title: Iván Darío González

abstract: Iván Darío González González is a Colombian middle- and long-distance runner. He won a gold medal in the 10,000 metres at the 2018 South American Games. He represented Colombia at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Iván Darío González

**Iván Darío González González** (born 14 August 1987) is a Colombian middle- and long-distance runner. He won a gold medal in the 10,000 metres at the 2018 South American Games.

He represented Colombia at the 2020 Summer Olympics.

## International competitions

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Colombia | | | | | |
| 2011 | South American Championships | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 6th | 1500 m | 3:48.90 |
| | Central American and Caribbean Championships | Mayagüez, Puerto Rico | 6th | 1500 m | 3:48.47 |
| | | 5th | 5000 m | 14:36.21 |
| 2012 | Ibero-American Championships | Barquisimeto, Venezuela | 13th | 1500 m | 3:56.88 |
| | | | 5th | 3000 m | 8:17.41 |
| 2014 | Ibero-American Championships | São Paulo, Brazil | 7th | 1500 m | 3:47.91 |
| | | | 8th | 3000 m | 8:12.51 |
| | Central American and Caribbean Games | Xalapa, Mexico | 2nd | 5000 m | 14:25.16 |
| | | 3rd | 10,000 m | 29:41.31 |
| 2015 | South American Championships | Lima, Peru | 9th | 5000 m | 14:20.04 |
| 2016 | Ibero-American Championships | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | 6th | 3000 m | 8:08.39 |
| | | | 9th | 5000 m | 14:50.36 |
| 2017 | South American Championships | Asunción, Paraguay | 3rd | 5000 m | 14:15.76 |
| | | |  | 10,000 m | DNF |
| | Bolivarian Games | Santa Marta, Colombia | 7th | 5000 m | 14:22.67 |
| 2018 | South American Games | Cochabamba, Bolivia | 5th | 5000 m | 15:14.69 |
| | | | 1st | 10,000 m | 30:25.10 |
| | Central American and Caribbean Games | Barranquilla, Colombia | 4th | 5000 m | 14:12.96 |
| | | 3rd | 10,000 m | 30:15.23 |
| 2019 | South American Championships | Lima, Peru | 5th | 5000 m | 13:59.31 |
| | Pan American Games | Lima, Peru | 12th | 5000 m | 14:10.82 |
| | | 7th | 10,000 m | 28:39.15 |
| 2021 | Olympic Games | Sapporo, Japan |  | Marathon | DNF |
| 2023 | Central American and Caribbean Games | San Salvador, El Salvador | 2nd | 10,000 m | 29:40.71 |
| | Pan American Games | Santiago, Chile | 10th | 10,000 m | 30:13.81 |

## Personal bests

**Outdoor**

## InfoBox

Iván Darío González
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Iván Darío González González |
| Born | (1987-08-14) August 14, 1987<br>Bogotá, Colombia |
| Height | 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) |
| Weight | 69 kg (152 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Athletics |
| Event(s) | 1500 m, 5000 m, 10,000 m |


title: Philip Delaquis

abstract: Philip Delaquis is a Swiss film and theatre producer and member of the Swiss Film Academy and the European Film Academy.

text:
# Philip Delaquis

**Philip Delaquis** (born 29 July 1974) is a Swiss film and theatre producer and member of the Swiss Film Academy and the European Film Academy.

## Biography

Philip Delaquis was born on 29 July 1974 in Bern. He attended schools in Spiez and Interlaken, graduated in 1994 and worked as a newspaper photographer before enrolling at Bern's School of Design and completing film courses at FOCAL, later acquiring a lic.rer.pol. in business and media science at the University of Bern and Humboldt University of Berlin and launching a TV editorial career with the Swiss Broadcasting Corporation SRG SSR. In his spare time, he made short films and organised film festivals, including DVD ShortICutsIBern & Zurich and the festival *Talent Screen*. In 2005, Delaquis co-founded the Zurich-based film production company *Das Kollektiv für audiovisuelle Werke GmbH*.

This company produced several award-winning films, including the feature documentary *Yalom's Cure* (2014), which screened in cinemas in over ten European countries and the documentary *Forbidden Voices* (2012), which won the Amnesty International Award and the WACC-SIGNIS Human Rights Award. The company also produced *GURU – Bhagwan, His Secretary & His Bodyguard* (2011). All the three films were nominated for the Swiss Film Award. Further film productions include the feature film *Soundless Wind Chime* (2009) by Kit Hung, which won over ten international awards and premiered in the official selection of the Berlin International Film Festival. Together with Barbara Miller, Delaquis established the production company *Mons Veneris Films* in 2014.

He also developed and produced *Dällebach Kari – The musical* based on the Swiss figure Dällebach Kari. The production premiered at the Thunerseespiele, then had runs at Theater 11 in Zürich and Rote Halle Bern. He also worked on the musical *The Visit – Der Besuch der alten Dame* (2013) which premiered at the Thunerseespiele and later was performed at the Ronacher Theatre in Vienna.

In 2024, he partnered with Richard Gere and Oren Moverman for a movie on the 14th Dalai Lama.

## Filmography

* 2006: *One Love – Jürg Halter vs Kutti MC* (TV documentary)
* 2007: *Giraffes Don’t Go to Heaven* (animation)
* 2008: *FC Murmeli* (animation)
* 2008: *Sunny Hill* (feature film)
* 2009: *Soundless Wind Chime* (feature film)
* 2009: *Die kleine Monsterin* (animated TV series)
* 2010: *GURU: Bhagwan, His Secretary & His Bodyguard* (documentary)
* 2012: *Forbidden Voices* (documentary)
* 2014: *Friedrich Dürrenmatt im Labyrinth* (TV documentary)
* 2014: *Yalom's Cure* (documentary)
* 2015: *DÜRRENMATT – eine Liebesgeschichte* (documentary)
* 2016: *Emily Kempin-Spiry* (TV documentary)
* 2018: *#Female Pleasure* (documentary)
* 2024: Wisdom of Happiness (documentary)

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Philip Delaquis in 2013 | |
| Born | (1974-07-29) 29 July 1974<br>Bern, Switzerland |
| Occupation | Producer (film/theatre) |


title: Raduń, Choszczno County

abstract: Raduń is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Choszczno, within Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Choszczno (Arnswalde) and 69 km (43 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin (Stettin). For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

text:
# Raduń, Choszczno County

**Raduń** \[ˈraduɲ\] (German: *Radun*) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Choszczno, within Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) east of Choszczno (*Arnswalde*) and 69 km (43 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin (*Stettin*).

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

## InfoBox

| Raduń | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Raduń | |
| Coordinates: 53°8′27″N 15°30′16″E / 53.14083°N 15.50444°E / 53.14083; 15.50444 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | West Pomeranian |
| County | Choszczno |
| Gmina | Choszczno |


title: WWOZ

abstract: WWOZ is a non-profit community-supported radio station in New Orleans. It is owned by the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Foundation. The station specializes in music from or relating to the cultural heritage of New Orleans and the surrounding region of Louisiana. The playlist includes jazz, blues, local, regional and world music. The studios and offices are in the Jackson Brewery building in the French Quarter of New Orleans. The transmitter is on Canal Street at Lasalle Street atop a Tulane University building.

text:
# WWOZ

**WWOZ** (90.7 FM) is a non-profit community-supported radio station in New Orleans. It is owned by the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Foundation. The station specializes in music from or relating to the cultural heritage of New Orleans and the surrounding region of Louisiana. The playlist includes jazz, blues, local, regional and world music.

The studios and offices are in the Jackson Brewery building in the French Quarter of New Orleans. The transmitter is on Canal Street at Lasalle Street atop a Tulane University building.

## Programming

WWOZ programming is most heavily weighted toward contemporary jazz and rhythm & blues, with other programming including traditional jazz, blues, Cajun music, zydeco, old time and country music, bluegrass, Gospel, Celtic music and World music.

As the station is known for its support of local music, local musicians are often guests on programs and sometimes perform live over the air, especially for the station's twice-yearly membership drives. Musicians and singers such as Rob Cambre, Samirah Evans, Alan Fontenot, Bob French, Hazel the Delta Rambler, Sam Cammarata, Ernie K-Doe, Bobby Mitchell, Davis Rogan, Tom Saunders, John Sinclair, Don Vappie, Dr. Michael White and others have had their own shows on the station.

WWOZ is also known for its location broadcasts of live music events, including the annual New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival, co-owned with the station.

In 2018, WWOZ was honored with the Prestige Award for Station of the Year by the Louisiana Association of Broadcasters in recognition of its on-air programming, the large number of volunteer hosts, live music broadcasts, as well as its "WWOZ in the Schools" program.

## History

The founders of WWOZ were brothers Walter and Jerry Brock, from Texas, who thought New Orleans needed a community radio station and began organizing it in the mid-1970s. Jerry is also the co-founder of the Louisiana Music Factory and a record producer engaged in the works of various local artists. The Nora Blatch Educational Foundation (named after radio pioneer Nora Blatch, wife of Lee De Forest) was established as a non-profit organization to hold the station license. The call letters WWOZ were chosen as a reference to The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and specifically the line, "Pay no attention to the man behind the curtain", meaning that attention should be given to the program content rather than the personalities of the disc jockeys.

The station began broadcasting on December 4, 1980 from a tiny transmitter building in Bridge City, Louisiana beneath their shared rented broadcast tower. A few months later the broadcasts moved to the space the station had been using in a dilapidated two-room apartment upstairs from the music club Tipitina's at Napoleon Avenue and Tchoupitoulas Street in Uptown New Orleans.

Conditions at WWOZ in the early 1980s were spartan. The studio and office had no air conditioning, and for a time just before moving out of the Tipitina's site, the only running water to the tiny bathroom was from a neighbor's garden hose run in through a window. Everyone who did a show volunteered hours of time on other tasks to keep the station going, from addressing envelopes to sweeping the floor. When artists performing live downstairs at Tipitina's gave their permission, their performances were broadcast via a microphone lowered through a hole in the floor. When permission to broadcast live performances downstairs could not be obtained, programming went to pre-recorded reel-to-reel tapes, as the music downstairs made it too loud in the studio to talk over the microphones and the vibrations made it impossible to use the station's turntables.

In 1985, WWOZ moved the studio to a building in Louis Armstrong Park in the Tremé neighborhood. With the station facing financial difficulties, in 1986 the license was transferred to the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Foundation (parent organization of the New Orleans Jazz and Heritage Festival) which helped subsidize the operation. The station later added an office in a small house across St. Philip Street from the studio.

In 1996, the station began streaming their broadcast online, before this practice became common. In the same year, Better Than Ezra, an alternative rock band from New Orleans, released a song titled "WWOZ", where they mention this radio station.

