title: Westhay Moor

abstract: Westhay Moor is a 513.7-hectare (1,269-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) north-east of Westhay village and 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from Wedmore in Somerset, England, notified in 1971. Westhay Moor is also notified as part of the Somerset Levels and Moors Special Protection Area under the EU Birds Directive and as a Ramsar site, and a National Nature Reserve. The low-lying swampy area of Westhay Moor has had peat laid down over older rocks for the last 10,000 years. The Neolithic people lived on the areas of slightly higher ground but exploited the reed beds for materials and built wooden trackways to cross the raised bog. Peat extraction on the Somerset Levels has occurred since the area was first drained by the Romans. Measures to improve the drainage were carried out in the Middle Ages largely by Glastonbury Abbey. In the 17th and 18th centuries further drainage work was undertaken including digging a series of rhynes, or ditches and larger drainage canals. Peat extraction peaked in the 1960s but has since declined. The geology of the moor and prolonged peat extraction has provided a unique environment which provides a habitat for a range of flora and fauna. Much of the nature reserve managed by the Somerset Wildlife Trust is based around abandoned peatworkings which have now become flooded. It is particularly noted for the millions of starlings which roost at the site in winter.

text:
# Westhay Moor

**Westhay Moor** (sometimes, historically, referred to as **West Hay Moor**) is a 513.7-hectare (1,269-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) north-east of Westhay village and 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) from Wedmore in Somerset, England, notified in 1971. Westhay Moor is also notified as part of the Somerset Levels and Moors Special Protection Area under the EU Birds Directive and as a Ramsar site, and a National Nature Reserve.

The low-lying swampy area of Westhay Moor has had peat laid down over older rocks for the last 10,000 years. The Neolithic people lived on the areas of slightly higher ground but exploited the reed beds for materials and built wooden trackways to cross the raised bog. Peat extraction on the Somerset Levels has occurred since the area was first drained by the Romans. Measures to improve the drainage were carried out in the Middle Ages largely by Glastonbury Abbey. In the 17th and 18th centuries further drainage work was undertaken including digging a series of rhynes, or ditches and larger drainage canals. Peat extraction peaked in the 1960s but has since declined.

The geology of the moor and prolonged peat extraction has provided a unique environment which provides a habitat for a range of flora and fauna. Much of the nature reserve managed by the Somerset Wildlife Trust is based around abandoned peatworkings which have now become flooded. It is particularly noted for the millions of starlings which roost at the site in winter.

## Location

Although underlain by much older Triassic age formations that protrude to form what would once have been islands—such as Athelney, Brent Knoll, Burrow Mump and Glastonbury Tor, which is composed of Blue Lias, the lowland landscape was formed only during the last 10,000 years, following the end of the last ice age. As the sea level changed following the Pliocene era, vegetation was laid down which was later converted into peat. The peak of the peat formation took place in swamp conditions around 6,000 years ago, although in some areas it continued into medieval times.

Westhay Moor forms part of the Somerset Levels and Moors which is important for its grazing and ditch system, and is crossed by the River Brue and Galton's Canal. Over much of the moor, the water table is high throughout the year with extensive winter flooding occurring regularly. The level of the water tables can be artificially lowered during active working of the peat excavations, but for much of the year these are often filled with water.

## History

Westhay Moor originally lay at the centre of the most northerly of the two lowland raised bogs that formed in the lower Brue Valley. They reached their greatest extent at the end of the Iron Age. The Neolithic people exploited the reedswamps for their natural resources and started to construct wooden trackways such as the Sweet and Post Tracks. The Sweet Track, named after the peat digger who discovered it in 1970 and dating from the 3800s BCE, is the world's oldest timber trackway, once thought to be the world's oldest engineered roadway. The track was built between what was in the early 4th millennium BCE an island at Westhay and a ridge of high ground at Shapwick, close to the River Brue. The remains of similar tracks have been uncovered nearby, connecting settlements on the peat bog including the Honeygore, Abbotts Way, Bells, Bakers, Westhay and Nidons trackways. The archaeology, history and geology of the Somerset Levels was displayed at the Peat Moors Centre until its closure in 2009. The centre also included reconstructions of some of the archaeological discoveries, including a number of Iron Age round houses from Glastonbury Lake Village, and the Sweet Track.

The eastern part of the moor was covered by Meare Pool which was formed by water ponding-up behind the raised peat bogs between the Wedmore and the Polden Hills, and coring has shown that it is filled with at least 2 metres (6.6 ft) of detritus mud, mainly dating from the Subatlantic climatic period (1st millennium BC). In prehistoric times there were two Meare Lake Villages situated within the lake, occupied at different times between 300 BCE and 100 CE, similar to the nearby Glastonbury Lake Village.

Early drainage work was carried out in the later years of the 12th century, with the responsibility for maintaining all the watercourses between Glastonbury and the sea being placed on named individuals among whom were Ralph de Sancta Barbara of Brentmarsh. Drainage of the surrounding area by monks of Glastonbury Abbey had reduced the size of the lake to 500 acres (200 ha) at the time of the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Meare Pool had disappeared from maps by 1749. The Meare Pool originally collected the waters of the rivers Brue and Sheppey, and discharged in a northerly direction into the Lower River Axe. In the later years of the 12th century the abbey diverted the Brue to flow westwards, perhaps largely through natural channels, from Meare Pool to join the river Parrett.

In the early 17th century plans were made to drain and enclose much of Sedgemoor. Further reclamation was carried out in stages between about 1620 and 1740, with the "new Cutts" (or Decoy Rhyne) being built about 1660. The rivers Sheppey and Hartlake were canalised into the River James Wear and Division Rhyne sometime in the late 1730s. In 1795, John Billingsley advocated enclosure and the digging of rhynes (a local name for drainage channels, pronounced "reens" in the east and rhyne to the west) between plots, and wrote in his *Agriculture of the County of Somerset* that 18 square kilometres (4,400 acres) had been enclosed in the last 20 years in Wedmore and Meare, 1.4 square kilometres (350 acres) at Nyland, 3.64 square kilometres (900 acres) at Blackford, 8 square kilometres (2,000 acres) at Mark, 0.4 square kilometres (100 acres) in Shapwick, and 7 square kilometres (1,700 acres) at Westhay.

In the 1810s Samuel Galton Jr. showed that bogs could be drained and dressed with clay and other soil, and built Galton's Canal. The character of the soil was also changed by the spreading of clay and silt from the digging of King's Sedgemoor Drain. Galton's Canal was a 2.2-kilometre (1.4 mi) canal with one lock, connecting the River Brue to the North Drain. It was operational by 1822, and ceased to be used after the 1850s. The land is drained by a series of rhynes, or ditches with water levels (and hence the level of the water table) being controlled by a system of sluice gates and pumps. The water resource management operations are managed by the Somerset internal drainage board.

In the early 18th century several duck decoys were built on the moor. These consisted of a pool of water leading from which are from one to eight curving, tapering ditches. Over each ditch is a series of hoops, initially made from wood, later from iron, which diminish in size as the ditch tapers. The hoops are covered in netting. The combination of ditch and net-covered hoops is known as a pipe.

### Peat extraction

Large areas of peat were laid down on the Somerset Levels, particularly in the River Brue Valley, during the Quaternary period after the ice sheets melted. Peat extraction on the Somerset Levels has occurred since the area was first drained by the Romans. The raised bogs were extensively dug for peat for use as fuel up until the end of World War II after which the primary market was for horticulture. Large parts of Westhay Moor have now been dug back to the underlying clay exposing estuarine deposits dating from about 6000 BP before isolation from the sea and peat formation began. The introduction of plastic packaging in the 1950s allowed the peat to be packed without rotting, which led to the industrialisation of peat extraction during the 1960s as a major market in horticultural peat was developed. However, the resultant reduction in water levels that resulted put local ecosystems at risk; peat wastage in pasture fields was occurring at rates of 0.3–0.9 metres (1–3 ft) over 100 years.

In 1970 the Somerset Wildlife Trust bought the first part of the last 12 hectares (30 acres) of acid raised bog vegetation left on the Somerset Moors undamaged by peat digging or agriculture. Since then SWT have bought or been given 100-hectare (250-acre) of former peatworkings. These were sculpted and restored to wetland as the experimental area for the Avalon Marshes. This was the term given in the late 1980s to describe the wetland restored from peat workings in the Brue Valley. The wetland on the clay is dominated by *Phragmites* reed, catstail and open water. The wetland restoration has been a great success and was declared a National Nature Reserve in 1995. Peat working is now beginning to draw to a close on Westhay Moor and the majority of the remaining peatworkings are now being restored to wetland as they are completed. In 2014 two land owners unsuccessfully appealed against changes in planning permission which removed their rights to dig peat from Westhay Moor.

## Ecology

Westhay Moor supports a nationally outstanding community of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrates. At least 28 nationally notable invertebrate species also occur on the moor. The meadows, ditches, abandoned peat workings and hedgerows provide suitable breeding habitats for a diverse and nationally important breeding bird community.

It is part of the Brue Valley Living Landscape conservation project. The project commenced in January 2009 and aims to restore, recreate and reconnect habitats; joining together protected areas into a network to enable plant and animal movement. It aims to ensure that wildlife is enhanced and capable of sustaining itself in the face of climate change while guaranteeing farmers and other landowners can continue to use their land profitably. It is one of an increasing number of landscape scale conservation projects in the UK.

Part of the moor has been designated as a nature reserve, covering 106 hectares (261 acres), which is managed by the Somerset Wildlife Trust. In addition to open water and reedbeds, it contains a fragment of acid mire, the largest to have survived in the south west of England. The reserve provides habitat for many varieties of birds, which includes millions of starlings between November and January, along with bittern and migrating ospreys. Otters and banded demoiselles are among other species which have made their home on the moor. A large bird hide, reached via a raised boardwalk, has been erected. Westhay Moor is also notified as part of the Somerset Levels and Moors Special Protection Area under the EU Birds Directive and as a Ramsar site, and a National Nature Reserve.

"Westhay Moor". *Somerset Wildlife Trust*. Retrieved 24 April 2015.

## InfoBox

Westhay Moor
| Site of Special Scientific Interest | |
| --- | --- |
| Westhay Moor area, seen from the north | |
| Location within Somerset | |
| Location | Somerset |
| Grid reference | ST455445 |
| Coordinates | 51°11′50″N 2°46′53″W / 51.19710°N 2.78136°W / 51.19710; -2.78136 |
| Interest | Biological |
| Area | 5.137 square kilometres; 1.9833 square miles (1,269.3 acres) |
| Notification | 1971 |
| Natural England website | |


title: Yucca Corridor, Los Angeles

abstract: The Yucca Corridor is a '"formerly notorious" and "once crime-ridden" stretch of Yucca Avenue in Hollywood, California, north of Hollywood Boulevard and Grauman's Chinese Theater. In 2007 it was said to be "a hub for young professionals, artists, musicians and actors."

text:
# Yucca Corridor, Los Angeles

The **Yucca Corridor** is a '"formerly notorious" and "once crime-ridden" stretch of Yucca Avenue in Hollywood, California, north of Hollywood Boulevard and Grauman's Chinese Theater. In 2007 it was said to be "a hub for young professionals, artists, musicians and actors."

## Geography

The Yucca Corridor Coalition of Property Owners and Managers delineates Yucca Corridor as bounded on the west by North Highland Avenue, on the north by Franklin Avenue, on the east by Vine Street and on the south by a line "just north of Hollywood Boulevard." In 2007 apartment condominiums were under development, but dwellers in the Corridor were mostly renters, and "mostly singles just starting their careers." In that year boutiques lined Yucca Street, which was described as "a trendy shopping spot hoping to rival Melrose Avenue" as a commercial center. Area nightclubs were said to "bolster the Yucca Corridor's thriving night life."

