title: United States motorcycle Grand Prix

abstract: The United States motorcycle Grand Prix was a round of the FIM Grand Prix motorcycle racing World Championship.

text:
# United States motorcycle Grand Prix

The **United States motorcycle Grand Prix** was a round of the FIM Grand Prix motorcycle racing World Championship.

## History

The first United States Grand Prix was held in 1961 as a non-championship race at the Daytona International Speedway on the 2-mile or 3.2 kilometre long motorcycle course. In 1964, the FIM upgraded the Daytona race to world championship status by making it the opening round of the 1964 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season. A feud between the FIM and the American Motorcyclist Association (AMA) meant that AMA competitors such as Gary Nixon, Dick Mann and Roger Reiman were prevented from entering the FIM sanctioned event. This marked the first time that Grand Prix motorcycle racing raced on the North American continent. Spectator attendance for this race was low as there was little interest from the American public, who preferred the championship organized by the AMA and as a result was not interested in the "European" style of racing. In 1965 the U.S. Grand Prix returned for the second time at Daytona, but privateers were unable to pay for the trip to the United States and few Americans went to see the race due to the lack of interest in the majority European-styled championship. As a result of the lack of interest from the American public, top teams and riders, the United States Grand Prix was removed from the 1966 season.

After a 23-year absence, the U.S. Grand Prix returned for the 1988 on the Laguna Seca Raceway. That year's event was marred with problems as many especially European riders complained about the bumpyness of an old part of the track and the dangerously close barriers and concrete blocs that surrounded the circuit. Some European riders even considered to not participate in the race on Sunday while the American riders had no problems with the circuit as they had more experience. The 1989 didn't fare much better as the organization was once again poor - there were problems with the prize- and start money, tickets and timekeeping. Against the rules some sold tickets in front of the riders' quarter's, the prize money was unusual, the supply roads were insufficient and kept getting altered and the timekeeping produced useful times only after 18 hours. On top of that, the American organizers wanted to include a sidecar race in their program but refused to pay the extra travel expenses. While last year's bumpy section had been reprofiled for 1989, riders still complained it was dangerous - especially Turns 11, 1 and 2. During the race, an ambulance drove on the track in dangerous manner to assist the crashed out Wayne Gardner who had broken his leg after a heavy shunt exiting Turn 5, with no yellow flags being shown to the riders.

A bizarre incident occurred on the cooldown lap of the 1989 Grand Prix, when Bubba Shobert hit the back of Kevin Magee's motorcycle at high speed after he failed to see the Australian. Magee had stopped in the middle of the track behind a blind hill after he ran out of fuel to do a rear-wheel burnout, but Shobert was not looking forward as he was congratulating Eddie Lawson, who himself narrowly missed Magee. As Shobert lay motionless in the sand, a visibly distraught Lawson tried to help him. Shobert was brought to the hospital with severe head injuries and Magee was also recovered with a broken ankle and lower leg. Shobert would never race again after this incident while Magee was forced to miss both the Spanish and Italian rounds that year.

In 1990 the track of the U.S. Grand Prix had undergone various upgrades but riders still complained some points were dangerous. On lap two, Magee suffered a heavy accident whilst being in the top positions, his second in two years at this circuit. The race had to be red flagged to allow an ambulance to enter the circuit, where the Australian was taken to the hospital with severe head trauma. There he was operated and a blood clot in his brain was surgically removed, after which he was kept in an artificial coma for some time. The accident meant he was out of the 1990 season. In 1992 the United States Grand Prix was taken off the calendar in favour of other venues preferred by Bernie Ecclestone, who was increasingly involved in Grand Prix motorcycle racing at the time. For the 1993 however the event returned for two more years as Ecclestone focused more on Formula 1 again. In 1995 the race was scheduled to be held on August 6, but was eventually scrapped due to financial problems and complaints from riders about the dangerous circuit.

After a ten year hiatus, the event was brought back for the third time in 2005 on the same circuit as before - Laguna Seca. The track had undergone the needed updates and safety requirements and was now considered to be safe enough to host a U.S. Grand Prix again. Due to a California law on air pollution, only the four-stroke MotoGP motorcycles were allowed to participate. The race was won by home hero Nicky Hayden. In 2006 Hayden once again won his home race. The 2008 United States Grand Prix saw a thrilling battle between Valentino Rossi and Casey Stoner, the race being won by the Italian in the end. In 2014, the United States could only support two events (the Indianapolis Grand Prix and Motorcycle Grand Prix of the Americas were also scheduled at this time) and the organizers, as a not-for-profit, could no longer compete with either circuits. As a result, they couldn't keep up with Dorna's ever increasing financial demands and Laguna Seca was taken off the calendar despite having a contract for that year.

During the last existence of the U.S. Grand Prix, two other races co-existed with each other for one season in 2013 - the Indianapolis Grand Prix and the Grand Prix of the Americas. The first Grand Prix existed from 2008 until 2015 and the second one still is held today, only being cancelled in 2020 after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.

## Official names and sponsors

* 1965: Grand Prix of United States (no official sponsor)
* 1988: The United States International Grand Prix (no official sponsor)
* 1989: The Dunlop USGP
* 1990: The U.S. Budweiser International Grand Prix
* 1991: The Honda And Yamaha Motorcycles United States International Grand Prix
* 1993: USGP (no official sponsor)
* 1994: United States Motorcycle Grand Prix (no official sponsor)
* 2005–2013: Red Bull U.S. Grand Prix

## Spectator attendance

2005: 57,932

## Formerly used circuits

## Past winners

*A pink background indicates an event that was not part of the Grand Prix motorcycle racing championship.*

### Multiple winners (riders)

| \# Wins | Rider | Wins | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Category | Years won |
| 3 | Hugh Anderson | 125cc | 1964, 1965 |
| | 50cc | 1964 |
| | Wayne Rainey | 500cc | 1989, 1990, 1991 |
| | John Kocinski | 500cc | 1993 |
| | 250cc | 1989, 1990 |
| | Casey Stoner | MotoGP | 2007, 2011, 2012 |
| 2 | Mike Hailwood | 500cc | 1964, 1965 |
| | Luca Cadalora | 500cc | 1994 |
| | 250cc | 1991 |
| | Nicky Hayden | MotoGP | 2005, 2006 |

### Multiple winners (manufacturers)

| \# Wins | Manufacturer | Wins | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Category | Years won |
| 12 | Honda | MotoGP | 2005, 2006, 2009, 2011, 2012, 2013 |
| | 250cc | 1988, 1991, 1993, 1994 |
| | 125cc | 1993, 1994 |
| 10 | Yamaha | MotoGP | 2008, 2010 |
| | 500cc | 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1994 |
| | 250cc | 1965, 1989, 1990 |
| 4 | Suzuki | 125cc | 1964, 1965 |
| | 50cc | 1964, 1965 |
| 2 | MV Agusta | 500cc | 1964, 1965 |

