title: Smack Bunny Baby

abstract: Smack Bunny Baby is the debut album from the band Brainiac, released in 1993 via Grass Records. It is the only album by the group to feature founding guitarist Michelle Bodine. The LP edition of the album includes the track "Velveteen" that was not found on the original CD edition. An unknown number of the LP copies were pressed on turquoise-marbled vinyl. Along with its successor Bonsai Superstar, as of 2016 Smack Bunny Baby was out-of-print and the copyright was owned by The Bicycle Music Company. However, in December 2023 upon the 30-year anniversary of the original release, the album was reissued on green vinyl by Craft Recordings, the reissue label of Concord Bicycle Music.

text:
# Smack Bunny Baby

***Smack Bunny Baby*** is the debut album from the band Brainiac, released in 1993 via Grass Records. It is the only album by the group to feature founding guitarist Michelle Bodine. The LP edition of the album includes the track "Velveteen" that was not found on the original CD edition. An unknown number of the LP copies were pressed on turquoise-marbled vinyl.

Along with its successor *Bonsai Superstar*, as of 2016 *Smack Bunny Baby* was out-of-print and the copyright was owned by The Bicycle Music Company. However, in December 2023 upon the 30-year anniversary of the original release, the album was reissued on green vinyl (and digital formats) by Craft Recordings, the reissue label of Concord Bicycle Music.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *The Encyclopedia of Popular Music* |  |
| *MusicHound Rock* |  |

*Spin* included the album on its 1993 "10 Best Albums of the Year You *Didn't* Hear" list, calling it "a noisy little devil that benefits greatly from a fondness for Moog synth and a good ear for (buried) melody."

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "I, Fuzzbot" | 3:44 |
| 2. | "Ride" | 2:47 |
| 3. | "Smack Bunny Baby" | 2:06 |
| 4. | "Martian Dance Invasion" | 2:16 |
| 5. | "Cultural Zero" | 2:57 |
| 6. | "Brat Girl" | 3:47 |
| 7. | "Hurting Me" | 4:19 |
| 8. | "I Could Own You" | 2:58 |
| 9. | "Anesthetize" | 3:09 |
| 10. | "Draag" | 4:17 |
| 11. | "Get Away" | 3:47 |
| Total length: | | 36:07 |

LP Edition Bonus Track
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 12. | "Velveteen" | 3:47 |
| Total length: | | 39:54 |

## Personnel

* Tim "timmytaylor" Taylor - vocals (tracks 1–3, 5–12), guitars, Moog synthesizer
* Michelle Bodine - guitars, vocals (tracks 4, 8, 10–11)
* Tyler Trent - drums
* Juan "Monostereo" Monasterio - bass
* Eli Janney \- production, engineering, recording
* Ray Martin - engineering, mixing assistance
* Bruce Hathaway - engineering, recording assistance

## InfoBox

| Smack Bunny Baby | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Brainiac | |
| Released | July 1993 |
| Studio | Excello Recording, Brooklyn, New York |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 36:07 |
| Label | Grass Records |
| Producer | Eli Janney |
| Brainiac chronology | |
| ***Smack Bunny Baby***
(1993) *Bonsai Superstar*
(1994) | |


title: The Anatomy of Addiction

abstract: The Anatomy of Addiction is the second and final studio album by the experimental rock band God, released on 5 May 1994 by Big Cat Records.

text:
# The Anatomy of Addiction

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| Robert Christgau |  |

***The Anatomy of Addiction*** is the second and final studio album by the experimental rock band God, released on 5 May 1994 by Big Cat Records.

## Reception

Allmusic staff writer Ned Raggett gave the record three stars, calling it a "fantastic listen" and "a good way for the band to go".

## Accolades

| Year | Publication | Country | Accolade | Rank |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1994 | *The Wire* | United Kingdom | "Albums of the Year" | * |  |
| "*****" denotes an unordered list. | | | | | |

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "On All Fours" | 4:38 |
| 2. | "Body Horror" | 5:35 |
| 3. | "Tunnel" | 6:22 |
| 4. | "Lazarus" | 7:30 |
| 5. | "Voodoo Head Blows" | 4:46 |
| 6. | "Bloodstream" | 10:39 |
| 7. | "Driving the Demons Out" | 6:50 |
| 8. | "White Pimp Cut Up" | 8:49 |
| 9. | "Gold Teeth" | 5:39 |
| 10. | "Detox" | 18:12 |

## Personnel

Adapted from *The Anatomy of Addiction* liner notes.

## Release history

| Region | Date | Label | Format | Catalog |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| United Kingdom | 1994 | Big Cat | CD, LP | ABB62 |

## InfoBox

| The Anatomy of Addiction | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by God | |
| Released | 5 May 1994 (1994-05-05) |
| Recorded | 1994 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 79:04 |
| Label | Big Cat |
| Producer | Kevin Martin |
| God chronology | |
| *Consumed*
(1993) ***The Anatomy of Addiction***
(1994) *Appeal to Human Greed*
(1995) | |


title: Muhammad Al Barka

abstract: Muhammad Al Barka (1971) is a Moroccan writer and historian born in Meknes, Morocco. He graduated from the department of History, college of humanities, Moulay Ismail University in Meknes, 1996. He received a completion of lessons certificate in Medieval History from the college of humanities, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University in Fez, 1997. From the same university, he also received his PhD in history, 2002, and his thesis was: ‘Almoravid dynasty’s contribution to the study of the Diwaniya writing system’. He received a university certificate of eligibility in History, 2010, for a study titled: ‘The features of the reference structure for the Almoravid dynasty, origins and chapters’.

text:
# Muhammad Al Barka

**Muhammad Al Barka** (Arabic: محمد البركة) (1971) is a Moroccan writer and historian born in Meknes, Morocco. He graduated from the department of History, college of humanities, Moulay Ismail University in Meknes, 1996. He received a completion of lessons certificate in Medieval History from the college of humanities, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University in Fez, 1997. From the same university, he also received his PhD in history, 2002, and his thesis was: ‘Almoravid dynasty’s contribution to the study of the Diwaniya writing system’. He received a university certificate of eligibility in History, 2010, for a study titled: ‘The features of the reference structure for the Almoravid dynasty, origins and chapters’.

## Career

Muhammad Al Barka worked as a professor of history and civilization at the Poly disciplinary College, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University in Taza. Then, he became a member of the Research Laboratory in Moroccan-Mediterranean Cultural Relations in the same college. Moreover, he became a member of the Moroccan Association for Historical Research. After that, he was chosen as Vice President of the local office of the National Union for Higher Education, and participated in many national and international seminars on history.

## Works

Muhammad Al Barka wrote a lot in the fields of history, civilization and heritage. Some of his works are:

* Almoravid dynasty (features of the diwaniyah writing system) (Original title: Al dawla al morabitiya (malameh nitham al kitaba al diwaniyah), 2008, Dar Africa Al Sharq.
* The Jurisprudence of History according to Dr. Fareed Al Ansari - Concept, Approach and Issues (Original title: Fiqh al tareekh end Al doctor Fareed Al Ansari – Al mafhoom wa al manhaj wa al qadaiya), 2011.
* The Jurisprudence of Da’wah according to Dr. Fareed Al Ansari (Reading in the Innate Project from the Qur’anic Rooting to Urban Empowerment) (Original title: Fiqh al da’wa end Al doctor Fareed Al Ansari – Qira’a fi mashrooa al fitriya min al ta’seel al qur’ani ila al tamkeen al omrani), 2012, Dar Al Salaam for printing, publishing, distribution and translation.
* Judicial reform projects in the Islamic West between the two centuries (6 AH - 8 AH / 12 AD - 14 AD) (Original title: Masharee’ islah al qada’ al gharbi al islami ma bain al qarnine (6 AH - 8 AH / 12 AD - 14 AD)), 2015, Dar Africa al Sharq.
* The Royal Politics of Lisan Al Din Bin Al Khateeb through his message on the conditions of state servants and their destinies (Original title: Al syasa al sultaniya end Lisan Al Din Bin Al Khateeb men khilal risalatoh fi ahwal khidmat al dawla wa masa’irohom), 2015, Dar Africa al Sharq.

## InfoBox

| Muhammad Al Barka | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1971 in Meknes, Morocco |
| Nationality | Moroccan |


title: Zijah Sokolović

abstract: Zijah Sokolović is a Bosnian actor, writer and director. He is the director of Theaterland in Salzburg, professor at the Anton Bruckner Private University in Linz, artistic director of Dežela gledališča theatre in Ljubljana and artistic project leader for Dramatic society, Dramatično društvo, but also directs plays in Belgrade, Zagreb, Banja Luka and in his hometown of Sarajevo. Sokolović appeared in numerous films, including multiple award-winning Yugoslav and Bosnian films Silent Gunpowder, Remake and The Abandoned. He also voiced Mr. Ping in the Serbian dub of the Kung Fu Panda franchise.

text:
# Zijah Sokolović

**Zijah Sokolović** (born 22 December 1950) is a Bosnian actor, writer and director. He is the director of *Theaterland* in Salzburg, professor at the Anton Bruckner Private University in Linz, artistic director of *Dežela gledališča* theatre in Ljubljana and artistic project leader for Dramatic society, *Dramatično društvo*, but also directs plays in Belgrade, Zagreb, Banja Luka and in his hometown of Sarajevo.

Sokolović appeared in numerous films, including multiple award-winning Yugoslav and Bosnian films *Silent Gunpowder*, *Remake* and *The Abandoned*. He also voiced Mr. Ping in the Serbian dub of the *Kung Fu Panda* franchise.

## Personal life

Sokolović is married to Lidija Stanković, and together they have a daughter named Hana Selena.

### Health

On 9 November 2020, it was confirmed that Sokolović tested positive for COVID-19 and was sent to a hospital in Belgrade; by 11 November, he was let go to treat himself from home.

On 25 February 2021, he was admitted to a Banja Luka hospital because of heart problems. The next day, Sokolović was released from hospital and sent back home.

## Selected filmography

### Film

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1975 | *Doktor Mladen* | Huska |
| 1981 | *You Love Only Once* | Mirko |
| 1982 | *The Smell of Quinces* | Huso Mujagin |
| 1983 | *Zadah tela* | Panco's brother |
| 1987 | *The Felons* | Moše |
| 1990 | *Silent Gunpowder* | Gojko the Miller |
| 1997 | *Outsider* | Zastavnik Haris Mulahasanović |
| 2003 | *Remake* | Mirsad Alihodžić "Hodža" |
| | *Horseman* | Luda |
| 2006 | *The Melon Route* | Pauk |
| 2010 | *The Abandoned* | Muamer |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1990–1991 | *Memoari porodice Milić* | Milan Milić |
| 2005–2007 | *Ljubav, navika, panika* | Mr Jovanović |

### Voice-over dubs

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2008 | Kung Fu Panda | Mr. Ping | Serbian-language version |
| 2011 | Kung Fu Panda 2 | | |
| 2016 | Kung Fu Panda 3 | | |

## Awards

| Year | Award | Category | Nominated work | Result | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1983 | Golden Arena | Best Supporting Actor | *Zadah tela* | Won |  |

## InfoBox

| Zijah Sokolović | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1950-12-22) 22 December 1950<br>Sarajevo, PR Bosnia and Herzegovina, FPR Yugoslavia |
| Nationality | Bosnian |
| Alma mater | Academy of Performing Arts in Sarajevo |
| Occupations | * Actor * writer * director |
| Years active | 1975–present |
| Spouse | Lidija Stanković |
| Children | 1 |


title: 1989 CARIFTA Games

abstract: The 18th CARIFTA Games was held in Bridgetown, Barbados on March 25–27, 1989.

text:
# 1989 CARIFTA Games

The 18th **CARIFTA Games** was held in Bridgetown, Barbados on March 25–27, 1989.

## Participation (unofficial)

For the 1989 CARIFTA Games only the medalists can be found on the "World Junior Athletics History" website. An unofficial count yields the number of about 105 medalists (59 junior (under-20) and 46 youth (under-17)) from about 17 countries: Antigua and Barbuda (1), Bahamas (20), Barbados (6), Bermuda (2), British Virgin Islands (1), Cayman Islands (3), Dominica (2), Grenada (5), Guadeloupe (2), Guyana (5), Jamaica (35), Martinique (7), Netherlands Antilles (2), Saint Kitts and Nevis (2), Saint Lucia (2), Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2), Trinidad and Tobago (8).

