title: New Jersey Route 45

abstract: Route 45 is a state highway in the southern part of New Jersey. It runs 28.51 mi (45.88 km) from Route 49 in Salem, Salem County, northeast to U.S. Route 130 in Westville, Gloucester County. The route is signed as a north-south highway. Much of the southern part of the route runs through rural areas of Salem and Gloucester counties, passing through the communities of Woodstown and Mullica Hill. North of Mullica Hill, Route 45 runs through suburban areas, with the portion of the route between the northern border of Mantua Township and the southern border of Woodbury a four-lane divided highway. The route intersects many highways, including US 40 in Woodstown, Route 77 and US 322 in Mullica Hill, and Interstate 295 (I-295) in West Deptford Township. The current route was originally a segment of pre-1927 Route 6 that was created in 1917, running from Salem to Camden. Route 45 was designated in 1927 to replace the Salem-Camden branch of pre-1927 Route 6 and was eventually realigned to follow US 130 to the Airport Circle in Pennsauken Township. The old alignment became Route 45M. The northern terminus of Route 45 was moved to its current location in 1953 in order to avoid the concurrency with US 130. A freeway for Route 45 between I-295 in Woodbury and US 322 in Mullica Hill was recommended by the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission in the 1960s. It was never built, and the New Jersey Department of Transportation proposed widening all of Route 45 into a four-lane divided highway; only a small portion in northern Gloucester County was widened.

text:
# New Jersey Route 45

**Route 45** is a state highway in the southern part of New Jersey. It runs 28.51 mi (45.88 km) from Route 49 in Salem, Salem County, northeast to U.S. Route 130 (US 130) in Westville, Gloucester County. The route is signed as a north-south highway. Much of the southern part of the route runs through rural areas of Salem and Gloucester counties, passing through the communities of Woodstown and Mullica Hill. North of Mullica Hill, Route 45 runs through suburban areas, with the portion of the route between the northern border of Mantua Township and the southern border of Woodbury a four-lane divided highway. The route intersects many highways, including US 40 in Woodstown, Route 77 and US 322 in Mullica Hill, and Interstate 295 (I-295) in West Deptford Township.

The current route was originally a segment of pre-1927 Route 6 that was created in 1917, running from Salem to Camden. Route 45 was designated in 1927 to replace the Salem-Camden branch of pre-1927 Route 6 and was eventually realigned to follow US 130 (Crescent Boulevard) to the Airport Circle in Pennsauken Township. The old alignment became **Route 45M**. The northern terminus of Route 45 was moved to its current location in 1953 in order to avoid the concurrency with US 130. A freeway for Route 45 between I-295 in Woodbury and US 322 in Mullica Hill was recommended by the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission in the 1960s. It was never built, and the New Jersey Department of Transportation proposed widening all of Route 45 into a four-lane divided highway; only a small portion in northern Gloucester County was widened.

## Route description

### Salem County

Route 45 begins at an intersection with Route 49 in Salem, Salem County, heading to the north on Market Street, a two-lane undivided road. It passes downtown businesses and both the Salem County Courthouse and the Old Salem County Courthouse, the second oldest active courthouse in the United States, which currently serves as the Salem City Court. Upon crossing County Route 657 (CR 657), the road heads into residential areas before crossing the SMS Rail Lines' Salem Branch line at-grade and the Fenwick Creek. At the crossing of the latter, Route 45 enters Mannington Township and becomes an unnamed road that passes marshland with some development. The route passes by the Salem Medical Center just prior to an intersection with CR 540 in Pointers.

Here, Route 45 turns to the east and forms a concurrency with CR 540, passing through farmland with some woods and homes. CR 540 splits from Route 45 by heading southeast on Welchville Road and Route 45 continues, intersecting CR 653 before crossing the Mannington Creek. It intersects CR 669 and CR 631 within a short distance of each other before passing northwest of Salem County Career and Technical High School and crossing Majors Run into Pilesgrove Township.

Here, the route intersects CR 679 near the Salem County Veterans Cemetery before heading through more agricultural areas. The route reaches an intersection with US 40 (Harding Highway) and CR 616 in a business area, where US 40 forms a concurrency with Route 45. The two routes head northeast into Woodstown as the Harding Highway into residential areas.

At the intersection with Main Street in downtown, Route 45 splits from US 40 by heading north on Main Street while CR 672 heads south on Main Street and US 40 continues to the east on East Avenue. Route 45 continues north, intersecting CR 636 before turning northeast again and meeting CR 602. The road passes over the SMS Rail Lines' Salem Branch line before coming to an intersection with CR 668/CR 617. A short distance later, the route enters Pilesgrove Township again and heads back into farmland with some residences and forested areas as an unnamed road, crossing CR 660.

### Gloucester County

Route 45 crosses Oldmans Creek into South Harrison Township, Gloucester County within woodland and continues through rural areas with some residential developments such as Woodstown-Mullica Hill Road. The route crosses CR 668 before crossing CR 694 and CR 607 within a close distance of each other. Past this intersection, it continues to CR 617, where the name changes to Woodstown Road, before crossing CR 538. A short distance later, the route enters Harrison Township and continues north. It enters the community of Mullica Hill, where it intersects the northern terminus of Route 77. Here, Route 45 turns north and becomes Main Street, passing homes and some businesses and turning into a county-maintained road. The route intersects Mullica Road, at which point it becomes concurrent with unsigned US 322 Bus./CR 536.

In Mullica Hill, the road crosses US 322 and CR 536A, where US 322 Bus. ends and CR 536 turns west along US 322, and Route 45 continues northeast along Main Street, passing residential and commercial development as a state-maintained road. The route intersects CR 664, CR 603, and CR 667, with a park and ride lot located at the southwest corner of the CR 667 intersection. Following this, Route 45 has an intersection with CR 624 before crossing into Mantua Township, where it becomes Bridgeton Pike. The road heads through a mix of woods and farms with occasional homes, intersecting CR 626. The route passes more rural land before heading into suburban development.

Here, Route 45 intersects CR 627 and CR 678 as it passes a mix of homes and businesses. The route intersects CR 632, where the name changes to Mantua Pike, and CR 553 Alt. before widening into a four-lane divided highway and crossing the Mantua Creek. At this point, Route 45 turns to the north and forms the border between Deptford Township to the east and West Deptford Township to the west, intersecting CR 648 and CR 656. At the intersection with College Boulevard, the route forms the border between Woodbury Heights to the east and West Deptford Township to the west, crossing over the New Jersey Turnpike without an interchange. From here, Route 45 continues north, intersecting CR 652 and CR 650.

After the intersection with the latter, the route becomes a four-lane undivided road, entering Woodbury and immediately crossing the Southern Railroad of New Jersey's Salem Branch line at-grade. The road crosses Conrail Shared Assets Operations' (CSAO) Penns Grove Secondary railroad line at-grade before coming to an intersection with CR 551. Here, Route 45 forms a concurrency with CR 551 and heads north-northeast on Broad Street through the downtown of Woodbury, where it intersects CR 663. Route 45 and CR 551 cross the Woodbury Creek out of the downtown area and intersect CR 644 near Inspira Health Center Woodbury. From here, the route continues past a mix of residences and businesses as a two-lane undivided road. CR 551 splits from Route 45 by heading east on Park Avenue then north on Broadway.

Meanwhile, Route 45 continues north along the border between Deptford Township to the east and Woodbury to the west, with CSAO's Vineland Secondary railroad line closely paralleling the route on its east side. At the intersection with CR 642, the road forms the border between Deptford Township and West Deptford Township again. The route widens into a four-lane divided highway as it comes to a partial interchange with I-295, with some of the movements provided by nearby CR 551 to the east. Past this interchange, Route 45 becomes a four-lane undivided highway and enters Westville. Here, it continues parallel to the railroad line to the east with businesses lining the west side of the road. Route 45 passes residential areas before it comes to its northern terminus at a partial interchange with US 130, with access to northbound US 130 and access from southbound US 130.

## History

Between Mullica Hill and Woodbury, the road was maintained under the **Mullica Hill and Woodbury Turnpike Company**, which was chartered in 1849. The same day, the **Woodbury and Camden Turnpike** was chartered. Three days later, a bill was passed permitting the two companies to merge as the **Mullica Hill and Camden Turnpike Company**, though the merger seems to have fallen through, as charter amendments would be administered to the former two companies' charters. The Woodbury and Camden was rechartered as the **Camden and Gloucester Turnpike** Company in 1853. From Mullica Hill to Woodstown, the **Mullica Hill and Woodstown Turnpike Company** maintained a road, though it's now bypassed by Route 45. South of Woodstown, the road was maintained by the **Salem and Woodstown Turnpike**.

What is now Route 45 was originally designated as a segment of pre-1927 Route 6 in 1917. This route was to head south from Camden and follow Route 45 to Mullica Hill, where it split into two branches, with one going to Salem on current Route 45 and another going to Bridgeton on current Route 77. In the 1927 New Jersey state highway renumbering, pre-1927 Route 6 between Camden and Salem became Route 45. A bypass around Camden was created as the southern half of Crescent Boulevard, a part of US 130, and Route 45 was rerouted to use the bypass up to the Airport Circle in Pennsauken Township. The old alignment of Route 45 became Route 45M. In the 1953 New Jersey state highway renumbering, the northern terminus of Route 45 was cut back to its current location in Westville to avoid the concurrency with US 130.

In the late 1960s, the Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC) proposed construction of a 10-mile (16 km) long, $20 million freeway along the Route 45 corridor in Gloucester County which would have extended from Exit 24 of I-295 in Woodbury to a planned US 322 freeway in Mullica Hill. The New Jersey Department of Transportation never followed through on this proposal. A portion of Route 45 was widened to four lanes from the border of Woodbury to the border of Mantua Township by the 1980s. In 2012, the Mullica Hill Bypass was completed, and US 322 was removed from its concurrency with Route 45.

