title: Young Girl on a Chair

abstract: Young Girl on a Chair is a 1955 bronze sculpture by Giacomo Manzù, installed at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C. The work measures 45 by 23+3⁄8 by 43+3⁄4 inches and depicts a nude young girl with her arms rested in her lap.

text:
# Young Girl on a Chair

***Young Girl on a Chair*** is a 1955 bronze sculpture by Giacomo Manzù, installed at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden in Washington, D.C. The work measures 45 by 23+38 by 43+34 inches (1,140 mm × 590 mm × 1,110 mm) and depicts a nude young girl with her arms rested in her lap.

## InfoBox

| Young Girl on a Chair | |
| --- | --- |
| Artist | Giacomo Manzù |
| Completion date | 1955 |
| Movement | Bronze sculpture |
| Location | Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington, D.C., U.S. |


title: Yngvar Bryn

abstract: Yngvar Bryn was a Norwegian track and field athlete and pairs figure skater who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France, and in the 1920 Summer Olympics held in Antwerp, Belgium. At just aged 18 years old, Bryn won to silver medals at the 1899 Norwegian Athletic Championships in the 100 metres and 500 metre races, in 1901 and 1902 he became the Norwegian Champion in the 500 metres, he also became the 100 metres Norwegian record holder in 1902 when he recorded at time of 11.1 seconds. In 1900 he participated in the 200 metres competition and in the 400 metres competition. In both events he was eliminated in the first round. As a track and field athlete Bryn was representing IK Tjalve. Bryn was elected president of the Norwegian Athletics Association in 1908 when aged just 26 years old, a position he held for the next three years. As a pair skater, he competed with Alexia Bryn. They won silver medals at the 1920 Summer Olympics and at the 1923 World Figure Skating Championships, as well as the bronze at the 1912 Worlds. He is one of the oldest figure skating Olympic medalists. In 1932 Bryn took part in his third Olympics, this time as a judge in both figure skating and speed skating during the Olympic Winter Games in Lake Placid. He chaired the Norwegian Skating Association from 1926 to 1927. Bryn also studied philology at University of Oslo, and as well as all his sporting activities he was also a high school teacher up to his death in 1947 when aged 65 years old.

text:
# Yngvar Bryn

| Yngvar Bryn | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1881-12-17)17 December 1881
Kristiansand, Sweden–Norway |
| Died | 30 April 1947(1947-04-30) (aged 65)
Oslo, Norway |
| Figure skating career | |
| Country | Norway |
| Retired | 1923 |
| Medal record      Representing  Norway  Pairs Figure skating  Olympic Games  1920 Antwerp  Pairs  World Championships  1923 Oslo Pairs  1912 Manchester Pairs | |

**Yngvar Bryn** (17 December 1881 – 30 April 1947) was a Norwegian track and field athlete and pairs figure skater who competed in the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris, France, and in the 1920 Summer Olympics held in Antwerp, Belgium.

At just aged 18 years old, Bryn won to silver medals at the 1899 Norwegian Athletic Championships in the 100 metres and 500 metre races, in 1901 and 1902 he became the Norwegian Champion in the 500 metres, he also became the 100 metres Norwegian record holder in 1902 when he recorded at time of 11.1 seconds.

In 1900 he participated in the 200 metres competition and in the 400 metres competition. In both events he was eliminated in the first round. As a track and field athlete Bryn was representing IK Tjalve. Bryn was elected president of the Norwegian Athletics Association in 1908 when aged just 26 years old, a position he held for the next three years.

As a pair skater, he competed with Alexia Bryn. They won silver medals at the 1920 Summer Olympics and at the 1923 World Figure Skating Championships, as well as the bronze at the 1912 Worlds. He is one of the oldest figure skating Olympic medalists.

In 1932 Bryn took part in his third Olympics, this time as a judge in both figure skating and speed skating during the Olympic Winter Games in Lake Placid. He chaired the Norwegian Skating Association from 1926 to 1927.

Bryn also studied philology at University of Oslo, and as well as all his sporting activities he was also a high school teacher up to his death in 1947 when aged 65 years old.

## Results

Pairs with (Alexia Bryn)

| Event | 1908 | 1909 | 1910 | 1911 | 1912 | 1913 | 1914 | 1915 | 1916 | 1917 | 1918 | 1919 | 1920 | 1921 | 1922 | 1923 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Olympic Games |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2nd |  |  |  |
| World Championships |  |  |  | 5th | 3rd | 4th | 5th |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 5th | 2nd |
| Nordic Championships |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2nd | 1st |  |
| Norwegian Championships | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st |  |  |  |  |  | 1st | 1st | 1st | 1st |  |

## InfoBox

| Olympic medal record | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Figure skating | | |
| Representing  Norway | | |
|  | 1920 Antwerp | Pairs |


title: Yngvar Hagen

abstract: Yngvar Hagen was a Norwegian zoologist.

text:
# Yngvar Hagen

**Yngvar Hagen** (September 24, 1909  March 22, 1993) was a Norwegian zoologist.

## Biography

Hagen was born in Fredrikstad, Norway.

From 1937 to 1938 he participated in the Norwegian Scientific Expedition to Tristan da Cunha in the southern Atlantic Ocean. The material of this expedition was used in his doctoral dissertation *Birds of Tristan da Cunha* (1952).

Hagen worked both at the University of Oslo and at the Royal Norwegian Society of Science and Letters, the Museum (DKNVS, Museet), was the chairman of the Norwegian Zoological Society (*Norsk Zoologisk Forening*) from 1955 to 1958, and was a manager at the Norwegian National Wildlife Survey (*Statens Viltundersøkelser*), conducting wildlife surveys, from 1955 to 1977.

In Norway, he is best known for *Rovfuglene og viltpleien* (Birds of Prey and Game Management, 1952), which generated discussion about the place of raptors in nature.


title: Yngvar Håkonsen

abstract: Yngvar Håkonsen is a Norwegian footballer playing for Fløy. Håkonsen has previously played for Tromsø, Lyn, Start and Kongsvinger in Tippeligaen. He has also played for the Belgian club Gent.

text:
# Yngvar Håkonsen

**Yngvar Håkonsen** (born 29 January 1978) is a Norwegian footballer playing for Fløy.

Håkonsen has previously played for Tromsø, Lyn, Start and Kongsvinger in Tippeligaen. He has also played for the Belgian club Gent.

## InfoBox

Yngvar Håkonsen
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1978-01-29) 29 January 1978 | | |
| Place of birth | Kristiansand, Norway | | |
| Height | 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Defender | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Fløy | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Vigør | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1996–1998 | Start | 26 | (0) |
| 1999–2004 | Lyn | 97 | (4) |
| 2005–2006 | Gent | 19 | (0) |
| 2006–2009 | Tromsø | 29 | (3) |
| 2009–2010 | Kongsvinger | 37 | (0) |
| 2011– | Fløy | 0 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 29 January 2010 | | | |


title: Yngvar Heikel

abstract: Yngvar Sigurd Heikel was a Finland-Swedish ethnologist.

text:
# Yngvar Heikel

**Yngvar Sigurd Heikel** (19 April 1889 – 1 September 1956) was a Finland-Swedish ethnologist.

## Life and work

Heikel was born in Helsinki, Finland, in 1889 to gymnastics teacher Viktor Heikel. Among his family are aunt and uncle, Anna – an educator – and Felix Heikel – a banker – and grandfather Henrik Heikel, a priest.

He graduated with a degree in philosophy in 1915 and was a statistician at the Bank of Finland from 1921 to 1924 and from 1935. However, he is best known for his research on folk culture in Swedish-speaking Finland, especially on folk dances and folk costumes. Heikel sampled and categorized each village's form of folk costume. His work was also the main initiator of the founding of the Brage Costume Museum. He also charted the connection between living conditions and disease in different areas.

He was secretary of the Brage Association, founded by musicologist Otto Andersson, from 1916 and director of its costume bureau and village costume museum from 1923. He participated in the founding of the Finland Swedish Folk Dance Association and was its president from 1946 to 1955. He contributed to the collection *Finlands svenska folkdiktning* (volume VI:B "Dansbeskrivningar", 1938) and his work *På forskningsresor i svenskbygden* was published in 1986 with an introduction and commentary by Bo Lönnqvist.

Heikel died in Helsinki in 1956.

## Bibliography

* *36 folkdanser utgivna av Brages sektion för folkdans* (in Swedish). with Roos, Thure; Rancken, Holger. Helsinki. 1915. OCLC 58252227.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
* *Sjuk-, ålderdoms- och invaliditetsförsäkringen i utlandet* (in Swedish). Helsinki: Socialförsäkringskommittén. 1920. OCLC 58265478.
* *Allmogens dräktskick i Lappfjärd och Tjöck socknar*. Brages årsskrift 1920-23 (in Swedish). Helsinki. 1925.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
* *Kyrkornas fattiggubbar i det svenska Österbotten* (in Swedish). Helsinki: Svenska Litteratursällskapets folkloristiska och etnografiska studier IV. 1929. OCLC 943155435.
* *30 folkdanser* (in Swedish). Föreningen Brage. Helsinki: Brage. 1931. OCLC 1001603844.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: others (link)
* *Textilredskap i Korsnäs* (in Swedish). Budkavlen. 1934. OCLC 943151744.
* *Dräktskicket i Korsnäs* (in Swedish). Helsinki: Svenska litteratursällskapets folkloristiska och Etnografiska studier. 1934. OCLC 474421906.
* *Dansbeskrivningar*. Finlands svenska Folkdiktning (in Swedish). Helsinki: Svenska litteratursällskapet i Finland. 1938. OCLC 4667978.
* *Industrins utveckling i Finland åren 1937-1944: en undersökning på basen av företagens bokslutsiffror* (in Swedish). Helsinki: Akademiska Bokhandeln. 1947. OCLC 484001874.
* *Östra Nyland: Pyttis, Strömfors, Lappträsk, Pernå, Liljendal, Mörskom, Borgå och Sibbo*. Svensk-Finlands bygdedräkter (in Swedish). Vol. 1. Brages förlag. 1952. OCLC 602293990.
* *Mellersta Nyland och delar av Västra Nyland: Tusby, Helsinge, Esbo, Kyrkslätt, Sjundeå, Ingå, Degerby och Lojo*. Svensk-Finlands bygdedräkter (in Swedish). Vol. 2. Helsinki: Brages förlag. 1955. OCLC 602294584.
* *Österbotten 1, Sydligaste Österbotten : Sideby, Lappfjärd, Tjöck, Närpes och Övermark*. Svensk-Finlands bygdedräkter (in Swedish). Vol. 8. Helsinki: Brages förlag. 1956. OCLC 602294612.
* *Brage 50 år* (in Swedish). Helsinki: Brages förlag. 1956. OCLC 58114719.
* *Västra delen av västra Nyland: Snappertuna, Karis-Svartå, Pojo, Ekenäs, Tenala och Bromarv*. Svensk-Finlands bygdedräkter (in Swedish). Vol. 3. Helsinki: Brages förlag. 1957. OCLC 185541634.
* *Åboland: Kimito, Finby, Västanfjärd, Dragsfjärd, Hitis (Kyrkosundsskär), Pargas, Nagu, Korpo, Houtskär, Iniö*. Svensk-Finlands bygdedräkter (in Swedish). Vol. 4–5. Helsinki: Brages förlag. 1961. OCLC 185541666.
* *Åland: Finström, Jomala, Geta, Saltvik, Sund, Lemland, Lumparland, Vårdö, Hammarland, Eckerö, Föglö, Sottunga, Kökar, Kumlinge, Brändö*. Svensk-Finlands bygdedräkter (in Swedish). Vol. 6–7. Helsinki: Brages förlag. 1966. OCLC 185541623.
* *Norra delen av svenska Österbotten: Karleby, Öja, Nedervetil, Terjärv, Kronoby*. Svensk-Finlands bygdedräkter (in Swedish). Vol. 12. Helsinki: Brages förlag. 1978. ISBN 9789519224015.
* *Pedersöre-Nykarleby-trakten: Larsmo, Pedersöre, Esse, Purmo, Nykarleby, Socklot, Jeppo och Munsala*. Svensk-Finlands bygdedräkter (in Swedish). Vol. 11. Helsinki: Brages förlag. 1986. ISBN 9789519224084.
* *På forskningsresor i svenskbygden* (in Swedish). Helsinki: Brages förlag. 1986. ISBN 9789519224077.

