title: Heliadornis

abstract: Heliadornis is a genus of prehistoric seabirds related to modern tropicbirds, but native to temperate climates. They lived in the Miocene. Two species have been recognized. Heliadornis ashbyi is known from remains in Maryland in the United States and Antwerp province in Belgium. The latter were from the Brussels–Antwerp motorway between Berchem and Wilrijk. A second species, Heliadornis paratethydicus has been described from Upper Miocene strata in Vösendorf, Austria.

text:
# Heliadornis

***Heliadornis*** is a genus of prehistoric seabirds related to modern tropicbirds, but native to temperate climates. They lived in the Miocene. Two species have been recognized. *Heliadornis ashbyi* is known from remains in Maryland in the United States and Antwerp province in Belgium. The latter were from the BrusselsAntwerp motorway between Berchem and Wilrijk. A second species,  *Heliadornis paratethydicus* has been described from Upper Miocene strata in Vösendorf, Austria.

## InfoBox

| *Heliadornis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Phaethontiformes |
| Family: | Phaethontidae |
| Genus: | *Heliadornis*<br>Olson, 1985 |
|
| Species | |
| 2, see text | |


title: Heinrich Müller (footballer, born 1888)

abstract: Heinrich Müller was a Swiss football player and manager. He played most of the time for FC Winterthur and was the only member of the team which was part of the team in all three championship titles of the club in the years 1906, 1908 and 1917. He played for 10 matches for Switzerland national team. He managed for Switzerland national team in 1934 FIFA World Cup

text:
# Heinrich Müller (footballer, born 1888)

**Heinrich Müller** (1888 - May 11, 1957) was a Swiss football player and manager. He played most of the time for FC Winterthur and was the only member of the team which was part of the team in all three championship titles of the club in the years 1906, 1908 and 1917. He played for 10 matches for Switzerland national team. He managed for Switzerland national team in 1934 FIFA World Cup

## InfoBox

Heinrich Müller
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Heinrich Müller | | |
| Date of birth | 1888 | | |
| Place of birth | Winterthur, Switzerland | | |
| Date of death | May 11, 1957 | | |
| Place of death | Montreux, Switzerland | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1904-1911 | FC Winterthur |  |  |
| 1911-1912 | FC Torino | 13 | (2) |
| 1912-1917 | FC Winterthur |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 1909–1913 | Switzerland | 10 | (1) |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 1934 | Switzerland | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Zygocera

abstract: Zygocera is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.

text:
# Zygocera

***Zygocera*** is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.

## Species

*Zygocera* contains the following species:

## InfoBox

| *Zygocera* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Tribe: | Zygocerini |
| Genus: | *Zygocera*<br>Dejean, 1835 |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Plocamocera* Breuning, 1939 * *Disternopsis* Breuning, 1939 * *Pseudodisterna* Breuning, 1953 | |


title: Ovinia gens

abstract: The gens Ovinia was a plebeian family at Rome. Members of this gens occur in history toward the end of the Republic, and from then to at least the fourth century. They produced generations of Roman senators, with Gaius Ovinius Tertullus obtaining the consulship toward the end of the second century.

text:
# Ovinia gens

The **gens Ovinia** was a plebeian family at Rome. Members of this gens occur in history toward the end of the Republic, and from then to at least the fourth century. They produced generations of Roman senators, with Gaius Ovinius Tertullus obtaining the consulship toward the end of the second century.

## Origin

The nomen *Ovinius* belongs to a class of gentilicia formed from other names using the suffix *-inius*. In this case, it seems to be a patronymic surname derived from the Oscan praenomen *Ovius*.

## Branches and cognomina

Among the surnames of the Ovinii were *Camillus*, *Rusticus*, and *Tertullus*. *Camillus* was an ancient cognomen referring to a youth in the service of a priestly office, and was made famous by the dictator Marcus Furius Camillus during the fourth century BC. *Rusticus* referred to someone of rural origin or habits. *Tertullus* is a diminutive of the cognomen *Tertius*, "third".

## Members

*This list includes abbreviated praenomina. For an explanation of this practice, see filiation.* * Ovinius, proposed a law known as the *lex Ovinia*, granting certain powers to the censors in order to maintain the list of senators. The law was passed by *plebiscitum*, but its date is uncertain.
* Quintus Ovinius, a Roman senator at the time of the war between Octavian and Marcus Antonius, who had taken charge of Cleopatra's spinning and weaving workshops. Octavian, who considered this conduct disgraceful for a senator, had Ovinius put to death at the conclusion of the war.
* Gaius Ovinius Tertullus, consul *suffectus* before AD 198, subsequently became legate *pro praetore* of Moesia Inferior during the reigns of Septimius Severus and Caracalla.
* Ovinius Camillus, a senator who considered instigating a rebellion against the emperor Severus Alexander. When his inclinations were discovered, the emperor treated him with clemency.
* Lucius Ovinius L. f. Rusticus Cornelianus, consul in AD 237, during the reign of Maximinus Thrax. He had been tribune of the plebs, praetor, legate of one of the legions in Mysia inferior, and curator of the *Via Tiburtina* and the *Via Flaminia*.
* Rufria Ovinia L. f. L. n. Corneliana, daughter of the consul Rusticus Cornelianus.
* Ovinius Pacatianus, *praefectus urbi* in AD 276 and 277.
* Ovinius Paternus, *praefectus urbi* in AD 281, could possibly be the same person as Nonius Paternus, the consul of 279.
* Lucius Ovinius Curius Proculus Modianus Africanus, consul in an uncertain year. His wife was Claudiana Eusebia, and he was the grandfather of Lucius Ovinius Africanus. His monument at Rome dates to the end of the third or the beginning of the fourth century.
* Lucius Ovinius Africanus, grandson of the consul Africanus.
* Ovinius Gallicanus, *praefectus urbi* in AD 316, and consul *suffectus* the following year.

## Footnotes

1. *Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology*, vol. III, p. 74 ("Ovinius").
2. Chase, pp. 125, 126, 139, 140.
3. Chase, pp. 110–112.
4. Orosius, vi. 19.
5. *PIR*, vol. II, p. 442.
6. *PIR*, vol. II, p. 443.
7. Aelius Lampridius, "The Life of Alexander Severus", 48.
8. *Fasti*.
9. *PIR*, vol. II, pp. 442, 443.
10. *CIL* II, 4126.
11. *Chronography of 354*.
12. *CIL* VI, 1479.
13. *PLRE*, vol. 1, p. 383 ("Ovinius Gallicanus").

## Bibliography


title: Liesbet Vindevoghel

abstract: Liesbet Vindevoghel is a Belgian female former volleyball player, playing as an outside-spiker. She was part of the Belgium women's national volleyball team. She competed at the 2009 Women's European Volleyball Championship. On club level she played for BV Nocera Umbra.

text:
# Liesbet Vindevoghel

**Liesbet Vindevoghel** (born 29 December 1979) is a Belgian female former volleyball player, playing as an outside-spiker. She was part of the Belgium women's national volleyball team.

She competed at the 2009 Women's European Volleyball Championship. On club level she played for BV Nocera Umbra.

1. "Team Roster – Belgium". *cev.lu*. Retrieved 5 February 2016.

## InfoBox

| Liesbet Vindevoghel | |
| --- | --- |
| Vindevoghe in 2012 | |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Belgian |
| Born | (1979-12-29) 29 December 1979 |
| Volleyball information | |
| Position | Outside-spiker |
| Number | 7 (national team) |
| Career | |
| Years Teams  2009  BV Nocera Umbra | |
| National team | |
| 2009  Belgium | |


title: Mantra pushpam

abstract: Mantra pushpam is a Vedic hymn that is sung at the time of offering of the flowers to the Hindu deities at the very end of the Pujas. The mantra is considered to be the flower of Vedic chants. This mantra is taken from the Taittiriya Aranyakam of the Yajur Veda. It speaks of the unlimited benefits which will be conferred by the secret knowledge of the water, fire, air, the sun, the moon, the stars, the clouds and time. It is normally sung in a chorus by all the Pujaris (priests) together after performing any Puja (worship) or Yajna. It tells in short that water is the basis of this universe.

text:
# Mantra pushpam

**Mantra pushpam** is a Vedic hymn that is sung at the time of offering of the flowers to the Hindu deities at the very end of the Pujas. The mantra is considered to be the flower of Vedic chants.

This mantra is taken from the Taittiriya Aranyakam of the Yajur Veda. It speaks of the unlimited benefits which will be conferred by the secret knowledge of the water, fire, air, the sun, the moon, the stars, the clouds and time. It is normally sung in a chorus by all the Pujaris (priests) together after performing any Puja (worship) or Yajna. It tells in short that water (here water is ether) is the basis of this universe.

## Mantra and meaning

The mantra or the chantings consists of the following hymns

MANTRA:

|| Yo'pam pushpam veda

Pushpavan prajavan pashuvan bhavati

Chandramava Apam pushpam

Pushpavan, Prajavan pashuman bhavati

Ya Evam Veda

Yo pam ayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati.

MEANING:

He who understands the flowers of water,

He becomes the possessor of flowers, children and animals.

Moon is the flower of the water,

He who understands this fact,

He becomes the possessor of flowers, children and animals.

He who knows the source of water,

Becomes established in himself,

MANTRA:

Agnirva Apamayatanam

Ayatanavan Bhavati

Yo agnerayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

Apovagner ayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati

Ya Evam Veda

Yopa mayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

MEANING:

Fire is the source of water,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself,

Water is the source of fire,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself.

He who knows the source of water,

Becomes established in himself,

MANTRA:

Vayurva Apamaya tanam

Ayatanavan bhavati.

Yova Yorayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati|

Apovai va yorayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati.

Ya Evam veda

Yopamayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan Bhavati

MEANING:

Air is the source of water,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself,

Water is the source of air,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself.

He who knows the source of water,

Becomes established in himself,

MANTRA:

Asouvai tapanna pamayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati

Yo mushya tapata Ayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

Apova Amushyatapata Ayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati

Ya Evam Veda

Yopa mayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

MEANING:

Scorching sun is the source of water,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself,

Water is the source of scorching sun,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself.

He who knows the source of water,

Becomes established in himself,

MANTRA:

Candrama Vama pamayatnam

Ayatanavan bhavati.

Yashcandra masa Ayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

Apovai Candra masa Ayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati

Ya Evam Veda

Yo pamayatanam veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

MEANING:

Moon is the source of water,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself,

Water is the source of moon,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself.

He who knows the source of water,

Becomes established in himself,

MANTRA:

Nakshatrani va Apamayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati

Yo Nakshtrana mayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

Apovai Nakshtrana mayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati

Ye evam Veda

Yopamaya tanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

MEANING

Stars are the source of water,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself,

Water is the source of stars,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself.

