abstract: The Gamer Symphony Orchestra at the University of Maryland is a student-run symphony orchestra and chorus at the University of Maryland. The orchestra is the first collegiate ensemble to draw its repertoire exclusively from the music of video games. Most of GSO's members are non-music majors The orchestra holds a free concert every semester during the academic year and yearly charity fundraisers that benefit Children's National Hospital in Washington, D.C.

text:
# Gamer Symphony Orchestra at the University of Maryland

The **Gamer Symphony Orchestra at the University of Maryland** (often referred to as the **GSO**, **UMGSO**, or **UMDGSO**) is a student-run symphony orchestra and chorus at the University of Maryland. The orchestra is the first collegiate ensemble to draw its repertoire exclusively from the music of video games. Most of GSO's members are non-music majors The orchestra holds a free concert every semester during the academic year and yearly charity fundraisers that benefit Children's National Hospital in Washington, D.C.

## History

Michelle Eng, a violist in the School of Music's Repertoire Orchestra, founded GSO in the fall of 2005. The group's first public performance was April 29, 2006, and featured about 20 musicians. The GSO added a choir in the fall of 2007, by which time the ensemble totaled 50 musicians. As of spring 2010 the orchestra had 100 members, including 30 choral singers. By fall of 2010, its numbers had surpassed 100, and as of spring 2013, membership is at 120. The orchestra continues to boast large membership consisting of 100+ members every semester.

The development of this orchestra mirrors the acceptance of classical music concerts anchored by video game music in the United States. Eng founded this group after having been inspired by Video Games Live, the Dear Friends concert series, and "Video Game Pianist" Martin Leung.

Composer Jonathan Coulton complimented the GSO's 2008 performance of "Still Alive," from the popular video game "Portal," calling it a "fantastic cover" in a post on his blog. This recording was posted to OC ReMix as only the second live recording in the history of the site—the first accepted ReMix of music from "Portal." OC ReMix founder David Lloyd was present for GSO's first live performance of "Still Alive."

The GSO's concert on December 11, 2010 overfilled the capacity of the 1,170-seat Dekelboum Concert Hall, the largest concert hall at the university's Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center.

The Video Games Live concert on February 26, 2011, at Strathmore in Bethesda, Md., featured "a special contribution" from the GSO. GSO and Video Games Live staff began discussing collaborative possibilities in August 2010 for the pair of Strathmore concerts. VGL founder Tommy Tallarico chose to include an adapted version of GSO's arrangement of "Korobeiniki" ("A-Type") from *Tetris* in the Strathmore concert programs. The National Philharmonic Orchestra and Chorale performed the piece, arranged by GSO Conductor Emeritus Greg Cox. Former GSO Music Director and current singer Chris Apple performed the piece's tenor solo. The arrangement appeared on Video Games Live's third album which was released in February 2014.

The ensemble's spring 2011 concert featured Mark Cromer, the senior sound designer for Big Huge Games, as a guest banjo player. Cromer joined the GSO for a medley of "Banjo-Kazooie" themes, with an arrangement by tubist David Scherr. Grant Kirkhope, who composed the original music, attended the performance. The spring concert, at which the GSO observed its fifth anniversary, also featured a performance of "Electric de Chocobo" from "Final Fantasy VII" by the Magruder High School Gamer Symphony Orchestra.

Video Games Live again performed GSO's Korobeiniki arrangement, under the title "Tetris Opera," at L.A. Live's Nokia Theatre on June 8, 2011. The show (VGL's 200th) was put on in partnership with the Electronic Entertainment Expo.

Spring 2012 marked the first semester in which the GSO performed outside of the University of Maryland. First, at the Music and Gaming Festival (MAGFest) X, and second at the Smithsonian American Art Museum, as part of the Art of Video Games exhibit.

The ensemble dedicated its spring 2013 concert to the memory of its tubist, David Scherr, who died in December 2012. Shortly after his passing, the orchestra purchased the tuba that Scherr had been renting and had his name engraved on it. The tuba is now loaned to members who are unable to provide their own instrument.

After the 2013 semester ended, Chris Apple, Ayla Hurley, Rob Garner, and other alums founded the Washington Metropolitan Gamer Symphony Orchestra in Rockville, MD as an outlet for GSO graduates and other community musicians to come together and perform video game music.

In 2015, the GSO returned to the Smithsonian American Art Museum to perform as part of the “Watch This! Revelations in Media Art” exhibition.

The fall 2015 and spring 2016 semesters marked the 10th year milestone for the GSO’s foundation and first public performance respectively. Alongside the celebrations, in fall 2015, the GSO started live streaming its concerts on Twitch.

In March 2018, the orchestra performed at the Kennedy Center on Millennium Stage, as part of their Direct Current performances, and featured many emeritus members. The orchestra performed various pieces which included Apotheosis, from the game Journey, which was personally approved by the composer Austin Wintory.

## Concertography

Performance venues have included the University of Maryland's Hoff Theater, Memorial Chapel and Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center, the Smithsonian American Art Museum, and the Kennedy Center.

| Semester | Games Performed (Selection) |
| --- | --- |
| 2022 Fall | *Super Mario 3D World, Pokémon Diamond and Pearl, Undertale, Deltarune, Plants vs. Zombies, Genshin Impact, Dragon Age: Inquisition, Fire Emblem Three Houses, Dragon Quest, Final Fantasy VII, Monster Hunter Rise, Xenoblade Chronicles 2, Sonic the Hedgehog, Bad Piggies, League of Legends, Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Civilization IV* |
| 2022 Spring | *Super Mario Odyssey, Monster Hunter: World, Pyre, NieR: Automata, NieR: Gestalt/Replicant, Hollow Knight, Pokémon Mystery Dungeon, The Legend of Zelda: Link's Awakening, Genshin Impact, The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess, Final Fantasy VII, Europa Universalis IV, MapleStory, Fire Emblem Fates, Kirby Star Allies, Fire Emblem Awakening, Final Fantasy XIII* |
| 2021 Fall | *Pokémon Gold and Silver, Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, Plants vs Zombies, Frogger, Kirby & the Amazing Mirror, Octopath Traveler, NieR: Automata, League of Legends, The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, Journey, Final Fantasy II, Ikenfell, Kingdom Hearts III, Final Fantasy XV, Halo, Uncharted* |
| 2019 Fall | *Sonic Colors, Kirby Battle Royale, Kirby's Return to Dream Land, Pokémon Super Mystery Dungeon, The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, Child of Light, Super Mario Galaxy, Super Smash Bros. Brawl, The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, Kingdom Hearts, Hollow Knight, Fire Emblem Three Houses, Mother, Final Fantasy XIII, Final Fantasy VII, NieR: Automata, Dragon Age: Inquisition* |
| 2019 Spring | *Super Smash Bros. Melee, Overcooked, The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, Don't Starve Together, Cuphead, Super Mario Sunshine, MapleStory, Abzû, Final Fantasy VIII, Fire Emblem Fates, Undertale, Destiny 2, Kingdom Hearts III, Final Fantasy XIII-2, Tower of Heaven, NieR: Automata, NieR: Gestalt/Replicant, Civilization VI, Final Fantasy XV* |
| 2018 Fall | *Octopath Traveler, Zelda II: The Adventure of Link, Super Smash Bros. Melee, Ace Combat 5, Plants vs. Zombies, Mario Kart: Double Dash, Final Fantasy VII, Pokémon Let's Go!, League of Legends, The Legend of Zelda: Twilight Princess, The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, MapleStory, Fire Emblem: Shadow Dragon, Assassin's Creed IV, Bioshock, Okami, Super Smash Bros. 4, Super Smash Bros. Ultimate, Fire Emblem Awakening* |
| 2018 Spring | *Monster Hunter, Doki Doki Literature Club!, Deemo, Katamari Damacy, Kirby Air Ride, Guild Wars 2, Journey, MapleStory, Tetris, Xenoblade Chronicles 2, Chrono Trigger, Final Fantasy VII, Pokémon Mystery Dungeon, Final Fantasy VI, The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim* |
| 2017 Spring | *Civilization VI, The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time, Okami, Human Resource Machine, Pokémon Gold and Silver, Pony Island, Fire Emblem Awakening, Undertale, Assassin's Creed IV, League of Legends, Fallout 4, Bravely Default, Final Fantasy VII, Bayonetta, Metal Gear Solid, Halo, DuckTales, Pokémon Black and White* |
| 2014 Spring | *Animal Crossing: New Leaf*, *Legend of Zelda: Skyward Sword*, *Mass Effect*, *Pokémon Red and Blue* |
| 2013 Fall | *Sam & Max Hit the Road*, *Final Fantasy VI*, *Uncharted 2*, *Mega Man 2* |
| 2013 Spring | *Kid Icarus*, *Donkey Kong 64*, *Journey*, *The Elder Scrolls V: Skyrim* |
| 2012 Fall | *MapleStory*, *Final Fantasy VI*, *World of Warcraft*, *The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time* |
| 2012 Spring | *Dragon Quest*, *Bastion*, *flOw*, *Sonic the Hedgehog*, *The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker* |
| 2011 Fall | *Pokémon*, *Shadow of the Colossus*, *Civilization V*, *Disgaea: Hour of Darkness*, *Kingdom Hearts II* |
| 2011 Spring | *Banjo-Kazooie*, *Phoenix Wright: Ace Attorney*, *Oregon Trail*, *Portal*, *Secret of Mana* |
| 2010 Fall | *Xenosaga*, *Touhou*, *Mega Man*, *Donkey Kong Country*, *Final Fantasy VI* |
| 2010 Spring | *Super Mario Galaxy*, *Final Fantasy XII*, *The Legend of Zelda: The Wind Waker*, *Civilization IV* |
| 2009 Fall | *Final Fantasy IX*, *Final Fantasy X*, *Tetris* |
| 2009 Spring | *Portal*, *Kingdom Hearts*, *Katamari Damacy* |
| 2008 Fall | *Final Fantasy VIII*, *Warcraft II*, *Star Fox* |
| 2008 Spring | *Final Fantasy XIII*, *Super Mario 64*, *The Legend of Zelda* |
| 2007 Fall | *Halo*, *Star Fox 64*, *Medal of Honor: Frontline* |
| 2007 Spring | *Donkey Kong Country 2: Diddy's Kong Quest*, *Xenosaga*, *Super Mario RPG* |
| 2006 Fall | *Super Mario Bros. 2*, *Tetris*, *Final Fantasy* |
| 2006 Spring | *The Legend of Zelda*, *Final Fantasy*, *Kingdom Hearts* |

Full recordings of recent concerts can be downloaded from the group's website.

## Arrangements

Group members produce the arrangements that this orchestra performs. Anyone is allowed to submit an arrangement, however each piece is run through a critique and voted on by the group’s music committee (consisting of the music director, the orchestra conductors, choral conductor, and the vice president) before it is accepted and put into the program for a given semester.

## Legacy

The Maryland GSO hopes to inspire and assist in the creation of more GSOs in the future. They have openly encouraged high school and college students who are interested in starting a GSO at their school to contact them.

The GSO's fall 2008 concert inspired students at Magruder High School in Rockville, Md., to found their own video game orchestra. The similarly named Magruder Gamer Symphony Orchestra performs regularly at the high school's instrumental music concerts as the only non-classroom ensemble.

In fall 2010, the Maryland GSO helped to establish a similar ensemble at Damascus High School in Damascus, Md.

Upon hearing about the Maryland GSO, a student at Ithaca College founded the Ithaca College GSO in 2011. The ensemble's premiere concert was November 11, 2012.

Tyler Modesto was inspired by the “Art of Video Games” exhibit at the Smithsonian American Art Museum and started the 8-bit Orchestra at the University of Delaware.

