title: Mayflower Council

abstract: The Mayflower Council of the Boy Scouts of America serves the MetroWest and southeastern regions of Massachusetts.

text:
# Mayflower Council

The **Mayflower Council** of the Boy Scouts of America serves the MetroWest and southeastern regions of Massachusetts.

## History

On March 28, 2017, Knox Trail Council and Old Colony Council voted to merge and create a new, combined council. The merger was executed on May 10, 2017, using the name "Council 251" to represent the new council until August 30, 2017, when the name "Mayflower Council" was selected. The council was headquartered at the former Knox Trail Council headquarters in Marlborough, Massachusetts, and the former Old Colony Council headquarters in Canton, Massachusetts was used as a satellite location. On October 2, 2020, the council moved into its new service center at 83 Cedar Street in Milford. Massachusetts.

## Districts

Mayflower Council is separated into 5 districts. They are:

* **Cranberry Harbors District**
* **Headwaters District**
* **Metacomet District**
* **Post Road District**
* **Sachem District**

## Camps

Mayflower Council owns and operates 3 camps. They are Camp Squanto within Myles Standish State Forest in Plymouth, Massachusetts, Camp Resolute in Bolton, Massachusetts, and Nobscot Scout Reservation on Nobscot Hill in Sudbury, Massachusetts.

### Camp Squanto

Camp Squanto is a 650-acre (2.6 km2) camping facility located in Plymouth, Massachusetts, deep in the woods of Myles Standish State Forest. For seven weeks in the summer trained staff run a long-term camping experience for troops and individuals totalling nearly 2,000. During other weekends throughout the year, Camp Squanto is available to various groups and activities, such as Troop or Webelos camping, band camps, retreats, Order of the Arrow events, Klondike Derbies, Parent-Son Weekends, among others. The camp attracts 20,000 weekend visitors annually.

#### 1925-1949: Bloody Pond

Although the Brockton Council of the Boy Scouts of America, the precursor of the Squanto Council, was formed in 1919, the first Camp Squanto was not opened until 1925.

The new camp was located on an 18.5-acre (75,000 m2) site on the west side of Bloody Pond in Plymouth, Massachusetts. In the spring of 1925, after an old farmhouse on the property was taken down, a combined dining and recreation hall was built. This building had facilities for 125 campers and staff, including a stone fireplace, a kitchen, storerooms, and an office for the camp.

A waterfront area with a U-shaped swimming dock, a lookout tower, and a fleet of canoes and rowboats was set up on the shore of the pond. An old bog on the former farm was converted into a sports field, and a campfire ring was built on a knoll near the waterfront. Parking and service areas were laid out in the rear of the dining hall, and an old farm woodshed was repaired for use as a crafts center during the camping season as well as off-season storage.

The first camping season started in the first week of July 1925. It was decided to call the new facility Camp Squanto, in honor of the Patuxet Indian, Tisquantum, whose aid to the Pilgrims in Plymouth helped them survive the first few difficult years of their settlement.

Although the first Scouts to camp at Camp Squanto lived in tents, these were gradually replaced with Adirondack shelters. The Scouts were divided into tribes, the Dakota, Comanche, Blackfoot, and Apache, thus establishing a tradition of naming campsites after various Indian tribes which continues today at Camp Squanto.

In 1932, the Brockton Scout Council which had previously included only the city of Brockton was expanded to take in the surrounding communities of Abington, Avon, Bridgewater, Duxbury, Halifax, Hanover, Hanson, Kingston, Marshfield, Pembroke, Plymouth, Plympton, Rockland, West Bridgewater, and Whitman and the new council adopted the Squanto name.

#### 1950–present: Fawn Pond

In the 1940s, the increased number of Scouts in the Squanto Council could no longer be accommodated with the limited facilities at the Bloody Pond site and a search was started for a larger area. In 1948/1949, a site containing several 100 acres (400,000 m2) was found which included the north and west shores of Fawn Pond in Plymouth. This land was given to the council by LeBaron R. Barker, a local cranberry grower and landowner.

In July 1949 a group of staff leaders and Scouters surveyed the new area and marked out the locations for future development. in the fall of the same year, a formal survey and layout of the camp was made. Since the winter of 1949/1950 was a mild one, many of the Scout troops in the council were able to work at cutting out brush and trees to prepare the sites for buildings and roads.

During the spring of 1950, some thirty-five new buildings were put up with the help of construction crews and the Engineering Service of the National Boy Scout Council. The first building constructed was the Director's Lodge, followed by the Staff/Office/Trading Post, and the Health Lodge.

The Dining Hall was put up in May and June and was ready for the opening of camp in July. In the meantime, lean-tos, toilets, a craft building, and winter lodges were built throughout the camp. With the completion of the chapel near the waterfront in the second week of the camp season, the first phase of development in the new camp was over.

In addition to the many buildings, a water system, sewage system, unit camping areas, a waterfront area, sports area, campfire/amphitheater, nature study areas, rifle and archery range, and other facilities were set up to make Camp Squanto one of the finest in the United States, a distinction it has maintained throughout the years.

During the 1950s and 1960s, the Squanto Spirit made itself evident in many ways. The Feast of Mondamin, an interpretation of the Song of Hiawatha paying tribute to the Great Spirit of the Indian nations, attracted over 2,000 spectators and was broadcast on the Boston television stations. Each of the troops in camp built a mound or small hill, reflecting the activities of various Indian tribes which had contributed to the history and growth of the philosophy of brotherhood which characterizes the Spirit of Squanto.

In later years, this Feast of Mondamin was incorporated into the impressive camp opening and closing ceremonies, which are witnessed annually by hundreds of campers, Scout leaders, parents, and families. This yearly reminder of the Spirit which is Squanto continues to be one of the highlights of each camping season at Camp Squanto.

The Spirit of Squanto showed itself again during this period when the adjoining Camp Cachalot was burnt to the ground by a forest fire which ravaged the area but spared most of Camp Squanto. The staff, Scout campers, and Scout leaders of Camp Cachalot were made welcome at Camp Squanto and shared the camp facilities until their own camp could be rebuilt.

One of the most active areas of camp during these years was the waterfront. The natural sandy beach on Fawn Pond was cleaned and extended to provide space for additional aquatic activities. The first watch tower was built out of logs by the camp staff. Later, with funds from the George W. Magee Memorial Fund, a more permanent tower was put up. Although the design of the dock and the composition of the waterfront fleet has changed over the years, some of the original boats and canoes are still in use after providing thousands of hours of pleasure and instruction to many Scouts during the years. Some of the most popular of these watercraft were the "whaleboats," old Navy launches which were donated as training craft and swimming platforms.

With the opening of camp in July 1950, a new era of camping in the Squanto Council was initiated. Since then, Camp Squanto has continued to grow, improve, and provide for the needs of Scouts and Scouters. An important factor in this growth has been the Squanto spirit, which has distinguished the camp since its beginnings. This growth has been especially pronounced from 1969 to the present time.

In 1970, the Squanto Council and the Old Colony Council merged. The tremendous growth in Scout attendance at camp coupled with the need for year-round building maintenance was recognized, and a year-round camp ranger was hired. Since the new Old Colony council took in most of the South Shore of Massachusetts from Weymouth and Braintree on the north to Plymouth in the south and Walpole on the west with a total of 41 towns, the need for more open space to provide for the needs of the Scouts and Scouters in the area became very real.

One of the first acts of the new council was the purchase of additional area abutting Fawn Pond which made it possible for the camp to control two-thirds of the land around the pond. An added bonus was the working cranberry bog included in the purchase. With the help of the Order of the Arrow and countless other volunteers, all the camp buildings were repaired and repainted.

### Camp Resolute

Camp Resolute is a 325-acre (1.32 km2) camp located on Little Pond in Bolton, Massachusetts. The camp was founded in 1919 on the shores of Little Pond. The facility offers many activities for campers to do such as swimming, boating, hiking, rock climbing, rappelling, and ropes courses. It is the only Boy Scout camp in New England and one of 8 in the country to be accredited by the American Camping Association. Officially named the E. Paul Robsham Scout Reservation, the camp celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2019. The Boy Scout camp occupies one half of the lake while the reservations Cub Scout day camp occupies the other.

## Tantamous Lodge

| Tantamous Lodge | |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 2017 |
| Lodge Chief | Rad Bucko |
| Lodge Adviser | Mike O'Keeffe |
| Staff Adviser | Aaron Christian |
|  | |
| **Website**
http://www.tantamous.org | |
|

Mayflower Council's Order of the Arrow lodge is **Tantamous #223**, which was formed from Old Colony Council's Tisquantum Lodge #164 and Knox Trail Council's Chippanyonk Lodge #59 when the councils merged in 2017.

### Chapters

Tantamous Lodge is separated into five chapters which serve their respective districts. They are:

* **Japeechen Chapter - Serves Sachem District**
* **Ktemaque Chapter - Serves Metacomet District**
* **Manomet Chapter - Serves Cranberry Harbors District**
* **Musketahquid Chapter - Serves Post Road District**
* **Taunkacoo Chapter - Serves Headwaters District**

## InfoBox

| Mayflower Council | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Owner | Boy Scouts of America |
| Headquarters | Milford, Massachusetts |
| Country | United States |
| Founded | 2017 |
| President | Ian Johnson |
| Council Commissioner | Josh Paulin |
| Scout Executive | Juan Osorio |
|  | |
| **Website**
www.mayflowerbsa.org | |
|


title: Mwanza District

abstract: Mwanza is a district in the Southern Region of Malawi. The capital is Mwanza. The district covers an area of 2,259 km² and has a population of 138,015. Mwanza is a border town whose economy is based largely on transport. The agricultural economy for many years has depended upon citrus fruits as Mwanza is one of the few areas of the country where the climate is favourable for the growth of such crops. However, for over a decade production has been falling and the citrus industry has been in decline, despite efforts by the citrus growers association ZIPATSO. Mwanza in 2003 was split into two districts, Neno and Mwanza, under the decentralisation program. Neno's population is 75,000.

text:
# Mwanza District

**Mwanza** is a district in the Southern Region of Malawi. The capital is Mwanza. The district covers an area of 2,259 km² and has a population of 138,015.

Mwanza is a border town whose economy is based largely on transport. The agricultural economy for many years has depended upon citrus fruits (tangerine, lemon and grapefruit) as Mwanza is one of the few areas of the country where the climate is favourable for the growth of such crops. However, for over a decade production has been falling and the citrus industry has been in decline, despite efforts by the citrus growers association ZIPATSO.

Mwanza in 2003 was split into two districts, Neno and Mwanza, under the decentralisation program. Neno's population is 75,000.

## Demographics

At the time of the 2018 Census of Malawi, the distribution of the population of Mwanza District by ethnic group was as follows:

## Government and administrative divisions

There are two National Assembly constituencies in Mwanza:

* Mwanza - Central
* Mwanza - West

Since the 2009 election both constituencies have been held by members of the Democratic Progressive Party.