### Effects of Hurricane Katrina

WWOZ made the decision to go off the air at midnight on August 27, 2005, in anticipation of Hurricane Katrina to allow its programmers and staff to evacuate the city. It actually went off the air slightly earlier, just after 10 pm. The last song played before signing off that night was "What the Heck, Let’s Discotheque" by Side Effect, spun by DJ Soul Sister. In the storm the WWOZ studio suffered minor damage but the Park's power system was wiped out and not a repair priority in the big picture, while the WWOZ staff, like the rest of the New Orleans population, was scattered to shelter in several states. But the station's transmitter atop the Tidewater Building on Canal Street in downtown New Orleans was found to be intact and serviceable, given a studio source. Within a week WWOZ initiated a webcast as "WWOZ in Exile" via Internet servers at WFMU in New Jersey. Many long term listeners from around the country donated tapes of WWOZ broadcasts from years gone by, some of which were rebroadcast in part or whole. On October 18, 2005, WWOZ resumed limited hours of broadcasting over the air in New Orleans, via studio space provided by Louisiana Public Broadcasting in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The station returned a physical studio to New Orleans in December 2005, using temporary office and studio space at the French Market office building, returning to its airwaves on 15 December.

Much of WWOZ's programming has long been based on the large personal record collections of the various programmers, many of which were lost in the disaster. For some time after the station returned to the air, one programmer did a series of shows entirely from CDs rescued from the debris in post-Katrina muck.

At first, the French Quarter studio was expected to be a temporary arrangement for approximately a year. However agreements were made for WWOZ to use more space in the French Market office building for studio and office space, and WWOZ remained at this location, with supplemental offices at the New Orleans Healing Center and in Kenner, Louisiana.

WWOZ moved their studio and offices to the Jax Brewery on November 28, 2023, marking the occasion with a second line parade. They occupy the entire top (fifth) floor of the former brewery.

Pre-Katrina, thousands of hours of New Orleans music performances on tape via WWOZ were stored in a non-descript storage site. The floodwaters stopped at the storage container's loading dock and were not lost. The tapes were later shipped to the Library of Congress, which had previously named the WWOZ collection to its National Recording Registry. The Library agreed to store, catalog, and digitize the collection, a process which was expected to take many years to complete. By April 2016, the collection of over 2,000 recordings was made available to the public via walk-in listening in the Library's Recorded Sound Research Center in the Madison Building on Capitol Hill.

## Translator

In July 2021 a translator for WWOZ was granted, W270CS 101.9 Gulfport Mississippi. This translator was on the air from July 20, 2021 until Hurricane Ida flooded the transmitter site. The translator was built on a ham radio tower 30 yards away from the tower where it is licensed to broadcast from. In November 2021 W270CS filed an STA with the FCC to go silent due to an unspecified technical issue. Because the FCC frowns upon a station going silent within its first year on the air, a letter of inquiry was sent to the owner of W270CS in February 2022. The FCC wanted evidence that W270CS was constructed with the intent of not being on the air only temporarily. The only proof of the translator being on the air since the license was issued in September was a 6 hour test in March 2022 from a temporary site. The FCC was not satisfied with the response by the owner and deleted the license in June 2022.

## Show hosts

WWOZ's on-air show hosts are all volunteers and receive no compensation for the music that they play on the station, primarily playing from their personal collections of music. Most of them are deeply involved in the New Orleans music community and many are musicians. The station does have a small staff of paid personnel who handle the day-to-day operations of the station.

## Dramatized depictions of WWOZ

Fictionalized versions of WWOZ were featured on the HBO series *Treme* and some episodes of *NCIS: New Orleans*.

29°57′26″N 90°04′31″W / 29.9571°N 90.0754°W / 29.9571; -90.0754

## InfoBox

WWOZ
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Broadcast area | New Orleans metropolitan area |
| Frequency | 90.7 MHz (HD Radio) |
| Branding | *"WWOZ 90.7 FM"* |
| Programming | |
| Language(s) | English |
| Format | Jazz, Blues, New Orleans community music |
| Ownership | |
| Owner |  |
| History | |
| First air date | December 4, 1980 (1980-12-04) |
| Call sign meaning | The **W**onderful **W**izard of **OZ** |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 22659 |
| Class | C1 |
| ERP | 100,000 watts |
| HAAT | 134 meters (440 ft) |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen Live |
| Website | WWOZ.org |


title: Nicolas Mahudel

abstract: Nicolas Mahudel was a French antiquary interested in prehistoric research. He proposed the chronological prehistoric sequence Stone Age - Bronze Age - Iron Age. Mahudel was for a time a Jesuit and later in his life a Trappist. Nicolas Mahudel was born on 21 November 1673 in Langres. He died on 7 March 1747 in Paris. With his work Three Successive Ages of Stone, Bronze, and Iron (1734), he influenced fellow antiquaries, notably William Borlase who further developed this idea. During the 18th century still, controversy was vivid as to whether thunder-stones had been made by men or were actually fossils. Mahudel, member of the Académie des Inscriptions, presented several of those stones and showed that they have evidently been cut by the hand of man. "An examination of them," he said, "affords a proof of the efforts of our earliest ancestors to provide for their wants, and to obtain the necessaries of life." He established the stone - bronze - iron sequence after he had compared several burial sites. He noticed that graves with decayed urns largely featured bronze items, whereas iron was found in more recent ones.

text:
# Nicolas Mahudel

**Nicolas Mahudel** (21 November 1673 – 7 March 1747) was a French antiquary interested in prehistoric research. He proposed the chronological prehistoric sequence Stone Age \- Bronze Age \- Iron Age. Mahudel was for a time a Jesuit and later in his life a Trappist.

Nicolas Mahudel was born on 21 November 1673 in Langres. He died on 7 March 1747 in Paris.

With his work *Three Successive Ages of Stone, Bronze, and Iron* (1734), he influenced fellow antiquaries, notably William Borlase who further developed this idea.

During the 18th century still, controversy was vivid as to whether thunder-stones had been made by men or were actually fossils. Mahudel, member of the Académie des Inscriptions, presented several of those stones and showed that they have evidently been cut by the hand of man. "An examination of them," he said, "affords a proof of the efforts of our earliest ancestors to provide for their wants, and to obtain the necessaries of life."

He established the stone - bronze - iron sequence after he had compared several burial sites. He noticed that graves with decayed urns largely featured bronze items, whereas iron was found in more recent ones.


title: Quogue Historic District

abstract: The Quogue Historic District is an area of historic residences in Quogue on the East End of Long Island, New York. The historic houses include structures that date from the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and retain their architectural and historic integrity. The district was listed in the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district in 2016.

text:
# Quogue Historic District

The **Quogue Historic District** is an area of historic residences in Quogue on the East End of Long Island, New York. The historic houses include structures that date from the 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries and retain their architectural and historic integrity. The district was listed in the National Register of Historic Places as a historic district in 2016.

## Early history

In 1659 John Ogden purchased **Quawcanantucke** from Sachem Wyandanch of the Montauk tribe for 400 pounds, vouchsafing his friend access for hunting, fishing and gathering berries. That land, from Westhampton to Southampton was to secure grazing for the sheep, hogs and cattle of the town and the first structure there was built for the shepherd that tended John Foster's flock. By the mid-18th century, the grandsons of Southampton's original settlers became the founders of the Quogue settlement. The Cook, Foster, Herrick, Jessup, Howell, and Post families started building homes along Quogue Street.

Once a bucolic collection of farms by the sea, Quogue in the early 20th century had become a place for wealthy bon vivants to create country estates by purchasing whole farms and building cottages along the dunes. Families that had summered in one of its boarding houses came to stay, many building the now-iconic shingle covered homes that dot the streets. Over 250 such shingle-style homes make up the historic hamlet.

Part of Southampton Towne in 1850, home to the first modern bridge over Quantuck Bay, Quogue was the second overnight stop on the stagecoach run from Brooklyn to Southampton in 1835, before the arrival of the LIRR (Riverhead -1844) during the Victorian era rush to colonize the Hamptons. Steamships plied stately courses off the Atlantic coast and homes built by whalers had dominated Quogue and Quaquanantuck streets. Jessup Avenue served as the main commercial street with the country market and the fire dept setting up roots in 1870. Early inhabitants include the linen house and the store by the pond, now home to the Quogue Historical society. Quogue Street, the widest in the hamlet, had been the grazing path that cattle were driven down each spring.

By 1845, whaling had become the country's fifth largest cash crop as the demand for whale oil for lighting grew. In Quogue, some families invested in the voyages; others signed aboard the whalers as crew; and a fair number became captains of their own vessels.

Some of these included residents Frederick M. Hallock, Henry Gardiner, Edward Stevens, and members of the Cooper family.

Until then, Quogue was a quiet, pastoral community. Each small holding grew food for the table, some were working by farming, ocean fishing and then whaling, starting in small whaleboats from shore, then in Barks and Schooners on long ocean voyages. A secondary business of boarding summer visitors was thriving by 1855.

In 1870, a spur of the LIRR to Quogue brought a flood of visitors each summer and, by 1880, the hamlet was a bustling summer resort. Thirteen boarding houses and hotels ensconced along Quogue Street and the village flourished. The cottages on Dune road were large affairs, built to accommodate the seasonal influx of beach goers. It was by then considered the wealthiest village on Long Island by proportion of its residents. It was nicknamed “The Queen of the Hamptons” by the LIRR.

## Gales and Nor’easters

On the high seas nor’easters might be the most terrifying of the dangers, but thousands lost their souls to the sea within sight of shore. Nestled among the dunes during the middle of the 19th century was a garage like structure, long gone. It was once the shed that was used by the Quogue Life-Saving Station (NRHP ref# 99000640) before the quarters were upgraded in 1872 to a larger red house. The red house still remains on Dune Road as a private home after the quarters were moved in 1912. The original shed was in use from 1849 to 1872 and involved Maritime disasters. The poet Longfellow famously wrote in 1839 of The Wreck of the Hesperus, a tale of a winter storm and ill-fated voyage off the Atlantic coast of which Long Islands had its own share; and the need for coast watchers and seagoing rescue crafts had spawned life-saving stations along the south shore. Wrecks such as the “Infanti” (1851), the “Europa” (1886) and Nahum Chapin (1898) gave notoriety to the Quogue lifesaving station and it became a part of the US Coast guard in 1915.

The latest station (Designed by Victor Mendelheff – 1912, currently a private home) is one of the few remaining examples of this type of structure and was the only individual building in the Quogue Historic District on the NRHP lists, despite being outside the limits of the district boundaries.

## Historic Status

Nancy D. Mullan of Quogue was on the Town of Southampton Landmarks and Historic Districts Board and also a member of the Quogue Historic Preservation Society. She was instrumental in the effort to establish the Quogue Historic District – which was added to the N.Y. State Register in December 2015 and National Register on February 2, 2016. On Jessup Ave, Quogue Community Hall is part of the Quogue Historic District along with the Hampton Theatre company. St. Paul AME Zion is a Southampton town landmarked church on Montauk Highway and the fight to gain NRHP status for the hamlet had been underway as far back as 1992. Numerous attempts were rebuffed, reasons counter varied in considering historic district status, the primary question was whether those sectors being considered had any real historical significance. The Village of Quogue had set itself apart from the Hamptons summer vibe by having a quaint country village lifestyle lacking the moneyed elements common to towns further east in the Hamptons. Boarders occupied rooming houses 4 months out of the year beginning in the 1840s. Stately cottages lined Dune road. The connection to Sag Harbor whaling captains and the landmarked Life-Saving Station along with the Victorian era homes still standing eventually won out. Some 200+ Victorian era houses are contributing to the districts status.

