title: 1960–61 Oberliga

abstract: The 1960–61 Oberliga was the sixteenth season of the Oberliga, the first tier of the football league system in West Germany. The league operated in five regional divisions, Berlin, North, South, Southwest and West. The five league champions and the runners-up from the west, south, southwest and north then entered the 1961 German football championship which was won by 1. FC Nürnberg. It was 1. FC Nürnberg's eighth national championship and its first since 1948. A similar-named league, the DDR-Oberliga, existed in East Germany, set at the first tier of the East German football league system. The 1960 DDR-Oberliga was won by ASK Vorwärts Berlin, after which the league reverted to the traditional autumn-spring format and held its next season in 1961–62.

text:
# 1960–61 Oberliga

The **1960–61 Oberliga**  was the sixteenth season of the Oberliga, the first tier of the football league system in West Germany. The league operated in five regional divisions, Berlin, North, South, Southwest and West. The five league champions and the runners-up from the west, south, southwest and north then entered the 1961 German football championship which was won by 1. FC Nürnberg. It was 1. FC Nürnberg's eighth national championship and its first since 1948.

A similar-named league, the DDR-Oberliga, existed in East Germany, set at the first tier of the East German football league system. The 1960 DDR-Oberliga was won by ASK Vorwärts Berlin, after which the league reverted to the traditional autumn-spring format and held its next season in 1961–62 .

## Oberliga Nord

The 1960–61 season saw two new clubs in the league, VfB Oldenburg and Heider SV, both promoted from the Amateurliga. The league's top scorer was Uwe Seeler of Hamburger SV with 29 goals, the highest total for any scorer in the five Oberligas in 1960–61.

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Hamburger SV | 30 | 24 | 2 | 4 | 101 | 29 | +72 | 50 | Qualification to German championship |
| 2 | Werder Bremen | 30 | 19 | 5 | 6 | 73 | 47 | +26 | | 43 |
| 3 | VfL Osnabrück | 30 | 17 | 5 | 8 | 67 | 43 | +24 | 39 |  |
| 4 | FC St. Pauli | 30 | 16 | 4 | 10 | 60 | 46 | +14 | | 36 |
| 5 | Hannover 96 | 30 | 15 | 5 | 10 | 64 | 43 | +21 | | 35 |
| 6 | FC Altona 93 | 30 | 13 | 4 | 13 | 39 | 53 | 14 | | 30 |
| 7 | Holstein Kiel | 30 | 12 | 5 | 13 | 49 | 49 | 0 | | 29 |
| 8 | VfV Hildesheim | 30 | 12 | 4 | 14 | 48 | 52 | 4 | | 28 |
| 9 | Eintracht Braunschweig | 30 | 10 | 8 | 12 | 51 | 56 | 5 | | 28 |
| 10 | VfB Oldenburg | 30 | 7 | 12 | 11 | 45 | 55 | 10 | | 26 |
| 11 | VfR Neumünster | 30 | 7 | 12 | 11 | 44 | 56 | 12 | | 26 |
| 12 | Concordia Hamburg | 30 | 8 | 8 | 14 | 44 | 69 | 25 | | 24 |
| 13 | ASV Bergedorf 85 | 30 | 8 | 7 | 15 | 37 | 57 | 20 | | 23 |
| 14 | TuS Bremerhaven 93 | 30 | 9 | 5 | 16 | 37 | 67 | 30 | | 23 |
| 15 | VfB Lübeck (R) | 30 | 7 | 8 | 15 | 38 | 50 | 12 | 22 | Relegation to Amateurliga |
| 16 | Heider SV (R) | 30 | 7 | 4 | 19 | 38 | 73 | 35 | | 18 |

Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) Points;
(R) Relegated

## Oberliga Berlin

The 1960–61 season saw two new clubs in the league, Kickers 1900 Berlin and BFC Südring, both promoted from the Amateurliga Berlin. The league's top scorer was Helmut Faeder of Hertha BSC Berlin with 17 goals.

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Hertha BSC Berlin | 27 | 18 | 8 | 1 | 69 | 19 | +50 | 44 | Qualification to German championship |
| 2 | Tasmania 1900 Berlin | 27 | 17 | 4 | 6 | 62 | 36 | +26 | 38 |  |
| 3 | Tennis Borussia Berlin | 27 | 12 | 7 | 8 | 55 | 33 | +22 | | 31 |
| 4 | Spandauer SV | 27 | 13 | 4 | 10 | 45 | 45 | 0 | | 30 |
| 5 | Wacker 04 Berlin | 27 | 9 | 5 | 13 | 43 | 50 | 7 | | 23 |
| 6 | Viktoria 89 Berlin | 27 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 32 | 43 | 11 | | 23 |
| 7 | BFC Südring | 27 | 8 | 5 | 14 | 39 | 53 | 14 | | 21 |
| 8 | Berliner SV 92 | 27 | 8 | 5 | 14 | 29 | 44 | 15 | | 21 |
| 9 | Hertha Zehlendorf | 27 | 7 | 6 | 14 | 33 | 50 | 17 | | 20 |
| 10 | Kickers 1900 Berlin (R) | 27 | 7 | 5 | 15 | 28 | 62 | 34 | 19 | Relegation to Amateurliga Berlin |

Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) Points;
(R) Relegated

## Oberliga West

The 1960–61 season saw two new clubs in the league, SV Sodingen and TSV Marl-Hüls, both promoted from the 2. Oberliga West. The league's top scorer was Jürgen Schütz of Borussia Dortmund with 27 goals.

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1. FC Köln | 30 | 18 | 6 | 6 | 79 | 33 | +46 | 42 | Qualification to German championship |
| 2 | Borussia Dortmund | 30 | 15 | 9 | 6 | 70 | 46 | +24 | | 39 |
| 3 | FC Schalke 04 | 30 | 11 | 13 | 6 | 59 | 40 | +19 | 35 |  |
| 4 | Rot-Weiß Oberhausen | 30 | 12 | 11 | 7 | 48 | 36 | +12 | | 35 |
| 5 | Westfalia Herne | 30 | 13 | 8 | 9 | 60 | 47 | +13 | | 34 |
| 6 | Borussia München-Gladbach | 30 | 12 | 7 | 11 | 58 | 58 | 0 | | 31 |
| 7 | Sportfreunde Hamborn | 30 | 12 | 7 | 11 | 46 | 48 | 2 | | 31 |
| 8 | Alemannia Aachen | 30 | 12 | 5 | 13 | 61 | 61 | 0 | | 29 |
| 9 | Preußen Münster | 30 | 10 | 7 | 13 | 41 | 50 | 9 | | 27 |
| 10 | Viktoria Köln | 30 | 11 | 5 | 14 | 49 | 62 | 13 | | 27 |
| 11 | Meidericher SV | 30 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 47 | 48 | 1 | | 26 |
| 12 | TSV Marl-Hüls | 30 | 10 | 6 | 14 | 41 | 61 | 20 | | 26 |
| 13 | Duisburger SV | 30 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 40 | 67 | 27 | | 26 |
| 14 | SV Sodingen | 30 | 9 | 7 | 14 | 47 | 58 | 11 | | 25 |
| 15 | Rot-Weiß Essen (R) | 30 | 7 | 10 | 13 | 32 | 46 | 14 | 24 | Relegation to 2. Oberliga West |
| 16 | VfL Bochum (R) | 30 | 9 | 5 | 16 | 45 | 62 | 17 | | 23 |

Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) Points;
(R) Relegated

## Oberliga Südwest

The 1960–61 season saw two new clubs in the league, TuS Neuendorf and SV Niederlahnstein, both promoted from the 2. Oberliga Südwest. The league's top scorer was Josef Christ of Sportfreunde Saarbrücken with 25 goals.

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1. FC Saarbrücken | 30 | 19 | 4 | 7 | 71 | 40 | +31 | 42 | Qualification to German championship |
| 2 | Borussia Neunkirchen | 30 | 18 | 6 | 6 | 72 | 43 | +29 | | 42 |
| 3 | FK Pirmasens | 30 | 17 | 7 | 6 | 79 | 32 | +47 | 41 |  |
| 4 | 1. FC Kaiserslautern | 30 | 14 | 8 | 8 | 52 | 38 | +14 | | 36 |
| 5 | FSV Mainz 05 | 30 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 37 | 45 | 8 | | 31 |
| 6 | Sportfreunde Saarbrücken | 30 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 67 | 51 | +16 | | 30 |
| 7 | Wormatia Worms | 30 | 12 | 6 | 12 | 59 | 56 | +3 | | 30 |
| 8 | Saar 05 Saarbrücken | 30 | 11 | 7 | 12 | 60 | 67 | 7 | | 29 |
| 9 | TuRa Ludwigshafen | 30 | 11 | 6 | 13 | 53 | 51 | +2 | | 28 |
| 10 | Phönix Ludwigshafen | 30 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 41 | 51 | 10 | | 28 |
| 11 | TuS Neuendorf | 30 | 8 | 10 | 12 | 37 | 44 | 7 | | 26 |
| 12 | Eintracht Kreuznach | 30 | 9 | 8 | 13 | 42 | 53 | 11 | | 26 |
| 13 | Eintracht Trier | 30 | 10 | 6 | 14 | 39 | 50 | 11 | | 26 |
| 14 | SC Ludwigshafen | 30 | 8 | 9 | 13 | 36 | 47 | 11 | | 25 |
| 15 | VfR Frankenthal (R) | 30 | 9 | 5 | 16 | 39 | 63 | 24 | 23 | Relegation to 2. Oberliga Südwest |
| 16 | SV Niederlahnstein (R) | 30 | 6 | 5 | 19 | 39 | 83 | 44 | | 17 |

Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) Points;
(R) Relegated

## Oberliga Süd

The 1960–61 season saw two new clubs in the league, Jahn Regensburg and SV Waldhof Mannheim, both promoted from the 2. Oberliga Süd. The league's top scorer were Rudolf Brunnenmeier, TSV 1860 München, and Erwin Stein, Eintracht Frankfurt, with 23 goals each.

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1. FC Nürnberg (C) | 30 | 23 | 2 | 5 | 96 | 30 | +66 | 48 | Qualification to German championship |
| 2 | Eintracht Frankfurt | 30 | 18 | 5 | 7 | 78 | 38 | +40 | | 41 |
| 3 | Karlsruher SC | 30 | 17 | 4 | 9 | 75 | 51 | +24 | 38 |  |
| 4 | Kickers Offenbach | 30 | 16 | 4 | 10 | 57 | 46 | +11 | | 36 |
| 5 | SSV Reutlingen | 30 | 15 | 2 | 13 | 65 | 55 | +10 | | 32 |
| 6 | TSV 1860 München | 30 | 14 | 4 | 12 | 61 | 66 | 5 | | 32 |
| 7 | VfB Stuttgart | 30 | 14 | 2 | 14 | 57 | 53 | +4 | | 30 |
| 8 | FC Bayern Munich | 30 | 12 | 6 | 12 | 57 | 54 | +3 | | 30 |
| 9 | VfR Mannheim | 30 | 13 | 3 | 14 | 53 | 51 | +2 | | 29 |
| 10 | FC Bayern Hof | 30 | 9 | 9 | 12 | 41 | 60 | 19 | | 27 |
| 11 | SpVgg Fürth | 30 | 11 | 4 | 15 | 40 | 47 | 7 | | 26 |
| 12 | FSV Frankfurt | 30 | 9 | 8 | 13 | 45 | 59 | 14 | | 26 |
| 13 | SV Waldhof Mannheim | 30 | 10 | 5 | 15 | 47 | 56 | 9 | | 25 |
| 14 | FC Schweinfurt 05 | 30 | 9 | 7 | 14 | 42 | 54 | 12 | | 25 |
| 15 | TSG Ulm 1846 (R) | 30 | 9 | 6 | 15 | 48 | 62 | 14 | 24 | Relegation to 2. Oberliga Süd |
| 16 | Jahn Regensburg (R) | 30 | 3 | 5 | 22 | 27 | 107 | 80 | | 11 |

Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) Points;
(C) Champions; (R) Relegated

## German championship

The 1961 German football championship was contested by the nine qualified Oberliga teams and won by 1. FC Nürnberg, defeating Borussia Dortmund in the final. The runners-up of the Oberliga Süd and Südwest played a pre-qualifying match. The remaining eight clubs then played a home-and-away round in two groups of four. The two group winners then advanced to the final.

