title: Morgan Craft

abstract: Morgan Craft, is an American competitive shooter. A member of the U.S. national shooting team in the women's skeet, she competed at the 2015 World Shotgun Championships in Lonato, Italy. She scored higher than teammate Caitlin Connor for the gold medal and a spot to her first Olympic Games in a shoot-off with a score of 15–13. Craft is currently ranked number one in the women's Olympic skeet.

text:
# Morgan Craft

**Morgan Craft** (born May 11, 1993, in Muncy Valley, Pennsylvania), is an American competitive shooter. A member of the U.S. national shooting team in the women's skeet, she competed at the 2015 World Shotgun Championships in Lonato, Italy. She scored higher than teammate Caitlin Connor for the gold medal and a spot to her first Olympic Games in a shoot-off with a score of 15–13.

Craft is currently ranked number one in the women's Olympic skeet.

## InfoBox

Morgan Craft
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Morgan Craft |
| Nationality | United States |
| Born | (1993-05-11) 11 May 1993
Muncy Valley, Pennsylvania,
United States |
| Height | 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) |
| Weight | 60 kg (132 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Shooting |
| Event | Skeet (SK75) |
| Coached by | Craig Hancock |
| Medal record      Women's shooting  Representing the  United States  World Championships  2015 Lonato, Italy  SK75 | |


title: Monetary compensatory amounts

abstract: Monetary compensatory amounts (MCAs) were border measures in the EU consisting of taxes and subsidies formerly applicable to intra-EC trade in agricultural and food products for which intervention prices were set. These border measures were made necessary by the fact that intervention prices were set in ECUs and converted into national currency terms at green rates, set at levels different from commercial market rates. This gave rise to price differentials between member nations that would influence intra-EC trade if not offset by the MCAs. The system worked by subsidizing exports from strong-currency countries, and taxing exports from weak- currency countries. MCAs were abolished in 1993, when border controls were removed with the advent of the Single Market.

text:
# Monetary compensatory amounts

**Monetary compensatory amounts** (MCAs) were border measures in the EU consisting of taxes and subsidies formerly applicable to intra-EC trade in agricultural and food products for which intervention prices were set. These border measures were made necessary by the fact that intervention prices were set in ECUs and converted into national currency terms at green rates, set at levels different from commercial market rates. This gave rise to price differentials between member nations (in market ECUs) that would influence intra-EC trade if not offset by the MCAs. The system worked by subsidizing exports (and taxing imports) from strong-currency countries, and taxing exports (subsidizing imports) from weak- currency countries.

MCAs were abolished in 1993, when border controls were removed with the advent of the Single Market.

* This article incorporates public domain material from Jasper Womach. *Report for Congress: Agriculture: A Glossary of Terms, Programs, and Laws, 2005 Edition* (PDF). Congressional Research Service.


title: Mordellistena tibialis

abstract: Mordellistena tibialis is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Lea in 1917.

text:
# Mordellistena tibialis

***Mordellistena tibialis*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordellistena* of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Lea in 1917.

## InfoBox

| *Mordellistena tibialis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordellistena* |
| Species: | ***M. tibialis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordellistena tibialis***<br>Lea, 1917 | |
|


title: Monrad Norderval

abstract: Monrad Oskar Norderval (1902–1976) was a Norwegian bishop in the Church of Norway. Norderval was born in Ålesund, Norway in 1902. He graduated with the cand.theol. degree in 1928 from the Royal Frederick University in Oslo. He began his ministry as an assistant pastor in Skjervøy Municipality in 1929. He then served as vicar in Tana Municipality from 1929–1935, in Ørsta Municipality from 1935–1948, Ålesund Municipality from 1948–1961, and was the bishop of the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland from 1961–1972. He also published poems, essay collections, and memoirs. He died in Ålesund in 1976. He was one of the founders of the human rights organization Mission Behind the Iron Curtain, a precursor to Stefanus Alliance International.

text:
# Monrad Norderval

**Monrad Oskar Norderval** (1902–1976) was a Norwegian bishop in the Church of Norway.

Norderval was born in Ålesund, Norway in 1902. He graduated with the cand.theol. degree in 1928 from the Royal Frederick University in Oslo. He began his ministry as an assistant pastor in Skjervøy Municipality in 1929. He then served as vicar in Tana Municipality from 1929–1935, in Ørsta Municipality from 1935–1948, Ålesund Municipality from 1948–1961, and was the bishop of the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland from 1961–1972. He also published poems, essay collections, and memoirs. He died in Ålesund in 1976.

He was one of the founders of the human rights organization *Mission Behind the Iron Curtain*, a precursor to Stefanus Alliance International.

## InfoBox

| Monrad Oskar Norderval | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop | |
| Church | Church of Norway |
| Diocese | Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland |
| In office | 1961–1972 |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 27 June 1929
by Eivind Berggrav |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1902-01-28)28 January 1902
Ålesund, Norway |
| Died | 24 December 1976(1976-12-24) (aged 74)
Ålesund, Norway |
| Nationality | Norwegian |
| Denomination | Christian |
| Spouse | Oddlaug Liavaag |
| Occupation | Priest |
| Education | Cand.theol. (1928) |
| Alma mater | Royal Frederick University |


title: Monrad Wallgren

abstract: Monrad Charles Wallgren was an American politician who served as the 13th governor of Washington from 1945 to 1949, as well as representing that state in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate. Wallgren, of Swedish descent, was born in Des Moines, Iowa in 1891. His family moved to Texas in 1894 and then to Everett, Washington in 1901. He attended public schools and business college in Everett, graduating from the Washington State School of Optometry in Spokane, Washington in 1914. He worked in retail jewelry and optometry from 1915 to 1932, as well as serving in the Washington National Guard from 1917 to 1919 and 1921 to 1922. He was an outstanding player of carom billiards. In 1932, Wallgren ran for election to the United States House of Representatives as a Democrat. He defeated incumbent Republican Albert Johnson, and took office in the 73rd United States Congress on March 4, 1933. Near the end of his fourth term in 1940, Wallgren ran for United States Senate to replace fellow Democrat Lewis B. Schwellenbach, who was retiring to accept a judicial nomination. Wallgren won the election, and was also appointed to finish the rest of Schwellenbach's term. He took office on December 19, 1940. While Wallgren served portions of two different terms, he served less than 6 years in the Senate. In 1944, he successfully ran for Governor of Washington against incumbent Republican Arthur B. Langlie, resigning from the Senate on January 9, 1945 to serve as governor from then until 1949. He was defeated for re-election as governor by Langlie in 1948, and was nominated by President Harry Truman as the chairman of the National Security Resources Board. That nomination was later withdrawn, and Wallgren served as chairman of the Federal Power Commission in 1950 and 1951. He then retired from public service. In 1961, Wallgren died of complications resulting from a traffic accident.

text:
# Monrad Wallgren

**Monrad Charles Wallgren** (April 17, 1891  September 18, 1961) was an American politician who served as the 13th governor of Washington from 1945 to 1949, as well as representing that state in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate.

Wallgren, of Swedish descent, was born in Des Moines, Iowa in 1891. His family moved to Texas in 1894 and then to Everett, Washington in 1901. He attended public schools and business college in Everett, graduating from the Washington State School of Optometry in Spokane, Washington in 1914. He worked in retail jewelry and optometry from 1915 to 1932, as well as serving in the Washington National Guard from 1917 to 1919 and 1921 to 1922. He was an outstanding player of carom billiards.

In 1932, Wallgren ran for election to the United States House of Representatives as a Democrat. He defeated incumbent Republican Albert Johnson, and took office in the 73rd United States Congress on March 4, 1933. Near the end of his fourth term in 1940, Wallgren ran for United States Senate to replace fellow Democrat Lewis B. Schwellenbach, who was retiring to accept a judicial nomination. Wallgren won the election, and was also appointed to finish the rest of Schwellenbach's term. He took office on December 19, 1940.

While Wallgren served portions of two different terms (the end of Schwellenbach's and the one that Wallgren was elected to), he served less than 6 years in the Senate. In 1944, he successfully ran for Governor of Washington against incumbent Republican Arthur B. Langlie, resigning from the Senate on January 9, 1945 to serve as governor from then until 1949. He was defeated for re-election as governor by Langlie in 1948, and was nominated by President Harry Truman as the chairman of the National Security Resources Board. That nomination was later withdrawn, and Wallgren served as chairman of the Federal Power Commission in 1950 and 1951. He then retired from public service.

In 1961, Wallgren died of complications resulting from a traffic accident.

## InfoBox

| Monrad Wallgren | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the Federal Power Commission | |
| **In office**
November 2, 1949  October 1, 1951 | |
| President | Harry S. Truman |
| 13th Governor of Washington | |
| **In office**
January 10, 1945  January 12, 1949 | |
| Lieutenant | Victor A. Meyers |
| Preceded by | Arthur B. Langlie |
| Succeeded by | Arthur B. Langlie |
| United States Senator
from Washington | |
| **In office**
December 19, 1940  January 9, 1945 | |
| Preceded by | Lewis B. Schwellenbach |
| Succeeded by | Hugh Mitchell |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Washington's 2nd district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1933  December 19, 1940 | |
| Preceded by | Lindley H. Hadley |
| Succeeded by | Henry M. Jackson |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Monrad Charles Wallgren
(1891-04-17)April 17, 1891
Des Moines, Iowa, U.S. |
| Died | September 18, 1961(1961-09-18) (aged 70)
Olympia, Washington, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Branch/service | United States Army
 |
| Years of service | 19171919, 19211922 |
| Rank | First Lieutenant |
| Unit | United States Army Coast Artillery Corps,
161st Infantry Regiment (United States) |
| Battles/wars | World War I |
|  | |


title: Morris Babyface

abstract: Marx Morris Twumasi, known as Morris Babyface or Morris D’Voice Lovit is a Ghanaian music producer, singer and songwriter who hails from the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Morris is known to have recorded most prominent artist in Ghana with the likes of Pat Thomas, Kojo Antwi, Obour, Ofori Amponsah, A. B. Crentstil, Kontihene, Okomfoo Kwadee, Esther Smith, Nana Ama, Obrafour, Lord Kenya etc.

text:
# Morris Babyface

**Marx Morris Twumasi** (born 21 January 1980), known as **Morris Babyface** or **Morris D’Voice Lovit** is a Ghanaian music producer, singer and songwriter who hails from the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Morris is known to have recorded most prominent artist in Ghana with the likes of Pat Thomas, Kojo Antwi, Obour, Ofori Amponsah, A. B. Crentstil, Kontihene, Okomfoo Kwadee, Esther Smith, Nana Ama, Obrafour, Lord Kenya etc.

## Life and career

Morris Babyface was born to the native palm-wine guitarist Kofi Twumasi of the Koo Nimo and his Adadammu fame. He is the senior brother of another legendary Ghanaian producer and Musician Roro Buddy whom he introduced into production, He has won the Ghana Music Awards' Best sound engineer twice and he is revered as one of the best keyboardist in Ghana.


title: MoonRay

abstract: MoonRay is an open source renderer developed by DreamWorks Animation. It is continuously under active development, boasting an extensive library of production-tested, physically based materials. It features an Universal Scene Description (USD) Hydra render delegate and supports multi-machine and cloud rendering through the Arras distributed computation framework.

text:
# MoonRay

**MoonRay** is an open source renderer developed by DreamWorks Animation. It is continuously under active development, boasting an extensive library of production-tested, physically based materials. It features an Universal Scene Description (USD) Hydra render delegate and supports multi-machine and cloud rendering through the Arras distributed computation framework.

