title: ZOEgirl

abstract: ZOEgirl was an American Christian teen pop and pop rock band formed in 1999. The group comprised Chrissy Conway-Katina, Alisa Childers and Kristin Swinford-Schweain. They were signed to Sparrow Records from 1999 to 2006 and released their debut single "I Believe" in 2000. This song and their self-titled debut album ZOEgirl helped them become Sparrow's fastest selling artist of all time. With All of My Heart, the lead single for Life, was the group's only No. 1 Christian contemporary hit radio (CHR) single and led to the group receiving a GMA Dove Award for New Artist of the Year in 2002. By the end of 2003, over one million albums from ZOEgirl were sold. As a response to the musical trends of the time, ZOEgirl changed their format from teen pop to pop rock with the release of "You Get Me" in 2003. Released as the lead single for their third album, Different Kind of Free, this was their only No. 1 Christian adult contemporary (AC) single. It also peaked at No. 2 on CHR, making it the second-highest ZOEgirl song on that chart. The group's musical change and the growing digital piracy at the time led to slower sales of ZOEgirl's music. Their highly anticipated fourth and final studio album Room to Breathe earned the No. 1 spot on Billboard's Top Heatseekers Album charts. It was ZOEgirl's least successful album in terms of US Christian radio airplay, with only "About You" and "Scream" released as singles and the latter being unsuccessful. In 2006, ZOEgirl disbanded, and Kristin and Chrissy formed the group Colman Blue with Kelly Trontell, which split up in January 2010. In 2011, the group reunited for a two-hour interview on The Brian Mason Show, suggesting that they may release a lullaby album in the future. On May 24, 2013, Chrissy registered the ZOEgirlMusic.com domain name with Go Daddy. The group confirmed that they have reunited to create the lullaby album, though nothing has materialized.

text:
# ZOEgirl

**ZOEgirl** was an American Christian teen pop and pop rock band formed in 1999. The group comprised Chrissy Conway-Katina, Alisa Childers and Kristin Swinford-Schweain. They were signed to Sparrow Records from 1999 to 2006 and released their debut single "I Believe" in 2000. This song and their self-titled debut album *ZOEgirl* helped them become Sparrow's fastest selling artist of all time. *With All of My Heart*, the lead single for *Life*, was the group's only No. 1 Christian contemporary hit radio (CHR) single and led to the group receiving a GMA Dove Award for New Artist of the Year in 2002. By the end of 2003, over one million albums from ZOEgirl were sold.

As a response to the musical trends of the time, ZOEgirl changed their format from teen pop to pop rock with the release of "You Get Me" in 2003. Released as the lead single for their third album, *Different Kind of Free*, this was their only No. 1 Christian adult contemporary (AC) single. It also peaked at No. 2 on CHR, making it the second-highest ZOEgirl song on that chart. The group's musical change and the growing digital piracy at the time led to slower sales of ZOEgirl's music. Their highly anticipated fourth and final studio album *Room to Breathe* earned the No. 1 spot on *Billboard*'s Top Heatseekers Album charts. It was ZOEgirl's least successful album in terms of US Christian radio airplay, with only "About You" and "Scream" released as singles and the latter being unsuccessful.

In 2006, ZOEgirl disbanded, and Kristin and Chrissy formed the group Colman Blue with Kelly Trontell, which split up in January 2010.

In 2011, the group reunited for a two-hour interview on The Brian Mason Show, suggesting that they may release a lullaby album in the future. On May 24, 2013, Chrissy registered the ZOEgirlMusic.com domain name with Go Daddy. The group confirmed that they have reunited to create the lullaby album, though nothing has materialized.

## History

### 1999: Making the group

Norman Miller, an artist manager for groups such as Avalon, said one day: "I see a need for a girls pop group." He knew Alisa Childers since 1977, when she was two years old, and "decided to build the \[girl\] group around her." Together with Lynn Nichols, a writer and executive producer, they approached Kristin (Swinford) Schweain, who was then part of a jazz group. Nichols said: "She \[Alisa\] had a real writing sensitivity. Then we heard Kristin sing and play the piano. She had a pure pop voice, and it was a really interesting mix with Alisa's more gritty style. Then we said, 'Let's just see what unfolds.'" Schweain felt that it was a difficult decision for her to choose between her jazz group and this new opportunity in a girl group: "I felt like I was betraying them \[her previous group\], but at the same time I felt a pull to ZOEgirl and felt led to meet Alisa." She ultimately decided to join the group.

They wanted a third member, so Kristin remembered that her friend had "a friend in Atlanta who was playing in a band and working with some musicians." Nichols recalls: "It sounded kind of flaky, but I told Kristin to give her a call." This girl from Atlanta was Chrissy (Conway) Katina, who was recently rejected by LaFace Records. Katina said: "My lawyer thought I was crazy for wanting to join a Christian group. He told me I'd never make any money." Regardless, she chose to become the third member of the group, which has yet to be named.

### 2000–2002: Pop years and "With All of My Heart"

The girl group signed to Sparrow Records but needed a name. Their original name was simply "ZOE", all in capital letters, their favourite from a list of possible names they have made. However, there was already a trademark for this name, so they added the suffix "girl" in minuscule letters to form the name "ZOEgirl." The name ZOEgirl comes from the Greek word *zoe*, which, in Greek, means life. Through their music, ZOEgirl talks about life in Christ.

ZOEgirl's first, self-titled release was released on August 15, 2000. Most of the songs talk about their relationship with God, although two of them are about fleeing a sinful lifestyle and were not released as singles. "I Believe" and "Living For You" both obtained the No. 4 position on the Adult Contemporary (AC) chart, while "Anything Is Possible" obtained the No. 8 position on the contemporary hit radio (CHR) chart. The album itself peaked at position No. 8 on *Billboard*'s Top Heatseekers chart and sold over 350 000 copies by the end of 2003.

The single "With All of My Heart" was released on October 8, 2001, to promote the group's album, *Life*. The song obtained the No. 1 position for 3 weeks on the CHR Charts, and the No. 3 position on the AC radio charts. *Life* was released on November 20, 2001, with better critical acclaim and sales compared to their debut album. Over 120 000 copies of this album were sold during the first six weeks of its release, and nearly 370 000 copies were sold by the end of 2003.

### 2003–2005: Transition to pop rock and "You Get Me"

After a drastic musical change from bubblegum pop to pop rock, Different Kind of FREE was released. This is the most critically acclaimed album from ZOEgirl, mainly due to its lead single "You Get Me" and the Radio Disney single "Feel Alright". Another factor leading to this album's success is the music video filmed for "You Get Me". The girls then embarked on the FREE Experience Tour to promote the album with artists Superchick and Joy Williams.

ZOEgirl released their final album with Sparrow, *Room to Breathe*, on March 15, 2005. The album peaked at position 108 on the *Billboard* 200, and at position No. 1 on the *Billboard* Heatseekers chart, making this the highest charting ZOEgirl album to date. However, its two singles were not as successful as the group's past hits. "About You" peaked at position No. 5 on the CHR charts and at No. 4 on the AC chart. "Scream" peaked at No. 40 on the AC charts and at No. 14 on the CHR charts.

The group's first greatest hits album, *With All of My Heart – The Greatest Hits*, was released on December 26, 2005. Two new songs were added to the album: "Unchangeable" and "One Day". "Unchangeable" was released as the album's lead single, peaking at No. 20 on CHR and No. 27 on AC. "One Day" was not released as a single.

### 2006: Disestablishment

In September 2006, by means of their now-defunct ZOEgirl fan club site, the group announced that they would quit writing and recording music as a group so that members could tend to their personal objectives.

* Chrissy Conway-Katina was recording for a solo album *Beautiful Redemption*, though it was never released. In 2008, she formed a new group, COLMANblue, with Kelli Trontel and Kristin Schweain later joined. They recorded and released "Hey (Not Worth the Worry)" in 2009.
* Alisa Childers released a self-titled album on December 1, 2007. She was in an independent Christian group named Girard Girls with her sisters and nieces. Formed in late 2009, they released a self-titled album independently under Calvary Chapel Music on April 20, 2011. In 2020, she was featured in the film *American Gospel: Christ Crucified* and detailed her journey from the Contemporary Christian Music movement to Christian Apologetics and a distinction between progressive and conservative Christianity.
* Kristin Swinford-Schweain recorded *Days of Eden*.

### 2011: Reunion

After more than four years of inactivity and separation, ZOEgirl reunited on February 27, 2011, for an interview on *The Brian Mason Show*. The group made no plans to create music together, but says that it is still possible.

## Member timeline

Note: ZOEgirl disbanded in September 2006. September 2008 to March 2010 represents spin-off group COLMANblue.

