title: Giant Fijian long-horned beetle

abstract: The giant Fijian long-horned beetle is native to the island of Viti Levu in Fiji, and is one of the largest living insect species, with specimens around 15 cm long, excluding legs, antennae, or jaws. It is closely related to the Taveuni beetle, which is only marginally smaller. These beetles have powerful jaws, and should be handled with care when alive—when threatened, they produce a loud and fearsome hissing noise by squeezing air out from under their elytra. The rainforest habitat on its home island has suffered severe fragmentation by deforestation and habitat degradation by invasive species such as the small Indian mongoose, with other threats being cyclones that could devastate its remaining habitat, light pollution and human consumption of its larvae. Consequently, the beetle is regarded as rare and endangered. Xixuthrus heros is distributed in the lowland rainforests of south-east Viti Levu, with Colo-i-Suva Forest Reserve being the stronghold; natives in some nearby villages continue to consume the larvae when they split decaying wood, which is then burnt for fuel, placing additional pressures on the population. Adult beetles have been recorded in the past flying to lights in the nursing college near Suva. A scientific study in 2001/2002 determined that there are, in fact, two distinct species which had been identified as heros, one of them true heros, the other being X. ganglbaueri.

text:
# Giant Fijian long-horned beetle

The **giant Fijian long-horned beetle** (*Xixuthrus heros*) is native to the island of Viti Levu in Fiji, and is one of the largest living insect species, with specimens around 15 cm long, excluding legs, antennae, or jaws. It is closely related to the Taveuni beetle, which is only marginally smaller. These beetles have powerful jaws, and should be handled with care when alive—when threatened, they produce a loud and fearsome hissing noise by squeezing air out from under their elytra. The rainforest habitat on its home island has suffered severe fragmentation by deforestation and habitat degradation by invasive species such as the small Indian mongoose, with other threats being cyclones that could devastate its remaining habitat, light pollution and human consumption of its larvae. Consequently, the beetle is regarded as rare and endangered.

*Xixuthrus heros* is distributed in the lowland rainforests of south-east Viti Levu, with Colo-i-Suva Forest Reserve being the stronghold; natives in some nearby villages continue to consume the larvae when they split decaying wood, which is then burnt for fuel, placing additional pressures on the population. Adult beetles have been recorded in the past flying to lights in the nursing college near Suva. A scientific study in 2001/2002 determined that there are, in fact, two distinct species which had been identified as *heros*, one of them true *heros*, the other being *X. ganglbaueri*.

## Life cycle

The life cycle of *X. heros* is yet to be fully understood. Observations and historical collections suggest that these beetles are more prevalent during the months of May to September. Both male and female *X. heros* are primarily nocturnal and demonstrate embark on long-distance flights in their quest for mates and suitable host trees. Additionally, there is evidence suggesting that certain cerambycid beetles, including *X. heros*, employ sex pheromones as attractants.

## Habitat and threats

The habitat of *X. heros* is the decaying wood of large trees, typically those with a minimum diameter of 80 cm. Such substantial trees are rare in the region, with estimates indicating their presence at less than four per square kilometer. This habitat is under threat from activities like logging, land clearance for agriculture, and vulnerability to cyclone damage. Notably, *Xixuthrus* larvae have been associated with the creation of intriguing galleries within the buabua tree (*Fagraea gracilipes*, Loganiaceae).

### Logging

*Xixuthrus heros* faces imminent threats primarily linked to logging activities. Large trees, vital for the species' survival, are at risk due to extensive logging and the conversion of native forests into agricultural lands. Lowland forest habitats are swiftly vanishing, and these sizeable trees, essential for larval development, are incredibly scarce in Fijian forests.

### Agricultural encroachment and cyclones

The relentless clearance of lowland forests for agriculture further intensifies the species' vulnerability. This agricultural expansion hastens the disappearance of suitable habitats. Furthermore, the growing frequency and strength of cyclones present a significant threat to the entire range of *X. heros*. These cyclones can cause extensive damage to the remaining habitat, potentially jeopardizing the survival of the species.

### Human interactions and international trade

Fijians sometimes kill adult beetles due to their imposing size and loud hissing, particularly when attracted to electric lights. Additionally, the species has been collected for international trade, a practice that further exacerbates their scarcity. Any loss of larval or adult individuals before reproduction poses a substantial risk to the already vulnerable population.

## InfoBox

| giant Fijian long-horned beetle | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Female | |
| Conservation status | |
|
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Xixuthrus* |
| Species: | ***X. heros*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Xixuthrus heros***
(Gräffe, 1868) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Macrotoma heros* | |


title: Pretoria Forts

abstract: The Pretoria Forts consists of four forts built by the government of the South African Republic (ZAR) just before the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Boer War around their capital of Pretoria.

text:
# Pretoria Forts

The **Pretoria Forts** consists of four forts built by the government of the South African Republic (ZAR) just before the outbreak of the Second Anglo-Boer War around their capital of Pretoria.

## History

After the abortive Jameson Raid, the government of the ZAR became concerned about the safety of its capital city, Pretoria, both from foreign invasion as well as from the growing number of *uitlanders* ('foreigners') on the Witwatersrand. Consequently, a defence plan for Pretoria was drawn up by a former French artillery officer, Léon Grunberg. This plan was approved on 24 March 1896 by the Executive Council of the ZAR.

The plan recommended that eight strategic positions around the city should be fortified by means of armoured turrets equipped with artillery. The positions identified were Schanskop, Kwaggaspoort, Daspoortrand, Magaliesberg-wes, Wonderboompoort, Derdepoort, Strubenkop and Klapperkop. The armoured turrets were subsequently found to be unacceptable, and thus the plan of two German engineers, Otto Albert Adolph von Dewitz and Heinrich C Werner to build forts instead, was accepted. However, due to a lack of money, only four forts were eventually built.

## The three German forts

Fort Schanskop, Fort Wonderboompoort and Fort Klapperkop were designed by Von Dewitz and Werner of the German engineering company Krupp, assisted by architect Christiaan Kuntz and building contractor Celso Giri.

The three forts are pentagonal reinforced, with more fire range possibilities through numerous facets. Attacks from any direction could be warded off by revolving guns on their ramparts. To prevent infantry attacks, loopholes were built into the walls. Trenches, barbed-wire entanglements and fortified rooms were erected as reinforcements.

These forts were the most modern structures of their time and modern mediums of communication, such as telephones, were used to equip the telegraph room.

Many black labourers and about 400 white builders, mostly Italians, were involved in the building of these forts. To address technical aspects such as the electrical connections between forts, German and Dutch experts were consulted.

### Fort Schanskop

This fort was built at a cost of GBP £47,500. It was handed over to the government on 6 April 1897. It was supplied with a paraffin engine powered generator for electricity, electrical lighting and a search light. A telephone and telegraphic links were also installed. Water was supplied from a pump station in the Fountains Valley which was shared with the nearby Fort Klapperkop.

The garrison was initially armed with one officer and 30 men and was armed with 37 mm Maxim-Nordenfeldt cannon, Martini-Henry hand-cranked Maxim machine guns and a 155 mm Creusot gun (also known colloquially as a "Long Tom"). By October 1899, only 17 men were still stationed at the fort.

Both the garrison and the armaments were gradually reduced during the course of the Second Anglo-Boer war until there was only one man and no guns left over on 5 June 1900, the day on which British forces occupied Pretoria. The fort was briefly occupied in 1993 by Willem Ratte to protest the multi-racial government of South Africa at the cost of Boer and Afrikaner heritage.

The fort was acquired by the Voortrekker Monument complex in June 2000. A refurbished statue of Danie Theron, originally from the Danie Theron Combat School in Kimberley, was placed on the perimeter of the fort and unveiled on 6 March 2002. A scale model replica of the Trek Monument that was inaugurated on 16 December 1954 in Tanzania (then known as Tanganyika) is also situated on the perimeter of the fort.

Fort Schanskop is a Gauteng Provincial Heritage Site and a provincial heritage site.

The Fort transforms as thousands of music fans gather there for an outdoor music festival at the end of every month. Park Acoustics changes its lineup every month and features a wide range of South African acts.

### Fort Wonderboompoort

| Fort Wonderboompoort | |
| --- | --- |
| Pretoria, South Africa | |
| Outer gate of Fort Wonderboompoort | |
| Ruins of Fort Wonderboompoort | |
| Fort Wonderboompoort | |
| Coordinates | 25°41′32″S 28°11′39″E / 25.6923°S 28.1942°E / -25.6923; 28.1942 |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | South Africa |
| Open to
the public | Yes |
| Condition | Derelict |
| Site history | |
| Built | Completed 4 September 1897 (Completed 4 September 1897) |
| Built by | Friedrich Krupp AG |
| Events | Second Boer War |
| Garrison information | |
| Past
commanders | Lieutenant J. Wolmarans |
| Garrison | *Rijdende Artillerie*, later *Corps Vesting Artillerie* |
| Occupants | ±30 |

This fort was completed in September 1897 by Von Dewitz and Werner for a total cost of GBP £49,000. As with Fort Schanskop, it was also supplied with electricity, a telephone and running water.

The fort was armed with a 75 mm Creusot gun ("Long Tom"), a 37 mm Maxim-Nordenfeldt cannon and a hand-cranked Martin-Henry Maxim. Initially eighteen gunners were stationed in the fort, but both men and armaments were gradually withdrawn until only one gunner and no cannons were left on 5 June 1900.

### Fort Klapperkop

| Fort Klapperkop | |
| --- | --- |
| Pretoria, South Africa | |
| Fort Klapperkop | |
| Fort Klapperkop | |
| Coordinates | 25°46′49″S 28°12′36″E / 25.7802°S 28.2101°E / -25.7802; 28.2101 |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | South Africa |
| Open to
the public | Yes |
| Condition | Renovated |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1896 (1896) to 18 January 1898 (to 18 January 1898) |
| Built by | Friedrich Krupp AG |
| Events | Second Boer War |
| Garrison information | |
| Past
commanders | Adjutant A.S.D. Erasmus |
| Garrison | *Rijdende Artillerie*, later *Corps Vesting Artillerie* |
| Occupants | 17–30 |

*Klapperkop*, the name of the hill where the fort is located is derived from the Afrikaans name for *Strychnos pungens*, a tree that grows indigenously on the hills in the region.

This fort was constructed at a total cost of GBP £50,000. It was handed over to the Government on 18 January 1898. It was supplied with a paraffin engine powered generator for electricity, a telephone and telegraphic links. Running water was supplied from a pump station in the Fountains Valley which was shared with the nearby Fort Schanskop.

Unlike the other forts in the surrounding area, the design incorporated a moat as well as a drawbridge. The moat was never filled with water.

Fort Klapperkop was armed with a 155mm Creusot gun ("Long Tom"), a 37 mm Maxim-Nordenfeldt cannon, three Martini-Henry hand-maxims and a 65 mm Krupp Mountain Gun.

In January 1899 the fort was manned by 17 troops. In July 1899 the number of troops was increased to 30. By the end of October 1899, only 16 troops were still stationed at Fort Klapperkop. As with the other forts, men and armament were gradually withdrawn and sent elsewhere during the course of the war.

It is said: "Never a shot in anger was fired from this fort."

The area was declared a military museum. On 31 May 1979, the South African Defence Force Memorial was unveiled at Fort Klapperkop. It includes a statue of a soldier holding a R1 rifle, in memory of all members of the South African Defence Force who died serving their country. The individuals who died are honoured with an inscription on a number of marble plaques mounted around the statue. Members who have died in operations as a result of enemy action are indicated with an asterisk (\*) next to their names.

Fort Klapperkop is a Gauteng provincial heritage site.

