title: Herb Brooks National Hockey Center

abstract: The Herb Brooks National Hockey Center, also known as the Brooks Center, is a 6,000+ seat hockey arena that can seat up to 8,000 in St. Cloud, Minnesota. It is home to the St. Cloud State University Huskies men's & women's ice hockey teams, and the Saint John's University Johnnies ice hockey team. The main rink is named for the late university President Brendan J. McDonald, who advocated the team's move to Division I hockey. The arena consists of a lower and upper deck on the sides the ice. The west end features a few seats, while east contains no seating. Although it is recorded as having a 5,159 seating capacity, Husky hockey games often draw crowds of more than 6,000. In 2024 Donald Trump held a rally, requiring an expansion to 8,000 indoors and thousands more outdoors. It is also a concert venue, with a capacity of up to 7,763. Graduation ceremonies have also been held at the arena. The Brooks Arena was once regarded, by a visiting team, as a difficult place to play in the WCHA and NCHC. The notorious "Dog Pound" regularly attends games. In 2013, the arena was renamed in honor of former St. Cloud State, University of Minnesota, and Miracle on Ice hockey coach Herb Brooks. The same year, the National Hockey Center reopened after an extensive addition and renovation by JLG Architects which included a new atrium and entrance, west-end seating, expanded suites and club level seating, wider concourses, a new team store and improved training facilities. In 2019, St. Cloud State received further funding for the project, via a $600,000 campaign, that allowed them to finish building a high quality strength and conditioning area; this was originally part of the 2013 renovation, but initial funding fell just short of finishing it at the time. In 2022, St. Cloud State received $1.3 million in gifts to significantly improve the fan experience at the Brooks Center; these funds were used to replace the analog video scoreboards with the latest in digital technology, add new video boards above the entrances from the concourse in the rink, and to improve the audio and acoustics of the building.

text:
# Herb Brooks National Hockey Center

The **Herb Brooks National Hockey Center**, also known as the **Brooks Center**, is a 6,000+ seat hockey arena that can seat up to 8,000 in St. Cloud, Minnesota. It is home to the St. Cloud State University Huskies men's & women's ice hockey teams, and the Saint John's University Johnnies ice hockey team. The main rink is named for the late university President Brendan J. McDonald, who advocated the team's move to Division I hockey. The arena consists of a lower and upper deck on the sides the ice. The west end features a few seats, while east contains no seating.

Although it is recorded as having a 5,159 seating capacity, Husky hockey games often draw crowds of more than 6,000. In 2024 Donald Trump held a rally, requiring an expansion to 8,000 indoors and thousands more outdoors. It is also a concert venue, with a capacity of up to 7,763. Graduation ceremonies have also been held at the arena.

The Brooks Arena was once regarded, by a visiting team, as a difficult place to play in the WCHA and NCHC. The notorious "Dog Pound" (St. Cloud's Student Section) regularly attends games.

In 2013, the arena was renamed in honor of former St. Cloud State, University of Minnesota, and Miracle on Ice hockey coach Herb Brooks. The same year, the National Hockey Center reopened after an extensive addition and renovation by JLG Architects which included a new atrium and entrance, west-end seating, expanded suites and club level seating, wider concourses, a new team store and improved training facilities. In 2019, St. Cloud State received further funding for the project, via a $600,000 campaign, that allowed them to finish building a high quality strength and conditioning area; this was originally part of the 2013 renovation, but initial funding fell just short of finishing it at the time.

In 2022, St. Cloud State received $1.3 million in gifts to significantly improve the fan experience at the Brooks Center; these funds were used to replace the analog video scoreboards with the latest in digital technology, add new video boards above the entrances from the concourse in the rink, and to improve the audio and acoustics of the building.

45°32′48″N 94°09′08″W / 45.54667°N 94.15222°W / 45.54667; -94.15222

## InfoBox

Herb Brooks National Hockey Center
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Former names | National Hockey Center (1989-2008), National Hockey and Event Center (2008-2013) |
| Location | One Herb Brooks Way
St. Cloud, MN 56301 |
| Owner | St. Cloud State University |
| Operator | St. Cloud State University |
| Capacity | up to 8,000 (Ice Hockey) |
| Surface | 200' x 100' sheets (Ice Hockey) |
| Construction | |
| Opened | December 1989 |
| Architect | JLG Architects (2013 Addition) |
| Tenants | |
| St. Cloud State Huskies Men's Hockey (NCAA) (1989–present)
St. Cloud State Huskies Women's Hockey (NCAA) (1998–present)
St. John's Johnnies Men's Hockey (NCAA) (1990–present) | |


title: Heritage Place (Ottawa)

abstract: Built in 1985, Heritage Place is located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and home to many Government of Canada offices. The government departments in the building include Environment Canada and Industry Canada. The building has 14 storeys and offers views of the Sparks Street Mall and Parliament Hill. The building offers underground parking as well as a small café called Biscotti's Coffee House which offers lunch specials and snacks. Since the opening of the Confederation Line in September 2019, the corner of O'Connor and Queen features an integrated entrance to Parliament Station.

text:
# Heritage Place (Ottawa)

Built in 1985, **Heritage Place** is located in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada and home to many Government of Canada offices. The government departments in the building include Environment Canada and Industry Canada.

The building has 14 storeys and offers views of the Sparks Street Mall and Parliament Hill. The building offers underground parking as well as a small café called Biscotti's Coffee House which offers lunch specials and snacks.

Since the opening of the Confederation Line in September 2019, the corner of O'Connor and Queen features an integrated entrance to Parliament Station.

45°25′17″N 75°41′57″W / 45.421465°N 75.699159°W / 45.421465; -75.699159


title: Ryan Laird

abstract: Ryan Laird is a Canadian country music singer-songwriter. He received recognition and media attention across The United States and Canada in December 2008 after putting up a billboard on Nashville, Tennessee's music row asking Taylor Swift to produce his album.

text:
# Ryan Laird

**Ryan Laird** (born March 8, 1989) is a Canadian country music singer-songwriter. He received recognition and media attention across The United States and Canada in December 2008 after putting up a billboard on Nashville, Tennessee's music row asking Taylor Swift to produce his album.

## Early life and education

Laird was born in Toronto, Ontario to Laird and Laurie Schneider. He has one younger brother and one younger sister. He grew up on a 100-acre beef farm in Belwood, just outside Fergus, Ontario. He studied jazz guitar at Humber College in Toronto.

## Musical career

Laird moved to Nashville at 18, and a few years later signed a publishing deal with Cherry Lane Music Publishing. He signed his first recording contract with CMT (Canada) and Sony Music Entertainment Canada in 2011 and performed his first showcase as part of the label during the Canadian Country Music Association Awards.

In 2008, Laird put up a billboard on Nashville, Tennessee's music row asking Taylor Swift to produce his album. Located at Broadway & 17th Ave, the billboard displayed Laird in a classroom holding a note reading “Hey Taylor - I LOVE your music. Will you produce my album?”

On March 28, 2011, Laird released a music video for his single "I'm Your Man" which charted at No. 10 on the CMT Cross Canada Countdown on July 30/2011. The radio single peaked at No. 10 on the Canada Country radio chart in July 2011 and was nominated for a Canadian Radio Music Award.

In 2012, Laird was nominated for two Canadian Country Music Awards: CMT Video of the Year and The Rising Star Award.

While on the CMT Canada and Sony Music Canada label roster in 2012, the record label released Laird’s second single, “She Was The One”, to Canadian Country radio. The song went on to reach No. 46 on the Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems Canada Country Chart. Later that year, Laird was invited to be a guest artist on the CMT Canada reality TV show, "CMT On The Beach". Along with fellow Canadian recording artists Dean Brody and Deric Ruttan, Laird participated in contest events and performed a concert on the beach in Jamaica for fans.

That same year, Laird was a featured artist on CMT’s XM Sessions.

In 2012, Laird signed a new record deal with On Ramp Records, an EMI Music Canada distributed label partner. Laird’s third radio single release, “Girl Crazy”, was serviced to Canadian country radio on April 17, 2012. The song reached No. 43 on the Nielsen BDS Canada Country Chart and was one of four singles on Laird’s self-titled debut album. A music video filmed on Santa Monica and Venice Beach, California, was added into rotation on CMT Music Canada.

The following year, Laird was approached by fellow Canadian country artist, Leah Daniels, to record a duet titled “Where Do I Go”. The song was written by composer, Ashley Monroe, from the Pistol Annies and Sam Ellis, a member of Hunter Hayes band. Ellis also produced the track. A music video was filmed in Uxbridge, Ontario.

On August 14, 2014, Laird signed a Nashville publishing and artist development deal with Studio Gold Music, Inc.

Laird has been interviewed on several radio shows, including by Big D & Bubba, Blair Garner After Midnite and GAC Nights.

## Philanthropy

Laird is actively involved in the BiggerThanThat! Movement, performing motivational message driven music concerts at schools with the initiative to inspire youth to dream big and never allow negative influences to stand in the way of success and happiness in their lives. Laird composed the campaign theme song, “Bigger Than That”, with Dave Thomson from Wave (band), which was written to mimic the BiggerThanThat! Movement message to children. The program has visited over 250,000 youth across Canada.

## Tours

In 2011, Laird went on his first national tour as the opening act for George Canyon. In 2012, Laird was the opening act for Alan Jackson, Dierks Bentley, and Emerson Drive tours. In 2013, Laird was an opening act on the Terri Clark tour.