## Discography

## InfoBox

| ZOEgirl | |
| --- | --- |
| ZOEgirl at the Jump5 tour in 2005.<br>From left to right: Chrissy, Alisa, and Kristin. | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Brentwood, Tennessee, U.S. |
| Genres |  |
| Years active | 1999–2006; 2011 (reunion) |
| Labels | Sparrow |
|  | |
| Past members |  |


title: Vicious Circle (comics)

abstract: The Vicious Circle is a criminal organization of mutants, cyborgs, monsters, assassins, and magicians that serves as the primary opponents for the superheroes in Erik Larsen's comic-book titles, primarily the Dragon.

text:
# Vicious Circle (comics)

The **Vicious Circle** is a criminal organization of mutants, cyborgs, monsters, assassins, and magicians that serves as the primary opponents for the superheroes in Erik Larsen's comic-book titles, primarily the Dragon.

## Overview

The group has a varying line-up, sometimes consisting of five-to-six members and sometimes having a staggeringly huge membership. Originally the Vicious Circle was led by the Overlord, an armored mastermind who ruled all of Chicago's underworld. Later, it would be ruled by the technology controlling Cyberface. Once the Savage Dragon started policing the streets of Chicago, the Vicious Circle began to falter and its members started winding up in prison, the hospital or just plain dead. The Vicious Circle remains a consistent thorn in the Savage Dragon's side, and frequently faces off with the SuperPatriot and others, including Raphael of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, who in issues 10 and 11 of the series run with Image took on the entire Vicious Circle himself in a bar fight.

The Circle desires to utterly control Chicago. Members have attacked the Dragon time and time again, willing to kill anyone who gets in their way. Occasionally, they use subtler methods.

A power vacuum causes an inter-faction war, ending with the sex-changed Johnny Redbeard in charge.

Using insiders, they have Dragon fired and replaced with a more buffoonish superpowered hero, She-Dragon. However, this plan fails as She-Dragon is carefully trained by other police officers and becomes a credible threat.

The Circle is briefly part of the superhero/gang war that erupts in New York City, as mentioned in *Wildcats* #28.

Circle members are part of the heroic resistance when Martians attack Earth, though they try to claim power and territory once the Dragon kills all the aliens.

After the alien invasion, the Dragon shrunk much of their group with a Martian device, sucked them up in a vacuum cleaner and tossed them out the window. The shrunken members were then used to free other members from jail.

Presumably, the Vicious Circle, along with most of Earth, are dead after a cosmic entity named Universo attacks the planet. Some people of this Earth survived to travel to another, but it is not known whether any Circle members did.

## Leaders

### Overlord

| Overlord | |
| --- | --- |
| Overlord battles his archenemy on the cover to Savage Dragon #7, January 1994. Art by Erik Larsen. | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Image Comics |
| First appearance | *The Savage Dragon* #1 (July 1992) |
| Created by | Erik Larsen |
| In-story information | |
| Alter ego | Antonio Seghetti
Victor Nixon
Flash Mercury |
| Team affiliations | Vicious Circle |
| Abilities | Brilliant criminal leader.
Wears a suit of cybernetic powered armor that enhances his strength and protects him from harm. |

**Overlord** first appeared in Larsen's Savage Dragon series, serving as that title's first principal villain and the archenemy of the Dragon. Like many of Larsen's characters, Overlord was based on a character that Larsen had created during his childhood. First conceived as "Bronzeman", a sort of criminal counterpart to Iron Man, Larsen later found he disliked the name and changed it to Overlord. The character's costume also went through multiple revisions before Larsen was satisfied.

#### Fictional character biography

Overlord is a Chicago-based crime lord named Antonio Seghetti with extensive ties to the Mafia and the European pocket nation of Lieberheim. As a child, he kills his sister's rapist during the act itself. Though noble, he starts a downward spiral into thuggery. He soon is involved in all sorts of crime, including rape itself.

In the 1990s, the superhuman population of the world skyrockets, resulting in Seghetti's illegal operations being threatened. In response, Saghetti has Sebastian Kahn (a cybernetics genius) design and construct for him a powerful battlesuit to wear. Donning the armor, Saghetti dubs himself Overlord and recruits countless superhuman thugs into his criminal empire, calling the group the Vicious Circle. With superhuman agents, he breaks away from his Mafia connections and Overlord soon has the city of Chicago at his mercy. The Overlord's luck changes when the Savage Dragon becomes a police officer. The Dragon began to dismantle his empire piece by piece. Later the Overlord also has to contend with Kahn, who had been technologically augmented and is now called CyberFace. CyberFace leads a team of superhumans called the Annihilators against the Vicious Circle, but is arrested. After negotiating with the police, CyberFace plans to testify against Overlord and reveal his identity. Overlord panics and dispatched several assassins. Cyberface ended up dead in his cell, having been poisoned through his food. He is soon revived through artificial means.

Dragon's first confrontration with Overlord ends with being thrown off a roof and impaled on a church spire. Later, the Dragon returns with a S.W.A.T. team. The other police officers are killed almost instantly. The Dragon takes apart Overlord's armor and shoots him in the mouth, one of his few vulnerable spots. Overlord falls off the roof, breaking a spire and slamming into the sidewalk.

#### Armor On

Other forces conspire to send Dragon to hell, though Dragon does not believe it is real. Nevertheless, he viciously torments Antonio when they meet. Antonio has his armor recreated by mystical means. The Dragon bites off Antonio's finger and spits it through the man's head.

Since then, Overlord's armor has been used by others who have tried to gain power in the Chicago underworld. Some, such as Brainiape, must deal with literally not being able to fit into the armor. Then there was Victor Nixon, Chicago Police officer. He had developed an attraction to the married Rita Meadermade. His use of the armor to spy on her corrupts Nixon, mixing his thought patterns with Antonio's remnants. Nixon ends up killing Rita's other stalker, her homicidal brother-in-law. He also seemingly kills Dragon's wife, but Jennifer had been replaced by a double. Nixon then gathers a force of villains to go after Dragon. This fails and in a one-on-one confrontation with the Dragon, Nixon is beaten to death. His identity is only discovered after the fact.

Under careful supervision, the armor is destroyed in a fire.

In an alternate dimension, the armor is used by a mysterious figure to keep the Vicious Circle in line with the mutation-granting blood of Dragon. Overlord claims to be trying to turn the Circle 'straight', to become a mutated-beings rights group. As part of this goal, he works unofficially with the police. These stated goals suffer a setback after the Dragon, overcome by his previous persona of evil Emperor Kurr, kills many of the Circle's powered forced.

#### In other media

Overlord is the main villain in the short lived Savage Dragon animated series, voiced by Tony Jay.

### Cyberface

| Cyberface | |
| --- | --- |
| Cyberface.
Art by Mark Welser | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Image Comics |
| First appearance | *Savage Dragon* (vol. 2) #5 (October 1993) |
| Created by | Erik Larsen |
| In-story information | |
| Alter ego | Sebastian Khan |
| Team affiliations | Vicious Circle |
| Abilities | Technology manipulation, superhuman strength and invulnerability |

**Cyberface** (**Sebastian Khan**) is a supervillain and enemy of the Dragon in the Image Universe. He first appears in *Savage Dragon* (vol. 2) #5 and was created by Erik Larsen.

#### Fictional history

The city of Chicago has long been renowned for its organized crime, most famously during the infamous reign of Al Capone. The mobs and gangsters managed to retain power for decades but the growing superhuman population threatened their rule by the early 1990s. A Mafia crime lord, Antonio Seghetti, saw this growing menace and acted on it. He had his second-in-command, Sebastian Khan, exercise his technological expertise to try and come up with an answer to the freaks.

The mob had a healthy relationship with the small country of Lieberheim and it's ruthless dictator, Dread Knight, was given a prototype suit of armour to increase his influence of power, as well as constructing him a legion of android soldiers, the Dreadheads.

With the success of the original armour, Khan improved upon his own designs and created the nigh-invulnerable armour that would allow Seghetti to assume the role of OverLord. In this new role, the crime lord was forced to remain within his suit or face certain death from the freaks he has subdued and recruited into his new organisation, the Vicious Circle.

OverLord soon spent less and less time with his Mafia associates while maintaining his new persona twenty-four hours a day. Khan was abandoned and left the mob to pursue other plans. At some unknown point, Khan gained superhuman powers to manipulate all technology and he took on the guise of CyberFace. Gathering a number of other superpowered criminals, CyberFace formed the Annihilators and prepared them to seize control of the Vicious Circle. Unfortunately for him, the Chicago Police Department's Freak Force program interfered and apprehended him, as well as trapping the Annihilators in a dimensional limbo.

While in police custody, CyberFace was poisoned on the orders of OverLord and was presumed dead. Desperate to get CyberFace back so that he can testify against OverLord, as he is the only man able to identify the armoured crime lord in his human guise, the Dragon takes the dead man's carcass to the government's Project: Born Again program. The villain was partially resurrected before the facility was destroyed, and CyberFace wandered back to Chicago and was manipulated by Octopus, planning to use him to conquer the Vicious Circle.

Octopus was later apprehended and CyberFace was cleared of any charges after giving evidence against OverLord so that a warrant for his arrest could be made. Shortly after, Horde took possession of CyberFace and used his might to become the new leader of the Vicious Circle after the Dragon had killed OverLord.