## History

MoonRay was first used on the short film *Bilby* (2018), and made its feature debut on *How to Train Your Dragon: The Hidden World* (2019). DreamWorks Animation announced their intention to open source the renderer at SIGGRAPH 2022. The source code was officially made to the public released on GitHub on March 15, 2023 under the Apache 2.0 License.

## Filmography

### Feature films

### Short films

Official website

## InfoBox

MoonRay
|
|  |
| Initial release | March 15, 2023 (2023-03-15) |
| Repository | github.com/dreamworksanimation/openmoonray |
| Written in | C++17 |
| Operating system | Linux, macOS |
| License | Apache-2.0 |
| Website | openmoonray.org |


title: MoonEdit

abstract: MoonEdit was a collaborative real-time text editor. It was released for Linux, Windows and FreeBSD. While the concept of real-time collaborative editing was famously demonstrated in 1968, MoonEdit was one of the first software products to fully implement it. The software used code from Ken Silverman's BUILD game engine, and employed client-side prediction to reduce the effect of latency. Up to 14 participants could edit simultaneously, each having independent cursor positions updated in real time. Text added by each participant was highlighted a different color. Users could connect to a public server or set up their own dedicated server. MoonEdit servers listened on port 32123 by default. MoonEdit featured infinite undo history that could be browsed using a time-slider and replay button. MoonEdit was originally written by Tom Dobrowolski under the name Multi-Editoro, while he was a student at Gdańsk University of Technology, in 2003. It could be downloaded for free for non-commercial use, but an announced commercial “PRO” version never appeared. Interest may have been lost due to the appearance of several web-based real-time editing platforms, starting with Writely, around 2006. While the software is no longer developed, many other text editors have adopted its feature set, including Atom and Visual Studio Code.

text:
# MoonEdit

**MoonEdit** was a collaborative real-time text editor. It was released for Linux, Windows and FreeBSD. While the concept of real-time collaborative editing was famously demonstrated in 1968, MoonEdit was one of the first software products to fully implement it.

The software used code from Ken Silverman's BUILD game engine, and employed client-side prediction to reduce the effect of latency. Up to 14 participants could edit simultaneously, each having independent cursor positions updated in real time. Text added by each participant was highlighted a different color. Users could connect to a public server or set up their own dedicated server. MoonEdit servers listened on port 32123 by default. MoonEdit featured infinite undo history that could be browsed using a time-slider and replay button.

MoonEdit was originally written by Tom Dobrowolski under the name *Multi-Editoro*, while he was a student at Gdańsk University of Technology, in 2003. It could be downloaded for free for non-commercial use, but an announced commercial “PRO” version never appeared. Interest may have been lost due to the appearance of several web-based real-time editing platforms, starting with *Writely* (now *Google Docs*), around 2006. While the software is no longer developed, many other text editors have adopted its feature set, including *Atom* (using the *Teletype* extension) and *Visual Studio Code* (using the *Live Share* extension).

1. *Tom Dobrowolski programming*, archived from the original on 2009-04-29
2. First would be *Instant Update* from ON Technology in 1991, then *SubEthaEdit* around the same time as *MoonEdit*, ~2003-2005.
3. See the ting-wiki.
4. Adler, A., Nash, J.C., Noël, S. (2006), Evaluating and implementing a collaborative office document system. Interacting with Computers, 18 (4), 665-682
5. "Ken Silverman's Official Home Page". *advsys.net*. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
6. *MoonEdit PRO*, archived from the original on 2016-11-27
7. "Engadget is part of the Yahoo family of brands". *consent.yahoo.com*. Retrieved 2023-01-25.
8. "Live Share for VS Code". Retrieved 2022-02-26.
9. "Teletype for Atom". Retrieved 2022-02-26.

## InfoBox

MoonEdit
| Original author(s) | Tom Dobrowolski |
| --- | --- |
| Initial release | 2003 (2003) (as *Multi-Editoro*) |
|  | |
| Stable release | 1.14.1s / January 28, 2005 (2005-01-28) |
|  | |
| Written in |  |
| Operating system | Linux, Windows and FreeBSD |
| Available in | English, Polish |
| Type | Collaborative real-time editor |
| Website | moonedit.com at the Wayback Machine (archived 27 November 2016) |


title: MoonRun

abstract: MoonRun is a type of specialized virtual training indoor aerobic exercise equipment. It was invented by Jonathan Hoffman, a physical therapist. MoonRun is suspended from a door, wall hook, or beam, similar to other sling-training exercise devices like the TRX System. It uses motion sensors and an elastic system to provide various body training, including running, jumping and turning, in a virtual environment.

text:
# MoonRun

**MoonRun** is a type of specialized virtual training indoor aerobic exercise equipment. It was invented by Jonathan Hoffman, a physical therapist. MoonRun is suspended from a door, wall hook, or beam, similar to other sling-training exercise devices like the TRX System. It uses motion sensors and an elastic system to provide various body training, including running, jumping and turning, in a virtual environment.

## Overview

MoonRun is a type of suspension training system which trains the body to develop aerobic capacity, core stability, flexibility, balance, and strength. It uses motion sensors and an elastic system, and is designed to provide high-intensity yet low-impact physical training. The equipment enables natural physical movements such as running, walking, sprinting, jumping, turning, and squatting in a virtual training environment.

MoonRun can be used by professional athletes for performance enhancement, and also by people who are unable to exercise because of physical injury or lack of fitness. Developers can also create new virtual training exercise worlds for users to add to the functionality of the equipment.

## History

MoonRun was invented in 2016 by Jonathan Hoffman, an Australian-educated physiotherapist and human movement researcher from Tel Aviv, Israel. He founded MoonRun when he wanted to develop a novel aerobic suspension trainer for indoor exercise.

Hoffman also invented CoreAlign, an exercise training tool used by athletes such as Cristiano Ronaldo.

## InfoBox

MoonRun
| Genre | Fitness |
| --- | --- |
| Founder | Jonathan Hoffman |
| Headquarters | Tel Aviv, Israel |
| Products | MoonRun |
| Website | www.moonrun.com |


title: Morire di classe

abstract: Morire di classe. La condizione manicomiale fotografata da Carla Cerati e Gianni Berengo Gardin, first published in 1969, is a polemical work about the conditions in Italian mental hospitals of the time, edited by Franco Basaglia and Franca Ongaro Basaglia and with black and white photographs by Carla Cerati and Gianni Berengo Gardin, an introduction by the Basaglias, and various other texts.

text:
# Morire di classe

***Morire di classe. La condizione manicomiale fotografata da Carla Cerati e Gianni Berengo Gardin***, first published in 1969, is a polemical work about the conditions in Italian mental hospitals of the time, edited by Franco Basaglia and Franca Ongaro Basaglia and with black and white photographs by Carla Cerati and Gianni Berengo Gardin, an introduction by the Basaglias, and various other texts.

## Background

In the 1960s, the psychiatrist Franco Basaglia was the director of a mental hospital in Gorizia. Although expected to run it along traditional, prisonlike lines, Basaglia, his wife Franca Ongaro Basaglia and their team instead reduced the constraints on the patients, so that by 1967 the locks were removed from all of the wards, in line with the ideals of democratic psychiatry. Basaglia wrote about this in a popular book published in 1968, **L'istituzione negata. Rapporto da un ospedale psichiatrico** (The institution denied: Report from a psychiatric hospital); and the changes he was making became more widely known via a television documentary, **I giardini di Abele** (The gardens of Abel), made by Sergio Zavoli in 1968 and first transmitted in 1969.

## Photography

In the account of the photographer Gianni Berengo Gardin, in 1968, Franco Basaglia asked the photographer Carla Cerati to document the conditions in Italian mental asylums for a magazine. Nervous about this, Cerati asked Berengo Gardin to accompany her; he agreed on condition that he too would take photographs, and he later persuaded Basaglia to turn the work into a book. In the account of the historian John Foot, there is no mention of a magazine, and an early plan for the book called for photographs by both Cerati and Berengo Gardin, both of whom were already known to Basaglia. In the latter account the institutions shown in the book were not to be limited to mental hospitals.

Cerati and Berengo Gardin photographed in four hospitals: at Gorizia (Basaglia's own mental hospital), Colorno (near Parma), Florence and Ferrara. The photographers' degree of freedom varied considerably: they were only once able to enter the Florence asylum (where they were not welcomed by the management), but were very free to work in Gorizia.

Their photography was under other constraints. Although Berengo Gardin photographed meetings among patients at Gorizia, and scenes where Basaglia was present, these were omitted from the book: Basaglia wanted to avoid the impression of paternalism, and Foot charges that the photographs of Gorizia avoid its current state (unusually liberated for the time) and merely depict its repressive past, as a plank in an overtly polemical work.

Before publication of the book, and with the encouragement of the politician Mario Tommasini, an exhibition titled **La violenza istituzionalizzata** was arranged in Parma (later moving to Florence); this was the first public showing of many of the photographs that would later appear in **Morire di classe**.

Photographs that would later appear in the book were also used within the film **I giardini di Abele**, for other books, and leaflets.

## Text

The book has an introduction by the Basaglias, and also texts by Erving Goffman, Michel Foucault, Paul Nizan, Luigi Pirandello, Primo Levi, Louis Le Guillant and Lucien Bonnafé, Jonathan Swift, Rainer Maria Rilke, Frantz Fanon, Peter Weiss and others.

Foot points out how both the introduction and the text reproduced employ the notion, whether created by Goffman or popularized by him, of the total institution, important in Goffman's 1961 book *Asylums*, whose Italian translation had been published in 1968. An asylum was totalitarian (Goffman and Foucault), it "colonized" the inmates (Fanon), or it reduced them to the "hollow" people of concentration camps (Levi).

## Book design

The photobook **Morire di classe. La condizione manicomiale fotografata da Carla Cerati e Gianni Berengo Gardin** (Dying because of your class: The condition of asylums photographed by Carla Cerati and Gianni Berengo Gardin) was published by Einaudi in May 1969. Largely edited by Franco Basaglia and the staff of its publisher, Einaudi, the book has a lilac cover and a design that owes much to advertising practice of the time:

> Here, the images and photos themselves took centre stage. This was a design object, a political and sociological photobook, a book to be looked at (or looked away from) as much as read. As well as attempting to revolutionize mental health care, the Basaglias (along with Giulio Bollati, who worked for the Turinese publisher Einaudi) were also attempting to transform the world of books and political campaigning. The appearance of **Morire di Classe** was a memorable moment in the history of the movement, and also in the history of publishing.

Although the photographers are named on the title page, individual photographs are unattributed. Likewise, the book does not say which images are from which asylum. None of those taken in Ferrara are used in this book. Certain photographs, or minor variations of them, are repeated, for a somewhat cinematic effect. For rhetorical effect, there are also photographs not taken in mental hospitals: Foot cites a photograph of a policeman seemingly about to hit a demonstrator or the photographer, and:

> \[a\] shot of rich young people lounging around in a party, with a marble table and expensive paintings on the walls above them, \[that\] is placed opposite a series of bodies/patients from an asylum, sprawled on the ground and all in uniform. One is in a strait jacket.

## Photographic significance

The historian David Forgacs has identified **Morire di classe** as one of three major artistic works to come out of the Italian movement in the late 1960s to reform psychiatric care, the other two being the 1969 book edited by Basaglia, **L'istituzione negata** and the 1969 television documentary **I giardini di Abele; Morire di classe** was "in effect the photographic supplement to \[these two\]."

