title: List of peers 1640–1649

text:
# List of peers 1640–1649

This page lists all peers who held extant titles between 1640 and 1649.

## Peerage of England

| Title | Holder | Date gained | Date lost | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Duke of Cornwall (1337) | Prince Charles | 1630 | 1649 | Ascended the Throne, and all his honours merged in the Crown |
| Duke of Buckingham (1623) | George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham | 1628 | 1687 |  |
| Duke of Richmond (1641) | James Stewart, 1st Duke of Richmond | 1641 | 1655 | New creation |
| Duke of Cumberland (1644) | Prince Rupert of the Rhine | 1644 | 1682 | New creation |
| Duke of York (1644) | James Stuart | 1644 | 1685 | New creation |
| Marquess of Winchester (1551) | John Paulet, 5th Marquess of Winchester | 1628 | 1675 |  |
| Marquess of Hertford (1641) | William Seymour, 1st Marquess of Hertford | 1641 | 1660 | New creation |
| Marquess of Worcester (1642) | Henry Somerset, 1st Marquess of Worcester | 1642 | 1646 | New creation; died |
| | Edward Somerset, 2nd Marquess of Worcester | 1646 | 1667 |  |
| Marquess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1643) | William Cavendish, 1st Marquess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne | 1643 | 1676 | New creation |
| Marquess of Dorchester (1645) | Henry Pierrepont, 1st Marquess of Dorchester | 1645 | 1680 | New creation |
| Earl of Arundel (1138) | Thomas Howard, 21st Earl of Arundel | 1604 | 1646 | Died |
| | Henry Howard, 22nd Earl of Arundel | 1646 | 1652 |  |
| Earl of Oxford (1142) | Aubrey de Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford | 1632 | 1703 |  |
| Earl of Shrewsbury (1442) | John Talbot, 10th Earl of Shrewsbury | 1630 | 1654 |  |
| Earl of Kent (1465) | Anthony Grey, 9th Earl of Kent | 1639 | 1643 | Died |
| | Henry Grey, 10th Earl of Kent | 1643 | 1651 |  |
| Earl of Derby (1485) | William Stanley, 6th Earl of Derby | 1594 | 1642 | Died |
| | James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby | 1642 | 1651 |  |
| Earl of Worcester (1514) | Henry Somerset, 5th Earl of Worcester | 1628 | 1646 | Created Marquess of Worcester, see above |
| Earl of Cumberland (1525) | Francis Clifford, 4th Earl of Cumberland | 1605 | 1641 | Died |
| | Henry Clifford, 5th Earl of Cumberland | 1641 | 1643 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Rutland (1525) | George Manners, 7th Earl of Rutland | 1632 | 1641 | Died |
| | John Manners, 8th Earl of Rutland | 1641 | 1679 |  |
| Earl of Huntingdon (1529) | Henry Hastings, 5th Earl of Huntingdon | 1604 | 1643 | Died |
| | Ferdinando Hastings, 6th Earl of Huntingdon | 1643 | 1656 |  |
| Earl of Sussex (1529) | Edward Radclyffe, 6th Earl of Sussex | 1629 | 1643 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Bath (1536) | Henry Bourchier, 5th Earl of Bath | 1636 | 1654 |  |
| Earl of Southampton (1547) | Thomas Wriothesley, 4th Earl of Southampton | 1624 | 1667 |  |
| Earl of Bedford (1550) | Francis Russell, 4th Earl of Bedford | 1627 | 1641 | Died |
| | William Russell, 5th Earl of Bedford | 1641 | 1700 |  |
| Earl of Pembroke (1551) | Philip Herbert, 4th Earl of Pembroke | 1630 | 1649 | Died |
| | Philip Herbert, 5th Earl of Pembroke | 1649 | 1669 |  |
| Earl of Devon (1553) | William Courtenay, de jure 5th Earl of Devon | 1638 | 1702 |  |
| Earl of Northumberland (1557) | Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland | 1632 | 1668 |  |
| Earl of Hertford (1559) | William Seymour, 2nd Earl of Herford | 1621 | 1660 | Created Marquess of Hertford, see above |
| Earl of Essex (1572) | Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of Essex | 1604 | 1646 | Died, title extinct; Viscountcy of Hereford succeeded by a cousin, see below |
| Earl of Lincoln (1572) | Theophilus Clinton, 4th Earl of Lincoln | 1619 | 1667 |  |
| Earl of Nottingham (1596) | Charles Howard, 2nd Earl of Nottingham | 1624 | 1642 | Died |
| | Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Nottingham | 1642 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Suffolk (1603) | Theophilus Howard, 2nd Earl of Suffolk | 1626 | 1640 | Died |
| | James Howard, 3rd Earl of Suffolk | 1640 | 1689 |  |
| Earl of Dorset (1604) | Edward Sackville, 4th Earl of Dorset | 1624 | 1652 |  |
| Earl of Exeter (1605) | William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Exeter | 1623 | 1640 | Died |
| | David Cecil, 3rd Earl of Exeter | 1640 | 1643 |  |
| | David Cecil, 3rd Earl of Exeter | 1643 | 1678 |  |
| Earl of Salisbury (1605) | William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury | 1612 | 1668 |  |
| Earl of Somerset (1613) | Robert Carr, 1st Earl of Somerset | 1613 | 1645 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Bridgewater (1617) | John Egerton, 1st Earl of Bridgewater | 1617 | 1649 | Died |
| | John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater | 1649 | 1686 |  |
| Earl of Northampton (1618) | Spencer Compton, 2nd Earl of Northampton | 1630 | 1643 | Died |
| | James Compton, 3rd Earl of Northampton | 1643 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Leicester (1618) | Robert Sidney, 2nd Earl of Leicester | 1626 | 1677 |  |
| Earl of Warwick (1618) | Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick | 1618 | 1658 |  |
| Earl of Devonshire (1618) | William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire | 1628 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of March (1619) | James Stewart, 2nd Earl of March | 1624 | 1655 | Duke of Lennox in the Peerage of Scotland; created Duke of Richmond in 1641, see above |
| Earl of Cambridge (1619) | James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Cambridge | 1625 | 1649 | Marquess, and after 1643 Duke of Hamilton in the Peerage of Scotland; died |
| | William Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Cambridge | 1649 | 1651 | Duke of Hamilton in the Peerage of Scotland |
| Earl of Carlisle (1622) | James Hay, 2nd Earl of Carlisle | 1636 | 1660 |  |
| Earl of Denbigh (1622) | William Feilding, 1st Earl of Denbigh | 1622 | 1643 | Died |
| | Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh | 1643 | 1675 |  |
| Earl of Bristol (1622) | John Digby, 1st Earl of Bristol | 1622 | 1653 |  |
| Earl of Middlesex (1622) | Lionel Cranfield, 1st Earl of Middlesex | 1622 | 1645 | Died |
| | James Cranfield, 2nd Earl of Middlesex | 1645 | 1651 |  |
| Earl of Anglesey (1623) | Charles Villiers, 2nd Earl of Anglesey | 1630 | 1661 |  |
| Earl of Holland (1624) | Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland | 1624 | 1649 | Died |
| | Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Holland | 1649 | 1675 |  |
| Earl of Clare (1624) | John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare | 1637 | 1666 |  |
| Earl of Bolingbroke (1624) | Oliver St John, 1st Earl of Bolingbroke | 1624 | 1646 | Died |
| | Oliver St John, 2nd Earl of Bolingbroke | 1646 | 1688 |  |
| Earl of Westmorland (1624) | Mildmay Fane, 2nd Earl of Westmorland | 1629 | 1666 |  |
| Earl of Cleveland (1626) | Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Cleveland | 1626 | 1667 |  |
| Earl of Danby (1626) | Henry Danvers, 1st Earl of Danby | 1626 | 1644 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Manchester (1626) | Henry Montagu, 1st Earl of Manchester | 1626 | 1642 | Died |
| | Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester | 1642 | 1671 |  |
| Earl of Marlborough (1626) | James Ley, 3rd Earl of Marlborough | 1638 | 1665 |  |
| Earl of Mulgrave (1626) | Edmund Sheffield, 1st Earl of Mulgrave | 1626 | 1646 | Died |
| | Edmund Sheffield, 2nd Earl of Mulgrave | 1646 | 1658 |  |
| Earl of Berkshire (1626) | Thomas Howard, 1st Earl of Berkshire | 1626 | 1669 |  |
| Earl of Monmouth (1626) | Henry Carey, 2nd Earl of Monmouth | 1639 | 1661 |  |
| Earl Rivers (1626) | Thomas Darcy, 1st Earl Rivers | 1626 | 1640 | Died |
| | John Savage, 2nd Earl Rivers | 1640 | 1654 |  |
| Earl of Lindsey (1626) | Robert Bertie, 1st Earl of Lindsey | 1626 | 1642 | Died |
| | Montagu Bertie, 2nd Earl of Lindsey | 1642 | 1666 |  |
| Earl of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1628) | William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Newcastle-upon-Tyne | 1628 | 1676 | Created Marquess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, see above |
| Earl of Dover (1628) | Henry Carey, 1st Earl of Dover | 1628 | 1666 |  |
| Earl of Peterborough (1628) | John Mordaunt, 1st Earl of Peterborough | 1628 | 1643 | Died |
| | Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough | 1643 | 1697 |  |
| Earl of Stamford (1628) | Henry Grey, 1st Earl of Stamford | 1628 | 1673 |  |
| Earl of Winchilsea (1628) | Heneage Finch, 3rd Earl of Winchilsea | 1639 | 1689 |  |
| Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull (1628) | Robert Pierrepont, 1st Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull | 1628 | 1643 | Died |
| | Henry Pierrepont, 2nd Earl of Kingston-upon-Hull | 1643 | 1680 | Created Marquess of Dorchester, see above |
| Earl of Carnarvon (1628) | Robert Dormer, 1st Earl of Carnarvon | 1628 | 1643 | Died |
| | Charles Dormer, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon | 1643 | 1709 |  |
| Earl of Newport (1628) | Mountjoy Blount, 1st Earl of Newport | 1628 | 1666 |  |
| Earl of Chesterfield (1628) | Philip Stanhope, 1st Earl of Chesterfield | 1628 | 1656 |  |
| Earl of Thanet (1628) | John Tufton, 2nd Earl of Thanet | 1632 | 1664 |  |
| Earl of St Albans (1628) | Ulick Burke, 2nd Earl of St Albans | 1635 | 1657 | Earl, and then Marquess of Clanricarde in the Peerage of Ireland |
| Earl of Portland (1633) | Jerome Weston, 2nd Earl of Portland | 1635 | 1663 |  |
| Earl of Strafford (1640) | Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford | 1640 | 1641 | New creation; attainted |
| Earl Rivers (1641) | Elizabeth Savage, Countess Rivers | 1641 | 1651 | New creation; peerage for life only |
| Earl of Strafford (1641) | William Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford | 1641 | 1695 | New creation |
| Earl of Sunderland (1643) | Henry Spencer, 1st Earl of Sunderland | 1643 | 1643 | New creation |
| | Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland | 1643 | 1702 |  |
| Earl of Sussex (1644) | Thomas Savile, 1st Earl of Sussex | 1644 | 1659 | New creation |
| Earl of Brentford (1644) | Patrick Ruthven, 1st Earl of Brentford | 1644 | 1651 | New creation |
| Earl of Chichester (1644) | Francis Leigh, 1st Earl of Chichester | 1644 | 1653 | New creation |
| Earl of Norwich (1644) | George Goring, 1st Earl of Norwich | 1644 | 1663 | New creation |
| Earl of Scarsdale (1645) | Francis Leke, 1st Earl of Scarsdale | 1645 | 1655 | New creation |
| Earl of Lichfield (1645) | Charles Stewart, 1st Earl of Lichfield | 1645 | 1672 | New creation |
| Viscount Hereford (1550) | Walter Devereux, 5th Viscount Hereford | 1646 | 1658 | Title previously held by Earls of Essex (extinct in 1646) |
| Viscount Montagu (1554) | Francis Browne, 3rd Viscount Montagu | 1629 | 1682 |  |
| Viscount Purbeck (1618) | John Villiers, 1st Viscount Purbeck | 1619 | 1657 |  |
| Viscount Saye and Sele (1624) | William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele | 1624 | 1662 |  |
| Viscount Savage (1626) | John Savage, 2nd Earl Rivers | 1635 | 1654 | Succeeded as Earl Rivers, see above |
| Viscount Conway (1627) | Edward Conway, 2nd Viscount Conway | 1631 | 1655 |  |
| Viscount Campden (1628) | Edward Noel, 2nd Viscount Campden | 1629 | 1643 | Died |
| | Baptist Noel, 3rd Viscount Campden | 1643 | 1682 |  |
| Viscount Wentworth (1628) | Thomas Wentworth, 1st Viscount Wentworth | 1628 | 1641 | Created Earl of Strafford, see above |
| Viscount Stafford (1640) | William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford | 1640 | 1680 | New creation |
| Viscount Fauconberg (1643) | Thomas Belasyse, 1st Viscount Fauconberg | 1643 | 1653 | New creation |
| Baron de Ros (1264) | Katherine Manners, 19th Baroness de Ros | 1632 | 1649 | Died, title succeeded by the Duke of Buckingham, and on his death fell into abeyance |
| Baron de Clifford (1299) | Anne Clifford, 14th Baroness de Clifford | 1605 | 1676 |  |
| Baron Morley (1299) | Henry Parker, 14th Baron Morley | 1622 | 1655 |  |
| Baron Dacre (1321) | Francis Lennard, 14th Baron Dacre | 1630 | 1662 |  |
| Baron Grey of Ruthyn (1325) | Charles Longueville, 12th Baron Grey de Ruthyn | 1639 | 1643 | Died |
| | Susan Longueville, 13th Baroness Grey de Ruthyn | 1643 | 1676 |  |
| Baron Darcy de Knayth (1332) | Conyers Darcy, 7th Baron Darcy de Knayth | 1641 | 1653 | Abeyance terminated |
| Baron Berkeley (1421) | George Berkeley, 8th Baron Berkeley | 1613 | 1658 |  |
| Baron Dudley (1440) | Edward Sutton, 5th Baron Dudley | 1586 | 1643 | Died |
| | Frances Ward, 6th Baroness Dudley | 1643 | 1697 |  |
| Baron Stourton (1448) | William Stourton, 11th Baron Stourton | 1633 | 1672 |  |
| Baron Willoughby de Broke (1491) | Greville Verney, 7th Baron Willoughby de Broke | 1631 | 1642 | Died |
| | Greville Verney, 8th Baron Willoughby de Broke | 1642 | 1648 | Died |
| | Greville Verney, 9th Baron Willoughby de Broke | 1648 | 1668 |  |
| Baron Monteagle (1514) | Henry Parker, 5th Baron Monteagle | 1622 | 1655 |  |
| Baron Vaux of Harrowden (1523) | Edward Vaux, 4th Baron Vaux of Harrowden | 1595 | 1661 |  |
| Baron Sandys of the Vine (1529) | Elizabeth Sandys, 5th Baroness Sandys | 1629 | 1645 | Died |
| | William Sandys, 6th Baron Sandys | 1645 | 1668 |  |
| Baron Windsor (1529) | Thomas Windsor, 6th Baron Windsor | 1605 | 1642 | Died, Barony fell into abeyance until 1660 |
| Baron Eure (1544) | William Eure, 4th Baron Eure | 1617 | 1646 | Died |
| | William Eure, 5th Baron Eure | 1646 | 1652 |  |
| Baron Wharton (1545) | Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton | 1625 | 1695 |  |
| Baron Willoughby of Parham (1547) | Francis Willoughby, 5th Baron Willoughby of Parham | 1618 | 1666 |  |
| Baron Paget (1552) | William Paget, 5th Baron Paget | 1629 | 1678 |  |
| Baron North (1554) | Dudley North, 3rd Baron North | 1600 | 1666 |  |
| Baron Chandos (1554) | George Brydges, 6th Baron Chandos | 1621 | 1655 |  |
| Baron De La Warr (1570) | Charles West, 5th Baron De La Warr | 1628 | 1687 |  |
| Baron Norreys (1572) | Elizabeth Wray, 3rd Baroness Norreys | 1622 | 1645 | Died |
| | Bridget Bertie, 4th Baroness Norreys | 1645 | 1657 |  |
| Baron (A)bergavenny (1604) | Henry Nevill, 2nd Baron Bergavenny | 1622 | 1641 | Died, Barony dormant |
| Baron Gerard (1603) | Dutton Gerard, 3rd Baron Gerard | 1622 | 1640 | Died |
| | Charles Gerard, 4th Baron Gerard | 1640 | 1667 |  |
| Baron Petre (1603) | William Petre, 4th Baron Petre | 1638 | 1684 |  |
| Baron Spencer (1603) | Henry Spencer, 3rd Baron Spencer of Wormleighton | 1636 | 1643 | Created Earl of Sunderland, see above |
| Baron Arundell of Wardour (1605) | Thomas Arundell, 2nd Baron Arundell of Wardour | 1639 | 1643 | Died |
| | Henry Arundell, 3rd Baron Arundell of Wardour | 1643 | 1694 |  |
| Baron Stanhope of Harrington (1605) | Charles Stanhope, 2nd Baron Stanhope | 1621 | 1675 |  |
| Baron Teynham (1616) | John Roper, 3rd Baron Teynham | 1628 | 1673 |  |
| Baron Brooke (1621) | Robert Greville, 2nd Baron Brooke | 1628 | 1643 | Died |
| | Francis Greville, 3rd Baron Brooke | 1643 | 1658 |  |
| Baron Montagu of Boughton (1621) | Edward Montagu, 1st Baron Montagu of Boughton | 1621 | 1644 | Died |
| | Edward Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton | 1644 | 1684 |  |
| Baron Grey of Warke (1624) | William Grey, 1st Baron Grey of Werke | 1624 | 1674 |  |
| Baron Deincourt (1624) | Francis Leke, 1st Baron Deincourt | 1624 | 1655 | Created Earl of Scarsdale, see above |
| Baron Robartes (1625) | John Robartes, 2nd Baron Robartes | 1625 | 1685 |  |
| Baron Craven (1627) | Willian Craven, 1st Baron Craven | 1627 | 1697 |  |
| Baron Fauconberg (1627) | Thomas Belasyse, 1st Baron Fauconberg | 1627 | 1653 | Created Viscount Fauconberg, see above |
| Baron Lovelace (1627) | John Lovelace, 2nd Baron Lovelace | 1634 | 1670 |  |
| Baron Poulett (1627) | John Poulett, 1st Baron Poulett | 1627 | 1649 | Died |
| | John Poulett, 2nd Baron Poulett | 1649 | 1665 |  |
| Baron Clifford (1628) | Henry Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford | 1628 | 1643 | Succeeded as Earl of Cumberland, see above |
| | Elizabeth Boyle, Baroness Clifford | 1643 | 1691 |  |
| Baron Brudenell (1628) | Thomas Brudenell, 1st Baron Brudenell | 1628 | 1663 |  |
| Baron Hervey (1628) | William Hervey, 1st Baron Hervey | 1628 | 1642 | Died, title extinct |
| Baron Strange (1628) | James Stanley, 1st Baron Strange | 1628 | 1651 | Succeeded as Earl of Derby, see above |
| Baron Maynard (1628) | William Maynard, 1st Baron Maynard | 1628 | 1640 | Died |
| | William Maynard, 2nd Baron Maynard | 1640 | 1699 |  |
| Baron Coventry (1628) | Thomas Coventry, 1st Baron Coventry | 1628 | 1640 | Died |
| | Thomas Coventry, 2nd Baron Coventry | 1640 | 1661 |  |
| Baron Goring (1628) | George Goring, 1st Baron Goring | 1628 | 1644 | Created Earl of Norwich, see above |
| Baron Mohun of Okehampton (1628) | John Mohun, 1st Baron Mohun of Okehampton | 1628 | 1640 | Died |
| | Warwick Mohun, 2nd Baron Mohun of Okehampton | 1640 | 1665 |  |
| Baron Boteler of Brantfield (1628) | William Boteler, 2nd Baron Boteler of Brantfield | 1637 | 1657 |  |
| Baron Dunsmore (1628) | Francis Leigh, 1st Baron Dunsmore | 1628 | 1653 | Created Earl of Chichester, see above |
| Baron Powis (1629) | William Herbert, 1st Baron Powis | 1629 | 1655 |  |
| Baron Herbert of Chirbury (1629) | Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury | 1629 | 1648 | Died |
| | Richard Herbert, 2nd Baron Herbert of Chirbury | 1648 | 1655 |  |
| Baron Cottington (1631) | Francis Cottington, 1st Baron Cottington | 1631 | 1652 |  |
| Baron Finch (1640) | John Finch, 1st Baron Finch | 1640 | 1660 | New creation |
| Baron (A)bergavenny (1641) | John Nevill, 1st Baron Bergavenny | 1641 | 1662 | New creation |
| Baron Lyttelton (1641) | Edward Littleton, 1st Baron Lyttelton | 1641 | 1645 | New creation; died, title extinct |
| Baron Seymour of Trowbridge (1641) | Francis Seymour, 1st Baron Seymour of Trowbridge | 1641 | 1664 | New creation |
| Baron Capell of Hadham (1641) | Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham | 1641 | 1649 | New creation; died |
| | Arthur Capell, 2nd Baron Capell of Hadham | 1649 | 1683 |  |
| Baron Hatton (1642) | Christopher Hatton, 1st Baron Hatton | 1642 | 1670 | New creation |
| Baron Newport (1642) | Richard Newport, 1st Baron Newport | 1642 | 1651 | New creation |
| Baron Craven of Ryton (1643) | John Craven, 1st Baron Craven of Ryton | 1643 | 1648 | New creation; died, title extinct |
| Baron Percy of Alnwick (1643) | Henry Percy, Baron Percy of Alnwick | 1643 | 1659 | New creation |
| Baron Leigh (1643) | Thomas Leigh, 1st Baron Leigh | 1643 | 1672 | New creation |
| Baron Hopton (1643) | Ralph Hopton, 1st Baron Hopton | 1643 | 1652 | New creation |
| Baron Jermyn (1643) | Henry Jermyn, 1st Baron Jermyn | 1643 | 1684 | New creation |
| Baron Byron (1643) | John Byron, 1st Baron Byron | 1643 | 1652 | New creation |
| Baron Loughborough (1643) | Henry Hastings, 1st Baron Loughborough | 1643 | 1667 | New creation |
| Baron Widdrington (1643) | William Widdrington, 1st Baron Widdrington | 1643 | 1651 | New creation |
| Baron Ward (1644) | Humble Ward, 1st Baron Ward | 1644 | 1670 | New creation |
| Baron Colepeper (1644) | John Colepeper, 1st Baron Colepeper | 1644 | 1660 | New creation |
| Baron Astley of Reading (1644) | Jacob Astley, 1st Baron Astley of Reading | 1644 | 1652 | New creation |
| Baron Cobham (1645) | John Brooke, 1st Baron Cobham | 1645 | 1660 | New creation |
| Baron Lucas of Shenfield (1645) | John Lucas, 1st Baron Lucas of Shenfield | 1645 | 1671 | New creation |
| Baron Belasyse (1645) | John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse | 1645 | 1689 | New creation |
| Baron Rockingham (1645) | Lewis Watson, 1st Baron Rockingham | 1645 | 1653 | New creation |
| Baron Reede (1645) | John de Reede, 1st Baron Reede | 1645 | 1653 | New creation; Dutch diplomat |
| Baron Gerard of Brandon (1645) | Charles Gerard, 1st Baron Gerard of Brandon | 1645 | 1694 | New creation |
| Baron Lexinton (1645) | Robert Sutton, 1st Baron Lexinton | 1645 | 1668 | New creation |

