title: Peter Schimke

abstract: Peter Schimke was an American piano player, songwriter, composer, session musician and producer. Growing up in a musical environment, Schimke started performing live in his early teens.

text:
# Peter Schimke

**Peter Schimke** was an American piano player, songwriter, composer, session musician and producer. Growing up in a musical environment, Schimke started performing live in his early teens.

## Career

Schimke was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. After sitting in on vocals, keyboards and drums with bands throughout his teens, Schimke's first professional gig was with the New Psychenauts and went on as the lead singer of the Swingin' Combo; both bands formed part of the early Minneapolis rock scene that launched The Replacements and Hüsker Dü. Simultaneously, Schimke began composing for prominent Minneapolis theater companies. At about the same time, he played his first professional rock gig on keyboard with blues harmonica legend Charlie Musselwhite at the Blue Max on Maui. While living in New York, Peter performed at a steady Monday night gig at the Dean Street Café with Craig Bailey of the Ray Charles Band.

Schimke toured, performed and/or recorded with many artists, such as Billy Preston, Sam Moore, Iffy, Likehell, Art Farmer, Tom Harrell, Fareed Haque, Mark Murphy, Frank Morgan, David Friedman, Jose Neto, Mike Gordon, Gregoire Maret (Pat Metheny), Danny Gottlieb, Mark Egan, Emil Richards, Pete Escovedo (Latin Orchestra), Steve Wilson, members of the Wynton Marsalis group (Wes Anderson, Lincoln Goines, Rodney Whitaker), Charlie Persip Big Band, Bill Perkins, Tino D'Geraldo, Jackie Ryan (Ronnie Scott's in London), Julee Cruise of "Twin Peaks" (Warner Brothers American Tour and London Palladium), Billy Peterson, Estaire Godinez, El Buho, Jeff Sipes, Victor Wooten, Rita Coolidge, Tony Joe White, Gonzalo Lasheras.

At the time of his death, Schimke was working on a solo album.

## Discography

* Dave Sletten: Black Moon (1994)
* Mark Murphy: Latin Porter (2000)
* DJ Free / Soulfood: Spiritual Massage (2002)
* Soulfood: Serenity (2002)
* Soulfood: Shaman's Way (2002)
* Soulfood: Latino Groove (2002)
* Brent Lewis / Soulfood: Yoga Rhythm (2002)
* Soulfood: Yoga Dream (2003)
* DJ Free / Soulfood: Celestial Meditations (2003)
* Irv Williams: That's All (2004)
* That Band: Springsteel (2004)
* Moodfood and Jadoo with Sevara: Sensan (2005)
* Irv Williams: Dedicated to You (2005)
* DJ Free / Soulfood: Mystic Canyons (2005)
* Moodfood: Ice (2005)
* Enrique Toussaint: Comunidad (2006)
* DJ Free / Brent Lewis / Soulfood: Yoga Groove (2006)
* Irv Williams & Peter Schimke: Duo (2006)
* Dean Evenson: Spa Rhythms (2006)
* Ron Cohen / DJ Free / Soulfood: Cafe Santa Fe (2006)
* Soulfood: Tantric Chill (2006)
* Soulfood: Power Yoga (2006)
* Marcos Casals & Peter Schimke: Santander / Minneapolis (2007)
* Irv Williams: Finality (2007)
* Soulfood: Spascapes (2007)
* Chris Morrissey Quartet: The Morning World (2008)
* Power Music / Soulfood: Buddha Chill (2008)
* Holly Long: Leaving Kansas (2008)
* Chris Morrissey: Morning World (2009)
* Estaire Godinez Band: This Time (2010)
* Irv Williams: Duke's Mixture (2011)
* Mark Murphy: The Latin Porter
* Stuart D’Rozario: Songs About Now
* James Curry: A Brand New Suit
* Varietals: Volume 1
* Iffy: Biota Bondo

for references see cduniverse.com or allmusic.com

## Filmography

* Legends Rock, live TV show (2004)
* The Funkytown Movie, music documentary (2012)

## InfoBox

| Peter Schimke | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Peter Adam Schimke |
| Born | Minnesota, United States |
| Genres |  |
| Occupations | * Musician * songwriter * composer * producer * actor |
| Instrument | piano |
| Years active | 1975–February 23, 2020 |
|  | |
| Website | peterschimke.com |


title: Pilane (Botswana)

abstract: Pilane is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. It is located 10 km south-west of the district capital, Mochudi. The population was 1,178 in 2001 census.

text:
# Pilane (Botswana)

**Pilane** is a village in Kgatleng District of Botswana. It is located 10 km south-west of the district capital, Mochudi. The population was 1,178 in 2001 census.

24°24′24″S 26°5′12″E / 24.40667°S 26.08667°E / -24.40667; 26.08667

## InfoBox

| Pilane | |
| --- | --- |
| PilaneLocation in Botswana | |
| Coordinates: 24°24′24″S 26°5′12″E / 24.40667°S 26.08667°E / -24.40667; 26.08667 | |
| Country | Botswana |
| District | Kgatleng District |
| Population (2001) | |
| Total | 1,178 |


title: Music of Connecticut

text:
# Music of Connecticut

Connecticut is a state of the United States in the New England region.

## Music institutions and venues

Following the Chicago Symphony, Boston Symphony and the New York Philharmonic, the New Haven Symphony Orchestra is the fourth-oldest orchestra in the country. It gave its first performance in January 1895.

The city of Hartford is home to Connecticut Opera (founded in 1942 and closed in 2009), the New Haven Symphony Orchestra (founded in 1934), The Hartford Chorale (founded in 1972) and the Hartford Conservatory, an institution of music education. The Yale Summer School of Music hosts the Norfolk Chamber Music Festival, a major music festival devoted to chamber music. There is also a Connecticut Early Music Festival. Norwalk is home to the Norwalk Youth Symphony.

Major performance venues in Connecticut include the Oakdale Theater in Wallingford, Westville Music Bowl in New Haven, The Ridgefield Playhouse, The El' N' Gee Club in New London, The Bushnell Center for the Performing Arts in Hartford, The Klein Memorial Auditorium in Bridgeport, Xfinity Theatre in Hartford (formerly known as The Meadows), the Palace Theater in Waterbury, the Regina A. Quick Center for the Arts at Fairfield University, the Jorgensen Center for the Performing Arts at the University of Connecticut in Storrs, Toad's Place in New Haven, The Cellar in Hamden (formerly known as The Space), The Ü Party in Downtown New Haven, and the Stamford Center for the Arts.

## Musicians from Connecticut


title: All My Tomorrows (Crystal Gayle album)

abstract: All My Tomorrows is an album by the American country music singer Crystal Gayle. Released on September 30, 2003, it was Gayle first studio album of mainstream songs in several years. The album is a collection of classic standards including Jo Stafford's "You Belong to Me" and the ballad "Cry Me a River".

text:
# All My Tomorrows (Crystal Gayle album)

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

***All My Tomorrows*** is an album by the American country music singer Crystal Gayle. Released on September 30, 2003, it was Gayle first studio album of mainstream songs in several years (her previous few albums being either gospel/Christian music or children's songs).

The album is a collection of classic standards including Jo Stafford's "You Belong to Me" and the ballad "Cry Me a River".

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "You Belong to Me" | Pee Wee King, Chilton Price, Redd Stewart | 3:07 |
| 2. | "Cry Me a River" | Arthur Hamilton | 3:33 |
| 3. | "You Made Me Love You (I Didn't Want to Do It)" | Joseph McCarthy, James V. Monaco | 2:53 |
| 4. | "Falling in Love Again" | Friedrich Hollaender, Sammy Lerner | 2:40 |
| 5. | "All My Tomorrows" | Sammy Cahn, James Van Heusen | 2:45 |
| 6. | "Goody Goody" | Matty Malneck, Johnny Mercer | 2:01 |
| 7. | "What'll I Do" | Irving Berlin | 3:04 |
| 8. | "Sentimental Journey" | Les Brown, Bud Green, Ben Homer | 3:20 |
| 9. | "I'm Beginning to See the Light" | Duke Ellington, Don George, Johnny Hodges, Harry James | 1:48 |
| 10. | "It Had to Be You" | Isham Jones, Gus Kahn | 2:24 |
| 11. | "More Than You Know" | Edward Eliscu, Billy Rose, Vincent Youmans | 2:26 |
| 12. | "Smile" | Charlie Chaplin, Geoffrey Parsons, John Turner | 2:47 |
| 13. | "Hallelujah, I Love Him So" | Ray Charles | 3:10 |
| 14. | "For All We Know" | J. Fred Coots, Sam M. Lewis | 2:18 |

## InfoBox

| All My Tomorrows | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Crystal Gayle | |
| Released | September 30, 2003 |
| Recorded | 2002 |
| Genre | Country, Traditional Pop |
| Length | 37:56 |
| Label | Southpaw Records |
| Crystal Gayle chronology | |
| *In My Arms*
(2000) ***All My Tomorrows***
(2003) *Crystal Gayle in Concert*
(2005) | |


title: Mystery (Turnstile song)

abstract: "Mystery" is a song by American post-hardcore band Turnstile. The song is the lead single off of their third album, Glow On and was released on May 26, 2021. Reaching number eight in the Billboard Alternative Airplay charts and sixteen in the Billboard Mainstream Rock charts, it is the first single by the band to chart.

text:
# Mystery (Turnstile song)

"**Mystery**" (stylized in all uppercase) is a song by American post-hardcore band Turnstile. The song is the lead single off of their third album, *Glow On* and was released on May 26, 2021. Reaching number eight in the *Billboard* Alternative Airplay charts and sixteen in the *Billboard* Mainstream Rock charts, it is the first single by the band to chart.

