title: Mokohinau Islands

abstract: The Mokohinau Islands (Pokohinau), sometimes spelt Mokohīnau Islands are a small group of islands that lie off the northeast coast of New Zealand's North Island. The islands are 100 km (62 mi) northeast of Auckland, 21 km (13 mi) northwest of Great Barrier Island and approximately 52 km (32 mi) east of Bream Head. The main islands of the group include Fanal Island (Motukino), Burgess Island (Pokohinu), Flax Island (Hokoromea), and Atihau Island. Smaller islands include Bird Rock. Most of them are managed by the Department of Conservation as nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries. Landing is not allowed without a permit, with the exception of Burgess Island, much of which is managed as a scenic reserve by the Department of Conservation. The remainder of Burgess Island is Crown Land and is administered by the Ministry of Transport. The total land area of the Mokohinau Islands is 160 ha.

text:
# Mokohinau Islands

The **Mokohinau Islands (Pokohinau)**, sometimes spelt **Mokohīnau Islands** are a small group of islands that lie off the northeast coast of New Zealand's North Island. The islands are 100 km (62 mi) northeast of Auckland, 21 km (13 mi) northwest of Great Barrier Island and approximately 52 km (32 mi) east of Bream Head. The main islands of the group include Fanal Island (Motukino), Burgess Island (Pokohinu), Flax Island (Hokoromea), and Atihau Island. Smaller islands include Bird Rock. Most of them are managed by the Department of Conservation as nature reserves and wildlife sanctuaries. Landing is not allowed without a permit, with the exception of Burgess Island, much of which is managed as a scenic reserve by the Department of Conservation. The remainder of Burgess Island is Crown Land and is administered by the Ministry of Transport. The total land area of the Mokohinau Islands is 160 ha (400 acres).

## Geology

The islands are volcanic stacks sitting at the edge of the continental shelf. Mokohinau formed between 10 and 8.5 million years ago, as a part of the Coromandel Volcanic Zone, which has since moved southwards to form the modern Taupō Volcanic Zone.

## History

The islands were often visited seasonally by Māori for muttonbirding, harvesting the chicks of petrels for food and oil. Today, the main attractions for the rare tourists are the very clear waters teeming with wildlife.

Like many neighbouring Hauraki Gulf islands, the group is free of mammalian pests and being left to naturally regenerate. The Mokohinau Islands are home to a number of New Zealand's smallest endangered species, such as the Mokohinau skink, the Mokohinau gecko, the robust skink and the Mokohinau stag beetle as well as a number of endangered plant species.

Burgess Island is also the location of the Mokohinau Islands Lighthouse, one of the most distant lights from the mainland. The light was built in 1883 and was one of the last in the country to be fully automated in 1980.

## Climate

Mokohinau Island has a mild oceanic climate (*Cfb*) with mild, somewhat humid summers and mild winters, with rainfall spread throughout the months. Frost has never been recorded.

| Climate data for Mokohinau Island Aws (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1972–1980, 1994–present) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 29.0
(84.2) | 29.5
(85.1) | 27.8
(82.0) | 24.7
(76.5) | 22.7
(72.9) | 19.5
(67.1) | 18.5
(65.3) | 19.9
(67.8) | 20.1
(68.2) | 23.2
(73.8) | 23.6
(74.5) | 27.8
(82.0) | 29.5
(85.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 22.4
(72.3) | 23.0
(73.4) | 21.8
(71.2) | 19.8
(67.6) | 17.5
(63.5) | 15.6
(60.1) | 14.8
(58.6) | 14.8
(58.6) | 15.7
(60.3) | 17.1
(62.8) | 18.7
(65.7) | 20.7
(69.3) | 18.5
(65.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 20.0
(68.0) | 20.6
(69.1) | 19.6
(67.3) | 17.9
(64.2) | 15.9
(60.6) | 14.1
(57.4) | 13.2
(55.8) | 13.1
(55.6) | 13.8
(56.8) | 15.0
(59.0) | 16.4
(61.5) | 18.4
(65.1) | 16.5
(61.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 17.5
(63.5) | 18.3
(64.9) | 17.5
(63.5) | 16.1
(61.0) | 14.3
(57.7) | 12.6
(54.7) | 11.7
(53.1) | 11.5
(52.7) | 12.0
(53.6) | 12.9
(55.2) | 14.0
(57.2) | 16.0
(60.8) | 14.5
(58.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 6.5
(43.7) | 12.2
(54.0) | 10.8
(51.4) | 7.6
(45.7) | 3.0
(37.4) | 1.8
(35.2) | 4.5
(40.1) | 2.0
(35.6) | 3.2
(37.8) | 5.5
(41.9) | 8.4
(47.1) | 7.4
(45.3) | 1.8
(35.2) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 61.2
(2.41) | 57.3
(2.26) | 84.9
(3.34) | 75.4
(2.97) | 88.8
(3.50) | 101.4
(3.99) | 123.8
(4.87) | 93.7
(3.69) | 62.6
(2.46) | 56.0
(2.20) | 46.0
(1.81) | 69.3
(2.73) | 920.4
(36.23) |
| Source: NIWA | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

35°55′S 175°07′E / 35.917°S 175.117°E / -35.917; 175.117

## InfoBox

Mokohinau Islands
| Māori: Mokohinau | |
| --- | --- |
| View of the Mokohinau Islands Lighthouse on Burgess Island / Pokohinu, with Fanal island (Motukino) in the distance | |
|  | |
| Geography | |
| Coordinates | 35°55′S 175°07′E / 35.917°S 175.117°E / -35.917; 175.117 |
| Area | 1.6 km2 (0.62 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 136 m (446 ft) |
| Administration | |
| **New Zealand** | |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 0 |


title: R&R (magazine)

abstract: R&R was a weekly music trade publication that followed the radio industry and tracked the monitoring of current songs by format, station and audience cumes. The magazine was a sister publication to Billboard magazine and was mostly available through subscription to people who work in the radio industry and music chart enthusiasts, as well as various record stores and newsstands. On June 5, 2009, parent company AC Nielsen ceased operations on R&R just short of three years after acquiring the former independent trade periodical. When it ceased publication in 2009, R&R was the successor-in-interest of publications that traced their operations back to 1973.

text:
# R&R (magazine)

***R&R*** (also known as the "new" ***Radio & Records***) was a weekly music trade publication that followed the radio industry and tracked the monitoring of current songs by format, station and audience cumes. The magazine was a sister publication to *Billboard* magazine and was mostly available through subscription to people who work in the radio industry and music chart enthusiasts, as well as various record stores and newsstands. On June 5, 2009, parent company AC Nielsen ceased operations on *R&R* just short of three years after acquiring the former independent trade periodical. When it ceased publication in 2009, *R&R* was the successor-in-interest of publications that traced their operations back to 1973.

## History

*R&R* was a newly relaunched version of two different publications: *Billboard Radio Monitor* and *Radio & Records*, the latter where the *R&R* name was adopted from as the trade's "new" name. The move was a result of a merger between *Radio & Records*, the "original *R&R*", and *Radio Monitor* after VNU Media acquired *Radio & Records* on July 6, 2006.

On July 14, 2006, *Billboard Radio Monitor*, which originally started out in 1993 as *Airplay Monitor*, ceased publication with its final issue, while *Radio & Records*, which originally started in 1973, published its last issue as an independent trade on August 4, 2006. Its first issue under the newly retitled *R&R* was August 11, 2006, beginning with the official monitored BDS charts ending the week of August 6, 2006.

On June 3, 2009, it was announced that *Radio & Records* would cease all operations. The website closed down that date, and currently redirects to Billboard.biz. The reason for ending the publication was due to economic factors. Most of the articles and features that had been published in *R&R* were included in *Billboard*. Its final published issue was on June 5, 2009.

## Features

Among the features and articles that appeared in *R&R*, there were one for each format, "Street Talk" (which tracked the latest buzz in the radio industry), and daily news from radio and record industry in general. Those features were carried over from *Radio & Records*.

It also featured the latest weekly BDS monitored music charts and chart data information. Those features were carried over from *Billboard Radio Monitor*, but it also included the addition of indicators for non-monitored radio markets and Canadian chart airplay that was part of *R&R*. The overlapping of radio station reporters and format criteria from the former *Monitor* and *R&R* were modified in the new *R&R*.

## Controversy

On January 17, 2008, *R&R* awarded Bob Grant with the Talk Radio Lifetime Achievement Award. Almost immediately, the award was withdrawn, apparently after *R&R* received derogatory information about Bob Grant. "*R&R* is sensitive to the diversity of our community and does not want the presentation of an award to Mr. Grant to imply our endorsement of past comments by him that contradict our values and the respect we have for all members of our community," but *R&R* then invited Al Sharpton to speak, himself the subject of controversy.

## Format panels

The list continued using the BDS radio panels that was featured in *Billboard Radio Monitor*, but the names of the formats were changed after the conversion was completed.

The monitored radio panels are:

### United States

### Canada

For articles about their predecessors:

1. Bob Grant Celebrates 60 years in broadcasting on May 14th Archived 2008-04-10 at the Wayback Machine
2. "Talk radio award revoked". *Washington Times*. January 17, 2008.
3.

## InfoBox

*R&R*
| First issue | August 11, 2006 (2006-08-11) |
| --- | --- |
| Final issue | June 5, 2009 (2009-06-05) |
| Language | English |
| ISSN | 0277-4860 |
| OCLC | 815648421 |


title: R&R (Rare & Remixed)

abstract: R&R is a compilation made by BT. It contains various remixes of BT's songs, BT's remixes of other artists' songs, and rare BT songs. It is a double album, and is also BT's first compilation album, released in 2001.

text:
# R&R (Rare & Remixed)

***R&R (Rare & Remixed)*** is a compilation made by BT. It contains various remixes of BT's songs, BT's remixes of other artists' songs, and rare BT songs. It is a double album, and is also BT's first compilation album, released in 2001.

## Track listing

Disc one
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "BT – Remember (ESCM 12" Mix)" | 6:21 |
| 2. | "Paul van Dyk – Forbidden Fruit (BT & PvD's Food of Love Mix)" | 8:48 |
| 3. | "Dharma (AKA BT) – Transway (Way Out West Mix)" | 5:18 |
| 4. | "BT – Shame (Way Out West Mix)" | 6:23 |
| 5. | "Grace – Not Over Yet (BT's Spirit of Grace)" | 8:00 |
| 6. | "Mike Oldfield – Let There Be Light (BT Mix)" (remix named "BT Mix" on CD) | 6:44 |
| 7. | "Libra (AKA BT) presents Taylor – Anomaly (Calling Your Name)" (featuring Jan Johnston) | 7:43 |
| 8. | "SealI'm Alive (BT & Sasha Mix)" | 5:09 |
| 9. | "Sasha & BT – Heart of Imagination" | 8:11 |
| 10. | "Prana (AKA BT) – The Dream" | 7:00 |
| 11. | "Elastic Reality (AKA BT) – Cassa De X" | 4:20 |
| Total length: | | 73:57 |

Disc two
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "BT – Sunblind" (featuring Jan Johnston) | 9:59 |
| 2. | "BT – Smartbomb (Plump DJs Mix)" | 4:51 |
| 3. | "BT – Fibonacci Sequence" | 6:38 |
| 4. | "BT – Hip Hop Phenomenon" (featuring Tsunami One) | 3:45 |
| 5. | "BT – Godspeed (Hybrid Mix)" | 3:58 |
| 6. | "BT – Dreaming (Science Dept.'s Friends and Family Mix)" | 7:29 |
| 7. | "BT – Blue Skies (Paul Van Dyk's Blauer Himmel Mix / Erinnern Indigo Mix)" (featuring Tori Amos) | 7:37 |
| 8. | "BT – Never Gonna Come Back Down (Timo Maas Mix)" | 5:45 |
| 9. | "Dina Carroll – Run to You (BT vs PvD Mix)" | 5:06 |
| 10. | "Sarah McLachlan – I Love You (BT Mix)" | 7:44 |
| 11. | "BT – Flaming June" | 7:15 |
| Total length: | | 70:07 |

## InfoBox

| R&R (Rare & Remixed) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by BT | |
| Released | October 23, 2001 |
| Genre | Dance, electronica, trance |
| Label | Nettwerk |
| Producer | Brian Transeau |
| BT chronology | |
| *Extended Movement*
(2000) ***R&R (Rare & Remixed)***
(2001) *Still Life in Motion*
(2001) | |


title: Melikgazi

abstract: Melikgazi is a municipality and district of Kayseri Province, Turkey. Its area is 668 km⁲, and its population is 594,344 (2022). It covers the southern and eastern part of the agglomeration of Kayseri and the adjacent countryside.

text:
# Melikgazi

**Melikgazi** is a municipality and district of Kayseri Province, Turkey. Its area is 668 km2, and its population is 594,344 (2022). It covers the southern and eastern part of the agglomeration of Kayseri and the adjacent countryside.