### By year

| Year | Track | Moto3 | | Moto2 | | MotoGP | | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | |
| 2013 | Laguna Seca |  |  |  |  | Marc Márquez | Honda | Report |
| | 2012 |  |  |  |  | Casey Stoner | Honda | Report |
| Year | Track | 125cc | | Moto2 | | MotoGP | | Report |
| | | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | |
| 2011 | Laguna Seca |  |  |  |  | Casey Stoner | Honda | Report |
| | 2010 |  |  |  |  | Jorge Lorenzo | Yamaha | Report |
| Year | Track | 125cc | | 250cc | | MotoGP | | Report |
| | | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | |
| 2009 | Laguna Seca |  |  |  |  | Dani Pedrosa | Honda | Report |
| | 2008 |  |  |  |  | Valentino Rossi | Yamaha | Report |
| | 2007 |  |  |  |  | Casey Stoner | Ducati | Report |
| | 2006 |  |  |  |  | Nicky Hayden | Honda | Report |
| | 2005 |  |  |  |  | Nicky Hayden | Honda | Report |
| Year | Track | 125cc | | 250cc | | 500cc | | Report |
| | | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | |
| 1994 | Laguna Seca | Takeshi Tsujimura | Honda | Doriano Romboni | Honda | Luca Cadalora | Yamaha | Report |
| | 1993 | Dirk Raudies | Honda | Loris Capirossi | Honda | John Kocinski | Cagiva | Report |
| | 1991 |  |  | Luca Cadalora | Honda | Wayne Rainey | Yamaha | Report |
| | 1990 |  |  | John Kocinski | Yamaha | Wayne Rainey | Yamaha | Report |

| Year | Track | 80cc | | 125cc | | 250cc | | 500cc | | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | |
| 1989 | Laguna Seca |  |  |  |  | John Kocinski | Yamaha | Wayne Rainey | Yamaha | Report |
| | 1988 |  |  |  |  | Jim Filice | Honda | Eddie Lawson | Yamaha | Report |

| Year | Track | 50cc | | 125cc | | 250cc | | 350cc | | 500cc | | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | |
| 1965 | Daytona | Ernst Degner | Suzuki | Hugh Anderson | Suzuki | Phil Read | Yamaha |  |  | Mike Hailwood | MV Agusta | Report |
| | 1964 | Hugh Anderson | Suzuki | Hugh Anderson | Suzuki | Alan Shepherd | MZ |  |  | Mike Hailwood | MV Agusta | Report |
| | 1963 | Mitsuo Itoh | Suzuki | Ernst Degner | Suzuki | Fumio Ito | Yamaha |  |  | Don Vesco | Yamaha | Report |
| | 1962 | Kunimitsu Takahashi | Honda | Kunimitsu Takahashi | Honda | Jess Thomas | Motobi |  |  | Kunimitsu Takahashi | Honda | Report |
| Year | Track |  | | 125cc | | 250cc | | 350cc | | 500cc | | Report |
| | |  |  | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | Rider | Manufacturer | |
| 1961 | Daytona |  |  |  |  | Moto Kitano | Honda |  |  | Tony Godfrey | Matchless | Report |

## InfoBox

United States Grand Prix
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Grand Prix motorcycle racing | |
| Venue | Mazda Raceway Laguna Seca (19881991, 19931994, 20052013) <br>Daytona International Speedway (19641965) |
| First race | 1964 |
| Last race | 2013 |
| Most wins (rider) | Hugh Anderson, John Kocinski, Wayne Rainey, Casey Stoner, (3) |
| Most wins (manufacturer) | Honda (12) |


title: Mandalika II

abstract: Ra Mandalika II was a Chudasama king of Saurashtra region of western India who reigned from 1396 CE to 1400 CE.

text:
# Mandalika II

Ra **Mandalika II** was a Chudasama king of Saurashtra region of western India who reigned from 1396 CE to 1400 CE (VS 1452 to VS 1456).

## Reign

Mandalika succeeded his father Mokalasimha in 1396 CE at elder age. He remained at Vanthali and died in 1400 and was succeeded by his brother Meliga.

He is also mentioned in genealogy of Revati Kund near Damodar Kund, Junagadh (VS 1472/1417 CE).

## InfoBox

| Mandalika II | |
| --- | --- |
| *Ra of Saurashtra* | |
| Reign | 13961400 CE |
| Predecessor | Mokalasimha |
| Successor | Meliga |
| Era name and dates  Vikram Samvat: 14521456 | |
| Dynasty | Chudasama dynasty |
| Father | Mokalasimha |
| Religion | Hinduism |


title: Frank O'Keefe

abstract: Frank Lionel O'Keefe, AM was an Australian politician. Born in Gunnedah, New South Wales, he attended state schools before becoming a farm machinery distributor and oil merchant. He was mayor of Gunnedah Shire Council for 18 years, and also served on Namoi Valley County Council. In 1961 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Liverpool Plains, representing the Country Party; he transferred to Upper Hunter in 1962, which he held until 1969. In that year he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the member for Paterson. He held the seat until its abolition in 1984, at which time he retired. O'Keefe died in 1989.

text:
# Frank O'Keefe

**Frank Lionel O'Keefe**, AM (6 October 1912 – 21 April 1989) was an Australian politician. Born in Gunnedah, New South Wales, he attended state schools before becoming a farm machinery distributor and oil merchant. He was mayor of Gunnedah Shire Council for 18 years, and also served on Namoi Valley County Council. In 1961 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Liverpool Plains, representing the Country Party; he transferred to Upper Hunter in 1962, which he held until 1969. In that year he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the member for Paterson. He held the seat until its abolition in 1984, at which time he retired. O'Keefe died in 1989.

## InfoBox

| Frank O'KeefeAM | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the Australian Parliament
for Paterson | |
| **In office**
25 October 1969  26 October 1984 | |
| Preceded by | Allen Fairhall |
| Succeeded by | *Division abolished* |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Frank Lionel O'Keefe
(1912-10-06)6 October 1912
Gunnedah, New South Wales |
| Died | 21 April 1989(1989-04-21) (aged 76) |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Political party | Country Party |
| Occupation | Farm machinery and oil merchant |
|  | |


title: Verdell Jackson

abstract: Verdell Jackson is an American educator, rancher and politician from Montana. He is a former Republican member of the Montana House of Representatives and the Montana State Senate from District 5, representing Kalispell, Montana.

text:
# Verdell Jackson

**Verdell Jackson** (born April 1, 1941) is an American educator, rancher and politician from Montana. He is a former Republican member of the Montana House of Representatives and the Montana State Senate from District 5, representing Kalispell, Montana.

## Early life and education

Jackson was born in Cortez, Colorado.

In 1964, Jackson earned a Bachelor of Science degree from the University of Colorado, followed by a Master of Arts degree from Arizona State University in 1970.

## Career

In 1964, Jackson became a high school teacher, a profession he held until 1970. From 1970-72 he worked as an instructor at the University of Alaska. In 1991, he became a superintendent at Flathead Christian School, until 1996. Jackson was also a rancher.

