title: Milt Schmidt

abstract: Milton Conrad Schmidt was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre, coach and general manager, mostly for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL), where he was a member of the Kraut Line. He was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1961. In 2017, Schmidt was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.

text:
# Milt Schmidt

**Milton Conrad Schmidt** (March 5, 1918 – January 4, 2017) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre, coach and general manager, mostly for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL), where he was a member of the Kraut Line. He was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1961. In 2017, Schmidt was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.

## Early years

Schmidt's early years were spent in Kitchener, where he attended King Edward Public School. In high school, he briefly attended Kitchener-Waterloo Collegiate and Vocational School, but dropped out at age 14 to work to support his family (his father had become too ill to work regularly), and took a job at a shoe factory. He made 18 cents per hour ($3.77 per hour in 2023 dollars) while working there and claimed that he knew the value of the dollar. He continued playing junior hockey with the Kitchener Empires and Kitchener Greenshirts. Schmidt was a childhood friend of fellow Hall of Famers Woody Dumart and Bobby Bauer. At the age of 20, while playing for the Boston Bruins' AHL farm team, the Providence Reds, Schmidt was invited to try out for the St. Louis Cardinals pro baseball team, but knew himself well enough from his youth baseball experience that while he could hit the ball out of the park, he would strike out many more times than hitting home runs.

## Playing career

### Playing

Schmidt played junior hockey with Dumart and Bauer in Kitchener, Ontario, before their rights were all acquired by the Bruins in 1935. After playing a final year of junior hockey in Kitchener, Ontario, and half a year with the Providence Reds, Schmidt was called up to the Bruins during the 1937 season. He quickly proved himself to be a hardnosed centre, a skilled stick handler and smooth playmaker.

Schmidt and his childhood friends Bauer and Dumart were teamed up together in the NHL as well. They formed the Kraut Line and were a strong and dependable line for the Bruins for most of the following fifteen seasons. They were a key ingredient to the Bruins' success as they rampaged to the regular season title and a hard-fought Stanley Cup victory in 1939. The following season Schmidt became a star, as he led the league in scoring and guided the Bruins to another first-place finish and the third-most goals in team history to date.

The 1941 season saw Schmidt spearhead the Bruins to their second Cup win in three years. However, the powerhouse Brown and Gold were decimated by World War II the following year as Schmidt, Bauer, and Dumart enlisted in the Canadian military, and superstar American goaltender Frank Brimsek enlisted with the United States Coast Guard. The Kraut Line found success playing hockey for the Ottawa RCAF team by winning the Allan Cup before heading overseas. Schmidt, Bauer, and Dumart ultimately missed three productive NHL seasons due to their service in the War.

Schmidt returned for the beginning of the 1946 season. He resumed his starring ways and finished fourth in league scoring in 1947. Named captain in 1951, Schmidt won the Hart Trophy as the league's most valuable player that year.

In the later part of his career, Schmidt became friends with journalist Leo Monahan who travelled with the team on overnight train rides. One train ride Schmidt recalled that "Leo was in the berth above me and I was down below. Throughout the night, he told me, he did not move for fear he would do something that would keep me awake".

Schmidt retired as a player partway through the 1954–1955 season to take over head coaching duties, replacing Lynn Patrick.

### Coaching

Schmidt coached the Bruins up to the 1966 season with a year and a half hiatus, leading them to the Stanley Cup Finals in 1957 and 1958. He also was Boston's assistant general manager.

After coaching the Bruins for 11 seasons Schmidt was promoted to the general manager position in 1967 just as the league ushered in six new franchises, doubling in size. Schmidt proved to be a great architect in the new era of the NHL, acquiring and drafting several key players to build a Bruins team that won two more Stanley Cups in 1970 and 1972. His biggest deal was a blockbuster as he acquired Phil Esposito, Ken Hodge and Fred Stanfield from the Chicago Black Hawks in exchange for Pit Martin, Gilles Marotte and Jack Norris.

After his long and loyal career in the Bruins organization, Schmidt left the team to become the first General Manager of the expansion Washington Capitals on April 20, 1973. Unfortunately for Schmidt, the Capitals set a benchmark in futility that still stands as an NHL record today, as the new franchise finished the year with a minuscule 21 points with the worst record in the 18-team league (8–67–5).

## Career statistics

### Regular season and playoffs

* **Bold** indicates led league

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 1933–34 | Kitchener Empires | OHA-Jr. | | 7 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 2 | | 4 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 0 |
| 1933–34 | Kitchener Greenshirts | OHA-Jr. | | 17 | 20 | 6 | 26 | 14 | | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 0 |
| 1935–36 | Kitchener Greenshirts | OHA-Jr. | | 5 | 4 | 3 | 7 | 2 | | 4 | 4 | 1 | 5 | 11 |
| 1936–37 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 26 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 15 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1936–37 | Providence Reds | IAHL | | 23 | 8 | 1 | 9 | 12 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1937–38 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 44 | 13 | 14 | 27 | 15 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1938–39 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 41 | 15 | 17 | 32 | 13 | | 12 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 2 |
| 1939–40 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 48 | 22 | **30** | **52** | 37 | | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| 1940–41 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 45 | 13 | 25 | 38 | 23 | | 11 | 5 | 6 | **11** | 9 |
| 1941–42 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 36 | 14 | 21 | 35 | 34 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1941–42 | Ottawa RCAF Flyers | OCHL | |  |  |  |  |  | | 6 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 10 |
| 1941–42 | Ottawa RCAF Flyers | Al-Cup | |  |  |  |  |  | | 13 | 6 | 17 | 23 | 19 |
| 1944–45 | Middleton RCAF | Exhib. | |  |  |  |  |  | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1945–46 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 48 | 13 | 18 | 31 | 21 | | 10 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 2 |
| 1946–47 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 59 | 27 | 35 | 62 | 40 | | 5 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 |
| 1947–48 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 33 | 9 | 17 | 26 | 28 | | 5 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 2 |
| 1948–49 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 44 | 10 | 22 | 32 | 25 | | 4 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 8 |
| 1949–50 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 68 | 19 | 22 | 41 | 41 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 1950–51 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 62 | 22 | 39 | 61 | 33 | | 6 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| 1951–52 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 69 | 21 | 29 | 50 | 57 | | 7 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| 1952–53 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 68 | 11 | 23 | 34 | 30 | | 10 | 5 | 1 | 6 | 6 |
| 1953–54 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 62 | 14 | 18 | 32 | 28 | | 4 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 20 |
| 1954–55 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 23 | 4 | 8 | 12 | 26 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| NHL totals | | | | 776 | 229 | 346 | 575 | 466 | | 86 | 24 | 25 | 49 | 64 |

## Career coaching record

| Team | Year | Regular season | | | | | | Post season |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | G | W | L | T | Pts | Division Rank | Result |
| Boston Bruins | 1954–55 | 40 | 13 | 12 | 15 | (41) | 4th in NHL | Lost in semi-finals |
| | 1955–56 | 70 | 23 | 34 | 17 | 59 | 5th in NHL | Missed Playoffs |
| | 1956–57 | 70 | 34 | 24 | 12 | 80 | 3rd in NHL | Lost in Cup Finals |
| | 1957–58 | 70 | 27 | 28 | 15 | 69 | 3rd in NHL | Lost in Cup Finals |
| | 1958–59 | 70 | 32 | 29 | 9 | 73 | 2nd in NHL | Lost in semi-finals |
| | 1959–60 | 70 | 28 | 34 | 8 | 64 | 5th in NHL | Missed Playoffs |
| | 1960–61 | 70 | 15 | 42 | 13 | 43 | 6th in NHL | Missed Playoffs |
| | 1962–63 | 56 | 13 | 31 | 12 | (38) | 6th in NHL | Missed Playoffs |
| | 1963–64 | 70 | 18 | 40 | 12 | 48 | 6th in NHL | Missed Playoffs |
| | 1964–65 | 70 | 21 | 43 | 6 | 43 | 6th in NHL | Missed Playoffs |
| | 1965–66 | 70 | 21 | 43 | 6 | 48 | 5th in NHL | Missed Playoffs |
|
| Washington Capitals | 1974–75 | 8 | 2 | 6 | 0 | (4) | 5th in Norris | Missed Playoffs |
| | 1975–76 | 36 | 3 | 28 | 5 | (11) | 5th in Norris | (fired) |
| Total | | 770 | 257 | 410 | 127 |

## Retirement and death

Schmidt was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1961 and his #15 jersey was retired by the Bruins. After he retired from hockey management, Schmidt remained involved with the Bruins through their alumni team and as manager of the *Boards and Blades Club* at the Boston Garden. On October 6, 2010, the Bruins celebrated Schmidt's 75 years with the team during *Milt Schmidt Night*. On this night he received 2 commemorative Stanley Cup miniatures to represent the two cups he had brought to the club, plus he raised his number to the rafters inside TD Garden. He was the last surviving member of both the Bruins' 1939 and 1941 Stanley Cup teams. Schmidt was also the last living NHL player to play in the 1930s and the last to have played against the Montreal Maroons (a team that folded in 1938).

On October 20, 2016, Schmidt along with Bobby Orr dropped the ceremonial puck at the Boston Bruins' first home game of the season.

Schmidt died after a stroke on January 4, 2017, in a retirement facility in Westwood, Massachusetts; at the age of 98; at the time of his death he was the oldest living former NHL player, and the last living player from the AHL's inaugural season. Following Schmidt's death, Chick Webster became the oldest living NHL player. Schmidt is buried alongside his wife at the Highland Cemetery in Dover, Massachusetts.

## Tribute

Upon hearing of Schmidt's death, NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman issued the following statement: "It would be a challenge to find anyone who took greater pride in being a Boston Bruin than Milt Schmidt did--be it as a player, an executive or an ambassador over the 80-plus years he served the franchise, the city of Boston and the National Hockey League. Milt's respect for the game was matched by his humility and was mirrored by the great respect with which his opponents, and generations of Bruins players, treated him through the years."

