title: WKEU-FM

abstract: WKEU-FM 88.9 is an FM radio station broadcasting a classic hits format. Its city of license is The Rock, Georgia, United States. The station is owned by Georgia Public Radio, Inc., and also features radio programming from ABC Radio. Having an original airdate in 1999, it is the sister station of WKEU AM 1450, in nearby Griffin, Georgia. The broadcast callsign was previously on 97.5 in Fayetteville, Georgia, also nearby. WKEU-FM is highly unusual in that the vast majority of noncommercial educational stations in the U.S. are either college radio, Christian radio, public radio, or one of a few indie radio stations. In contrast, this station does not appear to be supported by any such group, nor does it engage in any on-air underwriting, pledge drives, or any other fundraising activities, nor any self-promotion of its own programming or of the organization that operates it. It also has almost no talking between songs, and no radio DJs, instead seeming to be run by broadcast automation. Classic rock is also nearly unheard-of on a noncommercial station, instead being more likely on commercial radio, which Atlanta already has one of on full-power WNNX FM.

text:
# WKEU-FM

**WKEU-FM** 88.9 is an FM radio station broadcasting a classic hits format. Its city of license is The Rock, Georgia, United States. The station is owned by Georgia Public Radio, Inc. (no relation to Georgia Public Broadcasting's GPB Radio), and also features radio programming from ABC Radio. Having an original airdate in 1999, it is the sister station of WKEU AM 1450, in nearby Griffin, Georgia. The broadcast callsign was previously on 97.5 in Fayetteville, Georgia, also nearby.

WKEU-FM is highly unusual in that the vast majority of noncommercial educational stations in the U.S. are either college radio, Christian radio, public radio, or one of a few indie radio stations. In contrast, this station does not appear to be supported by any such group, nor does it engage in any on-air underwriting, pledge drives, or any other fundraising activities, nor any self-promotion of its own programming or of the organization that operates it. It also has almost no talking between songs, and no radio DJs, instead seeming to be run by broadcast automation. Classic rock is also nearly unheard-of on a noncommercial station, instead being more likely on commercial radio, which Atlanta already has one of on full-power WNNX FM.

## InfoBox

WKEU-FM
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Broadcast area | far south Atlanta metro |
| Frequency | 88.9 MHz |
| Branding | *The Rock* |
| Programming | |
| Format | Classic hits |
| Affiliations | ABC Radio |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Georgia Public Radio, Inc. |
| Sister stations | WKEU AM 1450 |
| History | |
| First air date | 1999 |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 23908 |
| Class | C2 |
| ERP | 5,000 watts |
| HAAT | 233 m (764 ft) |
| Transmitter coordinates | 32°59′11.00″N 84°21′56.00″W / 32.9863889°N 84.3655556°W / 32.9863889; -84.3655556 |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen Live |
| Website | wkeuradio.com |


title: Pleshey Castle

abstract: Pleshey Castle is a man-made motte and bailey castle in Pleshey in Essex, England. It was built in the 11th century and it is one of the best preserved motte and bailey castles in England.

text:
# Pleshey Castle

**Pleshey Castle** is a man-made motte and bailey castle in Pleshey in Essex, England. It was built in the 11th century and it is one of the best preserved motte and bailey castles in England.

## Construction

Pleshey Castle's earliest documentary reference dates from 1143, but archaeological excavation has shown that the castle was most likely completed between 1096 and 1106. It was a motte and bailey castle, which consisted of a wooden palisade and tower on a high man-made hill (motte) surrounded by two baileys (castle yard or ward) from its inception, and which at some time in the castle's early history was surrounded by a moat. The earthworks of the motte and south bailey are still extant and intact, whilst the outline of the north bailey (levelled in the 13th century and now buried beneath the modern village) can still be seen in the semi-circular street plan of the village.

The motte at Pleshey dates from c.1100, is about 15 metres high, and is one of the largest mottes in England. The medieval earthworks themselves have survived intact due to them having never been rebuilt in stone.

## History

The castle was dismantled in 1158 when Henry II returned the de Mandeville lands to Geoffrey III, but was subsequently rebuilt in 1167 by William II de Mandeville, which was completed following the same plan as before yet including a massively enlarged rampart enclosing the south bailey.

During the civil war that followed King John's rejection of Magna Carta, Pleshey Castle was seized by a detachment of the king's army on Christmas Eve of 1215, then subsequently recaptured by the rebel barons in the winter of 1216/7. On both occasions, it surrendered without a siege. Obsolete and demonstrably indefensible against a major attack, it became the main residence of the de Bohun family in 1227/8.

Archaeological excavation has found: a chapel at the west end of the south bailey; the hall with its adjoining kitchen, pantry and buttery to the east; storehouses ranged around a kitchen yard accessible from the main gate to the north of the hall; a range of large private chambers (or 'revealing chambers' i.e. audience chambers) above a wardrobe and other storerooms to the west of the hall, which dates to 1321–1383 when the castle became part of the Duchy of Lancaster's estate); and a stone-built gatehouse at the south end of the bridge, the upper room of which can be identified as the Queen's chamber in building accounts (occupied by Duchess Eleanor de Bohun of Gloucester). The completion of these buildings has been dated to the late 14th century and are attributed to the de Bohuns and Thomas of Woodstock, 1st Duke of Gloucester.

The keep's great hall has also been located, whilst other ranges are thought to represent 'en suite' accommodation, each with their own fireplace and privy. That next to the high end of the hall would originally have been that of the lord and lady.

By the mid-15th century, the building accounts describe the great hall as the "stranger's hall", suggesting that the keep may have become guest accommodation. This could be because it was replaced in function; evidence of facility duplication exists with late-medieval halls present in both the keep and the south bailey.

The final renovation of the keep was carried out on the orders of Margaret of Anjou in 1458–1459, where the keep is referred to as a "tower" and was mainly built from the timber of at least 29 oaks, finished in flint, and later brick, facades. This renovation was completed by the building of the brick bridge over the moat between 1477–1480.

Pleshey Castle decayed and became derelict by the mid-16th century, with the motte then used as a rabbit warren; the extant bridge only survives as it was recommended by the Duchy of Lancaster's surveyors to be retained to offer access to this warren.

The castle was sold by Queen Elizabeth I in 1559. Most of the masonry was dismantled for building material in 1629, leaving just the motte and other earthworks as they are to be seen today.

* "The History of Pleshey". *www.retreathousepleshey.com*. Chelmsford Diocesan House of Retreat, Pleshey. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
* "PLESHEY CASTLE". The Gatehouse Record. Retrieved 11 June 2020.
* Wickenden, Nick (2015), "Pleshey Castle, Essex" (PDF), *Castle Studies Group Bulletin*, **20**: 16 (news of post-excavation work)
* 1982, *Essex Archaeology and History* Vol. 80 p. 17-22

51°48′14″N 0°24′50″E / 51.804°N 0.4140°E / 51.804; 0.4140


title: Mary Chandler

abstract: Mary Chandler (1687–1745) was an English poet. George Crabb writes that she left several poems, "the most esteemed of which was her Bath."

text:
# Mary Chandler

**Mary Chandler** (1687–1745) was an English poet. George Crabb writes that she left several poems, "the most esteemed of which was her *Bath*."

## Life

Born at Malmesbury, Wiltshire, she was the eldest daughter of Henry Chandler, a dissenting minister, later at Bath, Somerset. Her mother was a Miss Bridgman of Marlborough, and Samuel Chandler was one of her brothers. In her youth her spine became crooked, and her health suffered, but she set up a milliners shop in Bath about 1705, when not yet out of her teens, and wrote rhyming riddles and poems to friends. Despite her deformity and class station, she was on familiar terms with a variety of Bath society, among them Mrs. Boteler, Mrs. Moor, Lady Russell, and the Duchess of Somerset. Jonathan Swift's friend Mary Barber was her neighbour, and she was also a friend of Elizabeth Rowe and Frances Seymour, Countess of Hertford. Alexander Pope knew of and praised her poetry. She died on 11 September 1745.

## Works

The first edition of her most famous work, *A Description of Bath* (1733), was described as 'a letter to a friend' and dedicated to her physician, Dr Oliver. The second edition appeared the following year, newly inscribed to the Princess Amelia, with the original panegyric verses on Dr Oliver excised and replaced. The loss was made good in the third edition, issued in 1736, which included a poem 'To Doctor Oliver, who corrected my Bath poem'. A fourth edition followed in 1738, and a fifth in 1741. A wealthy gentleman, of sixty, struck with one of her poems, travelled eighty miles to see her, and, after buying a pair of gloves from her, offered to make her his wife. Miss Chandler turned the incident into verse, and a sixth edition of her book being called for in 1744, it appeared with a sub-title, ‘To which is added a True Tale, by the same Author.’ After her retirement from business, she began a poem ‘On the Attributes of God,’ but left it unfinished at her death.

A seventh edition of her poems was issued in 1755, and an eighth in 1767. She dedicated her book to her brother John, and her 'Life', in Theophilus Cibber's *Lives of the Poets*, was written by her brother Samuel.

Attribution

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Humphreys, Jennett (1887). "Chandler, Mary". In Stephen, Leslie (ed.). *Dictionary of National Biography*. Vol. 10. London: Smith, Elder & Co. p. 39.


title: Xylocopa alticola

abstract: Xylocopa alticola is a species of carpenter bee native to Africa. The species was described by Hans Hedicke in 1938. The Smithsonian has specimens collected from Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania.

text:
# Xylocopa alticola

***Xylocopa alticola*** is a species of carpenter bee native to Africa.

The species was described by Hans Hedicke in 1938.

The Smithsonian has specimens collected from Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania.

## InfoBox

| *Xylocopa alticola* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Apidae |
| Genus: | *Xylocopa* |
| Species: | ***X. alticola*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Xylocopa alticola***<br>Hedicke, 1938 | |
|


title: 1916 in Brazilian football

abstract: The following article presents a summary of the 1916 football (soccer) season in Brazil, which was the 15th season of competitive football in the country.

text:
# 1916 in Brazilian football

The following article presents a summary of the **1916 football (soccer) season in Brazil**, which was the 15th season of competitive football in the country.

## Campeonato Paulista

In 1916 there were two different editions of the Campeonato Paulista. One was organized by the Associação Paulista de Esportes Atléticos (APEA) while the other one was organized by the Liga Paulista de Foot-Ball (LPF).

### APEA's Campeonato Paulista

**Final Standings**

| Position | Team | Points | Played | Won | Drawn | Lost | For | Against | Difference |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Paulistano | 19 | 12 | 9 | 1 | 2 | 40 | 17 | 23 |
| 2 | AA São Bento | 14 | 11 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 26 | 27 | -1 |
| 3 | Mackenzie | 13 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 27 | 23 | 4 |
| 4 | Ypiranga-SP | 13 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 19 | 19 | 0 |
| 5 | Santos | 9 | 11 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 23 | 31 | -8 |
| 6 | AA das Palmeiras | 6 | 12 | 4 | 0 | 8 | 20 | 28 | -8 |
| 7 | Palestra Itália-SP | 8 | 12 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 16 | 26 | -10 |

Paulistano declared as the APEA's Campeonato Paulista champions.

