title: Tromsø International Film Festival

abstract:
The Tromsø International Film Festival (TIFF) is an annual film festival held during the third week of January in Tromsø, Norway. The inaugural Tromsø International Film Festival was held in 1991. TIFF has 6 screening venues, including Verdensteatret and the Hålogaland Teater. Because the festival takes place toward the end the polar night, it also offers mid-day screenings in an outdoor cinema. The total of admissions in 2020 it was 58500, which makes TIFF Norway's biggest film festival. Movies with world premiere at Tromsø International Film Festival:
  - 2001 Cool and Crazy
  - 2008 The Kautokeino Rebellion
  - 2016 Doing good

text:
# Tromsø International Film Festival

The **Tromsø International Film Festival** (TIFF) is an annual film festival held during the third week of January in Tromsø, Norway.

The inaugural Tromsø International Film Festival was held in 1991.

TIFF has 6 screening venues, including Verdensteatret (Norway's oldest cinema in continuous use) and the Hålogaland Teater. Because the festival takes place toward the end the polar night, it also offers mid-day screenings in an outdoor cinema.

The total of admissions in 2020 it was 58500, which makes TIFF Norway's biggest film festival.

Movies with world premiere at Tromsø International Film Festival:

## Awards

The film festival presents several awards:

* The Aurora Prize (TIFF's main prize. Films must have their Norwegian premier at TIFF to compete)
* The FIPRESCI Prize (International critics award with jury members from FIPRESCI)
* The Don Quixote Prize (awarded by the Federation internationale des cine-clubs)
* The Norwegian Peace Film Award (awarded to a film spotlighting and encouraging understanding of violence)
* The Tromsø Palm (awarded to the best short film under 60 minutes)
* The Tromsø Audience Award
* The Faith in Film Award (awarded to a film which encourages reflection and critical thinking about religion)

## Audience Award

Film voted as best movie by popular vote.

| Year | Film | Director | Country |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1995 | *Spider and Rose* | Bill Bennett | Australia |
| 1996 | *Accumulator 1* | Jan Svěrák | Czech Republic |
| 1997 | *Palookaville* | Alan Taylor | France |
| 1998 | *Gadjo dilo* | Tony Gatlif | Romania and France |
| 1999 | *When the Light Comes* | Stijn Coninx | Germany / Belgium / Netherlands / Norway |
| 2000 | *Une Liaison Pornographique* | Frédéric Fonteyne | Belgium / France / Switzerland / Luxembourg |
| 2001 | *In July* | Fatih Akın | Germany |
| 2002 | *The Princess and the Warrior* | Tom Tykwer | Germany |
| 2003 | *The Sea* | Baltasar Kormákur | Iceland |
| 2004 | *The Return* | Andrey Zvyagintsev | Russia |
| 2005 | *As It Is in Heaven* | Kay Pollak | Sweden |
| 2006 | *Innocent Voices* | Luis Mandoki | Mexico |
| 2007 | *USA vs. Al-Arian* | Line Halvorsen | Norway |
| 2008 | *L'Orchestra di Piazza Vittorio* | Agostino Ferrente | Italy |
| 2009 | *Shooting the Sun* (US title: *The Storm in My Heart*) | Pål Jackman | Norway |
| 2010 | *For a Moment, Freedom* | Arash T. Riahi | Austria / France / Turkey |
| 2011 | *Black Swan* | Darren Aronofsky | U.S.A. |
| 2012 | *Play* | Ruben Östlund | Sweden |
| 2013 | *No* | Pablo Larraín | Chile |
| 2014 | *Of Horses and Men* | Benedikt Erlingsson | Germany/Iceland |
| 2015 | *The Salt of the Earth* | Wim Wenders and Juliano Ribeiro Salgado | France, Italy og Brazil |
| 2016 | *Rams* | Grímur Hákonarson | Iceland and Denmark |
| 2017 | *Sealers - One last hunt* | Trude Berge Ottersen and Gry Elisabeth Mortensen | Norway |
| 2018 | *Close-Knit* | Naoko Ogigami | Japan |
| 2019 | *Woman at war* | Benedikt Erlingsson | Iceland |
| 2020 | *Parasite* | Bong Joon-ho | South Korea |
| 2021 | *Ninjababy* | Yngvild Sve Flikke | Norway |
| 2022 | *Beans* | Tracey Deer | Canada |
| 2023 | *Let the River Flow* (*Ellos eatnu – La elva leve*) | Ole Giæver | Norway |
| 2024 | *The Remarkable Life of Ibelin* | Benjamin Ree | Norway |


title: Lucanus placidus

abstract: Lucanus placidus is a beetle of the family Lucanidae. It was described by American naturalist Thomas Say in 1825.

text:
# Lucanus placidus

***Lucanus placidus*** is a beetle of the family Lucanidae. It was described by American naturalist Thomas Say in 1825.

## InfoBox

| *Lucanus placidus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Lucanus placidus*, adult | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Lucanidae |
| Genus: | *Lucanus* |
| Species: | ***L. placidus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lucanus placidus***<br>Say, 1825 | |
|


title: Tropidion pinima

abstract: Tropidion pinima is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins and Galileo in 2007.

text:
# Tropidion pinima

***Tropidion pinima*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Martins and Galileo in 2007.

## InfoBox

| *Tropidion pinima* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Tropidion* |
| Species: | ***T. pinima*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tropidion pinima***<br>Martins & Galileo, 2007 | |
|


title: Trivikrama Panditacharya

abstract: Sri Trivikrama Panditacharya, was an Indian scholar and one of the disciples of Sri Madhvacharya, the great Dvaita philosopher. He composed the Vayu Stuti, one of the most famous Stotras in the Madhva tradition.

text:
# Trivikrama Panditacharya

Sri **Trivikrama Panditacharya** (c.1258 - c.1320), was an Indian scholar and one of the disciples of Sri Madhvacharya, the great Dvaita philosopher. He composed the Vayu Stuti, one of the most famous Stotras in the Madhva tradition.

## Biography

Sri Trivikrama Panditacharya's biographical account is also given with considerable detail by his son Sri Narayana Panditacharya in Sri MadhwaVijaya. Sri Trvivikrama Panditacharya's father was Sri Subramanya Panditacharya.

Sri Trivikrama Panditacharya was a scholar even in his young days and even before he was converted as a Madhwa he had written a Sanskrit mahakavya called "Ushaharana" mahakavya.

Sri Trivikrama Panditacharya was the teacher of the King of Kasaragod called Jayasimha. Once when Sri Madhvacharya visited Kasaragod, he challenged Sri Madhva to a debate, as he believed in the Advaita tradition. The debate lasted for 7–8 days and in the end, he accepted Sri Madhva's philosophy and became his disciple. He also composed a book called Tatva pradeepika, which is a commentary of Sri Madhvacharya's Brahma Sutra Bhashya.

Sri Trivikrama Panditacharya's son, Narayana Panditacharya, composed the famous Madhwavijaya, the biography of Sri Madhvacharya.

## Works

Trikirama Pandita composed a kaavya 'Ushaharana' in his teenage. There have been others works accredited to Panditacharya, of which a book called *Tattvapradeepa*, which is a commentary of Sri Madhvacharya's Brahma Sutra Bhashya and Vayu Stuti are most notable. The attributed works are:

## Brindavana

Brindavana of Sri Trivikrama Panditacharya is located at Kavu Mutt near Kudlu in Kerala (near Kasaragod town in Kerala - Around 60 km from Mangalore City)

## Bibliography

* Bryant, Edwin Francis (2007), *Krishna: A Sourcebook*, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0-19-803400-1
* Siraj, S.Anees (2012), *Karnataka State: Udupi District*, Government of Karnataka, Karnataka Gazetteer Department
* Sharma, B. N. Krishnamurti (2000). *A History of the Dvaita School of Vedānta and Its Literature, Vol 1. 3rd Edition*. Motilal Banarsidass (2008 Reprint). ISBN 978-8120815759.

## Footnotes

## InfoBox

| Trivikrama Panditacharya | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal | |
| Born | 1258 |
| Died | 1320 |
| Religion | Hinduism |
| Children | Narayana Panditacharya |
| Parent | * Subramanya Panditacharya (father) |
| Organization | |
| Philosophy | Dvaita Vedanta |
| Religious career | |
| Guru | Madhvacharya |
| Literary works | Vayu Stuti, Vishnu Stuti, Tithinirnaya, Narasimha Stuti and Madhwa Stotra |


title: Triviola

abstract: Triviola is a genus of moths in the family Lecithoceridae. It contains the sole species Triviola puiensis, which is found in Thailand.

text:
# Triviola

***Triviola*** is a genus of moths in the family Lecithoceridae. It contains the sole species ***Triviola puiensis***, which is found in Thailand.

## Description

The wingspan is 13.5–14.5 mm (0.53–0.57 in).

## InfoBox

| *Triviola* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Suborder: | Glossata |
| Infraorder: | Heteroneura |
| (unranked): | Ditrysia |
| Superfamily: | Gelechioidea |
| Family: | Lecithoceridae |
| Genus: | ***Triviola***
Park, 2010 |
| Species: | ***T. puiensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Triviola puiensis***
Park, 2010 | |
|


title: Trump National Golf Club Philadelphia

abstract: Trump National Golf Club, Philadelphia is a private golf club located in Pine Hill, New Jersey featuring a 6,969-yard (6,372 m) course designed by Tom Fazio. Formerly named Pine Hill Golf Club, it was purchased and renamed by the Trump Organization on Christmas Eve, 2009. The club sits about 1.5 mi (2.4 km) from Pine Valley Golf Club and Freeway Golf Course. The clubhouse of Trump National Golf Club is set atop a prominent hill 209-foot (64 m) in the middle of Camden County. The 43,000-square-foot (4,000 m⁲) clubhouse provides panoramic views of the surrounding landscape and Philadelphia city skyline. This hill is 30-foot (9.1 m) lower than Arneys Mount in Burlington County, and 10 feet lower than the highest point in Camden County, which is near Berlin. The golf course was built upon the site of the former Ski Mountain at Pine Hill in 1998.

text:
# Trump National Golf Club Philadelphia

**Trump National Golf Club, Philadelphia** is a private golf club located in Pine Hill, New Jersey featuring a 6,969-yard (6,372 m) course designed by Tom Fazio. Formerly named **Pine Hill Golf Club**, it was purchased and renamed by the Trump Organization on Christmas Eve, 2009. The club sits about 1.5 mi (2.4 km) from Pine Valley Golf Club and Freeway Golf Course.

The clubhouse of Trump National Golf Club is set atop a prominent hill 209-foot (64 m) in the middle of Camden County. The 43,000-square-foot (4,000 m2) clubhouse provides panoramic views of the surrounding landscape and Philadelphia city skyline. This hill is 30-foot (9.1 m) lower than Arneys Mount in Burlington County, and 10 feet lower than the highest point in Camden County, which is near Berlin. The golf course was built upon the site of the former Ski Mountain at Pine Hill in 1998.

39°47′14″N 75°00′18″W / 39.7873°N 75.0049°W / 39.7873; -75.0049

## InfoBox

Trump National Golf Club (Philadelphia)
| Club information | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Pine Hill, New Jersey, U.S. |
| Type | Private |
| Total holes | 18 |
| Website | www.trumpnationalphiladelphia.com |
|  | |
| Designed by | Tom Fazio |
| Par | 70 |
| Length | 6,969-yard (6,372 m) |
| Course rating | 74.5 |
|  | |


title: Lucas Bueno

abstract: Lucas Bueno was a Spanish Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Malta from 1666 to 1668.

text:
# Lucas Bueno

**Lucas Bueno** (died 7 September 1668) was a Spanish Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Malta from 1666 to 1668.