### Qualifying

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Eintracht Frankfurt** | 5–0 | Borussia Neunkirchen |

### Group 1

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |  | DOR | EF | HSV | FCS |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Borussia Dortmund (Q) | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 19 | 12 | +7 | 7 | Qualified to final |  |  | 0–1 | 7–2 | 2–2 |
| 2 | Eintracht Frankfurt | 6 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 13 | 9 | +4 | 7 |  |  | 1–2 |  | 4–2 | 1–1 |
| 3 | Hamburger SV | 6 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 14 | 19 | 5 | | 6 |  | 2–5 | 2–1 |  | 3–0 |
| 4 | 1. FC Saarbrücken | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 11 | 17 | 6 | | 4 |  | 4–3 | 2–5 | 2–3 |  |

Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) Points;
(Q) Qualified for the phase indicated

### Group 2

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts | Promotion, qualification or relegation |  | FCN | WB | FCK | HB |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1. FC Nürnberg (Q) | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0 | 18 | 9 | +9 | 10 | Qualified to final |  |  | 4–0 | 3–3 | 3–3 |
| 2 | Werder Bremen | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 8 | 11 | 3 | 6 |  |  | 2–4 |  | 1–1 | 1–0 |
| 3 | 1. FC Köln | 6 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 11 | 12 | 1 | | 5 |  | 1–2 | 1–1 |  | 3–4 |
| 4 | Hertha BSC Berlin | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 9 | 14 | 5 | | 3 |  | 0–2 | 1–3 | 1–2 |  |

Source: RSSSF.com
Rules for classification: 1) Points;
(Q) Qualified for the phase indicated

### Final

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **1. FC Nürnberg** | 3–0 | Borussia Dortmund |

### Sources

* *30 Jahre Bundesliga* (in German) 30th anniversary special, publisher: *kicker Sportmagazin*, published: 1993
* *kicker-Almanach 1990* (in German) Yearbook of German football, publisher: *kicker Sportmagazin*, published: 1989, ISBN 3-7679-0297-4
* *DSFS Liga-Chronik seit 1945* (in German) publisher: DSFS, published: 2005
* *100 Jahre Süddeutscher Fußball-Verband* (in German) 100 Years of the Southern German Football Federation, publisher: SFV, published: 1997

## InfoBox

Oberliga
| Season | 1960–61 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Hamburger SVHertha BSC Berlin1. FC Köln1. FC Saarbrücken1. FC Nürnberg |
| Relegated | VfB LübeckHeider SVKickers 1900 BerlinRot-Weiß EssenVfL BochumVfR FrankenthalSV NiederlahnsteinTSG Ulm 1846Jahn Regensburg |
| German champions | 1. FC Nürnberg<br>8th German title |
| Top goalscorer | Uwe Seeler(29 goals) |
| 1959–60 1961–62 | |


title: Stefan Petzner

abstract: Stefan Petzner is an Austrian politician. He was a member of the right-wing Alliance for the Future of Austria (Bündnis Zukunft Österreich, BZÖ). Petzner is a former reporter and a student of journalism. Petzner directed the election campaigns in 2006 and 2008. In 2008 Petzner was appointed secretary general of the BZÖ.

text:
# Stefan Petzner

**Stefan Petzner** (born 17 January 1981 in Laßnitz bei Murau, Styria) is an Austrian politician. He was a member of the right-wing Alliance for the Future of Austria *(Bündnis Zukunft Österreich, BZÖ)*. Petzner is a former reporter (of the Styrian Kleine Zeitung) and a student of journalism. Petzner directed the election campaigns in 2006 and 2008. In 2008 Petzner was appointed secretary general of the BZÖ.

## Jörg Haider

After Jörg Haider's death in a car accident on 11 October 2008, the party's executive committee nominated Petzner to succeed as party chairman. In an interview on the same day Petzner declared in tears that Jörg Haider was his "Lebensmensch", i.e. the "person of his life".

On 19 October 2008, Petzner announced that he and Haider had been having "a relationship that went far beyond friendship" with the full knowledge of Haider's wife, Claudia. The Associated Press reported Petzner's comments as "Jörg and I were connected by something truly special. He was the man of my life ... I loved him as a best friend." The article was titled: *Was Austrian far-right leader Joerg Haider gay?* Euronews ran the headline "Rumours of Joerg Haider’s secret gay life." Other reports had that “some say” Haider had died “after a furious row with the man who now claims to have been his lover.”

Petzner's statements were criticized within the party as misleading and fit to be interpreted as insinuating a homosexual relationship between Haider and Petzner. His party's officials made a rushed attempt to limit the damage for the image of their far-right group and banned several other interviews that were to have occurred that week.

## BZÖ

From 12 October to 19 November 2008 he served as acting party chairman and was succeeded by Herbert Scheibner. Petzner concentrated on directing the party's election campaign in the federal state Carinthia where, in March 2009, the party won a near-landslide victory taking over 45% of the vote.

As the party's designated leader, Petzner was also expected to be elected *Klubobmann*, i.e. chairman of the party's parliamentary group, but on 22 October 2008, Josef Bucher was elected instead, with Petzner becoming one of the five vice chairmen. Petzner himself was reported to have suggested Bucher, who was elected unanimously. Bucher's election was widely interpreted as the result of the rising criticism of Petzner's earlier statements.

When on 30 January 2010, after the secession of the majority of party officials and members from the Carinthian party, Bucher was elected Chairman of the newly formed Carinthian BZÖ, Petzner was unanimously elected Acting Chairman (the position Jörg Haider had held from 2005 till his death) and Vice-Chairman.

On 8 April 2010 Petzner announced his resignation as Secretary General of the nationwide BZÖ. His simultaneous position as Acting Chairman of the Carinthian BZÖ, where, after the break-away of the Freedom Party in Carinthia, a great deal of work needed to be done and would require his full concentration. Only a week earlier he had dismissed any such rumours of resignation as "attempts from a third party to disturb the Easter peace."

In March 2011 Petzner stepped down from the position as Acting Chairman (succeeded by Sigisbert Dolinschek).

He was Josef Bucher's Vice-Chairmen in the newly formed Carinthian BZÖ state party until expulsion.

On 1 October 2013, Petzner was expelled from the BZÖ for "party damaging behaviour" after demanding Josef Bucher step down and criticizing the campaign after losing major voting shares in the 2013 Austrian legislative election to the Freedom Party.


title: Malwinder Singh Kang

abstract: Malwinder Singh Kang is an Indian Politician. He is a member of Aam Aadmi Party. He is the chief spokesperson of Aam Aadmi Party for Punjab.

text:
# Malwinder Singh Kang

**Malwinder Singh Kang** is an Indian Politician. He is a member of Aam Aadmi Party. He is the chief spokesperson of Aam Aadmi Party for Punjab.

## Birth

Sardar Malwinder Singh was born in Village Kang in a Kang Jatt Sikh family.

## Political career

Kang has been elected as a Member of Parliament from Anandpur Sahib Lok Sabha constituency in 2024 General Elections.

## InfoBox

| Malwinder Singh Kang | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of Parliament | |
| **In office**<br>2024 - Present | |
| Preceded by | Manish Tewari |
| Constituency | Anandpur Sahib |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Aam Aadmi Party |
| Residence | Mohali |
|  | |


title: Wentworth, South Dakota

abstract: Wentworth is an incorporated village in Lake County, South Dakota, United States. It is the only incorporated village in the state of South Dakota. The population was 181 at the 2020 census.

text:
# Wentworth, South Dakota

**Wentworth** is an incorporated village in Lake County, South Dakota, United States. It is the only incorporated village in the state of South Dakota. The population was 181 at the 2020 census.

## History

Wentworth was platted in 1881, and named for the local Wentworth family, the original owner of the town site. It is known for being the mailing address of the cabins and vacation homes around Lake Madison, South Dakota.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 0.25 square miles (0.65 km2), all land.

The town is near Milwaukee Lake.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1900 | 181 |  |  |
| 1910 | 329 |  | 81.8% |
| 1920 | 360 |  | 9.4% |
| 1930 | 310 |  | −13.9% |
| 1940 | 303 |  | −2.3% |
| 1950 | 270 |  | −10.9% |
| 1960 | 211 |  | −21.9% |
| 1970 | 196 |  | −7.1% |
| 1980 | 193 |  | −1.5% |
| 1990 | 181 |  | −6.2% |
| 2000 | 188 |  | 3.9% |
| 2010 | 171 |  | −9.0% |
| 2020 | 181 |  | 5.8% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

### 2020 census

As of the census of 2020, there were 181 people and with 712.60/sq mi.

### 2010 census

As of the census of 2010, there were 171 people, 75 households, and 46 families residing in the village. The population density was 684.0 inhabitants per square mile (264.1/km2). There were 86 housing units at an average density of 344.0 per square mile (132.8/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 99.4% White and 0.6% Native American. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.6% of the population.

There were 75 households, out of which 21.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.3% were married couples living together, 13.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 2.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.7% were non-families. 33.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.96.

The median age in the village was 41.4 years. 23.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 27.5% were from 25 to 44; 30.4% were from 45 to 64; and 12.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the village was 49.7% male and 50.3% female.

### 2000 census

As of the census of 2000, there were 188 people, 83 households, and 54 families residing in the city. The population density was 741.6 inhabitants per square mile (286.3/km2). There were 90 housing units at an average density of 355.0 per square mile (137.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 96.81% White, 1.60% Native American, 0.53% Asian, and 1.06% from two or more races.

There were 83 households, out of which 26.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.6% were married couples living together, 9.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.9% were non-families. 25.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.27 and the average family size was 2.70.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 21.3% under the age of 18, 11.2% from 18 to 24, 21.8% from 25 to 44, 30.3% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $33,438, and the median income for a family was $36,042. Males had a median income of $31,000 versus $22,500 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,097. None of the families and 8.6% of the population were living below the poverty line.

## InfoBox

| Wentworth, South Dakota | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Location in Lake County and the state of South Dakota | |
| Coordinates: 43°59′49″N 96°57′52″W / 43.99694°N 96.96444°W / 43.99694; -96.96444 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | South Dakota |
| County | Lake |
| Incorporated | 1896 |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.25 sq mi (0.66 km2) |
| Land | 0.25 sq mi (0.66 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,696 ft (517 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 181 |
| Density | 712.60/sq mi (275.19/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP code | 57075 |
| Area code | 605 |
| FIPS code | 46-70020 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1267630 |


title: Thermophobia

abstract: Thermophobia is intolerance for high temperatures by either inorganic materials or organisms. The term has a number of specific usages. In pharmacy, a thermophobic foam consisting of 0.1% betamethasone valerate was found to be at least as effective as conventional remedies for treating dandruff. In addition, the foam is non-greasy and does not irritate the scalp. Another use of thermophobic material is in treating hyperhydrosis of the axilla and the palm: A thermophobic foam named Bettamousse developed by Mipharm, an Italian company, was found to treat hyperhydrosis effectively. In biology, some bacteria are thermophobic, such as mycobacterium leprae which causes leprosy. Thermophobic response in living organisms is negative response to higher temperatures. In physics, thermophobia is motion of particles in mixtures towards the areas of lower temperatures, a particular case of thermophoresis. In medicine, thermophobia refers to a sensory dysfunction, sensation of abnormal heat, which may be associated with, e.g., hyperthyroidism.

text:
# Thermophobia

**Thermophobia** (adjective: **thermophobic**) is intolerance for high temperatures by either inorganic materials or organisms. The term has a number of specific usages.

