title: 1960 Philadelphia Phillies season

abstract: The 1960 Philadelphia Phillies season was the 78th in franchise history. The team finished in eighth place in the National League with a record of 59–95, 36 games behind the NL and World Series Champion Pittsburgh Pirates.

text:
# 1960 Philadelphia Phillies season

The **1960 Philadelphia Phillies season** was the 78th in franchise history. The team finished in eighth place in the National League with a record of 59–95, 36 games behind the NL and World Series Champion Pittsburgh Pirates.

## Offseason

## Regular season

Manager Eddie Sawyer abruptly resigned after the season opener. The Phillies hired Gene Mauch as his replacement, but coach Andy Cohen managed one game before Mauch could join the team from the Minneapolis Millers, leading the Phillies to a 5–4 win in ten innings over the Milwaukee Braves. This was the only game Cohen ever managed in the major leagues, leaving him with a perfect record as a manager.

### Season standings

National League
| Team |  |  | Pct. | GB | Home | Road |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pittsburgh Pirates | 95 | 59 | .617 |  | 5225 | 4334 |
| Milwaukee Braves | 88 | 66 | .571 | 7 | 5126 | 3740 |
| St. Louis Cardinals | 86 | 68 | .558 | 9 | 5126 | 3542 |
| Los Angeles Dodgers | 82 | 72 | .532 | 13 | 4235 | 4037 |
| San Francisco Giants | 79 | 75 | .513 | 16 | 4532 | 3443 |
| Cincinnati Reds | 67 | 87 | .435 | 28 | 3740 | 3047 |
| Chicago Cubs | 60 | 94 | .390 | 35 | 3344 | 2750 |
| Philadelphia Phillies | 59 | 95 | .383 | 36 | 3146 | 2849 |

### Record vs. opponents

|
Sources: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | CHC | CIN | LA | MIL | PHI | PIT | SF | STL |
| Chicago |  | 10–12 | 9–13 | 7–15 | 10–12 | 7–15 | 9–13–1 | 8–14–1 |
| Cincinnati | 12–10 |  | 12–10 | 9–13 | 9–13 | 6–16 | 11–11 | 8–14 |
| Los Angeles | 13–9 | 10–12 |  | 12–10 | 16–6 | 11–11 | 10–12 | 10–12 |
| Milwaukee | 15–7 | 13–9 | 10–12 |  | 16–6 | 9–13 | 14–8 | 11–11 |
| Philadelphia | 12–10 | 13–9 | 6–16 | 6–16 |  | 7–15 | 8–14 | 7–15 |
| Pittsburgh | 15–7 | 16–6 | 11–11 | 13–9 | 15–7 |  | 14–8–1 | 11–11 |
| San Francisco | 13–9–1 | 11–11 | 12–10 | 8–14 | 14–8 | 8–14–1 |  | 13–9 |
| St. Louis | 14–8–1 | 14–8 | 12–10 | 11–11 | 15–7 | 11–11 | 9–13 |  |

### Notable transactions

### Game log

| Legend | |
| --- | --- |
|  | Phillies win |
|  | Phillies loss |
|  | Postponement |
| **Bold** | Phillies team member |

