title: Park Loggia

abstract: Park Loggia is a building in New York City owned by AvalonBay Communities and designed by architect Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill. It is located on the Lincoln Square neighborhood of Manhattan's Upper West Side, on Broadway between 61st and 62nd Streets. The new structure replaced another SOM-designed building completed in 1965.

text:
# Park Loggia

**Park Loggia** is a building in New York City owned by AvalonBay Communities and designed by architect Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill. It is located on the Lincoln Square neighborhood of Manhattan's Upper West Side, on Broadway between 61st and 62nd Streets. The new structure replaced another SOM-designed building completed in 1965.

## Original building

The headquarters of the American Bible Society originally stood on the site. Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill designed the original structure. It incorporated some Biblical symbolism, inspired by its anchor tenant. John Kriskiewicz, a Manhattan-based historian of architecture, referred to the original 1865 Broadway as “structurally expressive” but also expressed that it “might have left the public cold.” The Bible Society placed the building on the market in 2014.

## New structure

AvalonBay purchased the building from the Society in 2015 for $300 million, after the organization announced it intended to move its headquarters to Philadelphia. Like the former building, Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill designed the new building. Park Loggia topped out in December 2017. The building will contain mostly residential space, with a mix of apartments for rent and condominiums for sale.

*New York YIMBY* reported that SOM took inspiration from the facade of I. M. Pei's Brutalist Kips Bay Towers for the design of the new structure. The new structure has a terra cotta facade.

## InfoBox

| Park Loggia | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Type | Residential |
| Town or city | New York City |
| Country | United States |
| Coordinates | 40°46′13″N 73°58′57″W / 40.77028°N 73.98250°W / 40.77028; -73.98250 |
| Completed | 2019 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Skidmore, Owings, and Merrill |


title: Parker Mills Pond

abstract: Parker Mills Pond is a 105-acre (0.42 km⁲) pond in Wareham, Massachusetts. The Wankinco River flows through the pond. Additionally, Harlow Brook flows into the pond. The water quality is impaired due to non-native aquatic plants and non-native fish. Route 25 runs through the northern part of the pond just east of the highway's terminus with Interstates 195 and 495, and Route 28 runs along the southern shore of the pond.

text:
# Parker Mills Pond

**Parker Mills Pond** is a 105-acre (0.42 km2) pond in Wareham, Massachusetts. The Wankinco River flows through the pond. Additionally, Harlow Brook flows into the pond. The water quality is impaired due to non-native aquatic plants and non-native fish. Route 25 runs through the northern part of the pond just east of the highway's terminus with Interstates 195 and 495, and Route 28 runs along the southern shore of the pond.

## InfoBox

| Parker Mills Pond | |
| --- | --- |
| Parker Mills Pond | |
| Parker Mills Pond | |
| Location | Wareham, Massachusetts |
| Coordinates | 41°46′30″N 70°43′14″W / 41.77500°N 70.72056°W / 41.77500; -70.72056 |
| Primary inflows | Wankinco River, Harlow Brook |
| Primary outflows | Wankinco River |
| Basin countries | United States |
|  | |
| Surface area | 105 acres (42 ha) |


title: Path of Destruction (Thunderbirds)

abstract: "Path of Destruction" is the 28th episode of Thunderbirds, a British Supermarionation television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and filmed by their production company AP Films (APF) for ITC Entertainment. Written by Donald Robertson and directed by David Elliott, it was first broadcast on 9 October 1966 on ATV London and Anglia Television as the second episode of Series Two. It had its first UK-wide network broadcast on 24 April 1992 on BBC2. Set in the 2060s, Thunderbirds follows the missions of International Rescue, a secret organisation that uses technologically advanced rescue vehicles to save human life. The lead characters are ex-astronaut Jeff Tracy, founder of International Rescue, and his five adult sons, who pilot the organisation's primary fleet of vehicles: the Thunderbird machines. In "Path of Destruction", a giant tree-felling machine called the Crablogger veers off course after its crew pass out from food poisoning. Lady Penelope tracks down the Crablogger's designer to obtain the emergency shutdown sequence while the Tracys and Brains race to stop the machine before it destroys a dam.

text:
# Path of Destruction (Thunderbirds)

"**Path of Destruction**" is the 28th episode of *Thunderbirds*, a British Supermarionation television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and filmed by their production company AP Films (APF) for ITC Entertainment. Written by Donald Robertson and directed by David Elliott, it was first broadcast on 9 October 1966 on ATV London and Anglia Television as the second episode of Series Two. It had its first UK-wide network broadcast on 24 April 1992 on BBC2.

Set in the 2060s, *Thunderbirds* follows the missions of International Rescue, a secret organisation that uses technologically advanced rescue vehicles to save human life. The lead characters are ex-astronaut Jeff Tracy, founder of International Rescue, and his five adult sons, who pilot the organisation's primary fleet of vehicles: the *Thunderbird* machines. In "Path of Destruction", a giant tree-felling machine called the Crablogger veers off course after its crew pass out from food poisoning. Lady Penelope tracks down the Crablogger's designer to obtain the emergency shutdown sequence while the Tracys and Brains race to stop the machine before it destroys a dam.

## Plot

The Crablogger, a giant logging vehicle powered by liquid fuel and an atomic reactor, has been built for use in the forests of South America. The night before the Crablogger leaves its base camp on its first expedition, project leader Jansen takes the crew out to dinner at Sanchos, a restaurant with extremely poor hygiene. They order a "special" which turns out to be a disgusting stew. The next morning, shortly after the Crablogger begins operations, the crew pass out from food poisoning. With no one at the controls, the machine veers off course towards the village of San Martino and the nearby San Martino Dam. Although the village is safely evacuated, a collision with the dam will cause a nuclear explosion and widespread flooding.

Jansen radios International Rescue for help in stopping the Crablogger. Jeff dispatches Scott, Virgil and Brains in *Thunderbirds 1* and , then contacts Lady Penelope in England and tasks her with obtaining the Crablogger's emergency shutdown sequence from Jim Lucas, the vehicle's designer at Robotics International. As the Crablogger tears through San Martino and moves on to the dam, Penelope and Parker proceed to Robotics International's headquarters in FAB 1 only to find that Lucas has gone home for the night. Overpowering a security guard, they find a personnel file with Lucas' address and drive to his home. Reaching the danger zone, Brains and Virgil transfer to *Thunderbird 2*'s Mobile Crane and intercept the Crablogger. Donning jetpacks and boarding the vehicle, they cut into the cockpit with lasers and have the crew airlifted to hospital.

Breaking into the sleeping Lucas' house, Penelope wakes him at gunpoint and orders him to recite the shutdown sequence into a tape recorder. She then shoots him with tranquiliser to send him back to sleep and relays the information to Brains and Virgil. Brains inputs the sequence, but it will take three minutes for the Crablogger's reactor to power down and the dam is straight ahead. Eventually the vehicle comes to a halt on a crumbling ridge. Scott arrives in a tanker and passes its lines over to Virgil and Brains, who pump out the Crablogger's remaining fuel to avert a large explosion that could threaten the dam. Their job complete, they fly to safety in their jetpacks moments before the ridge collapses and the Crablogger falls to the ground. The vehicle is destroyed but the dam is untouched. Lucas, who thought that his encounter with Penelope was just a dream, is stunned to learn of recent events and wearily takes the Crablogger design back to the drawing board.

## Regular voice cast

## Production

The Crablogger was designed by special effects director Derek Meddings, who contributed on set by operating the props for the vehicle's clawed arms. The rear of the studio model was fitted with cans of compressed air whose contents were slowly released to simulate a dust trail. This threw so many particles into the air that the crew were forced to wear respirators while filming the model. The Crablogger theme is re-use of the Sidewinder theme from "Pit of Peril".

The San Martino Dam was a modified form of a scale model originally built for the *Stingray* episode "In Search of the Tajmanon". The freight lorries in front of the dam were represented by Matchbox die-cast toys.

"Path of Destruction" was the final APF production of director David Elliott, who believed that his friendship with Gerry Anderson had broken down and left the company shortly after completing his work on the episode.

## Reception

Marcus Hearn calls the episode a "classic" as well as "one of the most compelling" *Thunderbirds* instalments, boasting a "heady cocktail of food poisoning, nuclear contamination and flooding". He regards it as superior to "Pit of Peril", which he considers thematically similar. Sylvia Anderson remembered "Path of Destruction" as a "great special effects episode" and the Crablogger concept "marvellous" and "ingenious". The Crablogger has also been well received by Peter Briggs, who praises it both as a vehicle and as a plot device. He believes that with its references to food poisoning, "Path of Destruction" is one of several *Thunderbirds* stories that can be categorised as "weird science".

Rating the episode three out of five, Tom Fox of *Starburst* magazine praises the story's "nicely direct dilemma" and unpredictable resolution, as well as the "marvellously monstrous machines" on display and the scenes of the Crablogger wreaking havoc (which he considers to be the episode's highlight). He is less complimentary of the restaurant sequence, arguing that it promotes negative stereotypes about South Americans.

Mark Braxton writes that the Crablogger itself "strains credibility", arguing that the combination of a nuclear-powered design and obscure shutdown procedure turns it into "a disaster waiting to happen". However, he regards the overall episode as an entertaining "race-against-time" story, asserting that it "would have made a great big-screen outing". He believes the restaurant scenes display the Andersons' skill in devising "comic, even grotesque characters and situations" and counts the rat-infested kitchen – complete with a real mouse scurrying across a table – among the "great triumphs" of series art director Bob Bell. He also praises the "seamless" integration of Penelope and Parker's subplot, adding that their meeting with Lucas results in "one of the show's funniest pay-offs".

Hearn, Anderson and Nicholas J. Cull have all commented on the episode's depiction of nuclear hazards. According to Hearn, "Path of Destruction" is one of several *Thunderbirds* episodes that portray humanity as being "dangerously over-reliant" on atomic power – to such an extent that the fictional world of the series "seems to teeter on the brink of a radioactive nightmare". Cull writes that along with many other APF productions, "Path of Destruction" shows that "nuclear weapons and wider nuclear fears in general" were a major influence on Gerry Anderson's work.

For Ian Fryer, the episode plays on contemporary fears about travel abroad and developments in road transport. He notes that the Crablogger crew fall ill through interacting with a foreign culture and draws parallels between the rampaging machine and the heavy goods vehicles of 1960s Britain, which were being built larger but lacked the infrastructure (namely motorways – then a new addition to the road network) to move from place to place without having to pass through small towns, causing disruption to the residents. He comments that "in a splendid example of \[science fiction's\] magnification of effects", the episode takes the idea of a "commercial vehicle inconveniencing local traffic" and expands it to create the "rather more dramatic scenario of an out-of-control nuclear-powered wood pulp factory about to destroy an entire town."

Noting that International Rescue are unable to prevent the Crablogger's destruction, John Marriott writes that the episode highlights the organisation's "humanity-over-machines" ethos. Stephen Baxter compares the Crablogger to the giant excavators mining for unobtainium in the film *Avatar* (2009).