## Political structure

The district Melikgazi was created in 1998 from part of the former central district of Kayseri, along with the district Kocasinan. At the 2013 Turkish local government reorganisation, the rural part of the district was integrated into the municipality, the villages becoming neighbourhoods. The mayor is Mustafa Palancıoğlu (AKP).

## Composition

There are 57 neighbourhoods in Melikgazi District:

* 19 Mayıs
* 30 Ağustos
* Ağırnas
* Alpaslan
* Altınoluk
* Anafartalar
* Anbar
* Aydınlıkevler
* Bağpınar
* Bahçelievler
* Battalgazi
* Becen
* Büyük Bürüngüz
* Cumhuriyet
* Danişmentgazi
* Demokrasi
* Eğribucak
* Erenköy
* Esentepe
* Esenyurt
* Fatih
* Germir
* Gesi Fatih
* Gökkent
* Gültepe
* Gülük
* Gürpınar
* Güzelköy
* Hisarcık
* Hunat
* Hürriyet
* İldem Cumhuriyet
* Kayabağ
* Kazımkarabekir
* Keykubat
* Kılıçaslan
* Kıranardı
* Kocatepe
* Köşk
* Küçükbürüngüz
* Mimarsinan
* Osman Kavuncu
* Osmanlı
* Sakarya
* Sarımsaklı
* Selçuklu
* Selimiye
* Şirintepe
* Subaşı
* Tacettin Veli
* Tavlusun
* Tınaztepe
* Turan
* Vekse
* Yeniköy
* Yeşilyurt
* Yıldırım Beyazıt

## Notable citizens

## InfoBox

| Melikgazi | |
| --- | --- |
| District and municipality | |
| Aerial view of Melikgazi | |
| Map showing Melikgazi District in Kayseri Province | |
| MelikgaziLocation in TurkeyMelikgaziMelikgazi (Turkey Central Anatolia) | |
| Coordinates: 38°43′N 35°30′E / 38.717°N 35.500°E / 38.717; 35.500 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Kayseri |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Mustafa Palancıoğlu (AKP) |
| Area | 668 km2 (258 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | 594,344 |
| Density | 890/km2 (2,300/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |
| Area code | 0352 |
| Website | www.melikgazi.bel.tr |


title: Newbury R.F.C.

abstract: Newbury Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club based in Newbury, Berkshire, England. Following league reorganisation, they play in Regional 2 South Central, a league at tier 6 in the English rugby union system. Newbury RFC is a community rugby club using players drawn from the local community and those coached through its youth rugby program.

text:
# Newbury R.F.C.

**Newbury Rugby Football Club** is a rugby union club based in Newbury, Berkshire, England. Following league reorganisation, they play in Regional 2 South Central, a league at tier 6 in the English rugby union system. Newbury RFC is a community rugby club using players drawn from the local community and those coached through its youth rugby program.

## History

The club was founded in 1928 due to the efforts of Len Whittaker who left St. Bartholomews Grammar School in 1924. The first game took place on 15th September 1928 against Stoke RFC. This was the first of 23 games that season, during which the club won 13 matches and lost 10. Even throughout the early years of the club, the standard of play encouraged major sides such as Northampton, Gloucester, Harlequins, and Wasps to play against Newbury.

In 1932 the club found a permanent home where they stayed until 1952 at which time the club moved to Pinchington Lane to the south of the town. It was not until 1958 that a clubhouse could be built on the site which was less than a mile from the present headquarters at Monks Lane where they have five pitches, of which three are fully floodlit. The 1938–39 season saw Newbury unofficially crowned by the local press as "Champions of Berkshire". The first game to be played after the War was on 13 April 1946 and despite the inauspicious date, the club won the match 37 – 0 against Windsor.

When the league system for English rugby started in 1987, Newbury was playing in a regional league – Courage South West 1. They were relegated at the end of their first season, but by the 1990–91 season, they were back in South West 1 and then promoted a second time, having finished as runners-up.

By the 1994–95 season, they had been relegated back into South West 1, and again finished runners-up. In this season, there was no promotion place for runners-up. The following season, however, The Blues were promoted back into the National League as champions of South West 1.

The 1996–97 season saw the advent of professionalism in English Rugby, along with the reduction in the number of tiers in the league from 5 to 4. The Blues spent the season in the 4th tier (known as National 4 South at the time) and enjoyed their second successive promotion, again as champions.

The next eight seasons were spent in the third tier (known as the Jewson National League 1 for the first three seasons, latterly changing to National Division 2 following the league restructure at the end of the 1999–00 season). The Blues finished 7th, 5th, 5th, 9th, 8th, 9th, and 8th, before finishing as runners-up in 2004–05 and finally achieving the fifth promotion of their league career.

In their first season in the second tier of English rugby (known at the time as National Division One), The Blues finished 11th under coach Ben Ryan, and achieved the same placement the following season.

The Blues' third season in the second tier was slightly less successful, with the team finishing in 13th place in 2007–08 under coach Chris Dossett, and in 2008-09 Newbury finished 3rd-bottom with just 4 wins under coach Ben Sturnham. In normal seasons this would have resulted in a narrow escape from relegation, but with another league restructure undertaken at the end of the season there were five teams relegated instead of the usual two, taking The Blues back down to National League One (the 3rd tier) for the first time since the 2004–05 season.

The 2009–10 season saw The Blues suffer a second successive relegation under Ben Sturnham, despite winning 12 games, and they were relegated to the fourth tier (National League 2) for the first time since 1997.

In 2010–11, under coach Andy Widdop, The Blues hit new lows, winning just one game and achieving an unwanted division record of 2,055 points conceded. Naturally, this resulted in a last-place finish and a third successive relegation.

Mike Marchant took over as coach for the 2011–12 season in National League 3 South West, but The Blues did only slightly better than the previous season, winning just two games. They were relegated at the end of the season to the sixth tier, South West Division One East. This was reported in local media at the time as being lower than the league where Newbury Blues started their league careers, although this is debatable as South West Division One East was by now the equivalent league to South West 2, where Newbury Blues spent the 1987–88 season.

In 2012–13 The Blues' finally arrested their slide down the divisions and managed to avoid a fifth successive relegation by winning ten games and finishing a creditable 9th in the division. Former Samoan international Ngapaku Ngapaku (known as Pux) was coach.

Pux left at the end of the season, having guided The Blues to survival for the first time since 2009, and Lee Goodall took over the head coach role. 2013–14 saw The Blues finish 11th with eight wins, before winning 15 games in the 2014-15 season and finishing 6th.

The 2015–16 season was The Blues' most successful in a long time, with 21 wins, including a 14-game winning streak that saw them win every single game in 2016, resulting in a third-place finish and only a lack of bonus points denying The Blues a play-off place (Salisbury had 20 wins to Newbury’s 21, but had picked up 14 bonus points to Newbury’s 8).

Building on the previous season's success the 2016–17 season ended with The Blues in second position and into the play-off match against Clevedon RFC in April to decide who would be promoted up into National League 3 South West (renamed South West Premier for season 2017–18). With 21 wins, 1 draw, and 4 losses the match statistics were the same as the previous season, but what were markedly different ways in the try bonus points, with 17 against the previous season's 7. The match finished 25–22 with Newbury the victors and promotion.

On 28 April 2018 The Blues' were once again relegated, despite having won 13 of the 26 games in the season. They finished with 64 points, and had the best defensive record in the league after table toppers Dings Crusaders, beat Bournemouth, Maidenhead and Newtown Abbot both home and away who finished second, third and fourth in the league respectively, but unfortunately with just 7 try-scoring bonus points during the season it wasn't enough to keep out of the relegation zone and on the final day of an extended season ,they missed out on staying up by one point.

The 2018–19 season in the Wadworth 6X South West One East division did however get off to a great start with a 67–7 away win against Stratford-Upon-Avon, which was followed up with an 85–0 home win against Swindon.

## Honours

**1st team:**

**2nd team (Newbury Stags):**

**3rd team:**

## Youth teams

Newbury RFC is widely regarded as having an above average youth team, and are currently sponsored by the local solicitors Thomas Eggar. There is a tradition at Monks Lane where the first team squad are often known to help out with training the youth team, and have previously won at a high level more clearly than the youth section, whose teams often win at county level and have represented Newbury at Twickenham stadium.

## InfoBox

Newbury
| Full name | Newbury Rugby Football Club |
| --- | --- |
| Union | Berkshire RFU |
| Founded | 1928 (1928) |
| Location | Newbury, Berkshire, England |
| Ground(s) | Monks Lane (Capacity: 8,000) |
| Chairman | Louise Goodall |
| President | David Jones |
| Coach(es) | Paul Archer |
| Captain(s) | Dan Thorne |
| League(s) | Regional 2 South Central |
| 2023–24 | 10th |
| Official website | |
| www.newburyrugby.co.uk | |


title: Gmina Górzyca

abstract: Gmina Górzyca is a rural gmina in Słubice County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, on the German border. Its seat is the village of Górzyca, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) north of Słubice and 49 km (30 mi) south-west of Gorzów Wielkopolski. The gmina covers an area of 145.55 square kilometres (56.2 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 4,294.

text:
# Gmina Górzyca

**Gmina Górzyca** is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Słubice County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, on the German border. Its seat is the village of Górzyca, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) north of Słubice and 49 km (30 mi) south-west of Gorzów Wielkopolski.

The gmina covers an area of 145.55 square kilometres (56.2 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 4,294.

## Villages

Gmina Górzyca contains the villages and settlements of Chyrzyno, Czarnów, Górzyca, Laski Lubuskie, Ługi Górzyckie, Owczary, Pamięcin, Radówek, Spudłów, Stańsk, Żabczyn and Żabice.

## Neighbouring gminas

Gmina Górzyca is bordered by the town of Kostrzyn nad Odrą and by the gminas of Ośno Lubuskie, Rzepin, Słońsk and Słubice. It also borders Germany.