15°35′S 34°35′E / 15.583°S 34.583°E / -15.583; 34.583


title: Philip Morris Playhouse

abstract: Philip Morris Playhouse is a 30-minute old-time radio dramatic anthology series. The program "[g]enerally... featured straight and crime drama," radio historian John Dunning wrote. He noted that one of the directors was William Spier, who "had directed Suspense in its salad days and brought to The Philip Morris Playhouse the same slick production" that was used in Suspense. Philip Morris Playhouse was broadcast on CBS June 30, 1939 – February 18, 1944, then returned to the air November 5, 1948 – July 29, 1949. The 1948 edition replaced a giveaway show, Everybody Wins. Its third and final incarnation on radio was a bit more complicated, as explained on The Digital Deli Too website: The emerging popularity of between three and five other popular playhouse formats of the early 1950s persuaded Philip Morris to resurrect its Philip Morris Playhouse a third time as Phillip Morris Playhouse On Broadway, beginning with its initial CBS run on March 15, 1951. Emphasizing Broadway productions, the subsequent series ran over CBS for twenty-six installments, only to jump to NBC on September 11, 1951. The series ran on NBC for the remainder of 1951, jumping back to CBS on January 13, 1952. CBS aired the remainder of the canon through September 2, 1953. In 1951, a trade publication reported that the program's annual budget was $1 million.

text:
# Philip Morris Playhouse

***Philip Morris Playhouse*** is a 30-minute old-time radio dramatic anthology series.

The program "\[g\]enerally ... featured straight and crime drama," radio historian John Dunning wrote. He noted that one of the directors was William Spier, who "had directed *Suspense* in its salad days and brought to *The Philip Morris Playhouse* the same slick production" that was used in *Suspense*.

*Philip Morris Playhouse* was broadcast on CBS June 30, 1939 – February 18, 1944, then returned to the air (again on CBS) November 5, 1948 – July 29, 1949. The 1948 edition replaced a giveaway show, *Everybody Wins*. Its third and final incarnation on radio was a bit more complicated, as explained on The Digital Deli Too website:

> The emerging popularity of between three and five other popular playhouse formats of the early 1950s persuaded Philip Morris to resurrect its *Philip Morris Playhouse* a third time as *Phillip Morris Playhouse On Broadway*, beginning with its initial CBS run on March 15, 1951. Emphasizing Broadway productions, the subsequent series ran over CBS for twenty-six installments, only to jump to NBC on September 11, 1951. The series ran on NBC for the remainder of 1951, jumping back to CBS on January 13, 1952. CBS aired the remainder of the canon through September 2, 1953.

In 1951, a trade publication reported that the program's annual budget was $1 million.

## Background and format

*Philip Morris Playhouse* evolved from an earlier radio program, *Johnny Presents*, which featured both music and a dramatic segment in each episode. That program's name referred to Johnny Roventini (sometimes known as "Little Johnny"), a dwarf bellhop who made famous the advertising slogan "Call for Philip Morris." In 1939, the segments were separated to create two programs, a musical show featuring Johnny Green on NBC and the drama-oriented *Philip Morris Playhouse* on CBS.

A newspaper article published when the show resumed in 1948 summarized its format as it replaced a giveaway show, saying, "Instead of a carload full of prizes, the listeners will get big-name Hollywood and Broadway stars in a weekly series based mostly on original scripts of a crime-mystery nature with a strong psychological element."

The program did not have a regular cast, relying instead on guest actors and actresses from week to week. In the words of a 1949 article in Sponsor magazine, "*Playhouse* uses name stars." Those featured during its time on the air compose a virtual Who's Who of entertainment. Sylvia Sidney, Claude Rains, Eddie Cantor, Tallulah Bankhead, Burgess Meredith, Maureen O'Sullivan, Lana Turner, Joan Bennett, Franchot Tone, Raymond Massey, Pat O'Brien, Brian Donlevy and George Raft are but a sample of the overall list.

With stars changing from week to week, responsibility for the quality and success of *Philip Morris Playhouse* lay largely in the hands of its director. For most of the program's run, that director was William Spier, who a 1949 magazine article said "is generally rated radio's top-notch creator of suspense-type dramas." Spier's dedication to quality was such that he took a recorder along on a vacation in Europe. After he returned, a magazine article reported, "He's come back with a batch of authentic sound effects for future use, among them the chimes of the Cathedral of Notre Dame, the roar of \[an English\] Channel storm and the characteristic sounds of European trains."

As the title indicates, *Philip Morris Playhouse* was sponsored by Philip Morris, a cigarette company. The company was active in old-time radio, with one source reporting, "Philip Morris and Company was ... one of the most prolific sponsors of Radio throughout the Golden Age," sponsoring more than 40 programs over the years.

Having the company's name in the title essentially provided free advertising; every time the program's name appeared somewhere, it was more publicity for the Philip Morris company as well. The arrangement also had other effects, however. One history of old-time radio commented: "When a nationally known company sponsored a show, they were not only paying the bills, they were putting their image and reputation on the line. Especially if the show bore the name of the company.... So if there was any hanky-panky going on with the stars or with anyone connected with the show, it was a direct reflection of the prestige and image of the sponsoring product. Not only that – it hurt sales."

## Philip Morris Intercollegiate Acting Competition

In the 1950s, *Philip Morris Playhouse On Broadway* offered an unusual opportunity for college students. For three seasons, the Philip Morris Intercollegiate Acting Competition gave each winning student a role in one episode and $250 for the performance. Additionally, at the end of each season, one overall winner was selected. He or she received $2,000 and an opportunity to perform in a stage production. One website reported, "Reaching out to college campuses across the nation, *Philip Morris Playhouse On Broadway* afforded a total of forty-two aspiring thespians the chance to perform opposite some of the finest Film and Stage performers of the era." Robert Culp and James Garner were two of the competition's winners.

The competition was promoted via advertisements in newspapers on college campuses. In a typical ad, part of the text read,

> ATTENTION ALL COLLEGE STUDENTS. Every Tuesday Evening over NBC, PHILIP MORRIS PLAYHOUSE presents an Outstanding College Student Featured with Famous Hollywood Stars in the PHILLIP MORRIS Intercollegiate Acting Competition.

## TV version

A short-lived television version of *Philip Morris Playhouse* ran on CBS from October 8, 1953, until March 4, 1954. Kent Smith was the host for the program, which one reference source said "was hastily ordered by sponsor Philip Morris after its first offering in that time slot, *Pentagon Confidential*, was blasted by the critics." Broadcast live from New York, the episodes' genres varied from comedy to melodrama. Stars included Eddie Albert, Nina Foch, Franchot Tone and Vincent Price. Joseph Papp served as director for the series as he had more TV experience than any of the directors from the radio version.

## Episodes

Selected episodes are listed below.

### 1941

| Date | Title | Star |
| --- | --- | --- |
| September 5 | *Yellow Jack* | NA |
| September 12 | *One Way Passage* | NA |
| September 19 | *Angels with Dirty Faces* | Sylvia Sidney |
| September 26 | *A Man to Remember* | NA |
| October 3 | *June Moon* | Eddie Cantor |
| October 10 | *The Little Foxes* | Tallulah Bankhead |
| October 17 | *Wuthering Heights* | Raymond Massey and Sylvia Sidney |
| October 24 | *Night Must Fall* | Maureen O'Sullivan and Burgess Meredith |
| October 31 | *My Favorite Wife* | Madeleine Carroll and Burgess Meredith |
| November 7 | *Made for Each Other* | Martha Scott |
| November 14 | *The Devil and Miss Jones* | Lana Turner |
| November 21 | *Girl in the News* | Joan Bennett |
| November 28 | *You Only Live Once* | Burgess Meredith |
| December 5 | *Stage Door* | Geraldine Fitzgerald |

### 1942

| Date | Title | Star |
| --- | --- | --- |
| January 23 | *The Great McGinty* | Brian Donlevy |
| February 13 | *Vivacious Lady* | Madeleine Carroll |
| April 17 | *The Man Who Played God* | Raymond Massey |
| June 12 | *No Time for Comedy* | Melvyn Douglas |
| June 19 | *Take a Letter, Darling* | Melvyn Douglas |
| June 26 | *Friendly Enemies* | Charles Winninger, Charlie Ruggles |
| July 3 | *This Gun for Hire* | Marlene Dietrich |
| July 10 | *The Man Who Came to Dinner* | Monty Woolley |
| July 31 | *Man Hunt* | Robert Montgomery |
| August 14 | *The Maltese Falcon* | Edward Arnold |

## InfoBox

Philip Morris Playhouse
| Genre | Dramatic anthology |
| --- | --- |
| Running time | 30 minutes |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Language(s) | English |
| Syndicates | CBS |
| Hosted by | Charles Martin |
| Announcer | Joe King
Bud Collyer
Ken Roberts
Art Ballinger
Nelson Case
Carl Frank |
| Written by | Morton Fine
David Friedkin
Milton Geiger
David Ellis
John Hobish
Harold Swanton |
| Directed by | William Spier
Jack Johnstone
Charles Martin |
| Produced by | William Spier |
| Original release | June 30, 1939
September 2, 1953 |
| Opening theme | *On the Trail* from *Grand Canyon Suite* |
| Sponsored by | Philip Morris cigarettes |


title: Alice Balch Abbot

abstract: Alice Balch Abbot was an American writer of fiction for young readers.

text:
# Alice Balch Abbot

**Alice Balch Abbot** (February 11, 1867 – February 23, 1937) was an American writer of fiction for young readers.

## Early life and education

Alice Balch Abbot was born in Brooklyn, New York, and raised in East Orange, New Jersey, the daughter of Abiel Abbot and Alice March Balch Abbot. She attended the Dana Hall School and graduated from Mount Holyoke College in 1889. Her younger sister Frances Holmes Abbot followed her, and graduated from the same college in 1894.

## Career

Abbot wrote short stories for the youth magazine *St. Nicholas*, and a novel for young readers, *A Frigate's Namesake* (1901). Of her story "Nan Merrifield's Choice" (1894), one reviewer commented that "Miss Abbot has constructed a stirring and touching story that whoso misses will lose the full appreciation of Abraham Lincoln that is the duty of all true Americans." Some of her published stories were illustrated by notable artists, including Francis Day and George Edmund Varian. She also contributed to a collaborative novel, *A Novelty Novel* (1889).

She was active in the Mount Holyoke Alumnae Association in New York City.

## Publications

* "Dee and Jay" (1893)
* "Nan Merrifield's Choice" (1894)
* "A Daughter of the Revolution" (1895)
* "How Cousin Marion Helped" (1897)
* *A Frigate's Namesake* (1901)
* "By Virtue of Phebe's Wit" (1902, 1909)

## Personal life

Abbot died in 1937, at the age of 70, at her home in New Brighton, Staten Island.

## InfoBox

| Alice Balch Abbot | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1867-02-11)February 11, 1867
New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Died | February 23, 1937(1937-02-23) (aged 70)
New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Other names | Alice Balch Abbott (variant spelling) |
| Occupation | Writer |


title: Museo Civico di Teramo

abstract: Museo Civico di Teramo is an art museum in Teramo, Abruzzo.

text:
# Museo Civico di Teramo

**Museo Civico di Teramo** (Italian for *Civic Museum of Teramo*) is an art museum in Teramo, Abruzzo.

## History

The museum collections mainly derived from suppressed ecclesiastic institutions during the years 1868 and 1888. Initially, the works were displayed in a palace next to the church of Sant'Anna. The discovery of ancient Roman items in town, expanded the collections.

## Collections

Among the works on display are:

1. "Pinacoteca civica di Teramo" (in Italian). Ministero dei beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo. Retrieved 31 May 2016.
2. Official site of museum Archived 2006-05-07 at the Wayback Machine.

