title: The War Rafts of Kron

abstract: The War Rafts of Kron (ISBN 0-88038-114-0) is a 1984 adventure module for the Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying game.

text:
# The War Rafts of Kron

***The War Rafts of Kron*** (ISBN 0-88038-114-0) is a 1984 adventure module for the *Dungeons & Dragons* roleplaying game.

## Synopsis

*The War Rafts of Kron* is an adventure scenario that takes place on the sea and below its surface. The module includes rules for playing underwater and details both the "war rafts" and the underwater city of Colhador.

The module's introductory section includes rules for underwater events and encounters. The next section introduces the adventure and informs the player characters that for completing the adventure they will be awarded their own tropical island, but also warns that many have tried and failed. The player characters must discover the guilty party that has been raiding vessels on the High Seas, disrupting shipping and capturing a local princess. They will travel deep into the monster infested Sea of Dread.

The sea-bound Minrothad Guilds hire the player characters for a delicate task. For months the sea trade routes have been raided by pirates, but their latest success stirs great political unrest, for the princess of Ierendi has disappeared during her voyage on one of the Guild's ships. The player characters set out to the open sea, only to fall prey to the pirates. With the aid of a storm giant, they must discover the plot behind these raids. Set both on the floating sea city of Kron and an undersea city inhabited by tritons, it involves an ancient evil in the sunken city of Colhador.

## Publication history

*The War Rafts of Kron* was written by Bruce Nesmith, with a cover by Larry Elmore and interior illustrations by Jeff Butler. It was published by TSR in 1984 as a 32-page booklet with an outer folder.

The associated code for *The War Rafts of Kron* is **X7** and its TSR product code is TSR 9079. This module was developed and intended for use with Dungeons & Dragon's *Expert Set* rules.

### Credits

The production team consisted of six individuals:

## Reception

Graham Staplehurst reviewed *The War Rafts of Kron* for *White Dwarf* #70, and gave it 8/10 overall, noting that the module is a "departure from the normal idea of adventuring" as it takes the characters underwater. Staplehurst felt that the designers made "Good use of imagination and fantasy", which provides "unusual and exciting play situations to last a number of sessions". Staplehurst concluded the review stating, "There is also a carefully worked out background which allows characters to move freely between encounters and work things out for themselves rather than be channelled from one to another in series. Overall, this is a worthwhile contribution to the *D&D* stable."

## InfoBox

*War Rafts of Kron*
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Code | X7 |
| TSR product code | 9079 |
| Rules required | *Dungeons & Dragons* |
| Character levels | 9 - 12 |
| Campaign setting | X |
| Authors | Bruce Nesmith |
| First published | 1984 |
| Linked modules | |
| X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, XL1, XSOLO, XS2 | |


title: Omnidirectional (360-degree) camera

abstract:
In photography, an omnidirectional camera, also known as 360-degree camera, is a camera having a field of view that covers approximately the entire sphere or at least a full circle in the horizontal plane.
Omnidirectional cameras are important in areas where large visual field coverage is needed, such as in panoramic photography and robotics.

text:
# Omnidirectional (360-degree) camera

In photography, an **omnidirectional camera** (from "omni", meaning all), also known as **360-degree camera**, is a camera having a field of view that covers approximately the entire sphere or at least a full circle in the horizontal plane. Omnidirectional cameras are important in areas where large visual field coverage is needed, such as in panoramic photography and robotics.

## Overview

A camera normally has a field of view that ranges from a few degrees to, at most, 180°. This means that it captures, at most, light falling onto the camera focal point through a hemisphere. In contrast, an *ideal* omnidirectional camera captures light from all directions falling onto the focal point, covering a full sphere. In practice, however, most omnidirectional cameras do not cover the entire sphere. Many cameras which are referred to as omnidirectional cover the full 360° along the equator of the sphere but exclude the top and bottom. In the case that they do cover the full sphere, the captured light rays do not intersect exactly in a single focal point.

Various techniques can be used to generate 360-degree images.

### Cameras with one lens

These models are used with a fisheye lens. The lens bends the angle of the shot to take a larger radius of the selected subject. It is not possible to take a complete 360-degree picture with this technique because there is always a dead angle directly behind the lens.

### Cameras with two lenses (Dual Fisheye)

360-degree cameras with two lenses are probably the most common type, as they can accommodate a full 360-degree angle with two lenses facing each other. A camera takes pictures and videos with an angle of just over 180 degrees, e.g. 220 degrees. These are then converted into a 360-degree object using software. Problems are often caused by stitching errors that can happen at any given time. This means that an incorrect combination of the images can result in an unclean cut edge that is difficult or impossible to remove.

### Cameras with more than two lenses

Depending on the application, manufacturers use more than two camera lenses to produce the images. One of the first cameras was Sony' Fourthview multihead camera and the throwing camera, Panono. It has 36 cameras, which are triggered at the same time at the highest point, if the camera was thrown into the air. The more lenses are installed in the camera, the more difficult it becomes for the software to combine the individual images, however, the possible stitching problems are less with a good stitching.

### Camera rigs

Camera rigs are mostly used for the attachment of 6 conventional Actioncams. GoPro produced one of the first camera rigs. They are available in different versions and connect several single cameras. The cameras are placed in this cube and record the surroundings in all directions.

### Mosaic based cameras

If several "normal" cameras are combined in a network, one speaks of mosaic-based cameras. Each of these cameras records a small area of the environment. The individual images are then joined together like mosaic stones to form an omnidirectional overall image. The number of cameras to be used depends on the focal length of the lenses used. The smaller the focal length, the larger the angle of view and the fewer cameras are required.

## Applications

### Cars

Cars with omnidirectional camera include Nissan Qashqai, Volvo S90, Range Rover, Peugeot 3008 and Kia Stinger.

### Panoramic art

Traditional approaches to panoramic photography mainly consists of stitching shots taken separately into a single, continuous image. The stitching of images, however, is computationally intensive (for example using the RANSAC iterative algorithm, commonly used to solve the correspondence problem), and depending upon the quality and consistency of the shots used, the resulting image might contain a number of deficiencies which impair the quality of the resulting image. In contrast, an omnidirectional camera can be used to create panoramic art in real time, without the need for post processing, and will typically give much better quality products.

In 2015 Facebook began rolling out omnidirectional videos where the user can view the video at any arbitrary camera angle around a 360-degree radius and limited tilt up-and-down angles.

### Robotics and computer vision

In robotics, omnidirectional cameras are frequently used for visual odometry and to solve simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problems visually. Due to its ability to capture a 360-degree view, better results can be obtained for optical flow and feature selection and matching.

### Real Estate

360 cameras have become extremely popular within the real estate industry. With more and more homes being purchased sight-unseen, 360 camera technology has offered a way for prospective home buyers to tour the home without having to be there in person. There are even 360 cameras on the market that have been created with real estate as the main subject in mind.

### Miscellaneous

Applications of omnidirectional cameras also include 3D reconstruction and surveillance, when it is important to cover as large a visual field as possible. Microsoft RoundTable was introduced in 2007 for videoconferencing, where all participants on one location can be in the same image.

## Products

Several implementations of omnidirectional (360-degree) cameras exist, including two opposing fisheye lens configurations and cameras with more than 30 separate lenses.

There have been fly-by-night companies that have produced prototypes and collected 'backers' on Kickstarter but have not delivered to end-users.

More established 360-camera manufacturers currently actively producing and supporting hardware as of March 2020 include:

Frequent new models and quality improvements in consumer-marketed 360-cameras are blurring the line between the professional and consumer market.


abstract: The Netherlands participated in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2022 in Yerevan, Armenia. National broadcaster AVROTROS was responsible for the participation and selected the nation's entrant, Luna with the song "La festa", via national final Junior Songfestival 2022.

text:
# Netherlands in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2022

The Netherlands participated in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2022 in Yerevan, Armenia. National broadcaster AVROTROS was responsible for the participation and selected the nation's entrant, Luna with the song "La festa", via national final *Junior Songfestival 2022*.

## Background

The Netherlands is the only country to have participated in every edition of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest since the inaugural 2003 edition. The Netherlands have won the contest on one occasion: in 2009 with the song "Click Clack", performed by Ralf Mackenbach. In the 2021 contest in Paris, France, Ayana represented the Netherlands with the song "Mata Sugu Aō Ne", containing lyrics in Dutch, English and Japanese. She finished in 19th place with 43 points; the first last place result for the Netherlands.

## Before Junior Eurovision

### *Junior Songfestival 2022*

AVROTROS selected the Dutch representative through the televised national final *Junior Songfestival*, on 24 September 2022 at the RTM Stage in Rotterdam, a part of the Ahoy venue complex.

#### Competing entries

Following the 2021 edition of the competition, the submissions process was opened for singers who want to represent the Netherlands at the 2022 contest. Following a call for participants which closed in February, NPO Zapp revealed the list of singers who made it through to the auditions round in March 2022. The finalists were revealed on 10 and 17 June 2022, during two episodes published on the official *Junior Songfestival* YouTube channel. Twenty three acts past the audition stage and fourteen of them were selected to be the finalists of *Junior Songfestival 2022*. The four acts that will compete in the final of *Junior Songfestival 2022* were revealed on 24 June 2022. The line-up consists of three groups: a girl group, a boyband, a mixed group and a soloist, being the first line-up in over a decade in which this mix of performers has competed.

| Artist | Song | Songwriter(s) | Language(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| High5 | "Because I Know" | * Julian Vahle * Maxine van Breukelen | Dutch, English |
| Infinity | "Never Ever" | * Jermain van der Bogt * Willem Laseroms | Dutch, English |
| Luna | "La festa" | Robert Dorn | Dutch, English |
| Mixed Up | "It Doesn't Matter" | * Jermain van der Bogt * Willem Laseroms | Dutch, English |

#### Final

The final took place on 24 September 2022, hosted by Matheu Hinzen and Stefania. During the online voting window, the finalists performed a common theme song titled "Living in the Moment". The winner was determined through points given by a kids jury, a professional jury and public voting, each having equal weight. The kids jury consisted of *Junior Songfestival 2021* winner Ayana and finalists Shine and Priscilla, and the professional jury consisted of Chantal Janzen, Flemming and Glen Faria. Overall, the show had an average of 187,000 viewers with a share of 5.2%. The average number of viewers increased by 45,000 viewers compared to 2021 and the market share increased by 1.3%.

