title: Franck Amsallem

abstract: Franck Amsallem is a French-American jazz pianist, arranger, composer, singer and educator. He was born in 1961 in Oran, French Algeria, but grew up in Nice, France.

text:
# Franck Amsallem

**Franck Amsallem** is a French-American jazz pianist, arranger, composer, singer and educator. He was born in 1961 in Oran, French Algeria, but grew up in Nice, France.

## Early years

Amsallem was born in Oran (Algeria) to Elie Amsallem (1922-2019) and Sylviane Cohen Amsallem (1929-2022). He started learning the piano at age 7 and also took up the classical saxophone at the local conservatory. Early in his studies he was able to hear on stage such artists as Thad Jones, Count Basie, Charles Mingus, Bill Evans, Sonny Stitt and Stan Getz live at the Nice Jazz Festival, who all had a profound impact on his future. Amsallem started gigging in 1976 at the age of fourteen, and by high school was playing in dance bands throughout the Cote d'Azur and featured in the INA documentary *La Leçon de Musique* as a student of John Lewis. He was then awarded a full scholarship to attend the Berklee College of Music in 1981-84, to study composition and arranging with Herb Pomeroy and Michael Gibbs.

## New York City

After Boston, Amsallem moved to New York City in 1986 to earn a Masters in Jazz composition at the Manhattan School of Music. He went on to study with Bob Brookmeyer from 1986 to 1990, all the while continuing his classical piano studies with Phillip Kawin. Amsallem has augmented his formal education by participating in the BMI Jazz Composers' Workshop under the direction of Manny Albam & Bob Brookmeyer. He then played or collaborated with Gerry Mulligan, Joe Chambers, Gary Peacock, Bill Stewart, Joshua Redman, Maria Schneider, Jerry Bergonzi, Charles Lloyd, Bobby Watson, Roy Hargrove, Kevin Mahogany, Ravi Coltrane, Bob Brookmeyer, Bob Belden, Sonny Fortune, Tim Ries, Gary Bartz, Rick Margitza, Joe Roccisano, Blood, Sweat & Tears, and Harry Belafonte.

In 1987, Amsallem played a weeklong duo session with bassist Jay Leonhart at the Knickerbocker Saloon, New York. In 1989, Amsallem's composition "Obstinated" was performed by the Mel Lewis Jazz Orchestra, now known as the Vanguard Jazz Orchestra. His 1990 recording debut, "Out a Day", featuring Gary Peacock on bass and Bill Stewart on drums, was recorded at the famed Clinton Recording Studios in Manhattan. The album was very well received by the international jazz press and highly praised by the Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings, which gave it its maximum rating (four stars).\[3\] He has since written, conducted and recorded big band music for the Köln Radio Jazz Orchestra (WDR), the Orchestre National de Jazz (ONJ) (France), chamber cross-over music for the Prism Saxophone Quartet, Chicago's chamber ensemble Fulcrum Point, and cross-over symphonic pieces as well as big band music for the Mancini Institute. His composition "Nuits" for String Orchestra and Jazz soloist has been performed in various soloists including Bireli Lagrene, Philip Catherine, François Theberge & Don Menza. He has taught or given workshops at Roosevelt University, New York's 92Y, Paris' CNSM, CRR, the Royal conservatory in Den Haag, and in many other countries. To date, he has recorded 11 albums as a leader.

Amsallem has received several awards, including a 1989 Composition Fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts, the 1989 Fondation de la Vocation Award from France, the 1991 ASCAP award for Young composers, the second prize at the 1992 Jacksonville Jazz Piano Competition, and the 2010 FAJE Award (French American Jazz Exchange). Amsallem's compositions are included in the Real Book Vol. III and in the European Real Book. Touring with his group and as a sideman launched him into the major jazz music scene, and he has played at the North Sea Jazz Festival, Pori, Molde, Paris, Antibes Juan-les-Pins, Nice Jazz festival, etc.

## Paris

Amsallem returned to France in 2001, settling in Paris, where he has collaborated or recorded with local greats Stephane Belmondo, Elisabeth Kontomanou, and Sara Lazarus.

In 2009 he released his first solo piano album, "Amsallem Sings" featuring himself on vocals.

He was invited to conduct and compose for the WDR Big Band in 2011.

He has performed all around the world (United States, the Netherlands, Israel, Algeria, China, South Africa, Portugal, South and Central America, Vietnam, Indonesia, Sénégal). He toured throughout 2011 in South America, Europe and Asia, and performed at the Java Jazz Festival, on its way to solo concerts in Vietnam and in the Emirates.

For the past 10 years Franck has been frequently featured at the famed Duc des Lombards jazz-club in Paris.

In 2019, his new quartet, featuring Cuban saxophonist Irving Acao, released "Gotham Goodbye" for the jazz&people label, to unanimous critical acclaim.

Franck's new trio cd, recorded in 2024 in NYC, features bassist David Wong and drummer Kush Abadey.

## Discography

An asterisk (\*) indicates that the year is that of release.

### As leader/co-leader

| Year recorded | Title | Label | Personnel/Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1992\* | *Out a Day* | OMD | Trio, with Gary Peacock (bass), Bill Stewart (drums) |
| 1993\* | *Regards* | Freelance | Quartet, with Tim Ries (sax), Scott Colley (bass), Bill Stewart (drums) |
| 1996\* | *Is That So* | Sunnyside | Trio, with Tim Ries (tenor sax), Leon Parker (drums, percussion) |
| 1997\* | *Another Time* | Challenge/A | Trio, with Gary Peacock (bass), Bill Stewart (drums), reissue of *Out a Day* |
| 1999\* | *Years Gone By* | Challenge/A | Quartet, with Tim Ries (sax), Riccardo Del Fra (bass), Daniel Humair (drums) |
| 2000\* | *On Second Thought* | Naïve | With Tim Ries (alto sax, soprano sax), Johannes Weidenmuller (bass), Marc Miralta (drums) |
| 2003 | *Summer Times* | Sunnyside | Trio, with Johannes Weidenmuller (bass), Joe Chambers (drums) |
| 2004\* | *Out a Day* (reissue) | Nocturne Records | Trio, with Gary Peacock (bass), Bill Stewart (drums) |
| 2005 | *A Week in Paris* | Nocturne Records | Duo to sextet, with Rick Margitza (tenor sax), Stéphane Belmondo (trumpet), Darryl Hall (bass), Elisabeth Kontomanou (vocals), Dré Pallemaerts (drums) |
| 2009\* | *Amsallem Sings* | Fram | Solo piano and vocals |
| 2014\* | *Franck Amsallem Sings Vol. II* | Fram | Trio with Sylvain Romano (bass) and Karl Jannuska (drums) |
| 2018\* | *At Barloyd* | jazz&people | Solo piano |
| 2019\* | *Gotham Goodbye* | jazz&people | Quartet with Irving Acao (tenor sax), Viktor Nyberg (bass) and Gautier Garrigue (drums) |

### As sideman

## Awards

* 1981-1983: Full scholarship from Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres (France) to attend the Berklee College of Music
* 1983: Count Basie Award, Berklee College of Music.
* 1983-1984: Full scholarship from Ministere de la Culture (France) to attend the Berklee College of Music
* 1984: Oscar Peterson Award, Berklee College of Music.
* 1986-87: Scholarship award to attend the Manhattan School of Music
* 1989: Fondation Bleustein-Blanchet pour la Vocation Award (France)
* 1989: National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship to compose works for string orchestra.
* 1990: ASCAP Award For Young Composer.
* 1992: Great American Jazz Piano Competition (2nd prize)
* 2010: FAJE Award (French American Jazz Exchange)

## Sources

* Richard Cook & Brian Morton. *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings*, 8th Edition, London, Penguin, 2006 ISBN 0-14-102327-9
* John Swenson. *Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide*, 1999

## InfoBox

| Franck Amsallem | |
| --- | --- |
| Franck Amsallem, c. 2012 | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1961-10-25) 25 October 1961<br>Oran, French Algeria |
| Genres | Jazz |
| Occupation(s) | Composer, bandleader, musician |
| Instrument(s) | Piano, Vocals |
| Years active | 1976–present |
| Labels | Sunnyside, Naïve, Nocturne, jazz&people, |
|  | |
| Website | www.amsallem.com |


title: Peter Demetz

abstract: Peter Demetz was an American scholar of German literature. He was born in Prague, where he was persecuted under the Nazis and escaped the Communist regime in 1949. He worked in Germany as a teacher and radio journalist. He emigrated to the United States in 1952, studied further, and began teaching at Yale University in 1956; he was later appointed a Sterling Professor there and Distinguished Visiting Professor at Rutgers University. From the 1970s, he also worked as a literary critic for German papers such as the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. He is known for his 1997 book, Prague in Black and Gold: Scenes from the Life of a European City.

text:
# Peter Demetz

**Peter Demetz** (born **Petr Demetz**; October 21, 1922 – April 30, 2024) was an American scholar of German literature. He was born in Prague, where he was persecuted under the Nazis and escaped the Communist regime in 1949. He worked in Germany as a teacher and radio journalist. He emigrated to the United States in 1952, studied further, and began teaching at Yale University in 1956; he was later appointed a Sterling Professor there and Distinguished Visiting Professor at Rutgers University. From the 1970s, he also worked as a literary critic for German papers such as the *Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung*. He is known for his 1997 book, *Prague in Black and Gold: Scenes from the Life of a European City*.

## Life and career

Petr Demetz was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia, on October 21, 1922. His mother was a Jewish seamstress, and his father a Catholic German. They had married after World War I; his mother divorced his father. He grew up in Brno, where he experienced a working democracy. Under the Nazi occupation, Demetz joined a resistance group. He was arrested by the Gestapo and forced to do hard labor. His mother died in Terezín concentration camp.

Demetz studied philosophy, comparative religious sciences, German studies and English at the Charles University in Prague, with Hugo Siebenschein, Jan Patočka and Ladislav Rieger; he achieved a doctorate in German studies in 1948. His dissertation dealt with the influence of Franz Kafka on literature in English from 1947.

Demetz and Hanna, his future wife, fled the rise of Communism in Prague and emigrated to Germany in 1949. They first reached Munich, where Demetz soon found work because of his fluent English. He was a teacher in a camp for children in Bad Aibling run by the International Refugee Organization, where his students were orphans who had been persecuted for racial and political reasons. In the late 1950s, he became one of the first journalists of the American broadcaster Radio Free Europe, running a daily literature feature in Czech, which contained poetry and music.

The Demetz family moved to the United States in 1952, where Peter achieved a master's degree in German studies at Columbia University and another doctorate in comparative literary history, at Yale University, with a dissertation about the Prague years of Franz Kafka and Rainer Maria Rilke. He was on the faculty of Yale from 1956 until 1991 when he retired, from 1962 as professor of German literature and comparative literary history, serving as head of the department from 1963 to 1969, and from 1972 as Sterling Professor. He lectured as a guest at universities including Columbia, Cornell, Princeton and the University of St. Gallen. He was vice-chair and later chairman of the Modern Language Association (MLA), and he served on the jury of the Ingeborg Bachmann Prize for ten years. including the Austrian Institute for Eastern and Southeastern Europe at the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University in Brno, and the Austrian Library in Lectures cycle in collaboration with the Moravian Library.