## Awards and achievements

NESN October 28, 2010

## InfoBox

| Milt Schmidt | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Hockey Hall of Fame, 1961 | | | |
|  | | | |
| Born | (1918-03-05)March 5, 1918
Kitchener, Ontario, Canada | | |
| Died | January 4, 2017(2017-01-04) (aged 98)
Westwood, Massachusetts, U.S. | | |
| Height | 6 ft 0 in (183 cm) | | |
| Weight | 185 lb (84 kg; 13 st 3 lb) | | |
| Position | Centre | | |
| Shot | Left | | |
| Played for | Boston Bruins | | |
| Playing career | 19361942
1945–1955 | | |


title: Morishita Station (Tokyo)

abstract: .mw-parser-output.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output.infobox.navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva.mw-parser-output.infobox-header,body.skin-minerva.mw-parser-output.infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva.mw-parser-output.infobox-above,body.skin-minerva.mw-parser-output.infobox-title,body.skin-minerva.mw-parser-output.infobox-image,body.skin-minerva.mw-parser-output.infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva.mw-parser-output.infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night.mw-parser-output.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os.mw-parser-output.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive.mw-parser-output.infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive.mw-parser-output.infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive.mw-parser-output.infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive.mw-parser-output.infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive.mw-parser-output.infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive.mw-parser-output.infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}} Morishita Station is a subway station in Kōtō, Tokyo, Japan, operated by Toei Subway. Its station numbers are S-11 and E-13.

text:
# Morishita Station (Tokyo)

**Morishita Station** (森下駅, *Morishita-eki*) is a subway station in Kōtō, Tokyo, Japan, operated by Toei Subway. Its station numbers are S-11 (Shinjuku Line) and E-13 (Ōedo Line).

## Lines

Morishita Station is served by the following two lines.

## Platforms

Morishita Station consists of two island platforms (one for each line), each served by two tracks.

| **1** | S Shinjuku Line | for Bakuro-yokoyama, Kudanshita, and Shinjuku
KO Keio Line for Sasazuka and Hashimoto |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **2** | S Shinjuku Line | for Motoyawata |
| **3** | E Ōedo Line | for Ryogoku and Iidabashi |
| **4** | E Ōedo Line | for Daimon and Roppongi |

## History

The station opened on December 21, 1978; service on the Ōedo Line began on December 12, 2000.

## Surrounding area

The station is located underneath the intersection of Tokyo Metropolitan Routes 50 (Shin-Ōhashi-dōri) and 463 (Kiyosumi-dōri). The area is typically *shitamachi*, with a mix of mid-rise office buildings, apartment buildings, and homes. Being close to Ryōgoku, many *sumōbeya* are located in the vicinity.

## Connecting bus service

Toei Bus: **Morishita-Ekimae**

35°41′17″N 139°47′54″E / 35.688007°N 139.798235°E / 35.688007; 139.798235

## InfoBox

| S11 E13
Morishita Station
森下駅 | |
| --- | --- |
| A5 entrance to Morishita Station, 2017 | |
| General information | |
| Location | Morishita 1-13-10 (Shinjuku Line)
Morishita 2-17-17 (Oedo Line)
Kōtō City, Tokyo
（東京都江東区森下1-13-10 (Shinjuku Line)
東京都江東区森下2-17-17 (Ōedo Line)）
Japan |
| Operated by | Toei Subway |
| Line(s) |  |
| Platforms | 2 island platforms (1 for each line) |
| Tracks | 4 (2 for each line) |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Underground |
| Other information | |
| Station code | S-11 (Shinjuku Line)
E-13 (Ōedo Line) |
| History | |
| Opened | 21 December 1978 (21 December 1978) |
| Passengers | |
|  | |
|  | 121,571 daily |
|  | |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Toei Subway Following station  Bakuro-yokoyamaS09towards Shinjuku  Shinjuku Line**Express**  OjimaS15towards Motoyawata  HamachoS10towards Shinjuku  Shinjuku Line**Local**  KikukawaS12towards Motoyawata  RyogokuE12towards Tochōmae  Ōedo Line  Kiyosumi-shirakawaE14towards Hikarigaoka | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  Morishita StationLocation within Special wards of TokyoMorishita StationMorishita Station (Tokyo Bay and Bōsō Peninsula)Morishita StationMorishita Station (Tokyo)Morishita StationMorishita Station (Japan) | |


title: Paul Mills (figure skater)

abstract: Paul Mills is a Canadian former pair skater. He won the 1977 World Junior Figure Skating Championships with partner Josée France. He won the silver medal at the 1978 Canadian Figure Skating Championships with Lea Ann Jackson. They went on to place eleventh at the World Figure Skating Championships.

text:
# Paul Mills (figure skater)

**Paul Mills** is a Canadian former pair skater. He won the 1977 World Junior Figure Skating Championships with partner Josée France. He won the silver medal at the 1978 Canadian Figure Skating Championships with Lea Ann Jackson. They went on to place eleventh at the World Figure Skating Championships.

## Results

pairs with Jackson

| Event | 1978 |
| --- | --- |
| Canadian Championships | 2nd |
|

* "World Junior Figure Skating Championships: ISU Results: Pairs" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-02-13. (10.5 KB)


title: Milínov

abstract: Milínov is a municipality and village in Plzeň-South District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants. Milínov lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Plzeň and 78 km (48 mi) south-west of Prague.

text:
# Milínov

**Milínov** is a municipality and village in Plzeň-South District in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Milínov lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Plzeň and 78 km (48 mi) south-west of Prague.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1869 | 418 |  |
| 1880 | 425 | +1.7% |
| 1890 | 424 | −0.2% |
| 1900 | 453 | +6.8% |
| 1910 | 446 | −1.5% |
| 1921 | 453 | +1.6% |
| 1930 | 363 | −19.9% |
| 1950 | 295 | −18.7% |
| 1961 | 300 | +1.7% |
| 1970 | 280 | −6.7% |
| 1980 | 247 | −11.8% |
| 1991 | 206 | −16.6% |
| 2001 | 173 | −16.0% |
| 2011 | 181 | +4.6% |
| 2021 | 192 | +6.1% |
| Source: Censuses | | |

## InfoBox

| Milínov | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Centre of Milínov | |
|  | |
| MilínovLocation in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 49°38′35″N 13°33′58″E / 49.64306°N 13.56611°E / 49.64306; 13.56611 | |
| Country | Czech Republic |
| Region | Plzeň |
| District | Plzeň-South |
| First mentioned | 1379 |
| Area | |
| Total | 12.27 km2 (4.74 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 438 m (1,437 ft) |
| Population (2024-01-01) | |
| Total | 218 |
| Density | 18/km2 (46/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 332 04 |
| Website | www.obecmilinov.cz |


abstract: Hallamshire was a Parliamentary constituency covering the Hallamshire district of England. The constituency was created in 1885 and abolished in 1918. The seat was a large geographical area which in the west included the moors of the Pennines, but came down from the hills in the centre to include better farmland north of Sheffield around Ecclesfield. In the north-east it included part of the South Yorkshire coalfield and some mining villages. In the south, the residents of Sheffield who owned their freeholds could vote in this division. For twenty years the Member of Parliament was the Sheffield cutler and steel manufacturer, Sir Frederick Mappin, who was able to unite the middle-class voters from Sheffield with the hill-farmers and the miners to vote for him as a Liberal. When he retired the local Liberal association selected a miner, John Wadsworth, who was President of the Yorkshire Miners Association in 1903 and sponsored by the Miners' Federation of Great Britain. With the other MFGB sponsored MPs, Wadsworth transferred to the Labour Party in 1909.

text:
# Hallamshire (UK Parliament constituency)

**Hallamshire** was a Parliamentary constituency covering the Hallamshire district of England. The constituency was created in 1885 and abolished in 1918. The seat was a large geographical area which in the west included the moors of the Pennines (Howden Moors, Midhope Moors, Broom Read Moor, Bradfield Moor and Hallam Moor), but came down from the hills in the centre to include better farmland north of Sheffield around Ecclesfield. In the north-east it included part of the South Yorkshire coalfield and some mining villages. In the south, the residents of Sheffield who owned their freeholds could vote in this division.

For twenty years the Member of Parliament was the Sheffield cutler and steel manufacturer, Sir Frederick Mappin, who was able to unite the middle-class voters from Sheffield with the hill-farmers and the miners to vote for him as a Liberal. When he retired the local Liberal association selected a miner, John Wadsworth, who was President of the Yorkshire Miners Association in 1903 and sponsored by the Miners' Federation of Great Britain. With the other MFGB sponsored MPs, Wadsworth transferred to the Labour Party in 1909.

## Boundaries

The constituency covered an area north and west of inner Sheffield. On its creation in 1885 it was defined as containing the Municipal Borough of Sheffield, and the Parishes of Bradfield, Ecclesfield, Wath-upon-Dearne, Brampton Bierlow, Wentworth, Handsworth, Tankersley, Nether Hoyland, and Wortley.

The Municipal Borough of Sheffield was also a Parliamentary Borough and so the only electors from that area entitled to vote in Hallamshire were those who were freeholders. They could, of course, also exercise their vote in the appropriate division of the Parliamentary Borough of Sheffield. However, there were always considerable numbers of Sheffield freeholders who voted at elections for Hallamshire according to Henry Pelling in his *Social Geography of British Elections 1885-1910*.

This anomaly of the electoral system was ended in 1918. The remainder of the constituency formed the cores of both the Penistone and Wentworth constituencies in boundary changes made that year.

