title: Wilson Pakula

abstract: A Wilson Pakula is an authorization given by a political party to a candidate for public office in the State of New York that allows the candidate not registered with that party to run as its candidate in a given election. The name refers to the Wilson Pakula Act of 1947, authored by state senator Irwin Pakula and then-assemblyman and future governor Malcolm Wilson, which forbids candidates from receiving the nomination of a political party if they are not registered as a member of that party, unless they receive permission to enter the primary from party officials representing a majority of the vote in the jurisdiction.

text:
# Wilson Pakula

A **Wilson Pakula** is an authorization given by a political party to a candidate for public office in the State of New York that allows the candidate not registered with that party to run as its candidate in a given election.

The name refers to the Wilson Pakula Act of 1947, authored by state senator Irwin Pakula and then-assemblyman and future governor Malcolm Wilson, which forbids candidates from receiving the nomination of a political party if they are not registered as a member of that party, unless they receive permission to enter the primary from party officials representing a majority of the vote in the jurisdiction.

## Wilson Pakula Act

In the 1940s, both the Republican and Democratic parties in New York became concerned that members of other political parties, especially the American Labor Party (ALP), were engaging in entryism by running candidates in their party primary elections and winning the nominations. While Democrats and Republicans had won elections with the support of the ALP in the past, accusations of the party's ties to Communists and the increasing tension of the Cold War were making these alliances less desirable. It has been asserted that the law was targeted specifically at Congressman Vito Marcantonio of East Harlem who won the nominations of both the Republican and Democratic parties after joining the ALP.

New York Mayor William O'Dwyer advocated removing the influence of the ALP from the Democratic Party. After ALP candidates were successful in winning Republican nominations, Governor Thomas Dewey, who had run for district attorney with ALP support in 1937, turned against the party and sought to extricate the party from GOP primaries. On March 25, 1947, Dewey signed the Wilson Pakula Act into law. Its first target, Marcantonio, narrowly won re-election in 1948 running only on the ALP line, but was defeated in 1950.

Challenges to the law's constitutionality were denied in a number of cases in New York State. In *Werbel v Gernstein* (1948), the court held that "the Wilson-Pakula Law was designed to protect the integrity of political parties and to prevent the invasion into or the capture of control of political parties by persons not in sympathy with the principles of such political parties".

## In practice

The law states:

> The members of the party committee representing the political subdivision of the office for which a designation or nomination is to be made, unless the rules of the party provide for another committee, in which case the members of such other committee, and except as hereinafter in this subdivision provided with respect to certain offices in the city of New York, may, by a majority vote of those present at such meeting provided a quorum is present, authorize the designation or nomination of a person as candidate for any office who is not enrolled as a member of such party as provided in this section.

Parties running candidates for the first time are exempt, as are judicial candidates and those chosen by a caucus of the party members.

Prior to the law's passage, candidates often ran in primary elections of multiple parties, creating a fusion ticket. Initially, it was thought that the law could end these fusion candidacies. However, in practice, it has allowed smaller parties in New York to remain relevant as candidates from the major parties often seek their endorsements to expand their appeal. This is largely because of the unusual New York practice of allowing a candidate to have his name on the ballot once for each party who nominates him and to have all the votes for him or her on whatever line added together.

A candidate that does not receive a Wilson Pakula but seeks to run in that party's primary election has the option of seeking an *opportunity to ballot* by circulating petitions in the same manner as any party member who seeks to challenge the designated party nominee in a primary. Primary candidates who run via the opportunity to ballot process cannot appear on the primary ballot and must run as write-in candidates.\`The Wilson Pakula and opportunity to ballot laws only apply to qualified New York political parties; for political organizations that do not meet that definition (for example, the Reform Party), there are no primary elections, and the first person to submit a valid independent nominating petition under a party name gets to use that line, regardless of that person's party registration.

While less common, Wilson Pakula certificates have been given by major parties as well. In 2008, Mayor Michael Bloomberg, who became an independent after winning two elections as a Republican, had to obtain a Wilson Pakula in order to run with the Republican nomination a third time. More recently, the New York Republican Party chairman, Edward F. Cox, spearheaded an effort to get a Wilson Pakula for Steve Levy, a Democrat, to run on the Republican line. His effort was unsuccessful as Levy received only 43% of the vote at the Republican state convention, short of the majority he needed. In 2017, Bo Dietl also sought the Republican Party line to run for New York City Mayor.

## Proposals to repeal Wilson Pakula

In April 2013, federal law enforcement officers arrested numerous New York City-area politicians. These included Democratic State Senator Malcolm Smith and Republican City Councilman Dan Halloran, who were charged with trying to bribe various Republican political leaders so as to get Smith onto the 2013 mayoral election ballot as a Republican. Also arrested were the Mayor of Spring Valley and local Republican party leaders. Governor Andrew Cuomo unveiled a bill to repeal the Wilson Pakula Act, as a way of addressing state corruption. The bill requires non-party member candidates to go through a petition process to use that party's ballot access.


title: Wetwang Slack

abstract: Wetwang Slack is an Iron Age archaeological site containing remains of the Arras culture and chariot burial tradition of East Yorkshire. Archaeological investigation took place in 2001 and 2002. The site is in a dry valley on the north side of the village of Wetwang. The archaeological remains consist of three chariot burial inhumations, each containing skeletal remains above the remains of a dismantled cart or chariot. All the skeletal remains from the three inhumations were aligned on a north–south axis, with the head pointing north. Many of the finds excavated from the site are now preserved in the British Museum.

text:
# Wetwang Slack

**Wetwang Slack** is an Iron Age archaeological site containing remains of the Arras culture and chariot burial tradition of East Yorkshire. Archaeological investigation took place in 2001 and 2002.

The site is in a dry valley on the north side of the village of Wetwang. The archaeological remains consist of three chariot burial inhumations, each containing skeletal remains above the remains of a dismantled cart or chariot. All the skeletal remains from the three inhumations were aligned on a north–south axis, with the head pointing north. Many of the finds excavated from the site are now preserved in the British Museum.

## Burial 1

The grave lay within a triangular ditched enclosure c 6.5–7 m wide, but the northern and eastern ditches have been removed by machine. The remains were of a young male adult lying on his right side with his knees drawn up to his body. Pig bones had been placed on top of the body. The iron tyres and nave hoops of both wheels survived, as did several spokes from the wheel. The axle of the chariot was 1.81 metres (5 ft 11 in) in length.

## Burial 2

The second burial was contained within a square-ditched enclosure, or square barrow 9.6m wide. The skeletal remains were in the centre of the barrow and were of a young adult female, facing right with her legs bent and her arms extended. Pig bones were also deposited on top of the skeleton. A soilmark shows the position of the complete dismantled chariot, beneath the individual, including its extended pole to which the yoke would have attached. Other chariot fittings include iron tyres and bronze nave hoops, four spokes and terret rings. Behind the head and shoulders of the skeleton, were two horse-bits, a bronze case with a chain attached (diameter about 90mm), a pin and a bronze mirror.

This person has been named **Wetwang Woman**. English Heritage's chief archaeologist described this as "one of the most significant and exciting Middle Iron Age burials ever found in Britain".

## Burial 3

Quarrying on the site has removed the northern edge of the enclosure, and the upper part of the cranial remains. As in the other burials, the body was placed on top of a dismantled chariot and was of a young adult, facing right with the thighs drawn up at right angles to the torso. Iron tyres and nave hoops survive along with other chariot fittings. The axle measured 1.83m in length. An iron sword, in its scabbard, with bronze decoration lay diagonally across the body and two rings with central studs of coral may have fitted onto the sword belt. Coral was also used in several items of jewellery from the Queen's Barrow inhumation at Arras.

## InfoBox

Wetwang Slack
| Map showing the location of Wetwang Slack in the East Riding of Yorkshire. | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | near Wetwang, East Riding of Yorkshire |
| Region | Yorkshire |
| Coordinates | 54°01′11″N 0°34′28″W / 54.0198°N 0.5745°W / 54.0198; -0.5745 |
| Type | Iron Age Cemetery |
| History | |
| Cultures | Arras Culture |


abstract: The National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka (NSF) was established in 1998 as the successor to the Natural Resources Energy & Science Authority of Sri Lanka (NARESA) established in 1981 and the National Science Council set up in 1968. It was created by the Science and Technology Development Act, No. 11 of 1994.

text:
# National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka

The **National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka** (**NSF**) (Sinhala: ජාතික විද්‍යා පදනම, ශ්‍රී ලංකාව; *Jāthika Vidyā Padanama, Śrī Laṅkāva*) was established in 1998 as the successor to the Natural Resources Energy & Science Authority of Sri Lanka (NARESA) established in 1981 and the National Science Council set up in 1968. It was created by the Science and Technology Development Act, No. 11 of 1994.

## Objectives

The objectives of the NSF are to initiate, facilitate and support basic and applied scientific research conducted by universities, science and technology institutions and scientists, with the aim to:

* strengthen scientific research potential, including research in the social sciences, and scientific education programmes.
* develop the natural resources of Sri Lanka.
* promote the welfare of the people of Sri Lanka.
* train research personnel in science and technology.

## Divisions

The NSF has the following divisions:

It also maintains the National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka Digital Repository, a digital library and open access repository.

## InfoBox

National Science Foundation of Sri Lanka
| Established | 1968 |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Colombo, Sri Lanka |
| Website | www.nsf.gov.lk |


title: Mrs. Einstein

abstract: Mrs. Einstein is a Dutch all-female vocal group. The group is most notable for representing the Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997 held in Dublin, Ireland with the song "Niemand heeft nog tijd".

text:
# Mrs. Einstein

**Mrs. Einstein** is a Dutch all-female vocal group. The group is most notable for representing the Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest 1997 held in Dublin, Ireland with the song "Niemand heeft nog tijd".

## History

Mrs. Einstein was founded in 1990 by De Meisjes (1987–90) members Saskia van Zutphen, Paulette Willemse and Suzanne Venneker. The group usually performs in theatres, covering songs from all over the world in a different genre or with translated lyrics.

In 1997, Mrs. Einstein was internally selected to represent the Netherlands in the Eurovision Song Contest. Their entry, "Niemand heeft nog tijd", was chosen through the national final Nationaal Songfestival 1997. In Dublin, the group received a total of 5 points, finishing in 22nd place out of 25 participants.