## The French Fort

| Fort Daspoortrand | |
| --- | --- |
| Pretoria, South Africa | |
| The main entrance of Fort Daspoortrand | |
| Fort Daspoortrand | |
| Coordinates | 25°43′59″S 28°04′36″E / 25.733038°S 28.076689°E / -25.733038; 28.076689 |
| Site information | |
| Owner | Private |
| Controlled by | South Africa |
| Open to
the public | No |
| Condition | Ruined |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1896 (1896) to November 1898 (to November 1898) |
| Built by | Léon Grunberg and Sam Léon |
| Events | Second Boer War |
| Garrison information | |
| Past
commanders |  |
| Garrison | Transvaal Staatsartillerie |

Unlike the other forts, **Fort Daspoortrand** a.k.a. **Westfort** was built by Léon Grunberg and Sam Léon. It thus differed from the other forts, being hexagonal instead of pentagonal and also markedly bigger. It was completed in November 1898 at a cost of GBP £46,500. Like the other forts, it had electricity, a telephone and running water. The fort was restored between 2005 and 2007 with the help of CHAM volunteers.

Fort Daspoortrand was initially manned by twenty-five gunners and was armed with a 155mm Creusot gun ("Long Tom") and two 37 mm Maxim-Nordenfeldt cannons. As with the other forts, only one soldier and no guns were in the fort on 5 June 1900.

## British occupation of Pretoria

The forts around Pretoria were systematically disarmed long before the British forces occupied Pretoria, as both men and artillery were needed in the field.

Both Fort Klapperkop and Fort Schanskop were fired upon on 3 June 1900 by British artillery, but the fire wasn't returned and Pretoria was occupied without resistance on 5 June 1900. The forts thus never fulfilled their intended role in the defence of Pretoria. The British forces subsequently armed and manned the forts. Other smaller fortifications were also erected by them to strengthen Pretoria's defences.

## The forts after the war

After the war Fort Klapperkop and Fort Schanskop continued to be used for military purposes, but were neglected. On 8 July 1938 the two forts were declared provincial heritage sites. Fort Klapperkop was restored in 1966 and converted to a military museum and Fort Schanskop followed in 1978.

Initially there were plans to convert Fort Wonderboompoort and Fort Daspoortrand into prisons but these were never carried out. The roofs of both forts were later demolished; it was speculated that General Jan Smuts gave the orders for this during World War II, but this has never been proven.

The ownership of Fort Wonderboompoort was transferred to the City Council of Pretoria in 1954. In 1986 it was cleaned up and partially restored; it was declared a provincial heritage site the following year. A request to declare Fort Daspoortrand a heritage site as well was submitted in 1988 but this has not been approved as yet.

Fort Daspoortrand turned into a Leper Colony and was eventually abandoned and currently stands ruined on the outskirts of Pretoria.

* The South African Military History Society
* The Military Fortifications of Pretoria 1880–1902. A study of historical archaeology. A.C. van Vollenhoven. ISBN 0-620-23483-0

## InfoBox

| Fort Schanskop | |
| --- | --- |
| Pretoria, South Africa | |
| Fort Schanskop viewed from above | |
| Fort Schanskop | |
| Fort Schanskop | |
| Coordinates | 25°46′39″S 28°11′06″E / 25.7775°S 28.185°E / -25.7775; 28.185 |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | South Africa |
| Open to
the public | Yes |
| Condition | Renovated |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1896 (1896) to 6 April 1897 (to 6 April 1897) |
| Built by | Friedrich Krupp AG |
| Events | Second Boer War |
| Garrison information | |
| Past
commanders | Lieutenant A. Carlblom |
| Garrison | *Rijdende Artillerie*, later *Corps Vesting Artillerie* |
| Occupants | 31 |


title: Zippy Morocco

abstract: Anthony Joseph "Zippy" Morocco was an American two-sport athlete at the University of Georgia (UGA). From Youngstown, Ohio, Morocco played point guard for the school's basketball team and was the tailback for the school's football team. Morocco was an All-American in basketball and a record-setting tailback for the football team. Morocco holds the third-best record for yards gained on punt returns at 14.2 in UGA's record book. Morocco also averaged ten yards a carry and was called "the best pass-receiving back I've ever coached" by head coach Wally Butts. Morocco was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in 1951, but returned to UGA to play basketball, where he flourished on the court. In 1951 Morocco scored 590 points and lead the league in scoring while setting the single-season scoring record. Morocco holds the school record for free-throw shooting percentage in a single game, and the school record for free-throw shooting percentage in a single season. After the season Morocco was named the SEC's most valuable player and an All-American. He signed a contract with the Montreal Alouettes in May 1953. Morocco's athletic career ended after a hamstring injury he obtained while serving in the United States military. Morocco owned a highly successful real estate business in Athens, Georgia, after his college career. Morocco was inducted into the UGA Ring of Honor in 2002. Morocco committed suicide on April 24, 2016, after battling cancer and depression.

text:
# Zippy Morocco

**Anthony Joseph "Zippy" Morocco** (March 10, 1930 – April 24, 2016) was an American two-sport athlete at the University of Georgia (UGA). From Youngstown, Ohio, Morocco played point guard for the school's basketball team and was the tailback for the school's football team. Morocco was an All-American in basketball and a record-setting tailback for the football team. Morocco holds the third-best record for yards gained on punt returns at 14.2 in UGA's record book. Morocco also averaged ten yards a carry and was called "the best pass-receiving back I've ever coached" by head coach Wally Butts.

Morocco was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in 1951, but returned to UGA to play basketball, where he flourished on the court. In 1951 Morocco scored 590 points and lead the league in scoring while setting the single-season scoring record. Morocco holds the school record for free-throw shooting percentage in a single game, and the school record for free-throw shooting percentage in a single season. After the season Morocco was named the SEC's most valuable player and an All-American. He signed a contract with the Montreal Alouettes in May 1953. Morocco's athletic career ended after a hamstring injury he obtained while serving in the United States military.

Morocco owned a highly successful real estate business in Athens, Georgia, after his college career. Morocco was inducted into the UGA Ring of Honor in 2002. Morocco committed suicide on April 24, 2016, after battling cancer and depression.


title: Viveda

abstract: Viveda is a Lugar of the municipality of Santillana del Mar. It borders the towns of Barreda, Queveda and Camplengo, and Hinojedo. It is located 4 km from the municipal capital, Santillana del Mar, 3 km from the nearest city, Torrelavega, and about 22 km from Santander, Spain. It's located 46 meters above sea level. In 2008, it had a population of 1,080 inhabitants (INE), being the most populated in the municipality. In the Middle Ages there was a monastery here, dedicated to the Divine Savior of the World, created by repopulation in the 19th century. c. 8th century or c. 9th century. The Camino de Santiago del Norte crosses the town through the neighbourhood of La Barca. The town is easily accessible, as it is less than 3 kilometres from the junction between the Cantabrian Highway and the Plateau Highway. Until the last years of the c. 20th century, There was a palpable tendency to group together in certain areas of the town, creating two small urban centres, the rest being fields for cattle and scattered houses. During the period 1998–2003 the proliferation of individual dwellings reduced this appreciation, while since 2003 the construction of numerous housing estates has usurped the town's eminently rural character, turning it into a dormitory town for the most part and linking the small groups of dwellings together.

text:
# Viveda

**Viveda** is a Lugar of the municipality of Santillana del Mar (Cantabria, Spain). It borders the towns of Barreda (municipality of Torrelavega), Queveda and Camplengo (municipality of Santillana del Mar), and Hinojedo (municipality of Suances). It is located 4 km from the municipal capital, Santillana del Mar, 3 km from the nearest city, Torrelavega, and about 22 km from Santander, Spain.

It's located 46 meters above sea level. In 2008, it had a population of 1,080 inhabitants (INE), being the most populated in the municipality. In the Middle Ages there was a monastery here, dedicated to the Divine Savior of the World, created by repopulation in the 19th century. c.8th century or c.9th century. The Camino de Santiago del Norte crosses the town through the neighbourhood of La Barca.

The town is easily accessible, as it is less than 3 kilometres from the junction between the Cantabrian Highway and the Plateau Highway.

Until the last years of the c.20th century, There was a palpable tendency to group together in certain areas of the town, creating two small urban centres (in La Barca and Las Escuelas), the rest being fields for cattle and scattered houses. During the period 1998–2003 the proliferation of individual dwellings reduced this appreciation, while since 2003 the construction of numerous housing estates has usurped the town's eminently rural character, turning it into a dormitory town for the most part and linking the small groups of dwellings together.

## Notable people

## History

Although the exact origin of the village is unknown, it is known that the area was repopulated during the reign of Alfonso I of Asturias, the last Duke of Cantabria, who renounced the title. Viveda (finding the historical writings *Bibeda* and *Viueda*González ) It was founded on a royal road that according to some authors was a fossil of the Roman via Agrippa, in turn part of the oldest known form of the Camino de Santiago, active since the c.9th century. This branch was very frequented, even preferred to other northern variants. Juan Uría

The first reliable evidence of an early construction is provided by the foundation stone of the church of Viveda, later successively rebuilt, which dates its first construction in 878; that is, older than the Collegiate church and cloister of St Juliana itself, of whose existence we did not know until the year 987.

Viveda belonged to Santillana del Mar since ancient times, and the Duke of the Infantado appointed its mayor, as was also the case in other towns. It is necessary to distinguish here the lands of the Calderón de la Barca, which did not depend on the abbey. Among them was the Calderón family's own tower-house, well documented in the 1695 Calatrava file, as well as another tower from c.17th century, now rehabilitated as an inn.

In 1787, it had 223 inhabitants. In 1840, the judicial district of Santillana was transferred to Torrelavega, the industrial centre of the region. Between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, in order to improve the traffic of goods, new roads were opened and Viveda remained as a crossroads between the one that linked Santander with Suances and Santillana, and all these towns with Torrelavega and Reinosa, the gateway to Castile. In 1850, Pascual Madoz says of Viveda that he has 48 houses, parish church and primary school, a figure slightly higher than the 6 plots (2 with behetry) existing in 1352, among which the houses of farmers dependent on the abbey of Santillana are not counted.

Today Viveda is a village within the Santander-Torrelavega Metropolitan Area, which is undergoing rapid construction and urbanization, putting an end to its landscape of fields at the service of livestock and small orchards.

## Monuments and places of interest

Of the architecture of this town, the following stand out:

* **Palace of Viveda** (or from **Peredo**). Mountain house from the 17th-18th centuries, declared an Asset of Cultural Interest on February 26, 1982. It is situated on top of a hill. The south façade is Dimension stone. Inside, it has a square courtyard of two levels. On the doorway you can see the coat of arms of Peredo y Velarde. It is surrounded by a wall about 5 meters high, which houses a medieval portal with a coat of arms as well as the palace itself. Until 2004, there were a series of houses on a Gothic plot within the enclosure. It has recently been refurbished as an exhibition hall and other cultural uses, by the municipality of Santillana del Mar. It was built by Jorge de Peredo, governor of Ponferrada, and his wife María de Velarde.
It is traditionally known as the *Palace of the Golden Chin*, as it is said that one of its lords owned everything that could be seen, but he was so focused on money that he did not even consider laundering.
* **Medieval Tower of the Calderón de la Barca**. The tower very old (it is estimated to have been built between the c.13th century and the 15th century CE), with additions from the c.16th century, of 1417 square meters built. It was declared a historic-artistic monument in 1982 and an Asset of Local Interest by resolution of March 30, 2002. Already mentioned in the *Calatrava file* (CE 1695), it is the oldest civil building in Cantabria.
From this family descended Pedro Calderón de la Barca.
The surname derives from the fact that they owned the boat that crossed the already united course of the rivers Saja-Besaya in Barreda (from that of *Calderón*, a native of the Cantabrian town of Oreña. Fray Joseph del Río says in 1661: **Half a league distant from the town of Santillana, the metropolis of Asturias, in the mountains of Burgos, is the house of Calderón on the plain of showy eminence.** And from the tower of Viveda: **"It is bounded by the peaceful banks of the river, which there takes its name La Barca, composed of the rivers called Saja and Besaya, navigable, plentiful and very abundant in salmon.**
It is built with masonry stone and ashlar in corners and openings. It is topped by battlements and a hipped roof. It contains a chapel in a wing adjacent to the tower. Its state of conservation is deplorable.
It has been used as early as the c.21sr century, as a warehouse and stable, and the rooms and façades have been allowed to deteriorate. It is currently undergoing a rehabilitation project.
* **Parish Church El Salvador de Viveda**. There is a medieval consecration tombstone, which places the foundation of the church (later rehabilitated several times) on May 25, 878, under the direction of the Diocese of Oviedo.
A beautiful façade Romanesque is preserved, prior to the rest of the temple, dated to the c.16th century and largely rebuilt in 1730 after crumbling. It is located on one side of the Suances-Santillana highway.
* **Chapel in the Pereo district**, with a low floor and relative height.
* **Chapel** old, from the 15th or 16th centuries, whose whereabouts are unknown today.