## Members of Parliament

## Election results

### Elections in the 1880s

General election 1885: Hallamshire
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal** | **Frederick Mappin** | **6,454** | **59.2** |  |
|  | Conservative | Charles Wentworth-Fitzwilliam | 4,451 | 40.8 |  |
| Majority | | | 2,003 | 18.4 |  |
| Turnout | | | 10,905 | 82.8 |  |
| Registered electors | | | 13,176 |  |  |
|  | Liberal **win** (new seat) | | | | |

General election 1886: Hallamshire
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal** | **Frederick Mappin** | ***Unopposed*** | | |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | | | |

### Elections in the 1890s

General election 1892: Hallamshire
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal** | **Frederick Mappin** | ***Unopposed*** | | |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | | | |

General election 1895: Hallamshire
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal** | **Frederick Mappin** | **5,949** | **54.1** | ***N/A*** |
|  | Conservative | Frank Hatchard | 5,054 | 45.9 | *New* |
| Majority | | | 895 | 8.2 | *N/A* |
| Turnout | | | 11,003 | 76.0 | *N/A* |
| Registered electors | | | 14,483 |  |  |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | Swing | *N/A* |  |

### Elections in the 1900s

General election 1900: Hallamshire
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Liberal** | **Frederick Mappin** | **6,688** | **57.5** | **+3.4** |
|  | Conservative | Frank Hatchard | 4,938 | 42.5 | 3.4 |
| Majority | | | 1,750 | 15.0 | +6.8 |
| Turnout | | | 11,626 | 74.5 | 1.5 |
| Registered electors | | | 15,610 |  |  |
|  | Liberal **hold** | | Swing | +3.4 |  |

General election 1906: Hallamshire
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Lib-Lab** | **John Wadsworth** | **8,375** | **55.2** | **2.3** |
|  | Conservative | Frederic Kelley | 6,807 | 44.8 | +2.3 |
| Majority | | | 1,568 | 10.4 | 4.6 |
| Turnout | | | 15,182 | 83.9 | +9.4 |
| Registered electors | | | 18,085 |  |  |
|  | Lib-Lab **hold** | | Swing | 2.3 |  |

### Elections in the 1910s

General election January 1910: Hallamshire
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **John Wadsworth** | **10,193** | **62.2** | **+7.0** |
|  | Conservative | Thomas Sutton Timmis | 6,185 | 37.8 | 7.0 |
| Majority | | | 4,008 | 24.4 | *N/A* |
| Turnout | | | 16,378 | 82.2 | 1.7 |
| Registered electors | | | 19,935 |  |  |
|  | Labour **gain** from Lib-Lab | | Swing | +7.0 |  |

General election December 1910: Hallamshire
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **John Wadsworth** | **8,708** | **59.9** | **2.3** |
|  | Conservative | David Thurston Smith | 5,837 | 40.1 | +2.3 |
| Majority | | | 2,871 | 19.8 | 4.6 |
| Turnout | | | 14,545 | 73.0 | 9.2 |
| Registered electors | | | 19,935 |  |  |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing | 2.3 |  |

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Hallamshire | |
| --- | --- |
| Former county constituency<br>for the House of Commons | |
| County | West Riding of Yorkshire |
| 18851918 | |
| Seats | One |
| Created from | Southern West Riding of Yorkshire |
| Replaced by | Penistone, Rotherham and Wentworth |


title: Park (2016 film)

abstract: Park is a 2016 Greek-Polish drama film directed by Sofia Exarchou. It was selected to be screened in the Discovery section at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival.

text:
# Park (2016 film)

***Park*** is a 2016 Greek-Polish drama film directed by Sofia Exarchou. It was selected to be screened in the Discovery section at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Park | |
| --- | --- |
| Film poster | |
| Directed by | Sofia Exarchou |
| Written by | Sofia Exarchou |
| Starring | Dimitris Kitsos |
| Music by | Alexander Voulgaris |
| Release date | * 9 September 2016 (2016-09-09) (TIFF) |
| Running time | 100 minutes |
| Countries | Greece<br>Poland |
| Language | Greece |


title: Reuben G. Soderstrom

abstract: Reuben George Soderstrom was an American leader of organized labor who served as President of the Illinois State Federation of Labor (ISFL) and Illinois AFL-CIO from 1930 to 1970. A key figure in Chicago and Illinois politics, he also played a pivotal role in American labor history by helping to define national labor policy after the formation of the AFL–CIO in 1955. Soderstrom advised and was courted by multiple U.S. presidents seeking his endorsement and the votes of the over 1.3 million laborers he represented. The longest-serving state federation chief in American labor history, he passed seminal labor legislation and increased his organization's membership five-fold, transforming it into one of the most powerful labor bodies in the United States.

text:
# Reuben G. Soderstrom

**Reuben George Soderstrom** (March 10, 1888 – December 15, 1970) was an American leader of organized labor who served as President of the Illinois State Federation of Labor (ISFL) and Illinois AFL-CIO from 1930 to 1970. A key figure in Chicago and Illinois politics, he also played a pivotal role in American labor history by helping to define national labor policy after the formation of the AFL–CIO in 1955. Soderstrom advised and was courted by multiple U.S. presidents seeking his endorsement and the votes of the over 1.3 million laborers he represented. The longest-serving state federation chief in American labor history, he passed seminal labor legislation and increased his organization's membership five-fold, transforming it into one of the most powerful labor bodies in the United States.

## Early life

Reuben Soderstrom was born on March 10, 1888, on a small farm west of Waverly, Minnesota. He was the second of six children born to John Frederick Soderstrom and Anna Gustafava Erikson, Swedish immigrants from Småland, and Jämtland, respectively. John, a free church preacher and cobbler by trade, attempted to become a farmer. He leveraged the family's assets in 1886 to purchase land, seed, and equipment. His efforts met with failure, and within ten years, the Soderstrom family was mired in debt.

In 1898, John sent ten-year-old Reuben to work for a blacksmith in neighboring Cokato, Minnesota, to pay the family's arrears. Two years later, Reuben traveled alone to the mining town of Streator, Illinois, in search of better wages. He labored on the trolley lines and in the glass factories, which proved formative experiences. "People often ask me what moved him, what things in his life made him choose to devote his life to the Labor Movement," his sister Olga later wrote. "He knew poverty, firsthand, he experienced child labor. He knew the loneliness of separation from his family at such an early age. These were his formative years, and they were not happy ones."

Eventually, Soderstrom earned enough money to move his parents and siblings to Streator. At 16, he became a printer's devil at the *Streator Independent Times*, where he came under the tutelage of John E. Williams, a columnist and an early leader of the labor movement in Illinois. He introduced Soderstrom to the works of many organized labor theorists, economists, and activists including John Mitchell, Richard Ely, and William U’Ren.

Soderstrom pursued a career as a union linotypist, apprenticing throughout the Midwest from St. Louis, Missouri, to Madison, Wisconsin, to Chicago, Illinois. He returned to Streator in 1909, establishing himself professionally, and marrying Jeanne Shaw on December 2, 1912. He also assumed full financial responsibility for his mother and sister after his father's death that year.

## Political career

Soderstrom joined Streator ITU Local 328 and soon became a fixture in the city's labor movement. In 1910, he was elected to his Local's Executive Committee and was nominated as a delegate to the city's Trades and Labor Council. In 1912, he was elected President of both his Local and the Streator Trades and Labor Council. After retiring from the Presidency in 1920 he became the Labor Council's Reading Clerk, a position that he held until 1936.

In 1914, Soderstrom made his first run for public office, campaigning for Illinois State Representative as a member of ex-President Theodore Roosevelt's Progressive Party. Although ultimately unsuccessful, Reuben was introduced to the state political scene. Four years later, he was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives as a member of the Republican Party. After a 1920 loss largely attributed to his opposition to Prohibition, Soderstrom reclaimed the office in 1922 and held it without interruption for 14 years.

Soderstrom soon earned a reputation as organized labor's strongest advocate in the Illinois House. He authored and shepherded a series of pro-labor bills through the legislature, including the Injunction Limitation Act (1925), the Anti-"Yellow Dog" Contract Act (1933), the One Day Rest in Seven Act (1935), and the Old Age Pension Act (1935). He increased education funding, and helped found the University of Illinois Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations, known today as the Illinois School of Labor and Employment Relations. He also secured favorable amendments to the workmen's compensation, occupational disease, and pension laws.

In 1923, he led the campaign in Streator against the National Association of Manufacturers' anti-labor "American Plan." The historically-organized city became a central front in the NAM's bid to end unions in America, with Illinois Manufacturers' Association (IMA) chief J.M. Glenn leading the charge. Under his direction, the LaSalle County sheriff flooded the streets with deputized IMA-funded armed "patrols." While ostensibly charged with keeping the peace, the "imported thugs" were accused of intimidating striking workers and breaking up peaceful demonstrations by force. When Soderstrom and his fellow Labor Council members protested, they were issued injunctions and charged with conspiracy. While the sanctions and threat of prison were severe, Soderstrom's resistance earned him statewide and national attention. During the course of events he was introduced to American Federation of Labor leader Samuel Gompers, who encouraged him to persevere and counseled him, "Young man, you know you can climb the highest mountain if you've got the patience to do it one step at a time."

In 1936, Soderstrom threw his full support behind President Franklin D. Roosevelt. When polling showed Roosevelt losing Illinois to challenger the Alfred Landon 52% to 48%, he helped organize an unprecedented rally at the Chicago Stadium for Roosevelt that was later dubbed the "Meeting at the Madhouse." While Roosevelt won Illinois, Soderstrom lost his re-election, a defeat generally attributed to his support for the Democratic president. Though no longer a state representative, Soderstrom continued to serve as President of the ISFL and Illinois AFL-CIO.