## Members

Eurovision Song Contest 1997Saskia van ZutphenPaulette WillemseSuzanne VennekerEllen van HarmelenEllen PietersMelline MollerusMarjolein SpijkersMarjolein SpijkersLinda SnoeijJoke van der HoekLinda Caminita1990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011201220132014201520162017201820192020**Band members**

## Discography

### Albums

| Title | Details | Peak chart positions |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | NL
 |
| *Mrs. Einstein Goes Europe* |  | 78 |

### Singles

| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | NL
 | |
| "Niemand heeft nog tijd" | 1997 | 65 | *Mrs. Einstein Goes Europe* |
| "—" denotes a recording that did not chart or was not released in that territory. | | | |

## InfoBox

| Mrs. Einstein | |
| --- | --- |
| Mrs. Einstein at the Eurovision Song Contest 1997 | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Netherlands |
| Years active | 1990–present |
| Labels | Columbia Records |
|  | |
| Members | * Saskia van Zutphen * Paulette Willemse * Marjolein Spijkers * Linda Caminita |
|  | |
| Past members | * Suzanne Venneker * Ellen van Harmelen * Ellen Pieters * Melline Mollerus * Linda Snoeij * Joke van der Hoek |


title: Thelymitra maculata

abstract: Thelymitra maculata, commonly called the spotted curly locks or eastern curly locks, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect leaf, spiralling around the flowering stem and a single pink or purplish, spotted flower with more or less circular, yellow ear-like arms on the sides of the column.

text:
# Thelymitra maculata

***Thelymitra maculata***, commonly called the **spotted curly locks** or **eastern curly locks**, is a species of orchid in the family Orchidaceae and endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has a single erect leaf, spiralling around the flowering stem and a single pink or purplish, spotted flower with more or less circular, yellow ear-like arms on the sides of the column.

## Description

*Thelymitra maculata* is a tuberous, perennial herb with a dark green leaf which is egg-shaped near the base, then suddenly narrows to a linear, curved or spirally twisted upper part. The upper part is 30–80 mm (1–3 in) long and 2–3 mm (0.08–0.1 in) wide. A single pink or purplish flower with irregular spots, 15–25 mm (0.6–1 in) wide is borne on a flowering stem 100–200 mm (4–8 in) tall. The sepals and petals are 7–12 mm (0.3–0.5 in) long and 3–6 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide. The column is also pink or purplish, about 3 mm (0.1 in) long and 2 mm (0.08 in) wide with a cluster of small glands on its back. There are two ear-like, more or less circular yellow arms on the sides of the column. The flowers are self-pollinating and open on hot days. Flowering occurs in July and August.

## Taxonomy and naming

Spotted curly locks was first formally described in 1949 by William Henry Nicholls who gave it the name *Thelymitra spiralis* var. *pulchella* and published the description in *The Victorian Naturalist*. In 2009 Jeff Jeanes raised the variety to species status, gave it the name *Thelymitra maculata* and published the updated description in *Muelleria*. The specific epithet (*maculata*) is from the Latin *macula*, ('spot') and refers to the spots on the sepals and sometimes also the petals.

## Distribution and habitat

*Thelymitra maculata* grows in dry inland heath or woodland, often near rock outcrops and is found between Watheroo, Ongerup and Hyden.

## Conservation

*Thelymitra maculata* is classified as "not threatened" by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.

## InfoBox

| Spotted curly locks | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Thelymitra maculata* growing on Modesty Rock near Holt Rock | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Genus: | *Thelymitra* |
| Species: | ***T. maculata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Thelymitra maculata***<br>Jeanes | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Thelymitra spiralis* var. *pulchella* Nicholls | |


title: WNNA

abstract: WNNA is a radio station broadcasting a classic hits format. Licensed to Beaver Springs, Pennsylvania, United States, the station is currently owned by Seven Mountains Media, through licensee Southern Belle, LLC. It serves areas west of Selinsgrove. It features programming from Westwood One. It is part of a simulcast with WHNA 92.3 FM Riverside.

text:
# WNNA

**WNNA** (106.1 FM, "Hanna 92.3 & 106.1") is a radio station broadcasting a classic hits format. Licensed to Beaver Springs, Pennsylvania, United States, the station is currently owned by Seven Mountains Media, through licensee Southern Belle, LLC. It serves areas west of Selinsgrove. It features programming from Westwood One. It is part of a simulcast with WHNA 92.3 FM Riverside.

## History

On March 5, 2018, WNNA changed their format from country (as "Bigfoot Country") to a simulcast of classic hits-formatted WHNA 92.3 FM Riverside.

## Coverage area

WNNA serves the area west of WHNA, including western Snyder County, eastern Juniata County, and northern Perry County. The towns of McClure, Thompsontown, and Millerstown are included.

## InfoBox

WNNA
| Simulcasting WHNA Riverside | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Broadcast area | Lewistown, Pennsylvania |
| Frequency | 106.1 MHz |
| Branding | Hanna 92-97-106 |
| Programming | |
| Format | Classic hits |
| Affiliations | Westwood One |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | * Seven Mountains Media * (Southern Belle, LLC) |
| Sister stations | WRBG, WQBG, WCFT-FM |
| History | |
| First air date | 1993 (as WWBV) |
| Former call signs | WYHA (1991–1993, CP)
WWBV (1993–1996)
WLZS (1996–2015)
WZBF (2015–2018) |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 40422 |
| Class | A |
| ERP | 175 watts |
| HAAT | 400 meters (1,300 ft) |
| Transmitter coordinates | 40°42′4.00″N 77°12′50.00″W / 40.7011111°N 77.2138889°W / 40.7011111; -77.2138889 |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen live |
| Website | hannaradio.com |


title: Masami Kurumada

abstract: Masami Kurumada is a Japanese manga artist and writer, known for specializing in fighting manga featuring bishōnen and magical boys. He is the founder of the manga studio Kurumada Productions or Kurumadapro for short. He achieved fame as the creator of popular manga, such as Ring ni Kakero, Fūma no Kojirō, Saint Seiya and B't X. The male characters in his works often display very masculine qualities and traits, and display courage through sacrifice, selflessness and true heroism. He has won the Best Success award with Saint Seiya and the Best Inspiration award with Ring ni Kakero.

text:
# Masami Kurumada

**Masami Kurumada** (車田 正美, *Kurumada Masami*, born December 6, 1953) is a Japanese manga artist and writer, known for specializing in fighting manga featuring bishōnen and magical boys.

He is the founder of the manga studio **Kurumada Productions** or **Kurumadapro** for short. He achieved fame as the creator of popular manga, such as *Ring ni Kakero*, *Fūma no Kojirō*, *Saint Seiya* and *B't X*. The male characters in his works often display very masculine qualities and traits, and display courage through sacrifice, selflessness and true heroism. He has won the Best Success award with *Saint Seiya* and the Best Inspiration award with *Ring ni Kakero*.

## Profile

Kurumada's first work was *Otoko Raku* , which earned him an award in a manga contest for aspiring manga artist, and became assistant to professional manga artists. Some time later, he debuted as a professional manga artist in 1974 with his manga *Sukeban Arashi*, and achieved his first hit three years later when he started writing and drawing *Ring ni Kakero*, which brought him recognition as a popular manga author, and lasted five years, and he considers it his favorite creation. A practicer of the martial arts in his younger days, the influence this has exerted on his various works is worthy of mention.

Also, in the same manner as many manga artists today, Kurumada employs the revered Osamu Tezuka's Star System manga technique, which is essentially resorting to the use of a stable cast of characters in his various works (characters keep the same appearance and personality, but sometimes the author gives them new names and different roles than in previous works). Because of this, the main characters of his works most of the time bear a resemblance to Takane Ryūji, the protagonist of *Ring ni Kakero*. The main characters of his subsequent works have almost the same appearance and personality of Ryūji, specifically Jingi Kikukawa (*Otoko Zaka*), Kojirō (*Fūma no Kojirō*), Seiya (*Saint Seiya*), Teppei Takamiya (*B't X*), Shō (*Silent Knight Shō*), Aoi Tendō (*Aoi Tori no Shinwa*), Rindō Kenzaki (*Ring ni Kakero 2*), among others.

Besides Kurumada, other renowned manga artists that resort to the master Tezuka's technique include legendary authors Leiji Matsumoto, Monkey Punch and Shōtarō Ishinomori or Clamp. Clamp was heavily influenced by Kurumada's works, and they began their career as manga authors creating doujinshi based on Kurumada's characters. It is also known that anime adaptations aren't much to his liking, he prefers manga. He agreed that his works *Fūma no Kojirō*, *Saint Seiya*, *Ring ni Kakero* and *B't X* were adapted to anime, to follow the long-time tradition of popular manga having an animated adaptation.

His drawing style is very classic, reminiscent from the manga/anime aesthetics more predominant in the 1960s and 1970s, albeit a constant flaw in his art is an inconsistent trace and proportion unbalance. He often draws his characters as if seen from a low perspective. His drawings can sometimes seem rough, but the improvement in his artistic technique is evident when comparing older works to more recent ones.  His coloring style is almost exclusively realistic, unlike the vast majority of manga artists, who often resort to the use of non-natural colors for the hair or eyes of their characters, although with the publication of *Saint Seiya Next Dimension* volumes totally in color, the addition of new characters with non-natural hair colors occurs often.

Certain graphics elements characteristic of his style can be found all over his works, mostly during fight sequences, having become widely known. Fans have created terms to refer to them such as Kurumada-ochi (車田落ち, *Kurumada-ochi*), meaning "Kurumada Fall", which designates the typical head-first falling characters, and Kurumada-futtobi (車田吹っ飛び, *Kurumada-futtobi*), meaning "Kurumada Launch", which refers to characters that are projected high into the air by opponents, to name a few.

Recurrent themes in his works are friendship, courage, redemption and sacrifice. Masculine virtue and qualities, honesty and honor are also traits often found in his characters. Female characters in his works mostly play a much lesser role, but several ones with key roles can also be found, such as Rei Kojinyama (*Sukeban Arashi*), Kiku Takane (*Ring ni Kakero*) and Saori Kido (*Saint Seiya*).

Kurumada has stated in interviews that he obtains some creative influence from yesterday's authors considered masters of the manga medium today, such as Hiroshi Motomiya, Sanpei Shirato and Mitsuteru Yokoyama. He specially considers that Motomiya's works had a very strong impact and influence on him.

Kurumada also draws inspiration from universal knowledge and folklore, such as Greek mythology, Japanese and Chinese mythology, Buddhist and Hinduist doctrine, Trascendental philosophies, and classic works of literature, such as Dante Alighieri's *The Divine Comedy*, and *Outlaws of the Marsh*, to name a few.

His interest in boxing, wrestling and martial arts is well known, and he maintains close relations with renowned personalities of those circles. As he states in his website, he likes to drink with friends and to practice photography while jogging.

Among his works that have been cancelled due to failing to attract fans: *Otoko Zaka, Silent Knight Shō* and *Aoi Tori no Shinwa*. His works that suffered popularity decrease: *B't X* (which he successfully concluded without facing cancellation), and *Saint Seiya*. In *Saint Seiya*'s case, Kurumada was forced by Shueisha, his publisher, to finish the manga after the Hades Arc, in 1991. He put his manga in hiatus after he finished the mentioned arc, and resumed it in 2006 with *Saint Seiya Next Dimension*. The anime adaptation of *Saint Seiya* experienced a popularity decrease during the anime-only *Asgard* arc, while the popularity of the original manga was still strong; the anime back in 1989, was in pre-production of the episodes that would adapt the Hades arc of the manga. Because of low popularity of the anime adaptation, the project was suspended and remained so until 2003, when it was resumed and the Hades arc of the manga finally was adapted to animation. The episodes that adapted the two final volumes of the manga were aired in between May and August 2008, finally leaving Kurumada's manga completely adapted to anime.