Due to the incomplete resurrection, CyberFace slowly began to degenerate and was saved from death by Abner Cadaver, who infused him with the life essences of some of the Undead. This lifeforce was very unstable, and when CyberFace attempted to conquer Chicago in light of the Martian invasion, he was destroyed by a single punch from the Dragon.

Octopus, OpenFace and PowerHouse revived CyberFace in the gorilla body of BrainiApe, and he stole the OverLord armour from the government as part of a bid to reclaim the Vicious Circle, now under the leadership of Horde. In a mass battle which killed Horde, the remains of CyberFace were finally destroyed by BrainiApe.

#### Savage World

CyberFace formed the Annihilators and took them to seize control of the Vicious Circle. CyberFace managed to successfully claim leadership away from OverLord, who he then killed. From this point on, Khan's sphere of influence continued to expand and the Vicious Circle soon became a serious force to be reckoned with.

When the Cosmic Cops invaded Earth in 1994, they managed to decimate much of New York City and looked set to expand their precincts to contain much of the planet. No heroes were able to get close enough to accomplish anything and numerous teams were being monitored and threatened with death if they acted. It was only when CyberFace entered the fray that the aliens were defeated.

The Cosmic Cops’ impressive technology was enslaved by CyberFace who then used it to destroy the invaders and convert them into his mindless cybernetic slaves. New York City was the next city behind Chicago to become controlled by CyberFace and his powerbase increased immensely. Few could oppose him now that he had the enhanced technology of the Cosmic Cops.

Three years later when the Martians launched their mammoth invasion of Earth and destroyed much of the planet, CyberFace again came to humanity's rescue, albeit to serve his own selfish gains. CyberFace defeated these latest aggressors and added their technology to his growing cache of equipment was able to seize complete control of Earth and became the King of the World.

Only one person has had the audacity to truly oppose CyberFace, and that is Dragon. He carried out a failed assassination attempt which has earned him the unenviable position of being public enemy number one with a huge bounty on his head. In May 1999, our Dragon's mind took control of his alternate timeline's body and he has begun his own quest to depose CyberFace from power.

Over the next few years, Dragon proceeded to gather together a resistance movement that consisted of abandoned Vicious Circle members, the Underground Freaks and other freedom fighters. Dragon led an assault upon the White House which prompted CyberFace to flee up to the starship of Vanguard's but was unable to hide from his arch-enemy.

Dragon confronted his foe, leading him to the isolation booth that once housed the Possessor, neutralising his powers. This then allowed the hero to free Vanguard so that they can gas CyberFace, leaving him locked away in case his incredible abilities are needed to save the Earth in the future. He could still access remote units under his control such as Wally who shot the villain dead rather than turn into his loyal slave.

#### Powers and abilities

CyberFace has immense electro-magnetic abilities that allow him to effortlessly manipulate huge amounts of technology. He also possesses great strength and invulnerability.

### Alison Summers

Alison Summers is the fifth main villain of the series and the niece of Dart 1 and Dart III.

### Samurai

The new leader of the Vicious Circle.

## Members

### Abner Carvader

A scientist of the Vicious Circle.

### BrainApe

An ape with Adolf Hitler's brain.

### Horde

Horde is a fictional villain in the comic book series Savage Dragon where he, 50 issues, a secret antagonist, plotting events from behind the scenes.

Horde is the wizard Fon~Ti, the wizard who grants mortals the power of Mighty Man. Trapped and controlled by Mighty Man's old enemy The Wicked Worm. Duplicated bodies of the worm covered Fon~Ti at the command of his old rival Abner Cadaver and used him to slowly take control of Chicago's super-powered criminal underworld.

Horde possesses a number of characters before stepping out of the shadows, the first character is possessed in the very first issue of the Savage Dragon's ongoing series. First the homeless freak The Shrew; then veteran hero Superpatriot; The Dragon himself, causing him to go on a mindless rampage nearly destroying the city of Chicago; vigilante Mace and wannabe heroine She-Dragon; before taking control of criminal Cyberface. Horde used Cyberface to control the Vicious Circle, the biggest super-criminal organisation in Chicago. When Cyberface was killed for the third time Horde revealed himself, took control of all of the Vicious Circle members with his worms.

The Vicious Circle under Horde's leadership cause enough problems to force The Dragon to return from Washington DC and deal with them himself in a final battle in the series' fiftieth issue. During the battle at their headquarters and despite Horde using She-Dragon's power gloves, The Dragon is able to kill off the Wicked Worms covering Fon~Ti with a can of industrial insect killer.

Fon~Ti returns eighth issues later to destroy his old enemy Cadaver and revive the Dragon fully, who had been killed shortly after destroying Horde.

Horde used the leech-like worms that covered his body to control people's minds. The Leeches, later referred to as 'Wicked Worms' (as they were all duplicates of The Wicked Worm), attached themselves at the base of each victim's skull. Each worm, it was later revealed, also had the intellect, personality and power of speech that the original Wicked Worm had.

### Jimbo da Mighty Lobster

Jimbo Da Mighty Lobster was a large, super-powered anthropomorphic Lobster who cursed frequently and battled The Dragon simply to prove he was the stronger of the two. In the end The Dragon threw the fight to end the battle and Jimbo went away thinking he was indeed, the strongest. He was not seen again.

The character was the winner of Erik Larsen's 'Ultimate Character Creation Contest'. Launched in issue 1 of the Savage Dragon ongoing series with a deadline of July 31, 1993 fans could enter their finest creation (Hero or Villain), the prize was their character would appear in issue #10 and the creator would retain the copyrights. Several thousand entered and Larsen chose the winner (Jason Merritt).

Jimbo was super-strong and invulnerable, plus had two strong claws instead of hands. He was a criminal of some kind 'making runs' using a boat.

### Mako

A mutant Shark-man.

### Octopus

**ORIGINAL IMAGE UNIVERSE**

Unhappy with the way that OverLord was running the Vicious Circle, two of its seemingly minor members joined forces to try and claim power for themselves. Octopus and OpenFace performed a number of thefts from electronics warehouses such as Donner Electronics, killing any guards they encountered. This drew the attention of Officer Dragon along with neophyte heroes Justice and She-Dragon.

In the main warehouse of Donner Electronics, Dragon caught up with his suspects and OpenFace provided cover for his partner to escape. Despite being apprehended and ultimately sentenced to time in Stronghold Penitentiary, Octopus was able to remain at large and continue his plan. Octopus created a device using the stolen electronic mechanisms and used this invention to summon the recently resurrected CyberFace to him.

CyberFace became a mindless pawn of Octopus and was entombed below the city of Chicago to prevent his discovery by the police that very much wanted him back to testify against OverLord. Octopus was forced to abduct Officer Howard Niseman which led Dragon down into the sewers. He apprehended both the disorientated CyberFace and the enraged Octopus.

Octopus remained in prison until the Martian invasion decimated much of Chicago and allowed CyberFace to assert control. The police tried to get Octopus to help them bring down CyberFace but he escaped and gathered up the remains of his former pawn when his unstable body blew up. Octopus took this disembodied head and attached it to the body of BrainiApe.

CyberFace and Octopus were soon joined by PowerHouse and then Baby Boom and OpenFace in building up a rebellion against the rule of Horde over the Vicious Circle. This attempt left both Horde and CyberFace dead, leaving PowerHouse, BrainiApe and OverLord II battling for sole leadership. PowerHouse ultimately won out and installed Octopus as one of his inner circle.

OpenFace and Octopus aided the miniaturised Dataman in analysing and reversing a shrinking gun for the smaller Vicious Circle members so that the criminal organisation could return to full capacity. OpenFace was later reverted to a normal human when the second Nega-Bomb detonated. He and the rest of the Vicious Circle were left without purpose and were forced to restart their lives... until Universo consumed the entire planet.

**SAVAGE WORLD**

In this reality, Octopus was among the thirty or so Vicious Circle members that refused to pledge loyalty to CyberFace when he killed OverLord. Unfortunately, their exile to the devastated Chicago left these outcasts losing members until around half their number had fallen. Octopus managed to remain alive and was present when this group's fortunes begun to change.

The leader of this faction was HellRazor who was talked into an alliance with Dragon by his colleague Neutron Bob. These Vicious Circle thugs were part of a rebellion mounted against CyberFace's primary headquarters in the White House. Octopus came through such a dangerous conflict alive but was apprehended by the newly formed Liberty League before he could escape.

A massive breakout at Stronghold Penitentiary later occurred and Octopus was able to return to work with the Vicious Circle. The organisation was being restructured by SkullFace, using the older members as cannon fodder to eliminate Dragon. Octopus and OpenFace created a massive android that was deployed against their target but when it was destroyed, the pair was assumed to have been killed, but this was actually all a ruse. They had in fact created holographic illusions of themselves that they knew would be destroyed so that they could continue their research unmolested.