Although psychiatric patients had long been the subject of photography for classificatory or other purposes, **Morire di classe** has been called "the first book ever published worldwide to show the cruelties perpetrated against psychiatric patients". Certainly it was a very early one, though Luciano D'Alessandro's *Gli esclusi*, made in southern Italy with the cooperation of Sergio Piro, was also published in 1969.

*Morire di classe* was published after **I giardini di Abele** was first shown. The latter was one of a series of documentaries titled *TV7* whose average viewing figure for 1969 was 11 million. It was an early example of an Italian documentary about a total institution, but not the earliest.

Martin Parr and Gerry Badger describe **Morire di classe** as a "harrowing portrayal of the conditions in an Italian mental asylum", and in the tradition of earlier "polemical photo-documentary books" combining photography and text such as *An American Exodus* (1939) by Dorothea Lange and Paul S. Taylor and **Kan vi være dette Bekendt?** (1946) by Karl Roos.

The book raises an issue of photojournalistic ethics. Parr and Badger comment:

> \[O\]ne must be wary of bodies of work featuring mental patients. In cases where those photographed do not know or care what is happening to them, there is a fine line between revelation and exploitation, between compassion and prurient excitement. That line is not crossed here.

> \[T\]he book was an important plank in the eventually successful campaign waged by Franco Basaglia to have the kind of institution shown in Carla Cerati and Gianni Berengo Gardin's photographs closed down.

Asked for a career retrospective to pick the one book among the many he had produced that he would like to be known two hundred years into the future, Berengo Gardin was unable to decide among *Italiani*, a book on rice cultivation, and *Morire di classe*.

## Social impact

The book has been widely cited as a factor toward the reform of mental hospitals in Italy (and subsequently in other countries) via law 180 (the "Basaglia law") of 1978. Foot quotes both photographers saying as much, and quotes or cites a number of Italian sources agreeing. Here are two examples from the literature about Berengo Gardin:

> *Morire di classe* \[...\] was perhaps the most effective means by which \[the Basaglias\] led their campaign against the hypocrisy of the institutions, and prejudices and platitudes that separated the mentally ill from the rest of society. Once again, a few images proved to be more eloquent and effective than thousands of words.

> *Morire di classe* was to prove fundamental in the process that would lead to the passing, in 1978, of Law 180 (or the Basaglia Reform) and the consequent closure of the country's lunatic asylums.

However, Foot points out that although the book and the timing of its publication would be compatible with the claim for it as being a major factor, the claim that it caused change would be much harder to support. Foot says that "there is no evidence at all for many of the claims that are made about **Morire di Classe**"*.*

But whatever its influence,

> **Morire di Classe** became a manifesto for Basaglia and the doctors who rejected institutional psychiatry: in that photographic book, photography acted as an interpretation of a social and scientific event but, most of all, it acted as a testimony, as communicative evidence of the horrifying conditions of mental hospitals and the need to abolish them.

## Subsequent editions

First published in 1969, the book was reprinted in the 1970s. In 2008 it was given a new edition, identical but for the addition of texts by the sociologist of politics Maria Grazia Giannichedda and the journalist and photographer Claudio Ernè, as well as an editorial note.

The photographs also appear in *Per non dimenticare: 1968. La realtà manicomiale di "Morire di classe"* (1998).

A larger selection of the photographs by Berengo Gardin (although not those by Cerati) appear in *Manicomi: psichiatria e antipsichiatria nelle immagini degli anni settanta* (2015).

1. Foot, John (2015). "Photography and radical psychiatry in Italy in the 1960s. The case of the photobook *Morire di Classe* (1969)". *History of Psychiatry*. **26** (1): 19–35. doi:10.1177/0957154X14550136. PMC 4361699. PMID 25698683.
2. "The books: Interview by Floriana Pagano"; in *Gianni Berengo Gardin* (Rome: Contrasto, 2005; ISBN 88-89032-72-3), pp. 421–431.
3. Forgacs, David (2014). *Italy's Margins: Social Exclusion and Nation Formation since 1861*. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 200. ISBN 978-1-107-05217-8.
4. Manzoli, Federica (2004). "Images of madness: The end of mental hospitals illustrated through photographs". *Journal of Science Communication*. **3** (2): 1–7. doi:10.22323/2.03020203.
5. "Gianni Berengo Gardin, the Italian Henri Cartier-Bresson". *Fotografia*. 16 June 2013. Archived from the original on 26 June 2014.
6. Foot, John (2014). "Television documentary, history and memory. An analysis of Sergio Zavoli's *The Gardens of Abel*". *Journal of Modern Italian Studies*. **19** (5): 603–624. doi:10.1080/1354571X.2014.962258. PMC 4408445. PMID 25937804.
7. Parr, Martin; Badger, Gerry (2006). *The Photobook: A History, vol 2*. London: Phaidon. p. 246. ISBN 978-0-7148-4433-6.
8. Fusina, Sandro (2005). "Against". In Koch, Roberto; Mauro, Alessandra (eds.). *Gianni Berengo Gardin*. Rome: Contrasto. p. 195. ISBN 978-88-89032-72-5.
9. Curti, Denis (2013). "Stories of a Photographer". In Curti, Denis (ed.). *Gianni Berengo Gardin: Stories of a Photographer*. Venice: Marsilio. ISBN 978-88-317-1501-0. No page number.
10. "*Morire di Classe* ristampa anastatica a cura di Duemilauno Agenzia Sociale Archived 2019-08-04 at the Wayback Machine", News Forum Salute Mentale, 11 October 2009. Retrieved 13 February 2016.


title: Morten Michael Kallevig (1842–1936)

abstract: Morten Michael Kallevig was a Norwegian businessperson and politician. He was born in Arendal as a son of consul Emil Kallevig (1807–1889) and Margaretha Dedekam (1809–1883). In 1868 he married Wilhelmine Petrea Franziska Skrike, from Copenhagen. They had the sons Adolf Skrike Kallevig, Julius Skrike Kallevig and Johannes Kallevig who all became businessmen. Morten Michael Kallevig spent his career as owner of the company Salve Kallevig & Søn, founded by his great-grandfather Salve Johannessøn Kallevig in 1792 and expanded by his grandfather Morten Michael Kallevig. He also owned Tangen farm, the reperbahn Tangen Reperbane and Arendals Tobaksfabrik and was vice consul for the United Kingdom for about fifty years from 1872. This consul position had been inherited from father to son since the early 1800s. Kallevig was also Danish consul until 1907. He was a board member of Agdesidens Bank, Arendals Sjøforsikringsselskab, Arendals Dampskibsselskab and Nordisk Defence Club, and member of Arendal city council. He was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav and the Order of Vasa, and a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog.

text:
# Morten Michael Kallevig (1842–1936)

**Morten Michael Kallevig** (16 April 1842 – 1936) was a Norwegian businessperson and politician.

He was born in Arendal as a son of consul Emil Kallevig (1807–1889) and Margaretha Dedekam (1809–1883). In 1868 he married Wilhelmine Petrea Franziska Skrike, from Copenhagen. They had the sons Adolf Skrike Kallevig, Julius Skrike Kallevig and Johannes Kallevig who all became businessmen.

Morten Michael Kallevig spent his career as owner of the company Salve Kallevig & Søn, founded by his great-grandfather Salve Johannessøn Kallevig in 1792 and expanded by his grandfather Morten Michael Kallevig. He also owned Tangen farm, the reperbahn Tangen Reperbane and Arendals Tobaksfabrik and was vice consul for the United Kingdom for about fifty years from 1872. This consul position had been inherited from father to son since the early 1800s. Kallevig was also Danish consul until 1907.

He was a board member of Agdesidens Bank, Arendals Sjøforsikringsselskab, Arendals Dampskibsselskab and Nordisk Defence Club, and member of Arendal city council. He was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav and the Order of Vasa, and a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog.


title: Morten Nielsen (footballer, born 1971)

abstract: Morten Nielsen is a retired Danish football defender.

text:
# Morten Nielsen (footballer, born 1971)

**Morten Nielsen** (born 14 April 1971) is a retired Danish football defender.

## Honours

**Copenhagen**

## InfoBox

Morten Nielsen
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1971-04-14) 14 April 1971 | | |
| Place of birth | Kalundborg | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1991–1994 | Lyngby FC |  |  |
| 1994–1997 | FC København |  |  |
| 1998–2000 | RC Strasbourg |  |  |
| 2000–2002 | EA Guingamp |  |  |
| 2004–2007 | Holbæk B&I |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


abstract: Morley and Rothwell was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

text:
# Morley and Rothwell (UK Parliament constituency)

53°44′56″N 1°36′07″W / 53.749°N 1.602°W / 53.749; -1.602

**Morley and Rothwell** was a parliamentary constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

## History

This constituency was created in 1997 and abolished in 2010. It was held for the entire period of its existence by the Labour Party.

## Boundaries

The City of Leeds wards of Middleton, Morley North, Morley South, and Rothwell.

The constituency covered the West Yorkshire towns of Morley and Rothwell, the villages that surround the towns, and the old pit village of Middleton.

### Boundary review

Following their review of parliamentary representation in West Yorkshire, the Boundary Commission for England created a number of modified constituencies as a consequence of a falling population.

A new constituency of Elmet and Rothwell was created to move Rothwell from this seat. The successor seat to Morley and Rothwell is Morley and Outwood, which attached wards from Wakefield to the Morley area. Middleton was transferred to the Leeds Central seat.

## Members of Parliament

| Election | | Member | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 1997 | John Gunnell | Labour |
|  | 2001 | Colin Challen | Labour |
|  | 2010 | *Constituency abolished: see Morley and Outwood,
Elmet and Rothwell and Leeds Central* | |

## Elections

### Elections of the 1990s

General election 1997: Morley and Rothwell
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **John Gunnell** | **26,836** | **58.5** |  |
|  | Conservative | Alan Barraclough | 12,086 | 26.3 |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Mitchell Galdas | 5,087 | 11.1 |  |
|  | Referendum | David Mitchell-Innes | 1,359 | 3.0 |  |
|  | BNP | Roger Wood | 381 | 0.8 |  |
|  | ProLife Alliance | Pat Sammon | 148 | 0.3 |  |
| Majority | | | 14,750 | 32.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 45,897 | 67.1 |  |
|  | Labour **win** (new seat) | | | | |

### Elections of the 2000s

General election 2001: Morley and Rothwell
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Colin Challen** | **21,919** | **57.0** | **1.5** |
|  | Conservative | David Schofield | 9,829 | 25.6 | 0.7 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Stewart Golton | 5,446 | 14.2 | +3.1 |
|  | UKIP | John Bardsley | 1,248 | 3.2 | *New* |
| Majority | | | 12,090 | 31.4 | −0.8 |
| Turnout | | | 38,442 | 53.5 | 13.6 |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

General election 2005: Morley and Rothwell
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Labour** | **Colin Challen** | **20,570** | **48.4** | **8.6** |
|  | Conservative | Nick Vineall | 8,227 | 19.4 | 6.2 |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Stewart Golton | 6,819 | 16.0 | +1.8 |
|  | Independent | Robert Finnigan | 4,608 | 10.8 | *New* |
|  | BNP | Chris Beverley | 2,271 | 5.3 | *New* |
| Majority | | | 12,343 | 29.0 | −2.4 |
| Turnout | | | 42,495 | 58.8 | +5.3 |
|  | Labour **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

## Notes and references

## InfoBox

| Morley and Rothwell | |
| --- | --- |
| Former borough constituency
for the House of Commons | |
| Boundary of Morley and Rothwell in West Yorkshire for the 2005 general election | |
| Location of West Yorkshire within England | |
| County | West Yorkshire |
| Major settlements | Morley, Rothwell, Middleton |
| 19972010 | |
| Seats | One |
| Created from | Morley and Leeds South |
| Replaced by | Elmet and Rothwell, Morley and Outwood, Leeds Central |


title: Mordellistena sparsa

abstract: Mordellistena sparsa is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Champion in 1891.

text:
# Mordellistena sparsa

***Mordellistena sparsa*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordellistena* of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Champion in 1891.

