title: Jamba, Huíla

abstract: Jamba is a town and a municipality, with a population of 105,090, in the province of Huíla, Angola.

text:
# Jamba, Huíla

**Jamba** is a town and a municipality, with a population of 105,090 (2014 census), in the province of Huíla, Angola.

## Administrative subdivisions

The municipality of Jamba comprises three communes as follows

## Transport

### Rail

Jamba is served by the terminus of a short branch railway of the southern line of the national railway system.

### Air

There is an airport in Jamba, (IATA: **JMB**).

## InfoBox

| Jamba | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| JambaLocation in Angola | |
| Coordinates: 14°42′S 16°04′E / 14.700°S 16.067°E / -14.700; 16.067 | |
| Country | Angola |
| Province | Huíla |
| Area | |
| Municipality | 11,200 km2 (4,300 sq mi) |
| Population (2014 Census) | |
| Municipality | 105,090 |
| Density | 11/km2 (30/sq mi) |
| Urban | 12,000 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Climate | Cwa |


title: Porvoo RC

abstract: Old Town Shamrocks Porvoo Rugby Club, is a Finnish rugby club in Porvoo.

text:
# Porvoo RC

**Old Town Shamrocks Porvoo Rugby Club**, is a Finnish rugby club in Porvoo.

## History

The club was founded in 2011. In the 2012 and 2013 seasons, it played in Division 1. Despite losing the 2013 Division 1 final, the club was promoted due to the Finnish championship expanding to 10 teams. During this period, the team was coached by Bro Bannatyne.

In the 2014 season, the club finished in 9th place with 2 victories and 7 defeats. The following year, it improved to 5th place with 4 victories and 4 defeats. John King became the head coach in 2016, and the club was eliminated in the semi-finals by Helsinki RC. In 2017, after finishing the regular season in 3rd place, the club was defeated by Jyväskylä RC in the semi-final with a score of 58–19.

Casey Dent took over as head coach in 2018, leading the Shamrocks to a 4th-place finish. In 2019, they finished 3rd but lost the semi-final to the Warriors. The club maintained a 3rd-place finish in 2020 but again lost in the semi-final to Helsinki Rugby Club. In 2021, they finished 3rd and lost to the Warriors in the semi-final. The club placed 5th in both 2022 and 2023. In 2023 the head coach was Daniel Kerr.

In 2024, Marko Sallert became the head coach with Linus Backman as the assistant coach.

## InfoBox

Old Town Shamrocks Porvoo RC
| Full name | Old Town Shamrocks Porvoo Rugby Club |
| --- | --- |
| Nickname(s) | Shamrocks |
| Founded | 2011 |
| Location | Porvoo, Finland |
| Ground(s) | Hamari |
| Chairman | Stefan Rogers |
| Coach(es) | Marko Sallert &  Linus Backman |
| League(s) | Finnish Championship League |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Marjorie Thorpe

abstract: Marjorie Ruth Thorpe is a Trinidadian academic, lecturer, former diplomat and the first woman to have chaired the Public Service Commission (PSC) in Trinidad and Tobago. She is also a development practitioner with a particular interest in gender issues.

text:
# Marjorie Thorpe

**Marjorie Ruth Thorpe** is a Trinidadian academic, lecturer, former diplomat and the first woman to have chaired the Public Service Commission (PSC) in Trinidad and Tobago. She is also a development practitioner with a particular interest in gender issues.

## Biography

### Early years and education

Marjorie Thorpe was born and grew up in Tunapuna, Trinidad, and attended Bishop Anstey High School in Port of Spain. She went on to study at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, where she attained a BA in English in 1963 and an MA in English Literature in 1965. Subsequently joining the English Department at the University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, she was awarded a Canadian International Development Agency Fellowship to Queen's University in Canada, where she completed a PhD in Literature in 1975.

### Career

Marjorie Thorpe was on the faculty of the University of the West Indies (UWI) for more than 20 years. She served two terms at head of the English Department at UWI's St Augustine campus between 1979 and 1985, and was Vice-Dean and then as Dean of the Faculty of Arts and General Studies between 1985 and 1988. She pioneered the introduction of the first Women and Development Studies Course at UWI and later served as Coordinator of the Women and Development Studies Programme.

From 1988 to 1992, she was Trinidad and Tobago's Ambassador and Permanent Representative to the United Nations, and from 1992 to 1995 was deputy director of the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM). She was also Resident Coordinator of the UN System Operational Activities for Barbados and the Eastern Caribbean, and Resident Representative of UNDP for the same area. She has also served on the boards of national and international organizations, including the Police Service Commission of Trinidad and Tobago, as well as Republic Bank, where she was the first woman appointed in 17 years.

In 2013, she became the first woman to chair Trinidad and Tobago's Public Service Commission.

A participant at many conferences, Thorpe has delivered papers and keynote addresses on subject areas including gender, development and Caribbean literature, and among other writings contributed an Introduction to the Heinemann Educational Books edition of Earl Lovelace's novel *The Wine of Astonishment*. She has in addition played significant roles in creative writing initiatives in the region, including as coordinator for the Commonwealth Writers Prize, vice-chair of the judges panel of the OCM Bocas Prize for Caribbean Literature and on the organizing committee of the NGC Bocas Lit Fest.

## Awards

Marjorie Thorpe is the recipient of fellowships and honours that include the degree of Doctor of Letters, *honoris causa*, from the University of the West Indies in 2015, "for her dedication and service to UWI, the country and the region".

## InfoBox

| Marjorie Thorpe | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Marjorie Ruth Thorpe
Tunapuna, Trinidad |
| Nationality | British |
| Education | Bishop Anstey High School
McGill University
Queen's University |
| Occupation(s) | Academic, development practitioner, diplomat |


title: Wink Memories 1988–1996

abstract: Wink Memories 1988–1996 is the sixth compilation album by Japanese idol duo Wink, released by Polystar on March 25, 1996. The two-disc album compiles all of the duo's singles from 1988 to 1995. A limited edition release included a bonus karaoke CD. This was the duo's final release before they officially disbanded six days later on March 31. The album peaked at No. 35 on Oricon's albums chart and sold over 22,000 copies.

text:
# Wink Memories 1988–1996

***Wink Memories 1988–1996*** is the sixth compilation album by Japanese idol duo Wink, released by Polystar on March 25, 1996. The two-disc album compiles all of the duo's singles from 1988 to 1995. A limited edition release included a bonus karaoke CD. This was the duo's final release before they officially disbanded six days later on March 31.

The album peaked at No. 35 on Oricon's albums chart and sold over 22,000 copies.

## Track listing

All lyrics are written by Neko Oikawa, except where indicated

Disc 1
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Arrangement | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Sugar Baby Love" | Joe Lemon |  | Shirō Sagisu | 3:51 |
| 2. | "Amaryllis" (*Amaririsu* (アマリリス)) | Yukinojo Mori | Ken Satō | Shigeru Suzuki | 3:54 |
| 3. | "Ai ga Tomaranai (Turn It into Love)" ((愛が止まらない 〜TURN IT INTO LOVE〜, "Love Doesn't Stop ~Turn It into Love~")) |  |  | Motoki Funayama | 3:32 |
| 4. | "Namida wo Misenai de (Boys Don't Cry)" ((涙をみせないで～Boys Don't Cry～, "Don't Show Your Tears")) |  | Matjaž Kosi | Funayama | 3:45 |
| 5. | "Samishii Nettaigyo" ((淋しい熱帯魚, "Lonely Tropical Fish")) |  | Masaya Ozeki | Funayama | 4:28 |
| 6. | "One Night in Heaven (Mayonaka no Angel)" ((One Night In Heaven 〜真夜中のエンジェル〜, "One Night in Heaven ~Midnight Angel~")) | Takashi Matsumoto |  | Funayama | 4:07 |
| 7. | "Sexy Music" |  | * Ben Findon * Mike Myers * Bob Puzey | Satoshi Kadokura | 3:41 |
| 8. | "Yoru ni Hagurete (Where Were You Last Night)" ((夜にはぐれて 〜Where Were You Last Night〜)) |  | Norell Oson Bard | S. Kadokura | 4:25 |
| 9. | "New Moon ni Aimashou" (*Nyū Mūn ni Aimashō* (ニュー・ムーンに逢いましょう, "Meet the New Moon")) |  | Yuki Kadokura | S. Kadokura | 4:22 |
| 10. | "Kitto Atsui Kuchibiru (Remain)" (*Kitto Atsui Kuchibiru ~Rimein~* (きっと熱いくちびる 〜リメイン〜, "I'm Sure It's Hot (Remain)")) |  | Anri Sekine | S. Kadokura | 4:40 |
| 11. | "Manatsu no Tremolo" (*Manatsu no Toremoro* (真夏のトレモロ, "Midsummer Tremolo")) |  | Takashi Kudō | S. Kadokura | 4:04 |
| 12. | "Haitoku no Scenario" (*Haitoku no Shinario* (背徳のシナリオ, "An Immoral Scenario")) |  | Kudō | S. Kadokura | 4:26 |
| 13. | "Tsuioku no Heroine" (*Tsuioku no Hiroin* (追憶のヒロイン, "Reminiscent Heroine")) |  | Y. Kadokura | S. Kadokura | 4:20 |