## Biography

Bueno was appointed as Titular Archbishop of Thessalonica on 15 September 1664. After the see of Malta had been vacant for 3 years, the former inquisitor of Malta, Fabio Chigi and now Pope Alexander VII, nominated Bueno as Bishop of Malta on 15 December 1666. Subsequently, he was also nominated as Titular Archbishop Rossano. Inquisitor Ranuzzi wrote of Bueno that he was renowned for his gentility with people. He died after only a little over two years as Bishop of Malta.

## InfoBox

| His Excellency
Lucas Bueno
O.S.Io.Hieros. | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop of Malta | |
|  | |
| Appointed | 15 December 1666 |
| In office | 1666-1668 |
| Predecessor | Miguel Juan Balaguer Camarasa |
| Successor | Lorenzo D'Astiria |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 1664 |
| Rank | Bishop |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Campillo de Aragón, Spain |
| Died | 7 September 1668 |
| Nationality | Spanish |


title: Luigi Cascarini

abstract: Luigi Cascarini was born in Italy and immigrated to Swansea where he became a local businessman and entrepreneur.

text:
# Luigi Cascarini

**Luigi Cascarini** was born in Italy and immigrated to Swansea where he became a local businessman and entrepreneur.

## Early years

Cascarini was born in Abruzzo and in 1898 he left Italy intending to travel to America. He worked his way across Europe until he reached Le Havre, where he boarded a coal steamer bound for Swansea

## Arrival in Swansea

Cascarini found that in Swansea there were no cafés that provided industrial workers, who were employed in the Swansea Valley and the munitions factory in Bridgend, with food and refreshments on their way to and from work. He decided to open a café that would be open all day offering refreshments for working people.

## Establishment of first café

In order to start the business Cascarini took a loan from an Italian friend. With this capital he opened a general food store on the High Street in Swansea. The shop opened at 4am each day and became a success, leading to the opening of another five cafés around Swansea, including cafés at Fabian Way and St Helen’s Road.

In 1922 Cascarini brought his eldest son, Joe, from Abruzzo to Swansea in order to run the café located at St Helen’s Road.

## Ice Cream

The shop on the High Street became known, in particular, for its vanilla ice cream, which was made out of milk, corn flour, and sugar.

Under the supervision of Joe Cascarini the St Helen’s Road café became a well known ice cream parlour and Joe developed his own vanilla blend of ice cream.

The St Helen’s Road ice cream parlour is now known as Joe’s Ice Cream. The business is still run by members of the Cascarini family and remains an artisan ice cream producer, although it has opened parlours in Mumbles and Llansamlet as well.

The other five cafés were run by members of the Cascarini family until they retired from business and the cafés no longer exist, although they are fondly remembered by Swansea people.

## Further reading

* Walesonline Article on the Cascarini family and Joe’s Ice Cream


title: Lucas Pennacchi

abstract: Lucas Pennacchi is a Brazilian artist who works with painting, drawing and engraving. Pennacchi started to draw and paint at school and with his father, Brazilian artist Fulvio Pennacchi. He went to a school of architecture, where he studied art and drawing, but left in the third year. His themes deal with landscapes and seascapes, and compositions with birds and fish. His work is currently private collectors, and art galleries. He's a frequent collaborator with art publications, and in 2004 he was theme for a feature of Metrópolis, a widely known TV Cultura program. He learnt mosaic by himself, and teaches open courses at the MuBE National Museum of Sculpture in São Paulo.

text:
# Lucas Pennacchi

**Lucas Pennacchi** (born 1960 in São Paulo) is a Brazilian artist who works with painting, drawing and engraving.

Pennacchi started to draw and paint at school and with his father, Brazilian artist Fulvio Pennacchi. He went to a school of architecture, where he studied art and drawing, but left in the third year.

His themes deal with landscapes and seascapes, and compositions with birds and fish. His work is currently private collectors, and art galleries. He's a frequent collaborator with art publications, and in 2004 he was theme for a feature of *Metrópolis*, a widely known TV Cultura program.

He learnt mosaic by himself, and teaches open courses at the MuBE National Museum of Sculpture in São Paulo.


title: Trochocarpa thymifolia

abstract: Trochocarpa thymifolia is a species of flowering plant from the family Ericacae and is endemic to Tasmania. It is a widespread alpine and subalpine shrub with small leaves, pink to red flowers and blue to purple fruit. Originally described by botanist Robert Brown in 1810, it is a widespread Tasmanian endemic that inhabits the state's mountain regions.

text:
# Trochocarpa thymifolia

***Trochocarpa thymifolia*** is a species of flowering plant from the family Ericacae and is endemic to Tasmania. It is a widespread alpine and subalpine shrub with small leaves, pink to red flowers and blue to purple fruit. Originally described by botanist Robert Brown in 1810, it is a widespread Tasmanian endemic that inhabits the state's mountain regions.

## Description

Mature plants form erect, bushy shrubs growing to around 1m in height. Leaves are small (2–4 mm long), densely-packed, ovate to elliptic in shape and are alternate in arrangement. The succulent leaves are dark green, with a red tinge around the margins and are slightly lighter green on the underside. Parallel venation is clear on the abaxial surface (underside) of the leaf which is a distinguishing characteristic of the Ericaceae family. The tubular flowers possess 5 lobes, of about 4mm in length and range from pink to red in colour. Inflorescences form a dense cluster of drooping terminal spikes that are 1.5 cm long with the yellow filaments of the stamens being prominent sitting just outside of the floral tube. Fruits are spherical, fleshy and present in a blue to purple/mauve colour at approximately 8 mm in diameter. Fruits and flowers typically occur simultaneously, creating stunning displays of contrasting colours and textures alongside the neat foliage.

## Taxonomy

This taxon was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown who gave it the name *Diaspora thymifolia* in *Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen*. In 1824, Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel changed the name to *Trochocapra thymifolia* in *Systema Vegetabilium*. The specific epithet (*thymifolia*) means "thyme-leaved".

## Species differentiation

*Trochocarpa thymifolia* is distinguished from the other three rainforest species of *Trochocarpa* occurring in Tasmania by its leaves that are only 2–4 mm (0.079–0.157 in) long.

## Habitat and distribution

*Trochocarpa thymifolia* is widespread in Tasmania, often found in alpine heaths, open subalpine forests woodlands and occasionally inhabiting sites that are more exposed amidst dolerite boulders. The species favours areas that have acidic soils, are well drained and moist in its environment.

The species is widespread around the state clustering in alpine zones above the tree line. This range in altitude varies across the state from 750m in the southwest to 1400m in the northeast. Populations are largely located at Mount Field, Mount Wellington (Kunanyi), Tasman and Southwest National Parks in the south and Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair, Walls of Jerusalem and Ben Lomond National Parks in the north.

## InfoBox

| *Trochocarpa thymifolia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Ericales |
| Family: | Ericaceae |
| Genus: | *Trochocarpa* |
| Species: | ***T. thymifolia*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Trochocarpa thymifolia***<br>(R.Br.) Spreng. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Decaspora thymifolia* R.Br. * *Decaspora oxycoccoides* A.Cunn. ex DC. | |


title: Luigi Melchiorre

abstract: Luigi Melchiorre was an Italian sculptor.

text:
# Luigi Melchiorre

**Luigi Melchiorre** (Valenza, Kingdom of Sardinia, 1859 - After 1908) was an Italian sculptor.

## Biography

Melchiorre first studied at the Accademia Albertina in Turin, then traveled to Florence and finally to Rome to work under Giacomo Ginotti (1845 - 1897). He moved back to reside in Turin.

In 1881 in Milan he sculpted a plaster monument depicting the *Genius of Columbus,* a bust of King Umberto I and a statuette titled *Il micino.* In 1883 in Rome he displayed *La scritta nuziale* and *The wife of Claudius*. In 1884 in Turin he exhibited a marble statuette titled *L'importuno* and a bust depicting *Mary Magdalene*. In 1886 he exhibited la *Pieta* and *Vinsi.* In 1887 in Turin *Cleopatra* and *Luce ed Arte*; at the 1888 Zootecnica, *In Processione*; in 1889, *Giuseppe Garibaldi* and *San Giovanni;* in 1890, *La Cantoniera* and *Portatrices d'acqua;* in 1891, *Lylium puritatis*, and in 1892, *Tibicino*. In 1893, he exhibited: *Rosa Mistica*, *Battle of Dogali*, a portrait of *Benvenuto Cellini*, *Wife of Lot*, *Primavera della vita*, and *La Musa di Verdi*.

He completed a number of monuments, including one dedicated to the *Duke of Genoa* for the Venaria Reale, a *Monument to Garibaldi* erected in Valenza, the funereal monument of Comm. Scavia in Castellazzo Bormida (Province of Alessandria), and that of Signor Vaccari in Valenza, and of the *Soldiers Fallen in Africa* erected in the town of Valenza. His sculptures of Saint Alessandro, Carlo, Siro and Louis decorate the facade of Santi Alessandro e Carlo in Alessandria. He continued to exhibit till 1908.


title: Luigi Mazzini

abstract: Luigi Mazzini was an Italian general during World War II.

text:
# Luigi Mazzini

**Luigi Mazzini** (13 July 1883  1 May 1967) was an Italian general during World War II.

## Biography

### Early life

He was born in Mortara, province of Pavia, on 13 July 1883, son of Carlo Mazzini and Merope Spagna. After enlisting in the Royal Italian Army, on 5 September 1904 he entered the Royal Military Academy of Artillery and Engineers in Turin, from which he graduated with the rank of artillery second lieutenant.

### Career

He fought during the Italo-Turkish War, distinguishing himself during the battles of Ain Zara, Gargaresh and Zanzur, for which he was awarded a Bronze Medal of Military Valor. During the Great War he distinguished himself during the Albanian campaign with the 1st Mixed Artillery Group of the 38th Division, earning a War Cross for Military Valor.

He was promoted to colonel on 12 June 1933, and between 1 January 1934 and 24 September 1935 he was commander of the 3rd Alpine Artillery Regiment "Julia". On 31 December 1935 he assumed command of the newly established 5th Alpine Artillery Regiment "Pusteria", with which he left to fight in the war in Ethiopia, where he received another Bronze Medal. On 24 September 1937 he was replaced at the command of the 5th Alpine Artillery Regiment by Colonel Antonio Norcen, and returned to Italy. On 20 December 1937 he was promoted to brigadier general, then assuming command of the School for Reserve Artillery Officers and from 1939 that of the artillery of the 1st Army Corps in Turin.

When the Kingdom of Italy entered the Second World War on 10 June 1940, he was in command of the artillery of the 4th Army operating on the western Alpine front against France, remaining there until February 1941 and receiving another Bronze Medal. In February 1941 he assumed command of the 33rd Infantry Division "Acqui", engaged on the Greek-Albanian front. In April 1941, after the collapse of Greece, he oversaw the occupation of the Ionian Islands. On 1 July 1941 he was promoted to major general. On 24 October 1942 he was replaced in command of the "Acqui" by General Ernesto Chiminello, and assumed command of the 224th Coastal Division, established in January 1943 in Nice, in occupied France. On 26 April he was assigned to the Ministry of War for special assignments, being attached to the Territorial Defence Command of Turin, and 12 July 1943 he was transferred to the Army reserve after having reached the age limits. He died on 1 May 1967.