Junior Songfestival  24 September 2022
| Draw | Artist | Song | Points | | | | Place |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | Kids jury | Prof. jury | Online vote | Total | |
| 1 | Infinity | "Never Ever" | 8 | 8 | 8 | 24 | 4 |
| 2 | Mixed Up | "It Doesn't Matter" | 10 | 10 | 10 | 30 | 2 |
| 3 | High5 | "Because I Know" | 9 | 9 | 9 | 27 | 3 |
| 4 | Luna | "La festa" | 12 | 12 | 12 | 36 | 1 |

## At Junior Eurovision

After the opening ceremony, which took place on 5 December 2022, it was announced that the Netherlands would perform first on 11 December 2022 preceding Poland.

### Voting

The same voting system that was introduced in the 2017 edition was used, where the results were determined by 50% online voting and 50% jury voting. Every country had a national jury that consisted of three music industry professionals and two children aged between 10 and 15 who were citizens of the country they represented. The rankings of those jurors were combined to make an overall top ten.

The online voting consisted of two phases. The first phase of the online voting began on 9 December 2022 when a recap of all the rehearsal performances was shown on the contest's website *Junioreurovision.tv* before the viewers could vote. After this, voters also had the option to watch longer one-minute clips from each participant's rehearsal. This first round of voting ended on Sunday 11 December at 15:59 CET. The second phase of the online voting took place during the live show and began right after the last performance and was open for 15 minutes. International viewers were able vote for three songs. They were also able to vote for their own country's song. These votes were then turned into points which were determined by the percentage of votes received. For example, if a song received 10% of the votes, it received 10% of the available points.

#### Detailed voting results

|
|  |
Detailed voting results from the Netherlands
| Draw | Country | Juror A | Juror B | Juror C | Juror D | Juror E | Average Rank | Points Awarded |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 01 | Netherlands |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 02 | Poland | 11 | 5 | 8 | 11 | 5 | 9 | 2 |
| 03 | Kazakhstan | 15 | 10 | 14 | 15 | 15 | 14 |  |
| 04 | Malta | 14 | 14 | 15 | 13 | 14 | 15 |  |
| 05 | Italy | 12 | 9 | 13 | 5 | 12 | 11 |  |
| 06 | France | 5 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | **12** |
| 07 | Albania | 10 | 7 | 10 | 14 | 10 | 12 |  |
| 08 | Georgia | 2 | 4 | 2 | 7 | 6 | 3 | 8 |
| 09 | Ireland | 4 | 8 | 1 | 9 | 8 | 4 | 7 |
| 10 | North Macedonia | 3 | 6 | 12 | 10 | 13 | 10 | 1 |
| 11 | Spain | 13 | 15 | 6 | 3 | 3 | 8 | 3 |
| 12 | United Kingdom | 7 | 13 | 4 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 6 |
| 13 | Portugal | 9 | 3 | 7 | 4 | 9 | 7 | 4 |
| 14 | Serbia | 1 | 1 | 11 | 8 | 2 | 2 | 10 |
| 15 | Armenia | 6 | 12 | 3 | 6 | 4 | 6 | 5 |
| 16 | Ukraine | 8 | 11 | 9 | 12 | 11 | 13 |  |

## Notes and references

### Notes

### References

1. David López, José (21 August 2021). "BTRC from Belarus: "Junior Eurovision is highly important for us. We regret very much not be able to participate this year"". *ESCPlus*. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 28 June 2022. ... from this year 2021 The Netherlands will be the only country that has taken part every occasion.
2. "The Netherlands". *Junioreurovision.tv*. European Broadcasting Union. Archived from the original on 13 June 2022.
3. Granger, Anthony (20 December 2021). "Netherlands: Lowest Ever Junior Eurovision Viewing Figures". *Eurovoix*. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
4. "Junior Songfestival Finale 2022". *AVROTROS*. Archived from the original on 5 June 2022.
5. Christou, Costa (20 October 2021). "Netherlands open submissions for Junior Eurovision 2022". *ESCXTRA*. Archived from the original on 25 June 2022. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
6. Van Waarden, Franciska (7 December 2021). "Netherlands: Junior Songfestival 2022 Application Deadline Extended". *Eurovoix*. Archived from the original on 15 April 2022. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
7. "Wie mag er op auditie komen?" \[Who can audition?\]. *Zapp* (in Dutch). AVROTROS. 2 March 2022. Archived from the original on 19 March 2022.
8. J, Tim (16 June 2022). "🇳🇱 Junior Songfestival 2022 to take place on September 24". *That Eurovision Site*. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
9. Farren, Neil (17 June 2022). "🇳🇱 Netherlands: Junior Songfestival 2022 Line-Up Complete". *Eurovoix*. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
10. escppeurovision (10 June 2022). "#JESC22: First Finalists Of Junior Songfestival 2022 Announced". *Eurovision Ireland*. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
11. escppeurovision (19 June 2022). "#JESC22: Second & Final Set Of Finalists For Junior Songfestival 2022 Announced". *Eurovision Ireland*. Retrieved 5 July 2022.
12. Granger, Anthony (24 June 2022). "🇳🇱 Netherlands: Four Junior Songfestival 2022 Acts Revealed". *Eurovoix*. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
13. Mancheño, José Miguel (1 July 2022). "Escucha un avance de las canciones finalistas del Junior Songfestival 2022". *ESCplus España* (in Spanish). Retrieved 1 July 2022.
14. "DIT ZIJN DE NIEUWE PRESENTATOREN VAN HET JUNIOR SONGFESTIVAL". *Zapp*. Retrieved 11 August 2022.
15. *#9 FINALISTEN JSF 2022 - LIVING IN THE MOMENT 🎶 (OFFICIAL LYRICVIDEO) | JUNIOR SONGFESTIVAL 2022 🇳🇱*, retrieved 29 June 2022
16. *DIT IS DE VAKJURY!*, retrieved 13 September 2022
17. "DIT IS DE KINDERJURY!". *Zapp*. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
18. Granger, Anthony (25 September 2022). "🇳🇱 Netherlands: Junior Songfestival Viewing Audience Up For 2022". *Eurovoix*. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
19. "Junior Eurovision 2022: Running Order". *Junioreurovision.tv*. 5 December 2022.
20. Granger, Anthony (15 November 2018). "Junior Eurovision 2018 – How Does The Voting Work?". *Eurovoix*.
21. "Section 8  Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2022  Online Voting Terms and Conditions" (PDF). European Broadcasting Union. November 2022. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 November 2022.
22. "Results of the Grand Final of Yerevan 2022". European Broadcasting Union. Retrieved 11 December 2022.

## InfoBox

| Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2022 | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Netherlands |
| National selection | |
| Selection process | *Junior Songfestival 2022* |
| Selection date(s) | 24 September 2022 |
| Selected artist(s) | Luna |
| Selected song | "La festa" |
| Selected songwriter(s) | Robert Dorn |
| Finals performance | |
| Final result | 7th, 128 points |
| Netherlands in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest | |
| ◄2021 **2022** 2023► | |


title: List of Bangladeshi films of 2010

text:
# List of Bangladeshi films of 2010

This is a list of Bangladeshi films that were released in 2010.