Disc 2
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Music | Arrangement | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Matenrō Museum" (*Matenrō Myūjiamu* (摩天楼ミュージアム, "Skyscraper Museum")) |  | Kudō | S. Kadokura | 4:16 |
| 2. | "Furimukanaide" ((ふりむかないで, "Don't Look Back")) | Tokiko Iwatani | Hiroshi Miyagawa | S. Kadokura | 4:07 |
| 3. | "Real na Yume no Jōken" (*Riaru na Yume no Jōken* (リアルな夢の条件, "Real Dream Conditions")) |  | Osny S. Melo | S. Kadokura | 4:38 |
| 4. | "Eien no Ladydoll (Voyage, Voyage)" (*Eien no redīdōru ~Voyage, Voyage~* (永遠のレディードール 〜Voyage Voyage〜, "Eternal Ladydoll ~Voyage, Voyage")) |  | * Jean-Michel Rivat * Dominique Dubois | Funayama | 4:58 |
| 5. | "Kekkon Shiyoune" ((結婚しようね, "Let's Get Married")) | Chinfa Kan | S. Kadokura | S. Kadokura | 4:14 |
| 6. | "Sakihokore Itoshisa yo" ((咲き誇れ愛しさよ, "It's in Full Bloom and Love")) | Maki Ohguro | Tetsurō Oda | Takeshi Hayama | 3:31 |
| 7. | "Itsumademo Suki de Itakute" ((いつまでも好きでいたくて, "I Want to Love You Forever")) | Yasushi Akimoto | Kazuhiko Katō | S. Kadokura | 4:42 |
| 8. | "Twinkle Twinkle" (*Tuinkuru Tuinkuru* (トゥインクル トゥインクル)) | Akimoto | James Shimoji | Y. Kadokura | 4:38 |
| 9. | "Cherie Mon Cherie" (*Sherī Mon Sheri* (シェリー モン シェリ)) | Rui Serizawa | S. Kadokura |  | 4:42 |
| 10. | "Watashitachi Rashii Rule" (*Watashitachi Rashī Rūru* (私たちらしいルール, "Our Own Rules")) | Akimoto | Masamichi Sugi | S. Kadokura | 4:13 |
| 11. | "Jive Into the Night (Yaban na Yoru ni) \[Hyper Euro Mix\]" ((JIVE INTO THE NIGHT 〜野蛮な夜に〜 \[HYPER EURO MIX\], "Jive Into the Night ~Savage Night~")) |  | * Sergio Portaluri * David Sion * Fulvio Zafret | MST | 4:06 |
| 12. | "Angel Love Story (Akiiro no Tenshi)" ((Angel Love Story 〜秋色の天使〜, "Angel Love Story ~Autumn Colored Angel~")) | * Hiroshi Yamada * Katsuo Hana | Masahiro Ikumi | Ikumi | 4:54 |

Limited Edition bonus CD
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Sugar Baby Love" (Original Karaoke) | 3:52 |
| 2. | "Amaryllis" (Original Karaoke) | 3:56 |
| 3. | "Ai ga Tomaranai (Turn It into Love)" (Original Karaoke) | 3:30 |
| 4. | "Namida wo Misenai de (Boys Don't Cry)" (Original Karaoke) | 3:45 |
| 5. | "Samishii Nettaigyo" (Original Karaoke) | 4:30 |
| 6. | "One Night in Heaven (Mayonaka no Angel)" (Original Karaoke) | 4:08 |
| 7. | "Sexy Music" (Original Karaoke) | 3:43 |
| 8. | "Yoru ni Hagurete (Where Were You Last Night)" (Original Karaoke) | 4:25 |
| 9. | "New Moon ni Aimashō" (Original Karaoke) | 4:24 |
| 10. | "Kitto Atsui Kuchibiru (Remain)" (Original Karaoke) | 4:41 |
| 11. | "Manatsu no Tremolo" (Original Karaoke) | 4:05 |
| 12. | "Haitoku no Scenario" (Original Karaoke) | 4:27 |
| 13. | "Kekkon Shiyoune" (Original Karaoke) | 4:12 |
| 14. | "Sakihokore Itoshisa yo" (Original Karaoke) | 3:30 |
| 15. | "Itsumademo Suki de Itakute" (Original Karaoke) | 4:42 |
| 16. | "Twinkle Twinkle" (Original Karaoke) | 4:19 |
| 17. | "Watashitachi Rashii Rule" (Original Karaoke) | 4:14 |
| 18. | "Jive Into the Night (Yaban na Yoru ni) \[House Mix\]" (Original Karaoke) | 4:07 |
| 19. | "Angel Love Story (Aki-iro no Tenshi)" (Original Karaoke) | 4:55 |

## Charts

| Chart (1996) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Japanese Albums (Oricon) | 35 |

## InfoBox

| Wink Memories 1988–1996 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Wink | |
| Released | March 25, 1996 (1996-03-25) |
| Recorded | 1988–1995 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 1:46:11 |
| Language | Japanese |
| Label | Polystar |
| Producer | Haruo Mizuhashi |
| Wink chronology | |
| *Reminiscence*
(1995) ***Wink Memories 1988–1996***
(1996) *Jam the Wink*
(1996) | |


title: Mark Labberton

abstract: Mark Labberton was the Clifford L. Penner Presidential Chair at Fuller Theological Seminary from 2013 to 2023. Before he became Fuller's president, he served for 16 years as senior pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Berkeley, California.

text:
# Mark Labberton

**Mark Labberton** was the Clifford L. Penner Presidential Chair at Fuller Theological Seminary from 2013 to 2023. Before he became Fuller's president, he served for 16 years as senior pastor of the First Presbyterian Church of Berkeley, California.

## Early life and education

Having grown up in Yakima, Washington, Labberton states that he was raised in a home that disdained religion. Labberton embraced Christianity during his undergraduate years at Whitman College. After earning his bachelor's degree he went to Fuller for his Masters of Divinity. He earned a Ph.D. in theology from the University of Cambridge. He was ordained in the Presbyterian Church (USA) and served in pastoral ministry for three decades.

## Works

### Books

* Labberton, Mark (2007). *The Dangerous Act of Worship: Living God's Call to Justice*. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press. ISBN 9780830833160.
* (2012). *Seeing Others Through the Eyes of Jesus*. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press. ISBN 9780830838400.
* (2014). *Called: The Crisis and Promise of Following Jesus Today*. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press. ISBN 9780830836833.

### As editor

* , ed. (2018). *Still Evangelical?*. Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity Press. ISBN 978-0830880423.

## InfoBox

| Mark Labberton | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Clifford L. Penner Presidential Chair of Fuller Theological Seminary | |
| **In office**
July 1, 2013  January 21, 2023 | |
| Preceded by | Richard Mouw |
| Succeeded by | David Emmanuel Goatley |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Washington |
| Education | Whitman College (BA)
Fuller Theological Seminary (MDiv)
Cambridge University (PhD) |
| Profession | University administrator |
|  | |


title: Middleton Scriven

abstract: Middleton Scriven is a village and civil parish 20 miles (32 km) south east of Shrewsbury, in the Shropshire district, in the county of Shropshire, England. In 2011, the parish had a population of 143. In 2011, Nomis recorded a population of 146. The parish borders Stottesdon, Sidbury, Deuxhill and Chetton.

text:
# Middleton Scriven

**Middleton Scriven** is a village and civil parish 20 miles (32 km) south east of Shrewsbury, in the Shropshire district, in the county of Shropshire, England. In 2011, the parish had a population of 143. In 2011, Nomis recorded a population of 146. The parish borders Stottesdon, Sidbury, Deuxhill and Chetton.

## Features

There are 3 listed buildings in Middleton Scriven. Middleton Scriven has a church called St John the Baptist's Church.

## History

The name "Middleton" means 'Middle farm/settlement'. Middleton was recorded in the Domesday Book as *Scriven Middeltone*. Middleton Scriven was formerly just **Middleton**.

Thomas Rowley (1796-1877), later headmaster of Bridgnorth Grammar School and a member of the Canterbury Association to establish the colony in New Zealand now the Canterbury Region, was born in Middleton Scriven.

## InfoBox

| Middleton Scriven | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Middleton ScrivenLocation within Shropshire | |
| Area | 7.82 km2 (3.02 sq mi) |
| Population | 143 (2011 census) |
| Density | 18/km2 (47/sq mi) |
| OS grid reference | SO687873 |
| Civil parish | * Middleton Scriven |
| Unitary authority |  |
| Shire county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Bridgnorth |
| Postcode district | WV16 |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Nowa Tuchorza

abstract: Nowa Tuchorza is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Siedlec, within Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Siedlec, 12 km (7 mi) north of Wolsztyn, and 61 km (38 mi) west of the regional capital Poznań.

text:
# Nowa Tuchorza

**Nowa Tuchorza** \[ˈnɔva tuˈxɔʐa\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Siedlec, within Wolsztyn County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Siedlec, 12 km (7 mi) north of Wolsztyn, and 61 km (38 mi) west of the regional capital Poznań.

## InfoBox

| Nowa Tuchorza | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Nowa Tuchorza | |
| Coordinates: 52°13′N 16°5′E / 52.217°N 16.083°E / 52.217; 16.083 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Wolsztyn |
| Gmina | Siedlec |


title: Ostar kamak

abstract: Ostar kamak is a village in the municipality of Harmanli, in Haskovo Province, in southern Bulgaria.

text:
# Ostar kamak

**Ostar kamak** is a village in the municipality of Harmanli, in Haskovo Province, in southern Bulgaria.

## InfoBox

| Ostar kamak | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Ostar kamak | |
| Coordinates: 41°53′18″N 25°51′03″E / 41.88833°N 25.85083°E / 41.88833; 25.85083 | |
| Country | Bulgaria |
| Province | Haskovo Province |
| Municipality | Harmanli |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: Green-tailed towhee

abstract: The green-tailed towhee is the smallest towhee, but is still one of the larger members of the American sparrow family Passerellidae. Its breeding range covers most of the interior Western United States, with a winter range in Mexico and the southern edge of the Southwestern United States. This bird can be recognized by the bright green stripes on the edge of its wings. It has a distinct white throat and a rufous cap. It measures 7.25 in (18.4 cm) long and weighs 29 g (1.0 oz). It is fairly tame, but often stays hidden under a bush. It is fairly common in habitats with sagebrush and other such bushes. It is uncommonly seen because of its tendency to stay under cover.

text:
# Green-tailed towhee

The **green-tailed towhee** (***Pipilo chlorurus***) is the smallest towhee, but is still one of the larger members of the American sparrow family Passerellidae.

Its breeding range covers most of the interior Western United States, with a winter range in Mexico and the southern edge of the Southwestern United States.

This bird can be recognized by the bright green stripes on the edge of its wings. It has a distinct white throat and a rufous cap. It measures 7.25 in (18.4 cm) long and weighs 29 g (1.0 oz).

It is fairly tame, but often stays hidden under a bush. It is fairly common in habitats with sagebrush and other such bushes. It is uncommonly seen because of its tendency to stay under cover.

## Further reading

### Book

* Dobbs, R.C.; Martin, P.R.; Martin, T.E. (1998). "Green-tailed Towhee (Pipilo chlorurus)". In Poole, A.; Gill, F. (eds.). *The Birds of North America*. Philadelphia, PA: The Birds of North America, Inc.