### LPF's Campeonato Paulista

**Final Standings**

| Position | Team | Points | Played | Won | Drawn | Lost | For | Against | Difference |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Corinthians | 16 | 8 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 3 | 17 |
| 2 | União Lapa | 10 | 8 | 5 | 0 | 3 | 14 | 18 | -4 |
| 3 | Alumni | 10 | 7 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 8 | -2 |
| 4 | Campos Elíseos | 9 | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 12 | 6 | 6 |
| 5 | Maranhão | 7 | 7 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 7 | -1 |
| 6 | Minas Gerais | 7 | 7 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 6 | 8 | -2 |
| 7 | Payssandu-SP | 7 | 9 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 9 | -5 |
| 8 | Americano-SP | 6 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 13 | 3 | 10 |
| 9 | Ítalo | 5 | 6 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 8 | -3 |
| 10 | Vicentino | 5 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 7 | 11 | -4 |
| 11 | SC Luzitano | 5 | 7 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 10 | -6 |
| 12 | Ruggerone | 3 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 2 | 8 | -6 |
| 13 | SC Internacional de São Paulo | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| 13 | Germânia | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |

SC Internacional de São Paulo and Germânia matches were canceled, as both clubs abandoned the competition.

The LPF's Campeonato Paulista was not concluded as APEA's and LPF's competitions fused, and Corinthians declared as the LPF's Campeonato Paulista champions.

## State championship champions

| State | Champion |
| --- | --- |
| Amazonas | Nacional |
| Bahia | República |
| Minas Gerais | América-MG |
| Paraná | Coritiba |
| Pernambuco | Sport Recife |
| Rio de Janeiro (DF) | América-RJ |
| São Paulo | Paulistano (by APEA)<br>Corinthians (by LPF) |

## Brazil national team

The following table lists all the games played by the Brazil national football team in official competitions and friendly matches during 1916.

| Date | Opposition | Result | Score | Brazil scorers | Competition |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| July 8, 1916 | Chile | D | 1-1 | Demóstenes | South American Championship |
| July 10, 1916 | Argentina | D | 1-1 | Alencar | South American Championship |
| July 12, 1916 | Uruguay | L | 1-2 | Friedenreich | South American Championship |
| July 18, 1916 | Uruguay | W | 1-0 | Mimi Sodré | International Friendly |

## InfoBox

Football in Brazil
| Season | 1916 |
| --- | --- |
|  | |


title: Troubadour (Robert Hazard album)

abstract: Troubadour is the sixth and final album by American musician Robert Hazard, released on October 9, 2007, by Rykodisc.

text:
# Troubadour (Robert Hazard album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

***Troubadour*** is the sixth and final album by American musician Robert Hazard, released on October 9, 2007, by Rykodisc.

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Robert Hazard

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "I Still Believe in You" | 4:45 |
| 2. | "Bound" | 6:21 |
| 3. | "Nobody But the Night" | 4:06 |
| 4. | "Somebody Else's Dream" | 5:09 |
| 5. | "She Loves Me Too" | 4:38 |
| 6. | "A Whole Lot of Water" | 5:02 |
| 7. | "Blood on My Hands" | 5:04 |
| 8. | "Troubadour" | 6:14 |
| 9. | "Lucky Hat" | 4:44 |
| 10. | "To Be with You" | 4:26 |
| 11. | "Midnight Gal" | 4:22 |
| 12. | "Ride to Town" | 6:35 |
| Total length: | | 01:01:26 |

## Personnel

**Musicians**

**Technical**

* Chris Andersen, Billy Shaw, Alan Stockwell – engineers
* Pete Heitzman, Karen Savoca – mixing
* Jamie Hoyt-Vitale – art direction, design
* Peter Moshay – mastering
* Michael Tearson – liner notes
* Frank Veronsky – photography

## InfoBox

| Troubadour | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Robert Hazard | |
| Released | October 9, 2007 |
| Studio | * Alcove Sound, Oneida, New York * Soundesign, Brattleboro, Vermont |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 61:26 |
| Label | Rykodisc |
| Producer | * Karen Savoca * Pete Heitzman |
| Robert Hazard chronology | |
| *Blue Mountain*
(2004) ***Troubadour***
(2007) | |


title: Wanda Díaz-Merced

abstract: Wanda Díaz-Merced is a Puerto Rican astronomer known for using sonification to turn large data sets into audible sound. Currently at the European Gravitational Observatory Cascina, Italy, Wanda is the Director of the Arecibo Observatory. While losing her eyesight, Wanda brought attention to increasing equality of access to astronomy and using audible sound to study astrophysical data.. Wanda is a part of the 7 most trailblazing women in science by the BBC.

text:
# Wanda Díaz-Merced

**Wanda Díaz-Merced** is a Puerto Rican astronomer known for using sonification to turn large data sets into audible sound. Currently at the European Gravitational Observatory Cascina, Italy, Wanda is the Director of the Arecibo Observatory. While losing her eyesight, Wanda brought attention to increasing equality of access to astronomy and using audible sound to study astrophysical data.. Wanda is a part of the 7 most trailblazing women in science by the BBC.

## Early life

Díaz-Merced was born in Gurabo, a small town in Puerto Rico. Both Diaz-Merced and her sister had physical disabilities, Wanda being blind, and had to learn to overcome the challenges that came. As children, the two of them would pretend to fly a spacecraft and explore other galaxies.

She entered the school science fair in middle school, where she won second place. This was a turning point for her as it made her realize that pursuing a career in science might be attainable.

Díaz-Merced lost her sight in her early twenties due to complications with degenerative diabetic retinopathy and found new ways to study stellar radiation without relying on her vision. She realized that she could use her ears to detect patterns in stellar radio data that could potentially be obscured in visual and graphical representation.

## Education

Díaz-Merced attended Matías González García Middle School and Dra. Conchita Cuevas High School in Gurabo, Puerto Rico. She then went on to study physics at the University of Puerto Rico. She received an internship with Robert Candey at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland, USA after she finished her undergraduate degree. She went on to receive a doctorate in computer science from the University of Glasgow in 2013, where she studied space data analysis. She was then accepted as a post-doctoral fellow at the Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian. and South African Astronomical Observatory in Cape Town

## Scientific career

In 2020, Díaz-Merced accepted a simultaneous collaboration with the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics and the European Gravitational Observatory proposal REINFORCE. Before this, she worked at the National Astronomical Observatory Japan (NAOJ), and the South African observatory's Office of Astronomy for Development (OAD). She has led the OAD project AstroSense since April 2014. She worked on the technique after she lost her sight as an undergraduate at the University of Puerto Rico. In 2016, she gave a TED Talk in Vancouver, BC, Canada. She is a member of the International Astronomical Union. While working at the Center for Astrophysics Harvard & Smithsonian, she collaborated with Gerhard Sonnert on a music album based on her audio representations. Composed by Volkmar Studtrucker, "X-Ray Hydra" includes nine pieces of music derived from NASA's Chandra X-Ray Observatory rendered as sound.

## Honors

In 2011, Diaz-Merced won one of Google's first annual European Scholarship for Students with Disabilities. This scholarship recognizes outstanding Ph.D. students doing exceptional research in the field of computer science.

Diaz-Merced was awarded in 2017, an Estrella Luike trophy.

## Published works

* Paice, J. A.; Gandhi, P.; Charles, P. A.; et al. (September 2019). "Puzzling blue dips in the black hole candidate Swift J1357.2-0933, from ULTRACAM, SALT, ATCA, Swift, and NuSTAR". *Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society*. **488** (1): 512–524. arXiv:1905.09784. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1613. ISSN 0035-8711.
* Diaz-Merced, Wanda L.; Candey, Robert M.; Brickhouse, Nancy; Schneps, Matthew; Mannone, John C.; Brewster, Stephen; Kolenberg, Katrien (2011). "Sonification of Astronomical Data". *Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union*. **7** (S285): 133–136. doi:10.1017/S1743921312000440. ISSN 1743-9213. Retrieved 2019-11-01.
* Garcia, Beatriz; Diaz-Merced, Wanda; Casado, Johanna; Cancio, Angel (2019). "Evolving from xSonify: a new digital platform for sonorization". *EPJ Web of Conferences*. **200**. S. Deustua, K. Eastwood, I.L. ten Kate (eds.): 01013. Bibcode:2019EPJWC.20001013G. doi:10.1051/epjconf/201920001013. hdl:11336/130934. ISSN 2100-014X.
* Kurtz, S.; Hofner, P.; Vargas, C.; Diaz-Merced, W. (2001). "High resolution radio continuum observations of high mass star formation regions". In R. T. Schilizzi; S. N. Vogel; F. Paresce; M. S. Elvis (eds.). *Galaxies and Their Constituents at the Highest Angular Resolutions*. San Francisco: Astronomical Soc Pacific. pp. 280–281. ISBN 978-1-58381-066-8.
* Diaz Merced, Wanda L. (2013). "Sound for the exploration of space physics data". University of Glasgow. Retrieved 2019-11-01. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
* Díaz-Merced, Wanda. "Making Astronomy Accessible for the Visually Impaired". *Scientific American Blog Network*. Retrieved 2020-07-12.

## InfoBox

| Wanda Díaz-Merced | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Gurabo, Puerto Rico |
| Citizenship | United States |
| Education |  |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Astronomer |
| Institutions | European Gravitational Observatory |
| Thesis | *Sound for the exploration of space physics data* (2013) |
| Doctoral advisor | Stephen Brewster |
|  | |


title: Mary Dent Crisp

abstract: Mary Dent Crisp was an American Republican leader and feminist who was ousted from her party after publicly opposing its views on abortion rights and the Equal Rights Amendment. She was a member of the Republican Party for over 20 years and served in roles in the party's administration beginning in 1968, culminating in service from 1977 to 1980 as Co-Chairwoman of the Republican National Committee. Crisp spoke against the party's decision to stop supporting the Equal Rights Amendment in a speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, after which she announced that she would not seek re-election to her position. Crisp also spoke out in favor of abortion rights.

text:
# Mary Dent Crisp

**Mary Dent Crisp** (November 5, 1923 – March 24, 2007) was an American Republican leader and feminist who was ousted from her party after publicly opposing its views on abortion rights and the Equal Rights Amendment. She was a member of the Republican Party for over 20 years and served in roles in the party's administration beginning in 1968, culminating in service from 1977 to 1980 as Co-Chairwoman of the Republican National Committee. Crisp spoke against the party's decision to stop supporting the Equal Rights Amendment in a speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, after which she announced that she would not seek re-election to her position. Crisp also spoke out in favor of abortion rights.

## Personal life and education

Crisp was born on November 5, 1923, in Allentown, Pennsylvania, the 7th child of Elizabeth (Patch) and Harry Dent. In 1946, Crisp graduated with a degree in botany from Oberlin College then studied political science at Arizona State University. In 1948, she married William Crisp. They had three children together, William, Barbara, and Anne. Mary and William divorced in 1976. Mary Dent Crisp had Parkinson's disease and died on March 24, 2007.

## Political life

Crisp was active as a volunteer in politics. Her political career began in 1961 as a deputy registrar for the campaign of Barry Goldwater. Following this, Crisp was elected to positions within the Republican Party, serving as vice-chair of the Mariposa County Republican Committee from 1968 to 1970, and as vice-chair of Arizona's Republican State Committee from 1971 to 1972. In 1972 she became a Republican National Committeewoman in Arizona. In 1976 Crisp became Secretary of the Republican National Convention. From 1977 to 1980 she served as Co-Chairwoman of the Republican National Committee.

