abstract: The Newton Railroad Stations Historic District in Newton, Massachusetts is composed of three geographically separate historic railroad stations and one baggage/express building on the former Boston and Albany Railroad Highland branch, which was converted to MBTA Green Line D branch in 1959. The four buildings in Newton are the only extant stations of thirteen designed by H.H. Richardson and his successors Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge in Allston/Brighton, Newton, and Brookline for the Boston and Albany's Newton Circuit between 1881 and 1894. Most originally had their grounds designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, but none of the landscaping has survived. On March 25, 1976, the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Woodland, Newton Highlands, and Newton Centre Railroad Stations, and Baggage and Express Building.

text:
# Newton Railroad Stations Historic District

The **Newton Railroad Stations Historic District** in Newton, Massachusetts is composed of three geographically separate historic railroad stations and one baggage/express building on the former Boston and Albany Railroad Highland branch, which was converted to MBTA Green Line D branch in 1959.

The four buildings in Newton are the only extant stations of thirteen designed by H.H. Richardson and his successors Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge in Allston/Brighton, Newton, and Brookline for the Boston and Albany's Newton Circuit between 1881 and 1894. Most originally had their grounds designed by landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, but none of the landscaping has survived.

On March 25, 1976, the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places as the **Woodland, Newton Highlands, and Newton Centre Railroad Stations, and Baggage and Express Building**.

## Structures

The District consists of four structures:

* **Woodland Railroad Station**: Designed by Richardson (likely with significant input from Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge); constructed in 1886. Now used for storage for an adjacent golf course; the modern station is some distance away.
* **Newton Highlands Railroad Station**: Designed by Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge; constructed in 1887. Now houses a private business, with eaves providing shelter for the modern station.
* **Newton Centre Railroad Station**: Designed by Shepley, Rutan, and Coolidge; constructed in 1891. Now houses a restaurant, with eaves and canopy providing shelter for the modern station.
* **Baggage and Express Building**: constructed next to Newton Centre Railroad Station in 1891. Part of the structure has been demolished; the remaining portion has been integrated into a private business building.

Media related to Newton Railroad Stations Historic District at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Newton Railroad Stations Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| Newton Highlands station in 2011 | |
| Location | Newton, Massachusetts |
| Built | 1886–1891 |
| Architect | Henry Hobson Richardson; Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge |
| Architectural style | Richardsonian Romanesque |
| NRHP reference No. | 76002137 |
| Added to NRHP | March 25, 1976 |


title: Miloš Deyl

abstract: RNDr. Miloš Deyl, DrSc. was a Czechoslovak botanist. For the general public, his most famous publication is Naše květiny. This systematical plant atlas, illustrated by Květoslav Hísek introduces over 700 most important species of Czech Republic. Since the first release in 1973, it has been re-published 3 times, in 2001 for the last time.

text:
# Miloš Deyl

RNDr. **Miloš Deyl**, DrSc. (19 June 1906 in Smidary – 21 February 1985 in Prague) was a Czechoslovak botanist. For the general public, his most famous publication is *Naše květiny (Our Plants)*. This systematical plant atlas, illustrated by Květoslav Hísek introduces over 700 most important species of Czech Republic. Since the first release in 1973, it has been re-published 3 times, in 2001 for the last time.

## Life

He was born as a middle son in the family of a school director in Smidary. Between 1925 and 1929 he studied at the Faculty of Science on Charles University in Prague. In 1931, he defended a doctoral thesis with the topic *Příspěvek k poznání stavů koncentrace vodíkových iontů k asociacím rostlinným* there. In 1933 he was nominated as a science specialist in National Museum in Prague. in 1946, he was appointed as a national museal board member. He worked in the botany department of National Museum in Průhonice till 1976.

During the World War 2 occupation he was active in resistance group, where he encrypted radio transmissions.

In his marriage with Blažena (born Straširybková), a daughter Blanka and a son Vladimír were born.

## Scientific work

Next to Floristics he focused on Taxonomy of plants. In 1946 he published a monography *Study of the genus Sesleria*. Among botanists, he is considered to be a founder of Czech Ecology, thanks to a large *Synecological study from Carpathian Ukraina*. This comprehensive volume of *Plants, soil and climate of Pop Ivan* has been published in 1940 and serves until today as a unique comparison base for current research initiatives ("Deyl Alpine research station in Maramures Mountains"). Other important publication is "Plevele polí a zahrad", illustrated by Otto Ušák, published in 1956. He also co-authored *Historický vývoj organismů* by Vladimír Novák.

Every year, he travelled across Czechoslovakia and Ukraine to study local plants and environment. On his expeditions, he also joined F. A. Novák (to Montenegro and Serbia), Pavel Sillinger (to Herzegovina and Montenegro), Ivan Klášterský (to Bulgaria), Albert Pilát (to Serbian Macedonia and Switzerland to compare vegetation environment of Alps and Slovak Tatras \- "Alpinky", 1939), Karel Domin, Vladimír Krajina. He brought a large collection of herbaria samples from his European expeditions.

The standard author abbreviation Deyl is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

## InfoBox

| Miloš Deyl | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1906-06-19)June 19, 1906
Smidary |
| Died | February 21, 1985(1985-02-21) (aged 78)
Prague |
| Alma mater | Univerzita Karlova |


abstract: José de San Martín was an Argentine-born general who moved to Spain during his childhood. He served in the Spanish army from 1789 to 1811. During that time he fought among Spanish forces under siege by Moors, in a naval battle against the British navy and in the Peninsular War. In 1795 he was promoted to second lieutenant and during the Peninsular War he reached the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. However, San Martín ended up resigning his position and moved briefly to Britain, and then to Buenos Aires. In 1811, he participated in the Spanish American wars of independence.

text:
# Military career of José de San Martín in Spain

**José de San Martín** was an Argentine-born general who moved to Spain during his childhood. He served in the Spanish army from 1789 to 1811. During that time he fought among Spanish forces under siege by Moors, in a naval battle against the British navy and in the Peninsular War. In 1795 he was promoted to second lieutenant and during the Peninsular War he reached the rank of Lieutenant Colonel. However, San Martín ended up resigning his position and moved briefly to Britain, and then to Buenos Aires. In 1811, he participated in the Spanish American wars of independence.

## Early life

José de San Martín was born in Yapeyú, Corrientes, son of Juan de San Martín and Gregoria Matorras del Ser. The exact year of Martín's birth is unknown, and historians are divided between 1777 and 1778. An officer in the military, Juan de San Martín requested a new deployment, and in 1781, he moved his family from Yapeyu to Buenos Aires. In 1783, the family moved to Madrid, where Juan made several requests for military promotion. In 1785, they moved to Málaga. Three years later, José de San Martín reached the age to join the army.

## First battles

José de San Martín joined Murcia's Infantry Regiment of Line on July 15, 1789. The minimum age to join the army was 16 years old, unless the person was the son of an official. In that case, the minimum age was 12 years old. In his incorporation, he declares being the son of an official, of a Christian family and twelve years old.

He was destined to Melilla, an African Spanish city, the following year. In June 1791, he was among the Spanish forces under siege by Moors in Orán. The siege lasted for 33 days, and he was promoted to grenadier. In June 1793, he was promoted to second sublieutenant, in July 1794 to first sublieutenant, and in May 1795 to second lieutenant. His father Juan died in 1796, and by that time he had his baptism of fire in a naval battle, against the British navy. He joined the staff of the *Santa Dorotea* in 1798, disembarking at Toulon. He learned a bit of the French language, and became aware of the French Revolution. Oral tradition says that Napoleón Bonaparte passed review of the Spanish troops, and when he passed near San Martín, he saw his jacket and read "Murcia!" aloud. The ship was captured by the British ship HMS *Lion*, and he was prisoner of the British for some time.

The following reports of San Martín are found months later, then fighting against Portugal. He was attacked by thieves on his way from Valladolid to Salamanca, receiving great injures in his chest and throat. He received medical aid in a nearby village.

## Peninsular war

The Spanish monarchy entered crisis during the Abdications of Bayonne, when the Mutiny of Aranjuez forced king Charles IV to abdicate and give the throne to his son, Ferdinand VII. Napoleon Bonaparte, whose troops were in Spain en route to Portugal, forced Ferdinand to abdicate as well, ending Bourbon rule and appointing his brother Joseph Bonaparte as monarch. This was the start of the Peninsular War, the Spanish resistance to the French invasion. Spain was already divided between the enlightenment and the absolutists, but the French invasion divided the ideas even more. The Enlightenment was based in the ideas of the French revolution, but it was the French themselves who were invading the country. The Spanish afrancesados supported the French invasion as a way to remove the absolutist Spanish monarchy and replace it with a liberal monarchy, even if a foreign one. A higher portion of the enlightened Spanish rejected such a perspective, and opposed both the French invasion and an absolutist restoration. San Martín was part of this group.

By this time, San Martín was second to Francisco María Solano Ortiz de Rosas, governor of Andalucía and a close friend. Solano, influenced as well by the enlightenment ideas, had doubts about using his army to back the Dos de Mayo Uprising, even when requested by the Junta of Seville. Some historians consider him an afrancesado, others just hesitant. A popular uprising overran the barracks, killed him and dragged his corpse in the streets. San Martín was nearly killed as well during the uprising. He would keep an image of him for years, because of their friendship, although he fully supported the popular uprising. He would say years later that

> even the rocks have risen in Spain to reject the foreign invader*".*

After those events, San Martín became involved into the democratic revolution that moved across Europe. Cádiz was by then a very active city, with discussions about Jovellanos, Flórez Estrada, the French and British democratic advances, popular intervention in politics, the role of the Juntas and the military leaders. They initiated planned revolutionary steps within lodges, while the war against the French occupation continued. San Martín joined the army of Andalucía, and moved first to Sevilla and then to Jaén. In June 1808, he joined a force combining regiments and militias, organized by Juan de la Cruz Mourgeón, thus learning further ways to wage war beyond the classic military discipline. This would influence him in the future to have a good opinion of Güemes and Artigas. By this time, San Martín was becoming a renowned military leader. Spanish historian Barcia y Trelles considers that San Martín is a new man since May 1808, but this turning point of his life was overlooked by both the Argentine and Spanish historians. Argentine historians talk in little detail about San Martín's military career is Spain, because they were unrelated with the Argentine War of Independence, and the Spanish ones would not be much interested in him because he departed to America in the middle of the war.

San Martín took part in the combat of Arjonilla, being promoted to First Captain for his brave actions. In the battle, a French officer nearly killed him with his sword, but he was saved by Sargeant Juan de Dios, who died in the effort. The following July 19 he took part in the Battle of Bailén, where 14,000 Spanish defeated 10,000 French. San Martín was promoted to lieutenant colonel, and his prestige continued to rise. This victory gave new hopes to the Spanish front, forcing Joseph Bonaparte to leave Madrid and allowing later the liberation of Andalucía. However, San Martín was forced to take a license, because of a pulmonary affection.