## InfoBox

| *Mordellistena sparsa* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordellistena* |
| Species: | ***M. sparsa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordellistena sparsa***<br>Champion, 1891 | |
|


title: Mordellistena rugipennis

abstract: Mordellistena rugipennis is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Friedrich Julius Schilsky in 1895.

text:
# Mordellistena rugipennis

***Mordellistena rugipennis*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordellistena* of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Friedrich Julius Schilsky in 1895.

## InfoBox

| *Mordellistena rugipennis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordellistena* |
| Species: | ***M. rugipennis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordellistena rugipennis***<br>Schilsky, 1895 | |
|


abstract: List of NRHP-registered historic places in Lubbock County, Texas This list is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Lubbock County, Texas. There are four districts and 15 individual properties including one National Historic Landmark in the county. Three properties are also Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks.           This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.

text:
# National Register of Historic Places listings in Lubbock County, Texas

**List of NRHP-registered historic places in Lubbock County, Texas**

This list is intended to be a complete list of properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places in Lubbock County, Texas. There are four districts and 15 individual properties including one National Historic Landmark in the county. Three properties are also Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks.

*This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted October 4, 2024.*

## Current listings

The publicly disclosed locations of National Register properties and districts may be seen in a mapping service provided.

|  | Name on the Register | Image | Date listed | Location | City or town | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Warren and Myrta Bacon House |  | July 15, 1982
(#82004512) | 1802 Broadway
33°35′06″N 101°51′23″W / 33.585°N 101.856389°W / 33.585; -101.856389 (Warren and Myrta Bacon House) | Lubbock | Recorded Texas Historic Landmark |
| 2 | Cactus Theater |  | May 8, 1998
(#98000447) | 1812 Buddy Holly Ave.
33°34′42″N 101°50′39″W / 33.578333°N 101.844167°W / 33.578333; -101.844167 (Cactus Theater) | Lubbock |  |
| 3 | Canyon Lakes Archeological District |  | March 26, 1976
(#76002049) | Address restricted
 | Lubbock |  |
| 4 | Carlock Building |  | July 28, 2004
(#04000767) | 1001-1013 13th St.
33°35′00″N 101°50′45″W / 33.583333°N 101.845833°W / 33.583333; -101.845833 (Carlock Building) | Lubbock |  |
| 5 | Fort Worth and Denver South Plains Railway Depot |  | July 26, 1990
(#90001120) | 1801 Ave. G
33°34′43″N 101°50′32″W / 33.578611°N 101.842222°W / 33.578611; -101.842222 (Fort Worth and Denver South Plains Railway Depot) | Lubbock |  |
| 6 | Great Plains Life Insurance Company Building |  | March 17, 2021
(#100006318) | 1220 Broadway
33°35′05″N 101°50′56″W / 33.5848°N 101.8488°W / 33.5848; -101.8488 (Great Plains Life Insurance Company Building) | Lubbock | AKA Metro Tower or NTS Tower. |
| 7 | Holden Properties Historic District |  | May 29, 1998
(#98000602) | 3103, 3105, 3105A, 3105B, 3107, 3109, and 3111 20th St.
33°34′34″N 101°52′56″W / 33.576111°N 101.882222°W / 33.576111; -101.882222 (Holden Properties Historic District) | Lubbock |  |
| 8 | William Curry and Olive Price Holden House |  | August 5, 1994
(#94000834) | 3109 20th St.
33°34′34″N 101°52′54″W / 33.576111°N 101.881667°W / 33.576111; -101.881667 (William Curry and Olive Price Holden House) | Lubbock | Part of Holden Properties Historic District |
| 9 | In Town Inn |  | September 1, 2022
(#100008171) | 1212 Main St.
33°35′08″N 101°50′54″W / 33.5856°N 101.8482°W / 33.5856; -101.8482 (In Town Inn) | Lubbock |  |
| 10 | Kress Building |  | October 2, 1992
(#92001305) | 1109 Broadway
33°35′05″N 101°50′50″W / 33.584722°N 101.847268°W / 33.584722; -101.847268 (Kress Building) | Lubbock |  |
| 11 | Lubbock County Jail |  | February 13, 2018
(#100002130) | 811 Main St.
33°35′08″N 101°50′38″W / 33.585541°N 101.843783°W / 33.585541; -101.843783 (Lubbock County Jail) | Lubbock |  |
| 12 | Lubbock High School |  | May 1, 1985
(#85000924) | 2004 19th St.
33°34′41″N 101°51′35″W / 33.578056°N 101.859722°W / 33.578056; -101.859722 (Lubbock High School) | Lubbock | Recorded Texas Historic Landmark |
| 13 | Lubbock Lake Site |  | June 21, 1971
(#71000948) | Landmark Dr off US 84
33°37′19″N 101°53′23″W / 33.621944°N 101.889722°W / 33.621944; -101.889722 (Lubbock Lake Site) | Lubbock |  |
| 14 | Lubbock Post Office and Federal Building |  | February 17, 1995
(#95000101) | 800 Broadway
33°35′06″N 101°50′35″W / 33.585°N 101.843056°W / 33.585; -101.843056 (Lubbock Post Office and Federal Building) | Lubbock |  |
| 15 | Fred and Annie Snyder House |  | January 28, 1992
(#91002019) | 2701 19th St.
33°34′38″N 101°52′30″W / 33.577222°N 101.875°W / 33.577222; -101.875 (Fred and Annie Snyder House) | Lubbock |  |
| 16 | South Overton Residential Historic District |  | March 14, 1996
(#96000276) | Roughly bounded by Broadway, Ave. Q., 19th St. and University Ave.
33°34′51″N 101°51′47″W / 33.580833°N 101.863056°W / 33.580833; -101.863056 (South Overton Residential Historic District) | Lubbock |  |
| 17 | Texas Technological College Dairy Barn |  | April 2, 1992
(#92000336) | Texas Tech University campus
33°34′53″N 101°52′40″W / 33.581389°N 101.877778°W / 33.581389; -101.877778 (Texas Technological College Dairy Barn) | Lubbock | Recorded Texas Historic Landmark; part of Texas Technological College Historic District |
| 18 | Texas Technological College Historic District |  | May 10, 1996
(#96000523) | Roughly bounded by 6th St., University Ave., 19th St., and Flint St.
33°35′02″N 101°52′28″W / 33.583889°N 101.874444°W / 33.583889; -101.874444 (Texas Technological College Historic District) | Lubbock |  |
| 19 | Tubbs-Carlisle House |  | November 2, 1990
(#90001719) | 602 Fulton Ave.
33°35′23″N 101°56′35″W / 33.589722°N 101.943056°W / 33.589722; -101.943056 (Tubbs-Carlisle House) | Lubbock | Recorded Texas Historic Landmark |

Media related to National Register of Historic Places in Lubbock County, Texas at Wikimedia Commons


title: Mayéyé District

abstract: Mayéyé is a district in the Lékoumou Department of Republic of the Congo.

text:
# Mayéyé District

**Mayéyé** is a district in the Lékoumou Department of Republic of the Congo.

## InfoBox

| Mayéyé | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| Country | Republic of the Congo |
| Region | Lékoumou Department |
| Area | |
| Total | 482 sq mi (1,249 km2) |
| Population (2023 census) | |
| Total | 13,239 |
| Density | 27/sq mi (11/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (GMT +1) |


title: Mohawk Building

abstract: The Mohawk Building is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

text:
# Mohawk Building

The **Mohawk Building** is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Mohawk Building | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| Portland Historic Landmark | |
|  | |
| The Mohawk Building in 2017 | |
|  | |
| Location | 708–724 SW 3rd Avenue<br>Portland, Oregon |
| Coordinates | 45°31′05″N 122°40′31″W / 45.51793°N 122.67537°W / 45.51793; -122.67537 |
| Built | 1903 |
| Architect | Whidden & Lewis |
| Architectural style | Colonial Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 96001002 |
| Added to NRHP | September 12, 1996 |


title: Mohawk Corner, Missouri

abstract: Mohawk Corner is an unincorporated community in northeast Polk County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is at the intersection of Missouri Routes 64 and D. Pittsburg and the Pomme de Terre Lake area are five miles to the north on Route 64 in Hickory County. Polk is two miles to the south on Route D.

text:
# Mohawk Corner, Missouri

**Mohawk Corner** (also called **Mohawk**) is an unincorporated community in northeast Polk County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The community is at the intersection of Missouri Routes 64 and . Pittsburg and the Pomme de Terre Lake area are five miles to the north on Route 64 in Hickory County. Polk is two miles to the south on Route D.

## History

A post office called Mohawk was established in 1899, and remained in operation until 1916 by the McMillian-Exneras family. The community takes its name from Mohawk, Tennessee, the native home of a share of the early settlers who harvested goats.

37°45′28″N 93°18′20″W / 37.75778°N 93.30556°W / 37.75778; -93.30556


title: 1966–67 DDR-Oberliga

abstract: The 1966–67 DDR-Oberliga was the 18th season of the DDR-Oberliga, the first tier of league football in East Germany. The league was contested by fourteen teams. FC Karl-Marx-Stadt won the championship, the club's sole national East German championship, being a separate club from SC Wismut Karl-Marx-Stadt, a club that won three championships in the 1950s. Hartmut Rentzsch of BSG Motor Zwickau was the league's top scorer with 17 goals, while Dieter Erler of FC Karl-Marx-Stadt won the seasons East German Footballer of the year award. On the strength of the 1966–67 title Karl-Marx-Stadt qualified for the 1967–68 European Cup where the club was knocked out by R.S.C. Anderlecht in the first round. Third-placed club BSG Motor Zwickau qualified for the 1967–68 European Cup Winners' Cup as the seasons FDGB-Pokal winner and was knocked out by FC Torpedo Moscow in the first round. Second-placed 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig qualified for the 1967–68 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup where it was knocked out in the second round by FK Vojvodina while fourth-placed Dynamo Dresden was knocked out by Rangers F.C. in the first round.

text:
# 1966–67 DDR-Oberliga

The **1966–67 DDR-Oberliga** was the 18th season of the DDR-Oberliga, the first tier of league football in East Germany.

The league was contested by fourteen teams. FC Karl-Marx-Stadt won the championship, the club's sole national East German championship, being a separate club from SC Wismut Karl-Marx-Stadt, a club that won three championships in the 1950s.

Hartmut Rentzsch of BSG Motor Zwickau was the league's top scorer with 17 goals, while Dieter Erler of FC Karl-Marx-Stadt won the seasons East German Footballer of the year award.

On the strength of the 1966–67 title Karl-Marx-Stadt qualified for the 1967–68 European Cup where the club was knocked out by R.S.C. Anderlecht in the first round. Third-placed club BSG Motor Zwickau qualified for the 1967–68 European Cup Winners' Cup as the seasons FDGB-Pokal winner and was knocked out by FC Torpedo Moscow in the first round. Second-placed 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig qualified for the 1967–68 Inter-Cities Fairs Cup where it was knocked out in the second round by FK Vojvodina while fourth-placed Dynamo Dresden was knocked out by Rangers F.C. in the first round.

