abstract: The Upper Great Lakes severe weather outbreak of August 23, 1998 was a severe weather outbreak that affected parts of Wisconsin, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The outbreak occurred on August 23, 1998, and caused millions of dollars in damage to the region. One fatality is attributed to this severe weather event, when a severe thunderstorm knocked a tree onto a camper killing its sole occupant. A supercell spawned a F3 tornado that ripped across Door County causing $6.5 million in damages. It was the 8th most costly tornado in Wisconsin history injuring two people, destroying multiple structures and disrupting the regional economy and tourism. Two storms moved through the Fox Valley producing a minimal F0 tornado, but devastating amounts of hail. Damages from the hail were estimated to be around $5 million and damaged many structures and vehicles. Wisconsin Governor Tommy Thompson requested a Presidential Disaster Declaration from President Bill Clinton for the disaster, but was denied.

text:
# Upper Great Lakes severe weather outbreak of August 23, 1998

The **Upper Great Lakes severe weather outbreak of August 23, 1998** was a severe weather outbreak that affected parts of Wisconsin, and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The outbreak occurred on August 23, 1998, and caused millions of dollars in damage to the region. One fatality is attributed to this severe weather event, when a severe thunderstorm knocked a tree onto a camper killing its sole occupant. A supercell spawned a F3 tornado that ripped across Door County causing $6.5 million in damages. It was the 8th most costly tornado in Wisconsin history injuring two people, destroying multiple structures and disrupting the regional economy and tourism. Two storms moved through the Fox Valley producing a minimal F0 tornado, but devastating amounts of hail. Damages from the hail were estimated to be around $5 million and damaged many structures and vehicles. Wisconsin Governor Tommy Thompson requested a Presidential Disaster Declaration from President Bill Clinton for the disaster, but was denied.

## Meteorological synopsis

During the late morning on August 23, 1998, a well-defined short-wave trough was pushing across the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, and in response to this feature a group of severe storms formed across the region. One of the severe storm's high winds toppled a pine tree onto a camper at Ottawa National Forest killing its sole occupant. At 11:00 CDT (16:00 UTC) a boundary was starting to develop across northern Wisconsin, however it was not yet evident in a surface analysis. The origins of this boundary are unknown but it is speculated that it was the remnants of a warm front that pushed into Wisconsin the day before. It is also noted that the boundary may have developed from a thunderstorm complex over Michigan. The boundary soon strengthened by rain cooled air from Michigan. By 1:00 CDT (18:00 UTC) a relatively weak low pressure trough had moved over much of the Upper Midwest. Around this time the strengthening boundary showed features of an outflow boundary separating rain-cooled air to the north from warm, unstable air to the south. Another well-defined outflow boundary had developed over Northern Michigan and began moving east. When the new boundary intersected the older one, a thunderstorm developed near Iron Mountain, Michigan. This interaction began to drive the original boundary farther South into Wisconsin.

At around 1:30 CDT (18:30 UTC) the atmospheric conditions over Central Wisconsin continued to deteriorate as the CAPE in the region approached 4300 j/kg. Average Temperatures in the region had increased to around 80 °F (27 °C) and dew points had risen as well. By 1:45 CDT (18:45 UTC) cumulus clouds over Central Wisconsin were showing substantial vertical development, and not soon after thunderstorms began developing rapidly across Wisconsin quickly picking up supercell characteristics. At 2:57 CDT (19:57 UTC) a Severe Thunderstorm Warning was issued for one of the developing storms, and at the same time a WSR-88D doppler radar in Green Bay had detected a mesocyclone with the growing storm.

By 4:00 CDT (21:00 UTC) the Green bay radar was picking up two well-developed supercells heading towards the Fox Cities, at the same time a meso-scale boundary began developing over Northeast Wisconsin. The new development happened at the intersections of Forest County, Marinette County, and Oconto County and would eventually grow into the Door County Supercell. The two Fox City storms caused devastating hail and wind damage especially to Appleton. A brief tornado touched down with the Fox Cities storm system near Menasha. The Northern cell continued to develop during this time period but at a much slower rate than the Southern storms. This was likely because the mesoscale convergence along the boundary had failed to break the cap.

Just before 5:00 CDT (22:00 UTC) the Vertically integrated liquid (VIL) of the northern storm rapidly exceeded those of the southern storms, and it suddenly made an abrupt right turn. This prompted a Severe Thunderstorm Warning to be issued for Marinette county. By 5:30 CDT (22:30 UTC) the southern storms had weakened to a point where they were no longer a major severe threat. The northern storm however continued to intensify, and began to develop a moderate mid level rotation.