From 1974, Demetz wrote as a literary critic for the *Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung*, invited by Marcel Reich-Ranicki, and also for *Die Zeit*. In 1997, he published a key work, *Prague in Black and Gold: Scenes from the Life of a European City*, both a history and personal memoir, reflecting the city that inspired Johannes Kepler, Rabbi Judah Loew, composers Mozart, Antonín Dvořák and Bedřich Smetana, and authors Rilke and Kafka. His books were published in German, Czech, and English. He wrote autobiographic books, including a collection of essays, *Böhmische Sonne, mährischer Mond* in 1996, and *Mein Prag* in 2007, narrating his experiences under the Nazi occupation. Demetz was the Craig Distinguished Visiting Professor at Rutgers University from 2007 to 2008. Demetz turned 100 in October 2022 and died on April 30, 2024, at age 101.

## Publications

* *René Rilkes Prager Jahre*, Düsseldorf
* *Marx, Engels, and the Poets: Origins of Marxist Literary Criticism*. Translated by Sammons, Jeffrey L. (Revised ed.). Chicago & London: University of Chicago Press. 1967.
* *Formen des Realismus – Theodor Fontane*, Munich, 1964
* *Böhmische Sonne, mährischer Mond. Essays und Erinnerungen.* Deuticke, Vienna, 1996, ISBN 3-216-30203-2.
* *Prague in black and gold : scenes from the life of a European city*. Macmillan. 1997. ISBN 9780809016099.
* *Air show at Brescia, 1909*. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. 2002. ISBN 9781429998840.
* ''*Böhmen böhmisch*, essays, 2006
* *Mein Prag. Erinnerungen 1939 bis 1945.* first in English, translated by Barbara Schaden. Zsolnay, Vienna, 2007, ISBN 978-3-552-05407-3.
* Demetz, Peter (2008). *Prague in danger : the years of German occupation, 1939–45 : memories and history, terror and resistance, theater and jazz, film and poetry, politics and war*. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN 9781429930352.

## Awards

## InfoBox

| Peter Demetz | |
| --- | --- |
| Demetz in 2012 | |
| Born | Petr Demetz
(1922-10-21)October 21, 1922
Prague, Czechoslovakia |
| Died | April 30, 2024(2024-04-30) (aged 101) |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupations | * Scholar * Author |
| Organizations | Yale University |


title: Frankston Arts Centre

abstract: The Frankston Arts Centre is a landmark theatre and art gallery in the outer Melbourne suburb of Frankston in Victoria, Australia. The centre plays host to a number of major performances, including regular shows by the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra and Victorian Opera, and is a tour venue for the Australian Opera, Bell Shakespeare Company, Melbourne International Film Festival, Sydney Dance Company as well as a number of other national production companies. It was opened by then Prime Minister of Australia, The Hon. Paul Keating, on 20 May 1995.

text:
# Frankston Arts Centre

The **Frankston Arts Centre** is a landmark theatre and art gallery in the outer Melbourne suburb of Frankston in Victoria, Australia. The centre plays host to a number of major performances, including regular shows by the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra and Victorian Opera, and is a tour venue for the Australian Opera, Bell Shakespeare Company, Melbourne International Film Festival, Sydney Dance Company as well as a number of other national production companies. It was opened by then Prime Minister of Australia, The Hon. Paul Keating, on 20 May 1995.

## Facilities

### Centre

The Centre houses 800 seat theatre, boasting the second largest proscenium arch stage in Victoria, a 60-line fly tower and state of the art technical and staging equipment. It also houses a function centre which can seat up to 500, and which plays host to a range of events - including corporate and community expos, seminars, gala dinners, and awards ceremonies. The function centre comprises two rooms (which can be opened up to form one large room) which have expansive views across Port Phillip.

### Cube37

Cube37 is the centre's "creative space" and has a large adaptable performance studio with flexible seating for up to 200 people. It also houses a wet studio, meeting rooms, media suites and two exhibition galleries. It is located next to the centre and was opened by then Prime Minister of Australia, The Hon. John Howard, on 30 March 2001, as part of the celebrations for the centenary of the federation of Australia.

Cube37 also hosts a new media art program which is displayed throughout the year in its Glass Studio (a large glass-fronted exhibition space with street frontage). Cube37 also provides much of the centre's community access programs with workshops, exhibitions and youth arts projects running throughout the year.

## InfoBox

| Frankston Arts Centre | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Former names | Frankston Cultural Centre |
| General information | |
| Type | theatre and art gallery |
| Location | Frankston, Victoria, Australia |
| Coordinates | 38°08′46″S 145°07′25″E / 38.146125°S 145.123494°E / -38.146125; 145.123494 |
| Completed | 1995 |
| Owner | Frankston City Council |
| Height | 22m to fly tower grid floor |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Daryl Jackson |


title: Frank Hauser (director)

abstract: Frank Hauser CBE was a British theatre director.

text:
# Frank Hauser (director)

**Frank Hauser** CBE (1 August 1922 – 14 October 2007) was a British theatre director.

## Early career

Frank Ivor Hauser was born in Cardiff, the son of a Polish property-dealer, and was a precocious talent at Cardiff High School, gifted enough musically to contemplate a musical career. After attending Christ Church, Oxford, he went into the Royal Artillery (1942–45) before taking up a post as a BBC radio trainee director. In a then-lively drama department, he worked on a wide range of programmes, from Home Service soaps ( Mrs Dale's Diary) to Third Programme classics. Significantly it was during this time that he first directed the young Richard Burton in Henry V.

In 1951, Hauser had applied to become Alec Guinness's assistant on his Festival of Britain production of Hamlet. Guinness had meant to direct it himself, but when Hauser materialised Guinness told him, "Don't be my assistant, be co-director."

## Oxford Playhouse

After a short spell at Salisbury Playhouse, Hauser was appointed Artistic Director of the long-neglected 700-seat Oxford Playhouse in 1956. During his tenure he presented a host of world premieres and directed many leading actors including Judi Dench, Ian McKellen, Leo McKern, Alan Badel, Dirk Bogarde, Yvonne Mitchell and Constance Cummings.

In 1966 he persuaded his old friend Richard Burton and his wife Elizabeth Taylor to star in an OUDS production of Marlowe's Doctor Faustus to raise fund for an extension at the Playhouse.

## Later work

After leaving Oxford in 1973, Hauser directed many West End productions including Robert Bolt's A Man for All Seasons (Savoy, 1987), with Charlton Heston as Sir Thomas More. His last production was the Chichester Festival Theatre production of Hobson's Choice.


title: Peter Rosenbrock

abstract: Peter Edward Rosenbrock was an Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the early 1960s. Rosenbrock was a key defender, used mostly at full-back by Collingwood. He didn't play in the first five rounds of the 1960 season but played every other game for the rest of the year, including Collingwood's grand final loss. A broken leg sustained early in the 1963 VFL season kept him out of the side for the rest of the year and he wasn't able to make his way back.

text:
# Peter Rosenbrock

**Peter Edward Rosenbrock** (21 November 1939 – 5 January 2005) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL) during the early 1960s.

Rosenbrock was a key defender, used mostly at full-back by Collingwood. He didn't play in the first five rounds of the 1960 season but played every other game for the rest of the year, including Collingwood's grand final loss.

A broken leg sustained early in the 1963 VFL season kept him out of the side for the rest of the year and he wasn't able to make his way back.

## InfoBox

| Peter Rosenbrock | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Peter Edward Rosenbrock | | |
| Date of birth | (1939-11-21)21 November 1939 | | |
| Place of birth | Frankston, Victoria | | |
| Date of death | 5 January 2005(2005-01-05) (aged 65) | | |
| Place of death | Melbourne, Victoria | | |
| Original team(s) | Frankston Bombers | | |
| Height | 184 cm (6 ft 0 in) | | |
| Weight | 86 kg (190 lb) | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1960–1963 | Collingwood | 39 (1) |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1963. | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Peter Rosenkrantz Johnsen

abstract: Peter Marcus Gjøe Rosenkrantz Johnsen was a Norwegian journalist and author.

text:
# Peter Rosenkrantz Johnsen

**Peter Marcus Gjøe Rosenkrantz Johnsen** (October 10, 1857 – September 16, 1929) was a Norwegian journalist and author.

## Life

Johnson was born in Bergen. After attending Tank School in Bergen and the public school in Haugesund in 1871, he worked in Grimsby from 1872 to 1879 before graduating from the school in Haugesund and then working part-time for the newspaper *Haugesund Budstikke*. He passed his *examen artium* in Kristiania (now Oslo) in 1882, before he became the editorial secretary at the newspaper *Bergens Tidende* in 1883. He then contributed to the newspapers *Verdens Gang*, *Dagbladet*, and *Intelligentssedlerne*, and he wrote for newspapers all over Norway, aside from during a sojourn in Copenhagen in 1888. When Henrik Ibsen and his wife Suzannah arrived in Kristiania on July 16, 1891, Johnsen was sent by *Dagbladet*, and that same afternoon the couple invited him for coffee at the Grand Hotel, where he interviewed them. From 1900 to 1905 he served as the secretary of the Norwegian Authors' Union. Johnsen was a regular art critic for *Morgenposten* from 1899 to 1917. Johnson covered the ceremony for the maiden voyage of RMS *Lusitania* in 1907 as a correspondent for *Morgenposten*.

Johnson made his literary debut in 1885 with the volume *Nygifte og andre Smaafortællinger* (Newly Married and Other Short Stories). He translated Rudyard Kipling's *Barrack-Room Ballads*, publishing it as *Soldatsange* (Soldiers' Songs)—one of which, "Gentlemen-Rankers", was used by Edvard Grieg in his song "Gentlemen-Meninge" (EG 156). Johnson's poem "Haukeligauken (Eg gjekk meg upp paa sæterli)" (The Haukeli Cuckoo: I Went Up to the Mountain Pasture)" from *Digte* (Poems, 1891) was used by Johannes Haarklou in a composition featured on the 2007 album *Shadow Songs*.

## Family

Johnsen was the son of Konrad Johnsen (1824–1900) and Margrethe Petrea Blankenborg Prytz Bang (1824–1901). His father was a steamship skipper that served as the harbor master in Haugesund from 1869 onward. In 1889, Johnson married Laura Anette Berg (1861–1907) from Trondheim. She also served as his secretary, including during his trips abroad. He later married the teacher Ragna Bjerke. Johnsen was the nephew of the politician, journalist, and author Johan Christian Johnsen.

## Citations

1. Moi, Morten (2020). "Peter Marcus Gjøe Johnsen". *Store norske leksikon* (in Norwegian). Retrieved March 4, 2020.
2. Hamsun, Knut (1992). *Night Roamers and Other Stories*. Seattle: Fjord Press. p. 152.
3. Hansen, Harry (1995). *Bohemene taler: tekster i utvalg*. Oslo: Fjørtoft. p. 66.
4. Thomle, Erik Andreas (1908). *Studenterne fra 1883: biografiske meddelelser samlede i anledning af deres 25-aars studenterjubilæum*. Kristiania.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
5. *Studentene fra 1883: fest- og minneskrift til 50-årsjubileet 1933*. Oslo: P. M. Bye & Co. 1933.
6. Foster, Beryl (1990). *The Songs of Edvard Grieg*. Woodbridge, UK: The Boydell Press. p. 218.
7. Ole Olsen, Gerhard Schjelderup, Catharinus Elling, Johannes Haarklou, Arne Eggen, Hjalmar Borgström (2007). *Shadow Songs* (CD) (in Norwegian). Bodø, Norway: Euridice.