### Thesis

* Beedy EC. Ph.D. (1982). *Bird Community Structure in Coniferous Forests of Yosemite National Park, California*. University of California, Davis, United States, California.
* Kerley L. Ph.D. (1994). *Bird responses to habitat fragmentation caused by sagebrush management in a Wyoming sagebrush steppe ecosystem*. University of Wyoming, United States, Wyoming.

### Articles

* Berry ME & Bock CE. (1998). *Effects of habitat and landscape characteristics on avian breeding distributions in Colorado foothills shrub*. Southwestern Naturalist. vol **43**, no 4. pp. 453–461.
* Bulluck L, Fleishman E, Betrus C & Blair R. (2006). *Spatial and temporal variations in species occurrence rate affect the accuracy of occurrence models*. Global Ecology and Biogeography. vol **15**, no 1. pp. 27–38.
* Dobbs RC & Martin PR. (2000). *Winter nocturnal roost sites and behavior of some desert passerines in western Texas*. Western Birds. vol **31**, no 2. pp. 120–122.
* Erickson RA & Wurster TE. (1998). *Confirmation of nesting in Mexico for four bird species from the Sierra San Pedro Martir, Baja California*. Wilson Bulletin. vol **110**, no 1. pp. 118–120.
* Ewert DN. (1980). *Recognition of Conspecific Song by the Rufous-Sided Towhee Pipilo-Erythrophthalmus*. Animal Behaviour. vol **28**, no 2. pp. 379–386.
* Garber D. (1969). *Green-Tailed Towhee in Racine*. Passenger Pigeon. vol **31**, no 4.
* Jehle G, Savidge JA & Kotliar NB. (2006). *Green-tailed Towhee response to prescribed fire in montane shrubland*. Condor. vol **108**, no 3. pp. 634–646.
* Knopf FL, Sedgwick JA & Inkley DB. (1990). *Regional Correspondence among Shrubsteppe Bird Habitats*. Condor. vol **92**, no 1. pp. 45–53.
* Martin TE. (1996). *Fitness costs of resource overlap among coexisting bird species*. Nature. vol **380**, no 6572. pp. 338–340.
* Martin TE. (1998). *Are microhabitat preferences of coexisting species under selection and adaptive?*. Ecology. vol **79**, no 2. pp. 656–670.
* Martin TE, Scott J & Menge C. (2000). *Nest predation increases with parental activity: Separating nest site and parental activity effects*. Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Sciences Series B. vol **267**, no 1459. pp. 2287–2293.
* Meritt JK. (1976). *Green-Tailed Towhee in Gloucester County New-Jersey USA*. Cassinia. vol **56**, no 28.
* Mindell DP & Sites JWJ. (1987). *Tissue Expression Patterns of Avian Isozymes a Preliminary Study of Phylogenetic Applications*. Systematic Zoology. vol **36**, no 2. pp. 137–152.
* Morton ML. (1991). *POSTFLEDGING DISPERSAL OF GREEN-TAILED TOWHEES TO A SUB-ALPINE MEADOW*. Condor. vol **93**, no 2. pp. 466–468.
* Noson AC, Schmitz RA & Miller RF. (2006). *Influence of fire and Juniper encroachment on birds in high-elevation sagebrush steppe*. Western North American Naturalist. vol **66**, no 3. pp. 343–353.
* Odell EA & Knight RL. (2001). *Songbird and medium-sized mammal communities associated with exurban development in Pitkin County, Colorado*. Conservation Biology. vol **15**, no 4. pp. 1143–1150.
* Palacios MG & Martin TE. (2006). *Incubation period and immune function: a comparative field study among coexisting birds*. Oecologia. vol **146**, no 4. pp. 505–512.
* Pavlacky DC & Anderson SH. (2004). *Comparative habitat use in a juniper woodland bird community*. Western North American Naturalist. vol **64**, no 3. pp. 376–384.
* Ponshair JF. (1980). *8 Species of Birds New for Ottawa County Michigan USA*. Jack Pine Warbler. vol **58**, no 3.
* Sedgwick JA. (1987). *Avian Habitat Relationships in Pinyon-Juniper Woodland*. Wilson Bulletin. vol **99**, no 3. pp. 413–431.
* Spicer GS. (1978). *A New Species and Several New Host Records of Avian Nasal Mites Acarina Rhinonyssinae Turbinoptinae*. Journal of Parasitology. vol **64**, no 5. pp. 891–894.
* Zink RM & Blackwell RC. (1996). *Patterns of allozyme, mitochondrial DNA, and morphometric variation in four sparrow genera*. Auk. vol **113**, no 1. pp. 59–67.
* Zwartjes PW & Farley GH. (1998). *Observations of breeding site fidelity of green-tailed towhees (Pipilo chlorurus) in central New Mexico*. Texas Journal of Science. vol **50**, no 3. pp. 258–261.

## InfoBox

| Green-tailed towhee | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Passerellidae |
| Genus: | *Pipilo* |
| Species: | ***P. chlorurus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pipilo chlorurus***
(Audubon, 1839) | |
|
|  | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Fringilla chlorura* Audubon 1839 * *Chlorura chlorura*: Sclater 1862 * *Oreospiza chlorura*: Ridgway 1896 (preoccupied) * *Oberholseria chlorura*: Richmond 1915 | |


title: Portal hypertensive gastropathy

abstract: Portal hypertensive gastropathy refers to changes in the mucosa of the stomach in patients with portal hypertension; by far the most common cause of this is cirrhosis of the liver. These changes in the mucosa include friability of the mucosa and the presence of ectatic blood vessels at the surface. Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may experience bleeding from the stomach, which may uncommonly manifest itself in vomiting blood or melena; however, portal hypertension may cause several other more common sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, such as esophageal varices and gastric varices. On endoscopic evaluation of the stomach, this condition shows a characteristic mosaic or "snake-skin" appearance to the mucosa of the stomach.

text:
# Portal hypertensive gastropathy

**Portal hypertensive gastropathy** refers to changes in the mucosa of the stomach in patients with portal hypertension; by far the most common cause of this is cirrhosis of the liver. These changes in the mucosa include friability of the mucosa and the presence of ectatic blood vessels at the surface. Patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy may experience bleeding from the stomach, which may uncommonly manifest itself in vomiting blood or melena; however, portal hypertension may cause several other more common sources of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, such as esophageal varices and gastric varices. On endoscopic evaluation of the stomach, this condition shows a characteristic mosaic or "snake-skin" appearance to the mucosa of the stomach.

## Signs and symptoms

Most patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy have either a stable or improving course in the appearance of the gastropathy on endoscopy. However, according to retrospective data, roughly one in seven patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy will develop bleeding (either acute or chronic) attributable to the gastropathy. Patients with chronic bleeding will usually present with anemia.

The diagnosis of portal hypertensive gastropathy is usually made on endoscopy. The usual appearance of portal hypertensive gastropathy on endoscopy is a mosaic-like or reticular pattern in the mucosa. Red spots may or may not be present. The pattern is usually seen throughout the stomach. A similar pattern can be seen with a related condition called gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE), or watermelon stomach. However, in GAVE, the ectatic blood vessels are more commonly found in the antrum or lower part of the stomach.

## Pathogenesis

Several studies have found that patients with portal hypertension develop increased blood flow to the stomach. The physiological findings that correlate with worsening portal hypertensive gastropathy include an increased portal venous pressure gradient and decreased hepatic blood flow. Biopsies of the stomach in patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy show ectatic (or dilated) blood vessels, evidence of bleeding by means of red blood cells in the lamina propria, and edema in the stomach wall.

## Treatment

### Medications

Several treatment options have been developed for portal hypertensive gastropathy. The first is the use of beta-blockers, which reduce portal pressures. Non-selective beta blockers (such as propranolol and nadolol) have been used to decrease the pressure of the portal vein in patients with esophageal varices, and have been shown to regress portal hypertensive gastropathy that has been worsened by medical treatment of varices. Propranolol has also been evaluated in patients with chronic cirrhosis and portal hypertensive gastropathy. Other medications that primarily treat bleeding, including anti-fibrinolytic medications such as tranexamic acid have also been used in case reports of patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy. These medications work by stabilizing deposits of fibrin at sites that ordinarily would bleed.

Finally, octreotide, an analogue of somatostatin that leads to vasoconstriction of the portal circulation, can be used for active bleeding due to portal hypertensive gastropathy. Sucralfate, a coating medication has also been used, but evidence is from animal models.

### Procedural

Portal hypertensive gastropathy can also be treated with endoscopic treatment delivered through a fibre-optic camera into the stomach. Argon plasma coagulation and electrocautery have both been used to stop bleeding from ectatic vessels, and to attempt to obliterate the vessels, but have limited utility if the disease is diffuse.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt procedures, or TIPS involve decompressing the portal vein by shunting a portal venule to a lower pressure systemic venule, under guidance with fluoroscopy. Since it treats the root cause of portal hypertension gastropathy, it has been putatively used for the condition. The literature reports suggest both regression of portal hypertensive gastropathy on endoscopic images and improvement in bleeding after TIPS.

Finally, cryotherapy involves the use of pressurized carbon dioxide administered through the endoscope to freeze and destroy tissue in a focal area. It is being studied for the treatment of portal hypertensive gastropathy.

## Similar conditions

Congestion of the mucosa in other parts of the gastrointestinal tract can also be seen in portal hypertension. When the condition involves the colon, it is termed *portal hypertensive colopathy*.

## InfoBox

| Portal hypertensive gastropathy | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Image of portal hypertensive gastropathy seen on endoscopy of the stomach. The normally smooth mucosa of the stomach has developed a mosaic like appearance, that resembles snake-skin. | |
| Specialty | Gastroenterology |


title: Mark Deller

abstract: Mark Deller is an English conductor and countertenor, now retired. He is the son of the first modern countertenor, Alfred Deller.

text:
# Mark Deller

**Mark Deller** (born 1938) is an English conductor and countertenor, now retired. He is the son of the first modern countertenor, Alfred Deller.

