title: María de Jesús Patricio Martínez

abstract: María de Jesús Patricio Martínez, also known as Marichuy, is a traditional medicine healer and human rights activist in Mexico. Of Nahua descent, she was chosen as "representative indigenous spokeswoman" by National Indigenous Congress (CNI) for the 2018 general election, for which she ran as an independent candidate for the Presidency of Mexico. She was also the first women in Tuxpan to participate in the dance of Los Sonajeros which was a ritual that asked for rain. On 28 May 2017, a congress was held in San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, where Marichuy was designated by the CNI as the "representative indigenous spokeswoman" by 840 delegates from 60 indigenous communities of Mexico. The Congress also resolved to choose Marichuy as spokeswoman for the indigenous peoples of Mexico in the 2018 general election. Media reported that Patricio Martínez is the first indigenous woman to run for the Presidency of Mexico.

text:
# María de Jesús Patricio Martínez

**María de Jesús Patricio Martínez** (born 23 December 1963), also known as **Marichuy**, is a traditional medicine healer and human rights activist in Mexico. Of Nahua descent, she was chosen as "representative indigenous spokeswoman" by National Indigenous Congress (CNI) for the 2018 general election, for which she ran as an independent candidate for the Presidency of Mexico. She was also the first women in Tuxpan to participate in the dance of Los Sonajeros which was a ritual that asked for rain.

On 28 May 2017, a congress was held in San Cristóbal de Las Casas, Chiapas, where Marichuy was designated by the CNI as the "representative indigenous spokeswoman" by 840 delegates from 60 indigenous communities of Mexico. The Congress also resolved to choose Marichuy as spokeswoman for the indigenous peoples of Mexico in the 2018 general election. Media reported that Patricio Martínez is the first indigenous woman to run for the Presidency of Mexico.

## Early life and work

María de Jesús Patricio Martínez was born 23 December 1963, in the Nahua community of Tuxpan, located in the present state of Jalisco.

Maria's integration to traditional and alternative medicine as a healing tool began with her observations of the older women in her community that used herbalism as a form of healing. She saw women in her community such as her aunts and grandmothers use these different forms of medicine to treat diseases such as fear, fright, heatwaves and weakness. Through seeing these alternative forms of medicine. Maria followed their path and became a traditional medicine healer. Her reasoning for following this path was because she felt her knowledge and understanding of the ways in which plants can aid the sick would be beneficial to help those in her community who were unable to afford medicine from the government.

In 1978, motivated by her mother's loss of mobility from the waist down, Martinez sought medical attention from traditional healers in her community who were able to return her mother's ability to walk. Her mother indued three years of treatments by specialized doctors to help her mother regain her ability however misdiagnosed, doctors were unable to find the cause of her condition or any remedy for it. However, through a three-month use of alternative medicine, Maria's mother was able to walk again. Through seeing the ground breakings innovations traditional healers produced, Maria completed high school for the purpose of dedicating herself to preserving her community by way of studying traditional medicines. After furthering these dreams to become a traditional doctor, she founded the Casa de Salud Calli Tecolhuacateca Tochan Clinic in 1992. Responsible for the Casa de Salud, Maria began the clinic in hopes for tending to her community with both traditional and alternative medicine. The health center supports the continuity and further development of Nahuan traditional indigenous medicine, an objective supported for decades by the University of Guadalajara.

## Indigenous movement

Marichuy is widely respected and, since 1994, a participant within the Zapatista indigenous movement, as well as a founding member of the National Indigenous Congress. The National Indigenous Congress is an organization Maria became a founding member of to voice the demands and necessities of both indigenous and disadvantage communities in the country. By establishing a removal of the Mexican political establish in a desire to construct a new style of political engagement, the organization approaches its demands by combatting marginalization and underrepresentation of communities. "We think that compañera Marichuy doesn’t sell out, doesn’t give up and doesn’t surrender, as she was trained inside the CNI, we believe that," said one of the women of the Indigenous Governing Council (CIG) while reading the pronouncement of Marichuy's election. Motivated through her biggest obstacle, the repression of people who disagree, as well as the incarceration of the councilmen of Querétaro and the assassination of two CNI members. Marichuy continues to persevere and move onward with her movement as the figure spearhead for change in indigenous communities.

In 2001, Marichuy spoke before the Congress of the Union about the situation of indigenous women nationwide. At that time, lawmakers directly and indirectly responsible for indigenous human rights violations in Mexico decided not to attend.

In May 2015, the Tuxpan Municipal Government Council delivered the Tuxpan Award of Merit to María de Jesús Patricio Martínez, allotted by the University of Guadalajara's Unit of Support to the Indigenous Communities (UACI), the Coordination of Linkage and Social Services. The award was given to Marichuy in the area of Science and Culture, for her work in the House of Health for preserving traditional and herbal medicine.

## Spokesperson and the Mexican presidency

Altering a strategy which has rejected the Mexican state and its electoral politics, the Zapatistas announced in December 2016 their plans to elect a female spokesperson to represent the indigenous community as a presidential candidate. On May 28, 2017, Marichuy was elected by the National Indigenous Congress (CNI) as their spokesperson and representative for the presidency. Although afraid at first to accept her election to participate, Maria joined the campaign in hope to address the problem severely affecting her community. Some of the concerns that impacted Maria to participate in the election include the imposition of mines, remnants of waste left by companies that negatively affect the environment as well as the repression of communities that fought against dispossession such as death, disappearances and incarcerations and the ongoing health problems occurring in her community. In hope to bring visibility to the issues occurring in her community, Maria participated in the election to facilitate a connection between both indigenous communities and society in an effort to reconstruct Mexico. Her campaign reflected both a displacement and an adherence to post-modern Zapatista politics –on the one hand, they reject state-power as a political goal; on the other, by endorsing Marichuy they joined an electoral competition of alternative state projects.

CNI's decision is also seen as a proposal for all Mexicans. "It’s an inclusive proposal, not only of the indigenous and with the indigenous, which makes the vindications of all the exploited, oppressed and discriminated of the earth its own, regardless of their ethnic or national origins and cultural characteristics. It’s not an essentialist or ethnic proposal. The proposal addresses all the peoples of Mexico, including the one of the majority nationality, that world where we all fit." CNI'S collaboration with Maria developed through a common goal that a new and improved Mexico would emerge as the current version during the election did not favor the working class and the people of communities. According to both. members of the organization and Maria herself, by running in the presidency they hope not to win but to address and give voice to those who have no voice. By electing Marichuy to the presential run they hope to make an "indigenous, feminist perspective a part of Mexico’s national presidential debate.

Officially recognized by the National Electoral Institute (INE) on October 15, 2017, Marichuy and the Council have begun collecting the required 866,593 signatures, throughout 17 states, during the subsequent 120 days. The INE digital signature process via cell telephone has revealed serious flaws weighted to benefit wealthier voters. Marichuy said, "the INE made a list of telephone makes and models so that you must have at a minimum an Android 5.0 operating system or higher and so many hours to begin with the download of the applications in the devices, we find that the list is not true; we find brands that are not included in the list and of those that are included they don’t all work. The download is tedious and can take hours." The INE declared each signature registration would take 4.3 minutes, but each actual signature registration has taken up to 16 hours, or more. 'With these "classist, racist and excluding measures," Marichuy said, you realize "that this electoral system is not made for those peoples below that govern ourselves and that the laws and institutions of the State are made for those above, for the capitalists and their corrupt political class, resulting in a big simulation."'

Marichuy has further stated, "as is the custom in our peoples, surrendering, selling out or giving up is not an option and we will redouble efforts to collect the citizen support required to figure as an independent candidate to the presidency of the Republic on the 2018 electoral ballot."

At the Zocalo parade in Oaxaca, Maria took the stage to deliver a speech to the Oaxacan people of the village. She addressed the people of the community and the speakers before her that listed the injustices occurring and said the following" “These are problems that are not new. Up there, on top, they say that everything is fine. We’ve seen that’s not true". By furthering focusing on the dangers threatening indigenous land, she continues by saying "What we get when we plead \[for justice\] is jail, death, and contamination from large projects that don’t benefit anyone in the pueblos.” She lastly concluded her speech by the following statement "Indigenous people are ready to fight, and we won’t stop. We will work together to construct a new Mexico from below, and to destroy this grand capitalist system that is destroying us.” Maria's run for presidency is a historic movement as it focuses on the massive destruction of capitalist system that fails to protect the environment and social justice system while also failing to address the concerns of women and indigenous communities.

1. Cabrera, Rafael (31 May 2017). "10 Things To Know About The First Indigenous Woman To Run For President Of Mexico". *BuzzFeed*. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
2. Concheiro, Por Luciano (28 May 2017). "Los pueblos indígenas de México eligen a su vocera e irrumpen en el escenario político". *The New York Times* (in Spanish). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
3. Juan, Villoro (24 February 2018). "Voting for an indigenous woman is forbidden". *The New York Times*. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
4. Lafuente, Javier (30 May 2017). "El zapatismo impulsa a los indígenas a las elecciones (Zapatismo supports indigenous to elections)". *EL PAÍS* (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 June 2017.
5. "María de Jesús Patricio Martínez – HONORABLE AYUNTAMIENTO DE TUXPAN JALISCO ADMINISTRACION 2021-2024" (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 December 2023.
6. "It Is the Time of the People: MarÍa de Jesús Patricio Martínez | Cultural Survival". *www.culturalsurvival.org*. 5 September 2017. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
7. "Marichuy, la candidata independiente siempre cerca del EZLN desde 1994 y una de las fundadoras del CNI". *Chiapasparalelo.com*. 29 May 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
8. "Marichuy, the independent candidate close to the EZLN". *Chiapas-support.org*. 29 May 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
9. "A Remedy Against a Divided Mexico; The First Indigenous Woman for President?". *MO\**. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
10. "Mexico has its first indigenous woman candidate for president". *Pri.org*. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
11. Centeno, Ramón I. (1 February 2018). "Zapata reactivado: una visión žižekiana del Centenario de la Constitución". *Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos*. **34** (1): 36–62. doi:10.1525/msem.2018.34.1.36. ISSN 0742-9797. S2CID 149383391.
12. "La Jornada: Siete razones para apoyar la propuesta del CNI-EZLN". *Jornada.unam.mx*. 30 June 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
13. "Seven reasons to support the CNI-EZLN proposal". *Chiapas-support.org*. 1 July 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
14. Conniff, Ruth (14 February 2018). "Marichuy: Mexico's First Indigenous Woman Presidential Candidate". *Progressive.org*. Retrieved 7 December 2023.
15. "Marichuy denuncia fallas en sistema del INE para recolectar firmas vía teléfono celular - Proceso". *Proceso.com.mx*. 18 October 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.
16. "Marichuy denounces INE's system for collecting signatures via cell phone". *Chiapas-support.org*. 23 October 2017. Retrieved 15 January 2018.

