and A. D. Seymour, in the construction of the Portland Municipal Auditorium (now the Keller Auditorium). The firm closed as a result of World War I, when Fouilhoux enlisted in 1918.

Following the war Whitehouse operated Morris H. Whitehouse, Architect, changing this name to Morris H. Whitehouse & Associates in 1926, having been joined by Glenn Stanton and Walter E. Church. They designed the Temple Beth Israel synagogue (1928), the U.S. Courthouse (1929-1931) and the Multnomah Stadium.

From 1932 to 1935, the firm was named Whitehouse, Stanton & Church. Whitehouse & Church designed the Oregon State Library in 1939. The firm was again renamed in 1942 to Whitehouse, Church, Newberry & Roehr, with the addition of Earl P. Newberry and Frank Roehr, the last name change before Whitehouse's death. Even after his death the firm remained in operation, undergoing several other name changes.

Whitehouse was a member of the Portland Architectural Club. He was also director and then president of the Oregon arm of the American Institute of Architects. He also served on the Oregon State Board of Architect Examiners from 1919 to 1930.

Whitehouse died in Portland on April 4, 1944, at St. Vincent's Hospital following a heart attack. He had remained active in his profession until entering the hospital for treatment of a heart condition, about two weeks prior to his death.

## Projects

Whitehouse and his associates designed many structures in Oregon and other parts of the Pacific Northwest. The following Oregon structures appear on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP):

### Portland

### Other cities

### Non-NRHP

Central Grammar School (AKA Lewis & Clark School), Astoria, Oregon (Demolished 1980s)

## InfoBox

| Morris H. Whitehouse | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1878-03-21)March 21, 1878
Portland, Oregon |
| Died | April 4, 1944(1944-04-04) (aged 66)
Portland, Oregon |
| Occupation | Architect |
|  | |
| Buildings | Gus J. Solomon United States Courthouse; Temple Beth Israel |
|  | |


title: Muriel, Viscountess Helmsley

abstract: Muriel Duncombe, Viscountess Helmsley (1859–1925) was a prominent figure in the Garden City movement in the UK at the turn of the 20th century, and was the first Secretary of the Garden City Association's Women's League.

text:
# Muriel, Viscountess Helmsley

**Muriel Duncombe, Viscountess Helmsley** (1859–1925) was a prominent figure in the Garden City movement in the UK at the turn of the 20th century, and was the first Secretary of the Garden City Association's Women's League.

## Early life

She was born in 1859 as Lady Muriel Frances Louisa Chetwynd-Talbot, the daughter of Charles Chetwynd-Talbot, 19th Earl of Shrewsbury, and Anna Theresa Cockerell. At the age of seventeen, in 1876, she married William Duncombe, Viscount Helmsley, and they had a son and a daughter. Lord Helmsley died in 1881, and in 1885 she married Hugh Darby Annesley Owen.

## Involvement in the Garden City movement

Viscountess Helmsley was one of the leading female figures in the early Garden City movement, which developed during a period of intense social change and the consolidation of the women's suffrage movement. The Garden City Association (GCA), the forerunner of the Town and Country Planning Association, was created in 1899 to promulgate the movement's aims, and by 1903 a Women's League had formed, which sought specifically to provide a forum to consider the needs of a home from the viewpoint of 'wives and mothers'. Viscountess Helmsley was the leader and first Secretary of this league, and encouraged other women to further the cause by talking to friends, circulating leaflets, seeking to arrange meetings and lectures, speaking to other groups, and encouraging people to buy shares in the First Garden City Ltd company, the developer and owner of Letchworth Garden City.

She published articles highlighting the work of the Women's League and argued that ‘if the women clearly understood the benefits of living in an atmosphere such as Garden City will afford, they would demand a change from the slums, and would influence their mankind and children to go and live where homes – real homes, not barracks – can be procured for less rent in a wholesome area, thus helping the children to grow up stronger and healthier in mind and body’. In June 1907 a meeting her home in Chelsea, London, concluded with the election of six Women’s League officers and herself as President, and it was decided to raise money to finance the building of two cottages at Letchworth.