| 1960 Game Log
Overall Record: 59–95 |
| --- |
|
| April (5–9)    # Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record  1 April 12 @ Reds 4–9 Brooks Lawrence (1–0) **Robin Roberts** (0–1) Bill Henry (1) 30,075 0–1  2 April 14 Braves 5–4 (10) **Don Cardwell** (1–0) Juan Pizarro (0–1) *None* 32,038 1–1  3 April 16 Braves 3–13 Lew Burdette (1–0) **John Buzhardt** (0–1) *None* 9,077 1–2  4 April 17 Braves 4–8 Bob Buhl (1–0) **Robin Roberts** (0–2) *None* 6,632 1–3  5 April 19 @ Pirates 4–3 **Jim Owens** (1–0) Harvey Haddix (0–1) *None* 11,443 2–3  6 April 20 @ Pirates 2–4 Vern Law (2–0) **Don Cardwell** (1–1) *None* 10,403 2–4  7 April 21 @ Pirates 5–11 Fred Green (1–0) **Humberto Robinson** (0–1) Roy Face (1) 9,451 2–5  8 April 22 Reds 10–7 **Robin Roberts** (1–2) Jay Hook (1–1) **Rubén Gómez** (1) 12,254 3–5  9 April 23 Reds 3–2 (13) **Turk Farrell** (1–0) Bill Henry (0–1) *None* 5,168 4–5  10 April 24 (1) Reds 9–5 **Chris Short** (1–0) Bob Purkey (0–1) **Turk Farrell** (1) see 2nd game 5–5  11 April 24 (2) Reds 4–10 Don Newcombe (1–0) **Jim Owens** (1–1) Jim Brosnan (1) 19,873 5–6  April 26 Pirates *Postponed (rain); Makeup: July 8 as a traditional double-header*  12 April 27 Pirates 2–3 Vern Law (3–0) **Jack Meyer** (0–1) *None* 9,233 5–7  13 April 28 Pirates 0–3 Bob Friend (3–0) **John Buzhardt** (0–2) *None* 8,789 5–8  14 April 29 @ Braves 3–5 Juan Pizarro (1–1) **Jim Owens** (1–2) Warren Spahn (1) 12,480 5–9  April 30 @ Braves *Postponed (rain); Makeup: August 18* |
| May (9–18)    # Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record  15 May 1 @ Braves 4–5 Lew Burdette (2–1) **Don Cardwell** (1–2) Don McMahon (1) 17,884 5–10  16 May 2 @ Cubs 7–8 Ben Johnson (1–1) **Humberto Robinson** (0–2) *None* 2,807 5–11  17 May 3 @ Cubs 10–9 **Jack Meyer** (1–1) Glen Hobbie (2–2) **Turk Farrell** (2) 3,046 6–11  18 May 4 @ Cardinals 3–5 Marshall Bridges (2–0) **John Buzhardt** (0–3) Lindy McDaniel (4) 6,226 6–12  19 May 5 @ Cardinals 3–1 **Jim Owens** (2–2) Vinegar Bend Mizell (1–2) *None* 7,812 7–12  20 May 6 @ Dodgers 6–1 (10) **Turk Farrell** (2–0) Sandy Koufax (0–2) *None* 20,165 8–12  21 May 7 @ Dodgers 2–3 (11) Larry Sherry (3–3) **Rubén Gómez** (0–1) *None* 24,082 8–13  22 May 8 @ Dodgers 4–2 **Jack Meyer** (2–1) Ed Rakow (0–1) **Turk Farrell** (3) 20,756 9–13  23 May 10 @ Giants 2–4 Stu Miller (1–1) **Gene Conley** (0–1) Billy O'Dell (1) 20,304 9–14  24 May 11 @ Giants 0–1 Sam Jones (4–2) **Jim Owens** (2–3) *None* 11,447 9–15  25 May 12 @ Giants 0–1 Jack Sanford (3–1) **Robin Roberts** (1–3) *None* 10,849 9–16  26 May 13 @ Reds 0–1 Jim O'Toole (3–2) **Rubén Gómez** (0–2) *None* 6,787 9–17  27 May 14 @ Reds 5–2 **Jack Meyer** (3–1) Jay Hook (3–3) **Turk Farrell** (4) 4,239 10–17  28 May 15 (1) @ Reds 14–3 **Gene Conley** (1–1) Cal McLish (2–3) *None* see 2nd game 11–17  29 May 15 (2) @ Reds 1–5 Don Newcombe (2–1) **Humberto Robinson** (0–3) Bill Henry (6) 17,860 11–18  30 May 16 Cardinals 3–5 Ernie Broglio (1–1) **Jim Owens** (2–4) *None* 11,321 11–19  May 17 Cardinals *Postponed (rain); Makeup: August 9 as a traditional double-header*  May 18 Cubs *Postponed (rain); Makeup: June 21 as a traditional double-header*  31 May 19 Cubs 2–4 Bob Anderson (1–1) **Robin Roberts** (1–4) *None* 12,297 11–20  32 May 20 Dodgers 6–3 **Gene Conley** (2–1) Johnny Podres (2–4) *None* 18,681 12–20  May 21 Dodgers *Postponed (rain); Makeup: June 29 as a traditional double-header*  33 May 22 Dodgers 6–9 Ed Roebuck (2–1) **Rubén Gómez** (0–3) Don Drysdale (1) 12,780 12–21  34 May 24 Giants 0–4 Sam Jones (5–3) **Jim Owens** (2–5) *None* 20,529 12–22  35 May 25 Giants 1–5 (8) Mike McCormick (6–2) **Robin Roberts** (1–5) *None* 17,713 12–23  36 May 26 Giants 0–9 Jack Sanford (5–1) **Gene Conley** (2–2) *None* 14,386 12–24  May 27 @ Pirates *Postponed (rain); Makeup: August 16 as a traditional double-header*  37 May 28 @ Pirates 2–4 (13) Jim Umbricht (1–2) **Turk Farrell** (2–1) *None* 9,476 12–25  38 May 29 @ Pirates 5–8 Vern Law (7–1) **Robin Roberts** (1–6) Fred Green (2) 15,704 12–26  39 May 30 (1) Reds 4–5 (10) Jim Brosnan (3–0) **Gene Conley** (2–3) Bob Grim (1) see 2nd game 12–27  40 May 30 (2) Reds 6–1 **John Buzhardt** (1–3) Don Newcombe (3–2) *None* 20,323 13–27  41 May 31 Braves 12–7 **Chris Short** (2–0) Lew Burdette (3–2) **Turk Farrell** (5) 8,155 14–27 |
| June (14–15)    # Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record  42 June 1 Braves 3–6 Bob Buhl (4–2) **Robin Roberts** (1–7) *None* 10,682 14–28  43 June 2 Braves 8–9 Warren Spahn (3–2) **Taylor Phillips** (0–1) Bob Rush (1) 10,002 14–29  44 June 3 Pirates 0–3 Vern Law (8–1) **John Buzhardt** (1–4) *None* 16,738 14–30  June 4 Pirates *Postponed (rain); Makeup: September 20 as a traditional double-header*  45 June 5 (1) Pirates 2–0 **Gene Conley** (3–3) Bob Friend (6–3) *None* see 2nd game 15–30  46 June 5 (2) Pirates 4–1 **Jim Owens** (3–5) Harvey Haddix (3–2) *None* 23,410 16–30  47 June 6 @ Cardinals 2–5 Larry Jackson (7–5) **Chris Short** (2–1) *None* 9,908 16–31  48 June 7 @ Cardinals 5–3 **Robin Roberts** (2–7) Bob Miller (2–1) **Turk Farrell** (6) 9,635 17–31  49 June 8 @ Cardinals 5–4 **John Buzhardt** (2–4) Lindy McDaniel (3–3) *None* 8,263 18–31  50 June 10 @ Cubs 1–6 Mark Freeman (1–0) **Jim Owens** (3–6) *None* 5,077 18–32  51 June 11 @ Cubs 7–1 **Chris Short** (3–1) Dick Ellsworth (3–3) *None* 13,166 19–32  52 June 12 @ Cubs 7–8 (10) Mark Freeman (2–0) **Humberto Robinson** (0–4) *None* 8,481 19–33  53 June 14 @ Dodgers 6–5 (10) **Turk Farrell** (3–1) Clem Labine (0–1) *None* 18,031 20–33  54 June 15 @ Dodgers 2–14 Sandy Koufax (2–8) **Jim Owens** (3–7) *None* 13,295 20–34  55 June 16 @ Dodgers 6–10 Johnny Podres (6–5) **John Buzhardt** (2–5) Ed Roebuck (2) 19,573 20–35  56 June 17 @ Giants 3–7 Mike McCormick (8–3) **Chris Short** (3–2) Billy Loes (3) 20,952 20–36  57 June 18 @ Giants 4–7 Sam Jones (9–5) **Dallas Green** (0–1) Johnny Antonelli (2) 19,494 20–37  58 June 19 @ Giants 2–1 (11) **Robin Roberts** (3–7) Jack Sanford (6–4) *None* 32,159 21–37  59 June 21 (1) Cubs 7–6 (13) **Turk Farrell** (4–1) Glen Hobbie (6–9) *None* see 2nd game 22–37  60 June 21 (2) Cubs 7–6\[a\]\[b\] **John Buzhardt** (3–5) Joe Schaffernoth (0–2) **Robin Roberts** (1) 26,233 23–37  61 June 22 Cubs 6–3 **Chris Short** (4–2) Bob Anderson (2–3) *None* 9,342 24–37  62 June 23 Cubs 4–3 **Turk Farrell** (5–1) Seth Morehead (0–6) *None* 8,144 25–37  63 June 24 Cardinals 4–3 **Robin Roberts** (4–7) Ernie Broglio (5–3) *None* 14,489 26–37  64 June 25 Cardinals 0–1 Curt Simmons (1–0) **Jim Owens** (3–8) Lindy McDaniel (13) 7,660 26–38  65 June 26 (1) Cardinals 3–2 (12) **John Buzhardt** (4–5) Ernie Broglio (5–4) *None* see 2nd game 27–38  66 June 26 (2) Cardinals 3–4 Ernie Broglio (6–4) **Chris Short** (4–3) *None* 19,998 27–39  67 June 28 Dodgers 2–0 **Dallas Green** (1–1) Stan Williams (6–2) *None* 22,775 28–39  68 June 29 (1) Dodgers 3–6 Larry Sherry (6–4) **Turk Farrell** (5–2) *None* see 2nd game 28–40  69 June 29 (2) Dodgers 2–5 Sandy Koufax (3–8) **Gene Conley** (3–4) Ed Roebuck (3) 25,572 28–41  70 June 30 Dodgers 6–10 Ed Roebuck (5–1) **Jim Owens** (3–9) *None* 20,859 28–42 |
| July (10–17)    # Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record  July 1 Giants *Postponed (rain); Makeup: August 2 as a traditional double-header*  71 July 2 Giants 3–2 (11) **Turk Farrell** (6–2) Mike McCormick (9–4) *None* 20,647 29–42  72 July 3 Giants 5–11 Sam Jones (10–7) **Chris Short** (4–4) Mike McCormick (2) 15,700 29–43  73 July 4 (1) @ Reds 0–5 Jay Hook (7–7) **Dallas Green** (1–2) *None* see 2nd game 29–44  74 July 4 (2) @ Reds 5–2 **Gene Conley** (4–4) Joe Nuxhall (1–4) *None* 15,280 30–44  75 July 5 @ Reds 2–0 **Robin Roberts** (5–7) Don Newcombe (3–6) *None* 5,847 31–44  76 July 6 @ Braves 8–5 (10) **Gene Conley** (5–4) Don McMahon (2–6) *None* 14,753 32–44  77 July 7 @ Braves 0–2 Warren Spahn (8–5) **Chris Short** (4–5) *None* 14,983 32–45  78 July 8 (1) Pirates 6–5 (10) **Turk Farrell** (7–2) Fred Green (4–3) *None* see 2nd game 33–45  79 July 8 (2) Pirates 3–8 Bob Friend (10–5) **Dallas Green** (1–3) *None* 36,056 33–46  80 July 9 Pirates 2–1 **Gene Conley** (6–4) Vern Law (11–4) *None* 19,541 34–46  81 July 10 Pirates 2–6 Harvey Haddix (6–4) **Robin Roberts** (5–8) Roy Face (13) 13,012 34–47  July 11 **1960 Major League Baseball All-Star Game at Municipal Stadium in Kansas City**  July 13 **1960 Major League Baseball All-Star Game at Yankee Stadium in New York City**  82 July 15 Braves 5–7 Warren Spahn (9–6) **Chris Short** (4–6) Ron Piché (4) 19,429 34–48  83 July 16 Braves 4–6 Joey Jay (3–5) **Robin Roberts** (5–9) Don Nottebart (1) 17,969 34–49  84 July 17 Braves 3–7 Lew Burdette (10–4) **Gene Conley** (6–5) *None* 10,686 34–50  85 July 19 @ Giants 0–2 Juan Marichal (1–0) **John Buzhardt** (4–6) *None* 13,279 34–51  86 July 20 @ Giants 1–3 Sam Jones (12–9) **Chris Short** (4–7) Johnny Antonelli (4) 10,504 34–52  87 July 21 @ Giants 3–0 **Robin Roberts** (6–9) Jack Sanford (8–8) *None* 9,561 35–52  88 July 22 @ Dodgers 0–2 Don Drysdale (8–10) **Gene Conley** (6–6) *None* 21,335 35–53  89 July 23 @ Dodgers 0–2 Roger Craig (4–1) **Dallas Green** (1–4) *None* 31,631 35–54  90 July 24 @ Dodgers 0–9 Stan Williams (10–2) **John Buzhardt** (4–7) *None* 14,027 35–55  91 July 26 @ Cubs 4–3 **Robin Roberts** (7–9) Glen Hobbie (9–13) **Turk Farrell** (7) 4,791 36–55  92 July 27 @ Cubs 7–5 **Gene Conley** (7–6) Seth Morehead (1–7) **Turk Farrell** (8) 7,409 37–55  93 July 28 @ Cubs 3–2 **Dallas Green** (2–4) Dick Ellsworth (4–8) *None* 5,442 38–55  94 July 29 @ Cardinals 0–3 Ernie Broglio (11–5) **John Buzhardt** (4–8) *None* 14,028 38–56  95 July 30 @ Cardinals 3–6 Larry Jackson (13–8) **Chris Short** (4–8) *None* 8,332 38–57  96 July 31 (1) @ Cardinals 2–9 Curt Simmons (3–1) **Gene Conley** (7–7) *None* see 2nd game 38–58  97 July 31 (2) @ Cardinals 3–5 Ray Sadecki (5–5) **Robin Roberts** (7–10) Lindy McDaniel (16) 20,061 38–59 |
| August (10–20)    # Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record  98 August 2 (1) Giants 7–3 **Dallas Green** (3–4) Jack Sanford (9–9) **Turk Farrell** (9) see 2nd game 39–59  99 August 2 (2) Giants 6–5 **Turk Farrell** (8–2) Stu Miller (3–4) *None* 26,276 40–59  100 August 3 Giants 6–5 **Turk Farrell** (9–2) Billy Loes (3–2) *None* 11,169 41–59  101 August 4 Giants 7–8 Johnny Antonelli (4–6) **Jim Owens** (3–10) Stu Miller (1) 12,876 41–60  August 5 Dodgers *Postponed (rain); Makeup: August 7 as a traditional double-header*  102 August 6 Dodgers 3–1 **Robin Roberts** (8–10) Stan Williams (11–4) *None* 22,741 42–60  103 August 7 (1) Dodgers 7–8 Larry Sherry (9–8) **Turk Farrell** (9–3) *None* see 2nd game 42–61  104 August 7 (2) Dodgers 1–2 Sandy Koufax (4–8) **John Buzhardt** (4–9) *None* 22,707 42–62  105 August 9 (1) Cardinals 4–5 Lindy McDaniel (9–3) **Dallas Green** (3–5) *None* see 2nd game 42–63  106 August 9 (2) Cardinals 0–6 Curt Simmons (4–2) **Gene Conley** (7–8) *None* 21,312 42–64  107 August 10 Cardinals 5–6 (10) Lindy McDaniel (10–3) **Turk Farrell** (9–4) Ed Bauta (1) 12,176 42–65  108 August 12 Cubs 10–6 **Chris Short** (5–8) Glen Hobbie (10–16) **Turk Farrell** (10) 10,714 43–65  109 August 13 Cubs 2–4 Bob Anderson (6–7) **John Buzhardt** (4–10) Don Elston (9) 2,533 43–66  110 August 14 (1) Cubs 1–2 Dick Ellsworth (6–8) **Gene Conley** (7–9) *None* see 2nd game 43–67  111 August 14 (2) Cubs 3–7 Moe Drabowsky (3–1) **Dallas Green** (3–6) Glen Hobbie (1) 11,725 43–68  112 August 15 @ Pirates 4–3 **Art Mahaffey** (1–0) Roy Face (6–6) **Chris Short** (1) 19,912 44–68  113 August 16 (1) @ Pirates 2–11 Bob Friend (13–9) **Jim Owens** (3–11) *None* see 2nd game 44–69  114 August 16 (2) @ Pirates 3–4 Roy Face (7–6) **Robin Roberts** (8–11) *None* 34,673 44–70  115 August 17 @ Pirates 3–5 Harvey Haddix (8–7) **John Buzhardt** (4–11) Clem Labine (4) 33,598 44–71  116 August 18 @ Braves 0–1 Lew Burdette (14–7) **Gene Conley** (7–10) *None* 16,338 44–72  117 August 19 @ Braves 3–2 **Art Mahaffey** (2–0) Juan Pizarro (6–6) *None* 14,723 45–72  118 August 20 @ Braves 0–1 Bob Buhl (12–6) **Robin Roberts** (8–12) *None* 23,985 45–73  119 August 21 @ Braves 2–3 Warren Spahn (15–7) **John Buzhardt** (4–12) *None* 23,169 45–74  120 August 23 @ Cardinals 2–4 Ray Sadecki (7–7) **Gene Conley** (7–11) Lindy McDaniel (20) 13,283 45–75  121 August 24 @ Cardinals 5–3 **Art Mahaffey** (3–0) Larry Jackson (11–14) **Chris Short** (2) 10,636 46–75  122 August 26 @ Cubs 4–2 **Robin Roberts** (9–12) Bob Anderson (7–8) *None* 5,021 47–75  123 August 27 @ Cubs 4–5 Don Elston (7–7) **Chris Short** (5–9) *None* 9,657 47–76  124 August 28 @ Cubs 6–8 Don Cardwell (6–12) **Gene Conley** (7–12) Joe Schaffernoth (3) 11,383 47–77  125 August 29 @ Giants 2–0 **Art Mahaffey** (4–0) Mike McCormick (11–10) *None* 10,062 48–77  126 August 30 @ Giants 1–2 Sam Jones (15–14) **Robin Roberts** (9–13) *None* 7,014 48–78  127 August 31 @ Dodgers 1–3 Roger Craig (6–1) **John Buzhardt** (4–13) *None* 12,586 48–79 |
| September (9–16)    # Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record  128 September 1 @ Dodgers 2–3 (11) Don Drysdale (12–13) **Turk Farrell** (9–5) *None* 28,946 48–80  129 September 3 @ Pirates 3–2 **Art Mahaffey** (5–0) Vern Law (19–6) *None* 18,487 49–80  130 September 4 @ Pirates 3–5 Vinegar Bend Mizell (10–7) **Jim Owens** (3–12) Clem Labine (6) 17,856 49–81  131 September 5 Reds 2–9 Bob Purkey (16–8) **Robin Roberts** (9–14) *None* 8,979 49–82  132 September 6 Reds 1–6 (10) Jim Brosnan (7–2) **John Buzhardt** (4–14) *None* 4,396 49–83  133 September 7 Cubs 2–0 **Gene Conley** (8–12) Don Cardwell (7–13) *None* 3,323 50–83  134 September 8 Cubs 1–2 Glen Hobbie (14–17) **Art Mahaffey** (5–1) *None* 3,808 50–84  135 September 9 Cardinals 1–5 (5) Larry Jackson (16–12) **Robin Roberts** (9–15) *None* 18,677 50–85  136 September 10 Cardinals 7–2 **Jim Owens** (4–12) Ray Sadecki (8–8) *None* 6,444 51–85  137 September 11 Cardinals 3–7 Curt Simmons (7–3) **John Buzhardt** (4–15) Lindy McDaniel (24) 3,722 51–86  September 12 Dodgers *Postponed (rain; Hurricane Donna); Makeup: September 13 as a traditional double-header*  138 September 13 (1) Dodgers 1–2 (10) Johnny Podres (12–11) **Gene Conley** (8–13) Larry Sherry (7) see 2nd game 51–87  139 September 13 (2) Dodgers 1–4 Sandy Koufax (8–12) **Art Mahaffey** (5–2) *None* 7,559 51–88  140 September 14 Giants 5–1 **Robin Roberts** (10–15) Billy O'Dell (7–12) *None* 4,432 52–88  141 September 15 Giants 6–8 (11) Johnny Antonelli (6–7) **Turk Farrell** (9–6) Billy Loes (5) 4,847 52–89  142 September 16 @ Braves 0–4 Warren Spahn (20–9) **John Buzhardt** (4–16) *None* 6,117 52–90  143 September 17 @ Braves 5–2 (10) **Turk Farrell** (10–6) Ron Piché (2–5) **Chris Short** (3) 11,523 53–90  144 September 18 @ Braves 1–7 (8) Joey Jay (9–7) **Art Mahaffey** (5–3) *None* 10,561 53–91  145 September 20 (1) Pirates 1–7 Bob Friend (17–11) **Robin Roberts** (10–16) *None* see 2nd game 53–92  146 September 20 (2) Pirates 2–3 Clem Labine (3–4) **Jim Owens** (4–13) *None* 17,216 53–93  147 September 23 @ Reds 6–1 **John Buzhardt** (5–16) Bob Purkey (17–10) *None* 3,919 54–93  148 September 24 @ Reds 0–5 Jim Maloney (2–5) **Gene Conley** (8–14) *None* 2,798 54–94  149 September 25 @ Reds 7–1 **Art Mahaffey** (6–3) Jay Hook (11–18) *None* 7,178 55–94  150 September 27 Braves 5–3 **Robin Roberts** (11–16) Joey Jay (9–8) **Turk Farrell** (11) 4,060 56–94  151 September 28 Braves 3–9 Lew Burdette (19–12) **Jim Owens** (4–14) *None* 2,884 56–95  152 September 30 Reds 7–6 (14) **Chris Short** (6–9) Orlando Peña (0–1) *None* 3,370 57–95 |
| October (2–0)    # Date Opponent Score Win Loss Save Attendance Record  153 October 1 Reds 7–3 **Robin Roberts** (12–16) Jim Maloney (2–6) *None* 1,897 58–95  154 October 2 Reds 6–1 **Art Mahaffey** (7–3) Bob Purkey (17–11) *None* 3,598 59–95 |
| **^\[a\]** The June 21, 1960 (game 2), game was protested by the Cubs in the bottom of the fifth inning. The protest was later denied. **^\[b\]** The June 21 game was suspended at the end of the eighth inning with the score 7–5 and was completed June 22, 1960. |