Crisp directed Business Executives for National Security, a political action committee from 1984 to the mid-1990s.

## Activism

In 1977, Crisp wrote to every Republican in Congress in order to gain support for a bill that would extend the ERA ratification deadline. In her speech at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Crisp publicly challenged and spoke against the Republican Party’s decision to abandon the Equal Rights Amendment and support and abandon their anti-abortion platform.

After Crisp spoke out against the Republican Party, the party chairman, Bill Brock, told her that “\[She\] should adopt the lowest profile possible,.” Brock ordered her remarks to be deleted from the program of the national nominating convention, and canceled two convention events that Crisp was supposed to host. Crisp had endorsed an independent Republican John B. Anderson of Illinois for president, but denied endorsing him and arranged with Brock that she would no longer talk to reporters and would not seek re-election of her position. Later, her friends said that Crisp agreed to listen to Brock to protect her staff members from being fired.

Shortly afterward, Crisp signed on as campaign manager for John B. Anderson's 1980 presidential run as an independent. She served on boards for numerous political organizations and "fought to return the Republican Party to what she believed were its ideological roots: individual freedom and limited government". Mary devoted her life as an ardent feminist to "promoting issues of women's freedom, opportunity, choice, and peace".

An supporter of Equal Rights Amendment and abortion rights, Crisp supported pro-choice and women's right to make their own reproductive choices. Crisp also protested the Republican Party's decision to oppose federal funding for abortion. In 1989, the Supreme Court in Webster v. Reproductive Health Services, restricted federal funding for abortion Crisp then left her position under pressure from supporters of President Ronald Reagan. In the same year, Crisp co-founded the National Republican Coalition for Choice, where she served as chair and spokesperson, in response to the government's abandonment of the abortion and equal rights.

In addition, she spoke out for federal support for childcare, redressing gender inequities in Social Security, and against job discrimination.

## Speeches and writings

Crisp made numerous speeches on behalf of the Republican National Committee. The target of most of her speeches were Republican organizations. In addition, Crisp gave speeches campaigning for Republican candidates running for office. After leaving the Republican Party, many of Crisp's speeches related to her work for the National Republican Coalition for Choice.

## Office wiretapping incident (June 1980)

In June 1980, the Republican National Committee officials investigated with an electronic inspection of their headquarters to see if it had been bugged. The report was inconclusive that Mary Crisp’s office was used in the wiretapping. However, chairman Brill Brock ordered for the investigation to stop after he found out that a police officer had entered the headquarters before they were there. Nothing was found after the search. The police officer had been sent by Winston Norman, who was the chief of security for the Republican national committee. Later, two electronic experts said that a magnetic field and suspicious wires that were found in Mary Crisp’s office could have been for eavesdropping.

## Accolades and credits

## Further reading


title: Michael Goldie

abstract: Michael Goldie was a British character actor active between 1963 and 1996. He starred or appeared in numerous television serials including Coronation Street, Doctor Who, The Hound of the Baskervilles, Wycliffe, Inspector Morse, The Bill and Z-Cars. His films included Doctor in Distress (1963), Where the Bullets Fly (1966), The Body Stealers (1969), The Horror of Frankenstein (1970), The Pied Piper (1972), Lady Jane (1986) and Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves (1991). His stage work included various roles with the Royal Shakespeare Company.

text:
# Michael Goldie

**Michael Goldie** (26 February 1932, Edmonton, London – 17 June 2013, France) was a British character actor active between 1963 and 1996.

He starred or appeared in numerous television serials including *Coronation Street* (as Bob Statham, owner of the Weatherfield Recorder, 1987/88), *Doctor Who* (in the serials *The Dalek Invasion of Earth* and *The Wheel in Space*), *The Hound of the Baskervilles*, *Wycliffe*, *Inspector Morse*, *The Bill* and *Z-Cars*. His films included *Doctor in Distress* (1963), *Where the Bullets Fly* (1966), *The Body Stealers* (1969), *The Horror of Frankenstein* (1970), *The Pied Piper* (1972), *Lady Jane* (1986) and *Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves* (1991).

His stage work included various roles with the Royal Shakespeare Company.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1963 | *Doctor in Distress* | Physical Training Instructor |  |
| 1965 | *Bash and Grab* |  | With Valentine Dyall : six-minute public information film. |
| 1966 | *Where the Bullets Fly* | Labourer |  |
| 1969 | *The Body Stealers* | Despatch Driver |  |
| 1969 | *Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed* | Warder | Uncredited |
| 1970 | *The Horror of Frankenstein* | Workman |  |
| 1972 | *The Pied Piper* | Burger |  |
| 1980 | *Danger on Dartmoor* |  |  |
| 1986 | *Lady Jane* | Porter |  |
| 1991 | *Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves* | Kenneth |  |

## InfoBox

| Michael Goldie | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1932-02-26)26 February 1932
Edmonton, London |
| Died | 17 June 2013(2013-06-17) (aged 81)
Vannes, Morbihan, France |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | Character actor |
| Years active | 1963–1996 |


title: Plum, Texas

abstract: Plum is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, Texas, United States. Plum has a post office with the ZIP code 78952.

text:
# Plum, Texas

**Plum** is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, Texas, United States. Plum has a post office with the ZIP code 78952.

## Geography

Plum is on State Highway 71 and the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad, eight miles west of La Grange in Fayette County. F. Lotto's book *Fayette County, Her History and Her People*, claims that the property surrounding Plum is prairie and postoak.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 366 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census
1850–1900 1910
1920 1930 1940
1950 1960 1970
1980 1990 2000
2010 2020 | | | |

Plum first appeared as a census designated place in the 2020 U.S. Census.

### 2020 Census

**Plum CDP, Texas – Racial and ethnic composition**
*Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.*
| Race / Ethnicity (*NH = Non-Hispanic*) | Pop 2020 | % 2020 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| White alone (NH) | 168 | 45.90% |
| Black or African American alone (NH) | 34 | 9.29% |
| Native American or Alaska Native alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Asian alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Pacific Islander alone (NH) | 0 | 0.00% |
| Other race alone (NH) | 1 | 0.27% |
| Mixed race or Multiracial (NH) | 9 | 2.46% |
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 154 | 42.08% |
| **Total** | **366** | **100.00%** |

## History

The area was initially settled by families from Tennessee on lands granted to Andrew Castleman in 1828 and John Cooke in 1831 and acquired the name Plum Grove. Plum Grove is the second oldest established community in Fayette County. The Hopewell (now Plum) Baptist Church was the first Baptist church in Texas established west of the Colorado River and the first in Texas to hold an ordination service and administer the ordinance of baptism. On July 8, 1861, the Plum Grove Rifles was formed under the command of Capt. Thomas C. Moore. Apparently the unit was designed for training, because its members were subsequently drafted or volunteered to join other regular units. In 1880 a post office was established, and by 1900 the community had two churches, two stores, two cotton gins, two blacksmith shops, a saloon, and a physician. By 1950 it had an estimated population of 280 and seven businesses. By the 1980s the population had dropped to ninety-five and the number of businesses to two; the town retained its post office. The discovery of oil in the Austin Chalk formation during the late 1970s and early 1980s boosted the local economy. Through 2000 the population was still ninety-five.

## InfoBox

| Plum, Texas | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| PlumPlum | |
| Coordinates: 29°56′06″N 96°58′03″W / 29.93500°N 96.96750°W / 29.93500; -96.96750 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Texas |
| County | Fayette |
| Elevation | 299 ft (91 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 78952 |
| Area code | 979 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1365467 |


title: Xylariopsis

abstract:
Xylariopsis is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species: subgenus Falsosybra
  - Xylariopsis fulvonotata subgenus Xylariopsis
  - Xylariopsis esakii Mitono, 1943
  - Xylariopsis iriei Hayashi, 1976
  - Xylariopsis mimica Bates, 1884

text:
# Xylariopsis

***Xylariopsis*** is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

subgenus ***Falsosybra***

subgenus ***Xylariopsis***

## InfoBox

| *Xylariopsis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Xylariopsis iriei* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Xylariopsis* |
|


title: Mike Karmazin

abstract: Michael Laurence Karmazin was a professional American football guard. Prior to playing at the professional level, Karmazin played college football at Duke University. He earned All-America and All-Southern Conference honors in 1941. During the 1942 Rose Bowl, he tackled Don Durdan for a safety, in a 20–16 loss to Oregon State. He was later drafted in 1946 by the Boston Yanks of the National Football League (NFL), however he ended playing in the rival All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for the New York Yankees in 1946. He played professionally again in 1947, for the Paterson Panthers of the American Association.

text:
# Mike Karmazin

**Michael Laurence Karmazin** (July 16, 1919 – January 21, 2004) was a professional American football guard. Prior to playing at the professional level, Karmazin played college football at Duke University. He earned All-America and All-Southern Conference honors in 1941. During the 1942 Rose Bowl, he tackled Don Durdan for a safety, in a 20–16 loss to Oregon State. He was later drafted in 1946 by the Boston Yanks of the National Football League (NFL), however he ended playing in the rival All-America Football Conference (AAFC) for the New York Yankees in 1946. He played professionally again in 1947, for the Paterson Panthers of the American Association.

## InfoBox

Mike Karmazin
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| No. 30 | |
| Position: | Guard |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1919-07-16)July 16, 1919
Monongahela, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Died: | January 21, 2004(2004-01-21) (aged 84)
New Orleans, Louisiana, U.S. |
| Height: | 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) |
| Weight: | 210 lb (95 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Norwin (PA) |
| College: | Duke |
| NFL draft: | 1946 / round: 24 / pick: 222 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


abstract: The 1928 United States Senate election in New York was held on November 6, 1928. Incumbent Democratic Senator Royal S. Copeland was re-elected to a second term, defeating Republican Alanson B. Houghton.

text:
# 1928 United States Senate election in New York

The **1928 United States Senate election in New York** was held on November 6, 1928. Incumbent Democratic Senator Royal S. Copeland was re-elected to a second term, defeating Republican Alanson B. Houghton.

## Democratic nomination

### Candidates

### Convention

After speeches celebrating Copeland's support for tolerance for Catholics and immigration reform, his renomination was carried by acclamation.

## Republican nomination

### Candidates

### Convention

1928 New York Republican convention
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Alanson B. Houghton** | **911** | **88.45%** |
|  | Republican | George R. Fearon | 119 | 11.55% |
| Total votes | | | **1,030** | **100.00%** |

## General election

### Candidates

### Results

1928 United States Senate election in New York
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic** | **Royal S. Copeland (incumbent)** | **2,084,273** | **49.08%** | **3.52** |
|  | Republican | Alanson B. Houghton | 2,034,014 | 47.89% | 6.88 |
|  | Socialist | McAlister Coleman | 111,208 | 2.62% | 2.24 |
|  | Workers | Robert Minor | 11,956 | 0.28% | *New* |
|  | Socialist Labor | Henry Kuhn | 5,543 | 0.13% | 0.08 |
| Total votes | | | **4,246,994** | **100.00%** |  |

## InfoBox

1928 United States Senate election in New York
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Royal S. Copeland** Alanson B. Houghton   Party Democratic Republican  Popular vote **2,084,273** 2,034,014  Percentage **49.08%** 47.89% | |
| ---  County Results
**Copeland:**      40–50%      50–60%      60–70%      70–80%
**Houghton:**      50–60%      60–70%      70–80% | |
| ---  **Senator before election**
Royal S. Copeland
Democratic **Elected Senator**
Royal S. Copeland
Democratic | |


title: Troubadour (song)

abstract: "Troubadour" is a song written by Leslie Satcher and Monty Holmes, and recorded by American country music singer George Strait. It was released in June 2008 as the second single and title track from his album Troubadour. The song was the 86th chart single of his career. It has become his 79th Top Ten single on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. "Troubadour" was nominated for Best Male Country Vocal Performance at the 2009 Grammy Awards. Vince Gill sings background vocals on the single.

text:
# Troubadour (song)

**"Troubadour"** is a song written by Leslie Satcher and Monty Holmes, and recorded by American country music singer George Strait. It was released in June 2008 as the second single and title track from his album *Troubadour*. The song was the 86th chart single of his career. It has become his 79th Top Ten single on the *Billboard* Hot Country Songs chart. "Troubadour" was nominated for Best Male Country Vocal Performance at the 2009 Grammy Awards. Vince Gill sings background vocals on the single.