42°39′42″N 13°41′51″E / 42.6618°N 13.6976°E / 42.6618; 13.6976

## InfoBox

Museo Civico di Teramo
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Location within Abruzzo | |
| Location | Teramo |
| Type | Art museum |


title: Ďolíček

abstract: Ďolíček Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Prague district Vršovice, Czech Republic. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Bohemians Praha 1905. The stadium was opened on 27 March 1932 for a match against SK Slavia Prague. The reconstruction of 2003 changed the capacity to 13,388. After reconstruction in summer 2007, its capacity was reduced to 9,000. Bohemians 1905 were not allowed to keep the stand sector, they changed it into seats, which reduced the capacity further, to 7,500. In the 2010–11 and 2011–12 seasons, Bohemians played its home matches at Synot Tip Arena, and Ďolíček was only used for the Bohemians 1905 "B" team. In 2011, councillors of the city district of Prague 10 approved a proposal to purchase the stadium.

text:
# Ďolíček

**Ďolíček Stadium** is a multi-purpose stadium in Prague district Vršovice, Czech Republic. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of Bohemians Praha 1905. The stadium was opened on 27 March 1932 for a match against SK Slavia Prague. The reconstruction of 2003 changed the capacity to 13,388 (3,028 seated). After reconstruction in summer 2007, its capacity was reduced to 9,000 (3,800 seated). Bohemians 1905 were not allowed to keep the stand sector, they changed it into seats, which reduced the capacity further, to 7,500 (all seated).

In the 2010–11 and 2011–12 seasons, Bohemians played its home matches at Synot Tip Arena, and Ďolíček was only used for the Bohemians 1905 "B" team.

In 2011, councillors of the city district of Prague 10 approved a proposal to purchase the stadium.

## Transport

The stadium is served by trams, the local stop immediately south of Ďolíček, formerly known as *Oblouková*, was renamed *Bohemians* in September 2012. Services 7 and 24 serve the stop. Another stop, *Vršovické náměstí*, north of the site, is served by tram services 4 and 22. The Praha-Vršovice railway station is around ten minutes' walk from the stadium.

## InfoBox

Ďolíček
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Full name | Městský stadion Ďolíček |
| Former names | Dannerův stadion (1932-1948) |
| Location | Vršovická 1489/31, Vršovice
Prague, Czech Republic, 101 00 |
| Coordinates | 50°04′01″N 14°27′15″E / 50.06694°N 14.45417°E / 50.06694; 14.45417 |
| Owner | municipality of Prague |
| Operator | Bohemians Praha 1905 |
| Capacity | 6,300 |
| Record attendance | 18,000
Bohemians Praha 1905 1-3 SK Slavia Praha, March 27, 1932 |
| Field size | 105m x 68m |
| Surface | Grass |
| Construction | |
| Broke ground | 1930 |
| Built | 1930-1932 |
| Opened | March 27, 1932 |
| Renovated | 1971, 2003, 2007 |
| Tenants | |
| Bohemians Praha 1905 (1932–2010, 2012–
FK Pardubice (2020–2023) | |
| Website | |
| www.bohemians.cz | |


title: Peter Friend (author)

abstract:
Peter Friend is a New Zealand born science fiction writer who won the Sir Julius Vogel Award for fiction three times. His stories have been published in Asimov's Science Fiction, Aurealis, Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine and elsewhere. The stories he has won awards for are:
  - "The Good Earth"
  - "The Alchemist" - Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine #8 which tied for first with “A Plea for Help” - by Kevin G Maclean
  - "The Real Deal" published in Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine, July 2005
  - He also had a story shortlisted for the 2005 Sir Julius Vogel Award: "The Christmas Tree" - published in Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine

text:
# Peter Friend (author)

**Peter Friend** is a New Zealand born science fiction writer who won the Sir Julius Vogel Award for fiction three times. His stories have been published in Asimov's Science Fiction, Aurealis, Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine and elsewhere.

The stories he has won awards for are:

* "The Good Earth" (2002 Sir Julius Vogel Award)
* "The Alchemist" - Andromeda Spaceways Inflight Magazine #8 which tied for first with “A Plea for Help” - by Kevin G Maclean (2004 Sir Julius Vogel Award)
* "The Real Deal" published in *Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine*, July 2005 (2006 Sir Julius Vogel Award)
* He also had a story shortlisted for the 2005 Sir Julius Vogel Award: "The Christmas Tree" - published in *Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine*

## Short films

Peter has also won both the Hobbyist Category and Overall prizes at the 2007 Moviefest short film competition, for a 5-minute animated film entitled 'Monocular'.

1. Locus Index to SF awards Archived 2007-09-09 at the Wayback Machine
* SFFANZ - Sir Julius Vogel homepage


title: Roger Griffiths

abstract: Roger Griffiths is an English actor who has had several roles in television. He first rose to prominence opposite Lenny Henry as Gareth Blackstock's foil Everton Stonehead in BBC One 1990s sitcom Chef!. Before starring in Chef, Griffiths played a minor role as a news reporter in the Channel 4 British sitcom Desmond's in 1990. Later in 1990, he appeared in an episode of Birds of a Feather, series two, episode 4 ‘Muesli’ as Daryl's fellow inmate. Following the run of Chef!, Griffiths played a pirate named Captain Kevin in the BBC educational numeracy television series Numbertime. Since then, Griffiths has played recurring characters on British soap operas. In 1999 and 2000 he played the role of DS Paul Timpney on police drama The Bill for five episodes. He joined the cast of Holby City in 2006, after a run on EastEnders as DI Riddick and on Family Affairs as Gabriel Drummond. He was a series regular in Vexed (2010–2012) and BBC One's Lenny Henry In Pieces in 2003. In 2010 he appeared in the Only Fools and Horses prequel, Rock ‘n’ Chips as Clayton Cooper. In 2016, he played the part of Newton Farrell in the Death in Paradise episode, “The Blood Red Sea". He rejoined the cast of EastEnders in 2018 as Mitch Baker, the father of Keegan Baker. He left the series in December 2023. Griffiths has also had minor film roles, and a minor role in a Doctor Who episode. In 2018 he appeared in series 5 of Still Open All Hours.

text:
# Roger Griffiths

**Roger Griffiths** (born 6 February 1965) is an English actor who has had several roles in television.

He first rose to prominence opposite Lenny Henry as Gareth Blackstock's foil Everton Stonehead in BBC One 1990s sitcom *Chef!*. Before starring in *Chef*, Griffiths played a minor role as a news reporter in the Channel 4 British sitcom *Desmond's* in 1990. Later in 1990, he appeared in an episode of Birds of a Feather, series two, episode 4 ‘Muesli’ as Daryl's fellow inmate.

Following the run of *Chef!*, Griffiths played a pirate named Captain Kevin in the BBC educational numeracy television series Numbertime.

Since then, Griffiths has played recurring characters on British soap operas. In 1999 and 2000 he played the role of DS Paul Timpney on police drama *The Bill* for five episodes. He joined the cast of *Holby City* in 2006, after a run on *EastEnders* as DI Riddick and on *Family Affairs* as Gabriel Drummond. He was a series regular in Vexed (2010–2012) and BBC One's *Lenny Henry In Pieces* in 2003. In 2010 he appeared in the Only Fools and Horses prequel, Rock ‘n’ Chips as Clayton Cooper. In 2016, he played the part of Newton Farrell in the *Death in Paradise* episode, “The Blood Red Sea". He rejoined the cast of *EastEnders* in 2018 as Mitch Baker, the father of Keegan Baker. He left the series in December 2023.

Griffiths has also had minor film roles (such as *Batman Begins* and *Buffalo Soldiers*), and a minor role in a *Doctor Who* episode. In 2018 he appeared in series 5 of *Still Open All Hours*.

1. Green, Kris (10 April 2006). "Roger Griffiths joins 'Holby City". *Digital Spy*.

## InfoBox

| Roger Griffiths | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1965-02-06) 6 February 1965
England |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1986–present |
| Television | *Chef!*
*Family Affairs*
*EastEnders* |


title: Muazam Ali

abstract:
Muazam Ali is a British former first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and leg-break bowler who played for Durham between 1999 and 2000. He was born in Leytonstone. He is of Pakistani origin. Ali made his debut for Durham in List A cricket during the 1999 season, having played Second XI cricket since 1997, for the second elevens of Durham and Essex. Ali participated in the County Championship during 2000, however, with an average of just 5 runs, he was cut from the first team as Durham were relegated to Division Two. Ali was a middle-order batsman during his season of cricket. Muazam Ali is a British cricketer and at youth level he was one of the most prolific scorers, he was also awarded not once but twice with the MCC Lords Taverners Award. He was a right-handed batsman and leg-break bowler who played for Durham between 1998 and 2000. Ali was brought to Durham by the legendary Graham Gooch in 1999 when he was the batting coach. There was very high expectations on him with people such as Gooch and Clive Radley particularly championing his credentials and ability. He was born in Whipps Cross, London.
Ali made his debut for Durham in List A cricket during the 1999 season, having played Second XI cricket since 1995, for the second elevens of Durham and Essex. Ali participated in the County Championship during 2000, however, he was released from the first team as Durham were relegated to Division Two and decided to seek pastures new.
Ali was a middle-order batsman during his professional cricket career. However, in one-day cricket he did open the batting and had a better run of luck.

text:
# Muazam Ali

**Muazam Ali** (born 23 October 1979) is a British former first-class cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and leg-break bowler who played for Durham between 1999 and 2000. He was born in Leytonstone. He is of Pakistani origin.

Ali made his debut for Durham in List A cricket during the 1999 season, having played Second XI cricket since 1997, for the second elevens of Durham and Essex. Ali participated in the County Championship during 2000, however, with an average of just 5 runs, he was cut from the first team as Durham were relegated to Division Two.

Ali was a middle-order batsman during his season of cricket.

Muazam Ali (born 23 October 1979) is a British cricketer and at youth level he was one of the most prolific scorers, he was also awarded not once but twice with the MCC Lords Taverners Award.
He was a right-handed batsman and leg-break bowler who played for Durham between 1998 and 2000.
Ali was brought to Durham by the legendary Graham Gooch in 1999 when he was the batting coach. There was very high expectations on him with people such as Gooch and Clive Radley (MCC Head Coach) particularly championing his credentials and ability. He was born in Whipps Cross, London.
Ali made his debut for Durham in List A cricket during the 1999 season, having played Second XI cricket since 1995, for the second elevens of Durham and Essex. Ali participated in the County Championship during 2000, however, he was released from the first team as Durham were relegated to Division Two and decided to seek pastures new.
Ali was a middle-order batsman during his professional cricket career. However, in one-day cricket he did open the batting and had a better run of luck.

* Muazam Ali at Cricket Archive (subscription required)
* at The Northern Echo
* at The Hampshire Chronicle
* at Cricinfo.com

## InfoBox

| Muazam Ali | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 23 October 1979<br>Leytonstone, England, United Kingdom |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation | First-class cricketer |


title: Hans Strelow

abstract: Hans Strelow was a Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II, a fighter ace credited with 68 enemy aircraft shot down in over 200 combat missions, all of which claimed over the Eastern Front. Born in Berlin, Strelow volunteered for military service in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany in 1939. Following flight training, he was posted to Jagdgeschwader 51 in 1941 and participated in Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union. He claimed his first aerial victory on 25 June 1941. In February 1942, Strelow was appointed Staffelkapitän of the 5. Staffel of JG 51. Following his 52nd aerial victory, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 18 March 1942. Six days and 14 aerial victories later, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves making him the youngest recipient of the Oak Leaves. Following a forced landing behind enemy lines, Strelow committed suicide on 22 May 1942 to avoid capture by Soviet forces.

text:
# Hans Strelow

**Hans Strelow** (26 March 1922 – 22 May 1942) was a Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II, a fighter ace credited with 68 enemy aircraft shot down in over 200 combat missions, all of which claimed over the Eastern Front.

