title: Oakdale Village Historic District

abstract: The Oakdale Village Historic District is a historic district encompassing the small 19th-century village of Oakdale in West Boylston, Massachusetts. Located at the confluence of the Stillwater and Quinepoxet Rivers near their outlet into the Wachusett Reservoir, the village consists mainly of Greek Revival houses, although later Victorian styles are also present in smaller numbers. Its state of preservation is partly because development in the area was effectively halted when the process of building the reservoir began in the 1890s. A significant portion of the village was destroyed to make way for the reservoir, and railroads and industry were forced to relocate. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

text:
# Oakdale Village Historic District

The **Oakdale Village Historic District** is a historic district encompassing the small 19th-century village of Oakdale in West Boylston, Massachusetts. Located at the confluence of the Stillwater and Quinepoxet Rivers near their outlet into the Wachusett Reservoir, the village consists mainly of Greek Revival houses, although later Victorian styles are also present in smaller numbers. Its state of preservation is partly because development in the area was effectively halted when the process of building the reservoir began in the 1890s. A significant portion of the village was destroyed to make way for the reservoir, and railroads and industry were forced to relocate.

The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Oakdale Village Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| Watermark Antiques | |
|  | |
| Location | West Boylston, Massachusetts |
| Coordinates | 42°23′20″N 71°47′48″W / 42.38889°N 71.79667°W / 42.38889; -71.79667 |
| Built | 1780 |
| Architectural style | Greek Revival, Italianate, Gothic |
| NRHP reference No. | 96000738 |
| Added to NRHP | July 5, 1996 |


title: Radical 158

abstract: Radical 158 or radical body (身部) meaning "body" is one of the 20 Kangxi radicals composed of 7 strokes. In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 97 characters to be found under this radical. 身 is also the 160th indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China.

text:
# Radical 158

**Radical 158** or **radical body** (身部) meaning **"body"** is one of the 20 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 7 strokes.

In the *Kangxi Dictionary*, there are 97 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

is also the 160th indexing component in the *Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components* predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China.

## Evolution

## Derived characters

| Strokes | Characters |
| --- | --- |
| +0 |  |
| +3 |  |
| +4 | (= -\> )  SC/JP (=軀) |
| +5 | (= -\> ) |
| +6 | (=躲) |
| +7 | (=躬) |
| +8 | (= -\> )  (= -\> ) |
| +9 |  |
| +10 |  |
| +11 |  |
| +12 | (=躲 /  -\> )  (= -\> ) JP (=軈) |
| +13 | (= -\> ) |
| +14 |  |
| +17 | JP |
| +20 |  |

## Sinogram

The radical is also used as an independent Chinese character. It is one of the Kyōiku kanji or Kanji taught in elementary school in Japan. It is a third grade kanji

## Literature

* Fazzioli, Edoardo (1987). *Chinese calligraphy : from pictograph to ideogram : the history of 214 essential Chinese/Japanese characters*. calligraphy by Rebecca Hon Ko. New York: Abbeville Press. ISBN 0-89659-774-1.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| (U+8EAB) "body" | |
| Pronunciations | |
| Pinyin: | shēn |
| Bopomofo: | ㄕㄣ |
| Wade–Giles: | shen1 |
| Cantonese Yale: | san1 |
| Jyutping: | san1, gyun1 |
| Japanese Kana: | シン shin (on'yomi)
み mi (kun'yomi) |
| Sino-Korean: | 신 sin |
| Hán-Việt: | thân |
| Names | |
| Chinese name(s): | 身字旁 shēnzìpáng |
| Japanese name(s): | 身/み mi
身偏/みへん mihen |
| Hangul: | 몸 mom |
| Stroke order animation | |
|  | |


title: Aba Andam

abstract: Professor Aba A. Bentil Andam is a Ghanaian particle physicist who was President of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences from 2017 to 2019. She is the first Ghanaian female physicist.

text:
# Aba Andam

Professor **Aba A. Bentil Andam** (born 1948) is a Ghanaian particle physicist who was President of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences from 2017 to 2019. She is the first Ghanaian female physicist.

## Early life and education

Aba A. Bentil Andam was born in Ghana in 1948 in Ajumako Kokoben. She had her secondary education at Mfantsiman Senior High School. She completed her undergraduate degree at the University of Cape Coast in Ghana (1969-1973), where she majored in physics and minored in mathematics. She sought further education in Britain where she earned a master's degree from the University of Birmingham (1976-1977) and a Ph.D. in Cosmic Radiation Physics from Durham University in the UK (1978-1981). At the University of Cape Coast and Durham University, she was the only woman physicist in the department during her time there.

## Career

In 1986, she became a chartered physicist and full member of the Institute of Physics. In addition to her scientific degrees, she is fluent in French, and has a number of different French language qualifications, including the Diplome de Langue d'Alliance Francaise de Paris; the French Proficiency Certificate of Ghana Institute of Languages; and the Certificate of Translation, Alliance Francaise de Paris.

In 1986 and 1987 she studied charmed mesons at the German research station DESY (Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron). Later, her research focused on radon and surveyed human exposure levels of the radioactive gas in Ghana. Andam was interested in determining how much radiation from radon Ghanaians were exposed to, and how she can reduce radon radiation exposure. She is also interested in radiation-based safety measures, such as working out a safety standard for X-ray scans.

Beginning in 1987, she participated in the Ghana Science Clinics for Girls, where female students and scientists met. The scientists then acted as role models to the students. These clinics led to increased performance in the students who took part, and the retention rates from primary to university considerably increased. Andam is passionate about sharing her love of science with young women and encouraging them to take up science.

Andam has been a professor at the Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology since 1981. She has headed the physics department since the mid 2000s, and from 2005 has been the WILKADO Chair of Science and Technology. She conducts research in applied nuclear physics at Kumasi's Nuclear Research Laboratory. She also was a part-time lecturer at the University of Cape Coast. She has served as the UNESCO chair of the Women in Science and Technology in Africa's West African region between 1996 and 2002.

Prof. Aba Andam has been a member of the National Council for Tertiary Education and has been honored with awards from various entities including Obaa Mbo, a television program, as well as The Women of Excellence Award from the Ministry of Gender. Additionally, recognition has been bestowed upon her by the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and the Chartered Institute of Supply Chain Management of Ghana.

Since September 2019, she has held the position of President at the Ghana Institute of Physics. She has also served as a member of the Commission on Physics and Development (C13) of the International Union of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) since 2018. Additionally, she has been a member of the Committee on the proposed African Light Source since 2020. In her extensive career, she has held key roles such as Foundation Chairman for the Council of the University of Energy and Natural Resources, Ghana (2012-2015), and Foundation Chairman for the Council of Koforidua Polytechnic, Ghana (1997-2002). Furthermore, she has contributed significantly as a member of the Governing Board of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (1997-2001, then 2002-2008). She is also recognized as a Foundation Member of the First IUPAP Working Group on Women in Physics and has led the Ghana Team of the IUPAP Conferences on Women in Physics to date.

## Honours and recognition

She is a fellow of various different scientific organizations namely; The World Innovation Foundation (from 2002), Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences (from 2003), and the Institute of Physics (from 2004). She was the President of the Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences (2017-2019), the second woman to hold this position.

## Personal life

She was married to Professor Kwesi Akwansah Andam who was a Civil Engineer, an academician and a former Vice Chancellor. They had four children.

## InfoBox

| ProfessorAba A. Bentil AndamPhD, CPhys, FInstP, FGA | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Elizabeth Aba Bentil Andam
1948
Ajumako Kokoben, Ghana |
| Nationality | Ghanaian |
| Education | University of Cape Coast
University of Birmingham
Durham University |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Particle physics, Nuclear Physics |
| Institutions | Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology
Ghana Academy of Arts and Sciences
University of Cape Coast
UNESCO |
|  | |


title: Groszki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship

abstract: Groszki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rybno, within Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Rybno, 25 km (16 mi) north-west of Działdowo, and 54 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn. The village was ceded to Poland after the East Prussian plebiscite in 1920.

text:
# Groszki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship

**Groszki** \[ˈɡrɔʂki\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rybno, within Działdowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-east of Rybno, 25 km (16 mi) north-west of Działdowo, and 54 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The village was ceded to Poland after the East Prussian plebiscite in 1920.

## InfoBox

| Groszki | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Groszki | |
| Coordinates: 53°25′N 19°58′E / 53.417°N 19.967°E / 53.417; 19.967 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Warmian-Masurian |
| County | Działdowo |
| Gmina | Rybno |
| Population | 118 |


abstract: The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Multi-Camera Comedy Series was awarded to one television series each year. Between 2003 and 2012, the category was consolidated to include both multi-camera and single-camera comedy series. In the following list, the first titles listed in gold are the winners; those not in gold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place.

text:
# Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Multi-Camera Comedy Series

The **Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Multi-Camera Comedy Series** was awarded to one television series each year. Between 2003 and 2012, the category was consolidated to include both multi-camera and single-camera comedy series.

In the following list, the first titles listed in gold are the winners; those not in gold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place.

## Winners and nominations

indicates the winner

**Outstanding Videotape Editing for a Series**

### 1970s

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1976
 |
| | *The Adams Chronicles* | "John Adams, Diplomat" | Girish Bhargava and Manford Schorn | PBS |
| | *Barney Miller* | "Happy New Year" | Homer Powell, Fred Golan and Paul Schatzkin | ABC |
| | *Sanford and Son* | "Earthquake II" | Ken Denisoff and Robert Veatch | NBC |
| | *Welcome Back, Kotter* | "The Telethon" | Susan Jenkins and Manuel Martínez | ABC |
| 1977
 |
| | *Visions* | "The War Widow" | Roy Stewart | PBS |
| | *C.P.O. Sharkey* | "Sharkey Boogies on Down" | Ken Denisoff and Stowell Werden | NBC |
| | *Meeting of Minds* | "Marie Antoinette / Sir Thomas More / Karl Marx / Ulysses S. Grant, Part 1" | Terry Pickford | PBS |
| | *Police Story* | "Ice Time" | Jimmy B. Frazier | NBC |
| 1978
 |
| | *The Carol Burnett Show* | "The Final Show" | Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| | *The Betty White Show* | "Pilot" | Chip Brooks | CBS |
| | *Husbands, Wives & Lovers* | "The One Where Everybody Is Looking for a Little Action" | | Marco Zappia |
| | *Laugh-In* | "Tina Turner" | Ed J. Brennan | NBC |
| | *Soap* | "102" | Gary Anderson | ABC |
| | *Three's Company* | "Chrissy, Come Home" | | Jerry Davis |
| 1979
 |
| | *Stockard Channing in Just Friends* | "Pilot" | Andy Zall | CBS |
| | *All in the Family* | "The 200th Episode Celebration" | Hal Collins and Harvey Berger | CBS |
|

### 1980s

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1980
 |
| | *The Muppet Show* | "Liza Minnelli" | John Hawkins | Syndicated |
| | *The Big Show* | "Tony Randall and Hervé Villechaize" | Ken Denisoff, Kevin Muldoon and Andy Zall | NBC |
| | *Fridays* | "Boz Scaggs" | Terry Pickford | ABC |
| | *A New Kind of Family* | "I Do" | | Marco Zappia |
| 1981
 |
| | *WKRP in Cincinnati* | "Bah Humbug" | Andy Ackerman | CBS |
| | *Barbara Mandrell and the Mandrell Sisters* | "Dolly Parton and John Schneider" | Andy Zall | NBC |
| | "Ray Stevens" | Ken Denisoff | |
| | *The Muppet Show* | "Brooke Shields" | John Hawkins | Syndicated |
| 1982
 |
| | *Barbara Mandrell and the Mandrell Sisters* | "Brenda Lee and Paul Williams" | Ken Denisoff | NBC |
| | *The Greatest American Hero* | "The Lost Diablo" | John Carrol, Mario DiMambro, Dave Goldson, Art Schneider and Roderic G. Stephens | ABC |
| | *Report to Murphy* | "High Noon" | Raymond M. Bush | CBS |
| | *WKRP in Cincinnati* | "Fire" | | Andy Ackerman |
| 1983
 |
| | *The Jeffersons* | "Change of a Dollar" | Larry Harris | CBS |
| | *Alice* | "Vera, the Torch" | Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| | *Archie Bunker's Place* | "Three Women" | | Marco Zappia |
| | *Newhart* | "Grandma, What a Big Mouth You Have" | | Andy Ackerman |
| | *Real People* | "502" | Diane Block, Tee Bosustow, Cary Gries, Michael Kelly, Doug Loviska, Bruce Motyer, Bill Paulsen, Nicholas Stein, Cynthia Vaughn and Joe Walsh | NBC |
| 1984
 |
| | *Fame* | "Gonna Learn How to Fly, Part 2" | Howard Brock | Syndicated |
| | *Benson* | "Down the Drain" | Michael Riolo | ABC |
| | *Fame* | "Break Dance" | Jim McElroy | Syndicated |
| | *Kate & Allie* | "Dear Diary" | Marco Zippia | CBS |
| 1985
 |
| | *Fame* | "Reflections" | Jim McElroy | Syndicated |
| | *Night Court* | "The Blizzard" | Jerry Davis | NBC |
|

