title: Wilbert Rideau

abstract: Wilbert Rideau is an American convicted killer and former death row inmate from Lake Charles, Louisiana, who became an author and award-winning journalist while held for 44 years at Angola Prison. Rideau was convicted in 1961 of first-degree murder of Julia Ferguson in the course of a bank robbery that year, and sentenced to death. He was held in solitary confinement on death row, pending execution. After the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that states had to rework their death penalty statutes because of constitutional concerns, the Louisiana Court judicially amended his sentence in 1972 to life in prison. During his 12 years on death row, Rideau had begun to educate himself, by reading numerous books. After being returned to the general prison population, from 1975 Rideau served for more than 20 years as editor of The Angolite, the magazine written and published by prisoners at Louisiana State Prison (Angola); he was the first African-American editor of any prison newspaper in the United States. Under his leadership, the magazine won the George Polk Award and Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award for its reporting, and it was nominated for others. Rideau appealed his case four times. The Supreme Court of the United States and lower courts ordered a total of three new trials; SCOTUS overturned his conviction and ordered a new trial because of adverse pre-trial publicity. He was convicted again of murder two more times, in 1964 and 1970, each time by all-male, all-white juries. He served more than 40 years in the State Penitentiary; parole was never approved. In 2005 Rideau was tried a fourth time. He was unanimously convicted by the jury of the lesser charge of manslaughter; they did not believe he had planned the killing. Rideau was sentenced to the maximum of 21 years; as he had already served nearly 44 years, he was freed. A Life magazine article in March 1993 referred to Rideau as "the most rehabilitated prisoner in America." He has written several books and edited compilations of articles. He participated in making two documentaries, including The Farm: Angola, USA (1998), about the lives of six men at Angola, including himself. It was drawn from his memoir Life Sentences (1992) and much of the film was made at the prison.

text:
# Wilbert Rideau

**Wilbert Rideau** (born February 13, 1942) is an American convicted killer and former death row inmate from Lake Charles, Louisiana, who became an author and award-winning journalist while held for 44 years at Angola Prison. Rideau was convicted in 1961 of first-degree murder of Julia Ferguson in the course of a bank robbery that year, and sentenced to death. He was held in solitary confinement on death row, pending execution. After the Supreme Court of the United States ruled that states had to rework their death penalty statutes because of constitutional concerns, the Louisiana Court judicially amended his sentence in 1972 to life in prison.

During his 12 years on death row, Rideau had begun to educate himself, by reading numerous books. After being returned to the general prison population, from 1975 Rideau served for more than 20 years as editor of *The Angolite*, the magazine written and published by prisoners at Louisiana State Prison (Angola); he was the first African-American editor of any prison newspaper in the United States. Under his leadership, the magazine won the George Polk Award and Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award for its reporting, and it was nominated for others.

Rideau appealed his case four times. The Supreme Court of the United States and lower courts ordered a total of three new trials; SCOTUS overturned his conviction and ordered a new trial because of adverse pre-trial publicity. He was convicted again of murder two more times, in 1964 and 1970, each time by all-male, all-white juries. He served more than 40 years in the State Penitentiary; parole was never approved. In 2005 Rideau was tried a fourth time. He was unanimously convicted by the jury of the lesser charge of manslaughter; they did not believe he had planned the killing. Rideau was sentenced to the maximum of 21 years; as he had already served nearly 44 years, he was freed.

A *Life* magazine article in March 1993 referred to Rideau as "the most rehabilitated prisoner in America." He has written several books and edited compilations of articles. He participated in making two documentaries, including *The Farm: Angola, USA* (1998), about the lives of six men at Angola, including himself. It was drawn from his memoir *Life Sentences* (1992) and much of the film was made at the prison.

## Childhood and youth

Wilbert Rideau was born in Louisiana in 1942. When he was six, his family moved to Lake Charles, Louisiana (a city in Calcasieu Parish in the west of the state. It is about 30 miles from the Texas border). He attended racially segregated public schools, according to state law: Second Ward Elementary School in the lower grades, and starting at W. O. Boston High School when he was in eighth grade. He soon started skipping classes. At 13, Rideau got a job at a grocery store and stopped going to school before finishing ninth grade. He became involved in petty crime.

Rideau was 19 when he committed an armed bank robbery in Lake Charles in 1961. He forced three white workers into a car and drove away with them as hostages. In the course of their trying to escape, Rideau fatally shot and stabbed bank teller Julia Ferguson and wounded another teller and the manager. The survivors testified to Rideau's guilt, noting that Rideau first shot Ferguson and then plunged a knife into the woman's chest. The two other bank employees survived by pretending to be dead.

## Trials and imprisonment

Before Rideau was arraigned, a local television news station, KPLC-TV, filmed his being interviewed by the parish sheriff at the jail. Rideau responded to leading questions and admitted to killing teller Julia Ferguson in the course of a robbery. He did not appear to know he was being filmed, and he was without counsel. This material was broadcast three times in Calcasieu Parish, exposing a large part of the population to the interview and confession before Rideau was arraigned or taken to trial.

The defense requested a change of venue because of possible influence of the broadcast on potential jury members, which the court denied. Rideau was tried in 1961 before an all-male, all-white jury. At this time, blacks in Louisiana were still largely disenfranchised: excluded from voting, they were also excluded from juries and political office. He was convicted in less than an hour of first-degree murder in the death of teller Julia Ferguson. The jury included "two deputy sheriffs, a cousin of the dead victim and a bank vice president who knew the wounded manager". Rideau was sentenced to death, which is the punishment for first-degree murder.

His 1961 conviction was ultimately appealed to the Supreme Court. In *Rideau v. Louisiana* (1963), the court ruled that the adverse pre-trial publicity and failure by the lower court to grant a change of venue had compromised his receiving due process. The majority decision said, "Yet in this case the people of Calcasieu Parish saw and heard, not once but three times, a "trial" of Rideau in a jail, presided over by a sheriff, where there was no lawyer to advise Rideau of his right to stand mute." The court overturned the conviction and ordered a new trial.

The District Attorney of Calcasieu Parish, Frank Salter, Jr., reindicted Rideau for the killing of Ferguson. In 1964 another all-male, all-white jury quickly convicted Rideau again of first-degree murder. That conviction was overturned by appeal, and Rideau was tried a third time in 1970. Rideau was convicted a third time of first-degree murder by an all-white jury.

He was returned to death row at Angola, where he was held in solitary confinement pending his execution. During this time, he became determined to become educated. He started reading widely, and credits books with helping him survive and become a better person.

In 1972, following the Supreme Court ruling in *Furman v. Georgia*, finding the current state laws unconstitutional as they varied widely in how they administered the death penalty, the court ordered states to void the death sentences of persons on death row. They ordered their sentences to be amended to the next most severe level, generally life imprisonment. Some 587 men and 26 women were moved off death rows across the country. Rideau's sentence was amended by Louisiana to life in prison.

Rideau was moved into the general prison population. After another appeal, based on the exclusion of blacks from the grand jury that had indicted him in 1970, despite passage of civil rights legislation in the mid-1960s to end racial discrimination, Rideau's last conviction was vacated.

A new trial was ordered and he was tried a fourth time in 2005. The jury was made up of ten women and two men, seven whites and five blacks. They deliberated for nearly six hours before reaching a unanimous decision, convicting him of the lesser charge of manslaughter. The judge sentenced him to the maximum of 21 years. Since Rideau had already served more than twice that time, nearly 44 years, he was freed immediately.

Rideau's criminal case reached the Supreme Court on appeal. In *Rideau v. Louisiana*, 373 U.S. 723 (1963), the court made a landmark ruling related to the effects of adverse pre-trial publicity and the refusal of the court to agree to a change of venue, which it ruled was a denial of due process of law for the defendant. The Court overturned Rideau's 1961 conviction because of the repeated broadcasts by the local television station of the sheriff's "interview" with Rideau in jail, and with no counsel. The Court said this resulted in "Kangaroo Court proceedings" and a kind of public trial in the media before his case ever reached court. In addition, the Parish Court had refused the defense attorney's request for a change of venue. The Supreme Court ordered a new trial.

Rideau was retried by the Parish District Attorney for first-degree murder in 1964 and again convicted. After another appeal because of errors, he was retried in 1970; each of those convictions for first-degree murder were also by all-male, all-white juries. He remained on death row at Angola.

In 1972 the Supreme Court ruled in *Furman v. Georgia* that state laws for the death penalty were unconstitutional as currently written. States were ordered to judicially amend death sentences to the next level of severity, generally life imprisonment. Rideau and hundreds of other persons (mostly men) on death row across the country had their death sentences changed to life imprisonment.

In 2000, a federal appeals court ruled that Rideau's original indictment was flawed, because blacks had been excluded from the 1961 grand jury, which had indicted him on first-degree murder charges. (These charges were repeated by the prosecutor in subsequent trials.)

The Lake Charles, Louisiana, community divided largely along racial lines for four decades over the Rideau case. The parole board had repeatedly recommended he be given parole, but two Louisiana governors declined to approve it, largely due to strong local pressure from whites in Calcasieu Parish. In the fourth and final trial in January 2005, most white spectators sat behind the prosecutor's table and most blacks sat behind the defense.

Rideau had always admitted robbing the bank, fleeing with hostage employees, and killing one of them. Attorneys in the final trial presented two versions of these events. The prosecution held that Rideau used premeditation to line up his victims before shooting them, and that Ferguson had begged for her life. The defense said that Rideau had panicked and reacted impulsively - first, when a phone call interrupted the robbery, and then when hostage Dora McCain jumped from the get-away car and ran, followed by the other two employees. He said that Rideau killed in panic rather than by premeditation. The defense urged a verdict of manslaughter. The jury unanimously convicted Rideau of manslaughter, and the judge sentenced him to the maximum of 21 years. As Rideau had already served more than twice that long, he was immediately freed.

## Prison journalism

In the early 1970s, Rideau wrote a column, "The Jungle", for a chain of black weeklies in Louisiana. He freelanced articles to mainstream media, including the *Shreveport Journal* and *Penthouse*. A headline referred to him as "The Wordman of Angola", saying "Rideau is Angola Penitentiary's Birdman of Alcatraz. He is a prisoner who has transformed the dark, drab, terror-filled life of prison into a greenhouse for the flowering of his talent."

Rideau had not gone beyond the ninth grade in his formal education before his arrest and incarceration. He educated himself by extensive reading while in prison.

In 1975, a federal court ordered the Angola prison to be reformed, the result of a civil suit by the ACLU because of the high level of violence and abuse of prisoner rights. The consent decree required the prison to institute desegregation of programs and work assignments. The outgoing warden appointed Rideau as editor of *The Angolite*; he was the first African-American editor of any prison journal in the United States. The incoming warden ratified the choice and, with a handshake, gave Rideau freedom from censorship. This warden's progressive administration supported the nation's only uncensored prison publication. During his 25 years as editor, Rideau became well known nationally, gaining a reputation beyond the prison.