## History

By 1993 the Corridor had been dominated for several years by the 18th Street Gang, according to Sharon Romero, leader of the Hollywood Beautification Team, which was formed to paint over graffiti, among other projects. She said gang members had "harassed us on the streets, pulled guns on us and kicked our paint cans over." Between May and July of that year the Los Angeles Police Department engaged in a concerted effort to rid the area of gang activity, including the use of additional police and Bureau of Tobacco and Firearms officers. A 1994 survey by the city's Falcon narcotics program said that the Corridor was one of L.A.'s most drug-infested neighborhoods. The Falcon narcotics abatement unit was a multi-agency narcotics abatement effort comprised by prosecutors from the Los Angeles City Attorney's Office, including a community organizer, LAPD officers and an inspector from the Los Angeles Department of Building and Safety. They worked pro-actively to address narcotics and nuisance activity. The community organizer helped start community groups in the area taught property owners about concepts like crime prevention through environmental design and encouraged property managers to meet and coordinate efforts to improve their neighborhood. In 1995 the police were calling the area a "dope supermarket, ... where cocaine dealers ruled the streets and residents hid behind their doors from gunfire after dark."

> We spent about three years organizing tenants and property owners, not against each other, but to work together to change the housing picture in places like the Yucca corridor. We ran out the drug dealers and the slum lords.

—City Council member Jackie Goldberg in 1997

in 1994, however, landowners, impressed by the use of a video camera in the Rodney King episode, began mounting cameras atop buildings, focused on the sidewalks below. They also affixed posters in the neighborhood warning "Buy Drugs, Go to Jail" and "Entering Videotape Surveillance Zone." Volunteer monitors scanned video screens at a nearby police station. Narcotics officers "made nearly 500 arrests and confiscated hundreds of grams of cocaine and heroin during an intensive 18-month campaign. Prosecutors pressed landlords to fence off open lots and board up vacant buildings," places where drug dealers congregated. Building inspectors cited owners for broken windows and other violations. These projects were spearheaded by neighborhood watch groups named after local streets, such as the Ivar Hawks, Cherokee Condors and Wilcox Werewolves. Civil libertarians, though, took issue with some aspects of the crime-prevention program. Constitutional law expert Erwin Chemerinsky, for example, said he was "troubled by having behavior monitored directly or indirectly by the government, absent probable cause," and others objected to the police attempting to identify suspected drug buyers through license-plate numbers.

In another crime-fighting move, the city's Neighborhood Recovery Program sponsored neighborhood marches in 1996, and streets were reconfigured for one-way traffic. That was the same year that three dilapidated buildings near Yucca Street and Las Palmas Avenue, made uninhabitable by the Northridge earthquake, were demolished and plans were made to build a community center in their stead. The damage done by the earthquake resulted in the destruction of many old buildings and, it was reported, and eventually led to its transition into a "safer, tourist-friendly place."

By 1999, neighborhood activists were turning their attention to a perceived glut of liquor stores and nightclubs all over Hollywood occasioned by an uptick in applications for liquor licenses. Particularly opposed was an application by a 16,800-square-foot Sav-on drugstore at Yucca and North Cahuenga Boulevard. A neighborhood group also claimed that clubs in the Yucca-Ivar Avenue area had been the sites of large fights, and it was noted that the Corridor still suffered 20 percent more reported crime than the city average.

In 2007, a *Los Angeles Times* survey of the area found that "Homicides are down but the neighborhood still has a relatively high rate of robberies, burglaries, thefts and assaults. Residents and community activists say they walk freely through the Yucca Corridor during the day but do so with more caution after nightfall."

## Gateway to Hollywood

In 2002, a 30-foot-high triangular glass tower, lighted from within, was installed in a traffic median at the intersection of Cahuenga Boulevard, Wilcox Avenue and Franklin Avenue. The $658,000 structure features the word "HOLLYWOOD" running vertically down its three sides and was designed to greet visitors who enter Hollywood from the Cahuenga offramp of the Hollywood Freeway.

## Bicycle route

As part of a $200,000 traffic improvement project, eight-tenths of a mile of Yucca Street, between Cahuenga Boulevard and Highland Avenue, became Los Angeles's first "bike-friendly street" in 2012. At some intersections concrete bollards and signage directed automobiles to turn off the street while bicyclists were allowed to proceed straight ahead. Traffic had been diverted at Las Palmas Avenue, Cherokee Avenune and Whitley Avenue before the project began. The blue municipal street signs were modified to include an artist's representation of a bicycle in a contrasting color, green. The curbings at each automobile diverter were cut into paths wide enough for bikes and pedestrians, with the outline of a bicycle painted on the sidewalk as a sharrow, or shared-lane marking.

## Education

Public schools serving Yucca Corridor are Selma Avenue Elementary School, Joseph LeConte Middle School and Hollywood High School.

34°06′15″N 118°19′41″W / 34.104065°N 118.328071°W / 34.104065; -118.328071

## InfoBox

| Yucca Corridor | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighborhood of Los Angeles | |
| Cherokee Avenue, 2004 | |
| Coordinates: 34°06′15″N 118°19′41″W / 34.104065°N 118.328071°W / 34.104065; -118.328071 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | California |
| County | Los Angeles |
| City | Los Angeles |
| Time zone | UTC-8 (PST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-7 (PDT) |


title: George French (Scottish footballer)

abstract: George French was a Scottish footballer who played as a centre forward, primarily for Morton. He is one of the club's all-time leading scorers, with 127 goals from 199 appearances in the Scottish Football League and Scottish Cup. He played a major role in Morton's run to the 1922 Scottish Cup Final, but was unable to play in the match due to injury. French was selected for the Scottish Football League XI on three occasions.

text:
# George French (Scottish footballer)

**George French** was a Scottish footballer who played as a centre forward, primarily for Morton. He is one of the club's all-time leading scorers, with 127 goals from 199 appearances in the Scottish Football League (all in its top division) and Scottish Cup. He played a major role in Morton's run to the 1922 Scottish Cup Final, but was unable to play in the match due to injury.

French was selected for the Scottish Football League XI on three occasions.

## InfoBox

George French
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Place of birth | Scotland | | |
| Position(s) | Centre forward | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1919–1927 | Morton | 182 | (112) |
| 1927 | Arthurlie | 0 | (0) |
| Total |  | **182** | **(112)** |
| International career | | | |
| 1921–1922 | Scottish League XI | 3 | (1) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


abstract: The 195th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade is a maneuver formation of People's Liberation Army Ground Force which serves as an opposing force unit in exercises.

text:
# 195th Combined Arms Brigade (People's Republic of China)

The **195th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade** (Chinese: 重型合成第195旅) is a maneuver formation of People's Liberation Army Ground Force which serves as an opposing force unit in exercises.

## History

Originally designated the **195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade** (Chinese: 机械化步兵第195旅), it was formed on November 26, 2011 from the 1st Armored Division being split. The brigade was then a part of the 65th Army. Since its inception, the brigade was converted to a dedicated opposing force unit.

In late 2013, the brigade was transferred to the control of the Beijing Military Region. From May 2014 to September 2015, the brigade fought 33 simulated battles with other brigades and divisions of the PLA ground force at Zhurihe Combined Arms Tactics Training Center, with 32 wins and 1 loss. In April 2017 the brigade was redesignated as the 195th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade.

## List of maneuvers

In exercises, various units represent the friendly "red army" (红军), while the 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade serves as the opposing "blue army" (蓝军). The 195th has participated in two groups of exercises. "Beijian" (Chinese: 北剑; lit. 'Northern Sword') was a series of maneuvers held by the Beijing Military Region, and its May 2014 iteration was the only simulation lost by the opposing force (the 195th) as of 2016. The other exercises are named "Kuayue" (Chinese: 跨越), which means "to stride over". These first began in 2009.

| Maneuver | Time | Friendly Unit | Opposing Force | Winners | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Beijian-1405 | May 2014 | 7th Armored Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Friendly unit |  |
| Kuayue-2014.Zhurihe A | May–June 2014 | 2nd Armored Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2014.Zhurihe B | June 2014 | 122nd Mechanized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2014.Zhurihe C | June 2014 | 58th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2014.Zhurihe D | July 2014 | 68th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2014.Zhurihe E | July 2014 | 18th Armored Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2014.Zhurihe F | July 2014 | 56th Motorized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe A | June 2015 | 3rd Motorized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe B | June 2015 | 119th Motorized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe C | June–July 2015 | 80th Motorized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe D | July 2015 | 82nd Motorized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe E | August 2015 | 1st Armored Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe F | August 2015 | 5th Armored Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe G | August 2015 | 12th Armored Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe H | August–September 2015 | 42nd Motorized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe I | September 2015 | 200th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2015.Zhurihe J | September–October 2015 | 15th Armored Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Beijian-1510(S) | October 2015 | 113th Mechanized Infantry Division | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2016.Zhurihe A | July 2016 | 10th Armored Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2016.Zhurihe B | July–August 2016 | 77th Motorized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2016.Zhurihe C | August 2016 | 9th Armored Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2016.Zhurihe D | September 2016 | 120th Mountain Motorized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |
| Kuayue-2016.Zhurihe E | September 2016 | 196th Motorized Infantry Brigade | 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade | Opposing force |  |

## InfoBox

| 195th Mechanized Infantry Brigade (2011-17)
195th Heavy Combined Arms Brigade (2017-) | |
| --- | --- |
| Active | 2011.11.26 - |
| Country | China |
| Type | Armored |
| Role | OPFOR |
| Size | Brigade |
| Part of | 81st Group Army |
| Garrison/HQ | Yutian, Hebei |
| Commanders | |
| Current
commander | Senior Colonel Man Guangzhi |
| Notable
commanders | Xia Minglong
Man Guangzhi |


title: Moira Anderson

abstract: Moira Anderson is a Scottish singer.

text:
# Moira Anderson

**Moira Anderson** OBE (born 5 June 1938) is a Scottish singer.

## Life and career

Moira Anderson was born on 5 June 1938 in Kirkintilloch, Dunbartonshire, Scotland. She was educated at Lenzie Academy, She then attended the Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama in Glasgow, before getting her big break in the media after a successful audition at the BBC.

She landed her first job in the media, presenting the radio programme *Can't Help Singing* where she sang with some prestigious names from the world of opera. She went on to make many appearances in the TV series *The White Heather Club* hosted by Andy Stewart.

She subsequently hosted her own television show, the popular *Moira Anderson Sings* on BBC1 in 1968.

In her early career Anderson made frequent appearances alongside fellow Scottish music stars, Kenneth McKellar and other Scottish stars. The pairing was celebrated in the 1971 "Two Ronnies" spoof sketch (Programme 3, 1st Series) featuring "Kenneth Anderson" and "Moira McKellar", in which Ronnie Corbett's Ken described Ronnie Barker's (rather hefty) Moira as "that beautiful lump of Dundee cake". In the early 1980s she made a successful album of duets with Sir Harry Secombe. She recorded "A Perfect Day" by Carrie Jacobs-Bond. Her musical directors over the years have included Peter Knight, Peggy O'Keefe, Nick Ingman and Gordon Cree. She has recorded many albums, including an Ivor Novello collection, conducted by Robin Stapleton, and made many appearances on the BBC TV's popular, long running series, *The Good Old Days*.

She received an OBE in July 1970. In 2010, she sang two songs at the funeral of Sir Norman Wisdom.

Anderson lives, as of 2016, in retirement on the Isle of Man with her husband of over 50 years, Stuart Macdonald.