## Life and career

Mark Deller and his parents moved to Canterbury, Kent, just before his first birthday. Alfred was a lay clerk at Canterbury Cathedral in the 1940s, and his young son also joined the cathedral choir, although Alfred transferred to the choir of St Paul's Cathedral in London about the time that Mark became a chorister at Canterbury. Mark went on to win a scholarship at St John's College, Cambridge, which is famous for its choir

After completing his education, Deller pursued a musical career. Initially based in Salisbury, he performed concerts in Europe, the USA and South America. In 1962 he became a member of the Deller Consort.

In England, Deller has been particularly active in Kent. Deller became a member of the Ashford Choral Society after receiving an appointment to the choir of St Paul's Cathedral. In 1970 Deller became conductor of the Ashford Choral Society. He has served as director of the Canterbury Festival and the Stour Music Festival. Abroad he has conducted the Netherlands Bach Society, the Associação de Canto Coral in Rio de Janeiro, Les Chœurs de la Pléiade in Paris, and the opening for Europa Cantat in Belgium.

## Discography

While his singing career has tended to be with ensembles rather than as a soloist, Deller's discography includes solo performances of note:

## InfoBox

| Mark Deller | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1938 (age 8586)<br>St Leonards-on-Sea, Sussex, England |


title: Motivate Canada

abstract: Motivate Canada is a Canadian non-profit organization that empowers youth through sports and recreation. The organization is based in Ottawa, with offices in Toronto and Winnipeg. Motivate Canada's approach is based on youth-driven development. This theory assumes that not only is there a bias against youth initiative throughout the world, but removing this bias can have powerful effects on community development. Motivate Canada works with both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadian youth to develop their desire and capacity to follow their dreams. Some of the tools used include role-models, leadership and confidence-building, and medium to long-term community support.

text:
# Motivate Canada

**Motivate Canada** is a Canadian non-profit organization that empowers youth through sports and recreation. The organization is based in Ottawa, with offices in Toronto and Winnipeg. Motivate Canada's approach is based on youth-driven development. This theory assumes that not only is there a bias against youth initiative throughout the world, but removing this bias can have powerful effects on community development. Motivate Canada works with both Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadian youth to develop their desire and capacity to follow their dreams. Some of the tools used include role-models, leadership and confidence-building, and medium to long-term community support.

## Esteem Team

The earliest Motivate Canada program was the Esteem Team , created in 1994 by Olympic wrestler Chris Wilson. Wilson wanted to inspire young Canadians to follow their dreams and gave motivational presentations in elementary and high-schools throughout British Columbia. In 2001, he was joined by Field Hockey Olympian Ian Bird (field hockey) and World Soke Cup Karate Champion Lisa Ling. Today, the ESTEEM Team counts dozens of Athletes Role Models engaging youth throughout Canada including: Alisha Tatham Brampton, Ontario - Team Canada Basketball, Amber Konikow \- Sudbury, Ontario - National Boxing Champion, Kent Brown Winnipeg Manitoba, National Team Boxer, Corey Robinson - Halifax Nova Scotia, National Team Wrestler, Mark Hatfield - Ottawa, Ontario CIS, CFL & NFL Football, Darin Kyle - Ottawa, Ontario World Dance Champion, Benoit St-Amand \- Montreal Quebec, Paralympic Gold Medalist, Sledge Hockey, Brian Nugent, Isabelle Turcotte Baird, Claire Carver-Dias, Olympic Bronze Medalist, Graeme Murray, Rob Cox, Chelsea Lariviere, Josh Vander Vies, Jennifer Joyce - Kamloops British Columbiam, National Team, Athletics (Hammer Throw), Kieran Block \- Edmonton, Alberta, Team Canada Sledge Hockey, Keely Brown - Edmonton, Alberta, Team Canada Ringette, Cheryl Bernard\- Calgary, Alerbta, Olympic Silver Medalist Curling, Kia Byers - Saskatoon, Saskatchewan National Team Canoe/Kayak, Mike Jones - Squamish, British Columbia, National Team Mountain Bike Adam Kreek - Victoria, British Columbia Olympic Gold Medalist - Rowing, Cheryl Pounder - Mississauga, Ontario, Olympic Gold Medalist - Ice Hockey, Dave Durepos - Fredericton, New Brunswick - Paralympic Gold Medalist, Wheel Chair Basketball

## GEN7

The GEN7  program follows a similar role-model philosophy. It was created in 2002 in order to enable Aboriginal youth having achieved academic or athletic success to encourage other Aboriginal youth. The Aboriginal role-models, also called Messengers, make a total of 6 visits to an Aboriginal community. During these visits, they lead sports and self-esteem building workshops and share their stories. There are 16 active GEN7 Messengers working in communities across Canada. Current GEN7 Messengers are of First Nations, Inuit and Métis heritage and include Josh Sacobie, former University of Ottawa Gee Gees quarterback, World Championship female boxer Mary Spencer, Canadian National Championship boxer Kent Brown, Estonion National Hockey Team hopeful Michael Auksi.

## ACTIVATE

The ACTIVATE  program was created in order to empower youth to drive their own physical activity projects in their communities through Youth Driven Development (YDD). The ACTIVATE Program consists of leadership training opportunities including the ACTIVATE National Youth Leadership Conference and ACTIVATE Regional Forums. After participating, ACTIVATORS plan and implement their projects, which usually focus on community sports, with the support of Motivate Canada staff members.

## Active Circle

The Active Circle  is the newest Motivate Canada program. It was launched in 2008 in partnership with the Aboriginal Sports Circle  and supports Aboriginal youth and communities to become vibrant, active and healthy through sport and recreation. The program supports community-driven physical activity initiatives and launched a website to serve as a hub for Aboriginal sports and recreation in Canada.

## InfoBox

Motivate Canada
|
|  |
| Abbreviation | MC |
| Formation | 1994 |
| Type | youth organization based in Canada |
| Legal status | active |
| Purpose | advocate and public voice, educator and network |
| Headquarters | Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
| Region served | Canada |
| Official language | English, French |
| Website | www.motivatecanada.ca |


title: Mark McLaughlin

abstract: Mark McLaughlin is a Scottish former professional footballer. Since turning senior in 1999, McLaughlin has played over 100 games for both Clyde and Hamilton Academical. He has also played for Greenock Morton and Dumbarton.

text:
# Mark McLaughlin

**Mark McLaughlin** (born 2 December 1975) is a Scottish former professional footballer.

Since turning senior in 1999, McLaughlin has played over 100 games for both Clyde and Hamilton Academical. He has also played for Greenock Morton and Dumbarton.

## Career

McLaughlin, a defender, began his career at junior club Arthurlie before moving to Clyde in 1999.

### Clyde

McLaughlin made his debut with Clyde in a 3–1 win away from home against Stenhousemuir. On 7 October 2000 he scored his first senior football goal away to Alloa Athletic at the Recreation Park Alloa's home ground and only two weeks later he scored in a 2–2 draw against Ross County at Broadwood in the Scottish Football League First Division.

In July 2002, McLaughlin had a trial with Luton Town, which was later cancelled because he was struggling with an injury.

### Hamilton

After five years at Clyde, he joined Hamilton Academical in 2004. He was part of the 2007–08 campaign for promotion to the SPL.

### Greenock Morton

After McLaughlin's contract expired at Hamilton, he rejected a new deal and decided to join the team that he has supported since childhood, Greenock Morton.

McLaughlin was named as Morton's captain in August 2012. He was released from his Morton contract on Christmas Eve 2013. Since leaving Greenock Morton, McLaughlin says his departure left him "disappointed" because "Kenny Shiels said to me that I maybe wasn't going to play much. That's fair enough. He then told me that Airdrieonians had come in and asked if they could take me on loan. He said Airdrie would pay half my wages and Morton would pay half my wages, but I said, 'Well, I don't want to go out on loan'.

### Dumbarton

After McLaughlin was released by Morton, he signed for SPFL Championship side Dumbarton. He was given the number 5 shirt. He scored his first goal for the club in a 5–1 win against Alloa Athletic on his third appearance.On 16 May 2014 McLaughlin signed a new one-year deal with the Sons.

In January 2015 'Marko' was released by the club following a lack of game time.

### Clyde

On 20 January 2015, McLaughlin signed for Clyde for a second time. He was released at the end of the 2015–16 season and returned to the juniors with Beith. He retired in June 2018.

## Personal life

McLaughlin grew up in Port Glasgow.

## Honours

Arthurlie Clyde Hamilton Academical Beith Juniors

## InfoBox

Mark McLaughlin
|  | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Mark McLaughlin | | |
| Date of birth | (1975-12-02) 2 December 1975 | | |
| Place of birth | Greenock, Scotland | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| –1999 | Arthurlie | ? | (?) |
| 1999–2004 | Clyde | 97 | (14) |
| 2004–2012 | Hamilton Academical | 193 | (17) |
| 2012–2013 | Greenock Morton | 34 | (3) |
| 2014–2015 | Dumbarton | 16 | (1) |
| 2015–2016 | Clyde | 37 | (2) |
| 2016–2018 | Beith Juniors |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Middleton School District

abstract: Middleton School District is a school district based in Middleton, Idaho, United States. It operates Middleton High School and several lower-grade schools.

text:
# Middleton School District

**Middleton School District** is a school district based in Middleton, Idaho, United States. It operates Middleton High School and several lower-grade schools.

## 2018 Halloween incident

Photographs of teachers at Heights Elementary School dressed as the proposed United States-Mexico border wall were posted to Facebook and were widely shared. The school district subsequently announced that the teachers would be placed on paid leave and staff would be provided with sensitivity training.

## InfoBox

| Middleton School District | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
| 5 South Viking Avenue Middleton, Idaho, 83644<br>United States | |
| Coordinates | 43°42′22″N 116°37′37″W / 43.7060424°N 116.6268213°W / 43.7060424; -116.6268213 (District office) |
| District information | |
| Superintendent | Marc Gee |
| Asst. superintendent(s) | Lisa Pennington |
| Schools | Middleton High School, Middleton Academy, Middleton Middle School, Heights Elementary, Mill Creek Elementary, Purple Sage Elementary. |
| Students and staff | |
| District mascot | Viking |
| Colors | Blue and tan |
| Other information | |
| Website | www.msd134.org |


title: North–South Trunk Line (RIT)

abstract: The North–South Trunk Line is a bus rapid transit (BRT) service that runs from Santa Cândida Transit Center, in northeast Curitiba, to Pinheirinho Transit Center, in south side Curitiba. Two express routes run through this line and it is supplemented by a limited route that serves only certain stops. It is part of Curitiba's Rede Integrada de Transporte transportation system.

text:
# North–South Trunk Line (RIT)

| North–South Trunk Line (RIT) |
| --- |
|  |
|  |

The **North–South Trunk Line** is a bus rapid transit (BRT) service that runs from Santa Cândida Transit Center, in northeast Curitiba, to Pinheirinho Transit Center, in south side Curitiba. Two express routes run through this line and it is supplemented by a limited route ("Direct Line") that serves only certain stops. It is part of Curitiba's Rede Integrada de Transporte transportation system.

