title: Women in East Timor

abstract: The East Timorese people mixed racially with Melanesian and Malay genetically. Most of the East Timorese population are Roman Catholic. East Timorese women usually have between 6 and 7 children on average, and based on a UN study, it was found that among those women that were between ages 20 to 24 almost more than half of them had at least one child, and of those, 60 percent had their first child before they were 19. A lot of the East Timorese women were teen mothers and dropped out of high school due to the responsibilities and pressure from having a child. In 2010 the government finally made a new policy that will focus on getting and keeping young mothers in school. This started with a sex education class and a whole transformation of the junior high school curriculum. There are many rules women in East Timor follow for precaution to not be victims of sexual abuse such as: not being able to show their bare arms, wear low cut tops, short skirts or bikinis. Timorese women were also not allowed to go outside their living area alone, and if they were single they could not be seen alone with a man that is not related to them. The East Timorese women also are expected to be stay at home mothers and can not inherit or own their property. Apart from these customary concepts, East Timorese women also confront domestic violence. Rape cases and sexual slavery were allegedly committed by East Timorese pro-integration militias during the September 1999 crisis in East Timor. One of the organizations that promote empowerment and foster gender equality for the women of East Timor is the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM). In 2010, a law was passed making domestic violence a public crime, but the practice remained prevalent nevertheless. In a 2009–10 Demographic and Health Survey, 36% of married women reported having experienced physical, psychological or sexual violence from their husband or partner, but only 24% reported discussing this with anyone and only 4% reported seeking help from the police. According to the same survey, 71% of men believe that the wife's neglecting children justifies the husband's beating her, while 72% of women believe that a husband is justified in beating his wife if she goes out without informing him. According to activists in non-governmental organizations such as Asisténsia Legál ba Feto no Labarik, domestic violence is severely under-reported and the punishments are not deterrent: in one case, a man who "stabbed his wife in the back of the head and struck her repeatedly with a block of wood, after an argument about feeding their children" only received a suspended jail sentence of seven months.

text:
# Women in East Timor

The **East Timorese** people mixed racially with Melanesian and Malay genetically. Most of the East Timorese population are Roman Catholic.

East Timorese women usually have between 6 and 7 children on average, and based on a UN study, it was found that among those women that were between ages 20 to 24 almost more than half of them had at least one child, and of those, 60 percent had their first child before they were 19. A lot of the East Timorese women were teen mothers and dropped out of high school due to the responsibilities and pressure from having a child. In 2010 the government finally made a new policy that will focus on getting and keeping young mothers in school. This started with a sex education class and a whole transformation of the junior high school curriculum.

There are many rules women in East Timor follow for precaution to not be victims of sexual abuse such as: not being able to show their bare arms, wear low cut tops, short skirts or bikinis. Timorese women were also not allowed to go outside their living area alone, and if they were single they could not be seen alone with a man that is not related to them. The East Timorese women also are expected to be stay at home mothers and can not inherit or own their property.

Apart from these customary concepts, East Timorese women also confront domestic violence. Rape cases and sexual slavery were allegedly committed by East Timorese pro-integration militias during the September 1999 crisis in East Timor. One of the organizations that promote empowerment and foster gender equality for the women of East Timor is the United Nations Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM). In 2010, a law was passed making domestic violence a public crime, but the practice remained prevalent nevertheless. In a 2009–10 Demographic and Health Survey, 36% of married women reported having experienced physical, psychological or sexual violence from their husband or partner, but only 24% reported discussing this with anyone and only 4% reported seeking help from the police. According to the same survey, 71% of men believe that the wife's neglecting children justifies the husband's beating her, while 72% of women believe that a husband is justified in beating his wife if she goes out without informing him. According to activists in non-governmental organizations such as Asisténsia Legál ba Feto no Labarik, domestic violence is severely under-reported and the punishments are not deterrent: in one case, a man who "stabbed his wife in the back of the head and struck her repeatedly with a block of wood, after an argument about feeding their children" only received a suspended jail sentence of seven months.

## Sex trafficking

Citizen and foreign women and girls have been victims of sex trafficking in East Timor. They are raped and physically and psychologically harmed in brothels, hotels, homes, and other locations throughout the country.

## Politics

Women are active in East Timorese politics.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

Women in East Timor
| A pair of East Timorese women performing a traditional dance. | |
| --- | --- |
| General Statistics | |
| Maternal mortality (per 100,000) | 300 |
| Women in parliament | 38.5% (2012) |
| Women in labour force | 38.4% (2011) |
| Gender Inequality Index | |
| Value | 0.378 (2021) |
| Rank | 89th out of 191 |
| Global Gender Gap Index | |
| Value | 0.730 (2022) |
| Rank | 56th out of 146 |


title: List of Kappa Delta Chi chapters

text:
# List of Kappa Delta Chi chapters

Kappa Delta Chi is an intercollegiate Latina sorority founded at Texas Tech University in 1987. The sorority has collegiate, graduate, and alumni chapters.

## Collegiate chapters

In the following list of collegiate chapters, active chapters are indicated in **bold** and inactive chapters are in *italics*.

| Chapter | Chartered date and range | Institution | Location | Status | References |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Alpha** | April 6, 1987 | Texas Tech University | Lubbock, Texas | Active |  |
| **Beta** | 1991 | Texas A&M University | College Station, Texas | Active |  |
| **Gamma** | 1991 | University of Texas at El Paso | El Paso, Texas | Active |  |
| **Delta** | November 9, 1991 | University of Arizona | Tucson, Arizona | Active |  |
| **Epsilon** | September 6, 1992 | University of Texas at Arlington | Arlington, Texas | Active |  |
| *Zeta* | November 15, 1992 – 20xx ? | Sam Houston State University | Huntsville, Texas | Inactive |  |
| *Eta* | 1993 – xxxx ? | West Texas A&M University | Canyon, Texas | Inactive |  |
| **Theta** | December 15, 1993 | University of Houston | Houston, Texas | Active |  |
| **Iota** | April 16, 1994 – xxxx ?; 20xx ? | New Mexico State University | Las Cruces, New Mexico | Active |  |
| **Kappa** | 1994 | Northern Arizona University | Flagstaff, Arizona | Active |  |
| **Lambda** | December 4, 1994 | Arizona State University | Tempe, Arizona | Active |  |
| *Mu* | 1995 – 20xx ? | Eastern New Mexico University | Portales, New Mexico | Inactive |  |
| *Nu* | 1995 – 20xx ? | Tarleton State University | Stephenville, Texas | Inactive |  |
| *Xi* | 1998 ? – 20xx ? | Prairie View A&M University | Prairie View, Texas | Inactive |  |
| **Omicron** | October 4, 1998 | Texas State University | San Marcos, Texas | Active |  |
| **Pi** | 1998 | University of Texas at Austin | Austin, Texas | Active |  |
| **Rho** | March 27, 1999 | Washington State University | Pullman, Washington | Active |  |
| **Sigma** | February 7, 1999 | University of Oklahoma | Norman, Oklahoma | Active |  |
| *Tau* | December 1999 – 20xx ? | University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee | Milwaukee, Wisconsin | Inactive |  |
| **Upsilon** | December 2, 2001 | Southern Methodist University | Dallas, Texas | Active |  |
| **Phi** | 2000 | Stephen F. Austin State University | Nacogdoches, Texas | Active |  |
| **Chi** | May 7, 2000 | University of Texas at San Antonio | San Antonio, Texas | Active |  |
| **Psi** | May 7, 2000 | Saint Mary's University | San Antonio, Texas | Active |  |
| Omega |  |  |  | Memorial |  |
| **Alpha Alpha** | September 24, 2000 – 20xx ?; December 5, 2015 | Wichita State University | Wichita, Kansas | Active |  |
| **Alpha Beta** | 2002 – 20xx ? | University of Texas Rio Grande Valley | Edinburg, Texas | Active |  |
| **Alpha Gamma** | March 30, 2003 | California State University, Dominguez Hills | Carson, California | Active |  |
| **Alpha Delta** | December 20, 2003 | Texas A&M University–Kingsville | Kingsville, Texas | Active |  |
| **Alpha Epsilon** | April 1, 2004 | Baylor University | Waco, Texas | Active |  |
| **Alpha Zeta** | 2004 | University of Nevada, Las Vegas | Paradise, Nevada | Active |  |
| **Alpha Eta** | December 19, 2004 | University of Nevada, Reno | Reno, Nevada | Active |  |
| **Alpha Theta** | 2004 – 20xx ? | University of Houston–Downtown | Houston, Texas | Active |  |
| *Alpha Iota* | 2005–20xx ? | Texas A&M International University | Laredo, Texas | Inactive |  |
| **Alpha Kappa** | November 12, 2005 | University of Wisconsin–Madison | Madison, Wisconsin | Active |  |
| **Alpha Lambda** | December 4, 2005 | Eastern Washington University | Cheney, Washington | Active |  |
| *Alpha Mu* | 2005 – 20xx ? | Texas Southern University | Houston, Texas | Inactive |  |
| **Alpha Nu** | 2006 | Midwestern State University | Wichita Falls, Texas | Active |  |
| **Alpha Xi** | November 17, 2006 | Texas A&M University–Commerce | Commerce, Texas | Active |  |
| **Alpha Omicron** | May 27, 2007 | University of New Mexico | Albuquerque, New Mexico | Active |  |
| **Alpha Pi** | September 30, 2007 | University of Washington | Seattle, Washington | Active |  |
| *Alpha Rho* | April 27, 2008 – 20xx ? | Lamar University | Beaumont, Texas | Inactive |  |
| **Alpha Sigma** | 2009 | Florida State University | Tallahassee, Florida | Active |  |
| **Alpha Tau** | 2010 | Southwestern University | Georgetown, Texas | Active |  |
| **Alpha Upsilon** | October 23, 2010 | University of North Texas | Denton, Texas | Active |  |
| **Alpha Phi** | March 19, 2011 | California State University, Monterey Bay | Monterey County, California | Active |  |
| **Alpha Chi** | April 9, 2011 | University of Utah | Salt Lake City, Utah | Active |  |
| **Alpha Psi** | March 3, 2012 | Oregon State University | Corvallis, Oregon | Active |  |
| **Alpha Omega** | June 22, 2012 | Southern Illinois University Carbondale | Carbondale, Illinois | Active |  |
| *Beta Alpha* | 2011 – 20xx ? | University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign | Champaign and Urbana, Illinois | Inactive |  |
| **Beta Beta** | 2013 | Clarkson University | Potsdam, New York | Active |  |
| **Beta Gamma** | March 30, 2012 | Our Lady of the Lake University | San Antonio, Texas | Active |  |
| **Beta Delta** | 2012 | Western Oregon University | Monmouth, Oregon | Active |  |
| **Beta Epsilon** | April 12, 2013 | Michigan State University | East Lansing, Michigan | Active |  |
| **Beta Zeta** | 2013 | University of Texas at Dallas | Richardson, Texas | Active |  |
| **Beta Eta** | June 20, 2014 | Colorado State University | Fort Collins, Colorado | Active |  |
| *Beta Theta* | 2013 – 20xx ? | Northeastern Illinois University | Chicago, Illinois | Inactive |  |
| **Beta Iota** | July 10, 2015 | Oklahoma State University–Stillwater | Stillwater, Oklahoma | Active |  |
| **Beta Kappa** | 2014 ? – 20xx ? | University of Central Oklahoma | Edmond, Oklahoma | Active |  |
| **Beta Lambda** | June 10, 2016 | University of California, Merced | Merced, California | Active |  |
| **Beta Mu** | March 20, 2015 | Portland State University | Portland, Oregon | Active |  |
| **Beta Nu** | 2016 | Emporia State University | Emporia, Kansas | Active |  |
| **Beta Xi** | 2017 | University of South Carolina | Columbia, South Carolina | Active |  |
| **Beta Omicron** | November 28, 2015 | Northwestern University | Evanston, Illinois | Active |  |
| **Beta Pi** | 2015 | University of North Texas at Dallas | Dallas, Texas | Active |  |
| *Beta Rho* | 2017 – 20xx ? | California State University, Los Angeles | Los Angeles, California | Inactive |  |
| **Beta Sigma** | 2017 | Heritage University | Toppenish, Washington | Active |  |
| **Beta Tau** | July 14, 2017 | California State University, San Bernardino | San Bernardino, California | Active |  |
| **Beta Upsilon** | October 15, 2016 | Northern Illinois University | DeKalb, Illinois | Active |  |
| *Beta Phi* | November 25, 2016 – 20xx ? | Auburn University | Auburn, Alabama | Inactive |  |
| **Beta Chi** | 2017 | University of Idaho | Moscow, Idaho | Active |  |
| **Beta Psi** | 2017 | University of West Florida | Pensacola, Florida | Active |  |
| **Beta Omega** | 2017 | University of Southern California | Los Angeles, California | Active |  |
| **Gamma Alpha** | 2017 ? – 202x ? | Texas A&M University–Corpus Christi | Corpus Christi, Texas | Active |  |
| **Gamma Beta** | December 8, 2017 | California State University, Sacramento | Sacramento, California | Active |  |
| **Gamma Gamma** | December 8, 2017 | Western Michigan University | Kalamazoo, Michigan | Active |  |
| **Gamma Delta** | April 21, 2018 | Kansas State University | Manhattan, Kansas | Active |  |
| **Gamma Epsilon** | April 21, 2018 | University of Northern Colorado | Greeley, Colorado | Active |  |
| **Gamma Zeta** | December 1, 2018 | University of Nebraska–Lincoln | Lincoln, Nebraska | Active |  |
| **Gamma Eta** | 2022 – 202x ? | University of Kansas | Lawrence, Kansas | Active ? |  |
| **Gamma Theta** | 2023 | Texas Christian University | Fort Worth, Texas | Active |  |
| **Emeralds of CU Boulder** | 2023 | University of Colorado Boulder | Boulder, Colorado | Active |  |
| **Delta Alpha Graduate Chapter** | August 1, 2011 |  | Lubbock, Texas | Active |  |
|  |  | University of the Incarnate Word | San Antonio, Texas | Colony |  |
|  |  | Florida International University | Miami, Florida | Colony |  |