**Outstanding Multi-Camera Editing for a Series**

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1986
 |
| | *The Cosby Show* | "Full House" | Henry Chan | NBC |
| | *Cheers* | "Birth, Death, Love and Rice" | Andy Ackerman | NBC |
| | "The Triangle" | Douglas Hines | |
| | *The Golden Girls* | "Pilot" | | Harold McKenzie |
| | *Night Court* | "Hurricane" | | Jerry Davis |
| 1987
 |
| | *Night Court* | "Her Honor, Part 1" | Jerry Davis | NBC |
| | *Cheers* | "Cheers: The Motion Picture" | Andy Ackerman | NBC |
| | *The Cosby Show* | "I Know That You Know" | | Henry Chan |
| | *Family Ties* | "Band on the Run" | | Gary Anderson and Jon Bellis |
| | *The Golden Girls* | "Twas the Nightmare Before Christmas" | | Harold McKenzie |
| 1988
 |
| | *Cheers* | "The Big Kiss-Off" | Andy Ackerman | NBC |
| | *Designing Women* | "Killing All the Right People" | Roger Bondelli | CBS |
| | *The Golden Girls* | "Old Friends" | Jim McElroy | NBC |
| | *Newhart* | "A Midseason Night's Dream" | Mike Wilcox | CBS |
| | *The Tracey Ullman Show* | "Ginny Redux," "Fear," "Real Lace" | Douglas Hines and M. Pam Blumenthal | Fox |
| 1989
 |
| | *Murphy Brown* | "Respect" | Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| | *Married... with Children* | "Requiem for a Dead Barber" | Larry Harris | Fox |
| | *Murphy Brown* | "It's How You Play the Game" | Jerry Davis | CBS |
| | *Roseanne* | "Toto, We're Not in Kansas Anymore" | Marco Zappia | ABC |
| | *The Tracey Ullman Show* | "To Masseur with Love," "Conjugal Visit" | Douglas Hines and M. Pam Blumenthal | Fox |
|

### 1990s

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1990
 |
| | *The Tracey Ullman Show* | "...And God Created Tillman," "Rare Talent" | Douglas Hines and M. Pam Blumenthal | Fox |
| | *Designing Women* | "The First Day of the Last Decade of the Entire 20th Century" | Judy Burke | CBS |
| | *Married... with Children* | "Who'll Stop the Rain" | Larry Harris | Fox |
| | *Murphy Brown* | "The Strike" | Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| | *Newhart* | "The Last Newhart" | | Mike Wilcox |
| 1991
 |
| | *Murphy Brown* | "On Another Plane" | Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| | *Cheers* | "The Days of Wine and Neuroses" | Andy Ackerman | NBC |
| | "Rat Girl" | Sheila Amos | |
| | *Coach* | "The Break-Up" | Andrew Chulack | ABC |
| 1992
 |
| | *Seinfeld* | "The Subway" | Janet Ashikaga | NBC |
| | *Cheers* | "An Old Fashioned Wedding" | Robert Bramwell and Peter Chakos | NBC |
| | *Coach* | "A Real Guy's Guy" | Andrew Chulack | ABC |
| | *Home Improvement* | "Stereo Typical" | | Marco Zappia and Alex Gimenez |
| | *Murphy Brown* | "Send in the Clowns" | Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| 1993
 |
| | *Cheers* | "One for the Road" | Robert Bramwell | NBC |
| | *Coach* | "Vows" | Andrew Chulack | ABC |
| | *Home Improvement* | "To Build or Not to Build" | | Marco Zappia and Alex Gimenez |
| | *Murphy Brown* | "The World According to Avery" | Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| | *Seinfeld* | "The Pilot" | Janet Ashikaga | NBC |
| 1994
 |
| | *Frasier* | "The Show Where Lilith Comes Back" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *Seinfeld* | "The Opposite" | | Janet Ashikaga |
| | *Coach* | "The Luck Stops Here" | Andrew Chulack | ABC |
| | *Home Improvement* | "It Was the Best of Tim's, It Was the Worst of Tim's" | | Marco Zappia and Roger Ames Berger |
| | *Murphy Brown* | "Socks and the Single Woman" | Robert Souders and Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| 1995
 |
| | *Seinfeld* | "The Diplomat's Club" | Janet Ashikaga | NBC |
| | *Frasier* | "The Matchmaker" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *Friends* | "The One with Two Parts, Part 2" | | Andy Zall |
| | *Home Improvement* | "Don't Tell Momma" | Marco Zappia and Roger Ames Berger | ABC |
| | *Mad About You* | "The Ride Home" | Sheila Amos | NBC |
| 1996
 |
| | *Frasier* | "The Show Where Diane Comes Back" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *Frasier* | "The Adventures of Bad Boy and Dirty Girl" | Timothy Mozer | NBC |
| | *Home Improvement* | "The Longest Day" | Marco Zappia and Roger Ames Berger | ABC |
| | *Murphy Brown* | "Up in Smoke" | Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| | *Seinfeld* | "The Rye" | Janet Ashikaga | NBC |
|

**Outstanding Multi-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series**

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1997
 |
| | *Ellen* | "The Puppy Episode" | Kris Trexler | ABC |
| | *Frasier* | "To Kill a Mockingbird" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *The Larry Sanders Show* | "Everybody Loves Larry" | Leslie Tolan and Sean K. Lambert | HBO |
| | "My Name Is Asher Kingsley" | Leslie Tolan and Paul Anderson | |
| | *Seinfeld* | "The Pothole" | Skip Collector | NBC |
| 1998
 |
| | *Frasier* | "Room Service" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *Frasier* | "Roz and the Schnoz" | Janet Ashikaga | NBC |
| | *The Larry Sanders Show* | "Flip" | Leslie Tolan, Paul Anderson and Sean K. Lambert | HBO |
| | *Murphy Brown* | "Opus One" | Tucker Wiard | CBS |
| | *Seinfeld* | "The Finale" | Skip Collector | NBC |
| 1999
 |
| | *Sports Night* | "Small Town" | Janet Ashikaga | ABC |
| | *Frasier* | "Shutout in Seattle" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *Just Shoot Me!* | "Two Girls for Every Boy" | | Paul Anderson |
| | *3rd Rock from the Sun* | "Dick and Taxes" | | Vince Humphrey |
|

### 2000s

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000
 |
| | *Frasier* | "Something Borrowed, Something Blue" | Ron Volk and Scott Maisano | NBC |
| | *Frasier* | "Dark Side of the Moon" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *Friends* | "The One with the Proposal" | | Stephen Prime |
| | *Sports Night* | "The Cut Man Cometh" | Janet Ashikaga | ABC |
| | *Will & Grace* | "Ben? Her?" | Peter Chakos | NBC |
| 2001
 |
| | *Frasier* | "Daphne Returns" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *The Drew Carey Show* | "Drew's in a Coma" | John Fuller | ABC |
| | *Everybody Loves Raymond* | "Italy" | Patricia Barnett | CBS |
| | *Spin City* | "Minor League" | Noel Rogers | ABC |
| | *Will & Grace* | "Lows in the Mid-Eighties" | Peter Chakos | NBC |
| 2002
 |
| | *Frasier* | "The Proposal" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *Everybody Loves Raymond* | "Talk to Your Daughter" | Patricia Barnett | CBS |
| | *Friends* | "The One with the Halloween Party" | Kenny Tintorri | NBC |
| | "The One with the Rumor" | Stephen Prime | |
| | *Will & Grace* | "A Chorus Lie" | | Peter Chakos |
| 2003
 |
| | *Frasier* | "Rooms with a View" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *Everybody Loves Raymond* | "She's the One" | Patricia Barnett | CBS |
| | *Friends* | "The One in Barbados" | Stephen Prime | NBC |
| | "The One with Ross's Inappropriate Song" | Kenny Tintorri | |
| | *Will & Grace* | "Marry Me a Little, Marry Me a Little More" | | Peter Chakos |
| 2004
 |
| | *Frasier* | "Goodnight, Seattle" | Ron Volk | NBC |
| | *Everybody Loves Raymond* | "Golf for It" | Patricia Barnett | CBS |
| | *Friends* | "The Last One" | Stephen Prime | NBC |
| | *That '70s Show* | "Sparks" | David Helfand | Fox |
| | *Will & Grace* | "Last Ex to Brooklyn" | Peter Chakos | NBC |
| 2005
 |
| | *Scrubs* | "My Life in Four Cameras" | John Michel | NBC |
| | *Everybody Loves Raymond* | "The Faux Pas" | Patricia Barnett | CBS |
| | *That '70s Show* | "Angie" | Michael Karlich | Fox |
| | *Two and a Half Men* | "It Was Mame, Mom" | Joe Bella | CBS |
| | *Will & Grace* | "The Newlydreads" | Peter Chakos | NBC |
| 2006
 |
| | *Two and a Half Men* | "That Special Tug" | Joe Bella | CBS |
| | *Late Night with Conan O'Brien* | "2198" | Katherine Babiak, Vic Fabilli, Liz Gross and Mark Jankeloff | NBC |
| | *Late Show with David Letterman* | "2519" | James Alkins, Tom Catusi, Andrew Evangelista, Stephen Hostomsky, Mona Lu and Mark Spada | CBS |
| | *That '70s Show* | "We Will Rock You" | Michael Karlich | Fox |
| | *Will & Grace* | "The Finale" | Peter Chakos | NBC |
| 2007
 |
| | *Two and a Half Men* | "Release the Dogs" | Joe Bella | CBS |
| | *American Idol* | "Idol Gives Back" | Bill DeRonde, Oren Castro, Gus Comegys, John Cox, Patrick Franks, Narumi Inatsugu, Peter Tim Perniciaro, Jeff Roe and Ryan Tanner | Fox |
| | *The Daily Show with Jon Stewart* | "12043" | Tonya Dreher, Graham Frazier, Mark Paone, Daric Schlesselman, Einar Westerlund and Rob York | Comedy Central |
| | *Dancing with the Stars* | "304" | Ned Kerwin, Pamela Malouf, David Timoner and Hans van Riet | ABC |
| | *How I Met Your Mother* | "Robin Sparkles" | Sue Federman | CBS |
|

Between 2008 and 2011, multi-camera sitcoms competed alongside single-camera sitcoms for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Comedy Series (Single or Multi-Camera).

