title: Mattie Blaylock

abstract: Celia Ann "Mattie" Blaylock was a prostitute who became the romantic companion and common-law wife of Old West lawman and gambler Wyatt Earp for about six years. Knowledge of her place in Wyatt's life was concealed by Josephine Earp, his later common-law wife, who worked ceaselessly to protect her and Wyatt's reputation in their later years. Blaylock's relationship with Earp was rediscovered by Earp researcher John Gilchriese and author Frank Waters in the 1950s, when they uncovered a coroner's report for "Mattie Earp", and a deathbed conversation in which she told someone, "Wyatt Earp had ruined my life."

text:
# Mattie Blaylock

**Celia Ann "Mattie" Blaylock** (January 1850 – July 3, 1888) was a prostitute who became the romantic companion and common-law wife of Old West lawman and gambler Wyatt Earp for about six years. Knowledge of her place in Wyatt's life was concealed by Josephine Earp, his later common-law wife, who worked ceaselessly to protect her and Wyatt's reputation in their later years. Blaylock's relationship with Earp was rediscovered by Earp researcher John Gilchriese and author Frank Waters in the 1950s, when they uncovered a coroner's report for "Mattie Earp", and a deathbed conversation in which she told someone, "Wyatt Earp had ruined my life."

## Early life

Mattie was born Celia Ann Blaylock in Monroe Township, Johnson County, Iowa, near Fairfax, Iowa, to Henry Blaylock and Elizabeth "Betsy" Vance. She was their third child and second daughter. The family lived on a small farm that Henry had obtained in 1846. Henry and his wife were stern parents and adhered to the principle, "spare the rod and spoil the child," and "children should be seen and not heard."

Celia, or "Celie" as she was known as a child, attended Sunday school, learned Biblical parables, and was taught to live by the Ten Commandments. When her older sister Martha Jane was 17, she married Charles Probst on July 1, 1870. Celia had no desire to live on a farm for the rest of her life.

## Runs away

In mid-1868, Celia ran away with her younger sister Sarah to avoid farm life. Celia was a reasonably skilled seamstress and may have sought work in that field, but both girls found life on their own very difficult. There were few employment possibilities for young girls. They likely headed west to one of the growing towns along the Kansas-Iowa-Missouri border area. Sarah returned home less than a year later, chagrined and shamed by her experience. Her parents greeted her cheerlessly and took her back in disgrace.

At some point after leaving home, Celia chose the alias "Mattie", probably in an effort to conceal her identity and remain as anonymous as possible. However, court records indicate that she continued to call herself by her childhood nickname of "Celie", which was often phonetically spelled by court clerks as "Sally"; no court records have been found throughout her life using the name "Mattie". The first known record of Mattie's presence is a picture taken in Fort Scott in 1871. It's not known where she and Sarah spent the intervening time. Court records show that she became a prostitute beginning in 1872 in Fort Scott, then later in Dodge City.

## Meets Wyatt Earp

Mattie Blaylock began a relationship with Earp after April 1876 in Dodge City, following his departure from Wichita, Kansas and the end of his relationship with Sally Heckell, who called herself Sally Earp. Earp was appointed assistant marshal in Dodge City under Marshal Lawrence Deger around May 1876. Blaylock continued to work as a prostitute. Earp resigned from the Dodge City police force on September 9, 1879, and traveled to Las Vegas, New Mexico Territory with Blaylock, his brother Jim, and Jim's wife Bessie. There they reunited with Holliday and Big Nose Kate. The six friends traveled to Prescott, Arizona. Then Blaylock and Earp stopped in the booming silver town of Pinal City, Arizona Territory, for two months in 1879. Wyatt, Virgil, and James Earp with their wives arrived in Tombstone on December 1, 1879. In the 1880 United States Census of Tombstone, Blaylock is listed as Wyatt's wife though there is no record of a legal marriage.

Blaylock suffered from severe headaches and while in Tombstone, Arizona she became addicted to laudanum, a then-common opiate and pain killer. It is not known exactly when Earp and Blaylock ended their relationship. Tombstone diarist George W. Parsons never mentioned seeing Earp and his next common-law wife, Josephine "Sadie" Marcus, together and neither did John Clum in his memoirs. Frank Waters wrote in *The Earp Brothers of Tombstone* of public fights between Sadie Marcus and Blaylock and how the affair was a public scandal. However, Waters' book has been criticized as biased for its negative portrayal of Wyatt Earp and for including details not mentioned in the original manuscript by Allie Earp (the common-law wife of Wyatt Earp's brother Virgil).

After the Gunfight at the O.K. Corral and the March 18, 1882, assassination of Morgan Earp, Wyatt Earp, his youngest brother Warren, and a posse of other deputies began a vendetta. They hunted down some of the outlaw Cochise County Cowboys they believed responsible for maiming Virgil Earp and killing Morgan. In early April, Wyatt left Arizona for New Mexico and then Colorado.

Blaylock left Tombstone with other Earp family members for Colton, California. She apparently expected to receive a telegram from Earp telling her where to meet him, but it never arrived. Instead, Earp left Colorado in late 1882 and arrived in San Francisco where Virgil was seeking treatment for his arm. Wyatt began a relationship with Josephine "Sadie" Marcus, who had during 1880-81 been in a relationship with Johnny Behan in Tombstone. Blaylock left Colton and returned to Pinal City, but the silver boom had died out and the bulk of the town's population had moved on. Blaylock planned to return to sex work in Pinal City, but with most of the prospective clientele gone with the silver, making a living there proved difficult.

## Death

GravesiteDeath record

On July 3, 1888, Blaylock took a lethal dose of laudanum and alcohol. Her death was ruled as "suicide by opium poisoning". She had been using laudanum and alcohol to excess for some time. It is possible she overdosed by accident and died of respiratory depression. The coroner's report of her death was brief. She is buried in the cemetery at Pinal City, now a ghost town, located just west of the former mining town of Superior, Arizona.

Mattie Blaylock was portrayed by Dana Wheeler-Nicholson in the 1993 film *Tombstone.* She was played by Mare Winningham in the 1994 film *Wyatt Earp.*

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Mattie Blaylock | |
| --- | --- |
| Mattie Blaylock | |
| Born | Celia Ann Blaylock
1850
Johnson County, Iowa |
| Died | July 3, 1888(1888-07-03) (aged 37–38)
Pinal City, Arizona |
| Cause of death | Suicide by poisoning |
| Other names | Celie |
| Occupation | Prostitute |
| Years active | 1873–1888 |
| Spouse | Wyatt Earp (common-law husband) |


title: Marie-Christine Duroy

abstract: Marie-Christine Duroy is a French equestrian. She competed at the 1984, 1988, 1992 and the 1996 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Marie-Christine Duroy

**Marie-Christine Duroy** (born 27 March 1957) is a French equestrian. She competed at the 1984, 1988, 1992 and the 1996 Summer Olympics.

## What does Marie-Christine Duroy do?

Marie-Christine Duroy does Team and Individual Eventing

## InfoBox

Marie-Christine Duroy
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | French |
| Born | (1957-03-27) 27 March 1957<br>Besançon, France |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Equestrian |
| Medal record      Equestrian  Representing  France  World Championships  1986 Gawler Team eventing  1994 The Hague Team eventing  1998 Rome Team eventing  European Championships  1985 Burghley Team eventing  1995 Pratoni del Vivaro Individual eventing  1983 Frauenfeld Team eventing  1997 Burghley Team eventing | |


title: List of places in New York: B

text:
# List of places in New York: B

## Ba...

| Name of place | Type of place | County | Zip code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Babcock Hill |  | Oneida | 13318 |
| Babcock Lake |  | Rensselaer | 12138 |
| Babylon | Town | Suffolk | 11702  11704 |
| Babylon | Village | Suffolk | 11702  11704 |
| Backus |  | St. Lawrence |  |
| Bacon Hill |  | Saratoga | 12871 |
| Bagdad |  | Erie |  |
| Baggs Corner |  | Jefferson | 13601 |
| Bailey |  | Monroe |  |
| Baileys Gap |  | Ulster |  |
| Baileys Settlement |  | Onondaga |  |
| Baileytown |  | Orange |  |
| Baileyville |  | Orange |  |
| Bainbridge | Town | Chenango | 13733 |
| Bainbridge | Village | Chenango | 13733 |
| Bains Corner |  | Dutchess |  |
| Baird Corners |  | Onondaga |  |
| Baiting Hollow | Hamlet/CDP | Suffolk | 11933 |
| Baker |  | Livingston |  |
| Baker Corners |  | Herkimer |  |
| Bakers Mills |  | Warren | 12811 |
| Bakerstand |  | Cattaraugus | 14101 |
| Bakertown |  | Warren |  |
| Balcom |  | Chautauqua | 14138 |
| Balcom Beach |  | Allegany | 14777 |
| Balcom Corners |  | Chautauqua |  |
| Bald Mountain |  | Washington | 12834 |
| Baldwin | Town | Chemung |  |
| Baldwin |  | Essex |  |
| Baldwin | Hamlet/CDP | Nassau | 11510 |
| Baldwin Corner |  | Orleans |  |
| Baldwin Harbor | CDP | Nassau | 11510 |
| Baldwin Heights |  | Cattaraugus | 14760 |
| Baldwin Place |  | Westchester | 10505 |
| Baldwinsville | Village | Onondaga | 13027 |
| Ballard Corners |  | Saratoga |  |
| Ballina |  | Madison | 13035 |
| Ballston | Town | Saratoga |  |
| Ballston Center |  | Saratoga | 12020 |
| Ballston Lake |  | Saratoga | 12019 |
| Ballston Spa | Village | Saratoga | 12020 |
| Balltown |  | Chautauqua | 14062 |
| Balmat |  | St. Lawrence | 13609 |
| Balmville | Hamlet/CDP | Orange | 12550 |
| Baltimore |  | Cortland |  |
| B and O Junction |  | Genesee |  |
| Bangall |  | Dutchess | 12506 |
| Bangall |  | Onondaga |  |
| Bangor | Town | Franklin | 12966 |
| Bangor Station |  | Franklin | 12966 |
| Bank Plaza |  | Nassau | 11566 |
| Banksville |  | Westchester | 10506 |
| Baptist Corners |  | Cayuga |  |
| Barberville |  | Rensselaer |  |
| Barbourville |  | Delaware | 13754 |
| Barcelona |  | Chautauqua | 14787 |
| Barclay Heights |  | Ulster | 12477 |
| Bardeen Corners |  | Oswego |  |
| Bardonia | Hamlet/CDP | Rockland | 10954 |
| Barker | Town | Broome |  |
| Barker | Village | Niagara | 14012 |
| Barkers Grove |  | Washington | 12154 |
| Barkersville |  | Saratoga | 12850 |
| Barkertown |  | Livingston | 14836 |
| Barleytown |  | Orange |  |
| Barnard |  | Monroe |  |
| Barnegat |  | Dutchess |  |
| Barnerville |  | Schoharie | 12092 |
| Barnes Corners |  | Lewis | 13610 |
| Barnes Hole |  | Suffolk | 11930 |
| Barnes Landing |  | Suffolk |  |
| Barneveld | Village | Oneida | 13304 |
| Barney Mills |  | Steuben |  |
| Barnum |  | Cattaraugus |  |
| Barnum Corners |  | Putnam |  |
| Barnum Island | CDP | Nassau | 11558 |
| Barre | Town | Orleans |  |
| Barre Center |  | Orleans | 14411 |
| Barrett Corners |  | Otsego |  |
| Barrington | Town | Yates |  |
| Barrytown |  | Dutchess | 12507 |
| Barryville |  | Sullivan | 12719 |
| Bartlett |  | Oneida | 13440 |
| Bartlett Corners |  | Monroe | 14468 |
| Bartlett Hollow |  | Delaware | 13775 |
| Barton | Town | Tioga | 13734 |
| Baruch |  | New York |  |
| Basket |  | Sullivan | 12760 |
| Basom |  | Genesee | 14013 |
| Batavia | City | Genesee | 14020 |
| Batavia | Town | Genesee | 14020 |
| Batchellerville |  | Saratoga | 12134 |
| Bates |  | Chautauqua |  |
| Bates |  | Schoharie | 12469 |
| Bath | Town | Steuben | 14810 |
| Bath | Village | Steuben | 14810 |
| Bath Beach |  | Kings | 11214 |
| Battenville |  | Washington | 12834 |
| Baxter Estates | Village | Nassau | 11050 |
| Bay |  | Kings | 11235 |
| Bayberry |  | Onondaga | 13088 |
| Bayberry Dunes |  | Suffolk | 11728 |
| Bayberry-Lynelle Meadows |  | Onondaga |  |
| Bayberry Park |  | Westchester | 10804 |
| Baychester |  | Bronx | 10469 |
| Bay Colony |  | Nassau | 11510 |
| Bay Park |  | Nassau | 11518 |
| Bay Point |  | Suffolk | 11963 |
| Bay Pond |  | Franklin |  |
| Bayport | CDP | Suffolk | 11705 |
| Bay Ridge | Neighborhood | Kings | 11220 |
| Bay Shore | Hamlet/CDP | Suffolk | 11706 |
| Bay Shores |  | Onondaga | 13110 |
| Bayside | Neighborhood | Queens | 11360 |
| Bay Terrace |  | Queens | 11360 |
| Bay Terrace |  | Richmond | 10306 |
| Bayview |  | Chautauqua |  |
| Bay View |  | Erie | 14075 |
| Bay View |  | Kings | 11236 |
| Bay View |  | Monroe | 14617 |
| Bayview |  | Suffolk | 11971 |
| Bayville | Village | Nassau | 11709 |
| Baywood | Hamlet/CDP | Suffolk |  |

