title: Maughan Barnett

abstract: John Maughan Barnett was a New Zealand organist, choirmaster, pianist, composer and conductor.

text:
# Maughan Barnett

**John Maughan Barnett** (21 March 1867 – 31 July 1938) was a New Zealand organist, choirmaster, pianist, composer and conductor.

## Early life

He was born in Leamington, Warwickshire, England on 21 March 1867. He studied piano and composition at the Crystal Palace School in Sydenham, London.

## Career

Barnett was organist and choirmaster at churches in Tunbridge Wells and St Leonards, Sussex. In 1890, for health reasons, he emigrated to Hobart, Tasmania. There he was organist and choirmaster at the cathedral, moving to the same position in Napier, New Zealand in 1893. In England, Tasmania and New Zealand he taught, composed and performed on the organ and piano.

From 1895 he was organist and choirmaster at St John's Church in Wellington, becoming city organist in 1908. He became Auckland city in organist in 1912 until he retired in 1932.

While in Wellington Barnett conducted the Wellington Choral Society and Orchestral Society. His Musical Society performed the cantata *Hinemoa* by Alfred Hill in November 1896 for the Wellington Industrial Exhibition.

## Personal life

Barnett married his first wife Harriett Frances Tugwell in 1889 in Tunbridge Wells. They had three daughters and one son. Their son, Lewin Maughan Barnett, was killed in World War I at Gallipoli. Harriett died in 1925 and Barnett was married again in 1935 to Mary Jameson. He died in Auckland in 1938.

## Selected works

### Music

Barnett wrote compositions for piano and organ as well as other works including:

* *Valse Caprice* (1909)  for piano
* *Concert Overture in E minor*
* *Ode to be sung at the opening of the Canterbury Jubilee Industrial Exhibition* (1900)
* *Ode to be sung at the laying of the foundation stone of the Town Hall, Wellington, by His Royal Highness the Duke of Cornwall and York* (1901)
* *Marching song (Auckland Provincial Expeditionary Force)* (1914)
* *Dilworth School Song* (1924)

### Book

* *A Short Course of Pianoforte Technique* (1904)


title: Robert Bridges's theory of elision

abstract: Robert Bridges's theory of elision is a theory of elision developed by the poet Robert Bridges, while he was working on a prosodic analysis of John Milton's poems Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes. Bridges describes his theory in thorough detail in his 1921 book Milton's Prosody. With his definition of poetic elision, Bridges is able to demonstrate that no line in Paradise Lost contains an extra unmetrical syllable mid-line; that is, any apparent extra mid-line syllable can be explained as an example of Bridges's elision.

text:
# Robert Bridges's theory of elision

**Robert Bridges's theory of elision** is a theory of elision developed by the poet Robert Bridges, while he was working on a prosodic analysis of John Milton's poems *Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes.* Bridges describes his theory in thorough detail in his 1921 book *Milton's Prosody*. With his definition of poetic elision, Bridges is able to demonstrate that no line in *Paradise Lost* contains an extra unmetrical syllable mid-line; that is, any apparent extra mid-line syllable can be explained as an example of Bridges's elision.

## Milton's elision in *Paradise Lost*

Bridges identifies the following kinds of elision:

1. vowel elisions
2. elision through H
3. poetic elision of semi-vowels
4. elision through R
5. elision through L
6. elision through N

### Vowel elisions

Bridges identifies two basic types of vowel elision

1. the y-glide
2. the w-glide

#### The y-glide

Bridges identifies three situations where this could occur:

1. where the first syllable is stressed, such as in *riot*
2. where the second syllable is stressed, such as in *humiliation*
3. where neither vowel is stressed, such as in *Michael*

#### The w-glide

Bridges identifies three situations where this could occur:

1. where the first syllable is stressed, such as in *ruin*
2. where the second syllable is stressed; he finds no indisputable example of this in *Paradise Lost* but suggests *fluctuats* in IX.668 may be an example.
3. where neither vowel is stressed, such as in *virtuous*

### Elision through H

Bridges identifies several places where Milton apparently glides through a consonantal H. For example:

For still they knew, and ought *to have* still remembered (X.12) In Gems and wanton dress; to *the Harp* they sing (XI.579)

### Poetic elision of semi-vowels

Bridges identifies that words such as *schism, prism, chasm, spasm* are usually counted as monosyllables, despite the fact that in spoken language we vocalize the *m* separately; that is, as though *prism* were written *pris'm*.

### Elision through R

Bridges states that if two unstressed syllables are separated by an *r* then there may be elision.

### Elision through L

Bridges states that if two unstressed syllables are separated by an *l* then there may be elision.

### Elision through N

Bridges states that if two unstressed syllables are separated by an *n* then there may be elision.

## Milton's later relaxation of the rules of elision

Bridges notes that the Milton's concept of elision is broadened in *Paradise Regained* and *Samson Agonistes*. Specifically, he observes the following types of elision:

* through an *M* (where preceding and succeeding syllables are unstressed)
* via synaloepha of a final vocalic *y* with an initial consonantal *y*
* from a short unaccented *i*, where the following vowel is unstressed, through the following consonants:
    + through a *T* (4 instances)
    + through a *M* (1 instance)
    + through a *F* (1 instance)
    + through a *D* (1 instance)
    + through a *SH* (1 instance)
    + through a *ST* (1 instance)

These last two, Bridges describes as "quite abhorrent to the style of *Paradise Lost*"

1. See page 47 of *Milton's Prosody.*


title: Mr. Hercules Against Karate

abstract: Mr. Hercules Against Karate/Ming, ragazzi! is a 1973 Italian comedy Kung fu film directed by Antonio Margheriti that was filmed in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Bangkok. Produced by Carlo Ponti, the film features Bud Spencer and Terence Hill impersonators Alberto Terracina and Fernando Bilbao in a satire of the Kung-fu craze.

text:
# Mr. Hercules Against Karate

***Mr. Hercules Against Karate***/***Ming, ragazzi!*** is a 1973 Italian comedy Kung fu film directed by Antonio Margheriti that was filmed in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Bangkok. Produced by Carlo Ponti, the film features Bud Spencer and Terence Hill impersonators Alberto Terracina and Fernando Bilbao in a satire of the Kung-fu craze.

## Plot

The film is about Danny (Roberto Terracina) and Percy (Fernando Arrien) who are fired from an oil rig in Australia when Percy accidentally destroys it. They retreat to a Chinese restaurant where they meet the owner Wang who offers them $100,000 if they return his son Henshu who has been taken by Henshu's stepmother and her boyfriend, a kung fu master. The two agree and fly to Hong Kong.

## Reception

Tom Milne (Monthly Film Bulletin) gave the film a negative review, lamenting that one or two shots such as the carnival dragon in a dark alley "remind one that Margheriti has had his moments in the past as a minor-league Bava". Milne concluded that the film was "a dim carbon copy, studded with travelogue views and making heavy weather of its aimless roughhouse fights."

## Cast

### References

## InfoBox

| Mr. Hercules Against Karate | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Antonio Margheriti |
| Screenplay by | * Gianni Simonelli * Antonio Margheriti |
| Story by |  |
| Produced by | Carlo Ponti |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Luciano Trasatti |
| Edited by | Mario Morra |
| Music by | Carlo Savina |
| Production<br>company | Laser Film |
| Distributed by | United Artists Europa |
| Release date | * 1973 (1973) |
| Running time | 104 minutes |
| Country | Italy |


title: Murcia–San Javier Airport

abstract: Murcia–San Javier Airport is a military air base and former civilian passenger airport located in San Javier, 26 miles (42 km) southeast of Murcia, Spain. It is owned by the Spanish Air and Space Force. It was replaced by the new Región de Murcia International Airport, when it opened on 15 January 2019.

text:
# Murcia–San Javier Airport

**Murcia–San Javier Airport** (IATA: **MJV**, ICAO: **LELC**) is a military air base and former civilian passenger airport located in San Javier, 26 miles (42 km) southeast of Murcia, Spain. It is owned by the Spanish Air and Space Force. It was replaced (after several delays) by the new Región de Murcia International Airport, when it opened on 15 January 2019.

## Overview

### Operations

The airport can handle aircraft up to the size of a Boeing 757. It has Category 5 fire cover by the IATA, and also has one ambulance available.

The military air base dates back to at least the early 1930s and is located at the northern end of the airport. It is used chiefly by Spanish Air and Space Force turboprop, piston and jet-engined training aircraft of the Academia General del Aire (the Spanish Air Force College), including the aerobatic demonstration team of the Spanish Air and Space Force Patrulla Águila which can often be seen practicing over the nearby Mar Menor.

In recent years, Murcia Airport became much busier thanks to the arrival of several low-cost airlines. According to Aena, passenger numbers jumped from 88,608 in 1995 to 1,181,490 passengers in 2012.

