title: Optilan

abstract: Founded in 1990, Optilan operates across a multitude of industries including energy, critical national infrastructure, pipeline, telecommunications and rail projects. Its head office is located in the United Kingdom, with additional offices in Azerbaijan, United Arab Emirates, Turkey, India, and the United States. It is a privately owned business employing around 200 people on a full-time basis in addition to a number of field experts brought in for specific projects. Optilan's business operations have evolved since starting off as a communications and fibre optic specialist in 1990. Optilan has expanded into a supplier of communications and security systems, providing design through to site commissioning and support.

text:
# Optilan

Founded in 1990, **Optilan** operates across a multitude of industries including energy, critical national infrastructure, pipeline, telecommunications and rail projects.

Its head office is located in the United Kingdom, with additional offices in Azerbaijan, United Arab Emirates, Turkey, India, and the United States. It is a privately owned business employing around 200 people on a full-time basis in addition to a number of field experts brought in for specific projects.

Optilan's business operations have evolved since starting off as a communications and fibre optic specialist in 1990. Optilan has expanded into a supplier of communications and security systems, providing design through to site commissioning and support.

## History

### Early years

Optilan was formed in 1990 by friends and co-apprentices from GEC Telecommunications (now Telent); Tim Allen, Richard Buckland and Eamonn McFadden.

Prior to forming the company, Buckland and Allen had been working at Walmore Electronics- a fibre optics company in Central London. They left as the company moved into other areas. After discovering that Walmore was no longer continuing in the field of the contracts they had been working on; Allen and Buckland gained their blessing to secure work with a number of the clients including; The BBC, Royal Albert Hall, Honeywell in Taiwan and Dubal Aluminium in Dubai. McFadden, who had been working for GEC in Thailand, then joined the pair to become the third member of the team.

From 1991, Optilan had started taking orders over £100,000, the first of which being in the Isle of Wight for Plessey Radar, where Optilan installed a fibre optic transmission system.

As the company grew in size, Bal Kler and Chris Yarwood joined the three original company founders on the board of directors and more staff were employed on a full-time basis.

In 2001, Optilan was given the contract to work on the Channel Tunnel Rail Link, providing the CCTV, Data Transmission Network (DTN) and the Local Area Network (LAN). Optilan was also offered the maintenance contract for the support of these systems.

### Coventry Citywide Network

Coventry City Council’s own network was the first of its kind to be installed in the UK in 2007. With over 87 miles of fibre optic cables being laid around Coventry by Optilan, the system now reaches all of the council buildings and schools to meet the demands of the city's 300,000 residents and enable local schools to get faster broadband access. This was also Optilan’s first contract for over £10 million.

### Strategic Venture With BlueWaterEnergy

In 2017, Optilan announced the arrangement of a strategic venture with BlueWaterEnergy Group (BWE), focusing on increasing and developing service offerings on a global scale.

### Acquisition by DarkPulse Inc

In 2021 Optilan was acquired by DarkPulse Inc, a US public company. DarkPulse is an infrastructure monitoring company focused on Critical Infrastructure/Key Resources monitoring utilizing their patented dark-pulse BOTDA systems worldwide. The Company is traded under symbol: DPLS

## Head office locations

Optilan’s Head Office is located in the United Kingdom. The company was previously located in Kenilworth; however had to move due to an increase in company size.

Optilan's equipment build and test areas are located at their Workshop and Manufacturing facility in Leamington Spa. Products from here are distributed worldwide to be fitted within communication and security systems.

Optilan also operates from offices in Baku, Azerbaijan, Ankara, Turkey and the company’s US subsidiary Optilan Inc. operates out of Houston, Texas, United States.

## Projects

* Channel Tunnel Rail Link \- providing telecommunications, station communication and security systems.
* Scottish telecoms operator ‘Thus’ (previously Scottish Telecom) - Principal Contractor for OHL (Overhead Line) Fiber Wrap Replacement projects over Scottish Power's infrastructure
* University of Hertfordshire \- providing optical fiber based telecommunications network and CCTV security systems for their de Havilland campus.
* Russian Permafrost Projects - Design and supply of communications infrastructure for the South Shapkino Project, encompassing wellheads, process plant and export pipeline.
* Coventry Wide Area Network (CovWAN)- A £10million upgrade of Coventry City Council's ICT network, called the wide area network (WAN) connecting all council buildings and schools to meet the needs of 300,000 residents and enabling local schools to benefit from improved broadband access and faster internet services.

## InfoBox

Optilan
| Company type | Private |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Communications equipment, security |
| Founded | 24 January 1990 |
| Founder | Tim Allen
Richard Buckland
Eamonn McFadden |
| Headquarters | Coventry, United Kingdom |
| Key people | Jason Keith, CEO
Dennis O’Leary Board Chair |
| Services | System design, integration, installation and maintenance, cable and fibre optic installation, product build and Ttest |
| Number of employees | 110 (2022) |
| Website | www.optilan.com |


title: Optics and vision

abstract: Vision of humans and other organisms depends on several organs such as the lens of the eye, and any vision correcting devices, which use optics to focus the image. The eyes of many animals contains a lens that focuses the light of its surroundings onto the retina of the eye. This lens is essential to producing clear images within the eye. However, some individuals may have problems with focus, such as myopia or presbyopia. In this case, the focus of the eyes can be corrected with an external lens, such as glasses or contact lenses, or through surgery.

text:
# Optics and vision

**Vision of humans and other organisms** depends on several organs such as the lens of the eye, and any vision correcting devices, which use **optics** to focus the image.

The eyes of many animals contains a lens that focuses the light of its surroundings onto the retina of the eye. This lens is essential to producing clear images within the eye.

However, some individuals may have problems with focus, such as myopia or presbyopia. In this case, the focus of the eyes can be corrected with an external lens, such as glasses or contact lenses, or through surgery.

## Visual perception

Visual perception is the ability to interpret information and surroundings from visible light reaching the eye. The resulting perception is also known as **eyesight**, **sight** or **vision**. The various physiological components involved in vision are referred to collectively as the visual system, and are the focus of much research in psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience and molecular biology.

### Human Visual system

The visual system in humans allows individuals to assimilate information from the environment. The act of seeing starts when the lens of the eye focuses an image of its surroundings onto a light-sensitive membrane in the back of the eye, called the retina. The retina converts patterns of light into neuronal signals. The lens of the eye focuses light on the photoreceptive cells of the retina, which detect the photons of light and respond by producing neural impulses. These signals are processed in a hierarchical fashion by different parts of the brain, from the retina to the lateral geniculate nucleus, to the primary and secondary visual cortex of the brain. Signals from the retina can also travel directly from the retina to the Superior colliculus.

### Human eye

The human eye is an organ which reacts to light for several purposes.

As a conscious sense organ, the eye allows vision. Rod and cone cells in the retina allow conscious light perception and vision including color differentiation and the perception of depth. The human eye can distinguish about 10 million colors.

The human eye's non-image-forming photosensitive ganglion cells in the retina receive the light signals which affect adjustment of the size of the pupil, regulation and suppression of the hormone melatonin and entrainment of the body clock.

### Visual acuity

Visual acuity is acuteness or clearness of vision, especially form vision, which is dependent on the sharpness of the retinal focus within the eye and the sensitivity of the interpretative faculty of the brain.

Visual acuity is a quantitative measure of the ability to identify black symbols on a white background at a standardized distance as the size of the symbols is varied. It is the most common clinical measurement of visual function. In the term "**20/20 vision**" the numerator refers to the distance in feet from which a person can reliably distinguish a pair of objects. The denominator is the distance from which an 'average' person would be able to distinguish —the distance at which their separation angle is 1 arc minute. The metric equivalent is **6/6 vision** where the distance is 6 meters. The 20/*x* number does not directly relate to the eyeglass prescription required to correct vision; rather an eye exam seeks to find the prescription that will provide at least 20/20 vision.

## Non-Surgical Visual Correction

### Corrective lens

A **corrective lens** is a lens worn in front of the eye, mainly used to treat myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, and presbyopia. The goal is to bring vision up to 20/20 vision or as close to this as possible. Glasses or "spectacles" are corrective lenses worn on the face a short distance in front of the eye. Contact lenses are worn directly on the surface of the eye. Intraocular lenses are surgically implanted most commonly after cataract removal, but recently for purely refractive purposes. Myopia (short sightedness) requires a divergent lens, whereas hyperopia (far sightedness) requires convergent lens.

#### Prescription of corrective lenses

Corrective lenses are typically prescribed by an optometrist. The prescription consists of all the specifications necessary to make the lens. Prescriptions typically include the power specifications of each lens (for each eye). Strengths are generally prescribed in quarter-diopter steps (0.25 D) because most people cannot generally distinguish between smaller increments (ex. eighth-diopter steps / 0.125 D).

#### Glasses

Glasses (also called **eyeglasses** or **spectacles**) are frames bearing lenses worn in front of the eyes, normally for vision correction, eye protection, or for protection from UV rays.

Modern glasses are typically supported by pads on the bridge of the nose and by **temple arms** placed over the ears. Historical types include the *pince-nez*, monocle, lorgnette, and scissors-glasses.

Eyeglass lenses are commonly made from plastic, including CR-39 and polycarbonate. These materials reduce the danger of breakage and weigh less than glass lenses. Some plastics also have more advantageous optical properties than glass, such as better transmission of visible light and greater absorption of ultraviolet light. Some plastics have a greater index of refraction than most types of glass; this is useful in the making of corrective lenses shaped to correct various vision abnormalities such as myopia, allowing thinner lenses for a given prescription.

#### Contact lenses

A **contact lens** (also known simply as a **contact**) is a corrective, cosmetic, or therapeutic lens usually placed on the cornea of the eye. Modern soft contact lenses were invented by the Czech chemist Otto Wichterle and his assistant Drahoslav Lím, who also invented the first gel used for their production.

Contact lenses usually serve the same corrective purpose as glasses, but are lightweight and virtually invisiblemany commercial lenses are tinted a faint blue to make them more visible when immersed in cleaning and storage solutions. Some cosmetic lenses are deliberately colored to alter the appearance of the eye. Lenses now have a slight bluish tint which is a thin UV coating; this reduces glare and cornea damage much like a pair of sunglasses.

## Surgical Vision Correction

### Photorefractive keratectomy

Photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and **Laser-Assisted Sub-Epithelial Keratectomy** (or **Laser Epithelial Keratomileusis**) (LASEK) are laser eye surgery procedures intended to correct a person's vision, reducing dependency on glasses or contact lenses. The first LASEK procedure was performed at Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary in 1996 by ophthalmologist, refractive surgeon, Dimitri Azar. The procedure was later popularized by Camellin, who coined the term LASEK for laser epithelial keratomileusis.