In pharmacy, a thermophobic foam consisting of 0.1% betamethasone valerate was found to be at least as effective as conventional remedies for treating dandruff. In addition, the foam is non-greasy and does not irritate the scalp. Another use of thermophobic material is in treating hyperhydrosis of the axilla and the palm: A thermophobic foam named Bettamousse developed by Mipharm, an Italian company, was found to treat hyperhydrosis effectively.

In biology, some bacteria are thermophobic, such as *mycobacterium leprae* which causes leprosy. **Thermophobic response** in living organisms is negative response to higher temperatures.

In physics, thermophobia is motion of particles in mixtures (solutions, suspensions, etc.) towards the areas of lower temperatures, a particular case of thermophoresis.

In medicine, thermophobia refers to a sensory dysfunction, sensation of abnormal heat, which may be associated with, e.g., hyperthyroidism.


title: One Monkey Don't Stop No Show (play)

abstract: One Monkey Don't Stop No Show is a play by the American playwright Don Evans. Set in 1970s Philadelphia, the play deals with the clash of values between middle-class and working-class African Americans. One Monkey premiered in the USA in 1982 at the Crossroads Theatre Company, directed by L. Kenneth Richardson and produced by Ricardo Khan. It was revived in 2013 at the Tricycle Theatre in London. It received strong reviews, with Michael Billington stating that "A long-neglected play has been revived with verve and spirit" and Charles Spencer praising "its sharp wit matched with a genuine generosity of spirit".

text:
# One Monkey Don't Stop No Show (play)

***One Monkey Don't Stop No Show*** is a play by the American playwright Don Evans. Set in 1970s Philadelphia, the play deals with the clash of values between middle-class and working-class African Americans.

*One Monkey* premiered in the USA in 1982 at the Crossroads Theatre Company, directed by L. Kenneth Richardson and produced by Ricardo Khan. It was revived in 2013 at the Tricycle Theatre in London. It received strong reviews, with Michael Billington stating that "A long-neglected play has been revived with verve and spirit" and Charles Spencer praising "its sharp wit matched with a genuine generosity of spirit".


title: New York's 31st congressional district

abstract: New York's 31st congressional district was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. It was eliminated as a result of the 2000 census. It was last represented by Amo Houghton who was redistricted into the 29th district.

text:
# New York's 31st congressional district

**New York's 31st congressional district** was a congressional district for the United States House of Representatives in New York. It was eliminated as a result of the 2000 census. It was last represented by Amo Houghton who was redistricted into the 29th district.

## Voting

| Election results from presidential races | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Year | Office | Results |
| 1992 | President | Bush 40–34% |
| 1996 | President | Clinton 44–41% |

## Past components

## List of members representing the district

| Representative | Party | Years | Cong
ress | Electoral history |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| District established March 4, 1833 | | | | |
| **Abner Hazeltine**
(Jamestown) | Anti-Masonic | March 4, 1833 – March 3, 1835 | 23rd
24th | Elected in 1832. |
| | Anti-Jacksonian | March 4, 1835 – March 3, 1837 | | Re-elected in 1834. |
| **Richard P. Marvin**
(Jamestown) | Whig | March 4, 1837 – March 3, 1841 | 25th
26th | Elected in 1836.
Re-elected in 1838. |
| **Staley N. Clarke**
(Ellicottville) | Whig | March 4, 1841 – March 3, 1843 | 27th | Elected in 1840. |
| **Asher Tyler**
(Ellicottville) | Whig | March 4, 1843 – March 3, 1845 | 28th | Elected in 1842. |
| **Abner Lewis**
(Panama) | Whig | March 4, 1845 – March 3, 1847 | 29th | Elected in 1844. |
| **Dudley Marvin**
(Ripley) | Whig | March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1849 | 30th | Elected in 1846. |
| **Elijah Risley**
(Fredonia) | Whig | March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1851 | 31st | Elected in 1848. |
| **Frederick S. Martin**
(Olean) | Whig | March 4, 1851 – March 3, 1853 | 32nd | Elected in 1850. |
| **Thomas T. Flagler**
(Lockport) | Whig | March 4, 1853 – March 3, 1855 | 33rd
34th | Elected in 1852. |
| | Opposition | March 4, 1855 – March 3, 1857 | | Re-elected in 1854. |
| **Silas M. Burroughs**
(Medina) | Republican | March 4, 1857 – June 3, 1860 | 35th
36th | Elected in 1856.
Re-elected in 1858.
Died. |
| *Vacant* | | June 4, 1860 – December 4, 1860 | 36th |  |
| **Edwin R. Reynolds**
(Albion) | Republican | December 5, 1860 – March 3, 1861 | | Elected to finish Burroughs's term. |
| **Burt Van Horn**
(Newfane) | Republican | March 4, 1861 – March 3, 1863 | 37th | Elected in 1860. |
| **Reuben E. Fenton**
(Frewsburg) | Republican | March 4, 1863 – December 20, 1864 | 38th | Redistricted from 33rd district and re-elected in 1862.
Resigned after being elected Governor of New York. |
| *Vacant* | | December 20, 1864 – March 4, 1865 | |  |
| **Henry Van Aernam**
(Franklinville) | Republican | March 4, 1865 – March 3, 1869 | 39th
40th | Elected in 1864.
Re-elected in 1866. |
| **Porter Sheldon**
(Jamestown) | Republican | March 4, 1869 – March 3, 1871 | 41st | Elected in 1868. |
| **Walter L. Sessions**
(Panama) | Republican | March 4, 1871 – March 3, 1873 | 42nd | Elected in 1870.
Redistricted to 32nd district. |
| **Lyman K. Bass**
(Buffalo) | Republican | March 4, 1873 – March 3, 1875 | 43rd | Elected in 1872.
Redistricted to 32nd district. |
| **George G. Hoskins**
(Attica) | Republican | March 4, 1875 – March 3, 1877 | 44th | Redistricted from 30th district and re-elected in 1874. |
| **Charles B. Benedict**
(Attica) | Democratic | March 4, 1877 – March 3, 1879 | 45th | Elected in 1876. |
| **Richard Crowley**
(Lockport) | Republican | March 4, 1879 – March 3, 1883 | 46th
47th | Elected in 1878.
Re-elected in 1880. |
| **Robert S. Stevens**
(Attica) | Democratic | March 4, 1883 – March 3, 1885 | 48th | Elected in 1882. |
| **John G. Sawyer**
(Albion) | Republican | March 4, 1885 – March 3, 1891 | 49th
50th
51st | Elected in 1884.
Re-elected in 1886.
Re-elected in 1888. |
| **James Wolcott Wadsworth**
(Geneseo) | Republican | March 4, 1891 – March 3, 1893 | 52nd | Elected in 1890.
Redistricted to 30th district. |
| **John Van Voorhis**
(Rochester) | Republican | March 4, 1893 – March 3, 1895 | 53rd | Elected in 1892. |
| **Henry C. Brewster**
(Rochester) | Republican | March 4, 1895 – March 3, 1899 | 54th
55th | Elected in 1894.
Re-elected in 1896. |
| **James M.E. O'Grady**
(Rochester) | Republican | March 4, 1899 – March 3, 1901 | 56th | Elected in 1898. |
| **James B. Perkins**
(Rochester) | Republican | March 4, 1901 – March 3, 1903 | 57th | Elected in 1900.
Redistricted to 32nd district. |
| **Sereno E. Payne**
(Auburn) | Republican | March 4, 1903 – March 3, 1913 | 58th
59th
60th
61st
62nd | Redistricted from 28th district and re-elected in 1902.
Re-elected in 1904.
Re-elected in 1906.
Re-elected in 1908.
Re-elected in 1910.
Redistricted to 36th district. |
| **Edwin A. Merritt**
(Potsdam) | Republican | March 4, 1913 – December 4, 1914 | 63rd | Redistricted from 26th district and re-elected in 1912.
Re-elected in 1914.
Died. |
| *Vacant* | | December 5, 1914 – November 1, 1915 | 63rd
64th |  |
| **Bertrand H. Snell**
(Potsdam) | Republican | November 2, 1915 – January 3, 1939 | 64th
65th
66th
67th
68th
69th
70th
71st
72nd
73rd
74th
75th | Elected to finish Merritt's term.
Re-elected in 1916.
Re-elected in 1918.
Re-elected in 1920.
Re-elected in 1922.
Re-elected in 1924.
Re-elected in 1926.
Re-elected in 1928.
Re-elected in 1930.
Re-elected in 1932.
Re-elected in 1934.
Re-elected in 1936.
Retired. |
| **Wallace E. Pierce**
(Plattsburgh) | Republican | January 3, 1939 – January 3, 1940 | 76th | Elected in 1938.
Died. |
| *Vacant* | | January 4, 1940 – February 12, 1940 | |  |
| **Clarence E. Kilburn**
(Malone) | Republican | February 13, 1940 – January 3, 1945 | 76th
77th
78th | Elected to finish Pierce's term.
Re-elected in 1940.
Re-elected in 1942.
Redistricted to 34th district. |
| **Bernard W. Kearney**
(Gloversville) | Republican | January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1953 | 79th
80th
81st
82nd | Redistricted from 30th district and re-elected in 1944.
Re-elected in 1946.
Re-elected in 1948.
Re-elected in 1950.
Redistricted to 32nd district. |
| **Dean P. Taylor**
(Troy) | Republican | January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1961 | 83rd
84th
85th
86th | Redistricted from 33rd district and re-elected in 1952.
Re-elected in 1954.
Re-elected in 1956.
Re-elected in 1958. |
| **Carleton J. King**
(Saratoga Springs) | Republican | January 3, 1961 – January 3, 1963 | 87th | Elected in 1960.
Redistricted to 30th district. |
| **Clarence E. Kilburn**
(Malone) | Republican | January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1965 | 88th | Elected in 1962.
Redistricted from 33rd district. |
| **Robert C. McEwen**
(Ogdensburg) | Republican | January 3, 1965 – January 3, 1973 | 89th
90th
91st
92nd | Elected in 1964.
Re-elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968.
Re-elected in 1970.
Redistricted to 30th district. |
| **Donald J. Mitchell**
(Herkimer) | Republican | January 3, 1973 – January 3, 1983 | 93rd
94th
95th
96th
97th | Elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Re-elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980. |
| **Jack Kemp**
(Hamburg) | Republican | January 3, 1983 – January 3, 1989 | 98th
99th
100th | Redistricted from 38th district and re-elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986. |
| **Bill Paxon**
(Williamsville) | Republican | January 3, 1989 – January 3, 1993 | 101st
102nd | Elected in 1988.
Re-elected in 1990.
Redistricted to 27th district. |
| **Amo Houghton**
(Corning) | Republican | January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003 | 103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th | Redistricted from 34th district and re-elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Re-elected in 2000.
Redistricted to 29th district. |
| District dissolved January 3, 2003 | | | | |

## Election results

Note that in New York State electoral politics there are numerous minor parties at various points on the political spectrum. Certain parties will invariably endorse either the Republican or Democratic candidate for every office, hence the state electoral results contain both the party votes, and the final candidate votes (Listed as "Recap").