## Austin Sealy Award

The Austin Sealy Trophy for the most outstanding athlete of the games was awarded to Kareem Streete-Thompson from the Cayman Islands. He won a gold medal in long jump with a remarkable jump of 7.83m, which is still the championships record, a silver medal in 100m, and a bronze medal in 200 metres in the youth (U-17) category.

## Medal summary

Medal winners are published by category: Boys under 20 (Junior), Girls under 20 (Junior), Boys under 17 (Youth), and Girls under 17 (Youth). The medalists can also be found on the "World Junior Athletics History" website.

### Boys under 20 (Junior)

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 metres | Windell Dobson (JAM) | 10.53 | Donovan Powell (JAM) | 10.64 | Rudy Mith (MTQ) | 10.87 |
| 200 metres | Trevor Gilbert (JAM) | 21.5 | Donovan Powell (JAM) | 21.8 | Kevin Lawson (TRI) | 21.9 |
| 400 metres | Barrington Campbell (JAM) | 47.48 | Terry Harewood (BAR) | 47.90 | Clarence Richards (JAM) | 48.18 |
| 800 metres | Michael Williams (JAM) | 1:54.1 | Desmond Dorsett (BAH) | 1:54.5 | Steven Roberts (BAR) | 1:54.6 |
| 1500 metres | Quinton John (TRI) | 3:55.99 | Michael Williams (JAM) | 3:58.22 | Desmond Dorsett (BAH) | 4:01.39 |
| 5000 metres | Ronnie Holassie (TRI) | 15:26.81 | Albert Donawa (BER) | 15:42.88 | Codrington McPherson (GUY) | 15:46.96 |
| 400 metres hurdles | Crodel Smith (JAM) | 53.5 | Clarence Richards (JAM) | 54.5 | Robert Rahming (BAH) | 56.0 |
| High jump | Rawle Griffith (GUY) | 2.15 | Garreth Flowers (BAH) | 2.05 | Raymond Solomon (IVB) | 2.00 |
| Pole vault | Mark Godfrey (JAM) | 3.90 | Ronnie Darville (BAH) | 3.80 | Randy Perpall (BAH) | 3.70 |
| Long jump | Windell Dobson (JAM) | 7.42 | Jean-Luc Poussin (MTQ) | 7.36 | Jérôme Romain (DMA) | 7.27 |
| Triple jump | Andrew Belnavis (JAM) | 15.46 | Jérôme Romain (DMA) | 15.06 | Gary Samuels (JAM) | 13.81 |
| Shot put | Hervé Hauterville (MTQ) | 14.37 | Dave Grant (JAM) | 14.00 | Christian Médina (GLP) | 13.90 |
| Discus throw | Rufus Kemp (BAH) | 40.52 | Hervé Hauterville (MTQ) | 40.42 | Ryan Haylock (CAY) | 37.68 |
| Javelin throw | Ricky Francis (TRI) | 62.46 | Kevin Smith (BAH) | 62.30 | Clifford Worme (GRN) | 55.84 |
| 4 × 100 metres relay | Jamaica | 40.4 | Trinidad and Tobago | 41.6 | Martinique | 41.8 |
| 4 × 400 metres relay | Jamaica | 3:12.93 | Barbados | 3:14.07 | Bahamas | 3:21.90 |

### Girls under 20 (Junior)

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 metres | Heather Samuel (ATG) | 11.71 | Andria Lloyd (JAM) | 11.73 | Revoli Campbell (JAM) | 11.79 |
| 200 metres | Revoli Campbell (JAM) | 23.6 | Chandra Sturrup (BAH) | 24.1 | Andria Lloyd (JAM) | 24.4 |
| 400 metres | Inez Turner (JAM) | 52.7 | Juliet Campbell (JAM) | 54.4 | Shermaine Ross (GRN) | 56.0 |
| 800 metres | Inez Turner (JAM) | 2:07.6 | Karen Bennett (JAM) | 2:13.4 | Serene Carey (SKN) | 2:15.9 |
| 1500 metres | Karen Bennett (JAM) | 4:43.73 | Suzie Bent (JAM) | 4:47.09 | Rhonda Wilson (GUY) | 4:53.12 |
| 3000 metres | Suzie Bent (JAM) | 10:27.6 | Christine St. Cyr (GRN) | 10:35.1 | Mardrea Hyman (JAM) | 10:37.6 |
| High jump | Diane Guthrie (JAM) | 1.70 | Fadelma Layne (BAR) | 1.70 | Daphne Saunders (BAH) | 1.65 |
| Long jump | Daphne Saunders (BAH) | 6.39 | Diane Guthrie (JAM) | 6.15 | Yvette Haynes (VIN) | 5.87 |
| Shot put | Denise Taylor (BAH) | 13.29 | Antoinette Scipio (TRI) | 12.21 | Adela Paul (LCA) | 11.69 |
| Discus throw | Denise Taylor (BAH) | 46.96 | Rose-Hélène Vétral (MTQ) | 38.26 | Kadar Thomas (JAM) | 37.82 |
| Javelin throw | Chantell Miller (BAH) | 44.90 | Rhonda Henry (GRN) | 40.92 | Antoinette Scipio (TRI) | 40.64 |
| 4 × 100 metres relay | Jamaica | 45.3 | Bahamas | 46.6 | Trinidad and Tobago | 47.7 |
| 4 × 400 metres relay | Jamaica | 3:40.65 | Bahamas | 3:51.28 | Trinidad and Tobago | 4:00.73 |

### Boys under 17 (Youth)

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 metres | Adrian Bobb (TRI) | 10.81 | Kareem Streete-Thompson (CAY) | 10.88 | Leon Gordon (JAM) | 10.93 |
| 200 metres | Carlos Samuels (JAM) | 21.7 | Mark Noreiga (TRI) | 21.7 | Kareem Streete-Thompson (CAY) | 21.9 |
| 400 metres | Adrian Treston (JAM) | 48.86 | Mark Noreiga (TRI) | 49.21 | Karl McPherson (JAM) | 49.44 |
| 800 metres | Dwayne Henry (JAM) | 1:55.9 | David Nancy (MTQ) | 1:57.0 | Escoffrey Thomas (JAM) | 1:57.7 |
| 1500 metres | David Nancy (MTQ) | 4:05.85 | Euron Scoop (AHO) | 4:07.74 | Escoffrey Thomas (JAM) | 4:08.62 |
| High jump | Victor Houston (BAR) | 2.00 | Nicholas Tucker (BAH) | 1.95 | Neil Gardner (JAM) | 1.90 |
| Long jump | Kareem Streete-Thompson (CAY) | 7.83 | Gillian Vigier (LCA) | 6.89 | Leon Gordon (JAM) | 6.86 |
| Triple jump | David Stuart (BAH) | 14.35 | Austin Dickenson (SKN) | 13.99 | Felix Bowe (BAH) | 13.90 |
| Shot put | Ramses Snijder (AHO) | 13.89 | Olu Tinubu (BAH) | 13.78 | Eddy Figuro (GLP) | 13.77 |
| Discus throw | Oral Grant (JAM) | 46.54 | Dave Taylor (BAR) | 37.96 | Olu Tinubu (BAH) | 37.02 |
| Javelin throw | Ramses Snijder (AHO) | 57.82 | Raphael Cumberbatch (BAR) | 53.90 | Oral Grant (JAM) | 50.48 |

### Girls under 17 (Youth)

| Event | Gold | | Silver | | Bronze | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 100 metres | Catherine Scott (JAM) | 11.92 | Merlene Frazer (JAM) | 11.93 | Valeska Browne (BAH) | 12.23 |
| 200 metres | Mervette Collins (VIN) | 24.8 | Merlene Frazer (JAM) | 25.0 | Carmetta McKay (BAH) | 25.1 |
| 400 metres | Catherine Scott (JAM) | 54.12 | Wynsome Cole (JAM) | 55.77 | Vernetta Rolle (BAH) | 56.18 |
| 800 metres | Janice Turner (JAM) | 2:11.6 | Vernetta Rolle (BAH) | 2:13.5 | Sherone Walker (JAM) | 2:17.8 |
| 1500 metres | Janice Turner (JAM) | 4:45.68 | Sherone Walker (JAM) | 4:51.75 | Christine St. Cyr (GRN) | 4:54.75 |
| High jump | Najuma Fletcher (GUY) | 1.72 | Icolyn Kelly (JAM) | 1.66 | Lacena Golding (JAM) | 1.58 |
| Long jump | Dedra Davis (BAH) | 5.88 | Merlene Frazer (JAM) | 5.81 | Raquel Morrison (CAY) | 5.35 |
| Shot put | Murielle Flamand (MTQ) | 10.83 | Dominique Perroni (MTQ) | 10.81 | Lisa Casimir (DMA) | 10.60 |
| Discus throw | Murielle Flamand (MTQ) | 32.38 | Hughette Robertson (GUY) | 32.26 | Marcia Taylor (BAH) | 31.96 |
| Javelin throw | Patrice Scotland (BER) | 39.14 | Lisa Casimir (DMA) | 37.22 | Marsha Mark (TRI) | 37.18 |

## Medal table (unofficial)

*   Host nation (Barbados)

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Jamaica (JAM) | 26 | 16 | 15 | 57 |
| 2 | Bahamas (BAH) | 7 | 10 | 11 | 28 |
| 3 | Martinique (MTQ) | 4 | 5 | 2 | 11 |
| 4 | Trinidad and Tobago (TTO) | 4 | 4 | 5 | 13 |
| 5 | Guyana (GUY) | 2 | 1 | 2 | 5 |
| 6 | Netherlands Antilles (AHO) | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 7 | Barbados (BAR)* | 1 | 5 | 1 | 7 |
| 8 | Cayman Islands (CAY) | 1 | 1 | 3 | 5 |
| 9 | Bermuda (BER) | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 10 | Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (VIN) | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
| 11 | Antigua and Barbuda (ATG) | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 12 | Grenada (GRN) | 0 | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 13 | Dominica (DMA) | 0 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 14 | Saint Kitts and Nevis (SKN) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| | Saint Lucia (LCA) | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 16 | Guadeloupe (GLP) | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| 17 | British Virgin Islands (IVB) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (17 entries) | | 50 | 50 | 50 | 150 |

## InfoBox

| XVIII CARIFTA Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | March 25–27 |
| Host city | Bridgetown, Barbados |
| Level | Junior and Youth |
| Events | 50 |
| Participation | at least 105 athletes from <br>at least 17 nations |
| 1988 Kingston 1990 Kingston | |


title: Truth to Power (song)

abstract: "Truth to Power" is a song by American band OneRepublic as the promotional single and title song for the documentary An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power about Al Gore's continuing mission to fight climate change. The song was nominated for Best Original Song at the 22nd Satellite Awards and for Original Song in a Documentary at the 8th Hollywood Music in Media Awards.

text:
# Truth to Power (song)

"**Truth to Power**" is a song by American band OneRepublic as the promotional single and title song for the documentary *An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power* about Al Gore's continuing mission to fight climate change. The song was nominated for Best Original Song at the 22nd Satellite Awards and for Original Song in a Documentary at the 8th Hollywood Music in Media Awards.

## Background and composition

"Truth to Power" was written and produced by lead singer Ryan Tedder and T Bone Burnett. The lyrics are written from the perspective of Mother Nature speaking to her inhabitants as a call to action against climate change. Gore described the song as capturing Mahatma Gandhi's satyagraha. Tedder described the background for the original composition of the song:

> To me, this needed to be reverential. And my default mechanism when writing is very often gospel, and some of the songs that we had done that were referenced when I got brought in are more gospel-leaning records. And when I watched the climactic parts of the film with Vice President Gore giving this speech at Stanford, where he becomes more and more emboldened as the speech goes on, by the end of it, I was like, oh, God, he’s just doing like an altar call right now. And I went to Oral Roberts University, so I’ve seen my fair share of altar calls.
>
> Ryan Tedder

## Promotion

In promotion of the song, OneRepublic performed the song on Late Night with Seth Meyers and at 2017 24-Hours of Reality event.