### Works cited

## InfoBox

| "**Path of Destruction**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Thunderbirds* episode | |
| Episode no. | Series 2<br>Episode 2 |
| Directed by | David Elliott |
| Written by | Donald Robertson |
| Cinematography by | Julien Lugrin |
| Editing by | Harry MacDonald |
| Production code | 28 |
| Original air date | 9 October 1966 (1966-10-09) |
| Guest character voices | |
|  | |
|
|


title: Passion Play (album)

abstract: Passion Play is the tenth album by the American musician Teena Marie, released in 1994. The album was produced by Marie and Doug Grigsby. She had parted company with Epic Records following disappointing sales of her 1990 album Ivory, and Passion Play was released on her own independent label, Sarai. Without the backing of a major label, the album received only limited distribution, sold modestly, and failed to chart. Marie engaged in legal action related to the album's distribution. Passion Play contains guest contributions from Lenny Kravitz and rapper Yo-Yo. It also includes a cover of the Linda Jones song "Hypnotized". "Warm as Momma's Oven" was released as a single. Marie supported the album by touring with the Gap Band and Cameo.

text:
# Passion Play (album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *The Encyclopedia of Popular Music* |  |
| *MusicHound R&B: The Essential Album Guide* |  |
| *Spin Alternative Record Guide* | 7/10 |

***Passion Play*** is the tenth album by the American musician Teena Marie, released in 1994. The album was produced by Marie and Doug Grigsby. She had parted company with Epic Records following disappointing sales of her 1990 album *Ivory*, and *Passion Play* was released on her own independent label, Sarai. Without the backing of a major label, the album received only limited distribution, sold modestly, and failed to chart. Marie engaged in legal action related to the album's distribution.

*Passion Play* contains guest contributions from Lenny Kravitz ("Main Squeeze") and rapper Yo-Yo ("Sweet on You"). It also includes a cover of the Linda Jones song "Hypnotized". "Warm as Momma's Oven" was released as a single. Marie supported the album by touring with the Gap Band and Cameo.

## Track listing

All songs written by Teena Marie, except where noted.

1. "Warm as Momma's Oven" (Marie, Doug Grigsby)
2. "Main Squeeze" (featuring Lenny Kravitz) (Marie, Grigsby)
3. "Wild Horses"
4. "Smooth Tip" (featuring Lady Levi)
5. "Hypnotized (Prelude)"
6. "Hypnotized" (Poindexter, Spolan)
7. "Parking Music"
8. "Sweet on You" (featuring Yo-Yo) (Marie, Grigsby, Slikk)
9. "Slow Grind" (Marie, Grigsby)
10. "Climb the Walls"
11. "Breakfast in Bed" (Marie, Grigsby)
12. "Passion Play" (Marie, Grigsby)
13. "Pretty Man"
14. "The Air I Breathe"

## InfoBox

| Passion Play | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Teena Marie | |
| Released | 1994 |
| Genre | R&B, blue-eyed soul |
| Label | Sarai |
| Producer | Teena Marie, Doug Grigsby |
| Teena Marie chronology | |
| *Ivory*
(1990) ***Passion Play***
(1994) *La Doña*
(2004) | |


title: Winchester, Mississippi

abstract: Winchester is a ghost town in Wayne County, Mississippi, United States. Once a center of political influence and county seat, the former settlement is today covered by forest.

text:
# Winchester, Mississippi

**Winchester** is a ghost town in Wayne County, Mississippi, United States.

Once a center of political influence and county seat, the former settlement is today covered by forest.

## History

Winchester was one of the first significant communities in eastern Mississippi. It was located about 1 mi (1.6 km) east of the Chickasawhay River, and south of "Three-Chopped Way", a pioneer road completed in 1807 connecting Georgia and the Carolinas, via St. Stephens, Alabama, with Natchez in eastern Mississippi.

The town "was situated on a beautiful level site, covered with large oak and other shade trees", and Meadows Mill Creek flowed through Winchester, "a beautiful and never-failing creek of the purest water".

A military postPatton's Fortwas erected at Winchester in 1813 during the Creek War.

Winchester became "a place of considerable importance in the territorial period and in the days of early statehood", and was Wayne County's first county seat. Incorporated in 1818, Winchester flourished and in 1822 a court house was built "of pine lumber of the best quality". A jail was built in the 1840s, with walls "three feet thick of heavy hewed pine".

Winchester was described as "a center of political influence, second only to Natchez". It had between 20 and 30 businesses, and became a successful commercial center, "having no competing trading points near".

## Decline

In the early 1840s, a writer noted that Winchester "is literally tumbling to pieces, and one finds only a skeleton of the flourishing Winchester which existed twenty years ago".

When the Mobile and Ohio Railroad was completed in the 1850s, the track passed a distance north of the town, and a station was erected there. This necessitated a distinction between "Old Winchester" and the new settlement near the railroad.

In 1867, the county seat moved to Waynesboro.

A writer noted in 1902 that the courthouse in Old Winchester "was still standing a few years ago, 'solitary and alone' and unoccupied. Except that building, not a vestige of the town remains to be seen." Meanwhile, New Winchester had developed, and by 1907 had a population of 300, and contained a school, stores, two churches, a grist mill, two saw mills, a cotton gin and a turpentine distillery.

Some reasons offered for the decline of Old Winchester include "want of hotel accommodations". Another may have been the 1830 Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek which forced the removal of the Choctaw people from Mississippi and opened up large areas to the north which drew off the populations of Wayne and Lawrence Counties. Still another reason may have been offered by a writer in 1894 who stated about Winchester:

> There was no church in the town until forty years after it was settled. After it lost its trade and importance as a town: after other towns were established in the county: after the railroad came through the county in 1854, then the people paid some attention to the building of a church. It appears that the morals of the people who lived in the town were averse to churches... liquor was sold openly on the Sabbath and \[there was\] much drunkenness on that day.

Old Winchester today is covered by forest, while New Winchester has some residential homes located along its rural routes. A historic marker is located along U.S. Route 45 at Winchester Cross Road which reads: "About one mile to the West. Site of Patton’s Fort, 1813. Chartered 1818. Near old road from Natchez to Georgia. Became a thriving trade center, serving as county seat until 1867."

## Notable people

* Powhatan Ellis, U.S. Senator from Mississippi and U.S. federal judge; moved to Winchester in 1816 to practice law.
* James A. Horne, Secretary of State of Mississippi from 1852 to 1854.
* John J. McRae, member of Mississippi House of Representatives, U.S. Senator from Mississippi, and 21st Governor of Mississippi. Located to Winchester as an infant.
* James O'Gwynn, country music singer.
* James Patton, Lieutenant-Governor of Mississippi from 1820 to 1822.

## InfoBox

| Winchester | |
| --- | --- |
| Ghost town | |
| Winchester | |
| Coordinates: 31°37′04″N 88°35′26″W / 31.61778°N 88.59056°W / 31.61778; -88.59056 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Mississippi |
| County | Wayne |
| Elevation | 164 ft (50 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| GNIS feature ID | 679779 |


title: Phillips Gybbon

abstract: Phillips Gybbon, of Hole Park, Rolvenden, in Kent, was an English Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1707 and 1762. Gybbon was the son of Robert Gybbon of Hole Park, and his wife Elizabeth Phillips, daughter of John Phillips of St. Clement Danes. He travelled abroad in Holland and Germany and entered Middle Temple in 1694. He succeeded his father in 1719. Gybbon entered Parliament in 1707 as Whig Member of Parliament for Rye, and represented the constituency until his death 55 years later, eventually becoming Father of the House of Commons from 1749. Early in his career he was appointed a Commissioner of Revenue in Ireland, and in the 1720s was Chairman of the Committee of Privileges and Elections. From 1726 to 1730, he was Surveyor-General of Land Revenues. For the next few years he was in opposition, supporting Pulteney against Robert Walpole's administration. On Walpole's fall in 1742, Gybbon was appointed a Lord of the Treasury in Wilmington's government, retaining the post after Henry Pelham replaced Wilmington in 1743 but losing office in the reshuffle after Carteret was sacked at the end of 1744. He died in 1762, having married Catherine, the daughter of Honor Bier, with whom he had an only daughter. She left Hole Park to a Mrs Jefferson who was married to a John Beardsworth.

text:
# Phillips Gybbon

**Phillips Gybbon** (11 October 1678 – 12 March 1762), of Hole Park, Rolvenden, in Kent, was an English Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons between 1707 and 1762.

Gybbon was the son of Robert Gybbon of Hole Park, and his wife Elizabeth Phillips, daughter of John Phillips of St. Clement Danes. He travelled abroad in Holland and Germany and entered Middle Temple in 1694. He succeeded his father in 1719.

Gybbon entered Parliament in 1707 as Whig Member of Parliament for Rye, and represented the constituency until his death 55 years later, eventually becoming Father of the House of Commons from 1749. Early in his career he was appointed a Commissioner of Revenue in Ireland, and in the 1720s was Chairman of the Committee of Privileges and Elections. From 1726 to 1730, he was Surveyor-General of Land Revenues. For the next few years he was in opposition, supporting Pulteney against Robert Walpole's administration. On Walpole's fall in 1742, Gybbon was appointed a Lord of the Treasury in Wilmington's government, retaining the post after Henry Pelham replaced Wilmington in 1743 but losing office in the reshuffle after Carteret was sacked at the end of 1744.

He died in 1762, having married Catherine, the daughter of Honor Bier, with whom he had an only daughter. She left Hole Park to a Mrs Jefferson who was married to a John Beardsworth.


title: Minnesota Senate, District 67

abstract: Minnesota Senate, District 67, encompasses portions of Ramsey County. It has formerly included Kittson, Marshall, Roseau, Pennington, and Dakota counties. The district is currently served by Democratic-Farmer-Labor Senator Foung Hawj.

text:
# Minnesota Senate, District 67

**Minnesota Senate, District 67**, encompasses portions of Ramsey County. It has formerly included Kittson, Marshall, Roseau, Pennington, and Dakota counties. The district is currently served by Democratic-Farmer-Labor Senator Foung Hawj.

## List of senators

## Recent elections

### 2016

The candidate filing deadline was May 31, 2016. The primary election took place on August 9, 2016; both incumbent Foung Hawj and Krysia Weidell ran unopposed. The general election was held on November 8, 2016, resulting in Hwaj's victory.

Minnesota State Senate election, 2008
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic (DFL)** | **Foung Hawj** | **21,696** | **75.37** |
|  | Republican | Krysia Weidell | 7,091 | 24.63 |
| Total votes | | | **28,787** | **100.0** |
|  | **hold** | | | |

### 2012

Elections for the Minnesota State Senate occurred after state-wide redistricting from 2010. The signature-filing deadline for candidates wishing to run in this election was June 5, 2012. Foung Hawj defeated Tom Dimon and Robert Humphrey in the Democratic primary, and defeated Mike Capistrant in the general election.

Minnesota State Senate election, 2008
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Democratic (DFL)** | **Foung Hawj** | **21,630** | **72.8** |
|  | Republican | Mike Capistrant | 8,094 | 27.2 |
| Total votes | | | **29,724** | **100.0** |
|  | **hold** | | | |

## InfoBox

| Minnesota's 67th
State Senate district | |
| --- | --- |
| --- | |
| Senator | Foung Hawj
DFLSaint Paul  since January 8, 2013 |
| Demographics | 44.4% White
22.1% Black
11.1% Hispanic
33.7% Asian
2.1% Native American
0.1% Hawaiian/Pacific Islander
4.6% Other |
| Population (2020)
Voting age | 88,060
52,435 |


title: Peter Schivarelli

abstract: Peter Schivarelli is the manager of the rock band Chicago. He was previously Chicago chief of snow command, former sanitation superintendent of Chicago's 43rd ward, and former owner of Demon Dogs, a popular hot dog stand in Lincoln Park, Chicago. He was also a manager of B'Ginnings, a music venue opened by Chicago's drummer Danny Seraphine in Schaumburg, Illinois, in 1974

text:
# Peter Schivarelli

**Peter Schivarelli** (born 1945 in Chicago) is the manager of the rock band Chicago. He was previously Chicago chief of snow command, former sanitation superintendent of Chicago's 43rd ward, and former owner of Demon Dogs, a popular hot dog stand in Lincoln Park, Chicago. He was also a manager of B'Ginnings, a music venue opened by Chicago's drummer Danny Seraphine in Schaumburg, Illinois, in 1974

## Personal life

Schivarelli was born in Chicago. He attended St. Ignatius College Prep high school and The University of Notre Dame, where he was also a football player from 1969–70. his jersey number was 68.