## InfoBox

| Moira AndersonOBE | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1938-06-05) 5 June 1938<br>Kirkintilloch, Dunbartonshire, Scotland |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Alma mater | Royal Scottish Academy of Music and Drama |
| Occupation(s) | singer, host |
| Years active | 1960－2010 |
| Notable work |  |


title: Void (Intronaut album)

abstract: Void is the debut studio album by American progressive metal band Intronaut. It was released on August 23, 2006 in the United States through Goodfellow Records.

text:
# Void (Intronaut album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| About.com |  |
| Allmusic |  |
| Blabbermouth.net | 10/10 |
| Chronicles of Chaos | 10/10 |

***Void*** is the debut studio album by American progressive metal band Intronaut. It was released on August 23, 2006 in the United States through Goodfellow Records.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "A Monolithic Vulgarity" | 5:59 |
| 2. | "Gleamer" | 5:26 |
| 3. | "Fault Lines" | 6:25 |
| 4. | "Nostalgic Echo" | 5:19 |
| 5. | "Teledildonics" | 7:09 |
| 6. | "Iceblocks" | 6:33 |
| 7. | "Rise to the Midden" | 6:31 |
| Total length: | | 43:22 |

iTunes edition
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 8. | "Fragments of Character" | 6:53 |
| Total length: | | 50:15 |

## Credits

### Band members

### Other

* Recorded and mixed by John Haddad at the Trench Studios
* Logo, illustrations and layout by Justin Bartlett

## InfoBox

| Void | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Intronaut | |
| Released | August 23, 2006 |
| Recorded | Early April, 2006
Shiva Industries in Santa Ana, California |
| Genre | Progressive metal, post-metal, sludge metal |
| Length | 43:17
50:09 (with bonus track) |
| Label | Goodfellow Records |
| Producer | John Haddad |
| Intronaut chronology | |
| *Null*
(2006) ***Void***
(2006) *Prehistoricisms*
(2008) | |


title: Mixed Bag (The Troggs album)

abstract: Mixed Bag is a 1968 studio album by British garage rock band The Troggs.

text:
# Mixed Bag (The Troggs album)

***Mixed Bag*** (released in North America as ***Love Is All Around***) is a 1968 studio album by British garage rock band The Troggs.

## Reception

Editors of AllMusic Guide scored *Mixed Bag* three out of five stars, with reviewer Richie Unterberger, calling the name appropriate for a "scrapheap" of songs compiled from singles, with several songs highlighted as strong, but the entire compilation being surpassed by the 2005 collection *Hip Hip Hooray*. In Colin Larkin's *The Encyclopedia of Popular Music*, he scores this release three out of five stars.

## Track listing

**Side one**

1. "Surprise Surprise" (Reg Presley) – 2:49
2. "You Can Cry If You Want To" (Presley) – 2:54
3. "Say Darlin'" (Chris Britton) – 2:47
4. "Marbles and Some Gum" (Pete Staples) – 2:06
5. "Purple Shades" (Presley) – 2:25
6. "Heads or Tails" (Britton) – 3:44

**Side two**

1. "Hip Hip Hooray" (Geoff Stevens, John Carter) – 2:20
2. "Little Girl" (Presley) – 2:59
3. "Maybe the Madman" (Britton) – 2:14
4. "Off the Record" (Staples) – 3:45
5. "We Waited for Someone" (Presley) – 2:52
6. "There´s Something About You" (Ronnie Bond) – 2:43

## Personnel

**The Troggs**

**Additional personnel**

## Chart performance

*Mixed Bag* peaked at 109 on the *Billboard* 200.

## InfoBox

| Mixed Bag | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by The Troggs | |
| Released | April 1968 (1968-04) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 33:38 |
| Language | English |
| Label | Page One |
| Producer |  |
| The Troggs chronology | |
| *Cellophane*
(1967) ***Mixed Bag***
(1968) *The Troggs*
(1975) | |


title: Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1

abstract: Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1 is the debut live album by American contemporary worship music collective Maverick City Music, which was released independently on April 17, 2020. The featured worship leaders on the album are Chandler Moore, Bri Babineaux, Majesty Rose, KJ Scriven, Amanda Lindsey Cook, Joe L Barnes, Naomi Raine, Alton Eugene, Steffany Gretzinger, Maryanne J. George, and Chris Brown of Elevation Worship. The album was supported by the release of "Man of Your Word" and "Promises" as singles. "Man of Your Word" went on to become the collective's breakthrough hit, peaking at number 18 on the Hot Christian Songs chart. "Promises" also became a hit single, reaching number one on the Hot Christian Songs and Hot Gospel Songs charts, and peaking at number 11 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart. Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1 achieved commercial success in the United States, the album having debuted at number six on Billboard's Top Christian Albums Chart and number two on the Top Gospel Albums Chart. Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1 was nominated for the GMA Dove Award for Gospel Worship Album of the Year at the 2020 GMA Dove Awards. The album won the Billboard Music Award for Top Gospel Album at the 2021 Billboard Music Awards.

text:
# Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1

***Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1*** is the debut live album by American contemporary worship music collective Maverick City Music, which was released independently on April 17, 2020. The featured worship leaders on the album are Chandler Moore, Bri Babineaux, Majesty Rose, KJ Scriven, Amanda Lindsey Cook, Joe L Barnes, Naomi Raine, Alton Eugene, Steffany Gretzinger, Maryanne J. George, and Chris Brown of Elevation Worship.

The album was supported by the release of "Man of Your Word" and "Promises" as singles. "Man of Your Word" went on to become the collective's breakthrough hit, peaking at number 18 on the Hot Christian Songs chart. "Promises" also became a hit single, reaching number one on the Hot Christian Songs and Hot Gospel Songs charts, and peaking at number 11 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart. *Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1* achieved commercial success in the United States, the album having debuted at number six on *Billboard*'s Top Christian Albums Chart and number two on the Top Gospel Albums Chart. *Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1* was nominated for the GMA Dove Award for Gospel Worship Album of the Year at the 2020 GMA Dove Awards. The album won the *Billboard* Music Award for Top Gospel Album at the 2021 *Billboard* Music Awards.

## Singles

Maverick City Music released the song "Man of Your Word" which features Chandler Moore and KJ Scriven, to Christian radio stations in the United States on August 21, 2020, being their debut radio single. "Man of Your Word" peaked at number 18 on the Hot Christian Songs chart, and spent a total of twenty-six non-consecutive weeks on the chart.

On May 3, 2021, Maverick City Music released the radio version of "Promises" featuring Joe L Barnes and Naomi Raine as the second single from the album. The song reached number one on both the Hot Christian Songs and the Hot Gospel Songs charts.

## Reception

### Critical response

NewReleaseToday's Jasmin Patterson praised the album, applauding the collective for "authentic passion and unique sound that is so refreshing to worship music."

### Accolades

Awards
| Year | Organization | Award | Result | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | GMA Dove Awards | Gospel Worship Album of the Year | Nominated |  |
| 2021 | *Billboard* Music Awards | Top Gospel Album | Won |  |

## Commercial performance

In the United States, the album debuted at number six on Top Christian Albums Chart, and number two on Top Gospel Albums Chart.

In the United Kingdom, *Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1* debuted on the OCC's Official Christian & Gospel Albums Chart at number 15.

## Track listing

*Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1*
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Fill the Room" (featuring Chandler Moore) | Chandler Moore | 8:34 |
| 2. | "Love Is a Miracle" (featuring Bri Babineaux and Majesty Rose) |  | 7:30 |
| 3. | "Man of Your Word" (featuring Chandler Moore and KJ Scriven) | * Moore * Tony Brown * Jonathan Jay * Nathan Jess | 9:02 |
| 4. | "Lean Back" (featuring Amanda Lindsey Cook and Chandler Moore) |  | 15:45 |
| 5. | "Promises" (featuring Joe L Barnes and Naomi Raine) | * Joe L Barnes * Aaron Moses * Carrington Gaines * Keila Alvarado * Lemuel Marín * Bowe | 10:46 |
| 6. | "Holy Ghost" (featuring Bri Babineaux and Alton Eugene) |  | 5:16 |
| 7. | "Thank You" (featuring Steffany Gretzinger and Chandler Moore) | * Steffany Gretzinger * Moore * Bowe | 7:29 |
| 8. | "Such an Awesome God" (featuring Maryanne J. George) | * Jay * Mitch Wong * Heath Balltzglier * Johnny Hamilton | 7:12 |
| 9. | "Have My Heart" (featuring Chris Brown and Chandler Moore) |  | 12:46 |
| 10. | "Closer" (featuring Amanda Lindsey Cook) | Cook | 2:40 |
| 11. | "My Heart Your Home" (featuring Alton Eugene and Chandler Moore) | * Alton Eugene * Moore * Chris House * Nate Moore | 6:32 |
| Total length: | | | 93:32 |

## Charts

## Release history

| Region | Date | Format(s) | Label(s) | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Various | April 17, 2020 |  | Maverick City Music |  |

## InfoBox

| Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by Maverick City Music | |
| Released | April 17, 2020 (2020-04-17) |
| Studio | 1971 Sounds, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 93:32 |
| Label | Maverick City Music |
| Producer | * Jonathan Jay * Tony Brown |
| Maverick City Music chronology | |
| *Maverick City Vol. 2*
(2019) ***Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1***
(2020) *Maverick City, Vol. 3 Pt. 2*
(2020) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Maverick City Vol. 3 Part 1* | |
| 1. "Man of Your Word"
Released: August 21, 2020 (2020-08-21) 2. "Promises"
Released: May 3, 2021 (2021-05-03) | |
|  | |


title: Lunar Saros 135

abstract: Saros cycle series 135 for lunar eclipses occurs at the moon's descending node, repeats every 18 years 11 and 1/3 days. It contains 71 events. This lunar saros is linked to Solar Saros 142. This series contains 23 total eclipses. The first was on November 7, 1957, and the last will occur on July 6, 2354. The longest total eclipse will occur on May 12, 2264, and totality will last 106 minutes.

text:
# Lunar Saros 135

| Member 23 |
| --- |
|
2011 Dec 10 |

**Saros cycle series 135 for lunar eclipses** occurs at the moon's descending node, repeats every 18 years 11 and 1/3 days. It contains 71 events.

This lunar saros is linked to Solar Saros 142.

This series contains 23 total eclipses. The first was on November 7, 1957, and the last will occur on July 6, 2354. The longest total eclipse will occur on May 12, 2264, and totality will last 106 minutes.