## Accolades

A "—" denotes the publication's list is in no particular order, and "Mystery" did not rank numerically.

| Publication | Country | Accolade | Rank | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *Fader* | US | The 20 best rock songs right now | 18 |  |
| *Loudwire* | US | The Best Rock Songs of 2021 (So Far) |  |  |
| *Pitchfork* | US | The 100 Best Songs of 2021 | 68 |  |

## Charts

| Chart (2022) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Alternative Airplay (*Billboard*) | 8 |
| US Mainstream Rock (*Billboard*) | 16 |
|

## InfoBox

| "Mystery" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Turnstile | |
| from the album  *Glow On* | |
| Released | May 26, 2021 (2021-05-26) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 2:45 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) | * Brendan Yates * Franz Lyons * Daniel Fang * Brady Ebert * Pat McCrory |
| Producer(s) | Mike Elizondo |
| Turnstile singles chronology | |
| "I Don't Wanna Be Blind"
(2018) "**Mystery**"
(2021) "Alien Love Call"
(2021) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "Mystery" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Megiddo Church

abstract: The Megiddo Mission or Megiddo Church is a small American Restorationist denomination founded by L. T. Nichols in 1880 in Rochester, New York. The church's magazine is the Megiddo Message. Lemuel T. Nichols was born on October 1, 1844, Goshen, Indiana near Elkhart, Indiana and was named after his father, Lemuel Truesdale Nichols Sr. – though it appears that the younger Nichols never used his given names. He founded his church in 1880. Nichols conceived an idea of spreading his message by cruising the Mississippi, the Ohio, and their tributaries in a three-deck steamboat, named the Megiddo. When Nichols died on 28 February 1912 at Battle Creek, Michigan, he was quickly succeeded by his assistant Maud Hembree, a female former Catholic convert from Oregon, who took over as pastor. Hembree died in 1935 and was succeeded as pastor of the Rochester church and editor of the magazine by Ella Skeels, Nichols's sister.

text:
# Megiddo Church

The **Megiddo Mission** or **Megiddo Church** is a small American Restorationist denomination founded by L. T. Nichols in 1880 in Rochester, New York. The church's magazine is the *Megiddo Message.*

Lemuel T. Nichols was born on October 1, 1844, Goshen, Indiana near Elkhart, Indiana and was named after his father, Lemuel Truesdale Nichols Sr. – though it appears that the younger Nichols never used his given names. He founded his church in 1880. Nichols conceived an idea of spreading his message by cruising the Mississippi, the Ohio, and their tributaries in a three-deck steamboat, named the Megiddo. When Nichols died on 28 February 1912 at Battle Creek, Michigan, he was quickly succeeded by his assistant Maud Hembree, a female former Catholic convert from Oregon, who took over as pastor. Hembree died in 1935 and was succeeded as pastor of the Rochester church and editor of the magazine by Ella Skeels, Nichols's sister.

## Beliefs

The Megiddo Church denies the doctrine of the Trinity; Jesus is considered God's son and the Holy Spirit is seen as a divine power not a person. They also deny the immortality of the soul, and believe in resurrection of the dead and judgment at the return of Christ. The church does not practice water baptism and practices communion once a year at Passover. Nichols expected the return of Elijah and rejected the idea of a new Elijah. Nichols is held in the highest esteem by the members of the Megiddo Church, and his birthday, October 1, is celebrated as a holiday second only in importance to Christmas.

42°08′06″N 77°39′02″W / 42.1351°N 77.6506°W / 42.1351; -77.6506


title: New Middle Party

abstract: The New Middle Party is a Dutch small business-interest political party. The NMP is a marginal party and was only successful during the 1971 Dutch general election.

text:
# New Middle Party

The **New Middle Party** (in Dutch: *Nieuwe Midden Partij*, NMP) is a Dutch small business-interest political party. The NMP is a marginal party and was only successful during the 1971 Dutch general election.

## History

The NMP was founded in 1970. It entered in the 1971 elections, and won two seats. Several months after the elections one of its MPs, De Jong, came into conflict with the party's chair, Te Pas, because he was involved in lawsuits over corruption. De Jong continued as independent MP. In the 1972 election the party won no seats.

The party continues to exist and unsuccessfully competed in the 2002 election.

## Name

The party saw itself as the continuation of the pre-war Middle Class Party, as such it styled itself as "New Middle Class Party" or "New Middle Party".

## Ideology & Issues

The NMP is a party for businesspeople and shopkeepers. It also appeals to forgotten groups like the elderly, unmarried and disabled. It wants to spread taxes and benefits more equally between social groups. It is fiscally conservative and seeks to reduce bureaucracy and government debt. Meanwhile, it wants to protect the value of old age pensions and increase spending on healthcare. Furthermore, it wants to end "car bullying", that is taxes on petrol, driven kilometers and car-purchases. It advocates limited migration into the EU and cutting spending on development cooperation.

## Representation

This table show the NMP's results in elections to the House of Representatives and Senate, as well as the party's political leadership: the fractievoorzitter, is the chair of the parliamentary party and the lijsttrekker is the party's top candidate in the general election, these posts are normally taken by the party's leader.

| Year | HoR |  | Lijsttrekker | Fractievoorzitter |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1971 | 2 | 0 | Albert te Pas | Albert te Pas |

## Electorate

The NMP was supported in the 1971 elections by floating voters, especially those who supported a similar party, the Farmers' Party during the 1967 elections.

## International Comparison

As a protest party of the middle class the NMP is comparable to the Norwegian or Danish progress parties, they were however far more successful.


title: Roger Olivares

abstract: Rogelio "Roger" P. Olivares is a Filipino author. A graduate of the Ateneo de Manila University (AB-economics) and the University of Illinois, he has lived in New York City, San Francisco, Guam, Spain, and in the island of Crete in Greece. He now lives in Atlanta, Georgia, and writes about his native country, the Philippines. He is best known for his novel Noli Me Tangere 2, and for writing the first travel guidebook in the Philippines, Roger's Do-It-Yourself Tours.

text:
# Roger Olivares

**Rogelio "Roger" P. Olivares** is a Filipino author.

A graduate of the Ateneo de Manila University (AB-economics) and the University of Illinois (Fulbright scholar, MS in communications), he has lived in New York City, San Francisco, Guam, Spain, and in the island of Crete in Greece. He now lives in Atlanta, Georgia, and writes about his native country, the Philippines.

He is best known for his novel *Noli Me Tangere 2*, and for writing the first travel guidebook in the Philippines, *Roger's Do-It-Yourself Tours*.

## Books

* *Teresa of Avila*
* *How Granada Was Won*
* *Noli Me Tangere 2*
* *Odyssey in Crete*
* *Siege of Alcazar*
* *Con Todo Mi Corazon*


title: Freebass

abstract: Freebass were an English rock supergroup consisting of, originally, three bassists - Andy Rourke, Peter Hook and Gary "Mani" Mounfield - and singer Gary Briggs. Rourke subsequently left the line-up. The band's sound has been described as "a heady mix of modern rock, dub, and Northern soul".

text:
# Freebass

**Freebass** were an English rock supergroup consisting of, originally, three bassists - Andy Rourke (formerly of The Smiths), Peter Hook (formerly of Joy Division & New Order) and Gary "Mani" Mounfield (of The Stone Roses and Primal Scream) - and singer Gary Briggs (formerly of Haven). Rourke subsequently left the line-up.

The band's sound has been described as "a heady mix of modern rock, dub, and Northern soul".

## History

The idea to form a band centred on three bass-players came out on a drunken night, and was started by Hook and Mani as "a reaction because our groups New Order and Primals had been stalled". In a late 2005 interview with NME Peter Hook stated that all of the songs have three basses; "Mani does the low part, Andy Rourke in the middle and I do the high bit ... it works out quite well". In 2006 the band recorded the theme song for the Channel 4 Radio program *The Tube*, an instrumental called "The Tower".

In a 2006 interview with Argentine newspaper Página/12, Hook expressed his satisfaction with the progress of the band, "We've already written 17 tracks and \[the album\]'s coming along very well. We hope to finish it soon." He also explained why he was so determined to succeed. "The reason we decided to do it was because everyone laughed in our face when we suggested the idea. So we thought, 'Fuck them! We're gonna show them.'"

Having delayed the album for so long, in 2010 Hook launched a new website, worked out a distribution arrangement with American independent record label 24-Hour Service Station, and released the debut Freebass recording *Two Worlds Collide EP*, as a digital download in March 2010 and on CD in August. A full album, titled *It's a Beautiful Life*, was again initially released as a digital download in April 2010, and as an expanded edition CD with three additional tracks and a bonus instrumental versions disc, on 20 September by Essential for Europe, Australia and South East Asia; and 7 December by 24 Hour Service Station for the rest of the world.

The band's official website confirmed in August 2010 that Rourke was no longer part of the line-up, noting: "Andy Rourke was initially involved in the conception of the group and contributed to the EP and a few tracks on the LP. He is now living in NYC and will not be joining the band for live dates."

In September 2010, relations between Mounfield and Hook appeared to have soured. On 6 September, Mounfield posted on his Twitter stream (@Maniscream) "Peter Hook's wallet" was "visible from space" because it was "stuffed with Ian Curtis' blood money", a reference to Hook forming Peter Hook & The Light which played Joy Division's music. He further posted that "he ain't got time for me now he's getting fortunes for dragging his mates cadaver round the world getting himself paid". Mounfield finally appeared to devolve himself from Freebass by stating he "Can't be doing with talentless nostalgia fuckwit whores". Mounfield has since apologised for his remark, stating that his comments were "out of character" and that it was a "venomous, spiteful reaction to a lot of things that are going on in my life right now, and I chose to vent my frustrations and anger at one of my true friends in this filthy business, and ventured into territory which was none of my concern". Hook accepted Mounfield's apology, saying "Mani is a great friend of mine and he always will be. I have the utmost respect for him as a person and musician. Have none of you ever fallen out with somebody you love?"

## Discography

### Studio albums

### EPs

* *Two Worlds Collide* (2010), 24 Hour Service Station
* *You Don't Know This About Me – The Arthur Baker Remixes* (2010), 24 Hour Service Station
* *Fritz von Runte vs Freebass Redesign* (2010), 24 Hour Service Station
* *Two Worlds Collide – The Instrumental Mixes* (2010), 24 Hour Service Station

### Singles

* "Live Tomorrow You Go Down" (2010), 24 Hour Service Station

## InfoBox

| Freebass | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | United Kingdom |
| Genres | Alternative rock |
| Years active | 2005–2010 |
| Labels |  |
| Spinoff of |  |
|  | |
| Past members |  |
|  | |
| Website | Artist site |


title: Harpers West One

abstract: Harpers West One was an ATV television drama series about a fictional department store, Harpers, in the West 1 district of London. The show was created by John Whitney and Geoffrey Bellman and ran in one-hour episodes from 1961 to 1963. It was introduced by ATV while The Probation Officer, was being rested but became an immediate success. Press releases described it as "shopping with the lid off". A combination of drama and soap opera, it has also been described as presaging corporate dramas such as The Brothers for its depiction of power struggles at board level. The principal writers were Geoffrey Bellman, Derrick De Marney, Diana Noel, and John Whitney. Wendy Richard, who later appeared in the comedy Are You Being Served?, also set in a department store, appeared in four episodes in 1962. The show sometimes featured popular singers in the "music department" such as John Leyton who played the role of Johnny St Cyr and sang the song "Johnny Remember Me". The publicity helped him to establish his career. Although most of series 1 survives, no episodes from series 2 are known to exist.

text:
# Harpers West One

***Harpers West One*** was an ATV television drama series about a fictional department store, Harpers, in the West 1 district of London.

The show was created by John Whitney and Geoffrey Bellman and ran in one-hour episodes from 1961 to 1963. It was introduced by ATV while *The Probation Officer*, was being rested but became an immediate success. Press releases described it as "shopping with the lid off". A combination of drama and soap opera, it has also been described as presaging corporate dramas such as *The Brothers* for its depiction of power struggles at board level.