The Park Service, in the nominating petition, stated “The Quogue Historic District is locally significant under Criterion A in the areas of settlement and social history and recreation. The district is additionally significant under Criterion C for its remarkable collection of architecture that reflects Quogue's history as an early agricultural community that transformed into a predominantly seasonal community during the nineteenth century”. Many Victorian homes are still standing in the Quogue Historic District and more than 300 acres have been preserved in a wildlife refuge. Historic Victorian summer cottages alongside modern mansions line Dune Road and the many homes on village streets have the wrap around porches common to the time. The previously landmarked Life-Saving station and the Quogue Cemetery – (National Register Information System ID:13000914) are already separately listed on the NRHP.

The integrity of the Tom Bendelow designed golf course for the Quogue Field Club is also considered to be an important feature of the recreational history of the district.

Five houses, First House, Old Revolution, Antiquity, the Miss Mary Post House and the Foster Homestead are the oldest residences in the village, all date to the pre-Colonial era and all have interiors that have been modernized.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Quogue Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| Shingle-style Home on Quogue Canal | |
|  | |
| Location | Quogue St.,<br>Quogue, New York |
| Coordinates | 40°48′26″N 72°36′0″W / 40.80722°N 72.60000°W / 40.80722; -72.60000 |
| Area | more than fifty acres |
| Built | 1659 |
| Architectural style | Shingle Style |
| NRHP reference No. | 15001028 |
| Added to NRHP | Feb 2, 2016 |


title: Ryan Lindley

abstract: Ryan George Lindley is an American football coach and former quarterback who is currently the senior offensive analyst at San Diego State University. He played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs, and was selected by the Arizona Cardinals in the sixth round of the 2012 NFL draft. Lindley was also a member of the San Diego Chargers, New England Patriots, Indianapolis Colts, and Ottawa Redblacks.

text:
# Ryan Lindley

**Ryan George Lindley** (born June 22, 1989) is an American football coach and former quarterback who is currently the senior offensive analyst at San Diego State University. He played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs, and was selected by the Arizona Cardinals in the sixth round of the 2012 NFL draft. Lindley was also a member of the San Diego Chargers, New England Patriots, Indianapolis Colts, and Ottawa Redblacks.

## Early life and college

Lindley attended El Capitan High School in Lakeside, California. As a senior, he threw for 3,521 yards and 35 touchdowns.

After not playing in his first year on campus at San Diego State University in 2007 while Kevin O'Connell was the Aztecs' starter, Lindley started 11 games as a redshirt freshman in 2008. During the season, he completed 242 of 427 passes for 2,653 yards, 16 touchdowns and nine interceptions. As a sophomore in 2009 he started 12 games and completed 239 of 437 passes for 3,054 yards with 23 touchdowns and 16 interceptions. As a junior in 2010 Lindley completed 243 of 421 passes for 3,830 yards, 28 touchdowns and 14 interceptions. He helped lead the Aztecs to the 2010 Poinsettia Bowl, their first Bowl game since the 1998 Las Vegas Bowl. He helped them defeat the Navy Midshipmen 35 to 14 after completing 18 of 23 passes for 276 yards and two touchdowns.

### College statistics

| Season | Team | Passing | | | | | | | | Rushing | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Cmp | Att | Pct | Yds | Y/A | TD | Int | Rtg | Att | Yds | Avg | TD |
| San Diego State Aztecs | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2008 | San Diego State | 242 | 427 | 56.7 | 2,653 | 6.2 | 16 | 9 | 117.0 | 31 | -62 | -2.0 | 1 |
| 2009 | San Diego State | 239 | 437 | 54.7 | 3,054 | 7.0 | 23 | 16 | 123.4 | 22 | -131 | -6.0 | 1 |
| 2010 | San Diego State | 243 | 421 | 57.7 | 3,830 | 9.1 | 28 | 14 | 149.4 | 19 | -31 | -1.6 | 0 |
| 2011 | San Diego State | 237 | 447 | 53.0 | 3,153 | 7.1 | 23 | 8 | 125.7 | 18 | -51 | -2.8 | 0 |
| Career | | 961 | 1,732 | 55.5 | 12,690 | 7.3 | 90 | 47 | 128.8 | 90 | -275 | -3.1 | 2 |

## Professional career

Pre-draft measurables
| Height | Weight | Arm length | Hand span | 40-yard dash | 10-yard split | 20-yard split | 20-yard shuttle | Three-cone drill | Vertical jump | Broad jump |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 6 ft 4 in
(1.93 m) | 229 lb
(104 kg) | 32+58 in
(0.83 m) | 10 in
(0.25 m) | 4.90 s | 1.69 s | 2.87 s | 4.45 s | 7.52 s | 29.5 in
(0.75 m) | 9 ft 0 in
(2.74 m) |
| All values from NFL Combine | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Arizona Cardinals (first stint)

Lindley was drafted in the sixth round of the 2012 NFL draft by the Arizona Cardinals of the National Football League (NFL). On November 18, 2012, he replaced John Skelton in a loss to the Atlanta Falcons. He made his first professional start on November 25 against the St. Louis Rams. In his first season, he posted a very low 46.7 passer rating and threw 7 interceptions compared to 0 touchdowns. After two seasons with the team, Lindley was released by the Cardinals on August 25, 2014.

### San Diego Chargers

Lindley signed with the San Diego Chargers and was assigned to their practice squad on August 31, 2014.

### Arizona Cardinals (second stint)

On November 11, 2014, Lindley re-signed with the Cardinals after a season-ending injury to Carson Palmer. On December 11, 2014, starting quarterback Drew Stanton was injured in the game against the Rams, Lindley entered the game and saw his first in-game action since 2012. On December 28, 2014, against the San Francisco 49ers, Lindley threw his first career touchdown pass to Michael Floyd, ending an NFL-record 228 pass attempts without a touchdown to start his career. He finished the 2014 season with a 48.4% completion rate, 562 yards passing, 2 touchdowns, 4 interceptions, and a 56.8 passer rating.

On January 3, 2015, in the Cardinals' first-round playoff game at the Carolina Panthers, Lindley completed 16 of 28 passes for 82 yards, one touchdown and two interceptions. He had a passer rating of 44.3 and Arizona lost 27–16. The Cardinals totaled 78 yards of offense, the fewest in NFL playoff history.

### New England Patriots

On August 10, 2015, Lindley agreed to terms with the New England Patriots. On September 5, 2015, the Patriots released Lindley after the last preseason game.

### Indianapolis Colts

On December 29, 2015, Lindley signed with the Indianapolis Colts. On January 3, 2016, Lindley split time with fellow recent signee Josh Freeman in the Colts season finale against the Tennessee Titans and went 6/10 for 58 yards and a touchdown in the 30–24 win.

### Ottawa Redblacks

After not playing professional football for more than a year, Lindley signed with the Ottawa Redblacks of the Canadian Football League (CFL) on February 2, 2017. Lindley saw the most action during the preseason for the Redblacks; he completed 18 of 30 pass attempts for 140 yards with 1 touchdown and 0 interceptions. Lindley made his first CFL start on September 22, 2017: Starting quarterback Trevor Harris and backup Drew Tate were both out with injuries. Lindley played very poorly, completing just 16 of 36 pass attempts (44.4%) for only 151 yards (4.2 yards per attempt), with one interception and the Redblacks were beaten handily by the Blue Bombers 29–9. Lindley was not much better in the team's next match against the Saskatchewan Roughriders, completing 17 of 31 pass attempts (54.8%) for 161 yards (5.2 yards per attempt), with one touchdown and one interception. On March 6, 2018 Lindley was released by the Redblacks.

## Professional career statistics

NFL career
| Year | Team | Games | | Passing | | | | | | | | Rushing | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | GP | GS | Cmp | Att | Pct | Yds | Y/A | TD | Int | Rtg | Att | Yds | Avg | TD |
| 2012 | ARI | 6 | 4 | 89 | 171 | 52.0 | 752 | 4.4 | 0 | 7 | 46.7 | 4 | 7 | 1.8 | 0 |
| 2013 | ARI | 0 | 0 | DNP | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 2014 | ARI | 3 | 2 | 45 | 93 | 48.4 | 562 | 6.0 | 2 | 4 | 56.8 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| 2015 | IND | 1 | 0 | 6 | 10 | 60.0 | 58 | 5.8 | 1 | 0 | 109.6 | 0 | 0 | 0.0 | 0 |
| Career | | 10 | 6 | 140 | 274 | 51.1 | 1,372 | 5.0 | 3 | 11 | 52.4 | 4 | 7 | 1.8 | 0 |

CFL career
| Year | Team | GP | Passing | | | | | | | | Rushing | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Cmp | Att | Pct | Yds | Y/A | TD | Int | Rtg | Att | Yds | Avg | TD |
| 2017 | OTT | 18 | 40 | 81 | 49.4 | 391 | 4.8 | 1 | 3 | 52.0 | 47 | 74 | 1.6 | 5 |
| Career | | 18 | 40 | 81 | 49.4 | 391 | 4.8 | 1 | 3 | 52.0 | 47 | 74 | 1.6 | 5 |

## Coaching career

### San Diego State (first stint)

Lindley was a graduate assistant at his alma mater, San Diego State from 2017 through October 31, 2018.

### Cleveland Browns

Lindley was hired as the running backs coach for the Cleveland Browns on October 31, 2018, after running backs coach Freddie Kitchens was promoted to offensive coordinator. On January 14, 2019, he was named the Browns' quarterbacks coach.

### Utah

In 2020, Lindley worked as an offensive analyst for the Utah.

### Mississippi State

In 2021, Lindley joined Mississippi State as a defensive analyst.

### San Diego State (second stint)

Lindley was named the quarterbacks coach at San Diego State on October 2, 2022. He became the offensive coordinator in 2023. He became senior offensive analyst in 2024.

## Personal life

After being released by the Colts, Lindley's agent, Rep 1 Sports, hired him as a coach. He was tasked with getting Carson Wentz and Jared Goff ready for their NFL Combine and Pro Day performances. In 2014, Lindley was a stand-in body double for Andrew Luck in a Visa commercial that featured Cardinals teammate Larry Fitzgerald. The commercial also featured Drew Brees and Colin Kaepernick through CGI. At San Diego State University, Lindley majored in Social Science Teaching.

## InfoBox

Ryan Lindley
| Lindley with the Arizona Cardinals in 2013 | |
| --- | --- |
| San Diego State Aztecs | |
| Position: | Senior offensive analyst |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1989-06-22) June 22, 1989
San Diego, California, U.S. |
| Height: | 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) |
| Weight: | 232 lb (105 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | El Capitan (Lakeside, California) |
| College: | San Diego State (2008–2011) |
| NFL draft: | 2012 / round: 6 / pick: 185 |
| Career history | |
| As a player: | |
|  | |
| * Offseason and/or practice squad member only | |
| As a coach: | |
| * San Diego State (2017–2018)
Graduate assistant * Cleveland Browns (2018)
Running backs coach * Cleveland Browns (2019)
Quarterbacks coach * Utah (2020)
Offensive analyst * Mississippi State (2021–2022)
Defensive analyst * San Diego State (2022)
Quarterbacks coach * San Diego State (2023)
Offensive coordinator & quarterbacks coach * San Diego State (2024–present)
Senior offensive analyst | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Passer rating: 52.4  TDINT: 3–11  Completion percentage: 51.1  Passing yards: 1,372 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** · **CFL.ca** | |
|  | |


title: Giulio Canani

abstract: Giulio Canani was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

text:
# Giulio Canani

**Giulio Canani** (1524 – 27 November 1592) was an Italian Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church.

## Early life

Born in Ferrara to Luigi Canani and Lucrezia Brancaleone, he studied both canon and civil law in the University of Ferrara and he became cleric in Ferara. Later he went to Rome and in 1552 he was appointed papal datary by Pope Julius III.