LASEK and PRK permanently change the shape of the anterior central cornea using an excimer laser to ablate (remove by vaporization) a small amount of tissue from the corneal stroma at the front of the eye, just under the corneal epithelium. The outer layer of the cornea is removed prior to the ablation. A computer system tracks the patient's eye position 60 to 4,000 times per second, depending on the brand of laser used, redirecting laser pulses for precise placement. Most modern lasers will automatically center on the patient's visual axis and will pause if the eye moves out of range and then resume ablating at that point after the patient's eye is re-centered.

### Cataract Surgery

Insertion of an intraocular lens for the treatment of cataracts is the most commonly performed eye surgical procedure. The procedure can be done under local anesthesia with the patient awake throughout the operation. The use of a flexible \[intraocular lens\] enables the lens to be rolled for insertion into the capsule through a very small incision, thus avoiding the need for stitches, and this procedure usually takes less than 30 minutes in the hands of an experienced ophthalmologist. After surgery, patients should avoid strenuous exercise or anything else that significantly increases blood pressure. They should also visit their ophthalmologists regularly for several months so as to monitor the implants.

Most intraocular lenses fitted today are fixed monofocal lenses matched to distance vision. However, other types are available, such as multifocal IOLs which provide the patient with multiple-focused vision at far and reading distance, and adaptive IOLs which provide the patient with limited visual accommodation.

1. "Why light sensors in human eye are located at the back". *Physics Today* (3): 6956. 2015. Bibcode:2015PhT..2015c6956.. doi:10.1063/pt.5.028691. ISSN 1945-0699.
2. "Review for "Neuronal RNP granules: dynamic sensors of localized signals"". 2019-04-02. doi:10.1111/tra.12672/v1/review2. `{{cite journal}}`: Cite journal requires `|journal=` (help)
3. Judd, Deane B.; Wyszecki, Günter (1975). *Color in Business, Science and Industry*. Wiley Series in Pure and Applied Optics (third ed.). New York: Wiley-Interscience. p. 388. ISBN 978-0-471-45212-6.
4. Foster, Russell (2022). "The Power of the Eye". *Life Time*. Yale University Press. pp. 51–69. doi:10.2307/j.ctv2pwtntm.9. ISBN 978-0-300-26691-7. JSTOR j.ctv2pwtntm.9.
5. Cline D; Hofstetter HW; Griffin JR. *Dictionary of Visual Science*. 4th ed. Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston 1997. ISBN 0-7506-9895-0
6. DeFranco, Liz (April 2007). "Polycarbonate Lenses: Tough as Nails". *All About Vision*. Retrieved 2007-09-01.
7. "Laser epithelial keratomileusis (LASEK)" Accessed June 30, 2008.
8. Taneri, Suphi; Zieske, James D.; Azar, Dimitri T. (2004). "Evolution, techniques, clinical outcomes, and pathophysiology of LASEK: Review of the literature". *Survey of Ophthalmology*. **49** (6): 576–602. doi:10.1016/j.survophthal.2004.08.003. PMID 15530945.


title: Operation Büffel

abstract: Operation Büffel ("Buffalo") was a series of local retreats conducted by the German Army Group Centre on the Eastern Front during the period 1–22 March 1943. This movement eliminated the Rzhev Salient and shortened the front by 230 miles (370 km), releasing twenty-one divisions. The withdrawals were accompanied by a ruthless security campaign, resulting in widespread destruction, deportation of the able-bodied population for slave labour, and killings of civilians.

text:
# Operation Büffel

**Operation Büffel** ("Buffalo") was a series of local retreats conducted by the German Army Group Centre on the Eastern Front during the period 1–22 March 1943. This movement eliminated the Rzhev Salient and shortened the front by 230 miles (370 km), releasing twenty-one divisions. The withdrawals were accompanied by a ruthless security campaign, resulting in widespread destruction, deportation of the able-bodied population for slave labour, and killings of civilians.

## Operational history

The 9th Army evacuated the Rzhev Salient in March 1943, as part of a general shortening of the line. Large-scale security sweeps, under the doctrine of Bandenbekämpfung ("bandit fighting"), were carried out in the weeks before the operation, in which an estimated 3,000 Russians were killed, the great majority of whom were unarmed, as shown by the inventory of the seized weapons: 277 rifles, 41 pistols, 61 machine guns, 17 mortars, 9 antitank rifles and 16 small artillery pieces. The withdrawal itself took two weeks, with minimal casualties or disruption in a move of an Army group numbering approximately 300,000 men, 100 tanks and 400 artillery pieces. In its wake, 9th Army leader Walter Model personally ordered the deportation of all male civilians, wells poisoned, and at least two dozen villages razed in a scorched earth policy to hinder the Red Army's follow up in the area.

## Soviet reaction

The Soviets had been planning to attack the salient. On February 6, 1943, the Stavka issued directive No. 30043 on the preparation of an offensive on the central section of the Soviet-German front to encircle and destroy the main forces of Army Group Center.

On February 18, preparations for retreat by the German troops were discovered by the reconnaissance of the Western Front, and on February 23 of the Kalinin front. Reports said that some groups of the enemy were moving towards the West, some of the artillery was pulled closer to the roads, and some dugouts, bridges, buildings and railway line were being prepared for demolition. Despite these reports, the Soviet command reacted slowly. The Commander of the 30th Army, Vladimir Kolpakchi, only gave the order to advance on March 2 at 14:30. At 17:15 that day, a directive from the Stavka ordered all troops of the Kalinin and Western Fronts to advance.

On the morning of March 3, 1943, Soviet troops entered the city of Rzhev without meeting any resistance. On March 4, Soviet troops took control of Olenino, and then Gzhatsk (March 5), Sychyovka (March 8), Bely (March 10) and Vyazma (March 12).

The pursuit of the enemy troops was complicated by well-equipped defensive positions, minefields and destroyed communications. Some parts of the Red Army managed to advance only 6-7 km per day. In the second half of March, Western Front troops tried to cut off German units from the Orlov-Bryansk group, but after several days of fighting, losing 132 tanks, the 1st and 5th Tank Corps of the Red Army stopped the attacks. On March 22, 1943, Soviet troops reached the new defensive line where the troops of the army group "Center" were entrenched. Faced with intense resistance and as a result of the reduction in the supply of ammunition and food due to the distance from their supply bases, the Red Army was forced to stop the offensive.

This advance is known in Soviet historiography as the **Rzhev-Vyazma Offensive (1943)**, ending on March 31.

## Effects

The shortening of the German lines allowed the Germans to create a reserve for operations elsewhere. These formations were later used during the 1943 summer campaign, resulting in the Battle of Kursk.

The official Soviet report published on 7 April 1943 showed the effects of the German scorched earth policy. In Viazma, out of 5,500 buildings, only 51 small houses were still standing; at Gzhatsk, 300 out of 1,600; in Rzhev, 500 out of 5,400. 15,000 people were deported from the three towns alone. The rural areas suffered equally; in the Sychevka area, for example, 137 villages out of 248 had been burned down. British war correspondent Alexander Werth visited the area soon after the liberation and saw for himself the results of Model's orders. The report listed Model at the top of the list of the war criminals responsible for the "deliberate extermination policy" and noted that most of the killings of civilians were carried out by regular Wehrmacht units, not just the Gestapo or the SD.

## Bibliography

* Newton, Steven H. (2006). *Hitler's Commander: Field Marshal Walter Model – Hitler's Favorite General*. Cambridge, MA: Da Capo. ISBN 978-0-306-81399-3.
* Werth, Alexander (1964). *Russia at War 1941–1945*. New York, NY: E.P. Dutton & Co.


title: Orchestomerus

abstract: Orchestomerus is a genus of minute seed weevils in the family of beetles known as Curculionidae. There are about 14 described species in Orchestomerus.

text:
# Orchestomerus

***Orchestomerus*** is a genus of minute seed weevils in the family of beetles known as Curculionidae. There are about 14 described species in *Orchestomerus*.

## Species

These 14 species belong to the genus *Orchestomerus*:

Data sources: i = ITIS, c = Catalogue of Life, g = GBIF, b = Bugguide.net

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Orchestomerus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Curculionidae |
| Tribe: | Cnemogonini |
| Genus: | *Orchestomerus*<br>Dietz, 1896 |
|


title: Optimized Consumer Intensity Analysis

abstract: In the area of food and beverage marketing, an Optimized Consumer Intensity Analysis uses data from a sensory perception experiment, often in the form of a blind taste test, to compare brands or products. For example, the Pepsi Challenge is a famous taste test that has been run by Pepsi since 1975 as a method to show their superiority to Coca-Cola.

text:
# Optimized Consumer Intensity Analysis

In the area of food and beverage marketing, an **Optimized Consumer Intensity Analysis** uses data from a sensory perception experiment, often in the form of a blind taste test, to compare brands or products. For example, the Pepsi Challenge is a famous taste test that has been run by Pepsi since 1975 as a method to show their superiority to Coca-Cola.

## Input and output

An OCI Analysis takes in data from a sensory perception experiment and outputs a graph showing the distribution of the products per attribute taking into account the overall liking score. Data resulting from sensory perception experiment results in (at least) the following variables:

* Product \[in one experiment, multiple products are rated\]
* Overall liking of the product
* Sensory intensity attributes \[perceived saltiness, perceived sweetness, etc.\]

The output graph shows the average sensory attribute per product. Key to the interpretation of the graph is a provided interval "the optimal range". This interval is understood and interpreted in several ways:

* Products within this interval are optimal with respect to the attribute at hand.
* Products within that interval are not different from each other with respect to the attribute.
* Products within that interval cannot be improved by changing the attribute.
* Products outside that interval can be improved by changing the attribute.

1. "NIH Grant Will Further Researcher's Work Detecting Breast Cancer".


title: Ó Cuindlis

abstract: Ó Cuindlis was the name of an Irish family of brehons and scholars from Uí Maine, located in present-day County Galway and County Roscommon, in Connacht. It means 'Descendant of Cuindleas'. It was also spelt with Cuindilis and Cuindleas, later Cuinnlis and Coinlis, and in County Mayo Coinleisc and Coinlisc. The earliest form of the name can be traced back to an abbot from the 8th century, named Cuindles.

text:
# Ó Cuindlis

**Ó Cuindlis** was the name of an Irish family of brehons and scholars from Uí Maine, located in present-day County Galway and County Roscommon, in Connacht. It means 'Descendant of Cuindleas' (a given name of uncertain meaning). It was also spelt with *Cuindilis* and *Cuindleas*, later *Cuinnlis* and *Coinlis*, and in County Mayo *Coinleisc* and *Coinlisc*. The earliest form of the name can be traced back to an abbot from the 8th century, named Cuindles.