He who knows the source of water,

Becomes established in himself,

MANTRA

Parjanyova apamayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati

Yah parjanyasya syayatanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

Apovai parjanya Syayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati

Ye Evam veda

Yopa maya tanam Veda

Ayatanavan bhavati

MEANING:

Clouds are the source of water,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself,

Water is the source of clouds,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself.

He who knows the source of water,

Becomes established in himself,

MANTRA:

Samvastaro Va Apamayatanam

Ayatavan bhavati

Yassamvatsarasya ayatanam Veda

Ayatavan bhavati.

Apovai samvatsarasya ayatanam

Ayatanavan bhavati

Ya Evam veda

Yopsu Navam pratishtitam veda

Pratyeva tishtati

MEANING:

Rainy season is the source of water,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself,

Water is the source of rainy season,

He who knows this,

Becomes established in himself.

He who knows that there is a raft is available,

Becomes established in that raft.

Rajadhirajaya prasahyasahine namo vayo vai shravanaya kurmahe Same kaman kama kamaya mahyam Kameshvarou vai shravano dadatu Kuberaya vai shravanaya maharajaya namah ||


title: Wyatt Wishart

abstract: Wyatt Wishart is a former Canadian football player and wrestler. A native of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Wishart was educated at Westgate Collegiate & Vocational Institute and Concordia University, where he was a middle guard on the Stingers varsity football team. He was picked up by the Edmonton Eskimos in the 1981 CFL Draft, but was cut before the beginning of the season. Wishart, a two-time All-Canadian varsity wrestler, won eight Canadian wrestling titles. He was a Pan American Junior Wrestling Champion and claimed two gold medals for Canada at the Commonwealth Games. In 1993, Wishart was inducted into the Northwestern Ontario Sports Hall of Fame.

text:
# Wyatt Wishart

**Wyatt Wishart** is a former Canadian football player and wrestler.

A native of Thunder Bay, Ontario, Wishart was educated at Westgate Collegiate & Vocational Institute and Concordia University, where he was a middle guard on the Stingers varsity football team. He was picked up by the Edmonton Eskimos in the 1981 CFL Draft, but was cut before the beginning of the season.

Wishart, a two-time All-Canadian varsity wrestler, won eight Canadian wrestling titles. He was a Pan American Junior Wrestling Champion and claimed two gold medals for Canada at the Commonwealth Games.

In 1993, Wishart was inducted into the Northwestern Ontario Sports Hall of Fame.

## InfoBox

Wyatt Wishart
| Sport | |
| --- | --- |
| Sport | Wrestling |
| College team | Concordia University |
| Medal record      Men's freestyle wrestling  Representing  Canada  Commonwealth Games  1978 Edmonton Heavyweight  1982 Brisbane Super heavyweight  Pan American Games  1979 San Juan +100 kg | |


title: Port state control

abstract: Port state control (PSC) is an inspection regime for countries to inspect foreign-registered ships in port other than those of the flag state and take action against ships that are not in compliance. Inspectors for PSC are called PSC officers (PSCOs), and are required to investigate compliance with the requirements of international conventions, such as SOLAS, MARPOL, STCW, and the MLC. Inspections can involve checking that the vessel is crewed and operated in compliance with applicable international law, and verifying the competency of the ship's master and officers, and the ship's condition and equipment.

text:
# Port state control

**Port state control** (PSC) is an inspection regime for countries to inspect foreign-registered ships in port other than those of the flag state and take action against ships that are not in compliance. Inspectors for PSC are called PSC officers (PSCOs), and are required to investigate compliance with the requirements of international conventions, such as SOLAS, MARPOL, STCW, and the MLC. Inspections can involve checking that the vessel is crewed and operated in compliance with applicable international law, and verifying the competency of the ship's master and officers, and the ship's condition and equipment.

## History

Port state control, 2022
| Flag | Paris
Blacklist | Tokyo
Blacklist | USCG
Target List |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bolivia |  |  | N |
| Comoros | N |  |  |
| Curaçao |  |  | N |
| Moldova | N |  |  |
| Mongolia |  | N |  |
| St. Vincent/Grenadines |  |  | N |
| Sierra Leone | N | N |  |
| Togo | N | N | N |
| Vanuatu | N |  |  |
| Zanzibar (Tanzania) | N |  |  |

In **1978**, a number of European countries agreed in The Hague on a memorandum for the audit of labour conditions on board vessels as to whether they were in accordance with the rules of the ILO. After the *Amoco Cadiz* sank that year, it was decided to also audit safety and pollution practices. To this end, in 1982 fourteen European countries agreed on the **Paris Memorandum of Understanding on Port State Control** (Paris MoU) to establish port state control. Currently, 26 European countries and Canada are signatories of Paris MoU. PSC was a reaction to the failure of those flag states   especially flag of convenience states   that had delegated their survey and certification responsibilities to classification societies.

Modeled on the Paris MOU, several other regional MOUs have been signed, including the Tokyo MOU (Pacific Ocean), Acuerdo Latino or Acuerdo de Viña del Mar (South and Central America), the Caribbean MOU, the Mediterranean MOU, the Indian Ocean MOU, the Abuja MOU (West and Central Atlantic Africa), the Black Sea MOU, and the Riyadh MOU (Persian Gulf).

## Inspection and enforcement

The port state control (PSC) makes inspection of ships in port, taken by a port state control officer (PSCO). Annual report of Paris MoU reported that a total of 74,713 deficiencies were recorded during port state control inspections in 2007, which deficiencies resulted in 1,250 detentions that year. Detention of the ship is the last course of action that a PSCO would take upon finding deficiencies aboard the vessel.

Courses of action a PSCO may impose on a ship with deficiencies (in order of ascending gravity) are:

1. Deficiencies can be rectified within 14 days for minor infractions.
2. Under specific conditions, deficiencies can be rectified when the ship arrives at the next port.
3. Deficiencies must be rectified before the ship can depart the port.
4. Detention of the ship occurs.

## Jurisdiction

The countries that implement PSC are referred to as **port states**. This term was established in UNCLOS, but the approach had been applied since ancient times.

Port states effectively establish jurisdiction over foreign-flagged seagoing vessels visiting the ports of a port state. This jurisdiction is distinct from the one set up by the coastal states in their maritime zones, primarily due to two considerations:

* from the legal point of view, vessels that voluntarily entered a port can no longer claim the right of innocent passage;
* at the practical level, port represents a convenient point of control.

Port states can, in addition to detention, sanction violations with fines. Port states can also in certain cases, for example if a ship violates the 0.5% sulphur limit of MARPOL Annex VI, assert jurisdiction for such violations which occur on the high seas. The extraterritorial jurisdictional basis for such enforcement and sanctioning is found within the special provisions of part XII of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).

## Sources


abstract: The Committee on Petitions (PETI) is a permanent committee of the European Parliament to offer a petition process including a web portal to create and admit petitions. Its current chair, elected on 10 July 2019, is Dolors Montserrat, member of the EPP Group. The right to petition is one of the fundamental rights of the European citizen and residents. Any of these can bring forward a petition on a matter within the EU's sphere of activities. The Committee hears cases, some 1500 each year, sometimes presented in Parliament by the citizen themselves. While the Parliament attempts to resolve the issue as a mediator, it can resort to legal proceedings if necessary to resolve the citizen's dispute.

text:
# European Parliament Committee on Petitions

The **Committee on Petitions** (**PETI**) is a permanent committee of the European Parliament to offer a petition process including a web portal to create and admit petitions. Its current chair, elected on 10 July 2019, is Dolors Montserrat, member of the EPP Group.

The right to petition is one of the fundamental rights of the European citizen and residents. Any of these can bring forward a petition on a matter within the EU's sphere of activities. The Committee hears cases, some 1500 each year, sometimes presented in Parliament by the citizen themselves. While the Parliament attempts to resolve the issue as a mediator, it can resort to legal proceedings if necessary to resolve the citizen's dispute.


title: McLeod Stewart

abstract: McLeod Stewart (1847–1926) was a Canadian lawyer and politician. Stewart was mayor of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada from 1887 to 1888.

text:
# McLeod Stewart

**McLeod Stewart** (18471926) was a Canadian lawyer and politician. Stewart was mayor of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada from 1887 to 1888.

## Biography

He was born in Ottawa in 1847, the son of William Stewart, who represented Bytown (Ottawa) in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1844 to 1847.

The Stewart family owned some of the land south of Gladstone Avenue, which was then the southern limit for the city of Ottawa. The area was called Stewarton, and the family home was located on the current site of the Canadian Museum of Nature. McLeod Street in Ottawa is named after him.

Stewart studied at the University of Toronto, receiving an M.A. He served as a lieutenant in the Governor General's Foot Guards. In 1874, he married Linnie Emma, the daughter of Colonel Walker Powell. In 1881, with William Hodgson, he built the Molson's Bank building on the Sparks Street Mall. He served as president of the Canada Atlantic Railway and also served on the boards of several companies. Stewart also represented a number of companies as their solicitor in Ottawa. The first Central Canada Exhibition opened on September 25, 1888, during his term as mayor. In 1897, he visited London, seeking financial backers for a canal linking the Ottawa River and Georgian Bay.

In 1910, he authored *The first half century of Ottawa*.

## InfoBox

| McLeod Stewart | |
| --- | --- |
| McLeod Stewart Source: Library and Archives Canada | |
|  | |
| 17th Mayor of Ottawa | |
| **In office**
1887–1888 | |
| Preceded by | Francis McDougal |
| Succeeded by | Jacob Erratt |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1847
Ottawa, Canada West |
| Died | 1926(1926-00-00) (aged 78–79)
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
|  | |


title: New Dennison, Illinois

abstract: New Dennison is an unincorporated community in Williamson County, Illinois, United States. The community is located along Illinois Route 166 4.7 miles (7.6 km) east-southeast of Marion.

text:
# New Dennison, Illinois

**New Dennison** is an unincorporated community in Williamson County, Illinois, United States. The community is located along Illinois Route 166 4.7 miles (7.6 km) east-southeast of Marion.

## InfoBox

| New Dennison, Illinois | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| New Dennison, IllinoisNew Dennison, Illinois | |
| Coordinates: 37°41′34″N 88°51′20″W / 37.69278°N 88.85556°W / 37.69278; -88.85556 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Illinois |
| County | Williamson |
| Elevation | 453 ft (138 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP Code | 62959 |
| Area code | 618 |
| GNIS feature ID | 414392 |


title: Mantra marga

abstract: Mantra marga is one of the two main sects of Shaivism while the other one is being "Atimarga". Although it is believed that Atimarga precedes Mantramarga, there are so many contemporary evidences available for both sects. Mantra marga became more popular than ATI marga in its nature which focuses on social and worldwide temporal philosophy.

text:
# Mantra marga

**Mantra marga** is one of the two main sects of Shaivism while the other one is being "Atimarga". Although it is believed that Atimarga precedes Mantramarga, there are so many contemporary evidences available for both sects. Mantra marga became more popular than ATI marga in its nature which focuses on social and worldwide temporal philosophy.