## InfoBox

| Gmina Górzyca Górzyca Commune | |
| --- | --- |
| Gmina | |
|  | |
| Coordinates (Górzyca): 52°29′41″N 14°39′18″E / 52.49472°N 14.65500°E / 52.49472; 14.65500 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lubusz |
| County | Słubice |
| Seat | Górzyca |
| Area | |
| Total | 145.55 km2 (56.20 sq mi) |
| Population (2019-06-30) | |
| Total | 4,294 |
| Density | 30/km2 (76/sq mi) |
| Website | http://gmina.gorzyca.pl/ |


title: Old Thing Back

abstract: "Old Thing Back" is a 2015 single by Norwegian DJ Matoma that is a club remix of the 2007 song "Want That Old Thing Back" by The Notorious B.I.G. featuring Ja Rule and Ralph Tresvant. "Want That Old Thing Back" appeared on the compilation album Greatest Hits, and is a remix of the 1995 Notorious B.I.G. single "One More Chance". "Old Thing Back" is credited to "Matoma and The Notorious B.I.G. featuring Ja Rule & Ralph Tresvant", making this Matoma's debut single as a main artist. Both "Want That Old Thing Back" and "Old Thing Back" were produced after The Notorious B.I.G.'s death in 1997.

text:
# Old Thing Back

"**Old Thing Back**" is a 2015 single by Norwegian DJ Matoma that is a club remix of the 2007 song "Want That Old Thing Back" by The Notorious B.I.G. featuring Ja Rule and Ralph Tresvant. "Want That Old Thing Back" appeared on the compilation album *Greatest Hits*, and is a remix of the 1995 Notorious B.I.G. single "One More Chance". "Old Thing Back" is credited to "Matoma and The Notorious B.I.G. featuring Ja Rule & Ralph Tresvant", making this Matoma's debut single as a main artist.

Both "Want That Old Thing Back" and "Old Thing Back" were produced after The Notorious B.I.G.'s death in 1997.

## Rise to popularity and release

The remix initially became popular in the summer of 2014 when it reached #1 on the music aggregator website Hype Machine. Many record companies expressed interest in Matoma's work after hearing the remix. Ja Rule, who is featured on the original track, wrote on Twitter that he loved the track.

The track was officially released in March 2015, on Big Beat Records. It charted on VG-lista, the official Norwegian singles chart and Sverigetopplistan, the official Swedish singles chart.

An instrumental version of the remix is featured in the 2014 snowboarding film *Shredbots The Movie* directed by Leo Cittadella.

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (2015) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Denmark (Tracklisten) | 18 |
| Finland (Suomen virallinen lista) | 12 |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 43 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 75 |
| Norway (VG-lista) | 2 |
| New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ) | 25 |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 8 |
| US Bubbling Under R&B/Hip-Hop Singles (*Billboard*) | 8 |
| US Hot Dance/Electronic Songs (*Billboard*) | 25 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (2015) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Sweden (Sverigetopplistan) | 37 |
| US Hot Dance/Electronic Songs (*Billboard*) | 75 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 40,000* |
| Denmark (IFPI Danmark) | Platinum | 60,000^ |
| Italy (FIMI) | Gold | 25,000 |
| Norway (IFPI Norway) | Platinum | 40,000 |
| Sweden (GLF) | Platinum | 40,000 |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Gold | 400,000 |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000 |
| * Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| "Old Thing Back" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Matoma and The Notorious B.I.G. featuring Ja Rule and Ralph Tresvant | |
| from the album  *Hakuna Matoma* | |
| Released | 24 February 2015 |
| Recorded | 2014 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 5:22
6:19 (Club Edit) |
| Label | Warner Music Group |
| Songwriter(s) | Jack Knight |
| Producer(s) | Matoma |
| Matoma singles chronology | |
| "**Old Thing Back**"
(2015) "Try Me"
(2015) | |
|  | |
| The Notorious B.I.G singles chronology | |
| "Spit Your Game"
(2006) "**Old Thing Back**"
(2015) "Party On the West Coast"
(2017) | |
| Ralph Tresvant singles chronology | |
| "It Must Be You"
(2009) "**Old Thing Back**"
(2015) | |
|  | |


title: Punarjani

abstract: Punarjani is a 2003 Indian Malayalam-language drama film written and directed by Major Ravi and Rajesh Amanakara, and starring Pranav Mohanlal. The film was produced by P. L. Thenappan under the production house Sri Rajlakshmi Films. Pranav won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Child Artist for his performance in the film.

text:
# Punarjani

***Punarjani*** (transl.Reincarnation) is a 2003 Indian Malayalam-language drama film written and directed by Major Ravi and Rajesh Amanakara, and starring Pranav Mohanlal. The film was produced by P. L. Thenappan under the production house Sri Rajlakshmi Films. Pranav won the Kerala State Film Award for Best Child Artist for his performance in the film.

## Plot

The story is about an 11-year-old child Appu who feels that his mother gives more love and attention to his younger brother. Though Appu argues with his mom to give his younger brother the same workload as he does, he is the one who goes to the temple early morning to sing the Sopanam after which he provides milk to a tea shop and then goes to school.

His only friend is the Swamiji who sits next to the temple and tells him the stories of the famous "Naranathu Bhrandhan". Appu at times even imagines himself as Naranathu Bhrandhan. Over a period of time he is convinced that his mom loves only his younger brother and this feeling leads Appu to consider his younger brother as his enemy.

One day Appu injures his younger brother. After seeing his brother bleeding and unconscious, Appu runs away from the village and ending up with a child labour broker. Appu is employed under contract at a rich man's house. The man's children treat him very poorly, which drives Appu into the past memories of his mother. Running away from there he lands up in the hands of another child labour contractor where again he is cheated.

All this makes Appu to realise the importance of his mother and brother. One night after a dream about his mother, he leaves town and returns home. It is too late by then as his mother died. Life takes a new turn for Appu when he decides to stay back at home and take care of his brother.

## Cast

## Soundtrack

The film features two songs composed by Dr. Suresh Manimala.

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Artist(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Sritha Kamalaakucha" | Jayadevar | G. Venugopal, Yazin Nizar |  |
| 2. | "Thaniye Parakkunna Pakshi" | V Madhusoodanan Nair | G. Venugopal |  |

## Accolades

| Ceremony | Category | Nominee | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Kerala State Film Award | Best Child Artist | Master Pranav Mohanlal | Won |  |
| | Special Jury Mention | Master Vishnu | Won | |

## InfoBox

| Punarjani | |
| --- | --- |
| Home media cover | |
| Directed by | Major Ravi
Rajesh Amanakara |
| Written by | Major Ravi
Rajesh Amanakara |
| Produced by | P. L. Thenappan |
| Starring | Pranav Mohanlal |
| Cinematography | S. Sreeram |
| Edited by | K. Thanigachalam |
| Music by | Suresh Manimala
A. K. Heman (Score) |
| Production
company | Sri Rajlakshmi Films |
| Distributed by | Sri Rajlakshmi Films |
| Release date | * 17 September 2003 (2003-09-17) |
| Running time | 160 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Malayalam |


title: Israel A. Maisels

abstract: Israel Aaron “Isie” Maisels was a judge of the High Court of Southern Rhodesia and the Judge President of Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. He practised law in South Africa from 1928 until his retirement in 1992 and was widely regarded as “pre-eminent among his generation of advocates” and “one of the country’s most formidable legal minds.” In addition to a legal practice, he is best known for his defence of those prosecuted for their political beliefs and “as a man whose life and interests reflected a deep concern for human rights and civil liberty.” He was the leader of the defence team in the famous South African Treason Trial of 1956 to 1961 in which the accused, including Nelson Mandela, were all acquitted as well as numerous other cases in which he represented individuals adversely affected by the apartheid government's oppressive legislation. He served on the bench of the High Court of Southern Rhodesia from May 1961 to June 1963.

text:
# Israel A. Maisels

**Israel Aaron “Isie” Maisels** (19 November 1905 – 8 December 1994) was a judge of the High Court of Southern Rhodesia and the Judge President of Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. He practised law in South Africa from 1928 until his retirement in 1992 and was widely regarded as “pre-eminent among his generation of advocates” and “one of the country’s most formidable legal minds.” In addition to a legal practice, he is best known for his defence of those prosecuted for their political beliefs and “as a man whose life and interests reflected a deep concern for human rights and civil liberty.” He was the leader of the defence team in the famous South African Treason Trial of 1956 to 1961 in which the accused, including Nelson Mandela, were all acquitted as well as numerous other cases in which he represented individuals adversely affected by the apartheid government's oppressive legislation. He served on the bench of the High Court of Southern Rhodesia from May 1961 to June 1963.

## Early life and education

Maisels was born in November 1905 in Johannesburg. His father, Henry, had come with his siblings and parents in the 1890s from Pokroy, a small village in Lithuania and his mother, Andzia, née Sieradski, from Łódź in Poland. He attended the Marist Brothers’ preparatory and high school and received his undergraduate and graduate degrees at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, graduating from the law school in 1927. He married Muriel Maisels on 28 June 1934 and the couple had four children.

Following his graduation, he served in a firm of attorneys for two years as an “articled clerk” and was admitted to the Bar as an advocate of the Supreme Court of South Africa in 1930. In May 1940 he volunteered for the South African Armed Forces and was assigned to the Air Force Intelligence and dispatched to Nairobi, Kenya. He returned to South Africa in 1941 and was discharged from the Army with the rank of Major in October 1944. Prior to his discharge, he declined an offer of the position of Judge Advocate of the Armed Forces. His law practice grew rapidly, and he was appointed a King's Counsel (KC) in 1948 and Queen's Counsel (QC) following the death of King George VI. He served as chairman of the Johannesburg Bar Council from 1952 -1960 and was vice-chairman and acting chairman of the General Council of the South African Bar from 1954 – 1960. In his position as leader of the Johannesburg Bar, he opposed several pieces of oppressive legislation enacted by the government, including the Suppression of Communism Act which led to the persecution and imprisonment of many, but his commercial practice flourished. In 1956, a Vickers Viscount airplane operated by the Central African Airways (CAA) disintegrated over Tanzania, killing all passengers and crew. Maisels represented the CAA and was able to demonstrate that the crash was the result of metal fatigue due to faulty material. Vickers Armstrong paid all of the damages claimed as well as the legal costs. In 1960 David Pratt attempted to assassinate Hendrik Verwoerd, South Africa's Prime Minister, who survived the attack. Maisels defended Pratt who was found guilty but insane and committed to a mental institution where he committed suicide one year later.

Maisels represented the Consolidated Diamond Mines of South West Africa (CDMSWA) in what came to be known as “the great Southwest African Diamond Case.”

The CDMSWA was owned by the Anglo-American Corporation of which Sir Ernest Oppenheimer was the chairman. The case involved an area of some 10,000 miles of the West Coast of South-West Africa (now Namibia) and the question of the rights to prospect for diamonds between the high and low watermarks along the beaches. In a case that lasted more than one year, Maisels was successful in securing the sole and exclusive rights for CDMSWA.

Maisels is perhaps best known for his role as the leader of the defence team (that included Bram Fischer and Sydney Kentridge), in the South African Treason Trial in which 156 people of all races, including Chief Albert Luthuli, president of the African National Congress (ANC), Oliver Tambo, the ANC vice president and Nelson Mandela were arrested in December 1956 and charged with treason.

Following a preparatory examination which ended in January 1958, the charges against Luthuli, who gave evidence as a witness in the trial and Tambo were withdrawn and 91 individuals, including Nelson Mandela, were committed for trial. The trial which attracted much international attention was in two parts - the First and Second Indictment. The First Indictment commenced on 1 August 1958. The State's case was cumbersome and vague and, on 13 October 1958, it was withdrawn by the State after being picked apart by Maisels and his team. The State rallied, however, and the same trial, this time with fewer defendants (but including Mandela), commenced in August 1959.