1. Arrangement courtesy of the Boston-based Video Game Orchestra.
1. Stein, Ron (2009-12-09). "Video game music finds new outlet in UM symphony". *The Sentinel*. Retrieved 2010-08-05.
2. Floyd, Thomas (2008-05-12). "Beating on Donkey Kong's drum". *The Diamondback*. Retrieved 2010-07-29.
3. Gullard, Marie (2011-11-30). "Symphonic 'bleeps' fill the hall at University of Maryland". *The Washington Examiner*. Retrieved 2011-12-13.
4. Kaltenbach, Chris (2013-04-27). "Super Mario Bros. in D-minor". *The Baltimore Sun*. Retrieved 2013-04-27.
5. "Collection: Gamer Symphony Orchestra records | Archival Collections". *archives.lib.umd.edu*. Retrieved 2020-09-10.
6. Midgette, Anne (2010-07-28). "Video-game concerts, a movement that's more than a blip on orchestral landscape". *The Washington Post*. ISSN 0740-5421. Retrieved 2010-07-28.
7. "Gamer Symphony Orchestra performs spring concert". *The Gazette*. 2009-04-23. Retrieved 2010-08-05.
8. Hill, David (2010-05-06). "Super Mario meets Mozart". *The Gazette*. Retrieved 2010-07-28.
9. Kirkwood, Lauren (2011-03-13). "Gamer Symphony Orchestra performs spring concert". *The Diamondback*. Retrieved 2011-05-18.
10. Schuman, Jonah (2008-11-27). "UM orchestra specializes in video game music". *The Gazette*. Retrieved 2010-08-05.
11. Hollenbeck, Stacey (2007-10-30). "College orchestra plays thumb-wiggling video-game music". Retrieved 2011-01-28.
12. M, K. "A Score for the Gamers". *TERP Magazine*. Archived from the original on 2011-03-08. Retrieved 2010-11-04.
13. Reese, Emily (2011-01-13). "Getting to know the Gamer Symphony Orchestra". *Classical Minnesota Public Radio*. Retrieved 2011-01-18.
14. Malik, Alia (2006-04-24). "Still 'playing' Nintendo". *The Diamondback*. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
15. Coulton, Jonathan (2008-07-22). "Gamer Symphony Orchestra". Retrieved 2010-08-03.
16. "ReMix: Portal 'Live from \[SUBJECT HOMETOWN HERE\]'". OC ReMix. 2009-05-05. Retrieved 2010-08-03.
17. "Strathmore Presents Video Games Live". 2011-02-04. Retrieved 2011-02-11.
18. Edwards, Jordan (2011-02-23). "Not just for kids: Concert gives video games orchestral edge". *The Gazette*. Retrieved 2011-02-23.
19. "Symphony Plays Video Game Classics". *NBC Washington*. 2011-02-27. Retrieved 2011-02-27.
20. Ouedraogo, Julie (2011-03-01). "The Music of Video Games Meets an Orchestra at Strathmore". *RockvillePatch*. Retrieved 2011-03-02.
21. Forhecz, Topher (2011-05-05). "Game on at University of Maryland". *The Gazette*. Retrieved 2011-05-18.
22. Mayer, Valerie. "Magruder HS Gamer Symphony Orchestra (GSO) Joins with UMD GSO". *RockvillePatch*. Retrieved 2011-05-18.
23. "Video Games Live Celebrates its 200th Show in Los Angeles During E3!". 2011-05-26. Retrieved 2011-06-09.
24. Johnson, Whit (2012-05-29). "Video game orchestra strikes nostalgic chord". *CBS This Morning*. Retrieved 2012-09-27.
25. Blasey, Laura (2013-01-25). "Gamer Symphony Orchestra holds memorial for former member, David Scherr, who died last month". *The Diamondback*. Retrieved 2013-01-25.
26. "The Gamer Symphony Orchestra at the University of Maryland". *umd.gamersymphony.org*. Retrieved 2018-04-02.
27. Franklin, Will (2013-05-02). "Melodies from the console to be performed at University of Maryland". *The Gazette*. Archived from the original on 2013-07-03. Retrieved 2013-05-06.
28. Smith, Matthew (2012-03-26). "The Gamer Symphony Orchestra at the University of MD". *N00bAlert.com*. Retrieved 2012-04-23.
29. Wildman, May (2010-12-09). "More than just regular gamers". *The Diamondback*. Retrieved 2010-12-17.
30. Eisenberg, Jackie (2012-09-26). "Play That Funky Music, Game Boy". *The Ithacan*. Archived from the original on 2012-09-30. Retrieved 2012-09-27.

## InfoBox

| Gamer Symphony Orchestra at the University of Maryland | |
| --- | --- |
| Orchestra | |
| Short name | GSO |
| Founded | 2005 (2005) |
| Location | University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland |
| Concert hall | Dekelboum Concert Hall at the Clarice Smith Performing Arts Center |
| Website | umd.gamersymphony.org |


title: X-Men: Schism

abstract: "X-Men: Schism" is a 2011 crossover comic book storyline published by Marvel Comics featuring the X-Men, consisting of a five-issue miniseries written by Jason Aaron and illustrated by Carlos Pacheco, Frank Cho, Daniel Acuña, Alan Davis and Adam Kubert. The storyline was preceded by a four-issue prologue miniseries by writer Paul Jenkins and artists Roberto De La Torre, Andrea Mutti, Will Conrad and Clay Mann, and two tie-in issues of the Generation Hope comic book, written by Kieron Gillen and illustrated by Tim Seeley. A one-shot comic book, "X-Men: Regenesis", written by Gillen and illustrated by Billy Tan, served as an epilogue to the storyline. "Schism" was first announced by senior editor Nick Lowe at a press call on March 4, 2011. The event deals with a series of strong disagreements between Cyclops and Wolverine over decisions taken throughout the storyline, leading to a schism between the X-Men. "Schism" brought big repercussions towards the X-Men franchise, including the end of long-running Uncanny X-Men comic book and a "definite split" among the X-Men, leading to a new status quo presented in the X-Men: Regenesis storyline, which establishes both sides of the schism.

text:
# X-Men: Schism

"**X-Men: Schism**" is a 2011 crossover comic book storyline published by Marvel Comics featuring the X-Men, consisting of a five-issue miniseries written by Jason Aaron and illustrated by Carlos Pacheco (issue #1), Frank Cho (issue #2), Daniel Acuña (issue #3), Alan Davis (issue #4) and Adam Kubert (issue #5).

The storyline was preceded by a four-issue prologue miniseries by writer Paul Jenkins and artists Roberto De La Torre (issue #1), Andrea Mutti (issue #2), Will Conrad (issue #3) and Clay Mann (issue #4), and two tie-in issues of the *Generation Hope* comic book, written by Kieron Gillen and illustrated by Tim Seeley. A one-shot comic book, "X-Men: Regenesis", written by Gillen and illustrated by Billy Tan, served as an epilogue to the storyline.

"Schism" was first announced by senior editor Nick Lowe at a press call on March 4, 2011. The event deals with a series of strong disagreements between Cyclops and Wolverine over decisions taken throughout the storyline, leading to a schism between the X-Men. "Schism" brought big repercussions towards the X-Men franchise, including the end (and later relaunching) of long-running *Uncanny X-Men* comic book and a "definite split" among the X-Men, leading to a new status quo presented in the *X-Men: Regenesis* storyline, which establishes both sides of the schism.

## Plot

After Cyclops delivers a speech to the United Nations asking for all Sentinel programmers around the world to be decommissioned, the UN Building is attacked twice; once telepathically by Quentin Quire, and then by a small troop of Sentinels. The party responsible for this is 12-year-old prodigy Kade Kilgore, who had infiltrated Utopia to release Quire and used the time while the UN was being attacked to kill his father and usurp his position as CEO; as a result for these actions, the Hellfire Club welcomes him as their new Black King.

As a result of the attack on the UN, several countries begin to mobilize their Sentinels; however, the Sentinels start attacking everyone, not only mutants. Cyclops sends most of the X-Men around the world to fight the Sentinels; meanwhile, Emma Frost, Namor, Magneto, Iceman and Colossus take the young mutants to the opening of the Mutant History Museum, in San Francisco. Wolverine is displeased when Cyclops decides not to deliver Quire to the authorities for his doings.

Kilgore and the new Inner Circle of the Hellfire Club, composed exclusively by youngsters of considerable wealth and power, lead an assault on the Museum of Mutant History, using Badoon Brain Slugs to take down the X-Men at the museum. As Cyclops and Wolverine both manage to telepathically contact 14-year-old Oya, who was present at the museum, and she asks them what to do, Wolverine tells her to get out, while Cyclops tells her to "do what she has to do". She ends up killing the Hellfire Club soldiers and saving the X-Men and the civilians in the building, making Wolverine become even more displeased with Cyclops for not ordering Oya not to kill.

However, the new Hellfire Club activates a special giant Sentinel, sent towards Utopia. With most of the X-Men far from Utopia and part of the team being in the med-lab, young mutant messiah Hope Summers and other teenage mutants volunteer to join Cyclops in the fight against the super Sentinel. Wolverine is opposed to the idea of putting children on the front lines against the Sentinel; when Cyclops insists that everyone who wants to fight should fight, Wolverine gets a detonator and threatens to blow up Utopia in order to make the youngsters run away from the island and destroy the super Sentinel. Cyclops and Wolverine's frustration with each other come to a head when Cyclops brings up Jean Grey saying that she never loved Wolverine and was always frightened of him. Wolverine replies "And if she were here right now, who do you think she would be more frightened of?" The two fight each other in a rage while being attacked by the sentinel, with Wolverine appearing to gain the upper hand.

Eventually, the super Sentinel threat forces them to stop fighting each other and join Hope and the other young mutants in the battle against the Sentinel, and the Sentinel is finally taken down. But the ideological differences between Cyclops and Wolverine makes Wolverine decide to leave Utopia and bring along whoever wants to come with him. Both men eventually start recruiting their teammates; some members of the X-Men leave with Wolverine, while part of the team stays in Utopia with Cyclops.

## Titles involved

### Prologue

* *X-Men: Prelude to Schism* #1-4

### Core miniseries

* *X-Men: Schism* #1-5

### Tie-ins

### Epilogue

## Reading order

**May 2011**

* *X-Men: Prelude to Schism* #1
* *X-Men: Prelude to Schism* #2

**June 2011**

* *X-Men: Prelude to Schism* #3
* *X-Men: Prelude to Schism* #4

**July 2011**

* *X-Men: Schism* #1
* *X-Men: Schism* #2

**August 2011**

* *X-Men: Schism* #3
* *Generation Hope* #10

**September 2011**

* *X-Men: Schism* #4 (up until page 11)
* *Generation Hope* #11
* *X-Men: Schism* #4 (from after page 11)

**October 2011**

* *X-Men: Schism* #5
* *Generation Hope* #12

## Collected editions

| Title | Material collected | Published date | ISBN |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *X-Men: Prelude to Schism* | *X-Men: Prelude to Schism* #1-4 | September 2011 | 978-0785156895 |
| *X-Men: Schism* | *X-Men: Schism* #1-5, *X-Men: Regenesis* #1 | July 2012 | 978-0785156888 |
| *Generation Hope: Schism* | *Generation Hope* #6-12 | January 2012 | 978-0785152422 |

## InfoBox

| *X-Men: Schism* | |
| --- | --- |
| Cyclops and Wolverine fighting on the cover of *X-Men: Schism* #4 (September 2011)
Art by Alan Davis, Mark Farmer and Javier Rodriguez | |
| Publication information | |
| Publisher | Marvel Comics |
| Genre |  |
| Publication date | July 2011 |
| No. of issues | 1-5 |
| Main character(s) | X-Men
Hellfire Club
Quentin Quire
Sentinel |
| Creative team | |
| Written by | Jason Aaron |
| Artist(s) | Carlos Pacheco
Frank Cho
Daniel Acuña
Alan Davis
Adam Kubert |
| Collected editions | |
| *X-Men: Schism* | ISBN 9780785156888 |


title: Pelican Lagoon Conservation Park

abstract: Pelican Lagoon Conservation Park is a protected area located in the Australian state of South Australia on the Dudley Peninsula on Kangaroo Island. It was dedicated in 1967 for the protection of wildlife habitat.

text:
# Pelican Lagoon Conservation Park

**Pelican Lagoon Conservation Park** is a protected area located in the Australian state of South Australia on the Dudley Peninsula on Kangaroo Island. It was dedicated in 1967 for the protection of wildlife habitat.