1. Istituto Nastro Azzurro
2. Istituto Nastro Azzurro
3. Generals.dk
4. Istituto Nastro Azzurro
5. Generals.dk
6. Generals.dk
7. Generals.dk
8. Istituto Nastro Azzurro
9. Generals.dk
10. Generals.dk
11. Divisione Acqui
12. The commanders
13. Arrendersi o combattere
14. The Balkans 1940–41 (1): Mussolini's Fatal Blunder in the Greco-Italian War
15. Generals.dk
16. Divisione Acqui
17. Arrendersi o combattere
18. Generals.dk
19. Generals.dk
20. Generals.dk

## InfoBox

| Luigi Mazzini | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1883-07-13)13 July 1883
Mortara, Kingdom of Italy |
| Died | 1 May 1967(1967-05-01) (aged 83) |
| Allegiance | Kingdom of Italy |
| Service/branch | Royal Italian Army |
| Years of service | 1904-1943 |
| Rank | Major General |
| Commands | 3rd Alpine Artillery Regiment "Julia"
5th Alpine Artillery Regiment "Pusteria"
Reserve Artillery Officers School
33rd Infantry Division Acqui
224th Coastal Division |
| Battles/wars |  |
| Awards |  |


title: Trithioarsenite

abstract:
Trithioarsenite, also called sulfarsenite, is the trianion AsS3−3. It is a pyramidal anion, as is typical of other AsIIIX3 compounds. It is generated by treatment of As2S3 with a sulfide:
  - As2S3 + 3 S2− → 2 AsS3−3 A fundamental synthetic trithioarsenite is Na3As3, which features the pyramidal AsS3−3. Thioarsenites are components of many sulfosalt minerals. An example is relatively common mineral proustite, Ag3AsS3, which is silver(I) trithioarsenite.

text:
# Trithioarsenite

**Trithioarsenite**, also called **sulfarsenite**, is the trianion AsS3−3. It is a pyramidal anion, as is typical of other AsIIIX3 compounds. It is generated by treatment of As2S3 with a sulfide:

As2S3 \+ 3 S2− → 2 AsS3−3

A fundamental synthetic trithioarsenite is Na3As3, which features the pyramidal AsS3−3.

Thioarsenites are components of many sulfosalt minerals. An example is relatively common mineral proustite, Ag3AsS3, which is silver(I) trithioarsenite.

1. Palazzi, M. (1976). "Structure cristalline de l'orthotrithioarsénite trisodique Na3AsS3". *Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry*. **32** (12): 3175–3177. doi:10.1107/S0567740876009898.
2. Mindat
3. Webmineral
4. Trevelyan B. 1969: The electro-optic effect in proustite. Optical and Quantum Electronics, 1(1), pp. 1969;


title: Lucky Mkosana

abstract: Luckymore "Lucky" Mkosana is a Zimbabwean footballer.

text:
# Lucky Mkosana

**Luckymore "Lucky" Mkosana** (born 30 September 1987) is a Zimbabwean footballer.

## Playing career

### College and amateur

Mkosana played college soccer at Dartmouth College between 2008 and 2011. During his time at Dartmouth, Mkosana was named Ivy League Player of the Year (2011), All-Ivy League First Team (2008, 2009, 2010, 2011), Soccer America Freshman, All-America First Team, College Soccer News Freshman, All-America First Team and Ivy League Rookie of the Year (2008). He became Dartmouth's all-time career leader with 34 career goals, breaking a record that had stood since 1953. Mkosana played for USL Premier Development League club Michigan Bucks in 2011.

Chicago Fire selected Mkosana in the second round (No. 23 overall) of the 2012 MLS SuperDraft, but wasn't signed by the club.

### Club

#### Harrisburg City Islanders

Mkosana signed with USL Pro club Harrisburg City Islanders in May 2012. Mkosana became a regular goalscorer for the City Islanders over the next two seasons, scoring 20 goals and providing 4 assists during the regular season play. The latter half of the 2013 season, Mkosana scored 10 goals in the 7 matches (including two hattricks) and earn USL Team of the Week honors for four consecutive weeks.

#### Tampa Bay Rowdies

At the conclusion of the USL 2013 season, Mkosana secured a loan deal to Tampa Bay Rowdies in the NASL. After completion of a successful loan spell, Mkosana signed a permanent deal with the Rowdies in January 2014.

#### New York Cosmos

On 24 November 2014, Mkosana signed with NASL club New York Cosmos. His performance through most of the 2015 season earned him a contract extension in September 2015, scoring 5 goals in 19 appearances. The striker scored seven goals and added one assist across all competitions for the Cosmos in 2015. Notably, Mkosana scored a 90th-minute equalizing goal against MLS club New York City FC in the U.S. Open Cup, propelling the Cosmos to an eventual win in penalty kicks. During his time with the Cosmos, Mkosana helped the New York team win consecutive NASL championships in 2015 and 2016.

#### IFK Marienhamn

On 30 December 2016, Mkosana signed a one-year contract, with the option of a second, with Finnish Veikkausliiga side IFK Mariehamn. He would make 15 appearances for the Finnish champions, scoring 4 goals including 2 goals in the team's run to the quarterfinals of the 2016–17 Finnish Cup.

#### Return to New York Cosmos

After a season competing in Finland, Mkosana returned to New York Cosmos in June 2017 to compete in the 2017 Fall season.

#### Penn FC

Ahead of the 2018 season, Mkosana returned to Harrisburg signing with the newly branded Penn FC (formerly the Harrisburg City Islanders) in the USL Championship. Despite a difficult season, Mkosana still managed to lead the team in goals, scoring 11 goals through 29 appearances.

#### Louisville City

After finishing a single season with Penn FC, Mkosana moved to USL champions, Louisville City FC ahead of the 2019 season. Traded mid-season, Mkosana scored 5 goals in 16 appearances.

#### Return to Tampa Bay Rowdies

Despite good performances for Louisville, Mkosana rejoined the Rowdies midway through the 2019 season as part of a trade that saw Antoine Hoppenot go to Louisville. In the 2021 Eastern Conference Final, Mkosana scored twice against Louisville to spur the Rowdies to victory. His first goal in the match came just three minutes after he entered off the bench, and the second goal was the equalizer deep into stoppage time. The two goals made Mkosana the USL Championship's all-time leading scorer as a substitute. Mkosana re-signed with the Rowdies on 20 January 2023. Mkosana was released by Tampa Bay following the 2023 season.

## International career

Mkosana received his first international call-up to the Zimbabwe national team for its African Cup of Nations qualifier on 9 September 2018.

## Career statistics

*As of match played 29 March 2020*

Appearances and goals by club, season and competition
| Club | Season | League | | | National Cup | | Continental | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Harrisburg City Islanders | 2012 | USL Pro | 17 | 7 | 1 | 1 |  | | 27 | 2 |
| | 2013 | | 26 | 14 | 0 | 0 |  | | 26 | 14 |
| Tampa Bay Rowdies (loan) | 2013 | NASL | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 |  | | 9 | 2 |
| Tampa Bay Rowdies | 2014 | | 26 | 2 | 1 | 0 |  | | 27 | 2 |
| New York Cosmos | 2015 | NASL | 29 | 5 | 3 | 2 |  | | 32 | 7 |
| | 2016 | | 25 | 4 | 3 | 0 |  | | 28 | 4 |
| IFK Mariehamn | 2017 | Veikkausliiga | 9 | 2 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 4 |
| New York Cosmos | 2017 | NASL | 11 | 2 | 0 | 0 |  | | 11 | 2 |
| Penn FC | 2018 | USL | 29 | 11 | 1 | 0 |  | | 30 | 11 |
| Louisville City | 2019 | USL | 15 | 4 | 1 | 1 |  | | 16 | 5 |
| Tampa Bay Rowdies | 2019 | USL | 18 | 6 | 0 | 1 |  | | 18 | 6 |
| | 2020 | | 1 | 0 | 0 |  |  | | 1 | 0 |
| Career total | | | 215 | 59 | 16 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 231 | 65 |

## Honors

**New York Cosmos**

## InfoBox

Lucky Mkosana
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Luckymore Mkosana | | |
| Date of birth | (1987-09-30) 30 September 1987 | | |
| Place of birth | Bulawayo, Zimbabwe | | |
| Height | 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| College career | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2008–2011 | Dartmouth Big Green | 73 | (44) |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2011 | Michigan Bucks | 10 | (3) |
| 2012–2013 | Harrisburg City Islanders | 44 | (22) |
| 2013 | Tampa Bay Rowdies (loan) | 9 | (2) |
| 2014 | Tampa Bay Rowdies | 27 | (2) |
| 2015–2016 | New York Cosmos | 60 | (11) |
| 2017 | IFK Mariehamn | 9 | (2) |
| 2017 | New York Cosmos | 15 | (4) |
| 2018 | Penn FC | 30 | (11) |
| 2019 | Louisville City | 16 | (5) |
| 2019–2023 | Tampa Bay Rowdies | 71 | (13) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 21 October 2023 | | | |


title: Lucky Moon

abstract: "Lucky Moon" is a song written by Doug Johnson and Mark Wright and recorded by American country music group The Oak Ridge Boys. It was released in March 1991 as the first single from the album Unstoppable. The song reached No. 6 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was the group's last Top 10 hit.

text:
# Lucky Moon

"**Lucky Moon**" is a song written by Doug Johnson and Mark Wright and recorded by American country music group The Oak Ridge Boys. It was released in March 1991 as the first single from the album *Unstoppable*. The song reached No. 6 on the *Billboard* Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart. It was the group's last Top 10 hit.

## Critical reception

Edward Morris wrote in a column for *Billboard* that "Besides being a catchy, sing-along tune, it's also one that unleashes the Oaks' rich, buoyant vocal harmonies. The lads haven't sounded this fresh in ages."

## Other versions

In 2011, the group rerecorded the song with a new arrangement and bass singer Richard Sterban on lead vocals for their *It's Only Natural* project at Cracker Barrel Old Country Store. The album included songs originally sung by Steve Sanders, who succeeded William Lee Golden on baritone vocals. The lineup on the new album included Golden.

## Chart performance

| Chart (1991) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 2 |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 6 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1991) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 37 |
| US Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 56 |

## InfoBox

| "Lucky Moon" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by The Oak Ridge Boys | |
| from the album  *Unstoppable* | |
| B-side | "Walkin' After Midnight" |
| Released | March 23, 1991 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 3:26 |
| Label | RCA |
| Songwriter(s) | Doug Johnson, Mark Wright |
| Producer(s) | Richard Landis |
| The Oak Ridge Boys singles chronology | |
| "(You're My) Soul and Inspiration"
(1990) "**Lucky Moon**"
(1991) "Change My Mind"
(1991) | |


title: Trust Feed

abstract: Trust Feed is a small rural town in Umgungundlovu District Municipality in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa. The 1988 Trust Feed massacre, in which 11 people were shot dead by police, was significant in that it was one of the first cases of political violence in which the involvement of senior police officers was proven. At the time, the massacre was taken as evidence for allegations of so-called Third Force activity. The officer convicted of ordering the killings later became the first member of the apartheid security forces to be granted amnesty by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

text:
# Trust Feed

| 1988 Trust Feed Massacre | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Trust Feed, KwaZulu-Natal |
| Date | 3 December 1988 |
| Target | Apparent UDF supporters |
| Attack type | Mass shooting |
| Deaths | 11 Inkatha supporters |
| Assailants | South African Police officers |
| Convicted | Captain Brian Mitchell (granted amnesty in 1996) |

**Trust Feed** is a small rural town in Umgungundlovu District Municipality in the KwaZulu-Natal province of South Africa.

The 1988 Trust Feed massacre, in which 11 people were shot dead by police, was significant in that it was one of the first cases of political violence in which the involvement of senior police officers was proven. At the time, the massacre was taken as evidence for allegations of so-called Third Force activity. The officer convicted of ordering the killings later became the first member of the apartheid security forces to be granted amnesty by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

## 1988 massacre

### Background

During apartheid, under the Group Areas Act, Trust Feed was what was called a "black spot" – a primarily black town in a white area – and thus a likely target for forced removals. In 1982, the Trust Feed Crisis Committee, a residents' association, was established to organise against the threat of forced removals in Trust Feed. That threat was conclusively removed in March 1988, when Trust Feed was designated a black development area. By that time, the Crisis Committee effectively ran and controlled the town. It had some success in organising the development of the town's infrastructure: in 1982, the Trust Feed population had shared three taps and one school; by late 1988, the roads and water supply had been improved, and a clinic was under construction.