## Other activities

Viscountess Helmsley was an active Conservative politician in Islington, London, chaired the National Society of Day Nurseries and was Honorary Secretary of the Women’s Institute Training College Branch for Nursing. She died in 1925.

## Sources

1. "The Forgotten Pioneers: Celebrating the Women of the Garden City Movement". *TCPA*. January 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
2. "Muriel Frances Louisa Duncombe (née Talbot), Viscountess Helmsley (later Mrs Owen)". *National Portrait Gallery*. Retrieved 2 December 2022.
3. Hardy, Dennis (1991). *From garden cities to new towns : campaigning for town and country planning, 1899-1946* (1st ed.). London: E & FN Spon. ISBN 0-203-45126-0. OCLC 252865013.
4. Helmsley, Viscountess (July 1907). "Women's League". *The Garden City*. **2** (18): 372.


title: Malarinum Melliya

abstract: Malarinum Melliya is a 2008 Tamil language romantic drama film directed by P. S. Selvaraj. The film stars Vignesh and Varshini, with Sivachakravarthi, Periyar Dasan, P. S. Selvaraj, Dhadha Muthukumar, Muthukaalai, and Nellai Siva playing supporting roles. The film, produced by Sugumari Rajamanokaran, was released on 9 May 2008. Actor Vignesh's voice was dubbed by dubbing artist Sekar and he won the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for his work.

text:
# Malarinum Melliya

***Malarinum Melliya*** (transl.*Softer than flower*) is a 2008 Tamil language romantic drama film directed by P. S. Selvaraj. The film stars Vignesh and Varshini, with Sivachakravarthi, Periyar Dasan, P. S. Selvaraj, Dhadha Muthukumar, Muthukaalai, and Nellai Siva playing supporting roles. The film, produced by Sugumari Rajamanokaran, was released on 9 May 2008. Actor Vignesh's voice was dubbed by dubbing artist Sekar and he won the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for his work.

## Plot

A school teacher (P. S. Selvaraj) enters the village to take up the vacant teacher's post in the village school. Upon his arrival, he is intrigued to see the villagers gathering in front of a large house. The village cartman (Periyar Dasan) tells him that the old man Elango, who is the village leader and respected by people, is between life and death, and explains Elango's life story.

In the past, Sundaravadanam (Sivachakravarthi) was a rich village chief whom the villagers held in high esteem. He loved his village as much as his family. Elango (Vignesh), being Sundaravadanam's eldest son had a lot of responsibilities and followed in his father's footsteps. Sundaravadanam was against love marriage and only believed in arranged marriage. He believed that his family's honor came first. Elango then fell under the spell of the bubbly girl Sandhya (Varshini), the daughter of the local temple priest (Dhadha Muthukumar). Elango declared his love to Sandhya, and after initial refusal, she reciprocated. Sundaravadanam, who punished so many lovers before, found it hard to swallow that his own son was in love. Sundaravadanam then publicly humiliated Sandhya's father. Instead of eloping, Elango decided to argue with his father to convince him to accept the marriage. Sundaravadanam and Elango's mother Kamala, shocked by the words of their son, both died of heart attacks. Elango was obliged to become the new village chief as per the village's rule. The villagers then beat up Sandhya and her father for tarnishing the image of the village. Sandhya and her father left the village, but before Sandhya left, she told Elango that her love was pure and faithful. Elango then remained single and worked hard for the good of his family and village.

Back to the present, Sandhya arrives to see her aged lover Elango who is battling for life. Sandhya remained single and loved Elango so much that she would not marry another man. The film ends with Sandhya feeding cow's milk to Elango (Thalaikoothal) to end his sufferings and both dying.