Octopus and OpenFace remained hidden for years and combined their efforts to draw the OverLord armour down from space where it was found by the Chicago Police Department. They activated the suit's most powerful photon blast to exterminate all of the officers present. Unfortunately, their plan to control the OverLord armour and conquer the Vicious Circle fell through when it was taken from them by an unknown figure. The duo fell in line behind the new OverLord and worked as his chief scientists, creating a way to employ Dragon's blood to restore older Vicious Circle members to their former glory, albeit with a Dragon-ised appearance.

**SAVAGE DRAGON ANIMATED SERIES**

Octopus appeared as a recurring villain in the Savage Dragon Animated series, and was voiced by Rob Paulsen.

### Openface

Openface is a fictional scientist and secondary antagonist in Erik Larsen's Savage Dragon comic book series. He is a short, noseless man with olive skin whose head splits vertically to reveal a large Venus Fly Trap like second mouth with a large tongue. he was the main villain of Savage Dragon issue #12.

Openface was first seen stealing from a laboratory when the Dragon and new heroes Justice and She-Dragon interrupt them. Unable to free his head from Openface's second mouth, Dragon ripped out the villains tongue with his teeth, it was later stitched back on.

Having escaped during the prison break organised by Cyberface and, following his old partner's escape from prison 11 issues later, teamed up with Octopus to take control of the Vicious Circle criminal organisation. Once their plan failed, Openface was not seen again.

The Savage Dragon series was originally set on another Earth to the one it is now. On this new earth Openface took part in an attempted coup to liberate the world from Cyberface, who had become a dictator.

## Sources

* *Savage Dragon* issues 1, 10, 12, 38, 50, 58, Image Comics.

## InfoBox

| Vicious Circle | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Image Comics |
| First appearance | *The Savage Dragon* #1 (July 1992) |
| Created by | Erik Larsen |
| In-story information | |
| Type of organization | Criminal organization |
| Base(s) | Mobile throughout Chicago |
| Leader(s) | Overlord, BrainiApe, Cyberface, Horde, Buster Justice,Allison Summers |
| Agent(s) | Abner Cadaver, Skullface, Basher, Powerhouse, Mako, Open Face, Octopus, Bud Ugly, Roughneck, Undermind, Download, Fever, Cutthroat, Hellrazor, Moregore, Imposter, Brute, Megatech, Vein, Chaos & Control, Bug-Lady, Volcanic, Animal, Dataman, Raw Dog, Deathmask, Negate, Furious George, Raging Woody, Inferno, Bodycount, Gateway, Washout, Glowbug, Weed, Carcass, Assassin, Soundstorm, Heavy Flo, Bad Axe, Strongarm, Toastmaster, Vandal, Hazard, Hardware, Wreckage, Killzone, Lowblow, Mace, Dung, Shard, Roadblock, Doubleheader, Brain-O, Evil Eye, Neutron Bob, Brawn, Bloop, Wildhair, Mindwarp, Bludgeon, Super-X, Lightning Bug, FirePower, Human Sparkler, Samurai, Nuke Rage, Squid, Arachnid, Sub-Human, Fade, Ultimatum, Rushmore, Cesspool, Joey Finkleberry, Flap Trap, Bagman, Major Disaster, Rock Woman, Hive, Absorbing Junior, Quill, Tech, Bug, Double-Page, Belcher, Nasal Ned, Slab, Backfire, Inhabitor, Critical Mass, Johnny Nitro |


title: Whitton (EP)

abstract: Whitton EP is an EP which was released by independent American singer-songwriter Whitton in 2010 in the United States. Tracks from this EP have been used in various feature films, television programs and commercials. The song "Apple Tree" was prominently placed in the 2010 film The 5th Quarter starring Andie MacDowell and Aidan Quinn. In 2012, "I Fell in Love" was used in a national Valentine's commercial as part of the Crazy, Cupid, Love promotional campaign for The CW's teen television series Gossip Girl. The same track is used by Swedish home shopping and e-commerce company Ellos, as well as by Delta Air Lines' in-flight entertainment, Munchkin Inc., a designer and manufacturer of infant and toddler products, and placement in MTV's reality-based, docudrama television series Catfish: The TV Show.

text:
# Whitton (EP)

***Whitton EP*** is an EP which was released by independent American singer-songwriter Whitton in 2010 in the United States.

Tracks from this EP have been used in various feature films, television programs and commercials. The song "Apple Tree" was prominently placed in the 2010 film *The 5th Quarter* starring Andie MacDowell and Aidan Quinn. In 2012, "I Fell in Love" was used in a national Valentine's commercial as part of the *Crazy, Cupid, Love* promotional campaign for The CW's teen television series Gossip Girl. The same track is used by Swedish home shopping and e-commerce company Ellos, as well as by Delta Air Lines' in-flight entertainment, Munchkin Inc., a designer and manufacturer of infant and toddler products, and placement in MTV's reality-based, docudrama television series Catfish: The TV Show.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "I Fell in Love" | 2:07 |
| 2. | "Shy" | 3:45 |
| 3. | "'Til The End" | 3:07 |
| 4. | "Apple Tree" | 2:40 |
| 5. | "All I Want to Do" | 3:31 |

## InfoBox

| Whitton EP | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Whitton | |
| Released | March 30, 2010 |
| Recorded | Los Angeles, CA |
| Genre | Acoustic, Pop |
| Length | 15 Minutes |
| Label | Independent |
| Whitton chronology | |
| ***Whitton EP***
(2010) *Rare Bird*
(2011) | |


title: Turbonilla menoui

abstract: Turbonilla menoui is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

text:
# Turbonilla menoui

***Turbonilla menoui*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies.

## Description

The shell grows to a length of 4.4 mm.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Pacific Ocean from the Solomon Islands,

## InfoBox

| *Turbonilla menoui* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Family: | Pyramidellidae |
| Genus: | *Turbonilla* |
| Species: | ***T. menoui*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Turbonilla menoui***<br>Peñas & Rolán, 2010 | |
|


abstract: Following the first round of the 2024 French legislative election on 30 June 2024, runoff elections in each constituency where no candidate received a vote share greater than 50 percent were scheduled for 7 July. Candidates permitted to stand in the runoff elections needed to either come in first or second place in the first round or achieve more than 12.5 percent of the votes of the entire electorate.

text:
# Results of the 2024 French legislative election in Seine-Saint-Denis

Following the first round of the 2024 French legislative election on 30 June 2024, runoff elections in each constituency where no candidate received a vote share greater than 50 percent were scheduled for 7 July. Candidates permitted to stand in the runoff elections needed to either come in first or second place in the first round or achieve more than 12.5 percent of the votes of the entire electorate (as opposed to 12.5 percent of the vote share due to low turnout).

## Seine-Saint-Denis

### 1st constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Éric Coquerel | New Popular Front |  | La France Insoumise | 27,298 | 65.28 |
|  | Jean-Pierre Monfils | Ensemble |  | Renaissance | 6,185 | 14.79 |
|  | Julien Grazioli | National Rally | | | 4,803 | 11.49 |
|  | François Peguillet | The Republicans | | | 1,208 | 2.89 |
|  | Gersende Le Maire | Ecologists |  | Independent | 878 | 2.10 |
|  | Nabil Bouard | Miscellaneous right |  | Independent | 618 | 1.48 |
|  | Alain Aubryd | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 543 | 1.30 |
|  | Paul Uhalde | Far-left |  | Miscellaneous left | 204 | 0.49 |
|  | Emmanuel Bilongo Mambweni | Independent | | | 62 | 0.15 |
|  | Gaëll Falisz | Far-left |  | Independent | 18 | 0.04 |
| Total | | | | | 41,817 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 41,817 | 98.18 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 290 | 0.68 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 484 | 1.14 |
| Total votes | | | | | 42,591 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 69,916 | 60.92 |
| Source: | | | | | | |

### 2nd constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Stéphane Peu | New Popular Front |  | Communist Party | 22,055 | 71.80 |
|  | Luc Colomas | National Rally | | | 3,628 | 11.81 |
|  | Samantha Uk | Ensemble |  | Democratic Movement | 2,282 | 7.43 |
|  | Agnès Renaud | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 1,128 | 3.67 |
|  | Louis-Auxile Maillard | The Republicans | | | 798 | 2.60 |
|  | Anasse Kazib | Far-left |  | Independent | 491 | 1.60 |
|  | Maki Théa Marquand | Ecologists |  | Independent | 334 | 1.09 |
| Total | | | | | 30,716 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 30,716 | 97.74 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 257 | 0.82 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 453 | 1.44 |
| Total votes | | | | | 31,426 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 56,882 | 55.25 |
| Source: | | | | | | |