## Episcopate

He was elected bishop of Adria on November 26, 1554.

## Cardinalate

Giulio Canani was nominated for the cardinalate by Duke Alfonso d'Este of Ferrara. He was created cardinal priest in the consistory of December 12, 1583, by Pope Gregory XIII, and was assigned the titular church of Sant'Eusebio on November 28, 1584.

He participated in the two conclaves of 1590.

He was transferred to the see Diocese of Modena on February 8, 1591. Later he opted for the title of S. Anastasia on March 20, 1591.

He participated in the Papal conclave of 1591 and in the Papal conclave of 1592.

## Death

Giulio Canani died on November 27, 1592, in his native town Ferrara during a short visit there.

## InfoBox

| Giulio Canani | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop of Modena, Cardinal priest of S. Anastasia | |
| See | Diocese of Modena |
| Installed | February 8, 1591November 27, 1592 |
| Other post(s) | Previously Bishop of Adria |
| Orders | |
| Created cardinal | December 12, 1583 |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1524
Ferrara, Italy |
| Died | (1592-11-27)November 27, 1592
Ferrara, Italy |


title: Ithinumappuram

abstract: Ithinumappuram is a 2015 Indian Malayalam drama film written, directed, and produced by Manoj Alunkal. It stars Meera Jasmine and Riyaz Khan in the lead roles. It was released in India on 9 October 2015.

text:
# Ithinumappuram

***Ithinumappuram*** is a 2015 Indian Malayalam drama film written, directed, and produced by Manoj Alunkal. It stars Meera Jasmine and Riyaz Khan in the lead roles.

It was released in India on 9 October 2015.

## Cast

## Plot

Rukmini elopes with Karthikeyan who was their driver and is now settled in a faraway place in a rented house. They have two children Anahha who is good at studies and Sneha who is dumb. Karthikeyan works as supervisor in a coir manufacturing unit of Eepachan, and spends his earning on his own leisures. He does not care of his family as Rukmini had eloped with him without taking any valuables from her house. He does not allow Rukmini to go for any work. Dhanapalan was a money lender and his wife Leela were not blessed with children despite married for years. Leela had a soft corner for Rukmini and often helps her.

Though Karthikeyan is not accepted by the workers in the coir factory, he manages to get the faith of Eepachan. Karthikeyan gets attracted by a lady employee of the factory Devu, and Devu's mother who is also an employee of that factory motivates her daughter to attract Karthikeyan for financial gains. Once Rukmini knows about this affair, he argues with Karthikeyan and he attacks her. On another day Karthikeyan elopes with Devu.

Despite no source of income, to make a living Rukmini goes to work in Eepachan's coir factory. While Anhha goes to school, Sheha is left at Dhanapalans house. Eepachan had desires for her. But she never allowed it. It was also found that Rukmini is pregnant for the third time. Eepachan advises an abortion, but Rukmini mentions that despite her hardships she will bring the third child also. As a revenge Rukmini is made to do strenuous jobs.

As days pass by Rukmini gives birth to a baby boy. And then she is back to work leaving the new born and Sheha with Leela. Anahha gets rewarded in school as she bags the first prize in the scholarship event. While getting back from work, Rukmini picks the baby and Sneha and walks home. On the way back from school, Anahha sees them and with excitement she runs to them to show her mother the scholarship award. A jeep hits her and she gets seriously injured. The nearby government hospital refers her to a private hospital where an emergency operation is suggested and she must place ₹2000 as security. She runs to Eapachan for help, who leaves her empty handed. She then runs to Dhanapalan who offers the money. But Leela places a suggestion that she wants her son in return, as she will bring him up with all luxury. Though Rukmini was reluctant, the thoughts of her hospitalised daughter forces her to rush to hospital. She was late and Anahha is declared dead. Doctor suggests to take the girls body as experiment specimen for their medical college students and pay the compensation to Rukmini. Rukmini signs the documents and leaves the hospital holding Sneha's hand.

## InfoBox

| Ithinumappuram | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Manoj Alunkal |
| Written by | Manoj Alunkal |
| Produced by | Manoj Alunkal |
| Starring | Riyaz Khan
Meera Jasmine |
| Music by | Vidhyadharan Master |
| Production
company | Agna Media |
| Release date | * 9 October 2015 (2015-10-09) |
| Country | India |
| Language | Malayalam |


title: Monte Spinarda

abstract: Monte Spinarda is a 1,357-metre (4,452 ft) mountain of the Ligurian Prealps in Italy.

text:
# Monte Spinarda

**Monte Spinarda** is a 1,357-metre (4,452 ft) mountain of the Ligurian Prealps in Italy.

## Geography

The mountain belongs to the Ligurian Alps and is located between the province of Savona (Liguria, south) and the province of Cuneo (Piedmont, north). Monte Spinarda is the tripoint where the Ligurian comune of Calizzano and the Piedmontese ones of Garessio and Priola meet. Is located very close to the drainage divide between Tanaro and Bormida valleys, on the Bormida valley side, a very long ridge which branches from the Main chain of the Alps at Monte Cianea. In the SOIUSA (*International Standardized Mountain Subdivision of the Alps*) Monte Spinarda belongs to the Ligurian Prealps and, within them, to *Monte Carmo* group and *Dorsale Spinarda-Sotta* subgroup (SOIUSA code:I/A-1.I-A.2.b).

## Geology

The *Anfiboliti di monte Spinarda*, an outcrop of amphibolites recordered in the Italian official geologic map, was named after the mountain.

## History

The area surrounding Monte Spinarda was involved by wartime operations linked to the Italian campaigns of Napoleone Bonaparte and in 1799 the Frenche Army occupied its summit. Nearby, in a place called *Vignale*, during the 19th century mineralogists found some gold in the form of sulphate.

## Access to the summit

The summit of Monte Spinarda can be easily reached on foot by Colle del Quazzo or, with a longer walk, from Calizzano. During snowy winters the summit can also be accessed with snowshoes. The hike is appreciated not only for the good views on the surrounding mountains, but also for its low risk of avalanches.

## Conservation

Monte Spinarda slopes are mainly covered with beech woods and shrubs. Its Ligurian side belongs to the SIC *(Site of Community Importance)* called *Monte Spinarda - Rio Nero* \- code *IT1323014*.

## Maps

* *Cartografia ufficiale italiana scale 1:25.000 and 1:100.000* (Map). Istituto Geografico Militare. Retrieved 2018-03-03.
* *Carta dei sentieri e stradale scala 1:25.000 n. 26* Bassa val Tanaro Val Bormida e Cebano (Map). Ciriè: Fraternali editore.

Media related to Monte Spinarda at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Monte Spinarda | |
| --- | --- |
| Monte Spinarda in winter | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,357 m (4,452 ft) |
| Prominence | 403 m (1,322 ft) |
| Isolation | 8.91 km (5.54 mi) |
| Coordinates | 44°13′39.47″N 08°04′10.52″E / 44.2276306°N 8.0695889°E / 44.2276306; 8.0695889 |
| Geography | |
| Monte SpinardaLocation in the Alps | |
| Location | Liguria/Piemonte, Italy |
| Parent range | Ligurian Alps |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | ancestral |
| Easiest route | from Colle del Quazzo or Calizzano |


title: Rainer Küschall

abstract: Rainer Küschall is a Swiss tetraplegic, car racer, inventor and designer.

text:
# Rainer Küschall

**Rainer Küschall** (born 17 April 1947 in Flims, Switzerland) is a Swiss tetraplegic, car racer, inventor and designer.

## Accident

At the age of 16, Küschall sustained a severe injury to his cervical spine at the level of the C4-C6 vertebrae. At the time, there was no treatment available for quadriplegia, and he spent the following two years bedbound in different hospitals. Küschall then met the neurologist and neurosurgeon Ludwig Guttmann who founded Stoke Mandeville Hospital. Guttmann was the first to place Küschall into a wheelchair and a difficult period of rehabilitation followed.

## Career

After many years of rehabilitation and sports, Küschall started his first job as an office clerk in 1976. However, this work proved impossible for him and he left after two weeks. At home, Küschall tinkered around with an old wheelchair and improved it with a few essential changes. This eventually led him to establish Küschall AG. Küschall began serial production of wheelchairs in 1976 – first in his living room, later in a factory. After a severe infection which caused a coma, Küschall sold his company to Invacare, a major medical equipment manufacturer based in the US, in 1996. After several years Küschall recovered and took on the responsibility for engineering and product development as the company's research and development director.

## Invention of the monotube designs

Until the 1980s, wheelchairs were heavy vehicles which were almost impossible for the patient themselves to manoeuvre. In 1985, Rainer Küschall designed a completely new wheelchair which only weighed 14 instead of the usual 25 kilograms and had a volume that was 40% smaller. By reducing the weight and adding new adjustment possibilities for seated positions, Küschall increased the range of uses and the mobility of the wheelchair and established the now common monotube design. The product, which he called the Competition (known as Champion 3000 in the USA), was revolutionary at the time and is still one of the most copied basic designs for wheelchairs today. In 1986, Küschall received the award of the Museum of Modern Art. The Competition wheelchair was the first medical device added to the collection at the MoMA and is still exhibited there. One of its successor models weighs only 6.7 kilograms.

## Sporting career

Küschall began playing table tennis during his rehabilitation at Stoke Mandeville Hospital in the 1960s and participated in the Summer Paralympics for the first time in 1968. From 1982 onwards, he devoted himself to wheelchair racing and broke the world record for almost every distance on several occasions. By the end of his paralympic sporting career in 1992, Küschall had won 21 paralympic medals and was five times world champion.

In 2002, Küschall bought an AC Cobra 427 which he has been driving ever since as the first Swiss quadriplegic with an international motor racing license.