| Cat. | Saros | Mem | Date | Time UT
(hr:mn) | Type | Gamma | Magnitude | Duration
(min) | | | Contacts UT
(hr:mn) | | | | | | Chart |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | | Greatest | | | | Pen. | Par. | Tot. | P1 | P4 | U1 | U2 | U3 | U4 | |
| 08703 | 135 | 1 | 1615 Apr 13 | 19:38:31 | Penumbral | -1.5327 | -0.9488 | 55.6 |  |  | 19:10:43 | 20:06:19 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 08747 | 135 | 2 | 1633 Apr 24 | 3:17:46 | Penumbral | -1.4852 | -0.8619 | 98.9 |  |  | 2:28:19 | 4:07:13 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 08791 | 135 | 3 | 1651 May 5 | 10:48:41 | Penumbral | -1.4321 | -0.7647 | 130.8 |  |  | 9:43:17 | 11:54:05 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 08836 | 135 | 4 | 1669 May 15 | 18:11:57 | Penumbral | -1.3734 | -0.6575 | 158.2 |  |  | 16:52:51 | 19:31:03 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 08882 | 135 | 5 | 1687 May 27 | 1:28:13 | Penumbral | -1.3095 | -0.5410 | 182.7 |  |  | 23:56:52 | 2:59:34 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 08928 | 135 | 6 | 1705 Jun 07 | 8:39:03 | Penumbral | -1.2419 | -0.4180 | 204.8 |  |  | 6:56:39 | 10:21:27 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 08975 | 135 | 7 | 1723 Jun 18 | 15:45:35 | Penumbral | -1.1715 | -0.2902 | 224.8 |  |  | 13:53:11 | 17:37:59 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 09021 | 135 | 8 | 1741 Jun 28 | 22:47:45 | Penumbral | -1.0981 | -0.1571 | 243.1 |  |  | 20:46:12 | 0:49:18 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 09068 | 135 | 9 | 1759 Jul 10 | 5:48:57 | Penumbral | -1.0246 | -0.0240 | 259.5 |  |  | 3:39:12 | 7:58:42 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 09114 | 135 | 10 | 1777 Jul 20 | 12:48:46 | Partial | -0.9508 | 0.1093 | 274.3 | 75.8 |  | 10:31:37 | 15:05:55 | 12:10:52 |  |  | 13:26:40 |  |
| 09159 | 135 | 11 | 1795 Jul 31 | 19:50:34 | Partial | -0.8791 | 0.2387 | 287.3 | 110.4 |  | 17:26:55 | 22:14:13 | 18:55:22 |  |  | 20:45:46 |  |
| 09204 | 135 | 12 | 1813 Aug 12 | 2:52:49 | Partial | -0.8085 | 0.3655 | 299.0 | 134.5 |  | 0:23:19 | 5:22:19 | 1:45:34 |  |  | 4:00:04 |  |
| 09249 | 135 | 13 | 1831 Aug 23 | 9:59:56 | Partial | -0.7428 | 0.4833 | 309.1 | 152.4 |  | 7:25:23 | 12:34:29 | 8:43:44 |  |  | 11:16:08 |  |
| 09296 | 135 | 14 | 1849 Sep 02 | 17:10:17 | Partial | -0.6806 | 0.5945 | 317.9 | 166.6 |  | 14:31:20 | 19:49:14 | 15:46:59 |  |  | 18:33:35 |  |
| 09340 | 135 | 15 | 1867 Sep 14 | 0:26:27 | Partial | -0.6239 | 0.6956 | 325.5 | 177.8 |  | 21:43:42 | 3:09:12 | 22:57:33 |  |  | 1:55:21 |  |
| 09383 | 135 | 16 | 1885 Sep 24 | 7:48:12 | Partial | -0.5725 | 0.7867 | 332.0 | 186.7 |  | 5:02:12 | 10:34:12 | 6:14:51 |  |  | 9:21:33 |  |
| 09427 | 135 | 17 | 1903 Oct 06 | 15:17:33 | Partial | -0.5280 | 0.8654 | 337.5 | 193.7 |  | 12:28:48 | 18:06:18 | 13:40:42 |  |  | 16:54:24 |  |
| 09469 | 135 | 18 | 1921 Oct 16 | 22:53:59 | Partial | -0.4902 | 0.9317 | 342.1 | 199.1 |  | 20:02:56 | 1:45:02 | 21:14:26 |  |  | 0:33:32 |  |
| 09511 | 135 | 19 | 1939 Oct 28 | 6:36:43 | Partial | -0.4581 | 0.9877 | 346.1 | 203.4 |  | 3:43:40 | 9:29:46 | 4:55:01 |  |  | 8:18:25 |  |
| 09552 | 135 | 20 | 1957 Nov 07 | 14:27:30 | Total | -0.4332 | 1.0305 | 349.3 | 206.5 | 27.9 | 11:32:51 | 17:22:09 | 12:44:15 | 14:13:33 | 14:41:27 | 16:10:45 |  |
| 09594 | 135 | 21 | 1975 Nov 18 | 22:24:12 | Total | -0.4134 | 1.0642 | 352.1 | 209.0 | 40.2 | 19:28:09 | 1:20:15 | 20:39:42 | 22:04:06 | 22:44:18 | 0:08:42 |  |
| 09635 | 135 | 22 | 1993 Nov 29 | 6:27:06 | Total | -0.3994 | 1.0876 | 354.4 | 210.8 | 46.7 | 3:29:54 | 9:24:18 | 4:41:42 | 6:03:45 | 6:50:27 | 8:12:30 |  |
| 09676 | 135 | 23 | 2011 Dec 10 | 14:32:56 | Total | -0.3882 | 1.1061 | 356.4 | 212.2 | 51.1 | 11:34:44 | 17:31:08 | 12:46:50 | 14:07:23 | 14:58:29 | 16:19:02 |  |
| 09717 | 135 | 24 | 2029 Dec 20 | 22:43:12 | Total | -0.3811 | 1.1174 | 358.0 | 213.3 | 53.7 | 19:44:12 | 1:42:12 | 20:56:33 | 22:16:21 | 23:10:03 | 0:29:51 |  |
| 09757 | 135 | 25 | 2048 Jan 01 | 6:53:55 | Total | -0.3745 | 1.1280 | 359.4 | 214.3 | 55.9 | 3:54:13 | 9:53:37 | 5:06:46 | 6:25:58 | 7:21:52 | 8:41:04 |  |
| 09798 | 135 | 26 | 2066 Jan 11 | 15:04:47 | Total | -0.3687 | 1.1378 | 360.7 | 215.2 | 57.9 | 12:04:26 | 18:05:08 | 13:17:11 | 14:35:50 | 15:33:44 | 16:52:23 |  |
| 09839 | 135 | 27 | 2084 Jan 22 | 23:13:00 | Total | -0.3610 | 1.1513 | 362.0 | 216.3 | 60.5 | 20:12:00 | 2:14:00 | 21:24:51 | 22:42:45 | 23:43:15 | 1:01:09 |  |
| 09881 | 135 | 28 | 2102 Feb 03 | 7:18:21 | Total | -0.3514 | 1.1686 | 363.2 | 217.5 | 63.6 | 4:16:45 | 10:19:57 | 5:29:36 | 6:46:33 | 7:50:09 | 9:07:06 |  |
| 09923 | 135 | 29 | 2120 Feb 14 | 15:17:20 | Total | -0.3371 | 1.1950 | 364.6 | 219.1 | 67.9 | 12:15:02 | 18:19:38 | 13:27:47 | 14:43:23 | 15:51:17 | 17:06:53 |  |
| 09966 | 135 | 30 | 2138 Feb 24 | 23:09:56 | Total | -0.3178 | 1.2306 | 366.1 | 221.1 | 73.1 | 20:06:53 | 2:12:59 | 21:19:23 | 22:33:23 | 23:46:29 | 1:00:29 |  |
| 10011 | 135 | 31 | 2156 Mar 07 | 6:54:14 | Total | -0.2922 | 1.2782 | 367.7 | 223.5 | 79.0 | 3:50:23 | 9:58:05 | 5:02:29 | 6:14:44 | 7:33:44 | 8:45:59 |  |
| 10054 | 135 | 32 | 2174 Mar 18 | 14:30:50 | Total | -0.2605 | 1.3371 | 369.4 | 226.0 | 85.2 | 11:26:08 | 17:35:32 | 12:37:50 | 13:48:14 | 15:13:26 | 16:23:50 |  |
| 10097 | 135 | 33 | 2192 Mar 28 | 21:56:24 | Total | -0.2202 | 1.4120 | 371.1 | 228.8 | 91.6 | 18:50:51 | 1:01:57 | 20:02:00 | 21:10:36 | 22:42:12 | 23:50:48 |  |
| 10140 | 135 | 34 | 2210 Apr 10 | 5:13:49 | Total | -0.1736 | 1.4985 | 372.7 | 231.3 | 97.3 | 2:07:28 | 8:20:10 | 3:18:10 | 4:25:10 | 6:02:28 | 7:09:28 |  |
| 10184 | 135 | 35 | 2228 Apr 20 | 12:20:32 | Total | -0.1184 | 1.6007 | 374.0 | 233.6 | 102.1 | 9:13:32 | 15:27:32 | 10:23:44 | 11:29:29 | 13:11:35 | 14:17:20 |  |
| 10229 | 135 | 36 | 2246 May 1 | 19:20:11 | Total | -0.0575 | 1.7136 | 374.9 | 235.2 | 105.2 | 16:12:44 | 22:27:38 | 17:22:35 | 18:27:35 | 20:12:47 | 21:17:47 |  |
| 10275 | 135 | 37 | 2264 May 12 | 2:08:52 | Total | 0.0121 | 1.7979 | 375.2 | 235.8 | 106.2 | 23:01:16 | 5:16:28 | 0:10:58 | 1:15:46 | 3:01:58 | 4:06:46 |  |
| 10321 | 135 | 38 | 2282 May 23 | 8:52:42 | Total | 0.0856 | 1.6640 | 374.6 | 235.1 | 104.4 | 5:45:24 | 12:00:00 | 6:55:09 | 8:00:30 | 9:44:54 | 10:50:15 |  |
| 10367 | 135 | 39 | 2300 Jun 03 | 15:28:06 | Total | 0.1655 | 1.5183 | 373.1 | 232.8 | 99.0 | 12:21:33 | 18:34:39 | 13:31:42 | 14:38:36 | 16:17:36 | 17:24:30 |  |
| 10413 | 135 | 40 | 2318 Jun 14 | 22:00:42 | Total | 0.2477 | 1.3681 | 370.4 | 228.8 | 88.9 | 18:55:30 | 1:05:54 | 20:06:18 | 21:16:15 | 22:45:09 | 23:55:06 |  |
| 10459 | 135 | 41 | 2336 Jun 25 | 4:27:14 | Total | 0.3347 | 1.2090 | 366.4 | 222.5 | 71.0 | 1:24:02 | 7:30:26 | 2:35:59 | 3:51:44 | 5:02:44 | 6:18:29 |  |
| 10505 | 135 | 42 | 2354 Jul 06 | 10:53:56 | Total | 0.4214 | 1.0501 | 361.2 | 214.0 | 36.7 | 7:53:20 | 13:54:32 | 9:06:56 | 10:35:35 | 11:12:17 | 12:40:56 |  |
| 10551 | 135 | 43 | 2372 Jul 16 | 17:18:29 | Partial | 0.5095 | 0.8887 | 354.5 | 202.8 |  | 14:21:14 | 20:15:44 | 15:37:05 |  |  | 18:59:53 |  |
| 10595 | 135 | 44 | 2390 Jul 27 | 23:44:46 | Partial | 0.5961 | 0.7298 | 346.7 | 188.9 |  | 20:51:25 | 2:38:07 | 22:10:19 |  |  | 1:19:13 |  |
| 10640 | 135 | 45 | 2408 Aug 07 | 6:12:58 | Partial | 0.6809 | 0.5740 | 337.6 | 171.8 |  | 3:24:10 | 9:01:46 | 4:47:04 |  |  | 7:38:52 |  |
| 10684 | 135 | 46 | 2426 Aug 18 | 12:46:04 | Partial | 0.7614 | 0.4258 | 327.5 | 151.4 |  | 10:02:19 | 15:29:49 | 11:30:22 |  |  | 14:01:46 |  |
| 10728 | 135 | 47 | 2444 Aug 28 | 19:24:50 | Partial | 0.8375 | 0.2857 | 316.7 | 126.5 |  | 16:46:29 | 22:03:11 | 18:21:35 |  |  | 20:28:05 |  |
| 10771 | 135 | 48 | 2462 Sep 09 | 2:10:01 | Partial | 0.9084 | 0.1551 | 305.3 | 94.9 |  | 23:37:22 | 4:42:40 | 1:22:34 |  |  | 2:57:28 |  |
| 10813 | 135 | 49 | 2480 Sep 19 | 9:03:33 | Partial | 0.9726 | 0.0366 | 293.8 | 46.8 |  | 6:36:39 | 11:30:27 | 8:40:09 |  |  | 9:26:57 |  |
| 10854 | 135 | 50 | 2498 Sep 30 | 16:05:36 | Penumbral | 1.0300 | -0.0694 | 282.4 |  |  | 13:44:24 | 18:26:48 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 10895 | 135 | 51 | 2516 Oct 11 | 23:17:01 | Penumbral | 1.0802 | -0.1624 | 271.5 |  |  | 21:01:16 | 1:32:46 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 10935 | 135 | 52 | 2534 Oct 23 | 6:38:03 | Penumbral | 1.1230 | -0.2416 | 261.5 |  |  | 4:27:18 | 8:48:48 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 10977 | 135 | 53 | 2552 Nov 02 | 14:09:22 | Penumbral | 1.1581 | -0.3067 | 252.5 |  |  | 12:03:07 | 16:15:37 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11019 | 135 | 54 | 2570 Nov 13 | 21:50:12 | Penumbral | 1.1859 | -0.3581 | 245.0 |  |  | 19:47:42 | 23:52:42 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11059 | 135 | 55 | 2588 Nov 24 | 5:39:09 | Penumbral | 1.2078 | -0.3986 | 238.6 |  |  | 3:39:51 | 7:38:27 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11099 | 135 | 56 | 2606 Dec 06 | 13:36:27 | Penumbral | 1.2234 | -0.4274 | 233.7 |  |  | 11:39:36 | 15:33:18 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11139 | 135 | 57 | 2624 Dec 16 | 21:40:25 | Penumbral | 1.2345 | -0.4476 | 230.0 |  |  | 19:45:25 | 23:35:25 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11180 | 135 | 58 | 2642 Dec 28 | 5:49:29 | Penumbral | 1.2419 | -0.4605 | 227.2 |  |  | 3:55:53 | 7:43:05 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11221 | 135 | 59 | 2661 Jan 07 | 14:01:35 | Penumbral | 1.2474 | -0.4697 | 224.8 |  |  | 12:09:11 | 15:53:59 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11264 | 135 | 60 | 2679 Jan 18 | 22:16:02 | Penumbral | 1.2515 | -0.4762 | 222.7 |  |  | 20:24:41 | 0:07:23 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11306 | 135 | 61 | 2697 Jan 29 | 6:31:11 | Penumbral | 1.2559 | -0.4828 | 220.4 |  |  | 4:40:59 | 8:21:23 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11349 | 135 | 62 | 2715 Feb 10 | 14:44:02 | Penumbral | 1.2626 | -0.4931 | 217.3 |  |  | 12:55:23 | 16:32:41 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11391 | 135 | 63 | 2733 Feb 20 | 22:54:49 | Penumbral | 1.2716 | -0.5075 | 213.3 |  |  | 21:08:10 | 0:41:28 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11434 | 135 | 64 | 2751 Mar 04 | 7:00:48 | Penumbral | 1.2850 | -0.5295 | 207.8 |  |  | 5:16:54 | 8:44:42 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11478 | 135 | 65 | 2769 Mar 14 | 15:02:24 | Penumbral | 1.3025 | -0.5591 | 200.7 |  |  | 13:22:03 | 16:42:45 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11522 | 135 | 66 | 2787 Mar 25 | 22:56:42 | Penumbral | 1.3267 | -0.6005 | 191.0 |  |  | 21:21:12 | 0:32:12 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11568 | 135 | 67 | 2805 Apr 05 | 6:45:50 | Penumbral | 1.3557 | -0.6507 | 178.8 |  |  | 5:16:26 | 8:15:14 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11615 | 135 | 68 | 2823 Apr 16 | 14:27:27 | Penumbral | 1.3911 | -0.7127 | 162.8 |  |  | 13:06:03 | 15:48:51 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11662 | 135 | 69 | 2841 Apr 26 | 22:02:28 | Penumbral | 1.4326 | -0.7856 | 141.9 |  |  | 20:51:31 | 23:13:25 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11708 | 135 | 70 | 2859 May 8 | 5:30:26 | Penumbral | 1.4800 | -0.8695 | 113.1 |  |  | 4:33:53 | 6:26:59 |  |  |  |  |  |
| 11754 | 135 | 71 | 2877 May 18 | 12:53:08 | Penumbral | 1.5321 | -0.9623 | 68.2 |  |  | 12:19:02 | 13:27:14 |  |  |  |  |  |