### 3rd constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | First round | | Second round | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes | | % | Votes | % |
|  | Thomas Portes | New Popular Front |  | La France Insoumise | 20,648 | 41.68 | 30,688 | 69.71 |
|  | Denis Cretin-Gielly | National Rally | | | 10,539 | 21.28 | 13,335 | 30.29 |
|  | Eric Allemon | Miscellaneous right |  | Union of Democrats and Independents | 5,681 | 11.47 |  | |
|  | Patrice Anato | Miscellaneous centre |  | Centrist Alliance | 5,521 | 11.15 |  | |
|  | Stéphanie Richard | Miscellaneous centre |  | Independent | 2,710 | 5.47 |  | |
|  | Djénéba Diaby | Miscellaneous centre |  | Independent | 2,452 | 4.95 |  | |
|  | Maxence Buttey | Miscellaneous right |  | Independent | 1,146 | 2.31 |  | |
|  | Maëlle Gaucherand | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 451 | 0.91 |  | |
|  | Sarah Astrid Dacko | Independent | | | 388 | 0.78 |  | |
|  | Gaspard Nicolle | Far-left |  | Independent | 1 | 0.00 |  | |
| Total | | | | | 49,537 | 100.00 | 44,023 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 49,537 | 97.69 | 44,023 | 89.65 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 386 | 0.76 | 1,018 | 2.07 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 785 | 1.55 | 4,063 | 8.27 |
| Total votes | | | | | 50,708 | 100.00 | 49,104 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 77,478 | 65.45 | 77,502 | 63.36 |
| Source: | | | | | | | | |

### 4th constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | First round | | Second round | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes | | % | Votes | % |
|  | Soumya Bourouaha | New Popular Front |  | Communist Party | 15,760 | 44.52 | 19,486 | 69.98 |
|  | Mohamed Awad | La France Insoumise | | | 8,462 | 23.90 | 8,361 | 30.02 |
|  | Colette Lévêque | National Rally | | | 5,839 | 16.49 |  | |
|  | Hamza Rabehi | Ensemble |  | Renaissance | 2,429 | 6.86 |  | |
|  | Micaël Vaz | The Republicans | | | 1,982 | 5.60 |  | |
|  | Marlène Ley | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 344 | 0.97 |  | |
|  | Amirdine Farouk | Independent | | | 335 | 0.95 |  | |
|  | Sonia Attig | Miscellaneous left |  | Independent | 105 | 0.30 |  | |
|  | Omar Mirali | Independent | | | 102 | 0.29 |  | |
|  | Matthieu Belin | Far-left |  | Independent | 25 | 0.07 |  | |
|  | Virginie Pottier | Miscellaneous right |  | Independent | 16 | 0.05 |  | |
| Total | | | | | 35,399 | 100.00 | 27,847 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 35,399 | 96.98 | 27,847 | 87.60 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 291 | 0.80 | 713 | 2.24 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 811 | 2.22 | 3,227 | 10.15 |
| Total votes | | | | | 36,501 | 100.00 | 31,787 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 67,437 | 54.13 | 67,468 | 47.11 |
| Source: | | | | | | | | |

### 5th constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | First round | | Second round | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes | | % | Votes | % |
|  | Aly Diouara | New Popular Front |  | La Seine Saint-Denis au Cœur ! | 12,141 | 33.10 | 20,511 | 60.55 |
|  | Aude Lagarde | Ensemble |  | Union of Democrats and Independents | 9,006 | 24.56 | 13,362 | 39.45 |
|  | Raquel Garrido | Miscellaneous left |  | La France Insoumise | 8,672 | 23.65 |  | |
|  | Eric Kozelko | National Rally | | | 6,382 | 17.40 |  | |
|  | Rodolphe Feger | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 359 | 0.98 |  | |
|  | Markeins Pierre | Miscellaneous left |  | Independent | 115 | 0.31 |  | |
|  | Tatiana Boutignon | Independent | | | 0 | 0.00 |  | |
|  | Hélène Ballouhey | Far-left |  | Independent | 0 | 0.00 |  | |
| Total | | | | | 36,675 | 100.00 | 33,873 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 36,675 | 97.44 | 33,873 | 94.47 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 369 | 0.98 | 605 | 1.69 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 596 | 1.58 | 1,378 | 3.84 |
| Total votes | | | | | 37,640 | 100.00 | 35,856 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 65,908 | 57.11 | 65,938 | 54.38 |
| Source: | | | | | | | | |

### 6th constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Bastien Lachaud | New Popular Front |  | La France Insoumise | 25,777 | 71.68 |
|  | Nathalie Sack | Ensemble |  | Union of Democrats and Independents | 5,014 | 13.94 |
|  | Nacéra Salhaoui | National Rally | | | 4,175 | 11.61 |
|  | Nathalie Arthaud | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 996 | 2.77 |
| Total | | | | | 35,962 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 35,962 | 97.89 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 257 | 0.70 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 518 | 1.41 |
| Total votes | | | | | 36,737 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 60,823 | 60.40 |
| Source: | | | | | | |

### 7th constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | First round | | Second round | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes | | % | Votes | % |
|  | Alexis Corbière | Miscellaneous left |  | La France Insoumise | 21,802 | 40.19 | 25,033 | 57.16 |
|  | Sabrina Ali-Benali | New Popular Front |  | La France Insoumise | 19,740 | 36.39 | 18,759 | 42.84 |
|  | Pauline Breteau | Ensemble |  | Horizons | 5,458 | 10.06 |  | |
|  | Françoise Trova | National Rally | | | 5,254 | 9.68 |  | |
|  | Antoine Toche | Miscellaneous right |  | Independent | 713 | 1.31 |  | |
|  | Eric Verhaeghe | Miscellaneous centre |  | Independent | 518 | 0.95 |  | |
|  | Aurélie Jochaud | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 344 | 0.63 |  | |
|  | Yannick Duterte | Far-left |  | Independent | 180 | 0.33 |  | |
|  | Elsa Caudron | Far-left |  | Independent | 165 | 0.30 |  | |
|  | Sébastien Atlani | Independent | | | 78 | 0.14 |  | |
| Total | | | | | 54,252 | 100.00 | 43,792 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 54,252 | 98.03 | 43,792 | 91.75 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 267 | 0.48 | 664 | 1.39 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 824 | 1.49 | 3,273 | 6.86 |
| Total votes | | | | | 55,343 | 100.00 | 47,729 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 83,457 | 66.31 | 83,486 | 57.17 |
| Source: | | | | | | | | |

### 8th constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | First round | | Second round | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes | | % | Votes | % |
|  | Fatiha Keloua Hachi | New Popular Front |  | Socialist Party | 19,193 | 49.30 | 24,476 | 68.41 |
|  | Sébastien Jolivet | National Rally | | | 9,291 | 23.86 | 11,301 | 31.59 |
|  | Didier Fort | Miscellaneous right |  | Independent | 5,350 | 13.74 |  | |
|  | Franck Yonboue | The Republicans | | | 3,844 | 9.87 |  | |
|  | Sylvio Valente | Reconquête | | | 634 | 1.63 |  | |
|  | Grégory Tobeilem | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 509 | 1.31 |  | |
|  | Ntela Bardai | Far-right |  | Independent | 86 | 0.22 |  | |
|  | Hélène Dupuy | Far-left |  | Independent | 27 | 0.07 |  | |
| Total | | | | | 38,934 | 100.00 | 35,777 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 38,934 | 97.07 | 35,777 | 92.22 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 201 | 0.50 | 377 | 0.97 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 973 | 2.43 | 2,643 | 6.81 |
| Total votes | | | | | 40,108 | 100.00 | 38,797 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 62,716 | 63.95 | 62,734 | 61.84 |
| Source: | | | | | | | | |

### 9th constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Aurélie Trouvé | New Popular Front |  | La France Insoumise | 29,935 | 63.19 |
|  | Clara Bourassin | National Rally | | | 7,156 | 15.11 |
|  | Manon Chaumette | Ensemble |  | Democratic Movement | 7,119 | 15.03 |
|  | Robenson Pierre | The Republicans | | | 2,073 | 4.38 |
|  | Jean-Paul Burot | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 681 | 1.44 |
|  | Christel Keiser | Far-left |  | Independent | 407 | 0.86 |
| Total | | | | | 47,371 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 47,371 | 97.90 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 319 | 0.66 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 696 | 1.44 |
| Total votes | | | | | 48,386 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 76,227 | 63.48 |
| Source: | | | | | | |

### 10th constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Nadège Abomangoli | New Popular Front |  | La France Insoumise | 21,282 | 52.60 |
|  | Monique Trova | National Rally | | | 7,409 | 18.31 |
|  | Alain Ramadier | The Republicans | | | 7,129 | 17.62 |
|  | Martial Meyongo Amougou | Ensemble |  | Miscellaneous centre | 3,321 | 8.21 |
|  | Gaëtan Minardi | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 563 | 1.39 |
|  | Praince Germain Loubota | Reconquête | | | 381 | 0.94 |
|  | Ahmed El Ouafi | Independent | | | 291 | 0.72 |
|  | Amèle Bentahar | Independent | | | 84 | 0.21 |
| Total | | | | | 40,460 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 40,460 | 97.79 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 272 | 0.66 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 643 | 1.55 |
| Total votes | | | | | 41,375 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 67,983 | 60.86 |
| Source: | | | | | | |