He resumed service in Catalonia, under the command of the marquis of Coupigny. He helped Torres Vedras at Portugal, and returned to Cádiz. By this point, San Martín joined the Lodge of Rational Knights. However, Napoleón Bonaparte gave new strength to the French forces, leading them personally, and Joseph returned to Madrid. Despite the Spanish victory at the Battle of Albuera, where San Martín fought next to William Carr Beresford, France prevailed and conquered most of the Iberian Peninsula, with the exception of Cádiz. San Martín would leave the Peninsular War by this point, but the exact nature of his resignation is unknown because it was lost from the Spanish records, and San Martín himself did not keep a copy of it among his documents. He moved briefly to Britain, and then to Buenos Aires.

## Return to South America

The reasons that San Martín left Spain in 1811 to join the Spanish American wars of independence as a patriot remain contentious among historians. The action would seem contradictory and out of character, because if the patriots were waging an independentist and anti-Hispanic war, then that would turn him into a traitor or deserter. There are a variety of answers and explanations by different historians.

Bartolomé Mitre, one of the earliest historians of San Martín, wrote that "*the American criollo had paid with usury his debt to the mother country, joining her during her conflicting days, and could consequently separate himself from her without deserting during an hour of need, leaving her protected by the powerful aegis of Great Britain that guaranteed the definitive triumph under the command of the future victor of Waterloo. Then, he turned his eyes to South America, whose independence he had presaged \[...\] and decided to return to his distant nation, which he had always loved as a true mother, to offer her his sword and devote her his life*". Besides extrapolating future events (the defeat of Napoleon and the independence of South America), Mitre provided a long-standing explanation: San Martín returned because he missed South America, and the war of independence justified changing sides to support it. This perspective was held by mitrist historians, rosist revisionists and socialists. Those groups shared a common perspective about the revolutions and rebellions that took place in the Americas between 1809 and 1811: they considered that they were, from this early stage, separatist wars, intending to create new countries apart from Spain.

Later historians, such as Norberto Galasso, Oriol Anguerra or Rodolfo Terragno, consider this to be unlikely. San Martín was thirty-five years old by then, and left America when just seven years old. He was completely Spanish, and ideas such as "the call of the jungle" or the "telluric forces" have no room in modern psychology to explain a change like this. They consider instead, that the wars in the Americas were not initially separatist, but instead wars between supporters of absolutism and liberalism. This fight took place in both Spain and the Americas, and became independentist when Ferdinand VII returned to the throne and started the absolutist restoration. Under this logic, those historians consider that San Martín's move to the Americas to continue a fight about to be lost in Spain would make complete sense. Other historians like Tulio Halperín Donghi or Ricardo Levene hinted the similarities of both fights, but avoid giving clear or deep explanations in order to avoid a conflict with the Mitrist perspective. Most Spanish historians, with a deeper understanding of the conflicts of the Peninsular War, endorse this point of view. José de San Martín moved to Buenos Aires in the *George Canning* ship, with other American born generals like Carlos María de Alvear or José Matías Zapiola, but also with Spanish born generals like Francisco Chilavert and Eduardo Kailitz, for whom the "telluric forces" would bear absolutely no value.

There are writings of San Martín that may clarify those reasons, but whose terms allow either interpretation. José Pacífico Otero found a report of a speech of San Martín to his soldiers, where he said that "*I knew of the revolution in my country and, when I left my fortunes and my hopes, I only regretted not having anything else to sacrifice to the desire of contributing to the freedom of my country*". For the Mitrist perspective, "revolution" and "freedom" mean emancipation from Spain, for the later one, they mean the revolution against the absolutist status quo. Similarly, his resignation as head of the Army of the Andes says "*...I had the first news of the general movement at both Americas and that their original purpose was to emancipate themselves from the Peninsular Tyranic Government.* \[note: with capital letters in the original\] *From that moment on, I decided to employ my short services to either point that stand insurgent: I preferred to return to my native country where I had been employed at anything within my reach, my nation has rewarded my short services giving me plenty of honours that I do not deserve.* Here, San Martín does not talk about emancipation from Spain itself, but from its government, capitaling "tyranic". He also mentions that, even if preferred returning to his native country, he could have been destined to either South or Central America. An 1848 letter to the president of Perú Ramón Castilla says "*In a meeting of Americans in Cádiz, knowing about the first steps taken in Caracas, Buenos Aires, etc; we decided to return each one to our native countries, to offer them our services in the struggle that we calculated would be waged soon*". This quote is more strange, as it does not mention an ongoing conflict, but a conflict that would be waged soon (but not by then). Such a conflict may be a possible absolutist restoration, which took place when Ferdinand VII returned to the throne, but could also happen if the Regency Council prevailed over the Junta of Seville.

The similarity between San Martín's military campaign and the British Maitland Plan may suggest that San Martín was actually a British agent or spy. This perspective was first proposed by Ricardo Piccirilli in 1957, and supported by Carlos Steffens Soler or J.C.J. Metford. This perspective, however, fails to give an explanation for the hostility between San Martín and the anglophile Bernardino Rivadavia, or his support to Juan Manuel de Rosas during his conflicts with Britain. Patricia Pasquali pointed similar causes but arriving to a different conclusion: San Martín may have moved to South America in order to get higher military promotions, which would be more difficult to get at the Peninsular War. However, the author does not include the promotions (including promotions to national government) that were actually rejected by San Martín in her essay.

## Bibliography

* Galasso, Norberto (2009). *Seamos Libres y lo demás no importa nada*. Buenos Aires: Colihue. ISBN 978-950-581-779-5.


title: Newton Public School District

abstract: The Newton Public School District is a comprehensive community public school district serving students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Newton, in Sussex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The district's enrollment includes high school students from Andover Borough and Andover and Green townships, who attend the high school as part of sending/receiving relationships. As of the 2021–22 school year, the district, comprising three schools, had an enrollment of 1,586 students and 137.0 classroom teachers, for a student–teacher ratio of 11.6:1. The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "CD", the sixth-highest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J. Despite its District Factor Group, Newton has been considered the top school district in Sussex County, registering the highest test scores in the county.

text:
# Newton Public School District

The **Newton Public School District** is a comprehensive community public school district serving students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Newton, in Sussex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The district's enrollment includes high school students from Andover Borough and Andover and Green townships, who attend the high school as part of sending/receiving relationships.

As of the 2021–22 school year, the district, comprising three schools, had an enrollment of 1,586 students and 137.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.6:1.

The district is classified by the New Jersey Department of Education as being in District Factor Group "CD", the sixth-highest of eight groupings. District Factor Groups organize districts statewide to allow comparison by common socioeconomic characteristics of the local districts. From lowest socioeconomic status to highest, the categories are A, B, CD, DE, FG, GH, I and J. Despite its District Factor Group, Newton has been considered the top school district in Sussex County, registering the highest test scores in the county.

## Schools

Schools in the district (with 2021–22 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics) are:

Elementary school * Merriam Avenue School with 451 students in grades PreK-4
    + Kevin Stanton, principal

Middle school * Halsted Middle School with 331 students in grades 5–8
    + Samantha Castro, principal

High school

## Administration

Core members of the district's administration are:

* Joseph S. Piccirillo, superintendent
* James Sekelsky, business administrator and board secretary

## Board of education

The district's board of education, comprised of nine members, sets policy and oversees the fiscal and educational operation of the district through its administration. As a Type II school district, the board's trustees are elected directly by voters to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with three seats up for election each year held (since 2012) as part of the November general election. The board appoints a superintendent to oversee the district's day-to-day operations and a business administrator to supervise the business functions of the district. In addition to the nine elected members, the board includes one appointed representative from Andover Township and one from Green Township.

## InfoBox

| Newton Public School District | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
| 57 Trinity Street Newton, Sussex County, New Jersey, 07860
United States | |
| Coordinates | 41°03′26″N 74°44′56″W / 41.057229°N 74.748882°W / 41.057229; -74.748882 |
| District information | |
| Grades | PreK-12 |
| Superintendent | Joseph S. Piccirillo |
| Business administrator | James Sekelsky |
| Schools | 3 |
| Students and staff | |
| Enrollment | 1,586 (as of 2021–22) |
| Faculty | 137.0 FTEs |
| Student–teacher ratio | 11.6:1 |
| Other information | |
| District Factor Group | CD |
| Website | www.newtonnj.org |
| Ind. Per pupil District
spending Rank
(\*) K-12
average  %± vs.
average  **1A** **Total Spending** $18,922 31 $18,891 0.2%   **1** **Budgetary Cost** 15,168 35 14,783 2.6%   **2** **Classroom Instruction** 8,846 35 8,763 0.9%   **6** **Support Services** 2,028 25 2,392 −15.2%   **8** **Administrative Cost** 1,963 44 1,485 32.2%   **10** **Operations & Maintenance** 1,623 28 1,783 −9.0%   **13** **Extracurricular Activities** 672 46 268 150.7%   **16** **Median Teacher Salary** 64,651 35 64,043  Data from NJDoE 2014 Taxpayers' Guide to Education Spending.
\*Of K-12 districts with up to 1,800 students. Lowest spending=1; Highest=49 | |


title: Milton Levy

abstract: Milton Lambert "Irish" Levy was an American football guard for the Tulane Green Wave of Tulane University. He was twice selected All-Southern, and once selected second-team All-American by The New York Times. Levy was selected for the New York Sun's All-Time Tulane team and inducted into the Tulane Hall Of Fame in 1986.

text:
# Milton Levy

**Milton Lambert "Irish" Levy** (December 22, 1903  April 26, 1958) was an American football guard for the Tulane Green Wave of Tulane University. He was twice selected All-Southern, and once selected second-team All-American by *The New York Times*. Levy was selected for the *New York Sun*'s All-Time Tulane team and inducted into the Tulane Hall Of Fame ("the T Club") in 1986.

## Early years

Milton Lambert Levy was born on December 22, 1903, in New Orleans, Louisiana, to Lazare Levy and Isabelle G. Cain.

### Tulane University

Levy was a prominent guard for the Tulane Green Wave football team of Tulane University, and is considered one of the greatest ever to play for the school.

#### 1925

The 1925 team were undefeated and claimed a Southern Conference championship. Levy was never taken out of a game for an injury during his playing career. He was the only lineman lost for the 1926 season, but assisted his alma mater as a coach that year.