In 2004, Kurumada celebrated 30 years as a professional manga artist, and that same year two of his older and best known works experienced a resurfacing. The original *Ring ni Kakero* was adapted to anime, 27 years after its manga debut, and as mentioned before, the *Saint Seiya* anime adaptation was resumed in 2003 and an attempt to start the Zeus Chapter was made with the release of the *Saint Seiya* *Tenkai-Hen Josō ~Overture~* movie in 2004, which was planned to continue the story with the subsequent release of OVAs, but due to discrepancies between Kurumada and Toei Animation, the project failed and was abandoned. Kurumada still plans to publish the "Zeus Chapter", written and drawn by him, in manga form in the near future, by 2012, a considerable amount of elements from it have already been revealed by Kurumada in *Saint Seiya Next Dimension* and he is set to continue doing so in the next instalments of that work in the japanese summer in 2013.

Kurumada's works have had influence on manga authors and related media. Worthy of mention is Yudetamago's *Kinnikuman*, Hiroshi Kawamoto's Tenkū Senki Shurato, Clamp's *Magic Knight Rayearth*, Kōichi Tokita's *Mobile Fighter G Gundam*, Hajime Yatate and Ryuichi Hoshino's *Yoroiden Samurai Troopers*, Yoshihiro Togashi's *YuYu Hakusho*, videogames such as the *World Heroes* series and The King of Fighters series, among others. References to his works by other authors can be found in the mentioned videogames and in popular manga, such as Kōsuke Fujishima's Aa! Megami-sama, Kenjirō Hata's Hayate no Gotoku, Chika Umino's Honey & Clover, Tite Kubo's BLEACH, and their respective anime adaptations, among others.

French director Louis Leterrier has cited Kurumada and his manga *Saint Seiya* having a great impact on him since his youth. In 2010, Masami Kurumada was contacted by Warner Brothers to collaborate in a project for Leterrier's mythologically themed motion picture *Clash of the Titans*, remake of the original 1981 film. Kurumada authored promotional illustrations depicting pivotal scenes from the film. Countless are the products of merchandise(action figures, T-shirts, toys, video games, ect) relative the works of Kurumada, sold all over the worlds with great success. His fans are usually referred to as "Masamists".

## Works

### Manga

His manga works listed chronologically and their duration:

| Publication
date | Title | Magazine | Volumes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1974 – 1975 | *Sukeban Arashi*
(スケ番あらし, lit. *Delinquent Storm*) | *Weekly Shōnen Jump* | 2 |
| 1977 – 1981 | *Ring ni Kakero*
(リングにかけろ, lit. *Put It All in the Ring*) | *Weekly Shōnen Jump* | 25 |
| 1979 – 1983 | *Jitsuroku! Shinwakai*
(実録！神輪会, lit. *Record It! The Gathering of the Gods*) | *Monthly Shōnen Jump* | 1 |
| 1982 – 1983 | *Fūma no Kojirō*
(風魔の小次郎, lit. *Kojirō of the Fūma Clan*) | *Weekly Shōnen Jump* | 10 |
| 1982 – 1988
(on hiatus) | *Raimei no Zaji*
(雷鳴のザジ, lit. *Lightning Zaji*) | *Fresh Jump* | 1 |
| 1984 – 2023 | *Otoko Zaka*
(男坂, lit. *Men's Hill*) | *Weekly Shōnen Jump*
*Shōnen Jump+* | 11 |
| 1986 – 1990 | *Saint Seiya*
(聖闘士星矢) | *Weekly Shōnen Jump*
*V Jump* | 28 |
| 1992
(cancelled) | *Silent Knight Shō*
(サイレントナイト翔) | *Weekly Shōnen Jump* | 2 |
| 1993 – 1994 | *Akaneiro no Kaze*
(あかね色の風, lit. *Vermillion Wind*) | *Super Jump* | 1 |
| 1994 – 2000 | *B't X*
(ビート・エックス) | *Shōnen Ace* | 16 |
| 1996 | *Evil Crusher Maya*
(エビルクラッシャー魔矢) | *Shōnen Gangan* | 1 |
| 2000 – 2008 | *Ring ni Kakero 2*
(リングにかけろ2, lit. *Put It All in the Ring 2*) | *Super Jump* | 26 |
| 2006 – 2024 | *Saint Seiya: Next Dimension*
(聖闘士星矢 ネクストディメンション 冥王神話) | *Weekly Shōnen Champion* | 16 |
| 2015 | *Indigo Period*
(藍の時代, *Ai no Jidai*) | *Weekly Shōnen Champion* | 1 |
| 2019 | *Fūma no Kojirō: Jo no Maki*
(風魔の小次郎 序の巻, lit. *Kojirō of the Fūma Clan: Prelude to a Tale*) | *Champion Red* | 1 |
|

### One-shots

* *Mikeneko Rock* (1975)
* *Mabudachi Jingi* (*Jingi the True Friend*, 1979)
* *Shiro-Obi Taishō* (*White-Belt Champion*, 1979)
* *Blue Myth* (青い鳥の神話 *Aoi Tori no Shinwa*, 1992)
* *Seiya ni Kane wa Naru* (*The Bells That Ring in the Holy Night*, 2021)

### Books

* *Cosmo Special* (1988)
* *Burning Blood* (1996, artbook)
* Honō no Tamashī (炎の魂 Fire Soul, 2000, data collection)
* *Saint Seiya Encyclopedia* (2001, Artbook and character data collection)
* *Saint Seiya Sora Kurumada Masami Illustrations* (2004, Artbook and issues data collection)
* *Saint Seiya : Gigantomachia* (2002, a non-canonical sidestory novel written by Tatsuya Hamazaki)
* *Raimei-ni Kike* (*Listen in the Lightning*, 2006)
* *Masami Kurumada best bout! 2 vol.* (2014)
* "Saint Seiya 30 Shunen Kinen Gashu, Seiiki - Sanctuary Artbook (2016)".

### Anime adaptations of his works

### Anime movie adaptations of his works

### Live-action adaptations of his works

* *Fūma no Kojirō* (TV tokusatsu drama of 13 episodes for the Fūma VS Yasha arc)
* *Saint Seiya* Musical: A short-lived adaptation of the Sanctuary arc and the Poseidon arc from Kurumada's manga for the musical theatre, 1991.
* *Saint Seiya - Super Musical*: A live-action adaptation of the first *Saint Seiya* film for the musical theatre, 2011.
* *Knights of the Zodiac: The Beginning*, 2023. A japanese/american live action film, based on author Kurumada's comic book.

### Spin-off works by other authors

* *Saint Seiya Episode G* (2002 - 2013, commissioned by Kurumada to Megumu Okada)
* *Fūma no Kojirō : Yagyū Ansatsuchō* (2003 - ??, commissioned by Kurumada to Yuri Satoshi)
* *Saint Seiya Lost Canvas* (2006 - 2011, commissioned by Kurumada to Shiori Teshirogi)
* *Saint Seiya Lost Canvas Anecdotes* (2011 - 2016, commissioned by Kurumada to Shiori Teshirogi)
* *Saint Seiya - Saintia Shō* (2013–2021, commissioned by Kurumada to Chimaki Kuori)
* *Saint Seiya Episode G Assassin* (2014 - 2019, commissioned by Kurumada to Megumu Okada)
* *Saint Seiya Episode G Requiem* (2019–present, commissioned by Kurumada to Megumu Okada)
* *Kurumada Suikoden - Hero of Heroes* (2014–present, commissioned by Kurumada to Yun Kōga, a manga series gathering Kurumada's most prominent protagonists, to commemorate Kurumada's 40th anniversary as a manga artist)
* *Saint Seiya: Meiō Iden – Dark Wing* (2020–present, commissioned by Kurumada to Kenji Saito and Shinsu Ueda.)

Out of all of them, *Saint Seiya* is his most famous work in the western world but not in Japan, its popularity there is surpassed by that of *Ring ni Kakero* (1 and 2), which is the longest of Kurumada's works, at 51 collected volumes. *Saint Seiya*, is collected in 28 volumes to date, and has been resumed by Kurumada with *Saint Seiya Next Dimension*, the continuation to his original manga, ending the hiatus the work remained in since 1991, and to date adds thirteen more volumes to the original *Saint Seiya* manga, for a total or 41 volumes. The third longest is *B't X*, collected in 16. As stated before, Anime adaptations have been made for *Saint Seiya*, *Fūma no Kojirō*, *B't X*, and *Ring ni Kakero*, all closely follow his source manga works.

*Saint Seiya* videogames have been released for old consoles such as Famicom/NES, Game Boy and more recently various video games for PlayStation 2(2006-2008) and for PlayStation 3(2011), and a *Saint Seiya Omega* game for PSP was released in December 2012, and *Saint Seiya: Brave Soldiers* released in 2013 for PlayStation 3 and *Saint Seiya: Soldiers' Soul* released in 2015 for PlayStation 3 and PlayStation 4 and PC. Recently, *Ring ni Kakero* has also been the theme for Pachinko game machines, as well as *Saint Seiya*, on which a recently released pachinko machine is based.

Saint Seiya Myth Cloth is a successful line of figures that started in 2003 and is still in production based on the many characters of the original *Saint Seiya* by Kurumada.

Currently, Kurumada working on *Saint Seiya Next Dimension* (a prequel and continuation to his classic manga series in which Hades recalls his fight with the previous Pegasus Saint in the 18th century). It was revealed by Kurumada and Akita Shōten that *Saint Seiya Next Dimension* holds a canonical status in the universe of *Saint Seiya*, and it is also its legitimate continuation. He recently finished *Ring ni Kakero 2*, in 2009, after a successful run of 9 years. A live-action series of *Fūma no Kojirō* was released on Japanese TV. He recently started working on a new manga series *Raimei-ni Kike*.

He also has authorized two manga authors to write and draw sidestories for his manga *Saint Seiya*, specifically *Saint Seiya Episode G*, written and drawn by Megumu Okada, and *Saint Seiya Lost Canvas*, written and drawn by Shiori Teshirogi. Since these two works are not authored by Kurumada, but only authorized and supervised by him, the events depicted in them and the characters created for them are still considered non-canonical, unlike *Next Dimension* which holds an official canonical status.

Kurumada had most of his works published by Shueisha, in the prestigious *Shūkan Shōnen Jump* manga magazine. He began publishing his works with Kadokawa Shoten, in their magazine *Gekkan Shōnen Ace*. In 1995 he resumed his relations with Shueisha and began publishing with them again, and his latest works and the current ones have been published by that company to date, excluding *Saint Seiya Lost Canvas*, published by Akita Shoten in the *Weekly Shōnen Champion* manga magazine, *Saint Seiya Next Dimension*, published in the *Shōnen Ace* manga magazine and *Raimei-ni Kike*, published by Akita Shoten in the *Champion Red* manga magazine.