### Replacement

The airport invested in a new €60 million runway and terminal buildings around 2004 to 2011 In November 2011, the Minister of Public Works Antonio Sevilla, and Secretary of State for Transport Isaías Táboas, signed an official agreement that effectively proposed to close the airport to civilian air traffic from 2012.

In November 2017, the Spanish government said it would be awarding AENA the contract of managing Corvera Airport - whereby San Javier would be closed and flights transferred. In April 2018, it was confirmed that the new Región de Murcia International Airport, which is situated in closer proximity to the city of Murcia, would open in January 2019. San Javier closed on 14 January 2019 and all airlines transferred their services to the new airport the following day. The final flight to operate at San Javier was Ryanair flight FR4117 to Manchester.

## Airlines and destinations

All operations transferred to Región de Murcia International Airport on 14 January 2019. Prior to this it was mostly used by leisure and low-cost carriers such as Jet2.com and Ryanair.

## Statistics

Annual passenger traffic at MJV airport. See Wikidata query.

Media related to Murcia–San Javier Airport at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Murcia–San Javier Airport<br>*Aeropuerto de Murcia-San Javier* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Military |
| Owner | Spanish Air and Space Force |
| Serves | Region of Murcia and Alicante |
| Location | San Javier, Spain |
| Elevation AMSL | 11 ft / 3.4 m |
| Coordinates | 37°46′29″N 000°48′44″W / 37.77472°N 0.81222°W / 37.77472; -0.81222 |
| Map | |
| Murcia–San Javier AirportLocation within SpainMurcia–San Javier AirportMurcia–San Javier Airport (Spain) | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  m ft  05R/23L 2,300 7,546 Asphalt  05L/23R 1,580 5,184 Asphalt | |
| Statistics (2016) | |
| Passengers 1,096,980  Passengers change 15-16 2.7%  Movements 8,272  Movements change 15-16 3.2% | |
| Sources: Aena | |


title: Rocky Point, North Carolina

abstract: Rocky Point is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in southern Pender County, North Carolina, United States. It is part of the Wilmington Metropolitan Statistical Area. Rocky Point is situated on North Carolina Highway 210, North Carolina Highway 133 and U.S. Route 117. The ZIP Code for Rocky Point is 28457.

text:
# Rocky Point, North Carolina

34°26′07″N 77°53′16″W / 34.43528°N 77.88778°W / 34.43528; -77.88778 **Rocky Point** is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in southern Pender County, North Carolina, United States. It is part of the Wilmington Metropolitan Statistical Area. Rocky Point is situated on North Carolina Highway 210, North Carolina Highway 133 and U.S. Route 117.

The ZIP Code for Rocky Point is 28457.

## Overview

Rocky Point is located at exit 408 off of Interstate 40. Rocky Point is just a two-stop-light town (three, counting the one off I-40). The community is growing fairly rapidly. Land taxes are low, and the community is served by the Rocky Point Fire Department, Pender EMS and Fire, and the Pender County Sheriff's Office. The community, although very rural, is situated just 15–20 miles from the Atlantic Ocean, with Wrightsville Beach being the nearest public beach. Notably, it is also the home of beloved small town restaurant, Paul's Place Famous Hot Dogs.

## History

Rocky Point has been around since Colonial America, but did not get its name until 1875. Fertile soil has been favored in Rocky Point by farmers for the past 200 years for being so good for growing healthy crops. Plantations with slaves were fairly common up until the Civil War. The name of Rocky Point is not fully known but it is because of the local Miningquarry or digging to deepen the Cape Fear River and the piles/ hills of rock left over.

## Schools

### School system

Rocky point schools are in the Pender County schools district with the chairperson of the board of education being Ken Smith.

### Past schools

* Long Creek High School (1924–1993)
* PCTS (1929–1969)
* Rocky Point school (1925–1943)

## Notable people


title: Ülle Madise

abstract: Ülle Madise is an Estonian lawyer who has served as Chancellor of Justice since 2015. Madise is the daughter of former member of the Supreme Court of Estonia Tõnu Anton. In December 2021 Madise was re-appointed by the Riigikogu for a second term as Chancellor of Justice.

text:
# Ülle Madise

**Ülle Madise** (née **Anton**; born 11 December 1974) is an Estonian lawyer who has served as Chancellor of Justice since 2015. Madise is the daughter of former member of the Supreme Court of Estonia Tõnu Anton. In December 2021 Madise was re-appointed by the Riigikogu for a second term as Chancellor of Justice.

## Biography

Her father is Tõnu Anton, a former member of the Supreme Court of Estonia and signatory of the ratification of the Estonian restoration of Independence. Ülle Madise is also a professor of constitutional law at the University of Tartu.

## Education

Madise graduated in 1993 from Tartu Descartes School and in 1998 received a *cum laude* from the University of Tartu, Faculty of Law.

## Work

* 1997–1998 Specialist, Department of Public Law, Ministry of Justice
* 1998–2002 Head of the Department of Public Law, Ministry of Justice
* 2001–2005 Lecturer at the University of Tartu
* 2002 Parliamentary Adviser to the Minister for Justice
* 2002–2005 Adviser to the Constitutional Committee of the Riigikogu
* 2005–2009 Teacher at the Ragnar Nurkse Department of Innovation and Governance, Tallinn University of Technology
* 2006–2010 Member of the Estonian National Electoral Committee
* 2009–2015 Legal adviser to the President of Estonia
* 2009–2011 Professor of Public Law at the Tallinn University of Technology
* From 2011, professor of constitutional law at the University of Tartu, Department of Public Law, Department of State and Administrative Law
* From 2015, The Chancellor of Justice of Estonia

## InfoBox

| Ülle Madise | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Chancellor of Justice | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
31 March 2015 | |
| President | Toomas Hendrik Ilves
Kersti Kaljulaid
Alar Karis |
| Prime Minister | Taavi Rõivas
Jüri Ratas
Kaja Kallas |
| Preceded by | Indrek Teder |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Ülle Anton
(1974-12-11) 11 December 1974
Tartu, Estonia |
| Spouse | Lauri Madise |
| Parent |  |
| Alma mater | University of Tartu (LLB; LLM) |
|  | |


title: Biryani Brothers

abstract: Biryani Brothers is a Pakistani pop music duo formed in Lahore in early 2014 by Natasha Noorani (vocals) and Zahra Paracha (guitar). They primarily perform covers of Eastern and Western songs.

text:
# Biryani Brothers

**Biryani Brothers** is a Pakistani pop music duo formed in Lahore in early 2014 by Natasha Noorani (vocals) and Zahra Paracha (guitar). They primarily perform covers of Eastern and Western songs.

## History

Both women are graduates of Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS). Noorani earned a degree in political science and Paracha in sociology-anthropology. They are active contributors to the music society of LUMS. They are the founders of Lahore Music Meet, a music festival held in Lahore each year.

Biryani Brothers have performed at gigs in restaurants and cafes around Lahore. Their first music video was titled "Ikisvi Sadi" which translates to "21st Century", and was directed by Tabish Habib and released in 2018. It pays homage to vintage Pakistani advertisements and television networks. Their second music "Sab Theek Ho Jaye Ga" was released in April 2019. Biryani Brothers have made a cover song of ‘Thinking Heart’ by Poor Rich Boy, a local music band formed by Zain Ahsan and Umer Khan.

Noorani released the single "TRACE" in 2018 featuring Shorbanoor, a Lahore-based songwriter.

1. Abbasi, Sindhu (5 September 2019). "Biryani Brothers are a retro musical duo that isn't afraid to laugh at themselves". *Images*. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
2. Images Staff (2 April 2022). "Singer Natasha Noorani officially ties the knot!". *Images*. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
3. "Biryani Brothers' debut single is a beautiful and nostalgic tribute to doubt and uncertainty". *Mosiki*. 2 July 2018. Archived from the original on 29 August 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
4. "Biryani Brothers". *Border Movement*. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
5. Shaukh, Sadeem (19 January 2016). "Living it up with the 'Biryani Bros' - Youlin Magazine". *Youlin Magazine*. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
6. Baji, Band (3 December 2020). "It's Natasha Noorani's turn to enjoy the spotlight". *Images*. Retrieved 23 April 2022.
7. Habib, Tabish (28 June 2018), *Biryani Brothers – Ikisvi Sadi* (Short, Music), Natasha Noorani, Zahra Paracha, Zain Peerzada, Misbah Uddin, retrieved 5 December 2020
8. "Natasha Noorani releases new single TRACE". *The Nation*. 14 November 2020. Retrieved 5 December 2020.
9. beehype (3 December 2020). "Pakistan: Natasha Noorani – "Trace" feat. Shorbanoor". *beehype – Best Music from Around the World*. Retrieved 5 December 2020.

## InfoBox

| Biryani Brothers | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Lahore, Pakistan |
| Genres | Pop |
| Years active | 2014–present |
|  | |
| Members |  |


title: Morelli M-100

abstract: The Aer-Pegaso M-100 was a single-seat glider designed and built in Italy from 1957.

text:
# Morelli M-100

| External image | |
| --- | --- |
| M-100S “Mesange” | |

The **Aer-Pegaso M-100** was a single-seat glider designed and built in Italy from 1957.

