title: Udayakantha Warnasuriya

abstract: Udayakantha Warnasuriya is a Sri Lankan film director, producer, screenwriter and author. Considered to be one of Sri Lanka's best film makers, Warnasuriya has made many movies, including Gini Avi Saha Gini Keli, Rosa Wasanthe, Hiripoda Wassa, Randiya Dahara and Asai Man Piyabanna. By 2018, Warnasuriya had directed 25 films, produced 7 films, wrote 5 film stories, 9 film scripts, 2 film dialogues and 3 film screenplays.

text:
# Udayakantha Warnasuriya

**Udayakantha Warnasuriya** is a Sri Lankan film director, producer, screenwriter and author. Considered to be one of Sri Lanka's best film makers, Warnasuriya has made many movies, including *Gini Avi Saha Gini Keli,* *Rosa Wasanthe*, *Hiripoda Wassa*, *Randiya Dahara* and *Asai Man Piyabanna*.

By 2018, Warnasuriya had directed 25 films, produced 7 films, wrote 5 film stories, 9 film scripts, 2 film dialogues and 3 film screenplays.

## Filmography

### Films

| Year | Title | Director | Producer | Writer | Art Director |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1985 | *Karadiya Walalla* | No | No | Yes | Yes |
| 1997 | *Mahamera Usata* | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| 1998 | *Gini Avi Saha Gini Keli* | Yes | No | Yes | No |
| 1999 | *Bahu Bharya* | Yes |  | Yes | Yes |
| 2000 | *Rajya Sevaya Pinisai* | Yes |  | Yes |  |
| 2001 | *Rosa Wasanthe* | Yes |  | Yes |  |
| 2002 | *Bahubuthayo* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2003 | *Le Kiri Kandulu* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2003 | *Yakada Pihatu* | Yes |  | Yes |  |
| 2004 | *Diya Yata Gindara* | Yes |  | Yes |  |
| 2004 | *Randiya Dahara* | Yes |  | Yes |  |
| 2006 | *Hiripoda Wassa* | Yes |  | Yes |  |
| 2007 | *Asai Man Piyabanna* | Yes |  | Yes |  |
| 2007 | *Ran Kevita* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2009 | *Paya Enna Hiru Se* | Yes |  |  |  |
| 2011 | *Challenges* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2012 | *Kusa Pabha* |  | Yes |  |  |
| 2012 | *Senasuru Maruwa* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2013 | *Ran Kevita 2* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2014 | *Kosthapal Punyasoma* | Yes |  | Yes |  |
| 2015 | *Gindari* (*Bahubuthayo 2*) | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2017 | *Bandhanaya* | Yes | Yes |  |  |
| 2018 | *Madhura Charika* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2018 | *Wassanaye Sanda* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2019 | *President Super Star* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| 2021 | *Ginimal Pokuru* | Yes |  | Yes |  |
| 2024 | *Ridee Seenu* | Yes | Yes | Yes |  |
| TBD | *Gini Avi Saha Gini Keli 2* | Yes | No | Yes | No |

### Teledramas

* *Sagaraya Parada*
* *Diyasuliya*
* *Eka Gei Kurullo*
* *Menik Ketayama*
* *Senehase Geethaya*

## Controversy

In 2017, Warnasuriya was arrested for allegedly making a film to duplicate the performances of veteran film actor Bandu Samarasinghe. The actor made a complaint against Warnasuriya and similar actor Bindu Bothalegama. On a previous occasion, Warnasuriya and four others were summoned. They were released on a surety bail of Rs.10,000.

## Author

Warnasuriya has written two books, based on his popular films.

* *Yakada Pihatu*
* *Wassanaye Sanda*

## InfoBox

| Udayakantha Warnasuriya | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Colombo, Sri Lanka |
| Nationality | Sri Lankan |
| Occupation(s) | Film director, producer, screenwriter |


title: List of companies of Denmark

abstract: Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Europe. The country has a developed mixed economy that is classed as a high-income economy by the World Bank. It ranks 18th in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) per capita and 6th in nominal GDP per capita. Denmark's economy stands out as one of the most free in the Index of Economic Freedom and the Economic Freedom of the World. It is the 13th most competitive economy in the world, and 8th in Europe, according to the World Economic Forum in its Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015. For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations, see "Business entities in Denmark".

text:
# List of companies of Denmark

Denmark is a Scandinavian country in Europe. The country has a developed mixed economy that is classed as a high-income economy by the World Bank. It ranks 18th in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) per capita and 6th in nominal GDP per capita. Denmark's economy stands out as one of the most free in the Index of Economic Freedom and the Economic Freedom of the World. It is the 13th most competitive economy in the world, and 8th in Europe, according to the World Economic Forum in its *Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015*.

For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations, see "Business entities in Denmark".

## Largest firms

This list shows firms in the Fortune Global 500, which ranks firms by total revenues reported before March 31, 2017. Only the top five firms (if available) are included as a sample.

| Rank | Image | Name | 2016 revenues (US$ millions) | Employees | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 298 |  | Maersk | $35,464 | 87,736 | Diversified business conglomerate in Copenhagen, primarily known for industrial transportation and shipping. The firm rose to as high as 106th in 2009, but a drop in revenues of 20% in 2006 has led to the current position. |

## Notable firms

This list includes notable companies with primary headquarters located in the country. The industry and sector follow the Industry Classification Benchmark taxonomy. Organizations which have ceased operations are included and noted as defunct.