title: Lydicamycin

abstract: Lydicamycin is an organic compound with the molecular formula C47H74N4O10. Lydicamycin is an antibiotic with activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The bacteria Streptomyces lydicamycinicus and Streptomyces platensis produces lydicamycin.

text:
# Lydicamycin

**Lydicamycin** is an organic compound with the molecular formula C47H74N4O10. Lydicamycin is an antibiotic with activity against Gram-positive bacteria. The bacteria *Streptomyces lydicamycinicus* and *Streptomyces platensis* produces lydicamycin.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

Lydicamycin
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Names | |
| IUPAC name 2-\[21-\[1-\[(2,5-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1*H*-pyrrol-3-yl)carbonyl\]-1,2,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-5,6-dihydroxy-1,3-dimethyl-2-naphthalenyl\]-2,6,10,14,18-pentahydroxy-5,11,17,19-tetramethyl-4,8,12,16-heneicosatetraen-1-yl\] 1-pyrrolidinecarboximidamide | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C47H74N4O10/c1-26(37(54)10-7-11-38(55)27(2)13-18-33(53)24-31-9-8-22-51(31)46(48)49)12-16-32(52)17-14-28(3)42(58)29(4)15-19-35-30(5)23-34-36(20-21-39(56)43(34)59)47(35,6)44(60)41-40(57)25-50-45(41)61/h7,10,12-14,16,23,26,29,31-39,42-43,52-56,58-60H,8-9,11,15,17-22,24-25H2,1-6H3,(H3,48,49)(H,50,61)/b10-7+,16-12+,27-13+,28-14+,44-41+/t26?,29?,31?,32?,33?,34-,35-,36-,37?,38?,39-,42?,43+,47+/m1/s1Key: BCOQUXPMOLQABB-CTAFOSPESA-N | |
| SMILES * CC1=C\[C@@H\]2\[C@@H\](CC\[C@H\](\[C@H\]2O)O)\[C@@\](\[C@@H\]1CCC(C)C(/C(=C/CC(/C=C/C(C)C(/C=C/CC(/C(=C/CC(CC3CCCN3C(=N)N)O)/C)O)O)O)/C)O)(C)/C(=C\4/C(=O)CNC4=O)/O | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C47H74N4O10 |
| Molar mass | 855.127 g·mol−1 |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C \[77 °F\], 100 kPa).  Infobox references | |


title: Turbot (business)

abstract: Turbot is a privately held software company headquartered in the United States. Turbot provides automated cloud governance controls for enterprise cloud applications and infrastructure.

text:
# Turbot (business)

**Turbot** (Turbot HQ, Inc) is a privately held software company headquartered in the United States. Turbot provides automated cloud governance controls for enterprise cloud applications and infrastructure.

## History

Turbot was founded by Nathan Wallace in 2014 as a US Corporation based in NJ. In 2016 the company expanded its virtual office across varying US states. In 2017, Turbot announced an expansion in the United Kingdom (Turbot HQ Limited) and India (Turbot HQ India Private Limited). In 2018 Turbot expanded its footprint through multiple cities in India and started operations in Australia (Turbot HQ Private Limited).

Turbot provides real-time, automated configuration and control of software-defined infrastructure in cloud platforms. Turbot is an AWS Advanced Technology Partner with multiple certified competencies for Security, Cloud Management, Life Sciences, etc. Turbot is also a Microsoft Azure Partner and Google Cloud Platform partner, as well as a member of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation, Linux Foundation, and Center for Internet Security.

Turbot's Automated Governance Platform enables an enterprise cloud team to focus on delivering higher-level value while your development teams remain agile through use of native cloud tools. Turbot has varying Consulting, Managed Services, and Technology Integration partnerships providing varying use cases for partners to empower their services and capabilities.

## InfoBox

Turbot HQ, Inc
|
|  |
| Company type | Privately held company |
| Industry | Software |
| Founded | 2014 (New Jersey) |
| Founder | Nathan Wallace |
| Headquarters | United States, United Kingdom, India, Australia |
| Products | Turbot |
| Number of employees | 65+ |
| Website | turbot.com |


title: Turbot Bank

abstract: The Turbot Bank is a shelf bank and mound feature of the seabed of the North Sea that lies off the east coast of Scotland, about 44 kilometres (27 mi) east of Peterhead. The depth of water above the bank varies from 60 m below sea level on top of the bank down to 80 m at its margins. It has been designated as a Nature Conservation Marine Protected Area since 2014. It is an important habitat for sand eels, small fish of various species that are eaten by seabirds such as Atlantic puffin and black-legged kittiwake, as well as fish such as plaice and marine mammals such as dolphins. The bank is particularly associated with Raitt's sand eel, which live buried in the sand of the bank for months at a time.

text:
# Turbot Bank

The **Turbot Bank** is a shelf bank and mound feature of the seabed of the North Sea that lies off the east coast of Scotland, about 44 kilometres (27 mi) east of Peterhead. The depth of water above the bank varies from 60 m below sea level on top of the bank down to 80 m at its margins. It has been designated as a Nature Conservation Marine Protected Area since 2014.

It is an important habitat for sand eels, small fish of various species that are eaten by seabirds such as Atlantic puffin (*Fratercula arctica*) and black-legged kittiwake (*Rissa tridactyla*), as well as fish such as plaice (*Pleuronectes platessa*) and marine mammals such as dolphins. The bank is particularly associated with Raitt's sand eel (*Ammodytes marinus*), which live buried in the sand of the bank for months at a time.

## InfoBox

| Turbot Bank MPA | |
| --- | --- |
| The location and extent of the Turbot Bank MPA, shown in red | |
| Location | North Sea, Scotland |
| Coordinates | 57°23′N 0°53′W / 57.383°N 0.883°W / 57.383; -0.883 |
| Area | 251 km2 (97 sq mi) |
| Designation | Scottish Government |
| Established | 2014 |
| Operator | Marine Scotland |


title: Turbot

abstract: The turbot is a relatively large species of flatfish in the family Scophthalmidae. It is a demersal fish native to marine or brackish waters of the Northeast Atlantic, Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. It is an important food fish. Turbot in the Black Sea have often been included in this species, but are now generally regarded as separate, the Black Sea turbot or kalkan. True turbot are not found in the Northwest Atlantic; the "turbot" of that region, which was involved in the so-called "Turbot War" between Canada and Spain, is the Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot.

text:
# Turbot

The **turbot** (English: /ˈtɜːrbət/ *TUR-bət*, French: \[tyʁbo\].; *Scophthalmus maximus*) is a relatively large species of flatfish in the family Scophthalmidae. It is a demersal fish native to marine or brackish waters of the Northeast Atlantic, Baltic Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. It is an important food fish. Turbot in the Black Sea have often been included in this species, but are now generally regarded as separate, the Black Sea turbot or kalkan (*S. maeoticus*). True turbot are not found in the Northwest Atlantic; the "turbot" of that region, which was involved in the so-called "Turbot War" between Canada and Spain, is the Greenland halibut or Greenland turbot (*Reinhardtius hippoglossoides*).

## Etymology

The word comes from the Old French *tourbout*, which may be a derivative of the Latin *turbo* ('spinning top'), a possible reference to its shape. Another possible origin of the Old French word is from Old Swedish *törnbut*, from *törn* 'thorn' + *-but* 'stump, butt, flatfish', which may also be a reference to its shape (compare native English halibut). Early reference to the turbot can be found in a satirical poem ("The Emperor's Fish") by Juvenal, a Roman poet of the late 1st and early 2nd centuries AD, suggesting this fish was a delicacy in the Roman empire.

## Description

The turbot is a large left eyed flatfish found primarily close to shore in sandy shallow waters throughout the Mediterranean, the Baltic Sea, the Black Sea, and the North Atlantic. The European turbot has an asymmetric disk-shaped body, and has been known to grow up to one metre (40 inches) long and 25 kilograms (55 pounds) in weight.

