title: Whiplash (TV series)

abstract: Whiplash is a British/Australian television series in the Australian Western genre, produced by the Seven Network, ATV, and ITC Entertainment, and starring Peter Graves. Filmed in 1959-60, the series was first broadcast in the United Kingdom in September 1960, and in Australia in February 1961.

text:
# Whiplash (TV series)

***Whiplash*** is a British/Australian television series in the Australian Western genre, produced by the Seven Network, ATV, and ITC Entertainment, and starring Peter Graves. Filmed in 1959-60, the series was first broadcast in the United Kingdom in September 1960, and in Australia in February 1961.

## Overview

Set during the Australian gold rushes of the 1850s, the series was inspired by the life of Freeman Cobb, founder of the iconic Australian stagecoach line, Cobb and Co. However, the characters and events in the series bore no resemblance to the real Freeman Cobb or his company. Freeman Cobb did not carry a pistol or use a stockwhip to settle disputes.

The series was created by Michael Noonan and Michael Plant, and produced by Maurice Geraghty and Ben Fox at the Artransa Studios in Sydney, which were owned by ATV. Post-production was completed in the United Kingdom. Michael Plant and Ralph Peterson were story editors.

## Cast and characters

In his autobiography, associate producer and director of many episodes John Meredyth Lucas commented on the difficulty faced in casting the series. He wrote that actors with radio experience were generally used, because of concerns with the broad Australian accents of some performers. On his return to the US in October 1960, Graves also commented on the difficulty in finding actors. "Those we got were very good, but there just wasn't enough of them," he said.

### Main cast

Leading player, Peter Graves, was best known at the time for the TV Western Fury.

### Guest cast

## Episode list

The original air date is for ATV London. ITV regions varied date and order.

Production number refers to the order in the Network DVD booklet.

| No. | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original air date | Prod.
code |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Episode in Bathurst" | Peter Maxwell | Gene Roddenberry | 10 September 1960 (1960-09-10) | 102 |
| Three brothers set up roadblocks in the town of Bathurst demanding payment from passing traffic. With a big contract at stake Cobb must act quickly. | | | | | |
| 2 | "Convict Town" | Peter Maxwell | Dwight Newton | 17 September 1960 (1960-09-17) | 101 |
| Big Tom Ledward rules his settlement with a rod of iron much to his son, Dan Ledward, distaste and is determined to stop Cobb opening a new stage route. | | | | | |
| 3 | "Rider on the Hill" | John Meredyth Lucas | Harry Julian Fink | 24 September 1960 (1960-09-24) | 104 |
| A Cobb & Co. coach is wrecked by two bushrangers. A passenger is killed in the crash, and Cobb kills the bushrangers in self-defence. He later receives an Aboriginal death-stick, marking him to die at the next full moon. Defying the warning, Cobb takes a coach into Aboriginal territory, knowing that one of his passengers is his would-be killer. | | | | | |
| 4 | "Barbed Wire" | Peter Maxwell | Harry Julian Fink | 30 September 1960 (1960-09-30) | 108 |
| A vicious landowner has a young farmer flogged for attempting to fence in his land with barbed wire. Cobb and Ledward find the injured man, and Cobb goes after the landowner. Stars Robert Tudawali | | | | | |
| 5 | "Sarong" | John Meredyth Lucas | Gene Roddenberry | 8 October 1960 (1960-10-08) | 103 |
| Cobb heads north towards Brisbane to investigate the disappearance of several female indentured servants who have vanished while travelling on Cobb & Co. coaches. He finds that the women were kidnapped and taken to a secluded inlet, where they are forced to dive for pearls. | | | | | |
| 6 | "Dutchman's Reef" | Peter Maxwell | Gene Roddenberry | 15 October 1960 (1960-10-15) | 106 |
| A wealthy matriarch asks Cobb to search for her missing son rumoured to be living with an Aboriginal tribe, and stumbles across a legendary rich gold deposit, known as ‘Dutchman’s Reef’. Stars Leonard Teale | | | | | |
| 7 | "The Other Side of Swan" | Peter Maxwell | Michael Plant | 22 October 1960 (1960-10-22) | 107 |
| While in Melbourne to open a branch office, Cobb is asked to do a personal favour for Sir John Eddington, the Governor of New South Wales - to locate his brother, who fled England after being charged with murder. | | | | | |
| 8 | "The Actress" | Peter Maxwell | Gene Roddenberry | 29 October 1960 (1960-10-29) | 111 |
| Miners will no longer send their gold with Cobb & Co. - unless Cobb can prevent bushranger Mike Upton's raids on the coaches. During the trip, Upton waylays Cobb's coach and kidnaps a female passenger. Cobb trails Upton to his lair and rescues the girl. When their trail crosses that of the irate miners, who are intent on lynching Upton, the aspiring actress must give the performance of her career to save his life. Stars Jennifer Jayne | | | | | |
| 9 | "Love Story in Gold" | John Meredyth Lucas | James Clavell | 5 November 1960 (1960-11-05) | 105 |
| Cobb is paid handsomely to undertakes the transport of brandy, a trousseau and two coffins, into the heart of New South Wales. At the agreed meeting place, Cobb is overpowered and taken to meet the female leader of a group of escaped convicts. She tells Cobb that he is to marry her daughter and he will be given more gold than he can imagine. If he refuses, he will fill one of the coffins. Stars Neva Carr Glyn | | | | | |
| 10 | "The Bone that Whispered" | John Meredyth Lucas | Michael Plant | 3 December 1960 (1960-12-03) | 109 |
| Dan has vanished and when a small girl is left motherless, Cobb sets out to track down her father, a man charged with murder who has fled the law swearing his innocence and now lives with an Aboriginal tribe. Stars Nigel Lovell, Robert Tudawali | | | | | |
| 11 | "The Secret of Screaming Hills" | Peter Maxwell | Michael Plant | 10 December 1960 (1960-12-10) | 110 |
| Cobb finds a dying man in the bush, and undertakes to deliver a map to the man's wife. With the help of an Aboriginal, Cobb solves the mystery of the 'frog fella' and a missing treasure. | | | | | |
| 12 | "Act of Courage" | Ben Fox | Gerry Day | 17 December 1960 (1960-12-17) | 115 |
| On his way to testify at the trial of a bushranger charged with killing one of his stagecoach drivers, Cobb arrives at drought-stricken Cross Creek Way Station with two passengers, a married couple. He is met by a gang who plan to keep him prisoner until after the bushranger's trial. Stars Terry McDermott, Guy Doleman, Margo Lee | | | | | |
| 13 | "The Twisted Road" | Peter Maxwell | Michael Plant | 7 January 1961 (1961-01-07) | 118 |
| Returning to Brisbane from an outback run, Cobb's coach is commandeered to transport a prisoner, Ted Cammidge, who is to stand trial for murder, and is accompanied by his employer, Dr. Table, who plans to vouch for his innocence at the trial. Stars Rachael Lloyd, Ben Gabriel, Tom Farley. | | | | | |
| 14 | "Divide and Conquer" | Peter Maxwell | David Evans | 14 January 1961 (1961-01-14) | 120 |
| A murderous gang abduct Cobb and a Government minister looking for a mountain pass to open up the fertile land beyond. Stars Colin Croft, Owen Weingott | | | | | |
| 15 | "The Remittance Man" | John Meredyth Lucas | Wells Root and Ron Bishop | 21 January 1961 (1961-01-21) | 121 |
| Jimmy Quicksilver, a 'gentleman' bushranger who has been robbing coaches, asks Cobb to conceal knowledge of his activities from two members of his aristocratic family, who have come to Australia to take Quicksilver's son to England to be educated. Stars Stuart Wagstaff | | | | | |
| 16 | "Day of the Hunter" | Peter Maxwell | Michael Plant | 28 January 1961 (1961-01-28) | 117 |
| A squatter's farm where Cobb wants to build a way station is burned down by a land-hungry neighbour who trades on people's fears by terrorising their families. Cobb undertakes a hazardous crossing of an Aboriginal burial ground to assist. Stars Chips Rafferty | | | | | |
| 17 | "The Solid Gold Brigade" | Maury Geraghty | Michael Plant | 4 February 1961 (1961-02-04) | 119 |
| Cobb is transporting miner's gold from Fury Creek to Sydney, but en route a bushranger shoots him and leaves him for dead. The bushranger takes Cobb's coach and clothes to impersonate him and get away with the gold. Stars John Gray | | | | | |
| 18 | "Stage for Two" | Peter Maxwell | Terry Maples | 11 February 1961 (1961-02-11) | 112 |
| Cobb becomes the reluctant ally of an escaping bank robber who is sought not only by the police, but also by the outlaw gang he has cheated. Stars Leonard Teale | | | | | |
| 19 | "Canoomba Incident" | Peter Maxwell | Richard Grey and Ralph Peterson | 18 February 1961 (1961-02-18) | 122 |
| Upon arrival in Canoomba, Cobb and Dan Ledward find the men are away digging gold and the women are running the town. Dan Ledward finds romance in the town before being assigned the perilous task of carrying a fortune in gold from the diggings to Canoomba. Stars Janette Craig, Brenda Senders | | | | | |
| 20 | "The Rushing Sands" | Peter Maxwell | Michael Plant | 25 February 1961 (1961-02-25) | 123 |
| In his Duranga office, Cobb finds Peter Hibberd, a one time star driver for the Cobb & Co stage line and now a mere husk of a man expecting death. Hibberd dedicates his last days to tracking down a bushranger who is believed to have murdered his son. Stars Gordon Glenwright | | | | | |
| 21 | "The Adelaide Arabs" | Peter Maxwell | Ralph Peterson | 4 March 1961 (1961-03-04) | 127 |
| Cobb is in competition to buy three magnificent Arabian horses, and the contest soon becomes a fight to the death after he is robbed by three masked men who intend to buy the horses. Stars Chips Rafferty, Stuart Wagstaff | | | | | |
| 22 | "The Hunters" | John Meredyth Lucas | Morris L West | 11 March 1961 (1961-03-11) | 113 |
| A white cattleman, Dillon, inadvertently interrupts the ritual killing of a bull by a tribe of Aboriginals, and must himself be killed to complete the cycle of events. Seriously wounded Dillon manages to escape. When Dillon's riderless horse returns to the homestead Cobb sets out on a desperate race against time. Stars Robert Tudawali | | | | | |
| 23 | "The Legacy" | John Meredyth Lucas | Bill Templeton | 18 March 1961 (1961-03-18) | 124 |
| Anxious to obtain good grazing land for his horses, Cobb approaches the heir to a dilapidated estate to enquire about a grazing lease on the property. Cobb's request falls on unresponsive ears and a chain of events behind an Aboriginal boys stolen legacy. | | | | | |
| 24 | "Fire Rock" | John Meredyth Lucas | Michael Plant | 25 March 1961 (1961-03-25) | 126 |
| A trusted Cobb & Co agent disappears in the ‘Taroomba’ (burning land),a sacred Aboriginal burial ground which is rich in opal. His alluring wife, persuades Cobb to lead a search party. Stars Robert Tudawali, Delia Williams | | | | | |
| 25 | "Stage Freight" | Peter Maxwell | Ralph Peterson | 8 April 1961 (1961-04-08) | 125 |
| Cobb has a full load of passengers on the return journey from Mowamba, and it seems certain that among them are a man and a woman who have committed a brutal murder. | | | | | |
| 26 | "The Wreckers" | John Meredyth Lucas | Daphne Field | 15 April 1961 (1961-04-15) | 114 |
| A group of bushrangers capture a Cobb & Co. coach, and use it in a series of raids and robberies implicating Cobb. To protect his company's reputation, Cobb tracks down the bushrangers. Stars Guy Doleman, Robert Tudawali | | | | | |
| 27 | "Portrait in Gunpowder" | John Meredyth Lucas | Michael Plant | 22 April 1961 (1961-04-22) | 134 |
| Cobb accepts a commission to transport a renowned artist newly arrived from France to an undisclosed destination. He again crosses the path of Jimmy Quicksilver, a 'gentleman bushranger' whose dishonesty is equalled only by his good manners and sense of humour. Stars Stuart Wagstaff | | | | | |
| 28 | "Ribbons and Wheels" | Peter Maxwell | Ralph Peterson | 29 April 1961 (1961-04-29) | 131 |
| The sleepy calm of outback Ginini is shattered when Cobb accepts a challenge to race a Western Co. stagecoach over the usual route to Brindabella to win the exclusive franchise for the route. | | | | | |
| 29 | "Flood Tide" | Ben Fox | Michael Plant | 6 May 1961 (1961-05-06) | 129 |
| Their route cut off by a flood Cobb and his sole passenger, Sarah Bartley, spend the night in a deserted house. During the night a violent storm strikes, and all is not as it seems when a mysterious stranger arrives to seek shelter. | | | | | |
| 30 | "Storm River" | John Meredyth Lucas | Michael Plant | 13 May 1961 (1961-05-13) | 130 |
| During a violent storm with a lame horse, Cobb is felled by an unseen foe. He recovers consciousness in an outback cabin, minus his money-belt. The cabin's other occupant is a girl who wants to travel to Sydney. She asks Cobb to take her with him, but when they set off they meet with deadly opposition. Stars Annette Andre | | | | | |
| 31 | "Dilemma in Wool" | Peter Maxwell | Ralph Peterson | 20 May 1961 (1961-05-20) | 133 |
| Cobb becomes involved in the strange story of a beautiful Spanish woman, and a disapproving family. The beginning of Australia's wool growing industry. Stars Lionel Long, Nigel Lovell | | | | | |
| 32 | "Magic Wire" | Peter Maxwell | Ralph Peterson | 27 May 1961 (1961-05-27) | 132 |
| Aboriginal attacks imperil the laying of an overhead telegraph line. Cobb, contracted to freight supplies from the coast to a telegraph construction camp, discovers that the attacks are being instigated by a white man. Stars Terry McDermott, Robert Tudawali | | | | | |
| 33 | "The Haunted Valley" | John Meredyth Lucas | Gerry Day | 3 June 1961 (1961-06-03) | 116 |
| Cattlemen at Wallaby Junction lose stock in mysterious thefts which convince Cobb that there must be a secret pass through the surrounding mountains. He sets out to find the trail and catch the thief. | | | | | |
| 34 | "Dark Runs the Sea" | John Meredyth Lucas | Oscar Maillard and Michael Plant | 10 June 1961 (1961-06-10) | 128 |
| Attractive, adventurous, niece of the local magistrate, is kidnapped in the outback. Cobb is mystified when he discovers that she is apparently a willing victim, and her uncle is reluctant to press on with the search for her. Stars Annette Andre, Guy Doleman, Reg Lye | | | | | |