### Roster

| 1960 Philadelphia Phillies | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Roster** | | | | | | | | | |
| **Pitchers** |  | **Catchers** **Infielders** |  | **Outfielders** |  | **Manager** **Coaches** |
|

## Player stats

### Batting

#### Starters by position

*Note: Pos = Position; G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Pos | Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| C | Jimmie Coker | 81 | 252 | 54 | .214 | 6 | 34 |
| 1B | Pancho Herrera | 145 | 512 | 144 | .281 | 17 | 71 |
| 2B | Tony Taylor | 127 | 505 | 145 | .287 | 4 | 35 |
| SS | Rubén Amaro | 92 | 264 | 61 | .231 | 0 | 16 |
| 3B | Al Dark | 55 | 198 | 48 | .242 | 3 | 14 |
| LF | Bob Smith | 98 | 217 | 62 | .286 | 4 | 27 |
| CF | Bobby Del Greco | 100 | 300 | 71 | .237 | 10 | 26 |
| RF | Ken Walters | 124 | 426 | 102 | .239 | 8 | 37 |

#### Other batters

*Note: G = Games played; AB = At bats; H = Hits; Avg. = Batting average; HR = Home runs; RBI = Runs batted in*

| Player | G | AB | H | Avg. | HR | RBI |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Johnny Callison | 99 | 288 | 75 | .260 | 9 | 30 |
| Tony Curry | 95 | 245 | 64 | .261 | 6 | 34 |
| Tony González | 78 | 241 | 72 | .299 | 6 | 33 |
| Lee Walls | 65 | 181 | 36 | .199 | 3 | 19 |
| Joe Koppe | 58 | 170 | 29 | .171 | 1 | 13 |
| Cal Neeman | 59 | 160 | 29 | .181 | 4 | 13 |
| Clay Dalrymple | 82 | 158 | 43 | .272 | 4 | 21 |
| Ted Lepcio | 69 | 141 | 32 | .227 | 2 | 8 |
| Bobby Malkmus | 79 | 133 | 28 | .211 | 1 | 12 |
| Harry Anderson | 38 | 93 | 23 | .247 | 5 | 12 |
| Wally Post | 34 | 84 | 24 | .286 | 2 | 12 |
| Joe Morgan | 26 | 83 | 11 | .133 | 0 | 2 |
| Ed Bouchee | 22 | 65 | 17 | .262 | 0 | 8 |
| Jim Woods | 11 | 34 | 6 | .176 | 1 | 3 |
| Dave Philley | 14 | 15 | 5 | .333 | 0 | 4 |
| Bobby Wine | 4 | 14 | 2 | .143 | 0 | 0 |

### Pitching

#### Starting pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Robin Roberts | 35 | 237.1 | 12 | 16 | 4.02 | 122 |
| John Buzhardt | 30 | 200.1 | 5 | 16 | 3.86 | 73 |
| Gene Conley | 29 | 183.1 | 8 | 14 | 3.68 | 117 |
| Jim Owens | 31 | 150.0 | 4 | 14 | 5.04 | 83 |
| Art Mahaffey | 14 | 93.1 | 7 | 3 | 2.31 | 56 |

#### Other pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; IP = Innings pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | IP | W | L | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Dallas Green | 23 | 108.2 | 3 | 6 | 4.06 | 51 |
| Chris Short | 42 | 107.1 | 6 | 9 | 3.94 | 54 |
| Don Cardwell | 5 | 28.1 | 1 | 2 | 4.45 | 21 |
| Jack Meyer | 7 | 25.0 | 3 | 1 | 4.32 | 18 |
| Curt Simmons | 4 | 4.0 | 0 | 0 | 18.00 | 4 |

#### Relief pitchers

*Note: G = Games pitched; W = Wins; L = Losses; SV = Saves; ERA = Earned run average; SO = Strikeouts*

| Player | G | W | L | SV | ERA | SO |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Turk Farrell | 59 | 10 | 6 | 11 | 2.70 | 70 |
| Humberto Robinson | 33 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 3.44 | 31 |
| Rubén Gómez | 22 | 0 | 3 | 1 | 5.33 | 24 |
| Taylor Phillips | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 8.36 | 6 |
| Al Neiger | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.68 | 3 |
| Hank Mason | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.53 | 3 |

## Farm system

| Level | Team | League | Manager |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| AAA | Indianapolis Indians | American Association | Johnny Hutchings and Ted Beard |
| AAA | Buffalo Bisons | International League | Kerby Farrell |
| AA | Chattanooga Lookouts | Southern Association | Spook Jacobs |
|  | Williamsport Grays | Eastern League | Frank Lucchesi |
|  | Asheville Tourists | Sally League | Chuck Kress |
|  | Des Moines Demons | Illinois–Indiana–Iowa League | Andy Seminick |
|  | Bakersfield Bears | California League | Lou Kahn |
|  | Johnson City Phillies | Appalachian League | Ben Tompkins |
|  | Tampa Tarpons | Florida State League | Moose Johnson |
|  | Elmira Pioneers | New York–Penn League | Jack Phillips |

LEAGUE CO-CHAMPIONS: Williamsport

## InfoBox

| 1960 Philadelphia Phillies | |
| --- | --- |
| League | National League |
| Ballpark | Connie Mack Stadium |
| City | Philadelphia |
| Owners | R. R. M. Carpenter, Jr. |
| General managers | John J. Quinn |
| Managers | Eddie Sawyer, Gene Mauch |
| Television | WFIL |
| Radio | WFIL
(By Saam, Claude Haring, Frank Sims) |
|  | |


title: Motive (album)

abstract: Motive is the second album from Red Box and was released in 1990.

text:
# Motive (album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***Motive*** is the second album from Red Box and was released in 1990.

## Track listing

All songs written and composed by Simon Toulson-Clarke, except where noted.

### East West Records LP: WX381

Side one
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Train" | Simon Toulson-Clarke, David Motion | 4:02 |
| 2. | "Moving" | Toulson-Clarke, Alastair Gavin | 5:26 |
| 3. | "Hungry" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 4:53 |
| 4. | "The Clapping Song" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 6:45 |
| 5. | "Soldier of Love" |  | 4:42 |
| Total length: | | | 25:47 |

Side two
| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "The Power is Down" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 5:43 |
| 2. | "Now Ask" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 6:05 |
| 3. | "Casbah" | Toulson-Clarke, Motion | 3:30 |
| 4. | "Walk on My Hands" |  | 5:10 |
| 5. | "New England" |  | 5:04 |
| Total length: | | | 25:32 |

### East West Records CD: WX381CD

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Train" | Simon Toulson-Clarke, David Motion | 4:02 |
| 2. | "Moving" | Toulson-Clarke, Alastair Gavin | 5:26 |
| 3. | "Hungry" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 4:53 |
| 4. | "The Clapping Song" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 6:45 |
| 5. | "Soldier of Love" |  | 4:42 |
| 6. | "The Power is Down" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 5:43 |
| 7. | "Now Ask" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 6:05 |
| 8. | "Casbah" | Toulson-Clarke, Motion | 3:30 |
| 9. | "Walk on My Hands" |  | 5:10 |
| 10. | "New England" |  | 5:04 |
| Total length: | | | 51:19 |

### 2011 - Cherry Pop CD: CR POP 80

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Train" | Simon Toulson-Clarke, David Motion | 4:01 |
| 2. | "Moving" | Toulson-Clarke, Alastair Gavin | 5:26 |
| 3. | "Hungry" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 4:53 |
| 4. | "The Clapping Song" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 6:45 |
| 5. | "Soldier of Love" |  | 4:42 |
| 6. | "The Power is Down" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 5:43 |
| 7. | "Now Ask" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 6:05 |
| 8. | "Casbah" | Toulson-Clarke, Motion | 3:30 |
| 9. | "Walk on My Hands" |  | 5:10 |
| 10. | "New England" |  | 5:09 |
| 11. | ""Hello", He Lied" | Toulson-Clarke, Gavin | 4:31 |
| 12. | "Train (Fantasy Island Version)" | Toulson-Clarke, Motion | 5:07 |
| Total length: | | | 61:01 |

## Personnel

Musicians Additional musicians Production * Produced by Jon Kelly, Alastair Gavin and Simon Toulson-Clarke
* "Train", "Casbah" and "Train (Fantasy Island Version)" produced by David Motion and Simon Toulson-Clarke
* "Walk on My Hands" and "Soldier of Love" additional production and mixed by David Motion
* Engineered by Hugo Nicholson, Richard Moakes
* "Train" and "Casbah" engineered by Felix Kendall
* Orchestral arrangements by Gavin Wright and Alistair Gavin
* Horns arranged by the Kick Horns
* "Now Ask" horns arranged by Kicks Horns and Alistair Gavin
* "Train (Fantasy Island Version)" remixed by Marc Fox
* Sleeve by Industria

## InfoBox

| Motive | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Red Box | |
| Released | 1990 |
| Genre | Pop |
| Length | 51:19 |
| Label | East West |
| Producer | Jon Kelly, Alastair Gavin and Simon Toulson-Clarke
David Motion and Simon Toulson-Clarke |
| Red Box chronology | |
| *The Circle & the Square*
(1986) ***Motive***
(1990) *Plenty*
(2010) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Motive* | |
| 1. "Train"
Released: 1990 | |
|  | |


title: USS Susquehanna (1850)

abstract: USS Susquehanna, a sidewheel steam frigate, was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the Susquehanna River, which rises in Lake Otsego in central New York and flows across Pennsylvania and the northeast corner of Maryland emptying into the Chesapeake Bay. Her keel was laid down by the New York Navy Yard in 1847. She was launched on 5 April 1850 and was commissioned on 24 December 1850, Captain John H. Aulick in command.

text:
# USS Susquehanna (1850)

**USS *Susquehanna***, a sidewheel steam frigate, was the first ship of the United States Navy to be named for the Susquehanna River, which rises in Lake Otsego in central New York and flows across Pennsylvania and the northeast corner of Maryland emptying into the Chesapeake Bay.

Her keel was laid down by the New York Navy Yard in 1847. She was launched on 5 April 1850 and was commissioned on 24 December 1850, Captain John H. Aulick in command.

## Service history

### East India Squadron, 1850–1855

After completing her trials, which she began in January 1851, the side-wheel frigate sailed on 8 June for the Far East to become flagship of the East India Squadron under the command of Commodore John H. Aulick. Aulick's orders included instructions to visit Japan and negotiate a treaty opening diplomatic relations with that country. However, before he could carry out his mission, he was forced to give up his command as result of quarrels during the first leg of his journey with Captain Franklin Buchanan, the captain of the flagship and due to an incident with a Brazilian diplomat on board. *Susquehanna* joined Commodore Matthew Perry's expedition as his flagship at Canton and entered Edo Bay with his squadron on 8 July 1853. After Perry had presented his demands and official letter from President Millard Fillmore to the Japanese government on 14 July, the American warships departed on 17 July. On 12 February 1854, *Susquehanna* returned with the squadron to Japan as part of Perry's show of force, resulting in the signing of the Convention of Kanagawa on 31 March 1854. The frigate departed Japanese waters on 24 March; and, after operating on the China coast, headed home via the Indian Ocean and the Cape of Good Hope. She arrived at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, on 10 March 1855 and was decommissioned on 15 March.