In 1998, Jackson began serving in the Montana House of Representatives.

On November 5, 2002, Jackson won the election unopposed and became a Republican member of Montana House of Representatives for District 79.

On November 2, 2004, Jackson won the election and became a Republican member of Montana House of Representatives for District 6. He defeated Shannon Hanson with 64.71% of the votes.

On November 7, 2006, Jackson won the election and became a Republican member of the Montana Senate for District 5. He defeated Ric Smith with 59.54% of the votes.

## Personal life

Jackson's wife is Linda Jackson. They have one child. Jackson and his family live in Kalispell, Montana.

## InfoBox

| Verdell Jackson | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Montana House of Representatives
from the 79th district | |
| **In office**
January 2003  December 2004 | |
| Succeeded by | Dave Gallik |
| Member of the Montana House of Representatives
from the 6th district | |
| **In office**
January 2005  December 2006 | |
| Preceded by | Veronica Small-Eastman |
| Succeeded by | William Beck Sr. |
| Member of the Montana Senate
from the 5th district | |
| **In office**
January 2007  December 2014 | |
| Succeeded by | Bob Keenan |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1941-04-01) April 1, 1941
Cortez, Colorado |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Linda Jackson |
| Children | 1 |
| Residence | Kalispell, Montana |
| Occupation | Educator, rancher, politician |
|  | |


title: Mont Granier

abstract: Mont Granier (1,933m) is a limestone mountain located between the départements of Savoie and Isère in France. It lies in the Chartreuse Mountains range of the French Prealps between the towns of Chapareillan and Entremont-le-Vieux. Its east face overlooks the valley of Grésivaudan and Combe de Savoie, and the north face overlooks Chambéry. At 900 meters tall, Mont Granier has one of the highest cliffs in France.

text:
# Mont Granier

**Mont Granier** (1,933m) is a limestone mountain located between the départements of Savoie and Isère in France. It lies in the Chartreuse Mountains range of the French Prealps between the towns of Chapareillan and Entremont-le-Vieux. Its east face overlooks the valley of Grésivaudan and Combe de Savoie, and the north face overlooks Chambéry. At 900 meters tall, Mont Granier has one of the highest cliffs in France.

## Landslides

### Catastrophic 1248 Landslide

In the year 1248, between November 24–25, a mass of limestone resting on marls slid into the valley, causing a massive landslide that destroyed many villages and caused over a thousand casualties, although the numbers are still debated. This event created the sheer 700 m north face of the mountain.

Five villages were partly or completely destroyed by the avalanche:

* Cognin
* Vourey
* Saint-André
* Granier
* Saint-Pérange (also called Saint-Péran)

Two villages were partially destroyed:

The 1248 Landslide was one of the biggest and deadliest landslides in Europe.

### January 9, 2016, Landslide

In the night of between January 8–9, 2016, a part of the northwest pillar crumbled towards Entremont-le-Vieux, where residents woke up at 5 in the morning. The collapse was of about 70,000 cubic meters of rock. The last debris were stopped by trees within 300 m of the closest houses, lying in the hamlets of *Brancaz* and *Tencovaz*.

## Activities

It is a popular spot for hiking, caving, rock climbing, and BASE jumping. Around the base of Mont Granier are many vineyards that produce the Apremont and Abymes appellations. These wines are made from the white Jacquère grape, seldom used outside Savoie. The Col du Granier (1,134 m.) crosses the ridge to the north-west of the mountain.

### Caving

454 caves have been identified over an area of 2.8 km2, and form two networks under this small area. To the north, the trou des Auges, ressaut de 108 m, trou des Filous, grotte Arva, and Cuvée des Ours connect with the Granier system, located in the center of the plateau, to form a 55.725 km network over a depth of 635 meters. The latter consists of the Gros trou Bib, trou des Panaches, gouffre des Myriades, Étoile du Berger, trou Lilou and trou Mathieu for its main cavities. To the south, the system Balme à Collomb-grotte des Pincherins of 8,336 metres (27,349 ft) for 283 metres (928 ft) of elevation gain, now well known for its cave bear deposit has to date not been connected to the Granier system. On November 13, 1988, cavers Pierre Guichebaron and Marc Papet discovered an extension to the Balme à Collomb cave on the west side of the mountain at an altitude of 5,577 feet (1,700 meters) that contained the skeletons of over 1,000 cave bears that date between 24,000 and 45,000 years. The current Granier massif is a remnant of a previously larger plateau reduced by erosion.

## InfoBox

| Mont Granier | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,933 m (6,342 ft) |
| Coordinates | 45°27′53″N 05°55′31″E / 45.46472°N 5.92528°E / 45.46472; 5.92528 |
| Geography | |
| Mont GranierLocation in the Alps | |
| Location | Savoie and Isère, France |
| Parent range | Chartreuse Mountains |


title: Marlon Torres

abstract: Marlon Torres is a Colombian professional footballer for Deportes Tolima.

text:
# Marlon Torres

**Marlon Torres** (born 17 April 1996) is a Colombian professional footballer for Deportes Tolima.

## InfoBox

Marlon Torres
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Marlon Aldair Torres Obeso | | |
| Date of birth | 17 April 1996 | | |
| Place of birth | Barranquilla, Colombia | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Deportes Tolima | | |
| Number | 17 | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 2015 | Atlético Nacional | 0 | (0) |
| 2016 | Leones F.C. | 27 | (1) |
| 2017-2018 | Atlético Bucaramanga | 77 | (3) |
| 2019–2022 | América de Cali | 121 | (4) |
| 2023 | Independiente Santa Fe | 7 | (0) |
| 2023– | Deportes Tolima | 45 | (1) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: List of Western Bulldogs coaches

abstract:
The following is a list of coaches who have coached the Western Bulldogs, previously known as Footscray, at a game of Australian rules football in the Australian Football League (AFL), formerly the VFL.
  - Statistics are correct as of Round 15, 2024 Key:
  - P = Played
  - W = Won
  - L = Lost
  - D = Drew
  - W% = Win percentage

text:
# List of Western Bulldogs coaches

The following is a list of coaches who have coached the Western Bulldogs, previously known as Footscray, at a game of Australian rules football in the Australian Football League (AFL), formerly the VFL.