## InfoBox

| María de Jesús Patricio Martínez | |
| --- | --- |
| Patricio Martínez in Puebla in 2017 | |
| Born | (1963-12-23) 23 December 1963<br>Tuxpan, Jalisco, Mexico |
| Other names | Marichuy |
| Occupations | * Traditional medicine healer * activist |


title: Ville de Paris (department store)

abstract: Ville de Paris was a department store in Downtown Los Angeles from 1893 through 1919. A. Fusenot's Ville de Paris Los Angeles store should not be confused with the unrelated City of Paris store operating in Los Angeles through 1897 operated by Eugene Meyer & Co., then by Stern, Cahn & Loeb; nor with the much more famous City of Paris Dry Goods Co. of San Francisco.

text:
# Ville de Paris (department store)

**Ville de Paris** was a department store in Downtown Los Angeles from 1893 through 1919.

A. Fusenot's Ville de Paris Los Angeles store should not be confused with the unrelated City of Paris store operating in Los Angeles through 1897 operated by **Eugene Meyer & Co.**, then by **Stern, Cahn & Loeb**; nor with the much more famous City of Paris Dry Goods Co. of San Francisco.

## History

French emigre Auguste Fusenot (French Consul in Los Angeles 1898–1907) arrived in the U.S. in 1873 and soon became a partner in San Francisco's City of Paris store. After learning the business, he founded the Ville de Paris in Los Angeles in 1893. It was operated by the **A. Fusenot Co.** as a dry goods store. It was located in the Potomac Block at 221–223 S. Broadway between 2nd and 3rd streets at a time when most stores were located in the Central Business District around Spring, Main, First and Temple streets. The original store measured 3,000 square feet (280 m2).

In the latter half of 1905, the store relocated to a space 32 times larger, (96,000 square feet (8,900 m2)), formerly the premises of Coulter's, a block away in the Homer Laughlin Building, at 317–325 S. Broadway, extending all the way back through to 314–322 Hill Street. This is the current site of Grand Central Market.

In 1907, Auguste Fusenot died and brother Georges took over management of the store. In 1915, Fusenot sold his business to the owners of The Emporium (San Francisco), and in 1917 the Ville de Paris removed to 7th and Olive streets, after J. W. Robinson's opened their flagship store on 7th Street, many blocks to the west of Broadway. The area would become the downtown's upscale shopping district for several decades. The space on Broadway has since been occupied by the Grand Central Market.

In 1919 the owners sold the 7th and Olive store to B. H. Dyas, and that the store became B. H. Dyas Co., which itself closed around 1930. The Seventh and Olive building was then occupied by the Los Angeles Jewelry Mart, a constituent of what is now the Jewelry District, part of the Historic Core district.


title: Villadam

abstract: Villadam is a residential area situated in the City of Thrissur in Kerala state of India. Villadam is Ward 9 of Thrissur Municipal Corporation.

text:
# Villadam

**Villadam** is a residential area situated in the City of Thrissur in Kerala state of India. Villadam is Ward 9 of Thrissur Municipal Corporation.

## Education

Villadam has a Government Higher Secondary School, it was established in 1906. The founder of the school was Ittyanath Kittunni Menon who was from the Ittyanath family in Villadam. Kittunni Menon built the school on his family land and initially it had two buildings housing the classrooms. The school was later handed over to the Princely State of Cochin which was in effect headed by his brother in law Rama Varma XV family. The school was a co-educational institution from its start in 1906 which was a rarity in then Kerala.

Today the school is among the two schools selected from the Thrissur Legislative Assembly Constituency to be developed into one of international standard by the Government of Kerala. As a step towards this a new academic block's foundation was laid in presence of V. S. Sunil Kumar the Minister for Agriculture and the MLA of Thrissur in 2018.


title: Villada

abstract: Villada is a municipality located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2018 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 963 inhabitants.

text:
# Villada

**Villada** is a municipality located in the province of Palencia, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2018 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 963 inhabitants.

42°15′N 4°58′W / 42.250°N 4.967°W / 42.250; -4.967

## InfoBox

| Villada | |
| --- | --- |
| municipality | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Castile and León |
| Province | Palencia |
| Area | |
| Total | 64 km2 (25 sq mi) |
| Population (2018) | |
| Total | 963 |
| Density | 15/km2 (39/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Website | Official website |


title: Vincent Ncongwane

abstract: Vincent Ncongwane (1962-2021) was born on 19 April 1962 in South Africa and died on 7 October 2021. He was secretary general of the Swaziland United Democratic Front and secretary general of the Swaziland Federation of Labour and the Swaziland Union of Financial Institutions and Allied Workers. He was also the secretary of the Labour Coordinating Council. He played a major role in the formation of the Labour Coordinating Council, which is the coordinating body of the two national labour centres and the stand-alone Swaziland National Teachers' Union.

text:
# Vincent Ncongwane

**Vincent Ncongwane** (1962-2021) was born on 19 April 1962 in South Africa and died on 7 October 2021. He was secretary general of the Swaziland United Democratic Front and secretary general of the Swaziland Federation of Labour and the Swaziland Union of Financial Institutions and Allied Workers.

He was also the secretary of the Labour Coordinating Council. He played a major role in the formation of the Labour Coordinating Council, which is the coordinating body of the two national labour centres (Swaziland Federation of Labour and Swaziland Federation of Trade Unions) and the stand-alone Swaziland National Teachers' Union.


title: Villécloye

abstract: Villécloye is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

text:
# Villécloye

**Villécloye** (French pronunciation: \[vileklwa\]) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

## Geography

The village lies in the middle of the commune, on the right bank of the Othain, which flows northwestward through the commune, then flows into the Chiers, which forms all of the commune's northern border.

## InfoBox

| Villécloye | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The chapel in Villécloye | |
| Location of Villécloye | |
| VillécloyeVillécloye | |
| Coordinates: 49°30′41″N 5°23′54″E / 49.5114°N 5.3983°E / 49.5114; 5.3983 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Grand Est |
| Department | Meuse |
| Arrondissement | Verdun |
| Canton | Montmédy |
| Intercommunality | CC du pays de Montmédy |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Luc Forget |
| Area**1** | 7.18 km2 (2.77 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 259 |
| Density | 36/km2 (93/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 55554 /55600 |
| Elevation | 182–319 m (597–1,047 ft)
(avg. 188 m or 617 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: Vinařice (Beroun District)

abstract: Vinařice is a municipality and village in Beroun District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

text:
# Vinařice (Beroun District)

**Vinařice** is a municipality and village in Beroun District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 100 inhabitants.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1869 | 278 |  |
| 1880 | 272 | −2.2% |
| 1890 | 272 | +0.0% |
| 1900 | 274 | +0.7% |
| 1910 | 248 | −9.5% |
| 1921 | 236 | −4.8% |
| 1930 | 228 | −3.4% |
| 1950 | 167 | −26.8% |
| 1961 | 162 | −3.0% |
| 1970 | 151 | −6.8% |
| 1980 | 114 | −24.5% |
| 1991 | 79 | −30.7% |
| 2001 | 87 | +10.1% |
| 2011 | 90 | +3.4% |
| 2021 | 118 | +31.1% |
| Source: Censuses | | |

## InfoBox

| Vinařice | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Road through Vinařice | |
|  | |
| VinařiceLocation in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 49°53′33″N 14°5′53″E / 49.89250°N 14.09806°E / 49.89250; 14.09806 | |
| Country | Czech Republic |
| Region | Central Bohemian |
| District | Beroun |
| First mentioned | 1170 |
| Area | |
| Total | 4.95 km2 (1.91 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 410 m (1,350 ft) |
| Population (2024-01-01) | |
| Total | 105 |
| Density | 21/km2 (55/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 267 01 |
| Website | www.vinarice.info |


title: Vinayshil Gautam

abstract: Vinayshil Gautam FRAS is currently the Vice Chairman of Fore School of Management in New Delhi. Gautam previously served as the Founder Director of the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Kozhikode and led the consulting team at IIM Shillong.

text:
# Vinayshil Gautam

**Vinayshil Gautam** FRAS is currently the Vice Chairman of Fore School of Management in New Delhi. Gautam previously served as the Founder Director of the Indian Institute of Management (IIM) Kozhikode and led the consulting team at IIM Shillong.

## Career

Dr. Gautam served as Founder Director of Indian Institute of Management Kozhikode and Leader of the Consulting Team at IIM, Shillong. During his tenure at IIT Delhi, he served as the first head of the 1st statutory Management Department.

Many governmental agencies, corporations, and departments have sought his advice. He served as visiting professor at University of Sussex, Brunel, Dominican, Minnesota, as well as Cambridge University, University of London, Toronto University, University of York and Duke University. He has been the visitor's (President of India) nominee to the BHU, the Vishwabharati Academic Council, and the Jammu University Council.

He served on the jury panel of BML Munjal awards.

## Awards

1. Awarded the Bharat Gaurav Award by the All India Management Association (2003)
2. Asian Regional Training and Development Organization (ARTDO) International Academic Excellence Award (2003).
3. Dewang Mehta lifetime award 2012.
4. Economic Times Awards Lifetime Achievement Award (2013).

## Books Authored

* Enterprise and Society: A Study of Some Aspects of Entrepreneurship and Management in India. Concept Publishing Company (1979).
* Management for Engineering Action. Sterling Publishing (1993).
* Technical entrepreneurship: Issues of Research and Applications. Allied Press (1995).
* Understanding Telecom Management. Concept Publishing Company (2004).
* Essays In Longitudinal Thinking Managing Change With Continuity, IJTD (2005).
* Organisation Development Systems. Concept Publishing Company (2011).

## InfoBox

| **Prof. Vinayshil Gautam** | |
| --- | --- |
| Dr. Vinayshil Gautam in 2022 being felicitated at the University of Jammu | |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Known for | Founder Director, IIM Kozhikode |
| Awards | Bharat Gaurav Award (2003) All India Management Association, Economic Times Awards (2013) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Management Science, Project Management, Operations Research |
| Institutions | Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, IIM Kozhikode |
|  | |


title: Masters of Men

abstract: Masters of Men is a 1923 American silent war drama film directed by David Smith and starring Earle Williams, Alice Calhoun and Wanda Hawley. It takes place against the backdrop of the 1898 Spanish-American War. It is based on the 1901 novel Masters of Men by Morgan Robertson.

text:
# Masters of Men

***Masters of Men*** is a 1923 American silent war drama film directed by David Smith and starring Earle Williams, Alice Calhoun and Wanda Hawley. It takes place against the backdrop of the 1898 Spanish-American War. It is based on the 1901 novel *Masters of Men* by Morgan Robertson.

## Plot

After falsely being accused of theft really committed by his sweetheart Mabel 's brother, Dick Halpin runs away to join the Navy. Later shanghaied he is held prisoner by the Spanish in Santiago Harbor, escaping just in time to rejoin his ship and take part in the Spanish-American War. Returning home a hero after a sea battle, his name is cleared and he reconciles with Mabel.

## Cast

## Bibliography

* Connelly, Robert B. (1998). *The Silents: Silent Feature Films, 1910-36*. Vol. 40 (2nd ed.). December Press. ISBN 0913204366.