## Releases

| Opening | Title | Director | Cast | Genre | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 January | *Takar Cheye Prem Boro* | Shahadat Hossain Liton | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas |  |  |  |
|  | *Panch Takar Prem* |  | Mamnun Hasan Emon, Resi |  |  |  |
|  | *Nag Naginir Shopno* | M M Sarker | Shakiba, Zayed Khan, Nazrul |  |  |  |
| 15 January | *Bajao Biyer Bajna* | Mohammad Hossain Jamie | Riaz, Apu Biswas, Nutan, Kayes Arju |  |  |  |
|  | *Arun Shanti* |  | Shayer Khan, Mitali |  |  |  |
| 15 January | *Jaago – Dare to Dream* | Khijir Hayat Khan | Ferdous Ahmed, Afsana Ara Bindu, Arifin Shuvoo, Tariq Anam Khan, Rownak Hasan, FS Nayeem | Sports, drama |  |  |
| 29 January | *Golapi Ekhon Bilatey* | Amjad Hossain | Moushumi, Mithun Chakraborty, Shabnur, Ferdous Ahmed | Drama |  |  |
| 29 January | *Doriya Parer Doulati* | Abdullah Al Mamun | Manna, Popy, Jasmin Parvez | Drama |  |  |
| 14 February | *Preme Porechi* | Shahadat Hossain Liton | Shakib Khan, Romana, Apu Biswas, Ali Raz, Asif Iqbal, Humayun Faridi | Romance |  |  |
|  | *Oshanto Mon* | Kazi Hayat | Kazi Maruf, Sahara, Swagata Bhattacharjee, Kazi Hayat, Misha | Romance, action |  |  |
|  | *Jibon Moroner Sathi* | Shahadat Hossain Liton | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas |  |  |  |
| 12 February | *Zamindar* | Shahin Sumon | Riaz, Purnima, Shimra, Rubel | Drama |  |  |
|  | *Shei Tufan* | Hafiz Uddin | Ilias Kanchan, Popy, Aman, Keya | Action |  |  |
|  | *Amar Shopno* | Kazi Hayat | Kazi Maruf, Purnima |  |  |  |
| 26 March | *Gohine Shobdo* | Khalid Mahmud Mithu | Mamnun Hasan Emon, Kushum Shikdar, Masum Aziz, Haidar Ali Khan | Drama, romance |  |  |
|  | *Amar Buker Modyokhane* | Shafi Iqbal | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas, Resi |  |  |  |
|  | *Maa Amar Jaan* |  | Kazi Maruf, Purnima |  |  |  |
|  | *Nijhum Aronye* |  | Shajal Noor, Badhon |  |  |  |
| 16 April | *Khoj: The Search* | Iftakar Chowdhury | Ananta Jalil, Afiea Nusrat Barsha, Bobby, Sohel Rana, Nino, Iftakar Chowdhury | Action |  |  |
|  | *Jonom Jonomer Prem* | Shahin Sumon | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas | Romance |  |  |
|  | *Tumi Amar Moner Manush* | Azadi Hashnat Firoz | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas |  |  |  |
|  | *Mayer Chokh* | Montazur Rahman Akbar | Purnima, Sirajul Islam Kiron, Dipjol, Resi |  |  |  |
|  | *Bhalobaslei Ghor Bandha Jay Na* | Jakir Hossain Raju | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas, Romana, Prabir Mitra, Khaleda Akter Kolpona | Romance |  |  |
|  | *Tumi Chara Bachi Na* |  | Amin Khan, Shanai, Kazi Hayat, Humayun Faridi |  |  |  |
|  | *Banglar Kingkong* | Iftekhar Jahan | Munmun, Danny Sedak, Shamin Osman, Afzal Sharif, Kazi Hayat |  |  |  |
|  | *Amar Maa Amar Ohonkar* |  | Kazi Maruf, Purnima |  |  |  |
|  | *Bhaolobeshe Morte Pari* | Badiul Alam Khokon | Shakib Khan, Sahara, Resi |  |  |  |
|  | *Jekhane Tumi Sekhane Ami* | Shawkat Jamil | Aman, Shabnur, Simla, Ilias Kanchan, Champa, Alamgir |  |  |  |
|  | *Chehara - Vondo 2* | Shahidul Islam Khokon | Shakib Khan, Resi |  |  |  |
| 2 July | *Amar Shopno Amar Songsar* | F I Manik | Amin Khan, Purnima, Resi, Dipjol | Romance |  |  |
| 2 July | *Premik Purush* | Rakibul Islam Rakib | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas, Romana |  |  |  |
|  | *Mayer Jonno Morte Pari* | Ahmed Nasir | Kazi Maruf, Sahara, Mamnun Hasan Emon, Resi, Dolly Jahur |  |  |  |
| 10 September | *Obujh Bou* | Nargis Akter | Ferdous Ahmed, Bobita, Nipun Akter, Shakil Khan, Priyanka | Romance, drama | Premiered on Channel i |  |
| 11 September | *Rickshawalar Chele* | Montazur Rahman Akbar | Dipjol, Resi, Shomrat, Romana, Razzak | Drama |  |  |
| 11 September | *Number One Shakib Khan* | Badiul Alam Khokon | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas, Anan |  |  |  |
| 11 September | *Nissash Amar Tumi* | Badiul Alam Khokon | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas |  |  |  |
| 11 September | *Chacchu Amar Chacchu* | PA Kajol | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas |  |  |  |
|  | *Boroloker Doshdin Gariber Ek din* | Kazi Hayat | Kazi Maruf, Sahara, Nirab Hossain, Nipun Akter, Misha Sawdagor, Rehana Jolly, Kazi Hayat, Suchorita |  |  |  |
|  | *Swami Amar Behesto* |  | Amin Khan, Popy |  |  |  |
|  | *Top Hero* | Montazur Rahman Akbar | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas |  |  |  |
| 15 October | *Mughal-E-Azam* | Mizanur Rahman Dipu | Manna, Shabnur, Sohel Rana, Nasima Khan, Tele Samad, Nasir Khan, Nasrin | History, drama |  |  |
| 22 October | *Bolo Na Tumi Amar* | M B Manik | Shakib Khan, Shokh, Nirab, Toma Mirza, Misha Sawdagor | Romance |  |  |
| 23 October | ...*Ebong Kanna* | Hossain Maruf | Ashok Bepari, Shafiqul Hayder | Drama | based on Akhteruzzaman Elias's short story "Kanna" |  |
| 29 October | *Jungle Dwiper Tarzan* | Sujaur Rahman Suja | Rony, Poly |  |  |  |
| 31 October | *Durbeen* | Zafor Firoze | Tamim, Zafor Firoze, Kaji Akhtarujjamn | Drama |  |  |
| 19 November | *Ek Joban* | F I Manik | Resi, Dipjol, Anwara, Joy Chowdhury, Lamia Mimo | Crime, drama |  |  |
| 19 November | *Poran Jai Jaliya Re* | Sohanur Rahman Sohan | Shakib Khan, Purnima, Romana, Nodi, Misha Sawdagor, ATM Samshuzzaman | Romance |  |  |
| 17 November | *Bostir Chele Kotipoti* | Swapan Chowdury | Kazi Maruf, Sahara, Shakiba, Aman, Masum Aziz, Misha Sadagor, Dolly Jahur | Action, drama |  |  |
| 18 November | *Dubshatar* | Nurul Alam Atique | Joya Ahsan, Ashok Bepari, Sahriar Shuvo, Wahida Mollick Jolly, Shrabastee Tinny | Drama | Premiered on Channel i |  |
| 19 November | *Hay Prem Hay Valobasha* | Nazrul Islam Khan | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas, Suchorita, Ali Raz, Misha Sawdagor |  |  |  |
| 19 November | *Prem Mane Na Badha* | Safi Iqbal | Shakib Khan, Apu Biswas, Sohel Rana, Suchorita |  |  |  |
| 19 November | *Pirates - The Blood Secret* | Noman Robin | Ohona, Rashed Mamun, Saju Khadem, Antu Karim | Adventure | Premiered on RTV |  |
| 3 December | *Moner Manush* | Goutam Ghose | Prosenjit Chatterjee, Raisul Islam Asad, Chanchal Chowdhury, Paoli Dam, Shahed Ali, Mir Naofil Ashrafi | Drama |  |  |
| 3 December | *Baap Boro Na Shoshur Boro* | Shahadat Hossain Liton | Shomrat, Resi, Razzak, Suchorita, Nipun Akter, Abir Khan | Comedy, romance |  |  |
|  | *Ora Amake Valo Hote Dilona* | Kazi Hayat | Kazi Maruf, Purnima, Bobita |  |  |  |
| 10 December | *Runway* | Tareque Masud | Fazlul Haque, Nusrat Imroz Tisha, Rabeya Akter Moni, Jayanta Chattopadhyay | Drama |  |
| 17 December | *Jemon Jamai Temon Bou* | Uttam Akash | Mamnun Hasan Emon, Chandni, Humayun Faridi |  |  |  |
|  | *Rokto Chosha* | Niru Biswas | Amit Hasan, Poly, Alexandar Bo, Moumita, | Action |  |  |
|  | *Prem Bishad* | AKM Firoz Babu | Arju Khan, Piyanka |  |  |  |
| 31 December | *Opekkha* | Abu Sayeed | Jayanto Chattapaddhay, Mirana Zaman, Tinu Karim | Drama |  |  |
| 31 December | *Evabey Bhalobasha Hoy* |  | Sirajul Islam Kiron, S.D. Rubel, Shabnur |  | Bisakto, Rakibul Hassan, Dinar Ahmed, Razia Zaman |  |


title: Stanzaic Morte Arthur

abstract: The Stanzaic Morte Arthur is an anonymous 14th-century Middle English poem in 3,969 lines, about the adulterous affair between Lancelot and Guinevere, and Lancelot's tragic dissension with King Arthur. The poem is usually called the Stanzaic Morte Arthur or Stanzaic Morte to distinguish it from another Middle English poem, the Alliterative Morte Arthure. It exercised enough influence on Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur to have, in the words of one recent scholar, "played a decisive though largely unacknowledged role in the way succeeding generations have read the Arthurian legend".

text:
# Stanzaic Morte Arthur

The **Stanzaic** ***Morte Arthur*** is an anonymous 14th-century Middle English poem in 3,969 lines, about the adulterous affair between Lancelot and Guinevere, and Lancelot's tragic dissension with King Arthur. The poem is usually called the Stanzaic *Morte Arthur* or Stanzaic *Morte* (formerly also the Harleian *Morte Arthur*) to distinguish it from another Middle English poem, the Alliterative *Morte Arthure*. It exercised enough influence on Thomas Malory's *Le Morte d'Arthur* to have, in the words of one recent scholar, "played a decisive though largely unacknowledged role in the way succeeding generations have read the Arthurian legend".

## Synopsis

King Arthur holds a tournament, which Sir Lancelot attends in disguise. He stays for one night at the castle of the Earl of Ascolat, and there the earl's daughter falls in love with him, even though she knows Lancelot loves someone else. Lancelot is injured at the tournament, and is invited by the earl to recuperate at Ascolat. Lancelot leaves when he has recovered, giving the earl's daughter his armour as a memento.

Ascolat is then visited by Gawain, who has come from Camelot to search for Lancelot. The earl's daughter, still not knowing Lancelot's name, shows Gawain the armour, which he recognises. On his return to Camelot Gawain tells Arthur that Lancelot loves the earl's daughter. When Lancelot arrives at Camelot he receives so little welcome from his lover, Guinevere, that he leaves again in confusion. Guinevere then finds herself falsely accused of murdering a Scottish knight, and must find a champion to defend her in a trial by combat. The body of the maid of Ascolat is discovered in a boat, floating down the river into Camelot, along with a note in which the maid bewails Lancelot's refusal of her love. Lancelot returns to successfully defend Guinevere, and since she now knows that he is true to her she is reconciled with him. The two are surprised in bed together by several of Arthur's knights, but Lancelot escapes, killing in the process all of the knights except Mordred.

Guinevere is sentenced to death, but Lancelot again rescues her and takes her to his castle, Joyous Gard. Arthur besieges Joyous Gard, but without effect. The Pope now orders Lancelot to send Guinevere back to Arthur, and Arthur to accept her. Both comply, but Lancelot goes into exile. Arthur takes his army abroad to levy war against Lancelot, leaving Guinevere behind in the custody of Mordred. Gawain, now an inveterate enemy of Lancelot, fights a single combat with him, and is defeated. Word comes that Mordred has crowned himself king and plans to marry Guinevere. Arthur returns home and defeats Mordred's army in two battles, but Gawain is killed.

Before a third battle can be fought Arthur dreams that he is cast down from the high point of the Wheel of Fortune. In a second dream Gawain warns him he must call a truce so as to give Lancelot's army time to join him. The next day Arthur and Mordred, each accompanied by fourteen knights, meet to discuss peace terms. The truce is broken by mistake when one of the knights draws his sword to kill an adder. Battle is joined and the armies are so equally matched that both are exterminated, with the exception of Mordred, Arthur, and Arthur's knights Bedivere and Lucan. Arthur kills Mordred, but is himself mortally wounded.

At Arthur's command, Bedivere throws Excalibur into the sea. Three ladies come to take Arthur to Avalon to be healed, but they fail in this purpose, and the next day Bedivere comes across Arthur's newly erected tomb. Guinevere, repenting of her adultery, takes the veil at Amesbury. Lancelot arrives on the scene belatedly and visits Guinevere. They renounce each other in favour of a life of penance, and Lancelot accordingly becomes a monk. The poem ends with their death and burial seven years later.