## Development

The **Morelli M-100** was a single-seat sailplane designed in response to a 1956 competition sponsored by the Aero Club d'Italia for a low-cost training glider. The winning design, by Prof. Ing. Piero Morelli, was put into production the following year. As originally designed, the M-100 was of conventional, high-wing sailplane configuration, with a stubby T-tail.

In 1958, the FAI published the new Standard Class rules for sailplanes, and since the M-100 was close to this specification, the design was modified to comply. This involved numerous changes to the wing, including lengthening and thickening the structure, and adding larger and more numerous rotating airbrake segments. The tail unit was revised too, and given a conventional fin. This version was designated the **M-100S**.

The M-100 and M-100S were manufactured by Aeromere, CVT, Avionautica Rio in Italy, and S.A. CARMAM, in France as the **CARMAM M-100S Mésange** (tomtit). Eighty three aircraft were built in Italy and a further 140 at CARMAM in France.

## Variants

Morelli M-100A generic designation for all variants. CVT M-100Prototype and initial production at the *Centro di Volo a Vela del Politecnico di Torino* (CVT) in Turin, in the Ditta Nicolotti & Figli factory in Turin. Morelli M-100SA substantial re-design to comply with new Standard class specifications issued in 1957. Aeromere M-100SThe bulk of production from the Aeromere factory. Avionautica Rio M-100SAlternative production in Italy CARMAM M-100S Mésange (Tomtit)Production at the CARMAM (*Coopérative d'Approvisionnement et de Réparation de Matériel Aéronautique de Moulins*) factory in France, (140 built). Aer-Pegaso M-100SAnother designation for some aircraft built in Italy.

## Specifications (M-100S)

*Data from* The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde Volume II, The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde

**General characteristics**

* **Crew:** 1
* **Length:** 6.56 m (21 ft 6 in)

(**M-100:** 6.7 m (22 ft)) * **Wingspan:** 15 m (49 ft 3 in)

(**M-100:** 14 m (46 ft)) * **Height:** 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in)
* **Wing area:** 13.1 m2 (141 sq ft)

(**M-100:** 14 m2 (150 sq ft))  (**M-100:** 16)  (**M-100:** \- NACA 63-613, **mid**NACA 63-612.3, **tip**NACA 4412) * **Empty weight:** 198 kg (437 lb)

(**M-100:** 155 kg (342 lb)) * **Gross weight:** 315 kg (694 lb)
* **Max takeoff weight:** 315 kg (694 lb)

(**M-100:** 257 kg (567 lb))

**Performance**

* **Stall speed:** 51 km/h (32 mph, 28 kn)
* **Never exceed speed:** 230 km/h (140 mph, 120 kn)

(**M-100:** 180 km/h (110 mph; 97 kn)) * **Rough air speed max:** 140 km/h (87.0 mph; 75.6 kn)
* **Aerotow speed:** 90–150 km/h (55.9–93.2 mph; 48.6–81.0 kn)

(**M-100:** 150 km/h (93 mph; 81 kn)) * **Terminal velocity:** with full airbrakes 190 km/h (118 mph; 103 kn)

(**M-100:** 130 km/h (81 mph; 70 kn)) * **g limits:** +4.5 -2.25 at 126 km/h (78.3 mph; 68.0 kn), +3.38 -0 at 250 km/h (155.3 mph; 135.0 kn)
* **Maximum glide ratio:** 32 at 77 km/h (47.8 mph; 41.6 kn)
* **Rate of sink:** 0.62 m/s (122 ft/min) at 67 km/h (41.6 mph; 36.2 kn)
* **Wing loading:** 24 kg/m2 (4.9 lb/sq ft)

(**M-100:** 21 kg/m2 (4.3 lb/sq ft))

**Related development**

* CVT M-200 two-seat glider designed by Prof. Morelli
* CVT M-300 single-seat glider designed by Prof. Morelli

**Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era**

**Related lists**

### Notes

### Bibliography

* Shenstone, B.S.; K.G. Wilkinson (1958). *The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde* (in English, French, and German) (1st ed.). Zurich: Organisation Scientifique et Technique Internationale du Vol a Voile (OSTIV) and Schweizer Aero-Revue. pp. 151–152.
* Shenstone, B.S.; K.G. Wilkinson (1963). *The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde Volume II* (in English, French, and German) (1st ed.). Zurich: Organisation Scientifique et Technique Internationale du Vol a Voile (OSTIV) and Schweizer Aero-Revue. pp. 140–141.
* Coates, Andrew. *Jane's World Sailplanes & Motor Gliders* new edition. London, Jane's. 1980. ISBN 0-7106-0017-8
* Taylor, J. H. (ed) (1989) *Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation*. Studio Editions: London. p. 29
* Historical Aircraft Group, Italy website

## InfoBox

| M-100 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Type | Glider |
| National origin | Italy |
| Manufacturer | Aeromere, CVT, Avionautica Rio and CARMAM |
| Designer | Alberto & Piero Morelli |
| Number built | 223 |
| History | |
| First flight | 1957 |


title: Phaea marthae

abstract: Phaea marthae is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chemsak in 1977. It is known to be from Mexico.

text:
# Phaea marthae

***Phaea marthae*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chemsak in 1977. It is known to be from Mexico.

## InfoBox

| *Phaea marthae* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Phaea* |
| Species: | ***P. marthae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Phaea marthae***<br>Chemsak, 1977 | |
|


title: John Oliver Brook Hitch

abstract: Colonel John Oliver Brook Hitch was an English architect and a British Army officer who was awarded the Military Cross.

text:
# John Oliver Brook Hitch

Colonel **John Oliver Brook Hitch** (1887 – 15 September 1953) was an English architect and a British Army officer who was awarded the Military Cross.

## Early life

John Oliver Brook Hitch was born in Harleyford Road, Lambeth, London, in 1887 to Nathaniel and Sarah Ann Hitch. His father was an architectural sculptor and mason. John had four sisters according to the 1911 census when the family were living at 60 Harleyford Road, Lambeth.

## Career

Hitch served in the British Army during the First World War, rising to the rank of colonel and being awarded the Military Cross.

In architecture, he designed Shoreham war memorial (opened 1920) in Kent, and the chalk war memorial at Cross Field, Shoreham (opened 1921). He designed the animal clinic at Kilburn, London, which was opened in 1932 and included decorative sculptures by Frederick Brook Hitch.

## Death

Hitch died on 15 September 1953 and is buried at Bells Hill Burial Ground, Chipping Barnet.


title: Matla-ul-fajr

abstract: Matla-ul-fajr is an Iranian VHF 3D radar. It was first seen in military parades. It was stated that Matla-ul-fajr covered the whole Persian Gulf. The range of Matla-ul-Fajr-1 is 300 km and the max altitude is 20,000 m. When fully set up, the height of the system reaches eight meters and it uses 12 "Yagi" antennas installed in two rows. The whole system, containing the antennas, setup instruments, processing, controlling and displaying units, communication devices and power generator are all installed on a trailer to achieve a very good mobility. The radar is also equipped with ECCM to survive in an e-warfare environment. Matla-ul-fajr can use 100 different frequencies in the VHF band to operate in jammed environments. In the same year, a project to enhance the capabilities of radar was started by SAIRAN and Isfahan University of Technology. Production of this model called Matla-ul-fajr 2 was started in 2012. State-owned Mashregh News reported that Matla-ul-fajr 2 is a solid state 3D radar operating in VHF band. Due to the nature of its frequency, it can detect low-Radar cross-section targets such as stealth aircraft and cruise missiles with low accuracy at shorter ranges. The range of the radar is 480 kilometres (300 mi) and it uses two separate channels for detection and is installed on the back of heavy trucks to enhance mobility. This radar won the first place in Kwarazmi International Festival.

text:
# Matla-ul-fajr

**Matla-ul-fajr** (Arabic *مطلع‌الفجر* lit. *Rise of Dawn*) is an Iranian VHF 3D radar. It was first seen in military parades. It was stated that Matla-ul-fajr covered the whole Persian Gulf. The range of Matla-ul-Fajr-1 is 300 km and the max altitude is 20,000 m. When fully set up, the height of the system reaches eight meters and it uses 12 "Yagi" antennas installed in two rows. The whole system, containing the antennas, setup instruments, processing, controlling and displaying units, communication devices and power generator are all installed on a trailer to achieve a very good mobility. The radar is also equipped with ECCM to survive in an e-warfare environment.

Matla-ul-fajr can use 100 different frequencies in the VHF band to operate in jammed environments.

In the same year, a project to enhance the capabilities of radar was started by SAIRAN and Isfahan University of Technology. Production of this model called Matla-ul-fajr 2 was started in 2012.