### Mediterranean Squadron, 1856–1861

Recommissioned on 5 May 1856, the ship joined the Mediterranean Squadron in July under the command of Joshua R. Sands. After serving as flagship, she returned and was laid up on 18 April 1858. Reactivated at the New York Navy Yard on 17 August 1860, the ship sailed for Veracruz, a week later and thence sailed to the Mediterranean. On the outbreak of the American Civil War, she departed La Spezia, Italy, on 5 May 1861 and reached Boston, Massachusetts, on 6 June.

### American Civil War, 1861–1865

The ship was assigned to the Atlantic Blockading Squadron and sailed for Hampton Roads. Late in August, *Susquehanna* participated in the joint Army-Navy expedition to Hatteras Inlet, North Carolina, which captured Fort Clark and Fort Hatteras on 29 August. During September, she captured two British schooners: *Argonaut* on 13 September and *Prince Alfred* on 28 September. In the same month, she also took two Confederate schooners as well: *San Juan* on 28 September and *Baltimore* the following day. All four ships were laden with contraband.

Late in October, *Susquehanna* joined Flag Officer Samuel Francis DuPont's expedition to South Carolina waters which captured Port Royal Sound on 7 November; took possession of Beaufort, South Carolina, on 9 November; and established a blockade at the mouth of the Broad River the same day. These operations provided the Union Navy with an important base for the future operations of the South Atlantic Blockading Squadron. *Susquehanna* served in this important squadron until the following spring, operating primarily on blockade duty off Charleston, South Carolina. There, she took British schooner *Coquette* on 3 April 1862, attempting to slip into Charleston from the Bahamas.

On 27 April, *Susquehanna* was ordered to Hampton Roads to strengthen the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron which was then making every effort to support Major General George B. McClellan's drive up the peninsula toward Richmond, Virginia. The Union forces in the area were then threatened by ironclad CSS *Virginia*, the former USS *Merrimack*. *Susquehanna* and four other Union warships acting under orders from President of the United States Abraham Lincoln bombarded Confederate batteries at Sewell's Point, Virginia, on 8 May. Three days later, *Virginia* was blown up by her crew, ending her threat to Union shipping in the Hampton Roads area and freed *Susquehanna* for duty elsewhere.

Late in May, the ship was assigned to the West Gulf Blockading Squadron, and she carried dispatches for Flag Officer David Farragut to the Gulf of Mexico. En route, she captured Confederate schooner *Princeton* on 11 June, and sent the prize to Key West, Florida. On 29 June, she and *Kanawha* seized British steamer *Ann* trying to get into Mobile Bay with a cargo of arms and ammunition. *Susquehanna* continued to operate in the Gulf of Mexico until ordered to New York for repairs in the spring of 1863. While proceeding north, the warship captured schooner *Alabama* off the Florida coast on 18 April. She was decommissioned at the New York Navy Yard on 14 May 1863.

Recommissioned on 20 July 1864, *Susquehanna* was assigned to the North Atlantic Blockading Squadron and participated in the abortive attacks on Fort Fisher, North Carolina, on Christmas Eve 1864. However, in mid-February 1865, the double-ender was in the mighty force which finally took that Confederate stronghold and closed Wilmington, North Carolina, the Confederate States of America's last major port. At that time, she was under command of Rear Admiral Sylvanus William Godon. One of her crewmen, Landsman Henry S. Webster, was awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions in the Second Battle of Fort Fisher.

### Atlantic Squadron, 1866–1868

Following the end of the American Civil War, *Susquehanna* brought American delegates to Veracruz bay in Mexico during the destruction of the Second Mexican Empire in order to open up relations with the United States backed Mexican president Benito Juárez. When the *Susquehanna* found out that the acting imperial ruler Maximilian I of Mexico had decided not to abdicate, the ship turned around to head home 1866. The USS Susquehanna also sailed for Brazil and operated on the Atlantic coast of South America until returning home and decommissioning on 30 June 1866. Recommissioned on 2 November 1866, the ship ended her active service as flagship of the North Atlantic Squadron. Decommissioned at the New York Navy Yard on 14 January 1868, *Susquehanna* was laid up until she was sold for scrapping on 27 September 1883 to E. Stannard of New York City.

## In fiction

The ship appeared in Jules Verne's book *Around the Moon*, a sequel to *From the Earth to the Moon*, in which the ship rescues the main protagonists from their spacecraft, a projectile made of aluminium and launched by cannon, which splashed down off the coast of the California Peninsula.

*This article incorporates text from the public domain* Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships*. The entry can be found here.*

## InfoBox

| *Susquehanna* | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | USS *Susquehanna* |
| Builder | New York Navy Yard |
| Laid down | 1847 |
| Launched | 5 April 1850 |
| Commissioned | 24 December 1850 |
| Decommissioned | 14 January 1868 |
| Fate | Sold for scrap |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Steam Frigate |
| Tonnage | 2,450 long tons (2,489 t) |
| Length | 257 ft (78 m) |
| Beam | 45 ft (14 m) |
| Draft | 20 ft 6 in (6.25 m) |
| Depth of hold | 26 ft (7.9 m) |
| Propulsion | Steam engine, |
| Speed | 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) |
| Armament |  |


title: Vélopop'

abstract: Vélopop' is a bike sharing scheme in Avignon, France, launched in July 2009, engineered by Smoove. This community bicycle program comprises 200 bicycles and 17 stations for short term renting. The bicycles are secured by a special fork in easy to install bicycle stands with mechanical keys distributed by automatic dispensers. The system is designed and assembled in France and accessible at all times, inside and outside city walls.

text:
# Vélopop'

**Vélopop'** is a bike sharing scheme in Avignon, France, launched in July 2009, engineered by Smoove. This community bicycle program comprises 200 bicycles and 17 stations for short term renting. The bicycles are secured by a special fork in easy to install bicycle stands with mechanical keys distributed by automatic dispensers.

The system is designed and assembled in France and accessible at all times, inside and outside city walls.


title: Wild Horse Range

abstract: The Wild Horse Range is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States, northwest of the Owyhee River's Wild Horse Reservoir. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.

text:
# Wild Horse Range

The **Wild Horse Range** is a mountain range in Elko County, Nevada, United States, northwest of the Owyhee River's Wild Horse Reservoir. It is contained within the Mountain City Ranger District of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. The range is considered to be a sub-range of the Jarbidge Mountains.

## InfoBox

| Wild Horse Range | |
| --- | --- |
| Wild Horse RangeWild Horse Range in Nevada | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 2,138 m (7,014 ft) |
| Geography | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Nevada |
| District | Elko County |
| Range coordinates | 41°44′6.656″N 115°51′56.310″W / 41.73518222°N 115.86564167°W / 41.73518222; -115.86564167 |
| Topo map | USGS Wild Horse |


title: Wide Boy (film)

abstract: Wide Boy is a 1952 British second feature ('B') crime film directed by Ken Hughes and starring Susan Shaw, Sydney Tafler and Ronald Howard. It was Hughes' feature directorial debut. He later called it "pretty terrible".

text:
# Wide Boy (film)

***Wide Boy*** is a 1952 British second feature ('B') crime film directed by Ken Hughes and starring Susan Shaw, Sydney Tafler and Ronald Howard.

It was Hughes' feature directorial debut. He later called it "pretty terrible".

## Plot

Benny is a black marketeer, dealing in stolen goods; after yet another arrest Benny meets up with his girlfriend Molly, a hairdresser, and they go somewhere different for them, a bar called The Flamingo.

There are only two other customers there at the bar, Robert Mannering and his mistress Caroline Blaine, and it is clear from their conversation that he is a famous surgeon whose wife is dying. Benny notices Caroline's smart handbag, and manages to steal Caroline's wallet. Benny then realises that he recognises Mannering as a famous surgeon. Mannering and Caroline leave shortly afterwards, followed by Benny and Molly, who is unaware of Benny's theft, but Mannering and Caroline return to the bar as they realise that the wallet was stolen by Benny, although the barman George says he did not know Benny as he had never been to the bar before.

Back in his room Benny finds £32 in the wallet, but also a letter from Mannering to Caroline, which makes it clear that he is having an affair with her and that his wife must not find out. He decides to blackmail the couple, and Mannering agrees to pay him as he does not want any scandal as he is trying to get voted onto the Council of the Royal College of Surgeons.

Mannering agrees to meet Benny and pay £200 for the letter, but finds that he has been cheated and does not get the letter back. Benny spends some of the money on a watch for Molly, which he says cost him £60. He then rings up Mannering again, this time asking for £300, but as he goes to the meeting he buys a gun. When he meets Mannering they swap the money and the letter, but Benny tells Mannering, falsely, that he took a photo of the letter and has the negative, suggesting that he intends to continue blackmailing Mannering. The latter grabs hold of Benny, but in the ensuing struggle Benny shoots Mannering dead.

The police investigation soon leads them first to Caroline, and then George, the barman at the Flamingo, who identifies Benny from police files. They go to Benny's address but he manages to escape and goes to a crook, Rocco, to try and get out of the country. Rocco however wants £400, so Benny decides to ask Molly to give him back the watch so that he can raise the money. By chance however Caroline makes an appointment at the hairdressers where Molly works, and inadvertently Molly makes Caroline realise that it was her with Benny in the Flamingo that evening; she then hears a conversation between Molly and Benny on the phone, arranging a meeting at a railway bridge that evening. She tells the police, who are waiting for Benny when he turns up; he tries to escape by scrambling over the bridge but falls to his death on the tracks below.

## Cast

## Production

The story was by Rex Rienits who used it for a radio play and a novel. Rienits wrote the story for star Sydney Tafler, who had been in *Assassin for Hire* (1951) written by Rienits.

Film rights were bought by Anglo Amalgamated. Filming started in Pinewood at the end of January 1952.

## Reception

*The Monthly Film Bulletin* wrote: "Coincidence plays a large part in this story, which has action and movement but is not, as a whole, particularly competent. Sydney Tafler gives an efficient performance as Benny."

*Kine Weekly* wrote: "The picture, a tidy affair, moves briskly along Londen's seamy side. Sydney Tafler, as Benny, looks the part and delivers the apt dialogue convincingly. Melissa Stribling shows promise as Caroline, and the support is adequate. The salutary ending is perhaps a trifle confected, but even so the melodrama, for its size, carries quite a punch. The masses should find it both amusing and exciting."

*BFI Screenoline* said Hughes "displays a keen awareness of class differences and, although opportunities for character development are strictly limited by the film's brief running time, he manages to avoid caricature and sketches a series of contrasting milieus with the authenticity brought by the careful observation of detail. Hughes also takes the trouble to make sure that, while conventional morality is upheld, we retain some shred of sympathy for his wide boy.

*The* *Independent* wrote that the film "rarely features on the official list of 'great British films of 1952' but it does boast a winning performance from Sidney \[*sic*\] Tafler in the title role amid a bomb-ravaged London of quite amazing shoddiness."

*Sight and Sound* wrote "Ken Hughes' direction captures an existence of cheap dreams, 20-shillings-per-week lodging houses and harshly neon-lit streets; Tafler's "glycerine mouthed" spiv is far more charismatic than Ronald Howard's police inspector."

*Filmink* called it "stripped back, atmospheric entertainment, without an ounce of fat on it."

In *British Sound Films: The Studio Years 1928–1959* David Quinlan rated the film as "mediocre", writing: "Story stretches the arm of coincidence to inordinate lengths."

## Radio

The radio play was meant to be broadcast on the BBC in early 1952 but this was delayed due to concerns by the BBC about its subject matter. It was adapted for Australian radio in 1953. The cast included Ray Barrett. There were later productions in 1956.

## Short Story

Rienits adapted the story as a short story. It was published in his novel *Assassin for Hire*.

## Remake

The story was adapted for Australian TV in the TV play *Bodgie* (1959), where it was relocated to an Australian setting.