### 2010s

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012
(64th)
 | *How I Met Your Mother* | "Trilogy Time" | Susan Federman | CBS |
| | *The Big Bang Theory* | "The Countdown Reflection" | Peter Chakos | CBS |
| | *Hot in Cleveland* | "God and Football" | Mark Alan Dashnaw | TV Land |
| | *Two and a Half Men* | "Why We Gave Up Women" | Joseph Bella | CBS |
| | *2 Broke Girls* | "And the Kosher Cupcakes" | | Darryl Bates |
| 2013
(65th)
 | *How I Met Your Mother* | "P.S. I Love You" | Susan Federman | CBS |
| | *The Big Bang Theory* | "The Love Spell Potential" | Peter Chakos | CBS |
| | *The Colbert Report* | "9082" | Christein Aromando and Andrew Matheson | Comedy Central |
| | *Conan* | "Occupy Conan" | Robert James Ashe, Dan Dome, Dave Grecu and Chris Heller | TBS |
| | *Hot in Cleveland* | "Magic Diet Candy" | Ronald A. Volk | TV Land |
| 2014
(66th)
 | *The Big Bang Theory* | "The Cooper Extraction" | Peter Chakos | CBS |
| | *The Colbert Report* | "9115" | Christein Aromando and Jason Baker | Comedy Central |
| | *The Daily Show with Jon Stewart* | "19006" | | Robert York, Eric Davies, Graham Frazier and Daric Schlesselman |
| | *How I Met Your Mother* | "Gary Blauman" | Sue Federman | CBS |
| | *Jimmy Kimmel Live!* | "Behind the Scandelabra" | James Crowe, Jason Bielski, Brian Marsh, Kevin McCullough and Matt Williams | ABC |
| 2015
(67th)
 | *The Big Bang Theory* | "The Comic Book Store Regeneration" | Peter Chakos | CBS |
| | *Hot in Cleveland* | "I Hate Goodbyes" | Ronald A. Volk | TV Land |
| | *Mike & Molly* | "Fight to the Finish" | Stephen Prime | CBS |
| | *2 Broke Girls* | "And the Move-In Meltdown" | | Darryl Bates and Ben Bosse |
| 2016
(68th)
 | *The Big Bang Theory* | "The Opening Night Excitation" | Peter Chakos | CBS |
| | *Horace and Pete* | "103" | Gina Sansom | LouisCK.net |
| | *Last Man Standing* | "The Road Less Driven" | Kris Trexler | ABC |
| | *Mike & Molly* | "I See Love" | Stephen Prime | CBS |
| | *Mom* | "Atticus Finch and the Downtrodden" | | Ben Bosse and Joe Bella |
| | *2 Broke Girls* | "And the Sax Problems" | | Darryl Bates |
| 2017
(69th)
 |
| | *The Big Bang Theory* | "The Holiday Summation" | Peter Chakos | CBS |
| | *Last Man Standing* | "Trick or Treat" | Kris Trexler | ABC |
| | *Mom* | "Bad Hand and British Royalty" | Joe Bella | CBS |
| | *One Day at a Time* | "A Snowman's Tale" | Pat Barnett | Netflix |
| | *2 Broke Girls* | "And the Planes, Fingers and Automobiles" | Chris Poulos | CBS |
| 2018
(70th)
 |
| | *Will & Grace* | "Grandpa Jack" | Peter Beyt | NBC |
| | *The Big Bang Theory* | "The Bow Tie Asymmetry" | Peter Chakos | CBS |
| | *Mom* | "Crazy Snakes and a Clog to the Head" | | Joe Bella |
| | *One Day at a Time* | "Not Yet" | Pat Barnett | Netflix |
| | *Roseanne* | "Darlene v. David" | Brian Schnuckel | ABC |
| 2019
(71st)
 |
| | *One Day at a Time* | "The Funeral" | Pat Barnett | Netflix |
| | *The Big Bang Theory* | "The Stockholm Syndrome" | Peter Chakos | CBS |
| | *The Conners* | "Keep on Truckin'" | Brian Schnuckel | ABC |
| | *Mom* | "Big Floor Pillows and a Ball of Fire" | Joe Bella | CBS |
| | *Will & Grace* | "Family, Trip" | Peter Beyt | NBC |

### 2020s

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020
(72nd)
 |
| | *One Day at a Time* | "Boundaries" | Cheryl Campsmith | Pop TV |
| | *The Conners* | "Slappy Holidays" | Brian Schnuckel | ABC |
| | *Will & Grace* | "We Love Lucy" | Peter Beyt | NBC |
| | "What a Dump" | Joseph Fulton | |
| 2021
(73rd)
 |
| | *The Conners* | "Jeopardé, Sobrieté And Infidelité" | Brian Schnuckel | ABC |
| | *Man with a Plan* | "Driving Miss Katie" | Sue Federman | CBS |
| | *Mom* | "Scooby-Doo Checks and Salisbury Steak" | | Joe Bella |
| 2022
(74th)
 |
| | *How I Met Your Father* | "Timing Is Everything" | Sue Federman | Hulu |
| | *Call Me Kat* | "Call Me by My Middle Name" | Pamela Marshall | Fox |
| 2023
(75th)
 |
| | *Night Court* | "Pilot" | Kirk Benson and Chris Poulos | NBC |
| | *Call Me Kat* | "Call Me Consciously Uncoupled" | Pamela Marshall | Fox |
| | *How I Met Your Father* | "Daddy" | Russell Griffin | Hulu |
| | *The Upshaws* | "Duct Up" | Russell Griffin and Angel Gamboa Bryant | Netflix |
| | "Off Beat" | Angel Gamboa Bryant | |
| 2024
(76th)
 |
| | *How I Met Your Father* | "Okay Fine, It's a Hurricane" | Russell Griffin | Hulu |
| | *Frasier* | "Blind Date" | Joseph Fulton | Paramount+ |
| | *Night Court* | "Wheelers of Fortune" | Stephen Prime | NBC |
| | *The Upshaws* | "Ain't Broke" | Angel Gamboa Bryant and Brian LeCoz | Netflix |
| | "Auto Motives" | Angel Gamboa Bryant | |

## Programs with multiple awards

Totals include wins for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Comedy Series (Single or Multi-Camera).

## Programs with multiple nominations

Totals include nominations for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Comedy Series (Single or Multi-Camera).

## InfoBox

| Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for a Multi-Camera Comedy Series | |
| --- | --- |
| Awarded for | Outstanding Picture Editing for a Multi-Camera Comedy Series |
| Country | United States |
| Presented by | Academy of Television Arts & Sciences |
| Currently held by | *How I Met Your Father* (2024) |
| Website | emmys.com |


title: Wisconsin's 98th Assembly district

abstract: The 98th Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Located in southeastern Wisconsin, the district comprises part of northern Waukesha County and the southeast corner of Washington County. It includes most of the city of Hartford along with the villages of Sussex and Merton. The district also contains the Pike Lake State Park. The district is represented by Republican Adam Neylon, since April 2013. The 98th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 33rd Senate district, along with the 97th and 99th Assembly districts.

text:
# Wisconsin's 98th Assembly district

The **98th Assembly district of Wisconsin** is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly. Located in southeastern Wisconsin, the district comprises part of northern Waukesha County and the southeast corner of Washington County. It includes most of the city of Hartford along with the villages of Sussex and Merton. The district also contains the Pike Lake State Park. The district is represented by Republican Adam Neylon, since April 2013.

The 98th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 33rd Senate district, along with the 97th and 99th Assembly districts.

## List of past representatives

List of representatives to the Wisconsin State Assembly from the 98th district
| Member | Party | Residence | Counties represented | Term start | Term end | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *District created* | | | | | | |
| Edward Jackamonis | Dem. | Waukesha | Waukesha | January 1, 1973 | January 3, 1983 |  |
| Charles Chvala | Dem. | Madison | Dane | January 3, 1983 | January 7, 1985 |  |
| Peggy Rosenzweig | Rep. | Wauwatosa | Milwaukee, Waukesha | January 7, 1985 | January 4, 1993 |  |
| Marc C. Duff | Rep. | New Berlin | | January 4, 1993 | January 6, 2003 |  |
| Scott Jensen | Rep. | Waukesha | Waukesha | January 6, 2003 | March 21, 2006 |  |
| *--Vacant--* | | | | March 21, 2006 | January 1, 2007 |  |
| Rich Zipperer | Rep. | Pewaukee | | January 1, 2007 | January 3, 2011 |  |
| Paul Farrow | Rep. | Pewaukee | | January 3, 2011 | January 7, 2013 |  |
| *--Vacant--* | | | | January 7, 2013 | April 16, 2013 |  |
| Adam Neylon | Rep. | Pewaukee | | April 16, 2013 | *Current* |  |

## InfoBox

| Wisconsin's 98th
State Assembly district | |
| --- | --- |
| --- | |
| 2024 map defined in 2023 Wisc. Act 94
2022 map defined in *Johnson v. Wisconsin Elections Commission*
2011 map was defined in 2011 Wisc. Act 43 | |
| Assemblymember | Adam Neylon
Pewaukee  since April 16, 2013 (11 years) |
| Demographics | 92.65% White
1.09% Black
2.68% Hispanic
1.84% Asian
0.99% Native American
0.09% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander |
| Population (2020)
Voting age | 59,835
46,126 |
| Website | Official website |
| Notes | Southeast Wisconsin |


title: Martin Chorý

abstract: Martin Chorý is a retired Czech forward. His son, Tomáš, is also a footballer.

text:
# Martin Chorý

**Martin Chorý** (born 28 August 1970) is a retired Czech forward. His son, Tomáš, is also a footballer.

## InfoBox

Martin Chorý
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1970-08-28) 28 August 1970 | | |
| Place of birth | Czech Republic | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1993–1996 | Hanácká Slávia Kroměříž |  |  |
| 1997–1999 | AFK Atlantic Lázně Bohdaneč | 23 | (1) |
| 1999–2003 | Hanácká Slávia Kroměříž |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Martin Down Enclosure

abstract: The Martin Down Enclosure is an archaeological site on Martin Down, near the village of Martin, in Hampshire, England. It is near the boundaries with Dorset and Wiltshire. The site is a scheduled monument, and it is one of several archaeological features on Martin Down, such as Bokerley Dyke. The enclosure is the original example of a type of prehistoric feature, the "Martin Down style enclosure": they are small enclosures of the Bronze Age, area often less than 0.3 hectares, considered to be domestic settlements. They have mostly been found on downland of central southern England, usually situated on hillsides. Other examples are on Harrow Hill and Thundersbarrow Hill, both in West Sussex, South Lodge in Wiltshire, and on Shearplace Hill in Dorset.

text:
# Martin Down Enclosure

The **Martin Down Enclosure** is an archaeological site on Martin Down, near the village of Martin, in Hampshire, England. It is near the boundaries with Dorset and Wiltshire.

The site is a scheduled monument, and it is one of several archaeological features on Martin Down, such as Bokerley Dyke.

The enclosure is the original example of a type of prehistoric feature, the "Martin Down style enclosure": they are small enclosures of the Bronze Age, area often less than 0.3 hectares (0.74 acres), considered to be domestic settlements. They have mostly been found on downland of central southern England, usually situated on hillsides. Other examples are on Harrow Hill and Thundersbarrow Hill, both in West Sussex, South Lodge in Wiltshire, and on Shearplace Hill in Dorset.

## Description

There was excavation by Augustus Pitt Rivers from November 1895 to March 1896. He excavated all of the bank and ditch, and about half of the interior; the present earthwork is his reconstruction. It was concluded that the site is middle Bronze Age, with later Romano-British occupation. Finds from the excavation included worked flint, animal bone and pottery of the Bronze Age and Romano-British period.

The rectangular enclosure has internal dimensions of about 90 metres (300 ft) south-west to north-east by 63 metres (207 ft). It has a single bank of width up to 10 metres (33 ft) and up to 0.7 metres (2 ft 4 in) above the interior, and there is an external ditch. There is a gap (established as original during the excavation) at the eastern end of the north side, width about 40 metres (130 ft), and there are entrances on the east and south sides.

## Excavations by Pitt Rivers

Other sites on Cranborne Chase excavated by Pitt Rivers include the Rotherley Down Settlement, South Lodge Camp, Woodcutts Settlement and Wor Barrow.