Media related to Yngvar Heikel at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Yngvar Heikel | |
| --- | --- |
| Yngvar Heikel in 1916.
*Credit: Atelier Universal* | |
| Born | (1889-04-19)19 April 1889
Helsinki, Grand Duchy of Finland, Russian Empire |
| Died | 1 September 1956(1956-09-01) (aged 67)
Helsinki, Finland |
| Occupation | Ethnologist |
| Father | Viktor Heikel |


title: Ysgol Treffynnon

abstract: Ysgol Treffynnon is an 11–16 mixed, English-medium, community secondary school in Holywell, Flintshire, Wales. Previously it was Holywell Grammar School. There were 2 buildings which made up the school; Lower and Upper. The Lower building catered for 11-13 year olds and the Upper building for 14-18 year olds and included the Sixth Form. The upper building was demolished in the mid-1990s to make way for a new housing development and the Lower building was remodelled to accommodate the whole school into one building.

text:
# Ysgol Treffynnon

**Ysgol Treffynnon** (formerly **Holywell High School**) is an 11–16 mixed, English-medium, community secondary school in Holywell, Flintshire, Wales. Previously it was Holywell Grammar School.

There were 2 buildings which made up the school; Lower and Upper. The Lower building catered for 11-13 year olds and the Upper building for 14-18 year olds and included the Sixth Form. The upper building was demolished in the mid-1990s to make way for a new housing development and the Lower building was remodelled to accommodate the whole school into one building.

## Future

A proposed replacement high school was approved May, 2014. The new 600 place school was built on the upper grounds close to the existing building and was formally opened in September 2016. The old school building was demolished in November 2016.

## InfoBox

| Ysgol Treffynnon | |
| --- | --- |
| Address | |
|  | |
| Pen-y-Maes Road
Holywell, Flintshire, CH8 7EN
Wales | |
| Coordinates | 53°16′38″N 3°13′03″W / 53.27732°N 3.21753°W / 53.27732; -3.21753 |
| Information | |
| Former names | Holywell High School / Holywell Grammar School |
| Type | Community secondary school |
| Motto | Inspire, Challenge, Succeed |
| Local authority | Flintshire County Council |
| Department for Education URN | 401702 Tables |
| Head teacher | John Weir |
| Teaching staff | 27.9 (on an FTE basis) |
| Gender | Mixed |
| Age range | 11–16 |
| Enrolment | 441 (2018) |
| Student to teacher ratio | 15.8 |
| Language | English |
| Website | www.ysgoltreffynnon.cymru |


title: Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern

abstract: Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern is a co-educational secondary school in Bodedern, Anglesey, Wales first opened in 1977. It is a bilingual establishment run by Anglesey County Council.

text:
# Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern

**Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern** is a co-educational secondary school in Bodedern, Anglesey, Wales first opened in 1977. It is a bilingual establishment run by Anglesey County Council.

## History

Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern opened on 6 September 1977 and the headteacher was Carol Hughes. It replaced the old National School in London Road which was then demolished in 1984. The school's symbol, designed by artist Tegwyn Francis Jones, is a thumb pressing seeds into the earth (hence the motto 'hau i fedi' or 'sowing to harvest'). T Initially, it operated as a small primary school, but with the passage of time and growing population in the region, there arose a need for a secondary education facility.

In 1956, Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern was officially established as a secondary school, offering education to students from the surrounding areas. Initially, the school was modest in size, with a few classrooms and limited facilities. However, over the years, it expanded both in terms of infrastructure and academic offerings.

During the latter half of the 20th century, Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern underwent several developments, reflecting changes in educational policies and societal needs. The school adapted to new curricula and teaching methodologies while maintaining its commitment to providing quality education to the youth of Anglesey.

In the 21st century, the school continued to grow and modernize. Upgrades to facilities, such as new classrooms, science labs, and sports facilities, were made to provide students with the best possible learning environment. Additionally, advancements in technology were integrated into the curriculum to prepare students for the challenges of the digital age.

Throughout its history, Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern has been an integral part of the local community. It has not only served as an educational institution but also as a hub for cultural and social activities. The school has fostered a strong sense of identity and pride among its students, alumni, and staff.

In recent years, Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern has continued to excel academically, with its students achieving commendable results in national examinations. It has also embraced initiatives to promote Welsh language and culture, reflecting the school's commitment to its heritage and traditions.

Today, Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern stands as a symbol of educational excellence and community spirit in Anglesey. It continues to play a vital role in shaping the future of its students and contributing to the broader development of the region.

## The school in 2017

Pupils have the choice of studying a subject through the medium of English or Welsh. At GCSE, nearly all pupils must study at least two subjects in English and two in Welsh, in addition to English and Welsh as individual subjects.

There are around 1000 pupils at the school. The school facilities are available for public use during the evenings.

## Controversies

In 2019, Headmistress Catrin Jones Hughes faced a vote of no confidence following a scandal. 60% of staff were unhappy with her performance. In 2020, she resigned.

## Notable former pupils

## InfoBox

| Ysgol Uwchradd Bodedern | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
|  | |
| Bodedern, Anglesey
Wales | |
| Coordinates | 53°17′26″N 4°30′18″W / 53.2906°N 4.5049°W / 53.2906; -4.5049 |
| Information | |
| Type | Secondary School |
| Motto | *"Hau i Fedi"* |
| Opened | 1977 |
| Local authority | Isle of Anglesey County Council |
| Head teacher | Paul Matthew Jones |
| Gender | Mixed |
| Age | 11 to 18 |
| Enrolment | 774 (2023) |
| Colour(s) | Navy, Red. White shirts for the Sixth form.
 |
| Website | http://www.ysgoluwchraddbodedern.org/eng/ysgol.html |


title: Ysgol y Berwyn

abstract: Ysgol y Berwyn is a high-school situated in the town of Bala, in Gwynedd, north Wales. According to the 2013 Estyn report, 79% of pupils are from Welsh-speaking homes. In 2017, 80% of pupils achieved 5 or more GCSEs at grades A*-C. In September 2019, a new 3-19-year-old school opened on site under the name 'Ysgol Godre'r Berwyn'.

text:
# Ysgol y Berwyn

**Ysgol y Berwyn** is a high-school situated in the town of Bala, in Gwynedd, north Wales.

According to the 2013 Estyn report, 79% of pupils are from Welsh-speaking homes.

In 2017, 80% of pupils achieved 5 or more GCSEs at grades A\*-C.

In September 2019, a new 3-19-year-old school opened on site under the name 'Ysgol Godre'r Berwyn' ("School of the foothills of the Berwyn").

## History

The Rev. Edmund Meyricke founded a free grammar school at Bala, then in Merionethshire, in 1712. It was originally intended for poor boys. Some sources put the foundation date as 1713–4. Meyricke was Chancellor of St Davids Cathedral and diocese and therefore able to endow the new school with £15, and 5 acres (2 hectares) of land near the town, worth a rentcharge of £15 pa. Rev Thomas Charles (1755–1814), whose statue stands outside the school, was an advocate of foreign missionary work, proselytising the gospel with the British and Foreign Bible Society which he had founded. He lived at Bala, but on his death the property was bequeathed to the grammar school in his will.

Boys were admitted aged seven for about four years. The three R's were taught and reading down the church catechism of prayers. Boys usually went on to become apprentices and were presented with clothes at Christmastide. The Fellows of Jesus College, Oxford held the right to appoint the Master. They also donated money for the construction of a new house for accommodation.

In 1820, the Master, Rev Humphrey Lloyd, was also vicar of the parish. The present building was constructed in 1851 and modelled very much on Jesus College, its financial and academic patron. The school's former name was Ysgol Tytandomen ("house under the hillock").

The Hall was replaced in 1964, when wooden panelling was erected to commemorate the dead of the Great War. It was built in the mock Tudor Gothic style of slate quoins dressed with sandstone. The original building had two chimney stacks to service the open fire grates. The elevation was divided into three main parts: left, central and right. The school hall to the left flanked the central entrance hall, and a range of storeys to the right. A gabled bellcote arch opening over the entrance with a Latin inscription dated 1851. Mullioned windows in a decorative lozenge pattern included above light mullioned windows to bring in more light through the windows for the pupils to read right up to the eaves. There was ventilation in the roof. The hall range was flush and had two storeys and three bays. Gable ends lent themselves to additions.

In 1868 the school's endowment was £80. There were six scholarships available to Jesus College, Oxford. Other charities provided £30 pa. The left wing had 12 sash windows on the ground floor. On the north-east side there were coped walls. In 2001 the Victorian school building received Listing Status Grade 2 because it was a fine example of Tudor Gothic architecture of the mid-19th century, Neuadd-y-Cyfnod, as it is now known in Welsh, has a valuable forecourt, piers and railings preserved. The railings are vital to the impression because so many school railings have been removed. The school is now called Ysgol Y Berwyn; the modern school has a strong connection with Bangor University.

## Notable alumni

### Teachers

* John Gwyn Griffiths (1911-2004), Welsh poet, Egyptologist, Plaid Cymru activist, and conscientious objector, taught Latin at Bala.

## Further reading

* ‘Prize Day at Bala Grammar School’, The Cambrian News and Merionethshire Standard (www.newspaper.library.wales)
* P.J. Wallis, *A Sketch of the Grammar School at Bala, 1713-1893*
* Malcolm Seaborne, *Schools in Wales, 1200-1500: A Social and Architectural History*, Gee & Son, Denbigh, 1992.

52°54′46″N 3°35′54″W / 52.9128°N 3.5984°W / 52.9128; -3.5984


title: Youth of the Beast

abstract: Youth of the Beast is a 1963 Japanese yakuza film directed by Seijun Suzuki. Much of the film is set in Tokyo, Japan.

text:
# Youth of the Beast

***Youth of the Beast*** (野獣の青春, ****Yajū no seishun****) is a 1963 Japanese yakuza film directed by Seijun Suzuki. Much of the film is set in Tokyo, Japan.

## Synopsis

Joji Mizuno (Joe Shishido), a former Kobe Metropolitan Police Department detective fired after being convicted of embezzlement, is released from prison. During his incarceration, his partner, Detective Takeshita, died in an apparent lovers' suicide with a call girl. However, Mizuno believes that the adultery and the suicide were staged by Nomoto Enterprises, a yakuza group whose prostitution operations Takeshita was investigating. Posing as a gangster, Mizuno infiltrates the Nomoto organization in order to find out the truth. At Takeshita's memorial service, Mizuno promises his dead partner's wife, Kumiko (Misako Watanabe), that he will find her husband's killers.

Mizuno is partnered with a young soldier named Goro Minami (Eimei Esumi) and quickly earns the respect of both Minami and the eccentric head of the Nomoto group, Tetsuo Nomoto (Akiji Kobayashi), by re-securing protection payments from a business that had switched allegiances to the Sanko Family, Nomoto's sworn rivals. Sanko's second-in-command Shigeru Takechi (Eiji Gō), tries to kidnap Mizuno in retaliation, but Mizuno manages to turn the tables and takes Takechi hostage instead, forcing him to take him to his boss. Mizuno meets with Sanko Family head Shinzuke Onodera (Kinzo Shin) and surprises him by offering to spy on Nomoto for money.