## Discography

### Studio albums

| Title | Details |
| --- | --- |
| *Ryan Laird* |  |
| *Bigger Than That* | * Release date: November 16, 2014 * Label: Studio Gold Music |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Album |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2011 | "I'm Your Man" | *Ryan Laird* |
| | | "She Was the One" |
| 2012 | | "Girl Crazy" |
| 2013 | | "Where Do I Go" (with Leah Daniels) |
| 2014 | "Love's Long Gone" | *Bigger Than That* |
| 2015 | "Summertime Girl" | Singles |
| 2016 | | "Wear Me Out" |
| 2017 | | "Gamble On Love" |
| 2020 | "Make It Work" | Single |
| 2021 | "If I Ever Lost You" | Single |
| 2022 | "Eileen" | Single |
| 2023 | "Legacy" | Single |
| 2023 | "Cosmos" | Single |
| 2024 | "Clapton" | Single |

### Music videos

| Year | Single | Director |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2008 | "Luv Me" | Thaddeus Fenton, Scotty Kipfer |
| 2011 | "I'm Your Man" | Margaret Malandruccolo |
| | "She Was the One" | Sean Hooper |
| 2012 | "Girl Crazy" | Jordan Eady |
| | "Where Do I Go" (with Leah Daniels) | Tim Deegan |
| 2014 | "Love's Long Gone" | Matthew Ninaber |
| 2016 | "Wear Me Out" | Jacqueline Nicoll |
| 2017 | "Gamble On Love" | Jacqueline Nicoll |
| 2020 | "Make It Work" | Jacqueline Nicoll, Keagan Fairbrother |
| 2022 | "Eileen" | Motion Crowd |
| 2023 | "Legacy" | Ryan Laird |
| 2023 | "Cosmos" | Lorenzo Dutoni, Ryan Laird |
| 2024 | "Clapton" | Paul Brian, Thomas Kuecks |

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Association | Category | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012 | Canadian Country Music Association | Rising Star | Nominated |
| | | CMT Video of the Year – "I'm Your Man" | Nominated |
| 2012 | Canadian Radio Music Award | CRMA Country Single of the Year - "I'm Your Man" | Nominated |
| | |

## InfoBox

| Ryan Laird | |
| --- | --- |
| Ryan Laird in 2014 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Ryan Laird |
| Born | (1989-03-08) March 8, 1989<br>Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Origin | Fergus, Ontario, Canada |
| Genres | Country |
| Occupation(s) | Singer-songwriter, musician, producer, philanthropist |
| Instrument(s) | Vocals, guitar, piano, drums, harmonica |
| Years active | 2002-present |
| Labels | On Ramp Records, Warner Music Canada, Studio Gold Nashville, Sorus Entertainment Canada |
|  | |
| Website | www.ryanlaird.com |


title: Ryan Raburn

abstract: Ryan Neil Raburn is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers, Cleveland Indians, Colorado Rockies and Washington Nationals. While primarily an outfielder, he played every position except for catcher and shortstop during his career.

text:
# Ryan Raburn

**Ryan Neil Raburn** (born April 17, 1981) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Detroit Tigers, Cleveland Indians, Colorado Rockies and Washington Nationals. While primarily an outfielder, he played every position except for catcher and shortstop during his career.

## Early career

Raburn attended Durant High School in Plant City, Florida. Following his prep career, he was selected in the 18th round of the 1999 Major League Baseball draft by his hometown Tampa Bay Devil Rays. Raburn, however, chose not to sign, opting instead to play for the University of Florida before transferring to South Florida Community College.

## Professional career

### Detroit Tigers

After two seasons of college baseball, the Detroit Tigers selected Raburn in the 5th round of the 2001 Major League Baseball draft. Raburn signed and began playing in the minor leagues at third base, his natural position. He originally was a member of the Gulf Coast League Tigers, but was brought up to play on the Oneonta Tigers in July 2001. In 2001, Raburn was a part of Baseball America's short-season all-star team. At one point, he was the New York–Penn League's player of the week and his eight triples were the most in that league during the season. However, Raburn also committed 23 errors, which tied for the league most by third basemen. After the 2001 season was over, Baseball America named Raburn as Detroit's 18th-best prospect.

Raburn began 2002 unable to play because of a right hip strain. In July, he got back into action with a rehab stint in the Gulf Coast League. On July 17, he joined the West Michigan Whitecaps. He immediately started an eight-game hitting streak that lasted until July 25. During that stretch, Raburn posted a .355 batting average and drove in eight runs. During the 2002 season, Raburn appeared in 40 games with West Michigan. He batted .220, hit six home runs and totaled 28 runs batted in. After the season, Baseball America ranked Raburn as the Tigers' 25th-best prospect.

Raburn started off the 2003 season with West Michigan, but he appeared in only 16 games for the Whitecaps before moving on to the Lakeland Tigers in late April. In his 95 games with Lakeland, he batted .222, with 12 homers and 56 RBI.

In 2004, the Tigers, lacking depth in the middle infield, moved Raburn to second base. Raburn was a September call-up during the 2004 season for the Tigers. He made his big league debut on September 12 and struck out in his first at bat. On September 16, Raburn got his first hit, an RBI double on a pitch from Cleveland Indians pitcher CC Sabathia.

Raburn spent the entire 2005 season with Toledo, posting a .253 batting average and hitting 19 home runs in 130 games. He committed the most errors (21) by any second baseman in the International League. During the postseason, he batted .348 and drove in 3 runs. He was rated by Baseball America as the 18th-best minor league prospect for the Tigers at season's end.

Following the 2006 season, the Tigers chose to not add Raburn to the 40-man roster. This left him unprotected in the Rule 5 draft, allowing any team to add him for a cost of $50,000, provided he spent the entire season on a major league roster. Raburn was not selected and returned to the Tigers and their Triple-A affiliate Toledo Mud Hens.

#### 2007 season

Raburn returned to the major leagues for the first time since 2004 when Tigers utility infielder Neifi Pérez was suspended 25 games after testing positive for amphetamine usage. Raburn had a two-out RBI single in his first at bat of that season. On July 25 against the Chicago White Sox, Raburn went 4–5 with two home runs, a double and a single and had a total of seven RBIs.

Raburn earned the 2007 Tigers Rookie of the Year award from the Detroit Sports Broadcasters Association.

#### 2008 season

For the first time in his career, Raburn started the season on Detroit's opening day roster. After getting into one game as a pinch runner, Raburn was sent down to Toledo on April 5. He made five appearances with the Mud Hens before rejoining the Tigers on April 13.

During the 2008 season, Raburn made sporadic starts at third base, second base, and all three outfield positions. Manager Jim Leyland often employed Raburn as a late-innings defensive replacement in the outfield or as a pinch runner.

Raburn hit his first career grand slam on June 28, 2008, against Colorado Rockies pitcher Jeff Francis.

Raburn matched a career-best with a four-hit game during a Tigers–White Sox contest on August 5.

#### 2009 season

During spring training, Raburn spent time learning the catcher position, as well as first base, in an effort to provide more versatility to his resume. He did not make the Tigers 25-man roster and began the 2009 season playing for the Toledo Mud Hens. He was called up to Detroit on April 22, three days after Marcus Thames was placed on the disabled list.

On June 8, 2009, Raburn made his first career start at first base. It was the sixth different position he had started at in the major leagues.

On June 23, 2009, Raburn hit his first career walk-off home run to lift the Tigers over the Chicago Cubs 5–4. According to Raburn, it was the first walk-off home run he had ever hit, including the minors leagues, college, high school, and Little League.

#### 2010 season

Raburn entered the 2010 season as a key bench player expecting to see time at every defensive position except catcher and shortstop. As of mid-June, he was regularly filling in for injured right fielder Magglio Ordóñez, but was hitting poorly. During the second half of the season, when he became an everyday starter primarily playing in the outfield, his bat heated up. By the end of 2010, he had played in 113 games, and sported a .280 batting average with 15 home runs and 61 RBIs.

#### 2011 season

Raburn signed a two-year contract extension after the 2010 season, and was a regular starter in left field at the beginning of the 2011 season. Near the end of May, Raburn took over at second base after Scott Sizemore was traded to the Oakland Athletics. In addition, another Tiger second baseman, Carlos Guillén, was on the disabled list through the entire first half. Raburn's batting average slumped in the first half (.213 at the All-Star break), but he showed flashes of power with eight home runs. Andy Dirks and new acquisition Delmon Young played Raburn's left field position for much of the second half while he saw more time at second base. After another strong second half, Raburn finished the 2011 regular season at .256 with 14 home runs and 49 RBIs in 387 at-bats.

#### 2012 season

Although his six Spring training homers shared the team lead, Raburn began the regular season mired in a significant slump, at one point batting .091 (4 for 44). He was eventually optioned to Toledo on May 30, 2012, with a batting average of .146. He was recalled on June 14. He finished the season with a .171 average, 1 home run, and 12 runs batted in; Raburn later revealed that his struggles during the 2012 season caused him to contemplate retirement.

On November 20, Raburn was released by the Tigers.

### Cleveland Indians

On January 19, 2013, Raburn signed a minor league deal with the Cleveland Indians with an invitation to spring training. Raburn, after a solid spring, made the Indians' 2013 opening day roster.

Raburn won American League Player of the Week for the week of April 29–May 5, 2013 after batting .591 (13–22) with 5 runs, 4 HR, 9 RBI and a 1.773 OPS.

On August 7, 2013, it was announced that Raburn and the Indians had agreed on a two-year, $4.85 million extension with a $3 million club option for 2016. At the time of the deal, Raburn was hitting .277/.370/.565 with 13 HR and 38 RBI. The next day, after a 14 inning loss the night before, Cleveland called on Raburn, a utility player, to pitch the ninth inning of a 10-3 loss to the Detroit Tigers. He pitched a perfect 1-2-3 inning and struck out Matt Tuiasosopo.

Used mostly as a right fielder when Drew Stubbs wasn't playing, Raburn hit .272/.357/.543 with 16 HR and 55 RBI. Raburn, with Mike Avilés, Jason Giambi and Yan Gomes, was a member of the Indians bench dubbed the 'Goon Squad'. They combined to hit .256 with 45 HR and 170 RBI in 370 games.

### Colorado Rockies

On March 4, 2016, Raburn signed a minor league deal with the Colorado Rockies. He was ejected for the first time as a Major League player on April 25, 2016. Raburn saw action in 113 games with the Rockies, recording a .220 batting average, 9 home runs, and 30 runs batted in.

### Cincinnati Reds

On February 17, 2017, Raburn signed a minor league contract with the Cincinnati Reds. He was released by Cincinnati on March 27, 2017.

### Chicago White Sox

On April 8, 2017, Raburn signed a minor league contract with the Chicago White Sox.

### Washington Nationals

The White Sox traded Raburn to the Washington Nationals on May 26, 2017, for cash considerations or a player to be named later. He was promoted to the major leagues on June 5 after Jayson Werth was put on the disabled list. On July 3, Raburn's walk-off single in the bottom of the ninth gave the Nationals a 3-2 win over the Mets. He signed a new minor league contract with the Nationals on November 14, 2017. On March 24, 2018, Raburn was released.

## Honors

* 2001 Single-A All Star, New York–Penn League
* 2006 Triple-A All Star, International League
* 2007 Triple-A All Star, International League
* 2007 Detroit Tigers Rookie of the Year
* International League Player of the Month, June 2007
* American League Player of the Week, April 29 – May 5, 2013

## Personal life

Raburn is married to his wife Suzanne and they live in Balm, Florida. Raburn is the brother of former minor league utility player Johnny Raburn, who last played with a Milwaukee Brewers minor league affiliate in 2010.