From that point onward, he generally pursued the unaffiliated, non-partisan approach favored by the AFL founder Samuel Gompers (popularly known as "elect our friends") of endorsing both Republican and Democratic politicians throughout his tenure. Soderstrom became an advisor to several administrations on both the state and national level. He worked closely with Secretary of Labor Frances Perkins on President Roosevelt's National Conference on Labor Legislation during the Great Depression and World War II. He focused on workplace and public safety during the Eisenhower administration and joined President Eisenhower's conference on highway safety during the planning of the nation's interstate system. President John F. Kennedy aggressively sought Soderstrom's endorsement, inviting him to the white house. In 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson became the first U.S. president to address a state labor convention in person, at Soderstrom's request.

## Presidency

### Miners' crisis

In 1930, the Illinois State Federation of Labor (ISFL) faced a crisis when its largest union, the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), broke apart under the heavy-handed leadership of John L. Lewis. ISFL President John Walker, himself a UMWA member, was forced to resign after he and his Progressive Miners of America (PMA) withdrew from the UMWA and claimed to be the "legitimate" miners' union. As many as 85% of Illinois UMWA miners sided with Walker, and ISFL membership plummeted to under 200,000.

With no clear successor, the ISFL Executive Committee approached the 42-year-old Soderstrom in the hope that his political acumen could help stabilize the crisis. He accepted and was named interim president, pending a formal vote. Soderstrom acted decisively against the PMA despite his friendship with Walker by refusing to seat it at the 1930 ISFL Convention. The move marginalized the PMA and helped to stabilize the UMWA at a critical moment. Soderstrom was formally elected ISFL President soon thereafter.

### Great Depression

Just as the miners' crisis began to abate, a larger threat emerged: the Great Depression. By 1933, one out of every four laborers were idle. Reuben combated the crisis with a mix of legislation, agitation, and recruitment. He fought for relief legislation, including unemployment insurance and a shorter work week and declared that every laborer had a "right to work which must not be taken away." He strengthened union efforts on the ground and traveled across Illinois to give support to strikes and organizing efforts. He also ran a relentless recruitment campaign by focusing not only on unorganized workers but also on established unions not previously affiliated with the ISFL. As a result, Soderstrom saw his membership surge despite the Great Depression and the formation of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), a rival to Reuben's American Federation of Labor (AFL).

Soderstrom also undertook efforts to combat organized crime and its influence on labor. Working closely with Chicago Federation of Labor President John Fitzpatrick, he sought to identify and arrest "labor racketeers," who falsely claimed to be representatives of organized labor to extort illegal "fees" from workers and businesses alike. His efforts earned him the ire of Illinois gangsters, who sabotaged his car and attempted to kidnap him.

### World War II

During World War II, Soderstrom took the lead in helping to organize the home front. He joined and helped to enforce organized labor's no-strike pledge within defense industries. Illinois became a seat of the nation's wartime manufacturing by producing more than 246,845 planes, 75,000 tanks, 56,696 Navy vessels, 15,454,714 firearms, and over 37,000,000,000 rounds of ammunition. Reuben helped to oversee the efforts as a member of the War Production Board, the War Manpower Commission, and Illinois State Planning Commission. He placed special emphasis on worker safety and pushed back hard against overwork in the legislature and as a member of the Illinois Health and Safety Committee and the Advisory Committee for Industrial Safety. He raised money for the war, promoting War Bonds and serving on the Federal War Savings Committee. Near the war's end, he helped shape postwar planning efforts as a member of the AFL's Peace and Postwar Problems Committee.

After the ear, Soderstrom advanced labor interests in Illinois while when anti-labor sentiment was rising nationwide. He passed pro-labor legislation, including affordable housing, increased workmen's compensation and unemployment benefits as well as the founding of a Labor Institute at the University of Illinois. He also thwarted repeated attempts to pass the model "right to work" legislation that swept through 16 other states. That was accomplished in part through an organized effort to curb strikes within the state and a new political alliance with one-time opponent Governor Green, who was considering running for the Republican presidential nomination.

### AFL-CIO merger

Soderstrom's influence continued to expand in the postwar era. As a direct result of his efforts, Illinois was one of the only states not to be consumed by the wave of anti-labor legislation that shook the country in the late 1940s. Nationally, he exerted influence as Secretary of the AFL's powerful Resolutions Committee. He gained the personal confidence of national AFL President William Green, who repeatedly dispatched Reuben as his personal representative to resolve internal disputes across the country and represent the AFL abroad. When George Meany, Green's successor, began talks with his CIO counterpart to merge the two labor organizations, Soderstrom was one of the handful of leaders and the only state president selected to travel to help craft the agreement in Washington, D.C. When his own Illinois State Federation was merged with its CIO counterpart in 1958, Reuben was elected to be the first president of the new Illinois AFL-CIO.

### Civil rights

In the Civil Rights era, Reuben worked to bring equality into the workplace. He supported the Illinois Fair Employment Practices Committee (FEPC) Act and other legislative efforts to end discrimination. He strongly supported Jewish rights at home and efforts to organize in the nascent nation of Israel for which he was formally honored by the Jewish Labor Committee in 1953. When Martin Luther King Jr., led a Rally for Civil Rights in Chicago in 1964, Reuben served as an Honorary Chairman and welcomed him to Illinois. After the event, Reuben personally invited Dr. King to come and deliver the keynote address at the Illinois AFL-CIO Convention, which he did the following year. Multiple civil rights leaders spoke before the Illinois AFL-CIO at Reuben's request, including King' successor, Ralph Abernathy.

## Family

Soderstrom was the primary provider for his family since childhood and continued to care for his mother until her passing in 1959. He was close to his siblings, especially his sister Olga and brothers Paul and Lafe, whose own career in labor politics was cut short when he was killed by a drunk driver in Chicago in 1940. He married Jeanne Shaw in 1912, and together, they had two children: Carl and Rose Jeanne. Carl followed in his father's footsteps by winning the Illinois House seat his father had held in 1950. His daughter, Jeanne, was a teacher and counselor at Streator High School. In 1941, Carl Soderstrom married Streator native Virginia Merriner. The pair had five children: Carl Jr., Virginia Jeanne, Robert, Jane, and William Reuben.

He was committed to the city of Streator and chose to commute to his offices in Chicago and Springfield, rather than leave his adopted hometown. On September 2, 2012, the city honored him with the dedication of the Reuben G. Soderstrom Statue and Memorial Plaza.

## Death and legacy

On September 12, 1970, Soderstrom was named president emeritus of the Illinois AFL-CIO. He died three months later on December 15, 1970, in his hometown of Streator, at the age of 82.

### *Forty Gavels* Biography

Soderstrom's authoritative, three-volume biography *Forty Gavels: The Life of Reuben Soderstrom and the Illinois AFL-CIO* was released on February 28, 2018. Named after the ceremonial gavels Soderstrom received at the annual state labor conventions, *Forty Gavels* spans a century of history and examines its subject in documented detail, year by year. The biography also features more than 2,250 photos and images from several historical archives. *Forty Gavels* was written by Carl W. Soderstrom, Robert W. Soderstrom, Chris M. Stevens, and Andrew W. Burt, with graphic design by Kevin Evans. To date, the biographical series has won several awards including the 2019 Next Generation Indie Book Awards for Biography and Overall Design, the 2018 American BookFest Best Book Awards for Biography and Interior Design, and the 2018 National Indie Indie Excellence Award for Biography. In 2019, the full text of the book was released online.

### Reuben G. Soderstrom Plaza

The Reuben G. Soderstrom Plaza was dedicated in Streator, Illinois on September 2, 2012. The date, officially proclaimed "Reuben Soderstrom Day" by Illinois Governor Pat Quinn, featured a day-long celebration and Labor Day Parade in which Soderstrom was posthumously honored as Grand Marshall. The Plaza features a bronze statue of Soderstrom by Peoria sculptor Lonnie Stewart, and is adorned by 12 plaques containing selected quotes from Soderstrom. The plaza was built through labor donated by David Raikes and the men and women of Laborers’ Local #393, Bricklayers #6 and #21, Electricians #176, Plumbers #130, Operating Engineers #150, Cement Masons #11 and the Illinois Valley Building Trades. Landscaping was provided by Jeff Berfeld.

### Reuben G. Soderstrom Foundation

The Reuben G. Soderstrom Foundation, an organization "dedicated to preserving and promoting the work and vision of Illinois AFL-CIO President Reuben G. Soderstrom," was founded in 2017. The foundation hosts an expanding digital archive of textual and audiovisual records, and promotes works and endeavors commemorating the life and legacy of Reuben Soderstrom.

### Streator Public Library

In 2017, the Streator Public Library, where the unschooled Reuben educated himself as a teenager, received a generous donation from the Reuben G. Soderstrom Foundation. The funds are being used to finance an extensive renovation of the library's reading room.

### University of Illinois School of Labor Dedication

On September 13, 2019, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign officially opened the Soderstrom Plaza, an outdoor commons connected to the School of Labor and Employment Relations (LER) featuring a statue of Reuben Soderstrom. The statue and the plaza, as well as an endowed professorship, were gifted by the Soderstrom Family Charitable Trust. The Petry Kuhne Co. also donated their time and work to set the statue in the plaza.