Mizuno is approached by Keiko (Naomi Hoshi), one of Nomoto's mistresses who recognizes him as a cop from her days as a prostitute. She blackmails him into helping her identify and kill Nomoto's mysterious "sixth mistress", the one who secretly runs the prostitution racket, so she can take her place. Aside from Nomoto himself, the only one who knows the sixth mistress's identity is Nomoto's gay brother Hideo (Tamio Kawachi), who is infamous for going berserk and attacking anyone who impugns the reputation of their prostitute mother. Mizuno goes to the love hotel Hideo uses as his base of operations and tries to gather information by posing as a client, only to get into a fight with him after realizing that Hideo was involved in framing Takeshita. Ishizaki (Shiro Yanase), one of Nomoto's enforcers, breaks up the fight, and Mizuno is brought before Nomoto and interrogated about his reasons for prying into the prostitution ring. Under duress, Mizuno reveals that Keiko put him up to it and, luckily for him, Nomoto kills her before she can reveal Mizuno's identity.

Mizuno learns of a planned multimillion-yen drug deal between Nomoto Enterprises and an out of town group, the Ishiyama Family, so he brings the information to Onodera, laying out a plan for the Sanko men to steal the money from the Ishiyamas after the deal and make it look like Nomoto Enterprises are responsible. Takechi and his men rob the Ishiyama agents successfully, and just as Mizuno planned, Nomoto is blamed. However, one of Ishiyama's men recognizes Mizuno and makes him as a police officer. Mizuno is captured by Nomoto's men and tortured, but he manages to conceal his double-cross by telling them that he used to be a cop until he was caught and convicted for corruption.

Mizuno convinces Nomoto that the Sanko Family committed the robbery in retaliation for losing the protection racket Mizuno stole back from them. Nomoto sends Mizuno, Minami and Ishizaki to capture and question Takechi. The trio break into Takechi's apartment and hold his wife (Yuriko Abe) hostage while they wait for Takechi to come home. When Mizuno sees Takechi coming from the apartment's balcony, he tosses him a note warning of the ambush, but rather than heed his advice, Takechi bursts into his apartment with a gun drawn. A shootout ensues, during which Takechi, his wife, and Ishizaki are killed and Minami is gravely wounded.

With the police in pursuit, Mizuno and the weakened Minami flee to the nearby home of Takeshita's widow, who hides them. Mizuno calls Nomoto and lies that Takechi knew they were coming, meaning the Sanko Family may be planning an attack, then immediately calls Onodera and tells him of Takechi's death, setting the two gangs up to attack each other.

When Kumiko asks him what is happening, Mizuno explains his work as a double agent and his plan to provoke the Sanko and Nomoto clans into destroying each other to avenge her husband's murder. Nomoto sends his men to retrieve Mizuno and Minami, leaving Hideo behind to hold Kumiko hostage so she will not contact the police. When Mizuno returns to Nomoto headquarters, Nomoto reveals that he has learned of Mizuno's double-cross and has him chained to the ceiling to be tortured. However, before Nomoto can kill him, Mizuno is saved when the Sanko Family arrives and attacks Nomoto's mansion, leading to a massive shootout. After he realizes his gang will lose the battle, Onodera drives his car through the mansion's wall and detonates a bomb in a final kamikaze strike.

The explosion takes out most of Nomoto's men and gives Mizuno a chance to escape. Nomoto attacks him, and after a struggle, Mizuno subdues him and forces him to confess the identity of Takeshita's murderer - Kumiko, Takeshita's wife. Kumiko is Nomoto's sixth mistress and head of the prostitution ring, who married Takeshita in order to keep an eye on the movements of the police from the inside. When Takeshita discovered the truth and was preparing to expose his wife and Nomoto's crimes, she staged the double suicide, killing both him and the call girl herself. Kumiko is also the one who revealed Mizuno's true intentions to Nomoto. Nomoto overpowers the shocked Mizuno and prepares to kill him, but Minami shoots him first and then dies from his own wounds.

Mizuno returns to the Takeshita house and finds Kumiko and Hideo having a friendly chat. When Kumiko leaves the room, Mizuno enters and beats Hideo, then holds Kumiko at gunpoint and forces her to confess to the murder. Kumiko admits to having killed Takeshita but claims Nomoto made her do it, despite Nomoto claiming the opposite. Mizuno tricks her into insulting the Nomoto brothers' mother within earshot of Hideo, and then leaves her behind to be killed by him. Afterwards, Mizuno sends audio recordings he made of Nomoto and Kumiko's confessions to his former police superiors before departing.

## Cast

* Joe Shishido as Joji "Jo" Mizuno
* Akiji Kobayashi as Patriarch Tetsuo Nomoto
* Eimei Esumi as Goro Minami
* Misako Watanabe as Kumiko Takeshita
* Tamio Kawachi as Hideo Nomoto
* Kinzō Shin as Patriarch Shinzuke Onodera
* Eiji Gō as Captain Shigeru Takechi
* Shiro Yanase as Lieutenant Ken Ishizaki
* Nobuo Kaneko as Soichi Ozawa
* Seijun Suzuki as Detective Hirokawa
* Masao Shimizu as Patriarch Yosuke Ishiyama
* Naomi Hoshi as Keiko
* Yuzo Kiura as Minegishi Takeo
* Hiroshi Kono as Honma
* Yuriko Abe as Takechi's Wife

## Release

*Youth of the Beast* was released in Japan on April 21, 1963. It received an American release in the United States by Nikkatsu in 1993.

*Youth of the Beast* was released on DVD by the Criterion Collection on January 11, 2005. Eureka Entertainment released the film in on both Blu-ray and DVD release in 2014 as part of the Masters of Cinema range.

## Reception

In contemporary reviews in Japan, the film was generally ignored. The film was not placed in the year's top 40 films by *Kinema Junpo* and managed to place at 21st place in *Eiga Hyron'*s through a single ballot vote.

From retrospective reviews, Michael Brooke of *Sight & Sound* described the film as the first of Suzuki's Nikkatsu films to feature "what became recognised (albeit far from immediately) as his characteristic approach", which Brooke described as "wildly over-composed and colour-coordinated (even the smoke billowing out of a wrecked car is a fetching reddish-brown)" stating that its "style and substance virtually indivisible and equally exhilarating." Brooke found that "Suzuki doesn't so much undermine conventional gangster flick cliches as turn them up to 11, creating a powerfully satiric effects in the process"

## Remake

John Woo announced in 2012 that he would direct a remake of *Youth of the Beast* titled *Day of the Beast*. The film is set to be produced by Woo and Terence Chang's Lion Rock Productions along with Nikkatsu. The film is set in Tokyo where a Westerner becomes entered into a gang war between the yakuza and Cold War Russian mafia. The film will be written by Rob Frisbee. Following the box-office disappointment of *The Crossing*, Woo and producer Terence Chang disbanded Lion Rock Productions.

## Footnotes

### References

* Galbraith IV, Stuart (1996). *The Japanese Filmography: 1900 through 1994*. McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-0032-3.

## InfoBox

| Youth of the Beast | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Seijun Suzuki |
| Screenplay by | * Ichiro Ikeda * Tadaaki Yamazaki |
| Based on | *Manhunt* (人狩り)
by Haruhiko Ôyabu |
| Produced by | Keinosuke Kubo |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Kazue Nagatsuka |
| Music by | Hajime Okumura |
| Production
company | Nikkatsu |
| Release date | * 21 April 1963 (1963-04-21) (Japan) |
| Running time | 92 minutes |
| Country | Japan |
| Language | Japanese |


title: Youth of the Centre-Democrats

abstract:
CentrumDemokraternes Ungdom, is a former Danish political organization. It was founded in 1982 and was the youth wing of the Centrum-Demokraterne. Chairpeople were:
  - 1982–1984 Stig Nielsen
  - 1984–1986 Lars-Peter Pedersen
  - 1986–1988 Leif Hein Jørgensen
  - 1988–1992 Jesper Brønnum
  - 1992–1993 Sune Borgen Uldall
  - 1993–1994 Steen Lund Olsen
  - 1994–1996 Hans Olav Nymand
  - 1996–1997 Carlos Villaro Lassen
  - 1997–1999 Jacob de Tusch-Lec
  - 1999–2001 Regitze Rugholm
  - 2001–2003 Troels Krarup Frandsen
  - 2003–2004 Lars Richard Rasmussen
  - 2004–2006 Anne Sigrid Piil Svane

text:
# Youth of the Centre-Democrats

**CentrumDemokraternes Ungdom** (Youth of the Centre Democrats), is a former Danish political organization. It was founded in 1982 and was the youth wing of the *Centrum-Demokraterne* (Centre Democrats).

Chairpeople were:

* 1982–1984 Stig Nielsen
* 1984–1986 Lars-Peter Pedersen
* 1986–1988 Leif Hein Jørgensen
* 1988–1992 Jesper Brønnum
* 1992–1993 Sune Borgen Uldall
* 1993–1994 Steen Lund Olsen
* 1994–1996 Hans Olav Nymand
* 1996–1997 Carlos Villaro Lassen
* 1997–1999 Jacob de Tusch-Lec
* 1999–2001 Regitze Rugholm
* 2001–2003 Troels Krarup Frandsen
* 2003–2004 Lars Richard Rasmussen
* 2004–2006 Anne Sigrid Piil Svane


title: You Don't Know the Half of It

abstract: You Don't Know the Half of It is the debut album by British band Vagabond. It was released on 17 August 2009, two weeks after their second single "Don't Wanna Run No More". The first single, "Sweat", was released on 8 June 2009.

text:
# You Don't Know the Half of It

***You Don't Know the Half of It*** is the debut album by British band Vagabond. It was released on 17 August 2009, two weeks after their second single "Don't Wanna Run No More". The first single, "Sweat (Until the Morning)", was released on 8 June 2009.

## Track listing

1. "Don't Wanna Run No More"
2. "I Know a Girl"
3. "Ladelle"
4. "I've Been Wanting You"
5. "I Said Hello"
6. "Sweat (Until the Morning)"
7. "Smile of Mona Lisa"
8. "Drifting"
9. "Clouded Circus"
10. "I Hope You Know Better"
11. "You Talk to Me"

## Chart performance

The album debuted on the UK Albums Chart at number 27.

| Chart (2009) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| UK Albums Chart | 27 |
|

## InfoBox

| You Don't Know the Half of It | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Vagabond | |
| Released | 17 August 2009 |
| Recorded | 2008 |
| Genre | Pop, rock |
| Label | Geffen, Polydor |
| Producer | Xenomania |
|  | |
| Singles from  *You Don't Know the Half of It* | |
| 1. "Sweat (Until the Morning)"
Released: 8 June 2009 2. "Don't Wanna Run No More"
Released: 3 August 2009 3. "I've Been Wanting You"
Released: 26 October 2009 | |
|  | |


title: Plant Commission

abstract:
The Plant Commission was a commission in the United Kingdom that examined electoral reform started by the Labour Party while in opposition. The Commission was headed by Professor Raymond Plant
and recommended a move to proportional representation as a method of electing British Members of Parliament. Plans for electoral reform were shelved by the incoming Labour government in 1997 when the party won a 179-seat majority under first past the post. The Plant Commission recommended the supplementary vote system, which it suggested hadn't been used before. While this has not been adopted in the UK, the Commission's secondary recommendation that European Parliament constituencies be elected by a party list system was adopted for the 1999 elections. Its further recommendation that the House of Lords be replaced by an elected second chamber has not been adopted, although the Lords was reformed in 1999 with the near-abolition of hereditary peerage.

text:
# Plant Commission

The **Plant Commission** was a commission in the United Kingdom that examined electoral reform started by the Labour Party while in opposition. The Commission was headed by Professor Raymond Plant and recommended a move to proportional representation as a method of electing British Members of Parliament. Plans for electoral reform were shelved by the incoming Labour government in 1997 when the party won a 179-seat majority under first past the post.

The Plant Commission recommended the supplementary vote system, which it suggested hadn't been used before (though a similar system was used in Australia in the late nineteenth century). While this has not been adopted in the UK (the option of the alternative vote was later rejected in a 2011 referendum), the Commission's secondary recommendation that European Parliament constituencies be elected by a party list system was adopted for the 1999 elections. Its further recommendation that the House of Lords be replaced by an elected second chamber has not been adopted, although the Lords was reformed in 1999 with the near-abolition of hereditary peerage.