In the 1970s Schivarelli had owned a half share of the Francis J. Dewes House.

## Philanthropy and public service

In 1982, it was noted that while the city of Chicago had purchased snow-removal vehicles, every ward superintendent except Schivarelli was using the vehicles for personal use. Schivarelli had stated that he drove his own car and had used the vehicle to keep open access routes to hospitals in the 43rd ward.

Schivarelli has been a supporter of the Ara Parseghian Medical Research Foundation, the Hannah & Friends charity and he founded a residential community for people with special needs and disabilities. He has received an award from the Lincoln Park conservation association during his tenure as superintendent of the 43rd ward.

In 2015, Schivarelli and Chicago auctioned a sculpture to benefit families of fallen Chicago Police officers.

## Lawsuits

Schivarelli sued CBS, WBBM-TV, and Pam Zekman for "...defamation, false light invasion of privacy, commercial misappropriation, and commercial disparagement" over an ad campaign that was aired on WBBM in the 1990s that referenced a news report depicting Schivarelli conducting personal business while employed by the City of Chicago. Schivarelli retired from the position in 1998. In 2005, he sued the Chicago Transit Authority over the lease for the space to his restaurant, Demon Dogs.


title: Nicole Rieu

abstract: Nicole Rieu is a French singer, best known outside France for her participation in the 1975 Eurovision Song Contest. Rieu signed her first record contract with AZ Records in 1969. In 1973 she was spotted by the larger Barclay label, where she was offered a deal, and scored a hit with her first release "Je suis". In 1975, Rieu was chosen internally by channel TF1 as the French representative for the 20th Eurovision Song Contest with the Pierre Delanoë-penned song "Et bonjour à toi l'artiste". The contest was held on 22 March in Stockholm, and Rieu finished in fourth place of 19 entrants. An English language version of the song with the title "Live for Love" and with lyrics by Lynsey de Paul was also released that was covered by Ben Thomas and released as a single later that year. Rieu followed her Eurovision appearance with further successful singles such as "Je m'envole" and "En courant" in 1976, "L'immigrant" (1977) and "La goutte d'eau" (1979). She took a career break of several years in the 1980s in order to concentrate on raising her son, since when she has continued to tour and release albums at sporadic intervals.

text:
# Nicole Rieu

**Nicole Rieu** (born 16 May 1949) is a French singer, best known outside France for her participation in the 1975 Eurovision Song Contest.

Rieu signed her first record contract with AZ Records in 1969. In 1973 she was spotted by the larger Barclay label, where she was offered a deal, and scored a hit with her first release "Je suis". In 1975, Rieu was chosen internally by channel TF1 as the French representative for the 20th Eurovision Song Contest with the Pierre Delanoë-penned song "Et bonjour à toi l'artiste". The contest was held on 22 March in Stockholm, and Rieu finished in fourth place of 19 entrants.

An English language version of the song with the title "Live for Love" and with lyrics by Lynsey de Paul was also released that was covered by Ben Thomas and released as a single later that year.

Rieu followed her Eurovision appearance with further successful singles such as "Je m'envole" and "En courant" (a French-language version of Diana Ross' "Theme from Mahogany") in 1976, "L'immigrant" (1977) and "La goutte d'eau" (1979). She took a career break of several years in the 1980s in order to concentrate on raising her son, since when she has continued to tour and release albums at sporadic intervals.

## InfoBox

| Nicole Rieu | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1949-05-16) 16 May 1949 |
| Origin | Chaumont, Haute-Marne, France |
| Genres | Pop |
| Occupation | Singer |
|  | |
| Website | Nicole Rieu |


abstract: Hunter was a former station on the Hunter Branch of the Ulster and Delaware Railroad (U&D) and was the busiest station on the branch lines of the U&D. Within several yards of the station were the Standard Oil Co. and the Otto Gordon Coal Co. The village of Hunter, which the station serviced, was also home to several popular resorts. The station was built in 1882, and was the last station to be built by the narrow-gauge Stony Clove & Catskill Mountain Railroad. The U&D incorporated the smaller railroad in 1899. The station was expanded in 1900. The U&D was taken over by the New York Central Railroad in 1932, and Hunter station was one of only two stations on the branch lines. However, the branch lines of the U&D were abandoned in 1939, and scrapped in 1940. The station is now a private dwelling and the freight house is a tool shed.

text:
# Hunter station (New York Central Railroad)

**Hunter** was a former station on the Hunter Branch of the Ulster and Delaware Railroad (U&D) and was the busiest station on the branch lines of the U&D. Within several yards of the station were the Standard Oil Co. and the Otto Gordon Coal Co. The village of Hunter, which the station serviced, was also home to several popular resorts.

The station was built in 1882, and was the last station to be built by the narrow-gauge Stony Clove & Catskill Mountain Railroad. The U&D incorporated the smaller railroad in 1899. The station was expanded in 1900.

The U&D was taken over by the New York Central Railroad in 1932, and Hunter station was one of only two stations on the branch lines. However, the branch lines of the U&D were abandoned in 1939, and scrapped in 1940.

The station is now a private dwelling and the freight house is a tool shed.

## Bibliography

* Interstate Commerce Commission (1940). *Decisions of the Interstate Commerce Commission of the United States (Finance Reports)*. Washington D.C.: Government Printing Office. Retrieved May 6, 2021.
* National Railroad Adjustment Board (1941). *Awards 1451 to 1550 Interpretations Third Division*. La Grange, Illinois: Suburban Printers and Publishers Inc. Retrieved March 1, 2020.
* Poor, Henry Varnum (1886). *Poor's Manual of Railroads*. New York, New York: H.V. & H.W. Poor. Retrieved February 25, 2021.

## InfoBox

| Hunter | |
| --- | --- |
| A postcard of the former Hunter station | |
| General information | |
| Location | Hunter, Greene County. New York |
| Tracks | 1 |
| History | |
| Opened | June 24, 1882 |
| Closed | January 22, 1940 |
| Key dates | |
| February 21, 1940 | Station agent eliminated |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station New York Central Railroad Following station  *Terminus*  Hunter Branch  Kaaterskill JunctionTerminus | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Uncle Nearest Premium Whiskey

abstract: Uncle Nearest Premium Whiskey is a brand of Tennessee whiskey produced by Uncle Nearest, Inc., headquartered in Shelbyville, Tennessee, United States. The whiskey is named after the formerly enslaved man, Nathan "Nearest" Green, who taught a young Jack Daniel the craft of distilling. As of 2023, eight brand variants have been produced. According to the IWSR, Uncle Nearest is the fastest-growing whiskey brand in the United States, and is recognized as the most successful Black-owned distillery in the world. Uncle Nearest was named one of the 100 Reasons to Love America by People magazine in 2021, and one of Inc.'s 5000 fastest-growing US companies from 2019 to 2022.

text:
# Uncle Nearest Premium Whiskey

**Uncle Nearest Premium Whiskey** is a brand of Tennessee whiskey produced by **Uncle Nearest, Inc.**, headquartered in Shelbyville, Tennessee, United States. The whiskey is named after the formerly enslaved man, Nathan "Nearest" Green, who taught a young Jack Daniel the craft of distilling.

As of 2023, eight brand variants have been produced. According to the IWSR, Uncle Nearest is the fastest-growing whiskey brand in the United States, and is recognized as the most successful Black-owned distillery in the world.

Uncle Nearest was named one of the 100 Reasons to Love America by People magazine in 2021, and one of Inc.'s 5000 fastest-growing US companies from 2019 to 2022.

## History

Uncle Nearest, Inc., launched the Uncle Nearest Premium Whiskey brand in July 2017 and subsequently announced plans to expand into domestic and international markets, debuting its first whiskey, Nathan Green 1870 Single Barrel, in October 2018. It is the first spirit named after an African-American. As of September 2019, it is sold in all 50 states and twelve countries, and reached $100 million in sales in October 2022.

In 2019, Uncle Nearest announced Victoria Eady Butler, a descendant of Nathan Green, as master blender, becoming the first known African-American female whiskey master blender. She was named Master Blender of the Year by *Whisky Magazine, VinePair*, and *The Spirits Business* in 2021, and became *Whisky'*s first back-to-back winner in 2022.

In June 2020, the Nearest Green Foundation (co-founded by Fawn and Keith Weaver) and the Jack Daniel Distillery announced the Nearest & Jack Advancement Initiative. Each company contributed $2.5 million to create the Nearest Green School of Distilling at Motlow State Community College, which includes the Leadership Acceleration Program for apprenticeships, and the Business Incubation Program, which provides expertise and resources to African-Americans entering the spirits industry.

On June 1, 2021, Uncle Nearest formed the Uncle Nearest Venture Fund, a $50 million initiative to invest in minority-founded and owned spirits brands. The company announced the Uncle Nearest HBCU Old Fashioned Challenge in January 2023 to raise $1 million for HBCU's.

In October 2023, Uncle Nearest announced the acquisition of Domaine Saint Martin, a 100-acre estate and vineyard in the Grande Champagne district of Cognac.

### Nathan "Nearest" Green

Known as Uncle Nearest, Nathan "Nearest" Green was acknowledged in 2016 as the first African-American master distiller on record in the United States. He taught Jack Daniel to make Tennessee whiskey and served as the first master distiller – formerly called "head stiller" – for the Jack Daniel Distillery as a free man after the Civil War. He was instrumental in developing the Lincoln County Process, the sugar maple charcoal filtering method used to make most Tennessee Whiskey.

## Nearest Green Distillery

In 2017, a rezoning proposal was approved by the Bedford County board to accommodate a whiskey-themed business at the former Sand Creek Farms in Shelbyville, Tennessee. On September 14, 2019, the first phase of the Nearest Green Distillery opened, which included the Welcome House, a bottling house, a working horse and cattle farm, and the Toppy's Copper Skies Bar. It was the first distillery in the United States named after a Black person.

After a year-long closure due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the distillery re-opened its doors on Juneteenth 2021, adding a single-barrel rickhouse, an improved Welcome Center and Family Tasting Room, a restaurant, a non-alcoholic speakeasy, and the Master Blender House. That month, the distillery purchased an additional 53 acres for further expansion, and announced plans to dedicate 100 acres to grow organic corn for its blends.

On March 23, 2023, the distillery opened Humble Baron, a 202-seat entertainment venue featuring a 518-foot long horseshoe bar (designed by Death & Co.), named the longest in the world by the Guinness World Records. The distillery's second phase will complete with the future opening of the Still House.

The company announced the purchase of an additional 109 acres in Shelbyville in May 2023.

## Whiskeys

The recipe behind the Uncle Nearest Tennessee whiskeys dates back to the whiskeys made in the late 1800s in Lincoln County. According to Weaver, "\[the recipe\] was saved from a fire just behind the square in Lynchburg, and is now under lock and key at the Farmers Bank in Lynchburg, the bank Jack Daniel founded in 1888." The recipe includes corn malt, a former whiskey ingredient long missing from Tennessee whiskeys.

The Uncle Nearest brand originally included a silver and an aged whiskey, both distilled from locally sourced grains and bottled in Tennessee. The silver whiskey takes 25 days to make, using an 11-step process that includes a triple charcoal mellowing system designed for the brand. The company added a single-barrel whiskey in July 2018.