## History

The first express route began operating in 1974, linking **Santa Cândida** in north side Curitiba to **Generoso Marques Square**, in downtown. A dedicated bus lane was built for this route, with bus stops 400 meters (1/4 mile) apart from each other. Special amenities, such as newsstands, payphones, maps and exclusive bus shelters were introduced to each bus stop.

Twenty buses operated the line when it first opened and they had their own color-scheme to identify them as express buses, rather than local ones. Red is still the color of express buses, the same as when first introduced.

Throughout the years, the line was extended (first to Portão Transit Center and later to Capão Raso and Pinheirinho transit centers) and received upgrades, like articulated buses and "tube-stations". In the early '90s, the first double-articulated buses ("*biarticulados*") were developed in partnership between URBS and Volvo and later started operating on this line.

Still in the 1990s, a point-to-point route ("Direct Line" or *"Linha Direta"*) was introduced, with limited stops and serving only its dedicated tube-stations, linking both ends of the line, Santa Cândida in the north and Pinheirinho in the south.

## Route description

The line, between Santa Cândida and Pinheiro transit centers is 18.5 km (11.5 mi) long. One express route links Santa Cândida and Capão Raso (route 203) and the other express route (603) connects Pinheirinho to Rui Barbosa Square, in downtown Curitiba. The two routes overlap between Oswaldo Cruz Square station and Capão Raso Transit Center. During peak hours, buses run every 3 minutes on route 203 every 4 minutes on route 603. On weekdays non-peak hours, buses run every 5 to 9 minutes on both routes. On weekends, buses run every 9 minutes on route 203 and every 14 minutes on route 603. Double-articulated buses with five doors on the right side operate on this route.

A "Direct Line" service (route 204) connects Santa Cândida and Pinheirinho transit centers. It stops in a limited number of stations and transfers to the express routes are available at 5 transit centers (Santa Cândida, Boa Vista, Cabral, Portão and Pinheirinho). Other routes connect to 203 at the all tube-stations along the way. Standard size buses with doors on the left side operate on this route.

In downtown, *Universidade Federal do Paraná* and *XV de Novembro street pedestrian mall'*s east end are accessible from routes 203 (at Estação Central) and 204 (at Círculo Militar), although these stations are about 300 m (1,000 ft) apart from each other.

## Transfer points

Six transit centers are served by the North–South Trunk Line, which allow riders to connect to other routes for free. Praça Eufrásio Correia station allows free transfer to the East–West Trunk Line, but it is restricted by the direction of travel (i.e. northbound connects only to eastbound buses and westbound buses only connect to southbound and vice versa).

Other important RIT routes connect to the North–South Trunk Line, such as, Interbairros II, the Direct Line Inter 2 (at Cabral, Portão and Capão Raso transit centers). Other municipalities in the metro area have routes that are fed directly into this trunk line, like some from Colombo (at Santa Cândida, Cabral and Capão Raso transit centers), Almirante Tamandaré (at Cabral transit center), Araucária (at Portão, Capão Raso and Pinheirinho transit centers) and Fazenda Rio Grande (at Pinheirinho Transit Center).


title: R-parity

abstract:
R-parity is a concept in particle physics. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, baryon number and lepton number are no longer conserved by all of the renormalizable couplings in the theory. Since baryon number and lepton number conservation have been tested very precisely, these couplings need to be very small in order not to be in conflict with experimental data. R-parity is a Z 2 symmetry acting on the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) fields that forbids these couplings and can be defined as
  - P R = 3 B + L + 2 s, or, equivalently, as
  - P R = 3 + 2 s, where s is spin, B is baryon number, and L is lepton number. All Standard Model particles have R-parity of +1 while supersymmetric particles have R-parity of −1. Note that there are different forms of parity with different effects and principles, one should not confuse this parity with any other parity.

text:
# R-parity

**R-parity** is a concept in particle physics. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, baryon number and lepton number are no longer conserved by all of the renormalizable couplings in the theory. Since baryon number and lepton number conservation have been tested very precisely, these couplings need to be very small in order not to be in conflict with experimental data. R-parity is a $\mathbb {Z} \_{2}$ symmetry acting on the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) fields that forbids these couplings and can be defined as

$$P\_{\mathrm {R} }=(-1)^{3B+L+2s},$$

or, equivalently, as

$$P\_{\mathrm {R} }=(-1)^{3(B-L)+2s},$$

where s is spin, B is baryon number, and L is lepton number. All Standard Model particles have R-parity of +1 while supersymmetric particles have R-parity of 1.

Note that there are different forms of parity with different effects and principles, one should not confuse this parity with any other parity.

## Dark matter candidate

With R-parity being preserved, the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) cannot decay. This lightest particle (if it exists) may therefore account for the observed missing mass of the universe that is generally called dark matter. In order to fit observations, it is assumed that this particle has a mass of 100 GeV/*c*2 to 1 TeV/*c*2, is neutral and only interacts through weak interactions and gravitational interactions. It is often called a weakly interacting massive particle or WIMP.

Typically the dark matter candidate of the MSSM is a mixture of the electroweak gauginos and Higgsinos and is called a neutralino. In extensions to the MSSM it is possible to have a sneutrino be the dark matter candidate. Another possibility is the gravitino, which only interacts via gravitational interactions and does not require strict R-parity.

## R-parity violating couplings of the MSSM

The renormalizable R-parity violating couplings of the MSSM are

* $\int d^{2}\theta \\;\lambda \_{1}\\;U^{c}D^{c}D^{c}$ violates B by 1 unit

The strongest constraint involving this coupling alone is from the non-observation of neutron–antineutron oscillations.

* $\int d^{2}\theta \\;\lambda \_{2}\\;QD^{c}L$ violates L by 1 unit

The strongest constraint involving this coupling alone is the violation universality of Fermi constant $G\_{F}$ in quark and leptonic charged current decays.

* $\int d^{2}\theta \\;\lambda \_{3}\\;LE^{c}L$ violates L by 1 unit

The strongest constraint involving this coupling alone is the violation universality of Fermi constant in leptonic charged current decays.

* $\int d^{2}\theta \\;\kappa \\;LH\_{u}$ violates L by 1 unit

The strongest constraint involving this coupling alone is that it leads to a large neutrino mass.

While the constraints on single couplings are reasonably strong, if multiple couplings are combined together, they lead to proton decay. Thus there are further maximal bounds on values of the couplings from maximal bounds on proton decay rate.

## Proton decay

Without baryon and lepton number being conserved and taking $\mathcal {O}(1)$ couplings for the R-parity violating couplings, the proton can decay in approximately 102 seconds or if minimal flavor violation is assumed the proton lifetime can be extended to 1 year. Since the proton lifetime is observed to be greater than 1033 to 1034 years (depending on the exact decay channel), this would highly disfavour the model. R-parity sets all of the renormalizable baryon and lepton number violating couplings to zero and the proton is stable at the renormalizable level and the lifetime of the proton is increased to 1032 years and is nearly consistent with current observational data.

Because proton decay involves violating both lepton and baryon number simultaneously, no single renormalizable R-parity violating coupling leads to proton decay. This has motivated the study of R-parity violation where only one set of the R-parity violating couplings are non-zero which is sometimes called the single coupling dominance hypothesis.

## Possible origins of R-parity

A very attractive way to motivate R-parity is with a B − L continuous gauge symmetry which is spontaneously broken at a scale inaccessible to current experiments. A continuous $U(1)\_{B-L}$ forbids renormalizable terms which violate B and L. If $U(1)\_{B-L}$ is only broken by scalar vacuum expectation values (or other order parameters) that carry even integer values of 3(B − L), then there exist an exactly conserved discrete remnant subgroup which has the desired properties. The crucial issue is to determine whether the sneutrino (the supersymmetric partner of neutrino), which is odd under R-parity, develops a vacuum expectation value. It can be shown, on phenomenological grounds, that this cannot happen in any theory where $U(1)\_{B-L}$ is broken at a scale much above the electroweak one. This is true in any theory based on a large-scale seesaw mechanism. As a consequence, in such theories R-parity remains exact at all energies.

This phenomenon can arise as an automatic symmetry in SO(10) grand unified theories. This natural occurrence of R-parity is possible because in SO(10) the Standard Model fermions arise from the 16 dimensional spinor representation, while the Higgs arises from a 10 dimensional vector representation. In order to make an SO(10) invariant coupling, one must have an even number of spinor fields (i.e. there is a spinor parity). After GUT symmetry breaking, this spinor parity descends into R-parity so long as no spinor fields were used to break the GUT symmetry. Explicit examples of such SO(10) theories have been constructed.


title: Ramatroban

abstract: Ramatroban (INN) is a thromboxane receptor antagonist. It is also a DP2 receptor antagonist. It is indicated for the treatment of coronary artery disease. It has also been used for the treatment of asthma. It has been suggested that ramatroban, by modulating DP2 receptor, can reverse viremia-associated proinflammatory and prothrombotic processes which are similar to those induced by SARS-Cov-2. Hence, ramatroban, that has been used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in Japan for the past two decades with a well established safety profile, merits investigation as a novel immunotherapy for the treatment of COVID-19 disease, although no clinical trial has yet been conducted. Ramatroban was developed by the German pharmaceutical company Bayer AG and is co-marketed in Japan by Bayer Yakuhin then marketed by Kyorin Pharmaceutical and Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd. under the trade name Baynas.

text:
# Ramatroban

**Ramatroban** (INN) (also known as **BAY u3405**) is a thromboxane receptor antagonist.

It is also a DP2 receptor antagonist.

It is indicated for the treatment of coronary artery disease. It has also been used for the treatment of asthma.