## Background and production

### Development

Michael Noonan had created and written a British TV series shot in Australia called *The Flying Doctor*. *Whiplash* was a similar international production. The show was mostly financed by Lew Grade's ITC productions, but was aimed at the international market, leading to many Americans being in key creative roles. Post production was done in the UK.

Co-producing partners included Australia's Artransa Park Studios and Britain's ATV.

### Filming

Filming started in October 1959 at Artransa Park Studios in Frenchs Forest, a Sydney suburb, with location work at Scone, New South Wales and elsewhere.

Graves told the *Sydney Morning Herald* that "Nearly all the American Westerns are shot within 30 miles of Hollywood and a lot of that scenery is becoming mighty familiar to TV viewers. Now this scenery here is refreshing — something entirely new to folks overseas. We're trying to keep right away from that word 'Western' by labelling the series a romantic adventure."

In his memoirs, Lucas commented on the difficulties faced because of the sometimes inexperienced Australian crew. Production was also initially difficult because of the competing expectations of production partners from three different countries. The production team was restructured from episode six onwards, after which Ben Fox was appointed producer with Leslie Harris as executive producer.

Filming re-commenced on 4 March 1960. The budget of the series was a reported £650,000.

In May 1960, it was reported the unit of 22 actors and crew had left Sydney for Alice Springs to film sequences over ten days, including scenes at Ayers Rock, the MacDonnell Ranges and the Ormiston Gorge. By that stage, ten episodes had been shot and the series sold to ATN Channel 7. Fox announced that both American and British television groups were "likely to be very interested in buying the series".

### Music

Theme Music: Words and Music by Edwin Astley, sung by Frank Ifield.

### Incidental music

Edwin Astley, Albert Elms

## Release

### Broadcast

In 1961, it became one of the original twelve programs aired by the new CTV network in Canada, and the only one produced in Australia.

### Home media

On 7 December 2009, Network released a Region 2 five-DVD set.

On 18 September 2012, Timeless Media Group released *Whiplash - The Complete Series* on DVD in Region 1. The 4-disc set featured all 34 episodes of the series.

| DVD name | Format | Ep# | Discs | Region 1 (USA) | Region 2 (UK) | Region 4 (Australia) | Special Features | Distributors |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Whiplash: The Complete Series | DVD | 34 | 5 |  | 7 December 2009 |  | Extensive Image Galleries PDF material |  |
| Whiplash - The Complete Series | DVD | 34 | 4 | 18 September 2012 |  |  | None | Timeless Media Group |
| Whiplash - The Complete Series | DVD | 34 | 4 |  |  | 19 June 2024 | Image Gallery | Via Vision Entertainment |
|

* "*The Australian Film and Television Companion*" — compiled by Tony Harrison — Simon & Schuster Australia, 1994
* Atkinson, Stephen (2007). "A Rumble in the Great Australian Silence: whiplash and the Telling of the Australian Frontier". In Liz, Liz; Dolin, Tim (eds.). *Australian Television History*. ACH: The Journal of the History of Culture in Australia. Australian Public Intellectual Network. pp. 37–57.
* Vagg, Stephen (11 December 2021). "Forgotten Australian TV Series: Whiplash". *FilmInk*. Retrieved 12 December 2021.