In 2012, Kurumada revealed the upcoming anime television series, *Saint Seiya Omega*. Described as an anime original story, separate from Kurumada's canon, the series will take place 25 years after the events in Kurumada's *Saint Seiya* manga. The series began airing in April that year, and has been renewed for a second season that started in April 2013.

In 2014 Masami Kurumada was the executive producer of a CGI remake of the *Sanctuary* chapter called *Saint Seiya: Legend of Sanctuary*.

In 2016, marking 30 years since the original release of the *Saint Seiya* manga, two commemorative exhibitions were held in Tokyo and Hong Kong in which numerous commemorative merchandising products related to *Saint Seiya* were also sold.

For the 2017 season, Masami Kurumada has designed and collaborated on the Japanese baseball team shirt 広島東洋カープ "Hiroshima Toyo carp"

In 2019, a new animated adaptation of Kurumada's original *Saint Seiya* manga, is started to be created by Toei Animation and Netflix, is published worldwide on the same platform. The series is made in CGI.

A live action film based on the original *Saint Seiya* by Masami Kurumada has been announced. However, the release date have not been revealed.

Chinese Tencent has announced that it will produce live-action series TV of *Saint Seiya* by Masami Kurumada, the release date it has not been made known.

June 2019 in Taiwan there was an exhibition on the works of the master Masami Kurumada, with very many drawings drawn from his works and also various armor taken from his *Saint Seiya* manga, all reconstructed in natural scale on a 1: 1 scale.

## Songs

Masami Kurumada wrote the lyrics to many of the songs used in the anime adaptations of his manga series. A CD compiling the songs was released in December 2005 with an extra song to *Otoko Zaka*, the CD is called *Kurumada: The Complete Works*.

The following songs are included:

* 01. いかなる星の下に〜We're fearless warriors〜
* 02. 星よ流れるな〜Stop the fate〜
* 03. 少年記 I〜Burning Blood〜
* 04. 少年記 II〜Leave my heart〜
* 05. 風の戦士
* 06. あの日風の中で・・・
* 07. 君を守りたい
* 08. 信じる心
* 09. 光を探して
* 10. いつか聞いた風の歌
* 11. 風に向かって走れ〜standing & fight〜
* 12. 名も無き野の花〜fulfill your dream〜
* 13. 純情ケンカチャンピオン〜one way boy〜
* 14. いばらの旋律〜Melody〜
* 15. 覇道のディスタンス〜Distance〜
* 16. ｢明日への闘志｣
* 17.男坂

After the CD was released Kurumada wrote the lyrics to the intro and ending song of the credits sequence of the 'Inferno' stage of the Hades arc of the *Saint Seiya* anime adaptation (Episodes 128 to 145).

* "Megami no Senshi, Pegasus Forever"
* "Takusu mono he ~ My Dear"

Also, he wrote the lyrics to the ending theme of the second season of the *Ring ni Kakero 1* anime adaptation, in 2006:

* Shining like Gold 〜思い出の欠片〜 (Omoide no kakera)

For the final episodes that completed the adaptation of the Hades arc of his *Saint Seiya* manga to anime, a new song for the credits roll was composed with Kurumada authoring the lyrics. The episodes aired in mid 2008.

* "Kami no Sono - Del Regno"

Also, Kurumada had a short role as a voice actor in the anime adaptation of his manga *Ring ni Kakero*. He appeared in the first episode, as himself and as the *Jitsuroku! Shinwakai* protagonist, who shares his name, and he provided his voice to both.

Continuing his contributions as lyricist, Kurumada wrote the lyrics to the ending theme of the first and second season of the *Saint Seiya: The Lost Canvas* anime:

* "Hana no Kusari"

Additionally, the release of a new CD containing the rest of songs with lyrics authored by Kurumada for the anime adaptations of his works *Saint Seiya* and *Ring ni Kakero*, is set for 2013. The compilation is titled "Kurumada: The Complete Works 2" and includes some previously released material. The songs included in the CD:

* 01. 明日 へ の 闘志
* 02. 思い出 の 欠片 ~Shining like gold~
* 03. 誓い の 時 ~Strike anywhere~
* 04. 明日 へ の 飛翔 ~Flap your wings~
* 05. 拳 よ 空 翔けろ ~Rough and ready~
* 06. 虹 の 彼方
* 07. 女神 の 戦士 ~Megami no Senshi~
* 08. 託す 者 へ ~My Dear~
* 09. 神 の 園 ~Del Regno~
* 10. 花 の 鎖 ~Hana no kusari~

## InfoBox

| Masami Kurumada | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1953-12-06) December 6, 1953
Tsukishima, Chuo, Tokyo, Japan |
| Nationality | Japanese |
| Occupation(s) | Manga artist, composer, producer |
| Years active | 1974 - present |
| Employer(s) | Shueisha, Akita Shoten, Kurumada Pro |
| Known for | *Saint Seiya*
*Ring ni Kakero*
*Fūma no Kojirō*
*B'T X*
*Ring ni Kakero 2* |
| Website | Official website |


title: Liberals for Forests

abstract: Liberals for Forests was an Australian political minor party. It contested both state and federal elections between 2001 and 2008, but only ever achieved one elected representative – Janet Woollard in Western Australia. It never achieved representation at the federal level. The party was founded in 1999 by Dr Keith Woollard, husband of Janet Woollard and an ex-AMA president. Janet successfully contested a seat at the 2001 state election, and was re-elected in 2005 and again in 2008 as an Independent Liberal. The party generally professed itself to be ideologically aligned with the centre-right sympathies of the Liberal Party, but was aligned with Labor in certain states such as NSW but with a greater regard to environmentalism. Despite its low profile, the party gained a respectable proportion of the primary senate vote in some states. For example, in the 2004 election it received only a few hundred votes less than the Australian Democrats in Victoria.

text:
# Liberals for Forests

**Liberals for Forests** was an Australian political minor party. It contested both state and federal elections between 2001 and 2008, but only ever achieved one elected representative – Janet Woollard in Western Australia. It never achieved representation at the federal level.

The party was founded in 1999 by Dr Keith Woollard, husband of Janet Woollard and an ex-AMA president. Janet successfully contested a seat at the 2001 state election, and was re-elected in 2005 and again in 2008 as an Independent Liberal.

The party generally professed itself to be ideologically aligned with the centre-right sympathies of the Liberal Party, but was aligned with Labor in certain states such as NSW but with a greater regard to environmentalism.

Despite its low profile, the party gained a respectable proportion of the primary senate vote in some states. For example, in the 2004 election it received only a few hundred votes less than the Australian Democrats in Victoria.

## Name

The registered party name at the Australian Electoral Commission and the Western Australian Electoral Commission was "liberals for forests" (uncapitalised), but it was known in newspapers as "Liberals for Forests". By late 2009, Liberals for Forests was no longer a registered political party anywhere in Australia.

* Small-l liberal – a term used by LFF candidates to describe themselves in order to attract the support of mildly disenchanted coalition voters
* Sustainable Australia Party
* Teal independents – a loosely-aligned group of independent and minor party politicians characterised as strongly advocating for increased action to mitigate climate change.

## InfoBox

| Liberals for Forests | |
| --- | --- |
| Abbreviation | LFF |
| Founder | Keith Woollard |
| Founded | 3 July 1999 |
| Registered | 1 May 2001 |
| Dissolved | 2008 |
| Ideology | Green liberalism |
| Western Australian Legislative Assembly | 1 / 57(2001−2008) |
| Albany City Council | 1 / 12(2001) |
|  | |


title: Scott Sloan (footballer)

abstract: Mark Scott Sloan is an English retired footballer. He was born in Wallsend on 14 December 1967. He played as a striker. Since retirement he works as a fireman in Tyneside.

text:
# Scott Sloan (footballer)

**Mark Scott Sloan** (born 14 December 1967) is an English retired footballer. He was born in Wallsend on 14 December 1967. He played as a striker. Since retirement he works as a fireman in Tyneside.

* Scott Sloan at Post War English & Scottish Football League A–Z Player's Transfer Database
* NUFC.com

## InfoBox

Scott Sloan
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Mark Scott Sloan | | |
| Date of birth | (1967-12-14) 14 December 1967 | | |
| Place of birth | Wallsend, England | | |
| Position(s) | Forward | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Ponteland United | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1988–1990 | Berwick Rangers | 61 | (20) |
| 1990–1991 | Newcastle United | 16 | (1) |
| 1991–1994 | Falkirk | 64 | (11) |
| 1994 | Cambridge United (loan) | 4 | (1) |
| 1994–1996 | Hartlepool United | 35 | (2) |
| 1996 | Kalmar FF |  |  |
| 1996–1997 | Berwick Rangers | 1 | (0) |
|  | Whitley Bay |  |  |
| Total |  | **181** | **(35)** |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Stearidonic acid

abstract: Stearidonic acid (SDA: C18H28O2; 18:4, n-3) is an ω-3 fatty acid, sometimes called moroctic acid.

text:
# Stearidonic acid

**Stearidonic acid** (SDA: 18282; 18:, n-3) is an ω-3 fatty acid, sometimes called **moroctic acid**.

## Biosynthesis

It is biosynthesized from alpha-linolenic acid (ALA: C18H30O2; 18:3, n-3) by the enzyme delta-6-desaturase, which removes two hydrogen (H) atoms.

Stearidonic acid is a precursor to eicosapentaenoic acid.

As it is a precursor to other fatty acids, there has been efforts to enhance the content off stearidonic acid in various crops, such as soybeans.

SDA is also a precursor to *N*-acylethanolamine (NAEs). Natural sources of this fatty acid are the seed oils of hemp, blackcurrant, corn gromwell, and *Echium plantagineum*, and the cyanobacterium *Spirulina*. SDA can also be synthesized in a lab. A GMO soybean source is approved by the European Food Safety Authority.

## InfoBox

Stearidonic acid
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name (6*Z*,9*Z*,12*Z*,15*Z*)-Octadeca-6,9,12,15-tetraenoic acid | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| ChEBI |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.127.224 |
| PubChem CID |  |
| UNII |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C18H28O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h3-4,6-7,9-10,12-13H,2,5,8,11,14-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b4-3-,7-6-,10-9-,13-12- YKey: JIWBIWFOSCKQMA-LTKCOYKYSA-N Y * InChI=1/C18H28O2/c1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-16-17-18(19)20/h3-4,6-7,9-10,12-13H,2,5,8,11,14-17H2,1H3,(H,19,20)/b4-3-,7-6-,10-9-,13-12-Key: JIWBIWFOSCKQMA-LTKCOYKYBT | |
| SMILES * O=C(O)CCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CC | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C18H28O2 |
| Molar mass | 276.420 g·mol−1 |
| Density | 0.9334 g/cm3 (15 °C) |
| Melting point | 200 °C (392 °F; 473 K) decomposition |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C \[77 °F\], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?)  Infobox references | |


title: Thelymitra media

abstract: Thelymitra media, commonly known as tall sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has a single fleshy, channelled leaf and up to thirty blue flowers with darker streaks but without spots. The labellum is narrower than the other petals and sepals.

text:
# Thelymitra media

***Thelymitra media***, commonly known as **tall sun orchid**, is a species of orchid that is endemic to eastern Australia. It has a single fleshy, channelled leaf and up to thirty blue flowers with darker streaks but without spots. The labellum (the lowest petal) is narrower than the other petals and sepals.