Notable companies
Active      State-owned      Defunct
| Name | Industry | Sector | Headquarters | Founded | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Alectia | Industrials | Business support services | Virum | 1912 | Business consulting |
| ALK-Abelló | Health care | Pharmaceuticals | Hørsholm | 1923 | Pharmaceuticals |
| Aller Media | Consumer services | Publishing | Copenhagen | 1873 | Magazines |
| Alm. Brand | Financials | Full line insurance | Copenhagen | 1792 | Financial services |
| Ambu | Health care | Medical equipment | Copenhagen | 1937 | Health care support |
| Arkitema Architects | Industrials | Business support services | Aarhus | 1969 | Architecture |
| Arla Foods | Consumer goods | Food products | Viby J | 2000 | Food cooperative, dairy |
| Arp-Hansen Hotel Group | Consumer services | Hotels | Copenhagen | 1959 | Hotels |
| Bang & Olufsen | Consumer goods | Consumer electronics | Struer | 1925 | Audio, electronics |
| Bestseller A/S | Consumer goods | Clothing & accessories | Brande | 1975 | Clothing |
| Bjarke Ingels Group | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 2005 | Architecture |
| BoConcept | Consumer services | Specialty retailers | Herning | 1952 | Furniture and design |
| Brødrene Hartmann | Industrials | Containers & packaging | Gentofte | 1917 | Packaging |
| C. F. Møller Architects | Industrials | Business support services | Aarhus | 1922 | Architecture |
| Carlsberg Group | Consumer goods | Brewers | Copenhagen | 1847 | Brewing |
| Cembrit | Industrials | Building materials & fixtures | Aalborg | 1927 | Fibre cement manufacturer |
| Chr. Hansen | Consumer goods | Food products | Hørsholm | 1874 | Food, agriculture |
| COBE Architects | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 2005 | Architecture |
| Coloplast | Health care | Medical equipment | Fredensborg | 1957 | Medical devices |
| Coop amba | Consumer services | Food retailers & wholesalers | Copenhagen | 1896 | Supermarkets, formerly FDB |
| Copenhagen Airport | Industrials | Transportation services | Copenhagen | 1925 | Airport |
| Co-Ro Food | Consumer goods | Food products | Frederikssund | 1942 | Food and beverage |
| COWEX | Technology | Software | Gentofte | 1992 | Technology |
| COWI A/S | Industrials | Business support services | Kongens Lyngby | 1930 | Consulting |
| Daloon | Consumer goods | Food products | Nyborg | 1960 | Food processing |
| D/S Norden | Industrials | Marine transportation | Hellerup | 1871 | Shipping |
| Dampskibsselskabet Torm | Industrials | Marine transportation | Copenhagen | 1889 | Shipping |
| Danfoss | Industrials | Industrial machinery | Nordborg | 1933 | Industrial equipment |
| Danisco | Health care | Biotechnology | Copenhagen | 1989 | Biopharma |
| Danish Agro | Industrials | Industrial machinery | Karise | 1901 | Farm supply |
| Danish Crown AmbA | Consumer goods | Food products | Randers | 1998 | Food processing |
| Dansk Supermarked | Consumer services | Broadline retailers | Højbjerg | 1964 | Retail chain |
| Danske Bank | Financials | Banks | Copenhagen | 1871 | Bank |
| Dantherm | Industrials | Industrial machinery | Skive | 1958 | Climate control solutions |
| DFDS | Industrials | Marine transportation | Copenhagen | 1866 | Shipping, logistics |
| Dissing+Weitling | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 1971 | Architecture |
| DLF | Consumer goods | Farming & fishing | Roskilde | 1906 | Seed producer |
| DSB | Industrials | Railroads | Copenhagen | 1885 | Railway |
| DSV | Industrials | Delivery services | Hedehusene | 1976 | Transport and logistics |
| DT Group | Industrials | Building materials & fixtures | Copenhagen | 1896 | Building materials |
| ECCO | Consumer goods | Footwear | Bredebro | 1963 | Shoes |
| Egmont Group | Consumer services | Publishing | Copenhagen | 1878 | Media |
| Falck | Health care | Health care providers | Copenhagen | 1906 | Healthcare |
| FLSmidth | Industrials | Industrial machinery | Copenhagen | 1882 | Engineering |
| Flying Tiger Copenhagen | Consumer services | Braodline retailers | Copenhagen | 1995 | Stores |
| Foss A/S | Industrials | Business support services | Hillerød | 1956 | Food services analytical solutions |
| Global Risk Management | Industrials | Business support services | Middelfart | 2004 | Fuel price risk management |
| GN Store Nord | Health care | Health care providers | Ballerup | 1869 | Audiological diagnostics |
| Grundfos | Industrials | Industrial machinery | Bjerringbro | 1945 | Pumps |
| Gryphon Audio Designs | Consumer goods | Consumer electronics | Ry | 1985 | Audio equipment |
| Haldor Topsoe | Basic materials | Specialty chemicals | Copenhagen | 1940 | Chemicals |
| Hempel Group | Basic materials | Specialty chemicals | Lyngby-Taarbæk | 1915 | Coatings |
| Henning Larsen Architects | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 1959 | Architecture |
| House of Amber | Consumer goods | Clothing & accessories | Copenhagen | 1933 | Jewelry |
| Hummel | Consumer goods | Clothing & accessories | Aarhus | 1923 | Sportswear |
| IC Group | Consumer goods | Clothing & accessories | Copenhagen | 2001 | Clothing |
| IO Interactive | Technology | Software | Copenhagen | 1990 | Video games |
| ISS A/S | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 1901 | Facility services |
| Jet Time | Consumer services | Airlines | Copenhagen | 2006 | Airline, defunct 2020 |
| Jorgensen Engineering | Industrials | Business support services | Odense | 1933 | Engineering |
| Jysk | Consumer services | Specialty retailers | Aarhus | 1979 | Retail chain |
| Jyske Bank | Financials | Banks | Silkeborg | 1967 | bank |
| Kemp & Lauritzen | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 1882 | Engineering |
| Kopenhagen Fur | Consumer goods | Clothing & accessories | Copenhagen | 1930 | Fur coop |
| LastObject | Consumer goods | Personal products | Copenhagen | 2016 | Sustainable personal care products |
| Leo Pharma | Health care | Pharmaceuticals | Copenhagen | 1908 | Pharmaceuticals |
| LM Glasfiber | Industrials | Industrial machinery | Lunderskov | 1940 | Wind power equipment |
| Louis Poulsen | Industrials | Building materials & fixtures | Copenhagen | 1874 | Lighting |
| Lundbeck | Health care | Pharmaceuticals | Copenhagen | 1915 | Pharmaceuticals |
| Lundgaard & Tranberg | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 1983 | Architecture |
| Maersk | Conglomerates | Ocean and inland freight transportation | Copenhagen | 1904 | Transportation, energy |
| Martin Professional | Industrials | Building materials & fixtures | Aarhus | 1987 | Lighting |
| Matas | Consumer services | Drug retailers | Allerød | 1949 | Drug stores |
| Netcompany | Technology | Software | Copenhagen | 1999 | Software consultancy |
| NKT Holding | Conglomerates | \- | Copenhagen | 1891 | Conglomerate |
| NNIT | Technology | Software | Gladsaxe | 1994 | Software consultancy |
| Nordic Adult Entertainment | Consumer goods | Recreational products | Copenhagen | 1972 | Pornographic magazines |
| Nordisk Film | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Copenhagen | 1906 | Film studio |
| North Media | Consumer services | Publishing | Gladsaxe | 1978 | Media group |
| North Sea Capital | Financials | Financial services | Copenhagen | 2001 | Private equity advising |
| Novo Nordisk | Health care | Pharmaceuticals | Copenhagen | 1923 | Pharmaceuticals |
| Novozymes | Health care | Biotechnology | Copenhagen | 2000 | Biotech |
| Nykredit | Financials | Financial services | Copenhagen | 1985 | Financial services |
| Ørsted | Utilities | Conventional electricity | Fredericia | 2006 | Power and natural gas |
| Pandora (jewelry) | Consumer goods | Jewellery Retailer | Copenhagen | 1982 | Jewellery |
| Parken Sport & Entertainment | Consumer services | Recreational services | Copenhagen | 1992 | Sports |
| Pharma Nord | Health care | Pharmaceuticals | Vejle | 1981 | Pharmaceuticals |
| Pharmacosmos | Health care | Pharmaceuticals | Holbæk | 1965 | Pharmaceuticals |
| Phase One | Consumer goods | Recreational products | Copenhagen | 1993 | Photography |
| Plesner | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 1918 | Law firm |
| Post Danmark | Industrials | Delivery services | Copenhagen | 1624 | Postal |
| Ramboll | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 1945 | Engineering |
| Roskilde Forsyning | Utilities | Conventional electricity | Roskilde | 2000 | Local utility company |
| Royal Copenhagen | Consumer goods | Durable household products | Copenhagen | 1775 | Porcelain |
| Royal Unibrew | Consumer goods | Brewers | Faxe | 1989 | Brewery |
| Sampension | Financials | Asset managers | Copenhagen | 1945 | Financial services |
| Santa Fe Group | Industrials | Logistics | Copenhagen | 1897 | Logistics |
| Saxo Bank | Financials | Banks | Copenhagen | 1992 | Financial services |
| Scandinavian Tobacco Group | Consumer goods | Tobacco | Copenhagen | 1961 | Tobacco |
| Schmidt Hammer Lassen | Industrials | Business support services | Copenhagen | 1986 | Architecture |
| Select Sport | Consumer goods | Recreational products | Copenhagen | 1947 | Sporting goods |
| Simonsen & Weel | Health care | Medical equipment | Vallensbæk | 1817 | health sector equipment |
| STYLEPIT | Consumer services | Apparel retailers | Copenhagen | 2000 | Fashion retailer |
| Stibo | Technology | Enterprise software | Århus | 1794 | International information management |
| TDC A/S | Telecommunications | Fixed line telecommunications | Copenhagen | 1879 | Telecommunications |
| Terma A/S | Industrials | Aerospace | Lystrup | 1949 | Defense, aerospace |
| The Lego Group | Consumer goods | Toys | Billund | 1932 | Plastic bricks |
| Thorco Shipping | Industrials | Marine transportation | Copenhagen | 2003 | Shipping |
| Tryg | Financials | Full line insurance | Copenhagen | 2002 | Financial services |
| Tuborg Brewery | Consumer goods | Brewers | Fredericia | 1873 | Brewery, part of Carlsberg Group |
| United Shipping & Trading Company | Industrials | Marine transportation | Middelfart | 1876 | Shipping |
| VELUX | Industrials | Building materials & fixtures | Hørsholm | 1941 | Windows |
| Vestas | Industrials | Industrial machinery | Aarhus | 1945 | Wind turbines |
| Welltec | Oil & gas | Oil equipment & services | Allerød | 1994 | Oil and gas wells |
| Widex | Health care | Medical equipment | Lynge | 1956 | Hearing aids |
| William Demant | Health care | Health care providers | Ledøje-Smørum | 1904 | Health care |
| Zentropa | Consumer services | Broadcasting & entertainment | Hvidovre | 1992 | Film studio |


title: Virginia Huntington Robie

abstract: Virginia Huntington Robie was an American writer and academic. She was the editor and author of several publications, including The Century Magazine and House & Garden.

text:
# Virginia Huntington Robie

**Virginia Huntington Robie** (October 18, 1868 – April 1, 1957) was an American writer and academic. She was the editor and author of several publications, including *The Century Magazine* and *House & Garden*.