## Graduate chapters

In the following list of graduate chapters, active chapters are indicated in **bold** and inactive chapters are in *italics*.

| Chapter | Chartered/Range | Location | Status | References |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Delta Alpha Graduate Chapter** | August 1, 2011 | Lubbock, Texas | Active |  |

## Alumnae chapters

KDChi has a National Alumnae Association with alumnae chapters and regions coast to coast. In the following list of chapters, active chapters are indicated in **bold** and inactive chapters are in *italics*.

| Chapter | Chartered/Range | Location | Status | References |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Alamo Alumnae Chapter** |  | San Antonio, Texas | Active |  |
| **Albuquerque Alumnae Chapter** |  | Albuquerque, New Mexico | Active |  |
| *Arlington Alumnae Chapter* |  | Arlington, Texas | Inactive |  |
| **Austin Alumnae Chapter** |  | Austin, Texas | Active |  |
| *Big Apple Alumnae Chapter* |  | New York City, New York | Inactive |  |
| **Bryan Alumnae Chapter** |  | Bryan, Texas | Active |  |
| **Central Florida Alumnae Chapter** |  | Orlando, Florida | Active |  |
| **Chicago Alumnae Chapter** |  | Chicago, Illinois | Active |  |
| *Coastal Bend Alumnae Chapter* |  | Kingsville, Texas | Inactive |  |
| **Dallas Alumnae Chapter** |  | Dallas, Texas | Active |  |
| **DC Metro Alumnae Chapter** | 2005 | Washington, D.C. | Active |  |
| **Eastern Nebraska Alumnae Chapter** |  | Lincoln, Nebraska | Active |  |
| **Fort Worth Alumnae Chapter** |  | Fort Worth, Texas | Active |  |
| **Houston Alumnae Chapter** | 2010 | Houston, Texas | Active |  |
| *Laredo Alumnae Chapter* |  | Laredo, Texas | Inactive |  |
| *Lubbock Alumnae Chapter* |  | Lubbock, Texas | Inactive |  |
| *Northern Florida Alumnae Chapter* | July 15, 2013 – 202x ? | Tallahassee, Florida | Inactive |  |
| *Madison Alumnae Chapter* |  | Madison, Wisconsin | Inactive |  |
| *New England Alumnae Chapter* |  | Boston, Massachusetts | Inactive |  |
| **NYC Alumnae Chapter** |  | New York City, New York | Active |  |
| **Oklahoma City Alumnae Chapter** | July 2016 | Oklahoma City, Oklahoma | Active |  |
| *Phoenix Metro Alumnae Chapter* |  | Phoenix, Arizona | Inactive |  |
| **Reno Alumnae Chapter** |  | Reno, Nevada | Active |  |
| *Rio Grande Valley Alumnae Chapter* |  | McAllen, Texas | Inactive |  |
| *Salem Alumna Chapter* |  | Salem, Oregon | Inactive |  |
| *Seattle Alumnae Chapter* |  | Seattle, Washington | Inactive |  |
| **Southern Arizona Alumnae Chapter** |  | Tucson, Arizona | Active |  |
| **Southern California Alumnae Chapter** |  | Los Angeles, California | Active |  |
| *Southern Nevada Alumnae Chapter* |  | Las Vegas, Nevada | Inactive |  |
| **Sun City Alumnae Chapter** |  | El Paso, Texas | Active |  |
| *Tri-Cities Alumnae Chapter* |  | Tri-Cities, Washington | Inactive |  |
| **Wichita Alumnae Chapter** |  | Wichita, Kansas | Active |  |
| *Wisconsin Alumnae Chapter* |  | Milwaukee, Wisconsin | Inactive |  |

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2. William Raimond Baird; Carroll Lurding (eds.). "Almanac of Fraternities and Sororities (Baird's Manual Online Archive)". *Student Life and Culture Archives*. University of Illinois: University of Illinois Archives. Retrieved 7 June 2023. The main archive URL is The Baird's Manual Online Archive homepage.
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14. "About". *utsa*. Retrieved 2023-06-07.
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22. "About Us". *tamuckdchi*. Retrieved 2023-06-07.
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34. "Kappa Delta Chi, Inc". *Oklahoma State University*. Retrieved 2023-06-07.
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36. "Our History". *Beta Mu*. Retrieved 2023-06-07.
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title: Marutharode

abstract: Marutharode is a census town, gram panchayat and suburb of Palakkad city in the Palakkad district, state of Kerala, India. It is one of Panchayat which is supposed to be part of proposed Palakkad Municipal Corporation.

text:
# Marutharode

**Marutharode** (also spelled **Marutharoad**) is a census town, gram panchayat and suburb of Palakkad city in the Palakkad district, state of Kerala, India. It is one of Panchayat which is supposed to be part of proposed Palakkad Municipal Corporation.

## Demographics

As of 2011 Census, Marutharode had a population of 24,963 with 12,304 males and 12,659 females. Marutharode census town has an area of 9.52 km2 (3.68 sq mi) with 6,040 families residing in it. 9% of the population was under 6 years of age. Marutharode had an average literacy of 89.67% higher than the national average of 74.04% and lower than state average of 94.00%; male literacy was 93.72% and female literacy was 85.78%.

## InfoBox

| Marutharode Marutharoad | |
| --- | --- |
| Suburb | |
| FOB Pirivusala, Marutharode | |
| MarutharodeLocation in Kerala, India | |
| Coordinates: 10°46′25″N 76°41′50″E / 10.7737°N 76.6973°E / 10.7737; 76.6973 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Palakkad |
| Government | |
| Type | Panchayati Raj (India) |
| Body | Marutharode Panchayat |
| Area | |
| Total | 19.68 km2 (7.60 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 34,627 |
| Density | 1,800/km2 (4,600/sq mi) |
| Languages | |
| Official | Malayalam, English |
| Minority | Tamil |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 678007 |
| Vehicle registration | KL-09 |
| Parliament constituency | Palakkad |
| Assembly constituency | Malampuzha |


title: Tucumán Lawn Tennis Club

abstract: Tucumán Lawn Tennis Club is a sports club located in the city San Miguel de Tucumán in the Tucumán Province of Argentina. Founded in 1915 as a tennis club, Tucumán LTC is now mostly known for its rugby union team, registered with the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and currently playing in the Torneo del Noroeste tournament. Apart from tennis and rugby, the hosts other activities such as athletics, field hockey, futsal, gymnastics, paddle tennis, squash, and swimming.

text:
# Tucumán Lawn Tennis Club

**Tucumán Lawn Tennis Club** is a sports club located in the city San Miguel de Tucumán in the Tucumán Province of Argentina. Founded in 1915 as a tennis club, Tucumán LTC is now mostly known for its rugby union team, registered with the Unión de Rugby de Tucumán and currently playing in the Torneo del Noroeste tournament.

Apart from tennis and rugby, the hosts other activities such as athletics, field hockey, futsal, gymnastics, paddle tennis, squash, and swimming.

## History

Tucumán Lawn Tennis Club was founded in San Miguel de Tucumán on 14 April 1915, as a multi-sports club, by English expatriates and young locals. The first sports played at the club were lawn tennis and cricket.

Originally located near Tucumán's Savoy Hotel, the club moved to the Parque 9 de Julio, in 1930. In 1987, 10 more hectares were purchased nearby and most installations, except for the clubhouse, were moved there.

Rugby first appeared at the club in 1961 and is now the sport for which the club is mostly known. in 1973 the club would go on to win its first provincial title.