## InfoBox

| Ryan Raburn | |
| --- | --- |
| Raburn with the Colorado Rockies in 2016 | |
| **Outfielder** | |
| **Born:**  (1981-04-17) April 17, 1981<br>Tampa, Florida, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| September 12, 2004, for the Detroit Tigers | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| July 22, 2017, for the Washington Nationals | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Batting average | .253 |
| Home runs | 93 |
| Runs batted in | 358 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Henry Tamplin

abstract: Henry Pagden Tamplin (1801–1867) was an English business owner, who together with his father founded Tamplin and Son's Brewery, based at the Phoenix Brewery, Brighton, Sussex. He was born at Brighton on 8 February 1801, the son of Richard Tamplin and his wife Elizabeth née Pagden; he died at Pyecombe, Sussex on 16 December 1867.

text:
# Henry Tamplin

**Henry Pagden Tamplin** (18011867) was an English business owner, who together with his father founded *Tamplin and Son's Brewery*, based at the Phoenix Brewery, Brighton, Sussex. He was born at Brighton on 8 February 1801, the son of Richard Tamplin and his wife Elizabeth née Pagden; he died at Pyecombe, Sussex on 16 December 1867.

## Cricket career

Tamplin was also a cricketer and made two first-class appearances for Sussex against Kent, one in 1827 and another in 1828. Tamplin's batting style is unknown. In the 1827 match at the Vine Cricket Ground, Tamplin was run out for 3 runs in Sussex's first-innings, while in their second-innings he was wasn't required to bat, with Sussex winning the match by 4 wickets. In the 1828 match at the Royal New Ground, Brighton, he was dismissed for 6 runs in Sussex's first-innings by Timothy Duke, while in their second-innings he ended Sussex's innings unbeaten on 1. The match ended in a draw.

Tamplin's brother-in-law George King, Sr. and nephew George King, Jr. both played first-class cricket.

## InfoBox

Henry Tamplin
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Henry Pagden Tamplin |
| Born | (1801-02-08)8 February 1801
Brighton, Sussex, England |
| Died | 16 December 1867(1867-12-16) (aged 66)
Pyecombe, Sussex, England |
| Batting | Unknown |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 18271828 | Sussex |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition First-class  Matches 2  Runs scored 10  Batting average 5.00  100s/50s /  Top score 6  Balls bowled   Wickets   Bowling average   5 wickets in innings   10 wickets in match   Best bowling   Catches/stumpings / | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 17 December 2011 | |


title: Rwanda at the 2012 Summer Olympics

text:
# Rwanda at the 2012 Summer Olympics

Rwanda competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, which was held from 27 July to 12 August 2012. The country's participation at London marked its eighth appearance in the Summer Olympics since its début at the 1984 Summer Olympics. The delegation included seven competitors which included three track and field athletes; Robert Kajuga, Jean Pierre Mvuyekure and Claudette Mukasakindi. The other people that represented the country were cross-country cyclist Adrien Niyonshuti, judoka Fred Yannick Uwase, swimmers Jackson Niyomugabo and Alphonsine Agahozo. The track and field athletes qualified for the Games by meeting qualification standards while the remaining four made the Olympics through wildcard places. Niyonshuti was the flag bearer for both the opening and closing ceremonies. No athletes were able to achieve medals at the London Olympic Games.

## Background

Rwanda participated in eight Summer Olympic Games between its début at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States and the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, England. The highest number of athletes sent by Rwanda to a summer Games was ten to the 1992 Olympics. No Rwandan athlete has ever won a medal at the Olympic Games and the country has yet to debut at the Winter Olympic Games. Rwanda participated in the London Summer Olympics from 27 July to 12 August 2012.

The nation's delegation to London consisted of athletes Robert Kajuga, Jean Pierre Mvuyekure, Jean Pierre Mvuyekure, cyclist Adrien Niyonshuti, judoka Fred Yannick Uwase, and swimmers Jackson Niyomugabo and Alphonsine Agahozo. Long-distance runner Épiphanie Nyirabaramé was unable to qualify after being unable to meet the required qualification standards. The delegation included chef de mission Serge Mwambali, NOC president Charles Rudakubana and secretary-general Parfait Busabizwa. Niyonshuti was the flag bearer for both the opening and closing ceremonies.

The team trained at Bury St Edmunds Leisure Centre's track and swimming facilities for a two-week period in a deal which was announced in October 2009. The athletes were coached by Justin Guillemin, Nicholas Dusine and Innocent Rwabuhihi. Rudakubana said that Rwanda's goal was to win medals.

## Athletics

Robert Kajuga was one of the two oldest male athletes to represent Rwanda at the London Olympics, at 27 years old. He had not taken part in any previous Olympic Games. Kajuga qualified for the Games via qualification standards because his fastest time of 28 minutes and three seconds, set at the 2012 African Championships in Athletics which placed him fifth, was two seconds faster than the "B" qualifying standard for the men's 10,000 metres. He was the second Rwandan track and field athlete to attain qualification. He competed in the event, held on 4 August, finishing 14th out of 26 athletes overall, with a time of 27 minutes, 56.67 seconds. Kajuga reset his personal best but was 35 seconds slower than the Rwandan national record. Post-race, Kajuga said he was "really happy" with his performances and described his Olympic Games as a "good experience".

The 2012 Summer Games marked Jean Pierre Mvuyekure's Olympic début. He qualified for the Games because his fastest time of 2 hours, 17 minutes and 32 seconds, set at the 2012 Rome Marathon, was 28 seconds faster than the "B" qualifying standard for the men's marathon. In an interview before the race Mvuyekure stated that he was "really ready" to participate and hoped to run to the best of his ability. After heavy rain fell in London before the marathon he said that it could impede some runners but did not want to use the weather as an excuse. He competed in the 12 August event, finishing 79th out of 85 runners, with a time of 2 hours, 51 minutes, 7 seconds.

Claudette Mukasakindi was the oldest athlete to represent Rwanda at the London Games at the age of 29. She had not participated in any previous Olympic Games. Mukasakindi attained qualification into the Games because her fastest time of two hours, 40 minutes and 18 minutes, set at the 2012 Cagliari Marathon, was two minutes and 42 seconds faster than the "B" qualifying standard for the women's marathon. She was initially denied entry into the Games because the world athletics governing body, the International Association of Athletics Federations, did not recognise the Cagliari Marathon as an eligible event for qualification. Injuries and poor performances from other athletes allowed her to enter the Olympics. Mukasakindi participated in the marathon, held on 5 August, finishing 101st out of 107 competitors, with a time of two hours, 51 minutes and seven seconds.

Key  * **Note**–Ranks given for track events are within the athlete's heat only
* Bye = Athlete not required to compete in round
Men

| Athlete | Event | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank |
| Robert Kajuga | 10000 m | 27:56.67 | 14 |
| Jean Pierre Mvuyekure | Marathon | 2:30:19 | 79 |

Women

| Athlete | Event | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank |
| Claudette Mukasakindi | Marathon | 2:51:07 | 101 |

## Cycling

Adrien Niyonshuti, who at the age of 25 was taking part in his first Olympic Games, was Rwanda's sole representative in the men's cross-country cycling event, and was notable for carrying his nation's flag at the opening and closing ceremonies. He qualified for the Games based on his performance at the 2011 African Continental Mountain Bike Championship. Niyonshuti said that he was putting his focus towards the event and wanted to impress his family, "To have everyone say they are behind me makes me feel good. When people congratulate me for getting to the Olympics, it gives me a confidence and it tells me that yeah, I did well. I just want to go there and compete and finish the race. To know that so many people are behind me makes me not want to disappoint them." He took part in the 12 August race, finishing 39th out of 40 cyclists, with a time of one hour, 42 minutes and 46 seconds.

### Mountain biking

| Athlete | Event | Time | Rank |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Adrien Niyonshuti | Men's cross-country | 1:42:46 | 39 |

## Judo

At the time of the Games, Fred Yannick Uwase was the youngest male competitor representing Rwanda at the age of 18. He was the country's sole representative in Judo and had not taken part in any previous Olympic Games. Uwase was issued with a wildcard by the Tripartite Commission to compete in the Games after being defeated in the third round of the 2012 African Judo Championships by Mazou Abaker Mbairo. He became the first Rwandan judoka to qualify for the Olympic Games. Uwase received a bye in the first round of the men's 73 kilograms contest and faced Brazilian athlete Bruno Mendonça on 30 July. He was defeated by his opponent in a 53-second match and thus was unable to advance to the third round of the competition.

| Athlete | Event | Round of 64 | Round of 32 | Round of 16 | Quarterfinals | Semifinals | Repechage | Final / BM | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Opposition
Result | Rank |
| Fred Yannick Uwase | Men's −73 kg | Bye | Mendonça (BRA)
**L** 0000–0100 | Did not advance | | | | | |

## Swimming

Jackson Niyomugao, at the age of 24, was the only Rwandian competitor in the London Games to have participated in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. He qualified the Games after receiving a wildcard from the Olympic Solidarity Committee which was announced in the week before the start of the Olympics and was the last Rwandan athlete to attain qualification. After being eliminated from the heat stages in the previous Olympic Games in Beijing Niyomugao said he wanted to win a medal in London and that if he had more support, he would possibly be able to swim quicker but hoped to see the results. He was drawn in the second heat of the men's 50 metre freestyle on 2 August, finishing fourth out of seven swimmers, with a time of 27.38 seconds. Overall he finished 52nd out of 58 competitors overall, but did not progress to the semi-finals because her time was 5.11 seconds slower than the slowest swimmer who made the later stages.

Aged 16, Alphonsine Agahozo was the youngest person to compete for Rwanda in London and debuted at the Summer Games. She qualified for the Games via a universality place by swimming's world governing body FINA because her fastest time of 5.65 seconds slower than the "B" qualifying standard for the women's 50 metre freestyle. In an interview with *Reuters* before the Games Agahozo said that she was competing against the world but noted that she had experience in other events and felt she would be "ok". She took part in the third heat of event on 3 August, finishing third out of eight competitors, with a time of 30.72 seconds. Overall Agahozo finished 58th out of 73 swimmers, and was 5.44 seconds slower than the slowest competitor who progressed to the later stages and did not advance to the semi-finals.

Men

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Jackson Niyomugabo | 50 m freestyle | 27.38 | 52 | Did not advance | | | |

Women

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Semifinal | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Time | Rank | Time | Rank | Time | Rank |
| Alphonsine Agahozo | 50 m freestyle | 30.72 | 58 | Did not advance | | | |

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31. "Swimming / Womenʼs 50m Freestyle". *The New York Times*. Archived from the original on 12 April 2016. Retrieved 6 November 2016.