## InfoBox

| Peter Rosenkrantz Johnsen | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1857-10-10)October 10, 1857<br>Bergen, Norway |
| Died | September 16, 1929(1929-09-16) (aged 71) |
| Occupation(s) | Journalist, author |


title: Peter Ross-Edwards

abstract: Peter Ross-Edwards was an Australian politician, who became Leader of the National Party in the Victorian Parliament. He was born in Corowa to Rupert Ross-Edwards, a minister of religion, and Una Regan. He attended state schools in Corowa and then Geelong Grammar School, after which he enlisted in the Royal Australian Air Force in 1942. He served in the United Kingdom, Italy, North America and the Middle East as a flying officer, but shortly after he was discharged in 1946 he was hospitalised with tuberculosis, remaining in care until 1948. After leaving hospital he studied law at Melbourne University, graduating with a Bachelor's degree and becoming a solicitor. From 1952 he was a solicitor in Shepparton. He was also active in the Country Party, serving as secretary and treasurer of the Shepparton branch from 1957 to 1967. In 1967 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the member for Shepparton. He was elected parliamentary leader of the party in 1970, a post he held until 1988. He was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia in 1989. Ross-Edwards resigned from parliament in 1991, and was Chief Commissioner of the City of Greater Bendigo from 1994 to 1995. He died in 2012.

text:
# Peter Ross-Edwards

**Peter Ross-Edwards** AM (11 July 1922  10 October 2012) was an Australian politician, who became Leader of the National Party in the Victorian Parliament.

He was born in Corowa to Rupert Ross-Edwards, a minister of religion, and Una Regan. He attended state schools in Corowa and then Geelong Grammar School, after which he enlisted in the Royal Australian Air Force in 1942. He served in the United Kingdom, Italy, North America and the Middle East as a flying officer, but shortly after he was discharged in 1946 he was hospitalised with tuberculosis, remaining in care until 1948.

After leaving hospital he studied law at Melbourne University, graduating with a Bachelor's degree and becoming a solicitor. From 1952 he was a solicitor in Shepparton.

He was also active in the Country Party, serving as secretary and treasurer of the Shepparton branch from 1957 to 1967. In 1967 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly as the member for Shepparton. He was elected parliamentary leader of the party in 1970, a post he held until 1988 (the party changed its name to the National Party of Australia in 1982).

He was appointed a Member of the Order of Australia in 1989. Ross-Edwards resigned from parliament in 1991, and was Chief Commissioner of the City of Greater Bendigo from 1994 to 1995.

He died in 2012.


title: Peter L. Cashman

abstract: Peter L. Cashman, is an American politician who was the 100th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut from 1973 to 1975.

text:
# Peter L. Cashman

**Peter L. Cashman** (born May 22, 1936), is an American politician who was the 100th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut from 1973 to 1975.

## Biography

Cashman was born in Cleveland, Ohio He graduated from Yale University in 1959 with a BA in American Studies.

Cashman lived in Lyme, New London County, Connecticut. He was an alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from Connecticut, in 1972. From 1970 to 1976 he served as a member of the Connecticut Senate and was President Pro Tempore. and Lt. Governor. Succeeded to the office of Lieutenant Governor by virtue of being President Pro Tempore of the Senate. Took oath of office on June 7, 1973.

In 2012, Cashman worked in Fairfield as the managing director of Building Energy Performance Assessment News, a newsletter on energy consumption.

Cashman is an active investor in commercial real estate and a director of Connecticut Innovations, Inc. He was a member of the Connecticut Clean Energy Fund advisory board, a quasi public corporation owned by the State of Connecticut that both promotes energy conservation and invests in new energy technologies. He is the past chairman of both Environmental Data Resources, Inc. and The Sanborn Map Company.

## InfoBox

| Peter Cashman | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| 100th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut | |
| **In office**
June 7, 1973  January 8, 1975 | |
| Governor | Thomas J. Meskill |
| Preceded by | T. Clark Hull |
| Succeeded by | Robert K. Killian |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1936-05-22) May 22, 1936
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Diane Cashman |
| Children | Robert Stafford Green Cashman, Johanna Cashman Calcagni, Emily Aloise Cashman |
| Alma mater | Yale College |
|  | |


title: Franconia (wine region)

abstract: Franconia is a German wine region, mostly in north west Franconia. It is the only wine region in the federal state of Bavaria. In 2014, vines were grown on 6,176 hectares of land in the region.

text:
# Franconia (wine region)

**Franconia** (German: *Franken*) is a German wine region, mostly in north west Franconia. It is the only wine region in the federal state of Bavaria. In 2014, vines were grown on 6,176 hectares (15,260 acres) of land in the region.

## Geography

The greater part of the wine region is in Lower Franconia around its capital Würzburg along the Main River. There are a few areas in Middle Franconia, mainly in the Steigerwald; and a very small part in the area of Upper Franconia around Bamberg. The bends of the River Main have been used to define the region's three districts, two of which take their names from their respective geometric shape.

### *Mainviereck* District

The Mainviereck ("Main square") is the westernmost district of Franconia, on the lower slopes of the Spessart hills and is one of the warmest spots in Bavaria. The special soil is mainly red sandstone which is especially suitable for growing grape vines for red wine. Franconian vine plantings for red wine started to expand in the 1970s.

The Pinot noirs and the rare but high quality grape *Frühburgunder* are grown. The "Bürgstadter Centgrafenberg" and the "Schlossberg" in Klingenberg am Main are said to be the best vineyards. Some of the wines made from vines grown there have won national and international wine trophies. The most important villages are Bürgstadt, Großheubach and Klingenberg am Main.

The main red wine areas of Franconia have been connected by the long-distance hiking trail *Fränkischer Rotweinwanderweg* (Franconian red wine footpath) since 1990.

### *Maindreieck* District

The *Maindreieck* ("Main triangle") is the middle portion of Franconia. On the sometimes very steep hills alongside the Main river, the soil mainly consists of Muschelkalk. Mostly Silvaner and Müller-Thurgau grapes are grown. As in many wine regions in Germany, a wide variety of grapes are cultivated. Riesling, Bacchus, Pinot noir, Domina, and Dornfelder are the most important grapes besides Silvaner and Müller-Thurgau. Some wine journalists say that Franconia is the only place in the world where the wines made from Silvaner can be better than those made there from Riesling.

The best-known vineyard site is the *Würzburger Stein*, a hill north of central Würzburg. The wines from there are known as *Steinwein*. Along the *Maindreieck*, nearly every town produces some wine. The earliest evidence of the Silvaner grape is found in the archive of Castell in a document from 10 April 1659.

The most important cities and towns are Würzburg, Randersacker, Thüngersheim,Sommerhausen, Frickenhausen am Main, Sulzfeld am Main, Sommerach, Escherndorf, Nordheim, and Volkach.

### *Steigerwald* District

The soil of the *Mittelgebirge* Steigerwald consists mainly of gypsum. The wines of this region often have a very strong mineral taste. The most important villages are Iphofen, Rödelsee and Castell

## History

There is evidence that wine has been produced in Franconia for over 1,000 years. In an old document from the year 777 there is a note of a winery in the town of Hammelburg being given by Charlemagne to Fulda Abbey. In medieval times the area under cultivation grew strongly, up to 40,000 ha. In the 20th century it decreased at one stage to just over 2,000 ha.

Today about 6,100 ha of land is used for growing wine. The area stretches from Bamberg to Aschaffenburg. The climate is called continental with Mediterranean influence. Quite often there are strong winters and temperatures under 0 degrees Celsius in the spring. Therefore, wine is grown mainly in especially protected places usually along the hills of the River Main and the Steigerwald.

## Description of Franconian wine

Because of the special soil and the mild climate along the Main river, wines with a very high mineralisation can be harvested. The amount of minerals in the wine is a factor in the quality testing every Franconian wine is subjected to. This is unique in Germany. The majority of the wines are made from one grape variety at a time. Cuvées  special blends or selected vats of higher quality  are rare. It is said that the wines of the typical Silvaner are the best wines from this grape in the world.

Most Franconian wines are dry. Although in German law dry wines are allowed 9 grams of residual sugar, many German wineries are still using the term *Fränkisch trocken* (Franconian dry) for wines with 5 grams of residual sugar or less. About 12,000 to 14,000 wines from Franconia pass the official testing.

As in most German wine regions, the exact vineyard site (*Lage*) where the wine comes from is nearly as important as the winery. Apart from the Steinwein, very few people outside Franconia – and nearly no one outside Germany – is familiar with the site names, mainly because the German *Lagen* are tiny compared to some of the well-known appellations of France, Italy, and Spain. Today many wineries have tried to introduce their own brands without the vineyard designation, and with cuvées a brand name rather than a single grape varietal.

Franconian wines vary in how long they can be kept. The basic wines, which are called Qualitätswein or Kabinett are made to be drunk one to three years after production. If they are kept too long, the wines lose their typical fruitiness and freshness. The best wines are mainly the dry Spätlesen which are full-bodied and can mature for up to six, sometimes ten years. The rare sweet wines often with noble rot, and Eisweins, can sometimes mature for 50 years or more. Oak matured red wines should be drunk three to ten years after production if kept in a good wine cellar.

## Grape varieties

Originally the Silvaner was the most important grape. In the 20th century the Müller-Thurgau, a simple grape, has been planted in large areas. Although the amount of Müller Thurgau has been decreasing for the last ten years, it is still the most widely cultivated grape in Franconia.

Red grape varieties cover 20% of the region's vineyard area.

The most cultivated grape varieties, by area in 2022, were:

| white | area (share) | red | area (share) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Silvaner | 1,560 ha (24.9%) | Domina | 299 ha (4.8%) |
| Müller-Thurgau | 1,414 ha (22.5%) | Spätburgunder | 293 ha (4.7%) |
| Bacchus | 744 ha (11.9%) | Dornfelder | 131 ha (2.1%) |
| Riesling | 346 ha (5.5%) | Regent | 125 ha (2.0%) |
| Weißer Burgunder | 230 ha (3.7%) | Schwarzriesling | 63 ha (1.0%) |
| Scheurebe | 203 ha (3.2%) | Schwarzriesling | 79 ha (1.3%) |
| Kerner | 157 ha (2.5%) | Acolon | 47 ha (0.7%) |
| Pinot gris | 106 ha (1.7%) | Portugieser | 44 ha (0.7%) |

## The Bocksbeutel

The rounded and flattened *Bocksbeutel* is the typical and well known bottle originally used only for the best Franconian wines. Since 1989 the use of the Bocksbeutel has been protected by European Union regulations, but some other regions beside Franconia are also allowed to use this bottle shape.

## Wine and lifestyle

Unlike many other German wine regions, a large amount of Franconian wine is drunk in the area where it is produced. Nearly every town has its own *Weinfest*, a festival that lasts a weekend, or sometimes just one day, where wine is drunk instead of beer. The so-called *Heckenwirtschaften* are very popular small outlets where wineries sell their own wine, usually at reasonable prices.


title: Franconia Airport

abstract: Franconia Airport is a public airport located in Franconia, New Hampshire, two miles south of the central business district of Franconia, in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The airport is the home of the Franconia Soaring Association. There are no commercial flights available.

text:
# Franconia Airport

**Franconia Airport** (FAA LID: **1B5**) is a public airport located in Franconia, New Hampshire, two miles (3 km) south of the central business district of Franconia, in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The airport is the home of the Franconia Soaring Association. There are no commercial flights available.