In 1979, Rideau and co-editor Billy Sinclair won the George Polk Award for the articles "The Other Side of Murder" and "Prison: The Sexual Jungle". In addition, the magazine won the Robert F. Kennedy Journalism Award, the American Bar Association's Silver Gavel Award, and a 1981 Sidney Hillman Award. *The Angolite* was the first prison publication ever to be nominated for a National Magazine Award, and it was nominated seven times.

Rideau was permitted to travel the state accompanied only by an unarmed guard to lecture about the prison newspaper. He was permitted to fly to Washington, D.C. twice to address the nation's newspaper editors on the subject of prison journalism.

Rideau and co-editor Ron Wikberg were named "Person of the Week" for their journalism on Peter Jennings's *World News Tonight* in August 1992. Wikberg was the *Angolite* associate editor from 1988 to 1992 (he was paroled that year). He died in October 1994.

## Books and compilations

After being released, Rideau wrote *In the Place of Justice: A Story of Punishment and Deliverance* (2010), recalling his experiences in Angola. It won the 2011 Dayton Literary Peace Prize and was shortlisted for the British CWA Gold Dagger prize for non-fiction.

With Ron Wikberg, associate editor, Rideau edited *The Wall Is Strong: Corrections in Louisiana* (1991), used as a textbook. This textbook was a compilation of magazine and newspaper articles, and papers from the Center for Criminal Justice Research of University of Southwestern Louisiana. About half of the book's articles were first published in *The Angolite*. Rideau and Wikberg collaborated on the book with Professor Burk Foster of the University of Louisiana at Lafayette.

Rideau and Wikberg also collaborated on *Life Sentences: Rage and Survival Behind Bars*, a 1992 anthology of articles from *The Angolite*. It was published in 1992 by Times Books, a subsidiary of Random House, but went out of print.

This book came to the attention of Elizabeth Garbus and Jonathan Stack, a pair of New York documentary filmmakers. They drew from it for their film *The Farm: Angola, USA* (1998). Rideau was credited for his work with them on the film; he was also among the six men featured in the documentary, which has won numerous awards.

## Other media

In the 1990s, Rideau branched out into radio, television, and documentary film making. He became a correspondent for National Public Radio, produced a segment for ABC-TV's newsmagazine *Day One*; and collaborated with radio documentarian Dave Isay for a piece entitled "Tossing Away the Keys."

He collaborated on creating and producing two documentary films, *Final Judgment: The Execution of Antonio James* (1996), directed and produced by filmmakers Jonathan Stack and Elizabeth Garbus, and *The Farm: Angola, USA* (1998), directed by the same pair, with credit also to Rideau. The latter drew from *Life Sentences*, the book which he and the late Ron Wikberg had edited together. *The Farm* won an Emmy Award and several others, as well as being as nominated for an Academy Award.

## Clemency efforts

*Mother Jones* said in 2010 that "a mix of racial politics and tough-on-crime posturing blocked \[Rideau's\] release for more than three decades", even though several LSP wardens had said that Rideau was completely rehabilitated. The parole board recommended parole for him, but two governors declined to approve it. Many local people in Calcasieu Parish opposed any parole for him. Rideau remained incarcerated through the mid-1990s, while other inmates with similar sentences were paroled in this period.

An investigation by *20/20* revealed statements by Governor of Louisiana Edwin Edwards, who said that he believed that Rideau was rehabilitated, but that he would not release him "under any circumstances'. Rideau said that governors did not advocate for his release because he had become "a political football" due to his appeals and retrials. He believed that it would be difficult for any prisoner in Louisiana to be released from prison.

## Fourth appeal, trial, and aftermath

In 1998 the Legal Defense Fund of the NAACP joined his case and participated in mounting a fourth appeal. In December 2000, the Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals in New Orleans threw out Rideau's 1970 murder conviction, based on grounds of racial discrimination in the grand jury process in Calcasieu Parish, Louisiana, which had indicted him. All the members of the grand jury were white.

To the surprise of many outside the area, the Calcasieu Parish prosecutor decided to try Rideau for a fourth time for first-degree murder. Rideau was indicted again in July 2001. The jury, composed of both men and women, and blacks and whites, unanimously found him guilty of manslaughter. They did not believe that he had planned the killing of the clerk. The judge sentenced Rideau to the maximum of 21 years, but he had already served nearly 44, more than twice that, so he was released. Whereas Rideau had been represented by local court-appointed defense attorneys in his first three trials, his defense team in 2005 included prominent civil rights attorneys: Johnnie Cochran, George Kendall, and famed New Orleans defense attorney Julian Murray, who all worked on the case for free, or *pro bono*.

The retrial was prosecuted under the laws in effect at the time of the crime in 1961. The jury was free to convict Rideau of murder – the state elected to prosecute under the "specific intent" rather than the "felony murder" doctrine of the 1961 statute – or manslaughter, which in Louisiana is any homicide that would otherwise be murder if it is either committed without specific intent to harm an individual, or if it is committed in the heat of passion. The defense said that Rideau had become panicked during the robbery and especially by the hostages attempting to escape.

Shortly after Rideau's release, Judge David Ritchie, who had declared Rideau indigent at trial, ordered him to pay more than $127,000 to the court to cover the cost of the trial that ultimately freed him. This order was overturned in 2006 by the Louisiana Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit.

The Louisiana Court of Appeals stated:

\[ . . . \] we find the trial court lacked legal authority to act for the parish of Calcasieu and lacked standing *in its own right* to seek recoupment of funds expended from the Criminal Court Fund. The trial court, however, retains authority to enforce the January 15, 2005 sentence which ordered Rideau to pay costs and to assess reasonable costs upon presentment by the parties who actually "incurred" the Article 887(A) expenses, consistent with this opinion and the Constitutions of Louisiana and the United States. We also vacate that portion of the March 15, 2005 Order directing Rideau to reimburse the IDB \[Indigent Defender's Board\] for all costs, expert witness fees and expenses associated with his defense.

## After release

In 2008 Rideau married Linda LaBranche, a former college professor who had become one of his supporters years before.

In 2009, he co-directed and was included in the documentary *The Farm: 10 Down* (2009), Jonathan Stack's follow-up to the survivors among the six men he had featured in his earlier film on Angola. Rideau was the only one among them to have left the prison alive.

Since his release, Rideau has continued to write. He published a memoir, *In the Place of Justice: A Story of Punishment and Deliverance* (2010), about his years at Angola. He has frequently been asked to speak about his experiences, and his work to rehabilitate himself while in prison.

In 2011 Rideau was one of the invited speakers at the Newark Peace Education Summit in Newark, New Jersey. In April of that year, he was invited to the Roosevelt Hotel to receive the George Polk Award for journalism and give a long overdue speech. He had won the journalism award in 1980 for a series of essays titled *The Sexual Jungle*, which he published in *The Angolite* when he was still in prison.

## InfoBox

| Wilbert Rideau | |
| --- | --- |
| pictured in 2008 | |
| Born | (1942-02-13) February 13, 1942<br>Louisiana |
| Occupations | * Author * journalist * radio correspondent * TV and film documentary filmmaker |
| Criminal status | Released in 2005 (after 44 years) |
|  | |
| Conviction(s) | First-degree murder, later downgraded to manslaughter |
| Criminal penalty | Death commuted to life imprisonment, later downgraded to 21 years |
| Details | |
| Date | 1961 |
| Country | United States |
| State(s) | Louisiana |
| Location(s) | Lake Charles |
|  | |


title: White Buffalo Calf Woman

abstract: White Buffalo Calf Woman or White Buffalo Maiden is a sacred woman of supernatural origin, central to the Lakota religion as the primary cultural prophet. Oral traditions relate that she brought the "Seven Sacred Rites" to the Lakota people.

text:
# White Buffalo Calf Woman

**White Buffalo Calf Woman** (*Lakȟótiyapi*: *Ptesáŋwiŋ*) or **White Buffalo Maiden** is a sacred woman of supernatural origin, central to the Lakota religion as the primary cultural prophet. Oral traditions relate that she brought the "Seven Sacred Rites" to the Lakota people.

## Story

The traditional story is that, 19 generations ago, there was a time of famine. The chief of the Lakota sent out two scouts to hunt for food. While the young men travelled they saw a white cloud in the distance. Then, from the cloud, they saw a woman. As they approached, they saw that it was a beautiful young Native woman in white buckskin. She had dark hair, dark skin and dark eyes. One of the men was filled with lust for the woman. He approached her, telling his companion he would attempt to claim her as a wife. His companion warned him that she appeared to be a sacred woman, and to do anything sacrilegious would be dangerous and disrespectful, but his advice was ignored.

The second man watched as the first approached and embraced the woman, during which time the cloud enveloped the pair. When the cloud disappeared, only the mysterious woman and a pile of the first man's bones remained. The remaining man was frightened, and began to draw his bow. But the holy woman beckoned him forward, telling him that no harm would come to him, as she could see into his heart and he did not have the motives the first man had. As the woman spoke Lakota, the young man decided she was one of his people, and came forward.

At this time, the woman explained that she was *wakȟáŋ* (holy, having spiritual and supernatural powers). She further explained that if he did as she instructed, his people would rise again. The scout promised to do what she instructed, and was told to return to his encampment, call the Council, and prepare a feast for her arrival. She taught the Lakota seven sacred ceremonies to protect the Mother Earth and gave them the čhaŋnúŋpa, the sacred ceremonial pipe.

The seven ceremonies are:

1. Inípi (purification lodge)
2. Haŋbléčheyapi (crying for vision)
3. Wiwáŋyaŋg Wačhípi (Sun Dance)
4. Huŋkalowaŋpi (making of relatives)
5. Išnáthi Awíčhalowaŋpi (female puberty ceremony)
6. Tȟápa Waŋkáyeyapi (throwing of the ball)
7. Wanáǧi Yuhápi (soul keeping)

Each part of the čhaŋnúŋpa (stem, bowl, tobacco, breath, and smoke) is symbolic of the relationships of the natural world, the elements, humans and the spiritual beings that maintain the cycle of the universe.

### Sources

* Walker, James R. *Lakota Belief and Ritual* (University of Nebraska Press, 1980; ISBN 0-8032-2551-2; Bison Books, 1991 ISBN 0-8032-9731-9)
* Powers, William K. *Oglala Religion* (University of Nebraska Press, 1975,1977; ISBN 0-8032-8706-2)
* Pickering, Robert B. *Seeing the White Buffalo*. (Denver Museum of Natural History & Johnson Books), 1997; ISBN 1-55566-181-5 & 1-55566-182-3.
* Costello, Damian. *Black Elk: Colonialism and Lakota Catholicism* (Orbis Books, 2005, ISBN 978-1-57075-580-4)


title: Wickware, Wisconsin

abstract: Wickware is an unincorporated community located in the towns of Maple Grove and Prairie Lake, in Barron County, Wisconsin, United States.

text:
# Wickware, Wisconsin

**Wickware** is an unincorporated community located in the towns of Maple Grove and Prairie Lake, in Barron County, Wisconsin, United States.