## InfoBox

| Masters of Men | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | David Smith |
| Written by | C. Graham Baker |
| Based on | *Masters of Men* by Morgan Robertson |
| Produced by | Albert E. Smith |
| Starring | Earle Williams
Alice Calhoun
Wanda Hawley |
| Cinematography | W. Steve Smith Jr. |
| Production
company | Vitagraph Company of America |
| Distributed by | Vitagraph Company of America |
| Release date | * May 14, 1923 (1923-05-14) |
| Running time | 70 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Languages | Silent
English intertitles |


title: Matisse & Sadko

abstract: Matisse & Sadko is a technical DJ and production duo from Sosnovy Bor, 80 kilometres from city of St. Petersburg, consisting of brothers Aleksandr and Yury Parkhomenko. They have been the forerunners in incorporating modern technology with the beats to inspire a technological revolution in the music industry and are best known for their collaborations with Dutch DJ Martin Garrix in tracks "Dragon", "Forever", "Break Through the Silence", "Together", "Mistaken", "Hold On", "Won't Let You Go" and "Good Morning", which were received positively by critics.

text:
# Matisse & Sadko

**Matisse & Sadko** is a technical DJ and production duo from Sosnovy Bor, 80 kilometres from city of St. Petersburg, consisting of brothers Aleksandr and Yury Parkhomenko. They have been the forerunners in incorporating modern technology with the beats to inspire a technological revolution in the music industry and are best known for their collaborations with Dutch DJ Martin Garrix in tracks "Dragon", "Forever", "Break Through the Silence", "Together", "Mistaken", "Hold On", "Won't Let You Go" and "Good Morning", which were received positively by critics.

## History

Matisse & Sadko are widely regarded for being one of the front runners of modern Progressive House in the last 10 years. Alexander Parkhomenko and Yury Parkhomenko both started out as solo artists and started working together under the name "Matisse & Sadko" in 2010. Initially releasing tracks on labels Armada Zouk and Refune Music, they were brought into mainstream eyes with the release of "Trio" on 5 March 2012 which was produced with Russian DJ Arty. The track received support from artists Swedish House Mafia, Alesso and Dirty South and was known for inputting "elements from classic trance to create a truly monumental progressive house festival anthem". On 12 August 2013, Matisse & Sadko collaborated with Steve Angello to release "SLVR" on Angello's label Size Records, which marked its 100th release and Size's 10th anniversary. They follow up with notable releases "Sigure", "Stars", and "Persia" before working with Dutch DJ Martin Garrix to release their *Break Through the Silence* EP, containing the songs "Break Through the Silence" and "Dragon". They moved to a softer sound with the release of "Memories" on 7 September 2015, which was dubbed as a "contemporary piano house" track.

For the 2016 IIHF World Championship event, Matisse & Sadko produced its official theme song which was titled "Go!" They revealed their independent record label "Monomark Music" initially through a 30-second video on YouTube, and officially launched it with the release of "Machine Gun" through Monomark on 1 October 2016. Matisse & Sadko collaborated with Martin Garrix for their third time in the track "Together", which was released on 20 October 2016 and featured in Garrix's *Seven* EP. Their second release on Monomark was an Arabic-influenced track titled "Ya Amar" which was released on 17 December 2016, marking their final release for that year.

On 20 October 2017, "Forever" was released through Stmpd Rcrds which was made in collaboration with Martin Garrix. The track was initially premiered by Garrix during the Creamfields 2017 festival, and was released one day before the annual DJ Mag Top 100 announcement. They released "Witchcraft" through Monomark on 24 November 2017. The name "Witchcraft" originated from the duo's fanbase, who titled the track as so before its official reveal. The release of "Into You" on 8 December 2017 which featured singer Hanne Mjøen was a shift from their house music tracks into a more downtempo future bass sound. The duo characterized the track as "very melodic" with an atmospheric "melancholy flavour".

Matisse & Sadko's first release of 2018 produced with Tiësto titled "Dawnbreaker" was released on 27 March 2018. The track was initially premiered by Tiësto during his Ultra Music Festival 2018 set, and also appeared on his debut EP, *I Like It Loud*. "Grizzly" was released on 4 May 2018, which featured a fusion of "heavy groove-progressive house and bass house". The duo released "Built For Us" through Monomark on 1 June 2018, a track containing house music elements which differs from their previous electro releases. On 16 August 2018, they released "Saga" through Stmpd Rcrds, a song which the duo described as "not just a festival record, but an epic melody with a heroic mood, which can easily relate to the title of the track".

## Discography

### Extended plays

### Charted singles

| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | BEL (Fl)
 | BEL (Wa)
 | |
| "Hi Scandinavia!" | 2011 | \[A\] | \[B\] | Non-album singles |
| "Slvr"
(with Steve Angello) | 2013 | \[C\] | | \[D\] |
| "Riot"
(with Arty) | 2014 | \[E\] | |  |
| "Dragon"
(with Martin Garrix) | 2015 | 55\[F\] | 26\[G\] | *Break Through the Silence*
(with Martin Garrix) |
| | "Break Through the Silence"
(with Martin Garrix) |  | | 39\[H\] |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | | |

### Other singles

| Year | Title | Label | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2011 | "Svenska" | Armada Zouk | Non-album singles |
| | | | "We’re Not Alone (Hi Scandinavia!)"
(with Olly James) |
| | "Amulet" | | Pilot |
| 2012 | "The Legend"
(with Swanky Tunes) | | Refune Music |
| | "Trio"
(with Arty) | | Axtone Records |
| | "Chemistry (Turn the Flame Higher)"
(with Hard Rock Sofa and with Swanky Tunes) | | Showland Records |
| 2013 | "Stars" | | DOORN Records |
| 2014 | "Sigure" | | DOORN Records |
| | "Azonto" | | Armada Trice |
| | "Persia" | | Size Records |
| 2015 | "Memories" | | Spinnin' Deep |
| | "Tengu"
(with Vigel) | | DOORN Records |
| | "Lock 'N' Load" | | Spinnin' Records |
| 2016 | "Get Busy"
(with TITUS) | | DOORN Records |
| | "Go! (2016 Ice Hockey World Championship Official Anthem)" | | Monomark Music |
| | "Machine Gun" | |
| | "Ninjas" | | Dim Mak Records |
| | "Together"
(with Martin Garrix) | Stmpd Rcrds | *Seven* |
| | "Ya Amar" | Monomark Music | Non-album singles |
| 2017 | | "Jank' N' Gank" | Spinnin' Copyright Free Music |
| | | "Hndz Up" | Dim Mak Records |
| | | "Forever"
(with Martin Garrix) | Stmpd Rcrds |
| | | "Witchcraft" | Monomark Music |
| | | "Into You"
(featuring Hanne Mjøen) | Stmpd Rcrds |
| 2018 | "Dawnbreaker"
(with Tiësto) | Musical Freedom | *I Like It Loud* |
| | "Grizzly" | Stmpd Rcrds | Non-album singles |
| | | "Built for Us" | Monomark Music |
| | | "Mystery"
(featuring Swedish Red Elephant) | Stmpd Rcrds |
| | | "Light Me Up"
(with Raiden) | Protocol Recordings |
| | | "Saga" | Stmpd Rcrds |
| | | "Takeoff" | Musical Freedom |
| | | "Melodicca" | Self-released |
| 2019 | | "Don't Tell Me"
(with Aspyer featuring Matluck) | Stmpd Rcrds |
| | | "Mistaken"
(with Martin Garrix featuring Alex Aris) |
| | | "Another Side"
(with Robert Falcon featuring Wrabel) |
| | "Let It Buzz
(as Daffy Muffin) | Revealed Recordings | *Hardwell Presents Revealed Vol. 10* |
| | "Selecta"
(as Daffy Muffin) | Protocol Recordings | Non-album singles |
| | | "Doberman" | Stmpd Rcrds |
| | | "Fade Away"
(featuring Smbdy) |
| | | "Hold On"
(with Martin Garrix featuring Michel Zitron) |
| | | 2020 | "Best Thing"
(featuring Matluck) |
| | | "Strings Again" |
| | | "Now or Never" |
| | | "Sweet Life" |
| | | 2021 | "Meant To Be" |
| | | "Heal Me"
(featuring Alex Aris) |
| | | "OK"
(featuring Lovespeake) | Warner Music |
| | | "Dawn"
(featuring Alex Aris) | Monomark |
| | | "All We Got"
(as Shy Baboon with Maejor) | Stmpd Rcrds |
| | | "I Told You"
(as Shy Baboon) |
| | | "Relight My Love"
(with Mougleta) | Tomorrowland Music |
| | | "Won't Let You Go"
(with Martin Garrix and John Martin) | Stmpd Rcrds |
| | 2022 | "Good Morning"
(with Martin Garrix) | *Sentio* |
| | "Feeling"
(with Timofey) | Tomorrowland Music | Non-album singles |
| | | "Into The Fire"
(with Arsnøvä) | Monomark |
| 2023 | | "Afterglow"
(with Michel Zitron) | Stmpd Rcrds |
| | | "ALALA" |
| | "Lefka" | STMPD RCRDS B.V. / Tomorrowland Music | *STMPD RCRDS x Tomorrowland Music Vol. II* |
| | "Promise You"
(featuring Justin J. Moore) | Tomorrowland Music | Non-album singles |
| | | "Pull Me Through The Fire"
(with James French) | Stmpd Rcrds |
| | | "JADORE"
 | Monomark |
|

### Remixes

| Year | Track name | Original artist | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2012 | "Beating of My Heart" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | M-3ox and Heidrun | Heat Recordings |
| | "Unity" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | Shinedown | Atlantic Records |
| | "Can't Stop Now" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | The Aston Shuffle | Spinnin' Records |
| 2013 | "Neon Eyes \[Into The Deep\]" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | Saints of Valory | F-Stop Records / Atlantic |
| 2015 | "Next to Me" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | Otto Knows | Big Beat Records |
| | "In My Head" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | Galantis | |
| 2016 | "Hey" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | Fais
(featuring Afrojack) | Wall Recordings |
| 2018 | "Dreamer" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | Axwell & Ingrosso | Virgin EMI Records |
| | "The Other" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | Lauv | Self-released |
| 2022 | "Forever 1" (Matisse & Sadko Remix) | Girls' Generation | ScreaM Records |

### Production credits

| Year | Track name | Artist | Label | Contribution | Produced with |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2018 | "Phantom" | Dimitri Vangelis & Wyman | Buce Recordings | Co-production | Dimitri Vangelis & Wyman |
| | "High On Life" | Martin Garrix | Stmpd Rcrds | Production |  |
| | | | | "Dreamer" | Martin Garrix |
| 2021 | "Fire" | Ytram (Martin Garrix), Elderbrook | Stmpd Rcrds | Production | Martin Garrix |

### Notes

* **A**   "Hi Scandinavia!" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 38 on the Flemish Dance chart.
* **B**   "Hi Scandinavia!" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 30 on the Walloon Dance chart.
* **C**   "SLVR" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 1 on the Flemish Dance chart.
* **D**   "SLVR" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 2 on the Walloon Dance chart.
* **E**   "Riot" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 2 on the Flemish Dance chart.
* **F**   "Dragon" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 55 on the Flemish Ultratip chart.
* **G**   "Dragon" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked at number 26 on the Walloon Ultratip chart.
* **H**   "Break Through the Silence" did not enter the Ultratop 50, but peaked on the Walloon Ultratip chart.