## InfoBox

| *Whiplash* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Genre | Australian Western |
| Created by |  |
| Written by |  |
| Starring |  |
| Theme music composer | Edwin Astley |
| Opening theme | "Whiplash" sung by Frank Ifield |
| Composers |  |
| Country of origin | * United Kingdom * Australia |
| Original language | English |
| No. of series | 1 |
| No. of episodes | 34 (list of episodes) |
| Production | |
| Executive producers |  |
| Producers | * Maurice Geraghty * Ben Fox |
| Production location | Australia: Artransa Park Studios |
| Running time | 25 min. |
| Production companies |  |
| Original release | |
| Network |  |
| Release | 10 September 1960 (1960-09-10)
10 June 1961 (1961-06-10) |


title: Samuel van den Bergh

abstract: Samuel van den Bergh was one of the main European Jewish margarine and soap manufacturers in the early 20th century. In 1888, the year his father, Simon van den Bergh, opened his first German margarine factory in Kleve, van den Bergh joined his father's margarine company, of which he became general director in 1909 after his father's death in 1907. He was initially in fierce competition with another manufacturer from Oss, Netherlands, named Antonius Johannes Jurgens, whose grandfather, Antoon Jurgens, had founded the first margarine factory in the world in 1870 in Oss by "using" a French patent and operated another German factory in nearby Goch. Both competitors merged in 1927 to form the Margarine Unie in Rotterdam.

text:
# Samuel van den Bergh

**Samuel van den Bergh** (6 April 1864, in Geffen – 4 February 1941, in Nice) was one of the main European Jewish margarine and soap manufacturers in the early 20th century.

In 1888, the year his father, Simon van den Bergh, opened his first German margarine factory in Kleve, van den Bergh joined his father's margarine company, of which he became general director in 1909 after his father's death in 1907. He was initially in fierce competition with another manufacturer from Oss, Netherlands, named Antonius Johannes Jurgens, whose grandfather, Antoon Jurgens, had founded the first margarine factory in the world in 1870 in Oss by "using" a French patent and operated another German factory in nearby Goch. Both competitors merged in 1927 to form the Margarine Unie in Rotterdam (which would merge in 1930 with Lever Brothers to form Unilever).

## Further reading

* Charles Wilson: *The history of Unilever. A study in economic growth and social change*. 2 vols. London, Cassell & Company, 1954. Ed. Cassell 1970: ISBN 0-304-93605-7


title: Paracossus parvus

abstract: Paracossus parvus is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Sri Lanka.

text:
# Paracossus parvus

***Paracossus parvus*** is a moth in the family Cossidae. It is found in Sri Lanka.

## InfoBox

| *Paracossus parvus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Cossidae |
| Genus: | *Paracossus* |
| Species: | ***P. parvus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Paracossus parvus***<br>Hampson, 1904 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Paracossus parva* | |


title: Philenoptera

abstract: Philenoptera is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes 11 species of trees, shrubs, and more rarely lianas native to sub-Saharan Africa. Typical habitats include seasonally-dry tropical forest, woodland, wooded grassland, and bushland. Four species are native to the Zambezian region, 3 species to the Sudanian region, 2 species to the Zanzibar-Inhambane and Tongaland-Pondoland regions, 1 species to the Somali-Masai region, 1 species to the Guineo-Congolian region, and 1 to Madagascar.

text:
# Philenoptera

***Philenoptera*** is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It includes 11 species of trees, shrubs, and more rarely lianas native to sub-Saharan Africa. Typical habitats include seasonally-dry tropical forest, woodland, wooded grassland, and bushland. Four species are native to the Zambezian region, 3 species to the Sudanian region, 2 species to the Zanzibar-Inhambane and Tongaland-Pondoland regions, 1 species to the Somali-Masai region, 1 species to the Guineo-Congolian region, and 1 to Madagascar.

## Species

As of September 2023, Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:

## InfoBox

| *Philenoptera* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Apple-leaf tree in the Kruger Park | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Faboideae |
| Tribe: | Millettieae |
| Genus: | *Philenoptera*<br>Hochst. ex A. Rich. (1848) |
|
| Species | |
| 11; see text | |


title: Vic Roberts

abstract: Victor George Roberts was an English rugby union player.

text:
# Vic Roberts

**Victor George Roberts** (6 August 1924 – 14 March 2004) was an English rugby union player.

## Biography

Vic Roberts was capped 16 times for the England national rugby union team between 1947 and 1956. He was also captain of the *Roses XV* in 1951. He was part of the British Lions in 1950 against Australia and New Zealand. He was later vice-president and co-selector for the *Lions*.

At club level, Roberts played for Penryn and Harlequins before transferring to Swansea when his job in Customs and Excise took him to the town. He also played for invitational touring side the Barbarians and later became their vice-president.

## InfoBox

Vic Roberts
| Roberts in 1950 | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Victor George Roberts |
| Date of birth | (1924-08-06)6 August 1924 |
| Place of birth | Penryn, Cornwall, England |
| Date of death | 14 March 2004(2004-03-14) (aged 79) |
| Place of death | Horsham, West Sussex |
| School | Falmouth Grammar School |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)** Flanker  Senior career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  Penryn RFC
Harlequin F.C.
Swansea RFC
Barbarian F.C.   ()  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1947–1956 England  16  Pts:6;
Tries:2 | |


title: Mladen Zrilić

abstract: Mladen Zrilić is a Serbian volleyball player.

text:
# Mladen Zrilić

**Mladen Zrilić** is a Serbian volleyball player.

## Career

Zrilić started playing volleyball at age of 13 years old. He started his professional career in his home town Pozarevac playing for team known as Volleyball team Mladi Radnik. Mladen was on the youth and junior national team list and member as well for various competition.

Season 2005-06 team Hadberg SC from Austria

Season 2006-07 team Sibenk SC from Croatia

Season 2007-2008 team Mladi Radnik Pozarevac from Serbia

Season 2008-09 team Trgu Muresh from Romania

Season 2010-11 team Amrsvil from Switzerland

Season 2010-11 team Kalamur SC from Lebanon

Season 2011-12 team Ghazir Sc Lebanon

Season 2013-18 team El Jaish SC Qatar Doha

## Qualifications

Academic: BSc Economy-Operational Management, College of professional studies for Management and Business communication, Sremski Karlovci, Serbia

* from 2016: Certified Volleyball Coach, III degree Faculty of Sport and Tourism, Novi Sad, Serbia

* from 2018: licensed volleyball coach certified by https://www.ossrb.org/. Licence No. 239/17 member of coach organization from Serbia

## InfoBox

| Mladen Zrilic | |
| --- | --- |
| Zrilić in 2014 | |
| Personal information | |
| Full name | Mladen Zrilić |
| Nickname | Mlađa, Zrika, Zićo |
| Nationality | Serbia / Montenegro |
| Born | (1986-07-29) 29 July 1986<br>Požarevac, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia |
| Height | 196 |
| Weight | 87 |
| Spike | 3.45 |
| Block | 3.35 |
| College / University | Faculty of Economics |
| Volleyball information | |
| Current club | El Jaish Qatar |


title: Mladen Wacha

abstract: Mladen Wacha, also spelled as Mladen Vaha is a former Yugoslav football player and coach.

text:
# Mladen Wacha

**Mladen Wacha**, also spelled as **Mladen Vaha** (born in 1942) is a former Yugoslav football player and coach.

## Career

Born in Metlika in 1942, right in middle of Second World War when the town was part of the Province of Ljubljana which was annexed by Fascist Italy, he started playing in the youth team of NK Zagreb. He debuted for the first team in 1958 and played until 1969. For NK Zagreb he made around 300 league appearances, and scored 70 goals in both Yugoslav First and Second leagues. Wacha joined FK Bor which was playing in the Yugoslav elite and was coached by Marcel Žigante. He made 17 appearances and scored one goal in the 1970–71 Yugoslav First League. Wacha left Bor in summer 1972.

He also played for the youth team of the city of Zagreb, youth team of SR Croatia, and Yugoslavia U-18 national team. His highlight was the appearance for the Yugoslav B national team in a game in Skopje, played on October 10, 1965, against France where he scored both goals in Yugoslav victory by 2–1.