## Content

The song is a ballad in which the narrator reflects on his life as a troubadour, feeling that he is content with what he has accomplished ("I was a young troubadour when I rode in on a song / I'll be an old troubadour when I'm gone").

## Commercial performance

The song reached No. 7 on Billboard's Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay for the chart dated September 27, 2008. The song was certified Platinum by the RIAA on July 15, 2022, and has sold 949,000 copies in the United States as of November 2016.

## Music video

In August 2008, Strait released a music video for the song. Directed by Trey Fanjoy, and edited by Scott Mele, the song's video alternates between footage of him singing, and shots of archived photos from various points in his career. This is his first music video since 2006's "The Seashores of Old Mexico", which Fanjoy also directed.

## Chart history

| Chart (2008) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 7 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 54 |
| Canada Country (*Billboard*) | 3 |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 74 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2008) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| US Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 34 |

## Certifications

Certifications for *Troubadour*
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United States (RIAA) | 3× Platinum | 3,000,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| "Troubadour" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by George Strait | |
| from the album  *Troubadour* | |
| Released | June 2, 2008 |
| Genre | Neotraditional country |
| Length | 2:56 |
| Label | MCA Nashville |
| Songwriter(s) | Leslie Satcher
Monty Holmes |
| Producer(s) | Tony Brown
George Strait |
| George Strait singles chronology | |
| "I Saw God Today"
(2008) "**Troubadour**"
(2008) "River of Love"
(2008) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "Troubadour" at CMT.com | |
|  | |


title: Mercury silvering

abstract: Mercury silvering or fire gilding is a silvering technique for applying a thin layer of precious metal such as silver or gold to a base metal object. The process was invented during the Middle Ages and is documented in Vannoccio Biringuccio's 1540 book De la pirotechnia. An amalgam of mercury and the precious metal is prepared and applied to the object which is then heated, sometimes in oil, vaporizing most of the mercury. The technique is dangerous since mercury is highly toxic, especially in its vapor phase. Mercury silvering can be detected through a variety of methods. The technique was also used in Asia, for example tokin plating in Edo-period Japan.

text:
# Mercury silvering

**Mercury silvering** or **fire gilding** is a silvering technique for applying a thin layer of precious metal such as silver or gold (mercury gilding) to a base metal object. The process was invented during the Middle Ages and is documented in Vannoccio Biringuccio's 1540 book *De la pirotechnia*. An amalgam of mercury and the precious metal is prepared and applied to the object which is then heated, sometimes in oil, vaporizing most of the mercury. The technique is dangerous since mercury is highly toxic, especially in its vapor phase. Mercury silvering can be detected through a variety of methods.

The technique was also used in Asia, for example *tokin* plating in Edo-period Japan.


title: Mary Chandler Atherton

abstract: Mary Alderson Chandler Atherton was an American educator, textbook author, and magazine publisher. She arrived in Boston, Massachusetts in 1881. There, she founded the "Home School for Shorthand and Typewriting" (1883), and ten years later, the "Chandler Normal Shorthand School", chiefly for the training of teachers, the first school of its kind in the U.S. In 1895, Atherton called a "Public School Shorthand Convention", the first in the history of shorthand education. Also in that year, she founded the Chandler Thinking Club for the encouragement of independent thinking. She published two periodicals and five textbooks.

text:
# Mary Chandler Atherton

**Mary Alderson Chandler Atherton** (née, **Alderson**; after first marriage, **Chandler**; after second marriage, **Atherton**; April 16, 1849 – September 9, 1934) was an American educator, textbook author, and magazine publisher. She arrived in Boston, Massachusetts in 1881. There, she founded the "Home School for Shorthand and Typewriting" (1883), and ten years later, the "Chandler Normal Shorthand School", chiefly for the training of teachers, the first school of its kind in the U.S. In 1895, Atherton called a "Public School Shorthand Convention", the first in the history of shorthand education. Also in that year, she founded the Chandler Thinking Club for the encouragement of independent thinking. She published two periodicals and five textbooks.

## Early life and education

Mary Alderson was born near Le Raysville, Pennsylvania, April 16, 1849. Her parents, John Alderson (1805–1881) and Margaret (Wilson) Alderson (1805–1888), were both natives of Sedbergh, England. Atherton's birthplace was 20 miles (32 km) from any town of importance, the only connection with which was the stagecoach. When other children of her age were profiting by proximity to the railroad, the telegraph, music, art, literature and other facilities for education, she was peering through the small windows of her stone house, dreaming of places beyond home. Her parents were plain people, whose wealth, they used to say, lay chiefly in their children, of whom there were eight boys and three girls, Atherton's siblings being James, Joshua, Elizabeth, Henry, George, Franklin, and Frederick.

Her education began in the typical country school, open three months in winter and three in summer. It was continued at the village academy one term and at the Orwell Hill graded school three terms, a teacher's certificate then being granted her at the age of fifteen. At sixteen, or as early as the law of the State of Pennsylvania permitted, she began teaching in a small country school in what was locally known as the "Cleveland District".

A letter came from an elder brother, who many years before had gone prospecting in the West. The letter said in part:—

> "The little sister whom I left behind me years ago must be a young lady by this time, and I want her to be given an education. Send her away to school. Here is two hundred dollars and if I make a big stake, as I have a good show to do, will send more when needed."

Atherton eagerly seized the unexpected opportunity, entering the State Normal School, Mansfield, Pennsylvania (now, Mansfield University of Pennsylvania), graduating with the honors of her class in the spring of 1868.

## Career

### Public school teacher

The first three years of her public life were spent in teaching in Venango City (since merged into Oil City, Pennsylvania) and Franklin. She then removed to California. In four weeks after her arrival, she began teaching in Galt, at a salary of US$75 per month. The next year found her, with an increased salary, at San Jose, where for several years, she held the position of vice-principal in the Empire School. Later, she went to the city of Oakland, where her career as a teacher in the public schools terminated finally.

### Shorthand pioneer

Yearning for growth, she boarded an ocean steamer in 1880 and sailed out of San Francisco with the fixed purpose of entering upon a new, broader, and more useful career. Going first to Philadelphia in 1880, she spent one year in study in that city at the National School of Elocution and Oratory, and was graduated from there in 1881.

In 1881, now married, Mr. and Mrs. Chandler came to Boston as co-workers. Out of necessity, being widowed in 1889, she devoted herself into that educational work and turned out such qualified stenographers as to attract general attention. The system which she developed was not one of position nor of light lines, but employed both joined and disjoined vowels. As a rule, each outline stood for one word only, and was exceedingly legible as a consequence. Because of its exactness, uniformity and interchangeability, the notes of one Chandler writer could easily read by any one knowing the system.

Atherton wanted to establish a uniform shorthand in the public schools, and constantly worked toward this goal. The original planks of her shorthand educational platform were two –"Quality, not quantity" and "Legibility, not guessibility"- to which the following was subsequently added, “A uniform shorthand in the public schools". To this end, in Boston in 1883, she established "The Home School of Shorthand and Typewriting". This led to the publication of her *Graded Lessons* (Boston, 1888), and the first shorthand textbook, *The Chandler Practical Shorthand for Schools and Colleges*, which went through several editions and was extensively used in the public schools of New England. She taught her system in the Martha's Vineyard Summer Institute during the summer season of 1889–91.

In 1891, she introduced her system of shorthand into the Gloucester High School, where its merit was promptly recognized. In that year, she also organized the Chandler Shorthand Teachers' Association.

In 1893 founded the Chandler Normal Shorthand School in Boston for the training of teachers, the first school of its kind in the U.S. She directed it until 1917, when she gave up her connection with it, and it became the Chandler School for Women, with a wider field for women's education and training.

In 1895, Atherton called a Public School Shorthand Convention, the first in the history of shorthand education, and these were held annually in Boston since 1904. In 1914, she first published the *Chandler Shorthand Quarterly* in the interest of a rational uniform system. The 12th Annual Convention of Chandler Shorthand writers was held on May 8 in the St. James theatre, Boston, with an attendance of nearly 1,500.

Atherton was a natural leader and to the young, an unfailing source of inspiration. The high esteem in which she was held by those who came under her direct influence was indicated by the following extract from the constitution of the National Association of Chandler Shorthand Writers, organized in 1904:—

> "The object of this association shall be to extend and perpetuate, through the means of a permanent organization, the valuable work which Mary Alderson Atherton has done for humanity in the interest of true education and characterbuilding."

#### Controversy

A veteran stenographer, writing to the Springfield, Massachusetts *Union* (1908), said in part:—

> "Properly speaking, there is no such system of shorthand as the Chandler' system. This system is known to the shorthand fraternity as ""Lindsley's Takigraphy", Simple or Corresponding Style. It was invented by the late David Philip Lindsley and first published in book form during the early 1870s-before Mrs. Chandler knew anything about shorthand. She acquired her knowledge of it through Mr. Lindsley and his publications, and when the copyright expired she put it out as 'Chandler' shorthand. It is what is known as a corresponding style of shorthand, devised by Mr. Lindsley to replace longhand writing-a dream that has not as yet materialized. The shaded' stroke systems are the ones in most general use by professional reporters. The light-line systems have nothing of advantage."

In *Shorthand Systems Analyzed: Gregg, Pitman, K.I., Paragon and Boyd Syllabic* (1919), by the New York State Shorthand Reporters, the system is referred to as "Lindsley-Chandler".

## Personal life

She was twice married: first, in 1881, at Philadelphia to Willard Wayne Chandler (1858–1889)., of Boston, who died in 1889 of tuberculosis, and secondly, on May 25, 1903, to Frederick Atherton (1855–1939), a lawyer, of Boston.

Atherton was a member of the Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association, and of the Free Religious Association. In 1895, she organized the Chandler Thinking Club, for the encouragement of individual growth, laying special emphasis on independent thinking, and in 1898, began the publication of *The Thinker*.

Mary Alderson Chandler Atherton died in San Diego, California, September 9, 1934.