## InfoBox

| Matisse & Sadko | |
| --- | --- |
| Matisse & Sadko live at Novouralsk in 2014. | |
| Background information | |
| Also known as | Daffy Muffin, Shy Baboon |
| Origin | Sosnovy Bor, Leningrad Oblast, Russia |
| Genres |  |
| Occupations | * DJs * record producers |
| Years active | 2010–present |
| Labels |  |
|  | |
| Members | * Aleksandr Parkhomenko * Yury Parkhomenko |


title: Vincent P. Kennedy

abstract: Vincent Pellet Kennedy was an American physician and politician. Kennedy was born in western Pennsylvania near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Asbury University in 1849 and received his medical degree from Rush Medical College in 1851. Kennedy moved to Minnesota in 1856 and lived in Greenleaf, Meeker County, Minnesota with his wife and family. He served in the 5th Minnesota Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War. Kennedy served in the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1861 and 1862 and in the Dakota Territorial Legislature in 1885. Kennedy died in Litchfield, Minnesota.

text:
# Vincent P. Kennedy

**Vincent Pellet Kennedy** (July 11. 1824  February 3, 1903) was an American physician and politician.

Kennedy was born in western Pennsylvania near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He graduated from Asbury University in 1849 and received his medical degree from Rush Medical College in 1851. Kennedy moved to Minnesota in 1856 and lived in Greenleaf, Meeker County, Minnesota with his wife and family. He served in the 5th Minnesota Infantry Regiment during the American Civil War. Kennedy served in the Minnesota House of Representatives in 1861 and 1862 and in the Dakota Territorial Legislature in 1885. Kennedy died in Litchfield, Minnesota.


title: Mate Bilić

abstract: Mate Bilić is a Croatian retired footballer who played as a striker. During his professional career he played mainly in Spain – where he arrived at the age of 21 – representing five different clubs. He amassed La Liga totals of 124 games and 22 goals over the course of five seasons for Sporting de Gijón and Zaragoza, as well as 197 games and 66 goals in the Segunda División.

text:
# Mate Bilić

**Mate Bilić** (born 23 October 1980) is a Croatian retired footballer who played as a striker.

During his professional career he played mainly in Spain – where he arrived at the age of 21 – representing five different clubs. He amassed La Liga totals of 124 games and 22 goals over the course of five seasons for Sporting de Gijón and Zaragoza, as well as 197 games and 66 goals in the Segunda División.

## Club career

Born in Split, Croatia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Bilić began his professional career in 1997 at hometown club HNK Hajduk Split, and went on to establish himself as a regular during 1999–2000 after a season-long loan spell with NK Mosor in the Croatian second division. He scored 15 league goals for Hajduk over two separate campaigns, including nine in 2000–01 as the side won their fourth Prva HNL title.

At the end of August 2001, Bilić transferred to Real Zaragoza in La Liga, but scored only once in 18 league appearances. Between 2002 and 2006 he represented UD Almería, Sporting de Gijón, Córdoba CF and UE Lleida (all in the Segunda División).

In June 2006, Bilić signed with SK Rapid Wien of the Austrian Bundesliga. In January 2008 he returned to Spain and Gijón, helping the Asturian club return to the top flight after a ten-year absence by scoring ten times, despite playing in roughly half of the games.

Bilić scored a hat-trick at Sevilla FC on 13 September 2008, but Sporting were defeated 3–4. During the season he again formed an effective attacking partnership with David Barral, with the pair combining for 22 league goals as the team finished in 14th place; in the following years he was used much more sparingly, only scoring one competitive goal in 2010–11, in the Copa del Rey against RCD Mallorca (2–2 home draw, 3–5 aggregate loss).

## International career

Bilić won a total of 16 caps for the Croatian under-17, under-19 and under-21 national teams, scoring six goals. Before making his debut for the full side he had also been eligible to play for Bosnia and Herzegovina, as his parents hailed from Tomislavgrad, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Head coach Slaven Bilić first selected his namesake for a friendly game against Romania on 11 February 2009, but he did not feature in that match. He eventually made his debut on 14 October, in the nation's final 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Kazakhstan in Astana, coming on as a substitute for Mario Mandžukić in the 63rd minute; Croatia won the game 2–1, but failed to reach the play-offs after finishing third in their group.

On 14 November 2009, Bilić scored his first international goals, in a friendly with Liechtenstein in Vinkovci, helping to a final 5–0 victory – the first of his two came only 42 seconds after kick-off. On 19 May 2010, in another exhibition game, against Austria in Klagenfurt, he replaced Mladen Petrić at the hour-mark and netted the only goal of the match in the 86th minute.

### International goals

| Goal | Date | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result | Competition |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1–2 | 14 November 2009 | HNK Cibalia, Vinkovci, Croatia | Liechtenstein | **1**–0 | 5–0 | Friendly |
| | | | | **5**–0 | | |
| 3 | 19 May 2010 | Hypo-Arena, Klagenfurt, Austria | Austria | **1**–0 | 1–0 | Friendly |
|

## InfoBox

Mate Bilić
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Mate Bilić | | |
| Date of birth | (1980-10-23) 23 October 1980 | | |
| Place of birth | Split, SR Croatia, SFR Yugoslavia | | |
| Height | 1.84 m (6 ft 0 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Striker | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Hajduk Split | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1998–2001 | Hajduk Split | 66 | (19) |
| 1999 | Mosor (loan) |  |  |
| 2001–2004 | Zaragoza | 18 | (1) |
| 2002–2003 | Almería (loan) | 31 | (9) |
| 2003–2004 | Sporting Gijón (loan) | 41 | (15) |
| 2004–2005 | Córdoba | 31 | (3) |
| 2005–2006 | Lleida | 40 | (18) |
| 2006–2008 | Rapid Wien | 54 | (17) |
| 2008–2013 | Sporting Gijón | 160 | (42) |
| 2013–2015 | RNK Split | 39 | (13) |
| Total |  | **480** | **(137)** |
| International career | | | |
| 2000–2001 | Croatia U21 | 8 | (4) |
| 2009–2010 | Croatia | 6 | (3) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Vilma Charlton

abstract: Vilma Charlton is a Jamaican sprinter. She competed in the women's 100 metres at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Vilma Charlton

**Vilma Charlton** (born 7 December 1946) is a Jamaican sprinter. She competed in the women's 100 metres at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

## InfoBox

Vilma Charlton
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Jamaican |
| Born | (1946-12-07) 7 December 1946 |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Sprinting |
| Event | 100 metres |
| Medal record      Representing  Jamaica  Central American and Caribbean Games  1966 San Juan  4x100 m relay  1966 San Juan  200 m | |


title: Mathurina

abstract: Mathurina penduliflora is the sole member of the monotypic genus Mathurina, of flowering plants.

text:
# Mathurina

***Mathurina penduliflora*** is the sole member of the monotypic genus *Mathurina*, of flowering plants.

## Description

*Mathurina penduliflora* is a tree native to the Rodrigues Island.

### Morphology

It grows 4 - 12 meters tall, young leaves are linear, mature leaves are obovate, and it has white hairless homostylous flowers. Heterophylly has been recorded in the genus.

## Taxonomy

Isolation of tetraphyllin B and volkenin from *M. penduliflora* support its classification as a member of Turneroideae.

## Distribution

*M. penduliflora* is only found on the Rodrigues Island.

## Conservation status

As of 2024, *M. penduliflora* has not been given a conservation status.

## InfoBox

| *Mathurina* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Passifloraceae |
| Subfamily: | Turneroideae |
| Genus: | *Mathurina*
Balf.f. |
| Species: | ***M. penduliflora*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mathurina penduliflora***
Balf.f. | |
|


title: Vimont, Quebec

abstract:
Vimont is a district in the centre of Laval, Quebec. It was a separate city until the municipal mergers on August 6, 1965.
Until 1960 the name was Saint-Elzéar.

text:
# Vimont, Quebec

**Vimont** is a district in the centre of Laval, Quebec. It was a separate city until the municipal mergers on August 6, 1965. Until 1960 the name was Saint-Elzéar.

## Geography

Vimont is delimited north-west by Sainte-Rose, north-east by Auteuil, east by Duvernay, south-west by Chomedey and south-east by Pont-Viau.

## Features

The Cité de la Santé de Laval, Laval's main hospital is located in Vimont, as is the Vimont Commuter Train station. Vimont has one hockey arena in the area, the Lucerne arena. Vimont is part of the Monteuil sports association along with Auteuil.

## Education

Commission scolaire de Laval operates Francophone public schools.

* École primaire Les Explorateurs
* École primaire Le Sentier
* École primaire Paul-Comtois
* École primaire Père-Vimont

Sir Wilfrid Laurier School Board operates Anglophone public schools. Elementary schools serving Vimont include:

* St. Paul Elementary School in Duvernay
* Terry Fox Elementary School in Auteuil
    + The school's previous campus was in Vimont. On September 20, 1993, the current campus in Auteuil opened. By 2013 the campus was at 113% capacity.

All portions of Laval are zoned to Laval Junior Academy and Laval Senior Academy

1. Saint-Elzéar
2. Interactive map of Laval from the official website Archived 2005-04-07 at the Wayback Machine Shows both the borders and names of the 14 former municipalities (purple) and the borders only of the current 6 sectors (maroon), tick off both boxes beside "Limite administrative".
3. "Les Explorateurs Archived 2017-09-24 at the Wayback Machine." Commission scolaire de Laval. Retrieved on September 24, 2017.
4. "Le Sentier Archived 2017-09-24 at the Wayback Machine." Commission scolaire de Laval. Retrieved on September 24, 2017.
5. "Paul-Comtois Archived 2017-09-24 at the Wayback Machine." Commission scolaire de Laval. Retrieved on September 24, 2017.
6. "Père-Vimont Archived 2017-09-24 at the Wayback Machine." Commission scolaire de Laval. Retrieved on September 24, 2017.
7. "About St. Paul." St. Paul Elementary School. Retrieved on September 17, 2017. "St. Paul is part of the Sir Wilfrid Laurier School Board and serves students from eastern Laval, specifically Vimont and Duvernay." See also: "SAINT-PAUL ELEMENTARY ZONE Archived 2017-09-17 at the Wayback Machine"
8. "Abou Us." St. Paul Elementary School. Retrieved on September 17, 2017.
9. "Home." Terry Fox Elementary School. April 21, 2012. Retrieved on September 17, 2017. "900 rue Des Lacasse, Vimont Laval, Québec H7K 3V9" See also: "TERRY FOX ELEMENTARY ZONE Archived 2017-09-17 at the Wayback Machine"
10. "Our History." Terry Fox Elementary School. December 22, 2004. Retrieved on September 17, 2017.
11. "Terry Fox Elementary School Archived 2017-09-17 at the Wayback Machine." Sir Wilfrid Laurier School Board. Retrieved on September 17, 2017.
12. Courchesne, Mathieu (2013-01-16). "L'école Terry-Fox déborde". L'Echo de Laval. Retrieved 2017-09-17.