The brand's first three releases are named after the year Nearest was born (1820), the year he was credited with perfecting the Lincoln County Process (1856), and the year he retired (1884).

As of 2023, five additional variants have been produced; 1870 Single Barrel (UK), Master Blend Edition, and three rye whiskeys: Straight Rye Whisky, Uncut/Unfiltered Straight Rye Whiskey and Single Barrel Rye.

## Awards and ratings

| Uncle Nearest 1856 Premium Aged Whiskey | New York World Wine & Spirits Competition | 2021 Best in Class - Best Tennessee Whiskey 2023 - Double Gold |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 2022 Chinese Wine & Spirit Competition | CWSA Whiskey of the Year |
| | 2023 L.A. Spirits Awards | Best Tennessee Whiskey |
| | 2024 World Whiskey Awards | Best Tennessee Whiskey |
| Uncle Nearest 1820 Nearest Green Single Barrel Edition | San Francisco World Spirits Competition | Double Gold - 2020, 2021, 2022 |
| | 2023 International Whisky Competition | Best Tennessee Whiskey |
| Uncle Nearest 1884 Premium Small Batch Whiskey | Ascot Awards | Best American Whiskey - 2021, 2023 |
| | American Whiskey Masters | Gold Medal - 2022, 2023 |
| | 2023 Chinese Wine & Spirits Awards | CWSA Whiskey of the Year |
| Uncle Nearest Master Blend Edition | 2022 International Whisky Competition | 1st Place, Tennessee Whiskey |
| | 2022 Great American International Spirits Competition | Best in Show, Bourbon |
| | 2023 TAG Global Spirits Awards | Best in Show, Tennessee Whiskey |
| Uncle Nearest Single Barrel Rye Whiskey | 2023 San Francisco World Spirits Competition | Double Gold |
| | 2023 International Whisky Competition | Best Rye Whiskey |
| Uncle Nearest Uncut & Unfiltered Rye Whiskey | 2023 Whiskies of the World Awards | Gold |
| Uncle Nearest Straight Rye Whiskey | 2023 San Francisco World Spirits Competition | Gold |

## InfoBox

Uncle Nearest Premium Whiskey
|
|  |
| Company type | private |
| Founded | July 2017 (Lynchburg, Tennessee) |
| Founder | Fawn Weaver <br>Keith Weaver |
| Headquarters | Shelbyville, Tennessee, US |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Key people |  |


abstract: The Ministry of Special Assistance is a ministry of the Government of Maharashtra. It is responsible for welfare, social justice and empowerment of disadvantaged and marginalized sections of society. The Ministry is headed by a cabinet level minister. Hasan Mushrif is current Minister of Special Assistance.

text:
# Ministry of Special Assistance (Maharashtra)

The **Ministry of Special Assistance**  is a ministry of the Government of Maharashtra. It is responsible for welfare, social justice and empowerment of disadvantaged and marginalized sections of society.

The Ministry is headed by a cabinet level minister. **Hasan Mushrif** is current Minister of Special Assistance.

## Head office

| Minister of Special Assistance
**विशेष सहाय्य मंत्री** | |
| --- | --- |
| Emblem of India | |
| Flag of India | |
| Incumbent
Hasan Mushrif
since 14 July 2023 | |
| Ministry of Special Assistance (Maharashtra) | |
| Style | The Honourable |
| Abbreviation | Cabinet Minister |
| Member of | State Cabinet |
| Reports to | Chief Minister,
Maharashtra Legislature |
| Seat | Mantralaya, Mumbai |
| Appointer | **Governor** On The Advice Of The **Chief Minister** |
| Term length | 5 years |
| Precursor | **Eknath Shinde**
Chief Minister (2022-2023) |
| Inaugural holder | **Niramala Raje Bhosale**
(1960-1962) |
| Formation | 1 May 1960 |
| Deputy | * **Vacant, TBD**  since 29 June 2022 |

## Cabinet Ministers

| No. | Portrait | | Minister
(Constituency) | Term of office | | | Political party | Ministry | Chief Minister |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | From | | To | Period || | |
| Minister of Special Assistance | | | | | | | | | |
| 01 |  |  | **Balasaheb Shivram Bharde**
(MLA for Ahmednagar South Constituency No. 224\-
Ahmednagar District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 01 May
1960 | 07 March
1962 | 1 year, 310 days | Indian National Congress | **Yashwantrao I** |
Yashwantrao Chavan |
| 02 |  |  | **Niramala Raje Bhosale**
(MLA for Satara Constituency No. 268\-
Satara District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 08 March
1962 | 19 November
1962 | 256 days | Indian National Congress | | **Yashwantrao II** |
| 03 |  |  | **Madhukar Dhanaji Chaudhari**
(MLA for Raver Constituency No. 11\-
Jalgaon District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 20 November
1962 | 24 November
1963 | 1 year, 4 days | Indian National Congress | **Kannamwar l** | Marotrao Kannamwar |
| 04 |  |  | **P. K. Sawant**
(MLA for Chiplun Constituency No. 265\-
Ratnagiri District)
***(Legislative Assembly)***
(Interim Chief Minister) | 25 November
1962 | 04 December
1963 | 9 days | Indian National Congress | **Sawant I** | P. K. Sawant |
| 05 |  |  | **Narendra Mahipati Tidke**
(MLA for Savner Constituency No. 49\-
Nagpur District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 05 December
1963 | 01 March
1967 | 3 years, 86 days | Indian National Congress | **Vasantrao I** |
Vasantrao Naik |
| 06 |  |  | **Pratibha Patil**
(MLA for Jalgaon City Constituency No. 13\-
Jalgaon District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 01 March
1967 | 09 September
1969 | 2 years, 192 days | Indian National Congress | | **Vasantrao II** |
| 07 |  |  | **D. S. Palaspagar**
(MLC for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 19 -
Bhandara District)
***(Legislative Council)*** | 09 September
1969 | 13 March
1972 | 2 years, 186 days | | | Indian National Congress |
| 08 |  |  | **M. B. Popat**
(MLA for Dhobitalao Constituency No. 160\-
Mumbai City District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 13 March
1972 | 04 April
1973 | 1 year, 32 days | Indian National Congress | | **Vasantrao III** |
| 09 |  |  | **Narendra Mahipati Tidke**
(MLA for Savner Constituency No. 49\-
Nagpur District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 04 April
1973 | 17 Match
1974 | 347 days | | | Indian National Congress |
| 10 |  |  | **Vasantdada Patil**
(MLA for Sangli Constituency No. 282\-
Sangli District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 17 Match
1974 | 21 February
1975 | 341 days | | | Indian National Congress |
| 11 |  |  | **Pratibha Patil**
(MLA for Jalgaon City Constituency No. 13\-
Jalgaon District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 21 February
1975 | 16 April
1977 | 2 years, 54 days | Indian National Congress | **Shankarrao I** |
Shankarrao Chavan |
| 12 |  |  | **Yashwantrao Mohite**
(MLA for Karad South Constituency No. 260\-
Satara District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 17 April
1977 | 07 March
1978 | 1 year, 324 days | Indian National Congress | **Vasantdada I** |
Vasantdada Patil |
| 13 |  |  | **Prabha Rau**
(MLA for Pulgaon Constituency No. 41\-
Wardha District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 07 March
1978 | 18 July
1978 | 133 days | Indian National Congress (Indira) | | **Vasantdada II** |
| 14 |  |  | **Uttamrao Patil**
(MLC for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 19 -
Jalgaon District)
***(Legislative Council)*** | 18 July
1978 | 17 February
1980 | 1 year, 214 days | Janata Party | **Pawar I** |
Sharad Pawar |
| 15 |  |  | **Narendra Mahipati Tidke**
(MLA for Savner Constituency No. 49\-
Nagpur District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 09 June
1980 | 09 March
1981 | 273 days | Indian National Congress | **Antulay** |
Abdul Rahman Antulay |
| 16 |  |  | **Nanabhau Yembadwar**
(MLC for Bhandara - Gondia Local Authorities Constituency No. 14 -
Gondia District)
***(Legislative Council)*** | 09 March
1981 | 21 January
1982 | 318 days | | | Indian National Congress |
| 17 |  |  | **Shivajirao Patil Nilangekar**
(MLA for Nilanga Constituency No. 238\-
Latur District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 21 January
1982 | 02 February
1983 | 1 year, 12 days | Indian National Congress | **Bhosale** |
Babasaheb Bhosale |
| 18 |  |  | **Narendra Marutrao Kamble**
(MLC for Elected by Governor Nominated No. 10 -
Mumbai City District)
***(Legislative Council)*** | 07 February
1983 | 05 March
1985 | 2 years, 26 days | Indian National Congress | **Vasantdada III** |
Vasantdada Patil |
| 19 |  |  | **Jawaharlal Darda**
(MLC for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 19 -
Yavatmal District)
***(Legislative Council)*** | 12 March
1985 | 03 June
1985 | 83 days | Indian National Congress | | **Vasantdada IV** |
| 20 |  |  | **Balachandra Bhai Sawant**
(MLC for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 09 -
Ratnagiri District)
***(Legislative Council)*** | 03 June
1985 | 12 March
1986 | 282 days | Indian National Congress | **Nilangekar** | Shivajirao Patil Nilangekar |
| 21 |  |  | **Shankarrao Chavan**
(MLC for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 08 -
Nanded District)
***(Legislative Council)***
(Chief Minister) | 12 March
1986 | 26 June
1988 | 2 years, 106 days | Indian National Congress | **Shankarrao II** |
Shankarrao Chavan |
| 22 |  |  | **Narendra Marutrao Kamble**
(MLC for Elected by Governor Nominated No. 10 -
Mumbai City District)
***(Legislative Council)*** | 26 June
1988 | 03 March
1990 | 1 year, 250 days | Indian National Congress | **Pawar II** |
Sharad Pawar |
| 23 |  |  | **Javed Iqbal Khan**
(MLA for Trombay Constituency No. 177\-
Mumbai Suburban District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 04 March
1990 | 25 June
1991 | 1 year, 113 days | Indian National Congress | **Pawar III** |
| 24 |  |  | **Sushilkumar Shinde**
(MLA for Solapur City Central Constituency No. 249\-
Solapur District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 25 June
1991 | 22 February
1993 | 1 year, 242 days | Indian National Congress | **Sudhakarrao** | Sudhakarrao Naik |
| 25 |  |  | **Ramrao Adik**
(MLC for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 05 -
Ahmednagar District)
***(Legislative Council)*** | 06 March
1993 | 14 March
1995 | 2 years, 8 days | Indian National Congress | **Pawar IV** |
Sharad Pawar |
| 26 |  |  | **Manohar Joshi**
(MLA for Dadar Constituency No. 181\-
Mumbai City District)
***(Legislative Assembly)***
(Chief Minister) | 14 March
1995 | 19 October
1997 | 2 years, 219 days | Shiv Sena | **Joshi** |
Manohar Joshi |
| 27 |  |  | **Pramod Navalkar**
(MLC for Mumbai Graduates Constituency No. 06 -
Mumbai City District)
***(Legislative Council)*** | 19 October
1997 | 01 February
1999 | 1 year, 105 days | | | Shiv Sena |
| 28 |  |  | **Sureshdada Jain**
(MLA for Jalgaon City Constituency No. 13\-
Jalgaon District
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 01 February
1999 | 11 May
1999 | 99 days | Shiv Sena | **Rane** |
Narayan Rane |
| 29 |  |  | **Haribhau Bagade**
(MLA for Aurangabad East Constituency No. 109\-
Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar District Also Previously Known Aurangabad District
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 11 May
1999 | 17 October
1999 | 159 days | | | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 30 |  |  | **Chhagan Bhujbal**
(MLC for Elected by MLAs Constituency No. 09 -
Mumbai City District)
***(Legislative Council)***
(Deputy Chief Minister) | 19 October
1999 | 03 May
2001 | 1 year, 194 days | Nationalist Congress Party | **Deshmukh I** |
Vilasrao Deshmukh |
| 31 |  |  | **Madhukarrao Pichad**
(MLA for Akole Constituency No. 213\-
Ahmednagar District
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 03 May
2001 | 16 January
2003 | 1 year, 257 days | | | Nationalist Congress Party |
| 32 |  |  | **Vijaysinh Mohite–Patil**
(MLA for Malshiras Constituency No. 254\-
Solapur District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 18 January
2003 | 23 December
2003 | 346 days | Nationalist Congress Party | **Sushilkumar** |
Sushilkumar Shinde |
| 33 |  |  | **Vijaysinh Mohite–Patil**
(MLA for Malshiras Constituency No. 254\-
Solapur District)
***(Legislative Assembly)***
(Deputy Chief Minister) | 23 December
2003 | 01 November
2004 | 314 days | | | Nationalist Congress Party |
| 32 |  |  | **R. R. Patil**
(MLA for Tasgaon-Kavathe Mahankal Constituency No. 287\-
Sangli District)
***(Legislative Assembly)***
(Deputy Chief Minister) | 01 November
2004 | 09 November
2004 | 8 days | Nationalist Congress Party | **Deshmukh II** |
Vilasrao Deshmukh |
| 33 |  |  | **Jayant Patil**
(MLA for Walva Constituency No. 283\-
Sangli District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 09 November
2004 | 01 December
2008 | 4 years, 22 days | | | Nationalist Congress Party |
| 34 |  |  | **Nawab Malik**
(MLA for Anushakti Nagar Constituency No. 172\-
Mumbai Suburban District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 08 December
2008 | 06 November
2009 | 333 days | Nationalist Congress Party | **Ashok I** |
Ashok Chavan |
| 35 |  |  | **Chhagan Bhujbal**
(MLA for Yevla Constituency No. 119\-
Nashik District)
***(Legislative Assembly)***
(Deputy Chief Minister) | 07 November
2009 | 10 November
2010 | 1 year, 3 days | Nationalist Congress Party | | **Ashok II** |
| 36 |  |  | **Patangrao Kadam**
(MLA for Palus-Kadegaon Constituency No. 285\-
Sangli District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 11 November
2010 | 26 September
2014 | 3 years, 319 days | Indian National Congress | **Prithviraj** |
Prithviraj Chavan |
| 37 |  |  | **Vishnu Savara**
(MLA for Vikramgad Constituency No. 129\-
Palghar District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 31 October
2014 | 05 December
2014 | 35 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | **Fadnavis I** |
Devendra Fadnavis |
| 38 |  |  | **Rajkumar Badole**
(MLA for Arjuni-Morgaon Constituency No. 63\-
Gondiya District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 05 December
2014 | 16 June
2019 | 4 years, 193 days | | | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 39 |  |  | **Suresh Khade**
(MLA for Miraj) Constituency No. 281\-
Sangli District
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 16 June
2019 | 12 November
2019 | 149 days | | | Bharatiya Janata Party |
| 40 |  |  | **Devendra Fadnavis**
(MLA for Nagpur South West Constituency No. 52\-
Nagpur District)
***(Legislative Assembly)***
(Chief Minister)
*(In Charge)* | 23 November
2019 | 28 November
2019 | 5 days | Bharatiya Janata Party | | **Fadnavis II** |
| 41 |  |  | **Chhagan Bhujbal**
(MLA for Yevla Constituency No. 119\-
Nashik District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 28 November
2019 | 30 December
2019 | 32 days | Nationalist Congress Party | **Thackeray** |
Uddhav Thackeray |
| 42 |  |  | **Dhananjay Munde**
(MLA for Parli Constituency No. 233\-
Beed District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 30 December
2019 | 29 June
2022 | 2 years, 181 days | | | Nationalist Congress Party |
| 43 |  |  | **Eknath Shinde**
(MLA for Kopri-Pachpakhadi Constituency No. 147\-
Thane District)
***(Legislative Assembly)***
(Chief Minister)
*(In Charge)* | 30 June
2022 | 14 August
2022 | 45 days | Shiv Sena (Shinde Group) | **Eknath** |
Eknath Shinde |
| 44 |  |  | **Eknath Shinde**
(MLA for Kopri-Pachpakhadi Constituency No. 147\-
Thane District)
***(Legislative Assembly)***
(Chief Minister)
 | 14 August
2022 | 14 July
2023 | 334 days | | | Shiv Sena (Shinde Group) |
| 45 |  |  | **Hasan Mushrif**
(MLA for Kagal Constituency No. 273\-
Kolhapur District)
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 14 July
2023 | *Incumbent* | 1 year, 87 days | | | Nationalist Congress Party (Ajit Pawar Group) |
|