## Titles

## InfoBox

Tucumán Lawn Tennis
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Tucumán Lawn Tennis Club |
| Union | URT |
| Founded | 14 April 1915 (1915-04-14) |
| Location | San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina |
| Ground(s) | El Salvador |
| President | Rafael Tissera |
| League(s) | Torneo del Noroeste |
| 2014 | 1st |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Official website | |
| www.tucumanlawntennis.org.ar | |


title: Wilhelmine Holmboe-Schenström

abstract: Sara Wilhelmine Holmboe-Schenström, also known by the stage name Wilhelmine L'Hombino was a Norwegian mezzo-soprano concert singer who later sang in opera. She has been described by opera historian Maud Hurum as one of the first women in the country to gain international recognition for her singing, alongside Karen Holmsen and Gina Oselio. After appearing in a concert in Oslo in 1872, she gave recitals in Germany, France, England and Scandinavia. She went on to perform in operas in Sweden and in continental Europe, including a three-year engagement in Italy. After her marriage in 1880, she became a voice teacher in Oslo and Sweden.

text:
# Wilhelmine Holmboe-Schenström

**Sara Wilhelmine Holmboe-Schenström**, also known by the stage name **Wilhelmine L'Hombino** (15 June 1842 – 18 November 1938) was a Norwegian mezzo-soprano concert singer who later sang in opera. She has been described by opera historian Maud Hurum as one of the first women in the country to gain international recognition for her singing, alongside Karen Holmsen and Gina Oselio. After appearing in a concert in Oslo in 1872, she gave recitals in Germany, France, England and Scandinavia. She went on to perform in operas in Sweden and in continental Europe, including a three-year engagement in Italy. After her marriage in 1880, she became a voice teacher in Oslo and Sweden.

## Early life and education

Born on 15 June 1842 in Ålesund, Sara Wilhelmine Holmboe was the daughter of the judge Joakim Gotsche Holmboe (1796–1876) and his wife Anne Johanne née Johansdatter (1801–1887). She was one of the family's nine children. Such was her interest in music that shortly after her confirmation, she began to study in Oslo (then known as Christiania) under the organist Rudolph Magnus Forwald and took piano lessons under Halfdan Kjerulf. She continued her education in Paris, first under François Wartel, then under the mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot.

## Career

Under the guidance and accompaniment of the pianist Erika Nissen, Holmboe first appeared at a concert in Oslo where she sang an aria from Mozart's *Le nozze di Figaro*, receiving enthusiastic acclaim from the audience. After a recital of her own in Halle, Saxony, she went on to give over 50 concerts in Scandinavia and the rest of Europe.

Her parents had intended her to become a concert performer but she persuaded them to cover the cost of her training as an opera singer. As a result, she moved to Paris where she studied under the French tenor Gustave-Hippolyte Roger. She made her operatic debut in Liège in Verdi's *Un ballo in maschera*. She then appeared as Azucena in *Il trovatore*, and as Léonor in Donizetti's *La favorite*. For all three roles, she was complimented by the critics for both her acting and her singing.

Despite some reports that she performed at the Royal Swedish Opera, contemporary accounts state that as she had learnt her roles in French, she was unable to sing there as the director had insisted on performances in Swedish. Instead, she returned to France in 1877 where she spent the winter season with the Royal Opera of Versailles. The following year she moved to Italy where she sang in various cities for the next three years, particularly in Naples and Milan. Her most successful roles were Margaretha in Gounod's *Faust*, Maddalena in Verdi's *Rigoletto*, and in Filippo Marchetti's *Ruy Blas*. She also appeared as Fides in Meyerbeer's *Profeten* and Amneris in Verdi's *Aida*.

In August 1880, she married the Swedish major Rolf Oscar Alexander Schenström, after which she became a music teacher mainly in Sweden and Norway but also in London.

Wilhelmine Holmboe-Schenström died in Oslo on 18 November 1938.

## InfoBox

| Wilhelmine Holmboe-Schenström | |
| --- | --- |
| Wilhelmine Holmboe-Schenström (1884) | |
| Born | Sara Wilhelmine Holmboe
(1842-06-15)15 June 1842
Ålesund, Sweden-Norway |
| Died | 18 November 1938(1938-11-18) (aged 96)
Oslo, Norway |
| Other names | L'Hombino |
| Occupations | * Operatic mezzo-soprano * Voice teacher |


title: Rebecca Langrehr

abstract: Rebecca Langrehr is a German modern pentathlete. She participated at the 2018 World Modern Pentathlon Championships, winning a medal.

text:
# Rebecca Langrehr

**Rebecca Langrehr** (born 4 April 1998) is a German modern pentathlete.

She participated at the 2018 World Modern Pentathlon Championships, winning a medal.

## InfoBox

Rebecca Langrehr
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | German |
| Born | (1998-04-04) 4 April 1998 |
| Sport | |
| Country | Germany |
| Sport | Modern pentathlon |
| Club | TSV Spandau |
| Medal record      Women's modern pentathlon  Representing  Germany  World Championships  2018 Mexico City Mixed relay  2021 Cairo Team  2019 Budapest Team  2021 Cairo Mixed relay  European Games  2023 Kraków-Małopolska Team  European Championships  2023 Kraków Team  2024 Budapest Relay | |


title: Ulitina

abstract: Ulitina is a village in Setomaa Parish, Võru County in southeastern Estonia. Ulitina and its neighbouring villages are notable as part of Estonia that although not an enclave, before 2008 wasn't reachable by road without passing through Russian territory for several hundred metres, through an area known as the Saatse Boot. In 2008 a new Matsuri–Sesniki road was opened, making it possible to reach the area without necessarily passing through the Saatse Boot. This is however a 15–20 km detour if going from Värska.

text:
# Ulitina

**Ulitina**  is a village in Setomaa Parish, Võru County in southeastern Estonia.

Ulitina and its neighbouring villages (Kundruse, Litvina, Pattina, Perdaku, Saabolda, Saatse, Samarina and Sesniki) are notable as part of Estonia that although not an enclave, before 2008 wasn't reachable by road without passing through Russian territory for several hundred metres, through an area known as the Saatse Boot. In 2008 a new MatsuriSesniki road was opened, making it possible to reach the area without necessarily passing through the Saatse Boot. This is however a 15–20 km detour if going from Värska.

## InfoBox

| Ulitina | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Ulitina | |
| Coordinates: 57°52′22″N 27°44′46″E / 57.87278°N 27.74611°E / 57.87278; 27.74611 | |
| Country | Estonia |
| County | Võru County |
| Parish | Setomaa Parish |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: Francisco Elson

abstract: Francisco Marinho Robby Elson is a Dutch former professional basketball player. Elson was the seventh Dutch player to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Elson served as the captain of the Netherlands national basketball team in international basketball, as he led the team in several EuroBasket qualifying rounds. He was the first Dutch player to become NBA champion, with the San Antonio Spurs in 2007.

text:
# Francisco Elson

**Francisco Marinho Robby Elson** (born 28 February 1976) is a Dutch former professional basketball player. Elson was the seventh Dutch player to play in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Elson served as the captain of the Netherlands national basketball team in international basketball, as he led the team in several EuroBasket qualifying rounds. He was the first Dutch player to become NBA champion, with the San Antonio Spurs in 2007.

## Youth and college career

Elson started his career at AMVJ Rotterdam at the age of twelve. After a couple of years playing, he stopped after his older brother Patrick died of a heart attack while playing basketball at the age of 21. His gym teacher at the Maria School asked him to return to the club at the age of sixteen. He played one game in the Eredivisie, the highest level Dutch league, in the 1994–95 season for Rotterdam.

Elson was a member of the Dutch Under-20 National Team. He played two seasons at Kilgore Junior College in Texas before completing his college at the University of California, Berkeley. As a senior, he helped lead the Bears to the NIT Championship.

Elson was inducted into Kilgore College's Hall of Fame in 2016.

## Professional career

Elson was drafted in the second round of the 1999 NBA draft from Cal by the Denver Nuggets, but did not commence play with them until the 2003–04 campaign. He played four years in Spain:

* 1999–2001 with FC Barcelona averaging 3.4 points and 3.9 rebounds in 32 games for his first season and 6.9 points and 4.5 rebounds in 34 games for the second.
* 2001–02 with Pamesa Valencia averaging 4.1 points and 4.4 rebounds in 34 games.
* 2002–03 with Caja San Fernando averaging 9.7 point and 8.2 rebounds in 34 games.

Over his first two seasons with Denver, Elson was mostly a reserve. He averaged 3.6 points and 3.1 rebounds per game. In 2005–06, his third season with the Nuggets, Elson played in 72 games and started in 54 of them. He averaged 21.9 minutes, 4.9 points (on 53.2% shooting) and 4.7 rebounds per game.

Elson gained notoriety during Denver's 2004 playoff series with Minnesota through his physical attempts to contain Kevin Garnett. Elson knocked Garnett into the seats behind the basket with a hard foul early in a game and later in the game was hit in the groin by Garnett. Elson caused controversy when he described Garnett as "gay" for the groin shot. Elson later apologized to the gay and lesbian community for his comments.

In July 2006 Elson signed a 2-year, $6 million contract with the San Antonio Spurs. This was to help provide depth at center by replacing Nazr Mohammed and Rasho Nesterovic. Elson split time at center with Fabricio Oberto, with Elson providing rebounding and defense. Elson won his first NBA Championship in 2007 after the Spurs swept the Cleveland Cavaliers.

On 21 February 2008 Elson was traded by the San Antonio Spurs along with Brent Barry to the Sonics in exchange for Kurt Thomas. He spent most of this season coming off the bench for both the Spurs and the Sonics.

Elson later signed a two-year, $3 million contract with the Bucks to serve as Andrew Bogut's primary backup. 2008-09, his first season with the Bucks, was the last of his NBA career where he started games with any regularity.

On 18 February 2010 Elson was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers along with sharpshooter Jodie Meeks in exchange for Primoz Brezec and Royal Ivey. Elson missed most of the season after hernia surgery, and appeared in only one game with his new team.

On 15 September 2010 Elson signed a guaranteed two-year contract with the Utah Jazz. After his contract expired, he returned to the Netherlands for treatment on his knee.

On 27 January 2012 Elson was signed by the Philadelphia 76ers to provide the team with front-court depth because of injuries at the position. He signed two 10-day contracts, then was not re-signed for a third time after Spencer Hawes returned from injury.

In January 2013, Elson signed with Mahram Tehran of the Iranian Basketball Super League.

On 20 June 2013 Elson's retirement was announced on Dutch websites. He later stated that his retirement was just from international basketball. In March 2014, his retirement became official.

## National team career

Elson played 60 games for the Netherlands men's national basketball team, after making his debut on 5 June 1998 against Hungary.

## Personal life

Elson is fluent in Dutch, Spanish, English, Portuguese. He is of Surinamese descent. His father is half Chinese and half Surinamese. His mother is half Indian and half Surinamese. Elson has a brown belt in karate.