45°35′59.6″N 73°43′30.7″W / 45.599889°N 73.725194°W / 45.599889; -73.725194


title: Matica, Trbovlje

abstract: Matica is a former settlement in the Municipality of Trbovlje in central Slovenia. It is now part of the village of Župa. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

text:
# Matica, Trbovlje

**Matica** (Slovene pronunciation: \[ˈmaːtitsa\]) is a former settlement in the Municipality of Trbovlje in central Slovenia. It is now part of the village of Župa. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

## Geography

Matica lies in the northern part of Župa, below the southeast slope of Kožlak Hill (elevation: 669 meters or 2,195 feet).

## History

Matica had a population of 79 living in 12 houses in 1880, and 88 living in 12 houses in 1900. Together with part of neighboring Ključevica, Matica was merged into the newly created settlement of Župa in 1955, ending its existence as an independent settlement.

## InfoBox

| Matica | |
| --- | --- |
| MaticaLocation in Slovenia | |
| Coordinates: 46°6′33″N 15°5′5″E / 46.10917°N 15.08472°E / 46.10917; 15.08472 | |
| Country | Slovenia |
| Traditional region | Lower Carniola |
| Statistical region | Central Sava |
| Municipality | Trbovlje |
| Elevation | 661 m (2,169 ft) |


title: Matic Črnic

abstract: Matic Črnic is a Slovenian footballer who plays as a winger for Roho.

text:
# Matic Črnic

**Matic Črnic** (born 12 June 1992) is a Slovenian footballer who plays as a winger for Roho.

## Club career

In August 2016, Črnic joined Rijeka in Croatia on a three-year deal. Following two years with the club, in June 2018, Črnic was signed by Olimpija Ljubljana.

## International career

Črnic made his debut for Slovenia in a March 2016 friendly match away against Northern Ireland, coming on as a 75th-minute substitute for Roman Bezjak.

## Honours

**Maribor**

**Rijeka**

**Olimpija Ljubljana**

1. "Matic Črnic – osebni karton" \[Matic Crnic – personal card\] (in Slovenian). NK Maribor. Archived from the original on 1 April 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2014.
2. "Matic Črnic potpisao za HNK Rijeka" (in Croatian). HNK Rijeka. 26 August 2016. Archived from the original on 3 September 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2016.
3. "Rijeka prodala Matica Črnica u Olimpiju". *Novi List* (in Croatian). 30 June 2018. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
4. "Matic Črnic, international football player". *eu-football.info*. Retrieved 9 September 2023.

## InfoBox

Matic Črnic
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1992-06-12) 12 June 1992 | | |
| Place of birth | Maribor, Slovenia | | |
| Height | 1.74 m (5 ft 9 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Winger | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Roho | | |
| Number | 11 | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 0000–2011 | Maribor | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2009–2014 | Maribor | 55 | (5) |
| 2012 | Dravinja (loan) | 9 | (2) |
| 2013 | Aluminij (loan) | 14 | (1) |
| 2014 | Maribor B | 11 | (7) |
| 2015–2016 | Domžale | 44 | (10) |
| 2016–2018 | Rijeka | 28 | (3) |
| 2018–2020 | Olimpija Ljubljana | 19 | (3) |
| 2021 | Gorica | 2 | (0) |
| 2022 | TUS Heiligenkreuz | 13 | (1) |
| 2022–2023 | SV Wildon | 17 | (3) |
| 2023–2024 | SV Rottenmann | 12 | (1) |
| 2024– | Roho | 3 | (1) |
| International career | | | |
| 2008–2009 | Slovenia U17 | 6 | (0) |
| 2009 | Slovenia U19 | 3 | (0) |
| 2013–2014 | Slovenia U21 | 10 | (0) |
| 2016 | Slovenia | 2 | (0) |
| 2019 | Slovenia B | 1 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 8 April 2024 | | | |


title: Vinay Govind

abstract: Vinay Govindankutty better known as Vinay Govind is an Indian film director. His first feature directional venture, Kili Poyi debuted on 1 March 2013. The film opened to mixed response from the critics, though found major fanfare among the youth. Kili Poyi is also one of the few stoner films produced in the country.

text:
# Vinay Govind

**Vinay Govindankutty** better known as **Vinay Govind** (born 3 March 1988) is an Indian film director. His first feature directional venture, *Kili Poyi* debuted on 1 March 2013. The film opened to mixed response from the critics, though found major fanfare among the youth. *Kili Poyi* is also one of the few stoner films produced in the country.

## Early life and education

Vinay was born in Perinthalmanna, a town in the Malappuram District of Kerala. He completed his high school in Presentation English Medium High School, Perinthalmanna. He graduated in visual communications from Loyola College, Chennai, a prominent institution in Southern India.

## Career

Vinay started his career in the advertising film industry before moving to being an associate director to V. K. Prakash. He debuted as an Assistant Director with Prakash's 2011 blockbuster *Beautiful*.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Cast | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2013 | *Kili Poyi* | Director
Writer | Asif Ali, Aju Varghese |  |
| 2015 | *Kohinoor* | Director | Asif Ali, Indrajith Sukumaran, Aju Varghese, Chemban Vinod Jose |  |
| TBA | Get-Set Baby | Director | Unni Mukundan, Nikhila Vimal |  |
|

## InfoBox

| Vinay Govind | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1988-03-03) 3 March 1988
Perinthalmanna, Kerala, India |
| Occupation | Film Director |


title: Violent New Breed

abstract: Violent New Breed is the third and final album by Swedish rock band Shotgun Messiah, released in 1993 on Relativity Records. Breaking from their previous albums, Violent New Breed features a more industrial rock/metal sound.

text:
# Violent New Breed

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

***Violent New Breed*** is the third and final album by Swedish rock band Shotgun Messiah, released in 1993 on Relativity Records. Breaking from their previous albums, *Violent New Breed* features a more industrial rock/metal sound.

## Track listing

* All songs written by Shotgun Messiah

1. "I'm a Gun" - 3:29
2. "Come Down" - 3:12
3. "Violent New Breed" - 4:57
4. "Enemy in Me" - 4:05
5. "Revolution" - 3:38
6. "Monkey Needs" - 3:22
7. "Rain" - 3:46
8. "Jihad" - 3:53
9. "Side F/X" - 2:08
10. "Sex" - 4:17
11. "Overkill" - 3:14
12. "I Come in Peace" - 3:43

## Personnel

* Tim Skold \- vocals, bass, programming
* Harry K. Cody - guitars, programming
* Ulf "Cybersank" Sandquist - programming

Produced, arranged and performed by Ulf "Cybersank" Sandquist and Shotgun Messiah (Harry Cody & Tim Skold.)

Recorded at Atlantis Studios, Stockholm.

Mixed by Stefan Glaumann at M.V.G. Studios, Stockholm.

Cover by Michael Lucero (?UC-Is-?U-Get) and Shotgun Messiah.

## InfoBox

| Violent New Breed | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Shotgun Messiah | |
| Released | 28 September 1993 |
| Recorded | Atlantis, Stockholm, Sweden |
| Genre | Industrial metal, hard rock |
| Length | 43:43 |
| Label | Relativity |
| Producer | Ulf "Cybersank" Sandquist
Shotgun Messiah |
| Shotgun Messiah chronology | |
| *Second Coming*
(1991) ***Violent New Breed***
(1993) | |


title: Mater semper certa est

abstract: In Roman law, mater semper certa est is a legal principle which has the power of praesumptio iuris et de iure, meaning that no counter-evidence can be made against this principle. It provides that the mother of the child is conclusively established, from the moment of birth, by the mother's role in the birth. Since egg donation, or embryo donation with surrogacy, started using the technique of in-vitro fertilization, the principle of mater semper certa est has been shaken, since a child may have a genetic and a gestational ("birth"), let alone a "social", mother who are different individuals. Since then some countries have converted the old natural law to an equivalent codified law; in 1997 Germany introduced paragraph 1591 Mutterschaft ("motherhood") of the BGB reading Mutter eines Kindes ist die Frau, die es geboren hat. This has also been tested in the British case of Freddy McConnell. The Roman law principle, however, does not stop at the mother, in fact it continues with pater semper incertus est. This was regulated by the law of pater est, quem nuptiae demonstrant. Essentially paternity fraud had originally been a marriage fraud in the civil code due to this principle. Today some married fathers use the modern tools of DNA testing to ensure a certainty on their fatherhood.

text:
# Mater semper certa est

In Roman law, ***mater semper certa est*** (from Latin: "the mother is always certain") is a legal principle which has the power of *praesumptio iuris et de iure* ("presumption of law and by law"), meaning that no counter-evidence can be made against this principle. It provides that the mother of the child is conclusively established, from the moment of birth, by the mother's role in the birth.

Since egg donation, or embryo donation with surrogacy, started using the technique of *in-vitro* fertilization, the principle of *mater semper certa est* has been shaken, since a child may have a *genetic* and a *gestational* ("birth"), let alone a "social", mother who are different individuals. Since then some countries have converted the old natural law to an equivalent codified law; in 1997 Germany introduced paragraph 1591 *Mutterschaft* ("motherhood") of the BGB (civil code) reading *Mutter eines Kindes ist die Frau, die es geboren hat* ("the mother of a child is the woman who gave birth to it"). This has also been tested in the British case of Freddy McConnell.

The Roman law principle, however, does not stop at the mother, in fact it continues with *pater semper incertus est* ("The father is always uncertain"). This was regulated by the law of *pater est, quem nuptiae demonstrant* ("the father is he to whom marriage points"; see presumption of legitimacy). Essentially paternity fraud had originally been a marriage fraud in the civil code due to this principle. Today some married fathers use the modern tools of DNA testing to ensure a certainty on their fatherhood.

1. K. Zweigert; K. Drobnig (1 January 1991). *International Encyclopedia of Comparative Law*. BRILL. pp. 28–. GGKEY:1LUWFFPE9KR.
2. "Trans man who gave birth loses historic court battle to be named his child's father". 25 September 2019.
3. Rawe, Julie (19 January 2007). "Duped Dads Fight Back". *Time Magazine U.S*. Archived from the original on February 8, 2007.


title: Virgin Films

abstract: Virgin Films was a film production company of the early 1980s best known for making Nineteen Eighty Four (1984). It was part of the Virgin Group and was headed by Al Clark. Nik Powell worked for the company before going over to Palace Pictures.

text:
# Virgin Films

**Virgin Films** was a film production company of the early 1980s best known for making *Nineteen Eighty Four* (1984). It was part of the Virgin Group and was headed by Al Clark. Nik Powell worked for the company before going over to Palace Pictures.

## History

Virgin Films first came to attention distributing *The Great Rock'n'Roll Swindle* (1980), in which they invested £150,000. They expanded into film production in the early 1980s, investing in the short, *A Shocking Accident* (1982) with Jenny Seagrove and Rupert Everett. This film wound up winning an Oscar and encouraged Richard Branson to expand into filmmaking, appointing Al Clark head of production. In 1983 Virgin announced they would invest £14 million in a series of movies.

Among their productions were *Electric Dreams* and *Secret Places*. Their best known movie was an adaptation of *Nineteen Eighty-Four* (1984). There was controversy between Virgin and the makers of that film over Virgin's request to introduce a music score by Eurythmics.

An investment in the notorious flop *Absolute Beginners* (1986) discouraged them from further involvement in the film world at the time.

At one stage they were connected with *Hellraiser* (1987).