### Other equipment

## Demographics

Historical population
| Year Pop. ±%  2000 1,020       2001 1,007 −1.3%  2002 1,009 +0.2%  2003 1,025 +1.6% | Year Pop. ±%  2004 1,060 +3.4%  2005 1,077 +1.6%  2006 1,069 −0.7%  2007 1,058 −1.0% | Year Pop. ±%  2008 1,080 +2.1%  2009 1,083 +0.3%  2010 1,097 +1.3% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Source: INE "INE: Viveda". Archived from the original on 20 September 2011. Retrieved 2 July 2010. | | |

## InfoBox

| Viveda | |
| --- | --- |
| Locality | |
|  | |
| VivedaLocation within VivedaVivedaViveda (Spain) | |
| Coordinates: 43°22′41″N 4°3′35″W / 43.37806°N 4.05972°W / 43.37806; -4.05972 | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Cantabria |
| Province | Cantabria |
| Municipality | Santillana del Mar |
| Dimensions | |
| Width | 36 km (22 mi) |
| Elevation | 46 m (151 ft) |
| Population (2015) | |
| Total | 1,176 |
| Demonym | vivedense |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 39314 |


title: Primavera (Hannibal)

abstract: "Primavera" is the second episode of the third season of the psychological thriller–horror series Hannibal. It is the 28th overall episode of the series and was written by co-executive producer Jeff Vlaming and series creator Bryan Fuller, and directed by Vincenzo Natali. It was first broadcast on June 11, 2015, on NBC. The series is based on characters and elements appearing in Thomas Harris' novels Red Dragon and Hannibal, with focus on the relationship between FBI special investigator Will Graham and Dr. Hannibal Lecter, a forensic psychiatrist destined to become Graham's most cunning enemy. The episode revolves around Will Graham recovering from his wounds at Lecter's house and surprised to discover Abigail Hobbs still alive despite her fatal injury. Graham and Abigail travel to Palermo in order to find Lecter, who is also on the radar of Inspector Rinaldo Pazzi. According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 1.66 million household viewers and gained a 0.5/2 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics, who praised the visual imagery, directing and performances, although some expressed criticism at the slow pace and the omission of Alana Bloom's and Jack Crawford's fates.

text:
# Primavera (Hannibal)

"**Primavera**" is the second episode of the third season of the psychological thrillerhorror series *Hannibal*. It is the 28th overall episode of the series and was written by co-executive producer Jeff Vlaming and series creator Bryan Fuller, and directed by Vincenzo Natali. It was first broadcast on June 11, 2015, on NBC.

The series is based on characters and elements appearing in Thomas Harris' novels *Red Dragon* and *Hannibal*, with focus on the relationship between FBI special investigator Will Graham (Hugh Dancy) and Dr. Hannibal Lecter (Mads Mikkelsen), a forensic psychiatrist destined to become Graham's most cunning enemy. The episode revolves around Will Graham recovering from his wounds at Lecter's house and surprised to discover Abigail Hobbs still alive despite her fatal injury. Graham and Abigail travel to Palermo in order to find Lecter, who is also on the radar of Inspector Rinaldo Pazzi.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 1.66 million household viewers and gained a 0.5/2 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received mostly positive reviews from critics, who praised the visual imagery, directing and performances, although some expressed criticism at the slow pace and the omission of Alana Bloom's and Jack Crawford's fates.

## Plot

After the events at Lecter's house, Graham (Hugh Dancy) wakes up in the hospital, having survived the stabbing. He then receives a visitor: Abigail Hobbs (Kacey Rohl), who managed to survive her wounds. She says that Lecter (Mads Mikkelsen) carefully knew where to cut them in order to survive, as their wounds were "surgical".

Abigail reprimands Graham for conspiring against Lecter, stating that she still believes in Lecter despite having wounded her. Graham remembers a conversation he had with Lecter where he described his "memory palace" to him, which Graham deduces to be the Norman Chapel at Palermo. Eight months later, Graham and Abigail visit the Chapel, where they analyze Lecter's view of himself as a God. The local police is investigating the Chapel after finding Dimmond's torso in the form of a human heart. Graham is approached by Chief Investigator Rinaldo Pazzi (Fortunato Cerlino), who has traveled from Florence. Pazzi is aware of Lecter and Graham, having investigated both of them before his arrival.

Lecter is known to him as "Il Mostro" or "The Monster of Florence" and Pazzi is linking him to a murder committed twenty years ag prior, where a couple was murdered and the corpses displayed like Sandro Botticelli's painting, *Primavera*, and for which another man was convicted. Pazzi hands a photograph of Dimmond's mutilation to Graham. As he is using his "ability", he is haunted when the mutilated corpse starts transforming into the stag before he snaps back to reality. He then talks with Abigail and he finally remembers that Abigail died before he was taken by the ambulance. She disappears while Lecter is shown to be watching Graham from a distance in the Chapel.

Pazzi meets with Graham, who deduces that Lecter hasn't left the city and is actually at the Chapel at that moment. They descend into the Chapel's catacombs, in pursuit of Lecter but they fail to find him. Pazzi and Graham then have an argument about their purposes and Pazzi leaves. Graham continues investigating the catacombs. Knowing that Lecter is nearby, he says aloud, "I forgive you".

## Production

### Development

In October 2014, Bryan Fuller announced that the second episode of the season would be titled "Primavera". In March 2015, Fuller announced that Vincenzo Natali would direct the episode. NBC would confirm the title in May 2015, with co-executive producer Jeff Vlaming and Fuller writing the episode and Natali directing. This was Fuller's 23rd writing credit, Vlaming's fourth writing credit, and Natali's fourth directing credit.

### Writing

According to Fuller, the repercussions of the second season finale would not be revealed until "episode 2 or 3." The episode focuses on Will Graham after the events of the finale.

### Casting

At the 2014 San Diego Comic-Con, Fuller confirmed that Inspector Rinaldo Pazzi would make his debut in the episode.

## Reception

### Viewers

The episode was watched by 1.66 million viewers, earning a 0.5/2 in the 18-49 rating demographics on the Nielson ratings scale. This means that 0.5 percent of all households with televisions watched the episode, while 2 percent of all households watching television at that time watched it. This was a 36% decrease from the previous episode, which was watched by 2.57 million viewers with a 0.7/2 in the 18-49 demographics. With these ratings, *Hannibal* ranked third on its timeslot and eleventh for the night in the 18-49 demographics, behind an *Elementary* rerun, *Aquarius*, a *Mom* rerun, a *Mike & Molly* rerun, *Wayward Pines*, a *The Odd Couple* rerun, *Dateline NBC*, *Bones*, *Jimmy Kimmel Live! Game Night*, a *The Big Bang Theory* rerun, and the fourth game of the 2015 NBA Finals.

With DVR factored, the episode was watched with a 0.8 on the 18-49 demo.

### Critical reviews

"Primavera" received mostly positive reviews from critics. Eric Goldman of IGN gave the episode a "great" 8.7 out of 10 and wrote in his verdict: "After last week focused on Hannibal and Bedelia, this episode continued to tweak the show's formula by focusing almost entirely on Will, as we found him following Hannibal overseas eight months after nearly being killed by him. The fake out with Abigail was both well done and heartbreaking, as we saw that sequence where Will was successfully operated on while Abigail's corpse was sewn up, underlining just what Will lost that night (again, given he already thought she was dead!) in a tangible, blunt way."

Molly Eichel of *The A.V. Club* gave the episode a "B+" and wrote, "*Hannibal* is pushing it a bit for me on the arty front. Look, I love the imagery of blood waves as much as the next girl, but I'm also a fan of straight narrative TV and sometimes that's what I crave over something inherently more complicated than that. Call me simple, call me unchallenging. I still think this show is gorgeous, but sometimes I'd like to see fewer blood droplets, and more linear plot."

Alan Sepinwall of *HitFix* wrote, "Two-plus seasons into *Hannibal*, I thought I had mentally prepared myself for whatever crazy visions this show wanted to put in front of me. I thought I would be some combination impressed, amused, and horrified, but that I would ultimately take it in stride as just being part of this weird and beautiful show. I thought I was ready for anything. I was wrong. The deer man is the freakiest goddamn image that Bryan Fuller and company have given us to date." Mark Rozeman of *Paste* gave the episode a 9.3 out of 10 and wrote, "'Primavera' offers up the kind of cinematic grandeur demonstrated in 'Antipasto' while upping the gore factor tremendously. As a result, the hour comes across as much more like a glorified *Hannibal* episode than the premiere, which felt like somewhat of a different beast entirely." Jeff Stone of *IndieWire* gave the episode an "A−" and wrote, "There have been some remarkable, awful sights of aesthetically-pleasing horrors on this show, but the one in 'Primavera' might just take the cake."

Brian Moylan of *The Guardian* wrote, "Now that Will and Hannibal are so close together, we can expect things in Europe to progress quickly. But what about the rest of the cast? Did anyone else survive Hannibal's vicious attack at his home at the end of last season? Maybe none of them did, but Will can just keep imagining people when he needs to. What a funny way to have a show. It will be like Herman's Head, but with a lot more blood." Keith Staskiewicz of *Entertainment Weekly* wrote, "The word 'fugue' itself can be traced to the Latin words fugere and fugare, which mean 'to flee' and 'to chase' respectively. It's clear the hunt is on, but it's not quite evident yet who is going to end up doing the fleeing and who the chasing."

Kayti Burt of *Den of Geek* gave the episode a 4 star rating out of 5 and wrote, "The degree to which *Hannibal* is willing to withhold answers and meaning while still managing to present a thoroughly engrossing show from week-to-week is refreshing. We don't have to understand everything that is going on, not everything has to be explained or wrapped up by episode's end. In some way, this confusion creates a connection with Will's character that transcends the visual and more traditionally narrative methods of relatability. Besides, after two seasons of this show, we expect more from this show than narrative handholding. We expect to work for our meaning." Nick McHatton of *TV Fanatic* gave the episode a 4.5 star rating out of 5 and wrote, "As usual, the visuals in this episode were absolutely stunning. For all our talk of Hannibal leaving everyone in a pool of blood, we got a literal pool of blood drowning Will in the beginning. I loved the beauty of the falling paper at Hannibal's house as Will woke up in perfect symmetry with the windows." Emma Dibdin of *Digital Spy* wrote, "As disorienting and dreamlike as 'Antipasto' felt, it's nothing in comparison to this episode, which unfolds entirely from Will's perspective and paints the landscape of his mind as more treacherous and unreliable than ever."

Adam Lehrer of *Forbes* wrote, "So, Will is alive and Abigail is dead. We still don't know whether Jack and/or Alana survived *Hannibal*'s Season 2 finale massacre. But for now, I am excited to watch Hannibal and Will come to terms with their feelings for one another." Britt Hayes of *ScreenCrush* wrote, "This is such a rich, complex episode, and one that will likely reward repeat viewings. The conversations between Will and Abigail are just so heavy with meaning. It’s like a thesis statement for Season 3."