## Selected works

### Books

* *Graded Lessons in Shorthand*, 1888 (text)
* *Key to Graded Lessons in Shorthand*, 1889 (text)
* *Practical Shorthand for Schools and Colleges*, 1891
* *Chandler's Practical Shorthand: A Series of Logical Steps*, 1893
* *Chandler Shorthand Revised*, 1933

### Magazine founder and publisher

* *The Thinker* (established 1898)
* *Chandler Shorthand Quarterly* (established 1914)

## InfoBox

| Mary Alderson Chandler Atherton | |
| --- | --- |
| Portrait from *A Woman of the Century* | |
| Born | Mary Alderson
April 16, 1849
Le Raysville, Pennsylvania, U.S. |
| Died | September 9, 1934(1934-09-09) (aged 85)
San Diego, California, U.S. |
| Occupation | * educator * author * school and magazine founder |
| Alma mater | State Normal School, Mansfield, Pennsylvania |
| Genre | Textbook |
| Subject | Shorthand |
| Notable works | *Practical Shorthand for Schools and Colleges* |
| Spouse | * Willard Wayne Chandler  (m. 1881; died 1889) * Frederick Atherton (m. 1903) |


title: Michael Glover (author)

abstract: Michael Glover is an author, London-based poet, art critic, fiction writer and magazine editor.

text:
# Michael Glover (author)

**Michael Glover** (born Sheffield, Yorkshire) is an author, London-based poet, art critic, fiction writer and magazine editor.

## Education

Michael Glover was educated at Firth Park Grammar School and read English at Queens' College, Cambridge.

## Career

Glover is the Poetry Editor of *The Tablet* and a senior art critic and feature writer for *The Independent*. He has been a regular reviewer and commentator upon the world of poetry for *The Times*, the *New Statesman* and *The Economist*. He has written about poetry in performance for the *Financial Times*. He is also a London correspondent for *ArtNews*, New York City. In 2009 he established The Bow-Wow Shop, a free-to-access, online poetry magazine which has been archived by the British Library.

He wrote the *Headlong Into Pennilessness* memoir about growing up in a working-class suburb of Sheffield in the 1950s. Sebastian Barker, former chairman of the Poetry Society and Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature, called it "charming and fascinating". Bill Hamilton, literary agent of author Hilary Mantel, describes it as a "vivid and true" picture of the kinds of life endured by tens of thousands of working-class families struggling to make ends meet in Northern Britain in the post-war austerity years.

## Poetry collections

* *Measured Lives* (Dagger Press, 1994)
* *Impossible Horizons* (Sinclair-Stevenson, 1995)
* *A Small Modicum of Folly* (Dagger Press, 1997)
* *The Bead-Eyed Man* (Dagger Press, 1999)
* *Amidst All This Debris* (Dagger Press, 2001)
* *For The Sheer Hell Of Living* (San Marco Press, 2008)
* *Only So Much* (Savage Poets Collective, 2011)
* *Hypothetical May Morning*  (1889 books, 2018)
* *Messages to Federico*  (1889 books, 2018)

## Other works

* *Headlong into Pennilessness*  (ACM Retro, 2011)
* *Great Works: Encounters with Art*  (Prestel, 2016)
* *Playing Out in the Wireless Days*  (1889 Books, 2017)
* *111 Places in Sheffield You Should Not Miss*  (Emons, 2017)
* *Late Days*  (1889 Books, 2018)


title: WMGZ

abstract: WMGZ is a radio station broadcasting a classic hits format. Licensed to Eatonton, Georgia, United States. The station is currently owned by Southern Stone Broadcasting, Inc. In March 2010, Z97 abandoned the ABC Radio format in order to provide a local radio format. Z97 featured local DJs on the air weekdays, 6am until 10pm.

text:
# WMGZ

**WMGZ** (97.7 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a classic hits format. Licensed to Eatonton, Georgia, United States. The station is currently owned by Southern Stone Broadcasting, Inc.

In March 2010, Z97 abandoned the ABC Radio format in order to provide a local radio format. Z97 featured local DJs on the air weekdays, 6am until 10pm.

## History

The station was assigned the call letters WDJJ on 1987-04-14. On 1987-12-17, the station changed its call sign to WSKS then on 1993-07-22 to the current WMGZ.

On July 5, 2016, WMGZ changed their format from hot adult contemporary to classic hits, branded as "97 Big FM".

On February 23, 2017, WMGZ began transmitting from their upgraded facilities in Lexington, Georgia.

## InfoBox

WMGZ
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Broadcast area | Lake Oconee/Lake Sinclair |
| Frequency | 97.7 MHz |
| Branding | *97 Big FM* |
| Programming | |
| Format | Classic hits |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Southern Stone Broadcasting, Inc. |
| Sister stations | WDDK |
| History | |
| First air date | 1987 (as WDJJ) |
| Former call signs | WDJJ (1987)<br>WSKS (1987–1993) |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 41993 |
| Class | C1 |
| ERP | 100,000 watts |
| HAAT | 207 meters |
| Transmitter coordinates | 33°50′56.50″N 82°46′28.53″W / 33.8490278°N 82.7745917°W / 33.8490278; -82.7745917 |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Website | 97bigfm.com |


title: Gavin Royfee

abstract: Gavin Ernest Royfee was a New Zealand cricketer who played three matches of first-class cricket for Canterbury in the 1952–53 season. An opening batsman, Gavin Royfee scored 41 and 15 on his first-class debut against Auckland, but was unsuccessful in his next two matches. He played for 16 years for Lancaster Park-Woolston in the Christchurch competition, scoring more than 4000 runs. Royfee attended Cathedral Grammar School in Christchurch, and later returned to the school to work as its bursar. He died at his home in the Christchurch suburb of Spreydon in July 2023, aged 94.

text:
# Gavin Royfee

**Gavin Ernest Royfee** (20 February 1929 – 10 July 2023) was a New Zealand cricketer who played three matches of first-class cricket for Canterbury in the 1952–53 season.

An opening batsman, Gavin Royfee scored 41 and 15 on his first-class debut against Auckland, but was unsuccessful in his next two matches. He played for 16 years for Lancaster Park-Woolston in the Christchurch competition, scoring more than 4000 runs.

Royfee attended Cathedral Grammar School in Christchurch, and later returned to the school to work as its bursar. He died at his home in the Christchurch suburb of Spreydon in July 2023, aged 94.

## InfoBox

Gavin Royfee
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Gavin Ernest Royfee |
| Born | (1929-02-20)20 February 1929
Christchurch, New Zealand |
| Died | 10 July 2023(2023-07-10) (aged 94)
Spreydon, Christchurch, New Zealand |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1952-53 | Canterbury |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition First-class  Matches 3  Runs scored 75  Batting average 15.00  100s/50s 0/0  Top score 41  Balls bowled 0  Wickets   Bowling average   5 wickets in innings   10 wickets in match   Best bowling   Catches/stumpings 1/– | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 28 September 2019 | |


title: María Catrileo

abstract: María Catrileo Chiguailaf de Codo is a native Mapuche linguist and professor of Spanish, English and Mapudungun language. Catrileo grew up in the Mapuche community of Rangintulewfü, Boroa, Nueva Imperial. Obtaining her basic education in the community, she finished school at the Liceo de Niñas Gabriela Mistral in La Serena. Afterward, she obtained her Master of Arts in Linguistics at the University of Texas at Austin with a Fulbright grant. She married a Yoruba man from Nigeria, with whom she had Anail Rayén, and taught English and Mapudungun linguistics at the Austral University of Chile. In 1980, she began working on the Diccionario lingüístico-etnográfico de la lengua mapuche, which was published in 1995. In the late 1990s, she was a volunteer host of Wixage anai!, a Santiago-based Mapuche radio program that first aired on 26 June 1993. In 2009, Catrileo received the Provincial Prize for Conservation of National Monuments for her studies of the native Mapudungun language. Catrileo's work has focused on the phonology and morpho-syntax of the Mapudungun language and specially the verb forms. She is considered to be perhaps the only living Mapuche Indian to be a master of Spanish, English and Mapudungun. Currently, she is working at the Institute of Linguistics and Literature of the Austral University of Chile, where she holds courses in Mapudungun.

text:
# María Catrileo

**María Catrileo Chiguailaf de Codo** (born 1944, Nueva Imperial) is a native Mapuche linguist and professor of Spanish, English and Mapudungun language.

Catrileo grew up in the Mapuche community of Rangintulewfü, Boroa, Nueva Imperial. Obtaining her basic education in the community, she finished school at the Liceo de Niñas Gabriela Mistral in La Serena. Afterward, she obtained her Master of Arts in Linguistics at the University of Texas at Austin with a Fulbright grant. She married a Yoruba man from Nigeria, with whom she had Anail Rayén, and taught English and Mapudungun linguistics at the Austral University of Chile. In 1980, she began working on the *Diccionario lingüístico-etnográfico de la lengua mapuche*, which was published in 1995.

In the late 1990s, she was a volunteer host of *Wixage anai!*, a Santiago-based Mapuche radio program that first aired on 26 June 1993.

In 2009, Catrileo received the *Provincial Prize for Conservation of National Monuments* for her studies of the native Mapudungun language. Catrileo's work has focused on the phonology and morpho-syntax of the Mapudungun language and specially the verb forms. She is considered to be perhaps the only living Mapuche Indian to be a master of Spanish, English and Mapudungun. Currently, she is working at the Institute of Linguistics and Literature of the Austral University of Chile, where she holds courses in Mapudungun.

## Books

* *Mapudunguyu: curso de lengua mapuche*. Valdivia: Universidad Austral de Chile. 1988. OCLC 22154648.
* *Diccionario lingüístico-etnográfico de la lengua mapuche: mapudungun-Español-English* (1. ed.). Santiago: Editorial Andrés Bello. 1995. ISBN 978-9561-3133-61. OCLC 34878976.
* *La lengua mapuche en el siglo XXI*. Valdivia: Universidad Austral de Chile. 2010. ISBN 978-9563-3227-12. OCLC 1318507317.


title: Musikförläggarnas pris

abstract: Musikförläggarnas pris is an annual award given to Swedish songwriters, producers and lyricists. The award was created in 2003 by the Musikförläggarna music organisation in Sweden and meants to highlight Swedish music and its creators. The award ceremony is held every year at Berns Salonger in Stockholm and the prizes are made by designer Bertil Vallien.

text:
# Musikförläggarnas pris

**Musikförläggarnas pris** is an annual award given to Swedish songwriters, producers and lyricists. The award was created in 2003 by the Musikförläggarna music organisation in Sweden and meants to highlight Swedish music and its creators. The award ceremony is held every year at Berns Salonger in Stockholm and the prizes are made by designer Bertil Vallien.

## Categories

* Composer of the Year
* International Success of the Year
* Breakthrough of the Year
* Song of the Year
* Art Music Award of the Year - Large Ensemble/Opera
* Art Music Award of the Year - Small Ensemble/Chamber Music
* Scholarship Award
* Special Award of the Year
* Most Played Song of the Year

## InfoBox

| Musikförläggarnas pris | |
| --- | --- |
| Awarded for | Music achievements |
| Country | Sweden |
| First awarded | 2003 (2003) |
| Website | musikforlaggarna.se/musikforlaggarnas-pris |


title: Millikan High School

abstract: Robert A. Millikan Senior High School is a high school in Long Beach, California, United States, administered by the Long Beach Unified School District. It is located near the intersection of Spring Street and Palo Verde Avenue in the Los Altos neighborhood of East Long Beach on a 36-acre campus. Millikan High School has around 3,500 students. Millikan is an AP school and does not offer IB courses.

text:
# Millikan High School

Ethnic composition as of 2020–21
| Race and ethnicity | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Hispanic or Latino | 46.4% | 46.4 |
| Non-Hispanic White/Anglo | 32.2% | 32.2 |
| African American | 8.5% | 8.5 |
| Asian | 8.1% | 8.1 |
| Other | 3.9% | 3.9 |
| Pacific Islander | 0.8% | 0.8 |
| Native American | 0.1% | 0.1 |

**Robert A. Millikan Senior High School** is a high school in Long Beach, California, United States, administered by the Long Beach Unified School District. It is located near the intersection of Spring Street and Palo Verde Avenue in the Los Altos neighborhood of East Long Beach on a 36-acre campus. Millikan High School has around 3,500 students. Millikan is an AP school and does not offer IB courses.