By 5:45 CDT (22:45 UTC) a well-defined hook had developed in the southwestern portion of the storm, prompting a Tornado Warning to be issued for Menominee County in Michigan. A report of a funnel cloud was made while the storm was near Birch Creek, approximately 5 miles north of Menominee, Michigan, and at 6:10 CDT (23:10 UTC) a waterspout was confirmed to have touched down in Green Bay. The waterspout likely remained on the water for nearly 20 minutes. At 6:30 CDT (23:30 UTC) the waterspout moved onshore at Murphy County Park along Horseshoe Bay in Door County. The tornado continued to move inland flattening thousands of trees in a heavily wooded area. The tornado tore across the Door Peninsula making it almost two thirds of the way across before dissipating. Its damage was determined to have peaked at F3 strength. At 7:00 CDT (00:00 UTC) the storm moved over Lake Michigan and eventually dissipated.

At 7:35 CDT (00:35 UTC) another storm crossed over central Wisconsin, producing a F0 tornado near Maple, destroying a mobile home before lifting.

## Tornado table

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
| FU | F0 | F1 | F2 | F3 | F4 | F5 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 3 |

## Impact

### Door County, Wisconsin

Door County, Wisconsin
| F3 tornado | |
| --- | --- |
| Tornado damage to a structure off of Wisconsin Highway 42. | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Max. rating1 | F3 tornado |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Fatalities | 2 injuries |
| 1*Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale* | |

As of 2005, the Door County Tornado was the 8th most costly tornado in Wisconsin history, causing an estimated $6.5 million in damages. The tornado first touched down as a waterspout but moved onshore in Door County, causing significant property and crop damage. Murphy County Park was the very first place on land to be impacted by the tornado. The southern part of the park received the most substantial damage with 99%+ of all trees and shrubs in the area being uprooted or destroyed. As the tornado moved across the peninsula it caused F2 and F3 damage to structures.

It traveled across the land for about 5 miles, which took it 14 minutes. In total 20 residential buildings, two businesses and multiple barns were destroyed by the tornado. A campground known as the Door County Kamping Resort saw some of the tornadoes worst impacts. 40 campers hid in a brick shower building while the F3 tornado moved over the camp, because of this only two injuries were reported. A nearby hotel and antique shop known as Cornerstone Suites was also completely destroyed by the tornado.

Although there were very few injuries with the tornado, the storm knocked out power to most of the peninsula. Due to the lack of power most tourist attractions in the area were not able to provide for their customers. Chief deputy Gary Bies of the Door County Sheriff's Department said of the event, "People are sitting in motels with nothing to do. No restaurants; everything is closed." By late on the Monday after the storm most power was returned to the area.

### Fox Valley supercells

Effects from the Fox Valley storms did not cause any injuries, but caused $5 million in damages mostly to vehicles and buildings. It was the second multimillion-dollar hailstorm to occur that year in Appleton. In Sherwood a golf course was severely damaged and could not reopen until two days later. A church was also significantly damaged in the village of Brillion.

## Aftermath

Following the devastating storms Wisconsin Governor Tommy Thompson requested a Presidential Disaster Declaration from President Bill Clinton. The request put in by the governor was declined. The State of Wisconsin and its citizens ended up funding most of the disaster relief for the event. A local bank also established a relief fund for victims of the Door County tornado. The aid went to the American Red Cross.

## InfoBox

Upper Great Lakes severe weather outbreak of August 23, 1998
| Doppler Radar Image of the tornadic Door County supercell. | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Type | Tornado outbreak |
| Duration | August 23, 1998 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Tornadoes
confirmed | 3 |
| Max. rating1 | F3 tornado |
| Duration of
tornado outbreak2 | ~3 hours 13 minutes |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Fatalities | 1 fatality, 2 injuries |
| Damage | ~$11.52 million (1998 USD) |
| 1*Most severe tornado damage; see Fujita scale*
2*Time from first tornado to last tornado* | |


title: The Beauty of Taroko

abstract: "The Beauty of Taroko" is a large-scale ink painting created by Ma Pai-Shui in early 1999. It consists of twenty-four pieces of Xuan paper, each measuring 214 cm in height and 69 cm in width, forming a total dimension of 1656 cm in width and 214 cm in height. The painting is divided into six main themes, showcasing the distinctive seasonal landscapes of Taroko. In 2015, it was designated as a nationally important cultural artifact by the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of China.

text:
# The Beauty of Taroko

**"The Beauty of Taroko"** is a large-scale ink painting created by Ma Pai-Shui in early 1999. It consists of twenty-four pieces of Xuan paper, each measuring 214 cm in height and 69 cm in width, forming a total dimension of 1656 cm in width and 214 cm in height. The painting is divided into six main themes, showcasing the distinctive seasonal landscapes of Taroko. In 2015, it was designated as a nationally important cultural artifact by the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of China.