## InfoBox

| "**Primavera**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Hannibal* episode | |
| Episode no. | Season 3<br>Episode 2 |
| Directed by | Vincenzo Natali |
| Written by |  |
| Featured music | Brian Reitzell |
| Cinematography by | James Hawkinson |
| Editing by | Michael Doherty |
| Production code | 302 |
| Original air date | June 11, 2015 (2015-06-11) |
| Running time | 44 minutes |
| Guest appearances | |
| * Fortunato Cerlino as Rinaldo Pazzi * Kacey Rohl as Abigail Hobbs * Anthony Massullo as Poliziotto Lamanna * Davide D'izzia as Inspector Donaggio * Dwight Ireland as Doctor * Paul Sturino as Poliziotto Officer | |
|
|


title: Niraparib/abiraterone acetate

abstract: Niraparib/abiraterone acetate, sold under the brand name Akeega, is a fixed-dose combination anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of prostate cancer. It contains niraparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, and abiraterone acetate, a CYP17 inhibitor. The most common side effects include anemia, high blood pressure, constipation, tiredness, nausea, thrombocytopenia, difficulty breathing, back pain, reduced appetite, neutropenia, joint pain, vomiting, low levels of potassium, dizziness, difficulty sleeping, high blood glucose levels, and urinary tract infection. Niraparib/abiraterone acetate was approved for medical use in the European Union in April 2023, and in the United States in August 2023.

text:
# Niraparib/abiraterone acetate

**Niraparib/abiraterone acetate**, sold under the brand name **Akeega**, is a fixed-dose combination anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of prostate cancer. It contains niraparib, a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor (antineoplastic agent), and abiraterone acetate, a CYP17 inhibitor (hormone antagonist).

The most common side effects include anemia (low levels of red blood cells), high blood pressure, constipation, tiredness, nausea, thrombocytopenia (low levels of blood platelets), difficulty breathing, back pain, reduced appetite, neutropenia (low levels of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell), joint pain, vomiting, low levels of potassium, dizziness, difficulty sleeping, high blood glucose levels, and urinary tract infection.

Niraparib/abiraterone acetate was approved for medical use in the European Union in April 2023, and in the United States in August 2023.

## Medical uses

In the European Union, niraparib/abiraterone is indicated for the treatment of adults with prostate cancer. It is for people who have genetic mutations known as BRCA 1/2 mutations and who cannot have chemotherapy. It is used in combination with prednisolone or another medicine prednisone, which is converted into prednisolone.

In the United States, niraparib/abiraterone is indicated, in combination with prednisone, for adults with deleterious or suspected deleterious BRCA-mutated castration-resistant prostate cancer, as determined by an FDA-approved test.

## History

Efficacy was evaluated in cohort 1 of MAGNITUDE (NCT03748641), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolling 423 participants with homologous recombination repair (HRR) gene-mutated mCRPC. Participants were randomized (1:1) to receive niraparib 200 mg and abiraterone acetate 1,000 mg plus prednisone 10 mg daily or placebo and abiraterone acetate plus prednisone daily. Participants were required to have a prior orchiectomy or be receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogues. Participants with mCRPC were eligible if they had not received prior systemic therapy in the mCRPC setting except for a short duration of prior abiraterone acetate plus prednisone (up to four months) and ongoing ADT. Participants could have received prior docetaxel or androgen-receptor (AR) targeted therapies in earlier disease settings. Randomization was stratified by prior docetaxel, prior AR targeted therapy, prior abiraterone acetate plus prednisone, and BRCA status. Of the 423 participants enrolled, 225 (53%) had prospectively determined BRCA gene mutations (BRCAm). No benefit was observed in mCRPC participants without an HRR gene mutation (Cohort 2 of MAGNITUDE) as the criterion for futility was met.

## Society and culture

On 23 February 2023, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) of the European Medicines Agency (EMA) adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the medicinal product Akeega, intended for the treatment of adults with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer with BRCA 1/BRCA 2 mutations. The applicant for this medicinal product is Janssen-Cilag International N.V. Niraparib/abiraterone acetate was approved for medical use in the European Union in April 2023. It was approved for use in the United States in August 2023, based on the Phase 3 MAGNITUDE study.

## InfoBox

Niraparib/abiraterone acetate
| Combination of | |
| --- | --- |
| Niraparib | Antineoplastic agent |
| Abiraterone acetate | Hormone antagonist |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Akeega |
| License data |  |
| Routes of<br>administration | By mouth |
| ATC code |  |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |  |
| Identifiers | |
| KEGG |  |


title: Paradise Fire

abstract:
Paradise Fire may refer to:
  - Paradise Fire (2003), a 2003 California wildfire that burned in San Diego County, California between October and November 2003
  - Paradise Fire (2005), a 2005 California wildfire that burned in San Bernardino County, California in June 2005
  - Paradise Fire (2008), a 2008 California wildfire that burned in Humboldt County, California in 2008
  - Paradise Fire (2015), a 2015 Washington wildfire that burned in Olympic National Park, Washington in 2015
  - Paradise Fire (2017), a fire that merged into the High Cascades Complex fires in Oregon in August 2017
  - Paradise Fire (2018), another name for the Camp Fire (2018) in Butte County, California
  - Paradise Fire (2021), a fire in north-central Kansas, that began on December 17, 2021 and burned about 400,000 acres. Two people died. The area has many farms and ranches, and a large number of cattle died.

text:
# Paradise Fire

**Paradise Fire** may refer to:

* Paradise Fire (2003), a 2003 California wildfire that burned in San Diego County, California between October and November 2003
* Paradise Fire (2005), a 2005 California wildfire that burned in San Bernardino County, California in June 2005
* Paradise Fire (2008), a 2008 California wildfire that burned in Humboldt County, California in 2008
* Paradise Fire (2015), a 2015 Washington wildfire that burned in Olympic National Park, Washington in 2015
* Paradise Fire (2017), a fire that merged into the High Cascades Complex fires in Oregon in August 2017
* Paradise Fire (2018), another name for the Camp Fire (2018) in Butte County, California
* Paradise Fire (2021), a fire in north-central Kansas, that began on December 17, 2021 and burned about 400,000 acres. Two people died. The area has many farms and ranches, and a large number of cattle died.


abstract: India competed at the 1999 World Athletics Championships in Seville, Spain from 21 to 29 August 1999.

text:
# India at the 1999 World Championships in Athletics

**India** competed at the **1999 World Athletics Championships** in Seville, Spain from 21 to 29 August 1999.

## Results

Key * **Q** = Qualified for the next round
* **q** = Qualified for the next round as a fastest loser *or*, in field events, by position without achieving the qualifying target
* **NR** = National record
* **PB** = Personal best
* **SB** = Season best
* **N/A** = Round not applicable for the event

### Men

Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Shakti Singh | Shot Put | 18.58m | 23 | Did not advance | |

### Women

**Track events**

| Athlete | Event | Heat | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Result | Rank | Result | Rank |
| Sunita Rani | 5000 metres | 15:41:81 | 10 | Did Not Advance | |
| M.K Asha
K. Mathews Beenamol
Rosa Kutty
Jincy Phillip | 4 × 400 metres relay | 3:36.54 | 4 | Did Not Advance | |

Field events

| Athlete | Event | Qualification | | Final | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Distance | Position | Distance | Position |
| Neelam Jaswant Singh | Discus Throw | 57.05m | 27 | Did not advance | |
| Gurmeet Kaur | Javelin Throw | 51.97m | 26 | Did not advance | |

*

## InfoBox

| India at the
1999 World Athletics Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Flag of India | |
| WA code | IND |
| National federation | Athletics Federation of India |
| Website | https://indianathletics.in |
| in Seville, Spain
21–29 August 1999 | |
| Competitors | 8 (1 man and 7 women) in 5 events |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| World Athletics Championships appearances (overview) | |
|  | |


title: Pseudopostega amphivittata

abstract: Pseudopostega amphivittata is a species of moth of the family Opostegidae. It was described by Puplesis and Robinson in 1999. It is known only from Sulawesi in Indonesia.

text:
# Pseudopostega amphivittata

***Pseudopostega amphivittata*** is a species of moth of the family Opostegidae. It was described by Puplesis and Robinson in 1999. It is known only from Sulawesi in Indonesia.

## InfoBox

| *Pseudopostega amphivittata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Opostegidae |
| Genus: | *Pseudopostega* |
| Species: | ***P. amphivittata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pseudopostega amphivittata***<br>Puplesis & Robinson, 1999 | |
|


abstract: The Primetime Emmy Award for Picture Editing for Variety Programming is awarded to one television series each year. From 2012 to 2015, the category was called Outstanding Picture Editing for Short-Form Segments and Variety Specials. Prior to 2012, short-form segments and variety specials competed independently of one another. In the following list, the first titles listed in gold are the winners; those not in gold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place.

text:
# Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for Variety Programming

The **Primetime Emmy Award for Picture Editing for Variety Programming** is awarded to one television series each year. From 2012 to 2015, the category was called Outstanding Picture Editing for Short-Form Segments and Variety Specials. Prior to 2012, short-form segments and variety specials competed independently of one another.

In the following list, the first titles listed in gold are the winners; those not in gold are nominees, which are listed in alphabetical order. The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place.

## Winners and nominations

indicates the winner

**Outstanding Videotape Editing for a Limited Series or a Special**

### 1970s

| Year | Program | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1976
 |
| | *Alice Cooper: The Nightmare* (*In Concert*) | Nick V. Giordano | ABC |
| | *The Hemingway Play* (*Hollywood Television Theatre*) | Roy Stewart | PBS |
| | *Mitzi... Roarin' in the 20's'* | Rex Bagwell, Frank Phillips | CBS |
| | *Texaco Presents: A Quarter Century of Bob Hope on Television* | Hal Collins, Danny White | NBC |
| 1977
 |
| | *American Bandstand's 25th Anniversary* | Gary Anderson | ABC |
| | *The Barry Manilow Special* | William H. Breshears, Thomas Klein | ABC |
| | *The Captain and Tennille Special* | | Susan Jenkins, Manuel Martinez, |
| | *The Dorothy Hamill Special* | | Jimmy B. Frazier, Danny White |
| | *The Neil Diamond Special* | Barbara Babcock, William H. Breshears | NBC |
| | *Victory at Entebbe* | Mike Gavaldon, James McElroy, David Saxon | ABC |
| 1978
 |
| | *The Sentry Collection Presents Ben Vereen: His Roots* | Pam Marshall, Andy Zall | ABC |
| | *The Carpenters...Space Encounters* | Jimmy B. Frazier | ABC |
| | *The Goldie Hawn Special* | Ed J. Brennan | CBS |
| | *Superstunt* | Harvey W. Berger, Jimmy B. Frazier, Terry Greene, Marco Zappia | NBC |
| | *Texaco Presents: Bob Hope in a Very Special Special* | | Chip Brooks, Hal Collins |
| 1979 | Outstanding Video Tape Editing for a Limited Series or a Special | | | |
| | *The Scarlet Letter* ("Part 2") | Ken Denisoff, Tucker Wiard, Janet McFadden | PBS |
| | *The Cheryl Ladd Special* | Andy Zall | ABC |
| | *Liberace: A Valentine Special* | Marco Zappia | CBS |
| | *The Muppets Go Hollywood* | | Darryl Sutton |
| | Outstanding Individual Achievement - Special Class | | | |
| | *The 51st Annual Academy Awards* | Terry Pickford, Michael L. Wenig | ABC |
| | *The Television Annual: 1978/1979* | | David W. Foster, Eddie C. Joseph |
|