## InfoBox

Milton Levy
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Tulane Green Wave  No. 19 | |
| Position | Guard/Center |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1903-12-22)December 22, 1903
New Orleans, Louisiana |
| Died: | April 26, 1958(1958-04-26) (aged 54)
New Orleans, Louisiana |
| Career history | |
| College | Tulane (19231925) |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |


title: Mimolaia variicornis

abstract: Mimolaia variicornis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Belon in 1903. It is known from Bolivia.

text:
# Mimolaia variicornis

***Mimolaia variicornis*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Belon in 1903. It is known from Bolivia.

## InfoBox

| *Mimolaia variicornis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | ***Mimolaia*** |
| Species: | ***M. variicornis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mimolaia variicornis***<br>Belon, 1903 | |
|


title: Nicholas Wall (judge)

abstract: Sir Nicholas Peter Rathbone Wall, PC was an English judge who was President of the Family Division and Head of Family Justice for England and Wales.

text:
# Nicholas Wall (judge)

**Sir Nicholas Peter Rathbone Wall**, PC (14 March 1945 – 17 February 2017) was an English judge who was President of the Family Division and Head of Family Justice for England and Wales.

## Early life

Nicholas Wall was born in Clapham on 14 March 1945, the son of Frederick, a director of Stanley Gibbons, and Mimi (née Woods). He won a London County Council scholarship to Dulwich College, an independent day and boarding school for boys in Dulwich in South London, followed by an Exhibition to Trinity College, Cambridge, where he read English and then Law and was president of the Union.

Wall was called to the bar (Gray's Inn) in 1969 and was made a Bencher in 1993. He became a Queen's Counsel and was appointed an Assistant Recorder in 1988. He became a Recorder in 1990. He was appointed to the Family Division of the High Court on 20 April 1993, receiving the customary knighthood. Wall was a Judge of the Employment Appeal Tribunal (2001–2003) and the Administrative Court (2003–2004). He was promoted to the Court of Appeal on 12 January 2004 and consequently made a Privy Counsellor.

Wall was nominated to be President of the Family Division by the appointments panel, but the Lord Chancellor, Jack Straw, asked them to reconsider. The panel once again put Wall forward, and he was subsequently appointed to the position on 13 April 2010. Wall retired on 1 December 2012 for health reasons.

According to Straw, he "simply judged that he would not be competent to do the job", based on his own experience with him.

## Death

Wall died on 17 February 2017. His family stated that he had recently been diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia, and had taken his own life.

## InfoBox

| The Right HonourableSir Nicholas Wall | |
| --- | --- |
| Wall in 2012 | |
|  | |
| President of the Family Division | |
| **In office**
13 April 2010  1 December 2012 | |
| Nominated by | Gordon Brown |
| Appointed by | Elizabeth II |
| Preceded by | Sir Mark Potter |
| Succeeded by | Sir James Munby |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Nicholas Peter Rathbone Wall
(1945-03-14)14 March 1945 |
| Died | 17 February 2017(2017-02-17) (aged 71) |
| Nationality | English |
| Alma mater | Trinity College, Cambridge |
|  | |


title: Nicholas Wall (politician)

abstract: Nicholas Wall was an Irish politician and farmer. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1923 general election as a Farmers' Party Teachta Dála (TD) for the Waterford constituency. He lost his seat at the June 1927 general election and was also an unsuccessful candidate at the September 1927 general election. He was elected as a National Centre Party TD at the 1933 general election. He became a Fine Gael TD on 8 September 1933 when Cumann na nGaedheal and the National Centre Party, along with the Army Comrades Association merged to form the new party of Fine Gael. He was elected as a Fine Gael TD at the 1937 general election but lost his seat at the 1938 general election.

text:
# Nicholas Wall (politician)

**Nicholas Wall** (6 August 1884 – 3 December 1939) was an Irish politician and farmer. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann at the 1923 general election as a Farmers' Party Teachta Dála (TD) for the Waterford constituency. He lost his seat at the June 1927 general election and was also an unsuccessful candidate at the September 1927 general election. He was elected as a National Centre Party TD at the 1933 general election.

He became a Fine Gael TD on 8 September 1933 when Cumann na nGaedheal and the National Centre Party, along with the Army Comrades Association merged to form the new party of Fine Gael. He was elected as a Fine Gael TD at the 1937 general election but lost his seat at the 1938 general election.

## InfoBox

| Nicholas Wall | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Teachta Dála | |
| **In office**
January 1933  July 1937 | |
| **In office**
August 1923  June 1927 | |
| Constituency | Waterford |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1884-08-06)6 August 1884
County Waterford, Ireland |
| Died | 3 December 1939(1939-12-03) (aged 55)
County Waterford, Ireland |
| Political party | Fine Gael |
| Other political
affiliations |  |
|  | |


title: Ming Tsao

abstract: Ming Tsao is a Chinese American composer based in Berlin, Germany.

text:
# Ming Tsao

**Ming Tsao** (Chinese: 曹明; pinyin: Cáo Míng) is a Chinese American composer based in Berlin, Germany.

## Biography

Born in Berkeley, California, Ming Tsao is the son of Jung Ying Tsao (曹仲英), who emigrated to California from Tianjin, China and was a collector and scholar of Chinese painting. His mother, Elna Hoeber, began Ming Tsao's musical education at the age of five with the violin. Her father, Frank Hoeber, was a violinist who emigrated to Colorado from Vienna, Austria and played first violin in the Denver Symphony Orchestra. As a student, Ming Tsao traveled to Suzhou, China for a year to study the traditional zither (guqin: 古琴) with the renowned guqin performer Wu Zhaoji (吳兆基). He received graduate degrees in music composition, ethnomusicology, and mathematics.

Ming Tsao was Professor of Composition at Göteborg University, Sweden and Visiting Professor of Composition at the Hanover University of Music, Drama and Media in Germany and is currently the Birge–Cary Professor of Music at the University at Buffalo in New York. In 2021, he was awarded a Guggenheim for music composition. His music is published by Edition Peters and has been released on the Kairos and Mode CD labels.

## Style

Ming Tsao's musical style combines what he calls the "materiality" or sensuality arising from the inherent qualities of sound, with a formal, precise rigour in compositional style. His compositions have been described as "virtuosic" and the work of "a highly complex thinking" conveying a "multitude of fantastic orchestrational details", and a "genuinely dazzling range of invention."

His opera *Die Geisterinsel* ("The Ghost Island"), based on William Shakespeare's *The Tempest*, was premiered by the Stuttgart Opera House for a first run of performances and was subsequently given a second run of performances at the Gothenburg Opera House (under the Swedish title *Prosperos Trädgård* or "Prospero's Garden") with an additional second act titled *Mirandas Atemwende* ("Miranda's Breathturn"). The opera was reviewed by *Opernwelt* as "having broken the prejudice that New Music after Strauss has lost its capacity to be sensual." Other notable projects have included two works for large ensemble: *Refuse Collection*, an hommage to the oeuvre of French filmmakers Danièle Huillet and Jean-Marie Straub premiered at the Academy of Arts in Berlin; and *Plus Minus*, a full realisation of Karlheinz Stockhausen's open composition of the same name, reviewed as a "very powerful work that one experiences as if by Stockhausen himself," which was premiered at the Witten Days for New Chamber Music. In addition to his research on mathematical applications to music composition, his principal interest has been the relation between poetry and music composition. He has focused his musical works on the poetry of Paul Celan and J.H. Prynne.

## Notable works

### Musical Compositions

* *Triode Variations* (2019 – 20), large ensemble
* *Dritte Stimme zu Bachs zweistimmigen Inventionen* (2019), clavichord
* *Plus or Minus* (2017 – 18), two pianos and electronics
* *Refuse Collection* (2017), large ensemble
* *Das wassergewordene Kanonbuch* (2016 – 17), chamber choir
* *Mirandas Atemwende* (2014 – 15), chamber opera
* *Plus Minus* (2012 – 13), large ensemble
* *Serenade* (2012), large ensemble
* *Die Geisterinsel* (2010 – 11), chamber opera
* *(Un)cover* (2008), seven instruments
* *If ears were all that were needed…* (2007), solo guitar
* *Pathology of Syntax* (2006 – 07), string quartet
* *One–Way Street* (2006), six instruments
* *The Book of Virtual Transcriptions* (2004 – 05), seven instruments
* *Not Reconciled* (2002 – 03), five instruments
* *Canon* (2001), clarinet and cello

### Recordings

* *Ming Tsao: Triode Variations*, Kairos Music, 2022 (0015105KAI)
* *Ming Tsao: Plus Minus*, Kairos Music, 2017 (0015014KAI)
* *Ming Tsao: Die Geisterinsel*, Kairos Music, 2014 (0013372KAI)
* *Ming Tsao: Pathology of Syntax*, Mode Records, 2014 (mode 268)

### Prose

* Josel, Seth F. and Tsao, Ming. *Techniques of Guitar Playing*. Kassel: Bärenreiter, 2014. ISBN 9783761822432.

* Tsao, Ming. "Reverse Transkriptionen: Auf dem Weg zu einem materialistischen musikalischen Ausdruck," *MusikTexte* 175 (November 2022), 34–41 (in German).

* Tsao, Ming. "Helmut Lachenmann’s 'Sound Types'," *Perspectives of New Music*, Volume 52, Number 1 (Winter 2014): 217–238.
* Tsao, Ming. *Abstract Musical Intervals: Group Theory for Composition and Analysis*, Musurgia Universalis Press, Berkeley, CA., 2010. ISBN 978-1430308355.