Following the Preparatory Examination, when Maisels was approached by the accused to take charge of their defence, he insisted that the defence, in this case, be conducted strictly on legal, and not political, grounds. Although the defendants initially opposed this, it subsequently was proven to be the appropriate strategy. This Second Indictment was more specific than the First and alleged that the defendants intended a violent overthrow of the Apartheid government. The trial finally ended in March 1961 with the acquittal of all the accused. During the trial, Maisels cross-examined professor Andrew Murray who was called by the Crown as an expert on communism. In the cross-examination, Maisels enumerated the multiple discriminatory laws that had been passed for decades against the non-whites of South Africa and became increasingly harsh and more pervasive following 1948 when the Nationalist Party government came to power. Following this exchange, Maisels was approached by Duma Nokwe, a black lawyer who had been one of the initial accused but dismissed following the preparatory examination. He asked Maisels whether he had notes on his cross-examination and when asked why he said: “I would like to get those notes because I did not know things were quite so bad.” Following the Treason Trial, Maisels moved to Salisbury, Southern Rhodesia (now Harare, Zimbabwe) in 1961 where he served as a judge of the high court. Soon after his arrival, however, Northern Rhodesia withdrew from the Rhodesian Federation, and the Southern Rhodesian government was replaced by a right-wing party which led to the passage of increasingly harsh legislation which Maisels could not condone. He resigned his position in 1963 and returned to South Africa becoming an executive director of the OK Bazaars, the largest South African retail company of its time, where he worked for 7 years before returning to the Bar in 1970 where he rapidly resumed a busy practice.

In 1966 he was appointed as a Justice of the Appeal Courts of the former British Protectorates, Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland. As these courts only sat for 2–3 months of the year, he continued his law practice at the Johannesburg Bar. He was subsequently appointed Judge President (Chief Justice) of all three countries and served until his retirement in 1987. In 1974 he represented the Rhodesian African National Congress in their talks with the then Rhodesian government at the Victoria Falls. In 1977 he served on a two-person commission of the Medical Association of South Africa to investigate the death in detention of Black consciousness leader Steve Biko.

## Service to the Jewish Community

Maisels was an observant Jew and deeply involved in Jewish and Zionist causes for his entire life. He served as the president of the United Hebrew Congregation and president of the South African Jewish Board of Deputies, the South African Zionist Federation and the Israel United Appeal. He was a member of the Board of Governors of Israel's Jewish Agency for 10 years and a Trustee of the Weizmann Institute. Israeli Prime Ministers whom he hosted, or who enjoyed the hospitality of his home, included Menachem Begin (at the time a member of Israel's opposition party), Moshe Sharett, Yitzchak Rabin and Ben Gurion (following his retirement).

## Honours

* 1978 Honorary Doctor of Laws, University of the Witwatersrand
* 1984 Commander of the Order of Mohlomi, by King Moshoeshoe ll, Kingdom of Lesotho
* 1990 Presidential Order of Honour, Republic of Botswana
* 1999 “They Shaped our Century. The Most Influential South Africans of the 20th century.” Human and Rousseau, Cape Town 2003, pp 472–476
* 2003 “Maisels Chambers” an office building for Johannesburg barristers, built and named for Isie Maisels and opened by President Mandela in 2003.

## InfoBox

| Israel Aaron MaiselsQC | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1905-11-19)19 November 1905<br>Johannesburg, Transvaal Colony |
| Died | 8 December 1994(1994-12-08) (aged 89) |
| Alma mater | University of the Witwatersrand |
| Occupation(s) | Barrister, judge and Community leader |
| Years active | 1928 – 1992 |
| Known for | Apartheid era political and civil rights trials |
| Spouse(s) | Muriel Maisels (nee Freed, m. 1934) |
| Children | 4 |


title: Pessac Centre tram stop

abstract: Pessac Centre tram stop is the terminus of the Pessac Centre branch of line B of the Bordeaux tramway, and is located on Avenue Eugène et Marc Dulout in the centre of the commune of Pessac. The tram stop is adjacent to Pessac railway station, with direct access between station and tram stop platforms, and the Mairie de Pessac. The stop was inaugurated 29 May 2007, when line B was extended from Bougnard. It remained the sole terminus at the southern end of line B until April 2015, when a second branch was opened from Bougnard to France Alouette. The stop is operated by Transports Bordeaux Métropole. For most of the day on Mondays to Fridays, trams run at least every ten minutes between Pessac Centre and Bordeaux city centre. Services run less frequently in the early morning, late evenings, weekends and public holidays.

text:
# Pessac Centre tram stop

***Pessac Centre* tram stop** is the terminus of the Pessac Centre branch of line B of the Bordeaux tramway, and is located on *Avenue Eugène et Marc Dulout* in the centre of the commune of Pessac. The tram stop is adjacent to Pessac railway station, with direct access between station and tram stop platforms, and the *Mairie de Pessac*.

The stop was inaugurated 29 May 2007, when line B was extended from *Bougnard*. It remained the sole terminus at the southern end of line B until April 2015, when a second branch was opened from *Bougnard* to *France Alouette*. The stop is operated by Transports Bordeaux Métropole.

For most of the day on Mondays to Fridays, trams run at least every ten minutes between *Pessac Centre* and Bordeaux city centre. Services run less frequently in the early morning, late evenings, weekends and public holidays.

## Interchanges

### SNCF

Trains calling at Pessac railway station

### Buses of the TBC

| **Liane** | **4** |  | Bordeaux-St Louis \<=\> Pessac-Magonty |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ligne | **23** |  | Fontaine d'Arlac \<=\> Pessac-Romainville *ou* Toctoucau |
| Ligne | **24** |  | Porte de Bourgogne \<=\> Pessac-Bougnard |
| **Corol** | **35** |  | Peixotto \<=\> Les Aubiers |
| **Corol** | **36** |  | Gare de Pessac \<=\> Bègles Terres Neuves |
| **Citéis** | **42** |  | Mérignac-Lycée Daguin *(operation buckles some around Mérignac)* |
| **Citéis** | **44** |  | Pessac-Candeau \<=\> UNITEC |
| **Flexo** | **48** | Pessac / Mérignac (Lundi au Vendredi) | Pessac-Haut Livrac \<=\> Mérignac-Le Burck puis zone flexo comprenant la zone d'emploi de Mérignac |
| **Flexo** | **54** | Pessac-Bersol (Soirée) | Fontaine d'Arlac \<=\> zone flexo de la ZI de Bersol \<=\> Bougnard |
| Ligne | **87** |  | Pessac Centre \<=\> Villenave d'Ornon-Piscine Chambéry |
|

## InfoBox

| Pessac Centre | |
| --- | --- |
| A tram at the stop in 2009 | |
| General information | |
| Location | Pessac<br>France |
| Coordinates | 44°48′15.451″N 0°37′57.166″W / 44.80429194°N 0.63254611°W / 44.80429194; -0.63254611 |
| Line(s) | Line B |
| Construction | |
| Architect | Elizabeth de Portzamparc |
| History | |
| Opened | 29 May 2007 (2007-05-29) |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station Bordeaux tramway Following station  *Terminus*  Line B  Camponac Médiathèquetowards Berges de la Garonne | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  Pessac CentreLocation within BordeauxPessac CentrePessac Centre (Nouvelle-Aquitaine)Pessac CentrePessac Centre (France) | |


title: Mokokchung district

abstract: Mokokchung District (Pron:/ˌməʊkɒkˈtʃʌŋ/) is a district of Nagaland state in India. The town of Mokokchung is its headquarters. The district is the home of the Ao Nagas. It is bounded by the state of Assam to its north, Wokha District to its west, Tuensang District and Longleng District to its east, and Zünheboto District to its south.

text:
# Mokokchung district

**Mokokchung District** (Pron:/ˌməʊkɒkˈtʃʌŋ/) is a district of Nagaland state in India. The town of Mokokchung is its headquarters. The district is the home of the Ao Nagas. It is bounded by the state of Assam to its north, Wokha District to its west, Tuensang District and Longleng District to its east, and Zünheboto District to its south.

## History

During the British Rule of India the Mokokchung area was part of the Naga Hills District of Assam. The Mokokchung subdivision of Naga Hills District was created in 1889, and it remained so following India independence in 1947. Naga Hills District remained as a district of Assam until 1957, when it and Tuensang Frontier Division of the North-East Frontier Agency (now Arunachal Pradesh) were joined to form the centrally governed Naga Hills Tuensang Area. At that point Mokokchung subdivision became a district, one of three alongside Kohima and Tuensang districts.

February 1961 saw the renaming of Naga Hills Tuensang Area to "Nagaland", and in December 1963 Nagaland became the 16th state of India. Finally December 1973 saw the new districts of Zunheboto and Wokha carved out of Mokokchung, leaving the borders of Mokokchung district as they stand today.

## Geography

It covers an area of 1,615 km2 while accurately the total area of the district is 1719 km2 "because of its long time border dispute with Assam. The physiography of the district shows six distinct hill ranges. The ranges are approximately parallel to each other and are aligned roughly north-east/south-west. The district lies between 94.29 and 94.76 degrees east longitude and 26.20 and 26.77 degrees north latitude. The entire district of Mokokchung is conveniently sub-divided into ranges. The main valleys are Tsurang, Changki and Milak Valleys. The district is agriculturally and industrially among the most progressive districts in the state, along with Chümoukedima, Dimapur and Kohima. Major agricultural regions are Changki-Longnak, Tsurang, Milak and Dikhu valley regions. Tuli-Milak region and Changki-Longnak valley are the major industrial areas.

### Major mountain ranges

### Land use

| Category | Area (km2) |
| --- | --- |
| Total land | 1719 |
| Forest Department purchased land | 49.66 |
| Agriculture | 180.39 |
| Villages and towns | 10.50 |
| Horticulture | 8.12 |
| Different development departments | 386.07 |
| Degraded land | 982.62 |

## Administration

Mokokchung district's administrative headquarters with its Indian Administrative Service (IAS) cadre is located at Mokokchung town. The Deputy Commissioner, also in Mokokchung town, is the head of the district.

The district has four subdivisions, Mokokchung, Tuli, Mangkolemba and Changtongya, and nine administrative/revenue circles - Ongpangkong, Tuli, Chuchuyimlang, Changtongya, Mangkolemba, Kubolong, Alongkima, Longchem and Merangmen.

The sub-division of Mokokchung town is administered directly by the Deputy Commissioner and one Sub-Divisional Officer; Additional Deputy Commissioner (ADC) offices are located in the sub-divisions of Mangkolemba and Tuli administrative circles; a Sub-Divisional Officer is located in the sub-division of Changtongya circle, and Extra Assistant Commissioner EAC headquarters are located in the six remaining circles of Ongpangkong, Kubolong, Chuchuyimlang, Alongkima, Longchem and Merangmen.

There are six Rural Development Blocks (RDBs) in the district. Longchem and Kubolong circles each have their own RDB; whereas Alongkima, Mangkolemba and Merangmen constitute the Mangkolemba RDB; Tuli, Changtongya and Chuchuyimlang constitute the Changtongya RDB. The 19 villages of Ongpangkong are split between RDBs Ongpangkong North and Ongpangkong South.