State-owned Mashregh News reported that Matla-ul-fajr 2 is a solid state 3D radar operating in VHF band. Due to the nature of its frequency, it can detect low-Radar cross-section targets such as stealth aircraft and cruise missiles with low accuracy at shorter ranges. The range of the radar is 480 kilometres (300 mi) and it uses two separate channels for detection and is installed on the back of heavy trucks to enhance mobility. This radar won the first place in Kwarazmi International Festival.

## InfoBox

Matla-ul-fajr
| Packed Matla-ul-Fajr radar in 2012. | |
| --- | --- |
| Country of origin | Iran |
| Type | Early-warning radar |
| Frequency | VHF |
| Range | 480 km |
| Azimuth | 0–90° |
| Power | 4 kW |


title: Hans Ledwinka

abstract: Hans Ledwinka was an Austrian automobile designer.

text:
# Hans Ledwinka

**Hans Ledwinka** (14 February 1878 – 2 March 1967) was an Austrian automobile designer.

## Youth

Ledwinka was born in Klosterneuburg (Lower Austria), near Vienna, then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

He started his career as a mechanic, and later studied in Vienna. As a young man he worked for Nesselsdorfer-Wagenbau in Nesselsdorf, the company that later became Tatra in Moravia. He was first employed in the construction of railroad cars, and later involved in the production of the first cars made by this firm. He designed the 5.3-litre, six-cylinder Type U motor car. In the midst of World War I in May 1916 he accepted directorship at Steyr, initially working at home and moving there permanently in 1917.

## Chief designer at Tatra

Ledwinka returned to Tatra company (originally Nesselsdorfer-Wagenbau) in Kopřivnice (Nesselsdorf), then in Czechoslovakia, and between 1921 and 1937 he was their chief design engineer. He invented the frameless central tubular chassis (so-called "backbone chassis") with swing axles, fully independent suspension and rear-mounted air-cooled flat engine. Another of Ledwinka's major contributions to automobile design was the streamlined car body. Under him, Tatra brought the first mass-produced streamlined cars to market. With his son Erich, who became chief designer at Tatra, Ledwinka and Erich Übelacker, a German engineer also employed by Tatra, designed the streamlined Tatra models T77, T77a, T87, and T97, which had rear-mounted air-cooled engines.

## Volkswagen controversy

Both Adolf Hitler and Ferdinand Porsche were influenced by the Tatras. Hitler was a keen automotive enthusiast, and had ridden in Tatras during political tours of Czechoslovakia. He had also dined numerous times with Hans Ledwinka. After one of these dinners Hitler remarked to Porsche, "This is the car for my roads" while the book *Car Wars*, quotes Hitler as saying it was "the kind of car I want for my highways". In any case, of Ledwinka, Porsche admitted "Well, sometimes I looked over his shoulder and sometimes he looked over mine" while designing the Volkswagen Type 1. There is no doubt that the Type 1 bore a striking resemblance to the earlier Tatra. Tatra launched a lawsuit, but this was stopped when Germany invaded Czechoslovakia. At the same time, Tatra was forced to stop producing the T97. The matter was re-opened after World War II and in 1965 Volkswagen paid Tatra 1,000,000 *Deutsche Marks* in an out-of-court settlement.

## Final years

After WWII Ledwinka was accused of collaboration with the German occupation forces and jailed for five years in Czechoslovakia. After his release in 1951, he refused to work for Tatra, and retired to Munich, Germany where he died in 1967.

## The legacy

In 2007 Hans Ledwinka was inducted in the European Automotive Hall of Fame.

Ledwinka's son Erich, was also a car designer. He designed the unique Haflinger for Steyr-Daimler-Puch, as well as the larger Pinzgauer High Mobility All-Terrain Vehicle. Both utilize tubular chassis and swing portal axles.

Bibliography  * Margolius, Ivan; Henry, John G. (1990). *Tatra – The Legacy of Hans Ledwinka*. Harrow: SAF. ISBN 0-946719-06-3.
* Margolius, Ivan; Henry, John G. (2015). *Tatra - The Legacy of Hans Ledwinka*. Dorchester: Veloce. ISBN 978-1-845847-99-9.

## InfoBox

| Hans Ledwinka | |
| --- | --- |
| Ledwinka in 1942 | |
| Born | (1878-02-14)14 February 1878
Klosterneuburg, Lower Austria, Austro-Hungarian Empire |
| Died | 2 March 1967(1967-03-02) (aged 89)
Munich, West Germany |
| Nationality | Austro-Hungarian, Austrian |
| Occupation | Engineer |
| Children | Erich Ledwinka, Fritz Ledwinka |
| **Engineering career** | |
| Projects | Tatra 11, Tatra 77, Tatra 87, Tatra 97, Tatra 111 |
| Significant design | Backbone chassis, air-cooled engines, swing-axles |
|  | |


title: Mr. Hiccup

abstract: Mr. Hiccup is an animated series created by Italtos Corporation in 1983. The character and initial shorts were initially created by Piero Angela and Bruno Bozzetto and developed into 39 three-minute episodes and several dozen shorts.

text:
# Mr. Hiccup

***Mr. Hiccup*** is an animated series created by Italtos Corporation in 1983. The character and initial shorts were initially created by Piero Angela and Bruno Bozzetto and developed into 39 three-minute episodes and several dozen shorts.

## Plot

The series focuses on the life of Mr. Hiccup, who is a little man with a normal life, a normal job, a normal home, and one not-so-normal problem: chronic hiccups.

## InfoBox

| *Mr. Hiccup* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Created by | Piero Angela and Bruno Bozzetto |
| Opening theme | *Mr. Hiccup Always Has the Hiccups* |
| No. of episodes | 39 |
| Production | |
| Running time | 3 minutes (approx.) |
| Original release | |
| Release | 1983 (1983) <br>1984 (1984) |


title: Munich Waldfriedhof

abstract: The Munich Waldfriedhof is one of 29 cemeteries of Munich in Bavaria, Germany. It is one of the largest and most famous burial sites of the city, known for its park-like design and tombs of notable personalities. The Waldfriedhof is considered the first woodland cemetery.

text:
# Munich Waldfriedhof

The **Munich Waldfriedhof** is one of 29 cemeteries of Munich in Bavaria, Germany. It is one of the largest and most famous burial sites of the city, known for its park-like design and tombs of notable personalities. The Waldfriedhof is considered the first woodland cemetery.

## Description

The Munich Waldfriedhof is located in the southwest and borders several city districts today. It is separated in two sections, the old part and the new part (German: *Alter Teil* and *Neuer Teil*, respectively). It holds almost 60,000 graves. The Waldfriedhof is open every day from 8am and closes between 5pm and 8pm depending on the season. During the warmer months of the year the city arranges guided tours. The cemetery is connected to the public transport system MVV by several bus lines. Access to the graves by car is very limited. The cemetery borders the beginning of the Autobahn A95 in the south as well as other major roads in the north and east.

The cemetery is known for the Italian Military Cemetery (Italian: *Cimitero Militare Italiano*) in the new part (German: *Neuer Teil*) with 3.249 graves of Italian soldiers, 1,789 of the First World War and 1.459 of the Second World War. Built in 1922, its purpose was to remember those who died in Germany during both World Wars.

## History

The *Münchner Waldfriedhof* as it is called in German was designed by the architect Hans Grässel and opened in 1907. From 1963 to 1966 the cemetery was enlarged by the architect Prof. Ludwig Römer.

The cemetery is one of a series of cemeteries in Munich planned by Grässel at about the same timepoint. The leaders of the city had not been fond of the idea of one huge main cemetery when the old burial sites became too small. Thus Grässel was instructed to plan four new cemeteries, one in each cardinal direction. The Waldfriedhof was created at a time when most cemeteries were designed as city parks or recreational parks. Typical themes of such cemeteries were "the City of the Dead" or "the Paradise Garden". As the new cemeteries were mostly located in the outskirts of cities rather than in churchyards, and the importance of the church was diminishing, they were relatively profane in character. To regain some symbolic strength, Grässel used influences from early Christian and Byzantine architecture in his funeral chapels and other buildings on the cemetery. He also put the burial chapel in the forest, rather than displaying it at the side of the avenue. Grässel kept the trees growing in the area, letting the woods cover tombs in order to create a feeling of connection between nature and death rather than letting the individual monuments be the main feature of the cemetery.