## History

The term Mantra marga means the entire Tantric paradigm of ritual worship and meditation. Clear evidences say that Mantra marga became popular in the end of the 6th century CE. South Indian Agamas are believed to be composed no later than 5th century CE. "Nisvasa" series of Agamas has been composed initially in the Mantra margic treatise between 450 - 500 CE.

Mantra margic texts describe the construction of temples, ruling of the countries in Shaivite supervising, and social and spiritual responsibility in Shaivite perspectives. They swear reciting mantras can be used to control the thread of enemies and natural catastrophes. Mantra marga spread vigorously until the 11th century CE and cause the establishment of great empires even in south-east Asia such as Angkor Khmer Empire and Majapahit.

## Mantra marga schools

Mantra marga is classified into two schools, Saiddhantika and Non - saiddhantika respectively. Saiddhantika sect is South Indian Tamil Siddhantism. It praises Sadasiva as its supreme deity. Kirana, Kalottara and Mrigendra are the few agamas that emerged from North India though several sivagamas including Karana, Kamika has been produced in South land. The ritual for royal coronation explained in the siddhantic agamas indicate their significance among kings.

Non - saiddhantika is a group of many sects worshiping Bhairava as their supreme deity. These sects are mostly identified today with Kashmir Shaivism. Researchers assume with the liturgical testimonies that the Shaktism could be developed from Non - saiddhantic mantra marga. Following list gives a brief introduction on Non - saiddhantika schools of Mantra margic Shaivism.

* Vama = Tumburu and his four sisters (Jaya, Vijaya, Ajita, Aparajita) are supreme.
* Dakshina = Svacchanda Bhairava and Aghoreshwari.
* Yamala = Kapalesa Bhairava and chandakapalini.
* Netra = Amruteshwara and Amruteshwari
* Trika = matrsadbhava and three goddesses - Para, Apara, Parapa
* Kubjika = Kubjika and Navatma Bhairava
* Kalikula = Kalasankarshini
* Shrikula = Lalita

Sinchini Tantra explains that the last four sects are Shaktist branches. But Kubjika and Trika are considered as Shaivite sects nowadays.


title: Manitoba Provincial Road 587

abstract: Provincial Road 587 is a former provincial road in the Canadian province of Manitoba, that was paved with gravel.

text:
# Manitoba Provincial Road 587

**Provincial Road 587** (**PR 587**) is a former provincial road in the Canadian province of Manitoba, that was paved with gravel.

## Route description

The route began on the east side of Bowsman at PR 266 and ended at PR 268, eleven miles east of the village. Six miles east of Bowsman it intersected PR 366. The route's main purpose was to provide a connection from Bowsman to rural areas east of the village, and eventually to the Lenswood Highway. The route's most important feature was a ford crossing over the Swan River. However in 2006 it was removed due to environmental issues and the fact that it would wash out nearly every spring. Because of this, the road is no longer a direct route to PR 268, and large detours must be made via Lenswood or PR 366 to access areas on the east side of the Swan River.

## History

The route is no longer signed as PR 587 ultimately because of the ford crossing decommissioning described above. The portion from Bowsman to Craigsford is now a part of PR 366, which turns south at Craigsford and connects with PTH 10 near Minitonas. This part of the route continues to be heavily used. The portion of the route from Craigsford to the Lenswood Highway has seen a sharp decline in traffic since the ford crossing's removal, especially the easternmost end of the road. It is now used primarily for access to local farmland. Some provincial roadsigns still remain along this part of the route.

## InfoBox

| Provincial Road 587 | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by Rural Municipality of Minitonas | |
| Length | 19.65 km (12.21 mi) |
| Existed | 1966–2006 |
| Major junctions | |
| West end | PR 266 in Bowsman |
| Major intersections | PR 366 |
| East end | PR 268 |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Manitoba |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| PR 586   PR 588 | |


title: Manitoba Provincial Road 586

abstract: Provincial Road 586 is a former provincial road in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is sometimes called "Alpine Road".

text:
# Manitoba Provincial Road 586

**Provincial Road 586** (**PR 586**) is a former provincial road in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is sometimes called "Alpine Road".

## Route description

The route began at PTH 83 north of Durban, and met PR 486 just south of the village. From there, it ascends into the Duck Mountains. Near Alpine, the road curves towards the west and meets PTH 83 again. The route was mostly gravel, with a very small paved portion from PTH 83 to PR 486 near Durban.

## History

In the early 1990s, the Manitoba government decommissioned a number of provincial secondary roads and returned the maintenance of these roads back to the rural municipalities; PR 586 was one of these routes and is now a municipal road.

When PR 586 was decommissioned, the paved portion of the route became part of PR 486. Thus PR 486 now terminates at PTH 83 rather than in Durban. The rest of the route still sees a moderate amount of traffic and is wider than most municipal roads. Several provincial roadsigns still remain along the route.

## InfoBox

| Provincial Road 586 | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by Rural Municipality of Swan River | |
| Length | 24 km (15 mi) |
| Existed | 1966–(c) 1992 |
| Major junctions | |
| North end | PTH 83 near Durban |
| Major intersections | PR 486 |
| South end | PTH 83 near Alpine |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Manitoba |
| Rural municipalities | Swan Valley West |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| PR 584   PR 587 | |


title: Mappila Theyyam

abstract: Mappila Theyyams are a variant of Theyyam performed in North Malabar especially in Kasaragod district it is related to the Mappila Muslims of Malabar Coast. This Theyyam is deified by Mavilan, Koppalan and Vannan communities and is done with the cooperation of Hindus and Muslims. The characters of this theyyam are mostly spirits of Mappilas that are related to the local deities. The common names of male Mappila theyyams are Aali, Aandi, Mukri, Poker, Bappiriyan, Kunhali, Mammu, Mammad etc. Ummachi and Naithiyar are the common names attributed to female theyyams.The dialogues of Mappila theyyams have mentions about Islamic migration to Kerala in the 7th century and communal harmony.

text:
# Mappila Theyyam

Mappila Theyyams are a variant of Theyyam performed in North Malabar especially in Kasaragod district it is related to the Mappila Muslims of Malabar Coast. This Theyyam is deified by Mavilan, Koppalan and Vannan communities and is done with the cooperation of Hindus and Muslims. The characters of this theyyam are mostly spirits of Mappilas that are related to the local deities. The common names of male Mappila theyyams are *Aali, Aandi, Mukri, Poker, Bappiriyan, Kunhali, Mammu, Mammad* etc. *Ummachi* and *Naithiyar* are the common names attributed to female theyyams.The dialogues of Mappila theyyams have mentions about Islamic migration to Kerala in the 7th century and communal harmony.

## Legend

The origins of the legend of Mappila Theyyam traces to the kuladevata temple of *Kamballur Kottayil Tharavad* in Chittarikkal, Kasaragod district. The main deity of the temple is *Karinchamundi* however, as per folklore the spirit of an mukri of nearby Pulingome Mosque named *Kalanthan* who died under mysterious circumstances in nearby river is also merged with the main deity. In the annual theyyam proceedings of this temple *Kalanthan mukri* is represented as Mappila Theyyam along with the Chamundi theyyam. The mappila theyyam starts the divine act by offering banku (prayer call) and offering namaz. It has less ornamentation, facial drawings and captive head gears than *Chamundi theyyakolam.* This art form represents the syncretism of Mappila Muslims and harmony between Muslims and Hindus that existed in the region since olden times. The ritual traditions of Pulingome Mosque also has similar harmonious elements. The annual *Makham Uroos* conducted in the mosque begins with cooperation of seniors of Kamballur Kottayil Tharavadu.

## Other Mappila Theyyam

There are almost fifteen Mappila Theyyams that are practiced across areas that were under Kolathunadu in Kasaragod district and parts of Kannur district. . The most famous among them besides Kamballur Kottayil Chamundi theyyam are,


title: Manjeet Kullar

abstract: Manjeet Kullar is an Indian film and television actress. She is famous for her role of Devi Sati in Om Namah Shivay 1997 & for the role of nikki In Dhadkan movie 2000.

text:
# Manjeet Kullar

**Manjeet Kullar** (also known as **Manjeet Kular**) is an Indian film and television actress. She is famous for her role of Devi Sati in Om Namah Shivay 1997 & for the role of nikki In Dhadkan movie 2000.

## Career

Manjeet Kular acted very well in Om Namah Shivay as Devi Sati. Kular acted in many Hindi films including notable films like *Tehkhaana*, *Dil Ka Kya Kasoor*, *Dhadkan*, *Ikke Pe Ikka*, *Mohabbat Ke Dushman*, *Mr. Bond*, *Paandav*, *Sahiban* and *Yalgaar*. She did many Punjabi films in the 1990s, including *Mirza Sahiban*, *Vairee*, *Mirza Jatt*, *Deson Pardeson*, *Jaildaar*, *Main Maa Punjab Dee*, *Pachtawa*, and *Ishq Nachavye Gali Gali*. She also worked on some TV serials. She was last seen in 2006's hit *Mehndi Wale Hath*, where she played the role of the evil mother in law. She is currently doing two Punjabi films. One film is being directed by Sham Ralhan and the other by National Award-winning Director Balwant Dullat.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Language | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1985 | *Misaal* | Jelpa | Hindi | Credited as Manjeet Kaur |
| 1987 | *Ahsaan* |  | Hindi |  |
| 1987 | *Ahmad Suhrab Ahmadzai* |  | Hindi |  |
| 1988 | *Mohabbat Ke Dushman* |  | Hindi |  |
| 1990 | *Lootera Sultan* |  | Hindi |  |
| 1990 | *Bandh Darwaza* | Sapna | Hindi |  |
| 1991 | *Jatt Jeona Mour* | Channi | Punjabi |  |
| 1991 | *Ajooba Kudrat Ka* |  | Hindi |  |
| 1992 | *Vairi* | Raano | Punjabi |  |
| 1992 | *Mirza Jatt* | Sahiban | Punjabi |  |
| 1992 | *Dil Ka Kya Kasoor* | Anu | Hindi |  |
| 1992 | *Mr. Bond* | Reshma | Hindi |  |
| 1992 | *Yalgaar* | Lily | Hindi |  |
| 1993 | *Jid Jattan Di* | Kamaljeet Kaur 'Guddi' | Punjabi |  |
| 1993 | *Sahibaan* |  | Hindi |  |
| 1993 | *Ankhila Soorma* | Preeto | Punjabi |  |
| 1994 | *Kachehri* |  | Punjabi |  |
| 1994 | *Ikke Pe Ikka* | Kanchan | Hindi |  |
| 1995 | *Bagawat* | Channi | Punjabi |  |
| 1995 | *Paandav* | Mrs. Jyoti Kumar | Hindi |  |
| 1995 | *Zaildaar* | Billo | Punjabi |  |
| 1995 | *Muqaddar* |  | Punjabi |  |
| 1995 | *Dhee Jatt Di* | Special appearance in Song- Sassi | Punjabi |  |
| 1996 | *Ishq Nachavye Gali Gali* | Raano | Punjabi |  |
| 1996 | *Deson Pardes* |  | Punjabi |  |
| 1996 | *Pachhtawa* |  | Punjabi |  |
| 1996 | *Maahir* | Chaand | Hindi |  |
| 1997 | *Truck Driver* | Special appearance in Dance number | Punjabi |  |
| 1998 | *Main Maa Punjab Dee* | Naseeb Kaur 'Naseebo' | Punjabi | Movie won National award |
| 2000 | *Dalaal No.1* | Monica | Hindi |  |
| 2000 | *Dhadkan* | Nikki | Hindi |  |
| 2000 | *Mohabbatein* |  | Hindi |  |
| 2006 | *Mehndi Wale Hath* | Jageer Kaur | Punjabi |  |
| 2007 | *Vidroh* | Raano | Punjabi |  |

## Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1991 | *Kujh Khatta Kujh Mittha* | Jugni | Song picturisation |
| 1996 | *Dastaan-e-Hatimtai* | Fairy Queen | Antagonist |
| 1996 | *Zimbo* |  | Supporting role |
| 1997 | *Om Namah Shivay* | Goddess Sati | Lead Role |
| 1997 | *Shaktimaan* | Kaushalya/Maharani Shavalika | Supporting role |
| 1998 | *X Zone* | Kapalika | Episode-93 |
| 2000 | *Mehndi Tere Naam Ki* | Meeta Raheja | Antagonist |
| 2002 | *Aryamaan - Brahmaand Ka Yodha* | Queen Nasa | Antagonist |
| 2006 | *Mehndi Wale Haath* |  | Negative role |

## InfoBox

| Manjeet Kular | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1969-06-28) 28 June 1969 |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1985 – 2007 |
| Spouse | Sunil K. Mehan 1997-2021 |


title: Manuel Lopes Rodrigues

abstract: Manuel Lopes Rodrigues was a Brazilian Realist painter. Born in the city of Salvador, in the State of Bahia, he was initially homeschooled by his father, João Francisco Lopes Rodrigues, later entering at the Liceu de Artes e Ofícios, being taught by Miguel Navarro Cañizares. Later, he became a teacher for the Liceu, where he taught Prisciliano Silva and Alberto Valença.

text:
# Manuel Lopes Rodrigues

**Manuel Lopes Rodrigues** (December 31, 1860 — October 22, 1917) was a Brazilian Realist painter. Born in the city of Salvador, in the State of Bahia, he was initially homeschooled by his father, João Francisco Lopes Rodrigues, later entering at the *Liceu de Artes e Ofícios*, being taught by Miguel Navarro Cañizares.

Later, he became a teacher for the Liceu, where he taught Prisciliano Silva and Alberto Valença.

Some works by Lopes Rodrigues:

## InfoBox

| Manuel Lopes Rodrigues | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Born | 31 December 1860 |
| Died | 22 October 1917  (aged 56) |


title: Manuel Lozada

abstract: Manuel Lozada, nicknamed "The Tiger of Álica", was a regional caudillo based in the region of Tepic, Mexico. He was born in 1828 in the Tepic Territory, Mexico and died on July 19, 1873, in Loma de los Metates, Nayarit. During the Second French Intervention in Mexico he supported the Second Mexican Empire, but switched sides as the Empire began to falter in 1866. After the triumph of the Republic in 1867 he ran afoul of the Mexican government who had him executed as a bandit in 1873. Manuel Lozada is still considered a controversial figure in Latin American history.

text:
# Manuel Lozada

**Manuel Lozada**, nicknamed "The Tiger of Álica", was a regional *caudillo* based in the region of Tepic, Mexico. He was born in 1828 in the Tepic Territory, Mexico and died on July 19, 1873, in Loma de los Metates, Nayarit.

During the Second French Intervention in Mexico he supported the Second Mexican Empire, but switched sides as the Empire began to falter in 1866. After the triumph of the Republic in 1867 he ran afoul of the Mexican government who had him executed as a bandit in 1873. Manuel Lozada is still considered a controversial figure in Latin American history.

## Biography

Manuel Lozada was of Mestizo descent as well as being a member of the Cora tribe. He was born to Norberto Garcia and Cecilia González in 1828. His father died when he was a very young child. Lozada's mother lacked the means to raise him so he was adopted by his uncle, José María Lozada, whose surname he adopted. As a boy, he helped his uncle take care of animals on the family farm. When Lozada was young he attended the town's parochial school. He was unable to complete elementary school as he was required to contribute to the family income. This included supporting uncles, aunts, and his five cousins, three of whom died of fever at a young age.

According to a legend, Manuel Lozada grew up to be a cowboy on the Cicero Blanca hacienda of Pantaleón González. He worked as a servant to the wife of the farm owner until his death. He eloped with Maria Dolores, the farmer's daughter, for which he was arrested and sent to the Tepic jail. Once released, he was again imprisoned for searching for Maria Dolores but was released after a short period of time as a result of his mother's pleading. Once freed, Once freed, he again fled in the company of María Dolores to Sierra de Alica.

A soldier named Simón Mireles whipped Lozada publicly in the town square. This incensed Lozada who, in the company of a group of Cora natives who were discontented with the government, searched for, found, and executed the soldier. The nickname "The Tiger of Alica" was born, and this bandit and sometimes insurgent wreaked havoc for several years in the canton of Tepic.

Another less romantic version says that little is known about his early years. Lozada was a bandit who became prominent during the 1855-56 dispute between two companies in Tepic. He ceased to be a bandit when he allied himself with a prominent family of Tepic, the Rivas.

In 1857, he defeated the troops of Lieutenant Colonel José María Sánchez Román and, in 1859, he dispersed the government troops under the command of Colonel Valenzuela. On 2 November of the same year, he attacked the city of Tepic.

In the 1860s, Lozada's followers made public the demands of indigenous people for their lands. Since this happened during the French intervention in Mexico, Lozada allied himself with the French during the years of 1865–66. One of the French generals awarded Lozada cash for having supplied 3,000 men to the Imperial Army. Maximilian I of Mexico repaid him for his services by creating the province of San José de Nayarit, with Tepic as its capital, and by making Lozada a general. On 12 November 1864, after the French army took possession of Mazatlán, he and his troops entered the city.

As the French empire disintegrated, Lozada defected and supported the Mexican Republic in 1866. He publicly declared allegiance to Juárez. Juárez severed the Tepic region from the state of Jalisco, where Lozada had sworn enemies, and created a federal jurisdiction. It was expedient for Juárez, who had many problems to deal with in the immediate aftermath of the restoration of the Republic, to leave Lozada in place. Lozada urged villagers in the region via a written circular to uphold the laws of the republic and expel bandits. During this period, he strengthened his hold on the region, which was tacitly protected by Juárez. However, after Juárez's death in 1872 of a heart attack, his successor Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada went after Lozada. Lerdo authorized Corona to campaign against Lozada, who in turn raised an army of some 10,000 men to invade central Jalisco. Shot by his rival and sworn enemy General Ramón Corona, military governor of Jalisco, two of Lozada's lieutenants betrayed him and he was captured as he bathed in a mountain stream in the town of Loma de los Metates. He was summarily executed on 19 July 1873, since legal rights had been suspended for those declared bandits. Despite Lozada's death, the central government spent decades afterward attempting to bring Tepic under control.

Manuel Lozada is considered the precursor of the agrarian reform movement in Mexico and indirectly of the creation of the state of Nayarit. There are monuments in his honour in the city of Tepic, Nayarit, and the town of his birth, San Luis de Lozada.

## Further reading

* Aldana Rendón, Mario. *Rebelión agraria de Manuel Lozada: 1873*. Mexico City: Fondo de Cultura Económica 1983.
* Aldana Rendón, Mario, Pedro Luna, José M. Muriá, and Angélica Peregrina, eds. *Manuel Lozada hasta hoy*. Zapopan: El Colegio de Jalisco 2007.
* Brittsan, Zachary. *Popular Politics and Rebellion in Mexico: Manuel Lozada and La Reforma, 1855-1876*. Nashville: Vanderbilt University Press 2015.
* García de Alba, Gabriel Agraz. *Quienes resistieron al sanguinario Tigre de Álica en Tequila y lo vencieron en la batalla de La Mojonera*. Mexico City: n.p. 1997.
* Meyer, Jean. "El ocaso de Manuel Lozada" *Historia Mexicana* XVIII (1969) pp. 535–68.
* Meyer, Jean. *La tierra de Manuel Lozada*. Mexico City:CEMCA 1990.
* Meyer, Jean. "Manuel Lozada" in *Encyclopedia of Mexico*, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn 1997, 763–64.
* Paz, Ireneo. *Manuel Lozada: El tigre de Álica*. Mexico City: Factoria Ediciones 2000.
* Robinson, Amy. "Manuel Lozada and the Politics of Barbarity." *Colorado Review of Hispanic Studies* 4 (Fall 2006) 77–94.
* Salinas Solís, Manuel, ed. *Manuel Lozada: Luz y Sombra*. Mexico City: Comunicación Optima 1999.

## Other sources

## InfoBox

| Manuel Lozada | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Elpidio García González
1828
San Luis, Nayarit |
| Died | 19 July 1873
Loma de los Metales, Nayarit |
| Awards | Cruz de la Legión de Honor, France |
| Nickname(s) | *El Tigre de Álica*, (The Tiger of Álica) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Mexican Army |
| Years of service | 1864-1873 |
| Rank | General |
| Commands | Ejército Clerical Intervencionista |
| Battles/wars |  |
|  | |


title: Manuel Lora-Tamayo

abstract: Manuel Lora-Tamayo Martín was a Spanish politician who served as Minister of National Education of Spain between 1962 and 1968, during the Francoist dictatorship.

text:
# Manuel Lora-Tamayo

**Manuel Lora-Tamayo Martín** (21 January 1904  22 August 2002) was a Spanish politician who served as Minister of National Education of Spain (later renamed as Education and Science) between 1962 and 1968, during the Francoist dictatorship.