## Bibliography

Bork, Camilla. "Diesseits und Jenseits der Gartens: zum Musiktheater Ming Tsaos," *Musik & Ästhetik* 22, 2/2018: 49 - 62 (in German).


title: Ngāti Kuia

abstract: Ngāti Kuia is a Māori iwi of the Northern South Island in New Zealand. They first settled in the Pelorus Sound / Te Hoiere, and later spread to the Marlborough Sounds, Nelson and Tasman districts to Taitapu on the West Coast, and as far south as the Nelson Lakes National Park. Ngāti Kuia tradition states that their founding tupuna Matua Hautere, a descendant of Kupe, came to Te Waipounamu in his waka Te Hoiere, guided by the kaitiaki Kaikaiawaro. Ngāti Kuia are the largest and oldest iwi of Te Tauihu o Te Waka a Māui in Te Waipounamu. Also known as The Top of the South Island of New Zealand. The founding tipuna is Matua Hautere, a descendant of Kupe, who came to Te Waipounamu in his waka Te Hoiere. According to Ngāti Kuia whakapapa, Matua Hautere was guided by the kaitiaki Kaikaiāwaro and Ruamano who took the form of dolphins. Hinepopo/Hinepoupou, a Ngāti Kuia tipuna credited as being the first woman to swim Raukawakawa, in her epic swim from Kāpiti Island to Rangitoto guided also by Kaikaiāwaro. Ngāti Kuia also descend from Awaawa Wetewete Tapiki who came on the Kurahaupō waka. Ngāti Kuia is an amalgamation of descendants from Matua Hautere and the Kurahaupō iwi of Ngāi Tara Pounamu, Ngāti Tūmatakōkiri, Ngāti Wairangi, Rangitāne, Ngāti Apa and Ngāti Māmoe. Ngāti Kuia are also linked to the oldest known habitation site in New Zealand located at the Wairau Bar. This area was first settled circa 1300 from people who were born and grew to adulthood in Eastern Polynesia then sailed to Aotearoa, lived and were buried at the site. Ngāti Kuia is named after their tipuna, Kuia who is a descendant of Matua Hautere. Kuia was born in Te Waipounamu which is significant for many reasons. Ngāti Kuia ancestors settled in a number of locations across Te Tauihu, including the Marlborough Sounds, Motuweka, Te Hora, Whakapuaka, Whakatū, Waimeha, Taitapu, and Lakes Rotoiti and Rotoroa. Early on, Ngāti Kuia ancestors moved with the seasons for trade, hunting and fishing, developing unique art and design from the resources and establishing names for the places they lived. Ngāti Kuia have a rich history of stories and customs that relate to the land, seas and waters in Te Tauihu. https://teara.govt.nz/en/artwork/31784/waka-on-the-pelorus-river Ngāti Kuia ancestors were renowned gardeners, fishermen and harvesters of tītī (muttonbirds). Known as an iwi karakia especially in relation to te taiao. Ngāti Kuia are synonymous with pakohe, a black or grey metasomatised argillite stone categorised into 2 types Uriuri(Dark stone) and Marutea(light mud shade stone) found along the Nelson Mineral Belt which became New Zealand’s first known traded commodity. Ngāti Kuia traded with other iwi as far away as Te Tai Tokerau(Northland), Murihiku(Southland) and Rēkohu in exchange for obsidian from the Central Plateau and other resources. First Encounters Ngāti Kuia ancestors including Kahura and Rōnaki met Captain Cook at Meretoto in Tōtaranui trading local resources such as timber and furs for seeds, textiles and livestock which were quickly adapted and then resupplied back to Cook's crew on later visits. https://natlib.govt.nz/records/22664325 Ngāti Kuia whānau supplied food and goods for the settlement of Nelson when it was being established and at the time of early land prospectors arriving, had the largest kūmara fields in the South Island on the Waimeha Plains. They encouraged settlement in Te Hoiere (Pelorus) in a Deed of Sale with the Crown in 1856, and left their pā at Motuweka so the town of Havelock could be built there. https://natlib.govt.nz/records/22578260 Ngāti Kuia Today As descendants of Matua Hautere, Ngāti Kuia has continued to survive through the ages and the turbulent times of natural and man-made disasters. This shows a huge amount of resilience, adaptability, strength and an ability to find harmony with others. The descendants of Matua Hautere continue to live in Te Tauihu today and around the world. In 2010, a Deed of Settlement was signed by the iwi of Te Tauihu which became law in 2014. This acknowledged and listed the wrongdoing by the Crown that meant a loss of language, land and cultural identity for iwi through unfair laws and legislations which meant that Ngāti Kuia ancestors had suffered immeasurably. As part of this deed of Settlement and compensation process, their negotiators acquired land and assets as well as cash. Some of the land acquired through cultural redress and settlement purchases were schools across the region that held cultural significance to the iwi. The affairs and assets of the iwi are managed by Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Kuia Trust. Ngāti Kuia are associated with Te Hora (Canvastown), Whakatū (Nelson) and Omaka (Blenheim) marae. Ngāti Kuia have keen interests in managing assets for future generations. Priority areas include Te Taiao, Ngāti Kuiatanga, Pūtea and Te Tangata. The values of manaakitanga, kotahitanga, whakatipuranga, whanaungatanga that Ngāti Kuia tīpuna lived by, are still important today.

text:
# Ngāti Kuia

**Ngāti Kuia** is a Māori iwi of the Northern South Island in New Zealand. They first settled in the Pelorus Sound / Te Hoiere, and later spread to the Marlborough Sounds, Nelson and Tasman districts to Taitapu on the West Coast, and as far south as the Nelson Lakes National Park. Ngāti Kuia tradition states that their founding tupuna Matua Hautere, a descendant of Kupe, came to Te Waipounamu in his waka Te Hoiere, guided by the kaitiaki (tribal guardian) Kaikaiawaro.

Ngāti Kuia are the largest and oldest iwi of Te Tauihu o Te Waka a Māui in Te Waipounamu (The Prow of the Canoe of Māui). Also known as The Top of the South Island of New Zealand.

The founding tipuna is Matua Hautere, a descendant of Kupe, who came to Te Waipounamu in his waka Te Hoiere.

According to Ngāti Kuia whakapapa, Matua Hautere was guided by the kaitiaki Kaikaiāwaro and Ruamano who took the form of dolphins.

Hinepopo/Hinepoupou, a Ngāti Kuia tipuna credited as being the first woman to swim Raukawakawa, in her epic swim from Kāpiti Island to Rangitoto guided also by Kaikaiāwaro.

Ngāti Kuia also descend from Awaawa Wetewete Tapiki who came on the Kurahaupō waka.

Ngāti Kuia is an amalgamation of descendants from Matua Hautere and the Kurahaupō iwi of Ngāi Tara Pounamu, Ngāti Tūmatakōkiri, Ngāti Wairangi, Rangitāne, Ngāti Apa and Ngāti Māmoe.

Ngāti Kuia are also linked to the oldest known habitation site in New Zealand located at the Wairau Bar. This area was first settled circa 1300 from people who were born and grew to adulthood in Eastern Polynesia then sailed to Aotearoa, lived and were buried at the site.

Ngāti Kuia is named after their tipuna, Kuia who is a descendant of Matua Hautere. Kuia was born in Te Waipounamu which is significant for many reasons.

Ngāti Kuia ancestors settled in a number of locations across Te Tauihu, including the Marlborough Sounds, Motuweka, Te Hora, Whakapuaka, Whakatū, Waimeha, Taitapu, and Lakes Rotoiti and Rotoroa.

Early on, Ngāti Kuia ancestors moved with the seasons for trade, hunting and fishing, developing unique art and design from the resources and establishing names for the places they lived.

Ngāti Kuia have a rich history of stories and customs that relate to the land, seas and waters in Te Tauihu.

https://teara.govt.nz/en/artwork/31784/waka-on-the-pelorus-river

Ngāti Kuia ancestors were renowned gardeners, fishermen and harvesters of tītī (muttonbirds).

Known as an iwi karakia especially in relation to te taiao (the environment). Ngāti Kuia are synonymous with pakohe, a black or grey metasomatised argillite stone categorised into 2 types Uriuri(Dark stone) and Marutea(light mud shade stone) found along the Nelson Mineral Belt which became New Zealand’s first known traded commodity. Ngāti Kuia traded with other iwi as far away as Te Tai Tokerau(Northland), Murihiku(Southland) and Rēkohu (the Chatham Islands) in exchange for obsidian from the Central Plateau and other resources.

First Encounters

Ngāti Kuia ancestors including Kahura and Rōnaki met Captain Cook at Meretoto in Tōtaranui (Queen Charlotte Sound) trading local resources such as timber and furs for seeds, textiles and livestock which were quickly adapted and then resupplied back to Cook's crew on later visits.

https://natlib.govt.nz/records/22664325

Ngāti Kuia whānau supplied food and goods for the settlement of Nelson when it was being established and at the time of early land prospectors arriving, had the largest kūmara fields in the South Island on the Waimeha Plains. They encouraged settlement in Te Hoiere (Pelorus) in a Deed of Sale with the Crown in 1856, and left their pā at Motuweka so the town of Havelock could be built there.

https://natlib.govt.nz/records/22578260

Ngāti Kuia Today

As descendants of Matua Hautere, Ngāti Kuia has continued to survive through the ages and the turbulent times of natural and man-made disasters. This shows a huge amount of resilience, adaptability, strength and an ability to find harmony with others. The descendants of Matua Hautere continue to live in Te Tauihu today and around the world.

In 2010, a Deed of Settlement was signed by the iwi of Te Tauihu which became law in 2014. This acknowledged and listed the wrongdoing by the Crown that meant a loss of language, land and cultural identity for iwi through unfair laws and legislations which meant that Ngāti Kuia ancestors had suffered immeasurably.

As part of this deed of Settlement and compensation process, their negotiators acquired land and assets as well as cash. Some of the land acquired through cultural redress and settlement purchases were schools across the region that held cultural significance to the iwi.

The affairs and assets of the iwi are managed by Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Kuia Trust. Ngāti Kuia are associated with Te Hora (Canvastown), Whakatū (Nelson) and Omaka (Blenheim) marae.

Ngāti Kuia have keen interests in managing assets for future generations.

Priority areas include Te Taiao, Ngāti Kuiatanga, Pūtea and Te Tangata. The values of manaakitanga, kotahitanga, whakatipuranga, whanaungatanga that Ngāti Kuia tīpuna lived by, are still important today.

## InfoBox

| Ngāti Kuia | |
| --- | --- |
| Iwi (tribe) in Māoridom | |
| Rohe (region) | Nelson |
| Waka (canoe) | Te Hoiere |


title: Morishita System

abstract: In shogi, the Morishita System is a strategy used by Black in Double Fortress openings. The strategy was invented by professional player Taku Morishita for which he won the prestigious Kōzō Masuda shogi award. Morishita himself has described it as a way of thinking rather than a specific strategy. Hitoshige Awaji and Teruichi Aono are well known for their efforts to systematize it.

text:
# Morishita System

**Fortress, Morishita System variation**☖ pieces in hand:

| 9 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 3 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 4 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8 |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 9 |

☗ pieces in hand:

In shogi, the **Morishita System** (森下システム *morishita shisutemu*) is a strategy used by Black in Double Fortress (Static Rook) openings. The strategy was invented by professional player Taku Morishita for which he won the prestigious Kōzō Masuda shogi award. Morishita himself has described it as a way of thinking rather than a specific strategy. Hitoshige Awaji and Teruichi Aono are well known for their efforts to systematize it.

## Overview

The accompanying diagram shows the basic position. The Morishita System delays moving the right attacking silver to 37 early. Instead, it simply moves the bishop to 68 allowing the king to move into the Fortress castle in subsequent moves. The position continues with Black's N-37, B-64, and P-26. While it is traditionally said in shogi that Fortress is a position in which "Black decides the position while White deals with it," in this strategy this is intentionally reversed. It can be said that the way of thinking is that with the P-26 push, the Nakahara style B-68 move is handed over.