He played as midfielder and was known for his good long-distance shot. From 1972 on he is the coach of the youth teams of NK Zagreb, having won with them the Croatian youth championship in 1991.

## InfoBox

Mladen Wacha
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Mladen Wacha | | |
| Date of birth | 1942 (age 8182) | | |
| Place of birth | Metlika, Province of Ljubljana,<br>Kingdom of Italy | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 0000–1958 | NK Zagreb | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1958–1969 | NK Zagreb |  |  |
| 1970–1972 | FK Bor |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 1959 | Yugoslavia U-18 | 1 | (1) |
| 1965 | Yugoslavia B | 1 | (2) |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 1972–199x | NK Zagreb (youth) | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Mladen Vujić

abstract: Mladen Vujić is a Serbian professional basketball player for Podgorica of the Prva A Liga and the ABA League Second Division.

text:
# Mladen Vujić

**Mladen Vujić** (Serbian Cyrillic: Младен Вујић; born 14 August 1998) is a Serbian professional basketball player for Podgorica of the Prva A Liga and the ABA League Second Division.

## Playing career

Vujić played for his hometown teams Žarkovo and OKK Beograd, as well as Novi Sad-based Vojvodina.

On 17 June 2021, Vujić signed a contract with Mega Basket. On 15 June 2022, Vujić signed a contract for Podgorica.

## InfoBox

Mladen Vujić
| No. 3  Podgorica | |
| --- | --- |
| Position | Center |
| League | Prva A Liga
ABA League Second Division |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1998-08-14) 14 August 1998
Belgrade, FR Yugoslavia |
| Nationality | Serbian |
| Listed height | 2.05 m (6 ft 9 in) |
| Listed weight | 110 kg (243 lb) |
| Career information | |
| NBA draft | 2020: undrafted |
| Playing career | 2016–present |
| Career history | |
| 2016–2018 | Žarkovo |
| 2018–2021 | OKK Beograd |
| 2021 | Vojvodina |
| 2021–2022 | Mega Basket |
| 2022–present | Podgorica |
|  | |


title: Wifelike

abstract: Wifelike is a 2022 American science fiction thriller film written and directed by James Bird and starring Jonathan Rhys Meyers and Elena Kampouris.

text:
# Wifelike

***Wifelike*** is a 2022 American science fiction thriller film written and directed by James Bird and starring Jonathan Rhys Meyers and Elena Kampouris.

## Plot

In the future, the company "Wifelike" creates expensive android replicas of dead women for their widowers. The companions are subservient to their respective owners while gradually developing consciousness. S.C.A.I.R., a group of militant activists, seek to destroy the company for their AI exploitation, seeing the companions as slaves. A branch of their group is committing terrorist acts to accomplish their mission; these supposedly involve stealing robots from their owners, reprogramming them, and using them to perform various crimes, including bombing buildings. The police cannot locate their leader, nicknamed "the Ringmaster".

Seasoned policeman William Bradwell works in finding stolen androids and returning them home. He orders one made to resemble his deceased love, Meredith. Once activated, the companion starts learning about Meredith to become more like her. According to William, Meredith used to be a S.C.A.I.R activist, until she fell in love with him, abandoned her cause, and married him. This is not the first time that William has gone through this process; previous iterations of his Meredith replica have already been stolen by S.C.A.I.R. and recovered by him, with her memory of the experience being wiped every time.

While becoming more like Meredith, William's companion starts dreaming about a masked man who claims to know her from before the last memory wipe. She also starts receiving visits from Louise, a member of S.C.A.I.R. who seems to have talked to the companion's previous iterations. Meanwhile, William discovers that some companions have voluntarily joined S.C.A.I.R. to escape their owners. One of them kills herself after William finds her, not wanting to lose her memory and return to her subservient life.

After learning of his companions' dreams, William convinces his partner, Jack Doerksen, to help him get into the "dreamscape" that manages the companions and their thoughts to arrest the masked man, who claims to be the Ringleader. The two have a physical confrontation, but the companion disconnects him from the Dreamscape before he can murder the Ringleader. Furious, William storms out of the room, refusing to explain to Jack why he lied to him about his intentions.

William takes his companion to Wifelike to have her memory wiped again. Before being submitted to the procedure, the companion talks to other androids; most of them seem to be members of S.C.A.I.R. and recognize her as one of their own. According to them, she has hidden memories in her hard-drive and can access them even after they reboot her. She has been maintaining her role as William's companion in the hopes of learning something important. After her memory is wiped again, the companion fools William into believing that she does not remember anything from the night before.

Jack's girlfriend is visited by Louise, who delivers proof that the man who they have identified as the Ringleader, Keene Morrison, has been dead for a long time and only exists in the hard drive of William's companion. Jack confronts William with this information. William admits that he killed Keene, who was Meredith's actual boyfriend, and forced Meredith to live with him as he was in love with her. Their abusive relationship ended with William smothering her with a pillow and putting an engagement ring on her dead body so he could have her remade as an android by Wifelike.

Having been caught, William kills Jack. The companion reveals that William has been manipulated from the start, with Louise using a mask and voice changer to impersonate Keene and reveal his true character to Jack; she now has proof that he also murdered the real Keene and stole the ring he planned to give to Meredith. The companion overrides her safety protocols, kills William, and returns to her S.C.A.I.R. base, where she meets with other free companions. She is the actual Ringmaster, and decides to take the next step in the coming revolution.

The founder of Wifelike puts out a public message announcing that his company is prepared to take a more active role in the fight against S.C.A.I.R. and the rogue companions. He reveals that William, now an android himself, will be in charge of this new effort.

## Cast

## Release

The film was released in select theaters, on demand and on digital on August 12, 2022. As of December 2023 it is available on Netflix.

## Reception

The film has a 17% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on six reviews.

## InfoBox

| Wifelike | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | James Bird |
| Written by | James Bird |
| Starring | Jonathan Rhys Meyers<br>Elena Kampouris |
| Release date | * August 12, 2022 (2022-08-12) |
| Running time | 105 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Moane

abstract: Moane is a village in Øystre Slidre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located on the east side of the river Volbuelve, on a hillside between the lakes Heggefjorden and Volbufjorden. The village of Heggenes lies about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the northwest, the village of Volbu lies about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the west, and the village of Rogne lies about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) to the southeast. The Norwegian County Road 51 runs through the village. The 0.63-square-kilometre (160-acre) village has a population (2021) of 341 and a population density of 541 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,400/sq mi).

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# Moane

**Moane** is a village in Øystre Slidre Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The village is located on the east side of the river Volbuelve, on a hillside between the lakes Heggefjorden and Volbufjorden. The village of Heggenes lies about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the northwest, the village of Volbu lies about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) to the west, and the village of Rogne lies about 3.5 kilometres (2.2 mi) to the southeast. The Norwegian County Road 51 runs through the village.

The 0.63-square-kilometre (160-acre) village has a population (2021) of 341 and a population density of 541 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,400/sq mi).

## InfoBox

| Moane | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| MoaneLocation of the villageMoaneMoane (Norway) | |
| Coordinates: 61°07′31″N 9°05′44″E / 61.12525°N 9.09548°E / 61.12525; 9.09548 | |
| Country | Norway |
| Region | Eastern Norway |
| County | Innlandet |
| District | Valdres |
| Municipality | Øystre Slidre Municipality |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.63 km2 (0.24 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 537 m (1,762 ft) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 341 |
| Density | 541/km2 (1,400/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Post Code | 2943 Rogne |


title: White-naped tit

abstract: The white-naped tit, sometimes called white-winged tit, is a passerine bird in the tit family Paridae. It is endemic to India where it is found in dry thorn scrub forest in two disjunct populations, in western India and southern India. Its specific name nuchalis means ‘of the nuchal, nape’. This species is hard to mistake with its contrasting black and white patterns without the grey wing coverts and back of the partly sympatric cinereous tit. This species is very patchily distributed and has been considered to be vulnerable to extinction especially because of the scarcity of suitable habitats particularly nest cavities made by woodpeckers.

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# White-naped tit

The **white-naped tit** (***Machlolophus nuchalis***), sometimes called **white-winged tit**, is a passerine bird in the tit family Paridae. It is endemic to India where it is found in dry thorn scrub forest in two disjunct populations, in western India and southern India. Its specific name *nuchalis* means ‘of the nuchal, nape’.

This species is hard to mistake with its contrasting black and white patterns without the grey wing coverts and back of the partly sympatric cinereous tit (*Parus cinereus*). This species is very patchily distributed and has been considered to be vulnerable to extinction especially because of the scarcity of suitable habitats particularly nest cavities made by woodpeckers.

## Taxonomy

The white-naped tit was formerly one of the many species in the genus *Parus* but was moved to *Machlolophus* after a molecular phylogenetic analysis published in 2013 showed that the members of the new genus formed a distinct clade.