## Peerage of Scotland

| Title | Holder | Date gained | Date lost | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Duke of Rothesay (1398) | Charles Stuart, Duke of Rothesay | 1630 | 1649 | Acceded to the Throne of England and Scotland |
| Duke of Lennox (1581) | James Stewart, 4th Duke of Lennox | 1624 | 1655 |  |
| Duke of Hamilton (1643) | James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton | 1643 | 1649 | New creation; died |
| | William Hamilton, 2nd Duke of Hamilton | 1649 | 1651 |  |
| Marquess of Huntly (1599) | George Gordon, 2nd Marquess of Huntly | 1636 | 1649 | Died |
| | Lewis Gordon, 3rd Marquess of Huntly | 1649 | 1653 |  |
| Marquess of Hamilton (1599) | James Hamilton, 3rd Marquess of Hamilton | 1625 | 1649 | Created Duke of Hamilton, see above |
| Marquess of Douglas (1633) | William Douglas, 1st Marquess of Douglas | 1633 | 1660 |  |
| Marquess of Argyll (1641) | Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll | 1641 | 1661 | New creation |
| Marquess of Montrose (1644) | James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose | 1644 | 1650 | New creation |
| Earl of Argyll (1457) | Archibald Campbell, 8th Earl of Argyll | 1638 | 1661 | Created Marquess of Argyll, see above |
| Earl of Crawford (1398) | Ludovic Lindsay, 16th Earl of Crawford | 1639 | 1652 |  |
| Earl of Erroll (1452) | Gilbert Hay, 11th Earl of Erroll | 1636 | 1674 |  |
| Earl Marischal (1458) | William Keith, 7th Earl Marischal | 1635 | 1671 |  |
| Earl of Sutherland (1235) | John Gordon, 14th Earl of Sutherland | 1615 | 1679 |  |
| Earl of Mar (1114) | John Erskine, 19th Earl of Mar | 1634 | 1654 |  |
| Earl of Rothes (1458) | John Leslie, 6th Earl of Rothes | 1611 | 1641 | Died |
| | John Leslie, 7th Earl of Rothes | 1641 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Morton (1458) | William Douglas, 7th Earl of Morton | 1606 | 1648 | Died |
| | Robert Douglas, 8th Earl of Morton | 1648 | 1649 | Died |
| | William Douglas, 9th Earl of Morton | 1649 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Menteith (1427) | William Graham, 7th Earl of Menteith | 1598 | 1661 |  |
| Earl of Glencairn (1488) | William Cunningham, 9th Earl of Glencairn | 1631 | 1664 |  |
| Earl of Eglinton (1507) | Alexander Montgomerie, 6th Earl of Eglinton | 1612 | 1661 |  |
| Earl of Montrose (1503) | James Graham, 5th Earl of Montrose | 1626 | 1650 | Created Marquess of Montrose, see above |
| Earl of Cassilis (1509) | John Kennedy, 6th Earl of Cassilis | 1615 | 1668 |  |
| Earl of Caithness (1455) | George Sinclair, 5th Earl of Caithness | 1582 | 1643 | Died |
| | George Sinclair, 6th Earl of Caithness | 1643 | 1672 |  |
| Earl of Buchan (1469) | James Erskine, 7th Earl of Buchan | 1628 | 1664 |  |
| Earl of Moray (1562) | James Stewart, 4th Earl of Moray | 1638 | 1653 |  |
| Earl of Linlithgow (1600) | Alexander Livingston, 2nd Earl of Linlithgow | 1621 | 1650 |  |
| Earl of Winton (1600) | George Seton, 3rd Earl of Winton | 1607 | 1650 |  |
| Earl of Home (1605) | James Home, 3rd Earl of Home | 1633 | 1666 |  |
| Earl of Perth (1605) | John Drummond, 2nd Earl of Perth | 1611 | 1662 |  |
| Earl of Dunfermline (1605) | Charles Seton, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline | 1622 | 1672 |  |
| Earl of Wigtown (1606) | John Fleming, 2nd Earl of Wigtown | 1619 | 1650 |  |
| Earl of Abercorn (1606) | James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Abercorn | 1618 | 1670 |  |
| Earl of Kinghorne (1606) | John Lyon, 2nd Earl of Kinghorne | 1615 | 1646 | Died |
| | Patrick Lyon, 3rd Earl of Kinghorne | 1646 | 1695 |  |
| Earl of Roxburghe (1616) | Robert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe | 1616 | 1650 |  |
| Earl of Kellie (1619) | Thomas Erskine, 2nd Earl of Kellie | 1639 | 1643 | Died |
| | Alexander Erskine, 3rd Earl of Kellie | 1643 | 1677 |  |
| Earl of Buccleuch (1619) | Francis Scott, 2nd Earl of Buccleuch | 1633 | 1651 |  |
| Earl of Haddington (1619) | Thomas Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Haddington | 1637 | 1640 | Died |
| | Thomas Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Haddington | 1640 | 1645 | Died |
| | John Hamilton, 4th Earl of Haddington | 1645 | 1669 |  |
| Earl of Nithsdale (1620) | Robert Maxwell, 1st Earl of Nithsdale | 1620 | 1646 | Died |
| | Robert Maxwell, 2nd Earl of Nithsdale | 1646 | 1667 |  |
| Earl of Galloway (1623) | Alexander Stewart, 1st Earl of Galloway | 1623 | 1649 | Died |
| | James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Galloway | 1649 | 1671 |  |
| Earl of Seaforth (1623) | George Mackenzie, 2nd Earl of Seaforth | 1633 | 1651 |  |
| Earl of Lauderdale (1624) | John Maitland, 1st Earl of Lauderdale | 1624 | 1645 | Died |
| | John Maitland, 2nd Earl of Lauderdale | 1645 | 1682 |  |
| Earl of Annandale (1625) | John Murray, 1st Earl of Annandale | 1625 | 1640 | Died |
| | James Murray, 2nd Earl of Annandale | 1640 | 1658 |  |
| Earl of Tullibardine (1628) | Patrick Murray, 1st Earl of Tullibardine | 1628 | 1644 | Died |
| | James Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine | 1644 | 1670 |  |
| Earl of Carrick (1628) | John Stewart, 1st Earl of Carrick | 1628 | 1646 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Atholl (1629) | John Murray, 1st Earl of Atholl | 1629 | 1642 | Died |
| | John Murray, 2nd Earl of Atholl | 1642 | 1703 |  |
| Earl of Lothian (1631) | William Kerr, 1st Earl of Lothian | 1631 | 1675 |  |
| Earl of Airth (1633) | William Graham, 1st Earl of Airth | 1633 | 1661 |  |
| Earl of Lindsay (1633) | John Lindsay, 1st Earl of Lindsay | 1633 | 1678 | Succeeded to the more senior Earldom of Crawford, see above |
| Earl of Loudoun (1633) | John Campbell, 1st Earl of Loudoun | 1633 | 1662 |  |
| Earl of Kinnoull (1633) | George Hay, 2nd Earl of Kinnoull | 1634 | 1644 | Died |
| | George Hay, 3rd Earl of Kinnoull | 1644 | 1650 |  |
| Earl of Dumfries (1633) | William Crichton, 1st Earl of Dumfries | 1633 | 1643 | Died |
| | William Crichton, 2nd Earl of Dumfries | 1643 | 1691 |  |
| Earl of Queensberry (1633) | William Douglas, 1st Earl of Queensberry | 1633 | 1640 | Died |
| | James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Queensberry | 1640 | 1671 |  |
| Earl of Stirling (1633) | William Alexander, 1st Earl of Stirling | 1633 | 1640 | Died |
| | William Alexander, 2nd Earl of Stirling | 1640 | 1640 | Died |
| | Henry Alexander, 3rd Earl of Stirling | 1640 | 1644 | Died |
| | Henry Alexander, 4th Earl of Stirling | 1644 | 1691 |  |
| Earl of Elgin (1633) | Thomas Bruce, 1st Earl of Elgin | 1633 | 1663 |  |
| Earl of Southesk (1633) | David Carnegie, 1st Earl of Southesk | 1633 | 1658 |  |
| Earl of Traquair (1633) | John Stewart, 1st Earl of Traquair | 1633 | 1659 |  |
| Earl of Ancram (1633) | Robert Kerr, 1st Earl of Ancram | 1633 | 1654 |  |
| Earl of Wemyss (1633) | John Wemyss, 1st Earl of Wemyss | 1633 | 1649 | Died |
| | David Wemyss, 2nd Earl of Wemyss | 1649 | 1679 |  |
| Earl of Dalhousie (1633) | William Ramsay, 1st Earl of Dalhousie | 1633 | 1672 |  |
| Earl of Findlater (1638) | James Ogilvy, 1st Earl of Findlater | 1638 | 1653 |  |
| Earl of Lanark (1639) | William Hamilton, 1st Earl of Lanark | 1639 | 1651 | Succeeded to the Dukedom of Hamilton, see above |
| Earl of Airlie (1639) | James Ogilvy, 1st Earl of Airlie | 1639 | 1665 |  |
| Earl of Carnwath (1639) | Robert Dalzell, 1st Earl of Carnwath | 1639 | 1654 |  |
| Earl of Callendar (1641) | James Livingston, 1st Earl of Callendar | 1641 | 1674 | New creation |
| Earl of Leven (1641) | Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven | 1641 | 1661 | New creation |
| Earl of Forth (1642) | Patrick Ruthven, 1st Earl of Forth | 1642 | 1651 | New creation |
| Earl of Irvine (1642) | James Campbell, 1st Earl of Irvine | 1642 | 1654 | New creation; died, Earldom extinct; the Lordship Kintyre passed to the Marquess of Argyll |
| Earl of Hartfell (1643) | William Murray, 1st Earl of Dysart | 1643 | 1655 | New creation |
| Earl of Dysart (1643) | Robert Dalzell, 1st Earl of Carnwath | 1643 | 1654 | New creation |
| Earl of Dirletoun (1646) | James Maxwell, 1st Earl of Dirletoun | 1646 | 1650 | New creation |
| Earl of Panmure (1646) | Patrick Maule, 1st Earl of Panmure | 1646 | 1661 | New creation |
| Earl of Selkirk (1646) | William Hamilton, 1st Earl of Selkirk | 1646 | 1694 | New creation |