## InfoBox

| Wickware, Wisconsin | |
| --- | --- |
| Unincorporated community | |
| WickwareWickware | |
| Coordinates: 45°21′05″N 91°47′11″W / 45.35139°N 91.78639°W / 45.35139; -91.78639 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Wisconsin |
| County | Barron |
| Towns | Maple Grove, Prairie Lake |
| Elevation | 366 m (1,201 ft) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code(s) | 715 and 534 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1576713 |


title: Wiley Piatt

abstract: Wiley Harold Piatt was an American professional baseball player who played pitcher in the Major Leagues from 1898 to 1903. He played for the Philadelphia Phillies, Philadelphia Athletics, Chicago White Sox, and Boston Beaneaters. Piatt was the only pitcher in the 20th century to pitch two complete games in one day and lose them both. This occurred on June 25, 1903, when, pitching for the Beaneaters, he lost to the St. Louis Cardinals by scores of 1-0 and 5-3.

text:
# Wiley Piatt

**Wiley Harold Piatt** (July 13, 1874 – September 20, 1946) was an American professional baseball player who played pitcher in the Major Leagues from 1898 to 1903. He played for the Philadelphia Phillies, Philadelphia Athletics, Chicago White Sox, and Boston Beaneaters.

Piatt was the only pitcher in the 20th century to pitch two complete games in one day and lose them both. This occurred on June 25, 1903, when, pitching for the Beaneaters, he lost to the St. Louis Cardinals by scores of 1-0 and 5-3.

1. "Charlton's Baseball Chronology - 1903". *www.baseballlibrary.com*. Archived from the original on February 6, 2007. Retrieved June 10, 2013.

## InfoBox

| Wiley Piatt | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| **Pitcher** | |
| **Born:** (1874-07-13)July 13, 1874
Blue Creek, Ohio, U.S. | |
| **Died:** September 20, 1946(1946-09-20) (aged 72)
Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Left**Threw:** Left | |
| MLB debut | |
| April 22, 1898, for the Philadelphia Phillies | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| August 1, 1903, for the Boston Beaneaters | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Win–loss record | 86–79 |
| Earned run average | 3.60 |
| Strikeouts | 517 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Wide Country Stakes

abstract: The Wide Country Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in March at Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel, Maryland. The race is open to fillies age three and up over seven furlongs on the dirt. It was run for the 23rd time in 2015. An ungraded stakes race, it currently offers a purse of $100,000. The race was named in honor of the 1991 Maryland-bred "Horse of the Year, Wide Country. Tom Tanner's home bred, Wide Country compiled a nine-race win streak. The streak began in the final months of 1990 when the chestnut filly won the Grade 2 Black-Eyed Susan Stakes over a muddy race track after losing a shoe. She also won the Grade 3 Pimlico Oaks by eight and a half lengths. Wide Country shipped to Belmont Park and Meadowlands during that campaign and placed second in graded stakes company in both cases. Trained by Robert W. Camac, she captured three straight Maryland stakes races on her way to state-bred championship honors. She retired with a record of 20 wins or placings in 26 starts for career earnings of $881,221.

text:
# Wide Country Stakes

The **Wide Country Stakes** is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in March at Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel, Maryland. The race is open to fillies age three and up over seven furlongs on the dirt. It was run for the 23rd time in 2015.

An ungraded stakes race, it currently offers a purse of $100,000. The race was named in honor of the 1991 Maryland-bred "Horse of the Year, Wide Country. Tom Tanner's home bred, Wide Country compiled a nine-race win streak (all stakes races at either Pimlico Race Course or Laurel Park Racecourse). The streak began in the final months of 1990 when the chestnut filly won the Grade 2 Black-Eyed Susan Stakes over a muddy race track after losing a shoe. She also won the Grade 3 Pimlico Oaks by eight and a half lengths. Wide Country shipped to Belmont Park and Meadowlands during that campaign and placed second in graded stakes company in both cases. Trained by Robert W. Camac, she captured three straight Maryland stakes races on her way to state-bred championship honors. She retired with a record of 20 wins or placings in 26 starts for career earnings of $881,221.

## Records

**Speed record:**

* 7 furlongs - 1:22.78 - Saarlight (2008)
* 7.5 furlongs - 1:30.80 - Norstep (1995)
* 1 mile - 1:40.00 - Bare Dancer (2007)

**Most wins by a jockey:**

**Most wins by a trainer:**

## Winners of the Wide Country Stakes since 1994

| Year
 | Winner
 | Age
 | Jockey
 | Trainer
 | Owner
 | Distance | Time | Purse |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2018 |  | 3 |  |  |  | 7 fur. | 0:00.00 | $100,000 |
| 2017 | Enchanted Ghost | 3 | Angel Cruz | Hamilton Smith | Mens Grille Racing | 7 fur. | 1:25.49 | $100,000 |
| 2017 | China Grove | 3 | Kendrick Karamanos | Ben Colebrook | Katherine G. Ball | 7 fur. | 1:23.86 | $100,000 |
| 2016 | Great Soul | 3 | Trevor McCarthy | Timothy L. Keefe | Steve Long | 7 fur. | 1:27.73 | $75,000 |
| 2015 | Gypsy Judy | 3 | Horacio Karamanos | Robin L. Graham | James Hibbert | 7 fur. | 1:25.75 | $100,000 |
| 2014 | Taris | 3 | Clinton L. Potts | Todd M. Beattie | Commonwealth New Era R. | 7 fur. | 1:24.71 | $100,000 |
|
| 2013 | Walkwithapurpose | 3 | Jeremy Rose | Ignacio Correas | Sagamore Farm | 7 fur. | 1:27.04 | $125,000 |
| 2012 | Millionreasonswhy | 3 | Horacio Karamanos | Ignacio Correas | Sagamore Farm | 7 fur. | 1:24.08 | $100,000 |
| 2011 | Red's Round Table | 3 | Sheldon Russell | Tim Keefe | Arnold Heft | 7 fur. | 1:25.99 | $55,000 |
| 2010 | Jim's Prospect | 3 | Vladimir Diaz | John B. Secor | Estate of James Glenn | 7 fur. | 1:24.67 | $70,000 |
| 2009 | Saarlight | 3 | Ray Fuentes | Kiaran McLaughlin | Cam Allard | 7 fur. | 1:22.78 | $60,000 |
| 2008 | Armonk | 3 | Julian Pimentel | Kiaran McLaughlin | Jeff Singer | 7 fur. | 1:26.63 | $50,000 |
| 2007 | Bare Dancer | 3 | Dyn Panell | Gary Contessa | Darlene Bilinski | 1 mile | 1:40.00 | $90,000 |
| 2006 | Celestial Legend | 3 | Erick D. Rodriguez | Dale Capuano | R. Shultz & D. Menard | 1 mile | 1:41.40 | $75,000 |
| 2005 | Amazing Buy | 3 | Norberto Arroyo | Jennifer Pederson | Paraneck Stable | 1 mile | 1:40.60 | $50,000 |
| 2004 | He Loves Me | 3 | Jozbin Santana | Richard W. Small | Buckingham Farm | 1-1/16 | 1:47.20 | $35,000 |
| 2003 | Powers Prospect | 3 | Roberto Alvarado | Cathal A. Lynch | D'Arrigo Racing Stable | 1-1/16 | 1:44.80 | $50,000 |
| 2002 | Shop Till You Drop | 3 | Harry Vega | John Fee | Dewey White | 1-1/16 | 1:46.80 | $36,000 |
| 2001 | Strike It Up | 3 | Mario Pino | Anthony W. Dutrow |  | 1-1/8 | 1:50.80 | $55,000 |
| 2000 | Case of the Blues | 3 | Mark T. Johnston | Hamilton A. Smith |  | 1-1/8 | 1:52.40 | $80,000 |
| 1999 | Synchronized | 3 | Jose Espinoza | Martin Wansborough | John A. Franks | 1-1/8 | 1:52.20 | $55,000 |
| 1998 | Cigar Charlie | 3 | Edgar Prado | Michael Dickinson |  | 1-1/8 | 1:53.60 | $55,000 |
| 1997 | Salt It | 3 | Carlos Marquez | Deborah S. Bonder | Deborah S. Bonder | 1-1/8 | 1:51.20 | $30,000 |
| 1996 | Hey Let's Dance | 3 | Mark T. Johnston | Jessica J. Campitelli |  | 7.5 fur. | 1:31.00 | $30,000 |
| 1995 **#** | Quite Proper | 3 | Mario Verge | Leslie G. Glazier |  | 7.5 fur. | 1:32.20 | $30,000 |
| 1995 **#** | Norstep | 3 | Mark T. Johnston | W. Robert Bailes |  | 7.5 fur. | 1:30.80 | $30,000 |
| 1994 | Brilliant Prospect | 3 | Allen Stacy | Carlos A. Garcia | Helmore Racing Partners | 7.5 fur. | 1:32.40 | $30,000 |
|

## InfoBox

Wide Country Stakes
| Ungraded Stakes race | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Laurel Park Racecourse,
Laurel, Maryland,
United States |
| Inaugurated | 1994 |
| Race type | Thoroughbred \- Flat racing |
| Website | www.laurelpark.com |
| Race information | |
| Distance | 7 furlongs |
| Surface | Dirt |
| Track | left-handed |
| Qualification | Fillies; Three-years-old |
| Weight | Assigned |
| Purse | 100,000 |


abstract: Wien Erzherzog-Karl-Straße is a railway station serving Donaustadt, the twenty-second district of Vienna. The station is a keilbahnhof located at the junction of the Laaer Ostbahn and Marchegger Ostbahn lines. It has an island platform on each line, although at present no passenger trains use the Laaer Ostbahn north of the station.

text:
# Wien Erzherzog-Karl-Straße railway station

**Wien Erzherzog-Karl-Straße** is a railway station serving Donaustadt, the twenty-second district of Vienna. The station is a *keilbahnhof* located at the junction of the Laaer Ostbahn and Marchegger Ostbahn lines. It has an island platform on each line, although at present no passenger trains use the Laaer Ostbahn north of the station.