## InfoBox

| Wide Boy | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Ken Hughes |
| Written by | William Fairchild (uncredited) |
| Based on | an original story by Rex Rienits |
| Produced by | William H. Williams
**executive**
Nat Cohen
Stuart Levy |
| Starring | Susan Shaw
Sydney Tafler
Ronald Howard |
| Cinematography | Josef Ambor |
| Edited by | Geoffrey Muller |
| Music by | Eric Spear |
| Production
company | Merton Park Studios |
| Distributed by | Anglo-Amalgamated (UK) |
| Release date | * April 1952 (1952-04) |
| Running time | 67 minutes |
| Country | United Kingdom |
| Language | English |
| Budget | £7,000 |


title: Wide Boy (disambiguation)

abstract: Wide boy is a British term for a man who lives by his wits, wheeling and dealing. Wide Boy may refer to:

text:
# Wide Boy (disambiguation)

**Wide boy** is a British term for a man who lives by his wits, wheeling and dealing.

**Wide Boy** may refer to:

## Film

## Music

## Other uses

* Wide Boy, the predecessor to the Super Game Boy which played Game Boy games on a Famicom or NES.
* Wide-Boy 64, an adapter accessory for the Nintendo 64 video game console that played Game Boy games


title: Wilamowice, Cieszyn County

abstract: Wilamowice is a village in Gmina Skoczów, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It lies on south-western slopes of Górka Wilamowicka in Silesian Foothills, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia.

text:
# Wilamowice, Cieszyn County

**Wilamowice** \[vilamɔˈvit͡sɛ\] is a village in Gmina Skoczów, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland. It lies on south-western slopes of *Górka Wilamowicka* (388 m above mean sea level) in Silesian Foothills, in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia.

## History

The village was first mentioned in 1331 as *Willamowitz*. Politically the village belonged then to the Duchy of Teschen, formed in 1290 in the process of feudal fragmentation of Poland and was ruled by a local branch of Piast dynasty. In 1327 the duchy became a fee of the Kingdom of Bohemia, which after 1526 became part of the Habsburg monarchy.

After Revolutions of 1848 in the Austrian Empire a modern municipal division was introduced in the re-established Austrian Silesia. The village as a municipality was subscribed to the political district of Bielsko and the legal district of Skoczów. According to the censuses conducted in 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910 the population of the municipality dropped from 189 in 1880 to 178 in 1910 with a majority being native Polish-speakers (90.9%-99%) and a small minority German-speaking (at most 15 or 8.4% in 1910) and Czech-speaking (at most 7 or 3.7% in 1890), in terms of religion majority were Protestants (74% in 1910), followed by Roman Catholics (25.8% in 1910) and 2 Jews. The village was also traditionally inhabited by Cieszyn Vlachs, speaking Cieszyn Silesian dialect.

After World War I, fall of Austria-Hungary, Polish–Czechoslovak War and the division of Cieszyn Silesia in 1920, it became a part of Poland. It was then annexed by Nazi Germany at the beginning of World War II. After the war it was restored to Poland.

## InfoBox

| Wilamowice | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Fire department in Wilamowice | |
|  | |
| Wilamowice | |
| Coordinates: 49°47′27.42″N 18°45′42.51″E / 49.7909500°N 18.7618083°E / 49.7909500; 18.7618083 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Silesian |
| County | Cieszyn |
| Gmina | Skoczów |
| First mentioned | 1331 |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Ryszard Drózd |
| Area | |
| Total | 278 km2 (107 sq mi) |
| Population (2016) | |
| Total | 543 |
| Density | 2.0/km2 (5.1/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 43-430 |
| Car plates | SCI |


title: Wilfrid Heighington

abstract: Wilfrid Laurier Heighington, was a Canadian soldier, writer, lawyer and politician.

text:
# Wilfrid Heighington

**Wilfrid Laurier Heighington**, KC (July 30, 1897 – 23 March 1945) was a Canadian soldier, writer, lawyer and politician.

## Background

Heighington attended Royal Military College in Kingston, Ontario, leaving in 1915 to join the Canadian Expeditionary Force in World War I. He was twice wounded in and twice mentioned in dispatches. After recuperating from serious wounds he returned to France to fight at the Somme and Vimy Ridge. He ended the war with the rank of captain.

He became a lawyer following the war, was called to the bar in 1920, and was appointed King's Counsel eleven years later.

## Politics

Heighington was first elected to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in the 1929 Ontario general election as the Conservative Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the St. David electoral district in Toronto, Ontario. He was re-elected in 1934 despite the province wide landslide that brought the Ontario Liberal Party to power under Mitchell Hepburn. He represented the Legislature as part of its official delegation on the pilgrimage to the Canadian National Vimy Memorial's official dedication ceremony in France.

He was a candidate in the 1936 Conservative leadership election, placing fifth. The following year he narrowly lost his seat in the legislature in the 1937 Ontario general election. Despite being out of the legislature, Heighington ran again for the party leadership in 1938, and came in third, but with fewer votes (only 41). George Drew won the leadership on the first ballot.

## Later life

Heighington was a prolific writer authoring articles and poems for *Saturday Night*, *The Star Weekly* and other periodicals, many of which were reissued in a book, *Whereas and Whatnot* (1934). In 1943, he published the war novel *The Cannon's Mouth*.

He was still active with the military when he was hospitalized on 17 March 1945. He died due to complications from pneumonia at St. Michael's hospital on the evening of 23 March.

## InfoBox

| Wilfrid Heighington | |
| --- | --- |
| Capt. Wilfrid Heighington as he appeared in the *RMC Review* December 1938 | |
|  | |
| Member of Provincial Parliament | |
| **In office**
1929–1937 | |
| Preceded by | Joseph Thompson |
| Succeeded by | Allan Lamport |
| Constituency | St. David |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Wilfrid Laurier Heighington
(1897-07-30)July 30, 1897 |
| Died | March 23, 1945(1945-03-23) (aged 47)
Toronto, Ontario |
| Political party | Conservative |
| Spouse | Alice Johnston |
| Children | 3 |
| Parents | * Joseph Heighington (father) * Clara Compston (mother) |
| Residence(s) | Toronto, Ontario |
| Occupation | Lawyer |
| Awards | Mentioned in dispatches |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Canada |
| Branch/service | Canadian Militia |
| Years of service | 1915–45 |
| Rank | Major |
| Unit | 20th Battalion (Central Ontario), CEF |
| Commands | O.C. "A" Company Osgoode Hall C.O.T.C.
D.A.A.G. Atlantic Command, C.A.S.F. |
| Battles/wars | Battle of the Somme, Battle of Vimy Ridge |
|  | |


title: Wilfrid Hodges

abstract: Wilfrid Augustine Hodges, FBA is a British mathematician and logician known for his work in model theory.

text:
# Wilfrid Hodges

**Wilfrid Augustine Hodges**, FBA (born 27 May 1941) is a British mathematician and logician known for his work in model theory.

## Life

Hodges attended New College, Oxford (1959–65), where he received degrees in both *Literae Humaniores* and (Christianic) Theology. In 1970 he was awarded a doctorate for a thesis in Logic. He lectured in both Philosophy and Mathematics at Bedford College, University of London. He has held visiting appointments in the department of philosophy at the University of California and in the department of mathematics at University of Colorado. Hodges was Professor of Mathematics at Queen Mary College, University of London from 1987 to 2006 and is the author of books on logic.

## Honors and awards

Hodges was President of the British Logic Colloquium, of the European Association for Logic, Language and Information and of the Division of Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science. In 2009 he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy.

## Writing style

Hodges' books are written in an informal style. The "Notes on Notation" in his book "Model theory" end with the following characteristic sentence:

'I' means I, 'we' means we.

When this 780-page book appeared in 1993, it became one of the standard textbooks on model theory. Due to its success an abbreviated version (but with a new chapter on stability theory) was published as a paperback.

## Bibliography

*Only first editions are listed.*

* Hodges, Wilfrid (1977). *Logic – An Introduction to Elementary Logic*. Penguin Books.
* Hodges, Wilfrid (1985). *Building Models by Games*. London Mathematical Society Student Texts. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521268974.
* Hodges, Wilfrid (1993). *Model Theory*. Encyclopedia of Mathematics. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-30442-3.
* Hodges, Wilfrid (1997). *A Shorter Model Theory*. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-58713-1.
* Chiswell, Ian; Hodges, Wilfrid (2007). *Mathematical Logic*. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-921562-1.

## InfoBox

| Wilfrid Hodges | |
| --- | --- |
| Wilfrid Hodges, 1988 at the MFO | |
| Born | (1941-05-27) 27 May 1941 |
| Alma mater | New College, Oxford |
| Parent(s) | H. A. Hodges, Vera Joan Willis |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Model theory |
| Doctoral advisor | John Crossley |
| Doctoral students | Alex Wilkie |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| President of the DLMPST/IUHPST | |
| **In office**<br>2008–2011 | |
| Preceded by | Adolf Grünbaum |
| Succeeded by | Elliott Sober |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Wilfrid Hornby

abstract: Wilfrid Bird Hornby was an Anglican colonial bishop at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th. Born on 25 February 1851 and educated at Marlborough and Brasenose College, Oxford he was ordained in 1876. In 1880 he went on the Oxford Mission to Calcutta, returning in 1884. From 1885 to 1892 he was Vicar of St Columba's, Southwick, Sunderland when he was elevated to the episcopate as Bishop of Nyasaland. After only two years he returned to England, where he was Rector of St Clement's Church, Norwich then Vicar of Chollerton. In 1904 he was appointed Bishop of Nassau, a post he held until 1919. He died on 5 June 1935.

text:
# Wilfrid Hornby

**Wilfrid Bird Hornby** was an Anglican colonial bishop at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th.

Born on 25 February 1851 and educated at Marlborough and Brasenose College, Oxford he was ordained in 1876. In 1880 he went on the Oxford Mission to Calcutta, returning in 1884. From 1885 to 1892 he was Vicar of St Columba's, Southwick, Sunderland when he was elevated to the episcopate as Bishop of Nyasaland. After only two years he returned to England, where he was Rector of St Clement's Church, Norwich then Vicar of Chollerton. In 1904 he was appointed Bishop of Nassau, a post he held until 1919. He died on 5 June 1935.

1. Project Canterbury
2. IGI record
3. Who was Who 1987–1990: London, A & C Black, 1991 ISBN 0-7136-3457-X
4. "The Clergy List, Clerical Guide and Ecclesiastical Directory" London, Hamilton & Co 1889
5. Mission history
6. Photo of church
7. The Times, Thursday, 22 December 1892; p. 7; Issue 33828; col A *Ecclesiastical Intelligence*
8. Church details
9. Malden Richard (ed) (1920). *Crockford's Clerical Directory for 1920 (51st edn)*. London: The Field Press. p. 737.
10. *Deaths* The Times, Friday, 7 June 1935; p. 1; Issue 47084; col A


title: Wilbur Heine

abstract:
Wilbur Heine is a Marshallese politician and government minister. From May 2014 to January 2016 he was Minister in Assistance to the President of Marshall Islands.
In 2013 he was the Minister for Internal Affairs. Heine has done much work towards the environment, against climate change and disasters in the Marshall Islands. In February 2016, he was appointed as minister of education in the cabinet led by his mother, President Hilda Heine.

text:
# Wilbur Heine

**Wilbur Heine** is a Marshallese politician and government minister. From May 2014 to January 2016 he was Minister in Assistance to the President of Marshall Islands. In 2013 he was the Minister for Internal Affairs. Heine has done much work towards the environment, against climate change and disasters in the Marshall Islands.

In February 2016, he was appointed as minister of education in the cabinet led by his mother, President Hilda Heine.

## InfoBox

| Wilbur Heine | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Minister in Assistance to the President | |
| **In office**<br>May 2014  January 2016 | |
| President | Christopher Loeak |
| Preceded by | Tony deBrum |
| Succeeded by | David Kabua |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Wilbur Henry Siebert

abstract: Wilbur Henry Siebert was an educator and historian from the United States.

text:
# Wilbur Henry Siebert

**Wilbur Henry Siebert** (August 30, 1866 – September 2, 1961) was an educator and historian from the United States.

## Biography

Wilbur Henry Siebert was born in Columbus, Ohio on August 30, 1866. His father had emigrated from Frankfurt, Germany in 1832. The son graduated from Ohio State University in 1888, from Harvard in 1889 and received his A.M. at Harvard in 1890. He studied in Germany from 1890 to 1891.

In 1898, he became associate professor of European history at the Ohio State University, becoming a full professor and chairman of the history department in 1902. He served in this capacity until 1923 when he became a research professor. He was secretary of the university faculty from 1902 to 1906, and acting dean of the College of Arts, Philosophy and Science from 1907 to 1908. He was dean of the graduate school in 1917 and 1918. His father and brothers, who manufactured books, helped fund the Siebert Library of German History at Ohio State.

He also served as lecturer in history at Ohio Wesleyan University from 1907 to 1908. He traveled in Europe from 1909 to 1910. He was a member of numerous learned and other societies. He was a member of the Congregationalist Church and married Annie Ware Sabine on August 16, 1893.