## Name

Millikan High School is named after the Nobel Prize winner Robert Andrews Millikan.

## Choral music

The choral program consists of six courses: Choraleers Singers 1–2 which is a freshman girls class; Varsity Chorale 1–8, a freshman boys class; Cecillian Singers 3–8, an intermediate girls class; Concert Choir 1–8, a large, advanced, Co-Ed group of vocalists consisting of 100 singers; Vocal Point, a jazz and a cappella female group, sung on microphone; and Vocal Ensemble, the Co-Ed equivalent of Vocal Point.

## Instrumental Music

The instrumental music program consists of Gold Jazz Band, Blue Jazz Band, Symphonic Winds, Concert Band, Marching Band, Orchestra, Chamber Orchestra, and Symphonic Orchestra.

Each year the music ensembles compete in festivals throughout the United States. In recent years Millikan musicians have traveled to compete in festivals in San Francisco, San Diego, Las Vegas and Reno. In the spring of 2006, the Symphonic Orchestra performed in a national festival at the Historic Boston Symphony Hall in Boston, Massachusetts.

## Athletics

Millikan teams include Cross Country, Tennis, Badminton, Water Polo, Dance, Football, Colorguard, Golf, Surf, Marching Band, Basketball, Volleyball, Beach Volleyball, Soccer, Wrestling, Baseball, Gymnastics, Swim, Softball, Track, Water polo, Lacrosse, and Cheer Some sports are co-ed while others are not. 2018 marked the first year for a female to score a point for the Millikan Rams varsity football.

## Newspaper

Millikan's newspaper is *The* *Corydon*. It has been running since 1956.

## Notable alumni

## InfoBox

| Robert A. Millikan
Senior High School | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 2800 Snowden Avenue
Long Beach, California 90815
United States | |
| Coordinates | 33°48′28″N 118°06′38″W / 33.8078°N 118.1106°W / 33.8078; -118.1106 |
| Information | |
| Type | Public |
| Motto | *Pathway To Excellence And Integrity* |
| Established | 1956 |
| School district | Long Beach Unified School District |
| Superintendent | Dr. Jill Baker |
| Principal | Dr. Stacie Alexander |
| Teaching staff | 140 |
| Grades | 12 |
| Enrollment | 3,311 (2022–23) |
| Campus | Suburban |
| Color(s) | Blue
Gold |
| Athletics conference | Moore League |
| Mascot | Robbie and Millie Ram |
| Team name | Rams |
| Rival | Lakewood High School |
| Website |  |


title: Louis Émond

abstract: Louis Émond is a Quebec writer.

text:
# Louis Émond

**Louis Émond** (born November 9, 1969) is a Quebec writer.

## Biography

Émond was born in Lévis, Quebec, Canada and earned his International Baccalaureate at the Petit Séminaire in Quebec City, where he studied under such teachers as Monique Ségal and Albert Dallard. At this time he discovered Noam Chomsky and wrote a thesis on the social satire in *Les demis-civilisés*, the Jean-Charles Harvey novel which for a long time was banned. Accepted into the Honours Program in the Department of Physics at McGill University, he soon lost interest in his courses and instead took to spending his time in the library, where he read voraciously the works of Friedrich Nietzsche, Milan Kundera and Stéphane Mallarmé. After briefly studying political science and art history at Université de Montréal, he entered the literature program at Université Laval.

After a year, he left university life behind, finding it insufficiently challenging, and devoted himself to writing his first novel, *Le manuscrit* (The Manuscript), at age 20. It was published 12 years later, after the author had worked his way through a string of jobs, was twice involved in legal proceedings, spent a night in jail for public disorder, and was rejected by publishers no fewer than 200 times. Suddenly, after a review by Réginald Martel, the respected critic with La Presse, who wrote: "Our national literature is in need of his immense talent," Émond found himself in the media spotlight amid comparisons with Hubert Aquin and the observation that his libertine tone echoed the spirit of Denis Diderot. Thus it was that Hoc and "my character" became part of literary consciousness. He was soon awarded two Canada Council for the Arts grants. Preferring solitude to the drudgery of media commitments, he left the country when the opportunity arose, and spent two years in Southeast Asia. Upon his return, he submitted his second novel, *Le conte* (The Tale), to prolific author and publisher Victor-Lévy Beaulieu who, seeing in it shades both of Yves Thériault and Maurice Blanchot, was so taken with it that he purchased the rights to the first novel and published the new one.

Highly critical of the world of publishing, Émond wrote a short story in the form of an anonymous blog that shone a light on some of the practices engaged in by publishers in France and Quebec. In 2009 he published the text, entitled *Le sottisier de l'édition* (Publishers' Howlers), on MySpace. Then, in early 2010, out of a desire to continue breaking down the boundaries imposed by traditional publishing, he offered a temporary version of his third novel, *L'aide-mémoire* (The Mnemonic), as a free download.

## Works

On the fringes of the literary mainstream, the novels of Louis Émond are linked together by an intimate logic. They are part of a cycle, entitled *Le scripte*, which is set within an abstract geography peopled by characters who belong more to the realm of fantasy than to that of genetics and who reappear from one work to the next. They are defined primarily in relation to "my character", the narrator's double, including Hoc, who is a distorted reflection, almost a negative, of "my character". Although its manner may seem complex, the writing is precise and carefully rhymed, so that Louis Émond's novels encourage the reader to avoid being duped by the falsities of the narration. Each of his works opens up the references to a variety of other types of texts.

* His first novel, *The Manuscript* (2002), is the starting point for a meditation on the human condition which begins with the destruction of all ideals: "for a long time I thought I had to start over again, start everything over again," says the narrator. This is the story of a man endeavouring to remain objective as he contemplates the thing that preoccupies him, his own downfall, but gradually he loses the equanimity, the objectivity, the distance he had created.
* His next novel, *The Tale* (2005), tells the story of an outing in the snow which soon turns into a sort of inward road trip. The act of birth becomes a metaphor for exploring a life change that leads to doubt and a searching of the soul. Here the author examines the idea of a "profane quest for that which may appear sacred".
* His third novel, *The Aide-Memoire* (forthcoming), is closer in style to *The Manuscript* than it is to *The Tale* and brings to a conclusion the triptych formed by these three works. In it the author explores the themes of perception, violence and alienation. The novel tells of the misfortunes of a character who, ultimately, seeks to transform them into life. *The Aide-Memoire* is written using the new French spelling.

* (fr) le scripte.net, Louis Émond's official web site
* (fr) L'Île, Quebec Writers' Literary Infocentre


abstract:
This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Council at the election of 4 June 1907, up to the election of 2 June 1910. As half of the Legislative Council's terms expired at each triennial election, half of these members were elected at the 1904 triennial election with terms expiring in 1910, while the other half were elected at the 1907 triennial election with terms expiring in 1913. The Electoral Provinces Boundaries Act 1903 defined 17 Provinces with two members each for a total of 34 members.
  - Note the "Term in Office" refers to that members term(s) in the Council, not necessarily for that Province. Henry John Wrixon was President; Arthur Sachse was Chairman of Committees.
  - [a] Austin died 30 November 1909; replaced by Thomas Carthew Miners in December 1909.
  - [b] Fitzgerald died 17 August 1908; replaced by George Dickie in September 1908.

text:
# Members of the Victorian Legislative Council, 1907–1910

This is a list of **members of the Victorian Legislative Council** at the election of 4 June 1907, up to the election of 2 June 1910. As half of the Legislative Council's terms expired at each triennial election, half of these members were elected at the 1904 triennial election with terms expiring in 1910, while the other half were elected at the 1907 triennial election with terms expiring in 1913.

The Electoral Provinces Boundaries Act 1903 defined 17 Provinces with two members each for a total of 34 members.

Note the "Term in Office" refers to that members term(s) in the Council, not necessarily for that Province.

| Name | Party | Province | Expiry Due | Term in Office |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Richard Abbott |  | Northern | 1913 | 1907–1913; 1922–1928 |
| John Aikman | Nationalist | Melbourne West | 1910 | 1904–1916; 1916–1922 |
| Edwin Henry Austin \[a\] |  | Nelson | 1910 | 1906–1909 |
| William Baillieu | Liberal | Northern | 1910 | 1901–1922 |
| James Balfour |  | East Yarra | 1913 | 1874–1913 |
| Frederick Brawn | Nationalist | Wellington | 1910 | 1907–1934 |
| James Drysdale Brown | Nationalist | Nelson | 1913 | 1904–1922 |
| William Cain | Non-Labor | Melbourne | 1910 | 1903–1910 |
| James C. Campbell |  | South Eastern | 1910 | 1895–1910 |
| Edward Crooke |  | Gippsland | 1910 | 1893–1922 |
| John Mark Davies |  | Melbourne | 1913 | 1889–1895; 1899–1919 |
| William Embling | Nationalist | Southern | 1910 | 1892–1912 |
| William Edgar | non-Labor | Melbourne West | 1913 | 1904–1913; 1917–1948 |
| William Evans | Labor | Melbourne North | 1913 | 1904–1907; 1907–1914 |
| Nicholas Fitzgerald \[b\] |  | Southern | 1913 | 1864–1908 |
| Frederick Hagelthorn | Country | North Western | 1913 | 1907–1919 |
| Thomas Harwood | Nationalist | South Western | 1910 | 1899–1912 |
| Alfred Hicks | Nationalist | Bendigo | 1913 | 1904–1921 |
| Willis Little | Nationalist | North Eastern | 1913 | 1903–1916 |
| Thomas Luxton |  | Melbourne South | 1913 | 1903–1911 |
| Duncan McBryde |  | South Eastern | 1913 | 1891–1896; 1901–1919 |
| John Y. McDonald |  | Wellington | 1913 | 1898–1917 |
| Adam McLellan | Labor | Melbourne East | 1913 | 1904–1917 |
| Walter Manifold | Nationalist | Western | 1910 | 1901–1924 |
| Donald Melville |  | Melbourne North | 1910 | 1882–1919 |
| Edward Miller |  | East Yarra | 1910 | 1893–1913 |
| Thomas Payne | Nationalist | Melbourne South | 1910 | 1901–1928 |
| William Pearson Jr. |  | Gippsland | 1913 | 1896–1916 |
| William Pitt | Labor | Melbourne East | 1910 | 1891–1910 |
| Richard Rees | Country | North Western | 1910 | 1903–1919 |
| Arthur Sachse |  | North Eastern | 1910 | 1892–1920 |
| Joseph Sternberg | Nationalist | Bendigo | 1910 | 1891–1928 |
| Edward James White | Nationalist | Western | 1913 | 1907–1931 |
| Henry Wrixon | Non-Labor | South Western | 1913 | 1896–1910 |

Henry John Wrixon was President; Arthur Sachse was Chairman of Committees.

\[a\] Austin died 30 November 1909; replaced by Thomas Carthew Miners in December 1909. \[b\] Fitzgerald died 17 August 1908; replaced by George Dickie in September 1908.


title: Mary Celine Payyappilly

abstract: Mary Celine Payyappilly was a Syrian Catholic (Syro-Malabar) nun from the Indian state of Kerala. She was declared as Servant of God by Mar George Cardinal Alencherry, Major Archbishop of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church on 9 April 2018.

text:
# Mary Celine Payyappilly

**Mary Celine Payyappilly** was a Syrian Catholic (Syro-Malabar) nun from the Indian state of Kerala. She was declared as Servant of God by Mar George Cardinal Alencherry, Major Archbishop of the Syro-Malabar Catholic Church on 9 April 2018.