## Be...

| Name of place | Type of place | County | Zip code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Beach Hampton |  | Suffolk | 11930 |
| Beach Ridge |  | Niagara | 14120 |
| Beachville |  | Steuben | 14807 |
| Beachwood |  | Chautauqua | 14750 |
| Beacon | City | Dutchess | 12508 |
| Beacon Hill |  | Dutchess | 12508 |
| Beantown |  | Chemung | 14859 |
| Bear Creek |  | Wayne |  |
| Beards Hollow |  | Schoharie | 12149 |
| Bear Mountain |  | Rockland | 10911 |
| Bearsville |  | Ulster | 12409 |
| Beartown |  | Clinton |  |
| Beartown |  | Oneida |  |
| Beartown |  | Warren |  |
| Beaver Brook |  | Sullivan | 12764 |
| Beaver Dam |  | Schuyler |  |
| Beaver Dam Lake |  | Orange | 12550 |
| Beaver Dams |  | Schuyler | 14812 |
| Beaver Falls | Hamlet | Lewis | 13305 |
| Beaverkill |  | Sullivan | 12758 |
| Beaver Meadow |  | Chenango | 13832 |
| Beaver River |  | Herkimer | 13367 |
| Beckers Corners |  | Albany | 12158 |
| Becks Grove |  | Oneida | 13440 |
| Bedell |  | Delaware | 12430 |
| Bedford | Town | Westchester | 10506 |
| Bedford Corners |  | Cattaraugus |  |
| Bedford Hills | Hamlet | Westchester | 10507 |
| Bedford Park | Neighborhood | Bronx |  |
| Bedford-Stuyvesant | Neighborhood | Kings | 11233 |
| Beechertown |  | St. Lawrence | 13697 |
| Beecherville |  | Oswego |  |
| Beechford |  | Ulster |  |
| Beech Hill |  | Westchester |  |
| Beechhurst |  | Queens | 11357 |
| Beechmont |  | Westchester | 10801 |
| Beechmont |  | Westchester | 10804 |
| Beechmont Woods |  | Westchester | 10804 |
| Beechurst |  | Queens | 11357 |
| Beechwood |  | Monroe | 14609 |
| Beehive Crossing |  | Rensselaer | 12090 |
| Beekman | Town | Dutchess |  |
| Beekman | Hamlet | Dutchess |  |
| Beekman Corners |  | Schoharie | 13459 |
| Beekmantown | Town | Clinton | 12901 |
| Beekmantown | Hamlet | Clinton |  |
| Beerston |  | Delaware |  |
| Beixedon Estates |  | Suffolk | 11971 |
| Belair Road |  | Richmond | 10305 |
| Belcher |  | Washington | 12865 |
| Belcoda |  | Monroe | 14546 |
| Belden |  | Broome | 13787 |
| Belfast | Town | Allegany | 14711 |
| Belfast | Hamlet | Allegany | 14711 |
| Belfort |  | Lewis | 13327 |
| Belgium |  | Onondaga | 13027 |
| Bellaire |  | Queens |  |
| Belle Ayr |  | Ulster |  |
| Belle Harbor |  | Queens |  |
| Belle Isle |  | Onondaga | 13164 |
| Bellerose | Village | Nassau | 11426 |
| Bellerose | Neighborhood | Queens | 11426 |
| Bellerose Terrace | Hamlet/CDP | Nassau | 11426 |
| Belle Terre | Village | Suffolk | 11777 |
| Belleview |  | Chautauqua |  |
| Belleville |  | Jefferson | 13611 |
| Bellevue |  | Erie | 14225 |
| Bellevue |  | Schenectady | 12306 |
| Bellmont | Town | Franklin |  |
| Bellmont Center |  | Franklin | 12920 |
| Bellmore | Hamlet/CDP | Nassau | 11710 |
| Bellona |  | Yates | 14527 |
| Bellona |  | Yates | 14415 |
| Bellport | Village | Suffolk | 11713 |
| Belltown |  | Cayuga |  |
| Bellvale |  | Orange | 10912 |
| Bellview Beach |  | Suffolk |  |
| Bellville |  | Allegany | 14717 |
| Bellwood |  | Lewis | 13367 |
| Belmont | Village | Allegany | 14813 |
| Belvidere |  | Allegany | 14813 |
| Bemis Heights |  | Saratoga | 12170 |
| Bemus Point | Village | Chautauqua | 14712 |
| Benedict |  | Fulton |  |
| Benedict Beach |  | Monroe | 14464 |
| Bennets |  | Steuben | 14823 |
| Bennett Bridge |  | Oswego | 13302 |
| Bennetts |  | Allegany |  |
| Bennettsburg |  | Schuyler | 14818 |
| Bennetts Corners |  | Madison | 13421 |
| Bennetts Corners |  | Onondaga |  |
| Bennetts Corners |  | Orleans |  |
| Bennettsville |  | Chenango | 13733 |
| Bennington | Town | Wyoming | 14011 |
| Benson | Town | Hamilton | 12134 |
| Benson | Hamlet | Hamilton | 12134 |
| Bensonhurst | Neighborhood | Kings |  |
| Benson Mines |  | St. Lawrence | 13690 |
| Bentleys Corners |  | Jefferson |  |
| Benton | Town | Yates |  |
| Benton | Hamlet | Yates |  |
| Benton Center |  | Yates | 14527 |
| Benton Corners |  | Ulster |  |
| Berea |  | Orange | 12549 |
| Bergen | Town | Genesee | 14416 |
| Bergen | Village | Genesee |  |
| Bergen Beach |  | Kings |  |
| Bergen Beach |  | Seneca | 14847 |
| Bergen Park |  | Suffolk | 11746 |
| Bergholtz |  | Niagara | 14304 |
| Berkshire |  | Fulton | 12078 |
| Berkshire |  | Onondaga | 13066 |
| Berkshire | Town | Tioga | 13736 |
| Berkshire | Hamlet | Tioga |  |
| Berkshire Association |  | Onondaga |  |
| Berkshire Terrace |  | Putnam | 10512 |
| Berlin | Town | Rensselaer | 12022 |
| Berlin | Hamlet | Rensselaer | 12022 |
| Berne | Town | Albany | 12023 |
| Berne | Hamlet | Albany | 12023 |
| Bernhards Bay |  | Oswego | 13028 |
| Berryville |  | Montgomery |  |
| Berwyn |  | Onondaga | 13084 |
| Besemer |  | Tompkins |  |
| Best |  | Rensselaer | 12018 |
| Bethany | Town | Genesee | 14054 |
| Bethany Center | Hamlet | Genesee | 14054 |
| Bethel |  | Dutchess | 12567 |
| Bethel | Town | Sullivan | 12720 |
| Bethel | Hamlet | Sullivan |  |
| Bethel Corners |  | Cayuga | 13111 |
| Bethel Corners |  | Oswego |  |
| Bethel Grove |  | Tompkins | 14850 |
| Bethford |  | Erie | 14225 |
| Bethlehem | Town | Albany |  |
| Bethlehem Center | Hamlet | Albany | 12077 |
| Bethlehem Heights | Location | Albany | 12161 |
| Bethpage | Hamlet/CDP | Nassau | 11714 |
| Bettsburg |  | Chenango |  |
| Beukendaal |  | Schenectady | 12302 |
| Beulah |  | Monroe |  |
| Beverly Inn Corners |  | Otsego | 13315 |
| Beyers Corners |  | Fulton |  |

## Bi...

| Name of place | Type of place | County | Zip code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bible School Park |  | Broome | 13737 |
| Bidwell |  | Erie | 14222 |
| Big Bay |  | Oswego |  |
| Big Bend | Location | Onondaga |  |
| Big Brook |  | Oneida | 13486 |
| Big Creek |  | Steuben |  |
| Bigelow |  | St. Lawrence |  |
| Big Flats | town | Chemung | 14814 |
| Big Flats | CDP | Chemung |  |
| Big Flats Airport | CDP | Chemung |  |
| Big Hollow |  | Warren |  |
| Big Indian |  | Ulster | 12410 |
| Big Island |  | Orange | 10924 |
| Big Moose |  | Herkimer | 13331 |
| Big Tree |  | Erie | 14225 |
| Big Wolf Lake |  | Franklin | 12986 |
| Billings |  | Dutchess | 12510 |
| Billington Bay |  | Madison | 13030 |
| Billington Heights | Hamlet/CDP | Erie | 14052 |
| Billsboro |  | Ontario |  |
| Billsboro Corners |  | Ontario |  |
| Biltmore Shores |  | Nassau | 11758 |
| Bingham Mills |  | Columbia |  |
| Binghamton | City | Broome | 13901 - 13999 |
| Binghamton State Hospital |  | Broome |  |
| Bingley |  | Madison | 13035 |
| Binnewater |  | Ulster | 12401 |
| Birchton |  | Saratoga |  |
| Birchwood |  | Nassau |  |
| Bird |  | Cattaraugus | 14101 |
| Birdsall | Town | Allegany | 14709 |
| Birmingham Corners |  | Herkimer |  |
| Bishas Mill |  | Jefferson |  |
| Bishop Street |  | Jefferson | 13605 |
| Bishopville |  | Allegany | 14807 |

## Bl...

| Name of place | Type of place | County | Zip code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Blackbridge |  | Hamilton |  |
| Black Brook | Town | Clinton | 12912 |
| Black Brook | Hamlet | Clinton |  |
| Black Corners |  | Chautauqua |  |
| Black Creek | Hamlet | Allegany | 14714 |
| Black Lake |  | Sullivan |  |
| Blackmans Corners |  | Clinton | 12959 |
| Blackmans Corners |  | Oneida |  |
| Black River | Village | Jefferson | 13612 |
| Black Rock |  | Cayuga |  |
| Black Rock (City of Buffalo) | Neighborhood | Erie |  |
| Blackwatch Hills |  | Monroe | 14450 |
| Blairville |  | Niagara |  |
| Blakeley |  | Erie | 14052 |
| Blakeslee |  | Madison |  |
| Blasdell | Village | Erie | 14219 |
| Blatchley |  | Broome |  |
| Blauvelt | Hamlet/CDP | Rockland | 10913 |
| Bleecker |  | Fulton | 12078 |
| Bleecker |  | Fulton |  |
| Bleecker Center |  | Fulton |  |
| Blenheim |  | Schoharie |  |
| Bliss |  | Wyoming | 14024 |
| Blissville |  | Queens |  |
| Blockville |  | Chautauqua | 14710 |
| Blodgett Mills |  | Cortland | 13738 |
| Bloomerville |  | Steuben |  |
| Bloomfield |  | Ontario |  |
| Bloomfield |  | Richmond | 10314 |
| Bloomfield Park |  | Oneida |  |
| Bloomingburg |  | Sullivan | 12721 |
| Bloomingburgh |  | Sullivan | 12721 |
| Bloomingdale |  | Essex | 12913 |
| Blooming Grove |  | Orange | 10914 |
| Blooming Grove |  | Orange |  |
| Bloomington |  | Ulster | 12411 |
| Bloomington-Hickory Bush |  | Ulster |  |
| Bloomville |  | Delaware | 13739 |
| Blossom |  | Erie |  |
| Blossvale |  | Oneida | 13308 |
| Blue Mountain |  | Ulster | 12477 |
| Blue Mountain Lake |  | Hamilton | 12812 |
| Blue Point |  | Suffolk | 11715 |
| Blue Ridge |  | Essex | 12870 |
| Blue Store |  | Columbia | 12526 |
| Bluff Point |  | Clinton |  |
| Bluff Point |  | Yates | 14478 |
| Blythebourne |  | Kings | 11219 |