## Composition and metre

The poem is the work of an anonymous writer who lived during the 14th century in the north Midlands. His source was the French prose romance *La Mort Artu*, but he compressed it to a romance only about one fifth of the *Mort Artu*'s length. He probably intended his work for a wide and relatively unsophisticated audience. He cast his work in the metre of a minstrel romance ballad, each stanza containing eight lines rhyming *ABABABAB*, and each line having four beats. As the poem has come down to us there are seven places where the stanza is two lines short, but the original poem may not have had that fault. The poet took many liberties with his rhymes, and also used more alliteration than is common in a Middle English rhyming romance.

## Manuscript and early descriptions

It survives in one manuscript only, British Museum Harley 2252, a collection of texts compiled in the early 16th century by a London bookseller called John Colyns. Close study has shown that the section containing the Stanzaic *Morte* was originally a separate commercially produced booklet. One leaf, dealing with the burial of the Maid of Astolat, is now missing. By 1570, the manuscript had passed into the possession of one Robert Farrers.

The manuscript was studied by Humfrey Wanley, keeper of the Harleian Library, who in 1759 catalogued it with the notation, "This I take to be translated from the French Romance of K. Arthur"; also "I know not who this Poet was, but guess that he lived about the time of K. Henry VII, and that he might have been a Northern man. He useth many Saxon or obsolete Words, and very often delighted himself (as did the Author of 'Piers Plowman') in the Chime of words beginning with the same letter." Thomas Percy, mentioning the Stanzaic *Morte* in his widely influential *Reliques of Ancient English Poetry* (1765), suggested that it could be older than Wanley thought, since the first line was, he believed, quoted in the Middle English romance of *Beves of Hamtoun*. Thomas Warton's *History of English Poetry* (1774–81) includes a short extract from the *Morte*, and dates it to the early 14th century. In *Observations on the Three First Volumes of The History of English Poetry* (1782), and again in *Ancient Engleish Metrical Romanceës* (1802), the antiquary Joseph Ritson ridiculed Warton's and Percy's views of the poem's date, and asserted that Wanley was correct in assigning it to the reign of Henry VII. He noticed the similarities with Thomas Malory's *Le Morte d'Arthur*, but believed that the poem was based on Malory rather than *vice versa*.

A lengthy but rather facetious synopsis of the *Morte*, with quotations, figured in the *Specimens of Early English Metrical Romances* (1805) by George Ellis. Ritson's late date for the poem was there rejected. A complete edition of the *Morte* by Thomas Ponton was published by the Roxburghe Club in 1819.

## Influence on Malory

It is now widely accepted that the last two stories of Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur, "The Book of Sir Launcelot and Queen Guinevere" and "The Most Piteous Tale of the Morte Arthur", are derived from his reading of the Stanzaic Morte Arthur and its source, the Mort Artu. Several key moments in these final stories, such as the poignant scene of renunciation between Lancelot and Guinevere at Amesbury, and the tragic incident where a knight inadvertently breaks the truce between Arthur and Mordred by killing an adder, are notably influenced by the Stanzaic Morte. In places he even reproduces the exact words of the Middle English poem. According to Jennifer Goodman, "Malory owes to the stanzaic *Morte Arthur* an important share of the drama of the closing books of his work."

## Scholastic reception

Brian Stone thought that "with its swiftly moving narrative and realistic clash of character" it is more like an extended tragic ballad than a romance. He preferred its ending to that of the *Morte Darthur*, and considered the poem to be "of prime importance in our culture". Dieter Mehl referred to "The by no means simple, but skilfully handled metrical form"; to "a rare balance in the structure of the plot, a strict subordination of details to the theme of the poem, and a notable lack of digressions which could slow down the tempo of the narration"; and to a "conscious simplicity and detachment that distinguish *Le Morte Arthur* from most other romances and make it so particularly attractive and appealing to modern taste." Rosemary Woolf called the Stanzaic *Morte* "the finest example of the English treatment of central Arthurian subject-matter before Malory's *Morte Darthur*."

Praise from some others has been more measured. Jennifer Goodman wrote that "The verse is workmanlike: an acute sense of character and action allow the poet to focus in on the essential elements of fate and personality that combine to create Arthur's tragedy." Lucy Allen Paton complained of the *Morte'*s poet that "his supply of rhyme-words is extraordinarily limited", and that "he lacks the vigour of imagination, the intensity of feeling and the originality in description that the poet of the \[Alliterative\] *Morte Arthure* possessed", but went on "he manifests real power as an easy and agreeable story-teller…Perhaps his most noticeable characteristic is his facility in bringing before us by a few direct dramatic words the human interest of the scenes that he is describing." Robert W. Ackerman judged that "Though marred by faults typical of the minstrel style, it tells a moving story vividly and swiftly." George Kane's opinion was that "Never once in its four thousand lines does it attain to brilliance, yet its effect is so unmistakably one of fulfillment and of harmony between intention and result that it must be regarded as a success."

## Bibliography

### Editions

* Thomas Ponton (ed.) *Le Morte Arthur. The Adventures of Sir Launcelot du Lake*. Roxburghe Club 25. London: Bulmer, 1819.
* Frederick James Furnivall (ed.) *Le Morte d'Arthur: edited from the Harleian MS. 2252*. London: Macmillan, 1864.
* J. D. Bruce (ed.) *Le Morte Arthur*. Early English Text Soc., Extra Series 88. 1903.
* Samuel Burdett Hemingway (ed.) *Le Morte Arthur: A Middle English Metrical Romance*. Boston/New York: Houghton, Mifflin, 1912.
* L. A. Paton (ed.) *Morte Arthur: Two Early English Romances*. London: Everyman, 1912.
* Larry Dean Benson (ed.) *King Arthur's Death: The Middle English Stanzaic Morte Arthur and Alliterative Morte Arthure*. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1974.
* P. F. Hissiger (ed.) *Le Morte Arthur: A Critical Edition*. The Hague/Paris: Mouton, 1975.
* Larry Dean Benson (ed.) *King Arthur's Death: The Middle English Stanzaic Morte Arthur and Alliterative Morte Arthure*. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 1986. Revised by Edward E. Foster, Kalamazoo, MI: Western Michigan University for TEAMS, 1994.
* Shunichi Noguchi (ed.) *Le Morte Arthur*. Tokyo: University of Tokyo, 1990.

### Translations

* Sharon Kahn (trans.) *The Stanzaic Morte*. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1986.
* Brian Stone (trans.) *King Arthur's Death: Alliterative Morte Arthure and Stanzaic Le morte Arthur*. London: Penguin, 1988.

## Sources


title: Wenceslao Robles

abstract: Wenceslao Robles was a Paraguayan general of the Paraguayan War who led the Battle of Corrientes and was described as "the oldest and the most forgotten of the generals of the war of 64/70".

text:
# Wenceslao Robles

**Wenceslao Robles** was a Paraguayan general of the Paraguayan War who led the Battle of Corrientes and was described as "the oldest and the most forgotten of the generals of the war of 64/70".

## Biography

Wenceslao Robles was born at Santísima Trinidad, Paraguay. In 1864, the year in which the Paraguayan War broke out, he held the rank of brigadier general of the Paraguayan army. Only Francisco Solano López held the rank of general, which was why Robles was responsible for organizing and commanding the troops of his nation gathered at Fort Cerro León. When Paraguay attacked Argentina, he was placed in charge of the Fortress of Humaitá and was responsible for transmitting the news of the declaration of war and the corresponding instructions from Foreign Minister José Berges and from Finance Minister Mariano González to Paraguayan officials in the Río de la Plata.

On April 14, 1865, he left Itapirú at the head of an expeditionary force of 3,000 men, occupied the city of Corrientes, and advanced towards the south of that province.

López sent Lieutenant Colonel Paulino Alén to award the National Order of Merit to him, but Robles violently rejected the decoration, protesting loudly about the hardships suffered by his troops, especially their lack of coats.

In response, López promoted Colonel Francisco Isidoro Resquín to the rank of brigadier general and named him second commander of the Southern Division. Next, he sent the Minister of War and Navy, General Vicente Barrios, with the order for his dismissal and arrest. Barrios presented himself at Fort Empedrado, Corrientes and proceeded to carry out his commission.

Robles was transferred to Humaitá and after being judged for failure to comply with orders, he was shot at the Paso de Patria Camp on January 6, 1866.

A witness portrays him thus: "Among the diners are... Wenceslao Robles, the only general in the ranks, apart from Solano López, and one of the few soldiers who did not wear a beard at that time..."

## InfoBox

| Wenceslao Robles | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | c.1820
Santísima Trinidad, Asunción, Paraguay |
| Died | January 6, 1866(1866-01-06) (aged 45–46)
Paso de Patria, Ñeembucú, Paraguay |
| Allegiance | Paraguay |
| Branch | Paraguayan Army |
| Years of service | ??? – 1866 |
| Rank | Brigadier General |
| Battles/wars |  |


title: The Universe Also Collapses

abstract: The Universe Also Collapses is a studio album by the psychedelic rock band Gong, released on 10 May 2019 by Kscope. The album was highly acclaimed.

text:
# The Universe Also Collapses

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *PopMatters* | 8/10 |

***The Universe Also Collapses*** is a studio album by the psychedelic rock band Gong, released on 10 May 2019 by Kscope. The album was highly acclaimed.

## Track listing

All music by Gong; lyrics by Kavus Torabi.