## Description

The only pied (black-and-white) tit in India, this species has the wing-coverts, crown, sides of head, chin, throat, a ventral band running down the breast and belly to the vent black. The cheeks below the eye, the ear-coverts and a patch on the nape are white. The wing has white on the outer primaries and the base of the secondaries. The last tertiaries are completely white. The two outer tail feathers are white while the next has the outer web white and the remaining black. The white of the flanks can be suffused with yellow.

## Distribution and habitat

This species was discovered in the Eastern Ghats near Nellore by T C Jerdon who received a specimen from a local hunter. A specimen was later obtained in 1863 from near Bangalore and for a long time the species was not observed anywhere in southern India. A O Hume had suggested in that the two populations might represent different species. The southern population was subsequently noted when Salim Ali collected specimens from the Biligirirangan Hills. The species occurs in the nearby Kaveri valley area where *Parus cinereus stupae* is also found. The species has also been reported from the Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh. Salim Ali had claimed that the two species were mutually exclusive, however there is no support for this. The distribution in western India is larger and better known, ranging mainly in areas of Kutch and extending into parts of Rajasthan and Haryana. A specimen in the British Museum marked as being from *Bootan* (Bhutan) is considered to be in error. Records from Wynaad, Anshi National Park and Dharwad have also been considered doubtful.

## Behaviour and ecology

These birds are believed to live at very low densities in small numbers. They are shy and are best detected by their calls which have been described as musical whistling notes *tee-whi-whi* or *see pit-pit-pit-pit*. They forage within well-established territories which pairs will defend from others of their own species. Both males and females make use of roost hollows and individuals have been observed to use the same roost for more than six years. The male of a pair accompanies the female to its roost before proceeds to his own roost site. The birds move their head from side to side in a nearby bush and then fly into the roost cavity, turning around at the entrance so that they can look out and fly if threatened. The birds feed on insects and the berries of *Salvadora oleoides*. They may also obtain nectar from the flowers of *Capparis aphylla* and will sometimes visit rainwater puddles to drink. The breeding season in Rajasthan is during the monsoons, from May to August. The nest is a pad of fibre and hair (sometimes plucked from roadkill) placed inside a cavity typically on a tree. They choose natural hollows as well as cavities made by woodpeckers and coppersmith barbets. Nests have been found in old trees of *Salvadora persica* and *Boswellia serrata*. The clutch size is not known but adults with three young have been observed. The female develops a brood-patch and it is not known if the male incubates. Males have been seen carrying food to the female at nest. Both parents take part in care of the chicks. The chicks are fed mainly with non-hairy caterpillars, the parents may bring food as late as 2000 Hrs in the evening. In Gujarat it has been said to be dependent on old woodpeckers nest holes, especially those made by yellow-crowned woodpeckers, which are used both for nesting and roosting. Suggestions that the species might migrate from western to southern India have not found support and birds (including juveniles) have been seen in southern India during summer. Birds ringed in western India have been recaptured within a radius of 5 to 7 km. Breeding has not been studied in the southern population.

This species is said to have undergone a rapid population decline in the recent past. The habitat of dense *Acacia* scrub is severely degraded and fragmented in western India especially due to the collection of old branches with potential nest holes for firewood.

## InfoBox

| White-naped tit | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Foraging on a *Prosopis juliflora*
 | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Vulnerable  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Paridae |
| Genus: | *Machlolophus* |
| Species: | ***M. nuchalis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Machlolophus nuchalis***
(Jerdon, 1845) | |
|
|  | |


title: Wielki Garc

abstract: Wielki Garc is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pelplin, within Tczew County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Pelplin, 18 km (11 mi) south of Tczew, and 48 km (30 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie. For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

text:
# Wielki Garc

**Wielki Garc** (Polish pronunciation: \[ˈvjɛlkʲi ˈɡarts\]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pelplin, within Tczew County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north-east of Pelplin, 18 km (11 mi) south of Tczew, and 48 km (30 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

## InfoBox

| Wielki Garc | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Wielki Garc | |
| Coordinates: 53°56′49″N 18°46′44″E / 53.94694°N 18.77889°E / 53.94694; 18.77889 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Tczew |
| Gmina | Pelplin |
| Population | 293 (2,011) |


title: Wielki Bukowiec

abstract: Wielki Bukowiec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skórcz, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-west of Skórcz, 17 km (11 mi) south of Starogard Gdański, and 62 km (39 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk. For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

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# Wielki Bukowiec

**Wielki Bukowiec** (Polish pronunciation: \[ˈvjɛlkʲi buˈkɔvjɛts\]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Skórcz, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) north-west of Skórcz, 17 km (11 mi) south of Starogard Gdański, and 62 km (39 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

## InfoBox

| Wielki Bukowiec | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Wielki Bukowiec | |
| Coordinates: 53°49′16″N 18°28′17″E / 53.82111°N 18.47139°E / 53.82111; 18.47139 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Starogard |
| Gmina | Skórcz |
| Population | 520 |


title: Wielki Bór, Łódź Voivodeship

abstract: Wielki Bór is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Gomunice, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.

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# Wielki Bór, Łódź Voivodeship

**Wielki Bór** (Polish pronunciation: \[ˈvjɛlkʲi ˈbur\]) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Gomunice, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland.

## InfoBox

| Wielki Bór | |
| --- | --- |
| Settlement | |
| Wielki Bór | |
| Coordinates: 51°10′10″N 19°29′36″E / 51.16944°N 19.49333°E / 51.16944; 19.49333 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Radomsko |
| Gmina | Gomunice |


title: Mobile social software

abstract: Mobile social software is a class of mobile applications which scope is to support social interaction among interconnected mobile users. Its basic idea is to overlay a location and time element to the idea of digital networking. It enables users to find one another, in a particular vicinity and time, for social or business networking.

text:
# Mobile social software

**Mobile social software** is a class of mobile applications which scope is to support social interaction among interconnected mobile users. Its basic idea is to overlay a location and time element to the idea of digital networking. It enables users to find one another, in a particular vicinity and time, for social or business networking.

## Social software and groupware: CSCL and CSCW

The term itself has its roots in social software and Groupware, computer applications designed for the desktop environment and aiming at facilitating various forms of social interaction, with the former being oriented to Internet-based informal exchanges, daily tasks and entertainment and the latter focusing on collaborative work (CSCW) or learning (CSCL) within a well defined group. Two typical groups that would benefit from these applications are work colleagues or school classmates. While the term social software, introduced by Clay Shirky in recent years, has gained much popularity, Groupware is not anymore a trendy word, even if it has a strong tradition that goes back to the Eighties. Scientific research on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) and Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) provides results which are still valid in the mobile environment. However, three important differences between desktop and mobile environments should be taken into account when conducting research on mobile social software: firstly, the physical context of use moves from static desktop setting, where the user is typically sitting in front of his computer, to the more dynamic mobile context, which presents higher constraints to human attention, but also provides an opportunity for information or communication at any time and anywhere. Secondly, the social context becomes wider, shifting from the group to the network concept. Rather than relying on static and known membership criteria, where group members usually know each other, social network ties change often and are not as dense as in traditional groups. Therefore, network boundaries cannot be easily identified. A mobile social network is the social space determined by an MSS application. Finally, an important distinction concerns the ultimate goal of MSS applications, designed for usage in everyday life situations, including not only tools for communication, but also for coordination and knowledge sharing. From this perspective, mobile social software is more similar to social software than Groupware applications, which aimed at increasing productivity and teamwork at work or at school.

## Technical perspective

From a technical point of view, MSS applications are very connected to the concept of Mobile Internet and the emphasis is more on data sharing than mere communication. Thus, only mobile phones with computational power, or Smartphones, can host this kind of applications. However, as there is not a universal definition of mobile social software yet, many people consider phone calls and text messages to be mobile social software, as they support social interaction on the move. In any case, the former perspective encounters wider consensus than the latter. The development of MSS applications is rapid and already evolved from mobile extensions of Internet social networking sites to powerful software, providing novel opportunities for social interaction, especially when used for proximity interactions based on Bluetooth scanning and connectivity. The availability of GPS systems and the integration of maps in mobile devices offer great opportunities not only in the context of individual activities, such as "search", but especially in the social context.

## As empowering social platform

In one of the few critical studies on mobile social software, Thom-Santelli (2007) argued that the real potential of MSS was constrained by its limited conceptualization, and consequently implementation, as an urban entertainment gadget. Building on her argument, Lugano (2010) re-conceptualized mobile social software as a general-purpose social platform for grassroots social change and proposed a holistic design model for empowering self-organizing digital communities to co-create, share and use community-generated services (CGS). By complementing public and commercial services, digital communities through CGS contribute to build resilience in people's lives and global information societies.