## Ministers of State

| No. | Portrait | | Deputy Minister
(Constituency) | Term of office | | | Political party | Ministry | Minister | Chief Minister |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | From | | To | Period || | | |
| Deputy Minister of Special Assistance | | | | | | | | | | |
| ***Vacant*** | | | | 23 November
2019 | 28 November
2019 | 5 days | NA | **Fadnavis II** | Devendra Fadnavis |
Devendra Fadnavis |
| 01 |  |  | **Abdul Sattar Abdul Nabi**
(MLA for Sillod Constituency No. 104\-
Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar District Also Previously Known Aurangabad District
***(Legislative Assembly)*** | 30 December
2019 | 27 June
2022 | 2 years, 179 days | Shiv Sena | **Thackeray** | Dhananjay Munde |
Uddhav Thackeray |
| 02 |  |  | **Aditi Tatkare**
(MLA for Shrivardhan Constituency No. 193\-
Raigad District)
***(Legislative Assembly)***
*Additional\_Charge* | 27 June
2022 | 29 June
2022 | 2 days | | | | Nationalist Congress Party |
| ***Vacant*** | | | | 30 June
2022 | *Incumbent* | 2 years, 101 days | NA | **Eknath** |  |
Eknath Shinde |
|| |

## InfoBox

Ministry of Special Assistance, Government of Maharashtra
| **मंत्रालय विशेष सहाय्य विभाग महाराष्ट्र शासन** | |
| --- | --- |
| Seal of the state of Maharashtra | |
|
Building of Administrative Headquarters of Mumbai | |
| Ministry overview | |
| Formed | 1928 |
| Jurisdiction | Maharashtra |
| Headquarters | Mantralay, Mumbai |
| Minister responsible |  |
| Deputy Minister responsible |  |
| Ministry executive |  |
| Parent department | Government of Maharashtra |
| Website | sjsa.maharashtra.gov.in/en |


title: Mine dewatering

abstract: Mine dewatering is the action of removing groundwater from a mine. When a mine extends below the water table groundwater will, due to gravity, infiltrate the mine working. On some projects groundwater is a minor impediment that can be dealt with on an ad-hoc basis. In other mines, and in other geological settings, dewatering is fundamental to the viability of the mine and may require the use of very large resources and management.

text:
# Mine dewatering

**Mine dewatering** is the action of removing groundwater from a mine. When a mine extends below the water table groundwater will, due to gravity, infiltrate the mine working. On some projects groundwater is a minor impediment that can be dealt with on an ad-hoc basis. In other mines, and in other geological settings, dewatering is fundamental to the viability of the mine and may require the use of very large resources and management.

## History

The act of taking water from a mine that is being operated has been done since Neolithic times. In the past it was done by using a shadoof, digging deeper dikes so that gravity would remove the water, by mounting leather water-filled buckets on water wheels or, if nothing else, carrying water-filled buckets manually. The Archimedes' screw was also historically used to pump water out of mines. Where no dewatering techniques were effective the mine had to be shut down due to flooding.

In the 15th century mine dewatering techniques made some technical advancements as the first mechanized wooden pumps were used in the German Rammelsberg mine (Lower Saxony), and later in the Ehrenfriedersdorf (Saxony) mines in the 16th century.

With the Industrial Revolution, the demand for more coal also demanded dewatering of ever-deeper mines. Water was put in buckets and removed using rope conveyors powered by horses on treadmills. Thomas Savery was the first to realize that a steam engine could be used to pump water out of mines, so he patented an early form of a steam engine. His proposed engine however, was ineffective and problematic in design. It could not pump water higher than 9 metres (30 ft) above water level.

The atmospheric engine, invented by Thomas Newcomen in 1712, combined the ideas of Thomas Savery, who he was forced to go into partnership with due to Savery's patent, and Denis Papin, using his invention of a piston. It was the first practical application of the steam engine in a mine and was used to dewater coal and tin mines. The first reliable metal pump was developed by József Károly Hell and used in Schemnitz in 1749.

In the 20th century submersible pumps offered another innovation in mine dewatering. Currently dewatering techniques and systems are so advanced and well defined for each type of mine - open pit or underground - that even mines thousands of metres deep are successfully dewatered.

## Problems with mine dewatering

Dewatering a totally or partially flooded mine, or even as a normal procedure in normal mine activity, may carry a number of problems, most of which are environment related. This can happen in open pit mines as well as in underground mines. Large problems are also developing with abandoned mines that have accumulated acid mine drainage that are growing to become a larger problem as the water sits in the mine and reacts with the exposed rock. There can be mitigation through proper management and with enough funds.

The most relevant concerns with mine dewatering are related to acid mine drainage and the dispersal of contaminated water into other water fonts and the general environment becoming a serious source of pollution.

## Types of dewatering techniques and systems

Dewatering open pit mines and underground mines is different. Each method relies on different apparel and techniques.

For dewatering open pit mines the following are used:

* Filter wells
* Disposal wells
* Inverted wells
* Vacuum drainage
* Horizontal drains
* Sealing walls
* Cut off walls
* Guard wells

Underground, the following methods are used:

1. "Mine Dewatering". *GWE*. Horbury, UK: Groundwater Engineering. 22 May 2014. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
2. Younger, P.L. (2004). "Making water": the hydrogeological adventures of Britain's early mining engineers. Spec. Publ., Geol. Soc. London, 225, p. 121-157.
3. Sheperd, R. (1993). Ancient Mining. Elsevier, London. 494 pp.
4. Agricola, G. (1556). De re mettalica libre XII. Holzschnitte, Basel, 273 pp.
5. Kreibich, M & Eisbein, M. (ca. 2003). Georgius Agricola und die Ehrenfriedersdorfer Radpumpe. Ehrenfriedersdorf, 34 pp.
6. Construction Dewatering: New Methods and Applications, page 7
7. Wolkersdorfer, Christian (2008). *Water Management at Abandoned Flooded Underground Mines: Fundamentals, Tracer Tests, Modelling, Water Treatment*. Berlin: Springer. p. 84. ISBN 9783540773313. Retrieved 7 April 2020.
8. Vutukuri, V.S. & Singh, R.N. (1993): Recent Developments in Pumping Systems in Underground Metalliferous Mining. Mine Water Env., 12, p. 71-94.
9. Duane, M.J., Pigozzi, G. & Harris, C. (1997). Geochemistry of some deep gold mine waters from the western portion of the Witswatersrand Basin, South Africa. J. Afr. Earth Sci., 24, 1-2, p. 105-123.
10. Oberholzer, Phillip Johannes (2015). *Best practices for automation and control of mine dewatering systems* (Thesis thesis).
11. Hollyday, E. F. (1963). "A geohydrologic analysis of mine dewatering and water development, Tombstone, cochise County, Arizona". `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
12. Schmidt, Robert D. (1985). *Fracture Zone Dewatering to Control Groundwater Inflow in Underground Coal Mines*. U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines.
13. Akcil, Ata; Koldas, Soner (2006-01-01). "Acid Mine Drainage (AMD): causes, treatment and case studies". *Journal of Cleaner Production*. Improving Environmental, Economic and Ethical Performance in the Mining Industry. Part 2. Life cycle and process analysis and technical issues. **14** (12): 1139–1145. doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2004.09.006. ISSN 0959-6526.
14. Plotnikov, N.I., Roginets, I.I. & Viswanatan, S. (1989). Hydrogeology of Ore Deposits: Russian translation serie, 72, Rotterdam, 290 pp.
15. de la Vergne, J. (2003). Hard Rock Miner's Handbook. 3rd edn., Tempe, 314 pp.
16. Kecojevic, V.J., Mrugala, M.J., Simic, R.D. & Stankovic, R.M. (2003). A Computer-Aided System for Design of Drainage Facilities in Surface Mining. Mine Water Env., 22, 3, Berlin, p. 149-154.
17. Wolkersdorfer, C., 2008: Water Management at Abandoned Flooded Underground Mines – Fundamentals, Tracer Tests, Modelling, Water Treatment, 465 pp.