## InfoBox

| Reuben G. Soderstrom | |
| --- | --- |
| Soderstrom speaking in 1954 | |
|  | |
| 1st President of the Illinois AFL-CIO | |
| **In office**
1958–1970 | |
| Preceded by | *new organization* |
| Succeeded by | Stanley Johnson |
| 22nd President of the Illinois State Federation of Labor | |
| **In office**
1930–1958 | |
| Preceded by | R.G. Fitchie |
| Succeeded by | *organization dissolved* |
| Member of the Illinois House of Representatives | |
| **In office**
1918–1920 | |
| Preceded by | Ole Benson |
| Succeeded by | John Wylie |
| **In office**
1922–1936 | |
| Preceded by | John Wylie |
| Succeeded by | Jeremiah Wlash |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Reuben George Soderstrom
(1888-03-10)March 10, 1888
Waverly, Minnesota, U.S. |
| Died | December 15, 1970(1970-12-15) (aged 82)
Streator, Illinois, U.S. |
| Political party | Bull Moose (before 1918)
Republican (1918–1936)
Unaffiliated (1937-1970) |
| Spouse | Jeanne Shaw
(m. 1912; died 1951) |
| Children | Carl
Rose Jeanne |
| Residence | Streator, Illinois |
| Occupation | Linotypist, labor leader |
|  | |


title: Joculator rolani

abstract: Joculator rolani is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cerithiopsidae. The species was described by Cecalupo and Perugia in 2012.

text:
# Joculator rolani

***Joculator rolani*** is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Cerithiopsidae. The species was described by Cecalupo and Perugia in 2012.

## InfoBox

| *Joculator rolani* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| *Clade*: | Hypsogastropoda |
| Family: | Cerithiopsidae |
| Genus: | *Joculator* |
| Species: | ***J. rolani*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Joculator rolani***<br>Cecalupo & Perugia, 2012 | |
|


title: Zatriq, Rahovec

abstract: Zatriq or Zatrić is a village in municipality of Rahovec in Kosovo. Above the village there are the remains of fortress Zatriq. The village has Albanian ethnic majority.

text:
# Zatriq, Rahovec

**Zatriq** or **Zatrić** is a village in municipality of Rahovec in Kosovo. Above the village there are the remains of fortress Zatriq. The village has Albanian ethnic majority.

## InfoBox

| Zatriq Zatrić | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Aerial view of the hills North of Rahovec with the small village in the centre | |
| ZatriqLocation in Kosovo | |
| Coordinates: 42°27′29″N 20°37′34″E / 42.458°N 20.626°E / 42.458; 20.626 | |
| Location | Kosovo |
| District | Gjakova |
| Municipality | Rahovec |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 535 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Rebecca (disambiguation)

abstract: Rebecca is a biblical matriarch. Rebecca, or similar, may also refer to:

text:
# Rebecca (disambiguation)

**Rebecca** is a biblical matriarch.

**Rebecca**, or similar, may also refer to:

## Geography

## People with the name

## Arts, entertainment, and media

### Literature

### Films

### Songs

### Television

### Other uses in arts, entertainment, and media

## Science and technology

### Computing

* Rebeca (programming language), an actor-based programming language
* "RebeccaPurple", a hex color (#663399  ), used in various computer technologies

### Other

## Other uses


title: Mina Swaminathan

abstract: Mina Swaminathan was an Indian educationist in the field of pre-school education. As a teacher at St. Thomas's School, New Delhi, she developed methods using drama in education and language learning, both inside and outside the classroom. In children's drama, she developed techniques for creative improvisation, and in writing and production of documentary mime plays. Meena Swaminathan was married to Indian Agricultural Scientist, and "Father of Green Revolution" M.S. Swaminathan, whom she met in 1951 while they were both studying at Cambridge.

text:
# Mina Swaminathan

**Mina Swaminathan** (29 March 1933 – 14 March 2022) was an Indian educationist in the field of pre-school education. As a teacher at St. Thomas's School, New Delhi, she developed methods using drama in education and language learning, both inside and outside the classroom. In children's drama, she developed techniques for creative improvisation, and in writing and production of documentary mime plays. Meena Swaminathan was married to Indian Agricultural Scientist, and "Father of Green Revolution" M.S. Swaminathan, whom she met in 1951 while they were both studying at Cambridge.

## Early life

Swaminathan was born on 29 March 1933 to Mathuram and Subrahmanya Bhoothalingam. Her mother was a novelist and playwright who wrote in Tamil and English under the penname Krithika, while her father was an Indian civil servant and economist.

She earned her B.A.(Hons) in 1951 from Delhi University and B.A.(Hons) in 1953, Cambridge University. Her M.A.(English) in 1958 from Panjab University, earned her B.Ed. in 1956 from Central Institute of Education. She earned her M.A.(Cantab) in 1961 Economics from Cambridge University.

## Career

Swaminathan was an educator who focused on early childhood education and gender and development studies. She was the chairman of the committee that studied development of the pre-school child that was set up by the Indian Central Advisory Board of Education in 1970. The committee's recommendations became the basis for Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS), a program that targeted interventions in early childhood care and development.

Swaminathan was a consultant to UNESCO on early childhood care and education, as well as to UNICEF when she undertook assignments in Vietnam and Kampuchea. She was Secretary and later President of the Indian Association for Pre-school Education, as well as Editor of its journal, and a Member of the Central Advisory Board of Education (CABE). She was also part of the board of trustees in the non-profit M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation (MSSRF) based in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

She also focused her efforts on studying gender equality as an activist and also as a founding member of the Centre for Women's Development Studies, a woman and gender development organization, in 1980. She served as the center's vice-chairperson from 1987 through 1993. Her research focus included gender equality, women farmers' rights, rural poverty and its impact on women in rural communities, in addition to early childhood growth and education.

Swaminathan was the author of several books on the subject of drama and child development and contributed articles to leading publications. Her publications included manuals for teachers and day care workers on care and education of children below six, a study of day care for poor working women in India. She was a recipient of the Homi Bhabha fellowship in 1973.

## Select works

* Swaminathan, Mina (1991). "Child Care Services in Tamil Nadu". *Economic and Political Weekly*. **26** (52): 2988–2992. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 41625418.
* Swaminathan, Mina (1993). "Breast-Feeding and Working Mothers: Laws and Policies on Maternity and Child Care". *Economic and Political Weekly*. **28** (18): 887–891. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 4399677.
* Swaminathan, Mina (1993). "Breast-Feeding and Working Mothers". *Economic and Political Weekly*. **28** (39): 2099–2100. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 4400206.
* Swaminathan, Mina (1995). "A 'Miracle' Really, but Not Divine". *Economic and Political Weekly*. **30** (52): 3350–3351. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 4403612.
* Swaminathan, Mina (1996). "Innovative Child Care Programmes in India". *International Journal of Early Years Education*. **4** (2): 41–56. doi:10.1080/0966976960040204. ISSN 0966-9760.
* Swaminathan, Mina (1997). "Gender and Agricultural Workers". *Economic and Political Weekly*. **32** (30): 1919. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 4405685.
* Swaminathan, Mina (2003). "Training for Child Care and Education Workers in India". *International Journal of Early Years Education*. **2** (1): 67–76. doi:10.1080/09669760.2003.10807107. ISSN 0966-9760. S2CID 144745731.
* Swaminathan, Mina (2009). "Sixth Pay Commission: Class and Gender Bias". *Economic and Political Weekly*. **44** (14): 22–24. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 40278694.

## Personal life

Swaminathan was married to Indian agricultural scientist, M.S. Swaminathan, whom she met in 1951 while they were both studying at Cambridge. She was studying economics at Newnham College while he was pursuing his PhD at the school of agriculture in the same university. The couple married in 1955 after their return to India. They lived in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, and had three daughters and five grandchildren. Their daughters include, Dr. Soumya Swaminathan, the Chief Scientist at WHO, Dr. Madhura Swaminathan, Professor of Economics at the Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore and Nitya Rao, a Senior Lecturer in Gender Analysis and Development at the University of East Anglia.

Swaminathan died from natural causes at her home in Teynampet, Chennai on 14 March 2022, at the age of 88.

## InfoBox

| Mina Swaminathan | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1933-03-29)29 March 1933
Delhi, British Raj |
| Died | 14 March 2022(2022-03-14) (aged 88)
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Alma mater | Delhi University
Cambridge University |
| Occupation | Educationist |
| Spouse | M. S. Swaminathan (m. 1955) |
| Children | Three; including Soumya |


title: Mordellistena vera

abstract: Mordellistena vera is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Liljeblad in 1917.

text:
# Mordellistena vera

***Mordellistena vera*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordellistena* of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Liljeblad in 1917.

## InfoBox

| *Mordellistena vera* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordellistena* |
| Species: | ***M. vera*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordellistena vera***<br>Liljeblad, 1917 | |
|


title: Paul Minick

abstract: Paul Daniel Minick was an American football player and coach and film actor.

text:
# Paul Minick

**Paul Daniel Minick** (December 17, 1899 – December 22, 1978) was an American football player and coach and film actor.

## Early years

Minick was born in 1899 at Villisca, Iowa. He attended West High School in Des Moines, Iowa.

## University of Iowa

Minick enrolled at the University of Iowa in 1919 and played college football for the Iowa Hawkeyes football teams from 1920 to 1922, including the undefeated 1921 and 1922 teams. At the end of the 1922 season, Minick won first-team honors on both the 1922 All-Big Ten Conference football team and the 1922 All-America college football team.

## USC coach and Hollywood actor

After graduating from Iowa, Minick moved to Los Angeles where he became an assistant coach for the 1925 USC Trojans football team. He served as the line coach under head coach Howard Jones who had previously coached Iowa while Minick was a player.

While in Los Angeles, Minick also acted in Hollywood movies, including *College Days* (1926), *One Minute to Play* (1926), *Forever After* (1926), *The Poor Nut* (1927), and *The Drop Kick* (1927). He also worked for a time as a gardener and caretaker of Gloria Swanson's estate in Beverly Hills.

## Professional football

Minick also played professional football beginning in 1926 with the New York Yankees of the American Football League. He also played for Red Grange's all-star professional football team in 1926. He then played three years in the National Football League (NFL), mostly at the guard position, for the Buffalo Bisons (1927) and Green Bay Packers (1928–1929). He was a member of the 1929 Green Bay Packers that won the NFL championship. In 1929, the *Green Bay Press-Gazette* praised his contributions to the club:

> Paul is a smart line man and ... gained the distinction of being the Packers' leading guard. ... Minick follows the ball like a hawk. He seems to have a super football sense ... and often would pull out of his position and nail a carrier in his tracks.