1. "Forever Reoccurring" – 20:36
2. "If Never I'm and Ever You" – 2:27
3. "My Sawtooth Wake" – 13:15
4. "The Elemental" – 6:43

## Personnel

* Ian East – flute, bass clarinet, soprano, tenor and baritone saxophone
* Fabio Golfetti – electric guitar, gliss guitar and singing
* Cheb Nettles – drums, piano, theremin and singing
* Dave Sturt – bass guitar, synthesiser and singing
* Kavus Torabi – singing, electric guitar, acoustic guitar and harmonium

**Technical**

* Recorded and mixed by Frank Byng at Snorkel Studios, London
* Produced by Gong
* Mastered by Andy Jackson at Tube Mastering

**Artwork**

* Artwork and layout at 57design.co.uk
* Photograph by Xu Yiming

## Charts

Chart performance for *The Universe Also Collapses*
| Chart (2019) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Scottish Albums (OCC) | 32 |
| UK Album Sales (OCC) | 40 |
| UK Album Downloads (OCC) | 34 |
| UK Vinyl Albums (OCC) | 25 |
| UK Record Store (OCC) | 25 |
| UK Rock & Metal Albums (OCC) | 3 |
| UK Independent Albums (OCC) | 15 |
| UK Independent Album Breakers (OCC) | 2 |
|

## InfoBox

| The Universe Also Collapses | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Gong | |
| Released | 10 May 2019 (2019-05-10) |
| Studio | Snorkel Studios, London |
| Genre | Psychedelic rock |
| Length | 43:01 |
| Label | Kscope |
| Producer | Gong |
| Gong chronology | |
| *Rejoice! I'm Dead!*
(2019) ***The Universe Also Collapses***
(2019) *Pulsing Signals*
(2022) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *The Universe Also Collapses* | |
| 1. "The Elemental"
Released: 28 February 2019 | |
|  | |


title: On Mark Engineering

abstract: On Mark Engineering was an American aircraft remanufacturing company established in 1954 at Van Nuys Airport in California. Its most significant products were rebuilding military surplus A-26 Invaders into executive transports—the Marketeer with an unpressurized fuselage and the Marksman with fuselage pressurization. On Mark converted a single B-26 into the YB-26K Prototype. After successful tests, that prototype was reconfigured with 39 other planes into the B-26K Counter-Invaders for counterinsurgency missions with the US Air Force. A total of 40 of the planes were produced. On Mark also undertook conversion work of a Boeing 377 Stratocruiser into the prototype Pregnant Guppy for Aero Spacelines.

text:
# On Mark Engineering

**On Mark Engineering** was an American aircraft remanufacturing company established in 1954 at Van Nuys Airport in California. Its most significant products were rebuilding military surplus A-26 Invaders into executive transports—the Marketeer with an unpressurized fuselage and the Marksman with fuselage pressurization. On Mark converted a single B-26 into the YB-26K Prototype. After successful tests, that prototype was reconfigured with 39 other planes into the B-26K Counter-Invaders (later redesignated A-26A) for counterinsurgency missions with the US Air Force. A total of 40 of the planes were produced. On Mark also undertook conversion work of a Boeing 377 Stratocruiser into the prototype Pregnant Guppy for Aero Spacelines.

## Products

* Gunston, Bill (1993). *World Encyclopedia of Aircraft Manufacturers*. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.


title: Netherlands lunar sample displays

abstract: The Netherlands lunar sample displays are two commemorative plaques consisting of small fragments of Moon specimens brought back with the Apollo 11 and Apollo 17 Moon missions and given to the people of the Netherlands by President Richard Nixon as goodwill gifts.

text:
# Netherlands lunar sample displays

The  **Netherlands lunar sample displays**  are two commemorative plaques consisting of small fragments of Moon specimens brought back with the Apollo 11 and Apollo 17 Moon missions and given to the people of the Netherlands by President Richard Nixon as goodwill gifts.

## Description

### Apollo 11

At the request of Nixon, NASA had about 250 presentation plaques made following Apollo 11 in 1969. Each included about four rice-sized particles of Moon dust from the mission totaling about 50 mg. The Apollo 11 lunar sample display has an acrylic plastic button containing the Moon dust mounted with the recipient's country or state flag that had been to the Moon and back. All 135 countries received the display, as did the 50 states of the United States and the U.S. provinces and the United Nations.

The plaques were given as gifts by Nixon in 1970.

### Apollo 17

The sample Moon rock collected during the Apollo 17 mission was later named lunar basalt 70017, and dubbed the *Goodwill rock*. Pieces of the rock weighing about 1.14 grams were placed inside a piece of acrylic lucite, and mounted along with a flag from the country that had flown on Apollo 17 it would be distributed to.

In 1973 Nixon had the plaques sent to 135 countries, and to the United States with its territories, as a goodwill gesture.

## History

According to Moon rock researcher Robert Pearlman, both the Netherlands Apollo 11 and Apollo 17 lunar sample displays are in the National Museum of the History of Science and Medicine in Leiden, Netherlands.

The Rijksmuseum of the Netherlands said in 1992 that it received a fake moon rock from the estate of Netherlands Prime Minister Willem Drees.

## Further reading


title: List of Dutch Olympic cyclists

abstract: This is a list of all Dutch cyclists who competed at the Summer Olympics. As of 2012 events in four cycling disciplines have been contested at the Summer Olympics. Dutch cyclist did not compete at the 1896, 1900 Summer Olympics, 1904 Summer Olympics and 1912 Summer Olympics and boycotted the 1956 Summer Olympics.

text:
# List of Dutch Olympic cyclists

This is a list of all Dutch cyclists who competed at the Summer Olympics. As of 2012 events in four cycling disciplines (BMX, mountain biking, road cycling, and track cycling) have been contested at the Summer Olympics. Dutch cyclist did not compete at the 1896, 1900 Summer Olympics, 1904 Summer Olympics and 1912 Summer Olympics and boycotted the 1956 Summer Olympics.