The principal writers were Geoffrey Bellman, Derrick De Marney, Diana Noel, and John Whitney. Wendy Richard, who later appeared in the comedy *Are You Being Served?*, also set in a department store, appeared in four episodes in 1962. The show sometimes featured popular singers in the "music department" such as John Leyton who played the role of Johnny St Cyr and sang the song "Johnny Remember Me". The publicity helped him to establish his career.

Although most of series 1 survives, no episodes from series 2 are known to exist.

## Selected cast


title: Pimelea leiophylla

abstract: Pimelea leiophylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to Tasmania. It is a shrub with silky-hairy young stems, broadly elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, and clusters of 15 to 25 or more, bright white or pink, tube-shaped flowers surrounded by 4 or 8 involucral bracts.

text:
# Pimelea leiophylla

***Pimelea leiophylla*** is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to Tasmania. It is a shrub with silky-hairy young stems, broadly elliptic to egg-shaped leaves, and clusters of 15 to 25 or more, bright white or pink, tube-shaped flowers surrounded by 4 or 8 involucral bracts.

## Description

*Pimelea leiophylla* is a shrub that typically grows to a height of 0.3–1.5 m (1 ft 0 in – 4 ft 11 in) and has silky-hairy young stems. Its leaves are decussate (arranged in alternating pairs), broadly elliptic to egg-shaped, 5–15 mm (0.20–0.59 in) long and 3–10 mm (0.12–0.39 in) wide on a petiole about 1 mm (0.039 in) long. The flowers are arranged on the ends of branches in erect clusters of 15 to 25 or more surrounded by 4 or 8 leaf-like involucral bracts. The flowers are bright white, occasionally pink and are either bisexual or female. The floral tube is 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) long and the 4 sepals 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) long. Flowering occurs from October to February.

## Taxonomy and naming

*Pimelea leiophylla* was first formally described in 2016 by Alan Maurice Gray and Matthew L. Baker in the journal *Muelleria* from specimens collected on The Hazards in 1989. The specific epithet (*leiophylla*) means "smooth leaves".

## Distribution and habitat

This pimelea grows in sparse dry woodland in a few places on the Freycinet Peninsula and on Schouten Island in eastern Tasmania.

## InfoBox

| *Pimelea leiophylla* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| In Freycinet National Park | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Thymelaeaceae |
| Genus: | *Pimelea* |
| Species: | ***P. leiophylla*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pimelea leiophylla***<br>A.M.Gray & M.Baker | |
|


title: Music of Henan

abstract: Henan is a central province of China, known for an unusual way of playing the guzheng; the technique, known as you yao, consistings of using the right hand to pluck the strings, starting from the movable bridge to the fixed bridge, while using the left hand to press the strings at the other end, creating a rich and dramatic sound effect. Guzheng music evolved over time to what is now known as Qu opera. Henan's folk heritage includes ballads and is characterized by large position changes and gliding vibrato. A popular form of narrative singing, which is accompanied by a bowed lute called zhuihu, is called zhuizi.

text:
# Music of Henan

**Henan** is a central province of China, known for an unusual way of playing the guzheng; the technique, known as *you yao*, consistings of using the right hand to pluck the strings, starting from the movable bridge to the fixed bridge, while using the left hand to press the strings at the other end, creating a rich and dramatic sound effect. Guzheng music evolved over time to what is now known as Qu opera.

Henan's folk heritage includes ballads and is characterized by large position changes and gliding vibrato. A popular form of narrative singing, which is accompanied by a bowed lute called zhuihu, is called *zhuizi*.


title: Xanthomonas citri

abstract: Xanthomonas citri is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. Although it is harmless for humans, it is a phytopathogen, known for being the causing agent of citrus canker.

text:
# Xanthomonas citri

***Xanthomonas citri*** is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. Although it is harmless for humans, it is a phytopathogen, known for being the causing agent of citrus canker.

## Bacterial killing via a secretion system

*Xanthomonas citri* uses its type IV secretion system to kill other Gram-negative bacterial species in a contact-dependent manner. The secretion of the effector proteins requires a conserved C-terminal domain, and its bacteriolytic activity is neutralized by a cognate immunity protein.

## Defense against predators

*Xanthomonas citri* also uses type VI secretion system in defense against the predatory amoeba *Dictyostelium discoideum*.

## InfoBox

| *Xanthomonas citri* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Xanthomonadales |
| Family: | Xanthomonadaceae |
| Genus: | *Xanthomonas* |
| Species: | ***X. citri*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Xanthomonas citri***<br>(Hasse 1915) Gabriel *et al.* 1989 | |
|


title: Megiddo Treasure

abstract: The Megiddo Treasure is a small hoard of jewelry pieces found in 2010, in a ceramic "beer-jug" at the archaeological site of Tel Megiddo, the location of the ancient city of Megiddo, in present-day kibbutz called Megiddo, Jezreel Valley, northern Israel. They date to around 1100 B.C.

text:
# Megiddo Treasure

The **Megiddo Treasure** is a small hoard of jewelry pieces found in 2010, in a ceramic "beer-jug" at the archaeological site of Tel Megiddo, the location of the ancient city of Megiddo, in present-day kibbutz called Megiddo, Jezreel Valley, northern Israel. They date to around 1100 B.C.

## Jug

The treasure was contained in a "beer-jug". This type of vessel has a characteristic strainer, spout, and single handle. The handle was not recovered; it was likely made of a basket material attached to the rim, and so disintegrated over time. The beer-jug was the only such vessel found within the house where the treasure was discovered. It was subjected to molecular analysis at the Weizmann Institute to determine the contents, and was left unopened while awaiting the results. The exterior of such pottery vessels is normally analyzed to try to identify any substances that were absorbed into it. In this case, there were none.

## Contents

The treasure comprises the following items:

* A ring seal
* Nine earrings, one shaped like a basket with a large bird, possibly an ostrich or eagle
* More than 1,000 small gold, silver, and carnelian stone beads, wrapped in scraps of fabric

The contents were probably owned by a wealthy Canaanite family, likely belonging to the ruling elite. It has been dated to the time period just after the Egyptian Empire's withdrawal from Canaan around 1,130 BCE.

## Megiddo Expedition

The collection was discovered by the Megiddo Expedition, operated by Tel Aviv University and a consortium of American universities.

## InfoBox

| Megiddo Treasure | |
| --- | --- |
| Material | Gold and silver jewelry |
| Created | circa 1100 BC |
| Discovered | 2012 |
| Present location | Tel Megiddo |


title: New Provinces

abstract: New Provinces: Poems of Several Authors was an anthology of Canadian poetry published in the 1930s, anonymously edited by F. R. Scott assisted by Leo Kennedy and A. J. M. Smith. The first anthology of Canadian modernist poetry, it has been hailed as a "landmark anthology" and a "milestone selection of modernist Canadian verse".

text:
# New Provinces

***New Provinces: Poems of Several Authors*** was an anthology of Canadian poetry published in the 1930s, anonymously edited by F. R. Scott assisted by Leo Kennedy and A. J. M. Smith. The first anthology of Canadian modernist poetry, it has been hailed as a "landmark anthology" and a "milestone selection of modernist Canadian verse".

## History

Kennedy, Scott, Smith, and fellow Montreal poet A. M. Klein were all members of the Montreal Group of poets centred on that city's McGill University in the 1920s and early 1930s. Smith and Scott had co-edited the *McGill Fortnightly Review*; Kennedy and Klein were respectively editors of the *Review'*s successor journals, the *Canadian Mercury* and the *McGilliad*. The four poets began assembling an anthology of poetry in 1931, and in 1934 invited Toronto poets Robert Finch and E. J. Pratt to join them.

Scott and Smith disagreed over also inviting Toronto poet Dorothy Livesay. "Smith twice explicitly suggested to Scott that Livesay’s poetry be included in the volume. On both occasions Scott refused, saying that Livesay’s work would be appropriate for a second, 'more political' edition of *New Provinces* at a later date." (Scott was a founder of the social democratic Co-operative Commonwealth Federation, while Livesay was a member of the Communist Party of Canada.) Much later, though, Livesay told an interviewer that Scott had wanted to include her work, and that it was Pratt who had vetoed it.

There were other disagreements between Scott and Smith. "Smith wanted the volume to offer an up-to-the minute statement on the contributors' work, while Scott wanted it to offer a more historical statement on the development of the contributors' poetry, in hopes of calling forth other, unknown modernist poets-in-the-making."

In line with the anthology he envisioned, Smith penned a Preface in 1934 that was a manifesto of modernism and a rejection of all that had gone before. In Canadian poetry, he mocked, "The most popular experience is to be pained, hurt, stabbed or seared by beauty—preferably by the yellow flame of a crocus in the spring or the red flame of a maple leaf in the autumn." "The fundamental criticism that must be brought against Canadian poetry as a whole," he added, "is that it ignores the intelligence. And as a result it is dead." Scott had trouble reconciling that tone with the anthology he planned. "You will have to be careful not to make claims for a greater radicalism than this volume will show,” he warned Smith.

For his part, Smith objected to the inclusion of the Toronto poets, describing Finch's imagery as "trite and undistinguished" and some of his lines as "distressingly Emily Dickensian," and calling Pratt "the weakest member of the group—judging of course by his inclusions only." However, Scott held firm on keeping both Pratt and Finch. The final selection was: twelve poems by Smith, eleven by Finch, ten by Kennedy, ten by Scott, eight by Pratt, and two longer poems ("Out of the Pulver and the Polished Lens" and "Soirée of Velvel Kleinburger") by Klein.

### 1936 edition

Scott may have insisted on keeping Pratt to increase the chances of publication. Of the Montreal poets, only Kennedy had previously published a single volume of verse; in contrast, Pratt had been releasing books of poetry for over a decade. "Macmillan Canada had published Pratt’s poetry in the past, and Pratt approached Macmillan’s literary editor Hugh Eayrs on behalf of the *New Provinces* group" in 1934.

One casualty of Pratt's involvement was Smith's Preface. Pratt, who was editor of the *Canadian Poetry Magazine*, "objected to the Preface because its radical pronouncements could alienate half his magazine’s readers, and Scott wrote to Finch, 'We would not willingly compromise him'." Finch seconded Pratt's objections, prompting Smith to write to Scott: "Who the hell are Finch and Pratt to object to the preface? If I am willing to let my poems come out in the same book with Pratt's insipid stuff, he can take the preface." However, Smith's Preface was also "rejected by the publisher as being too impatient with traditional Canadian poetry", and it was dropped, with Scott writing a more "modest" Preface instead.

When Macmillan also demanded "that the poets pay $200 toward the production of 650 to 675 copies of *New Provinces*, Scott looked elsewhere, and submitted the manuscript to the Dent publishing company. At this point, Pratt threatened to leave the project if Macmillan did not publish it.... In the end, Scott paid the bulk of the cost, $120, while Finch and Pratt each contributed $40. Smith, who could easily afford the fee, refused to contribute because of the argument over his Preface."