## Services

As of the December 2020 timetable change, the following services stop at Wien Erzherzog-Karl-Straße:

## InfoBox

| Wien Erzherzog-Karl-Straße | |
| --- | --- |
| The Marchegger Ostbahn platforms in 2009 | |
| General information | |
| Location | Vienna<br>Austria |
| Coordinates | 48°13′47.11″N 16°27′11.38″E / 48.2297528°N 16.4531611°E / 48.2297528; 16.4531611 |
| Owned by | ÖBB |
| Line(s) |  |
| Platforms | 2 island platforms |
| Tracks | 4 |
| Train operators | ÖBB |
| Connections | Bus |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  ÖBB Following station  Wien Stadlautowards Wien Hbf  R 81  Wien Hirschstettentowards Marchegg  Preceding station  Vienna S-Bahn Following station  Wien Stadlautowards Wien Hütteldorf  S80  Wien Hirschstettentowards Wien Aspern Nord | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | |


title: Whoopie sling

abstract: A whoopie sling is an easily adjustable rope sling designed for tree pruning or tree removal. The whoopie sling works by wrapping the sling around the trunk of a tree or a heavy load bearing limb and pulling the end of the rope within the sling through a spliced choker. By adjusting the size of the eye in the rope through the choker the user is able to adjust the length of the sling constricting around the tree without needing knots. Whoopie slings made with ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) have a very high strength to weight ratio, making them an increasingly popular tool for outdoor recreation where an easily adjustable yet strong line is needed. These slings usually have a smaller diameter and are often used while suspending hammocks during hiking, camping, or sailing.

text:
# Whoopie sling

A **whoopie sling** is an easily adjustable rope sling designed for tree pruning or tree removal. The whoopie sling works by wrapping the sling around the trunk of a tree or a heavy load bearing limb and pulling the end of the rope within the sling through a spliced choker. By adjusting the size of the eye in the rope through the choker the user is able to adjust the length of the sling constricting around the tree without needing knots.

Whoopie slings made with ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) have a very high strength to weight ratio, making them an increasingly popular tool for outdoor recreation where an easily adjustable yet strong line is needed. These slings usually have a smaller diameter and are often used while suspending hammocks during hiking, camping, or sailing.


title: Wilfrid Holland

abstract: Wilfrid Holland was a British born composer, choral and orchestral conductor, pianist and teacher who spent the last 45 years of his life based In Canberra, Australia. Born in Hull, England, his serious musical education started at the Royal School of Church Music in 1938. In 1946, he was appointed organist at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where he studied composition and musicology. From 1950, he taught at Dover College in Kent and for ten years was a leading musician in that town, directing the Dover Choral and Orchestral Societies and the Dover Singers. In 1960, he settled in Canberra as Director of Music at the Canberra Grammar School. The following year he was appointed musical director of the Canberra Choral Society, conducting over forty choral and orchestral concerts during the ensuing ten years. As a conductor, Holland was also responsible for helping develop the Canberra Orchestral Society, which would later become the Canberra Symphony Orchestra. In 1971 he retired from this field to concentrate on the interpretation and composing of chamber music suitable for The Winter Singers, a mixed choir which he had founded in 1963 with his wife Carol. In mid-1992, the ACT Lieder Society sponsored a concert devoted entirely to his compositions, which was an acknowledged artistic success and which, as a by-product, created a new direction in his writing. Many of his original works have been published by E.C. Schirmer of Boston, Massachusetts. In July 1993, he disbanded The Winter Singers and decided to concentrate on piano work, mainly vocal accompaniments. From this point his composition also changed from writing choral music, to turning his hand to solo songs. In addition to his capacity as both a composer and conductor, Wilfrid Holland worked in various other roles. Between 1960 and 1970, he lectured in music for the Canberra Adult Education Authority, and he also worked as an examiner for both the Australian Music Examinations Board and the Australian Guild of Music and Speech. He was also active as a private music teacher of both piano and theory, and was awarded the Canberra Critics' Circle Award (Music) in October 1993 for "outstanding contribution to musical life in Canberra as teacher, composer and conductor". He continued to give small private concerts up until the year of his death, and even retained several pupils during his later years. He died in his sleep on 15 September 2005 at his retirement home in Deakin, Australian Capital Territory, aged 85. Holland's connection with Gonville and Caius College is celebrated by the Holland Fund, which exists to provide grants to students reading Music who are in financial need.

text:
# Wilfrid Holland

**Wilfrid Holland** (27 June 1920  15 September 2005) was a British born composer, choral and orchestral conductor, pianist and teacher who spent the last 45 years of his life based In Canberra, Australia.

Born in Hull, England, his serious musical education started at the Royal School of Church Music in 1938. In 1946, he was appointed organist at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, where he studied composition and musicology. From 1950, he taught at Dover College in Kent and for ten years was a leading musician in that town, directing the Dover Choral and Orchestral Societies and the Dover Singers.

In 1960, he settled in Canberra as Director of Music at the Canberra Grammar School. The following year he was appointed musical director of the Canberra Choral Society, conducting over forty choral and orchestral concerts during the ensuing ten years. As a conductor, Holland was also responsible for helping develop the Canberra Orchestral Society, which would later become the Canberra Symphony Orchestra. In 1971 he retired from this field to concentrate on the interpretation and composing of chamber music suitable for The Winter Singers, a mixed choir which he had founded in 1963 with his wife Carol.

In mid-1992, the ACT Lieder Society (now Artsong Canberra) sponsored a concert devoted entirely to his compositions, which was an acknowledged artistic success and which, as a by-product, created a new direction in his writing. Many of his original works have been published by E.C. Schirmer of Boston, Massachusetts.

In July 1993, he disbanded The Winter Singers and decided to concentrate on piano work, mainly vocal accompaniments. From this point his composition also changed from writing choral music, to turning his hand to solo songs.

In addition to his capacity as both a composer and conductor, Wilfrid Holland worked in various other roles. Between 1960 and 1970, he lectured in music for the Canberra Adult Education Authority, and he also worked as an examiner for both the Australian Music Examinations Board and the Australian Guild of Music and Speech. He was also active as a private music teacher of both piano and theory, and was awarded the Canberra Critics' Circle Award (Music) in October 1993 for "outstanding contribution to musical life in Canberra as teacher, composer and conductor".

He continued to give small private concerts up until the year of his death, and even retained several pupils during his later years. He died in his sleep on 15 September 2005 at his retirement home in Deakin, Australian Capital Territory, aged 85.

Holland's connection with Gonville and Caius College is celebrated by the Holland Fund, which exists to provide grants to students reading Music who are in financial need.


title: Wilbur Higby

abstract: Wilbur Higby was an American actor of the silent era. He appeared in more than 70 films between 1914 and 1934.

text:
# Wilbur Higby

**Wilbur Higby** (August 21, 1867  December 1, 1934) was an American actor of the silent era. He appeared in more than 70 films between 1914 and 1934.

## Stage

In the mid-1890s, Higby was a member of the stock company of the Grand Opera House in Boston, Massachusetts. Later in the 1890s and into the early 1900s, he performed with other stock groups in a variety of locales such as York, Pennsylvania; Rochester, New York; and Brooklyn, New York.

By 1903, Higby had his own troupe, the Wilbur Higby Dramatic Company, which was described in a newspaper article as "one of the highest class repertoire organizations in this country." Within four years, however, the Higby Company had apparently ceased to exist. A 1907 newspaper article described Higby as "leading man with the Morey Stock Co. this season."

## Later life

Higby's daughter, Mary Jane Higby, was an actress in television and old-time radio who made one film appearance, as Janet Fay in *The Honeymoon Killers*. Higby died in Hollywood, California in 1934, aged 67, from pneumonia.

## Selected filmography

## InfoBox

| Wilbur Higby | |
| --- | --- |
| Higby (right) in *The Medicine Man*, 1917 | |
| Born | (1867-08-21)August 21, 1867
Meridian, Fourth Military District, U.S. |
| Died | December 1, 1934(1934-12-01) (aged 67)
Hollywood, California, U.S. |
| Years active | 1914-1934 |


title: Willard Haley

abstract: Willard Haley is an American politician currently serving in the Missouri House of Representatives from Missouri's 58th district. He won the seat unanimously after no other candidate ran in the election. He was sworn in on January 6, 2021.

text:
# Willard Haley

**Willard Haley** is an American politician currently serving in the Missouri House of Representatives from Missouri's 58th district. He won the seat unanimously after no other candidate ran in the election. He was sworn in on January 6, 2021.

## Electoral history

Missouri House of Representatives Primary Election, August 4, 2020, District 58
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Willard Haley** | **3,853** | **67.32%** |
|  | Republican | Timothy Faber | 1,870 | 32.68% |
| Total votes | | | **5,723** | **100.00%** |

Missouri House of Representatives Election, November 3, 2020, District 58
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Willard Haley** | **13,689** | **100.00%** |
| Total votes | | | **13,689** | **100.00%** |

Missouri House of Representatives Primary Election, August 2, 2022, District 58
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Willard Haley** | **4,223** | **72.08%** | **+4.76** |
|  | Republican | Casey Pemberton | 1,636 | 27.92% | n/a |
| Total votes | | | **5,859** | **100.00%** |

Missouri House of Representatives Election, November 8, 2022, District 58
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Willard Haley** | **10,525** | **100.00%** | **0.00** |
| Total votes | | | **10,525** | **100.00%** |

## InfoBox

| Willard Haley | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Missouri House of Representatives from the 58th District | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office** <br>January 6, 2021 | |
| Preceded by | David Wood |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Boonville, Missouri, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Alma mater | University of Missouri |
|  | |


title: Willard H. George

abstract: Willard Hampton George was an American furrier based in Los Angeles, California. He designed, created, and supplied furs to the Hollywood movie studios from the 1920s onwards. George designed and created furs for Hollywood actresses including Lucille Ball, Greta Garbo, and Rita Hayworth. His former showroom at 3300 Wilshire Boulevard was being restored to its original Art Deco appearance as of 2017.

text:
# Willard H. George

**Willard Hampton George** (July 20, 1889 – October 24, 1956) was an American furrier based in Los Angeles, California. He designed, created, and supplied furs to the Hollywood movie studios from the 1920s onwards.

George designed and created furs for Hollywood actresses including Lucille Ball, Greta Garbo, and Rita Hayworth.

His former showroom at 3300 Wilshire Boulevard was being restored to its original Art Deco appearance as of 2017.

## Early life

Willard H. George was born to Sadie Kiel George and was a great-grandson of Conrad Kiel, an early settler of Las Vegas and owner of the Kyle Ranch in Las Vegas. He was born in Lincoln, Nebraska, on July 20, 1889, but grew up in Los Angeles, where he attended Manual Arts High School.

## Career

In 1910, George was employed as a furrier at a Los Angeles retail store. By 1918, he owned and operated Willard H. George Limited, designing and selling furs at 701 West 7th Street in central Los Angeles.