It has been suggested that ramatroban, by modulating DP2 receptor, can reverse viremia-associated proinflammatory and prothrombotic processes which are similar to those induced by SARS-Cov-2. Hence, ramatroban, that has been used for the treatment of allergic rhinitis in Japan for the past two decades with a well established safety profile, merits investigation as a novel immunotherapy for the treatment of COVID-19 disease, although no clinical trial has yet been conducted.

Ramatroban was developed by the German pharmaceutical company Bayer AG and is co-marketed in Japan by Bayer Yakuhin then marketed by Kyorin Pharmaceutical and Nippon Shinyaku Co., Ltd. under the trade name **Baynas**.

## InfoBox

Ramatroban
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Baynas |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | International Drug Names |
| Routes of
administration | Oral (tablets) |
| ATC code | * None |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | * Rx-only (JP) |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * 3-((3*R*)-3-{\[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl\]amino}-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9*H*-carbazol-9-yl)propanoic acid | |
| CAS Number |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| IUPHAR/BPS |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| KEGG |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.159.668 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C21H21FN2O4S |
| Molar mass | 416.47 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * C1CC2=C(CC1NS(=O)(=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)F)C4=CC=CC=C4N2CCC(=O)O | |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C21H21FN2O4S/c22-14-5-8-16(9-6-14)29(27,28)23-15-7-10-20-18(13-15)17-3-1-2-4-19(17)24(20)12-11-21(25)26/h1-6,8-9,15,23H,7,10-13H2,(H,25,26)/t15-/m1/s1 * Key:LDXDSHIEDAPSSA-OAHLLOKOSA-N | |


title: James Lane Allen

abstract: James Lane Allen was an American novelist and short story writer whose work, including the novel A Kentucky Cardinal, often depicted the culture and dialects of his native Kentucky. His work is characteristic of the late 19th-century local color era, when writers sought to capture the vernacular in their fiction. Allen has been described as "Kentucky's first important novelist".

text:
# James Lane Allen

**James Lane Allen** (December 21, 1849 – February 18, 1925) was an American novelist and short story writer whose work, including the novel *A Kentucky Cardinal*, often depicted the culture and dialects of his native Kentucky. His work is characteristic of the late 19th-century local color era, when writers sought to capture the vernacular in their fiction. Allen has been described as "Kentucky's first important novelist".

## Early life and education

James Lane Allen was born near Lexington, Kentucky, to Richard and Helen Jane (Foster) Allen on December 21, 1849. Allen, the youngest child in the family, had four sisters Lydia, May, Sally, and Annie, and two brothers, John and Henry. Allen lived at the Scarlet Gate estate in Lexington in the late 1800s until age 22 years.

In 1872, Allen graduated from the University of Kentucky, Lexington, taught at Fort Spring, Kentucky, at Richmond and at Lexington, Missouri, and from 1877 to 1879 at the academy of the University of Kentucky, where he was principal and taught modern languages. In 1880, he was professor of Latin and English at Bethany College (West Virginia); and then became head of a private school at Lexington, Kentucky. Allen spent his youth in Lexington during the Antebellum era, the American Civil War, and the Reconstruction periods. His childhood heavily influenced his writing. He described living at Scarlet Gate in the introduction to *A Kentucky Cardinal.*

## Career in New York

In 1893, Allen moved to New York City, where he lived until his death. He was a contributor to *Harper's Magazine*, *The Atlantic Monthly*, and other popular magazines of the time. His novels include *The Choir Invisible*, which was a popular best seller in 1897.

## Death and legacy

Allen died "from insomnia" in 1925, and is buried in Lexington Cemetery. At the northern edge of Gratz Park in Lexington is the "Fountain of Youth", built in memory of Allen using proceeds willed to the city by him.

James Lane Allen School, an elementary school off Alexandria Drive in Lexington, Kentucky is named in his honor.

## Bibliography

Works published by Allen include:

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| James Lane Allen | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | December 21, 1849
Lexington, Kentucky |
| Died | February 18, 1925 (aged 75)
New York, New York |
| Resting place | Lexington Cemetery |
| Occupation | Novelist, short story writer, teacher |
| Signature | |
|  | |


title: Portal of Sorrow

abstract: Portal of Sorrow is the eighth studio album by American black metal act Xasthur. It would be Xasthur's last album of the black metal genre, as the next album Subject to Change features a more acoustic folk sound.

text:
# Portal of Sorrow

***Portal of Sorrow*** is the eighth studio album by American black metal act Xasthur. It would be Xasthur's last album of the black metal genre, as the next album *Subject to Change* features a more acoustic folk sound.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Portal of Sorrow" | 4:09 |
| 2. | "Broken Glass Christening" | 3:50 |
| 3. | "Shrine of Failure" | 4:27 |
| 4. | "Stream of Subconsciousness" | 7:51 |
| 5. | "Karma/Death" | 4:20 |
| 6. | "Horizon of Plastic Caskets" | 3:49 |
| 7. | "Mesmerized by Misery" | 2:52 |
| 8. | "This Abyss Holds the Mirror" | 7:31 |
| 9. | "Mourning Tomorrow" | 2:07 |
| 10. | "Miscarriage of the Soul" | 3:26 |
| 11. | "Obeyer's of Their Own Deaths" | 2:31 |
| 12. | "Released from This Earth" | 4:27 |
| 13. | "The Darkest Light" | 4:37 |
| 14. | "Hiver de Glace" | 1:56 |

## Personnel

* Malefic – All instruments, vocals
* Marissa Nadler \- Vocals
* Ronald Armand Andruchuk - Album artwork and layout

## InfoBox

| Portal of Sorrow | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Xasthur | |
| Released | March 26, 2010 |
| Genre | Black metal, dark ambient |
| Length | 55:13 |
| Label | Hydra Head |
| Xasthur chronology | |
| *All Reflections Drained*
(2009) ***Portal of Sorrow***
(2010) *Subject to Change*
(2016) | |


title: Mark Rosenberg (producer)

abstract: Mark Herschel Rosenberg was an American film producer whose works included Major League and Presumed Innocent. He was the President of Worldwide Theatrical Production at Warner Bros. in the 1980s.

text:
# Mark Rosenberg (producer)

**Mark Herschel Rosenberg** (April 3, 1948 – November 6, 1992) was an American film producer whose works included *Major League* and *Presumed Innocent*. He was the President of Worldwide Theatrical Production at Warner Bros. in the 1980s.

## Early life and education

Rosenberg was born at Ackerson Maternity House in Passaic, New Jersey, the first child of Howard Rosenberg and his wife, Martha (*née* Wechsler). He was raised in a Conservative Jewish family. He attended Passaic High School, graduating in 1966. He attended Bard College and the University of Wisconsin–Madison, where he was an active leader in the Students for a Democratic Society and its protests against United States involvement in the Vietnam War. Mark's younger brother, Alan, became an actor, Alan later said, "to effect social and political change" and eventually became SAG President. Their first cousin, also from Passaic, was musician/songwriter Donald Fagen, co-founder of the group Steely Dan.

## Career

He moved to Los Angeles to take a position in film marketing with Seineger & Associates. He was hired as a literary agent with International Creative Management and later with Adams, Ray & Rosenberg.

He became vice president for production at Warner Bros. in 1978. Rosenberg was named by Warner Bros. as the president of movie production in July 1983, making him one of the youngest executives to head the film production division of a major motion picture studio, at the age of 35. Rosenberg replaced Robert Shapiro, whose departure was attributed in industry sources cited by *The New York Times* as due to poor financial results for the studio's film in the previous 18 months. He left Warner Bros. in September 1985.

He joined Sydney Pollack in 1985 at Mirage Productions, where their first production was the 1988 release *Bright Lights, Big City*, based on the novel by Jay McInerney. Other films produced at Mirage include *Major League* and *Presumed Innocent*.

Spring Creek Productions was formed in 1989 with his wife, producer Paula Weinstein. He met his wife while they were organizing protests at the 1972 Republican National Convention at the event's original planned site in San Diego. The company had a production agreement with Warner Bros., where they produced *The Fabulous Baker Boys*, and *Flesh and Bone*, the film he was producing at the time of his death.

## Personal life and death

Rosenberg, a resident of Los Angeles, died at age 44 on November 6, 1992, of heart failure on a movie set in Stanton, Texas, during the production of the film *Flesh and Bone*.

His brother, Alan Rosenberg, is an actor who has been the president of the Screen Actors Guild.

Rosenberg was described as "one of Hollywood's baby moguls" by *The New York Times*, which noted that "the roll call of achievements in his obituary was of a length befitting an elder statesman of Hollywood".

## Filmography

He was a producer in all films unless otherwise noted.

### Film

| Year | Film | Credit | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1988 | *Bright Lights, Big City* |  |  |
| 1989 | *Major League* | Executive producer |  |
| | *The Fabulous Baker Boys* |  |  |
| 1990 | *Presumed Innocent* |  |  |
| | *White Palace* |  |  |
| 1991 | *King Ralph* | Executive producer | Final film as a producer |
| 1993 | *Fearless* |  | Posthumous credit |
| | *The House of the Spirits* | Executive producer | Posthumous credit |
| | *Flesh and Bone* |  | Posthumous credit |

Thanks

| Year | Film | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1993 | *Flesh and Bone* | In memory of |

### Television

| Year | Title | Credit | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1992 | *Citizen Cohn* | Executive producer | Television film |

## InfoBox

| Mark Rosenberg | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Mark Herschel Rosenberg
(1948-04-03)April 3, 1948
Passaic, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Died | November 6, 1992(1992-11-06) (aged 44)
Stanton, Texas, U.S. |
| Occupation | Film producer |
| Years active | 1988–1992 |
| Spouses | *   Tracy Hotchner  (m. 1975; div. 1978) *   Lauren Shuler Donner  (m. 1980; div. 1984) *   Paula Weinstein (m. 1985) |
| Relatives | Alan Rosenberg
(brother)
Donald Fagen
(cousin) |


title: Mick English

abstract: Michael English was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

text:
# Mick English

**Michael English** (17 September 1882 – 1 September 1937) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

## InfoBox

| Mick English | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Michael English | | |
| Date of birth | (1882-09-17)17 September 1882 | | |
| Place of birth | Melbourne, Victoria | | |
| Date of death | 1 September 1937(1937-09-01) (aged 54) | | |
| Place of death | Melbourne, Victoria | | |
| Original team(s) | Port Melbourne Juniors | | |
| Playing career1 | | | |
| Years | **Club** | **Games (Goals)** |
| 1902 | St Kilda | 15 (1) |
| 1 Playing statistics correct to the end of 1902. | | | |
| Sources: AFL Tables, AustralianFootball.com | | | |


title: Nowy wspaniały świat

abstract: Nowy wspaniały świat is the debut studio album by Polish group 2 Plus 1, released in 1972 by Polskie Nagrania Muza. It contained some of the band's greatest hits: "Chodź, pomaluj mój świat", "Czerwone słoneczko", "Hej dogonię lato" and "Wstawaj szkoda dnia". The album turned out a huge commercial success and was certified Gold in Poland for selling in over 150,000 copies. It was re-released on CD twice: in 1995, with a slightly altered cover and 5 bonus tracks, and in 2001, retaining the original cover and standard track listing.

text:
# Nowy wspaniały świat

***Nowy wspaniały świat*** (English: *The New Magnificent World*) is the debut studio album by Polish group 2 Plus 1, released in 1972 by Polskie Nagrania Muza. It contained some of the band's greatest hits: "Chodź, pomaluj mój świat", "Czerwone słoneczko", "Hej dogonię lato" and "Wstawaj szkoda dnia". The album turned out a huge commercial success and was certified Gold in Poland for selling in over 150,000 copies. It was re-released on CD twice: in 1995, with a slightly altered cover and 5 bonus tracks, and in 2001, retaining the original cover and standard track listing.