## Dutch Olympic cyclists

| Cyclist | Year | Discipline | Event |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Thijs Al | 2004 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Men's cross-country |
| Johan Alberts | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Dylan van Baarle | 2020 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | 2024 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| Mario van Baarle | 1988 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Judy Baauw | 2020 Summer Olympics | BMX | Women's BMX |
| Jarich Bakker | 1996 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Maarten den Bakker | 1988 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Klaas Balk | 1968 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | 1972 Summer Olympics | | Men's sprint |
| | Men's tandem | |
| Pieter Beets | 1920 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's tandem |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| Chantal Beltman | 2000 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Women's road race |
| Merle van Benthem | 2016 Summer Olympics | BMX | Women's BMX |
| Roy van den Berg | 2020 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team sprint |
| Marcel Beumer | 1988 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Guus Bierings | 1980 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Raymon van der Biezen | 2008 Summer Olympics | BMX | Men's BMX |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Men's BMX |
| Theo Blankenauw | 1948 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 1000m time trial |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| Léon van Bon | 1992 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's points race |
| | 2000 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Michael Boogerd | 2004 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Lars Boom | 2012 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's time trial |
| Tjabel Boonstra | 1920 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's tandem |
| Jan Bos | 2004 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team sprint |
| Theo Bos | 2004 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team sprint |
| | | | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's keirin |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Men's sprint |
| | Men's keirin | |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | | Men's sprint |
| | Men's team sprint | |
| | Men's keirin | |
| Gerard Bosch van Drakestein | 1908 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 660 yards |
| | | | Men's 5000 metres |
| | | | Men's 20 kilometres |
| | | | Men's 100 kilometres |
| | | | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| | 1924 Summer Olympics | | Men's tandem |
| | Men's team pursuit | |
| | 1928 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| | Men's 1000m time trial | |
| John den Braber | 1992 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | 2000 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| Janus Braspennincx | 1928 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's individual road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| | | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Shanne Braspennincx | 2020 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's sprint |
| | | | Women's team sprint |
| | | | Women's keirin |
| Anna van der Breggen | 2016 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | | Women's time trial |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Women's road race |
| | Women's time trial | |
| Bart Brentjes | 1996 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Men's cross-country |
| | 2000 Summer Olympics | | Men's cross-country |
| | 2004 Summer Olympics | | Men's cross-country |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Men's cross-country |
| Erik Breukink | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | 1996 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| | Men's time trial | |
| Gerben Broeren | 1992 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Yvonne Brunen | 1996 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | | Women's time trial |
| Klaas Buchly | 1948 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's tandem |
| Matthijs Büchli | 2016 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team sprint |
| | | | Men's keirin |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team sprint |
| | | Men's keirin |
| Leen Buis | 1928 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's individual road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| Joost van der Burg | 2016 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Erik Cent | 1988 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | | | Men's individual pursuit |
| | 1992 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| Stef Clement | 2008 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's time trial |
| Rob Compas | 1992 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Tom Cordes | 1988 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Henk Cornelisse | 1964 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Hans Daams | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Laurens ten Dam | 2008 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Georgius Damen | 1908 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 660 yards |
| | | | Men's 5000 metres |
| | | | Men's 20 kilometres |
| | | | Men's 100 kilometres |
| Erik Dekker | 1992 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | 1996 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| | Men's time trial | |
| | 2000 Summer Olympics | | Men's time trial |
| | Men's road race | |
| | 2004 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| Thomas Dekker | 2004 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| Ad Dekkers | 1972 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Thierry Detant | 1988 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 1000m time trial |
| Daan van Dijk | 1928 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's tandem |
| Ellen van Dijk | 2012 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | | Women's time trial |
| | | Track cycling | Women's team pursuit |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | Women's time trial |
| | | 2024 Summer Olympics | Women's road race |
| | | Women's time trial |
| Evert Dolman | 1964 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Bas van Dooren | 2000 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Men's cross-country |
| Peter van Doorn | 1972 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 1000m time trial |
| | | | Men's tandem |
| | | | Men's sprint |
| Corine Dorland | 2000 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Women's cross-country |
| Maarten Ducrot | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Ben Duijker | 1928 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's individual road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| Tom Dumoulin | 2016 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's time trial |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| | Men's time trial | |
| Derk-Jan van Egmond | 1984 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's points race |
| Jacobus van Egmond | 1932 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's 1000m time trial |
| | | | Men's tandem |
| Rafael Elshof | 1984 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Henk Faanhof | 1948 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| | | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Nico van Gageldonk | 1936 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's individual road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| Tinus van Gelder | 1948 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's tandem |
| Twan van Gendt | 2012 Summer Olympics | BMX | Men's BMX |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | | Men's BMX |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Men's BMX |
| Antonie Gerrits | 1908 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 660 yards |
| | | | Men's 5000 metres |
| | | | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| Mees Gerritsen | 1960 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's tandem |
| Robert Gesink | 2008 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's time trial |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| Jelle van Gorkom | 2012 Summer Olympics | BMX | Men's BMX |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | | Men's BMX |
| Aad de Graaf | 1960 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | 1964 Summer Olympics | | Men's sprint |
| | Men's tandem | |
| Evert Grift | 1948 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| Petra Grimbergen | 1992 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| Tiemen Groen | 1964 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's individual pursuit |
| Richard Groenendaal | 1992 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Daan de Groot | 1952 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Loes Gunnewijk | 2012 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| Heleen Hage | 1988 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| Dirk Jan van Hameren | 1992 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 1000m time trial |
| | | | Men's sprint |
| | 1996 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 1000m time trial |
| Jack Hanegraaf | 1980 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Ingrid Haringa | 1992 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's sprint |
| | 1996 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | Track cycling | Women's sprint |
| | Women's points race |
| Joop Harmans | 1948 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Rob Harmeling | 1988 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Joris Harmsen | 2020 Summer Olympics | BMX | Men's BMX |
| Arie Hassink | 1976 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Yoeri Havik | 2020 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | Track cycling | Men's madison |
| Cor Heeren | 1924 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's team time trial |
| Max van Heeswijk | 2000 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | 2004 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| Levi Heimans | 2004 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's individual pursuit |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| Fedor den Hertog | 1968 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | Track cycling | Men's individual pursuit |
| | 1972 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | Men's road race |
| Yvonne Hijgenaar | 2004 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's sprint |
| | | | Women's time trial |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Women's sprint |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Women's team sprint |
| Jan Hijzelendoorn | 1948 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | 1952 Summer Olympics | | Men's 1000m time trial |
| | Men's sprint | |
| Aad van den Hoek | 1972 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Piet Hoekstra | 1968 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Nils van 't Hoenderdaal | 2016 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team sprint |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| Tristan Hoffman | 1996 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | 2000 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| Arend van 't Hoft | 1952 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| Theo Hogervorst | 1980 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Jeffrey Hoogland | 2016 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team sprint |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | Men's team sprint |
| Daan Hoole | 2024 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Piet van der Horst | 1928 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Rudi van Houts | 2008 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Men's cross-country |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Men's cross-country |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | | Men's cross-country |
| Adrianus van Houwelingen | 1976 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| René van Hove | 1936 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's individual road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| Jan Hugens | 1960 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Jenning Huizenga | 2008 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's individual pursuit |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| Marco van der Hulst | 1984 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Petrus Ikelaar | 1920 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's team time trial |
| | | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | Men's 50 kilometres |
| | | Men's team pursuit |
| | | Men's tandem |
| Philippus Innemee | 1924 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's team time trial |
| Gert Jakobs | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Harrie Jansen | 1968 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Jan Jansen | 1968 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's tandem |
| Jan Janssen | 1960 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Nicolaas de Jong | 1920 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's team time trial |
| Gerard Kamper | 1972 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Willy Kanis | 2008 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's sprint |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Women's sprint |
| | Women's team sprint | |
| | Women's keirin | |
| Gerben Karstens | 1964 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Alphons van Katwijk | 1976 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Piet van Katwijk | 1972 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Wilco Kelderman | 2020 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Niek Kimmann | 2016 Summer Olympics | BMX | Men's BMX |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Men's BMX |
| Pieter Kloppenburg | 1920 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's team time trial |
| Lex van Kreuningen | 1960 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Hennie Kuiper | 1972 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Anton Kuys | 1928 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team road race |
| Pelle Kil | 1992 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Lieke Klaus | 2008 Summer Olympics | BMX | Women's BMX |
| Servais Knaven | 1992 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | | | Men's individual pursuit |
| | 2004 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Monique Knol | 1988 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | 1992 Summer Olympics | | Women's road race |
| Vera Koedooder | 2012 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's team pursuit |
| Gerard Koel | 1964 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Jaap ten Kortenaar | 1992 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Jan Krekels | 1968 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Anton Krijgsman | 1920 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 50 kilometres |
| Karsten Kroon | 2004 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| Chris Kropman | 1936 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Steven Kruijswijk | 2016 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Sebastian Langeveld | 2012 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Piet van der Lans | 1960 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Harrie Lavreysen | 2020 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team sprint |
| | | | Men's keirin |
| Bernard Leene | 1928 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's tandem |
| | 1932 Summer Olympics | | Men's tandem |
| | 1936 Summer Olympics | | Men's tandem |
| Leontine van der Lienden | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| Pim Ligthart | 2008 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Leijn Loevesijn | 1968 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's tandem |
| | | | Men's 1000m time trial |
| René Lotz | 1960 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Jan Maas | 1924 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's team time trial |
| | | Track cycling | Men's 50 kilometres |
| | | Men's team pursuit |
| | 1928 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Jules Maenen | 1952 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| | | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Antoine Mazairac | 1928 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| Jacques van Meer | 1980 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Jacob Meijer | 1924 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| Mirjam Melchers | 2004 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | | Women's time trial |
| | 2000 Summer Olympics | | Women's time trial |
| | Women's road race | |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Women's road race |
| | Women's time trial | |
| Koos Moerenhout | 2000 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Gerrit Möhlmann | 1976 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Bauke Mollema | 2016 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| Rik Moorman | 1984 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Jens Mouris | 2000 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2004 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Men's individual pursuit |
| | Men's team pursuit | |
| | Men's madison | |
| Teun Mulder | 2004 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team sprint |
| | | | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's keirin |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Men's sprint |
| | Men's keirin | |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Men's keirin |
| Danny Nelissen | 1996 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Peter Nieuwenhuis | 1976 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Henk Nieuwkamp | 1968 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Henk Nijdam | 1960 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Jelle Nijdam | 1984 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | | | Men's individual pursuit |
| Dorus Nijland | 1908 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 660 yards |
| | | | Men's 5000 metres |
| | | | Men's 20 kilometres |
| | | | Men's 100 kilometres |
| | | | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| Theo Nikkessen | 1960 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Henk Ooms | 1936 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's tandem |
| Willem Ooms | 1920 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 50 kilometres |
| Jaap Oudkerk | 1960 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | 1964 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| Rinus Paul | 1960 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's tandem |
| Leo Peelen | 1988 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | | | Men's points race |
| Maurice Peeters | 1920 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| | 1924 Summer Olympics | | Men's sprint |
| | Men's tandem | |
| Bas Peters | 2004 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Men's cross-country |
| Piet Peters | 1948 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| Amy Pieters | 2012 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's team pursuit |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Women's madison |
| Peter Pieters | 1996 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's points race |
| | | | Men's individual pursuit |
| Puck Pieterse | 2016 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Women's cross-country |
| Sjaak Pieters | 1976 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| Jan Pieterse | 1964 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| René Pijnen | 1968 Summer Olympics | roadcycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Jan Pijnenburg | 1928 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Frits Pirard | 1976 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Jan Plantaz | 1952 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| | | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Adri van der Poel | 1980 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Mathieu van der Poel | 2020 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Men's cross-country |
| | 2024 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Simon van Poelgeest | 1924 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Twan Poels | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Wout Poels | 2016 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Herman Ponsteen | 1972 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | 1976 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| | Men's individual pursuit | |
| Jean-Paul van Poppel | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Cees Priem | 1972 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Laurine van Riessen | 2020 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's sprint |
| | | | Women's team sprint |
| | | | Women's keirin |
| Thea van Rijnsoever | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| Elsbeth van Rooy-Vink | 2004 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Women's cross-country |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Women's cross-country |
| Richard Rozendaal | 1996 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Peter Schep | 1996 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2000 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2004 Summer Olympics | | Men's points race |
| | Men's team pursuit | |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Men's points race |
| | Men's madison | |
| Jan-Willem van Schip | 2016 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Men's madison |
| | Men's omnium | |
| Roy Schuiten | 1972 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | | | Men's individual pursuit |
| Gerrit Schulte | 1936 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's individual road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| Frits Schür | 1976 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Cor Schuuring | 1964 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Robert Slippens | 1996 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2000 Summer Olympics | | Men's madison |
| | Men's team pursuit | |
| | 2004 Summer Olympics | | Men's madison |
| | 2008 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| Gerrit Slot | 1976 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Ab Sluis | 1960 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Laura Smulders | 2012 Summer Olympics | BMX | Women's BMX |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | | Women's BMX |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Women's BMX |
| Merel Smulders | 2020 Summer Olympics | BMX | Women's BMX |
| Johannes van Spengen | 1908 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 660 yards |
| | | | Men's 5000 metres |
| | | | Men's 20 kilometres |
| | | | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| Danny Stam | 2000 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's madison |
| | 2004 Summer Olympics | | Men's madison |
| Niels van der Steen | 1992 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Harry Steevens | 1964 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Arie van der Stel | 1920 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's team time trial |
| | | Track cycling | Men's 50 kilometres |
| Jeroen Straathof | 2004 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Wim Stroetinga | 2008 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| Ad Tak | 1976 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Anne Tauber | 2020 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Women's cross-country |
| Anne Terpstra | 2016 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Women's cross-country |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Women's cross-country |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | Women's cross-country |
| Niki Terpstra | 2008 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | | Men's road race |
| Patrick Tolhoek | 2000 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Men's cross-country |
| Henny Top | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| Piet van der Touw | 1960 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's 1000m time trial |
| | 1964 Summer Olympics | | Men's sprint |
| | Men's 1000m time trial | |
| | Men's tandem | |
| Milan Vader | 2020 Summer Olympics | Mountain biking | Men's cross-country |
| Lau Veldt | 1980 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| Tim Veldt | 2012 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | | Men's team pursuit |
| | Men's omnium | |
| Nico Verhoeven | 1984 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Philippus Vethaak | 1936 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's individual road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| Aart Vierhouten | 1996 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Michael Vingerling | 2012 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Elsbeth Vink | 1996 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | | Men's cross-country |
| Adrie Visser | 2004 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's points race |
| Annemiek van Vleuten | 2012 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | Women's time trial |
| Arie van Vliet | 1936 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 1000m time trial |
| | | | Men's sprint |
| Leo van Vliet | 1976 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Martinus Vlietman | 1924 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's time trial |
| | | | Men's team time trial |
| Ben van der Voort | 1936 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Adrie Voorting | 1952 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| | | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Gerrit Voorting | 1948 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's team road race |
| | | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Demi Vollering | 2020 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | 2024 Summer Olympics | | Women's time trial |
| | Women's road race | |
| Marianne Vos | 2008 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | | Women's time trial |
| | | Track cycling | Women's points race |
| | 2012 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | Women's time trial |
| | | 2016 Summer Olympics | Women's road race |
| | | 2020 Summer Olympics | Women's road race |
| | | 2024 Summer Olympics | Women's road race |
| Bart Voskamp | | 1992 Summer Olympics | Men's team time trial |
| Franciscus de Vreng | 1920 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's sprint |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| | | | Men's tandem |
| Gerrit de Vries | 1988 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| Franciscus Waterreus | 1924 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Gerrit van Wees | 1936 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| Cora Westland | 1988 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| Lieuwe Westra | 2012 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| | | | Men's time trial |
| Lorena Wiebes | 2024 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| Kirsten Wild | 2012 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's team pursuit |
| | | | Women's omnium |
| | 2016 Summer Olympics | | Women's omnium |
| | 2020 Summer Olympics | | Women's omnium |
| | Women's madison | |
| Robert de Wilde | 2008 Summer Olympics | BMX | Men's BMX |
| Rob van den Wildenberg | 2008 Summer Olympics | BMX | Men's BMX |
| Ko Willems | 1924 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's 50 kilometres |
| Peter Winnen | 1980 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's road race |
| Michel Zanoli | 1988 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Leontien Zijlaard | 1992 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Women's individual pursuit |
| | | | Women's road race |
| | 2000 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's time trial |
| | | Women's road race |
| | Track cycling | Women's points race |
| | Women's individual pursuit |
| | 2004 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| | | Women's time trial |
| | Track cycling | Women's individual pursuit |
| Anouska van der Zee | 2004 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Women's road race |
| Bart Zoet | 1964 Summer Olympics | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | | Men's road race |
| Joop Zoetemelk | 1968 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |
| | | Road cycling | Men's team time trial |
| | | Men's road race |
| Wilco Zuijderwijk | 2000 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's points race |
| | | | Men's team pursuit |
| Adrie Zwartepoorte | 1936 Summer Olympics | Track cycling | Men's team pursuit |