From 1929 to the 1950s, George ran his business from the Art Deco Willard H. George building at 3330 Wilshire Boulevard, on the corner with South Catalina Street, now known as the Koreatown district of Los Angeles. Afterwards, the building was home to the piano retailer Sherman Clay and Company for many years, but had been vacant since 2010, with plans to demolish it. As of 2017, it is being restored with the false wall hiding the original 1920s facade removed, and the wide sweeping 1950s staircase reinstated. George used the staircase as a runway for his models to show the furs to customers, rather than using in-store displays.

George designed and created furs for Hollywood actresses including Lucille Ball, Rita Hayworth, and Greta Garbo. He was known as "The Chinchilla Industry's Greatest Friend" after he created a grading system for chinchilla fur that was adopted throughout the United States and endorsed by the National Chinchilla Breeders Board in 1947.

## Personal life

He was the father of the musician Lowell George, who worked with Frank Zappa, and was the founder, vocalist and guitarist of Little Feat.

George died on October 24, 1956.

## InfoBox

| Willard H. George | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1889-07-20)July 20, 1889<br>Lincoln, Nebraska, US |
| Died | October 24, 1956(1956-10-24) (aged 67) |
| Education | Manual Arts High School |
| Occupation | Furrier |
| Children | Lowell George |


title: Willard H. Murray Jr.

abstract: Willard H. Murray Jr. was an American politician who served as a member of the California State Assembly from 1988 until 1996. Murray made an unsuccessful run for congress in a special election in 1996 when he lost to Juanita McDonald. After that loss, he left the Assembly due to term limits.

text:
# Willard H. Murray Jr.

**Willard H. Murray Jr.** (January 1, 1931 – December 20, 2021) was an American politician who served as a member of the California State Assembly from 1988 until 1996. Murray made an unsuccessful run for congress in a special election in 1996 when he lost to Juanita McDonald. After that loss, he left the Assembly due to term limits.

## Start in politics

After working as an engineer throughout the 1950s, he became involved politically with the onset of the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s. He served on the staffs of Los Angeles City Councilmen Robert Farrell and Billy Mills. On a state level, he served on the staffs of Lieutenant Governor Mervyn Dymally and as an advisor to the Senate Democratic Caucus. As a politician Murray focused on education, crime control, economic development, family values, homeless veterans, and pediatric and prenatal care for the poor.

## Other accomplishments

Murray established the first Institute on the Preservation of Jazz as an Artform at California State University, Long Beach, and established the Center for African-American Educational Excellence and Achievement at California State University, Dominguez Hills. Murray coauthored legislation which provides for Superintendents of Education in both the CDC and the California Youth Authority to have literacy programs for inmates to preempt recidivism. In 1997, the government of California rewarded Murray with a section of the State Route 91 named after him.

## Personal life and death

He was married to Barbara Murray. They had two children, Kevin, a former state senator from California's 26th Senate District and Melinda, a Deputy District Attorney for Los Angeles County. He died on December 20, 2021, at the age of 90.

## InfoBox

| Willard Murray | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the California State Assembly
from the 52nd district | |
| **In office**
December 7, 1992 - November 30, 1996 | |
| Preceded by | Paul Horcher |
| Succeeded by | Carl Washington |
| Member of the California State Assembly
from the 54th district | |
| **In office**
December 5, 1988 – November 30, 1992 | |
| Preceded by | Paul E. Zeltner |
| Succeeded by | Betty Karnette |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1931-01-01)January 1, 1931
Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Died | December 20, 2021(2021-12-20) (aged 90) |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse | Barbara Farris (m. 1956) |
| Children | Kevin and Melinda |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Branch/service | United States Air Force |
| Years of service | 1951–1958 |
| Battles/wars | Korean War |
|  | |


title: Widespread Panic discography

abstract: This is a discography for American rock band Widespread Panic. Since forming in 1986, Widespread Panic has released 12 studio albums, 8 live albums, 1 compilation album and 5 archive albums. To date, Widespread Panic has sold over three million records.

text:
# Widespread Panic discography

This is a **discography for American rock band Widespread Panic**. Since forming in 1986, Widespread Panic has released 12 studio albums, 8 live albums, 1 compilation album and 5 archive albums.

To date, Widespread Panic has sold over three million records.

## Albums

### Studio albums

| Date | Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| September 5, 1988 | *Space Wrangler* | First released on Landslide Records Recorded at John Keane's studio in Athens, GA |
| July 29, 1991 | *Widespread Panic* | First released by Capricorn Records and Warner Bros. Records. Recorded at Emerald Sound Studios (Nashville, Tennessee), Kiva Studios (Memphis, Tennessee), and Duck Tape Music Studio (Decatur, Alabama) |
| March 8, 1993 | *Everyday* | First released by Capricorn Records and Warner Bros. Records Recorded at Muscle Shoals Sound Studio in Sheffield, Alabama. Peaked at #184 on the *Billboard* 200 |
| September 5, 1994 | *Ain't Life Grand* | First released by Capricorn Records and Warner Bros. Records Recorded at John Keane's home studio in Athens, GA. Peaked at #85 on the *Billboard* 200. A single from the album, "Can't Get High", peaked at #34 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart in 1995. |
| February 3, 1997 | *Bombs & Butterflies* | First released by Capricorn Records Recorded at John Keane's home studio in Athens, GA. Peaked at #50 on the *Billboard* 200. A single from the album, "Hope in a Hopeless World", peaked at #13 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart in 1997. |
| July 27, 1999 | *'Til the Medicine Takes* | First released by Capricorn Records Recorded at John Keane's home studio in Athens, GA. Peaked at #68 on the *Billboard* 200. |
| June 19, 2001 | *Don't Tell the Band* | Released through the band's own label, Widespread Records, in conjunction with UK-based label Sanctuary Records. Peaked at #57 on the *Billboard* 200. |
| April 15, 2003 | *Ball* | Released through the band's own label, Widespread Records, in conjunction with UK-based label Sanctuary Records. Peaked at #61 on the *Billboard* 200. |
| June 13, 2006 | *Earth to America* | Released through the band's own label, Widespread Records, in conjunction with UK-based label Sanctuary Records Recorded in Nassau, Bahamas at the Compass Point Studios. Peaked at #48 on the *Billboard* 200. |
| February 12, 2008 | *Free Somehow* | Released through the band's own label, Widespread Records Recorded in Nassau, Bahamas at the Compass Point Studios. Peaked at #78 on the *Billboard* 200. |
| May 25, 2010 | *Dirty Side Down* | Released through the band's own label, Widespread Records Peaked at #27 on the *Billboard* 200. |
| September 25, 2015 | *Street Dogs* | Released through Vanguard Records Peaked at #53 on the *Billboard* 200. |
| June 7, 2024 | *Snake Oil King* | Released through the band's own label, Widespread Records |

### Live albums

| Date | Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| April 20, 1998 | *Light Fuse, Get Away* | Album was recorded over various concerts by the band in 1997 |
| May 23, 2000 | *Another Joyous Occasion* | Recorded over the Summer and Fall of 1999 when the band performed shows accompanied by The Dirty Dozen Brass Band |
| June 11, 2002 | *Live in the Classic City* | Recorded over an April 2000 three-night run in their hometown of Athens, GA |
| March 23, 2004 | *Night of Joy* | Recorded during November 6 & 7, 2003 shows at the House of Blues in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina when the band was accompanied by The Dirty Dozen Brass Band |
| July 13, 2004 | *Über Cobra* | Recorded during a November 8, 2003 show at the House of Blues in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina |
| September 28, 2004 | *Jackassolantern* | Recorded during various Halloween shows that the band has performed and is composed of cover songs the band has performed at those shows. |
| February 22, 2005 | *Live at Myrtle Beach* | Recorded during a November 8, 2003 show at the House of Blues in Myrtle Beach, South Carolina |
| September 28, 2010 | *Live in the Classic City II* | Recorded during a three-night run that took place on April 1–3, 2000 at the Classic Center Theater in Athens, Georgia |
| April 21, 2012 | *Live Wood* | Recorded at multiple locations during the acoustic Wood Tour from January–February 2012. 180 gram vinyl only release for Record Store Day 2012. |
| October 16, 2012 | *Wood* | Recorded at multiple locations during the acoustic Wood Tour from January–February 2012. |

### Compilation albums

| Date | Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| July 3, 2007 | *Choice Cuts: The Capricorn Years 1991–1999* | 14 song compilation that features song selections from Widespread Panic albums released by Capricorn Records. |

### Archive releases

#### Multi track recordings

Starting in June 2008, Widespread Panic began to release vintage concert performances from the Widespread Panic Archives. The band will continue to dig into their show archives, which encompasses the past 25 years, and release these shows as multi-track recordings.

| Date of Official Release | Title | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| June 10, 2008 | *Carbondale 2000* | Recorded live at Southern Illinois University Arena in Carbondale, Illinois on December 1, 2000 |
| February 24, 2009 | *Valdosta 1989* | Recorded live at The Armory in Valdosta, Georgia on April 8, 1989 |
| June 23, 2009 | *Huntsville 1996* | Recorded live at Von Braun Civic Center Arena in Huntsville, Alabama on April 3, 1996 |
| October 6, 2009 | *Montreal 1997* | Recorded live at Club Soda in Montreal, Quebec, Canada on September 8, 1997 |
| November 19, 2010 | *Johnson City 2001* | Recorded live at Freedom Hall in Johnson City, Tennessee on November 20, 2001 |
| June 28, 2011 | *Colorado Springs 1998* | Recorded live at City Auditorium in Colorado Springs, Colorado on October 20, 1998 |
| December 13, 2011 | *History Lesson New Years 1997* | Recorded live at the Fox Theatre in Atlanta on December 31, 1997 |
| May 28, 2013 | *Oak Mountain 2001 - Night 1* | Recorded live at Oak Mountain Amphitheatre in Pelham, Alabama on July 27, 2001 |
| December 5, 2013 | *Oak Mountain 2001 - Night 2* | Recorded live at Oak Mountain Amphitheatre in Pelham, Alabama on July 28, 2001 |
| May 13, 2014 | *Oak Mountain 2001 - Night 3* | Recorded live at Oak Mountain Amphitheatre in Pelham, Alabama on July 29, 2001 |
| March 31, 2017 | *Jacksonville 1999* | Recorded live at the Moran Theater in Jacksonville, Florida on April 27, 1999 |
| August 28, 2017 | *Columbia 1995* | Recorded live at Blue Note Theater in Columbia, Missouri on July 11, 1995 |
| July 20, 2018 | *Knoxville 1995* | Recorded live at Tennessee Amphitheater in Knoxville, Tennessee on September 28, 1995 |
| November 16, 2018 | *Northampton 1998* | Recorded live at Calvin Theatre in Northampton, Massachusetts on November 17, 1998 |
| August 18, 2023 | *Boone 1999* | Recorded live at Varsity Gym at Appalachian State University in Boone, North Carolina on April 22, 1999 |
| October 5, 2023 | *Hampton 1999* | Recorded live at Hampton Coliseum in Hampton, Virginia on November 27, 1999 |