US House election, 2000: New York District 31
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Republican | Amo Houghton (incumbent) | 154,238 | 77.3 | +9.3 |
|  | Democratic | Kisun J. Peters | 45,193 | 22.7 | −2.6 |
| Majority | | | 109,045 | 54.7 | +12.0 |
| Turnout | | | 199,431 | 100 | +26.0 |

US House election, 1998: New York District 31
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Republican | Amo Houghton (incumbent) | 107,615 | 68.0 | −3.6 |
|  | Democratic | Caleb Rossiter | 40,091 | 25.3 | −0.1 |
|  | Right to Life | James R. Pierce, Sr. | 10,546 | 6.7 | +3.6 |
| Majority | | | 67,524 | 42.7 | −3.5 |
| Turnout | | | 158,252 | 100 | −19.0 |

US House election, 1996: New York District 31
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Republican | Amo Houghton (incumbent) | 139,734 | 71.6 |  |
|  | Democratic | Bruce D. MacBain | 49,502 | 25.4 |  |
|  | Right to Life | Le Roy Stewart Wilson | 6,031 | 3.1 |  |
| Majority | | | 90,232 | 46.2 |  |
| Turnout | | | 195,267 | 100 |  |

* Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). *The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress*. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
* Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). *The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts*. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
* Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
* 2000 House election data Clerk of the House of Representatives
* 1998 House election data "
* 1996 House election data "

## InfoBox

| New York's 31st congressional district | |
| --- | --- |
| *Obsolete district* | |
| Created | 1820 |
| Eliminated | 2000 |
| Years active | 1823-2003 |


title: List of Gravion episodes

abstract: Gravion Gravion is an anime television series produced by Gonzo. The story centres on Eiji Shigure who is searching for his missing sister Ayaka. This leads him to the castle of Klein Sandman, and there he joins the fight against the invading mechanical lifeforms, the Zeravire. Gravion aired in Japan every Monday from October 7, 2002 to December 16, 2002 and ran for 13 episodes. Episodes 9 and 10, and 11 and 12 were shown together on the same night, leading to just an 11-week run. The opening song for Gravion was "Nageki no Rosario" by JAM Project, the ending song was "WISH" by YURIA. Whenever God Gravion is assembled, the song "Gasshin! God Gravion!" by JAM Project feat. Masaaki Endo would play as its combination insert song in Japanese only. In the third episode of Gravion Zwei it would be performed by The Singing Maids with Klein Sandman in both Japanese and English. YURIA also performs the insert song "KISS ME" Volume 1 of Gravion was released on DVD in the United States by ADV Films on May 25, 2004, and came with a box for all three volumes. Volume 2 was released on July 20, 2004, Volume 3 was released on September 14, 2004 with a complete collection consisting of all three volumes released on January 17, 2006. Gravion Zwei, was the followup to the original series, also produced by Gonzo. The series answered the questions generated from the first series. Gravion Zwei aired from January 8 to March 25 in Japan, running for twelve additional episodes. The opening song for Gravion Zwei was "Kurenai no Kiba" by JAM Project, the ending song was "La♪La♪Bye" by HoneyBee. Whenever Soul Gravion is assembled, the song "Enno Gasshin! Soul Gravion!" by JAM Project feat. Yoshiki Fukuyama would play as its combination insert song. Volume 1 of Gravion Zwei was released on DVD in the United States by ADV Films on March 8, 2005 and came with a box for all three volumes. Volume 2 was released on May 3, 2005. Volume 3 was released on July 5, 2005. A complete collection was released on July 25, 2006. On March 31, 2009 ADV released the Gravion Complete Collection, containing all episodes from Gravion and Gravion Zwei in one box. Both Gravion and Gravion Zwei were created and directed by Masami Ōbari, with Fumihiko Shimo writing the scripts and Masumi Itō composing the music.

text:
# List of Gravion episodes

***Gravion*** (超重神グラヴィオン, *Chōjūshin Guravion*, lit. *Super Heavy God Gravion*) is an anime television series produced by Gonzo. The story centres on Eiji Shigure who is searching for his missing sister Ayaka. This leads him to the castle of Klein Sandman, and there he joins the fight against the invading mechanical lifeforms, the Zeravire.

Gravion aired in Japan every Monday from October 7, 2002 to December 16, 2002 and ran for 13 episodes. Episodes 9 and 10, and 11 and 12 were shown together on the same night, leading to just an 11-week run.

The opening song for Gravion was "Nageki no Rosario" by JAM Project, the ending song was "WISH" by YURIA. Whenever God Gravion is assembled, the song "Gasshin! God Gravion!" by JAM Project feat. Masaaki Endo would play as its combination insert song in Japanese only. In the third episode of *Gravion Zwei* it would be performed by The Singing Maids (Ena (Mai Nakahara / Jessica Boone), Luna Gusuku (Haruna Ikezawa / Luci Christian), Thoria (Haruko Momoi / Tiffany Grant), Brigitta (Rie Kugimiya / Cynthia Martinez), Yumi (Naomi Orikasa / Nancy Novotny), Marinia (Nana Mizuki / Monica Rial) and Tulie (Mikako Takahashi / Tiffany Terrell)) with Klein Sandman (Sho Hayami / Jason Douglas) in both Japanese and English. YURIA also performs the insert song "KISS ME"

Volume 1 of Gravion was released on DVD in the United States by ADV Films on May 25, 2004, and came with a box for all three volumes. Volume 2 was released on July 20, 2004, Volume 3 was released on September 14, 2004 with a complete collection consisting of all three volumes released on January 17, 2006.

***Gravion Zwei*** (超重神グラヴィオンZwei, *Chōjūshin Guravion Tsuvai*, "Zwei" is German for "two"), was the followup to the original series, also produced by Gonzo. The series answered the questions generated from the first series.

Gravion Zwei aired from January 8 to March 25 in Japan, running for twelve additional episodes.

The opening song for Gravion Zwei was "Kurenai no Kiba" by JAM Project, the ending song was "La♪La♪Bye" by HoneyBee. Whenever Soul Gravion is assembled, the song "Enno Gasshin! Soul Gravion!" by JAM Project feat. Yoshiki Fukuyama would play as its combination insert song.

Volume 1 of Gravion Zwei was released on DVD in the United States by ADV Films on March 8, 2005 and came with a box for all three volumes. Volume 2 was released on May 3, 2005. Volume 3 was released on July 5, 2005. A complete collection was released on July 25, 2006. On March 31, 2009 ADV released the Gravion Complete Collection, containing all episodes from Gravion and Gravion Zwei in one box.

Both *Gravion* and *Gravion Zwei* were created and directed by Masami Ōbari, with Fumihiko Shimo writing the scripts and Masumi Itō composing the music.