| Earl of Tweeddale (1646) | John Hay, 1st Earl of Tweeddale | 1646 | 1653 | New creation |
| Earl of Northesk (1647) | John Carnegie, 1st Earl of Northesk | 1647 | 1667 | New creation |
| Earl of Kincardine (1647) | Edward Bruce, 1st Earl of Kincardine | 1647 | 1662 | New creation |
| Viscount of Falkland (1620) | Lucius Cary, 2nd Viscount of Falkland | 1633 | 1643 | Died |
| | Lucius Cary, 3rd Viscount of Falkland | 1643 | 1649 | Died |
| | Henry Cary, 4th Viscount of Falkland | 1649 | 1663 |  |
| Viscount of Dunbar (1620) | Henry Constable, 1st Viscount of Dunbar | 1620 | 1645 | Died |
| | John Constable, 2nd Viscount of Dunbar | 1645 | 1668 |  |
| Viscount of Stormont (1621) | Mungo Murray, 2nd Viscount of Stormont | 1631 | 1642 | Died, title succeeded by the Earl of Annandale |
| Viscount of Aboyne (1632) | James Gordon, 2nd Viscount Aboyne | 1636 | 1649 | Died, title extinct |
| Viscount of Kenmure (1633) | John Gordon, 3rd Viscount of Kenmure | 1639 | 1643 | Died |
| | Robert Gordon, 4th Viscount of Kenmure | 1643 | 1663 |  |
| Viscount of Arbuthnott (1641) | Robert Arbuthnot, 1st Viscount of Arbuthnott | 1641 | 1655 | New creation |
| Viscount of Dudhope (1641) | John Scrymgeour, 1st Viscount of Dudhope | 1641 | 1643 | New creation; died |
| | James Scrymgeour, 2nd Viscount of Dudhope | 1643 | 1644 | Died |
| | John Scrymgeour, 3rd Viscount of Dudhope | 1644 | 1668 |  |
| Viscount of Frendraught (1642) | James Crichton, 1st Viscount of Frendraught | 1642 | 1650 | New creation |
| Viscount of Newburgh (1647) | James Levingston, 1st Viscount of Newburgh | 1647 | 1670 | New creation |
| Lord Somerville (1430) | Hugh Somerville, 9th Lord Somerville | 1618 | 1640 | Died |
| | James Somerville, 10th Lord Somerville | 1640 | 1677 |  |
| Lord Forbes (1442) | Arthur Forbes, 9th Lord Forbes | 1606 | 1641 | Died |
| | Alexander Forbes, 10th Lord Forbes | 1641 | 1672 |  |
| Lord Saltoun (1445) | Alexander Abernethy, 9th Lord Saltoun | 1612 | 1668 |  |
| Lord Gray (1445) | Andrew Gray, 7th Lord Gray | 1611 | 1663 |  |
| Lord Sinclair (1449) | John Sinclair, 9th Lord Sinclair | 1615 | 1676 |  |
| Lord Borthwick (1452) | John Borthwick, 9th Lord Borthwick | 1623 | 1675 |  |
| Lord Boyd (1454) | Robert Boyd, 8th Lord Boyd | 1628 | 1640 | Died |
| | James Boyd, 9th Lord Boyd | 1640 | 1654 |  |
| Lord Oliphant (1455) | Patrick Oliphant, 6th Lord Oliphant | 1631 | 1680 |  |
| Lord Cathcart (1460) | Alan Cathcart, 6th Lord Cathcart | 1628 | 1709 |  |
| Lord Lovat (1464) | Hugh Fraser, 7th Lord Lovat | 1633 | 1646 | Died |
| | Hugh Fraser, 8th Lord Lovat | 1646 | 1672 |  |
| Lord Hay of Yester (1488) | John Hay, 8th Lord Hay of Yester | 1609 | 1653 | Created Earl of Tweeddale, see above |
| Lord Sempill (1489) | Francis Sempill, 6th Lord Sempill | 1639 | 1644 | Died |
| | Robert Sempill, 7th Lord Sempill | 1644 | 1675 |  |
| Lord Herries of Terregles (1490) | John Maxwell, 7th Lord Herries of Terregles | 1631 | 1677 |  |
| Lord Ross (1499) | William Ross, 8th Lord Ross | 1636 | 1640 | Died |
| | Robert Ross, 9th Lord Ross | 1640 | 1648 | Died |
| | William Ross, 10th Lord Ross | 1648 | 1656 |  |
| Lord Elphinstone (1509) | Alexander Elphinstone, 5th Lord Elphinstone | 1638 | 1648 | Died |
| | Alexander Elphinstone, 6th Lord Elphinstone | 1648 | 1654 |  |
| Lord Ochiltree (1543) | James Stewart, 4th Lord Ochiltree | 1615 | 1658 |  |
| Lord Torphichen (1564) | John Sandilands, 5th Lord Torphichen | 1637 | 1649 | Died |
| | Walter Sandilands, 6th Lord Torphichen | 1649 | 1696 |  |
| Lord Spynie (1590) | Alexander Lindsay, 2nd Lord Spynie | 1607 | 1646 | Died |
| | George Lindsay, 3rd Lord Spynie | 1646 | 1671 |  |
| Lord Lindores (1600) | Patrick Leslie, 2nd Lord Lindores | 1608 | 1649 | Died |
| | James Leslie, 3rd Lord Lindores | 1649 | 1666 |  |
| Lord Colville of Culross (1604) | James Colville, 2nd Lord Colville of Culross | 1629 | 1654 |  |
| Lord Balmerinoch (1606) | John Elphinstone, 2nd Lord Balmerino | 1612 | 1649 | Died |
| | John Elphinstone, 3rd Lord Balmerino | 1649 | 1704 |  |
| Lord Blantyre (1606) | Walter Stewart, 3rd Lord Blantyre | 1638 | 1641 | Died |
| | Alexander Stewart, 4th Lord Blantyre | 1641 | 1670 |  |
| Lord Coupar (1607) | James Elphinstone, 1st Lord Coupar | 1607 | 1669 |  |
| Lord Balfour of Burleigh (1607) | Robert Balfour, 2nd Lord Balfour of Burleigh | 1619 | 1663 |  |
| Lord Cranstoun (1609) | John Cranstoun, 2nd Lord Cranstoun | 1627 | 1648 | Died |
| | William Cranstoun, 3rd Lord Cranstoun | 1648 | 1664 |  |
| Lord Maderty (1609) | John Drummond, 2nd Lord Madderty | 1623 | 1647 | Died |
| | David Drummond, 3rd Lord Madderty | 1647 | 1692 |  |
| Lord Dingwall (1609) | Elizabeth Preston, 2nd Lady Dingwall | 1628 | 1684 |  |
| Lord Cardross (1610) | David Erskine, 2nd Lord Cardross | 1634 | 1671 |  |
| Lord Melville of Monymaill (1616) | John Melville, 3rd Lord Melville | 1635 | 1643 | Died |
| | George Melville, 4th Lord Melville | 1643 | 1707 |  |
| Lord Kintyre (1626) | James Campbell, 1st Lord Kintyre | 1626 | 1645 | Created Earl of Irvine in 1642, see above. |
| Lord Aston of Forfar (1627) | Walter Aston, 1st Lord Aston of Forfar | 1627 | 1639 | Died |
| | Walter Aston, 2nd Lord Aston of Forfar | 1639 | 1678 |  |
| Lord Barrett (1627) | Edward Barrett, 1st Lord Barrett of Newburgh | 1627 | 1645 | Died, title extinct |
| Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1627) | Thomas Fairfax, 1st Lord Fairfax of Cameron | 1627 | 1640 | Died |
| | Ferdinando Fairfax, 2nd Lord Fairfax of Cameron | 1640 | 1648 | Died |
| | Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron | 1648 | 1671 |  |
| Lord Napier (1627) | Archibald Napier, 1st Lord Napier | 1627 | 1645 | Died |
| | Archibald Napier, 2nd Lord Napier | 1645 | 1660 |  |
| Lord Reay (1628) | Donald Mackay, 1st Lord Reay | 1628 | 1649 | Died |
| | John Mackay, 2nd Lord Reay | 1649 | 1681 |  |
| Lord Cramond (1628) | Elizabeth Richardson, 1st Lady Cramond | 1628 | 1651 |  |
| Lord Lindsay of Balcarres (1633) | David Lindsay, 1st Lord Balcarres | 1633 | 1641 | Died |
| | Alexander Lindsay, 2nd Lord Balcarres | 1641 | 1659 |  |
| Lord Livingston of Almond (1633) | James Livingston, 1st Lord Livingston of Almond | 1633 | 1674 | Created Earl of Callendar, see above |
| Lord Forbes of Pitsligo (1633) | Alexander Forbes, 2nd Lord Forbes of Pitsligo | 1636 | 1690 |  |
| Lord Kirkcudbright (1633) | Robert Maclellan, 1st Lord Kirkcudbright | 1633 | 1641 | Died |
| | Thomas Maclellan, 2nd Lord Kirkcudbright | 1641 | 1647 | Died |
| | John Maclellan, 3rd Lord Kirkcudbright | 1647 | 1664 |  |
| Lord Fraser (1633) | Andrew Fraser, 2nd Lord Fraser | 1636 | 1674 |  |
| Lord Forrester (1633) | George Forrester, 1st Lord Forrester | 1633 | 1654 |  |
| Lord Innerwick (1638) | James Maxwell, 1st Lord Innerwick | 1638 | 1650 | Created Earl of Dirletoun, see above |
| Lord Rosehill and Inglismaldie (1639) | John Carnegie, 1st Lord Rosehill and Inglismaldie | 1639 | 1667 | Created Earl of Northesk, see above |
| Lord Ruthven of Ettrick (1639) | Patrick Ruthven, 1st Lord Ruthven of Ettrick | 1639 | 1651 | Created Earl of Forth, see above |
| Lord Bargany (1641) | John Hamilton, 1st Lord Bargany | 1641 | 1658 | New creation |
| Lord Balvaird (1641) | Andrew Murray, 1st Lord Balvaird | 1641 | 1644 | New creation; died |
| | David Murray, 2nd Lord Balvaird | 1644 | 1664 |  |
| Lord Eythin (1642) | James King, 1st Lord Eythin | 1642 | 1652 | New creation |
| Lord Banff (1642) | George Ogilvy, 1st Lord Banff | 1642 | 1663 | New creation |
| Lord Elibank (1643) | Patrick Murray, 1st Lord Elibank | 1643 | 1649 | New creation; died |
| | Patrick Murray, 2nd Lord Elibank | 1649 | 1661 |  |
| Lord Dunkeld (1645) | James Galloway, 1st Lord Dunkeld | 1645 | 1660 | New creation |
| Lord Falconer of Halkerton (1646) | Alexander Falconer, 1st Lord Falconer of Halkerton | 1646 | 1671 | New creation |
| Lord Abercrombie (1647) | James Sandilands, 1st Lord Abercrombie | 1647 | 1658 | New creation |
| Lord Belhaven and Stenton (1647) | John Hamilton, 1st Lord Belhaven and Stenton | 1647 | 1679 | New creation |
| Lord Cochrane of Dundonald (1647) | William Cochrane, Lord Cochrane of Dundonald | 1647 | 1685 | New creation |
| Lord Carmichael (1647) | James Carmichael, 1st Lord Carmichael | 1647 | 1672 | New creation |