## Family

Mary Celine Payyappilly was born as Annakkutty Payyappilly on 10 December 1906 at Mallusserry to Payyappilly Ousep and Kochumariam. Payyappilly is an ancient Nasrani family in India believed to be baptized by Thomas the Apostle in Kottakkavu, North Paravur in the first century. The word Payyappilly, translated as "beautiful building" or "beautiful house", is derived from the Syriac ܦܐܝܐ *Payya* "beautiful, radiant" and the Malayalam word പിള്ളി *Pilly*, a variant of പള്ളി *Pally*, "church, building". Her forefather Vareed Payyappilly migrated from Paravur to Mallusserry and settled at Thattaduparambu. Hence her family is also known as Thattad Payyappilly. Mary Celine Payyappilly is the second Servant of God from Payyappilly family; the first being Mar Varghese Payyappilly, whose forefather Payyappilly Cheria Mappila migrated from Paravur to Perumanoor and founded the Palakkappilly branch of Payyappilly family.

## Life

Annakkutty Payyappilly had her schooling in the Government school at Vattapparambu and became a C.M.C. (Congregation of the Mother of Carmel) sister on 29 May 1928. Mary Celine Payyappilly started her career as a teacher at St. Joseph School, Karukutty. Later, she served as the headmistress of St. Augustine's High School, Muvattupuzha and B.T.S., Karukutty. She was elected as the Superior General of Ernakulam and Kothamangalam provinces of C.M.C. on 17 March 1963 and went on to become the first Superior General of the united C.M.C. congregation on 16 November 1963. In 1968, she was re-elected as Superior General and retired in 1974 after serving as Superior General for 11 years. It was she who built the Central House Generalate of the united C.M.C. at Thaikattukara, Aluva. She died on 23 April 1993 at Karukutty.

## Cause

The Cause of the Beatification of Mary Celine Payyappilly was initiated on 9 April 2018 by Mar George Alencherry, Major Archbishop of the Syro-Malabar Church in the presence of the bishops Mar Sebastian Adayanthrath and Mar Jose Puthenveettil.

## InfoBox

| Servant of God
Mary Celine Payyappilly
C.M.C. | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Religious | |
| Born | Annakkutty Payyappilly
(1906-12-10)10 December 1906
Mallusserry, Kerala, India |
| Died | 23 April 1993(1993-04-23) (aged 86)
Karukutty, Kerala, India |
| Venerated in | Syro-Malabar Catholic Church |


title: Michael Hornby

abstract:
Michael Charles St John Hornby was vice chairman of WHSmith, the British retail chain, for over 20 years. Michael Charles St John Hornby was the son of St John Hornby and his wife Cicely Rachel Emily Barclay. In 1934, he purchased Pusey House near Faringdon in Berkshire where he subsequently lived. He was vice chairman of WHSmith, the British retail chain from 1944 to 1965. In 1960, following the verdict in favour of Penguin Books and the subsequent publication of Lady Chatterley's Lover, Hornby commented, "It will be stocked but it will not be on display. You will have to ask for it." He married Nicolette Joan Ward, the daughter of Captain Hon. Cyril Augustus Ward and Baroness Irene de Brienen, the granddaughter of the 1st Earl of Dudley, on 15 November 1928. They lived at Pusey House, Faringdon, Berkshire, and had children:
  - Susan Mary Hornby, who married John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough in 1951. They had three children and were divorced in 1960. She married landowner Alan Cyril Heber-Percy in 1962. They had one daughter in 1968 and were later divorced. She married industrialist John Osborne Gough, MBE in 1983.
  - Sir Simon Michael Hornby (1934–2010)
  - Charles Nicholas Hornby (1939–1996) Hornby died in December 1987.

text:
# Michael Hornby

**Michael Charles St John Hornby** (2 January 1899 – 7 December 1987) was vice chairman of WHSmith, the British retail chain, for over 20 years.

Michael Charles St John Hornby was the son of St John Hornby and his wife Cicely Rachel Emily Barclay. In 1934, he purchased Pusey House near Faringdon in Berkshire (now Oxfordshire) where he subsequently lived.

He was vice chairman of WHSmith, the British retail chain from 1944 to 1965.

In 1960, following the verdict in favour of Penguin Books and the subsequent publication of *Lady Chatterley's Lover*, Hornby commented, "It will be stocked but it will not be on display. You will have to ask for it."

He married Nicolette Joan Ward (died 1988), the daughter of Captain Hon. Cyril Augustus Ward and Baroness Irene de Brienen, the granddaughter of the 1st Earl of Dudley, on 15 November 1928. They lived at Pusey House, Faringdon, Berkshire, and had children:

* Susan Mary Hornby (19 October 1929 – 27 January 2005), who married John Spencer-Churchill, 11th Duke of Marlborough in 1951. They had three children and were divorced in 1960. She married landowner Alan Cyril Heber-Percy (born 1935) in 1962. They had one daughter in 1968 and were later divorced. She married industrialist John Osborne Gough, MBE (born 1932) in 1983.
* Sir Simon Michael Hornby (1934–2010)
* Charles Nicholas Hornby (1939–1996)

Hornby died in December 1987.

## Arms

Coat of arms of Michael Hornby
| MottoCrede Cornu |
| --- |


title: WTLX

abstract: WTLX is a commercial radio station, licensed to Monona, Wisconsin and serving the Madison metropolitan area. The station is owned by Good Karma Broadcasting, LLC, and runs a sports radio format as a network affiliate of ESPN Radio, sharing most programming with Milwaukee based WKTI-FM identifying jointly on air as ESPN Wisconsin. Studios and offices were on North Pinckney Street in Madison for 5.5 years from mid-2016 to the end of 2021. Jason Wilde stated on December 21, 2021 during an episode of Wilde & Tausch that the show that day was the last show from that studio as the radio station was going to be moving to a new location. The transmitter is off Tower Road, using an antenna on the water tower at the Mendota Mental Health Institute in Madison.

text:
# WTLX

**WTLX** (100.5 FM "100.5 FM ESPN") is a commercial radio station, licensed to Monona, Wisconsin and serving the Madison metropolitan area. The station is owned by Good Karma Broadcasting, LLC, and runs a sports radio format as a network affiliate of ESPN Radio, sharing most programming with Milwaukee based WKTI-FM identifying jointly on air as ESPN Wisconsin. Studios and offices were on North Pinckney Street in Madison for 5.5 years from mid-2016 to the end of 2021. Jason Wilde stated on December 21, 2021 during an episode of Wilde & Tausch that the show that day was the last show from that studio as the radio station was going to be moving to a new location. The transmitter is off Tower Road, using an antenna on the water tower at the Mendota Mental Health Institute in Madison.

## Programming

WTLX's schedule includes programming from ESPN Radio as well as Wisconsin-based shows also airing on Milwaukee-area sister station WKTI 94.5 FM. Local programming includes *KBN* with Kyle Wallace, Ben Brust, and Brad Nortman. *Rutledge and Hamilton* with Jim Rutledge and Olympic Gold medalist Matt Hamilton, and *Wilde & Tausch*, hosted by three-time Wisconsin sportswriter of the year Jason Wilde and former Wisconsin Badger and Green Bay Packer Mark Tauscher. Weekday ESPN Radio programming on the station includes "Unsportsmanlike" with Evan Cohen, Michelle Smallmon, and Chris Canty and Greeny with Mike Greenberg. Local weekday and speciality programming includes *Wisconsin College GameDay*, Mr. Irrelevant with Alex Strouf, and Prep Mania.

Live sports programming on WTLX features Milwaukee Bucks basketball and some select local high school sports play-by-play. The station also carries national sports play-by-play from ESPN Radio, including NBA basketball, Major League Baseball, and college football.

## History

The station first signed on in 1989 as **WWAM**. In 1990 it changed call letters to **WYKY**, airing an adult contemporary music format as "Key 100.5." Then in 1998, it changed to **WTLX**, airing a "hot talk" format as "100X." The 100X schedule included the Howard Stern and Don & Mike shows, along with sports programming from Sporting News Radio and later Fox Sports Radio. By the mid-2000s, the station would morph into an all-sports format, with both national and Wisconsin-based programming. On January 1, 2009, WTLX became a network affiliate of ESPN Radio, whose programming had been airing in Madison on rival station 1070 WTSO. Along with that affiliation change, WTLX's city of license moved from Columbus, Wisconsin, 27 miles northeast of Madison, to the Madison suburb of Monona. According to Jason Wilde on an episode of Wilde & Tausch from December 21, 2021, the radio studio when he joined ESPN Madison was located on Regent Street under the Regent Apartments at 1402 Regent Street in Madison a block east of Camp Randall Stadium. The same episode of Wilde & Tausch also mentions that previous to Pinckney Street the radio studio had been located at the WISC-TV studios at 7025 Raymond Road on the southwest side of Madison. Since January of 2022, the station has operated out of the American Family Insurance SPARK Building located on E. Washington Ave in downtown Madison.

43°08′02″N 89°23′56″W / 43.134°N 89.399°W / 43.134; -89.399

## InfoBox

WTLX
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Broadcast area | Madison metropolitan area |
| Frequency | 100.5 MHz |
| Branding | *100.5 FM ESPN* |
| Programming | |
| Format | Sports |
| Affiliations | ESPN Radio
Madison Mallards
Milwaukee Bucks |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Good Karma Brands |
| Sister stations | WTMJ, WBEV, WBEV-FM, WKTI, WMVP |
| History | |
| First air date | July 16, 1990 (as WYKY) |
| Former call signs | WWAM (1989–1990)
WYKY (1990–1998) |
| Call sign meaning | From the station's previous hot ***T***a***L***k format, "100 ***X***" |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 4477 |
| Class | A |
| ERP | 6,000 watts |
| HAAT | 55 meters (180 ft) |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen Live |
| Website | espnwisconsin.com |


title: Poeciliopsis

abstract: Poeciliopsis is a genus of poeciliid fishes that primarily are native to Mexico and Central America. The only exceptions are P. turrubarensis where the range extends into Colombia, and P. occidentalis where the range extends into Arizona and New Mexico.

text:
# Poeciliopsis

***Poeciliopsis*** is a genus of poeciliid fishes that primarily are native to Mexico and Central America. The only exceptions are *P. turrubarensis* where the range extends into Colombia, and *P. occidentalis* where the range extends into Arizona and New Mexico.