## Naming conventions

Anglicized variations of the surname include Candless, Conlish, Conlisk, Conliske, Coynliske, Cundlish, Cunlish, Cunlisk, Quinless, Quinlish, Quinlisk, and Quinlist. *Ó Cuindlis* is etymologically related to McCandless and McCandlish, from *Mac Cuindlis*, 'Son of Cuindleas'.

| Male | Daughter | Wife *(Long)* | Wife *(Short)* |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ó Cuindlis | Ní Cuindlis | Bean Uí Cuindlis | Uí Cuindlis |

## Notable individuals


title: Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies

abstract: The O'Clery Book of Genealogies, also known as Royal Irish Academy Ms. 23 D 17, was written by Cú Choigcríche Ó Cléirigh, one of the Four Masters, who was transported in the 1650s to Ballyacroy, County Mayo, "under the guidance of Rory O'Donnell, son of Col. Manus O'Donnell, slain at Benburb, 1646." Upon his death in 1664, he willed his books and manuscripts to his sons, Diarmaid and Sean. In 1817, John or Sean O'Cleary, moved to Dublin. He brought with him manuscripts of Leabhar Gabhala, the O'Clery Book of Genealogies, the Life of Hugh Roe O'Donnell and the [topographical] poems of Seán Mór Ó Dubhagáin and Giolla na Naomh Ó hUidhrín, all written by Cú Choigcríche. Briefly in the possession of Patrick Lynch (d.1817) and the bookseller Patrick Vincent FitzPatrick of Capel Street, they were acquired by the writer Edward O'Reilly. They were purchased by the Royal Irish Academy in November 1829, and remain in their possession. It was edited by Seamus Pender and published in 1951. David Sellar, who was the Lord Lyon King of Arms in Scotland, concluded that it dates from the mid 17th century.

text:
# Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies

The **O'Clery Book of Genealogies**, also known as **Royal Irish Academy Ms. 23 D 17**, was written by Cú Choigcríche Ó Cléirigh, one of the Four Masters, who was transported in the 1650s to Ballyacroy, County Mayo, "under the guidance of Rory O'Donnell, son of Col. Manus O'Donnell, slain at Benburb, 1646."

Upon his death in 1664, he willed his books and manuscripts to his sons, Diarmaid and Sean. In 1817, John or Sean O'Cleary (one of six sons of Patrick, son of Cosnahach (1693–1759), son of Cairbre, son of Diarmaid, son of Cú Choigcríche), moved to Dublin. He brought with him manuscripts of Leabhar Gabhala, the O'Clery Book of Genealogies, the Life of Hugh Roe O'Donnell and the \[topographical\] poems of Seán Mór Ó Dubhagáin (died 1372) and Giolla na Naomh Ó hUidhrín (d. 1420), all written by Cú Choigcríche.

Briefly in the possession of Patrick Lynch (d.1817) and the bookseller Patrick Vincent FitzPatrick of Capel Street, they were acquired by the writer Edward O'Reilly (died August 1830). They were purchased by the Royal Irish Academy in November 1829, and remain in their possession. It was edited by Seamus Pender and published in 1951.

David Sellar, who was the Lord Lyon King of Arms in Scotland, concluded that it dates from the mid 17th century.

* Ó Cléirigh, Cú Choigcríche (1951) \[Written from original manuscript *Ó Cléirigh Book of Genealogies* which was written in the mid-seventeenth century\]. Pender, Seamus (ed.). *The O Clery Book of Genealogies*. Dublin: Stationery Office.
* *Analecta Hibernica*, No. 18, ed. Seamus Pender, 1951.


title: Neda Lokas

abstract: Neda Lokas is a former Croatian female basketball player.

text:
# Neda Lokas

**Neda Lokas** (born 5 August 1985 in Šibenik, SFR Yugoslavia) is a former Croatian female basketball player.

## InfoBox

Neda Lokas
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1985-08-05) 5 August 1985<br>Šibenik, SFR Yugoslavia |
| Nationality | Croatian |
| Listed height | 1.82 m (6 ft 0 in) |
| Career information | |
| WNBA draft | 2007: undrafted |
| Playing career | 2002–2011 |
| Position | Small forward |
| Career history | |
| 2002–2011 | Jolly JBS |
| 2011 | Novi Zagreb |
|  | |
| Medals      Women's basketball  Representing  Croatia  Mediterranean Games  2009 Pescara Team | |


title: Neosisyphus tarantula

abstract: Neosisyphus tarantula, is a species of dung beetle found in Sri Lanka.

text:
# Neosisyphus tarantula

***Neosisyphus tarantula***, is a species of dung beetle found in Sri Lanka.

## Description

This oval, very convex species has an average length of about 11 mm. Body black and shiny. Head and pronotum feebly coppery. Dorsum covered with dark hooked setae. It has very long posterior legs. Head strongly and fairly closely punctured. Clypeus possess two small acute teeth at the front margin. Pronotum finely and very sparsely punctured. Elytra bear shallow punctured striae. Pygidium shiny and strongly but sparsely punctured.

## InfoBox

| *Neosisyphus tarantula* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Superfamily: | Cucujoidea |
| Family: | Scarabaeidae |
| Subfamily: | Scarabaeinae |
| Genus: | *Neosisyphus* |
| Species: | ***N. tarantula*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Neosisyphus tarantula***<br>(Arrow, 1909) | |
|


title: Nee Tata Naa Birla

abstract: Nee Tata Naa Birla is a 2008 Indian Kannada-language comedy film directed and scripted by Nagendra Magadi. The film has an ensemble cast including V. Ravichandran, Jaggesh, Pooja Gandhi, Jennifer Kotwal, Nikita Thukral and Keerthi Chawla in the leading roles. It is based on the 1985 Malayalam movie Boeing Boeing. The film revolves around two con men who are experts at stealing from the rich and giving it to the poor. In this process, they are approached by a well known don who gives them a deal of wooing two young girls, who work for the bank. The assignment is to get the code numbers from both the girls and loot the money from the bank. The film takes on the comical track about how the men succeed in their assignment and how they face their real families.

text:
# Nee Tata Naa Birla

***Nee Tata Naa Birla*** (transl.You are Tata, I am Birla) is a 2008 Indian Kannada-language comedy film directed and scripted by Nagendra Magadi. The film has an ensemble cast including V. Ravichandran, Jaggesh, Pooja Gandhi, Jennifer Kotwal, Nikita Thukral and Keerthi Chawla in the leading roles. It is based on the 1985 Malayalam movie *Boeing Boeing*.

The film revolves around two con men (Ravichandran and Jaggesh) who are experts at stealing from the rich and giving it to the poor. In this process, they are approached by a well known don who gives them a deal of wooing two young girls, who work for the bank. The assignment is to get the code numbers from both the girls and loot the money from the bank. The film takes on the comical track about how the men succeed in their assignment and how they face their real families.

## Cast

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Gurukiran and lyrics written by V. Manohar and Hrudaya Shiva. A total of 5 tracks have been composed for the film and the audio rights brought by Skanda Audio.

Track listing
| No. | Title | Lyrics | Singer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Yardo Duddu" | V. Manohar | Karthik, Chaitra H. G. | 04:35 |
| 2. | "Mutthu Kodala" | Hrudaya Shiva | Rajesh Krishnan, K. S. Chithra | 04:34 |
| 3. | "Sakha Sakhi" | V. Manohar | Gurukiran, Chaitra H. G. | 04:18 |
| 4. | "Yavva Yavva" | V. Manohar | Usha Uthup, Malgudi Subha, Gurukiran | 04:03 |
| 5. | "Nee Tata Naa Birla" | V. Manohar | Hemanth Kumar, Gurukiran, Shamitha Malnad | 04:31 |

## Reception

### Critical response

R G Vijayasarathy of *Rediff.com* scored the film at 1.5 out of 5 stars and wrote "Ravichandran's comedy timing is always perfect, and he shines in here too though the same cannot be said of a repetitious Jaggesh. Jennifer and Pooja Gandhi are seen mostly in song and dance sequences. The other girls just come and go. Only a fan of Ravichandran and Jaggesh will call this even a time pass film". *Sify* wrote "The theme is absolutely worn out and comedy scenes are shabby. Director Nagendra Magadi Pandu also known for comedy flicks has consumed a lot of time to tell the same old story. The novelty is missing in this film. Every scene in the film is predictable".

## InfoBox

| Nee Tata Naa Birla | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Nagendra Magadi |
| Based on | *Boeing Boeing*
by Priyadarshan |
| Produced by | D. Ravikumar |
| Starring | V. Ravichandran
Jaggesh
Pooja Gandhi
Jennifer Kotwal
Urvashi
Nikita Thukral
Keerthi Chawla |
| Cinematography | Ramesh Babu |
| Edited by | Lakshman Reddy |
| Music by | Gurukiran |
| Production
company | Mother India Movie Tone |
| Release date | * 27 June 2008 (2008-06-27) |
| Running time | 152 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Kannada |


title: Nei Lak Shan

abstract: Nei Lak Shan is the eighth highest mountain in Hong Kong. With a height of 751 m (2,464 ft), it is situated on Lantau Island immediately north of Ngong Ping where the Buddhist Po Lin Monastery is located. An angle station of the Ngong Ping 360 cable car is located near Nei Lak Shan.

text:
# Nei Lak Shan

| Nei Lak Shan | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 彌勒山 |
| Transcriptions  Yue: Cantonese  Yale Romanization Mèih lahk sāan  Jyutping Mei4 lak6 saan1 | |
|  | |

**Nei Lak Shan** (Chinese: 彌勒山) is the eighth highest mountain in Hong Kong. With a height of 751 m (2,464 ft), it is situated on Lantau Island immediately north of Ngong Ping where the Buddhist Po Lin Monastery is located.

An angle station of the Ngong Ping 360 cable car is located near Nei Lak Shan.

## Name

The Cantonese name *Nei Lak Shan, or prescriptively Mei Lak Shan* (Chinese: 彌勒山; Jyutping: Mei4 Lak6 Saan1) is a translation of Maitreya, the future Buddha, in Buddhism. The mountain can therefore be loosely translated as "Buddha Mountain". It is situated close to the Tian Tan Buddha at Ngong Ping.

1. "Ch 15 - LVIA". *www.epd.gov.hk*. Retrieved 4 November 2019.

## InfoBox

| Nei Lak Shan | |
| --- | --- |
| 彌勒山 | |
| View of Nei Lak Shan from Po Lin Monastery Paifang's Parking lot. | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 751 m (2,464 ft) |
| Coordinates | 22°15′47″N 113°54′40″E / 22.263174°N 113.911099°E / 22.263174; 113.911099 |
| Geography | |
| Nei Lak ShanLocation of Nei Lak Shan in  Hong Kong | |
| Location | Southern Lantau Island, Hong Kong |


title: Needle's Eye Wilderness

abstract: Needle's Eye Wilderness is an 8,760-acre (35.5 km⁲) wilderness area located approximately 20 miles (32 km) southeast of the town of Globe in Gila County in the U.S. state of Arizona.

text:
# Needle's Eye Wilderness

**Needle's Eye Wilderness** is an 8,760-acre (35.5 km2) wilderness area located approximately 20 miles (32 km) southeast of the town of Globe in Gila County in the U.S. state of Arizona.