### 1980s

| Year | Program | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1980
(32nd) | Outstanding Video Tape Editing for a Limited Series or a Special | | | |
| | *Olivia Newton-John: Hollywood Nights* | Danny White | ABC |
| | *Baryshnikov on Broadway* | Andy Zall | ABC |
| | *The Donna Summer Special* | | Terry Climer |
| | *Perry Como's Christmas in New Mexico* | | Marco Zappia |
| | Outstanding Individual Achievement - Special Class | | | |
| | *Bob Hope's Overseas Christmas Tours: Around the World with the Troops — 1941-1972* | Darryl Sutton | NBC |
| 1981
 |
| | *Perry Como's Christmas in the Holy Land* | Branda Miller, Marco Zappia | ABC |
| | *The American Film Institute Salute to Fred Astaire* | Harvey W. Berger, Andy Schubert | CBS |
| | *Diana* | | Terry W. Greene, Ron Menzies |
| | *John Schneider: Back Home* | | Pam Marshall |
| | *The Tom and Dick Smothers Brothers Special I* | Raymond M. Bush | NBC |
| 1982
(32nd) | Outstanding Video Tape Editing for a Limited Series or a Special | | | |
| | *American Bandstand's 30th Anniversary Special* | William H. Breshears, Pam Marshall, Tucker Ward | ABC |
| | *Ain't Misbehavin'* | Ed J. Brennan | NBC |
| | *Lily for President?* | Jimmy B. Frazier, Ken Laski | CBS |
| | *Perry Como's French-Canadian Christmas* | Pam Marshall | ABC |
| | *Working* (*American Playhouse*) | Roy Stewart | PBS |
| | Outstanding Individual Achievement - Creative Special Achievement | | | |
| | *Shirley MacLaine... Illusions* | Andy Zall | CBS |
| 1983
 |
| | *Special Bulletin* | Arden Rynew | NBC |
| | *Big Bird in China* | Ken Gutstein | NBC |
| | *David Frost Presents: The Fourth International Book of World Records* | Ken Denisoff | ABC |
| | *Motown 25: Yesterday, Today, Forever* | Danny White | NBC |
| 1984
 |
| | *AFI Life Achievement Award: A Tribute to Lillian Gish* | Jim McQueen, Catherine Shields | CBS |
| | *The Best of Everything* | Branda Miller, Marco Zappia | NBC |
| | *The Chemical People* | Catherine Hughes, Vern Oakley, Christine Ochtun, Nicholas Spies | PBS |
| | *New York City Ballet's Tribute to George Balanchine* (*Live from Lincoln Center*) | | Frank C. Cernese, Matty Powers |
| | *Perry Como's Christmas in New York* | Pam Marshall | ABC |
| | *The Stars Salute the U.S. Olympic Team* | Manuel Martinez | NBC |
| | *Super Night of Rock 'N Roll* | | David Fairfield, Mark West, Andy Zall |
| 1985
 |
| | *Sweeney Todd* (*Great Performances*) | Jimmy B. Frazier | PBS |
| | *David Frost Presents: The Fifth International Book of World Records* | Jeff Bass, Roger Berger, Bruce Gowers, Michael Sachs, Marco Zappia | ABC |
| | *Motown Returns to the Apollo* | Frank Mazzaro, Mark West | NBC |
| | *Olympic Gala* | Michael L. Weitzman | ABC |
| | *Perry Como's Christmas in England* | | Kris Trexler |
|

**Outstanding Editing for a Miniseries or a Special (Multi-Camera Production)**

| Year | Program | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1986
 |
| | *American Bandstand's 33-1/3 Celebration* | Pam Marshall | ABC |
| | *Neil Diamond... Hello Again* | Kevin Fernan, Mark West | CBS |
| 1987
 |
| | *Happy Birthday, Hollywood* | Kris Trexler | ABC |
| | *Minnelli on Minnelli: Liza Remembers Vincente* | Steven Hess, Vic Lowrey | PBS |
| | *The Pointer Sisters... Up All Nite* | Mark Fernan, Mark West | NBC |
| 1988
 |
| | *Julie Andrews... The Sound of Christmas* | Bob Jenkis, Mark West, Andy Zall | ABC |
| | *The Barbara Walters Specials* ("Glenn Close, Oprah Winfrey and Cher") | Mark Oberthaler, Ann Woodward | ABC |
| | *Plaza Suite* | | Robert Bernstein |
| | *Willie Nelson, Texas Style* | Pam Marshall | CBS |
| 1989
 |
| | *Dance in America: Gregory Hines — Tap Dance in America* (*Great Performances*) | Mark West | PBS |
| | *The 50th Barbara Walters Special* | Mark Oberthaler, Ann Woodward | ABC |
| | *Disney/MGM Studios Theme Park Grand Opening* | Terry Climer, Jeff Palmer, Kris Trexler | NBC |
| | *Late Night with David Letterman's 7th Anniversary Special* | | George Magda |
| | *A Raisin in the Sun* (*American Playhouse*) | Gary Anderson | PBS |
|

### 1990s

| Year | Program | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1990
 |
| | *The Best of The Tracey Ullman Show* | M. Pam Blumenthal, Douglas Hines, Brian K. Roberts | Fox |
| | *Dance in America: Bob Fosse — Steam Heat* (*Great Performances*) | Girish Bhargava | PBS |
| | *Julie & Carol: Together Again* | Kris Trexler | ABC |
| | *Sammy Davis Jr.'s 60th Anniversary Celebration* | | Keith Fernandes, Donn Hoyer, Michael Kelly, Barney Robinson, Maria Schlatter, David Vernon |
| | *Seinfeld* ("The Stake Out") | Robert Souders | NBC |
| 1991
 |
| | *The Muppets Celebrate Jim Henson* | Girish Bhargava, David Gumpel | CBS |
| | *The Best of Disney: 50 Years of Magic* | Harry Arends, Bruce Bailey, Kevin Miller, Robert P. Schneider, Mark West | ABC |
| | *Cheers: 200th Anniversary Special* | Andy Ackerman | NBC |
| | *The Magic of David Copperfield XIII: Mystery on the Orient Express* | Ray Miller, Tony Teresi, George Verschoor | CBS |
| | *Red, Hot & Blue* | Harry Arends, David Fairfield, Booey Kober, Bruce Motyer | ABC |
|

**Outstanding Multi-Camera Picture Editing for a Miniseries, Movie or a Special**

| Year | Program | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1992
 |
| | *The Magic of David Copperfield XIV: Flying — Live the Dream* | Ray Miller, Jeff U'Ren | CBS |
| | *Cirque du Soleil II: A New Experience* | Vidal Beique | HBO |
| | *Sting at the Hollywood Bowl* | Michael Burlingame, Sean Fullan | Disney Channel |
| 1993
 |
| | *The Magic of David Copperfield XV: Fires of Passion* | Larry Lyman, Ray Miller, Jeff U'Ren | CBS |
| | *Bob Hope: The First 90 Years* | Harry Arends, David Blewitt, Susan Eisner, Eve Gage, James R. Hardy, Floyd Ingram, Rick Piccini, Robert P. Schneider, Douglass M. Stewart Jr. | NBC |
| | *The Carol Burnett Show: A Reunion* | Robert Bernstein | CBS |
| | *Dance in America: The Hard Nut* (*Great Performances*) | Girish Bhargava | PBS |
| | *For Our Children: The Concert* | Michael Polito | Disney Channel |
| | *Rowan and Martin's Laugh-In: 25th Anniversary Reunion* | Tim Amyx, Cary Gries, Donn Hoyer, Mark Raudonis, Barney Robinson | NBC |
| 1994
 |
| | *David Copperfield: 15 Years of Magic* | Alan Carter, Ray Miller, Mike Satterfield, David D. Williams | CBS |
| | *Carol Burnett: The Special Years* | Robert Bernstein, Evan Wright | CBS |
| | *Porgy and Bess* (*American Playhouse* / *Great Performances*) | St. John O'Rorke | PBS |
| | *Rowan and Martin's Laugh-In: A Valentine's Day Special* | Tim Amyx, Cary Gries, Donn Hoyer, Mick Kollins, Barney Robinson | NBC |
| | *Tracey Ullman Takes On New York* | Michael Hunt | HBO |
| 1995
 |
| | *The Magic of David Copperfield XVI: Unexplained Forces* | Ray Miller, Jeff U'Ren | CBS |
| | *Barbra Streisand: The Concert* | Bruce Motyer | HBO |
| | *Eagles: Hell Freezes Over* | Stan Kellam | MTV |
| | *Sinatra: Duets* | Donn Hoyer, Ned Kerwin, Valerie Remy, Barney Robinson, Laurie Schmidt | CBS |
| | *Tibor Rudas Presents The Three Tenors in Concert 1994* | Ray Miller | PBS |
| 1996
 |
| | *20 Years of Comedy on HBO* | Mark West | HBO |
| | *Kelsey Grammer Salutes Jack Benny* | Ray Miller, Leslie Tong | NBC |
| | *The Kennedy Center Honors* | Michael Polito | CBS |
| | *Pavarotti on Miami Beach* | Tim Clark, Floyd Ingram, Richard J. Piccini | PBS |
| | *Sinatra: 80 Years My Way* | Beth Gallagher, Donn Hoyer, Nikole Hoyer, Ned Kerwin, Maria S. Schlatter | ABC |
| 1997
 |
| | *The Kennedy Center Honors* | Randy Magalski, Mark Muheim, Michael Polito, Catherine Shields, Joe Wiedenmeyer | CBS |
| | *Bette Midler: Diva Las Vegas* | Troy Okoniewski, Jeff U'Ren | HBO |
| | *Disney's Beauty and the Beast: A Concert on Ice* | Ron Barr, Steve Binder | CBS |
| | *Happy Birthday Elizabeth: A Celebration of Life* | Michael Polito | ABC |
| | *Robert Altman's Jazz '34: Remembrances of Kansas City Swing* (*Great Performances*) | Brent Carpenter, Dylan Tichenor | PBS |
| 1998
 |
| | *Stomp Out Loud* | Richard Daws, Jason Porthouse | HBO |
| | *AMC Salute to Film Noir* | Floyd Ingram | AMC |
| | *Garth Brooks: Ireland and Back* | Michael Salomon | NBC |
| | *The Kennedy Center Honors* | Barbara S. Ballow, Randy Magalski, Mark Muheim, Michael Polito, Joe Wiedenmayer | CBS |
| | *Quincy Jones... The First 50 Years* | Alan Carter, Randy Magalski | ABC |
| | *Variety and Virtuosity: American Ballet Theatre Now* (*Great Performances*) | Girish Bhargava | PBS |
| 1999
 |
| | *The Kennedy Center Honors* | Barbara S. Ballow, Randy Magalski, Mark Muheim, Michael Polito, Joe Wiedenmayer | CBS |
| | *Celine Dion: These Are Special Times* | Booey Kober | CBS |
| | *Disney's Young Musician's Symphony Orchestra* | Bruce Motyer | Disney Channel |
| | *The Kennedy Center Presents: A Tribute to Muddy Waters* | Sean Fullan | PBS |
| | *Late Show with David Letterman: Fifth Anniversary Special* | Steve Babb, Tom Catusi, Keith Debetham, Michael Goldsmith, Mark Spada | CBS |
| | *The World's Greatest Magic V* | Ray Miller | NBC |
|