## InfoBox

| "Truth to Power" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Promotional single by OneRepublic | |
| from the album  *An Inconvenient Sequel: Truth to Power (Music from the Motion Picture)* | |
| Released | June 30, 2017 |
| Genre | Gospel |
| Length | 3:25 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * Tedder * Burnett |
|  | |
| Lyric video | |
| "Truth to Power" Video on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: Sleeper (Modern Family)

abstract: "Sleeper" is the 21st episode of the fifth season of the American sitcom Modern Family, and the series' 117th overall. It was aired on April 30, 2014. The episode was directed by Ryan Case and written by Paul Corrigan & Brad Walsh & Bill Wrubel. In the episode, the family gets ready for the first family portrait to include Joe. Phil promises Claire that he will wait at the house for a washing machine repairman, but lies that he did not arrive when actually Phil left on a crazy errand. Haley joins Luke at a laundromat to wash his black shirt for the photo, but he ends up leaving with some girl's black shirt instead. Gloria believes that Joe may be too "white" for her family so she takes him in the sun before the photo, leading to a bad sunburn and a worse solution from Manny. Claire is upset with Cameron for not using the clothes she gave Lily, while Mitchell is upset when no one notices his presence or absence, not even when they pose for the portrait picture without him. "Sleeper" received mixed reviews from the critics.

text:
# Sleeper (Modern Family)

"**Sleeper**" is the 21st episode of the fifth season of the American sitcom *Modern Family*, and the series' 117th overall. It was aired on April 30, 2014. The episode was directed by Ryan Case and written by Paul Corrigan & Brad Walsh & Bill Wrubel.

In the episode, the family gets ready for the first family portrait to include Joe. Phil promises Claire that he will wait at the house for a washing machine repairman, but lies that he did not arrive when actually Phil left on a crazy errand. Haley joins Luke at a laundromat to wash his black shirt for the photo, but he ends up leaving with some girl's black shirt instead. Gloria believes that Joe may be too "white" for her family so she takes him in the sun before the photo, leading to a bad sunburn and a worse solution from Manny. Claire is upset with Cameron for not using the clothes she gave Lily, while Mitchell is upset when no one notices his presence or absence, not even when they pose for the portrait picture without him.

"Sleeper" received mixed reviews from the critics.

## Plot

Claire (Julie Bowen) asks Phil (Ty Burrell) to wait for the repairman of the washing machine since the rest of the family will be absent from home. Phil tells her not to worry but when he receives a call from a discman who informs him that a song (which reminisces him about his first sexual experience) has been re-edited, he rushes to the store to buy it. Coming back home and ready to listen to it, he realizes that it looks like infidelity to Claire and decides to destroy the disc. The repairman comes in his absence and Phil feels guilty about it and lies to Claire by saying that the repairman did not come. Claire believes him and calls the company to protest while Phil can not hide his guilt. Alex (Ariel Winter), who has an AP Biology essay assignment about narcolepsy, notices that her dad constantly falls asleep and knowing that this might be a sign of guilt, she forces him to tell the truth on their way to Jay's (Ed O'Neill) house.

Meanwhile, Luke's (Nolan Gould) black shirt needs to be washed as Gloria (Sofía Vergara) decides to organize a new family portrait since Joe's birth. He and Haley (Sarah Hyland) go to the laundromat where the washing machines are located. Haley manages to distract a guy, who turns out to be an ex-boyfriend, while Luke manages to put his shirt among the guy's clothes. When the laundry is done, the guy comes to take it before Luke's finds his shirt. Haley once again tries to distract him while Luke, instead of his black shirt, he takes a girl's one which he enjoys wearing later.

Claire accuses Cameron (Eric Stonestreet) of being too snobby for not getting Lily (Aubrey Anderson-Emmons) to wear her girls' old clothes that she gives to him. Cameron decides to elaborate a false picture in order to prove Claire that she is wrong but she manages to turn back the tables on him when she recognizes a detail on the picture that uncovers his fraud. Gloria steps in to stop the fighting and makes everyone promise that from now on, no one will pass clothes to another, something that also suits her, since she does not like the clothes Cameron gives her for Joe.

Before the portrait, Gloria notices that Joe's face is too "white" and she can not send a picture to her family in Colombia of her son that does not look even a little bit Colombian. Because of that, she decides to expose him to the sun but this leads to dramatic consequences when Joe ends up with a sunburn. Manny (Rico Rodriguez) saves the day by giving Joe make-up which makes him wear Colombia's flag's colors on his face that hide the sunburn.

As Phil is about to confess to Claire about the repairman, a ring flies off from Lily's clothes, which turns out to be Claire's former wedding ring. Claire confesses that she took it off to flirt her way out of a speeding ticket and then she could not find it. Thinking that she lost it, she did not want to tell Phil because she did not want to frustrate him and she bought a fake one to replace it. Phil, after Claire's confession, does not feel guilty anymore about his lie and he forgives Claire.

In the meantime, Mitchell (Jesse Tyler Ferguson) realizes after a sequence of events during the day, that nobody in his own family really knows him. Jay, and later Claire, seem to ignore that he does not play any instruments or eat ice cream. Mitchell also realizes that he is not in any of the pictures with Lily and tries to tell Cameron but he ignores him. Later at Jay's house they do not even notice he is at the house and he finally gets frustrated when everyone poses for the family portrait but no one seems to notice that he is not among them. Jay comforts him by telling him that he lives his life as he wants while he is embarrassed to say that he wants to take Stella to a dog show as a participant. The dog show starts at the same time as the family portrait was arranged and that is why Jay is so in a hurry to finish with it.

The episode ends with Jay taking Stella to the dog show while the whole family is there to support them. Stella obtains a prize and at the end, she is also part of the family portrait.

## Reception

### Ratings

In its original American broadcast, "Sleeper" was watched by 8.39 million; down by 1.2 from the previous episode.

### Critical reception

"Sleeper" received mixed reviews from critics.

Joshua Alston of *The A.V. Club* rated the episode with a C− and wrote, "What makes 'Sleeper' especially disappointing is how it diminishes Phil, *Modern Family*'s most consistently written character, by putting him in an aimless, unfunny plot that even Ty Burrell couldn't save.". In his review for the following episode, "Message Received", he labelled "Sleeper" as "arguably the worst episode of the show's entire run".

Jordan Adler from *We Got This Covered* gave a mixed review to the episode. He stated "Even when Modern Family feels hackneyed or rushed, it is hitting its laugh marks. You cannot help but admire the jokes that hit, even if the tone or pacing is off. An episode as manic and overstuffed as “Sleeper” should not work at all, but the cast manages to make the comedy beats work". He closed his review by saying "Sleeper is far from a great episode of Modern Family, but when it works, the comedy is no slouch".

Leigh Raines of *TV Fanatic* was more positive towards the episode, awarding it a 4/5. She also labelled Lily as the funniest character of the episode, saying "Lily's lines were probably the best part of their scenes in this episode".

1. Bibel, Sara (May 1, 2014). "Wednesday Final Ratings: 'Survivor', 'American Idol' & 'Suburgatory' Adjusted Up; 'Revolution' & 'CSI' Adjusted Down". *TV by the Numbers*. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2014.
2. Alston, Joshua (April 30, 2014). "Modern Family: "Sleeper"". *The A.V. Club*. Retrieved May 6, 2014.
3. Alston, Joshua (May 8, 2014). "Modern Family: Message Received". *The A.V. Club*. Retrieved May 8, 2014.
4. Adler, Jordan (May 1, 2014). "Modern Family Review: Sleeper". Retrieved May 8, 2014.
5. Raines, Leigh (May 1, 2014). "Modern Family Review: Picture Perfect". Retrieved May 8, 2014.

## InfoBox

| "**Sleeper**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Modern Family* episode | |
| Episode no. | Season 5
Episode 21 |
| Directed by | Ryan Case |
| Written by | Paul Corrigan
Brad Walsh
Bill Wrubel |
| Production code | 5ARG22 |
| Original air date | April 30, 2014 (2014-04-30) |
| Guest appearances | |
| * Rod McLachlan as Fred * Jonathan Runyon as Keith | |
|
|


title: Zwicker tone

abstract: A Zwicker tone is a short-term auditory illusion which resembles tinnitus. It was discovered in 1964 by Eberhard Zwicker at Bell Labs. The Zwicker tone can be described as follows: while listening to broadband noise with a spectral gap, if it is switched off a faint tone lasting for several seconds can be heard. In the silence, most listeners hear a tone corresponding to the spectral gap. The pitch strength corresponds to the pitch strength of a pure tone of same pitch and sensation level.

text:
# Zwicker tone

A **Zwicker tone** is a short-term auditory illusion which resembles tinnitus (ringing of the ears). It was discovered in 1964 by Eberhard Zwicker at Bell Labs. The Zwicker tone can be described as follows: while listening to broadband noise ("white noise") with a spectral gap, if it is switched off a faint tone lasting for several seconds can be heard. In the silence, most listeners hear a tone corresponding to the spectral gap. The pitch strength corresponds to the pitch strength of a pure tone of same pitch and sensation level.


title: The Anatomical Record

abstract: The Anatomical Record is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering anatomy. It was established by the American Association of Anatomists in 1906 and is published by John Wiley & Sons. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.064.

text:
# The Anatomical Record

***The Anatomical Record*** is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering anatomy. It was established by the American Association of Anatomists in 1906 and is published by John Wiley & Sons. According to the *Journal Citation Reports*, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.064.

## InfoBox

*The Anatomical Record*
| Discipline | Anatomy |
| --- | --- |
| Language | English |
| Edited by | Heather F. Smith |
| Publication details | |
| History | 1906–present |
| Publisher | John Wiley & Sons |
| Frequency | Monthly |
| Impact factor | 2.064 (2020) |
| Standard abbreviations
 | |
| ISO 4 | *Anat. Rec.* |
| Indexing
 | |
| ISSN | 1932-8486 (print)
1932-8494 (web)
 |
| LCCN | 2006215058 |
| OCLC no. | 70853202 |
| Links | |
|  | |


title: Veeracholan

abstract: Veeracholan is a village of Virudhunagar District in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. As of the 2017 India census, it had a population of 9000, with 6000 males and 3000 females.

text:
# Veeracholan

**Veeracholan** is a village of Virudhunagar District in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. As of the 2017 India census, it had a population of 9000, with 6000 males and 3000 females.

## Educational institutions

There are two primary schools, one secondary school, one higher secondary school and one matriculation school. There is also one Arabic college at the entry of the village.The Arabic college is called Hairathul Islam Arabic college and is run by public fund . Students after qualifying get the Hairi title on their profession. It’s a one of the best charity run organisation in the district.

## Monday market

People from the surrounding area gather at the Monday market to purchase household items like plastic and steel utensils, vegetables, snacks, fruits, flowers, which are in turn be sold by marketers in the area.

On the same day, other things also available like poultry (hens) and goats and sheep. This market started over a century ago. If a festival falls on Monday, the market is advanced to the day before.

9°32′56″N 78°21′43″E / 9.549°N 78.362°E / 9.549; 78.362


title: Muhammad Hasan (Shaki khan)

abstract: Muhammad Hasan Khan was the fifth khan of Shaki.

text:
# Muhammad Hasan (Shaki khan)

**Muhammad Hasan Khan** (Persian: محمد حسن خان; 1760  1831) was the fifth khan of Shaki.

## Early years

He was born around 1760 to Muhammad Husayn khan Mushtaq and Qizkhanum (a daughter of Arash noble Muhammad Salih beg). He was sent to Haji Khan by his father to negotiate peace who in turn imprisoned and sent him to be executed by Ibrahim Khalil khan. However, he was spared and kept hidden for 3 years when he was sent to claim his throne in 1783, killing his uncle and cousins after a successful conquest.

## First reign

One of his first acts was to blind his half-brother Fatali and put in house arrest who was more favored by Arash Mahal nobility. Which caused Salim Khan, another half-brother to flee to Djaro-Belokani in 1784/1785. Salim Khan occupied Shaki when Muhammad Hasan travelled to visit new Qajar shah Agha Muhammad in Karabakh on November/December of 1795. While Salim Khan lost the battle near Goynuk, a sudden arrest of Muhammad Hasan by Mostafa khan Davalu (a general under Agha Muhammad) on the charge of treason, led him to re-occupy Shaki using the opportunity. Muhammad Hasan khan was blinded by Qajars and sent to Tabriz as hostage, meanwhile his 7 underage sons were executed by Salim Khan.