1. FAA Airport Form 5010 for 1B5 PDF

## InfoBox

| Franconia Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Operator | Franconia Inn |
| Location | Franconia, New Hampshire |
| Elevation AMSL | 970 ft / 296 m |
| Coordinates | 44°11′45″N 71°44′58″W / 44.19583°N 71.74944°W / 44.19583; -71.74944 |
| Website | Official website |
| Map | |
|  | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  ft m  18/36 2,305 703 Turf | |
| Source: Federal Aviation Administration | |


title: Peter de Villiers

abstract: Peter de Villiers is a South African professional rugby union coach and former Good Party politician. He was coach of the South Africa national rugby union team from 2008 to 2011, after successes with the South African U19 and U21 squads, and the first-ever non-white to be appointed to the position. He enjoyed mixed successes. He initially managed South Africa to success, winning the 2009 Tri Nations, a 2009 test series win over the British & Irish Lions and a first victory over New Zealand in Dunedin in 2009. However he also became known for his controversial off-field comments. South Africa finished bottom in the 2010 and 2011 Tri Nations, and following a quarter final defeat to Australia in the 2011 Rugby World Cup did not renew his contract. On 12 September 2021, De Villiers was announced as the Good Party's mayoral candidate for the Drakenstein Local Municipality ahead of the municipal elections scheduled for 1 November. The party won four seats in council and De Villiers took up one of the seats. He resigned from council in June 2022, only to return to council in January 2023 again. He was sworn in as a Good Member of the Western Cape Provincial Parliament in May 2023. In March 2024, Good announced his expulsion from the party and subsequent loss of membership in the Western Cape Provincial Parliament. He was replaced by Susan Little.

text:
# Peter de Villiers

**Peter de Villiers** (born 3 June 1957) is a South African professional rugby union coach and former Good Party politician. He was coach of the South Africa national rugby union team from 2008 to 2011, after successes with the South African U19 and U21 squads, and the first-ever non-white to be appointed to the position.

He enjoyed mixed successes. He initially managed South Africa to success, winning the 2009 Tri Nations, a 2009 test series win over the British & Irish Lions and a first victory over New Zealand in Dunedin in 2009. However he also became known for his controversial off-field comments. South Africa finished bottom in the 2010 and 2011 Tri Nations, and following a quarter final defeat to Australia in the 2011 Rugby World Cup did not renew his contract.

On 12 September 2021, De Villiers was announced as the Good Party's mayoral candidate for the Drakenstein Local Municipality ahead of the municipal elections scheduled for 1 November. The party won four seats in council and De Villiers took up one of the seats. He resigned from council in June 2022, only to return to council in January 2023 again. He was sworn in as a Good Member of the Western Cape Provincial Parliament in May 2023. In March 2024, Good announced his expulsion from the party and subsequent loss of membership in the Western Cape Provincial Parliament. He was replaced by Susan Little.

## Playing and early coaching career

He played scrum-half during the apartheid era.

He coached amateur club Tygerberg in 1996 and 1997, and the Western Province Disas in 1997. In 1998, he enjoyed his first major appointments as assistant coach for Western Province in the Currie Cup and also the South Africa national under-19 side, which he took to third in the 1999 Under 19 Rugby World Championship. He took the Falcons through the 2002 and 2003 Currie Cup campaigns before going on to coach the South Africa national under-21 rugby union team between 2004 and 2006. In the 2004 Under 21 Rugby World Championship, South Africa finished third, but won in 2005 and came second in 2006. In 2007, De Villiers was appointed coach of the Emerging Springboks and led them to the title of the 2007 Nations Cup.

## Springboks

Following the acrimonious conclusion of Jake White's tenure as Springbok coach, after South Africa's Rugby World Cup victory in France in November 2007, De Villiers was short-listed for the role along with three other candidates, including successful Bulls coach Heyneke Meyer. Cheeky Watson, Neil de Beer and Koos Rossouw were the people that were driving his campaign for election with Koos Rossouw being the major funder. In January 2008, De Villiers was appointed as the first ever non-white coach of the Springboks, but South African Rugby Union (SARU) President Oregan Hoskins indicated that his rugby credentials were not the sole motivation for the appointment: "We have made the appointment and taken into account the issue of transformation when we made it. I don't think that tarnishes Peter; I'm just being honest with our country."

The appointment was not met with universal acclaim. "We have seven lean years ahead," predicted former Springbok captain Corné Krige. De Villiers achieved an early fillip, however, in convincing John Smit to stay on as Springbok captain, but there followed a period of jaundice as Gert Smal and Eugene Eloff refused to be considered as his assistants. Going into February, De Villiers's contract, offering him R200,000 less than his predecessor, was still unsigned. Contractual negotiations broke down in March when he insisted on the final word on team selection. When SARU amended its constitution later that month, De Villiers finally gave his signature.

The Springboks' first training squad under De Villiers, comprising 42 players, included sixteen of colour. Dick Muir and Gary Gold were named assistant coaches shortly thereafter. Controversy arose again, however, when Ricky Januarie was dropped for "disciplinary reasons". Going into the Tri Nations, De Villiers's 28-man squad included ten of colour and took two victories against Wales (43–17 and 37–21) and one against Italy (26–0) in Incoming Tours.

Following the Springboks' 19–8 defeat at the hands of the All Blacks, De Villiers accused them of cheating. Several months later, in an interview with *SA Sports Illustrated*, he declared,

> I know the game. Technically, I'm very strong. When I said the All Blacks were cheaters in the first Test in Wellington, I picked up some of the technical stuff they did wrong in the scrums and how they played outside of the laws and how they used that to good effect. I also picked up that, instead of standing a metre apart in the line-outs, they stood a metre and a half apart so that we couldn't compete; and anything outside of any law is cheating.

The side lost again, 16–9, to Australia not long after, but this time De Villiers cast no doubt over the probity of his opponents. In the after match interview De Villiers claimed there was a lot he could learn from the Australian team. He subsequently took his team to a historic triumph in Dunedin, trumping the All Blacks 30–28 before thrashing Argentina with nine tries in a score of 63–9.

In April 2009 he expressed shock that the captains of England, Scotland and Wales had been left out of the Lions squad for the 2009 British & Irish Lions tour to South Africa. On 27 June 2009, after South Africa had defeated the Lions in the 2nd Test of the Series, de Villiers attracted criticism when he defended his blindside flanker, Schalk Burger, against charges of eye gouging, despite clear television evidence showing the offence had occurred. De Villiers said "I don't think it should have been a card at all. For me and for everybody, this is sport.". Even after Burger received an 8-week suspension from the IRB on 29 June, De Villers continued to defend him, saying "I have watched the television footage, and am still convinced that nothing he did was on purpose. He is an honourable man – he never meant to go to anyone's eye". However, later the same day, after a meeting with SARU, he apologised, saying "It was never my intention to suggest that I condone foul play. That is the last thing I would ever do and I apologise for that impression." His belated apology did not bring an end to the controversy, with numerous figures in International rugby continuing to criticise him, including Lions player Brian O'Driscoll, who said "To hear the South Africa coach talk about gouging being part of the game was semi-repulsive", and "regardless of the apology he may have submitted – it's essentially bringing the game into disrepute".

Following an 11–9 defeat to Australia in the Rugby World Cup quarter-final, De Villiers confirmed that he would not resign, rather he would see out the rest of his contract that expired in December 2011 and he would not be signing a new deal. He said, "I enjoyed it. I was in a privileged position to be able to contribute to my country. South African rugby is in a good state and will move forward after this."

De Villiers is known for his rather colourful comments, which have landed him in hot water on many occasions.

One of his more controversial comments featured a decidedly racial overtone. In June 2009 shortly after the first test between the Springboks and the British & Irish Lions at Loftus Versveld in Pretoria, De Villiers was quoted as saying:

> What I've learned in South Africa is that if you take your car to a garage where the owner is a black man and he messes up then you'll never go back to that garage again. If the owner's a white man you say, 'ah, he made a mistake', and you go back.

In June 2009, shortly after the second test between the Boks and the Lions, flanker Schalk Burger received an eight-week ban for eye-gouging Lions wing Luke Fitzgerald. De Villiers responded to the incident by reminding the press that "rugby is a contact sport, and so is dancing". He went on further by saying:

> Why don't we go to the nearest ballet shop, get some tutus and get a dancing shop going? (Then there will be) no eye-gouging, no tackling, no nothing and we will enjoy it!

De Villiers' remarks eventually culminated in a rebuke by South African Minister of Sport, Makhenkesi Stofile, who told De Villiers to "keep his mouth shut" and "sober-up".

In the 2011 Rugby World Cup year, De Villiers received much criticism especially from New Zealanders over comments he made about Super Rugby debutant Sonny Bill Williams, in which he described his offloading oriented game as "nonsense" and a bad example for rugby playing children, who were wasting their time seeking to imitate it.

Springbok prop Tendai "Beast" Mtawarira has questioned whether former national coach Peter de Villiers was competent for the role he occupied between 2008 and 2011. Mtawarira, who made his Springbok debut under De Villiers' guidance in 2008, made the revelation in his new autobiography, Beast.

"He was a fantastic coach of the Junior Springboks, but I think at the high level he was probably lucky that a very good group of players was handed over to him," Mtawarira writes in the book.

Mtawarira was referring to the fact that De Villiers had inherited Jake White's 2007 World Cup winning team with senior players like Victor Matfield, Fourie du Preez, Schalk Burger, John Smit, Bakkies Botha, Danie Rossouw, Jean de Villiers, Jaque Fourie, Bryan Habana and JP Pietersen ruling the roost.

Mtawarira added: "His methods and approach didn't really work with the Springboks, and as players we had to be careful what we said to the media. What you said would get back to Peter and affect your place in the team. The media did not like Peter and thought he was a bit of a clown. "There's no doubt that he was happy to be at the forefront of a team that could operate on its own steam. Most of the work was done by the players, with (assistant coaches) Dick (Muir) and (Gary) Gold very influential."

During the 2019 Rugby World Cup tournament in Japan De Villiers publicly announced that he no longer supported the Springbok rugby team because of the inclusion of Eben Etzebeth, who was accused of racist remarks before the start of the tournament. The remarks backfired on De Villiers and he tried, in vain, to explain his remarks. South African supporters demanded that he no longer parade in the Springbok blazer, which he wears on all promotional photos, since he no longer supports the team. After Springboks won the Rugby World Cup trophy, beating England 32–12 in the final, he tried to quell the stormy waters by congratulating the Springboks on their win. It is believed to have had a serious effect on his "master classes" which he offered to would-be rugby coaches.

### Record as Springbok Coach

The Springboks won 30 of their 48 matches under the helm of De Villiers. The 62.5% win percentage includes a 47% win percentage against the All Blacks, having played them 11 times and losing 6 matches, one of which was 40–7. A record defeat at the time. De Villiers is the first Springbok coach since Nick Mallet to have a 100% win record over the All Blacks in a single year (2009). De Villiers is also the first coach since Nelie Smith to have secured a series win over the British & Irish Lions.

## Zimbabwe

De Villiers was hired by Zimbabwe on a two-year contract in February 2018 for a reported R115 000 per month salary, with the aim of getting the country back to the Rugby World Cup for the first time since 1991. Not only did Zimbabwe fail to make the 2019 World Cup, they were nearly relegated from Africa's top-tier competition, and De Villiers was fired in May 2019.