## InfoBox

Rainer Küschall
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1947-04-17) 17 April 1947<br>Flims |
| Sport | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Sport | Wheelchair racing, Table tennis |
| Medal record      Men's athletics  Representing  Switzerland  Paralympic Games  1972 Heidelberg Table tennis (Double)  1972 Heidelberg Table tennis (Team)  1976 Toronto Table tennis  1984 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (200 m)  1984 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (400 m)  1976 Toronto Table tennis  1984 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (100 m)  1984 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (4x100 m)  1988 Seoul Wheelchair racing (4x200 m)  1988 Seoul Wheelchair racing (Marathon)  1992 Barcelona Wheelchair racing (1500 m)  1992 Barcelona Wheelchair racing (4x400 m)\]  1992 Barcelona Wheelchair racing (5000 m)  1992 Barcelona Wheelchair racing (800 m)  1992 Barcelona Wheelchair racing (Marathon)  1968 Tel Aviv Table tennis (Double)  1972 Heidelberg Table tennis (Single)  1984 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (800 m)  1988 Seoul Wheelchair racing (100 m)  1992 Barcelona Wheelchair racing (400 m)  IPC Athletics World Championships  1982 Stoke Mandeville Table tennis (200 m)  1983 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (100 m)  1985 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (100 m)  1985 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (200 m)  1985 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (400 m)  1979 Stoke Mandeville Table tennis (Single)  1981 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (100 m)  1983 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (200 m)  1983 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (Slalom)  1985 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (800 m)  1986 Göteborg Wheelchair racing (200 m)  1990 Assen Wheelchair racing (800 m)  1990 Assen Wheelchair racing (Marathon)  1974 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (?)  1974 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (Slalom)  1974 Stoke Mandeville Table tennis (Single)  1979 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (Slalom)  1979 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (Slalom)  1983 Stoke Mandeville Wheelchair racing (400 m)  1986 Göteborg Wheelchair racing (100 m)  1986 Göteborg Wheelchair racing (400 m)  1986 Göteborg Wheelchair racing (800 m)  1990 Assen Wheelchair racing (400 m)  European Championships  1983 Ingoldstadt Table tennis (Double) | |


title: Rainbow Valley, Arizona

abstract: Rainbow Valley is a rural neighborhood south of the Gila River, United States. It is unincorporated, meaning it is not within the city of Buckeye but instead Maricopa County. It is a very spread out neighborhood with approximately 34 people per square mile. To the east of Rainbow Valley is a community called Estrella Mountain Ranch. The neighborhood has one store, a Dollar General, but any other stores in the area are located in the Estrella Mountain or Buckeye area. Rainbow Valley has many mountains and hills.

text:
# Rainbow Valley, Arizona

**Rainbow Valley** is a rural neighborhood south of the Gila River, United States. It is unincorporated, meaning it is not within the city of Buckeye but instead Maricopa County. It is a very spread out neighborhood with approximately 34 people per square mile. To the east of Rainbow Valley is a community called Estrella Mountain Ranch. The neighborhood has one store, a Dollar General, but any other stores in the area are located in the Estrella Mountain or Buckeye area. Rainbow Valley has many mountains and hills.

## Residents

The older homes of Rainbow Valley were built between 1970 and 1999. In 2000, there was a great influx of people who moved into Rainbow Valley. About 49 percent of the people living there moved to Rainbow Valley after 2000. Most of the homes are mobile homes, except the older homes. There are only two subdivisions, one called Grand View Ranches and Grand View Ranches II. The rest of Rainbow Valley mainly consists of multi-acre lots.

There are several dairies located in Rainbow Valley and many of the residents have horses, goats and chickens.

## Schools

There is only one elementary school in Rainbow Valley, Rainbow Valley Elementary School. It is part of the Liberty Elementary School District. The school is for kindergarten up to eighth grade. Upon graduating, the eighth graders either go to Estrella Foothills High School or Buckeye High School.

33°13′55″N 112°23′14″W / 33.23194°N 112.38722°W / 33.23194; -112.38722


title: WWP1

abstract: NEDD4-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the WWP1 gene.

text:
# WWP1

**NEDD4-like E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP1** is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the *WWP1* gene.

## Function

WW domain-containing proteins are found in all eukaryotes and play an important role in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular functions such as protein degradation, transcription, and RNA splicing. This gene encodes a protein which contains 4 tandem WW domains and a HECT (homologous to the E6-associated protein carboxyl terminus) domain. The encoded protein belongs to a family of NEDD4-like proteins, which are E3 ubiquitin-ligase molecules and regulate key trafficking decisions, including targeting of proteins to proteosomes or lysosomes. Alternative splicing of this gene generates at least 6 transcript variants; however, the full length nature of these transcripts has not been defined. In neurons, murine ortholog Wwp1 and its homolog Wwp2 control polarity acquisition, formation, and branching of axons, as well as migration of newly born nerve cells into the cortical plate.

## Interactions

WWP1 has been shown to interact with:

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| WWP1 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Available structures  PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | WWP1, AIP5, Tiul1, hSDRP1, WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 602307; MGI: 1861728; HomoloGene: 21385; GeneCards: WWP1; OMA:WWP1 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_007013   NM\_001276292
NM\_177327
NM\_001355222   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_008944   NP\_001263221
NP\_796301
NP\_001342151   Location (UCSC) Chr 8: 86.34 – 86.48 Mb Chr 4: 19.61 – 19.71 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Nigel Coates (admiral)

abstract: Rear Admiral Nigel Stephen Coates, was a senior officer in the Royal Australian Navy.

text:
# Nigel Coates (admiral)

Rear Admiral **Nigel Stephen Coates**, AM (8 March 1959 – 2 June 2010) was a senior officer in the Royal Australian Navy.

## Early life and education

Coates joined the Royal Australian Naval College at Jervis Bay in 1975 as a Junior Entry officer, where he completed his high school education.

Coates spent 18 months in Newport, Rhode Island, where he attended the US Naval War College and earned a Master of Arts (International Relations) from Salve Regina University.

Coates joined the Royal Australian Navy in 1975. During the first 15 years of his career he served as aide-de-camp to the Governor General, received Principal Warfare Officer and other training, served on HMA Ships *Hobart*, *Adelaide*, *Brisbane* and *Darwin*, and at Maritime Headquarters (MHQ) in Sydney.

In 1993, he was promoted to commander and served at the Australian Defence Force Academy, initially as Senior Military Instructor, and then as Commanding Officer of the Corps of Officer Cadets. In 1996, he assumed command of HMAS *Canberra*. In 1998, he assumed command of Sea Training at MHQ, and in 1999 attended the US Naval War College.

In 2001, he was promoted to captain and assumed command of HMAS *Anzac*, which saw operational deployment in the Persian Gulf; Coates was subsequently appointed a Member of the Order of Australia for this service.

In mid-2002 he was appointed Chief of Staff to the Chief of the Defence Force in Canberra, and in late 2003 he was promoted to commodore and appointed Chief of Staff, at Headquarters Australian Theatre in Sydney. In 2005, he returned to Canberra as Director General, Navy Personnel and Training.

In July 2007, he was promoted to rear admiral and appointed Commander Australian Fleet. He relinquished command of the Fleet in October 2009 and was relieved by Rear Admiral Steve Gilmore.

## Personal

According to his official biography, "Coates and his wife Vickie enjoy sailing and have three children who also enjoy sailing – occasionally."

In 1996, while sailing in the Australian Capital Territory, he suffered a traumatic amputation of the top of his ring finger.

Coates was diagnosed with an aggressive brain cancer in late 2009, shortly after relinquishing command of the Australian Fleet. He died on 2 June 2010, aged 51, at the Medical Centre, Royal Military College, Duntroon, in Canberra. The funeral service with full naval honours was held in the Naval Dockyard Chapel, Garden Island, on 9 June 2010.

## Honours and awards

* Queen's Gold Medal (Dux of RAN Initial Training course)
* Jubilee Sword (Dux of Seamen Officers training course)
* 1991 Maritime Commander's Commendation
* 1995 Chief of the Defence Force Commendation
* 1997 Gloucester Cup (Commanding officer, HMAS Canberra)
* 2001 Gloucester Cup (Commanding Officer, HMAS Anzac)

|  | Member of the Order of Australia (AM) | Australia Day Honours List 2003 |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Australian Active Service Medal | with 1 clasp |
|  | Afghanistan Medal |  |
|  | Australian Service Medal | with 2 (?) clasps |
|  | Defence Force Service Medal with 4 clasps | 35–39 years service |
|  | Australian Defence Medal |  |

## References and notes

Links at http://www.navy.gov.au:

## InfoBox

| Nigel Stephen Coates | |
| --- | --- |
| Rear Admiral Nigel Coates in March 2008 | |
| Born | (1959-03-08)8 March 1959 |
| Died | 2 June 2010(2010-06-02) (aged 51)
Canberra, Australian Capital Territory |
| Allegiance | Australia |
| Service/branch | Royal Australian Navy |
| Years of service | 1975–2010 |
| Rank | Rear Admiral |
| Commands | Commander Australian Fleet (2007–09)
Director General Navy Personnel (2005–07)
Director General Australian Navy Cadets (2005–07)
HMAS *Anzac* (2001–02)
HMAS *Canberra* (1996–98) |
| Battles/wars |  |
| Awards | Member of the Order of Australia |


title: Golden Valley Four-Ball

abstract: The Golden Valley Four-Ball was a golf tournament played at Golden Valley Country Club in Golden Valley, Minnesota in 1943 and 1944. The 1943 event was a round-robin with 8 pairs played from September 3 to 6. One match was played on the first day and two on the other three days. Positions were determined by the net number of holes up or down over the seven rounds. The 1944 event followed a similar format and was played from July 6 to 9.

text:
# Golden Valley Four-Ball

The **Golden Valley Four-Ball** was a golf tournament played at Golden Valley Country Club in Golden Valley, Minnesota in 1943 and 1944. The 1943 event was a round-robin with 8 pairs played from September 3 to 6. One match was played on the first day and two on the other three days. Positions were determined by the net number of holes up or down over the seven rounds. The 1944 event followed a similar format and was played from July 6 to 9.

## Winners

| Year | Player | Country | Score | Margin
of victory | Runners-up | Winner's
share () | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1944 | Byron Nelson and
Jug McSpaden | United States
United States | +13 | 3 points | Bob Hamilton
Bill Kaiser | 800
(each) |  |
| 1943 | Jimmy Demaret and
Craig Wood | United States
United States | +12 | 3 points | Byron Nelson
Jug McSpaden | 600
(each) |  |


title: Gilbert Gabriel

abstract: Gilbert Alexander Gabriel is a songwriter, film composer, producer and lecturer. He studied piano and clarinet at Dartington College of Arts and Goldsmiths before forming the British folk rock trio The Dream Academy, whose 1985 single "Life in a Northern Town" was a global hit, peaking within the top ten of the charts in Australia and the United States. Since then he has been writing and producing music for film and television in the United Kingdom and Poland. He has also lectured on 'film and the soundtrack' in Cambridge as well as Liverpool and Cardiff University.

text:
# Gilbert Gabriel

**Gilbert Alexander Gabriel** (born 16 November 1956) is a songwriter, film composer, producer and lecturer. He studied piano and clarinet at Dartington College of Arts and Goldsmiths before forming the British folk rock trio The Dream Academy, whose 1985 single "Life in a Northern Town" was a global hit, peaking within the top ten of the charts in Australia and the United States.

Since then he has been writing and producing music for film and television in the United Kingdom and Poland. He has also lectured on 'film and the soundtrack' in Cambridge as well as Liverpool and Cardiff University.