## Second reign

He was restored to power during Agha Muhammad's reconquest of Transcaucasus in 1797. He deposed Salim Khan on 9 May 1797 with help from Qajars while other sources state he was supported by Mustafa khan of Shirvan. His 8 year long second reign came to an end when his relationship with Shirvan strained again. His domains were invaded by Salim Khan who was now supported by Mustafa khan, however instead of battling, he surrendered himself to Mustafa khan, who spared him and sent viceroys to govern Shaki as a part of Shirvan. While Salim Khan informed his brother Fatali of this betrayal, locals enthroned Fatali Khan instead of Muhammad Hasan in defiance of Shirvan.

## Later years

He was spared by Mustafa khan spent rest of his life in exile, wandering Quba Khanate, Ottoman Empire, Qajar Iran and Dagestan to gather support. He marched on Gazikumukh Khanate armies on Shaki sometime later in vain, ultimately settled in Tbilisi with his son and was granted with 150 rubles monthly pension. However he was exiled again to Kharkov and Astrakhan by Russian authorities in suspicion related to Shaki revolt of 1814. He died in 1831 and was buried in Shaki Khan's Mosque.

## Family

He had at least 8 wives and some issues with them:

1. Kheyrannisa khanum (a cousin)
    1. Tuti Agha - married to Ismail Khan Domboli (son of Jafar Qoli Khan Domboli)
2. Huri khanum (sister of Fatali Khan)
    1. Abdulla Agha
    2. Madina Khanum
3. Javahir khanum (Lezgi)
    1. Abdul Rahman Agha
4. Ziba khanum (Udi or Armenian to converted Islam)
    1. Hashim Agha
    2. Fahra Khanum
    3. Amina Khanum
5. Gulandam khanum (Mountain Jew converted to Islam)
6. Maryam khanum (Georgian converted to Islam)
7. Shukufa khanum (Georgian)
    1. Telli Khanum
8. Badi Saba khanum (Georgian)
    1. Zeynab Khanum
9. Other wives with issues:
    1. Kafiya khanum
    2. Asiya khanum
    3. Sadri khanum

Apart from these, he had at least 7 additional sons who were executed in infancy.

1. *History of Shaki in Sources*. Tahirzadä, Ädalät., Azärbaycan Milli Elmlär Akademiyası. Şäki Regional Elmi Märkäzi. Bakı: Master. 2005. pp. 106–107. ISBN 0976995409. OCLC 64428641.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: others (link)
2. Abdulhamid, Haji Seyid (1993). Khans of Shaki and their descendants (PDF) (in Azerbaijani). Baku. // From the history of Shaki Khanate. - second reprint (re-published edition with some amendments to the 1958 edition). - Baku: "Azerbaijan Encyclopedia" NPB, 1993. - ISBN 5-89600-007-4, OCLC 632855026.
3. Shakikhanov, Karim agha. "Brief History of Shaki Khans". *www.drevlit.ru* (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-07-03.
4. *The Dynasty of the Kajars: To which is Prefixed, a Succinct Account of the History of Persia, Previous to that Period*. Bohn. 1833. p. 284.
5. Dubrovin, Nikolay Fedorovich (1886). "History of War and Russian Dominion in the Caucasus (Volume 5)". *runivers.ru*. pp. 426–427. Retrieved 2019-07-03.
6. Acts collected by the Caucasian Archeographic Commission: Volume II, Tbilisi, 1868, p. 643

## InfoBox

| Muhammad Hasan Khan | |
| --- | --- |
| Khan of Shaki | |
| Reign | 1783 – 1795 |
| Predecessor | Haji Khan |
| Successor | Salim Khan |
| Khan of Shaki | |
| Reign | 1797 – 1805 |
| Predecessor | Salim Khan |
| Successor | Fatali Khan |
|  | |
| Born | c. 1760 |
| Died | September 5, 1831(1831-09-05) (aged 70–71)<br>Astrakhan, Astrakhan Governorate,  Russian Empire |
| Burial | Shaki Khans' Mosque |
| House | House of Black Monk |
| Father | Muhammad Husayn Khan Mushtaq |
| Seal |  |


abstract: No Surrender…No Retreat is the third solo studio album by American rapper Bushwick Bill. It was released on October 27, 1998 through Wrap Records with distribution via Ichiban Records. Production was handled by Clarence Jackson, Tim Hill, Glenn Jeffrey, Ken Crossley, and Bushwick Bill himself, who also served as executive producer. It features guest appearances from of D-Ology, Snap and Tabu of the Niyat, Kyhil, Kaos, Nate G., All D. Freeman, BBA, Black Bac Doe, Menace Clan's Dante Miller, Low Key, Q-Dog, Silky Goldez and Tyfeen. The album did not reach the Billboard 200, however, it made it to number 84 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. The album is dedicated to Gil Epstein, a Fort Bend County prosecutor and friend who was gunned down in 1996, two years before the album's release.

text:
# No Surrender...No Retreat to No Surrender

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| RapReviews | 5/10 |

***No Surrender…No Retreat*** is the third solo studio album by American rapper Bushwick Bill. It was released on October 27, 1998 through Wrap Records with distribution via Ichiban Records. Production was handled by Clarence Jackson, Tim Hill, Glenn Jeffrey, Ken Crossley, and Bushwick Bill himself, who also served as executive producer. It features guest appearances from of D-Ology, Snap and Tabu of the Niyat, Kyhil, Kaos, Nate G., All D. Freeman, BBA, Black Bac Doe, Menace Clan's Dante Miller, Low Key, Q-Dog, Silky Goldez and Tyfeen. The album did not reach the *Billboard* 200, however, it made it to number 84 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States.

The album is dedicated to Gil Epstein, a Fort Bend County prosecutor and friend who was gunned down in 1996, two years before the album's release.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Producer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Intro" |  |  | 1:55 |
| 2. | "5 Element Combat" (featuring D-Ology, Snap and Tabu) | * Shaw * D. King * Charles Fields * Tabu * Kyhil | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 5:36 |
| 3. | "2 Hard 2 Test" | Shaw | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 4:06 |
| 4. | "In My Hood" (featuring Ken Crossley) | Crossley | * Ken Crossley * Glenn Jeffrey * Bushwick Bill\[c\] * Tim Hill\[c\] | 4:38 |
| 5. | "My Bitch" (featuring Kaos and Kyhil) | * Shaw * Kaos * Kyhil | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 5:00 |
| 6. | "All D. Freeman" (featuring All D. Freeman) | All D. Freeman |  | 1:12 |
| 7. | "Hood Rat" (featuring Silky Goldez) | * Shaw * Silky Goldez * Kyhil | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 5:10 |
| 8. | "P-Funk" | Shaw | Bushwick Bill | 4:01 |
| 9. | "Don't Be Afraid" (featuring Nate G.) | * Shaw * Nate G. | * Bushwick Bill * Clarence Jackson | 3:19 |
| 10. | "Tragedy" (featuring Dee) | * Shaw * Dante Miller | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 3:15 |
| 11. | "Let da Rain Come Down" (featuring Tyfeen) | * Shaw * Tyfeen | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 3:25 |
| 12. | "Who's the Mack?" | Shaw | Bushwick Bill | 4:37 |
| 13. | "Kaos Cidity" (featuring Kaos and Kyhil) | * Shaw * Kaos | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 3:38 |
| 14. | "Gangsta Funk" | * Shaw * Clarence Jackson | * Bushwick Bill * Clarence Jackson | 2:27 |
| 15. | "SA Fools" (featuring BBA and Q-Dog) | * Shaw * BBA * Q-Dog | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 3:37 |
| 16. | "3 Hard Headz" (featuring Black Bac Doe and Low Key) | * Shaw * Black Bac Doe * Thomas Andre McCollum | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 2:53 |
| 17. | "Let's Give Love Another Try" (featuring Nate G.) | * Shaw * Nate G. | * Bushwick Bill * Clarence Jackson | 2:03 |
| 18. | "Stand by Me" (featuring Kyhil) | * Shaw * Kyhil | Bushwick Bill | 4:49 |
| 19. | "Outro" | Shaw | * Bushwick Bill * Tim Hill | 1:58 |
| Total length: | | | | 1:07:39 |

Notes * **^\[c\]**  signifies a co-producer.

## Personnel

* Richard "Bushwick Bill" Shaw – vocals & producer (tracks: 1–3, 5, 7–19), co-producer (track 4), engineering, mastering, executive producer
* D. "D-Ology" King – vocals (track 2)
* Charles "Snap" Fields – vocals (track 2)
* Tabu – vocals (track 2)
* Kenneth Crossley – vocals & producer (track 4)
* Kaos – vocals (tracks: 5, 13)
* Kyhil – vocals (tracks: 5, 13, 18)
* All D. Freeman – vocals (track 6)
* Silky Goldez – vocals (track 7)
* Nate G. – vocals (tracks: 9, 17)
* Dante "Dee" Miller – vocals (track 10)
* Tyfeen – vocals (track 11)
* BBA – vocals (track 15)
* Q-Dog – vocals (track 15)
* Thomas "Low Key" McCollum – vocals (track 16)
* Black Bac Doe – vocals (track 16)
* Ron Wilson – lead guitar, 5-string bass
* Dre – guitar
* Rich – guitar
* Tim Hill – keyboards, synth bass, drum programming, producer (tracks: 1–3, 5, 7, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16, 19), co-producer (track 4)
* Ed Thompson – drums, percussion
* Damon Sonnier – alto saxophone, tenor saxophone
* Derek Sonnier – trumpet
* Percy Person – engineering
* Daniel Kresco – additional engineering
* Tommy Dorsey – editing, mastering

## Charts

| Chart (1998) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (*Billboard*) | 84 |

## InfoBox

| No Surrender…No Retreat | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Bushwick Bill | |
| Released | October 27, 1998 (1998-10-27) |
| Recorded | 1998 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 1:07:39 |
| Label | Wrap Records |
| Producer | Bushwick Bill |
| Bushwick Bill chronology | |
| *Phantom of the Rapra*
(1995) ***No Surrender…No Retreat***
(1998) *Universal Small Souljah*
(2001) | |


title: Znamenka Street

abstract: Znamenka Street is a street in Khamovniki District of Moscow. It runs from Borovitskaya Square to Arbatskaya Square, lies between Kolymazhny Lane and Vozdvizhenka Street. The numbering of houses is carried out from Borovitskaya Square.

text:
# Znamenka Street

**Znamenka Street** is a street in Khamovniki District of Moscow. It runs from Borovitskaya Square to Arbatskaya Square, lies between Kolymazhny Lane and Vozdvizhenka Street. The numbering of houses is carried out from Borovitskaya Square.

## Etymology

The name appeared at the end of the 16th century and it is named after the Church of the Sign of the Most Holy Theotokos (demolished in 1931). After the Russian Revolution, Znamenka was renamed into Krasnoznamyonnaya Street, and in 1925 into Frunze Street - in honor of the famous Soviet military leader Mikhail Frunze, who died in the same year, who worked in the building of the Revolutionary Military Council located on the street. In 1990, the street was reverted to its original name.

## Geography

The street is near to the Kremlin and many official buildings are located here, for example:

55°43′27″N 37°35′18″E / 55.72417°N 37.58833°E / 55.72417; 37.58833

## InfoBox

Znamenka Street
| Znamenka Street in 2016 | |
| --- | --- |
| Native name | Улица Знаменка (Russian) |
| Length | 0.65 km (0.40 mi) |
| Location | Moscow, Russia
Central Administrative Okrug |
| Nearest metro station | Filyovskaya line Arbatskaya
Serpukhovsko-Timiryazevskaya line Borovitskaya |


title: New Heritage Theatre Group

abstract: New Heritage Theatre Group (NHTG) is the oldest Black nonprofit theater company in New York City, established in 1964. Through its multiple divisions: IMPACT Repertory Theatre, The Roger Furman Reading Series, and New Heritage Films, New Heritage gives training, exposure, and experience to new and emerging artists, playwrights, directors and technicians of color. New Heritage was founded by the late Roger Furman and is currently headed by Executive Producer Voza Rivers and Executive Artistic Director Jamal Joseph. NHTG presentations capture the historical, social, and political experiences of Black and Latino descendants in America and abroad. Since its founding in 1964, the New Heritage Theatre Group has produced and co-presented thousands of theatrical, film, concert, and music productions including The Harlem Shakespeare Festival, presented in collaboration with Take Wing And Soar Productions, to showcase classically trained actors of color; Tony-nominated Asinamali!; the Tony and GRAMMY-nominated Broadway musical Sarafina!; the Obie award-winning Woza Albert!; The Huey P. Newton Story and Township Fever.

text:
# New Heritage Theatre Group

**New Heritage Theatre Group** (NHTG) is the oldest Black nonprofit theater company in New York City, established in 1964. Through its multiple divisions: IMPACT Repertory Theatre, The Roger Furman Reading Series, and New Heritage Films, New Heritage gives training, exposure, and experience to new and emerging artists, playwrights, directors and technicians of color. New Heritage was founded by the late **Roger Furman** and is currently headed by Executive Producer Voza Rivers and Executive Artistic Director Jamal Joseph. NHTG presentations capture the historical, social, and political experiences of Black and Latino descendants in America and abroad.