## Major intersections

| County | Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Salem | Salem | 0.00 | 0.00 | Route 49 (Broadway) Bridgeton, Millville, Pennsville | Southern terminus |
| | Mannington Township | 2.12 | 3.41 |

CR 540 west (Bypass Road) to N.J. Turnpike Delaware Memorial Bridge | South end of CR 540 overlap |
| | 3.29 | 5.29 |
CR 540 east (Welchville Road) Alloway | North end of CR 540 overlap |
| | Pilesgrove Township | 8.80 | 14.16 |

US 40 west (Harding Highway) to N.J. Turnpike Delaware Memorial Bridge | South end of US 40 overlap |
| | Woodstown | 9.44 | 15.19 |
US 40 east (East Avenue) | North end of US 40 overlap |
| Gloucester | South Harrison Township | 15.65 | 25.19 | CR 538 (Swedesboro-Franklinville Road) Swedesboro, Hardingville |  |
| | Harrison Township | 17.40 | 28.00 |
Route 77 south (Bridgeton Pike) Bridgeton | Northern terminus of Route 77 |
| | 17.78 | 28.61 |

US 322 Bus. east / CR 536 east (Mullica Road) to US 322 Glassboro, Pitman | South end of US 322 Bus./CR 536 overlap |
| | 18.16 | 29.23 |

US 322 (CR 536 west / CR 536A east / Swedesboro Road / Mullica Hill Bypass) to N.J. Turnpike / Route 55 Commodore Barry Bridge, Pennsylvania, Bridgeport, Shore Points, Glassboro

US 322 Bus. ends | North end of US 322 Bus./CR 536 overlap |
| | Mantua Township | 22.69 | 36.52 |

CR 553 Alt. south (Main Street) Mantua, Pitman |  |
| | Woodbury | 25.49 | 41.02 |
CR 551 south (Salem Avenue) | South end of CR 551 overlap |
| | 26.93 | 43.34 |
CR 551 north (Park Avenue) | North end of CR 551 overlap |
| | West Deptford Township | 27.65 | 44.50 |

I-295 north to I-76 Camden, Philadelphia | I-295 exit 24A; access to northbound I-295 and access from southbound I-295 |
| | Westville | 28.51 | 45.88 |
US 130 north | Northern terminus; access to northbound US 130 and access from southbound US 130 |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
 | | | | | |

## Future

The New Jersey Department of Transportation is planning on rebuilding Route 45 in Woodbury to make it more friendly to pedestrians and bicyclists. The project calls for reducing the road from four lanes to three lanes while adding bike lanes, curb extensions to improve safety for pedestrians, and improvements to curb ramps and crosswalks. It is currently in the design stage.

Template:Attached KML/New Jersey Route 45KML is from Wikidata

## InfoBox

| Route 45 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by NJDOT and Gloucester County | |
| Length | 28.51 mi (45.88 km) |
| Existed | 1927–present |
| Tourist
routes | Bayshore Heritage Byway |
| Major junctions | |
| South end | Route 49 in Salem |
| Major intersections | US 40 in Woodstown
Route 77 in Harrison Township
US 322 in Harrison Township
I-295 in West Deptford Township |
| North end | US 130 in Westville |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New Jersey |
| Counties | Salem, Gloucester |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| Route 44   US 46 | |


title: New York's 31st State Senate district

abstract: New York's 31st State Senate district is one of 63 districts in the New York State Senate. It has been represented by Democrat Robert Jackson since 2019. Jackson defeated IDC-aligned incumbent Marisol Alcántara in the 2018 primary election, following primary losses for the same seat in 2014 and 2016.

text:
# New York's 31st State Senate district

**New York's 31st State Senate district** is one of 63 districts in the New York State Senate. It has been represented by Democrat Robert Jackson since 2019. Jackson defeated IDC-aligned incumbent Marisol Alcántara in the 2018 primary election, following primary losses for the same seat in 2014 and 2016.

## Geography

District 31 is based in the northern Manhattan neighborhoods of Washington Heights, Inwood, and Marble Hill, also stretching south along the Hudson River to include parts of Hamilton Heights, Harlem, Morningside Heights, the Upper West Side, Hell's Kitchen, and Chelsea.

The district overlaps with New York's 10th, 12th, and 13th congressional districts, and with the 67th, 69th, 70th, 71st, 72nd, and 75th districts of the New York State Assembly.

## Recent election results

### 2024

2024 New York State Senate election, District 31
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Democratic | *Robert Jackson* |  |  |
|  | Working Families | *Robert Jackson* |  |  |
|  | Total | Robert Jackson (incumbent) |  |  |
|  | Write-in | |  |  |
| Total votes | | |  | **100.0** |

### 2022

2022 New York State Senate election, District 31
| Primary election | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
|  | **Democratic** | **Robert Jackson (incumbent)** | **10,478** | **57.9** |
|  | Democratic | Angel Vasquez | 5,900 | 32.7 |
|  | Democratic | Francesca Castellanos | 896 | 5.0 |
|  | Democratic | Ruben Vargas | 733 | 4.1 |
|  | Write-in | | 61 | 0.3 |
| Total votes | | | **18,068** | **100.0** |
| General election | | | | |
|  | Democratic | *Robert Jackson* | 36,927 |  |
|  | Working Families | *Robert Jackson* | 5,183 |  |
|  | **Total** | **Robert Jackson (incumbent)** | **42,110** | **85.1** |
|  | Republican | Donald Skinner | 7,277 | 14.7 |
|  | Write-in | | 81 | 0.2 |
| Total votes | | | **49,468** | **100.0** |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | |

### 2020

2020 New York State Senate election, District 31
| Primary election | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
|  | **Democratic** | **Robert Jackson (incumbent)** | **30,443** | **84.0** |
|  | Democratic | Tirso Santiago Pina | 5,653 | 15.6 |
|  | Write-in | | 124 | 0.4 |
| Total votes | | | **36,224** | **100.0** |
| General election | | | | |
|  | Democratic | *Robert Jackson* | 90,090 |  |
|  | Working Families | *Robert Jackson* | 16,982 |  |
|  | **Total** | **Robert Jackson (incumbent)** | **107,072** | **88.4** |
|  | Republican | Melinda Crump | 13,961 | 11.5 |
|  | Write-in | | 123 | 0.1 |
| Total votes | | | **121,156** | **100.0** |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | |

### 2018

2018 New York State Senate election, District 31
| Primary election | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
|  | **Democratic** | **Robert Jackson** | **29,140** | **56.1** |
|  | Democratic | Marisol Alcántara (incumbent) | 19,885 | 38.3 |
|  | Democratic | Tirso Santiago Pina | 2,076 | 4.0 |
|  | Democratic | Thomas Leon | 778 | 1.5 |
|  | Write-in | | 84 | 0.1 |
| Total votes | | | **51,963** | **100.0** |
| General election | | | | |
|  | Democratic | *Robert Jackson* | 81,821 |  |
|  | Working Families | *Robert Jackson* | 5,145 |  |
|  | **Total** | **Robert Jackson** | **86,966** | **88.7** |
|  | Republican | *Melinda Crump* | 6,067 |  |
|  | Reform | *Melinda Crump* | 168 |  |
|  | Total | Melinda Crump | 6,235 | 6.4 |
|  | Independence | Marisol Alcántara (incumbent) | 4,660 | 4.8 |
|  | Write-in | | 74 | 0.1 |
| Total votes | | | **97,935** | **100.0** |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | |

### 2016

2016 New York State Senate election, District 31
| Primary election | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
|  | **Democratic** | **Marisol Alcántara** | **8,469** | **32.7** |
|  | Democratic | Micah Lasher | 8,175 | 31.5 |
|  | Democratic | Robert Jackson | 7,936 | 30.6 |
|  | Democratic | Luis Tejada | 1,316 | 5.1 |
|  | Write-in | | 26 | 0.1 |
| Total votes | | | **25,922** | **100.0** |
| General election | | | | |
|  | **Democratic** | **Marisol Alcántara** | **97,964** | **85.3** |
|  | Republican | Melinda Crump | 8,719 | 7.6 |
|  | Green | Julia Willebrand | 6,400 | 5.6 |
|  | Conservative | John Toro | 1,368 | 1.2 |
|  | Write-in | | 331 | 0.3 |
| Total votes | | | **114,782** | **100.0** |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | |

### 2014

2014 New York State Senate election, District 31
| Primary election | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
|  | **Democratic** | **Adriano Espaillat (incumbent)** | **10,439** | **49.8** |
|  | Democratic | Robert Jackson | 9,019 | 43.0 |
|  | Democratic | Luis Tejada | 1,466 | 7.0 |
|  | Write-in | | 38 | 0.2 |
| Total votes | | | **20,962** | **100.0** |
| General election | | | | |
|  | **Democratic** | **Adriano Espaillat (incumbent)** | **37,089** | **98.7** |
|  | Write-in | | 502 | 1.3 |
| Total votes | | | **37,591** | **100.0** |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | |

### 2012

2012 New York State Senate election, District 31
| Primary election | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
|  | **Democratic** | **Adriano Espaillat (incumbent)** | **11,138** | **61.3** |
|  | Democratic | Guillermo Linares | 6,927 | 38.1 |
|  | Write-in | | 107 | 0.6 |
| Total votes | | | **18,172** | **100.0** |
| General election | | | | |
|  | **Democratic** | **Adriano Espaillat (incumbent)** | **85,163** | **91.1** |
|  | Republican | Martin Chicon | 8,190 | 8.8 |
|  | Write-in | | 112 | 0.1 |
| Total votes | | | **93,465** | **100.0** |
|  | Democratic **hold** | | | |

### Federal results in District 31

| Year | Office | Results |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | President | Biden 86.4 – 12.3% |
| 2016 | President | Clinton 90.5 – 7.0% |
| 2012 | President | Obama 90.2 – 8.6% |
| | Senate | Gillibrand 91.8 – 6.9% |

## InfoBox

| New York's 31st
State Senate district | |
| --- | --- |
| --- | |
|  | |
| Senator | Robert Jackson
Fort George |
| Registration | 76.4% Democratic
5.6% Republican
15.3% No party preference |
| Demographics | 30% White
8% Black
55% Hispanic
5% Asian |
| Population (2017) | 339,071 |
| Registered voters | 231,899 |


title: Nextbio

abstract: NextBio is a privately owned software company that provides a platform for drug companies and life science researchers to search, discover, and share knowledge across public and proprietary data. It was co-founded by Saeid Akhtari, Ilya Kupershmidt, and Mostafa Ronaghi in 2004, and based in Cupertino, California, United States. The NextBio Platform is an ontology-based semantic framework that connects highly heterogeneous data and textual information. The semantic framework is based on gene, tissue, disease, and compound ontologies. This framework contains information from different organisms, platforms, data types. and research areas that is integrated into and correlated within a single searchable environment using proprietary algorithms. It provides a unified interface for researchers to formulate and test new hypotheses across vast collections of experimental data. According to the company, the enterprise version of the NextBio platform is being used in life science research and development and drug development by researchers and clinicians at: Merck Pharmaceutical, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C., Celgene, Genzyme, Eli Lilly and Company, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. This enterprise version allows internal, proprietary data to be uploaded and integrated into the NextBio database of publicly available data. According to the company, scientists are using NextBio to improve their ability to identify relevant prognostic and predictive molecular signatures which are significant in their research. In October 2013, Illumina acquired NextBio. In 2015, the NextBio research platform was rebranded as Correlation Engine.

text:
# Nextbio

**NextBio** is a privately owned software company that provides a platform for drug companies and life science researchers to search, discover, and share knowledge across public and proprietary data. It was co-founded by Saeid Akhtari, Ilya Kupershmidt, and Mostafa Ronaghi in 2004, and based in Cupertino, California, United States.

The NextBio Platform is an ontology-based semantic framework that connects highly heterogeneous data and textual information. The semantic framework is based on gene, tissue, disease, and compound ontologies. This framework contains information from different organisms, platforms, data types. and research areas that is integrated into and correlated within a single searchable environment using proprietary algorithms. It provides a unified interface for researchers to formulate and test new hypotheses across vast collections of experimental data.