## InfoBox

| Manuel Lora-Tamayo | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Minister of Education and Science of Spain | |
| **In office**
2 June 1966  17 April 1968 | |
| Prime Minister | Francisco Franco |
| Preceded by | *Himself* (National Education) |
| Succeeded by | José Luis Villar Palasí |
| Minister of National Education of Spain | |
| **In office**
11 July 1962  2 June 1966 | |
| Prime Minister | Francisco Franco |
| Preceded by | Jesús Rubio García-Mina |
| Succeeded by | *Himself* (Education and Science) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Manuel Lora-Tamayo Martín
(1904-01-21)21 January 1904
Jerez de la Frontera, Kingdom of Spain |
| Died | 22 August 2002(2002-08-22) (aged 98)
Madrid, Spain |
| Political party | Nonpartisan (National Movement) |
| Children | Emilio Lora-Tamayo |
|  | |


abstract: The U.S. Post Office in Cordele, Georgia is a historic building built during 1912–13. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 29, 1984. It is located at 102-104 6th Street. James Knox Taylor is credited as the building's architect and its architectural design is considered Renaissance Revival architecture. Its NRHP nomination deemed it to be "a fine example of Taylor's efforts to provide the smaller communities with buildings that embodied the style of the Renaissance Revival" and compared it to The Louvre, Saint Paul's Cathedral, the banqueting house of Whitehall, and the Petit Trianon of Versailles.

text:
# United States Post Office (Cordele, Georgia)

The **U.S. Post Office** in Cordele, Georgia is a historic building built during 1912–13. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on June 29, 1984. It is located at 102-104 6th Street. James Knox Taylor is credited as the building's architect and its architectural design is considered Renaissance Revival architecture.

Its NRHP nomination deemed it to be "a fine example of Taylor's efforts to provide the smaller communities with buildings that embodied the style of the Renaissance Revival" and compared it to The Louvre, Saint Paul's Cathedral, the banqueting house of Whitehall, and the Petit Trianon of Versailles.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| US Post Office--Cordele | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 102-104 6th St., Cordele, Georgia |
| Coordinates | 31°58′7″N 83°46′54″W / 31.96861°N 83.78167°W / 31.96861; -83.78167 |
| Area | 0.4 acres (0.16 ha) |
| Built | 1912-13 |
| Architect | James Knox Taylor |
| Architectural style | Renaissance |
| NRHP reference No. | 84000977 |
| Added to NRHP | June 29, 1984 |


title: Heinrich Müller-Breslau

abstract: Heinrich Franz Bernhard Müller was a German civil engineer and high school teacher. He provided significant contributions to the theory of beams and frames in structural analysis. Müller-Breslau was both a practicing engineer and theoretical researcher during his lifetime. He brought the previously separate elements of classical structural analysis together in a unified theory of beams and frames. He systematized the computational methods, in particular the principle of virtual displacements, and applied the energy sets systematically. He also calculated structures of airships. After finishing school in 1869, he fought in the Franco-Prussian War, after which he began to study at the Berlin Trade Academy in 1871. He also attended lectures in mathematics taught by Elwin Bruno Christoffel and Karl Weierstrass at Berlin University. As a student he helped fellow students of the School of Architecture with their revision of structural analysis and prepared them for the second state examination. Based on this teaching he compiled his first textbook Elementares Handbuch der Festigkeitslehre in 1875. Two years later he wrote contributions on elasticity and strength as well as structural mechanics for Hütte - Des Ingenieurs Tachenbuch.

text:
# Heinrich Müller-Breslau

**Heinrich Franz Bernhard Müller** (May 13, 1851 in Breslau – April 24, 1925 in Grunewald, Berlin, known as **Müller-Breslau** from around 1875 to distinguish him from other people with similar names) was a German civil engineer and high school teacher. He provided significant contributions to the theory of beams and frames in structural analysis.

Müller-Breslau was both a practicing engineer and theoretical researcher during his lifetime. He brought the previously separate elements of classical structural analysis together in a unified theory of beams and frames. He systematized the computational methods, in particular the principle of virtual displacements, and applied the energy sets systematically. He also calculated structures of airships.

After finishing school in 1869, he fought in the Franco-Prussian War, after which he began to study at the Berlin Trade Academy in 1871. He also attended lectures in mathematics taught by Elwin Bruno Christoffel and Karl Weierstrass at Berlin University. As a student he helped fellow students of the School of Architecture with their revision of structural analysis and prepared them for the second state examination. Based on this teaching he compiled his first textbook *Elementares Handbuch der Festigkeitslehre* (Elementary handbook of the strength of materials) in 1875. Two years later he wrote contributions on elasticity and strength as well as structural mechanics for *Hütte - Des Ingenieurs Tachenbuch* (Hütte's engineer's handbook).


title: Nemophila heterophylla

abstract: Nemophila heterophylla is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name small baby blue eyes. It is native to Oregon and California north of the Transverse Ranges. It grows in many types of habitat, from valley chaparral to mountain talus.

text:
# Nemophila heterophylla

***Nemophila heterophylla*** is a species of flowering plant in the borage family known by the common name **small baby blue eyes**.

It is native to Oregon and California north of the Transverse Ranges. It grows in many types of habitat, from valley chaparral to mountain talus.

## Description

*Nemophila heterophylla* is an annual herb with a fleshy but delicate and usually hairy stem. The lower leaves are oppositely arranged and divided into several wide lobes. Upper leaves are smaller, narrower, and alternately arranged.

Flowers are solitary, each on a short pedicel. The flower has a calyx of sepals each a few millimeters long, pointed, and covered with long hairs, and there are reflexed appendages between the sepals. The bowl-shaped flower corolla is white or blue and a few millimeters to over a centimeter wide.

The fruit is a capsule which develops within the calyx of sepals and contains a few yellowish seeds.

## InfoBox

| *Nemophila heterophylla* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Boraginales |
| Family: | Boraginaceae |
| Genus: | *Nemophila* |
| Species: | ***N. heterophylla*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Nemophila heterophylla***<br>Fisch. & C.A.Mey. | |
|


title: Oxytocin receptor

abstract: The oxytocin receptor, also known as OXTR, is a protein which functions as receptor for the hormone and neurotransmitter oxytocin. In humans, the oxytocin receptor is encoded by the OXTR gene which has been localized to human chromosome 3p25.

text:
# Oxytocin receptor

The **oxytocin receptor**, also known as **OXTR**, is a protein which functions as receptor for the hormone and neurotransmitter oxytocin. In humans, the oxytocin receptor is encoded by the *OXTR* gene which has been localized to human chromosome 3p25.

## Function and location

The OXTR protein belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor family, specifically Gq, and acts as a receptor for oxytocin. Its activity is mediated by G proteins that activate several different second messenger systems.

Oxytocin receptors are expressed by the myoepithelial cells of the mammary gland, and in both the myometrium and endometrium of the uterus at the end of pregnancy. The oxytocin-oxytocin receptor system plays an important role as an inducer of uterine contractions during parturition and of milk ejection.

OXTR is also associated with the central nervous system. The gene is believed to play a major role in social, cognitive, and emotional behavior. A decrease in OXTR expression by methylation of the *OXTR* gene is associated with Callous and unemotional traits in adolescence, rigid thinking in anorexia nervosa, problems with facial and emotional recognition, and difficulties in the affect regulation. A reduction in this gene is believed to lead to prenatal stress, postnatal depression, and social anxiety. Further research must be gathered before concluding these findings, however strong evidence is pointing in this direction. Studies on *OXTR* methylation—which downregulates oxytocin mechanisms—suggest this process is associated with increased gray matter density in the amygdala, implicating *OXTR* regulation in stress and parasympathetic regulation.

In some mammals, oxytocin receptors are also found in the kidney and heart.

### Mesolimbic dopamine pathways

The oxytocinergic circuit projecting from the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PVN) innervates the ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopaminergic neurons that project to the nucleus accumbens, i.e., the mesolimbic pathway. Activation of the PVN→VTA projection by oxytocin affects sexual, social, and addictive behavior via this link to the mesolimbic pathway; specifically, oxytocin exerts a prosexual and prosocial effect in this region.

## Polymorphism

The receptors for oxytocin (OXTR) have genetic differences with varied effects on individual behavior. The polymorphism (rs53576) occurs on the third intron of OXTR in three types: GG, AG, AA. The GG allele is connected with oxytocin levels in people . A-allele carrier individuals are associated with more sensitivity to stress, fewer social skills, and more mental health issues than the GG-carriers.

In a study looking at empathy and stress, individuals with the allele GG scored higher than A-carrier individuals in a "Reading the Mind in the Eyes" test. GG carriers, with their naturally higher levels of oxytocin , were better able to distinguish between emotions. A-allele carriers responded with more stress to stressful situations than GG-allele carriers. A-allele carriers had lower scores on psychological resources, like optimism, mastery, and self-esteem, than GG individuals when measured with factor analysis for depressive symptomology and psychological resources, along with the Beck Depression Inventory. A-allele carriers had higher depressive symptomology and lower psychological resources than GG individuals. A-allele individuals scored lower in human sociality than GG people on a Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire. AA individuals had the lowest amygdala activation while processing emotionally salient information and those with GG had the highest activity when tested using BOLD during an fMRI. On the other hand, variations at the CD38 rs3796863 and OXTR rs53576 loci were not associated with psychosocial characteristics of adolescents assessed with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ); in studies with a similar design, authors recommend replication with larger samples and greater power to detect small effects, especially in age–sex subgroups of adolescents.

The frequency of the A allele varies among ethnic groups, being significantly more common among East Asians than Europeans.

Some evidence suggests an association between OXTR gene polymorphism, IQ, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Studies have done research focusing on variants in the third intron of the gene, a region that is strongly correlated with personality traits and ASD. OXTR knockout mice have shown abnormal behaviors such as social impairments and aggressiveness. These abnormalities can be reduced with oxytocin or oxytocin agonist administration. Overall, the study suggests that rare variants are considerably more abundant in individuals with ASD compared to that of a normal individual, however further research with larger sample sizes must be completed before concluding any information.

## Ligands

Several selective ligands for the oxytocin receptor have recently been developed, but close similarity between the oxytocin and related vasopressin receptors make it difficult to achieve high selectivity with peptide derivatives. However the search for a druggable, non-peptide template has led to several potent, highly selective, orally bioavailable oxytocin antagonists. Oxytocin receptor agonists have also been developed.