## Description

The conservation park has an area of 449 hectares (1,110 acres) and lies immediately to the south of the town of American River, about 25 kilometres (16 miles) southeast by south of Kingscote and 19 kilometres (12 miles) southwest by west of Penneshaw. It consists of land on the peninsula of the north side of the tidal inlet of Pelican Lagoon as well as several islands/islets within the inlet itself. It includes woodland, scrub and heath formations as well as wetland vegetation and adjoins samphire mudflats, providing habitat for several species of woodland and wetland birds and other animals. The conservation park is located within the boundaries of the gazetted locality of Pelican Lagoon with exception to the islets located within the lagoon. The conservation park is classified as an IUCN Category Ia protected area. It is complemented by the American River Aquatic Reserve.

### Islets

Several of the islets present in Pelican Lagoon are within the conservation park. From east to west these are Rabbit Islet, Bird Islet, Goanna Islet, Pig Islet, Wallaby Islet and Shag Rock.

## History

Land within the conservation park first acquired protected area status as a fauna conservation reserve declared under the *Crown Lands Act 1929-1966* on 16 March 1967 in respect to sections 475, 476, 477, 478 and 479 in the cadastral unit of the Hundred of Dudley. On 27 April 1972, the land was reconstituted as the *Pelican Lagoon Conservation Park* under the *National Parks and Wildlife Act 1972*. In 1980, it was listed on the now-defunct Register of the National Estate. As of 2018, it covered an area of 4.49 square kilometres (1.73 sq mi).

## InfoBox

| Pelican Lagoon Conservation Park
South Australia | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category Ia (strict nature reserve) | |
| Pelican Lagoon Conservation Park, Kangaroo Island, South Australia | |
| Pelican Lagoon Conservation Park | |
| Nearest town or city | American River |
| Coordinates | 35°48′15″S 137°46′30″E / 35.80417°S 137.77500°E / -35.80417; 137.77500 |
| Established | 16 March 1967 |
| Area | 4.49 km2 (1.7 sq mi) |
| Managing authorities | Department for Environment and Water |
| See also | Protected areas of South Australia |


title: Virginia Hubbell

abstract: Virginia Hubbell Bloch was a writer for Lev Gleason Publications, MLJ Comics, and Dell Comics during the Golden Age of Comics.

text:
# Virginia Hubbell

**Virginia Hubbell Bloch** (March 23, 1914 – April 15, 2006) was a writer for Lev Gleason Publications, MLJ Comics, and Dell Comics during the Golden Age of Comics.

## Career

After attending Boston University and New York University, she settled in Woodstock in 1943 with her first husband, Carl Hubbell, and they worked in the comics industry for years. Under the name Virginia Hubbell she wrote much of the later content of Charles Biro's Daredevil and Boy Comics, as well as the notorious *Crime Does Not Pay*.

After the war, she wrote for the Good Comics (1953), Marvel Comics (1955) and St. John Publications (1955). From 1957, she wrote the series *Little Lulu* for Dell Comics as the successor to John Stanley.

In recent years, she is known to have written an award-winning play, and several children's books, including *Georgie Gray Mouse* with Helen Fletcher, under the name Virginia Hubbell.

Virginia Bloch died on April 15, 2006, aged 92. In 2020 she posthumously was awarded the Bill Finger Award.


title: Payroll (novel)

abstract: Payroll is a 1959 crime thriller novel by the British writer Derek Bickerton. Written while he was working in Barbados, it was the first of four novels he produced. The plot revolves around a gang of criminals who pull off a heist on the payroll of a Birmingham factory due to inside information from an accountant working there. The gang soon begin to fall out with each other, pursued by the avenging wife of one of the payroll guards who was killed in the robbery.

text:
# Payroll (novel)

***Payroll*** is a 1959 crime thriller novel by the British writer Derek Bickerton. Written while he was working in Barbados, it was the first of four novels he produced. The plot revolves around a gang of criminals who pull off a heist on the payroll of a Birmingham factory due to inside information from an accountant working there. The gang soon begin to fall out with each other, pursued by the avenging wife of one of the payroll guards who was killed in the robbery.

## Film adaptation

In 1961 it was made into a film of the same title directed by Sidney Hayers and starring Michael Craig, Françoise Prévost and Billie Whitelaw. The adaptation shifted the setting to Newcastle where much of the film was shot on location.

## Bibliography

* Byrne, Francis & Huebner, Thom. *Development and Structures of Creole Languages: Essays in Honor of Derek Bickerton*. John Benjamins Publishing, 1991.
* Goble, Alan. *The Complete Index to Literary Sources in Film*. Walter de Gruyter, 1999.

## InfoBox

Payroll
| 1961 paperback edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Derek Bickerton |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Crime |
| Publisher | Eyre & Spottiswoode |
| Publication date | 1959 |
| Publication place | United Kingdom |
| Media type | Print |
| Pages | 190 |


title: Philippe Dufour

abstract: Philippe Dufour, AHCI is a Swiss-born watchmaker from Le Sentier, Vallée de Joux. He is regarded as a master of modern watchmaking, and his watches are referred as among the best ever made. He finishes all of his watches himself by hand. In 1992, Dufour was the first watchmaker to put arguably the most complex of complications in a wristwatch, a Sonnerie. His other two models include Duality and Simplicity.

text:
# Philippe Dufour

**Philippe Dufour**, AHCI (born 1948) is a Swiss-born watchmaker from Le Sentier, Vallée de Joux. He is regarded as a master of modern watchmaking, and his watches are referred as among the best ever made. He finishes all of his watches himself by hand. In 1992, Dufour was the first watchmaker to put arguably the most complex of complications in a wristwatch, a Sonnerie. His other two models include Duality and Simplicity.

## Education

At the age of 15, Dufour decided to choose a profession rather than pursuing academics. Upon his decision to study mechanics, he got his first training at the Ecole d’Horlogerie de la Vallée de Joux and graduated in 1967.

## Career

Following the completion of his studies, he was hired by Jaeger-LeCoultre in 1967. After working for several companies, Audemars Piguet ordered 5 Sonnerie movements for pocket watches from Dufour and he started to work on the project in 1982. The last movement was delivered in 1988. After finishing the order, he set out to become one of the first independent watchmakers and presented his first wristwatch in his own name in the Basel World fair in 1992. Following the world's first Sonnerie wristwatch, he developed the Duality in 1996. The principle of the watch was based on the differential system that averages errors between two balance wheels. Only 9 pieces were made.

In 2000, he introduced his most famous model: Simplicity. The model was the only current production watch from Dufour and about 200 were planned to be produced. He was reportedly overwhelmed by orders and is not taking more.

One of his Simplicity watches is exhibited at The Espace Horloger watch museum at Switzerland.

## Auctions and collectability

In 2016, Phillips sold one for €260,000. In 2017, Sotheby's sold one for €176,000. In that same year, Phillips sold one for €192,500.

One of the 9 Duality models ever produced was sold in 2017 at New York by Phillips for almost US$1,000,000.

In 2020, a special edition of the Simplicity marking its 20th anniversary and personally offered by Dufour himself was sold for a record US$1.512 million at a Phillips auction in Geneva, becoming one of the most expensive watches ever sold at auction.

In 2021, the first version of the Grande et Petite Sonnerie №1 was sold for a world record of US$5.210 million at a Phillips auction in Geneva, becoming the most expensive timepiece made by an independent watchmaker or brand sold at auction.

## Personal collection

Other than his own creations, Dufour is also a known collector of vintage watches. In an interview during SIHH 2016 he stated: "Datograph is the only neutral watch I bought for myself", a timepiece from A. Lange & Söhne. In an interview with watch industry publication Hodinkee, he stated: "The best chronograph ever made is the Datograph".

At Baselworld 2019, he was seen wearing a Rolex GMT Master II ref. 126710.

## Film

Philippe Dufour features in the documentary feature film Making Time, which also features Maximilian\_Büsser,Aldis\_Hodge, Ludovic Ballouard and Nico\_Cox.

## InfoBox

| Philippe Dufour | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1948 |
| Nationality | Swiss |
| Occupation | Watchmaker |
| Years active | 1967-present |
| Known for | Swiss luxury watches |


title: Hye, Texas

abstract: Hye is an unincorporated community in western Blanco County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 105 in 2000. Hye is part of the Texas-German belt and in very conservative rural Texas.

text:
# Hye, Texas

**Hye** is an unincorporated community in western Blanco County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 105 in 2000. Hye is part of the Texas-German belt and in very conservative rural Texas.

## History

The first settlers came to the area in 1860 when several farmers and ranchers moved to Rocky Creek, located three miles east of the community. It continued to grow when German and Anglo settlers came to the area throughout the 1860s and 70s. Hiram ("Hye") G. Brown and his parents settled in the Rocky Creek area of Blanco County, circa 1872. He constructed a small store and house near the Pedernales River on the Austin-Fredericksburg road. Brown was appointed postmaster upon getting a post office established in his store on April 17, 1886. The post office was named Hye for him. The establishment of the post office drew other businesses to the area, eventually bringing in a grist mill, a blacksmith shop, and a cotton gin. In 1904, Brown erected a new building for the store and post office. In 1965, on the porch of the Hye post office, Lyndon B. Johnson swore in Lawrence F. O'Brien as United States Postmaster General. Johnson's boyhood home is located nearby and is reported to be where he mailed his first letter at the post office when he was just four years old. The community's population was 200 during the 1920s and 30s, dropped to 50 during World War II, grew to 90 in 1947, its zenith of 140 in 1968, and settled at 105 from 1970 through 2000.

In 1966, the Hye General Store and Post Office was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark, marker number 2607.

The Garrison Brothers Distillery also operates in the community.

## Geography

Hye lies along U.S. Route 290 near the Gillespie County line, 10 mi (16 km) west of Johnson City, the county seat of Blanco County. It is also located 60 mi (97 km) west of Austin and 20 mi (32 km) east of Fredericksburg.

### Climate

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Hye has a humid subtropical climate, abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.

## Education

Hye is served by the Johnson City Independent School District.

Media related to Hye, Texas at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Hye, Texas | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| Hye General Store & Post Office (c. 1886) | |
| Hye, TexasLocation within the state of TexasHye, TexasHye, Texas (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 30°14′33″N 98°34′12″W / 30.24250°N 98.57000°W / 30.24250; -98.57000 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Texas |
| County | Blanco |
| Elevation | 1,453 ft (443 m) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP codes | 78635 |
| Area code | 830 |
| FIPS code | 48-35648 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1378475 |


title: Motilal

abstract:
Motilal is an Indian given name. It may refer to:
  - Motilal Banarsidass, an Indian publishing house on Sanskrit and Indology since 1903
  - Motilal Nehru, activist of the Indian National Movement, leader of the Indian National Congress, and patriarch of the Nehru-Gandhi family
  - Motilal Rajvansh (1910–1965), film actor
  - Motilal Vora, member of the Indian National Congress, former chief minister of Madhya Pradesh, and former governor of Uttar Pradesh

text:
# Motilal

**Motilal** is an Indian given name. It may refer to:

* Motilal Banarsidass, an Indian publishing house on Sanskrit and Indology since 1903
* Motilal Nehru (1861– 1931), activist of the Indian National Movement, leader of the Indian National Congress, and patriarch of the Nehru-Gandhi family
* Motilal Rajvansh (1910–1965), film actor
* Motilal Vora (born 1928), member of the Indian National Congress, former chief minister of Madhya Pradesh, and former governor of Uttar Pradesh


title: Moving Forward

abstract: Moving Forward is the second studio album by former New York Yankees outfielder turned jazz musician, Bernie Williams.

text:
# Moving Forward

***Moving Forward*** is the second studio album by former New York Yankees outfielder turned jazz musician, Bernie Williams.