## Cast

* Vignesh as Elango
* Varshini as Sandhya
* Sivachakravarthi as Sundaravadanam
* Periyar Dasan as Cartman
* P. S. Selvaraj as Teacher
* Dhadha Muthukumar as Gurukkal
* Muthukaalai
* Nellai Siva
* Latha as Elango's sister
* Sharmila as Elango's sister
* Joy
* Gopi
* Vijayabhaskar
* Veera
* Puthugai Manimaran
* Sundar
* Maheshwari
* Karpagam
* Nagalakshmi

## Production

Vignesh was chosen to play the lead role, while Varshini was selected to play the daughter of a temple priest who fell in love with Vignesh. The film was shot in Pudukkottai, Kodaikanal, Aranthangi, Nattarasankottai, Tiruchirappalli, Thanjavur, Sriperumbudur and Chennai. In the middle of July 2007, it was reported that Vignesh and Varshini shared a kiss in the film. The film director P. S. Selvaraj wanted a kiss scene between the two, feared of asking the actress, P. S. Selvaraj whispered in Vignesh's ear to kiss her and he kissed Varshini without her consent. Varshini clarified about the controversy the next month, she said that the film director later reshot the kiss scene with her approval.

## Soundtrack

| Malarinum Melliya | |
| --- | --- |
| Soundtrack album by Soundaryan | |
| Released | 2007 |
| Recorded | 2007 |
| Genre | Feature film soundtrack |
| Length | 23:17 |
| Producer | Soundaryan |

The film score and the soundtrack were composed by Soundaryan. The soundtrack, released in 2007, features 5 tracks with lyrics written by Muthu Vijayan, Kavimugil, Seerkazhi Sirpy and Balamurugan. Rama Narayanan, Kalaipuli G. Sekaran and Karthi attended the audio launch, and Karthi released the audio.

| Track | Song | Singer(s) | Duration |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Kannukotta" | Ranjith, Roshini | 4:46 |
| 2 | "Nijamai Nijamai" | Mukesh, Vinaya | 4:27 |
| 3 | "Adada Adada" | Mukesh | 4:45 |
| 4 | "Vizhiyoramaai" | Mukesh | 4:51 |
| 5 | "Kathal Sammatham" | Vinaya | 4:28 |

## Release

The film had a low-key release on 9 May 2008 and flopped at the box-office. A critic from *Nowrunning.com* rated the film 2 stars out of 5 and wrote, "Films with new or up and coming artistes are generally not talked about much. *Malarinum Melliya*, set in the rural background, is one such film, but deserves critical acclaim".

## InfoBox

| Malarinum Melliya | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | P. S. Selvaraj |
| Written by | P. S. Selvaraj |
| Produced by | Sugumari Rajamanokaran |
| Starring | Vignesh
Varshini |
| Cinematography | K. V. Mani |
| Edited by | R. K. Udhayakumar |
| Music by | Soundaryan |
| Production
company | Divyadharshini Production |
| Release date | * 9 May 2008 (2008-05-09) |
| Running time | 130 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Tamil |


title: Premier of Gauteng

abstract: The Premier of Gauteng is the head of government of the Gauteng province of South Africa. The current Premier of Gauteng is Panyaza Lesufi, a member of the African National Congress, who was elected on 6 October 2022, following the resignation of David Makhura.

text:
# Premier of Gauteng

The **Premier of Gauteng** is the head of government of the Gauteng province of South Africa. The current Premier of Gauteng is Panyaza Lesufi, a member of the African National Congress, who was elected on 6 October 2022, following the resignation of David Makhura.

## Functions

In terms of the constitution, the executive authority of a province is vested in the Premier. The Premier appoints an Executive Council made up of ten members of the provincial legislature; they are known as Members of the Executive Council (MECs). The MECs are effectively ministers and the Executive Council a cabinet at the provincial level. The Premier has the warrant to appoint and dismiss MECs at his/her own discretion.

The Premier and the Executive Council are responsible for implementing provincial legislation, along with any national legislation assigned to the province. They set provincial policy and manage the departments of the provincial government; their actions are subject to the national constitution.

In order for an act of the provincial legislature to become law, the Premier must sign it. If he/she believes that the act is unconstitutional, it can be referred back to the legislature for reconsideration. If the Premier and the legislature cannot agree, the act must be referred to the Constitutional Court for a final decision.

The Premier is also *ex officio* a member of the National Council of Provinces, the upper house of Parliament, as one of the special delegates from the province.