## Life and career

Robie was born in Rollinsford, New Hampshire, to Thomas Sargent Robie and Virginia Dare Pendleton. Her mother was a native of Camden, Maine. Her parents married in her father's hometown of Gorham, Maine, on September 21, 1859. Robie was the third of their four known children, born after Thomas Sargent Jr. and Lewis Pendleton, and before George Pendleton.

She received her preparatory education at Newberry Seminary in Boston, Massachusetts, amongst several other public and private institutions. She later attended the School of Decorative Design and Applied Ornament at the Art Institute of Chicago.

Robie wrote *Studies of Art in American Life–V: An American Aristocracy* in a 1901 edition of *Brush & Pencil*.

In 1903, she became the associate editor for *House Beautiful*, a role in which she remained for the next decade. Between 1913 and 1924, she was the department editor for *Keith* magazine.

Her father died in Chicago on March 25, 1906; her mother in 1929, aged 91 or 92.

### Writing

Robie was the author of several books, including *Historical Styles in Furniture* (1904 and 1916), *By-paths in Collecting* (1912), *Quest of the Quaint* (1916–1927), *Sketches of Manatee* (1920), *The New Architectural Development in Florida* (1922), *The Story of Coral Gavels* (1923), *A Century of Miniature Painting* (1939), *Baroque: A Second Blooming* (1941), *Looking Backward* (1947) and the semi-autobiographical *Pennyroyal* (1953).

She also wrote children's plays, fairytales, book reviews, as well as contributing to *Country Life*, *The Century Magazine*, *International Studio*, *House & Garden*, *Ladies' Home Journal*, the *World Book Encyclopedia* and *Légion d'honneur.*

### Education

In 1928, Robie became an associate of Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida, at the request of Hamilton Holt. She later became the college's interior designer (notable of Pugsley Hall and Mayflower Hall) while doubling as its assistant professor of art between 1932 and 1938. She became associate professor of art between 1938 and 1944. Upon her retirement, she was awarded the title of Professor Emeritus of Art, an honor she held for the rest of her life.

She received the Algernon Sydney Sullivan medallion in 1935 for her work at Rollins.

## Death

Robie died on April 1, 1957, aged 88. She had been living with her last surviving brother, Thomas, in Fort Myers, Florida. She is interred in Oakridge-Glen Oak Cemetery in Hillside, Illinois, alongside her parents.

## InfoBox

| Virginia Huntington Robie | |
| --- | --- |
| Robie pictured around 1930 | |
| Born | (1868-10-18)October 18, 1868
Rollinsford, New Hampshire, U.S. |
| Died | April 1, 1957(1957-04-01) (aged 88)
Fort Myers, Florida, U.S. |
| Occupation(s) | Author, lecturer |


title: Trivirostra bocki

abstract: Trivirostra bocki is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Triviidae, the false cowries or trivias.

text:
# Trivirostra bocki

***Trivirostra bocki*** is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Triviidae, the false cowries or trivias.

## InfoBox

| *Trivirostra bocki* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Littorinimorpha |
| Family: | Triviidae |
| Genus: | *Trivirostra* |
| Species: | ***T. bocki*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Trivirostra bocki***<br>Schilder & M. Schilder, 1944 | |
|


title: Tewkesbury School

abstract: Tewkesbury Academy is a secondary school in the English town of Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire. It has been an academy since 2012; in July 2023 its name was changed to reflect this. Since 2022 the head teacher has been Kathleen McGillycuddy.

text:
# Tewkesbury School

**Tewkesbury Academy** (previously Tewkesbury School) is a secondary school in the English town of Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire. It has been an academy since 2012; in July 2023 its name was changed to reflect this. Since 2022 the head teacher has been Kathleen McGillycuddy.

## History

### 20th century

The school was the product of the decision taken in 1969 to make Tewkesbury switch to comprehensive secondary education.

Formerly, Tewkesbury had had four secondary schools:

* the Grammar School for Boys, located at Southwick Park to the south of the town (later offices of the Severn-Trent Water Authority's Lower Severn Division, after that Equinox Maintenance Limited and now Cambian Southwick Park School - a residential school for autistic pupils)
* the Grammar School for Girls, known as the "High School", in Church Street (later the Abbey School, now private premises under development)
* the Secondary Modern School for Boys in Chance Street (now the C of E Primary School) and
* Elmbury Secondary Modern School for Girls, a modern premises on the Ashchurch Road, opened in 1960.

It was the latter whose buildings were chosen to form the nucleus of a new Tewkesbury Comprehensive School, with all of the town's secondary education being concentrated on the one site, and the former schools closing.

After a major building programme, enlarging the old Elmbury School to several times its original size, the new comprehensive, known as Tewkesbury School, was opened on 5 September 1972 with about 1,200 pupils on its books, and John C. Faull as its first head teacher.

The official opening took place on 16 November 1972, performed by Professor Dorothy Hodgkin (1910–1994), Chancellor of the University of Bristol from 1970 till 1988, winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1964 and the Copley Medal from the Royal Society in 1976.

### 21st century

The most recent Ofsted inspection in November 2021 saw the school retain a "Good" rating, stating that "Leaders have raised expectations of academic standards in the school. Pupils are resilient and do not give up. Pupils attend school regularly".

The school previously gained both Sportsmark and Artsmark awards, whilst also qualifying as an Investor in People.

The school canteen has seen many different changes over the years, with catering currently provided by Aramark.

A sled used as part of the famous Antarctic expedition to the South Pole by Captain Robert Falcon Scott and his team, formerly on display in the former Boys' Grammar School's dining hall, is housed in the Humanities building at Tewkesbury Academy due to the school's links with Dr. Edward Adrian Wilson. The sled had been donated to the Grammar School by Sir Raymond Priestley who was born in Tewkesbury and who participated in the Antarctic Expeditions of Shackleton and Scott.

In July 2011, John Reilly resigned from headteacher to be replaced by Martin McLeman as interim headteacher. In July 2011, it was announced that Gary Watson, formerly headteacher at Maidenhill School, Stroud, would take over the position from January 2012.

Gary Watson retired as headteacher in August 2022. Kathleen McGillycuddy, formerly principal of Broadoak Academy, Weston-super-Mare, became the headteacher on 1 September 2022.

As of 2023, the senior team consists of headteacher Kathleen McGillycuddy, deputy head Clare de Glanville, and assistant heads Angela Parker and Vivienne Whiting.

On 10 July 2023, police were called to the school following reports that a pupil had attacked a teacher. A teenage boy was arrested and the teacher was admitted to hospital with "suspected stab wounds."

## Notable former pupils

## InfoBox

| Tewkesbury Academy | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | |
|  | |
| Ashchurch Road
Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, GL20 8DF
England | |
| Coordinates | 51°59′46″N 2°07′56″W / 51.99602°N 2.13222°W / 51.99602; -2.13222 |
| Information | |
| Type | Academy |
| Motto | Expecting and achieving success |
| Established | c. 1972 |
| Department for Education URN | 137752 Tables |
| Ofsted | Reports |
| Chair of Governors | Steve Hawkins |
| Head Teacher | Kathleen McGillycuddy |
| Gender | Both |
| Age | 11 to 18 |
| Enrolment | 1,400 |
| Houses | Bronte; Brunel; Elgar; Hodgkin; Keller; Priestley |
| Website | tewkesburyschool.org |


title: List of Time Warp episodes

abstract: This is an episode list of the popular science television program Time Warp, which aired on the Discovery Channel.

text:
# List of Time Warp episodes

This is an **episode list** of the popular science television program *Time Warp*, which aired on the Discovery Channel.