The themes and ideas from the Munich Waldfriedhof became popular in Germany in the upcoming decades and were used in several similar *Waldfriedhöfe* (woodland cemeteries) elsewhere. The Munich Waldfriedhof was also a very important predecessor of Skogskyrkogården outside Stockholm, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

## Selection of interred people

Notable burials include:

* Official Homepage of the Waldfriedhof (in German)
* Constant, Caroline, 1994: *The Woodland Cemetery* (chapter 1). Byggförlaget 1994, ISBN 91-7988-060-6

## InfoBox

| Munich Waldfriedhof | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Details | |
| Established | 1907 |
| Location | Munich |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 48°06′10″N 11°29′37″E / 48.102778°N 11.493611°E / 48.102778; 11.493611 |
| Type | Woodland cemetery<br>Public |
| No. of graves | 60,000 |


title: Harris v Watson

abstract: Harris v. Watson was a 1791 case regarding sailors' wages. The plaintiff was a seaman on board the ship Alexander, of which the defendant was master and commander. The Alexander was bound on a voyage to Lisbon, and whilst the ship was on her voyage the defendant, in consideration that the plaintiff would perform some extra work in navigating the ship, promised to pay him five guineas over and above his common wages. The plaintiff proved that the ship had been in danger and that the commander, to induce the seamen to exert themselves had made the promise stated in the declaration. The issue was whether the reformation of the contract was enforceable. The reformation of the contract to provide extra wages in exchange for extra work under exigent circumstances was not enforceable for public policy reasons. If such an agreement were enforceable it would enable sailors to act opportunistically while at sea. Lord Kenyon at 103: If this action was to be supported, it would materially affect the navigation of this kingdom. It has been long since determined, that when the freight is lost, the wages are also lost. This rule was founded on a principle of policy, for if sailors were in all events to have their wages, and in times of danger entitled to insist on an extra charge on such a promise as this, they would in many cases suffer a ship to sink, unless the captain would pay any extravagant demand they might think proper to make.

text:
# Harris v Watson

***Harris v. Watson*** was a 1791 case regarding sailors' wages.

The plaintiff was a seaman on board the ship Alexander, of which the defendant was master and commander. The Alexander was bound on a voyage to Lisbon, and whilst the ship was on her voyage the defendant, in consideration that the plaintiff would perform some extra work in navigating the ship, promised to pay him five guineas over and above his common wages. The plaintiff proved that the ship had been in danger and that the commander, to induce the seamen to exert themselves had made the promise stated in the declaration.

The issue was whether the reformation of the contract was enforceable.

The reformation of the contract to provide extra wages in exchange for extra work under exigent circumstances was not enforceable for public policy reasons. If such an agreement were enforceable it would enable sailors to act opportunistically while at sea.

Lord Kenyon at 103:

If this action was to be supported, it would materially affect the navigation of this kingdom. It has been long since determined, that when the freight is lost, the wages are also lost. This rule was founded on a principle of policy, for if sailors were in all events to have their wages, and in times of danger entitled to insist on an extra charge on such a promise as this, they would in many cases suffer a ship to sink, unless the captain would pay any extravagant demand they might think proper to make.

*This article incorporates text from* Harris v. Watson*, a publication from 1791, now in the public domain in the United States.*

## InfoBox

| Harris v Watson | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Court | King's Bench Division |
| Decided | 1791 |
| Citation | (1791) Peake 102. |
| Court membership | |
| Judge sitting | Lord Kenyon |
| Keywords | |
| Consideration, Public Policy | |


title: Morellia podagrica

abstract: Morellia podagrica is a fly from the family Muscidae.

text:
# Morellia podagrica

***Morellia podagrica*** is a fly from the family Muscidae.

## InfoBox

| *Morellia podagrica* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Muscidae |
| Tribe: | Muscini |
| Genus: | *Morellia* |
| Species: | ***M. podagrica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Morellia podagrica***<br>(Loew, 1857) | |
|


title: Phaea mankinsi

abstract: Phaea mankinsi is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chemsak and Linsley in 1979. It is known from Honduras and Guatemala.

text:
# Phaea mankinsi

***Phaea mankinsi*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Chemsak and Linsley in 1979. It is known from Honduras and Guatemala.

## InfoBox

| *Phaea mankinsi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Phaea* |
| Species: | ***P. mankinsi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Phaea mankinsi***<br>Chemsak & Linsley, 1979 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Tetraopes mankinsi* Chemsak & Linsley, 1979 | |


title: John Oliver Halstead Pitney

abstract: John Oliver Halstead Pitney was an American lawyer from New Jersey.

text:
# John Oliver Halstead Pitney

**John Oliver Halstead Pitney** (April 14, 1860 – October 6, 1928) was an American lawyer from New Jersey.

## Early life and education

Born in Morristown, New Jersey to Henry Cooper and Sarah Louise (Halsted) Pitney, Pitney was "a member of one of New Jersey's oldest families", described by Kim Isaac Eisler as a New Jersey blue-blood. His great-grandfather Henry Cooper Pitney served in the American Revolutionary War. Pitney's father and his older brother Mahlon Pitney were also lawyers; Mahlon eventually served on the United States Supreme Court.

Pitney attended the Morris Academy, and received a B.A. from Princeton University in 1881 followed by an M.A. from the same institution in 1884. He was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. He read law under his father and gained admission to the bar in New Jersey at the June term of 1884 as an attorney, and three years later as a counselor.

## Career

Establishing himself in Newark, he partnered with Frederick H. Heese for the first ten years of his practice. In 1902, he and John R. Hardin founded the law firm of Pitney & Hardin, later Pitney Hardin and Ward, in Newark; his brother Mahlon also worked at the firm for a time, and has sometimes been incorrectly credited as a founder. According to Eisler, the firm's clients included "some of the most notoriously antilabor corporations in the state", and because of its strike-breaking work it was known in the labor movement as "Pluck'em, Hook'em and Sink'em".

Pitney was elected to the Board of the United Electric Company of New Jersey in March 1901 and also served at various times as a director of the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company and the American Insurance Company and a Trustee of Princeton University. He was described as "an earnest Republican" who refused official positions on grounds of lack of time; beginning in August 1917, he served as Chairman of the District Board for the Second Division of New Jersey under the War Department's administration of the Selective Service Law.

Pitney published a book about the history of his family in 1925. The University of Chicago holds a letter to Pitney from William Howard Taft, accepting an invitation to attend a celebration of the birth of George Washington.

## Personal life and death

On January 16, 1890, Pitney married Roberta A. Ballantine of Newark. They had two children, John B., born in 1892, and Robert H., born in 1907.

Pitney died of a heart attack at his home in Newark at the age of 68, following a period of poor health.

## InfoBox

| John Oliver Halstead Pitney | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1860-04-14)April 14, 1860
Morristown, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Died | October 6, 1928(1928-10-06) (aged 68)
Newark, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Education | Princeton University |
| Known for | Founder of Pitney Hardin |


title: Matla Power Station

abstract: Matla Power Station in Mpumalanga, South Africa, is a coal-fired power plant operated by Eskom and consuming the output from the Matla coal mine.

text:
# Matla Power Station

**Matla Power Station** in Mpumalanga, South Africa, is a coal-fired power plant operated by Eskom and consuming the output from the Matla coal mine.

## History

Construction started in 1974, and the last unit was commissioned in July 1983. In 1981, the southernmost smokestack measuring 276 metres (906 ft) in height was demolished after it partially collapsed during construction, killing 4 workers. It held the world record for the tallest free standing structure to be explosively demolished for 24 years until the 2006 demolition of the 300 metres (980 ft) Westerholt Power Station chimney.

The actual explosion was also used in a gag in Jamie Uys' Funny People 2, where an electrician is instructed to do some wiring and is warned that improper connection will cause the stack to explode.

## InfoBox

| Matla Power Station | |
| --- | --- |
| Location of Matla Power Station in South Africa | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Location | Mpumalanga |
| Coordinates | 26°16′57″S 29°8′27″E / 26.28250°S 29.14083°E / -26.28250; 29.14083 |
| Commission date | 1983 |
| Owners | Eskom |
| Operators |  |
| Thermal power station | |
| Primary fuel |  |
| Power generation | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Units operational | 6 |
| Nameplate capacity | 3,600 Megawatt |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |


title: Hans Laternser

abstract: Hans Laternser was a German lawyer who specialised in Anglo-Saxon law. In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, that made him especially qualified to defend Germans prosecuted for war crimes by the Allied military tribunals, including the High Command Trial. He had represented several defendants at the Nuremberg Trials, such as former Field Marshals Albert Kesselring and Erich von Manstein. Laternser played a prominent role in the High Command Trial, one of the Subsequent Nuremberg Trials, a series of court proceedings held in front of the United States military tribunals. He represented Wilhelm von Leeb, a former field marshal who had been in command of Army Group North during the invasion of the Soviet Union, Operation Barbarossa. Laternser acted as the de facto lead defence counsel for the entire group of defendants, who were former high-ranking personnel in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany. Often representing other parties in matters of procedure, Laternser defended the overall "decency" of the German officer corps, which Laternser interpreted to have displayed respect for the laws of war. The defence attributed the actions of the German military towards civilians, hostages and partisans to battle conditions and military necessity. Addressing the criminal orders Leeb and other defendants had passed on, Laternser claimed that Leeb was a humane soldier who had neither seen nor transmitted such orders and had no opportunity to countermand them. He claimed that Leeb knew nothing of the activities of the Einsatzgruppen, the mobile SS death squads that were tasked with the murder of Jews, communists and Soviet prisoners-of-war in his area of command. Laternser further claimed that Leeb had had no jurisdiction to stop the death squads even if he had known about them.

text:
# Hans Laternser

**Hans Laternser** (3 August 1908 in Diedenhofen – 21 July 1969 in Frankfurt am Main) was a German lawyer who specialised in Anglo-Saxon law. In the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, that made him especially qualified to defend Germans prosecuted for war crimes by the Allied military tribunals, including the High Command Trial. He had represented several defendants at the Nuremberg Trials, such as former Field Marshals Albert Kesselring and Erich von Manstein.