## Peerage of Ireland

| Title | Holder | Date gained | Date lost | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Marquess of Ormonde (1642) | James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde | 1642 | 1688 | New creation |
| Marquess of Antrim (1645) | Randal MacDonnell, 1st Marquess of Antrim | 1645 | 1683 | New creation |
| Marquess of Clanricarde (1646) | Ulick Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde | 1646 | 1657 | New creation |
| Earl of Kildare (1316) | George FitzGerald, 16th Earl of Kildare | 1620 | 1660 |  |
| Earl of Ormond (1328) | James Butler, 12th Earl of Ormonde | 1633 | 1688 | Created Marquess of Ormonde, see above |
| Earl of Waterford (1446) | John Talbot, 10th Earl of Waterford | 1630 | 1654 |  |
| Earl of Clanricarde (1543) | Ulick Burke, 5th Earl of Clanricarde | 1635 | 1657 | Created Marquess of Clanricarde, see above |
| Earl of Thomond (1543) | Barnabas O'Brien, 6th Earl of Thomond | 1639 | 1657 |  |
| Earl of Castlehaven (1616) | James Tuchet, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven | 1630 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of Cork (1620) | Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork | 1620 | 1643 | Died |
| | Richard Boyle, 2nd Earl of Cork | 1643 | 1698 |  |
| Earl of Antrim (1620) | Randal MacDonnell, 2nd Earl of Antrim | 1636 | 1682 | Created Marquess of Antrim, see above |
| Earl of Westmeath (1621) | Richard Nugent, 1st Earl of Westmeath | 1621 | 1642 | Died |
| | Richard Nugent, 2nd Earl of Westmeath | 1642 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of Roscommon (1622) | James Dillon, 1st Earl of Roscommon | 1622 | 1642 | Died |
| | Robert Dillon, 2nd Earl of Roscommon | 1642 | 1642 | Died |
| | James Dillon, 3rd Earl of Roscommon | 1642 | 1649 | Died |
| | Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon | 1649 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Londonderry (1622) | Robert Ridgeway, 2nd Earl of Londonderry | 1631 | 1641 | Died |
| | Weston Ridgeway, 3rd Earl of Londonderry | 1641 | 1672 |  |
| Earl of Meath (1627) | William Brabazon, 1st Earl of Meath | 1627 | 1651 |  |
| Earl of Barrymore (1628) | David Barry, 1st Earl of Barrymore | 1628 | 1642 | Died |
| | Richard Barry, 2nd Earl of Barrymore | 1642 | 1694 |  |
| Earl of Carbery (1628) | Richard Vaughan, 2nd Earl of Carbery | 1634 | 1687 |  |
| Earl of Fingall (1628) | Christopher Plunkett, 2nd Earl of Fingall | 1637 | 1649 | Died |
| | Luke Plunkett, 3rd Earl of Fingall | 1649 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of Downe (1628) | William Pope, 1st Earl of Downe | 1628 | 1640 | Died |
| | Thomas Pope, 2nd Earl of Downe | 1640 | 1660 |  |
| Earl of Desmond (1628) | George Feilding, 1st Earl of Desmond | 1628 | 1665 |  |
| Earl of Ardglass (1645) | Thomas Cromwell, 1st Earl of Ardglass | 1645 | 1653 | New creation |
| Earl of Leinster (1646) | Robert Cholmondeley, 1st Earl of Leinster | 1646 | 1659 | New creation |
| Earl of Donegall (1647) | Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall | 1647 | 1675 | New creation |
| Earl of Cavan (1647) | Charles Lambart, 1st Earl of Cavan | 1647 | 1660 | New creation |
| Earl of Clanbrassil (1647) | James Hamilton, 1st Earl of Clanbrassil | 1647 | 1659 | New creation |
| Viscount Gormanston (1478) | Nicholas Preston, 6th Viscount Gormanston | 1630 | 1643 | Died |
| | Jenico Preston, 7th Viscount Gormanston | 1643 | 1691 |  |
| Viscount Mountgarret (1550) | Richard Butler, 3rd Viscount Mountgarret | 1602 | 1651 |  |
| Viscount Grandison (1621) | William Villiers, 2nd Viscount Grandison | 1630 | 1643 | Died |
| | John Villiers, 3rd Viscount Grandison | 1643 | 1661 |  |
| Viscount Wilmot (1621) | Charles Wilmot, 1st Viscount Wilmot | 1621 | 1644 | Died |
| | Henry Wilmot, 2nd Viscount Wilmot | 1644 | 1658 |  |
| Viscount Valentia (1621/1622) | Henry Power, 1st Viscount Valentia | 1621 | 1642 | Died; succession according to 1622 regrant |
| | Francis Annesley, 1st Viscount Valentia | 1642 | 1660 |  |
| Viscount Moore (1621) | Charles Moore, 2nd Viscount Moore | 1627 | 1643 | Died |
| | Henry Moore, 3rd Viscount Moore | 1643 | 1675 |  |
| Viscount Dillon (1622) | Thomas Dillon, 4th Viscount Dillon | 1630 | 1672 |  |
| Viscount Loftus (1622) | Adam Loftus, 1st Viscount Loftus | 1622 | 1643 | Died |
| | Edward Loftus, 2nd Viscount Loftus | 1643 | 1680 |  |
| Viscount Beaumont of Swords (1622) | Sapcote Beaumont, 2nd Viscount Beaumont of Swords | 1625 | 1658 |  |
| Viscount Netterville (1622) | Nicholas Netterville, 1st Viscount Netterville | 1622 | 1654 |  |
| Viscount Montgomery (1622) | Hugh Montgomery, 2nd Viscount Montgomery | 1636 | 1642 | Died |
| | Hugh Montgomery, 3rd Viscount Montgomery | 1642 | 1663 |  |
| Viscount Claneboye (1622) | James Hamilton, 1st Viscount Claneboye | 1622 | 1644 | Died |
| | James Hamilton, 2nd Viscount Claneboye | 1644 | 1659 | Created Earl of Clanbrassil, see above |
| Viscount Magennis (1623) | Arthur Magennis, 3rd Viscount Magennis | 1639 | 1683 |  |
| Viscount Lecale (1624) | Thomas Cromwell, 1st Viscount Lecale | 1624 | 1653 | Created Earl of Ardglass, see above |
| Viscount Chichester (1625) | Edward Chichester, 1st Viscount Chichester | 1625 | 1648 | Created Earl of Donegall, see above |
| Viscount Kilmorey (1625) | Robert Needham, 2nd Viscount Kilmorey | 1631 | 1653 |  |
| Viscount Somerset (1626) | Thomas Somerset, 1st Viscount Somerset | 1626 | 1649 | Died, title extinct |
| Viscount Baltinglass (1627) | Thomas Roper, 2nd Viscount Baltinglass | 1637 | 1670 |  |
| Viscount Castleton (1627) | Nicholas Saunderson, 2nd Viscount Castleton | 1630 | 1640 | Died |
| | Nicholas Saunderson, 3rd Viscount Castleton | 1640 | 1641 | Died |
| | Peregrine Saunderson, 4th Viscount Castleton | 1641 | 1650 |  |
| Viscount Killultagh (1627) | Edward Conway, 2nd Viscount Killultagh | 1631 | 1655 |  |
| Viscount Mayo (1627) | Miles Bourke, 2nd Viscount Mayo | 1629 | 1649 | Died |
| | Theobald Bourke, 3rd Viscount Mayo | 1649 | 1652 |  |
| Viscount Sarsfield (1627) | William Sarsfield, 2nd Viscount Sarsfield | 1636 | 1648 | Died |
| | David Sarsfield, 3rd Viscount Sarsfield | 1648 | 1687 |  |
| Viscount Boyle of Kinalmeaky (1628) | Lewis Boyle, 1st Viscount Boyle of Kinalmeaky | 1628 | 1642 | Died |
| | Richard Boyle, 2nd Viscount Boyle of Kinalmeaky | 1642 | 1698 | Succeeded as Earl of Cork, see above |
| Viscount Chaworth (1628) | John Chaworth, 2nd Viscount Chaworth | 1639 | 1644 | Died |
| | Patrick Chaworth, 3rd Viscount Chaworth | 1644 | 1693 |  |
| Viscount Savile (1628) | Thomas Savile, 1st Viscount Savile | 1628 | 1659 |  |
| Viscount Cholmondeley (1628) | Robert Cholmondeley, 1st Viscount Cholmondeley | 1628 | 1659 | Created Earl of Leinster, see above |
| Viscount Lumley (1628) | Richard Lumley, 1st Viscount Lumley | 1628 | 1663 |  |
| Viscount Taaffe (1628) | John Taaffe, 1st Viscount Taaffe | 1628 | 1642 | Died |
| | Theobald Taaffe, 2nd Viscount Taaffe | 1642 | 1677 |  |
| Viscount Molyneux (1628) | Richard Molyneux, 2nd Viscount Molyneux | 1636 | 1654 |  |