## List

| No. | Portrait | Name
(Birth–Death) | Term of office | | | Political party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Took office | Left office | Time in office | |
| 1 |  | Tokyo Sexwale (born 1953) | 7 May 1994 | 19 January 1998 | 3 years, 257 days | African National Congress |
| 2 |  | Mathole Motshekga (born 1949) | 19 January 1998 | 15 June 1999 | 1 year, 147 days | |
| 3 |  | Mbhazima Shilowa (born 1958) | 15 June 1999 | 29 September 2008 | 9 years, 106 days | |
| 4 |  | Paul Mashatile (born 1961) | 7 October 2008 | 6 May 2009 | 211 days | |
| 5 |  | Nomvula Mokonyane (born 1963) | 6 May 2009 | 21 May 2014 | 5 years, 15 days | |
| 6 |  | David Makhura (born 1968) | 21 May 2014 | 6 October 2022 | 8 years, 138 days | |
| 7 |  | Panyaza Lesufi (born 1968) | 6 October 2022 | *Incumbent* | 1 year, 361 days | |

## Election

The election for the Gauteng Provincial Legislature is held every five years, simultaneously with the election of the National Assembly; the last such election occurred on 8 May 2019. At the first meeting of the provincial legislature after an election, the members choose the Premier from amongst themselves. The provincial legislature can force the Premier to resign by a motion of no confidence. If the Premiership becomes vacant (for whatever reason) the provincial legislature must choose a new Premier to serve out the period until the next election. One person cannot have served more than two five-year terms as Premier; however, when a Premier is chosen to fill a vacancy the time until the next election does not count as a term.

## InfoBox

| Premier of Gauteng | |
| --- | --- |
| Incumbent
Panyaza Lesufi
since 6 October 2022 | |
| Gauteng Government | |
| Style | Premier
The Honourable |
| Type | Head of government |
| Member of | National Council of Provinces
Member of the Executive Council |
| Seat | Johannesburg |
| Appointer | Gauteng Provincial Legislature |
| Term length | Five years, renewable once |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of South Africa |
| Inaugural holder | Tokyo Sexwale |
| Formation | 7 May 1994 |
| Salary | 2,3 million |
| Website | Official website |


title: Widley

abstract: Widley is an area of the Greater Portsmouth conurbation in Hampshire, near Waterlooville and Purbrook. It is on the dip slope of the South Downs just north of the ridge called Portsdown Hill. Widley is served by the A3(T), trunk road which runs from Portsmouth to London. The main A3 to London is very close by, making it commutable by road. Widley is served by Cosham or Havant rail stations.

text:
# Widley

**Widley** is an area of the Greater Portsmouth conurbation in Hampshire, near Waterlooville and Purbrook. It is on the dip slope of the South Downs just north of the ridge called Portsdown Hill.

Widley is served by the A3(T), trunk road which runs from Portsmouth to London. The main A3 to London (at this point the A3(M) motorway) is very close by, making it commutable by road. Widley is served by Cosham or Havant rail stations.

## History

The Norman manor of Widley was held by the De Port and St John families of Cosham, and later passed to the Earls of Albemarle. In 1293, Isabel countess of Albemarle died without heirs and the manor passed back to the St John family. Later it was in the ownership of the Clynton and Uvedale families although the latter lost the manor temporarily in 1605, when accused of recusancy. It stayed in their family until 1766, when it was sold, and then passed by sale rather than inheritance.

The original village of Widley stood approx 1 mile to the west of the current centre, around the site of the present Widley Farm. The settlement moved to be sited on the then newly built Cosham to Horndean turnpike road at the time of the building of the Portsdown forts and Christ Church, which was built as a place of worship for soldiers based in the forts.

The new church of St Mary Magdalen was built in 1849. Remains of the village's former chapel can be found close to Widley Farm; members of Charles Dickens' family, including his younger brother Alfred, are buried in the graveyard.