## Description

*Thelymitra media* is a tuberous, perennial herb with a single fleshy, channelled, dark green, linear to lance-shaped leaf 200–300 mm (8–10 in) long and 10–20 mm (0.4–0.8 in) wide with a purplish base. Up to thirty pale to dark blue flowers with darker streaks, 20–30 mm (0.8–1 in) wide are arranged on a flowering stem 300–1,000 mm (10–40 in) tall. The sepals and petals are 12–17 mm (0.5–0.7 in) long and 6–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide, with the labellum the narrowest. The column is white or bluish, 6–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide. The lobe on the top of the anther is short with a dark collar, yellow tip and a few short, finger-like glands on its back. The side lobes project forwards and have white, mop-like tufts on their ends. The flowers are insect-pollinated and open on warm sunny days. Flowering occurs from October to January.

This sun orchid is similar to *T. ixioides* but is larger and has unspotted flowers.

## Taxonomy and naming

*Thelymitra media* was first formally described in 1810 by Robert Brown and the description was published in *Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae et Insulae Van Diemen*. The specific epithet (*media*) is a Latin word meaning "middle".

## Distribution and habitat

The tall sun orchid grows in heath and shrubby woodland and forest as well as in high rainfall forest at altitudes between 10 and 1,200 m (33 and 3,937 ft). It is found on the coast, ranges and inland slopes of New South Wales south from the Blue Mountains to eastern Victoria.

## InfoBox

| Tall sun orchid | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Near the road to Tanjil Bren | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Genus: | *Thelymitra* |
| Species: | ***T. media*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Thelymitra media***<br>R.Br. | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Thelymitra canaliculata* var. *media* M.A.Clem. nom. inval., pro syn. * *Thelymitra media* R.Br. var. *media* | |


title: Thelymitra paludosa

abstract: Thelymitra paludosa, commonly known as the plain sun orchid, is a species of orchid that is endemic to Western Australia. It has a single erect, channelled, dark green leaf and up to ten or more blue to violet flowers. It grows in higher rainfall areas near the south coast.

text:
# Thelymitra paludosa

***Thelymitra paludosa***, commonly known as the **plain sun orchid**, is a species of orchid that is endemic to Western Australia. It has a single erect, channelled, dark green leaf and up to ten or more blue to violet flowers. It grows in higher rainfall areas near the south coast.

## Description

*Thelymitra paludosa* is a tuberous, perennial herb with a single erect, leathery, channelled, dark green linear to lance-shaped leaf 140–500 mm (6–20 in) long, 5–15 mm (0.2–0.6 in) wide with a purplish base. Between two and ten or more blue to violet, sometimes pink or white flowers 18–45 mm (0.7–2 in) wide are arranged on a flowering stem 200–900 mm (8–40 in) tall. The sepals and petals are 8–20 mm (0.3–0.8 in) long and 4–10 mm (0.2–0.4 in) wide. The column is pale blue to pinkish 6–8.5 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and 3–5 mm (0.1–0.2 in) wide. The lobe on the top of the anther is dark brown to almost black with a yellow, slightly notched tip. The side lobes have toothbrush-like tufts of white hairs near their ends. Flowering occurs from mid-October to December.

## Taxonomy and naming

*Thelymitra paludosa* was first formally described in 2013 by Jeff Jeanes and the description was published in *Muelleria* from a specimen collected near Esperance. The specific epithet (*paludosa*) is a Latin word meaning "swampy" or "marshy", referring to the habitat preference of this species.

## Distribution and habitat

The plain sun orchid grows in high rainfall forests and around the edges of winter-wet swamps between Bunbury and Esperance.

## InfoBox

| Plain sun orchid | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Orchidoideae |
| Tribe: | Diurideae |
| Genus: | *Thelymitra* |
| Species: | ***T. paludosa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Thelymitra paludosa***<br>Jeanes | |
|


title: The Way Love Goes (Brian McKnight song)

abstract: "The Way Love Goes" is a song co-written, co-produced and performed by American contemporary R&B singer Brian McKnight. It was issued as the lead single from his eponymous debut album. The song peaked at number 11 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart in 1992.

text:
# The Way Love Goes (Brian McKnight song)

**"The Way Love Goes"** is a song co-written, co-produced and performed by American contemporary R&B singer Brian McKnight. It was issued as the lead single from his eponymous debut album. The song peaked at number 11 on the *Billboard* Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart in 1992.

## Personnel

## Music video

The official music video for the song was directed by Leta Warner.

## Charts

### Weekly charts

| Chart (1992) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 11 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1992) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 88 |

## InfoBox

| "The Way Love Goes" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Brian McKnight | |
| from the album  *Brian McKnight* | |
| Released | 1992 (1992) |
| Genre | R&B |
| Length | * 5:07 (album version) * 4:15 (single edit) |
| Label | Mercury |
| Songwriter(s) | * Brian McKnight * Brandon Barnes |
| Producer(s) | * Brian McKnight * Brandon Barnes |
| Brian McKnight singles chronology | |
| "**The Way Love Goes**"
(1992) "Goodbye My Love"
(1992) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "The Way Love Goes" on VH1.com | |
|  | |


title: The Way Life's Meant to Be

abstract: "The Way Life's Meant to Be" is a song written by Jeff Lynne and performed by Electric Light Orchestra (ELO). The single peaked at number 30 on the German Media Control Singles Chart. "The Way Life's Meant to Be" was the first song recorded for Time, a few months before the main recording sessions. The song is track five on the 1981 album Time and was the last track to be released as a single from the album in the UK. It starts with gentle violins, and continues with flamenco-like guitar playing, and castanets. The south Mediterranean sound continues throughout the vocal and choiring on the refrain. Continuing the theme of time travel, the lyrics deal with the protagonist's Future Shock at seeing his town over a hundred years later, and his disappointment at how the future is not nearly as utopian as the people of 1981, himself included, had predicted. It was the first single since "Nightrider" in 1976 that failed to chart in the UK. The B-side was "Wishing" taken from the Discovery album. The song was recorded at the Polar Studios in Stockholm, unlike the majority of the songs of the album that were recorded at Musicland Studios in Munich. It seemed to be [a pessimistic view] on that song. Yeah, well, in that particular song he's like walking down the same street that it was before, like say a hundred years before. But uh, even though he's on the same bit of ground, everything that he knew is like, buried under this new shit, y'know, that's growing up on top of it, all these plastic ivory towers and stuff. Ah, the castanets. It was a bit Russian but we put castanets on it and it became Spanish. According to ELO drummer Bev Bevan, the castanets and acoustic guitars in layers were intended to give the song a Phil Spectorish wall of sound feel.

text:
# The Way Life's Meant to Be

"**The Way Life's Meant to Be**" is a song written by Jeff Lynne and performed by Electric Light Orchestra (ELO). The single peaked at number 30 on the German Media Control Singles Chart.

"The Way Life's Meant to Be" was the first song recorded for *Time*, a few months before the main recording sessions. The song is track five on the 1981 album *Time* and was the last track to be released as a single from the album in the UK. It starts with gentle violins, and continues with flamenco-like guitar playing, and castanets. The south Mediterranean sound continues throughout the vocal and choiring on the refrain. Continuing the theme of time travel, the lyrics deal with the protagonist's Future Shock at seeing his town over a hundred years later, and his disappointment at how the future is not nearly as utopian as the people of 1981, himself included, had predicted.

It was the first single since "Nightrider" in 1976 that failed to chart in the UK. The B-side was "Wishing" taken from the *Discovery* album. The song was recorded at the Polar Studios in Stockholm, unlike the majority of the songs of the album that were recorded at Musicland Studios in Munich.

> It seemed to be \[a pessimistic view\] on that song.
>
> Yeah, well, in that particular song he's like walking down the same street that it was before, like say a hundred years before. But uh, even though he's on the same bit of ground, everything that he knew is like, buried under this new shit, y'know, that's growing up on top of it, all these plastic ivory towers and stuff.
>
> Ah, the castanets. It was a bit Russian but we put castanets on it and it became Spanish.
>
> Jeff Lynne (1981 – Interview with Jim Ladd)

According to ELO drummer Bev Bevan, the castanets and acoustic guitars in layers were intended to give the song a Phil Spectorish wall of sound feel.

## InfoBox

| "The Way Life's Meant to Be" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Electric Light Orchestra | |
| from the album  *Time* | |
| B-side | "Wishing" |
| Released | March 1982 (UK) |
| Recorded | 1981 |
| Studio | Polar Studios, Stockholm, Sweden |
| Genre | Pop rock |
| Length | 4:38 |
| Label | Jet |
| Songwriter(s) | Jeff Lynne |
| Producer(s) | Jeff Lynne |
| Electric Light Orchestra singles chronology | |
| "Rain Is Falling"
(1982) "**The Way Life's Meant to Be**"
(1982) "Rock 'n' Roll Is King"
(1983) | |
|  | |
| *Time* track listing | |
| 13 tracks Side one 1. "Prologue" 2. "Twilight" 3. "Yours Truly, 2095" 4. "Ticket to the Moon" 5. "The Way Life's Meant to Be" 6. "Another Heart Breaks"  Side two 1. "Rain Is Falling" 2. "From the End of the World" 3. "The Lights Go Down" 4. "Here Is the News" 5. "21st Century Man" 6. "Hold on Tight" 7. "Epilogue" | |
|  | |


title: Theodamas

abstract: Theodamas seems to have been an Indo-Greek ruler in the Bajaur area of Gandhara, in modern Pakistan. No coins of him are known, but he has left a signet bearing his name in kharoshthi script, which was found in the region of Bajaur.

text:
# Theodamas

**Theodamas** (*fl.* 1st century) seems to have been an Indo-Greek ruler in the Bajaur area of Gandhara, in modern Pakistan.

No coins of him are known, but he has left a signet bearing his name in kharoshthi script, which was found in the region of Bajaur.

## Description

The inscription on the Seal is "Su Theodamasa", *Su* being explained as the ubiquitous Kushan royal title *Shau* ("Shah", "King"), a title which also appeared in its Greek version in the 1st century posthumous issues of the coins of Hermaeus minted by Kujula Kadphises. On these coins the obverse in Greek is Βασιλεος Στιρος Συ Ερμαιοι*Basileos Stiros Su Ermaioi*, "Saviour King, Shah Hermaeus", which is translated on the reverse in Kharoshthi as *Maharajasa Rajarajasa Mahatasa Heramayasa*, "The Great King, the King of Kings, the Great Hermaeus".

Although after 50 BCE Indo-Greek rulers were replaced by the Indo-Scythians and then the Indo-Parthians, Greek culture was maintained to some extent (as indicated by the Greek-style coin types adopted by the conquerors, and the development of Greco-Buddhist art).