Since its founding in 1964, the New Heritage Theatre Group has produced and co-presented thousands of theatrical, film, concert, and music productions including *The Harlem Shakespeare Festival*, presented in collaboration with Take Wing And Soar Productions, to showcase classically trained actors of color; Tony-nominated *Asinamali!*; the Tony and GRAMMY-nominated Broadway musical *Sarafina*!; the Obie award-winning *Woza Albert!*; *The Huey P. Newton Story* and *Township Fever*.

## Early history

NHTG was established in 1964 as the New Heritage Repertory Theatre (NHRT) by the late Roger Furman, a playwright, director, actor, and lecturer. Furman's career in Harlem began at the American Negro Theater in the 1940s. He began New Heritage Repertory Theater (NHRT) in 1964 as a street theater while employed with HARYOU-ACT, a federally financed anti-poverty program in Harlem. New Heritage Repertory Theatre, under Furman's leadership, produced over 35 plays including Strivers Row written by Abram Hill, co-founder of the American Negro Theatre. Furman also directed the Three Penny Opera featuring famed actress Geraldine Fitzgerald.

Roger Furman was born on March 22, 1924, in New Jersey and studied theatre arts at the Dramatic Workshop of the New School for Social Research under Erwin Piscator. Furman worked as an apprentice under Rafael Ríos Rey at the National Theatre of Puerto Rico and was a former student at the American Negro Theatre (ANT) with Sidney Potier, Clarice Taylor, Harry Belafonte, Ruby Dee and, Gertrude Jeannette. Furman was the youngest person at the American Negro Theatre commissioned to design a set for *Tin Top Valley*, starring Fred O'Neil, produced by American Negro Theatre. Furman's trademark was imaginative headgear and he believed in Harlem as a fertile theatrical seedbed. In addition to his acting and directing chores, Furman taught courses on the History of Black Drama at New York University, Rutgers, and Hartford University and was a co-founder of the Black Theater Alliance, an organization of performance groups.

His directing chores include Bertolt Brecht's Three Penny Opera, *Wine In The Wilderness* (1969) and, *Mojo: A Black Love Story* (1970) by Alice Childress. Furman wrote and directed the critically acclaimed play *The Long Black Block* (1972) with music by Jackie McClean and co-authored and directed *Fat Tuesday* with Dee Robinson. Roger Furman edited the 35th-anniversary edition of the New York Times Bestseller *The Black Book*, an encyclopedic look at the black experience in America from 1619 through the 1940s. Furman's work as a set designer and the founder of New Heritage Theatre Group is cited in Warren Hoffman's *The Great White Way: Race and the Broadway Musical*.

Additional directing work by Furman includes the award-winning *Montezuma's Revenge*, Harlem's classic On Strivers Row (1949), *A Day of Absent*, *Hip, Black and Angry* (1967), *The Gimmick* (1968), *To Kill a Devil*, *Man In The Family*, *Harlem Heyday*, *Another Shade of Harlem*, *No Snakes In The Grass*, *Monseigneur Baptiste The Con Man* and *Fun in Games*.

New Heritage Repertory Theatre was awarded a training program grant from Columbia University School of Theatre to teach young Black and Puerto Ricans the technical aspects of theatre. In 1973, Roger Furman was a recipient of the AUDELCO Board of Directors Awards and was nominated for best director in 1975 for *Fat Tuesday*. His New Heritage Repertory Theatre was honored by Fibonacci Inc. for its contribution to the rich cultural life of the Harlem community.

### New Leadership

In 1983 upon Furman's death, Voza Rivers, a co-founding member of NHTG (1964) and award-winning music and theatre producer, took over the company and reorganized under the name New Heritage Theatre Group (NHTG). Rivers is an accomplished theatre, music, film and, events producer and is recognized as one of the country's leading African American theatre producers. Since 1983, under the leadership of Voza Rivers, NHTG presents entertaining, informative theatrical productions, staged readings and, documentary shorts and films, the mission was expanded to provide training, experience, and international exposure to veteran and emerging artists.

## Divisions

**IMPACT Repertory Theatre**, the youth division of New Heritage Theatre Group, was established in 1997 by Jamal Joseph, a U.S. writer, director, producer, poet, activist, and educator. Since its founding, IMPACT has featured over 1000 youth between the ages of 12 and 19 with original staged performances in front of live audiences totaling over 100,000.

IMPACT’S ongoing performance program, creative labs, and twelve-week intensive artist and activist training programs are tuition-free. Several hundred IMPACT alumnae have attended or are currently enrolled in college and graduate schools that include top-tier historically black colleges and universities and IVEY league institutions across the United States.

IMPACT was OSCAR and GRAMMY-nominated for their song Raise It Up from the movie August Rush starring Robin Williams. In December 2014, IMPACT performed a 20-minute piece in front of the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge alongside youth performers from youth empowerment organizations The Door and the CityKids Foundation.

IMPACT has also appeared in the films Disappearing Acts and *Hughes' Dreams Harlem* (2002). Live performances include People Magazines Next Great Artists Showcase, the Apollo, Lincoln Center, the Public Theater, The United Nations, Major League Soccer's Tribute to Pele. IMPACT has been featured in several television programs including ABC, CBS, NBC.

**The Roger Furman Reading Series** works with emerging and established playwrights on early drafts of their scripts to produce their work in front of a live audience. The series also provides a vehicle for celebrity artists associated with the company to return and perform in Harlem. Highlights of the Roger Furman Reading Series include producing plays for award-winning actors, playwright and author Daniel Beaty and, playwright and radio host Esther Armah.

In 2015 Voza Rivers and New Heritage Theatre Group partnered with MIST Harlem to present the staged reading series Bold New Voices, Past, Present and Future. The Bold New Voices series presented and created stories about people of color. Programs encompassed African American, Asian, Hispanic and, the African Diaspora cultural communities featuring music, film, drama, talk-backs, symposiums, play-writing, poetry, fiction workshops and more

**New Heritage Films & Harlemwood Film Festival** explores issues of the African diaspora through film. Annually, New Heritage Films features documentaries and films in the Harlem community from emerging and established filmmakers through the Harlemwood Film Festival. Productions include *Hughes' Dream Harlem* (2002), *Savoy King* (2012), *A-Alike* (2003) and *Chapter and Verse* (2015).

A partial listing of films produced by New Heritage Films includes the award-winning *Hughes' Dream Harlem* (2002),  *Sonia Sanchez: Shake Loose Memories* (2011) *Percy Sutton: A Man for All Seasons*, *Da Zone*, *Drive By: A Love Story* (1997), *The Black New Yorkers*, *Burning Sands*, The 95th Anniversary of the National Urban League, the 110th Anniversary of The Greater Harlem Chamber of Commerce, *Harlem is...Music*, *Harlem is...Theater*, and *Harlem is... Gospel* documentaries.

## International Programming

NHTG seeks to bring attention to works by international writers, directors, and artists who lack exposure in the United States.

### NHTG and Japan Connection

New Heritage Theatre Group has a long-standing historical relationship with Japan. Collaborations have resulted in then-Japanese Crown Prince Akihito's 1987 visit to Harlem and dozens of concerts in Japan and New York featuring Japanese and African American entertainers. New Heritage and its collaborating partners produce benefit concerts, theatrical productions, and exhibitions in partnership with the Japan Chamber of Commerce, The Japan Society, and The Consulate General of Japan in support of breaking down barriers of cultural misunderstanding. In 2012 New Heritage Theatre Group produced the 100th anniversary of the Sakura Cherry Blossom Festival in Harlem.

### NHTG and South African Connection

New Heritage Theatre Groups connection to South African theatre began in 1984 when Rivers and his production team Andre Robinson, Phyllis Yvonne Stickney, and his South African producing team Duma Ndlovu and Mbongeni Ngema transferred South African play Woza Albert!, a play that opened at Johannesburg's Market Theater and toured in Europe and America as the most successful play to come out of South Africa to Harlem's New Heritage Theatre. The successful impact of Striver's Row inspired Rivers to look beyond the African American experience and reach across the world to introduce Harlem to the works of Black South African playwrights and actors, creating an opportunity to bring lessons from the South African Apartheid to the Harlem community. NHTG produced a series of plays in the 1980s — including Woza Albert(1985)!, *Asinamli!* (1986) and Sarafina! (1987) that educated Harlemites about the apartheid struggle. *Asinimali*, a play about the celebration of resistance, opened in 1986 at Roger Furman's New Heritage Repertory Theatre (now known as New Heritage Theatre Group) just two weeks after an attack by an armed mob, killing the shows local promoter as a reaction to the plays political stance.

In 2014 New Heritage Theatre Group was represented on a panel at the Apollo Theatre along with former Mayor David Dinkins, actor and activist Harry Belafonte, Black Star News publisher Milton Allimadi, National Black Theatre CEO Sade Lythcott, South African Consul General George Monyemangene that was part of a four-day festival that highlighted Harlem's longstanding relationship with South Africa, also celebrating the 20th anniversary of Nelson Mandela's historic inauguration as South Africa's first black president.

### NHTG and Cuba Connection

In 2015, Executive Producer and Founding Member of New Heritage Theatre Group Voza Rivers joined U.S. representatives on a state trade mission to Cuba. The delegation met with senior officials of the Cuban government on trade, business, and tourism to continue the process of normalization and cultural exchange between Harlem, the US, and Havana, Cuba.

The first annual Harlem/Havana Music and Cultural Festival was launched in the summer of 2016, during the 42nd anniversary of the HARLEMWEEK Festival at The Cathedral Church of St.John Divine. The annual Harlem/Havana Music and Cultural Festival celebrates the ongoing harmonious relationship between the two countries with a lineup of Afro-Cuban jazz, dance performances, workshops, photography installations, Cuban cuisine, and art exhibitions.

New Heritage Theatre Group has also presented productions featuring *Oyu Oro* Afro-Cuban Dance company. *Oyo Oro* is committed to the preservation of Afro-Cuban folklore, as well as the encouragement of cross-cultural understanding of dance and music.

## Collaborations

### New Heritage Theatre Group and Harlem Arts Alliance

New Heritage Theatre Group partners and collaborates with many arts and culture organizations including **Harlem Arts Alliance**, a not-for-profit membership-based arts advocacy organization, founded in 2001. Harlem Arts Alliance is committed to its mission of nurturing the artistic growth of artists and the organizational development of arts organizations based in Harlem and surrounding communities. Harlem Arts Alliance (HAA) bridges gaps between artists and major arts institutions, amplifying the unique voices of its member artists and expanding the conversations surrounding their work through workshops, showcases, and presentation programs featuring the work of its members. New Heritage Theatre Group co-produces a variety of programming in partnership with Harlem Arts Alliance including the Kwanzaa Artisan Marketplace in partnership with the American Museum of Natural History, The 4 Pillar Summer Arts Program, and Deconstructing Harlem's Black Theaters which is a town hall discussion in partnership with Coalitions of Theaters of Color and Harlem Hospital.

Harlem Arts Alliance provides a critical set of programs and services to its members which also includes performance and exhibition opportunities, professional and creative development workshops, Harlem Arts Advocacy Week, grants to artists and art organizations, and monthly meetings designed for information exchange and networking.