According to the company, the enterprise version of the NextBio platform is being used in life science research and development and drug development by researchers and clinicians at: Merck Pharmaceutical, Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development, L.L.C., Celgene, Genzyme, Eli Lilly and Company, and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals. This enterprise version allows internal, proprietary data to be uploaded and integrated into the NextBio database of publicly available data. According to the company, scientists are using NextBio to improve their ability to identify relevant prognostic and predictive molecular signatures which are significant in their research. In October 2013, Illumina acquired NextBio. In 2015, the NextBio research platform was rebranded as Correlation Engine.

## InfoBox

NextBio
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Founded | California, United States (2004) |
| Founder | Saeid Akhtari
Ilya Kupershmidt
Mostafa Ronaghi |
| Headquarters | Cupertino, California, US |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Key people | Saeid Akhtari
(President & CEO)
Ilya Kupershmidt
(VP of Product Management)
Dr. Satnam Alag
(VP of Engineering) |
| Number of employees | 75 |
| Website | www.nextbio.com |


title: New England Westinghouse Company

abstract: The New England Westinghouse Company is a former division of Westinghouse Electric. It was founded in 1915 in East Springfield, Massachusetts. Its primary purpose was to fulfill a contract to produce 1.8 million Mosin–Nagant rifles for Czar Nicholas II of Russia during World War I. In order to produce the rifles, they purchased the J Stevens Arms & Tool Company in Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts on 1 July 1916 and acquired all its holdings which included firearms and tool manufacturing facilities, and the Stevens-Duryea automobile factory. They sold the tool manufacturing portion of Stevens and shut down production of Stevens-Duryea automobiles and civilian firearms. The remaining Stevens firearms facility was renamed the J Stevens Arms Company and its machinery was retooled to meet the Mosin–Nagant contract. After some 770,000 rifles had been produced, the Czar was deposed in March 1917. Nonetheless, the Russian Embassy in Washington, D.C. still under the direction of Provisional Government Ambassador Boris Bakhmeteff, made financial arrangements with the U.S. State Department and the U.S. Treasury Department on 20 December 1917 for National City Bank to make payments of $325,000 to the Remington Company for rifles and $2,075,000 to J.P. Morgan in connection with a Westinghouse arms contract. The company entered hard times and started producing M1918 Browning Automatic Rifles at the former Stevens-Duryea factory that was originally constructed for car manufacturing in 1912. In 1920 they sold the J Stevens Arms Company to Savage Arms but kept the automobile factory for use producing commercial products for Westinghouse Electric. In 1921, the Stevens-Duryea factory was the location of the first broadcasts of WBZ (AM), the first commercial radio station in the United States. New England Westinghouse was dissolved on 8 October 1926 by the Supreme Judicial Court of Suffolk County, Massachusetts. Westinghouse continued to operate the facility until its closure, with a foundry and knitting company operating at the factory location. The buildings were demolished and the land cleared in 2010, with the eventual goal of placing a mixed development on the site. In 2009–2011, Ameristar Casinos acquired use of this property for a $910 million resort casino, paying $16 million for the property. However, the proposal was eventually dropped in the face of competition from MGM and Penn National Gaming, who also wanted to build casinos in Springfield. MGM won the rights to build in Springfield, and constructed MGM Springfield on the Connecticut River.

text:
# New England Westinghouse Company

The **New England Westinghouse Company** is a former division of Westinghouse Electric. It was founded in 1915 in East Springfield, Massachusetts. Its primary purpose was to fulfill a contract to produce 1.8 million Mosin–Nagant rifles for Czar Nicholas II of Russia during World War I. In order to produce the rifles, they purchased the J Stevens Arms & Tool Company in Chicopee Falls, Massachusetts on 1 July 1916 and acquired all its holdings which included firearms and tool manufacturing facilities, and the Stevens-Duryea automobile factory. They sold the tool manufacturing portion of Stevens and shut down production of Stevens-Duryea automobiles and civilian firearms. The remaining Stevens firearms facility was renamed the J Stevens Arms Company and its machinery was retooled to meet the Mosin–Nagant contract. After some 770,000 rifles had been produced, the Czar was deposed in March 1917. Nonetheless, the Russian Embassy in Washington, D.C. still under the direction of Provisional Government Ambassador Boris Bakhmeteff, made financial arrangements with the U.S. State Department and the U.S. Treasury Department on 20 December 1917 for National City Bank to make payments of $325,000 to the Remington Company for rifles and $2,075,000 to J.P. Morgan in connection with a Westinghouse arms contract.

The company entered hard times and started producing M1918 Browning Automatic Rifles at the former Stevens-Duryea factory that was originally constructed for car manufacturing in 1912. In 1920 they sold the J Stevens Arms Company to Savage Arms but kept the automobile factory for use producing commercial products for Westinghouse Electric. In 1921, the Stevens-Duryea factory was the location of the first broadcasts of WBZ (AM), the first commercial radio station in the United States.

New England Westinghouse was dissolved on 8 October 1926 by the Supreme Judicial Court of Suffolk County, Massachusetts. Westinghouse continued to operate the facility until its closure, with a foundry and knitting company operating at the factory location. The buildings were demolished (with the exception of the Westinghouse office building along Page Blvd.) and the land cleared in 2010, with the eventual goal of placing a mixed development on the site.

In 2009–2011, Ameristar Casinos (now under Pinnacle Entertainment) acquired use of this property for a $910 million resort casino, paying $16 million for the property. However, the proposal was eventually dropped in the face of competition from MGM and Penn National Gaming, who also wanted to build casinos in Springfield. MGM won the rights to build in Springfield, and constructed MGM Springfield on the Connecticut River.

## CRRC railcar assembly plant

Changchun Railway Vehicles, now CRRC, later purchased the property for a new $65 million railcar assembly facility. This facility is responsible for the manufacturing and delivery of 252 new Red Line and 152 new Orange line subway cars for the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. On October 21, 2014, the MBTA submitted their recommendation of CNR Changchung Rail to the Massachusetts Department of Transportation. Construction of the new facility began in the fall of 2015. The first new Orange Line train entered revenue service on August 14, 2019; The facility will also build 45 bi-level cars for SEPTA.

42°8′24.01″N 72°33′21.05″W / 42.1400028°N 72.5558472°W / 42.1400028; -72.5558472


title: New York Atlas (lacrosse)

abstract: The New York Atlas, formerly known as Atlas Lacrosse Club, is a professional men's field lacrosse team in the Premier Lacrosse League (PLL).

text:
# New York Atlas (lacrosse)

The **New York Atlas**, formerly known as Atlas Lacrosse Club, is a professional men's field lacrosse team in the Premier Lacrosse League (PLL).

## History

The Atlas LC was one of the six founding members of the PLL for the 2019 season. The inaugural roster was made up of several former Johns Hopkins players, most notably PLL co-founder, Paul Rabil, as well as Tucker Durkin, Ryan Brown, John Crawley, and Joel Tinney. The Atlas has an unofficial rivalry with the Whipsnakes as several of the Whipsnakes players are former Maryland Terrapins, a collegiate rivalry carrying over to the pros. The Bulls struggled in their first 2 seasons going 7-10. However, in 2021 and 2022 they were among the league's best with a combined record of 13-9. This success was largely due to the breakout of Attackman Jeff Teat and the 2022 MVP campaign from Faceoff Athlete Trevor Baptiste. In 2023 it was announced that the Atlas LC would become the New York Atlas with the introduction of home cities for the 2024 season. The decision to place the Atlas identity in New York was attributed to iconography like the Wall Street Bull Statue and the tough, hard-nose nature of New York sports.

## Roster

| **2023 Atlas Lacrosse Club** | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| No. | Name | Nationality | Position | Height | Weight | College | Grad Year | High School | Hometown | Ref. |
| 0 | Koby Smith |  | LSM | 6'0" | 195 lbs | Towson | 2022 | Loyola Blakefield | Lutherville, Maryland |  |
| 1 | Connor Shellenberger |  | Attack | 6'1" | 195 lbs | Virginia | 2024 | St. Anne's-Belfield | Charlottesville, Virginia |  |
| 2 | Lance Tillman |  | Attack | 5'10" | 170 lbs | North Carolina | 2024 | Valor Christian | Highlands Ranch, Colorado |  |
| 3 | Peyton Smith |  | Faceoff | 6'1" | 188 lbs | Marist | 2020 | Athens Drive | Raleigh, North Carolina |  |
| 4 | Dylan Molloy |  | Attack | 6'0" | 220 lbs | Brown | 2017 | St. Anthony's | Setauket, New York |  |
| 5 | Tyler Carpenter |  | LSM | 5'10" | 180 lbs | Duke | 2024 | Salisbury | Durham, North Carolina |  |
| 6 | Dox Aitken |  | Midfield | 6'2" | 210 lbs | Virginia | 2021 | Haverford | Villanova, Pennsylvania |  |
| 7 | Jeff Teat |  | Attack | 5'10" | 170 lbs | Cornell | 2021 | The Hill Academy | Brampton, Ontario |  |
| 8 | Myles Jones |  | Midfield | 6'5" | 260 lbs | Duke | 2016 | Walt Whitman | Huntington, New York |  |
| 9 | Trevor Baptiste **(C)** |  | Faceoff | 5'10" | 225 lbs | Denver | 2018 | Morristown–Beard | Denville, New Jersey |  |
| 10 | Xander Dickson |  | Attack | 6'1" | 160 lbs | Virginia | 2023 | Brunswick | Greenwich, Connecticut |  |
| 14 | Jake Stevens |  | Midfield | 5'9" | 193 lbs | Syracuse | 2024 | Culver | Puslinch, Ontario |  |
| 15 | Eric Law **(C)** |  | Attack | 5'11" | 180 lbs | Denver | 2013 | Arapahoe | Centennial, Colorado |  |
| 19 | John Geppert |  | LSM | 6'3" | 210 lbs | Maryland | 2023 | Landon | Washington, DC |  |
| 22 | Michael Rexrode |  | Defense | 6'0" | 180 lbs | Rutgers | 2018 | Loudoun County | Leesburg, Virginia |  |
| 24 | Payton Cormier |  | Attack | 6'2" | 230 lbs | Virginia | 2024 | Oakville | Oakville, Ontario |  |
| 26 | Bryan Costabile |  | Midfield | 6'2" | 205 lbs | Notre Dame | 2020 | Mount Saint Joseph | Sykesville, Maryland |  |
| 34 | Drake Porter |  | Goalie | 5'11" | 183 lbs | Syracuse | 2021 | IMG Academy | Aurora, Ontario |  |
| 43 | Brett Makar |  | Defense | 6'1" | 210 lbs | Maryland | 2023 | Yorktown Heights | Yorktown Heights, New York |  |
| 44 | Liam Entenmann |  | Goalie | 6'3" | 203 lbs | Notre Dame | 2024 | Chaminade | Point Lookout, New York |  |
| 54 | Peter Dearth |  | SSDM | 6'3" | 214 lbs | Syracuse | 2021 | Ridgefield | Ridgefield, Connecticut |  |
| 57 | Chet Comizio |  | SSDM | 5'10" | 175 lbs | Villanova | 2023 | Delbarton | Basking Ridge, New Jersey |  |
| 77 | Gavin Adler |  | Defense | 5'8" | 180 lbs | Cornell | 2023 | Hewlett | Hewlett, New York |  |
| 88 | Ronan Jacoby |  | Midfield | 6'1" | 206 lbs | Rutgers | 2023 | Glastonbury | Glastonbury, Connecticut |  |
| 91 | Danny Logan |  | SSDM | 5'11" | 200 lbs | Denver | 2021 | Upper Arlington | Upper Arlington, Ohio |  |
| 98 | Reid Bowering |  | Midfield | 6'0" | 190 lbs | Drexel | 2021 | Archbishop Carney | Coquitlam, British Columbia |  |
|  | Payton Rezanka |  | SSDM | 5'11" | 200 lbs | Loyola | 2023 | Cathedral Catholic | San Diego, California |  |