It seems some Greek communities and cities also maintained some level of independence (although they did not have the right to issue coinage), and Theodamas may have been one of their local rulers.

## Sources

* *The Greeks in Bactria and India*, W.W. Tarn, Cambridge University Press

| Preceded by:
**Strato III**
... | **Indo-Greek Ruler**
(1st century) | Succeeded by:
... |
| --- | --- | --- |


title: The fin.

abstract: The fin. is a 2 piece indie rock band from Kobe, Japan, currently consisting of lead vocalist Yuto Uchino and bassist/former drummer Kaoru Nakazawa. Uchino and Nakazawa started the band in 2012 with guitarist Ryosuke Odagaki and original bassist Takayasu Taguchi, and released their first song "Faded Light" on SoundCloud in November of the same year. The band's style has been described as a blend of synth-pop and shoegaze from the 80's-90's with nowadays American indie-pop and chillwave.

text:
# The fin.

**The fin.** is a 2 piece indie rock band from Kobe, Japan, currently consisting of lead vocalist Yuto Uchino and bassist/former drummer Kaoru Nakazawa. Uchino and Nakazawa started the band in 2012 with guitarist Ryosuke Odagaki and original bassist Takayasu Taguchi, and released their first song "Faded Light" on SoundCloud in November of the same year.

The band's style has been described as a blend of synth-pop and shoegaze from the 80's-90's with nowadays American indie-pop and chillwave.

## History

In 2015, The fin. performed at SXSW in Austin, Texas, as part of the Japan Nite showcase, which was their first opportunity to play outside Japan and began their first U.S. tour. Later in the same year, they continued on to their first UK tour, supporting their debut EP *Night Time*, followed by their relocation to London in September 2016.

Former bassist Taguchi left the band in May 2017, leading drummer Kaoru to take over the position as a bass player.

## Albums

The band worked on their second album *There* with Bradley Spence, a producer known for his works with Jamiroquai, Passenger, Alt-J, and Radiohead, and Joe Lambert, a mastering engineer known for works for Beach Fossils, Wild Nothing, Washed Out and Warpaint.

The album was released in Asia in March 2018, followed by a sold-out tour in support of the record.

## Music festivals

The band has performed as the supporting act for The Last Shadow Puppets, Circa Waves and MEW, performed at music festivals in Japan as well as embarked on world tours.

## InfoBox

| The fin. | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Kobe, Hyogo Prefecture, Japan . |
| Genres |  |
| Years active | 2012–present |
| Labels | Hip Land Group (2014-present), Lost In The Manor (2015-2016) |
|  | |
| Members | * Yuto Uchino * Kaoru Nakazawa |
|  | |
| Past members | * Ryosuke Odagaki * Takayasu Taguchi |
|  | |
| Website | thefin.jp |


title: Thiallela ligeralis

abstract: Thiallela ligeralis is a species of moth of the family Pyralidae. It is found in Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India and other oriental regions. Larval food plants include Manilkara zapota and Pyrus communis.

text:
# Thiallela ligeralis

***Thiallela ligeralis*** is a species of moth of the family Pyralidae. It is found in Sri Lanka, Pakistan, India and other oriental regions.

Larval food plants include *Manilkara zapota* and *Pyrus communis*.

## InfoBox

| *Thiallela ligeralis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pyralidae |
| Genus: | *Thiallela* |
| Species: | ***T. ligeralis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Thiallela ligeralis***<br>Walker, 1863 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Luconia pallidobasella* Ragonot, 1888 | |


title: Theuderic I

abstract: Theuderic I was the Merovingian king of Metz, Rheims, or Austrasia—as it is variously called—from 511 to 534. He was the son of Clovis I and one of his earlier wives or concubines. In accordance with Salian tradition, the kingdom was divided between Clovis's four surviving sons: Childebert I in Paris, Chlodomer in Orléans, and Chlothar I in Soissons. Theuderic inherited Metz in 511 at his father's death. Early in his reign, he sent his son Theudebert to kill the Scandinavian King Chlochilaich who had invaded his realm. Theuderic got involved in the war between the Thuringian King Hermanfrid and his brother Baderic. Theuderic was promised half of Thuringia for his help; Baderic was defeated, but the land promised was not given up. In 531, Theuderic then, with his brother Chlothar and his son, attacked Thuringia to avenge himself on Hermanfrid. With the assistance of the Saxons under Duke Hadugato, Thuringia was conquered, and Chlothar received Radegund, daughter of King Berthar. Hermanfrid was killed in battle at Unstrut and his kingdom was annexed. The four sons of Clovis then all fought the Burgundian kings Sigismund and Godomar; Godomar fled and Sigismund was taken prisoner by Chlodomer. Theuderic married Sigismund's daughter Suavegotha. Godomar rallied the Burgundian army and won back his kingdom. Chlodomer, aided by Theuderic, defeated Godomar, but died in the fighting at Vézeronce. After making a treaty with his brother Childebert, Theuderic died in 534. Upon his death the throne of Metz, passed to his son Theudebert. Theuderic also left a daughter Theodechild. Theodechild founded the Abbey of St-Pierre le Vif at Sens.

text:
# Theuderic I

**Theuderic I** (c. 487  534) was the Merovingian king of Metz, Rheims, or Austrasia—as it is variously called—from 511 to 534.

He was the son of Clovis I and one of his earlier wives or concubines (possibly a Franco-Rhenish Princess, Evochildis of Cologne). In accordance with Salian tradition, the kingdom was divided between Clovis's four surviving sons: Childebert I in Paris, Chlodomer in Orléans, and Chlothar I in Soissons. Theuderic inherited Metz in 511 at his father's death. Early in his reign, he sent his son Theudebert to kill the Scandinavian King Chlochilaich (Hygelac of *Beowulf* fame) who had invaded his realm.

Theuderic got involved in the war between the Thuringian King Hermanfrid and his brother Baderic. Theuderic was promised half of Thuringia for his help; Baderic was defeated, but the land promised was not given up. In 531, Theuderic then, with his brother Chlothar and his son, attacked Thuringia to avenge himself on Hermanfrid. With the assistance of the Saxons under Duke Hadugato, Thuringia was conquered, and Chlothar received Radegund, daughter of King Berthar (Hermanfrid's late brother). Hermanfrid was killed in battle at Unstrut and his kingdom was annexed.

The four sons of Clovis then all fought the Burgundian kings Sigismund and Godomar; Godomar fled and Sigismund was taken prisoner by Chlodomer. Theuderic married Sigismund's daughter Suavegotha. Godomar rallied the Burgundian army and won back his kingdom. Chlodomer, aided by Theuderic, defeated Godomar, but died in the fighting at Vézeronce.

After making a treaty with his brother Childebert, Theuderic died in 534. Upon his death the throne of Metz, passed (without hindrance, unexpectedly) to his son Theudebert. Theuderic also left a daughter Theodechild (by his wife Suavegotha, daughter of the defeated Sigismund of Burgundy). Theodechild founded the Abbey of St-Pierre le Vif at Sens.

1. Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Theodoric I". *Encyclopedia Britannica*
2. Wood 1994, p. 50.
3. Oman, Charles. *The Dark Ages, 476-918*, Rivingtons, 1908, p. 113 This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
4. Herbermann 1913.

## Sources

* Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Sens". *Catholic Encyclopedia*. Robert Appleton Company.
* Wood, Ian N. (1994). *The Merovingian Kingdoms, 450751*. Longman.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Theuderic I | |
| --- | --- |
| Bronze coin of Theuderic I | |
| King of Metz | |
| Reign | 511–534 |
| Predecessor | Clovis I |
| Successor | Theudebert I |
|  | |
| Born | c. 487 |
| Died | c. 534 (aged 4647) |
| Spouse | Suavegotha |
| Issue | Theudebert I<br>Theodechild |
| Dynasty | Merovingian |
| Father | Clovis I |


title: Theodor Wilhelm Danzel

abstract: Theodor Wilhelm Danzel was a German literary historian and philosopher. He studied as the universities of Leipzig, Halle and Berlin, obtaining his doctorate at the University of Jena with a thesis on Plato's philosophical methods (1841). As a student, he was an ardent follower of Hegelian philosophy. In 1845 he received his habilitation at Leipzig, where he subsequently worked as a lecturer. He died in Leipzig on 9 May 1850 at the age of 32.

text:
# Theodor Wilhelm Danzel

**Theodor Wilhelm Danzel** (4 February 1818, Hamburg – 9 May 1850, Leipzig) was a German literary historian and philosopher.

He studied as the universities of Leipzig, Halle and Berlin, obtaining his doctorate at the University of Jena with a thesis on Plato's philosophical methods (1841). As a student, he was an ardent follower of Hegelian philosophy. In 1845 he received his habilitation at Leipzig, where he subsequently worked as a lecturer.

He died in Leipzig on 9 May 1850 at the age of 32.

## Literary works


title: Thiebaud Farmstead

abstract: Thiebaud Farmstead is a historic farmstead located outside of Vevay, Indiana.

text:
# Thiebaud Farmstead

**Thiebaud Farmstead** is a historic farmstead located outside of Vevay, Indiana.

## History

Frederick and Harriet Thiebaud emigrated from Switzerland with their family, including eight children, in 1817 and became a part of the first group to settle in Switzerland County. Once there, they began cultivating vineyards. They were a part of the local community that established a successful vineyard and winery, producing up to 12,000 gallons per year.

Justi Thiebaud, the youngest son of Frederick and Harriet, took over the farmstead by 1847. With his wife, Mary, they built the farmstead's notable two-story house in the 1850s. The house overlooks the Ohio River and was designed in the Greek Revival style.

Around the 1850s, the Thiebaud farm were noted participants of the hay production in the area. Around the same time the house was being constructed, the Thiebauds also built a hay barn. That hay barn housed a hay press that was likely a model that would later become knows as the "Mormon Press," one of the most successful hay press styles of the era. The hay press was patented in 1843 by Samuel Hewitt, a local of Switzerland County. Powered by horses or mules, the three-story machine used a pulley system to turn a large iron screw and drop a wooden block into a hay filled box, resulting in large compressed hay bales. The hay press device saved valuable space in shipping and allowed for twice as much hay to be loaded for transport.

The counties bordering the Ohio River prospered from the 1840s to the 1870s thanks to a system of cultivating, pressing, and exporting hay, specifically Timothy hay, via waterways to satisfy the increasing needs of urban horse populations. The Thiebaud family was just one of many that took part in hay production and the Thiebaud farm was likely the site of a river landing that facilitated the loading and shipping of the 300 to 400 pound hay bales created in the farm's hay press. The hay press saw production peak around the 1870s. The Thiebaud farmstead was estimated to have produced six tons of hay in 1850, 39 tons in 1860, and 80 tons in 1870.

At one time, there were over 200 hay press machines in Switzerland County, now there are only four remaining.