### New Heritage Theatre Group and Shades of Truth Theatre

Since 2003, **Shades of Truth Theatre** in collaboration with Voza Rivers and New Heritage Theatre Group has produced various plays regarding the Black experience including Celeste Bedford Walker's *Black Wall Street* and *Camp Logan*. Together they have also presented Jeff Stetson's *The Meeting* at venues throughout the Tri-State area and across the United States. A partial listing of additional co-productions include *The Day Harlem Saved Dr. King* and *Black Wall Street: Ten Stories High*, a series of short plays that chronicle the rise and fall of successful Black Towns that were established during and post-reconstruction.

### New Heritage Theatre Group and Take Wing and Soar Productions, Inc.

**Take Wing And Soar Productions, Inc.** is a women-led 501©3 theatre company dedicated to supporting women, youth, and classically trained actors of color, founded by Debra Ann Byrd. Take Wing And Soar Productions, in partnership with New Heritage Theatre Group, have presented multiple collaborations including a main-stage production of Oscar Wilde's *The Important of Being Earnest* (2013), directed by Kevin Connell.

In the summer of 2013, the Harlem Shakespeare Festival was launched by Take Wing and Soar Productions and New Heritage Theatre Group. The annual Festival's mission is to foster understanding and unity in the arts by producing special events and plays with diverse casts and to create center stage opportunities for classically trained actors of color. Productions include the all-female, multi-racial mainstage production of *Othello: The Moor of Venice* (2019).

## Community partners

• City College Aaron Davis Hall • Apollo Theatre Foundation • Columbia University Arts Initiative • Columbia University School of the Arts • Community Works • El Museo Del Barrio • Frank Silvera's Writers Workshop • Greater Harlem Chamber of Commerce • Harbor Conservatory for the Performing Arts • Harlem Arts Alliance • Harlem Jazz and Music Festival • Harlem Week • Museum of the City of New York • National Black Sports and Entertainment Hall of Fame • New Federal Theatre • The National Museum of Catholic Arts • Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture • Tupac Amaru Shakur Center for The Arts

## Production Highlights (partial listing)

This list is a partial listing of productions New Heritage Theatre Group has produced or co-produced in conjunction with one or more of its collaborating partners.

### Theatrical Productions

* *Three Shades of Harlem* (1964)
* *Ruby Dee* (1964)
* *Three Shades of Harlem* (1964)
* *Hip, Black and Angry* (1967)
* *Another Shade of Harlem* (1968)
* *To Kill a Devil* (1968)
* *Wine in the Wilderness* (1971)
* *Madame Odum* (1972)
* *The Long Black Block* (1972, 1975, 1995)
* *Geraldine Fitzgerald's Three Penny Opera* (1972)
* *Mama Odun* (1973)
* *On Strivers Row* (1974, 1984)
* *Fat Tuesday* (1975)
* *Kingdom and the Ceremony* (1977)
* *Four O'Clock on a Rainy Afternoon* (1978)
* *The Legend of Deadwood Dick* (1979)
* *Roshamon* (1979)
* *Monsieur Baptiste the Con Man* (1981)
* *Clinton: An Urban Fairytale* (1984)
* *Casualties and Lesson Plans* (1984)
* *Zora* (1984)
* *Janin* (1984)
* *Woza Albert!* (1984)
* *When Chickens Come Home to Roost* (1984)
* *The Gimmick* (1986)
* *Asinimali!* (1986)
* *Sarafina!* (1987)
* *Township Fever!* (1990)
* *The Third Rhythm* (1990)
* *An Aftertaste of Sherry* (1993)
* *Madame CJ Walker* (1995)
* *The Long Black Block* (1995)
* *Goddess City* (1996)
* *Spiritual Journey* (1997)
* *Five Stops on a Merry Go Round* (2001)
* *Woza Albert!* (2004)
* *Tierno Bokar* (2005)
* *Winterkill* (2005)
* *Camp Logan* (2006)
* *Esther Armah: Can I Be Me?* (2007)
* *Martin, Malcolm and, Medgar* (2008)
* *Formerly Known as Sarah* (2008)
* *The Session* (2008)
* *Daniel Beaty: Resurrection* (2008)
* *Camp Logan* (2008)
* *Esther Armah: Forgive Me* (2008)
* *The Session* (2008)
* *The Meeting* (2009)
* *Daniel Beaty: Tearing Down the Walls* (2011)
* *When Chickens Come Home to Roost* (2011)
* *Lorey Hayes: Haiti's Children of God* (2011)
* *Massinissa* (2011)
* *Esther Armah: Savior* (2011)
* *The Savoy King* (2012)
* *Daniel Beaty: Mr. Joy* (2012)
* *The Fannie Lou Hamer Story* (2012)
* *Circumstances* (2012)
* *Daniel Beaty: Through the Night* (2012)
* *Love to All Lorraine* (2012)
* *Daniel Beaty: Emergency* (2012)
* *Coriolanus: An African Warrior*
* *Adam* (2012, 2013)
* *The Importance of Being Earnest* (2013)
* *Harlem Shakespeare Festival* (2013)
* *Benefits* (2013)
* *The Firefighters* (2014)
* *IMPACT: Peace Warriors* (2014)
* *Sable Series* (2014)
* *Lissabon* (2014)
* *Whistle in Mississippi* (2014)
* *The People vs. Clarendon County* (2014)
* *The Kitchen* (2014)
* *Inamori Project: Prayer, Love and Peace* (2012, 2014)
* *Annual Harlem Shakespeare Festival* (2013, 2014)
* *Black Wall Street* (2014)
* *The Dawn of the Rooster* (2015)
* *A Double Encore Production* (2015)
* *Anne and Emmett* (2015)
* *Othello: The Moor of Venice* (2015)
* *Gravity of Love\** (2017)
* *Holding On* (2012-2019)
* *Urge to Purge* (2018)
* *March On* (2018)
* *Unheard Noted* (2018)
* *Barbra Jordan* (2018)
* *Father's Day* (2018)
* *Sable Series* (2018)
* *Mable Madness*(2018)
* *Harlem Saved a King* (2018)
* *Tales of Women* (2018)
* *Black Turns Gold* (2018
* *The Meeting* (2012-2018)
* *Truebone*(2016-2019)
* *The Fannie Lou Hammer Story: Sick and Tired of Being Sick and Tired* (2018-2019)
* *Reading of FOUNDATION* (2019)
* *One Last Night Before Sempiternity* (2019)
* *Fifi Dalla The African Pearl* (2019)
* *Holding On* (2019)
* *My Harlem 'Tis of Thee* (2019)
* *It Can't Happen Here* (2020)
* *Turning 15 On The Road To Freedom*(2020)
* *Casting the Vote* (2020)
* *The Fannie Lou Hammer Story Live on Facebook and Instagram* (2020)
* *The Importance of Being Earnest* (2020)
* *It is Africa* (2020)

### Roger Furman Reading Series

* *Living Doll* (1990)
* *Crimen Injuria* (1990)
* *Friends* (1991)
* *The Race to Olduvai*
* *Fathers and Mothers* (1991)
* *Union* (1991)
* *Bailey's Café* (1991-1996)
* *Les Femme Noires* (1994)
* *A Way out of No Way* (1995)
* *Sarah's Jukebox* (1996)
* *On My Birthday* (1996)
* *Eldridge Cleaver Memorial*
* *Frankie Cracker Memorial* (2000)
* *Five Stops on a Merry Go Round* (2001)
* *Nothin' But the Truth* (2003)
* *Habit Forms* (2003)
* *Punching at the Sun* (2004)
* *Nobody Knew Who They Was* (2004)
* *Pass Perfect* (2004)
* *A Song for You...* (2006)
* *Are You Dead Yet?* (2006)
* *Weekend Pass* (2006)
* *Deliver the Dance* (2006)
* *Paradise Lost* (2006)
* *Malcolm, Martin, Medgar* (2006)
* *Your God's Not Coming* (2007)
* *Long Black Block* (2007)
* *Almost September* (2008)
* *The Diva and the Rapper* (2008)
* *The Diva and the Rapper II* (2009)
* *A Paradise Lost* (2009)
* *Strama Baby* (2009)
* *Esther Armah: Entitled?* (2009)
* *The Haitians* (2010)
* *Power Play* (2011, 2012, 2013)
* *Portrait of an Earl* (2011)
* *Esther Armah: Savior* (2011)
* *Vito Marcantonio* (2011)
* *A Few Brave Men* (2012)
* *Bill Harris: BLUES & JAZZ Plays, Poems* (2012)
* *Othello: The Moore of Venice* (2013)
* *Short Eyes* (2013)
* *Freedom Summer* (2014)
* *Julius Caesar* (2015)
* *The Chosen Few* (2015)
* *The Park Plays* (2015)
* *The Sable Series: The History of Black Shakespearean Actors* (2015)

### Concert Productions

* *Let The Music Say Amen* (1993)
* *Roger Furman's 30th Anniversary Celebration* (1994)
* *3 Guys Named Joe* (1997)
* *TriHarLenium Continues* (2000)
* *Higher Ground: Expression In Dance and Song* (2001)
* *IMPACT: 6th Anniversary* (2002)
* *Ken Hicks: Sings Avanti* (2005)
* Jazz for Peace (2005)
* *Harlem Ladies in Music* (2006)
* *Write On Rosie* (2006)
* *Ebony Stages A Celebration of Contemporary Black Theater, American Museum of Natural History* (2006)
* *Lee Olive Tucker, Museum of the City of New York* (2006)
* *Craig Harris' God's Trombones* (2006)
* *Kwanzaa Spirit,American Museum of Natural History* (2006)
* *Kwanzaa Celebration, American Museum of Natural History* (2007)
* *Late Great Ladies of Blues and Jazz* (2007)
* *IMPACT 10th Anniversary Gala and Screening of August Rush* (2007)
* *Voices for Peace* (2007)
* *Unheard Notes* (2007)
* *It's Always You, Lainie Cooke* (2007)
* *Kwanzaa, American Museum of Natural History* (2008)
* *Do Enka* (2008)
* *Berta's Jam* (2008)
* *Do Wop Love* (2008)
* *Pass the Torch Blues Tap and Swing* (2008)
* *All of Me, Lainie Cooke* (2009)
* *Artspeak with Tsidii* (2009)
* *Jazz for Peace* (2009)
* *IMPACT nominated for Academy Award for the song "Raise it Up", on the August Rush Soundtrack* (2008)
* *IMPACT: Raise it Up" at 2008 Oscar Award Ceremony* (2008)
* *IMPACT: Raise it Up at the Apollo Theater* (2008)
* *Wild Women Don't Have the Blues* (2009)
* *IMPACT Vibe: Concert* (2009)
* *IMPACT: Raise It Up* (2009)
* *IMPACT: I Live* (2010)
* *It's Always You featuring Lainie Cooke* (2010)
* *The Sakura Cherry Blossom Festival* (2010)
* *Harlem 4 Japan Benefit Concert* (2010)
* *Message Behind the Music with Obediah Wright* (2010)
* *Do Enka Concert* (2010)
* *Kwanzaa 2010: The Legacy Continues with McCollough Invaders, and Kochegena* (2010)
* *Nothin' But the Blues* (2010)
* *The Sakura Cherry Blossom Festival* (2010)
* *Berta's Jam II* (2011)
* *IMPACT: Dream Keepers* (2011)
* *Saluting our Jazz Elders with Joey Morant and New Amsterdam Music Association and Randy Weston* (2011)
* *Speaking in Rhythm featuring IMPACT* (2011)
* *Removing the Bars* (2012)
* *Voices from Japan* (2012)
* *Do Enka II* (2012)
* *In the Spirit What's Your Groove* (2012)
* *IMPACT Repertory Theatre 15th Anniversary Celebration* (2012)
* *R&B & Blues: IMPACT Legacy, Kwame & The Uptown Shakedown* (2012)
* *First Fruits of the Harvest Kwanzaa Celebration featuring B Smith Restoration Theatre* (2012)
* *African American Musical Mosaic: First Corinthian Baptist Church Choir, Sandra Reeves Phillips, IMPACT with Darryl "DMC" McDaniels*
* *Stories We Tell: A Tribute to Storytellers* (2012)
* *Global Weekends: 35th Anniversary Celebration Kwanzaa at the American Museum of Natural History* (2013)
* *Focus on Peace: Art Exhibition and Taiko Japanese Drummers* (2014)
* *International Jazz Festival* (2015)
* *Tribute to Ben E King* (December 2015)
* *Lainie Cooke in Concert* (2018)
* *Musical Tribute to Hugh Masakela* (2019)
* *Biko Rising* (2019)
* *More or Less I am* (2019)
* *Harlem Celebrates Cuba and its Music* (2019)
* *It is Africa* (2020)