## Politics

### 2021 Drakenstein mayoral candidacy

On 12 August 2021, he was announced as Good's candidate for mayor of the Drakenstein Local Municipality in the local government elections scheduled for 1 November 2021. The municipality's seat is his hometown of Paarl. The party won four seats in council as the DA retained control of the municipality. De Villiers took up a seat in council after the election. De Villiers resigned from council in June 2022, two months after his wife's passing to spend more time with his family. He remained a party member. Nonetheless, De Villiers was nominated to return to the Drakenstein council after councillor Edgar Arendse's party membership was terminated in January 2023.

### Western Cape Provincial Parliament

On 22 May 2023, the Good party announced that De Villiers would be taking up the party's sole seat in the Western Cape Provincial Parliament after ex-MPP Shaun August was expelled from the party. He was sworn in the following day.

On 2 February 2024, Good suspended De Villiers from all party activities after receiving a sexual misconduct complaint from a party member and that the party would institute disciplinary proceedings against de Villiers to determine if the provisions of the party's constitution had been breached. On 25 March 2024, he was expelled from the party and replaced with Suzette Little in the Provincial Parliament.

### Sources

* Van Dijk, Mark. "Crazy? Brave? Visionary?" *SA Sports Illustrated*, October 2008: 76–80.
* Peter de Villiers (with Gavin Rich) "Politically Incorrect"

## InfoBox

| Peter de Villiers | |
| --- | --- |
| De Villiers in 2011 | |
|  | |
| Member of the Western Cape Provincial Parliament | |
| **In office**
23 May 2023  24 March 2024 | |
| Member of the Drakenstein Municipal Council | |
| **In office**
January 2023  May 2023 | |
| **In office**
November 2021  June 2022 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1957-06-03) 3 June 1957
Paarl, South Africa |
| Political party | Good |
| Spouse(s) | Theresa de Villiers
(died; 2022) |
| Occupation | * Rugby coach * politician * former teacher |
|  | |
| Height | 1.65 m (5 ft 5 in) |
| Weight | 70 kg (11 st 0 lb; 154 lb) |
| School | Noorder Paarl High |
| University | Perseverance College, Hewitt College |
| Rugby union career | |
| Coaching career  **Years** **Team**  2008–11 South Africa | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Peter de Smet

abstract: Peter de Smet was a Dutch comic-strip artist. He was the author of De Generaal. From the 1960s onwards de Smet worked as an artist in advertising and started drawing comics in the same time. An early version of De Generaal was sold to Tintin but was never published. In 1968 de Smet started his series Fulco set in medieval times for the magazine 't Kapoentje but had to give up due to illness. In the following period, de Smet returned to advertising with strips like Pieter Pienter for a bank, which was published in magazines like Tina and Donald Duck. In 1971 Pep magazine picked up De Generaal, and published it through several incarnations of the magazine, notably Eppo.

text:
# Peter de Smet

**Peter de Smet** (4 July 1944, Amsterdam – 6 January 2003, Amsterdam) was a Dutch comic-strip artist. He was the author of *De Generaal* ("The General").

From the 1960s onwards de Smet worked as an artist in advertising and started drawing comics in the same time. An early version of *De Generaal* was sold to Tintin but was never published. In 1968 de Smet started his series *Fulco* set in medieval times for the magazine *'t Kapoentje* but had to give up due to illness. In the following period, de Smet returned to advertising with strips like *Pieter Pienter* for a bank, which was published in magazines like Tina and Donald Duck.

In 1971 *Pep* magazine picked up *De Generaal*, and published it through several incarnations of the magazine, notably *Eppo*.

## Bibliography

Works by Peter de Smet:

* *Fulco* (1969)
* *De Generaal* (1971-1997) - 14 albums
* *Joris PK* (1972-1986)
* *Fiedel* (1974)
* *Het Hopmysterie* (1974)
* *Kasper Krispijn - Het Goud van de H.M.S. Cornwall* (1976-1977)
* *Zapapa y la Revolución* (1977)
* *Le Cuirassé Honneur et Patrie* (1977-1979)
* *Otto, Olivier en Oscar* (1981, 1983)
* *Anno 3000... en nog wat* (1982)
* *De Bevrijders* (1984)
* *Morgenster en Durandel* (1984-1985)
* *Lodewijk* (1986-1990)
* *Rat en Wezel* (1988-1989)
* *Viva Zapapa!* (1989-1992) - 2 albums
* *De Meester - Overpeinzingen van een vlakgom* (1990-1991, 1994-1998)

## InfoBox

| Peter de Smet | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1944-07-04)July 4, 1944
Amsterdam |
| Died | January 6, 2003(2003-01-06) (aged 58)
Amsterdam |
| Nationality | Dutch |
| Occupation | Comics artist |
| Years active | 1969–1998 |
| Notable work | *De Generaal* |


title: Peter de Wit

abstract: Peter de Wit is a Dutch comics artist and cartoonist. He is best known for his comics series De Familie Fortuin, Sigmund and his collaborations with Hanco Kolk with whom he created the series Gilles de Geus and S1NGLE.

text:
# Peter de Wit

**Peter de Wit** (born March 10, 1958, in Beverwijk) is a Dutch comics artist and cartoonist. He is best known for his comics series *De Familie Fortuin*, *Sigmund* and his collaborations with Hanco Kolk with whom he created the series *Gilles de Geus* and *S1NGLE*.

## Biography

De Wit debuted at the age of 17 with the comics series *Jochem*. He started working for the Dutch comics magazine *Eppo*, for whom he drew the comedic western comic *Stampede*, which was later renamed *De Cowboys* In 1983 De Wit started his long collaboration with Hanco Kolk. Together they made the humoristic historical comics series *Gilles de Geus*, the photo novel *Mannetje & Mannetje* (*Sidekicks* in English; 1988), which was adapted into a TV sketch show for VPRO in 1989 and the gag-a-day comic *S1NGLE* (2001), which was also adapted for television as a sitcom on NET 5. The men also presented an educational TV documentary series about drawing comics and cartoons for Teleac in 1992. They also made a comics adaptation of the TV series *Laat Maar Zitten* for *VARA TV Magazine*. In 1988 they founded their own publishing company *De Plaatjesmaker*.

His best known solo comics are *De Familie Fortuin* and *Sigmund*. *De Familie Fortuin* (1985-1999) was a gag comic about a dysfunctional and asocial family and was published in *Eppo*, *Wordt Vervolgd*, *Sjors en Sjimmie Stripblad*, and *Sjosji Striparazzi*. The scripts were written by Ruud Straatman until 1990, after which De Wit took over this work too In 1994 he introduced *Sigmund*, a black comedy gag-a-day about a cynical psychiatrist. This proved to be his breakthrough. He also made *Het Mooiste Vak Ter Wereld* (*The Most Beautiful Profession of All Time*) about a frustrated teacher in a high school.

He is the winner of the 1999 Stripschapprijs.


title: Peter Mayle

abstract: Peter Mayle was a British businessman turned author who moved to France in the 1980s. He wrote a series of bestselling memoirs of his life there, beginning with A Year in Provence (1989).

text:
# Peter Mayle

**Peter Mayle** (/ml/ "mail"; 14 June 1939 – 18 January 2018) was a British businessman turned author who moved to France in the 1980s. He wrote a series of bestselling memoirs of his life there, beginning with *A Year in Provence* (1989).

## Early life

Born in Brighton, Sussex, the youngest of three children, Mayle and his parents moved to Barbados in the aftermath of World War II, where his father was transferred as a Colonial Office employee. Mayle returned to England after leaving school at 16 in Barbados.

## Advertising career

His first job in 1957 was as a trainee at Shell Oil, based in its London office. It was there that he discovered that he was more interested in advertising than oil and he wrote to David Ogilvy, the head of the advertising agency that had the Shell account at that time, asking for a job. Ogilvy offered him a job as a junior account executive, but Mayle's interest was more on the creative side of the business and he subsequently became a copywriter in 1961 based in its New York City office.

In due course another agency, Papert Koenig, Lois, poached him from Ogilvy and sent him back to London to head up the creative team in its UK office, where one of his colleagues was Alan Parker. When the US parent hit trouble in the mid-1960s, he and a colleague bought the London operation. They developed the business with accounts that included Watneys, Olivetti, and Sony and after five years, it was bought by BBDO, one of the top American agencies. He then commuted between the U.S. and the UK as its creative director.

A 1972 advertising slogan written by Mayle for Wonderloaf Bread was used as a football chant by supporters of Tottenham Hotspur, and became the basis of the song "Nice One Cyril".

By 1974, Mayle had had enough of advertising and transatlantic commuting, and quit the business to write full-time.

## Author

Mayle started off by writing educational books, including a series on sex education for children and young people. He also penned, in collaboration with illustrator Gray Jolliffe, a series of humorous books about the character Wicked Willie, based upon a personification of the male organ. He relocated from Devon to the Luberon, southern France, in the late 80s but his plans to write a novel were overtaken by an account of life in his new environment. This resulted in his 1989 book *A Year in Provence* which became an international bestseller, chronicling his first year as a British expatriate in Ménerbes, a village in the southern *département* Vaucluse.

Several more books followed, which have been translated in more than twenty languages. He also wrote for magazines and newspapers. *A Year in Provence* was subsequently produced as a TV series starring John Thaw and screened in 1993. The novel *A Good Year* was the basis for the 2006 film of the same name directed by Ridley Scott and starring actors Russell Crowe and Marion Cotillard.

Mayle relocated to Amagansett on Long Island, New York, to get away from fans and sightseers at his home in Provence. He subsequently returned to France and at the time of his death in 2018 resided in Vaugines, also situated in the Luberon, in Provence. He died at the hospital near his home in January 2018.

## Awards

British Book Awards named *A Year in Provence* Best Travel Book of the Year (1989) and him Author of the Year (1992). The French government made him a *Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur* (Knight of the Legion of Honor) in 2002, for *coopération et francophonie*.