## Track listing

**Side A:**

1. "Czerwone słoneczko" ("The Red Sun") – 2:48
2. "Nowy wspaniały świat" ("The New Magnificent World") – 2:45
3. "Pani moich godzin" ("The Lady of My Hours") – 3:18
4. "Zielona droga" ("On the Green Road") – 3:03
5. "W kamień zaklęci" ("Turned to Stone") – 2:17
6. "Kiedy rzeką płynie kra" ("When Ice Floats Down the River") – 0:56
7. "Gwiazdo wód" ("Star of Waters") – 3:33

**Side B:**

1. "Hej dogonię lato" ("I'll Catch the Summer") – 3:13
2. "Wstawaj szkoda dnia" ("Wake Up, Don't Waste the Day") – 2:55
3. "Chodź, pomaluj mój świat" ("Come On, Paint My World") – 3:00
4. "Jasny, biały dzień" ("Bright Day, White Day") – 3:05
5. "Po jedwabnej stronie" ("On the Silk Side") – 3:42
6. "Wrócimy tam któregoś ranka" ("We'll Get Back There Some Day") – 3:12

**Bonus tracks (1995 CD reissue):**

1. "Codzienność" – 3:17
2. "Panna radosna" – 2:11
3. "Śpij, baju baju" – 2:52
4. "Już nie będę taki głupi" – 2:32
5. "Nie zmogła go kula" – 1:58

## InfoBox

| Nowy wspaniały świat | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by 2 Plus 1 | |
| Released | 1972 |
| Genre | Pop, folk |
| Length | 37:47 (LP)
51:49 (1995 CD) |
| Label | Polskie Nagrania Muza |
| Producer | Janusz Kruk |
| 2 Plus 1 chronology | |
| ***Nowy wspaniały świat***
(1972) *Wyspa dzieci*
(1975) | |


title: Ottoschulzia

abstract: Ottoschulzia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Metteniusaceae. Its native range is from south-eastern Mexico to Guatemala, and the Caribbean. It is also found in the countries of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti and Puerto Rico. The genus name of Ottoschulzia is in honour of Otto Eugen Schulz (1874–1936), a German botanist, born in Berlin. It was first described and published in Symb. Antill. Vol.7 on page 272 in 1912.

text:
# Ottoschulzia

***Ottoschulzia*** is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Metteniusaceae.

Its native range is from south-eastern Mexico to Guatemala, and the Caribbean. It is also found in the countries of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti and Puerto Rico.

The genus name of *Ottoschulzia* is in honour of Otto Eugen Schulz (1874–1936), a German botanist, born in Berlin. It was first described and published in Symb. Antill. Vol.7 on page 272 in 1912.

## Species

According to Kew:

## InfoBox

| *Ottoschulzia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Ottoschulzia rhodoxylon | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Metteniusales |
| Family: | Metteniusaceae |
| Genus: | *Ottoschulzia*<br>Urb. |
|


title: R-matrix

abstract: The term R-matrix has several meanings, depending on the field of study. The term R-matrix is used in connection with the Yang–Baxter equation, first introduced in the field of statistical mechanics in the works of J. B. McGuire in 1964 and C. N. Yang in 1967 and in the group algebra C [ S n ] of the symmetric group in the work of A. A. Jucys in 1966. The classical R-matrix arises in the definition of the classical Yang–Baxter equation. In quasitriangular Hopf algebra, the R-matrix is a solution of the Yang–Baxter equation. The numerical modeling of diffraction gratings in optical science can be performed using the R-matrix propagation algorithm.

text:
# R-matrix

The term **R-matrix** has several meanings, depending on the field of study.

The term R-matrix is used in connection with the Yang–Baxter equation, first introduced in the field of statistical mechanics in the works of J. B. McGuire in 1964 and C. N. Yang in 1967 and in the group algebra $\mathbb {C} \[S\_{n}\]$ of the symmetric group in the work of A. A. Jucys in 1966.

The classical R-matrix arises in the definition of the classical YangBaxter equation.

In quasitriangular Hopf algebra, the R-matrix is a solution of the Yang–Baxter equation.

The numerical modeling of diffraction gratings in optical science can be performed using the R-matrix propagation algorithm.

## R-matrix method in quantum mechanics

There is a method in computational quantum mechanics for studying scattering known as the R-matrix. This method was originally formulated for studying resonances in nuclear scattering by Wigner and Eisenbud. Using that work as a basis, an R-matrix method was developed for electron, positron and photon scattering by atoms. This approach was later adapted for electron, positron and photon scattering by molecules.

R-matrix method is used in UKRmol and UKRmol+ code suits. The user-friendly software Quantemol Electron Collisions (Quantemol-EC) and its predecessor Quantemol-N are based on UKRmol/UKRmol+ and employ MOLPRO package for electron configuration calculations.


title: Ramatu Yaradua

abstract: Ramatu Yaradua is the commissioner for Ministry of Investment, Commerce, and Industry in Niger State, Nigeria.

text:
# Ramatu Yaradua

**Ramatu Yaradua** is the commissioner for Ministry of Investment, Commerce, and Industry in Niger State, Nigeria.

## Early life and education

Rahmatu hails from Enagi village in Edati Local Government Area of Niger State. her Primary Education started at Adrao International School, Lagos, then to United Kingdom where she attend Ibstock Place School London. She studied International Relations and English at the Coventry University where she obtain a B.A with a second class upper.

## Career

Ramatu started her career as project officer with a contracting company called Platform Nigeria Limited, one of the main contrators of Gwamrimpa Estate, Abuja. She was later promoted to the position of Marketing Manager of the company, where she maintains the efficiency, effectiveness and productivity of the company. After her career with the Platform Limited, Rahmatu joined MicroAccess Limited as Chief Marketing Executive, one of the pioneers in information and communication service providers in Nigeria. While working there, Ramatu managed the company’s largest portfolios such as The National Hospital Abuja, The Corporate Affairs Commission, Ministry of Information, the major oil servicing companies and several other important roles and it is under her leadership that her team developed the first national website for the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the first National Hospital website, and introduced CAC online reducing corporate registration.

Ramatu also served as the Director in the Hamble Group in the United Kingdom, and upon her return to her continent, she served as a Director of Hamble Group (Africa).

## Politics

She was the former Commissioner of Commerce, Industry and Investment, Niger State.

## Personal life

She was married to Alh Murtala Yar’adua, the former Minister of Defence.


title: Portal del Sur (TransMilenio)

abstract: Portal del Sur is one of the terminus stations of the TransMilenio mass-transit system of Bogotá, Colombia, which opened in the year 2000.

text:
# Portal del Sur (TransMilenio)

**Portal del Sur** is one of the terminus stations of the TransMilenio mass-transit system of Bogotá, Colombia, which opened in the year 2000.

## Location

The **Portal del Sur** is located in the south of the city, more specifically on Autopista Sur where it meets the cemetery *Jardines del Apogeo* (carrera 72D).

## History

The inauguration of the head station was made on April 15, 2006, although public space works and some mixed lanes continued until June of the same year.

The portal has a cycling service for users.

Beginning in September 2013, "TuLlave" travel cards work in the Portal del Sur, after months of discussions on how to start integrating the cards used in all phases of TransMilenio.

## Station services

### Old trunk services

**Services rendered until April 29, 2006**
| Kind | Routes | Frequency |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Current |  | Every 3 minutes on average |
| Express |  | Every 2 minutes on average |

### Main line service

**Service as of April 29, 2006**
| Type | Routes to the North | Routes to the East | Routes to the South |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Local | 4 |  |  |
| Express Every Day
All day | B12 D22 | M47 |  |
| Express Monday to Saturday
All day | B11 |  |  |
| Express Monday to Friday
All day | C30 |  |  |
| Express Monday to Friday
Morning and afternoon rush hour |  |  | G45 |
| Express Monday to Friday
Morning rush hour |  | A52 |  |
| Express Saturday
morning rush hour |  |  | G45 |
| Express Saturday
from 5:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. | C30 |  |  |
| **Routes that finish in the station** | | | | | | | |
| Local | 4 | | | | |
| Express Every Day
All day | G12 G22 G47 | | | | |
| Express Monday to Saturday
All day | G11 | | | | |
| Express Monday to Friday
All day | G30 | | | | |
| Express Monday to Friday
Afternoon rush hour | G52 | | | | |
| Express Monday to Friday
Morning and afternoon rush hour | G45 | | | | |
| Express Saturday
morning rush hour | G45 | | | | |
| Express Saturday
from 5:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. | G30 | | | | |

### Feeder Routes

The station receives the following feeder routes:

* 10.1 Avenida Bosa loop
* 10.2 Bosa Centro loop
* 10.3 Albán Carbonell loop
* 10.4 Bosa Laureles loop
* 10.5 Terminal Sur loop
* 10.6 Perdomo loop
* 10.8 Olarte - Timiza loop

### Special Services

The following special route also works:

* 10.10 to the Cazucá neighborhood.