| Viscount Monson (1628) | William Monson, 1st Viscount Monson | 1628 | 1660 |  |
| Viscount Muskerry (1628) | Charles MacCarthy, 1st Viscount Muskerry | 1628 | 1641 | Died |
| | Donough MacCarty, 2nd Viscount Muskerry | 1640 | 1665 |  |
| Viscount Strangford (1628) | Philip Smythe, 2nd Viscount Strangford | 1635 | 1708 |  |
| Viscount Scudamore (1628) | John Scudamore, 1st Viscount Scudamore | 1628 | 1671 |  |
| Viscount Wenman (1628) | Richard Wenman, 1st Viscount Wenman | 1628 | 1640 | Died |
| | Thomas Wenman, 2nd Viscount Wenman | 1640 | 1665 |  |
| Viscount Ranelagh (1628) | Roger Jones, 1st Viscount Ranelagh | 1628 | 1643 | Died |
| | Arthur Jones, 2nd Viscount Ranelagh | 1643 | 1669 |  |
| Viscount Bourke of Clanmories (1629) | Thomas Bourke, 2nd Viscount Bourke | 1635 | 1650 |  |
| Viscount FitzWilliam (1629) | Thomas FitzWilliam, 1st Viscount FitzWilliam | 1629 | 1650 |  |
| Viscount Fairfax of Emley (1629) | Thomas Fairfax, 2nd Viscount Fairfax of Emley | 1636 | 1641 | Died |
| | William Fairfax, 3rd Viscount Fairfax of Emley | 1641 | 1648 | Died |
| | Thomas Fairfax, 4th Viscount Fairfax of Emley | 1648 | 1651 |  |
| Viscount Ikerrin (1629) | Pierce Butler, 1st Viscount Ikerrin | 1629 | 1674 |  |
| Viscount Clanmalier (1631) | Lewis O'Dempsey, 2nd Viscount Clanmalier | 1638 | 1683 |  |
| Viscount Cullen (1642) | Charles Cokayne, 1st Viscount Cullen | 1642 | 1661 | New creation |
| Viscount Carrington (1643) | Charles Smyth, 1st Viscount Carrington | 1643 | 1665 | New creation |
| Viscount Tracy (1643) | John Tracy, 1st Viscount Tracy | 1643 | 1648 | New creation; died |
| | Robert Tracy, 2nd Viscount Tracy | 1648 | 1662 |  |
| Viscount Bulkeley (1644) | Thomas Bulkeley, 1st Viscount Bulkeley | 1644 | 1659 | New creation |
| Viscount Bellomont (1645) | Henry Bard, 1st Viscount Bellomont | 1645 | 1656 | New creation |
| Viscount Brouncker (1645) | William Brouncker, 1st Viscount Brouncker | 1645 | 1645 | New creation; died |
| | William Brouncker, 2nd Viscount Brouncker | 1645 | 1684 | New creation |
| Viscount Ogle (1645) | William Ogle, 1st Viscount Ogle | 1645 | 1682 | New creation |
| Viscount Barnewall (1646) | Nicholas Barnewall, 1st Viscount Barnewall | 1646 | 1663 | New creation |
| Viscount Galmoye (1646) | Edward Butler, 1st Viscount of Galmoye | 1646 | 1653 | New creation |
| Baron Athenry (1172) | Richard III de Bermingham | 1612 | 1645 | Died |
| | Francis de Bermingham, 12th Baron Athenry | 1645 | 1677 |  |
| Baron Kingsale (1223) | Gerald de Courcy, 19th Baron Kingsale | 1628 | 1642 | Died |
| | Patrick de Courcy, 20th Baron Kingsale | 1642 | 1663 |  |
| Baron Kerry (1223) | Patrick Fitzmaurice, 19th Baron Kerry | 1630 | 1661 |  |
| Baron Slane (1370) | William Fleming, 14th Baron Slane | 1629 | 1641 | Died |
| | Charles Fleming, 15th Baron Slane | 1641 | 1661 |  |
| Baron Howth (1425) | Nicholas St Lawrence, 11th Baron Howth | 1619 | 1643 | Died |
| | William St Lawrence, 12th Baron Howth | 1643 | 1671 |  |
| Baron Trimlestown (1461) | Matthias Barnewall, 8th Baron Trimlestown | 1539 | 1667 |  |
| Baron Dunsany (1462) | Patrick Plunkett, 9th Baron of Dunsany | 1603 | 1668 |  |
| Baron Power (1535) | John Power, 5th Baron Power | 1607 | 1661 |  |
| Baron Dunboyne (1541) | Edmond Butler, 3rd/13th Baron Dunboyne | 1624 | 1640 | Died |
| | James Butler, 4th/14th Baron Dunboyne | 1640 | 1662 |  |
| Baron Louth (1541) | Oliver Plunkett, 6th Baron Louth | 1629 | 1679 |  |
| Baron Upper Ossory (1541) | Barnaby Fitzpatrick, 6th Baron Upper Ossory | 1638 | 1666 |  |
| Baron Inchiquin (1543) | Murrough O'Brien, 6th Baron Inchiquin | 1624 | 1674 |  |
| Baron Bourke of Castleconnell (1580) | William Bourke, 6th Baron Bourke of Connell | 1635 | 1665 |  |
| Baron Cahir (1583) | Thomas Butler, 3rd Baron Cahir | 1627 | 1648 | Died |
| | Pierce Butler, 4th Baron Cahir | 1648 | 1676 |  |
| Baron Hamilton (1617) | James Hamilton, 3rd Baron Hamilton of Strabane | 1638 | 1655 |  |
| Baron Bourke of Brittas (1618) | Theobald Bourke, 1st Baron Bourke of Brittas | 1618 | 1654 |  |
| Baron Lambart (1618) | Charles Lambart, 2nd Baron Lambart | 1618 | 1660 | Created Earl of Cavan, see above |
| Baron Mountjoy (1618) | Mountjoy Blount, 1st Baron Mountjoy | 1618 | 1665 |  |
| Baron Castle Stewart (1619) | Andrew Stewart, 3rd Baron Castle Stewart | 1639 | 1650 |  |
| Baron Folliot (1620) | Thomas Folliott, 2nd Baron Folliott | 1622 | 1697 |  |
| Baron Maynard (1620) | William Maynard, 1st Baron Maynard | 1620 | 1640 | Died |
| | William Maynard, 2nd Baron Maynard | 1640 | 1699 |  |
| Baron Gorges of Dundalk (1620) | Edward Gorges, 1st Baron Gorges of Dundalk | 1620 | 1650 |  |
| Baron Offaly (1620) | Lettice Digby, 1st Baroness Offaly | 1620 | 1658 |  |
| Baron Digby (1620) | Robert Digby, 1st Baron Digby | 1620 | 1642 | Died |
| | Kildare Digby, 2nd Baron Digby | 1642 | 1661 |  |
| Baron Hervey (1620) | William Hervey, 1st Baron Hervey | 1620 | 1642 | Died, title extinct |
| Baron Fitzwilliam (1620) | William Fitzwilliam, 1st Baron Fitzwilliam | 1620 | 1644 | Died |
| | William Fitzwilliam, 2nd Baron Fitzwilliam | 1644 | 1658 |  |
| Baron Caulfeild (1620) | William Caulfeild, 2nd Baron Caulfeild | 1627 | 1640 | Died |
| | Toby Caulfeild, 3rd Baron Caulfeild | 1640 | 1642 | Died |
| | Robert Caulfeild, 4th Baron Caulfeild | 1642 | 1642 | Died |
| | William Caulfeild, 5th Baron Caulfield | 1642 | 1671 |  |
| Baron Aungier (1621) | Gerald Aungier, 2nd Baron Aungier of Longford | 1632 | 1655 |  |
| Baron Blayney (1621) | Henry Blayney, 2nd Baron Blayney | 1629 | 1646 | Died |
| | Edward Blayney, 3rd Baron Blayney | 1646 | 1669 |  |
| Baron Dockwra (1621) | Theodore Dockwra, 2nd Baron Dockwra | 1631 | 1647 | Died, title extinct |
| Baron Esmonde (1622) | Laurence Esmonde, 1st Baron Esmonde | 1622 | 1646 | Died, title extinct |
| Baron Brereton (1624) | William Brereton, 2nd Baron Brereton | 1631 | 1664 |  |
| Baron Herbert of Castle Island (1624) | Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Castle Island | 1624 | 1648 | Died |
| | Richard Herbert, 2nd Baron Herbert of Castle Island | 1648 | 1655 |  |
| Baron Baltimore (1625) | Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore | 1632 | 1675 |  |
| Baron Coleraine (1625) | Hugh Hare, 1st Baron Coleraine | 1625 | 1667 |  |
| Baron Sherard (1627) | William Sherard, 1st Baron Sherard | 1627 | 1640 | Died |
| | Bennet Sherard, 2nd Baron Sherard | 1640 | 1700 |  |
| Baron Boyle of Broghill (1628) | Roger Boyle, 1st Baron Boyle of Broghill | 1628 | 1679 |  |
| Baron Maguire (1628) | Connor Maguire, 2nd Baron Maguire | 1633 | 1645 | Attainted and the barony was forfeited |
| Baron Mountnorris (1629) | Francis Annesley, 1st Baron Mountnorris | 1629 | 1660 | Succeeded to the Viscountcy Valentia, see above |
| Baron Alington (1642) | William Alington, 1st Baron Alington | 1642 | 1648 | New creation; died |
| | Giles Alington, 2nd Baron Alington | 1648 | 1659 |  |
| Baron Hawley (1646) | Francis Hawley, 1st Baron Hawley | 1646 | 1684 | New creation |