Minick continued work in the Hollywood movie business in the off-season while playing for the Packers.

## Later years

Minick moved to Springfield, Missouri, in 1940 and worked as an insurance agent. His son, Peter David Minick, died in a car crash in 1957 while in college in Washington, DC. He died in Springfield in 1978 at age 79.

## InfoBox

Paul Minick
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born: | (1899-12-17)December 17, 1899
Villisca, Iowa, U.S. |
| Died: | December 22, 1978(1978-12-22) (aged 79)
Springfield, Missouri, U.S. |
| Height: | 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) |
| Weight: | 195 lb (88 kg) |
| Career information | |
| College: | Iowa (19201922) |
| Position: | Guard |
| Career history | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Games played: 23 | |
|  | |


title: Miloš Filipović

abstract: Miloš Filipović is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Kolubara.

text:
# Miloš Filipović

**Miloš Filipović** (Serbian Cyrillic: Милош Филиповић; born 9 May 1990) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Kolubara.

## Career

After youth school career playing for OFK Beograd, he joined to first team, but for first season, he was loaned to Mladost Apatin. Then, for season and half, he was playing for his home-club and made 14 appearances, he was loaned again, this time to Kolubara, where he was playing for one calendar year.

Then he moved to Timok, and later to Voždovac. He played only one league game for Voždovac before being loaned out to FK BSK Borča for the rest of the season. After Borča, for one season he played for Bosnian club FK Drina Zvornik.

In June 2015, Filipović signed a contract with Zrinjski Mostar. He won three consecutive Bosnian Premier League titles while at Zrinjski, and was also the top goalscorer of the 2017–18 season, scoring 16 goals.

On 22 April 2019, Filipović signed a three-year contract with Greek Super League club AEL, but he joined the club after his contract with Zrinjski expired on 31 May 2019. He made his debut for AEL on 25 August 2019, in a 1–1 away league draw against Atromitos Filipović terminated his contract with AEL on 3 January 2020.

On 4 January 2020, he came back to Zrinjski after only six months, signing a three-and-a-half-year contract with the club. The first goal Filipović scored since his return to the club was in a 1–1 Herzegovina derby draw against Široki Brijeg on 8 March 2020. On 16 October 2020, he scored a hat-trick in Zrinjski's 4–0 league win against Tuzla City. In June 2021, Filipović left Zrinjski.

## Career statistics

*As of match played on 30 May 2021.*

| Club | Season | League | | | Cup | | Continental | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Mladost Apatin (loan) | 2009–10 | Serbian First League | 25 | 3 |  | |  | | 25 | 3 |
| OFK Beograd | 2010–11 | Serbian SuperLiga | 12 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 15 | 0 |
| | 2011–12 | Serbian SuperLiga | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 2 | 0 |
| | Total | | 14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 17 | 0 |
| Kolubara (loan) | 2011–12 | Serbian First League | 6 | 0 |  | |  | | 6 | 0 |
| | 2012–13 | Serbian First League | 13 | 2 | 1 | 0 |  | | 14 | 2 |
| | Total | | 19 | 2 | 1 | 0 |  | | 20 | 2 |
| Timok | 2012–13 | Serbian First League | 17 | 6 |  | |  | | 17 | 6 |
| Voždovac | 2013–14 | Serbian SuperLiga | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 1 | 0 |
| BSK Borča (loan) | 2013–14 | Serbian SuperLiga | 24 | 5 | 1 | 0 |  | | 24 | 5 |
| Drina Zvornik | 2014–15 | Bosnian Premier League | 24 | 9 | 1 | 0 |  | | 25 | 9 |
| Zrinjski Mostar | 2015–16 | Bosnian Premier League | 22 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 25 | 5 |
| | 2016–17 | Bosnian Premier League | 13 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 19 | 4 |
| | 2017–18 | Bosnian Premier League | 32 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 34 | 16 |
| | 2018–19 | Bosnian Premier League | 23 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 6 | 1 | 31 | 8 |
| | Total | | 90 | 30 | 7 | 1 | 12 | 2 | 109 | 33 |
| AEL | 2019–20 | Super League Greece | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 5 | 0 |
| Zrinjski Mostar | 2019–20 | Bosnian Premier League | 3 | 1 | 1 | 0 |  | | 4 | 1 |
| | 2020–21 | Bosnian Premier League | 24 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 28 | 6 |
| | Total | | 27 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 32 | 7 |
| Career total | | | 246 | 61 | 13 | 1 | 17 | 3 | 276 | 65 |

## Honours

**Zrinjski Mostar**

### Individual

## InfoBox

Miloš Filipović
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1990-05-09) 9 May 1990 | | |
| Place of birth | Belgrade, SFR Yugoslavia | | |
| Height | 1.78 m (5 ft 10 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Attacking midfielder, right winger | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Kolubara | | |
| Number | 10 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | OFK Beograd | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2009–2012 | OFK Beograd | 14 | (0) |
| 2009–2010 | Mladost Apatin (loan) | 25 | (3) |
| 2012 | Kolubara (loan) | 19 | (2) |
| 2013 | Timok | 17 | (6) |
| 2013–2014 | Voždovac | 1 | (0) |
| 2013–2014 | BSK Borča (loan) | 24 | (5) |
| 2014–2015 | Drina Zvornik | 24 | (9) |
| 2015–2019 | Zrinjski Mostar | 90 | (30) |
| 2019–2020 | Larissa | 5 | (0) |
| 2020–2021 | Zrinjski Mostar | 27 | (6) |
| 2021–2022 | Kolubara | 43 | (8) |
| 2023 | Novi Pazar | 10 | (0) |
| 2023– | Kolubara | 32 | (9) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 28 July 2024 | | | |


title: Richard S. Molony

abstract: Richard Sheppard Molony was a U.S. Representative from Illinois. Born in Northfield, New Hampshire, Molony studied medicine. He graduated from Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, in 1838 and commenced the practice of his profession in Belvidere, Illinois. He served as delegate to the 1852 Democratic National Convention. Molony was elected as a Democrat to the 32nd United States Congress. He was not a candidate for renomination in 1852. He moved to Humboldt, Nebraska, and engaged in agricultural pursuits 1866–1891. In 1882 he declined the Democratic nomination for United States Senator from Nebraska on account of ill health. He was again a delegate to the Democratic National Convention at Chicago in 1884. He died in Humboldt, Nebraska, December 14, 1891. He was interred in Belvidere Cemetery, Belvidere, Illinois.

text:
# Richard S. Molony

**Richard Sheppard Molony** (June 28, 1811 – December 14, 1891) was a U.S. Representative from Illinois.

Born in Northfield, New Hampshire, Molony studied medicine. He graduated from Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, in 1838 and commenced the practice of his profession in Belvidere, Illinois. He served as delegate to the 1852 Democratic National Convention.

Molony was elected as a Democrat to the 32nd United States Congress (March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1852. He moved to Humboldt, Nebraska, and engaged in agricultural pursuits 1866–1891. In 1882 he declined the Democratic nomination for United States Senator from Nebraska on account of ill health. He was again a delegate to the Democratic National Convention at Chicago in 1884. He died in Humboldt, Nebraska, December 14, 1891. He was interred in Belvidere Cemetery, Belvidere, Illinois.

* United States Congress. "Richard S. Molony (id: M000846)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress

## InfoBox

| Richard S. Molony | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Illinois's 4th district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1851  March 3, 1853 | |
| Preceded by | John Wentworth |
| Succeeded by | James Knox |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1811-06-28)June 28, 1811
Northfield, New Hampshire |
| Died | December 14, 1891(1891-12-14) (aged 80)
Humboldt, Nebraska |
| Political party | Democratic |
|  | |


title: Pasaje Polanco

abstract: Pasaje Polanco, originally Pasaje Comercial, is an architecturally significant open-air shopping court with apartments on the upper levels along Avenida Masaryk in the Polanquito section of the Polanco neighborhood of Mexico City. It opened in 1938; Francisco J. Serrano was the architect. It is in Colonial californiano style, that is, a Mexican interpretation of the California interpretation of Spanish Colonial Revival architecture and Mission Revival architecture. It consists of an interior courtyard around which there are shops, restaurants, and cafés, with apartments on the upper floors. Shops on the Masaryk Avenue side also have entrances on that street, one of the city's most famous for luxury shopping.

text:
# Pasaje Polanco

**Pasaje Polanco**, originally **Pasaje Comercial**, is an architecturally significant open-air shopping court with apartments on the upper levels along Avenida Masaryk in the Polanquito section of the Polanco neighborhood of Mexico City. It opened in 1938; Francisco J. Serrano was the architect. It is in Colonial californiano style, that is, a Mexican interpretation of the California interpretation of Spanish Colonial Revival architecture and Mission Revival architecture. It consists of an interior courtyard around which there are shops, restaurants, and cafés, with apartments on the upper floors. Shops on the Masaryk Avenue side also have entrances on that street, one of the city's most famous for luxury shopping.

19°25′53″N 99°11′48″W / 19.43139°N 99.19667°W / 19.43139; -99.19667


title: Rhantus suturalis

abstract: Rhantus suturalis, commonly known as the supertramp beetle or cosmopolitan diving beetle, is a species of diving beetle (Dytiscidae) with a cosmopolitan distribution.

text:
# Rhantus suturalis

***Rhantus suturalis***, commonly known as the **supertramp beetle** or **cosmopolitan diving beetle**, is a species of diving beetle (Dytiscidae) with a cosmopolitan distribution.