| No. | Coach | P | W | L | D | W% | Years |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Con McCarthy | 17 | 4 | 13 | 0 | 23.53 | 1925 |
| 2 | Harry Saunders | 10 | 3 | 7 | 0 | 30.00 | 1926 |
| 3 | Jim Cassidy | 8 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 12.50 | 1926 |
| 4 | Paddy Scanlan | 36 | 15 | 21 | 0 | 41.67 | 1927–28 |
| 5 | Alec Eason | 18 | 6 | 11 | 1 | 36.11 | 1929 |
| 6 | Allan Hopkins | 18 | 4 | 14 | 0 | 22.22 | 1930 |
| 7 | Bill Cubbins | 54 | 32 | 22 | 0 | 59.26 | 1931–33 |
| 8 | Alby Morrison | 22 | 6 | 16 | 0 | 27.27 | 1934–35 |
| 9 | Syd Coventry | 36 | 8 | 26 | 2 | 25.00 | 1935–37 |
| 10 | Joe Kelly | 69 | 29 | 40 | 0 | 42.03 | 1937–40 |
| 11 | Norman Ware | 33 | 20 | 13 | 0 | 60.61 | 1941–42 |
| 12 | Arthur Olliver | 131 | 68 | 62 | 1 | 52.29 | 1943–50 |
| 13 | Jim Crowe | 19 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 44.74 | 1947 |
| 14 | Charlie Sutton | 162 | 81 | 79 | 2 | 50.62 | 1951–57, 1967–68 |
| 15 | George McLaren | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 100.00 | 1951 |
| 16 | Wally Donald | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 66.67 | 1952, 1953 |
| 17 | Ted Whitten | 228 | 91 | 137 | 0 | 39.91 | 1957–66 1969–71 |
| 18 | Joe Ryan | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0.00 | 1959, 1960 |
| 19 | Bill Findlay | 5 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 40.00 | 1961–62, 1964, 1966 |
| 20 | Bob Rose | 89 | 42 | 45 | 2 | 48.31 | 1972–75 |
| 21 | Bill Goggin | 46 | 21 | 23 | 2 | 47.83 | 1976–78 |
| 22 | Don McKenzie | 44 | 14 | 29 | 1 | 31.81 | 1978–79, 1982 |
| 23 | Royce Hart | 53 | 8 | 45 | 0 | 15.09 | 1980–82 |
| 24 | Frank Goode | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0.00 | 1981 |
| 25 | Ian Hampshire | 33 | 12 | 21 | 0 | 36.36 | 1982–83 |
| 26 | Mick Malthouse | 135 | 67 | 66 | 2 | 50.37 | 1984–89 |
| 27 | Terry Wheeler | 91 | 50 | 40 | 1 | 55.49 | 1990–94 |
| 28 | Alan Joyce | 57 | 25 | 30 | 2 | 45.61 | 1994–96 |
| 29 | Terry Wallace | 148 | 79 | 67 | 2 | 54.05 | 1996–2002 |
| 30 | Peter Rohde | 45 | 9 | 35 | 1 | 21.11 | 2002–04 |
| 31 | Rodney Eade | 162 | 88 | 72 | 2 | 54.94 | 2005–2011 |
| 32 | Paul Williams | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 66.67 | 2011 |
| 33 | Brendan McCartney | 66 | 20 | 46 | 0 | 30.30 | 2012–14 |
| 34 | Luke Beveridge | 229 | 129 | 100 | 0 | 56.33 | 2015 - |

* Statistics are correct as of Round 15, 2024

Key:

P = Played W = Won L = Lost D = Drew W% = Win percentage


title: Management development

abstract: Management development is the process by which managers learn and improve their management skills.

text:
# Management development

**Management development** is the process by which managers learn and improve their management skills.

## Background

In organisational development, management effectiveness is recognized as a determinant of organisational success. Therefore, investment in management development can have a direct economic benefit to the organisation. In 2004, the money spent per year per manager on management and leadership development was £1,035, an average of 6.3 days per manager.

## Approaches to management development

## Purpose of management development

Managers are an integral part of the decision-making processes of organizations. Therefore, management development is a crucial factor in improving their performance. A management development program may help reduce employee turnover, improve employee satisfaction, better able a company to track manager performance, improve managers' people management skills, improve management productivity and morale, and prepare managers for technological change.

## Action learning

Many management qualifications now have an action learning element. Action learning asserts that individuals learn best from hands-on experience.

## Coaching

Coaching is a teaching, training or development process in which an individual is supported while achieving a specific personal or professional result or goal. Coaching is an effective learning tool that affects the bottom line and productivity, as well as intangible benefits. It aids in the improvement of individual performance, tackles underperformance, and aids in the identification of personal learning needs.

## Management education

One of the biggest growth areas in UK education since the early 1980s has been the growth of university-level management education. In addition to weekly part-time attendance at college/university, many students employ distance learning. The number of UK business schools grew from two in the early 1970s, to over one hundred providers.

## Selection on the basis of psychological traits

A study of oil-industry middle-management in Iran suggests advantages in selecting middle managers on the basis of self-reliance, self-efficiency, building trust, and legal attitude.

## Management development programme

Large corporates and management institutes conduct management-development programmes (MDP) in order to enable current and prospective managers to develop an understanding of management concepts, practices, approaches and perspectives. The participants receive an immersive learning experience, are encouraged to provide insights on situational problems, and are exposed to the views of other participants in their group. Through this process, they gain problem-solving skills and analytical-thinking abilities.


title: Petr Beckmann

abstract: Petr Beckmann was a professor of electrical engineering and advocate of libertarianism and nuclear power who disputed Albert Einstein's theory of relativity and other accepted theories in modern physics.

text:
# Petr Beckmann

**Petr Beckmann** (November 13, 1924 – August 3, 1993) was a professor of electrical engineering and advocate of libertarianism and nuclear power who disputed Albert Einstein's theory of relativity and other accepted theories in modern physics.

## Biography

In 1939, when Beckmann was 14, his family fled their home in Prague, Czechoslovakia to escape the Nazis. From 1942 to 1945, he served in a Czech squadron of the Royal Air Force. He worked as a radar mechanic on the newly invented radar systems that helped Britain win the Battle of the Atlantic. He received a B.Sc. in 1949, a Ph.D. in 1955, and a D.Sc. in 1962, all from Prague's Czech Academy of Sciences in electrical engineering. He defected to the United States in 1963 and became a professor (later, emeritus) of electrical engineering at the University of Colorado. In the United States, he became acquainted with novelist Ayn Rand, a contributing editor to a publication devoted to her ideas, *The Intellectual Activist*, and a speaker at The Thomas Jefferson School, an intellectual conference of similar purpose.

Beckmann was a prolific author; he wrote several electrical engineering textbooks and non-technical works. By 1968, he had founded Golem Press, which published most of his books. The Golem Press books included *The Health Hazards of Not Going Nuclear* (1976), which argued in favor of nuclear power during the height of the anti-nuclear movement by making "apples-to-apples" comparisons of the risks of nuclear power with the risks in the same terms (e.g., deaths per terawatt hour) of the alternative power sources. Beckmann also wrote *A History of π*, documenting the history of the calculation of . The book also expresses opposition to the Roman culture, Catholicism (and other religions), Nazism, and Communism. He published his own monthly newsletter, *Access to Energy*, which since September 1993 has been written by biochemist Arthur B. Robinson.

In 1981, he took early retirement with emeritus status, in order to devote himself fully to what he saw as the defense of science, technology and free enterprise, through his newsletter, *Access to Energy*. He founded the Golem Press in 1967, publishing more than nine books. These included *The History of π*, *Einstein Plus Two*, and *The Health Hazards of Not Going Nuclear* (with an Introduction by Edward Teller). He wrote some 60 scientific papers and eight technical books. Beckmann spoke at the 1990 San Francisco Conference of International Society for Individual Liberty (ISIL), where he received a standing ovation for his speech in which he attacked "sham environmentalists".