## Series overview

| Season | Episodes | Start date | End date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 20 | March 18, 2008 | Unknown |
| 2 | 11 | April 8, 2009 | June 24, 2009 |
| 3 | 3 | October 14, 2009 | October 28, 2009 |
|

## Episodes

### Season 1 (2008)

| No. overall | No. in season | Title | Description | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | 0 | Pilot | An introduction to high-speed cameras, what happens to us when we get punched, how sound waves break glass, and how dogs really drink water. | March 18, 2008 |
| 1 | 1 | Stone Breaking | "Breaking stone slabs, Diet Coke and Mentos geysers, Frisbee dog." | October 15, 2008 |
| 2 | 2 | Will It Blend? | "Juggling balls to chainsaws, blending things you shouldn't, breaking a beer bottle bare-handed." | October 15, 2008 |
| 3 | 3 | Dry Ice Bomb | "Throwing water on a grease fire, the power of dry ice, the wonders of soap bubbles, a tablecloth pull trick." | October 22, 2008 |
| 4 | 4 | Fuel Girls | "The Fuel Girls' fiery breath, skateboard champion Greg Lutzka's killer kick flips, and Russ Byars' world record winning stone-skipping technique." | October 22, 2008 |
| 5 | 5 | Taser | What happens when you're hit by a taser gun, "how a pole vaulter defies gravity for a record-making jump, and how a jack hammer pounds the pavement...and the body." | October 29, 2008 |
| 6 | 6 | Human Crash Dummy | Cameras capture human crash test dummy Rusty Haight as he helps the state police by intentionally crashing his car for science. Two young archers take their best shot William Tell style. | October 29, 2008 |
| 7 | 7 | Samurai Sword Master | The secrets behind a samurai swordsman's lethal blow, a pool pro's award-winning moves, and the inner workings of a hummingbird. Plus, the artful side of an accident with tempered glass. | November 5, 2008 |
| 8 | 8 | Free Runner | The art and the science behind a gravity-defying free runner, the strange solid liquid non-Newtonian fluid, and the beauty of water droplets. | November 5, 2008 |
| 9 | 9 | Bull Whip | The sonic boom of a bull whip, no two wet dogs shake exactly alike, and a Boston Bruins' star puts two hockey sticks to the test. | November 12, 2008 |
| 10 | 10 | Liquid Nitrogen | The freezing power of liquid nitrogen, stopping bullets with "Dragon Skin", and lighting up fireworks. | November 12, 2008 |
| 11 | 11 | Break-dancing | "The destructive force of power tools, the seemingly physics-bending motions of break-dancing, and why a bullet fired underwater goes askew." | November 19, 2008 |
| 12 | 12 | Paintball | Storm-blown glass, make a mess with paintballs, serve up a flaming cocktail with some trick bartenders, and spring into action with the Yo Yo Pros. | November 19, 2008 |
| 13 | 13 | Cheerleading | Shoot skeets with an Olympian, capture the airborne acrobatics of Boston College cheerleaders, and find out how a baseball can break a hard baseball bat. | November 26, 2008 |
| 14 | 14 | Trial Bikes | The stunts of two urban bike riders, the athletic precision of an ice skater, and the tricks of a cardthrower whose 90 mph focused toss can chop vegetables and put out candles. | November 26, 2008 |
| 15 | 15 | Sharpshooter | An Old West Champion Sharpshooter, get cooking with the Feasty Boys, look at things differently with a Schlieren camera, and try their hand at a three-bladed boomerang. | December 3, 2008 |
| 16 | 16 | Barefooter | A world-class "barefooter" as he twists and turns across the water without skis, more razor-sharp cutting with a Samurai martial arts expert, a drummer with a world speed record, and Jeff's electrifying new art project. | December 3, 2008 |
| 17 | 17 | Stuntmen | What really happens in a movie fight scene, the secret behind bowling a strike, and the noisemakers behind a cicada and a rattlesnake. | December 10, 2008 |
| 18 | 18 | Body Modification | The pain of body modification, the energy flow of a Wushu master, quick-stepping tap dancers, and what happens to a firecracker in a wine glass. | December 10, 2008 |
| 19 | 19 | Mouse Trap | Trap-testing with Rev. Tommy Gunn and the high-flying Cirque du Soleil, exploring their inner stuntmen, and capturing the sophisticated simplicity of making music and weed-whacking. | December 17, 2008 |
| 20 | 20 | Lawn Tools | Putting various items through a lawn mower and wood chipper; Cirque Du Soleil rehearsal. | Unknown |

### Season 2 (2009)

| No. overall | No. in season | Title | Description | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 21 | 1 | Blades and Volts | The Time Warp team takes to the skies and goes to the edge with chutes, blades and megadoses of electricity in the Season 2 premiere. | April 8, 2009 |
| 22 | 2 | Slings, Rockets and Sticks | The Time Warp team gets into the swing of things with a medieval catapult, rockets, and the fine art of stick fighting. | April 15, 2009 |
| 23 | 3 | Air Bags, Sparks, Ropes and Rings | Air bags put to the test; kitchen disasters re-created; the anatomy of sparks revealed; champion rope jumpers and real wrestling. | April 22, 2009 |
| 24 | 4 | Heavy Metal, Motorcross and Chain Saws (a.k.a. Metallica) | Metallica band members and heavy metal legends get "warped." A chainsaw artist chews things up and down and dirty with dirt bikes. The team turns it up to 11 with Metallica. | April 29, 2009 |
| 25 | 5 | Splashes, Guns and Bikes | Darren "Professor Splash" Taylor takes the plunge. Having a blast with vintage machine guns. Plus, hanging 10 with a motorcycle surfer. | May 6, 2009 |
| 26 | 6 | Snakes, Sumo and Bocks | Up close with deadly snakes; the Boston Fire Department fires things up; a throwdown with sumo wrestlers and jumping with powerbockers. | May 13, 2009 |
| 27 | 7 | Goop, Goo, Glop and Germs | Bathroom dangers; the world of water drops; the way germs spread; Feasty Boys and Zoz Brooks prepare meals, and competitive eaters chow down. | May 27, 2009 |
| 28 | 8 | Arrows, Dogs, Strong Men and Yo-Yos | A martial arts expert catches arrows barehanded; champion dogs show off; professional strongmen perform feats of strength; and a supersized yo-yo. | June 3, 2009 |
| 29 | 9 | Hot Stuff and Cold Steel | Military weapons and awesome firepower; seeing how household items can be used as weapons. Pyro-technicians perform amazing feats with fire. | June 10, 2009 |
| 30 | 10 | Las Vegas: Warped | Penn and Teller show a few tricks of their trade; the Fuel Girls demonstrate amazing new fire stunts; a behind-the-scenes tour of Cirque du Soleil's "O." | June 17, 2009 |
| 31 | 11 | Big Cats and Mixed Martial Arts | The power of very big cats; mixed martial arts champions perform; Zoz Brooks experiments with "instant science"; magicians Dan Buck and Dave Buck share a few card tricks and show you how to cheat at playing cards. | June 24, 2009 |

### Season 3 (2009)

| No. overall | No. in season | Title | Description | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 32 | 1 | Coasters, Cars, Cups and Cans | Riding one of the tallest roller coasters; Car stunts performed; Kid sport stacking champions; Paddleball champion plays; Steel tanker crushed. | October 14, 2009 |
| 33 | 2 | Blue Men, Propellers, Big Bangs and Viewer Requests | Blue Man Group visits. The realm of fluid dynamics. The science of propellers. Viewer requests. | October 21, 2009 |
| 34 | 3 | Car Crushing, Lumber Jacks and Skateboards | A car-crushing machine is tested; magnets are used to induce collisions; a lesson in lumberjacking; skateboard legend Danny Way gets ramped up. | October 28, 2009 |


title: Eutrypanus

abstract:
Eutrypanus is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:
  - Eutrypanus dorsalis
  - Eutrypanus mucoreus
  - Eutrypanus signaticornis
  - Eutrypanus tessellatus White, 1855
  - Eutrypanus triangulifer Erichson, 1847

text:
# Eutrypanus

***Eutrypanus*** is a genus of beetles in the family Cerambycidae, containing the following species:

## InfoBox

| *Eutrypanus* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Eutrypanus triangulifer* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Tribe: | Acanthocinini |
| Genus: | *Eutrypanus* |
|


title: Pegwn Mawr

abstract: Pegwn Mawr is a mountain in Powys, Mid Wales, east of Llanidloes. It is 586 m (1,922 ft) high. It is surrounded by a wind farm. There is a trig point (pictured)

text:
# Pegwn Mawr

**Pegwn Mawr** is a mountain in Powys, Mid Wales, east of Llanidloes. It is 586 m (1,922 ft) high. It is surrounded by a wind farm. There is a trig point (pictured)

52°25′12″N 3°26′17″W / 52.42003°N 3.43806°W / 52.42003; -3.43806

## InfoBox

| Pegwn Mawr | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 586 m (1,923 ft) |
| Prominence | 300 m (980 ft) |
| Parent peak | Plynlimon |
| Listing | Marilyn |
| Naming | |
| English translation | Large pole |
| Language of name | Welsh |
| Pronunciation | Welsh: \[ˈpɛɡʊn ˈmaur\] |
| Geography | |
|  | |
| Location | Powys, Wales |
| Parent range | Cambrian Mountains |
| OS grid | SO023812 |


title: Udung-Uko

abstract: Udung-Uko is a local government area in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. It was created in December 1996. Udung Uko is one of the Oro language speaking local government areas of Akwa Ibom State bounded by Mbo, Akwa Ibom to the south, Oron, Akwa Ibom to the north, Urue-Offong/Oruko to the west and the Cross River Estuary to the east.

text:
# Udung-Uko

**Udung-Uko** is a local government area in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. It was created in December 1996.