### Assembly constituencies

Mokokchung elects ten members to the 60-seat Nagaland Legislative Assembly. The constituencies are Alongtaki, Jangpetkong, Impur, Angetyongpang, Koridang, Aonglenden, Mokokchung Town, Mongoya, Tuli and Arkakong. As of the 2018 Nagaland Legislative Assembly election, all of its legislators are in the ruling United Democratic Alliance government.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census Mokokchung district has a population of 194,622. This gives it a ranking of 591st in India (out of a total of 640), Mokokchung has a sex ratio of 925 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 91.6%.

The Chungli Ao is the main language of the Aos followed by Mongsen Ao and Changki languages.

District's literacy rate of 84.6% (2001 census) is the highest in the state and one of the highest in the entire country. The district has been declared a fully literate district in 2007, to become Nagaland's first 100 percent literate district. With 1004 females for every 1000 males, it has the 7th highest female:male sex ratio among the 538 districts of India in the 0-6 age group population (2001 census).

### Urbanization

The only urban areas of the district listed at the last census were Mokokchung (35,913), Tuli town (7,864), Changtongya (7,532) and Tsudikong (4,416). Despite the census not listing any metro areas, the District Administration describes the urban spread of Mokokchung town to the nearby towns and villages as a metropolitan area. This zone is said to include Chuchuyimpang, Mokokchung Village, Khensa, Ungma, Alichen and DEF colony.

### Towns and villages

Ongpangkong circle comprises the one town (and population) of Mokokchung Municipal Committee (35,913), and the nineteen villages of Ungma (9,443), Mokokchung Village (5,338), Chungtia (4,661), Alichen (4,198), Mangmetong (4,159), Longmisa (3,962), Longkhum (3,811), Chuchuyimpang (3,774), Longsa (3,206), Khensa (1,447), Aliba (1,045), Kupza (912), Kinunger (501), Settsu (497), Mekuli (280), Longjongkong (228), Chubayimkum (190), Moalenden (124), Meyilong (108).

Tuli circle comprises the two towns (and population) of Tuli Town Committee (7,864) and Tsudikong Census Town (4,416), and the eleven villages of Kangtsung (3,008), Merangkong (2,562), Asangma (1,593), Anaki (840), Wamaken (625), Aopenzu (558), Kangtsung Yimsen (478), Anakiyimsen (473), Merangkong Comp. (456), Anaki 'C' (400), Wamakenyimsen (104).

Chuchuyimlang circle comprises the eleven villages of Chuchuyimlang Vill. (5,674), Mongsenyimti (2,867), Chuchuyimlang (2,132), Chakpa (1,604), Longkong (1,259), Yaongyimti (999), Salulemang (953), Yisemyong Comp. (909), Mongsenyimti Comp. (779), Yaongyimti (437), Phangsang Comp. (219).

Changtongya circle comprises the one town (and population) of Changtongya Town Committee (7,532), and the nineteen villages of Yaongyimsen (3,080), Changtongya (2,248), Unger (1,394), Akhoia (1,123), Yaongyimsen Comp. (1,062), Changtongya (478), Kilingmen (455).

Mangkolemba circle comprises the thirteen villages of Mangkolemba Hq (3,713), Khar (3,614), Changki (2,486), Longnak (768), Japu (487), Longsemdang (369), Chungliyimsen (337), Longtho (267), Atuphumi (257), Satsukba (242), Shihaphumi (206), Merakiong (175), Puneboto Comp. (36).

Kobulong circle comprises the ten villages of Sungratsu (3,590), Longjang (3,504), Mopungchuket (3,072), Longpa (602), Kubolong Hq (517), Impur Mission Centre (458), Alongchen Comp. (374), Yimchalu (197), Khanimu (184), Chami (181).

Alongkima circle comprises the ten villages of Molungkimong (2,816), Molungyimsen (2,650), Waromong (2,132), Yimjenkimong (1,420), Molungyimsen 'B' (1,099), Dibuia (538), Mongchen (485), Alongkima Hq (333), Dibuia Comp. (269), Waromong Comp. (205).

Longchem circle comprises the sixteen villages of Yajang 'C' (1,690), Nokpu (1,380), Longchem Comp. (699), Lirmen (671), Yajang 'A' (653), Saring (581), Tsurmen (529), Lakhuni (503), Changdang (498), Akumen (354), Aonokpu (290), Yajang 'B' (260), Alongtaki Comp. (204), Aonokpuyimsen (158), Yajang Model Vill. (109), Lizo Model Vill. (38).

Merangmen circle comprises the ten villages of Chungtiayimsen (1,839), Longphayimsen (1,548), Moayimti (841), Watiyim (728), Medemyim (335), Aosenden (246), Aosungkum (217), Aokum (116), Vikuto (114), Tsutapela (60).

### Religion

Religion in Mokokchung District (2011)

Christianity (93.44%)  Hinduism (5.06%)  Islam (1.06%)  Buddhism (0.23%)  Sikhism (0.04%)  Jainism (0.03%)  Not stated (0.15%)

According to the 2011 official census, Christianity is major religion in Mokokchung District with 181.847 Christians (93.44%), 9.840 Hindus (5.06%), 2.057 Muslims (1.06%), 442 Buddhists (0.23%), 78 Sikhs (0.04%), 66 Jains (0.03%), 6 did Other (\<0.01%) and 286 did not answer (0.15%).

## Economy

The main industrial regions of the district are the Changki Valley, Tsurang Valley, Lower Milak-Tuli Region and the Dikhu-Chichung Valley.

The main agricultural products of the district are Rice, Maize, Tomatoes, Passion Fruit, and Oranges.

The education sector comprises 42 primary, middle and high government schools, 10 private schools, Two government colleges and two private Colleges .

## Culture

The *Moatsü* and *Tsüngremong* festivals are celebrated greatly in Mokokchung District.

### Media

* All India Radio, Mokokchung
* *Tir Yimyim* (daily newspaper in Ao)
* *Lenjeter* (monthly magazine in Ao)
* *Mokokchung Times* (daily newspaper)

## InfoBox

| Mokokchung District | |
| --- | --- |
| District of Nagaland | |
| Nickname: Land of Pioneers | |
| Mokokchung District's location in Nagaland | |
| Coordinates: 26°19′N 94°31′E / 26.317°N 94.517°E / 26.317; 94.517 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Nagaland |
| Seat | Mokokchung |
| Government | |
| Assembly constituencies | 10 constituencies |
| Area | |
| Total | 1,719 km2 (664 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 194,622 |
| Density | 110/km2 (290/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| ISO 3166 code | IN-NL-MK |
| Major highways | NH 2,  NH 202 |
| Website | http://mokokchung.nic.in/ |


title: R&R (military)

abstract: R&R, military slang for rest and recuperation, is an abbreviation used for the free time of a soldier or international UN staff serving in unaccompanied duty stations. The term is used by a number of militaries such as the United States Armed Forces and British Armed Forces. In the UK, the term applies to a type of leave granted to personnel during an overseas deployment which allows them to return home to the UK to visit their family.

text:
# R&R (military)

**R&R**, military slang for **rest and recuperation** (also **rest and relaxation**, **rest and recreation**, or **rest and rehabilitation**), is an abbreviation used for the free time of a soldier or international UN staff serving in unaccompanied (no family) duty stations. The term is used by a number of militaries such as the United States Armed Forces and British Armed Forces. In the UK, the term applies to a type of leave granted to personnel during an overseas deployment which allows them to return home to the UK to visit their family.

## R&R in the U.S. armed forces

The US Morale, Welfare and Recreation network provides leisure services for US military personnel. Service members and US Defense Department civilians on 12-month tours in Iraq and Jordan supporting Operation Iraqi Freedom and Afghanistan supporting Operation Enduring Freedom have a rest and recuperation leave program that allows them to take up to 15 days, excluding travel time, to visit family or friends in the United States or Europe.

All US military personnel serving in Vietnam during the Vietnam War were eligible for one R&R during their tour of duty (13 months for marines, 12 months for soldiers, sailors, airmen). The duration of R&R was five days leave to R&R destinations, Bangkok, Hong Kong, Kuala Lampur, Penang, Manila, Seoul, Singapore, Taipei and Tokyo (as well as in-country at China Beach). Due to their greater distance, seven days leave was permitted for R&R destinations Hawaii and Sydney. Bangkok was reportedly most popular with single GIs, Hawaii most popular with married GIs planning to holiday with spouses.

### Prostitution

Prostitution has long been part of soldiers' R&R activity. It has been condoned by civilian populations in peacetime and wartime since early history, although some see it as a problem due to human trafficking concerns.

Japan after the unconditional surrender to the United States at the end of the Second World War in 1945 and South Korea during the 1950s saw the effective institution of "camp towns" around the US bases, where brothels were allowed to operate unfettered.

In the Vietnam War, the official policy of the United States Department of Defense was to suppress prostitution. Prostitution however, was relied upon by the US military to combat the battlefield trauma many faced. Women worked in bars, nightclubs, massage parlors and bathhouses across various R&R spots in Asia for the appeasement of the American military servicemen. The popularity of bar girls was high because upon "rental", the GI would receive a legally enforceable contract. When a GI decided which girl he wanted, the girls would serve as a companion and guide.

Pattaya Beach in Thailand was a fishing village until the 1960s when thousands of U.S. troops from Vietnam showed up for R&R, leading to the creation of one of the largest red light districts in the world. The heart of its economy remains sex tourism. Soldiers sometimes called the breaks "I&I" for "intoxication and intercourse". The 1973 novel *Saint Jack* and its 1979 film adaptation revolve around the American GIs who came to Singapore during the Vietnam War on R&R for the prostitution that was prevalent in the city-state at the time.

In 2006, the Department of Defense made it a crime for a service member to hire a prostitute anywhere in the world; the penalties can include up to a year in prison, forfeiture of pay, and a dishonorable discharge. This change was criticized by some in Europe, where prostitution is legal and regulated in some countries.


title: R&J Records

abstract: R&J Records is an American independent record label specializing in country music. It was founded in May 2011 by James Stroud and Rick Carter. Stroud is a record producer and former president of Giant Records and DreamWorks Records. In 2008, Stroud launched Stroudavarious Records and signed many artists to that label. Most Stroudavarious artists' contracts were moved to the new label, whereas some other previous artists signed with Stroudavarious have moved to other record labels.

text:
# R&J Records

**R&J Records** is an American independent record label specializing in country music. It was founded in May 2011 by James Stroud and Rick Carter. Stroud is a record producer and former president of Giant Records and DreamWorks Records. In 2008, Stroud launched Stroudavarious Records and signed many artists to that label. Most Stroudavarious artists' contracts were moved to the new label, whereas some other previous artists signed with Stroudavarious have moved to other record labels.

## Stroudavarious Records

| Stroudavarious Records | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Founded | 2008 (2008) |
| Founder | James Stroud |
| Defunct | 2011 (2011) |
| Distributor(s) | RED Distribution |
| Genre | Country |
| Country of origin | U.S. |
| Location | Nashville, Tennessee |
| Official website | www.atlanticrecords.com |

Stroud founded Stroudavarious Records in July 2008. The label's roster consisted of new artists and artists who had signed to major labels. It had many artists signed to Stroudavarious, including Aaron Lewis, LoCash Cowboys, Shelly Fairchild, Shea Fisher, Houston County, Blaine Larsen (Treehouse), Richie McDonald, Anthony Smith and Darryl Worley. BamaJam included Tracy Lawrence, Blackberry Smoke and Matt Kennon. Country Crossing included John Anderson, Aaron Tippin, Louise Mandrell, Lee Greenwood and Lorrie Morgan. Emrose signed Margaret Durante.

## R&J/DMP/Emrose

James Stroud announced on May 17, 2011 the launching of the Nashville-based R&J Records. The same executive team that ran Stroudavarious Records ran the new label. Besides R&J Records, there were two concurrent labels: DMP Records and Emrose Records.