* Cokayne, George Edward, ed. (1887). *Complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct or dormant*. Vol. 1–8 (1st ed.). London: George Bell & Sons.

* Cracroft-Brennan, Patrick. "Cracroft's Peerage" (web). Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 1 October 2013.


title: Yvonne Oldfield

abstract: Yvonne Oldfield is a Jamaican former cricketer. She made her Women's One Day International debut during the 1973 Women's Cricket World Cup against Young England in a group stage match where fellow Jamaican players Grace Williams, Madge Stewart, Elaine Emmanual, Loretta McIntosh, Evelyn Bogle and Dorrett Davis also made their maiden international appearance in the inaugural Women's Cricket World Cup.

text:
# Yvonne Oldfield

**Yvonne Oldfield** is a Jamaican former cricketer. She made her Women's One Day International debut during the 1973 Women's Cricket World Cup against Young England in a group stage match where fellow Jamaican players Grace Williams, Madge Stewart, Elaine Emmanual, Loretta McIntosh, Evelyn Bogle and Dorrett Davis also made their maiden international appearance in the inaugural Women's Cricket World Cup.

## InfoBox

Yvonne Oldfield
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | unknown |
| International information | |
| National side |  |
| ODI debut (cap ) | 30 June 1973 v Young England |
| Last ODI | 14 July 1973 v International XI |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition WODI  Matches 4  Runs scored 7  Batting average 2.33  100s/50s 0/0  Top score 7  Balls bowled 6  Wickets 0  Bowling average   5 wickets in innings   10 wickets in match   Best bowling   Catches/stumpings 0/– | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 23 February 2018 | |


title: Willoughby Park

abstract: Willoughby Park is a city park in Friendship Heights, an incorporated area on the edge of Washington, D.C. Named after the adjacent Willoughby Condominium Building, it is at the intersection of Willard Ave and Friendship Boulevard. It is served by the Friendship Heights metro and bus station of the Washington Metro, which is located two blocks from the park. Designed by Robert (Bob) Good, of Stephenson & Good Landscape Architecture, The park is characterized by its location in the midst of high-rise luxury condominium buildings. While there is some traffic noise, the park is generally quiet with few users. Sharing the intersection is a Chipotle Restaurant, the edge of the Geico Corporate campus, and another park directly across the street.

text:
# Willoughby Park

**Willoughby Park** is a city park in Friendship Heights, an incorporated area on the edge of Washington, D.C. Named after the adjacent Willoughby Condominium Building, it is at the intersection of Willard Ave and Friendship Boulevard. It is served by the Friendship Heights metro and bus station of the Washington Metro, which is located two blocks from the park.

Designed by Robert (Bob) Good, of Stephenson & Good Landscape Architecture, The park is characterized by its location in the midst of high-rise luxury condominium buildings. While there is some traffic noise, the park is generally quiet with few users. Sharing the intersection is a Chipotle Restaurant, the edge of the Geico Corporate campus, and another park directly across the street.

## Features

The park is heavily terraced, and slopes downhill from Friendship Blvd. There are many flights of stairs and ledges. There are many growing trees, a grassy oval, paved brick surface, and benches located throughout the park. There is an iron armillary sphere sculpture that weighs 5,000 pounds with mythological creatures and birds sitting atop sculpted white clouds and black marble. The sculpture by Steven Weitzman is said to be based on ancient ways of reading the universe.

## History

In the 19th century, this land was part of the Shoemaker Farm. After the construction of the adjacent Willoughby condo, this land was known as Willoughby Gulch, and consisted of a steep grassy slope leading 40 vertical feet up to the street level from the side of the building. The land had been acquired for the construction of the Willoughby Condominium and plans called for construction of a third tower in this location. In April 2001 the park was renamed and redeveloped by JBG Co. as part of JBG's office and retail project to build the Chase Tower Complex (across the street).

In 2009, the park hosted the Capital Bocking USA event, where free lessons were given for walking on stilts.

38°57′43.9″N 77°5′20.4″W / 38.962194°N 77.089000°W / 38.962194; -77.089000


title: Phasia

abstract: Phasia is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

text:
# Phasia

***Phasia*** is a genus of flies in the family Tachinidae.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Phasia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *P. hemiptera* male on flower | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tachinidae |
| Subfamily: | Phasiinae |
| Tribe: | Phasiini |
| Genus: | *Phasia*
Latreille, 1804 |
|
| Type species | |
| *Conops subcoleoptratus*
Linnaeus, 1767 | |
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: V. Sivadasan

abstract: V. Sivadasan is an Indian Marxist politician from Kerala state belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and a Rajya Sabha member from Kerala. He was also the Independent Director of Kerala State Electricity Board.

text:
# V. Sivadasan

**V. Sivadasan** (born 1979) is an Indian Marxist politician from Kerala state belonging to the Communist Party of India (Marxist) and a Rajya Sabha member from Kerala. He was also the Independent Director of Kerala State Electricity Board.

## Personal life

V. Sivadasan was born in 1979 to K. Narayanan and V. Madhavi in Iritty, Kannur. His wife is Sahana and she belongs to Panoli, Kannur.

## Education

V. Sivadasan completed his high school education from Pala Government High School, Kannur. He completed his pre degree from Pazhassi Raja N.S.S. College, Mattannur. He did his Masters from Government Brennen College, Thalassery. He obtained Ph.D. from Kannur University in 2010 for his doctoral thesis "Agrarian Problems and the Role of Media and Literature in Kerala with special reference to Socio-Economic Transformation 1934-1971". He was awarded Post Doctoral Fellowship by Jawaharlal Nehru University.

## Political life

### Student politics

V. Sivadasan entered politics through active participation in Balasangham and Students' Federation of India. He was enrolled as a SFI member while studying at Pala government school, Kannur and became its unit secretary. In 1994 January, the student activist Sivadasan studying in eight standard got arrested by police for defying the prohibitionary orders around Koothuparambu and participating in district conference.

Sivadasan has held the responsibility of being the Area Secretary of SFI committee in Peravoor, and then both the presidentship and secretaryship of Kannur district committee. He became the University Union Chairman of Kannur University in 2006. In the same year, he was elected as the state vice president of SFI committee in Kerala. He later became the state joint secretary of the committee.