#### Porch Songs

In December 2009, the band began releasing 2-track soundboard recordings of various archived shows. Because soundboard recordings are less time-consuming than multi-tracks, this project, named Porch Songs, allows the band to deliver show recordings in a timely fashion while they continue to release 3–4 multi-track recordings a year.

| Date of official release | Title | Recorded |
| --- | --- | --- |
| December 3, 2009 | *Mud Island '97* | Recorded live at Mud Island Amphitheater Arena in Memphis, Tennessee on July 18 & 19, 1997 |
| January 26, 2010 | *June 2001 Santa Fe* | Recorded live at Paolo Soleri, Santa Fe, New Mexico June 19 & 20, 2001 |
| February 23, 2010 | *Wilmington, DE 2001* | Recorded live at Kahuna Summer Stage in Wilmington, Delaware on July 22, 2001 |
| March 14, 2010 | *Milwaukee, WI 1996* | Recorded live at Modjeska Theatre in Milwaukee on November 1, 1996 |
| April 20, 2010 | *Chicago, IL 1996* | Recorded live at Aragon Ballroom in Chicago on October 31, 1996 |
| August 31, 2010 | *Morrison, CO 1996* | Recorded live at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Morrison, Colorado on May 31, 1996 |
| February 5, 2011 | *Jackson, WY '96* | Recorded live at Grandroom, Snow King Center Arena in Jackson, Wyoming on February 6 & 7, 1996 |
| November 18, 2011 | *Geneva, MN 2001* | Recorded live at Harmony Park Music Garden in Geneva, Minnesota on July 4, 2001 |
| March 13, 2012 | *Grand Junction, CO 1996* | Recorded live at Two Rivers Auditorium in Grand Junction, Colorado on June 10, 1996 |
| May 24, 2012 | *Omaha, NE 1997* | Recorded live at Ranch Bowl in Omaha, Nebraska on July 1, 1997 |
| June 29, 2012 | *Louisville, KY 1997* | Recorded live at The Palace in Louisville, Kentucky on May 7, 1997 |
| July 31, 2012 | *Atlanta, GA 1998* | Recorded live at The Fox Theatre in Atlanta on January 2, 1998 |
| August 31, 2012 | *Kalamazoo, MI 1997* | Recorded live at State Theater in Kalamazoo, Michigan on November 11, 1997 |
| December 17, 2012 | *Morrison, CO 2001* | Recorded live at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Morrison, Colorado on June 22–24, 2001 |
| March 12, 2013 | *Oxford, MS 1995* | Recorded live at Tad Smith Coliseum in Oxford, Mississippi on September 22, 1995 |
| August 13, 2013 | *Glenside, PA 1995* | Recorded live at the Keswick Theatre in Glenside, Pennsylvania on September 15, 1995 |
| January 31, 2014 | *Memphis, TN 2000* | Recorded live at Mid-South Coliseum in Memphis, Tennessee on November 24, 2000 |
| February 28, 2014 | *Memphis, TN 2000* | Recorded live at Mid-South Coliseum in Memphis, Tennessee on November 25, 2000 |
| August 19, 2014 | *Bozeman, MT 2001* | Recorded live at Brick Breeden Fieldhouse in Bozeman, Montana on October 19, 2001 |
| November 18, 2014 | *Chattanooga, TN 2001* | Recorded live at McKenzie Arena in Chattanooga, Tennessee on November 21, 2001 |
| December 16, 2014 | *Cedar Rapids 2002* | Recorded live at US Cellular Center in Cedar Rapids, Iowa on July 2, 2002 |
| February 24, 2015 | *Santa Cruz 1992* | Recorded live at The Catalyst in Santa Cruz, California on April 18, 1992 |
| January 19, 2017 | *Asheville 2000* | Recorded live at Asheville Civic Center in Asheville, North Carolina on November 22, 2000 |
| February 24, 2017 | *Charlotte 2001* | Recorded live at Independence Arena in Charlotte, North Carolina on November 17, 2001 |
| April 17, 2017 | *San Francisco 1992* | Recorded live at Warfield Theater in San Francisco, California on April 17, 1992 |
| May 22, 2017 | *Pittsburgh 1995* | Recorded live at Metropol in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania on April 11, 1995 |
| June 16, 2017 | *Red Rocks 1991* | Recorded live at Red Rocks Amphitheatre in Morrison, Colorado on September 14, 1991 |
| February 21, 2018 | *Bozeman 2000* | Recorded live at Brick Breeden Fieldhouse in Bozeman, Montana on November 10, 2000 |
| March 21, 2018 | *Tempe 1995* | Recorded live at Hayden Square in Tempe, Arizona on May 18, 1995 |
| May 16, 2018 | *Detroit 1996* | Recorded live at State Theatre in Detroit, Michigan on June 19, 1996 |
| June 6, 2018 | *Winston-Salem 1991* | Recorded live at Ziggy's in Winston-Salem, North Carolina on November 8, 1991 |
| June 13, 2018 | *Koblenz 1998* | Recorded live at Rockpalast Open Air Festival in Koblenz, Germany on June 21, 1998 |
| September 21, 2018 | *Mobile 1996* | Recorded live at Bayfest in Mobile, Alabama on October 5, 1996 |
| October 12, 2018 | *New Orleans 1992* | Recorded live at Tipitina's in New Orleans, Louisiana on October 26, 1992 |

## Other appearances

| Year | Song | Album |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1992 | "Papa's Home" | *The Mother Of All Flagpole Christmas Albums* |
| 1993 | "Walkin' (For Your Love)" "Pickin' Up The Pieces" | *The 2nd Consecutive Migration Of The Great American H.O.R.D.E. Festival* |
| 1993 | "Walkin' (For Your Love)" | *The Best Of Mountain Stage Live, Vol. 5* |
| 1995 | "And It Stoned Me" | *Hempilation: Freedom Is NORML* |
| 1997 | "Stop-Go" | *To The Extreme* |
| 1997 | "Aunt Avis (live)" | *KBCO Studio C Volume 9* |
| 1997 | "Hope In A Hopeless World" | *KGSR Broadcasts Vol. 5* |
| 1999 | "The Take Out" | *Scrapple (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)* |
| 2000 | "Cream Puff War" | *Stolen Roses: Songs of the Grateful Dead* |
| 2002 | "Tall Boy \> Testify \> Tall Boy" (with Dottie Peoples) | *Live From Bonnaroo* |
| 2003 | "Give" | *Carved in Stone* |
| 2004 | "Ain't No Horse" | *The Q People: A Tribute to NRBQ* |
| 2007 | "Crippled Inside" | *Instant Karma: The Amnesty International Campaign to Save Darfur (iTunes edition)* |
| 2007 | "Chest Fever" | *Endless Highway: The Music of The Band* |
| 2009 | "Up All Night" | *97.3 KBCO Studio C Volume Twenty-One* |
| 2009 | "Werewolves Of London" | *Californication Season 3 – Music From The Showtime Series* |
| 2011 | "Old Neighborhood" | *Use Me* David Bromberg |
| 2014 | "Solid Rock" | *Bob Dylan in the 80s: Volume One* |
| 2014 | "Just Ain't Easy" "Wasted Words" (with Derek Trucks) | *All My Friends: Celebrating The Songs & Voice Of Gregg Allman*Gregg Allman |
| 2016 | "Morning Dew" | *Dear Jerry: Celebrating The Music Of Jerry Garcia* |

## InfoBox

| Widespread Panic discography | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio albums | 12 |
| Live albums | 7 |
| Compilation albums | 1 |
| Archive Releases | 4 |


title: Willi Wigold

abstract: Willi Wigold was a German footballer who played as a forward for Fortuna Düsseldorf and the Germany national team. He joined Fortuna Düsseldorf in 1930 and was part of the team that won the 1933 German football championship. He played four matches for Germany between 1932 and 1934. Wigold was a corporal in the German army in World War II and died at Lake Ilmen during the Russian campaign. The exact date of his death is disputed, with some sources listing 12 August 1943.

text:
# Willi Wigold

**Willi Wigold** (10 December 1909 – 28 November 1944) was a German footballer who played as a forward for Fortuna Düsseldorf and the Germany national team. He joined Fortuna Düsseldorf in 1930 and was part of the team that won the 1933 German football championship. He played four matches for Germany between 1932 and 1934.

Wigold was a corporal in the German army in World War II and died at Lake Ilmen during the Russian campaign. The exact date of his death is disputed, with some sources listing 12 August 1943.

## InfoBox

Willi Wigold
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1909-12-10)10 December 1909 | | |
| Place of birth | Düsseldorf, Germany | | |
| Date of death | 28 November 1944(1944-11-28) (aged 34) | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
|  | Fortuna Düsseldorf |  |  |
| International career | | | |
| 1932–1934 | Germany | 4 | (3) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: William B. Broydrick

abstract: William B. Broydrick, was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, serving in the 16th Assembly District. He graduated from Cornell University with a B.A. in Government in 1970 and attended Johns Hopkins University 1970–1971. Broydrick is married with one child.

text:
# William B. Broydrick

**William B. Broydrick** (born October 30, 1948, in Boston, Massachusetts), was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, serving in the 16th Assembly District. He graduated from Cornell University with a B.A. in Government in 1970 and attended Johns Hopkins University 1970–1971. Broydrick is married with one child.

## Career

Broydrick was first elected to the Wisconsin State Assembly in a special election in January 1978 and reelected in 1978. He is a Democrat.

Prior to his time as a legislator he served as former Congressman Les Aspin's press secretary, managed Congressman Robert Cornell's campaign, and became former Wisconsin Governor Patrick Lucey’s senior administrative assistant. In 1993, Broydrick led the Office of Legislative Affairs where he served as a consultant to the Department of Defense.

Broydrick is now the Principal Lobbyist at Broydrick & Associates, a Washington, D.C., lobbying firm founded by him and his wife in 1981. In 2018 the firm served over 20 clients in industries including pharmaceuticals, finance, agriculture, infrastructure and manufacturing.

Broydrick is listed on Marquette University's Les Aspin Center for Government National Board of Visitors.

Mr. & Mrs. Broydrick have hosted many fundraisers and dinners at their Georgetown home, including a commemorative toast to JFK who once resided in their neighborhood.

In 2007 Broydrick's phone number turned up among a list of contacts of Deborah Jeane Palfrey.

In 2010 Broydrick & Associates sold a portion of the Wisconsin lobbying firm to three of the firm's employees, which now operates as the Madison, Wisconsin-based firm Hubbard, Wilson & Zelenkova. Broydrick continues to work as a lobbyist in Washington, D.C.