## Species

There are currently 24 recognized species in this genus:

## Hybrid species

*Poeciliopsis monacha—occidentalis* is a unisexual (all female) hybridogenic lineage. It is an ancient clonal lineage that appears to be more than 100,000 generations old. The maternal ancestor was *P. monacha* and the paternal ancestor was *P. occidentalis*.

## InfoBox

| *Poeciliopsis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Gila topminnow (*P. occidentalis*) | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Cyprinodontiformes |
| Family: | Poeciliidae |
| Tribe: | Heterandriini |
| Genus: | *Poeciliopsis*
Regan, 1913 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Poecilia presidionis*
D. S. Jordan & Culver, 1895 | |


title: Vice President of Benin

abstract: The vice president of Benin is the second highest political position in Benin. The vice presidency was created by the 2019 amendments made to the Constitution of Benin. The vice president is elected concurrently with the president in direct popular elections. The vice presidency was created to ensure succession in case of a vacancy in the presidency. The vice president can have other tasks entrusted to them by the president.

text:
# Vice President of Benin

The **vice president of Benin** is the second highest political position in Benin. The vice presidency was created by the 2019 amendments made to the Constitution of Benin. The vice president is elected concurrently with the president in direct popular elections.

The vice presidency was created to ensure succession in case of a vacancy in the presidency. The vice president can have other tasks entrusted to them by the president.

## Vice presidents of Dahomey

| Image | Office holder | Took office | Left office | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Sourou-Migan Apithy | 1 August 1960 | 1963 |  |
|  | Justin Ahomadégbé-Tomêtin | January 1964 | November 1965 |  |

## Vice presidents of Benin

| Image | Office holder | Took office | Left office | President | Image | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Mariam Chabi Talata | 24 May 2021 | present | Patrice Talon |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Vice President of Benin | |
| --- | --- |
| *Vice président du Bénin* | |
| Flag of Benin | |
| Incumbent
Mariam Chabi Talata
since 24 May 2021 | |
| Appointer | Direct popular vote (two rounds if necessary) |
| Term length | 5 years |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of Benin |
| Formation | November 2019 |
| First holder | Sourou-Migan Apithy |


title: XM Radio Canada

abstract: XM Radio Canada was the operating name of Canadian Satellite Radio Holdings Inc., a Canadian communications and media company, which was incorporated in 2002 to broadcast satellite radio in Canada. Following the merger of Sirius XM Radio in the United States, XM Canada and its competitor Sirius Canada reached a deal in late 2010 to merge into SiriusXM Canada, which was approved by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission on April 11, 2011 and completed on June 21, 2011.

text:
# XM Radio Canada

**XM Radio Canada** was the operating name of **Canadian Satellite Radio Holdings Inc.** (or **CSR**), a Canadian communications and media company, which was incorporated in 2002 to broadcast satellite radio in Canada. Following the merger of Sirius XM Radio in the United States, XM Canada and its competitor Sirius Canada reached a deal in late 2010 to merge into SiriusXM Canada, which was approved by the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission on April 11, 2011 and completed on June 21, 2011.

## History

On August 19, 2003, Canadian Satellite Radio Holdings Inc., the parent company of CSR, filed its initial application to the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) for a broadcast licence to provide subscription based digital radio service in Canada. In June 2005, the CRTC awarded the company a six-year licence to commence broadcasting in Canada. XM Radio Canada started transmissions across Canada on November 22, 2005, and launched officially on December 1, 2005. Clear Channel's channels were eliminated from XM Radio Canada on April 17, 2006. On April 1, 2007, XM Radio Canada began simulcasting the U.S. service, with the exception of Clear Channel's channels. On November 30, 2007, XM Radio Canada announced that they have over 350,000 subscribers. The Best Of Sirius package (NFL, NASCAR, Howard 100, Howard 101) was not included on XM Radio Canada's offerings in September 2008, even though the Sirius channels were poured to XM Radio Canada during the merger of XM and Sirius channels on November 12, 2008.

On November 24, 2010, CSR announced that it has proposed an all-stock merger with its competitor, Sirius Canada, subject to approval by shareholders and the CRTC. The CRTC approved the merger on April 11, 2011.

## Corporate Structure

XM Radio Canada is a wholly owned subsidiary of Canadian Satellite Radio Holdings Inc. (CSR Holdings). CSR Holdings is a publicly traded company on the TSX Exchange. The executive chairman and founder is John Bitove, a Canadian businessman, who owns 58% of CSR Holdings, while the American company Sirius XM owns 23% of CSR Holdings. The remaining 19% forms the publicly traded float on the TSX stock exchange. XMSR granted an exclusive 15 year licence (including a 5-year renewal) to XM Radio Canada to broadcast and distribute its content and to use its XM brand name.

XM Radio Canada has strategic alliances with Corus Entertainment, Telesat Canada, General Motors, Honda, Toyota, Nissan, Telus, Rogers Communications and Air Canada.

## XM Radio Canada Content

XM Radio Canada offers listeners 130 channels, including 100% commercial-free music as well as news, talk, sports and children's programming across Canada via satellite. XM Radio Canada also offers every NHL hockey game, as it is the exclusive broadcaster of the NHL games starting in the 2007-2008 season. As of September 2007, XM Radio Canada now offers every Major League Baseball game, the IRL, select college sports, and the PGA Tour Network along with the NHL. The company programs, produces, and distributes thirteen new Canadian channels (eight in English and five in French) with formats such as music, sports, comedy, and news, in addition to the existing XM service. XM Radio Canada uses the existing 2 XM satellites: Rhythm and Blues, as well as a system of ground repeaters across Canada to broadcast a subscription radio service to Canadians. For a complete list of channels, please visit List of XM Satellite Radio channels.

XM Radio Canada currently programs the following on-air channels for XM Satellite Radio.

* **The Verge** (XM87) - New and emerging Canadian rock music. This channel sticks to the up-and-coming talent and does not play the more established Canadian rock artists. Broadcast in (in English).
* **Air Musique** (XM88) - New and emerging music. Broadcast in (in French).
* **Sur La Route** (XM89) - Pop hits. Broadcast in (in French).
* **XM Scoreboard** (XM95) - Channel for sports news, scores and schedules on a tightly structured 10-minute newswheel. Broadcast in (in English).
* **Canada 360** (XM96) - Looping news and information reel that covers news, business, and other forms of information for Canada. Broadcast in (in English).
* **Calendrier Sportif** (XM97) - Sports information channel. Broadcast in (in French).
* **Quoi de Neuf** (XM125) - Looping reel that covers art and entertainment news and information as well as news, business, and other forms of information for Canada. Broadcast in (in French).
* **Laugh Attack** (XM153) - Canadian stand-up and comedy routines. Like XM's now-defunct XM Comedy and the succeeding Raw Dog Comedy, this channel is completely uncensored. Broadcast in (in English).
* **ATN-Asian Radio** (XM159) - South Asian Programming produced by ATN. Broadcast majority in (in English).
* **Radio Parallèle** (XM172) - News, talk, information and entertainment channel that features Jeff Fillion's show. Broadcast in (in French).
* **MLB Home Plate Info** (XM179) - Major League Baseball information, scores, updates and short specials are produced for this channel, and loop on the other MLB play-by-play channels occasionally when out of service. Broadcast in (in English).
* **NHL Home Ice** (XM204) - National Hockey League talk and play by play. Features hockey talk and programming in the daytime hours and games in the nighttime hours. XM Radio is the exclusive broadcaster of the NHL. Broadcast in (in English).
* **NHL Play-by-Play** (XM205-209) - National Hockey League play by play. These channels are programmed and scheduled by XM Radio Canada. XM Radio Canada also produces special content for the channels during their downtime, as well as sports updates, known as **NHL Home Ice Info**. All broadcast in (in English).

## XM NavTraffic

XM Radio announced on 2007-07-30 that their XM NavTraffic added Montreal and Toronto to their list of cities that now have traffic data. Unfortunately, as of September 29, 2007, no data seems to appear for those users who have subscribed to this added feature. By calling XM Radio, you can leave a contact phone number to be notified when service is available.

## InfoBox

Canadian Satellite Radio Holdings Inc.
|
|  |
| Company type | Public |
| Traded as | TSX: XSR |
| Industry | Broadcasting |
| Founded | 2002 (2002) |
| Defunct | June 21, 2011 (2011-06-21) |
| Fate | Merged with Sirius Canada |
| Successor | Sirius XM Canada |
| Headquarters | Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Products | Satellite radio |
| Revenue | $53,000,000 estimated |
| Net income | $10,000,000 estimated |
| Number of employees | 75 |
| Website | www.xmradio.ca<br>www.cdnsatrad.com |


title: Millikan Way station

abstract: Millikan Way is a light rail station on the MAX Blue and Red lines in Beaverton, Oregon. It is the 8th stop westbound on the Westside MAX. The station is located in the southern central part of the Tektronix Howard Vollum Campus. Other nearby business parks offer shuttle service to this station. One bus line serves this station and provides service to Washington Square Transit Center and Sunset Transit Center.

text:
# Millikan Way station

**Millikan Way** is a light rail station on the MAX Blue and Red lines in Beaverton, Oregon. It is the 8th stop westbound on the Westside MAX.

The station is located in the southern central part of the Tektronix Howard Vollum Campus. Other nearby business parks offer shuttle service to this station. One bus line serves this station and provides service to Washington Square Transit Center and Sunset Transit Center.

## Bus line connections

This station is served by the following bus line:

* 62 – Murray Blvd

## InfoBox

| Millikan Way | |
| --- | --- |
| MAX Light Rail station | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | SW Millikan Way & 141st Ave
Beaverton, Oregon
USA |
| Coordinates | 45°29′43″N 122°49′17″W / 45.49528°N 122.82139°W / 45.49528; -122.82139 |
| Owned by | TriMet |
| Platforms | 2 side platforms |
| Tracks | 2 |
| Connections | **TriMet:** 62 |
| Construction | |
| Parking | 400 park and ride spaces |
| Bicycle facilities | Racks and lockers |
| Accessible | Yes |
| History | |
| Opened | September 12, 1998 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  TriMet Following station  Beaverton Creektowards Hatfield Government Center  Blue Line  Beaverton Centraltowards Cleveland Avenue  Beaverton Creektowards Hillsboro Airport/Fairgrounds  Red Line  Beaverton Centraltowards Portland Airport | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | |


title: 1917 Maine Black Bears football team

abstract: The 1917 Maine Black Bears football team was an American football team that represented the University of Maine during the 1917 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Thomas A. McCann, the team compiled a 1–3 record. Thomas Davis was the team captain.

text:
# 1917 Maine Black Bears football team

The **1917 Maine Black Bears football team** was an American football team that represented the University of Maine during the 1917 college football season. In its first and only season under head coach Thomas A. McCann, the team compiled a 1–3 record. Thomas Davis was the team captain.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Attendance | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| October 13 | Maine Heavy Field Artillery* |  | L 6–27 |  |  |
| October 20 | Bates | * Alumni Field * Orono, ME | L 0–6 |  |  |
| November 3 | at Bowdoin |  | W 14–0 |  |  |
| November 10 | at New Hampshire* |  | L 0–27 | 2,000+ |  |
| * \*Non-conference game | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1917 Maine Black Bears football | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conference | Maine Intercollegiate Athletic Association |
| Record | 1–3 (1–1 MIAA) |
| Head coach |  |
| Captain | Thomas Davis |
| Home stadium | Alumni Field |
|