## InfoBox

| Rwanda at the
2012 Summer Olympics | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| IOC code | RWA |
| NOC | Comité National Olympique et Sportif du Rwanda |
| in London | |
| Competitors | 7 in 4 sports |
| Flag bearer | Adrien Niyonshuti |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| Summer Olympics appearances (overview) | |
|  | |


title: Herrickia

abstract:
Herrickia is a former North American genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to the western United States. In 2004 it was proposed to revive the genus with species that were included in Aster before molecular studies triggered the splitting of that genus into several distinct genera. However, the status of this genus is disputed with Plants of the World Online (POWO) synonymizing it with Eurybia as of 2023.
  - Species
  - Herrickia glauca - Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Montana, Idaho
  - Herrickia horrida - New Mexico, Colorado
  - Herrickia kingii - Utah
  - Herrickia wasatchensis - Utah

text:
# Herrickia

***Herrickia*** is a former North American genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, native to the western United States. In 2004 it was proposed to revive the genus with species that were included in *Aster* before molecular studies triggered the splitting of that genus into several distinct genera. However, the status of this genus is disputed with Plants of the World Online (POWO) synonymizing it with *Eurybia* as of 2023.

Species

## InfoBox

| *Herrickia* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Herrickia kingii* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Asteroideae |
| Tribe: | Astereae |
| Subtribe: | Machaerantherinae |
| Genus: | *Herrickia*<br>Woot. & Standl. 1913 |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Eurybia* sect. *Herrickia* (Wooton & Standl.) G.L.Nesom | |


title: Fanandrana

abstract:
Fanandrana is a rural commune in the district of Toamasina II (district), in the region of Atsinanana, on the east coast of Madagascar.
It is situated at the National road RN 2 at 26 km from Toamasina. The Ivondro River flows through the center of Fanandrana, and the Fanandrana river in its south.

text:
# Fanandrana

**Fanandrana** is a rural commune in the district of Toamasina II (district), in the region of Atsinanana, on the east coast of Madagascar. It is situated at the National road RN 2 at 26 km from Toamasina. The Ivondro River flows through the center of Fanandrana, and the Fanandrana river in its south.

## Economy

The economy is based on agriculture. Rice is grown, other crops are oil palms, manioc, cloves, sugar cane and pepper.

In 2024 a prison of high security was inaugurated in Fanandrana, fokontany Antananambo.

## Education

Schooling rate is 77.12%.

## InfoBox

| Fanandrana | |
| --- | --- |
| Ivondro bridge at Fanandrana | |
| FanandranaLocation in Madagascar | |
| Coordinates: 18°11′40″S 49°22′45″E / 18.19444°S 49.37917°E / -18.19444; 49.37917 | |
| Country | Madagascar |
| Region | Atsinanana |
| District | Toamasina II |
| Area | |
| Total | 292 km2 (113 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 15 m (49 ft) |
| Population (2019)Census | |
| Total | 17,644 |
| Time zone | UTC3 (EAT) |
| Postal code | 501 |


title: Finnshalspiggen

abstract: Finnshalspiggen is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,800-metre (5,900 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of the village of Fossbergom. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Lauvhøe to the northwest, Eisteinhovde to the north, Kvitingskjølen to the northeast, and Nørdre Trollsteinhøe and Gråhøe to the south.

text:
# Finnshalspiggen

**Finnshalspiggen** is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,800-metre (5,900 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) south of the village of Fossbergom. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Lauvhøe to the northwest, Eisteinhovde to the north, Kvitingskjølen to the northeast, and Nørdre Trollsteinhøe and Gråhøe to the south.

## InfoBox

| Finnshalspiggen | |
| --- | --- |
| FinnshalspiggenLocation of the mountainFinnshalspiggenFinnshalspiggen (Norway) | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,800 m (5,900 ft) |
| Prominence | 313 m (1,027 ft) |
| Parent peak | Glittertinden |
| Isolation | 1.3 km (0.81 mi) |
| Coordinates | 61°43′15″N 8°35′14″E / 61.7209°N 8.58733°E / 61.7209; 8.58733 |
| Geography | |
| Location | Innlandet, Norway |
| Parent range | Jotunheimen |


title: Nicholas Walsh (judge)

abstract: Sir Nicholas Walsh (1542–1615) was an Irish judge, politician and landowner of the late Tudor and early Stuart era. He was Speaker of the Irish House of Commons in the Parliament of 1585–86 and a close ally of the Lord Deputy of Ireland, Sir John Perrot. Perrot's downfall did some short-term damage to Walsh's career, but he soon regained his influence, as he was noted for his loyalty to the English Crown, and enjoyed the Queen's personal regard. He was appointed Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas in 1597. He also sat on the Privy Council of Ireland, on which he held an office which has been compared to that of a Minister without portfolio. His loyalty to the Crown led to his being attacked and narrowly escaping death during a serious riot in his home town of Waterford in 1603. Remarkably by modern standards, he was elected an MP while also serving as a High Court judge. He acquired a great fortune and was called "the richest commoner in Munster". He took some interest in traditional Gaelic culture: the well-known Irish poem, Labhrann ar Iongaibh Éireann, by Tuileagna Ó Maoil Chonaire, was addressed to him.

text:
# Nicholas Walsh (judge)

**Sir Nicholas Walsh** (1542–1615) was an Irish judge, politician and landowner of the late Tudor and early Stuart era. He was Speaker of the Irish House of Commons in the Parliament of 1585–86 and a close ally of the Lord Deputy of Ireland, Sir John Perrot. Perrot's downfall did some short-term damage to Walsh's career, but he soon regained his influence, as he was noted for his loyalty to the English Crown, and enjoyed the Queen's personal regard.

He was appointed Chief Justice of the Irish Common Pleas in 1597. He also sat on the Privy Council of Ireland, on which he held an office which has been compared to that of a Minister without portfolio. His loyalty to the Crown led to his being attacked and narrowly escaping death during a serious riot in his home town of Waterford in 1603. Remarkably by modern standards, he was elected an MP while also serving as a High Court judge.

He acquired a great fortune and was called "the richest commoner in Munster". He took some interest in traditional Gaelic culture: the well-known Irish poem, *Labhrann ar Iongaibh Éireann*, by Tuileagna Ó Maoil Chonaire, was addressed to him.

## Early life

He was born in Waterford, son of James Walsh, who was Mayor of Waterford in 1539 and 1547, and grandson of Patrick Walsh, who was also Mayor of the town in 1528 and 1532. His father died young, and Nicholas and his sister Johanna were entrusted to the care of Thomas Butler, 10th Earl of Ormond, who sent them to live in the household of Nicholas White, later Master of the Rolls in Ireland. The Walsh family was wealthy, and this was no doubt was the foundation of Nicholas's great fortune. He was studying law at Lincoln's Inn in 1561.

His sister Johanna married another protégé of the Earl of Ormond, Gerald Comerford, who like Nicholas went on to become a trusted Crown official and a High Court judge, but died, still a relatively young man, in 1604.

## Early career

His first official post was Recorder of Waterford, which he held for life. After the settlement of Munster, he was one of the three commissioners charged with the government of the province. He was accused of shameless "grabbing" of former rebels' lands, thus adding to his considerable fortune. He acquired lands in County Cork, County Kilkenny and Kinsalebeg in County Waterford. His estates at Clonmore, County Kilkenny were the main source of food for Waterford city.

Walsh became second justice of the Provincial Court of Munster in 1570 and Chief Justice of Munster in 1576. He was on good terms with Lord Deputy FitzWilliam and was a regular correspondent of Lord Burghley, the elder statesman of Queen Elizabeth I's court. Despite his growing importance in Munster politics, he played only a minor role in suppressing the Desmond Rebellions (1579–83). He spent much of 1587 in England prosecuting private lawsuits.

During his time in Munster, he became friendly with Sir John Perrot. He was promoted to the position of second justice of the Court of King's Bench, and when Perrot called the last of the three Elizabethan Irish Parliaments in 1585, Walsh sat in the House of Commons as member for Waterford. He was also elected Speaker of the House, and in May 1586 delivered a lengthy oration at the prorogation of the parliament, in which he praised the virtues of monarchy, while deploying the difficulties caused by the Queen's remoteness from Ireland. He rebuked Parliament for failing to vote the taxes required by the Crown, while maintaining that all three estates in society – monarchy, aristocracy, and democracy – had a right to a voice in government.

It was a sign of Perrot's regard for him, and that of the Queen herself, that Walsh was appointed to the Privy Council in 1587, though he had no specific functions on it. Crawford describes the appointment as *unique*. Elizabeth I wrote "for the good opinion we have of his discretion, wisdom, and fidelity, that we think him meet to be one of our Privy Council in that realm".

His membership of the House of Commons, while he was also a sitting High Court judge, was unusual, but not unprecedented in Ireland (it would be impossible now), and paved the way for several similar elections – Sir Gerard Lowther the elder, Sir John Blennerhassett and Sir Christopher Sibthorpe – to the Parliament of 1613–15. He had the Queen's full support for this course of action: she wrote in 1587 of his good services both as Chief Justice of Munster and as justice of the Queen's Bench.

## Judicial career

His closeness to Perrot earned Walsh the enmity of Adam Loftus, the Lord Chancellor of Ireland. When Perrot fell from power in 1588 Loftus moved to destroy Walsh as well, and he was threatened with prosecution for having conspired to wrongfully convict Perrot's former secretary, Henry Bird, of forgery. Due to the friendship of Fitzwilliam, who wished to retain his services, and the support of Burghley, he escaped prosecution and soon regained his political influence.

Having been previously promised "any office of advancement" that might be vacant, he was considered for the office of Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer but passed over, probably because of his Irish birth. There was an informal understanding that the Court of Common Pleas (Ireland) was the appropriate Court for Irish-born judges and Walsh duly became its Chief Justice in 1597, with a knighthood. He appears to have been a most conscientious judge: at a time when a perennial complaint against the Irish judges was their refusal to go on circuit, Walsh was extremely diligent about holding assizes, even when he was in his late 60s. In 1600 he was once again acting as Chief Justice of Munster, due to the refusal of the actual Chief Justice, William Saxey, to sit as a judge or attend Council meetings.