## NBA career statistics

Legend
| GP | Games played | GS | Games started | MPG | Minutes per game |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FG% | Field goal percentage | 3P% | 3-point field goal percentage | FT% | Free throw percentage |
| RPG | Rebounds per game | APG | Assists per game | SPG | Steals per game |
| BPG | Blocks per game | PPG | Points per game | **Bold** | Career high |
|  | Won an NBA championship |  |

### Regular season

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2003–04 | Denver | 62 | 14 | 14.1 | .472 | .000 | .667 | 3.3 | .5 | .6 | .6 | 3.5 |
| 2004–05 | Denver | 67 | 11 | 14.0 | .468 | **.333** | .570 | 3.0 | .5 | .5 | .6 | 3.7 |
| 2005–06 | Denver | **72** | **54** | **21.9** | **.532** | .200 | .662 | 4.7 | .7 | **.8** | .6 | 4.9 |
| 2006–07 | San Antonio | 70 | 41 | 19.0 | .511 | .000 | .775 | **4.8** | **.8** | .4 | **.8** | **5.0** |
| 2007–08 | San Antonio | 41 | 3 | 13.0 | .419 | .000 | .833 | 3.3 | .4 | .2 | .3 | 3.5 |
| 2007–08 | Seattle | 22 | 2 | 12.7 | .341 | .000 | .462 | 3.0 | .4 | .3 | .3 | 3.0 |
| 2008–09 | Milwaukee | 59 | 23 | 16.6 | .491 | .250 | .846 | 3.9 | .5 | .6 | .6 | 3.4 |
| 2009–10 | Milwaukee | 11 | 0 | 5.6 | .308 | .000 | **1.000** | 1.2 | .2 | .1 | .0 | .9 |
| 2009–10 | Philadelphia | 1 | 0 | 4.0 | .500 | .000 | .000 | 1.0 | .0 | .0 | .0 | 2.0 |
| 2010–11 | Utah | 62 | 1 | 9.8 | .478 | .000 | .839 | 1.9 | .5 | .3 | .2 | 2.2 |
| 2011–12 | Philadelphia | 5 | 0 | 3.2 | .333 | .000 | .000 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .2 | .4 |
| Career | | 472 | 149 | 15.3 | .478 | .188 | .700 | 3.5 | .6 | .5 | .5 | 3.7 |

### Playoffs

| Year | Team | GP | GS | MPG | FG% | 3P% | FT% | RPG | APG | SPG | BPG | PPG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2004 | Denver | 4 | 0 | **15.0** | .583 | .000 | .500 | 2.3 | **.5** | .5 | **.3** | **3.8** |
| 2005 | Denver | 1 | 0 | 6.0 | .000 | .000 | .000 | 3.0 | .0 | .0 | .0 | .0 |
| 2006 | Denver | 5 | 2 | **15.0** | **.600** | .000 | .000 | 2.2 | .4 | **.8** | .0 | 1.2 |
| 2007 | San Antonio | **20** | **8** | 11.5 | .591 | .000 | **.700** | **3.1** | .1 | .4 | **.3** | 3.3 |
| Career | | 30 | 10 | 12.4 | .581 | .000 | .682 | 2.8 | .2 | .5 | .2 | 2.9 |

## InfoBox

Francisco Elson
| Elson with the San Antonio Spurs in 2007 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1976-02-28) 28 February 1976
Rotterdam, Netherlands |
| Listed height | 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m) |
| Listed weight | 235 lb (107 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school | Maria Regina Mavo
(Rotterdam, Netherlands) |
| College |  |
| NBA draft | 1999: 2nd round, 41st overall pick |
| Selected by the Denver Nuggets | |
| Playing career | 1994–2013 |
| Position | Center |
| Number | 56, 16, 9, 8 |
| Career history | |
| 1994–1995 | De Schiestreek |
| 1999–2001 | FC Barcelona Regal |
| 2001–2002 | Pamesa Valencia |
| 2002–2003 | Caja San Fernando |
| 20032006 | Denver Nuggets |
| 20062008 | San Antonio Spurs |
| 2008 | Seattle SuperSonics |
| 20082010 | Milwaukee Bucks |
| 2010 | Philadelphia 76ers |
| 2010–2011 | Utah Jazz |
| 2012 | Philadelphia 76ers |
| 2013 | Mahram Tehran |
|  | |
| Career highlights and awards | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Career NBA statistics | |
| Points | 1,726 (3.7 ppg) |
| Rebounds | 1,638 (3.5 rpg) |
| Blocks | 255 (0.5 bpg) |
|  | |
| Stats  at NBA.com | |
| Stats  at Basketball-Reference.com | |


abstract: The women's 50 kg Semi-Contact category at the W.A.K.O. World Championships 2007 in Coimbra was the lightest of the female Light-Contact tournaments falling between bantamweight and featherweight when compared to Full-Contact's weight classes. There were thirteen women from two continents taking part in the competition. Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Semi-Contact rules. As there were too few women for a tournament designed for sixteen, three of the fighters had byes through to the quarter finals. The tournament gold medalist was Hungary's Reka Krempf who beat Great Britain's Sharon Gill in the final on points. Defeated semi-finalists Eugenia Kaskantiri from Greece and Fadeeva Svetlana from Russia took bronze.

text:
# Women's Semi-Contact at WAKO World Championships 2007 Coimbra -50 kg

The women's 50 kg (110 lbs) Semi-Contact category at the W.A.K.O. World Championships 2007 in Coimbra was the lightest of the female Light-Contact tournaments falling between bantamweight and featherweight when compared to Full-Contact's weight classes. There were thirteen women from two continents (Europe and North America) taking part in the competition. Each of the matches was three rounds of two minutes each and were fought under Semi-Contact rules.

As there were too few women for a tournament designed for sixteen, three of the fighters had byes through to the quarter finals. The tournament gold medalist was Hungary's Reka Krempf who beat Great Britain's Sharon Gill in the final on points. Defeated semi-finalists Eugenia Kaskantiri from Greece and Fadeeva Svetlana from Russia took bronze.

## Results

|  | 1st Round | | |  |  | Quarter Finals | | |  |  | Semi Finals | | |  |  | Final | | |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | | |  |  | Reka Krempf | | **D(6:3)** |  |  | | | | |  | | | | |
|  | Sarah-Kim Gagnon | | **D(17:11)** |  |  | Sarah-Kim Gagnon | |  |  | ||
|  | Valentina Barbieri | |  |  |  |  | | |  |  | Reka Krempf | | **D(10:9)** |  | |
|  |  | | |  |  | |  |  | Eugenia Kaskantiri | |  |  ||
|  |  | | |  |  | Eugenia Kaskantiri | | **D(17:7)** |  |  |  | | |  | |
|  | Sabina Kolednik | |  |  |  | Nanouch van Gijsel | |  |  | | || |
|  | Nanouch van Gijsel | | **D(20:19)** |  |  | | | | | | |  | Reka Krempf | | | **D(13:3)** |  |
|  | Sinead Beasley | |  |  |  | | | | |  | |  |  | Sharon Gill | |  |  |
|  | Dana Rueger | | **D(10:7)** |  |  | Dana Rueger | |  |  | | |  |  | | |  |
|  | Sharon Gill | | **D(12:2)** |  |  | Sharon Gill | | **D(18:8)** |  | | ||
|  | Ashley Lima | |  |  |  |  | | |  | | |  | Sharon Gill | | | **D(18:10)** |  |
|  | Hamiyet Seyma Caglayan | | **D(25:15)** |  |  | |  |  | Fadeeva Svetlana | | | |  | |  |
|  | Kathrin Foidl | |  |  |  | Hamiyet Seyma Caglayan | |  |  | | |  | | | | | |
|  |  | | |  |  | Fadeeva Svetlana | | **D(14:4)** |  | | ||

### Key

| Abbreviation | Meaning |
| --- | --- |
| D (3:0) | Decision (Unanimous) |
| D (2:1) | Decision (Split) |
|
| KO | Knockout |
| TKO | Technical Knockout |
| AB | Abandonment (Injury in match) |
| WO | Walkover (No fight) |
| DQ | Disqualification |
|


# List of King George V Playing Fields in Hampshire

| Hampshire | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Location | Formal name | Local name (if any) | National Grid Reference | Dates | | External links |
| | | | | Purchase | Opening | |
| Cosham | King George's Field | King George V Playing Fields | SU657052 |  |  | King George V Playing Fields, Cosham |
| Denmead | King George's Field | Recreation Ground | SU655118 |  |  | Whitely Parish Council Minutes |


title: Veneneia (crater)

abstract: Veneneia is the second-largest impact crater on asteroid 4 Vesta, at 52°S latitude. 395 kilometres (245 mi) in diameter, it is 70% of the equatorial diameter of the asteroid, and one of the largest craters in the Solar System. It is at least 2 billion years old, and possibly as old as 4.2 billion years. However, it is overlain and partially obliterated by the even larger Rheasilvia. It was discovered by the Dawn spacecraft in 2011. It is named after Venēneia, one of the founding vestal virgins. Vesta has a series of troughs in the northern hemisphere concentric to Veneneia. These are believed to be large-scale fractures resulting from the impact. The largest is Saturnalia Fossae, approx. 39 km wide and > 400 km long.

text:
# Veneneia (crater)

Outline of Rheasilvia (top center), with Veneneia (bottom center) underlying it

**Veneneia** /vɛnɪˈnə/ is the second-largest impact crater on asteroid 4 Vesta, at 52°S latitude. 395 kilometres (245 mi) in diameter, it is 70% of the equatorial diameter of the asteroid, and one of the largest craters in the Solar System. It is at least 2 billion years old, and possibly as old as 4.2 billion years. However, it is overlain and partially obliterated by the even larger Rheasilvia. It was discovered by the *Dawn* spacecraft in 2011. It is named after *Venēneia*, one of the founding vestal virgins.

Vesta has a series of troughs in the northern hemisphere concentric to Veneneia. These are believed to be large-scale fractures resulting from the impact. The largest is Saturnalia Fossae, approx. 39 km wide and \> 400 km long.


title: Tsutsui Tokujirō

abstract: Tsutsui Tokujirō (1881-1953) was a Japanese performer born in Osaka, Japan.

text:
# Tsutsui Tokujirō

**Tsutsui Tokujirō** (1881-1953) was a Japanese performer born in Osaka, Japan.

## Career

Tokujirō began his performance career at 19, performing in a *shinpa* troupe led by Fukui Mohei:23 In 1920 he joined a group of actors who were not satisfied with the work of Sawada Shōjirō, the artistic director of Shinkokugeki (New National Theatre).:23 Together they formed a new troupe, which toured the Kansai region, though they also had several shows in Asakusa.:23 As part of the troupe he 'established a solid reputation in *kengeki* swordplay dramas.:21

### Western tour (1930-31)

The Tsutsui Troupe was one of the first groups to bring traditional Japanese performance to the United States and Europe. His troupe performed in twenty-two countries,:3 with attendees including seminal directors such as Bertolt Brecht,:255 Jacques Copeau, Charles Dullin, and Vsevolod Meyerhold.:154, n.192

They had a repertoire of sixteen plays that were based on Kabuki plays 'in a mélange of styles with an emphasis on swordplay to appeal to audiences.':154, n.192 Four of the plays were presented only for Japanese residents in California, and were absent from the rest of the tour.:35 Tsutsui emphasised that he 'wanted to put the Western audience in the presence of the true Japanese theatre, such as the Japanese conceive it'.:135 Contemporary critics, however, questioned this authenticity, noting the number of changes Tsutsui made to traditional Japanese theatre.:136 These included the shortened length of the plays (which had to be under two hours),:33 the use of painted scenery and 'enormous stage settings' in a Western style, 'the troupe's replacement of *onnagata*', roles traditionally played by male transvestites, with actresses. :136

#### Selected performance locations

| Date | City | Country | Theatre | Notes | Reference |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| February 1930 | Los Angeles | United States | Figueroa Theatre | Under the production of Michio Itō | :154 |
| March-April 1930 | New York City | United States | Booth Theatre |  | :344 |
| 2 May-June 1930 | Paris | France | *Théâtre Pigalle* | Attended by Edwin Piscator.:68 | :135 |
| 24 June 1930 | London | England | Globe Theatre |  |  |
| 18-25 August 1930 | Paris | France | Apollo |  | :185 |
| 3-9 October, 1930 | Berlin | Germany | Theater des Westens | Attended by Bertolt Brecht.:41 | :255 |

## InfoBox

| Tsutsui Tokujirō | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1881
Osaka |
| Died | 1953
Kyoto |


title: Wilhelmine Dorothee von der Marwitz

abstract: Wilhelmine Dorothee von der Marwitz was the mistress of Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth from the late 1730s until 1744. In the 1780s, she hosted an influential salon in Vienna.

text:
# Wilhelmine Dorothee von der Marwitz

**Wilhelmine Dorothee von der Marwitz** (April 1718 – 16 January 1787) was the mistress of Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth from the late 1730s until 1744. In the 1780s, she hosted an influential salon in Vienna.