## Bibliography

**Source:**

* *Where Did I Come From? The Facts of Life Without Any Nonsense and with Illustrations*, illustrated by Arthur Robins and Paul Walter, Carol Publishing Group (Secaucus, NJ), 1973.
* *What's Happening to Me? The Answers to Some of the World's Most Embarrassing Questions*, illustrated by Arthur Robins and Paul Walter, Carol Publishing Group (Secaucus, NJ), 1975.
* *Will I Go to Heaven?*, Corwin, 1976.
* *"Will I Like It?": Your First Sexual Experience, What to Expect, What to Avoid, and How Both of You Can Get the Most Out of It*, photographs by John Thornton, Corwin, 1977.
* *How to Be a Pregnant Father: An Illustrated Survival Guide for the First-time Father*, illustrated by Arthur Robins, Lyle Stuart, Inc. (Secaucus, NJ), 1977.
* *Baby Taming*, illustrated by Arthur Robins, Crown (New York), 1978.
* *Divorce Can Happen to the Nicest People*, illustrated by Arthur Robins, Macmillan (New York), 1979, revised edition published as Why Are We Getting a Divorce?, Crown (New York), 1988.
* (With Paul Rice) *As Dead as a Dodo*, illustrated by Shawn Rice, David Godine (Boston, MA), 1981.
* (With Arthur Robins) *Congratulations! You're Not Pregnant: An Illustrated Guide to Birth Control*, Macmillan Publishers (New York), 1981.
* (With Arthur Robins) *Grown-ups and Other Problems: Help for Small People in a Big World*, Macmillan (New York), 1982.
* *The Honeymoon Book*, illustrated by Gray Jolliffe, Ballantine Books (New York), 1983.
* *Chilly Billy*, illustrated by Arthur Robins, Crown (New York), 1983.
* *Man's Best Friend: Introducing Wicked Willie in the Title Role*, illustrated by Gray Jolliffe, Crown (New York), 1984.
* *Anything but Rover—the Art and Science of Naming Your Dog: A Breed by Breed Guide, Including Mongrels*, illustrated by Arthur Robins, A. Barker, 1985.
* *Sweet Dreams and Monsters: A Beginner's Guide to Dreams and Nightmares and Things That Go Bump under the Bed*, illustrated by Arthur Robins, Crown (New York), 1986.
* *Wicked Willie's Guide to Women: A Worm's-Eye View of the Fair Sex*, illustrated by Gray Jolliffe, Pan Books (London), 1986, Crown (New York), 1987.
* *Wicked Willie's Low-Down on Men*, illustrated by Gray Jolliffe, Pan Books (London), 1987.
* *Wicked Willie's Guide to Women: The Further Adventures of Man's Best Friend*, illustrated by Gray Jolliffe, Crown (New York), 1988.
* *A Year in Provence*, Hamish Hamilton (London, England), 1989, published with illustrations by Judith Clancy, Alfred A. Knopf (New York), 1990.
* (With Raffaella Fletcher) *Dangerous Candy: A True Drug Story by Someone Who Did Them and Kicked Them*, Sinclair-Stevenson (London, England), 1990, published as *Dangerous Candy: A True Story about Drug Addiction*, Trafalgar Square Publishing (Pomfret, Vermont), 1991.
* *Toujours Provence*, Knopf (New York), 1991.
* *Acquired Tastes: A Beginner's Guide to Serious Pleasures*, Bantam Books (New York), 1992.
* *Up the Agency: The Funny Business of Advertising*, St. Martin's Press (New York), 1993.
* *Hotel Pastis: A Novel of Provence*, Knopf (New York), 1993.
* *Provence*, photographs by Jason Hawkes, Random House (New York), 1994.
* *A Dog's Life*, with Ed Koren, Knopf (New York), 1995.
* *Anything Considered*, Knopf (New York), 1996.
* *Chasing Cézanne*, Knopf (New York), 1997.
* *Where Did I Come From? The Facts of Life Without Any Nonsense and with Illustrations*, illustrated by Arthur Robins and Paul Walter; African-American edition published with illustrations adapted by Zina Saunders, Carol Publishing Group (Secaucus, NJ), 1999.
* *Encore Provence: New Adventures in the South of France*, Knopf (New York), 1999.
* *French Lessons: Adventures with Knife, Fork, and Corkscrew*, Knopf (New York), 2001.
* *A Good Year* (novel), Knopf (New York), 2004.
* (With Gerard Auzet) *Confessions of a French Baker: Breadmaking Secrets, Tips, and Recipes*, Knopf (New York), 2005.
* *Provence A–Z*, Knopf (New York), 2006.
* *The Vintage Caper*, Knopf (New York), 2009
* *The Marseille Caper*, Knopf (New York) 2012
* *The Corsican Caper*, Knopf (New York), 2014
* *The Diamond Caper*, Knopf (New York), 2015
* *Provence in Ten Easy Lessons*, Random House, 2014 – adapted from *Provence A–Z: A Francophile's Essential Handbook*
* *My Twenty-Five Years in Provence: Reflections on Then and Now*, Knopf (New York), 2018

Contributions * (Author of introduction, with Ridley Scott) *A Good Year: Portrait of the Film Based on the Novel by Peter Mayle*, Newmarket Press (New York), 2007.
* (with Gray Jolliffe), screenplay *Wicked Willie*
* Contributor of articles to periodicals, including
* contributor to *Adventures in Wine*, edited by Thom Elkjer, Travelers' Tales (San Francisco, CA), 2002.
* column, "Expensive Habits", *Gentleman's Quarterly*
* Media adaptations:
    + *A Year in Provence* was adapted for audio cassette, Books on Tape, 1992, and for television by British Broadcasting Corporation
    + *French Lessons: Adventures with Knife, Fork, and Corkscrew* was adapted for audio cassette
    + *A Good Year* was adapted to film
    + *What's Happening to Me?* adapted as animated video
    + *Where Did I Come From?* adapted as animated video

## References and notes

## InfoBox

| Peter Mayle | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1939-06-14)14 June 1939
Brighton, England |
| Died | 18 January 2018(2018-01-18) (aged 78)
Aix-en-Provence, France |
| Nationality | British |
| Occupation(s) | Writer (advertising, travel, children's non-fiction) |
| Known for | Memoirs |
| Spouse | Jennie (third wife) |
| Children | 3 sons from first marriage
2 daughters from second |
| Notes | |
|  | |


title: Peter Mayes

abstract:
Peter Mayes is an Australian musician and producer. He is widely known for being a leading member of dance act Pnau. He is a longtime collaborator with Nick Littlemore and has produced and mixed many of his projects, most notably the platinum-selling album Walking on a Dream and Ice on the Dune for Empire of the Sun, and the art-rock act Teenager. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2009 he won Producer of the Year. He has also done work with Elton John, Mika, Karen O, Ellie Goulding, Sia, ESG, Electric Youth and Lindsey Buckingham.
In 2019 he and Nick Littlemore launched the label Lab78.

text:
# Peter Mayes

**Peter Mayes** (born 5 October 1976) is an Australian musician and producer. He is widely known for being a leading member of dance act Pnau. He is a longtime collaborator with Nick Littlemore and has produced and mixed many of his projects, most notably the platinum-selling album *Walking on a Dream* and *Ice on the Dune* for Empire of the Sun, and the art-rock act Teenager. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2009 he won Producer of the Year. He has also done work with Elton John, Mika, Karen O, Ellie Goulding, Sia, ESG, Electric Youth and Lindsey Buckingham. In 2019 he and Nick Littlemore launched the label Lab78.

## InfoBox

| Peter Mayes | |
| --- | --- |
| A picture of Peter Mayes at the GQ Men Of The Year Awards 2012 - Arrivals | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1976-10-05) October 5, 1976 |
| Genres | Alternative rock, electronic |
| Occupation | Musician |
| Instrument(s) | Guitars, vocals, bass guitar, synthesiser, keyboard, melodica, keytar |
| Years active | 1999–present |
| Labels | EMI, etcetc Lab78 |
| Spouse | Rachel Zeilic (m. 2023) |


title: Frank I. Cobb

abstract: Frank Irving Cobb was an American journalist, primarily an editorial writer, from 1896 to his death. In 1904, he succeeded Joseph Pulitzer as editor of the latter's New York World newspaper. He became famous for his editorials in support of the policies of liberal Democrats, especially Woodrow Wilson, during the Progressive Era.

text:
# Frank I. Cobb

**Frank Irving Cobb** (August 6, 1869 – December 21, 1923) was an American journalist, primarily an editorial writer, from 1896 to his death. In 1904, he succeeded Joseph Pulitzer as editor of the latter's *New York World* newspaper. He became famous for his editorials in support of the policies of liberal Democrats, especially Woodrow Wilson, during the Progressive Era.

## Career

Cobb was born to a Yankee farm family in Shawnee County, Kansas, which includes the state capital Topeka. His parents were Minor H. Cobb and Mathilda A (Née Clark) Cobb, who was the first White child born in Grand Rapids. He grew up in a lumber camp in Michigan. Educated at local schools with a term at the state college, at age 21, he became a cub reporter on the *Grand Rapids Herald* for $6 a week. He moved up to political correspondent and finally city editor. After working on the rival *Grand Rapids Daily Eagle* (acquired by the *Grand Rapids Press* in 1892), Cobb went to a major metropolitan paper, the *Evening News* of Detroit, as political correspondent covering state politics. His vivid writing style and strong opinion brought a promotion to editorial writer in 1896, and chief editorial writer in 1899.

He was married first in 1897 to Delia S. Bailey and second, on October 2, 1913, to Margaret Hubbard Ayer, a well-known newspaper woman. He and Ayer were the parents of columnist Hubbard Cobb. He worked in New York City but retreated as often as possible to their suburban estate near Westport, Connecticut.

Cobb was editor of the *World* for almost twenty years, from 1904 until his death from cancer on December 21, 1923. A few months later, his widow received a special Pulitzer Prize "awarded to the widow of the late Frank I. Cobb, *New York World*, in recognition of the distinction of her husband's editorial writing and service." The organization now lists it as one of the Editorial Writing Pulitzers, which *The Boston Herald* won in 1924.

## New York World

Cobb was an editorial writer at the *Detroit Free Press* from 1900 to 1904, when he was hired by Joseph Pulitzer, who owned the crusading New York City newspaper *The World*, then one of the two largest papers in the country. Cobb soon became Pulitzer's chief advisor and editorial writer.

The *World* reached the common man by a variety of news and entertainment features, and was a power in the Democratic Party because of its liberalism and its crusades against big business and government corruption. Cobb's hard-hitting editorials were widely read and reprinted.

At the 1912 Democratic National Convention in Baltimore, Cobb was a leader in making Woodrow Wilson, the intellectual Governor of New Jersey, the Democratic nominee for president. Cobb and Wilson became lifelong allies and personal friends.

## Relations with Pulitzer

Cobb was a fiercely independent journalist who resisted Pulitzer's attempts to "run the office" from his home. However, the elder man might try, he simply could not keep from meddling with Cobb's work. Time after time, they battled, often with heated language. While they found common ground in their support of Woodrow Wilson as president, they disagreed on many other issues. Cobb wrote a precisely worded resignation when Joseph's son took over administrative responsibility in 1907. The editorial was printed in every New York paper except for *The World*. Pulitzer raged at the insult, but slowly began to respect Cobb's editorials and independent spirit. Exchanges, commentaries, and messages between them increased. The good rapport between the two was based largely on Cobb's flexibility. In May 1908, Cobb and Pulitzer met to outline plans for a consistent editorial policy. However, the editorial policy did waver on occasion. Renewed battles broke out over the most trivial matters. Pulitzer's demands for editorials on contemporary breaking news led to overwork by Cobb. Pulitzer revealed concern by sending him on a six-week tour of Europe to restore his spirit. Pulitzer died shortly after Cobb's return (in October 1911); then Cobb published Pulitzer's beautifully written resignation. Cobb retained the editorial policies he had shared with Pulitzer until he died of cancer in 1923.

## Further reading

* Brian, Denis. *Pulitzer: A Life* (2001) online edition Archived 2012-06-09 at the Wayback Machine
* Cobb, Frank I. *Cobb of "The World"* (E. P. Dutton, 1924); re-issued as *Cobb of "The World": a leader of liberalism*, compiled from his editorial articles and public addresses, by John L. Heaton (Freeport, NY: Books for Libraries Press, 1971), edited by John L. Heaton — Cobb's greatest editorials with an opening chapter, "Cobb, The Man"
* Morris, James McGrath. *Pulitzer: A Life in Politics, Print, and Power* (2010)


title: Frank Høj

abstract: Frank Høj is a retired Danish professional road bicycle racer. Høj started as a stagiaire for the Zetelhallen–Vosschemie team in 1994, and became professional in 1995 for Collstrop–Lystex. His first win as a professional came the year after. In a live interview with Danish media station TV2 during the coverage of Tour de France 2015, Høj admitted to have used EPO in the early periods of his career, namely 1995–1998. He also competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Frank Høj

**Frank Høj** (born 4 January 1973) is a retired Danish professional road bicycle racer. Høj started as a stagiaire for the Zetelhallen–Vosschemie team in 1994, and became professional in 1995 for Collstrop–Lystex. His first win as a professional came the year after. In a live interview with Danish media station TV2 during the coverage of Tour de France 2015, Høj admitted to have used EPO in the early periods of his career, namely 1995–1998. He also competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Summer Olympics.