*New Provinces* finally was printed in a limited run of 500 copies, of which only 250 were bound for sale, on May 9–11, 1936. All told, it "took 4 years of negotiation and pleading on the part of Scott before it was finally published by the Macmillan Co. of Canada."

While the book sold poorly, it had an effect on those who read it. "The poems in *New Provinces* had an impact on Canadian verse far beyond any prefatorial pronouncements: in its implicit call for new findings and new attitudes in Canadian writing, it might be likened to the effect of the Wordsworth-Coleridge *Lyrical ballads* in 1798 on the Romantics.... The effect of *New provinces* was that it established the ‘Montreal Group’ as the Canadian avant-garde of its time."

### 1976 edition

*New Provinces* was republished in 1976 by the University of Toronto Press, as part of its "Literature in Canada" series. Smith's unused Preface (which had been published in 1964 as the "Rejected Preface") was incorporated into the new work as an "important feature." As well, a new introduction was written by editor Michael Gnarowski.

### Appraisal

The flyleaf of the 1976 edition called *New Provinces* "a monument in Canadian literature," and in his introduction, Gnarowski described it as "a singular event in a literary process which stemmed from the origins of Canadian modernism." Others have made similar claims about its significance: "In the *Literary History of Canada*, Munro Beattie calls *New Provinces* 'a literary milestone,' and 'a literary signpost' (753,754). More recently, Brian Trehearne describes *New Provinces* as 'the landmark publication that signalled the demise of the old school of Canadian poetry' (*Aestheticism* 115)." In *The Encyclopedia of Literature in Canada*, literary critic and anthologist W.H. New called *New Provinces* "an anthology that has between its covers the most famous enactment of modernist values in Canada."

Later opinions were less praising. The 1997 *Oxford Companion to Canadian Literature* called the book "commercially unsuccessful but critically important," while in 2003 *Canadian Poetry* published an essay "designed to question a literary history which has canonized an unsuccessful volume of poetry published by a small group of Canadian modernists who excluded female poets."

Despite poor sales and charges of sexism, though, *New Province'*s place in the modern Canadian canon looks assured. Besides its historical status as the first anthology of modern Canadian poetry, it is also notable for its contributors. Every contributor except for Kennedy (who never published another book) went on to win the Governor General's Award, Canada's top literary honor, for poetry.

As only 350 copies of the first edition were ever bound, it is extremely rare. A copy was being offered for sale in 2011 for $750.

1. Sandra Djwa, "F. R. Scott", *Canadian Poetry: Studies/Documents/Reviews*, No. 4 (Fall/Winter, 1979). Web, March 16, 2011.
2. Michael Gnarowski, ""New Provinces: Poems of Several Authors", *Canadian Encyclopedia* (Hurtig: Edmonton, 1988), 1479.
3. Peggy Kelly, "Politics, Gender, and New Provinces": Dorothy Livesay and F.R. Scott, *Canadian Poetry: Studies/Documents/Reviews*, No. 53, Fall/Winter, 2003.
4. W.J. Keith, "How New was *New Provinces*?", *Canadian Poetry: Studies/Documents/Reviews*, No. 4 (Fall/Winter, 1979). Web, March 16, 2011.
5. Description, *New Provinces: Poems of Several Authors*, AbeBooks.com. Web, March 16, 2011.
6. William H. New, "McGill Movement", *Encyclopedia of Literature in Canada*(Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2002), 729. Google Books, Web, Mar. 25, 2011.

## InfoBox

New Provinces: Poems of Several Authors
| Title page for *New Provinces: Poems of Several Authors* (1936) | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | F. R. Scott, ed. \[anon.\] |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Poetry |
| Publisher | Macmillan of Canada |
| Publication date | May 11, 1936 |
| Publication place | Canada |


title: Roger Morlet

abstract: Roger Morlet is a Belgian field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Roger Morlet

**Roger Morlet** (born 19 September 1930) is a Belgian field hockey player. He competed in the men's tournament at the 1952 Summer Olympics.

## InfoBox

Roger Morlet
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Roger Édouard Morlet |
| Nationality | Belgian |
| Born | (1930-09-19)19 September 1930<br>Brussels, Belgium |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Field hockey |


title: Freebird (2021 film)

abstract: Freebird is a 2021 Canadian 2D animated short film written and directed by Michael Joseph McDonald and Joe Bluhm, and co-led by creative director Nicholas Herd. The plot follows Jon, a boy with Down syndrome, navigating the world with a loving mother, an absent father, and a life-long crush. Forty-five years of Jon's life are depicted in five minutes with no dialogue. The film is a joint production between Tonic DNA and L’Arche, featuring original music by Jordan Hart. The short was revealed on World Down Syndrome Day, March 21, 2021. Following its release, the film received the 1st Prize award at the 38th Chicago International Children's Film Festival, making it an Oscar contender for the 94th Academy Awards.

text:
# Freebird (2021 film)

**Freebird** is a 2021 Canadian 2D animated short film written and directed by Michael Joseph McDonald and Joe Bluhm, and co-led by creative director Nicholas Herd. The plot follows Jon, a boy with Down syndrome, navigating the world with a loving mother, an absent father, and a life-long crush. Forty-five years of Jon's life are depicted in five minutes with no dialogue. The film is a joint production between Tonic DNA and L’Arche, featuring original music by *Jordan Hart*.

The short was revealed on World Down Syndrome Day, March 21, 2021. Following its release, the film received the 1st Prize award at the 38th Chicago International Children's Film Festival, making it an Oscar contender for the 94th Academy Awards.

## Plot

Jon helps his elderly mother into an armchair and goes to make her tea. When he returns, she is asleep with an open photo album on her lap. Atop the photos is a note written on a napkin: You were right. He's perfect.

In a flashback to the 1970s, Jon is an ultrasound on a screen. A beautiful woman is glowing. Her husband is overjoyed. The nurse hands the young couple a pamphlet entitled Institution. The husband can't handle raising a child with an intellectual disability. He walks away from his wife and unborn child. Despite the heartbreak caused by her ex-husband, she gives birth to a baby boy with Down syndrome named Jon.

Jon's earliest years are marked by good and bad memories with his mother: chasing a butterfly, burying a dead goldfish, splashing dishwater, getting ready for bedtime, and etcetera.

In school, bullies flick a rubber band at the back of Jon's head. At recess, Jon is fidgeting with the rubber band. A girl with Down syndrome named Miranda approaches him smiling. She guides his hand towards her arm, offering herself the rubber band and turning it into a wristband. Now during class, Jon turns all the bullies’ rubber bands into wristbands for Miranda.

Jon has a not-so-secret crush on Miranda for several years. In their senior year of high school, Jon runs for student president. His flyers say: "...are you DOWN?" His biggest supporter, Miranda, holds a sign that says, "I’m Down."

At graduation, Jon waves at his teary-eyed mother. His mother looks over to her left. A man she once knew is older and missing some hair, but it's him — Jon's father. He offers his ex-wife a sad smile.

Jon walks up onto the stage and pauses. He then rips open the front of his gown to reveal a superhero crest that says I'm Down. Everyone cheers — everyone but Jon's father. His son's success in life overwhelms him.

After graduation, Jon removes Miranda's green wristband and twists it into a ring as a wedding proposal. While Jon and Miranda have the first dance at their wedding, Jon's Dad hands his mother a note written on a drink napkin: “You were right. He’s perfect”.

It's the present now, and forty-five-year-old Jon doesn't know what to make of the napkin. He shows it to Miranda. Neither of them knows where the note came from, but the message is clear. Jon lovingly wraps his sleeping mother in a blanket and turns off the light.

## Music

Jordan Hart composed the music for Freebird, the song "Freedom" was released on March 12, 2021.

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Freedom" | 4:21 |
| Total length: | | 4:21 |

## Reception

### Critical reception

CBC’s Shauna Powers called it "groundbreaking" adding that it was "the first time we’re seeing Down syndrome celebrated so beautifully in animation."

Dan Sarto of Animation World Network described the short as "powerful" and "touching" stating that "the powerful film challenges the misconceptions surrounding Down Syndrome by asking the question, "Why does the world assume that a disabled life is not profoundly beautiful."

After watching the short, Stashmedia.TV advised, "grab a tissue or six...guaranteed to have you in tears by minute one."

Amid Amidi of Cartoon Brew said the film depicts Down syndrome in a positive light as it "moved away from problematic notions of pity and fear" and listed Freebird as a contender for the 2022 Oscars.

Clayton Davis, the Film Awards Editor at Variety, chose Freebird as a "Top 5 contender" in his 2022 Oscar Prediction list. In a Q&A with the directors, Animation editor-in-chief Ramin Zahed called Freebird "one of the best animations of the year."

Richard Propes of The Independent Critic described Freebird as "nothing short of exquisite." He added "As a film journalist with a disability, in my case spina bifida/paraplegia/amputee who also works in the field of disability, I can assure you that the disabled life is, indeed, quite beautiful and "Freebird" captures it all to perfection."

### Accolades

As of Dec 2021, Freebird has won several awards, including:

| Year | Award | Category | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021 | Chicago International Children's Film Festival | Professional Jury Prize for Best Animated Short | Won |  |
| | San Diego International Film Festival | Best Animation | Won |  |
| | Vancouver Island Short Film Festival | Best Original Music | Won |  |
| | The IndieFest Film Awards | Award of Excellence Special Mention - Disability Issues | Won |  |
| | One-reeler Competition | Best Screenplay | Won |  |
| | Toronto Independent Film Festival of Cift | Best Canadian Short | Won |  |
| | Spark Animation | Best Music | Won |  |
| 2022 | Cleveland International Film Festival | The Spalding and Jackson Award | Won |  |

## InfoBox

| Freebird | |
| --- | --- |
| Promotional release poster | |
| Directed by | * Michael Joseph McDonald * Joe Bluhm * Nicholas Herd (creative director) |
| Written by | * Michael Joseph McDonald * Joe Bluhm |
| Produced by | * Michael Joseph McDonald * Jennifer Nadeau * Mariana Duran |
| Music by | Jordan Hart |
| Animation by | * Guillaume Blackburn * Celia Bullwinkell * Malcolm Sutherland |
| Production<br>companies |  |
| Distributed by | L'Arche |
| Release date | * March 21, 2021 (2021-03-21)  (on World Down Syndrome Day) |
| Running time | 5 minutes |
| Language | English |


title: Robert O. Smith

abstract: Robert O. Smith was an American voice actor.

text:
# Robert O. Smith

**Robert O. Smith** (November 27, 1942 – May 30, 2010) was an American voice actor.

## Roles

### Animation

### Video games

### Anime dubbing

## Death

Smith died on May 30, 2010, due to pancreatic and liver cancer in British Columbia, Canada. He was 67.