## Topography

The Mescal Mountains run northwest across the center of Needle's Eye Wilderness. The southwest flank of the range forms a dip slope of Paleozoic limestone more than 2,500 feet (762.0 m) high. The Gila River forms the Wilderness area's southern boundary as it cuts through the mountains in three narrow, 1,000-foot (304.8 m) deep canyons known as the Needle's Eye. A deep riparian zone covers the narrow river channel, forming the southern boundary of this area. Several small slickrock canyons bisect the Wilderness and connect to the Gila River.

## Access

Needle's Eye Wilderness is surrounded by the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation to the north and south, and private lands to the east and west. Visitors must obtain permission in advance to access the Wilderness.

## InfoBox

| Needle's Eye Wilderness | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category Ib (wilderness area) | |
|  | |
| Location | Gila County, Arizona, USA |
| Nearest city | Globe, Arizona |
| Coordinates | 33°09′08″N 110°36′47″W / 33.15222°N 110.61306°W / 33.15222; -110.61306 |
| Area | 8,760 acres (35.5 km2) |
| Established | 1990 |
| Governing body | U.S. Bureau of Land Management |


title: Özer Türkmen

abstract: Özer Türkmen was the head of the army of the TRNC. He had served in the Military of Northern Cyprus since its establishment on 27 June 1976, until he left the army on 8 September 1996 at the age of 57. From 27 June 1976 until 23 November 1978, he served as lieutenant colonel in charge of the 9th battalion. From 24 November 1978 until 19 August 1981, he served as colonel and was in charge of the 3rd battalion from 24 November 1978 until 14 March 1980, and in charge of the 1st battalion from 15 March 1980 until 19 August 1981. From 20 August 1981 until 18 February 1985 he served as brigadier general, in charge of the second brigade from 20 August 1981 until 27 September 1983, and head of the first brigade from 28 September 1983 until 18 February 1985. From 19 February 1985 until 8 September 1996 he served as major general and head of the only division in the army of the TRNC.

text:
# Özer Türkmen

**Özer Türkmen** was the head of the army of the TRNC (Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus). He had served in the Military of Northern Cyprus since its establishment on 27 June 1976, until he left the army on 8 September 1996 at the age of 57. From 27 June 1976 until 23 November 1978, he served as lieutenant colonel in charge of the 9th battalion. From 24 November 1978 until 19 August 1981, he served as colonel and was in charge of the 3rd battalion from 24 November 1978 until 14 March 1980, and in charge of the 1st battalion from 15 March 1980 until 19 August 1981. From 20 August 1981 until 18 February 1985 he served as brigadier general, in charge of the second brigade from 20 August 1981 until 27 September 1983, and head of the first brigade from 28 September 1983 until 18 February 1985. From 19 February 1985 until 8 September 1996 he served as major general and head of the only division in the army of the TRNC.


title: Örkelljunga Municipality

abstract: Örkelljunga Municipality is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. Its seat is located in the town Örkelljunga. The present municipality was formed in 1971 through the amalgamation of "old" Örkelljunga with Skånes-Fagerhult. In sports, there is one team of national recognition and the pride of the town: Örkelljunga Volleybollklubb. Usually both the male and female teams are top contestant in the highest national league; having won it on several occasions. Within the municipal borders is also a renowned golf course.

text:
# Örkelljunga Municipality

**Örkelljunga Municipality** (*Örkelljunga kommun*) is a municipality in Skåne County in southern Sweden. Its seat is located in the town Örkelljunga.

The present municipality was formed in 1971 through the amalgamation of "old" *Örkelljunga* with *Skånes-Fagerhult*.

In sports, there is one team of national recognition and the pride of the town: Örkelljunga Volleybollklubb. Usually both the male and female teams are top contestant in the highest national league; having won it on several occasions. Within the municipal borders is also a renowned golf course.

## Geography

Geographically, Örkelljunga Municipality is situated in north-western Scania on the border to the provinces Halland and Småland. These parts of Scania are notable for a varied terrain of leaf woods, farming areas and small lakes.

The closest large city is Helsingborg on the west coast, less than half an hour car drive away.

### Localities

There are 4 urban areas (also called a Tätort or locality) in Örkelljunga Municipality.

In the table they are listed according to the size of the population as of December 31, 2005. The municipal seat is in bold characters.

| # | Locality | Population |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **Örkelljunga** | 4,574 |
| 2 | Skånes-Fagerhult | 854 |
| 3 | Åsljunga | 690 |
| 4 | Eket | 448 |

## Demographics

This is a demographic table based on Örkelljunga Municipality's electoral districts in the 2022 Swedish general election sourced from SVT's election platform, in turn taken from SCB official statistics.

In total there were 10,482 residents, including 7,651 Swedish citizens of voting age. 30.7% voted for the left coalition and 67.2% for the right coalition. Indicators are in percentage points except population totals and income.

## InfoBox

| Örkelljunga Municipality *Örkelljunga kommun* | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Coordinates: 56°17′N 13°17′E / 56.283°N 13.283°E / 56.283; 13.283 | |
| Country | Sweden |
| County | Skåne County |
| Seat | Örkelljunga |
| Area | |
| Total | 329.7 km2 (127.3 sq mi) |
| Land | 319.55 km2 (123.38 sq mi) |
| Water | 10.15 km2 (3.92 sq mi) |
|  | Area as of 1 January 2014. |
| Population (31 December 2023) | |
| Total | 10,433 |
| Density | 32/km2 (82/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| ISO 3166 code | SE |
| Province | Scania |
| Municipal code | 1257 |
| Website | www.orkelljunga.se |


title: Neogamasellevans brevisetosa

abstract: Neogamasellevans brevisetosa is a species of mite in the family Ologamasidae.

text:
# Neogamasellevans brevisetosa

***Neogamasellevans brevisetosa*** is a species of mite in the family Ologamasidae.

## InfoBox

| *Neogamasellevans brevisetosa* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Mesostigmata |
| Family: | Ologamasidae |
| Genus: | *Neogamasellevans* |
| Species: | ***N. brevisetosa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Neogamasellevans brevisetosa***<br>Karg, 1997 | |
|


title: Óshyrna

abstract: Óshyrna is a mountain in the Westfjords in Iceland. It is the outermost part of the mountain slope between Ísafjörður and Bolungarvík. The old road to Bolungarvík lies between Óshyrna and the ocean. The Óshlíð road is one of Iceland's most dangerous roads because of frequent avalanches and rock falls. The road has four emergency shelters along its route.

text:
# Óshyrna

**Óshyrna** (Icelandic pronunciation: \[ˈousˌhɪ(r)tna\] ) is a mountain in the Westfjords in Iceland. It is the outermost part of the mountain slope between Ísafjörður and Bolungarvík. The old road to Bolungarvík lies between Óshyrna and the ocean. The Óshlíð \[ˈousˌl̥iːθ\] road is one of Iceland's most dangerous roads because of frequent avalanches and rock falls. The road has four emergency shelters along its route.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Óshyrna | |
| --- | --- |
| Mount Óshyrna in Bolungarvík | |
| Geography | |
|  | |
| Location | Westfjords, Iceland |


title: × Ascocenda

abstract: × Ascocenda, abbreviated as Ascda in the horticultural trade, was a human-made hybrid orchid genus resulting from a cross between the former genus Ascocentrum and Vanda. It was first described in Orchid Rev. 57: 172 (1949). Ascocentrum is now synonymous with Vanda, so the name is obsolete. Hybrids in the nothogenus × Ascocenda are now properly termed Vanda. × Ascocenda hybrids are common in cultivation with numerous cultivars and often combine the large flower size of the Vanda parents with the color and compactness of the Ascocentrum parents. They are evergreen compact epiphytes with upright, narrow, oviform leaves. The inflorescence is an axillary cluster with 6 to 8 open flowers. They bloom twice or sometimes three times a year with long lasting flowers. The flowers are brightly colored, often overlaid with contrasting colors.

text:
# × Ascocenda

**× *Ascocenda***, abbreviated as **Ascda** in the horticultural trade, was a human-made hybrid orchid genus resulting from a cross between the former genus *Ascocentrum* and *Vanda* (Asctm × V). It was first described in Orchid Rev. 57: 172 (1949). *Ascocentrum* is now synonymous with *Vanda*, so the name is obsolete. Hybrids in the nothogenus × *Ascocenda* are now properly termed *Vanda*.

× *Ascocenda* hybrids are common in cultivation with numerous cultivars and often combine the large flower size of the *Vanda* parents with the color and compactness of the *Ascocentrum* parents.

They are evergreen compact epiphytes with upright, narrow, oviform leaves. The inflorescence is an axillary cluster with 6 to 8 open flowers. They bloom twice or sometimes three times a year with long lasting flowers. The flowers are brightly colored, often overlaid with contrasting colors.

* David L. Grove, *et al.* : Vandas and Ascocendas and Their Combinations With Other Genera (1995) ISBN 0-88192-316-8


title: × Beallara

abstract: × Beallara, abbreviated Bllra. in the horticultural trade, is the nothogenus for intergeneric hybrids between the orchid genera Brassia, Cochlioda, Miltonia and Odontoglossum. As Cochlioda and Odontoglossum have been synonymized with Oncidium, the current genera involved are Brassia x Miltonia × Oncidium = × Aliceara.

text:
# × Beallara

**× *Beallara***, abbreviated **Bllra.** in the horticultural trade, is the nothogenus for intergeneric hybrids between the orchid genera *Brassia*, *Cochlioda*, *Miltonia* and *Odontoglossum* (Brs. x Cda. x Milt. x Odm.). As *Cochlioda* and *Odontoglossum* have been synonymized with *Oncidium*, the current genera involved are *Brassia* x *Miltonia* × *Oncidium* = × *Aliceara*.

## Description

This plant has a branched stem that grows to about 150 centimetres (59 in) in height. The leaves are elongated and lanceolate, reaching about 60 centimetres (24 in) of length. The flowers are numerous, about 14 to 16, and last long, between 20 and 30 days. It has fleshy large pseudobulbs. These orchids are commonly cultivated in greenhouses for ornamental purposes, resulting in a huge variety of cultivars of different colors.