title: Mini Schwiiz, mini Heimat

abstract: Mini Schwiiz, mini Heimat is the tenth studio album by Swiss singer Beatrice Egli. It was released by Universal Music on 14 August 2020 in Switzerland. The album debuted and peaked at number one on the Swiss Albums Chart.

text:
# Mini Schwiiz, mini Heimat

***Mini Schwiiz, mini Heimat*** (transl.*My Switzerland, My Home*) is the tenth studio album by Swiss singer Beatrice Egli. It was released by Universal Music on 14 August 2020 in Switzerland. The album debuted and peaked at number one on the Swiss Albums Chart.

## Track listing

All tracks produced by Joachim Hans Wolf.

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Original version | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Du gisch mim Läbe en Sinn" | * Oliver Lukas * Bernhard Wittgruber * Beatrice Egli * Joachim Hans Wolf | "Du gibst meinem Leben einen Sinn" | 3:24 |
| 2. | "Mini Schwiiz, mini Heimat" | * Egli * Wolf | "Mein Ein und Alles" | 3:54 |
| 3. | "Vivila" | * Amadeus Crotti * Lukas * Wolf * Hens Hensen | "Le li la" | 3:14 |
| 4. | "Terra Australia (Promets-moi de me faire revenir)" | * Achim Radloff * Egli * Wolf * Katia Gökoglu | "Terra Australia" | 3:38 |
| 5. | "Bunt" | * Egli * Wolf | "Bunt" | 3:08 |
| 6. | "Hopp oder topp" | * Lukas * Mihael Hercog * Egli * Wolf | "Hopp oder topp" | 3:22 |
| 7. | "Verliebt, verlobt, verflixt nomal" | * Frank Kretschmer * Thomas Remm * Marc Hiller * Egli * Wolf | "Verliebt, verlobt, verflixt nomal" | 3:15 |
| 8. | "Kick im Augeblick" | * Hubert Molander * Egli * Wolf * Emanuel Treu | "Kick im Augeblick" | 3:27 |
| 9. | "Où es-tu?" | * Egli * Wolf * Gökoglu | "Kompass" | 3:28 |
| 10. | "Natürlich!" | * Egli * Wolf | "Natürlich!" | 2:54 |
| 11. | "Bello e impossibile" | * Wolfgang Hofer * Crotti * Hensen | "Verboten gut" | 3:24 |
| 12. | "Dahei" | * Radloff * Egli * Wolf | "Zuhaus" | 4:01 |

Gold edition
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Original version | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 13. | "Siebe mal Herz, siebe mal Schmerz" | * Lukas * Hercog * Egli * Wolf | "Sieben mal Herz, sieben mal Schmerz" | 3:33 |
| 14. | "Alles chan, gar nüt muess" | * Lukas * Saša Lendero * Hercog * Egli * Wolf | "Alles kann, gar nichts muss" | 3:23 |
| 15. | "I.N.S.T.A." | * Egli * Wolf | "I.N.S.T.A." | 4:01 |
| 16. | "Le 5ème élément" | * Radloff * Gökoglu * Egli * Wolf | "Das 5. Element" | 4:54 |
| 17. | "Flüge" | * Egli * Wolf | "Flüge" | 3:26 |
| 18. | "Ich stah zu dir" | * Radloff * Egli * Wolf | "Ich steh zu dir" | 3:58 |
| 19. | "Mini Schwiiz, mini Heimat" (Instrumental) | * Egli * Wolf | "Mein Ein und Alles" | 3:54 |

## Charts

## Release history

| Region | Date | Edition | Format | Label | Ref(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Various | 14 August 2020 | Standard |  | Universal Music |  |
| Various | 5 March 2021 | Gold | * CD * digital download | Universal Music |  |

## InfoBox

| Mini Schwiiz, mini Heimat | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Beatrice Egli | |
| Released | 14 August 2020 |
| Length | 41:26 |
| Label | Universal |
| Producer | Joachim Hans Wolf |
| Beatrice Egli chronology | |
| *Natürlich!*
(2019) ***Mini Schwiiz, mini Heimat***
(2020) *Bunt – Best of*
(2020) | |


title: Minuscule 927

abstract: Minuscule 927, δ 251, is a 12th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. It has marginalia. The manuscript has survived in complete condition.

text:
# Minuscule 927

**Minuscule 927** (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 251 (von Soden), is a 12th-century Greek minuscule manuscript of the New Testament on parchment. It has marginalia. The manuscript has survived in complete condition.

## Description

The codex contains the text of the New Testament without Book of Revelation, on 280 parchment leaves (size 22.2 cm by 18.3 cm). The text is written in one column per page, 26 lines per page. The leaves of the codex are arranged in octavo. According to Hermann von Soden it is an ornamented manuscript. It contains the *Epistula ad Carpianum*, the Eusebian Canon tables at the beginning and pictures. It contains also liturgical books with hagiographies: Synaxarion and Menologion.

## Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the Byzantine. Hermann von Soden classified it to the textual family K1. Kurt Aland did not place it in any Category. According to the Claremont Profile Method it belongs to the textual family Kx in Luke 1, Luke 10 and Luke 20.

## History

According to the colophon it was written in 1133. Currently the manuscript is dated by the Institute for New Testament Textual Research (INTF) to the 13th century. It was written by scribe named Theoklistus. The codex 927 was seen by Gregory at the Dionysiou monastery (8), in Mount Athos. 279 folios of the manuscript are housed at the J. Paul Getty Museum (Ludw. II 4) Malibu, California, and one folio is housed at the Paul Kanellopoulos Museum in Athens. The leaf from Athens used to be cataloged as minuscule 2618.

The manuscript was added to the list of New Testament manuscripts by C. R. Gregory (927e). It was not on the Frederick Henry Ambrose Scrivener's list, but it was added to his list by Edward Miller in the 4th edition of A Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament.

It is not cited in the critical editions of the Greek New Testament (UBS4, NA28).

Kirsopp Lake published facsimile of the codex.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

Minuscule **927**
| **New Testament manuscript** | |
| --- | --- |
| Text | New Testament (except Rev.) |
| Date | 1133 |
| Script | Greek |
| Now at | Malibu, Athens |
| Size | 22.2 cm by 18.3 cm |
| Type | Byzantine |
| Category | none |
| Note | marginalia |


title: Ministry of Employment and Labor

abstract: South Korea's Ministry of Employment and Labor is a cabinet-level ministry overseeing labor affairs. Its predecessor agency, the Division of Labor, was established under the direction of the Minister of Social Affairs (사회부장관) on 11 November 1948. It was upgraded to a cabinet ministry on 8 April 1981. The headquarters are located in Building #11 of the Sejong Government Complex in Sejong City. Previously the headquarters were located in Buildings 1 and 3 of the Government Complex II in Gwacheon, Gyeonggi Province.

text:
# Ministry of Employment and Labor

South Korea's **Ministry of Employment and Labor** (**MOEL**; Korean: 고용노동부; Hanja: 雇傭勞動部) is a cabinet-level ministry overseeing labor affairs. Its predecessor agency, the Division of Labor, was established under the direction of the Minister of Social Affairs (사회부장관) on 11 November 1948. It was upgraded to a cabinet ministry on 8 April 1981.

The headquarters are located in Building #11 of the Sejong Government Complex in Sejong City. Previously the headquarters were located in Buildings 1 and 3 of the Government Complex II in Gwacheon, Gyeonggi Province.

## Work

Major tasks include the establishment of policies related to employment, establishment and management of policies related to industrial insurance, the establishment and management of policies related to industrial insurance, the establishment of policies related to occupational capacity development, employment equality with work and family compatibility, and the establishment of policies related to labor conditions.

## InfoBox

Ministry of Employment and Labor
| 고용노동부
雇傭勞動部
Goyong nodong-bu | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
MOEL headquarters in Sejong | |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | July 5, 2010 |
| Preceding agencies | * Division of Labor, Ministry of Social Affairs (1948-1963) * Labor Administration (1963-1981) * Ministry of Labor (1981-2010) |
| Jurisdiction | Government of South Korea |
| Headquarters | 422, Hanuridae-ro, Sejong, South Korea |
| Minister responsible |  |
| Deputy Minister responsible |  |
| Website | www.moel.go.kr/english |


title: Minute virus of mice

abstract: Minute virus of mice (MVM) is the exemplar virus of the species Rodent protoparvovirus 1, in the genus Protoparvovirus of the Parvoviridae family of viruses. MVM exists in multiple variant forms including MVMp, which is the prototype strain that infects cells of fibroblast origin, while MVMi, the immunosuppressive strain, infects T lymphocytes. MVM is a common infection in laboratory mice due to its highly contagious nature. The virus can be shed from infected mice via feces and urine, but also via fomites and nasal secretions. Typically there are no clinical signs of infection in adult mice, however, experimental infection can cause multiple organ damage during fetal development or shortly after birth.

text:
# Minute virus of mice

**Minute virus of mice** (MVM) is the exemplar virus of the species *Rodent protoparvovirus 1*, in the genus *Protoparvovirus* of the *Parvoviridae* family of viruses. MVM exists in multiple variant forms including MVMp, which is the prototype strain that infects cells of fibroblast origin, while MVMi, the immunosuppressive strain, infects T lymphocytes. MVM is a common infection in laboratory mice due to its highly contagious nature. The virus can be shed from infected mice via feces and urine, but also via fomites and nasal secretions. Typically there are no clinical signs of infection in adult mice, however, experimental infection can cause multiple organ damage during fetal development or shortly after birth.

## Transcription profile

MVM uses two transcriptional promoters at map units (mu) 4 and 38 (p4 and p38) and a single polyadenylation site at mu 95 to create 3 major size classes of mRNAs, referred to as R1, R2 and R3, all of which have a short intron sequence between 46–48 mu removed. R1 is produced from p4 and is translated into non-structural protein 1 (NS1). However, in some P4 transcripts a second intron between 10–40 mu is also excised, creating R2 mRNAs that encode NS2 proteins of ~25 kDa. These share 85 amino acids of N-terminal sequence with NS1, and then splice into an alternate reading frame before finally reaching the short central intron where 2 different C-terminal hexapeptides can be added. The R3 transcript produces capsid proteins VP1 and VP2, which requires transcription from the P38 promoter, in contrast to the P4 promoter used for transcripts R1 and R2.