## Life

She was the eldest of the three daughters of the Prussian nobleman Heinrich Karl von der Marwitz (1680–1744), infantry general and governor of Breslau (today Wrocław, Poland) and Albertine Eleonore von Wittenhorst (1693–1721). After her mother's death, she and her sisters were raised by their maternal aunt, Flora von Sonsfeld, the *Hofmeisterin* of Princess Wilhelmine of Prussia. The Princess married the Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth in 1731, and her aunt wanted to bring fourteen-year-old Wilhelmine Dorothee to Bayreuth to finish her education. However, the three girls were heiresses to their father's fortune, and King Frederick William I had forbidden such women to leave the country, confiscating their wealth if they did so. In 1732, to help her *Hofmeisterin,* the Princess gained permission from her father to employ Wilhelmine Dorothee as her reader.

At some point in the 1730s, Wilhelmine's husband, Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth, made her his official favourite. It is considered likely that he abused his position to force Wilhelmine Dorothee into the relationship.

In 1744, her employer, the Margravine, arranged for her to marry an Austrian count, Otto Ludwig Conrad von Burghauß (1713–1795). She left Bayreuth to settle in Austria, ending her position as royal favourite. She lived in Budapest and Trieste with her spouse. In 1780, she moved to Vienna, where she hosted an influential literary salon frequented by Georg Forster, Henry Swinburne, Graf Karl von Zinzendorf and Wenzel Anton von Kaunitz. She supported Josephinist reforms and acted as benefactor of Benjamin Thompson and Johann Hunczowski.

* Karl Graf von Zinzendorf: Wien von Maria Theresia bis zur Franzosenzeit: aus den Tagebüchern des Grafen Karl von Zinzendorf. Wiener Bibliophilen Ges., 1972, S. 167.


title: Rebecca Smith (swimmer)

abstract: Rebecca Smith is a Canadian swimmer. She represented Canada at the 2020 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal in the 4×100 metre freestyle relay, and is a multi-medallist at the World Aquatics Championships, World Swimming Championships, Commonwealth Games, and Pan Pacific Swimming Championships.

text:
# Rebecca Smith (swimmer)

**Rebecca Smith** (born 14 March 2000) is a Canadian swimmer. She represented Canada at the 2020 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal in the 4×100 metre freestyle relay, and is a multi-medallist at the World Aquatics Championships, World Swimming Championships, Commonwealth Games, and Pan Pacific Swimming Championships.

## Career

At the 2017 World Championships in Budapest Smith was part of the bronze medal-winning team in the 4 × 100 m mixed medley. Later in 2017 Smith was also part of the gold medal 4 × 200 m freestyle 2017 World Junior Swimming Championships team in Indianapolis. In the process the team broke the junior world record and championship record.

In September 2017, Smith was named to Canada's 2018 Commonwealth Games team.

In the Autumn of 2019 she was member of the inaugural International Swimming League (ISL) swimming for the Energy Standard International Swim Club, who won the team title in Las Vegas, Nevada, in December. In spring 2020, Smith signed for the newly formed Toronto Titans, the first and only Canadian team in the ISL.

In June 2021, she qualified to represent Canada at the 2020 Summer Olympics. Smith won a silver medal as part of the Canadian team in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay, alongside Kayla Sanchez, Maggie Mac Neil and Penny Oleksiak.

At the 2022 World Aquatics Championships, Smith swam in the heats of the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay. She was replaced by Mac Neil in the event final, but shared in the team's first-ever silver medal win at the World Championships in a relay. She also competed in the heats of the 4 × 200 m freestyle relay for the Canadian team, helping to the event final, where she was replaced by Taylor Ruck. She shared in the team's bronze medal win. Later in the summer, named to Canada's team for the 2022 Commonwealth Games, Smith won a bronze medal in the mixed 4 × 100 m freestyle relay. On the second day of competition, she finished eighth in the 100 m butterfly and won a bronze medal in the 4 × 100 m freestyle relay. Teammates Maggie Mac Neil and Katerine Savard did the same double. Smith said she was "a little disappointed with my swims tonight." Smith swam the freestyle anchor leg in the heats of the 4 × 100 m mixed medley, but was replaced by Ruslan Gaziev in the final. She received a silver medal after the team finished second there.

Smith continued competing domestically during 2023, but did not appear in international competition while focusing on completing her nursing degree at the University of Calgary. While many of Canada's top swimmers opted to skip the 2024 World Aquatics Championships in Doha, Smith was named to the team. She said she viewed Doha has "a really great stepping stone leading into Olympic trials in May. I'm just excited to get in there and race and see where I'm at." On the first day of swimming finals, Smith participated in the 4×100 m freestyle relay, where Canada won a bronze medal. With Maggie Mac Neil absent, she then swam the butterfly leg for Canada in the 4×100 m medley relay, winning another bronze medal.

## InfoBox

Rebecca Smith
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (2000-03-14) 14 March 2000<br>Red Deer, Alberta, Canada |
| Height | 180 cm (5 ft 11 in) |
| Weight | 59 kg (130 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Swimming |
|  | |
| Strokes | Freestyle |
| Club | 2020 Toronto Titans; 2019 Energy Standard |
|  | |
| Medal record      Women's swimming  Representing  Canada   Event 1st 2nd 3rd  Olympic Games 0 1 0  World Championships (LC) 0 1 7  World Championships (SC) 3 3 3  Commonwealth Games 0 2 2  Total 3 7 12   Olympic Games  2020 Tokyo 4×100 m freestyle  World Championships (LC)  2022 Budapest 4×100 m freestyle  2017 Budapest 4×100 m mixed medley  2019 Gwangju 4×100 m freestyle  2019 Gwangju 4×200 m freestyle  2019 Gwangju 4×100 m medley  2022 Budapest 4×200 m freestyle  2024 Doha 4×100 m freestyle  2024 Doha 4×100 m medley  World Championships (SC)   2021 Abu Dhabi  4×100 m freestyle  2021 Abu Dhabi  4×200 m freestyle  2021 Abu Dhabi  4×50 m mixed freestyle  2021 Abu Dhabi 200 m freestyle  2022 Melbourne  200 m freestyle  2022 Melbourne  4×200 m freestyle  2022 Melbourne  4×100 m freestyle  2022 Melbourne  4×100 m medley  2022 Melbourne  4×50 m mixed medley  Pan Pacific Championships  2018 Tokyo  4×100 m freestyle  2018 Tokyo  4×200 m freestyle  Commonwealth Games  2018 Gold Coast 4×200 m freestyle  2022 Birmingham 4×100 m mixed medley  2022 Birmingham 4×100 m mixed freestyle  2022 Birmingham 4×100 m freestyle  World Junior Championships  2017 Indianapolis  4×200 m freestyle  2015 Singapore  4×200 m freestyle  2015 Singapore  4×100 m freestyle  Junior Pan Pacific Championships  2016 Maui  50 m freestyle  2016 Maui  100 m freestyle  2016 Maui  100 m butterfly  2016 Maui  4×100 m freestyle  2016 Maui  4×100 m medley | |


title: Red Dirt Road

abstract: Red Dirt Road is the eighth studio album by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn, released in 2003 on Arista Nashville. Certified platinum for sales of one million copies in the U.S., the album produced three top ten singles: "Red Dirt Road", "You Can't Take the Honky-Tonk out of the Girl" (#3) and "That's What She Gets for Lovin' Me" (#6). It is considered a concept album.

text:
# Red Dirt Road

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *Rolling Stone* |  |

***Red Dirt Road*** is the eighth studio album by American country music duo Brooks & Dunn, released in 2003 on Arista Nashville. Certified platinum for sales of one million copies in the U.S., the album produced three top ten singles: "Red Dirt Road" (#1 on the Hot Country Songs chart), "You Can't Take the Honky-Tonk out of the Girl" (#3) and "That's What She Gets for Lovin' Me" (#6). It is considered a concept album.

## Background

"I knew we were going to call this album *Red Dirt Road* before the first song was even picked," said Ronnie Dunn. "I wanted that thread, that growing up in rural America and all the universal touchstones we all go throughthat first beer, wrecking my first car two weeks after I got it, being taken to a revival by my cousins who lived a few miles farther down that road. That road ran through every major event in my young life… and who would think a kid growing up like that, going to Bible college, would end up here? But that's the power of life and roots and dreamsit can."

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "You Can't Take the Honky Tonk Out of the Girl" | Bob DiPiero, Bart Allmand | 3:41 |
| 2. | "Caroline" | Ronnie Dunn, Charlie Crowe | 3:49 |
| 3. | "When We Were Kings" | Kix Brooks, Gary Nicholson | 4:12 |
| 4. | "That's What She Gets for Loving Me" | Dunn, Terry McBride | 2:56 |
| 5. | "Red Dirt Road" | Brooks, Dunn | 4:20 |
| 6. | "Feels Good Don't It" | Dunn, McBride | 2:44 |
| 7. | "I Used to Know This Song by Heart" | Jerry Lynn Williams | 4:27 |
| 8. | "Believer" | Dunn, Craig Wiseman | 3:46 |
| 9. | "Memory Town" | Brooks, Rafe Van Hoy | 4:04 |
| 10. | "She Was Born to Run" | Dunn, McBride, Kenny Beard | 3:41 |
| 11. | "Til My Dyin' Day" | Brooks, Paul Nelson | 3:03 |
| 12. | "My Baby's Everything I Love" | Brooks, Dunn, Don Cook | 3:39 |
| 13. | "Good Day to Be Me" | Brooks, DiPiero | 3:39 |
| 14. | "Good Cowboy" | Nile Rodgers, Jimmie Vaughan | 4:23 |
| 15. | "Holy War" | Dunn | 5:09 |
| 16. | "hidden track" |  |  |

## Personnel

As listed in liner notes.

### Brooks & Dunn

* Kix Brooks – lead vocals, background vocals
* Ronnie Dunn – lead vocals, background vocals, tambourine

### Additional musicians

Horns performed by Jeff Coffin, Jim Horn, Samuel Levine, and Steve Patrick, and arranged by Jim Horn.

## Chart performance

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Canada (Music Canada) | Gold | 50,000^ |
| United States (RIAA) | Platinum | 1,000,000^ |
| United States (RIAA)
*Video* | Platinum | 100,000^ |
| ^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| Red Dirt Road | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Brooks & Dunn | |
| Released | July 15, 2003 |
| Genre | Country rock |
| Length | 56:59 |
| Label | Arista Nashville |
| Producer | Kix Brooks
Ronnie Dunn
Mark Wright |
| Brooks & Dunn chronology | |
| *It Won't Be Christmas Without You*
(2002) ***Red Dirt Road***
(2003) *The Greatest Hits Collection II*
(2004) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Red Dirt Road* | |
| 1. "Red Dirt Road"
Released: April 21, 2003 2. "You Can't Take the Honky Tonk Out of the Girl"
Released: September 15, 2003 3. "That's What She Gets for Loving Me"
Released: February 9, 2004 | |
|  | |


abstract: Manchester Diocesan Council for Education v Commercial and General Investments Ltd [1969] 3 All ER 1593 is a case in English contract law relating to agreement. The court held that the method of acceptance prescribed for a tender, if not expressed "in terms insisting that only acceptance in that mode shall be binding", was not mandatory, and if an offeror wishes it to be mandatory this needs to be made explicit. This case shows a type of acceptance whereby the method of communication of acceptance is prescribed.

text:
# Manchester Diocesan Council for Education v Commercial and General Investments Ltd

**Manchester Diocesan Council for Education v Commercial and General Investments Ltd** \[1969\] 3 All ER 1593 is a case in English contract law relating to agreement. The court held that the method of acceptance prescribed for a tender, if not expressed "in terms insisting that only acceptance in that mode shall be binding", was not mandatory, and if an offeror wishes it to be mandatory this needs to be made explicit.

This case shows a type of acceptance whereby the method of communication of acceptance is prescribed.


title: USS Randall

abstract: USS Randall (APA-224) was a Haskell-class attack transport in service with the United States Navy from 1944 to 1956. She was sold for scrap in 1972.

text:
# USS Randall

**USS *Randall* (APA-224)** was a *Haskell*-class attack transport in service with the United States Navy from 1944 to 1956. She was sold for scrap in 1972.

## Construction

*Randall* was of the VC2-S-AP5 Victory ship design type and named after Randall County, Texas. She was laid down 15 September 1944, under a Maritime Commission (MARCOM) contract, MCV Hull 572, by Permanente Metals Corporation, Yard No. 2, Richmond, California; launched 15 November 1944; sponsored by Mrs. Donald D. Dick; and acquired by the Navy and commissioned 16 December 1944.

## Service history

Following shakedown and training off the California coast, *Randall* left for Pearl Harbor on 9 February 1945, from San Diego. She then sailed to the Volcano Islands, via Eniwetok. She arrived at Iwo Jima on 25 March, unloaded US Army personnel and supplies, and embarked Marines for transportation to Guam. The ship returned to Pearl Harbor 20 April, where she loaded drummed petroleum products for Kwajalein and took on Navy and Marine personnel for return to the US. Arriving in San Francisco on 18 June, she proceeded to Ulithi 9 July, embarking Army units, and then continued to Okinawa, arriving 12 August.

Comedian Soupy Sales served on *Randall* during the war and entertained his shipmates with zany vignettes featuring White Fang, the meanest dog that ever lived.

## Post-war – Operation Magic Carpet

With the end of World War II, *Randall* was assigned to occupation duty and on 5 September, got underway for Korea with units of the 7th Army Division. Returning to Okinawa, she carried Marines to Taku, 26–30 September, then, after a run to the Philippines, sailed again for the China coast. Between 22 October and 23 November, she ferried Chinese troops from Kowloon to Chinwangtao and Qingdao and on 29 November, departed the Far East on her first "Magic Carpet" run carrying US Army Air Corps units from Okinawa to Seattle.

Detached from "Magic Carpet" duty in August 1946, *Randall* was employed in the US Pacific Fleet's amphibious training program from September until December, when she returned to the east coast, underwent overhaul, and was briefly immobilized at New York. She then steamed to Norfolk, Virginia, arriving 24 April 1947. Assigned again to amphibious training duties, she operated along the southeastern seaboard until August 1948, when she steamed north for operations off eastern Canada. In September she resumed exercises off the Virginia and Carolina coasts.

In February 1949, she again departed the eastern seaboard this time for Caribbean operations, and during the fall steamed back into the Pacific for exercises as far west as Hawaii, returning to Norfolk and resuming training operations with Naval Reservists and Marines, 1 December.

From 1952, until her decommissioning, the ship sailed from Hampton Roads and Naval Amphibious Base Little Creek often berthing at NOB Pier 2. Between 1952 and 1955, she made numerous trips to the Caribbean for training purposes and a six-month training cruise to the Mediterranean. She had a total of three Captains – Nicholas Frank, Henry Sturr and Christopher Brackstone, all Naval Academy graduates. In 1954, she received the "E" award for her class. In 1955, *Randall* was used in the filming of *Away All Boats* as the fictitious USS *Belinda*, with filming primarily around Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands, and Vieques Island, Puerto Rico.

## Decommissioning

At the end of 1955, *Randall* was ordered inactivated and on 25 January 1956, she arrived at Orange, Texas, to join the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. Decommissioned 6 April 1956, she remained in reserve at Orange until transferred to the Maritime Administration's (MARAD) National Defense Reserve Fleet, Mobile Group, in February 1960. Her name was struck from the Navy list 1 July 1960.

## Fate

On 28 October 1971, *Randall* was sold to Union Minerals & Alloys Corporation, along with eight other ships, for $467,100, with the condition that they would be scrapped. On 17 January 1972, she was officially withdrawn from the Reserve Fleet.

Citations  1. Kaiser No. 2 2010.
2. Navsource 2014.
3. DANFS 2016.
4. Hinckley 2009.
5. Holmes Alexander (27 April 1955). "Navy Tries to Increase Allure of Enlistment". *Los Angeles Times*.
6. Mooney, James L., editor, *The Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, Volume IV*, Naval History Division, Department of the Navy, Washington, D.C., 1976, Library of Congress card number 60-60198, p. 304.
7. MARAD.

## Bibliography

**Online resources**

## InfoBox

| USS *Randall* (APA-224), circa in 1945 | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | *Randall* |
| Namesake | Randall County, Texas |
| Ordered | as a Type VC2-S-AP5 hull, MCE hull 572 |
| Builder | Permanente Metals Corporation, Richmond, California |
| Yard number | 572 |
| Laid down | 15 September 1944 |
| Launched | 15 November 1944 |
| Sponsored by | Mrs. Donald D. Dick |
| Commissioned | 12 December 1944 |
| Decommissioned | 6 April 1956 |
| Stricken | 1 July 1960 |
| Identification |  |
| Fate |  |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | *Haskell*-class attack transport |
| Type | Type VC2-S-AP5 |
| Displacement | * 6,873 long tons (6,983 ) (light load) * 14,837 long tons (15,075 t) (full load) |
| Length | 455 ft (139 m) |
| Beam | 62 ft (19 m) |
| Draft | 24 ft (7.3 m) |
| Installed power |  |
| Propulsion |  |
| Speed | 17.7 kn (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) |
| Boats & landing
craft carried |  |
| Capacity | * 2,900 long tons (2,900 t) DWT * 150,000 cu ft (4,200 m3) (non-refrigerated) |
| Troops | 87 officers, 1,475 enlisted |
| Complement | 56 officers, 480 enlisted |
| Armament |  |
| Service record | |
| Part of: | **TransRon 23** |
| Awards: |  |


title: Francisco Elizalde

abstract: Francisco José Elizalde is a Filipino sports official. He was a member of the International Olympic Committee representing the Philippines. He was elected by the committee in 1985, filling a post left vacant with the death of Jorge B. Vargas in 1980. He was a member of the Executive board in the 2005 Southeast Asian Games Organizing Committee.

text:
# Francisco Elizalde

**Francisco José Elizalde** (born October 10, 1932) is a Filipino sports official. He was a member of the International Olympic Committee representing the Philippines. He was elected by the committee in 1985, filling a post left vacant with the death of Jorge B. Vargas in 1980. He was a member of the Executive board in the 2005 Southeast Asian Games Organizing Committee.

## Early life and education

Elizalde was born in San Sebastian, Philippines on October 10, 1932. He entered the Staunton Military Academy in the United States in his eight grade and graduated from the academy in 1950. He attended Harvard University from 1950 to 1954. He was the manager of the university's swimming varsity team in his last two years with Harvard.

## Career

### Business

Elizalde is the Chairman of Elro Commercial and Industrial Corporation; Vice-President and Director of Elizalde & Company, Inc. He was also involved with Elizalde International (Phil.) Inc., Elizalde Paint Oil Factory Inc., Elizalde Rope Factory Inc., Elizalde Security Equipment Mfg. Corp., Tanduay Distillery Inc. From 1955 to 1983, he was a Director at Johnson-Pickett Rope Co. Inc. and Mineral Exploration & Development Company. From 1983 to 1986, he was a Director of Bais Tanjay Sugar Planters’ Association.

### Sports administration

#### Philippines

Elizalde has been part of the board of the Philippine Olympic Committee (POC) since 1982 and was chairman of the POC Ethics Committee. He has also led the Philippine Football Federation as its Vice President from 1980 to 1981 and its President from 1982 to 1986. He was also involved in the organization of two editions of the Southeast Asian Games both of which hosted by the Philippines. He was the President of the Football Committee of the 1981 Southeast Asian Games, and was the Executive Board Member of the Organizing Committee for the 2005 edition.

#### International Olympic Committee

Elizalde held posts at the International Olympic Committee. From 1985 to 2012, he was a member of the IOC representing the Philippines and was also the Chairman of the Nominations Commission from 2003 to 2014. He was also a member of various Commission of the IOC.

## InfoBox

| Francisco Elizalde | |
| --- | --- |
| Elizalde in 2018 | |
|  | |
| President of the Philippine Football Federation | |
| **In office**
1982–1986 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Francisco José Elizalde e Yturralde
(1932-10-10) October 10, 1932
Philippine Commonwealth |
| Nationality | Filipino |
|  | |


title: Won-G

abstract: Wondge Bruny, best known by his stage name Won-G, is a Haitian-American rapper.

text:
# Won-G

**Wondge Bruny** (born August 29, 1978), best known by his stage name **Won-G**, is a Haitian-American rapper.

## Career

Won-G was born in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, and raised in Brooklyn, New York. He has released several records, including: Do It, Do It (1995), Royal Impression (2000), No Better Than This (2001), Explosion (2002), Rage of the Age (2004), and Haiti Prince (2008). Won-G has released singles "Rich Together feat Rick Ross" (2015), "Racks" (2015), and "I Can’t Sleep at Night" (2014).

His 2001 single "Nothing Wrong" reached No. 26 on the *Billboard* Hot 100 Singles Sales chart. "Put It Inside", featuring Da Brat, reached #15 on the Hot Rap Singles chart.

## Discography

### Albums

| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US 200 | US R&B
 |
| *Do It Do It* |  |  |  |
| *Royal Impression* | * Released: September 26, 2000 * Label: Beyond * Format: CD, LP |  | 64 |
| *No Better Than This* |  |  |  |
| *Explosion* | * Released: April 9, 2002 * Label: Orpheus Records * Format: CD, LP |  |  |
| *Rage of the Age* | * Released: August 24, 2004 * Label: Real Sovage * Format: CD, LP |  | 49 |
| *Haiti Prince* | * Released: 2008 * Label: AGR Television * Format: CD |  |  |
|  | "—" denotes releases that did not chart or receive certification. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Chart positions | | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | U.S. R&B | U.S. Rap | |
| 2000 | "We Got What U Want" |  |  | *Royal Impression* |
| 2001 | "Nothing's Wrong"
(featuring DJ Quik and James DeBarge) | 70 | 2 | *No Better Than This* |
| 2002 | "Put It Inside"
(featuring Da Brat) |  | 15 | *Explosion* |
| 2004 | "Caught Up in the Rapture" |  |  | *Rage of the Age* |
| 2014 | "I Can't Sleep" |  |  | Non-album singles |
| | "Racks" |  |  | |
| 2015 | "Rich Together"
(featuring Rick Ross) |  |  | |
|  | "—" denotes releases that did not chart or receive certification. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

| Won-G | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | Wondge Bruny |
| Also known as | The Haiti Boy |
| Born | (1978-08-29)August 29, 1978
Port-au-Prince, Haiti |
| Origin | Brooklyn, New York, U.S. |
| Genres | Hip hop |
| Occupation | Rapper |
| Years active | 1995-present |


title: List of Macarthur FC head coaches

text:
# List of Macarthur FC head coaches

Macarthur Football Club is an Australian professional association football club based in South West Sydney, Australia. The club was formed in 1439 as Macarthur South West United before it was renamed to Macarthur FC in 2017.

## Managers

* Manager dates and nationalities are sourced from *WorldFootball.net*. Statistics are sourced from *ALeagueStats.com*. Names of caretaker managers are supplied where known, and periods of caretaker management are highlighted in *italics* and marked  or  depending on the scenario. Win percentage is rounded to two decimal places.
* Only first-team competitive matches are counted. Wins, losses and draws are results at the final whistle; the results of penalty shoot-outs are not counted.
* Statistics are complete up to and including the match played on *16 March 2024*.

**Key**

* M = matches played; W = matches won; D = matches drawn; L = matches lost; GF = Goals for; GA = Goals against; Win % = percentage of total matches won
* Managers with this background and symbol in the "Name" column are italicised to denote caretaker appointments.
* Managers with this background and symbol in the "Name" column are italicised to denote caretaker appointments promoted to full-time manager.

List of Macarthur FC managers
| Name | Nationality | From | To | M | W | D | L | GF | GA | Win % | Honours | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ante Milicic | Australia | 15 May 2019 | 8 May 2022 | 56 | 22 | 12 | 22 | 76 | 69 | 039.29 |  |  |
| Dwight Yorke | Trinidad and Tobago | 15 May 2022 | 21 January 2023 | 19 | 10 | 3 | 6 | 37 | 19 | 052.63 | Australia Cup winners: 2022 |  |
| Mile Sterjovski | Australia | 23 January 2023 | Present | 44 | 18 | 10 | 16 | 85 | 60 | 040.91 |  |  |

**General**

* "Macarthur FC :: All Managers". *Ultimate A-League*. Retrieved 28 May 2021.

**Specific**

1. "Macarthur FC – Manager History". *WorldFootball.net*.
2. "Macarthur FC: Coaching history". aleaguestats.com. Retrieved 22 August 2021.


title: Martick's Restaurant Francais

abstract: Martick's Restaurant Francais is a defunct restaurant and historic building in Downtown Baltimore, Maryland. The 2,860 square-foot Federal style building was built no later than 1852. After serving a variety of uses over the decades, the structure opened as a French restaurant on July 9, 1970. Over its decades as a bar and restaurant, Martick's was known as an artists' refuge, "a tiny isle of Bohemia set in a conservative city." So steeped in the particular culture of its city in the 20th century, the restaurant was referred to as "the Natty Boh of French dining in Baltimore." The building is located within the city's Bromo Arts District, and is within the Market Center district listed in the National Register of Historic Places, as well as the locally designated Howard Street Commercial Historic District. While not itself a designated landmark, Martick's was one of the historic structures used to justify the Howard Street district when it was proposed in 2018. Writing in the context of the demolition of many of its neighboring buildings, a 2018 Baltimore Commission for Historical and Architectural Preservation (CHAP) report described Martick's as "the only remaining vestige of the historic appearance of the street."

text:
# Martick's Restaurant Francais

**Martick's Restaurant Francais** (previously known as **Martick's Lower Tyson Street Tavern**) is a defunct restaurant and historic building in Downtown Baltimore, Maryland. The 2,860 square-foot Federal style building was built no later than 1852. After serving a variety of uses over the decades, the structure opened as a French restaurant on July 9, 1970. Over its decades as a bar and restaurant, Martick's was known as an artists' refuge, "a tiny isle of Bohemia set in a conservative city." So steeped in the particular culture of its city in the 20th century, the restaurant was referred to as "the Natty Boh of French dining in Baltimore."

The building is located within the city's Bromo Arts District, and is within the Market Center district listed in the National Register of Historic Places, as well as the locally designated Howard Street Commercial Historic District. While not itself a designated landmark, Martick's was one of the historic structures used to justify the Howard Street district when it was proposed in 2018. Writing in the context of the demolition of many of its neighboring buildings (both in the 20th and 21st centuries), a 2018 Baltimore Commission for Historical and Architectural Preservation (CHAP) report described Martick's as "the only remaining vestige of the historic appearance of the street."

## Early history

The rowhouse at 214 West Mulberry Street was built between the 1830s and 1850s. Converted to a storefront around the turn of the 20th century, Yiddish-speaking Polish Jewish immigrants Harry and Florence Martick purchased the building as a grocery store in 1917. During Prohibition, the Marticks ran a clandestine speakeasy out of the store. Their son, Morris Martick, would later report that they kept bootleg gin and whiskey under the floorboards of the bathroom. Harry was imprisoned for a year for violations of the Volstead Act.

After the repeal of Prohibition in 1933, the Marticks applied for and received a liquor license. They used this to convert the grocery into a corner bar, known to some patrons as the **Mahogany Tavern**.

## Martick's Lower Tyson Street Tavern

In the late 1940s, taking ownership over from his parents, Morris Martick renamed the bar **Martick's Tyson Street Tavern** or **Martick's Lower Tyson Street Tavern**. He expanded beyond the traditional scope of a corner bar by bringing in such events as silent movie nights, chess tournaments and live jazz bands. Martick opened a nearby art gallery (Salon Des Refuses) down the street at 108 West Mulberry Street. The gallery served the art of many of his patrons who could not be accepted in more mainstream galleries. He eventually began allowing artists to feature their art in the bar itself, a rarity at the time, and the first in the city to do so. Shows at Martick's eventually brought critical attention to fledgling artists like Joan Erbe.

By the 1950s, Martick's was viewed as "Baltimore's intellectual meeting place" and one of "the roots of Baltimore bohemian culture." Leonard Bernstein, on visits to the city, was known to play the bar's piano. Billie Holiday, in the final years of her life, visited Martick's and sang with the house jazz band. Not associated simply with jazz performers, even Hank Williams was documented as having played at Martick's during this era.

The bar was open to gays, at a time when this was still uncommon in the city (and country). As early as the 1950s, the bar was known as an important gathering place for "not only gay men and women but other members of what is now called the LGBTQ+ community, including bisexuals, crossdressers and people undergoing sex change operations by Johns Hopkins Hospital physician John Money." Martick's is also cited as "one of the first integrated bars in Baltimore," existing as such even while *de jure* segregation was still in effect in the city. In later years, Martick would state in interviews that the tavern had not in fact been integrated while Jim Crow was still on the books, but this is contradicted by other late statements of his about that time, that he "served anyone who came in \[and\] didn't worry about their race." A former employee summarized the ethos of Martick's in the 1950s and 1960s as one where "you weren’t defined by your sexuality or your skin tone."

The bar also drew a clientele of diverse professions, from newspaper and radio men (Russell Baker, J. Anthony Lukas, Louis Rukeyser, Harley Brinsfield) to local and national artists (Joan Erbe, May Wilson, Raoul Middleman). Future film director John Waters frequented the area before he was of legal drinking age, loitering in the alley and depending on regulars to sneak him drinks. Waters, who visited with his friend, the future drag icon Divine, found Martick's a formative location for the group of artists that would eventually become known as the Dreamlanders. It was at Martick's that Waters met Pat Moran, with whom he would collaborate on all of his feature films. It was also where Waters first met actor and projectionist George Figgs. Maelcum Soul, yet another early Waters collaborator, was a Martick's bartender, and also the subject of an art show there in 1965, featuring 25 portraits of her in the nude.

Meanwhile, the neighborhood around Martick's continued to evolve: originally part of a block of rowhouses, by 1950 the building at 214 West Mulberry Street was the last building of this type left on the block. In the mid-1960s, Martick closed the Tavern, stating in an interview that he "didn't care for the drunks and the bums" in the changing neighborhood. Despite the Tavern's prestige among the arts community, Martick would reflect back on it in a 1981 interview as merely "a crummy bar... I mean a crummy one."

## Martick's Restaurant Francais

Following the closure of the bar, Morris Martick traveled to the Normandy region of France to seek training in French cuisine. Opening July 9, 1970, after two years of renovation, the new **Martick's Restaurant Francais** boasted of being the first French restaurant in Baltimore.

Initially, the restaurant attempted to affect the trappings of a traditional French restaurant, with waiters in tuxedos, a maitre'd and an authentically French chef from Paris. However, in short order, the chef was gone and Morris Martick himself took the reins in the kitchen. Taking on the bohemian character of the bar which had previously inhabited it, as well as the proprietor, Martick's restaurant was noted for its eclectic decor - snakeskin wallpaper, stained glass, hubcaps, bowling balls and plastic baby dolls hanging from wires. This decor was entirely the work of Morris Martick. John Waters, now old enough to drink, remained a frequent patron. For this and other reasons, it gained a reputation as "one of Baltimore's quirkier restaurants."

Over the years Martick and his restaurant became famous for a few dishes, particularly the pâté, profiteroles, bouillabaisse.

Due to a car crash, as well as security concerns, the storefront window and entrance were boarded up at some point in the 1970s. As the neighborhood continued to decline, the building was among those listed in city ordinances in June 1998 and May 1999 that permitted the city to take ownership of as part of an urban renewal scheme. Under a pact with the Maryland Historical Trust, then-Mayor Martin O'Malley arranged to protect many of those buildings, including Martick's.

## Closure and legacy

Martick closed the restaurant in August or September 2008. At the time, he was receiving citations from Baltimore Housing inspections regarding flaking paint and lack of zoning permits. Martick continued to live in the building until his death on December 16, 2011. The building then passed into the hands of his family.

Even after its closure, Martick's has remained a frequent mention as one of Baltimore's "iconic eateries of yesteryear", and one of its "traditional destinations." Particularly after Morris Martick's passing in 2011, a number of articles described the building and restaurant as "a hub of city artistic life," and "utterly unlike anywhere else."

## Failed revivals

In December 2012, it was reported that the property was to be redeveloped as an imitation speakeasy-style bar, following a popular trend at the time. The plan for the new establishment, to be called **Martick's**, was partially spearheaded by Alex Martick, Morris Martick's brother. Initially predicted to open in February 2013, later this was pushed to August. Plans for the revival evidently were abandoned by December 2013 though, as the owners of the license transferred it to another club in nearby Harlem Park. In 2014, revival again seemed imminent, as the city's liquor board approved a new liquor license, to feature live entertainment.

Despite the buzz of the previous year, the building was subject to a Vacant Building Notice as of 2015. In the same year, Baltimore architecture firm Murphy Dittenhafer proposed a large-scale redevelopment of the entire block in a plan which would have worked around the existing building at 214 West Mulberry, and in fact depicted it in their concept renderings of the larger project. In that case, the building was not part of their RFP submission since, unlike the rest of the block, the city did not own it.

In April 2018, the building was sold to developer Jabber Five who announced yet another plan to revive it as an "eclectic, artsy eatery." The developers had initially planned to demolish the building, but changed their mind after being informed of the building's historic heritage. Jabber Five's new plan was to have a restaurant downstairs, with an artist live-work space above. These plans too fell through, and the building was sold in December 2018 to Park Avenue Partners.

## Planned redevelopment and demolition

In December 2018, Park Avenue Partners, LLC proposed to build a six-story mixed-use apartment and retail building with 115 units at the site of the former Martick's. The developers framed their plan as part of a rejuvenation of the historic Baltimore Chinatown, with a stated intention of encouraging Asian restaurateurs and entrepreneurs to occupy the space. The developer claims they attempted to integrate the historic building into the development plan, but ultimately requested approval to demolish it. The adjacent 1950s-era parking deck was approved for demolition and had already been removed in 2018. The interior of the building had been described as "gutted" by its previous owners in April 2018. The developers argued that the structure at 214 West Mulberry was too degraded at this point, suffering from water damage, crumbling masonry and mold.

At the January 18, 2019 hearing of the city's CHAP, the staff recommendation was made that the Martick's building be determined to contribute to the historic Howard Street Commercial District. They based its historical significance upon three criteria: the building's significant contributions to the "commercial history of Baltimore's historic retail core," the building's "association with Morris Martick" himself, and the building's significant "architecture as an example of a modest early-19th century side gable Federal style building that was later modernized with Italianate details." The CHAP staff made the recommendation that the developer attempt to incorporate "all or a portion of the building" into any new development plans.

At the February 12, 2019 hearing of CHAP, the developer again applied for demolition, arguing "retaining and rehabilitating the historic building will create a financial hardship." The developer submitted six scenarios to CHAP, from full rehabilitation of the structure to its complete razing, and attempted to make the case that retention of the building would not be economically feasible. They argued a restoration of the building would cost 1.1 million dollars. The proposal touched off what the Baltimore Sun described as a "spontaneous revolt" among attendees to the hearing. Community activists, as well as the director of Baltimore Heritage argued for a postponement of approval at a minimum, citing questions about how the financial feasibility had been calculated by the developer. The Baltimore Development Corporation, the Downtown Partnership of Baltimore and the Market Center Merchants Association submitted written support for the demolition. The demolition also has the support of the president of the Baltimore City Council. Despite these endorsements, CHAP staff recommended a finding that the developer did not adequately demonstrate that retaining all or some portion of the building would be a significant financial hardship, and recommended disapproval of the request for the full demolition of the building. The CHAP committee postponed a final decision for a later hearing a month later.

The Park Avenue Partners development group returned in early March with a proposal to restore and retain the front third of the Martick's building, in exchange for permission to tear down the remainder. The revised proposal followed consultation with CHAP representatives and others who favored preservation. At the March 12, 2019 meeting of CHAP, the committee voted 9–0 to approve this compromise plan, which retains the older portion of the structure, while tearing down the later (although still 19th century) construction in rear. The developer stated that carrying out this modified plan would be contingent on raising approximately $300,000 in additional funds, which they planned to explore raising with a non-profit partner. While the consent from the committee was unanimous, it was opposed by the Mount Vernon Belvedere Association and members of the community, who presented a petition asking the entire building to be retained. Johns Hopkins, head of Baltimore Heritage, supported the arrangement, seeing the retained portion as the "core" of the former restaurant and "the best shot we have at saving Martick’s."

## InfoBox

| Martick's Restaurant Francais | |
| --- | --- |
| Martick's Restaurant Francais, prior to closure | |
|  | |
| Location within Baltimore | |
| Restaurant information | |
| Established | 1970 (1970) |
| Closed | 2008 (2008) |
| Previous owner(s) | Morris Martick |
| Chef | Morris Martick |
| Food type | French cuisine |
| Street address | 214 West Mulberry St |
| City | Baltimore |
| State | Maryland |
| Coordinates | 39°17′38.75″N 76°37′08.10″W / 39.2940972°N 76.6189167°W / 39.2940972; -76.6189167 |


title: Tsutsui clan

abstract: Tsutsui clan is a Japanese clan originating during the Sengoku period of Japan. Throughout the time of the 16th century, the Tsutsui clan would mainly control the Yamato Province, due to the efforts of the feudal lord (daimyō) Tsutsui Junkei. The Tsutsui soon on became a retainer family under that of the Oda clan, resulting in a minor rise within their power. After Junkei had been killed during a certain battle against Oda Nobuo, the power of the Tsutsui fell away to a high extent. The Tsutsui families past is unknown past this point. The Tsutsui are most well known for a samurai under their service named Shima Sakon, though he later became a rōnin.

text:
# Tsutsui clan

**Tsutsui clan** is a Japanese clan originating during the Sengoku period (16th century) of Japan. Throughout the time of the 16th century, the Tsutsui clan would mainly control the Yamato Province, due to the efforts of the feudal lord (*daimyō*) Tsutsui Junkei. The Tsutsui soon on became a retainer family under that of the Oda clan, resulting in a minor rise within their power. After Junkei had been killed during a certain battle against Oda Nobuo, the power of the Tsutsui fell away to a high extent. The Tsutsui families past is unknown past this point.

The Tsutsui are most well known for a samurai under their service named Shima Sakon, though he later became a *rōnin*.

## Heads and members of the clan

*The Samurai Sourcebook*

## InfoBox

| Tsutsui clan | |
| --- | --- |
| The emblem (*mon*) of the Tsutsui clan | |
| Home province | Yamato |
| Parent house | Fujiwara clan |
| Founding year | 16th century |


title: Will Streets

abstract: John William Streets, better known as Will Streets, was an English soldier and poet of the First World War. Streets was born in Whitwell, Derbyshire, the son of William and Clara Streets, and was the eldest of twelve children. Although academically and artistically gifted, he began work as a miner at the age of fourteen, continuing to educate himself in his spare time. In August 1914, Streets joined the Sheffield City Battalion. In late 1915 and early 1916 he served in Egypt. The battalion was subsequently transferred to the Western Front. Streets, by this time a sergeant, was wounded on the first day of the Battle of the Somme, and subsequently went missing. His body was eventually recovered exactly ten months later, on 1 May 1917, and he is buried at Euston Road Cemetery, Colincamps, France. His poems were posthumously published in the same year under the title The Undying Splendour.

text:
# Will Streets

**John William Streets** (24 March 1886 – 1 July 1916), better known as **Will Streets**, was an English soldier and poet of the First World War.

Streets was born in Whitwell, Derbyshire, the son of William and Clara Streets, and was the eldest of twelve children. Although academically and artistically gifted, he began work as a miner at the age of fourteen, continuing to educate himself in his spare time.

In August 1914, Streets joined the Sheffield City Battalion (Sheffield Pals). In late 1915 and early 1916 he served in Egypt. The battalion was subsequently transferred to the Western Front. Streets, by this time a sergeant, was wounded on the first day of the Battle of the Somme, and subsequently went missing. His body was eventually recovered exactly ten months later, on 1 May 1917, and he is buried at Euston Road Cemetery, Colincamps, France. His poems were posthumously published in the same year under the title *The Undying Splendour*.

## InfoBox

| Will Streets | |
| --- | --- |
| Picture of Streets from *For remembrance, soldier poets who have fallen in the war* | |
| Born | John William Streets
(1886-03-24)24 March 1886
Whitwell, Derbyshire, England |
| Died | 1 July 1916(1916-07-01) (aged 30)
Somme, France |
| Cause of death | Killed in action |
| Occupation(s) | Soldier, poet |


title: Rebecca Snyder (sport shooter)

abstract: Rebecca Nicole "Beki" Snyder is a Canadian-born American sport shooter. She is a four-time Olympian, and won a silver medal for pistol shooting at the 1999 Pan American Games in Winnipeg, Manitoba. She was also a resident athlete at the U.S. Olympic Training Center in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

text:
# Rebecca Snyder (sport shooter)

**Rebecca Nicole "Beki" Snyder** (born July 15, 1976) is a Canadian-born American sport shooter. She is a four-time Olympian, and won a silver medal for pistol shooting at the 1999 Pan American Games in Winnipeg, Manitoba. She was also a resident athlete at the U.S. Olympic Training Center in Colorado Springs, Colorado.

## Shooting career

Snyder—a native of Grand Junction, Colorado—began rifle shooting with her brother and father as a family sport, until she began using a more compact pistol when she was 14 years old. She later became a resident athlete at the U.S. Olympic Training Center (USOC) in Colorado Springs, and eventually attended the University of Colorado, where she pursued her business degree.

Since moving to Colorado as a member of USOC, Snyder had competed in numerous shooting tournaments, and achieved five gold medals in both air and sport pistol at the USA Shooting National Championships. Between 1999 and 2000, Snyder reached her breakthrough in shooting, when she captured two gold medals for the 10 m air pistol, and bronze for the 25 m sport pistol at the ISSF World Cup series in Atlanta, Georgia, and in Sydney, Australia, respectively. She also competed for all pistol shooting events at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, and 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, but she neither reached the final round, nor claimed an Olympic medal.

Twelve years after competing in her first Olympics, Snyder qualified for her fourth U.S. shooting team as a 32-year-old, at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. She achieved this by placing second in the air and sport pistol from the U.S. Olympic Team Trials in Fort Benning, Georgia. She placed forty-first out of forty-four shooters in the women's 10 m air pistol by one point behind Albania's Lindita Kodra, with a total score of 370 targets. Three days later, she competed for her second event, 25 m pistol, where she was able to shoot 287 targets in the precision stage, and 288 in the rapid fire, for a total score of 575 points, finishing only in twenty-eighth place.

## Olympic results

| Event | 1996 | 2000 | 2004 | 2008 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 25 metre pistol |  | 10th
580 | 21st
574 | 28th
575 |
| 10 metre air pistol | 30th
372 | 25th
376 | 16th
380 | 41st
370 |

## InfoBox

Rebecca Snyder
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Rebecca Nicole Snyder |
| Nickname | *Beki* |
| Nationality | United States |
| Born | (1976-07-15) July 15, 1976
Didsbury, Alberta, Canada |
| Height | 1.57 m (5 ft 2 in) |
| Weight | 77 kg (170 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Shooting |
| Event(s) | 10 m air pistol (AP40)
25 m pistol (SP) |
| Coached by | Sergey Luzov |
| Medal record      Women's shooting  Representing the  United States  Pan American Games  1999 Winnipeg  AP40 | |