## Table

The 1966–67 season saw two newly promoted clubs, 1. FC Union Berlin and BSG Wismut Gera.

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | FC Karl-Marx-Stadt (C) | 26 | 14 | 9 | 3 | 39 | 23 | +16 | 37 | Qualification to European Cup first round |
| 2 | 1. FC Lokomotive Leipzig | 26 | 14 | 2 | 10 | 39 | 32 | +7 | 30 | Qualification to Inter-Cities Fairs Cup first round |
| 3 | BSG Motor Zwickau | 26 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 41 | 26 | +15 | 27 | Qualification to Cup Winners' Cup first round |
| 4 | SG Dynamo Dresden | 26 | 11 | 5 | 10 | 35 | 31 | +4 | 27 | Qualification to Inter-Cities Fairs Cup first round |
| 5 | FC Carl Zeiss Jena | 26 | 11 | 5 | 10 | 31 | 29 | +2 | 27 |  |
| 6 | 1. FC Union Berlin | 26 | 9 | 9 | 8 | 33 | 35 | 2 | | 27 |
| 7 | BSG Lokomotive Stendal | 26 | 11 | 5 | 10 | 39 | 44 | 5 | | 27 |
| 8 | FC Vorwärts Berlin | 26 | 10 | 6 | 10 | 43 | 34 | +9 | | 26 |
| 9 | BSG Wismut Aue | 26 | 11 | 4 | 11 | 45 | 43 | +2 | | 26 |
| 10 | F.C. Hansa Rostock | 26 | 9 | 8 | 9 | 27 | 27 | 0 | | 26 |
| 11 | Hallescher FC Chemie | 26 | 11 | 4 | 11 | 38 | 41 | 3 | | 26 |
| 12 | BSG Chemie Leipzig | 26 | 9 | 7 | 10 | 35 | 38 | 3 | | 25 |
| 13 | Berliner FC Dynamo (R) | 26 | 6 | 9 | 11 | 28 | 40 | 12 | 21 | Relegation to DDR-Liga |
| 14 | BSG Wismut Gera (R) | 26 | 4 | 4 | 18 | 27 | 57 | 30 | | 12 |

Source:
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated

## Results

| Home \ Away | BFC | CZJ | CHM | DRE | HFC | HRO | KMS | LLE | LST | ZWI | UNI | VBE | AUE | WGE |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| BFC Dynamo |  | 3–1 | 2–1 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 1–1 | 0–3 | 2–2 | 0–2 | 1–2 | 1–1 | 4–3 | 2–1 |
| Carl Zeiss Jena | 1–3 |  | 2–0 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 1–0 | 0–0 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 1–0 | 5–0 | 2–1 | 0–1 | 1–1 |
| Chemie Leipzig | 1–1 | 2–3 |  | 2–0 | 1–0 | 3–3 | 2–1 | 0–2 | 3–0 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 3–2 | 3–1 |
| Dynamo Dresden | 2–0 | 1–0 | 3–2 |  | 2–1 | 0–0 | 0–1 | 0–1 | 3–0 | 0–0 | 1–1 | 0–3 | 6–1 | 6–1 |
| Hallescher FC Chemie | 1–2 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 1–2 |  | 2–1 | 0–0 | 3–0 | 2–2 | 0–4 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 5–2 | 2–0 |
| Hansa Rostock | 0–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 1–0 | 4–2 |  | 0–1 | 1–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–1 | 2–1 | 2–0 |
| Karl-Marx-Stadt | 1–0 | 2–2 | 1–1 | 4–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 |  | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–1 | 2–2 | 3–2 | 1–0 | 2–1 |
| Lokomotive Leipzig | 3–0 | 3–1 | 3–0 | 2–1 | 2–0 | 1–0 | 0–2 |  | 3–1 | 1–0 | 0–3 | 4–2 | 2–1 | 4–2 |
| Lokomotive Stendal | 2–0 | 1–0 | 4–1 | 2–0 | 0–2 | 1–0 | 2–0 | 2–2 |  | 1–0 | 2–2 | 3–2 | 2–1 | 5–0 |
| Motor Zwickau | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–3 | 1–1 | 4–0 | 0–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 6–2 |  | 5–0 | 2–1 | 2–1 | 3–1 |
| Union Berlin | 3–0 | 1–1 | 0–3 | 2–2 | 0–0 | 3–0 | 1–2 | 1–0 | 3–1 | 3–0 |  | 0–0 | 0–3 | 1–0 |
| Vorwärts Berlin | 1–1 | 0–1 | 0–0 | 0–1 | 5–1 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 2–0 | 3–0 | 0–0 | 1–0 |  | 2–2 | 5–1 |
| Wismut Aue | 1–1 | 0–1 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 4–3 | 1–0 | 2–2 | 3–0 | 2–0 | 2–2 | 2–1 | 3–0 |  | 0–1 |
| Wismut Gera | 2–2 | 1–2 | 0–0 | 3–0 | 0–2 | 2–3 | 0–0 | 2–1 | 1–2 | 1–0 | 0–1 | 3–4 | 2–4 |  |

Source:
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

### Sources

* "Das war unser Fußball im Osten" \[This was our football in the East\]. *Fußball-Woche (fuwo)* (in German). Berlin: Axel-Springer-Verlag. 1991.

## InfoBox

DDR-Oberliga
| Season | 1966–67 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | FC Karl-Marx-Stadt |
| Relegated |  |
| European Cup | FC Karl-Marx-Stadt |
| European Cup Winners' Cup | BSG Motor Zwickau |
| Inter-Cities Fairs Cup |  |
| Matches played | 182 |
| Goals scored | 500 (2.75 per match) |
| Top goalscorer | Hartmut Rentzsch (17) |
| Total attendance | 1,832,000 |
| Average attendance | 10,066 |
| 1965–66 1967–68 | |


title: Magical Love

abstract: Magical Love is a Taiwanese television series. It stars the members of Taiwanese girl-group S.H.E, Lan Cheng-lung and Janet Li. It is a romance drama with 20 episodes.

text:
# Magical Love

***Magical Love*** (Chinese: 愛情大魔咒; pinyin: Ai Qing Da Mo Zhou) is a Taiwanese television series. It stars the members of Taiwanese girl-group S.H.E, Lan Cheng-lung and Janet Li. It is a romance drama with 20 episodes.

## Synopsis

Yaoqi, Zhu Liye and Hu ShaSha are Dreaming Cheer squad. They are also the trio-star-chaser. In the cab where Zhu LiYe, Yao qi and Hu ShaSha ride in, they chase all the way to the vans driven by stars. Directed by YaoQi, the tacit three girls show their bands and posters, shout out their worship to their idol. They never care about the dangers of bumping the cars driven by stars....

## Cast

## InfoBox

| *Magical Love* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Romance<br>Comedy |
| Opening theme | "Remember" by S.H.E |
| Ending theme | "Belief" by S.H.E |
| Country of origin | Taiwan |
| Original language | Mandarin |
| No. of episodes | 20 |
| Production | |
| Running time | 60 minutes (with advertising) |
| Original release | |
| Network | TTV |
| Release | 23 January 2002 (2002-01-23) |


title: Ministry of Hydrocarbons

abstract: The Ministry of Hydrocarbons (MoH) is a ministry of the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is responsible for the exploration, production, refining, distribution, marketing, import, export, and conservation of petroleum, natural gas, petroleum products, and liquefied natural gas in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It also oversees the safety and other regulations that relate to the exportation and importation of the products into the country. As part of its activities, the department manages the upstream, middle stream and downstream in the Congo. The Ministry is headed by the cabinet Minister Aime Ngoy Mukena, as well as a secretary general who is in charge of administrative duties and procedures relating to the ministry.

text:
# Ministry of Hydrocarbons

The **Ministry of Hydrocarbons** (**MoH**) is a ministry of the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It is responsible for the exploration, production, refining, distribution, marketing, import, export, and conservation of petroleum, natural gas, petroleum products, and liquefied natural gas in the Democratic Republic of Congo. It also oversees the safety and other regulations that relate to the exportation and importation of the products into the country. As part of its activities, the department manages the upstream, middle stream and downstream in the Congo.

The Ministry is headed by the cabinet Minister Aime Ngoy Mukena, as well as a secretary general who is in charge of administrative duties and procedures relating to the ministry.

## Areas of work allocated to the Ministry

* Managing the exploration and exploitation of petroleum resources, including natural gas.
* Overseeing the production, supply distribution, marketing and pricing of petroleum including natural gas and petroleum products.
* Oil refineries.
* Planning, development and control of, and assistance to all industries dealt with by the Ministry.
* Planning and elaboration of oil policies, regulatory and legal framework of petroleum and gas.
* All attached or subordinate offices or other organisations concerned with any of the subject specified in this list.
* Planning, development and regulation of oilfield services.

## Cabinet Ministers

## InfoBox

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Ministry of Hydrocarbons
| Department overview | |
| --- | --- |
| Jurisdiction | Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| Headquarters | Kinshasa |
| Minister responsible |  |
| Website | www.hydrocarbures.gouv.cd |


title: West of Scotland District (rugby union)

abstract: West of Scotland District is a select provincial amateur rugby union team that draws its players from the West of Scotland. Founded in 1876, the West of Scotland District team - and its corresponding East of Scotland District team - was created, thus halving Scotland's representative rugby union area in two. This was meant as an impetus to include players from beyond the original Glasgow District and Edinburgh District catchment areas. The West of Scotland District versus the East of Scotland District became the de facto trial match for the Scotland international team. It survives today, but only for age-grade.

text:
# West of Scotland District (rugby union)

**West of Scotland District** is a select provincial amateur rugby union team that draws its players from the West of Scotland.

Founded in 1876, the West of Scotland District team - and its corresponding East of Scotland District team - was created, thus halving Scotland's representative rugby union area in two.

This was meant as an impetus to include players from beyond the original Glasgow District and Edinburgh District catchment areas.

The West of Scotland District versus the East of Scotland District became the de facto trial match for the Scotland international team.

It survives today, but only for age-grade.

## History

### Formation

To include other players when selecting the international team, the East v West District match was introduced by the Scottish Rugby Union in the 1875-76 season.

The match was first played on 28 February 1876.

On the advent of the East v West match, the Inter-City match between Glasgow District and Edinburgh District - previously a twice annual match - was cut down to one fixture per year.

### Trial matches

The East v West match was used as the premier Trial match for the Scotland international side. Although intended to increase representation from outwith Glasgow and Edinburgh, as this was the premier trial match both Glasgow and Edinburgh players were eligible for selection for their corresponding West and East sides.

Another Trial match, a Blues v Whites match was introduced in the 1877-88 season. The Blues v Whites match evolved into a 'Probables' v 'Possibles' match for Scotland selection.

The East v West match remained the premier Trial match for Scotland until the late 1920s. It was at this stage that the Blues v Whites match overtook it in importance. The introduction of the Scotland Probables versus the Scotland Possibles trial match diminished the need for the East of Scotland District versus West of Scotland District again, and it continued in the 1930s as a junior trial match. 'Junior' matches were not age-related, but matches based on teams outwith the Scottish Unofficial Championship.

### Age-grade format

The East v West match continued in its same format till 1948. It then switched to an age-grade format and was used for selecting the best Under 23 players for Scotland.

### Hiatus

When the Scottish Inter-District Championship began its own grade tournament, the East v West matches were curtailed.