## InfoBox

Martin Down Enclosure
| Looking north-west across the site | |
| --- | --- |
| Shown within Hampshire | |
| Location | Martin Down, Hampshire |
| Coordinates | 50°58′47″N 1°56′24″W / 50.97972°N 1.94000°W / 50.97972; -1.94000 |
| OS grid reference | SU 043 200 |
| History | |
| Periods | Bronze Age<br>Romano-British |
| Site notes | |
| Excavation dates | 1895–1896 |
| Archaeologists | Augustus Pitt Rivers |
|  | |
| Scheduled monument | |
| Designated | 20 October 1936 |
| Reference no. | 1010870 |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Warnia coat of arms

abstract: Warnia is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families in the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

text:
# Warnia coat of arms

**Warnia** is a Polish coat of arms. It was used by several szlachta families in the times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

## History

## Blazon

## Notable bearers

Notable bearers of this coat of arms include:

* Jan Žižka z Trocnova a Kalicha (English: John Zizka of Trocnov and the Chalice; c. 1360 – 11 October 1424) was a Bohemian general.
* Ćwirko-Godycki Michał (1901–1980), Polish anthropologist. Professor at the Adam Mickiewicz University and the academy of physical education in Poznań. Author of many academic works.

## Bibliography

* Andrzej Kulikowski: Wielki herbarz rodów polskich. Warszawa: Świat Książki, 2005, s. 356. ISBN 83-7391-523-0.

## InfoBox

| Warnia | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Details | |
| Battle cry | Borowa, Warnawa, Warnia |
| Alternative names | Cancer, Rak, Warnawa, Warna |
| Earliest mention | 1413 |
| Towns | none |
| Families | 31 names altogether: Baraniec, Bądkowski, Bątkowski, Boszkowski, Brachowski, Burkat, Bużkiewicz, Czymbajewicz, Ćwirko, Damiecki, Gnoinicki, Gnoiński, Gnojnicki, Godycki, Lekczycki, Leksicki, Leksycki, Lekszycki, Łekszycki, Łększycki, Nosal, Nosala, Palewski, Płaza, Pstroski, Racki, Raczek, Rak, Rapacki, Turski, Zarzecki, Żołnierowski |


title: Oakdale Merge

abstract: The Oakdale Merge is a convergence of Sunrise Highway and Montauk Highway between the hamlets of Great River and Oakdale, in Suffolk County, New York, in front of Connetquot River State Park.

text:
# Oakdale Merge

The **Oakdale Merge** is a convergence of Sunrise Highway (New York State Route 27, NY 27) and Montauk Highway (NY 27A and County Route 85, CR 85) between the hamlets of Great River and Oakdale, in Suffolk County, New York, in front of Connetquot River State Park.

## Description

The Oakdale Merge begins at exit 46A on Sunrise Highway (NY 27); Montauk Highway (NY 27A) becomes CR 85 at this location. Montauk Highway then veers east to parallel Sunrise Highway to just before exit 47 on the latter highway—at which point CR 85 veers back towards the south, with incomplete access to and from the South Service Road of NY 27.

According to the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), the interchange handles, on average, approximately 126,000 vehicles per day.

## History

Originally the area featured Montauk Highway, but when Sunrise Highway was extended through the area east from Amityville in the 1930s. In 1953, Sunrise Highway was extended farther east, to East Patchogue, and Sunrise overlapped Montauk Highway between the two sections. The western at-grade interchange had a westbound-only ramp to Montauk Highway and an east-to-west U-turn to take motorists to the park entrance. The eastern intersection contained turning ramps in both directions to and from Montauk Highway. One former segment of Montauk Highway remained at the southwest corner of the east intersection of Sunrise and Montauk. NY 27 and NY 27A were both overlapped until NY 27A was truncated to the west end of this merge in 1972. Montauk Highway became CR 85 from here to Patchogue, and CR 80 from Patchogue to The Hamptons.

Plans to upgrade Sunrise Highway and Montauk Highway have pre-dated the extension of the former to Oakdale. In the early 1960s, the Suffolk County Department of Public Works had even considered adding a county highway leading from CR 97 (Nicolls Road) in Lake Grove to the east end of the Oakdale Merge, by way of Long Island MacArthur Airport. By the 1980s, NYSDOT has planned to add service roads and a proper interchange with the two segments of Montauk Highway, although technically not a split-diamond interchange, the eastern Montauk Highway bridge was to include a westbound-only flyover. However, pressure from environmental groups seeking to avoid damaging the parkland stalled construction.

When NYSDOT upgraded Sunrise Highway into a controlled-access expressway through the Town of Islip during the 1980s, they settled on the present interchange design, which relocated Montauk Highway onto a tight, parallel road, with only eastbound connections from Sunrise Highway via off-ramps and one service road; this configuration eliminated the at-grade, signalized intersection, which was notorious for backups. The entrance to Connetquot River Park, however remained as an at-grade intersection, accessible only from the westbound lane. Former segments of Montauk Highway now existed on both sides of the interchange, and both roads were converted into fishing areas owned by the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.

The current design of the interchange frequently causes congestion between Great River and Oakdale, has forced the use of convoluted routes to some destinations. In order to gain access to westbound Montauk Highway from westbound Sunrise Highway, motorists must either use exit 47A and turn south on Oakdale-Bohemia Road, or use exit 46 and take either Connetquot Avenue or Heckscher State Parkway south. To gain access to Connetquot River State Park from eastbound Sunrise Highway, motorists must use exit 47A and make a U-turn back onto westbound Sunrise Highway. The current design has also been criticized as frequently causing drivers to become confused & disoriented—in addition to it being a safety hazard: the east end of the merge has been the scene of numerous accidents, which have involved the access to the eastbound service roads from both directions on Montauk Highway. The issues have led to the Oakdale Merge being colloquially referred to by locals as "The Twilight Zone" and as a "death trap".

In 1999, the east-to-east entrance to the service road was closed, a new off-ramp to the service road for Pond Road was built, and the off-ramp for Montauk Highway was renumbered from exit 47 to exit 46A. The other problems with the interchange remain.

### 21st century improvement projects

In 2018, NYSDOT announced preliminary proposals to improve the Oakdale Merge. These proposals included grade separating the roadways, installing movable barriers to create reversible lanes, and adding express lanes. Construction soon began on a $7.2-million project to implement short-term improvements, which saw the installation of ramp meters, improved emergency access, refreshed pavement and lane markings, and baffles on the barriers to reduce glare from headlights; the short-term safety improvement project was completed in 2020. Planning for the future reconstruction of the Oakdale Merge would continue, and in 2022, $30 million was allocated in New York's state budget for the reconstruction project. Additional funding would be budgeted in 2023.

In January 2024, it was announced that Governor Kathleen C. Hochul's 2024 state budget would include further funds for studying how best to reconstruct the interchange.

## InfoBox

| Oakdale Merge | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Great RiverOakdale, New York | |
| Coordinates | 40°44′52″N 73°08′58″W / 40.74778°N 73.14944°W / 40.74778; -73.14944 |
| Roads at<br>junction |  |
| Construction | |
| Type | At-grade |
| Constructed | 1953 |
| Reconstructed | 1989, 1999, 2020 |
| Maintained by | NYSDOT |


title: Out of the Blue (Alison Brown album)

abstract: Out of the Blue is album by American banjoist Alison Brown, released in 1998.

text:
# Out of the Blue (Alison Brown album)

***Out of the Blue*** is album by American banjoist Alison Brown, released in 1998.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *No Depression* | (no rating) |

In his Allmusic review, music critic Charlotte Dylan wrote of the album; "The music on this album is bluegrass flavored with a little jazz. Fans won't notice anything untried or bold here from Alison Brown, but there are a number of good songs on this album..."

Writing for *No Depression* magazine, Rachel Leibrock felt the album was restrained and called it "a cocktail-hour fusion of jazz, Latin and Caribbean rhythms.. a sparkling and crisp arrangement of unassuming instrumentals, but they never fully hook the listener... Dispassionate and cool, the record is too pristine and orderly to burn itself into a more emotional listening sphere."

## Track listing

All compositions by Alison Brown unless otherwise noted

1. "Out of the Blue" – 5:45
2. "Dantes' Paradise" – 3:35
3. "Coast Walk" – 3:58
4. "Four for Launch" – 3:11
5. "Road to Corossol" (Brown, Burr, West) – 4:46
6. "Mood Ring" (Brown, West) – 5:11
7. "Samba del Sol" – 3:39
8. "Sands of Sound" – 3:59
9. "Return to Pelican bay" – 3:44
10. "Rebel's Bolero" – 2:56

## Personnel

* Alison Brown – banjo, guitar
* John Burr – piano, keyboards
* Rick Reed – drums
* Garry West – bass

## InfoBox

| Out of the Blue | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Alison Brown | |
| Released | 1998 |
| Genre | Progressive Bluegrass, Jazz |
| Length | 40:44 |
| Label | Compass |
| Producer | Garry West |
| Alison Brown chronology | |
| *Quartet*
(1996) ***Out of the Blue***
(1998) *Fair Weather*
(2000) | |


title: Government of the 10th Dáil

abstract: The 2nd government of Ireland was the government of Ireland formed after the 1938 general election to the 10th Dáil held on 17 June. It was a single-party Fianna Fáil government led by Éamon de Valera as Taoiseach. Fianna Fáil had been in office since the 1932 general election. It lasted for 1,828 days.

text:
# Government of the 10th Dáil

The **2nd government of Ireland** (30 June 1938 – 1 July 1943) was the government of Ireland formed after the 1938 general election to the 10th Dáil held on 17 June. It was a single-party Fianna Fáil government led by Éamon de Valera as Taoiseach. Fianna Fáil had been in office since the 1932 general election. It lasted for 1,828 days.

## Nomination of Taoiseach

The 10th Dáil first met on 30 June 1938. In the debate on the nomination of Taoiseach, Fianna Fáil leader and outgoing Taoiseach Éamon de Valera was proposed. The motion was approved by 75 to 45. De Valera was appointed as Taoiseach by President Douglas Hyde. This occurred five days after the inauguration of Hyde as the first President of Ireland on 25 June.

| **30 June 1938
Nomination of Éamon de Valera (FF) as Taoiseach**
Motion proposed by Gerald Bartley and seconded by Bernard Maguire
Absolute majority: 70/138 | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Vote | Parties | Votes |
| **Yes** | Fianna Fáil (74), Independent (1) | 75 / 138 |
| No | Fine Gael (44), Independent (1) | 45 / 138 |
| Absent or
Not voting | Labour Party (9), Fianna Fáil (2), Fine Gael (1), Independents (5), Ceann Comhairle (1) | 19 / 138 |

## Members of the government

After his appointment as Taoiseach by the president, Éamon de Valera proposed the members of the government and they were approved by the Dáil. They were appointed to office by the president.

| Office | Name | | Term |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Taoiseach |  | Éamon de Valera | 1938–1943 |
| Minister for External Affairs | | | |
| Tánaiste |  | Seán T. O'Kelly | 1938–1943 |
| Minister for Local Government and Public Health | | | 1938–1939 |
| Minister for Justice |  | P. J. Ruttledge | 1938–1939 |
| Minister for Industry and Commerce |  | Seán Lemass | 1938–1939 |
| Minister for Finance |  | Seán MacEntee | 1938–1939 |
| Minister for Agriculture |  | James Ryan | 1938–1943 |
| Minister for Defence |  | Frank Aiken | 1938–1939 |
| Minister for Education |  | Thomas Derrig | 1938–1939 |
| Minister for Lands |  | Gerald Boland | 1938–1939 |
| Minister for Posts and Telegraphs |  | Oscar Traynor | 1938–1939 |
| Changes 8 September 1939 Re-organisation on declaration of The Emergency. | | | |
| Office | Name | | Term |
| Minister for Education |  | Seán T. O'Kelly | *(acting)* |
| Minister for Local Government and Public Health |  | P. J. Ruttledge | 1939–1941 |
| Minister for Supplies |  | Seán Lemass | 1939–1943 |
| Minister for the Co-ordination of Defensive Measures |  | Frank Aiken | 1939–1943 |
| Minister for Lands |  | Thomas Derrig | 1939–1943 |
| Minister for Posts and Telegraphs | | | *(acting)* |
| Minister for Justice |  | Gerald Boland | 1939–1943 |
| Minister for Defence |  | Oscar Traynor | 1939–1943 |
| Changes 16 September 1939 | | | |
| Office | Name | | Term |
| Minister for Finance |  | Seán T. O'Kelly | 1939–1943 |
| Minister for Industry and Commerce |  | Seán MacEntee | 1939–1941 |
| Changes 27 September 1939 Appointment of new member of government. | | | |
| Office | Name | | Term |
| Minister for Education |  | Éamon de Valera | *(acting)* |
| Minister for Posts and Telegraphs |  | Patrick Little | 1939–1943 |
| Changes 18 June 1940 | | | |
| Office | Name | | Term |
| Minister for Education |  | Thomas Derrig | 1940–1943 |
| Changes 15 August 1941 | | | |
| Office | Name | | Term |
| Minister for Local Government and Public Health |  | Éamon de Valera | *(acting)* |
| Changes 18 August 1941 | | | |
| Office | Name | | Term |
| Minister for Industry and Commerce |  | Seán Lemass | 1941–1943 |
| Minister for Local Government and Public Health |  | Seán MacEntee | 1941–1943 |