Udung Uko is one of the Oro language speaking local government areas of Akwa Ibom State bounded by Mbo, Akwa Ibom to the south, Oron, Akwa Ibom to the north, Urue-Offong/Oruko to the west and the Cross River Estuary to the east.

## History

In December 1996 **Udung Uko LGA** was carved out of Oron, Akwa Ibom. Esuk Usung served as the entry point for the Nigerian Army during the Nigeria Civil war of 1967 to 1970 with Biafra.

## Clans and settlement

Udung Uko is made up of two (2) out of the nine (9) Oron people clans (Afaha) with the Oro language as its original language. Udung Uko has 42 organised villages which is split into 10 political wards, with capital at Eyofin. The two clans include

**Afaha Okpo Clan** which includes forty (40) towns and villages;

**Afaha Ubodung Clan** consist of two Villages which include

## Geography And Population

With mainly an agrarian rural population of 53,060 and a total land area of 112 km2 (excluding territorial waters). **Udung Uko** is in the tropical region and has a uniformly high temperature all the year round. The two main seasons are the dry which spans between October and April and wet season which starts around May and ends in September. There are also two prevailing winds – the South-West onshore winds which brings heavy rains and the North- East trade winds blowing across the Sahara Desert, which brings in the dry season.

## Economy

**Udung Uko LGA** has rich deposits of crude oil and salt with the area hosting a number of crude oil mining firms. Fishing is also a crucial economic enterprise in Udung Uko LGA with the area's rivers and streams being rich in seafood. Other important economic activities of the dwellers of Udung Uko LGA include farming, making of canoes and wood carving.

It has a beach market at Esuk Usung, where fishermen from Ilaje, Cameroon, Ghana, and indigenes alike who return from fishing expeditions display their wares for sale, in addition to other water ways and fronts like Esuk Okong, Esuk Edet Edem, and Atakibang from which commercial quantity of fine sand and gravels are extracted. Atakibang, so called, directly faces both the lighthouse (ibang) on the riverbed of Oron river, as well as Parrot island (Uko Ubo Akpa).

## InfoBox

| Udung-Uko Akai OroOron East | |
| --- | --- |
| LGA | |
| Udung-UkoLocation in Nigeria | |
| Coordinates: 4°46′0″N 8°14′0″E / 4.76667°N 8.23333°E / 4.76667; 8.23333 | |
| Country | Nigeria |
| State | Akwa Ibom State |
| Capital | Eyofin |
| Government | |
| Chairman | Hon. Atanang Asuquo Osung |
| Area | |
| Total | 26.55 sq mi (68.76 km2) |
| Population (2022) | |
| Total | 67,700 |
| Density | 2,600/sq mi (980/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (WAT) |
| Postal Code | 523 |
| Area code(s) | 523105, 523106. |
|  | |


title: List of companies of Dominica

text:
# List of companies of Dominica

Dominica is a sovereign island country. Bananas and other agriculture dominate Dominica's economy, and nearly one-third of the labour force works in agriculture. This sector, however, is highly vulnerable to weather conditions and to external events affecting commodity prices. In 2007, Hurricane Dean caused significant damage to the agricultural sector as well as the country's infrastructure, especially roads. In response to reduced European Union (EU) banana trade preferences, the government has diversified the agricultural sector by promoting the production of coffee, patchouli, aloe vera, cut flowers, and exotic fruits such as mango, guava, and papaya.

## Notable firms

This list includes notable companies with primary headquarters located in the country. The industry and sector follow the Industry Classification Benchmark taxonomy. Organizations which have ceased operations are included and noted as defunct.

Notable companies
Active      State-owned      Defunct
| Name | Industry | Sector | Headquarters | Founded | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| National Bank of Dominica | Financials | Banks | Roseau | 1976 | Commercial bank |
| Swiss Mutual Fund | Financials | Equity investment instruments | Roseau | 1948 | Defunct 2007 |
| *The Chronicle (Dominica)* | Consumer services | Publishing | Roseau | 1909 | Daily newspaper |


title: Virginia Indigent Defense Commission

abstract: The Virginia Indigent Defense Commission (VIDC) provides legal defense to those accused of crimes unable to afford a private lawyer. VIDC operates 28 offices across the Commonwealth of Virginia. VIDC also manages the certification of public defenders and court-appointed attorneys throughout Virginia and provides training to defense attorneys. VIDC relies on a non-traditional "holistic" approach that also sees attorneys arranging social supports, addiction services and other assistance for those accused of crime, to reduce recidivism rates.

text:
# Virginia Indigent Defense Commission

The **Virginia Indigent Defense Commission (VIDC)** provides legal defense to those accused of crimes unable to afford a private lawyer. VIDC operates 28 offices across the Commonwealth of Virginia. VIDC also manages the certification of public defenders and court-appointed attorneys throughout Virginia and provides training to defense attorneys.

VIDC relies on a non-traditional "holistic" approach that also sees attorneys arranging social supports, addiction services and other assistance for those accused of crime, to reduce recidivism rates.

## History

### Public Defender Commission (1972–2004)

In 1972, the Virginia General Assembly piloted two Public Defender offices to determine if they would work better than appointing private attorneys to cases with indigent clients. The Staunton office was opened first, followed by the Virginia Beach office a few months later. The first chief public defender of the Staunton office, Coy M. Kiser, Jr. started the office with one investigator, a secretary, and two part-time assistant public defenders. Kiser was appointed to a judgeship two years later and was replaced by William E. Bobbitt, who served in the Staunton office for over thirty years.

### Virginia Indigent Defense Commission (2004–present)

Following the American Bar Association's "scathing report on the state of indigent defense in Virginia", the VIDC was established by statute in 2004 and replaced the Public Defender Commission. The VIDC replaced court-appointed lawyers in death penalty cases with full-time public defenders. David Johnson was named Executive Director of the agency in 2005.

In 2020, several VIDC employees attended a protest in Portsmouth and three were charged with felony vandalism of a Confederate monument, alongside state senator Louise Lucas, and three NAACP representatives. Judge Claire G. Cardwell dismissed the charges in November 2020. Cardwell determined that police went around prosecutors to file charges and attempted to prevent Commonwealth's Attorney Stephanie Morales from prosecuting the case by subpoenaing her as a witness. The three public defenders and eight others received settlement checks from the city for $15,000 each.

In March 2021, Virginia banned capital punishment and VIDC announced that the capital defense offices located in Vienna, Norfolk, Roanoke, and Richmond would close.

In September 2022, Maria Jankowski was promoted from Deputy Executive Director of VIDC to Executive Director after David Johnson retired. Timothy Coyne, the former Chief Public Defender for the Winchester and Front Royal offices, was named to replace Jankowski as Deputy Executive Director of the commission.

In 2023 it was revealed that some of the offices were struggling with workload, with 30% fewer lawyers than expected and each one handling up to 200 cases. As of November 2023, VIDC had 28 offices that were staffed to cover approximately 72% of the court-appointed caseload.

## Locations

## Notable employees and former employees

## InfoBox

Virginia Indigent Defense Commission
| Organization overview | |
| --- | --- |
| Formed | 1972 as the Public Defender Commission |
| Preceding Organization | * Public Defender Commission |
| Jurisdiction | Commonwealth of Virginia |
| Headquarters | 200-1604 Santa Rosa Rd,<br>Richmond, Virginia, 23229 |
| Organization executive | * Maria Jankowski, Executive Director |
| Parent Organization | Virginia General Assembly |
| Website | www.vadefenders.org |


title: Trot

abstract: The trot is a two-beat diagonal horse gait where the diagonal pairs of legs move forward at the same time with a moment of suspension between each beat. It has a wide variation in possible speeds, but averages about 13 kilometres per hour (8.1 mph). A very slow trot is sometimes referred to as a jog. An extremely fast trot has no special name, but in harness racing, the trot of a Standardbred is faster than the gallop of the average non-racehorse, and has been clocked at over 30 miles per hour (48 km/h). On June 29, 2014, at Pocono Downs in Pennsylvania the Swedish standardbred Sebastian K trotted a mile in 1 minute, 49 seconds. This is equivalent to a 1000-pace in 1.07,7 or 53.14 kilometers per hour or 33 miles per hour. From the standpoint of the balance of the horse, the trot is a very stable gait and does not require the horse to make major balancing motions with its head and neck. Due to its many variations, the trot is a common gait that the horse is worked in for dressage. Eadweard Muybridge was the first to prove, by photography, in 1872 that there is a "moment of suspension" or "unsupported transit" during the trot gait.

text:
# Trot

The **trot** is a two-beat diagonal horse gait where the diagonal pairs of legs move forward at the same time with a moment of suspension between each beat. It has a wide variation in possible speeds, but averages about 13 kilometres per hour (8.1 mph). A very slow trot is sometimes referred to as a **jog**. An extremely fast trot has no special name, but in harness racing, the trot of a Standardbred is faster than the gallop of the average non-racehorse, and has been clocked at over 30 miles per hour (48 km/h).