Wilbur Henry Siebert died at his home in Columbus on September 2, 1961.

## Works

He published *The Underground Railroad from Slavery to Freedom* (1898–99), *The Government of Ohio* (1903), numerous papers relating to the dispersion of the American Loyalists, and articles on some other subjects, including a "Report on Collections of Material in English and European History in the Libraries of the United States".

## InfoBox

| Wilbur Henry Siebert | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1866-08-30)August 30, 1866
Columbus, Ohio |
| Died | September 2, 1961(1961-09-02) (aged 95)
Columbus, Ohio |
| Education |  |
| Occupation(s) | Educator, historian |
| Spouse | Annie W. S. Siebert (m. 1893) |


title: Wilcza Jama, Białystok County

abstract: Wilcza Jama is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Czarna Białostocka, within Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north of Czarna Białostocka and 28 km (17 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.

text:
# Wilcza Jama, Białystok County

**Wilcza Jama** \[ˈvilt͡ʂa ˈjama\] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Czarna Białostocka, within Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north of Czarna Białostocka and 28 km (17 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.

## InfoBox

| Wilcza Jama | |
| --- | --- |
| Settlement | |
| Wilcza Jama | |
| Coordinates: 53°21′15″N 23°18′31″E / 53.35417°N 23.30861°E / 53.35417; 23.30861 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Podlaskie |
| County | Białystok |
| Gmina | Czarna Białostocka |


title: Widespread fatigue damage

abstract: Widespread fatigue damage (WFD) in a structure is characterised by the simultaneous presence of fatigue cracks at multiple points that are of sufficient size and density that while individually they may be acceptable, link-up of the cracks could suddenly occur and the structure could fail. For example, small fatigue cracks developing along a row of fastener holes can coalesce increasing the stress on adjacent cracked sites increasing the rate of growth of those cracks. The objective of a designer is to determine when large numbers of small cracks could degrade the joint strength to an unacceptable level. The in-flight loss of part of the fuselage from Aloha Airlines Flight 243 was attributed to multi-site fatigue damage.

text:
# Widespread fatigue damage

**Widespread fatigue damage** (**WFD**) in a structure is characterised by the simultaneous presence of fatigue cracks at multiple points that are of sufficient size and density that while individually they may be acceptable, link-up of the cracks could suddenly occur and the structure could fail. For example, small fatigue cracks developing along a row of fastener holes can coalesce increasing the stress on adjacent cracked sites increasing the rate of growth of those cracks. The objective of a designer is to determine when large numbers of small cracks could degrade the joint strength to an unacceptable level. The in-flight loss of part of the fuselage from Aloha Airlines Flight 243 was attributed to multi-site fatigue damage.

## Categories of WFD

Several factors can influence the occurrence of WFD, like Design issues and Probabilistic parameters like manufacturing, environment etc. Two categories of WFD are:

### Multi-Site Damage (MSD)

MSD is the simultaneous presence of fatigue cracks in the same structural element.

### Multi-Element Damage (MED)

MED is the simultaneous presence of fatigue cracks in similar adjacent structural elements.

## Difficulty in determining WFD occurrence

Main difficulties involved are:

* Cracks associated with MSD and MED are so small initially that they cannot be detected with existing inspection methods.
* Fatigue cracks related to WFD grow rapidly. Therefore operators are not able to detect the cracks before they cause structural failure.

## Rule to predict the occurrence of WFD

First, a parameter called Limits Of Validity (LOV) is defined. LOV is defined as “the period of time (in flight cycles, hours or both) up to which WFD will not occur in aeroplane structure.”

The steps followed are:

* Evaluation of structural configurations and determination of LOV based on fatigue test evidence.
* Provide warnings to preclude the development of WFD up to LOV.
* Adopt LOV values as a criterion to determine the life of aeroplane.
* Stop the operation of aeroplanes when LOV is reached.


title: Willi Williams

abstract: Willi Williams is a Jamaican reggae and dub musician and producer. He is known as the "Armagideon Man" after his hit, "Armagideon Time", first recorded in 1977 at Studio One in Kingston. The song was covered by The Clash as the flipside of their "London Calling" single.

text:
# Willi Williams

**Willi Williams** (also **Willie Williams**) (born 15 June 1953) is a Jamaican reggae and dub musician and producer. He is known as the "Armagideon Man" after his hit, "Armagideon Time", first recorded in 1977 at Studio One in Kingston. The song was covered by The Clash as the flipside of their "London Calling" single.

## Biography

Williams was born in Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica. He attended Trenchtown Comprehensive High School, where he was a classmate of Sly Dunbar. He first recorded at Studio One in the late 1960s, while he was still in school. In 1967 he set up the "Tripletone" sound system and in 1969 started his own record label called "Soul Sounds"; among the artists he recorded were Delroy Wilson, The Versatiles, and Rhythm Force (a pseudonym for The Wailers). He moved to Canada in 1974 and split his time between Toronto, Ontario and Kingston.

He worked with keyboardist Jackie Mittoo and producer Coxsone Dodd on "Armagideon Time", a single (and later the title track of a Studio One album) recorded over the "Real Rock" riddim. The song was covered by The Clash in 1979, and later featured in the film *Ghost Dog: The Way of the Samurai* and on the *Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas* soundtrack (is featured on the reggae radio station K-JAH Radio West but not on the soundtrack album). "Armagideon Time" is included on the four CD anthology *Tougher Than Tough: The Story of Jamaican Music*, which Mango Records released in 1993. The song was also sampled by The Fugees in 1996 on their track "Zealots".

In 2007, the rock band Gov't Mule adapted and recorded Williams' composition "Natty with a Cause" as "Rebel with a Cause", which features Williams' voice along with that of Gov't Mule singer Warren Haynes. The reggae-punk band Sublime used some lyrics from the song "Armagideon Time", as well as the bass line, for the song "Sweet Little Rosie". As of 2007, Willi was working on an album with an up-and-coming Toronto artist named Visionary.

On 14 August 2014, Shanachie Records announced their plans to release a Willi Williams/Yabby You project titled *Unification: From Channel One to King Tubbys with Willi Williams and Yabby You*, which includes tracks recorded in the late 1970s and never released. According to label chief Randall Grass, the album was recorded between 1978 and 1980 at both Channel One Studios and King Tubby's studio, utilizing musicians including Sly and Robbie and the Revolutionaries, Soul Syndicate, The Gladiators, Jackie Mittoo, Bobby Ellis, Cedric Brooks and Bobby Kalphat.

In a September 2014 interview with Midnight Raver, Williams revealed that the Uptempo and Smugg record labels have been copying his music without permission and releasing it on compilation albums. Specifically, he stated that the *One Love* compilation released by Smugg Records in 2012 is an unauthorized record as well as the *Roots and Culture* (1984, Uptempo) \[with Barry Brown\] album released in the early 1980s by the Uptempo label.

In 2019, after a three-year hiatus due to a knee injury, Williams began a musical collaboration with the electronic musician New Chance. The project is intended to bring two communities together as an act of kinship and political solidarity.

## Album discography

* *Messenger Man* (1980, Drum Street) \[rereleased 2005 with extra tracks\]
* *Armagideon Time* (1982, Coxsone) \[reissued 1992\]
* *Roots and Culture* (1984, Uptempo) \[with Barry Brown\]
* *Unity* (1986, Black Star)
* *Natty with a Cause* (1992, Jah Shaka)
* *See Me* (1994, Jah Shaka)
* *Jah Will* (1995, Drum Street)
* *Thanks & Devotion* (1999, Drum Street)
* *Full Time Love* (2002, Drum Street)
* *Di Real Rock* (2007)
* *Mighty High* (2007)
* *Reggae Can't Done* (2013)
* *Glory to the King* (2020)

## Compilations

* *From Studio One to Drum Street* (M10)
* *From Studio One to Drum Street, Vol 2* (Drum Street)

## InfoBox

| Willi Williams | |
| --- | --- |
| Willi Williams performing at the 2007 Winnipeg Ska and Reggae Festival | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1953-06-15) 15 June 1953<br>Saint Ann Parish, Jamaica |
| Genres | Reggae, dub |
| Occupation(s) | Singer-songwriter, producer |
| Years active | 1960s–present |
| Labels | Studio One, Soul Sounds, Heartbeat, Black Star, Jah Shaka, Drum Street |
|  | |
| Website | williwilliams.com |


title: Willard Webster Eggleston

abstract:
Willard Webster Eggleston was an American botanist, employed by the United States Department of Agriculture Bureau of Plant Industry.
He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1891 with a Bachelor of Science degree. In his work on the taxonomy of Crataegus, now known to be complicated by apomixis, polyploidy, and hybridization, he aimed to simplify, counteracting the proliferation of species names that other botanists had produced.

text:
# Willard Webster Eggleston

**Willard Webster Eggleston** (March 28, 1863 in Pittsfield, Vermont – November 25, 1935 in Washington, D.C.) was an American botanist, employed by the United States Department of Agriculture Bureau of Plant Industry. He graduated from Dartmouth College in 1891 with a Bachelor of Science degree. In his work on the taxonomy of *Crataegus*, now known to be complicated by apomixis, polyploidy, and hybridization, he aimed to simplify, counteracting the proliferation of species names that other botanists had produced.

The standard author abbreviation Eggl. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

## Works

* Brainerd, E.; Jones, L.R.; Eggleston, W.W. (1900), "*Crataegus*. Hawthorn", *Flora of Vermont: A list of ferns and seed plants growing without cultivation*, Burlington: Vermont Botanical Club
* Eggleston, W.W. (1904), "The *Crataegi* of Fort Frederick, Crown Point, New York", *Torreya*, **4**: 38–39
* Eggleston, W.W. (1906), "*Crataegus* of Duchess County, New York", *Torreya*, **6**: 63–67
* Eggleston, W.W. (1907), "New North American *Crataegi*", *Torreya*, **7**: 35–36
* Eggleston, W.W. (1907), "The Linnaean and other early-known species of *Crataegus*", *Torreya*, **7**: 153–154
* Eggleston, W.W. (1907), "*Crataegus* in New Mexico", *Torreya*, **7**: 235–236
* Eggleston, W.W. (1908), "The *Crataegi* of the Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada", *Rhodora*, **10** (113): 73–84
* Eggleston, W.W. (1908), "*Crataegus* L. Hawthorn. White Thorn", in B.L. Robinson; M.L. Fernald (eds.), *Gray's New Manual of Botany: A handbook of the flowering plants and ferns of the Central and Northeastern United States and Adjacent Canada*, New York: American Book Company, pp. 460–479
* Eggleston, W.W. (1909), "The *Crataegi* of Mexico and Central America", *Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club*, **36** (9): 501–514, doi:10.2307/2479290, JSTOR 2479290
* Eggleston, W.W. (1909), "New North American *Crataegi*", *Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club*, **36** (11): 639–642, doi:10.2307/2478925, JSTOR 2478925
* Eggleston, W.W. (1910), "Sketches of the *Crataegus* problem, with special reference to work in the South.", *Journal of the New York Botanical Garden*, **11**: 78–83
* Eggleston, W.W. (1911), "New *Crataegi* of the northeastern manual range", *Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club*, **38** (5): 243–244, doi:10.2307/2479389, JSTOR 2479389
* Eggleston, W.W. (1913), "*Crataegus* L. Sp. Pl. 475. 1753", in N. Britton; A. Brown (eds.), *An illustrated flora of the Northern United States, Canada and the British possessions from Newfoundland to the parallel of the Southern boundary of Virginia, and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102d meridian*, vol. II: Portulacaceae to Menyanthaceae, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, pp. 294–321
* Eggleston, W.W. (1915), "*Crataegus*. Hawthorn. Thorn-apple", in W.W. Eggleston; G.L. Kirk; J.G. Underwood (eds.), *Flora of Vermont: List of ferns and seed plants growing without cultivation*, Burlington: Vermont Botanical Club
* Eggleston, W.W. (1921), "*Crataegus*. Thorn apples. Red haws", in C.C. Deam (ed.), *Trees of Indiana*
* Eggleston, W.W. (1923), "*Crataegus* L.", in H.D. House (ed.), *Report of the State Botanist for 1921*, vol. 243, New York State Museum Bulletin, pp. 63–65
* Eggleston, W.W. (1924), "*Crataegus* L. Sp. Pl. 475. 1753", in H.D. House (ed.), *Annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of New York State*, vol. 254, New York State Museum Bulletin, pp. 414–430
* Eggleston, W.W.; Rydberg, P.A.; Howe, M.A. (1932), "*Crataegus* L. Haw or Hawthorn", in P.A. Rydberg (ed.), *Flora of the prairies and plains of central North America*, New York: New York Botanical Garden
* Rydberg, P.A.; Eggleston, W.W. (1922), "*Crataegus* L. Haw or Hawthorn", in P.A. Rydberg (ed.), *Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighbouring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia*, New York: Published by the author

## InfoBox

| Willard Webster Eggleston | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1863-03-28)March 28, 1863
Pittsfield, Vermont, U.S. |
| Died | November 25, 1935(1935-11-25) (aged 72)
Washington, D.C., U.S |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | Dartmouth College |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Institutions | United States Department of Agriculture Bureau of Plant Industry |
|  | |


title: Willem Louw

abstract: Lieutenant-General Willem Petrus Louw was a South African military commander. He joined the South African Army in the Special Service Battalion in 1938, and served in Italy in World War II.

text:
# Willem Louw

Lieutenant-General **Willem Petrus Louw** SSA SM (Bloemhof, 24 November 1920  4 July 1980) was a South African military commander. He joined the South African Army in the Special Service Battalion in 1938, and served in Italy in World War II.