1. "Key Issues in the 1992 Campaign". BBC News. 1997.
2. "Plant commission moves towards PR: Labour working party wants 'first past post' system for electing MPs scrapped". The Independent. 1 April 1993.


title: William Thomas Miller

abstract: William Thomas Miller was a Northern Irish Unionist politician.

text:
# William Thomas Miller

**William Thomas Miller** (1865 – 6 October 1930) was a Northern Irish Unionist politician.

## Biography

A farmer, he was born in Newtownstewart in 1865. He was educated at the Model School, Newtownstewart; and the Intermediate School, Newtownstewart; and the Methodist College Belfast. He was a member of Strabane Rural District Council and of Tyrone County Council.

He unsuccessfully contested the North West Tyrone constituency in the 1918 United Kingdom general election, losing to Sinn Féin's Arthur Griffith. In 1921, he was elected to House of Commons of Northern Ireland for the constituency of Fermanagh and Tyrone, and was re-elected in 1925. In 1929, he was elected for the constituency of North Tyrone. He died in 1930 and at the subsequent by-election James Gamble was elected unopposed.

## InfoBox

| William Thomas Miller | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of Parliament for Fermanagh and Tyrone | |
| **In office**
1921–1929 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1865 (1865)
Newtownstewart, England |
| Died | 30 October 1930 (aged 6465) |
| Political party | Unionist |
| Education | Methodist College Belfast |
|  | |


abstract: The U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio is the federal trial court for the northern half of Ohio, encompassing most territories north of the city of Columbus. The court has courthouses in Cleveland, Toledo, Akron and Youngstown. Appeals from this court are heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit. The United States Attorney's Office of the Northern District of Ohio represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of June 9, 2023 the United States attorney, the district’s chief prosecutor, is Rebecca C. Lutzko.

text:
# United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio

The **U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Ohio** (in case citations, **N.D. Ohio**) is the federal trial court for the northern half of Ohio, encompassing most territories north of the city of Columbus. The court has courthouses in Cleveland, Toledo, Akron and Youngstown.

Appeals from this court are heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The United States Attorney's Office of the Northern District of Ohio represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of June 9, 2023 the **United States attorney**, the district’s chief prosecutor, is Rebecca C. Lutzko.

## History

The United States District Court for the District of Ohio was established on February 19, 1803, by 2 Stat. 201. The District was subdivided into Northern and Southern Districts on February 10, 1855, by 10 Stat. 604.

## Divisions

The Northern District comprises two divisions.

### Eastern Division

The Eastern Division comprises the counties of Ashland, Ashtabula, Carroll, Columbiana, Crawford, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Holmes, Lake, Lorain, Mahoning, Medina, Portage, Richland, Stark, Summit, Trumbull, Tuscarawas and Wayne.

Court for the Eastern Division can be held in Akron, Cleveland and Youngstown.

### Western Division

The Western Division comprises the counties of Allen, Auglaize, Defiance, Erie, Fulton, Hancock, Hardin, Henry, Huron, Lucas, Marion, Mercer, Ottawa, Paulding, Putnam, Sandusky, Seneca, Van Wert, Williams, Wood and Wyandot.

Court for the Western Division can be held in Toledo.

## Current judges

As of October 1, 2023:

| # | Title | Judge | Duty station | Born | Term of service | | | Appointed by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | | | Active | Chief | Senior | |
| 52 | Chief Judge | Sara Elizabeth Lioi | Akron | 1960 | 2007–present | 2023–present |  | G.W. Bush |
| 49 | District Judge | John R. Adams | Akron | 1955 | 2003–present |  |  | G.W. Bush |
| 53 | District Judge | Benita Y. Pearson | Youngstown | 1963 | 2010–present |  |  | Obama |
| 54 | District Judge | Jeffrey J. Helmick | Toledo | 1960 | 2012–present |  |  | Obama |
| 55 | District Judge | Pamela Barker | Cleveland | 1957 | 2019–present |  |  | Trump |
| 56 | District Judge | James R. Knepp II | Toledo | 1964 | 2020–present |  |  | Trump |
| 57 | District Judge | J. Philip Calabrese | Cleveland | 1971 | 2020–present |  |  | Trump |
| 58 | District Judge | Charles E. Fleming | Cleveland | 1962 | 2022–present |  |  | Biden |
| 59 | District Judge | David A. Ruiz | Cleveland | 1973 | 2022–present |  |  | Biden |
| 60 | District Judge | Bridget M. Brennan | Cleveland | 1974 | 2022–present |  |  | Biden |
| 61 | District Judge | *vacant* |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 40 | Senior Judge | James G. Carr | Toledo | 1940 | 1994–2010 | 2004–2010 | 2010–present | Clinton |
| 41 | Senior Judge | Solomon Oliver Jr. | Cleveland | 1947 | 1994–2021 | 2010–2017 | 2021–present | Clinton |
| 44 | Senior Judge | Peter C. Economus | *inactive* | 1943 | 1995–2009 |  | 2009–present | Clinton |
| 45 | Senior Judge | Donald C. Nugent | Cleveland | 1948 | 1995–2017 |  | 2017–present | Clinton |
| 46 | Senior Judge | Patricia Anne Gaughan | Cleveland | 1953 | 1995–2023 | 2017–2023 | 2023–present | Clinton |
| 47 | Senior Judge | James S. Gwin | Cleveland | 1954 | 1997–2021 |  | 2021–present | Clinton |
| 48 | Senior Judge | Dan Polster | Cleveland | 1951 | 1998–2021 |  | 2021–present | Clinton |
| 50 | Senior Judge | Christopher A. Boyko | Cleveland | 1954 | 2005–2020 |  | 2020–present | G.W. Bush |
| 51 | Senior Judge | Jack Zouhary | Toledo | 1951 | 2006–2019 |  | 2019–present | G.W. Bush |

## Vacancies and pending nominations

| Seat | Prior judge's duty station | Seat last held by | Vacancy reason | Date of vacancy | Nominee | Date of nomination |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 12 | Cleveland | Patricia Anne Gaughan | Senior status | October 1, 2023 |  |  |

## Former judges

| # | Judge | State | Born–died | Active service | Chief Judge | Senior status | Appointed by | Reason for<br>termination |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| 1 | Hiram V. Willson | OH | 1808–1866 | 1855–1866 |  |  | Pierce | death |
| 2 | Charles Taylor Sherman | OH | 1811–1879 | 1867–1872 |  |  | A. Johnson | resignation |
| 3 | Martin Welker | OH | 1819–1902 | 1873–1889 |  |  | Grant | retirement |
| 4 | Augustus J. Ricks | OH | 1843–1906 | 1889–1906 |  |  | B. Harrison | death |
| 5 | Francis Joseph Wing | OH | 1850–1918 | 1901–1905 |  |  | McKinley | resignation |
| 6 | Robert Walker Tayler | OH | 1852–1910 | 1905–1910 |  |  | T. Roosevelt | death |
| 7 | John Milton Killits | OH | 1858–1938 | 1910–1928 |  | 1928–1938 | Taft | death |
| 8 | William Louis Day | OH | 1876–1936 | 1911–1914 |  |  | Taft | resignation |
| 9 | John Hessin Clarke | OH | 1857–1945 | 1914–1916 |  |  | Wilson | elevation to Supreme Court |
| 10 | David C. Westenhaver | OH | 1865–1928 | 1917–1928 |  |  | Wilson | death |
| 11 | Paul Jones | OH | 1880–1965 | 1923–1965 | 1948–1959 |  | Harding | death |
| 12 | Samuel H. West | OH | 1872–1938 | 1928–1938 |  |  | Coolidge | death |
| 13 | George Philip Hahn | OH | 1879–1937 | 1928–1937 |  |  | Coolidge | death |
| 14 | Frank Le Blond Kloeb | OH | 1890–1976 | 1937–1964 | 1959–1960 | 1964–1976 | F. Roosevelt | death |
| 15 | Robert Nugen Wilkin | OH | 1886–1973 | 1939–1949 |  | 1949–1973 | F. Roosevelt | death |
| 16 | Emerich B. Freed | OH | 1897–1955 | 1941–1955 |  |  | F. Roosevelt | death |
| 17 | Charles Joseph McNamee | OH | 1890–1964 | 1951–1964 | 1960 |  | Truman | death |
| 18 | James C. Connell | OH | 1897–1973 | 1954–1971 | 1960–1967 | 1971–1973 | Eisenhower | death |
| 19 | Paul Charles Weick | OH | 1899–1997 | 1956–1959 |  |  | Eisenhower | elevation to 6th Cir. |
| 20 | Girard Edward Kalbfleisch | OH | 1899–1990 | 1959–1970 | 1967–1969 | 1970–1990 | Eisenhower | death |
| 21 | Frank J. Battisti | OH | 1922–1994 | 1961–1994 | 1969–1990 | 1994–1994 | Kennedy | death |
| 22 | Ben Charles Green | OH | 1905–1983 | 1961–1976 |  | 1976–1983 | Kennedy | death |
| 23 | Don John Young | OH | 1910–1996 | 1965–1980 |  | 1980–1996 | L. Johnson | death |
| 24 | William Kernahan Thomas | OH | 1911–2001 | 1966–1981 |  | 1981–2001 | L. Johnson | death |
| 25 | Thomas Demetrios Lambros | OH | 1930–2019 | 1967–1995 | 1990–1995 |  | L. Johnson | retirement |
| 26 | Robert B. Krupansky | OH | 1921–2004 | 1970–1982 |  |  | Nixon | elevation to 6th Cir. |
| 27 | Nicholas Joseph Walinski Jr. | OH | 1920–1992 | 1970–1985 |  | 1985–1992 | Nixon | death |
| 28 | Leroy John Contie Jr. | OH | 1920–2001 | 1971–1982 |  |  | Nixon | elevation to 6th Cir. |
| 29 | John Michael Manos | OH | 1922–2006 | 1976–1991 |  | 1991–2006 | Ford | death |
| 30 | George Washington White | OH | 1931–2011 | 1980–1999 | 1995–1999 | 1999–2011 | Carter | death |
| 31 | Ann Aldrich | OH | 1927–2010 | 1980–1995 |  | 1995–2010 | Carter | death |
| 32 | Alvin Krenzler | OH | 1921–2010 | 1981–1992 |  | 1992–1992 | Reagan | retirement |
| 33 | John William Potter | OH | 1918–2013 | 1982–1992 |  | 1992–2013 | Reagan | death |
| 34 | David Dudley Dowd Jr. | OH | 1929–2016 | 1982–1996 |  | 1996–2016 | Reagan | death |
| 35 | Sam H. Bell | OH | 1925–2010 | 1982–1996 |  | 1996–2010 | Reagan | death |
| 36 | Alice M. Batchelder | OH | 1944–present | 1985–1992 |  |  | Reagan | elevation to 6th Cir. |
| 37 | Richard B. McQuade Jr. | OH | 1940–present | 1986–1989 |  |  | Reagan | resignation |
| 38 | Paul Ramon Matia | OH | 1937–present | 1991–2004 | 1999–2004 | 2004–2005 | G.H.W. Bush | retirement |
| 39 | Lesley B. Wells | OH | 1937–present | 1994–2006 |  | 2006–2015 | Clinton | retirement |
| 42 | David A. Katz | OH | 1933–2016 | 1994–2005 |  | 2005–2016 | Clinton | death |
| 43 | Kathleen M. O'Malley | OH | 1956–present | 1994–2010 |  |  | Clinton | elevation to Fed. Cir. |

1. Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 2, 1873, confirmed by the United States Senate on December 8, 1873, and received commission the same day.
2. Recess appointment; formally nominated on December 16, 1889, confirmed by the United States Senate on January 16, 1890, and received commission the same day.
3. Recess appointment; formally nominated on January 15, 1962, confirmed by the United States Senate on June 29, 1962, and received commission on July 2, 1962.

## Chief judges

Chief judges have administrative responsibilities with respect to their district court. Unlike the Supreme Court, where one justice is specifically nominated to be chief, the office of chief judge rotates among the district court judges. To be chief, a judge must have been in active service on the court for at least one year, be under the age of 65, and have not previously served as chief judge.