## Issues

Being highly personalized and contextualized, privacy issues represent one of bigger obstacles to the wide adoption of mobile social software.

* Counts, Scott; ter Hofte, Henri; Smith, Ian (2006). "Mobile Social Software: Realizing Potential, Managing Risks". *Proceeding Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems 2006*. CHI EA '06. pp. 1703–1706. doi:10.1145/1125451.1125767.
* Eagle, N.; Pentland, A. (2005). "Social Serendipity: Mobilizing Social Software" (PDF). *IEEE Pervasive Computing*. **4** (2): 28–34. doi:10.1109/MPRV.2005.37. ISSN 1536-1268. S2CID 2022143. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-07-01. Retrieved 2017-11-15.
* Quercia, Daniele; Hailes, Stephen; Capra, Licia (2008). "Mobi *Rate*" (PDF). *MobiRate: Making Mobile Raters Stick to their Word*. Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Ubiquitous computing (UbiComp '08). pp. 212–221. doi:10.1145/1409635.1409664. ISBN 9781605581361.
* Lugano, G. (2010) Digital community design: exploring the role of mobile social software in the process of digital convergence. Doctoral thesis. Jyväskylä Studies in Computing 114. University of Jyväskylä.
* Lugano, G.(2007) Mobile Social Software: Definition, Scope and Applications, EU/IST eChallenges Conference, The Hague (The Netherlands)
* Lugano, Giuseppe; Saariluoma, Pertti (2007). "To Share or Not to Share: Supporting the User Decision in Mobile Social Software Applications" (PDF). *User Modeling 2007*. UM 2007. LNCS. Vol. 4511. pp. 440–444. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-73078-1\_61. ISSN 0302-9743.
* Smith, I. (April 2005). "Social-mobile applications". *Computer*. **38** (4): 84–85. doi:10.1109/MC.2005.140. ISSN 0018-9162.
* Thom-Santelli, Jennifer (2007). "Mobile Social Software: Facilitating Serendipity or Encouraging Homogeneity?". *IEEE Pervasive Computing*. **6** (3): 46–51. doi:10.1109/MPRV.2007.60. ISSN 1536-1268. S2CID 16764568.


title: Wilkinson Glacier

abstract: Wilkinson Glacier is a glacier on the south side of Protector Heights on Pernik Peninsula, Loubet Coast in Graham Land, flowing westward into Lallemand Fjord to the south of Holdfast Point. Mapped from air photos taken by Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) (1956–57). Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Captain John V. Wilkinson, Royal Navy, captain of HMS Protector in these waters, 1955–56 and 1956–57.

text:
# Wilkinson Glacier

**Wilkinson Glacier** (66°50′S 66°20′W / 66.833°S 66.333°W / -66.833; -66.333) is a glacier on the south side of Protector Heights on Pernik Peninsula, Loubet Coast in Graham Land, flowing westward into Lallemand Fjord to the south of Holdfast Point. Mapped from air photos taken by Falkland Islands and Dependencies Aerial Survey Expedition (FIDASE) (1956–57). Named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Captain John V. Wilkinson, Royal Navy, captain of HMS Protector in these waters, 1955–56 and 1956–57.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Wilkinson Glacier". *Geographic Names Information System*. United States Geological Survey.


abstract: Wilkinson House is a historic home located in Pocopson Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. The house was built about 1884, and is a two-story, five-bay, frame dwelling with German siding in a Rural Gothic style. It has a full basement and attic and a cross gable roof. It features a three-bay front porch with decorative scrollwork. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

text:
# Wilkinson House (Pocopson Township, Pennsylvania)

**Wilkinson House** is a historic home located in Pocopson Township, Chester County, Pennsylvania. The house was built about 1884, and is a two-story, five-bay, frame dwelling with German siding in a Rural Gothic style. It has a full basement and attic and a cross gable roof. It features a three-bay front porch with decorative scrollwork.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Wilkinson House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| House in 2013. The cross gable has been removed. | |
|  | |
| Location | Rt. 842, Pocopson Township, Pennsylvania |
| Coordinates | 39°55′33″N 75°39′57″W / 39.92583°N 75.66583°W / 39.92583; -75.66583 |
| Area | 2 acres (0.81 ha) |
| Built | c. 1884 |
| Architectural style | Rural Gothic |
| MPS | West Branch Brandywine Creek MRA |
| NRHP reference No. | 85002379 |
| Added to NRHP | September 16, 1985 |


title: Wildhaus

abstract: Wildhaus is a village and former municipality in the Toggenburg region of the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland, since 2010 by merger with Alt St. Johann part of the municipality of Wildhaus-Alt St. Johann. The reformer Huldrych Zwingli was born in Wildhaus in 1484. His birth house can still be visited.

text:
# Wildhaus

**Wildhaus** (High Alemannic: *Wildhuus*) is a village and former municipality in the Toggenburg region of the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland, since 2010 by merger with Alt St. Johann part of the municipality of Wildhaus-Alt St. Johann.

The reformer Huldrych Zwingli was born in Wildhaus in 1484. His birth house can still be visited.

## Geography

Wildhaus has an area, as of 2006, of 34.4 km2 (13.3 sq mi). Of this area, 50.6% is used for agricultural purposes, while 22.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 4.1% is settled (buildings or roads) and the remainder (22.5%) is non-productive (rivers or lakes).

The village is located on Wildhaus Pass (1,090 m (3,580 ft)) from Gams, in the Rhine valley, to Unterwasser in Toggenburg between the Churfirsten peaks and Säntis. The ski slopes above Wildhaus, Unterwasser and Alt St. Johann on the Churfirsten ranges reach 2,262 m (7,421 ft).

The municipalities of Alt St. Johann and Wildhaus merged into the municipality of Wildhaus-Alt St. Johann on 1 January 2010.

## Coat of arms

The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is *Argent an Ibex Sable on a Stone proper between two Pine Trees Vert issuant from a Base of the last.*

## Demographics

Wildhaus has a population (as of 2008) of 1,209, of which about 11.1% are foreign nationals. Of the foreign population, (as of 2000), 20 are from Germany, 3 are from Italy, 77 are from ex-Yugoslavia, 7 are from Austria, 5 are from Turkey, and 55 are from another country. Over the last 10 years the population has decreased at a rate of -8.1%. Most of the population (as of 2000) speaks German (91.8%), with Albanian being second most common ( 2.4%) and Serbo-Croatian being third ( 1.8%). Of the Swiss national languages (as of 2000), 1,157 speak German, 5 people speak French, 2 people speak Italian, and 3 people speak Romansh.

The age distribution, as of 2000, in Wildhaus is; 140 children or 11.1% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 204 teenagers or 16.2% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 139 people or 11.0% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 170 people or 13.5% are between 30 and 39, 179 people or 14.2% are between 40 and 49, and 150 people or 11.9% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 128 people or 10.2% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 102 people or 8.1% are between 70 and 79, there are 40 people or 3.2% who are between 80 and 89, and there are 8 people or 0.6% who are between 90 and 99.

In 2000 there were 202 persons (or 16.0% of the population) who were living alone in a private dwelling. There were 255 (or 20.2%) persons who were part of a couple (married or otherwise committed) without children, and 646 (or 51.3%) who were part of a couple with children. There were 74 (or 5.9%) people who lived in single parent home, while there are 17 persons who were adult children living with one or both parents, 4 persons who lived in a household made up of relatives, and 62 who are either institutionalized or live in another type of collective housing.

In the 2007 federal election the most popular party was the SVP which received 39.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the FDP (21.3%), the CVP (18.5%) and the SP (10.1%).

The entire Swiss population is generally well educated. In Wildhaus about 69% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either University or a *Fachhochschule*). Out of the total population in Wildhaus, as of 2000, the highest education level completed by 315 people (25.0% of the population) was Primary, while 448 (35.6%) have completed their secondary education, 136 (10.8%) have attended a Tertiary school, and 32 (2.5%) are not in school. The remainder did not answer this question.

## Heritage sites of national significance

The Birthplace of the reformer Huldrych Zwingli at Lisighus 167 is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

The ruins of the Wildenburg, a former castle that was originally built in 1200 by the barons of Sax and sold to the earl Friedrich IV von Toggenburg in 1313. The castle was hit by a lightning and burned down in 1660. In 2010 the restoration of the place was completed and it has become a worthy place to visit.

## Economy

As of  2007, Wildhaus had an unemployment rate of 1.25%. As of 2005, there were 133 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 52 businesses involved in this sector. 60 people are employed in the secondary sector and there are 19 businesses in this sector. 403 people are employed in the tertiary sector, with 51 businesses in this sector.

As of October 2009 the average unemployment rate was 2.2%. There were 122 businesses in the municipality of which 18 were involved in the secondary sector of the economy while 56 were involved in the third.