## Parliamentary secretaries

On 30 June 1938, the Government appointed Parliamentary secretaries on the nomination of the Taoiseach.

| Name | | Office | Term |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Patrick Little | Government Chief Whip | 1938–1939 |
| | | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for External Affairs | 1938–1939 |
|  | Hugo Flinn | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Finance | 1938–Jan 1943 |
|  | Conn Ward | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Local Government and Public Health | 1938–1943 |
|  | Seán O'Grady | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Defence | 1938–1939 |
|  | Seán Moylan | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Industry and Commerce | 1938–Feb 1943 |
| Changes 27 September 1939 Changes following the appointment of Patrick Little as Minister for Posts and Telegraphs. | | | |
| Name | | Office | Term |
|  | Paddy Smith | Government Chief Whip | 1939–1943 |
| | | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for External Affairs | 1939–1943 |
|  | Seán Moylan | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Defence | 1939–1943 |
| Changes 12 September 1941 | | | |
| Name | | Office | Term |
|  | Seán O'Grady | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Lands | 1941–Feb 1943 |
|  | Hugo Flinn | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Local Government and Public Health | 1941–Jan 1943 |
| Changes 9 February 1943 Changes following the death of Hugo Flinn. | | | |
| Name | | Office | Term |
|  | Seán Moylan | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Finance | Feb–Jun 1943 |
|  | Seán O'Grady | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Industry and Commerce | Feb–Jun 1943 |
|  | Eamon Kissane | Parliamentary secretary to the Minister for Lands | Feb–Jun 1943 |

## Constitutional amendments

During the first three years of the term of office of the first President of Ireland, the Oireachtas could pass amendments to the Constitution of Ireland without a referendum. This period lasted from 25 June 1938 to 24 June 1941. The First Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland was introduced and signed into law on 2 September 1939, allowing the Oireachtas to resolve that a state of emergency exists when an armed conflict exists outside of the state. The Emergency was declared on the same day, and the emergency powers lapsed on 2 September 1946. The Second Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland was signed into law on 30 May 1941 and was an omnibus amendment with 40 separate changes across the text of the Constitution. Both amendments were proposed by the Taoiseach.

## InfoBox

| 2nd government of Ireland | |
| --- | --- |
|
Government of Ireland | |
|  | |
| Date formed | 30 June 1938 |
| Date dissolved | 1 July 1943 |
| People and organisations | |
| President | Douglas Hyde |
| Taoiseach | Éamon de Valera |
| Tánaiste | Seán T. O'Kelly |
| Total no. of members | * 10 (1938–1939) * 12 (1939–1943) |
| Member party | Fianna Fáil |
| Status in legislature | Majority Government |
| Opposition party | Fine Gael |
| Opposition leader | W. T. Cosgrave |
| History | |
| Election | 1938 general election |
| Legislature terms |  |
| Predecessor | 1st government |
| Successor | 3rd government |


title: Abbasid–Carolingian alliance

abstract: There was an Abbasid–Carolingian alliance during the 8th and 9th centuries, effected through a series of embassies, rapprochements and combined military operations between the Frankish Carolingian Empire and the Abbasid Caliphate. The alliance is likely to have formed first between Pepin the Short and al-Mansur, and later to have continued under Charlemagne and Harun al-Rashid. These contacts followed the intense conflict between the Carolingians and the Emirate of Córdoba, marked by the Battle of Tours in 732, and were aimed at establishing a counter-alliance with the 'faraway' Abbasid Empire based in the Near East. Slightly later, another Carolingian-Abbasid alliance was attempted in a conflict against the Byzantine Empire.

text:
# Abbasid–Carolingian alliance

| Foreign alliances of France |
| --- |
|  | |

There was an **Abbasid–Carolingian alliance** during the 8th and 9th centuries, effected through a series of embassies, rapprochements and combined military operations between the Frankish Carolingian Empire and the Abbasid Caliphate.

The alliance is likely to have formed first between Pepin the Short and al-Mansur, and later to have continued under Charlemagne and Harun al-Rashid. These contacts followed the intense conflict between the Carolingians and the Emirate of Córdoba, marked by the Battle of Tours in 732, and were aimed at establishing a counter-alliance with the 'faraway' Abbasid Empire based in the Near East. Slightly later, another Carolingian-Abbasid alliance was attempted in a conflict against the Byzantine Empire.

## Primary sources

Direct evidence for Abbasid–Carolingian diplomacy comes almost entirely from Frankish (Latin) sources. These are mostly contemporary or nearly so. Especially important are the quasi-official *Royal Frankish Annals*, Einhard's *Vita Karoli magni* and the anonymous *Vita Hludowici imperatoris*. There is also indirect evidence. Charlemagne's elephant is referenced by Dicuil, an Irishman writing around 825. Likewise, the Basel roll, a record of a survey of the church in the Holy Land commissioned by Charlemagne, corroborates Einhard's account.

The absence of references to Abbasid–Carolingian diplomacy in Islamic sources is not peculiar. The major Arabic history of the period, that of al-Ṭabarī, routinely records relations only with the Byzantine Empire. Otherwise routine diplomacy that went smoothly goes unreported. There is no reference to diplomatic contacts with Tang China, for example, which is known directly only from Chinese sources. There is only one contemporary source from the Abbasid Caliphate that refers to diplomacy with Charlemagne, versions III and IV of the Arabic Sibylline prophecy, which were redacted in the aftermath of Harun's death.

## Background

The Umayyad invasion of Gaul from 719 to 759 was a period of intense conflict between the Carolingians and the Umayyads, marked by the Battle of Tours in 732. Umayyad forces were finally expelled from Gaul with the conquest of Narbonne in 759 by Pepin the Short, but the Umayyad presence in the Iberian peninsula continued to represent a challenge to the Carolingians.

## Pepin the Short and al-Mansur

### Embassies

Contacts between the Carolingians and the Abbasids started soon after the establishment of the Abbasid Caliphate and the concomitant fall of the Umayyad Caliphate in 751. The Carolingian ruler Pepin the Short had a powerful enough position in Europe to "make his alliance valuable to the Abbasid caliph of Baghdad, al-Mansur". Former supporters of the Umayyad Caliphate were established firmly in southern Spain under Abd ar-Rahman I, and constituted a strategic threat both to the Carolingians on their southern border, and to the Abbasids at the western end of their dominion. Embassies were exchanged both ways, with the apparent objective of cooperating against the Umayyads of Cordova (Al-Andalus): a Frankish embassy went to Baghdad in 765, which returned to Europe after three years with numerous presents, and an Abbasid embassy from al-Mansur visited France in 768.

### Commercial exchanges

Commercial exchanges occurred between the Carolingian and Abbasid realms, and Arabic coins are known to have spread in Carolingian Europe in that period. Arab gold is reported to have circulated in Europe during the 9th century, apparently in payment of the export of slaves, timber, iron and weapons from Europe to Eastern lands. It is noted that Charlemagne made attempts to establish an open market between the Carolingians and Abbasids, possibly as a means for the Carolingians to economically benefit from trade with the Abbasids. As a famous example, the 8th century English king Offa of Mercia is known to have minted copies of Abbasid dinars struck in 774 by Caliph Al-Mansur with "Offa Rex" centered on the reverse amid inscriptions in Pseudo-Kufic script.

## Charlemagne and Harun al-Rashid

### Strategic interest in Spain (777–778)

In 777, pro-Abbasid rulers of northern Spain contacted the Carolingian to request help against the powerful Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in southern Spain, led by Abd ar-Rahman I. The "Spanish Abbasids sought support for their cause in Pepin's Francia; he was content to oblige because the Cordovan dynasty posed a constant military threat to southwestern France".

Sulayman al-Arabi the pro-Abbasid Wali (governor) of Barcelona and Girona sent a delegation to Charlemagne in Paderborn, offering his submission, together with the allegiance of Husayn of Zaragoza and Abu Taur of Huesca in return for military aid. The three pro-Abbasid rulers also conveyed that the caliph of Baghdad, Muhammad al-Mahdi, was preparing an invasion force against the Umayyad ruler Abd al-Rhaman I.

Following the sealing of this alliance at Paderborn, Charlemagne marched across the Pyrenees in 778 "at the head of all the forces he could muster". His troops were welcomed in Barcelona and Girona by Sulayman al-Arabi. As he moved towards Zaragoza, the troops of Charlemagne were joined by troops led by Sulayman. Husayn of Zaragoza, however, refused to surrender the city, claiming that he had never promised Charlemagne his allegiance. Meanwhile, the force sent by the Baghdad caliphate seems to have been stopped near Barcelona. After a month of siege at Zaragoza, Charlemagne decided to return to his kingdom. On his retreat, Charlemagne suffered an attack from the Basques in central Navarra. As a reprisal he attacked Pamplona, destroying it. However, on his retreat north his baggage train was ambushed by the Basques at the Battle of Roncevaux Pass on August 15, 778.

Charlemagne's conflict with the Umayyad Emir of Cordova is one of the possible military conflicts which made him an ally of Harun al-Rashid, as they found a common enemy to unite against.

For Charlemagne, the alliance may also have functioned as a counterweight against the Byzantine Empire, which was opposed to his role in Italy and his claim to the title of Roman Emperor. For Harun al-Rashid, there was an advantage in having a partner against his rivals in the Emirate of Cordova (Al-Andalus).

### Embassies

After these campaigns, there were again numerous embassies between Charlemagne and the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid from 797, apparently in view of a Carolingian-Abbasid alliance against Byzantium, or with a view to gaining an alliance against the Umayyads of Cordova.

Three embassies were sent by Charlemagne to Harun al-Rashid's court and the latter sent at least two embassies to Charlemagne.

The 797 embassy, the first one from Charlemagne, was composed of three men, Isaac the Jew (probably as interpreter), Lantfrid and Sigimud. Four years later in 801, an Abbasid embassy arrived in Pisa. They met with Charlemagne who was present in Italy at that time. In 799, Charlemagne sent another mission to the Patriarch of Jerusalem, with which the Patriarch of Jerusalem sent Charlemagne the keys to the Holy Sepulcher and the site of Calvary, as well as a Jerusalem Banner.

In 802, a second embassy was sent by Charlemagne, which returned in 806. In 807, Rodbertus, Charlemagne's ambassador died as he returned from Persia. In turn, Abdallah, Harun al-Rashid's envoy reached Charlemagne in Aachen accompanied by two monks from Jerusalem, George and Felix, who represented of the Patriarch Thomas.

The third and final embassy was sent by Charlemagne in 809, but it arrived after Harun al-Rashid had died. The embassy returned in 813 with messages of friendship, but little concrete results.

### Diplomatic gifts

The embassies sent by Charlemagne possessed sundry royal red fabrics, a textile noted to be of value within the Abbasid realm. In addition, Charlemagne sponsored the construction of the Church of St. Mary in Jerusalem and its library and sent sums of money with all of his envoys.

Harun al-Rashid is reported to have sent numerous presents to Charlemagne, including silks, a brass candelabra, perfume, balsam, a tent with multi-colored curtains, ivory chessmen, and an elephant named Abul al-Abbas. The 802 *Royal Frankish Annals* briefly describes the arrival of the emissary referred to as Isaac the Jew, who brought with him the elephant Abul al-Abbas. Abul al-Abbas is reported to have died suddenly in 810, while Charlemagne was on campaign in a town called "Lippeham".