## Fisheries

Turbot is highly prized as a food fish for its delicate flavour, and is also known as **brat**, **breet**, **britt**, or **butt**. It is a valuable commercial species, acquired through aquaculture and trawling. Turbot are farmed in Bulgaria, Canada, France, Spain, Portugal, Romania, Turkey, Chile, Norway, and China. Turbot has a bright white flesh that retains this appearance when cooked. Like all flatfish, turbot yields four fillets with meatier topside portions that may be baked, poached, steamed, or pan-fried.

## InfoBox

| Turbot | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Pleuronectiformes |
| Family: | Scophthalmidae |
| Genus: | *Scophthalmus* |
| Species: | ***S. maximus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Scophthalmus maximus***
(Linnaeus, 1758) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| List * + *Pleuronectes cyclops* Donovan, 1806     + *Pleuronectes maximus* Linnaeus, 1758     + *Pleuronectes turbot* Lacepède, 1802     + *Psetta maxima* (Linnaeus, 1758)     + *Psetta maxima maxima* (Linnaeus, 1758)     + *Rhombus aculeatus* Gottsche, 1835     + *Rhombus magnus* Minding, 1832     + *Rhombus maximus* (Linnaeus, 1758)     + *Rhombus stellosus* Bennett, 1835     + *Scophthalmus ponticus* Ninni, 1932 | |


title: Turbosteamer

abstract: A turbosteamer is a BMW combined cycle engine using a waste heat recovery unit. Waste heat energy from the internal combustion engine is used to generate steam for a steam engine which creates supplemental power for the vehicle. The turbosteamer device is affixed to the exhaust and cooling system. It salvages the heat wasted in the exhaust and radiator and uses a steam piston or turbine to relay that power to the crankshaft. The steam circuit produces 14 hp (10 kW) and 15 ft⋅lbf (20 N⋅m) of torque at peak, yielding an estimated 15% gain in fuel efficiency. Unlike gasoline-electric hybrids, these gains increase at higher, steadier speeds.

text:
# Turbosteamer

A **turbosteamer** is a BMW combined cycle engine using a waste heat recovery unit. Waste heat energy from the internal combustion engine is used to generate steam for a steam engine which creates supplemental power for the vehicle. The turbosteamer device is affixed to the exhaust and cooling system. It salvages the heat wasted in the exhaust and radiator (as much as 80% of heat energy) and uses a steam piston or turbine to relay that power to the crankshaft. The steam circuit produces 14 hp (10 kW) and 15 ft⋅lbf (20 N⋅m) of torque at peak (for a 1.8 straight-4 engine), yielding an estimated 15% gain in fuel efficiency. Unlike gasoline-electric hybrids, these gains increase at higher, steadier speeds.

## Timescale

BMW has been the pioneer of this concept as early as 2000 under the direction of Dr. Raymond Freymann, and while they were designing this system to fit to most current BMW models, the technology didn't reach production.

## Publications

* R. Freymann, W. Strobl, A. Obieglo: The Turbosteamer: A System Introducing the Principle of Cogeneration in Automotive Applications. Motortechnische Zeitschrift, MTZ 05/2008 Jahrgang 69, pp.404-412.


title: Lužan

abstract: Lužan is a village in Croatia. It is formally a settlement (naselje) of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia.

text:
# Lužan

**Lužan** is a village in Croatia. It is formally a settlement (naselje) of Zagreb, the capital of Croatia.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 708. According to the 2011 census, it had 719 inhabitants.

## InfoBox

| Lužan | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Lužan | |
| Coordinates: 45°53′02″N 16°11′51″E / 45.88389°N 16.19750°E / 45.88389; 16.19750 | |
| Country | Croatia |
| County | City of Zagreb |
| City District | Sesvete |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.8 sq mi (7.3 km2) |
| Elevation | 410 ft (125 m) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 708 |
| Density | 250/sq mi (97/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Turek, Poland

abstract: Turek is a town in central Poland with 31,282 inhabitants as of 2009. It is the capital of Turek County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. It is located in the Sieradz Land.

text:
# Turek, Poland

**Turek** \[ˈturɛk\] is a town in central Poland with 31,282 inhabitants as of 2009. It is the capital of Turek County in the Greater Poland Voivodeship. It is located in the Sieradz Land.

## History

Turek is first mentioned in the historical record 1136, when it was listed as belonging to the archbishops of Gniezno. It received its town rights in 1341. It was a private church town, administratively located in the Sieradz County in the Sieradz Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.

Turek was annexed by Prussia in 1793 in the Second Partition of Poland, regained by Poles and included within the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw in 1807, and included within so-called Congress Poland in 1815, soon forcibly integrated with the Russian Empire. It was then capital of a district within the Kalisz Governorate. In 1826, Fryderyk Chopin travelled through the town. During the January Uprising, it was the site of clashes between Polish insurgents and Russian troops on August 20 and December 28, 1863. Following the end of the First World War in 1918, Turek became part of the Second Polish Republic as the country regained independence.

With the German invasion of Poland and the outbreak of the Second World War in September 1939, Turek was occupied by the *Wehrmacht* and annexed by Nazi Germany. It was administered as part of the county or district (*kreis*) of Turek within newly formed province of Reichsgau Wartheland. The Polish population was subjected to expulsions, confiscation of property, deportations to Nazi concentration camps and murder (see *Nazi crimes against the Polish nation*). In autumn of 1939, the *Einsatzgruppe VI* carried out a number of executions of Poles at the local market. Teachers from Turek were among Polish teachers murdered in the Mauthausen concentration camp. The first expulsion of 160 Poles was carried out in December 1939, and the expellees' shops, workshops and houses were then handed over to German colonists as part of the *Lebensraum* policy. A transit camp for Poles expelled from the region was operated in the town. During the German occupation, the nearly 3,000 Jews in Turek were brutalized, forced into an overcrowded ghetto in 1940, starved, and robbed of all their possessions. In 1941, some men were sent to forced labour camps near Poznań, but the majority of Turek's Jews were sent to a rural ghetto in Kowale Pańskie. In July 1942, most of them were sent to the Chełmno extermination camp where they were gassed immediately. Only around 30 Turek Jews survived the war.

With the arrival of the Red Army in 1945 and the end of the war, Turek was integrated into the People's Republic of Poland.

From 1975 to 1998, it was administratively located in the Konin Voivodeship.

## Sports

The local football club is Tur Turek. It competes in the lower leagues.

## International relations

### Twin towns – sister cities

Turek is twinned with:

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Turek | |
| --- | --- |
| Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus | |
|  | |
| Motto(s): *Turek zawsze po drodze* / *Miasto silne jak tur*
Turek always on your way / City strong as an aurochs | |
| Turek | |
| Coordinates: 52°1′N 18°30′E / 52.017°N 18.500°E / 52.017; 18.500 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Turek |
| Gmina | Turek (urban gmina) |
| First mentioned | 1136 |
| Town rights | 1341 |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Romuald Antosik |
| Area | |
| Total | 16.16 km2 (6.24 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 113 m (371 ft) |
| Population (2009) | |
| Total | 31,282 |
| Density | 1,900/km2 (5,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 62-700 |
| Area code | +48 63 |
| Vehicle registration | PTU |
| Website | https://www.miastoturek.pl/ |


title: Lyonetia bakuchia

abstract: Lyonetia bakuchia is a moth in the Lyonetiidae family. It is known from Japan. The wingspan is 7-7.5 mm. Adults are on wing from the end of October to the end of November. The larvae feed on Prunus zippeliana. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

text:
# Lyonetia bakuchia

***Lyonetia bakuchia*** is a moth in the Lyonetiidae family. It is known from Japan (Kyushu, Yakushima).

The wingspan is 7-7.5 mm. Adults are on wing from the end of October to the end of November.

The larvae feed on *Prunus zippeliana*. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

## InfoBox

| *Lyonetia bakuchia* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Lyonetiidae |
| Genus: | *Lyonetia* |
| Species: | ***L. bakuchia*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lyonetia bakuchia***<br>Kuroko, 1964 | |
|


title: Turtle Lake (Vancouver Island)

abstract: Turtle Lake is a lake located on Vancouver Island east of Great Central Lake.

text:
# Turtle Lake (Vancouver Island)

**Turtle Lake** is a lake located on Vancouver Island east of Great Central Lake.

2. Turtle Lake, British Columbia

## InfoBox

| Turtle Lake | |
| --- | --- |
| Turtle Lake | |
| Location | Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada |
| Coordinates | 49°19′37″N 124°57′40″W / 49.32694°N 124.96111°W / 49.32694; -124.96111 |
| Lake type | Natural lake |
| Basin countries | Canada |


title: Lustar

abstract: Lustar is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France.

text:
# Lustar

**Lustar** (French pronunciation: \[lystaʁ\]) is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department in south-western France.

## InfoBox

| Lustar | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
|  | |
| Location of Lustar | |
| LustarLustar | |
| Coordinates: 43°16′13″N 0°20′10″E / 43.2703°N 0.3361°E / 43.2703; 0.3361 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Occitania |
| Department | Hautes-Pyrénées |
| Arrondissement | Tarbes |
| Canton | Les Coteaux |
| Intercommunality | Pays de Trie et Magnoac |
| Area**1** | 4.91 km2 (1.90 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 97 |
| Density | 20/km2 (51/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 65293 /65220 |
| Elevation | 270–410 m (890–1,350 ft)
(avg. 270 m or 890 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: László Harasztosi

abstract: László Harasztosi, also known as Lazlo Hypnotist, is a psychic, bioenergeticist, and alternative medicine practitioner. His speciality is attaching metal objects on human bodies. When breaking the Guinness record in 1998, he placed two disks weighing altogether 57,64 kg (127 lbs) on László Fekete's chest. His activity consists of healing, performances in shows, and preparation of sportspeople. Cosmos Church of Universal Love was founded with his leadership. His book titled Cosmic energy – how autotherapy works and how to use the healing coin was published in 1996.

text:
# László Harasztosi

**László Harasztosi**, also known as **Lazlo Hypnotist**, is a psychic, bioenergeticist, and alternative medicine practitioner. His speciality is attaching metal objects on human bodies. When breaking the Guinness record in 1998, he placed two disks weighing altogether 57,64 kg (127 lbs) on László Fekete's chest (the strongest man of Hungary).

His activity consists of healing, performances in shows, and preparation of sportspeople. Cosmos Church of Universal Love was founded with his leadership. His book titled *Cosmic energy – how autotherapy works and how to use the healing coin* was published in 1996.

## Life

He was born on 28 June 1963, in the Eastern Hungarian village of Berettyóújfalu. As he stated, his ability was discovered at the age of seven, when they noticed that his touch stops pain and his presence calms down children who have gone wild. Before the change of regime of 1989 in Hungary, he had to conceal his abilities for political reasons.

## Activity

### Improving athletes' achievement

He claims to regularly charge up chosen athletes with focused cosmic energy, which creates further resources for them, enabling them to achieve better results, increase endurance, make their muscles more flexible, shorten reaction time and recovery time.

### Psychic shows

* Attachment of tools: attaching cutlery or domestic appliances (e.g. an iron) on volunteers' bare torsos.
* Mass psychosis and hypnosis: with his "mental energy", he sticks chosen people to their seats or makes them stand up despite their will, or he makes them fall from a standing position even if they are not present in the room. On his command, the participants will imitate various sounds, they will sing, or speak about a topic specified by him.