## Governance

Politically, the majority of Widley is part of Purbrook Ward of Havant Borough Council. However, a small strip to the south is part of the City of Portsmouth unitary authority and the most western parts (including Widley Farm) are in the Southwick and Widley civil parish of Winchester City Council.

In 1894 the civil parish was abolished to form Cosham. On 13 October 1921 Cosham parish was renamed "Widley", on 1 April 1932 the parish was abolished and merged with Havant, part also went to form "Southwick and Widley". In 1931 the parish had a population of 961. It is now in the unparished area of Havant and Waterloo.

Fresh water supply in Widley is supplied by Portsmouth Water. Waste water is serviced by Southern Water. The nearest post office is within the Crookhorn Precinct Co-op shop at 8 Purbrook Way, Crookhorn Ln. Others include Purbrook, situated within the Co-op shop at 31 London Road, Purbrook or Cosham Post Office at 13 High Street, Cosham. The nearest fire stations are Cosham (full-time station) and Waterlooville (part-time station).

## InfoBox

| Widley | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| WidleyLocation within Hampshire | |
| OS grid reference | SU671068 |
| District |  |
| Shire county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | PORTSMOUTH |
| Postcode district | PO7 |
| Dialling code | 023 |
|


title: Wanjiku the Teacher

abstract: Carolyne Wanjiku Tharau, most commonly known as Wanjiku the Teacher or Teacher Wanjiku, is a Kenyan comedian, actress and producer. She is the founder and CEO of Mwalimu Production, a content creating company where the character Teacher Wanjiku is improved and animated specifically for children.

text:
# Wanjiku the Teacher

**Carolyne Wanjiku Tharau**, most commonly known as **Wanjiku the Teacher** or **Teacher Wanjiku**, is a Kenyan comedian, actress and producer.

She is the founder and CEO of *Mwalimu Production,* a content creating company where the character *Teacher Wanjiku* is improved and animated specifically for children.

## Career

Wanjiku started the character of Teacher Wanjiku in a Heartstrings play called 43rd Kenyan tribe in 2007. She received critical acclaim and went ahead to take part in other set book plays and worked on more than 30 plays while being aided by directors Sammy Mwangi and Victor Ber, who later became her husband.

Her big break came when she did her first stand-up comedy performance at the Churchill Show in 2013 getting more than 200,000 YouTube views and more offers thereafter. She has since then appeared on a number of stages in Kenya and abroad including The Hot Seat and so on. She was popularly known for her acts on 'Teacher Wanjiku' and 'Wa John'. She left Churchill Show in 2014 after her contract expired and came back as a guest performer when the show was celebrating 15 years which was also Daniel's 40th birthday.

She had her first television debut on Citizen TV in 2014 after leaving Churchill Show. Her show *Teacher Wanjiku* debuted on Citizen TV in the same week as Ugandan comedian Anne Kansiime's Don't Mess With Kansiime. Her show was however scrapped off citing production standards. She then took a break from live performance to go have her baby. She came back with a one man show at National theatre in 2016 and was a success.

Wanjiku has been brand ambassador for a number of brands including Airtel, Airtel Money, Unilever's Blue Band, Honda, Bata, USAID, National Bank and many others. She became a Dettol Ambassador after former ambassadors Julie Gichuru, Lulu Hassan and Patience Ozokwor. She also worked in the office of the president, at nation media group as a radio presenter at Q FM, Kenya Literature Bureau educating children about there sexuality, USAID promoting police reforms, Theirworld film campaign .

In 2017, Wanjiku appeared in Theirworld's #5for5 campaign to show the importance of early childhood development. The campaign also featured other notable names like Rainn Wilson, Jackie Tohn, Matt Lucas, Wendy Liebman, Shappi Khorsandi and Nish Kumar

## Teacher Wanjiku (character)

Wanjiku the teacher's character is shaped and acted by Caroline Wanjiku herself. The character is a teacher heavily influenced by her mother tongue. She dresses mostly almost as a clown in a dotted dress and big transparent eyeglasses. Caroline Wanjiku has been writing scripts for the character and performed the character live and on television mostly in Swahili and directed by her manager, director and husband Victor Ber.