In July 1989, Jonathan D. Krane's Management Company Entertainment Group bought the division, which in the meantime had been renamed Virgin Vision, for $83 million, using loans from General Electric Capital Corporation, Standard Chartered and the Virgin Group itself. Virgin Vision was at the time a full-fledged theatrical and video distributor, with operations in the United Kingdom and some other European territories, the Middle East and Australia. However, MCEG fell into debt worth $125 million and eventually filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy, after which 85% of Virgin Vision went to GE Capital in 1990, with the remaining 15% owned by the Virgin Group. By this point, the company scaled down its operations to the UK video market only and sold off their international operations.

In March 1991, GE Capital announced that they had placed Virgin Vision up for sale. In July, Virgin sold its stake in the company over to GE Capital and renamed the subsidiary as Vision Video Ltd. In January 1993, it was announced Vision Video had been sold to PolyGram for less than $5.6 million, with the company's operations being merged into those of PolyGram Video.

PolyGram began using the Vision Video Ltd. banner for their budget VHS releases, alongside their already existing 4 Front Video label.

In May 1998, Seagram, the owners of Universal Pictures, purchased PolyGram for $10.6 billion, and in November 1998, they had agreed to sell PolyGram Filmed Entertainment's pre-31 March 1996 library, including the Virgin Films catalogue, to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer for $235–250 million.

Around this time, the Vision Video Ltd. label continued to be used by the now-rebranded Universal Pictures Video until being retired as a whole in the Mid-2000's.

In 2010 Virgin expanded into film making again with Virgin Produced.

## Select filmography

1. Alexander Walker, *Icons in the Fire: The Rise and Fall of Practically Everyone in the British Film Industry 1984–2000*, Orion Books, 2005 p11
2. Walker 1986 p254
3. Elder, Bruce (8 November 1997). "VIRGINS, QUEENS AND OUTSIDERS; PROFILE – AL CLARK / PRODUCER". *The Sydney Morning Herald* (LATE ed.). p. 3.
4. Walker 1986 p284
5. "A Director's Vision of Orwell's '1984' Draws Inspiration From 1948: Filming '1984' By MICHAEL BILLINGTON". *The New York Times*. 3 June 1984. p. H19.
6. Chorlton, Penny (14 November 1984). "Virgin changes its 1984 tune". *The Guardian*. London (UK). p. 2.
7. Both, Cathy (14 December 1984). "The talk about '1984' is not sweet music". *Chicago Tribune*. p. n\_aI.
8. lain Blair (6 January 1985). "POP: EURYTHMICS HOPPING MAD OVER '1984' FILM FLAP: 'IT'S A FARCE'". *Chicago Tribune*. p. k8.
9. Costello, Matthew J. (27 July 1986). "THRILL MEISTER". *Los Angeles Times*. p. Q37.
10. "GE Setting Its Sights on Sale of Virgin Vision". *Variety*. 3 March 1991. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
11. Ilott, Terry (31 January 1993). "PolyGram's visionary deal". *Variety*. Retrieved 30 March 2022.
12. Eller, Claudia (23 October 1998). "MGM Agrees to Acquire PolyGram Movie Library". *Los Angeles Times*. Retrieved 30 March 2022.

Walker, Alexander, *National Heroes: British Cinema in the Seventies and Eighties*, Harrap 1986

## InfoBox

Virgin Films
| Industry | Motion picture production |
| --- | --- |
| Successor | Library:
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer |
| Key people | Al Clark
Nik Powell
Richard Branson |
| Parent |  |


title: Viola ocellata

abstract: Viola ocellata is a species of violet known by the common names pinto violet, two-eyed violet, and western heart's ease. It is native to southern Oregon and northern and central California, where it occurs in the coastal foothills and mountain ranges. It sometimes grows in serpentine soils and in quicksilver mines.

text:
# Viola ocellata

***Viola ocellata*** is a species of violet known by the common names **pinto violet**, **two-eyed violet**, and **western heart's ease**. It is native to southern Oregon and northern and central California, where it occurs in the coastal foothills and mountain ranges. It sometimes grows in serpentine soils and in quicksilver mines.

## Description

This rhizomatous herb produces a hairy erect or decumbent stem measuring 5 to 37 centimetres (2.0 to 14.6 in) long. The leaves have heart-shaped or roughly lance-shaped blades borne on petioles a few centimeters long. A solitary flower is borne on a long, upright stem. It has five white petals with yellow bases, the lowest three veined with purple and the two lateral ones with purple eyespots. The inside of the flower has long hairs. The outer surfaces, at least of the two upper petals, is usually stained dark red or purple. It capsules are spherical and are 5–11 millimetres (0.20–0.43 in) long while its peduncles are puberulent and are 1–10 centimetres (0.39–3.94 in) long. The seeds of the plant are brownish-purple in colour and are 2 millimetres (0.079 in) long. The rootstocks are often long and stolon-like.

The species is a host plant of the butterfly *Boloria epithore*.

## InfoBox

| *Viola ocellata* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malpighiales |
| Family: | Violaceae |
| Genus: | *Viola* |
| Species: | ***V. ocellata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Viola ocellata***<br>Torr. & A.Gray | |
|


abstract: The Virgin and Child with Saint Paul and Saint Francis is a 1508-1530 oil on poplar panel. It was previously attributed to Cima da Conegliano but now thought to be by one of his studio assistants, possibly using workshop drawings by the artist himself, since all four figures appear in autograph works by the painter. It is now in the National Gallery, London.

text:
# Virgin and Child with Saint Paul and Saint Francis

***The Virgin and Child with Saint Paul and Saint Francis*** is a 1508-1530 oil on poplar panel. It was previously attributed to Cima da Conegliano but now thought to be by one of his studio assistants, possibly using workshop drawings by the artist himself, since all four figures appear in autograph works by the painter. It is now in the National Gallery, London.

1. "Catalogue entry".


title: Vitex gigantea

abstract: Vitex gigantea is a species of tree in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to Panama and South America.

text:
# Vitex gigantea

***Vitex gigantea*** is a species of tree in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to Panama and South America.

## InfoBox

| *Vitex gigantea* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lamiaceae |
| Genus: | *Vitex* |
| Species: | ***V. gigantea*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Vitex gigantea***<br>Kunth | |
|


title: Matilde Pacheco

abstract: Matilde Irene Pacheco Stewart was the First Lady of Uruguay at the beginning of the 20th century.

text:
# Matilde Pacheco

**Matilde Irene Pacheco Stewart** (September 20, 1854 – February 13, 1926) was the First Lady of Uruguay at the beginning of the 20th century.

## Biography

Daughter of Manuel Pacheco y Obes (1813–1869), a brother of Melchor Pacheco y Obes; her mother, Anne Stewart Agell, was a sister of Duncan Stewart.

Matilde Pacheco married Ruperto Michaelsson Batlle (a nephew of Lorenzo Batlle y Grau) in 1872, with whom she had five children: Matilde, Ruperto, Juan Luis, Guillermo, and Carlos Michaelsson Pacheco. Afterwards she married in 1894 with a cousin of her first husband, José Batlle y Ordóñez, with whom she also had five children: César (1885); Rafael (1887); Amalia Ana (1892); Ana Amalia (1894); and Lorenzo (1897).

## Bibliography

* Mercedes Vigil: *Matilde, la mujer de Batlle*. Planeta, 2005, ISBN 9504910955


title: Matt Carroll (producer)

abstract: Matthew Carroll OBE is an Australian film and TV producer. He is best known for producing films since the early 1970s including Breaker Morant, Storm Boy and Sunday Too Far Away. Later, he went into television production, producing the television series G.P. for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). He was a principal in the production house Roadshow, Coote and Carroll which produced television shows for Australian and international audiences.

text:
# Matt Carroll (producer)

**Matthew Carroll** OBE (born 6 June 1944) is an Australian film and TV producer. He is best known for producing films since the early 1970s including *Breaker Morant*, *Storm Boy* and *Sunday Too Far Away*. Later, he went into television production, producing the television series *G.P.* for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). He was a principal in the production house Roadshow, Coote and Carroll which produced television shows for Australian and international audiences.

## Background and early career

Carroll was born in 1944 in Sydney. Originally, he studied to be an architect at the University of New South Wales – where he met Jim Sharman, Brian Thomson and others – but became involved in television, working on *Skippy* and *Spyforce* while completing his degree.

He formed Kolossal Productions with Jim Sharman in 1972. The company produced *Private Collection* and *Shirley Thompson vs. the Aliens* neither of which achieved popular or critical success.

## Production career

Carroll joined the South Australian Film Corporation in 1973. His first significant role as producer was *Sunday Too Far Away* in 1975 produced with Gil Brealey. There were significant disagreements in post-production as several minutes were cut from the film, causing friction with director Ken Hannam. However, the finished film was a hit at the Cannes Film Festival, opened the Sydney Film Festival and won the Golden Reel at the 1974–75 Australian Film Awards.

*Storm Boy*, produced the next year, was another critical success. It was a popular children's film both in Australia and Britain and won a medal at the Moscow Film Festival in 1977 for Best Children's Film. Carroll produced *Breaker Morant* in 1980 which was another critical success. Carroll left the South Australian Film Corporation in 1983.

### Roadshow Coote Carroll

In 1984, Carroll joined the television production company Roadshow Coote Carroll as managing director. It produced Australian television series and miniseries which were sold to Australian broadcasters and to international broadcasters in the UK, the Public Broadcasting Service or cable broadcasters and to European broadcasters.

He produced the 1988 miniseries *True Believers* written by Bob Ellis, a dramatisation of Australian political life between 1940 and 1954. It was a particular favourite of Paul Keating who stated in his 1993 victory speech: "This is a victory for the true believers, for those who kept the faith through difficult times".

In 1992 Carroll produced the film *Turtle Beach*, based on the 1981 Blanche d'Alpuget book of the same name. It caused controversy in Malaysia where the Government took exception to scenes of Malays executing refugees.

Between 1989 and 1996 he produced *G.P.* for the ABC, which was set in an inner-Sydney suburb, with locations shot mainly in the Newtown area. It was shown on Thames Television in the UK from 1990. Carroll was proud of its focus on social issues. The show won a Human Rights Award in 1989 for its portrayal of a young child dying of AIDS. During his time at Roadshow Coote Carroll, he was also involved in the development of the highly acclaimed *Brides of Christ* set in a Sydney convent during the 1960s.

### Independent productions

Carroll set up as an independent producer in 1995. His first production was the 1996 film *Diana & Me* starring Toni Collette, which failed to break through commercially or critically. In 1999, he produced the first series of the science fiction series *Farscape* as well as the film *Passion: The Story of Percy Grainger*. In 2003, he produced *The Postcard Bandit*, which was nominated for Most Outstanding Miniseries or Telemovie in the Logie Awards of 2004.


title: Viper telescope

abstract: The Viper telescope was a 2-metre telescope used to observe the submillimetre band from the South Pole. This telescope was located at the Center for Astrophysical Research, also known as (CARA), in the Amundsen-Scott station in Antarctica. The project was operated by many scientists; the team leader, Dr. Jeffrey Peterson, is a Carnegie Mellon astrophysicist. Viper was mainly used to view Cosmic microwave background. First operational in 1998, the telescope was used to help scientists prove or disprove the Big Crunch theory. The telescope was at the time also one of the most powerful of its kind. Previous cosmic background telescopes were smaller and less sensitive. It was decommissioned in 2005.

text:
# Viper telescope

The **Viper telescope** was a 2-metre telescope used to observe the submillimetre band from the South Pole. This telescope was located at the Center for Astrophysical Research, also known as (CARA), in the Amundsen-Scott station in Antarctica. The project was operated by many scientists; the team leader, Dr. Jeffrey Peterson, is a Carnegie Mellon astrophysicist.