### Agonists

Peptide Non-peptide

### Antagonists

Peptide Non-peptide

*This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.*

## InfoBox

| OXTR | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | OXTR, OT-R, oxytocin receptor | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 167055; MGI: 109147; HomoloGene: 20255; GeneCards: OXTR; OMA:OXTR - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_000916   NM\_001081147   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_000907
NP\_001341582
NP\_001341583
NP\_001341584
NP\_001341585   NP\_001074616   Location (UCSC) n/a Chr 6: 112.45 – 112.47 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Ōsanbashi Pier

abstract: Ōsanbashi Pier is the main international passenger pier at the Port of Yokohama, located in Naka Ward, Yokohama, Japan. Ōsanbashi is the oldest pier in Yokohama, originally constructed between 1889 and 1896. Major cruise ships such as the Queen Elizabeth 2 were at one time embarked here, although 90,000 GWT ships such as MS Queen Elizabeth are often obliged to use nearby container terminals owing to their enormous size. The pier is also known as one of the best places to see the Yokohama Three Towers

text:
# Ōsanbashi Pier

**Ōsanbashi Pier** (大さん橋, *ōsanbashi*, pronounced \[oːsambaɕi\]) is the main international passenger pier at the Port of Yokohama, located in Naka Ward, Yokohama, Japan. Ōsanbashi is the oldest pier in Yokohama, originally constructed between 1889 and 1896.

Major cruise ships such as the Queen Elizabeth 2 were at one time embarked here, although 90,000 GWT ships such as MS Queen Elizabeth are often obliged to use nearby container terminals owing to their enormous size. The pier is also known as one of the best places to see the Yokohama Three Towers (The King, Queen and the Jack)

## History

The Port of Yokohama was opened in 1859 as a direct result of the signing of the Treaty of Amity and Commerce, and the Ansei Treaties signed between the Tokugawa Shogunate and the governments of the United States, Great Britain, France, The Netherlands and Russia. Yokohama grew rapidly as a treaty port and commercial center due to its proximity to Tokyo, natural deep water harbour and protection from strong winds by the Honmoku bluff.

Initially the port only offered two small stone wharfs for visiting ships, built on the current site of the modern Ōsanbashi Pier. The two wharfs, known as the French and English Hatoba, were too shallow for the ocean going ships to dock, and so barges were used to carry passengers and freight to and from the ships in the outer harbour. In 1894, the Japanese government provided funding for an extended steel pier to replace the English Hatoba. Designed by British engineer, Henry Spencer Palmer, the new pier was able to accommodate up to four ships simultaneously.

Although the pier was repaired and enlarged several times, it survived the 1923 Great Kantō earthquake, and the bombing raids of World War II largely intact. During the occupation the pier was renamed South Pier and remained under occupation forces control until 1952.

In 1964, a reconstruction of Ōsanbashi Passenger Terminal was completed in time before the 1964 Tokyo Olympics.

## Current pier

To meet modern demands, Ōsanbashi Pier was again reconstructed between 1988 and 2002. The newly reconstructed passenger terminal is named the *Yokohama International Passenger Terminal*, designed by Foreign Office Architects (Alejandro Zaera-Polo and Farshid Moussavi), the pier was the subject of a major international design competition attracting over 660 entries. The new pier can accommodate up to four 30,000-ton class ships or two 70,000-ton class ships at the same time. The departure/arrival lobby, ticketing booth, customs, immigration, large multipurpose hall, shops and cafe are all on the 2nd floor of this terminal. There is a parking facility on the 1st floor, and an extensive, gently curving observation deck with planted grass areas, open to the public on the rooftop.

The Port and City of Yokohama developed other renovation and construction projects in the waterfront area, such as the Minato Mirai 21 project, in this time frame.

## InfoBox

| Yokohama International Passenger Terminal | |
| --- | --- |
| Ōsanbashi, International Passenger Terminal, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Yokohama, Japan |
| Opening | 2002 |
| Technical details | |
| Floor area | 34,732 m2 (373,850 sq ft) |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Foreign Office Architects |
| Main contractor | Shimizu Corporation, Toa Construction Corporation |


title: New Formalism

abstract: New Formalism is a late 20th- and early 21st-century movement in American poetry that has promoted a return to metrical, rhymed verse and narrative poetry on the grounds that all three are necessary if American poetry is to compete with novels and regain its former popularity among the American people.

text:
# New Formalism

**New Formalism** is a late 20th- and early 21st-century movement in American poetry that has promoted a return to metrical, rhymed verse and narrative poetry on the grounds that all three are necessary if American poetry is to compete with novels and regain its former popularity among the American people.

## Background

The formal innovations of Modernist poetry, inspired by Walt Whitman and popularized by Ezra Pound, Edgar Lee Masters, and T.S. Eliot, led to the widespread publication of free verse during the early 20th century. By the 1920s, debates about the value of free verse versus formal poetry were filling the pages of American literary journals.

Meanwhile, many poets chose to continue working predominantly in traditional forms, such as Robert Frost, Richard Wilbur, and Anthony Hecht. Formal verse also continued being written by American poets associated with the New Criticism, including John Crowe Ransom, Robert Penn Warren and Allen Tate.

During the 1950s, the second coming of "The Free Verse Revolution" was inspired by the writings of Beat Generation poets Allen Ginsberg, Kenneth Rexroth, and of Imagist poet William Carlos Williams. The Second Free Verse Revolution also introduced into American poetry, according to Frederick Feirstein and Frederick Turner, the Silent Generation's much wider "revolt against the social conventions of Puritan America", which was reflected by the Greaser subculture of the era and the Rock and Roll music of Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Bill Haley, and Elvis Presley.

As a result, it became more expected for poets to experiment and, with the rise of Confessional poetry, the writing and publication of non-autobiographical and non-Left wing verse became unfashionable. As often happens in literature and the arts, however, what had begun as an anti-establishment counterculture seeking freedom from constraint hardened over time into an authoritarian literary elite which opposed innovation and expressed hostility to both older and younger poets who refused to conform to its dictates.

According to Feirstein and Turner,

> "It is hard to imagine in 1989 how narrow and doctrinaire was the world of poetry in the seventies when the poets in the movement began to mature. Both narrative and meter were considered at best out of date and at worst the instruments of bourgeois capitalism. Ignoring the strict meter and narrative impulses of blues and country and western lyrics, the high priests of the ruling ideology proclaimed that narrative and meter were elitist European importations and that the true American voice could only be heard in free verse. These views went together with a pose of the poet as resenting and rebelling against the poets cultural past and that of society at large. Although he or she invariably taught in a university, the poseurs would express profound hostility to the intellectual imagination, especially in the forms of science and technology, and a sentimental preference for nature over culture. The poseurs often would be gleefully pessimistic about the future which would seem to justify their solipsistic confessions about their darkly perceived past."

In an essay that he admitted was similarly intended to provoke, R.S. Gwynn wrote in similar terms about American poetry of the 1970s,

> "The tribal music of Poetryland -- the murky manifestos of Projective Verse and breath-units, the proliferation of cut-rate knock-offs of *Howl* and *Daddy*, the shamanism of the Deep Image and the multiform brain -- had begun to resemble ritualized incantations, mumbled by the multitudes of but comprehended by few, and a sense emerged that certain types of poetry had overstayed their welcome."

An early sign of a revival of interest in traditional poetic forms was the publication of Lewis Turco's *The Book of Forms: A Handbook of Poetics* in 1968. In the early 1970s X. J. Kennedy started publishing the short-lived magazine *Counter/Measures* which was devoted to the use of traditional form in poetry. A few other editors around this time were sympathetic to formal poetry, but the mainstream continued to oppose rhyme and meter.

Meanwhile, aspiring Formalist poets from both the Silent and Baby Boomer Generations were still able to attend classes taught by older professors, including Yvor Winters, Robert Fitzgerald, and Elizabeth Bishop, who continued to teach both literary criticism and the craft of writing poetry in a more traditional way.

In a 2021 interview, Dana Gioia said that while New Formalism and New Narrative are the most controversial responses in American poetry to the Second Free Verse Revolution, they are only one facet of an enormous grassroots movement. Gioia elaborates,

> "If I go back to 1975 when I was leaving Harvard, I was told by the world experts in poetry that rhyme and meter were dead, narrative was dead in poetry. Poetry would become ever more complex, which meant that it could only appeal to an elite audience, and finally, that the African American voice in poetry rejected these European things and would take this experimental form. What the intellectuals in the United States did was we took poetry away from common people. We took rhyme away, we took narrative away, we took the ballad away, and the common people reinvented it. The greatest one of these was Kool Herc in the South Bronx, who invented what we now think of as rap and hip hop. Within about ten years, it went from non-existent to being the most widely purchased form of popular music. We saw in our own lifetime something akin to Homer, the reinvention of popular oral poetry. There were parallels in the revival of slam poetry, cowboy poetry, and new formalism, so at every little social group, people from the ground up reinvented poetry because the intellectuals had taken it away from them."

In what William Baer has seen as the beginning of New Formalism, Rachel Hadas published her first chapbook in 1975, Charles Martin published his first collection in 1978, and Timothy Steele's first book of poems appeared in 1979.

Frederick Feirstein and Frederick Turner, on the other hand, first became aware that New Formalism existed during a 1981 conversation with Dick Allen at the "Minetta Tavern" in Greenwich Village. Turner had just published the provocative essay "Mighty Poets in Their Misery Dead: A Polemic on the Contemporary Poetry Scene" in *Missouri Review* and had immediately heard from many fellow Formalist poets. Meanwhile, Feirstein was already corresponding with West Coast Formalist poets, including Charles Martin and Dana Gioia. Turner and Feirstein later recalled, "We began to see ourselves as a distinct movement of many people. We saw each other's work begin to appear consistently in the literary journals."

Other literary scholars, including Robert McPhillips and Gerry Cambridge, date the beginning of New Formalism from the publication of Diane Wakoski's 1986 polemic essay "The New Conservatism in American Poetry" and the irate defenses that same essay provoked from Robert Mezey, Lewis Turco, David Radavich, Brian Richards, and Dana Gioia.

## Early history

One of the first rumbles of the conflict that was to provide the impetus to create New Formalism as a specific movement, came with the publication in 1977 of an issue of the *Mississippi Review* called 'Freedom and Form: American Poets Respond'. The late 1970s saw the publication of a few collections by poets working in traditional forms, including *Comforting the Wilderness* (1977) by Robert B. Shaw, *Room for Error* (1978) by Charles Martin, and Timothy Steele's *Uncertainties and Rest* (1979). In 1980 Mark Jarman and Robert McDowell started the small magazine *The Reaper* to promote narrative and formal poetry. In 1981 Jane Greer launched *Plains Poetry Journal*, which published new work in traditional forms. In 1984 McDowell started Story Line Press which has since published some New Formalist poets. *The Reaper* ran for ten years. Frederick Feirstein's *Expansive Poetry* (1989) gathered various essays on the New Formalism and the related movement New Narrative, under the umbrella term 'Expansive Poetry'.