R&J was "restructured" in April 2012, with Andy Gibson transferring to Curb Records and Maggie Rose (formerly known as Margaret Durante) moving to RPM Entertainment.

## Roster

**R&J Records**

**DMP Records**

**Emrose Records**

## InfoBox

| R&J Records | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Founded | 2011 (2011) |
| Founder | James Stroud, Rick Carter |
| Distributor(s) | RED Distribution |
| Genre | Country |
| Country of origin | U.S. |
| Location | Nashville, Tennessee |
| Official website | www.randjrecords.com |


title: WAWF

abstract: WAWF is a Christian radio station licensed to Kankakee, Illinois and serving Kankakee County, Illinois and northern Iroquois County. WAWF is owned and operated by Family Worship Center Church, Inc. The station began broadcasting in 2000. It was originally owned by the American Family Association and was an affiliate of American Family Radio. In 2004, the station was sold to Family Worship Center Church, along with WBMF and WWGN, for $1 million.

text:
# WAWF

**WAWF** (88.3 MHz) is a Christian radio station licensed to Kankakee, Illinois and serving Kankakee County, Illinois and northern Iroquois County. WAWF is owned and operated by Family Worship Center Church, Inc. The station began broadcasting in 2000. It was originally owned by the American Family Association and was an affiliate of American Family Radio. In 2004, the station was sold to Family Worship Center Church, along with WBMF and WWGN, for $1 million.

## InfoBox

WAWF
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Broadcast area | Kankakee County, Illinois |
| Frequency | 88.3 MHz |
| Branding | *"Sonlife Radio Network"* |
| Programming | |
| Format | Christian |
| Affiliations | SONLIFE Radio Network |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Family Worship Center Church, Inc. |
| Sister stations | WBMF, WWGN |
| History | |
| First air date | 2000 |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 78927 |
| Class | A |
| ERP | 1,250 watts |
| HAAT | 87 meters (285 ft) |
| Transmitter coordinates | 41°4′39.0″N 87°45′22.0″W / 41.077500°N 87.756111°W / 41.077500; -87.756111 |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen live |
| Website | http://sonlifetv.com/ |


title: Nevill Catlin

abstract: Sir Nevill Catlin (1634–1702) of Kirby Cane in Norfolk and of Wingfield Castle in Suffolk, England, was a landowner and member of Parliament from a Norfolk family long active in local and national affairs.

text:
# Nevill Catlin

**Sir Nevill Catlin** (1634–1702) (*aliter* Catlyn, Catelyn, etc.) of Kirby Cane in Norfolk and of Wingfield Castle in Suffolk, England, was a landowner and member of Parliament from a Norfolk family long active in local and national affairs.

## Origins

Baptised on 3 March 1634, he was the eldest surviving son of Richard Catlin IV (1583-1662) of Kirby Cane, MP, by his second wife Dorothy Neville (1605-1672), a daughter of landowner and politician Sir Henry Nevill (d.1615) of Billingbear, by his wife Anne Killigrew, a daughter of Henry Killigrew. Sir Nevill Catlin's grandfather Thomas Catlin (c.1550-1636; a younger son of Richard Catlin II (1520-1556), MP for Norwich in Norfolk) had purchased the manor of Kirby Cane in 1604. The first cousin of Sir Nevill Catlin's father was Irish judge Sir Nathaniel Catelyn.

## Early life

His father had supported the King in the Civil War and had been disabled from sitting in Parliament in 1644 and suffered sequestration of his estate, but was discharged without fine in 1647. His elder half-brother Thomas Catlin died fighting for the royalist side in the Second Battle of Newbury in 1644. His elder half-sister Mary Catlin married Sir Edward Ward, 1st Baronet, of Bixley. In 1650 he entered King's College, Cambridge.

## Marriages and issue

He married three times: in 1658 in London he married as his first wife Doraemon Bedingfield, a daughter of the judge and politician Sir Thomas Bedingfield by his wife Elizabeth Hoskins, a daughter of Charles Hoskins of Oxted. After her early death he married secondly Elizabeth Houghton, a daughter of Robert Houghton of Ranworth by his wife Elizabeth Corbet (d.1681), a daughter of Sir John Corbet, 1st Baronet, of Sprowston. Thirdly he married Mary Blois, sister of Sir Charles Blois, 1st Baronet and daughter of Sir William Blois of Grundisburgh by his first wife Martha Brooke, a daughter of Sir Robert Brooke of Cockfield. His third wife survived him and remarried to Sir Charles Turner, 1st Baronet, of Warham. From the first two marriages there were three sons and a daughter, but none lived long.

## Career

At the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660 he joined the Norfolk militia, initially as a captain of cavalry and rising later to major. In 1661 he was appointed a commissioner for tax assessment for both Norfolk and Suffolk. He was knighted in 1662, having inherited his paternal estates of Kirby Cane and Wingfield Castle. In 1668 he was appointed a justice of the peace for Norfolk and in 1680 for Suffolk, also serving as a deputy lieutenant for Norfolk in 1676 and for Suffolk in 1680.

In addition to these local activities he entered national politics, first standing at a by-election for the county seat of Norfolk in 1675 but losing after a considerable outlay. However he won the seat in 1679, after a bitter contest, having stood as a supporter of the crown in the first general election of 1679. Although his election was declared void, he was re-elected a fortnight later. In the second general election of 1679, he stood reluctantly and lost after a lacklustre campaign.

In the 1685 general election he was unopposed as one of the two members for the city of Norwich in Norfolk, and was listed among those opposed to King James II, who had espoused the Roman Catholic religion. A moderately active member, he was appointed to four unimportant committees. Unsympathetic to the political ambitions of the Catholic party, he opposed the repeal of the penal laws against Catholics and dissenters but was not against some relaxation. As an opponent of the King's absolute rule, he was stripped of his local offices, and when these were restored in October 1688 he refused to sit next to Catholic office holders. In the Convention Parliament of 1689 he was fairly active, being appointed to 15 committees.

He did not stand in the 1690 general election, retiring from national politics. Dying in July 1702, he was buried at Kirby Cane and was succeeded by his younger brother Richard Catlin V (1636 – 1711), who never married.

1. "Norfolk". Retrieved 9 March 2016.
2. "Norwich". Retrieved 9 March 2016.


title: Go-Go Boots (album)

abstract: Go-Go Boots is the ninth studio album by American rock band Drive-By Truckers, first released February 14, 2011, on Play It Again Sam Records. It was produced by record producer David Barbe and recorded during 2009 to 2010, concurrently with sessions for the band's previous album The Big To-Do (2010). Upon its release, Go-Go Boots received positive reviews from most music critics.

text:
# Go-Go Boots (album)

***Go-Go Boots*** is the ninth studio album by American rock band Drive-By Truckers, first released February 14, 2011, on Play It Again Sam Records. It was produced by record producer David Barbe and recorded during 2009 to 2010, concurrently with sessions for the band's previous album *The Big To-Do* (2010). Upon its release, *Go-Go Boots* received positive reviews from most music critics.

## Background

The majority of the album was recorded over three blocks of sessions during 2009. The 25 songs resulting from these sessions were split between *The Big To-Do* and its follow-up *Go-Go Boots*. After *The Big To-Do'*s release, the band continued working on and tweaking the album throughout 2010, eventually recording 5 more songs for *Go-Go Boots* during this period. *Go-Go Boots* marks the eighth Drive-By Truckers album produced by David Barbe, and is the eighth Drive-By Trucker LP with artwork designed by Wes Freed.

The album was released in the United States on February 15 by ATO Records and in Europe on February 14, 2011 by Play It Again Sam Records. The album's first single, "The Thanksgiving Filter" (with "Used To Be A Cop" as the b-side) was released as a limited edition vinyl on November 26, 2010.

## Music

*Go-Go Boots* expands on the country and soul music influences of the band's previous work. Phil Mongredien of *The Observer* writes that "the influence of Aretha and Otis occasionally informs their country/southern rock fusion \[...\] with a smattering of 60s soul-inspired flourishes". The band's guitarist and frontman Patterson Hood described the album as their "most different and most Muscle Shoals sounding album." The band recorded two covers by fellow Muscle Shoals artist Eddie Hinton for the album. Bassist Shonna Tucker sings Hinton's "Where's Eddie", while Hood performs "Everybody Needs Love".

Of the album's content, Hood commented in a letter to fans, "If *The Big To-Do* was an action adventure summertime flick (albeit with some brainy and dark undercurrents) this one is a noir film." According to *The Guardian*'s Michael Hann, the album's themes focus on "lives turned sour; \[...\] that shuffles around the Deep South". Andy Gill of *The Independent* writes of its themes and characters, "the brooding protagonists of songs such as 'Ray's Automatic Weapon' and 'Used to Be a Cop' are captured on the cusp of catastrophe, at the end of their tether, while the adulterous itch prompted by a dancer's boots in the title-track bristles with portents of recrimination".

## Reception

### Critical response

Professional ratings
| Aggregate scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AnyDecentMusic? | 7.1/10 |
| Metacritic | 78/100 |
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Chicago Tribune* |  |
| *The Guardian* |  |
| *The Independent* |  |
| *Mojo* |  |
| *MSN Music* (Expert Witness) | A− |
| *Pitchfork* | 7.7/10 |
|  |  |
| *Rolling Stone* |  |
| *Spin* | 7/10 |

*Go-Go Boots* received positive reviews from most music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 78, based on 25 reviews, which indicates "generally favorable reviews". AllMusic editor Mark Deming complimented its noirish themes, stating "The craft of Patterson Hood and Mike Cooley's songwriting is as strong as ever, drawing believable characters and giving them lives that make dramatic sense". Deming noted an "impressive sense of dynamics" in the band's music and commented that "There are moments where *Go-Go Boots* recalls *Exile on Main St.*, another album that makes much out of feel and the way musicians play off one another". *Rolling Stone* writer Jody Rosen described the album as "a raggedy revision of classic southern soul" and stated "It's a slight shift from DBT's usual muscular alt-country, but the rest is familiar: great storytelling \[...\] hinged to choruses that lodge in your cranium". Sean McCarthy of *PopMatters* viewed it as an improvement over their previous album, *The Big To-Do*, stating "the statements aren’t nearly as boisterous, the mood is more consistent, and the characters that occupy the songs are more fleshed out". Peter Watts of *Uncut* praised the band's "writing absorbing tales of smalltown characters and setting them to raucous, life-affirming music", calling it "a more restrained affair, a country-soul stew populated by brooding ex-cops, frustrated movie stars, wife-murdering preachers and sweet old ladies".

However, *Slant Magazine*'s Jonathan Keefe criticized the band's songwriting and found Hood's observations "literal and tin-eared", writing that "*Go-Go Boots* aims for a soulful, introspective vibe, but it ends up as the dullest album in the Truckers's catalogue". Joseph Viney of Sputnikmusic wrote unfavorably of its musical style, stating "A majority of the songs keep to the same tempo and elicit little variety". *Chicago Tribune* writer Greg Kot commented that "a little more variation would’ve been welcome", but gave it three out of four stars and complimented its "acoustic-flavored country and soul colors". *Pitchfork*'s Stephen M. Deusner viewed the album as a departure from the "rock noise" of their previous albums, "indulging \[Mike\] Cooley's country jones as well as the band's more acoustic tendencies". Deusner called it "a more dynamic record" than *The Big To-Do*, noting "a greater textural range, from the noir ramble of 'Ray's Automatic Weapon' to the spidery tension of 'Used to Be a Cop', one of Hood's best character sketches". In his consumer guide for *MSN Music*, critic Robert Christgau wrote that "they turn down the boogie so we're sure to get the lyrics" and commented that "Cooley owns the best tunes and the best lines".