As of 2000 there were 466 residents who worked in the municipality, while 194 residents worked outside Wildhaus and 164 people commuted into the municipality for work.

## Religion

From the 2000 census, 468 or 37.1% are Roman Catholic, while 572 or 45.4% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there are 17 individuals (or about 1.35% of the population) who belong to the Orthodox Church, and there are 17 individuals (or about 1.35% of the population) who belong to another Christian church. There are 49 (or about 3.89% of the population) who are Islamic. There are 3 individuals (or about 0.24% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), 88 (or about 6.98% of the population) belong to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 46 individuals (or about 3.65% of the population) did not answer the question.

## Weather

Wildhaus has an average of 157 days of rain or snow per year and on average receives 1,640 mm (65 in) of precipitation. The wettest month is August during which time Wildhaus receives an average of 202 mm (8.0 in) of rain or snow. During this month there is precipitation for an average of 14.7 days. The month with the most days of precipitation is June, with an average of 15.8, but with only 199 mm (7.8 in) of rain or snow. The driest month of the year is October with an average of 100 mm (3.9 in) of precipitation over 14.7 days.

## InfoBox

| Wildhaus | |
| --- | --- |
| Former municipality | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Wildhaus | |
| WildhausWildhaus | |
| Coordinates: 47°12′N 9°21′E / 47.200°N 9.350°E / 47.200; 9.350 | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Canton | St. Gallen |
| District | Wahlkreis Toggenburg |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Rolf Züllig |
| Area | |
| Total | 34.43 km2 (13.29 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,095 m (3,593 ft) |
| Population (December 2008) | |
| Total | 1,209 |
| Density | 35/km2 (91/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time) |
| Postal code(s) | 9658 |
| SFOS number | 3357 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH-SG |
| Surrounded by | Alt Sankt Johann, Gams, Grabs, Hundwil (AR), Nesslau-Krummenau, Rüte (AI), Schwende (AI), Sennwald |
| Website | www.wildhaus.ch
SFSO statistics |


title: Mobile stroke unit

abstract: A mobile stroke unit (MSU) is an ambulance that furnishes services to diagnose, evaluate, and/or treat symptoms of an acute stroke. It may contain, in addition to the normal ambulance equipment, a device for brain imaging, a point-of-care laboratory and telemedical interaction between ambulance and hospital. Thus, this specialized ambulance includes all the tools necessary for hyperacute assessment and treatment of stroke patients and diagnosis-based triage directly at the emergency site.

text:
# Mobile stroke unit

A **mobile stroke unit** **(MSU)** is an ambulance that furnishes services to diagnose, evaluate, and/or treat symptoms of an acute stroke. It may contain, in addition to the normal ambulance equipment, a device for brain imaging (computerized tomography), a point-of-care laboratory and telemedical interaction between ambulance and hospital (videoconferencing, exchange of videos of patient examination and CT scans). Thus, this specialized ambulance includes all the tools necessary for hyperacute assessment and treatment of stroke patients and diagnosis-based triage directly at the emergency site.

## Purpose

According to the 'time-is-brain' concept in acute stroke, recanalization of the obstructed blood vessels has to be performed within the very first hours after symptom onset. However, patients mostly come too late to the hospital and, therefore, only a minority of patients (5–10%) obtains the time-sensitive recanalizing treatments, and if so, mostly too late. As a potential solution to the problem of detrimental delays in stroke management the MSU concept was developed enabling diagnosis and treatment directly at the emergency site as opposed to awaiting the patient's arrival at hospital for treatment. By bringing imaging technology and stroke clinical expertise to the scene, teams are able to take advantage of the pre-hospital arrival time by focusing team efforts solely on one patient with suspected stroke.

Apart from the earlier start of treatment, knowledge about the type of stroke already in the pre-hospital phase of stroke management allows accurate triage decisions in regard to the most appropriate target hospital, e.g., hospital with or without endovascular or neurosurgical treatment options.

## History and current evidence

The MSU concept was first published in 2003 and realized in clinical practice in 2008 by Fassbender et al. at Saarland University, Germany, adhering to current guidelines and legislations. It increased treatment rates and improved care of cerebral hemorrhage, when compared to conventional in-hospital care as shown by them and other groups at Berlin, Germany; Houston, Texas, United States; Cleveland, Ohio, United States; New York, New York, United States; or Drøbak and Oslo, Norway. In 2016, more than 20 sites are investigating this concept. In 2021, the preliminary results of the **BEnefits of Stroke Treatment Delivered Using a Mobile Stroke Unit (BEST-MSU)** were published in the New England Journal of Medicine, demonstrating improved disability outcomes for acute stroke patients treated on a MSU compared to standard transport to the Emergency Department by Emergency Medical Services (EMS). Further studies on long-term outcomes, cost-effectiveness and best setting are underway.

Frazer, Ltd. a Houston, Texas–based emergency vehicle builder, designed and built the 1st MSU in the United States in January 2014. Their specialization in on-board generators for EMS vehicles made them the perfect fit to create an emergency vehicle that could handle the needs of a mobile CT scanner. NeuroLogica Corporation, a subsidiary of Samsung Electronics, provides the mCT, CereTom, enabling the ambulance to do critical CT scans to determine the status of the stroke. With input from leading neurologists, Frazer was able to build a functional space on wheels that helps to drastically cut down the time between onset symptoms and treatment.


title: Whitton Lake

abstract: The lake Whitton is a lake located near the village of Nantes in Estrie. It is the source of the Noire River, a tributary of Grand lac Saint François and a sub-tributary of the St. Lawrence River.

text:
# Whitton Lake

The **lake Whitton** is a lake located near the village of Nantes in Estrie. It is the source of the Noire River, a tributary of Grand lac Saint François and a sub-tributary of the St. Lawrence River.

## Geography

Its maximum approximate depth is 2 metres (6 ft 7 in), its width is 750 meters (2,460 ft) and its length is 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi). Even if the lake is located only a few kilometers from Lake Mégantic and Lake Mckenzie, its outlet flows into the neighboring watershed as far as Grand lac Saint-François, source of the Saint-François River.

## Tourism

The "Chemin du Lac-Whitton" provides access to the lake and is located in an environment of nature and forest.

## InfoBox

| Whitton Lake | |
| --- | --- |
| Lake Whitton seen from the public access to Nantes | |
| Whitton Lake | |
| Location | Nantes, Estrie, Quebec, Canada |
| Coordinates | 45°37′51″N 71°02′54″W / 45.6308°N 71.0484°W / 45.6308; -71.0484 |
| Primary outflows | Noire River |
|  | |
| Max. length | 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) |
| Max. width | 0.75 kilometres (0.47 mi) |
| Average depth | 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) |
| Surface elevation | 487 metres (1,598 ft) |


title: Wilhelm Lachnit

abstract: Wilhelm Lachnit was a German painter who was primarily active in Dresden.

text:
# Wilhelm Lachnit

**Wilhelm Lachnit** (12 November 1899, Gittersee, near Dresden — 14 November 1962, Dresden) was a German painter who was primarily active in Dresden.

## Life

Lachnit was born in the small town of Gittersee; his family moved to Dresden in 1906. He studied at the Kunstgewerbeschule Dresden under Richard Guhr, and later at the Dresden Academy of Fine Arts, where he was acquainted with and influenced by Otto Dix, Conrad Felixmüller, and Otto Griebel. He joined the Communist Party of Germany in 1924 and was active in producing various forms of Agitprop throughout the 1920s. He co-founded the "Neue Gruppe" with Hans Grundig, Otto Griebel, and Fritz Skade; successful exhibitions in Paris, Düsseldorf, Amsterdam, and Dresden followed.

After the Nazis seized power in 1933, Lachnit's work was declared "degenerate" and confiscated by authorities. During this period he was not allowed to make art and worked as an exhibition designer. Much of his confiscated work was destroyed during the February 1945 firebombing of Dresden. His 1923 watercolours *Man and Woman in the Window* and "Girl at Table" were found in the Munich Art Hoard.

Lachnit continued to paint after the end of World War II. In 1947 he was appointed professor at the Hochschule für Bildene Künste Dresden. Among his more important students were Jürgen Böttcher, Manfred Böttcher, and Harald Metzkes.

Lachnit died of a heart attack in 1962 and was buried in Loschwitzer Friedhof in Dresden.