## Bo...

| Name of place | Type of place | County | Zip code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Boardmanville |  | Cattaraugus | 14760 |
| Boght Corners |  | Albany | 12047 |
| Bohemia |  | Suffolk | 11716 |
| Boiceville |  | Ulster | 12412 |
| Bolivar |  | Allegany | 14715 |
| Bolivar |  | Allegany |  |
| Bolivar |  | Madison |  |
| Bolton |  | Warren | 12824 |
| Bolton |  | Warren |  |
| Bolton Landing |  | Warren | 12814 |
| Bolts Corners |  | Cayuga | 13147 |
| Bombay |  | Franklin | 12914 |
| Bombay |  | Franklin |  |
| Bonaparte |  | Lewis |  |
| Bonila |  | Chautauqua |  |
| Bonney |  | Chenango | 13464 |
| Bonni Castle |  | Wayne | 14590 |
| Bonnie Crest |  | Westchester |  |
| Bonny Hill |  | Steuben |  |
| Boomertown |  | Chautauqua |  |
| Boonville |  | Oneida | 13309 |
| Boonville |  | Oneida |  |
| Boquet |  | Essex | 12936 |
| Borden |  | Steuben | 14801 |
| Borden Estate |  | Ulster |  |
| Border City |  | Ontario | 14456 |
| Border City |  | Seneca | 14456 |
| Boreas River |  | Essex |  |
| Borodino |  | Onondaga | 13152 |
| Borodino Landing |  | Onondaga |  |
| Borough Hall |  | Queens | 11424 |
| Borough Park |  | Kings |  |
| Boston |  | Erie | 14025 |
| Boston |  | Erie |  |
| Boston Center |  | Erie |  |
| Boston Corner |  | Columbia | 12546 |
| Bostwick Corners |  | Tompkins |  |
| Boswell Corners |  | Ontario |  |
| Botanical |  | Bronx | 10458 |
| Botanical Gardens |  | Bronx |  |
| Bouckville |  | Madison | 13310 |
| Boughton Hill |  | Ontario | 14564 |
| Boulevard |  | Bronx | 10459 |
| Boultons Beach |  | Jefferson | 13685 |
| Bouquet |  | Essex | 12936 |
| Bournes Beach |  | Chautauqua | 14787 |
| Boutonville |  | Westchester |  |
| Bovina |  | Delaware | 13740 |
| Bovina |  | Delaware |  |
| Bovina Center |  | Delaware | 13740 |
| Bowen |  | Cattaraugus | 14772 |
| Bowens Corners |  | Oswego | 13069 |
| Bowerstown |  | Otsego | 13326 |
| Bowler |  | Allegany |  |
| Bowling Green |  | New York | 10004 |
| Bowmansville |  | Erie | 14026 |
| Boylston |  | Oswego |  |
| Boylston Center |  | Oswego | 13083 |
| Boyntonville |  | Rensselaer | 12090 |
| Boysen Bay |  | Onondaga | 13030 |

## Br...

| Name of place | Type of place | County | Zip code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Braddock Heights |  | Monroe | 14612 |
| Bradford |  | Steuben | 14815 |
| Bradford |  | Steuben |  |
| Bradford Junction |  | Cattaraugus |  |
| Bradley |  | Sullivan | 12754 |
| Bradtville |  | Fulton |  |
| Braeside |  | Rensselaer | 12123 |
| Brainard |  | Rensselaer | 12024 |
| Brainards Corners |  | Otsego | 13315 |
| Brainardsville |  | Franklin | 12915 |
| Braman Corners |  | Schenectady | 12053 |
| Bramanville |  | Schoharie | 12092 |
| Branch |  | Ulster |  |
| Branchport |  | Yates | 14418 |
| Brandon |  | Franklin |  |
| Brandon Center |  | Franklin | 12966 |
| Brandreth |  | Herkimer | 12847 |
| Brandy Brook |  | St. Lawrence |  |
| Brandywine |  | Schenectady | 12304 |
| Brant |  | Erie | 14027 |
| Brant |  | Erie |  |
| Brantingham |  | Lewis | 13312 |
| Brant Lake |  | Warren | 12815 |
| Brasher |  | St. Lawrence |  |
| Brasher Center |  | St. Lawrence | 13613 |
| Brasher Falls |  | St. Lawrence | 13613 |
| Brasher Iron Works |  | St. Lawrence | 13613 |
| Brasie Corners |  | St. Lawrence | 13642 |
| Brayton |  | Warren |  |
| Brayton Hollow |  | Franklin |  |
| Breakabeen |  | Schoharie | 12122 |
| Breesport |  | Chemung | 14816 |
| Breezy Point |  | Queens | 11697 |
| Brentwood |  | Suffolk | 11717 |
| Breukelen |  | Kings | 11236 |
| Brevoort |  | Kings | 11216 |
| Brewerton |  | Onondaga & Oswego | 13029 |
| Brewster |  | Putnam | 10509 |
| Brewster Heights |  | Putnam | 10509 |
| Brewster Hill |  | Putnam | 10509 |
| Briarcliff Manor |  | Westchester | 10510 |
| Briar Park |  | Nassau | 11793 |
| Brick House Corners |  | Genesee |  |
| Brick Tavern |  | Columbia |  |
| Bridge |  | Niagara | 14305 |
| Bridgehampton |  | Suffolk | 11932 |
| Bridgeport |  | Madison & Onondaga | 13030 |
| Bridgeport |  | Seneca |  |
| Bridgeville |  | Sullivan | 12701 |
| Bridgewater | Town | Oneida | 13313 |
| Bridgewater | Village | Oneida |  |
| Brier Hill |  | St. Lawrence | 13614 |
| Briggs |  | St. Lawrence |  |
| Briggs Corner |  | Lewis | 13367 |
| Briggs Hollow |  | Tioga |  |
| Brighton |  | Erie |  |
| Brighton |  | Franklin |  |
| Brighton |  | Kings | 11235 |
| Brighton |  | Monroe | 14610 |
| Brighton |  | Monroe |  |
| Brighton |  | Otsego | 13439 |
| Brighton Beach |  | Kings |  |
| Brighton Corners |  | Otsego |  |
| Brighton Village |  | Erie | 14151 |
| Brightside |  | Hamilton | 13436 |
| Brightwaters |  | Suffolk | 11718 |
| Brinckerhoff |  | Dutchess | 12524 |
| Brisben |  | Chenango | 13830 |
| Briscoe |  | Sullivan | 12783 |
| Bristol |  | Ontario | 14469 |
| Bristol |  | Ontario |  |
| Bristol Center |  | Ontario | 14424 |
| Bristol Springs |  | Ontario | 14512 |
| Broadacres |  | Broome | 13905 |
| Broadalbin |  | Fulton | 12025 |
| Broadalbin |  | Fulton |  |
| Broadalbin Junction |  | Fulton |  |
| Broad Channel |  | Queens | 11693 |
| Broadway |  | Queens | 11106 |
| Broadway Junction |  | Kings |  |
| Brockport |  | Monroe | 14420 |
| Brockville |  | Orleans | 14411 |
| Brockway |  | Dutchess |  |
| Brocton |  | Chautauqua | 14716 |
| Brodhead |  | Ulster | 12494 |
| Bromley |  | Onondaga |  |
| Bronck House |  | Greene |  |
| Bronx | borough | Bronx |  |
| Bronxdale | neighborhood | Bronx |  |
| Bronxville | village | Westchester | 10708 |
| Bronxville Heights |  | Westchester |  |
| Brookdale |  | Monroe |  |
| Brookdale |  | St. Lawrence | 13668 |
| Brookfield |  | Madison | 13314 |
| Brookfield |  | Madison |  |
| Brookfield |  | Oneida |  |
| Brookhaven |  | Suffolk | 11719 |
| Brookhaven |  | Suffolk |  |
| Brooklyn |  | Cattaraugus | 14729 |
| Brooklyn |  | Delaware |  |
| Brooklyn | borough | Kings | 112xx; |
| Brooklyn Heights | neighborhood | Kings | 11201; |
| Brooklyn Manor |  | Queens |  |
| Brooklyn Military Ocean Terminal |  | Kings | 11250 |
| Brooklyn Naval Support Activity |  | Kings | 11251 |
| Brookman Corners |  | Montgomery |  |
| Brooksburg |  | Greene | 12496 |
| Brooks Grove |  | Livingston | 14510 |
| Brooktondale |  | Tompkins | 14817 |
| Brooktondale Hamlet |  | Tompkins |  |
| Brookvale |  | Broome |  |
| Brookview |  | Rensselaer | 12026 |
| Brookville |  | Genesee | 14005 |
| Brookville |  | Nassau | 11545 |
| Brookville Park |  | Suffolk | 11751 |
| Broome |  | Schoharie |  |
| Broome Center |  | Schoharie | 12076 |
| Broome County Airport |  | Broome | 13902 |
| Brothertown |  | Oneida |  |
| Brown Center |  | Onondaga |  |
| Browns Bridge |  | St. Lawrence | 13625 |
| Browns Corners |  | Jefferson |  |
| Browns Crossing |  | Steuben | 14830 |
| Brownsell Corner |  | Rockland |  |
| Browns Hollow |  | Montgomery | 13317 |
| Brownsville |  | Kings | 11212 |
| Brownsville |  | Ontario | 14564 |
| Browntown |  | Steuben |  |
| Brownville |  | Jefferson | 13615 |
| Brownville |  | Jefferson |  |
| Brownville |  | Ulster |  |
| Bruceville |  | Ulster | 12440 |
| Brunswick |  | Rensselaer |  |
| Brunswick Center |  | Rensselaer |  |
| Brushton |  | Franklin | 12916 |
| Brutus |  | Cayuga |  |
| Bruynswick |  | Ulster | 12589 |
| Bryant |  | New York | 10036 |
| Bryants Mill |  | Franklin |  |
| Bryn Mawr Park |  | Westchester |  |