A vacancy is filled by the judge highest in seniority among the group of qualified judges. The chief judge serves for a term of seven years, or until age 70, whichever occurs first. The age restrictions are waived if no members of the court would otherwise be qualified for the position.

When the office was created in 1948, the chief judge was the longest-serving judge who had not elected to retire, on what has since 1958 been known as senior status, or declined to serve as chief judge. After August 6, 1959, judges could not become or remain chief after turning 70 years old. The current rules have been in operation since October 1, 1982.

## Succession of seats

1. Asbury Dickens, *A Synoptical Index to the Laws and Treaties of the United States of America* (1852), p. 392.
2. U.S. District Courts of Ohio, Legislative history, *Federal Judicial Center*.

41°29′47.1″N 81°41′50.4″W / 41.496417°N 81.697333°W / 41.496417; -81.697333

## InfoBox

| United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio | |
| --- | --- |
| (N.D. Ohio) | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | Carl B. Stokes U.S. Courthouse(Cleveland)*More locations* |
| Appeals to | Sixth Circuit |
| Established | February 10, 1855 |
| Judges | 11 |
| Chief Judge | Sara Elizabeth Lioi |
| Officers of the court | |
| U.S. Attorney | Rebecca C. Lutzko |
| U.S. Marshal | Peter Elliott |
| www.ohnd.uscourts.gov | |


title: Michael Xavier Leo Arokiaraj

abstract: Michael Xavier Leo Arokiaraj is an Indian clerical lawyer.

text:
# Michael Xavier Leo Arokiaraj

**Michael Xavier Leo Arokiaraj** (born 8 September 1958) is an Indian clerical lawyer.

## Early life

Monsignore Michael Leo Arockiaraj was born on 8 September 1958 in Mettupatti, in the civil district of Dindigul of Tamil Nadu, South India and of the ecclesiastical diocese of Dindigul. After his initial formation in St Augustine's minor seminary, Trichy, philosophical formation in Christ Hall seminary, Karumathur, and theological formation in Pontifical Urban University, Rome, where he was ordained a priest on 25 April 1984.

## Academic background

He obtained a bachelor's degree in Indian civil law in the Government Law College, Trichy, Tamil Nadu and a licentiate and doctorate in canon law in Pontifical Urban University, Rome in 1992.

## In Roman Rota

He completed in 1998 his studies to the Roman Rota (Studium rotalis), and was later appointed head of the Chancery of the Roman Rota. Pope Benedict XVI appointed him as a judge (auditor) of the Roman Rota on May 5, 2007. He is the first Asian and Indian to be appointed a judge in this Supreme Tribunal of the Catholic Church. When Pope Francis created a commission to reform the matrimonial process, he was chosen as a member of the commission on 27 August 2014.

1. "Indian priest appointed judge in Vatican's supreme court". *www.radiovaticana.va*.
2. "indian monsignor named judge of roman rota". *ucanews.com*.
3. "Pope creates Vatican commission to study marriage process". *National Catholic Reporter*. 20 September 2014.


title: Sudhakarrao Naik ministry

abstract: Sudhakarrao Naik was sworn in as Chief Minister of Maharashtra on 25 June 1991, on resignation of his predecessor Sharad Pawar. The ministry served until February 1993, when Naik resigned due to his inability to handle the 1993 Bombay riots, and was replaced by Pawar.

text:
# Sudhakarrao Naik ministry

**Sudhakarrao Naik** was sworn in as Chief Minister of Maharashtra on 25 June 1991, on resignation of his predecessor Sharad Pawar. The ministry served until February 1993, when Naik resigned due to his inability to handle the 1993 Bombay riots, and was replaced by Pawar.

## List of ministers

The ministry initially contained Naik and 7 Cabinet ministers. On 28 June 1991, 8 more cabinet ministers and 21 ministers of state were included in the cabinet. The ministry contained:

| Portfolio | Minister | Tookoffice | Leftoffice | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Chief Minister* General Administration * Information Technology * Home * Water Resources (Krishna Valley Development) and (Konkan Valley Development) * Water supply * sanitation * Protocol Departments  or portfolios not allocated to any minister. | Sudhakarrao Naik | 25 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Information and Public Relations | Sudhakarrao Naik | 25 June 1991 | 30 December 1991 |  | INC |
| | Shivajirao Deshmukh | 30 December 1991 | 3 September 1992 |  | INC |
| | Ramrao Adik | 3 September 1992 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Tourism * Earthquake Rehabilitation * Ports Development | Sudhakarrao Naik | 25 June 1991 | 30 December 1991 |  | INC |
| | Vijaysinh Mohite-Patil | 30 December 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Urban Land Ceiling * Mining Department * Public Works  (Including Public Undertakings) | Sudhakarrao Naik | 25 June 1991 | 30 December 1991 |  | INC |
| | Shankarrao Kolhe | 30 December 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Finance * Planning * Food and Drug Administration * Other Backward Classes * Vimukta Jati * Other Backward Bahujan Welfare * Panchayat Raj | Ramrao Adik | 25 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Irrigation * Energy * Command Area Development * Minority Development and Aukaf | Padamsinh Bajirao Patil | 25 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Urban Development * Law and Judiciary * Special Assistance * Sports and Youth Welfare * Special Backward Classes Welfare | Sushilkumar Shinde | 25 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Industries * Rural Development * Marketing | Vilasrao Deshmukh | 25 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Cooperation * Ex-Servicemen's Welfare * Marathi Language * Socially And Educationally Backward Classes | Shivajirao Deshmukh | 25 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Parliamentary Affairs | Shivajirao Deshmukh | 25 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| | Vijaysinh Mohite-Patil | 7 September 1992 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Transport | Shivajirao Deshmukh | 25 June 1991 | 26 December 1991 |  | INC |
| | Shankarrao Kolhe | 26 December 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Public Works  (Excluding Public Undertakings) | Vijaysinh Mohite-Patil | 25 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Excise | Vijaysinh Mohite-Patil | 25 June 1991 | 26 December 1991 |  | INC |
| | Shankarrao Kolhe | 26 December 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Cultural Affairs | Sushilkumar Shinde | 25 June 1991 | 26 December 1991 |  | INC |
| | Vijaysinh Mohite-Patil | 26 December 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Social Welfare * Prohibition Propaganda * Employment Guarantee Scheme | Ramdas Athawale | 25 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | RPI(A) |
| Cabinet Minister * Food and Civil Supplies * Textiles * Environment | Jawaharlal Darda | 28 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * School Education * Higher and Technical Education * Relief & Rehabilitation | Anantrao Thopate | 28 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Housing * Slum Improvement * House Repairs and Reconstruction | Javed Iqbal Khan | 28 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Heath and Family Welfare * Medical Education and Drugs * Woman and Child Development | Pushpatai Hirey | 28 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Revenue * Khar Land Development * Majority Welfare Development | Shankarrao Kolhe | 28 June 1991 | 26 December 1991 |  | INC |
| | Chhagan Bhujbal | 26 December 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Agriculture * Horticulture * Labour * Employment * Skill Development and Entrepreneurship | Rohidas Patil | 28 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Forests * Social Forestry | Madhukarrao Pichad | 28 June 1991 | 2 November 1992 |  | INC |
| | Shankarrao Kolhe | 2 November 1992 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Tribal Development * Nomadic Tribes | Madhukarrao Pichad | 28 June 1991 | 2 November 1992 |  | INC |
| | Sudhakarrao Naik | 2 November 1992 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Animal Husbandry * Dairy Development * Fisheries | Vilarsao Patil | 28 June 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |
| Cabinet Minister * Jails * Disaster Management * Soil and Water Conservation | Sudhakarrao Naik | 25 June 1991 | 30 December 1991 |  | INC |
| | Arun Mehta | 30 December 1991 | 22 February 1993 |  | INC |

## InfoBox

| Sudhakarrao Naik ministry | |
| --- | --- |
|
Ministry of Maharashtra | |
| Date formed | 25 June 1991 |
| Date dissolved | 22 February 1993 |
| People and organisations | |
| Governor | Chidambaram Subramaniam (1991-93)
P. C. Alexander (1993) |
| Chief Minister | Sudhakarrao Naik |
| Total no. of members | 16 Cabinet ministers (Incl. Chief Minister)
21 Ministers of state |
| Member parties | Congress
RPI(A)
Independents |
| Status in legislature | Majority government |
| Opposition party | BJP
Shiv Sena
RPI(G) |
| Opposition leader |  |
| History | |
| Election | 1990 |
| Legislature term | 5 years |
| Predecessor | Pawar III |
| Successor | Pawar IV |


title: Titanodula formosana

abstract: Titanodula formosana is a species of praying mantis in the subfamily Hierodulinae. T. formosana is found in Taiwan, Malaysia and the Sunda islands.

text:
# Titanodula formosana

***Titanodula formosana*** is a species of praying mantis in the subfamily Hierodulinae. *T. formosana* is found in Taiwan, Malaysia and the Sunda islands.

## Taxonomy

*T. formosana* was originally placed in *Hierodula*, but a 2020 study moved the species to a new genus, *Titanodula*, based on its large size and the unique shape of the male genitalia.

## InfoBox

| *Titanodula formosana* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Mantodea |
| Family: | Mantidae |
| Genus: | *Titanodula* |
| Species: | ***T. formosana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Titanodula formosana***<br>(Giglio-Tos, 1912) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Hierodula formosana* Giglio-Tos, 1912 | |


title: Time in Gibraltar

abstract: Gibraltar uses Standard Time or Central European Time (UTC+01:00) and daylight saving time or Central European Summer Time (UTC+02:00).

text:
# Time in Gibraltar

Gibraltar uses *Standard Time* or Central European Time (UTC+01:00) and daylight saving time or Central European Summer Time (UTC+02:00).

## Prior to 1982

Until 1982, Gibraltar used GMT+1 all year round. This put it in neighbouring Spain's time zone / Central European Time for 5 months and in the UK's zone for the 7 months of British Summer Time. In 1982, Gibraltar changed to use Central European Time all year round, putting it wholly in tune with Central Europe.

## IANA time zone database

The IANA time zone database contains one time zone for Gibraltar in the file zone.tab, named Europe/Gibraltar.

This refers to the area having the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code "GI".


title: Tin Tins

abstract: Tin Tins was an all-night Birmingham dance club until its closure in 1997. It influenced many contemporaneous and subsequent dance clubs. It was located in the current location of the Debenhams store in the Bullring Shopping Centre.

text:
# Tin Tins

**Tin Tins** was an all-night Birmingham dance club until its closure in 1997. It influenced many contemporaneous and subsequent dance clubs. It was located in the current location of the Debenhams store in the Bullring Shopping Centre.

## Culture

Tin Tins was first founded as a gay club in 1990 by Brian Wigley and Martin Healey, also the owners of the drag cabaret bar Partners (now Glamorous). Tin Tins was originally managed by Stan Cherrington and Richard O'Donnell, who focused on a younger clientele. The Nightingale, the city’s only other gay club, was more popular with an older, predominantly male customer base.

During its formative years, Tin Tins primarily hosted musical acts, including Lonnie Gordon, Hazell Dean, Sharon Redd, the pop group Take That, and several celebrity personalities, including "The Freak" from *Prisoner Cell Block H* and Lily Savage. The venue also hosted DJ Funky Dunc, a member of the Hi-NRG scene.

When the early management team departed to open M&M's, a nearby gay bar, Tin Tins re-established itself under a new leadership team of Richard O'Donnell, David "Lotty" Nash, and Phil Oldershaw, who went on to manage the "new" Nightingale Club.

Richard O’Donnell became Tin Tin’s lead manager. Seeing value in the club’s all-night license, one of the only in the city, he launched an after-hours club called Hype. This move gave straight, “attitude-free” clubbers access, making Tin Tins an unusual example of a mixed gay/straight bar in the early nineties.