### 2000s

| Year | Program | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000
 |
| | *A Supernatural Evening with Santana* | Bill DeRonde | Fox |
| | *The 72nd Annual Academy Awards* | Patrick Clancey, Bruce Hepler, Mark Intravartolo, Alexandra Komisaruk, Joan La Duca, Randy Magalski, Tom McQuade, Michael Polito, Andy Ralston, Michael J. Shapiro, Matthew Sharp, Douglass M. Stewart Jr., Paula S. Vannucci, Steve Welch, Jeremy Workman, Chuck Workman | ABC |
| | *AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars* | Sue "Spyke" Hirshon, Barry A. O'Brien, Tim Preston | CBS |
| | *Chris Rock: Bigger and Blacker* | Grady Cooper | HBO |
| | *Here's to You, Charlie Brown: 50 Great Years!* | Brian Schnuckel | CBS |
| 2001
 |
| | *Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band: Live in New York City* | Thom Zimny | HBO |
| | *The 73rd Annual Academy Awards* | June Beallor, Jon Bloom, Maura Corey, Brian Derby, Glenn Erickson, Alexandra Komisaruk, Mark Leiss, Maureen Nolan, Barry A. O'Brien, Michael Polito, Jeff Roe, Michael J. Shapiro, Matthew Sharp, Douglass M. Stewart Jr., Yoram Tal, Chuck Workman | ABC |
| | *Barbra Streisand: Timeless* | Michael Polito | Fox |
| | *Elton John: One Night Only – Greatest Hits Live* | Dave Gardener, Tim Kelly, Booey Kober | CBS |
| | *Hendrix* | Nancy Richardson | Showtime |
| 2002
 |
| | *A&E in Concert: Sting in Tuscany ...All This Time* | Scott C. Wilson | A&E |
| | *The 74th Annual Academy Awards* | Doug Abel, Lewis Cohen, Kyle Cooper, Ben Daughtrey, Bill DeRonde, Beth Dewey, Jeffrey Doe, Sean Fanton, Susan Franco, Justine Gerenstein, William Goldenberg, Michael Johnson, Alexandra Komisaruk, Barnaby Levy, Dave Maguire, Paul Marengo, Richard Marks, Errol Morris, Geoff Nelson, Tia Nolan, Barry A. O'Brien, Michael Polito, Meg Reticker, Jeff Roe, Gary Ross, Terilyn Shropshire, Brian Smith, Douglass M. Stewart Jr., Yoram Tal, Brent White, Danielle White, Chuck Workman, John Zimmer | ABC |
| | *Come Together: A Night for John Lennon's Words and Music* | Ron Andreassen, Eric Singer, Eli Tishberg | TNT |
| | *Janet Jackson: In Concert from Hawaii* | Michael Polito, Ryan Polito, Jeff Roe | HBO |
| | *John Leguizamo's Sexaholix... A Love Story* | | Chad Callner |
| | *U2 Elevation 2001: Live from Boston* | Guy Harding, Brian McCue, Tim Qualtrough | VH1 |
| 2003
 |
| | *AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions: America's Greatest Love Stories* | Debra Light, Barry A. O'Brien, Tim Preston | CBS |
| | *The 75th Annual Academy Awards* | Jon Bloom, John Burridge, Tony Cacciarelli, Maura Corey, Brian Derby, Karen Erickson, Susan Franco, Radu Ion, Alexandra Komisaruk, Paul Marengo, Dirk Meenen, Michael Polito, Jeff Roe, Phil Savenick, Michael J. Shapiro, Matthew Sharp, Mark Stepp, Douglass M. Stewart Jr., Yoram Tal, Paula S. Vannucci, John Wesley Whitton, Lucas Wilson, Chuck Workman, John Zimmer | ABC |
| | *Bruce Springsteen & The E Street Band: Live in Barcelona* | Thom Zimny | CBS |
| | *The 25th Annual Kennedy Center Honors* | | John Francis, Anny Meza, Mark Muheim, Mike Polito, Yoram Tal, Joseph Wiedenmayer |
| | *Paul McCartney's Back in the U.S.* | Jason Brandenberg, Niven Howie, Zoran Jevremov | ABC |
| 2004
 |
| | *A&E in Concert: Paul McCartney in Red Square* | Lance Cain, Zoran Jevremov | A&E |
| | *A&E in Concert: Sting – Sacred Love* | Chris Osterhus, Scott Richter | A&E |
| | *The 76th Annual Academy Awards* | Cole Barager, Jon Bloom, Tony Cacciarelli, Gus Comegys, Brian Derby, Bill DeRonde, Beth Dewey, Karen Erickson, Kevin Finn, John Francis, Dean Holland, Tiffany Hope, Eric Hornberger, Scott Kirby, Paul Marengo, Dirk Meenen, Troy Miller, Michael Polito, Ryan Polito, Jeff Roe, Joe Saccone, Michael J. Shapiro, Matthew Sharp, Andrew Solt, Mark Stepp, John Sterneman, Douglass M. Stewart Jr., Yoram Inon Tal, Ray Wolf, Chuck Workman, John Zimmer | ABC |
| | *AFI Life Achievement Award: A Tribute to Robert De Niro* | Debra Light, Adam "Chip" Pauken, Mike Polito, Ryan Polito, Thelma Schoonmaker, Martin Scorsese, Yoram Inon Tal | USA |
| | *Friends: The One Before The Last One — 10 Years of Friends* | Todd Felker, Sven Nilsson, Stephen Prime, Kenny Tintorri | NBC |
|

**Outstanding Picture Editing for a Special (Single or Multi-Camera)**

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2005
 |
| | *Eric Clapton: Crossroads Guitar Festival (Great Performances)* | | Gary Bradley | PBS |
| | *The 77th Annual Academy Awards* | | Martin Apelbaum, June Beallor, Carsten Becker, Jon Bloom, Tony Cacciarelli, Tim Carras, Gus Comegys, Kyle Cooper, Kimberly Cooper, Maura Corey, Brian Derby, Beth Dewey, Karen Erickson, Shawn Fedorchuk, John Francis, Scott Kirby, Josh Laurence, Barnaby Levy, Paul Marengo, David J. Martell, David E. Miller, Paul Nesmith, Barry A. O'Brien, Michael Polito, Ryan Polito, Jeff Roe, Michael J. Shapiro, Matthew Sharp, John Sterneman, Douglass M. Stewart Jr., Carol Streit, Yoram Inon Tal, Chuck Workman, John Zimmer | ABC |
| | *Dave Chappelle: For What It's Worth* | | Jeff U'Ren | Showtime |
| | *The Games of the XXVIII Olympiad: Opening Ceremony* | | Jim Bell, Phil Chalmers, Patrice Freymond, Jim O'Farrell | NBC |
| | *Tracey Ullman: Live and Exposed* | | Tammis Chandler | HBO |
| 2006
 |
| | *The Kennedy Center Honors* | | Anny Meza, Michael Polito, Catherine Shields, John Zimmer | CBS |
| | *The 78th Annual Academy Awards* | | June Beallor, Jon Bloom, Troy Miller, Michael Polito, Michael J. Shapiro, Douglass M. Stewart Jr., Chuck Workman | ABC |
| | *Bill Maher: I'm Swiss* | | Sara Aderhold, El Armstrong | HBO |
| | *A Concert for Hurricane Relief* | | Rico Bolognino, Jim Jenkin, Paul Musilli, Sean Sohl, Barry Spitzer | NBC |
| | *Dance in America: Swan Lake with the American Ballet Theatre (Great Performances)* | | Girish Bhargava | PBS |
| | *The XX Olympic Winter Games: Opening Ceremony* | | Patrice Freymond, Jim O'Farrell, Rachel Pillar, Howard Tate, Don Vermeulen | NBC |
| 2007
 |
| | *Ciruq Du Solei: Corteo* | | Sylvain Lebel | Bravo |
| | *The 79th Annual Academy Awards* | | Michael Polito, Jeff Roe, Douglass M. Stewart Jr., Kyle Cooper, Neil Travis, Chuck Workman, Steve Sidwell | ABC |
| | *Lewis Black: Red, White & Screwed* | | Jeff U'Ren | HBO |
| | *Tony Bennett: An American Classic* | | Wyatt Smith | NBC |
| | *A Tribute to James Taylor (Great Performances)* | | Gary Bradley, Laura Young | PBS |
| 2008 |
| | Outstanding Picture Editing for a Special (Single or Multi-Camera) | | | |
| | *Justin Timberlake: FutureSex/LoveShow* | | Michael D. Schultz, Jim Kelly, Chad Callner | HBO |
| | *AFI Life Achievement Award: A Tribute to Al Pacino* | | Michael Polito, Pi Ware, Narumi Inatsugo, Tim Pernieiaro, Mark Stepp | USA |
| | *Company (Great Performances)* | | Gary Bradley | PBS |
| | *Movies Rock* | | Mark Stepp, Chester Contaoi, Bill Morris | CBS |
| | *We Love Ella! A Tribute to the First Lady of Song (Great Performances)* | | Gary Bradley, Laura Young | PBS |
| | Outstanding Short-Form Picture Editing | | | |
| | *American Idol* | "David Cook Goes Home (733)" | Bill DeRonde, Oren Castro | Fox |
| | *Jimmy Kimmel Live!* | "I'm F\***ing Matt Damon (5th Year Anniversary Show)" | James Crowe | ABC |
| | *The 80th Annual Academy Awards* | "Oscar Show Tribute Sequence" | Chuck Workman | ABC |
| | *Dancing with the Stars* | "Head to Head Package (610)" | David Timoner | ABC |
| | *Jimmy Kimmel Live!* | "I'm F\***ing Ben Affleck (After the Academy Awards)" | | Jason Bielski |
| 2009 |
| | Outstanding Picture Editing for a Special (Single or Multi-Camera) | | | |
| | *Chris Rock: Kill the Messenger* | | Michael D. Schultz | HBO |
| | *AFI Life Achievement Award: A Tribute to Warren Beatty* | | Michael Polito, Pi Ware, Oren Castro | USA |
| | *A Colbert Christmas: The Greatest Gift of All* | | Jason Baker | Comedy Central |
| | *The Kennedy Center Honors* | | Michael Polito | CBS |
| | *Ricky Gervais: Out Of England — The Stand-Up Special* | | Booey Kober | HBO |
| | Outstanding Short-Form Picture Editing | | | |
| | *The 81st Annual Academy Awards* | | Kyle Cooper, Hal Honigsberg | ABC |
| | *Stand Up to Cancer* | | David Brodie, Andy Grieve | ABC, CBS, NBC |
| | *The Daily Show with Jon Stewart* | "13098" | Graham Frazier | Comedy Central |
| | "13109" | Einar Westerlund | |
| | *Dancing with the Stars* | "710A" | David Timoner | ABC |
|

### 2010s

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 |
| | Outstanding Picture Editing for a Special (Single or Multi-Camera) | | | |
| | *The 25th Anniversary Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Concert* | | Bill DeRonde, John Zimmer, Mark Stepp, Michael Polito | HBO |
| | *Kathy Griffin: Balls of Steel* | | David Foster | Bravo |
| | *The Kennedy Center Honors* | | Michael Polito | CBS |
| | *Robin Williams: Weapons of Self Destruction* | | Michael D. Schultz | HBO |
| | Outstanding Short-Form Picture Editing | | | |
| | *Late Night with Jimmy Fallon* | "6-Bee" | Christopher Tartaro | NBC |
| | *The 82nd Annual Academy Awards* | "Horror Tribute" | Kabir Akhtar | ABC |
| | "John Hughes Tribute" | Jon Bloom, Bayard Stryker | |
| | *American Idol* | "Dream" | Oren Castro | Fox |
| | *Jimmy Kimmel Live!* | "The Handsome Men's Club" | Brian Marsh | ABC |
| | "The Late Night Wars" | Kevin McCullough | |
| 2011 |
| | Outstanding Picture Editing for a Special (Single or Multi-Camera) | | | |
| | *Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden* | | Mike Polito, Bill DeRonde, Kevin O'Dea, Katie Hetland | HBO |
| | *Carrie Fisher in Wishful Drinking* | | Marc Cohen | HBO |
| | *Louis C.K.: Hilarious* | | Louis C.K. | Epix |
| | *Ricky Gervais: Out Of England 2 — The Stand-Up Special* | | David W. Foster | HBO |
| | *Thurgood* | | | Michael Polito |
| | Outstanding Short-Form Picture Editing | | | |
| | *The 2010 ESPY Awards* | "Images Piece" | Matt O'Connor, Anthony Marchegiano | ESPN |
| | *The 83rd Annual Academy Awards* | "Opening Film" | Kabir Akhtar | ABC |
| | "This Year's Unintentional Musicals" | Evan Gregory, Michael Gregory | |
| | *American Idol* | "Top 3 Results Show: Scotty's Home Story" | Oren Castro | Fox |
| | *Jimmy Kimmel Live!* | "After The Academy Awards: The President's Speech" | Brian Marsh | ABC |
|