## Bu...

| Name of place | Type of place | County | Zip code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Buchanan | Village | Westchester | 10511 |
| Buckhout Corners |  | Westchester | 10510 |
| Buckingham Estates |  | Rockland | 10989 |
| Buckley Hollow |  | Chenango |  |
| Buckleyville |  | Columbia | 12037 |
| Bucks Bridge |  | St. Lawrence | 13167 |
| Buck Settlement |  | Steuben |  |
| Buckton |  | St. Lawrence | 13697 |
| Bucyrus Heights |  | Erie | 14068 |
| Buel |  | Montgomery | 13317 |
| Buellville |  | Onondaga | 13104 |
| Buena Vista |  | Steuben | 14823 |
| Buffalo | City | Erie | 14201 - 14299 |
| Buffalo Coast Guard Base |  | Erie |  |
| Buffalo Corners |  | Wyoming |  |
| Buffalo Creek |  | Erie |  |
| Buffalo Junction |  | Erie |  |
| Buffalo Lake |  | Erie |  |
| Bullet Hole |  | Putnam |  |
| Bull Hill |  | Herkimer | 13324 |
| Bull Mine |  | Orange |  |
| Bull Run |  | Ulster |  |
| Bulls Head |  | Dutchess |  |
| Bulls Head |  | Monroe | 14611 |
| Bulls Head |  | Richmond | 10314 |
| Bullville |  | Orange | 10915 |
| Bulsontown |  | Rockland |  |
| Bundy Crossing |  | Oswego |  |
| Bundys |  | Oswego | 13126 |
| Bunker |  | Cayuga |  |
| Burden |  | Columbia |  |
| Burden Lake |  | Rensselaer | 12018 |
| Burdett |  | Schuyler | 14818 |
| Burgoyne |  | Saratoga | 12871 |
| Burke |  | Franklin | 12917 |
| Burke |  | Franklin |  |
| Burke Center |  | Franklin | 12917 |
| Burk Hill |  | Wyoming |  |
| Burlingham |  | Sullivan | 12722 |
| Burlington |  | Otsego | 13315 |
| Burlington |  | Otsego |  |
| Burlington Flats |  | Otsego | 13315 |
| Burma Woods |  | Orleans |  |
| Burnhams |  | Chautauqua | 14718 |
| Burns |  | Allegany | 14807 |
| Burns |  | Allegany |  |
| Burnside |  | Orange |  |
| Burns-Whitney Estates |  | Albany | 12110 |
| Burnt Hills |  | Saratoga | 12027 |
| Burnwood |  | Delaware | 13756 |
| Burrs Mills |  | Jefferson | 13601 |
| Burrville |  | Jefferson |  |
| Burt |  | Niagara | 14028 |
| Burtonsville |  | Montgomery | 12066 |
| Bush Corner |  | Ontario |  |
| Bushes Landing |  | Lewis | 13367 |
| Bushnell Basin |  | Monroe | 14534 |
| Bushnellville |  | Ulster | 12480 |
| Bush Terminal |  | Kings | 11232 |
| Bushville |  | Genesee | 14020 |
| Bushville |  | Orange |  |
| Bushville |  | Sullivan | 12701 |
| Bushwick |  | Kings | 11221 |
| Bushwick Junction |  | Queens |  |
| Buskirk |  | Rensselaer | 12028 |
| Busti | Town | Chautauqua | 14701 |
| Butler |  | Wayne |  |
| Butler Center |  | Wayne | 14590 |
| Butlerville |  | Westchester | 10519 |
| Butterfield |  | Oneida | 13503 |
| Butternut Grove |  | Delaware | 12776 |
| Butternuts | Town | Otsego |  |
| Butterville |  | Jefferson |  |
| Butterville |  | Ulster |  |
| Button City |  | Chenango |  |
| Butts Corner |  | Delaware |  |
| Byersville |  | Livingston | 14517 |
| Byrdcliffe |  | Ulster |  |
| Byron | Town | Genesee | 14422 |


title: Zalf Euromobil Fior

abstract: Zalf–Euromobil–Fior is an Italian cycling team founded in 1982, that focuses on developing under-23 riders. Many famous riders have ridden for the team, including Sacha Modolo, Enrico Battaglin, Ivan Basso and Oscar Gatto. In 2021, the team moved up to UCI Continental level for the first time.

text:
# Zalf Euromobil Fior

**Zalf–Euromobil–Fior** is an Italian cycling team founded in 1982, that focuses on developing under-23 riders. Many famous riders have ridden for the team, including Sacha Modolo, Enrico Battaglin, Ivan Basso and Oscar Gatto. In 2021, the team moved up to UCI Continental level for the first time.

## Team roster

*As of 7 March 2021.*

| Rider Date of birth  Gabriele Benedetti (ITA)  (2000-06-09) 9 June 2000  Davide Cattelan (ITA)  (2001-11-06) 6 November 2001  Edoardo Faresin (ITA)  (1998-03-11) 11 March 1998  Stefano Gandin (ITA)  (1996-03-28) 28 March 1996  Federico Guzzo (ITA)  (2001-08-31) 31 August 2001  Giulio Masotto (ITA)  (1999-05-14) 14 May 1999  Elia Menegale (ITA)  (1999-03-05) 5 March 1999  Manlio Moro (ITA)  (2002-03-17) 17 March 2002 |  | Rider Date of birth  Alessio Portello (ITA)  (2002-02-07) 7 February 2002  Lorenzo Quartucci (ITA)  (1999-04-05) 5 April 1999  Simone Raccani (ITA)  (2001-03-02) 2 March 2001  Samuel Slomp (ITA)  (2001-09-24) 24 September 2001  Alex Tolio (ITA)  (2000-03-30) 30 March 2000  Riccardo Verza (ITA)  (1997-08-22) 22 August 1997  Edoardo Zambanini (ITA)  (2001-04-21) 21 April 2001  Matteo Zurlo (ITA)  (1998-08-01) 1 August 1998 |
| --- | --- | --- |

## Major results

2005 Giro del Canavese, Oscar Gatto 2006 GP Capodarco, Marco Bandiera Giro del Casentino, Sacha Modolo Coppa Città di Asti, Oscar Gatto Giro del Belvedere, Fabrizio Galeazzi Circuito del Porto, Manolo Zanella 2007 Giro delle Valli Aretine, Davide Malacarne Gran Premio della Liberazione, Manuele Boaro Trofeo Franco Balestra, Simone Ponzi Trofeo Zsšdi, Simone Ponzi 2008 Gran Premio Palio del Recioto, Gianluca Brambilla Trofeo Zsšdi, Manuele Boaro 2009 Overall Giro del Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Gianluca Brambilla Memorial Davide Fardelli, Manuele Boaro Trofeo Città di San Vendemiano, Alessandro Mazzi Giro delle Valli Aretine, Enrico Battaglin Gran Premio della Liberazione, Sacha Modolo Giro del Belvedere, Sacha Modolo 2010 Trofeo Alcide Degasperi, Sonny Colbrelli GP Capodarco, Enrico Battaglin Trofeo Piva, Andrea Pasqualon Giro del Casentino, Andrea Pasqualon Gran Premio San Giuseppe, Enrico Battaglin Trofeo Città di San Vendemiano, Stefano Agostini 2011 Overall Giro del Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Matteo Busato Gran Premio San Giuseppe, Enrico Battaglin Trofeo Zsšdi, Enrico Battaglin Giro del Belvedere, Nicola Boem 2012 Circuito del Porto, Paolo Simion 2013 Ruota d'Oro, Andrea Toniatti Trofeo Edil C, Andrea Zordan Gran Premio di Poggiana, Andrea Zordan Circuito del Porto, Paolo Simion 2014 Trofeo Città di San Vendemiano, Giacomo Berlato Ruota d'Oro, Giacomo Berlato Giro del Belvedere, Simone Andreetta Stage 4 Giro del Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Simone Andreetta Piccolo Giro di Lombardia, Gianni Moscon 2015 Coppa della Pace, Simone Velasco Ruota d'Oro, Simone Velasco Trofeo Città di San Vendemiano, Gianni Moscon Giro del Belvedere, Andrea Vendrame 2016 Circuito del Porto, Marco Maronese 2017 La Popolarissima, Filippo Calderaro Gran Premio di Poggiana, Nicola Conci Trofeo Città di San Vendemiano, Nicola Conci 2018 La Popolarissima, Giovanni Lonardi Circuito del Porto, Giovanni Lonardi Trofeo Città di San Vendemiano, Alberto Dainese Gran Premio Industrie del Marmo, Gregorio Ferri 2020 Giro Ciclistico d'Italia 1st  Points classification, Luca Colnaghi 1st  Young rider classification, Edoardo Zambanini 1st Stages 2 & 3, Luca Colnaghi 2022 Trofeo Città di San Vendemiano, Federico Guzzo

### National Championships

2013  Romania road race, Andrei Nechita  Italy Under-23 road race, Andrea Zordan 2015  Italy Under-23 road race, Gianni Moscon

## InfoBox

Zalf Euromobil Fior
| Team information | |
| --- | --- |
| UCI code | ZEF |
| Registered | Italy |
| Founded | 1982 |
| Discipline(s) | Road |
| Status |  |
| Bicycles | Pinarello |
| Website | Team home page |
| Key personnel | |
| General manager | Egidio Fior |
| Team manager(s) |  |
| Team name history | |
| * 1982–1985 * 1986 * 1987–1988 * 1989–2002 * 2003–2011 * 2012–2020 * 2021– | * Zalf–Fior * Glem Gas–Zalf–Fior * Zalf–Fior * Zalf–Euromobil–Fior * Zalf–Désirée–Fior * Zalf–Euromobil–Désirée–Fior * Zalf–Euromobil–Fior |


title: Vivendas da Barra Condominium

abstract: Vivendas da Barra Condominium is a condominium located in the Barra da Tijuca neighborhood, in the western zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro. It is one of the oldest condominiums of the neighborhood, with its construction having begun in 1960. Its entrance is located at 3100 Lúcio Costa Avenue. It was in one of the houses in the Vivendas da Barra Condominium where the 38th President of Brazil, Jair Messias Bolsonaro, lived for several years until he moved to the Palácio da Alvorada, after being elected President. His house is located on C Street and has 230 square meters. As of 2019, one of Jair Bolsonaro's sons, Carlos Bolsonaro, also resided in the condominium. In 2023, Jair Bolsonaro, while no longer President, started to renovate his house in the condominium. On March 12, 2019, agents from the Homicide Division of the Civil Police of the State of Rio de Janeiro (PCERJ) and the Special Group for Combating Organized Crime (Gaeco) entered the Vivendas da Barra Condominium in order to arrest Ronnie Lessa, a retired military police officer accused of firing the 13 shots of 9-millimeter caliber that killed Rio de Janeiro councilwoman Marielle Franco and driver Anderson Gomes on March 14, 2018. Lessa's house in the condominium is located on the same street as Jair Bolsonaro's house, 70 steps away.

text:
# Vivendas da Barra Condominium

**Vivendas da Barra Condominium** is a condominium located in the Barra da Tijuca neighborhood, in the western zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro. It is one of the oldest condominiums of the neighborhood, with its construction having begun in 1960. Its entrance is located at 3100 Lúcio Costa Avenue.

It was in one of the houses in the Vivendas da Barra Condominium where the 38th President of Brazil, Jair Messias Bolsonaro, lived for several years until he moved to the Palácio da Alvorada, after being elected President. His house is located on C Street and has 230 square meters. As of 2019, one of Jair Bolsonaro's sons, Carlos Bolsonaro, also resided in the condominium. In 2023, Jair Bolsonaro, while no longer President, started to renovate his house in the condominium.

On March 12, 2019, agents from the Homicide Division of the Civil Police of the State of Rio de Janeiro (PCERJ) and the Special Group for Combating Organized Crime (Gaeco) entered the Vivendas da Barra Condominium in order to arrest Ronnie Lessa, a retired military police officer accused of firing the 13 shots of 9-millimeter caliber that killed Rio de Janeiro councilwoman Marielle Franco and driver Anderson Gomes on March 14, 2018. Lessa's house in the condominium is located on the same street as Jair Bolsonaro's house, 70 steps away.

## InfoBox

| Vivendas da Barra Condominium Condomínio Vivendas da Barra | |
| --- | --- |
| Condominium | |
|  | |


title: Fryette's laws

abstract: Fryette's Laws are a set of three laws pertaining to skeletal anatomy named after Harrison Fryette, D.O. The laws are defined as a set of guiding principles used by practitioners of osteopathic medicine to discriminate between dysfunctions in the axial skeleton. The first two laws solely apply to the lumbar and thoracic spinal regions, but the third applies to the entire vertebral column.

text:
# Fryette's laws

**Fryette's Laws** are a set of three laws pertaining to skeletal anatomy named after Harrison Fryette, D.O. The laws are defined as a set of guiding principles used by practitioners of osteopathic medicine to discriminate between dysfunctions in the axial skeleton. The first two laws solely apply to the lumbar and thoracic spinal regions, but the third applies to the entire vertebral column.

## History

The first two laws were developed by Dr. Fryette in 1918, and the third was developed by C.R. Nelson, D.O in 1948.

## The three principles

1. **Principle I**: When the spine is in neutral, sidebending to one side will be accompanied by horizontal rotation to the opposite side. This law is observed in type I somatic dysfunction, where more than one vertebra is out of alignment and cannot be returned to neutral by flexion or extension of the vertebrae. The involved group of vertebrae demonstrates a coupled relationship between sidebending and rotation. When the spine is neutral, side bending forces are applied to a group of typical vertebrae and the entire group will rotate toward the opposite side: the side of produced convexity Extreme type I dysfunction is similar to scoliosis.
2. **Principle II**: When the spine is in a flexed or extended position (non-neutral), sidebending to one side will be accompanied by rotation to the same side. This law is observed in type II somatic dysfunction, where only one vertebral segment is restricted in motion and becomes much worse on flexion or extension. There will be rotation and sidebending in the same direction when this dysfunction is present.
3. **Principle III**: When motion is introduced in one plane it will modify (reduce) motion in the other two planes. The third principle sums up the other two laws by stating dysfunction in one plane will negatively affect all other planes of motion.


title: Marguerite Volavy

abstract: Marguerite Volavy, also known as Madame Volavy, was a pianist known for her recordings of Czech music and composers.

text:
# Marguerite Volavy

**Marguerite Volavy**, also known as **Madame** **Volavy** (28 December 1886 – 30 July 1951), was a pianist known for her recordings of Czech music and composers.