Media related to × Beallara at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| × *Beallara* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| × *Beallara* Marfitch Howards Dream | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| (unranked): | Angiosperms |
| (unranked): | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Tribe: | Cymbidieae |
| Subtribe: | Oncidiinae |
| Genus: | **× *Beallara***<br>Moir & M. Wreford 1970 |
|


title: Mirsad Türkcan

abstract: Mirsad Türkcan is a Turkish former professional basketball player of Bosniak origin. Standing at a height of 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m), he played at the power forward position. A three-time All-EuroLeague Team member, he is also the fifth best rebounder in the EuroLeague, since the year 2000, with 1,287 total rebounds. Born in Novi Pazar, SR Serbia, he moved to play basketball in Turkey. At the same time, he also obtained Turkish citizenship, and started playing international basketball with the senior Turkey national team. In 1999, he became the first Turkish basketball player to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA). In the EuroLeague, Türkcan amassed total of 50 double doubles, and is one of only three players since the year 2000, to record a 20-point, 20-rebound game. He led the EuroLeague in rebounding five times. He was nominated for the EuroLeague 2001–10 All-Decade Team, but he did not make the final list. He became a EuroLeague Legend in 2017.

text:
# Mirsad Türkcan

**Mirsad Türkcan** (born **Mirsad Jahović**, Serbian Cyrillic: Мирсад Јаховић; on June 7, 1976) is a Turkish former professional basketball player of Bosniak origin. Standing at a height of 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m), he played at the power forward position. A three-time All-EuroLeague Team member, he is also the fifth best rebounder in the EuroLeague, since the year 2000, with 1,287 total rebounds.

Born in Novi Pazar, SR Serbia, he moved to play basketball in Turkey. At the same time, he also obtained Turkish citizenship, and started playing international basketball with the senior Turkey national team. In 1999, he became the first Turkish basketball player to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA).

In the EuroLeague, Türkcan amassed total of 50 double doubles, and is one of only three players since the year 2000, to record a 20-point, 20-rebound game (27 points and 23 rebounds). He led the EuroLeague in rebounding five times. He was nominated for the EuroLeague 2001–10 All-Decade Team, but he did not make the final list. He became a EuroLeague Legend in 2017.

## Professional career

### Early years

Türkcan grew up with Efes Pilsen's junior teams, and he made his professional debut with the Efes Pilsen senior men's team, during the 1994–95 season. He won two Turkish Super League championships, in the 1995–96 and 1996–97 seasons with Efes.

### NBA

Türkcan was selected by the Houston Rockets in the 1998 NBA draft. A few days after the draft night, he said in an interview: "This is a big step for me, but I played in Turkey, and I am the first Turkish player to come into the NBA. This is very important for me, for my family, and for my country." Because of the 1998–99 NBA lockout, he returned to Istanbul, continuing to play for Efes Pilsen. Later, his rights were traded to the Philadelphia 76ers, in January 1999, and then to the New York Knicks, in March. He eventually signed with the Knicks, and debuted in the 1999–00 season, in which he played in only 7 games. After being waived in February 2000, he finished his NBA adventure by playing 10 games for the Milwaukee Bucks.

### Return to Europe

In January 2001, Türkcan moved to France, signing for the remainder of the season with Paris Basket Racing. He then signed a contract with the Russian club CSKA Moscow, for the 2001–02 season. He signed a contract with the Italian club Montepaschi Siena, for the 2002–03 season. He moved back to Russia for the 2003–04 season, being again signed by CSKA Moscow. Türkcan then played with Dynamo Moscow of the Russian Championship, in the 2004–05 season.

In the summer of 2006, he signed a contract with the Turkish team Fenerbahçe. During the EuroLeague 2008–09 season, he became the first basketball player to amass at least 1,000 total rebounds in the EuroLeague, since the start of the 2000–01 season. In the summer of 2009, he extended his contract with the Turkish club for the next two seasons. In February 2011, Türkcan ruptured the anterior cruciate ligaments in his left knee, during the Turkish Cup final, and because of that, he missed the rest of the season.

In July 2012, it was reported that Türkcan would announce his retirement, after 19 years of playing professional basketball. Türkcan ended his playing career with a farewell exhibition game, in September 2012.

## Career statistics

Legend
| GP | Games played | GS | Games started | MPG | Minutes per game |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FG% | Field-goal percentage | 3P% | 3-point field-goal percentage | FT% | Free-throw percentage |
| RPG | Rebounds per game | APG | Assists per game | SPG | Steals per game |
| BPG | Blocks per game | PPG | Points per game | PIR | Performance Index Rating |
| **Bold** | Career high |

### NBA

#### Regular season

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1999–2000 | New York | 7 | 0 | 3.6 | .200 | .000 | .000 | 1.4 | .1 | **.3** | .0 | .6 |
| | Milwaukee | **10** | 0 | **6.5** | **.429** | .000 | **.625** | **2.3** | **.4** | .1 | **.1** | **2.9** |
| Career | | 17 | 0 | 5.3 | .368 | .000 | .625 | 1.9 | .3 | .2 | .1 | 1.9 |

#### Playoffs

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1999 | Milwaukee | 2 | 0 | 5.0 | .200 | .000 | 1.000 | 1.0 | .0 | .0 | .0 | 2.0 |
| Career | | 2 | 0 | 5.0 | .200 | .000 | 1.000 | 1.0 | .0 | .0 | .0 | 2.0 |

### EuroLeague

| * | Led the league |
| --- | --- |

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG | PIR |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2001–02 | CSKA Moscow | 17 | 15 | 33.6 | .517 | .333 | .709 | **12.8*** | **2.1** | 1.2 | **1.2** | **17.6** | **25.8*** |
| 2002–03 | Mens Sana | **21** | **21** | **35.6** | **.520** | .473 | .707 | 11.8\* | **2.1** | **2.1** | .8 | 14.6 | 24.0\* |
| 2003–04 | CSKA Moscow | 20 | 18 | 25.6 | .443 | .245 | .681 | 10.4 | 1.1 | .8 | .3 | 9.9 | 17.4 |
| 2005–06 | Ülkerspor | 16 | 11 | 29.7 | .451 | .320 | .768 | 8.9\* | 1.5 | 1.4 | .5 | 11.7 | 17.3 |
| 2006–07 | Fenerbahçe | 11 | 10 | 25.9 | .419 | .231 | .750 | 9.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | .6 | 8.1 | 14.5 |
| 2007–08 | | 12 | 7 | 27.2 | .436 | .241 | .793 | 9.2 | 1.3 | .6 | .8 | 9.8 | 14.7 |
| 2008–09 | | 14 | 11 | 27.4 | .489 | **.513** | .833 | 8.6\* | 1.1 | .6 | .4 | 15.4 | 19.4 |
| 2009–10 | | 1 | 0 | 10.3 | .250 | .000 |  | 2.0 |  |  |  | 2.0 | 0.0 |
| 2010–11 | | 12 | 0 | 21.0 | .474 | .361 | .400 | 7.3\* | .8 | .8 | .2 | 7.9 | 11.8 |
| 2011–12 | | 5 | 0 | 16.8 | .316 | .200 | **1.000** | 9.6 | 1.0 | .4 |  | 3.4 | 9.6 |
| Career | | 129 | 94 | 28.5 | .474 | .345 | .726 | 10.0 | 1.4 | 1.1 | .6 | 11.8 | 18.3 |

## National team career

Türkcan was a member of the senior Turkey national team that won the silver medal at the EuroBasket 2001. He also played with Turkey's senior national team at the following major international tournaments: the EuroBasket 1995, the EuroBasket 1997, the EuroBasket 1999, the 2002 FIBA World Championship, the EuroBasket 2003, and the EuroBasket 2005.

## Personal life

Mirsad Jahović was born in Novi Pazar, Serbia to Bosniak parents. He is known for various philanthropic and humanitarian activities in his hometown. His sister, Emina Jahović, is a pop singer, and the former wife of singer Mustafa Sandal. Türkcan is known to have financially helped jump start her recording career.

On December 18, 2005, Mirsad married then 19-year-old Dina Džanković, his girlfriend of the time of five months, and the 2005 Miss Serbia and Montenegro. They have three children together; two girls, Naba and Karia, and a boy, Nusret. The couple divorced in 2012. In 2015, Mirsad married Dušica Drljević, who gave birth to their son, Rejjan Mete, the same year.

## Awards and accomplishments

### Professional career

### Individual

| a. | Serbian spelling: Мирсад Туркџан, *Mirsad Turkdžan*. He was born as Мирсад Јаховић, *Mirsad Jahović*. |
| --- | --- |

## InfoBox

Mirsad Türkcan
| Türkcan with Fenerbahçe, in 2012. | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1976-06-07) June 7, 1976<br>Novi Pazar, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia |
| Nationality | Turkish / Serbian |
| Listed height | 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) |
| Listed weight | 250 lb (113 kg) |
| Career information | |
| NBA draft | 1998: 1st round, 18th overall pick |
| Selected by the Houston Rockets | |
| Playing career | 1994–2012 |
| Position | Power forward |
| Number | 6, 16 |
| Career history | |
| 1994–1999 | Efes Pilsen |
| 1999–2000 | New York Knicks |
| 2000 | Milwaukee Bucks |
| 2000–2001 | Paris Basket Racing |
| 2001–2002 | CSKA Moscow |
| 2002–2003 | Montepaschi Siena |
| 2003–2004 | CSKA Moscow |
| 2004–2005 | Dynamo Moscow |
| 2005–2006 | Ülkerspor |
| 2006–2012 | Fenerbahçe |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Stats  at NBA.com | |
| Stats  at Basketball-Reference.com | |
| Medals      Men's basketball  Representing  Turkey  FIBA EuroBasket  2001 Turkey | |


title: Minor civil division

abstract: A minor civil division (MCD) is a term used by the United States Census Bureau for primary governmental and/or administrative divisions of a county or county-equivalent, typically a municipal government such as a city, town, or civil township. MCDs are used for statistical purposes by the Census Bureau, and do not necessarily represent the primary form of local government. They range from non-governing geographical survey areas to municipalities with weak or strong powers of self-government. Some states with large unincorporated areas give substantial powers to counties; others have smaller or larger incorporated entities with governmental powers that are smaller than the MCD level chosen by the Census. As of 2010, MCDs exist in 29 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. In all other states where state-defined entities are not used for census purposes, the Census Bureau designates Census County Divisions (CCDs). For several decennial censuses prior to the 2010 census, 28 states used MCDs, but in 2008, Tennessee changed from CCDs to MCDs, bringing the total number of MCD states to 29. In states that use MCDs, when any land or water is not covered by a state-defined MCD, the Census Bureau creates additional entities as unorganized territories, that it treats as equivalent to MCDs for statistical purposes. Because MCDs are used to divide up counties, when a MCD-level municipality or unallocated territory or water spans county boundaries, that entity's boundaries are used to create multiple MCDs, one for each county. For water areas unallocated to any MCD, the Census Bureau assigns a default FIPS county subdivision code of 00000 and an ANSI code of eight zeroes. This typically happens when state and county boundaries extend into the ocean or Great Lakes, but MCDs are not defined by the state for the unoccupied water.

text:
# Minor civil division

A **minor civil division** (MCD) is a term used by the United States Census Bureau for primary governmental and/or administrative divisions of a county or county-equivalent, typically a municipal government such as a city, town, or civil township. MCDs are used for statistical purposes by the Census Bureau, and do not necessarily represent the primary form of local government. They range from non-governing geographical survey areas to municipalities with weak or strong powers of self-government. Some states with large unincorporated areas give substantial powers to counties; others have smaller or larger incorporated entities with governmental powers that are smaller than the MCD level chosen by the Census.