Born in Berlin, Strelow volunteered for military service in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany in 1939. Following flight training, he was posted to *Jagdgeschwader* 51 (JG 51—51st Fighter Wing) in 1941 and participated in Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union. He claimed his first aerial victory on 25 June 1941. In February 1942, Strelow was appointed *Staffelkapitän* (squadron leader) of the 5. *Staffel* (5th squadron) of JG 51. Following his 52nd aerial victory, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 18 March 1942. Six days and 14 aerial victories later, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves making him the youngest recipient of the Oak Leaves. Following a forced landing behind enemy lines, Strelow committed suicide on 22 May 1942 to avoid capture by Soviet forces.

## Early life and career

Strelow was born on 26 March 1922 in Berlin of the Weimar Republic, the son of a teacher at a *Volksschule*. Following graduation from school, he joined the military service of the Luftwaffe in 1939. Following flight training as a fighter pilot, he was posted to the 5. *Staffel* (5th squadron) of *Jagdgeschwader* 51 "Mölders" (JG 51—51st Fighter Wing), a squadron of II. *Gruppe* (2nd group) of JG 51, in 1941 holding the rank of *Leutnant* (second lieutenant). At the time, II. *Gruppe* was commanded by *Hauptmann* Josef Fözö, and 5. *Staffel* was headed by *Oberleutnant* Hans Kolbow.

## World War II

World War II in Europe had begun on Friday, 1 September 1939, when German forces invaded Poland. In early June 1941, II. *Gruppe* of JG 51 was withdrawn from the English Channel and ordered to Dortmund where the unit was reequipped with the Messerschmitt Bf 109 F series. On 10 June, II. *Gruppe* began transferring east and was located at Siedlce. On 22 June, German forces launched Operation Barbarossa, the German invasion of the Soviet Union. JG 51, under the command of *Oberstleutnant* Werner Mölders, was subordinated to II. *Fliegerkorps* (2nd Air Corps), which as part of *Luftflotte* 2 (Air Fleet 2). JG 51 area of operation during Operation Barbarossa was over the right flank of Army Group Center in the combat area of the 2nd Panzer Group as well as the 4th Army.

### Operation Barbarossa

On 23 June, II. *Gruppe* followed the German advance and relocated 100 kilometers (62 miles) east to an airfield at Terespol on the Bug. Two days later, the *Gruppe* claimed 28 Tupolev SB-2 bombers shot down, including Strelow's first aerial victory claimed northeast of Vyhanaščanskaje Lake. The German advance required the *Gruppe* to relocate approximately 220 kilometers (140 miles) east to an airfield at Nowo-Hutkowo near Slutsk on 28 June. Two days later, II. *Gruppe* engaged in aerial combat near Babruysk where Strelow claimed his second aerial victory when he shot down a Ilyushin DB-3 bomber. For these victories, Strelow received the Iron Cross 2nd Class (*Eisernes Kreuz 2. Klasse*) on 5 July. The German advance reached the Dnieper on 9 July.

German forces breached the Stalin Line and II. *Gruppe* was moved to an airfield at Stara Bychow, approximately 50 kilometres (31 miles) south of Mogilev on the Dnieper on 12 July. Operating from this airfield on 16 July, Strelow claimed a Vultee V-11 attack aircraft which was an Ilyushin Il-2 attack aircraft. That day, 5. *Staffel* commanding officer Kolbow was killed in action and was replaced by *Leutnant* Hans-Joachim Steffens. Steffens was killed in action on 30 July and command of 5. *Staffel* was then given to *Oberleutnant* Hartmann Grasser. Following further relocations, II. *Gruppe* reached an airfield at Schatalowka, present-day Shatalovo air base, 40 kilometers (25 miles) southeast of Smolensk, on 17 August. The *Gruppe* claimed eleven aerial victories on 30 August, including three by Strelow who shot down two Petlyakov Pe-2 bombers an I-18 fighter, an early German designation for a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-1 fighter. On 23 August, elements of II. *Gruppe* also operated from an airfield near Gomel. On 6 September, Strelow claimed another I-18 fighter followed by an I-61 fighter, an early German designation for a Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-3 fighter, the following day near Konotop. On 10 September, the *Gruppe* relocated again and moved to Novhorod-Siverskyi situated on the bank of the Desna River. On 13 September, Strelow claimed DB-3 bomber followed by a Pe-2 bomber east of Konotop the next day, taking his total to eleven aerial victories claimed. For this, Strelow received the Iron Cross 1st Class (*Eisernes Kreuz 1. Klasse*) on 14 September.

The *Gruppe* relocated to Sechtschinskaja, approximately 40 km (25 mi) southeast of Roslavl, on 23 September from where the unit flew missions in the combat area east of Konotop. That day, Strelow claimed an I-18 fighter shot down. On 4 October during the Battle of Moscow, II. *Gruppe* moved to Sevsk for four days. Here Strelow claimed three aerial victories over DB-3 bombers on 5 October. On 11 October, the *Gruppe* was briefly detached from the *Geschwaderstab* (headquarters unit) of JG 51 and ordered east to Oryol. There, the *Gruppe* was subordinated to *Gefechtsverband Schönborn* (Detachment Schönborn), named after the commander of *Sturzkampfgeschwader* 77 (StG 77—77th Diver Bomber Wing), *Major* Clemens Graf von Schönborn-Wiesentheid. Strelow was awarded the Honour Goblet of the Luftwaffe (*Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe*) on 24 November. Two days later, II. *Gruppe* relocated to an airfield at Kaluga, ending the assignment to *Gefechtsverband Schönborn*. Operating from Kaluga, Strelow claimed a Pe-2 bomber shot down on 5 December northwest of Kashira.

On 30 December, II. *Gruppe* moved to the Bryansk Airfield where the aircraft were serviced in hangars and the pilots had shelters. From Bryansk, II. *Gruppe* supported the 2nd Panzer Group as well as the 4th Army in the combat area southwest of Moscow. Here, Strelow claimed his first aerial victories in 1942 on 4 January when he shot down two I-61 fighters. On 13 January, II. *Gruppe* claimed thirteen aerial victories including two Polikarpov R-Z reconnaissance bomber aircraft by Strelow. On 27 January, Strelow was credited with the destruction of an I-26 fighter, an early German designation for a Yakovlev Yak-1 fighter.

### Squadron leader and death

On 1 February 1942, Strelow was appointed *Staffelkapitän* (squadron leader) of 5. *Staffel* of JG 51. He succeeded *Oberleutnant* Horst Geyer who had temporarily led the *Staffel* after its former commander, Grasser had taken command of II. *Gruppe* of JG 51. Strelow was credited with his first aerial victories as *Staffelkapitän* on 4 February when he claimed four aerial victories on two separate combat missions, the first in the area of Yukhnov, and the second near Kaluga. Strelow claimed his 40th aerial victory on 28 February, a Pe-2 bomber shot down east of Bryansk.

On 18 March, Strelow was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (*Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes*) for 52 aerial victories. That day, he became an "ace-in-a-day", claiming seven aerial victories. Six days and 14 aerial victories later, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (*Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub*) on 24 March for 66 aerial victories. He was the 84th and youngest member of the German armed forces to be so honored. The award was presented by Adolf Hitler at the *Führerhauptquartier* (Führer Headquarters) at Rastenburg on 26 March 1942. On 30 March, the *Luftwaffenpersonalamt* (staff department) of the *Reichsluftfahrtministerium* (Ministry of Aviation) deferred a preferential promotion to *Oberleutnant* (first lieutenant) on account of his young age. Following the award presentation, Strelow went on home leave.

Following his return to his unit, II. *Gruppe* was still based at Bryansk but periodically also operated from airfields at Oryol and Dugino. On 18 May, Strelow claimed his 67th aerial victory when he shot down a MiG-3 fighter. Four days later, Strelow committed suicide after he was shot down by a Pe-2 twin-engine bomber in his Bf 109 F-2 "Black 10" (*Werknummer* 8239factory number). He had made a forced landing 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) behind Soviet lines near Mtsensk and killed himself to avoid capture by the Red Army. He was succeeded by *Oberleutnant* Karl-Heinz Schnell as commander of 5. *Staffel*.

## Summary of career

### Aerial victory claims

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Strelow was credited with 68 aerial victories. Obermaier lists him with 68 aerial victories claimed in over 200 combat missions. Mathews and Foreman, authors of *Luftwaffe Aces – Biographies and Victory Claims*, researched the German Federal Archives and found documentation for 68 aerial victory claims, all of which claimed on the Eastern Front.