On June 29, 2014, at Pocono Downs in Pennsylvania the Swedish standardbred Sebastian K trotted a mile in 1 minute, 49 seconds (quarters were passed at 26:2, 55:3 and 1,21:4). This is equivalent to a 1000-pace in 1.07,7 or 53.14 kilometers per hour or 33 miles per hour.

From the standpoint of the balance of the horse, the trot is a very stable gait and does not require the horse to make major balancing motions with its head and neck. Due to its many variations, the trot is a common gait that the horse is worked in for dressage.

Eadweard Muybridge was the first to prove, by photography, in 1872 that there is a "moment of suspension" or "unsupported transit" during the trot gait.

## Types

Depending on the amount of engagement and collection of the horse, the trot can generally be classified as "working", "collected", or "extended". By the rhythm, one may distinguish a true, two-beat **square trot** when each diagonal pair of hoofs hits the ground at the same moment from a four-beat intermediate ambling gait, such as the fox trot or the "trocha" sometimes seen in the Paso Fino.

Different speeds and types of trots are described by the following terms:

* **Jog trot**, as seen in western horses, is a slow, relaxed trot lacking the suspension of a working trot and with shorter strides. It is easy to ride because there is less "bounce". The head of the horse is carried low while the hindquarters are engaged and underneath the horse, and there is less impulsion than in a dressage-style collected trot.
* **Collected trot**: A very engaged trot where most of the horse's weight is carried toward the hindquarters. The frame is compressed and the stride length is shorter than any of the other trots with the horse taking higher steps. The horse is lighter and more mobile in the collected trot.
* **Slow trot** (harness) or **Road gait** (roadster): Is slower than a working trot, but faster than a jog trot. This gait is one of the gaits used in harness classes at horse shows.
* **Working trot** or **Trot**: The stride length (note: some breeds have naturally varied strides) is "normal" for the horse and is the natural trot of the horse when under saddle. It is a gait between the collected trot and medium trot.
* **Medium trot**: A trot that is more engaged and rounder than the working trot with moderately extended strides and good, solid impulsion. The medium trot lies between the working and the extended trot.
* **Park trot**: Sometimes simply called a **Trot** in a given class and seen in saddle seat and fine harness classes for Saddlebreds, Arabians and Morgans. It is a showy, flashy trot with extreme elevation of the knees (forearm is horizontal or higher and the hind legs are extremely flexed). The head is held high and at times a horse may hollow its back and lose cadence in an attempt to achieve high action in front. The hindquarters must be engaged for it to be properly performed.
* **Lengthened trot**: A trot with lengthened strides. It differs from the more advanced extended trot in that it does not require the horse to bring its weight as far back on its hindquarters.
* **Road trot** or **Show at Speed**: As seen in roadster classes, is a gait similar to a racing trot, but much slower (suitable for an arena setting). The horse's head is collected, the stride is at maximum length, and the step is high and animated.
* **Extended trot**: An engaged trot with long strides where the horse stretches its frame and lengthens its strides to the greatest degree possible. The horse has a great amount of suspension. The back is round and the horse's head just in front and vertical.
* **Racing trot**: As seen in harness racing horses that race at a trot, such as Standardbred. The stride is at its maximum length with a great deal of suspension. The hind leg in a diagonal pair may begin to hit the ground before the front. Unlike the extended trot, the neck is not round but is extended out. As of September 2013, the North American speed record for a racing trot under saddle at one mile is 1:59, or 30.25 miles per hour (48.68 km/h)

### Haute Ecole variations on the trot

Two variations of the trot are specially trained in advanced dressage horses: the Piaffe and the Passage. The Piaffe is essentially created by asking the horse to trot in place, with very little forward motion. The Passage (rhymes with "massage") is an exaggerated slow motion trot. Both require tremendous collection, careful training and considerable physical conditioning for a horse to perform.

## Riding technique

Depending on the horse and its speed, a trot can be difficult for a rider to sit because the body of the horse actually drops slightly between beats and bounces up again when the next set of legs strike the ground. Each time another diagonal pair of legs hits the ground, the rider can be jolted upwards out of the saddle and meet the horse with some force on the way back down. Therefore, at most speeds above a jog, especially in English riding disciplines, most riders *post* to the trot, rising up and down in rhythm with the horse to avoid being jolted. Posting is easy on the horse's back, and once mastered is also easy on the rider.

To not be jostled out of the saddle and to not harm the horse by bouncing on its back, riders must learn specific skills in order to sit the trot. Most riders learn to sit a slow jog trot without bouncing. A skilled rider can ride a powerfully extended trot without bouncing, but to do so requires well-conditioned back and abdominal muscles, and to do so for long periods is tiring for even experienced riders. A fast, uncollected, racing trot, such as that of the harness racing horse, is virtually impossible to sit.

Because the trot is such a safe and efficient gait for a horse, learning to ride the trot correctly is an important component in almost all equestrian disciplines, particularly for equitation riders. "Gaited" or "ambling" horses, which have smooth 4-beat intermediate gaits that replace or supplement the trot, are popular with riders who prefer for various reasons not to have to ride at a trot.

There are three ways the trot may be ridden:

* **Sitting**: The rider's seat remains in the saddle the whole time while following the motion of the horse and without bouncing. This is required for show ring western riding and preferred in dressage, especially at the upper levels. Sitting the trot gives the rider optimum control, because he or she can use the seat and weight to ask the horse to make upward or downward transitions, turns, and/or to decrease or increase impulsion. It is also a test of equitation by proving that the rider can quietly move with the horse. The jog, which is the preferred gait of western horses, is generally smoother and less-bouncy than the working and extended trot of the English-style horse. Sitting can be very tiring for the rider, especially if performed by riders who have not built up their stomach and back muscles, or if riders are on an extremely powerful mount with a big trot. To sit the trot, there is a slight forward and back movement of the lower back and stomach as the rider's hips follow both the up and down and side-to-side motion of the horse. To absorb the impact of the trot, the rider relaxes through the hips and the stomach and lower back, as well as the legs. The rider's upper body remains upright and quiet. The rider's hands remain steady. The lower legs remain relaxed and only come into play when the rider gives a leg aid. If a rider cannot sit the trot and is bounced around, the rising trot is preferable, because not only is the rider uncomfortable, the constant slamming of the rider onto the horse is uncomfortable for the horse. As a result, it will hollow its back and stiffen its movement.
* **Rising or Posting**: The rider makes an up-and-down movement each stride, rising out of the saddle for one beat and lowering (sits) for the second beat. When the rising trot is performed correctly, it is comfortable for the rider and easy on the horse. This is preferred for show jumping, hunt seat, eventing (the jumping phases), saddle seat, lower-level dressage, and most other English-type riding as well as endurance riding. Although this does not provide as much control as sitting, it frees the horse's back. In the rising trot, the rider allows the horse's movement to throw his or her seat a bit out of the saddle. When coming back down, the seat touches down lightly rather than slamming down on the horse's back. Except in saddle seat riding, rider's shoulders maintain a slight forward incline throughout the rising trot, instead of the upright, vertical position seen in sitting trot. The shoulders and lower legs remain in relatively the same position when the rider is both rising and sitting and the hands also stay in the same position as the rider rises and sits.

* **Half-seat or Two-point**: Also called a jumping position. Sometimes used synonymously, the half-seat variation involves the rider getting the seat bones off the saddle and keeping soft contact with the pelvis, and two-point variation involves the rider raising the seat and pelvic bones. In both cases, the rider remains off the saddle and does not sit or post. This provides a great deal of freedom for the horse's back. It also offers the least amount of control for the rider. These positions are rarely used at the trot; although, both are common at the canter for jumping riders. Two-point position also requires a good amount of strength in the rider's legs.