## Career achievements

### Major results

1993 1st Stage 1 Milk Race 1994 1st Zellik–Galmaarden 1st Omloop van de Westhoek 1st Stage 3 Circuit Franco-Belge 5th Kampioenschap van Vlaanderen 1995 1st Stage 5 Tour de l'Avenir 1st Stage 3 Tour de Slovénie 2nd Driedaagse van West-Vlaanderen 5th Overall Danmark Rundt 5th GP Stad Zottegem 1996 1st Metas Volantes Competition, Vuelta a Andalucía 3rd Overall Circuit Franco-Belge 6th Le Samyn 10th Kampioenschap van Vlaanderen 1997 1st Omloop van de Westkust 1st Grote Prijs Stad Zottegem 2nd GP Aarhus 3rd Grand Prix Herning 5th Grand Prix d'Isbergues 6th Druivenkoers Overijse 1998 1st  Road race, National Road Championships 1st  Overall Circuit Franco-Belge 1st Veenendaal–Veenendaal 2nd Grand Prix d'Isbergues 3rd Brussels–Ingooigem 4th Kampioenschap van Vlaanderen 1999 4th Overall Danmark Rundt 2000 1st Grand Prix Fayt-Le-Franc 2nd Paris–Brussels 6th Road race, Summer Olympics 6th Ronde van Midden-Zeeland 8th Overall Driedaagse van De Panne-Koksijde 9th Grand Prix de Wallonie 2001 6th Overall Danmark Rundt 1st Combativity competition 8th Overall Sachsen-Tour 10th Overall Ronde van Nederland 10th Kuurne–Brussels–Kuurne 2002 2nd Omloop Het Volk 10th Overall Danmark Rundt 2003 1st GP S.A.T.S. 2nd Overall Sachsen Tour 5th GP de Fourmies 6th Grote Prijs Jef Scherens 7th Overall Danmark Rundt 9th Scheldeprijs 2004 1st GP S.A.T.S. 2nd Time trial, National Road Championships 5th Overall Driedaagse van West-Vlaanderen 5th Overall Tour of Qatar 6th Overall Ronde van Nederland 8th Road race, Summer Olympics 8th Tour of Flanders 10th Paris–Roubaix 2005 4th Overall Circuit Franco-Belge 1st Stage 3 2006 4th Overall Sachsen-Tour 7th Paris–Tours 2008 2nd Time trial, National Road Championships 2009 3rd Road race, National Road Championships

### Grand Tour general classification results timeline

| Grand Tour | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Giro d'Italia |  |  |  | 107 | DNF |  | 152 |
| Tour de France |  | 100 |  |  |  |  |  |
| Vuelta a España | 97 |  | 128 |  |  | 112 |  |

Legend
| DSQ | Disqualified |
| --- | --- |
| DNF | Did not finish |

## InfoBox

Frank Høj
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Full name | Frank Høj |
| Born | (1973-01-04) 4 January 1973
Holte, Denmark |
| Height | 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) |
| Weight | 80 kg (176 lb) |
| Team information | |
| Current team | Retired |
| Discipline | Road |
| Role | Rider |
| Amateur team | |
| 1994 | Zetelhallen–Vosschemie *(stagiaire)* |
|  | |
| Professional teams | |
| 1995–1997 | Collstrop–Lystex |
| 1998 | Palmans–Ideal |
| 1999 | U.S. Postal Service |
| 2000 | Française des Jeux |
| 2001–2002 | Team Coast |
| 2003 | Team Fakta |
| 2004 | Team CSC |
| 2005–2006 | Gerolsteiner |
| 2007–2008 | Cofidis |
| 2009–2010 | Team Saxo Bank |
|  | |
| Major wins | |
| Veenendaal–Veenendaal (1998)
Circuit Franco-Belge (1998) | |
|  | |


title: Franklin High School (New Jersey)

abstract: Franklin High School (FHS) is a comprehensive four-year public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades, located in the Somerset section of Franklin Township in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone secondary school of the Franklin Township Public Schools. As of the 2022–23 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,220 students and 171.1 classroom teachers, for a student–teacher ratio of 13.0:1. There were 835 students eligible for free lunch and 228 eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

text:
# Franklin High School (New Jersey)

**Franklin High School** (**FHS**) is a comprehensive four-year public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades, located in the Somerset section of Franklin Township in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as the lone secondary school of the Franklin Township Public Schools.

As of the 2022–23 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,220 students and 171.1 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.0:1. There were 835 students (37.6% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 228 (10.3% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

## Awards, recognition and rankings

The school was the 203rd-ranked public high school in New Jersey out of 339 schools statewide in *New Jersey Monthly* magazine's September 2014 cover story on the state's "Top Public High Schools", using a new ranking methodology. The school had been ranked 263rd in the state of 328 schools in 2012, after being ranked 201st in 2010 out of 322 schools listed. The magazine ranked the school 150th out of 316 schools in 2008.

## History

The original Franklin High School, now Franklin Middle School, was opened in 1961. Prior to that, the district sent its high school students to Princeton High School, Bound Brook High School, Highland Park High School, and New Brunswick High School among others. The original Franklin High School was designed to accommodate 1,600 students. By the mid 1990s, the student population had grown to over 2,000 making overcrowding a serious issue. In 2001, the residents of Franklin Township voted for the construction of a new High School. Construction began in 2002 and finished in September 2005. In that same month, the new Franklin High School opened its doors.

Among the persons who have served as Principal of Franklin High School are Orville Wilson, Dr. Howard Lucks, Dr. Neely Hackett, James Bevere, Dr. Thomas DiGanci as Interim Principal from September 2014 to June 2016, and Cheryl A. Clark. Dr. DiGanci was the former principal of Watchung Hills Regional High School, where he was employed as principal for forty years before retiring in 2012. Ron Brundidge also served as an interim principal. Cheryl A. Clark previously served as the principal of Irvington's University Elementary School in Irvington, NJ. In 2018, Frank Chmiel, who previously served as the school's vice principal was selected to be the new principal, serving until April 2021, when he accepted the position to become the educational leader of Princeton High School. At the time of his departure, his administration team included four vice principals and the athletic director. Dr. Nicholas Solomon, the principal of Franklin Middle School, was selected at the Board of Education's June 16, 2021 meeting to succeed Chimel.

## Academics

### Courses

FHS offers a wide selection of courses to suit all types of students. Honors level courses in the core content areas and in the areas of the Fine and Performing Arts and of Technology. The school offers business and vocational programs offering training and practical application in real world situations. Students can earn certification in Cisco Systems, acquire television production and studio recording skills, and participate in a variety of internship and co-op experiences offered through local area businesses. Students may choose to attend Somerset County Vocational and Technical High School either part-time or full-time. There students learn the core curriculum along with various skills such as auto shop and culinary arts.

The school offers an open Advanced Placement (AP) college-level courses. Any student can register for an AP course as along as he has completed the prerequisites. For example, it is not uncommon for sophomores to take AP United States History. The AP courses FHS has (as of the 21-22 school year) include:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

Certain students who have completed the majority of courses in a department have a chance to take college courses in local colleges. In many cases, these courses will earn the student college credit that can be transferred to their college at the school's discretion. In the past, seniors have taken courses in Princeton University, Rutgers University, and Raritan Valley Community College.

### Curriculum

Franklin High School students need to earn a total of 120 credits to be eligible for graduation. The vast majority of the year-long courses give 5 credits each while a half-year course offers 2.5 credits. The exceptions to this rule are the science classes with labs. An extra credit is given for each lab day in the 4-day cycle. AP sciences classes with a lab (AP Biology, AP Chemistry, AP Physics 1, & AP Physics C) give the students 6 credits. The credit spread for incoming classes is as follows:

| Department | Minimum Credits |
| --- | --- |
| English | 20 credits |
| Mathematics | 15 credits, including content equivalent to Algebra I and Geometry |
| Science | 15 credits, including content equivalent to Biology, and 2 additional laboratory/inquiry-based science courses |
| United States History | 10 credits |
| World History | 5 credits |
| World Languages | 5 credits or pupil demonstration of proficiency |
| Physical Education and Health and Safety | 5 credits for each year of public high school enrollment in New Jersey |
| Visual, Fine, and Performing Arts | 5 credits |
| 21st Century Life & Careers or Technical | 5 credits |
| Financial, Economic & Business Literacy | 2.5 credits |
| Elective Courses | 17.5 credits |
| **Total minimum credits** | **120** |

## Athletics

The Franklin High School Warriors compete in the Skyland Conference, which is comprised of public and private high schools in Hunterdon, Somerset and Warren counties in west Central Jersey and operates under the jurisdiction of the New Jersey State Interscholastic Athletic Association (NJSIAA). With 1,659 students in grades 10-12, the school was classified by the NJSIAA for the 2019–20 school year as Group IV for most athletic competition purposes, which included schools with an enrollment of 1,060 to 5,049 students in that grade range. The football team competes in Division 5B of the Big Central Football Conference, which includes 60 public and private high schools in Hunterdon, Middlesex, Somerset, Union and Warren counties, which are broken down into 10 divisions by size and location. The school was classified by the NJSIAA as Group V South for football for 2024–2026, which included schools with 1,333 to 2,324 students.

Sports offered by the Franklin High School Warriors athletic department include: baseball, basketball (boys and girls), bowling (boys and girls), cheerleading, cross country (boys and girls), field hockey, football, indoor track (boys and girls), soccer (boys and girls), softball, spring track (boys and girls), swimming (boys and girls), tennis (boys and girls) and wrestling.

The boys' bowling team won the overall state championship in 1975 and 1977.

The field hockey team won the North I Group I state sectional championship in 1977, 1980 and 1981.

The boys tennis team won the Group III state championship in 1982, defeating Millburn High School 3-2 in the final match of the tournament.

The football team won the Central Jersey Group III state sectional title in 1984, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1994 and 1996. The 1990 team won the Central Jersey Group III title with a 20-16 win against Ocean Township High School on a touchdown scored with under a minute left in the game. A 39-25 win against Neptune High School at Giants Stadium gave the 1994 team the Central Jersey Group III title. The team finished the 1996 season with a 10-1 record after defeating Hamilton High School West by a score of 26-3 at Giants Stadium in the Central Jersey Group III championship game.

The boys' track team won the Group III indoor relay championships in 1989, 1990 and 2006; the girls' track team won the relay title in Group III in 1991 and 1992, and in Group IV in 2015.

The boys indoor track team won the Group III state title in 1990 and the Group IV title in 2019. The girls won the indoor track title in Group III in 1992 and 2005.

The girls team won the NJSIAA spring / outdoor track state championship in Group III in 1993 and 2003.

The girls swimming team won the Public B state championship in 1996.

The boys spring / outdoor track team won the Group III championship in 1997 and the Group IV titles in 2017 and 2019.

The boys' basketball team won the Group III state title in 2003, defeating runner-up Cranford High School by a score of 66-59 in the finals.