## InfoBox

| Robert O. Smith | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Robert Orva Smith
(1942-11-27)November 27, 1942
Grass Valley, California, U.S. |
| Died | May 30, 2010(2010-05-30) (aged 67)
British Columbia, Canada |
| Occupation | Voice actor |
| Years active | 1972–2010 |


title: Pimelea humilis

abstract: Pimelea humilis, also known as common riceflower or dwarf riceflower, is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect or scrambling shrub with hairy stems, elliptic to lance-shaped leaves and heads of 12 to 52 of creamy-white, bisexual or female flowers.

text:
# Pimelea humilis

***Pimelea humilis***, also known as **common riceflower** or **dwarf riceflower**, is a species of flowering plant in the family Thymelaeaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is an erect or scrambling shrub with hairy stems, elliptic to lance-shaped leaves and heads of 12 to 52 of creamy-white, bisexual or female flowers.

## Description

*Pimelea humilis* is an erect or scrambling that typically grows to a height of 5–50 cm (2.0–19.7 in) and has densely hairy young stems. Its leaves are arranged in opposite pairs, narrowly elliptic to lance-shaped, mostly 5–16 mm (0.20–0.63 in) long, 1–9 mm (0.039–0.354 in) wide on a short petiole. The flowers are arranged in clusters of 12 to 52 on a peduncle 2–19 mm (0.079–0.748 in) long, surrounded by 4 or 6 egg-shaped involucral bracts 6–18 mm (0.24–0.71 in) long, 3–11 mm (0.12–0.43 in) wide and green with a yellow base. The flowers are creamy-white, the flower tube 8–15 mm (0.31–0.59 in) long, the sepals 1–5 mm (0.039–0.197 in) long, and the stamens shorter than the sepals. Flowering occurs from September to December and the fruit is green and about 4 mm (0.16 in) long.

Common riceflower is similar to *P. linifolia* but is smaller, softer and has hairy stems.

## Taxonomy

*Pimelea humilis* was first formally described by Robert Brown in *Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae* in 1810. The specific epithet (*humilis*) means "low" or "low-growing".

## Distribution and habitat

Common riceflower grows in heath, woodland, forest and grassland, often in sandy soil. It is widespread and common in Victoria, but less common in New South Wales, growing at Robertson and south of Eden. It also occurs east of the Mount Lofty Range in South Australia and in north-eastern Tasmania.

## InfoBox

| Common riceflower | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Thymelaeaceae |
| Genus: | *Pimelea* |
| Species: | ***P. humilis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pimelea humilis***<br>R.Br. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Banksia humilis* (R.Br.) Kuntze * *Pimelea esulifolia* Gand. * *Pimelea humilis* R.Br. var. *humilis* * *Pimelea humilis* var. *myrtifolia* (Schltdl.) Meisn. * *Pimelea myrtifolia* Schltdl. * *Pimelea tasmanica* Gand. | |


title: Mushroom Peak

abstract: Mushroom Peak is a mountain located in the Sunwapta River valley of Alberta, Canada's Jasper National Park, lying just over a kilometre east of Diadem Peak. The mountain was named in 1947 by Noel E. Odell who made the first ascent (solo). Upon reaching the summit, he found that the dark limestone rocks there resembled mushrooms. The mountain can be seen from the Icefields Parkway.

text:
# Mushroom Peak

**Mushroom Peak** is a mountain located in the Sunwapta River valley of Alberta, Canada's Jasper National Park, lying just over a kilometre east of Diadem Peak. The mountain was named in 1947 by Noel E. Odell who made the first ascent (solo). Upon reaching the summit, he found that the dark limestone rocks there resembled mushrooms. The mountain can be seen from the Icefields Parkway.

## Climate

Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mushroom Peak is located in a subarctic climate with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Temperatures can drop below -20 °C with wind chill factors below -30 °C. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into the Sunwapta River which is a tributary of the Athabasca River.

## Geology

Mushroom Peak is composed of sedimentary rock laid down during the Precambrian to Jurassic periods. Formed in shallow seas, this sedimentary rock was pushed east and over the top of younger rock during the Laramide orogeny.

## InfoBox

| Mushroom Peak | |
| --- | --- |
| Mushroom Peak, south aspect, seen from Icefields Parkway | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 3,210 m (10,530 ft) |
| Prominence | 270 m (890 ft) |
| Parent peak | Diadem Peak (3371 m) |
| Listing | Mountains of Alberta |
| Coordinates | 52°18′42″N 117°23′50″W / 52.31167°N 117.39722°W / 52.31167; -117.39722 |
| Geography | |
| Mushroom PeakLocation in Alberta | |
| Location | Alberta, Canada |
| Parent range | Winston Churchill Range |
| Topo map | NTS 83C6 Sunwapta Peak |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | 1947 by Noel E. Odell |
| Easiest route | rock/snow climb |


title: Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani

abstract: Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani is a gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacterium that like many other Xanthomonas spp. bacteria has been found associated with plants. This organism is closely related with Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris,  but causes a non-vascular leaf spot disease that is clearly distinct from black rot of brassicas. Leaf spot diseases of brassicas were associated with X. campestris pv. armoraciae (McCulloch) Dye or X. campestris pv. raphani (White) Dye. The leaf spot isolates most commonly found in brassicas have been identified as X. campestris pv. raphani..

text:
# Xanthomonas campestris pv. raphani

***Xanthomonas campestris* pv. *raphani*** is a gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacterium that like many other *Xanthomonas* spp. bacteria has been found associated with plants. This organism is closely related with *Xanthomonas campestris* pv. *campestris*, but causes a non-vascular leaf spot disease that is clearly distinct from black rot of brassicas.

Leaf spot diseases of brassicas were associated with *X. campestris* pv. *armoraciae* (McCulloch) Dye or *X. campestris* pv. *raphani* (White) Dye. The leaf spot isolates most commonly found in brassicas have been identified as *X. campestris* pv. *raphani.*.

## Hosts and symptoms

The host range of *X. campestris* pv. *raphani* is wider than *X. campestris* pv. *campestris* and includes Brassica spp., radish, ornamental crucifers like wallflowers and tomato.

Symptoms include circular dark spots that later became light brown or gray, sometimes surrounded by a water-soaked halo. In severely infections, the spots can coalesce and become irregular, but not limited by the veins. Symptoms also include black, sunken, elongated lesions on the middle vein, petiole, and/or stem.

## Significance

This pathovar causes a minor disease in brassica crops; it can be occasionally isolated from seeds.

## InfoBox

| *Xanthomonas campestris* pv. *raphani* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Xanthomonadales |
| Family: | Xanthomonadaceae |
| Genus: | *Xanthomonas* |
| Species: | *X. campestris*<br> |
| Pathovar: | ***X. c.*  pv. *raphani*** |
| Trionomial name | |
| ***Xanthomonas campestris* pv. *raphani*** | |


title: Allan Lamport

abstract: Allan Austin Lamport, was mayor of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from 1951 to 1954. Known as "Lampy", his most notable achievement was his opposition to Toronto's Blue laws which banned virtually any activities on Sundays. Lamport fought to allow professional sporting activities on Sundays. He won the 1954 election, but resigned after six months to become vice-chairman of the newly formed Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). Lamport later returned to City Council and made headlines for his opposition to Yorkville's hippies in the late 1960s.

text:
# Allan Lamport

**Allan Austin Lamport**, CM (April 4, 1903  November 18, 1999) was mayor of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from 1951 to 1954. Known as "Lampy", his most notable achievement was his opposition to Toronto's Blue laws which banned virtually any activities on Sundays. Lamport fought to allow professional sporting activities on Sundays. He won the 1954 election, but resigned after six months to become vice-chairman (later chairman) of the newly formed Toronto Transit Commission (TTC). Lamport later returned to City Council and made headlines for his opposition to Yorkville's hippies in the late 1960s.

## Political life

He first sat on Toronto City Council in 1937. A licensed pilot, he urged the city to build airports on Toronto Island and in Malton, Ontario. These projects were approved and became the Toronto Island Airport and what is now Pearson International Airport. He also advocated the construction of the Mount Pleasant Road extension connecting it to Jarvis Street in order to create a north–south alternative to Yonge Street.

From 1937 to 1943 he was an Ontario Liberal Party Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) for the Toronto riding of St. David. He enlisted in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II and once rose in the legislature to denounce Henry Ford for his lack of support for the Canadian war effort, calling him a "black-hearted American Quisling". As a result, he was transferred by the RCAF to the east coast and was unable to carry out his political duties contributing his electoral defeat in the 1943 provincial election. He returned to city council in 1946 and campaigned for the provincial government of George Drew to permit the opening of cocktail bars in Toronto. In 1947, the legislature approved the opening of bars in cities with more than 100,000 people. In 1949 he was elected to the Board of Control for the first time.

In 1950, Lamport spearheaded a municipal plebiscite that approved the playing of sports on Sundays. Until then, playing fields and even swings were padlocked under the *Lord's Day Act*.

He was defeated in his first campaign for mayor in 1951 but won on his second attempt the next year. As mayor, Lamport encouraged the construction of Toronto's subway system which would be Canada's first when it opened in 1954. He also advocated the creation of Regent Park, Canada's first large scale public housing project. Premier Leslie Frost considered Lamport for the position of Chairman of the newly created Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto but he was not interested. Lamport resigned as mayor in 1954 to serve on the Toronto Transit Commission first as vice-chairman and then as chairman from 1955 to 1959 and recommended and won approval for the construction of the Bloor-Danforth subway line. Following a political scandal over control of the TTC, he clashed with then Metro Chairman Fred Gardiner, and was nearly ousted from the TTC.

In 1960, he again ran for mayor but was defeated by Nathan Phillips; in 1962 he won election to the Board of Control. In 1964, he again ran for mayor and was defeated by Philip Givens. He returned to City Council again in 1966 as a Controller, and then as an alderman when the Board of Control was abolished. He famously opposed the hippies who populated the neighbourhood of Yorkville pledging to drive them out of Toronto and encouraging police action against them and urged that the neighbourhood be demolished and replaced by a shopping mall. He clashed with David DePoe, unofficial spokesperson for the Yorkville hippies opposing DePoe's bid to address city council. The confrontation resulted in Lamport ordering police to remove the hippies from the city council chamber This conflict was documented in the National Film Board of Canada films *Flowers on a One Way Street* and *Christopher's Movie Matinée*.

In 1994, he was made a Member of the Order of Canada. Lamport Stadium in Toronto and the Allan A. Lamport Regatta Course on Toronto Island are named in his honour. His funeral was arranged through Ralph Day Funeral Home and services were held at St. Paul's Anglican Church and he is buried at Mount Pleasant Cemetery in Toronto.

## Quotations

Lamport was known as *Metro's Goldwyn Mayor*, a take on movie mogul Sam Goldwyn because both of them were known for their malapropisms. He was quoted on many subjects. For example, on the subject of progress he said "All this progress is marvellous... now if only it would stop." On the future, he said "It's hard to make predictions - especially about the future." On achieving the impossible, he said "It's like pushing a car uphill with a rope."