Laternser played a prominent role in the High Command Trial, one of the Subsequent Nuremberg Trials, a series of court proceedings held in front of the United States military tribunals. He represented Wilhelm von Leeb, a former field marshal who had been in command of Army Group North during the invasion of the Soviet Union, Operation Barbarossa. Laternser acted as the de facto lead defence counsel for the entire group of defendants, who were former high-ranking personnel in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany. Often representing other parties in matters of procedure, Laternser defended the overall "decency" of the German officer corps, which Laternser interpreted to have displayed respect for the laws of war.

The defence attributed the actions of the German military towards civilians, hostages and partisans to battle conditions and military necessity. Addressing the criminal orders Leeb and other defendants had passed on, Laternser claimed that Leeb was a humane soldier who had neither seen nor transmitted such orders and had no opportunity to countermand them. He claimed that Leeb knew nothing of the activities of the *Einsatzgruppen*, the mobile SS death squads that were tasked with the murder of Jews, communists and Soviet prisoners-of-war in his area of command. Laternser further claimed that Leeb had had no jurisdiction to stop the death squads even if he had known about them.


title: Mr. Harrison's Confessions

abstract: Mr. Harrison’s Confessions is an 1851 extended story by Elizabeth Gaskell about a doctor in a small English country town, benefitting from familiarity with the work of a general practitioner in Gaskell's own family. Episodes from the story and other works were adapted into the 2007 television series based on her novel Cranford.

text:
# Mr. Harrison's Confessions

***Mr. Harrison’s Confessions*** is an 1851 extended story by Elizabeth Gaskell about a doctor in a small English country town, benefitting from familiarity with the work of a general practitioner in Gaskell's own family. Episodes from the story and other works were adapted into the 2007 television series based on her novel *Cranford*.

## Plot

Upon completing his studies at Guy's Hospital, Frank Harrison is invited by Mr Morgan, an old friend of his father, to join Morgan's medical practice in the small country town of Duncombe. Impressed by being welcomed with enquiries about his welfare as soon as he arrives, Harrison soon learns that the main occupation of the town is gossip. Of this Mr Morgan had already availed himself in order to establish the status of his young partner, knowing that the smallest hints will be magnified with each telling.

Under Mr Morgan's instruction, Harrison is advised on professional behaviour and how to blend into the town’s conservative lifestyle. When he rents a house, Mr Morgan arranges for Mrs Rose, the widow of a neighbouring surgeon, to come and act as housekeeper. But there are ups and downs during the course of the joint practice. Neither doctor is able to save the life of the vicar's little boy from dying of croup; but when the gardener John Brouncker injures his wrist and is threatened with amputation, Harrison stands up to Mr Morgan and insists on a treatment that saves Brouncker's arm. Although Harrison's reputation increases among most villagers as a result, during the course of the dispute he had made an enemy of Miss Horsman, the town's most interfering and malicious gossip.

The turning point in Harrison's affairs begins when he is visited by his friend Jack Marshland, who lets out indiscreet details about his past and compounds the mischief by making it appear that Harrison is secretly in love with Caroline Tomkinson, a patient approaching middle age. At the same time Mrs Bullock, the attorney's wife, is trying to force her step-daughter Jemima on Harrison, while Mrs Rose misinterprets a conversation with him as a declaration of love. The growing rumours destroy Harrison's standing and he is denied entry to Mr Hutton the vicar's house, with whose daughter Sophy he is really in love.

All these complications are brought to a swift and melodramatic end after Sophy is sent away from home and returns dangerously ill. Only Harrison's intervention procures the medicine that cures her. Mrs Rose and Caroline Tomkinson find alternative husbands, while Jack Marshland confesses to his mischievousness and starts to court Jemima Bullock. Some time after Harrison and Sophy are married, another friend comes to stay with him and persuades Harrison to relate his story.

## Publication and reception

*Mr Harrison's Confessions*, a long story in 31 sections, was first given magazine publication in the *Ladies' Companion* in 1851 and the following year in *Godey’s Lady’s Book* in the U.S. Its first book publication was in the volume *Lizzie Leigh: And Other Tales* (1855) in the Collection of British Authors series and thereafter the story appeared in other such compilations and omnibus editions of Mrs Gaskell's works.

The story's small town setting has been identified with Knutsford, where Gaskell spent her early years. This was also the model for *Cranford*, the first episodes from which were appearing in *Household Words* at the end of the year in which *Mr Harrison's Confessions* was published. But the realistic medical details there had been learned from her uncle, Peter Holland, who had a London practice. Such a background adds to the story's comedy of manners an insight into the uncertain social status of the medical profession at the time. Mr Morgan emphasises a gentlemanly bedside manner as its defining sign while Harrison insists on the necessity of keeping pace with the latest scientific advances in treatment. The evident results are so much his vindication that Morgan ultimately confesses apologetically to having been "an old fool".

That Gaskell was delving into her youthful memories for her story, a process begun with her humorous magazine article "The Last Generation in England" (1849), is suggested by details within it. Harrison arrives in Dunscombe by coach and has to ride over to the neighbouring Chesterton for a rail connection to London. More indicative is Harrison's supposed association in London with the royal surgeon Sir Astley Cooper, who was appointed to that position in 1828 and had died in 1841, a decade before the story was published.

The link with *Cranford* was made explicit in the 20th century, usually while deprecating the story's quality by comparison. In a *History of the English Novel* it is judged a "coarser example of the *Cranford* manner" in which "the comedy degenerates into downright farce, the mere drollery of a magazine story." A later commentator finds in it "a precursor and preview to its famous cousin *Cranford*", but one that is "by no means a perfectly crafted story". It has also been located as occurring "at a pivotal moment of recollection" which led from "the semi-factual reporting of her earlier "The Last Generation in England"" via her story *Mr Harrison's Confession* to its final transmutation into the novel.

The culmination of such perceptions came when episodes drawn from these precursors, and from the later novella *My Lady Ludlow*, were combined in the five-part television series based on *Cranford*, first broadcast in 2007.

* *Mr. Harrison's Confessions*, online text
* *Mr. Harrison's Confessions* public domain audiobook at LibriVox
* Ernest Albert Baker, The History of the English Novel, vol.8, (New York, 1950)
* Marie Fitzwilliam, "Mr Harrison's Confessions": A Study of the General Practitioner's Social and Professional Disease in Mid-Nineteenth Century England, The Gaskell Society Journal, vol.12 (1998), pp. 28–36
* Uglow, Jenny (3 November 2007). "Band of women". *The Guardian*. Retrieved 6 November 2007.


title: Wólka Tarnowska, Lublin Voivodeship

abstract: Wólka Tarnowska is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wierzbica, within Chełm County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-west of Wierzbica, 22 km (14 mi) north-west of Chełm, and 50 km (31 mi) east of the regional capital Lublin.

text:
# Wólka Tarnowska, Lublin Voivodeship

**Wólka Tarnowska** \[ˈvulka tarˈnɔfska\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wierzbica, within Chełm County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-west of Wierzbica, 22 km (14 mi) north-west of Chełm, and 50 km (31 mi) east of the regional capital Lublin.

## InfoBox

| Wólka Tarnowska | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Wólka Tarnowska | |
| Coordinates: 51°18′N 23°17′E / 51.300°N 23.283°E / 51.300; 23.283 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lublin |
| County | Chełm |
| Gmina | Wierzbica |
| Population | |
| Total | 160 |


title: Needlz

abstract: Khari Cain, professionally known as Needlz, is an American record producer and songwriter.

text:
# Needlz

**Khari Cain** (born April 19, 1978), professionally known as **Needlz**, is an American record producer and songwriter.

## Early life and career

Cain was born on April 19, 1978, in Lansing, Michigan. He began to DJ while an undergraduate in Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University and Florida State University. He majored in the graduate music business program at New York University's Steinhardt School and originally intended to pursue a career in artist and repertoire (A&R). After attaining an internship with Bad Boy Records, he was inspired to begin a career in record production. With the help of A&R Folayan Knight, Needlz associated with Black Entertainment Television (BET) and MTV and created theme songs for *Rap City* and *Suckafree Sundays*, respectively. Fellow record producer Swizz Beatz assisted Needlz to "exposure" by collaborating in album production, including Cassidy's *I'm a Hustla* and Swizz Beatz *One Man Band Man*.