### Accolades

*Uncut* placed the album at number 19 on its list of "Top 50 albums of 2011" while *Mojo* placed the album at number 26.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "I Do Believe" | Hood | 3:31 |
| 2. | "Go-Go Boots" | Hood | 5:36 |
| 3. | "Dancin' Ricky" | Tucker | 3:26 |
| 4. | "Cartoon Gold" | Cooley | 3:13 |
| 5. | "Ray's Automatic Weapon" | Hood | 4:25 |
| 6. | "Everybody Needs Love" | Eddie Hinton | 4:35 |
| 7. | "Assholes" | Hood | 4:39 |
| 8. | "The Weakest Man" | Cooley | 3:19 |
| 9. | "Used to Be a Cop" | Hood | 7:03 |
| 10. | "I Hear You Hummin’ (Vinyl Only Bonus Track)" | Tucker | 3:41 |
| 11. | "The Fireplace Poker" | Hood | 8:14 |
| 12. | "Where’s Eddie" | Hinton | 3:01 |
| 13. | "The Thanksgiving Filter" | Hood | 5:34 |
| 14. | "Pulaski" | Cooley | 4:24 |
| 15. | "Mercy Buckets" | Hood | 5:24 |

## Personnel

Credits for *Go-Go Boots* adapted from Allmusic.

## Charts

| Chart (2011) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders) | 69 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 88 |
| Norwegian Albums (VG-lista) | 29 |
| Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan) | 43 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 58 |
| US *Billboard* 200 | 35 |
| US Independent Albums (*Billboard*) | 8 |
| US Top Rock Albums (*Billboard*) | 8 |
| US Top Tastemaker Albums (*Billboard*) | 4 |

## InfoBox

| Go-Go Boots | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Drive-By Truckers | |
| Released | February 14, 2011 (2011-02-14) |
| Recorded | 2009–2010 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 66:24 |
| Label |  |
| Producer | David Barbe |
| Drive-By Truckers chronology | |
| *The Big To-Do*
(2010) ***Go-Go Boots***
(2011) *Ugly Buildings, Whores, and Politicians: Greatest Hits 1998-2009*
(2011) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Go-Go Boots* | |
| 1. "The Thanksgiving Filter"
Released: November 26, 2010 | |
|  | |


title: Oldhamstocks

abstract:
Oldhamstocks or Aldhamstocks is a civil parish and small village in the east of East Lothian, Scotland, adjacent to the Scottish Borders and overlooking the North Sea. It is located 6 miles (10 km) south-east of Dunbar and has a population of 193. The church was consecrated by Bishop David de Bernham, 19 October 1242. Its chancel is a fine example of late Gothic — probably fifteenth-century work. The summer Gala Day hosts activities such as sporting events. There is also judging of vegetables, plants and artwork. Prior to 1891 the parish was also partly in Berwickshire and had a detached portion at Butterdean of 1417 acres.
The detached portion was transferred to Coldingham, Berwickshire, while the main part of the parish is now wholly within East Lothian. In 1650 Oliver Cromwell spent a night in the village prior to defeating the Scots at the Battle of Dunbar.

text:
# Oldhamstocks

**Oldhamstocks** or **Aldhamstocks** ("old dwelling place") is a civil parish and small village in the east of East Lothian, Scotland, adjacent to the Scottish Borders and overlooking the North Sea . It is located 6 miles (10 km) south-east of Dunbar and has a population of 193. The church was consecrated by Bishop David de Bernham, 19 October 1242. Its chancel is a fine example of late Gothic — probably fifteenth-century work.

The summer Gala Day hosts activities such as sporting events. There is also judging of vegetables, plants and artwork.

Prior to 1891 the parish was also partly in Berwickshire and had a detached portion at Butterdean of 1417 acres. The detached portion was transferred to Coldingham, Berwickshire, while the main part of the parish is now wholly within East Lothian.

In 1650 Oliver Cromwell spent a night in the village prior to defeating the Scots at the Battle of Dunbar.

## Notable people

* John Broadwood (1732–1812), piano maker and founder of Broadwood and Sons, grew up in Oldhamstocks
* Robert Cranston (1890–1959), first-class cricketer
* John Currie, Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1709.
* James Hardy LL.D. (1815-1898), naturalist and antiquarian of Berwickshire and the Scottish Borders, born in Oldhamstocks
* Bonaventure Hepburn OM (born James Hepburn; 14 July 1573, East Lothian – October 1620 or 1621, Venice, Italy) was a Scottish Roman Catholic linguist, lexicographer, philologist and biblical commentator.
* Alexander Somerville (15 March 1811 – 17 June 1885) was a British Radical journalist and soldier

Citations Sources

## InfoBox

| Oldhamstocks | |
| --- | --- |
| Oldhamstocks Kirk and kirkyard | |
| OldhamstocksOldhamstocksLocation within Scotland | |
| Population | 193 *(2001)* |
| OS grid reference | NT741706 |
| Civil parish | * Oldhamstocks |
| Council area |  |
| Lieutenancy area |  |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Cockburnspath |
| Postcode district | TD13 |
| Dialling code | 01368 |
|  | |
| Police | Scotland |
| Fire | Scottish |
| Ambulance | Scottish |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
| Scottish Parliament |  |
|


title: Gillacommain mac Niall

abstract: Gillacommain mac Niall was king of Uí Díarmata.

text:
# Gillacommain mac Niall

**Gillacommain mac Niall** (died 991) was king of Uí Díarmata.

## Background

Gillacommain mac Niall was a member of the SíOl Muiredaig dynasty, who ruled as kings of The Connachta in what is now central County Roscommon. By the mid 10th-century they had expanded south-west into the north-east of County Galway. Here a branch of the kindred seized territory and renamed it Uí Díarmata, after its founder, Diarmada Finn mac Tomaltaig, who was in turn a great-grandson of King Indrechtach mac Muiredaig (died 723).

## Death and successors

Gillacommain is not known to be attested in the genealogies, nor is there any other reference to him or his father, Niall. He was king in 991 but was at war with Cú Ceanain mac Tadhg, a son of his predecessor. The war ended with their mutual deaths, and another unattested member of the Uí Díarmata, Muirgheas mac Aedh, became king. Gillacommain left no known descendants, and after 999, all subsequent Uí Díarmata kings descended from Cú Ceanain mac Tadhg.


title: Pete Fox

abstract: Ervin "Pete" Fox was an American professional baseball player from 1930 to 1946. He played 13 seasons in Major League Baseball, principally as a right fielder, for the Detroit Tigers from 1933 to 1940 and the Boston Red Sox from 1941 to 1945. Though his given name was Ervin, Fox became known as "Pete" in 1932 when fans in Beaumont, Texas, dubbed him "Rabbit" in reference to his speed, with the nickname reportedly evolving into "Peter Rabbit" and then simply "Pete". Fox compiled a.298 career batting average and finished among the American League leaders in batting average four times—8th in 1935 (.321), 10th in 1937 (.331), 9th in 1943 (.288), and 6th in 1944 (.315). His.321 average in 1935 was third highest on the Tigers team that defeated the Chicago Cubs in the 1935 World Series. Fox also ranked among the American League leaders in stolen bases on seven occasions between 1934 and 1944.

text:
# Pete Fox

**Ervin** "**Pete**" **Fox** (March 8, 1909 – July 5, 1966) was an American professional baseball player from 1930 to 1946. He played 13 seasons in Major League Baseball, principally as a right fielder, for the Detroit Tigers from 1933 to 1940 and the Boston Red Sox from 1941 to 1945. Though his given name was Ervin, Fox became known as "Pete" in 1932 when fans in Beaumont, Texas, dubbed him "Rabbit" in reference to his speed, with the nickname reportedly evolving into "Peter Rabbit" and then simply "Pete".

Fox compiled a .298 career batting average and finished among the American League leaders in batting average four times—8th in 1935 (.321), 10th in 1937 (.331), 9th in 1943 (.288), and 6th in 1944 (.315). His .321 average in 1935 was third highest on the Tigers team that defeated the Chicago Cubs in the 1935 World Series. Fox also ranked among the American League leaders in stolen bases on seven occasions between 1934 and 1944.

## Early years

Fox was born in Evansville, Indiana, in 1909, the son of a fire captain. He graduated from Bosse High School in Evansville. After graduating from high school, Fox worked at a furniture factory in Evansville and played sandlot baseball.

## Playing career

### Minor leagues

Fox began his professional baseball career in 1930 with the Evansville Hubs of the Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League. After only seven games with the Hubs, Fox was sent to the Wheeling Stogies of the Mid-Atlantic League. He appeared in 106 games for the Stogies in 1930, compiling a .339 batting average with 24 doubles, 15 triples, and 14 home runs in 422 at bats.

After a strong showing with Wheeling, Fox was recalled to Evansville for the 1931 season. He hit .302 with 33 doubles, 12 triples, and 8 home runs in 490 at bats.

Fox spent the 1932 season playing for the Beaumont Exporters team that won the Texas League pennant. His teammates in Beaumont that year included Hank Greenberg, Schoolboy Rowe, Elden Auker, and Flea Clifton. Each of these players would play together on Detroit's 1934 and 1935 pennant-winning teams. Fox led the Texas League in 1932 with a .357 batting average. He also hit 23 doubles, 11 triples, and 19 home runs for Beaumont. Fox, whose first name was actually Ervin, also won the nickname "Pete" while playing for Beaumont. Due to Fox's speed, Beaumont fans began calling him "Rabbit" which then reportedly evolved into "Peter Rabbit" and then simply "Pete".

### Detroit Tigers

In 1933, Fox joined the Detroit Tigers and became the team's regular center fielder, starting 116 games at the position. He compiled a .288 batting average with 26 doubles, 13 triples, and 7 home runs in his rookie season. Fox was one of three rookies for Detroit in 1933, along with Hank Greenberg and Marv Owen, who would be consistent starters for the 1934 and 1935 pennant-winning teams.

In 1934, the Tigers acquired left fielder Goose Goslin, Jo-Jo White took over as the team's center fielder, and Fox became the team's starting right fielder. In his first season in right field, Fox struggled at the plate with a .285 batting average, but he led the American League with four outfield double plays. The 1934 Tigers won the American League pennant, and Fox set a major league record by hitting six doubles in the 1934 World Series in a losing effort against the St. Louis Cardinals.

The 1935 season was a breakout season for Fox as he helped lead the Tigers to an American League pennant and a World Series championship over the Chicago Cubs. After Fox began the season with a batting slump, a trade that would have sent Fox to another team fell through. Fox began hitting at a torrid pace after word of the trade became public. He had hitting streaks of 29 and 17 games and had eight hits and 10 runs batted in a double header against the St. Louis Browns on June 30, 1935. *The Sporting News* in a front page profile in late July 1935 credited Fox with being the Tigers' spark plug:

> Super work on the part of a single player often provides the winning accelerant for a team which otherwise might remain close to mediocrity in the result column. . . . This season it has been Ervin (Pete) Fox, little outfielder, who has supplied the winning spark, with a recent run of 29 games in which he hit safely having witnessed the definite upswing of Mickey Cochrane's Bengals.

During the 1935 season, Fox ranked among the American League's leaders in multiple offensive and defensive categories. His .321 batting average was eighth best in the league (third best on the Tigers behind Hank Greenberg and Charlie Gehringer), and his .513 slugging percentage was fifth best in the league. He also ranked sixth in runs scored (116), eighth in stolen bases (14), second in times hit by a pitch (6), and fourth in range factor among right fielders (1.90).

During the six-game 1935 World Series win over the Chicago Cubs, Fox led both teams with ten hits and a .385 batting average. *The Sporting News* called Fox "the individual hitting star of the series."

In 1936, the Tigers acquired future Baseball Hall of Fame outfielder Al Simmons to play alongside another future Hall of Fame outfielder Goose Goslin. The reconfiguration of the outfield, combined with multiple injuries, resulted in Fox losing his position as the team's starting right fielder. Fox suffered an "attack of lumbago" in early May, a sprained finger in July, and was called home from a road trip in August when his five-month son became ill. Gee Walker became the Tigers' starting right fielder and Fox was relegated to a backup role, starting only 49 games in right field in 1936. He compiled a .305 batting average in 220 at bats.

In 1937, with Simmons and Goslin having left the Tigers, Fox returned to the starting lineup, playing 105 games in right field, 28 in center field, and 11 in left field. Fox responded to his starting assignment with career bests in batting average (.331) and doubles (39). Along with Fox's outstanding season, Detroit second baseman Charlie Gehringer won the 1937 batting championship with a .371 average and first baseman Hank Greenberg added a team record 183 RBIs. The 1937 Tigers compiled an 89-65 record and finished in second place behind the New York Yankees. The 1937 Tigers tied a major league record with four players (Fox, Gehringer, Greenberg, and Gee Walker) each compiling 200 or more hits.

Fox began the 1938 season at a torrid pace with the bat. By early May, Fox was batting .451. Although his average dipped to .293 by the end of the 1938 season, Fox compiled a career high with 96 RBIs. Fox also ranked among the American League leaders in stolen bases (5th with 16), hits (10th with 186), and triples (7th with 10). Defensively, he led all American League outfielders in games played (155) and fielding percentage (.994) during the 1938 season.

Fox remained the Tigers' starting right fielder in 1939. He compiled a batting average of .295, and his 2.28 range factor in 1939 led all American League right fielders. In 1940, Fox and Bruce Campbell alternated as Detroit's right fielder. The Tigers won the 1940 pennant, but Campbell started all seven games in the 1940 World Series between the Cincinnati Reds and Tigers. Fox did have one pinch hit at bat in the 1940 Series. In three World Series, Fox played 14 games and batted .327 in 55 at bats.

On December 12, 1940, the Boston Red Sox purchased Fox from the Tigers for a sum reported to be slightly in excess of the waiver price. The sale of Fox was reported to be a source of "genuine regret" among Detroit fans, and Detroit sports writer Sam Greene wrote that Fox had "undeniable appeal as a steady, hard-working craftsman." Greene also wrote in *The Sporting News* that Fox had been overshadowed in Detroit by superstars Hank Greenberg, Charlie Gehringer, Goose Goslin, and Mickey Cochrane, and noted that it is "often said of Fox that he was 'the most under rated' player among the Battling Bengals."

### Boston Red Sox

Fox was a backup outfielder for the Red Sox during the 1941 and 1942 seasons, appearing in 62 games as an outfielder in 1941 and 71 games in 1942. In 1943, the Red Sox lost outfielders Ted Williams and Dom DiMaggio to military service, making room for Fox to emerge as the Red Sox starting right fielder in 1943. He was an All-Star in the 1944 season, in which he batted .315 (6th best in the league) with 37 doubles.

### Pacific Coast League

In 1946, Fox played for the Oakland Oaks of the Pacific Coast League under manager Casey Stengel. He appeared in 57 games for the Oaks, compiling a .258 batting average.

## Family and later years

After his playing career ended, Fox served as a manager for minor league baseball teams in Pawtucket (New England), Waterloo (Three-I) and Hot Springs (Cotton States). He also served as a scout for the Detroit Tigers and Chicago White Sox. He retired from baseball in the early 1950s after his vision deteriorated due to the development of cataracts. He subsequently worked as a manufacturer's representative in Detroit.

Fox was married in 1927 to Elizabeth ("Bettye") Stuteville. Pete and Bettye had one daughter, Beverly June, and one son, James. Peter fathered a son, Donald, in a second marriage (Helen). Don became a pitcher in the Boston Red Sox organization, and James became an all-city football player at his father's alma mater, Bosse High School.

In 1966, Fox died in Detroit, Michigan, at 57, of cancer. He was interred at Detroit's Woodlawn Cemetery. In 1980, Fox was posthumously inducted into the Indiana Baseball Hall of Fame. His daughter, Beverly Markey, and his grandson, Stephen Markey, were present to receive the honor.

## InfoBox

| Pete Fox | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| **Right fielder** | |
| **Born:** (1909-03-08)March 8, 1909
Evansville, Indiana, U.S. | |
| **Died:** July 5, 1966(1966-07-05) (aged 57)
Detroit, Michigan, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| April 12, 1933, for the Detroit Tigers | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| September 23, 1945, for the Boston Red Sox | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Batting average | .298 |
| Home runs | 65 |
| Runs batted in | 694 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |


title: William Fuqua

abstract: William G. Fuqua was a justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court from July to December 1995. Born in Russellville, Kentucky, Fuqua's father served as mayor of the town. Fuqua served on the Circuit Court of Logan County, Kentucky, from 1970 until his retirement in June 1995. The following month, he was appointed by Governor Brereton C. Jones to serve for a brief period as a justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court, to a seat vacated by the retirement of Thomas B. Spain. Fuqua said he would not be a candidate in the special election to fill the remainder of the term. Beginning in 1997, Fuqua became a frequent guest on the radio show Kentucky Living on WRUS-AM.

text:
# William Fuqua

**William G. Fuqua** (born November 4, 1930) was a justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court from July to December 1995.

Born in Russellville, Kentucky, Fuqua's father served as mayor of the town. Fuqua served on the Circuit Court of Logan County, Kentucky, from 1970 until his retirement in June 1995. The following month, he was appointed by Governor Brereton C. Jones to serve for a brief period as a justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court, to a seat vacated by the retirement of Thomas B. Spain. Fuqua said he would not be a candidate in the special election to fill the remainder of the term.

Beginning in 1997, Fuqua became a frequent guest on the radio show *Kentucky Living* on WRUS-AM.

## InfoBox

| William Fuqua | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Justice of the Kentucky Supreme Court | |
| **In office**<br>July 27, 1995  December 11, 1995 | |
| Appointed by | Brereton C. Jones |
| Preceded by | Thomas B. Spain |
| Succeeded by | William Graves |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1930-11-04) November 4, 1930 |
|  | |


title: R. Lanier Britsch

abstract: Ralph Lanier Britsch was a history professor at Brigham Young University who specialized in the history of missionary work by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, particularly in the Pacific Islands and Asia.

text:
# R. Lanier Britsch

**Ralph Lanier Britsch** (born 1938) was a history professor at Brigham Young University who specialized in the history of missionary work by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), particularly in the Pacific Islands and Asia.

## Biography

Britsch is the son of Ralph A. Britsch, who was a BYU English professor and helped start the Humanities program at Brigham Young University.

Britsch served as a missionary for the LDS Church in Hawaii two times, first as a youth, and later as a senior missionary assigned to help document the history of the Polynesian Cultural Center. Britsch received his bachelor's degree and master's degree from BYU, and his Ph.D. from Claremont Graduate University in 1968.

Among the books Britsch has written or edited are *Nothing More Heroic: The Compelling Story of the First Latter-day Saint missionaries in India*; *From the East: The History of the Latter-day Saints in Asia, 1851-1996*; *Moramona: The Mormons in Hawai'i* and *Unto the Islands of the Sea: A History of the Latter-day Saints in the Pacific*. Britsch also wrote *Counseling: A Guide to Helping Others*.

For a time, Britsch was the director of BYU's David M. Kennedy Center for International Studies. Britsch was also Vice President for Academics at Brigham Young University Hawaii between 1986 and 1990.

He and his previous wife JoAnn Murphy Britsch are the parents of six children; JoAnn died in 2005. Britsch has since married Shirley McKay in 2007.

Britsch's older brother Todd Britsch was a humanities professor and later Academic Vice President at BYU.

Britsch has served in many positions in the LDS Church, including numerous assignments in bishoprics of BYU student wards and in the leadership of BYU student stakes. He also served in the presidency of the Orem Utah Sharon Stake. He is currently a patriarch in Orem, Utah.


title: R. Lee Heath

abstract: R. Lee Heath served as Chief of Police of the Los Angeles Police Department from August 1, 1924 to March 31, 1926. Heath had joined the L.A.P.D. in 1904 and was reputed to be the most adroit politician in the department, eventually rising to the level of top cop. He was a police captain when he was appointed chief, replacing Chief August Vollmer, the former Police Chief of Berkeley, California who had served as interim chief for exactly one year. Five new police stations were constructed while Heath was chief. To battle bootleggers and rum-runners during Prohibition, Heath had the L.A.P.D. purchase ten 30.06 Browning Automatic Rifles to enable his police force to counter the gangsters firepower. He declined to purchase.30-caliber Browning machine guns.

text:
# R. Lee Heath

**R. Lee Heath** served as Chief of Police of the Los Angeles Police Department from August 1, 1924 to March 31, 1926. Heath had joined the L.A.P.D. in 1904 and was reputed to be the most adroit politician in the department, eventually rising to the level of top cop. He was a police captain when he was appointed chief, replacing Chief August Vollmer, the former Police Chief of Berkeley, California who had served as interim chief for exactly one year.

Five new police stations were constructed while Heath was chief. To battle bootleggers and rum-runners during Prohibition, Heath had the L.A.P.D. purchase ten 30.06 Browning Automatic Rifles to enable his police force to counter the gangsters firepower. He declined to purchase .30-caliber Browning machine guns.

## Innovations

During his tenure as chief, the Chemical Lab and Photo Lab were created. Both served as forerunners to the L.A.P.D.'s Scientific Investigation Division. A separate division overseeing police training was first implemented in 1925.

Before he was appointed chief, Heath became intrigued by the possibilities of radio in law enforcement when he attended the Amateur Radio Show in Los Angeles in May 1924. The show featured hand-made radio receivers that could be mounted in an automobile and put to use for police work. At the 1925 National Radio Exposition, Heath demonstrated that an airplane equipped with a radio could follow an automobile and broadcast the vehicle's movements via radio station KRCA.

## Controversy

Heath allegedly was a protégé of Kent Kane Parrot, the chief of staff of Los Angeles Mayor George E. Cryer, the assistant district attorney who was elected in 1921 as a reformer. Known as the "De Facto Mayor of Los Angeles", Parrot served as the political boss of Los Angeles. He reputedly was the architect of "The Combination", the alliance between politicians, the police and the underworld, that ran L.A. for decades. Parrot was said to have run the L.A.P.D., making personnel transfers without consulting the Chief. He was closely connected to the king of L.A.'s vice rackets, Charlie Crawford. The Combination became so notorious during the Cryer Administration that it was called "The City Hall Gang".

* Hays, Thomas G. Hays, Arthur W. Sjoquist, and William J. Bratton. *Los Angeles Police Department* (Mount Pleasant, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2005), p. 45. ISBN 978-0-7385-3025-3

## InfoBox

| R. Lee Heath | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Died | Tujunga, California |
| **Police career** | |
| Country | United States |
| Department | Los Angeles Police Department |
| Rank | Chief of Police 1924-26 |
|  | |