As of 2010, MCDs exist in 29 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. In all other states where state-defined entities are not used for census purposes (mostly in the South and the West), the Census Bureau designates Census County Divisions (CCDs). For several decennial censuses prior to the 2010 census, 28 states used MCDs, but in 2008, Tennessee changed from CCDs to MCDs, bringing the total number of MCD states to 29.

In states that use MCDs, when any land or water is not covered by a state-defined MCD, the Census Bureau creates additional entities as unorganized territories, that it treats as equivalent to MCDs for statistical purposes. Because MCDs are used to divide up counties, when a MCD-level municipality or unallocated territory or water spans county boundaries, that entity's boundaries are used to create multiple MCDs, one for each county. For water areas unallocated to any MCD, the Census Bureau assigns a default FIPS county subdivision code of 00000 and an ANSI code of eight zeroes. This typically happens when state and county boundaries extend into the ocean or Great Lakes, but MCDs are not defined by the state for the unoccupied water. (For the ocean boundary of state vs. federal responsibility, see Tidelands.)

## Minor civil divisions by state and territory

The United States also performs a census for the Republic of Palau, which has an agreement of free association. The U.S. Census considers all of Palau a county equivalent, and uses its states (formerly known as municipalities) as MCDs.


title: Miss Heritage 2014

abstract: Miss Heritage 2014 was the second Miss Heritage pageant, held at the Silver Star Hotel and Casino in Johannesburg, South Africa, on December 20, 2014. Shequera Grace King of The Bahamas crowned Odessa Mae Tadaya of the Philippines at the end of the event.

text:
# Miss Heritage 2014

**Miss Heritage 2014** was the second Miss Heritage pageant, held at the Silver Star Hotel and Casino in Johannesburg, South Africa, on December 20, 2014.

Shequera Grace King of The Bahamas crowned Odessa Mae Tadaya of the Philippines at the end of the event.

## Results

### Placements

| Placement | Contestant |
| --- | --- |
| **Miss Heritage 2014** |  |
| 1st Runner-Up |  |
| 2nd Runner-Up |  |
| 3rd Runner-Up |  |
| 4th Runner-Up |  |

### Continental Queens

| Continent | Contestant |
| --- | --- |
| Miss Heritage Africa |  |
| Miss Heritage Asia | * India – Avneet Kaur Arora |
| Miss Heritage Europe |  |
| Miss Heritage South America |  |
| Miss Heritage North America |  |

## Contestants

| Country | Contestant | Age | Hometown |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Algeria** | Nassima Marwa Aid | 23 | Algeria |
| **Argentina** | Sofia Pomo | 21 | Argentina |
| **Australia** | Jennifer Hunt | 25 | New South Wales |
| **Bangladesh** | Fatimatu Zohra Etisha | 20 | Dhaka |
| **Belize** | Jessel Lauriano | 26 | Belize |
| **Belgium** | Jennifer Den Haese |  | Belgium |
| **Botswana** | Katlego Gaotsenelelwe | 20 | Gaborone |
| **Belarus** | Iana Fedoseeva | 20 | Tula |
| **Cameroon** | Florence Épée Ngasse | 21 | Yaounde |
| **Canary Islands** | Mishela Batista | 27 | Canarias Espana |
| **Crimea** | Skrylkova Ekaterina | 20 | Tula |
| **Ecuador** | Maria Jose Otavalo Quizhpe | 18 | Cuenca |
| **Ethiopia** | Genet Tsegay | 23 | Addis Ababa |
| **Ghana** | Zina Asiedu | 26 | Accra |
| **Guadeloupe** | Anaïs Modeste | 18 | Trois-Rivières |
| **Iceland** | Unnur Zodiak | 18 | Iceland City |
| **India** | Avneet Kaur Arora | 19 | New Delhi |
| **Indonesia** | Rakhmi Wijiharti | 21 | Semarang |
| **Italy** | Olga Matsyana | 24 | Rome |
| **Ivory Coast** | Reine Victoire Aka | 21 | Abidjan |
| **Kyrgyzstan** | Rannat Aitalieva | 25 | Kyrgyzstan |
| **Lebanon** | Mirna Olleik | 28 | Beirut |
| **Mauritius** | Dona Charun | 21 | Port Louis |
| **Mexico** | Andrea Celeste |  | Chiapas |
| **Morocco** | Saloua Bouchaib | 28 | Marrakesh |
| **Namibia** | Magdelena Weef Geaorge | 20 | Windhoek |
| **New Zealand** | Paige Thiyagarajah | 21 | Auckland |
| **Netherlands** | Joyce Jansen |  | Netherlands |
| **Nigeria** | Kehinde Mojisola | 22 | Lagos |
| **Poland** | Natalia Janoszek | 24 | Bielsko-Biała |
| **Portugal** | Raquel Fonte | 22 | Lisbon |
| **Philippines** | **Odessa Mae Tadaya** | 18 | Guimba |
| **Romania** | Burca Monica | 27 | Bucharest |
| **Russia** | Kristina Kuzovnikova | 20 | Tula |
| **Rwanda** | Marlene Mutoniwase | 22 | Kigali |
| **Spain** | Laura Illanas | 21 | Spain |
| **Saint Vincent and the Grenadines** | Anna La Borde | 25 | Kingstown |
| **South Africa** | Kgomotso Caroline Angel Pilane |  |  |
| **Swaziland** | Phumzile Thwala | 23 | Mbabane |
| **United States** | Michelle Cooper | 20 | San Diego |
| **Uganda** | Aiysha Nagudi | 26 | Kampala |
| **Vietnam** | Pearlynn Dang | 18 | California |
| **Zambia** | Tina Shinga | 22 | Lusaka |
| **Zimbabwe** | Tendai Rukwava | 25 | Harare |

### Crowned Queens at national pageants

Miss Heritage Rwanda Marlene Mutoniwase was crowned on 20 February at the Miss Rwanda Pageant .

Miss Heritage Swaziland Phumzile Thwala was crowned in September 2013.

Miss Heritage Philippines Odessa Mae Tadaya was crowned as the official delegate for Philippines for Miss Heritage 2014.

Miss Heritage India Avneet Kaur Arora was crowned as the official delegate of India for Miss Heritage 2014.

## Heritage Championship events

### Ludo-diversity Queen

Ludo Diversity means diversity in games, of all sorts, physical and non physical. Contestants engage into traditional games, from different countries. Traditional games are part of intangible heritage and a symbol of the cultural diversity in the world. They are medium to project and show the great values of solidarity, diversity, inclusiveness and cultural awareness.

Game 1- Iintonga is a South African ancient Indigenous Game.

This game is an ancient game that has been practiced for many centuries in South AfricaTwo fighters go into a ring. Each contestant will be having two plastic form rubber sticks, the attack and the defense stick. The referee blows a whistle to start the game and the fighters try to hit their opponent with their stick, while defending themselves with the defense stick. Points are given due to number of blows that hit the fighter’s body. A referee controls the match and a timekeeper controls the rounds in each bout. A bout consists of three rounds of one minute each.

| Result | Contestant |
| --- | --- |
| Winner | * Rwanda – Marlene Mutoniwase |
| 1st runner-up |  |
| 2nd runner-up | * India – Avneet Kaur Arora |

### Heritage Cuisine Queen

This competition is a Gift performance show, ie Talent in layman’s terms. It is based on gifts/talents that are Traditional, Heritage themed depending per country. So each contestant shows off her country’s culture through the heritage performance. Contestants shall also be put into two groups’ whereby they are required to produce a 5 minute Drama /Play per group which Portrays World Heritage related Issues.

**Winner**

**1st runner up**

* India  -Avneet Kaur Arora

**2nd runner up**

## InfoBox

| Miss Heritage 2014 | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | December 20, 2014 |
| Venue | Silver Star Hotel and Casino, Johannesburg, South Africa |
| Entrants | 42 |
| Placements | 10 |
| Debuts |  |
| Withdrawals | Pakistan |
| Winner | **Odessa Mae Tadaya**<br>**Philippines** |
|


title: Mirosław Piękoś

abstract: Mirosław Piękoś is a Polish former footballer who played as a midfielder.

text:
# Mirosław Piękoś

**Mirosław Piękoś** (born 18 May 1963) is a Polish former footballer who played as a midfielder.

## Career

Piękoś played in the Ekstraklasa with Stal Mielec during the 1986–87 season. In 1988, he played abroad in the Canadian Soccer League with North York Rockets. The following season he signed with league rivals Ottawa Intrepid. After a season with Ottawa, he was transferred to Kitchener Spirit for the 1990 season. In 1991, he was traded to his former club North York Rockets for future considerations.

In July 1991, he was placed on waivers with Hamilton Steelers signing him, and appeared in four matches. In 1993, he played in the Canadian National Soccer League with Richmond Hill Kick.

1. "Mirosław Piękoś". *www.90minut.pl*. Retrieved 2021-12-22.
2. "PIĘKOŚ Mirosław". *Łączy Nas Reprezentacja* (in Polish). Retrieved 2021-12-22.
3. Laskaris, Sam (September 27, 1988). "Rockets coach can take credit for turnaround". *Toronto Star*. p. N26.
4. Linke, Rob (May 12, 1989). "Intrepid snag striker Eck". *Ottawa Citizen*. p. D2.
5. Warren, Ken (May 28, 1990). "Mistakes prove costly to Intrepid". *Ottawa Citizen*. p. D3.
6. "Spirit reduces prices, makes deal with minors". *Kitchener-Waterloo Record*. February 26, 1991. p. C1.
7. Cannon, Steve (July 13, 1991). "Ex-coach of Spirit is fired by Steelers". *Kitchener-Waterloo Record*. p. E2.
8. "Miroslav Piekos soccer Statistics on StatsCrew.com". *www.statscrew.com*. Retrieved 2021-12-22.
9. Da Costa, Norm (July 17, 1991). "Blizzard deal five for striker". *Toronto Star*. p. C4.
10. Laskaris, Sam (July 29, 1993). "Off-field battles continue to plague Kick soccer team". *Toronto Star*. p. NY4.