### Diagonals

A rider posts to one "diagonal" or the other at the trot; when the rider is on the correct diagonal, the rider sits as the horse's inside hind leg and outside foreleg are on the ground and rises as the outside hind leg and inside foreleg are on the ground. Diagonals are used in the posting trot help to keep the horse balanced, and are also useful for timing certain riding aids, such as those for the canter. A rider can learn to recognize diagonals by feel. However, less-experienced riders can check for the correct diagonal by a quick glance at the horse's shoulder, sitting when the outside foreleg is on the ground and the shoulder is back.


title: Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2017

abstract: This article lists terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2017.

text:
# Terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2017

This article lists **terrorist incidents in Iraq in 2017**.

## January

* **January 1** A suicide bombing killed six policeman in Najaf.
* **January 2** An ISIS car bomb killed 24 people in the Sadr district of Baghdad.
* **January 8** Two suicide car bombs killed twenty people in marketplaces located in the Shi'ite districts of Jamila and Baladiyat in Baghdad.

## May

## September

1. "Suicide bombing kills 6 in Iraq's Najaf | Iraq | Worldbulletin News". Worldbulletin.net. 2017-01-01. Archived from the original on 2017-01-02. Retrieved 2017-06-15.
2. Raheem, Kareem (2017-01-02). "Islamic State kills 24 with Baghdad car bomb, attack police stations in Samarra". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2017-01-02. Retrieved 2017-06-15.
3. Reuters Editorial (2017-01-08). "Suicide attacks kill 20 people in eastern Baghdad". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2017-04-01. Retrieved 2017-06-15. `{{cite web}}`: `|author=` has generic name (help)
4. "Iraq conflict: Baghdad ice cream parlour hit by suicide attack - BBC News". Bbc.co.uk. 2017-05-31. Archived from the original on 2018-01-28. Retrieved 2017-06-15.
5. "Irak: Selbstmordattentäter töten 50 Menschen". *Spiegel Online*. 2017-09-14. Archived from the original on 2018-01-22. Retrieved 2017-09-14.


abstract: This is a list of Scottish Green Party MSPs. It includes all members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) who represented the Scottish Greens in the Scottish Parliament.

text:
# List of Scottish Green Party members of the Scottish Parliament

This is a **list of Scottish Green Party MSPs**. It includes all members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs) who represented the Scottish Greens in the Scottish Parliament.

## List of MSPs

| Name | Constituency or region | Type | Start year | End year |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Shiona Baird | North East Scotland | Region | 2003 | 2007 |
| Chris Ballance | South of Scotland | Region | 2003 | 2007 |
| Mark Ballard | Lothians | Region | 2003 | 2007 |
| Ariane Burgess | Highlands and Islands | Region | 2021 |  |
| Maggie Chapman | North East Scotland | Region | 2021 |  |
| John Finnie | Highlands and Islands | Region | 2016 | 2021 |
| Ross Greer | West Scotland | Region | 2016 |  |
| Robin Harper | Lothians | Region | 1999 | 2011 |
| Patrick Harvie | Glasgow | Region | 2003 |  |
| Alison Johnstone | Lothian | Region | 2011 |  |
| Gillian Mackay | Central Scotland | Region | 2021 |  |
| Mark Ruskell | Mid Scotland and Fife | Region | 2003 | 2007 |
| | | | 2016 |  |
| Eleanor Scott | Highlands and Islands | Region | 2003 | 2007 |
| Lorna Slater | Lothian | Region | 2021 |  |
| Andy Wightman | Lothian | Region | 2016 | 2020 |

1. "Shiona Baird". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
2. "Chris Ballance". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
3. "Mark Ballard". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
4. "Ariane Burgess". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
5. "Maggie Chapman". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
6. "John Finnie". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
7. "Ross Greer". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
8. "Robin Harper". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
9. "Patrick Harvie". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
10. "Alison Johnstone". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
11. "Gillian Mackay". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
12. "Mark Ruskell". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
13. "Eleanor Scott". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
14. "Lorna Slater". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
15. "Andy Wightman". *Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs)*. Scottish Parliament. Retrieved 17 May 2021.


title: Żarnowica Mała

abstract: Żarnowica Mała is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolbórz, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of Wolbórz, 14 km (9 mi) north-east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 43 km (27 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

text:
# Żarnowica Mała

**Żarnowica Mała** \[ʐarnɔˈvit͡sa ˈmawa\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolbórz, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of Wolbórz, 14 km (9 mi) north-east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 43 km (27 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

## InfoBox

| Żarnowica Mała | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Żarnowica Mała | |
| Coordinates: 51°28′29″N 19°50′34″E / 51.47472°N 19.84278°E / 51.47472; 19.84278 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Piotrków |
| Gmina | Wolbórz |
| Population | 60 |


title: Peh

abstract:
Peh pronounced "Pe-h" is a village in Ukhrul District, Manipur, India. The village was earlier called 'Paoyi', which is a misconstrued derivative of the original name 'Pehyi' given by outsiders. Peh is approximately 35 kilometers north of Ukhrul district headquarter. The village is partially connected by National Highway 150, Imphal–Kohima via Ukhrul–Jessami Highway. The village comprises two settlement areas: Proper Peh and Peh Ngahurum. The total population of the village is around 3800. The village panchayat (Sangvui) consists of the representative from different clans headed by an elected chairman is the Apex body of the village. All administrative, political and judicial decisions are taken by them.
The judiciary functions are partly performed in the name of King (raja); also known as the khulakpa. The size of Peh village is roughly 52 square kilometres. Peh is flanked by Kalhang, Kuirei, Marem, Marangphung, Namrei and Razai in the east, Paorei, Varangrai and Phungcham in the south, Chingjui in the north, Phaibung lower and Ngari in the north-west, Theiva and Hume in the west. Two rich rivers, Wuireikong and Mashakong flow in the eastern and western side of the village respectively, providing abundant source of water to the cultivators and hunters.

text:
# Peh

**Peh** pronounced "Pe-h" is a village in Ukhrul District, Manipur, India. The village was earlier called 'Paoyi', which is a misconstrued derivative of the original name 'Pehyi' given by outsiders. Peh is approximately 35 kilometers north of Ukhrul district headquarter. The village is partially connected by National Highway 150, Imphal–Kohima via UkhrulJessami Highway. The village comprises two settlement areas: Proper Peh and Peh Ngahurum. The total population of the village is around 3800. The village panchayat (Sangvui) consists of the representative from different clans headed by an elected chairman is the Apex body of the village. All administrative, political and judicial decisions are taken by them. The judiciary functions are partly performed in the name of King (raja); also known as the khulakpa.

The size of Peh village is roughly 52 square kilometres. Peh is flanked by Kalhang, Kuirei, Marem, Marangphung, Namrei and Razai in the east, Paorei, Varangrai and Phungcham in the south, Chingjui (Chingjaroi or Swimai) in the north, Phaibung lower and Ngari in the north-west, Theiva and Hume in the west. Two rich rivers, Wuireikong and Mashakong flow in the eastern and western side of the village respectively, providing abundant source of water to the cultivators and hunters.

## People and place

Agriculture is the primary occupation of the settlers. Rice is the stable food of the villagers. The village is home to various flora and fauna species. Literacy rate of the village is 85%. Peh village is known for its landscape. The village is 100% Christian (American Baptist/Protestants), with more than 98% Baptist and the remaining Roman Catholic.

## Festival

Peh is one of the few villages among the Tangkhul Naga villages that celebrates the seed sowing festival, Luira Phanit, (locale: Luito) with strict adherence to traditional Tangkhul Naga custom and tradition. Other festivals include Christmas, Easter Sunday etc.

## Places of interest

'Shampirum' is the most visited place of the village, and offers views of many parts of the village and its surroundings. 'Longvuerap' Peh Youth Park is also in the area. 'Katorlue' is the Eternal spring of the village. 'Vansam' has lofty valleys with evergreen grasses and varieties of wild flowers. It is a natural playground of the village. 'Kuiching' is a gentle slope carpeted with evergreen grass. 'Lungku Ngakao' is a vantage point for viewing the East, West and North side of the village.