However, the Crisis Committee was reportedly aligned to the United Democratic Front (UDF), and Trust Feed is close to Pietermaritzburg in a region which was affected from the mid-1980s by power struggles and conflict between Inkatha and the African National Congress-aligned UDF. By 1988, Inkatha was actively recruiting in and around Trust Feed, leading to violence that allegedly resulted in deaths among both Inkatha and UDF supporters.

### Massacre

In late November 1988, a state of emergency was declared in Trust Feed, meaning that journalists were prohibited from entering the town. On the night of 2 December, several leaders of the Crisis Committee were detained and their houses searched and destroyed.

Around 3 a.m. on 3 December, a police squad entered house TF83, which officers believed to be the site of a funeral vigil attended by UDF members. They opened fire, killing 11 people – three men, six women, and two children, aged nine and four. Two others were injured but survived because they were shielded by other bodies.

The victims were Mseleni Ntuli, Dudu Shangase, Zetha Shangase, Nkoyeni Shangase, Muzi Shangase, Filda Ntuli, Fikile Zondi, Maritz Xaba, Sara Nyoka, Alfred Zita, and Sisedewu Sithole.

### Aftermath

When it emerged that the victims were in fact IFP supporters, the police blamed the massacre on the UDF. Hundreds of UDF supporters fled Trust Feed, fearing an outbreak of political violence, and the town's population is estimated to have dropped by about a third by 1990. The Trust Feed Crisis Committee was dissolved.

### Responsibility

The killings were carried out by four Zulu special constables in the South African Police, under the orders of Captain Brian Mitchell, who was commander of the nearby New Hanover police station and head of the local Joint Management Committee. In court, Mitchell testified that the massacre was part of a larger state effort, supported by the security forces, to empower Inkatha at the expense of the ANC and UDF. Others alleged that the local Inkatha branch had been cooperating with the police to this end, and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission found that at least one senior Inkatha member had been involved in planning the attack.

The police's involvement in the murder was uncovered and investigated by another police captain, Frank Dutton, in 1990. Following a criminal trial, Mitchell was given eleven death sentences in late April 1992. The four special constables were sentenced to fifteen years' imprisonment each, and two white officers were acquitted. Mitchell's sentence was commuted to life imprisonment in April 1994 by President F. W de Klerk, and he was released from prison in November 1996 after being granted amnesty by the Truth and Reconciliation Commission on the grounds that the massacre was politically motivated. Mitchell committed to help rebuild Trust Feed and, after his release, he met with the community to ask their forgiveness in a televised "reconciliation meeting."

## InfoBox

| Trust Feed | |
| --- | --- |
| Trust FeedTrust Feed | |
| Coordinates: 29°23′53″S 30°32′31″E / 29.398°S 30.542°E / -29.398; 30.542 | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | KwaZulu-Natal |
| District | UMgungundlovu |
| Municipality | uMshwathi |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.14 km2 (0.83 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 5,760 |
| Density | 2,700/km2 (7,000/sq mi) |
| Racial makeup (2011) | |
| Black African | 97.7% |
| Coloured | 0.4% |
| Indian/Asian | 0.1% |
| White | 1.8% |
| First languages (2011) | |
| Zulu | 92.5% |
| English | 2.9% |
| Sotho | 2.4% |
| Other | 2.2% |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (SAST) |
| PO box | 3233 |


title: Lugu Lake

abstract: Lugu Lake is located in the northwest of the Yunnan plateau, with the middle of the lake forming the border between the Ninglang County of Yunnan Province and the Yanyuan County of Sichuan Province. The formation of the lake is thought to have occurred in a geological fault belonging to the geological age of the Late Cenozoic. It is an alpine lake at an elevation of 2,685 metres (8,809 ft) and is the highest lake in the Yunnan Province. The lake is surrounded by mountains and has five islands, four peninsulas, fourteen bays and seventeen beaches. The lake's shores are inhabited by many minority ethnic groups, such as the Mosuo, Norzu, Yi, and Pumi. The most numerous of these are the Mosuo people, said to be a sub clan of the Naxi people with ancient family structure considered as "a live fossil for researching the marital development history of Human beings" and "the last quaint Realm of Matriarchy." It is considered as the home of the Moso Tribe However, Mosuo have a separate identity from the Naxis, as it is said that the Chinese used the word Mosuo as a generic term for different ethnic groups, including the Naxi. Lugu Lake is called the "mother lake" by the Mosuo people. The lake is also well known in Chinese travel pamphlets as the region of “Amazons,” “The Kingdom of Women” and “Home of the Matriarchal Tribe”, this last name highlighting the dominant role of the Mosuo women in their society. The marriage rites of the Mosuo people are known as “azhu marriage” ceremony and this unique aspect of their social culture has given the title “exotic land of daughters” to the area. It is also known as "A Quaint Realm of Matriarchy." The matriarchal and matrilineal society of the Mosuos is also termed the “Women’s World.”

text:
# Lugu Lake

**Lugu Lake** (simplified Chinese: 泸沽湖; traditional Chinese: 瀘沽湖; pinyin: *Lúgū Hú*) is located in the northwest of the Yunnan plateau, with the middle of the lake forming the border between the Ninglang County of Yunnan Province and the Yanyuan County of Sichuan Province. The formation of the lake is thought to have occurred in a geological fault belonging to the geological age of the Late Cenozoic. It is an alpine lake at an elevation of 2,685 metres (8,809 ft) and is the highest lake in the Yunnan Province. The lake is surrounded by mountains and has five islands, four peninsulas, fourteen bays and seventeen beaches.

The lake's shores are inhabited by many minority ethnic groups, such as the Mosuo, Norzu, Yi, and Pumi. The most numerous of these are the Mosuo people (also spelt "Moso"), said to be a sub clan of the Naxi people (as per Chinese records of Minorities in China) with ancient family structure considered as "a live fossil for researching the marital development history of Human beings" and "the last quaint Realm of Matriarchy." It is considered as the home of the Moso Tribe However, Mosuo have a separate identity from the Naxis, as it is said that the Chinese used the word *Mosuo* as a generic term for different ethnic groups, including the Naxi.

Lugu Lake is called the "mother lake" by the Mosuo people. The lake is also well known in Chinese travel pamphlets as the region of “Amazons,” “The Kingdom of Women” and “Home of the Matriarchal Tribe”, this last name highlighting the dominant role of the Mosuo women in their society. The marriage rites of the Mosuo people are known as “azhu marriage” ceremony and this unique aspect of their social culture has given the title “exotic land of daughters” to the area. It is also known as "A Quaint Realm of Matriarchy." The matriarchal and matrilineal society of the Mosuos is also termed the “Women’s World.”

## Etymology

In the Mosuo language, *Lugu* means "falling into the water" and *hu* means "lake" in Chinese, which combined give the name of the lake.

## Geography

Lugu Lake is a natural lake in the Hengduan Mountain System, and has a horseshoe shape. It is bounded within geographic coordinates of 27°40′59″N 100°45′00″E / 27.683°N 100.75°E / 27.683; 100.75 and 27°45′00″N 100°49′59″E / 27.75°N 100.833°E / 27.75; 100.833. It is located in a high plateau amidst the Xiaoliangshan hills of Western Yunnan. The Lion Mountain that surrounds the lake, which is worshipped as the goddess Gammo, is the chief deity of the Mosuo people who inhabit the area. The lake has a drainage catchment of 171.4 square kilometres (66.2 sq mi). The lake's main storage is from rainfall and its waters display a turquoise blue colour. The south shoreline of the lake is located in Yi Autonomous region of Ningland. The lake has a length of 9.4 kilometres (5.8 mi) with a width of 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) (mean width is 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi)) and a water spread area of 50 square kilometres (19 sq mi) (48.5 square kilometres (18.7 sq mi) is also mentioned) and an average depth of 45 metres (148 ft). The maximum depth in the lake is reported at 93.5 metres (307 ft) (90 metres (300 ft) is also mentioned in some references) which makes it the second deepest lake in China, after the Fuxianhu Lake. Lugu Lake is hemmed on both sides by steep mountains and partially forested slopes; it is fed by the Mosuo River and drained by the Gaizu River, which joins the Yalong River and eventually merges into the Jingshajiang River or the Yangtze River. Geologically, it is inferred as one of the youngest fault lakes in the Yunnan Plateau.

The Gaizu River, flowing out of the lake at its southeast end, has a controlled outlet that is only operated during the rainy season and remains closed from September to May. Lugu Lake is snowbound for three months a year; in the autumn and spring, it has a cool and dry climate with warm daytime temperatures.

Its waters exhibit transparency to a depth of 11 metres (36 ft) and the lake itself has four prominent peninsulas and five islands. The five islands are: Heiwawu Island in the centre of the lake is inhabited by a variety of birds, Liwubi Island, Lige Island, Nixi Island (the smallest island, which is an oblong-shaped rock covered with shrubs and moss), and Lama Island. Three peninsulas and an island are linked to a seawall on the shore by a stone-paved path.

The winding shoreline of the lake is occupied by several ethnic minorities belonging to the Mosuo, Norzu, Yi, and Pumi tribes. Villages on the shore include Luoshui and Lige, which are popular tourist centres. Thus many beaches have been developed, which have become popular tourist attractions. A walking tour along the periphery of the lake is a popular way of seeing the scenic beauty of the lake and its precincts.

Until 1982 there were no roads to the lake. The lake is 200 kilometres (120 mi) away from the Lijiang city, the headquarters of the Ninglang province, along a road that passes through some of the most scenic sights en route between Zhongdian and Dequin. The road, however, is affected by bad weather. The village roadhead on the shores of the lake that is connected with Lijiang city is known as Luoshui, a village, part of a larger Luoshui Administrative Village.

Luoshui village on the Yunnan side and Mukua village on the Sichuan side of the lake can be approached by canoes via the Lama Island. The canoes are known as "zhucaochuan" in the local language, which means the "pig-trough boats." The trek route, which is popular among Buddhist pilgrims, starts at Luoshoi and also ends there. Buddhism is prevalent around the lake, as the shores of the lake have Tibetan-type monasteries, mostly of the Gelugpa Order, established by the people who have settled around the lake; the important monasteries on the shore are: The Daming Gonpa or Yradzong Gonpa, Shubi Gonpa, Ozer Gonpa, Galong Gonpa and the Dzembu Monastery, the last named belongs to the Sakya Order.

The history of the place, however, is also well known for its matriarchal culture and also the dress of the Mosuo women and girls in particular, which is distinctly conspicuous for its maroon blouses and skirts that establish an aura of authority.