## Military career

After enlisting as a private, he served as an NCO in the Technical Service Corps (SAOC) and was seconded to the South African Infantry. In 1943 he attended a Candidate Officers' course and was appointed a 2nd Lieutenant in the South African Army Armoured Corps. He was transferred to the 6th Armoured Division and deployed to the Middle East and Italy.

After the war, he served in various posts and in 1959 became Officer Commanding North West Cape Command In 1960 he attended a Parachute Instructors' course in England. He was promoted to Commandant (Lieutenant Colonel) in January 1961 and in April 1961 became the founder and first commanding officer of 1 Parachute Battalion. He was promoted to Colonel in 1964 and appointed OC of the Military College in Voortrekkerhoogte. In 1966 he served as OC Northern Transvaal Command as a Brigadier and *Chief of the Army* from 1967 to 1973, and as Inspector-General of the South African Defence Force from 1973 to 1975.

After a re-organisation of the SADF, the position of Inspector General was abolished and he retired on 31 March 1975.

## Awards and decorations

## InfoBox

| Lieutenant General
Willem Petrus Louw
SSA SM | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1920-11-24)24 November 1920
Bloemhof, South Africa |
| Died | 4 July 1980(1980-07-04) (aged 59) |
| Buried | Voortrekkerhoogte, Pretoria, Gauteng, New Military cemetery 25°46′53″S 28°07′18″E / 25.78148°S 28.12166°E / -25.78148; 28.12166 |
| Allegiance | Republic of South Africa |
| Service/branch | South African Army |
| Years of service | 1938–1975 |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Commands | * Inspector General of the SADF * Chief of the Army * Northern Transvaal Command * SA Military College * 1 Parachute Battalion |
| Wars | World War II |
| Awards |  |


title: Willem Ludick

abstract: Willem Cornelius Ludick is a South African-born cricketer who has played domestic cricket in New Zealand. In 2020, Ludick had moved to Texas, with an aim of possibly representing the United States. He is the grandson of South African Olympic boxer Willie Ludick.

text:
# Willem Ludick

**Willem Cornelius Ludick** (born 20 March 1997) is a South African-born cricketer who has played domestic cricket in New Zealand. In 2020, Ludick had moved to Texas, with an aim of possibly representing the United States. He is the grandson of South African Olympic boxer Willie Ludick.

## Career

He made his first-class debut for the Central Stags, also known as Central Districts in the 2017–18 Plunket Shield season on 17 March 2018. Prior to his first-class debut, he was part of South Africa's squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup.

In June 2018, he was awarded a contract with Central Districts for the 2018–19 season. He made his List A debut for Central Districts in the 2018–19 Ford Trophy on 24 October 2018.

On 7 November 2018, in the fifth round fixture of the 2018–19 Ford Trophy between Central Districts and Northern Districts cricket team, he conceded 43 runs from one over, the most in List A cricket. Central Districts' batsmen Joe Carter and Brett Hampton scored the runs, which included two no-balls, six sixes, a four and a single.

He made his Twenty20 debut for Central Districts in the 2018–19 Super Smash on 31 December 2018. In June 2020, it was announced he was leaving the Central Stags to pursue his cricket career in the United States. In June 2021, Ludick was selected in the players' draft ahead of the Minor League Cricket tournament.

## InfoBox

Willem Cornelius Ludick
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1997-03-20) 20 March 1997<br>Pretoria, South Africa |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 2017/18–2019/20 | Central Districts |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 17 March 2018 | |


title: William B. Buffum

abstract: William Burnside Buffum was an official in the United States Department of State.

text:
# William B. Buffum

**William Burnside Buffum** (September 10, 1921 – April 13, 2012) was an official in the United States Department of State.

## Biography

Buffum was born in Binghamton, New York on September 10, 1921. He served in the United States Army during World War II. He later joined the United States Foreign Service. Buffum served on the staffs of Ambassadors Arthur Goldberg and Charles W. Yost at the United States Mission to the United Nations. In 1970, President of the United States Richard Nixon nominated Buffum as United States Ambassador to Lebanon and Buffum held this post until 1974. Nixon then nominated Buffum as Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs; Buffum held this office from February 4, 1974, until December 18, 1975. In the later 1970s, Buffum was Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations for Political and General Assembly Affairs.

Buffum died on April 13, 2012, at his house on the island of Hawaii.

## InfoBox

| William B. Buffum | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| 10th Assistant Secretary of State for International Organization Affairs | |
| **In office**
February 4, 1974  December 18, 1975 | |
| Preceded by | David H. Popper |
| Succeeded by | Samuel W. Lewis |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 10, 1921
Binghamton, New York |
| Died | April 13, 2012
Hawaii |
|  | |


title: Wilhelm Hendrik Franquinet

abstract: Wilhelm Hendrik Franquinet, born at Maastricht in 1785, was instructed by Herreyns at Antwerp. He afterwards visited Germany, and was a drawing-master at his native town from 1804 to 1816. In 1816 he settled in Paris, and in 1821 painted the Bacchanal, and in 1822-34 published a Galerie des Peintres, for which J. Chabert wrote the text. He died in New York in 1854.

text:
# Wilhelm Hendrik Franquinet

**Wilhelm Hendrik Franquinet** (also known as Willem Hendrik or Guillaume Henri), born at Maastricht in 1785, was instructed by Herreyns at Antwerp. He afterwards visited Germany, and was a drawing-master at his native town from 1804 to 1816. In 1816 he settled in Paris, and in 1821 painted the *Bacchanal,* and in 1822-34 published a *Galerie des Peintres,* for which J. Chabert wrote the text. He died in New York in 1854.

* This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Bryan, Michael (1886). "FRANQUINET, Willem Hendrik". In Graves, Robert Edmund (ed.). *Bryan's Dictionary of Painters and Engravers (A–K)*. Vol. I (3rd ed.). London: George Bell & Sons.

Media related to Wilhelm Hendrik Franquinet at Wikimedia Commons


title: Willem Konjore

abstract: Reverend Willem Konjore was a Namibian politician. He was a member and a deputy speaker of the National Assembly of Namibia, and served in cabinet from 2005 to 2010.

text:
# Willem Konjore

Reverend **Willem Konjore** (30 July 1945—11 June 2021) was a Namibian politician. He was a member and a deputy speaker of the National Assembly of Namibia, and served in cabinet from 2005 to 2010.

## Early life and education

Konjore was born on 30 July 1945 in Kais, a small settlement in what today is the ǁKaras Region. He trained as a teacher from 1966 to 1967 at St Joseph's Teacher Training Centre in Döbra and studied theology in the Diocese of Keetmanshoop and Mariental from 1976 to 1979. From 1968 to 1990 he worked at several schools, first as teacher in Tses in southern Namibia and later as principal and manager in Khorixas.

## Political career

A member of SWAPO, Konjore was a member of the National Assembly of Namibia beginning with the Constituent Assembly in 1989 and ending following the election of the 5th National Assembly in 2010. He served as deputy speaker of this body from 2000 to 2005.

He was appointed Minister of Environment and Tourism in 2005, and was moved to the Youth, National Service, Sport and Culture portfolio in 2008.

Konjore was married to Elsie Atanasia Konjore from Vaalgras. They had five children. His wife died in 2013. On Heroes' Day 2014 he was conferred the Most Brilliant Order of the Sun, Second Class. Willem Konjore died on 10 June 2021 in Windhoek.

## InfoBox

| The Honourable
ReverendWillem Konjore | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Minister of Youth, National Service, Sport and Culture | |
| **In office**
March 2008  March 2010 | |
| President | Hifikepunye Pohamba |
| Preceded by | John Mutorwa |
| Succeeded by | Kazenambo Kazenambo |
| Minister of Environment and Tourism | |
| **In office**
March 2005  March 2008 | |
| President | Hifikepunye Pohamba |
| Preceded by | Philemon Malima |
| Succeeded by | Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 30 July 1945 (1945-07-30)
Kais, South West Africa |
| Died | 11 June 2021 (2021-06-12) (aged 75)
Windhoek, Namibia |
| Nationality | Namibian |
| Political party | SWAPO |
| Spouse | Elsie Anastasia Konjore |
| Children | 9 |
| Residence(s) | Vaalgras, ǁKaras Region |
| Occupation | Politician |
| Profession | Clergy, teacher |
|  | |


title: Willem Koekkoek

abstract: Willem Koekkoek was a Dutch cityscape painter and marine artist.

text:
# Willem Koekkoek

**Willem Koekkoek** (3 January 1839 – 29 January 1895) was a Dutch cityscape painter and marine artist.

## Life and work

He was born in Amsterdam. He was a member of the famous Koekkoek painting family; son of the marine artist, Hermanus Koekkoek, and grandson of Johannes Hermanus Koekkoek. His brothers, Hermanus, Johannes Hermanus Barend, and Hendrik Barend all became painters.

Following in the family tradition, his father gave all four brothers their first art lessons. Willem also received training as an architect, but practiced that profession for only a short time. It did, however, leave a lasting influence on his choice of subject matter.

From 1854 to 1878, he worked in The Hague, then in Amsterdam. His first exhibition was in 1859, in Leeuwarden. From 1865 to 1894, he held annual showings at the Royal Academy of Art and the Rijksakademie in Amsterdam. He had several showings at private galleries in London from 1885 to 1888. His brother, Hermanus, had moved to London and opened an art dealership in 1869, which made his works, and those of the entire family, popular in England.

In November, 1866, he married Johanna Hermina. They had two sons who became artists, Marinus Adrianus, known as "The Younger", who became an illustrator, and Hermanus Willem, who specialized in military subjects. Once again, following tradition, Willem provided their first lessons.

Sometime in the 1880s, he relocated to Amstelveen. By then, his brother, Hendrik Barend, had moved to London, and his son, Hermanus, eventually did as well. Although Willem painted almost entirely for his English clientele, he remained in the Netherlands. He stopped exhibiting, and painted little, after 1894, due to ill health, and died the following year, shortly after turning fifty-six.

## Further reading

* Pieter A. Scheen: *Lexicon Nederlandse beeldende kunstenaars, 1750–1950.* Gravenhage 1981, pg.278
* Chris Stolwijk: *Uit de schilderswereld : Nederlandse kunstschilders in de tweede helft van de negentiende eeuw.* Primavera Pers, Leiden 1998,
* Toni Wappenschmidt: "Straszen im alten Holland", In: *Die Weltkunst*, #20, 1991, pp. 3000–3007


title: William A. Schnader

abstract: William A. Schnader was Attorney General of Pennsylvania and co-founder of the law firm Schnader, Harrison, Segal & Lewis. Schnader graduated from Franklin & Marshall College in 1908. After earning a law degree from the University of Pennsylvania Law School, Schnader went on to become Special Deputy Attorney General of Pennsylvania in 1923 and Attorney General in 1930. He served as the Attorney General of Pennsylvania under two successive governors, during which time he directed major new codifications of the laws of corporations and banking. In 1934, Schnader was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for governor. He lost to Democrat George Howard Earle. In 1935, following his unsuccessful bid for Governor of Pennsylvania, Schnader and Bernard G. Segal, the former Deputy Attorney General, joined with Francis A. Lewis, who had been a partner in another law firm and the treasurer of Schnader's gubernatorial campaign, to form the law firm of Schnader & Lewis in Philadelphia. Shortly thereafter, they added Bernard Segal as a named partner. In the early years, the members of the firm gained prominent clients and soon national recognition handling a major case heard by the Supreme Court of the United States. In 1948, Earl G. Harrison, after resigning as Dean of the University of Pennsylvania Law School, joined the firm as the fourth named partner. Schnader was active in creating the Uniform Commercial Code – in fact, he dedicated nearly twenty years of his life to the organization, drafting, development and promotion of a nationwide system of business law, which earned him the title, "Father of the Uniform Commercial Code." Notably, much of this work was accomplished while in a wheelchair following a crippling stroke. For this "conspicuous service to American jurisprudence," he was awarded the Gold Medal of the American Bar Association in 1960. His public service included many other contributions, including five years' work as Chairman of the American Bar Association Bill of Rights Committee, and service as President of the Pennsylvania Bar Association in 1962–63.

text:
# William A. Schnader

**William A. Schnader** (October 5, 1886  March 18, 1968) was Attorney General of Pennsylvania and co-founder of the law firm Schnader, Harrison, Segal & Lewis.