## Acclaim

Wanjiku the teacher was well received by the comedy audiences in Kenya and beyond referring to her as the biggest, wittiest female comedian in Kenya, fastest rising comedian as others called her Kenya's Queen of Comedy.

## Shows

* The 11 Commandments
* Teacher Wanjiku (Citizen TV)
* The Churchill Show
* My Advice is
* The Only Lie That Works
* Girls are also funny (NTV Kenya)

## Personal life

She was born and raised in Nairobi County. She is the fourth born in a family of six. She got married in December 2014 to creative director, producer and her manager Victor Ber in a private ceremony at St. Pauls Catholic Church, University way, Nairobi.

## InfoBox

| Wanjiku the Teacher | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Caroline Wanjiku |
| Born | Nairobi County |
| Medium | Television, comedy |
| Nationality | Kenyan |
| Education | Mass Communication. |
| Years active | Since 2007 |
| Genres | Comedy |
| Subject(s) | Various |
| Spouse | Victor Ber<br>(after 2014) |
| Notable works and roles | Churchill Show |
| Website | wanjikutheteacher.com |


title: Murche

abstract: Murche is an abandoned village in the Ahal Region of Turkmenistan. The site is famed for the Mausoleum of Zengi Baba.

text:
# Murche

**Murche** is an abandoned village in the Ahal Region of Turkmenistan. The site is famed for the Mausoleum of Zengi Baba.

## History

Upon construction of the Karakum Canal to its north in the 1960s, inhabitants of Murche settled at a new site closer to the canal. Murche was left to ruins and crumbling mud-walls and doorways are all that survives.

Turkmen archaeologists have rebuilt a mud-tower and fireplace in traditional style — imparting feels of antiquity.

## Mausoleum of Zengi Baba

The most preeminent shrine of Zangi Baba, this mausoleum dates either from the 13th-14th centuries, when bricks taken from earlier establishments were put to reuse, or the 10th-11th centuries and then reconstructed a few centuries later.

It is a square building with an over-span dome — transition between walls and dome is marked with four niche-separated squinches. The cenotaph is tiled with different geometric patterns. Outside the mausoleum, a large collection of ovoid objects (prob. cannon balls; ascribed to be dinosaur eggs in local tradition) and stones of peculiar appearance (esp. ammolites) are preserved and imparted with sacred functions.

## Further reading


title: Volvarina weissmannae

abstract: Volvarina weissmannae is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

text:
# Volvarina weissmannae

***Volvarina weissmannae*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Marginellidae, the margin snails.

## Description

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Guadeloupe in the Caribbean Sea.

* Ortea J. (2014). Cómo integrar Ciencia y Naturaleza: Descripción de nuevas especies de Volvarina Hinds, 1844 (Mollusca: Marginellidae) de la isla de Guadeloupe y sus islotes satélites (Antillas Menores, Mar Caribe), nombradas en honor de treinta mujeres distinguidas con el Premio L'Oreal-Unesco. Revista de la Real Academia Canaria de Ciencias. 26: 129–188.

## InfoBox

| *Volvarina weissmannae* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Shell of *Volvarina weissmannae* (holotype in the MNHN, Paris) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Family: | Marginellidae |
| Subfamily: | Marginellinae |
| Genus: | *Volvarina* |
| Species: | ***V. weissmannae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Volvarina weissmannae***<br>Ortea, 2014 | |
|


title: Zoje Stage

abstract: Zoje Stage is an American writer from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, known for her work in the performing arts and literature. She was awarded an Emerging Storytellers Fellowship from the Independent Filmmaker Project for her script "Hands and Knees" and a Fellowship in Screenwriting from the New York Foundation for the Arts in 2012 and 2008, respectively. Her debut novel, Baby Teeth, has been optioned for film by Village Roadshow and Valparaiso Pictures.

text:
# Zoje Stage

**Zoje Stage** is an American writer from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, known for her work in the performing arts and literature. She was awarded an Emerging Storytellers Fellowship from the Independent Filmmaker Project for her script "Hands and Knees" and a Fellowship in Screenwriting from the New York Foundation for the Arts in 2012 and 2008, respectively.