Beckmann was also a frequent participant in Usenet debates. In them, he claimed to have debunked Albert Einstein's theory of special relativity in his book *Einstein Plus Two*, as well as in the journal *Galilean Electrodynamics*, which he also founded.

## Books

* *Probability in Communication Engineering*. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World. 1967. OCLC 565718.
* *Elements of Applied Probability Theory*. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World. 1968.
* *Depolarization of Electromagnetic Waves*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1968. ISBN 99957-1-158-3.
* *Whispered Anecdotes: Humor from Behind the Iron Curtain*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1969. ISBN 0-911762-04-3.
* *A History of π*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1971. ISBN 0-911762-12-4.
* *The Structure of Language: A New Approach*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1972. ISBN 0-911762-13-2.
* *Eco-hysterics & the Technophobes*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1973. ISBN 0-911762-15-9.
* *Orthogonal Polynomials for Engineers and Physicists*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1973. ISBN 0-911762-14-0.
* *Elementary Queuing Theory and Telephone Traffic*. New York: Flatiron Pub. 1976. ISBN 0-686-98072-7.
* *The Health Hazards of Not Going Nuclear*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1977. ISBN 0-911762-17-5.
* *Hammer and Tickle: Clandestine Laughter in the Soviet Empire*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1980. ISBN 0-911762-20-5.
* *Einstein Plus Two*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1987. ISBN 978-0-911762-39-6.
* *Scattering of Electromagnetic Waves from Rough Surfaces*. New York: Artech House Publishers. 1987. ISBN 0-89006-238-2. (with coauthor A. Spizzichino)
* *Musical Musings*. Boulder, CO: Golem Press. 1989. ISBN 978-0-911762-40-2.

## InfoBox

| Petr Beckmann | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1924-11-13)November 13, 1924
Prague, Czechoslovakia |
| Died | August 3, 1993(1993-08-03) (aged 68)
Boulder, Colorado, U.S. |
| Nationality | Czech |
| Alma mater | Czech Academy of Sciences |
| Known for | Libertarianism
Advocate of nuclear power
Criticism of relativity theory
Criticism of modern physics |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Electrical engineering |
| Institutions | University of Colorado |
|  | |


title: XXL (Mylène Farmer song)

abstract: "XXL" is a 1995 song recorded by French singer-songwriter Mylène Farmer. The song was the lead single from her fourth studio album Anamorphosée and was released on 19 September 1995. It marked an important change in the singer's career, with more pronounced variété sonorities, more accessible lyrics, and a music video directed by a new producer. Although it entered directly at number one on the French singles chart, it dropped quickly and achieved mixed success.

text:
# XXL (Mylène Farmer song)

"**XXL**" is a 1995 song recorded by French singer-songwriter Mylène Farmer. The song was the lead single from her fourth studio album *Anamorphosée* and was released on 19 September 1995. It marked an important change in the singer's career, with more pronounced *variété* sonorities, more accessible lyrics, and a music video directed by a new producer. Although it entered directly at number one on the French singles chart, it dropped quickly and achieved mixed success.

## Background and writing

After the failure of Laurent Boutonnat's film *Giorgino* in 1993, in which she played, Farmer decided to move to Los Angeles, willing to return to anonymity. In 1995, she found the inspiration to write new songs by reading various books, including *La Mort intime* by French author Marie de Hennezel, and *The Tibetan Book of Living and Dying*. She then asked Laurent Boutonnat to join her in California to produce together a new album, which would become *Anamorphosée*. However, following the failure of *Giorgino*, they decided to propose a new public image for the singer, and a new sound with rock sensibilities, inspired by the success of grunge and alternative rock scene in the early 1990s. When the French channel M6 announced the name and content of the first single, "XXL", it surprised the fans, since the album was not released yet. Long-term fans did not expect such a musical departure; some of them decided to turn their back on the new universe proposed by the duo Farmer / Boutonnat, but a new public was won over.

The promotion began on 24 August 1995. Some medias received a sizeable custom-made display rack, designed by Henry Neu, consisting of a giant "XXL" made in wrought iron, with the CD placed between the two "X" letters. The CD single was released on 19 September 1995. The various remixes on the four formats were all produced by Laurent Boutonnat and Bertrand Châtenet. It was Farmer's first single cover on which she did not appear (the second was later "L'Histoire d'une fée, c'est...").

Another remix, named 'UK remix', has been made about a year later by Richard Dekkard, and released on the "Rêver" CD maxi. As for the 'JXL remix', it was produced by the Dutch musician Junkie XL and features on the compilation *RemixeS*.

## Lyrics and music

"XXL" can be interpreted as a feminist song, in which Farmer expresses women's need of love, in the form of a prayer. For the first time, the message of her song is not universal, since it is exclusively for women. She evokes all kinds of women: bourgeois, homeless, romantic, pessimistic, feminists, anti-abortion, great ladies, prostitutes, transsexuals, celebrities, women who are suffering or not from the AIDS virus. The name of the song is a reference to the largest size of ready-to-wear clothes in the United-States. Unlike most of the songs lyrics written by Farmer, which tend to be cryptic and loaded with literary references, those of "XXL" are relatively straightforward and easy to understand.

The song has a rock sound with riffs by guitarist Jeff Dahlgren, "electric guitars are ultra-present, the rhythm is more aggressive". As its very outset, the track has a strong driving rhythm.

## Music video

Unlike Farmer's previous music videos, this one was not directed by Laurent Boutonnat, but by Marcus Nispel. This Requiem Publishing production cost about 80,000 euros (230,000 euros, according to journalist Benoît Cachin) and was shot in two days one for Farmer, one for the extras – in August 1995, in Fillmore, California, on the Fillmore and Western Railway. Based on an idea by Farmer, the video shows a 1910 locomotive being driven at high speed, which is frequently interpreted as a symbol of sexual intercourse.-This train was also used in the 1992 movie *Chaplin*, directed by Richard Attenborough

Producer Anouk Nora explained that some difficulties were met during the shooting: "The idea of putting the artist hanging in front of a moving train, it was unthinkable. Because in the United States, they are sticklers on security issues." Thus, it was necessary to sign release forms in order to allow the filming. Moreover, Farmer burned herself twice during the shooting. For the shooting, the singer remained hung on this locomotive for nearly five hours under a 40 °C temperature and was scared because it ran sometimes very quickly. She wore a dress made by French fashion designer Thierry Mugler. No tricks were used, and according to author Erwan Chuberre, "the staging is firmly photographic", but there is "no screenplay". In the video, Farmer appears much more "glamorous and sophisticated woman" than before and "proudly proclaims her femininity".

The video premiered on 18 September 1995 on M6. Shot in black and white, it features Farmer hung on at the front of a moving locomotive, filmed in an orange grove. These images alternate with those of the train passengers who are very different from each other (social origin, race, age, marital status...). The action probably takes place in the United States in the mid-twentieth century, as evidenced by the sets and costumes.