Some of his quotes were related to political life. On being Mayor of Toronto, he said "Being Mayor of Toronto is like being a Prime Minister - without a cabinet or a majority." He once commented on Metro Chairman Fred Gardiner: "Trailing Fred Gardiner is like tracking a bleeding elephant through a fresh fall of snow."

## InfoBox

| Allan Lamport | |
| --- | --- |
| Lamport, c.1938 | |
|  | |
| 50th Mayor of Toronto | |
| **In office**
1951–1954 | |
| Preceded by | Hiram McCallum |
| Succeeded by | Leslie Saunders |
| Toronto Ward 3 Alderman | |
| **In office**
1946-1948 | |
| Toronto Board of Control | |
| **In office**
1949-1950, 1935-1937 | |
| Succeeded by | William Dennison |
| MPP for St. David | |
| **In office**
1937–1943 | |
| Preceded by | Wilfrid Heighington |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Allan Austin Lamport
(1903-04-03)April 3, 1903
Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Died | November 18, 1999(1999-11-18) (aged 96)
Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
| Political party | Liberal |
|  | |


title: Megijima

abstract: Megijima is an island located in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan, north of the city of Takamatsu, and is part of Kagawa Prefecture. It has an area of 2.66 km⁲, a coastline of 8.9 km, and a population of about 200. Megijima is a popular destination in summer on account of its public beach and close proximity to Takamatsu City. Additionally, with over 2000 cherry blossom trees, Megijima also sees an influx of visitors during the springtime when people congregate for cherry blossom viewing. The island has been linked to the mythical island Onigashima, visited by the folktale character Momotarō. The caves at the top of Washigamine Summit, as the home of the ogres from that story, are a popular tourist spot. There is an observation platform at the peak of Washigamine Summit where one can get a 360 degree view of the Seto Inland Sea. Megijima is also one of the host sites of the Setouchi Triennale. During the festival period, many temporary and permanent art exhibitions are installed across the island. Some of the sights on the island such as the cave and beach are also featured in the Key visual novel Summer Pockets.

text:
# Megijima

**Megijima** (女木島, めぎじま) is an island located in the Seto Inland Sea of Japan, north of the city of Takamatsu, and is part of Kagawa Prefecture. It has an area of 2.66 km2, a coastline of 8.9 km, and a population of about 200. Megijima is a popular destination in summer on account of its public beach and close proximity to Takamatsu City (approx. 4 km). Additionally, with over 2000 cherry blossom trees, Megijima also sees an influx of visitors during the springtime when people congregate for cherry blossom viewing.

The island has been linked to the mythical island Onigashima ("island of ogres"), visited by the folktale character Momotarō. The caves at the top of Washigamine Summit, as the home of the ogres from that story, are a popular tourist spot. There is an observation platform at the peak of Washigamine Summit where one can get a 360 degree view of the Seto Inland Sea.

Megijima is also one of the host sites of the Setouchi Triennale. During the festival period, many temporary and permanent art exhibitions are installed across the island. Some of the sights on the island such as the cave and beach are also featured in the Key visual novel *Summer Pockets*.

34°23′43″N 134°3′0″E / 34.39528°N 134.05000°E / 34.39528; 134.05000


title: Neural network (biology)

abstract: A neural network, also called a neuronal network, is an interconnected population of neurons. Biological neural networks are studied to understand the organization and functioning of nervous systems. Closely related are artificial neural networks, machine learning models inspired by biological neural networks. They consist of artificial neurons, which are mathematical functions that are designed to be analogous to the mechanisms used by neural circuits.

text:
# Neural network (biology)

A **neural network**, also called a **neuronal network**, is an interconnected population of neurons (typically containing multiple neural circuits). Biological neural networks are studied to understand the organization and functioning of nervous systems.

Closely related are artificial neural networks, machine learning models inspired by biological neural networks. They consist of artificial neurons, which are mathematical functions that are designed to be analogous to the mechanisms used by neural circuits.

## Overview

A biological neural network is composed of a group of chemically connected or functionally associated neurons. A single neuron may be connected to many other neurons and the total number of neurons and connections in a network may be extensive. Connections, called synapses, are usually formed from axons to dendrites, though dendrodendritic synapses and other connections are possible. Apart from electrical signalling, there are other forms of signalling that arise from neurotransmitter diffusion.

Artificial intelligence, cognitive modelling, and artificial neural networks are information processing paradigms inspired by how biological neural systems process data. Artificial intelligence and cognitive modelling try to simulate some properties of biological neural networks. In the artificial intelligence field, artificial neural networks have been applied successfully to speech recognition, image analysis and adaptive control, in order to construct software agents (in computer and video games) or autonomous robots.

Neural network theory has served to identify better how the neurons in the brain function and provide the basis for efforts to create artificial intelligence.

## History

The preliminary theoretical base for contemporary neural networks was independently proposed by Alexander Bain (1873) and William James (1890). In their work, both thoughts and body activity resulted from interactions among neurons within the brain.

For Bain, every activity led to the firing of a certain set of neurons. When activities were repeated, the connections between those neurons strengthened. According to his theory, this repetition was what led to the formation of memory. The general scientific community at the time was skeptical of Bain's theory because it required what appeared to be an inordinate number of neural connections within the brain. It is now apparent that the brain is exceedingly complex and that the same brain “wiring” can handle multiple problems and inputs.

James' theory was similar to Bain's; however, he suggested that memories and actions resulted from electrical currents flowing among the neurons in the brain. His model, by focusing on the flow of electrical currents, did not require individual neural connections for each memory or action.

C. S. Sherrington (1898) conducted experiments to test James' theory. He ran electrical currents down the spinal cords of rats. However, instead of demonstrating an increase in electrical current as projected by James, Sherrington found that the electrical current strength decreased as the testing continued over time. Importantly, this work led to the discovery of the concept of habituation.

McCulloch and Pitts (1943) also created a computational model for neural networks based on mathematics and algorithms. They called this model threshold logic. These early models paved the way for neural network research to split into two distinct approaches. One approach focused on biological processes in the brain and the other focused on the application of neural networks to artificial intelligence.

The parallel distributed processing of the mid-1980s became popular under the name connectionism. The text by Rumelhart and McClelland (1986) provided a full exposition on the use of connectionism in computers to simulate neural processes.

Artificial neural networks, as used in artificial intelligence, have traditionally been viewed as simplified models of neural processing in the brain, even though the relation between this model and brain biological architecture is debated, as it is not clear to what degree artificial neural networks mirror brain function.

## Neuroscience

Theoretical and computational neuroscience is the field concerned with the analysis and computational modeling of biological neural systems. Since neural systems are intimately related to cognitive processes and behaviour, the field is closely related to cognitive and behavioural modeling.

The aim of the field is to create models of biological neural systems in order to understand how biological systems work. To gain this understanding, neuroscientists strive to make a link between observed biological processes (data), biologically plausible mechanisms for neural processing and learning (neural network models) and theory (statistical learning theory and information theory).

### Types of models

Many models are used; defined at different levels of abstraction, and modeling different aspects of neural systems. They range from models of the short-term behaviour of individual neurons, through models of the dynamics of neural circuitry arising from interactions between individual neurons, to models of behaviour arising from abstract neural modules that represent complete subsystems. These include models of the long-term and short-term plasticity of neural systems and their relation to learning and memory, from the individual neuron to the system level.

### Connectivity

In August 2020 scientists reported that bi-directional connections, or added appropriate feedback connections, can accelerate and improve communication between and in modular neural networks of the brain's cerebral cortex and lower the threshold for their successful communication. They showed that adding feedback connections between a resonance pair can support successful propagation of a single pulse packet throughout the entire network. The connectivity of a neural network stems from its biological structures and is usually challenging to map out experimentally. Scientists used a variety of statistical tools to infer the connectivity of a network based on the observed neuronal activities, i.e., spike trains. Recent research has shown that statistically inferred neuronal connections in subsampled neural networks strongly correlate with spike train covariances, providing deeper insights into the structure of neural circuits and their computational properties.

## Recent improvements

While initially research had been concerned mostly with the electrical characteristics of neurons, a particularly important part of the investigation in recent years has been the exploration of the role of neuromodulators such as dopamine, acetylcholine, and serotonin on behaviour and learning.

Biophysical models, such as BCM theory, have been important in understanding mechanisms for synaptic plasticity, and have had applications in both computer science and neuroscience.


title: Roger Morrice

abstract: Roger Morrice (1628–1702) was an English Puritan minister and political journalist. He is most noted for his Entring Book, a manuscript diary which provides a description of society in the years 1677 to 1691. The manuscript is held by Dr Williams's Library in London, and in 2007 the Boydell Press published a six-volume edition of the text.

text:
# Roger Morrice

**Roger Morrice** (1628–1702) was an English Puritan minister and political journalist. He is most noted for his *Entring Book*, a manuscript diary which provides a description of society in the years 1677 to 1691. The manuscript is held by Dr Williams's Library in London, and in 2007 the Boydell Press published a six-volume edition of the text.

## Biography

Little is known about Morrice's life. He was born in about 1628 and died in 1702. He studied at St Catharine's College, Cambridge, and later became the vicar of Duffield in Derbyshire in 1658. Because of his Non-conformist views he was ejected from his living at the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660, going on to become a private chaplain to Denzil Holles and John Maynard, both veteran Parliamentarians.

Though Morrice reveals virtually nothing about himself in his diaries, his *Entring Book* is a particularly useful source document for London life and politics from the late 1670s to the early 1690s – as informative, in its own way, as the better known *Diaries* of Samuel Pepys. Morrice himself was a puritan clergyman who became a close associate of those opposed to the forms of absolute government favoured by the later Stuart kings, Charles II and his brother and successor, the Catholic James II. Most of the early part of the *Entring Book* is concerned with the possible impact of resurgent Catholicism on English liberties. For Morrice, the Tories, the party of the Court, were not so much a rival to the Whigs, with whom he identified, but 'conspiracy against the Reformed interest.' After the Glorious Revolution of 1688, in which James was replaced by William III and Mary II, Morrice is anxious to detect signs of Jacobitism in the ranks of those whom he refers to as 'the hierarchical party.'

Besides high politics, Morrice's journal has a lot to say about other aspects of contemporary life: from military and legal affairs, to printing, firework carnivals, storms, hurricanes, duels, executions, suicides and many other similar delights.


abstract: French Creek is a tributary of the Allegheny River in northwestern Pennsylvania and western New York in the United States.

text:
# French Creek (Allegheny River tributary)

**French Creek** (also known as the **Venango River**) is a tributary of the Allegheny River in northwestern Pennsylvania and western New York in the United States.