He appeared in Hungary in the programme *Esti Showder* by RTL Klub, among other programmes.


title: Tuyuhun invasion of Gansu

abstract: The Tuyuhun invasion of Gansu took place between Tuyuhun and the Tang dynasty in 623. During the battle, the Tang general Chai Shao distracted the Tuyuhun soldiers with an erotic dance performed by two dancing girls. While the nomads watched the dance, Chai Shao attacked from the rear and defeated the Tuyuhun. The Tuyuhun suffered more than five hundred casualties over the course of the battle.

text:
# Tuyuhun invasion of Gansu

The **Tuyuhun invasion of Gansu** took place between Tuyuhun and the Tang dynasty in 623. During the battle, the Tang general Chai Shao distracted the Tuyuhun soldiers with an erotic dance performed by two dancing girls. While the nomads watched the dance, Chai Shao attacked from the rear and defeated the Tuyuhun. The Tuyuhun suffered more than five hundred casualties over the course of the battle.

## Battle

The Tuyuhun and Tanguts regularly raided Tang settlements along the latter's western frontier. In 623, the Tuyuhun departed from their homeland in the pastures surrounding Qinghai Lake and invaded Gansu. The Tang general Chai Shao was dispatched to defeat the nomads and prevent further incursions. The Tuyuhun held the higher ground and shot arrows against the encroaching Tang forces.

Chai Shao, in the words of historian Charles Patrick Fitzgerald, "was a general of many, if unorthodox, resources." He devised a decoy by sending two dancing girls and a group of musicians to a small hill near the Tuyuhun camp. The musicians played the pipa, a stringed instrument of foreign origin, while the girls positioned themselves on top of a hill. On the hill, the dancing girls performed an erotic dance in front of the nomads. The attention of the Tuyuhun was diverted entirely towards the girls as the soldiers disbanded their military formation and rushed to the hill for a clearer view of the dance.

Seizing the opportunity, Chai Shao surprised the soldiers who were distracted by the performance, and attacked them in the rear with his cavalry. Over five hundred Tuyuhun soldiers were killed in the ensuing battle, forcing the Tuyuhun's retreat from Gansu. Fitzgerald ends his description of the Tuyuhun defeat with the moral that "it is most unwise, in the midst of battle, to let the mind dwell on the delights of peace."

## Aftermath

Hostilities between the Tuyuhun and Tang continued after the battle. Between 634 and 635, Emperor Taizong conducted a large military expedition against the Tuyuhun led by the general Li Jing. The Tang forces were reinforced with allied Tangut and Turkic soldiers during the invasion. Tuyuhun was defeated, and capitulated to the Tang court as a vassal.

## Citations

* Fitzgerald, Charles Patrick (1933). *Son of Heaven: A Biography of Li Shih-Min, Founder of the Tʻang Dynasty*. Cambridge University Press.
* Graff, David A. (2009). Nicola Di Cosmo (ed.). *Military Culture in Imperial China*. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-03109-8.
* Twitchett, Denis (2000). H. J. Van Derven (ed.). *Warfare in Chinese History*. BRILL. ISBN 978-90-04-11774-7.

## InfoBox

| Tuyuhun invasion of Gansu | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of Emperor Taizong's campaign against Tuyuhun | |
| Date 623  Location Gansu  Result  Tang victory | |
| Belligerents | |
| Tang dynasty | Tuyuhun |
| Commanders and leaders | |
| Chai Shao | Unknown |
| Casualties and losses | |
| Unknown | 500 killed |


title: Turning movement counters

abstract: Turning movement counters (TMC's) are devices used to manually quantify the movement of vehicles through an intersection. TMC's are square shaped boxes that have buttons for each direction of traffic flow. For example, east bound traffic entering an intersection has a button for those vehicles that turn, left, right or continue straight. Furthermore, an additional button is used for each direction to add the number of pedestrian and bicyclist movement. Typically automated traffic counters assess traffic flows, however, due to the differing angles of vehicles entering an intersection the present technology available is not able to quantify the traffic without major error. Traditional automated traffic counters have rubber tubes which are laid out across the road generally in a straight portion in order to have the wheels on the same axle hit at about the same time. When turning in an intersection the tires hit individually and the amount of error in the counter is increased. This means that TMC's are the only present option for quantifying traffic flows. They are used manually by an individual pressing the correlating button for every vehicle that enters and moves through the intersection. TMC's are generally used to determine whether the intersection needs a traffic light. Equations are used to decide whether the volume of the traffic determines that a light is needed. This equation is based on the road classification, entering speed and pedestrian/bicyclist movement through the intersection. A total of eight hours of turning movement is generally mandated for this type of assessment.

text:
# Turning movement counters

**Turning movement counters** (TMC's) are devices used to manually quantify the movement of vehicles through an intersection.

TMC's are square shaped boxes that have buttons for each direction of traffic flow. For example, east bound traffic entering an intersection has a button for those vehicles that turn, left, right or continue straight. Furthermore, an additional button is used for each direction to add the number of pedestrian and bicyclist movement. Typically automated traffic counters assess traffic flows, however, due to the differing angles of vehicles entering an intersection the present technology available is not able to quantify the traffic without major error. Traditional automated traffic counters have rubber tubes which are laid out across the road generally in a straight portion in order to have the wheels on the same axle hit at about the same time. When turning in an intersection the tires hit individually and the amount of error in the counter is increased. This means that TMC's are the only present option for quantifying traffic flows. They are used manually by an individual pressing the correlating button for every vehicle that enters and moves through the intersection.

TMC's are generally used to determine whether the intersection needs a traffic light. Equations are used to decide whether the volume of the traffic determines that a light is needed. This equation is based on the road classification, entering speed and pedestrian/bicyclist movement through the intersection. A total of eight hours of turning movement is generally mandated for this type of assessment.

* Murthy, Narasimha & Henry R. Mohle. "Transportation Engineering Basics", ASCE Press


title: Turning movement

abstract: In military tactics, a turning movement is a form of maneuver in which the attacking force seeks to avoid the enemy's principal defensive positions by seizing objectives behind the enemy's current positions, thereby causing the enemy force to move out of their current positions or divert major forces to meet the threat. One early example is the Battle of Lake Trasimene during the Second Punic War.

text:
# Turning movement

In military tactics, a **turning movement** is a form of maneuver in which the attacking force seeks to avoid the enemy's principal defensive positions by seizing objectives behind the enemy's current positions, thereby causing the enemy force to move out of their current positions or divert major forces to meet the threat. One early example is the Battle of Lake Trasimene during the Second Punic War.

## Examples

* U.S. Marine Corps (1 March 2007). *Marine Corps Operations*. Cosimo, Inc. pp. 7–. ISBN 978-1-60206-062-3.


title: Lyndon, Kentucky

abstract: Lyndon is a home rule-class city in Jefferson County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 11,002 at the 2010 census, up from 9,369 at the 2000 census. Incorporated on May 10, 1965, Lyndon became part of the new Louisville Metro government in 2003. It remains an independent city with its own mayor and emergency services and is not counted in Louisville's population although its citizens can vote for the mayor of Louisville and Metro Council members.

text:
# Lyndon, Kentucky

**Lyndon** is a home rule-class city in Jefferson County, Kentucky, United States. The population was 11,002 at the 2010 census, up from 9,369 at the 2000 census.

Incorporated on May 10, 1965, Lyndon became part of the new Louisville Metro government in 2003. It remains an independent city with its own mayor and emergency services and is not counted in Louisville's population although its citizens can vote for the mayor of Louisville and Metro Council members.

## History

The area is the home of Oxmoor Farm, the residence of Alexander Scott Bullitt, one of the drafters of Kentucky's first constitution.

At some point after 1865, the L&N offered local landowner Alvin Wood connection to their network provided that he pay the costs of constructing the station and donate the land for the spur. He did so, and in 1871 the Lyndon depot began service. The town's etymology remains uncertain, although some connect it to Linn's Station and others to explorer William Linn.

The Bellevoir-Ormsby Village was built in 1867 and Kentucky Military Institute moved to the town in 1896. Central State Hospital is also near Lyndon.

In 1963, Lyndon's post office was subsumed by the Louisville system. Lyndon was incorporated soon after in order to avoid annexation by the neighboring city of St. Matthews.

## Geography

Lyndon is located in northeastern Jefferson County. It is 9 miles (14 km) east of downtown Louisville. Nearby Louisville suburbs include Graymoor-Devondale to the northwest, St. Matthews to the southwest, Hurstbourne to the south, and Anchorage to the east. U.S. Route 60 (Shelbyville Road) forms part of the southern boundary of Lyndon.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.6 square miles (9.4 km2), of which 0.03 square miles (0.09 km2), or 0.91%, are water.

## Demographics

At the 2010 census, there were 11,002 people, 5,374 households and 2,585 families residing in the city. The racial makeup of the city was 80.4% White, 11.4% African American, 0.2% Native American, 2.1% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 3.3% from other races, and 2.6% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.9% of the population.

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1970 | 460 |  |  |
| 1980 | 1,553 |  | 237.6% |
| 1990 | 8,037 |  | 417.5% |
| 2000 | 9,369 |  | 16.6% |
| 2010 | 11,002 |  | 17.4% |
| 2020 | 11,008 |  | 0.1% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

There were 5,374 households, of which 22.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 32.9% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 51.9% were non-families. 41.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.2% and 2.8% had female or male individuals over the age of 65 years of age or older living alone respectively. The average household size was 2.02 and the average family size was 2.79.

20% of the population were under the age of 18, 9.4% from 20 to 24, 34.1% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 12.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.5 males.

At the 2017 American Community Survey estimate, the median household income was $52,431 and the median family income was $71,025. Males had a median income of $47,719 and females $45,656. The per capita income $34,183. About 2.7% of families and 6.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.1% of those under age 18 and 0.6% of those age 65 or over.

According to the 2022 US census, the current population is 10,928. This is a 0.7% decrease from the 2020 census.

## Robsion Park

The 17 acre park is located in the middle of Lyndon, between Lake Avenue and LaGrange Road. It has benches, picnic tables, a pavilion, two age appropriate playgrounds, a new splash pad, and a 3/8 mile walking trail. The park is named for John M. Robsion Jr. who donated the land in 1985.

## Economy

* Kroger's Mid-South offices are in Lyndon.
* UPS Air Group
* Westport Village Shopping Complex

## Further reading

* Kentucky Historical Society. Historical Marker 1474
* Lyndon Homemaker's Club, "Lyndon Lore", 1972, subheading 'Pioneer Stations'.

## InfoBox

| Lyndon, Kentucky | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Lyndon, Kentucky | |
| Location of Lyndon in Jefferson County, Kentucky | |
| LyndonLocation within the state of KentuckyLyndonLyndon (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 38°15′52″N 85°35′21″W / 38.26444°N 85.58917°W / 38.26444; -85.58917 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Kentucky |
| County | Jefferson |
| Area | |
| Total | 3.63 sq mi (9.41 km2) |
| Land | 3.60 sq mi (9.33 km2) |
| Water | 0.03 sq mi (0.08 km2) |
| Elevation | 620 ft (190 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 11,008 |
| Density | 3,056.93/sq mi (1,180.28/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP codes | 40222, 40241-40242, 40252 |
| Area code | 502 |
| FIPS code | 21-48558 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2404980 |
| Website | cityoflyndon.org |


title: Tuvalu.TV

abstract: Tuvalu.TV is a Tuvaluan television channel that started in 2019. The station was set up by MMG Communications from New Zealand and started broadcasting at the end of 2019. The state broadcaster Tuvalu Broadcasting Corporation is responsible for the network, which up until its launch was only responsible for the local radio stations.

text:
# Tuvalu.TV

**Tuvalu.TV** is a Tuvaluan television channel that started in 2019. The station was set up by MMG Communications from New Zealand and started broadcasting at the end of 2019. The state broadcaster Tuvalu Broadcasting Corporation is responsible for the network, which up until its launch was only responsible for the local radio stations.