## InfoBox

| Gilbert Gabriel | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Gilbert Alexander Gabriel |
| Born | (1956-11-16) 16 November 1956 |
| Occupations | Songwriter, film composer, producer, lecturer |
| Formerly of | The Dream Academy |


title: Phillip DeVillier

abstract: Phillip Ryan DeVillier is a Republican member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for District 41 in Acadia, Evangeline, and St. Landry parishes in south Louisiana and also currently serving as Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representatives. On January 11, 2016, DeVillier succeeded term-limited Democratic Representative Mickey Guillory. In the October 24, 2015 primary election, DeVillier led a three-candidate field with 6,308 votes. He defeated another Republican, former Representative Gregory L. Fruge, who polled 3,036 votes, and Democrat Germaine Simpson, who finished with 1,956 votes. DeVillier was brought up in Eunice, Louisiana. He owns DeVillier House Movers in St. Landry Parish. He and his wife have three children.

text:
# Phillip DeVillier

**Phillip Ryan DeVillier** (born June 1976) is a Republican member of the Louisiana House of Representatives for District 41 in Acadia, Evangeline, and St. Landry parishes in south Louisiana and also currently serving as Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representatives. On January 11, 2016, DeVillier succeeded term-limited Democratic Representative Mickey Guillory.

In the October 24, 2015 primary election, DeVillier led a three-candidate field with 6,308 votes (55.8 percent). He defeated another Republican, former Representative Gregory L. Fruge, who polled 3,036 votes (26.9 percent), and Democrat Germaine Simpson, who finished with 1,956 votes (17.3 percent).

DeVillier was brought up in Eunice, Louisiana. He owns DeVillier House Movers in St. Landry Parish. He and his wife have three children.

## InfoBox

| Phillip DeVillier | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Speaker of the Louisiana House of Representatives | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
January 8, 2024 | |
| Preceded by | Clay Schexnayder |
| Member of the Louisiana House of Representatives
from the 41st district | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
January 11, 2016 | |
| Preceded by | Mickey Guillory |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Phillip Ryan DeVillier
June 1976 (age 48) |
| Political party | Republican |
| Children | 3 |
| Education | Louisiana State University (BS) |
|  | |


title: William Henry (missionary)

abstract: William Henry (1770–1859) was an Irish missionary for the London Missionary Society.

text:
# William Henry (missionary)

**William Henry** (1770–1859) was an Irish missionary for the London Missionary Society.

## Early life

William Henry was born in Sligo, Ireland in 1770, the son of George and Sarah Henry. He trained as a carpenter and joiner and worked in the Sligo shipyards. As a young man, he joined in the persecution of itinerant Methodist preachers but in 1791 was converted and joined the Calvinistic Methodist group known as the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion. They arranged for Henry's tuition under John Walker, Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin.

The Connexion supported the London Missionary Society, founded in 1795 by Thomas Haweis, chaplain to the Countess. The Society purchased the ship *Duff* and dispatched 30 missionaries to the South Seas in August 1796. All were tradesmen. There were six married missionaries with their families, among them William Henry and his wife Sarah.

## Tahiti

Within a year of arrival, the missionaries became concerned for their safety and left with their families for Sydney where they arrived in May 1798. With James Fleet Cover, William Henry established an itinerant mission based in Parramatta and in 1798-99 preached in the north-western districts of Sydney; Henry's congregation at Kissing Point developed into the congregation of St Anne's.

Henry and his family returned to Tahiti in October 1799 to continue his missionary work. Following a rebellion in late 1808 and the destruction of their homes, seven missionaries and their families again went back to Sydney, where they arrived in the Hibernia in February 1810. Among them was Henry with his wife and three children. He returned to the Kissing Point district where he preached and taught. After a year Henry returned to Tahiti, this time bearing Lachlan Macquarie's appointment as "magistrate for the Pacific Islands". His wife, Sarah, died at Tahiti in July 1812.

Henry went back to Australia. He returned to Tahiti with a new bride, Ann, who retained close contact with her family at Kissing Point. Henry reported regularly to London and maintained contacts with Samuel Marsden at Parramatta who was from 1812 a foreign director of the London Missionary Society. He corresponded with former missionaries including Rowland Hassall, and other colonial clergymen such as John Dunmore Lang.

William Henry served as a missionary in Tahiti and nearby islands for 50 years. When he retired in 1847, he was the longest serving and only survivor of the first band of missionaries to the Pacific. Henry had helped baptise King Pōmare II, resulting in great influence for the missionaries within Tahitian society. As a teacher, he compiled a Tahitian grammar and observed Polynesian customs and culture. As pastor, he participated in the moral, social and civic life of the Tahitian people.

Alarmed by the behaviour of the children of several of the first missionaries, the London Missionary Society decided in 1839 to retire the older men, including William Henry. In October 1842 Henry, his wife and his younger children sailed to Sydney on the *Sarah Ann*, arriving in December 1842.

## Building *The Retreat*

In January 1843 Henry wrote to the London Missionary Society about his plans to retire and settle at Kissing Point. He asked for a grant of A£200 for building. The Society refused, indicating that a retirement allowance would be made for him and if this was insufficient for his "indispensable wants" they would then consider another request. The Society's letter concluded: We rejoice to perceive that in the retreat you have selected for your declining years, you will not be without opportunities for making known the preciousness of a Saviour's love.

On 24 October 1843 James Shepherd "being desirous of making some provision" for his daughter, Ann Henry, gave her one acre of land, part of James Squire's 30 acre grant, bounded on the east by James Stewart's grant and on the south by the public road to Parramatta. Shepherd appointed Joseph Smith, a coffee planter in Tahiti and her son-in-law, as Ann's trustee. Smith, his wife Elizabeth and her sister Ann, settled in Hawaii, where Smith held a government position.

"The Retreat" homestead was probably built in 1843. The deed of gift specified "in consideration of the premises and of ten shillings" and transferred the land and "the message thereon erected". William Henry, though trained as a carpenter, was an elderly man but one of his (stepsons) sons, James Shepherd Henry (born 1820), was a builder. Ann's brother Isaac Shepherd was apparently also its builder. Isaac owned the adjoining one acre portion which was given to him by his father in 1833. Isaac probably provided the stone for "The Retreat" from his quarry. Stone from James Shepherd Sr.'s nearby quarry had been used to build St Anne's Church in 1826, Addington in the 1830s and Hellenie in 1840.

## Return to Tahiti

Henry and his family did not settle down at Kissing Point. In late 1844 he returned to Tahiti "with his family of three idle sons and as many daughters." The resident missionary refused to let his daughters visit the Henry home and Isaac and Daniel Henry were charged with defamation following another clash with him. These personal conflicts were further confused by the political situation and William and Ann Henry's friendship with the French who had declared Tahiti a French protectorate in 1842. The directors of the London Missionary Society, as well as the resident missionaries, were anxious to remove the Henry family from the islands but recognised that they were only "punishing a parent for the errors of his child. Mr Henry...has pained his mind. He declines removing, in consequence of his health."

In 1847 Henry, aged 77, celebrated his jubilee as a missionary.

## Last years

In April 1847 James Shepherd died at Kissing Point, leaving property for his daughter, Ann, and her children. William and Ann Henry, with four of their ten children, returned to Sydney in February 1848 and settled at their "Retreat". Here, at last, the family achieved a quiet respectability denied them in their pioneering years in the Pacific. Financial difficulties did not disappear. Ann and her two youngest daughters, Sophia and Henrietta, had inherited from James Shepherd a block of land in George Street, Sydney. Regular mortgages on this land, the first for A£700 in June 1857, provided capital until Sophia died unmarried in 1904. "The Retreat" was mortgaged in December 1858 for A£200 and repaid in full two years later.

William Henry continued to preach at St. Anne's and acted as school master until his death at Ryde aged 89 in April 1859, his body erect, his voice strong and his conversation animated to the last. His obituary in *The Sydney Morning Herald* declared him "a pioneer of civilisation and commerce as a teacher of the Christian faith, he maintained an unblemished reputation through all the trials of his long public life. The children of the southern islands ... will pay their homage to the memory of one who devoted his life to their welfare."

He was buried in St Anne's cemetery, not far from where he had preached the first service in the district 61 years earlier.

## Family

Henry's family life affected his reputation. He married, firstly, Sarah, in Sligo in October 1794. Their child, Sarah, was the first child born after the missionaries arrived at Tahiti in May 1797. The fourth child, William Ebenezer, was born in Australia, in December 1810 in "the house appointed for a school and chapel in the district called Eastern Farms or Kissing Point". Sarah the daughter married William Bland in 1817, but the marriage was not happy.

After Sarah's death in 1812, and leaving his children in Tahiti, Henry returned to Sydney in 1813 seeking a second wife. He chose Ann Shepherd, the 16-year-old daughter of his friend, James Shepherd of Kissing Point. William and Ann were married by the Reverend Samuel Marsden at Parramatta on 1 June 1813. Henry's conduct shocked some. The first of their ten children was born on the island of Mo'orea (Eimeo) in August 1814. Both of Ann'a brothers visited her in Tahiti. James Shepherd joined them on the island of Mo'orea, in 1816, then joined the Church Missionary Society and became a missionary, in New Zealand. Isaac Shepherd came to Tahiti in 1818 with John Gyles, a missionary who had been sent to establish sugar cultivation and a mill on the island. They worked on the project for a year without success and Isaac returned to Sydney in late 1819. The Henry children were sent to Sydney for brief periods, the boys to serve apprenticeships and the girls to improve their "education, needlework and house keeping". Some of the children lived with other missionary families in Sydney. Five year old Josiah, their fifth child, was sent to live with his grandfather Shepherd at Kissing Point in 1827. Joseph Smith the coffee planter in 1835 married Elizabeth Henry (born 1816).

In the eyes of his colleagues in Tahiti and in Sydney, Henry's missionary achievements were overshadowed by the behaviour of the children of both his marriages. Brought up as Tahitian, speaking Tahitian as their first language, they mixed freely with native children, adopting their sexual and social habits, such as tattooing. The Henry children were regarded as social outcasts, the despair of missionary families in the islands and in Sydney where they were sent to learn European ways, accusations of drunkenness, idolatry and promiscuity filled reports to London. Several of the Henry boys turned to trade running guns, liquor, sandalwood and supplies around the islands. The exploits of Captain Samuel Pinder Henry, a son of Henry's first marriage, and Captain George Henry, eldest son of Ann's ten children, became part of the Pacific sea-farers' folklore.

Attribution

This Wikipedia article was originally based on Retreat, The, entry number 00506 in the New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) 2018 under CC-BY 4.0 licence, accessed on 1 June 2018.


title: Rainer Kumm

abstract: Rainer Kumm was a German rugby player, who played fly-half for the German national team as well as the German Sevens team, a team he captained in the late 1990s. Kumm was a member of the German national team which toured Canada in 1988 and later competed in the erstwhile FIRA Tournaments. He was also part of the Germany sevens squads, which won the Bowl final of the 1990 Hong Kong Sevens, reached the Plate Final of the 1997 Punta Del Este Sevens, won the Bowl Final of the 1997 Paris Sevens, and contested the Bowl Final of the 2000 IRB Sevens World Series tournament in Punta del Este. He played club rugby for TSV Victoria Linden in Hanover, with whom he won the German Championship in 1987, 1989, 1993, 1994 and 1996, and contested further finals in 1991, 1995, 1997, 1998 and 2000. Kumm also captained Victoria Linden to the German Sevens Championship in 2000. After Kumm's retirement he took over from Gerhard Barthel as coach of the Germany national sevens team.

text:
# Rainer Kumm

**Rainer Kumm** was a German rugby player, who played fly-half for the German national team as well as the German Sevens team, a team he captained in the late 1990s.