## Music

Tin Tins had two main music rooms: Upstairs, where uplifting house music was played; and Downstairs, which played harder house in the new Hi-NRG style. DJ Tony De Vit played downstairs in the club’s early days before taking residency at the Trade nightclub at Turnmills in London. DJ Paul Andrews, a long-term DJ and others, like Simon Baker and Dave Simmons, shaped the club’s music policy and scene.

At first, Tin Tins would close at 2 AM and reopen as Hype, going until either 6 or 8 AM. Shortly afterwards, the club's schedule changed to remain open from 10 PM to 9 AM with no break.

## Closure

The venue was demolished in 1997 as part of the Bullring development.

52°28′36″N 1°53′46″W / 52.4767°N 1.8961°W / 52.4767; -1.8961


title: Tin Tin Deo (album)

abstract: Tin Tin Deo is an album by guitarist Kenny Burrell recorded in 1977 and released on the Concord Jazz label.

text:
# Tin Tin Deo (album)

***Tin Tin Deo*** is an album by guitarist Kenny Burrell recorded in 1977 and released on the Concord Jazz label.

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

Allmusic awarded the album 2½ stars with Scott Yanow stating "*Tin Tin Deo* is a typically tasteful set by guitarist Kenny Burrell. ... Nothing particularly surprising occurs but Burrell is heard throughout in above-average form and this release should please his fans".

## Track listing

1. "Tin Tin Deo" (Chano Pozo, Gil Fuller) – 7:17
2. "Old Folks" (Willard Robison, Dedette Lee Hill) – 4:35
3. "Have You Met Miss Jones?" (Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart) – 2:53
4. "I Remember You" (Victor Schertzinger, Johnny Mercer) – 5:44
5. "Common Ground" (Kenny Burrell, Warren Stephens) – 4:22
6. "If You Could See Me Now" (Tadd Dameron, Carl Sigman) – 6:18
7. "I Hadn't Anyone 'til You" (Ray Noble) – 3:52
8. "La Petite Mambo" (Erroll Garner) – 4:17

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Tin Tin Deo | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Kenny Burrell | |
| Released | 1977 |
| Recorded | March 23–25, 1977 |
| Studio | Coast Recorders, San Francisco, CA |
| Genre | Jazz |
| Length | 39:18 |
| Label | Concord Jazz
CJ-45 |
| Producer | Carl Jefferson |
| Kenny Burrell chronology | |
| *Prime: Live at the Downtown Room*
(1976) ***Tin Tin Deo***
(1977) *Handcrafted*
(1978) | |


title: Tipsy S.2

abstract: The Tipsy S.2 was the production version of the Tipsy S, a single seat, low wing sports monoplane designed by Ernest Oscar Tips in Belgium in the mid-1930s. It was produced in both the Belgium and the UK.

text:
# Tipsy S.2

The **Tipsy S.2** was the production version of the **Tipsy S**, a single seat, low wing sports monoplane designed by Ernest Oscar Tips in Belgium in the mid-1930s. It was produced in both the Belgium and the UK.

## Background

Avions Fairey, the Fairey Aviation Company's Belgian subsidiary was set up in 1930-1 to produce Fairey Fox and Firefly aircraft for the Belgian Air Force. Its manager was Ernest Oscar Tips. Once production of the military aircraft was under way, Tips found time to design and build light aircraft of his own. The first of these types was the single seat Tipsy S and S.2 in 1935. It was built in Belgium by Avions Fairey and under licence in the UK by Aero Engines Ltd of Bristol. The Tipsy S (for Sport), sometimes known as the S.1, was the prototype. It carried the pleasing registration *OO-TIP*.

## Design and development

The Tipsy S.2 was a wooden framed machine, covered with a mixture of plywood and canvas. The wing was built around an I-section main spar at about one quarter chord and an auxiliary rear box spar. These spars were linked by a rigid diagonal pyramid bracing. Stressed plywood skin was used from the main spar forward, with the rest of the wing fabric covered over wooden ribs. The wing had an "elliptical" shape rather like that of the later Spitfire but with a straighter leading edge. Differential ailerons extended from mid span to the tips; because they continued the trailing edge curvature and their hinge had to be straight though strongly forward swept, the chord of these ailerons initially increased outwards, decreasing rapidly to the tips.

The fuselage was based on four spruce longerons, flat sided and plywood covered. Behind the cockpit was a rounded decking, the depth of which depended on whether the seating was open or closed. The closed variants or Coupés had a deeper decking so that the Rhodoid (cellulose acetate) canopy faired smoothly into it; with the open cockpit, the decking only reached to the top of the headrest.

At the rear the fin was built as an integral part of the fuselage. The fabric covered rudder was rounded, horn balanced and mounted on a forward leaning hinge. The elevators and tailplane together formed an elliptical shape rather like that of the wings. As a result, the elevator hinges were strongly forward swept. The tailplane, mounted on top of the fuselage was supported from the fin near the rudder post with a pair of external struts; the rudder moved above it. There was a small tailskid. The wide track main undercarriage had two cantilever forks fixed to the main spar, with rubber shock absorbers at the attachment points. The legs were faired and the wheels were in spats.

The Tipsy S and S.2 were fitted with a variety of engines, none producing more than 40 hp (30 kW). The Tipsy S prototype began flying with an 11 hp (8 kW) Douglas Sprite, making its first flight on 11 May 1935 at the Avions Fairey field at Gosselies. The following year it had a 25 hp (19 kW) Ava 4A-00 engine, then a variety of small engines including the Sarolea Epervier. Later it returned to the Douglas Sprite, uprated to 20 hp (15 kW). The great majority of production Tipsy S.2s used either the 32 hp (24 kW) Sarolea Epervier (eng: Sparrowhawk) in Belgian-built machines or the 24 hp (18 kW) Douglas Sprite II in English-built ones. Both of these engines were flat twins.

## Operational history

Nineteen Tipsy S.2s were built in Belgium, only three not using the Sarolea engine. Just one of the three used a more powerful engine, the four cylinder inverted in-line 40 hp Train 4T. The majority had open cockpits, with just five fitting the enclosed cabin. Several were exported, destinations including France, Indonesia, Poland, Spain, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. The South African aircraft (c/n 34) was impressed into the SAAF during World War II. Only four survived the war and probably only two of these flew again. These other two are now both static museum exhibits: *SE-AFT*, ex-*OO-ASC* is at the Flygmuseum at Sloinge, Sweden, and *OO-ASB*, ex-*G-AFVH* is painted up as the prototype Tipsy S *OO-TIP* at the Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and Military History, Brussels.

Nine British aircraft were started but only six completed, and of these only three gained Authorisation to Fly. All were Douglas engined and with an open cockpit. The British market at least had lost enthusiasm for single seat ultralight aircraft and by the end of 1937 no British Tipsy S.2s were flying in the UK. As a result, the Tipsy S was not developed in the UK in the way the Tipsy B was. The S was never given the slotted wing that might have ameliorated its tendency to drop a wing at the stall, then spin.

The single Polish S.2 Tipsy served as the basis for the PWS-36 plane designed for the Podlaska Wytwórnia Samolotów by three recent graduates of Lwów University of Science. However, the design was eventually rejected in 1935 in favour of the PWS-35 created by the same team.

## Specifications (Epervier engine)

*Data from* Grey 1972, p. 10c

**General characteristics**

* **Crew:** 1
* **Length:** 5.72 m (18 ft 9 in)
* **Wingspan:** 7.5 m (24 ft 7 in)
* **Height:** 1.45 m (4 ft 9 in)
* **Wing area:** 9.5 m2 (102 sq ft)
* **Airfoil:** RAF 42 progressing to a RAF 32 and a RAF 22 at the wingtip
* **Empty weight:** 160 kg (353 lb)
* **Gross weight:** 280 kg (617 lb)
* **Powerplant:** 1 × Sarolea Epervier flat twin, 24 kW (32 hp)

**Performance**

* **Maximum speed:** 165 km/h (103 mph, 89 kn)
* **Endurance:** 4 hrs

**Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era**

### Citations

### Cited sources

* Taylor, H.O. (1974). *Fairey Aircraft since 1915*. London: Putnam Publishing. ISBN 0-370-00065-X.
* Grey, C.G. (1972). *Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1938*. London: David & Charles. ISBN 0-7153-5734-4.
* Jackson, A.J. (1960). *British Civil Aircraft 1919-59*. Vol. 2. London: Putnam Publishing.
* Ord-Hume, Arthur W.J.G. (2000). *British Light Aeroplanes*. Peterborough: GMS Enterprises. ISBN 978-1-870384-76-6.

## InfoBox

| Tipsy S.2 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Role | Two seat sports aircraft |
| National origin | Belgium |
| Manufacturer | Avions Tipsy, Gosselies Aerodrome, Charleroi |
| Designer | Ernest Oscar Tips |
| First flight | 11 May 1935 |
| Number built | 26 including prototype |


title: Tints (song)

abstract: "Tints" is a song performed by American rapper and singer Anderson.Paak; issued as the lead single from his third studio album Oxnard. The song is a duet rap with fellow American hip hop recording artist Kendrick Lamar; and it peaked at #9 on the Billboard Adult R&B chart in 2018. "Tints" was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on May 21, 2021. On December 1, 2018, Anderson.Paak and Kendrick Lamar performed the song on Saturday Night Live.

text:
# Tints (song)

**"Tints"** is a song performed by American rapper and singer Anderson .Paak; issued as the lead single from his third studio album *Oxnard*. The song is a duet rap with fellow American hip hop recording artist Kendrick Lamar; and it peaked at #9 on the *Billboard* Adult R&B chart in 2018.

"Tints" was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on May 21, 2021. On December 1, 2018, Anderson .Paak and Kendrick Lamar performed the song on *Saturday Night Live*.

## Music video

The official music video for "Tints" was directed by Colin Tilley.

## Chart positions

| Chart (2018-19) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| *Billboard* Japan Hot 100 | 99 |
| US Adult R&B Airplay (*Billboard*) | 9 |
| US Bubbling Under Hot 100 (*Billboard*) | 22 |

## Certifications

Certifications and sales for "Tints"
| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United States (RIAA) | Gold | 500,000 |
| Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

1. "Anderson .Paak - Tints Album Reviews, Songs & More". *AllMusic*. RhythmOne. Retrieved September 26, 2022.
2. Alston, Trey; Strauss, Matthew (October 4, 2018). "Anderson .Paak and Kendrick Share New Song "Tints": Listen | Pitchfork". *Pitchfork*. Condé Nast. Retrieved September 26, 2022.
3. "Anderson .Paak - Billboard". *Billboard*. Eldridge Industries. Retrieved September 26, 2022.
4. "American certifications – Anderson .Paak". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved September 26, 2022.
5. Reed, Ryan (December 1, 2018). "Kendrick Lamar, Anderson .Paak Perform Funky 'Tints' on 'SNL' - Rolling Stone". *Rolling Stone*. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved September 26, 2022.
6. Navaroli, Joel (December 1, 2018). "SNL Archives | Episodes | 12.01.2018 #7". *SNL Archives*. Retrieved September 26, 2022.
7. Bloom, Madison (October 26, 2018). "Watch Anderson .Paak and Kendrick Lamar's New "Tints" Video | Pitchfork". *Pitchfork*. Condé Nast. Retrieved September 26, 2022.
8. "American single certifications – Anderson .Paak – Tints". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved September 26, 2022.

## InfoBox

| "Tints" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Anderson .Paak featuring Kendrick Lamar | |
| from the album  *Oxnard* | |
| Released | October 3, 2018 (2018-10-03) |
| Genre | R&B |
| Length | 4:29 |
| Label | Aftermath |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * Brandon Anderson * Om'Mas Keith |
| Anderson .Paak singles chronology | |
| "Bubblin"
(2018) "**Tints**"
(2018) "Who R U?"
(2018) | |
|  | |
| Kendrick Lamar singles chronology | |
| "Dedication"
(2018) "**Tints**"
(2018) "Hair Down"
(2019) | |
| Music video | |
| "Tints" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Mordellochroa pulchella

abstract: Mordellochroa pulchella is a beetle in the genus Mordellochroa of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1859 by Étienne Mulsant & Rey.

text:
# Mordellochroa pulchella

***Mordellochroa pulchella*** is a beetle in the genus *Mordellochroa* of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1859 by Étienne Mulsant & Rey.