## Gravion

| EP# | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original airdate |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "The Fortress of the Deity"
Transliteration: "Kyoshin no Sumu Shiro" (Japanese: 巨神の棲む城) | Masami Ōbari | Fumihiko Shimo | October 7, 2002 (2002-10-07) |
| At a party in Klein Sandman's castle a woman wearing a purple dress leaves the party, taking off her disguise to show it is really Eiji Shigure. Luna Gusuku and Mizuki Tachibana are watching him from the monitors and set the alarm off to capture him. Eiji escapes into the depths of the castle, stumbles across a giant robot and Toga Tenkuji steps out. Eiji states he is in the castle looking for his sister, Ayaka. The castle starts shaking and Eiji falls through a crack in the ground under the castle. Back at the party Sandman appears, announcing that Earth is currently under attack from aliens. The aliens start attacking Earth, and the units inside Sandman's castle launch a counterattack. Eiji finds himself inside a plane that is to be launched in the counterattack, and he has to fight in the air battle against the aliens. As the battle looks hopeless, the mecha Gran Kaiser, piloted by Toga appears. During the battle, Luna contacts Eiji to tell him to let her control the plane. A full Zeravire alien appears, and the Gran Kaiser's attacks prove ineffective. The Grand Divas combine with the Gran Kaiser to create the God Gravion. | | | | | |
| 2 | "Mission of Gravity"
Transliteration: "Jūryoku no Shimei" (Japanese: 重力の使命) | Hiroyuki Tsuchiya | Fumihiko Shimo | October 21, 2002 (2002-10-21) |
| Gravion faces off across from the Zeravire whilst Sandman and his guests watch on. The President orders the navy to launch the particle projection cannon at the Zeravire. Mizuki wonders who is piloting the G-Shadow, no one knows. Eiji tries to escape the Gravion but realizes he cannot just walk out. The particle projection cannon hits the alien to no effect. Gravion is smashed into its constituent pieces, and Toga and his Gran Kaiser sink to the bottom of the ocean. The Zeravire stops attacking and builds a cocoon around itself. Sandman expels the world leaders from his castle. Eiji meets Sandman and demands his sister back. Sandman explains the letter he sent was a fake to get Eiji to come to the castle to pilot the G-Attacker, as Eiji, like his sister, has a G-factor enzyme in his body that allows him to adapt to changes in gravity. Mizuki explains that Ayaka is missing since training. The Zeravire breaks out of its cocoon, ready to attack again. After some taunting, Eiji agrees to fly the G-Attacker. The Zeravire has evolved to be stronger than before and the Gravion is powerless against it. Using the Graviton Pressure Punch, Gravion is finally able to inflict damage on the Zeravire. Gravion fires its Graviton Arc and obliterates the Zeravire. | | | | | |
| 3 | "Labyrinth"
Transliteration: "Meikyū" (Japanese: 迷宮) | Akihiko Nishiyama | Fumihiko Shimo | October 28, 2002 (2002-10-28) |
| Eiji is confronted by Luna and other maids in the morning bringing him a change of clothes. Trying to clean up Eiji breaks the tap in his bathroom. Eiji breaks out of his room and climbs to the roof of the castle where he encounters Toga. World leaders are having a meeting with Raven about how they defeated the Zeravire, frustrated that Sandman will not let them help. Raven claims they are not practiced enough due to the long period of peace on Earth, and to leave future battles to Gravion. Toga says he will help Eiji find Ayaka, heading to over the tower where she disappeared from. They encounter Luna bathing and she attacks Eiji for being a pervert. She stops when she sees Toga there as well. Trying to avoid Eina they fall down a shaft to a room full of robots who attack them. A Zeravire appears in Earth's atmosphere as Eiji, Toga and Luna are trapped in the basement. Toga dispatches the robots quickly, as this used to be his training area. Eina and Mizuki go out to fight the Zeravire in the G-Driller and are about to be defeated when Toga appears interrupting the attack. Gravion assembles and fights the Zeravire. This time the Graviton Arc is ineffective against the Zeravire, as it has evolved since last time. The Graviton Sword is used and defeats the Zeravire. | | | | | |
| 4 | "The Princess in the Tower"
Transliteration: "Tō no Naka no Himegimi" (Japanese: 塔の中の姫君) | Yōsuke Kabashima
Naoyasu Hanyū | Fumihiko Shimo | November 4, 2002 (2002-11-04) |
| Eina and the other maids see a ghostly figure in the tower late at night. Early the next day Eiji is training in a pinball-based simulator to test his resistance to centrifugal forces. Eina reports the ghost to Sandman and Luna. Eiji conjectures the ghost is actually Ayaka lost in the castle and goes to hunt for her. Eiji and Toga see the ghost and she passes through a mirror, they find they can follow, into the South Tower. Toga states that each tower has a secret, and they are banned from entering by Sandman. They catch up with the ghost and it turns out to be a girl called Leele. Sandman turns up at Leele's quarters, and she hides Eiji and Toga in the closet. Eiji overhears Sandman saying that Leele is the pilot of the G-Shadow. Sandman gets a message saying a Zeravire is on its way and its time to dispatch the Gravion. The navy of the world government attempts to attack the Zeravire to no avail. Gravion attacks the Zeravire to no effect, as it has evolved again. Due to damage to the left arm of Gravion, Eina must do the Graviton Pressure Punch maneuver, however it fails. The Graviton Sword is used, but is blocked by the Zeravire. Leele suggests using the Gravity Crescent, part of the G-Shadow to attack. This destroys the Zeravire. Sandman formally introduces Leele to the other pilots, however she runs away when they try and talk to her. | | | | | |
| 5 | "The Girl Who Won't Laugh"
Transliteration: "Warawanai Shōjo" (Japanese: 笑わない少女) | Hiroyuki Kanbe | Fumihiko Shimo | November 11, 2002 (2002-11-11) |
| Leele is in a field picking flowers and she sees her father, but he transforms into a monster. She wakes up, as it was just a dream, one she has been having frequently. World leaders are analyzing the material that makes a Zeravire, noting it is metal, but also living matter. The scientist hypothesizes that these Zeravire are being sent to Earth by something. The government officials are investigating Sandman but can find no information on him. When Eiji and Toga are in a hot spring and encounter Sandman, Eiji starts questioning him and he leaves. Eina is practicing in a simulator against the Zeravire, and keeps failing to activate the Gravity Tornado. Luna suggests they all go on a field trip to improve relations between them and Leele. They all go out of the castle for a picnic in the forest. Eina starts the barbecue flames and Leele gets scared and runs away, having a flashback to the dream. A Zeravire starts attacking Earth at this point and the government air force try and stop it to no avail. Luna finds Leele at a house in the forest, and Leele reveals her family are all dead, but she doesn't remember what happened to them. Luna comforts her by saying they have all lost people close to them. Mizuki requests Leele must move out and she agrees. The Zeravire ignites the chemical plant around the Gravion, and Leele becomes immobilized with fear seeing the flames and cannot launch the Gravity Crescent. Luna climbs down to the G-Shadow and convinces Leele to overcome her fear and launch the Gravity Crescent, when combined with the Gravity Pressure Punch destroys the Zeravire. | | | | | |
| 6 | "Toga's Day Off"
Transliteration: "Tōga no Kyūjitsu" (Japanese: 斗牙の休日) | Akihiko Nishiyama | Kiyoko Yoshimura | November 18, 2002 (2002-11-18) |
| The maids leave on a shopping trip, and Eiji and Toga sneak out, disguised as maids, and head into the city. This is the first time Toga has ever seen the city. Eiji and Toga go to a clothes store to get clothes to replace their maid outfits. The maids tell Raven that Eiji and Toga are missing, and he tells them to search for them. Toga gets separated from Eiji, and Toga tries to buy a bird from a man on the sidewalk, but the man gets beaten up by thugs. Eiji runs into some friends from school and they go to a restaurant together. He tells his friends that he is piloting Gravion, but they do not believe him. Eiji's friends show him a picture of Gravion, but it has the Earth Federation Alliance logo on it. The government has been telling the people that Gravion is their weapon. After karaoke, Eiji and Toga leave their friends, and Eiji goes to get a cola when the city lights go out. A Zeravire appears.Leele, Luna, Mizuki and Eina must fight alone against the Zeravire. Eiji and Toga signal Mizuki using fireworks as she flies over the city. There are four Zeravire that are going to fuse into one. Gravion assembles and quickly defeats the Zeravire. Raven punishes Eiji and Toga for going out without permission. | | | | | |
| 7 | "Drill Girl of the Beach"
Transliteration: "Nagisa no Doriru Shōjo" (Japanese: 渚のドリル少女) | Hirokazu Yamada | Atsuhiro Tomioka | November 18, 2002 (2002-11-18) |
| Luna has gone to Okinawa, where she was born. Luna visits her father's grave, as it is one year since he died on a mission to detect the Zeravire. Luna runs into an old family friend who implores her to stay longer. She visits the beach and the G-Driller with Eina inside comes through the sand. The entire team shows up, as they have been ordered to get some recreation by Sandman. At the International Peace Center in Okinawa, there is a meeting between world leaders about the Zeravire when a Zeravire bursts through the floor. Leele gets a sense that the Zeravire is there, and Mizuki gets a message to activate Gravion. Gravion moves to the Peace Center but the Zeravire is not there. Suddenly the Zeravire bursts through the ground and attacks, but goes underground again before the Gravion can retaliate. Luna takes the G-Driller underground to drive it out. Gravion fires Graviton Missiles at close range, but there is no effect. Luna attempts the Graviton Tornado Punch, although they have never been able to do that move before. Luna succeeds and destroys the Zeravire. The team go back to relaxing on the beach when Sandman arrives, leaving them stunned. | | | | | |
| 8 | "Super Heavy Battlefield"
Transliteration: "Chōjū Senjō" (Japanese: 超重戦場) | Yū Kō
Hiroshi Kimura | Yūji Hosono | November 25, 2002 (2002-11-25) |
| Gravion is fighting a Zeravire and attempts the Graviton Pressure Punch, but Gravion is too close to the critical point to use it. Gravion uses the Gravity Crescent and destroys the Zeravire, but reaches the critical point and breaks apart. Eiji is admonished by Raven for not following orders, but Eiji blames Luna for failing to use the Graviton Pressure Punch. Gravion is being analyzed by the Earth Federation Alliance scientists revealing the makeup of the Gravion. The scientist notes that when the Gravion fights, gravity is altered around it. Eiji climbs into the Gran Kaiser cockpit to attempt to learn how to do Toga's role. The Zeravire appear inside the castle, grown from a part that was left attached to Gravion and start attacking. One is about to kill Toga when Mizuki shows up and machine guns it down. Eiji wakes up inside the Gran Kaiser as sees the Zeravire in the hangar. Sandman asks Eiji to defeat the Zeravire alone. Eiji is having trouble controlling the Gran Kaiser, not used to its strength. The Gran Kaiser is knocked to the level below by the Zeravire, allowing the Gran Kaiser to pick up weapons. After attacking with weapons fail, Toga tells Eiji to use the Elgo Mode, which will greatly stress the pilot. Eiji is in severe pain after activating the Elgo Mode, but the Gran Kaiser is far more powerful. Eiji pilots the Gran Kaiser out into space to destroy the Zeravire. After it is destroyed, the Gran Kaiser falls back to Earth, seemingly lifeless. | | | | | |
| 9 | "A Distant Embrace"
Transliteration: "Tōi Hōyō" (Japanese: 遠い抱擁) | Shingo Suzuki | Fumihiko Shimo | December 2, 2002 (2002-12-02) |
| Sandman's castle is being repaired. Mizuki reminisces about Ayaka, who was her best friend. Eiji has recovered from the injuries he sustained fighting off the Zeravire, but he runs off to Mizuki's room after the maids attempt to give him a physical. Mizuki leads Eiji to the West Tower and tells Eiji about Ayaka's stay in the castle. Ayaka trained too hard and became bedridden, as this was when she disappeared after a mysterious accident. Inside the West Tower they find a large monument, similar to the one where the Gravion was built. Mizuki accesses the computer system and discovers the West Tower manipulates gravity, just like the Gravion. Mizuki conjectures that Sandman has unlocked the secrets behind gravity to be able to build the Gravion. Mizuki finds the security footage from when Ayaka disappeared. The video just shows her disappearing off screen with no explanation. Suddenly the monument lights up, and the West Tower starts shaking. Mizuki falls down the West Tower, and has a vision of Ayaka. Eiji manages to catch her, but he falls after her. Eiji has a flashback of being with his sister, and she tells him that they will meet again one day, as long as he keeps fighting Gravion. Eiji wakes up in Luna's arms. The rest of the team has found Eiji and Mizuki in the West Tower, as they had not fallen at all, instead they just passed out. Sandman makes an order to modify Gravion to be able to be piloted unmanned. | | | | | |
| 10 | "Crack"
Transliteration: "Kiretsu" (Japanese: 亀裂) | Yukio Okazaki | Fumihiko Shimo | December 2, 2002 (2002-12-02) |
| The Gran Phantom System is performing at ten percent less than the piloted Gravion. The team are out shopping in the city when a Zeravire appears. The Zeravire lands in the city and destroys buildings to convert them into a cocoon. The Zeravire is emitting theta rays and in thirty minutes everything within one hundred kilometers will die. The ground opens up beneath Cecile, and she moves underground. Eiji jumps down to rescue her. Mizuki arrives with the Gravion. Eina and Luna fly over to try to help Eiji. Cecile is being pulled into the heart of the Zeravire. Gravion combines and the Gran Phantom System is used to pilot the G-Attacker. The Gravion shoots the tentacles emanating from the Zeravire, but they keep coming, not allowing Gravion to get close. Eiji runs on foot up to the Zeravire to rescue Cecile. Toga orders the Gravion to attack the Zeravire, and Eiji pleads with him to wait. Toga orders Luna to attack in the G-Driller. Eiji reaches Cecile just before the G-Driller is about to launch. Toga fires the Graviton Arc instead, and Eiji is blown clear. Gravion destroys the Zeravire with the Gravity Crescent with just seconds before the radiation is about to be released. Eiji punches Toga for being willing to sacrifice Cecile. Eiji then announces he is quitting. | | | | | |
| 11 | "The Thing Which Was Lost"
Transliteration: "Ushinawareta Mono" (Japanese: うしなわれたもの) | Akihiko Nishiyama | Fumihiko Shimo | December 9, 2002 (2002-12-09) |
| Eiji is sleeping in his apartment when Yumi shows up to rouse him. Yumi asks him what he has been doing, but does not believe he has been fighting on Gravion. Raven reflects on how Toga has been stunted socially as he has been raised to just be a pilot, and how contact with Eiji was supposed to change this. Toga has not been eating and locked himself away since Eiji quit. Cecile brings Toga food in his room and he apologizes to her. Eiji is back at school and Leele has followed him, waiting outside his school when Eiji spots her. Toga ruminates with Luna that perhaps he is missing something that makes him human. Eiji tells Leele he will not return. At the castle, Sandman is shown footage of two Zeravire that are headed to Earth, and will arrive in ten minutes. As Leele has left the castle, the G-Shadow will be piloted by the Gran Phantom System. Airforce craft engage the Zeravire in space, but are ineffective. Toga is telling Luna that fighting and winning are not enough, that he needs something more. Luna comforts him, saying he will be able to find this. Leele implores Eiji to return to help curb Toga's actions, as he is the only one who can. They then see the Zeravire coming through the atmosphere and run for an air raid shelter. The airforce drop a new type of bomb on the Zeravire but it has no effect. Gravion appears and fights against the Zeravire, but nothing will touch it, not even the Graviton Tornado Punch. Leele realizes they can't win with the Gran Phantom System, and tries to flee the bunker. Eiji chases and Yumi pushes him out the way of some falling tiles, only to be struck herself. | | | | | |
| 12 | "Because You're With Me"
Transliteration: "Kimi ga Iru Kara" (Japanese: 君がいるから) | Michita Shiraishi | Fumihiko Shimo | December 9, 2002 (2002-12-09) |
| Gravion continues the fight against the Zeravire but is losing. The Zeravire has put out a jamming signal, so the G-Call to summon the Gran Knights is not working. Yumi regains consciousness and tells Eiji to get on the Gravion to protect everyone. Cookie appears and lifts the rocks off of Yumi, and takes her to the medical treatment room. The Zeravire continues to deflect every one of Gravion's attacks, destroying the Graviton Sword. Sandman orders a search of the origin of the jamming signal, and finds it comes from a third Zeravire higher in the atmosphere. Sandman orders Gravion to destroy this one first. Gravion attempts to attack it, but the two Zeravire from below come up and attack Gravion, which then plummets back down to Earth. Eiji and Leele catch up to the Gravion which disassembles to pick them up. Sandman tells them not to recombine, but rather split their forces to attack all three Zeravire at once. The G-Driller manages to destroy the first Zeravire, but it reforms. Leele, Mizuki and Eiji destroy the Zeravire in the sky, but it broadcasts a laser into space just before it disintegrates. The jamming signal is gone however, so they can attack the Zeravire on the ground, blowing a hole in the protective barrier. Gravion combines within the Zeravire's protective barrier, destroying the Zeravire within. Gravion then quickly dispatches the final Zeravire. Eiji visits Yumi in the hospital, and she has recovered. Eiji tells her that he is going back to fight with Gravion, stepping out the window and on to Gravion. Eiji is welcomed back by everyone at the castle. | | | | | |
| 13 | "White Steel Fang"
Transliteration: "Shirogane no Kiba" (Japanese: しろがねの牙) | Masami Ōbari | Yūji Hosono | December 16, 2002 (2002-12-16) |
| The Zeravire in deep space receive an order to destroy all human life, by adapting to whatever is required to overcome the obstacle that would stop them. The Zeravire are evolving faster than expected. The firepower is greater than is needed to destroy humanity, they are evolving especially to overcome Gravion. A new weapon is being developed by the air force which is attracting attention. Gravion is being repaired from the previous fight. The President of the Earth Federation Alliance announces the new weapon, which is a large robot. Raven suggests that the White Steel Fang be used. A Zeravire lands where the new Earth Federation Alliance robot is standing, and waits. Sandman says he cannot approve a dispatch of Gravion, as the target of the Zeravire is Gravion and has evolved to counter all of Gravion's attacks. A new sword is added to Gravion, the Graviton Breaker. Sandman approves the dispatch now Gravion has a new weapon. Gravion launches a high speed surprise attack on the Zeravire but it survives the attack. The Zeravire pulls out a sword and parries Gravion's Graviton Breaker. Sandman prepares the White Steel Fang as Gravion is losing its battle. Just as the Zeravire is about to attack the Gravion again, the White Steel Fang appears and deflects it. Gravion picks up the White Steel Fang, which is the Super Heavyweight Sword. The Gravion performs the Super Heavyweight Slash technique with the White Steel Fang and the Zeravire is destroyed. At the castle, Ayaka emerges from a body of water. | | | | | |