## Description

Adult *Rhantus suturalis* range from 10.5 to 13.0 mm in length. The head is black with a pale anterior margin and a pale marking between the eyes, and the antennae and palps are also pale. The pronotum is pale with a usually well-defined dark mark in the middle. The elytra are pale brown and covered in fine punctures. The sternites of the abdomen are completely black. The legs are brown and often have the metatibiae and metatarsi darker. Males differ from females in the basal tarsomeres of the prolegs and midlegs being weakly dilated, and the protarsal claws being unequal and much shorter than the terminal tarsomere.

In Europe, *R. suturalis* coexists with the also-common species *R. exsoletus*, but that species has a vague black posterior margin to the pronotum instead of a central dark mark, and its abdominal sternites are yellow instead of black. In Australia, the only other *Rhantus* species is *R. simulans*, which is larger (12.8-13.5 mm) and only found in the country's southwest, unlike the more widespread *R. suturalis*.

Larvae are typical for larvae of Dytiscidae, with a flat head, crescent-shaped jaws and a segmented body. The legs are partially fringed with hairs, used in swimming. The end of the abdomen has a pair of cerci which are covered in setae. Fully grown larvae are about 15 mm long.

Pupae are covered in stiff hairs. These hairs keep the rest of the pupa off the mud of the pupation cell (see the "Life cycle" section below), which may help it avoid fungal infection and keep the surrounding air fresh.

## Life cycle

Breeding occurs in spring and early summer, with eggs being deposited among submerged debris. Larvae emerge a few days later. The larval stage lasts three weeks and involves three instars. Towards the end of the larval stage, larvae become temporarily inactive, then leave the water to dig a cell in which pupation occurs. The pupal stage may only last a few days, but adults remain inside the cell for a while longer to become pigmented and harden their exoskeletons. Finally, less than two weeks after the digging of the pupation cell, adults emerge.

Adults are present throughout the year. They are believed to overwinter in the water. In milder climates, they may remain active throughout the winter.

## Habitat

These beetles typically occur in small water bodies with little or no vegetation. They may be found in garden ponds, temporary pools, flooded tyre ruts, water butts and brackish water ponds.

## Diet

Adults and larvae are both predators whose preferred prey is mosquito larvae. Additionally, larvae can be cannibalistic.

Midge larvae and water fleas have also been described as prey of *R. suturalis*.

1. "Rhantus suturalis". *uk beetles*. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
2. "Cosmopolitan Diving Beetle (Rhantus suturalis) - JungleDragon". *www.jungledragon.com*. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
3. "Rhantus suturalis". *www.microcosmos.nl*. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
4. Hendrich, Lars; Balke, Michael (2021-04-09). "New records of the diving beetle Rhantus simulans Régimbart, 1908 in south-western Australia (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Colymbetinae)". *Check List*. **17** (2): 643–648. doi:10.15560/17.2.643. ISSN 1809-127X.
5. "Rhantus suturalis - larva (microcosmos.nl)". *www.microcosmos.nl*. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
6. "- Rhantus suturalis - pupa". *www.microcosmos.nl*. Retrieved 2023-02-20.
7. "Rhantus suturalis - arthropodafotos.de". *arthropodafotos.de*. Retrieved 2023-02-20.

## InfoBox

| *Rhantus suturalis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Dytiscidae |
| Genus: | *Rhantus* |
| Species: | ***R. suturalis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Rhantus suturalis***<br>(W.S. Macleay, 1825) | |
|


title: Jogeshwari East metro station

abstract: Jogeshwari (East) is an elevated metro station on the North-South corridor of the Red Line 7 of Mumbai Metro in Mumbai, India. This metro station was inaugurated on 20 January 2023 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

text:
# Jogeshwari East metro station

**Jogeshwari (East)** is an elevated metro station on the North-South corridor of the Red Line 7 of Mumbai Metro in Mumbai, India. This metro station was inaugurated on 20 January 2023 by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.

## Station layout

| **G** | Street Level | Exit/Entrance |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **L1** | Mezzanine | Fare control, station agent, Metro Card vending machines, crossover |
| **L2** | Side platform | Doors will open on the left | |
| | **Platform 2**
**Northbound** | Towards → Ovari Pada next station is Goregaon (East) |
| | **Platform 1**
**Southbound** | Towards ← Gundavali next station is Mogra |
| | Side platform | Doors will open on the left | |
| **L2** |  |  |
| |

### Power and signaling system

Like all other stations and railways of Mumbai metro, Jogeshwari (East) station also uses 25,000 volt AC power system by overhead catenary to operate the trains.

## Entry/Exits

* *UrbanRail.Net* – descriptions of all metro systems in the world, each with a schematic map showing all stations.

## InfoBox

|
Jogeshwari (East) | |
| --- | --- |
| Mumbai Metro station | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Geetanjali Railway Colony, Goregaon, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400063 |
| Coordinates | 19°08′35″N 72°51′18″E / 19.14302°N 72.85510°E / 19.14302; 72.85510 |
| Owned by | Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) |
| Operated by | Maha Mumbai Metro Operation Corporation Limited (MMMOCL) |
| Line(s) | Line 7 |
| Platforms | 2 (2 side platform) |
| Tracks | 2 |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Elevated, Double track |
| Platform levels | 2 |
| Parking | No |
| Accessible | Yes |
| History | |
| Opened | 20 January 2023 (2023-01-20) |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Mumbai Metro Following station  Goregaon Easttowards Ovaripada  Line 7  Mogratowards Gundavali | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | |


title: Zarin Mehta

abstract: Zarin Mehta is an Indian-Canadian arts executive who served as the president and executive director of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra from 2000 to 2012, in addition to various positions in the performing arts industry.

text:
# Zarin Mehta

**Zarin Mehta** (born 28 October 1938) is an Indian-Canadian arts executive who served as the president and executive director of the New York Philharmonic Orchestra from 2000 to 2012, in addition to various positions in the performing arts industry.

## Career

Mehta is a chartered accountant. During his career at the public accounting firm Coopers & Lybrand (1962-1981) in Montreal, he rose to partner. He was an accountant at Frederic B. Smart & Co., in London (1957-1962).

### Montreal Symphony Orchestra

Mehta was managing director of the Montreal Symphony Orchestra from 1981 to 1990.

### Ravinia Festival

Mehta was named executive director of the Ravinia Festival in 1990 and later became president and CEO. During his 10-year tenure he pioneered the jazz festival within Ravinia and a world music series.

### New York Philharmonic

Mehta was appointed New York Philharmonic executive director in September 2000 and received the additional role of president in June 2004. He was instrumental in securing the logistics for the 2008 New York Philharmonic visit to North Korea.

On 27 September 2010 Mehta announced he would step down as president and chief executive of the New York Philharmonic when his contract expires after the 2011-2012 season, after having spent 12 years at the Philharmonic.

### Sonoma State University

Mehta was named co-executive director of the Green Music Center at Sonoma State University in October 2013. Both artist Lang Lang and benefactor Sandy Weill were instrumental in his appointment. President of the university, Judy K. Sakaki, announced in December 2016 that as part of a plan to restructure Green Music Center management, a single executive director will be hired to fulfill the duties of both Mehta and the interim co-executive director, Stan Nosek.

Mehta's total pay and benefits during 2015 was $625,339.56. In 2015, Mehta was identified as the highest earning employee of the California State University system. Mehta retired from Sonoma State in 2017.

## Personal

He is the brother of Zubin Mehta and son of the late Mehli Mehta, founder of the Bombay Symphony Orchestra. He is married to Canadian soprano Carmen Lasky, who was previously married to his brother Zubin.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Zarin MehtaC.M. | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1938-10-28) 28 October 1938
Bombay, India |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Citizenship | Canada, India |
| Spouse | Carmen Lasky (m. 1966) |
| Children | 2 |
| Parent(s) | Mehli Mehta
Tehmina Daruvala |
| Relatives | Zubin Mehta (brother) |
| Awards | Bravo award, Dominican Republic, 1996
Arts Entrepreneurship award, Columbia College, 1997
Dushkin award, Music Institute of Chicago, 1998. |
| Notes | |
|  | |


title: Red Skin Kingz

abstract: Red Skin Kingz is a former native-only street gang that operated in the United States. They are sometimes abbreviated as RSK. The organized gang has been characterized by law enforcement as being immensely violent. The group acted in various illegal activities, such as drug trafficking, carjacking, kidnapping and murder. Members of the Red Skin Kingz acted predominantly in Lukachukai and other nearby places.

text:
# Red Skin Kingz

**Red Skin Kingz** is a former native-only street gang that operated in the United States. They are sometimes abbreviated as **RSK**. The organized gang has been characterized by law enforcement as being immensely violent. The group acted in various illegal activities, such as drug trafficking, carjacking, kidnapping and murder. Members of the Red Skin Kingz acted predominantly in Lukachukai and other nearby places.

1. "Dismantling a Violent Gang – Behind the Scenes of a Rare RICO Case in Indian Country". *fbi.gov*. August 10, 2018. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
2. Hunnicutt, John (May 10, 2018). "Navajo Red Skin Kingz Gang Sentenced For Murders, RICO Violatons". *arizonadailyindependent.com*. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
3. Wang, Bayan. "FBI: Murder led to dismantling of violent gang on Navajo Nation". *azcentral.com*. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
4. Fonseca, Felicia (May 10, 2018). "3 gang members head to prison for crimes on Navajo Nation". *washingtontimes.com*. Retrieved February 21, 2023.
5. "Community on Navajo Nation terrorized by 'Red Skin Kingz' gang". *indianz.com*. July 6, 2018. Retrieved February 21, 2023.