The automatic water-clock made of brass, described in the 807 *Royal Frankish Annals,* and had spherical decorations which would strike cymbals below to create a chiming sound for each hour. There were also twelve figurines of horsemen that would animate at the end of each hour. Harun al-Rashid is also reported to have offered the custody of the Holy places in Jerusalem to Charlemagne.

The ivory elephant known as the Chessman of Charlemagne was traditionally held to have been a gift from Harun to Charlemagne. Although this is consistent with its dating, the earliest reference to the carved piece is from Paris in 1505.

### Artistic influences

Various Islamic influences seem to appear in Christian religious architecture such as the multi-colored tile designs which may have been inspired by Islamic polychromy in the 800 CE gatehouse at Lorsch Abbey.

Early Carolingian architecture generally combines Roman, Early Christian, Byzantine, Islamic and Northern European designs.

The “Iconoclasm” that occurred in the Byzantine Empire from 732 to 842, influenced a Christian movement that destroyed idols, icons, amongst other images. Arnold Toynbee has postulated that the successes of the Islamic Military throughout the 8th centuries motivated Byzantine Christians to adopt the notion of Islam that does not favor the imagery of idols. Charlemagne has been recorded as following the iconoclastic fervor of the East Roman Emperor Leo Syrus, however, Charlemagne's attempts were ultimately stopped by Pope Adrian I.

## Lasting impacts

It seems that in 831, Harun al-Rashid's son al-Ma'mun also sent an embassy to Louis the Pious. These embassies also seem to have had the objective of promoting commerce between the two realms.

After 814 and the accession of Louis the Pious to the throne, internal dissensions prevented the Carolingians from further ventures into Spain.

Almost a century later Bertha, daughter of Lothar II and mother of several tenth-century Italian kings, is reported to have sent an embassy to the Abbasid caliph Al-Muktafi, requesting friendship and a marital alliance.


title: Grot (mountain)

abstract: Grot is a mountain in southern Serbia, near the city of Vranje. Its highest peak has an elevation of 1,327 meters above sea level. Like the nearby Oblik, Grot is an ancient inactive volcano.

text:
# Grot (mountain)

**Grot** (Serbian Cyrillic: Грот) is a mountain in southern Serbia, near the city of Vranje. Its highest peak has an elevation of 1,327 meters above sea level.

Like the nearby Oblik, Grot is an ancient inactive volcano.

## InfoBox

| Grot | |
| --- | --- |
| GrotLocation in Serbia | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,327 m (4,354 ft) |
| Coordinates | 42°37′30″N 21°54′30″E / 42.62500°N 21.90833°E / 42.62500; 21.90833 |
| Geography | |
| Location | Southern Serbia |


title: Prior of Oronsay

abstract: The Prior of Oronsay was the Religious Superior of Oronsay Priory, a community of canons regular on the island of Oronsay, Inner Hebrides, off the coast of Scotland. It was in existence by 1353, perhaps founded by John of Islay, Lord of the Isles. It is probable that most of the priors have not come down to us by name. The last known prior was Robert Lamont, elected in 1555. After the Scottish Reformation in 1560, the lands and property of the priory was given in commendam to Maol Choluim MacDubhthaich, at which time it would appear that the community ceased to exist. The property was later given to the Bishop of the Isles by King James VI of Scotland upon his ascendency to the throne in 1583.

text:
# Prior of Oronsay

The **Prior of Oronsay** was the Religious Superior of Oronsay Priory, a community of canons regular on the island of Oronsay, Inner Hebrides, off the coast of Scotland. It was in existence by 1353, perhaps founded by John of Islay, Lord of the Isles.

It is probable that most of the priors have not come down to us by name. The last known prior was Robert Lamont, elected in 1555. After the Scottish Reformation in 1560, the lands and property of the priory was given *in commendam* to Maol Choluim MacDubhthaich ("Malcolm MacDuffie"), at which time it would appear that the community ceased to exist.

The property was later given to the Bishop of the Isles by King James VI of Scotland upon his ascendency to the throne in 1583.

## List of priors and commendators

### List of known priors

* ???, fl. 1353
* Martin, x 1362
* Maurice de Oronsay, 1362-1382 x 1396
* Domhnall MacMhuirich, 1397-1426
* Dúghall MacEain (Dugall McKane), 1426-1472
* Dúghall MacDomhnaill (Donaldi), 1472
* Domhnall "Macyroull", 1499
* Domhnall MacPháil, 1538
* Domhnall MacDubhtaich (Donald MacDuffie or MacFee), 1538-1554
* Eoin MacMhuirich, 1554-1558
* Robert Lamont, 1555

### List of known commendators

* Maol Choluim MacDubhthaich (Malcolm MacDuffie or Macilfie), 1561-1583

* Cowan, Ian B. & Easson, David E., *Medieval Religious Houses: Scotland With an Appendix on the Houses in the Isle of Man*, Second edition, (London, 1976), p. 94
* Watt, D. E. R. & Shead, N. F. (eds.), *The Heads of Religious Houses in Scotland from the 12th to the 16th Centuries*, The Scottish Records Society, New Series, Volume 24, (Edinburgh, 2001), pp. 165–7


title: Wisconsin's 9th Senate district

abstract: The 9th Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate. Located in eastern Wisconsin, the district comprises most of Sheboygan County and the parts of eastern and southern Manitowoc County and northeast Fond du Lac County. It contains the cities of Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Two Rivers, Plymouth, Kiel, and Sheboygan Falls, and the villages of Kohler, Oostburg, and Elkhart Lake. The district also contains Sheboygan County Memorial Airport, Whistling Straits golf course, Road America motorsport course, Kohler-Andrae State Park, Lakeland University, and the University of Wisconsin–Green Bay, Sheboygan Campus.

text:
# Wisconsin's 9th Senate district

The **9th Senate district of Wisconsin** is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate. Located in eastern Wisconsin, the district comprises most of Sheboygan County and the parts of eastern and southern Manitowoc County and northeast Fond du Lac County. It contains the cities of Sheboygan, Manitowoc, Two Rivers, Plymouth, Kiel, and Sheboygan Falls, and the villages of Kohler, Oostburg, and Elkhart Lake. The district also contains Sheboygan County Memorial Airport, Whistling Straits golf course, Road America motorsport course, Kohler-Andrae State Park, Lakeland University, and the University of Wisconsin–Green Bay, Sheboygan Campus.

## Current elected officials

Devin LeMahieu is the senator representing the 9th district. He was first elected in the 2014 general election.

Each Wisconsin State Senate district is composed of three Wisconsin State Assembly districts. The 9th Senate district comprises the 25th, 26th, and 27th Assembly districts. The current representatives of those districts are:

The district is located entirely within Wisconsin's 6th congressional district, which is represented by U.S. Representative Glenn Grothman.

## Past senators

Note: the boundaries of districts have changed repeatedly over history. Previous politicians of a specific numbered district have represented a completely different geographic area, due to redistricting.

The district has previously been represented by:

| Senator | Party | Notes | Session | Years | District Definition |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *District created* | | | | 1848 | Dane County |
| Simeon Mills | Dem. |  | 1st | | |
| Alexander Botkin | Whig |  | 2nd | 1849 | |
| | | | 3rd | 1850 | |
| Eliab B. Dean Jr. | Dem. |  | 4th | 1851 | |
| | | | 5th | 1852 | |
| George R. McLane | Dem. |  | 6th | 1853 | Northern Waukesha County |
| | | | 7th | 1854 | |
| Denison Worthington | Rep. |  | 8th | 1855 | |
| | | | 9th | 1856 | |
| John T. Kingston | Rep. |  | 10th | 1857 | Adams, Juneau, Sauk counties |
| | | | 11th | 1858 | |
| H. W. Curtis | Rep. |  | 12th | 1859 | |
| | | | 13th | 1860 | |
| John T. Kingston | Rep. |  | 14th | 1861 | |
| | | | 15th | 1862 | Adams, Juneau, Waushara counties |
| Alanson M. Kimball | Rep. | |  | 16th | 1863 |
| | Natl. Union | | 17th | 1864 |
| Henry G. Webb | Natl. Union | |  | 18th | 1865 |
| | | | 19th | 1866 |
| DeWitt C. Wilson | Natl. Union |  | 20th | 1867 | Adams, Juneau, Monroe counties |
| | Rep. | | 21st | 1868 | |
| William J. Kershaw | Rep. |  | 22nd | 1869 | |
| | | | 23rd | 1870 | |
| Eliphalet S. Miner | Rep. | *Redistricted to 29th district.* | 24th | 1871 | |
| Francis Little | Rep. | *Redistricted from 15th district.* | 25th | 1872 | Iowa County |
| | | | 26th | 1873 | |
| | | | 27th | 1874 | |
| David McFarland | Rep. |  | 28th | 1875 | |
| | Dem. | | 29th | 1876 | |
| Hobart S. Sacket | Rep. |  | 30th | 1877 | Green Lake, Marquette, Waushara counties |
| | | | 31st | 1878 | |
| | | | 32nd | 1879 | |
| | | | 33rd | 1880 | |
| James F. Wiley | Rep. |  | 34th | 1881 | |
| | | | 35th | 1882 | |
| | | | 36th | 1883–1884 | Green Lake, Portage, Waushara counties |
| | | | 37th | 1885–1886 |
| George Fitch | Rep. | |  | 38th | 1887–1888 |
| | | | 39th | 1889–1890 | Green Lake, Portage, Waushara and
Western Marathon County |
| Ferdinand T. Yahr | Dem. | |  | 40th | 1891–1892 |
| | | | 41st | 1893–1894 | Adams, Green Lake, Juneau, Marquette counties |
| Clarence V. Peirce | Rep. | |  | 42nd | 1895–1896 |
| | | | 43rd | 1897–1898 | 18961901