## Gravion Zwei

| EP# | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original airdate |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Super Heavy God, Second Coming"
Transliteration: "Chōjū Shin Sairin" (Japanese: 超重神再臨) | Masami Ōbari | Kiyoko Yoshimura | January 8, 2004 (2004-01-08) |
| The Earth Federation Alliance military is flying out over the ocean to intercept some Zeravire. They are testing the new mass production Gravion, the Gran Troopers. Alex Smith and Faye Xin Lu introduce themselves to the President as new pilots of the Gran Troopers. Eiji and Luna are working in the kitchen with the rest of the crew, after Eiji bet the crew to be slaves in a game of Mahjong against the castle maids. Sandman has been missing from the castle for some time. He has been attending conferences around the world. There is an emergency warning at the castle that the Zeravire are approaching. Eiji and Luna find Toga's childhood room. Luna has a flashback to meeting Toga the first time as a child. Luna regrets not giving Toga a photo album when they were children, as he had no toys. Eiji and Luna get the G-Call to warn the rest of the pilots of the Zeravire attack. The President of the Earth Federation Alliance launches the G-Soldiers to intercept with the Gran Troopers, as Toga launches the Gran Knights to intercept with the Gran Divas. The Earth Federation Alliance military prove ineffective as they lack the power of gravity. Toga attacks the Zeravire, but it repels the attack by shielding itself. Physical attacks fail. Gran Kaiser cannot activate the Elgo Mode without Sandman present, so they cannot combine to form Gravion. Sandman is trapped at the airport as all flights have been grounded. Sandman makes contact with them and allows for Gravion to combine. Gravion attacks with the Double Pressure Punch and breaks through the Zeravire's shield, allowing it to be destroyed by Gravion. On Llambias, Hugi states to his sister, Lufira, that it is time to remake the planet. | | | | | |
| 2 | "Elegant Reunion"
Transliteration: "Uruwashiki Saikai" (Japanese: 麗しき再会) | Yukihito Ōgomori | Fumihiko Shimo | January 15, 2004 (2004-01-15) |
| Eiji's friends are checking out the Earthgertz's website and it's all under construction. One link works and it's a map. They all head out to follow the map through a jungle. They arrive at Sandman's castle. Inside the castle, the pilots are exercising, and Eiji is getting exhausted. Eiji meets his friends all in the guest room and asks why they have come. Eiji expresses his displeasure that everyone thinks it is the Gran Troopers who beat the Zeravire, not the Gran Divas. Eina and the maids give Eiji's friends a tour of the castle, starting with the Gran Diva hangars. The review films of the Gravion's various battles against the Zeravire. The maids then take them to the control room, where Sandman is. He says that they are all going on a picnic. The pilots bring the Gran Divas to the picnic in case of Zeravire attack. At the picnic, the pilots reminisce about Eiji's time at the castle. Mizuki gets drunk and makes a pass at Raven. Eiji tells Yumi that he has not seen his sister yet. Kaori climbs into the G-Driller and accidentally turns it on, launching it with her and Yumi inside. The team fly off to track them. Sandman chases after it on horseback, jumping onto the G-Driller. He uses his crystal to reset the G-Driller, and combine Gravion, stopping the G-Driller. The President of the Earth Federation Alliance views a painting of Sandman from the eighteenth century. It is claimed he is an alchemist and a time traveler named Count Saint-Germain. | | | | | |
| 3 | "Scalding Battle!! Gravion Hot Springs!!"
Transliteration: "Nettō! Gurabi Onsen!!" (Japanese: 熱闘!愚裸美温泉!!) | Masami Ōbari | Yūji Hosono | January 22, 2004 (2004-01-22) |
| Sandman is taking all the maids and pilots on a trip to a hot springs resort, as the annual Earthgertz trip. Raven ruminates about how irritating it is that they cannot do anything until the Zeravire show their face again, refusing to go to the hot springs with the rest. Eina is shy about going into the hot springs, and Mizuki drags her in. Eiji and Toga relax in the hot springs when some of the castle maids show up to wash Eiji. Struggling to get away, Eiji breaks through the wall of the hot springs and slides down the mountain, with Toga following. Eiji and Toga run through the women's bath, annoying all the girls. Alex Smith, Faye and the G-Soldiers arrive, just as Toga and Eiji slide in. Eiji and Toga are out in the town at night, and see Sandman on a bridge with a man who claims to be his brother. The ground is rumbling, as the Zeravire is drilling inside the mountain. At the hotel, they are playing table tennis, and Alex and Mizuki win against Eina and Luna. Sandman, along with Leele, then challenges Alex and Mizuki to a game to win the hot springs ticket as the prize. He plays with just his shoe instead of a racket. Sandman beats them, winning all rounds. The ground continues to rumble, as the mountain erupts. Gravion enters the volcano, but they only have ninety seconds due to the extreme heat. The maids sing to encourage the Gran Knights. Gravion intercepts the Zeravire pulling it out of the volcano and destroying it. Faye is awestruck by seeing Gravion for the first time. The crew gives the hot springs ticket to Raven, as a way of thanking him for staying at Sandman's castle while they had enjoyed their time at the hot springs. | | | | | |
| 4 | "From the Bottom of the Wave"
Transliteration: "Nami no Soko Yori" (Japanese: 波の底より) | Kazuki Tachibana | Kiyoko Yoshimura | January 29, 2004 (2004-01-29) |
| The Earth Federation Alliance thermal power plant has received a warning that another Zeravire has arrived on Earth in the ocean. However, none of the G-Soldiers are aware of that warning. Leele is in the G-Shadow, looking for a sign of a Zeravire in the ocean. However, Leele loses signal from the control room, where Sandman and Raven are, right after a Zeravire is sighted. Meanwhile, maintenance is being performed on the G-Driller for Luna and Eina, and the Gran Kaiser for Toga and is ready as well. However, Eiji and Mizuki must stay behind, since both the G-Attacker and the G-Striker are not operational. Eiji begs to Eina to disguise himself as her. Toga, Luna, and Eiji go and find Leele in the ocean. As they have found Leele, the Zeravire attacks them. Toga is reminded from Eiji to protect Leele, rather than to sacrifice her. Leele, unconscious, wakes up and sees Toga. Toga tells her that they are in the Earth Federation Alliance thermal power plant, located in the ocean. Toga tells Sandman that the Zeravire is draining the energy from the thermal power plant to evolve in size. Sandman then predicts that the Zeravire will challenge Gravion to a battle in its evolved state. Toga and Leele explore the thermal power plant, and they encounter Zeravire along the way. Toga protects Leele by fighting the Zeravire alone. Eiji and Luna arrive in time to help, while Mizuki and Thoria arrive to help as well. The Gran Divas combine into Gravion, but Toga cannot withstand the Elgo Mode, due to a lack of oxygen. Leele then aids Toga, in his cockpit, to perform the Super Heavyweight Slash technique to defeat the Zeravire. Back at Sandman's castle, Toga is put to bed-rest, while the rest of the crew gathers around him to encourage him to get better. | | | | | |
| 5 | "The Dream Solitary Isle"
Transliteration: "Yumemiru Kotō" (Japanese: 夢みる孤島) | Yoshinari Saitō | Kiyoko Yoshimura | February 5, 2004 (2004-02-05) |
| The Gran Knights make their way to a secluded amusement park on an island. Their mission is to search for a sign of the Zeravire in the amusement park. Back at Sandman's castle, the castle maids tell Raven they are jealous that the pilots are the only one allowed to go to the amusement park, and not them. The pilots enjoy some rides at the amusement park, not seeing a sign of the Zeravire. Leele reminisces on her time with Sandman. On the Ferris wheel, Leele and Toga are reminded of loneliness, as they both were separated from the outside world. The castle maids still continue to beg Raven to allow them to go to the amusement park, but Raven tries to avoid them. On another ride, Eiji tells Mizuki that he knows that Ayaka is hidden within the castle. Meanwhile, as Leele, Toga, Luna, and Eina are walking, they witness people mutating into Zeravire. Eiji and Mizuki arrive just in time to help. The Zeravire begin multiply to combine into a large Zeravire. Cookie helps the pilots make their way to their Gran Divas, in order to combine into Gravion. Gravion performs the Super Heavyweight Slash technique to defeat the Zeravire. However, the Zeravire begins to infiltrate the Gravion. The Zeravire begin to attack Leele, but soon she realizes she is a Zeravire as well. Sandman laughs at the fact that Leele is a Zeravire. | | | | | |
| 6 | "Lamenting Rosario"
Transliteration: "Nageki no Rozario" (Japanese: 嘆きのロザリオ) | Kenichi Hamazaki | Kiyoko Yoshimura | February 12, 2004 (2004-02-12) |
| It is revealed that Mizuki is a spy working for the Earth Federation Alliance intelligence division to leak information about Gravion, and she receive a gold card for her hard work. Leele has a dream that Sandman is carrying her, as he cries seeing Llambias being destroyed. Outside, Leele's room, Dica advises the other pilots to allow Leele to rest, as she is mentally unstable from the experience she had with the Zeravire at the amusement park. Toga was told by Raven that during that experience, Leele was able to peek into the memories of the Zeravire, which lead to mental stress by acquiring too much of their memories. The maids soon realize that Mizuki is nowhere to be found. A letter written by Mizuki reveals her secret of being a spy. Another letter written by her reveals a pathway to a virtual room. The pilots views the room displaying footage of Sandman discussing with Llambias representatives about creating Gran Sigma, a weapon relative to Gravion, in order to restore Llambias. This footage also reveals that Sandman is from the Zeravire family. Sandman appears in the virtual room and unveils that Leele is his daughter. Sandman tells the pilots in order to save life, one must end life as well, in order to restore Llambias. In the footage, Llambias is having a war with Selias. Sandman and Hugi argue about the restoration of Llambias. Then suddenly, Sandman calls out the Gran Sigma. Selians begin attacking Llambias, while Gran Sigma tries to stop the Selians only to no avail. Sandman tells the pilots that before Llambias was destroyed, he and Leele arrived on Earth, and both his wife, Lufira, and his brother, Hugi, both supposedly died. Sandman says that he plans on telling Leele that he is her father. He kept this secrets from the pilots before out of fear, but he still asks if the pilots are willing to fight the Zeravire along with him. Leele wakes up and talks with Toga. She tells him that she wants to remember her past. Toga takes her to the virtual room to reveal the footage of Sandman being her father. Toga and Leele meet up with Eiji. However, due to the mental stress, she falls over the balcony into the water. Eiji chases after her and rescues her. Eiji lashes out at Toga, calling him heartless. | | | | | |