## Name

The stream has been sometimes called a river and sometimes a creek. It is thought that the stream's Seneca name, *in nungash*, was modified over time to *Venango*. The phrase *in nungash* may have derived from *Onenga*, the Seneca word for mink, or it may have stemmed from *Winingus*, the Delaware (Lenape) word for the same animal. Interpretations of *Venango* have included "crooked", and the Seneca chief Cornplanter suggested that *in nungash* referred to a particular carving on a tree along the stream. *Venango* was likewise the name of a native settlement at the creek's mouth, later the site of Franklin, Pennsylvania.

In the 18th century, the stream was an important link between the Great Lakes and the Ohio River. The French built Fort Presque Isle and Fort Le Boeuf to control the portage from the stream's headwaters to Lake Erie. They called the stream *Rivière aux boeufs* (Cattle River) because the bison in the vicinity reminded them of French cattle. In 1753, George Washington, still a British subject, was sent to deliver a message to Fort Le Boeuf asking the French to leave the region, as tensions increased before the French and Indian War. Washington called the stream *French Creek* rather than *Beef Creek* (another common rendering of *Rivière aux Boeufs*), and his version prevailed after the British won the Seven Years' War and took control of former French colonies in North America east of the Mississippi River.

## Course

French Creek begins near French Creek, New York, and flows about 117 miles (188 km) to the Allegheny River at Franklin, Pennsylvania. The creek's drainage basin covers 1,270 square miles (3,300 km2). The watershed includes parts of Erie, Crawford, Venango, and Mercer counties in Pennsylvania as well as Chautauqua County in New York. Cities and towns along its main stem include Mill Village, Wattsburg, Cambridge Springs, Venango, Saegertown, Meadville, Cochranton, Utica, Sugarcreek, and Franklin, all in Pennsylvania.

## Fauna, water quality

Providing habitat to more than 80 species of fish and 26 species of freshwater mussels, French Creek is among the most biologically diverse streams in the northeastern United States.

Environmental concerns about the creek's water quality have been raised since at least the 1990s. Improvements to sewage treatment plants in Meadville, Cambridge Springs, and Saegertown have helped reduce the amount of chlorine and other chemicals entering the stream. Farm and highway runoff, malfunctioning septic systems, erosion, sedimentation, invasive species, and damaged riparian zones are other problems affecting the creek. The French Creek Project, organized in 1995, sponsors French Creek music festivals, ecology tours, and watershed classes for the public.

## Awards

The creek won the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources award for River of the Year in 2003.

The creek was again named River of the Year for 2022. The citation reads:

"French Creek is one of the most biologically diverse waterways of its size in the United States, meandering 117 miles from its headwaters in southern New York through four Pennsylvania counties to the Allegheny River,” according to the release. “The creek is home to 27 species of freshwater mussels, more than 80 species of fish, and numerous waterfowl and songbird species, including bald eagles and four Audubon-designated Important Bird Areas (IBAs). French Creek is also home to the Eastern Hellbender, the largest species of salamander in North America, which was recently named the official amphibian of Pennsylvania.”

## InfoBox

| French Creek | |
| --- | --- |
| Near the mouth at Franklin | |
| Location of the mouth of French Creek in PennsylvaniaFrench Creek (Allegheny River tributary) (the United States) | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New York, Pennsylvania |
| County | Chautauqua County, New York, and
Erie, Crawford, Mercer, and Venango
counties in Pennsylvania |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source | North Harmony State Forest |
| location | near French Creek, New York, Chautauqua County, New York |
| coordinates | 42°06′14″N 79°31′52″W / 42.10389°N 79.53111°W / 42.10389; -79.53111 |
| elevation | 1,737 ft (529 m) |
|  | |
| Mouth | Allegheny River |
| location | Franklin, Pennsylvania |
| coordinates | 41°23′30″N 79°49′13″W / 41.39167°N 79.82028°W / 41.39167; -79.82028 |
| elevation | 961 ft (293 m) |
| Length | 117 mi (188 km) |
| Basin size | 1,270 sq mi (3,300 km2) |
|  | |
| Discharge |  |
| location | Utica |
| average | 2,019 cu ft/s (57.2 m3/s) |
|  | |
| Basin features | |
| Tributaries |  |
| left | Alder Bottom Creek
Beaver Meadow Brook
Herrick Creek
Hubbel Run
Alder Run
South Branch French Creek
Muddy Creek
Mohawk Run
Gravel Run
Woodcock Creek
Shellhammer Hollow
Bennyhoof Creek
Mill Run
Little Sugar Creek
Powdermill Run
McCune Run
Sugar Creek
Patchel Run |
| right | Black Brook
West Branch French Creek
Lake Pleasant Outlet
Wheeler Creek
LeBoeuf Creek
Campbell Run
Conneauttee Creek
Foulk Run
North Deer Creek
Mill Creek |


title: Robert O. Wilder Building

abstract: The Robert O. Wilder Building, previously known as the John W. Boddie House and then the Tougaloo Mansion House, is a historic plantation mansion on the campus of Tougaloo College in Tougaloo, Mississippi.

text:
# Robert O. Wilder Building

The **Robert O. Wilder Building**, previously known as the **John W. Boddie House** and then the **Tougaloo Mansion House**, is a historic plantation mansion on the campus of Tougaloo College in Tougaloo, Mississippi.

## History

The house was completed in 1860 for wealthy cotton planter and slave owner John Williams Boddie who died at the end of the American Civil War. In 1869 the 500-acre former plantation, including the house, was bought for $10,500 (~$213,616 in 2023) by the Freedmen's Bureau and the American Missionary Association to become the campus of a school for Black students who were recently freed from slavery.

Initially the building was used for a day school and then for housing female students in the upstairs bedrooms. Later it was used as a faculty dorm and for the college president's office. The building was renamed after college trustee Robert O. Wilder to better reflect the school's mission as a historically black college by distancing itself from a slave owner. It was individually listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 and later became a contributing property to the Tougaloo College Historic District in 1998.

The building underwent structural renovations in 2003 and the exterior was refinished in 2012. The interior was renovated in 2020. The rebuilding project funds came from a combination of state and federal grants.

## Architecture

A large majority of the Antebellum plantation houses are of a Greek Revival style and the house is an unusual example Italianate architecture. It was designed by local architect and builder Jacob Lamour of Canton. The building is a two-story Italianate plantation house with a gabled roof, bracketed cornices, and a belvedere. There is a grand entrance frontispiece with a six-panel front door.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| John W. Boddie House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| The house c. 1900 | |
|  | |
| Location | County Line Road, Tougaloo, Mississippi |
| Coordinates | 32°24′15″N 90°09′39″W / 32.4041°N 90.1607°W / 32.4041; -90.1607 |
| Area | Tougaloo College campus |
| Built | 1860 |
| Built by | Jacob Lamour |
| Architect | Jacob Lamour |
| Architectural style | Italianate |
| Restored | 2003 structural, 2012 exterior, 2020 interior |
| Restored by | WFT Architects, Jackson, MS |
| Part of | Tougaloo College Historic District (ID98001109) |
| NRHP reference No. | 82003106 |
| Added to NRHP | 1982-05-13 |


title: Muskowekwan 85

abstract: Muskowekwan 85 is an Indian reserve of the Muskowekwan First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about 64 kilometres (40 mi) north-west of Fort Qu'Appelle. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 436 living in 150 of its 170 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 52 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community.

text:
# Muskowekwan 85

**Muskowekwan 85** is an Indian reserve of the Muskowekwan First Nation in Saskatchewan. It is about 64 kilometres (40 mi) north-west of Fort Qu'Appelle. In the 2016 Canadian Census, it recorded a population of 436 living in 150 of its 170 total private dwellings. In the same year, its Community Well-Being index was calculated at 52 of 100, compared to 58.4 for the average First Nations community and 77.5 for the average non-Indigenous community.

51°19′25″N 104°04′57″W / 51.3236°N 104.0824°W / 51.3236; -104.0824 (Muskowekwan 85)

## InfoBox

| Muskowekwan 85 | |
| --- | --- |
| Indian reserve | |
| Muskowekwan Indian Reserve No. 85 | |
| Location in Saskatchewan | |
| First Nation | Muskowekwan |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Saskatchewan |
| Area | |
| Total | 7,381.7 ha (18,240.6 acres) |
| Population (2016) | |
| Total | 436 |
| Density | 5.9/km2 (15/sq mi) |
| Community Well-Being Index | 52 |


title: Music of Rajasthan

text:
# Music of Rajasthan

This type of music originates from the Rajasthan, one of the states of India and home to several important centers of Indian musical development, including Udaipur, Jodhpur and Jaipur. The region's music shares similarities both with nearby areas of India and the other side of the border, in the Pakistani province of Sindh.

## Overview

Rajasthan has a diverse collection of musician castes, including langas, Sapera, Bhopa, and Manganiar. There are two traditional classes of musicians: the Langas, who stuck mostly exclusively to Muslim audiences and styles, and the Manganiars, who had a more liberal approach.

Rajasthani artists

Traditional music includes the women's Panihari songs, which lyrically describes chores, especially centered on water and wells, both of which are an integral part of Rajasthan's desert culture. Other songs, played by various castes, normally begin with the alap, which sets the tune and is followed by a recital of a couplet (dooba). Epic ballads tell tales of heroes like Devnarayan Bhagwan, Gogaji, Ramdeoji, Pabuji and Tejaji. The celebration of changing seasons is also very central to folk music of Rajasthan. Celebration of the coming of the Monsoon or the harvest season are central to most traditional folk songs. Songs also revolve around daily activities of the local people-- for instance, a song about not sowing Jeera (Cumin) as it is difficult to tend. Or, for instance, another song about Podina (Mint) and how it is liked by various members of the family (an allegorical reference to a local liquor extracted from mint is also made). Every day common themes are the center of traditional rajasthani folk music.

One of the most famous Rajasthani Maand singers is Allah Jilai Bai of the Bikaner Gharana.

* *Monograph on Langas: a folk musician caste of Rajasthan*. by Komal Kothari. 1960.
* *Folk musical instruments of Rajasthan: a folio*, by Komal Kothari. Rajasthan Institute of Folklore, 1977.
* *Bards, ballads and boundaries: an ethnographic atlas of music traditions in West Rajasthan*, by Daniel Neuman, Shubha Chaudhuri, Komal Kothari. Seagull, 2007. ISBN 1-905422-07-5.


title: Jon Akass

abstract: John Ewart Akass, known as Jon Akass, was a British Fleet Street journalist. He entered Fleet Street as a journalist on the Daily Herald. The last years of his career were spent at the Daily Express following a brief period at Sir James Goldsmith's NOW! in 1981. Akass was named British columnist of the year in 1976.

text:
# Jon Akass

**John Ewart Akass** (16 July 1933  4 June 1990), known as **Jon Akass**, was a British Fleet Street journalist. He entered Fleet Street as a journalist on the *Daily Herald* (which later became *The Sun*). The last years of his career were spent at the *Daily Express* following a brief period at Sir James Goldsmith's *NOW!* in 1981. Akass was named British columnist of the year in 1976.