## Early life

Volavy was born in Brno, Moravia, and studied at the Vienna Conservatory under Anton Door. She graduated first in her class in piano at the age of 15. In 1902 she began playing with the Prague Orchestra, and then in 1912 she moved to the United States where she played her first concert at Carnegie Hall in 1915. She performed in New York City, multiple times.

In addition to her live performances, Volavy recorded piano rolls and talked with newspaper reporters about how the piano rolls were made and edited. She recorded piano songs under the name Volavy and two pseudonyms (Felix Gerdts and George Kerr). Her piano rolls were recorded by the American Piano Company also known as Ampico. On the piano rolls, the pieces she recorded included works by Robert Schumann and Ludwig van Beethoven.

Volavy's hand was damaged in an accident on the subway in New York City. She received financial compensation for the injury and she was unable to continue playing the piano. In 1926 she began working as a music editor with the American Piano Company, where she was responsible for making sure recordings produced the musician's music correctly. She also lectured about music, and started teaching in 1932, Some said she was known as Madame Volavy because she resembled a madam as might be found in a brothel, while other publications noted "her proportions" were such that the name seemed appropriate.

Volavy died in Valhalla, New York in 1951.

## InfoBox

| Marguerite Volavy | |
| --- | --- |
| Marguerite Volavy, from a 1922 publication | |
| Born | 28 December 1886
Brno, Moravia |
| Died | July 30, 1951(1951-07-30) (aged 64)
Valhalla, New York, U.S. |
| Other names | Felix Gerdts
George Kerr |
| Occupation | Pianist |


title: McCormick, Wichita, Kansas

abstract: McCormick is a mixed residential and industrial neighborhood in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It lies in the west-central part of the city on the south side of U.S. Route 54.

text:
# McCormick, Wichita, Kansas

**McCormick** is a mixed residential and industrial neighborhood in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It lies in the west-central part of the city on the south side of U.S. Route 54.

## Geography

McCormick is located at 37°40′21″N 97°21′16″W / 37.67250°N 97.35444°W / 37.67250; -97.35444 (37.6725, -97.354444) at an elevation of 1,297 ft (395 m). It consists of the area between Bonn Street in the west and the Arkansas River in the east and between U.S. Route 54 in the north and Harry Street in the south. McCormick borders the Delano neighborhood to the north, South Central across the river to the east, and Stanley/Aley to the south and west.

## Government

For the purposes of representation on the Wichita City Council, McCormick is in Council District 4.

For the purposes of representation in the Kansas Legislature, McCormick is in the 25th district of the Kansas Senate and the 95th district of the Kansas House of Representatives.

## Education

The campus of Wichita West High School, part of Wichita Public Schools, is located in McCormick on South Osage Street.

## Transportation

McCormick Street is the primary east–west road through the neighborhood; Seneca Street is the main north–south road. Other arterial roads include McLean Boulevard which runs north–south along the west bank of the Arkansas River. U.S. Route 54 runs east–west as the Kellogg Avenue freeway along the north side of the neighborhood, accessible via interchanges at Seneca and Sycamore Street.

Wichita Transit offers bus service in McCormick on its 16 route. Kansas and Oklahoma Railroad operates a freight rail line which runs east-southwest through southeastern McCormick.

## InfoBox

| McCormick | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighborhood | |
| Coordinates: 37°40′21″N 97°21′16″W / 37.67250°N 97.35444°W / 37.67250; -97.35444 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Kansas |
| County | Sedgwick |
| City | Wichita |
| Elevation | 1,297 ft (395 m) |
| Population (2016) | |
| Total | 2,863 |
| ZIP code | 67213 |
| Area code | 316 |


title: Mattie Bogenrief

abstract: Mattie Bogenrief was an American politician who served in the Iowa House of Representatives from the 37th district from 1965 to 1967.

text:
# Mattie Bogenrief

**Mattie Bogenrief** (October 12, 1912 – June 14, 1971) was an American politician who served in the Iowa House of Representatives from the 37th district from 1965 to 1967.

## InfoBox

| Mattie Bogenrief | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Iowa House of Representatives from the 37th district | |
| **In office**
January 11, 1965  January 8, 1967 | |
| Preceded by | William Denman
Howard Reppert |
| Succeeded by | *Multi-member district* |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1912-10-12)October 12, 1912
Duluth, Minnesota |
| Died | June 14, 1971(1971-06-14) (aged 58) |
| Political party | Democratic |
|  | |


title: Marie Colardeau

abstract: Marie-Josèphe Paule Julianne le Vigoureux de Kermorvan, known as Marie Colardeau, was a French feminist and the first female lawyer from the French overseas territory of Réunion.

text:
# Marie Colardeau

**Marie-Josèphe Paule Julianne le Vigoureux de Kermorvan** (30 April 1910 – 20 January 1993), known as **Marie Colardeau**, was a French feminist and the first female lawyer from the French overseas territory of Réunion.

## Biography

Colardeau was born in 1910 in Saint-Pierre, Réunion, the daughter of Saint-Pierre mayor Charles-Louis-Victor le Vigoureux de Kermorvan. Her family were old nobility from Franche-Comté. She gained her law license in 1929, and in 1930 became the first female lawyer in Réunion. In 1937, she married the politician Fernand Colardeau.

She died in 1993 in Saint-Denis, Réunion, aged 82.


title: Wink discography

abstract: The discography of the Japanese idol duo Wink consists of 14 studio albums, 11 compilation albums, and 26 singles released since 1988.

text:
# Wink discography

The discography of the Japanese idol duo **Wink** consists of 14 studio albums, 11 compilation albums, and 26 singles released since 1988.

## Albums

### Studio albums

| Year | Information | Oricon weekly
peak position | Sales
 | RIAJ certification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1988 | *Moonlight Serenade** Released: July 1, 1988 * Label: Polystar * Formats: LP, CD, cassette | 52 | 50,000 |  |
| 1989 | *Especially for You: Yasashisa ni Tsutsumarete** Released: April 26, 1989 * Label: Polystar * Formats: LP, CD, cassette | 1 | 508,000 | * Platinum |
| | *Twin Memories** Released: December 1, 1989 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 2 | 454,000 | * Platinum |
| 1990 | *Velvet** Released: July 11, 1990 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 4 | 198,000 | * Gold |
| | *Crescent** Released: December 16, 1990 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 10 | 164,000 |  |
| 1991 | *Queen of Love** Released: July 10, 1991 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 6 | 108,000 |  |
| | *Sapphire** Released: November 25, 1991 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 7 | 63,000 |  |
| 1992 | *Each Side of Screen** Released: April 25, 1992 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 11 | 58,000 |  |
| | *Nocturne (Yasōkyoku)** Released: November 26, 1992 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 19 | 26,000 |  |
| 1993 | *Aphrodite** Released: June 25, 1993 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 33 | 21,000 |  |
| | *Brunch** Released: November 26, 1993 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 31 | 26,000 |  |
| 1994 | *Overture!** Released: July 1, 1994 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 34 | 23,000 |  |
| | *Voce** Released: December 1, 1994 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 58 | 16,000 |  |
| 1995 | *Flyin' High** Released: July 5, 1995 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 68 | 10,000 |  |

### Extended plays

| Year | Information | Oricon weekly
peak position | Sales
 | RIAJ certification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1988 | *At Heel Diamonds** Released: December 1, 1988 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 6 | 345,000 |  |

### Live albums

| Year | Information | Oricon weekly
peak position | Sales
 | RIAJ certification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1990 | *Wink First Live Shining Star** Released: May 25, 1990 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 1 | 111,000 | * Gold |
| 2019 | *Especially for You II** Released: April 24, 2019 * Label: Polystar * Formats: Digital |  |  |  |

### Compilations

| Year | Information | Oricon weekly
peak position | Sales
 | RIAJ certification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1990 | *Wink Hot Singles** Released: November 1, 1990 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 5 | 203,000 | * Gold |
| 1992 | *Raisonné** Released: December 21, 1992 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 18 | 58,000 |  |
| 1994 | *Diary** Released: March 25, 1994 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 23 | 49,000 |  |
| 1995 | *Back to Front** Released: February 25, 1995 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 93 | 4,000 |  |
| | *Reminiscence** Released: November 25, 1995 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette |  |  |  |
| 1996 | *Wink Memories 1988–1996** Released: March 25, 1996 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 35 | 22,000 |  |
| 1999 | *Treasure Collection Wink Best** Released: June 30, 1999 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette |  |  |  |
| 2004 | *Wink Best & Best Deluxe** Released: 2004 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD |  |  |  |
| 2013 | *Selection: 25th Anniversary Self Selection** Released: June 5, 2013 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD | 231 |  |  |

### Box sets

| Year | Information | Oricon weekly
peak position | Sales
 | RIAJ certification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2007 | *Wink Single Collection: 1988–1996 Singles Zenkyoku** Released: December 26, 2007 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD |  |  |  |
| 2008 | *Wink Album Collection: 1988–1996 Albums Zenkyoku** Released: February 27, 2008 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD |  |  |  |

### Remix albums

| Year | Information | Oricon weekly
peak position | Sales
 | RIAJ certification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1991 | *Diamond Box** Released: December 21, 1991 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 14 | 65,000 |  |
| 1995 | *Wink Remixes** Released: September 1, 1995 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 91 | 4,000 |  |
| 1996 | *Jam the Wink** Released: September 11, 1996 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette |  |  |  |
| 2000 | *Para Para Wink!** Released: July 1, 2000 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette |  |  |  |

### Karaoke albums

| Year | Information | Oricon weekly
peak position | Sales
 | RIAJ certification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1990 | *Fairy Tone** Released: April 10, 1990 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette | 40 |  |  |
| 1991 | *Fairy Tone 2** Released: November 25, 1991 * Label: Polystar * Formats: CD, cassette |  |  |  |

## Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions
| Title | Date | Peak chart positions | Sales (JPN)
 | RIAJ
certification | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | *Oricon* Singles Charts
 | | | |
| "Sugar Baby Love" | April 27, 1988 | 20 | 61,000 |  | *Moonlight Serenade* |
| "Amaryllis" | September 7, 1988 | 30 | 14,000 |  | *Wink Hot Singles* |
| "Ai ga Tomaranai (Turn It into Love)" | November 16, 1988 | 1 | 645,000 |  | *At Heel Diamonds* |
| "Namida wo Misenai de (Boys Don't Cry)" | March 16, 1989 | 1 | 523,000 | * Platinum | *Especially for You: Yasashisa ni Tsutsumarete* |
| "Samishii Nettaigyo" | July 5, 1989 | 1 | 564,000 | * Platinum | *Twin Memories* |
| "One Night in Heaven (Mayonaka no Angel)" | November 11, 1989 | 1 | 423,000 | * Platinum | |
| "Sexy Music" | March 28, 1990 | 1 | 329,000 | * Gold | *Velvet* |
| "Yoru ni Hagurete (Where Were You Last Night)" | July 4, 1990 | 2 | 291,000 | * Gold | *Crescent* |
| "New Moon ni Aimashou" | November 21, 1990 | 2 | 249,000 | * Gold | |
| "Kitto Atsui Kuchibiru (Remain)" | March 20, 1991 | 2 | 175,000 |  | *Queen of Love* |
| "Manatsu no Tremolo" | June 19, 1991 | 2 | 225,000 | * Gold | |
| "Haitoku no Scenario" | October 16, 1991 | 3 | 196,000 |  | *Sapphire* |
| "Tsuioku no Heroine" | December 16, 1991 | 5 | 136,000 |  | *Each Side of Screen* |
| "Matenrō Museum" | March 25, 1992 | 4 | 142,000 |  | |
| "Furimukanaide" | July 22, 1992 | 7 | 132,000 |  | *Nocturne* |
| "Real na Yume no Jōken" | October 21, 1992 | 10 | 90,000 |  | |
| "Eien no Ladydoll (Voyage, voyage)" | February 17, 1993 | 19 | 69,000 |  | *Aphrodite* |
| "Kekkon Shiyoune" | May 26, 1993 | 15 | 75,000 |  | |
| "Sakihokore Itoshisa yo" | September 8, 1993 | 9 | 337,000 | * Gold | *Brunch* |
| "Itsumademo Suki de Itakute" | February 23, 1994 | 19 | 79,000 |  | *Overture!* |
| "Twinkle Twinkle" | May 26, 1994 | 28 | 74,000 |  | |
| "Cherie Mon Cherie" | October 26, 1994 | 29 | 25,000 |  | *Voce* |
| "Watashitachi Rashii Rule" | March 1, 1995 | 46 | 16,000 |  | *Flyin' High* |
| "Jive Into the Night (Yaban na Yoru ni)" \[Hyper Euro Mix\] | June 25, 1995 | 92 | 6,000 |  | |
| "Angel Love Story (Akiiro no Tenshi)" | September 15, 1995 | 62 | 8,000 |  | *Reminiscence* |
| "Special to Me" | April 27, 2018 | 196 |  |  | *Twin Memories* |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart. | | | | | |