### Film Productions and Events

* *Hughes' Dreams Harlem (Film)* (2002)
* *International Black Panther Film Festival* (2003)
* *It's Always You: Lainie Cooke* (2007, 2010)
* *A Celebration of the Life and work of Lorraine Hansberry* (2010)
* *Harlem is… Gospel, Documentary* (2011)
* *Harlem is… Music, Documentary* (2011)
* *Harlem is… Theater, Documentary* (2011)
* *Black Panther Film Festival* (2011)
* *R&B & Blues: IMPACT Legacy, Kwame & The Uptown Shakedown* (2012)
* *"Tilai" : Harlemwood Film Festival* (2012)
* *Savoy King* (2012)
* *Screening, Premiere or ESPN 30 for 20 Series One Night in Vegas* (2012)
* *Elza, Screening* (2012)
* *We Remember Sassy with Mzuri Moyo* (2013)
* *Focus on Peace: Art Exhibition and Taiko Japanese Drummers* (2013)
* *"Anom Du Christ" Harlemwood Film Festival* (2013)
* *Yuri Kochiyama Memorial* (2014)
* *Finding Fela, Screening* (2014)
* *Twenty Feet From Stardom, Screening* (2014)
* *Chapter & Verse* (2015)
* *SummerStage Harlem* (2019)
* *True See* (2019)

## Workshops

* *Del Caribe Soy* (2018-2019)

## InfoBox

New Heritage Theatre Group
| Founded | 1964 |
| --- | --- |
| Founder | Roger Furman |
| Focus | Black theatre |
| Location |  |
| Area served | Harlem, New York |
| Key people | Voza Rivers, Executive Producer |
| Website |  |


title: 1989 CONCACAF Championship

abstract: The 1989 CONCACAF Championship was the tenth and final edition of the CONCACAF Championship held under the format of serving as qualification to the 1990 FIFA World Cup and having no host nation for the final round. The tournament would be succeeded by the CONCACAF Gold Cup in 1991. Costa Rica narrowly emerged as champions on goal difference to win their third title and participate in their first World Cup. The United States finished runners-up by virtue of one goal and qualified for their first World Cup in forty years. The U.S. gained their first World Cup qualification in 40 years by beating Trinidad and Tobago in their last game by 1–0, with a goal dubbed "The Shot Heard around the World". A total of sixteen CONCACAF teams entered the competition. However, FIFA rejected the entry of Belize due to debts to FIFA.

text:
# 1989 CONCACAF Championship

The **1989 CONCACAF Championship** was the tenth and final edition of the CONCACAF Championship held under the format of serving as qualification to the 1990 FIFA World Cup and having no host nation for the final round. The tournament would be succeeded by the CONCACAF Gold Cup in 1991.

Costa Rica narrowly emerged as champions on goal difference to win their third title and participate in their first World Cup. The United States finished runners-up by virtue of one goal and qualified for their first World Cup in forty years. The U.S. gained their first World Cup qualification in 40 years by beating Trinidad and Tobago in their last game by 1–0, with a goal dubbed "The Shot Heard around the World".

A total of sixteen CONCACAF teams entered the competition. However, FIFA rejected the entry of Belize due to debts to FIFA.

## Qualification

Five teams qualified from the two stage qualification process that ran from April to November 1988. Mexico were disqualified during this stage after having been found to have fielded over-aged players during the 1988 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament. Their scheduled opponents Costa Rica therefore advanced to the Final Round unopposed.

## Teams

## Final round

| Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GD | Pts |  | CRC | USA | TRI | GUA | SLV |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Costa Rica | 8 | 5 | 1 | 2 | 10 | 6 | +4 | 11 |  |  | 1–0 | 1–0 | 2–1 | 1–0 |
| United States | 8 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 3 | +3 | 11 |  | 1–0 |  | 1–1 | 2–1 | 0–0 |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 5 | +2 | 9 |  | 1–1 | 0–1 |  | 2–1 | 2–0 |
| Guatemala | 6 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 3 | 3 |  | 1–0 | 0–0 | 0–1 |  | Canc. |
| El Salvador | 6 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 8 | 6 | 2 |  | 2–4 | 0–1 | 0–0 | Canc. |  |

Source: RSSSF

**Costa Rica** won the 1989 CONCACAF Championship and, along with the **United States**, qualified for the 1990 FIFA World Cup.

| Guatemala | 1–0 | Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Chacón  39' (pen.) |  |  |

Estadio Mateo Flores, Guatemala CityAttendance: 32,093Referee: Tony Evangelista (Canada)

---

| Costa Rica | 2–1 | Guatemala |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Flores  42'
Coronado  78' |  | Rodas  51' |

Estadio Nacional de Costa Rica, San JoséAttendance: 25,003Referee: John Meachin (Canada)

---

| Costa Rica | 1–0 | United States |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Rhoden  14' |  |  |

Estadio Nacional de Costa Rica, San JoséAttendance: 26,271Referee: José Antonio Garza (Mexico)

---

| United States | 1–0 | Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Ramos  72' |  |  |

Saint Louis Soccer Park, FentonAttendance: 8,500Referee: Rodolfo Méndez (Honduras)

---

| United States | 1–1 | Trinidad and Tobago |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Trittschuh  48' |  | Charles  88' |

Murdock Stadium, TorranceAttendance: 10,000Referee: Luigi Agnolin (Italy)

---

| Trinidad and Tobago | 1–1 | Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Jones  13' |  | Coronado  69' |

National Stadium, Port of SpainAttendance: 26,000Referee: Edgardo Codesal (Mexico)

---

| Costa Rica | 1–0 | Trinidad and Tobago |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cayasso  2' |  |  |

Estadio Nacional de Costa Rica, San JoséAttendance: 18,282Referee: José Joaquín Torres Cadena (Colombia)

---

| United States | 2–1 | Guatemala |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Murray  3'
Eichmann  67' |  | Chacón  22' |

Veterans Stadium, New BritainAttendance: 10,500Referee: Gordon Arrowsmith (Canada)

---

| El Salvador | 2–4 | Costa Rica |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Rodriguez  24'
Rivas  63' |  | Cayasso  16'
Hidalgo  46'
Flóres  51', 75' |

Estadio Cuscatlán, San SalvadorAttendance: 40,000Referee: Arturo Brizio Carter (Mexico)

---

| Costa Rica | 1–0 | El Salvador |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Fernández  55' |  |  |

Estadio Nacional de Costa Rica, San JoséAttendance: 26,473Referee: Jorge Orellana Vimos (Ecuador)

---

| Trinidad and Tobago | 2–0 | El Salvador |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Lewis  50', 61' |  |  |

National Stadium, Port of SpainAttendance: 23,000Referee: Tony Evangelista (Canada)

---

| El Salvador | 0–0 | Trinidad and Tobago |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Estadio Nacional, TegucigalpaAttendance: 16,882Referee: Gonzalo Tejada (Honduras)

---

| Guatemala | 0–1 | Trinidad and Tobago |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Jamerson  57' |

Estadio Mateo Flores, Guatemala CityReferee: Arturo Brizio Carter (Mexico)

---

| Trinidad and Tobago | 2–1 | Guatemala |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Jones  10'
Jamerson  88' |  | Rodas  6' |

National Stadium, Port of SpainReferee: Horacio Cachay Díaz (Peru)

---

| El Salvador | 0–1 | United States |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Pérez  61' |

Estadio Nacional, TegucigalpaAttendance: 3,700Referee: Edgardo Codesal (Mexico)

---

| Guatemala | 0–0 | United States |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Estadio Mateo Flores, Guatemala CityAttendance: 8,000Referee: Elías Jácome (Ecuador)

---

| United States | 0–0 | El Salvador |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Saint Louis Soccer Park, FentonAttendance: 8,500Referee: John Meachin (Canada)

---

| Trinidad and Tobago | 0–1 | United States |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Caligiuri  30' |

National Stadium, Port of SpainAttendance: 35,000Referee: Juan Carlos Loustau (Argentina)

---

| El Salvador | Not Played | Guatemala |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Estadio Doroteo Guamuch Flores, Guatemala City, Guatemala

---

| Guatemala | Not Played | El Salvador |
| --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |

Estadio Doroteo Guamuch Flores, Guatemala City, Guatemala

| 1989 CONCACAF Championship winners |
| --- |
| **
Costa Rica
Third title** |

## Goalscorers

2 goals   1 goal

## InfoBox

1989 CONCACAF Championship
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Dates | 19 March – 19 November |
| Teams | 5 (from 1 confederation) |
| Final positions | |
| Champions | Costa Rica (3rd title) |
| Runners-up | United States |
| Third place | Trinidad and Tobago |
| Fourth place | Guatemala |
| Tournament statistics | |
| Matches played | 18 |
| Goals scored | 29 (1.61 per match) |
| Top scorer(s) | *Eight players*
(2 goals each) |
|


title: Tubulin alpha-1A chain

abstract: Tubulin alpha-1A chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TUBA1A gene. Tubulin alpha-1A chain is a type of alpha-tubulin involved in the formation of microtubules, which are structural proteins that play a role in the cytoskeletal structure. Microtubules are composed of heterodimers of alpha- and beta-tubulin molecules. Tubulin alpha-1A (TUBA1A) is a primary alpha-tubulin expressed in the human fetal brain, specifically found in that structure.

text:
# Tubulin alpha-1A chain

**Tubulin alpha-1A chain** is a protein that in humans is encoded by the *TUBA1A* gene.

Tubulin alpha-1A chain is a type of alpha-tubulin involved in the formation of microtubules, which are structural proteins that play a role in the cytoskeletal structure. Microtubules are composed of heterodimers of alpha- and beta-tubulin molecules. Tubulin alpha-1A (TUBA1A) is a primary alpha-tubulin expressed in the human fetal brain, specifically found in that structure.

## Function

Microtubules of the eukaryotic cytoskeleton perform essential and diverse functions and are composed of a heterodimer of alpha and beta tubulins. The genes encoding these microtubule constituents belong to the tubulin superfamily, which is composed of six distinct families. Genes from the alpha, beta and gamma tubulin families are found in all eukaryotes. The alpha and beta tubulins represent the major components of microtubules, while gamma tubulin plays a critical role in the nucleation of microtubule assembly. There are multiple alpha and beta tubulin genes, which are highly conserved among species. This gene encodes alpha tubulin and is highly similar to mouse and rat Tuba1 gene. Northern blotting studies have shown that the gene expression is predominantly found in morphologically differentiated neurologic cells. This gene is one of three alpha-tubulin genes in a cluster on chromosome 12q.

Alpha-tubulins, including TUBA1A, are involved in neuronal development and maturation. Studies have shown that the rat homologs of human TUBA1A, such as Tα1, exhibit elevated expression during the extension of neuronal processes. In experiments where pheochromocytoma cells were cultured with Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), differentiation and the development of neuronal processes were observed, accompanied by a significant increase in Tα1 mRNA expression, while T26 mRNA expression showed minimal change.

TUBA1A is believed to play a role in neuronal migration by regulating microtubule dynamics, enabling the rapid formation and disassembly of polymers, which allows for the extension and retraction of processes necessary for nucleokinesis.

RNA in situ hybridization studies demonstrated the expression of TUBA1A in mouse embryos. Embryonic day 16.5 sections showed strong labeling in the telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon, developing cerebellum, brainstem, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglia.

## Interactions

TUBA1A has been shown to interact with PAFAH1B1.

## Animal models

Keays et al. describe a mouse with a mutation of the TUBA1A gene induced by N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea. The relevant point mutation resulted in S140G; the site of the mutation participates in the N-site of the formed α-tubulin, and participates in stabilizing the α-β tubulin polymer by binding GTP at this site. The S140G mutation resulted in the formation of a “compromised GTP binding pocket”. Authors note defects associated with cortical layers II/III and IV, especially in cortical neuronal migration (with respect to wild-type counterparts), showing that the S140G mutation has value as a model for detailing disease associated with the Human TUBA homolog.