## InfoBox

| Peh Paoyi | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| PehLocation in Manipur, IndiaPehPeh (India) | |
| Coordinates: 25°17′01″N 94°23′56″E / 25.28361°N 94.39889°E / 25.28361; 94.39889 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Manipur |
| District | Ukhrul |
| Area | |
| Total | 52 km2 (20 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,662 m (5,453 ft) |
| Population | |
| Total | 3,800 approx. |
| Languages | |
| Official | Tangkhul and English |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 795142 |
| Vehicle registration | MN |
| Nearest city | Ukhrul |
| Sex ratio | 1004 / |
| Literacy | 85% |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Outer Manipur |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Chingai |
| Climate | Mountain type (Köppen) |
| Website | www.peh.na |


title: Peykan Tehran women's futsal team

abstract: Peykan Tehran Futsal Team is an Iranian futsal team that is currently in the Iranian Women's Futsal Premier League; This team bought the points of Rahyab Gostar Tehran team to participate in the competitions of the Women's Futsal Premier League in the 2021 season. Paykan Tehran Sports Club had a team in men's football and women's volleyball. Under the management of Akbar Mohammadi, they decided to take part in the first level of women's futsal and took the first step in the field of women's futsal team by buying points. This team is in the second group of the preliminary stage of the 2021 season women's futsal premier league with Saipa Tehran, Meli Hafari Ahvaz, Mes Rafsanjan, Nasr Fardis Karaj, Pars Ara Shiraz, Kimia Esfarayen and Heyat Football Isfahan

text:
# Peykan Tehran women's futsal team

**Peykan Tehran** Futsal Team is an Iranian futsal team that is currently in the Iranian Women's Futsal Premier League; This team bought the points of Rahyab Gostar Tehran team to participate in the competitions of the Women's Futsal Premier League in the 2021 season.

Paykan Tehran Sports Club had a team in men's football and women's volleyball. Under the management of Akbar Mohammadi, they decided to take part in the first level of women's futsal and took the first step in the field of women's futsal team by buying points.

This team is in the second group of the preliminary stage of the 2021 season women's futsal premier league with Saipa Tehran, Meli Hafari Ahvaz, Mes Rafsanjan, Nasr Fardis Karaj, Pars Ara Shiraz, Kimia Esfarayen and Heyat Football Isfahan

## Overall performance

The table below shows the performance of the women's futsal team in various competitions.

| Season | League | Place | Description |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2021 | Iranian Women's Futsal Premier League | Championship | ***Participated in the competitions by purchasing Rahyab Gostar Tehran points*** |

## Staff

After buying points to participate in the Iranian Women's Futsal Premier League, Akbar Mohammadi, CEO of Peykan Tehran Club, with the support of Iran Khodro Factory to build a strong team, negotiated with several options for coaching the team. Finally, with the proposal of the technical committee and the approval of the board of directors of Peykan Club, Niloofar Ardalan was selected as the head coach of the women's futsal team of this club in the new season of the Premier League competitions.

1. "The new challenge of Peykan; Team management in women's futsal". *Varzesh 3*.
2. "became the former head coach of the Peykani national team". *Varzesh 3*.
3. "Ardalan came to the futsal league with Peykan". *Farsnews*.

## InfoBox

Peykan Tehran
پیکان تهران
| Full name | Peykan Tehran women's futsal team |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 2021; 1 years ago |
| Ground | Al-Ghadir Hall, Tehran |
| Chairman | Amir Atabakhsh |
| Head Coach | Niloofar Ardalan |
| League | Iranian Women's Futsal Premier League |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
|


title: Udumbanchola Assembly constituency

abstract: Udumbanchola State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies at the state Kerala in southern India. It is also one of the 7 state legislative assembly constituencies included in the Idukki Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 assembly elections, the current MLA is M. M. Mani of CPI(M).

text:
# Udumbanchola Assembly constituency

**Udumbanchola State assembly constituency** is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies at the state Kerala in southern India. It is also one of the 7 state legislative assembly constituencies included in the Idukki Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 assembly elections, the current MLA is M. M. Mani of CPI(M).

## Local self governed segments

Udumbanchola Niyamasabha constituency is composed of the following local self-governed segments:

| Sl no. | Name | Status (Grama panchayat/Municipality) | Taluk |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Erattayar | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |
| 2 | Karunapuram | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |
| 3 | Nedumkandam | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |
| 4 | Pampadumpara | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |
| 5 | Rajakkad | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |
| 6 | Rajakumari | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |
| 7 | Santhanpara | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |
| 8 | Senapathy | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |
| 9 | Udumbanchola | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |
| 10 | Vandanmedu | Grama panchayat | Udumbanchola |

## Members of Legislative Assembly

The following list contains all members of Kerala legislative assembly who have represented the constituency:

| Election | Niyama<br>Sabha | Name | Party | | Tenure |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1965 |  | K. T. Jacob |  | Communist Party of India |  |
| 1967 | 3rd | K. T. Jacob | | | 1967 – 1970 |
| 1970 | 4th | Sebastian Thomas |  | Kerala Congress | 1970 – 1977 |
| 1977 | 5th | Thomas Joseph | | | 1977 – 1980 |
| 1980 | 6th | | | | 1980 – 1982 |
| 1982 | 7th | M. Jinadevan |  | Communist Party of India | 1982 – 1987 |
| 1987 | 8th | Mathew Stephen |  | Independent | 1987 – 1991 |
| 1991 | 9th | E. M. Augusty |  | Indian National Congress | 1991 – 1996 |
| 1996 | 10th | | | | 1996 – 2001 |
| 2001 | 11th | K. K. Jayachandran |  | Communist Party of India | 2001 – 2006 |
| 2006 | 12th | | | | 2006 – 2011 |
| 2011 | 13th | | | | 2011 – 2016 |
| 2016 | 14th | M. M. Mani | | | 2016 - 2021 |
| 2021 | 15th | | | | Incumbent |

## Election results

Percentage change (±%) denotes the change in the number of votes from the immediate previous election.

### Niyamasabha Election 2021

There were 1,67,459 registered voters in the constituency for the 2021 Kerala Niyamasabha Election.

2021 Kerala Legislative Assembly election : Udumbanchola
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **CPI(M)** | **M. M. Mani** | **77,381** | **61.80** | **21.48** |
|  | INC | E. M. Augusthy | 39,076 | 31.21 | 8.23 |
|  | BDJS | Santhosh Madhavan | 7,208 | 5.76 | 11.54 |
|  | BSP | A. C. Biju | 867 | 0.69 |  |
|  | NOTA | None of the above | 687 | 0.55 |  |
| Margin of victory | | | 38,305 | 0.88 | 8.01 |
| Turnout | | | 1,26,018 | 75.56 | 3.56 |
|  | CPI(M) **hold** | | Swing | 21.48 |  |

### Niyamasabha Election 2016

There were 1,66,770 registered voters in the constituency for the 2016 Kerala Niyamasabha Election.

2016 Kerala Legislative Assembly election : Udumbanchola
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | CPI(M) | M. M. Mani | 50,813 | 40.32 | 11.16 |
|  | INC | Senapathy Venu | 49,704 | 39.44 | 3.15 |
|  | BDJS | Saji Parambath | 21,799 | 17.30 |  |
|  | AIADMK | B. Soman | 1,651 | 1.31 |  |
|  | SDPI | Shanavas Baker | 831 | 0.66 | 0.54 |
|  | NOTA | None of the above | 602 | 0.48 |  |
|  | BSP | Raju Manjakkunel | 486 | 0.39 | 0.26 |
|  | Independent | M. J. Fransis | 132 | 0.10 |  |
| Margin of victory | | | 1,109 | 0.88 | 8.01 |
| Turnout | | | 1,26,018 | 75.56 | 3.56 |
|  | CPI(M) **hold** | | Swing | 11.16 |  |

### Niyamasabha Election 2011

There were 1,53,563 registered voters in the constituency for the 2011 election.

2011 Kerala Legislative Assembly election : Udumbanchola
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | CPI(M) | K. K. Jayachandran | 56,923 | 51.48 |  |
|  | INC | Jossy Sebastian | 47,090 | 42.59 |  |
|  | BJP | Narayana Raju | 3,836 | 3.47 |  |
|  | SDPI | Muhammed Sharafudeen | 1,331 | 1.20 |  |
|  | BSP | Benny Thomas | 714 | 0.65 |  |
|  | Independent | K. C. Mammachan | 669 | 0.61 |  |
| Margin of victory | | | 9,833 | 8.89 |  |
| Turnout | | | 1,10,563 | 72.00 |  |
|  | CPI(M) **hold** | | Swing |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Udumbanchola | |
| --- | --- |
| Constituency No. 89 for the Kerala Legislative Assembly | |
| Ramakkalmedu viewpoint near Karunapuram | |
| Constituency details | |
| Country | India |
| Region | South India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Idukki |
| Established | 1965 |
| Total electors | 1,66,760 (2016) |
| Reservation | None |
| Member of Legislative Assembly | |
| 15th Kerala Legislative Assembly | |
| **Incumbent**  **M. M. Mani** | |
| Party | CPI(M) |
| Alliance | **LDF** |
| Elected year | 2021 |