Schnader graduated from Franklin & Marshall College in 1908. After earning a law degree from the University of Pennsylvania Law School, Schnader went on to become Special Deputy Attorney General of Pennsylvania in 1923 and Attorney General in 1930. He served as the Attorney General of Pennsylvania under two successive governors, during which time he directed major new codifications of the laws of corporations and banking. In 1934, Schnader was an unsuccessful Republican candidate for governor. He lost to Democrat George Howard Earle.

In 1935, following his unsuccessful bid for Governor of Pennsylvania, Schnader and Bernard G. Segal, the former Deputy Attorney General, joined with Francis A. Lewis, who had been a partner in another law firm and the treasurer of Schnader's gubernatorial campaign, to form the law firm of Schnader & Lewis in Philadelphia. Shortly thereafter, they added Bernard Segal as a named partner. In the early years, the members of the firm gained prominent clients and soon national recognition handling a major case heard by the Supreme Court of the United States. In 1948, Earl G. Harrison, after resigning as Dean of the University of Pennsylvania Law School, joined the firm as the fourth named partner.

Schnader was active in creating the Uniform Commercial Code – in fact, he dedicated nearly twenty years of his life to the organization, drafting, development and promotion of a nationwide system of business law, which earned him the title, "Father of the Uniform Commercial Code." Notably, much of this work was accomplished while in a wheelchair following a crippling stroke. For this "conspicuous service to American jurisprudence," he was awarded the Gold Medal of the American Bar Association in 1960. His public service included many other contributions, including five years' work as Chairman of the American Bar Association Bill of Rights Committee (the forerunner of the present Section of Individual Rights and Responsibilities), and service as President of the Pennsylvania Bar Association in 1962–63.

1. Rothrock, W. A. Jr., ed. (1931). *The Pennsylvania Manual*. Vol. 87. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. p. 160.
2. "William Schnader, Lawyer, 81, is Dead". *The New York Times*. March 19, 1968. p. 44.
3. "Schnader Harrison: A Survivor at 75," *The Legal Intelligencer,* August 8, 2005
4. Schnader, William A. (1967), "A Short History of the Preparation and Enactment of the Uniform Commercial Code", *U. Miami L. Rev.*, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 1–12, retrieved March 18, 2018

## InfoBox

| William A. Schnader | |
| --- | --- |
| c.1931 | |
|  | |
| Attorney General of Pennsylvania | |
| **In office**
November 1, 1930  January 15, 1935 | |
| Governor | John Stuchell Fisher
Gifford Pinchot |
| Preceded by | Cyrus Woods |
| Succeeded by | Charles Margiotti |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | October 5, 1886
Bowmansville, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania |
| Died | March 18, 1968 (aged 81)
Chestnut Hill, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Buried at West Laurel Hill Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Hanover Section, Lot 43 |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Ethel Keller Heintsh (m. 1915) |
|  | |


title: William G. Bonelli

abstract: William George Bonelli was a California Republican politician and former member of the California State Board of Equalization who fled to Mexico to avoid arrest on a corruption indictment.

text:
# William G. Bonelli

**William George Bonelli** (November 9, 1895 – November 21, 1970) was a California Republican politician and former member of the California State Board of Equalization who fled to Mexico to avoid arrest on a corruption indictment.

## Biography

Son of a pioneer American family of Swiss-English descent, Bonelli was born in Kingman, Arizona and moved to Los Angeles in 1912. He entered the University of Southern California and received his bachelor of arts degree in 1916. He then served in the Aviation Section of the U.S. Army in 1918–19 and remained in the Reserve as a pilot until 1934.

Bonelli obtained his master of arts degree from Occidental College in 1923 and his law degree from Southwestern Law School in 1924; he was admitted to the California Bar in 1925.

He became a promoter of the Southern California aircraft industry and the Santa Clarita Valley. He purchased Hoot Gibson's rodeo venue in 1937 in Saugus, California and ran rodeos until a quarter-mile dirt track was built in 1939; it was later renamed Bonelli Ranch Stadium. It hosted a myriad of events showcasing midget cars and hot rods (roadsters). Later, the track was expanded to one-third mile. In 1954, the surface was paved and the name changed to Saugus Speedway. The paved track brought on the transition to stock cars, which was the primary format through 1995, when the track was closed.

Bonelli had two sons, Robert, of Phoenix, Arizona, and William Jr. of Saugus, California. He died November 21, 1970, in Mexico.

## Career

### Academia

He was associate professor of political science at Occidental College for seven years, until 1929.

### Los Angeles

Bonelli was elected to represent Los Angeles City Council District 14 in the May 1927 primary, winning the majority of votes over seven other candidates. He did not run for reelection in 1929, instead choosing to challenge John C. Porter in the mayor's race, which Porter won.

The youngest member at age 36 and a newcomer on the incoming 1927 City Council, Bonelli was chosen for the position of president of the council after it was determined that none of the other nominees — Charles J. Colden. Howard W. Davis and Frank L. Shaw — could attain a majority of votes. He was named on the 56th ballot of a council caucus.

Bonelli, who was seen as an opponent of the George E. Cryer administration, declared in his inaugural address after being elected president that the council should "use its efforts to prevent the police department from being swayed from its duty by 'outside control.'" Nevertheless, when Bonelli himself was running for mayor in 1929, he was criticized for sending an appeal for votes and an attack on Chief James E. Davis and the Police Commission in letters bearing his office title to two thousand members of the department.

As a council member, he was a supporter of a $6 million bond issue that would develop a city-owned airport on any one of the three sites — Mines, Vail and Sesnon — then under consideration.

### Corruption

In 1931 he was elected to the California State Assembly from the 54th District, and from 1934 to 1938 was director of the State Department of Professional and Vocational Standards. He was then appointed to the State Board of Equalization, the state agency that approved liquor licenses. Bonelli was indicted by a Los Angeles grand jury in November 1939, along with six others, on charges of soliciting bribes in a $10 million "annual liquor license pay-off scandal."

A series of articles in the *Los Angeles Mirror* in 1953 accused Bonelli of a long involvement in kickbacks on liquor licenses, bribery and criminal associations.

Bonelli hired journalist Leo Katcher to ghost-write *Billion Dollar Blackjack: The Story of Corruption and the Los Angeles Times* (1954), in which Bonelli, as the ostensible author, defended himself and attacked the Chandlers. He also sued the *Mirror* for $1.15. million for libel; it had run front-page stories calling him the Liquor Czar. Facing an impending grand jury indictment, Bonelli found exile in Mexico where he spent the rest of his life. He tried numerous times to have the court case moved from Los Angeles County to San Diego County because he said he could never get a fair trial in Los Angeles County because it was under the control of the *Times*.

He had a running battle with the Los Angeles Police Department and Harrison Gray Otis's and Harry and Norman Chandler's *Times* — which he likened to "a black-jack, a bludgeon, a weapon to be used in behalf of their friends and against their enemies." In his book he accused the *Times* of all manner of malfeasance, from king-making and union busting to subverting laws, violating civil rights and "aligning class against class, race against race, in an attempt to make bigger profits for themselves."

He died a fugitive in Mexico on November 24, 1970.

*Access to the* Los Angeles Times *links requires the use of a library card.*

---

## InfoBox

| William G. Bonelli | |
| --- | --- |
| Bonelli in 1935 | |
|  | |
| Member of the California State Assembly
from the 54th district | |
| **In office**
January 5, 1931 – January 2, 1933 | |
| Preceded by | Augustus F. Jewett Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Frank J. Rogers |
| President of the Los Angeles City Council | |
| **In office**
July 1, 1927 – June 30, 1929 | |
| Preceded by | Boyle Workman |
| Succeeded by | Winfred J. Sanborn |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | William George Bonelli
November 9, 1895
Kingman, Arizona, U.S. |
| Died | November 21, 1970(1970-11-21) (aged 75)
Mexico |
| Alma mater | University of Southern California
Occidental College
Southwestern Law School |
| Occupation | Politician |
|  | |


title: William H. Nichols

abstract: William Henry Nichols was an American chemist and businessman. He was instrumental in building the chemical supply business in the U.S. The specialty materials business of Honeywell traces its roots back to a small sulfuric acid company he started in 1870. Nichols was one of the original founders of the American Chemical Society, serving as president in 1918 and 1919. The New York branch of the society gives a prestigious award every year that is named after him, the William H. Nichols Medal Award. He attended New York University.

text:
# William H. Nichols

**William Henry Nichols** (January 9, 1852  February 21, 1930) was an American chemist and businessman. He was instrumental in building the chemical supply business in the U.S. The specialty materials business of Honeywell traces its roots back to a small sulfuric acid company he started in 1870. Nichols was one of the original founders of the American Chemical Society, serving as president in 1918 and 1919. The New York branch of the society gives a prestigious award every year that is named after him, the William H. Nichols Medal Award. He attended New York University.

## Family

William Henry Nichols was born in Brooklyn on January 9, 1852. He was the son of George Henry and Sarah Elizabeth (Harris) Nichols. William H. Nichols attended the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute from 1865 to 1868. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees from the New York University in 1870 and 1873 respectively. Nichols also received honorary degrees from Columbia University (Sc.D., 1904), Lafayette College (LL.D., 1904), the University of Pittsburgh (Sc.D., 1920), the New York University (LL.D., 1920), and Tufts University (Sc.D., 1921). He married Hannah W. Bensel of Brooklyn on February 14, 1873. The couple had three children: William Henry Jr., born in 1874, Charles Walter, born in 1875, and Madeleine, born in 1884.

## Chemical business

Nichols, along with his son C. Walter Nichols, helped organize the merger of 12 companies in 1899 to create General Chemical. Under his leadership, the company grew its asset base and increased its earnings threefold, making Nichols a force in America’s fledgling chemical industry. During World War I, he served as chairman of the Chemicals Committee of the Council of National Defense.

His vision of a bigger, better chemical company took off when he teamed up with investor Eugene Meyer in 1920. Nichols and Meyer combined five smaller chemical companies to create the Allied Chemical & Dye Corporation, which later became Allied Chemical Corp., and eventually became part of AlliedSignal, the forerunner of Honeywell’s specialty materials business. Both men have buildings named after them at Honeywell’s headquarters in Morristown, New Jersey. His original plant along the Newtown Creek in Queens is infamous for its legacy of pollution. Nichols is rumored to have once emptied vats of excess sulfuric acid into the creek rather than sell it cheaply to a businessman he had no respect for.

He became a commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy in 1912 and a knight of the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus in 1920.

## Later life

Nichols lived in Manhattan. He died on February 21, 1930, in Honolulu. Nichols was interred at the Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn on March 9, 1930.

## Nichols' legacy

The success of Nichols' companies can be traced to several notable principles that guided his career. First was his deep belief in research and development. Second was his support for science education and the students of chemistry. Third was his concern for the welfare of his employees. Most important was his often quoted belief that "the Golden Rule is as applicable in business as it is in church."

It is this legacy of Nichols that is honored with an award named after him. The William H. Nichols Medal Award is given each year by the New York Section of the American Chemical Society. Nichols himself first established an award in 1902, making it the first gold medal for original chemical research. In June of that year, he gave 10 shares of preferred stock in General Chemical to the American Chemical Society to endow the first award. In accepting the stock, the board of directors requested permission of Nichols to name the award "The Nichols Medal of the New York Section." Since the first award on January 9, 1903, the American Chemical Society's New York Section has named 97 Nichols Medalists. Sixteen have subsequently been awarded the Nobel Prize for chemistry.

Initially, the medal award consisted of just the 18 carat gold Nichols Medal, whose design depicts the allegorical figure of Dr. Faust in his laboratory as described by Goethe. A bronze replica of the medal, to be used for display purposes, was later added to the award. There is also a cash award.