Just like in the Katō subvariation of the S-37 variation, when the attitude is decided ahead of time, the main point of the Morishita system is for Black to wait to see the opponent's attitude before deciding on one. With the right silver on S-48 castling the king becomes the priority, and depending on White's strategy, typically S-57 and then S57-68 can be used, or alternatively the knight will be jumped to N-37 (this is also called Knight-37 strategy) and the rook moved to the third file, so that P-46 and then S-47 can be used. Finally, a S-37 strategy can also be developed from it.

For some time, the Morishita System become the dominant way to play Fortress. Compared with the earlier three strategies of R-29, Spearing the Sparrow, and Climbing Silver variation of Fortress, the "wait and see" attitude was compared with rock–paper–scissors.

### Decline

By castling faster than White, the defining feature of the Morishita System also becomes a weak point insofar as it enables a Spearing the Sparrow attack. Due to this weak point, the Morishita System all but disappeared.

### Gōda R-38 Strategy

Against this, Masataka Gōda's play consisting of moving the rook to R-38 without engaging in the G-67, P-74 exchange came to be called the Gōda variation. By postponing the king's move, this strategy provided capacity of resistance against Spearing the Sparrow. With the aim of exchanging pawns on the third file and so on, it was said that this strategy took over the main rationale behind the Morishita System and became a revival of its driving power. The basic idea of this strategy was to move on the third rather than on the second file by not pushing the rook pawn.

### The Revival of Morishita System

While Gōda's R-38 variation was being played, Kōichi Fukaura started research on the conventional Morishita System resulting in postponing the king's move to K-88 against Spearing the Sparrow, by moving the silver to S-46, and then P-55, Px55, Sx55, hence building the position from the fifth file, which was found effective and made the Morishita System become popular once again.

## Bibliography

* 勝又清和 (2003). *消えた戦法の謎* (文庫版 ed.). 毎日コミュニケーションズ. ISBN 4-8399-1091-X.
* 勝又清和 (September 2013). "突き抜ける！現代将棋 第48回 現代将棋と香車". *将棋世界*: 144.
* 深浦康市 (1999). *これが最前線だ!*. 河出書房新社.
* 森下卓 (1997). *将棋基本戦法 居飛車編*. 日本将棋連盟. ISBN 4-8197-0336-6.
* 森下卓 (1999). *現代矢倉の思想*. 河出書房新社. ISBN 4-309-72191-5.
* Kitao, Madoka (2011). *Joseki at a glance*. Translated by Kawasaki, Tomohide. Nekomado. ISBN 978-4-9052-2501-0.


title: Parchowski Bór

abstract: Parchowski Bór is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Parchowo, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Parchowo, 17 km (11 mi) north-east of Bytów, and 63 km (39 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk. For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

text:
# Parchowski Bór

**Parchowski Bór** (Polish pronunciation: \[parˈxɔfskʲi ˈbur\]) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Parchowo, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 4 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Parchowo, 17 km (11 mi) north-east of Bytów, and 63 km (39 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

## InfoBox

| Parchowski Bór | |
| --- | --- |
| Settlement | |
| Parchowski Bór | |
| Coordinates: 54°13′42″N 17°42′17″E / 54.22833°N 17.70472°E / 54.22833; 17.70472 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Pomeranian |
| County | Bytów |
| Gmina | Parchowo |
| Population | 1 |


title: French frigate Concorde (1791)

abstract: Concorde was a Nymphe-class 40-gun frigate of the French Navy. The Royal Navy captured her in August 1800.

text:
# French frigate Concorde (1791)

***Concorde*** was a *Nymphe*-class 40-gun frigate of the French Navy. The Royal Navy captured her in August 1800.

## Service history

On 27 May 1793, *Concorde* captured the 24-gun HMS *Hyaena*; she became the privateer *Hyene*, which the Royal Navy recaptured in 1797.

*Concorde* took part in the Expédition d'Irlande, and on 12 October 1798, in aftermath of the Battle of Tory Island.

*Concorde* was part of a squadron of three frigates, *Concorde* under Commodore Jean-François Landolphe, *Médée* under Captain Jean-Daniel Coudin, and *Franchise* under Captain Pierre Jurien, with Landolphe as the overall commander, that left Rochefort on 6 March 1799. Eluding the British blockade off Rochefort, the squadron sailed southwards until it reached the coast of West Africa. There, Landolphe's ships began an extended commerce raiding operation, inflicting severe damage on the West African trade. During this time, the squadron captured the Portuguese island of Prince (Príncipe). Eventually the strain of serving in tropical waters told on the ships and all three were forced to undergo an extensive refit in the nearest available allied shipyards, which were located in the Spanish-held River Plate in South America. At Montevideo the squadron assisted the French prisoners that had captured and taken into that port the convict transport *Lady Shore* which was carrying them to Australia.

Repairs continued for six months, until Landolphe considered the squadron once again ready to sail in the early summer of 1800. The squadron almost immediately captured off the coast of Brazil the American schooner *Espérance* (*Hope*), which they used as an aviso and sent to Cayenne with a prize crew under the command of *enseigne de vaisseau* Hamon. (At the time, France and the United States had been engaged for two years in the Quasi War.)

## Fate

The fourth rate HMS *Belliqueux*, captured *Concorde* off Rio de Janeiro at the action of 4 August 1800. The British sailed her to port in Britain but the Royal Navy did not take her into service.

## Citations

* Fonds Marine. Campagnes (opérations; divisions et stations navales; missions diverses). Inventaire de la sous-série Marine BB4. Tome premier: BB4 1 à 209 (1790-1804)
* Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). *Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 1 1671–1870*. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.
* Winfield, Rif; Roberts, Stephen S. (2015). *French warships in the age of sail, 1786-1861*. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-184832-204-2.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| France | |
| Name | *Concorde* |
| Namesake | Concord |
| Builder | Brest |
| Laid down | April 1790 |
| Launched | 25 October 1791 |
| In service | May 1793 |
| Captured | 4 August 1800 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | *Nymphe*-class frigate |
| Displacement | 750 tonnes |
| Length | 46.9 m (153 ft 10 in) |
| Beam | 11.9 m (39 ft 1 in) |
| Draught | 5.8 m (19 ft 0 in) |
| Sail plan | Full-rigged ship |
| Armament | 40 guns to 46 guns |


title: Philip Oliver Ellard Hawkes

abstract: Philip Oliver Ellard Hawkes was an architect who practiced in the Wide Bay area of Queensland, Australia, from 1910 to 1942. A number of his works are heritage-listed.

text:
# Philip Oliver Ellard Hawkes

**Philip Oliver Ellard Hawkes** was an architect who practiced in the Wide Bay area of Queensland, Australia, from 1910 to 1942. A number of his works are heritage-listed.

## Life and career

Hawkes was born in 1882 in New South Wales. Hawkes worked in Perth, Launceston and Melbourne. Moving to Queensland, he worked briefly for the Works Department in 1909 before setting up his own practice in Bundaberg and Maryborough in 1910. He designed a number of premises for the Queensland National Bank; most of these were simple timber buildings, although the Kingaroy branch was a two storey masonry building, also in a Classical Revival style. This also featured round headed arches as do the Carroll Cottage and Carrollee Hotel in Kingaroy, which were also designed by Hawkes.

## Notable works

## Further reading


title: French ship Rivoli (1810)

abstract:
Rivoli was a Téméraire-class ship of the line of the French Navy.
Rivoli was built in the Arsenal of Venice, whose harbour was too shallow for a 74-gun to exit. To allow her to depart, she was fitted with seacamels. On her maiden journey, under Jean-Baptiste Barré, the British 74-gun third-rate HMS Victorious intercepted her on 22 February 1812. Her crew was inexperienced, and in the ensuing Battle of Pirano, the British captured Rivoli after some 400 men of her crew of over 800 were killed or wounded. The Royal Navy subsequently recommissioned her as HMS Rivoli. On 30 May 1815, under Captain Edward Stirling Dickson, she captured the frigate Melpomène off Naples.
The ship was broken up in 1819.

text:
# French ship Rivoli (1810)

***Rivoli*** was a *Téméraire*-class ship of the line of the French Navy. *Rivoli* was built in the Arsenal of Venice, whose harbour was too shallow for a 74-gun to exit. To allow her to depart, she was fitted with seacamels.

On her maiden journey, under Jean-Baptiste Barré, the British 74-gun third-rate HMS *Victorious* intercepted her on 22 February 1812. Her crew was inexperienced, and in the ensuing Battle of Pirano, the British captured *Rivoli* after some 400 men of her crew of over 800 were killed or wounded.

The Royal Navy subsequently recommissioned her as HMS *Rivoli*. On 30 May 1815, under Captain Edward Stirling Dickson, she captured the frigate *Melpomène* off Naples. The ship was broken up in 1819.

## Citations

1. Troude 1867, p. 157
2. "No. 16600". *The London Gazette*. 5 May 1812. pp. 851–852.
3. Winfield & Roberts p.96

## InfoBox

| 140th scale model of *Rivoli* fitted with seacamels. | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| France | |
| Name | *Rivoli* |
| Namesake | Battle of Rivoli |
| Builder | Venice |
| Laid down | 1807 |
| Launched | 6 September 1810 |
| Captured | 22 February 1812 |
| United Kingdom | |
| Name | *Rivoli* |
| Acquired | Captured from the French on 22 February 1812 |
| Fate | Broken up 1819 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Seventy-four *Téméraire*-class ship of the line |
| Displacement | 1,630 tonnes |
| Length | 52 m (171 ft) |
| Beam | 14 m (46 ft) |
| Draught | 7 m (23 ft) |
| Complement | 3 officers + 690 men |
| Armament |  |


title: Philip Lacovara

abstract: Philip A. Lacovara is an American lawyer and legal scholar. He is best known as counsel to special prosecutor Archibald Cox during the Watergate Scandal.

text:
# Philip Lacovara

**Philip A. Lacovara** (born July 11, 1943) is an American lawyer and legal scholar. He is best known as counsel to special prosecutor Archibald Cox during the Watergate Scandal.

## Early life & education

Philip Allen Lacovara was born on July 11, 1943, in New York City. His father was a trusts and estates lawyer.

Lacovara earned a BA in Political Science and Philosophy from Georgetown University in 1963. He earned a JD from Columbia University School of Law in 1966, graduating first in his class at the age of 23. At Columbia, Lacovara worked as research assistant to Herbert Wechsler, then-director of the American Law Institute.

## Career

Moving to Washington D.C. after law school, Lacovara served as a clerk with Washington D.C. Circuit Court Judge Harold Leventhal. He then worked as special assistant to then-Solicitor General Thurgood Marshall and his successor, Erwin Griswold. In 1968, at 25, Lacovara argued several cases before the Supreme Court under Solicitor General Griswold.

in 1969, Lacovara entered private practice, joining New York City law firm Hughes, Hubbard, & Reed as an associate. He took a leave of absence in 1971 to work as Special Counsel to New York City Police Commissioner Patrick Vincent Murphy under Mayor John Lindsay.