From 1983 the onset of "neoformalism" was noted in the annual poetry roundups in the yearbooks of *The Dictionary of Literary Biography*, and through the mid-1980s heated debates on the topic of formalism were carried on in several journals. 1986 saw the publication of Vikram Seth's *The Golden Gate: A Novel in Verse* and the anthology *Strong Measures: Contemporary American Poetry in Traditional Forms*.

## The Poetry Wars

As the pioneers of the movement were joined in print by a growing number other young formalist poets, the dispute that had begun in the 1920s and 1950s reignited and would later be dubbed *the Poetry Wars* by literary critics and historians. This time, however, Free Verse poets, many of whom were English professors and veterans of the 1960s Counterculture, found themselves in the ironic position of being The Establishment.

The term 'New Formalism' was first used by Ariel Dawson in the article "The Yuppie Poet" in the May 1985 issue of the AWP Newsletter, which was a polemic against returning to traditional poetic forms. Dawson's article accused the New Formalist poets not only of social conservatism, but also of yuppie capitalism, consumerism, and greed; an allegation that would be repeated many times in the future.

Meanwhile, Frederick Turner and psychologist and neuroscientist Ernst Pöppel of the Max Planck Institute in Munich, West Germany, made a scientific breakthrough by proving "that regular rhythm actually induces the brain to release pleasure-creating endorphins" and, in 1985, they published their findings in the award-winning essay *The Neural Lyre: Poetic Meter, the Brain, and Time* in the magazine *Poetry*.

In 1986, Diane Wakoski, a deep image poet, literary critic, and professor at Michigan State University, published the essay *The New Conservatism in American Poetry*. The essay was provoked when Wakoski attended a Modern Language Association conference in which old Formalist John Hollander spoke critically, according to Robert McPhillips, of college and university "creative writing programs and the general slackness of most free verse."

In a critique which Robert McPhillips has called "less aesthetic than it is political", Wakoski recalled about Hollander's remarks, "I thought that I heard the Devil speaking to me." Hollander was, Wakoski alleged, "a man full of spite, from lack of recognition and thinly disguised anger... who was frustrated and petty from that frustration," as he was "denouncing the free verse revolution, denouncing the poetry which is the fulfillment of the Whitman heritage, making defensive jokes about the ill-educated, slovenly writers of poetry who have been teaching college poetry classes for the past decade, allowing their students to write drivel and go out into the world, illiterate of poetry." Wakoski then turned her attack against the younger poets, whom she called "really the spokesmen for the new conservatism," which she called an unfortunate continuation of the legacies of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, T.S. Eliot, and Robert Frost.

According to Gerry Cambridge, "This attack generated five responses, from Robert Mezey, Lewis Turco, David Radavich, Brian Richards, and Dana Gioia. Most of them denied any necessary link between aesthetic and politics, in particular between form and conservatism, citing Ezra Pound as an example of a Fascist who wrote free verse. They also criticized as a kind of cultural fascism Wakoski's intolerance of literary pluralism, paradoxically in the guise of a democratic Whitmanism that declared form to be un-American. Gioia compared her tone and content to 'the quest for pure Germanic culture led by the late Joseph Goebbels.' He entertainingly suggested 'the radical notion' that whatever poetry was written by Americans constituted American poetry. Wakoski's polemic and these responses were the first public controversy about the young movement."

Despite more recent arguments against political stereotyping by Progressive New Formalist poets, such as Paul Lake in the 1988 essay, *Towards a Liberal Poetics* and by A.E. Stallings in the 2010 essay *Afro-Formalism*, as Dana Gioia wrote in 1987, "for many writers the discussion between formal and free-verse has become an encoded political debate."

Therefore, the Poetry Wars continued and poets who wrote free verse and Confessional poetry were alleged to be social progressives, anti-racists, and as New Left socialists. New Formalist and New Narrative poets, on the other hand, were stereotyped as old money White Anglo-Saxon Protestant preppies and as Anglophiles filled with hatred of the American Revolution and nostalgia for the British Empire. American poetry in traditional verse forms was, according to polemicists defending "The Free Verse Revolution", reactionary, Eurocentric, un-American, white supremacist, and even fascist.

For female New Formalists, The Poetry Wars meant accusations of betraying their gender and the cause of feminism; as Annie Finch wrote in 1994 in the Introduction to *A Formal Feeling Comes: Poems in Form by Contemporary Women*, "Readers who have been following the discussion of the 'New Formalism' over the last decade may not expect to find such a diversity of writers and themes in a book of formal poems; the poems collected here contradict the popular assumption that formal poetics correspond to reactionary politics and elitist aesthetics. The passion for form unites these many and diverse poets."

Similar accusations were unleashed against minority New Formalists and, in an essay of her own, Dominican-American poet and novelist Julia Alvarez defended her decision to write in languages and verse forms introduced to the New World by English and Spanish colonialists, while simultaneously subverting them by using those languages and verse forms to "say what's important to me as a woman and as a Latina."

## Later history

In 1990 William Baer started *The Formalist* and the first issue contained poems by, among others, Howard Nemerov, Richard Wilbur, and Donald Justice. The magazine ran twice a year for fifteen years, with the fall/winter 2004 issue being the last. *The Formalist* was succeeded by *Measure: A Review of Formal Poetry,* which is published biannually by the University of Evansville.

Since 1995, West Chester University has held an annual poetry conference with a special focus on formal poetry and New Formalism. Despite his original reluctance, the involvement of Richard Wilbur as the keynote speaker at the first conference in 1995 was a major reason for both its success and subsequent continuation. Richard Wilbur also continued to attend the Conference and teach classes there on the poets craft until well into his nineties. Every year the Robert Fitzgerald Prosody Award is awarded as part of the West Chester Poetry Conference.

Dominican-American poet Rhina Espaillat, who attended the first West Chester Poetry Conference as a student, has used her subsequent position as a teacher at the Conference to introduce her students to verse forms from Spanish and Latin American poetry, including the décima and the ovillejo. This has led to those verse forms being introduced into English-language poetry by Espaillat's students.

Dick Davis, a Persophile, University-trained Iranologist, and award-winning translator of Persian poetry, and Agha Shahid Ali, a Qizilbash Kashmiri Shiite Muslim and composer of Ghazals in American English, are also considered to be New Formalists.

Within New Formalism there are also several living authors of Christian poetry. They include Dana Gioia, Frederick Turner, David Middleton, and James Matthew Wilson.

Modern Christian poetry may be found in anthologies and in several Christian magazines such as *Commonweal*, *Christian Century* and *Sojourners*. Poetry by a new generation of Catholic poets appears in *St. Austin Review*, *Dappled Things*, *The Lamp*, and *First Things*.

## Legacy

During the early 21st century, poems in traditional forms were once again being published more widely, and the new formalist movement was winding down.

In 2001 the American poet Leo Yankevich founded *The New Formalist*, which published among others the poets Jared Carter and Keith Holyoak.

Meanwhile, the movement was still not without its detractors. In the November/December 2003 issue of *P. N. Review*, N. S. Thompson wrote: "While movements do need a certain amount of bombast to fuel interest, they have to be backed up by a certain artistic success. In hindsight, the movement seems to be less of a poetic revolution and more a marketing campaign."

Since then, the effects of new formalism have been observed in the broader domain of general poetry; a survey of successive editions of various general anthologies showed an increase in the number of villanelles included in the post-mid-'80s editions. The publication of books concerned with poetic form has also increased. Lewis Turco's *Book of Forms* from 1968 was revised and reissued in 1986 under the title 'New Book of Forms. Alfred Corn's *The Poem's Heartbeat*, Mary Oliver's *Rules of the Dance*, and Stephen Fry's *The Ode Less Travelled* are other examples of this trend. The widely used anthology *An Exaltation of Forms: Contemporary Poets Celebrate the Diversity of Their Art* (University of Michigan Press, 2002), edited by Annie Finch and Kathrine Varnes, defines formalist poetry as a form on a par with experimental, free verse, and even prose poetry.

In a 2010 essay, Philhellene poet A.E. Stallings, whose poetry has been favorably compared with that of both Richard Wilbur and Edna St. Vincent Millay, expressed regret that the writing of formal verse in American poetry remained "an oddly politicized choice". Stallings added that female and minority New Formalists continued to be "criticized" as part of what she dubbed "that false dichotomy of free verse = democracy and empowerment and progress whereas formal verse = oppression and elitism and kowtowing to dead white males."

Later in that same essay, however, Stallings described listening to African-American poet Erica Dawson, "who has something like rock star status in the formal world", as Dawson described how "A decade ago she was told at a recitation contest that 'form was dead' but now she has served as judge at that same contest. She exuded confidence and vindication, taking on the canon in her own terms."

In a 2022 interview with *St. Austin Review* co-editor Joseph Pearce, Polish journalist Anna Szyda from the literary magazine *Magna Polonia* explained that the nihilism of modern American poetry is widely noticed and commented upon in the Third Polish Republic as reflecting "the deleterious influence of the contemporary civilisation on the American soul." In response, StAR co-editor Joseph Pearce described "the neo-formalist revival" inspired by the late Richard Wilbur and how it has been reflected in recent verse by the Catholic poets whom he and Robert Asch publish in StAR. Pearce said that the Catholic faith and optimism of the younger generation of Catholic poets made him feel hope for the future.

In a 2016 interview with John Cusatis, Dana Gioia explained, "Literary movements are always temporary. They last a decade or so, and then they die or merge into the mainstream. The best New Formalist poets gradually became mainstream figures. There was no climax to the so-called Poetry Wars, only slow assimilation and change. Free and formal verse gradually ceased to be considered polar opposites. Form became one of the available styles of contemporary practice. Today one finds poems in rhyme and meter in most literary magazines. New Formalism became so successful that it no longer needed to exist."

## New Formalist canon

The 2004 West Chester Conference had a by-invitation-only critical seminar on 'Defining the Canon of New Formalism', in which the following anthologies were discussed:

* *Rebel Angels: 25 Poets of the New Formalism* edited by Mark Jarman and David Mason, 1996.
* *The Direction of Poetry: An Anthology of Rhymed and Metered Verse Written in the English Language since 1975,* edited by Robert Richman
* *A Formal Feeling Comes: Poems in Form by Contemporary Women,* edited by Annie Finch, 1993

## Further reading


title: Murali Meets Meera

abstract: Murali Meets Meera is a 2011 Kannada film in the romance genre starring Prajwal Devaraj and Reema Vohra in the lead roles. The film has been directed and written by director Mahesh Rao and produced by Yogish Hunsur. Abhiman Roy has composed the soundtrack and the background score. The film was released on 22 April 2011.

text:
# Murali Meets Meera

***Murali Meets Meera*** is a 2011 Kannada film in the romance genre starring Prajwal Devaraj and Reema Vohra in the lead roles . The film has been directed and written by director Mahesh Rao and produced by Yogish Hunsur. Abhiman Roy has composed the soundtrack and the background score. The film was released on 22 April 2011.