## Background

The album was released on April 14, 2009, through the independent label, Reform Records. Williams, who played lead and rhythm, composed nine of the 14 tracks on the album. Several well-known guests are featured on the album, including Bruce Springsteen, Dave Koz, and fellow athlete turned musician Wayman Tisdale.

*Moving Forward* made it on to five different *Billboard* charts, including 178 on the magazine's main chart, the *Billboard* 200, but it found its greatest success on the Top Contemporary Jazz chart, where it peaked at #2. In addition to the album, two singles also made it to the *Billboard's* Smooth Jazz Songs. "Go For It" made it to #1, while "Ritmo De Otono" peaked at #2.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

The album was met with positive reviews. Allmusic gave the album four out of a possible five stars, stating "while the four-time World Series champ's glory days are behind him as a ballplayer, he's Moving Forward towards a stellar career in music." Dave Sheinin from The Washington Post also gave the album a favorable review, stating that "if you can deal with some clichéd jazz-fusion production, there are some interesting songs, some virtuoso flourishes (many of them from Williams, whose talent as a guitarist is evident) and some cool moments".

## Track listing

* All songs written by Bernie Williams, except where noted. Adapted from Allmusic.

1. "Moving Forward"- 5:22 (featuring Wayman Tisdale)
2. "Ritmo de Otoño"- 5:42 (featuring Dave Koz)
3. "Songo"- 5:02 (featuring Scott Henderson)
4. "Addicted to You"- 5:57
5. "Just Another Day"- 5:18 (featuring Jon Secada) (Secada, Miguel Morejon)
6. "He Reigns"- 5:53
7. "Lullaby for Beatriz"- 3:53
8. "Go for It"- 6:55 (featuring Mike Stern)
9. "Que Rico el Mambo"- 7:26 (Perez Prado)
10. "African Blues"- 5:16
11. "Chillin in the West"- 5:05
12. "Take Me Out to the Ball Game"- 3:02 (featuring Bob Sheppard) (Jack Norworth, Albert Tizer)
13. "Otro Dia Mas Sin Verte"- 5:19 (featuring Jon Secada) (Secada, Morejon)
14. "Glory Days"- 6:24 (featuring Bruce Springsteen) (Bruce Springsteen)

## Chart history

| Chart (2009) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| *Billboard* 200 | 178 |
| *Billboard* Top Contemporary Jazz | 2 |
| *Billboard* Jazz Albums | 3 |
| *Billboard* Top Heatseekers | 6 |
| *Billboard* Top Independent Albums | 23 |

## InfoBox

| Moving Forward | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Bernie Williams | |
| Released | April 14, 2009 |
| Recorded | 2008–2009 |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Label | Reform |
| Producer | Loren Harriet, Bernie Williams |
| Bernie Williams chronology | |
| *The Journey Within*
(2003) ***Moving Forward***
(2009) | |


title: North Pagai

abstract: North Pagai is the smallest of the four principal Mentawai Islands off the west coast of Sumatra in Indonesia. It is south of Sipora and north of South Pagai Island. The population figure given for North Pagai in the box to the right is the combined figure for North Pagai District and Sikakap District. The main part of Sikakap District covers the southern part of North Pagai Island, but it also includes the northern part of South Pagai Island, together with various small islands in the strait between the two; however, all three villages within the District lie on North Pagai Island. The town of Sikakap was used as a centre for relief operations related to the 2010 Mentawai earthquake and tsunami.

text:
# North Pagai

**North Pagai** (Indonesian: *Pagai Utara*) is the smallest of the four principal Mentawai Islands off the west coast of Sumatra in Indonesia. It is south of Sipora and north of South Pagai (or Pagai Selatan) Island.

The population figure given for North Pagai in the box to the right is the combined figure for North Pagai District and Sikakap District. The main part of Sikakap District covers the southern part of North Pagai Island, but it also includes the northern part of South Pagai Island, together with various small islands in the strait between the two; however, all three villages within the District (Sikakap town, Taikako, and Matobe) lie on North Pagai Island. The town of Sikakap was used as a centre for relief operations related to the 2010 Mentawai earthquake and tsunami.

## Surf breaks

* Silabus
* Macca's
* Macca's Right
* Bommie Peak
* Gilligans

## InfoBox

North Pagai
| Native name: Pagai Utara | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Geography | |
| Location | South East Asia |
| Coordinates | 2°42′S 100°5′E / 2.700°S 100.083°E / -2.700; 100.083 |
| Archipelago | Mentawai Islands |
| Area | 603.44 km2 (232.99 sq mi) |
| Administration | |
| **Indonesia** | |
| Province | West Sumatra |
| Regency | Mentawai Islands |
| Demographics | |
| Population | 16,250 (2020 Census) |
| Pop. density | 26.93/km2 (69.75/sq mi) |
| Ethnic groups | Mentawai |


title: Notkea Rotta

abstract: Notkea Rotta is a Finnish rap group consisting of members Notkea Rotta, Rautaperse, Rohtori Laine and Meno-Anu. The group mixes humour and comedy in their brand of hip hop, crafting original rap saga of the underground culture in the east side of Helsinki. Notkea Rotta heavily parodies - or pays tribute to - American gangsta rap. Notkea Rotta released their debut single "Pohinää" with Karelia Records. Their lyrical subject matter mostly deals with common Finnish street drugs, sex and the occasional clashes with the police. The group raps exclusively in Finnish, using a lot of Helsinki slang vocabulary, making it rather difficult for non-speakers to understand the lyrics. While the group had a band on stage at live acts for a longer time, on the last album the band was also in the studio for the recording of the 2007 album "Kontula - Koh Phangan All Night Long". The band is called "Liekehtivät Torsionit" and consists of musicians better known from bands like Barathrum, Ensiferum, L.A.M.F. and Defuse.

text:
# Notkea Rotta

**Notkea Rotta** is a Finnish rap group consisting of members Notkea Rotta, Rautaperse (Komisario Jyrkkä), Rohtori Laine and Meno-Anu. The group mixes humour and comedy in their brand of hip hop, crafting original (and largely fictional) rap saga of the underground culture in the east side of Helsinki. Notkea Rotta heavily parodies - or pays tribute to - American gangsta rap.

Notkea Rotta released their debut single "Pohinää" with Karelia Records.

Their lyrical subject matter mostly deals with common Finnish street drugs (especially amphetamine), sex and the occasional clashes with the police. The group raps exclusively in Finnish, using a lot of Helsinki slang vocabulary, making it rather difficult for non-speakers to understand the lyrics.

While the group had a band on stage at live acts for a longer time, on the last album the band was also in the studio for the recording of the 2007 album "Kontula - Koh Phangan All Night Long". The band is called "Liekehtivät Torsionit" (Flaming Torsions) and consists of musicians better known from bands like Barathrum, Ensiferum, L.A.M.F. and Defuse.

## Members

* Notkea Rotta (literally "Supple Rat")
* Rautaperse (literally "Iron Arse") / Komisario Jyrkkä (literally "Inspector Steep")
* Meno Anu (literally "Speedy-Anu") (real name Maria Järvenhelmi)
* Rohtori Laine

Liekehtivät Torsionit

The rhythm section of the band is called Liekehtivät Torsionit.

* Pannu Hanhi (Janne Parviainen) – drums
* Putsi T (Tero Karjalainen) – bass
* Rane Raitsikka (Harri Jäntti) – guitar
* Pajulaakso (Jyrki Pajunen) - producer

## Discography

### Albums

* 2002: *Panokset piippuun, pöhinät pönttöön*
* 2005: *Itä Meidän*
* 2007: *Kontula - Koh Phangan All Night Long*
* 2012: *Notkea Rotta*

Notkea Rotta - solo * 2010: *Notkea maa*

Rohtori Laine - solo * TBA: *Salkku ja mulkku*

### EPs

* 2004: *Kaupungin vauhdissa EP*

### Singles

* 2001: "Pöhinää CDS"


title: Notker (abbot of Saint Gall)

abstract:
Notker was the abbot of the Abbey of Saint Gall from 971 to 975.
Notker was recommended for the office of abbot by his predecessor Purchart I. His election occurred on 18 May 971. He was the nephew of Abbot Thieto and Abbot Craloh as well as of Notker the Physician. Under Notker, the abbey's economy recovered. A testament of this recovery is the completion of the city walls that were commenced by his predecessor Anno. In order to improve the abbey's discipline and economy, Notker fell back on the constitution of Hartmut as well as on that of Abbot Kerbodo of Lorsch, the visiting abbot from the time of his predecessor Purchart. His severity knew limits however, wherefore he was named abba benignus. The first testimony of Saint Gall's ministerials can also be ascribed to Notker's reign. Notker reportedly established a small zoological garden to go along with the abbey's herb garden and orchard.

text:
# Notker (abbot of Saint Gall)

**Notker** (died 15 December 975) was the abbot of the Abbey of Saint Gall from 971 to 975. Notker was recommended for the office of abbot by his predecessor Purchart I. His election occurred on 18 May 971. He was the nephew of Abbot Thieto and Abbot Craloh as well as of Notker the Physician.

Under Notker, the abbey's economy recovered. A testament of this recovery is the completion of the city walls that were commenced by his predecessor Anno. In order to improve the abbey's discipline and economy, Notker fell back on the constitution of Hartmut as well as on that of Abbot Kerbodo of Lorsch, the visiting abbot from the time of his predecessor Purchart. His severity knew limits however, wherefore he was named *abba benignus* ("gentle abbot"). The first testimony of Saint Gall's ministerials can also be ascribed to Notker's reign.

Notker reportedly established a small zoological garden to go along with the abbey's herb garden and orchard.


title: North Mason School District

abstract: North Mason School District is a public school district that serves North Mason County, Washington.

text:
# North Mason School District

**North Mason School District** is a public school district that serves North Mason County, Washington.

## Schools

### High schools

### Middle school

* Hawkins Middle School

### Elementary schools

* Belfair Elementary
* Sandhill Elementary

## Notable alumni

## InfoBox

| North Mason School District | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
| 250 East Campus Drive Belfair, Mason County, Washington, 98528
United States | |
| Coordinates | 47°24′52″N 122°50′27″W / 47.41442°N 122.84082°W / 47.41442; -122.84082 |
| District information | |
| Grades | Pre-K12th |
| Superintendent | Dana Rosenbach |
| Asst. superintendent(s) | Denise Neshem |
| Business administrator | Ashley Supry |
| NCES District ID | 5305790 |
| District ID | WA-23403 |
| Students and staff | |
| Students | 2,330 (2018-19) |
| Teachers | 140 (2017-18) |
| Student–teacher ratio | 16.64 |
| Athletic conference | Olympic League |
| Other information | |
| Website | www.nmsd.wednet.edu |


title: North Yanggao Road station

abstract: North Yanggao Road is a station on Line 12 of the Shanghai Metro in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai.

text:
# North Yanggao Road station

**North Yanggao Road** (simplified Chinese: 杨高北路; traditional Chinese: 楊高北路; pinyin: *Yánggāo Běi Lù*) is a station on Line 12 of the Shanghai Metro in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai.