### The Waterford riots

During the Nine Years War Walsh was cut off from Dublin, and was said to be in some danger of his life in the period 1599–1600. He incurred further danger on the accession of James I of England in 1603, when a short-lived rebellion against the English Crown broke out in some of the southern towns. The principal aim of the rebellion was to secure greater religious liberty. While the rebels could not hope to actually prevent James's accession to the throne, they evidently hoped to apply pressure to the Crown to relax the Penal Laws: James, the son of a Catholic mother, Mary Queen of Scots, was widely believed to have given a verbal promise to this effect before his succession to the Crown of England. Walsh as Recorder tried to persuade Waterford Corporation to proclaim James as King, but a riot broke out in which Walsh might have been killed had not his relatives on the Corporation intervened to quell the violence. Walsh, despite his record of service to the Crown, had never been popular, even in his native Waterford, and many of his acquaintances in the city sympathised with the rebels.

### Cork- the case of William Meade

A similar and more serious rising in Cork caused the Crown to make an example of the Mayor of Cork, Thomas Sarsfield, the Recorder of Cork, William Meade, and an army officer, Lieutenant Christopher Morrogh. Morrogh was hanged after a summary trial. Sarsfield was pardoned after making a full submission, but Meade remained defiant and the Crown, unwisely as it turned out, set up a special Court to try him for treason. The Lord President of Munster presided with Walsh and two other judges assisting him. The result was a fiasco since the jury, despite being composed largely of Protestants of undoubted loyalty to the Crown, insisted, despite strenuous efforts to coerce them to convict, on bringing in a verdict of not guilty. Fynes Moryson, then secretary to the Lord Deputy of Ireland, with the wisdom of hindsight, said that no one who knew anything about Ireland should have expected an Irish jury to convict him. Meade proved the Crown's suspicions about his loyalty true by fleeing to Italy.

By the ethical standards which are now expected of an Irish judge, Walsh acted improperly by sitting as a judge at Meade's trial; given his own experience in Waterford, where he had almost been killed, he could hardly be viewed as an impartial judge at a trial concerning what was essentially the same rebellion.

## Last years

In April 1605 he was instructed, with others, to carry out an inquisition into the lands of Sir Edmond Butler of Cloghgrenan, deceased. The commission is now in the National Library of Ireland. In 1607, Walsh was one of the senior judges who entered the King's Inns, thus helping to revive an institution which had become almost moribund. He continued to hold assizes diligently, although by 1611 he was described as being "old and weak". He asked unsuccessfully to be made a Serjeant-at-law (Ireland) to give him equal rank with the other Chief Justices. He was Treasurer of the King's Inn in 1609. In 1612 he was allowed to resign on health grounds; he died three years later.

There is a story, originating with David Rothe, Bishop of Ossory, that Walsh converted to Roman Catholicism on his deathbed, and that his funeral was conducted according to the Catholic ritual, much to the embarrassment of the Crown which he had served so loyally. Rothe told a similar story about Walsh's brother-in-law and judicial colleague, Gerald Comerford. Later generations of the Walsh family were mostly Protestant (and were thus able to hold on to their lands), although Nicholas's eldest son was a Catholic.

## Family

His main residence was at Clonmore, County Kilkenny, but, as he was "the wealthiest commoner in Munster", this was only one of his estates; others were at Kinsalebeg and Piltown. He married firstly Catherine Comerford, and secondly Jacquetta Colclough, daughter of Anthony Colclough, who bought Tintern Abbey in 1575. Sir Nicholas Walsh the elder founded the dynasty of Walsh of Piltown, Co. Kilkenny. Through his successful and influential roles in the Ormonde administration, he acquired extensive property in Munster in the aftermath of the Desmond Rebellion after 1579.

He had at least one son, his namesake Sir Nicholas Walsh the younger of Piltown (1590–1643), who is often confused with his father, sometimes being wrongly described as *Judge* Walsh. On the outbreak of the Irish Rebellion of 1641, Sir Nicholas Walsh the younger (of Piltown and Ballykeroge) became one of the leaders of Confederate Ireland and died fighting to protect his property from the threatened English plantation. He married Mary Colclough of Tintern Abbey, a niece of his stepmother Jacquetta. His eldest son Thomas (1624–1670), remained at Clonmore until the 1640s: he married Eleanor, daughter of John de la Poer or Power, 5th Baron Power of Curraghmore and his wife Ruth Pyphoe, and sister of Richard Power, 1st Earl of Tyrone.

Through their high-level connections the Piltown Walshes, in the person of Thomas, avoided transplantation to Connacht, which was the fate of most of their neighbours, and by converting to the Protestant faith and petitioning through the courts, Thomas succeeded in retrieving much of his father's lost property, which passed on his death to his eldest son John. The family used the suffix 'of Piltown' into the 18th century when the senior line of descent became extinct with the death of Col. Robert Walsh at Bath in 1788. However, recent research shows that at least one lesser cadet branch, the Walshes (or Welshes) of Canty and Woodstock, County Waterford, continued in occupation of Piltown lands into the late 19th century.

## Patron of the Irish language

Tuileagna Ó Maoil Chonaire addressed to Sir Nicholas Walsh his poem *Labhrann ar iongaibh Éireann*. This related the true story of a judgment given in the eighth century by Niall Frossach, King of Aileach, concerning a mother and her fatherless child. The choice of Walsh as the addressee of the poem suggests that he not only spoke Irish but had some interest in Gaelic culture, perhaps fulfilling the traditional role of "patron".

## Personality and reputation

Crawford describes Walsh as a highly successful politician and jurist, who through his diligence and loyalty to the Crown overcame what was then the serious handicap of Irish birth in attaining high office. Ball, rather cynically, suggests that his great wealth was probably the main reason for his success.


title: Pseudathrips

abstract: Pseudathrips is a genus of moth in the family Gelechiidae.

text:
# Pseudathrips

***Pseudathrips*** is a genus of moth in the family Gelechiidae.

## Species

## InfoBox

| *Pseudathrips* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Gelechiidae |
| Subfamily: | Gelechiinae |
| Genus: | *Pseudathrips*<br>Povolný, 1986 |
|


title: Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan

abstract: Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan also known as UP Hindi Sansthan is an autonomous organisation in Uttar Pradesh, working for the promotion of Hindi language. It is run under the Department of Languages, Government of Uttar Pradesh. Apart from organizing various programs, it also honors to litterateurs for their contribution in various fields for the promotion of Hindi. The Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Yogi Adityanath serving as the president of UP Hindi Sansthan. He appoints the executive chairman and director. Sadanand Prasad Gupt was appointed as the acting chairman of the Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan in September 2017.

text:
# Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan

**Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan** also known as **UP Hindi Sansthan** is an autonomous organisation in Uttar Pradesh, working for the promotion of Hindi language. It is run under the Department of Languages, Government of Uttar Pradesh.

Apart from organizing various programs, it also honors to litterateurs for their contribution in various fields for the promotion of Hindi. The Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Yogi Adityanath serving as the president of UP Hindi Sansthan. He appoints the executive chairman and director. Sadanand Prasad Gupt was appointed as the acting chairman of the Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan in September 2017.

## InfoBox

Uttar Pradesh Hindi Sansthan
| Type | Literary |
| --- | --- |
| Purpose | Literary and Cultural |
| Headquarters | Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India |
| Location |  |
| Official language | Hindi |
| Key people | Yogi Adityanath (president) |
| Main organ | Academy, Library, Auditorium, Publications |
| Affiliations | Government of Uttar Pradesh |


title: Xtra Bass

abstract:
Xtra Bass is a free week-long drum and bass tour of the UK hosted by the BBC's digital radio station BBC Radio 1Xtra. 2007 is the fifth year of the tour and features appearances by well established drum and bass djs such as DJ Bailey, L Double, Fabio & Grooverider and Crissy Criss among others. The tour covers 7 cities in 7 days, and the itinerary for 2007 is as follows:
  - 5 Mar 2007 Oxford, England
  - 6 Mar 2007 Bristol, England
  - 7 Mar 2007 Birmingham, England
  - 8 Mar 2007 Sheffield, England
  - 9 Mar 2007 Glasgow, Scotland
  - 9 Mar 2007 London, England
  - 10 Mar 2007 Swansea, Wales
  - 11 Mar 2007 London, England

text:
# Xtra Bass

**Xtra Bass** is a free week-long drum and bass tour of the UK hosted by the BBC's digital radio station BBC Radio 1Xtra. 2007 is the fifth year of the tour and features appearances by well established drum and bass djs such as DJ Bailey, L Double, Fabio & Grooverider and Crissy Criss among others.

The tour covers 7 cities in 7 days, and the itinerary for 2007 is as follows:

## InfoBox

| Xtra Bass | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Drum and bass, Jungle, DnB. |
| Dates | March 5th - 11th (7 days) |
| Location(s) | England, Scotland, Wales |
| Years active | 2002 - present |
| Website | website |


title: Łychów Gościeradowski

abstract: Łychów Gościeradowski is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzydnik Duży, within Kraśnik County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Trzydnik Duży, 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Kraśnik, and 55 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Lublin.

text:
# Łychów Gościeradowski

**Łychów Gościeradowski** (Polish pronunciation: \[ˈwɨxuv ɡɔɕt͡ɕɛraˈdɔfskʲi\]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzydnik Duży, within Kraśnik County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Trzydnik Duży, 11 km (7 mi) south-west of Kraśnik, and 55 km (34 mi) south-west of the regional capital Lublin.

## InfoBox

| Łychów Gościeradowski | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Łychów Gościeradowski | |
| Coordinates: 50°50′N 22°9′E / 50.833°N 22.150°E / 50.833; 22.150 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lublin |
| County | Kraśnik |
| Gmina | Trzydnik Duży |


abstract: This is a list of compositions by Ferdinando Carulli.

text:
# List of compositions by Ferdinando Carulli

This is a **list of compositions by Ferdinando Carulli**.