## Live performances and cover versions

The song was never performed on television, but was performed on the 1996, 2006, 2009, 2013 and 2023 concerts.

The song was the last one performed during the 1996 tour, and is also the last on the *Live à Bercy* album from that tour. It began with the sound of a train, then the scene was fumigated. Farmer, raised on a hoist, wore an indented black outfit, and her dancers wore pants and a golden tank top. The song was scheduled for the 2000 Mylenium Tour, but finally rejected. During the 2006 series of concerts, the hall was fully blue when "XXL" was performed. The singer asked the audience to clap their hands, and at the end of the song, the refrain was repeated by Farmer and the audience. The song was performed again on the 2009 tour; Farmer wore a glittering short dress with red cape with hood; at one point, she caresses her guitarists from the torso to the crotch. For the 2013 Timeless Tour, "XXL" was performed as the 17th song of the setlist. This version had a melancholic intro with samples of "A-t-on jamais" from her album Monkey Me, then, after the first verse, the song turned into its original arrangement while rotating lights lit up the crowd and the stage. Mylène wore a black suit with a white shirt, and black tie and black high-heeled shoes. During this tour, Mylène asked the crowd to sing the chorus only on a few dates.

The song was parodied in 1996 by Le Festival Roblès under the title "L'Amour en 4L", and was covered by Rejane in 1998. In 2009, Belgian singer Jonatan Cerrada made a comeback in his singing career with an acoustic cover version of "XXL". In 2010, Les Enfoirés recorded a cover of the song for their album *La Crise de nerfs!*; the singers on this version are Amel Bent, Grégoire Boissenot, Hélène Segara, Lorie, Renan Luce and Lââm for the verses.

## Chart performances

On 23 September 1995, the single entered directly at number one on French Top 50 singles chart, making it her third top charting single. However, the single dropped quickly over the next weeks. It remained for five weeks in the top 10 and was listed for a total of twelve weeks in the Top 50. It was the 42nd best-selling single of the year 1995 in France. In December 2017, the single was re-edited and re-entered the chart at number 27, staying three weeks in the top 200.

In Belgium (Wallonia), the single ranked on the Ultratop 50 chart for 14 weeks, from 7 October 1995 to 6 January 1996. It went straight into the top ten and reached a peak of number three for two non-consecutive weeks. It totaled seven weeks in the top ten and was the 36th best-selling single of 1995.

"XXL" stayed on Swiss Singles Chart for ten weeks, from 15 October to 17 December 1995, including a peaked at number 11 on 5 November, then dropped. This peak position remains for Farmer her highest placement in Switzerland.

## Formats and track listings

These are the formats and track listings of single releases of "XXL":

* **CD single – Black CD with white writing / CD single – Gilt CD / CD single – Japan – Long box**

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "XXL" (single version) | 4:23 |
| 2. | "XXL" (no voice remix edit) | 4:20 |

* **CD maxi – Crystal case / CD maxi – Digipack**

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "XXL" (single version) | 4:23 |
| 2. | "XXL" (distorded dance mix) | 5:20 |
| 3. | "XXL" (extra large remix) | 5:02 |
| 4. | "XXL" (new remix edit) | 4:25 |

* **CD maxi – Germany**

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "XXL" (single version) | 4:27 |
| 2. | "XXL" (extra large remix) | 5:06 |
| 3. | "XXL" (new remix edit) | 4:43 |
| 4. | "XXL" (distorded dance mix) | 5:19 |
| 5. | "XXL" (single dance mix) | 4:23 |

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "XXL" (extra large remix) | 5:02 |
| 2. | "XXL" (distorded dance mix) | 5:20 |

## Official versions

| Version | Length | Album | Remixed by | Year | Comment |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Album version | 4:45 | *Anamorphosée*,
*Les Mots* |  | 1995 | See the previous sections |
| Single version | 4:23 |  | Laurent Boutonnat | 1995 |  |
| No voice remix edit | 4:20 |  | Laurent Boutonnat, Bertrand Châtenet | 1995 | It is an instrumental version with a remixed music, more techno and dance, and in which Farmer sings only "XXL". |
| Extra large remix | 5:02 |  | Laurent Boutonnat, Bertrand Châtenet | 1995 | There are many voices at the beginning and several sighs. It is a rock and techno version devoted to the discothèques. Chorus are changed. |
| Distorded dance mix | 5:20 |  | Laurent Boutonnat, Bertrand Châtenet | 1995 | This version adds dance sonorities, with numerous sighs. |
| New remix edit | 4:25 |  | Laurent Boutonnat, Bertrand Châtenet | 1995 | This version adds dance sonorities, with numerous sighs. |
| Single dance mix | 4:25 |  | Laurent Boutonnat, Bertrand Châtenet | 1995 | This version is similar to the 'no voice remix edit'. |
| New remix edit (Germany) | 4:43 |  | Laurent Boutonnat, Bertrand Châtenet | 1995 | This is the same version than the 'New Remix Edit', but longer. |
| German radio edit | 3:54 |  | Laurent Boutonnat, Bertrand Châtenet | 1995 | The introduction is shortened and electric guitar arrangement begins very promptly. |
| Music video | 4:22 | *Music Videos II*, *Music Videos II & III* |  | 1995 |  |
| UK remix | 9:00 |  | Richard Dekkard | 1996 | This is a techno version. |
| Live version
(recorded in 1996) | 7:25 | *Live à Bercy* |  | 1996 | The song begins with the sound of a locomotive and its rolling, then is followed by the introduction with more rock sounds than on the album. (see 1996 Tour) |
| JXL remix | 6:06 | *RemixeS* | Junkie XL | 2003 | This is a disco version, with a 1:15 musical introduction. |
| Live version
(recorded in 2006) | 5:28 | *Avant que l'ombre...* |  | 2006 | See Avant que l'ombre... à Bercy (tour) |
| Live version
(recorded in 2009) | 4:30 | *N°5 on Tour* |  | 2009 | This version is similar to the one at the Avant que l'ombre... à Bercy concert series. (see Mylène Farmer en tournée) |

## Credits and personnel

These are the credits and the personnel as they appear on the back of the single:

* Mylène Farmer – lyrics
* Laurent Boutonnat – music, mixing
* Bertrand Châtenet – mixing
* Requiem Publishing – editions
* Com'N.B – design

## Charts

## Release history

| Region(s) | Date | Format |
| --- | --- | --- |
| France, Belgium, Switzerland | 19 September 1995 | CD single, CD maxi, 12" maxi |
| Japan | | CD single |
| Germany | October 1995 | CD maxi |

## Bibliography

* Bee, Caroline; Bioy, Antoine; Thiry, Benjamin (January 2006). *Mylène Farmer, la part d'ombre* (in French). L'Archipel. ISBN 2-84187-790-6.
* Cachin, Benoît (2006). *Le Dictionnaire des Chansons de Mylène Farmer* (in French). Tournon. ISBN 2-35144-000-5.
* Chuberre, Erwan (2007). *L'Intégrale Mylène Farmer* (in French). City. ISBN 978-2-35288-108-7.
* Chuberre, Erwan (2008). *Mylène Farmer, phénoménale* (in French). City. ISBN 978-2-35288-176-6.
* Chuberre, Erwan (18 June 2009). *Mylène Farmer : Des mots sur nos désirs* (in French). Alphée. ISBN 978-2-7538-0477-7.
* Khairallah, Sophie (2007). *Mylène Farmer, le culte - L'envers du décor* (in French). Why Not. ISBN 978-2-916611-25-9.
* Rajon, Florence (2005). *Mylène Farmer de A à Z* (in French). MusicBook. ISBN 2-84343-319-3.
* Royer, Hugues (2008). *Mylène, biographie* (in French). Spain: Flammarion. ISBN 978-2-35287-139-2.
* Violet, Bernard (2004). *Mylène Farmer, biographie* (in French). J'ai lu. ISBN 2-290-34916-X.