## Production style

Needlz chiefly produces songs in the hip hop genre. He describes his style as "an oxymoron: clean and dirty at the same time". He uses Akai MPC2000XL and Pro Tools to produce beats and utilizes Kurzweil K2661 and the Roland MKS-80 for synthesizers. He has endorsed the Native Instruments Maschine.

## Production discography

| Year | Title | Artist | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2001 | "We Don't Give a Fuck"
"Gonna Be Sumthin'" | Ruff Ryders | *Ryde or Die Vol. 3: In the "R" We Trust* |
|
| 2002 | "Miss You" | Afu-Ra | *Life Force Radio* |
| 2003 | "Gangsta Shit" | G-Unit | *Beg for Mercy* |
| | "Keep It Hot" | Mic Geronimo | *Long Road Back* |
| | "Think Y'all Know" | Fabolous | *More Street Dreams, Pt. 2: The Mixtape* |
| |  | Various artists | *Sequence Mixtape, Vol. 1* |
| | "Good God Almighty" | Nappy Roots | *Wooden Leather* |
| 2004 | "Put Your Drinks Down" | Drag-On | *Hell and Back* |
| | "Pass Out" | Ludacris | *The Red Light District* |
| | "Mein Song" | Max Herre | *Max Herre* |
| | "Bang Bang"
"Let Me In" | Young Buck | *Straight Outta Cashville* |
| 2005 | "No Need for Conversation" | Fabolous | *Coach Carter* soundtrack |
| | "Beauty Queen" | Czar\*Nok | |
| | "Special" | The Game | *The Documentary* |
| | "Piggy Bank"
"God Gave Me Style" | 50 Cent | *The Massacre* |
| | "Crack" | Cassidy | *I'm a Hustla* |
| | "Throw It Back" | Trina | *Glamorest Life* |
| | "No No No" | Kool Savas & Azad | *One* |
| | "Drugs, Basket Ball, & Rap" | Talib Kweli | *Right About Now: The Official Sucka Free Mix CD* |
| | "Put Ya Hands Up" | Norfclk | *Ludacris Presents: Disturbing tha Peace* |
| |  | Young Buck | *Let Me In EP* |
| | "Stopp die Party"
"Zähl mein Geld" | Afrob | *Hammer* |
| 2006 | "The Pen and the Needlz" | Lupe Fiasco | *Fahrenheit 1/15, Part I (The Truth Is Among Us)* (Mixtape) |
| | "Tilted" | | *Kick Push CD Single* |
| | "Hurt Me Soul" | | *Lupe Fiasco's Food & Liquor* |
| | "Floating" | Megan Rochell | *You, Me and the Radio* (Unreleased) |
| | "Serius"
"Life In The City"
"Ride Out" | Serius Jones | *King Me* (Mixtape) |
| | | "Grind Mode" | Non-Album Track |
| | "Get Clapped" | Lloyd Banks | *Rotten Apple* |
| | "Here We Go Again"
"Shake the Room" | Jaley | *Jaley* |
| | "Born and Raised" | Dave Chappelle | *Dave Chappelle's Block Party* soundtrack |
| | "Hey Babe (Give Me Ya Lovin')" | Shareefa | *Point of No Return* |
| | "Grind Boy" | Smitty | *The Voice Of The Ghetto* |
| | "Turnt Out" | Diego Redd | *Gettin Money. Gettin Paid. a Hustler's Story* (Mixtape) |
| | "Raised In The Mitten" | P.L. | *Without Warning Vol.2* (Mixtape) |
| 2007 | "Get Away" | Ria | *"R. Kive" 1996–2006* |
| | "Gangsta (Interlude)" | Rich Boy | *Rich Boy* |
| | "Bust Ya Gunz" | Swizz Beatz | *One Man Band Man* |
| | "Slow Down" | Tage | *The Jerk Vol 0* (Mixtape) |
| | "Nuttin' On Me" | Freeway | *Free at Last* |
| | "My Life" | Joe Budden | *Mood Muzik 3.5* |
| 2009 | "Diesel" | Freeway | *Month of Madness* (Mixtape) |
| | "One 4 The Treble"
"Get Dirty" | Ralph Dogg | *Reckless* |
| | "How You Like Me Now"
"What Money Sounds Like"
"Gangsta Shit (Evasocold Mix)"
"Tear It Up" | Archie Eversole | *Back Like I Never Left* (Mixtape) |
| | "We Miss You" | Busta Rhymes | *Back on My B.S.* |
| | "Intro" | Serius Jones | *Why So Serius* (Mixtape) |
| | "The Necessary Evils" | Skyzoo | *The Salvation* |
| | "Walk These Streets" | Rakim | *The Seventh Seal* |
| | "Help! (I Been Robbed)" | Serius Jones | *Life Is Serius* (TBR) |
| | "Letter to B.I.G." | Jadakiss | *The Last Kiss* |
| | "I'm Goin' In" | Drake | *So Far Gone* |
| | "Hands 2 Myself" | Russell Taylor | *Confessional* |
| | "Gone" | Donnis | *10.Deep Presents: Diary of an ATL Brave* |
| | "Baggage Claim" | 88-Keys | non-album track |
| "Why Would She? (Needlz Remix)" | Stack Bundles | *GuessWhyld Presents: Out The Vault* |
| 2010 | "One 4 The Treble"
"Get Dirty" | Ralph Dog | *Reckless* |
| | "Dome Shotz" | Minacci featuring Young Buck | *5 Mics* |
| | "Maybe Baby" | Donnis | *The Invitation* (Mixtape) |
| | | "OD" | *Fashionably Late* (Sampler) |
| | "Greatest Trapper Alive" | Young Jeezy | *Trap or Die 2: By All Means Necessary* |
| | "Yup"
"Eat You Alive"
"Lighting" (co-produced)
"For The Kill" (co-produced) | Donnis | *Fashionably Late* (Mixtape) |
| | "The Overdose"
"On Da Korner" | Pill | *1140: The Overdose (Mixtape)* |
| | "The Beginning" (co-producer) | Stat Quo | *Statlanta* |
| | "Just The Way You Are" (keyboard and drum programming, strings by Needlz) | Bruno Mars | *Doo-Wops & Hooligans* |
| | "She & H.E.R.", "Suicide ediciuS", "Stars" (co-produced) | John Regan | *Sorry I'm Late* |
| | "Reflections" | Pill | *The Medicine* |
| | "Right To Say" | Emilio Rojas | *Life Without Shame* (Mixtape) |
| 2011 | "Till I Get There" | Lupe Fiasco | *Lasers* |
| | "Oh No" | Big Perm | *Reign Delay* (Mixtape) |
| 2012 | "It's All On Me" | Pill | *The Epidemic* |
| 2013 | "YOLO" | The Lonely Island | *The Wack Album* |
| 2015 | "Oui" (keyboard programming) | Jeremih | *Late Nights* |
| 2016 | "Selfish (PnB Rock song)" (keyboard and drum programming, bass by Needlz) | PnB Rock | *GTTM: Going Thru the Motions* |
| 2017 | "Jussa Lil Bih" | Musiq Soulchild | *Feel the Real* |
| 2018 | "Ring"
(featuring Kehlani) | Cardi B | *Invasion of Privacy* |
| | "You" | Nicole Bus | *TBA* |

## InfoBox

| Needlz | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Khari Cain |
| Born | (1978-04-19) April 19, 1978
Lansing, Michigan, U.S. |
| Genres | Hip hop |
| Occupations | * Record producer * songwriter |
| Years active | 2001–present |
| Labels | Dry Rain Entertainment |


title: Mota, Ethiopia

abstract: Mota is a town in northwest Ethiopia. It is located in the Misraq Gojjam Zone of the Amhara Region on the secondary road that links Dejen with Bahir Dar overlooking the Abay River. The town has a latitude and longitude of 11°5′N 37°52′E with an elevation of 2,487 meters above sea level. One local landmark is Sebara Dildiy or "the Broken Bridge", a stone footbridge built during the reign of Emperor Fasilides in the mid 17th century. Another landmark is the church of Weyzazirt Kidhane Mihret, which was constructed by Woizero Seble Wengel, the daughter of Emperor Fasilides. She and her husband are buried there.

text:
# Mota, Ethiopia

**Mota** (Amharic: ሞጣ) is a town in northwest Ethiopia. It is located in the Misraq Gojjam Zone of the Amhara Region on the secondary road that links Dejen with Bahir Dar overlooking the Abay River. The town has a latitude and longitude of 11°5′N 37°52′E / 11.083°N 37.867°E / 11.083; 37.867 with an elevation of 2,487 meters above sea level.

One local landmark is Sebara Dildiy or "the Broken Bridge", a stone footbridge built during the reign of Emperor Fasilides in the mid 17th century. Another landmark is the church of Weyzazirt Kidhane Mihret, which was constructed by Woizero Seble Wengel, the daughter of Emperor Fasilides. She and her husband are buried there.