## Videography

### Music video albums

List of media, with selected chart positions
| Title | Album details | Peak positions | | Sales (Oricon) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN DVD
 | JPN Blu-ray
 | |
| *Heart on Wave* | * Released: July 25, 1989 * Label: Polystar * Formats: LD, VHS |  |  | N/A |
| *Winkissimo: Hawaii And L.A. Days, 1990* | * Released: September 25, 1990 * Label: Polystar * Formats: LD, VHS |  |  | N/A |
| *Heart on Wave II* | * Released: December 16, 1990 * Label: Polystar * Formats: LD, VHS |  |  | N/A |
| *Wink Visual Memories 1988–1996* | * Released: May 26, 2004 * Label: Polystar * Formats: DVD |  |  | N/A |
| *Wink Visual Collection 1988–1996* | * Released: April 27, 2008 * Label: Polystar * Formats: DVD |  |  | N/A |
| *Wink Visual Memories 1988–1996: 30th Limited Edition* | * Released: April 24, 2019 * Label: Polystar * Formats: DVD | 63 |  | N/A |

### Live video albums

List of media, with selected chart positions
| Title | Album details | Peak positions | | Sales (Oricon) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | JPN DVD
 | JPN Blu-ray
 | |
| *Wink First Live Shining Star: Dreamy Concert Tour on 1990* | * Released: July 16, 1990 * Label: Polystar * Formats: LD, VHS |  |  | N/A |
| *Wink Performance Memories +* | * Released: May 26, 2004 * Label: Polystar * Formats: DVD |  |  | N/A |
| *Wink Performance Memories: 30th Limited Edition* | * Released: April 24, 2019 * Label: Polystar * Formats: DVD | 80 |  | N/A |

## Footnotes

1. "WINK" (in Japanese). Oricon. October 2019. Retrieved 2021-07-21.
2. "Wink". *Yamachan Land* (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2011-08-14. Retrieved 2021-07-21.
3. "ゴールドディスク認定" (in Japanese). Recording Industry Association of Japan. Retrieved 2021-07-21.
4. "Wink(シングル)". *Yamachan Land* (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2021-07-21.

## InfoBox

| Wink discography | |
| --- | --- |
| Studio albums | 14 |
| Live albums | 2 |
| Compilation albums | 11 |
| Video albums | 9 |
| EPs | 1 |
| Singles | 26 |
| Box sets | 2 |
| Remix albums | 4 |


title: Zhao Tianshou

abstract: Zhao Tianshou is a Chinese scientist and educator currently serving as Cheong Ying Chan Professor of Engineering and Environment, the Chair Professor of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.

text:
# Zhao Tianshou

**Zhao Tianshou** (Chinese: 赵天寿; born 1961) is a Chinese scientist and educator currently serving as Cheong Ying Chan Professor of Engineering and Environment, the Chair Professor of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology.

## Education

Zhao was born in 1961 in Shaanxi. He received his bachelor's degree and master's degree from Tianjin University in 1983 and 1986, respectively. He enrolled at the University of Hawaii at Manoa where he received his doctor's degree in 1995.

## Career

In 1995 he joined the faculty of Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, becoming Chair Professor of its Department of Mechanical Engineering in 2011 and Dean of its Energy Research Institute in April 2014.

## Honours and awards

* Zhao Tianshou on the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology

## InfoBox

| Zhao Tianshou | |
| --- | --- |
| 赵天寿 | |
| Born | 1961 (age 6263)
Shaanxi, China |
| Alma mater | Tianjin University
University of Hawaii at Manoa |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Energy Science |
| Institutions | Hong Kong University of Science and Technology |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Chinese name | |
| Traditional Chinese |  |
| Simplified Chinese |  |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Zhào Tiānshòu | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Vogtsbach

abstract: Vogtsbach is a small river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It flows into the Göttelbach in Schramberg.

text:
# Vogtsbach

**Vogtsbach** is a small river of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It flows into the Göttelbach in Schramberg.

## InfoBox

| Vogtsbach | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Baden-Württemberg |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth |  |
| location | Göttelbach |
| coordinates | 48°13′43″N 8°23′14″E / 48.2287°N 8.3873°E / 48.2287; 8.3873 |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | GöttelbachSchiltachKinzigRhineNorth Sea |


title: Philip Moeller (journalist)

abstract: Philip Moeller is a journalist and primary author of the "Get What's Yours" series of books published by Simon & Schuster. Moeller was a reporter for the Charlotte Observer and the Chicago Sun-Times, business editor for the Louisville Courier-Journal and the Baltimore Sun, and editor of The Hartford Business Journal. He later wrote for U.S. News & World Report, Money magazine, and the PBS NewsHour. In 2015, he co-authored the New York Times bestseller, "Get What's Yours: The Secrets to Maxing Out Your Social Security." In 2016, he wrote "Get What's Yours for Medicare: Maximize Your Coverage, Minimize Your Costs." In 2021, the third book in the series was published: "Get What's Yours for Health Care: How to Get the Best Care at the Right Price." In 2024, the revised edition of "Get What's Yours for Medicare" was published. He has received awards including the 1979 Gerald Loeb Award for Distinguished Business and Financial Journalism for Small Newspapers and was a Bagehot Fellow in Business and Economics Journalism at the Columbia Graduate School of Journalism. He is a graduate of Princeton University and has a master's degree from the Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern University.

text:
# Philip Moeller (journalist)

**Philip Moeller** is a journalist and primary author of the "Get What's Yours" series of books published by Simon & Schuster.

Moeller was a reporter for the *Charlotte Observer* and the *Chicago Sun-Times*, business editor for the *Louisville Courier-Journal* and the Baltimore Sun, and editor of *The Hartford Business Journal.* He later wrote for *U.S. News & World Report*, *Money* magazine, and the *PBS NewsHour*.

In 2015, he co-authored the *New York Times* bestseller, "Get What's Yours: The Secrets to Maxing Out Your Social Security." In 2016, he wrote "Get What's Yours for Medicare: Maximize Your Coverage, Minimize Your Costs." In 2021, the third book in the series was published: "Get What's Yours for Health Care: How to Get the Best Care at the Right Price." In 2024, the revised edition of "Get What's Yours for Medicare" was published.

He has received awards including the 1979 *Gerald Loeb Award for Distinguished Business and Financial Journalism* for Small Newspapers and was a *Bagehot Fellow* in Business and Economics Journalism at the Columbia Graduate School of Journalism. He is a graduate of Princeton University and has a master's degree from the Medill School of Journalism at Northwestern University.


title: Value range analysis

abstract:
In computing, in particular compiler construction, value range analysis is a type of data flow analysis that tracks the range (interval) of values that a numeric variable can take on at each point of a program's execution.
The resulting information can be used in optimizations such as redundancy elimination, dead code elimination, instruction selection, etc., but can also be used to improve the safety of programs, e.g. in the detection of buffer overruns. Techniques for value range analysis typically use symbolic analysis extensively. Value range analysis is often implemented in the Intel C++ Compiler and is implemented in GCC.

text:
# Value range analysis

In computing, in particular compiler construction, **value range analysis** is a type of data flow analysis that tracks the range (interval) of values that a numeric variable can take on at each point of a program's execution. The resulting information can be used in optimizations such as redundancy elimination, dead code elimination, instruction selection, etc., but can also be used to improve the safety of programs, e.g. in the detection of buffer overruns. Techniques for value range analysis typically use symbolic analysis extensively.

Value range analysis is often implemented in the Intel C++ Compiler and is implemented in GCC.


title: Marina Carrier

abstract: Marina Carrier is an Australian Modern Pentathlon competitor and Olympian. Carrier represented Australia at the 2020 Summer Olympics, Tokyo, in the modern pentathlon. Notably, she came third in the riding event with a clear round, and came 27th overall despite setbacks due to injury in the months leading into the Games,.

text:
# Marina Carrier

**Marina Carrier** (born 1996) is an Australian Modern Pentathlon competitor and Olympian.

Carrier represented Australia at the 2020 Summer Olympics, Tokyo, in the modern pentathlon. Notably, she came third in the riding (show jumping) event with a clear round, and came 27th overall despite setbacks due to injury in the months leading into the Games,.

## InfoBox

Marina Carrier
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Australia |
| Born | (1996-10-19) 19 October 1996<br>Sydney, New South Wales |
| Sport | |
| Country | Australia |
| Sport | Modern pentathlon |


title: Mchinga

abstract: Mchinga is an administrative ward in Lindi District of Lindi Region in Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 136.6 km⁲ (52.7 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 45 m (148 ft). According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 6,063.

text:
# Mchinga

**Mchinga** is an administrative ward in Lindi District of Lindi Region in Tanzania. The ward covers an area of 136.6 km2 (52.7 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 45 m (148 ft). According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 6,063.

## InfoBox

| Mchinga *Kata ya Chumo* (Swahili) | |
| --- | --- |
| Ward | |
| Kata ya Mchinga, Wilaya ya Lindi | |
| Mchinga Scene in Lindi District | |
| Mchinga | |
| Coordinates: 9°44′21.48″S 39°42′58.68″E / 9.7393000°S 39.7163000°E / -9.7393000; 39.7163000 | |
| Country | Tanzania |
| Region | Lindi Region |
| District | Lindi District |
| Area | |
| Total | 36.4 km2 (14.1 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 45 m (148 ft) |
| Population (2012) | |
| Total | 6,063 |
| Density | 170/km2 (430/sq mi) |
| Ethnic groups | |
| Settler | Swahili |
| Native | Machinga people |
| Tanzanian Postal Code | 65205 |


title: Matrix gamma distribution

abstract: In statistics, a matrix gamma distribution is a generalization of the gamma distribution to positive-definite matrices. It is effectively a different parametrization of the Wishart distribution, and is used similarly, e.g. as the conjugate prior of the precision matrix of a multivariate normal distribution and matrix normal distribution. The compound distribution resulting from compounding a matrix normal with a matrix gamma prior over the precision matrix is a generalized matrix t-distribution. A matrix gamma distributions is identical to a Wishart distribution with β Σ = 2 V, α = n 2. Notice that the parameters β and Σ are not identified; the density depends on these two parameters through the product β Σ.

text:
# Matrix gamma distribution

In statistics, a **matrix gamma distribution** is a generalization of the gamma distribution to positive-definite matrices. It is effectively a different parametrization of the Wishart distribution, and is used similarly, e.g. as the conjugate prior of the precision matrix of a multivariate normal distribution and matrix normal distribution. The compound distribution resulting from compounding a matrix normal with a matrix gamma prior over the precision matrix is a generalized matrix t-distribution.

A matrix gamma distributions is identical to a Wishart distribution with $\beta {\boldsymbol {\Sigma }=2V,\alpha ={\frac {n}{2}.}}$

Notice that the parameters $\beta $ and $\boldsymbol {\Sigma }$ are not identified; the density depends on these two parameters through the product $\beta {\boldsymbol {\Sigma }}$.