## InfoBox

| "XXL" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Mylène Farmer | |
| from the album  *Anamorphosée* | |
| B-side | "Remix" |
| Released | 19 September 1995 |
| Genre | Variété |
| Length | 4:25 (single version) |
| Label | Polydor |
| Composer(s) | Laurent Boutonnat |
| Lyricist(s) | Mylène Farmer |
| Producer(s) | Laurent Boutonnat |
| Mylène Farmer singles chronology | |
| "Que mon cœur lâche"
(1993) "**XXL**"
(1995) "L'Instant X"
(1995) | |


title: USS LST-40

abstract: USS LST-40 was a United States Navy LST-1-class tank landing ship used exclusively in the Asiatic-Pacific Theater during World War II. Like many of her class, she was not named and is properly referred to by her hull designation.

text:
# USS LST-40

**USS *LST-40*** was a United States Navy *LST-1*-class tank landing ship used exclusively in the Asiatic-Pacific Theater during World War II. Like many of her class, she was not named and is properly referred to by her hull designation.

## Construction

*LST-40* was laid down on 3 June 1943, at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania by the Dravo Corporation; launched on 7 August 1943; sponsored by Miss Hilda Sambolt; and commissioned on 15 September 1943.

## Service history

During World War II, *LST-40* was assigned to the Asiatic-Pacific theater.

Following the war, *LST-40* performed occupation duty in the Far East until mid-February 1946. She returned to the United States and was decommissioned on 18 February 1946. In February 1947, she was transferred to the United States Army Military Government in Korea, as a sale, and was struck from the Navy list on 5 March, that same year.

## Awards

*LST-40* earned four battle stars for World War II service.

## Bibliography

* "LST-40". *Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships*. Naval History and Heritage Command. Retrieved 14 November 2018. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
* "USS LST-40". NavSource Online. 10 March 2017. Retrieved 14 November 2018.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | *LST-40* |
| Builder | Dravo Corporation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania |
| Laid down | 3 June 1943 |
| Launched | 7 August 1943 |
| Commissioned | 15 September 1943 |
| Decommissioned | 18 February 1946 |
| Stricken | 5 March 1947 |
| Identification |  |
| Honors and
awards | 4 × battle stars |
| Status | Assigned to Commander Naval Forces Far East |
| Japan | |
| Name | *Q066* |
| Operator | Shipping Control Authority for Japan |
| Fate | Sold to the Korea, February 1947 |
| Status | Unknown |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | *LST-1*-class tank landing ship |
| Displacement | * 4,080 long tons (4,145 t) full load * 2,160 long tons (2,190 t) landing |
| Length | 328 ft (100 ) oa |
| Beam | 50 ft (15 m) |
| Draft | * Full load: 8 ft 2 in (2.49 m) forward; 14 ft 1 in (4.29 m) aft * Landing at 2,160 t: 3 ft 11 in (1.19 m) forward; 9 ft 10 in (3.00 m) aft |
| Installed power |  |
| Propulsion |  |
| Speed | 12 kn (22 km/h; 14 mph) |
| Range | 24,000 nmi (44,000 km; 28,000 mi) at 9 kn (17 km/h; 10 mph) while displacing 3,960 long tons (4,024 t) |
| Boats & landing
craft carried | 2 or 6 x LCVPs |
| Capacity | * 2,100 tons oceangoing maximum * 350 tons main deckload |
| Troops | 16 officers, 147 enlisted men |
| Complement | 13 officers, 104 enlisted men |
| Armament |  |
| Service record | |
| Part of: | **LST Flotilla 5** |
| Awards: |  |


title: María Magdalena (TV series)

abstract: María Magdalena is a Mexican biographical television series produced by Sony Pictures Television and Dopamine for TV Azteca. It is a biblical drama based on the life of Mary Magdalene, and it stars María Fernanda Yepes as the titular character. The series is written by Lina Uribe, Darío Vanegas, and Jaqueline Vargas, and has the executive production of Daniel Ucros, and Juan Pablo Posada. The start of production was confirmed on 30 January 2018, and 60 episodes were confirmed for the first season. It premiered first in Panama on TVN on 15 October 2018 and ended on 1 February 2019.

text:
# María Magdalena (TV series)

***María Magdalena*** is a Mexican biographical television series produced by Sony Pictures Television and Dopamine for TV Azteca. It is a biblical drama based on the life of Mary Magdalene, and it stars María Fernanda Yepes as the titular character. The series is written by Lina Uribe, Darío Vanegas, and Jaqueline Vargas, and has the executive production of Daniel Ucros, and Juan Pablo Posada.

The start of production was confirmed on 30 January 2018, and 60 episodes were confirmed for the first season. It premiered first in Panama on TVN on 15 October 2018 and ended on 1 February 2019.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| *María Magdalena* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Genre | Biographical |
| Created by | * Lina Uribe * Darío Vanegas * Jaqueline Vargas |
| Written by | * Lina Uribe * Darío Vanegas * Jaqueline Vargas * Marcela Rodríguez * Jacques Bonnavent |
| Directed by | * Felipe Cano * Rodrigo Lalinde |
| Starring |  |
| Theme music composer | * Juan Pablo Martínez * Martha Lucía Miranda |
| Opening theme | "Instrumental"
by Orquesta Sinfónica Javeriana |
| Country of origin | Colombia |
| Original language | Spanish |
| Production | |
| Executive producers | * Juan Pablo Posada * Angélica Guerra * Daniel Ucrós |
| Production locations |  |
| Original release | |
| Network | TVN |
| Release | 15 October 2018 (2018-10-15)
1 February 2019 (2019-02-01) |


title: William Christian Krumbein Medal

abstract: The William Christian Krumbein Medal is the highest award given alternate years by the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences (IAMG) to senior scientists for career achievement, which includes (a) distinction in application of mathematics or informatics in the earth sciences, (b) service to the IAMG, and (c) support to professions involved in the earth sciences. There is no stipulated preference for fields of application within the earth sciences. The William Christian Krumbein Medal, named after William Christian Krumbein, was established in 1976.

text:
# William Christian Krumbein Medal

The **William Christian Krumbein Medal** is the highest award given alternate years by the International Association for Mathematical Geosciences (IAMG) to senior scientists for career achievement, which includes (a) distinction in application of mathematics or informatics in the earth sciences, (b) service to the IAMG, and (c) support to professions involved in the earth sciences. There is no stipulated preference for fields of application within the earth sciences. The William Christian Krumbein Medal, named after William Christian Krumbein, was established in 1976.