Source:

*Indicates player is on the holdout list

\**Indicates player is on the PUP list

**(C)**: Captain

### Coaching staff

## All-time Draft selections

### 2019 College Draft

| Rnd. | Pick # | Player | Pos. | College | Conf. | 2019 Accolades |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | 2 | Ryan Conrad | Midfield | Virginia | Atlantic Coast Conference | First-Team All-American, First-Team ACC |
| **2** | 11 | Cade Van Raaphorst | Defense | Duke | Atlantic Coast Conference | First-Team All-American, First-Team ACC |
| **3** | 14 | Noah Richard | Midfield | Marquette | Big East Conference | Honorable Mention All-American, Big East Defensive Player of the Year, First-Team Big East |
| **4** | 23 | Brent Noseworthy | Midfield | Michigan | Big Ten Conference | 2018 Accolades (Injured most of 2019): Honorable Mention All-American, First-Team Big Ten |
| **Undrafted** | FA | Jacob Stover | Goalie | Loyola | Patriot League | First-Team All-American, First-Team Patriot League, Patriot League Goalie of the Year |

**2020 Entry Draft**

The 2020 player entry draft occurred on March 16 for teams to select players arriving from rival Major League Lacrosse. On March 4, Paul Burmeister and NBCSN hosted an entry draft lottery for selection order. Out of 100 balls to select from, Waterdogs had 40, Chrome had 25, Atlas had 15, Archers had 10, Chaos had 6, Redwoods had 3, and the champion Whipsnakes had 1.

Rob Pannell was announced to be transferring to the PLL on March 9, followed by 15 other players the following day, which comprised the selection pool for the entry draft. A total of 14 players were selected in the entry draft with remaining new players entering the league player pool.

Draft results
| Rnd. | Pick # | PLL Team | Player | Pos. | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | 3 | Atlas | Rob Pannell | Attack | Cornell |
| **2** | 10 | Atlas | Craig Chick | Defense | Lehigh |

### 2020 College Draft

| Rnd. | Pick # | PLL Team | Player | Pos. | College | Conference |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | 2 | Atlas | Bryan Costabile | Midfield | Notre Dame | ACC |  |
| **2** | 10 | Atlas | Aidan Hynes | Defense | Yale | Ivy League |  |

2021 Entry Draft

| Rnd. | Pick # | Player | Pos. | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | 3 | Dan Bucaro | Attack | Georgetown |
| **2** | 9 | Michael Rexrode | Defense | Rutgers |
| **3** | 14 | Andrew Newbold | Defense | Sacred Heart |
| **4** | 22 | Brendan Sunday | Attack | Towson |

### 2021 College Draft

| Rnd. | Pick # | Player | Pos. | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | 1 | Jeff Teat | Attack | Cornell |
| **1** | 8 | Dox Aitken | Midfield | Virginia |
| **2** | 10 | Jake Carraway | Midfield/Attack | Georgetown |
| **4** | 11 | Danny Logan | SSDM | Denver |
| **5** | 17 | Peter Dearth | SSDM | Syracuse |
| **6** | 26 | Gerard Arceri | Faceoff | Penn State |

### 2022 College Draft

| Rnd. | Pick # | Player | Pos. | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | 2 | Chris Gray | Attack | North Carolina |
| **1** | 5 | Koby Smith | LSM | Towson |
| **2** | 13 | Brendan Curry | Midfield | Syracuse |
| **3** | 21 | Max Wayne | Defense | Christopher Newport |

### 2023 College Draft

| Rnd. | Pick # | Player | Pos. | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | 1 | Gavin Adler | Defense | Cornell |
| **1** | 3 | Brett Makar | Defense | Maryland |
| **2** | 11 | Xander Dickson | Attack | Virginia |
| **3** | 19 | Payton Rezanka | SSDM | Loyola |
| **4** | 27 | Kyle Long | Attack | Maryland |

### 2024 College Draft

| Rnd. | Pick # | Player | Pos. | College |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | 2 | Connor Shellenberger | Attack | Virginia |
| **1** | 5 | Liam Entenmann | Goalie | Notre Dame |
| **2** | 10 | Jake Stevens | Midfield | Syracuse |
| **4** | 26 | Tyler Carpenter | D | Duke |

## Season Results

2019
| Week | Location | Date | Opponent | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Boston, Massachusetts | June 2, 2019 | Redwoods | **L** 9–11 |
| 2 | New York, New York | June 8, 2019 | Chaos | **L** 13–18 |
| 3 | Chicago, Illinois | June 16, 2019 | Chrome | **W** 13–12 |
| 4 | Baltimore, Maryland | June 22, 2019 | Whipsnakes | **L** 10–15 |
| 5 | Atlanta, Georgia | June 28, 2019 | Archers | **W** 13–12 |
| 6 | Washington, DC | July 6, 2019 | Whipsnakes | **L** 9–11 |
| All-Star Break | Los Angeles, California | July 21, 2019 | Bye | Bye |
| 7 | Denver, Colorado | July 27, 2019 | Redwoods | **W** 18-15 |
| 8 | San Jose, California | August 11, 2019 | Archers | **L** 11–15 |
| 9 | Hamilton, Ontario | August 17, 2019 | Chrome | **W** 17-14 |
|
| 10 | Albany, New York | August 25, 2019 | Chaos | **W** 12-9 |
|
| Playoffs Round 1 | Columbus, Ohio | September 7, 2019 | Chrome | **W** 17-8 |
|
| First Draft Pick Game | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | September 21, 2019 | Archers | **L** 25-7 |
|

2020
| Game | Location | Date | Opponent | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Herriman, Utah | July 26, 2020 | Waterdogs | **W** 11–10 |
| 2 | Herriman, Utah | July 27, 2020 | Archers | **L** 10–11 |
| 3 | Herriman, Utah | July 30, 2020 | Whipsnakes | **L** 6–15 |
| 4 | Herriman, Utah | August 1, 2020 | Redwoods | **L** 10–11 |
| 5 (Elimination) | Herriman, Utah | August 4, 2020 | Archers | **L** 9–11 |

2021
| Game | Location | Date | Opponent | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Foxborough, Massachusetts | June 5, 2021 | Archers | **L** 6–18 |
| 2 | Kennesaw, Georgia | June 12, 2021 | Redwoods | **W** 12–9 |
| 3 | Baltimore, Maryland | June 25, 2021 | Whipsnakes | **L** 11–12 |
| 4 | Baltimore, Maryland | June 27, 2021 | Cannons | **W** 18–17 |
| 5 | Hempstead, New York | July 4, 2021 | Chrome | **W** 16–10 |
| 6 | Eagan, Minnesota | July 10, 2021 | Chaos | **W** 16–10 |
| 7 | Colorado Springs, Colorado | July 30, 2021 | Chrome | **W** 19–10 |
| 8 | Colorado Springs, Colorado | August 1, 2021 | Cannons | **W** 13–12 |
| 9 | Albany, New York | August 14, 2021 | Waterdogs | **L** 9–10 |
| 10 (Quarterfinal) | Sandy, Utah | August 21, 2021 | Cannons | **W** 13–9 |
| 11 (Semifinal) | Chester, Pennsylvania | September 5, 2021 | Chaos | **L** 9–15 |

2022
| Game | Location | Date | Opponent | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Albany, New York | June 4, 2022 | Redwoods | **W** 17-11 |
| 2 | Charlotte, North Carolina | June 11, 2022 | Cannons | **W** 16-8 |
| 3 | Hempstead, Long Island (New York) | June 17, 2022 | Whipsnakes | **L** 8-12 |
| 4 | Baltimore, Maryland | June 25, 2022 | Archers | **W** 10-9 |
| 5 | Eagan, MN (Minneapolis) | July 1, 2022 | Chrome | **W** 14-13 |
| 6 | Fairfield, CT | July 23, 2022 | Redwoods | **L** 15-16 |
| 7 | Frisco, TX (Dallas) | July 30, 2022 | Archers | **W** 14-9 |
| 8 | Denver, CO | August 6, 2022 | Waterdogs | **L** 15-16 |
| 9 | Herriman, UT (Salt Lake City) | August 12, 2022 | Whipsnakes | **L** 8-16 |
| 10 | Tacoma, WA (Seattle) | August 21, 2022 | Chaos | **W** 10-9 |
| 11 (Quarterfinal) | Foxborough, MA (Boston) | September 3, 2022 | Waterdogs | **L** 14-19 |

2023 Championship Series
| Game | Location | Date | Opponent | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Springfield, VA | February 22, 2023 | Whipsnakes | **W** 29-16 |
| 2 | Springfield, VA | February 23, 2023 | Chrome | **W** 29-20 |
| 3 | Springfield, VA | February 24, 2023 | Archers | **W** 31-26 |
| 4 (Semifinals) | Springfield, VA | February 25, 2023 | Whipsnakes | **W** 30-21 |
| 5 (Championship) | Springfield, VA | February 26, 2023 | Chrome | **L** 23-24 |

2023
| Game | Location | Date | Opponent | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Albany, New York | June 3, 2023 | Redwoods | **L** 12-13 |
| 2 | Charlotte, North Carolina | June 11, 2023 | Whipsnakes | **W** 12-11 |
| 3 | Columbus, OH | June 16, 2023 | Waterdogs | **L** 18-19 |
| 4 | Eagan, MN (Minneapolis) | July 8, 2023 | Cannons | **L** 12-19 |
| 5 | Fairfield, CT | July 15, 2023 | Chaos | **L** 15-11 |
| 6 | Frisco, TX (Dallas) | July 29, 2023 | Chrome | **W** 11-9 |
| 7 | Baltimore, MD | August 5, 2023 | Archers | **L** 14-13 (OT) |
| 8 | Denver, CO | August 12, 2023 | Waterdogs | **L** 11-14 |
| 9 | Tacoma, WA (Seattle) | August 18, 2023 | Cannons | **L** 13-14 |
| 10 | Herriman, UT (Salt Lake City) | August 25, 2023 | Redwoods | **L** 7-12 |
| 11 (Quarterfinal) | Foxborough, MA (Boston) | September 4, 2023 | Cannons | **L** 11-20 |