### Circular Routes

Currently, the following SITP circular routes are entered at the Portal del Sur:

* T04 to the Tres Esquinas neighborhood.
* 91 Urban Porciuncula, from Bosa San José (from 4:30 a.m. to 8:30 p.m.).
* Circular Bogotá - San Mateo

### Inter-city service

At the completion of construction, there are plans for inter-city service from the surrounding municipalities of Soacha and Sibaté. The station has capacity for 13 inter-city buses at the same time, plus additional space for feeder routes.

## InfoBox

| Portal del Sur | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Bosa (Bogotá)
Colombia |
| History | |
| Opened | April 15, 2006 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station TransMilenio Following station  Perdomotowards Comuneros    Estacion Bosatowards San Mateo | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Mark Cojuangco

abstract: Marcos Juan Bruno Oppen Cojuangco also known as Mark Cojuangco, is a Filipino politician and businessman. He is a former Representative of 5th District of Pangasinan, in the Philippines, he also served as the vice-chairman of Committee on Appropriations.

text:
# Mark Cojuangco

**Marcos Juan Bruno Oppen Cojuangco** (born October 6, 1957) also known as **Mark Cojuangco**, is a Filipino politician and businessman. He is a former Representative of 5th District of Pangasinan, in the Philippines, he also served as the vice-chairman of Committee on Appropriations.

## House Bill 04631 and English Wikipedia citations

Cojuangco is the author of the controversial House Bill 04631 that mandates the immediate re-commissioning and commercial operation of the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant, appropriating funds therefor, and for other purposes. His presentation of the bill at the Congressional hearing on February 2, 2009 came under scrutiny from the opposition for citing English Wikipedia articles about nuclear plants in other countries and quotes from non-experts to argue for the re-commissioning of the Bataan Nuclear Power Plant.

## Personal life

Cojuangco is the eldest son of Eduardo Cojuangco, Jr. and Soledad "Gretchen" Oppen.

He is married to Ma. Carmen "Kimi" Shulze. The couple have three children: Danielle, Paola and Eduardo III.

## Political career

From 2001 to 2010, Cojuangco served as the Representative of the 5th District of Pangasinan. He focused on infrastructure projects, believing that quality and not just the quantity of projects, are the catalyst for economic development.

His accomplishments include: the lobbying for and successful monetization and continuous release of the 12 years overdue tobacco tax share of Burley tobacco producing areas throughout the country amounting to 6.5Billion pesos, initially. Innovations such as: precast concrete arch bridges of 12m spans, concrete tower silos, people’s donation for road right of way of widened barangay roads, advanced drilling technology which resulted in truly potable barangay water systems, prepaid water dispensing, multi-level school buildings, surface irrigation systems, travelling irrigator systems, radial irrigation gates, the use of digital terrain models in flood basin drainage design and implementation, among others. Not even public restrooms were spared of innovation, as 5-star facilities now exist in the town plazas of his district, being most welcome by balikbayans, returning OFWs and kamag-anaks from abroad as well as their guests.

His last projects include the widening and rehabilitation of the Manila North Road and the initiation of the Western Urdaneta Bypass Road which he believes will make Urdaneta the premiere city of Pangasinan.

Even after his nine years as Congressman, Cojuangco continues to work for the betterment of the 5th District of Pangasinan. He is currently working on the completion of the establishment of a regional Tropical Dairy Industry, which he started in 2004. The first module, located in the barangay of Maraboc in Laoac, Pangasinan is already nearing completion. With this module alone, the 5th District of Pangasinan Dairy and Minor Livestock Cooperative already produces an average of 1,500 liters of fresh milk a day, with 5,000 liters/day as an ultimate goal. This has led to the filing of House Bill 4441 by his wife Rep. Kimi S. Cojuangco, who was the former Mayor of Sison and now incumbent representative of the 5th District of Pangasinan, which is aimed at protecting the local Dairy Industry.

He ran as Governor of Pangasinan in 2016, as he supported the candidacy of Vice President Jejomar Binay and Sen. Bongbong Marcos as President and Vice President respectively.

In 2022, he successfully sought a comeback to the Congress, this time for the 2nd District of Pangasinan. He changed his residency from Sison to Lingayen. He defeated incumbent representative Jumel Anthony Espino.

## InfoBox

| Mark Cojuangco | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the Philippine House of Representatives from Pangasinan | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
June 30, 2022 | |
| Preceded by | Jumel Anthony Espino |
| Constituency | 2nd district |
| **In office**
June 30, 2001  June 30, 2010 | |
| Preceded by | Amadeo Perez, Jr. |
| Succeeded by | Ma. Carmen "Kimi" S. Cojuangco |
| Constituency | 5th district |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Marcos Juan Bruno Oppen Cojuangco
(1957-10-06) October 6, 1957
Manila, Philippines |
| Political party | Nationalist People's Coalition |
| Spouse | Ma. Carmen "Kimi" Schulze |
| Relations | Eduardo M. Cojuangco, Jr. (father)
Carlos "Charlie" O. Cojuangco (brother)
Jaime D. Cojuangco (nephew) |
| Profession | Politician |
|  | |


title: Mouatasem Alaya

abstract: Mouatasem Alaya is a Syrian footballer for Al-Wahda.

text:
# Mouatasem Alaya

**Mouatasem Alaya** is a Syrian footballer for Al-Wahda.

## InfoBox

Mouatasem Alaya
معتصم علايا
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1983-01-01) 1 January 1983 | | |
| Place of birth | Damascus, Syria | | |
| Height | 1.76 m (5 ft 9+12 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Defensive Midfielder | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Al-Wahda | | |
| Number | 21 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Al-Wahda | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2002–2010 | Al-Wahda |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 2004–2007 | Syria |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 29 March 2009<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 29 March 2009 | | | |


title: Mark Roper

abstract: Mark Roper is a South African writer and film director. He worked mainly as assistant director on more than forty films since 1984.

text:
# Mark Roper

**Mark Roper** (born 16 March 1958) is a South African writer and film director. He worked mainly as assistant director on more than forty films since 1984.

## Selected filmography

## InfoBox

| Mark Roper | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1958-03-16) 16 March 1958
Johannesburg, South Africa |
| Nationality | South African |
| Occupation | Film director |
| Years active | 1984–present |
| Notable work | Project Shadowchaser IV
Death, Deceit and Destiny Aboard the Orient Express |


title: Mick Ellard

abstract: Michael Ellard was an Irish sports journalist who wrote for the Irish Examiner.

text:
# Mick Ellard

**Michael Ellard** (1946 – 19 November 2022) was an Irish sports journalist who wrote for the *Irish Examiner*.

## Career

Ellard was educated at the North Monastery where he was included on the school's Harty Cup team. He later joined the Na Piarsaigh club and won two City JFC titles before winning a Cork JFC title in 1965. That same year, Ellard was part of the Cork under-21 football team that reached the All-Ireland final. He won a Cork IFC with Na Piarsaigh in 1966.

Ellard's career as a journalist put an end to his playing career after he followed in his father's footsteps and joined the *Cork Examiner*. He initially began writing about a variety of subjects before spending over 40 years as a Gaelic games correspondent. Ellard won a GAA McNamee Award for his tribute to Na Piarsaigh player Tony Hegarty in 2003. His final submission came in the 10 May 2010 issue of the *Irish Examiner*.

## Death

Ellard died at the Mater Private Hospital in Cork on 19 November 2022, at the age of 76.

## Honours

Na Piarsaigh Cork

## InfoBox

| Mick Ellard | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Michael Ellard
1946
Cork, Ireland |
| Died | 19 November 2022 (aged 76)
Cork, Ireland |
| Nationality | Irish |
| Education | The North Monastery |
| Occupation | Sports journalist |
| Employer | *Irish Examiner* |


title: Nox, Shropshire

abstract: Nox is a hamlet in Shropshire, England, around a staggered junction on the B4386 road between the small villages of Cruckton and Yockleton, and south of Ford. Anciently in the parish of Pontesbury, Nox now lies mostly in the civil parish of Westbury; the parish boundaries of Westbury and of Pontesbury, which contains four of its houses, run through the hamlet. It is named after the Nock family, who owned what is now known as Nox House. It was initially recorded as an alehouse held by Richard Nock in 1653, that was later known as 'The Star and Ball' and was a regular meeting place of the Ford manorial court from 1674 to 1811. It was a butcher's shop in the 19th century before conversion to a private house. Nox also had a smithy, erected by John Nock in c.1668, that was 'still in business' in 1968.

text:
# Nox, Shropshire

**Nox** is a hamlet in Shropshire, England, around a staggered junction on the B4386 road (historically a Roman Road) between the small villages of Cruckton and Yockleton, and south of Ford.

Anciently in the parish of Pontesbury, Nox now lies mostly in the civil parish of Westbury; the parish boundaries of Westbury and of Pontesbury, which contains four of its houses, run through the hamlet.

It is named after the *Nock* family, who owned what is now known as Nox House. It was initially recorded as an alehouse held by Richard Nock in 1653, that was later known as 'The Star and Ball' and was a regular meeting place of the Ford manorial court from 1674 to 1811. It was a butcher's shop in the 19th century before conversion to a private house. Nox also had a smithy, erected by John Nock in c.1668, that was 'still in business' in 1968.

## InfoBox

| Nox | |
| --- | --- |
| A house in Nox | |
| NoxLocation within Shropshire | |
| Population | 22 |
| OS grid reference | SJ410104 |
| Civil parish |  |
| Unitary authority |  |
| Ceremonial county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | SHREWSBURY |
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title: Euphorbia marie-cladieae

abstract: Euphorbia marie-cladieae, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Socotra, Yemen, where it is found in western tip of the island.

text:
# Euphorbia marie-cladieae

***Euphorbia marie-cladieae***, is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Socotra, Yemen, where it is found in western tip of the island.

Data related to *Euphorbia marie-cladieae* at Wikispecies

## InfoBox

| *Euphorbia marie-cladieae* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Euphorbiaceae |
| Genus: | *Euphorbia* |
| Species: | ***E. marie-cladieae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Euphorbia marie-cladieae***<br>Rzepecky | |
|