Kumm was a member of the German national team which toured Canada in 1988 and later competed in the erstwhile FIRA Tournaments. He was also part of the Germany sevens squads, which won the Bowl final of the 1990 Hong Kong Sevens, reached the Plate Final of the 1997 Punta Del Este Sevens, won the Bowl Final of the 1997 Paris Sevens, and contested the Bowl Final of the 2000 IRB Sevens World Series tournament in Punta del Este.

He played club rugby for TSV Victoria Linden in Hanover, with whom he won the German Championship in 1987, 1989, 1993, 1994 and 1996, and contested further finals in 1991, 1995, 1997, 1998 and 2000. Kumm also captained Victoria Linden to the German Sevens Championship in 2000.

After Kumm's retirement he took over from Gerhard Barthel as coach of the Germany national sevens team.

## InfoBox

Rainer Kumm
| Birth name | Rainer Kumm |
| --- | --- |
| Place of birth | Hanover, Germany |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** Fly-half  Amateur team(s)  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1986–2000 TSV Victoria Linden   ()  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1989–1996 Germany / West Germany    National sevens team  **Years** **Team**  **Comps**  1990–2000 Germany | |


abstract: The Nigeria – São Tomé and Príncipe Joint Development Authority is an organization established in 2001 by treaty between Nigeria and São Tomé and Príncipe to regulate a joint Development Zone along the two countries maritime border in the Bight of Bonny.

text:
# Nigeria–São Tomé and Príncipe Joint Development Authority

The **Nigeria – São Tomé and Príncipe Joint Development Authority** is an organization established in 2001 by treaty between Nigeria and São Tomé and Príncipe to regulate a joint Development Zone along the two countries maritime border in the Bight of Bonny .

## Background

The Nigeria–São Tomé and Príncipe Joint Development Authority (NSTPJDA) is an organization established in 2001 by treaty that regulates the two countries' Joint Development Zone in the Bight of Bonny, along the maritime Nigeria–São Tomé and Príncipe border.

The Joint Development Zone is an area speculated to be rich in oil and gas reserves. Because neither country could have explored the resources in the zone without interfering with the maritime territory of the other country, the countries agreed in a treaty to create a joint development authority which would assist both countries in benefitting from the economic potential of the zone.

The *Treaty between the Federal Republic of Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe on the Joint Development of Petroleum and other Resources, in respect of Areas of the Exclusive Economic Zone of the Two States* was signed in Abuja on 21 February 2001. The Joint Development Authority head office is located in Abuja, Nigeria, whose bill for the development of the building in 2013 was inflated.

In 2015, Nigeria considered pulling out of the joint venture, saying it had paid the bills for the last 5 years and the expected 100 million US$/year were not materializing. Sao Tome and Principe had changed interests of the joint venture to fishing, since oil prospects were dim.

As of 2016, the JDA had a budget of around US$12 million per year and there were allegations of financial irregularities. Since 2004, it had not organised a licensing round.

As of 2018 the Nigeria-Sao Tome Joint Development Authority had funding problems and could not pay staff for months, "despite raking in a total of $300 million in signature bonuses from exploration and exploitation of natural resources in 2001".

In 2019, the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative International Secretariat requested "reconciliation of revenues and disclosure of contextual information" which it had already asked for in 2015/2016.


title: Gomorra (EP)

abstract: Gomorra is an EP written and recorded by German electro-industrial musician Wumpscut.

text:
# Gomorra (EP)

***Gomorra*** is an EP written and recorded by German electro-industrial musician Wumpscut.

## Track listing

1. "Untermensch (Adored Version)" - 4:27
2. "In the Night (Full Range Track)" - 5:16
3. "Crucified Division (Desert Mixx)" - 3:57
4. "Turns Off Pain (Recommended Version)" - 6:04
5. "Untitled" - 0:33

## InfoBox

| Gomorra | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Wumpscut | |
| Released | 1994 |
| Recorded | 1994 |
| Genre | Electro-Industrial |
| Length | 20:17 |
| Label | Metropolis |
| Wumpscut chronology | |
| *Smell the Disgusting Sweet Taste of Dried Blood*
(1994) ***Gomorra***
(1994) *Deejaydead*
(1997) | |


title: One for You, One for Me

abstract: "One for You, One for Me" is a song by the Italian disco duo La Bionda from their 1978 album La Bionda. It was written by Carmelo La Bionda, Michelangelo La Bionda and Richard Palmer-James. Most notably, it is used as the ending song for the 2024 film The Brutalist.

text:
# One for You, One for Me

"**One for You, One for Me**" is a song by the Italian disco duo La Bionda from their 1978 album *La Bionda*. It was written by Carmelo La Bionda, Michelangelo La Bionda and Richard Palmer-James. Most notably, it is used as the ending song for the 2024 film *The Brutalist*.

## Track listing and formats

* **German 7-inch single**

A. "One for You, One for Me" – 3:04 B. "There for Me" – 3:22

## Credits and personnel

* Carmelo La Bionda – songwriter, vocals
* Michelangelo La Bionda – songwriter, vocals
* Richard Palmer-James – songwriter
* Harry Thumann – engineering
* Matthias Härtl – engineering
* Charly Ricanek – arranger

Credits and personnel adapted from the *La Bionda* album and 7-inch single liner notes.

## Charts

## InfoBox

| "One for You, One for Me" | |
| --- | --- |
| German vinyl single picture sleeve | |
| Single by La Bionda | |
| from the album  *La Bionda* | |
| B-side | "There for Me" |
| Released | 1978 |
| Genre | Disco |
| Length | 3:04 |
| Label | Baby |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Baby Records |
| La Bionda singles chronology | |
| "Baby Make Love"
(1978) "**One for You, One for Me**"
(1978) "Sandstorm"
(1978) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "One for You, One for Me" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Giulio Claro

abstract: Giulio Claro or Clarus was an Italian Renaissance jurist and public official.

text:
# Giulio Claro

**Giulio Claro** or **Clarus** (Italian: \[ˈdʒuːljo ˈklaːro\]; 6 January 1525 – 13 April 1575) was an Italian Renaissance jurist and public official.

## Life

Giulio Claro was born in Alessandria of a noble family. He studied at Pavia under Andrea Alciato, and took his doctor's degree in 1550.

After receiving his doctorate, Claro was appointed a Milanese Senator by Philip II in 1536, a royal pretor in Cremona in 1560/61, president of the Milanese *Magistrato straordinario delle entrate* in 1563 and regent of the Consejo d'Italia in Madrid in 1565.

## Work

Claro's work, together with that of Deciani and Farinacci, provided the theoretical foundation for the common criminal law of Europe. That common law held sway until it was attacked by Enlightenment legal critics such as Feuerbach and replaced by national penal codes in the 19th century.

Claro's principal work is the *Liber V. Sententiarum*, the fifth volume of his legal encyclopedia *Sententia receptae*. Dedicated to criminal law, it was reprinted as part of the *Julii Clari Opera omnia* as late as 1737.

## Editions

* *Sententiae receptae* (in Latin). Lyon: Horace Boissat & George Remeus. 1661.

1. Mazzacane 1982.

## Bibliography

## InfoBox

| DoctorGiulio Claro | |
| --- | --- |
| *Sententiae receptae*, 1661 edition | |
| Born | (1525-01-06)January 6, 1525
Alessandria, Duchy of Milan |
| Died | 13 April 1575(1575-04-13) (aged 50)
Cartagena, Spain |
| Nationality | Italian |
| Occupations | * Jurist * Public official |
| Parent(s) | Giovanni Luigi Claro and Ippolita Claro (née Gambaruti) |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater |  |
| Influences |  |
| Academic work | |
| Discipline | Criminologist, legal theorist, magistrate |
| School or tradition | Mos italicus iura docendi |
| Influenced | Virtually every area of criminal law in Western civil law countries under the *Ancien Régime*, notably Farinacci, Carpzov, Spee, Beccaria |
|  | |


title: Ithikkara Pakki

abstract: Ithikkara Pakki was an Indian outlaw who lived in the Travancore Kingdom in the 19th century. He is said to have plundered from the rich and distributed to the poor. Pakki, whose real name was Muhammad Abdul Khader, hails from Ithikkara village. He is said to have moved as swiftly as a bird or butterfly, meaning Pakki in Malayalam, hence he was known by the name Ithikkara Pakki. Legends on him are part of the folklore of Kerala where he is represented as a heroic outlaw. Stories about him often include his friend and fellow bandit Kayamkulam Kochunni. Ithikkara Pakki is depicted in various films, television and literature.

text:
# Ithikkara Pakki

**Ithikkara Pakki** (or **Ithikkara Pakky** / **Ethikkara Pakki** / **Ethikkara Pakky**) was an Indian outlaw who lived in the Travancore Kingdom in the 19th century. He is said to have plundered from the rich and distributed to the poor. Pakki, whose real name was Muhammad Abdul Khader, hails from Ithikkara village. He is said to have moved as swiftly as a bird or butterfly, meaning *Pakki* in Malayalam, hence he was known by the name Ithikkara Pakki.

Legends on him are part of the folklore of Kerala where he is represented as a heroic outlaw. Stories about him often include his friend and fellow bandit Kayamkulam Kochunni. Ithikkara Pakki is depicted in various films, television and literature.

## History

Pakki was born to a fisherman, in Umayanalloor, Kollam in Kingdom of Travancore (present-day Kerala), British India. He was raised in Ithikkara village on the shore of Ithikkara River. He was skilled in water sports from childhood and is said to have saved many from drowning. Pakki began stealing due to the prevailing social structure, as the country was under British rule. Farmers and the lower class were treated poorly. They were discriminated against, denied rightful wages and paid high taxes, levied by the landlords and ruling officials. Pakki stole from them and gave to the poor. It is said that the police never captured him. Pakki died of cancer at age 45. His remains were buried at the Kottumpuram Juma Masjid in Mylakkadu, Kollam district.

## Pop culture

## InfoBox

| Ithikkara Pakki | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Muhammad Abdul Khader<br>Umayanalloor, Kollam, Kingdom of Travancore, British India |
| Died | At age 45 |
| Resting place | Kottumpuram Juma Masjid, Mylakkadu, Kollam district |
| Occupations | * Brigand * highwayman |
| Known for | Stealing from the rich and giving to the poor |


title: Phaeomolis bertrandi

abstract: Phaeomolis bertrandi is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Hervé de Toulgoët in 1982. It is found in Brazil.

text:
# Phaeomolis bertrandi

***Phaeomolis bertrandi*** is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Hervé de Toulgoët in 1982. It is found in Brazil.

## InfoBox

| *Phaeomolis bertrandi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Genus: | *Phaeomolis* |
| Species: | ***P. bertrandi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Phaeomolis bertrandi***<br>Toulgoët, 1982 | |
|


title: Raincoat in the River

abstract: Raincoat in the River is a live album by bassist and composer William Parker's Little Huey Creative Music Orchestra, which was recorded in Boston in 2001 and released on the Eremite label.

text:
# Raincoat in the River

***Raincoat in the River*** is a live album by bassist and composer William Parker's Little Huey Creative Music Orchestra, which was recorded in Boston in 2001 and released on the Eremite label.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* |  |

The AllMusic awarded the album 3½ stars.