## Further reading

* Joachim Uhlitzsch: *Wilhelm Lachnit*. Seemann, Leipzig 1968.
* Fritz Löffler (1982), "Lachnit, Wilhelm", *Neue Deutsche Biographie* (in German), vol. 13, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 378–379
* Friedegund Weidemann: *Der Maler und Graphiker Wilhelm Lachnit: Studie zu seinem Menschenbild*. Diss, Humboldt-Univ., Berlin 1983.
* Hans Joachim Neidhardt: *Dresden, wie es Maler sahen*. Edition Leipzig, Leipzig 1983.
* *Wilhelm Lachnit. Gemälde, Graphik, Zeichnungen*. Akademie der Künste der DDR, Kathleen Krenzlin, Berlin 1990. ISBN 3-86050-010-4
* Ingrid Wenzkat (ed.): *Dresden - Vision einer Stadt*. Hellerau-Verlag Dresden, Dresden 1995.
* Gabriele Werner: *Wilhelm Lachnit, Gemälde 1899-1962; Ausstellung vom 12. Februar bis 30. April 2000 Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, Gemäldegalerie Neue Meister, Albertinum Brühlsche Terrasse*. Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Dresden 1999.
* Wulf Kirsten und Hans-Peter Lühr (ed.): *Künstler in Dresden im 20. Jahrhundert. Literarische Porträts*. Verlag der Kunst Dresden, Dresden 2005.


title: Wilhelm L. Friedell

abstract: Wilhelm Lee Friedell, was a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy. Friedell was in command of the U. S. Naval Submarine Forces in European Waters during World War I, and was the commander of COMSUBPAC prior to the start of World War II. Wilhelm Lee Friedell graduated from the United States Naval Academy with the class of 1905. He then served aboard the USS Kentucky for his mandatory two years of service at sea, and was commissioned as an Ensign in the U.S. Navy in 1907. Still aboard the Kentucky, Friedell took part in the Second Occupation of Cuba and in 1908 he took part in the voyage of the Great White Fleet. He was transferred to the USS Helena where he served in the South China Sea as part of the Yangtze Patrol. Friedell took command of the USS Villalobos January 1910 and continued the Yangtze Patrol until October 1911. He then became a Navigator aboard the USS New Orleans. While serving aboard the New Orleans he led a landing party at Nanking during the 1911 Revolution to protect the American Consulate. He was then assigned to the Naval Academy as an instructor from March 1912 until April 1914. He then assumed command of the First Division, Submarine Flotilla, Atlantic Fleet aboard the USS C-3. He held this command from June 1914 until September 1916. He then took command of the USS Bushnell; his command continued throughout World War I in European waters. Following the war, Friedell led the Submarine Repair Division at the Philadelphia Navy Yard before returning to Annapolis as an instructor. He was then assigned to the USS Connecticut as her executive officer, a position he held from June 1921 until the following spring. He then assumed command of the submarine tender USS Rainbow and the Submarine Division 12. From 1923 until 1926, he again returned to Annapolis as an instructor. From 1926 until 1928 he commanded Submarine Division 11. In 1929 Friedell completed a senior course and the Naval War College and became head of the Department of Electric Engineering at Annapolis until the summer of 1931. In February 1936 he took command of the USS Colorado. While in command in 1937, he aided in the search for Amelia Earhart after her plane went missing. In November 1940 he took command of the Submarine Force, U.S. Fleet until January 1941. He served as the Commandant of Mare Island Naval Shipyard from early 1941 until 1944 when he took command of the Eleventh Naval District and Naval Base San Diego. He retired in 1946 as a Rear Admiral. Admiral Friedell died January 27, 1958, at Naval Medical Center San Diego and was Buried at Rosecrans National Cemetery, San Diego, California.

text:
# Wilhelm L. Friedell

**Wilhelm Lee Friedell** (August 22, 1883 – January 27, 1958), was a Rear Admiral in the United States Navy. Friedell was in command of the U. S. Naval Submarine Forces in European Waters during World War I, and was the commander of COMSUBPAC prior to the start of World War II.

Wilhelm Lee Friedell graduated from the United States Naval Academy with the class of 1905. He then served aboard the USS *Kentucky* for his mandatory two years of service at sea, and was commissioned as an Ensign in the U.S. Navy in 1907. Still aboard the *Kentucky*, Friedell took part in the Second Occupation of Cuba and in 1908 he took part in the voyage of the Great White Fleet. He was transferred to the USS *Helena* where he served in the South China Sea as part of the Yangtze Patrol. Friedell took command of the USS *Villalobos* January 1910 and continued the Yangtze Patrol until October 1911. He then became a Navigator aboard the USS *New Orleans*. While serving aboard the New Orleans he led a landing party at Nanking during the 1911 Revolution to protect the American Consulate. He was then assigned to the Naval Academy as an instructor from March 1912 until April 1914. He then assumed command of the First Division, Submarine Flotilla, Atlantic Fleet aboard the USS *C-3*. He held this command from June 1914 until September 1916. He then took command of the USS *Bushnell*; his command continued throughout World War I in European waters. Following the war, Friedell led the Submarine Repair Division at the Philadelphia Navy Yard before returning to Annapolis as an instructor. He was then assigned to the USS *Connecticut* as her executive officer, a position he held from June 1921 until the following spring. He then assumed command of the submarine tender USS *Rainbow* and the Submarine Division 12. From 1923 until 1926, he again returned to Annapolis as an instructor. From 1926 until 1928 he commanded Submarine Division 11. In 1929 Friedell completed a senior course and the Naval War College and became head of the Department of Electric Engineering at Annapolis until the summer of 1931. In February 1936 he took command of the USS *Colorado*. While in command in 1937, he aided in the search for Amelia Earhart after her plane went missing. In November 1940 he took command of the Submarine Force, U.S. Fleet until January 1941. He served as the Commandant of Mare Island Naval Shipyard from early 1941 until 1944 when he took command of the Eleventh Naval District and Naval Base San Diego. He retired in 1946 as a Rear Admiral. Admiral Friedell died January 27, 1958, at Naval Medical Center San Diego and was Buried at Rosecrans National Cemetery, San Diego, California.

## InfoBox

| Wilhelm Lee Friedell | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1883-08-22)August 22, 1883
Texarkana, Arkansas |
| Died | January 27, 1958(1958-01-27) (aged 74)
San Diego, California |
| Buried | Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery |
| Allegiance | United States of America |
| Branch | United States Navy |
| Years of service | 1905-1946 |
| Rank | Rear Admiral |
| Commands | USS Villalobos (PG-42)
First Submarine Division
USS Bushnell (AS-2)
USS Rainbow
Submarine Division 11
USS Colorado (BB-45)
COMSUBPAC
Naval Station Pearl Harbor
Mare Island Naval Shipyard
Naval Operating Base San Diego |
| Battles/wars | World War I
World War II |
| Awards | Navy Cross
Legion of Merit |
| Alma mater | United States Naval Academy |
| Spouse(s) | Lucie Matthews |


title: Wilhelm Süssmann

abstract: Wilhelm Süssmann was a German general in the Luftwaffe during World War II who was killed in action during the Battle of Crete. Süssmann was the first commander of the 55th Bomber Wing, from its formation on 1 May 1939 to 6 March 1940. He commanded the 2nd Fallschirmjäger Regiment and later the 7th Flieger Division during the Battle of Crete during which he was killed in action when the DFS 230 glider carrying him and his staff crashed on the island of Aegina. A Ju 52 aircraft was towing the glider when a sudden maneuver generated a slipstream, sending the glider into an uncontrolled dive.

text:
# Wilhelm Süssmann

**Wilhelm Süssmann** (16 September 1891 – 20 May 1941) was a German general in the Luftwaffe (Air Force) during World War II who was killed in action during the Battle of Crete.

Süssmann was the first commander of the 55th Bomber Wing, from its formation on 1 May 1939 to 6 March 1940. He commanded the 2nd *Fallschirmjäger* Regiment and later the 7th Flieger Division during the Battle of Crete during which he was killed in action when the DFS 230 glider carrying him and his staff crashed on the island of Aegina. A Ju 52 aircraft was towing the glider when a sudden maneuver generated a slipstream, sending the glider into an uncontrolled dive.

* de Zeng, H.L; Stankey, D.G; Creek, E.J. *Bomber Units of the Luftwaffe 1933–1945; A Reference Source, Volume 1*. Ian Allan Publishing, 2007. ISBN 978-1-85780-279-5
* Shores, Christopher, Brian Cull and Maria Malizia. *Air War for Yugoslavia, Greece and Crete: 1940–41*. London: Grub Street, 1992. ISBN 0-948817-07-0.
* Mrazek, James E. *Airborne Combat: The Glider War/Fighting Gliders of WWII*, Mechanicsburg: Stackpole Books, 2011. ISBN 9780811744669

## InfoBox

| Wilhelm Süssmann | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1891-09-16)16 September 1891 |
| Died | 20 May 1941(1941-05-20) (aged 49)<br>Aegina, Greece |
| Allegiance |  |
| Service/branch | Luftwaffe |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Battles/wars | World War II |