| Chronicle of aerial victories | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| This and the ♠ (Ace of spades) indicates those aerial victories which made Strelow an "ace-in-a-day", a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day.
This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman. | | | | | | | | | |
| Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location | Claim | Date | Time | Type | Location |
| – 5. *Staffel* of *Jagdgeschwader* 51 –
Operation Barbarossa — 22 June – 5 December 1941 | | | | | | | | | |
| 1 | 25 June 1941 | 10:55 | SB-2 | northeast of Vyhanaščanskaje Lake | 13 | 5 October 1941 | 14:26 | DB-3 | northeast of Sevsk |
| 2 | 30 June 1941 | 14:55 | DB-3 | Babruysk | 14 | 5 October 1941 | 14:28 | DB-3 | northeast of Sevsk |
| 3 | 16 July 1941 | 16:16 | V-11 (Il-2) | east of Stara Bychow | 15 | 5 October 1941 | 14:29 | DB-3 | northeast of Sevsk |
| 4 | 30 August 1941 | 14:51 | Pe-2 |  | 16 | 13 October 1941 | 11:20 | R-3? |  |
| 5 | 30 August 1941 | 14:53 | Pe-2 |  | 17 | 14 October 1941 | 11:15 | Il-2 |  |
| 6 | 30 August 1941 | 15:03 | I-18 (MiG-1) |  | 18 | 29 October 1941 | 07:22 | Pe-2 |  |
| 7 | 6 September 1941 | 16:22 | I-18 (MiG-1) |  | 19 | 1 November 1941 | 14:23 | I-15? | east of Oryol |
| 8 | 7 September 1941 | 17:17 | I-61? | west of Konotop | 20 | 1 November 1941 | 15:30 | I-16? | east of Oryol |
| 9 | 9 September 1941 | 15:05 | R-3? |  | 21 | 5 November 1941 | 09:57 | Douglas (Boston) |  |
| 10 | 13 September 1941 | 13:08 | DB-3 |  | 22 | 6 November 1941 | 10:13 | DB-3 |  |
| 11 | 14 September 1941 | 06:23 | Pe-2 | east of Konotop | 23 | 15 November 1941 | 10:25 | DB-3 |  |
| 12 | 23 September 1941 | 16:23 | I-18 (MiG-1) |  | 24 | 5 December 1941 | 10:55 | Pe-2 | northwest of Kashira |
| – 5. *Staffel* of *Jagdgeschwader* 51 –
Eastern Front — 6 December 1941 – 30 April 1942 | | | | | | | | | |
| 25 | 14 December 1941 | 12:04 | DB-3 | northeast of Aleksin | 46 | 9 March 1942 | 11:32 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 26 | 14 December 1941 | 12:20 | Pe-2 | northeast of Kaluga | 47 | 9 March 1942 | 13:35 | Pe-2 |  |
| 27 | 15 December 1941 | 12:35? | I-16 |  | 48 | 11 March 1942 | 13:37 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 28 | 4 January 1942 | 12:35 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  | 49 | 16 March 1942 | 08:35 | I-26 (Yak-1) |  |
| 29 | 4 January 1942 | 12:39 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  | 50 | 16 March 1942 | 09:25 | I-18 (MiG-1) |  |
| 30 | 13 January 1942 | 11:15 | R-Z? |  | 51 | 16 March 1942 | 13:52 | Pe-2 |  |
| 31 | 13 January 1942 | 11:18 | R-Z? |  | 52 | 16 March 1942 | 16:35 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 32 | 27 January 1942 | 12:40 | I-26 (Yak-1) |  | 53♠ | 18 March 1942 | 12:16 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 33 | 4 February 1942 | 10:35 | R-Z? |  | 54♠ | 18 March 1942 | 12:18 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 34 | 4 February 1942 | 10:40 | I-18 (MiG-1)? | south of Yukhnov | 55♠ | 18 March 1942 | 12:26? | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 35 | 4 February 1942 | 15:30 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  | 56♠ | 18 March 1942 | 12:48 | Pe-2 |  |
| 36 | 4 February 1942 | 15:35 | I-61 (MiG-3) | east of Kaluga | 57♠ | 18 March 1942 | 16:12 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 37 | 15 February 1942 | 15:40 | I-18 (MiG-1) |  | 58♠ | 18 March 1942 | 16:15 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 38 | 16 February 1942 | 07:20 | Pe-2 | east of Bryansk | 59♠ | 18 March 1942 | 16:18 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 39 | 18 February 1942 | 11:11 | SB-2 |  | 60 | 19 March 1942 | 07:40 | I-18 (MiG-1) |  |
| 40 | 28 February 1942 | 09:56 | Pe-2 | east of Bryansk | 61 | 19 March 1942 | 07:50 | I-18 (MiG-1) |  |
| 41 | 6 March 1942 | 13:55 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  | 62 | 19 March 1942 | 07:55 | Pe-2 |  |
| 42 | 6 March 1942 | 14:00 | I-61 (MiG-3) |  | 63 | 19 March 1942 | 13:53? | I-61 (MiG-3) |  |
| 43 | 6 March 1942 | 17:00 | U-2 |  | 64 | 21 March 1942 | 12:35 | I-26 (Yak-1) |  |
| 44 | 6 March 1942 | 17:10 | I-18 (MiG-1) |  | 65 | 21 March 1942 | 12:52 | I-26 (Yak-1) |  |
| 45 | 8 March 1942 | 10:53 | U-2 |  | 66 | 21 March 1942 | 14:55 | Pe-2 |  |
| – 5. *Staffel* of *Jagdgeschwader* 51 –
Eastern Front — 1 – 22 May 1942 | | | | | | | | | |
| 67 | 18 May 1942 | 08:18 | MiG-3 |  | 68 | 22 May 1942 | 17:15 | Pe-2 | east of Mtsensk |

### Awards

### Citations

1. Bergström, Antipov & Sundin 2003, p. 17.
2. Stockert 2012, p. 390.
3. Aders & Held 1993, p. 248.
4. Prien et al. 2003, p. 277.
5. Prien et al. 2003, p. 266.
6. Prien et al. 2003, p. 206.
7. Prien et al. 2003, pp. 266, 280.
8. Prien et al. 2003, pp. 267, 280.
9. Aders & Held 1993, p. 91.
10. Prien et al. 2003, pp. 269, 282.
11. Prien et al. 2003, p. 271.
12. Prien et al. 2003, pp. 11, 272, 284.
13. Prien et al. 2003, pp. 11, 285.
14. Prien et al. 2003, pp. 272, 285.
15. Prien et al. 2003, pp. 277, 286.
16. Prien et al. 2003, p. 274.
17. Prien et al. 2003, pp. 275, 287.
18. Prien et al. 2005, p. 79.
19. Prien et al. 2005, pp. 81, 93.
20. Prien et al. 2005, pp. 82, 94.
21. Prien et al. 2005, p. 90.
22. Prien et al. 2005, p. 94.
23. Weal 2001, p. 45.
24. Weal 2006, p. 78.
25. Stockert 2012, p. 391.
26. Page 2020, pp. 100–101.
27. Prien et al. 2006, pp. 280, 293.
28. Prien et al. 2006, p. 295.
29. Musciano 1982, pp. 90–91.
30. Bergström & Mikhailov 2001, p. 115.
31. Aders & Held 1993, pp. 108–109.
32. Prien et al. 2006, p. 293.
33. Zabecki 2014, p. 1616.
34. Obermaier 1989, p. 49.
35. Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1286–1287.
36. Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1286.
37. Prien et al. 2003, p. 280.
38. Prien et al. 2003, p. 286.
39. Prien et al. 2003, p. 282.
40. Prien et al. 2003, p. 284.
41. Prien et al. 2003, p. 287.
42. Prien et al. 2003, p. 285.
43. Prien et al. 2005, p. 93.
44. Prien et al. 2005, p. 95.
45. Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1287.
46. Prien et al. 2005, p. 96.
47. Thomas 1998, p. 362.
48. Patzwall 2008, p. 201.
49. Scherzer 2007, p. 731.
50. Fellgiebel 2000, pp. 415, 505.
51. Fellgiebel 2000, p. 59.

### Bibliography

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* Bergström, Christer \[in Swedish\]; Mikhailov, Andrey (2001). *Black Cross / Red Star Air War Over the Eastern Front, Volume II, Resurgence January–June 1942*. Pacifica, California: Pacifica Military History. ISBN 978-0-935553-51-2.
* Bergström, Christer \[in Swedish\]; Antipov, Vlad; Sundin, Claes (2003). *Graf & Grislawski – A Pair of Aces*. Hamilton MT: Eagle Editions. ISBN 978-0-9721060-4-7.
* Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer \[in German\] (2000) \[1986\]. *Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile* \[*The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches*\] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
* Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). *Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 4 S–Z*. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-21-9.
* Musciano, Walter (1982). *Messerschmitt Aces*. New York: Arco. ISBN 978-0-668-04887-3.
* Obermaier, Ernst (1989). *Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945* \[*The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945*\] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
* Page, Neil (2020). *Day Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe 1939–42*. Philadelphia, PA: Casemate Publishers. ISBN 978-1-61200-849-3.
* Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008). *Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg* \[*The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War*\] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
* Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2003). *Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 6/I—Unternehmen "BARBAROSSA"—Einsatz im Osten—22.6. bis 5.12.1941* \[*The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 6/I—Operation "BARBAROSSA"—Action in the East—22 June to 5 December 1941*\] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-69-4.
* Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2005). *Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/I—Winterkampf im Osten—6.12.1941 bis 30.4.1942* \[*The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/I—Winter War in the East—6 December 1941 to 30 April 1942*\] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-76-2.
* Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006). *Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/II—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1.5.1942 bis 3.2.1943* \[*The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/II—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943*\] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-77-9.
* Scherzer, Veit (2007). *Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives* \[*The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives*\] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2.
* Stockert, Peter (2012) \[1996\]. *Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 1* \[*The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 1*\] (in German) (4th ed.). Bad Friedrichshall, Germany: Friedrichshaller Rundblick. ISBN 978-3-9802222-7-3.
* Thomas, Franz (1998). *Die Eichenlaubträger 1939–1945 Band 2: L–Z* \[*The Oak Leaves Bearers 1939–1945 Volume 2: L–Z*\] (in German). Osnabrück, Germany: Biblio-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-7648-2300-9.
* Weal, John (2001). *Bf 109 Aces of the Russian Front*. Aircraft of the Aces. Vol. 37. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-084-1.
* Weal, John (2006). *Jagdgeschwader 51 "Mölders"*. Aviation Elite Units. Vol. 22. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84603-045-1.
* Zabecki, David T., ed. (2014). *Germany at War: 400 Years of Military History*. Santa Barbara, California: ABC-Clio. ISBN 978-1-59884-981-3.
* *Die Wehrmachtberichte 1939–1945 Band 2, 1. Januar 1942 bis 31. Dezember 1943* \[*The Wehrmacht Reports 1939–1945 Volume 2, 1 January 1942 to 31 December 1943*\] (in German). München, Germany: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag GmbH & Co. KG. 1985. ISBN 978-3-423-05944-2.

## InfoBox

| Hans Strelow | |
| --- | --- |
| Strelow as a *Leutnant* | |
| Born | 26 March 1922
Berlin, Germany |
| Died | 22 May 1942(1942-05-22) (aged 20)
east of Mtsensk, Soviet Union |
| Allegiance | Nazi Germany |
| Service/branch | Luftwaffe |
| Rank | *Leutnant* (second lieutenant) |
| Unit | JG 51 "Mölders" |
| Commands | 5./JG 51 |
| Battles/wars | *See battles* |
| Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves |


title: May Blitz (album)

abstract: May Blitz is the self-titled debut album by British/Canadian power trio May Blitz. It was released in 1970 by Vertigo Records in the UK, and Paramount Records in the US.

text:
# May Blitz (album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| Billboard | (favourable) |

***May Blitz*** is the self-titled debut album by British/Canadian power trio May Blitz. It was released in 1970 by Vertigo Records in the UK, and Paramount Records in the US.

## Track listing

All songs written and composed by Hudson/Newman/Black Side one 1. Smoking the Day Away - 8:21
2. I Don't Know - 4:45
3. Dreaming - 6:35

Side two 1. Squeet - 6:51
2. Tomorrow May Come - 4:48
3. Fire Queen - 4:18
4. Virgin Waters - 7:01

## Personnel

* James Black — guitars, lead vocals
* Reid Hudson — bass, backing vocals
* Tony Newman — drums, vibes, congas, bongos

* Producer – May Blitz
* Artwork – Tony Benyon
* Engineer – Barry Ainsworth
* Composers – May Blitz

## InfoBox

| May Blitz | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by May Blitz | |
| Released | 1970 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 40:24 |
| Label | Vertigo (UK)
Paramount (US)
Akarma (Reissue) |
| Producer | May Blitz |
| May Blitz chronology | |
| ***May Blitz***
(1970) *2nd of May*
(1971) | |


title: Xitiangezhuang

abstract: Xitiangezhuang Town is a town located in the Miyun District of Beijing, China. It lies on the north of Bai River's alluvial plain. The town borders Shicheng Town in the north, Xiwengzhuang and Miyun Towns in the east, Shilipu Town in the south, as well as Beifang and Huaibei Towns in the west. It had a total population of 33,702 as of 2020. The name Xitiangezhuang comes from Xitiangezhuang Village, the place where the town's government is seated.

text:
# Xitiangezhuang

**Xitiangezhuang Town** (simplified Chinese: 西田各庄镇; traditional Chinese: 西田各莊鎮; pinyin: *Xītiángèzhuāng zhèn*) is a town located in the Miyun District of Beijing, China. It lies on the north of Bai River's alluvial plain. The town borders Shicheng Town in the north, Xiwengzhuang and Miyun Towns in the east, Shilipu Town in the south, as well as Beifang and Huaibei Towns in the west. It had a total population of 33,702 as of 2020.