## Climate

| Climate data for Lugu Lake | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 12.3
(54.1) | 13.5
(56.3) | 16.4
(61.5) | 19.3
(66.7) | 22.0
(71.6) | 22.1
(71.8) | 22.2
(72.0) | 21.8
(71.2) | 20.3
(68.5) | 18.1
(64.6) | 15.2
(59.4) | 12.9
(55.2) | 18.0
(64.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.4
(39.9) | 6.1
(43.0) | 8.9
(48.0) | 12.2
(54.0) | 15.5
(59.9) | 17.1
(62.8) | 17.7
(63.9) | 17.1
(62.8) | 15.6
(60.1) | 12.4
(54.3) | 8.1
(46.6) | 5.1
(41.2) | 11.7
(53.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.4
(25.9) | −1.3
(29.7) | 1.5
(34.7) | 5.1
(41.2) | 9.0
(48.2) | 12.1
(53.8) | 13.2
(55.8) | 12.4
(54.3) | 10.9
(51.6) | 6.8
(44.2) | 1.0
(33.8) | −2.6
(27.3) | 5.4
(41.7) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 3
(0.1) | 6
(0.2) | 13
(0.5) | 26
(1.0) | 64
(2.5) | 176
(6.9) | 219
(8.6) | 177
(7.0) | 143
(5.6) | 64
(2.5) | 12
(0.5) | 4
(0.2) | 907
(35.6) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## History

Kublai Khan, with his Mongolian army, established his army headquarters south of Lugu Lake. A feudal government ensued when officers and troops were stationed here. Kublai Khan introduced Buddhism and enforced rules of civil administration, coupled with religious tenets around Lugu Lake and Yongning. It was during this time that the practice of monogamous marriage practised by officials of Mongol army also came into vogue among the ethnic Mosuo people, particularly in the Yankouba and Tuodian villages.

## Legend

An ancient legend linked to the lake is that a beautiful female spirit by the name of Gemu had many local mountain spirits as her male friends. The young spirit was pretty and also had male friends among the male spirits from other mountain regions. During one of her intimate dalliances with a local male spirit, a mountain spirit from a distant mountain came to her house on horseback. When he found her in the company of a local male spirit, he felt humiliated and quickly turned his horse round and started going back. Gemu heard the neigh of the horse and realized that a distant mountain spirit had come on horseback to visit her. She came out of the house and started running after the visitor spirit. She could only see a large hoof print at the foot of the mountain where the male spirit had disappeared. As it was getting dark, Gemu could not proceed further and she started weeping frenziedly, which resulted in the hoofprint turning into a lake with her tears. When the male spirit heard her crying, and saw that the hoofprint had turned into a lake with her tears, he lovingly threw a few pearls and flowers into the lake. The pearls are identified now as the islands in the lake and the flowers which floated to the lake shore are said to be scented azaleas and other flowers, which bloom every year.

Another legend narrated about the creation of the lake is that Gemu had many lovers. One such lover was a god named Waru Shila. During their first meeting and romance amidst a garden of flowers they were oblivious to their surroundings without even realizing that daybreak had occurred. In order to escape discovery of their affair, Waru Shila fled from the scene on his horse towards the hill, while Gemu fondly looked at him from the shore of Lugu Lake. While trying to look back at his fiancée, Waru Shila was holding the reins of the horse very tight. As a result, the horse stumbled and fell. This caused a deep depression in the ground. Since daybreak had occurred, Waru could not return to his heaven and therefore transformed himself into a mountain, to the east of the lake. Looking aghast at this turn of events, Gemu cried intensely, which resulted in the depression being filled by her tears and eventually turning into Lugu Lake. She then cast seven of her pearls into the lake, which became the seven islands. She also turned herself into a mountain in order to keep a watch on the lake and to look at her lover in the east, who had also earlier turned into a mountain.

## Flora and fauna

Lugu Lake, set in the subalpine zone in the southern Hengduan Mountains, is a pine-covered ecoregion. Apart from hosting endemic species of fish, Lugu Lake is visited by wintering water birds. The catchment of the lake in the Ninglang province has a fairly rich forest cover. The plant and tree species identified in the forest are: Yunnan pines, Chinese pines, lacquer, camphor, *Bombax ceiba* (the red kapok) and dragon spruce trees.

The fauna found in the area include fox, musk deer, vultures, hawks and leopard.

### Avifauna

The reported avifauna consists of migrant birds such as the bar-headed geese. Black-necked cranes (*Grus nigricollis*) are found in the Lugu Lake area which is under the Vu (vulnerable category as per IUCN).

### Aquatic fauna

Four endemic species of fish were reported in the lake - three *Schizothorax* species and one *Misgurnus anguillicaudatus.* The endemic species of fish in the genus of Schizothorax include the thick lip species known as *S. labrosus*. These are also called snow trout as they have the shape of a trout with tiny scales.

Fish species and the development of fisheries in Lugu Lake have been researched during 2001, 2002 and 2004. The studies reported that there are now 12 fish species in Lugu Lake, which belong to 10 genera, four families and three orders. Changes to the proliferation of fish in the lake has been due to the deposition of silt in the lake following heavy deforestation of lake's catchment. In addition to the four endemic species, eight exotic species were identified and these dominate the fish population in the lake to the detriment of the endemic species. Fishing is normally carried out using gillnets. The nets are spread over the lake's entire length and width at different depths with mesh size varying to suit needs; they are usually spread from late afternoon to the morning hours of the following day. The eight exotic species, introduced to the lake in 1958 as part of commercial fishing activity, dominate the fishing resources of the lake, and three of the native species have been declared endangered. As a result of commercial fishing activity, the fish resources initially netted amounted to 500 tonnes. However, overfishing in the last few decades by trawlers has resulted in a drastic decline of the yield and in 1980 it was reported to be only 30 tonnes. The main reasons attributed for this decline are the heavy deforestation that occurred once in 1970 and then again between 1980 and 1990, which caused heavy siltation of the lake; the siltation advanced 100 metres (330 ft) into the lake causing destruction of many spawning grounds of the three *Schizothorax* fishes, followed by the decrease of their stocks. Another reason given for the decrease in endemic fish stocks is the introduction of the exotic species, which has led to a decline in the indigenous *Schizothoracid* species.

## Mosuo people

The Mosuo people's ancient history is identified with Lugu Lake and their interests are now protected by the "Lugu Lake Mosuo Cultural Development Association". They are advertised as a major tourist attraction of Lugu Lake for their matriarchal traditions and “walking marriages,” where marriage is not sacrosanct as women exercise the right to choose and change their husbands at will. According to the 1990 database, there were 90,000 Mosuos, mostly concentrated around Lugu Lake. Their ethnicity has been defined as Masuo people belonging to the Pumi tribe, similar to the Mongolian ethnicity and a branch of the Naxi. Azu marriage is the way of living of the Mosuo people, and *Azu* in the local Mosuo language (which does not have its own script) means “intimate sweet heart”. It is a convenient arrangement in which the partners come and go as they like. Three types of Azu marriages have been mentioned namely, the “travelling marriage,” which is marriage without cohabitation; and the second type is the marriage with cohabitation that have developed into deep feelings after living under “travelling marriage” practice; they then live together and raise children as a family. The third type of marriage, which is linked to the history of Mongolian people occupying Lugu Lake who inculcated the practice of monogamous marriage among the Mosuo people, is called as “One on one marriage.” However, in all the three types of marriages, women have the rightful ownership of land, houses and full rights to the children born to them. The children carry their mother's family name and pay greatest respect to their mothers who in turn enjoy high social status. It is for these reasons that Mosuo people of Lugu Lake are an attraction. The male companions are known as "axias" and they work for the women. Lugu Lake and Mosuo culture, though identified as syncratic, they are spread throughout the hills surrounding the lake. The heart of Mosuo culture is concentrated in Yongning, known as the cultural capital of Mosuo people and their largest religious Tibetan monastery is located here. Yang Erche Namu, a Chinese born in a small village near Lugu Lake, is a famous writer and singer of Mosuo ethnicity. She has written several books including the one titled *Leaving Mother Lake,* her first book in English. Her career and life is a story of controversies. The minority report in Time mentions “Sex appeals. And today, the area around Lugu Lake, the Mosuo homeland where Namu grew up, has become a chic tourist destination, thanks almost entirely to the renown that Namu's book has brought it.” She had even proposed to the then divorced French president Nicolas Sarkozy during his visit to China; in a recorded video introduction uploaded to the internet, she praised the colour of his skin and stated that she would be "a perfect wife for him".

## Ethnic beliefs about the lake

The minority tribal community, which resides on the shores of Lugu Lake, have many beliefs and taboos linked to the lake. They hold the lake in sacred reverence and have taboos on killing of animals and felling of trees; and Mosuos, in particular consider animals and trees as innocent. Any body desecrating the lake, as a reparation, has to sacrifice an animal used in tilling and offer the meat to the villagers to eat, contact a “*dingba* or *hangui*, a shaman, to appease the spirits and restore topo-cosmic harmony” and pay obeisance to a Tibetan Buddhist Lama or local Lama. The fisher folk of the lake who practice zoned fishing in the lake believe that a black footed crane (*Grus* spp.) returning to Lugu Lake ushers prosperity.

As devout Buddhists, the Mosuo people make a devout annual circumambulation of the lake's shore in a clockwise direction. The prayer walk around the lake involves 35 miles (56 km) of trekking covering the numerous temples and stupas around the lake's shore. Generally, this parikrama is covered in a day. However, a leisurely three-day walk also takes place. The Buddhist influence on the lake's shore is also seen in the form of prayer flags and pyramidal stupas or chortens. The religious trek passes through the Lusoshui village of the Mosuo, farms, orchards, temples in islands, pebble beaches, crosses a fork which directs towards the Yongning, once the capital of Mosuo people. It passes under the shadow of Mount Gama, trees wound with multicoloured cloths, rainbow coloured Buddhist prayer flags with an animal symbol and Buddhist scriptures printed on them, rows of pine trees, pig trough canoes on the lake, wooden houses with upturned roofs (similar to those found in Lijiang city), agricultural land of red soils, white gulls on the lake waters; a change of territory into Sichuan from Yunnan region, pyramidal stupas made with square segments affixed with flat prayer inscribed stones; the Lama Temple (a three tiered red and white Buddhist structure with upturned eaves surrounded by colourful fluttering prayer flags and a 15 feet (4.6 m) fresco with a monk praying amidst scenic surroundings of mountains and clouds, altars, drums brass gongs and so forth) near the Grass Sea. It then passes through the house of the iconic Yang Erche Namu (the Lugu Lake native who is famous for her writings on Musuo and its people and for her singing and artistic talents) known as "China’s Sexiest Woman", and continues through eucalyptus groves and marshes, finally ending the trek at the lake.

## InfoBox

| Lugu Lake | |
| --- | --- |
| Lugu Lake's Lige | |
| Lugu LakeLocation in SichuanLugu LakeLocation in YunnanLugu LakeLugu Lake (China) | |
| Location |  |
| Coordinates | 27°42′N 100°48′E / 27.7°N 100.8°E / 27.7; 100.8 |
| Primary inflows | Mosuo River |
| Primary outflows | Gaizu River (seasonal) joining Yalong River |
| Catchment area | 171.4 square kilometres (66.2 sq mi) |
| Basin countries | China |
|  | |
| Max. length | 9.4 kilometres (5.8 mi) |
| Max. width | 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) (average) |
| Surface area | 48.5 square kilometres (18.7 sq mi) |
| Max. depth | 93.5 metres (307 ft) |
| Residence time | 18 years |
| Surface elevation | 2,685 metres (8,809 ft) |
|  | |
| Islands | Five |


title: Ludwig Schmitz

abstract: Ludwig Schmitz was a German film actor. He appeared in more than forty films during his career including the 1951 comedy The Heath Is Green. He was part of the popular comedy duo Tran and Helle along with Joseph Hussels. Schmitz was a member of the SS from 1 March 1934 and a member of the Nazi Party from May 1937. It was only in the 1950s that the popular comedian was seen again in the West German cinema. He died of a heart attack in 1954.

text:
# Ludwig Schmitz

**Ludwig Schmitz** (January 28, 1884 – June 28, 1954) was a German film actor. He appeared in more than forty films during his career including the 1951 comedy *The Heath Is Green*. He was part of the popular comedy duo Tran and Helle along with Joseph Hussels.