## History

Local television is not new to Tuvalu. An early experiment appeared after the failure of a foreign free-to-air operator, whose content appeared between the mid-1990s and 1998 when it shut down due to failure in the equipment and unsuccessful attempts at repairing. Shortly after this event, television was limited to Funafuti where the local service broadcast pre-recorded events such as fatele dances one hour a week.

In early November 2019, Tuvalu.TV received the equipment to carry an 11 channel digital subscription television service, with the service scheduled to launch in December.

The first experimental broadcast of Tuvalu.TV was held on 27 November 2019 with the first live broadcast of a session of the Parliament of Tuvalu in a broadcast assisted by Papua New Guinea-based Richard Broadbridge, who is the head of Click Pacific. To prepare for this broadcast, which was a live stream on Facebook, staff from the Tuvalu Broadcasting Corporation was given a two-month period of training. The first news bulletin aired on December 6, 2019, one week after the first test. The station later opened formally on 16 December 2019 with an opening ceremony at 8:30am that day, followed by a parliamentary session at 10am.

Tuvalu.TV is the only free channel in the platform, while the other channels require a subscription. The launch of the channel came after a long history of attempts at starting a functional local service.

Tuvalu.TV joined the Pasifika TV network on 14 September 2023, enabling the channel to have access to the programme feed, as well as receiving technical support from New Zealand.


title: Tuval Foguel

abstract: Tuval Shmuel Foguel is Professor of Mathematics at Adelphi University in Garden City, New York. Tuval Foguel was born in 1959 in Berkeley, California to Hava and Shaul Foguel and he is a descendant of Saul Wahl. Through his mother Hava, Professor Foguel is related to Nahum Sokolow. Professor Foguel received his B.S. in mathematics from York College, City University of New York in 1988 and his PhD in Mathematics under Michio Suzuki from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1992 with a focus on finite groups. He has introduced the term conjugate-permutable subgroup. In the past, Professor Foguel has also taught at the University of the West Indies, North Dakota State University, Auburn University Montgomery, and Western Carolina University.

text:
# Tuval Foguel

**Tuval Shmuel Foguel** is Professor of Mathematics at Adelphi University in Garden City, New York. Tuval Foguel was born in 1959 in Berkeley, California to Hava and Shaul Foguel and he is a descendant of Saul Wahl. Through his mother Hava (née Sokolow), Professor Foguel is related to Nahum Sokolow. Professor Foguel received his B.S. in mathematics from York College, City University of New York in 1988 and his PhD in Mathematics under Michio Suzuki from the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign in 1992 with a focus on finite groups. He has introduced the term conjugate-permutable subgroup. In the past, Professor Foguel has also taught at the University of the West Indies, North Dakota State University, Auburn University Montgomery, and Western Carolina University.

## Selected articles

* Tuval Foguel, Josh Hiller (2020), A note on Abelian Partitionable groups, Communications in Algebra, 48, no.8, 3268-3274.
* Tuval Foguel, Josh Hiller (2019), On Bruck's Prolongation and Contraction Maps, Quasigroups and Related Systems 27, 53-62.
* Tuval Foguel, Nicholas Sizemore (2018), Partition Numbers of Finite Solvable Groups, Advances in Group Theory and Applications 6, 55-67.
* Tuval Foguel and Josh Hiller (2016), A Note On Subloop Lattices. Results in Mathematics, 69, no.1, 11-21.
* Tuval Foguel, Baojun Li (2015), On $\Pi$-property and $\Pi$-normality of subgroups of finite groups (II). Algebra and Logic, 54, No. 3, 211–225.
* Risto Atanasov, Tuval Foguel (2014) Loops That Are Partitioned by Groups, Journal of Group Theory17, no. 5, 851–861.
* Risto Atanasov, Tuval Foguel, Jeff Lawson (2013), Optimizing Capstone With Multiple Constraints PRIMUS 24, no.4, 392-402.
* Tuval Foguel, Michael K. Kinyon, J.D. Phillips (2006), On twisted subgroups and Bol loops of odd order, Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 36 no.1, 183-212.
* Tuval Foguel, Luise-Charlotte Kappe (2005), On loops covered by subloops, Expositiones Mathematicae 23, 255 – 270.
* Tuval Foguel, Abraham A. Ungar (2000), Involutory Decomposition of Groups into Twisted Subgroups and Subgroups, Journal of Group Theory 3, no. 1, 27-46.
* Tuval Foguel (1997), Conjugate - Permutable Subgroups, Journal of Algebra, 191, 235 -239.
* Tuval Foguel (1995), Finite Groups with a Special 2-Generator Property, Pacific Journal of Mathematics, 170, no. 2, 483-496
* Tuval Foguel (1994), On Seminormal Subgroups, Journal of Algebra, 165, no. 3, 633-636.
* N. Boston, W. Dabrowski, Tuval Foguel, P.J. Gies, D.A. Jackson, J. Leavitt, D.T. Ose (1993), The Proportion of Fixed-Point-Free Elements of a Transitive Permutation Group, Communications in \*Algebra, 21, no. 9, 3259-3275.
* Tuval Foguel (1992), Galois-Theoretical Groups, Journal of Algebra, 150, no. 2, 321-323.


title: Lytta lecontei

abstract: Lytta lecontei is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in Central America and North America.

text:
# Lytta lecontei

***Lytta lecontei*** is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in Central America and North America.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Lytta lecontei* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Meloidae |
| Genus: | *Lytta* |
| Species: | ***L. lecontei*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lytta lecontei***<br>Heyden, 1890 | |
|


title: M. M. Amin Uddin

abstract: M. M. Amin Uddin is a Bangladesh Jatiya Party politician and a former member of parliament for Jessore-4.

text:
# M. M. Amin Uddin

**M. M. Amin Uddin** is a Bangladesh Jatiya Party politician and a former member of parliament for Jessore-4.

## Career

Uddin was elected to parliament from Jessore-4 as a Bangladesh Jatiya Party candidate in 2001.

## InfoBox

| M. M. Amin Uddin | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of Bangladesh Parliament | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Bangladesh Jatiya Party |
|  | |


title: Lærdalsfjord

abstract: Lærdalsfjord is a branch of the Sognefjord located on its southern side, in Lærdal municipality of Vestland county. It lengthens about nine kilometers, and the Lærdalselva river meets the fjord bed at Lærdalsøyri. The region of Lærdal lies within the fjord. This fjord, known for its length, is one of the innermost branches of Sognefjorden. The fjord cuts into tall mountain masses with steep sides. On the fjord's eastern side, the Jotunheimen mountains rise to over 2,200 meters above sea level. The fjord also features lush bays and fjord banks with agriculture, including livestock, fruit, and berry cultivation. The bedrock of the region consists of Caledonian rocks.

text:
# Lærdalsfjord

**Lærdalsfjord** is a branch of the Sognefjord located on its southern side, in Lærdal municipality of Vestland county. It lengthens about nine kilometers, and the Lærdalselva river meets the fjord bed at Lærdalsøyri. The region of Lærdal lies within the fjord.

This fjord, known for its length, is one of the innermost branches of Sognefjorden. The fjord cuts into tall mountain masses with steep sides. On the fjord's eastern side, the Jotunheimen mountains rise to over 2,200 meters above sea level. The fjord also features lush bays and fjord banks with agriculture, including livestock, fruit, and berry cultivation. The bedrock of the region consists of Caledonian rocks.

## Read also

1. "Norgeskart". *www.norgeskart.no*. Retrieved 2023-03-28.
2. Gundersen, Mathew Paul (2019-12-27). "Facts About the Norwegian Fjords". *Life in Norway*. Retrieved 2023-04-10.
3. Deleker, Joachim (2017-09-28). "Motorradreise - Norwegen im Sommer: Wetterfest". *MOTORRAD* (in German). Retrieved 2023-04-10.
4. Bellagamba, Valeria (2021-10-15). "Guida ai fiordi norvegesi: tra mare e montagne". *ViaggiNews.com* (in Italian). Retrieved 2023-04-10.


title: Turnkey asset management program

abstract:
A turnkey asset management program (TAMP) is a program for independent financial advisors, typically fiduciaries, to outsource the management of some or all of their clients' assets. Certified public accountants, law firms and banks have adopted use of the program relatively recently. Financial advisors use TAMPs to gain access to managed account services that allow them to offload time-consuming functions, such as research, portfolio construction, performance reporting, and tax optimization and reporting. TAMPs are a form of fee-account, which charge fees based on a percentage of the total assets managed in the program. TAMPs appeal to independent financial advisors who are building a fee-only business, because they can avoid the cost of building their own fee-accounts platform and can implement a TAMP in about 90 days, instead of the year or longer required to develop the same capabilities in-house. TAMPs help independent advisors avoid employee hiring and payroll costs related to internal administration and research.
Because TAMPs serve financial advisors, individual retail investors are not able to directly invest their assets in a TAMP.

text:
# Turnkey asset management program

A **turnkey asset management program** (TAMP) is a program for independent financial advisors, typically fiduciaries, to outsource the management of some or all of their clients' assets. Certified public accountants, law firms and banks have adopted use of the program relatively recently.

Financial advisors use TAMPs to gain access to managed account services that allow them to offload time-consuming functions, such as research, portfolio construction, performance reporting, and tax optimization and reporting.

TAMPs are a form of fee-account, which charge fees based on a percentage of the total assets managed in the program. TAMPs appeal to independent financial advisors who are building a fee-only business, because they can avoid the cost of building their own fee-accounts platform and can implement a TAMP in about 90 days, instead of the year or longer required to develop the same capabilities in-house.

TAMPs help independent advisors avoid employee hiring and payroll costs related to internal administration and research. Because TAMPs serve financial advisors, individual retail investors are not able to directly invest their assets in a TAMP.

## History

The foundation for fee-accounts was created in 1974 with the passage of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA), which brought fiduciary law to the forefront, granted legal liability for trust officers and elevated consumer awareness of investing. Fixed commissions ended on May 1, 1975, when the legislation became law, which opened the door for the first discount brokerage firms such as the Charles Schwab Corporation, Scottrade and TD Ameritrade.

In the mid-1980s, the first TAMPs emerged. By 1986, $1 billion in assets was invested in a number of TAMPs, including PMC (absorbed by Envestnet, London Pacific Advisors, now SunGard Advisor Technology and Brinker Capital). By 1994, TAMP assets had increased to $4 billion, and over the next two years, the TAMP market grew to $16 billion in assets. This growth continued throughout the 1990s with the emergence of firms such as AdvisorPort, Asset Mark, Envestnet, Fund Quest and Lockwood. By 2001, the TAMP market was at $78 billion.

Since 1999, the TAMP market has experienced consolidation through acquisitions and mergers to one-in-three TAMPs each year. TAMP growth and consolidation has continued in the 21st century and by 2010, TAMP assets reached $255 billion with the ten largest firms accounting for nearly all assets under management. Those firms included PNC Managed Investments, Brinker Capital, Envestnet, Fund Quest, Assetmark, Lockwood, Prudential Financial, Russell, SEI Investments and SunGard.

The growth of the TAMP market (1000% since the market first emerged) remains small in comparison to the overall market for fee-accounts, which was measured by Tiburon at $1.5 trillion in assets at the beginning of 2010.

## TAMP Market Segments

TAMP providers vary widely in terms of investment philosophies and services, with some specializing in mutual funds, others offering separately managed accounts, or passive investing versus active investing – others offer a platform of multiple options. Market research indicates that two-thirds of TAMP assets are managed by mutual fund TAMPs.

In addition to asset management services, many TAMPs offer additional support and services for financial advisors, such as training programs for financial advisors with Genworth Wealth Management and Loring Ward recognized by Tiburon as offering "extensive" training and educational programs. Companies such as EBI Portfolios (a UK based TAMP), offer a variety of additional services such as automatic portfolio rebalancing, research requests, turnkey workbooks, risk profiling and repository access to evidence-based documents for their users.