2024
| Game | Location | Date | Opponent | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Albany, New York | June 1, 2024 | Boston | **W** 19-12 |
| 2 | Albany, New York | June 2, 2024 | Maryland | **W** 17-13 |
| 3 | Charlotte, NC | June 8, 2024 | Carolina | **W** 15-12 |
| 4 | Villanova, PA (Philadelphia) | June 16, 2024 | California |  |
| 5 | Eagan, MN (Minneapolis) | June 28, 2024 | Maryland |  |
| 6 | Cambridge, MA (Boston) | July 5, 2024 | Denver |  |
| 7 | Fairfield, CT | July 20, 2024 | Boston |  |
| 8 | San Diego, CA | July 28, 2024 | Waterdogs |  |
| 9 | Denver, CO | August 10, 2024 | Utah |  |
| 10 | Herriman, UT (Salt Lake City) | August 27, 2024 | Philadelphia |  |
| 11 (Quarterfinal) | Foxborough, MA (Boston) | September 2, 2024 |  |  |
| 12 (Semifinal) | Long Island, NY | September 8, 2024 |  |  |
| 13 (Championship) | Chester, Pennsylvania | September 15, 2024 |  |  |

## PLL Award Winners

**Jim Brown Most Valuable Player**

* Trevor Baptiste: 2022

**Paul Cantabene Faceoff Athlete of the Year**

**George Boiardi Short Stick Midfielder of the Year**

**Rookie of the Year**

**Dave Huntley Sportsmanship Award**

**Welles Crowther Humanitarian Award**

## Head coaches

| # | Name | Term | Regular Season | | | | Playoffs | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | GP | W | L | Pct | GP | W | L | Pct |
| 1 | John Paul | 2019 | 10 | 5 | 5 | .500 | 2 | 1 | 1 | .500 |
| 2 | Ben Rubeor | 2020-2022 | 23 | 13 | 10 | .565 | 4 | 1 | 3 | .250 |
| 3 | Mike Pressler | 2023- | 13 | 5 | 8 | .385 | 1 | 0 | 1 | .000 |

## All-time record vs. PLL Clubs

| Opponent | Won | Lost | Percentage | Streak |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Archers | 3 | 6 | .333 | Lost 1 |
| Cannons | 5 | 3 | .625 | Won 1 |
| Chaos | 4 | 3 | .571 | Won 1 |
| Outlaws | 7 | 0 | 1.000 | Won 7 |
| Redwoods | 3 | 5 | .375 | Lost 3 |
| Waterdogs | 1 | 5 | .167 | Lost 5 |
| Whipsnakes | 2 | 6 | .250 | Won 2 |
|
| **Totals** | **25** | **28** | **.472** |  |

## InfoBox

New York Atlas
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | New York Atlas Lacrosse Club |
| Nickname | Bulls |
| Founded | 2019 |
| League | Premier Lacrosse League |
| Based in | Albany, New York |
| Stadium | Casey Stadium |
| Colors |  |
| Head coach | Mike Pressler |
| Championships | None |
| Website | New York Atlas |


title: Newfoundland and Labrador Route 350

abstract: Route 350, commonly known as Botwood Highway, is a side highway in Central Newfoundland that leads from the Trans-Canada Highway in Bishop's Falls to Botwood, Point Leamington and Leading Tickles. It is 70.7 kilometres (43.9 mi) in length and contains several side roads to communities located off the route, such as Peterview, and Route 352 that leads to Point of Bay and the Cottrell's Cove-Fortune Harbour area. Route 350-17 branches off in Point Leamington and connects the small community of Pleasantview to the main route. Route 350 continues on from Point Leamington for another 25 km north to Leading Tickles where the road officially ends. Along the way there is another short road connecting Glovers Harbour to the main route as well.

text:
# Newfoundland and Labrador Route 350

**Route 350**, commonly known as **Botwood Highway**, is a side highway in Central Newfoundland that leads from the Trans-Canada Highway (Route 1) in Bishop's Falls to Botwood, Point Leamington and Leading Tickles. It is 70.7 kilometres (43.9 mi) in length and contains several side roads to communities located off the route, such as Peterview, and Route 352 that leads to Point of Bay and the Cottrell's Cove-Fortune Harbour area. Route 350-17 branches off in Point Leamington and connects the small community of Pleasantview to the main route. Route 350 continues on from Point Leamington for another 25 km north to Leading Tickles where the road officially ends. Along the way there is another short road connecting Glovers Harbour to the main route as well.

## Route description

Route 350 begins in Bishop's Falls at an interchange with Route 1 (Trans-Canada Highway, Exit 22) just north of downtown. It heads northeast, paralleling the Exploits River, to pass through some neighbourhoods before leaving Bishop's Falls and passing through rural areas for several kilometres, where the road passes by the Exploits Valley (Botwood) Airport (Signed as Centra Newfoundland Airstrip). The highway begins following the coastline of the Bay of Exploits as it passes through Botwood, where it meets a local road leading to Peterview, and Northern Arm, where it makes a left turn at an intersection with Route 352 (Fortune Harbour Road). Route 350 now heads north through inland terrain for several kilometres to Point Leamington, where it meets a local road leading to Pleasantview before winding its through town. The highway winds its way northward through hilly terrain for several kilometres, where it meets a local road leading to Glovers Harbour, before entering Leading Tickles. Route 350 passes through some neighbourhoods before crossing a Causeway onto Cull Island and heading westward through the main part of town. Route 350 now comes to a dead end near the western tip of the island.

## Major intersections

| Location | km | mi | Destinations | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Bishop's Falls | 0.0 | 0.0 | Route 1 (TCH) Grand Falls-Windsor, Gander | Exit 22 on Route 1; southern terminus; road continues south as Main Street into downtown |
|  | 4.6 | 2.9 | Exploits Valley (Botwood) Airport main entrance | Access road into airport; Signed as Centra Newfoundland Airstrip |
| Botwood | 12.6 | 7.8 | Peterview Road (Route 350-13) - Peterview |  |
| Northern Arm | 20.8 | 12.9 | Route 352 north (Fortune Harbour Road) Philips Head, Point of Bay | Southern terminus of Route 352 |
| Point Leamington | 39.1 | 24.3 | Pleasantview Road (Route 350-17) - Pleasantview |  |
|  | 61.2 | 38.0 | Glovers Harbour Road (Route 350-21) - Glovers Harbour |  |
| Leading Tickles | 70.7 | 43.9 | Dead End | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi<br> | | | | | |

49°20′46″N 55°25′12″W / 49.3460°N 55.4199°W / 49.3460; -55.4199

## InfoBox

| Route 350 | |
| --- | --- |
| Botwood Highway | |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by Newfoundland and Labrador Department of Transportation and Infrastructure | |
| Length | 70.7 km (43.9 mi) |
| Major junctions | |
| South end | Route 1 (TCH) in Bishop's Falls |
| Major intersections | Route 352 in Northern Arm |
| North end | Leading Tickles |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Newfoundland and Labrador |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| Route 346   Route 351 | |


title: New York City migrant housing crisis

abstract: The New York City migrant housing crisis is a migrant crisis exacerbated by the existing New York City housing shortage, that began in April 2022. It has been driven by the Venezuelan refugee crisis, and to a lesser extent that from Haiti and other countries. New York City is a sanctuary city. Texas Governor Greg Abbott's Operation Lone Star has seen the busing of migrants from the USA-Mexico border to sanctuary cities across the USA, initiated after the CDC announced rescinding of Title 42 expulsions on April 1, 2022. The Texas free busing does not constitute the majority of recent migrants, but it does account for many of the highest-need cases. The crisis has strained the city shelter system, and sparked controversy around temporary new shelters, as Mayor Eric Adams has sought to modify the 1981 consent decree for Callahan v. Carey. Temporary protected status for Venezuelans, facilitating work permits with a goal of reducing dependency, was extended by President Biden in September 2023, after strong lobbying by New York political leaders. In July 2023, Mayor Eric Adams argued that New York City was running out of room and resources to provide for the influx of roughly 100,000 migrants from the southern border. He said, "Our cup has basically runneth over. We have no more room in the city." In September 2023, Adams warned reporters that the migrant crisis could "destroy" New York City. On December 27, 2023, Adams signed an executive order requiring bus operators to give 32 hours notice before dropping off migrants, requiring a passenger manifest, and limiting dropoffs to a site near Times Square between 8:30am and noon. This led to bus operators dropping migrants off at New Jersey train stations with tickets to New York City.

text:
# New York City migrant housing crisis

The **New York City migrant housing crisis** is a migrant crisis exacerbated by the existing New York City housing shortage, that began in April 2022. It has been driven by the Venezuelan refugee crisis, and to a lesser extent that from Haiti and other countries. New York City is a sanctuary city.

Texas Governor Greg Abbott's Operation Lone Star has seen the busing of migrants from the USA-Mexico border to sanctuary cities across the USA, initiated after the CDC announced rescinding of Title 42 expulsions on April 1, 2022. The Texas free busing does not constitute the majority of recent migrants, but it does account for many of the highest-need cases. The crisis has strained the city shelter system, and sparked controversy around temporary new shelters, as Mayor Eric Adams has sought to modify the 1981 consent decree for *Callahan v. Carey*. Temporary protected status for Venezuelans, facilitating work permits with a goal of reducing dependency, was extended by President Biden in September 2023, after strong lobbying by New York political leaders.

In July 2023, Mayor Eric Adams argued that New York City was running out of room and resources to provide for the influx of roughly 100,000 migrants from the southern border. He said, "Our cup has basically runneth over. We have no more room in the city."

In September 2023, Adams warned reporters that the migrant crisis could "destroy" New York City.

On December 27, 2023, Adams signed an executive order requiring bus operators to give 32 hours notice before dropping off migrants, requiring a passenger manifest, and limiting dropoffs to a site near Times Square between 8:30am and noon. This led to bus operators dropping migrants off at New Jersey train stations with tickets to New York City.


title: New Mexico State Road 142

abstract: State Road 142 (NM 142) is a 10.09-mile-long (16.24 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 142's southern terminus is at NM 52 east of Cuchillo, and the northern terminus is at the end of state maintenance by Monticello.

text:
# New Mexico State Road 142

**State Road 142** (**NM 142**) is a 10.09-mile-long (16.24 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 142's southern terminus is at NM 52 east of Cuchillo, and the northern terminus is at the end of state maintenance by Monticello.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Sierra County.

| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 0.000 | 0.000 | NM 52 | Southern terminus |
|  | 10.088 | 16.235 | End of state maintenance | Northern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi<br> | | | | | |

Template:Attached KML/New Mexico State Road 142KML is not from Wikidata

## InfoBox

| State Road 142 | |
| --- | --- |
| NM 142 highlighted in red | |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by NMDOT | |
| Length | 10.088 mi (16.235 km) |
| Major junctions | |
| South end | NM 52 near Cuchillo |
| North end | End of state maintenance by Monticello |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New Mexico |
| Counties | Sierra |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
| * **New Mexico State Highway System** | |
| NM 140   NM 143 | |


title: New Mexico State Road 143

abstract: State Road 143 (NM 143) is a 6.135-mile-long (9.873 km), paved, two-lane state highway in Luna County in the U.S. state of New Mexico. NM 143's northern terminus is east of Deming at the road's junction with NM 549. The road's southern terminus is at the entrance to the Rockhound State Park. NM 143 is also known as Stirrup Road.

text:
# New Mexico State Road 143

**State Road 143** (**NM 143**) is a 6.135-mile-long (9.873 km), paved, two-lane state highway in Luna County in the U.S. state of New Mexico. NM 143's northern terminus is east of Deming at the road's junction with NM 549. The road's southern terminus is at the entrance to the Rockhound State Park. NM 143 is also known as Stirrup Road.