## InfoBox

| Netherlands at the<br>Olympics | |
| --- | --- |
| Flag of the Netherlands | |
| IOC code | NED |
| NOC | Dutch Olympic Committee\*<br>Dutch Sports Federation |
| Website | www.nocnsf.nl (in Dutch) |
| Medals | Gold 0 Silver 0 Bronze 0 Total 0 |
| Summer appearances | |
|  | |
| Winter appearances | |
|  | |
| Other related appearances | |
| 1906 Intercalated Games | |


title: Of Love and Lunacy

abstract: Of Love and Lunacy is the third release and debut studio album by the metalcore band Still Remains. It was released on May 3, 2005, via Roadrunner Records. The song "The Worst Is Yet to Come" was the album's lead single.

text:
# Of Love and Lunacy

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *Jesus Freak Hideout* |  |
| *Metalbite* |  |

***Of Love and Lunacy*** is the third release and debut studio album by the metalcore band Still Remains. It was released on May 3, 2005, via Roadrunner Records. The song "The Worst Is Yet to Come" was the album's lead single.

## Track listing

1. "To Live and Die by Fire" – 2:57
2. "The Worst Is Yet to Come" – 3:50
3. "In Place of Hope" – 4:49
4. "White Walls" – 4:28
5. "Bliss" – 3:37
6. "Cherished" – 4:27
7. "With What You Have" – 1:19
8. "Kelsey" – 3:13
9. "Recovery" – 5:16
10. "I Can Revive Him with My Own Hands" – 4:42
11. "Stare and Wonder" – 5:36
12. "Blossom, the Witch" – 5:34
13. "Bed of Nails" (Japanese bonus track) – 3:53
14. "Head Like a Hole" (iTunes bonus track) \[Nine Inch Nails cover\] - 5:12

## Personnel

* T.J. Miller – lead vocals
* Mike Church – guitar and clean vocals
* Jordan Whelan – guitar
* Evan Willey – bass guitar
* Zach Roth – keyboards
* A.J. Barrette – drums
* Gggarth – producer
* Josh Wilbur – mixer

## InfoBox

| Of Love and Lunacy | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Still Remains | |
| Released | May 3, 2005 |
| Recorded |  |
| Genre | Metalcore |
| Length | 50:03 |
| Label | Roadrunner |
| Producer | GGGarth |
| Still Remains chronology | |
| *If Love Was Born to Die*
(2004) ***Of Love and Lunacy***
(2005) *The Serpent*
(2007) | |


title: 1958 Victorian Tourist Trophy

abstract:
The 1958 Victorian Tourist Trophy was a motor race staged at the Albert Park Circuit in Victoria, Australia on 23 November 1958.
It was restricted to open or closed Sports Cars complying with CAMS Appendix C regulations.
The race was contested over 32 laps of the 3.125 mile circuit, a total distance of approximately 100 miles. The race was won by Doug Whiteford driving a Maserati 300S.

text:
# 1958 Victorian Tourist Trophy

The **1958 Victorian Tourist Trophy** was a motor race staged at the Albert Park Circuit in Victoria, Australia on 23 November 1958. It was restricted to open or closed Sports Cars complying with CAMS Appendix C regulations. The race was contested over 32 laps of the 3.125 mile circuit, a total distance of approximately 100 miles.

The race was won by Doug Whiteford driving a Maserati 300S.

## Results

| Position | Driver | No. | Car | Entrant | Class | Class pos. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Doug Whiteford | 26 | Maserati 300S | D. Whiteford | 2001 cc to 3000 cc | 1 |
| 2 | Ron Phillips | 56 | Cooper T38 Jaguar | J. and R. Phillips | Open Class | 1 |
| 3 | Bill Pitt | 22 | Jaguar D-Type | G. Anderson | Open Class | 2 |
| 4 | Derek Jolly | 29 | Lotus XV | D. E. Jolly | 1101 cc to 1500 cc | 1 |
| 5 | Bob Jane | 27 | Maserati 300S | New York Motors Pty. Ltd. | 2001 cc to 3000 cc | 2 |
| ? | Eddie Perkins | 78 | Porsche | D. M. Calvert | 1501 cc to 2000 cc | 1 |
| ? | Don Swanton | 71 | Lotus XI Series 2 | D. H. Swanton | Up to 1100cc | 1 |
| 8 | Tom Sulman | 58 | Aston Martin DB3S | T. Sulman | 2001 cc to 3000 cc | 3 |
| ? | Charlie Whatmore | 28 | Lotus XI Series 2 Coventry-Climax | C. Whatmore | 1101 cc to 1500 cc | 2 |
| ? | Peter Candy | 69 | MG TF | P. M. Candy | 1101 cc to 1500 cc | 3 |
| ? | Peter Manton | 72 | Austin-Healey Sprite Coventry-Climax | Monaro Motors | Up to 1100cc | 2 |
| ? | G. Sandford-Morgan | 49 | Decca | D. E. Jolly | Up to 1100cc | 3 |
| ? | Warren Blomfield | 57 | Aston Martin DB3S | W. F. Blomfield | 2001 cc to 3000 cc | ? |
| ? | Frank Coad | 64 | Vauxhall | W. F. Coad | 2001 cc to 3000 cc | ? |
| ? | Jim Goldfinch | 61 | Austin-Healey 100S | J. Goldfinch | 2001 cc to 3000 cc | ? |
| ? | Alan Jack | 67 | Cooper Coventry Climax | Brifield Motors | 1101 cc to 1500 cc | ? |
| ? | Jon Leighton | 68 | Lotus XI Ford | J. F. E. Leighton | Up to 1100cc | ? |
| ? | Rod Murphy | 73 | Austin-Healey Sprite | Esquire Motors | Up to 1100cc | ? |
| DNF | Lou Molina | 63 | Monza Holden Special | L. Molina | 2001 cc to 3000 cc | - |
| DNF | Stan Jones | 24 | Aston Martin DB3S | Stan Jones Motors Pty. Ltd. | 2001 cc to 3000 cc | - |

### Notes

* Attendance: 40,000
* Entries: 27
* Start: Massed grid start
* Starters: 23
* Finishers: Unknown
* Winner's race time: 65 minutes 47.2 seconds
* Winner's average speed: 92.8 mph
* Fastest Lap: D Whiteford & R Phillips: 2:01.02 (average 93.8 mph)


title: Stanzach

abstract: Stanzach is a municipality in the Reutte district in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

text:
# Stanzach

**Stanzach** is a municipality in the Reutte district in the Austrian state of Tyrol.

## Geography

Stanzach lies at the entrance to the Namlos valley in the Lech valley.

## InfoBox

| Stanzach | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| StanzachLocation within Austria | |
| Coordinates: 47°23′00″N 10°33′40″E / 47.38333°N 10.56111°E / 47.38333; 10.56111 | |
| Country | Austria |
| State | Tyrol |
| District | Reutte |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Hanspeter Ausserhofer |
| Area | |
| Total | 31.85 km2 (12.30 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 939 m (3,081 ft) |
| Population (2018-01-01) | |
| Total | 455 |
| Density | 14/km2 (37/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 6642 |
| Area code | 05632 |
| Vehicle registration | RE |
| Website | www.riskommunal.net/
stanzach |


abstract: The 1947 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship was the 57th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship began on 28 September 1947 and ended on 26 October 1947. Thurles Sarsfields were the defending champions. On 26 October 1947, Carrick Swans won the championship after a 5–04 to 2–02 defeat of Borrisoleigh in the final at Clonmel Sportsfield. It remains their only championship title.

text:
# 1947 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship

The **1947 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship** was the 57th staging of the Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Tipperary County Board in 1887. The championship began on 28 September 1947 and ended on 26 October 1947.

Thurles Sarsfields were the defending champions.

On 26 October 1947, Carrick Swans won the championship after a 5–04 to 2–02 defeat of Borrisoleigh in the final at Clonmel Sportsfield. It remains their only championship title.