## Track listing

*All compositions by William Parker*

1. "Five Rivers into One Teardrop I: Meditation for Two Voices" – 9:47
2. "Five Rivers into One Teardrop II: Mountain/Maintain" – 10:00
3. "Five Rivers into One Teardrop III: Anast Crossing the Lake of Light" – 9:52
4. "Five Rivers into One Teardrop IV: Raincoat in the River" – 19:41
5. "Five Rivers into One Teardrop V: Painter's Celebration" – 9:58

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Raincoat in the River | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by William Parker & the Little Huey Creative Music Orchestra | |
| Released | 2002 |
| Recorded | February 23, 2001 |
| Venue | ICA Theater, Boston, MA |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 59:18 |
| Label | Eremite
MTE-36 |
| Producer | Michael Ehlers |
| William Parker chronology | |
| *Bob's Pink Cadillac*
(2001) ***Raincoat in the River***
(2002) *Raining on the Moon*
(2002) | |


title: Radio 5 (Spanish radio station)

abstract: Radio 5 is a Spanish free-to-air radio station owned and operated by Radio Nacional de España (RNE), the radio division of state-owned public broadcaster Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE). It is the corporation's all-news radio station, and is known for its 24-hour rolling news service and its live coverage of breaking news. It was launched in 1 January 1989 as the first 24-hour rolling radio news service in Spain. It was known as "Radio 5 Todo Noticias" (1994–99) and "Radio 5 Información" (2012–13). It is the only nationwide rolling news radio service in Spain. Its headquarters and main production center is in Casa de la Radio at Prado del Rey in Pozuelo de Alarcón. Although almost all its programming is in Spanish and is the same for all of Spain, RNE has territorial centers in every autonomous community and produces and broadcasts some local news bulletins in regional variations in each of them in the corresponding co-official language.

text:
# Radio 5 (Spanish radio station)

**Radio 5** is a Spanish free-to-air radio station owned and operated by Radio Nacional de España (RNE), the radio division of state-owned public broadcaster Radiotelevisión Española (RTVE). It is the corporation's all-news radio station, and is known for its 24-hour rolling news service and its live coverage of breaking news.

It was launched in 1 January 1989 as the first 24-hour rolling radio news service in Spain. It was known as "Radio 5 Todo Noticias" (1994–99) and "Radio 5 Información" (2012–13). It is the only nationwide rolling news radio service in Spain.

Its headquarters and main production center is in Casa de la Radio at Prado del Rey in Pozuelo de Alarcón. Although almost all its programming is in Spanish and is the same for all of Spain, RNE has territorial centers in every autonomous community and produces and broadcasts some local news bulletins in regional variations in each of them in the corresponding co-official language.

## History

It began broadcasting on 1 January 1989, following a reorganization of public radio services that took place after the dissolution of Radiocadena Española, and in its early years it included both conventional and local entertainment programming. In 1994, when Jesús Vivanco was director of the station, it adopted the format of a news radio station specializing in public service and current affairs under the name Radio 5 Todo Noticias.

From a June-2016 survey, Radio 5 received 289,000 listeners daily. According to EGM Radio 5, in June 2019 it had 238,000 daily listeners.

## Directors

* Jesús Vivanco
* Gabriel Sánchez Rodríguez
* Juan Izquierdo
* Juan Carlos Morales
* Pedro Roncal
* Remedios Villa
* María Luisa Moreno de Viana Cárdenas
* Pedro Carreño
* José María Forte
* Fernando Martín (current)

## Selected frequencies

| City | AM (kHz) | FM (MHz) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| A Coruña | 558 | 95.8 |
| Alicante | 936 | 103.6 |
| Badajoz | 1125 | 99.5 |
| Barcelona | 576 | 99.0 |
| Bilbao | 1305 | 96.3 |
| Córdoba | 531 | 99.8 |
| Las Palmas | 747 | 88.6 |
| Logroño | 1107 | 103.3 |
| Madrid | 657 | 90.3 |
| Málaga | 1152 | 92.5 |
| Murcia | 567 | 92.1 |
| Oviedo | 531 | 99.6 |
| Palma de Mallorca | 909 | 104.5 |
| Pamplona | 531 | 95.7 |
| Santander | 1107 | 105.0 |
| Seville | 603 | 90.0 |
| Valencia | 558 | 88.2 |
| Valladolid | 936 | 95.1 |
| Vigo | 1413 | 96.0 |
| Vitoria-Gasteiz | 1125 | 89.4 |
| Zaragoza | 936 | 100.0 |

## Former logos

## InfoBox

Radio 5
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Broadcast area | Spain |
| Frequency | Spain (AM: various, FM: various, DAB, DVB-T)
Worldwide via Satellite |
| Programming | |
| Format | All news |
| Network | RNE |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | RTVE |
| Sister stations | Radio Nacional
Radio Clásica
Radio 3
Ràdio 4
Radio Exterior |
| History | |
| First air date | 1 January 1989 (1 January 1989) |
| Former names | Radio 5 Todo Noticias (1994–99)
Radio 5 Información (2012–13) |
| Links | |
| Website | Radio 5 |


title: Mengzhuang station

abstract: Mengzhuang is a metro station of Zhengzhou Metro Chengjiao line. Although having the same name, this station is not close to the Mengzhuang railway station, a closed railway station on Zhengzhou-Xinzheng Airport intercity railway.

text:
# Mengzhuang station

**Mengzhuang** (Chinese: 孟庄) is a metro station of Zhengzhou Metro Chengjiao line.

Although having the same name, this station is not close to the Mengzhuang railway station, a closed railway station on Zhengzhou-Xinzheng Airport intercity railway.

## Station layout

The station has two island platforms (four platform sides) and four tracks. The Platform 1 and 4 (southernmost and northernmost platforms) are for regular Chengjiao line services, while the Platform 2 and 3 are for back-to-depot or out-of-depot trains going to or from Mengzhuang depot. In rush hours on weekdays, platform 2 and 3 are also open for trains terminated at this station.

| **2F
Platforms** | Platform  **4** | Chengjiao line towards Liuzhuang (Hua'nancheng) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | Island platform | |
| | Platform  **3** | Chengjiao line towards Liuzhuang (Hua'nancheng)（In rush hours on weekdays） |
| | Platform  **2** | For arrival only（In rush hours on weekdays） |
| | Island platform | |
| | Platform  **1** | Chengjiao line towards Zhengzhou Hangkonggang Railway Station (Kangpinghu) |
| **G** | Concourse | Customer services, vending machines, exits |

## Exits

| Exit | | Destination |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Exit A | | Mengxiang Road (east side) |
| Exit B | | Mengxiang Road (east side) |

## InfoBox

| Mengzhuang
孟庄 | |
| --- | --- |
| Zhengzhou Metro rapid transit station | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Mengzhuang Town, Xinzheng, Zhengzhou
China |
| Coordinates | 34°35′13″N 113°48′44″E / 34.5870°N 113.8122°E / 34.5870; 113.8122 |
| Operated by | Zhengzhou Metro |
| Line(s) |  |
| Platforms | 4 (2 island platforms) |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Elevated |
| Other information | |
| Station code | 244 |
| History | |
| Opened | 12 January 2017 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Zhengzhou Metro Following station  Hua'nanchengtowards Jiahe  Chengjiao linethrough services via Line 2  Gangqu Beitowards Zhengzhou Hangkonggang Railway Station | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  MengzhuangLocation of the station in Zhengzhou | |


title: Nigerian reggae

text:
# Nigerian reggae

## Background

**Nigerian reggae** is a style of raggae-fusion that evolved in the late 1960s, and later became a major part of the music of Nigeria, especially after the rise of singer Majek Fashek. Fashek was part of the long-running band *‘Jah Stix*', along with Ras Kimono and Amos McRoy.

One of the notable musicians from this genre is Daniel Wilson (AKA Mr. Ragamuffinwik) who introduced his brand of ragamuffin music to Nigeria. Daniel Wilson dazzled the Nigerian music scene with hits like Mr.Ragamuffin and Original Bad Boy. Other musicians include Jerri Jheto, Daddy Showkey, Ras Kimono, Rymzo, De king, the high school band of Victor Eshiet and Peggy Umanna, The Mandators, and the London-based MC Afrikan Simba. These pioneers of Reggae music include big names like Orits Williki, Peterside Ottong, Andy Shoreman, Alex Zitto, Evelyn Ogoli, Wale Man, Isaac Black, among others, paved the way for the new generation of home-grown reggae artists.

## Nigerian reggae music in the '80s

Reggae music was propelled into the mainstream Nigerians in the mid-eighties. During this period, radio stations were a viable medium for many recording artists and record label executives. In print and electronic media, the artists promoted a different kind of music to Nigerian demography. Some of these stations included Radio Nigeria 1 Ikoyi, Lagos, Radio Nigeria 2 Lagos on Martin Street, Lagos Island, and Radio Nigeria 3 Ikoyi, Lagos, in 1987. They began and frequently hit the airwaves with this new music genre that took Nigerians by storm.

Jah Stix disbanded in 1987, Fashek, rebranded from Raji Canal to Majek Fashek and was signed to Tabansi Records, where he began a solo career with the release of his debut album, Prisoner of Conscience and quickly became Nigeria’s top reggae artiste after the song "Send Down The Rain" became the most popular song of the year, and in 1989 he won six Performing Musicians Association of Nigeria awards for Song of the Year, Album of the Year, and Reggae Artist of the Year among others.

## Nigerian reggae music in the 2000s

As the years have progressed, so has the face of Reggae music in Nigeria. Contemporary artists are fusing styles like Hip hop, R&B, and Dance hall with Reggae. Blending styles that borrow influences from Reggae traditions; artists such as Buju Banton, Winning Jah and Benny Paladin expanded the definition of Nigerian-born Reggae artists, maintaining the trends of Reggae music. Global Nigerian artist Burna Boy's music has been influenced by Reggae music. In 2019, he released the song, "Different (featuring Damian Marley and Angelique Kidjo) on the album "African Giant".

## Connection to Jamaican roots

Similar to the political underpinnings of other popular Nigerian artists making music in the 1980's such as Fela Kuti, the Nigerian Reggae music scene was also political. Majek Fashek's music was highly political. Reggae music has its roots in spirituality, social, economic and political empowerment, Afrocentrism, and anti-colonial critique. Victor Essiet and The Mandators' music also discussed political topics in songs such as "Inflation", "Dem Belly Full(But We Hungry)", "Things Fall Apart", and "Politicians I and II". The Mandators' 1994 album "Power of the People: Nigerian Reggae" is composed entirely of songs with political underpinnings.

The trend of socially conscious music has been continued by artists such as Daddy Showkey, who vocally criticized the Nigerian government in his song “Fire Fire”. The song became something close to a national anthem at the time. He has continued to be an activist for social reform and a loud voice in organising anti-government protests. Burna Boy's music also tackles the symptoms of Nigeria’s dysfunction such as the embezzlement by the political class and police brutality.