## Works With Opus Numbers

* Quatre Pièces et Huit Préludes Op. 1, c. 1824
* Trois Petits Duos Op. 1 (Duo de guitares), c. 1809
* Sonate Op. 2, c. 1809
* Trois Airs et Trois Romances Op. 3 (Voix et guitare), c. 1811
* Trois Duos Op. 3 (Violon et guitare), c. 1811
* Trois Airs Op. 4 (Voix et guitare), c. 1808
* Trois Duos Op. 4 (Violon et guitare)
* Recueil de Sonatines Op. 5, c. 1809
* Sonate Op. 5, c. 1810
* Trois Duos Op. 5 (Violon et guitare), c. 1810
* Grand Nocturne Op. 6 (Duo de guitares), c. 1810
* Trois Ouvertures Op. 6, c. 1809
* Sérénade Op. 7 (Duo de guitares), c. 1809
* Trois Sonatine Op. 7, c. 1809
* Concerto Op. 8 in A major (Guitare et Orchestre), c. 1809
* Fantaisie Op. 9, c. 1807
* Grande Sonate Op. 9 (Duo de guitares), c. 1810
* Sonate Op. 9, c. 1809
* Trio Op. 9 (Flûte, violon et guitare), c. 1807
* Grand Solo Op. 10, c. 1809
* Duo Op. 11 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1809
* Trio Op. 12 (Flûte, violon et guitare), c. 1809
* Trois Petits Duos Op. 13 (Violon et guitare), c. 1809
* Duo Op. 14 (Violon et guitare), c. 1810
* Deux Airs variés Op. 15, c. 1811
* Recueil Op. 15 (Duo de guitares), c. 1810
* Grande Sonate Op. 16, c. 1816
* Sonate Sentimentale Op. 16, c. 1816
* Duo Op. 17 (Violon et guitare), c. 1810
* Trois Divertissements Op. 18, c. 1810
* Duo Op. 19 (Violon et guitare), c. 1809
* Solo Op. 20, c. 1810
* Trois Sonate Op. 21, c. 1811
* Trois Duos Op. 22 (Violon et guitare), c. 1811
* Trois Sonatine Op. 23, c. 1811
* Trois Petits Nocturnes Op. 24 (Flûte, alto et guitare), c. 1811
* Grande Sonate Op. 25 (Duo de guitares), c. 1811
* Duo Op. 26 (Violon et guitare), c. 1811
* Duo Concertante Op. 27 (Violon et guitare), c. 1811
* Méthode Op. 27, c. 1809
* Trois Ouvertures Op. 28, c. 1810
* Pot Pourri Op. 29, c. 1811
* Grand Duo Op. 30 (Violon et guitare), c. 1827
* Six Duos Op. 31 (Violon et guitare), c. 1811
* Trois Valse Op. 32 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1810
* Sonate Sentimentale Op. 33, c. 1807
* Six Duos Op. 34 (Duo de guitares), c. 1811
* Recueil Op. 35, c. 1811
* Recueil Op. 36, c. 1811
* Duo Op. 37 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1811
* Deux Thèmes Variés et Rondo Op. 38 (Duo de guitares), c. 1809
* Recueil Op. 38, c. 1812
* Recueil Op. 39, c. 1811
* Recueil Op. 40, c. 1811
* Trois Sonates Op. 41, c. 1811
* Sonate Sentimentale Op. 42, c. 1811
* Trois Duos Op. 43 (Violon et guitare), c. 1811
* Divertissement Op. 44, c. 1811
* Grand Duo Op. 45 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1811
* Trois Grand Duo Op. 46 (Duo de guitares), c. 1811
* Trois Sonate Op. 47, c. 1811
* Trois Duos Op. 48 (Duo de guitares), c. 1810
* Six Contredanses et Trois Valses Op. 49 (Duo de guitares), c. 1809
* Recueil Op. 50, c. 1810
* Six Duos Op. 51 (Flûte ou violon et guitare), c. 1813
* Vingt-quatre Airs Op. 52 (Duo de guitares), c. 1811
* Trois Rondo Op. 53, c. 1813
* Deux Pot Pourris Op. 54, c. 1813
* Deux Thèmes Variés Op. 55, c. 1820
* Trois Sonates Op. 56, c. 1813
* Trois Duos Op. 57 (Duo de guitares), c. 1813
* Six Contredanses Op. 58 (Duo de guitares), c. 1813
* Trois Sonatine Op. 59, c. 1813
* Trois Solo Variés Op. 60, c. 1812
* Méthode Op. 61, c. 1810
* Trois Duos Op. 62 (Duo de guitares), c. 1813
* Grand Duo Op. 63 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1813
* Huit Pièces Op. 64 (Violon et guitare), c. 1813
* Grand Duo Concertant Op. 65 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1810
* Six Airs Op. 66 (Violon et guitare), c. 1811
* Six Duos Op. 67 (Duo de guitares), c. 1813
* Deux Airs variés Op. 68 (Violon et guitare), c. 1813
* Vingt-quatre Airs Op. 69, c. 1813
* Grand Duo Op. 70 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1810
* Méthode Op. 71, c. 1810
* Divertissement Op. 72 (Duo de guitares), c. 1810
* Airs Nationaux Op. 73, c. 1814
* Pot Pourri Op. 74, c. 1813
* Variations Op. 75, c. 1813
* Trois Solo Op. 76, c. 1814
* Deux Pot Pourri Op. 78, c. 1813
* Deux Pot Pourri Op. 79, c. 1814
* Trois Airs Op. 80, c. 1814
* Trois Petites Sonates Op. 81, pub. 1815
* Petites fantasies sur les airs *Charmante Gabrielle* et *Vive Henri IV* Op. 82, pub. 1815
* Grande Sonate Op. 83, pub. 1815
* Trois Menuets et Trois Valses Op. 84, c. 1814
* Pièce Historique Op. 85, c. 1814
* Grand Duo Op. 86 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1813
* Six Pièces Op. 87, c. 1815
* Trois Duos Nocturnes Op. 88 (Violon et guitare), c. 1815
* Trois Duos Op. 89 (Duo de guitares), c. 1809
* Trois Duos Nocturnes Op. 90 (Duo de guitares), c. 1809
* Trois Thèmes Variés Op. 91, c. 1812
* Trois Petits Duos Op. 92 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1812
* Recueil Op. 93, c. 1814
* Caprice sur des airs *de la Tyrolienne* et *de la Hongroise* Op. 94, pub. 1815 (Naderman, Paris)
* Trois Fantaisie Op. 95, c. 1811
* Trois Sérénades Op. 96 (Duo de guitares), c. 1815
* Recueil Op. 97 (Duo de guitares), c. 1815
* Fantaisie Op. 98, c. 1814
* Recueil Op. 99, c. 1816
* Valse Favorite Op. 100 (Duo de guitares), c. 1820.
* Six Valses Op. 101, c. 1820
* Fantaisie Op. 102 (Violon et guitare), c. 1816
* Trois Trios Concertants Op. 103 (Violon, alto et guitare), c. 1814
* Trois Duos Op. 104 (Duo de guitares), c. 1813
* Six Valses Op. 105, c. 1814
* Ouverture Op. 106 (Duo de guitares), c. 1815
* Solo Op. 107, c. 1816
* Six Valses Viennoises Op. 108 (Violon et guitare), c. 1816
* Six Duos Op. 109 (Flûte et Guitare), c. 1817
* Deux Airs Russes Op. 110 (Duo de guitares), c. 1817
* Pot Pourri Op. 111, c. 1820
* Pot Pourri Op. 112 (Duo de guitares), c. 1817
* Solo Op. 113, c. 1817
* Recueil Op. 114, c. 1817
* Nocturne Op. 115 (Violon et guitare), c. 1817
* Fantaisie Op. 116, c. 1817
* Fantaisie Op. 117 (Duo de guitares), c. 1817
* Nocturne Concertante Op. 118 (Duo de guitares), c. 1817
* Trois Nocturnes Op. 119 (Flûte, violon et guitare), c. 1817
* Recueil Op. 120 (Duo de guitares), c. 1817
* Vingt-quatre Pièces Op. 121, c. 1817
* Vingt-quatre Valse Op. 122, c. 1817
* Fantaisie Op. 123 (Flûte, violon et guitare), c. 1817
* Recueil Op. 124, c. 1818
* Six Airs variés Op. 125, c. 1818
* Danse Nationale Op. 126 (Duo de guitares), c. 1818
* Nocturne Op. 127 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1819
* Six Duos Op. 128 (Duo de guitares), c. 1819
* Six Duos Op. 129 (Violon et guitare), c. 1819
* Vingt-quatre Bagatelles Op.130 c. 1819
* Divertissement Op. 131 (Trois guitares), c. 1825
* Deux Nocturnes Op. 131 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1819
* Divertissement Op. 132 (Duo de guitares), c. 1819
* Duo Op. 133 (Duo de guitares), c. 1819
* Duo Op. 134 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1820
* Duo Op. 135 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1820
* Variations Op. 136 (Duo de guitares), c. 1820
* Deux Duos Op. 137 (Alto et guitare), c. 1820
* Divertissement Op. 138, c. 1820
* Valse Op. 139 (Duo de guitares), c. 1820
* Concerto Op. 140 (Guitare et Orchestre), c. 1820
* Polonaise Op. 141, c. 1824
* Variations Op. 142, c. 1820
* Trois Nocturnes Concertants Op. 143 (Duo de guitares), c. 1820
* Air Varié Op. 144, c. 1820
* Recueil Op. 145, c. 1821
* Trois Duos Op. 146 (Duo de guitares), c. 1821
* Recueil Op. 147, c. 1821
* Trois Duos Op. 147 (Flûte et guitare), c. 1821
* Nocturne Op. 148 (Duo de guitares), c. 1821
* Trois Divertissements Op. 149 (Flûte, violon et guitare), c. 1821
* Duo Op. 150 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1821
* Duo Op. 151 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1821
* Symphonie Op. 152 (Duo de guitares), c. 1822
* Air Op. 153 (Violon et guitare), c. 1822
* Deux Duos Op. 154 (Violon et guitare), c. 1822
* Andante et Rondo Op. 155 (Duo de guitares), c. 1822
* Quintette Op. 156 (Violon et guitare), c. 1822
* Fantaisie Op. 157 (Duo de guitares), c. 1822
* Deux Duos Op. 158 (Flûte et guitare), c. 1822
* Trois Sonatines Op. 159, c. 1822
* Adagio et Variations Op. 160 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1822
* Grande Marche Op. 161 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1822
* Variations et Rondo Op. 162, c. 1822