## Qualification

| Championship | Champions |
| --- | --- |
| Mid Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship | Holycross-Ballycahill |
| North Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship | Borris-Ileigh |
| South Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship | Carrick Swans |
| West Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship | Knockavilla-Donaskeigh Kickhams |

## Results

### Semi-finals

| 28 September 1947 Semi-final | **Carrick Swans** | **5-07 - 5-03** | **Holycross-Ballycahill** | Cashel Sportsfield, Cashel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

| 5 October 1947 Semi-final | **Borrisoleigh** | **4-05 - 3-01** | **Knockavilla Kickhams** | Thurles Sportsfield, Thurles |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

### Final

| 26 October 1947 Final | **Carrick Swans** | **5-04 - 2-02** | **Borrisoleigh** | Clonmel Sportsfield, Clonmel |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

## InfoBox

1947 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship
| Dates | 28 September 1947 – 26 October 1947 |
| --- | --- |
| Teams | 4 |
| Champions | Carrick Swans (1st title)<br>Willie Wall (captain) |
| Runners-up | Borrisoleigh |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 3 |
| Goals scored | 24 (8 per match) |
| Points scored | 22 (7.33 per match) |
| 1946 (Previous) (Next) 1948 | |


title: Malinovo, Gabrovo Province

abstract: Malinovo is a village in the municipality of Sevlievo, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.

text:
# Malinovo, Gabrovo Province

**Malinovo** is a village in the municipality of Sevlievo, in Gabrovo Province, in northern central Bulgaria.

## InfoBox

| Malinovo | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| MalinovoLocation in Bulgaria | |
| Coordinates: 42°54′22″N 24°54′07″E / 42.906°N 24.902°E / 42.906; 24.902 | |
| Country | Bulgaria |
| Province | Gabrovo Province |
| Municipality | Sevlievo |
| Population (2007) | |
| Metro | S |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |


title: Welshampton rail crash

abstract: The Welshampton rail crash was a fatal railway accident in the Welsh borders village of Welshampton on 11 June 1897. It resulted in the deaths of 12 people. An excursion to Barmouth had been organised by the United Sunday Schools of Royton. A group of 320 passengers were on board a train of mixed Cambrian Railways (CR) and Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) stock of 15 carriages, pulled by two locomotives. Earlier in the day a CR guard had complained of the rough-riding of a small 4-wheeled L&YR brake van, which on the return journey was at the front of the train. The train left Barmouth at 18:00. At about 22:20 one of the engines and 13 of the coaches left the rails of the CR's Oswestry, Ellesmere and Whitchurch Railway, 154 yards (141 m) east of Welshampton station. Nine passengers were killed in what was the first fatal accident on the line since it was built, two other passengers and a railway employee died later from injuries. Although the initial investigation centred on the first carriage to leave the rails, an L&YR third-class brake coach, the enquiry concluded though that the speed of the train was too high considering the state of the track which had many sleepers in need of replacement, also too light a rail for high speed running. The CR disputed the findings and maintained that the L&YR vehicle was to blame. A memorial on the front of the Town Hall in Royton, Greater Manchester names, those killed in the accident. A second memorial, installed by local people, at the side of the A495 Ellesmere to Whitchurch road, near to the site of the accident, shows the Cambrian Railways coat of arms. The railway line between Oswestry, Ellesmere and Whitchurch is now disused and, although some of the line is visible, the site of the accident itself has been ploughed out. Welshampton Station building still exists and has been converted into a house. This second memorial stone is located just in front of its fence by the roadside.

text:
# Welshampton rail crash

The **Welshampton rail crash** was a fatal railway accident in the Welsh borders village of Welshampton on 11 June 1897. It resulted in the deaths of 12 people.

An excursion to Barmouth had been organised by the United Sunday Schools of Royton. A group of 320 passengers were on board a train of mixed Cambrian Railways (CR) and Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) stock of 15 carriages, pulled by two locomotives. Earlier in the day a CR guard had complained of the rough-riding of a small 4-wheeled L&YR brake van, which on the return journey was at the front of the train.

The train left Barmouth at 18:00. At about 22:20 one of the engines and 13 of the coaches left the rails of the CR's Oswestry, Ellesmere and Whitchurch Railway, 154 yards (141 m) east of Welshampton station. Nine passengers were killed in what was the first fatal accident on the line since it was built, two other passengers and a railway employee died later from injuries.

Although the initial investigation centred on the first carriage to leave the rails, an L&YR third-class brake coach, the enquiry concluded though that the speed of the train was too high considering the state of the track which had many sleepers in need of replacement, also too light a rail for high speed running. The CR disputed the findings and maintained that the L&YR vehicle was to blame.

A memorial on the front of the Town Hall in Royton, Greater Manchester names, those killed in the accident. A second memorial, installed by local people, at the side of the A495 Ellesmere to Whitchurch road, near to the site of the accident, shows the Cambrian Railways coat of arms. The railway line between Oswestry, Ellesmere and Whitchurch is now disused and, although some of the line is visible, the site of the accident itself has been ploughed out. Welshampton Station building still exists and has been converted into a house. This second memorial stone is located just in front of its fence by the roadside.

## Cited works and further reading

* Faith, Nicholas (1998). *Derail: Why Trains Crash*. Channel 4 Books. ISBN 0-752-21987-1.
* Foley, Michael (2014). *Britain's Railway Disasters: Fatal Accidents from the 1830s to the Present*. Pen & Sword Books Ltd. ISBN 978-1-781-59379-0.
* Johnson, Peter (2013). *The Cambrian Railways: A New History*. Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0-860-93644-2.

## InfoBox

| Welshampton rail crash | |
| --- | --- |
| Details | |
| Date | 11 June 1897 |
| Location | Welshampton |
| Coordinates | 52°54′56″N 2°49′55″W / 52.9155°N 2.8320°W / 52.9155; -2.8320 |
| Country | England |
| Line | Oswestry, Ellesmere and Whitchurch Railway |
| Cause | Excessive speed/track condition |
| Statistics | |
| Trains | 1 |
| Deaths | 12 |
| List of UK rail accidents by year | |


title: The Universe Around Us

abstract: The Universe Around Us is a science book written by English astrophysicist Sir James Jeans, first published in 1929 by the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press.

text:
# The Universe Around Us

***The Universe Around Us*** is a science book written by English astrophysicist Sir James Jeans, first published in 1929 by the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press.

## Editions

* First Edition...1929 ...Reprinted...1929, 1930
* Second Edition..1930 ...Reprinted...1930, 1931
* Third Edition...1933 ...Reprinted...1938
* Fourth Edition..1944 ...Reprinted...1945, 1946, 1953 ...Revised & Reset...1960
* First Paperback Edition...1960

## Preface

"The present book contains a brief account, written in simple language, of the methods and results of modern astronomical research, both observational and theoretical. Special attention has been given to problems of cosmogony and evolution, and to the general structure of the universe. My ideal, perhaps never wholly attainable, has been that of the making the entire book intelligible to readers with no special scientific knowledge. Parts of the book cover the same ground as various lectures I have recently delivered to University and other audiences, including a course of wireless talks I gave last autumn. It has been found necessary to rewrite these almost in their entirety, so that very few sentences remain in their original form, but those who have asked me to publish my lectures and wireless talks will find the substance of them in the present book."
-J.H.JEANS - DORKING, 1 May 1929

## Preface to Second Edition

"In preparing a second edition, I have taken advantage of a great number of suggestions made by correspondents and reviewers, to whom I offer my sincerest thanks. I have also inserted discussions of the new planet Pluto, the rotation of the galaxy, the apparent expansion of the universe, and other subjects which have become important since the first edition was published, and in general have tried to bring the book up to date."
-J.H.JEANS - DORKING, 2 August 1930

## From the Preface to Third Edition

"The three years which have elapsed since the second edition of this book appeared have been more than usually eventful for those parts of science with which the book deals. At the sub-atomic end of the scale of nature, the uncharged neutron and the positively-charged electron have been discovered. At the other end of the scale there is much new knowledge, both observational and theoretical, on the expansion of the universe and cosmic radiation. In the intermediate parts of the scale, in addition to a large mass of new observational material, we find new spectroscopic methods for investigating the constitution and rotations of the stars, and new theoretical discussions of their structure. From these and other causes, the present edition is substantially longer than its predecessors."
-J.H.JEANS - DORKING, 7 October 1933

## Preface to Fourth Edition

"In the interval since the third edition appeared, astronomy has continued its triumphal progress. Perhaps the most noteworthy single episode has been the discovery that the physics of atomic nuclei can not only give a satisfactory account of the radiation of the sun and stars, but can also explain many hitherto puzzling stellar characteristics; the largest and smallest ingredients of nature - the star and the atomic nucleus \- have met and thrown light on one another, to the great improvement of our understanding of both. This and other outstanding advances have necessitated many changes in and additions to my book. A large part of it has been rewritten, while most of the remainder has been substantially amended."
-J.H.JEANS - DORKING, September 1943

## Contents

* Introduction - The Study of Astronomy - Page...1

Chapter

* I Exploring the Sky...14
* II Exploring the Atom...98
* III Exploring in Time...151
* IV Stars...161
* V Carving out the Universe...210
* VI The Solar System...237
* VII Beginnings and Endings...276
* Index...290

There are 32 pages of photographic plates:

## Plates

* I The Discovery of Pluto - Facing Page...16
* II The Milky Way in the neighbourhood of the Southern Cross...17
* III The Milky Way in the region of p Ophiuchi...18
* IV The Star-cloud in Sagittarius...19
* V Part of the outer regions of the Great Nebula M31 in Andromeda...22
* VI Planetary Nebulae:

1. N.G.C. 2022
2. N.G.C. 6720 (The Ring Nebula)
3. N.G.C. 1501
4. N.G.C. 7662...23

* VII The Nebula in Cygnus...24
* VIII The Trifid Nebula M20 in Sagittarius - Following...24
* IX The "Horse's Head" in the Nebula in Orion...24
* X The Great Nebula M31 in Andromeda - Facing...25
* XI The Nebula N.G.C. 891 in Andromeda seen edge-on...26
* XII The Nebula N.G.C. 7217...27
* XIII The Lesser and Greater Magellanic Clouds...30
* XIV The Globular Cluster M13 in Hercules...31
* XV Stellar Spectra...32
* XVI The Doppler Effect in Stellar Spectra...33
* XVII The central region of the Great Nebula M31 in Andromeda...68
* XVIII The Nebula M33 in Triangulum...69
* XIX The Nebula N.G.C. 7331 in Pegasus, and a remote Cluster of faint Nebula - Facing...70
* XX Nebular Spectra....71
* XXI The Nebula N.G.C. 4594 in Virgo...74
* XXII A compact Cluster of faint Nebulae in Pegasus...75
* XXIII The twin Nebulae N.G.C. 4567-8...76
* XXIV The Nebula M81 in Ursa Major...77
* XXV The tracks of a- and b-particles...122
* XXVI Collisions of a-particles with atoms...123
* XXVII The "Whirlpool" Nebula M51 in Canes Venatici...220
* XXVIII A sequence of Nebular Configurations:

1. N.G.C. 3379
2. N.G.C. 4621
3. N.G.C. 3115
4. N.G.C. 4594 in Virgo
5. N.G.C. 4565 in Berenice's hair...221

* XXIX Two Nebulae (N.G.C. 4395, 4401) suggestive of Tidal Action...244
* XXX The Nebula N.G.C. 7479...245
* XXXI The Nebula M101 in Ursa Major...252
* XXXII Saturn and its System of Rings...253

## InfoBox

The Universe Around Us
| Author | Sir James Jeans |
| --- | --- |
| Publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| Publication date | 1929 |