## Historic site and museum

In the early 2000s, the project to turn the farmstead into a living history and agriculture museum began. In 2004, the Thiebaud Farmstead was listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

This historic site is cared for and operated by the Switzerland County Historical Society. At the time that the Historical Society took proprietorship, many of the original buildings remained, however, the hay press was gone. In 2016, as part of a push to showcase local technology, they completed the reconstruction of the hay press in the original barn situated on the property with the help of carpenters and volunteers. The reconstruction was done by acquiring another barn with an intact hay press from another property nearby and relocating them to the Thiebaud farmstead.

In 2022, the Indiana Historical Bureau, Switzerland County Historical Society, and Switzerland County Tourism office erected a state historic marker commemorating the history of Swiss immigrants in the area and the contributions of the Thiebaud family in the 19th-century.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Thiebaud Farmstead | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Thiebaud's Greek Revival style house | |
| Location | 5147 IN-56 Scenic Vevay, IN 47043 |
| Coordinates | 38°42′56.5″N 85°07′00″W / 38.715694°N 85.11667°W / 38.715694; -85.11667 (Thiebaud Farmstead) |
| Website | switzcomuseums.org/thiebaud-farmstead/ |
| NRHP reference No. | 04000629 |


title: Theodore J. Williams

abstract: Theodore Joseph Williams was an American engineer and Professor of Engineering at Purdue University, known for the development of the Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture.

text:
# Theodore J. Williams

**Theodore Joseph Williams**  (1923 – April 27, 2013) was an American engineer and Professor of Engineering at Purdue University, known for the development of the Purdue Enterprise Reference Architecture.

## Biography

Williams received his B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in chemical engineering from the Pennsylvania State University, and another M.S. degree in electrical engineering from Ohio State University.

In World War II, Williams served in the US Air Force as navigator in a B-24, was awarded the Air Medal with two oak leaf clusters, and retired with the rank of captain in 1956. He was Professor of Engineering and Director of the Purdue Laboratory for Applied Industrial Control at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana from 1965 to 1994.

Williams was president of the American Automatic Control Council (AACC) from 1965 to 1967; of the Instrument Society of America (ISA) in 1969; of the American Federation for Information Processing Societies (AFIPS) from 1976 to 1978; and first chairman of the IFAC/IFIP Task Force on Architectures for Integrating Manufacturing Activities and Enterprises from 1990 to 1996. In 1976 Williams was awarded the Sir Harold Hartley Silver Medal by the Institute of Measurement and Control in London, England, and the A. F. Sperry Founder Award Gold Medal by the Instrument Society of America in 1990.

For a more information see Biographical Sketch on the PERA.NET website.

## Publications

Williams wrote and edited about 50 books and over 400 articles and papers in the fields from chemical engineering (process dynamics) to computer science (industrial computer control, Computer-integrated manufacturing) and the emerging field of Enterprise Architecture. Books:

1950s * 1950. *Studies in Distillation Calculations*. Pennsylvania State College.
* 1956. *Automatic Control in Continuous Distillation*. Ohio State University
* 1959. *The Theory and Design of the Triggered Spark Gap*. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission, Division of Technical Information.

1960s * 1961. *Automatic control of chemical and petroleum processes*. By Theodore J. Williams and Verlin A. Lauher.
* 1961. *Process dynamics and control*. Edited by Theodore J. Williams.
* 1961. *Systems engineering for the process industries*.
* 1965. *Process control and applied mathematics*. Edited with Lester H. Krone.
* 1966. *A Manual for Digital Computer Applications to Process Control*. Purdue University.
* 1969. *Interface Requirements, Transducers, and Computers for On-line Systems: Survey on Digital Computers in Control*. Naczelna Organizacja Techniczna w Polsce.
* 1969. *Progress in direct digital control; a compilation of articles, technical papers, and ISA documents reflecting the development and application of DDC concepts in the process industries*. Edited with F. M. Ryan.

1970s * 1970 *Coastal Navigation*. Thomas Reed
* 1971. *Interfaces with the process control computer; the operator, engineer, and management; proceedings of the symposium held August 3–6, 1971, Lafayette, Indiana*. Edited by T. J. Williams.
* 1974. *Computer applications in the automation of shipyard operation and ship design : proceedings of the IFIP/IFAC/JSNA joint conference, Tokyo, Japan, August 28–30, 1973*. Edited with Yuzuru Fujita and Kjell Lind.
* 1974. *Modelling and Control of Multiple Effect Black Liquor Evaporator Systems*. With Laxmi K. Rastogi. Purdue Laboratory for Applied * 1974. *Ship operation automation : proceedings of the IFAC/IFIP symposium, Oslo, Norway, July 2–5, 1973*. Edited by Yuzuru Fujita, Kjell Lind and Theodore J. Williams.
* 1975. *Modeling and control of kraft production systems for pulp production, chemical recovery, and energy conservation : proceedings of a symposium held by the Pulp and Paper Division of the Instrument Society of America at the ISA/75 Industry Oriented Conferen*
* 1976. *Computer applications in the automation of shipyard operation and ship design, II : proceedings of the IFIP/IFAC/SSI/City of Gothenburg Scandinavian joint conference, Gothenburg, Sweden, June 8–11, 1976*. Edited with Åke Jacobsson, Folke Borgström.
* 1976. *Digital Computer Applications to Process Control*. Purdue University. Division of Conference and Continuation Services, Purdue Laboratory for Applied Industrial Control
* 1976. *IFAC/IFIP Symposium on Automation in Offshore Oil Field Operation, Bergen, Norway, 1976. Automation in offshore oil field operation : proceedings of the IFAC/IFIP Symposium, Bergen, Norway, June 14–17, 1976*. Edited with Frode L. Galtung and Kåre Røsandhaug.
* 1976. *Ship operation automation, II : proceedings of the 2nd IFAC/IFIP symposium, Washington D.C., USA, August 30-September 2, 1976*. Edited with Marvin Pitkin and John J. Roche.
* 1978. *Control systems readiness for munitions plants : a first pass : proceedings of the Workshop on Control Systems Readiness for Munitions Plants, held at Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, September 19–20, 1977*. Industrial Control, Schools of Engineering, Purdue University.
* 1979. *A Mathematical Model of the Babcock and Wilcox Black Liquor Recovery Furnace*. With Maurice G. Kamienny and Paavo Uronen. Purdue Laboratory for Applied Industrial Control, Schools of Engineering, Purdue University,
* 1979. *Computer applications in the automation of shipyard operation and ship design III : IFIP/IFAC third international conference, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, June 18–21, 1979*. Edited with C. Kuo and K. J. MacCallum.

1980s * 1980. *Advanced Control Conference, (6th : 1980 : West Lafayette, Ind.) Man-machine interfaces for industrial control : proceedings of the sixth annual Advanced Control Conference, W. Lafayette, Indiana, April 28–30, 1980*. Edited with E. J. Kompass.
* 1980. *Hierarchy Computer Systems in Nipon Steel Corporation: A Report on Their Benefits, Particularly in Productivity and Labor Savings, Their Costs and Implementation Efforts*. Purdue Laboratory for Applied Industrial Control.
* 1982. *A Mathematical Model of the Kraft Pulping Process: Narrative*. With Tor Christensen and Lyle Frederick Albright
* 1983. *Development of Improved Operating Conditions for Kamyr Digesters*. With Yousry L. Sidrak, and Lyle Frederick Albright.
* 1983. *Learning Systems and Pattern Recognition in Industrial Control: Applying Artificial Intelligence to Industrial Control; Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Advanced Control Conference, West Lafayette, Indiana, September 19–21, 1983*. With E. J. Kompass
* 1983. *Modelling, estimation, and control of the soaking pit : an example of the development and application of some modern control techniques to industrial processes*. With Yong-Zai Lu.
* 1984. *Use of digital computers in process control*
* 1985. *Analysis and design of hierarchical control systems : with special reference to steel plant operations*. Edited by T. J. Williams.
* 1985. *Glossary of standard computer control system terminology*.
* 1986. *Advanced control techniques move from theory to practice : techniques that have made it : proceedings of the twelfth annual Advanced Control Conference, West Lafayette, Indiana, September 15–17, 1986*
* 1987. *Advanced Control in Computer Integrated Manufacturing.* With Henry M. Morris and E. J. Kompass.
* 1988. *Standards in information technology and industrial control : contributions from IFIP Working Group 5.4*. Edited with Nicolas M. and E. Malagardis.
* 1989. *Reference model for computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) : a description from the viewpoint of industrial automation*. Edited by Theodore J. Williams.
* 1989, *Total control systems availability: its achievement through robustness, fault tolerance, fault analysis, maintainability, and other techniques : proceedings of the fifteenth annual Advanced Control Conference, West Lafayette, Indiana, September 11–13, 1989*

1990s * 1990. *Generic Control for Batch Manufacturing: Advanced Control Techniques in Integrated Batch Control : Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Advanced Control Conference, West Lafayette, Indiana, September 24–26, 1990*. With E. J. Kompass and Sharon K. Whitlock.
* 1991. *Expert Systems Applications in Advanced Control: Successes, Techniques, Requirements and Limitations : Proceedings of the Seventeenth Annual Advanced Control Conference, West Lafayette, Indiana, September 30- October 2, 1991*
* 1992. *Evaluation of Underhand Backfill Practice for Rock Burst Control*. With Jeff K. Whyatt and M. P. Board,
* 1992. *Instrumentation of an Experimental Underhand Longwall Stope*. With M. E. Poad, Jeff K. Whyatt
* 1992. *Rock mechanics investigations at the Lucky Friday mine*.
* 1992. *Purdue enterprise reference architecture : a technical guide for CIM planning and implementation*.
* 1996. *Architectures for Enterprise Integration*. With Peter Bernus and Laszlo Nemes. Springer, 31 mrt. 1996
* 1999. *We went to war*. With Barbara J. Gotham.

Articles, a selection * 1960. "A generalized chemical processing model for the investigation of computer control." With Robert E. Otto in: *American Institute of Electrical Engineers, Part I: Communication and Electronics, Transactions of the 79.5*. p. 458-473
* 1992. *The Purdue enterprise reference architecture: a technical guide for CIM planning and implementation*. Research Triangle Park, NC: Instrument Society of America.
* 1993. "The Purdue enterprise reference architecture." *Proceedings of the JSPE/IFIP TC5/WG5. 3 Workshop on the Design of Information Infrastructure Systems for Manufacturing*. North-Holland Publishing Co.
* 1994. "The Purdue enterprise reference architecture." *Computers in industry* Vol 24 (2). p. 141-158


title: Theodore Jacobsen

abstract: Theodore Jacobsen was an English merchant in London, known also as an architect.

text:
# Theodore Jacobsen

**Theodore Jacobsen** (died 1772) was an English merchant in London, known also as an architect.

## Life

Jacobsen was a merchant in Basinghall Street, London. He was the London-born son of Sir Jacob Jacobsen, a north German merchant, of a family closely involved with the Hanseatic League, and their London base, the Steelyard. From 1735 Jacobsen ran the family business there.