## Non-structural protein functions

NS1 functions as a required replication protein and is known to have helicase activity, ATPase activity and nickase activity. Specifically, the nickase activity is required to resolve replication intermediate telomeres on the right-hand of the genome. NS2 is known to exist in several spliced forms (isoforms) termed NS2-P, -Y and –L due to differences in the C-terminus of the isoforms as a result of alternative splicing. NS2 is known to exist is both the cytoplasm and nucleus as well as in phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated forms. In addition, NS2 is required for efficient infection in its natural murine host, but is dispensable in experimental infection in human cell lines. Although not fully understood, in murine A9 fibroblasts NS2 interacts with nuclear export factor Crm1 resulting in efficient nuclear egress of progeny virions.

## DNA damage response

MVM induces a DNA damage response (DDR) during infection which is required for effective replication. The ATM pathway is exclusively activated with a primarily Chk2-mediated response. It is not known if viral proteins or active viral replication activate the DDR, but UV-inactivated MVM does not induce a response suggesting that presence of MVM virions or MVM genome alone cannot cause the observed DDR activation.

## Commercial uses

The Minute virus of Mice is currently the smallest virus that can be easily titrated to high levels; as such it is commercially used as a "worst case" example of a very small virus.

## InfoBox

| Minute virus of mice | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Virus classification | |
| (unranked): | Virus |
| *Realm*: | *Monodnaviria* |
| Kingdom: | *Shotokuvirae* |
| Phylum: | *Cossaviricota* |
| Class: | *Quintoviricetes* |
| Order: | *Piccovirales* |
| Family: | *Parvoviridae* |
| Genus: | *Protoparvovirus* |
| Species: | *Rodent protoparvovirus 1* |
| Virus: | **Minute virus of mice** |
|


title: Miriam Kearney

abstract: Miriam Kearney is an Irish former Fine Gael politician who served as a Senator from 1981 to 1982, after being nominated by the Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald. She held the record as the youngest member of Seanad Éireann, being 22 years old on appointment. A graduate of University College Cork, Kearney was at the time a member of Young Fine Gael and chairperson of its International Affairs Committee. In 1981, she supported the abolition of jury trials in accident compensation cases. She also voted for the abolition of the death penalty. She was in charge of the Taoiseach's itinerary and managed his campaign tour during the February 1982 election. She stood for the Industrial and Commercial Panel at the February 1982 Seanad election but was not elected. She later became Assistant General Secretary of Fine Gael.

text:
# Miriam Kearney

**Miriam Kearney** (born 20 July 1959) is an Irish former Fine Gael politician who served as a Senator from 1981 to 1982, after being nominated by the Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald.

She held the record as the youngest member of Seanad Éireann, being 22 years old on appointment.

A graduate of University College Cork, Kearney was at the time a member of Young Fine Gael and chairperson of its International Affairs Committee.

In 1981, she supported the abolition of jury trials in accident compensation cases. She also voted for the abolition of the death penalty.

She was in charge of the Taoiseach's itinerary and managed his campaign tour during the February 1982 election.

She stood for the Industrial and Commercial Panel at the February 1982 Seanad election but was not elected. She later became Assistant General Secretary of Fine Gael.

## InfoBox

| Miriam Kearney | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Senator | |
| **In office**
8 October 1981  13 May 1982 | |
| Constituency | Nominated by the Taoiseach |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1959-07-20) 20 July 1959
Cork, Ireland |
| Political party | Fine Gael |
| Alma mater | University College Cork |
|  | |


title: Mirman Baheer

abstract: Mirman Baheer is a secret literary society of women meeting across Afghanistan. Founded in 2010 by Sahira Sharif, the organization attracted international attention after research conducted by Eliza Griswold was published in 2012. It has continued to meet into 2021, shifting to livestreaming meetings during the COVID-19 pandemic.

text:
# Mirman Baheer

**Mirman Baheer** is a secret literary society of women meeting across Afghanistan. Founded in 2010 by Sahira Sharif, the organization attracted international attention after research conducted by Eliza Griswold was published in 2012. It has continued to meet into 2021, shifting to livestreaming meetings during the COVID-19 pandemic.

## History

Sahira Sharif, an Afghani politician, founded Mirman Baheer in 2010 as a literary society for Afghan women to read their writings and share accounts of their life. The group also offered participants an opportunity to call by phone to read their work to the group, while Sharif and other members read their own work on the radio and publicized the phone line that Eliza Griswold, writing for the *BBC*, described in 2016 as a "poetry hot line of sorts".

Sharif has said she founded the society because she felt literature was a valuable tool to fight for women's rights, more so than political rallies. In 2012, it was described by Eliza Griswold in *The New York Times* as the largest women's literary society in Afghanistan and compared it to the earlier Golden Needle Sewing School. In 2013, she told *BBC News*, "It's our form of resistance." Griswold wrote that by 2012, the group had over 100 members in Kabul alone, many of whom were prominent members of society, and about three hundred in more rural locations. She noted that members in Kabul met publicly, while many of those in other provinces met secretly. Griswold conducted research into poetry by women into Afghanistan that was supported by the society, and in 2014 published a collection of landays, *I Am the Beggar of the World*. In 2015 Sharif spoke at the International Poetry Festival with Griswold about Mirman Baheer.

In 2021 *Time* reported that the organization met weekly, in a secret location that changed every meeting. The magazine described Mirman Baheer as providing a place for women to tell stories that "would otherwise remain hidden." They went on to describe the society as having several hundred members widely ranging in age, from 13 to 55, around Afghanistan. A majority of members are Pashtuns. The organization includes programs offering mentorship of inexperienced poets by more established authors. During the COVID-19 pandemic, which severely affected Afghanistan, Mirman Baheer shifted to livestreaming meetings via Facebook to their members.


abstract: The Ministry of Health & Wellness is a ministry of the Government of Barbados. Its stated aim is to promote and manage health and ensure environmental concerns are considered in all aspects of national development. The minister is unknown The ministry runs the Barbados Psychiatric Hospital, the Barbados Drug Service, the Children's Development Centre and the National Nutrition Centre. It launched a Dental Health Promotion Project for Secondary School Students in November 2018 with support from the Massy Foundation which donated just under BDS$23 000 for a dental health education programme. It is considering setting up an international nursing school on the island.

text:
# Ministry of Health and Wellness (Barbados)

The **Ministry of Health & Wellness** is a ministry of the Government of Barbados. Its stated aim is to promote and manage health and ensure environmental concerns are considered in all aspects of national development.

The minister is unknown

The ministry runs the Barbados Psychiatric Hospital, the Barbados Drug Service, the Children's Development Centre and the National Nutrition Centre.

It launched a Dental Health Promotion Project for Secondary School Students in November 2018 with support from the Massy Foundation which donated just under BDS$23 000 for a dental health education programme.

It is considering setting up an international nursing school on the island.


title: Miriam Tey

abstract: Miriam Tey is a Spanish editor, writer and political activist. She served as vice-president of the Societat Civil Catalana until replaced by Álex Ramos year 2019 and is an outspoken opponent of Catalan nationalism and the separatist movement.

text:
# Miriam Tey

**Miriam Tey** (born 16 December 1960) is a Spanish editor, writer and political activist. She served as vice-president of the Societat Civil Catalana until replaced by Álex Ramos year 2019 and is an outspoken opponent of Catalan nationalism and the separatist movement.

## Personal life

Miriam Tey was born in Barcelona, Spain on December 16, 1960. She has one adult son. Tey is the sister-in-law of diplomat, Jorge Moragas.

## Career

Tey began working at the publishing house, Tusquets Editores, when she was 19 years old. After working at Tusquets Editores, she worked as the literary director at the publishing house, Columna Edicions. While working at Columna Edicions, Tey founded Ediciones del Bronce, a publisher of foreign books translated into Spanish. After leaving Columna Edicions, Tey founded El Cobre Ediciones.

From 2003 to 2004, Tey served as director of Spain's Instituto de la Mujer, a public institute to further equality and women's rights. In 2003, El Cobre Ediciones published a novel by Hernan Migoya called *Todas Putas* (*All Whores*). The book caused a public backlash, and Tey received significant criticism regarding her perceived conflict as the publisher of the book and director of Instituto de la Mujer. Tey defended *Todas Putas* as a work of fiction, but ultimately withdrew the book.

## Activism

In 2015, she was a founding member of Centro Libre. Arte y Cultura (CLAC), a cultural and educational center founded to promote Catalan culture, art, and freedom of expression in Spain.

Miriam Tey has served as vice-president of Societat Civil Catalana since 2017. With Societat Civil Catalana and Josep Ramon Bosch, Tey worked to convince Manuel Valls to campaign in Spain's 2019 local elections as a Citizens candidate. Tey is an outspoken opponent of Catalan separatism, arguing that those in favor of separatism don't accurately reflect the wishes of the majority.

## InfoBox

| Miriam Tey | |
| --- | --- |
| Former President of Spain, Mariano Rajoy, receiving managers of Societat Civil Catalana. Tey pictured in center. | |
| Born | (1960-12-16) December 16, 1960 |
| Occupation(s) | Editor, activist |
| Organization | Societat Civil Catalana (SCC) |
| Children | 1 |


title: Mirza Sahiban (1947 film)

abstract: Mirza Sahiban is a 1947 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by K. Amarnath, starring Noor Jehan and Trilok Kapoor in the lead roles. It is based on the folktale of Mirza Sahiban and was the fourth highest grossing Indian film of 1947.

text:
# Mirza Sahiban (1947 film)

***Mirza Sahiban***  is a 1947 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by K. Amarnath, starring Noor Jehan and Trilok Kapoor in the lead roles. It is based on the folktale of *Mirza Sahiban* and was the fourth highest grossing Indian film of 1947.

## Cast

* Noor Jehan as Sahiban
* Trilok Kapoor as Mirza
* Misra as Choudhary Sahib
* Roop Kamal as Noora, Sahiban's friend
* Rekha as Chhati, Mirza's younger sister.
* Ibrahim as Miyanji
* Laxman as young Mirza
* Baby Anwari as young Sahiban
* Amirbano as Mirza's widowed mother
* Gulab as Choudhary Sahib's wife
* Gope as Pumman

## Music

The music for the film was composed by *Late* Pandit Amarnath, with lyrics penned by Qamar Jalalabadi, Aziz Kashmiri. The soundtrack consists of eleven songs, featuring vocals by Noor Jehan, G. M. Durrani, Zohrabai Ambalewali, and Shamshad Begum. There was a dance by Cuckoo who played a wedding dancer in an uncredited role.