19021911
Adams, Marquette, Waushara, Wood counties |
| Thomas Fearne | Rep. | |  | 44th | 1899–1900 |
| | | | 45th | 1901–1902 |
| Herman C. Wipperman | Rep. | |  | 46th | 1903–1904 |
| | | | 47th | 1905–1906 |
| Theodore W. Brazeau | Rep. | |  | 48th | 1907–1908 |
| | | | 49th | 1909–1910 |
| Edward F. Kileen | Rep. | |  | 50th | 1911–1912 |
| | | | 51st | 1913–1914 | Central Milwaukee County |
| David V. Jennings | Dem. | |  | 52nd | 1915–1916 |
| | | | 53rd | 1917–1918 |
| | | | 54th | 1919–1920 |
| | | | 55th | 1921–1922 |
| Ben H. Mahon | Rep. | | *Died Oct. 1924.* | 56th | 1923–1924 |
| Irving P. Mehigan | Rep. | | *Won 1924 special election.* | 57th | 1925–1926 |
| | | | 58th | 1927–1928 |
| | | | 59th | 1929–1930 |
| | | | 60th | 1931–1932 |
| | | | 61st | 1933–1934 | Central Milwaukee County |
| James L. Callan | Dem. | |  | 62nd | 1935–1936 |
| | | | 63rd | 1937–1938 |
| Cornelius T. Young | Dem. | |  | 64th | 1939–1940 |
| | | | 65th | 1941–1942 |
| Robert E. Tehan | Dem. | | *Resigned after appointed
U.S. Dist. Judge, E.D. Wis.* | 66th | 1943–1944 |
| | | | 67th | 1945–1946 |
| | | | 68th | 1947–1948 |
| | | | 69th | 1949–1950 |
| | | | *Vacant* | | |
| Henry Maier | Dem. | | *Resigned in 1960 to become Mayor of Milwaukee.* | 70th | 1951–1952 |
| | | | 71st | 1953–1954 |
| | | | 72nd | 1955–1956 | Central Milwaukee County |
| | | | 73rd | 1957–1958 |
| | | | 74th | 1959–1960 |
| | | | *Vacant* | | |
| Norman Sussman | Dem. | | *Died April 1969.* | 75th | 1961–1962 |
| | | | 76th | 1963–1964 |
| | | | 77th | 1965–1966 | North-central Milwaukee County |
| | | | 78th | 1967–1968 |
| | | | 79th | 1969–1970 |
| | | | *Vacant* | | |
| | | | Ronald G. Parys | Dem. | *Won 1969 special election.* |
| | | | 80th | 1971–1972 |
| | | | 81st | 1973–1974 | Central Milwaukee County |
| | | | 82nd | 1975–1976 |
| | | | 83rd | 1977–1978 |
| Jim Moody | Dem. | |  | 84th | 1979–1980 |
| | | | 85th | 1981–1982 |
| Carl Otte | Dem. |  | 86th | 1983–1984 | Southeast Calumet County,
eastern Fond du Lac County,
southern Manitowoc County,
and most of Sheboygan County |
| | | | 87th | 1985–1986 | Southeast Calumet County,
southern Manitowoc County, and most of Sheboygan County |
| William Te Winkle | Dem. | |  | 88th | 1987–1988 |
| | | | 89th | 1989–1990 |
| Calvin Potter | Dem. | |  | 90th | 1991–1992 |
| | | | 91st | 1993–1994 | Southeast Calumet County,
southern Manitowoc County,
and most of Sheboygan County |
| | | | 92nd | 1995–1996 |
| | | | 93rd | 1997–1998 |
| James Baumgart | Dem. | |  | 94th | 1999–2000 |
| | | | 95th | 2001–2002 |
| Joe Leibham | Rep. | *Resigned Dec. 2014.* | 96th | 2003–2004 | Eastern Calumet County,
eastern Fond du Lac County,
southern Manitowoc County,
and northern Sheboygan County |
| | | | 97th | 2005–2006 | |
| | | | 98th | 2007–2008 | |
| | | | 99th | 2009–2010 | |
| | | | 100th | 2011–2012 | |
| | | | 101st | 2013–2014 | Eastern Calumet County,
most of Manitowoc County,
and most of Sheboygan County |
| Devin LeMahieu | Rep. | |  | 102nd | 2015–2016 |
| | | | 103rd | 2017–2018 |
| | | | 104th | 2019–2020 |
| | | | 105th | 2021–2022 |
| | | | 106th | 2023–2024 | Most of Manitowoc County,
Most of Sheboygan County,
part of Calumet County |

## InfoBox

| Wisconsin's 9th
State Senate district | |
| --- | --- |
| --- | |
| 2024 map defined in 2023 Wisc. Act 94
2022 map defined in *Johnson v. Wisconsin Elections Commission*
2011 map was defined in 2011 Wisc. Act 43
composed of Assembly districts 25, 26, and 27 | |
| Senator | Devin LeMahieu
Sheboygan  since January 3, 2015 (9 years) |
| Demographics | 86.17% White
2.17% Black
5.17% Hispanic
4.46% Asian
1.63% Native American
0.1% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander |
| Population (2020)
Voting age | 178,886
140,758 |
| Website | Official website |
| Notes | Eastern Wisconsin |


title: Martha Stearns Marshall

abstract: Martha Stearns Marshall (1726–1771) was a Separate Baptist preacher in the Southern United States. She spread the gospel alongside her husband, Daniel Marshall (1706–84), who is generally regarded as the first great Baptist leader in the state of Georgia. Her husband was once jailed in Virginia for refusing to stop preaching the gospel. Although she was three months pregnant at the time, she exhorted those around that it was wrong to forbid a man to preach the Biblical truth of baptism. Her words convicted a young man named Cartledge and he became a preacher; she also converted the arresting constable and magistrate. She often stood alongside her brother Shubal Stearns and spoke at Baptist meetings. Martha also assisted her husband Daniel in his churches. She gave birth to six sons and two daughters.

text:
# Martha Stearns Marshall

**Martha Stearns Marshall** (17261771) was a Separate Baptist preacher in the Southern United States. She spread the gospel alongside her husband, Daniel Marshall (170684), who is generally regarded as the first great Baptist leader in the state of Georgia. Her husband was once jailed in Virginia for refusing to stop preaching the gospel. Although she was three months pregnant at the time, she exhorted those around that it was wrong to forbid a man to preach the Biblical truth of baptism. Her words convicted a young man named Cartledge and he became a preacher; she also converted the arresting constable and magistrate. She often stood alongside her brother Shubal Stearns and spoke at Baptist meetings. Martha also assisted her husband Daniel in his churches. She gave birth to six sons and two daughters.

## Contributions

In 1810, Virginia Baptist historian Robert Semple wrote of Marshall’s contributions to Baptist work:

> 'Mr. Marshall had a rare felicity of finding in this lady, a Priscilla, a helper in the gospel. In fact, it should not be concealed that his extraordinary success in the ministry, is ascribable in no small degree, to Mrs. Marshall’s unwearied, and zealous co-operation. Without the shadow of a usurped authority over the other sex, Mrs. Marshall, being a lady of good sense, singular piety, and surprising elocution, has, in countless instances melted a whole concourse into tears by her prayers and exhortations!'

Baptist historian George Paschal, in his *History of North Carolina Baptists*, wrote of Daniel and Martha:

> “As a result of the labors of this earnest and fervent evangelist, in which he doubtless had the assistance of his saintly and gifted wife, Mrs. Martha Stearns Marshall, great numbers turned to the Lord.”

## Biography

In the late 1750s, the Marshalls founded a Separate Baptist church at Abbott's Creek in North Carolina. There Martha served alongside her husband and “was noted for her zeal and eloquence,” and she “added greatly to the interest of meetings conducted by her husband.” The first difficulty the new church encountered was that no minister would cooperate with Stearns in ordaining Daniel. A pastor in South Carolina refused to participate in an ordination service because Daniel and the Separate Baptists “allowed women to pray in public and illiterate men to preach, and encouraged noise and confusion in their meetings.” The ordination service finally took place when Elder Ledbetter, Daniel’s brother-in-law, agreed to participate in the ordination.

In 1771, the Marshalls moved to Columbia County, Georgia, where they founded the first Baptist church in Georgia, located at Kiokee. A. H. Newman wrote of their efforts in founding this work:

> “Marshall was now sixty-four years old and had behind him a truly apostolic record. Almost equally useful was his wife, a sister of Shubal Stearns.”

## Legacy

In 2007, Baptist Women in Ministry instituted the Martha Stearns Marshall Day of Preaching to encourage churches to invite women to preach. On a Sunday in February each year, "we will join together to celebrate hearing the voices of women as they preach in pulpits across the United States. As more women enter the ministry, churches have a greater opportunity to welcome them into their pulpits," said Pam Durso, Associate Executive Director of the Baptist History and Heritage Society.

## Abbotts Creek Church Rules of Decorum

In 1832, the Abbotts Creek Church divided. The members who aligned with the missionary/Sunday school movement of the Southern Baptist Convention met in conference in June 1834 to reorganize. Below are items 5 and 7 of the Rules of Decorum that they drafted at this meeting:

> 5. It shall be the duty of each member to attend all church meetings by the hour of 11 O'clock and any member not prevented by known bodily infirmity failing to attend two meetings in succession shall be cited to come forward and show cause why he has done so. And if any female member not prevented by infirmity or disease repeatedly neglect to attend at church meeting, there shall be some person or persons to inquire the cause.

> 7. Every male member upon going to speak shall rise from his seat and address the Moderator and members generally.

It is evident from these two items that these Baptists did not encourage women to speak during their conference meetings, much less to preach during public worship. If Martha Marshall had been an ordained preacher in this church just 75 years earlier, these good Baptists evidently did not know it. These rules were not drafted by the "Old School" or Primitive Baptist side, but by the more progressive Missionary side.

Martha Marshall was, without a doubt, a godly, faithful woman, a great influence on the members of Abbotts Creek and other churches, and was an indispensable help to her husband, Elder Daniel Marshall. She honored her Lord, Jesus Christ, by her unselfish labors and by her love for God's people. She may have, on occasion, given an account of the work of God on her soul. But to claim that these Baptists ordained women to be gospel preachers is simply not accurate, and it seems to revise history to suit our own purposes.


title: Martin Doyle (ecologist)

abstract: Martin W. Doyle is a Professor of Water Science at the Nicholas School of Environment of Duke University.

text:
# Martin Doyle (ecologist)

**Martin W. Doyle** (born 1973) is a Professor of Water Science at the Nicholas School of Environment of Duke University.

## Education

Martin Doyle received a Bachelor's degree in Physics and Applied Mathematics from Harding University in 1995, followed by a master's in environmental engineering from the University of Mississippi in 1997, and a Ph.D. in geomorphology from Purdue University in 2002.

## Professional career

From 2002 to 2011, Doyle was faculty at UNC-Chapel Hill in the Department of Geography. In 2011, he moved to the Nicholas School of Environment at Duke University. From 2009 to 2010 Doyle was a Frederick J. Clarke Scholar with the United States Army Corps of Engineers, and in January 2015 Doyle was appointed as the senior conservation finance fellow at the Natural Resource Investment Center, a branch of the United States Department of the Interior.

## Awards and honors

* Chorafas Prize
* Nystrom Award
* Guggenheim Fellowship
* Kavli Fellow, National Academy of Sciences
* Gilbert White Lecture, National Academy of Sciences
* Early Career Award, National Science Foundation

## Books

* *The Source: How Rivers Made America and America Remade Its Rivers*, W.W. Norton, 2018. ISBN 978-0393242355

## Peer-reviewed journal articles

His most cited peer-reviewed journal articles are:

* Stanley EH, Doyle MW. Trading off: the ecological effects of dam removal. *Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment*. 2003 Feb;1(1):15-22. According to Google Scholar, this has been cited 331 times
* Ensign SH, Doyle MW. Nutrient spiraling in streams and river networks. *Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences*. 2006 Dec;111(G4). According to Google Scholar, this has been cited 338 times
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title: Mike McCormack (American football)

abstract: Michael Joseph McCormack Jr. was an American professional football player, coach, and executive in the National Football League (NFL). He played as an offensive tackle with the Cleveland Browns from 1954 through 1962 and served as head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles, Baltimore Colts, and Seattle Seahawks. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1984.

text:
# Mike McCormack (American football)

**Michael Joseph McCormack Jr.** (June 21, 1930 – November 15, 2013) was an American professional football player, coach, and executive in the National Football League (NFL). He played as an offensive tackle with the Cleveland Browns from 1954 through 1962 and served as head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles, Baltimore Colts, and Seattle Seahawks. He was elected to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1984.

## Playing career

McCormack played college football at University of Kansas and assumed that he would take up a career as a high school coach. He was selected by the New York Yanks in the 1951 NFL draft, but had to wait until the third round before being taken. After the 1951 season concluded, he was conscripted into the U.S. Army and served in the Korean War. While he was away, the Yanks moved to Dallas and became the Texans, which folded after just one season.

McCormack came home in 1954 to find that his team had ceased to exist, so he became a free agent and was immediately signed by the Baltimore Colts, a new franchise created the previous year to replace the defunct Yanks/Texans. Cleveland Browns founder Paul Brown had not forgotten seeing McCormack play in his rookie season three years earlier and was sufficiently impressed that he decided to add him to the roster in a trade exchange with Baltimore. In his first season with the team in 1954, he played on the defensive line, and famously grabbed the ball out of Lions QB Bobby Layne's hands (in what the referees ruled as a fumble recovery) in the 1954 NFL Championship game against the Detroit Lions, helping set up an important early touchdown.

The following season, he was shifted to offensive tackle and helped the Browns once again capture the NFL title. He played a key role in helping legendary running back Jim Brown become one of the dominant players in the game, ending his career with six selections to the Pro Bowl.

Paul Brown, legendary Cleveland Browns founder, owner, and coach, stated in his 1979 memoir, *PB: The Paul Brown Story*, "I consider (Mike) McCormack the finest offensive tackle who ever played pro football." Also, according to Paul Zimmerman's 1984 book, *The New Thinking Man's Guide to Pro Football*, Brown also stated that McCormack was the best offensive lineman he ever coached. The book states that McCormack "\[c\]ould handle the Colts' Gino Marchetti better than any tackle in the game. Power combined with great intelligence and 4.8 speed. 'I've seen him have games,' former player and NFL executive Bucko Kilroy says, 'where if you were grading him, he'd score 100. Not one mistake, and his guy would never make a tackle.'"