## Clinical significance

Mutations to the TUBA1A gene manifest clinically as Type 3 Lissencephaly. In general, lissencephaly is characterized by agyria (lacking of gyri and sulci to the brain – a smooth brain), seizure activity, failure to thrive, as well as intellectual disability and psychomotor retardation, often to a profound degree. The symptoms of Lis3 Lissencephaly are not especially different from generalized lissencephaly (Lis1, related to PAFAH1B1). Diagnosis of lissencephaly generally is made from the symptom profile, while attribution to a specific type is obtained by microarray. Treatment is symptomatic; anti-convulsive drugs for seizure activity, g-button gastrostomy to feed the child, physical therapy for muscle disorders. TUBA1A mutation is common in microlissencephaly

## Further reading

* Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: *Q71U36* (Human Tubulin alpha-1A chain) at the PDBe-KB.
* Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: *P68369* (Mouse Tubulin alpha-1A chain) at the PDBe-KB.

## InfoBox

| TUBA1A | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | | | |
| Available structures  PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB | | | |
| Identifiers | | | |
| Aliases | TUBA1A, B-ALPHA-1, LIS3, TUBA3, tubulin alpha 1a | | |
| External IDs | OMIM: 602529; MGI: 98869; HomoloGene: 68498; GeneCards: TUBA1A; OMA:TUBA1A - orthologs | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | |
| Orthologs  Species **Human** **Mouse**  Entrez   Ensembl   UniProt   RefSeq (mRNA)     NM\_006009
NM\_001270399
NM\_001270400   NM\_011653   RefSeq (protein)     NP\_001257328
NP\_001257329
NP\_006000   NP\_035783   Location (UCSC) Chr 12: 49.18 – 49.19 Mb Chr 15: 98.85 – 98.85 Mb  PubMed search | | | |
| Wikidata | | | |
| View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse | | | |


title: Small nucleolar RNA SNORA46

abstract:
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA SNORA46 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a 'guide RNA'.
ACA46 was originally cloned from HeLa cells and belongs to the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs as it has the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure, has the conserved H/ACA-box motifs and is found associated with GAR1 protein. snoRNA ACA46 is predicted to guide the pseudouridylation of U649 of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Pseudouridylation is the isomerisation of the nucleoside uridine to the different isomeric form pseudouridine.

text:
# Small nucleolar RNA SNORA46

In molecular biology, **Small nucleolar RNA SNORA46** (also known as ACA46) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a 'guide RNA'. ACA46 was originally cloned from HeLa cells and belongs to the H/ACA box class of snoRNAs as it has the predicted hairpin-hinge-hairpin-tail structure, has the conserved H/ACA-box motifs and is found associated with GAR1 protein. snoRNA ACA46 is predicted to guide the pseudouridylation of U649 of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Pseudouridylation is the isomerisation of the nucleoside uridine to the different isomeric form pseudouridine.

## InfoBox

| Small nucleolar RNA SNORA46 | |
| --- | --- |
| Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SNORA46 | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | SNORA46 |
| Alt. Symbols | snoACA46 |
| Rfam | RF00404 |
| Other data | |
| RNA type | Gene; snRNA; snoRNA; HACA-box |
| Domain(s) | Eukaryota |
| GO | GO:0006396  GO:0005730 |
| SO | SO:0000594 |
| PDB structures | PDBe |


title: Zonosemata electa

abstract: Zonosemata electa is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus Zonosemata of the family Tephritidae. It is found in North America.

text:
# Zonosemata electa

***Zonosemata electa*** (also known as pepper maggot) is a species of tephritid or fruit flies in the genus *Zonosemata* of the family Tephritidae. It is found in North America.

## InfoBox

| *Zonosemata electa* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Zonosemata electa*, Virginia | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Tephritidae |
| Genus: | *Zonosemata* |
| Species: | ***Z. electa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Zonosemata electa***<br>(Say, 1830) | |
|


title: The Art of More

abstract: The Art of More is an American drama television series which debuted on November 19, 2015, on Crackle. On December 2, 2015, Crackle renewed the series for a second season which consists of 10 episodes. Filming for season two began in early 2016, and was released on November 16, 2016.

text:
# The Art of More

***The Art of More*** is an American drama television series which debuted on November 19, 2015, on Crackle.

On December 2, 2015, Crackle renewed the series for a second season which consists of 10 episodes. Filming for season two began in early 2016, and was released on November 16, 2016.

## Premise

The series explores the underbelly and surprisingly cutthroat high-stakes world of New York auction houses.

## Cast and characters

## Episodes

### Series overview

| Season | Episodes | | Originally released | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 10 | | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) | |
|  | 10 | | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) | |

### Season 1 (2015)

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original release date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 1 | "Heavy Lies the Head" | Gary Fleder | Chuck Rose | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |
| 2 | 2 | "Whodunnit?" | Gary Fleder | Gardner Stern | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |
| 3 | 3 | "Mint Condition" | Steven A. Adelson | Chuck Rose | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |
| 4 | 4 | "Just Say Faux" | Steven A. Adelson | Gardner Stern | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |
| 5 | 5 | "One Ton Depot" | Érik Canuel | Chuck Rose | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |
| 6 | 6 | "Ride Along" | Érik Canuel | Evan Hart & Kyle Stephen | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |
| 7 | 7 | "The Quatrefoil" | Shawn Piller | David Kob | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |
| 8 | 8 | "The Name of the Game" | Shawn Piller | Chuck Rose | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |
| 9 | 9 | "The Interview" | Jeff Renfroe | David Kob | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |
| 10 | 10 | "The Card Players" | Jeff Renfroe | Chuck Rose | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19) |

### Season 2 (2016)

| No.
overall | No. in
season | Title | Directed by | Written by | Original release date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 11 | 1 | "The Pecking Order" | Rob Lieberman | Brendan Kelly | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |
| 12 | 2 | "Man on a Rope" | Rob Lieberman | Chuck Rose | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |
| 13 | 3 | "Hikori" | Nathaniel Goodman | Gardner Stern | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |
| 14 | 4 | "El Calvo" | Nathaniel Goodman | Steven Edell | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |
| 15 | 5 | "Better a Lion Than a Sheep" | Jeff Renfroe | Lane Williamson | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |
| 16 | 6 | "The Past Ain't Done" | Jeff Renfroe | Steven Edell | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |
| 17 | 7 | "Tears of a Clown" | Sturla Gunnarsson | Chuck Rose | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |
| 18 | 8 | "Stories We Tell Ourselves" | Sturla Gunnarsson | Lane Williamson | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |
| 19 | 9 | "13th Floor" | Kelly Makin | Brendan Kelly | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |
| 20 | 10 | "A Half Inch" | Kelly Makin | Brendan Kelly | November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |

## InfoBox

| *The Art of More* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Genre | Drama |
| Created by | Chuck Rose |
| Starring |  |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Original language | English |
| No. of seasons | 2 |
| No. of episodes | 20 |
| Production | |
| Running time | 43–46 minutes |
| Production companies |  |
| Original release | |
| Network | Crackle |
| Release | November 19, 2015 (2015-11-19)
November 16, 2016 (2016-11-16) |


title: Veeracholapuram

abstract: Veeracholapuram is a village located near Kallakurichi in Kallakurichi district, Tamil Nadu, India.

text:
# Veeracholapuram

**Veeracholapuram** is a village located near Kallakurichi in Kallakurichi district, Tamil Nadu, India.

## Temples

Veeracholapuram is also notable for the Brindavana of Satyanatha Tirtha, a Hindu saint and pontiff of Uttaradi Matha of Dvaita Order of Vedanta, who took samadhi in the year 1674 on the bank of river Dakshina Pinakini in this village.

## InfoBox

| Veeracholapuram Veerasozhapuram | |
| --- | --- |
| village | |
| VeeracholapuramVeeracholapuram | |
| Coordinates: 11°56′39″N 79°17′38″E / 11.9442594°N 79.2940003°E / 11.9442594; 79.2940003 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Tamil Nadu |
| District | Kallakurichi |
| Taluka | Villupuram |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 605755 |
| Telephone code | 04146 |
| Vehicle registration | TN-21 |


title: Możanka

abstract: Możanka is a river of Poland. It flows into the Great Olecko Lake, which is drained by the river Lega, near Olecko.

text:
# Możanka

**Możanka** is a river of Poland. It flows into the Great Olecko Lake, which is drained by the river Lega, near Olecko.

## InfoBox

| Możanka | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
| Country | Poland |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth |  |
| location | Great Olecko Lake |
| coordinates | 54°03′13″N 22°30′18″E / 54.0536°N 22.5050°E / 54.0536; 22.5050 |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | LegaBiebrzaNarewVistulaBaltic Sea |


title: Zhou Bo

abstract: Zhou Bo, posthumously known as Marquis Wu of Jiang (绛武侯), was a Chinese military general and politician who served as a chancellor of the early Western Han dynasty.

text:
# Zhou Bo

**Zhou Bo** (died 169 BC), posthumously known as **Marquis Wu of Jiang** (绛武侯), was a Chinese military general and politician who served as a chancellor of the early Western Han dynasty.

## Life

Zhou Bo's ancestral home was in Juan County (卷縣; present-day Yuanyang County, Henan) but he was born in Pei County in present-day Jiangsu. He was a friend of Liu Bang (Emperor Gaozu), the founding emperor of the Han dynasty. Around 206 BC, he joined Liu Bang in rebelling against the Qin dynasty. After the fall of the Qin dynasty, Zhou Bo fought on Liu Bang's side in the Chu–Han Contention against Liu Bang's rival, Xiang Yu.

After Liu Bang became emperor and established the Han dynasty, he enfeoffed Zhou Bo as the Marquis of Jiang (絳侯) to honour him for his contributions in battle. During the regency of Empress Lü, Zhou Bo served as Grand Commandant (太尉). Zhou Bo later served as the Right Chancellor during the reign of Liu Bang's son, Liu Heng (Emperor Wen), but resigned within a year as he realised that his aptitude for the position was inferior to that of Chen Ping's. However, Chen Ping died soon after holding both Chancellor positions; on 5 December 179 BCE, Zhou Bo was re-appointed Chancellor. Zhou Bo was relieved of his Chancellor post and sent back to his fiefdom in the week of 22 January 177 BCE; Guan Ying was appointed Chancellor in his place on 29 January.

After Zhou Bo died, Emperor Wen awarded him the posthumous title "Marquis Wu" (武侯; literally "military marquis").

One of Zhou Bo's sons, Zhou Yafu, served under Liu Qi (Emperor Jing), Emperor Wen's successor, and played a key role in suppressing the Rebellion of the Seven States.

## InfoBox

| Zhou Bo | |
| --- | --- |
| 周勃 | |
|  | |
| Right Imperial Chancellor (右丞相) | |
| **In office**
16 December 180 – 2 October 179 BC | |
| Monarch | Emperor Wen of Han |
| Preceded by | Chen Ping |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Unknown
Pei County, Jiangsu |
| Died | 169 BC |
| Children |  |
| Occupation | Military general, politician |
| Posthumous name | Marquis Wu (武侯) |
| Peerage | Marquis of Jiang (絳侯) |
|  | |


title: Ștefan Botnarciuc

abstract: Ştefan Botnarciuc was a Bessarabian politician and a Ukrainian national farmer from Bălţi.

text:
# Ștefan Botnarciuc

**Ştefan Botnarciuc** (1875 in Bălți, Russian Empire – in 1900s) was a Bessarabian politician and a Ukrainian national farmer from Bălţi.

## Biography

He served as Member of the Moldovan Parliament (1917–1918). On 27 March 1918 Ştefan Botnarciuc voted for the Union of Bessarabia with Romania.

## Bibliography

* Gheorghe E. Cojocaru, *Sfatul Țării: itinerar*, Civitas, Chişinău, 1998, ISBN 9975-936-20-2
* Mihai Taşcă, *Sfatul Țării şi actualele autorităţi locale*, "Timpul de dimineaţă", no. 114 (849), June 27, 2008 (page 16)

## InfoBox

| Ştefan Botnarciuc | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of the Moldovan Parliament | |
| **In office**<br>1917–1918 | |
|  | |
|  | |