* Adagio et Finale Op. 163 (Violon et guitare), c. 1822
* Larghetto et Variations Op. 164 (Duo de guitares), c. 1822
* Symphonie Op. 165 (Violon et guitare), c. 1822
* Trois Airs variés Op. 166 (Duo de guitares), c. 1823
* Andante et Rondo Op. 167 (Duo de guitares), c. 1822
* Grande Marche Op. 168 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1822
* Variations Op. 169 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1825
* Trois Petits Duos Op. 170 (Duo de guitares), c. 1827
* Trois Nocturnes Brillants Op. 171 (Flûte, violon et guitare), c. 1827
* Trois Rondo Op. 172, c. 1823
* Recueil Op. 173, c. 1823
* Recueil Op. 174, c. 1823
* Recueil Op. 175, c. 1822
* Recueil Op. 176 (Violon et guitare), c. 1822
* Recueil Op. 177 (Violon et guitare), c. 1822
* Recueil Op. 178 (Violon et guitare), c. 1822
* Recueil Op. 179 (Duo de guitares), c. 1822
* Recueil Op. 180 (Duo de guitares), c. 1822
* Recueil Op. 181 (Duo de guitares), c. 1822
* Recueil Op. 182 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1822
* Recueil Op. 183 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1822
* Recueil Op. 184 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1822
* Nocturne Op. 185, c. 1822
* Caprice Op. 186, c. 1823
* Trois Duos Op. 187 (Duo de guitares), c. 1821
* Divertissement Op. 188, c. 1822
* Trois Duos Nocturnes Op. 189 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1823
* Nocturne Op. 190 (Flûte et guitare), c. 1823
* Trois Duos Op. 191 (Flûte et guitare), c. 1823
* Supplément à la Méthode Op. 192, c. 1822
* Six Contredanses Op. 193 (Violon et guitare), c. 1822
* Six Contredanses Op. 193 (Duo de guitares), c. 1822
* Trois Airs variés Op. 194, c. 1823
* Solfège Op. 195, c. 1822 et c. 1826
* Six Duos Op. 196 (Guitare et Harpe), c. 1823 Op.
* Trois Sonatines Op. 196 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1823
* Fantaisie Op. 197 (Flûte ou violon et guitare), c. 1823
* Trois Duos Op. 198 (Violon et guitare), c. 1823
* Trois Duos Op. 199 (Duo de guitares), c. 1823
* Fantaisie Op. 200 (Duo de guitares), c. 1823
* Fantaisie Op. 201, c. 1823
* Trois Duos Op. 202 (Violon et guitare), c. 1823
* Trois Duos Op. 203 (Duo de guitares), c. 1823
* Douze Petites Pièces Op. 204 c. 1823
* Divertissement Op. 205 (Violon et guitare), c. 1823
* Grand Duo Op. 206 (Violon et guitare), c. 1823
* Deux Solo Op. 207 (Violon, alto, violoncelle et guitare), c. 1823
* Deux Nocturnes Op. 208 (Violon, alto, violoncelle et guitare), c. 1823
* Trois Divertissements Op. 209 c. 1823
* Chanson Op. 210, c. 1823
* Dix-huit Pièces Op. 211 c. 1824
* Six Duos Op. 212 (Duo de guitares), c. 1824
* Divertissement Op. 213 (Duo de guitares), c. 1824
* Divertissement Op. 214 (Violon et guitare), c. 1824
* Recueil Op. 215, c. 1824
* Variations Op. 216, c. 1824
* Fantaisie Op. 217 (Duo de guitares), c. 1824
* Nocturne Op. 218 (Duo de guitares), c. 1828
* Grandes Variations Op. 219 (Duo de guitares), c. 1824
* Variations Op. 219 (Guitare et Orchestre). 1824
* Recueil Op. 221, c. 1825
* Air Varié Op. 222, c. 1824
* Trois Divertissements Op. 223 c. 1826
* Douze Pièces Op. 224 c. 1825
* Six Duos Op. 226 (Duo de guitares), c. 1825
* Trois Nocturne Op. 227 (Duo de guitares), c. 1825
* Fantaisie Op. 228, c. 1824
* Solo Op. 229, c. 1824
* Trois Duos Op. 231 (Duo de guitares), c. 1828
* Recueil Op. 232, c. 1825
* Deux Duos Op. 233 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1824
* Deux Thèmes Variés et Un Rondo Op. 234 c. 1824
* Recueil Op. 235, c. 1825
* Recueil Op. 236 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1825
* Six Rondo Op. 237 (Duo de guitares), c. 1825
* Chanson Op. 238, c. 1825
* Recueil Op. 239 (Violon et guitare), c. 1825
* Trio Op. 240 (Flûte, violon et guitare), c. 1825
* Méthode Op. 241, c. 1825
* Trois Rondo Op. 242, c. 1824
* Trois Duos Op. 243 (Duo de guitares), c. 1824
* Deux Duos Op. 244 (Violon et guitare), c. 1824
* Deux Fantaisie Op. 245 (Violon et guitare), c. 1824
* Grand Recueil Op. 246, c. 1825
* Fantaisie Op. 247, c. 1825
* Recueil Op. 248 (Duo de guitares), c. 1825
* Recueil Op. 249 (Violon et guitare), c. 1825
* Trois Solo Op. 250 (Violon et guitare), c. 1825
* Fantaisie Op. 251 (Trois guitares), c. 1825
* Quatuor Op. 252 (Flûte, violon, violoncelle et guitare), c. 1825
* Quatuor Op. 253 (Violon, alto, violoncelle et guitare), c. 1825
* Nocturne Op. 254 (Violon, alto et guitare), c. 1825
* Grand Trio Op. 255 (Trois guitares), c. 1826
* Trois Duos Op. 256 (Violon et guitare), c. 1827
* Deux Divertissements Op. 257 (Violon et guitare), c. 1827
* Trois Divertissements Op. 259 (Violon et guitare), c. 1827
* Trois Solo Op. 260, c. 1827
* Trois Divertissements Op. 261 (Violon et guitare), c. 1826
* Trois Solo Op. 262, c. 1827
* Trois Solo Op. 263, c. 1827
* Pièces Progressives Op. 264, c. 1828
* Petits Préludes Op. 265, c. 1826
* Fantaisie Op. 267, c. 1826
* Trois Trios Concertants Op. 268 (Deux violons et guitare), c. 1827
* Nocturne Op. 269 (Deux violons et guitare), c. 1825
* De tout un peu. Recueil de 34 morceaux divers en six livres, Op.270, c. 1825
* Grande Recueil Op. 272, c. 1825
* Trois Divertissements Op. 273 (Duo de guitares), c. 1825
* Trentedeux Bagatelles Op. 273, c. 1825
* Deux Fantaisie Op. 274, c. 1826
* Grande Recueil Op. 276, c. 1825
* Recueil Op. 277, c. 1825
* Trois Polonaises Op. 278, c. 1825
* Deux Mélodies Op. 281 (Violon et guitare), c. 1825
* Recueil Op. 282, c. 1826
* Trois Divertissements Op. 283 (Flûte ou violon et guitare), c. 1825
* Six Rondo Op. 284, c. 1826
* Trois Duos Brillants Op. 285 (Duo de guitares), c. 1817
* Recueil Op. 286, c. 1830
* Fantaisie Op. 287, c. 1826
* Fantaisie Op. 288 (Flûte, violon et guitare), c. 1826
* Fantaisie Op. 289 (Violon et guitare), c. 1826
* Rondo Op. 290 (Duo de guitares), c. 1827
* Six Pièces Op. 291, c. 1826
* Trois Airs variés Op. 291, c. 1826
* Deux Fantaisie Op. 292, c. 1827
* Méthode pour le Décacorde Op. 293, c. 1826
* Deux Grandes Duos Op. 294 (Duo de guitares), c. 1826
* Quatre Pièces Op. 295 (Violon et guitare), c. 1827
* Rondo, Divertissement et Variations Op. 297 c. 1830
* Fantaisie Op. 298, c. 1827
* Recueil Op. 300, c. 1827
* Variations Op. 301 (Duo de guitares), c. 1829
* Rondo Op. 302 (Duo de guitares), c. 1828
* Fantaisie Op. 303, c. 1828
* Divertissement Op. 304 (Violon et guitare), c. 1828
* Divertissement Op. 305 (Violon et guitare), c. 1834
* Divertissement Op. 306, c. 1827
* Trois Duos Concertants Op. 309 (Violon et guitare), c. 1828
* Vingt-quatre Pièces Op. 310 c. 1828
* Deux Quadrilles Op. 311 (Guitare et Piano), c. 1834
* Duo Op. 312 (Violon et guitare), c. 1828
* Fantaisie Op. 313 (Violon et guitare), c. 1828
* Six Divertissements Op. 317, c. 1829
* Recueil Op. 318 (Duo de guitares), c. 1829
* Recueil Op. 319 (Duo de guitares), c. 1830
* Six Andantes Op. 320, c. 1830
* Dix-huit Pièces Op. 321, c. 1834
* Fantaisie Op. 322, c. 1830
* Fantaisie Op. 323, c. 1830
* Recueil Op. 324, c. 1830
* Fantaisie Op. 325, c. 1830
* Fantaisie Op. 326 (Duo de guitares), c. 1830
* Fantaisie Op. 327, c. 1830
* Grand Duo Concertant Op. 328 (Violon et guitare), c. 1831
* La Marseillaise, Variations Op. 330, 1830
* Les Trois jours Op. 331, c. 1830
* La Parisienne, Marche nationale variée Op. 332, 1830
* Recueil Op. 333, c. 1831
* Trois Rondo Op. 334, c. 1831
* Trois Marches Op. 335, c. 1831
* Trois Divertissements Op. 336 (Violon et guitare), c. 1831
* Fantaisie Op. 337 (Flûte et guitare), c. 1831
* Trois Caprices Op. 338 (Flûte ou violon et guitare), c. 1832
* Scherzo Op. 339, c. 1831
* Fantaisie Op. 340, c. 1831
* Deux Fantaisie Op. 341 (Violon et guitare), c. 1832
* Trois Divertissements Op. 342 (Flûte ou violon et guitare), c. 1832
* Trois Nocturnes Op. 343 (Flûte ou violon et guitare), c. 1832
* Recueil Op. 344, c. 1832
* Fantaisie Op. 345 (Violon et guitare), c. 1832
* Fantaisie Op. 346, c. 1832
* Recueil Op. 347, c. 1832
* Deux Rondo Op. 348, c. 1832
* Douze Galops Op. 349, c. 1833
* Six Galops Brillants Op. 350 c. 1834
* Trois Redobles Op. 353 c. 1834
* Fantaisie Op. 363, c. 1835
* Romance Op. 364, c. 1835
* Fantaisie Op. 366, c. 1836