### 11th constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Clémentine Autain | New Popular Front |  | La France Insoumise | 22,209 | 62.65 |
|  | Renée Joly | National Rally | | | 6,694 | 18.88 |
|  | Fayza Basini | Ensemble |  | Miscellaneous centre | 3,702 | 10.44 |
|  | Max Maran | The Republicans | | | 1,658 | 4.68 |
|  | Kahina Näit-Kaci | Miscellaneous right |  | Union of Democrats and Independents | 801 | 2.26 |
|  | Charlotte Séchet | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 388 | 1.09 |
|  | Lucien Belzane | Far-left |  | Independent | 0 | 0.00 |
| Total | | | | | 35,452 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 35,452 | 97.59 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 306 | 0.84 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 570 | 1.57 |
| Total votes | | | | | 36,328 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 64,671 | 56.17 |
| Source: | | | | | | |

### 12th constituency

| Candidate | | Party or alliance | | | First round | | Second round | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Votes | | % | Votes | % |
|  | Jérôme Legavre | New Popular Front |  | Independent Workers' Party | 17,566 | 45.11 | 22,974 | 64.59 |
|  | Jean-François Perier | National Rally | | | 10,140 | 26.04 | 12,596 | 35.41 |
|  | Xavier Lemoine | Miscellaneous right |  | Independent | 5,016 | 12.88 |  | |
|  | Virginie Roitman | Ensemble |  | Horizons | 4,893 | 12.57 |  | |
|  | Francis Dijos | Reconquête | | | 546 | 1.40 |  | |
|  | Amal Aissaoui | Far-left |  | Lutte Ouvrière | 503 | 1.29 |  | |
|  | Dominique Vincenot | Far-left |  | Independent | 273 | 0.70 |  | |
|  | Serjan Kirma | Independent | | | 0 | 0.00 |  | |
|  | Didier Martinot | Far-left |  | Independent | 0 | 0.00 |  | |
| Total | | | | | 38,937 | 100.00 | 35,570 | 100.00 |
|  | | | | | | | | |
| Valid votes | | | | | 38,937 | 97.72 | 35,570 | 91.64 |
| Invalid votes | | | | | 260 | 0.65 | 648 | 1.67 |
| Blank votes | | | | | 650 | 1.63 | 2,596 | 6.69 |
| Total votes | | | | | 39,847 | 100.00 | 38,814 | 100.00 |
| Registered voters/turnout | | | | | 66,375 | 60.03 | 66,403 | 58.45 |
| Source: | | | | | | | | |

1. "1ère circonscription (9301) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
2. "2ème circonscription (9302) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
3. "3ème circonscription (9303) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
4. "4ème circonscription (9304) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
5. "5ème circonscription (9305) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
6. "6ème circonscription (9306) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
7. "7ème circonscription (9307) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
8. "8ème circonscription (9308) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
9. "9ème circonscription (9309) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
10. "10ème circonscription (9310) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
11. "11ème circonscription (9311) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".
12. "12ème circonscription (9312) - Elections Législatives 2024 - Publication des résultats des élections en France".


title: Onychostoma simum

abstract: Onychostoma simum is a species of cyprinid in the genus Onychostoma. It inhabits China and Vietnam. It has a maximum length of 34.5 centimetres (13.6 in) and a common length of 24.0 centimetres (9.4 in).

text:
# Onychostoma simum

***Onychostoma simum*** is a species of cyprinid in the genus *Onychostoma*. It inhabits China and Vietnam. It has a maximum length of 34.5 centimetres (13.6 in) and a common length of 24.0 centimetres (9.4 in).

## InfoBox

| *Onychostoma simum* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Data Deficient  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cypriniformes |
| Family: | Cyprinidae |
| Genus: | *Onychostoma* |
| Species: | ***O. simum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Onychostoma simum***
(Sauvage, Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Barbus simus* Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874 * *Varicorhinus simus* (Sauvage & Dabry de Thiersant, 1874) | |


title: OpenFX (software)

abstract: OpenFX is an open-source, free modeling and animation studio, distributed under the GNU General Public License, created by Dr. Stuart Ferguson. He made the decision to release the source code to the public in the middle of 1999 and released a stable version a year and a half later. The product, formerly named SoftF/X, was renamed to OpenFX. The OpenFX featureset includes a full renderer and raytracing engine, NURBS support, kinematics-based animation, morphing, and an extensive plugin API. Plugin capabilities include image post processor effects such as lens flare, fog and depth of field. Animation effects such as explosions, waves and dissolves add to the flexibility of the program. Version 2.0 also features support for modern graphics cards with hardware GPU acceleration. OpenFX supports the Win32 platform, including Windows 2000, XP, Vista, 7 and 8. It can run under Unix-based platforms by using the Wine compatibility layer.

text:
# OpenFX (software)

**OpenFX** is an open-source, free modeling and animation studio, distributed under the GNU General Public License, created by Dr. Stuart Ferguson. He made the decision to release the source code to the public in the middle of 1999 and released a stable version a year and a half later. The product, formerly named SoftF/X, was renamed to OpenFX.

The OpenFX featureset includes a full renderer and raytracing engine, NURBS support, kinematics-based animation, morphing, and an extensive plugin API. Plugin capabilities include image post processor effects such as lens flare, fog and depth of field. Animation effects such as explosions, waves and dissolves add to the flexibility of the program. Version 2.0 also features support for modern graphics cards with hardware GPU acceleration.

OpenFX supports the Win32 platform, including Windows 2000, XP, Vista,  and . It can run under Unix-based platforms by using the Wine compatibility layer.

## Release history

| Version | Release Date | Changes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Beta | January 15, 2001 | First Public Beta |
| 1.0 | February 9, 2001 | Initial Release |
| 1.1 | July 22, 2004 | Stereo hardware support
Stand Alone Model Viewer (OFXVIEW.EXE)
A Stereo Movie Viewer (GGPLAY.EXE)
A fullscreen .flc and .avi player (DDPLAY.EXE) |
| 1.5 | September 22, 2005 | Better Wave Simulation Plugin
Cubic Environment Support
Removed vertex cap
Bug fixes |
| 1.7 | November 3, 2006 | Fixed anti-aliasing problems |
| 2.0 | September 15, 2007 | Hardware rendering support |
| 2.1 | October 4, 2010 | New features in the designer module and a revised more efficient ray-tracer module |
| 2.2 | June 4, 2012 | New Bones and Weights systems for character animation and an improved mapping coordinate painting system. There are also additional imaging effects. |
| 2.3 | October 12, 2012 | OpenF/X is compatible with Windows 8 |
| 2.4 | October 24, 2013 | The main change is the ability to render stereoscopic images and movies. The Renderer control dialog contains a new tick box to render stereo ouptut to either JPS or Left over Right AVI files. The Camera settings in the Animator specifies the eye separation and the parallax depth.
Major bug fix in the animator to the Robot Editor windows that caused a crash if the tool was started twice by an accelerator key. |
|

Plug-in Video software, such as GenArts Sapphire or REVison Effects which adds a wider variety of effects to a host application.

## InfoBox

OpenFX
|
|  |
| Original author(s) | Dr. Stuart Ferguson |
| Initial release | January 15, 2001 (2001-01-15) |
|  | |
| Stable release | 2.4 / July 25, 2021 (2021-07-25) |
|  | |
| Written in |  |
| Operating system | Windows |
| License | GNU General Public License |
| Website | www.openfx.org |


title: OpenFabrics Alliance

abstract: The OpenFabrics Alliance is a non-profit organization that promotes remote direct memory access (RDMA) switched fabric technologies for server and storage connectivity. These high-speed data-transport technologies are used in high-performance computing facilities, in research and various industries. The OpenFabrics Alliance aims to develop open-source software that supports the three major RDMA fabric technologies: InfiniBand, RDMA over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) and iWARP. The software includes two packages, one that runs on Linux and FreeBSD and one that runs on Microsoft Windows. The alliance worked with two large Linux distributors—SUSE and Red Hat—as well as Microsoft on compatibility with their operating systems.

text:
# OpenFabrics Alliance

The **OpenFabrics Alliance** is a non-profit organization that promotes remote direct memory access (RDMA) switched fabric technologies for server and storage connectivity. These high-speed data-transport technologies are used in high-performance computing facilities, in research and various industries.

The OpenFabrics Alliance aims to develop open-source software that supports the three major RDMA fabric technologies: InfiniBand, RDMA over Converged Ethernet (RoCE) and iWARP. The software includes two packages, one that runs on Linux and FreeBSD and one that runs on Microsoft Windows. The alliance worked with two large Linux distributors—SUSE and Red Hat—as well as Microsoft on compatibility with their operating systems.

## History

Founded in June 2004 as the OpenIB Alliance, the organization originally developed an InfiniBand software stack for Linux. Initial funding for the Alliance was provided by the United States Department of Energy. The alliance released the first version of the OpenFabrics Enterprise Distribution (OFED) in 2005.