## InfoBox

| *Mordellochroa pulchella* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordellochroa* |
| Species: | ***M. pulchella*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordellochroa pulchella***<br>(Mulsant & Rey, 1859) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Mordella pulchella* Mulsant & Rey, 1859 * *Mordellistena bimaculata* Ragusa, 1930 | |


title: Thurston TA16 Trojan

abstract: The Thurston TA16 Trojan was a light amphibious aircraft developed in the United States during the 1970s for homebuilding. During the 1980s and again in the early 2000s, efforts were made to certificate the design for series production under the name Seafire. It was a four-seat all-metal flying boat with a shoulder-mounted cantilever wing and a T-tail. The engine was mounted tractor-fashion on a tall pylon above the wings, and the aircraft was equipped with retractable tricycle undercarriage for alighting on land. Sales of plans to homebuilders were suspended after 32 sets had been sold while initial efforts were made to certificate the design. These proved fruitless but a second attempt in the early 1980s resulted in the flight of a prototype Seafire on 10 December 1982. The new entity created to handle the certification and production, International Aeromarine Corporation (IAC), expected the process to be complete by 1987, but this too fell by the wayside, and rights to the design reverted to Thurston with 85% of the process complete. In the meantime, refinements made to the design during the certification trials were incorporated into the plans for homebuilders. In 1998, a new company, Aquastar Inc was formed to revive the certification project. The Seafire prototype was refurbished and re-registered in 2000, recommencing certification trials in 2002. The Seafire was publicly re-launched at EAA AirVenture Oshkosh that same year, but the project stalled again in mid-2003.

text:
# Thurston TA16 Trojan

The **Thurston TA16 Trojan** was a light amphibious aircraft developed in the United States during the 1970s for homebuilding. During the 1980s and again in the early 2000s, efforts were made to certificate the design for series production under the name **Seafire**. It was a four-seat all-metal flying boat with a shoulder-mounted cantilever wing and a T-tail. The engine was mounted tractor-fashion on a tall pylon above the wings, and the aircraft was equipped with retractable tricycle undercarriage for alighting on land.

Sales of plans to homebuilders were suspended after 32 sets had been sold while initial efforts were made to certificate the design. These proved fruitless but a second attempt in the early 1980s resulted in the flight of a prototype Seafire (registered *N16SA*) on 10 December 1982. The new entity created to handle the certification and production, International Aeromarine Corporation (IAC), expected the process to be complete by 1987, but this too fell by the wayside, and rights to the design reverted to Thurston with 85% of the process complete. In the meantime, refinements made to the design during the certification trials were incorporated into the plans for homebuilders.

In 1998, a new company, Aquastar Inc was formed to revive the certification project. The Seafire prototype was refurbished and re-registered in 2000, recommencing certification trials in 2002. The Seafire was publicly re-launched at EAA AirVenture Oshkosh that same year, but the project stalled again in mid-2003.

## Specifications (TA16 Seafire)

*Data from* Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993–94

**General characteristics**

* **Crew:** one
* **Capacity:** three passengers
* **Length:** 27 ft 2 in (8.28 m)
* **Wingspan:** 37 ft 0 in (11.28 m)
* **Height:** 10 ft 9 in (3.28 m)
* **Wing area:** 183.0 sq ft (17.00 m2)
* **Aspect ratio:** 7.40:1
* **Empty weight:** 1,950 lb (885 kg)
* **Max takeoff weight:** 3,200 lb (1,451 kg)
* **Fuel capacity:** 340 L (75 imp gal; 90 US gal)
* **Powerplant:** 1 × Lycoming O-540-A4D5 air-cooled flat-six, 250 hp (190 kW)

**Performance**

* **Maximum speed:** 175 mph (282 km/h, 152 kn) at 7,000 ft (2,100 m)
* **Cruise speed:** 155 mph (249 km/h, 135 kn) (67% power)
* **Stall speed:** 60 mph (97 km/h, 52 kn)
* **Range:** 1,000 mi (1,600 km, 870 nmi) (max fuel)
* **Service ceiling:** 18,000 ft (5,500 m)
* **Rate of climb:** 1,060 ft/min (5.4 m/s)

* "Buccaneer+Teal=Seafire". *Flight International*. 2 October 1982. pp. 978–979. Retrieved 2008-05-10.
* Cox, Jack (July 1984). "Billy Johnson's Trojan". *Sport Aviation*: 36–38.
* Hinton, J. Douglas (4 February 2000). "The Seafire: Strong economy spurs four-seat amphib's resurrection". *General Aviation News*. Retrieved 2008-05-10.
* Lambert, Mark (1993). *Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1993–94*. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Data Division. ISBN 0-7106-1066-1.
* Taylor, John W. R. *Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1987-88*. London: Jane's Yearbooks. p. 437.
* Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). *Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation*. London: Studio Editions. p. 929.
* Archived version of Aquastar website

## InfoBox

| TA16 Trojan and Seafire | |
| --- | --- |
| Role | Utility amphibian |
| National origin | United States |
| Manufacturer | Homebuilt |
| Designer | David Thurston |
| First flight | 1975 |


title: William Nassau Alley

abstract: William Nassau Alley was an Irish Methodist. Alley was a native of Ballinasloe and is credited with much of the responsibility for the erection of the Methodist chapel of Galway, at what was later to be known as Victoria Place. In 1836 he and his wife Mary had only recently set up business as merchants in the town, where he was acknowledged as one of the leading members of the community. Thanks mainly to their efforts, the chapel was opened in 1839. Galway was one of the worst affected areas in Ireland during the Great Irish Famine, and members of the community risked their lives in attempting to save the lives of their fellow Irish. While assisting the sick and hungry, Alley became infected with fever and died in June 1849. His wife, Mary, died in 1863, aged 62. Both of them were buried at the back of chapel at Victoria Place, over which an impressive monument with a Corinthian pillar was erected. He was an older brother of George Alley.

text:
# William Nassau Alley

**William Nassau Alley** (1808 – June 1849) was an Irish Methodist.

Alley was a native of Ballinasloe and is credited with much of the responsibility for the erection of the Methodist chapel of Galway, at what was later to be known as Victoria Place. In 1836 he and his wife Mary had only recently set up business as merchants in the town, where he was acknowledged as one of the leading members of the community. Thanks mainly to their efforts, the chapel was opened in 1839.

Galway was one of the worst affected areas in Ireland during the Great Irish Famine, and members of the community risked their lives in attempting to save the lives of their fellow Irish. While assisting the sick and hungry, Alley became infected with fever and died in June 1849. His wife, Mary, died in 1863, aged 62. Both of them were buried at the back of chapel at Victoria Place, over which an impressive monument with a Corinthian pillar was erected.

He was an older brother of George Alley.

* *Methodisim in Galway*, Dudley Levistone Cooney, Galway, 1978


title: Plato (comic poet)

abstract: Plato was an Athenian comic poet and contemporary of Aristophanes. None of his plays survive intact, but the titles of thirty of them are known, including a Hyperbolus, Victories, Cleophon, and Phaon. The titles suggest that his themes were often political. In 410 BC, one of his plays took first prize at the City Dionysia. Phaon included a scene in which a character sits down to study a poem about gastronomy and reads some of it aloud: "In ashes first your onions roast, Till they are brown as toast, Then with sauce and gravy cover; Eat them, you'll be strong all over." The poem is in hexameters, and therefore sounds like a lampoon of the work of Archestratus, although the speaker calls it "a book by Philoxenus", meaning either the poet Philoxenus of Cythera, the glutton Philoxenus of Leucas, or both indiscriminately.

text:
# Plato (comic poet)

**Plato** (also **Plato Comicus**; Ancient Greek: Πλάτων Κωμικός) was an Athenian comic poet and contemporary of Aristophanes. None of his plays survive intact, but the titles of thirty of them are known, including a *Hyperbolus* (c. 420–416 BC), *Victories* (after 421), *Cleophon* (in 405), and *Phaon* (probably in 391). The titles suggest that his themes were often political. In 410 BC, one of his plays took first prize at the City Dionysia.

*Phaon* included a scene (quoted in the *Deipnosophistae* of Athenaeus) in which a character sits down to study a poem about gastronomy (in fact mostly about aphrodisiacs) and reads some of it aloud: "In ashes first your onions roast, Till they are brown as toast, Then with sauce and gravy cover; Eat them, you'll be strong all over." The poem is in hexameters, and therefore sounds like a lampoon of the work of Archestratus, although the speaker calls it "a book by Philoxenus", meaning either the poet Philoxenus of Cythera, the glutton Philoxenus of Leucas, or both indiscriminately.

## Surviving titles and fragments

Of Plato's plays only the following thirty titles have come down to us, along with 292 associated fragments.

* *Adonis*
* *The Alliance*
* *Ambassadors*
* *Amphiareos*
* *Ants*
* *Cleophon*
* *Daidalus*
* *Europe*
* *Festivals*
* *Greece, or the Islands*
* *Griffins*
* *Hyperbolus*
* *Io*
* *Laius*
* *Laconians, or Poets*
* *Little Child*
* *The Long Night*
* *Meneleos*
* *Peisander*
* *Perialges*
* *Phaon*
* *Pieces of Furniture*
* *The Poet*
* *The Resident Aliens*
* *The Sophists*
* *Syrphex*
* *Victories*
* *The Women from the Temples*
* *Xantriai, or Kerkopes*
* *Zeus Being Wronged*

* *The Oxford Classical Dictionary*, p. 1193.
* Rosen, Ralph M. (1995) Plato Comicus and the Evolution of Greek Comedy. Published in *Beyond Aristophanes: Transition and Diversity in Greek Comedy* (Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1995), pages 119-137.


title: Young, Saskatchewan

abstract: Young is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Morris No. 312. The economy is dominated by local agriculture and the nearby Mosaic Potash mine.

text:
# Young, Saskatchewan

**Young** (2016 population: 244) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Morris No. 312. The economy is dominated by local agriculture and the nearby Mosaic Potash mine.

## History

Young came into being with the coming of the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway. Young incorporated as a village on June 7, 1910. It was named for F.G. Young, a land agent.

A limestone kiln producing 1000 bushels of lime a day was established in the town at the northwest end of 2 Avenue.

It has a 3 sheet curling rink with artificial ice and hockey arena, a swimming pool, golf course, ball diamonds and playground.

A fire destroyed the village's oldest building, the former Young Hotel, on November 12, 2011. The hotel was built in 1910.

## Demographics

Population history
(1981–2016)
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1981 | 456 |  |
| 1986 | 427 | −6.4% |
| 1991 | 352 | −17.6% |
| 1996 | 320 | −9.1% |
| 2001 | 299 | −6.6% |
| 2006 | 263 | −12.0% |
| 2011 | 239 | −9.1% |
| 2016 | 244 | +2.1% |
| *Source: Statistics Canada via Saskatchewan Bureau of Statistics* | | |

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Young had a population of 253 living in 126 of its 142 total private dwellings, a change of 3.7% from its 2016 population of 244. With a land area of 2.54 km2 (0.98 sq mi), it had a population density of 99.6/km2 (258.0/sq mi) in 2021.