## Recipients

Source: IAMG


title: Mario Puratić

abstract:
Mario Puratić was an Austro-Hungarian Empire-born American inventor who made major advances in fishing technology, such as the Puretic power block. Puratić was born in 1904 in the town of Sumartin on the island of Brač in a Croatian family of farmers and fishermen.
In 1938 he emigrated to the United States, worked at steel works and later in the harbour of Brooklyn.
Looking for the open sea after World War II he moved to California, to San Pedro, where many people from Brač had moved to. He hired there on tuna fisher boats and trawlers. A good catch of fish, meant that many men were necessary to pull the net on board. Within a few months, during 1953 in San Pedro he invented the Puretic power block. A job which once needed 8 to 10 people could now equally quickly be done with only 5 or 6 people, but still no one was interested in the product. In 1955 the company Marco from Seattle, specialized in sea building and design, recognized the potential of his invention and its engineers produced a product for practical use called the Power Block. It has a form of evening pulley with aluminium skeleton and the central rotating element, often wrapped in hard rubber, which can work. Quality of the product was very quickly recognized and up until 1960, most fishing boats in the northern seine fleet had installed the power block. It made possible the renaissance of the moribund United States distant water tuna fleet, an event that put the United States into the forefront of the fishing world and has kept it there, helped by the adoption of synthetic fibers for netting. Due to his invention, Peru increased its fishing pelagic fish by 300 percent. The puretic power block revolutionized the fishing industry in such a way that FAO stated that no single invention has contributed more to the success of purse seine net hauling than extensive line of Power Blocks.
In 1972 Canada issued a five-dollar bill with a salmon seiner on the reverse. In 1975, Mario Puratić was proclaimed the inventor of the year in the United States and also one among America's most famous 100 inventors of the 20th century.

text:
# Mario Puratić

**Mario Puratić** (1904 - 1993) (usually spelled **Puretic**, and sometimes **Puretich**, in English) was an Austro-Hungarian Empire-born American inventor who made major advances in fishing technology, such as the Puretic power block.

Puratić was born in 1904 in the town of Sumartin on the island of Brač in a Croatian family of farmers and fishermen. In 1938 he emigrated to the United States, worked at steel works and later in the harbour of Brooklyn. Looking for the open sea after World War II he moved to California, to San Pedro, where many people from Brač had moved to. He hired there on tuna fisher boats and trawlers. A good catch of fish, meant that many men were necessary to pull the net on board.

Within a few months, during 1953 in San Pedro he invented the Puretic power block. A job which once needed 8 to 10 people could now equally quickly be done with only 5 or 6 people, but still no one was interested in the product.

In 1955 the company Marco from Seattle, specialized in sea building and design, recognized the potential of his invention and its engineers produced a product for practical use called the Power Block. It has a form of evening pulley with aluminium skeleton and the central rotating element, often wrapped in hard rubber, which can work. Quality of the product was very quickly recognized and up until 1960, most fishing boats in the northern seine fleet had installed the power block. It made possible the renaissance of the moribund United States distant water tuna fleet, an event that put the United States into the forefront of the fishing world and has kept it there, helped by the adoption of synthetic fibers for netting.

Due to his invention, Peru increased its fishing pelagic fish by 300 percent.

The puretic power block revolutionized the fishing industry in such a way that FAO stated that no single invention has contributed more to the success of purse seine net hauling than extensive line of Power Blocks. In 1972 Canada issued a five-dollar bill with a salmon seiner on the reverse. In 1975, Mario Puratić was proclaimed the inventor of the year in the United States and also one among America's most famous 100 inventors of the 20th century.

* Mario Puratić (Puretic) Tim4 (en: Team 4), drzavno2012.pgsri.hr Rijeka 2012, Prirodoslovna i grafička škola Rijeka (en: Real and Grafics School, Rijeka), retrieved 18 October 2016.


title: Marshall Wayne

abstract: Marshall Wayne was an American diver who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Marshall Wayne

**Marshall Wayne** (May 25, 1912 – June 16, 1999) was an American diver who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

## 1936 Summer Olympics

In the 1936 Berlin Olympics, he won the gold medal in the 10 meter platform competition as well as the silver medal in the 3 meter springboard event. He angered Adolf Hitler as his favorite diver, Hermann Stork was predicted to win. A heated discussion between the German dictator and Wayne ensued, and was recounted by several family members. In fact, the US Olympic diving teams (men’s and women’s), won 10 out of 12 possible medals in those games.

After the Olympics Marshall performed for *Billy Rose’s Aquacade* with the likes of Esther Williams, Johnny Weissmuller, Buster Crabbe, Eleanor Holm and others. He then enlisted in the Army Air Corp and became the Commanding Officer of the 7th Photo Reconnaissance Group out of Mt. Farm, England. In 1945, Col. Wayne aborted his de Havilland Mosquito plane and was injured in a flight accident and parachuted out of his plane, only to land in a tree while damaging his leg. He was taken in by an Italian family, and later smuggled out of Italy to England. After the war he appeared in ads for Camel cigarettes, Havoline motor oil, BVD underwear and others.

## Personal life

Born of parents in the Vaudeville troupe that toured the east coast of the US, Marshall began performing at a very young age. Taught by the acrobats of the Vaudeville acts long before he began to dive, Marshall took an interest to tumbling. When he was a teen at Miami High, he snuck in the Venetian pool in Coral Gables, and his diving career began.

By the time he was 18, he was diving and performing at the Biltmore Hotel on Miami Beach, entertaining for the socialites and visiting guests. He won a number of AAU diving awards including first place in the 1934 & 1936 AAU Championships. He attended two years of college at the University of Miami.

He was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fall in 1982, in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. He was also inducted into the University of Miami Sports Hall of Fame & Museum in 1993.

* Wertheim, Jon (May 25, 2015). "Dive Bombers: American Olympians defeated Axis Powers in peace & war - How Frank Kurtz and Marshall Wayne went from diving for the U.S. at the 1936 Olympics to flying reconnaissance missions during World War II". *Sports Illustrated*.

## InfoBox

Marshall Wayne
| Marshall Wayne and Dorothy Poynton | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Born | (1912-05-25)May 25, 1912
St. Louis, Missouri, United States |
| Died | June 16, 1999(1999-06-16) (aged 87)
Hendersonville, North Carolina, United States |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Diving |
| Medal record      Representing the  United States  Olympic Games  1936 Berlin  10 m platform  1936 Berlin  3 m springboard | |