## Works Without Opus Numbers


title: Ryan G. Anderson

abstract: Ryan Gibson Anderson, is an American former Washington State National Guardsman convicted by court-martial on September 3, 2004, on five counts of attempting to provide aid to the terrorist network al-Qaeda. He is currently serving a life sentence in the United States Disciplinary Barracks at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas with the eligibility of parole. Anderson was a tank crewman and held the rank of Specialist (E-4). He was assigned to the 81st Armored Brigade of the Washington Army National Guard and was preparing for deployment to Iraq when he was arrested in a joint FBI and United States Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) sting operation on February 12, 2004. At the time of the court-martial verdict, the jury of nine commissioned officers reduced Anderson's rank to private and gave him a dishonorable discharge.

text:
# Ryan G. Anderson

**Ryan Gibson Anderson** (born 1978), is an American former Washington State National Guardsman convicted by court-martial on September 3, 2004, on five counts of attempting to provide aid to the terrorist network al-Qaeda. He is currently serving a life sentence in the United States Disciplinary Barracks at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas with the eligibility of parole.

Anderson was a tank crewman and held the rank of Specialist (E-4). He was assigned to the 81st Armored Brigade of the Washington Army National Guard and was preparing for deployment to Iraq when he was arrested in a joint FBI and United States Army Intelligence and Security Command (INSCOM) sting operation on February 12, 2004. At the time of the court-martial verdict, the jury of nine commissioned officers reduced Anderson's rank to private and gave him a dishonorable discharge.

## Background

Anderson was born and raised in Everett, Washington. He attended Cascade High School. He then attended Washington State University and majored in history, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in 2002. Anderson was married on April 5, 2003, to Erin Wheatley. They met while both attending Washington State University. Erin graduated with a Bachelor of Arts degree in communications, also in 2002. She then moved to Kansas to be closer to her incarcerated husband, attended the University of Missouri-Kansas City from 2007 to 2009 and graduated with a Master's in counseling and guidance.

In 1999, Anderson converted to Islam and adopted the name Amir Abdul Rashid. Prior to his capture, Anderson was seen on a surveillance tape, in which he said, "I wish to desert from the U.S. Army. I wish to defect from the United States. I wish to join al-Qaeda, train its members and conduct terrorist attacks*."*

## Arrest

Anderson was arrested February 12, 2004 after a joint investigation by the United States Army Counterintelligence, and the FBI. They monitored his online activities, such as logging onto extremist Internet chat rooms, trying to get in touch with al-Qaeda operatives, and offering the organization information on United States military capabilities and weaponry. Shortly before his arrest, Anderson was recorded on video surveillance providing tactical information on methods of killing U.S. troops and destroying tanks to undercover agents posing as al-Qaeda operatives. They tapped his and his wife's cell phones, pulled text messages, and followed both him and his wife in their daily lives.

Shannen Rossmiller, a former municipal judge in Conrad, Montana and amateur cyber spy, is credited with first encountering Anderson in an online Islamist chat room. In posts, Anderson offered assistance in gathering information and in killing U.S. soldiers. After ascertaining that Anderson was a member of the U.S. military, Rossmiller contacted the FBI who set up a joint sting operation with the United States Department of Justice and the military.

## Court-martial

On September 2, 2004, a military jury found Anderson guilty of five counts of attempting to aid and provide intelligence to the enemy. In his defense, Anderson's lawyers made an insanity plea, offering medical testimony that he has bipolar disorder and Asperger syndrome. They also claimed that he used role-playing to create structure in his life, therefore inducing him into the entrapment created by the authorities. He was given a demotion to the rank of private, a dishonorable discharge, and sentenced to a life sentence, with the possibility of parole.

## InfoBox

| Ryan Anderson | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Ryan Gibson Anderson
1978
Everett, Washington, U.S. |
| Other names | Amir Abdul Rashid |
| Alma mater | Washington State University (B.A.) |
|  | |
| Criminal penalty | Life imprisonment with the possibility of parole |
| Imprisoned at | United States Disciplinary Barracks |
|  | |


title: Herman O. Mosenthal

abstract: Herman Otto Mosenthal was an American physician and diabetologist.

text:
# Herman O. Mosenthal

**Herman Otto Mosenthal** (July 8, 1878 – April 24, 1954) was an American physician and diabetologist.

## Biography

Mosenthal was born in New York City on 8 July 1878. His father, Joseph Mosenthal, was a musician who migrated to the United States from Kassel in 1853. Mosenthal graduated A.B. from Columbia College in 1899 and studied at the Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons where he obtained his M.D. in 1903. He was attending physician at Seton Hospital (1908–1910) and attending physician to the outpatient department at New York Hospital.

Mosenthal was instructor at the Department of Biological Chemistry at Columbia's College of Physicians and Surgeons (1908–1914). He was attending physician in Diseases of Metabolism at Vanderbilt Clinic and assistant visiting physician to the Presbyterian Hospital of New York City in 1910. In 1914, Mosenthal joined Johns Hopkins Medical School as associate professor of medicine. The Mosenthal test to evaluate renal concentrating ability was introduced by Mosenthal in 1915. The test involves urine specimens being measured through a twenty-four hour period of controlled dietary intake. In 1917, Theodore Caldwell Janeway left for service during World War I making Mosenthal Acting Professor of Medicine at Johns Hopkins until 1918.

He became Professor of Medicine and Chief of the Department of Medicine of the New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital until 1935. He established the first U.S. metabolic clinic at the Post-Graduate Hospital. In 1940, Mosenthal was made Honorary Consulting Physician to the Division of Metabolism at New York Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital. He was Clinical Professor of Medicine at Columbia University (1934–1947) and Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine at the New York Medical College (1946–1951).

Mosenthal was a founder and first President of the New York Diabetes Association in 1935 and second President of the American Diabetes Association (1941–1942). He was a Fellow of the American College of Physicians and the New York Academy of Medicine. He was a member of the Association of American Physicians and the American Gastroenterological Association.

## Selected publications

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Herman O. Mosenthal | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | July 8, 1878
New York City, U.S. |
| Died | April 24, 1954(1954-04-24) (aged 75)
New York City, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Physician, diabetologist |


title: Herman O'Berry

abstract: Herman Lee O'Berry is an American former professional football defensive back in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected in the seventh round of the 1995 NFL draft. He played nine games for the St. Louis Rams in 1996. He played college football for the Oregon Ducks.

text:
# Herman O'Berry

**Herman Lee O'Berry** (born July 11, 1971) is an American former professional football defensive back in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected in the seventh round of the 1995 NFL draft. He played nine games for the St. Louis Rams in 1996. He played college football for the Oregon Ducks.

## InfoBox

Herman O'Berry
| No. 24 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position: | Defensive back |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1971-07-11) July 11, 1971<br>Sacramento, California, U.S. |
| Height: | 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m) |
| Weight: | 185 lb (84 kg) |
| Career information | |
| College: | Oregon |
| NFL draft: | 1995 / round: 7 / pick: 220 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
| * Offseason and/or practice squad member only | |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Games played: 9  Punt return yards: 16 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: S&P/ASX 50

abstract: The S&P/ASX 50 Index is a stock market index of Australian stocks listed on the Australian Securities Exchange from Standard & Poor's. It is a part of the S&P Global 1200. While the "ASX 50" often simply refers to the 50 largest companies by market capitalisation, the S&P/ASX 50 Index is calculated by using the S&P Dow Jones Indices market capitalization weighted and float-adjusted methodologies. All 50 companies also feature in the S&P/ASX 200.

text:
# S&P/ASX 50

The **S&P/ASX 50 Index** is a stock market index of Australian stocks listed on the Australian Securities Exchange from Standard & Poor's.

It is a part of the S&P Global 1200.

While the "ASX 50" often simply refers to the 50 largest companies by market capitalisation, the S&P/ASX 50 Index is calculated by using the S&P Dow Jones Indices market capitalization weighted and float-adjusted methodologies. All 50 companies also feature in the S&P/ASX 200.

## Constituent companies

As of May 2022, the constituent stocks of the ASX 50 in alphabetical order by symbol are:

| Symbol | Company | GICS | Sector | Headquarters |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| AFI | Australian Foundation Investment Company | 40 | Financials | Melbourne |
| AIA | Auckland International Airport | 20 | Industrials | Auckland |
| ALL | Aristocrat Leisure | 25 | Consumer Discretionary | Sydney |
| AMC | Amcor | 15 | Materials | Warmley, Bristol, England |
| ANZ | ANZ Banking Group | 40 | Financials | Melbourne |
| APA | APA Group | 55 | Utilities | Sydney |
| ASX | ASX | 40 | Financials | Sydney |
| BHP | BHP | 15 | Materials | Melbourne |
| BXB | Brambles | 20 | Industrials | Sydney |
| CBA | Commonwealth Bank | 40 | Financials | Sydney |
| COH | Cochlear | 35 | Health Care | Sydney |
| COL | Coles Group | 30 | Consumer Staples | Melbourne |
| CPU | Computershare | 45 | Information Technology | Abbotsford |
| CSL | CSL | 35 | Health Care | Melbourne |
| DXS | Dexus | 60 | Real Estate | Sydney |
| EDV | Endeavour Group | 30 | Consumer Staples | Sydney |
| FMG | Fortescue Metals Group | 15 | Materials | Perth |
| FPH | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare | 35 | Health Care | Auckland |
| GMG | Goodman Group | 60 | Real Estate | Sydney |
| IAG | Insurance Australia Group | 40 | Financials | Sydney |
| JHX | James Hardie | 15 | Materials | Melbourne |
| MGOC | Magellan Global Fund | 40 | Financials | Sydney |
| MQG | Macquarie Group | 40 | Financials | Sydney |
| NAB | National Australia Bank | 40 | Financials | Melbourne |
| NCM | Newcrest Mining | 15 | Materials | Melbourne |
| NST | Northern Star Resources | 15 | Materials | Perth |
| ORG | Origin Energy | 55 | Utilities | Sydney |
| QBE | QBE Insurance | 40 | Financials | Sydney |
| REA | REA Group | 50 | Communication Services | Melbourne |
| REH | Reece Group | 20 | Industrials | Melbourne |
| RHC | Ramsay Health Care | 35 | Health Care | Sydney |
| RIO | Rio Tinto | 15 | Materials | Melbourne /  London |
| RMD | ResMed | 35 | Health Care | San Diego |
| S32 | South32 | 15 | Materials | Perth |
| SCG | Scentre Group | 60 | Real Estate | Sydney |
| SEK | Seek | 50 | Communication Services | Melbourne |
| SHL | Sonic Healthcare | 35 | Health Care | Sydney |
| STO | Santos | 10 | Energy | Adelaide |
| SUN | Suncorp | 40 | Financials | Brisbane |
| TAH | Tabcorp | 25 | Consumer Discretionary | Melbourne |
| TCL | Transurban | 20 | Industrials | Melbourne |
| TLS | Telstra | 50 | Telecommunications Services | Melbourne |
| TPG | TPG Telecom | 50 | Communication Services | Sydney |
| WBC | Westpac | 40 | Financials | Sydney |
| WES | Wesfarmers | 25 | Consumer Discretionary | Perth |
| WOW | Woolworths | 30 | Consumer Staples | Sydney |
| WDS | Woodside Energy | 10 | Energy | Perth |
| WTC | Wisetech Global | 45 | Information Technology | Sydney |
| XRO | Xero | 45 | Information Technology | Wellington |