## History

### 19th Century

Due to the presence of Sebara Dildiy, one of only two bridges across the Abay River until the late 19th century, Mota became a major commercial center, described by at least one group of European travellers as "the most considerable market" in Gojjam; it attracted merchants from as far away as Begemder, Gondar and Tigray. To reinstate the commerce prior to the bridge being broken, an organization named Bridges to Prosperity is building a 100-meter suspended pedestrian bridge to provide safe access Those crossing the river are able to obtain cotton cloth, cattle, and horses. Likewise, Mota was the seat of an important royal fiefdom during the Gondarine period, and a notable place for asylum in the early 19th century.

The artist Aleqa Elyas Hailu, believed to be Ethiopia's first foreign-trained artist, was born in Mota around 1861. He worked mostly in Shewa where he decorated manuscripts and many churches, although he also decorated one in his native town. His son Aleqa Gebre Ezgziabher Elyas was a man of literature, writing the Royal Chronicle of Lij Iyasu and the Empress Zewditu.

### 20th Century

During the 1930s, its market day was on Thursday. During the East African Campaign, units of Gideon Force managed to bluff the Italian garrison into surrendering 24 April 1941. After the war, Mota was the administrative center of the Mota *awraja* or district, which was one of the hotspots of the Gojjam peasant revolt in 1968.

### 21st Century

In October 2009, zonal officials announced that construction of 47-km road connecting Mota and Digua Tsion had begun, with a budget of over 147 million Birr and completion expected by September 2010.

## Demographics

Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2007, this town has an estimated total population of 26,177 of whom 13,331 were male and 12,846 female. The 1994 census reported this town had a total population of 18,160 of whom 8,218 were male and 9,942 were female. It is the largest of three settlements in Hulet Ej Enese woreda.

## InfoBox

| Mota | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| MotaLocation in EthiopiaMotaMota (Africa) | |
| Coordinates: 11°5′N 37°52′E / 11.083°N 37.867°E / 11.083; 37.867 | |
| Country | Ethiopia |
| Region | Amhara |
| Zone | Misraq Gojjam |
| Elevation | 2,487 m (8,159 ft) |
| Population (2007) | |
| Total | 26,177 |
| Estimate (2021) | 56,156 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (EAT) |


title: Phaea miniata

abstract: Phaea miniata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1858. It is known from Venezuela and Mexico.

text:
# Phaea miniata

***Phaea miniata*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1858. It is known from Venezuela and Mexico.

## InfoBox

| *Phaea miniata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Phaea* |
| Species: | ***P. miniata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Phaea miniata***<br>Pascoe, 1858 | |
|


title: John Marshall (MP for Leeds)

abstract: John Marshall was an English politician, the Member of Parliament for Leeds (1832–1835). He was the second son of the wealthy industrialist John Marshall who introduced major innovations in flax spinning and built the celebrated Marshall's Mill and Temple Works in Leeds, West Yorkshire. His eldest brother William was MP for Beverley, Carlisle and East Cumberland and his next younger brother James Garth was a later MP for Leeds. The fourth brother, Henry Cowper, was Mayor of Leeds in 1842–1843. A sister, Julia Anne Elliott, was a hymnwriter. Marshall married Mary Dykes, daughter of Joseph Ballantyne Dykes from Cockermouth, Cumbria, and they had five children. Their youngest son Julian was a noted music and print collector and writer.

text:
# John Marshall (MP for Leeds)

**John Marshall** (28 December 1797 – 31 October 1836) was an English politician, the Member of Parliament for Leeds (1832–1835). He was the second son of the wealthy industrialist John Marshall who introduced major innovations in flax spinning and built the celebrated Marshall's Mill and Temple Works in Leeds, West Yorkshire. His eldest brother William was MP for Beverley, Carlisle and East Cumberland and his next younger brother James Garth was a later MP for Leeds. The fourth brother, Henry Cowper, was Mayor of Leeds in 1842–1843. A sister, Julia Anne Elliott, was a hymnwriter.

Marshall married Mary Dykes, daughter of Joseph Ballantyne Dykes from Cockermouth, Cumbria, and they had five children. Their youngest son Julian was a noted music and print collector and writer.


title: Matla River

abstract: Matla River forms a wide estuary in and around the Sundarbans in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The main stream of the Matla River is divided into two arms near Purandar. One passes through Kultali-Garanbose and then passes through the Sundarbans. The other passes through Basanti, Pathankhali, Surjyaberia, Masjidbati and then meets Bidyadhari River. Lateral connections of the Matla system on the west are Belladonna River, Kultala River, the Piyali-Nabipukur River, the Bainchapi Khal, the Kaikalmari River, the Suia River, the Dulibhasani Gang, and the Gokhaltali Gang, On the eastern side the main connections with the Gosaba and Raimangal systems are more intricate and many of the channels are yet to be named. The important channels in this belt are Rupkhali Khal, Pathankhali Nadi, Pirkhali Nadi, Gazikhali Khal, Panchmukhani Khal, Mayanadi Khal, Mayadip River, Bhangaduni River, Kalindi River, Kalgachia River, Raimangal River, Jhilla River, Gonna River, and the Harinbhanga River. An abortive attempt was made to establish Port Canning on the Matla in 1860s. About 300,000 pilgrims take a dip at the confluence of the Adi Ganga and Matla rivers at South Bishnupur village on Makar Sankranti day. During the monsoons the Matla becomes so turbulent that it becomes impossible for boats to ferry people. At the same time, the Matla has become so silted that during the dry season boats cannot come near the jetties and have to be stationed 460 metres (500 yd) from the jetty. Long stretches of the Matla have embankments to protect villages in the surrounding areas from flooding. A 644-metre (2,113 ft) road bridge across the Matla, was inaugurated by Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, former Chief Minister of West Bengal, in January 2011. It links Canning with Basanti. The bridge is located at 22°18′20″N 88°40′46″E.

text:
# Matla River

**Matla River** forms a wide estuary in and around the Sundarbans in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

The main stream of the Matla River is divided into two arms near Purandar. One passes through Kultali-Garanbose and then passes through the Sundarbans. The other passes through Basanti, Pathankhali, Surjyaberia, Masjidbati and then meets Bidyadhari River.

Lateral connections of the Matla system on the west are Belladonna River, Kultala River, the Piyali-Nabipukur River, the Bainchapi Khal, the Kaikalmari River, the Suia River, the Dulibhasani Gang, and the Gokhaltali Gang, On the eastern side the main connections with the Gosaba and Raimangal systems are more intricate and many of the channels are yet to be named. The important channels in this belt are Rupkhali Khal, Pathankhali Nadi, Pirkhali Nadi, Gazikhali Khal, Panchmukhani Khal, Mayanadi Khal, Mayadip River, Bhangaduni River, Kalindi River, Kalgachia River, Raimangal River, Jhilla River, Gonna River, and the Harinbhanga River.

An abortive attempt was made to establish Port Canning on the Matla in 1860s.

About 300,000 pilgrims take a dip at the confluence of the Adi Ganga and Matla rivers at South Bishnupur village on Makar Sankranti day.

During the monsoons the Matla becomes so turbulent that it becomes impossible for boats to ferry people. At the same time, the Matla has become so silted that during the dry season boats cannot come near the jetties and have to be stationed 460 metres (500 yd) from the jetty. Long stretches of the Matla have embankments to protect villages in the surrounding areas from flooding.

A 644-metre (2,113 ft) road bridge across the Matla, was inaugurated by Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee, former Chief Minister of West Bengal, in January 2011. It links Canning with Basanti. The bridge is located at 22°18′20″N 88°40′46″E / 22.3056°N 88.6795°E / 22.3056; 88.6795.

Media related to Matla River at Wikimedia Commons

22°11′25″N 88°39′32″E / 22.1903300°N 88.6589100°E / 22.1903300; 88.6589100

## InfoBox

| Matla River | |
| --- | --- |
| Matla River (Canning) | |
| Location | |
| Country | India |
| State | West Bengal |
| District | South 24 Parganas |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Discharge |  |
| location | Bidyadhari River |
|  | |


title: Możdżanów

abstract: Możdżanów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sośnie, within Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Sośnie, 20 km (12 mi) south-west of Ostrów Wielkopolski, and 109 km (68 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

text:
# Możdżanów

**Możdżanów** \[mɔʐˈd͡ʐanuf\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Sośnie, within Ostrów Wielkopolski County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-west of Sośnie, 20 km (12 mi) south-west of Ostrów Wielkopolski, and 109 km (68 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

## InfoBox

| Możdżanów | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Możdżanów | |
| Coordinates: 51°30′N 17°33′E / 51.500°N 17.550°E / 51.500; 17.550 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Ostrów Wielkopolski |
| Gmina | Sośnie |
| Elevation | 118 m (387 ft) |
| Population | 190 |