Viper was mainly used to view Cosmic microwave background. First operational in 1998, the telescope was used to help scientists prove or disprove the Big Crunch theory. The telescope was at the time also one of the most powerful of its kind. Previous cosmic background telescopes were smaller and less sensitive. It was decommissioned in 2005.

## InfoBox

Viper telescope
| Part of | Amundsen–Scott South Pole Station |
| --- | --- |
| Location(s) | Antarctic Treaty area |
| Coordinates | 90°00′S 139°16′W / 90°S 139.27°W / -90; -139.27 |
| Wavelength | 40 GHz (7.5 mm) |
| First light | 1998 |
| Decommissioned | November 2005 |
| Telescope style | cosmic microwave background experiment<br>radio interferometer |
| Diameter | 2 m (6 ft 7 in) |
| Location of Viper telescope | |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |


title: Matt Herges

abstract: Matthew Tyler Herges is an American former professional baseball relief pitcher who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1999 to 2009, and is the former pitching coach for the Arizona Diamondbacks. Herges played in MLB for the Los Angeles Dodgers, Montreal Expos, San Diego Padres, San Francisco Giants, Arizona Diamondbacks, Florida Marlins, Colorado Rockies, and Cleveland Indians, and is one of only two players, along with Steve Finley, to play for all five National League West teams. He is an alumnus of Illinois State University and is the brother-in-law of former Major League Baseball player Todd Hollandsworth.

text:
# Matt Herges

**Matthew Tyler Herges** (born April 1, 1970) is an American former professional baseball relief pitcher who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1999 to 2009, and is the former pitching coach for the Arizona Diamondbacks.

Herges played in MLB for the Los Angeles Dodgers, Montreal Expos, San Diego Padres, San Francisco Giants, Arizona Diamondbacks, Florida Marlins, Colorado Rockies, and Cleveland Indians, and is one of only two players, along with Steve Finley, to play for all five National League West teams. He is an alumnus of Illinois State University and is the brother-in-law of former Major League Baseball player Todd Hollandsworth.

## Career

### Amateur

A native of Champaign, Illinois, Herges attended Centennial High School and Illinois State. In 1990, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Brewster Whitecaps of the Cape Cod Baseball League.

### Los Angeles Dodgers

Herges was signed by the Los Angeles Dodgers as an amateur free agent in 1992. He began his career with the Yakima Bears in 1992, then played with the Bakersfield Dodgers (1993) and Vero Beach Dodgers (1994).

Herges went to spring training as a replacement player in 1995 when the Major League Baseball Players' Association was on strike. As a result, he was barred from membership in the Association for the rest of his career, depriving him of certain revenue sharing sources available to other players.

Herges remained in the Dodgers farm system after the strike, playing for the San Bernardino Spirit (1995), San Antonio Missions (1995–1996) and Albuquerque Dukes (1996–1999).

He also played with the Adelaide Giants in the Australian Baseball League during the 1999 off-season.

Herges made his Major League Baseball debut later that year with the Dodgers on August 3 against the Houston Astros, allowing 1 unearned run in 1.2 innings of relief. He only played in 17 games in 1999 but became a full-time member of the Dodgers bullpen the next season. He picked up his first win on April 21, 2000, against the Cincinnati Reds and went on to win his first 8 decisions. His first loss was on August 7 against the Chicago Cubs, his first game as a starting pitcher.

Between 1999 and 2001, he appeared in 151 games for the Dodgers, including starting 4 games in 2000. He posted a 20–13 record and a 3.38 ERA.

Herges went into spring training in 2002 expecting to be the Dodgers closer after the retirement of Jeff Shaw. However, he pitched poorly in spring training games, with some speculating that it was due to the Dodgers failure to sign him to a contract extension. He wound up losing the role to converted starter Éric Gagné.

### Montreal Expos

The Dodgers traded Herges to the Montreal Expos on March 23, 2002, in exchange for Guillermo Mota and Wilkin Ruan. He pitched in 62 games for the Expos, with a 2–5 record and 4.04 ERA with 6 saves.

### San Diego Padres

Herges was traded by the Expos to the Pittsburgh Pirates on December 20, 2002, for Chris Young. However the Pirates released him on March 26, 2003, after he was unable to win a roster spot in spring training. The San Diego Padres signed him as a free agent a few days later, on April 1. He pitched in 40 games with the Padres, with a 2–2 record and 2.86 ERA.

### San Francisco Giants

Herges was traded by the Padres to the San Francisco Giants on July 13, 2003, for Clay Hensley and cash. He pitched with the Giants for parts of 3 seasons. He was the primary setup man for most of that time, but also picked up 23 saves in 2004 when he filled in at closer for the injured Robb Nen. He pitched in a total of 118 games for the Giants, with an ERA of 4.30 and a 6–6 record.

### Arizona Diamondbacks

The Giants traded him to the Arizona Diamondbacks on June 3, 2005, in exchange for Doug DeVore. Herges appeared in just 7 games with the Diamondbacks and allowed 12 earned runs to score in 8 innings for a 13.50 ERA. He was promptly designated for assignment on June 18. He cleared waivers and reported to the AAA Tucson Sidewinders, where he appeared in 26 games the rest of the season with a 1–2 record and 3.14 ERA.

### Florida Marlins

Herges became a free agent after the 2005 season and signed with the Florida Marlins. He appeared in 66 games for the Marlins, with a 2–3 record and 4.31 ERA.

### Colorado Rockies

Herges signed as a free agent with the Colorado Rockies on February 18, 2007. With this signing, he joined outfielder Steve Finley in being one of only two players in MLB history to play for every team within a five-team division. Herges has appeared for every team in the National League West. He tied this record on April 19, 2007.

He split the 2007 season between the Rockies and the Colorado Springs Sky Sox in AAA and then played the whole 2008 season with the Rockies. He appeared in the 2007 World Series as a member of the Rockies, pitching 313 scoreless innings in relief against the Boston Red Sox.

### Cleveland Indians

He signed a minor league contract with the Cleveland Indians that contained a spring training invite on January 16, 2009. He began the season with the Columbus Clippers and was promoted to the Indians on May 6. In 21 games with the Indians, he was 2–1 with a 3.55 ERA before he was designated for assignment on July 4.

### Return to the Colorado Rockies

After his release by the Indians, he re-signed with the Rockies to a minor league deal on July 20, 2009. He pitched in 13 games for Colorado Springs and another 9 for the Rockies.

### Kansas City Royals

He signed as a minor league free agent with the Kansas City Royals on January 10, 2010. He did not play for the Royals but spent the entire season in AAA with the Omaha Royals, where he was 9–4 with a 4.63 ERA in 43 appearances and also started 5 games. He retired after the season.

### Coaching

He was hired by the Los Angeles Dodgers as a minor league pitching instructor in 2011 and was the pitching coach for the Arizona League Dodgers. For 2012 he was promoted to be the pitching coach for the Class-A Rancho Cucamonga Quakes. After three seasons with the Quakes, he was promoted to be the pitching coach with the Double-A Tulsa Drillers of the Texas League. In 2016, Herges was promoted again, to the AAA Oklahoma City Dodgers of the Pacific Coast League. He was the bullpen coach for the San Francisco Giants in 2018 and 2019.

Herges was hired as the Arizona Diamondbacks pitching coach on October 31, 2019. He spent the 2020 and 2021 seasons with the team. In October 2021, the Diamondbacks announced that several coaches, including Herges, would not be retained.

## Steroid use

After he was mentioned in the Mitchell Report, Herges admitted that he had used steroids and human growth hormone during his career.

## InfoBox

| Matt Herges | |
| --- | --- |
| Herges with the Rockies | |
| **Pitcher** | |
| **Born:**  (1970-04-01) April 1, 1970<br>Champaign, Illinois, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Left**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| August 3, 1999, for the Los Angeles Dodgers | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| October 4, 2009, for the Colorado Rockies | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Win–loss record | 43–35 |
| Earned run average | 3.91 |
| Strikeouts | 473 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Matgue River Valley Battle Area

abstract: The Matgue River Valley Battle Area was the site of a decisive Allied victory during the 1944 Battle of Guam. The area was the scene of a major counterattack by Japanese forces against the Allied beachhead, in which the Japanese suffered extremely heavy casualties and were beaten back. After this attack, the remaining Japanese forces on the island retreated to the north. The area is located in the hills southwest of Asan Point along the Matgue River. The only surviving structural remnants associated with the battle are caves dug by the Japanese as defensive positions prior to the invasion. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

text:
# Matgue River Valley Battle Area

The **Matgue River Valley Battle Area** was the site of a decisive Allied victory during the 1944 Battle of Guam. The area was the scene of a major counterattack by Japanese forces against the Allied beachhead, in which the Japanese suffered extremely heavy casualties and were beaten back. After this attack, the remaining Japanese forces on the island retreated to the north. The area is located in the hills southwest of Asan Point along the Matgue River. The only surviving structural remnants associated with the battle are caves dug by the Japanese as defensive positions prior to the invasion.

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Matgue River Valley Battle Area | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 0.6 mi. SW of Asan off Guam Highway 1, Asan-Maina, Guam |
| Coordinates | 13°27′54″N 144°42′17″E / 13.46500°N 144.70472°E / 13.46500; 144.70472 |
| Area | 55 acres (22 ha) |
| Built | 1944 (1944) |
| NRHP reference No. | 75001917 |
| Added to NRHP | April 3, 1975 |


title: Matotoka

abstract: Matotoka is a town in Tane Chiefdom, Tonkolili District in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone. Matotoka lies approximately 165 miles east of Freetown, on the highway linking Makeni to Kono District, and marks the point where the highway deteriorates to a rough track for the last 74 miles to Koidutown-Sefadu. There are plans to improve this road with the help of a large grant from the African Development Bank. A loan has been signed for the work as far as Yiye.

text:
# Matotoka

**Matotoka** is a town in Tane Chiefdom, Tonkolili District in the Northern Province of Sierra Leone.

Matotoka lies approximately 165 miles east of Freetown, on the highway linking Makeni to Kono District, and marks the point where the highway deteriorates to a rough track for the last 74 miles to Koidutown-Sefadu. There are plans to improve this road with the help of a large grant from the African Development Bank. A loan has been signed for the work as far as Yiye (a waterway at 8° 31' 00" N; 11° 21' 00" W).