## InfoBox

| North Yanggao Road
杨高北路 | |
| --- | --- |
| Station platform | |
| General information | |
| Location | Jufeng Road (巨峰路) and North Yanggao Road (杨高北路)
Pudong, Shanghai
China |
| Coordinates | 31°16′56″N 121°35′55″E / 31.28222°N 121.5985°E / 31.28222; 121.5985 |
| Line(s) | Line 12 |
| Platforms | 2 (1 island platform) |
| Tracks | 2 |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Underground |
| Accessible | Yes |
| History | |
| Opened | 29 December 2013 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station Shanghai Metro Following station  Jufeng Roadtowards Qixin Road  Line 12  Jinjing Roadtowards Jinhai Road | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Mound Cemetery (Marietta, Ohio)

abstract: Mound Cemetery in Marietta, Ohio, is a historic cemetery developed around the base of a prehistoric Adena burial mound known as the Great Mound or Conus. The city founders preserved the Great Mound from destruction by establishing the city cemetery around it in 1801. The city of Marietta was developed in 1788 by pioneers from Massachusetts, soon after the American Revolutionary War and organization of the Northwest Territory. Many of the founders were officers of the Revolutionary War who had received federal land grants for military services. Among high-ranking officers buried at the cemetery are generals Rufus Putnam and Benjamin Tupper, who were founders of the Ohio Company of Associates; as well as Commodore Abraham Whipple and Colonel William Stacy. The cemetery has the highest number of burials of American Revolutionary War officers in the country.

text:
# Mound Cemetery (Marietta, Ohio)

**Mound Cemetery** in Marietta, Ohio, is a historic cemetery developed around the base of a prehistoric Adena burial mound known as the Great Mound or *Conus*. The city founders preserved the Great Mound from destruction by establishing the city cemetery around it in 1801.

The city of Marietta was developed in 1788 by pioneers from Massachusetts, soon after the American Revolutionary War and organization of the Northwest Territory. Many of the founders were officers of the Revolutionary War who had received federal land grants for military services. Among high-ranking officers buried at the cemetery are generals Rufus Putnam and Benjamin Tupper, who were founders of the Ohio Company of Associates; as well as Commodore Abraham Whipple and Colonel William Stacy. The cemetery has the highest number of burials of American Revolutionary War officers in the country.

## Great Mound or Conus

The conical Great Mound at Mound Cemetery is part of an Ohio Hopewell culture mound complex known as the Marietta Earthworks. Archaeologists estimate that it was built between 100 BC and 500 AD. Early European American settlers gave the structures Latin names. The complex includes the *Sacra Via* (meaning "sacred way"), three walled enclosures, the *Quadranaou*, *Capitolium* (meaning "capital") and at least two other additional platform mounds, and the *Conus* burial mound and its accompanying ditch and embankment. The complex was surveyed and drawn in 1838 by Samuel R. Curtis (at the time a civil engineer for the state of Ohio). This survey was incorrectly attributed to Charles Whittlesey by E. G. Squier and E.H. Davis in their *Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley*, published by the Smithsonian Institution in 1848. At the time the complex "included a large square enclosure surrounding four flat-topped pyramidal mounds, another smaller square, and a circular enclosure with a large burial mound at its center."

The *Conus* mound was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 23, 1973 as the Mound Cemetery Mound, site listing number 73001549. In 1990 archaeologists from the Cleveland Museum of Natural History excavated a section of the *Capitolium* mound and determined that the mound was definitely constructed by peoples of the Hopewell Culture.

## American Revolutionary War soldiers

The city of Marietta was developed in 1788 by migrant pioneers from Massachusetts, soon after the American Revolutionary War and organization of the Northwest Territory. The cemetery has the highest number of burials of American Revolutionary War officers in the country. The original pioneers, city founders from the Ohio Company of Associates, preserved the Great Mound from destruction by establishing the city cemetery around it.

Many of the founders were officers of the Revolutionary War who had received federal land grants for military services. Among high-ranking officers buried at the cemetery are generals Rufus Putnam and Benjamin Tupper, who were founders of the Ohio Company of Associates; as well as Commodore Abraham Whipple and Colonel William Stacy.

> It was stated at the Conference that "more officers of the Revolution are buried in the Old Mound Cemetery, Marietta, than at any other place in the United States."
>
> DAR, *American Monthly,* Vol. 16 (Jan–Jun 1900), 329.

In 1825, General Lafayette of France, who fought with the Americans during the Revolution, visited Marietta. He said of the city's veterans: "I knew them well. I saw them fighting the battles of their country ... They were the bravest of the brave. Better men never lived."

The Washington County Historical Society compiled the a list of Revolutionary soldiers buried in Mound Cemetery, notable persons in that list shown below:

The books of Samuel Prescott Hildreth (1783–1863), buried here, provide insight into the early history of Marietta and the Northwest Territory, and the lives of the soldiers and early pioneer settlers.

Major General James Mitchell Varnum (1748–1789) was originally buried in the Mound Cemetery. His remains were later moved to Oak Grove Cemetery in Marietta.

## Bibliography

* Cotton, Willia Dawson (1900). *Sketch of Mound Cemetery, Marietta, Ohio*. Marietta, Ohio: Marietta Register Print  via Internet Archive. There is no spot west of the Alleghenies of more historic interest than the old Mound Cemetery of Marietta, for in it are buried many of the pioneers of the Great Northwest.
* Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR): *American Monthly,* Vol. 16, Jan–Jun 1900, R. R. Bowker Co., New York (1900) p. 329.
* Hawley, Owen: *Mound Cemetery, Marietta, Ohio,* Washington County Historical Society, Marietta, Ohio (1996).
* Hildreth, S. P.: *Biographical and Historical Memoirs of the Early Pioneer Settlers of Ohio*, H. W. Derby and Co., Cincinnati, Ohio (1852).
* Hildreth, S. P.: *Pioneer History: Being an Account of the First Examinations of the Ohio Valley, and the Early Settlement of the Northwest Territory*, H. W. Derby and Co., Cincinnati, Ohio (1848).
* Johnson, Clifton: *What to See in America*, Macmillan Co., New York (1919) p. 224.
* Snow, Dean R. *Archaeology of Native North America*, Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2010.
* Summers, Thomas J.: *History of Marietta*, The Leader Publishing Co., Marietta, Ohio (1903) pp. 301–09.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Mound Cemetery Mound | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Mound Cemetery with Great Mound in background | |
|  | |
| Location | 5th and Scammel Sts., Marietta, Ohio |
| Coordinates | 39°25′12″N 81°27′07″W / 39.42000°N 81.45194°W / 39.42000; -81.45194 |
| NRHP reference No. | 73001549 |
| Added to NRHP | February 23, 1973 |


title: Mount Flower

abstract: Mount Flower is a mountain with two summits, the highest at 1,465 metres (4,800 ft), standing 6.5 nautical miles (12 km) inland from Carse Point and George VI Sound, on the west coast of Palmer Land, Antarctica. This mountain lies partially within the margin of the area first photographed from the air on November 23, 1935, by Lincoln Ellsworth, and its northern extremity was mapped from these photographs by W.L.G. Joerg. It was first surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Rymill, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1954 for Geoffrey C. Flower, an instructor in survey at the Royal Geographical Society, 1933–40, who helped with the organization and working out of the surveys made by the BGLE, 1934–37.

text:
# Mount Flower

**Mount Flower** is a mountain with two summits, the highest at 1,465 metres (4,800 ft), standing 6.5 nautical miles (12 km) inland from Carse Point and George VI Sound, on the west coast of Palmer Land, Antarctica. This mountain lies partially within the margin of the area first photographed from the air on November 23, 1935, by Lincoln Ellsworth, and its northern extremity was mapped from these photographs by W.L.G. Joerg. It was first surveyed in 1936 by the British Graham Land Expedition (BGLE) under John Rymill, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1954 for Geoffrey C. Flower, an instructor in survey at the Royal Geographical Society, 1933–40, who helped with the organization and working out of the surveys made by the BGLE, 1934–37.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Flower, Mount". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey.

70°12′S 67°53′W / 70.200°S 67.883°W / -70.200; -67.883


title: North Pumping Station

abstract: North Pumping Station is a historic pumping station located at South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana. The main building was built in 1912, and is a one-story, rectangular, Classical Revival style brick building. It has a red tile hipped roof and rests on a limestone foundation. It features a projecting entrance pavilion with a pedimented colonnade of four limestone Ionic order columns and limestone trimmed arched window openings. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

text:
# North Pumping Station

**North Pumping Station** is a historic pumping station located at South Bend, St. Joseph County, Indiana. The main building was built in 1912, and is a one-story, rectangular, Classical Revival style brick building. It has a red tile hipped roof and rests on a limestone foundation. It features a projecting entrance pavilion with a pedimented colonnade of four limestone Ionic order columns and limestone trimmed arched window openings.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| North Pumping Station | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| North Pumping Station, July 2012 | |
|  | |
| Location | 830 N. Michigan Ave., South Bend, Indiana |
| Coordinates | 41°41′10″N 86°15′1″W / 41.68611°N 86.25028°W / 41.68611; -86.25028 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1912 (1912) |
| Architect | Freyemuth & Maurer |
| Architectural style | Classical Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 96001538 |
| Added to NRHP | January 2, 1997 |


title: Mount Florence Station

abstract: Mount Florence Station, often referred to as Mount Florence, is a pastoral lease that once operated as a sheep station but now operates as a cattle station. It is located about 206 kilometres (128 mi) west-southwest of Marble Bar, 178 kilometres (111 mi) southwest of Port Hedland and 157 km southeast of Karratha in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The station was established in 1882 by W.A. and W.E. Robinson, who selected 100,000 acres (40,469 ha) of land just north of Mount Margaret in the Hamersley Range. The property is named because it was on a long flat hill and from the initials of the younger Robinson's fiancée, MF. The homestead was built in the 1890s. The oldest block in the complex was demolished owing to extensive termite damage. The homestead is a group of buildings arranged about a forecourt and set on different levels as they ascend the lower slope of the high hill to the south east. In 1903 the property was acquired by John Church, who later was elected as the member for Roebourne. It remained in his possession until his death in 1937. The property was advertised for sale in 1948, when it occupied an area of 295,529 acres (119,596 ha) and had 24 paddocks for sheep and horses, and around 300 miles (483 km) of fencing. The property also had a six-room homestead, electric lights, septic tanks, kitchen, storerooms, various quarters, blacksmith shop and hay sheds. It was purchased by a South Australian pastoralist Richard Andrews. The Andrews family still owned the property in 2016.

text:
# Mount Florence Station

Mount Florenceclass=notpageimage|Location in Western Australia

21°27′05″S 119°39′05″E / 21.4513°S 119.6513°E / -21.4513; 119.6513 (Mount Florence)

**Mount Florence Station**, often referred to as **Mount Florence**, is a pastoral lease that once operated as a sheep station but now operates as a cattle station.

It is located about 206 kilometres (128 mi) west-southwest of Marble Bar, 178 kilometres (111 mi) southwest of Port Hedland and 157 km southeast of Karratha in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.

The station was established in 1882 by W.A. and W.E. Robinson, who selected 100,000 acres (40,469 ha) of land just north of Mount Margaret in the Hamersley Range. The property is named because it was on a long flat hill and from the initials of the younger Robinson's fiancée, MF (Mary Francis).

The homestead was built in the 1890s. The oldest block in the complex was demolished owing to extensive termite damage. The homestead is a group of buildings arranged about a forecourt and set on different levels as they ascend the lower slope of the high hill to the south east.