**Outstanding Picture Editing for Short-Form Segments and Variety Specials**

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012
 | *2012 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony* | | Bill DeRonde, Chris Lovett, Mark Stepp, Pi Ware, John Zimmer, Ben Folts | HBO |
| | *The 84th Annual Academy Awards* | "Opening Film" (segment) | Kabir Akhtar | ABC |
| | *The Colbert Report* | "Stephen Colbert Occupies Wall Street" (segment) | Andrew Matheson | Comedy Central |
| | *The Daily Show with Jon Stewart* | "A Love Supreme: Profanity & Nudity on TV" (segment) | | Eric Davies |
| | *Extreme Makeover: Home Edition* | "Rise and Honor: A Veterans Day Special" | Matt Deitrich, Josh Young, Ken Yankee, Jacob Parsons, Jennifer Nelson, Anita Crouch, Tim Leavitt | ABC |
| | *Louis C.K.: Live at the Beacon Theater* | | Louis C.K. | FX |
| 2013
 | *The Daily Show with Jon Stewart* | "Australia & Gun Control's Aftermath (Part 3)" (segment) | Einar Westerlund | Comedy Central |
| | *The Colbert Report* | "CGI University" (segment) | Jason Baker | Comedy Central |
| | *London 2012 Olympic Games Opening Ceremony* | "Happy & Glorious" (segment) | Sascha Dhillon | NBC |
| | *Louis C.K.: Oh My God* | | Louis C.K. | HBO |
| | *Saturday Night Live* | "Lincoln" (segment) | Adam Epstein | NBC |
|

**Outstanding Picture Editing for Variety Programming**

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2014
 | *The Daily Show with Jon Stewart* | "McConnelling" (segment) | Eric Davies | Comedy Central |
| | *AFI Life Achievement Award: A Tribute to Mel Brooks* | | Michael Polito, Debra Light, Thomas Mitchell, Dave Brown, Pi Ware | TNT |
| | *Billy Crystal: 700 Sundays* | | Kent Beyda | HBO |
| | *The Colbert Report* | "People Destroying America: Vicco Mayor Johnny Cummings" (segment) | Christein Aromando | Comedy Central |
| | "StePhfest Colbchella \`013 - Daft Punk'd" (segment) | Jason Baker | |
| 2015
 | *The Colbert Report* | "Farewell Colbert" (segment) | Jason Baker | Comedy Central |
| | *Conan* | "Conan in Cuba" | Robert James Ashe, Chris Heller, Dave Grecu | TBS |
| | *Key & Peele* | "Scariest Movie Ever" | Christian Hoffman, Richard LaBrie, Phil Davis | Comedy Central |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "N.S.A. Edward Snowden" (segment) | Ryan Barger | HBO |
| | *Late Show with David Letterman* | "Finale Montage" (segment) | Mark Spada, Andrew Evangelista, Dan Baggio, Stephen Hostomsky | CBS |
| 2016
 | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "Public Defenders" (segment) | Anthony Miale | HBO |
| | *Conan* | "Conan in Korea" | Robert James Ashe, Chris Heller, Dave Grecu, Meaghan Wilbur | TBS |
| | *Drunk History* | "Inventors" | Jody McVeigh-Schultz | Comedy Central |
| | *Key & Peele* | "The End" | | Richard LaBrie, Neil Mahoney, Nicholas Monsour, Stephen Waichulis |
| | *Lemonade* | | Bill Yukich | HBO |
| 2017
 |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "F\*ck 2016" (segment) | Anthony Miale | HBO |
| | *Conan* | "Conan in Berlin" | Robert James Ashe, Chris Heller, Dave Grecu, Meaghan Wilbur | TBS |
| | *Drunk History* | "Bar Fights" | Aaron Morris | Comedy Central |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "Stoplight" (segment) | Ryan Barger | HBO |
| | *Saturday Night Live* | "Kellyanne Conway" (segment) | Adam Epstein | NBC |
| 2018
 |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "Border Patrol" (segment) | Ryan Barger | HBO |
| | *Carpool Karaoke Primetime Special 2018* | | Brad Conlin & Tom Jarvis | CBS |
| | *Dave Chappelle: Equanimity* | | Jeff U'ren | Netflix |
| | *Drunk History* | "Heroines" | John Cason | Comedy Central |
| | *Full Frontal with Samantha Bee Presents: The Great American\* Puerto Rico (\*It's Complicated)* | | Jesse Coane, Charles Divak, Daphne Gomez-Mena, Andrew Mendelson, Tennille Uithof | TBS |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "Wax President Harding" (segment) | Anthony Miale | HBO |
| 2019
 |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "The Wax & The Furious" (segment) | Ryan Barger | HBO |
| | *Carpool Karaoke: When Corden Met McCartney Live from Liverpool* | | Tom Jarvis | CBS |
| | *Drunk History* | "Are You Afraid of the Drunk?" | John Cason | Comedy Central |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "The Journey Of ChiiJohn" (segment) | Anthony Miale | HBO |
| | *Who Is America?* | "Episode 102" | Vera Drew, Eric Notarnicola, Roger Nygard, Matt Davis and Jeremy Cohen | Showtime |

### 2020s

| Year | Program | Episode | Nominees | Network |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020
 |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "Eat Sh!t, Bob!" (segment) | Ryan Barger | HBO |
| | *The Daily Show with Trevor Noah* | "Trump's Coronavirus Address (Bloopers Included) and Trevor's Audience Tribute Song" | Mike Choi, Tom Favilla, Nikolai Johnson, Mark Paone, Erin Shannon, Catherine Trasborg, Einar Westerlund and Robert York | Comedy Central |
| | *Dave Chappelle: The Kennedy Center Mark Twain Prize For American Humor* | | Brad Gilson, Chester G Contaoi, Jon Alloway, Pi Ware and Brian Forbes | PBS |
| | *Dave Chappelle: Sticks & Stones* | | Jeff U'Ren | Netflix |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "The Journey of ChiiJohn: Chapter 2" (segment) | Anthony Miale | HBO |
| 2021
 |
| | *A Black Lady Sketch Show* | "Sister, May I Call You Oshun?" | Daysha Broadway, Stephanie Filo, Jessica Hernández | HBO |
| | *Bo Burnham: Inside* | | Bo Burnham | Netflix |
| | *Hamilton* | | Jonah Moran | Disney+ |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | Trump & Election Results / F\*ck 2020" (segment) | Ryan Barger and Anthony Miale | HBO |
| | *Saturday Night Live* | "Murder Show" (segment) | Ryan Spears | NBC |
| | "Stu" (segment) | Ryan McIlraith | |
| 2022
 |
| | *A Black Lady Sketch Show* | "Save My Edges, I'm a Donor!" | Stephanie Filo, Bradinn French, Taylor Joy Mason and S. Robyn Wilson | HBO |
| | *Conan* | "Series Finale" | Robert James Ashe, Mike Api, Christopher P. Heller and Matthew Shaw | TBS |
| | *The Daily Show with Trevor Noah* | "Jordan Klepper Takes on "Wellness" Anti-Vaxxers + Fringewatching Rep. Lauren Boebert" | Storm Choi, Eric Davies, Tom Favilla, Lauren Beckett Jackson, Nikolai Johnson, Ryan Middleton, Mark Paone, Erin Shannon, Catherine Trasborg and Einar Westerlund | Comedy Central |
| | *Harry Potter 20th Anniversary: Return to Hogwarts* | | Simon Bryant, Jim Clark, James Collett, Bill DeRonde, Asaf Eisenberg, Will Gilby, Lior Linevitz–Matthews, Pablo Noe, Tim Perniciaro and Jacob Proctor | HBO Max |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "The Confesstigators (segment)" | Anthony Miale | HBO |
| 2023
 |
| | *A Black Lady Sketch Show* | "My Love Language Is Words of Defamation" | Stephanie Filo, Malinda Zehner Guerra and Taylor Joy Mason | HBO |
| | *Carol Burnett: 90 Years of Laughter + Love* | | Mike Polito and Timothy Schultz | NBC |
| | *The Daily Show with Trevor Noah* | "Jordan Klepper Shows Trump Supporters January 6th Hearing Clips" | Storm Choi, Eric Davies, Tom Favilla, Lauren Beckett Jackson, Nikolai Johnson, Ryan Middleton, Mark Paone, Erin Shannon, Catherine Trasborg and Einar Westerlund | Comedy Central |
| | *History of the World, Part II* | "III" | Angel Gamboa Bryant, Stephanie Filo, Daniel Flesher and George Mandl | Hulu |
| | *Saturday Night Live* | "HBO Mario Kart Trailer (segment)" | Ryan Spears and Christopher Salerno | NBC |
| 2024 | Outstanding Picture Editing for Variety Programming | | | | | |
| | *John Mulaney Presents: Everybody's in LA* | "Paranormal" | Kelly Lyon, Sean McIlraith and Ryan McIlraith | Netflix |
| | *Dolly Parton's Pet Gala* | | Bill DeRonde, James Collet, Kari Heavenrich and Stavros Stavropoulos | CBS |
| | *Nikki Glaser: Someday You'll Die* | | Guy Harding | HBO |
| | *Ramy Youssef: More Feelings* | | | Joanna Naugle |
| | *Tig Notaro: Hello Again* | | Kelly Lyon | Prime Video |
| | Outstanding Picture Editing for Variety Programming (Segment) | | | | | |
| | *The Daily Show* | "The Dailyshowography of Vivek Ramaswamy: Enter the RamaVerse" | Catherine Trasborg | Comedy Central |
| | *Last Week Tonight with John Oliver* | "Boeing" | Anthony Miale | HBO |
| | "The Sad Tale of Henry the Engine" | Ryan Barger | |
| | *Saturday Night Live* | "Bowen's Straight" | Paul Del Gesso and Kristie Ferriso | NBC |
| | "I'm Just Pete" | Ryan Spears | |

## Programs with multiple awards

## Programs with multiple nominations

1. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
2. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
3. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
4. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
5. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
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7. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 24, 2020.
8. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
9. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
10. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 24, 2020.
11. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
12. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
13. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
14. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
15. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
16. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
17. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
18. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
19. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
20. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
21. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
22. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
23. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
24. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
25. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
26. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
27. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
28. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
29. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
30. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
31. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
32. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
33. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
34. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
35. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
36. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
37. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
38. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
39. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
40. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
41. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
42. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 5, 2017.
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44. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
45. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 5, 2017.
46. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 5, 2017.
47. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 5, 2017.
48. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved April 5, 2017.
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50. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 13, 2018.
51. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 16, 2019.
52. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 29, 2020.
53. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 14, 2021.
54. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
55. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Television Academy. Retrieved July 14, 2023.
56. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Emmys.com. Retrieved July 20, 2024.
57. "Nominees/Winners | Television Academy". Emmys.com. Retrieved July 20, 2024.