The girls basketball team won the Group IV state championship in 2015 (defeating Shawnee High School in the tournament final), 2017 (vs. Sayreville High School), 2018 (vs. Toms River High School North) and 2019 (vs. Lenape High School); due to the cancellation of group finals due to COVID-19, the team was declared as North IV regional champion in 2020. The 2015 team won the program's first state title with a 54-58 win against Shawnee in the Group IV championship game. In 2017, the team won the Group IV title, defeating Sayreville High School by a score of 68-36 in the finals of the playoffs. The team went on to win the NJSIAA Tournament of Champions, defeating Manasquan High School in the tournament's final game. The 2019 team won the Group IV title with a 73-35 win against Lenape in the tournament final and moved on to the Tournament of Champions as the top seed, winning the semifinal round by a score of 55-50 against number-five seed St. Rose High School before taking the finals against number-two seed Saddle River Day School by a score of 65-57, setting the state record for wins in a season with a 34-0 mark for the year.

The boys' outdoor team won and set a new record time at the Penn Relays with a time of 41.98 seconds to win the boys 4x100 Large School title in 2016.

## Extracurricular activities

Most "clubs" meet after school when additional buses are available for after school transportation. Some clubs such as Brass Ensemble, Guitar Ensemble, and Model United Nations meet at night, in which cases the students are responsible for their own transportation. The Franklin High School Junior Classical league(JCL), recently hosted New Jersey JCL state convention at FHS. Recently, the Model United Nations club has won awards at several major conferences, including National High School Model UN conference (NHSMUN) 2021 and Rutgers Model Congress (RMC) 2022. They are also ranked in the top 10 in the country. Clubs offered at Franklin High School include:
Note: Some information may be inaccurate due to clubs forming or disbanding.

## Performing arts

Stage productions such as *Beauty and The Beast* (2009), *Sweeney Todd* (2010), *Hello, Dolly!* (2011), *Phantom of the Opera*, (1994 and 2012) *Aida* (2013), *In The Heights* (2014), Jekyll & Hyde (musical)(2015), Mary Poppins (2016), and Sister Act (musical)(2017), *Into the Woods* (2018), *Rent* (2018), *West Side Story* (2019) have been performed by the students of Franklin High School.

## Administration

The school's principal is Nicholas Solomon. Members of the school administration include four vice principals, one assigned to each grade.

## Notable alumni

## InfoBox

| Franklin High School | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | |
|  | |
| 500 Elizabeth Avenue
Somerset, Somerset County, New Jersey 08873
United States | |
| Coordinates | 40°31′02″N 74°32′48″W / 40.517217°N 74.546791°W / 40.517217; -74.546791 |
| Information | |
| Type | Public high school |
| Motto | Pride & Dignity |
| Established | 1961 (1961) |
| School district | Franklin Township Public Schools |
| NCES School ID | 340549005194 |
| Principal | Nicholas Solomon |
| Faculty | 171.1 FTEs |
| Grades | -12 |
| Enrollment | 2,220 (as of 2022–23) |
| Student to teacher ratio | 13.0:1 |
| Color(s) | Navy Blue and Gold |
| Athletics conference | Skyland Conference (general)
Big Central Football Conference (football) |
| Team name | Warriors |
| Newspaper | *The Warrior* |
| Yearbook | *Warrior* |
| Website | www.franklinboe.org/o/fahs |


title: Frank O'Donovan

abstract: Frank O'Donovan was an Irish actor, singer and songwriter. He is best remembered for playing the character of Batty Brennan for 10 years in Ireland's first TV soap, The Riordans.

text:
# Frank O'Donovan

**Frank O'Donovan** (10 October 1900 – 28 June 1974) was an Irish actor, singer and songwriter. He is best remembered for playing the character of Batty Brennan for 10 years in Ireland's first TV soap, *The Riordans*.

## Personal life

He was born in Dublin, Ireland to a family interested in amateur dramatics, which included his brother Harry O'Donovan. In the 1940s he set up his own acting company and for years toured Ireland and England with the "Frank O'Donovan Show" or the "Dublin Follies".

While on the road he composed and sang songs. In 1940 he recorded "The Road by the River" which was later covered by many singers in Ireland, including Margo O'Donnell who had a hit with it in 1968, and T.R. Dallas. His song "On the One Road" was adopted by the Irish Army as its official song in 1943. Other popular evergreens composed by him were "Sitting on the bridge below the town" and "Little White Cross".

He appeared in the films *Murder in Eden* (1961), *Johnny Nobody* (1961), *The Quare Fellow* (adaptation of Brendan Behan's play, 1962) and *Flight of the Doves* (1971).

## Family

He married the actress Kitty McMahon. They had two daughters together, Deirdre (b. 1928) and Máirín (b. 1936). Máirín O'Donovan became a singer, dancer and actress.

He had 5 grandchildren and 9 great-grandchildren.

## Songs

* "The Road by the River"
* "On the One Road"
* "Sitting on the Bridge Below the Town"
* "Little White Cross"

## InfoBox

| Frank O'Donovan | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1900-10-10)10 October 1900<br>Ireland |
| Died | 28 June 1974(1974-06-28) (aged 73) |
| Nationality | Irish |
| Occupation(s) | Actor, singer-songwriter |
| Television | The Riordans |
| Children |  |


title: Frank Sanderson

abstract: Sir Frank Bernard Sanderson, 1st Baronet was a British Conservative Party politician and public servant. During the First World War, Sanderson was Controller of Trench Warfare, National Shell Filling Factories and Stores at the Ministry of Munitions. He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Darwen constituency at the 1922 general election, but was defeated at the 1923 general election by the Liberal Frederick Hindle. He regained the seat from Hindle in 1924, but lost it again at the 1929 general election to the future Liberal leader, Herbert Samuel. Sanderson did not contest Darwen again, and at the 1931 general election he was returned to Parliament as MP for Ealing. He held that seat until its abolition for the 1945 general election, when was elected in the new Ealing East constituency. He retired from the House of Commons at the 1950 general election. Sanderson was an advocate of compulsory voting. Sanderson married Edith Amy Wing in 1904 and had sons Frank and Derek. He was created a baronet, of Malling Deanery in South Malling in the County of Sussex, in the 1920 Birthday Honours for his wartime work.

text:
# Frank Sanderson

**Sir Frank Bernard Sanderson, 1st Baronet** (4 October 1880 – 18 July 1965) was a British Conservative Party politician and public servant.

During the First World War, Sanderson was Controller of Trench Warfare, National Shell Filling Factories and Stores at the Ministry of Munitions.

He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Darwen constituency at the 1922 general election, but was defeated at the 1923 general election by the Liberal Frederick Hindle. He regained the seat from Hindle in 1924, but lost it again at the 1929 general election to the future Liberal leader, Herbert Samuel.

Sanderson did not contest Darwen again, and at the 1931 general election he was returned to Parliament as MP for Ealing. He held that seat until its abolition for the 1945 general election, when was elected in the new Ealing East constituency. He retired from the House of Commons at the 1950 general election.

Sanderson was an advocate of compulsory voting.

Sanderson married Edith Amy Wing in 1904 and had sons Frank and Derek. He was created a baronet, of Malling Deanery in South Malling in the County of Sussex, in the 1920 Birthday Honours for his wartime work.

## Footnotes


title: Frank Sanders (ice hockey)

abstract: Franklyn Bonn Sanders was an American professional ice hockey player who made 76 regular season game appearances for the WHA Minnesota Fighting Saints in 1972–73.

text:
# Frank Sanders (ice hockey)

**Franklyn Bonn Sanders** (March 8, 1949 – February 17, 2012) was an American professional ice hockey player who made 76 regular season game appearances for the WHA Minnesota Fighting Saints in 1972–73.

## Early life

Born in Oakdale, Minnesota, he is perhaps best known for being a member of the United States hockey team that won a silver medal in the 1972 Olympic Winter Games in Sapporo, Japan.

## Career

Sanders also played on the 1969 WCHA champion Minnesota Gophers hockey team and was captain of the 1970–71 team. He was awarded the John Mariucci Most Valuable Player Award that year.

After turning down an offer by the Boston Bruins in order to play for the Olympics, Sanders was later signed by his hometown team, the Minnesota Fighting Saints. The Saints were a charter member of the upstart World Hockey Association, a professional league that was challenging the NHL hockey empire.

Sanders was known for his tough play and fighting ability. At the end of his first season, he unexpectedly quit playing hockey to pursue life in the ministry. Until his death, he was pastor at Spirit of Life Bible Church in Woodbury, Minnesota.

In November 2011, he published his autobiography titled *From Silver to Gold* in which he tells of about his experiences playing hockey and his sudden decision to walk away from his pro career. He died in Woodbury, Minnesota in February 2012.

## InfoBox

Frank Sanders
| Medal record | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Men's ice hockey | | |
| Representing  United States | | |
| Olympic Games | | |
|  | 1972 Sapporo | Team |


title: Frederick Hanson

abstract: Frederick John Hanson, was the Commissioner of the New South Wales Police Force from 1972 to 1976.

text:
# Frederick Hanson

**Frederick John Hanson**, CBE, QPM (26 May 1914 – 26 October 1980) was the Commissioner of the New South Wales Police Force from 1972 to 1976.

## Early life

Hanson was born in Orange, New South Wales, on 26 May 1914 and was educated at Christian Brothers College, Burwood. He worked as a manufacturing jeweller's assistant and a transit porter before joining the police force in 1936. He served in the Second World War with the Royal Australian Air Force from 1942 until 1946. He was rapidly promoted through the police ranks, becoming assistant commissioner in 1968 and deputy commissioner in early 1972. His nickname in the force was "Slippery".

## Career

Hanson was promoted to commissioner on 15 November 1972, having been recommended for the role by his predecessor, Norman Allan, whose term had been tarnished by corruption allegations. Upon taking office, Hanson reportedly sacked 28 corrupt officers and announced that he saw drugs as the biggest problem facing police. As commissioner, Hanson reorganised the force structure, changed the police uniform, introduced Australia's first crime intelligence unit, and allowed women police officers to transfer to general duties for the first time. He was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in January 1974. He was occasionally referred to as a "playboy" for his personal habits while commissioner, and critics derided his term as undistinguished.

As with his predecessor, issues of corruption and poor management continued throughout Hanson's term. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation settled a defamation action in 1976 after alleging the previous year that he held a financial interest in a gambling club; however, after his death in 1980 freed media to report without facing Australia's strict defamation laws, he faced repeated allegations of corruption, including having received money from illegal gambling interests and personal ties to various criminal figures. He retired early in 1976. Hanson sought successfully to have Mervyn Wood appointed as his successor; Wood, like Hanson and Allan, was dogged by corruption allegations and later unsuccessfully prosecuted.

Hanson made an abortive campaign as an independent candidate for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Gosford at the 1978 election, but withdrew before election day. Bob Bottom would later allege that his campaign had been motivated by anger at the decision of Premier Neville Wran to order the closure of illegal casinos.

Hanson died in his car in his garage in October 1980. The engine was not running when the body was found. It was initially reported as a heart attack, but later understood to be from carbon monoxide poisoning. The coroner decided not to hold an inquest.

## InfoBox

| Frederick HansonCBE, QPM | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Commissioner of the New South Wales Police | |
| **In office**
15 November 1972  31 December 1976 | |
| Preceded by | Norman Allan |
| Succeeded by | Mervyn Wood |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1914-05-26)26 May 1914
Orange, New South Wales |
| Died | 26 October 1980(1980-10-26) (aged 66) |
|  | |