## InfoBox

Mirosław Piękoś
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1963-05-18) 18 May 1963 | | |
| Place of birth | Mielec, Poland | | |
| Height | 1.71 m (5 ft 7 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1986–1987 | Stal Mielec | 5 | (0) |
| 1988 | North York Rockets | 23 | (2) |
| 1989 | Ottawa Intrepid | 23 | (2) |
| 1990 | Kitchener Spirit | 24 | (1) |
| 1991 | North York Rockets | 7 | (0) |
| 1991 | Hamilton Steelers | 4 | (0) |
| 1993 | Richmond Hill Kick |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Mirosław Orzechowski

abstract: Mirosław Orzechowski is a Polish politician. He was elected to Sejm on 25 September 2005 getting 3474 votes in 9 Łódź district, as a candidate from the League of Polish Families list. In Jarosław Kaczyński's government he was a deputy minister of national education.

text:
# Mirosław Orzechowski

**Mirosław Orzechowski** (Polish pronunciation: \[mʲiˈrɔswav ɔʐɛˈxɔfskʲi\]; born 28 September 1957 in Łódź) is a Polish politician. He was elected to Sejm on 25 September 2005 getting 3474 votes in 9 Łódź district, as a candidate from the League of Polish Families list. In Jarosław Kaczyński's government he was a deputy minister of national education.

## Biography

Orzechowski promotes strong anti-homosexual views, being (together with Roman Giertych) a proponent of legislation banning any form of broadly defined *promotion of homosexuality and other deviations* in schools under threat of severe punishment - including imprisonment. He also actively pursues legislation banning any identified homosexual person from working with children in public education institutions of any level. He publicly confirmed his intentions of sacking any homosexual teacher during numerous interviews in Polish media on 15 March 2007, the strongest statement being aired by Radio Tok FM.

Orzechowski holds the theory of evolution to be false and wants to introduce teaching of creationism in schools. This led 1,135 Polish scientists to demand his dismissal as deputy minister of education.

On 25 March 2008, in an interview with TVN24, he publicly proposed the idea of prohibiting sex before the age of 18 and was supported by Ewa Sowińska in this matter. The idea was dropped from the debate after massive criticism.

In June 2008 he wrote a letter to the President of Poland Lech Kaczyński, calling for revoking Polish citizenship of soccer players taking part in matches against the Poland national team. However, pursuant to Article 34 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, Poles cannot lose their citizenship without their consent. When this was brought to his attention, he proposed to change the constitution so that playing in the national football team of any other country would be interpreted as an act of voluntarily abandoning Polish citizenship. The background of this proposal was Poland's defeat against Germany in the European Football Championship 2008. Lukas Podolski, whose family had left Poland when he was two and who never formally lost Polish citizenship, had scored both goals in this match.

Orzechowski ran for the Senate in the Krosno constituency by-election on 22 June 2008 but failed to gain enough votes.

On 6 March 2009 he had been charged with driving under the influence of alcohol. On 14 July 2009 he pleaded guilty to the charge and, subject to a plea agreement, he was ordered to pay a 5000 PLN fine, donate 500 PLN to a car accident relief charity and banned from driving any vehicles for three years.

1. *Wiceminister edukacji: Poradzimy sobie bez tolerancji*, Gazeta Wyborcza, October 14, 2006
2. *Pełna lista sygnatariuszy listu naukowców polskich do premiera*, Gazeta Wyborcza, December 4, 2006
3. Gazeta Wyborcza, Orzechowski chce teraz zmian w konstytucji, 2008-06-17
4. *Orzechowski bez prawa jazdy*, rp.pl z 14 lipca 2009

## InfoBox

| Mirosław Orzechowski | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| member of Sejm 2005-2007 | |
| **In office**<br>25 September 2005  2007 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1957-09-28) 28 September 1957 |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Political party | LPR (League of Polish Families) |
|  | |


title: Miss Grand Brazil 2019

abstract: Miss Grand Brazil 2019 was the second edition of the Miss Grand Brazil beauty pageant, held on February 28, 2019, at the Dall'Onder Grande Hotel in Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul. Twenty-two contestants, who qualified for the national stage through state contests held by the Concurso Nacional de Beleza, competed for the title, of whom a nutrition student and model resident of Mooca representing the state of São Paulo, Marjorie Marcelle, was elected the winner. She later represented Brazil at the Miss Grand International 2019 contest held that year on October 25 in Venezuela, and was named the fourth runner-up. The contest was showcased under the direction of Henrique and Marina Fusquine Fontes, presidents of the CNB Brazil, who have owned the Miss Grand Brazil license since 2015. The tournament's grand gala final was broadcast via Cartão de Visita, which is part of the news portal R7, one of the three most accessed in the country, as well as on the official Facebook page of its parent platform, Miss Grand International. The event was hosted by Sancler Frantz, Miss Brazil World 2013, and Beatrice Fontoura, Miss Brazil World 2016. Miss Grand International 2018 from Paraguay Clara Sosa, and the president of Miss Grand International Nawat Itsaragrisil, attended the competition since the pageant boot camp on February 26. The mayor of Bento Gonçalves Guilherme Pasin was present in the final event with the first lady, Cynthia Pasin, as well as the Secretary of Tourism of Bento Gonçalves, Rodrigo Ferri Parisotto.

text:
# Miss Grand Brazil 2019

| External videos | |
| --- | --- |
| Miss Grand Brazil 2019 Grand Final Competition, on February 28, 2019, Video on Internet Archive | |

**Miss Grand Brazil 2019** was the second edition of the Miss Grand Brazil beauty pageant, held on February 28, 2019, at the Dall'Onder Grande Hotel in Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul. Twenty-two contestants, who qualified for the national stage through state contests held by the Concurso Nacional de Beleza (CNB Brazil), competed for the title, of whom a nutrition student and model resident of Mooca representing the state of São Paulo, Marjorie Marcelle, was elected the winner. She later represented Brazil at the Miss Grand International 2019 contest held that year on October 25 in Venezuela, and was named the fourth runner-up.

The contest was showcased under the direction of Henrique and Marina Fusquine Fontes, presidents of the CNB Brazil, who have owned the Miss Grand Brazil license since 2015. The tournament's grand gala final was broadcast via Cartão de Visita, which is part of the news portal R7, one of the three most accessed in the country, as well as on the official Facebook page of its parent platform, Miss Grand International.

The event was hosted by Sancler Frantz, Miss Brazil World 2013, and Beatrice Fontoura, Miss Brazil World 2016. Miss Grand International 2018 from Paraguay Clara Sosa, and the president of Miss Grand International Nawat Itsaragrisil, attended the competition since the pageant boot camp on February 26. The mayor of Bento Gonçalves Guilherme Pasin was present in the final event with the first lady, Cynthia Pasin, as well as the Secretary of Tourism of Bento Gonçalves, Rodrigo Ferri Parisotto.

## Competition

In the grand final competition held on February 28, the results of the preliminary competition—which consisted of the swimsuit and evening gown competition and the closed-door interview—determined the 15 semifinalists. The top 15 competed in the swimsuit round and were narrowed down to the top 12, who then competed in the evening gown round and were further cut down to the last nine finalists. The nine qualified candidates delivered a speech related to the pageant campaign, "Stop wars and violence," which determined the last five semifinalists, who then competed in the question and answer portion. After this, Miss Grand Brazil 2019 and her four runners-up were announced.

## Result

### Main placement

| Position | Delegate |
| --- | --- |
| Miss Grand Brazil 2019 |  |
| 1st runner-up |  |
| 2nd runner-up | * Minas Gerais \- Lorraine Rodrigues\[α\] |
| 3rd runner-up |  |
| 4th runner-up |  |
| Top 9 |  |
| Top 12 |  |
| Top 15 |  |

### Special awards

| Award | Delegate |
| --- | --- |
|
| Miss Photogenic |  |
| Miss Popularity |  |
| Miss Cordialidad Dall'Onder |  |
| Best Body |  |
| Best Evening Gown |  |
| Best Social Network |  |
| Best Hair |  |

Note * Automatically qualified for the top 15 finalists after winning the fast tack, Miss Popularity.

## Contestants

Twenty-two contestants competed for the title of Miss Grand Brazil 2019.

## InfoBox

| Miss Grand Brazil 2019 | |
| --- | --- |
| Marjorie Marcelle of São Paulo, the winner of the contest | |
| Date | February 28, 2019 |
| Presenters |  |
| Venue | Dall'Onder Grande Hotel, Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul |
| Broadcaster |  |
| Entrants | 22 |
| Placements | 15 |
| Debuts |  |
| Withdrawals | Olímpia |
| Winner | Marjorie Marcelle
(São Paulo) |
| Photogenic | Isabelle Pandini
(Rio de Janeiro) |
|


title: Mitete District

abstract: Mitete District is a district of Zambia, located in Western Province. It was separated from Lukulu District in 2012. As of the 2022 Zambian Census, the district had a population of 39,641 people.

text:
# Mitete District

**Mitete District** is a district of Zambia, located in Western Province. It was separated from Lukulu District in 2012. As of the 2022 Zambian Census, the district had a population of 39,641 people.

15°00′S 22°30′E / 15.000°S 22.500°E / -15.000; 22.500

## InfoBox

| Mitete District | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| District location in Zambia | |
| Country | Zambia |
| Province | Western Province |
| Area | |
| Total | 6,379.5 km2 (2,463.1 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | |
| Total | 39,641 |
| Density | 6.2/km2 (16/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |


title: What Do Men Want? (book)

abstract: What Do Men Want? Is a book by British philosopher Nina Power. Power argues for a need for reconciliation of sexes after a period of the demonization of men. Power argues for an understanding of historic features of relations between sexes and historic values and virtues to live better together and that there are some biological components to behavioural differences between men and women. Power reviews online men's issues groups, collectively referred to as the Manosphere, which Power argues should be understood.

text:
# What Do Men Want? (book)

***What Do Men Want?*** Is a book by British philosopher Nina Power. Power argues for a need for reconciliation of sexes after a period of the demonization of men. Power argues for an understanding of historic features of relations between sexes and historic values and virtues to live better together and that there are some biological components to behavioural differences between men and women. Power reviews online men's issues groups, collectively referred to as the Manosphere, which Power argues should be understood.

## Reception

Houman Barekat, reviewing in *The Guardian*, argues the demonisation of men is exaggerated as part of a culture war and that, while there may be pockets of misandry, it is not widespread. Arturo Desimone argues that her book is filled with contradictions and errors, especially in its "fantastical version of classical antiquity." Reviewing in *The Observer*, Tim Adams says that the book is provocative and rigorous. Reviewing in *The Telegraph*, Tim Stanley says that Power deserves credit for trying to understand Manosphere groups. In *The Times*, Louise Perry, calls the book bracingly original. According to a review by Patricia Patnode it "is a lovely exploration of our present gender division." The Critic also provides a positive view of Power's venture to reconcile the sexes, "Power is crafting a peace treaty between the sexes and putting forward new terms for negotiation."