* Gupta, A. K.; Nagar, D. K. (1999) *Matrix Variate Distributions*, Chapman and Hall/CRC ISBN 978-1584880462

## InfoBox

Matrix gamma
| Notation | $\rm {MG}\_{p}(\alpha ,\beta ,{\boldsymbol {\Sigma })}$ | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Parameters | $\alpha \>{\frac {p-1}{2}}$ shape parameter (real)
$\beta \>0$ scale parameter

$\boldsymbol {\Sigma }$ scale (positive-definite real $p\times p$ matrix) | | |
| Support | $\mathbf {X} $ positive-definite real $p\times p$ matrix | | |
| PDF | $\frac {|{\boldsymbol {\Sigma }|^{-\alpha }{\beta ^{p\alpha }\\,\Gamma \_{p}(\alpha )}|\mathbf {X} |^{\alpha -{\frac {p+1}{2}\exp \left({\rm {tr}\left(-{\frac {1}{\beta }{\boldsymbol {\Sigma }^{-1}\mathbf {X} \right)\right)}}}}}}}$ | | |


# List of school districts in Los Angeles County, California

**List of school districts in Los Angeles County, California, United States**

## Primary and secondary (K-12)

Public school districts

K-12:

Secondary:

Elementary:

Former districts:

## Post-secondary

1. Los Angeles Community College District
2. Long Beach Community College District
3. Cerritos Community College District
4. El Camino Community College District
5. Rio Hondo Community College District
6. Mt. San Antonio Community College District
7. Citrus Community College District
8. Antelope Valley Community College District
9. Pasadena Area Community College District
10. Glendale Community College District
11. Santa Monica Community College District
12. Santa Clarita Community College District
13. Compton Community College District


title: Winter City

abstract: Winter City or Winter Cities is a concept for communities in northern latitudes that encourages them to plan their transportation systems, buildings, and recreation project around the idea of using their infrastructure during all four seasons, including winter, rather than just the other three.

text:
# Winter City

**Winter City** or **Winter Cities** is a concept for communities in northern latitudes that encourages them to plan their transportation systems, buildings, and recreation project around the idea of using their infrastructure during all four seasons, including winter, rather than just the other three.

## Background

In communities and regions where the concept of embracing winter has taken hold, it has made a dramatic impact on the lives of residents, especially in terms of improving winter livability, increasing tourism and strengthening the economy during what had been a traditional down time. The concept has been responsible for helping many communities see the opportunities that winter offers and helping many residents in the north acknowledge that winter can be an enjoyable time of year and that not everyone need move to warmer climes from November through May.

It has often been said that many communities in northern latitudes are living in denial of their northern climate. As evidence, they point to the fact that many northern cities are designed in much the same way that southern/warm-climate cities are designed.

## Livable Winter Cities Association

The Livable Winter Cities Association was formed in 1982 by a group of people from across North America and once had chapters in Minneapolis, Ottawa, and Anchorage. Members included cities, planners, architects, engineers, and other interested persons from around the world. From 1982 to 2005, the Association organized conferences, published books and the quarterly magazine "Winter Cities". As a non-profit managed by a dedicated but small group of volunteers, the Livable Winter Cities Association, in the end, struggled to maintain its mission. The Association mission is revived now through the efforts of the Winter Cites Institute, whose members include municipalities, community leaders and design professionals from around the world. In their 1986 publication, *Livable Winter Cities*, The American Institute of Architects and the Royal Architecture Institute of Canada defined winter cities as "places where the average January temperature is 32°F (0°C) or colder, and that are generally located above 45° latitude." Definitions of a what a winter city is have since changed to focus more on the concept of winter city thinking than relying on specific temperatures and geographies of a city.

*Livable Winter Cities*, published in 1986 in Edmonton, provides a solid context and background of the city's relationship with winter. The book emphasizes the lack of literature on the design of winter cities, and attempts to provide a comprehensive resource for winter cities, at a time when it was a relatively newer topic. It outlines the historical roots of Edmonton, claiming "northern cities in the west were built almost entirely in the twentieth century by private and public builders working on their properties, to answer their own needs". This focus on private and individualistic needs has left our city unconnected, spread out, and ill-equipped to deal with winter. *Livable Winter Cities* claims that most efforts in Winter Cities have centered on bringing a sense of the outdoors inside, however, there a need to extend some of the comforts of the indoors to the world of outdoor public spaces. For outdoor spaces, they suggest that outdoor spaces consider solar access, include heat islands, and essentially have a winter purpose. Along with this, inviting lighting, use of colour, and ice or snow sculpture should be included as well.

## The Winter Cities Institute

Northern communities or "winter cities" have great opportunities to mitigate negative effects of the winter season while reinforcing the many positive aspects to create a vibrant, sustainable and livable environment for a prosperous future. The sustainability of winter cities requires a creative approach that addresses the problems of snow and cold while enhancing the advantages, opportunities and beauty of the winter season. A positive approach benefits the attitudes of residents, and bolsters the community's ability to attract new business and residents.

The mission of the Winter Cities Institute is to provide information, resources and networking opportunities for those who desire to make northern communities more livable and sustainable. Their goal is to be the best source for information, research, reports, plans and news about winter cities from around the northern world, focusing on how to make the best of the winter season.

The membership includes architects, planners, landscape architects, engineers, elected and appointed city officials, parks and recreation professionals, economic developers, and community leaders and activists interested in learning new approaches and exchanging success stories.

The Winter Cities Institute website offers a vast collection of materials about winter cities. A selection of resource materials is provided at no cost, however, membership provides access to the large library of the Winter Cities Institute.

## Features of a Winter City

Winter is often perceived as a negative force that generates inconvenience and added cost, in part due to cities and buildings planned and constructed as if they were in a southern, warmer location.

City and town planning, site design, transportation and infrastructure engineering, and architecture can all benefit through the application of "Winter City" design principles that work with nature rather than against it, in order to make winter a positive part of a four-season lifestyle. The goal is to create livability, reduce human discomfort, promote energy efficiency and the economic sustainability of northern places.

## European Winter Cities

From 2010 to 2020, Luleå University of Technology's Architecture Group focused on research into Swedish winter cities. Luleå City was an original member of the Winter Cities Association. Under the direction of Kristina L Nilsson, architect SAR/ MSA, Professor emerita of Architecture, Member of the Royal Academy of Engineering, Board member of the National Renovation Center and Swedish representative in the Nordic Planning Research Network PLANNORD, this led to a number of key projects and PhD theses.

1. Urban design of winter cities: Winter season connectivity for soft mobility
2. Heritagisation, re-heritagisation and de-heritagisation of built environments: The urban transformation of Kiruna, Sweden
3. Outdoor Comfort in Cold Climates: Integrating Microclimate Factors in Urban Design
4. Attractiveness in Urban Design: A study of the production of attractive places

The full list of resulting studies, documents and articles can be found here

Major projects connected to this research include the moving of the Arctic City, Kiruna.

To progress this line of inquiry, the group has strong links with the University of the Arctic (UArctic) and the Architect Five, a forum for collaboration of the five universities in the northern Fennoscandian region: University of Oulu, University of Lapland, Luleå University of Technology, UiT -The Arctic University of Norway, and Umeå University

Overarching considerations in this work encompass current planning agenda's of human health and well-being, climate change, global warming and place attractiveness. For urban design in particular the work expands the notion of green/ blue infrastructure planning to 'WHITE, GREEN, BLUE' - to encompass the winter season.

Historically important Architects and Planners include Ralph Erskine and Anne Brit Børve.

Cities and towns actively planning and designing for winter use include:

## Winter City Edmonton

In 2013 the city of Edmonton approved the WinterCity Strategy. This strategy has four pillars of focus– Winter Life, Winter Design, Winter Economy, and Our Winter Story. In 2016, the City released the Winter City Design Guidelines, a document that outlines how to best equip our city to thrive and function in the winter months. The guidelines cover many areas of design— streets, architecture, infrastructure, vegetation, public art, way finding, transit, and more. The guidelines offer five main principles of design for a winter city.

1. Incorporate strategies to block wind, particular prevailing winds and downdrafts
2. Maximize sun exposure through orientation and design
3. Use of colour to enliven the winterscape
4. Create visual interest with light, while being mindful of intensity, spread, contrast, and colour
5. Design and provide infrastructure that supports desired winter life and improves comfort and access in cold weather

Sun and wind exposure is a major area of consideration when thinking about urban design. For urban areas, taller buildings should be located on the north side of streets to avoid shadow casting over sidewalks and outdoor spaces. Along with these building considerations, side to side building heights should be varied by one- to two-storeys to reduce wind speeds. At the base of these buildings, compact, fine-grained developments create a more inviting and walkable area. Fine-grained is defined in these guidelines by "small blocks, narrow frontages, and frequent storefronts". For outdoor parks and streets, vegetation near roads must be able to withstand salt, sand, and gravel. Plant material along sidewalks or parking lots should be set back to allow for space for snow storage, and raised plant beds can protect damage from both snow clearing and grass cutting equipment. Deciduous trees are a great choice for south facing areas, as they allow sun to reach the ground during the winter months while providing shade in the warmer summer months. The guidelines also outline tips for lightning. Feature lighting is a great way to create an inviting atmosphere in the dim months, providing visual interest, landmarks, and a sense of safety. The city recommends that lighting face downward to reduce light pollution.

1. "Winter Design Guidelines" (PDF). *Edmonton.ca*.
2. American Institute of Architects (1986). *Livable Winter Cities*. Edmonton. pp. ii.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
3. American Institute of Architects (1986). *Livable Winter Cities*. Edmonton. p. 4.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
4. Chapman, D., Nilsson, K., Larsson, A., & Rizzo, A. (2017). Climatic barriers to soft-mobility in winter: Lulea, Sweden as case study. Sustainable Cities and Society, 35, 574–580.


title: Zaostro

abstract: Zaostro is a village in the municipality of Priboj, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 88 people.

text:
# Zaostro

**Zaostro** is a village in the municipality of Priboj, Serbia. According to the 2002 census, the village has a population of 88 people.

43°29′N 19°15′E / 43.483°N 19.250°E / 43.483; 19.250

## InfoBox

| Zaostro | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Zaostro | |
| Coordinates: 43°29′N 19°15′E / 43.483°N 19.250°E / 43.483; 19.250 | |
| Country | Serbia |
| District | Zlatibor District |
| Municipality | Priboj |
| Population (2002) | |
| Total | 88 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Max Planck Institute for Informatics

abstract: The Max Planck Institute for Informatics is a research institute in computer science with a focus on algorithms and their applications in a broad sense. It hosts fundamental research as well a research for various application domains. Founded November 1988 by the Max Planck Society, Germany's largest publicly funded body for foundation research, MPII is located on the campus of Saarland University.

text:
# Max Planck Institute for Informatics

The **Max Planck Institute for Informatics** (German: *Max-Planck-Institut für Informatik*, abbreviated *MPI-INF* or *MPII*) is a research institute in computer science with a focus on algorithms and their applications in a broad sense. It hosts fundamental research (algorithms and complexity, programming logics) as well a research for various application domains (computer graphics, geometric computation, constraint solving, computational biology).

Founded November 1988 by the Max Planck Society, Germany's largest publicly funded body for foundation research, MPII is located on the campus of Saarland University.

## Research departments

The institute promotes six departments and three independent research groups on its website. The six departments are Algorithms and Complexity; Computer Vision and Machine Learning; Internet Architecture; Computer Graphics; Databases and Information Systems; and Visual Computing and Artificial Intelligence. The three research groups are Research Group Computational Biology; Automation of Logic; and Network and Cloud Systems.

The institute, along with the Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), the German Research Centre for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) and the entire Computer Science department of Saarland University, is involved in the Internationales Begegnungs- und Forschungszentrum für Informatik.

The International Max Planck Research School for Computer Science (IMPRS-CS) is the graduate school of the MPII and the MPI-SWS. It was founded in 2000 and offers a fully funded PhD-Program in cooperation with Saarland University. Dean is Gerhard Weikum.

## Awards and recognition

Institute faculty members have received numerous awards, including The Leibniz Prize awarded to Kurt Mehlhorn (1987), Hans-Peter Seidel (2003), and Anja Feldmann (2011); the Konrad Zuse Medal granted to Kurt Mehlhorn (1995), Thomas Lengauer (2003), and Gerhard Weikum (2021); and the Karl Heinz Beckurts-Preis given to Kurt Mehlhorn (1994) and Christian Theobalt (2017); as well as ACM Fellowships given to Kurt Mehlhorn (1999), Gerhard Weikum (2006), Thomas Lengauer (2021), and Bernt Schiele (2021).