## InfoBox

| William B. Broydrick | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Wisconsin State Assembly
from the 16th district | |
| **In office**
January 24, 1978  November 1, 1981 | |
| Preceded by | Michael Elconin |
| Succeeded by | Thomas W. Meaux |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1948-10-30) October 30, 1948
Boston, Massachusetts, U.S. |
| Political party | Democratic |
|  | |


title: WWA World Women's Championship

abstract: The WWA World Women's Championship is an inactive professional wrestling women's professional wrestling championship promoted by the Mexican wrestling promotion World Wrestling Association (WWA). The title was created in 1989 but not very often defended, from 1991 to 2003 and 2003 to 2014 no record of any title defenses have been found, the title may have been inactive in those periods. Lady Apache is the current champion. As it was a professional wrestling championship, the championship was not won not by actual competition, but by a scripted ending to a match determined by the bookers and match makers. On occasion the promotion declares a championship vacant, which means there is no champion at that point in time. This can either be due to a storyline, or real life issues such as a champion suffering an injury being unable to defend the championship, or leaving the company.

text:
# WWA World Women's Championship

The **WWA World Women's Championship** (*Campeonato Mundial Femilin de WWA* in Spanish) is an inactive professional wrestling women's professional wrestling championship promoted by the Mexican wrestling promotion World Wrestling Association (WWA). The title was created in 1989 but not very often defended, from 1991 to 2003 and 2003 to 2014 no record of any title defenses have been found, the title may have been inactive in those periods. Lady Apache is the current champion.

As it was a professional wrestling championship, the championship was not won not by actual competition, but by a scripted ending to a match determined by the bookers and match makers. On occasion the promotion declares a championship vacant, which means there is no champion at that point in time. This can either be due to a storyline, or real life issues such as a champion suffering an injury being unable to defend the championship, or leaving the company.

## Title history

Key
| No. | Overall reign number |
| --- | --- |
| Reign | Reign number for the specific champion |
| Days | Number of days held |
| N/A | Unknown information |
| (NLT) | Championship change took place "no later than" the date listed |
|  | Championship change is unrecognized by the promotion |
| + | Current reign is changing daily |

| No. | Champion | Championship change | | | Reign statistics | | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Date | Event | Location | Reign | Days | | |
| 1 | Zuleyma | 1989 (NLT) | Live event | N/A | 1 |  |  |  |
| 2 | Lola Gonzales | July 20, 1989 | Live event | Tijuana, Mexico | 1 |  |  |  |
| 3 | Monster Ripper | December 1991 (NLT) | Live event | Hungary | 1 |  |  |  |
|  | *Championship history is unrecorded from December 1991 to March 23, 2003.* | | | | | | | | | | |
| 4 | Ayako Hamada | March 23, 2003 | Live event | N/A | 1 |  |  |  |
|  | *Championship history is unrecorded from March 23, 2003 to December 5, 2014.* | | | | | | | | | | |
| 5 | Lady Apache | December 5, 2014 | Live event | Tijuana | 1 | 3,594+ | Defeated Datura to win the vacant title. |  |

## Footnotes

* Hornbaker, Tim (2016). "Statistical notes". *Legends of Pro Wrestling - 150 years of headlocks, body slams, and piledrivers* (Revised ed.). New York, New York: Sports Publishing. ISBN 978-1-61321-808-2.
* Duncan, Royal; Will, Gary (2000). *Wrestling title histories: professional wrestling champions around the world from the 19th century to the present*. Waterloo, ON: Archeus Communications. ISBN 0-9698161-5-4.

1. Hornbaker 2016, p. 550.
2. Duncan & Will 2000, p. 271.
3. Duncan & Will 2000, p. 20.
4. Duncan & Will 2000, p. 201.
5. Duncan & Will 2000, p. 401.
6. SuperLuchas staff (January 5, 2003). "Número Especial - Lo mejor de la lucha libre mexicana durante el 2003". *Super Luchas* (in Spanish). issue 40.
7. Boutwell, Josh (December 14, 2014). "Viva la Raza! Lucha Weekly for 12/14/14". *Wrestleview*. Retrieved December 14, 2014.

## InfoBox

| WWA World Women's Championship<br>(*Campeonato Mundial Feminil de WWA*) | |
| --- | --- |
| Details | |
| Promotion | World Wrestling Association (WWA) |
| Date established | 1989 |
| Current champion(s) | Lady Apache |
| Date won | December 5, 2014 |


title: Park Drive 2000

abstract: The Park Drive 2000 was a series of invitational snooker tournaments staged between 1971 and 1972. All four editions were sponsored by Park Drive cigarettes. The four invited players played each other in a round-robin, with the top two then contesting a final. The winner of the final received prize money of £750 and the runner up received £550. John Spencer won three of the tournaments, with Ray Reardon winning the other. Each final was recorded and shown on BBC Grandstand. The highest break in any of the matches was a 146 compiled by Reardon in the Spring 1972 event.

text:
# Park Drive 2000

The **Park Drive 2000** was a series of invitational snooker tournaments staged between 1971 and 1972. All four editions were sponsored by Park Drive cigarettes. The four invited players played each other in a round-robin, with the top two then contesting a final. The winner of the final received prize money of £750 and the runner up received £550.

John Spencer won three of the tournaments, with Ray Reardon winning the other. Each final was recorded and shown on *BBC Grandstand*. The highest break in any of the matches was a 146 compiled by Reardon in the Spring 1972 event.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Runner-up | Final score | Season |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1971 (January) | John Spencer | Rex Williams | 4–1 | 1970/71 |
| 1971 (October) | Ray Reardon | John Spencer | 4–3 | 1971/72 |
| 1972 (Spring) | John Spencer | Alex Higgins | 4–3 | 1971/72 |
| 1972 (Autumn) | John Spencer | Alex Higgins | 5–3 | 1972/73 |

## 1971 (January)

The event was played between four invited professionals, as a triple round-robin. Matches were played across 18 club venues, with the final placing below. As the top two players in the round-robin, Spencer and Williams played each other in the final, which was televised by the BBC. Spencer won the final 4–1.

|  | Played | Won | Lost | Prize Money |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| John Spencer | 9 | 8 | 1 | £750 |
| Rex Williams | 9 | 5 | 4 | £550 |
| Gary Owen | 9 | 5 | 4 | £400 |
| John Pulman | 9 | 0 | 9 | £300 |

## 1971 (October)

The event took place at venues throughout England between 2 and 31 October 1971 and was played between four invited professionals, as a triple round-robin. Ray Reardon, who had not been able to participate in the January event as he had been on a tour of South Africa, was included. As the top two players in the round-robin, Spencer and Reardon played each other in the final which took place at the RAFA Club, Manchester, with Reardon winning 4–3. Reardon had needed Spencer to concede points from a foul shot when only the pink and black were left in the deciding frame, to obtain enough points to win.

|  | Played | Won | Lost | Prize Money |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| John Spencer | 9 | 7 | 2 | £550 |
| Ray Reardon | 9 | 4 | 5 | £750 |
| John Pulman | 9 | 4 | 5 | £400 |
| Rex Williams | 9 | 3 | 6 | £300 |

## 1972 (Spring)

The event was played between four invited professionals, as a triple round-robin. Reardon made a break of 146 in the round-robin stage, which was the highest-ever break in competitive play until overtaken by Spencer's maximum break at the 1979 Holsten Lager International. Alex Higgins, playing in his first major professional tournament, came second in the round robin rankings and lost 3–4 to Spencer. The following day, the same two players played the start of the week-long final of the 1972 World Snooker Championship.

|  | Played | Won | Lost | Prize Money |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| John Spencer | 9 | 6 | 3 | £750 |
| Alex Higgins | 9 | 5 | 4 | £550 |
| John Pulman | 9 | 4 | 5 | £400 |
| Ray Reardon | 9 | 3 | 6 | £300 |

## 1972 (Autumn)

The event took place at venues throughout England between 27 September and 29 October 1972 and was played between four invited professionals, as a triple round-robin. Spencer finished behind Higgins in the round-robin standings, but beat him 5–3 in the final. The final was held at Belle Vue, Manchester, in front of 2,000 spectators.

|  | Played | Won | Lost | Prize Money |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Alex Higgins | 9 | 7 | 2 | £550 |
| John Spencer | 9 | 6 | 3 | £750 |
| Ray Reardon | 9 | 3 | 6 | £400 |
| John Pulman | 9 | 2 | 7 | £300 |

## InfoBox

Park Drive 2000
| Tournament information | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Various |
| Country | England |
| Established | 1971 |
| Format | Invitational event |
| Final year | 1972 |
| Final champion | John Spencer |


title: Varanasi–Singrauli Intercity Express

abstract: The 13345 / 46 Varanasi Junction - Singrauli Intercity Express is an Express train belonging to Indian Railways East Central Railway zone that runs between Varanasi Junction and Singrauli in India. It operates as train number 13345 from Varanasi Junction to Singrauli and as train number 13346 in the reverse direction serving the states of Uttar Pradesh & Madhya Pradesh.

text:
# Varanasi–Singrauli Intercity Express

The 13345 / 46 **Varanasi Junction - Singrauli Intercity Express** is an Express train belonging to Indian Railways East Central Railway zone that runs between Varanasi Junction and Singrauli in India.

It operates as train number 13345 from Varanasi Junction to Singrauli and as train number 13346 in the reverse direction serving the states of Uttar Pradesh & Madhya Pradesh.

## Coaches

The 13345 / 46 Varanasi Junction - Singrauli Intercity Express has two AC Chair Car, ten Non AC chair car, six general unreserved & two SLR (seating with luggage rake) coaches . It does not carry a pantry car coach.

As is customary with most train services in India, coach composition may be amended at the discretion of Indian Railways depending on demand.

## Service

The 13345 Varanasi Junction \- Singrauli Intercity Express covers the distance of 210 km (130 mi) in 6 hours 40 mins (32 km/h) and in 7 hours 15 mins as the 13346 Singrauli \- Varanasi Junction Intercity Express (29 km/h).

As the average speed of the train is less than 55 km/h (34 mph), as per railway rules, its fare doesn't includes a Superfast surcharge.

## Routing

The 13345 / 46 Varanasi Junction - Singrauli Intercity Express runs from Varanasi Junction via Chunar, Robertsganj, Chopan to Singrauli.

## Traction

As the route is electrified, a Patratu based WDM-3A diesel locomotive pulls the train to its destination.