In 1972, Lacovara returned to D.C. as Deputy Solicitor General of the United States under Solicitor General Griswold. He worked briefly under Solicitor General Robert Bork after Griswold's resignation in 1973.

## Watergate Special Prosecutor's Office

In Spring 1973, special prosecutor Archibald Cox appointed Lacovara as counsel to the special prosecutor in the Watergate special prosecutor's office.

That summer, Col. Alexander Butterfield testified that President Richard Nixon had secretly recorded his own conversations in the Oval Office and elsewhere. The Senate Watergate Committee and Prosecutor Cox issued subpoenas for the tapes, but President Nixon claimed the recordings were protected by executive privilege and refused to comply. Federal Judge John Sirica ordered President Nixon to turn over the tapes, which was upheld on appeal by the Circuit Court, but President Nixon continued to refuse, offering instead to provide written summaries of the subpoenaed tapes and allow Mississippi Senator John Stennis to hear the tapes and confirm the summaries' accuracy. Prosecutor Cox refused what became known as the Stennis compromise.

On Saturday October 20, 1973, in an event that became known as the Saturday Night Massacre, President Nixon ordered Attorney General Elliot Richardson to fire Cox, but Richardson instead resigned. Richardson's second-in-command, Deputy Attorney General William Ruckelshaus, received the same order, but he too tendered his resignation. Solicitor General Bork became Acting Attorney General, and complied with President Nixon's order to fire Cox. That same evening Lacovara, who briefly worked with Bork in the Solicitor General's Office, called Bork, who alerted Lacovara of Cox' dismissal, but said he had no orders to dismantle the special prosecutor's office or fire other prosecutors. Lacovara relayed this information to deputy prosecutor Henry Ruth and the rest of the staff, who agreed to retrieve their files and continue their work. FBI agents blocked their entry into the office, however, and told them the president had officially disbanded the office of the special prosecutor.

As news broke that Sunday, the White House received an unprecedented deluge of telegrams protesting the President's actions. By Tuesday, Judge Sirica had forbidden the FBI from seizing materials from the special prosecutor's office, ordered the grand juries hearing the Watergate indictments to continue their work, and was in the process of preparing a contempt citation against the President. On Wednesday October 24, President Nixon reversed course, and agreed to provide the tapes to the court, as ordered. Leon Jaworski was named the new special prosecutor on November 2.

Jaworski subpoenaed sixty-four taped conversations, but Nixon again appealed, claiming the materials were protected by executive privilege, and that the office of Special Prosecutor lacked the right to sue the office of President. Jaworski appealed directly to the Supreme Court.

On July 8, 1974, Lacovara delivered 35 minutes of oral argument before the Supreme Court in United States v. Nixon.

## 1973-present

In 1981 President Reagen appointed Lacovara as the Presidential appointee to the District of Columbia Judicial Nomination Commission.

## Personal life

In 1962, while still an undergraduate student at Georgetown, Lacovara married his wife, Madeline. They had seven children.


title: Frenulum of labia minora

abstract: The frenulum of labia minora is a frenulum where the labia minora meet posteriorly.

text:
# Frenulum of labia minora

The **frenulum of labia minora** (**fourchette** or **posterior commissure of the labia minora**) is a frenulum where the labia minora meet posteriorly.

## Pathology

The fourchette may be torn during delivery due to the sudden stretching of the vulval orifice, or during copulation. To prevent this tearing in a haphazard manner, obstetricians and, less frequently, midwives may perform an episiotomy, which is a deliberate cut made in the perineum starting from the fourchette and continuing back along the perineum toward the anus. Sometimes this surgical cut may extend to involve the perineal body and thus reduce anal sphincter function. Thus some obstetricians have opted to perform a posterior-lateral cut in the perineum to prevent this potential complication from occurring.

The fourchette may also be torn in acts of violence wherein forced entry occurs such as rape. When the fourchette is torn, the bleeding which ensues sometimes requires surgical suturing for containment.

## Etymology

The fourchette is named with the French word for "fork" or "wishbone", owing to its shape. (See frenulum for its etymology.)

* The dictionary definition of *fourchette* at Wiktionary

## InfoBox

| Frenulum of labia minora | |
| --- | --- |
| A vulva with the labia minora drawn apart and arrow pointing at the frenulum | |
| Details | |
| Identifiers | |
| Latin | *frenulum labiorum pudendi* |
| TA98 | A09.2.01.008 |
| TA2 | 3554 |
| FMA | 20404 |
| Anatomical terminology | |


abstract: Malout Institute of Management and Information Technology (MIMIT) in Malout, Punjab, India, is under the guidance of a Board of Governors, headed by the Technical Education Minister, government of Punjab. Located in the Green Field Enclave, the campus is a combined academic and administrative, three-storied building spread over 25 acres (100,000 m⁲) of land which was designed by the Chief Architecture of Punjab. MIMIT is the only government institute to offer both MBA and B.Tech. programs in Punjab. It offers four undergraduate courses — B.Tech.-IT, CSE, ECE and ME — and one postgraduate course: MBA. Also it offer BBA, B.Com and BCA. MIMIT is ranked first amongst PTU affiliated colleges. It has hostels with a capacity of 350 boys and 150 girls.

text:
# Malout Institute of Management and Information Technology

**Malout Institute of Management and Information Technology** (**MIMIT**) in Malout, Punjab, India, is under the guidance of a Board of Governors, headed by the Technical Education Minister, government of Punjab. Located in the Green Field Enclave, the campus is a combined academic and administrative, three-storied building spread over 25 acres (100,000 m2) of land which was designed by the **Chief Architecture of Punjab**. MIMIT is the only government institute to offer both MBA and B.Tech. programs in Punjab. It offers four undergraduate courses  B.Tech.-IT, CSE, ECE and ME  and one postgraduate course: MBA. Also it offer BBA, B.Com and BCA. MIMIT is ranked first amongst PTU affiliated colleges.

It has hostels with a capacity of 350 boys and 150 girls.

## Courses

### Undergraduate courses

### Postgraduate courses

## Facilities

* Central Library: MIMIT has a 10,500 sq ft (980 m2) double-storied automated library. It has a digital library which includes e-journals, e-books, e-reference sources, databases of theses and dissertations, subject gateway and MIMIT digital resources. Users can access MIMIT Central Library at LAN level and at WAN level.
* Central Computer Centre: There are four centrally air conditioned computer labs, which house up to 400 computers nodes each along with peripherals and internet connectivity

### Main labs

* RDBMS Lab
* Microprocessor Lab
* Research Lab
* Electronics Lab
* Internet Lab
* Physics Lab
* Multimedia Lab
* Electrical Lab
* Data Communication Lab
* Digital Electronics Lab
* Chemistry Lab
* EGD Hall
* Control and Instrumentation Lab
* Fluid Mechanics Lab, (Mechanical Engineering)
* Strength of Materials Lab (Mechanical Engineering)
* Fluid Machines Lab.(Mechanical Engineering)
* Refrigeration and Air conditioning Lab (Mechanical Engineering)
* Computer aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM ).(Mechanical Engineering)
* Industrial Automation and Robotics Lab(Mechanical Engineering)
* Heat and Mass Transfer Lab.(Mechanical Engineering)
* Applied thermodynamics & IC Engines Lab.(Mechanical Engineering)
* Automobile Engineering Lab.(Mechanical Engineering)
* Engineering Materials & Metallurgy Lab. (Mechanical Engineering)
* Theory of Machines Lab. (Mechanical Engineering)
* Mechanical vibrations (Mechanical Engineering)
* Mechanical Measurement and Metrology (Mechanical Engineering)
* Project Lab

### Other

* **Faculty residences:** Housing for the Director, officers, professors, assistant professors, lecturers, ministerial staff, and supporting staff on the campus.
* **Facilities:** Market, departmental store, gymnasium and a guesthouse (fully air-conditioned; accommodates guests at nominal prices).
* **Transport:** One 32-seat bus and one 52-seat bus, two jeeps, and an ambulance available 24 hours.
* '*Water and electricity supply:* 250 kW power generators ensure power supply during working hours. The labs and systems are protected by fire-fighting systems.

## Co-curricular activities

* **Sports**: The college basketball team won the PTU Zonal basketball tournament in 2006. The college handball team was runner-up in PTU Zonal handball tournament in session 2007, and won third position in PTU Zonal handball tournament in session 2008. Facilities exist for all the popular indoor and outdoor games:
    + Badminton courts
    + Basketball courts
    + Volleyball courts
    + Handball ground
    + Football ground
    + Hockey ground
    + Table tennis room
    + Athletic track
    + Concrete lawn tennis court
    + Gymnasium
* **NSS:** The National Service Scheme was formed in 1969 with an aim to provide service to society. NSS volunteers work to ensure that everyone in their society who is needy gets help so that they can enhance their standards and lead a life of dignity.
* **NCC:** MIMIT raised its NCC Unit (Girls) in August 2013.
* Also raised its NCC Naval unit (boys and girls) In September 2018

## Collaborations

The institute has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with CISCO Inc. USA, which provides four semester programmes by online testing, student-performance tracking, and quality assurance plan in networking, with CISCO routers and switches. MIMIT affiliates with Sun Microsystems' Sun Academic Initiative (SAI). The programme is designed to introduce students to Sun technologies and equip them with skills in their chosen fields. It has been ranked top most college in India for past 30 years.

MIMIT is an institute member (IM1049) of the Indian Society of Technical Education, New Delhi. Most of the students of the college are members of the student chapter. The objective of ISTE is the education of students and faculty members through technical programmes, seminars, debates, etc.

## InfoBox

Malout Institute of Management and Information Technology
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Other name | MIMIT |
| Type | Punjab Govt. Engineering & Management College |
| Established | 1998 (1998) |
| Academic affiliations | Punjab Technical University |
| Principal | Dr. Jaskaran Singh Bhullar |
| Location | Malout, Punjab, India
30°12′15″N 74°29′44″E / 30.2042°N 74.4956°E / 30.2042; 74.4956 |
| Website | www.mimitmalout.ac.in |


title: Hughan Gray

abstract: Hughan Edwardo Gray is a Jamaican international footballer who plays for Waterhouse, as a right back.

text:
# Hughan Gray

**Hughan Edwardo Gray** (born 25 March 1987) is a Jamaican international footballer who plays for Waterhouse, as a right back.

## Career

Gray has played club football for Sporting Central Academy and Waterhouse.

He made his international debut for Jamaica in 2014.