In 1903 the property was acquired by John Church, who later was elected as the member for Roebourne. It remained in his possession until his death in 1937. The property was advertised for sale in 1948, when it occupied an area of 295,529 acres (119,596 ha) and had 24 paddocks for sheep and horses, and around 300 miles (483 km) of fencing. The property also had a six-room homestead, electric lights, septic tanks, kitchen, storerooms, various quarters, blacksmith shop and hay sheds. It was purchased by a South Australian pastoralist Richard Andrews. The Andrews family still owned the property in 2016.


title: Northern Borders University

abstract: Northern Border University (NBU) is located in Arar, Saudi Arabia. It was founded in 2007. It contains 16 colleges: 9 in Arar, 4 in Rafha, 2 in Turayf, and 1 in Al Uwayqilah. It has a variety of majors in multiple levels, including bachelor's and master's degrees programs across various fields, including business, computer science, engineering, education, law, medicine, pharmacy, and sciences.. NB University has partnerships and collaborations with various international universities and institutions, including the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in the United States, the University of Stavanger in Norway, and the University of Strathclyde in the United Kingdom.

text:
# Northern Borders University

**Northern Border University** (NBU) is located in Arar, Saudi Arabia. It was founded in 2007. It contains 16 colleges: 9 in Arar, 4 in Rafha, 2 in Turayf, and 1 in Al Uwayqilah. It has a variety of majors in multiple levels, including bachelor's and master's degrees programs across various fields, including business, computer science, engineering, education, law, medicine, pharmacy, and sciences..

NB University has partnerships and collaborations with various international universities and institutions, including the University of Nebraska-Lincoln in the United States, the University of Stavanger in Norway, and the University of Strathclyde in the United Kingdom.

## InfoBox

Northern Border University
| جامعة الحدود الشمالية | |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Public university |
| Established | 2007 (2007) |
| Rector | Prof. Saeed Al Omer |
| Location | Arar, Northern Border, Saudi Arabia |
| Affiliations | c |
| Website | www.nbu.edu.sa |


title: Mr. I. Magination

abstract: Mr. I. Magination is one of the earliest American television shows for children. It ran live as a half-hour weekly show on CBS from 1949 to 1952 and was broadcast from Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan. It debuted on May 29, 1949, and ended on June 38, 1952. The host, Mr. I. Magination, dressed as a train engineer, gathered a group of children each week. The same child actors appeared on a rotating basis. Two would be selected to ask about a career, occupation, activity, and such. Tripp would then play a "magic" slide flute, then he and the children would board a train and travel to Imagination Land, where they would meet a professional from each of the two areas for that week's show. Guests were as diverse as Damu, a lion tamer from Ringling Brothers Circus, and test pilot Scott Crossfield. Ruth Enders, Ted Tiller, and Joe Silver also acted in the show. The show was also a pioneer in using simple, early special effects, such as making it appear as if the opening train ride went through a tunnel to enter Imagination Land, emerging from the smoke from its engine. Yul Brynner served as the director of the show at times, but did not appear as a performer. The show also featured performances by Walter Matthau, Richard Boone, Joe Silver, Ted Tiller, and Simon Oakland. Mr. I. Magination also was featured on several RCA records for children, including Billy On A Bike and Mr. I. Magination Meets Rip Van Winkle; there are at least two versions on LP record.

text:
# Mr. I. Magination

***Mr. I. Magination*** is one of the earliest American television shows for children. It ran live as a half-hour weekly show on CBS from 1949 to 1952 and was broadcast from Grand Central Terminal in Manhattan. It debuted on May 29, 1949, and ended on June 38, 1952.

The host, Mr. I. Magination (Paul Tripp), dressed as a train engineer, gathered a group of children each week. The same child actors appeared on a rotating basis. Two would be selected to ask about a career, occupation, activity, and such. Tripp would then play a "magic" slide flute, then he and the children would board a train and travel to Imagination Land, where they would meet a professional from each of the two areas for that week's show.

Guests were as diverse as Damu, a lion tamer from Ringling Brothers Circus, and test pilot Scott Crossfield. Ruth Enders, Ted Tiller, and Joe Silver also acted in the show. The show was also a pioneer in using simple, early special effects, such as making it appear as if the opening train ride went through a tunnel to enter Imagination Land, emerging from the smoke from its engine.

Yul Brynner served as the director of the show at times, but did not appear as a performer. The show also featured performances by Walter Matthau, Richard Boone, Joe Silver, Ted Tiller, and Simon Oakland.

Mr. I. Magination also was featured on several RCA records for children, including *Billy On A Bike* and *Mr. I. Magination Meets Rip Van Winkle*; there are at least two versions on LP (long playing) record.

## Production

The producers were Worthington Miner, Irving Pincus, and Norman Pincus. Hugh Rogers was the director. Tripp and Ray Carter composed music for the show. The show was broadcast on Sundays in time slots that ranged from 6 - 6:30 p.m. Eastern Time to 7:30 - 8 p.m. E. T.

## Critical response

A review in *The New York Times* called the program "a thoroughly rewarding half hour for viewers, both young and old". The review said that Tripp's personality created an "infectious enthusiasm" on the show while avoiding "any trace of embarrassing precocity". It also described the overall production as being "of a high professional order".

## InfoBox

| *Mr. I. Magination* | |
| --- | --- |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Original release | |
| Network | CBS |
| Release | 1949 (1949) <br>1952 (1952) |


abstract: Northern Mariana Islands competed at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics in Beijing, China, from 22–30 August 2015.

text:
# Northern Mariana Islands at the 2015 World Championships in Athletics

**Northern Mariana Islands** competed at the **2015 World Championships in Athletics** in Beijing, China, from 22–30 August 2015.

## Results

(q – qualified, NM – no mark, SB – season best)

### Men

Track and road events

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Beouch Ngirchongor | 200 metres | 23.93 **PB** | 54 | did not advance | | | |

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Northern Mariana Islands at the<br>2015 World Championships in Athletics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| WA code | NMI |
| in Beijing | |
| Competitors | 1 |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| World Championships in Athletics appearances | |
|  | |
|


title: Mount Forest Patriots

abstract: The Mount Forest Patriots are a Junior ice hockey team based in Mount Forest, Ontario, Canada. They play in the Provincial Junior Hockey League (PJHL).

text:
# Mount Forest Patriots

The **Mount Forest Patriots** are a Junior ice hockey team based in Mount Forest, Ontario, Canada. They play in the Provincial Junior Hockey League (PJHL).

## History

With their expansion into the Ontario Hockey Association in 1987, the Patriots served as a catalyst for the genesis of the Grey-Bruce Junior "C" Hockey League (GBJHL) into the WJCHL. Until 1987, all teams in the GBJHL were from Grey County and Bruce County. Mount Forest, at the Southern border of Grey County, is actually a part of Wellington County and therefore rendered the GBJHL inadequate. The expansion of the Pats came soon after the folding of the Markdale Mohawks and the Arthur Eagles, two local Junior "D" teams.

Following nine years of WJCHL domination by the Hanover Barons, the Patriots came into their own. The team won three consecutive league titles from 1994 until 1996, but could not surpass the Belle River Canadiens (1994), Bowmanville Eagles (1995), or the Paris Mounties (1996) in the early rounds of the All-Ontario Championship to win the Clarence Schmalz Cup. In 1998, the Patriots were designated the farm team of the Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League's Durham Huskies. This relationship resulted in the Patriots fielding the first Russian to play in the WJCHL, Valentine Lidvanov, however the teams' affiliation was severed in 2001 when the Huskies left the OPJHL to join the WJCHL. The Huskies were granted leave from the OPJHL, but were voted out of the WJCHL before they could play a game.

The Pats have struggled to obtain their first winning season since 1998. Nonetheless, the arena is often filled at home games.

The 2004–05 season ended with the Mount Forest Patriots on the outside looking in. At the very end of the season, the upstart Goderich Sailors jumped ahead of the Patriots to take control of the fourth playoff seed and leaving the Patriots eliminated from the playoffs.

In 2005–06, the Patriots finished in last place overall but took advantage of an expanded playoff format introduced that season. The playoffs did not last long though as the Hanover Barons swept the Patriots in the league quarter-final 2-games-to-none.

The 2006–07 season ended with the Patriots back up in the fifth seed. They challenged the Hanover Barons in the league quarter-final and were defeated 3 games to 1.

During the summer of 2016 the eight junior "C" leagues in Southern Ontario came together as the Provincial Junior Hockey League. The former leagues became divisions and assigned to one of four conferences. The Patriots were assigned to the North Conference and the Pollock Division.

The Patriots have seen some success recently after the amalgamation of the Provincial Junior Hockey League. This success has been within their own division (Pollock) after winning the 2016-17 and 2017-18 division championships over the Walkerton Hawks. After defeating the Wingham Ironmen 4-0, they would see the 2nd-seeded Mitchell Hawks in the semi-finals for the Pollock Division. Though Mitchell was, on paper, the better team, and the Hawks jumped out to a quick 3-0 lead, the Patriots would fight back and win the series 4 games to 3. On the road in Game 7, the Patriots took the game 5-2 for their first upset in the Pollock division that year. The second upset was when the Patriots defeated the Walkerton Hawks 4 games to 3 in the division final to win their first league championship in 20 years. After their division win they would face the renowned Alliston Hornets. The Hornets would end up handling the series fairly easily, 4 games to 1.

The Patriots 2017–2018 season was one for the team's history books. After finishing first with a league record of 31-7-2 and one of the most successful seasons in Patriots history, they received a first-round bye. The second round saw them matched up against a familiar adversary: the Wingham Ironmen. The previous year, the Patriots had swept the Ironmen in the quarter-finals. Though the round initially looked to be close, the Patriots took the series 4-0. The Patriots were once again matched against the Walkerton Hawks in the division final. This series was in the Patriots' favor for the second year in a row, with Mount Forest winning their second division title in as many years, 4-2. After their 2nd division win in 2 years, the Patriots faced the newly acclaimed Carruthers Division champions Stayner Siskins. The Siskins won a closely matched series 4-1, before going on to lose to Schmalz Cup Champions the Lakefield Chiefs.