Schmitz was a member of the SS from 1 March 1934 and a member of the Nazi Party from May 1937. It was only in the 1950s that the popular comedian was seen again in the West German cinema. He died of a heart attack in 1954.

## Selected filmography

## Bibliography

* Langford, Michelle. *Directory of World Cinema: Germany*. Intellect Books, 2012.

## InfoBox

| Ludwig Schmitz | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 28 January 1884
Cologne, German Empire |
| Died | June 28, 1954(1954-06-28) (aged 70)
Münster, West Germany |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1934-1954 (film) |


title: Luigi Falco

abstract: Luigi Falco was an Italian politician and doctor. He was member of the Christian Democratic Centre Party. He has served as Mayor of Caserta from 1997 to 2005. He was elected mayor of Caserta to the administrative of 1997. He was again candidate for mayor for Popolari UDEUR. He was re-elected for a second term in the 2002 elections. He fell out of office as mayor in December 2005.

text:
# Luigi Falco

**Luigi Falco** (21 March 1951 – 3 February 2013) was an Italian politician and doctor.

He was member of the Christian Democratic Centre Party. He has served as Mayor of Caserta from 1997 to 2005. He was elected mayor of Caserta to the administrative of 1997. He was again candidate for mayor for Popolari UDEUR. He was re-elected for a second term in the 2002 elections. He fell out of office as mayor in December 2005.

## Biography

Luigi Falco was born in Dragoni, Italy on 1951 and died in Piedimonte Matese, Italy on 2013 at the age of 61. He was director of the neonatology unit of the Sant'Anna and San Sebastiano hospital in Caserta.

## InfoBox

| Luigi Falco | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Mayor of Caserta | |
| **In office**
1 December 1997  8 December 2005 | |
| Preceded by | Aldo Bulzoni |
| Succeeded by | Nicodemo Petteruti |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1951-03-21)21 March 1951
Dragoni, Italy |
| Died | 3 February 2013(2013-02-03) (aged 61)
Piedimonte Matese, Italy |
| Political party | Christian Democratic Centre |
| Occupation | Doctor |
|  | |


title: Lucrezia Borgia (1912 film)

abstract: Lucrezia Borgia is a 1912 Italian silent historical film directed by Gerolamo Lo Savio and starring Francesca Bertini in the title role of Lucrezia Borgia.

text:
# Lucrezia Borgia (1912 film)

***Lucrezia Borgia*** is a 1912 Italian silent historical film directed by Gerolamo Lo Savio and starring Francesca Bertini in the title role of Lucrezia Borgia.

## Cast

1. Attolini p.241

## Bibliography

* Vito Attolini. *Immagini del Medioevo nel cinema*. EDIZIONI DEDALO, 1993.

## InfoBox

| Lucrezia Borgia | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Gerolamo Lo Savio |
| Written by | Ugo Falena |
| Starring | Francesca Bertini |
| Production
company | Film d'Arte Italiana |
| Distributed by | Pathé Frères |
| Release date | * 1912 (1912) |
| Country | Italy |
| Languages | Silent
Italian intertitles |


title: Oman at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics

abstract: Oman competed at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, in Nanjing, China from 16 August to 28 August 2014.

text:
# Oman at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics

**Oman** competed at the **2014 Summer Youth Olympics**, in Nanjing, China from 16 August to 28 August 2014.

## Athletics

Oman qualified one athlete.

Qualification Legend: **Q**=Final A (medal); **qB**=Final B (non-medal); **qC**=Final C (non-medal); **qD**=Final D (non-medal); **qE**=Final E (non-medal)

Girls Track & road events

| Athlete | Event | Heats | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Mazoon Al Alawi | 100 m | 12.61 | 17 **qC** | 12.50 **PB** | 15 |

## Beach Volleyball

Oman was given a team to compete from the tripartite committee.

| Athletes | Event | Preliminary round | Standing | Round of 24 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Final / BM | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Opposition
Score | | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | Opposition
Score | |
| Samiei Al Hammadi
Ahid Al Sahi | Boys' | Vieyto/Cairus (URU)
**L** 0 – 2 | 4 **Q** | Pristauz-Telsnigg/Kratz (AUT)
**L** 0 – 2 | did not advance | | | | |
| | | Dmitriyev/Polichshuk (KAZ)
**L** 0 – 2 | | | |
| | | Siren/Maattanen (FIN)
**L** 0 – 2 | | | |
| | | Morris/Akande (NGR)
**W** w/o | | | |
| | | Fraser/Welcome (VIN)
**W** 2 – 1 | | | |

## InfoBox

| Oman at the
2014 Summer Youth Olympics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | OMA |
| NOC | Oman Olympic Committee |
| in Nanjing | |
| Competitors | 3 in 2 sports |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| Summer Youth Olympics appearances | |
|  | |


title: Fourth Kohl cabinet

abstract: The Fourth Kohl cabinet led by Helmut Kohl was sworn in on 18 January 1991 and laid down its function on 15 November 1994. The cabinet was formed after the 1990 elections. It laid down its function after the formation of the Cabinet Kohl V, which was formed following the 1994 elections. This cabinet was the first to be formed after German Reunification. Among the East German politicians to enter the government was future chancellor Angela Merkel, as minister of women and health.

text:
# Fourth Kohl cabinet

The **Fourth Kohl cabinet** led by **Helmut Kohl** was sworn in on 18 January 1991 and laid down its function on 15 November 1994. The cabinet was formed after the 1990 elections. It laid down its function after the formation of the Cabinet Kohl V, which was formed following the 1994 elections.

This cabinet was the first to be formed after German Reunification. Among the East German politicians to enter the government was future chancellor Angela Merkel, as minister of women and health.

## Composition

| Portfolio | Minister | Tookoffice | Leftoffice | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chancellor | Helmut Kohl | 18 January 1991 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Vice Chancellor &
Federal Minister of Foreign Affairs | Hans-Dietrich Genscher | 18 January 1991 | 18 May 1992 |  | FDP |
| | Jürgen Möllemann | 18 May 1992 | 21 January 1993 |  | FDP |
| | Klaus Kinkel | 21 January 1993 | 17 November 1994 |  | FDP |
| Federal Minister of Defense | Gerhard Stoltenberg | 18 January 1991 | 1 April 1992 |  | CDU |
| | Volker Rühe | 1 April 1992 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of the Interior | Wolfgang Schäuble | 18 January 1991 | 26 November 1991 |  | CDU |
| | Rudolf Seiters | 26 November 1991 | 7 July 1993 |  | CDU |
| | Manfred Kanther | 7 July 1993 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of Finance | Theo Waigel | 18 January 1991 | 17 November 1994 |  | CSU |
| Federal Minister of Justice | Klaus Kinkel | 18 January 1991 | 18 May 1992 |  | FDP |
| | Sabine Leutheusser-Schnarrenberger | 18 May 1992 | 17 November 1994 |  | FDP |
| Federal Minister of Economics | Jürgen Möllemann | 18 January 1991 | 21 January 1993 |  | FDP |
| | Günter Rexrodt | 21 January 1993 | 17 November 1994 |  | FDP |
| Federal Minister of Labour and Social Affairs | Norbert Blüm | 18 January 1991 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of Food, Agriculture, and Forestry | Ignaz Kiechle | 18 January 1991 | 21 January 1993 |  | CSU |
| | Jochen Borchert | 21 January 1993 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of Transport | Günther Krause | 18 January 1991 | 13 May 1993 |  | CDU |
| | Matthias Wissmann | 13 May 1993 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of Construction | Irmgard Schwaetzer | 18 January 1991 | 17 November 1994 |  | FDP |
| Federal Minister of Family and Senior Citizens | Hannelore Rönsch | 18 January 1991 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of Women and Youth | Angela Merkel | 18 January 1991 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of Research and Technology | Heinz Riesenhuber | 18 January 1991 | 21 January 1993 |  | CDU |
| | Matthias Wissmann | 21 January 1993 | 13 May 1993 |  | CDU |
| | Paul Krüger | 13 May 1993 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of Education and Science | Rainer Ortleb | 18 January 1991 | 4 February 1994 |  | FDP |
| | Karl-Hans Laermann | 4 February 1994 | 17 November 1994 |  | FDP |
| Federal Minister of Economic Cooperation | Carl-Dieter Spranger | 18 January 1991 | 17 November 1994 |  | CSU |
| Federal Minister of Environment,
Nature Conservation, and Reactor Security | Klaus Töpfer | 18 January 1991 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of Posts and Communications | Christian Schwarz-Schilling | 18 January 1991 | 17 December 1992 |  | CDU |
| | Wolfgang Bötsch | 17 December 1992 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |
| Federal Minister of Special Affairs &
Head of the Chancellery | Rudolf Seiters | 12 January 1991 | 26 November 1991 |  | CDU |
| | Friedrich Bohl | 26 November 1991 | 17 November 1994 |  | CDU |

## InfoBox

| Fourth Cabinet of Helmut Kohl
Cabinet Kohl IV | |
| --- | --- |
|
16th Cabinet of the Federal Republic of Germany | |
| 18 January 1991 – 10 November 1994
*(until 17 November 1994 as caretaker government)* | |
| Helmut Kohl | |
| Date formed | 18 January 1991 |
| Date dissolved | 17 November 1994
(3 years, 9 months, 4 weeks and 2 days) |
| People and organisations | |
| President | Richard von Weizsäcker (until 30 June 1994)
Roman Herzog (from 1 July 1994) |
| Chancellor | Helmut Kohl |
| Vice-Chancellor | Hans-Dietrich Genscher (until 18 May 1992)
Jürgen Möllemann (from 18 May 1992 to 21 January 1993)
Klaus Kinkel (from 21 January 1993) |
| Member party | Christian Democratic Union
Christian Social Union
Free Democratic Party |
| Status in legislature | Coalition government led by CDU/CSU
398/662 (60%)

 |
| Opposition party | Social Democratic Party
The Greens
Party of Democratic Socialism |
| Opposition leader |  |
| History | |
| Election | 1990 federal election |
| Legislature terms | 12th Bundestag |
| Predecessor | Kohl III |
| Successor | Kohl V |


title: Marta Frogg

abstract: Marta Frogg was a Norwegian actress, singer, and prompter.

text:
# Marta Frogg

**Marta Frogg** (also **Martha Frogg**, née Martha Rynning Olsen, March 18, 1871 – April 2, 1950) was a Norwegian actress, singer, and prompter.

## Family

Marta Frogg was born in Austre Moland, the daughter of the master mason Olaus Olsen (1828–1914) and Inger Marie Rynning Kristensen (1827–1897), and the sister of the actress Ragna Wettergreen (1864–1958). On November 25, 1891, she married the lawyer Nicolai Frogg (1866–?) in Kristiania (now Oslo). She was the mother of the actor Odd Frogg (1901–1934). In contemporary times, the family name was often written *Frog*.

## Life and work

Marta Frogg debuted on November 1, 1907 at the Fahlstrøm Theater in the role of Annette in *Maternité* (Norwegian title: *Ugifte Mødre*) by Eugène Brieux. Her sister Ragna Wettergreen played the role of Lucie in the same production. She took part in a theater tour in 1910 and 1911. In addition to appearing in plays, she performed in shows and sang. In the 1927–1928 season, she was a prompter at Agnes Mowinckel's Balkongen theater.