49°15′28″N 7°2′44″E / 49.25778°N 7.04556°E / 49.25778; 7.04556

## InfoBox

Max Planck Institute for Informatics
|
|  |
| Abbreviation | MPI-INF or MPII |
| Formation | 1988 (1988) |
| Type | Research institute |
| Headquarters | Saarbrücken, Saarland, Germany |
| Website | www.mpi-inf.mpg.de |


title: Philip Mizzi

abstract: Philip Mizzi is a Maltese actor with a varied body of work on stage, television and film. He has performed in feature and short films such as Agora, Sinbad, Plangent Rain, The Isle and portrayed the protagonist Paul in the award-winning short film In the End.

text:
# Philip Mizzi

**Philip Mizzi** (born 27 August 1945, Qormi, Malta) is a Maltese actor with a varied body of work on stage, television and film. He has performed in feature and short films such as *Agora*, *Sinbad*, *Plangent Rain*, *The Isle* and portrayed the protagonist Paul in the award-winning short film *In the End*.

## Early life

Philip Mizzi was born to Carmel and Nazzarena (née Psaila) Mizzi, the eldest of ten siblings. His father, a local cinema projectionist kindled his love for the visual arts. His main pastime was analyzing films. Although he wanted to follow an acting course, he had to put these plans on hold. After he left school, he gained employment to help his parent financially to raise his younger siblings. It was only after he married, he seized on the opportunity and enrolled in an acting course at the MTADA.

## Career

His first television production was the religious inquisitive drama, *Kristu fl-Izbarra*, in 1979. He took on various roles and characters and had a monologue in the studio setup part of the teleplay. After this experience, he embarked on one of the most eclectic stage career portraying characters in plays like *Saturday, Sunday, Monday* by Eduardo De Filippo and as "Vinnie" in *The Odd Couple*.

In 1982, he traveled to London as part of *The Young Atturi* with the production of *The Idiot King* written by Saviour Pirotta. This got him to perform for disadvantage children in the London area. Another memorable experience was performing the Russian play, *Evening Light* in Moscow and St Petersburg in 1991. As part of the Maltese dramatic company Atturi, they also performed *Saturday, Sunday, Monday* for a Russian audience when the USSR was being dismantled.

In 1992, he joined the team of *Christopher Columbus-The Discovery* as a Crowd Marshal. He was in charge of extras casting for principal photography in Malta. This experience inspired him to conceive and expand the INGUARDIA parade with other various re-enactments like Birgu by Candlelight, The Mdina Festival and the traditional Maltese weddings in Mdina, Valletta, Mgarr and Qormi.

His recent performance was as Paul in the short film *In the end*, for which Philip was awarded the Best Performance award in the Malta Cine-Circle National Film Competition. The film went on to win two other International awards in the New York International Film Festival and The Indie in California.

## Personal life

Philip is married to MaryAnn Cardona and has two sons, Alexis and Ramon. He still lives in Qormi and is still actively involved in the organizations of annual events and ceremonies.

## InfoBox

| Philip Mizzi | |
| --- | --- |
| Philip in 2010 | |
| Born | (1945-08-27) 27 August 1945<br>Qormi, Malta |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1979–present |


title: Marina Rosenfeld

abstract: Marina Rosenfeld is an American composer, sound artist and visual artist based in New York City. Her work has been produced and presented by the Park Avenue Armory, Museum of Modern Art, Portikus (Frankfurt), Donaueschinger Musiktage, and such international surveys as documenta 14 and the Montreal, Liverpool, PERFORMA, and Whitney biennials, among many others. She has performed widely as an improvising turntablist, and served as co-chair of Music/Sound in the MFA program at the Milton Avery School of the Arts, Bard College, from 2007 to 2020. She has also taught at Harvard, Yale, Brooklyn College, and Dartmouth.

text:
# Marina Rosenfeld

**Marina Rosenfeld** is an American composer, sound artist and visual artist based in New York City. Her work has been produced and presented by the Park Avenue Armory, Museum of Modern Art, Portikus (Frankfurt), Donaueschinger Musiktage, and such international surveys as documenta 14 and the Montreal, Liverpool, PERFORMA, and Whitney biennials, among many others. She has performed widely as an improvising turntablist, and served as co-chair of Music/Sound in the MFA program at the Milton Avery School of the Arts, Bard College, from 2007 to 2020. She has also taught at Harvard, Yale, Brooklyn College, and Dartmouth.

## Early life and education

Born in New York, NY, in 1968, she moved with her family to New Jersey at a young age. Rosenfeld graduated from Harvard University in 1991 with an AB in music and then attended California Institute of the Arts, where she received an MFA in fine arts and music in 1994. At CalArts, her teachers included Michael Asher, Charles Gaines, Morton Subotnick, Tom Lawson, and Lucky Moscow.

## Work and career

Rosenfeld's first major work was the *Sheer Frost Orchestra* (1993). Scored for 17 women with 17 guitars and amplifiers, the piece directs its participants via a graphic score to manipulate nail polish bottles in a series of one-fisted choreographic actions: drop, hop, drone, slide, or scratch across the instrument. Sheer Frost Orchestra has been mounted in Los Angeles (Los Angeles Contemporary Exhibitions), San Francisco (Mills College), London (Tate Modern), New York City (Greene Naftali; Whitney Museum of American Art), Cleveland (Cleveland Museum of Art), Chicago (Sexing Sound Symposium); and Innsbruck (Kunstraum Innsbruck).

*WHITE LINES* (2003–12) is a multi-channel installation consisting of live-action video projections bisected by pairs of animated white lines that fluctuate in width and opacity. Live, improvising musicians have performed these “scores” in Vienna, Perth, New York, Rome, Tbilisi, and Barcelona, among other locations.

*Teenage Lontano* was Rosenfeld's contribution to the 2008 Whitney Biennial, a "cover version" of composer György Ligeti's 1967 orchestral work *Lontano*, reconfigured as a choral composition for teenagers. In performance, a choir of teenagers sings along to a suite of 17 different vocal scores heard via earphones and mp3 players. *Teenage Lontano* has been re-staged in Slovenia, Holland, Australia and Norway, and an installation version has also been exhibited at Tou-Scene (Stavanger, Sweden), the James Gallery (CUNY Graduate Center, New York), and the Cleveland Museum of Contemporary Art. In his review of the 2008 premiere, *New York* magazine's art critic, Jerry Saltz, wrote, "Watching this piece, I felt the opening of a portal between a failed utopian past and the possibility that the more real present is already something to love. I was transported."

Rosenfeld composed *Cannons* for four large, resonating “bass cannons” (steel pipes fitted with subwoofers), 2 oversized horn-and-driver pairs, and ensemble (percussion, viola, cello and the composer on turntables) in resonant space. Ranging from one to seven meters long, the cannons were capable of reproducing bass frequencies with unusual fidelity. The concert portion of the work was approximately 30 minutes. It was commissioned in 2010 by UK festival Faster Than Sound, and has also been produced in Australia at the Midlands Railway Workshops, by Ensemble Decibel and Festival THNM/Tura New Music.

The work *roygbiv&b* constituted Rosenfeld's contribution to the exhibition “Instructions Lab” at the Museum of Modern Art (NY) in 2011. A punning gloss on spectral composition, the work uses the figure of the rainbow to project sound vertically in an architecture; it requires a custom loudspeaker installation and battery of live performers, which have included teenagers, amateur choirs, double basses, and brass. This piece was also mounted at the South London Gallery in 2014 and at the Serralves Museum & Foundation, (Porto, Portugal), in 2011, in a version called “Rainbow Gathering.” In performance, musicians read a score that employs homonyms on the first letters of the colors of the rainbow (red, “are”; blue, “be”; orange, “oh”; yellow, “why”; etc.)

*Six Inversions (After Arnold Schoenberg)*, of 2013, is a two-channel video work that was commissioned by the Arnold Schoenberg Center in Vienna. Rosenfeld applies the Schoenbergian method of inversion to video scenes recorded in Schoenberg's home and archive, in which collaborator Anthony Coleman improvises on Schoenberg ephemera (sketches, notes, fragments, and so on). The work later appeared in Rosenfeld's solo show, “After Notation,” at the Bard Center for Curatorial Studies at Bard College in 2017.

Rosenfeld wrote *Free Exercise* in 2014 for a mixed ensemble of military and experimental musicians. Premiered at the Borealis Festival in Bergen, Norway, a version of the work was also mounted in 2016 for the Biennale de Montreal. *Free Exercise* employs large-format score materials and choreographed formations to stage moments of unison and disunison among the military regimental band and a looser collective of improvising musicians.

For a 2017 solo show at Kunsthalle Portikus, Rosenfeld developed *Deathstar*. An installation with a performance component, the work hung a multi-microphone array from the high ceiling of the gallery. The array recorded continuously during the four weeks of the show, routing its signal through live-processing computer software and then back out into the space, with variable delays, through four loudspeakers. She also added pre-recorded soundfiles to the mix. During the course of the show, Rosenfeld transcribed the sounds of installation into notation for solo piano, which was performed by Marino Formenti for five hours at the close of the exhibition. At Musiktage Donaueschinger 2017, Rosenfeld premiered *Deathstar Orchestration*, a new version of the work for Ensemble Musikfabrik, with Formenti again as the soloist.

She has composed or improvised music for such choreographers as Merce Cunningham, Maria Hassabi, and Ralph Lemon.

## Improvisation and turntablism

Rosenfeld has performed extensively as an improviser on turntables. She has performed with Ikue Mori, George Lewis, Philip Jeck, Otomo Yoshihide, Okkyung Lee, Sonic Youth, DJ Olive, the Rova Saxophone quartet, Christian Marclay, Andrew Cyrille, Nels Cline, Tony Conrad, Mattin, and Ken Vandermark, among many others.

## Awards and recognition

Rosenfeld's work has been reviewed or discussed in the *New York Times, the New Yorker, The Wire, New York, the Guardian, Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Signal to Noise, Bomb, Artforum, The Independent (London), Dusted, ArtNews, Frieze, TimeOut New York, Der Bund, Elle, San Francisco Chronicle, Los Angeles Times,* and a host of other publications. Seth Kim-Cohen discusses her work in *In the Blink of an Ear*, as does Caleb Kelly in *Gallery Sound*.

Rosenfeld has received grants and residencies from the Foundation for Contemporary Arts, the New York State Council on the Arts, Swedish Electronic Music Studios, New York Foundation for the Arts, Park Avenue Armory, Whitney Museum, STEIM (Amsterdam), and Yerba Buena Center for the Arts (San Francisco).

She is a recipient of The Watermill Center's 2019 Inga Maren Otto Fellowship.

Her writing was included in the second edition of *Audio Cultures: Readings in Modern Music* (2017), edited by Christoph Cox and Dan Warner, and in John Zorn's *Arcana 2: Musicians on Music* (2007).

## Discography

*Feel Anything* with Ben Vida (2019, iDEAL Recordings/Gothenburg)

*P.A./HARD LOVE* (2013, Room40/Sydney), with Okkyung Lee and Annette Henry a.k.a. Warrior Queen

*Sour Mash,* collaboration with George Lewis (2010, Innova/Minneapolis)

*Plastic Materials* (2009, Room40/Sydney)

*joy of fear* (2006, Softl/Cologne), with Okkyung Lee, cello

*DJTrio* appearance with Christian Marclay, Erik M and Toshio Kajiawara (Asphodel, San Francisco, 2003)

*the sheer frost orchestra: hop, drop, drone, slide, scratch and A for anything* (2001, Charhizma/Vienna)

*a water’s wake*, collaboration with Tim Barnes and Toshio Kajiwara (Quakebasket, NY, 2001)

*theforestthegardenthesea: music from Fragment opera* (1999, Charhizma/Vienna), producer Mayo Thompson

## InfoBox

| Marina Rosenfeld | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | New York, United States |
| Genres | Experimental
Avant-Garde
Sound art
Sound sculpture
sound installation |
| Years active | 1993present |
| Labels | Room40, iDEAL, Charhizma, Innova, Softl |
|  | |
| Website |  |