## Season-by-season standings

| **Season** | **GP** | **W** | **L** | **T** | **OTL** | **GF** | **GA** | **P** | **Results** | **Playoffs** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1987-88 | 30 | 11 | 14 | 5 | - | 129 | 132 | 27 | 4th of 6 GBJCHL |  |
| 1988-89 | 30 | 12 | 13 | 5 | - | 149 | 148 | 29 | 4th of 6 WJCHL | Won quarter-final, 3-0 (Bears)
Lost semi-final, 0-4 (Ironmen) |
| 1989-90 | 30 | 13 | 15 | 2 | - | 156 | 180 | 28 | 4th of 6 WJCHL | Lost semi-final, 0-4 (Barons) |
| 1990-91 | 30 | 8 | 18 | 4 | - | 110 | 126 | 20 | 6th of 7 WJCHL |  |
| 1991-92 | 29 | 9 | 16 | 4 | - | 121 | 142 | 22 | 5th of 7 WJCHL |  |
| 1992-93 | 29 | 9 | 17 | 3 | - | 138 | 170 | 21 | 5th of 7 WJCHL |  |
| 1993-94 | 32 | 22 | 6 | 4 | - | -- | -- | 48 | **1st of 5 WJCHL** | **Won League**
Won CSC QF, 4-1 (Siskins)
Lost CSC SF, 0-4 (Canadiens) |
| 1994-95 | 29 | 21 | 3 | 5 | - | 102 | 74 | 47 | **1st of 7 WJCHL** | **Won League**
Won CSC QF (Devils)
Lost CSC SF, 3-4 (Eagles) |
| 1995-96 | 30 | 22 | 6 | 2 | - | 179 | 95 | 46 | 2nd of 7 WJCHL | **Won League**
Won CSC QF, 4-1 (Siskins)
Lost CSC SF, 0-4 (Raiders) |
| 1996-97 | 30 | 15 | 10 | 5 | - | 158 | 141 | 35 | 3rd of 7 WJCHL |  |
| 1997-98 | 36 | 11 | 21 | 4 | - | 145 | 164 | 26 | 5th of 7 WJCHL | Won quarter-final (Ironmen)
Lost semi-final (Barons) |
| 1998-99 | 36 | 11 | 18 | 7 | - | 103 | 134 | 29 | 5th of 7 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 0-3 (Bulldogs) |
| 1999-00\* | 34 | 8 | 22 | 4 | - | 91 | 157 | 20 | 5th of 7 WJCHL | DNQ |
| 2000-01 | 39 | 19 | 17 | 3 | - | 152 | 149 | 41 | 3rd of 6 WJCHL | Won quarter-final, 3-1 (Wolves)
Lost semi-final, 0-4 (Bulldogs) |
| 2001-02 | 34 | 18 | 13 | 3 | - | 126 | 107 | 39 | 4th of 6 WJCHL | Won quarter-final, 3-0 (Walkerton Hawks)
Lost semi-final, 1-4 (Bulldogs) |
| 2002-03 | 35 | 10 | 24 | - | 1 | 92 | 168 | 21 | 5th of 6 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 0-3 (Ironmen) |
| 2003-04 | 33 | 10 | 22 | 1 | 0 | 127 | 154 | 21 | 5th of 6 WJCHL | Won quarter-final, 3-2 (Walkerton Hawks)
Lost semi-final, 0-4 (Ironmen) |
| 2004-05 | 40 | 8 | 28 | 4 | 0 | 140 | 225 | 20 | 5th of 5 WJCHL | DNQ |
| 2005-06 | 38 | 4 | 32 | 2 | 0 | 83 | 232 | 10 | 6th of 6 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 0-2 (Barons) |
| 2006-07 | 40 | 6 | 32 | 0 | 2 | 126 | 244 | 14 | 5th of 6 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 1-3 (Barons) |
| 2007-08 | 40 | 4 | 35 | - | 1 | 102 | 267 | 9 | 6th of 6 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 0-3 (Barons) |
| 2008-09 | 36 | 1 | 34 | - | 1 | 70 | 265 | 3 | 7th of 7 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 0-3 (Bulldogs) |
| 2009-10 | 36 | 7 | 27 | - | 2 | 98 | 173 | 16 | 6th of 7 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 2-3 (Mitchell Hawks) |
| 2010-11 | 36 | 10 | 22 | - | 4 | 111 | 166 | 24 | 6th of 7 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 0-3 (Mitchell Hawks) |
| 2011-12 | 36 | 14 | 21 | - | 1 | 130 | 156 | 29 | 6th of 7 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 0-4 (Barons) |
| 2012-13 | 36 | 16 | 17 | - | 3 | 162 | 158 | 35 | 5th of 7 WJCHL | Won quarter-final, 4-2 (Ironmen)
Lost semi-final, 3-4 (Walkerton Hawks) |
| 2013-14 | 35 | 18 | 14 | - | 3 | 157 | 162 | 39 | 3rd of 7 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 3-4 (Barons) |
| 2014-15 | 36 | 16 | 20 | 0 | - | 160 | 146 | 32 | 5th of 7 WJCHL | Lost quarter-final, 2-4 (Bulldogs) |
| 2015-16 | 36 | 22 | 13 | 1 | - | 179 | 135 | 45 | 3rd of 7 WJCHL | Won quarter-final, 4-3 (Barons)
Lost semi-finals, 3-4 (Bulldogs) |
| 2016-17 | 36 | 17 | 17 | 2 | - | 126 | 118 | 36 | 3rd of 7
Pollock Div. PJHL | Won Div. QF, 4-0 (Ironmen)
Won Div. SF, 4-3 (Mitchell Hawks)
**Won Div. Final**, 4-3 (Walkerton Hawks)
Lost Conf. Final, 1-4 (Hornets) |
| 2017-18 | 40 | 31 | 7 | 2 | - | 199 | 104 | 64 | **1st of 7**
Pollock Div. PJHL | Won Div. SF, 4-0 (Ironmen)
**Won Div. Final**, 4-2 (Walkerton Hawks)
Lost Conf. Final, 1-4 (Siskins) |
| 2018-19 | 42 | 32 | 9 | 1 | - | 186 | 120 | 65 | **1st of 7**
Pollock Div. PJHL | Won Div. SF, 4-0 (Walkerton Hawks)
**Won Div. Final**, 4-2 (Ironmen)
Lost North Conf., 2-4 (Hornets) |
| 2019-20 | 42 | 33 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 214 | 109 | 68 | **1st of 7**
Pollock Div. PJHL | Won Div. SF, 4-3 (M Hawks)
n/d, 1-1 (Ironmen)
Remaining playoffs cancelled - covid |
| 2020-21 | Season Lost due to COVID-19 pandemic | | | | | | | | | |
| 2021-22 | 32 | 18 | 11 | 2 | 1 | 115 | 111 | 39 | 3rd of 7
Pollock Div. PJHL | Won Div. QF, 4-0 (W Hawks)
Lost Div. SF,, 0-4 (M Hawks) |
| 2022-23 | 42 | 32 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 201 | 130 | 65 | **1st of 7**
Pollock Div. PJHL | Div. QF, bye
Won Div. SF, 4-3 (Ironmen)
**Won Div. Finals**, 4-3 (Barons)
Lost North Conf, 2-4 (Siskins) |
| 2023-24 | 42 | 32 | 7 | 3 | 0 | 183 | 108 | 67 | 2nd of 8
Pollock Div. PJHL | Won Div. QF, 4-0 (M Hawks)
Won Div SF, 4-1 (Bulldogs)
Lost Div Finals, 3-4 (Barons) |

(\*) *The 1999-00 Season was altered drastically due to the folding of the Lakeshore Pirates. As a disproportionate number of games had been played by each team against Lakeshore, all history of these games were erased. If they had been included, the Patriots' record against the Pirates was 4-0-0.*

## InfoBox

| Mount Forest Patriots | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| City | Mount Forest, Ontario |
| League | Provincial Junior Hockey League |
| Conference | North |
| Division | Pollock |
| Founded | 1987 (1987) |
| Home arena | Mount Forest & District Sportsplex |
| Colours | Black, Green, Yellow, and White |
| General manager | Josh Keil |
| Head coach | Zac Coulter |


title: Nova Scotia Route 210

abstract: Route 210 is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. It is located in Lunenburg County and the Region of Queens Municipality, connecting Middlefield on Trunk 8 to Newcombville on Route 325

text:
# Nova Scotia Route 210

**Route 210** is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

It is located in Lunenburg County and the Region of Queens Municipality, connecting Middlefield on Trunk 8 to Newcombville on Route 325

## Communities

## InfoBox

| Route 210 | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by Nova Scotia Department of Transportation and Infrastructure Renewal | |
| Length | 32 km (20 mi) |
| Major junctions | |
| West end | Trunk 8 in Greenfield (Middlefield) |
| East end | Route 325 in Newcombville |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Nova Scotia |
| Counties | Lunenburg |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| Route 209   Route 211 | |


title: Mościska, Gmina Skrwilno

abstract: Mościska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skrwilno, within Rypin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

text:
# Mościska, Gmina Skrwilno

**Mościska** \[mɔɕˈt͡ɕiska\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skrwilno, within Rypin County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland.

## InfoBox

| Mościska | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Mościska | |
| Coordinates: 53°00′09″N 19°39′30″E / 53.00250°N 19.65833°E / 53.00250; 19.65833 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Kuyavian-Pomeranian |
| County | Rypin |
| Gmina | Skrwilno |


title: Mount Wynne

abstract: Mount Wynne is a 13,179-foot-elevation (4,017-meter) mountain summit located one mile west of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Fresno County of northern California, United States. It is situated in eastern Kings Canyon National Park, 31 miles (50 km) northwest of the town of Lone Pine, 0.4 miles immediately east of Pinchot Pass, and 0.66 miles (1.06 km) south of Mount Pinchot, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Mt. Wynne ranks as the 116th highest summit in California. Topographic relief is significant as the south aspect rises nearly 2,000 feet above the surrounding terrain in approximately one mile. The approach to this remote peak is made via the John Muir Trail. The first ascent of the summit was made in 1935 by a Sierra Club party.

text:
# Mount Wynne

**Mount Wynne** is a 13,179-foot-elevation (4,017-meter) mountain summit located one mile west of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in Fresno County of northern California, United States. It is situated in eastern Kings Canyon National Park, 31 miles (50 km) northwest of the town of Lone Pine, 0.4 miles immediately east of Pinchot Pass, and 0.66 miles (1.06 km) south of Mount Pinchot, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Mt. Wynne ranks as the 116th highest summit in California. Topographic relief is significant as the south aspect rises nearly 2,000 feet (610 meters) above the surrounding terrain in approximately one mile. The approach to this remote peak is made via the John Muir Trail. The first ascent of the summit was made in 1935 by a Sierra Club party.

## Etymology

The peak's name honors Sedman Walter Wynne (1883–1922), US Forest Service supervisor of the Sequoia National Forest, who died through his official work. He was born in Butte, Montana, attended University of California, and Yale. He died of sudden heart failure at age 39 while on a field trip for the Forest Service attending a football game between University of California and University of Southern California. The mountain's toponym was officially adopted in 1932 by the United States Board on Geographic Names.

## Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Mount Wynne is located in an alpine climate zone. Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel east toward the Sierra Nevada mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the range (orographic lift). Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the South Fork Kings River.

## InfoBox

| Mount Wynne | |
| --- | --- |
| West aspect from Pinchot Pass | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 13,179 ft (4,017 m) |
| Prominence | 318 ft (97 m) |
| Parent peak | Mount Pinchot |
| Isolation | 0.66 mi (1.06 km) |
| Listing | Sierra Peaks Section |
| Coordinates | 36°56′17″N 118°24′11″W / 36.9380113°N 118.4029183°W / 36.9380113; -118.4029183 |
| Naming | |
| Etymology | Sedman W. Wynne |
| Geography | |
| Mount WynneLocation in CaliforniaMount WynneMount Wynne (the United States) | |
| Location | Kings Canyon National Park
Fresno County
California, U.S. |
| Parent range | Sierra Nevada |
| Topo map | USGS *Mount Pinchot* |
| Geology | |
| Type of rock | metamorphic |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | 1935 |
| Easiest route | class 2 |


title: Mount Xiaowutai

abstract: Mount Xiaowutai is a mountain located in Yu County in the northwest of the province of Hebei, China. With an altitude of 2,882 m (9,455 ft), it is the highest point in Hebei and the Taihang Mountains.

text:
# Mount Xiaowutai

**Mount Xiaowutai** (Chinese: 小五台山; pinyin: *Xiǎowǔtái Shān*; lit. 'little Wutai') is a mountain located in Yu County in the northwest of the province of Hebei, China. With an altitude of 2,882 m (9,455 ft), it is the highest point in Hebei and the Taihang Mountains.

## InfoBox

| Mount Xiaowutai | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,882 m (9,455 ft) |
| Prominence | 1,519 m (4,984 ft) |
| Coordinates | 39°56′29″N 115°2′35″E / 39.94139°N 115.04306°E / 39.94139; 115.04306 |
| Geography | |
| Mount XiaowutaiLocation in HebeiMount XiaowutaiMount Xiaowutai (Northern China)Mount XiaowutaiMount Xiaowutai (China) | |
| Location | Yu County, Hebei, China |
| Parent range | Taihang Mountains |


title: Nova Scotia Route 211

abstract: Route 211 is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. It is located in Guysborough County and connects Stillwater on Trunk 7 to Isaac's Harbour North on Route 316.

text:
# Nova Scotia Route 211

**Route 211** is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. It is located in Guysborough County and connects Stillwater on Trunk 7 to Isaac's Harbour North on Route 316.