## InfoBox

Hughan Gray
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Hughan Edwardo Gray | | |
| Date of birth | (1987-03-25) 25 March 1987 | | |
| Position(s) | Right back | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Waterhouse | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2008–2012 | Sporting Central Academy |  |  |
| 2012– | Waterhouse | 78 | (8) |
| International career | | | |
| 2014– | Jamaica | 4 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 8 June 2014<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 8 June 2014 | | | |


title: Otiorhynchus ovatus

abstract: Otiorhynchus ovatus, the strawberry root weevil, is one of the many species in the weevil family (Curculionidae), occurring across Canada and the northern United States. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae. Its name comes from its affinity for strawberry plants, which form a large part of its diet. They are, however, known to feed on other plants as well. Occasionally the larvae cause serious damage to seedlings and young transplants in plantations and nurseries. It is known to be one of the major pests threatening sub-tropical strawberry farming.

text:
# Otiorhynchus ovatus

***Otiorhynchus ovatus***, the **strawberry root weevil**, is one of the many species in the weevil family (Curculionidae), occurring across Canada and the northern United States. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of *Systema Naturae*. Its name comes from its affinity for strawberry plants, which form a large part of its diet. They are, however, known to feed on other plants as well. Occasionally the larvae cause serious damage to seedlings and young transplants in plantations and nurseries (Rose and Lindquest 1985). It is known to be one of the major pests threatening sub-tropical strawberry farming.

## Description

The adult strawberry root weevil is about six millimeters long, and is dark brown/black in color. They are often found in the leaves and foliage of the plants they feed on. The adult weevil's elytra are fused together, which means they are unable to fly. The larvae can be up to thirteen millimeters long when fully grown and they are found near the roots of the plants they are infesting. The larvae are white, legless, with a darker colored head and are often C-shaped.

The weevil overwinters as a larva deep in the soil, or as an adult under stones or other sheltered places. Larvae feed on roots and can weaken or kill smaller plants. They are whitish, C-shaped, and about 8 mm long when full grown, much smaller than white grubs. They pupate in the upper layers of soil in the spring and change into adults later in the spring or in summer, joining the adults of the previous summer to feed on leaves and fruit.

The adults lack functional wings and do not fly. There are no males, and reproduction is asexual. Eggs are laid at random in the soil in summer around food plants, and, on hatching, the larvae feed on the roots until late fall, when they hibernate.

Strawberry root weevils reproduce through a process called parthenogenesis. This means that female adults can reproduce without the need for a male. In fact, no male specimen has ever been observed in this species.

## Human impact

The plants that the strawberry root weevil feeds on include strawberry, raspberry, rhododendron, grape, and peppermint and they have also been known to feed on grasses. Adults feed nocturnally on leaves and stems, leaving notches and causing slight damage, while the larvae cause significantly more damage by feeding on the roots and crowns of the plant, even as they overwinter, if the temperatures are mild.

The plants that are fed upon by the larvae are stunted and have reddish leaves that curl exposing the underside, and the plant wilts as the fruits form, especially in dry weather. The fine roots and sometimes even the hard fibrous roots are destroyed, allowing for the plants to be easily pulled from the soil. These plants have significantly shortened lives, poor yields that result in losses in revenue. Fields with significant damage can be up to 0.2 ha. Since adults do not fly, plants bordering older plantings show damage the first season, with damage spreading each year the planting is kept. Controlling the strawberry root weevil includes a wide variety of methods such as the use of insecticides, plowing under old crops and crop rotation, cleaning farm equipment before moving to a new field, and fall plowing infested beds or fields. Another control method is the use of entomopathogenic nematodes, though results have varied.

* Strawberry Root Weevil Archived 2009-02-23 at the Wayback Machine
* Strawberry Root Weevil Factsheet Archived 2009-02-23 at the Wayback Machine
* Garneau, I. (2004). "Species Details *Otiorhynchus ovatus*". *University of Alberta Museums*. E.H. Strickland Entomological Museum. Retrieved November 13, 2020.

## InfoBox

| *Otiorhynchus ovatus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Curculionidae |
| Genus: | *Otiorhynchus* |
| Species: | ***O. ovatus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Otiorhynchus ovatus***<br>(Linnaeus, 1758) | |
|


title: New Zealand Arthropod Collection

abstract: The New Zealand Arthropod Collection is a collection of terrestrial invertebrates held by Maanaki Whenua – Landcare Research in Auckland, New Zealand. It specialises in the taxonomy and identification of indigenous and exotic invertebrate species in New Zealand, and is one of New Zealand's Nationally Significant Collections and Databases. The NZAC provides identification guides to the public in the form of insect factsheets, the "What is this bug" website, and illustrations by Des Helmore.

text:
# New Zealand Arthropod Collection

The **New Zealand Arthropod Collection** is a collection of terrestrial invertebrates held by Maanaki Whenua – Landcare Research in Auckland, New Zealand. It specialises in the taxonomy and identification of indigenous and exotic invertebrate species in New Zealand, and is one of New Zealand's Nationally Significant Collections and Databases.

The NZAC provides identification guides to the public in the form of insect factsheets, the "What is this bug" website, and illustrations by Des Helmore.

## InfoBox

New Zealand Arthropod Collection
| Ko te Aitanga Pepeke o Aotearoa | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Established | 1920s |
| Location | 231 Morrin Rd, St Johns, Auckland 1072, New Zealand |
| Coordinates | 36°53′00″S 174°50′56″E / 36.88333°S 174.84889°E / -36.88333; 174.84889 |
| Collection size | 7 million specimens |
| Website | www.landcareresearch.co.nz/resources/collections/nzac |


title: Mordellistena vanhillei

abstract: Mordellistena vanhillei is a species of beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Ermisch in 1954.

text:
# Mordellistena vanhillei

***Mordellistena vanhillei*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordellistena* of the family Mordellidae. It was described by Ermisch in 1954.

## InfoBox

| *Mordellistena vanhillei* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordellistena* |
| Species: | ***M. vanhillei*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordellistena vanhillei***<br>(Ermisch, 1954) | |
|


title: Ming Veevers-Carter

abstract: Ming Veevers-Carter is a florist who represented New Covent Garden Market at the 2016 Chelsea Flower Show. She designed a floral portrait of the Queen which was the centrepiece of 10,000 flowers and foliage stems in a display called "Behind Every Great Florist". Photographs of this with the Queen appeared in the press, and the display won a gold medal and the Royal Horticultural Society's New Design award. Her work now focusses on creating floral installations for events at places such as the National Gallery, Saatchi Gallery, Tate Modern and Victoria and Albert Museum. These are large floral displays built on armatures. Veevers-Carter wrote Celebration Flowers: Designing & Arranging (1990), which Library Journal called a "useful as an idea book and as a guide to the techniques and materials used in flower arranging."

text:
# Ming Veevers-Carter

**Ming Veevers-Carter** is a florist who represented New Covent Garden Market at the 2016 Chelsea Flower Show. She designed a floral portrait of the Queen which was the centrepiece of 10,000 flowers and foliage stems in a display called "Behind Every Great Florist". Photographs of this with the Queen appeared in the press, and the display won a gold medal and the Royal Horticultural Society's New Design award.

Her work now focusses on creating floral installations for events at places such as the National Gallery, Saatchi Gallery, Tate Modern and Victoria and Albert Museum. These are large floral displays built on armatures.

Veevers-Carter wrote *Celebration Flowers: Designing & Arranging* (1990), which *Library Journal* called a "useful as an idea book and as a guide to the techniques and materials used in flower arranging."

## Selected bibliography

1990 - *Celebration Flowers: Designing & Arranging*. Sterling Publishing, New York. ISBN 9780806973005

1990 - *Festive Decorations: Over 80 Decorative Ideas for Flowers, Wreaths, and Trees*. Sterling Publishing, New York. ISBN 9780806974743

1990 - *Decorating with Nature: Trees, Wreaths, Garlands & Arrangements for a Beautiful Home*. Merehurst, London. ISBN 9781853910708

1993 - *200 Easy Flower Arrangements*. With Jane Newdick. Premier Editions, London. ISBN 9781897730157

1994 - *Step by Step Art of Dried Flowers*. Whitecap, B.C. ISBN 9781551100746

1995 - *Dried Flower Arranging*. Coombe Books, Bristol. ISBN 9781858138299

1998 - *The Complete Flower Arranger*. With Jane Newdick. Quadrillion Publishing. New York. ISBN 9781858333090


title: Maryland Route 850

abstract: Maryland Route 850 is a collection of state highways in the U.S. state of Maryland. These seven highways are sections of old alignments of MD 26, most of which are named Old Liberty Road, in the communities of Taylorsville, Winfield, and Eldersburg in southern Carroll County. There are also at least three former sections of MD 850: two are in Eldersburg and one is in Frederick. MD 26 was constructed west of Eldersburg between the early 1920s and early 1930s. That highway was extensively relocated and reconstructed across southern Carroll County in the late 1950s and early 1960s; many of the segments of Old Liberty Road became portions of MD 850.

text:
# Maryland Route 850

**Maryland Route 850** (**MD 850**) is a collection of state highways in the U.S. state of Maryland. These seven highways are sections of old alignments of MD 26, most of which are named Old Liberty Road, in the communities of Taylorsville, Winfield, and Eldersburg in southern Carroll County. There are also at least three former sections of MD 850: two are in Eldersburg and one is in Frederick. MD 26 was constructed west of Eldersburg between the early 1920s and early 1930s. That highway was extensively relocated and reconstructed across southern Carroll County in the late 1950s and early 1960s; many of the segments of Old Liberty Road became portions of MD 850.

## Route descriptions

The two longest segments of MD 850 are MD 850H and MD 850J, which have lengths of 1.75 miles (2.82 km) and 1.24 miles (2.00 km), respectively. MD 850H runs along the eastbound side of MD 26 from a dead end east of Winfield east to MD 26 in Eldersburg. The highway heads east as a two-lane undivided road and immediately intersects county-maintained Freter Road, which provides access to MD 26. The highway gradually veers away from the main highway. In the hamlet of Dorsey Crossroads, MD 850H meets MD 97 (Old Washington Road) at a roundabout a short distance south of MD 97's interchange with MD 26. A park and ride lot is located northwest of this roundabout. MD 850H continues east and gradually approaches the parallel MD 26. The state highway curves north and ends at MD 26's intersection with Klee Mill Road. MD 850J runs between two dead ends on the westbound side of MD 26 in Winfield. The highway begins at a dead end a short distance west of Salem Bottom Road. The state highway heads east as a two-lane undivided road and intersects county-maintained Salem Bottom Road, which provides access to MD 26. MD 850J starts to closely parallel MD 26; the two highways are connected by spurs on either side of South Carroll High School, east of which the state highway reaches its eastern terminus at a dead end.