By 2008, V. Sivadasan entered the realm of national student politics by being the **All India Joint Secretary** of Students' Federation of India. In the 14th All India Conference of SFI which was held at Madurai, Tamil Nadu in 2012, Sivadasan became the **All India President** of Students' Federation of India. In 2013, V Sivadasan along with M. B. Rajesh faced police brutality in a protest action at national capital demanding the removal of P. J. Kurien (then Rajya Sabha Deputy Chairman) for his alleged involvement in the Suryanelli rape case. After few months he along with his fellow comrades was jailed in Tihar Prison, New Delhi for the SFI's protest demonstration against the Solar Scam in Kerala during UDF government. He faced brutal police atrocity after SFI launched protest action outside Himachal Pradesh Vidhan Sabha against the fee hike in Himachal Pradesh University on 18 March 2015. CPI(M) demanded judicial probe on this matter and met Governor Kalyan Singh and submitted a memorandum. Under the leadership of Sivadasan, SFI initiated alliance with Ambedkar Students Association (ASA) in Pondicherry University.

Against the raid conducted by Delhi Police for alleged consumption of Beef in Kerala house, Sivadasan organised huge protest demonstrations in New Delhi and argued it as an attack on Indian Secularism.

### Party politics

Sivadasan is the state committee member of Communist Party of India (Marxist) in Kerala. He was entrusted with the responsibility of organising the celebration of Malayalam month of Karkidakkam for CPI(M). He argued that its the responsibility of secular people to protect the plurality of faith. He is also the head of CPI(M) IT wing and education sub-committee in Kerala. He was the convenor of ‘Youth Summit on Future Kerala’, a two-day conclave being organised by the AKG Study and Research in 2021.

#### Member of Parliament

Sivadasan is a member of Rajya Sabha. He was elected unopposed from Kerala on 25 April 2021.

As a parliamentarian, V Sivadasan urged the HRD Minister to revoke Professor Gilbert Sebastian's suspension for calling the RSS a "Proto-fascist" organisation, and demanded to put an end to the attempts to constrain academic freedom. Protesting against the maladministration of Praful Patel in Lakshadweep, he said "reducing natives to second-class citizens in their own homeland is not acceptable." He also staged protest on 31 May 2021 accusing the central government of trying to abolish the special rights of Lakshadweep.

V. Sivadasan, as a Rajya Sabha MP representing Kerala, has been active in raising various issues and participating in debates. Some of his notable contributions in the Rajya Sabha include:

**Advocacy for Education:** Sivadasan has consistently raised concerns about the education sector. He has spoken about the need for increased funding for public education, opposed the commercialization of education, and advocated for policies that ensure equitable access to education for all.

**Labor Rights:** Being a representative from a state with a significant labor force, Sivadasan has highlighted issues related to workers' rights. He has spoken against labor reforms that he believes would weaken workers' protections and has pushed for policies that safeguard their interests.

**Social Justice and Secularism:** Sivadasan has been a vocal advocate for social justice, often speaking out against discrimination and advocating for the rights of marginalized communities. He has also addressed issues related to secularism, emphasizing the importance of maintaining communal harmony in India.

**Opposition to Privatization:** Sivadasan has opposed the government's push towards privatization in various sectors, including public sector undertakings (PSUs), railways, and healthcare. He argues that privatization can lead to job losses and negatively impact the common people.

**Public Health:** During the COVID-19 pandemic, Sivadasan emphasized the need for a robust public healthcare system and criticized the government for what he perceived as inadequacies in handling the pandemic. He has called for more investment in public health infrastructure.

**Environmental Issues:** Sivadasan has raised concerns about environmental degradation and climate change. He has spoken about the need for sustainable development practices and the importance of protecting natural resources.

**Questioning Government Policies:** Sivadasan has actively questioned various government policies and their impact on the people, particularly focusing on the welfare of the lower and middle classes.

Through these efforts, Sivadasan has positioned himself as a strong advocate for the rights of the common people, especially in the context of education, labor, and social justice.

**Private member's bill presented by him include:**

The Right to Universal Basic Income Bill, 2024, The Right to Old Age Care Bill, 2024, The Protection of Rights of Persons Affected by Natural Disaster Bill, 2024, The National Commission for Protection from Honour Crime Bill, 2024, The Indian Media Services (Regulation and Licensing) Bill, 2024, The Right to Early Childhood Care Bill, 2023, The Right to Public Space Bill, 2023, The Right to Free Internet Bill, 2023, The Prevention of Money-Laundering (Amendment) Bill, 2022, The Constitution (Amendment) Bill, 2022 (amendment of articles 124 and 220), The Constitution (Amendment) Bill, 2022 (insertion of new article 21B), The Protection of the State Resources Bill, 2022, The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (Amendment) Bill, 2022, The Constitution (Amendment) Bill, 2022 (amendment of articles 4, 55,81etc.), The National Right to Land and Shelter Bill, 2022, The Constitution (Amendment) Bill, 2022 (amendment of article 153 and substitution of articles 155 and 156), The Constitution (Amendment) Bill, 2021 (amendment of the Preamble).

## Books

* *Higher Education in India: Politics and Policies* (Co-authored with Dr Abhilash Babu), *Current Books*: 2019.
* *Peasants Media Literature; Agrarian Problems in Kerala: Role of the Media and Literature (1934-1971)*, Current Books: 2017.

## InfoBox

| V. Sivadasan | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of Parliament, Rajya Sabha | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
8 June 2021 | |
| Constituency | Kerala |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1979 (1979) (age 45)
Iritty, Kannur, India |
| Political party | Communist Party of India (Marxist) |
| Education | Post Doctoral Fellow |
| Alma mater |  |
| Website | https://vsivadasan.com/ |
|  | |


title: Virginia Howlett

abstract: Virginia Howlett is a designer and painter. With an MFA in Painting from The Art Institute of Chicago, Howlett was one of the first designers hired into Microsoft in 1985. After writing an email to Bill Gates explaining the necessity for having designated graphic user interface designers, she built the company's first user interface design team. She led the team that designed the 3D graphic interface for Windows 95. She was also instrumental in starting Microsoft's corporate art collection. Working in Microsoft's typography group, she collaborated with Matthew Carter to develop a number of typefaces including Verdana. In 1996 her book Visual Interface Design for Windows was published. In it, she explains the design process and provides a number of makeovers of real-world software products. It is recognized as one of the first books to bridge the gap between artistic product designers and technical software engineers. After retiring from Microsoft she returned to painting. She maintains a studio in San Diego and exhibits work throughout the United States.

text:
# Virginia Howlett

**Virginia Howlett** (born 1951 in Edmonton, Alberta) is a designer and painter.

With an MFA in Painting from The Art Institute of Chicago, Howlett was one of the first designers hired into Microsoft in 1985. After writing an email to Bill Gates explaining the necessity for having designated graphic user interface designers, she built the company's first user interface design team. She led the team that designed the 3D graphic interface for Windows 95. She was also instrumental in starting Microsoft's corporate art collection.

Working in Microsoft's typography group, she collaborated with Matthew Carter to develop a number of typefaces including *Verdana* (which is named after her daughter, Ana).

In 1996 her book *Visual Interface Design for Windows* was published. In it, she explains the design process and provides a number of makeovers of real-world software products. It is recognized as one of the first books to bridge the gap between artistic product designers and technical software engineers.

After retiring from Microsoft she returned to painting. She maintains a studio in San Diego and exhibits work throughout the United States.

* Personal Home Page
* Microsoft Art Collection Archived 2005-08-29 at the Wayback Machine
* *Visual Interface Design for Windows* (ISBN 0-471-13419-8)


title: Valbrembo

abstract: Valbrembo is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Milan and about 4 kilometres (2 mi) northwest of Bergamo. Valbrembo borders the following municipalities: Almenno San Bartolomeo, Bergamo, Brembate di Sopra, Mozzo, Paladina, Ponte San Pietro. Part of Valbrembo's territory is part of Parco dei Colli di Bergamo. Since 1981, it is the seat of the Faunistic Park Le Cornelle.

text:
# Valbrembo

**Valbrembo** (Bergamasque: *Albrèmb*) is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Milan and about 4 kilometres (2 mi) northwest of Bergamo.

Valbrembo borders the following municipalities: Almenno San Bartolomeo, Bergamo, Brembate di Sopra, Mozzo, Paladina, Ponte San Pietro. Part of Valbrembo's territory is part of Parco dei Colli di Bergamo.

Since 1981, it is the seat of the Faunistic Park Le Cornelle.

## InfoBox

| Valbrembo | |
| --- | --- |
| *Comune* | |
| Comune di Valbrembo | |
| Municipal square | |
| Location of Valbrembo | |
| ValbremboLocation of Valbrembo in ItalyValbremboValbrembo (Lombardy) | |
| Coordinates: 45°43′N 9°37′E / 45.717°N 9.617°E / 45.717; 9.617 | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Lombardy |
| Province | Bergamo (BG) |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Claudio Ferrini |
| Area | |
| Total | 3.8 km2 (1.5 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 261 m (856 ft) |
| Population (31 May 2021) | |
| Total | 4,350 |
| Density | 1,100/km2 (3,000/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Valbrembesi |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 24030 |
| Dialing code | 035 |
| Website | Official website |


title: Maulana Salahuddin Ayyubi

abstract: Maulana Salahuddin Ayyubi is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from August 2018 till August 2023.

text:
# Maulana Salahuddin Ayyubi

**Maulana Salahuddin Ayyubi** is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from August 2018 till August 2023.

## Political career

He was elected to the National Assembly of Pakistan from Constituency NA-263 (Killa Abdullah) as a candidate of Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal in 2018 Pakistani general election.

## InfoBox

| Maulana Salahuddin Ayyubi | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the National Assembly of Pakistan | |
| **In office**<br>13 August 2018  10 August 2023 | |
| Constituency | NA-263 (Killa Abdullah) |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Nationality | Pakistani |
| Political party | Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal |
|  | |