Her debut novel, *Baby Teeth*, has been optioned for film by Village Roadshow and Valparaiso Pictures.

## Bibliography

### Novels

### Scripts

* “The Machine Who Loved”
* "Hands and Knees"

## Synopses

* *Baby Teeth (2018):* This novel tells the story of Suzette and Alex, a thirty-something married couple who is trying to figure out what's wrong with their 7-year-old daughter, Hanna. Hanna has been mute since she was 3-years-old, but has recently started talking to only Suzette as Marie-Anne Dufosset, a witch who was burned at the stake. Meanwhile, Suzette is growing increasingly more scared of Hanna's violent outbursts and manipulative moments.
* *Wonderland (2020):* This novel is about a family of four that moves from New York to a rural farmhouse. The family starts dealing with malevolent forces in the woods outside of their home, but they're not sure if they're coming from the earth, trees, or somewhere deep in their minds.


abstract: The 1968 Major League Baseball expansion draft was conducted to stock up the rosters of four expansion teams in Major League Baseball created via the 1969 Major League Baseball expansion and which would begin play in the 1969 season. The expansion draft for the Montreal Expos and the San Diego Padres was held on October 14, 1968. The expansion draft for the Kansas City Royals and the Seattle Pilots was held on October 15, 1968.

text:
# 1968 Major League Baseball expansion draft

The **1968 Major League Baseball expansion draft** was conducted to stock up the rosters of four expansion teams in Major League Baseball created via the 1969 Major League Baseball expansion and which would begin play in the 1969 season.

The expansion draft for the Montreal Expos and the San Diego Padres was held on October 14, 1968. The expansion draft for the Kansas City Royals and the Seattle Pilots was held on October 15, 1968.

## Background

**Expos****Royals****Padres****Pilots**class=notpageimage|1969 MLB Expansion Teams

### Montreal Expos

On December 2, 1967, Gerry Snyder presented a bid for a Montreal franchise to Major League Baseball's team owners at their winter meetings in Mexico City. One potential wild card in Montreal's favor was that the chair of the National League's expansion committee was influential Los Angeles Dodgers president Walter O'Malley, under whom the minor league Montreal Royals had become affiliated with the Dodgers. On May 27, 1968, O'Malley announced that franchises were being awarded to Montreal and San Diego, beginning play the following year (1969).

Business executive Charles Bronfman of the Seagram's distilling empire owned the new team. With a long history of use in Montreal, the "Royals" was one of the candidate nicknames for the new franchise, but the American League's new Kansas City team adopted this name, so the new owners conducted a contest to name the team. Many names were suggested by Montrealers (including the "Voyageurs" and in a coincidental twist, the "Nationals" — now used by the team in its new home in Washington, D.C.) but there was a clear winner. At the time, the city was still basking in the glow of the recently completed Expo 67, the most popular World's Fair to date, and so the name "Expos" was used. The Expos name also had the advantage of being the same in both English and French, the city's two dominant languages.

### San Diego Padres

The Padres adopted their name from the Pacific Coast League team which arrived in San Diego in 1936. That minor league franchise won the PCL title in 1937, led by then-18-year-old San Diego native Ted Williams. Their original owner was C. Arnholt Smith, a prominent San Diego businessman and former owner of the PCL Padres whose interests included banking, tuna fishing, hotels, real estate and an airline. The team was led by longtime baseball executive Buzzie Bavasi.

### Kansas City Royals

The "Royals" name originates from the American Royal Livestock Show, held in Kansas City since 1899. Entering Major League Baseball as an expansion franchise in 1969, the club was founded by Ewing Kauffman, a Kansas City businessman. The franchise was established following the actions of Stuart Symington, then-United States Senator from Missouri, who demanded a new franchise for the city after the Athletics—Kansas City's previous major league team—moved to Oakland, California.