## InfoBox

Varanasi Junction - Singrauli Intercity Express
| Overview | |
| --- | --- |
| Service type | Express |
| First service | 1 July 2011 (2011-07-01) |
| Current operator(s) | East Central Railway zone |
| Route | |
| Termini | Varanasi Junction<br>Singrauli |
| Stops | 7 |
| Distance travelled | 210 km (130 mi) |
| Average journey time | 5 hours |
| Service frequency | Daily |
| Train number(s) | 13345 / 13346 |
| On-board services | |
| Class(es) | general unreserved |
| Seating arrangements | Yes |
| Sleeping arrangements | No |
| Catering facilities | No |
| Technical | |
| Rolling stock | Standard Indian Railways Coaches |
| Track gauge | 1,676 mm (5 ft 6 in) |
| Operating speed | 30.5 km/h (19 mph) |


abstract: South Kanara (South) Lok Sabha constituency was a former Lok Sabha constituency in Madras State. This seat came into existence in 1951. With the implementation of States Reorganisation Act, 1956, it ceased to exist.

text:
# South Kanara (South) Lok Sabha constituency

**South Kanara (South) Lok Sabha constituency** was a former Lok Sabha constituency in Madras State. This seat came into existence in 1951. With the implementation of States Reorganisation Act, 1956, it ceased to exist.

## Assembly segments

South Kanara (South) Lok Sabha constituency comprised the following six Legislative Assembly segments:

1. Panamangalore (Panemangalore)
2. Mangalore
3. Puttur (2 seats)
4. Kasaragod
5. Kanhangad

After South Canara District of erstwhile Madras State got merged with Mysore State in 1956, this seat ceased to exist and was replaced by Mangalore Lok Sabha constituency. The Parts of Kasargod and Hosdurg (Kanhangad) were merged with Kerala and became a part of Kasaragod Lok Sabha constituency.

## Members of Parliament

12°36′N 75°24′E / 12.6°N 75.4°E / 12.6; 75.4

## InfoBox

| South Kanara (South) | |
| --- | --- |
| Former Lok Sabha constituency | |
| Constituency details | |
| Country | India |
| Region | South India |
| State | Karnataka |
| Established | 1952 |
| Abolished | 1956 |
| Reservation | None |


abstract: "The Day the World Went Away" is the 10th episode of the fifth season of the American television drama series Person of Interest. It is the 100th overall episode of the series and is written by Andy Callahan and co-executive producer Melissa Scrivner Love and directed by Frederick E. O. Toye. It aired on CBS in the United States and on CTV in Canada on May 31, 2016. The series revolves around a computer program for the federal government known as "The Machine" that is capable of collating all sources of information to predict terrorist acts and to identify people planning them. A team follows "irrelevant" crimes: lesser level of priority for the government. However, their security and safety is put in danger following the activation of a new program named Samaritan. In the episode, Finch's cover is blown and the team tries to protect him while the war against Samaritan escalates. The episodes features the deaths of Carl Elias and Samantha "Root" Groves, who appeared in the show since the first season. The episode is named after Nine Inch Nails' song of the same name from the 1999 album The Fragile, the song also features at the end of the episode. According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 6.66 million household viewers and gained a 1.0/4 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received universal acclaim from critics, who praised the writing, directing, action, acting, twists and emotional impact. The scene where Finch provides a soliloquy received particular praise, with many deeming it one of the show's greatest moments.

text:
# The Day the World Went Away (Person of Interest)

"**The Day the World Went Away**" is the 10th episode of the fifth season of the American television drama series *Person of Interest*. It is the 100th overall episode of the series and is written by Andy Callahan and co-executive producer Melissa Scrivner Love and directed by Frederick E. O. Toye. It aired on CBS in the United States and on CTV in Canada on May 31, 2016.

The series revolves around a computer program for the federal government known as "The Machine" that is capable of collating all sources of information to predict terrorist acts and to identify people planning them. A team follows "irrelevant" crimes: lesser level of priority for the government. However, their security and safety is put in danger following the activation of a new program named Samaritan. In the episode, Finch's cover is blown and the team tries to protect him while the war against Samaritan escalates. The episodes features the deaths of Carl Elias and Samantha "Root" Groves, who appeared in the show since the first season. The episode is named after Nine Inch Nails' song of the same name from the 1999 album The Fragile, the song also features at the end of the episode.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 6.66 million household viewers and gained a 1.0/4 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received universal acclaim from critics, who praised the writing, directing, action, acting, twists and emotional impact. The scene where Finch provides a soliloquy received particular praise, with many deeming it one of the show's greatest moments.

## Plot

At a café, Finch (Michael Emerson) talks to the Machine through cameras. He has been thinking about his death and wonders if his friends will also die but receives no answer. A waitress tells him welcome back, which worries Finch that his identity may be exposed and leaves. He returns to the station where he talks with Root (Amy Acker) about his plans to close the Machine and decides to test if the Machine will get its own voice and name.

At his college's office, Finch is visited by Reese (Jim Caviezel) and Root, who tell him he is the Machine's newest number. They escape his office just as hitmen arrive. They move to the safe house with Elias (Enrico Colantoni), Shaw (Sarah Shahi) and Fusco (Kevin Chapman), where Shaw deduces that due to her return, Finch's cover was blown. Root then reveals to Finch that before he shut down the Machine, she gave it a self-defense program that only works if Finch activates it. As hitmen arrive, Elias takes Finch to another safe place while the rest of the team prepares to attack the hitmen.

Elias takes Finch to a high-rise building to avoid detection. There, Finch deduces that the café was where he had his first date with Grace, finding out that Samaritan now tracks their past actions. The rest of the team finds that the hitmen worked for the same company, "Temporary Resolutions" so Reese and Fusco go to the offices to investigate. They are ambushed by hitmen but manage to escape. Back at the high-rise building, hitmen locate Elias and Finch and Elias uses henchmen to evade them and get outside. However, during their runaway, Elias is killed by a shot in the head and Finch is captured.

Finch is brought before Greer (John Nolan), who intends to have him forcefully work on Samaritan. Root and Shaw locate him and start a gunfight with Greer's henchmen. Shaw stays behind to fend them off while Root and Finch escape. After a lengthy car chase, Root and Finch evade the hitmen. However, Jeff Blackwell (Josh Close) shoots from a rooftop to the car, intending to kill Finch but Root stands in the way and is wounded. They are forced to stop at a police roadblock where Finch is arrested while Root is taken to the hospital.

The police has Finch in custody with charges going up to treason from 1974. Questioned by an agent, a devastated Finch provides a soliloquy on how he intends to abandon the principles he has long followed and vows to kill Samaritan. As he is taken to his cell, he receives a call from a payphone: it's the Machine, with Root's voice. Fusco has discovered that Root didn't survive her wounds and died. Finch asks the Machine for help and she agrees to do it. The power goes off and all inmates escape. While Reese and Shaw inspect the area, they are informed by Fusco of Root's fate. They realize that Finch's number came up not just because he was a victim, but also because he's a perpetrator against Greer and Samaritan.

## Production

### Writing

The episode featured the death of Samantha "Root" Groves, played by Amy Acker since the first season. Series creator Jonathan Nolan explained that her arc was planned since the second season and when they started working on the fifth season, he questioned "Look, this is the plan we had in mind. Do we really want to go this way?" They decided to incorporate the story after deciding at the beginning of production that the season would be its last. He also viewed the Machine's development, "It's not a cop-out, it's an evolution of a character, a Machine that has been, for five seasons, casting about looking for a voice for an avatar, and has settled, for three seasons now, on Root as its analog interface. Well, this is the ultimate evolution of that." Regarding the Machine's use of Root's voice, executive producer Greg Plageman said, "I feel like the Machine was Root's first love, in some ways, and the way she went out, protecting the father of the Machine and understanding the ultimate import of this in the world, is perfect. It's perfect." Talking about Finch's subsequent interrogation scene, Plageman added "We have to give that character license to and why and what does it mean? He's carried this tremendous baggage. The loss of so many people close to him - Nathan Ingram, pushing away Grace. Everyone close to him who's lost someone, it becomes a tipping point in the 100th episode. And to see that turn -- Michael Emerson is thrilling."

Amy Acker commented on her character's fate, explaining "It was really sad. I didn't quite know what the involvement was going to be necessarily when I became the voice of the Machine, but it actually ended up -- I was crying, 'I'm so sad to leave!', thinking I wasn't going to see everyone. And then the way that it worked out with the last three episodes, they were like, 'You're back!'" She also added, "Root's first love was The Machine and brought her into the world of all of these people to begin with. That's the great thing about *Person of Interest*. It's never been about sexuality. It's always just been about doing what you have to do for the people you love or for the things you love. I think this is another example of Root doing what she had to do to save all these people who she loves in her mind."

## Reception

### Viewers

In its original American broadcast, "The Day the World Went Away" was seen by an estimated 6.66 million household viewers and gained a 1.0/4 ratings share among adults aged 18–49, according to Nielsen Media Research. This means that 1 percent of all households with televisions watched the episode, while 4 percent of all households watching television at that time watched it. This was a 21% increase in viewership from the previous episode, which was watched by 5.49 million viewers with a 0.8/3 in the 18-49 demographics. With these ratings, *Person of Interest* was the most watched show on CBS for the night, second on its timeslot and third for the night in the 18-49 demographics, behind *Maya & Marty*, and *America's Got Talent*.

With Live +7 DVR factored in, the episode was watched by 8.96 million viewers with a 1.5 in the 18-49 demographics.

### Critical reviews

"The Day the World Went Away" received universal acclaim from critics. Matt Fowler of *IGN* gave the episode a perfect "masterpiece" 10 out of 10 rating and wrote in his verdict, "'The Day the World Went Away' was a mesmerizing and devastating gateway into *Person of Interest*'s tragic endgame. Expertly executed, this chapter took some big players off the game board while setting Finch up for a very dark turn."

Alexa Planje of *The A.V. Club* gave the episode an "A" grade and wrote, "Some of the best episodes of the series are those that show off *Person of Interest*'s range, balancing rich, philosophical dialogue with complex, thrilling action sequences. This is one of those episodes, and it's a great way to gear viewers up for the final showdown."

Chancellor Agard of *Entertainment Weekly* wrote, "'The Day the World Went Away' is a culmination of several seasons worth of work and is definitely a game-changer for the show in more ways than one."

Sean McKenna of *TV Fanatic* gave the episode a perfect 5 star rating out of 5 and wrote "'The Day the World Went Away' was a riveting, engaging and emotional hour of *Person of Interest* Season 5. I can only imagine how the final three episodes are going to play out."

## InfoBox

| "**The Day the World Went Away**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Person of Interest* episode | |
| Episode no. | Season 5<br>Episode 10 |
| Directed by | Frederick E. O. Toye |
| Written by | Andy Callahan & Melissa Scrivner Love |
| Featured music | Ramin Djawadi |
| Cinematography by | David Insley |
| Editing by | Mark Conte & L.B. Brodie |
| Production code | 3J6010 |
| Original air date | May 31, 2016 (2016-05-31) |
| Running time | 43 minutes |
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