## InfoBox

What Do Men Want: Masculinity and its Discontents
| Author | Nina Power |
| --- | --- |
| Publication date | Jun 29, 2023 |
| ISBN | 978-0-241-35650-0 |


title: Wetmore, Kansas

abstract: Wetmore is a city in Nemaha County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 348.

text:
# Wetmore, Kansas

**Wetmore** is a city in Nemaha County, Kansas, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 348.

## History

Wetmore was founded in 1866 by the railroad company. It was named to honor W.T. Wetmore, a vice president of the Central Branch Union Pacific Railroad. Wetmore was incorporated in 1882.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.39 square miles (1.01 km2), all of it land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1880 | 340 |  |  |
| 1890 | 522 |  | 53.5% |
| 1900 | 434 |  | −16.9% |
| 1910 | 483 |  | 11.3% |
| 1920 | 500 |  | 3.5% |
| 1930 | 452 |  | −9.6% |
| 1940 | 425 |  | −6.0% |
| 1950 | 397 |  | −6.6% |
| 1960 | 390 |  | −1.8% |
| 1970 | 392 |  | 0.5% |
| 1980 | 376 |  | −4.1% |
| 1990 | 284 |  | −24.5% |
| 2000 | 362 |  | 27.5% |
| 2010 | 368 |  | 1.7% |
| 2020 | 348 |  | −5.4% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 368 people, 140 households, and 89 families residing in the city. The population density was 943.6 inhabitants per square mile (364.3/km2). There were 152 housing units at an average density of 389.7 per square mile (150.5/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 96.7% White, 0.3% African American, 1.9% Native American, and 1.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.9% of the population.

There were 140 households, of which 37.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.1% were married couples living together, 10.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.4% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.4% were non-families. 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.26.

The median age in the city was 31.5 years. 31% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.2% were from 25 to 44; 21% were from 45 to 64; and 13.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 362 people, 139 households, and 97 families residing in the city. The population density was 943.6 inhabitants per square mile (364.3/km2). There were 156 housing units at an average density of 406.6 per square mile (157.0/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 98.90% White, 0.55% Native American, and 0.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.28% of the population.

There were 139 households, out of which 33.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.1% were married couples living together, 10.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 27.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.19.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 30.7% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 18.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $38,438, and the median income for a family was $47,500. Males had a median income of $31,500 versus $24,375 for females. The per capita income for the city was $15,791. About 6.1% of families and 8.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.1% of those under age 18 and 20.9% of those age 65 or over.

## Education

The community is served by Prairie Hills USD 113 public school district, formed in 2010 by the merger of Sabetha USD 441 and Axtel USD 488.

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| Wetmore, Kansas | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Location within Nemaha County and Kansas | |
| KDOT map of Nemaha County (legend) | |
| Coordinates: 39°38′08″N 95°48′41″W / 39.63556°N 95.81139°W / 39.63556; -95.81139 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Kansas |
| County | Nemaha |
| Founded | 1866 |
| Incorporated | 1882 |
| Named for | W.T. Wetmore |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.39 sq mi (1.00 km2) |
| Land | 0.39 sq mi (1.00 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,155 ft (352 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 348 |
| Density | 890/sq mi (350/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 66550 |
| Area code | 785 |
| FIPS code | 20-77550 |
| GNIS ID | 2397289 |


title: Wetmore v. Tennessee Copper Co.

abstract: Wetmore v. Tennessee Copper Company, 218 U.S. 369 (1910), was a United States Supreme Court case involving jurisdiction over a suit involving a wealthy landowner from Rhode Island, U.S. Senator George P. Wetmore, suing a New Jersey Corporation for emitting toxic fumes onto land he owned in Tennessee. The Court followed its precedent in Ladew v. Tennessee Copper Company, in asserting that jurisdiction was improper because neither party was a citizen in the jurisdiction of the Circuit court, but jurisdiction was proper over the foreign British corporation that was joined to the suit.

text:
# Wetmore v. Tennessee Copper Co.

***Wetmore v. Tennessee Copper Company***, 218 U.S. 369 (1910), was a United States Supreme Court case involving jurisdiction over a suit involving a wealthy landowner from Rhode Island, U.S. Senator George P. Wetmore, suing a New Jersey Corporation for emitting toxic fumes onto land he owned in Tennessee. The Court followed its precedent in *Ladew v. Tennessee Copper Company*, in asserting that jurisdiction was improper because neither party was a citizen in the jurisdiction of the Circuit court, but jurisdiction was proper over the foreign British corporation that was joined to the suit.

## InfoBox

| Wetmore v. Tennessee Copper Company | |
| --- | --- |
| Supreme Court of the United States | |
| Submitted October 11, 1910
Decided November 28, 1910 | |
| Full case name | *George Peabody Wetmore v. Tennessee Copper Company* |
| Citations | 218 U.S. 369 (*more*)31 S. Ct. 84; 54 L. Ed. 1073 |
| Holding | |
| A Circuit Court of the United States does not have jurisdiction over a suit where both plaintiff and defendant are an out of state citizens (except for out country citizens) | |
| Court membership | |
| Chief Justice *vacant*  Associate Justices John M. Harlan **·**  Edward D. White
Joseph McKenna **·**  Oliver W. Holmes Jr.
William R. Day **·**  Horace H. Lurton
Charles E. Hughes | |
| Case opinion | |
| Majority | Harlan, joined by *unanimous* |


title: Wetmoreana appressa

abstract: Wetmoreana appressa is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has a widespread distribution in western Mexico, including Baja California. It is characterized by its vibrant colors, unique shape, and specific habitat preferences.

text:
# Wetmoreana appressa

***Wetmoreana appressa*** is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. It has a widespread distribution in western Mexico, including Baja California. It is characterized by its vibrant colors, unique shape, and specific habitat preferences.

## Taxonomy

*Caloplaca appressa* was scientifically described as a member of the genus *Caloplaca* by lichenologists Clifford Wetmore and Ingvar Kärnefelt in 1998. Ulf Arup and colleagues transferred it to the genus *Wetmoreana* in 2013, as part of a molecular phylogenetics-directed restructuring of the family Teloschistaceae. It was briefly placed in the genus *Fulgogasparrea* in 2015. However, a study by Wilk and Lücking in 2024 synonymized *Fulgogasparrea* with *Wetmoreana*, confirming the placement of this species in *Wetmoreana*.

The species epithet *appressa* alludes to the tightly appressed nature of its thallus to the rock substrate. The type specimen for this species was discovered in Sonora, Mexico, specifically 72 miles east of Hermosillo on the road to Sahuaripa, situated in a thorn forest on rhyolite (a silica-rich volcanic rock) at an elevation of about 1,900 ft (580 m).

## Description

The thallus of *Wetmoreana appressa* displays a spectrum of colors from yellowish-orange to orange. The central portion of this thallus has a patchy or areolate appearance with slightly raised patches. The lichen's margins are characterized by distinct lobes that broaden slightly at their tips. These lobes, often tightly adhered to rock surfaces, vary in size, typically falling between 0.4 and 2.2 mm in length and 0.2–0.9 mm in width. The thallus is relatively thick, reaching up to 600 μm.

The apothecia, which are reproductive structures, can either be sessile or slightly raised. These have a reddish-orange disc and are encircled by a thin thalline margin. The spores measure around 10–15 by 5.5–8 μm with a septum thickness of 4.5–9 μm. Further, the presence of pycnidia, small structures, is also noted, which are red in color. The conidia have a short bacilliform shape, measuring 3.5 μm in length on average.

A distinctive feature of *W. appressa* is the presence of calcium oxalate crystals in the medulla of the thallus, visible under polarized light. Standard chemical spot tests results are K+ (red) on the thallus and epihymenium, with all other tests negative.

## Habitat and distribution

*Wetmoreana appressa* grows on various types of acidic rocks situated in exposed environments. Its presence is predominantly noted in western parts of Mexico and in regions of Baja California. It has been found at elevations up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft) above sea level.

## InfoBox

| *Wetmoreana appressa* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Lecanoromycetes |
| Order: | Teloschistales |
| Family: | Teloschistaceae |
| Genus: | *Wetmoreana* |
| Species: | ***W. appressa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Wetmoreana appressa***<br>(Wetmore & Kärnefelt) Arup, Søchting & Frödén (2013) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Caloplaca appressa* Wetmore & Kärnefelt (1998) * *Fulgogasparrea appressa* (Wetmore & Kärnefelt) S.Y.Kondr., Elix, Kärnefelt & A.Thell (2015) | |


title: Where Have All the Soldiers Gone?

abstract: Where Have All the Soldiers Gone?: The Transformation of Modern Europe, is a 2008 non-fiction book about the rise of national pacifism in post-World War II Europe by James J. Sheehan.

text:
# Where Have All the Soldiers Gone?

***Where Have All the Soldiers Gone?: The Transformation of Modern Europe***, is a 2008 non-fiction book about the rise of national pacifism in post-World War II Europe by James J. Sheehan.

## InfoBox

Where Have All the Soldiers Gone?
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | James J. Sheehan |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Politics, History |
| Publication date | 2008 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Pages | 304 |
| ISBN | 978-0547086330 |


title: Where Have You Gone, Charming Billy?

abstract: "Where Have You Gone, Charming Billy?" is a short story by Tim O'Brien that was written in May 1975.

text:
# Where Have You Gone, Charming Billy?

"**Where Have You Gone, Charming Billy?**" is a short story by Tim O'Brien that was written in May 1975.

## Plot

The main character, Paul Berlin, is in the Vietnam War. Recently, "Billy Boy" Watkins has died of a heart attack after losing a foot due to a mine. Paul is woken up by a comrade and then takes part in conversation while skirting a village, mostly talking about Watkins's death. Then there are a series of events where Paul thinks about his family back home. He constantly wishes for his parents to be proud of his valor and courage. The irony in this story includes Paul viewing the sea as a place of safety, but once he gets there, he is still unable to rid himself of the fear that embodies him.

## Summary

The story's main character is Private First Class Paul Berlin. The story takes place during the Vietnam War. It is Paul's first day and he is having an extremely hard time-fighting anxiety and fear. One soldier in his platoon has already died from a heart attack. He was literally scared to death. Other soldiers tell Paul that they will just get used to living in a fearful jungle. Private First Class Paul Berlin is not sure if he will ever get used to the anxiety of war. “They would have their rear guarded by three thousand miles of ocean, and they would swim and dive into the breakers and hunt crayfish and smell salt, and they would be safe... But even when he smelled salt and heard the sea, he could not stop being afraid.”

The conflicts in the story include person vs. self and person vs. society. These are shown by Paul trying to overcome his fears in the war, and by the fact that he went to war because he was drafted by the military.

## Characters

* Paul Berlin
* Billy Boy Watkins
* Paul's father
* Paul's mother
* Toby (Buffalo)

## Themes

Fear – the major theme of this story is how scary war is. Paul Berlin experiences his fears throughout the story. "Though he was afraid, he now knew that fear came in many degrees and types and peculiar categories...". Courage – Paul Berlin learns that he has to have courage if he wants to overcome his fear of the war. Although he does not overcome his fear in the story, he learns how to overcome it, and is closer to overcoming his fear. Determination – Paul has to have determination to stay strong in the war. When he could have dropped out of the terrifying war, he decides to fight through it and not give up.