## InfoBox

Red Skin Kingz
RSK
| Founded | 2003 |
| --- | --- |
| Founding location | Lukachukai, Arizona |
| Territory | Eastern side of the Navajo Nation |
| Ethnicity | Native American |
| Leader(s) | Devan Edward Leonard |
| Activities | – drug trafficking
– carjacking
– kidnapping
– murder |
| Notable members | Kyle Filbert Gray
Lucille Jean Leonard |


title: Miners Protection Act

abstract: The Miners Protection Act is a bill to establish pension and health care benefits to mine workers and has been introduced to Congress 4 times since 2015 but has still not been voted on by the full Senate. The Miners Protection Act would be an amendment to the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act. The act would redirect extraneous funds from the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act to be funneled into miners pensions and health care.

text:
# Miners Protection Act

**The Miners Protection Act** is a bill to establish pension and health care benefits to mine workers and has been introduced to Congress 4 times since 2015 but has still not been voted on by the full Senate. The Miners Protection Act would be an amendment to the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act. The act would redirect extraneous funds from the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act to be funneled into miners pensions and health care.

## Background

Miners are currently disbursing pension and health care capital at a rate exceeding its income. The issue stems from a massive decline in the coal industry, causing the number of retired coal miners to exceed the amount of active miners. The decline of the coal industry and miners that contribute to the UMWA Health and Retirement Funds, results in their inability to provide coverage for retired coal miners. The Miners Protection Act would provide an increase in funds to the organizations that support retired coal miners, such as the United Mine Workers of America Pension Plan and Multiemployer Health Benefit Plan. Miners and their families that would qualify to receive benefits pursuant to the Miners Protection Act of 2017 are commissioned into either the Multiemployer Health Benefit Plan or the United Mine Workers of America Pension Plan during the period when the bill would be enacted. Funds are available to include disabled, retired, or deceased miners and their families. Moreover, miners who worked for coal companies that have declared bankruptcy, or maintain frozen accounts resulting from lawsuits, would also be eligible to receive funds. Although these miners would no longer receive healthcare benefits after April, 2017, the government extended this deadline. The Miners Protection Act is designed to ensure all coal miners have an equal opportunity to receive benefits guaranteed in their contracts, through government funding.

## History

### 2015

The Miners Protection Act was originally introduced in the U.S. Senate on July 7, 2015, by the Senator of West Virginia, Joe Manchin III. The Miners Protection Act was discussed in the 114th Congress between the House of Representatives and the Senate which passed on the bill to the Committee of Finance to further evaluate the proper use of government funds. The bill had bipartisan support and was cosponsored by 26 senators. Several Democratic senators (Donnelly, J-IN; Kaine, T- VA; Warner, M-VA; Scott, R-VA) and one Republican senator (Griffith, M- VA) made official statements to the public actively supporting the bill. The bill however, was never brought to the floor for a vote in the Senate.

### 2016

The Miners Protection Act was introduced again on November 16, 2016. The bill was then passed to the United States Committee of Finance for review, and it was recommended to pass. The bill was sponsored by Senator Orrin Hatch of Utah. The Miners Protection Act was not approved by all parts of Congress, and was thereby dismissed. The bill had no cosponsors from other senators. Coal miners have stated that many mine workers are depending on the bill to be passed. Coal miners' response to the second dismissal of the bill in the end of 2016 was to blame Mitch McConnell, the Senate majority leader, for the failure of the bill.

### 2017

The Miners Protection Act was reintroduced for the third time in the 115th Congress on January 3, 2017. The bill was proposed by Congressman David McKinley, a House of Representatives member from West Virginia. The bill had 78 cosponsors with bipartisan support in the House of Representatives. The majority of the bill's supporters were Democrats. Democratic leader in the House of Representatives, Nancy Pelosi, supported the "Miners Protection Act" and advocated for the bill to her constituents on December 8, 2016. The bill did not pass in the House of Representatives shortly after it was introduced. The Miners Protection Act was then introduced in the Senate by Senator Joe Manchin III of West Virginia on January 17, 2017. The bill had bipartisan support in the Senate with 27 cosponsors. The Miners Protection Act did not pass again in the senate, however, other laws came from this bill.

Mitch McConnell developed a proposal that would provide healthcare to miners indefinitely and became an official law in 2017 with the approval of President Donald Trump. This law was separate from the Miner Protection Act and only addressed certain parts of the issue miners are struggling with. The UMWA claims that Congress passed the part of the Miners Protection Act that only secures the health benefits of miners, but not their pensions. Miners were outraged, and said that the continuous dismissal of the Miners Protection Act was unlawful and unjust. However, Mitch McConnell claimed the passage of the bill as a victory for having a sustaining solution for the coal miner financial support of healthcare supplied by the U.S. government. Miners have mixed reactions to Mitch McConnell's law as they are satisfied with receiving coverage for their healthcare but, are still uneasy about the law avoiding funding towards miners' pensions. Miners are expecting the government to solve the pension crisis of the UMWA's Health and Retirement Funds running out of money for retired coal miner's pensions.

### 2019

The Miners Protection Act has not been resubmitted to Congress since 2017. However, other bills were created to address issues presented by the Miners Protection Act. Recently, Shelley Capito, Junior Senator of West Virginia, introduced the "Miners Pension Protection Act" on March 26, 2019. The bill would also amend the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act to provide funds to coal miners' pensions.

## Further reading


title: Paul G. Richards

abstract: Paul G. Richards is an English-born, American seismologist who has made fundamental contributions to the theory of seismic wave propagation and in methods to understand how the recorded shapes of seismic waves are affected by processes of diffraction, attenuation and scattering. He is the Mellon Professor of the Natural Sciences at Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University.

text:
# Paul G. Richards

**Paul G. Richards** (born March 1943) is an English-born, American seismologist who has made fundamental contributions to the theory of seismic wave propagation and in methods to understand how the recorded shapes of seismic waves are affected by processes of diffraction, attenuation and scattering. He is the Mellon Professor of the Natural Sciences at Lamont–Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University.

## Education

Richards was born in England and attended Cambridge University where he earned his Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) in Mathematics in 1965 and Caltech where he earned his Master of Science (M.S.) in Geology in 1966 and his Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Geophysics in 1970. His thesis title was, "A contribution to the theory of high frequency elastic waves, with applications to the shadow boundary of the Earth's core."

## Academic career

From 1979 to 1996, Richards was Professor of Geological Sciences, Columbia University and from 1996 to present, he is Professor of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University. Since 1997, he has been the Mellon Professor of the Natural Sciences, Columbia University. He has taken a number of academic leaves, including years in Washington working on nuclear arms control in the U.S. Department of State, and four sabbaticals taken in New Zealand, at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and as a Phi Beta Kappa lecturer.

He co-authored with Keiiti Aki "Quantitative Seismology: theory and methods". He is the author of more than 130 peer-reviewed publications. He has an H-index of 21. His most cited publications are Song and Richards (1996) (199 citations) and Richards and Menke (1983) (169 citations).

## Honors

His professional memberships include the Seismological Society of America, Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Royal Astronomical Society, American Geophysical Union (Fellow since 1977), Arms Control Association, American Association for the Advancement of Science (Fellow since 1993), Council on Foreign Relations, International Society of Explosives Engineers, and American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Fellow). He is involved in nuclear explosion monitoring and arms control has been a member of the Seismic Review Panel (SRP) for the U.S. Air Force Technical Applications Center (AFTAC) from 1985 to present. Richards received the Harry Fielding Reid medal of the Seismological Society of America in 2010.

## Important publications

* Song, X., and P.G. Richards (1996), Seismological evidence for differential rotation of the Earth's inner core, Nature, 382, 221-224.
* Richards, P.G. and W. Menke (1983), The apparent attenuation of a scattering medium, Bull. Seism. Soc. Amer., 73, 1005-1021.
* Keiiti Aki, Paul G. Richards (2002), Quantitative Seismology: Theory and Methods, University Science Books, 2002, ISBN 0-935702-96-2, ISBN 978-0-935702-96-5, 700 pages.

## InfoBox

| Paul G. Richards | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | March 1943
England |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | University of Cambridge (B.A.)
California Institute of Technology (M.S., Ph.D.) |
| Known for | Theory of seismic wave propagation |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Seismology
Geology
Geophysics |
| Institutions | Columbia University |
|  | |


title: Milton, California

abstract: Milton is an unincorporated community in Calaveras County, California. It lies at an elevation of 394 feet and is located at 38°01′55″N 120°51′08″W. The community is in ZIP code 95684 and area code 209. Milton was established in 1871 when the Stockton and Copperopolis Railroad, later a Southern Pacific Railroad branch, was completed. The town was named for railroad engineer Milton Latham. As the terminus of the railroad, Milton was a staging point for travelers completing their journeys by wagon or stagecoach. The town today is registered as California Historical Landmark #262. A post office was established in 1871 and closed in 1942.

text:
# Milton, California

38°01′55″N 120°51′08″W / 38.03194°N 120.85222°W / 38.03194; -120.85222

**Milton** is an unincorporated community in Calaveras County, California. It lies at an elevation of 394 feet (120 m) and is located at 38°01′55″N 120°51′08″W / 38.03194°N 120.85222°W / 38.03194; -120.85222. The community is in ZIP code 95684 and area code 209.

Milton was established in 1871 when the Stockton and Copperopolis Railroad, later a Southern Pacific Railroad branch, was completed. The town was named for railroad engineer Milton Latham. As the terminus of the railroad, Milton was a staging point for travelers completing their journeys by wagon or stagecoach.

The town today is registered as California Historical Landmark #262.

A post office was established in 1871 and closed in 1942.

## Politics

In the state legislature, Milton is in the 8th Senate District, represented by Democrat Angelique Ashby, and the 5th Assembly District, represented by Republican Joe Patterson. Federally, Milton is in California's 4th congressional district, represented by Democrat Mike Thompson.

## InfoBox

| Milton | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| MiltonLocation in CaliforniaMiltonMilton (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 38°01′55″N 120°51′08″W / 38.03194°N 120.85222°W / 38.03194; -120.85222 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | Calaveras County |
| Elevation | 394 ft (120 m) |
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| California Historical Landmark | |
| Reference no. | 262 |
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