## Route description

NM 143 begins at the junction with NM 549 in the unincorporated area east of the city of Deming. The road starts out by heading straight south through the arid desert, skirting the Little Florida Mountains from the west, while the Dragon Ridge of the Florida Mountains can be clearly seen to the south. After approximately 3.7 miles (6.0 km) the highway intersects former state road NM 141, an original access road to the Rockhound State Park. Shortly after the junction, the highway turns southeast, and travels through an unincorporated sparsely populated community for approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) before turning east. NM 198 forks right at roughly 5.5 miles (8.9 km) mark, and NM 143 turns northeasterly before reaching the entrance of the Rockhound State Park in the southern part of Little Florida Mountains.

## History

After Rockhound State Park was formed in 1966, a road was built connecting it to NM 11 south of Deming. At some point this road became known as NM 141. The road connecting US 80 to ranching communities southeast of Deming was known as Luna County Road B 026. On July 1, 1988 a road exchange agreement was signed between the NMDOT and Luna County which transferred the County Roads B 023 and B 026 to the state. The former county roads were broken up into several segments to avoid road concurrency, with the stretch between the former US 80 (which was redesignated as NM 549) and a three-way junction with NM 497 and NM 141 became known as NM 143. NM 141 was removed from the state control some time after 2000, and NM 497 was consolidated with NM 143 into a single road.

## Major intersections

The entire route is in Luna County.

| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 0.000 | 0.000 | NM 549 Deming | Northern terminus |
|  | 3.681 | 5.924 | Rockhound Road | Eastern terminus of former NM 141 |
|  | 5.554 | 8.938 |
NM 198 south Spring Canyon State Park | Northern terminus of NM 198 |
|  | 6.135 | 9.873 | Rockhound State Park | Southern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
 | | | | | |

Template:Attached KML/New Mexico State Road 143KML is not from Wikidata

## InfoBox

| State Road 143 | |
| --- | --- |
| Stirrup Road | |
|  | |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by NMDOT | |
| Length | 6.135 mi (9.873 km) |
| Existed | 1988–present |
| Major junctions | |
| North end | NM 549 near Deming |
| South end | Rockhound State Park |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New Mexico |
| Counties | Luna |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
| * **New Mexico State Highway System** | |
| NM 142   NM 144 | |


abstract: Musselburgh and District Electric Light and Traction Company operated a passenger tramway service in Musselburgh between 1904 and 1928.

text:
# Musselburgh and District Electric Light and Traction Company

**Musselburgh and District Electric Light and Traction Company** operated a passenger tramway service in Musselburgh between 1904 and 1928.

## History

The National Electric Construction Company built a 3-mile tramway in Musselburgh from the terminus of the Edinburgh cable-hauled tramway at Joppa, to Levenhall. This opened for service on 12 December 1904. In August 1905 the NEC set up the Musselburgh and District Electric Light and Traction Company to operate the line, and the system was expanded with an extension to Tranent Road in Cockenzie opening on 5 August 1909, and on 31 December 1909 to Port Seton bringing the total single line route to 6.55 miles.

Due to narrow streets, the line was mostly single track, with passing loops at various places.

Construction of the Port Seton Golf Club course was largely funded by the company, as their terminus was midway along the proposed course. It opened in 1912, utilising 100 acres of land leased from Francis Charteris, 10th Earl of Wemyss. The club sponsored the Port Seton Professional Tournament in June 1914 to promote the course.

## Closure

The line closed on 25 February 1928. Edinburgh Corporation Tramways assumed responsibility for through services as far as Levenhall. The remaining section was replaced by motor buses.

## Remnants

Near Morrison's Haven, a section of one double-track loop about 58m in length and laid in setts survives, and was uncovered at some point for educational purposes. It is thought other sections still survive beneath the tarmacced roads.

## InfoBox

| Musselburgh and District Electric Light and Traction Company | |
| --- | --- |
| Map of the route of the Musselburgh and District Electric Light and Traction Company | |
| Operation | |
| Locale | Musselburgh |
| Open | 12 December 1904 |
| Close | 25 February 1928 |
| Status | Closed |
| Infrastructure | |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+12 in) |
| Propulsion system(s) | Electric |
| Statistics | |
| Route length | 6.53 miles (10.51 km) |


title: Rahman Shah

abstract: Rahman Shah bin Marajeh sometimes spelled Rahmanshah Marajeh is a Malaysian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Malaysia Super League club Sabah.

text:
# Rahman Shah

**Rahman Shah bin Marajeh** (born 10 July 1996) sometimes spelled **Rahmanshah Marajeh** is a Malaysian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Malaysia Super League club Sabah.

## InfoBox

Rahman Shah
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Rahman Shah bin Marajeh | | |
| Date of birth | (1996-07-10) 10 July 1996 | | |
| Place of birth | Sabah, Malaysia | | |
| Height | 1.81 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Sabah | | |
| Number | 23 | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2017–2021 | Sabah | 16 | (1) |
| 2022 | Harini | 0 | (0) |
| 2023- | Sabah | 0 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 06 JUN 2023 | | | |


title: New Friars

abstract: The new friars is a modern social movement of a long tradition of Christian friars that has developed within certain Christian communities. These communities of men and women have voluntarily removed themselves from the status quo in order to seek justice and mercy with the poorest of the world's poor.

text:
# New Friars

**The new friars** is a modern social movement of a long tradition of Christian friars that has developed within certain Christian communities. These communities of men and women have voluntarily removed themselves from the status quo in order to seek justice and mercy with the poorest of the world's poor.

## Goals

The specific aim of each of these groups of people is to plant new communities in the desperate corners of the global fringe. They are artistic, international, ecumenical, contemplative people with a vision to see a flourishing of God's shalom. These outwardly oriented communities have been established in some of the highest poverty neighborhoods of the world, in places like Kolkata, India; Freetown, Sierra Leone; Caracas, Venezuela; and Los Angeles, California.

## Inspiration

This emerging missional renewal movement has been inspired by the old orders. They exist on the outer edge of the mainstream church like the old orders, and they enjoy many of the disciplines and liturgies developed within the old orders. What's more, they have benefited from some of the organizational, entrepreneurial, and strategic thinking of modern, evangelical missions agencies.

While these groups often parallel western communities who identify with the New Monasticism, the new monastic communities may be characterized by a centripetal force, renewing the church and the neighborhoods in which they exist by drawing people in, while the new friars by a centrifugal one, whose energy moves outward to the global margins, seeking to raise up and mobilize members to move into the cities of the majority world. Neomonastic communities in the west are like domestic cousins to the new friars, who inhabit the slums primarily in the developing world.

## Origins

The publishing of The New Friars in 2006 became a catalyst for several groups to begin conversation around the term. Viv Grigg, who helped to found Servants to Asia's Urban Poor in the 1980s, was among the first to use the language of Catholic orders in describing this mission-driven revival of incarnational ministry among the poor. But Grigg warns people from too closely tying this renewal movement to the old orders. “God is doing something new. Some of it may look very much like the old preaching orders of friars. But we must give God the freedom to do a new thing.” Others whose writings and work have influenced the movement include Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Michael Duncan, Athol Gill, and Ralph Winter.

The use of “friar” language is not universally accepted within the movement and must be held loosely. The new friars have roots in five historic, radically missional movements dating from the 5th to the 17th century – Celtic, Nestorian, Franciscan, Moravian, and Jesuit – only one of which, the Franciscans, could technically be identified as an order of “friars.” The apostolic qualities which unify these divergent groups are more critical than the “friar” terminology. These include five distinctives. These groups were/are incarnational, devotional, communal, missional and marginal, the very qualities showing up in new missional communities.

## Distinction of New Friars

1. Incarnational: The new friars seek to *be* the gospel by becoming part of the communities of the dispossessed among whom they seek to serve, moving into their informal shantytowns and becoming, to a large degree, one of them.
2. Devotional: The new friars are organized around a set of spiritual commitments to govern their walk with Jesus, with one another, and with the communities of lost, poor, or broken souls into which they have moved.
3. Communal: The new friars live together and hold in common many of those things that they held privately before joining the community.
4. Missional: The new friars have something of the spirit of mission-driven monks and nuns in them, leaving their mother countries and moving to those parts of the world where little is known about Jesus.
5. Marginal: The new friars are on the fringe of the mainstream church and they seek to plant themselves amount people who exist on the edge of society (sex workers, street kids, orphans and families who are simply trapped in poverty).

## Differences from "Traditional" Christian Friars

While these modern communities share much in common with the historic order of friars, there are a number of significant differences.

1. The modern movement is not predominantly a Catholic movement. It is, however, theologically broad enough for Catholics and Protestants to serve together.
2. The modern movement is not just for males. “Friar” is an exclusively male term, while the emerging movement is majority female and includes families.
3. The modern movement is vocationally diverse. The sort of transformation new friars seek in the world's poorest communities requires them to become, or at least to integrally enfold into their communities, organizational executives, business entrepreneurs, policy advocates, lawyers and any number of professional roles not afforded the strictly dedicated life of a clergyman.
4. The new friar communities have not taken vows of celibacy. An ecumenical community of families and singles serving among the poor will produce an entirely different environment than a community of gender exclusive individuals committed to living their entire lives in a state of celibacy.

* Barker, Ash. *Surrender All: A Call to Sub-merge with Christ.* Springvale, Australia: UNOH Publications, 2005.
* Bessenecker, Scott. *The New Friars: The Emerging Movement Serving the World's Poor.* Downer's Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2006.
* Greenfield, Craig. *The Urban Halo.* Carlisle, UK: Authentic Media, 2007.
* Grigg, Viv “Servant Movements: Protestant Missionary Orders with Vows of Non-Destitute Poverty” Auckland, New Zealand: Urban Leadership Foundation, 1985.
* Grigg, Viv. *Companion to the Poor: Christ in the Urban Slums.* Waynesboro, GA: Authentic Media, 2005.
* Hayes, John B. *Submerge: Living Deep in a Shallow World: Service, Justice and Contemplation among the World's Poor.* Ventura, California: Regal Books, 2006.
* Heuertz, Christopher L. *Simple Spirituality: Learning to See God in a Broken World.* Downer's Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press, 2008.


title: Nova Olinda, São Tomé and Príncipe

abstract: Nova Olinda is a village in the eastern part of São Tomé Island in São Tomé and Príncipe. Its population is 107. It lies 2 km southwest of Santana.

text:
# Nova Olinda, São Tomé and Príncipe

**Nova Olinda** is a village in the eastern part of São Tomé Island in São Tomé and Príncipe. Its population is 107 (2012 census). It lies 2 km southwest of Santana.