The name Xitiangezhuang (Chinese: 西田各庄; lit. 'West Tian Family Villa') comes from Xitiangezhuang Village, the place where the town's government is seated.

## History

Timeline of Xitiangezhuang's History
| Year | Status | Within |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1947 - 1949 | Xitiangezhuang Town, part of the 7th District | Yihua County, Peiping |
| 1949 - 1950 | | Miyun County, Hebei |
| 1950 - 1953 | | Xitiangezhuang Town, part of the 2nd District |
| 1953 - 1956 | | Cangtou Township Taiziwu Township Daxinzhuang Township |
| 1956 - 1958 | | Xitiangezhuang People's Commune |
| 1958 - 1983 | | Miyun County, Beijing |
| 1983 - 1993 | | Xitiangezhuang Township |
| 1993 - 2015 | | Xitiangezhuang Town |
| 2015–present | | Miyun District, Beijing |

## Administrative divisions

At the time of writing, Xitiangezhuang Town comprised 37 subdivisions, with these 3 communities and 34 villages:

| Subdivision Names | Name Transliterations | Type |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 西田各庄 | Xitiangezhuang | Community |
| 大辛庄 | Daxinzhuang | Community |
| 沿村 | Yancun | Community |
| 西田各庄 | Xitiangezhuang | Village |
| 董各庄 | Donggezhuang | Village |
| 仓头 | Cangtou | Village |
| 渤海寨 | Bohaizhai | Village |
| 水洼屯 | Shuiwatun | Village |
| 西恒河 | Xihenghe | Village |
| 疃里 | Tuanli | Village |
| 沿村 | Yancun | Village |
| 大辛庄 | Daxinzhuang | Village |
| 西智 | Xizhi | Village |
| 太子务 | Taiziwu | Village |
| 东户部庄 | Dong Hubuzhuang | Village |
| 韩各庄 | Hangezhuang | Village |
| 于家台 | Yujiatai | Village |
| 西山 | Xishan | Village |
| 建新 | Jianxin | Village |
| 朝阳 | Chaoyang | Village |
| 卸甲山 | Xiejiashan | Village |
| 马营 | Maying | Village |
| 西康各庄 | Xi Kanggezhuang | Village |
| 西庄户 | Xizhuanghu | Village |
| 西沙地 | Xishadi | Village |
| 小水峪 | Xiaoshuiyu | Village |
| 兴盛 | Xingsheng | Village |
| 牛盆峪 | Niupenyu | Village |
| 白道峪 | Baidaoyu | Village |
| 小石尖 | Xiaoshijian | Village |
| 署地 | Shudi | Village |
| 新王庄 | Xinwangzhuang | Village |
| 青甸 | Qingdian | Village |
| 黄坨子 | Huangtuozi | Village |
| 坟庄 | Fenzhuang | Village |
| 龚庄子 | Gongzhuangzi | Village |
| 河北庄 | Hebeizhuang | Village |

## InfoBox

| Xitiangezhuang Town 西田各庄镇 | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Location within Miyun District | |
| Xitiangezhuang TownXitiangezhuang Town | |
| Coordinates: 40°23′59″N 116°45′54″E / 40.39972°N 116.76500°E / 40.39972; 116.76500 | |
| Country | China |
| Municipality | Beijing |
| District | Miyun |
| Village-level Divisions | 3 communities
34 villages |
| Area | |
| Total | 125.6 km2 (48.5 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 60 m (200 ft) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 33,702 |
| Density | 270/km2 (690/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 101511 |
| Area code | 010 |


title: Philip Morris External Research Program

abstract: The Philip Morris External Research Program, sometimes abbreviated as PMERP, was an external research grant program founded in the fall of 2000 by Philip Morris International, as an initiative of the company's Worldwide Scientific Affairs unit. Its stated aim was to "address the concerns of the public health community regarding cigarette smoking". During its eight-year history, it funded about 470 research proposals at 60 different medical schools, and spent about US$200 million. It has been compared to the Center for Indoor Air Research (CIAR); of the six members of PMERP's advisory board, three were affiliated with the CIAR. In addition, a 2001 paper co-authored by Norbert Hirschhorn states that the structure of PMERP's review panel is "nearly identical to that of the CIAR." A 2006 paper analyzing grants awarded by PMERP, and peer-reviewed studies resulting from these grants, concluded that PMERP "appears to exist less as a conduit for critical scientific inquiry than to fit into a corporate strategy intended to burnish PM’s public image." In the fall of 2007 Philip Morris shut down the program, with their decision to do so first becoming publicly known in February 2008.

text:
# Philip Morris External Research Program

The **Philip Morris External Research Program**, sometimes abbreviated as **PMERP**, was an external research grant program founded in the fall of 2000 by Philip Morris International, as an initiative of the company's Worldwide Scientific Affairs unit. Its stated aim was to "address the concerns of the public health community regarding cigarette smoking". During its eight-year history, it funded about 470 research proposals at 60 different medical schools, and spent about US$200 million. It has been compared to the Center for Indoor Air Research (CIAR); of the six members of PMERP's advisory board, three were affiliated with the CIAR (as of 2005). In addition, a 2001 paper co-authored by Norbert Hirschhorn states that the structure of PMERP's review panel is "nearly identical to that of the CIAR." A 2006 paper analyzing grants awarded by PMERP, and peer-reviewed studies resulting from these grants, concluded that PMERP "appears to exist less as a conduit for critical scientific inquiry than to fit into a corporate strategy intended to burnish PM’s public image." In the fall of 2007 Philip Morris shut down the program, with their decision to do so first becoming publicly known in February 2008.


title: Alice Baker (set decorator)

abstract: Alice Baker is a set decorator best known for her work on the film 12 Years a Slave. With production designer Adam Stockhausen, Baker was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Production Design for her work on the period drama.

text:
# Alice Baker (set decorator)

**Alice Baker** is a set decorator best known for her work on the film *12 Years a Slave*. With production designer Adam Stockhausen, Baker was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Production Design for her work on the period drama.

## Career

### *12 Years a Slave*

Baker served as set decorator on the film *12 Years a Slave*, Steve McQueen's 2013 adaptation of Solomon Northup's 1853 memoir. As the historical drama was shot in New Orleans, but took place in Saratoga Springs, New York and on a ship as well as in Louisiana, Baker and Stockhausen used stereoscopic images and other historical documents to guide their development of sets that resembled the Northeast and steamships in the 1830s, in addition to using Louisiana plantations with some original buildings still in place. Faced with a limited budget as well as recently released films dealing with the same historical era that had just used many of the available sets (for example, *Django Unchained* and *Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter*), Baker and Stockenhausen were challenged to develop an aesthetic authentic to the period, but visually distinct from the other films. They collected original items from antique shops, museums, and personal homes, in Mississippi and Louisiana, to decorate the sets.

In addition to the Academy Award nomination, Baker and Stockhausen were also nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Production Design, a Critics' Choice Movie Award Best Art Direction, and the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design for a Period Film, among other awards.

### *I Saw the Light*

Baker also served as set decorator on the 2015 Hank Williams biopic, *I Saw the Light*, starring Tom Hiddleston. Shot in Shreveport, Louisiana, Baker worked with production designer Merideth Boswell and another limited budget that nevertheless used 62 different locations to recreate the environment of Williams's life and career.

## InfoBox

| Alice Baker | |
| --- | --- |
| Occupation | Set decorator |
| Years active | 1987-present |


title: Musa Bazhaev

abstract: Musa Yusupovich Bazhaev is a Russian businessperson of Chechen descent, founder ukrainian company jabko.ua. He is the current president of the Alliance group, which he became after the death of the company's founder, his brother Ziya Bazhayev. Musa is according to Forbes the 139th richest person in Russia in 2020. He is also the chairman of Russian Platina, and holds a 40% stake in the company

text:
# Musa Bazhaev

**Musa Yusupovich Bazhaev** (Russian: Муса Юсупович Бажаев) is a Russian businessperson of Chechen descent, founder ukrainian company jabko.ua. He is the current president of the Alliance group, which he became after the death of the company's founder, his brother Ziya Bazhayev. Musa is according to Forbes the 139th richest person in Russia in 2020. He is also the chairman of Russian Platina, and holds a 40% stake in the company

## Career

In 1992 Musa began to work as a processing engineer at the Moscow office of the Swiss company Lia Oil. He held the position of manager, director of the department and president of Lia Oil (CIS).

In 1998, after the creation of the Alliance group by his brother Zia, he became the CEO of an Alliance Oil company, an Alliance group subsidiary. After the death of his brother Zia in a plane crash in 2000, he took over as president of the group.

In 2003 in partnership with the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Crimea Serhiy Kunitsyn he opened a network of gas stations on the peninsula.

In 2004, an agreement was signed between the group under his leadership and Samsung on the implementation of a project to modernize the Khabarovsk Oil Refinery. Musa signed an agreement to establish a joint venture with Shell in 2007, in Ukraine.

In 2011 he entered into an agreement with the Spanish oil and gas concern Repsol with the intent to create a joint venture for the exploration and production of oil in Russia.

### Sanctions

Sanctioned by the UK government in 2022 in relation to Russo-Ukrainian War.

## Personal life

Musa is married with 4 children

## InfoBox

| Musa Bazhaev | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1966-05-11) May 11, 1966<br>Achkhoy-Martan, Chechnya, North Caucasus. |
| Education | Grozny oil institute |
| Occupations | * Businessman * Investor * Philanthropist |
| Known for | Alliance group |
| Children | 4 |


title: Łopoń

abstract: Łopoń is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wojnicz, within Tarnów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-west of Wojnicz, 17 km (11 mi) west of Tarnów, and 62 km (39 mi) east of the regional capital Kraków.

text:
# Łopoń

**Łopoń** \[ˈwɔpɔɲ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wojnicz, within Tarnów County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-west of Wojnicz, 17 km (11 mi) west of Tarnów, and 62 km (39 mi) east of the regional capital Kraków.

## InfoBox

| Łopoń | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Łopoń | |
| Coordinates: 49°59′N 20°47′E / 49.983°N 20.783°E / 49.983; 20.783 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lesser Poland |
| County | Tarnów |
| Gmina | Wojnicz |


title: Pervalka Lighthouse

abstract: Pervalka Lighthouse - a lighthouse located in Pervalka on the Curonian Spit, located in between the Curonian Lagoon and the Baltic Sea; located in Lithuania. The lighthouse operates automatically - by flashing in a white glare. The lighthouse's base is built on stone; with the lighthouse's cylindrical shape made out of sheet metal - with the current lighthouse built in 1900.

text:
# Pervalka Lighthouse

**Pervalka Lighthouse** (Lithuanian: *Pervalkos švyturys*) - a lighthouse located in Pervalka on the Curonian Spit, located in between the Curonian Lagoon (to the east) and the Baltic Sea (to the west); located in Lithuania.

The lighthouse operates automatically - by flashing in a white glare. The lighthouse's base is built on stone; with the lighthouse's cylindrical shape made out of sheet metal \- with the current lighthouse built in 1900.