## Life

Akass was born in Bedford, England, and educated at Bedford Modern School between 1944 and 1949.

After National Service with the RAF, Akass joined the London office of the *Glasgow Herald* as a teaboy. He worked as a reporter on a local newspaper in Lincolnshire before joining the *Daily Herald* in Manchester, where he was responsible for the coverage of the Munich air disaster which claimed eight players of the Manchester United football team in 1958. He soon moved to the London offices of the *Daily Herald* where he worked alongside Dennis Potter and was given a regular column at the age of 24.

Akass stayed with *The Sun*, as the *Daily Herald* became, and continued with the paper when it was acquired by Rupert Murdoch in 1969 and underwent its transformation into a tabloid. Akass was named British columnist of the year in 1976. As a columnist, he joined the staff of Sir James Goldsmith's *NOW!* in 1981, two days before Goldsmith closed the magazine. He returned to his previous post, but was a columnist of the *Daily Express* in his last years. He was a personal friend of Michael Parkinson.

Akass died from cancer in London on 4 June 1990, aged 56, and was survived by his wife, Peggy, and four children. His memorial service was held at St Bride's Church, Fleet Street, where Canon John Oates officiated. Readings were given by his son, Mark Akass, and Nicholas Lloyd. Akass was a convivial journalist and over one hundred people attended the service including Michael Parkinson, Eve Pollard and Anne Robinson. Anne Robinson's then husband, John Penrose, read an address as did George Gale remarking that "John is up there drinking gin with the angels".

An obituary by Keith Waterhouse in *The Guardian* described him as a "shambling Ustinov-shaped figure in a crumpled white suit" who "forever looked either as if he was on his way to a good nap after a good lunch or as if he had just risen from a good nap in time for the cocktail hour and a good supper."

## InfoBox

| Jon Akass | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1933-07-16)16 July 1933
Bedford, England |
| Died | 4 June 1990(1990-06-04) (aged 56)
London, England |
| Nationality | British |
| Education | Bedford Modern School |
| Known for | Columnist |
| Spouse | Peggy |
| Children | 4 |


title: Mystery Bonita

abstract: Mystery Bonita is a monthly Japanese shōjo magazine published by Akita Shoten on the sixth of each month. It was originally launched as a spin-off to the magazine Bonita, which was later merged with Mystery Bonita in 1996. Mystery Bonita was initially envisioned to serialize darker serials compared to its parent magazine, featuring horror and mystery works. After the merge the magazine continued to have a focus on publishing mystery and supernatural stories. The magazine is known for publishing series from a variety of genres, as in addition to the prior genres it also publishes fantasy, historical, action, romance, and non-romance works.

text:
# Mystery Bonita

***Mystery Bonita*** (Japanese: (ミステリーボニータ, Hepburn: *Misutarī Bonīta)*) is a monthly Japanese *shōjo* magazine published by Akita Shoten on the sixth of each month. It was originally launched as a spin-off to the magazine *Bonita*, which was later merged with *Mystery Bonita* in 1996. *Mystery Bonita* was initially envisioned to serialize darker serials compared to its parent magazine, featuring horror and mystery works. After the merge the magazine continued to have a focus on publishing mystery and supernatural stories.

The magazine is known for publishing series from a variety of genres, as in addition to the prior genres it also publishes fantasy, historical, action, romance, and non-romance works.

## Serializations

## InfoBox

*Mystery Bonita*
| Cover of the May 2016 issue (featuring *Children of the Whales* by Abi Umeda) | |
| --- | --- |
| Categories | *Shōjo manga* |
| Frequency | Monthly |
| First issue | May 1988 |
| Company | Akita Shoten |
| Country | Japan |
| Based in | Tokyo |
| Language | Japanese |
| Website | www.akitashoten.co.jp/bonita |


title: Meeli Sööt

abstract: Meeli Sööt was an Estonian stage, television, radio and film actress.

text:
# Meeli Sööt

**Meeli Sööt** (13 September 1937 – 16 March 2024) was an Estonian stage, television, radio and film actress.

## Early life and education

Meeli Sööt was born Meeli Alev in Tallinn to actor Voldemar Alev and Alvine Alev (*née* Väravas). In 1956, she graduated from Tallinn 7th Secondary School (now, Tallinn English College). From 1956 until 1957, she studied at the Tallinn Pedagogical Institute (now, Tallinn University), and graduated in 1961 from the Tallinn State Conservatory, Performing Arts Department (now, the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre) in Tallinn under the course supervision of theatre pedagogue Voldemar Panso. Among her classmates were noted future actors Tõnu Aav, Mikk Mikiver, Maila Rästas, Aarne Üksküla, Madis Ojamaa, Jaan Saul, Ines Aru, and Mati Klooren.

## Stage career

Following graduation in 1961, she became engaged at the Estonian Drama Theatre in Tallinn. She would remain an actress at the theatre until 2000. She made her stage debut in 1961 in a production of Pedro Calderón de la Barca's 1636 play *The Phantom Lady* while still a student.

During her nearly forty year engagement at the Estonian Drama Theater she performed in numerous stage productions as an actress. Among her more memorable roles in works by international authors and playwrights include: Molière, Ibsen, von Goethe, Chekhov, Strindberg, Vonnegut, Leo Tolstoy, Peter Shaffer, Jean Genet, Johannes Linnankoski, William Gibson, Alexander Vampilov, Elias Lönnrot and John Boynton Priestley, among others. Memorable roles in works by Estonian authors and playwrights include those of: Eduard Vilde, A. H. Tammsaare, Juhan Sütiste, Jaan Kross, Aino Undla-Põldmäe, Jaan Kruusvall and Mats Traat.

Beginning in 1990, Sööt was a lecturer at the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre, and from 1996 until 2004, was an associate professor at the academy.

## Television, radio and film

Meeli Sööt made her film debut in a small role in the Kalju Komissarov directed Soviet-Estonian crime-drama *Tavatu lugu* for Tallinnfilm. This was followed by a starring role as Marta in the 1982 Veljo Käsper directed drama *Pihlakaväravad*, opposite actor Heino Mandri. She also appeared in the 1990 dramatic short film *Teenijanna*, directed by Veiko Jürisson.

In 1983, she appeared in the feature-length television sports film *Küljetuul*, directed by Raul Tammet. She also frequently appeared on the popular Estonian Kanal 2 television crime series *Kelgukoerad* between 2008 and 2011.

Additionally, she has performed in several radio plays, most memorably *Kuu aega maal* in 1964, *Meelejahutaja* in 1973 and *Ameerika mäed* in 1998.

## Personal life and death

In 1961 Meeli Alev married conductor and pedagogue Ants Sööt. The couple divorced in 1978. She died on 16 March 2024, at the age of 86.

## Acknowledgements

In 1976, Meeli Sööt was awarded the Merited Artist of the Estonian SSR.

## InfoBox

| Meeli Sööt | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Meeli Alev
(1937-09-13)13 September 1937
Tallinn, Estonia |
| Died | 16 March 2024(2024-03-16) (aged 86) |
| Nationality | Estonian |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1960–2011 |
| Spouse | Ants Sööt  (m. 1961; div. 1978) |


title: Romain Humeau

abstract: Romain Humeau is a French musician best known for being the lead singer of the French band Eiffel.

text:
# Romain Humeau

**Romain Humeau** (born 10 April 1971) is a French musician best known for being the lead singer of the French band Eiffel.

## Biography

Romain was born on 10 April 1971 in Aix-en-Provence, France. He spent his early childhood in Nérac before leaving in 1978. His father was a harpsichord maker and his mother was a flutist. He started learning the violin at the age of 5.

He studied music at the Conservatoire de Toulouse from 1989 to 1994. He is married to Eiffel band mate Estelle Humeau.

## Career

### Eiffel

Humeau was a member of the band Oobik and the Pucks, that formed in 1995. It was after serious differences with their record label that the band reformed to become Eiffel in 1998. Eiffel saw success in France with their 2006 album *Tandoori* which peaked at 36 in the France Albums Top 150, spending 5 weeks on the charts. In 2009 Eiffel released *À tout moment*. They recorded the song Le Temps des cerises in collaboration with Serge Teyssot-Gay and Bertrand Cantat, from the group Noir Désir to promote the album's release. The album peaked at 16 on the France Albums Top 150. The group launched itself on a tour, starting 29 October 2009 in Saint-Étienne. Their most successful album *Foule Monstre* (2012) peaked at number 9 on the France Albums Top 150 and reached 78 on Swiss Albums Top 100. The *Foule Monstre tour* saw the band tour in France, Belgium and Switzerland.

### Solo career

Humeau released his debut solo album in 2005. Titled *L'eternité De L'instant*, it peaked at 96 in the France Top 150 Albums Following the album's release he toured France. He took a 10-year break from his solo career following *L'eternité De L'instant*. He returned with *Vendredi ou les limbes du Pacifique* in 2015. It was a commercial flop, failing to feature on the charts. The only album of his solo career to not feature on the France Top 150 Albums Chart. He followed up with *Mousquetaire #1*, a far more successful album reaching 67 on the France Top 150 Albums Chart. This to date is his most successful solo album. He released his fourth solo album *Mousquetaire #2* in 2018, which performed worse than his previous album, charting at 145 in the France Top 150 Albums Chart. He toured France and Belgium shortly after the release of *Mousquetaire #2*. In September 2020, Humeau released his fifth solo, studio album *Echos*.

## Discography

### With Eiffel

### Albums

**Studio**

* 2001: *Abricotine* (EMI 850696)
* 2002: *Le Quart d'heure des ahuris* (EMI/Virgin 8132452)
* 2007: *Tandoori* (EMI 384801)
* 2009: *À tout moment* (PIAS RECORDINGS 894769)
* 2012: *Foule monstre*
* 2019: *Stupor machine*

**Live**

* 2004: *Les Yeux fermés* (double album) (Labels 576607)

### EPs

* 1999: *L'Affaire* (EP)
* 2000: *Abricotine & Quality Street* (EP)
* 2006: *Ma Part D'Ombre* (EP)

### DVDs

* 2004: *Live aux Eurockéennes de Belfort 2003*

### Solo work

**Studio albums**

* 2005: *L'Éternité De L'Instant*
* 2015: *Vendredi Ou Les Limbes Du Pacifique*
* 2016: *Mousquetaire #1*
* 2018: *Mousquetaire#2*
* 2020: *Echos*

## InfoBox

| Romain Humeau | |
| --- | --- |
| Romain Humeau (2004) | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1971-04-10) 10 April 1971
Aix-en-Provence, France |
| Genres | Rock |
| Instrument(s) | vocals, guitar, banjo, bass, piano, violin |
| Years active | since 1996 |
| Labels | PIAS Group Virgin Music
EMI |
|  | |
| Website | http://www.romain-humeau.com |