In the 2016 Census of Population, the Village of Young recorded a population of 244 living in 117 of its 133 total private dwellings, a 2% change from its 2011 population of 239. With a land area of 2.51 km2 (0.97 sq mi), it had a population density of 97.2/km2 (251.8/sq mi) in 2016.

|  | **North:** Viscount |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **West:** Allan | **Young** | **East:** Watrous |

## InfoBox

| Young | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Main Street | |
| YoungYoung | |
| Coordinates: 51°46′07″N 105°44′54″W / 51.7687°N 105.7482°W / 51.7687; -105.7482 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Saskatchewan |
| Region | Saskatchewan |
| Founded | 1908 |
| Post Office Established | 1909-04-01 |
| Village Incorporated | June 7, 1910 |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Agnes Thompson |
| Governing body | Young Village Council |
| Area | |
| Land | 2.51 km2 (0.97 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 239 |
| Density | 95.2/km2 (247/sq mi) |
| Time zone | CST |
| Postal code | S0K 4Y0 |
| Area code | 306 |
| Highways | Highway 2 |
| Website | Official Site |
|  | |


title: WSVA

abstract: WSVA is a commercial radio station licensed to Harrisonburg, Virginia, and serving the Central Shenandoah Valley. It broadcasts a news/talk format and is owned by Saga Communications, through licensee Tidewater Communications, LLC. The studios and offices are on Heritage Center Way in Harrisonburg. By day, WSVA transmits with 5,000 watts non-directional, but at night it reduces power to 1,000 watts and uses a directional antenna with a three-tower array. The transmitter is on Garbers Church Road near West Market Street in Harrisonburg. Programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator W221CF at 92.1 MHz.

text:
# WSVA

**WSVA** (550 AM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Harrisonburg, Virginia, and serving the Central Shenandoah Valley. It broadcasts a news/talk format and is owned by Saga Communications, through licensee Tidewater Communications, LLC. The studios and offices are on Heritage Center Way in Harrisonburg.

By day, WSVA transmits with 5,000 watts non-directional, but at night (to protect other stations on 550 AM from interference) it reduces power to 1,000 watts and uses a directional antenna with a three-tower array. The transmitter is on Garbers Church Road near West Market Street (U.S. Route 33) in Harrisonburg. Programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator **W221CF** at 92.1 MHz.

## Programming

The WSVA weekday schedule begins with *Early Mornings with Frank Wilt and Jim Britt*. Mike Schikman hosts afternoon drive time. At noon, an hour of news and agricultural reports airs. The rest of the weekday schedule is nationally syndicated talk programs: *The Hugh Hewitt Show, The Mark Levin Show, CBS Eye on the World with John Batchelor, Red Eye Radio, America in the Morning* and *The Markley, Van Camp and Robbins Show*.

Weekends feature shows on money, car repair, home repair, travel and gardening. Weekend syndicated programs include *The Larry Kudlow Show, The Sebastian Gorka Show, Rudy Maxa's World, The Lars Larson Show, The Kim Komando Show, Music and the Spoken Word* and *The Car Doctor with Ron Annanian*. Most hours begin with an update from CBS News Radio.

WSVA broadcasts local sports including James Madison University football and basketball, along with high school football, basketball and baseball.

## History

### Early years

WSVA signed on the air on June 9, 1935. It was the first radio station to broadcast in Virginia's Shenandoah Valley. The station was owned by Frederick L. Allman and the original power was only 500 watts. Although it appears that the call letters stand for **S**henandoah **VA**lley, they actually stand for **W**e **S**erve **V**irginia **A**griculture." The station was an affiliate of the NBC Red Network, carrying its dramas, comedies, news, sports, soap operas, game shows and big band broadcasts during the "Golden Age of Radio." Locally, it offered news, agricultural programs, music and talk.

In 1946, it added the Shenandoah Valley's first FM station, WSVA-FM (now WQPO). And in 1953, it put Channel 3 on the air, WSVA-TV (now WHSV-TV). Because 550 AM was an NBC affiliate, WSVA-TV mostly carried NBC television shows, but it also broadcast some programs from CBS, ABC and the Dumont Television Network. Allman sold his stations to a partnership of Transcontinent Television and former NBC executive Hamilton Shea in 1956, earning a significant return on his investment of 21 years earlier.

### Washington Star

In the 1950s, as network programming moved from radio to television, WSVA switched to a full service radio format of middle of the road (MOR) music, news and sports. In 1959, the *Washington Evening Star*, owner of WMAL AM-FM-TV in Washington, D.C., bought Transcontinent's share of the stations, as well as 1% of Shea's stake.

Michigan businessman James Gilmore bought WSVA-AM-FM-TV in 1965. He sold off Channel 3 in 1976. But Gilmore held onto the radio stations until 1987, when he sold them to local businessman John David VerStandig. Over the years, VerStandig added WTGD-FM, WJDV-FM, and WHBG to his radio portfolio.

### Expanded Band assignment

On March 17, 1997, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) announced that 88 stations had been given permission to move to newly available "Expanded Band" transmitting frequencies, ranging from 1610 to 1700 kHz. WSVA was authorized to move from 550 to 1700 kHz.

A construction permit for the expanded band station was assigned the call sign WEZI on November 17, 1997. However this station was never built, and its construction permit was cancelled on January 16, 2004.

### New studios and FM translator

In 2009, WSVA moved into a new building with modern studios and offices. It is located on the same property as the old building, on Heritage Center Way.

On January 1, 2015, the station began simulcasting its programming on FM translator W221CF, transmitting on 92.1 MHz. It makes WSVA programming available to listeners who prefer FM radio. It also exists to fill in the gaps in WSVA's nighttime coverage. The AM transmitter cuts its power to 1,000 watts at night to protect the nighttime signal of WGR in Buffalo, New York, and other stations on 550 AM in the Eastern United States.

The sale of VerStandig Broadcasting of Harrisonburg to Saga Communications was closed on July 31, 2015. It included WSVA and several other Shenandoah Valley radio stations. The purchase price was $9.64 million.

## Translator

In addition to the main station, WSVA is relayed by an FM translator to widen its broadcast area.

Broadcast translator for WSVA
| Call sign | Frequency | City of license | FID | ERP () | HAAT | Class | FCC info |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| W221CF | 92.1 FM | Harrisonburg, Virginia | 151081 | 250 | 130  (427 ft) | D | LMS |

## InfoBox

WSVA
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Broadcast area | Central Shenandoah Valley |
| Frequency | 550 kHz |
| Branding | 92.1 FM and 550 AM WSVA |
| Programming | |
| Format | News/talk |
| Network | CBS News Radio |
| Affiliations | Compass Media Networks
Salem Radio Network
Westwood One |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | * Saga Communications * (Tidewater Communications, LLC) |
| Sister stations | WHBG, WMQR, WQPO, WSIG, WWRE |
| History | |
| First air date | June 9, 1935 (1935-06-09) |
| Call sign meaning | **W**e **S**erve **V**irginia **A**griculture or
W **S**henandoah **VA**lley |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 39493 |
| Class | B |
| Power | 5,000 watts day
1,000 watts night |
| Transmitter coordinates | 38°27′4.0″N 78°54′29.0″W / 38.451111°N 78.908056°W / 38.451111; -78.908056 |
| Translator(s) | 92.1 W221CF (Harrisonburg) |
| Repeater(s) | 96.1-2 WMQR-HD2 (Broadway) |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen Live |
| Website | wsvaonline.com |


abstract: The United States Post Office in Sylvester, Georgia is a historic post office. It was the area's only post office and is adorned with a mural from the New Deal era titled Cantaloupe Industry that was painted by Chester J. Tingler in 1939. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 5, 1996. It is located at 122 North Main Street. It is a rectangular, one-story building with Colonial Revival details applied to what has been termed as otherwise an International-style building. The International-style elements are its plain walls and windows and its flat composition roof.

text:
# United States Post Office (Sylvester, Georgia)

The **United States Post Office** in Sylvester, Georgia is a historic post office. It was the area's only post office and is adorned with a mural from the New Deal era titled *Cantaloupe Industry* that was painted by Chester J. Tingler in 1939. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on July 5, 1996. It is located at 122 North Main Street.

It is a rectangular, one-story building with Colonial Revival details applied to what has been termed as otherwise an International-style building. The International-style elements are its plain walls and windows and its flat composition roof.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| U.S. Post Office-Sylvester | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 122 N. Main St., Sylvester, Georgia |
| Coordinates | 31°31′37″N 83°50′6″W / 31.52694°N 83.83500°W / 31.52694; -83.83500 |
| Area | 0.5 acres (0.20 ha) |
| Built | 1939 |
| NRHP reference No. | 96000735 |
| Added to NRHP | July 5, 1996 |


title: Michael Jarvis

abstract: Michael Jarvis was a Thoroughbred horse trainer in England. Based in Newmarket, Jarvis trained numerous Group One winners including three winners of the British Haydock Sprint Cup. Jarvis's horses also won important races in Ireland, Germany and Italy. He kept approximately 80 horses in training, and his main jockey was Philip Robinson. Jarvis's career spanned almost 40 years from his first win at the top-rated Haydock Sprint Cup in 1969 to his 2007 win of the Italian Premio Roma. He announced his decision to retire on 22 February 2011 with almost immediate effect, handing over the yard to his long-time assistant Roger Varian. This was due to ill health – Jarvis had undergone surgery for a heart condition and was also suffering from prostate cancer, and said in the months running up to his retirement that his health had deteriorated. He died on 20 September 2011 at the age of 73.

text:
# Michael Jarvis

**Michael Jarvis** (14 August 1938 – 20 September 2011) was a Thoroughbred horse trainer in England. Based in Newmarket, Jarvis trained numerous Group One winners including three winners of the British Haydock Sprint Cup. Jarvis's horses also won important races in Ireland, Germany and Italy. He kept approximately 80 horses in training, and his main jockey was Philip Robinson. Jarvis's career spanned almost 40 years from his first win at the top-rated Haydock Sprint Cup in 1969 to his 2007 win of the Italian Premio Roma.

He announced his decision to retire on 22 February 2011 with almost immediate effect, handing over the yard to his long-time assistant Roger Varian. This was due to ill health – Jarvis had undergone surgery for a heart condition and was also suffering from prostate cancer, and said in the months running up to his retirement that his health had deteriorated. He died on 20 September 2011 at the age of 73.

## Major wins

**France**

---

**Great Britain**

---

**Ireland**

---

**Germany**

---

**Italy**

## InfoBox

| Michael Jarvis | |
| --- | --- |
| Occupation | Trainer |
| Born | 14 October 1938
Lewes, Sussex, England |
| Died | 20 September 2011 (aged 71) |
| Major racing wins | |
| **British Classic Race wins:**
1,000 Guineas (1)
Epsom Oaks (1) | |
| Significant horses | |
| Beldale Flutter, Easter Sun, Carroll House, Ameerat, Rakti, Eswarah | |


title: Sudhan Gali

abstract: Sudhan Galli also called as Derra Saduzai), meaning the "Street of Sudhans", Sudhan Street) is a village located in Bagh District, Azad Kashmir. It lies on the main road that connects the district Bagh to Muzaffarabad, the capital of Azad Kashmir and also connects the town of tehseel Chikkar with Bagh city.

text:
# Sudhan Gali

**Sudhan Galli** (سدھن گلی) also called as **Derra Saduzai**), meaning the "Street of Sudhans", Sudhan Street) is a village located in Bagh District, Azad Kashmir. It lies on the main road that connects the district Bagh to Muzaffarabad, the capital of Azad Kashmir and also connects the town of tehseel Chikkar with Bagh city.

## 2005 earthquake

Ganga Chotti (a mountain peak near Sudhan Gali) was badly affected by the 2005 Pakistan earthquake. In December 2005 the United Nations Children's Fund arrived to deliver clothing before the snows of winter arrived. UNICEF focused their relief efforts on places at high altitudes like Sudhan Gali (which has an altitude of 2,134 metres).

According to UNICEF:

> > People have lost warm clothing, housing, food and utensils, and that could have affected children – who are the most vulnerable. That’s why UNICEF decided to distribute \[kits\] at the high altitudes. Last year there was about 12 feet of snow in this area.

## InfoBox

| Sudhan Galli (Derra Saduzai) سدھن گلی | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Sudhan Galli | |
| Sudhan Galli (Derra Saduzai) | |
| Coordinates: 34°04′33″N 73°44′41″E / 34.0757°N 73.7446°E / 34.0757; 73.7446 | |
| Country | Pakistan |
| State | Azad Kashmir |
| District | Bagh |
| Elevation | 2,000 m (7,000 ft) |
| Languages | |
| Official | Urdu |
| Time zone | PST |