## InfoBox

| Nova Olinda | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Nova OlindaLocation on São Tomé Island | |
| Coordinates: 0°14′30″N 6°44′0″E / 0.24167°N 6.73333°E / 0.24167; 6.73333 | |
| Country | São Tomé and Príncipe |
| Island | São Tomé |
| District | Cantagalo |
| Population (2012) | |
| Total | 107 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |


title: Marlene Dietrich filmography

abstract: Marlene Dietrich was a German and American actress and singer. In the 1920s, she acted on the Berlin stage and in silent films, making her film debut in 1922. She was propelled to international fame by director Josef von Sternberg, who cast her as Lola-Lola in The Blue Angel (1930). The film's commercial success brought her a contract with Paramount Pictures in the United States. Paramount sought to market Dietrich as a German answer to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's Swedish actress Greta Garbo. Her first American film, Morocco (1930), directed by Sternberg, earned Dietrich her only Academy Award nomination. She would appear in several other films directed by Sternberg, including Dishonored (1931), Blonde Venus (1932) and Shanghai Express (1932). Dietrich and Sternberg's last two film collaborations, The Scarlet Empress (1934) and The Devil Is a Woman (1935)—the most styled of their collaborations—were their least successful at the box office. Her first sound film without Sternberg was 1933's The Song of Songs, directed by Rouben Mamoulian, although she and Sternberg would later work together another two times. Without Sternberg, Dietrich—along with Joan Crawford, Mae West, Greta Garbo, Katharine Hepburn and others—was labeled "box office poison" after the film Knight Without Armour (1937) proved a box office failure. In 1939, however, her stardom was revived when she played a cowboy saloon girl in the Western comedy Destry Rides Again opposite James Stewart, singing "See What the Boys in the Back Room Will Have". While Dietrich arguably never fully regained her former screen glory, she continued performing in films, including appearances for such distinguished directors as Billy Wilder, Alfred Hitchcock and Orson Welles, in successful films that included A Foreign Affair (1948), Stage Fright (1950), Witness for the Prosecution (1957), Touch of Evil (1958) and Judgment at Nuremberg (1961). Her final film appearance was as herself in the 1984 documentary Marlene. In 1999, the American Film Institute named Dietrich as the ninth-greatest female star of classic Hollywood cinema.

text:
# Marlene Dietrich filmography

Marlene Dietrich (27 December 1901 – 6 May 1992) was a German and American actress and singer.

In the 1920s, she acted on the Berlin stage and in silent films, making her film debut in 1922. She was propelled to international fame by director Josef von Sternberg, who cast her as Lola-Lola in *The Blue Angel* (1930). The film's commercial success brought her a contract with Paramount Pictures in the United States.

Paramount sought to market Dietrich as a German answer to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's Swedish actress Greta Garbo. Her first American film, *Morocco* (1930), directed by Sternberg, earned Dietrich her only Academy Award nomination. She would appear in several other films directed by Sternberg, including *Dishonored* (1931), *Blonde Venus* (1932) and *Shanghai Express* (1932).

Dietrich and Sternberg's last two film collaborations, *The Scarlet Empress* (1934) and *The Devil Is a Woman* (1935)—the most styled of their collaborations—were their least successful at the box office. Her first sound film without Sternberg was 1933's *The Song of Songs*, directed by Rouben Mamoulian, although she and Sternberg would later work together another two times.

Without Sternberg, Dietrich—along with Joan Crawford, Mae West, Greta Garbo, Katharine Hepburn and others—was labeled "box office poison" after the film *Knight Without Armour* (1937) proved a box office failure. In 1939, however, her stardom was revived when she played a cowboy saloon girl in the Western comedy *Destry Rides Again* opposite James Stewart, singing "See What the Boys in the Back Room Will Have".

While Dietrich arguably never fully regained her former screen glory, she continued performing in films, including appearances for such distinguished directors as Billy Wilder, Alfred Hitchcock and Orson Welles, in successful films that included *A Foreign Affair* (1948), *Stage Fright* (1950), *Witness for the Prosecution* (1957), *Touch of Evil* (1958) and *Judgment at Nuremberg* (1961). Her final film appearance was as herself in the 1984 documentary *Marlene*.

In 1999, the American Film Institute named Dietrich as the ninth-greatest female star of classic Hollywood cinema.

## Film

### Silent feature films

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1919 | *Im Schatten des Glücks* | Unknown | Unconfirmed role |
| 1923 | *The Little Napoleon* | Kathrin |  |
| 1923 | *Tragedy of Love* | Lucy |  |
| 1923 | *Man by the Wayside* | Kramerstochter |  |
| 1924 | *The Monk from Santarem* | Unknown |  |
| 1924 | *Leap Into Life* | Mädchen am Strand |  |
| 1925 | *Dancing Mad* | Dance extra |  |
| 1926 | *Manon Lescaut* | Micheline |  |
| 1926 | *Madame Wants No Children* | Dancer | Uncredited |
| 1927 | *A Modern Dubarry* | Kokotte |  |
| 1927 | *The Imaginary Baron* | Sophie |  |
| 1927 | *Heads Up, Charley* | Edmee Marchand |  |
| 1927 | *His Greatest Bluff* | Yvette |  |
| 1927 | *Café Elektric* | Erni |  |
| 1928 | *Princess Olala* | Chichotte de Gastone |  |
| 1929 | *Dangers of the Engagement Period* | Evelyne |  |
| 1929 | *I Kiss Your Hand, Madame* | Laurence Gerard (Lucille in the US) |  |
| 1929 | *The Woman One Longs For* | Stascha |  |
| 1929 | *The Ship of Lost Souls* | Ethel Marley |  |

### Sound feature films

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1930 | *The Blue Angel* | Lola-Lola | Separate German and English versions were shot simultaneously. |
| 1930 | *Morocco* | Mademoiselle Amy Jolly |  |
| 1931 | *Dishonored* | Marie Kolverer |  |
| 1932 | *Shanghai Express* | Shanghai Lily |  |
| 1932 | *Blonde Venus* | Helen Faraday |  |
| 1933 | *The Song of Songs* | Lily Czepanek |  |
| 1934 | *The Scarlet Empress* | Princess Sophia Frederica / Catherine II |  |
| 1935 | *The Devil Is a Woman* | Concha Perez |  |
| 1936 | *I Loved a Soldier* | Anna Sedlak | Unfinished film |
| 1936 | *Desire* | Madeleine de Aupre |  |
| 1936 | *The Garden of Allah* | Domini Enfilden | Her first Technicolor film |
| 1937 | *Knight Without Armour* | Countess Alexandra Vladinoff |  |
| 1937 | *Angel* | Maria Berker |  |
| 1939 | *Destry Rides Again* | Frenchy |  |
| 1940 | *Seven Sinners* | Bijou Blanche |  |
| 1941 | *The Flame of New Orleans* | Countess Claire Ledoux |  |
| 1941 | *Manpower* | Fay Duvall |  |
| 1942 | *The Lady Is Willing* | Elizabeth Madden |  |
| 1942 | *The Spoilers* | Cherry Malotte |  |
| 1942 | *Pittsburgh* | Josey "Hunky" Winters |  |
| 1944 | *Kismet* | Jamilla |  |
| 1944 | *Follow the Boys* | Herself |  |
| 1946 | *Martin Roumagnac* | Blanche Ferrand |  |
| 1947 | *Golden Earrings* | Lydia |  |
| 1948 | *A Foreign Affair* | Erika von Schlütow |  |
| 1949 | *Jigsaw* | Herself | Uncredited cameo |
| 1950 | *Stage Fright* | Charlotte Inwood |  |
| 1951 | *No Highway in the Sky* | Monica Teasdale |  |
| 1952 | *Rancho Notorious* | Altar Keane |  |
| 1956 | *Around the World in 80 Days* | Saloon hostess | Cameo |
| 1956 | *The Monte Carlo Story* | Maria de Creveçoeur |  |
| 1957 | *Witness for the Prosecution* | Christine Vole (Helm) / Cockney woman |  |
| 1958 | *Touch of Evil* | Tanya |  |
| 1961 | *Judgment at Nuremberg* | Frau Bertholt |  |
| 1962 | *Black Fox: The Rise and Fall of Adolf Hitler* | Narrator | Voice |
| 1964 | *Paris When It Sizzles* | Herself | Uncredited cameo |
| 1978 | *Just a Gigolo* | Baroness von Semering |  |
| 1984 | *Marlene* | Herself | Voice |

### Short films

| Year | Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1928 | *Die gluckliche Mutter* | Dietrich biographer Steven Bach notes that the release of this film has not been verified. |
| 1935 | *The Fashion Side of Hollywood* | Promotional short film publicizing costumes designed by Travis Banton. |
| 1937 | *Screen Snapshots Series 16, No. 7* |  |
| 1943 | *Show Business at War* |  |
| 1944 | *Memo for Joe* |  |

## Television

Complete list of television appearances (excluding news footage):

## Awards and nominations

| Year | Award | Category | Work | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1932 | Academy Awards | Best Actress | *Morocco* | Nominated |
| 1958 | Golden Globe Awards | Best Actress – Drama | *Witness for the Prosecution* | Nominated |
| 1958 | Laurel Awards | Top Female Dramatic Performance | *Witness for the Prosecution* | 2nd Place |
| 1960 | Star on the Walk of Fame | Motion Picture |  | Won |
| 1962 | David di Donatello Awards | Special David | *Judgment at Nuremberg* | Won |
| 1980 | German Film Awards | Honorary Award |  | Won |
| 2003 | Online Film & Television Association | OFTA Film Hall of Fame |  | Won |


title: Miguel Carrasco

abstract: Miguel Ángel Carrasco Reyes is a Honduran footballer currently playing as a midfielder for Real España.

text:
# Miguel Carrasco

**Miguel Ángel Carrasco Reyes** (born 10 June 2003) is a Honduran footballer currently playing as a midfielder for Real España.

## Career statistics

### Club

*As of 14 June 2020.*

| Club | Season | League | | | Cup | | Continental | | Other | | Total | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Division | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals | Apps | Goals |
| Real España | 2019–20 | Liga Salva-Vida | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |  | | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |
| Career total | | | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 |

Notes   1. Miguel Carrasco at Soccerway. Retrieved 13 May 2022.