| 7 | "The Shattered Goddess"
Transliteration: "Kudakareta Megami" (Japanese: 砕かれた女神) | Masami Ōbari | Kiyoko Yoshimura | February 19, 2004 (2004-02-19) |
| Sandman and the castle maids are in Leele's bedroom, caring for her. Meanwhile, Eiji expresses about Toga's heartlessness to Luna. Toga is in the garden, pondering about actions toward Leele, when Eina runs over to find him there. Eina returns to Sandman's castle to converse with the castle maids, calling herself helpless against Toga. An alarm is sounded, alerting a Zeravire nearby. The pilots, excluding Leele, gather to their respective Gran Divas, in order to make their way toward the Zeravire. The Zeravire attacks. Toga initiates Elgo Mode to combine into Gravion but is corrupted by the Zeravire before the combination. Toga suffers much physical and mental damage, due to the stress that the Zeravire inflicted on the Gran Kaiser. Eina then plans to initiate her Proto Gran Diva Mode, taking control of all the functions of every Gran Diva, to try and save Toga. Eina sacrifices herself, seemingly destroying the Zeravire. All the pilots and castle maids mourns on behalf of her sacrifice. However, the Zeravire continues to attack, pushing the G-Driller with Luna into the water. Just when the Zeravire is about to destroy the Gran Kaiser, Faye and the G-Soldiers intercept the Zeravire with their Gran Troopers. | | | | | |
| 8 | "When Gravity Becomes Weak"
Transliteration: "Jūryoku ga Otoroeru Toki" (Japanese: 重力が衰えるとき) | Yukihito Ōgomori | Yūji Hosono | February 26, 2004 (2004-02-26) |
| Eiji is requested to look for Toga on motorcycle, as he is worried about Toga. News reports are announcing about Gravion in contrast to the Gran Troopers. Gravion will be full operational in three days, due to the extensive damage the Zeravire caused during their last battle. The maids do maintenance of all of the Gran Divas, in hope that will the pilots will win the next battle. Luna, currently under medical treatment in the Earth Federation Alliance military base, demands to know the whereabouts of the other pilots. Faye, keeping Luna under surveillance, wonders why Luna is passionate about the other pilots. Toga finds himself in a poor urban downtown area. Eiji asks his friends, at a restaurant, to help look for Toga in the downtown area. News reports continue to announce about the Gran Troopers to the public. The G-Soldiers are alerted that a Zeravire is over the nearby ocean. The Zeravire crashes directly toward the ship of the President of the Earth Federation Alliance, but is trapped and destroyed by a force-field created by the ship. The President dispatches the G-Soldiers to defeat other Zeravire. Sandman is alone is his bedroom, fearing that Hugi will show up to destroy Earth. Raven shows up to console him. Just as Sandman is about to give up, Raven removes her mask to reveal that she is really Ayaka. She questions Sandman what he was fighting for. Due to his cowardice, Ayaka snaps his focus and tells him never to give up. The Gran Troopers are still pursuing the Zeravire, resulting in defeat of the Zeravire using the Lightning Bomber. However, Sandman realizes the light produced by the Lightning Bomber would be the same light Hugi will use to destroy Earth. Toga, still in the downtown area, is bullied by a couple of thugs, but Faye rescues him in time. | | | | | |
| 9 | "The Crimson Fang"
Transliteration: "Kurenai no Kiba" (Japanese: 紅ノ牙) | Yoshinari Saitō | Fumihiko Shimo | March 4, 2004 (2004-03-04) |
| Leele, being cared for by the castle maids, seems to be feeling better, but still is showing signs of mental fatique and stress. Graviton disruption is detected by the battle between the Gran Troopers and the Zeravire. Eiji contacts his friends to see if Toga is found. Faye brings Toga to an abandoned orphanage, reminiscing on the time that Toga, Eiji, and her spent together. She is jealous that Toga is the pilot of the Gran Kaiser, but is disappointed that Toga caused the loss of two pilots. Faye offers Toga to be her subordinate, but Eiji barges in and intervenes. Mizuki finds Luna in the medical facility of the Earth Federation Alliance military base. Eiji reminds Toga that Eina sacrificed herself for nothing. This then causes them to start fighting. Eiji suggests to Toga to apologize to Leele. Soon after, a Zeravire is spotted hovering the city. The Zeravire is causing a space distortion, allowing more Zeravire to appear in the city. As Mizuki and Luna make their way for their escape, they encounter the Presider of the Earth Federation Alliance. Mizuki brings him along to join up Gran Troopers. The President witnesses how poorly the Gran Troopers are combating against the Zeravire. Back at Sandman's castle, Toga carries Leele in his arms, as the other pilots dispatch in their respective Gran Divas, to combine into Gravion. Cookie and Thoria also join to help. Gravion arrive to aid the Gran Troopers. Cookie and Thoria both are shot by the Zeravire. Gravion is being crushed by another Zeravire. Suddenly, a bright green light eliminates all the Zeravire in one blow. The source of the green light is revealed to come from Sol Gravion. | | | | | |
| 10 | "The Sun's Flames"
Transliteration: "Taiyō no Honō" (Japanese: 太陽の炎) | Yōsuke Kabashima | Yūji Hosono | March 11, 2004 (2004-03-11) |
| Both the Gran Knights and the G-Soldiers are shocked to see that Sol Gravion eliminated all the Zeravire in one blow. They are also shocked to see that Eina was the pilot of Sol Gravion. Eina tells the other pilots that when she sacrificed herself, her memories were transferred to her other body that resided in the Moon. Eina initiates Elgo Mode on Sol Gravion, and she allows Eiji to pilot it. Hugi allows more Zeravire to appear in the city, but both Gravion and Sol Gravion defeat all the Zeravire, performing the Super Heavyweight Slash technique. However, this enrages Hugi. All the pilots are received the upgraded versions of the Gran Divas. Luna and Eina test out the Geo Javelin, Mizuki tests out the Geo Stinger, Leele is given the Geo Caliber, and Eiji is given the Geo Mirage. Sandman is reminded of the relationship between the Gran Knights and their roles within the Sol Gravion. A large image of Hugi on the Zeravire appears on Earth to announce that he will destroy the entire human race. To intervene, Sandman launches his castle into outer space. The Gran Divas combine to become Sol Gravion to destroy the image of Hugi on the Zeravire. | | | | | |
| 11 | "Creation Star Machine"
Transliteration: "Sōseiki" (Japanese: 創星機) | Yukihito Ōgomori | Kiyoko Yoshimura | March 18, 2004 (2004-03-18) |
| The President of the Earth Federation Alliance announces on the upcoming battle with the Zeravire. The maids prepare food for the pilots. In outer space, Toga and Leele bond closer as they view Earth. Luna, spying on them, is startled when Eiji appears behind her. In an elevator, Mizuki and Raven talk about her regret for working for the Earth Federation Alliance. Back at the Earth Federation Alliance military base, Faye converses with Alex Smith about significant existence. Faye then orders him to dispatch all the G-Soldiers, when darkness suddenly covers the sky. The source of this darkness is due to Hugi's Genocidron System. The Zeravire are seen in outer space. The Gran Knights dispatch to stop the Zeravire. The Gran Divas combine into Sol Gravion. None of the attacks of the Sol Gravion is able to eradicate the Zervaire. The Gran Troopers start to dispatch into outer space. Inside the Genocidron System, the Gran Knights meet Hugi. Hugi calls for Sandman, but Raven tells him it's a trap. Sandman plans to sacrifice himself in order to save Earth. Using his body, Sandman combines with his Gran Divas to create Sigma Gravion. He defeat the Zeravire, using Graviton Break. The Genocidron System creates a Genocidron, which has absorbed Selias and Llambias, the two neighboring worlds. Lufira appears and stabs Sandman in the chest with a sword. Sandman then apologizes to Hugi. | | | | | |
| 12 | "The Spiritual Song of Victory"
Transliteration: "Tamashii no Gaika" (Japanese: 魂の凱歌) | Masami Ōbari | Fumihiko Shimo | March 25, 2004 (2004-03-25) |
| Tension rises when the Genocidron seems to be more powerful. Eina reports to the others that Sandman is using the Sigma Gravion. Back on Earth, Eiji's friends are worried about him and the other pilots. The attacks of Sol Gravion have no effects to the Genocidron. Meanwhile, Hugi engages Sandman in a sword battle, telling him that it was his fault for Lufira's death. Sol Gravion continue to fight against the Genocidron only to no avail. Leele plans to sacrifice herself, by standing in front of the Genocidron. Eiji runs out to chase her to catch her. Hugi senses Leele, therefore stopping anymore attacks from the Genocidron. Toga is then able to defeat the Genocidron, giving relieve from everyone on Earth. However, Hugi still plans to absorb the Earth. He attempts to choke Sandman, until Lufira suddenly appears. Hugi resumes engaging Sandman in battle, but is defeated and killed. Sandman tells the pilots that it is his farewell, but they refuse to say goodbye to him. Ayaka reveals to the pilots that she was Raven, and goes to him in Sigma Gravion. Ayaka explains to the pilots that putting on the mask made one look like Raven. Ayaka tells Luna that the mask was given by Luna's father. Sandman and the pilots make their way to Earth, until the alarm sounds, alerting the Genocidron nearby. The Genocidron plans to crash into Earth, in order to destroy the human race. Sol Gravion and Sigma Gravion combine to form Ultimate Gravion, to perform the Super Heavyweight Flame Emperor Slash technique, destroying the Genocidron. Everyone back on Earth rejoices for this victory. Back on Earth, a wedding is held for Sandman and Ayaka. In the end, Ayaka throws the bouquet, and all the maids try to catch it. However, Toga ends up catching it and asks Eiji if they'd marry much to the latter's disgust and the girl's shock who explain Toga that marrying is usually an act a man and woman commit however, Eina adds that two males could marry each other too if they want to. | | | | | |


title: Shell V-Power

abstract: Shell V-Power is the brand name given to Shell's enhanced high specification fuels for road motor vehicles including "Shell V-Power Nitro+" and "Shell V-Power Diesel". Introduced in Italy in 2001, Shell relaunched the fuel in March 2008, under the name Nitrogen-Enriched Shell V-Power, with nitrogen-containing detergents. Initially used for higher octane Super Unleaded petrol/gasoline, it is now additionally used for high specification diesel fuel.

text:
# Shell V-Power

**Shell V-Power** is the brand name given to Shell's enhanced high specification fuels for road motor vehicles including "Shell V-Power Nitro+" and "Shell V-Power Diesel". Introduced in Italy in 2001, Shell relaunched the fuel in March 2008, under the name Nitrogen-Enriched Shell V-Power, with nitrogen-containing detergents.