## Selected roles

* Annette in *Maternité* (Norwegian title: *Ugifte Mødre*) by Eugène Brieux (Fahlstrøm Theater, 1907)
* Florizel in *Et Besøg* (Norwegian title: *Et Besøk*) by Edvard Brandes (Randsfjord Theater, 1910)

## InfoBox

| Marta Frogg | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Martha Rynning Olsen
(1871-03-18)March 18, 1871
Austre Moland, Norway |
| Died | April 2, 1950(1950-04-02) (aged 79)
Oslo, Norway |
| Nationality | Norwegian |
| Occupation(s) | Actress, singer, prompter |
| Children | Odd Frogg |
| Relatives | Ragna Wettergreen |


title: Nu Hydrae

abstract: Nu Hydrae, Latinized from ν Hydrae, is an orange-hued star in the constellation Hydra, near the border with the neighboring constellation of Crater. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 3.115, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements, this star is located at a distance of about 137 light-years from the Earth. The spectrum of this star matches a stellar classification of K0/K1 III, where the luminosity class of 'III' indicates this is a giant star that has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core and evolved away from the main sequence. The radius of this star has expanded to 21 times the Sun's radius and it radiates about 151 times the luminosity of the Sun. This expanded outer envelope has an effective temperature of about 4,335 K, giving it the characteristic orange hue of a K-type star. Nu Hydrae is an X-ray emitter with an estimated luminosity of 6.6 × 10⁲⁸ erg s−1 in the X-ray band. The abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium, what astronomers term the star's metallicity, is about half that in the Sun. It has a relatively high proper motion across the celestial sphere, suggesting that it has a peculiar velocity roughly three times higher than its neighbors. Nu Hydrae was a later designation of 4 Crateris.

text:
# Nu Hydrae

**Nu Hydrae**, Latinized from ν Hydrae, is an orange-hued star in the constellation Hydra, near the border with the neighboring constellation of Crater. It has an apparent visual magnitude of 3.115, which is bright enough to be seen with the naked eye. Based upon parallax measurements, this star is located at a distance of about 137 light-years (42 parsecs) from the Earth.

The spectrum of this star matches a stellar classification of K0/K1 III, where the luminosity class of 'III' indicates this is a giant star that has exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core and evolved away from the main sequence. The radius of this star has expanded to 21 times the Sun's radius and it radiates about 151 times the luminosity of the Sun. This expanded outer envelope has an effective temperature of about 4,335 K, giving it the characteristic orange hue of a K-type star.

Nu Hydrae is an X-ray emitter with an estimated luminosity of 6.6 × 1028 erg s−1 in the X-ray band. The abundance of elements other than hydrogen and helium, what astronomers term the star's metallicity, is about half that in the Sun. It has a relatively high proper motion across the celestial sphere, suggesting that it has a peculiar velocity roughly three times higher than its neighbors.

Nu Hydrae was a later designation of **4 Crateris**.

1. van Leeuwen, F. (November 2007), "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction", *Astronomy and Astrophysics*, **474** (2): 653–664, arXiv:0708.1752, Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V, doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357, S2CID 18759600
2. Gutierrez-Moreno, Adelina; et al. (1966), "A System of photometric standards", *Publications of the Department of Astronomy University of Chile*, **1**, Publicaciones Universidad de Chile, Department de Astronomy: 1–17, Bibcode:1966PDAUC...1....1G
3. di Benedetto, G. P. (November 1998), "Towards a fundamental calibration of stellar parameters of A, F, G, K dwarfs and giants", *Astronomy and Astrophysics*, **339**: 858–871, Bibcode:1998A&A...339..858D
4. Massarotti, Alessandro; et al. (January 2008). "Rotational and Radial Velocities for a Sample of 761 HIPPARCOS Giants and the Role of Binarity". *The Astronomical Journal*. **135** (1): 209–231. Bibcode:2008AJ....135..209M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/135/1/209.
5. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "*Gaia* Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". *Astronomy & Astrophysics*. **649**: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e).  Gaia EDR3 record for this source at VizieR.
6. Anderson, E.; Francis, Ch. (2012), "XHIP: An extended hipparcos compilation", *Astronomy Letters*, **38** (5): 331, arXiv:1108.4971, Bibcode:2012AstL...38..331A, doi:10.1134/S1063773712050015, S2CID 119257644.
7. Gondoin, P. (December 1999), "Evolution of X-ray activity and rotation on G-K giants", *Astronomy and Astrophysics*, **352**: 217–227, Bibcode:1999A&A...352..217G
8. "LTT 3973 -- High proper-motion Star", *SIMBAD*, Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg, retrieved 2012-01-13
9. "The Colour of Stars", *Australia Telescope, Outreach and Education*, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, December 21, 2004, archived from the original on December 3, 2013, retrieved 2012-01-16
10. Kaler, James B., "Nu Hydrae", *Stars*, University of Illinois, retrieved 2012-01-13
11. Wagman, M. (August 1987). "Flamsteed's Missing Stars". *Journal for the History of Astronomy*. **18** (3): 215. Bibcode:1987JHA....18..209W. doi:10.1177/002182868701800305. S2CID 118445625.

## InfoBox

Nu Hydrae
| Location of ν Hydrae (circled) | |
| --- | --- |
| Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000 | |
| Constellation | Hydra |
|
| Right ascension | 10h 49m 37.48875s |
| Declination | −16° 11 37.1360 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 3.115 |
| Characteristics | |
|
| Spectral type | K0/K1 III |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| U−B color index | +1.305 |
| B−V color index | +1.239 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Astrometry | |
|  | |
| **Radial velocity (Rv)** | −1.37±0.25 km/s |
| **Proper motion (μ)** | RA: +93.35 mas/yr
Dec.: +198.88 mas/yr |
| **Parallax (π)** | 23.7940 ± 0.1695 mas |
| **Distance** | 137.1 ± 1.0 ly
(42.0 ± 0.3 pc) |
| **Absolute magnitude (MV)** | −0.11 |
|  | |
| Details | |
|  | |
| **Mass** | 2.0 |
| **Radius** | 21 |
| **Luminosity** | 151 |
| **Surface gravity (log *g*)** | 2.3 cgs |
| **Temperature** | 4,335 |
| **Metallicity** \[Fe/H\] | −0.30 dex |
| **Rotational velocity (*v* sin *i*)** | 5.3 km/s |
|  | |
| Other designations | |
| ν Hya, 4 Crateris, BD−15 3138, FK5 410, HD 93813, HIP 52943, HR 4232, SAO 156256 | |
| Database references | |
| **SIMBAD** | data |


title: Meyer Hills

abstract: The Meyer Hills are a small group of hills which includes Beaudoin Peak, located between the Enterprise Hills and the head of Constellation Inlet, in the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. They were named by the University of Minnesota Ellsworth Mountains Party of 1962–63 for Harvey J. Meyer, a geologist with that party.

text:
# Meyer Hills

The **Meyer Hills** (79°47′S 81°6′W / 79.783°S 81.100°W / -79.783; -81.100) are a small group of hills which includes Beaudoin Peak, located between the Enterprise Hills and the head of Constellation Inlet, in the Heritage Range, Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica. They were named by the University of Minnesota Ellsworth Mountains Party of 1962–63 for Harvey J. Meyer, a geologist with that party.

## Features

Geographical features include:

This article incorporates public domain material from "Meyer Hills". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey.


title: Velódromo Alcides Nieto Patiño

abstract: The Velódromo Alcides Nieto Patiño is a velodrome in Cali, Colombia. It was opened in 1971 and renovated in 2007. It is a regular location for the UCI Track Cycling World Cup and hosted the 2014 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. The venue hosts the 2023 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships on 23-27 August.

text:
# Velódromo Alcides Nieto Patiño

The **Velódromo Alcides Nieto Patiño** is a velodrome in Cali, Colombia. It was opened in 1971 and renovated in 2007. It is a regular location for the UCI Track Cycling World Cup and hosted the 2014 UCI Track Cycling World Championships. The venue hosts the 2023 UCI Junior Track Cycling World Championships on 23-27 August.

## InfoBox

Velódromo Alcides Nieto Patiño
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Cali, Colombia |
| Coordinates | 3°24′41″N 76°33′3″W / 3.41139°N 76.55083°W / 3.41139; -76.55083 |
| Capacity | 7,650 |
| Field size | 250 m (270 yd) track |
| Surface | Wood |
| Construction | |
| Built | 1970–1971 |
| Opened | 1971 |
| Renovated | 2007 |


title: Hosiden

abstract: Hosiden Corporation Hosiden Corporation is a Japanese electronics company. It manufactures electronic components and devices and has a strong presence in the telecommunication and automotive industries prior to the consumer markets. It is headquartered in Yao, Osaka and has over 19 factories and more than 12,000 workers. Its products include connectors, memory card connectors, LCDs and micro switches. For its application in S-Video, the 4-pin Hosiden, Oshiden, or Ushiden connector is often wrongly called mini-DIN connector. Hosiden Besson Limited was established in 1957, trading as A P Besson and Partner Limited in the UK, manufacturing earpieces for the National Health Service. It was sold to Crystalate Electronics in 1971 to form the Besson division, and as part of a manufacturing group it assimilated injection mouldings and designed and manufactured printed circuit boards. On 2 March 1990 Hosiden Corporation, acquired the company. Its capabilities now include acoustic, electronic, research and development, fire products, transmission products, manufacture and assembly, injection molding, and distribution.

text:
# Hosiden

**Hosiden Corporation** (ホシデン株式会社, *Hoshiden Kabushiki Kaisha*) is a Japanese electronics company. It manufactures electronic components and devices and has a strong presence in the telecommunication and automotive industries prior to the consumer markets. It is headquartered in Yao, Osaka and has over 19 factories and more than 12,000 workers.

Its products include connectors, memory card connectors, LCDs (Square and Rounded) and micro switches.

For its application in S-Video, the 4-pin Hosiden, Oshiden, or Ushiden connector is often wrongly called mini-DIN connector. Hosiden Besson Limited was established in 1957, trading as A P Besson and Partner Limited in the UK, manufacturing earpieces for the National Health Service. It was sold to Crystalate Electronics in 1971 to form the Besson division, and as part of a manufacturing group it assimilated injection mouldings and designed and manufactured printed circuit boards. On 2 March 1990 Hosiden Corporation, acquired the company. Its capabilities now include acoustic, electronic, research and development, fire products, transmission products, manufacture and assembly, injection molding, and distribution.

## InfoBox

Hosiden Corporation
|
|  |
| Native name | ホシデン株式会社 |
| Romanized name | Hoshiden Kabushiki Kaisha |
| Company type | Public |
| Traded as | TYO: 6804 |
| Founded | 14 September 1950<br>Japan |
| Headquarters | Yao, Osaka |
| Website | www.hosiden.com |


title: Forcible felony

abstract: A forcible felony, in the criminal law of various US states, is a felony that is subject to special penalties because it involves the use or threat of physical force. Forcible felonies are defined by statute. Typical examples of forcible felonies include murder, arson, rape, kidnapping, and armed robbery.

text:
# Forcible felony

A **forcible felony**, in the criminal law of various US states, is a felony that is subject to special penalties because it involves the use or threat of physical force. Forcible felonies are defined by statute. Typical examples of forcible felonies include murder, arson, rape, kidnapping, and armed robbery.

## Police pursuits

Some states have adopted a "forcible felony rule", under which police are only authorized to use deadly force to apprehend people suspected of forcible felonies. Prior to the Supreme Court's 1985 decision in *Tennessee v. Garner*, this was a minority position, and many states authorized deadly force to apprehend any fleeing felon.

Many jurisdictions came to adopt the forcible felony rule for vehicular pursuits as well.

## Self-defense

Many states authorize the use of lethal force to prevent the commission of a forcible felony against oneself or others. These include Florida, Illinois, Oklahoma and Utah.

## Florida

Florida defines forcible felonies to include treason and burglary as well as violent felonies. Forcible felonies are subject to mandatory minimum sentences under the state's 10-20-Life law.

## Illinois

In addition to violent crimes, forcible felonies under Illinois law include burglary, residential burglary, and treason. Any felony may be a forcible felony under Illinois law if the felony "involves the use or threat of physical force or violence".