## InfoBox

Miguel Carrasco
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Miguel Ángel Carrasco Reyes | | |
| Date of birth | (2003-06-10) 10 June 2003 | | |
| Place of birth | Puerto Cortés, honduras | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Real España | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2020– | Real España | 28 | (2) |
| International career | | | |
| 2019 | Honduras U17 | 3 | (1) |
| 2022 | Honduras U20 | 4 | (1) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 17:14, 14 June 2020 (UTC)<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 05:05, 27 June 2022 (UTC) | | | |


title: 1915 Connecticut Aggies football team

abstract: The 1915 Connecticut Aggies football team represented Connecticut Agricultural College, now the University of Connecticut, in the 1915 college football season. The Aggies were led by first-year head coach John F. Donahue, and completed the season with a record of 1–7.

text:
# 1915 Connecticut Aggies football team

The **1915 Connecticut Aggies football team** represented Connecticut Agricultural College, now the University of Connecticut, in the 1915 college football season. The Aggies were led by first-year head coach John F. Donahue, and completed the season with a record of 1–7.

## Schedule

| Date | Opponent | Site | Result | Source |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| September 25 | at Worcester Tech* | Worcester, MA | L 0–7 |  |
| October 2 | at Stevens* | Hoboken, NJ | L 3–14 |  |
| October 9 | at New Hampshire | Durham, NH | L 0–18 |  |
| October 16 | at Fordham* |  | L 0–35 |  |
| October 23 | Rhode Island State |  | L 7–9 |  |
| October 30 | Springfield YMCA* | * Athletic Fields * Storrs, CT | W 18–0 |  |
| November 6 | at Columbia* |  | L 6–17 |  |
| November 13 | Boston College* | * Athletic Fields * Storrs, CT | L 6–7 |  |
| * \*Non-conference game | | | | |

## InfoBox

| 1915 Connecticut Aggies football | |
| --- | --- |
| Conference | Athletic League of New England State Colleges |
| Record | 1–7 (0–2 New England) |
| Head coach |  |
| Home stadium | Athletic Fields |
|


title: Xamtanga language

abstract: Xamtanga is a Central Cushitic language spoken in Ethiopia by the Xamir people.

text:
# Xamtanga language

**Xamtanga** (also Agawinya, Khamtanga, Simt'anga, Xamir, Xamta) is a Central Cushitic language spoken in Ethiopia by the Xamir people.

## Phonology

### Vowels

|  | Front | Central | Back |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| High |  |  |  |
| Mid vowel |  | | |
| Low vowel |  | | |

The central vowels  ə a/ have fronted and backed allophones, depending on the adjacent consonant(s).

### Consonants

|  | | Labial | Coronal | Palatal | Velar | | Uvular | | Glottal |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | plain | | | | labialized | plain | labialized ||
| Nasal | |  |  |  |  | ŋʷ |  |  |  |
| Plosive/
Affricate | voiceless |  |  | t͡ʃ |  |  |  |  |  |
| | voiced |  |  | d͡ʒ |  | ɡʷ |  |  |  |
| | ejective |  |  | t͡ʃʼ |  | kʷʼ |  |  |  |
| Fricative | voiceless |  |  |  |  |  |  | χʷ | * |
| | voiced |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| | ejective |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Lateral | |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Tap | |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Semivowel | |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

### Phonological processes

#### Gemination

In positions other than word-initial, Xamtanga contrasts geminate and non-geminate consonants. With most consonants, the difference between a geminate and a non-geminate is simply one of length, but the cases of /b t q/ are more complex. When not word-initial, non-geminate /b/ is realized as a bilabial \[\] or labiodental fricative \[\], and /t/ and /q/ are realized as affricates: \[tθ qχ\]. Their geminate equivalents may be realized as prolonged \[bː  qː\], or can simply be short \[b t q\].

In word-initial position, geminate consonants do not occur, and /b t q/ are realized as plosives.

## Bibliography

* Appleyard, D. L. (1987). "A Grammatical Sketch of Khamtanga—I". *Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London*. **50** (2): 241–266. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00049028. S2CID 123007452.
* Appleyard, D. L. (1987). "A Grammatical Sketch of Khamtanga—II". *Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London*. **50** (3): 470–507. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00039471. S2CID 246637332.
* Appleyard, David L. (1988). "A Definite Article in Xamtanga". *African Languages and Cultures*. **1** (1): 15–24. doi:10.1080/09544168808717677.
* Appleyard, David L. (2006). *A Comparative Dictionary of the Agaw Languages*. Kuschitische Sprachstudien – Cushitic Language Studies. Vol. 24. Köln: Rüdiger Köppe Verlag. ISBN 978-3-89645-481-2.
* Darmon, Chloé (2010). "L'agäw xamtanga: une langue couchitique en contact avec l'amharique". *Pount. Cahiers d'études: Corne de l'Afrique - Arabie du Sud*. **4**: 169–195.

## InfoBox

| Xamtanga | |
| --- | --- |
| ኽምጣጘ (*X’imt’a-nga*) | |
| Pronunciation | \[ˈχamtaŋa\] |
| Native to | Ethiopia |
| Region | North Amhara Region |
| Ethnicity | Xamirs |
| speakers | L1: 210,000 (2010)
L2: 11,000 |
| Language family | Afro-Asiatic |
| Writing system | Ge'ez script |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | `xan` |
| *Glottolog* | `xamt1239` |
|


title: List of people from Baku

text:
# List of people from Baku

## List

### Music

* Aghabaji Rzayeva \- first female composer of Azerbaijan
* Firangiz Akhmedova — artist of the Opera (soprano), People's Artist of USSR (1967)
* Larisa Dolina — Soviet and Russian pop singer, jazz singer, actress, Honored Artist of Russia (1993), People's Artist of Russia (1998)
* Mstislav Rostropovich — Soviet and Russian cellist and conductor, People's Artist of USSR (1966)
* Murad Kazhlaev — Dagestani composer and conductor, Honoured Art Worker of RSFSR (1960), People's Artist of USSR (1991)
* Muslim Magomayev — Soviet, Azerbaijani and Russian opera and pop singer (baritone), composer, People's Artist of USSR (1973)
* Polad Bulbuloglu — Soviet and Azerbaijani singer, songwriter and actor. Honored Art Worker of Azerbaijan SSR (1973), People's Artist of Azerbaijan SSR (1982), Minister of Culture of Azerbaijan SSR (1988–1991) and Republic of Azerbaijan (1991–2006), Ambassador of the Azerbaijan to the Russian Federation (since 2006)
* Rauf Hajiyev — composer, People's Artist of Azerbaijan SSR (1964), People's Artist of USSR (1978), Minister of Culture of Azerbaijan SSR (1965–1971)
* Vagif Mustafa Zadeh — jazz pianist and composer, founder of Azerbaijani jazz, the creator of a new direction in jazz — Azeri jazz — «jazz Mugam»/
* Veronika Dudarova — Soviet and later Russian symphony conductor, People's Artist of USSR (1977)
* Leman Atakishiyeva \- conductor, choirmaster and professor

### Painters and architects

### Writers and poets

### Actors and directors

### Politicians

* Tamila Ahmadov \- international energy policymaker
* Ayaz Mutalibov — First Secretary of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan SSR (1990), the first president of Azerbaijan (1990–1992)
* Boris Vannikov — People's Commissar of arms (1939–1941) and ammunition of the USSR (1942–1946), Minister of Agricultural Engineering of the USSR (1946), thrice Hero of Socialist Labor
* Enver Alihanov — Minister of Oil Industry of Azerbaijan SSR (1958–1959), Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Azerbaijan SSR (1961–1970)
* Georgy Poltavchenko — governor of Saint Petersburg (2011–)
* Ilham Aliyev — prime minister of Azerbaijan (2003), president of Azerbaijan (2003–)
* Isa Gambar — Chairman of the Milli Majlis of Azerbaijan (1992–1993)
* Mir Teymur Yaqubov — Chairman of the Supreme Soviet of Azerbaijan SSR (1938–1941), People's Commissar of Internal Affairs of Azerbaijan SSR (1941–1943), First Secretary of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan SSR (1953–1954)
* Mirza Davud Huseynov — Chairman of the Presidium of the Communist Party of Azerbaijan SSR (1920), People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of Azerbaijan SSR (1921), First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Tajik SSR (1930–1933)
* Namiq Nasrullayev — Minister of Economy of Azerbaijan (1996–2001)
* Nazim Damirov — Minister of Finance of the Republic of Kalmykia (Russia) (1999)
* Pavel Romanenko — mayor of Ulyanovsk, Russia (2001–2004)
* Sabit Orujov — Minister of Gas Industry of the USSR (1972–1981)
* Safar Abiyev — Defense Minister of Azerbaijan (since 2005)
* Suleiman Vazirov — Minister of Oil Industry of Azerbaijan SSR (1954–1959), Hero of Socialist Labor
* Victor Akishkin — Minister of Health of the Astrakhan Oblast of Russia
* Vladimir Dekanozov — People's Commissar of the food industry (1936–1938) and Minister of Interior of Georgian SSR (1953)
* Abdula Ismailov \- Georgian politician and member of Parliament (since 2020)

### Revolutionaries

* Matvey Skobelev — member of the Social-Democratic movement in Russia, the minister of labor in the Russian Provisional Government (1917)
* Meshadi Azizbekov — Azerbaijani revolutionary, one of the first Azeri-Marxists, Guberniya Commissioner and Deputy Commissioner for Internal Affairs of the Baku SNK (1918)

### Military

### Scientists

* Arif Aziz — literary critic, Honored Sciences Worker of Azerbaijan SSR (1960)
* Joseph Braginsky — Soviet orientalist and member of the Academy of Sciences of the Tajik SSR (1951), Honored Science Worker of the Tajik SSR
* Lev Landau — Soviet physicist who made fundamental contributions to many areas of theoretical physics, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics, Hero of Socialist Labor
* Lotfi A. Zadeh — mathematician, electrical engineer, computer scientist, founder of the theory of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic
* Mikhail Leitman – Soviet scientist and IT specialist, head of Department of Automation and Remote Control of the Smolensk branch of Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI) (1966), and author of over 200 scientific works.
* Valery Subbotin — Soviet and Russian scientist in the field of thermal physics, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR (1968)

### Media and business

* Aras Agalarov — the owner and president of "Crocus International" based in Moscow, Russia
* Gultakin Asgarova — journalist, National Hero of Azerbaijan
* Igor Ashurbeyli — general director of Russia's largest air-defence weapon manufacturers Almaz (developers of S-300 antimissile systems)
* Mikhail Gusman — TV presenter, First Deputy General Director of the Information Telegraph Agency of Russia (ITAR-TASS), Honored Worker of Culture of Russia (2001)
* Mubariz Mansimov — President of Palmali Group of Companies based in Istanbul, Turkey
* Salatyn Asgarova — journalist, National Hero of Azerbaijan
* Telman Ismailov — Russian entrepreneur and businessman, chairman of the Russian AST Group of companies
* Vitaly Vulf — Russian art, drama, film critic, literary critic, translator, TV and radio broadcaster and critic

## Art and music

## Business

## Literature

## Politics

## Science

## Sport

### Football

### Chess

### Wrestling

## Other