In 2005 the OpenIB Alliance announced support for Microsoft Windows. In 2006, the organization again expanded its charter to include support for iWARP, which is a transport technology that competes with InfiniBand. At that time the alliance changed its name to the OpenFabrics Alliance. Subsequent releases have added support for iWARP and Windows.

In 2011, OFED stack was ported to FreeBSD and included in FreeBSD 9.

## OpenFabrics Enterprise Distribution

A community of developers from hardware manufacturers, software vendors, system integrators, government agencies and academia continue to work on OFED. The OpenFabrics Alliance provides architectures, software repositories, interoperability tests, bug databases, workshops, and BSD- and GPL-licensed code to facilitate development.

The OFED stack includes software drivers, core kernel-code, middleware, and user-level interfaces. It offers a range of standard protocols, including IPoIB (IP over InfiniBand), SDP, SRP, iSER, RDS and DAPL (the Direct Access Programming Library). It also supports many other protocols, including various MPI implementations, and it supports many file systems, including Lustre and NFS over RDMA.

## Interoperability testing

On June 25, 2007, the OpenFabrics Alliance announced the OFA-UNH-IOL Logo Program in partnership with the University of New Hampshire InterOperability Laboratory. The program enables manufacturers of InfiniBand and iWARP products to test and certify that their products support the OpenFabrics software stack, and test their compatibility with other products.

The alliance sponsors interoperability events at the University of New Hampshire. The test scenarios are available to the public, as are the test results for all products that earn the logo. During interoperability events, all participating companies have the opportunity to observe all tests run on all products.

## Members

Corporate members of the OpenFabrics Alliance include Advanced Micro Devices, Appro, Broadcom, Cray Inc., Chelsio Communications, Cisco Systems, DataDirect Networks, Emulex, Flextronics, Hewlett Packard, Huawei, IBM, Intel, LSI Corporation, Mellanox Technologies, NetEffect, Neterion, NetApp, NetXen, Oracle Corporation, QLogic, RapidIO, Red Hat, Silicon Graphics, SuSE and System Fabric Works.

Research members include:

Consulting members include the Ethernet Alliance, the InfiniBand Trade Association, Lamprey Networks, Ohio State University, and the University of New Hampshire InterOperability Laboratory. In 2007, Credit Suisse became the first financial-services firm to join the alliance.

## InfoBox

OpenFabrics Alliance
|
|  |
| Formation | June 2004 |
| Type | Non-profit organization |
| Purpose | Industry trade group |
| Website | http://www.openfabrics.org/ |


title: Optical interleaver

abstract: An optical interleaver is a 3-port passive fiber-optic device that is used to combine (Mux) two sets of dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) channels into a composite signal stream in an interleaving way. For example, optical interleaver takes two multiplexed signals with 100 GHz spacing and interleaves them, creating a denser DWDM signal with channels spaced 50 GHz apart. The process can be repeated, creating even denser composite signals with 25 GHz or 12.5 GHz spacing. The device can be used in a reverse direction, forming an optical deinterleaver that separates a denser DWDM signal into odd channels and even channels. See schematic diagram. For example, in most DWDM equipment, the standard channel spacing is 100 GHz. But spacing the signal-carrying frequencies every 50 or even 25 GHz can double or even quadruple the number of channels per fiber. Thus, optical interleaver can expand the number of channels per fiber, and devices and/or networks can be upgraded without requiring that all devices be upgraded. Optical interleaver is based on multiple-beam interference. Currently, there are two approaches to building optical interleaver: 1) Step-phase Michelson interferometer, and 2) Birefringent crystal networks. The former is based on Michelson interferometer combined with Gires-Tournois interferometer.

text:
# Optical interleaver

An **optical interleaver** is a 3-port passive fiber-optic device that is used to combine (Mux) two sets of dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) channels (*odd* and *even* channels) into a composite signal stream in an interleaving way. For example, optical interleaver takes two multiplexed signals with 100 GHz spacing and interleaves them, creating a denser DWDM signal with channels spaced 50 GHz apart. The process can be repeated, creating even denser composite signals with 25 GHz or 12.5 GHz spacing.

The device can be used in a reverse direction, forming an **optical deinterleaver** that separates a *denser* DWDM signal into *odd* channels and *even* channels. See schematic diagram.

For example, in most DWDM equipment, the standard channel spacing is 100 GHz. But spacing the signal-carrying frequencies every 50 or even 25 GHz can double or even quadruple the number of channels per fiber. Thus, optical interleaver can expand the number of channels per fiber, and devices and/or networks can be upgraded without requiring that all devices be upgraded.

Optical interleaver is based on multiple-beam interference. Currently, there are two approaches to building optical interleaver: 1) Step-phase Michelson interferometer, and 2) Birefringent crystal networks. The former is based on Michelson interferometer combined with Gires-Tournois interferometer.


title: Orahovica Donja

abstract: Orahovica is a village in the municipality of Gračanica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

text:
# Orahovica Donja

**Orahovica** is a village in the municipality of Gračanica, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 3,966.

Ethnicity in 2013
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bosniaks | 3,893 | 98.2% |
| Croats | 5 | 0.1% |
| Serbs | 2 | 0.1% |
| other/undeclared | 66 | 1.7% |
| **Total** | **3,966** | **100%** |

## InfoBox

| Orahovica Donja | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Orahovica Donja | |
| Coordinates: 44°39′N 18°22′E / 44.650°N 18.367°E / 44.650; 18.367 | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Entity | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Canton | Tuzla |
| Municipality | Gračanica |
| Area | |
| Total | 5.80 sq mi (15.01 km2) |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 3,966 |
| Density | 680/sq mi (260/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Orahovice (Goražde)

abstract: Orahovice is a village in the municipality of Goražde, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

text:
# Orahovice (Goražde)

**Orahovice** is a village in the municipality of Goražde, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 24, all Bosniaks.

## InfoBox

| Orahovice | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Orahovice | |
| Coordinates: 43°42′34″N 18°44′31″E / 43.70944°N 18.74194°E / 43.70944; 18.74194 | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Entity | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Canton | Bosnian-Podrinje Goražde |
| Municipality | Goražde |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.53 sq mi (3.96 km2) |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 24 |
| Density | 16/sq mi (6.1/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Operation Burnt Frost

abstract: Operation Burnt Frost was a military operation to intercept and destroy non-functioning U.S. National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) satellite USA-193. The mission was described by the Missile Defense Agency as a "mission of safeguarding human life against the uncontrolled re-entry of a 5,000-pound satellite containing over 1,000 pounds of hazardous hydrazine propellant". The launch occurred on 21 February 2008 at approximately 10:26 p.m. EST from the cruiser USS Lake Erie, using a heavily modified Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) to shoot down the satellite. A few minutes after launch, the SM-3 intercepted its target and successfully completed its mission. The operation received scrutiny from other countries, mainly China and Russia.

text:
# Operation Burnt Frost

**Operation Burnt Frost** was a military operation to intercept and destroy non-functioning U.S. National Reconnaissance Office (NRO) satellite USA-193. The mission was described by the Missile Defense Agency as a "mission of safeguarding human life against the uncontrolled re-entry of a 5,000-pound satellite containing over 1,000 pounds of hazardous hydrazine propellant". The launch occurred on 21 February 2008 at approximately 10:26 p.m. EST from the cruiser USS *Lake Erie*, using a heavily modified Standard Missile-3 (SM-3) to shoot down the satellite. A few minutes after launch, the SM-3 intercepted its target and successfully completed its mission. The operation received scrutiny from other countries, mainly China and Russia.

## NRO satellite

USA-193, also known as NRO launch 21 (NROL-21 or simply L-21), was an American military reconnaissance satellite launched on December 14, 2006. The USA-193 was owned by the NRO and its precise function and purpose are classified. Several websites speculate that the satellite was probably a high-resolution radar satellite intended to produce images for the NRO. This argument is additionally supported by the fact that the satellite used a similar inclination to that of a Lacrosse Radar Satellite. Lacrosse is a terrestrial radar imaging reconnaissance satellite operated by the NRO. It utilizes a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) to acquire high resolution images regardless of cloud cover.

The satellite was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base at 1 p.m. PST aboard the Delta II space launch system. This marked the first launch conducted by the United Launch Alliance since it assumed the program from Boeing Integrated Defense Systems on December 1, 2006. The successful launch represented a record 49 successful consecutive operational launches for the Defense Department.

While the launch was successful, ground controllers lost control over the USA-193 satellite shortly after it was established on its orbit, and were unable to regain control. The satellite itself posed minimal risk of falling and causing damage. The satellite's hydrazine was claimed to pose environmental risks due to its toxicity though no hydrazine pollution has ever been recorded due to a satellite reentry. In 2008, President George W. Bush determined that the satellite's fuel could potentially cause environmental damage if released, and asked the United States Strategic Command to destroy it.

## Timeline

From inception to the successful interception of the satellite, the timeline spanned only a matter of months.