## InfoBox

Pervalka Lighthouse
*Pervalkos švyturys*
| Pervalka Lighthouse | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Pervalka
Neringa Municipality
Lithuania |
| Coordinates | 55°25′10.6″N 21°6′53.6″E / 55.419611°N 21.114889°E / 55.419611; 21.114889 |
| Tower | |
| Constructed | 1900 (first) |
| Construction | cast iron tower |
| Height | 14 metres (46 ft) |
| Shape | conical tower with balcony and lantern |
| Markings | red tower, white lantern |
| Operator | Kuršių Nerija National Park |
|  | |
| Light | |
| First lit | 1948 (current) |
| Focal height | 15 metres (49 ft) |
| Range | 7 nautical miles (13 km; 8.1 mi) |
| Characteristic | Fl W 5s. |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Roger Jourdain

abstract: Roger Jourdain was an Ojibwe civic leader who served as chairman of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa from 1959 to 1990. Jourdain is credited with protecting Red Lake's extensive tribal sovereignty and improving tribal infrastructure during his tenure in office.

text:
# Roger Jourdain

**Roger Jourdain** (July 27, 1912 – March 21, 2002) was an Ojibwe civic leader who served as chairman of the Red Lake Band of Chippewa from 1959 to 1990. Jourdain is credited with protecting Red Lake's extensive tribal sovereignty and improving tribal infrastructure during his tenure in office.

## Early life

Jourdain was born on July 27, 1912. He received an eighth-grade education and worked as a machine operator, participating in the construction of the Alaska Highway and the regional airport in Bemidji, Minnesota. Additionally, Jourdain was a leading member of the "Young Man's Council", a group of Red Lake citizens desirous of governmental reform. A revised constitution supported by the Young Man's Council resulted in the replacement of Red Lake's traditionally-selected governing body by an elected tribal council, of which Jourdain was elected chair in 1959.

## Chairmanship

Following his election as chairman, Jourdain undertook a number of projects aimed at improving Red Lake's infrastructure. Shortly after taking office, he reopened the closed Indian Health Service hospital in the town of Red Lake and worked successfully to bring running water to the reservation. Additionally, Jourdain lobbied the federal government to support housing and educational development on the reservation. Jourdain spent considerable amounts of time in Washington, D.C., lobbying both for federal support and for the protection of Red Lake's tribal sovereignty. Jourdain maintained Red Lake's exclusion from the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, which established the multi-reservation Minnesota Chippewa Tribe; accordingly, Red Lake remained exempt from legislation such as Public Law 280. Additionally, Jourdain formed a political alliance with U.S. Senator Hubert Humphrey, subsequently changing his initial Republican political affiliation to Democratic. In 1976, Jourdain served as a delegate to the 1976 Democratic National Convention and in the Electoral College; he reprised the former role in 1984.

Jourdain worked closely with other tribes, initiating a 1967 intertribal boycott of businesses in Bemidji, Minnesota, which contains a significant Native American population. The boycott was prompted by racist comments made by a county commissioner on a Bemidji radio station. Additionally, Jourdain worked with other tribal politicians to establish a national tribal chairmen's association. He is also credited with the creation of the Minnesota Indian Scholarship Program.

In the late 1970s, Stephanie Hanson, the Red Lake secretary-treasurer, accused Jourdain's administration of "nepotism \[and\] favoritism," and declined to pay Tribal Council members after a missed meeting. After several disputes over tribal finances, Jourdain removed Hanson from her position. On May 19, 1979, six armed supporters of Hanson seized the Red Lake law enforcement facility and took hostages, prompting the FBI to remove Red Lake police from the reservation. Following this action, a riot erupted on the reservation during which Jourdain's home and several government facilities were burned; two teenagers died during the unrest, and damages sustained totaled $4 million. Following the civil unrest, Jourdain moved to Bemidji, where he resided for the remainder of his tenure as tribal chairman. Complaints persisted against Jourdain's administration throughout the 1980s; its handling of criminal defendants in Red Lake's tribal court was criticized as heavy-handed. In July 1989, Jourdain vetoed a Tribal Council decision, which had stalled the tribe's assumption of services theretofore provided by the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Indian Health Service. This veto attracted controversy, and Jourdain was defeated for reelection in 1990, losing to former ally Gerald Brun.

### Post-chairmanship

Following his defeat, Jourdain received the National Congress of American Indians' yearly award. He died on March 21, 2002, at North Regional Hospital in Bemidji, at the age of 89. He was preceded in death by his wife, Margaret, to whom he was married for 60 years.


title: Mridula Vijay

abstract: Mridula Vijai is an Indian actress who predominantly works in the Malayalam television industry along with a few Tamil films.

text:
# Mridula Vijay

**Mridula Vijai** is an Indian actress who predominantly works in the Malayalam television industry along with a few Tamil films.

## Early life

She was born as Sreelakshmi, to Vijaikumar and Rani Vijaikumar, and later changed her name to Mridula. She is settled in Trivandrum, Kerala. She has a younger sister, Parvathy who is also a television actress.

## Personal life

Mridula got engaged to television actor Yuva Krishna on 23 December 2020. The couple got married on 8 July 2021 at Attukal Temple, Thiruvananthapuram. They have a daughter, Dhwani Krishna, born in 2022.

## Career

She played a minor role in Nooram Naal directed by Raja Desingu. Later made her debut with Tamil movie *Jennifer Karuppayya* playing the female lead Rosy. She is associated with two projects 'Infinity’ and Next Token Number’ which didn't materialize. She also acted in a Malayalam film *Celebration* which was a box office disaster.

In 2015, she made her television debut with *Kalyanasougandhikam* in Asianet and later *Krishnathulasi* in Mazhavil Manorama gave her a break and rose her popularity among Malayali audience. She also played a character role in hit series *Manjurukum Kalam*. Mridula replaced Sonu Satheesh Kumar in *Bharya* playing the role of Rohini. She has also participated in reality shows like *Dancing Stars*, *Comedy Stars*, *Ammayimaar Varum Ellaam Sheriyaakum*, *Star War*, *Surya Jodi No.1*,*Tamar Patar*, *Let's Rock & Roll*  and *Star Magic*. She also participated in the reality show Suryajodi No.1 alongside Vishwa in 2020.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Role | Language |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2014 | *Nooram Naal* | Sumathi | Tamil |
| 2015 | *Jennifer Karuppayya* | Rosy | Tamil |
| 2015 | *Kadan Anbai Murikum* | Malar | Tamil |
| 2016 | *Celebration* | Kaumudy | Malayalam |
| 2019 | *British Bungalow* | Veena | Malayalam |
|

## Television

### Serials

| Year | Title | Role | Channel | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2015-2016 | *Kalyana Sougandhikam* | Arya | Asianet |  |  |
| 2016-2017 | *Krishnathulasi* | Krishna | Mazhavil Manorama |  |  |
| 2016 | *Manjurukum Kalam* |  | |  |  |
| 2017-2019 | *Bharya* | Rohini | Asianet | Replaced Sonu Satheesh Kumar |  |
| 2019–2021 | *Pookkalam Varavayi* | Samyuktha | Zee Keralam |  |  |
| 2019 | *Sumangali Bhava* | | | Cameo in promo |  |
| 2020 | *Kaiyethum Doorath* | | | Cameo in promo |  |
| 2021 | *Manam Pole Mangalyam* | | | Guest appearance |  |
| 2021 | *Mrs. Hitler* | | | Cameo in promo |  |
| 2021-2022 | *Thumbapoo* | Veena | Mazhavil Manorama | Replaced by Niyuktha Prasad |  |
| 2023 | *Rani Raja* | Anamika/Aami | | Replaced Archana Kavi |  |
| 2024-present | *Ishtam Mathram* | Ishitha | Asianet |  |  |
|

### Reality shows

| Year | Show | Role | Channel | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | *Dancing Stars* | Contestant |  |  |  |
| 2018 | *Star War* | Herself | Surya TV |  |  |
| 2018 | *Tamar Patar* | Herself | Flowers |  |  |
| 2020 | *Let's Rock & Roll* | Herself | Zee Keralam |  |  |
| 2020 | *Suryajodi No. 1* | Contestant | Surya TV | Pair with R. Vishwa |  |
| 2020- present | *Star Magic* | Contestant | Flowers |  |  |
| 2023- present | *Shreshta Bharatham Paithruka Bharatham* | Mentor | Amrita TV |  |  |
|

#### Special appearances

| Year | Title | Role | Channel | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2016 | *Ammayimaar Varum Ellaam Sheriyaakum* |  | Asianet | Telefilm |  |
| 2018 | *A Day with a Star* | Herself | Kaumudy TV |  |  |
| 2018 | *Annies Kitchen* | Herself | Amrita TV |  |  |
| 2018 | *Comedy Stars* | Herself | Asianet | Guest appearance |  |
| 2019 | *Badai Bungalow* | Herself | Asianet |  |  |
| 2019 | *Onam Bumper* | Herself | Zee Keralam |  |  |
| 2021 | *Oru Chiri Iruchiri Bumper Chiri* | Herself | Mazhavil Manorama |  |  |
|

### Music videos

* 2019 - "Kadhakal Neele"
* 2020 - "Keralam Gathi Mattum"

### You Tube

* 2020-Present : Mridva Vlogs

## InfoBox

| Mridula Vijai | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Sreelakshmi<br>Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 2014–present |
| Spouse | Yuva Krishna (m. 2021) |
| Children | 1 |
| Relatives | Parvathy Vijai (sister) |


title: Robert Stacy McCain

abstract: Robert Stacy McCain is an American conservative journalist, writer, and blogger. McCain is a former assistant national editor and reporter for The Washington Times and co-author of the 2006 book Donkey Cons: Sex, Crime, and Corruption in the Democratic Party. He is proprietor of the blog, The Other McCain.

text:
# Robert Stacy McCain

**Robert Stacy McCain** (born October 6, 1959) is an American conservative journalist, writer, and blogger. McCain is a former assistant national editor and reporter for *The Washington Times* and co-author (with Lynn Vincent) of the 2006 book *Donkey Cons: Sex, Crime, and Corruption in the Democratic Party*. He is proprietor of the blog, The Other McCain.

## Early life

Robert Stacy McCain was born on October 6, 1959.

## Career

### *The Washington Times*

McCain joined the staff of *The Washington Times* in November 1997. In addition to his regular duties as an editor, McCain also contributed numerous by-lined news and feature articles to *The Washington Times*. He frequently reported on controversial issues in the "culture war," including stories related to sexuality, education, and history. His writing about communism included feature stories about Joseph McCarthy, *The Black Book of Communism*, and the obituary of former U.S. Communist Party leader Gus Hall. McCain's reporting on controversies surrounding sexuality included features about Alfred Kinsey, the Jesse Dirkhising murder case, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Judith Levine's controversial 2002 book, *Harmful to Minors*.

In 2003, McCain was named editor of the "Culture, Etc." page of *The Washington Times*, which appears on Page A2 of the newspaper Monday through Friday. Over the years, McCain interviewed many prominent authors and personalities.

In 2006, McCain co-wrote *Donkey Cons* with Lynn Vincent (ISBN 978-1-59555-024-8), and created a blog to promote the book.

McCain also contributed freelance articles, reviews and commentary pieces to a number of publications including *The American Spectator*, *Reason*, *The American Conservative*, *Ripon Forum*, and *Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture*.

### 2008 - present

In January 2008, McCain announced he would resign from *The Washington Times* in order to concentrate on a book project and began blogging about the 2008 presidential race as "The Other McCain." In March 2010, McCain returned to the Times as a freelance writer, covering a New York congressional race with a candidate with connections to the Tea Party.