## InfoBox

| Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Picture Editing for Variety Programming | |
| --- | --- |
| Awarded for | Outstanding Picture Editing for Variety Programming |
| Country | United States |
| Presented by | Academy of Television Arts & Sciences |
| Currently held by | *John Mulaney Presents: Everybody's in LA* (2024) |
| Website | emmys.com |


title: National Trust Sri Lanka

abstract: The National Trust - Sri Lanka or National Trust for Cultural and Natural Heritage is a non-profit organisation, which works to preserve and protect the natural and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka and to increase public awareness of the country's historic and architectural treasures. The Trust was founded on 25 May 2005 by archaeologists, Professor Senake Bandaranayake and Doctor Roland Silva. These activities of the Trust are primarily directed towards what is not already protected or safeguarded by the Government, through the Archaeological Department of Sri Lanka and the Central Cultural Fund. The National Trust - Sri Lanka has built a good working relationship with other National Trusts worldwide, equally with the organisations and their members, in places such as Canada, Scotland, England, Ireland, Wales, and the United States.

text:
# National Trust Sri Lanka

The **National Trust - Sri Lanka** or **National Trust for Cultural and Natural Heritage** is a non-profit organisation, which works to preserve and protect the natural and cultural heritage of Sri Lanka and to increase public awareness of the country's historic and architectural treasures. The Trust was founded on 25 May 2005 by archaeologists, Professor Senake Bandaranayake and Doctor Roland Silva.

These activities of the Trust are primarily directed towards what is not already protected or safeguarded by the Government, through the Archaeological Department of Sri Lanka and the Central Cultural Fund.

The National Trust - Sri Lanka has built a good working relationship with other National Trusts worldwide, equally with the organisations and their members, in places such as Canada, Scotland, England, Ireland, Wales, and the United States.

## Projects

### Malwana fort

The National Trust has completed the first stage of conservation of the colonial fort at Malwana, with funds provided by the Prince Claus Foundation of Netherlands.

### Lawton's photographs

The National Trust has completed the conservation of photographs of national heritage sites taken by Joseph Lawton between 1867 and 1875. The photographs are of sites in Anuradhapura, Mihintale, Polonnaruwa and Sigiriya and are contained in four volumes kept at the Department of Archaeology.

### Artifacts index

The National Trust has prepared an index of over 500 artifacts found in several temples in the Gampaha District.

## Published works

* Raheem, Ismeth (2009). *Archaeology & Photography - the early years 1868 -1880*. National Trust, Sri Lanka. ISBN 978-955-0093-03-8.
* De Silva, Nimal; Chandrasekera, D. P. (2009). *Heritage Buildings of Sri Lanka*. National Trust, Sri Lanka. ISBN 978-955-0093-01-4.
* Bandaranayake, Senake; Dharmasiri, Albert (2009). *Sri Lankan Painting in the 20th Century*. National Trust, Sri Lanka. ISBN 978-955-0093-02-1.
* Wijeyaratne, Gehan de Silva (2009). *Birds of Sri Lanka*. National Trust, Sri Lanka. ISBN 978-955-0093-00-7.
* Miththapala, Sriyanie; Wijesundara, Siril; Galappatti, Janaki (2011). *Flowering Plants commonly encountered in Sri Lankan habitats*. National Trust, Sri Lanka. ISBN 978-955-9937-81-4.
* Perera, Nishan (2011). *Coral Reefs of Sri Lanka*. National Trust, Sri Lanka. ISBN 978-955-0093-04-5.
* De Silva, Nimal (Ed); Fernando, Sarala (Ed) (2013). *Maritime Heritage of Lanka: Ancient Ports and Harbours*. National Trust, Sri Lanka. ISBN 978-955-0093-07-6.
* Bentharage, Lionel (2015). *The Art of Mask Making in Sri Lanka*. National Trust, Sri Lanka.


title: Primavera (TV series)

abstract: Primavera is a Venezuelan telenovela adapted by Vivel Nouel and produced by RCTV in 1987. It is based on an original story María Teresa written by Cuban writer Delia Fiallo. The series lasted for 221 episodes and was distributed internationally by Coral International. Gigi Zanchetta and Fernando Carrillo starred as the protagonists. In 1999, Fernando reprised the same role on the Mexican version of the telenovela produced by Televisa.

text:
# Primavera (TV series)

***Primavera*** is a Venezuelan telenovela adapted by Vivel Nouel and produced by RCTV in 1987. It is based on an original story *María Teresa* written by Cuban writer Delia Fiallo. The series lasted for 221 episodes and was distributed internationally by Coral International.

Gigi Zanchetta and Fernando Carrillo starred as the protagonists. In 1999, Fernando reprised the same role on the Mexican version of the telenovela produced by Televisa.

## Cast

* Gigi Zanchetta as *Andreína Méndez*
* Fernando Carrillo as *Eduardo Luis de la Plaza*
* Carlota Sosa as *Isabela Urbaneja de la Plaza*
* Sandra Juhasz as *Graciela Méndez*
* Humberto García as *Luis Alberto Urbaneja*
* Pedro Lander as *Vladimir Vásquez (Doble V)*
* Alberto Marín as *Rafael Méndez*
* Sebastian Falco *as Angel Arismendi*
* Carlos Montilla as *Salvador González*
* Yajaira Orta as *Lourdes Falcón*
* Marielena Pereira as *Valentina Vásquez*
* Vladimir Torres as *Ernesto París*
* Romelia Agüero as *Inmaculada González*
* Irina Rodríguez as *Diana Méndez*
* Carmencita Padrón as *Alcira*
* Zulay García as *Yolanda Vivas*
* Verónica Doza as *Agustina Mendoza*
* Dalila Colombo as *Augusta Mijares*

## InfoBox

| *Primavera* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Telenovela
Romance
Drama |
| Created by | Delia Fiallo |
| Written by | Vivel Nouel
Boris Izaguirre
Alberto Gómez |
| Directed by | Gabriel Walfenzao |
| Starring | Gigi Zanchetta
Fernando Carrillo
Carlota Sosa |
| Theme music composer | Luis Guillermo González |
| Opening theme | "Pregunta por Ahí" by Willie Colón |
| Country of origin | Venezuela |
| Original language | Spanish |
| No. of episodes | 221 |
| Production | |
| Executive producer | Daniel Andrade |
| Production company | Radio Caracas Television |
| Original release | |
| Network | RCTV |
| Release | February 12, 1987 (1987-02-12)
May 4, 1988 (1988-05-04) |
| Related | |
| *María Teresa (1972)*
*Rosangelica (1993)*
*Rosalinda (1999)* | |


title: Niphona javana

abstract: Niphona javana is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Franz in 1971. It is known from Java.

text:
# Niphona javana

***Niphona javana*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Franz in 1971. It is known from Java.

## InfoBox

| *Niphona javana* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Tribe: | Pteropliini |
| Genus: | *Niphona* |
| Species: | ***N. javana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Niphona javana***<br>Franz, 1971 | |
|


title: Paradise Flat

abstract: Paradise Flat is a flat in the Diablo Range, within Henry W. Coe State Park in Stanislaus County, California. It lies at an elevation of 1,224 / 373 meters along north bank of the South Fork Orestimba Creek, just above the Rooster Comb.

text:
# Paradise Flat

**Paradise Flat** is a flat in the Diablo Range, within Henry W. Coe State Park in Stanislaus County, California. It lies at an elevation of 1,224 / 373 meters along north bank of the South Fork Orestimba Creek, just above the Rooster Comb.

## History

Droves of wild horses were held at Paradise Flat and Mustang Flat and driven up along route of the Long Ridge Road to Mustang Peak to be joined to the droves of the Joaquin Murrieta gang's horses moving southward along La Vereda del Monte (now County Line Road) at Mustang Peak from Valle Atravesado or Valle Hondo.

37°13′46″N 121°22′32″W / 37.22944°N 121.37556°W / 37.22944; -121.37556


title: Shane Brick

abstract: Shane Brick is a hurler from County Kerry, Ireland. He has played with the Kerry intercounty team, and originally played his club hurling with Kilmoyley. He won six Kerry Senior Hurling Championship medals with Kilmoyley. In 2014, he switched to the southeast of Cork to play with Tracton GAA. He retired from playing in 2016, and joined the management team with Douglas GAA in 2019.

text:
# Shane Brick

**Shane Brick** (born 1988 or 1989) is a hurler from County Kerry, Ireland. He has played with the Kerry intercounty team, and originally played his club hurling with Kilmoyley. He won six Kerry Senior Hurling Championship medals with Kilmoyley. In 2014, he switched to the southeast of Cork to play with Tracton GAA. He retired from playing in 2016, and joined the management team with Douglas GAA in 2019.

## Inter-county career

With the Kerry county hurling team, he won National Hurling League Div 2 (2001) and Div 3A (2010) titles. He was also part of the Kerry team that made the 2010 final of the Christy Ring Cup, which was won by Westmeath. He missed the following years win with an injury, before returning in 2012. He later retired from inter-county hurling.

## Club career

Brick originally played club hurling for Kilmoyley in County Kerry, with whom he won several Kerry Senior Hurling Championship titles. He was captain of the 2004 winning team, and was man-of-the-match in three of the wins.

He later moved to Cork and played with Tracton GAA, before returning to Kilmoyley. He retired from playing in 2016.

As of 2020, Brick was on the management team with Douglas GAA in Cork.

## InfoBox

Shane Brick
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Sport | Hurling | | |
| Position | Half/Full forward | | |
| Born | 1988 or 1989 (age 34–35)
County Kerry, Ireland | | |
| Height | 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) | | |
| Occupation | Teacher | | |
| Club(s) | | | |
| Years | **Club** | | |
|  | Kilmoyley
Tracton | | |
| Club titles | | | |
| Kerry titles | 6 | | |
| Inter-county(ies) | | | |
| Years | **County** | | |
| 2000s- 2012 | Kerry | | |
| Inter-county titles | | | |
| Munster titles | 0 | | |
| All-Irelands | 0 | | |
| All Stars | 0 | | |


title: Georges Ohnet

abstract: Georges Ohnet was a French novelist.

text:
# Georges Ohnet

**Georges Ohnet** (3 April 1848, in Paris – 5 May 1918) was a French novelist.

## Life and career

Ohnet was educated at the Collège Sainte-Barbe and the Lycée Napoléon. After the Franco-Prussian War he became editor of the magazines *Pays* and *Constitutionnel* in succession. In collaboration with the engineer and dramatist Louis Denayrouze (b. 1848) he produced the play *Regina Sarpi*, and during 1877 *Marthe*.

Ohnet was an admirer of George Sand and was opposed to realistic modern novels. He began a series of novels, *Les Batailles de la vie*, of a character simple and idealistic, which, although scorned by the critics as unreal and commonplace, were very popular. The series included the novels *Serge Panine* (1881) which was awarded by the academy; *Le Maître de forges* (1882), *La Grande Marnière* (1885), *Volonté* (1888), and *Dernier Amour* (1891). Many of his novels have been dramatized with great success, *Le Maître de forges*, produced at the Gymnase during 1883, being played for an entire year. His later publications include *Le Crépuscule* (1902), *Le Marchand de Poison* (1903), *La Conquérante* (1905), *La dixième muse* (1906), *La Route Rouge* (1908), and *La Serre de l'Aigle* (1912). His last work was *Journal d'un Bourgeois de Paris Pendant la Guerre de 1914* (1914). In 1902 he was elected president of the Société des Auteurs et Compositeurs Dramatiques.

## Style

Ohnet's understanding of his readership helped him devise the passionate style for which he became famous. He disdained the romantic melodrama motif, choosing instead to explore complex passion. His literary genius was in being able to introduce originality into a genre so greatly archetypal as the romantic melodrama. It was this quality that made him one of the most widely read authors of his time.

## Works

Ohnet's *magnum opus* was the novel *Le Maître de forges* (*The Master Of The Forges*, 1882). The book became an instant success, finding wide acceptance not only among French readers but also readers in other parts of Europe. Soon after its publication, it was translated into Spanish by the Filipino writer Codorníu Julia.

Ohnet enjoyed success with his other works too. *Countess Sarah* (1882), *Lise Fleuron* (1884), *The Ladies of Croix-Mort* (1886), *Will* (1888), *Dr. Rameau* (1889), *Serge Panine* (1890) and *At The Bottom of The Abyss* (1899), the last of these regarded commonly as one of his best works.

## Filmography