## Communities

## InfoBox

| Route 211 | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by Nova Scotia Department of Transportation and Infrastructure Renewal | |
| Length | 35 km (22 mi) |
| Major junctions | |
| West end | Trunk 7 in Stillwater |
| Major intersections | Country Harbour Ferry |
| East end | Route 316 in Isaac's Harbour North |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Nova Scotia |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| Route 210   Route 212 | |


title: Mouriri laxiflora

abstract: Mouriri laxiflora is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

text:
# Mouriri laxiflora

***Mouriri laxiflora*** is a species of plant in the family Melastomataceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## InfoBox

| *Mouriri laxiflora* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Near Threatened  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Myrtales |
| Family: | Melastomataceae |
| Genus: | *Mouriri* |
| Species: | ***M. laxiflora*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mouriri laxiflora***
Morley | |
|


title: Northern little yellow-eared bat

abstract: The northern little yellow-eared bat is a bat species found from southern Mexico to Bolivia, the Guianas and western Brazil.

text:
# Northern little yellow-eared bat

The **northern little yellow-eared bat** (***Vampyressa thyone***) is a bat species found from southern Mexico to Bolivia, the Guianas and western Brazil.

## InfoBox

| Northern little yellow-eared bat | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Chiroptera |
| Family: | Phyllostomidae |
| Genus: | *Vampyressa* |
| Species: | ***V. thyone*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Vampyressa thyone***
Thomas, 1909 | |
|
|  | |


title: Norumbega Castle

abstract: Norumbega Castle is a historic house at 63 High Street in Camden, Maine. Built in 1886-87 for duplex telegraph inventor Joseph Barker Stearns, it is one of Mid Coast Maine's most elaborate 19th-century summer houses, exhibiting a sophisticated Queen Anne style in stone and wood. It now houses the Norumbega Inn, a bed and breakfast inn. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

text:
# Norumbega Castle

**Norumbega Castle** is a historic house at 63 High Street in Camden, Maine. Built in 1886-87 for duplex telegraph inventor Joseph Barker Stearns, it is one of Mid Coast Maine's most elaborate 19th-century summer houses, exhibiting a sophisticated Queen Anne style in stone and wood. It now houses the **Norumbega Inn**, a bed and breakfast inn. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

## Description and history

Norumbega Castle stands north of downtown Camden, on the southeast side of High Street (United States Route 1), beyond its junction with Marine Drive. It is a 2+12-story structure, finished in rusticated stone with brick and wooden trim. It is basically rectangular in shape, but its features are asymmetrically arranged, typical for the Queen Anne period. Its main facade has three sections. The center section rises three stories, and is topped by a stepped gable. The right section, also three stories, has a projecting section topped by a conical turret. The interior is elaborately finished, and featured the latest innovations in modern households of the period, including electric lights and steam heat.

Norumbega was designed by New York City architect Arthur B. Jennings, and built by a local contractor in 1886–87. It was built for Joseph Barker Stearns, a native of Weld, Maine, who made a fortune in the telegraph industry by patenting duplex telegraphy and licensing it worldwide. Jennings also designed the estate's carriage house, which is now in separate ownership, and is also listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Media related to Norumbega Castle at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Norumbega | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district<br>Contributing property | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 63 High St., Camden, Maine |
| Coordinates | 44°13′4″N 69°3′26″W / 44.21778°N 69.05722°W / 44.21778; -69.05722 |
| Area | 1 acre (0.40 ha) |
| Built | 1886 (1886) |
| Architect | Jennings, Arthur Bates |
| Architectural style | Queen Anne |
| Part of | High Street Historic District (ID88001843) |
| NRHP reference No. | 74000174 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | July 12, 1974 |
| Designated CP | January 5, 1989 |


title: Signe Pierce

abstract: Signe Pierce is an American artist who has worked in performance, photography, video and digital art. Her works, which "span photography, performance, and installation", have been shown at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Los Angeles, at the Museum of Modern Art and the New Museum in New York, and at the Palais de Tokyo in Paris. Pierce has a BFA in photography from the School of Visual Arts in Manhattan. In 2013, she performed in a short film, American Reflexxx, shot by her girlfriend Alli Coates. It shows Pierce, in a short dress and a mirror-finish mask, moving through the streets of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, where she is derided and then attacked. It was shown at "Bushwick Gone Basel", an event in a bar in Miami Beach during Art Basel Miami in 2013, and at the BHFQU Brucennial in 2014. It has been watched more than 1.7 million times on YouTube. Rhizome called it "a brave work that construes many related topics within current cyberfeminist discourses", while Art F City said it was "terrifying, surreal—and true." Pierce's work draws upon exaggerated hyperfeminine aesthetics, such as Barbie accessories and pink and purple neon lights. She has said she identifies as a feminist but has "been thinking about the binary aspects of the term 'feminist' and how we can move past gendered terms in general." Pierce records music under the name Big Sister and collaborated on several tracks with Sophie before the producer's death in 2021. One of these, "Do U Wanna Be Alive," was later released on Sophie's posthumous album. Pierce's work has also been shown at the Castor Gallery's SATELLITE Art Show (2016), the Nathalie Halgand Galerie in Vienna (2017), and the Annka Kultys Gallery in London. In 2020, Pierce's work was one of 35 artists included in "Time for Outrage!" at the Kunstpalast Düsseldorf.

text:
# Signe Pierce

**Signe Pierce** is an American artist who has worked in performance, photography, video and digital art. Her works, which "span photography, performance, and installation", have been shown at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Los Angeles, at the Museum of Modern Art and the New Museum in New York, and at the Palais de Tokyo in Paris.

Pierce has a BFA in photography from the School of Visual Arts in Manhattan.

In 2013, she performed in a short film, *American Reflexxx*, shot by her girlfriend Alli Coates. It shows Pierce, in a short dress and a mirror-finish mask, moving through the streets of Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, where she is derided and then attacked. It was shown at "Bushwick Gone Basel", an event in a bar in Miami Beach during Art Basel Miami in 2013, and at the BHFQU Brucennial in 2014. It has been watched more than 1.7 million times on YouTube. *Rhizome* called it "a brave work that construes many related topics within current cyberfeminist discourses", while *Art F City* said it was "terrifying, surreal—and true."

Pierce's work draws upon exaggerated hyperfeminine aesthetics, such as Barbie accessories and pink and purple neon lights. She has said she identifies as a feminist but has "been thinking about the binary aspects of the term 'feminist' and how we can move past gendered terms in general."

Pierce records music under the name Big Sister and collaborated on several tracks with Sophie before the producer's death in 2021. One of these, "Do U Wanna Be Alive," was later released on Sophie's posthumous album.

Pierce's work has also been shown at the Castor Gallery's SATELLITE Art Show (2016), the Nathalie Halgand Galerie in Vienna (2017), and the Annka Kultys Gallery in London (2018 & 2019). In 2020, Pierce's work was one of 35 artists included in "Time for Outrage!" at the Kunstpalast Düsseldorf.

## InfoBox

| Signe Pierce | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | School of Visual Arts |
| Notable work | americanreflexxx.com |
| Website | signepierce.tumblr.com |


title: Nova Scotia Route 306

abstract: Route 306 is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. It is located in the Halifax Regional Municipality and connects Spryfield at Route 349 with Sambro at Route 349. It is also known as "Old Sambro Road."

text:
# Nova Scotia Route 306

**Route 306** is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

It is located in the Halifax Regional Municipality and connects Spryfield at Route 349 with Sambro at Route 349.

It is also known as "Old Sambro Road."

## Communities

## Parks

## InfoBox

| Route 306 | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by Nova Scotia Department of Transportation and Infrastructure Renewal | |
| Length | 19 km (12 mi) |
| Major junctions | |
| South end | Route 349 in Sambro |
| North end | Route 349 in Spryfield |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Nova Scotia |
| Counties | Halifax Regional Municipality |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| Route 305   Route 307 | |


title: MuPDF

abstract: MuPDF is a free and open-source software framework written in C that implements a PDF, XPS, and EPUB parsing and rendering engine. It is used primarily to render pages into bitmaps, but also provides support for other operations such as searching and listing the table of contents and hyperlinks. The focus of MuPDF is on speed, small code size, and high-quality anti-aliased rendering. Since the 1.2 release, MuPDF has optional support for interactive features such as form filling, JavaScript and transitions. The library ships with a rudimentary X11 and Windows viewer, and a set of command-line tools for batch rendering, examining the file structure, and rewriting files. Later versions also have a JavaScript interpreter that allows running scripts to create and edit PDF files. A number of free software applications use MuPDF to render PDF documents, the most notable being Sumatra PDF. MuPDF is also available as a package for most Unix-like operating system distributions. Independent parties have ported the library to many platforms, including the Amazon Kindle, HP TouchPad, PlayStation Portable, Wii, and DOS.

text:
# MuPDF

**MuPDF** is a free and open-source software framework written in  that implements a PDF, XPS, and EPUB parsing and rendering engine. It is used primarily to render pages into bitmaps, but also provides support for other operations such as searching and listing the table of contents and hyperlinks.

The focus of MuPDF is on speed, small code size, and high-quality anti-aliased rendering. Since the 1.2 release, MuPDF has optional support for interactive features such as form filling, JavaScript and transitions.

The library ships with a rudimentary X11 and Windows viewer, and a set of command-line tools for batch rendering (mutool draw), examining the file structure (mutool show), and rewriting files (mutool clean). Later versions also have a JavaScript interpreter (mutool run) that allows running scripts to create and edit PDF files.

A number of free software applications use MuPDF to render PDF documents, the most notable being Sumatra PDF. MuPDF is also available as a package for most Unix-like operating system distributions.

Independent parties have ported the library to many platforms, including the Amazon Kindle, HP TouchPad, PlayStation Portable, Wii, and DOS.

## History

In 2002, Tor Andersson started work on MuPDF based on the Libart rendering library by Raph Levien. After Artifex Software acquired the MuPDF project, the development focus shifted on writing a new modern graphics library called Fitz. Fitz was originally intended as an R&D project to replace the aging Ghostscript graphics library, but has instead become the rendering engine powering MuPDF.

In 2005, the first version of MuPDF with the new Fitz library was released.

In 2009, Artifex Software filed a copyright infringement lawsuit against Palm, Inc. for violating their copyrights on MuPDF. At that time Artifex offered MuPDF dual-licensed, either under GPLv2 or under a proprietary license meant by Artifex for commercial use. When Palm included MuPDF in webOS and complied with GPLv2 by releasing the changed source code of the library, Artifex claimed that the GPL version would be unsuitable for "commercial use" as the complete, aggregated product (PDFviewer, WebOS) would have to be placed under GPL. Artifex voluntarily dismissed the suit in 2011.

In 2011, support for Microsoft's XPS was added, based on code from the GhostXPS library.

Since February 2013, with the 1.2 release, licensing terms have changed from GNU General Public License to GNU Affero General Public License v3.

## InfoBox

MuPDF
|
|  |
| Original author(s) | Tor Andersson |
| Developer(s) | Artifex Software, Inc. |
| Initial release | 31 March 2005 (2005-03-31) |
|  | |
| Stable release | 1.24.7  / 19 July 2024 (19 July 2024) |
|  | |
| Repository |  |
| Written in |  |
| Operating system | Unix-like, Windows, Android, iOS |
| Type | Framework |
| License | dual-licensed (GNU Affero General Public License and commercial permissive license) |
| Website | mupdf.com |