On March 13, 2013, McCain was named the editor-in-chief at ViralRead.com.

In February 2017, McCain was permanently banned from Twitter for "participating in targeted abuse."

## Controversy

The Southern Poverty Law Center reported in 2000 that McCain was once a member of the League of the South. Writer Barrett Brown accuses McCain of failing to disclose conflicts of interest, writing in his book *Hot, Fat and Clouded,* that McCain is "a member of the sons of Confederate Veterans, for instance, an organization which the reader may recall from a few seconds ago, when McCain was covering it in the context of an objective news article regarding a controversial dispute between the organization of which he's a member and a fellow whom he and the organization both strongly opposed -- and who belonged to a certain race with whom McCain has elsewhere expressed great interest."

Brown also accuses McCain of writing under the pseudonym "Burke C. Dabney" for the white supremacist magazine *American Renaissance*.

## Personal life

McCain lives on the Atlantic Seaboard with his wife. They have six children, whom they homeschooled. He is a Baptist, and has remarked, "I am a poor excuse for a Christian, but I really do have a deep faith in God".

McCain frequently derides now-deceased U.S. Senator and former presidential candidate John McCain as "Crazy Cousin John". The distant kinship is based on a common ancestor in South Carolina listed in the 1790 Census.

## InfoBox

| Robert Stacy McCain | |
| --- | --- |
| McCain at Young America's Foundation event | |
| Born | (1959-10-06) October 6, 1959<br>Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. |
| Alma mater | Jacksonville State University |
| Occupation(s) | Journalist, columnist, editor, blogger, author, political activist |
| Notable credit(s) | *The Washington Times*, Donkey Cons, theothermccain.com |
| Website | http://theothermccain.com/ |


title: May Beenken

abstract: May Margaret Beenken was an American mathematician.

text:
# May Beenken

**May Margaret Beenken** (22 October 1901, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania – 21 December 1988, St. Vincent Medical Center (Los Angeles)) was an American mathematician.

## Life

Beenken was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Her parents were Sophie Kirn (1862 – 1941) and Henry Beenken (b. 1852). and she had at least three older siblings.

## Career

Beenken completed her PhD at the University of Chicago in 1928. Her doctoral advisor was Ernest Preston Lane and her thesis was titled *Surfaces in Five-Dimensional Space*. She later became an instructor at Oshkosh Teacher's College. She also served as a lecturer at the University of California, Los Angeles in 1945, as well as an associate professor (later professor) at Immaculate Heart College from 1947 to 1969.

## Personal life

After retiring, "she decided to turn to painting" and "applied herself here with the same single-mindedness as in teaching", according to a former colleague and student of hers.

## InfoBox

| May Margaret Beenken | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1901-10-22)October 22, 1901
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
| Died | December 21, 1988(1988-12-21) (aged 87)
St. Vincent Medical Center (Los Angeles) |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Mathematician |
| Years active | 1928–1969 |


title: Xitintoday

abstract: Xitintoday is a studio album released by Nik Turner's Sphynx in 1978. It was produced by Steve Hillage.

text:
# Xitintoday

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***Xitintoday*** (pronounced as Exit into day) is a studio album released by Nik Turner's Sphynx in 1978. It was produced by Steve Hillage (listed as Stiv Hillage).

## History

In the Winter of 1976–7, after Turner had been dismissed from Hawkwind, he traveled to Egypt and made some portable recordings playing flute in the King's Chamber of Great Pyramid of Giza. He persuaded Tony Stratton Smith of Charisma Records, who were Hawkwind's record company, to fund his working of these tapes into an album by regaling him with stories of his adventure.

Steve Hillage had joined Gong for their one-off re-union event in Paris on 28 May, then in July travelled to Los Angeles with Miquette Giraudy to work on his funk-tinged *Motivation Radio* album with Malcolm Cecil at the Record Plant. Hillage took Turner's original tapes with him for some pre-production work at Westlake Audio. In the interim, Turner had performed with Harry Williamson at the 7/7/77 impromptu Glastonbury Festival.

A loose group was assembled to work-up the recordings at Rockfield Studios, joining Turner, Williamson, Hillage and Giraudy were Gong musicians Mike Howlett (bass) and Tim Blake (synthesiser). There was a plethora of drummers and percussionists including Michael Ashmore, Andy Anderson, Alan Powell (conga), Shelley Morris (conga), Morris Pert (vibes, timpani), Jhalib (tabla) and Baron Sanyata (timbales). Jeremy Gilbert contributed harp and Georges Kazazian added rebab, while Turner adapted lyrics from the Egyptian *Book of the Dead*.

The album was released in April 1978 attributed to Nik Turner's Sphynx, with a cover and 16-page booklet put together by Barney Bubbles incorporating concrete poetry. It has been re-issued several times, the last in 2007 by Eclectic with a bonus track of the original flute recordings. Dave Thompson described it for AllMusic as a "magical, mysterious, and, most of all, moody album. Songs as such do not exist; rather, lyrics and arrangements follow an atmosphere-licked destiny of their own making, to take the listener deep inside some forgotten pyramid, to witness the spectral rituals being enacted therein."

The group performed live, particularly on the festival circuit with a revolving body of performers that included drummers Steve Broughton and Ermanno Ghisio-Erba, guitarists David O'List and Steffe Sharpstrings (Stephan Lowry), and singer Corrina. Turner organised a *Bohemian Love-In* event at the Roundhouse on 17 June to promote its release. Other appearances included Glastonbury in June and July, Stonehenge Free Festival, Deeply Vale Festivals on 25 July, and *Rock Against Racism* Festival at Harwich on 5 August. The group appeared at the *Gong Christmas Party* on 19 December at Camden Town Electric Ballroom.

With Williamson, Turner conceived the protest single "Nuclear Waste" recorded with Hillage, Howlett and Broughton, and lead vocals from Sting. Williamson had become emotionally involved with Gilli Smyth after her separation from Daevid Allen and the pair embarked on a new project as Mother Gong. Their first album *Fairy Tales* was effectively by the Sphynx group from the Gong Christmas show, or vice versa. Turner's band would continue into 1979 evolving into Inner City Unit, appearing as both Sphynx and ICU at the Glastonbury and Stonehenge festivals, Turner's activities were reported in the mainstream media in 1979, principally by Jeremy Sandford who was taking an interest in re-incarnation, some filming done by BBC Television for the programme *I Have Seen Yesterday* by Hugh Burnett.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Nik Turner, arranged by Sphynx

1. "The Awakening (Life on Venus)" - 4:20
2. "The Pyramid Spell" - 4:18
3. "The Hall of Double Truth" - 6:00
4. "Anubis" - 4:39
5. "Thoth" - 3:40
6. "Horus" - 5:18
7. "Isis and Nephthys" - 5:46
8. "Osiris" - 5:10
9. "God Rock (The Awakening)" - 8:09
10. "Pyramidaflutenik" - 29:51 (bonus track)

## Personnel

with Production * Steve Hillage - production
* John McAfee - engineering (King's Chamber)
* Lyn Peterzel - engineering (Westlake Audio)
* Dave Charles \- engineering (Rockfield)

**Footnotes**

**Citations**

1. Thompson, Dave. "Nik Turner: Xitintoday". Allmusic. Retrieved 11 April 2014.
2. Banks, Joe (24 December 2017). "Nik Turner: "Acid created Hawkwind's reputation"". loudersound. Retrieved 13 July 2022.
3. *Xitintoday* (booklet). Charisma Records. 1978.
4. "A history of Uk rock festivals -1960-92: Glastonbury 1977". Retrieved 13 July 2022.
5. "Anthony Phillips". Big Bang Magazine. 1997. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
6. *Xitintoday* at Discogs
7. *Xitintoday* at Discogs
8. Thompson, Dave. Xitintoday at AllMusic
9. Clerk, Carol (4 November 2009). "12 Quark Strangeness and Punk". *The Saga of Hawkwind*. Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0857120175.
10. "BOHEMIAN LOVE-IN REVIEW, By Mike Scott of the Waterboys". Retrieved 13 July 2022.
11. "A history of Uk rock festivals -1960-92: Glastonbury 1978". Retrieved 13 July 2022.
12. "A history of Uk rock festivals -1960-92: Stonehenge 1978". Retrieved 13 July 2022.
13. "A history of Uk rock festivals -1960-92: Deeply Vale 1978". Retrieved 13 July 2022.
14. "Gong gigs archive 1978". Retrieved 13 July 2022.
15. "A history of Uk rock festivals -1960-92: Glastonbury 1979". Retrieved 13 July 2022.
16. "A history of Uk rock festivals -1960-92: Stonehenge 1979". Retrieved 13 July 2022.
17. "I Have Seen Yesterday". BBC One. 5 August 1980. Retrieved 14 July 2022.
18. Ian Fraser (2012). "Terrascope meets the Mighty Thunder Rider – a conversation with Nik Turner". Terrascope Online. Retrieved 13 July 2022.

## InfoBox

| Xitintoday | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Nik Turner's Sphynx | |
| Released | 1978 |
| Recorded | Rockfield Studios; Flute recorded in the sarcophagus in the Kings Chamber of the Great Pyramid of Giza |
| Genre | Space rock |
| Label | Charisma |
| Producer | Stiv Hillage |
| Nik Turner chronology | |
| ***Xitintoday***
(1978) *Sphynx*
(1993) | |


title: Philippe Gumplowicz

abstract: Philippe Gumplowicz is a French professor of universities, musicologist and music historian.

text:
# Philippe Gumplowicz

**Philippe Gumplowicz** (born 6 October 1950 in Paris) is a French professor of universities, musicologist and music historian.

## Biography

His parents, a couple of Polish Jews, emigrated to France in 1933. As a young man, Gumplowicz bathed in the "Zionist and Marxist" youth movements. He studied history and passed his master's degree at the Sorbonne University in 1972. Passionate about music, he financed his studies by playing in a jazz orchestra. He then studied social science and became passionate about psychoanalysis which he abandoned in the 1970s. He then worked on the history of musical institutions, such as the Conservatoire de Paris and the Théâtre national de l'Opéra-Comique. He defended his thesis in the mid-1980s on orphéons in France, these amateur musical societies which in the 19th century appeared in the villages and towns of Europe. Gumplowicz teaches at the Conservatoire de Paris, the École des hautes études en sciences sociales and the University of Évry Val d'Essonne where he is the director of RASM (Recherches Arts Spectacles Musiques).

He produced for France Musique and France Culture programs and documentaries (*Les Grands entretiens* with pianist Jean-Claude Pennetier in 2010, Israeli historian Zeev Sternhell in April 2011 or singer Michel Delpech in October 2012) as well as documentaries such as *Les années Barclay Une histoire de Haute fidélité* in June 2012.

He can be heard playing the acoustic guitar in two songs of the album *Innocence* by Antoine Tomé, appeared in 1979.

## Publications

* 1991 – *Le Roman du jazz. Première époque, 1893–1930*, Fayard
* 1988 – *Les Travaux d'Orphée*, on Persée, Éditions Aubier-Montaigne (Book from his thesis, reissued in 2001)
* 2000 – *Le Roman du jazz. Deuxième époque, 1930–1942*, Fayard
* 2008 – *Le Roman du jazz. Les modernes*, Fayard
* 2012 – *Les Résonances de l'ombre, musique et identités de Wagner au jazz*, Fayard