In the period 1726–9 Jacobsen rebuilt East India House in the Doric order, which took on the form it presented for the rest of the 18th century. The work was carried out under John James. The House was then reconstructed in the late 1790s, to a plan by Richard Jupp. In 1731 Jacobsen was unsuccessful in submitting a plan to the Bank of England, for building work that was carried out to a design by George Sampson.

Jacobsen designed the Foundling Hospital; the plan was approved in 1742, and was carried out under James Horne as surveyor. Jacobsen became a governor of the hospital. After a falling-out with Jacobsen in 1742, Thomas Coram, the hospital's founder, failed to be re-elected to its General Committee. Henry Keene did further work on the Foundling Hospital site, under Jacobsen's supervision. Jacobsen also designed the Royal Hospital Haslar. His plans for Trinity College, Dublin's West Front and Parliament Square were carried out in the 1750s by Henry Keene and John Sanderson (died 1774) with Hugh Darley acting as superintendent.

Jacobsen became a Fellow of the Royal Society, the Society of Antiquaries of London, and the Society of Arts. He died on 25 May 1772, and was buried in All Hallows Church, Thames Street, London. He did not marry.

## Works

Attribution

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Lee, Sidney, ed. (1892). "Jacobsen, Theodore". *Dictionary of National Biography*. Vol. 29. London: Smith, Elder & Co.


title: Thierry Coppens

abstract: Thierry Coppens is a Belgian professional football goalkeeper. He currently plays for Ronse.

text:
# Thierry Coppens

**Thierry Coppens** (born 2 November 1979) is a Belgian professional football goalkeeper. He currently plays for Ronse.

## InfoBox

Thierry Coppens
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1979-11-02) 2 November 1979 | | |
| Place of birth | Belgium | | |
| Height | 1.75 m (5 ft 9 in) | | |
| Position(s) | goalkeeper | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | Ronse | | |
| Number | 1 | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1999–2006 | Union Saint-Gilloise | 182 | (0) |
| 2006–2007 | FC Dender | 28 | (0) |
| 2007–2010 | SV Zulte Waregem |  |  |
| 2010– | Ronse |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 8 May 2010 | | | |


title: Thierry Cotting

abstract: Thierry Cotting is a Swiss football manager.

text:
# Thierry Cotting

**Thierry Cotting** (born 13 September 1963) is a Swiss football manager.

## InfoBox

Thierry Cotting
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1963-09-13) 13 September 1963 | | |
| Managerial career | | | |
| Years | **Team** | | |
| 1996–1997 | Étoile Carouge FC | | |
| 2002–2007 | Étoile Carouge FC | | |
| 2007–2008 | FC Lausanne-Sport | | |
| 2009–2010 | CS Chênois | | |
| 2010–2012 | Étoile Carouge FC | | |
| 2015–2016 | Servette FC (caretaker) | | |


title: State Square

abstract: State Square was the central square of antebellum Atlanta, Georgia. The original Atlanta Union Depot designed by Edward A. Vincent stood in the middle of the square. The square was bounded by Marietta Street on the northeast, Pryor Street on the northwest, Loyd Street on the southeast, and Alabama Street on the south. The square was surrounded by Atlanta's most important buildings including the hotels Atlanta, Trout House, and Washington Hall, the Atlanta Bank, retail stores, and warehouses.The area is now almost entirely taken up by parking lots and parking garages, with a portion occupied by the Georgia State University College of Education, MARTA rail line, and retail and office space lining the north side of Alabama Street.

text:
# State Square

**State Square** was the central square of antebellum Atlanta, Georgia. The original Atlanta Union Depot designed by Edward A. Vincent stood in the middle of the square. The square was bounded by Marietta Street (now Decatur Street) on the northeast, Pryor Street on the northwest, Loyd Street (now Central Avenue) on the southeast, and Alabama Street on the south. The square was surrounded by Atlanta's most important buildings including the hotels Atlanta, Trout House, and Washington Hall, the Atlanta Bank, retail stores, and warehouses.The area is now almost entirely taken up by parking lots and parking garages, with a portion occupied by the Georgia State University College of Education, MARTA rail line, and retail and office space lining the north side of Alabama Street.

33°45′10″N 84°23′20″W / 33.7529138°N 84.388902°W / 33.7529138; -84.388902


abstract: The State Deputation was the unicameral legislature of the Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen. It existed from 1798 until the two Hohenzollern principalities were absorbed into Prussia as the Province of Hohenzollern in 1850.

text:
# State Deputation of Hohenzollern-Hechingen

The **State Deputation** was the unicameral legislature of the Principality of Hohenzollern-Hechingen. It existed from 1798 until the two Hohenzollern principalities were absorbed into Prussia as the Province of Hohenzollern in 1850.

## History

Formed in 1798 as the Tax Deputation (*Steuerdeputation*), the State Deputation of Hohenzollern-Hechingen initially exercised little control over the state of affairs in the principality. Constitutions were drafted in Hohenzollern-Hechingen and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen in 1831 as a result of Article XIII of the 1815 Constitution of the German Confederation, which obligated member states to institute constitutions. In February 1835 new electoral regulations were adopted in the principality. These regulations formally changed the name of the Tax Deputation to the State Deputation and its powers were expanded significantly. The legislature consisted of 12 indirectly elected deputies (two of whom represented the city of Hechingen) representing eleven constituencies and met every three years. Following the 1835 elections, the number of constituencies was reduced to six, with two deputies representing each constituency.

## InfoBox

| State Deputation <br>Landesdeputation | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Type | |
| Type | Unicameral |
| History | |
| Founded | 1798 |
| Disbanded | 1850 |
| Seats | 12 |


title: Steal Another Day

abstract: Steal Another Day is an album released in 2003 by country music artist Steve Wariner and his first studio album for SelecTone Records. The album produced two singles on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart "I'm Your Man" and "Snowfall on the Sand" which reached 58 and 52 respectively.

text:
# Steal Another Day

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***Steal Another Day*** is an album released in 2003 by country music artist Steve Wariner and his first studio album for SelecTone Records. The album produced two singles on the *Billboard* Hot Country Singles chart "I'm Your Man" and "Snowfall on the Sand" which reached 58 and 52 respectively.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Kiss Me Anyway" | Billy Kirsch, Steve Wariner | 4:13 |
| 2. | "Carmelita" | Lee Roy Parnell, Wariner | 3:56 |
| 3. | "Snowfall on the Sand" | Kirsch, Wariner | 4:51 |
| 4. | "Ride This Rocket" | Kirsch, Wariner | 3:34 |
| 5. | "Steal Another Day" | Kirsch, Wariner | 4:48 |
| 6. | "I Really Don't Have Anything" (featuring Allen Shamblin) | Allen Shamblin, Wariner | 3:54 |
| 7. | "Welcome to This World" | Wariner | 3:41 |
| 8. | "There Will Come a Day (Holly's Song)" | Wariner | 4:02 |
| 9. | "I'm Your Man" | Sam Hogin, Bob Regan, Wariner | 3:01 |
| 10. | "In My Heart Forever (For Chet)" | Wariner | 3:38 |
| 11. | "Where Did I Go Wrong" | Wariner | 3:31 |
| 12. | "The Weekend" | Beckie Foster, Bill LaBounty | 3:57 |
| 13. | "You Can Dream of Me" | John Hall, Wariner | 4:06 |
| 14. | "Some Fools Never Learn" | John Scott Sherrill | 4:15 |
| 15. | "Small Town Girl" | John Barlow Jarvis, Don Cook | 3:40 |
| 16. | "This Christmas Prayer" | Shamblin, Wariner | 3:41 |
| Total length: | | | 62:48 |

## Personnel

## Chart performance

Album

| Chart (2003) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| U.S. *Billboard* Top Country Albums | 31 |
| U.S. *Billboard* Independent Albums | 12 |

## InfoBox

| Steal Another Day | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Steve Wariner | |
| Released | February 4, 2003 (2003-02-04) |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 62:48 |
| Label | SelecTone Records |
| Producer | Steve Wariner |
| Steve Wariner chronology | |
| *Faith in You*
(2000) ***Steal Another Day***
(2003) *This Real Life*
(2005) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *Steve Wariner* | |
| 1. "I'm Your Man"
Released: 2003 2. "Snowfall on the Sand"
Released: 2003 | |
|  | |


title: Stefan Majer

abstract: Stefan Majer was a Polish professional basketball player and coach.

text:
# Stefan Majer

**Stefan Majer** (29 October 1929 – 5 August 2020) was a Polish professional basketball player and coach.

## Awards

### As a Player

### As a Coach

## InfoBox

Stefan Majer
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1929-10-29)29 October 1929<br>Warsaw, Poland |
| Died | 5 August 2020(2020-08-05) (aged 90) |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Career information | |
| Playing career | 1951–1959 |
| Coaching career | 1967–present |
| Career history | |
| As player: | |
| 1951–1959 | Legia Warszawa |
| ?–? | Polish National Team |
| As coach: | |
| 1967–1971 | Legia Warszawa |
| 1975–1977 | Lech Poznań |
| 1980 | Polish National Team |
| 1981–1982 | Legia Warszawa |
|  | |


title: Stefan Majchrowski

abstract: Stefan Majchrowski was a Polish writer. Majchrowski fought in the Invasion of Poland of 1939. He was later captured and incarcerated in the German POW camp. After his liberation by American forces, he served in the Polish Armed Forces in the West. In 2009, he was posthumously awarded by President Lech Kaczynski the Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta "for outstanding contribution to the independence of the Polish Republic, for activities on behalf of democratic change in Poland as well as veterans and social activities for their performance in the work undertaken for the benefit of the country and social activities".

text:
# Stefan Majchrowski

**Stefan Majchrowski** (13 March 1908 in Grodzisk Mazowiecki – 22 February 1988 in Warsaw, Poland) was a Polish writer.

Majchrowski fought in the Invasion of Poland of 1939. He was later captured and incarcerated in the German POW camp. After his liberation by American forces, he served in the Polish Armed Forces in the West.

In 2009, he was posthumously awarded by President Lech Kaczynski the Officer's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta "for outstanding contribution to the independence of the Polish Republic, for activities on behalf of democratic change in Poland as well as veterans and social activities for their performance in the work undertaken for the benefit of the country and social activities".

## Works

### Biographical Stories

* Pan Sienkiewicz 1961
* Sienkiewicz 1975
* Pan Fredro 1965
* Opowieść o Józefie Wybickim 1973
* O Julianie Niemcewiczu. Opowieść biograficzna 1982
* Dickens. Opowieść biograficzna 1977
* Wincenty Pol 1982

### Historical Novels

* Upiór spod Płocka 1974
* Awantury Pana na Jarczewie 1980
* Karczma na Moczydle 1975
* Narzeczona z Saragossy 1972
* Kopia i warkocze 1961
* Jezioro Czarownic 1968
* Taniec nad Jeziorem 1969

### Contemporary Novels

* Przystanek za miastem 1965
* Współcześni czarownicy 1992

### Children Novels

* Córka Księżyca 1970
* Spadkobiercy Pana Ziółko 1957
* Knot, Pocieszko i Spółka 1959
* Tajemnice wyspy Aotea 1961