### Resurrection

The West of Scotland District and East of Scotland District representative sides have recently been resurrected at age-grade levels. These matches are now used as trial matches to identify candidates for the Scottish Rugby Academy and potential Glasgow Warriors, Edinburgh Rugby and Scotland stars of the future.

## Partial list of games played against international opposition

| Year | Date | Opponent | Venue | Result | Score | Tour |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1905 | 22 November | New Zealand | Hampden Park, Glasgow | Loss | 0-22 | 1905-06 New Zealand tour |

## Notable former players

### Scotland Internationalists

|  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |

## InfoBox

West of Scotland
| Full name | West of Scotland District |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1876 |


abstract: West of Scotland was one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament that were created in 1999. Nine of the Parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies were sub-divisions of the region and it elected seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elected a total of 16 MSPs. The West of Scotland region shared boundaries with the Central Scotland, Glasgow, Highlands and Islands, and Mid Scotland and Fife regions. Following the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries it was eventually replaced by the West Scotland region.

text:
# West of Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)

**West of Scotland** was one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament that were created in 1999. Nine of the Parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies were sub-divisions of the region and it elected seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elected a total of 16 MSPs.

The West of Scotland region shared boundaries with the Central Scotland, Glasgow, Highlands and Islands, and Mid Scotland and Fife regions.

Following the First Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries it was eventually replaced by the West Scotland region.

## Constituencies and local government areas

In terms of first past the post constituencies the region covered:

| Map | Constituency |
| --- | --- |
|  | 1. Clydebank and Milngavie
covers the eastern portion of the West Dunbartonshire council area and a western portion of the East Dunbartonshire council area. 2. Cunninghame North
covers a north-western portion of the North Ayrshire council area. 3. Dumbarton
covers a western portion of the West Dunbartonshire council area and a south-eastern portion of the Argyll and Bute council area. 4. Eastwood
covers the East Renfrewshire council area. 5. Greenock and Inverclyde
covers a western portion of the Inverclyde council area. 6. Paisley North
covers an eastern portion of the Renfrewshire council area. 7. Paisley South
covers a south eastern portion of the Renfrewshire council area. 8. Strathkelvin and Bearsden
covers the majority of the East Dunbartonshire council area. 9. West Renfrewshire
covers a western portion of the Renfrewshire council area and an eastern portion of the Inverclyde council area. |

The constituencies were created in 1999 with the names and boundaries of Westminster constituencies, as existing at that time. Scottish Westminster constituencies were mostly replaced with new constituencies in 2005.

In terms of local government areas the region covered:

### Boundary changes

The Boundary Commission recommended changes to the electoral regions used to elect "list" members of the Scottish Parliament. The "West Scotland" region consists of the constituencies of Clydebank and Milngavie; Cunninghame North; Cunninghame South; Dumbarton; Eastwood; Greenock and Inverclyde; Paisley; Renfrewshire North and West; Renfrewshire South; and Starthkelvin and Bearsden. These were newly formed constituencies.

## Members of the Scottish Parliament

### Constituency MSPs

| Term | Election | Strathkelvin and Bearsden | | Clydebank and Milngavie | | Dumbarton | | Eastwood | | Paisley South | | Paisley North | | West Renfrewshire | | Greenock and Iverclyde | | Cunninghame North | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1st | 1999 |  | Sam Galbraith
(Labour) |  | Des McNulty
(Labour) |  | Jackie Baillie
(Labour) |  | Kenneth Macintosh
(Labour) |  | Hugh Henry
(Labour) |  | Wendy Alexander
(Labour) |  | Trish Godman
(Labour) |  | Duncan McNeil
(Labour) |  | Allan Wilson
(Labour) |
| | | | Brian Fitzpatrick
(Labour) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2nd | 2003 |  | Jean Turner
Independent | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3rd | 2007 |  | David Whitton
(Labour) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |  | Kenneth Gibson
(SNP) |
|

### Regional List MSPs

N.B. This table is for presentation purposes only

| Parliament | MSP | | MSP | | MSP | | MSP | | MSP | | MSP | | MSP | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1st
(1999–2003) |  | Colin Campbell
(SNP) |  | Kay Ullrich
(SNP) |  | Lloyd Quinan
(SNP) |  | Fiona McLeod
(SNP) |  | Ross Finnie
(Lib Dem) |  | Annabel Goldie
(Conservative) |  | John Young
(Conservative) |
| 2nd
(2003–07) | | Stewart Maxwell
(SNP) | | Campbell Martin
(SNP) | | Bruce McFee
(SNP) |  | Frances Curran
(Socialist) | | | | | | Murray Tosh
(Conservative) |
| 3rd
(2007–11) | | Stuart McMillan
(SNP) | | Bill Wilson
(SNP) | |  | Gil Paterson
(SNP) | Jackson Carlaw
(Conservative) | | | | | |
|

## Election results

### 2007 Scottish Parliament election

In the 2007 Scottish Parliament election the region elected MSPs as follows:

#### Constituency results

| 2007 Scottish Parliament election: West of Scotland | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Constituency | | Elected member | Result |
|  | Clydebank and Milngavie | Des McNulty | Labour **hold** |
|  | Cunninghame North | Kenneth Gibson | SNP **gain** from Labour |
|  | Dumbarton | Jackie Baillie | Labour **hold** |
|  | Eastwood | Kenneth Macintosh | Labour **hold** |
|  | Greenock and Inverclyde | Duncan McNeil | Labour **hold** |
|  | Paisley North | Wendy Alexander | Labour **hold** |
|  | Paisley South | Hugh Henry | Labour **hold** |
|  | Strathkelvin and Bearsden | David Whitton | Labour **gain** from Independent |
|  | West Renfrewshire | Patricia Godman | Labour **hold** |

#### Additional member results

| 2007 Scottish Parliament election: West of Scotland | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Elected candidates | Seats | +/− | Votes | % | +/−% |
|  | Labour |  | 0 | 0 | 91,725 | 34.2% | -1.6% |
|  | SNP | Stewart Maxwell
Gil Paterson
Bill Wilson
Stuart McMillan | 4 | +1 | 75,953 | 28.3% | +8.7% |
|  | Conservative | Annabel Goldie
Jackson Carlaw | 2 | ±0 | 40,637 | 15.2% | -0.5% |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Ross Finnie | 1 | ±0 | 22,515 | 8.4% | -3.9% |
|  | Scottish Green |  | 0 | 0 | 8,152 | 3.0% | -2.6% |
|  | Scottish Senior Citizens |  | 0 | 0 | 5,231 | 2.0% | -0.8% |
|  | Solidarity |  | 0 | 0 | 4,774 | 1.8% | N/A |
|  | Scottish Christian |  | 0 | 0 | 3,729 | 1.4% | N/A |
|  | BNP |  | 0 | 0 | 3,241 | 1.2% | N/A |
|  | CPA |  | 0 | 0 | 3,027 | 1.1% | N/A |
|  | Save NHS Group |  | 0 | 0 | 2,682 | 1.0% | N/A |
|  | Scottish Socialist |  | 0 | -1 | 1,716 | 0.6% | -6.6% |
|  | Socialist Labour |  | 0 | 0 | 1,557 | 0.6% | -0.6% |
|  | Scottish Unionist |  | 0 | 0 | 1,245 | 0.5% | -0.2% |
|  | UKIP |  | 0 | 0 | 888 | 0.3% | -0.3% |
|  | Scottish Voice |  | 0 | 0 | 522 | 0.2% | N/A |
|  | Scottish Jacobite Party |  | 0 | 0 | 446 | 0.2% | N/A |
|  | Socialist Equality |  | 0 | 0 | 139 | 0.0% | N/A |

### 2003 Scottish Parliament election

In the 2003 Scottish Parliament election the region elected MSPs as follows:

#### Constituency results

| 2003 Scottish Parliament election: West of Scotland | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Constituency | | Elected member | Result |
|  | Clydebank and Milngavie | Des McNulty | Labour |
|  | Cunninghame North | Allan Wilson | Labour |
|  | Dumbarton | Jackie Baillie | Labour |
|  | Eastwood | Kenneth Macintosh | Labour |
|  | Greenock and Inverclyde | Duncan McNeil | Labour |
|  | Paisley North | Wendy Alexander | Labour |
|  | Paisley South | Hugh Henry | Labour |
|  | Strathkelvin and Bearsden | Jean Turner | Independent |
|  | West Renfrewshire | Patricia Godman | Labour |

#### Additional member results

| 2003 Scottish Parliament election: West of Scotland | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Elected candidates | Seats | +/− | Votes | % | +/−% |
|  | Labour |  | 0 | 0 | 83,931 | 32.6% | -5.9% |
|  | SNP | Campbell Martin
Bruce McFee
Stewart Maxwell | 3 | −1 | 50,387 | 19.6% | -6.3% |
|  | Conservative | Annabel Goldie
Murray Tosh | 2 | ±0 | 40,261 | 15.7% |  |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Ross Finnie | 1 | ±0 | 31,580 | 12.3% | +1.3% |
|  | Scottish Socialist | Frances Curran | 1 | +1 | 18,591 | 7.2% | +5.3% |
|  | Scottish Green |  | 0 | 0 | 14,544 | 5.7% | +3.1% |
|  | Scottish Senior Citizens |  | 0 | 0 | 7,100 | 2.8% | N/A |
|  | ProLife Party |  | 0 | 0 | 3,674 | 1.40% | N/A |
|  | Socialist Labour |  | 0 | 0 | 3,155 | 1.2% | -0.2% |
|  | UKIP |  | 0 | 0 | 1,662 | 0.6% | N/A |
|  | Scottish Unionist |  | 0 | 0 | 1,617 | 0.6% |  |
|  | Scottish People's |  | 0 | 0 | 674 | 0.3% | N/A |

### 1999 Scottish Parliament election

In the 1999 Scottish Parliament election the region elected MSPs as follows:

#### Constituency results

| 1999 Scottish Parliament election: West of Scotland | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Constituency | | Elected member | Result |
|  | Clydebank and Milngavie | Des McNulty | Scottish Labour Party **win** (new seat) |
|  | Cunninghame North | Allan Wilson | Scottish Labour Party **win** (new seat) |
|  | Dumbarton | Jackie Baillie | Scottish Labour Party **win** (new seat) |
|  | Eastwood | Kenneth Macintosh | Scottish Labour Party **win** (new seat) |
|  | Greenock and Inverclyde | Duncan McNeil | Scottish Labour Party **win** (new seat) |
|  | Paisley North | Wendy Alexander | Scottish Labour Party **win** (new seat) |
|  | Paisley South | Hugh Henry | Scottish Labour Party **win** (new seat) |
|  | Strathkelvin and Bearsden | Sam Galbraith | Scottish Labour Party **win** (new seat) |
|  | West Renfrewshire | Patricia Godman | Scottish Labour Party **win** (new seat) |

**Changes:**

#### Additional member results

| 1999 Scottish Parliament election: West of Scotland | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Elected candidates | Seats | +/− | Votes | % | +/−% |
|  | Labour |  | 0 | N/A | 119,663 | 38.5% | N/A |
|  | SNP | Colin Campbell
Kay Ullrich
Lloyd Quinan
Fiona McLeod | 4 | N/A | 80,417 | 25.9% | N/A |
|  | Conservative | Annabel Goldie
John Young | 2 | N/A | 48,666 | 15.7% | N/A |
|  | Liberal Democrats | Ross Finnie | 1 | N/A | 34,095 | 11.0% | N/A |
|  | Scottish Green |  | 0 | N/A | 8,174 | 2.6% | N/A |
|  | Scottish Socialist |  | 0 | N/A | 5,944 | 1.9% | N/A |
|  | Socialist Labour |  | 0 | N/A | 4,472 | 1.4% | N/A |
|  | ProLife Alliance |  | 0 | N/A | 3,227 | 1.0% | N/A |
|  | Independent |  | 0 | N/A | 2,761 | 0.9% | N/A |
|  | Scottish Unionist |  | 0 | N/A | 1,840 | 0.6% | N/A |
|  | Natural Law Party |  | 0 | N/A | 589 | 0.2% | N/A |
|  | Independent |  | 0 | N/A | 565 | 0.2% | N/A |

## Footnotes

1. See *The 5th Periodical Report of the Boundary Commission for Scotland*
2. "Scottish Parliament election: West of Scotland". *BBC News*. Retrieved 10 September 2016.