Discussions around the possibility of destroying USA-193 began as early as December 2007. However, Operation Burnt Frost started on 4 January 2008, when President Bush ordered the military to destroy the satellite.

On 27 January 2008, information about the orbital decay of USA-193 was given to the media. Several of the initial reports projected that the satellite would return to Earth sometime in late February, early March. Additionally, these reports suggested that likely no action would need to be taken as the satellite or any debris would have a small chance of hitting any inhabited area. However, White House National Security Council spokesman Gordon Johndroe, did mention that the U.S. government was monitoring the satellite's decay and that it was examining different options to “mitigate any damage”. Also, four anonymous U.S. Officials did report that the satellite, which never became operational, would have toxic rocket fuel (hydrazine fuel) that could pose a danger if the tank did not explode on re-entry.

On 14 February 2008 General James Cartwright, the Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, made a public announcement that the U.S. intended to shoot down USA-193. In this announcement he laid out several criteria into when, how and why the satellite would be shot down. The major objective was to reduce the risk to space, air and terrestrial platforms. He explained that they would wait for the shuttle to land, so the potential harm to the shuttle would not be a factor. Next they wanted to wait until the satellite was close to re-entry, this would limit the amount of space debris created. Finally, they did not want to let the satellite enter the Earth's atmosphere because of its non-aerodynamic characteristics, which would make it extremely hard to intercept. He suggested that these criteria gave them an eight-day window.

To meet the flexibility of this operation the government established that the U.S. Navy and the Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) would be the best option. It had the ability to be a mobile asset and by utilizing the SM-3 (Standard Missile 3) it would have the ability to reach the necessary altitude. In addition the choice to use Aegis BMD was in large part due to its successful track record, in which 13 of 15 attempts to shoot down ballistic missiles were successful.

General Cartwright stated that if the satellite came down in one piece that nearly one half of the spacecraft would survive re-entry, which would spread the toxic cloud of hydrazine gas roughly over the size of two football fields. This potential risk seemed high enough to prompt the government and military to act as he stated “the regret factor of acting clearly outweighed the regret factor of not acting".

Days prior to the launch the cruiser USS *Lake Erie* (primary) and the destroyer USS *Decatur* (backup) sailed several hundred miles northwest of Hawaii to their rendezvous point. The *Lake Erie* was chosen because she was the U.S. Navy's most experienced ballistic-missile killer. The destroyer USS *Russell* was also a backup but remained in port at Pearl Harbor.

By 19 February 2008, the satellite had decayed down to a 244 km × 261 km orbit, an accelerating drop of approximately 10 km since the previous week.

On 20 February 2008, at 1:00 p.m. EST Secretary of Defense Gates, with consultation of the White House, approved the mission. The launch happened at 10:26 p.m. EST and the collision with the satellite happened a few minutes later.

On 25 February 2008, the Department of Defense announced that based on debris analysis, that the objective of destroying the hydrazine tank and reduction, if not elimination, of the risk to people on Earth was achieved.

That test produced 174 pieces of orbital debris that were cataloged by the U.S. military. While most of the debris re-entered the Earth's atmosphere within a few months, two pieces lasted slightly longer because they were thrown into higher orbits. The final tracked piece of USA-193 debris (COSPAR 2006-057GH, SATCAT 35425) re-entered 20 months later on 28 October 2009.

## Aftermath

Following the operation, China and Russia criticized the U.S. operation. The destruction of USA-193 came just weeks after Russia had drafted a new treaty to ban space weapons which was backed by China at a UN-sponsored forum. This treaty would ban the use of weapons against satellites or other spacecraft. This prompted the Russians to accuse the United States of using the hydrazine gas as a cover-up to test an anti-satellite (ASAT) weapon. They claimed that several countries’ satellites which used toxic fuel have crashed into the Earth in the past but never warranted such “extraordinary measures”. Furthering this notion, others have speculated that the toxic gas would have likely not survived re-entry regardless, and even if it had that the risk would be extremely small. These speculations have led many to believe that Operation Burnt Frost was in response to China's ASAT test on 11 January 2007 and to fear this would begin another "space race".

Unnamed U.S. officials continued to deny that the shooting down of the satellite was in response to China's ASAT test one year prior, or that they were trying to protect classified satellite technology. To promote transparency, the U.S. delegation to the Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space stated that after the operation concluded, the special modifications made to the two remaining missiles and three naval vessels were removed and that the United States "has no plans to adapt any technology from this extraordinary effort for use on any current or planned weapon system." U.S. officials pointed out that the U.S. had no reason to prove that it could shoot down a satellite, as the U.S. had already publicly done so in the 1980s. Another key difference pointed out by General Cartwright was that this intercept happened at a much lower altitude, whereas China's ASAT weapon destroyed a target at a much higher altitude, which resulted in the creation of debris which continues to pose a potential hazard to other spacecraft. Finally, U.S. officials again affirmed that the mission's intent was to preserve human life.

## InfoBox

| Operation Burnt Frost | |
| --- | --- |
| Break up of USA-193 following interception | |
| Objective | Destruction of non-functioning satellite USA-193 |
| Date | 4 January – 21 February 2008 |
| Executed by | USS *Lake Erie* |
| Outcome | Satellite destroyed on 21 February 2008 |


title: Orchestra (album)

abstract: Orchestra is an album by German double bassist and composer Eberhard Weber, recorded between May and August 1988 and released on ECM later that year. The octet features brass section Herbert Joos, Anton Jillich, Rudolf Diebetsberger, Thomas Hauschild, Wolfgang Czelustra, Andreas Richter, Winfried Rapp, Franz Stagl.

text:
# Orchestra (album)

***Orchestra*** is an album by German double bassist and composer Eberhard Weber, recorded between May and August 1988 and released on ECM later that year. The octet features brass section Herbert Joos, Anton Jillich, Rudolf Diebetsberger, Thomas Hauschild, Wolfgang Czelustra, Andreas Richter, Winfried Rapp, Franz Stagl.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* |  |
| *The Virgin Encyclopedia of Jazz* |  |

The AllMusic review by Ron Wynn awarded the album 2 stars, saying, "Glorious sound, little 'pure jazz' content though."

The authors of *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* state, Weber "splits the album between bass soliloquies and counterpoint with a chilly brass section, yet the prettiest piece on the disc is the synthesizer tune 'One Summer's Evening'."

Tyran Grillo, writing for ECM blog *Between Sound and Space*, commented: "*Orchestra* is Weber at his purest. A lovely exposition of his talents, technical and melodic alike. Certainly not the one you'll want to start with, but by no means a shabby place to spend the night before continuing on your journey."

## Track listing

All compositions by Eberhard Weber.

1. "Seven Movements" – 12:20
2. "Broken Silence" – 1:59
3. "Before Dawn" – 5:23
4. "Just a Moment" – 2:35
5. "Air" – 4:16
6. "Ready Out There?" – 5:09
7. "Too Early to Leave" – 3:07
8. "One Summer's Evening" – 4:09
9. "A Daydream" – 3:22
10. "Trio" – 3:58
11. "Epilogue" – 4:01

## Personnel

* Eberhard Weber – bass, percussion, keyboards
* Herbert Joos, Anton Jillich – fluegelhorn
* Rudolf Diebetsberger, Thomas Hauschild – French horn
* Wolfgang Czelustra, Andreas Richter – trombone
* Winfried Rapp – bass trombone
* Franz Stagl – tuba

## InfoBox

| Orchestra | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Eberhard Weber | |
| Released | 1988 |
| Recorded | May–August 1988 |
| Studio | Tonstudio Bauer
Ludwigsburg, W. Germany |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 50:19 |
| Label | ECM
ECM 1374 |
| Producer | Manfred Eicher |
| Eberhard Weber chronology | |
| *Chorus*
(1984) ***Orchestra***
(1988) *Pendulum*
(1993) | |


title: Orchestina setosa

abstract: Orchestina setosa is a spider species found in France and Italy.

text:
# Orchestina setosa

***Orchestina setosa*** is a spider species found in France and Italy.

## InfoBox

| *Orchestina setosa* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Oonopidae |
| Genus: | *Orchestina* |
| Species: | ***O. setosa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Orchestina setosa***<br>Dalmas, 1916 | |
|


title: Optimize (magazine)

abstract: Optimize was an American monthly business magazine published between November 2001 and June 2007.

text:
# Optimize (magazine)

***Optimize*** was an American monthly business magazine published between November 2001 and June 2007.

## History and profile

*Optimize* was established in November 2001. Brian Gillooly was the founder and also, served as the editor-in-chief of the magazine which was headquartered in Manhasset, New York. The magazine was part of CMP Media LLC.

Its peer-based business leadership content for CIOs was incorporated into the pages of *InformationWeek*. *Optimize* was a magazine of which intended reader was a corporate officer; according to BPA International (as cited in "Media Kit 2004" listed in the "References" section), seventy per cent of the readers were chief information officers, chief technology officers, or vice presidents of information systems, while the remaining thirty per cent were "technology-involved" corporate officers.

*Optimize* published its last issue in June 2007.