The Illinois rule for felony murder defines any killing that occurs in the commission of a forcible felony as first-degree murder, regardless of intent (unless the felony itself is second-degree murder). A 2021 reform included in the SAFE-T Act narrowed that rule to require that one of the participants in the felony have "caused the death of a person".

In 2018, Illinois was the first state in the US to adopt legislation recognizing postpartum depression and postpartum psychosis as mitigating factors in forcible felonies. The legislation applies to criminal sentencing as well as post-conviction relief.

## Works cited

* Tennenbaum, Abraham N. (1994). "The Influence of the Garner Decision on Police Use of Deadly Force". *Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology*. **85** (1): 241–260. doi:10.2307/1144118. JSTOR 1144118.


title: Forcible entry

abstract: Forcible entry is "the unlawful taking of possession of real property by force or threats of force or unlawful entry into or onto another's property, especially when accompanied by force". The term is also sometimes used for entry by military, police, or emergency personnel, also called breaching. For the fire service, forcible entry is defined by the International Fire Service Training Association (IFSTA) as: The techniques used to get into buildings or other areas of confinement when normal means of entry are locked or blocked. Breaching doorways can be differentiated as "through the lock" or "through the door" depending on the techniques used.

text:
# Forcible entry

**Forcible entry** is "the unlawful taking of possession of real property by force or threats of force or unlawful entry into or onto another's property, especially when accompanied by force". The term is also sometimes used for entry by military, police, or emergency personnel, also called breaching. For the fire service, forcible entry is defined by the International Fire Service Training Association (IFSTA) as:

> The techniques used to get into buildings or other areas of confinement when normal means of entry are locked or blocked.

Breaching doorways can be differentiated as "through the lock" or "through the door" depending on the techniques used.

## England and Wales

**Forcible entry** was a common law offence in England and Wales, but was abolished, along with forcible detainer, by the Criminal Law Act 1977. It was replaced with a new offence of "using violence to secure entry" under section 6 of that Act.

Formerly the Forcible Entry Act 1381, the Forcible Entry Act 1391, the Forcible Entry Act 1429, the Forcible Entry Act 1588 and the Forcible Entry Act 1623 (repealed).

Judge Donaldson considered the question of forcible entry in the UK, in *Swales v. Cox* (1981):

> ... he uses force if he applies any energy to the obstacle with a view to removing it. It would follow that, if my view is correct, where there is a door which is ajar but it is insufficiently ajar for someone to go through the opening without moving the door and energy is applied to that door to make it open further, force is being used. A fortiori force is used when the door is latched and you turn the handle from the outside and then ease the door open. Similarly, if someone opens any window or increases the opening in any window, or indeed dislodges the window by the application of any energy, he is using force to enter ...

For other crimes related to forcible entry, see:

For methods used by military, police, and emergency services to enter buildings, see:

1. *Merriam-Webster's Dictionary of Law*. Merriam-Webster, Inc. 1996.
2. Bertram, Trevor (n.d.). "Forcible Entry Tools" (PDF). *firetrainingtoolbox.com*. Fire Training Toolbox. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 February 2018. Retrieved 7 January 2017.
3. section 6, Criminal Law Act 1977
4. *Constitutional and administrative law* (Pollard, Parpworth and Hughes), 2007, p.723


title: Pedro Ernesto

abstract: Pedro Ernesto do Rego Baptista, or simply "Pedro Ernesto" as he would later be known, was a successful medical surgeon who became mayor of Rio de Janeiro in mid-1931. His two terms were from September 30, 1931, until October 2, 1934; and from April 7, 1935, until April 4, 1936.

text:
# Pedro Ernesto

**Pedro Ernesto do Rego Baptista**, or simply "**Pedro Ernesto**" as he would later be known, was a successful medical surgeon who became mayor of Rio de Janeiro in mid-1931. His two terms were from September 30, 1931, until October 2, 1934; and from April 7, 1935, until April 4, 1936.

## Biography

Pedro Ernesto would later be known as the first Populist Brazilian politician. His victory in the elections for mayor was partly due to the backing of then-president of Brazil, Getúlio Vargas. During his term in office, he made several social and populist reforms in the fields of health care, education, and indigenous culture (to his credit stands the revival of the Samba).

He quickly became the most popular politician in Brazil, and was even considered as a suitable candidate for the future presidential elections of 1938.

In 1936, however, Ernesto was charged with participation in a communist conspiracy against the government, and was arrested. He spent the next few years defending himself against charges of treason, and was eventually absolved. By then, however, Vargas had already launched his autocratic "New State" (Estado Novo), erasing the possibility of democratic elections.

## Pedro Ernesto Medal

In October 1980, the Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro, whose building is called "Pedro Ernesto Palace", instituted a medal with his name, considered the maximum commendation of the municipality.

It was severely questioned in 2006, after the ex-deputy Roberto Jefferson, confessed defendant and impeached for participating in the "mensalão scandal", was decorated with it by his own daughter, councilor Cristiane Brasil. The cartoonist "Jaguar" returned his medal, given eight years earlier by the then councilman Chico Alencar.

### Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Pedro Ernesto | |
| --- | --- |
| Pedro Ernesto do Rego Baptista | |
| Born | (1884-09-25)September 25, 1884
Recife, Pernambuco |
| Died | August 10, 1942(1942-08-10) (aged 57)
Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro |
| Occupation(s) | Physician and politician |


title: Forkland, Kentucky

abstract: Forkland is a small unincorporated community in southwestern Boyle County, Kentucky, United States, along the North Rolling Fork. It is part of the Danville Micropolitan Statistical Area. The area was settled by 1800 and the name was in use at an early date. A Forkland post office, possibly located a little to the east at the mouth of Hungry Neck Fork, operated from 1891 to 1905.

text:
# Forkland, Kentucky

**Forkland** is a small unincorporated community in southwestern Boyle County, Kentucky, United States, along the North Rolling Fork. It is part of the Danville Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The area was settled by 1800 and the name was in use at an early date. A Forkland post office, possibly located a little to the east at the mouth of Hungry Neck Fork, operated from 1891 to 1905.

37°33′09″N 84°58′48″W / 37.552573°N 84.979957°W / 37.552573; -84.979957


title: Peggy Schibi

abstract: Peggy Schibi is an American television soap opera script writer.

text:
# Peggy Schibi

**Peggy Schibi** (also known as *Peggi Schibi*) is an American television soap opera script writer.

## Positions held

*Another World*

* Script Writer: 1987 - 1988

*Days of Our Lives*

* Script Editor: February 1997 - February 1999
* Script Writer: October 1986 - January 1987, September 1993 - February 1997

*General Hospital*

* Script Writer: 1983 - 1984, 1989

*Guiding Light*

* Script Writer: 1991 - 1993

*Passions*

* Script Writer: 1999 - 2007

## Awards and nominations

**Daytime Emmy Awards**

**WINS**

* (1993; Best Writing; *Guiding Light*)

**NOMINATIONS**

* (1984; Best Writing; *General Hospital*)
* (1992; Best Writing; *Guiding Light*)
* (1994, 1997, 1998 & 1999; Best Writing; *Days of Our Lives*)
* (2001, 2002 & 2003; Best Writing; *Passions*)

**Writers Guild of America Award**

**WINS**

* (2000 season; *Days of Our Lives*)

**NOMINATIONS**

* (1988 & 1994 seasons; *Days of Our Lives*)
* (2001 season; *Passions*)


title: Payera

abstract: Payera is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It was described by Henri Ernest Baillon in 1878. The genus is endemic to Madagascar.

text:
# Payera

***Payera*** is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It was described by Henri Ernest Baillon in 1878. The genus is endemic to Madagascar.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Payera* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Flowers in the family Rubiaceae | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Rubiaceae |
| Genus: | *Payera*
Baill. |
|
| Type species | |
| *Payera conspicua*
Baill. | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Coursiana* Homolle | |


title: Flávia Fernandes

abstract: Flávia Alvarenga Fernandes is a female water polo player from Brazil, who won the bronze medal with the Brazil women's national water polo team at the 2003 Pan American Games. She also competed at the 2007 Pan American Games, finishing in fourth place.

text:
# Flávia Fernandes

**Flávia Alvarenga Fernandes** (born February 13, 1981, in Goiânia) is a female water polo player from Brazil, who won the bronze medal with the Brazil women's national water polo team at the 2003 Pan American Games. She also competed at the 2007 Pan American Games, finishing in fourth place.

## InfoBox

Flávia Fernandes
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | February 13, 1981 |
| Medal record      Women's Water Polo  Representing  Brazil  Pan American Games  2003 Santo Domingo  Team | |


title: Pelargoderus vittatus

abstract: Pelargoderus vittatus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Audinet-Serville in 1835. It is known from Moluccas.

text:
# Pelargoderus vittatus

***Pelargoderus vittatus*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Audinet-Serville in 1835. It is known from Moluccas.

## InfoBox

| *Pelargoderus vittatus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | ***Pelargoderus*** |
| Species: | ***P. vittatus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pelargoderus vittatus***<br>Audinet-Serville, 1835 | |
|


title: Forest of Braydon

abstract: The Forest of Braydon is an historic royal hunting forest in Wiltshire, England, the remnant of which lies about 6 miles north-west of Swindon. In medieval times it encompassed about 30,000 acres.

text:
# Forest of Braydon

The **Forest of Braydon** (anciently **Bradon**) is an historic royal hunting forest in Wiltshire, England, the remnant of which lies about 6 miles north-west of Swindon. In medieval times it encompassed about 30,000 acres.

## History

In the year 688 Caedwalla, king of the West Saxons, granted to Abbot Aldhelm of Malmesbury Abbey in Wiltshire, thirty hides on the eastern side of Braydon Wood (*de orientali parte silve Bradon*).

At its greatest extent, Braydon Forest covered about a third of the area of the county of Wiltshire, but over the centuries most of it was gradually cleared. A 108-acre (44 ha) remnant south of Minety, known as Ravensroost Wood, was notified as a Site of Special Scientific Interest in 1989 and is managed as a nature reserve by Wiltshire Wildlife Trust.

## Keepers

Persons holding the office of "Keeper of the Forest of Bradon" include:


title: Pemafibrate

abstract: Pemafibrate, sold under the brand namd Parmodia, is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) agonist. It is developed and marketed by Kowa Pharmaceuticals. In July 2017, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency approved it in Japan.

text:
# Pemafibrate

**Pemafibrate**, sold under the brand namd **Parmodia**, is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) agonist. It is developed and marketed by Kowa Pharmaceuticals.

In July 2017, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency approved it in Japan.

## InfoBox

Pemafibrate
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Parmodia |
| Other names | K-13675 |
| Routes of
administration | Oral |
| ATC code |  |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status | * In general: ℞ (Prescription only) |
| Identifiers | |
| IUPAC name * (2*R*)-2-\[3-({1,3-Benzoxazol-2-yl\[3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl\]amino}methyl)phenoxy\]butanoic acid | |
| CAS Number |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| UNII |  |
| KEGG |  |
| ChEBI |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C28H30N2O6 |
| Molar mass | 490.556 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| SMILES * CC\[C@H\](C(=O)O)Oc1cccc(c1)CN(CCCOc2ccc(cc2)OC)c3nc4ccccc4o3 | |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C28H30N2O6/c1-3-25(27(31)32)35-23-9-6-8-20(18-23)19-30(28-29-24-10-4-5-11-26(24)36-28)16-7-17-34-22-14-12-21(33-2)13-15-22/h4-6,8-15,18,25H,3,7,16-17,19H2,1-2H3,(H,31,32)/t25-/m1/s1 * Key:ZHKNLJLMDFQVHJ-RUZDIDTESA-N | |