## Plot

The film is based on a novel love story with recession and its aftermath as the backdrop

## Cast

## Awards

Karnataka State Film Awards: Best Female Dubbing Artist - Anushree

## Soundtrack

Abhiman Roy has composed the music for the film. The song "Neenadena" sung by Avinash Chebbi became sensational hit which was originally planned with a different style. Eventually the track song became the actual song winning many hearts. Another song "Ninna Mukha Nodi" became an anthem for all those in love.

| Song Title | Singers |
| --- | --- |
| "Neenadhe Naa" | Avinash Chebbi |
| "Ninna Mukha Nodi" | Rajesh Krishnan |
| "Ondu Chandra" | Ananya Bhagath, Bhadri Prasad |
| "Scenu Hodi" | G Erappa, L R Ramanujam, Ajneesh, Ritesh |
| "Baaninda Minchondu" | P. Kiran Sagar |
| "Neenadhe Naa" | Supriya Ramakrishnayya |
| "Your Eyes Are Lying" | Avinash Chebbi |

## Reception

### Critical response

A critic from *The Times of India* scored the film at 4 out of 5 stars and says "Full marks to Prajwal Devaraj for his brilliant performance. Reema Vohra is simply superb. Harshika shines. Music by Abhiman Roy and camera by Jai Anand are impressive". A critic from NDTV wrote "The highlight of the film is the climax and the sequences leading to it. Mahesh Rao has succeeded in narrating this important part of the film quite well". Shruti Indira Lakshminarayana from Rediff.com scored the film at 2 out of 5 stars and wrote "Abhiman Roy's music is soothing, but it is not compelling enough to make way into your mp3 players. Lighting and camera work add weightage to the film. Murli Meets Meera is a love story sans sleaze and compulsive romantic film watchers may consider giving the film a try". Sunayana Suresh from DNA wrote "One does get the feeling that there could’ve been someone more seasoned to carry off the multi-layered character of Meera, played by Reema, which would have clinched it for the film. The story is breezy and is quite Gen Next. Good music and a nice storyline - go for this one".

## InfoBox

| Murali Meets Meera | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Mahesh Rao |
| Produced by | Yogish Hunsur |
| Starring | Prajwal Devaraj
Reema Vohra
Harshika Poonacha |
| Cinematography | Jai Anand |
| Music by | Abhiman Roy |
| Release date | * 22 April 2011 (2011-04-22) |
| Country | India |
| Language | Kannada |


title: Potters Bar Clinic

abstract: The Potters Bar Clinic is a mental health hospital in Hertfordshire, UK which has 23 acute beds. It is currently owned and run by Elysium Healthcare. The hospital has two wards, Ruby and Crystal originally for men and women respectively. Since then the hospital has been providing CAMHS Tier 4 Low Secure services for young people aged 13 to 18. The hospital was rated an overall Good by CQC in 2019 but the CQC expressed "serious concerns" about the standard of care. There is a school on the premises called the Potters Bar Clinic School with capacity for 30 pupils. The school was last inspected in December 2020. This hospital has featured in the Mirror newspaper and, separately, in the Telegraph for poor practises and other failings. Among the numerous mental health hospitals run by Elysium Healthcare is the Rhodes Wood Hospital which is not far from the Potters Bar Clinic and patients are sometimes moved between the two locations.

text:
# Potters Bar Clinic

The **Potters Bar Clinic** is a mental health hospital in Hertfordshire, UK which has 23 acute beds. It is currently owned and run by Elysium Healthcare. The hospital has two wards, Ruby and Crystal originally for men and women respectively. Since then the hospital has been providing CAMHS Tier 4 Low Secure services for young people aged 13 to 18.

The hospital was rated an overall Good by CQC in 2019 but the CQC expressed "serious concerns" about the standard of care.

There is a school on the premises called the Potters Bar Clinic School with capacity for 30 pupils. The school was last inspected in December 2020.

This hospital has featured in the Mirror newspaper and, separately, in the Telegraph for poor practises and other failings.

Among the numerous mental health hospitals run by Elysium Healthcare is the Rhodes Wood Hospital which is not far from the Potters Bar Clinic and patients are sometimes moved between the two locations.


title: Evelin Lanthaler

abstract: Evelin Lanthaler is an Italian luger who has competed since 2007. A natural track luger, she won a silver medal in the women's singles event at the FIL European Luge Natural Track Championships 2010 in St. Sebastian, Austria.

text:
# Evelin Lanthaler

**Evelin Lanthaler** (born 6 May 1991) is an Italian luger who has competed since 2007. A natural track luger, she won a silver medal in the women's singles event at the FIL European Luge Natural Track Championships 2010 in St. Sebastian, Austria.

## InfoBox

Evelin Lanthaler
| Lanthaler in 2022 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1991-05-06) 6 May 1991 |
| Medal record      Natural track luge  Representing  Italy  European Championships  2010 St. Sebastian Women's singles | |


title: Vučipolje (Bugojno)

abstract: Vučipolje is a village in the municipality of Bugojno, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

text:
# Vučipolje (Bugojno)

**Vučipolje** is a village in the municipality of Bugojno, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 999.

Ethnicity in 2013
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bosniaks | 564 | 56.5% |
| Croats | 422 | 42.2% |
| Serbs | 1 | 0.1% |
| other/undeclared | 12 | 1.2% |
| **Total** | **999** | **100%** |

## InfoBox

| Vučipolje | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Vučipolje | |
| Coordinates: 44°02′41″N 17°28′04″E / 44.0447°N 17.4678°E / 44.0447; 17.4678 | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Entity | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Canton | Central Bosnia |
| Municipality | Bugojno |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.59 sq mi (4.11 km2) |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 999 |
| Density | 630/sq mi (240/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: W. Gregory Wims

abstract: William Gregory Wims is an American politician, businessman, and community volunteer who is currently a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from District 39.

text:
# W. Gregory Wims

**William Gregory Wims** (born September 2, 1949) is an American politician, businessman, and community volunteer who is currently a member of the Maryland House of Delegates from District 39.

## Early life and education

Wims was born in Bethesda, Maryland on September 2, 1949, to mother Rachel Stewart Wims and father Earl Alexandir Wims, a laborer. He was raised in Stewarttown, a historically Black community near Montgomery Village, Maryland, in a home purchased by his ancestors after slavery. Wims graduated from Gaithersburg High School in 1968, and later attended Montgomery College until 1970, when he transferred to Howard University. He later earned a B.S. degree in political science from the University of Maryland, College Park.

## Career

As of July 2021, Wims has served on over 30 non-profit boards, including Holy Cross Hospital, the Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay, and Adventist Hospital. He is also the founder of the Victims' Rights Foundation and the Sniper Victims' Fund, and has raised over $2 million for various causes.

Wims was elected to the Maryland Youth Commission soon after graduating from high school. In this position, Wims supported lowering the voting age in Maryland from 21 to 18.

In the early 1970s, Montgomery County Executive James P. Gleason appointed Wims to the Montgomery County Maryland Human Rights Commission, where he was its youngest member. In 1974, he became the first male Head Start teacher in Montgomery County. In 1976, Wims joined the congressional campaign of U.S. Representative Newton Steers, eventually becoming his chief legislative officer and the first African American from Montgomery County to work on Capitol Hill until 1978. Afterwards, he worked as a legislative assistant to U.S. Representative Melvin H. Evans. In 1980, he worked on the presidential campaign of former California governor Ronald Reagan, later working in the Reagan administration as a legislative assistant to the Secretary of Agriculture, and as the Special Assistant to the Director of Minority Affairs and Economic Development until 1989, when he left to start his own government consulting firm, Hammer and Nails Inc.

In the early 1990s, Wims served as the membership chairman for the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). In 1993, he was elected president of the Montgomery County NAACP, eventually becoming the president of the state NAACP branch in 1995. He was later appointed by President George W. Bush to serve as a deputy administrator of the Small Business Administration and as a board member of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts. From 1997 to 1998, Wims worked as a liaison to Montgomery County's minority community for the Montgomery County Police Department. In September 2000, he was named executive director of the Montgomery Business Alliance and membership director of the Montgomery County Chamber of Commerce.

In January 2000, Wims announced that he would form an exploratory committee to consider a run in the special election for the Montgomery County Council seat in District 1, following the resignation of Republican councilmember Betty Ann Krahnke.

In 2018, Wims unsuccessfully ran for the Montgomery County Democratic Central Committee in District 15, receiving 42.4 percent of the vote. He later served on the transition team of Montgomery County Executive-elect Marc Elrich in November 2018. In July 2021, Elrich appointed Wims to serve as a director for the Montgomery County Regional Service.

## In the legislature

In April 2023, Wims applied to fill a vacancy left by the resignation of state delegate Kirill Reznik to serve as the Assistant Secretary for Inter-Departmental Data Integration for the Maryland Department of Human Services. He won the nomination by a vote of 17–6 on April 18, 2023. He was sworn in on May 2, 2023.

## Political positions

In 1991, Wims identified as a "moderate conservative" member of the Republican Party. He supported the Supreme Court nomination of Clarence Thomas. In 2020, Wims unsuccessfully ran for delegate to the Democratic National Convention, pledged to former Vice President Joe Biden.

## Personal life

Wims has a daughter named Rachel Wims, who took over as CEO of the Victims' Rights Foundation in January 2019.

## InfoBox

| W. Gregory Wims | |
| --- | --- |
| Wims in 2024 | |
|  | |
| Member of the Maryland House of Delegates
from the 39th district | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
May 2, 2023Serving with Gabriel Acevero and Lesley Lopez | |
| Appointed by | Wes Moore |
| Preceded by | Kirill Reznik |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | William Gregory Wims
(1949-09-02) September 2, 1949
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Other political
affiliations | Republican (formerly) |
| Children | 1 |
| Education | University of Maryland, College Park (BS) |
|  | |


title: Mecyclothorax punctatostriatus

abstract: Mecyclothorax punctatostriatus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Psydrinae. It was described by Liebherr in 2006.

text:
# Mecyclothorax punctatostriatus

***Mecyclothorax punctatostriatus*** is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Psydrinae. It was described by Liebherr in 2006.

## InfoBox

| *Mecyclothorax punctatostriatus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Carabidae |
| Genus: | *Mecyclothorax* |
| Species: | ***M. punctatostriatus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mecyclothorax punctatostriatus***<br>Liebherr, 2006 | |
|