## Coaching career

McCormack retired from playing in 1962 and began coaching with the first of four consecutive stints as an assistant in the annual College All-Star Game. In 1965, he was hired as an assistant coach with the Washington Redskins, spending the next eight seasons working under four different head coaches, including former teammate Otto Graham from 19661968.

McCormack was hired to replace Ed Khayat as head coach of the Philadelphia Eagles on January 17, 1973. He inherited a team that ended 1972 in the NFC East cellar at 2111 and hadn't had a winning campaign since 1966. Three seasons and a 16251 record later, he was dismissed on December 22, 1975, following a 410 last-place finish.

After four years as offensive line coach with the Cincinnati Bengals from 1976 through 1979, he was selected over Frank Kush and George Welsh to succeed Ted Marchibroda as head coach of the Baltimore Colts on January 17, 1980. The ballclub finished in last place at 511 in each of the two seasons prior to McCormack's arrival. When the Colts fell from 79 in 1980 to 214 the following year, he was fired on December 21, 1981, and replaced by Kush the next day. As McCormack put it, "I wanted to be like my mentor, Paul Brown. He was a great teacher and I tried to do the same but unfortunately I always let my emotions carry me away."

## Administrative career

In 1982, McCormack joined the Seattle Seahawks, eventually becoming president and general manager. That year, the Seahawks lost their first two games, then a 57-day players strike ensued. During the hiatus, seventh-year head coach Jack Patera was fired in mid-October and McCormack took over as interim head coach. He led them to a 4–3 record, the only time he compiled a winning record as an NFL head coach, but Seattle did not qualify for the 16-team postseason. McCormack then returned to his management position when the Seahawks hired Chuck Knox as their new head coach in 1983 and declined all further offers to become a head coach.

In late January 1989, he was abruptly fired by the new Seahawks owner, Ken Behring, who explained the decision was necessary in order to make changes in the financial operations of the team. Later that year, McCormack became a consultant for Jerry Richardson and his ownership group that were seeking to land an NFL expansion team in Charlotte, North Carolina. In 1993, he was hired by the newly-formed Carolina Panthers as their team president and general manager, and their inaugural season was in 1995. He retired from the Panthers organization in 1997, which erected a monument in their stadium honoring him.

## Death

At the age of 83 in 2013, McCormack died of heart failure in Palm Desert, California.

## InfoBox

Mike McCormack
| McCormack in 1973 | |
| --- | --- |
| No. 71, 74 | |
| Position: | Offensive tackle |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1930-06-21)June 21, 1930
Chicago, Illinois, U.S. |
| Died: | November 15, 2013(2013-11-15) (aged 83)
Palm Desert, California, U.S. |
| Height: | 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) |
| Weight: | 246 lb (112 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Kansas City (MO) De LaSalle |
| College: | Kansas |
| NFL draft: | 1951 / round:  / pick: 34 |
| Career history | |
| As a player: | |
|  | |
| As a coach: | |
|  | |
| As an executive: | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
| As a player As an executive | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Win–loss Record: 29–51–1  Winning %: .363  Games: 81 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
| Coaching stats at **PFR** | |
| **Pro Football Hall of Fame** | |
|  | |


title: Oakdale Public School

abstract: The Oakdale Public School at the corner of Hastings Avenue and Noblestown Road in Oakdale, Pennsylvania, United States was built in 1894 in the Romanesque Revival style. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 28, 1997.

text:
# Oakdale Public School

The **Oakdale Public School** at the corner of Hastings Avenue and Noblestown Road in Oakdale, Pennsylvania, United States was built in 1894 in the Romanesque Revival style.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 28, 1997.

## History and architectural features

Later known as the Hastings School, this school served students in grades one through eight and was the only grade school in Oakdale until 1972, when it was closed. The building then stood empty until at least 1997.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 28, 1997.

In 2001, the structure was renovated into an apartment building.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Oakdale Public School | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 33 Hastings Street, Oakdale, Pennsylvania, USA |
| Coordinates | 40°23′53.88″N 80°10′59.88″W / 40.3983000°N 80.1833000°W / 40.3983000; -80.1833000 |
| Built | 1894 |
| Architect | J.M. Andrews, J.E. Allison |
| Architectural style | Romanesque Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 97000289 |
| Added to NRHP | March 28, 1997 |


title: Out of the Blue (Claudia Carawan album)

abstract: Out of the Blue is the debut of Claudia Carawan, and derives its sound from several styles including soul, old school R&B, reggae and jazz. The lyrics of the album lean heavily on messages of hope, love, and inspiration. The album was released to positive reviews; Andy Garrigue commented that "Both sultry and righteous, sassy and pouting, Carawan's got a hair raising set of pipes. She sets a mood impossible to ignore."

text:
# Out of the Blue (Claudia Carawan album)

***Out of the Blue*** is the debut of Claudia Carawan, and derives its sound from several styles including soul, old school R&B, reggae and jazz. The lyrics of the album lean heavily on messages of hope, love, and inspiration. The album was released to positive reviews; Andy Garrigue commented that "Both sultry and righteous, sassy and pouting, Carawan's got a hair raising set of pipes. She sets a mood impossible to ignore."

## Track listing

1. "The Journey" - 4:13
2. "The People Who Love You" - 4:09
3. "Love Came Home" - 4:56
4. "Everything I Need" - 5:00
5. "Guardian Angel" - 4:16
6. "Leap of Faith" - 3:54
7. "I Wish You Well" - 4:49
8. "It's Gonna Come Back To You" - 3:31
9. "Count Your Blessings (Instead of Sheep)" (Irving Berlin) - 4:25
10. "Brighter Day" - 6:14
11. "What a Wonderful World" (Bob Thiele / George David Weiss) - 2:42

## InfoBox

| Out of the Blue | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Claudia Carawan | |
| Released | 2003 |
| Genre | soul, R&B, jazz |
| Length | 48:09 |
| Label | Heart Over the Bar, Inc. |
| Producer | Claudia Carawan, Grant Rutledge, Jody Boyd |
| Claudia Carawan chronology | |
| ***Out of the Blue***
(2003) *Fearless
*
(2008) | |


title: Gordon Piper

abstract: Gordon Stephen Piper was an Australian actor, theatre director and scriptwriter and comedian active in all facets of the industry including radio, stage, television and film. He remains best known as plumber Bob Hatfield in A Country Practice.

text:
# Gordon Piper

**Gordon Stephen Piper** (3 June 1932 – 18 September 2004) was an Australian actor, theatre director and scriptwriter and comedian active in all facets of the industry including radio, stage, television (including soap opera and TV movies) and film. He remains best known as plumber Bob Hatfield in *A Country Practice*.

## Early life

Piper was born on 3 June 1932 to parents Clive Reginald Piper and Mildred Nelly Piper (née Johnson) on their dairy farm in the Sydney suburb of Cheltenham. He began performing as a child, singing soprano for the Sydney Boys' Choir and making his radio debut with a choir on 2FC.

## Acting career

Piper began his professional career acting in radio plays, and later branched out to touring variety acts which toured local pubs and clubs. He worked as a television extra for several years, before taking to the stage for a theatre career. Notable roles in the 1970s included a long-running stint in the play *Dimboola*, and a role as a bartender in the film *My Brilliant Career*. He was also involved in Werrington's own Henry Lawson Theatre performing both on stage and as director.

Piper is best known for his long-term role as town plumber Robert Menzies 'Bob' Hatfield in the television soap *A Country Practice*, appearing from episode 4 of that series in 1981 until 1992, becoming one of the longest-serving actors in an Australian drama series, until he was written out of the series alongside co-star Syd Heylen, as the producers wanted to concentrate on a younger cast and an updated formula. The decision was later regretted and co-star Brian Wenzel agreed in an interview in *TV Week* that the two actors were a large part of the series' comedic storylines.

Other television roles included *Homicide*, *Boney*, *Spyforce*, and the made-for-TV film *Hector's Bunyip*. He appeared in the film *The Dark Room*.

Piper served as the associate director of the Arts Council of New South Wales. He was also a founding member of P.A.C.T. (Producers, Actors, Composers and Talents), one of the best-known actors' studios in Sydney. He and actor Leonard Teale produced 'fill-ins' for ABC-TV prior to the widespread broadcasting of music videos.

## Personal life

Piper's wife Judith Ann Piper (formerly Price) died in 1981 and he wrote and directed an episode of *A Country Practice* in dedication to her and her story. Gordon's daughter Kerrin-Gai and son Kim both live in Australia.

In 1999, Piper was charged with the sexual molestation of an 11-year-old girl who attended his house at Penrith to help him unpack boxes. Piper, however, always maintained his innocence and was subsequently acquitted of the charges.

Piper had diabetes, which affected his circulation and eventually resulted in the amputation of both his legs. He suffered a cardiac arrest and was taken to Blacktown Hospital and died on 19 September 2004 at the age of 72.

## Filmography

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Type |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1971 | *Wake in Fright* | Two-up Player (uncredited) | Feature film |
| 1972 | *Private Collection* | First Removalist | Feature film |
| 1978 | *Puzzle* | Policeman in House | TV movie |
| 1979 | *My Brilliant Career* | Barman | Feature film |
| 1982 | *The Dark Room* | Police Sargeant | Feature film |
| 1986 | *Hector's Bunyip* | Jack Benson | TV movie |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Type |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1971 | *Division 4* | John Hardin | TV series |
| 1971 | *Dynasty* (aka *Tony Morphett's Dynasty*) | Warder | TV series |
| 197- | *The Comedy Game* | Pub Customer | TV series |
| 1972 | *Boney* | Sergeant | TV series |
| 1971-73 | *Spyforce* | Prison Sergeant (uncredited) / Eric the Grave Digger (uncredited) | TV series |
| 1976 | *Number 96* | Detective Sergeant | TV series, 2 episodes |
| 1978 | *Case for the Defence* | Moncheiff | TV series |
| 1977-79 | *Chopper Squad* | Port Officer / The Detective | TV series |
| 1981-92 | *A Country Practice* | Robert Menzies 'Bob' Hatfield | TV series, 745 episodes |

## InfoBox

| Gordon Piper | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Gordon Stephen Piper
(1932-06-03)3 June 1932
Cheltenham, New South Wales, Australia |
| Died | 18 September 2004(2004-09-18) (aged 72)
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia |
| Occupations | * Actor * director * scriptwriter * comedian |
| Television | Robert "Bob" Hatfield on *A Country Practice* |
| Spouse | Judith Ann Price (d. 1981) |
| Children | 2 |
| Website | Gordon Piper official website |


title: James Spear House

abstract: The James Spear House is a historic home in Charleston, South Carolina along Charleston's Battery. The property upon which the house was built was acquired by James Spear in 1860 for $5,000; a plat connected with the sale does not reveal any improvements to the lot. However, by the time of a municipal census conducted in 1861, Spear was already occupying the house. The house is a three-story brick house in the Italianate style that was popular in Charleston just before the Civil War. The house has a two-story porch across the front with a third story that is open to the elements. Behind the house, there is a two-story service building original to the house. The service building was connected to the house some time after 1882.

text:
# James Spear House

The **James Spear House** is a historic home in Charleston, South Carolina along Charleston's Battery. The property upon which the house was built was acquired by James Spear in 1860 for $5,000; a plat connected with the sale does not reveal any improvements to the lot. However, by the time of a municipal census conducted in 1861, Spear was already occupying the house.

The house is a three-story brick house in the Italianate style that was popular in Charleston just before the Civil War. The house has a two-story porch across the front (south facade) with a third story that is open to the elements. Behind the house, there is a two-story service building original to the house. The service building was connected to the house some time after 1882.

32°46′14.64″N 79°55′53.48″W / 32.7707333°N 79.9315222°W / 32.7707333; -79.9315222