### Seattle Pilots

Seattle initially had much going for it when it joined the American League in 1969. Seattle had long been a hotbed for minor league baseball and was home to the Seattle Rainiers, one of the pillars of the Pacific Coast League (PCL). The Cleveland Indians had almost moved to Seattle in 1965. Many of the same things that attracted the Indians made Seattle a plum choice for an expansion team. Seattle was the third-biggest metropolitan area on the West Coast (behind Los Angeles and San Francisco Bay Area).

## Draft results

Key
|  | All-Star |
| --- | --- |
|  | Member of the Baseball Hall of Fame |

a The Expos acquired Bobby Wine as compensation after Larry Jackson decided to retire rather than report to Montreal.

b Dave Giusti never played for the Padres. He was traded back to the Cardinals two months later for four players.

c Hoyt Wilhelm never played for the Royals. He was traded to the California Angels on December 12, 1968, for two players.

d Lou Piniella never played for the Pilots. He was traded to the Royals on April 1, 1969.

e Jesus Alou, Jack Billingham and Skip Guinn never played for the Expos. Alou and Donn Clendenon were traded to Houston for Rusty Staub. When Clendenon threatened to retire rather than report, Billingham and Guinn were sent to Houston to complete the trade.

f Katawczik, Glass, Miklos, Richmond and Click never played in the Majors.

g Ike Brookens never played for the Royals. He did not play in the Majors until making his debut with the Detroit Tigers in 1975.

g Jimy Williams never played for the Expos or returned to the Majors.

h Rick James never played for the Padres or returned to the Majors.

## InfoBox

| 1968 Major League Baseball expansion draft | |
| --- | --- |
| General information | |
| Sport | Baseball |
| Date(s) | October 14, 1968 (National League)
October 15, 1968 (American League) |
| Overview | |
| **60 (National League)
60 (American League)** total selections | |
| First selection | Manny Mota (Montreal Expos) |
|  | |


title: Mount Carmel A.M.E. Zion Campground

abstract: Mount Carmel A.M.E. Zion Church & Campground is a historic African Methodist Episcopal Zion camp meeting grounds in Heath Springs, South Carolina, Lancaster County, South Carolina. It was established in 1866 and consists of a complex of approximately 55 small "cabins" or "tents" and the brick church of Mt. Carmel A.M.E. Zion Church is located in the general form of a rectangle. Mount Carmel A.M.E Zion Church Campmeeting starts every year on the first Wednesday in September, and last for 4–5 days. An "arbor," or open-air structure, is located in the center of the complex, where music, gospel singing, praise and worship, preaching and teachings are held. People come to worship, fellowship, network, and eat food from as far as New York City, NY to Orlando, FL. There is also a section on the grounds for vendors. The majority of the cabins are small frame, some are two story cabins for larger families made from concrete block and wooden structures. Also on the property is the church cemetery. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

text:
# Mount Carmel A.M.E. Zion Campground

**Mount Carmel A.M.E. Zion Church & Campground** is a historic African Methodist Episcopal Zion camp meeting grounds in Heath Springs, South Carolina, Lancaster County, South Carolina. It was established in 1866 and consists of a complex of approximately 55 small "cabins" or "tents" and the brick church of Mt. Carmel A.M.E. Zion Church is located in the general form of a rectangle. Mount Carmel A.M.E Zion Church Campmeeting starts every year on the first Wednesday in September, and last for 4–5 days. An "arbor," or open-air structure, is located in the center of the complex, where music, gospel singing, praise and worship, preaching and teachings are held. People come to worship, fellowship, network, and eat food from as far as New York City, NY to Orlando, FL. There is also a section on the grounds for vendors. The majority of the cabins are small frame, some are two story cabins for larger families made from concrete block and wooden structures. Also on the property is the church cemetery.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Mount Carmel A.M.E. Zion Church Campground | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Nearest city | Lancaster, South Carolina |
| Coordinates | 34°35′47″N 80°46′45″W / 34.59639°N 80.77917°W / 34.59639; -80.77917 |
| Area | 7.4 acres (3.0 ha) |
| Built | 1866 |
| Architect | Multiple |
| NRHP reference No. | 79002386 |
| Added to NRHP | May 10, 1979 |