Initially used for higher octane Super Unleaded petrol/gasoline (formerly known as Optimax in some regions), it is now additionally used for high specification diesel fuel.

## V-Power petrol

Petrol or gasoline is assessed, categorised and sold by an octane rating. Generally, in most areas of the world, the Research Octane Number (RON) is used, but in North America, the Anti-Knock Index (AKI) is used. Conventional 'standard' "Super Unleaded" petrol in Europe, South Asia and Australia has an octane rating of 95 RON, and in North America "Premium Unleaded" is AKI/RdON/PON 91–93 (RON 96–98). However, higher octane "Super Plus Unleaded" – often formulated with higher quality additives, is usually set at around 98 RON in mainland Europe; but this can vary by market. Most oil and petroleum companies now market their own Super Plus Unleaded petrols under a unique name – and the current name for Shell Super Unleaded fuel is "V-Power". Like most Super Plus Unleaded petrols, V-Power also contains higher concentrations of detergents and other additives to help clean the engine and smooth its operation.

In the United Kingdom and Denmark (where Super Plus Unleaded must be a minimum of 97 RON), V-Power has a rating of 99 RON (whereas V-Power's predecessor Shell Optimax was rated at 98 RON). There are two other 99 RON fuels available in the UK, namely Tesco Momentum99 and more recently Esso Synergy Supreme+ 99.

In the Netherlands, V-Power used to have a 95 RON rating, although officials from Shell stated it effectively had a 97 RON rating. Due to the limited categories of 92 RON, 95 RON, 98 RON and 100 RON, it was officially rated at 95. These days, the RON rating of the V-power petrol in the Netherlands is rated at 98.

In Germany, all Shell stations offer V-Power Racing 100, rated at 100 RON. In Greece, all Shell stations offer V-Power rated at 97 RON. Most Shell stations also offer V-Power Racing (100 RON).

In Australia, from October 2006, Shell and Coles Express re-branded Optimax to V-Power (98 RON). V-Power Racing, the ultra-high performance variant has a rating of 100 RON although Shell decided to phase out V-Power Racing from 21 July to mid August 2008, instead recommending V-Power. The previously obtainable higher grade V-Power Racing which contained 5% ethanol to boost V-Power's octane rating to 100 RON has now been phased out by Shell due to a "changing market".

In the United States, in around 2004, all Shell "Premium" gas was rebranded as "V-Power". In 2015, Shell re-branded V-Power to the newly launched V-Power Nitro+.

In Canada, from June 2005, Shell Canada re-branded Optimax Gold to V-Power. In 2015, Shell Canada re-branded V-Power to V-Power Nitro+.

In Hong Kong, as there is no oil refinery plant, gasoline was imported from Singapore, which is 98 RON. However, V-Power sold in gas stations was rumoured to reach 167 RON (the highest native RON for consumer grade commercial petrol worldwide). Such a figure was not supported by any actual test, nor was it confirmed by Shell and was contradicted by a report of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.

In New Zealand, from 2007, Shell rebranded 95 Premium Unleaded as V-Power. It was still rated at 95 RON. Shell sold its New Zealand retail operations in 2010, to a consortium which later became Z Energy, and upon re-branding Shell V-Power was replaced with ZX Premium Unleaded.

In Sweden, Shell V-Power was previously 99 RON, but is now been re-branded under the new owner St1 from June 2011, to "Shell V-Power E5" making it 98 RON with a mix of 5% ethanol.

In Argentina, V-Power is the grade 3 fuel sold by Shell, rated at 98 RON. In the Philippines, Pilipinas Shell launches the new Shell V-Power (replacing Shell Velocity) in 2006. On June 1, 2012, Shell Philippines launches the premium fuel grade, Shell V-Power Nitro+ Gasoline (formerly Shell Super Premium) and Shell V-Power Nitro+ Racing (formerly Shell V-Power). In Indonesia, from April 2013, Shell rebranded 95 Super Extra as V-Power with additional additives. While it is still rated at 95 RON.

In Malaysia & Singapore, it is RON98, the octane is higher for V-Power Racing. In Philippines, on June 8, 2017, V-Power Nitro+ was replaced with V-Power with Dynaflex technology. In Russia, all Shell stations offer V-Power rated 95 RON, some stations also offer V-Power Racing (98 RON).

## V-Power Diesel

V-Power Diesel is Shell's version of an enhanced diesel fuel, similar to BP's 'Ultimate Diesel'. Like BP Ultimate Diesel, Shell V-Power Diesel is designed for modern compression-ignition diesel engines, to facilitate enhanced engine performance along with increased engine protection, for more consistent operation and engine longevity.

One characteristic of V-Power diesel is that it is a lot clearer and odourless than normal diesel, mainly due to the synthetic gas to liquid (GTL) component.

The fuel is slightly less dense than regular diesel so, per volume, the unit energy is actually lower than regular diesel. This is offset, as the fuel tends to ignite more readily (and thus has a higher cetane rating) than regular diesel, and a side benefit of this is that it tends to produce less soot during combustion.

Shell also markets a different "premium" diesel in Canada labeled V-Power, which they state "Is specially formulated for year-round Canadian weather conditions, with a cetane improver, a de-icer and a corrosion inhibitor.". This Canadian V-Power diesel is dispensed from a dedicated pump that injects a measured amount of NEMO 2061 additive into the diesel supply shared with the other diesel pumps at the service station., which would typically be reflected by an increase in cetane rating of 1-2 points, but it is worth noting that unlike European V-Power diesel, it contains no GTL components beyond those that may already exist in the shared diesel supply.

Effective June 1, 2012, Pilipinas Shell launches the new premium diesel fuel grade, Shell V-Power Nitro+ Diesel (formerly Shell V-Power Diesel). On June 8, 2017, Shell V-Power Nitro+ Diesel was renamed back as Shell V-Power Diesel.

## Development in motorsports

Since 2004, Shell V-Power has been sponsoring Scuderia Ferrari that participates in Formula One. Shell V-Power also sponsored Audi Sport Team Joest factory team until 2009. Since 2016 Shell V-Power has been sponsoring Dick Johnson Racing in the Supercars Championship.

Part of the campaign, especially targeted to sell "V-Power Nitro+" brand of the fuels (higher priced than usual and similar to blend used on the track) is organizing Formula One events in cities without a track. For example, on the streets of Warsaw, Poland, where Scuderia Ferrari driver Felipe Massa drove the race car used in 2013 Formula One Championship.

All Shell V-Power fuels are featured in *Need for Speed: The Run*.

## InfoBox

Shell V-Power
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Shell petrol station in Hong Kong displaying the "V-Power" brand, pictured in 2009 | |
| Product type | Fuel |
| Owner | Shell plc |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Introduced | 2001 (2001) |
| Markets | Worldwide |
| Tagline | "Actively cleans as you drive", among others |
| Website | shell.us/vpower |


title: 1959–60 Coupe de France

abstract: The Coupe de France's results of the 1959–60 season. AS Monaco FC won the final played on 15 May 1960, beating AS Saint-Étienne.

text:
# 1959–60 Coupe de France

The **Coupe de France'**s results of the **1959–60 season**. AS Monaco FC won the final played on 15 May 1960, beating AS Saint-Étienne.

## Round of 16

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **AS Monaco** (D1) | 3–2 (a.e.t.) | US Forbach (D2) |
| **OGC Nice** (D1) | 3–0 | Angers SCO (D1) |
| **Stade de Reims** (D1) | 3–2 | Nîmes Olympique (D1) |
| **FC Sète** (D2) | 3–1 | Limoges FC (D1) |
| **AS Saint-Étienne** (D1) | 2–1 | Stade Rennais (D1) |
| **Lille OSC** (D2) | 2–1 | AS Gardanne (PHB) |
| **Le Havre AC** (D1) | 2–1 | Red Star (D2) |
| **AS Cannes** (D2) | 3–2 | Stade français (D1) |

## Quarter-finals

| Team 1 | Score | Team 2 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **AS Monaco** (D1) | 3–1 | OGC Nice (D1) |
| **Stade de Reims** (D1) | 1–0 (a.e.t.) | FC Sète (D2) |
| **AS Saint-Étienne** (D1) | 3–1 | Lille OSC (D2) |
| **Le Havre AC** (D1) | 4–2 | AS Cannes (D2) |

## Semi-finals

| AS Monaco (1) | 2–1 | Stade de Reims (1) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cossou  14'
Hess  88' | (Report) | Siatka  69' |

---

| AS Saint-Étienne (1) | 3–2 | Le Havre AC (1) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Peyroche  12'
Coinçon  22'
Oleksiak  34' | (Report) | Ferrari  41' (pen.)
Taberner  88' |

## Final

| Monaco | 4–2 (a.e.t.) | Saint-Étienne |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Roy  5', 114'
Biancheri  88'
Ludwikowski  103' | Report | Liron  43'
Domingo  86' |

Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, ColombesAttendance: 38,298Referee: Marcel Lequesne

## InfoBox

1959–60 Coupe de France
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | France |
|  | |


title: Stefan Schmittmann

abstract: Stefan Schmittmann is a German manager. He has been chairman of the supervisory board of Commerzbank since May 2018.

text:
# Stefan Schmittmann

**Stefan Schmittmann** (born November 8, 1956) is a German manager. He has been chairman of the supervisory board of Commerzbank since May 2018.

## Education

Schmittmann was born on November 8, 1956, in Munich, Germany. From 1976 to 1981, Schmittmann studied business administration at the University of St. Gallen, Switzerland. From 1981 to 1986, he did his post-graduate studies and completed them as a doctorate in business administration.

## Career

Schmittmann began his career as research assistant at the University of St. Gallen. In 1986, he joined the Bayerische Vereinsbank, most recently as member of the divisional board and chief credit risk officer. From 2004 to 2005, Schmittmann was spokesman of the board of managing directors of the Vereins- und Westbank, a subsidiary of the Hypo- und Vereinsbank.

After some years in leading management and board positions at the Hypo- und Vereinsbank, Schmittmann finally joined Commerzbank in 2008. He became chief risk officer and member of the board of managing directors. Schmittmann was particularly responsible for Eurohypo, a real estate company that has been acquired by Commerzbank.

Schmittmann left the board of managing directors of Commerzbank by the end of 2015. In May 2018, he was elected to the supervisory board of Commerzbank, where he replaced Klaus-Peter Müller as chairman.

## Other activities

### Corporate boards

### Non-profit organizations

## InfoBox

| Stefan Schmittmann | |
| --- | --- |
| Stefan Schmittmann (2018) | |
| Born | (1956-11-08) November 8, 1956<br>Munich, Bavaria, Germany |
| Nationality | German |
| Alma mater | University of St. Gallen |
| Occupation | Banker |
| Known for | Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Commerzbank |