## InfoBox

| Matotoka | |
| --- | --- |
| MatotokaLocation in Sierra Leone | |
| Coordinates: 08°39′36″N 11°51′36″W / 8.66000°N 11.86000°W / 8.66000; -11.86000 | |
| Country | Sierra Leone |
| Province | Northern Province |
| District | Tonkolili District |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (GMT) |


title: Mattapoisett Center, Massachusetts

abstract: Mattapoisett Center is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Mattapoisett in Plymouth County, Massachusetts. The population was 2,915 at the 2010 census.

text:
# Mattapoisett Center, Massachusetts

**Mattapoisett Center** is a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Mattapoisett in Plymouth County, Massachusetts. The population was 2,915 at the 2010 census.

## Geography

Mattapoisett Center is located at 41°39′38″N 70°48′8″W / 41.66056°N 70.80222°W / 41.66056; -70.80222 (41.660688, -70.802310).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 4.4 square miles (11 km2).

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 3,190 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

At the 2000 census, there were 2,966 people, 1,283 households and 822 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 666.8 inhabitants per square mile (257.5/km2). There were 1,571 housing units at an average density of 353.2 per square mile (136.4/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 96.12% White, 0.98% African American, 0.07% Native American, 0.91% Asian, 1.21% from other races, and 0.71% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.78% of the population.

There were 1,283 households, of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were married couples living together, 10.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.9% were non-families. 31.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.87.

22.5% of the population were under the age of 18, 4.2% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 28.3% from 45 to 64, and 19.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.4 males.

The median household income was $54,107 and the median family income was $65,893. Males had a median income of $51,477 versus $35,950 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $28,758. About 3.6% of families and 5.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4.3% of those under age 18 and 4.7% of those age 65 or over.

## InfoBox

| Mattapoisett Center, Massachusetts | |
| --- | --- |
| Census-designated place | |
| Center School, the K-3 public school in Mattapoisett. | |
| Location in Plymouth County in Massachusetts | |
| Coordinates: 41°39′38″N 70°48′8″W / 41.66056°N 70.80222°W / 41.66056; -70.80222 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Massachusetts |
| County | Plymouth |
| Area | |
| Total | 4.96 sq mi (12.83 km2) |
| Land | 4.89 sq mi (12.67 km2) |
| Water | 0.06 sq mi (0.17 km2) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 3,190 |
| Density | 652.22/sq mi (251.82/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| FIPS code | 25-39485 |


title: Matilda Jungstedt

abstract: Matilda Jungstedt was a Swedish opera singer. She was born in Norrköping as the daughter of Johan Nils Jungstedt and Matilda Sundius, and was sister of painter Axel Jungstedt. She was active at the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm from 1888.

text:
# Matilda Jungstedt

**Matilda Jungstedt** (13 October 1864 1923) was a Swedish opera singer. She was born in Norrköping as the daughter of Johan Nils Jungstedt and Matilda Sundius, and was sister of painter Axel Jungstedt. She was active at the Royal Swedish Opera in Stockholm from 1888.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Matilda Jungstedt | |
| --- | --- |
| Matilda Jungstedt, about 1913 | |
| Born | (1864-10-13)13 October 1864<br>Norrköping |
| Died | 1923 (aged 5859) |
| Nationality | Swedish |
| Occupation | Opera singer |
| Relatives | Axel Jungstedt (brother) |


title: Matt "Skitz" Sanders

abstract: Matt "Skitz" Sanders is an Australian extreme metal drummer and musician. In 1989 he founded a "hatecore" band, Damaged. He has played with many Australian heavy metal bands including King Parrot, Blood Duster, Abramelin, Walk the Earth, Suicide Bombers, Deströyer 666, and Sadistik Exekution. In 2006 he formed Terrorust with members of previous bands.

text:
# Matt "Skitz" Sanders

**Matt "Skitz" Sanders** (born 19 December 1972) is an Australian extreme metal drummer and musician. In 1989 he founded a "hatecore" band, Damaged. He has played with many Australian heavy metal bands including King Parrot, Blood Duster, Abramelin, Walk the Earth, Suicide Bombers, Deströyer 666, and Sadistik Exekution. In 2006 he formed Terrorust with members of previous bands.

## Biography

Matthew Sanders was born on 19 December 1972. He began learning to play the drums while at school in 1988. In 1989 he formed Damaged, a deathgrind band in Ballarat, with Jarrod Bongiorno, Jamie Ludbrook (on bass guitar and vocals) and Paul Meddick. The group's style was described as "hatecore" by SputnikMusic's reviewer, which is a combination of "death metal, grindcore and hardcore elements". Their debut album, *Do Not Spit* (1993), was described by MetalBite webzine as "based upon hatred and speed. Speed is everything to these guys, speedy guitars, speedy vocals and fucking uncontrollably hyper-based speed drumming. Matt is too fast".

Sanders provided session drumming for black, death, thrash metal band, Deströyer 666's early release, *Violence is the Prince of this World* (1994). In May 1995 he joined Sadistik Exekution, a Sydney-based death metal group, and toured Europe as their drummer. In June 1996 he provided backing vocals on Blood Duster's album, *Yeest*. During 1996 and 1997 Sanders was a drummer for Abramelin, Melbourne-based death metal band. Sanders has played with many other Australian heavy metal bands including Noir Macabre, Atomizer (guitar), Walk the Earth, Suicide Bombers, Meatpond, Funerary Pit, and Hellspawn. In March 2007 he was acknowledged by *Rave Magazine* as "Australia’s premier metal skinsman".

After Damaged disbanded in 2004 Sanders and Ludbrook worked with ex-Superheist guitarist, DW Norton. They formed Walk the Earth, which issued an EP, *Rampant Calamities*, in 2005. Sanders and Ludbrook then formed Terrorust in 2006 as an extreme metal band. They were joined by Dave Byrne on bass guitar and Daniel "Fanza" O'Grady on guitar. Their debut album, *Post Mortal Archives*, was released mid-year and was described by The Metal Forge's Simon Milburn as "littered with bizarre, sinister soundscapes" and is "intense, vicious, diverse, insane and deadly". By 2009 Terrorust had disbanded. Sanders and O'Grady had formed Insidious Torture in late 2008 with Storma on vocals.

In June 2012 Sanders backed Kriss Hades (bandmate from Sadistik Exekution) in a performance reviewed by Brian Griffin for *Loud Mag*, which featured "\[Sanders\] in full corpse paint ... \[with\] a shrieking wall of sound guided by \[his\] precision drumming".

In 2012 he joined King Parrot, replacing founding member Matt Rizzo. He toured extensively with them in Australia and internationally, until he left the band in June 2014, at the end of their Australian tour with British grindcore band, Carcass.

In 2024, he substituted as drummer for New Zealand speed metal band Stälker during their co-headline Australian tour with American blackened speed metal band Midnight.

## InfoBox

| Matt Sanders | |
| --- | --- |
| Also known as | Skitz, Blassfemuur |
| Born | (1972-12-19) 19 December 1972 |
| Origin | Ballarat, Victoria, Australia |
| Genres | Grindcore, death metal, black metal |
| Occupation | Musician |
| Instrument(s) | Drums, voice |
| Years active | 1989–present |
|  | |
| Website | myspace.com/mattskitz |


title: Geometric tomography

abstract: Geometric tomography is a mathematical field that focuses on problems of reconstructing homogeneous objects from tomographic data. More precisely, according to R.J. Gardner, "Geometric tomography deals with the retrieval of information about a geometric object from data concerning its projections (shadows) on planes or cross-sections by planes."

text:
# Geometric tomography

**Geometric tomography** is a mathematical field that focuses on problems of reconstructing homogeneous (often convex) objects from tomographic data (this might be X-rays, projections, sections, brightness functions, or covariograms). More precisely, according to R.J. Gardner (who introduced the term), "Geometric tomography deals with the retrieval of information about a geometric object from data concerning its projections (shadows) on planes or cross-sections by planes."

## Theory

A key theorem in this area states that any convex body in $E^{n}$ can be determined by parallel, coplanar X-rays in a set of four directions whose slopes have a transcendental cross ratio.

## Examples


title: 1954 West German presidential election

abstract: An indirect presidential election was held in West Germany on 17 July 1954. The government parties and the opposition SPD renominated incumbent Theodor Heuss. Against his wishes, the Communist Party of Germany nominated Alfred Weber. Heuss was reelected on the first ballot with about 85% of the vote.

text:
# 1954 West German presidential election

An indirect presidential election (officially the 2nd Federal Convention) was held in West Germany on 17 July 1954. The government parties and the opposition SPD renominated incumbent Theodor Heuss. Against his wishes, the Communist Party of Germany nominated Alfred Weber. Heuss was reelected on the first ballot with about 85% of the vote.

## Composition of the Federal Convention

The president is elected by the Federal Convention consisting of all the members of the Bundestag and an equal number of delegates representing the states. These are divided proportionally by population to each state, and each state's delegation is divided among the political parties represented in its parliament so as to reflect the partisan proportions in the parliament.

| By party | | By state | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Members | State | Members |
| CDU/CSU | 431 | Bundestag | 509 |
| SPD | 347 | Baden-Württemberg | 68 |
| FDP | 112 | Bavaria | 91 |
| DP | 15 | Berlin | 22 |
| BP | 15 | Bremen | 6 |
|  | 12 | Hamburg | 17 |
| KPD | 10 | Hesse | 44 |
| Hamburg-Block | 9 | Lower Saxony | 65 |
| SSW | 1 | North Rhine-Westphalia | 141 |
| DRP | 1 | Rhineland-Palatinate | 32 |
| Independents | 4 | Schleswig-Holstein | 23 |
| **Total** | **1018** | **Total** | **1018** |

Source: *Eine Dokumentation aus Anlass der Wahl des Bundespräsidenten am 18. März 2012*

## Results

| Candidate | Parties | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Theodor Heuss | CDU/CSU, SPD, FDP, DP | 871 | 85.6 |
| Alfred Weber | KPD | 12 | 1.2 |
| Others1 |  | 6 | 0.6 |
| Abstentions | | 95 | 9.3 |
| Invalid votes | | 3 | 0.3 |
| Not cast | | 31 | 3.0 |
| **Total** | | **1,018** | **100** |
| Source: Bundestag | | | |

Note:1. In addition to the two formally nominated candidates President of the Reich Karl Dönitz, Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia, Marie Elisabeth Lüders, Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover, Franz-Josef Wuermeling, and Chancellor Konrad Adenauer received one vote each.

## InfoBox

1954 West German presidential election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nominee **Theodor Heuss** Alfred Weber   Party FDP KPD  Electoral vote **871** 12 | |
| ---  **President before election**
Theodor Heuss
FDP **Elected President**
Theodor Heuss
FDP | |


title: Tupković Donji

abstract: Tupković Donji is a village in the municipality of Živinice, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

text:
# Tupković Donji

**Tupković Donji** is a village in the municipality of Živinice, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was 561.

Ethnicity in 2013
| Ethnicity | Number | Percentage |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Bosniaks | 555 | 98.8% |
| Serbs | 5 | 0.9% |
| other/undeclared | 1 | 0.2% |
| **Total** | **561** | **100%** |

## InfoBox

| Tupković Donji | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Tupković Donji | |
| Coordinates: 44°24′48″N 18°46′49″E / 44.4134°N 18.7803°E / 44.4134; 18.7803 | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Entity | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Canton | Tuzla |
| Municipality | Živinice |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.72 sq mi (7.05 km2) |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 561 |
| Density | 210/sq mi (80/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |