# List of members of the United States House of Representatives in the 115th Congress by seniority

This is a complete list of members of the United States House of Representatives during the 115th United States Congress, which ran from January 3, 2017, through January 3, 2019, ordered by seniority.

## Seniority list

| Rank | Representative | Party | District | Seniority date | Previous service | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | John Conyers | D | Michigan 13 | January 3, 1965 |  | Dean of the House
Ranking Member: Judiciary
Resigned on December 5, 2017. |
| 2 | Don Young | R | Alaska at-large | | March 6, 1973 | Dean of the House from December 5, 2017 |
| 3 | Jim Sensenbrenner | R | Wisconsin 5 | | January 3, 1979 |  |
| 4 | Hal Rogers | R | Kentucky 5 | | January 3, 1981 |
| 5 | Chris Smith | R | | | New Jersey 4 |
| 6 | Steny Hoyer | D | Maryland 5 | | May 19, 1981 | Minority Whip |
| 7 | Marcy Kaptur | D | Ohio 9 | | January 3, 1983 |  |
| 8 | Sander Levin | D | | | Michigan 9 |
| 9 | Joe Barton | R | Texas 6 | | January 3, 1985 |
| 10 | Pete Visclosky | D | | | Indiana 1 |
| 11 | Peter DeFazio | D | Oregon 4 | | January 3, 1987 | Ranking Member: Transportation and Infrastructure |
| 12 | John Lewis | D | | | Georgia 5 |  |
| 13 | Louise Slaughter | D | | | New York 25 | Ranking Member: Rules
Died on March 16, 2018. |
| 14 | Lamar Smith | R | | | Texas 21 | Chair: Science, Space and Technology |
| 15 | Fred Upton | R | | | Michigan 6 |  |
| 16 | Nancy Pelosi | D | California 12 | | June 2, 1987 | Minority Leader |
| 17 | Jimmy Duncan | R | Tennessee 2 | | November 8, 1988 |  |
| 18 | Frank Pallone | D | | | New Jersey 6 | Ranking Member: Energy and Commerce |
| 19 | Eliot Engel | D | New York 16 | | January 3, 1989 | Ranking Member: Foreign Affairs |
| 20 | Nita Lowey | D | | | New York 17 | Ranking Member: Appropriations |
| 21 | Richard Neal | D | | | Massachusetts 1 | Ranking Member: Ways and Means |
| 22 | Dana Rohrabacher | R | | | California 48 |  |
| 23 | Ileana Ros-Lehtinen | R | | | Florida 27 | August 29, 1989 |
| 24 | José E. Serrano | D | | | New York 15 | March 20, 1990 |
| 25 | David Price | D | | North Carolina 4 | January 3, 1997 | 1987–1995 |
| 26 | Rosa DeLauro | D | | Connecticut 3 | January 3, 1991 |  |
| 27 | Collin Peterson | D | | | Minnesota 7 | Ranking Member: Agriculture |
| 28 | Maxine Waters | D | | | California 43 | Ranking Member: Financial Services |
| 29 | Sam Johnson | R | Texas 3 | | May 8, 1991 |  |
| 30 | Jerry Nadler | D | New York 10 | | November 3, 1992 | Ranking Member: Judiciary from November 26, 2017 (Acting until December 20, 2017) |
| 31 | Jim Cooper | D | Tennessee 5 | January 3, 2003 | 1983–1995 |
| 32 | Xavier Becerra | D | California 34 | January 3, 1993 |  | Resigned on January 24, 2017. |
| 33 | Sanford Bishop | D | | | Georgia 2 |
| 34 | Ken Calvert | R | | | California 42 |
| 35 | Jim Clyburn | D | | | South Carolina 6 | Assistant Minority Leader |
| 36 | Anna Eshoo | D | | | California 18 |  |
| 37 | Bob Goodlatte | R | | | Virginia 6 | Chair: Judiciary |
| 38 | Gene Green | D | | | Texas 29 |  |
| 39 | Luis Gutiérrez | D | | | Illinois 4 |
| 40 | Alcee Hastings | D | | | Florida 20 |
| 41 | Eddie Bernice Johnson | D | | | Texas 30 | Ranking Member: Science, Space and Technology |
| 42 | Peter T. King | R | | | New York 2 |  |
| 43 | Carolyn Maloney | D | | | New York 12 |
| 44 | Lucille Roybal-Allard | D | | | California 40 |
| 45 | Ed Royce | R | | | California 39 | Chair: Foreign Affairs |
| 46 | Bobby Rush | D | | | Illinois 1 |  |
| 47 | Bobby Scott | D | | | Virginia 3 | Ranking Member: Education and the Workforce |
| 48 | Nydia Velázquez | D | | | New York 7 | Ranking Member: Small Business |
| 49 | Bennie Thompson | D | Mississippi 2 | | April 13, 1993 | Ranking Member: Homeland Security |
| 50 | Frank Lucas | R | Oklahoma 3 | | May 10, 1994 |  |
| 51 | Lloyd Doggett | D | Texas 35 | | January 3, 1995 |
| 52 | Mike Doyle | D | | | Pennsylvania 14 |
| 53 | Rodney Frelinghuysen | R | | | New Jersey 11 | Chair: Appropriations |
| 54 | Sheila Jackson Lee | D | | | Texas 18 |  |
| 55 | Walter B. Jones Jr. | R | | | North Carolina 3 |
| 56 | Frank LoBiondo | R | | | New Jersey 2 |
| 57 | Zoe Lofgren | D | | | California 19 |
| 58 | Mac Thornberry | R | | | Texas 13 | Chair: Armed Services |
| 59 | Elijah Cummings | D | Maryland 7 | | April 16, 1996 | Ranking Member: Oversight and Government Reform |
| 60 | Earl Blumenauer | D | Oregon 3 | | May 21, 1996 |  |
| 61 | Robert Aderholt | R | Alabama 4 | | January 3, 1997 |
| 62 | Kevin Brady | R | | | Texas 8 | Chair: Ways and Means |
| 63 | Danny K. Davis | D | | | Illinois 7 |  |
| 64 | Diana DeGette | D | | | Colorado 1 |
| 65 | Kay Granger | R | | | Texas 12 |
| 66 | Ron Kind | D | | | Wisconsin 3 |
| 67 | Jim McGovern | D | | | Massachusetts 2 | Ranking Member: Rules from March 17, 2018 (Acting until April 10, 2018) |
| 68 | Bill Pascrell | D | | | New Jersey 9 |  |
| 69 | Pete Sessions | R | | | Texas 32 | Chair: Rules |
| 70 | Brad Sherman | D | | | California 30 |  |
| 71 | John Shimkus | R | | | Illinois 15 |
| 72 | Adam Smith | D | | | Washington 9 | Ranking Member: Armed Services |
| 73 | Gregory Meeks | D | New York 5 | | February 3, 1998 |  |
| 74 | Barbara Lee | D | California 13 | | April 7, 1998 |
| 75 | Bob Brady | D | Pennsylvania 1 | | May 19, 1998 | Ranking Member: House Administration |
| 76 | Steve Chabot | R | Ohio 1 | January 3, 2011
 | 1995–2009 | Chair: Small Business |
| 77 | Mike Capuano | D | Massachusetts 7 | January 3, 1999 |  |  |
| 78 | Joe Crowley | D | | | New York 14 | Democratic Caucus Chairman |
| 79 | John B. Larson | D | | | Connecticut 1 |  |
| 80 | Grace Napolitano | D | | | California 32 |
| 81 | Paul Ryan | R | | | Wisconsin 1 | Speaker of the House |
| 82 | Jan Schakowsky | D | | | Illinois 9 |  |
| 83 | Mike Simpson | R | | | Idaho 2 |
| 84 | Mike Thompson | D | | | California 5 |
| 85 | Greg Walden | R | | | Oregon 2 | Chair: Energy and Commerce |
| 86 | Lacy Clay | D | Missouri 1 | | January 3, 2001 |  |
| 87 | John Culberson | R | | | Texas 7 |
| 88 | Susan Davis | D | | | California 53 |
| 89 | Sam Graves | R | | | Missouri 6 |
| 90 | Darrell Issa | R | | | California 49 |
| 91 | James Langevin | D | | | Rhode Island 2 |
| 92 | Rick Larsen | D | | | Washington 2 |
| 93 | Betty McCollum | D | | | Minnesota 4 |
| 94 | Adam Schiff | D | | | California 28 | Ranking Member: Intelligence |
| 95 | Pat Tiberi | R | | | Ohio 12 | Resigned on January 15, 2018. |
| 96 | Bill Shuster | R | Pennsylvania 9 | | May 15, 2001 | Chair: Transportation and Infrastructure |
| 97 | Stephen F. Lynch | D | Massachusetts 8 | | October 16, 2001 |  |
| 98 | Joe Wilson | R | South Carolina 2 | | December 18, 2001 |  |
| 99 | Rob Bishop | R | Utah 1 | | January 3, 2003 | Chair: Natural Resources |
| 100 | Marsha Blackburn | R | | | Tennessee 7 |
| 101 | Michael C. Burgess | R | | | Texas 26 |
| 102 | John Carter | R | | | Texas 31 |
| 103 | Tom Cole | R | | | Oklahoma 4 |
| 104 | Mario Díaz-Balart | R | | | Florida 25 |
| 105 | Trent Franks | R | | | Arizona 8 | Resigned on December 8, 2017. |
| 106 | Raúl Grijalva | D | | | Arizona 3 | Ranking Member: Natural Resources |
| 107 | Jeb Hensarling | R | | | Texas 5 | Chair: Financial Services |
| 108 | Steve King | R | | | Iowa 4 |  |
| 109 | Tim Murphy | R | | | Pennsylvania 18 | Resigned on October 21, 2017. |
| 110 | Devin Nunes | R | | | California 22 | Chair: Intelligence |
| 111 | Mike Rogers | R | | | Alabama 3 |  |
| 112 | Dutch Ruppersberger | D | | | Maryland 2 |
| 113 | Tim Ryan | D | | | Ohio 13 |
| 114 | Linda Sánchez | D | | | California 38 |
| 115 | David Scott | D | | | Georgia 13 |
| 116 | Mike Turner | R | | | Ohio 10 |
| 117 | G. K. Butterfield | D | | | North Carolina 1 | July 20, 2004 |
| 118 | Emanuel Cleaver | D | | | Missouri 5 | January 3, 2005 |
| 119 | Mike Conaway | R | | | Texas 11 | Chair: Agriculture |
| 120 | Jim Costa | D | | | California 16 |
| 121 | Henry Cuellar | D | | | Texas 28 |
| 122 | Charlie Dent | R | | | Pennsylvania 15 | Resigned on May 12, 2018. |
| 123 | Jeff Fortenberry | R | | | Nebraska 1 |
| 124 | Virginia Foxx | R | | | North Carolina 5 | Chair: Education and the Workforce |
| 125 | Louie Gohmert | R | | | Texas 1 |  |
| 126 | Al Green | D | | | Texas 9 |
| 127 | Brian Higgins | D | | | New York 26 |
| 128 | Dan Lipinski | D | | | Illinois 3 |
| 129 | Kenny Marchant | R | | | Texas 24 |
| 130 | Michael McCaul | R | | | Texas 10 | Chair: Homeland Security |
| 131 | Patrick McHenry | R | | | North Carolina 10 |  |
| 132 | Cathy McMorris Rodgers | R | | | Washington 5 | Republican Conference Chairwoman |
| 133 | Gwen Moore | D | | | Wisconsin 4 |
| 134 | Ted Poe | R | | | Texas 2 |
| 135 | Tom Price | R | | | Georgia 6 | Resigned on February 10, 2017. |
| 136 | Dave Reichert | R | | | Washington 8 |
| 137 | Debbie Wasserman Schultz | D | | | Florida 23 |
| 138 | Doris Matsui | D | California 6 | | March 8, 2005 |
| 139 | Albio Sires | D | New Jersey 8 | | November 7, 2006 |
| 140 | Steve Pearce | R | New Mexico 2 | January 3, 2011
 | 2003–2009 |
| 141 | Gus Bilirakis | R | Florida 12 | January 3, 2007 |  |
| 142 | Vern Buchanan | R | | | Florida 16 |
| 143 | Kathy Castor | D | | | Florida 14 |
| 144 | Yvette Clarke | D | | | New York 9 |
| 145 | Steve Cohen | D | | | Tennessee 9 |
| 146 | Joe Courtney | D | | | Connecticut 2 |
| 147 | Keith Ellison | D | | | Minnesota 5 |
| 148 | Hank Johnson | D | | | Georgia 4 |
| 149 | Jim Jordan | R | | | Ohio 4 |
| 150 | Doug Lamborn | R | | | Colorado 5 |
| 151 | Dave Loebsack | D | | | Iowa 2 |
| 152 | Kevin McCarthy | R | | | California 23 | Majority Leader |
| 153 | Jerry McNerney | D | | | California 9 |  |
| 154 | Ed Perlmutter | D | | | Colorado 7 |
| 155 | Peter Roskam | R | | | Illinois 6 |
| 156 | John Sarbanes | D | | | Maryland 3 |
| 157 | Adrian Smith | R | | | Nebraska 3 |
| 158 | Tim Walz | D | | | Minnesota 1 |
| 159 | Peter Welch | D | | | Vermont at-large |
| 160 | John Yarmuth | D | | | Kentucky 3 |
| 161 | Niki Tsongas | D | | | Massachusetts 3 | October 16, 2007 |
| 162 | Bob Latta | R | | | Ohio 5 | December 11, 2007 |
| 163 | Rob Wittman | R | | | Virginia 1 |
| 164 | André Carson | D | | | Indiana 7 | March 11, 2008 |
| 165 | Jackie Speier | D | | | California 14 | April 8, 2008 |
| 166 | Steve Scalise | R | Louisiana 1 | | May 3, 2008 | Majority Whip |
| 167 | Marcia Fudge | D | Ohio 11 | | November 18, 2008 |  |
| 168 | Rick Nolan | D | Minnesota 8 | | January 3, 2013 | 1975–1981 |
| 169 | Mark Sanford | R | South Carolina 1 | | May 7, 2013 | 1995–2001 |
| 170 | Jason Chaffetz | R | Utah 3 | January 3, 2009 |  | Chair: Oversight and Government Reform
Resigned on June 30, 2017. |
| 171 | Mike Coffman | R | | | Colorado 6 |
| 172 | Gerry Connolly | D | | | Virginia 11 |
| 173 | Brett Guthrie | R | | | Kentucky 2 |
| 174 | Gregg Harper | R | | | Mississippi 3 |
| 175 | Jim Himes | D | | | Connecticut 4 |
| 176 | Duncan D. Hunter | R | | | California 50 |
| 177 | Lynn Jenkins | R | | | Kansas 2 |
| 178 | Leonard Lance | R | | | New Jersey 7 |
| 179 | Blaine Luetkemeyer | R | | | Missouri 3 |
| 180 | Ben Ray Luján | D | | | New Mexico 3 | Resigned on December 31, 2018. |
| 181 | Tom McClintock | R | | | California 4 |
| 182 | Pete Olson | R | | | Texas 22 |
| 183 | Erik Paulsen | R | | | Minnesota 3 |
| 184 | Chellie Pingree | D | | | Maine 1 |
| 185 | Jared Polis | D | | | Colorado 2 |
| 186 | Bill Posey | R | | | Florida 8 |
| 187 | Phil Roe | R | | | Tennessee 1 |
| 188 | Tom Rooney | R | | | Florida 17 |
| 189 | Kurt Schrader | D | | | Oregon 5 |
| 190 | Glenn Thompson | R | | | Pennsylvania 5 |
| 191 | Paul Tonko | D | | | New York 20 |
| 192 | Mike Quigley | D | Illinois 5 | | April 7, 2009 |
| 193 | Judy Chu | D | California 27 | | July 14, 2009 |
| 194 | John Garamendi | D | California 3 | | November 3, 2009 |
| 195 | Ted Deutch | D | Florida 21 | | April 13, 2010 | Ranking Member: Ethics |
| 196 | Tom Graves | R | Georgia 14 | | June 8, 2010 |  |
| 197 | Tom Reed | R | New York 23 | | November 2, 2010 |
| 198 | Tim Walberg | R | Michigan 7 | | January 3, 2011 | 2007–2009 |
| 199 | Bill Foster | D | Illinois 11 | | January 3, 2013 | 2008–2011 |
| 200 | Justin Amash | R | Michigan 3 | | January 3, 2011 |  |
| 201 | Lou Barletta | R | | | Pennsylvania 11 |
| 202 | Karen Bass | D | | | California 37 |
| 203 | Diane Black | R | | | Tennessee 6 | Chair: Budget Until January 11, 2018 (Acting until February 16, 2017) |
| 204 | Mo Brooks | R | | | Alabama 5 |
| 205 | Larry Bucshon | R | | | Indiana 8 |
| 206 | David Cicilline | D | | | Rhode Island 1 |
| 207 | Rick Crawford | R | | | Arkansas 1 |
| 208 | Jeff Denham | R | | | California 10 |
| 209 | Scott DesJarlais | R | | | Tennessee 4 |
| 210 | Sean Duffy | R | | | Wisconsin 7 |
| 211 | Jeff Duncan | R | | | South Carolina 3 |
| 212 | Blake Farenthold | R | | | Texas 27 | Resigned on April 6, 2018. |
| 213 | Chuck Fleischmann | R | | | Tennessee 3 |
| 214 | Bill Flores | R | | | Texas 17 |
| 215 | Bob Gibbs | R | | | Ohio 7 |
| 216 | Paul Gosar | R | | | Arizona 4 |
| 217 | Trey Gowdy | R | | | South Carolina 4 | Chair: Oversight and Government Reform From June 13, 2017 |
| 218 | Morgan Griffith | R | | | Virginia 9 |
| 219 | Andy Harris | R | | | Maryland 1 |
| 220 | Vicky Hartzler | R | | | Missouri 4 |
| 221 | Jaime Herrera Beutler | R | | | Washington 3 |
| 222 | Bill Huizenga | R | | | Michigan 2 |
| 223 | Randy Hultgren | R | | | Illinois 14 |
| 224 | Bill Johnson | R | | | Ohio 6 |
| 225 | Bill Keating | D | | | Massachusetts 9 |
| 226 | Mike Kelly | R | | | Pennsylvania 3 |
| 227 | Adam Kinzinger | R | | | Illinois 16 |
| 228 | Raúl Labrador | R | | | Idaho 1 |
| 229 | Billy Long | R | | | Missouri 7 |
| 230 | Tom Marino | R | | | Pennsylvania 10 |
| 231 | David McKinley | R | | | West Virginia 1 |
| 232 | Pat Meehan | R | | | Pennsylvania 7 | Resigned on April 27, 2018. |
| 233 | Mick Mulvaney | R | | | South Carolina 5 | Resigned on February 16, 2017. |
| 234 | Kristi Noem | R | | | South Dakota at-large |
| 235 | Steven Palazzo | R | | | Mississippi 4 |
| 236 | Mike Pompeo | R | | | Kansas 4 | Resigned on January 23, 2017. |
| 237 | Jim Renacci | R | | | Ohio 16 |
| 238 | Cedric Richmond | D | | | Louisiana 2 |
| 239 | Martha Roby | R | | | Alabama 2 |
| 240 | Todd Rokita | R | | | Indiana 4 |
| 241 | Dennis Ross | R | | | Florida 15 |
| 242 | David Schweikert | R | | | Arizona 6 |
| 243 | Austin Scott | R | | | Georgia 8 |
| 244 | Terri Sewell | D | | | Alabama 7 |
| 245 | Steve Stivers | R | | | Ohio 15 |
| 246 | Scott Tipton | R | | | Colorado 3 |
| 247 | Daniel Webster | R | | | Florida 11 |
| 248 | Frederica Wilson | D | | | Florida 24 |
| 249 | Steve Womack | R | | | Arkansas 3 | Chair: Budget From January 11, 2018 |
| 250 | Rob Woodall | R | | | Georgia 7 |
| 251 | Kevin Yoder | R | | | Kansas 3 |
| 252 | Mark Amodei | R | Nevada 2 | | September 13, 2011 |
| 253 | Suzanne Bonamici | D | Oregon 1 | | January 31, 2012 |
| 254 | Suzan DelBene | D | Washington 1 | | November 6, 2012 |
| 255 | Thomas Massie | R | | | Kentucky 4 |
| 256 | Donald Payne Jr. | D | | | New Jersey 10 |
| 257 | Dina Titus | D | Nevada 1 | January 3, 2013 | 2009–2011 |
| 258 | Colleen Hanabusa | D | Hawaii 1 | November 8, 2016 | 2011–2015 |
| 259 | Carol Shea-Porter | D | New Hampshire 1 | January 3, 2017 | 2007–2011
2013–2015 |
| 260 | Andy Barr | R | Kentucky 6 | January 3, 2013 |  |
| 261 | Joyce Beatty | D | | | Ohio 3 |
| 262 | Ami Bera | D | | | California 7 |
| 263 | Jim Bridenstine | R | | | Oklahoma 1 | Resigned on April 23, 2018. |
| 264 | Susan Brooks | R | | | Indiana 5 | Chair: Ethics |
| 265 | Julia Brownley | D | | | California 26 |
| 266 | Cheri Bustos | D | | | Illinois 17 |
| 267 | Tony Cárdenas | D | | | California 29 |
| 268 | Matt Cartwright | D | | | Pennsylvania 17 |
| 269 | Joaquin Castro | D | | | Texas 20 |
| 270 | Chris Collins | R | | | New York 27 |
| 271 | Doug Collins | R | | | Georgia 9 |
| 272 | Paul Cook | R | | | California 8 |
| 273 | Kevin Cramer | R | | | North Dakota at-large |
| 274 | Rodney Davis | R | | | Illinois 13 |
| 275 | John Delaney | D | | | Maryland 6 |
| 276 | Ron DeSantis | R | | | Florida 6 | Resigned on September 10, 2018. |
| 277 | Elizabeth Esty | D | | | Connecticut 5 |
| 278 | Lois Frankel | D | | | Florida 22 |
| 279 | Tulsi Gabbard | D | | | Hawaii 2 |
| 280 | Denny Heck | D | | | Washington 10 |
| 281 | George Holding | R | | | North Carolina 2 |
| 282 | Richard Hudson | R | | | North Carolina 8 |
| 283 | Jared Huffman | D | | | California 2 |
| 284 | Hakeem Jeffries | D | | | New York 8 |
| 285 | David Joyce | R | | | Ohio 14 |
| 286 | Joe Kennedy III | D | | | Massachusetts 4 |
| 287 | Dan Kildee | D | | | Michigan 5 |
| 288 | Derek Kilmer | D | | | Washington 6 |
| 289 | Annie Kuster | D | | | New Hampshire 2 |
| 290 | Doug LaMalfa | R | | | California 1 |
| 291 | Alan Lowenthal | D | | | California 47 |
| 292 | Michelle Lujan Grisham | D | | | New Mexico 1 |
| 293 | Sean Patrick Maloney | D | | | New York 18 |
| 294 | Mark Meadows | R | | | North Carolina 11 |
| 295 | Grace Meng | D | | | New York 6 |
| 296 | Luke Messer | R | | | Indiana 6 |
| 297 | Markwayne Mullin | R | | | Oklahoma 2 |
| 298 | Beto O'Rourke | D | | | Texas 16 |
| 299 | Scott Perry | R | | | Pennsylvania 4 |
| 300 | Scott Peters | D | | | California 52 |
| 301 | Robert Pittenger | R | | | North Carolina 9 |
| 302 | Mark Pocan | D | | | Wisconsin 2 |
| 303 | Tom Rice | R | | | South Carolina 7 |
| 304 | Keith Rothfus | R | | | Pennsylvania 12 |
| 305 | Raul Ruiz | D | | | California 36 |
| 306 | Kyrsten Sinema | D | | | Arizona 9 |
| 307 | Chris Stewart | R | | | Utah 2 |
| 308 | Eric Swalwell | D | | | California 15 |
| 309 | Mark Takano | D | | | California 41 |
| 310 | David Valadao | R | | | California 21 |
| 311 | Juan Vargas | D | | | California 51 |
| 312 | Marc Veasey | D | | | Texas 33 |
| 313 | Filemon Vela Jr. | D | | | Texas 34 |
| 314 | Ann Wagner | R | | | Missouri 2 |
| 315 | Jackie Walorski | R | | | Indiana 2 |
| 316 | Randy Weber | R | | | Texas 14 |
| 317 | Brad Wenstrup | R | | | Ohio 2 |
| 318 | Roger Williams | R | | | Texas 25 |
| 319 | Ted Yoho | R | | | Florida 3 |
| 320 | Robin Kelly | D | Illinois 2 | | April 9, 2013 |
| 321 | Jason Smith | R | Missouri 8 | | June 4, 2013 |
| 322 | Katherine Clark | D | Massachusetts 5 | | December 10, 2013 |
| 323 | Bradley Byrne | R | Alabama 1 | | December 17, 2013 |
| 324 | Alma Adams | D | North Carolina 12 | | November 4, 2014 |
| 325 | Dave Brat | R | | | Virginia 7 |
| 326 | Donald Norcross | D | | | New Jersey 1 |
| 327 | Ralph Abraham | R | Louisiana 5 | | January 3, 2015 |
| 328 | Pete Aguilar | D | | | California 31 |
| 329 | Rick W. Allen | R | | | Georgia 12 |
| 330 | Brian Babin | R | | | Texas 36 |
| 331 | Don Beyer | D | | | Virginia 8 |
| 332 | Mike Bishop | R | | | Michigan 8 |
| 333 | Rod Blum | R | | | Iowa 1 |
| 334 | Mike Bost | R | | | Illinois 12 |
| 335 | Brendan Boyle | D | | | Pennsylvania 13 |
| 336 | Ken Buck | R | | | Colorado 4 |
| 337 | Buddy Carter | R | | | Georgia 1 |
| 338 | Barbara Comstock | R | | | Virginia 10 |
| 339 | Ryan Costello | R | | | Pennsylvania 6 |
| 340 | Carlos Curbelo | R | | | Florida 26 |
| 341 | Mark DeSaulnier | D | | | California 11 |
| 342 | Debbie Dingell | D | | | Michigan 12 |
| 343 | Tom Emmer | R | | | Minnesota 6 |
| 344 | Ruben Gallego | D | | | Arizona 7 |
| 345 | Garret Graves | R | | | Louisiana 6 |
| 346 | Glenn Grothman | R | | | Wisconsin 6 |
| 347 | Jody Hice | R | | | Georgia 10 |
| 348 | French Hill | R | | | Arkansas 2 |
| 349 | Will Hurd | R | | | Texas 23 |
| 350 | Evan Jenkins | R | | | West Virginia 3 | Resigned on September 30, 2018. |
| 351 | John Katko | R | | | New York 24 |
| 352 | Steve Knight | R | | | California 25 |
| 353 | Brenda Lawrence | D | | | Michigan 14 |
| 354 | Ted Lieu | D | | | California 33 |
| 355 | Barry Loudermilk | R | | | Georgia 11 |
| 356 | Mia Love | R | | | Utah 4 |
| 357 | Tom MacArthur | R | | | New Jersey 3 |
| 358 | Martha McSally | R | | | Arizona 2 |
| 359 | John Moolenaar | R | | | Michigan 4 |
| 360 | Alex Mooney | R | | | West Virginia 2 |
| 361 | Seth Moulton | D | | | Massachusetts 6 |
| 362 | Dan Newhouse | R | | | Washington 4 |
| 363 | Gary Palmer | R | | | Alabama 6 |
| 364 | Bruce Poliquin | R | | | Maine 2 |
| 365 | John Ratcliffe | R | | | Texas 4 |
| 366 | Kathleen Rice | D | | | New York 4 |
| 367 | David Rouzer | R | | | North Carolina 7 |
| 368 | Steve Russell | R | | | Oklahoma 5 |
| 369 | Elise Stefanik | R | | | New York 21 |
| 370 | Norma Torres | D | | | California 35 |
| 371 | Dave Trott | R | | | Michigan 11 |
| 372 | Mark Walker | R | | | North Carolina 6 |
| 373 | Mimi Walters | R | | | California 45 |
| 374 | Bonnie Watson Coleman | D | | | New Jersey 12 |
| 375 | Bruce Westerman | R | | | Arkansas 4 |
| 376 | David Young | R | | | Iowa 3 |
| 377 | Lee Zeldin | R | | | New York 1 |
| 378 | Ryan Zinke | R | | | Montana at-large | Resigned on March 1, 2017. |
| 379 | Dan Donovan | R | New York 11 | | May 5, 2015 |
| 380 | Trent Kelly | R | Mississippi 1 | | June 2, 2015 |
| 381 | Darin LaHood | R | Illinois 18 | | September 10, 2015 |
| 382 | Warren Davidson | R | Ohio 8 | | June 7, 2016 |
| 383 | James Comer | R | Kentucky 1 | | November 8, 2016 |
| 384 | Dwight Evans | D | | | Pennsylvania 2 |
| 385 | Brad Schneider | D | Illinois 10 | January 3, 2017 | 2013–2015 |
| 386 | Jodey Arrington | R | Texas 19 | January 3, 2017 |  |
| 387 | Don Bacon | R | | | Nebraska 2 |
| 388 | Jim Banks | R | | | Indiana 3 |
| 389 | Nanette Barragán | D | | | California 44 |
| 390 | Jack Bergman | R | | | Michigan 1 |
| 391 | Andy Biggs | R | | | Arizona 5 |
| 392 | Lisa Blunt Rochester | D | | | Delaware at-large |
| 393 | Anthony Brown | D | | | Maryland 4 |
| 394 | Ted Budd | R | | | North Carolina 13 |
| 395 | Salud Carbajal | D | | | California 24 |
| 396 | Liz Cheney | R | | | Wyoming at-large |
| 397 | Lou Correa | D | | | California 46 |
| 398 | Charlie Crist | D | | | Florida 13 |
| 399 | Val Demings | D | | | Florida 10 |
| 400 | Neal Dunn | R | | | Florida 2 |
| 401 | Adriano Espaillat | D | | | New York 13 |
| 402 | John Faso | R | | | New York 19 |
| 403 | Drew Ferguson | R | | | Georgia 3 |
| 404 | Brian Fitzpatrick | R | | | Pennsylvania 8 |
| 405 | Matt Gaetz | R | | | Florida 1 |
| 406 | Mike Gallagher | R | | | Wisconsin 8 |
| 407 | Tom Garrett | R | | | Virginia 5 |
| 408 | Vicente Gonzalez | D | | | Texas 15 |
| 409 | Josh Gottheimer | D | | | New Jersey 5 |
| 410 | Clay Higgins | R | | | Louisiana 3 |
| 411 | Trey Hollingsworth | R | | | Indiana 9 |
| 412 | Pramila Jayapal | D | | | Washington 7 |
| 413 | Mike Johnson | R | | | Louisiana 4 |
| 414 | Ro Khanna | D | | | California 17 |
| 415 | Ruben Kihuen | D | | | Nevada 4 |
| 416 | Raja Krishnamoorthi | D | | | Illinois 8 |
| 417 | David Kustoff | R | | | Tennessee 8 |
| 418 | Al Lawson | D | | | Florida 5 |
| 419 | Jason Lewis | R | | | Minnesota 2 |
| 420 | Roger Marshall | R | | | Kansas 1 |
| 421 | Brian Mast | R | | | Florida 18 |
| 422 | Donald McEachin | D | | | Virginia 4 |
| 423 | Paul Mitchell | R | | | Michigan 10 |
| 424 | Stephanie Murphy | D | | | Florida 7 |
| 425 | Tom O'Halleran | D | | | Arizona 1 |
| 426 | Jimmy Panetta | D | | | California 20 |
| 427 | Jamie Raskin | D | | | Maryland 8 |
| 428 | Francis Rooney | R | | | Florida 19 |
| 429 | Jacky Rosen | D | | | Nevada 3 |
| 430 | John Rutherford | R | | | Florida 4 |
| 431 | Lloyd Smucker | R | | | Pennsylvania 16 |
| 432 | Darren Soto | D | | | Florida 9 |
| 433 | Thomas Suozzi | D | | | New York 3 |
| 434 | Scott Taylor | R | | | Virginia 2 |
| 435 | Claudia Tenney | R | | | New York 22 |
|  | Ron Estes | R | Kansas 4 | | April 11, 2017 |
|  | Greg Gianforte | R | Montana at-large | | May 25, 2017 |
|  | Jimmy Gomez | D | California 34 | | June 6, 2017 |
|  | Karen Handel | R | Georgia 6 | | June 20, 2017 |
|  | Ralph Norman | R | | | South Carolina 5 |
|  | John Curtis | R | Utah 3 | | November 7, 2017 |
|  | Conor Lamb | D | Pennsylvania 18 | | March 13, 2018 |
|  | Debbie Lesko | R | Arizona 8 | | April 24, 2018 |
|  | Michael Cloud | R | Texas 27 | | June 30, 2018 |
|  | Troy Balderson | R | Ohio 12 | | August 7, 2018 |
|  | Kevin Hern | R | Oklahoma 1 | | November 6, 2018 |
|  | Brenda Jones | D | | | Michigan 13 |
|  | Joseph Morelle | D | | | New York 25 |
|  | Mary Gay Scanlon | D | | | Pennsylvania 7 |
|  | Susan Wild | D | | | Pennsylvania 15 |

## Delegates

| Rank | Delegate | Party | District | Seniority date
(Previous service, if any)
 | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Eleanor Holmes Norton | D | District of Columbia at-large | January 3, 1991 |  |
| 2 | Madeleine Bordallo | D | Guam at-large | January 3, 2003 | |
| 3 | Gregorio Sablan | I | Northern Mariana Islands at-large | January 3, 2009 | |
| 4 | Stacey Plaskett | D | United States Virgin Islands at-large | January 3, 2015 | |
| 5 | Amata Coleman Radewagen | R | American Samoa at-large | | |
| 6 | Jenniffer González | NPP/R | Puerto Rico at-large | January 3, 2017 | |

* "Terms of Service for House Members at the Opening of 115th Congress - January 3, 2017". January 3, 2017. Retrieved November 15, 2020  via Historian of the United States House of Representatives.
* "Terms of Service for House Members at the Close of 115th Congress - January 3, 2019". January 3, 2019. Retrieved November 15, 2020  via Historian of the United States House of Representatives.


title: 1986 Hall of Fame Bowl

abstract: The 1986 Hall of Fame Bowl was a college football bowl game featuring the Boston College Eagles and the Georgia Bulldogs. It was the inaugural edition of the Hall of Fame Bowl. Georgia started the scoring on a 7-yard James Jackson run. Boston College got on the board after Lowe made a 23-yard field goal at 7–3. In the second quarter, quarterback Shawn Halloran threw a 4-yard touchdown strike to Peter Casparriello giving BC a 10–7 lead. Troy Stradford scored on a 1-yard touchdown run, and Lowe added a 37-yard field goal for Boston College to take a 20–7 halftime lead. In the third quarter, Georgia scored on a 28-yard field goal by Jacobs. With Boston College driving, Gary Moss returned an interception 81 yards for a touchdown, and Georgia was within 20–17. In the fourth quarter, James Jackson scored on a 5-yard touchdown run as Georgia took a 24–20 lead. Shawn Halloran's 5-yard touchdown pass to Kelvin Martin with no time left gave Boston College a 27–24 win.

text:
# 1986 Hall of Fame Bowl

The **1986 Hall of Fame Bowl** was a college football bowl game featuring the Boston College Eagles and the Georgia Bulldogs. It was the inaugural edition of the Hall of Fame Bowl.

Georgia started the scoring on a 7-yard James Jackson run. Boston College got on the board after Lowe made a 23-yard field goal at 7–3. In the second quarter, quarterback Shawn Halloran threw a 4-yard touchdown strike to Peter Casparriello giving BC a 10–7 lead. Troy Stradford scored on a 1-yard touchdown run, and Lowe added a 37-yard field goal for Boston College to take a 20–7 halftime lead.

In the third quarter, Georgia scored on a 28-yard field goal by Jacobs. With Boston College driving, Gary Moss returned an interception 81 yards for a touchdown, and Georgia was within 20–17. In the fourth quarter, James Jackson scored on a 5-yard touchdown run as Georgia took a 24–20 lead. Shawn Halloran's 5-yard touchdown pass to Kelvin Martin with no time left gave Boston College a 27–24 win.

## InfoBox

| 1986 Hall of Fame Bowl | |
| --- | --- |
| Inaugural Hall of Fame Bowl | |
|  | |
| 1 2 3 4 Total  **Boston College** 3 17 0 7 27  **Georgia** 7 0 10 7 24 | |
| Date | December 23, 1986 |
| Season | 1986 |
| Stadium | Tampa Stadium |
| Location | Tampa, Florida |
| Referee | Gil Marchman (Big Ten) |
| Attendance | 25,368 |
| United States TV coverage | |
| Network | Mizlou |
| Announcers | Howard David\- Play by Play , Lee Corso and Bob Casciola\- Color Commentators |
|


title: Timothy Britten

abstract: Timothy Ian Britten is a senior sergeant in the Western Australia Police. He is one of the five recipients of the Cross of Valour, Australia's highest civilian bravery decoration. He was awarded the Cross of Valour for his actions in the immediate aftermath of the 2002 Bali bombings. This award makes him Australia’s highest-decorated police officer.

text:
# Timothy Britten

**Timothy Ian Britten** CV is a senior sergeant in the Western Australia Police. He is one of the five recipients of the Cross of Valour, Australia's highest civilian bravery decoration. He was awarded the Cross of Valour for his actions in the immediate aftermath of the 2002 Bali bombings.

This award makes him Australia’s highest-decorated police officer.

## 2002 Bali bombings

On 12 October 2002, Britten was in Bali on leave. As a Western Australia Police constable, he was serving with the United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor. While walking back to his hotel at approximately 11:00 pm, he heard an explosion that he believed had resulted from a bomb. Britten immediately responded, running approximately 800 metres to the Sari Club.

Upon arriving at the Sari Club, Britten found that the club had been destroyed, having been reduced to a burning shell. The victims of the bombing were lying all about the scene. It was reported to Britten that there was a woman trapped in the building. Without hesitation, he ran into the burning building, making his way through the debris as gas cylinders exploded around him. He located the severely injured woman, who was conscious but pinned underneath rubble and a piece of iron. Forced back by the intense heat and smoke from the fire, Britten left the burning remains of the building to seek help. Finding fellow Australian Richard Joyes out in the street searching for his own friends, Britten recruited Joyes to enter the building with him to attempt to rescue the trapped woman. Again, forced back by the heat of the fire, Britten and Joyes had to leave the building. Lacking any type of protective clothing, Britten and Joyes were doused in bottled water in an attempt to protect themselves from the fire, as they again re-entered the building. On this third attempt for Britten, he and Joyes were able to free the woman from the wreckage, carrying her out of the club, where she was transported to receive medical attention.

After freeing the woman, Britten continued to search the building for survivors until the intensity of the fire made it impossible to continue. Throughout his rescue attempts, Britten was aware of the danger of being severely injured or killed, yet persisted in his efforts until it was no longer possible. In summary, the citation for the Cross of Valour states: "Constable Britten remained at the site helping Indonesian police and security guards, and only when he felt assured that emergency workers had the Sari Club site secured did he return to his hotel. On that night, Constable Britten selflessly placed himself in constant danger, sustaining burns to his arm, deep cuts and abrasions to his feet from explosion debris, potential injury from gas cylinder explosions, and exposure to deadly infection from blood-borne diseases."

In 2016, Melbourne-based artist George Petrou painted Britten's portrait as his entry for the Archibald Prize. The portrait was a black-and-white painting of Britten in his police uniform, wearing his medals. All of the medals, except the Cross of Valour, are painted in black and white. The Cross of Valour was painted in its actual colours of red and gold.

## Cross of Valour

Britten was awarded the Cross of Valour on 17 October 2003, and was presented the medal by the then Governor-General of Australia, Major General Michael Jeffery.

The Cross of Valour, along with his other awards, his police uniform and a number of photographs and personal effects, are on display at the Maryborough Military and Colonial Museum.

## Cross of Valour Association of Australia

In 2013 Britten, along with Allan Sparkes and John Meyers who is the director of the Maryborough Military & Colonial Museum founded the Cross of Valour Association of Australia. Britten is the inaugural vice-president of the Association.

## Ambassador role

In December 2012 Britten was made a vice patron of the Australian Bravery Association.

In August 2014 Britten was made an ambassador for Soldier On, a charity that provides support and assistance to Australian soldiers who have been physically or psychologically wounded.

In June 2015 Britten was made an ambassador for Day for Daniel 2015 which is run by the Daniel Morcombe Foundation, an organisation founded by Bruce and Denise Morcombe, parents of murdered child Daniel Morcombe.

In November 2015 Britten was made an Australia Day ambassador.

In July 2016 Britten was appointed as a trustee of the ANZAC Day Trust in Western Australia.

In December 2016 it was announced that Britten was an ambassador for Blue Hope, an organisation dedicated to preventing and raising awareness of police suicide.

In September 2018 it was announced that Britten was an ambassador for the Immunisation Foundation of Australia. Britten is a strong advocate for vaccination after contracting pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, in 2011.

## Honours and awards

Britten is also the holder of the Police Overseas Service Medal, with East Timor clasp, the National Medal, the Australian Defence Medal, the Western Australian Police Award for Bravery, the Western Australian Police Service Medal, the United Nations Medal for the United Nations Mission of Support to East Timor (UNMISET) and was one of ten Australians, including the four other Cross of Valour recipients, to be awarded the Queen's Diamond Jubilee Medal.

Britten is currently Australia's highest-decorated police officer.

National medals:

| Ribbon | Description | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Cross of Valour (CV) | (10 October 2003) For acts of the most conspicuous courage in circumstances of extreme peril. |
|  | Police Overseas Service Medal | With 'EAST TIMOR' clasp. Recognises those members of an Australian police force who undertake service with international peace-keeping organisations, or following a request from another government for assistance. |
|  | National Police Service Medal | Recognition for the unique contribution and significant commitment of those persons who have given ethical and diligent service as a sworn member of an Australian police service |
|  | Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal | (2012) |
|  | Queen Elizabeth II Platinum Jubilee Medal | (2022) |
|  | King Charles III Coronation Medal | (2023) |
|  | National Medal | Operational members of specified organisations which serve or protect the community at hazard to themselves, including police, fire, ambulance, corrective services, emergency services and voluntary search and rescue services |
|  | Australian Defence Medal | Recognises current and former Australian Defence Force personnel who completed an initial enlistment period, or four years' service |
|  | United Nations Medal | For United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor (UNMISET) |

WA Police medals:

| Ribbon | Description | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  | Western Australia Police Cross for Bravery | (13 June 1996) |
|  | Western Australia Police Medal |  |

## InfoBox

| Timothy Ian Britten | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Perth, Western Australia |
| **Police career** | |
| Country | Western Australia Police |
| Allegiance | Australia |
| Rank | Senior Sergeant |
| Awards | Cross of Valour |
|  | |


title: POU4F3

abstract: POU domain, class 4, transcription factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the POU4F3 gene. It's a member of BRN-3 group, also known as POU family class 4.

text:
# POU4F3

**POU domain, class 4, transcription factor 3** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the *POU4F3* gene. It's a member of BRN-3 group, also known as POU family class 4.

## Nomenclature

DFNA15 refers to a type of nonsyndromic deafness, with autosomal dominant inheritance.

## Further reading

In Vivo Interplay between p27Kip1, GATA3, ATOH1, and POU4F3 Converts Non-sensory Cells to Hair Cells in Adult Mice

*This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.*

## InfoBox

| POU4F3 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | POU4F3, BRN3C, DFNA15, POU class 4 homeobox 3, DFNA42, DFNA52 | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 602460; MGI: 102523; HomoloGene: 2023; GeneCards: POU4F3; OMA:POU4F3 - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_002700   NM\_138945   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_002691   NP\_620395   Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 146.34 – 146.34 Mb Chr 18: 42.53 – 42.53 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Novotny (chess)

abstract: The Novotny is a device found in chess problems named after a problem from 1854 by Antonín Novotný, though the first example was composed by Henry Turton in 1851. A piece is sacrificed on a square where it could be taken by two different opposing pieces, but whichever makes the capture, it interferes with the other. It is essentially a Grimshaw brought about by a sacrifice on the critical square. This pattern can arise as part of a combination in an actual game, but it is extremely rare. Most chess players would not use the term "Novotny" to describe such a move, since that term is almost exclusively used in the context of chess problems.

text:
# Novotny (chess)

The **Novotny** (also often spelled as Nowotny, even in non-German sources) is a device found in chess problems named after a problem from 1854 by Antonín Novotný, though the first example was composed by Henry Turton in 1851. A piece is sacrificed on a square where it could be taken by two different opposing pieces, but whichever makes the capture, it interferes with the other. It is essentially a Grimshaw brought about by a sacrifice on the critical square.

This pattern can arise as part of a combination in an actual game, but it is extremely rare (see games below). Most chess players would not use the term "Novotny" to describe such a move, since that term is almost exclusively used in the context of chess problems.

## Examples

### Basic

White to play and mate in two.

The device can be understood by reference to the problem shown here, a mate in two moves (white moves first, and must checkmate black in two moves against any defence). The key (first move of the solution; see Glossary of chess problems) is 1.Nb2 (see algebraic notation). This interferes with black's rook and bishop, and whichever of those pieces takes the knight, it will interfere with the other—this is the Novotny idea at its most basic. So, if black plays 1...Bxb2, this interferes with his rook and allows 2.Qf2#, while if he plays 1...Rxb2, it is the bishop that is interfered with, allowing 2.Qd4#.

Problemists would generally agree that a single Novotny with no other play, as in this example, makes for a relatively uninteresting problem. Usually, Novotnys are combined in problems with other ideas, or several Novotnys are shown in a single problem.

### Multiple Novotnys

**R. C. O. Matthews**, *British Chess Magazine*, 1957  White to play and mate in three.

The problem as shown here is very well known. It contains no fewer than six separate Novotnys. It is by R. C. O. Matthews, was published in the *British Chess Magazine* in 1957 and won the Brian Harley Award. It is a mate in 3.

The key is 1.b4, threatening 2.Bxb1 and 3.Ra3#. Black has six thematic defences, each of which White meets with a Novotny on move two:

* 1...Bb6 threatens 2...Ba5, interfering with the path of the white rook to a3. White counters with a Novotny interference: 2.Rd5. This interferes with the black rook on h5 and the bishop on a8, and so threatens 3.Nb5# and 3.Ne4#. Black can prevent one by capturing on d5, but not both, because the capturing piece interferes with the other (so 2...Rxd5 3.Ne4#; or 2...Bxd5 3.Nb5#).
* 1...Rbxb5 threatens 2...Ra5 stopping the threat. White can now play 2.Qd5 with the same interferences and threats as follow 1...Bb6.
* 1...Bc5 threatens 2...Bxb4 to defend a3, stopping White's threat. White counters with 2.Rb7, interfering with the bishop on a8 and the rook on b8 and leading to the same threats and comparable continuations as follow 1...Bb6 (additionally, 2...Bxd6 allows 3.Bxd4#).
* 1...Bb7 threatens to capture the white rook which would give mate. White can now play 2.Rc5 interfering with the bishop on a7 and the rook on h5, and so threatening 3.Nb5# and 3.Bxd4#. As before, a capture on c5 stops one of the threats, but not both.
* 1...Bd5 threatens 2...Bxc4, after which Black could meet white's threatened 3.Ra3 with 3...Bb3. White instead plays 2.Rbb6 with the same threats and variations as follow 1...Bb7.
* 1...Rhxb5 threatens 2...Ra5, stopping the threat. White instead plays 2.Rb6 with the same threats and variations as follow 1...Bb7.

The solution, in short form, is thus: 1. b4

* 1...Bb6 2. Rd5
* 1...Rbxb5 2. Qd5
* 1...Bc5 2. Rb7
* 1...Bb7 2. Rc5
* 1...Bd5 2. Rbb6
* 1...Rhxb5 2. Rb6

Four of White's Novotnys in these variations are executed by the rook on b5—only the rook will do in those variations, because the square it comes from, b5, must be vacated for the white knight to deliver mate. In the other two lines, that rook is captured, meaning it cannot execute the Novotny, but also meaning the square vacation is no longer necessary (the white knight can simply capture the black piece on b5). Therefore, another piece can make the Novotny interference in those lines. (There is one other non-thematic defence in the problem: 1...Nd2, threatening a nuisance check on b3. This allows 2.Ra3+ Nb3+ 3.Rxb3#.)

### As part of a larger scheme

**Milan Vukcevich**, *Schach-Echo*, 1976  White to play and mate in two.

Many problems include a Novotny as part of some larger scheme. The problem here, by Milan Vukcevich, published in *Schach-Echo* in 1976, includes a Novotny as just one part of a more complex problem. It is a mate in 2. The key is 1.Qd6, which is a Novotny interference with the black rook and bishop on b8, so threatening 2.Ne5# and 2.Nxd2#. After the capture of the queen by the rook or bishop, the other black piece is still interfered with by the capturing unit; so 1...Rxd6 rules out 2.Nxd2 but still allows 2.Ne5#, while 1...Bxd6 rules out 2.Ne5 but allows 2.Nxd2#. Just as these Novotny lines work as a pair, so the other black defences work in pairs:

1...Rxa7 (removes white guard of e3) 2.Qd3# 1...Bxa7 (removes white guard of e3) 2.Qf4# 1...e5 (pins the knight that gives the mate in the Novotny lines) 2.Qf6# 1...Bd5 (pins the knight) 2.Qxa3# (not otherwise possible because of 2...Rd3)

### The Novotny theme in practical play

Macdonald–Burn, offhand game, Liverpool 1910, position after White's 33rd move.

The Novotny theme occurs extremely rarely in actual play. The strong English master Amos Burn produced such an example in an offhand game in 1910 (see diagram). In a seemingly desperate position, with his king apparently about to fall to a powerful attack by White's pieces, Burn played 33...Qg4!! The point is that if the bishop or pawn takes the queen, the white rook's pin on the black bishop is lifted, allowing 34...Bxd2; if the rook takes the queen, the white bishop no longer protects f3, so Black can play the royal fork 34...Nf3+ and 35...Nxd2. Finally, if 34.Qxg5+, Qxg5 35.Rxg5+ Kh6 (a king fork) wins a piece. Burn won in 15 more moves and was to comment afterwards that his 33...Qg4 demonstrated that there is an element of luck in chess.

Rubtsova-Belova, USSR 1945, position after 1.Rf4-g4?

In this position, from Rubtsova-Belova, USSR 1945, White has just played the attractive-looking 1.Rf4-g4? Black cannot capture the rook (1...Qxg4? 2.Bxg4; 1...fxg4?? 2.Qxg5), and White would win a piece after 1...Qf6? 2.Rxg3. However, Black responded with a decisive Novotny, 1...Ne2+! This enables Black to win the rook after 2.Rxe2 Qxg4; 2.Bxe2 Qxe3+ and 3...fxg4; or 2.Kf1 Qxg4. Black won.

E. Berg–J. Zezulkin, Rowy 2000, position after Black's 39th move.

The Novotny theme could also have occurred in actual play in E. Berg-J. Zezulkin, Rowy 2000. From this diagram, White could have won with 40.Nf6!! (instead of 40.Qe6?, leading to an eventual draw). After 40.Nf6!!, White would threaten the two thematical mates 41.Qg7# and 41.Qf8# and in addition 41.Rg8# and 41.Qxh7#. Now 40...Bxf6 would block Black's rook, allowing 41.Qf8#, while 40...Rxf6 would block Black's bishop, allowing 41.Qg7#. After 40...Qxh6 which parries both thematical threats White has 41.Rg8#.

David Navara vs Anna Dergatschova-Daus, Ordix Open (2007), position after Black's 35th move.

The Novotny theme was played in David Navara vs Anna Dergatschova-Daus, Ordix Open (2007), Mainz, 2007. If White could check on the a2–g8 diagonal, it would force mate quickly. But the R guards e6, and the B guards d5. So 36. Rc6!! intersects both lines: 36... Rxc6 37.Qd5+ Re6 38.Qxe6#, or 36... Bxc6 37.Qe6#; and if 36... Qxc6 then 37. e8=Q+ Qxe8 38. Qxe8#


title: Oskar Blümm

abstract: Oskar Blümm was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded the 57th Infantry Division. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.

text:
# Oskar Blümm

**Oskar Blümm** (26 June 1884 – 12 December 1951) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded the 57th Infantry Division. He was a recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross.

## Awards and decorations

### Citations

### Bibliography

* Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) \[First published 1986\]. *Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile* \[*The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945*\] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.

## InfoBox

| Oskar Blümm | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1884-06-26)26 June 1884
Zwiesel |
| Died | 12 December 1951(1951-12-12) (aged 67)
Ursberg |
| Allegiance | German Empire
Weimar Republic
Nazi Germany |
| Service/branch | Army |
| Years of service | 1905–45 |
| Rank | Generalleutnant |
| Commands | 57th Infantry Division |
| Battles/wars | World War I   ---  World War II |
| Awards | Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross |


title: Marguerite Stix

abstract: Marguerite Stix was a sculptor, jeweler, and ceramicist known for her later work with shells.

text:
# Marguerite Stix

**Marguerite Stix** (June 15, 1904, Vienna, Austria \- January 10, 1975, New York City, New York) was a sculptor, jeweler, and ceramicist known for her later work with shells.

## Early life

Stix was born Margret Christine Salzer, in Vienna, Austria. Fleeing the Nazis in Austria, she moved to Paris in 1938. There she began designing *haute couture* ceramic buttons and other small fashion accessories, with pieces commissioned for fashion houses including Lanvin, Balenciaga, and Schiaparelli. She was then held for a short time in the concentration camp at Gurs. After being released, she emigrated to the United States in 1941, living in New York City for the rest of her life.

## Later work

In the 1960s, she and husband Hugh Stix began working with seashells. On a trip to major shell-producing sites along the Pacific Ocean, they collected approximately 15,000 shell specimens, bringing them back to New York, where they shortly thereafter founded the Stix Rare Shell Gallery in their home. Stix also began a series of drawings of shells, of which then Curator of European Painting at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Theodore Rousseau Jr., said "I don't know of another artist of our times but Matisse whose drawings can compare with these!" In 1968, the Stixes wrote *The Shell: Five Hundred Million Years of Inspired Design* about the history of shell collection and the shell's impact on art history.

Stix also began to make jewelry from and highlighting shells at this time, retailing at Cartier's and with clients including Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis.

## Collections

1. McLanathan, Richard B. K. (1977-01-01). *The art of Marguerite Stix*. New York: H.N. Abrams. p. 21. ISBN 0810916207.
2. "Shell As Gemstone: Marguerite Stix Jewelry | Skinner Inc". *www.skinnerinc.com*. 25 September 2015. Retrieved 2017-03-10.
3. McLanathan 23.
4. "MARGUERITE STIX, SCULPTOR, 67, DIES". *The New York Times*. 1975-01-12. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-03-10.
5. McLanathan 24.
6. McLanathan 145.
7. *THE SHELL: Five Hundred Million Years of Inspired Design by Hugh & Marguerite & R. Tucker Abbott Stix | Kirkus Reviews*.
8. "Marguerite Stix Artist | Vintage Shell Jewelry". *www.beladora.com*. Retrieved 2017-03-10.
* Marguerite Stix and the Shell – Notes on Disciplinarity and Contradiction
* *The Shell: Five Hundred Million Years of Inspired Design* ISBN 0345026896


title: 1991 PBA Third Conference finals

abstract: The 1991 PBA Third Conference finals was the best-of-5 basketball championship series of the 1991 PBA Third Conference, and the conclusion of the conference's playoffs. The Alaska Milkmen and Ginebra San Miguel played for the 50th championship contested by the league. Alaska Milk won their first PBA title after five years, winning their finals series against Ginebra San Miguel, 3 games to 1.

text:
# 1991 PBA Third Conference finals

The **1991 PBA Third Conference finals** was the best-of-5 basketball championship series of the 1991 PBA Third Conference, and the conclusion of the conference's playoffs. The Alaska Milkmen and Ginebra San Miguel played for the 50th championship contested by the league.

Alaska Milk won their first PBA title after five years, winning their finals series against Ginebra San Miguel, 3 games to 1.

## Qualification

| Alaska | | Ginebra | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Finished 7–4 (.636), tied for 2nd | **Eliminations** | | Finished 7–4 (.636), tied for 2nd |
| Finished 12–7 (.632), tied for 1st | **Semifinals** | | Finished 12–7 (.632), tied for 1st |

## Series scoring summary

| Team | Game 1 | Game 2 | Game 3 | Game 4 | Wins |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Alaska | **93** | 105 | **122** | **99** | **3** |
| Ginebra | 92 | **107** | 103 | 90 | **1** |
| Venue | ULTRA | ULTRA | ULTRA | ULTRA |  |

## Games summary

### Game 1

| **Alaska Milkmen 93**, Ginebra San Miguel 92 | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Pts:** Sean Chambers 37 |  | **Pts:** Wes Matthews 38 |
| ***Alaska leads series, 1–0*** | | |

Sean Chambers hit all of the Milkmen's last seven points and highlighted the stirring performance with a daring drive with six seconds left. Wes Matthews banged in a triple that tied the count at 90-all with 18 seconds to go, Chito Loyzaga shoved Ginebra ahead, 92–91, with two free throws. Alaska sued for time with 15 seconds remaining and Sean Chambers took matters into his own hands and drove in for the marginal basket.

### Game 2

| Alaska Milkmen 105, **Ginebra San Miguel 107** | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by quarter:** 24–24, 28–27, 28–23, 25–33 | | |
| **Pts:** Sean Chambers 30 |  | **Pts:** Wes Matthews 42 |
| ***Series tied, 1–1*** | | |

Wes Matthews canned in two free throws for a 107–103 lead that capped his team's long-game struggle. Ginebra trailed by 13 points, 63–76, with 3:15 left in the third quarter. Wes Matthews scored on a rare four-point play to tie the count at 93-all with 5:05 remaining in the game. With the score at 103–101 in favor of Ginebra, following Leo Isaac's 20-footer from left quartercourt with 30 seconds to go, the next play turned out to be controversial, Jojo Lastimosa's attempt bounced high off the rim with Paul Alvarez tipping the ball in, referee Bay Ledesma nullified the basket and giving the Gins possession with time down to 15 seconds, Rudy Distrito knocked in two more charities for a 105–101 advantage for Ginebra.

### Game 3

| **Alaska Milkmen 122**, Ginebra San Miguel 103 | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by quarter:** 22–19, 26–26, 40–29, 34–29 | | |
| **Pts:** Sean Chambers 34
**Rebs:** Chambers 15
**Asts:** Chambers 11 |  | **Pts:** Wes Matthews 26 |
| ***Alaska leads series, 2–1*** | | |

Alaska stormed ahead, 88–73 on a 14–3 run, the Milkmen open gaps as wide as 23 points, 107–84, halfway through the final period. Alaska reserves Nandy Garcia and Roehl Gomez put on fine performances, outdoing themselves on the scoring end with Gomez hitting two straight triples in the fourth quarter.

### Game 4

| **Alaska Milkmen 99**, Ginebra San Miguel 90 | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Scoring by quarter:** 28–24, 21–21, 23–23, 27–22 | | |
| **Pts:** Sean Chambers 30 Paul Alvarez 30
**Rebs:** Chambers 14 |  | **Pts:** Wes Matthews 31 Chito Loyzaga 28
**Rebs:** Matthews 10 |
| ***Alaska wins series, 3–1*** | | |

Wes Matthews was limited to only one field goal in the second half and was shut out in the last 2:27 of the game when Ginebra came to within three points at 90–93. Dondon Ampalayo muffed in a finger roll and a three-pointer, allowing Sean Chambers to knock in a running bank shot for a 95–90 count for Alaska. Paul Alvarez sealed the win for the Milkmen with a pair of free throws with time down to 18 seconds.

| 1991 PBA Third Conference Champions |
| --- |
|
**Alaska Milkmen**
**First title** |

## Rosters

| Players | Coaches |
| --- | --- |
| Pos. # POB Name Height Weight DOB (YYYY–MM–DD) From  4  Aguilar, Peter 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)   TUA  6  Ravanes, Biboy 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)   Cebu  7  Gomez, Roehl 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)   Cebu  8  Garcia, Nandy 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)   Adamson  G/F 9  Lastimosa, Jojo 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)   USJ–R  10  Polistico, Adriano 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m)   Letran  11  Quilban, Eugene 5 ft 7 in (1.70 m)   San Sebastian  12  Navarro, Eton 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)   San Sebastian  14  Araneta, Alex 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)   Ateneo  G/F 20  Chambers, Sean (I) 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)   Cal Poly  22  Lim, Frankie 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)   San Beda  23  Alvarez, Paul 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)   San Sebastian  55  Hatton, Nap 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)   San Sebastian | Head coach Assistant coach(es)

---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(CI)** Commissioner's Cup Import * **(GI)** Governors' Cup Import * **(DP)** Unsigned draft pick * **(FA)** Free agent * **(IN)** Inactive * **(S)** Suspended * **(R)** Rookie * (I) Import * Injured |
| --- | |

| Players | Coaches |
| --- | --- |
| Pos. # POB Name Height Weight DOB (YYYY–MM–DD) From  G/F 1  Matthews, Wes (I) 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)   Wisconsin  6  Ampalayo, Dondon 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)   USJ–R  7  Jaworski, Robert 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)   UE  8  Palad, Silverio 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)   UST  9  Isaac, Leo 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)   Mapúa  10  Poblador, Anthony 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)   De La Salle  11  Gayoso, Jayvee 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)   Ateneo  12  Gonzalgo, Dante 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)   Lyceum  14  Villanil, Larry 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)   USPF  F/C 15  Cuenco, Rey 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)   De La Salle Araneta  17  Distrito, Rudy 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m)   UE  18  Cezar, Philip 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)   José Rizal  41  Loyzaga, Chito 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)   San Beda | Head coach Assistant coach(es)* Arlene Rodriguez

---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(CI)** Commissioner's Cup Import * **(GI)** Governors' Cup Import * **(DP)** Unsigned draft pick * **(FA)** Free agent * **(IN)** Inactive * **(S)** Suspended * **(R)** Rookie * (I) Import * Injured |
| --- | |

## Broadcast notes

| Game | Play-by-play | Analyst |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Game 1 | Sev Sarmenta | Andy Jao |
| Game 2 | Ed Picson | Quinito Henson |
| Game 3 | Sev Sarmenta | Butch Maniego |
| Game 4 | Bill Velasco | Andy Jao |

## InfoBox

1991 PBA Third Conference finals
| Team Coach Wins  **Alaska Milkmen** Tim Cone 3  Ginebra San Miguel Robert Jaworski 1 | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | December 8–15, 1991 |
| Television | Vintage Sports (PTV) |
| Radio network | DZAM |


title: Supercoppa Italiana (women)

abstract: The Supercoppa Italiana, also called Supercoppa Italiana Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane for national sponsorship with Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane, is a national women's football cup competition in Italy played between the winner of the Serie A and the winner of the Coppa Italia. Designed as an equivalent to the Supercoppa Italiana in men's football, the competition began in 1997 with the first game played by Modena Femminile and Aircago Agliana. Torres holds the record for most titles overall, having won seven times.

text:
# Supercoppa Italiana (women)

The **Supercoppa Italiana** (Italian pronunciation: \[ˌsuperˈkɔppa itaˈljaːna\]; English: Italian Women's Super Cup), also called **Supercoppa Italiana Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane** for national sponsorship with Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane, is a national women's football cup competition in Italy played between the winner of the Serie A and the winner of the Coppa Italia.

Designed as an equivalent to the Supercoppa Italiana in men's football, the competition began in 1997 with the first game played by Modena Femminile and Aircago Agliana.

Torres holds the record for most titles overall, having won seven times.

## History

The super cup was born in 1997 by initiative of the president of the women's division of LND, Natalina Ceraso Levati, a former soccer player; the first edition were played in Stadio Belvedere between Modena Femminile and Aircago Agliana and saw the now disbanded team from Modena beat the opponent 3-1 and thus win the first Super Cup.

The following two years the cup was conquered by A.C.F. Milan, after them, from 2000 to 2013, Torres won the title seven times. These victories were interspersed with wins by other teams: CF Bardolino (2001, 2005, 2007, 2008), Foroni Verona (2002, 2003) and Fiammamonza (2006).

After Torres's dissolution, the tournament was won for four times in a row by Brescia. In 2018 the newborn team Fiorentina won and in 2019 another newborn team, Juventus won the tournament.

By the following edition a new format was adopted, with four participating teams and a final four with two semi-finals and a final on neutral venues. This format was used only for two edition and in 2022 we returned to the previous format.

In 2022, Roma became new super cup champions, ending Juventus's winning strike (three wins from 2019 to 2021).

## Winners

| Year | Serie A winners | Result | Coppa Italia representatives | Stadium | Attendance |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1997 | **Modena Femminile** | **4–1** | Aircago Agliana | Stadio Belvedere, Bardolino | 200 |
| 1998 | Modena Femminile | **0–4** | **ACF Milan** | Stadio Daniele Mariotti, Montecatini Terme | 100 |
| 1999 | **ACF Milan** | **0–4** | Ruco Line Lazio | Stadio Gino Manni, Colle di Val d'Elsa | 200 |
| 2000 | **Torres** | **4–3** | ACF Milan | Stadio Comunale, Santamonica | 500 |
| 2001 | Torres | **2–3** | **Bardolino** | Stadio Centro d'Italia – Manlio Scopigno, Rieti | 1500 |
| 2002 | Enterprise Lazio | **0–2** | **Foroni Verona** | Stadio Luigi Muzi, Orvieto | 500 |
| 2003 | **Foroni Verona** | **6–1** | Decimum Lazio | Stadio Comunale, Montecatini Terme | 400 |
| 2004 | ACF Milan | **0–5** | **Torres** | Stadio Mariotti, Alghero | 1500 |
| 2005 | **Bardolino Verona** | **1–0** | Torres | Centro Tecnico Federale, Coverciano | - |
| 2006 | **Fiammamonza** | **1–0** | Bardolino Verona | Stadio Comunale, Saint-Vincent | 500 |
| 2007 | **Bardolino Verona** | **1–0** | Torino Women | Stadio Gino Alfonso Sada, Monza | 2000 |
| 2008 | **Bardolino Verona** | **1–0** | Torres | Stadio Belvedere, Bardolino | 1000 |
| 2009 | Bardolino Verona | **1–2** | **Torres** | Stadio Bacigalupo, Taormina | - |
| 2010 | **Torres** | **2–0** | Reggiana | Stadio Morandi, Umbertide | - |
| 2011 | **Torres** | **2–1** | Graphistudio Tavagnacco | Stadio Italo Nicoletti, Riccione | - |
| 2012 | **Torres** | **2–1** | Brescia | Stadio Romeo Galli, Imola | - |
| 2013 | **Torres** | **2–1** | Graphistudio Tavagnacco | Stadio Enrico Nanni, Bellaria – Igea Marina | - |
| 2014 | **Brescia** | **1–1 (a.e.t.) (4–3 )** | Graphistudio Tavagnacco | Stadio Gino Corsaro, Montecchio Maggiore | - |
| 2015 | Bardolino Verona | **0–0 (a.e.t.) (2–3 )** | **Brescia** | Stadio Ugo Lisetti, Castiglione delle Stiviere | 2000 |
| 2016 | **Brescia** | **2–0** | Bardolino Verona | Stadio Rino Mercante, Bassano del Grappa | 1500 |
| 2017 | Fiorentina | **1–4** | **Brescia** | Stadio Tullo Morgagni, Forlì | 1200 |
| 2018 | Juventus | **0–1** | **Fiorentina** | Stadio Alberto Picco, La Spezia | - |
| 2019 | **Juventus** | **2–0** | Fiorentina | Stadio Dino Manuzzi, Cesena | - |
| 2020–21 | **Juventus** | **2–0** | Fiorentina | Stadio Comunale, Chiavari | - |
| 2021–22 | **Juventus** | **2–1** | AC Milan | Stadio Benito Stirpe, Frosinone | - |
| 2022 | Juventus | **1–1 (a.e.t.) (3–4 )** | **Roma** | Stadio Ennio Tardini, Parma | 3500 |
| 2023 | Roma | **1–2** | **Juventus** | Stadio Giovanni Zini, Cremona | - |

1. The match should have pitted Foroni Verona, winner of the 2003-2004 Serie A, against Torres, winner of the 2003-2004 Italian Cup. However, a few weeks before the race, the Veronese club renounced its membership in the championship due to economic problems, also refusing to restart from a lower division and declaring bankruptcy. It was thus decided that ACF Milan, third in the previous championship, would compete in the unusual edition of the Super Cup.
1. "Tutte le competizioni" (in Italian). Retrieved 12 December 2022.
2. "Supercoppa - Albo d'oro" (in Italian). Retrieved 12 December 2022.
3. "Supercoppa" \[Supercup\] (in Italian). Archived from the original on 21 June 2017.
4. "Calcio donne. Il Modena battuto 4-0 dal Milan, addio Supercoppa Bellentani cola a picco Le \`canarine' in ritardo di preparazione" \[Women's soccer. Modena beaten 4-0 by Milan, goodbye Supercoppa Bellentani sinks The 'canarine' late in preparation\] (in Italian). 6 September 1998. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
5. "La Fiorentina vince la Supercoppa contro la Juventus" \[Fiorentina wins the Super Cup against Juventus\] (in Italian). 13 October 2018. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
6. "La Juventus batte 2-0 la Fiorentina e conquista la sua prima Supercoppa" \[Juventus beat Fiorentina 2-0 and won their first Super Cup\] (in Italian). 27 October 2019. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
7. "Futuro del Calcio Femminile: nuove norme e via al professionismo nel 2022. Scudetto alla Juventus, Serie B a 14" \[Future of women's football: new rules and the start of professionalism in 2022. Scudetto to Juventus, Serie B at 14\] (in Italian). 25 June 2020. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
8. "Le date della nuova stagione: Serie A al via il 27 agosto, Serie B e Primavera in campo dal 18 settembre" \[The dates of the new season: Serie A kicks off on 27 August, Serie B and Primavera on the pitch from 18 September\] (in Italian). 28 June 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
9. "La Roma batte la Juventus ai calci di rigore e conquista la sua prima Supercoppa: decisive le parate di Ceasar" \[Roma beat Juventus on penalties and won their first Super Cup: Caesar's saves were decisive\] (in Italian). 5 November 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
10. "Italy - List of Women's Super Cup Finals". Retrieved 12 December 2022.
* Cup at women.soccerway.com

## InfoBox

Supercoppa Italiana
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Organising body | FIGC |
| Founded | 1997 (1997) |
| Region | Italy |
| Number of teams | 2 (1997–2019; 2022–present)
4 (2020–2021) |
| Related competitions |  |
| Current champions | Juventus (4th titles) |
| Most successful club(s) | Torres
(7 titles) |
| Television broadcasters | TIMvision
La7 |
| Website | femminile.figc.it |
| *2024 Supercoppa Italiana* | |


title: William Yale (merchant)

abstract: William Yale was a tin ware merchant, politician, Justice of the Peace, and the largest manufacturer in Meriden, Connecticut. He was the oldest son of Revolutionary War patriot Samuel Yale Sr., founder of the Yale manufacturing dynasty of Connecticut. He also served in the Connecticut State House of Representatives from Meriden in 1825, and did business with the Griswolds. His entreprises were succeeded by his son, Gen. Edwin R. Yale, proprietor of the U.S. Hotel and Mansion House in New York.

text:
# William Yale (merchant)

**William Yale** (1784 – 1833) was a tin ware merchant, politician, Justice of the Peace, and the largest manufacturer in Meriden, Connecticut. He was the oldest son of Revolutionary War patriot Samuel Yale Sr., founder of the Yale manufacturing dynasty of Connecticut. He also served in the Connecticut State House of Representatives from Meriden in 1825, and did business with the Griswolds. His entreprises were succeeded by his son, Gen. Edwin R. Yale, proprietor of the U.S. Hotel and Mansion House in New York.

## Early life

William Yale was born March 13, 1784, to wealthy merchant Samuel Yale (b. 1763) and Eunice Paine, members of the Yale family. His great-grandfather, Samuel Yale (b. 1711), son of Capt. and magistrate Theophilus Yale, was a wealthy landowner in Wallingford, now Yalesville. His ancestor, Capt. Thomas Yale, was one of the cofounders of Wallingford in 1670, son of Capt. Thomas Yale, a cofounder of New Haven Colony with his father-in-law, Gov. Theophilus Eaton. One of William Yale's cousin was Ann Aurelia Yale, who married cabinet maker Jesse Adams, who was from a cousin branch of the Adams family of Gen. Charles Francis Adams.

The Yales imported skilled artisans from England following the end of the American War of Independence and changes in taxes from America's separation from Britain, and took the lead in the manufacture of Britannia goods, selling them throughout the country through peddlers. Members of his family were also prominent as early settlers and leaders in Connecticut, and owned large tracts of land.

William's father was the first manufacturer in the town of Meriden, Connecticut, starting manufacturing cut nails in 1791, and pewter buttons in 1794, from which he accumulated a large estate. He was the founder of the Yale manufacturing dynasty of Meriden and Wallingford, and had been a patriot during the American War of Independence, having enrolled under Colonel Canfield's militia regiment, a personal correspondent of George Washington.

His mother's family traced their descent from Sir Thomas Payne, Knight of Market Bosworth, whose arms were the same as those adopted by Hugues de Payens, first Grand Master of the Templars. His grandfather Street Yale was also a patriot of the War of Independence, being enlisted under Col. Charles Webb in the Boston campaign, and assigned to Gen. Sullivan's brigade on Winter Hill. He later enlisted in Capt. Couch's brigade, and served at Fort Lee and defended Fort Washington under General Greene's command until the entire garrison was captured. Fourteen members of the Yales of Connecticut served in the War of Independence, and some notable cousins of William included fur trader James Murray Yale and newspaper entrepreneur Moses Yale Beach.

## Career

William Yale attended the schools of Meriden until he was old enough to start working for the family business. The family shop was located on a hill near the location of the Center Congregational Church of Meriden, and William started working for his father in 1791, manufacturing cut nails. In 1794, with his brother Samuel Jr., they started the manufacture of pewter buttons. The enterprise evolved into a tin ware business, and involved all the sons of Samuel Sr. With his brother Samuel, they established the Meriden branch of the family while his younger brothers Charles, Selden and Hiram, established their primary business in Yalesville, Connecticut, giving their name to the area. His fifth brother Ivah was a tinner.

Yale began his mercantile business selling pint cups, pewter plates, japanned canisters, long combs and other wares. At the beginning of the War of 1812, he assumed political posts in Meriden. In 1817, he purchased for $2,500 the land of what is now the whole West of Meriden, with a contract note of $1,800, which he was later forced to pay cash in full amount, which he complied. As safety was an issue at the time, he arranged a meeting at a hotel with his son, watching the strangers passing by, and met the sheriff of Hartford. They had drinks together and he then emptied the whole sum in sixpences and shillings on the table, surprising the sheriff who responded by stating that it would take him one week to count it, to which Yale replied "Very well... I don't doubt it, for it has taken me six months to get it".

For a few years he ran a business in Richmond as a Connecticut traveler, then in 1818, he returned permanently to Meriden. He started the manufacture of Japan tin lamps from 1820 to 1831. He established a partnership during the war with his brother Samuel Jr., establishing a pewter business. During this time, William Yale became the largest manufacturer in Meriden, exceeding Ashbel Griswold's pewter and britannia business.

He made frequent trips to Boston by horse, loading the bags with sheets of tinned iron with the help of a sail-maker, and resold them in Meriden as tinned articles. In 1820, he is also recorded as a manufacturer of Japan tin lamps and lamps of every description. In the Meriden tax records, he is listed with 5 factories in town, with 4 houses and hundreds of acres of land. From 1830 to 1831, he is listed as a lamp manufacturer in New York, dealing with the Griswolds.

From 1826 or 1827, he was in business with his son, Gen. Edwin R. Yale, later proprietor of the largest hotel in America in Manhattan, and of another hotel in Brooklyn Heights. In 1832 and 1833, William Yale is recorded as the Justice of the Peace of Meriden, and Commissioner on turnpike, roads, bridges, ferries and others. His son Samuel III became a manufacturer of Britannia metal, spoons and coffee mills, and complained of his inability to sell buttons and spoons because of the lifting embargo, which was affected by the War of 1812.

Samuel thereafter did business with Isaac Curtis Lewis, founder of the Meriden Britannia Company. His uncles Hiram and Charles Yale were also the employer of Samuel Simpson, founder of Simpson, Hall, Miller & Co., and husband of Mary Yale, daughter of John Yale, a cousin. Hiram's work is now featured at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. William Yale's nephew, Senator Charles Dwight Yale, became a large shareholder and treasurer of Simpson's enterprise. He also had a niece, Sarah Yale, who married to Senator Edgar Atwater, and was aunt-in-law of Judge William Gardner Choate.

Charles Yale, William's brother, would later expand the Brtiannia businesses and establish stores in New York, Richmond, Virginia, and other business centers. He was a pioneer of the industry which later became the Wilcox Silver Plate Co. and International Silver Company of Meriden and Wallingford. In addition, he served in the Connecticut state legislature. William Yale was elected to the Connecticut State House of Representatives from Meriden in 1825, with Oliver Wolcott Jr. as Governor of Connecticut. Another brother named Samuel also owned 12 houses in Meriden, a few factories, and was a board director and cofounder of the Meriden National Bank with Major General Walter Booth, Ashbel Griswold and Yale lawyer Silas Mix, Governor Edwards's secretary. The bank is the oldest in Meriden, and began its business with $100,000 in capital in 1833 from William Yale's home, later relocated to a newly built bank building on Broad Street.

## Death

William Yale married Mary Johnson of Wallingford, on November 20, 1803, by whom he had 13 children. Among his notable children were :

William Yale died on January 23, 1833, aged 49 years. His enterprises were succeeded by his son Gen. Yale.


title: List of mayors of Viterbo

abstract: The Mayor of Viterbo is an elected politician who, along with the Viterbo's City Council, is accountable for the strategic government of Viterbo in Lazio, Italy. The current mayor is Chiara Frontini, a centre-right independent, who took office on 27 June 2022.

text:
# List of mayors of Viterbo

The **Mayor of Viterbo** is an elected politician who, along with the Viterbo's City Council, is accountable for the strategic government of Viterbo in Lazio, Italy. The current mayor is Chiara Frontini, a centre-right independent, who took office on 27 June 2022.

## Overview

According to the Italian Constitution, the Mayor of Viterbo is member of the City Council.

The Mayor is elected by the population of Viterbo, who also elects the members of the City Council, controlling the Mayor's policy guidelines and is able to enforce his resignation by a motion of no confidence. The Mayor is entitled to appoint and release the members of his government.

Since 1993 the Mayor is elected directly by Viterbo's electorate: in all mayoral elections in Italy in cities with a population higher than 15,000 the voters express a direct choice for the mayor or an indirect choice voting for the party of the candidate's coalition. If no candidate receives at least 50% of votes, the top two candidates go to a second round after two weeks. The election of the City Council is based on a direct choice for the candidate with a preference vote: the candidate with the majority of the preferences is elected. The number of the seats for each party is determined proportionally.

## Italian Republic (since 1946)

### City Council election (1946-1995)

From 1946 to 1995, the Mayor of Viterbo was elected by the City's Council.

|  | Mayor | Term start | Term end | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Felice Mignone | 1946 | 1956 | Christian Democracy |
| 2 | Domenico Smargiassi | 1956 | 1965 | Christian Democracy |
| 3 | Giuseppe Benigni | 1965 | 1966 | Christian Democracy |
| 4 | Salvatore Arena | 1966 | 1970 | Christian Democracy |
| 5 | Santino Clementi | 1970 | 1970 | Christian Democracy |
| 6 | Rodolfo Gigli | 1970 | 1975 | Christian Democracy |
| 7 | Rosato Rosati | 1975 | 1983 | Christian Democracy |
| 8 | Silvio Ascenzi | 1983 | 1986 | Christian Democracy |
| 9 | Francesco Pio Marcoccia | 1986 | 1989 | Christian Democracy |
| 10 | Giuseppe Fioroni | 1989 | 1995 | Christian Democracy |
|

### Direct election (since 1995)

Since 1995, under provisions of new local administration law, the Mayor of Viterbo is chosen by direct election.

|  | Mayor | Term start | Term end | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 11 | Marcello Meroi | 27 May 1995 | 13 June 1999 | National Alliance |
| 12 | Giancarlo Gabbianelli | 13 June 1999 | 13 June 2004 | National Alliance |
| | 13 June 2004 | 26 February 2008 | |
| 13 | Giulio Marini | 30 April 2008 | 12 June 2013 | The People of Freedom |
| 14 | Leonardo Michelini | 12 June 2013 | 27 June 2018 | Independent (centre-left) |
| 15 | Giovanni Arena | 27 June 2018 | 27 December 2021 | Forza Italia |
| 16 | Chiara Frontini | 27 June 2022 | *Incumbent* | Independent (centre-right) |
|

### Timeline

## InfoBox

| Mayor of Viterbo | |
| --- | --- |
| *Sindaco di Viterbo* | |
|  | |
| Incumbent
Chiara Frontini (Centre-right independent)
since 27 June 2022 | |
| Appointer | Popular election |
| Term length | 5 years, renewable once |
| Formation | 1870 |
| Website | Official website |


title: 1986 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships

abstract: The 1986 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships, also known as the 1986 Volvo Tennis Hall of Fame Championships for sponsorship reasons, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts and part of the Nabisco Grand Prix circuit. held. It was the 11th edition of the tournament and was held at the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, USA from July 7 through July 13, 1986. Unseeded Bill Scanlon won the singles title and $20,000 first prize money.

text:
# 1986 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships

The **1986 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships**, also known as the **1986 Volvo Tennis Hall of Fame Championships** for sponsorship reasons, was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts and part of the Nabisco Grand Prix circuit. held. It was the 11th edition of the tournament and was held at the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island, USA from July 7 through July 13, 1986. Unseeded Bill Scanlon won the singles title and $20,000 first prize money.

## Finals

### Singles

Bill Scanlon defeated  Tim Wilkison 7–5, 6–4

* It was Scanlon's 1st singles title of the year and the 6th and last of his career.

### Doubles

Vijay Amritraj /  Tim Wilkison defeated  Eddie Edwards /  Francisco González 4–6, 7–5, 7–6

## InfoBox

| 1986 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | July 7–13, 1986 |
| Edition | 11th |
| Category | Grand Prix |
| Draw | 32S/16D |
| Prize money | $100,000 |
| Surface | Grass / outdoor |
| Location | Newport, Rhode Island, U.S. |
| Venue | International Tennis Hall of Fame |
| Champions | |
| Singles | |
| Bill Scanlon | |
| Doubles | |
| Vijay Amritraj /  Tim Wilkison | |
|  | |


title: Time Bomb (Demolition Hammer album)

abstract: Time Bomb is the third album by the American metal band Demolition Hammer, Released on August 23, 1994. It is the only Demolition Hammer album to feature drummer Alex Marquez, as well as the only one not to feature guitarist James Reilly and drummer Vinny Daze, the two of whom had left the band in order to form the short-lived group Deviate NY. Time Bomb was not originally intended to be released under the Demolition Hammer name, given its musical difference from the band's earlier work. It was their last studio album before their 21-year breakup from 1995 to 2016. The entirety of the album's brief, untitled opening track was taken from the 1981 film Prince Of The City. "Under The Table" features a number of samples taken from movies including the 1973 film Serpico and the 1983 film Scarface. The album presented a change in style for the band, from the death/thrash metal sound of the first two albums to a slower groove metal style.

text:
# Time Bomb (Demolition Hammer album)

***Time Bomb*** is the third album by the American metal band Demolition Hammer, Released on August 23, 1994. It is the only Demolition Hammer album to feature drummer Alex Marquez, as well as the only one not to feature guitarist James Reilly and drummer Vinny Daze, the two of whom had left the band in order to form the short-lived group Deviate NY. *Time Bomb* was not originally intended to be released under the Demolition Hammer name, given its musical difference from the band's earlier work. It was their last studio album before their 21-year breakup from 1995 to 2016.

The entirety of the album's brief, untitled opening track was taken from the 1981 film Prince Of The City. "Under The Table" features a number of samples taken from movies including the 1973 film Serpico and the 1983 film Scarface.

The album presented a change in style for the band, from the death/thrash metal sound of the first two albums to a slower groove metal style.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Untitled" | 0:16 |
| 2. | "Under the Table" | 3:23 |
| 3. | "Power Struggle" | 5:00 |
| 4. | "Mindrot" | 3:16 |
| 5. | "Bread and Water" | 3:42 |
| 6. | "Missing: 5/7/89" | 3:51 |
| 7. | "Waste" | 3:36 |
| 8. | "Unidentified" | 3:48 |
| 9. | "Blowtorch" | 3:43 |
| 10. | "Mongoloid" (Devo cover) | 3:32 |
| 11. | "Time Bomb" | 3:15 |

## Personnel

* Steve Reynolds: Bass, vocals
* Derek Sykes: Guitar
* Alex Marquez: Drums

## InfoBox

| Time Bomb | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Demolition Hammer | |
| Released | August 23, 1994 |
| Genre | Groove metal |
| Length | 37:26 |
| Label | Century Media |
| Producer | Steve Evetts |
| Demolition Hammer chronology | |
| *Epidemic of Violence*
(1992) ***Time Bomb***
(1994) | |


title: Padre Bernardo

abstract: Padre Bernardo is a municipality located in the state of Goiás, Brazil.

text:
# Padre Bernardo

**Padre Bernardo** is a municipality located in the state of Goiás, Brazil.

## Location

Padre Bernardo is located 42 km north of the boundary with the Federal District. It has boundaries with the following municipalities:

## The Economy

The main economic activities are cattle raising and growing of corn and soybeans. Local commerce, with restaurants, bars, clothing and shoe shops, banks, supermarkets, among others, supply the basic necessities of the population. There are small industries of brick making, milk produces and clothing manufacturing. The largest employer in the town was the government. There were 02 bank branches in August 2007.

In 2006 there were 137,000 head of cattle. The main agricultural products were rice, bananas, sugarcane, beans, coconuts, oranges, lemons, manioc, corn, and soybeans (11,000 hectares in 2006). Seplan

**Agricultural data 2006**

* Farms: 1,113
* Total area: 198,109 ha.
* Area of permanent crops: 1,462 ha.
* Area of perennial crops: 31,490 ha.
* Area of natural pasture: 124,040 ha.
* Area of woodland and forests: 35,582 ha.
* Persons dependent on farming: 3,400
* Number of tractors: 318
* Cattle herd: 137,000 IBGE

## Health and Education

In 2006 there were 26 schools with 8,495 students enrolled. The literacy rate was 82.6% in 2000. In 2007 there was 01 hospital with 27 beds. The infant mortality rate was 30.06% in 2000. The Municipal Human Development Index rating was 0.705 in 2000. Seplan

* State ranking: 204 (out of 242 municipalities)
* National ranking: 2,909 (out of 5,507 municipalities) For the complete list see Frigoletto.com

https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/go/padre-bernardo/panorama

https://www.padrebernardo.go.gov.br/

## InfoBox

| Padre Bernardo | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
| Location in Goiás state | |
| Padre BernardoLocation in Brazil | |
| Coordinates: 15°9′55.685″S 48°17′24.968″W / 15.16546806°S 48.29026889°W / -15.16546806; -48.29026889 | |
| Country | Brazil |
| Region | Central-West |
| State | Goiás |
| Microregion | Entorno do Distrito Federal |
| Area | |
| Total | 3,137.9 km2 (1,211.5 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 629 m (2,064 ft) |
| Population (2020 ) | |
| Total | 34,430 |
| Density | 11/km2 (28/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |
| Postal code | 73700-000 |
| Website | https://www.padrebernardo.go.gov.br/ |


title: Nowy Gaj, Łódź Voivodeship

abstract: Nowy Gaj is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Góra Świętej Małgorzaty, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Góra Świętej Małgorzaty, 13 km (8 mi) east of Łęczyca, and 32 km (20 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

text:
# Nowy Gaj, Łódź Voivodeship

**Nowy Gaj** (Polish pronunciation: \[ˈnɔvɨ ˈɡaj\]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Góra Świętej Małgorzaty, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) east of Góra Świętej Małgorzaty, 13 km (8 mi) east of Łęczyca, and 32 km (20 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

## InfoBox

| Nowy Gaj | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Nowy Gaj | |
| Coordinates: 52°4′N 19°23′E / 52.067°N 19.383°E / 52.067; 19.383 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Łęczyca |
| Gmina | Góra Świętej Małgorzaty |


title: Oscar Hans

abstract: Oscar Hans was a German war criminal, leader of a SS-Sonderkommando during the occupation of Norway. He was born in Volmeringen, Lorraine, German Empire. Hans led the execution of more than 300 persons during the war years, including 195 persons executed at Trandumskogen in Ullensaker. His first job was the executions of Viggo Hansteen and Rolf Wickstrøm in September 1941, following a court-martial after the milk strike in Oslo. After the war he was initially sentenced to death, but he successfully appealed his sentence. The Supreme Court of Norway concluded that he could not have known he was acting in violation of certain treaties. The Supreme Court also expelled him from Norway, and he was later His tried by a British military court in Hamburg for the execution of six British prisoners of war. The trial held on 18–22 August 1948. Hans was sentenced to death, but then had his sentence commuted to 15 years. He was released in April 1954.

text:
# Oscar Hans

**Oscar Hans** (born 6 February 1910, date of death unknown) was a German war criminal, leader of a SS-Sonderkommando during the occupation of Norway. He was born in Volmeringen, Lorraine, German Empire.

Hans led the execution of more than 300 persons during the war years, including 195 persons executed at Trandumskogen in Ullensaker. His first job was the executions of Viggo Hansteen and Rolf Wickstrøm in September 1941, following a court-martial after the milk strike in Oslo. After the war he was initially sentenced to death, but he successfully appealed his sentence. The Supreme Court of Norway concluded that he could not have known he was acting in violation of certain treaties. The Supreme Court also expelled him from Norway, and he was later His tried by a British military court in Hamburg for the execution of six British prisoners of war. The trial held on 18–22 August 1948. Hans was sentenced to death, but then had his sentence commuted to 15 years. He was released in April 1954.

## Further reading


title: Utricularia spiralis

abstract: Utricularia spiralis is a medium to large-sized, probably perennial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus Utricularia. It is endemic to tropical Africa and can be found in Angola, Burundi, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Guinea, Liberia, Malawi, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, and Zambia. U. spiralis grows as a terrestrial plant in swamps or marshes in peaty or sandy soils at altitudes from sea level to 1,860 m (6,102 ft). It was originally described by James Edward Smith in 1819.

text:
# Utricularia spiralis

***Utricularia spiralis*** is a medium to large-sized, probably perennial carnivorous plant that belongs to the genus *Utricularia*. It is endemic to tropical Africa and can be found in Angola, Burundi, Chad, Côte d'Ivoire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Guinea, Liberia, Malawi, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, and Zambia. *U. spiralis* grows as a terrestrial plant in swamps or marshes in peaty or sandy soils at altitudes from sea level to 1,860 m (6,102 ft). It was originally described by James Edward Smith in 1819.

* *Utricularia spiralis* in Brunken, U., Schmidt, M., Dressler, S., Janssen, T., Thiombiano, A. & Zizka, G. 2008. West African plants - A Photo Guide. www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de.

## InfoBox

| *Utricularia spiralis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Lentibulariaceae |
| Genus: | *Utricularia* |
| Subgenus: | *Utricularia* subg. *Bivalvaria* |
| Section: | *Utricularia sect. Oligocista* |
| Species: | ***U. spiralis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Utricularia spiralis***<br>Sm. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
|  | |


title: Super Matsukaze

abstract: Super Matsukaze The Super Matsukaze (スーパーまつかぜ) is a limited express train service in Japan operated by JR West which runs from Tottori and Yonago to Masuda.

text:
# Super Matsukaze

The ***Super Matsukaze*** (スーパーまつかぜ) is a limited express train service in Japan operated by JR West which runs from Tottori and Yonago to Masuda.

## Stops

Trains stop at the following stations:

Tottori \- Tottoridaigakumae \- Kurayoshi \- (Hōki-Daisen) - Yonago \- (Yasugi) - Matsue \- (Tamatsukuri-Onsen) - (Shinji) - Izumoshi \- (Nishi-Izumo) - Ōdashi \- (Nima) - (Yunotsu) - Gōtsu \- (Hashi) - Hamada \- (Miho-Misumi) - Masuda

Stations in brackets () indicate stations where not all trains stop at.

* JTB Timetable, March 2009 issue

## InfoBox

*Super Matsukaze*
| KiHa 187 series on a *Super Matsukaze* service in March 2024 | |
| --- | --- |
| Overview | |
| Service type | Limited express |
| Status | Operational |
| First service | 2001 |
| Current operator(s) | JR West |
| Route | |
| Termini | Tottori, Yonago
Masuda |
| Stops | 19 |
| Distance travelled | 191.5 km (119.0 mi) (Yonago - Masuda)
284.2 km (176.6 mi) (Tottori - Masuda) |
| Average journey time | 4 hours approx |
| Service frequency | 7 return workings daily |
| Line(s) used | Sanin Main Line |
| On-board services | |
| Class(es) | Standard only |
| Disabled access | Yes |
| Sleeping arrangements | None |
| Catering facilities | None |
| Observation facilities | None |
| Entertainment facilities | None |
| Other facilities | Toilet |
| Technical | |
| Rolling stock | KiHa 187 series DMU |
| Electrification | Diesel |
| Operating speed | 120 km/h (75 mph) (max) |
| Track owner(s) | JR West |


title: Wings of Youth (1940 film)

abstract: Wings of Youth is a 1940 Canadian short documentary film, part of the Canada Carries On series of short films by the National Film Board of Canada. The film was directed by Raymond Spottiswoode, produced by Stuart Legg and narrated by Lorne Greene.

text:
# Wings of Youth (1940 film)

***Wings of Youth*** (*Notre jeunesse ailée*) is a 1940 Canadian short documentary film, part of the *Canada Carries On* series of short films by the National Film Board of Canada. The film was directed by Raymond Spottiswoode, produced by Stuart Legg and narrated by Lorne Greene.

## Synopsis

During the First World War, Canadian aviators made their mark as combat pilots. After the war, many of them became part of the Royal Canadian Air Force, taking on peacetime roles of mapping the frontiers and forest fire patrols. Bush pilots built a system of commercial flying that led to Trans-Canada Air Lines, a transcontinental airline. When war came again, veterans took on the task of training a new generation of aviators in the Commonwealth Air Training Plan.

While youth sign up and begin training, the Commonwealth Air Training Plan bases are being constructed across the country. In Canadian aircraft factories, training aircraft such as the North American Harvard are being manufactured to add to those sent from Great Britain, including the Fairey Battle and Avro Anson. To train for the modern aerial combat environment, pilots undergo a rigorous ground training program that includes classroom work, high altitude chambers and Link Trainer simulation sessions. After initial flying training, the successful candidates complete a solo flight in the Canadian designed and built Fleet Finch trainer, before going on to advanced flight training.

Other air crew learn how to navigate, drop armament and fire weapons in other simulated training programs. Mechanics also have to learn all the skills required to repair and maintain an aircraft. When pilots, ground crew and air crew trainees have completed their training, they receive their "wings" at a special graduation ceremony often presided over by high ranking RCAF officers, such as Air Marshal Billy Bishop.

## Production

*Wings of Youth* was part of the *Canada Carries On* series, produced with financial backing from the Wartime Information Board in partnership with Audio Pictures Limited, which acted as a co-producer. The documentary was created as a morale boosting propaganda film during the Second World War.

The narrator of *Wings of Youth* was Lorne Greene, known for his work on both radio broadcasts as a news announcer at *CBC* as well as narrating many of the *Canada Carries On* series. His sonorous recitation led to his nickname, "The Voice of Canada", and to some observers, the "voice-of-God". When reading grim battle statistics or as in *Warclouds in the Pacific*, narrating a particularly serious topic such as Canada going to war, he was "The Voice of Doom".

## Cast

* Billy Bishop
* Fidel Carrière, trainee
* Wilf Matthews, trainee
* Jack Linnes, trainee
* Harry Briggio, trainee

## Reception

As part of the *Canada Carries On* series, *Wings of Youth* was produced in 35 mm for the theatrical market. Each film was shown over a six-month period as part of the shorts or newsreel segments in approximately 800 theatres across Canada. Along with others in the *Canada Carries On* series, *Wings of Youth* received widespread circulation.

The NFB had an arrangement with Famous Players theatres to ensure that Canadians from coast-to-coast could see the documentary series, with further distribution by Columbia Pictures. After the six-month theatrical tour ended, individual films were made available on 16 mm to schools, libraries, churches and factories, extending the life of these films for another year or two. They were also made available to film libraries operated by university and provincial authorities.

### Notes

### Bibliography

* Aitken, Iann. *The Concise Routledge Encyclopedia of the Documentary Film*. London: Routledge, 2013. ISBN 978-0-4155-9642-8.
* Bennett, Linda Greene. *My Father's Voice: The Biography of Lorne Greene*. Bloomington, Indiana: iUniverse, Inc., 2004. ISBN 978-0-595-33283-0.
* Ellis, Jack C. and Betsy A. McLane. *New History of Documentary Film*. London: Continuum International Publishing Group, 2005. ISBN 0-8264-1750-7.
* Rist, Peter. *Guide to the Cinema(s) of Canada*. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 2001. ISBN 978-0-3132-9931-5.

## InfoBox

| Wings of Youth | |
| --- | --- |
| Screenshot: Title frame | |
| Directed by | Raymond Spottiswoode |
| Written by | Graham McInnes |
| Produced by | Stuart Legg |
| Starring | Billy Bishop |
| Narrated by | Lorne Greene |
| Cinematography | Roger Barlow |
| Music by | Lucio Agostini |
| Production<br>companies |  |
| Distributed by |  |
| Release date | * 1940 (1940) |
| Running time | 19 min. |
| Country | Canada |
| Language | English |


title: List of mayors of Vlorë

abstract: This is a list of mayors of Vlorë who have served since the Albanian Declaration of Independence of 1912.

text:
# List of mayors of Vlorë

This is a **list of mayors** of Vlorë who have served since the Albanian Declaration of Independence of 1912.

## Mayors (1912–present)

| **No.** | **Name** | **Term in office** | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Abas Mezini | 1912 | 1913 |
| 2 | Ibrahim Abdullahu | 1913 | 1914 |
| 3 | Osmen Haxhiu | 1915 | 1915 |
| 4 | Ali Asllani | 1918 | 1920 |
| 5 | Abas Mezini | 1920 | 1922 |
| 6 | Qazim Kokoshi | 1922 | 1924 |
| 7 | Nuredin Vlora | 1925 | 1927 |
| 8 | Zyhdi Karagjozi | 1927 | 1928 |
| 9 | Arshi Xhindi | 1928 | 1932 |
| 10 | Abedin Nepravishta | 1932 | 1933 |
| 11 | Tef Naraçi | 1933 | 1934 |
| 12 | Ali Asllani | 1934 | 1939 |
| 13 | Kristaq Strati | 1939 | 1942 |
| 14 | Nexhip Koka | 1942 | 1943 |
| 15 | Enver Taraku | 1943 | 1943 |
| 16 | Muhedin Haxhiu | 1943 | 1944 |
| *Executive Committee (1944–1992)* | | | | | | | |
| 17 | Elham Sharra | 1992 | 1996 |
| 18 | Gëzim Zilja | 1996 | 1997 |
| 19 | Agron Shehu, Tare Hamo | 1997 | 1998 |
| 20 | David Tushe, Neki Dredha | 1998 | 2000 |
| 21 | Niko Veizaj | 2000 | 2003 |
| 22 | Shpëtim Gjika | 2003 | 2015 |
| 23 | Dritan Leli | 2015 | 2023 |
| 24 | Ermal Dredha | 2023 | *Incumbent* |
|


title: Timpani Records

abstract: Timpani is a French classical music record label established in 1990 by Stéphane Topakian. The label issued over 200 discs over 20 years, mainly of unknown 20th Century French classical music. The label and catalogue are now distributed by Naïve Records. In addition to French composers the label also released recordings for the French Wilhelm Furtwängler Society. In 2018, the label slipped into insolvency, and their website went up for sale.

text:
# Timpani Records

**Timpani** is a French classical music record label established in 1990 by Stéphane Topakian. The label issued over 200 discs over 20 years, mainly of unknown 20th Century French classical music. The label and catalogue are now distributed by Naïve Records. In addition to French composers the label also released recordings for the French Wilhelm Furtwängler Society. In 2018, the label slipped into insolvency, and their website went up for sale.

## Notable recordings

Almost the entire catalogue of Timpani consists of recording premieres. Among the most recognised releases were:


title: Pabung Syam

abstract: Pabung Syam is a 2021 Manipuri documentary film directed by Haobam Paban Kumar. It is produced by Films Division of India. The film was selected in the non-feature section of the Indian Panorama at the 52nd International Film Festival of India 2021. It won the Best Biographical Film award at the 68th National Film Awards. Pabung Syam got selection at the 17th Mumbai International Film Festival for Documentary, Short Fiction and Animation films (MIFF) 2022. The film was also screened at the 8th International Film Festival of Shimla 2022 and at the Sangai Film Festival 2022, which was organised as a part of the Manipur Sangai Festival.

text:
# Pabung Syam

***Pabung Syam*** is a 2021 Manipuri documentary film directed by Haobam Paban Kumar. It is produced by Films Division of India. The film was selected in the non-feature section of the Indian Panorama at the 52nd International Film Festival of India 2021. It won the Best Biographical Film award at the 68th National Film Awards.

*Pabung Syam* got selection at the 17th Mumbai International Film Festival for Documentary, Short Fiction and Animation films (MIFF) 2022. The film was also screened at the 8th International Film Festival of Shimla 2022 and at the Sangai Film Festival 2022, which was organised as a part of the Manipur Sangai Festival.

## Synopsis

The film takes a look at the life and work of Pabung Aribam Syam Sharma through the eyes of one of his admirers and students.

## Accolades

| Award | Category | Winner's name | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 14th Manipur State Film Awards 2022 | Best Biographical Film | Films Division, Mumbai (Producer)
Haobam Paban Kumar (Director) | Won |  |
| | Best Editor | Sankha | Won | |
| | Best Director | Haobam Paban Kumar | Won | |
| 68th National Film Awards | Best Biographical Film | Films Division, Mumbai (Producer)
Haobam Paban Kumar (Director) | Won |  |

## InfoBox

| Pabung Syam | |
| --- | --- |
| Poster | |
| Directed by | Haobam Paban Kumar |
| Produced by | Films Division of India |
| Cinematography | Irom Maipak |
| Edited by | Sankha |
| Music by | Sukanta Majumdar |
| Production
company | Films Division of India |
| Release date | * November 2021 (2021-11)  (IFFI) |
| Running time | 52 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Meiteilon (Manipuri) |