## InfoBox

| West of Scotland | |
| --- | --- |
| Former electoral region
for the Scottish Parliament | |
| West of Scotland shown within Scotland | |
| Former electoral region | |
| Created | 1999 |
| Abolished | 2011 |
| Council areas | Argyll and Bute (part)
East Dunbartonshire (part)
East Renfrewshire
Inverclyde
North Ayrshire (part)
Renfrewshire (part)
West Dunbartonshire |
| Constituencies | Clydebank and Milngavie
Cunninghame North
Dumbarton
Eastwood
Greenock and Inverclyde
Paisley North
Paisley South
Strathkelvin and Bearsden
West Renfrewshire |


title: Western Addiction

abstract: Western Addiction is an American punk rock band based in San Francisco, California, United States. The band was formed by four veterans of the punk scene. Some of the members previously worked for Fat Wreck Chords. They have toured internationally in both the USA, Europe, and Japan.

text:
# Western Addiction

**Western Addiction** is an American punk rock band based in San Francisco, California, United States. The band was formed by four veterans of the punk scene. Some of the members previously worked for Fat Wreck Chords. They have toured internationally in both the USA, Europe, and Japan.

## Members

* Jason Hall - Vocals
* Ken Yamazaki - Guitar
* Mitch Paglia - Bass
* Chad Williams - Drums

## Past members

* Sam Johnson - Bass/Vocals
* Tyson "Chicken" Annicharico - Bass/Vocals
* Tony Teixeira - Guitar

## Discography

### Albums

### EPs & 7"s

* *New Mexican Disaster Squad/Western Addiction Split* (2004)
* *Remember to Dismember* (2003)
* *Pines* (2013)
* *I'm Not the Man That I Thought I'd Be* (2015)

## Trivia

## InfoBox

| Western Addiction | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | San Francisco, California, United States |
| Genres | Hardcore punk, punk rock, melodic hardcore |
| Years active | 20032006, 2013-current. |
| Labels | Fat Wreck Chords, No Idea |
|  | |
| Members | Jason Hall
Ken Yamazaki
Chad Williams
Mitch Paglia |
|  | |
| Past members | Sam Johnson
Tyson "Chicken" Annicharico
Tony Teixeira |


title: Mir-384 microRNA precursor family

abstract: In molecular biology mir-384 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.

text:
# Mir-384 microRNA precursor family

In molecular biology **mir-384 microRNA** is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms.

## Further reading

* Gillen AE, Gosalia N, Leir SH, Harris A (August 2011). "MicroRNA regulation of expression of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator gene". *The Biochemical Journal*. **438** (1): 25–32. doi:10.1042/BJ20110672. PMC 4323381. PMID 21689072.
* Wang P, Fu T, Wang X, Zhu W (June 2010). "\[Primary, study of miRNA expression patterns in laryngeal carcinoma by microarray\]". *Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi = Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Head, and Neck Surgery*. **24** (12): 535–8. PMID 20806854.
* Sudbery I, Enright AJ, Fraser AG, Dunham I (March 2010). "Systematic analysis of off-target effects in an RNAi screen reveals microRNAs affecting sensitivity to TRAIL-induced apoptosis". *BMC Genomics*. **11**: 175. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-11-175. PMC 2996961. PMID 20230625.
* He X, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Pan X (September 2007). "Cloning and identification of novel microRNAs from rat hippocampus". *Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica*. **39** (9): 708–14. doi:10.1111/j.1745-7270.2007.00324.x. PMID 17805466.

## InfoBox

| mir-384 | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | mir-384 |
| Rfam | RF00841 |
| miRBase family | MIPF0000289 |
| Other data | |
| RNA type | microRNA |
| Domain(s) | *Eukaryota;* |
| PDB structures | PDBe |


title: Weston Martyr

abstract: Joseph Weston Martyr, was a pioneer British ocean yachtsman, writer and broadcaster, who was influential in the creation of the Fastnet race after participating in similar races in Bermuda in 1924 Martyr's varied adult life started when he went to sea at the age of 15 to serve on square-riggers and then steamers. He then worked as a miner in South Africa, a labour recruiter in China for Rand Mines and in the merchant and steamship business in Japan. He also spent time trading in the South Seas and banking in Formosa (Taiwan), and also acted as consul in Shimonoseki. After serving with the Royal Engineers during the First World War in France, he returned to the Pacific, and then ran a steamship business in New York. In 1922 he finished his wandering and turned to writing. His first book, The Southseaman (1926) describes the design and building of yacht in the fishing port of Shelburne, Nova Scotia. The latter chapters chronicle a voyage to Bermuda and the eventual employment of the vessel in the rum-running trade. The book became a classic of the voyaging genre and was re-published and reprinted several times. Many of his stories were published in Blackwood's Magazine and heard on BBC Radio. The £200 Pound Millionaire (1931) explains how to live cheaply on a yacht, and a follow-up essay, Five Hundred Pound Millionaires (1957) describes how to do the same on canals and inland waterways. Inspired by the Bermuda Race, he helped create the Fastnet Race in 1925. Weston Martyr was also a keen archer, writing about his hobby for Blackwood's and other publications. His wife Nora shared the hobby, in 1938 becoming the World Champion.

text:
# Weston Martyr

**Joseph Weston Martyr** (1885 – 27 March 1966), was a pioneer British ocean yachtsman, writer and broadcaster, who was influential in the creation of the Fastnet race after participating in similar races in Bermuda in 1924

Martyr's varied adult life started when he went to sea at the age of 15 to serve on square-riggers and then steamers. He then worked as a miner in South Africa, a labour recruiter in China for Rand Mines and in the merchant and steamship business in Japan. He also spent time trading in the South Seas and banking in Formosa (Taiwan), and also acted as consul in Shimonoseki.

After serving with the Royal Engineers during the First World War in France, he returned to the Pacific, and then ran a steamship business in New York. In 1922 he finished his wandering and turned to writing. His first book, *The Southseaman* (1926) describes the design and building of yacht in the fishing port of Shelburne, Nova Scotia ("Sheldon" in text). The latter chapters chronicle a voyage to Bermuda and the eventual employment of the vessel in the rum-running trade. The book became a classic of the voyaging genre and was re-published and reprinted several times.

Many of his stories were published in *Blackwood's Magazine* and heard on BBC Radio. The *£200 Pound Millionaire* (1931) explains how to live cheaply on a yacht, and a follow-up essay, *Five Hundred Pound Millionaires* (1957) describes how to do the same on canals and inland waterways.

Inspired by the Bermuda Race, he helped create the Fastnet Race in 1925.

Weston Martyr was also a keen archer, writing about his hobby for *Blackwood's* and other publications. His wife Nora shared the hobby, in 1938 becoming the World Champion.

## Publications

* *The Southseaman: The Life Story of a Schooner*, 1926, William Blackwood and Sons; 1957, as *The Southseaman,* Rupert Hart-Davis (The Mariners Library); as *The Perfect Ship And How We Built Her* 1928, Ives Washburn
* *Not Without Heat and Dust*, 1929
* *The £200 millionaire*, 1931
* *A General Cargo*, 1934
* *Paradise Enow*, 1936
* *The Pipe Pushers and other stories*, 1938
* *The Wandering Years*, 1940

1. Wednesday, 30 March 1966, *The Times*
2. Thursday, 19 December 1957, *The Times*
3. The first Fastnet Race on the Fastnet website hosted by The Royal Ocean Racing Club
4. "In Praise of Archery": The Worker, 22 May 1950
5. Toxophilite: Blackwood's no. 1599


abstract: The Minister for Culture, Europe and International Development was a junior ministerial post in the Scottish Government. As a result, the minister did not attend the Scottish Cabinet. The minister supported the Cabinet Secretary for the Constitution, Europe and External Affairs, a full member of the cabinet. The final Minister was Kaukab Stewart from February-May 2024. The post was created in September 2012. The role was modified in February 2020 with migration moving to another post, before finally being abolished in May 2024 by John Swinney.

text:
# Minister for Culture, Europe and International Development

The **Minister for Culture, Europe and International Development** was a junior ministerial post in the Scottish Government. As a result, the minister did not attend the Scottish Cabinet. The minister supported the Cabinet Secretary for the Constitution, Europe and External Affairs, a full member of the cabinet. The final Minister was Kaukab Stewart from February-May 2024.

The post was created in September 2012. The role was modified in February 2020 with migration moving to another post, before finally being abolished in May 2024 by John Swinney.

## Overview

The specific responsibilities of the minister were:

* International development
* Post-Brexit Relations
* Cross government co-ordination on the European Union
* Fair trade
* Scottish diaspora

## History

In September 2012 the position of **Minister for External Affairs and International Development** was created; the name of the role changed a November 2014 reshuffle when Nicola Sturgeon became First Minister. It was changed again in May 2016, after the 2016 election, and again in June 2018. In May 2024, First Minister John Swinney abolished the role following the formation of his first government.

## List of office holders

The most recent Minister was Kaukab Stewart, who held the role from February to May 2024.

| Deputy Minister for Culture and Sport | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Name | | Portrait | Entered Office | Left Office | Party | First Minister |
|  | Rhona Brankin |  | 19 May 1999 | 1 November 2000 | Scottish Labour Party | Donald Dewar |
| Deputy Minister for Environment, Sport and Culture | | | | | | | Deputy Minister for Education, Europe and External Affairs | | | | | | |  | | | | | | |
| Name | | Portrait | Entered Office | Left Office | Party | First Minister | Name | | Portrait | Entered Office | Left Office | Party | First Minister |
|  | Allan Wilson |  | 1 November 2000 | 8 March 2001 | Scottish Labour Party | Henry McLeish |  | Nicol Stephen |  | 1 November 2000 | 28 November 2001 | Scottish Liberal Democrats | Henry McLeish |
| Deputy Minister for Sport, the Arts and Culture | | | | | | |
|  | Allan Wilson |  | 8 March 2001 | 28 November 2001 | Scottish Labour Party | Henry McLeish |
| Deputy Minister for Tourism, Culture and Sport | | | | | | |
|  | Elaine Murray |  | 28 November 2001 | 28 November 2002 | Labour Party | Jack McConnell |
| Minister for Europe, External Affairs and Culture | | | | | | |
|  | Linda Fabiani |  | 17 May 2007 | 10 February 2009 | Scottish National Party | Alex Salmond |
| Minister for Culture, External Affairs and the Constitution | | | | | | |
|  | Michael Russell |  | 10 February 2009 | 1 December 2009 | Scottish National Party | Alex Salmond |
| Minister for Culture and External Affairs | | | | | | |
|  | Fiona Hyslop |  | 1 December 2009 | 19 May 2011 | Scottish National Party | Alex Salmond |
| Minister for External Affairs and International Development | | | | | | |
|  | Humza Yousaf |  | 6 September 2012 | 21 November 2014 | Scottish National Party | Alex Salmond |
| Minister for Europe and International Development | | | | | | |
|  | Humza Yousaf |  | 21 November 2014 | 18 May 2016 | Scottish National Party | Nicola Sturgeon |
| Minister for International Development and Europe | | | | | | |
|  | Alasdair Allan |  | 18 May 2016 | 27 June 2018 | Scottish National Party | Nicola Sturgeon |
| Minister for Europe, Migration and International Development | | | | | | |
|  | Ben Macpherson |  | 27 June 2018 | 17 February 2020 | Scottish National Party | Nicola Sturgeon |
| Minister for Europe and International Development | | | | | | |
|  | Jenny Gilruth |  | 17 February 2020 | 24 January 2022 | Scottish National Party | Nicola Sturgeon |
| Minister for Culture, Europe and International Development | | | | | | |
|  | Neil Gray |  | 24 January 2022 | 29 March 2023 | Scottish National Party | Nicola Sturgeon |
|  | Christina McKelvie |  | 29 March 2023 | 8 February 2024 | Scottish National Party | Humza Yousaf |
|  | Kaukab Stewart |  | 12 February 2024 | 8 May 2024 | Scottish National Party | Humza Yousaf |