Songs List of Mirza Sahiban 1947
| **Song title** | **Singer(s)** | **Music director** | **Lyricist** | **Actor(s)/Actress(es)** | Category |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Kya Yehi Tera Pyar Tha | Noor Jehan | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Qamar Jalalabadi | Noor Jehan | Sad Songs |
| Hath Sine Pe Jo Rakh Do To Qarar Aa Jaye | Noor Jehan, G. M. Durrani | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Aziz Kashmiri | Trilok Kapoor, Noor Jehan, Gope | Romantic Songs |
| Aaja Tujhe Afsana Judai Ka Sunaoon | Noor Jehan | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Qamar Jalalabadi | Noor Jehan | Sad Songs |
| Rut Rangili Aayi Chandni Chayi | Zohrabai Ambalewali, Noor Jehan, Shamshad Begum | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Qamar Jalalabadi | Noor Jehan |  |
| Suno Meri Sarkar Jawani Kya Kehti Hai | Zohrabai Ambalewali, Shamshad Begum | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Aziz Kashmiri |  | Romantic songs |
| Saamane Gali Men Meraa Ghar Hai | Zohrabai Ambalewali | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Aziz Kashmiri | Cuckoo, Gope | Dance songs |
| Aaj Miyanji Ko Chad Aaye Bukhar To Bada Maza Aaye | Shamshad Begum | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Aziz Kashmiri | Baby Anwari, Laxman, Ibrahim |  |
| Haye Re Ud Ud Jaye Mora Reshmi Dupattva | Shamshad Begum, Noor Jehan, Zohrabai Ambalewali | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Qamar Jalalabadi | Noor Jehan, Roop Kamal |  |
| Patra Likhan Walia | Shamshad Begum | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Aziz Kashmiri | Baby Anwari, Laxman, Noor Jehan, Trilok Kapoor | Romantic Songs |
| Tum Aankhon Se Dur Ho | G. M. Durrani, Noor Jehan | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Aziz Kashmiri | Trilok Kapoor, Noor Jehan | Sad Songs |
| Khaayegi Thokaren Ye Jawaani Kahaan Kahaan | G. M. Durrani | Pandit Amarnath, Husnlal Bhagatram | Qamar Jalalabadi | Trilok Kapoor |  |
|

## InfoBox

| Mirza Sahiban | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | K. Amarnath |
| Screenplay by | K. Amarnath
Qamar'jallalabadi
Aziz Kashmiri |
| Story by | K. Amarnath |
| Based on | *Mirza Sahiban* |
| Produced by | M. R. Navalkar |
| Starring | Nurjehan
Trilok Kapoor |
| Cinematography | M. R. Navalkar |
| Edited by | Vasant Borkar |
| Music by | Pandit Amarnath |
| Production
company | Famous Pictures Studio Ltd. |
| Distributed by | Madhukar Pictures |
| Release date | * 1947 (1947) |
| Running time | 190 mins |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindi |


title: Miss Grand South Africa 2023

abstract: Miss Grand South Africa 2023 was the eighth edition of the Miss Grand South Africa beauty pageant, held on July 22, 2023, at the Atterbury Theatre in South Africa's capital, Pretoria. Twenty-five candidates who qualified for the national pageant through the virtual casting competed for the title, and a 19-year-old former Miss Teen World from Johannesburg, Gugulethu Mayisela, was elected the winner. She was crowned by Miss Grand South Africa 2022, Lu Juan Mzyk, and obtain the right to represent the country at the Miss Grand International 2023 pageant, which is scheduled to be in Vietnam on October 25. The grand final of the pageant was hosted by a Pretoria-based model, Tumelo Matela, and former Mister Global South Africa, Ruan Scheepers.

text:
# Miss Grand South Africa 2023

**Miss Grand South Africa 2023** was the eighth edition of the Miss Grand South Africa beauty pageant, held on July 22, 2023, at the Atterbury Theatre in South Africa's capital, Pretoria. Twenty-five candidates who qualified for the national pageant through the virtual casting competed for the title, and a 19-year-old former Miss Teen World from Johannesburg, Gugulethu Mayisela, was elected the winner. She was crowned by Miss Grand South Africa 2022, Lu Juan Mzyk, and obtain the right to represent the country at the Miss Grand International 2023 pageant, which is scheduled to be in Vietnam on October 25.

The grand final of the pageant was hosted by a Pretoria-based model, Tumelo Matela, and former Mister Global South Africa, Ruan Scheepers.

## Result

| Position | Delegate |
| --- | --- |
| Miss Grand South Africa 2023 |  |
| 1st runner-up |  |
| 2nd runner-up |  |
| 3rd runner-up |  |
| 4th runner-up |  |
| Top 11 |  |

## Candidates

Initially, thirty-four candidates were confirmed to participate, but nine of them withdrew, making the finalized total of twenty-five candidates.

| Team Eastern Cape | Team KwaZulu-Natal | Team North West | Team Gauteng |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| * Nandi Sonjica * Philene van Niekerk * Snenhlanhla Gumede * Thulani Ndzotyana | * Luleka Ntanzi * Mvelenhle Dlungwane * Robyn Hill * Tara-Linn Govender | * Monique Best * Palesa Masuku |  |
|  ||
|  ||
| Team Western Cape | Team Limpopo |  | |
| * Edwina Hess * Joey Roman * Siphosethu Vukemntwini | * Diana Ndavani * Mologadi Monoge * Praise Nkovani ||

## InfoBox

| Miss Grand South Africa 2023 | |
| --- | --- |
| Gugulethu Mayisela, the winner of the contest | |
| Date | 22 July 2023 |
| Presenters |  |
| Venue | Atterbury Theatre, Pretoria |
| Entrants | 25 |
| Placements | 11 |
| Winner | Gugulethu Mayisela
(Gauteng) |
| Best in Swimsuit | Jaqueline Cronje
(Gauteng) |
|


title: Minot Point

abstract: Minot Point is a rock point midway along the west coast of Brabant Island, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It lies 3 nautical miles (6 km) west of the summit of Mount Parry. The point was mapped from air photos taken by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after American physician George R. Minot, co-winner of a Nobel Prize for his work on liver therapy in pernicious anemia.

text:
# Minot Point

**Minot Point** is a rock point midway along the west coast of Brabant Island, in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It lies 3 nautical miles (6 km) west of the summit of Mount Parry. The point was mapped from air photos taken by Hunting Aerosurveys Ltd in 1956–57, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee after American physician George R. Minot, co-winner of a Nobel Prize for his work on liver therapy in pernicious anemia.

## Maps

This article incorporates public domain material from "Minot Point". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey.

64°16′S 62°31′W / 64.267°S 62.517°W / -64.267; -62.517


title: Misha (woreda)

abstract: Misha is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Hadiya Zone, Misha is bordered on the south by Gomibora, on the southwest by Gibe, on the west by the Yem Special Woreda, on the north by the Gurage Zone, on the east by the Silt'e Zone, and on the southeast by Limo. Towns in Misha include Geja and Morsito. It was part of former Konteb woreda.

text:
# Misha (woreda)

**Misha** is one of the woredas in the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and Peoples' Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Hadiya Zone, Misha is bordered on the south by Gomibora, on the southwest by Gibe, on the west by the Yem Special Woreda, on the north by the Gurage Zone, on the east by the Silt'e Zone, and on the southeast by Limo. Towns in Misha include Geja and Morsito. It was part of former Konteb woreda.

## Demographics

Based on the 2007 Census conducted by the CSA, this woreda has a total population of 127,318, of whom 61,939 are men and 65,379 women; 5,939 or 4.67% of its population are urban dwellers. The majority of the inhabitants were Protestants, with 71.05% of the population reporting that belief, 25.17% practiced Ethiopian Orthodox Christianity, 2.61% were Muslim, and 1.05% Catholic.


title: Misha Berson

abstract: Misha Berson is an American theatre critic with the Seattle Times. In the 1980s Berson worked in San Francisco, first as the executive director of Theatre Bay Area and as performing arts director of the Fort Mason Center before working as theatre critic for the San Francisco Bay Guardian for twelve years. Since 1992 she covers the Seattle theatre scene for the Seattle Times. David Cote, writing for the Theatre Communications Group, listed Berson among the most influential theatre critics in America in 2011. Berson authored a book on the musical West Side Story, Something’s Coming, Something Good: West Side Story and the American Imagination. The book received positive reviews with Brad Hathaway, writing for DC Theatre Scene, calling it the one West Side Story book one should own. Jay Handelman, writing for the Sarasota Herald-Tribune, said the book "could serve as a textbook study of the creation of a musical". Berson chooses the winners of the Seattle Times' theatre awards, the Footlight Awards. She served on the jury for the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.

text:
# Misha Berson

**Misha Berson** is an American theatre critic with the Seattle Times.

In the 1980s Berson worked in San Francisco, first as the executive director of Theatre Bay Area and as performing arts director of the Fort Mason Center before working as theatre critic for the *San Francisco Bay Guardian* for twelve years. Since 1992 she covers the Seattle theatre scene for the Seattle Times. David Cote, writing for the Theatre Communications Group, listed Berson among the most influential theatre critics in America in 2011.

Berson authored a book on the musical *West Side Story*, *Something’s Coming, Something Good: West Side Story and the American Imagination*. The book received positive reviews with Brad Hathaway, writing for *DC Theatre Scene*, calling it the one *West Side Story* book one should own. Jay Handelman, writing for the Sarasota Herald-Tribune, said the book "could serve as a textbook study of the creation of a musical".

Berson chooses the winners of the Seattle Times' theatre awards, the Footlight Awards. She served on the jury for the 2015 Pulitzer Prize for Drama.


title: Mir EO-21

abstract: Mir EO-21 was a long-duration mission aboard the Russian Space station Mir, which occurred between February and September 1996. The crew consisted of two Russian cosmonauts, Commander Yuri Onufrienko and Yury Usachov, as well as American astronaut Shannon Lucid. Lucid arrived at the station about a month into the expedition, and left about a week following its conclusion; NASA refers to her mission as NASA-2. She was the second American to have a long-duration stay aboard Mir, the first being Norman Thagard, as a crew member of Mir EO-18; he stayed on the station for 111 days. Some sources refer to her mission as Mir NASA-1, claiming that she was the first American to have a long-duration stay aboard Mir.

text:
# Mir EO-21

**Mir EO-21** was a long-duration mission aboard the Russian Space station *Mir*, which occurred between February and September 1996. The crew consisted of two Russian cosmonauts, Commander Yuri Onufrienko and Yury Usachov, as well as American astronaut Shannon Lucid. Lucid arrived at the station about a month into the expedition, and left about a week following its conclusion; NASA refers to her mission as **NASA-2**. She was the second American to have a long-duration stay aboard Mir, the first being Norman Thagard, as a crew member of Mir EO-18; he stayed on the station for 111 days. Some sources refer to her mission as **Mir NASA-1**, claiming that she was the first American to have a long-duration stay aboard Mir.

## Crew

| Mir EO-21 | Name | Spaceflight | Launch | Landing | Duration | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Commander | Yuri Onufrienko | First | 21 February 1996
Soyuz TM-23 | 2 September 1996
Soyuz TM-23 | 193 days |  |
| Flight Engineer | Yury Usachov | Second | | | |  |
| Flight Engineer | Shannon Lucid | Fifth and last | 22 March 1996
STS-76 | 26 September 1996
STS-79 | 188 days | Aboard the station
for some of Mir EO-22 |

## Mission highlights

### Crew handover and Mir Cassiopee

On 19 August 1996, the Soyuz TM-24 spacecraft docked with Mir's front port. It brought to the station two of the next long-duration crew, Valery Korzun and Aleksandr Kaleri. The following expedition, Mir EO-22, would be commanded by Korzun. Also aboard Soyuz TM-24 was French astronaut Claudie Haigneré (then called Claudie Andre-Deshays), whose mission is known as *Mir Cassiopee*.

## InfoBox

Mir EO-21
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Mission type | Mir expedition |
| Mission duration | 193.8 days (Onufrienko, Usachyov) (launch to landing) |
|  | |
|  | |
| Expedition | |
| Space station | Mir |
| Began | 21 February 1996 (1996-02-21) |
| Ended | 2 September 1996 (1996-09-03) |
| Arrived aboard | Soyuz TM-23
STS-76 (Lucid)
Space Shuttle *Atlantis* |
| Departed aboard | Soyuz TM-23
STS-79
Space Shuttle *Atlantis* |
|  | |
|  | |
| Crew | |
| Crew size | 2 (February-March)
3 (March-September) |
| Members | Yuri Onufrienko
Yury Usachov
Shannon Lucid* (from March)
* - Transferred to EO-22 |
| Callsign | *Skif* |
|  | |
|
Yury Usachov, Yuri Onufrienko, Shannon LucidLong-term Mir expeditions | |