There are five other extant segments of MD 850. From west to east:

* MD 850D is the designation for a pair of disjoint sections of Old Liberty Road on the eastbound side of MD 26 at the FrederickCarroll county line near Taylorsville. The western segment runs 0.11 miles (0.18 km) from a dead end east to Buffalo Road, which follows the county boundary. The eastern segment runs 0.10 miles (0.16 km) from Roop Road east to a dead end.
* MD 850C is the designation for a 0.77-mile (1.24 km) section of Old Liberty Road between two dead ends on the eastbound side of MD 26 between MD 850D and MD 27 in Taylorsville. The state highway is connected to MD 26 by county-maintained Franklinville Road.
* MD 850E is the designation for a 0.78-mile (1.26 km) section of Old Liberty Road that follows the eastbound side of MD 26 from a dead end in Taylorsville east to an intersection with MD 26 just west of MD 850J's west end in Winfield.
* MD 850I is the designation for a 0.02-mile (0.032 km) section of Old Liberty Road on the westbound side of MD 26 between MD 850J and MD 850H east of Winfield. MD 850I is connected to MD 26 by MD 26A.
* MD 850K runs 0.05 miles (0.080 km) from MD 850H in Eldersburg, just south of the latter route's eastern terminus at MD 26, east to a dead end.

## History

MD 850 comprises several segments of the old alignment of MD 26 from the FrederickCarroll county line east to Eldersburg. MD 26 from Eldersburg toward Libertytown was built as a concrete road starting with the completion of the road from MD 32 to Dorsey Crossroads, the site of the MD 97 intersection, by 1923. The highway was extended through Winfield in 1924 and 1925. The concrete road was extended to just east of Taylorsville in 1928. The road to Taylorsville was completed in 1930. The final section of MD 26 between Baltimore and Frederick was completed from Taylorsville to west of the CarrollFrederick county line in 1933. Modernization of MD 26 from the FrederickCarroll County line to Eldersburg began in 1956 when the section from west of the county line to Taylorsville was placed under construction, including bypasses of MD 850C and MD 850D. In 1957, work began on relocating, widening, and resurfacing MD 26 through Eldersburg and between Taylorsville and Winfield, leading to the designation of MD 850E to the old section of the main highway west of Winfield. The final section of MD 26 in Carroll County to be placed in its modern form was from the western edge of Eldersurg to Winfield, which was completed in 1962 with a grade separation and interchange ramps at the MD 97 junction; Old Liberty Road in that area became MD 850H, MD 850I, and MD 850J.

There have been several changes in the existing segments of MD 850 since they were designated. MD 850D was once a 0.40-mile (0.64 km) single segment that spanned two counties. The 0.19-mile (0.31 km) section of Old Liberty Road between the now-disjoint segments of MD 850D was transferred from state to private maintenance in 2001. In 2004, MD 850I was shortened from 0.07 miles (0.11 km) to its current length. MD 850H's roundabout at MD 97 was installed in 2005. MD 850K was assigned to what had been the eastern end of MD 850H in 2010 when MD 850H was rerouted to use a previously unnumbered spur to MD 26.

There are at least three former sections of MD 850. MD 850F was the designation for a 0.63-mile (1.01 km) stretch of old alignment of MD 26 on the eastbound side of the state highway between MD 26 and a dead end adjacent to the main highway's intersection with Martz Road in Eldersburg. The state highway started as Emerald Lane, then turned east parallel to MD 26 and became Old Liberty Road. MD 850G was the designation for a 0.96-mile (1.54 km) section of Old Liberty Road between two dead ends on the westbound side of MD 26 in Eldersburg. The state highway was connected to MD 26 by county-maintained Linton Road. The eastern end of former MD 850G has been obliterated by new suburban development. MD 850F and MD 850G were created after the relocation of MD 26 through Eldersburg starting in 1957. The highways were removed from the state highway system in 2002. There are two other county-maintained segments of Old Liberty Road east of MD 32 in Eldersburg. One is along the eastbound side of MD 26 east of Carroll Highlands Road. The second is a spur on the westbound side of MD 26 at Oakland Mill Road between two arms of Liberty Reservoir just west of the CarrollBaltimore county line.

MD 850K was the designation for the 0.31-mile (0.50 km) section of Market Street between MD 355, which headed south as Market Street and north as Routzahn Way, and a partial intersection with MD 26 on the north side of Frederick. MD 850K was the original western end of MD 26 at U.S. Route 15 (US 15). The highway was paved as a macadam road by 1921. The highway was designated MD 31 in 1927 but became part of MD 26 in 1933. This segment was bypassed when MD 26 was extended west as a divided highway from Market Street to modern US 15 when the latter highway was completed in 1959. MD 850K was transferred from the state highway system to municipal maintenance in 2009 concurrent with MD 355 being truncated to south of Frederick.

## Junction list

### MD 850J

The entire route is in Winfield, Carroll County.

| mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0.00 | 0.00 | Dead end | Western terminus |
| 0.17 | 0.27 | Salem Bottom Road |  |
| 0.83 | 1.34 |
To MD 26 |  |
| 1.14 | 1.83 |
To MD 26 |  |
| 1.24 | 2.00 | Dead end | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
 | | | | | |

### MD 850H

The entire route is in Carroll County.

| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Winfield | 0.00 | 0.00 | Dead end | Western terminus |
| | 0.09 | 0.14 | Freter Road |  |
| Eldersburg | 1.08 | 1.74 | MD 97 (Old Washington Road) Westminster, Olney | Roundabout |
| | 1.72 | 2.77 |
To MD 26 |  |
| | 1.77 | 2.85 | Dead end | Eastern terminus |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
 | | | | | |

Template:Attached KML/Maryland Route 850KML is from Wikidata

## InfoBox

| Maryland Route 850 | |
| --- | --- |
| Old Liberty Road | |
|  | |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by MDSHA | |
| Existed | 1958–present |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Maryland |
| Counties | Carroll, Frederick |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| MD 849   MD 851 | |


title: Fred Barrett (rugby league)

abstract: Fred Barrett (1920–2004) was an Irish professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s, and coached in the 1950s. He played at club level for Keighley, as a centre or halfback, and later coached the club.

text:
# Fred Barrett (rugby league)

**Fred Barrett** (1920–2004) was an Irish professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s, and coached in the 1950s. He played at club level for Keighley, as a centre or halfback, and later coached the club.

## Playing career

Barrett first appeared for Keighley at the start of the 1940–41 season and remained with the club until the end of the 1951–52 season. During that period he made 296 appearances for the club and scored 45 tries and kicked one goal. In his last playing season he captained the team and was the captain in Keighley's only peacetime Yorkshire Cup final as they lost 17–3 to Wakefield Trinity. Barrett predominantly played as a centre or halfback but as one of his teammates recalled, "During his career he played in every position except hooker".

## Coaching

After retiring from playing Barrett coached the club's A team before becoming first team coach at the end of the 1950s.

## InfoBox

Fred Barrett
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Frederick Barrett |
| Born | 1920 (1920) |
| Died | 2004 (aged 8384) |
| Playing information | |
| Position | Centre, Halfback |
| Club  Years Team Pld T G FG P  1940–52 Keighley 296 45 1 137 | |
| Coaching information | |
| Club  **Years** **Team** **Gms** **W** **D** **L** **W%**  195?5? Keighley 0 0 0 0 | |
| Goal type not recorded. Added to "total goals" | |


title: Nick Catanese

abstract: Nick Catanese is an American musician. He is best known as a former rhythm guitarist for heavy metal band Black Label Society. He supported lead player Zakk Wylde, who has commented that "If I'm Keith Richards, he's Mick Taylor". In 2018, Catanese was found guilty of sexual misconduct with a minor.

text:
# Nick Catanese

**Nick Catanese** is an American musician. He is best known as a former rhythm guitarist for heavy metal band Black Label Society. He supported lead player Zakk Wylde, who has commented that "If I'm Keith Richards, he's Mick Taylor". In 2018, Catanese was found guilty of sexual misconduct with a minor.

## Career

Nicknamed "The Evil Twin" for his capability to keep up with Wylde, Catanese joined with him when he noticed Wylde's email address in a magazine, and on a whim told Wylde that if he ever needed a guitar player to let him know. Wylde had been discussing with his wife about getting a second guitarist that very day, then got back to Catanese, the two met up and jammed and Catanese joined Wylde on the Book of Shadows tour (Wylde's solo album). When Wylde was looking to form a band in 1998, Catanese recommended drummer Phil Ondich to him. *Sonic Brew* was recorded, and in 1999, John DeServio was added to the lineup on bass—Black Label Society was officially formed. Ondich was eventually replaced by Craig Nunenmacher, and several bassists (Steve Gibb, Mike Inez, Robert Trujillo, and James Lomenzo) replaced JD until he ultimately returned to the band in October 2005. Catanese left Black Label Society in December 2013.

Nick Catanese also appeared in the movie *Rock Star* in 2001. He played guitarist Xander Cummins, of the fictional Steel Dragon tribute band Blood Pollution. The film also featured performances by musicians such as Zakk Wylde, Jason Bonham, Myles Kennedy, Brian Vander Ark, Blas Elias, Jeff Pilson and Ralph Saenz. He also has credits on Black Label Society's concert DVDs, *Boozed, Broozed and Broken-Boned* and *The European Invasion – Doom Troopin*.

Catanese plays Paul Reed Smith electric guitars, and plays Gibson acoustic guitars live with Black Label Society. Nick previously played Washburn guitars, and moved to Paul Reed Smith when his Washburn contract expired on January 7, 2009. PRS later made him an 'Evil Twin' signature model.

Catanese formed the band Speed X with Mike Stone from Queensrÿche (guitar and vocals), Josh Sattler (bass) and drummer Mike Froedge, both from DoubleDrive in 2010, and later formed a with bassist Vinnie Salvatore and drummer Dusty Winterrowd.

## Sexual misconduct with a minor

In January 2018, Catanese was found guilty of sending explicit photos of himself to one of his 14-year-old guitar students as well as requesting explicit photos and sex acts from her. He was convicted of unlawful contact, corruption of a minor, and endangering the welfare of children in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. In addition to being sentenced to five years probation, he must also register as a sex offender under Megan's Law for the next 25 years, avoid contact with minors, and have no access to Internet-capable computers.

## InfoBox

| Nick Catanese | |
| --- | --- |
| Catanese performing with Black Label Society in 2007 | |
| Background information | |
| Also known as | Evil Twin |
| Genres | Heavy metal, hard rock |
| Occupation | Guitarist |
| Years active | 1996–2018 |
| Member of | Speed X |
| Formerly of | Black Label Society |