title: Minnie Reinhardt

abstract: Minnie Smith Reinhardt (1898–1986) was an American naïve painter, known for her memory paintings. Sometimes called the "Grandma Moses of Catawba County", Reinhardt grew up in the community of Jugtown, North Carolina, today called Vale. One of eleven children, she helped out on the family farm from an early age. She also attended school, where she was able to draw. Aged about eighteen, she took a position as a cook at Lenoir-Rhyne College in Hickory. There she performed numerous housekeeping duties; she also learned to sew, which she would do for people around the county. She also helped out in the fields, and raised the six children she had with Belton Reinhardt. The family home burned to the ground in 1932, and the family lived in the granary until a new home could be constructed. By 1974 Reinhardt's vision had become so reduced by cataracts that she was unable to distinguish shapes and colors. Surgery restored her sight, and the experience pushed her to begin painting once more, using oil paints given to her by her daughter Arie Taylor. As a painter she was entirely self-taught. Her works depict a variety of daily activities remembered from her youth. She painted daily at a small desk in front of a window in her home, and was extremely prolific before her death. Her husband made frames for many of her finished paintings. Reinhardt and her husband are buried in the cemetery of Corinth Baptist Church in Vale. Reinhardt was the subject of an exhibit at the Hickory Museum of Art in 1996. Today that museum owns numerous examples of her work, as well as the desk at which she painted. She is the subject of a catalog, Mine's My Style: The Paintings of Minnie Reinhardt, published in conjunction with the museum exhibition of her work.

text:
# Minnie Reinhardt

**Minnie Smith Reinhardt** (1898–1986) was an American naïve painter, known for her memory paintings.

Sometimes called the "Grandma Moses of Catawba County", Reinhardt grew up in the community of Jugtown, North Carolina, today called Vale. One of eleven children, she helped out on the family farm from an early age. She also attended school, where she was able to draw. Aged about eighteen, she took a position as a cook at Lenoir-Rhyne College in Hickory. There she performed numerous housekeeping duties; she also learned to sew, which she would do for people around the county. She also helped out in the fields, and raised the six children she had with Belton Reinhardt. The family home burned to the ground in 1932, and the family lived in the granary until a new home could be constructed.

By 1974 Reinhardt's vision had become so reduced by cataracts that she was unable to distinguish shapes and colors. Surgery restored her sight, and the experience pushed her to begin painting once more, using oil paints given to her by her daughter Arie Taylor. As a painter she was entirely self-taught. Her works depict a variety of daily activities remembered from her youth. She painted daily at a small desk in front of a window in her home, and was extremely prolific before her death. Her husband made frames for many of her finished paintings. Reinhardt and her husband are buried in the cemetery of Corinth Baptist Church in Vale.

Reinhardt was the subject of an exhibit at the Hickory Museum of Art in 1996. Today that museum owns numerous examples of her work, as well as the desk at which she painted. She is the subject of a catalog, *Mine's My Style: The Paintings of Minnie Reinhardt*, published in conjunction with the museum exhibition of her work.


title: Mirror Buzz

abstract: Mirror Buzz is a weekly supplement being distributed with the Mumbai tabloid Mumbai Mirror every Saturday. It has been in circulation since August 2005. It is owned by The Times Group and is published by Sam Dastoor.

text:
# Mirror Buzz

***Mirror Buzz*** is a weekly supplement being distributed with the Mumbai tabloid *Mumbai Mirror* every Saturday. It has been in circulation since August 2005. It is owned by The Times Group and is published by Sam Dastoor.

## Components and format

*Mirror Buzz* comes in a magazine form and is 12" X 9" in dimensions. It "tries to capture the spirit of Mumbai". The supplement contains 30 to 32 pages and is fully coloured. The pages are glossy, though not of magazine quality. Regular features include "Numero-Logic", "Reviews", "Around Town", "Food", "Interiors", "Travel" and "Quick Take". Also included is a small "Letters to the Editor" section. Apart from the regular features, there are special articles on varied subjects and a cover story.

* The "Reviews" section contain a number of reviews of books, music and DVDs.
* The "Numero Logic" section in *Mirror Buzz* is a section on numerological predictions for the week by numerologists Sanjay Jumaani and Jhernna Jumaani. The predictions are provided for the nine planets indicating the nine numbers of the Birthdate of a person. The section also has a sub-section called "Reader Query" where queries by readers are answered in detail by the numerologist team.
* "Around Town" is a section where a common Mumbaikar is given the chance to review a restaurant in Mumbai. It is reviewed against such parameters as ambience, cost, food, service, etc. Generally, the amateur reviewer is accompanied by a professional food critic of the magazine.
* The section on "Food" is a two-page feature which contains a few recipes on a single theme. It also contains a small sub-section on food by restaurateur Móshe Shek and his own recipe.
* The "Travel" section covers tourism, especially those from outside India. Various regions like Cambodia, Sicily and Greece have been covered in this feature.
* In "Quick Take", which is at the last page of the issue, a celebrity is asked a few brief questions and is required to answer them briefly. There is also a small sub-section called "Freudian Snip", where a single word is given to the celebrity and they have to reply with another single word.
* The "Interiors" feature covers home décor, furnishings, interior designing, etc.

## Controversies

*Mirror Buzz* has courted some controversy since it was launched in 2005. The 12–18 November 2005 issue of *Mirror Buzz* contained a cover story called "Mercury Rising: How Hot Is Mumbai?", which explored the sexual trends of the city. However, this did not go down well with some culture protectors and activists and six NGOs subsequently filed a complaint against the publisher of the magazine. On 15 November 2005, the publisher of *Mirror Buzz*, Sam Dastoor was arrested on charges of "sale of obscene material" and "sale of obscene objects to young persons", before being released on bail. The publisher was also slapped with the Young Persons (Harmful Publications Act). The police alleged that the pictures of the two pairs of models published in the magazine were obscene and should not have been circulated in public. The police also added that the magazine featured nine pictures of nude and semi-nude couples in various stages of undress and making out. Surprisingly, *The Times of India*, the parent newspaper of *Mirror Buzz* did not give much space to the news, while rival newspapers such as *Indian Express* and *Daily News and Analysis* were quick to have a say against the activists and their ways to impose their value systems on the media.

In February 2006, the supplement was stuck in another controversy. This time, the Buzz drew the ire of Mumbai's Muslim community. Muslim protestors agitated against the supplement and the newspaper and staged a *Rail-Roko* at Mumbai Central railway station. They were protesting against a photograph in Mirror Buzz showing the back of a woman tattooed with Koranic verses.

Inline General * Mumbai Mirror, Nov.11-17, 2006

## InfoBox

Mirror Buzz
| Type | Supplement Magazine |
| --- | --- |
| Owner(s) | The Times Group |
| Launched | August 2005 |
| Sister newspapers | Mumbai Mirror |
| Website | Official Website |
| Free online archives | Online Version Of Buzz |


title: Westerwolde (region)

abstract: Westerwolde is a region in the province Groningen in the north of the Netherlands. The region is located in the most eastern part of the Netherlands, alongside the German border. It is situated around the rivers Mussel Aa, Ruiten Aa, and Westerwoldse Aa, and it contains the villages Bellingwolde, Blijham, Onstwedde, Sellingen, Ter Apel, Vlagtwedde, Vriescheloo, and Wedde. The people in Westerwolde speak Dutch and the West Low German dialect Westerwolds. Historically, the region is one of the Ommelanden, which are the regions around the city of Groningen.

text:
# Westerwolde (region)

**Westerwolde** (Dutch pronunciation: \[ˌʋɛstərˈʋɔldə\]) is a region in the province Groningen in the north of the Netherlands. The region is located in the most eastern part of the Netherlands, alongside the German border. It is situated around the rivers Mussel Aa, Ruiten Aa, and Westerwoldse Aa, and it contains the villages Bellingwolde, Blijham, Onstwedde, Sellingen, Ter Apel, Vlagtwedde, Vriescheloo, and Wedde. The people in Westerwolde speak Dutch and the West Low German dialect *Westerwolds*.

Historically, the region is one of the Ommelanden, which are the regions around the city of Groningen.

## InfoBox

| Westerwolde | |
| --- | --- |
| Region | |
| The river Ruiten Aa | |
| Location of Westerwolde (green) in Groningen (dark grey) in the Netherlands (light grey) | |
| Coordinates: 53°1′N 7°6′E / 53.017°N 7.100°E / 53.017; 7.100 | |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Province | Groningen |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Whale Horse

abstract: Whale|Horse is a rock/post-punk band from Chicago.

text:
# Whale Horse

**Whale|Horse** is a rock/post-punk band from Chicago.

## Formation

After their earlier band The Honor System went on hiatus, Tyler Wiseman and Dan Hanaway began work on a new project with assistance from Pines drummer Jason Kyrouac and The Ghost's former bassist, Jordan Schalich. This resulted in some live performances and a few demos in early 2005.

Schalich and Kyrouac left to pursue other interests, but the return of The Honor System bassist Chris Carr and the introduction of ex-Sweep the Leg Johnny drummer Scott Anna kept the project alive.

## *Count the Electric Sheep*

The new line-up went into the studio and after reworking old demos and recording some new tracks, had a debut release. *Count the Electric Sheep*, a six-song EP self-produced by Carr at Blackbox Recording, Chicago, was released in late 2006.

Stylistically, Whale|Horse's material bears some resemblance to the later work of the Honor System, but with an emphasis on more enigmatic lyrics, tense songwriting, irregular timings and the further evolution of Dan Hanaway's vocals, more powerful still and now utilising vibrato.

Despite being self-produced, the EP's production is of a high standard.  With it, Whale|Horse have drawn a wide variety of comparisons from Joy Division and Interpol to The Buzzcocks.

## Ratasucia

Dan Hanaway and Chris Carr performed together in a new band called Ratasucia, which released their debut album, White Noise Pollution, on Asian Man Records in 2011.

## InfoBox

| Whale|Horse | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Chicago, Illinois, United States |
| Genres | Rock, post-punk |
| Years active | 2005-present |
| Labels | self-released |
|  | |
| Members | Dan Hanaway
Tyler Wiseman
Chris Carr
Scott Anna |
|  | |
| Past members | Jason Kyrouac
Jordan Schalich |
|  | |
| Website | http://www.myspace.com/whalehorse |