## Themes and Artistic Expression

"The Beauty of Taroko" consists of twenty-four linked screens, each bearing the signature of Ma Pai-Shui. Four screens in each set are titled to represent different themes, resulting in a total of six main themes: "Spring Breeze," "Summer Rain," "Autumn Red," "Winter White," "Sunlight," and "Moonlight." These themes sequentially depict the various seasons and landscapes of Taroko from sunrise to sunset, spanning from sea level to an altitude of 300 meters. Furthermore, each theme is centered around a renowned landmark in Taroko: the "Spring Breeze" focuses on the gateway, "Summer Rain" highlights the Changchun Shrine, "Autumn Red" portrays the Jin Heng Bridge, "Winter White" captures the Nine Turns Tunnel, "Sunlight" centers on the Cimu Pavilion, and "Moonlight" showcases the towering Tianfeng Tower. Through this artwork, Ma Pai-Shui presents the unique cultural and geographical features of Taiwan's eastern region. Additionally, scholar Huang Yongchuan suggests that the twenty-four linked screens can be viewed in groups of three to represent different time periods, including early morning, morning, late morning, noon, afternoon, evening, dusk, and nighttime, capturing the ever-changing scenery of Taroko under different lighting conditions.In order to depict the majestic and grand landscapes of eastern Taiwan, Ma Pai-Shui employed an innovative "multi-in-one composition" method to enhance the visual impact of the artwork. By subjectively interpreting and rearranging the scenery of Taroko in the composition, the artwork not only allows each screen to stand independently as a complete scene but also offers flexibility in displaying the artwork by combining two, three, four, or six screens, depending on the available exhibition space. Furthermore, according to scholar Huang Yongchuan, when all twenty-four screens are connected, viewers are presented with a panoramic visual experience akin to watching a wide-screen display.

In terms of painting techniques, the majority of this artwork features powerful and concise brushstrokes to outline the mountains, complemented by flat and rendered colors, as well as variations in the density of ink, creating a fusion of the rich texture of traditional ink painting and the vibrant hues of Western watercolor.

This artwork made its debut in September 1999 as part of Ma Pai-Shui's retrospective exhibition titled "A Retrospective of Ma Pai-Shui at Ninety" held at the National Museum of History, where it was specially created for the exhibition. It is now a permanent collection of the National Museum of History.

## Reception

This artwork, created by Ma Pai-Shui at the age of ninety, demonstrates his attempt to integrate both Eastern and Western painting styles and techniques. On December 17, 2015, it was designated as an important cultural artifact by the Ministry of Culture.

In 2016, Hualien Xincheng Railway Station adorned its lobby with this artwork through kiln-fired glass decoration, incorporating a dimming system. By manipulating the intensity of lighting, it vividly portrays the changing seasons and all-day light and shadow variations of the Taroko Gorge. Additionally, in collaboration with Taroko National Park and the National Museum of History, the "Ma Pai-Shui Painted Train" was launched. In 2018, Xincheng Station received the "Artistic Creation Award" and the "Environmental Integration Award" at the 6th Public Art Awards organized by the Ministry of Culture. The judging committee of the Ministry of Culture expressed that this public art piece, designed based on the painting "Beauty of Taroko Gorge," revives "forgotten masterful techniques and endangered traditional skills" in front of the public.


title: List of cities in Ivory Coast

abstract: This is a list of cities in Ivory Coast. Only the 40 most populous cities are listed here.

text:
# List of cities in Ivory Coast

This is a **list of cities in Ivory Coast**. Only the 40 most populous cities are listed here.

Largest cities of Ivory Coast, initially ranked by 2005 population
| 2005 rank | Coordinates | City / town | Population | | | | Region |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | 1975 census | 1988 census | 2005 estimate | 2014 estimate | |
| 1 | 5°21′31″N 4°00′50″W / 5.35861°N 4.01389°W / 5.35861; -4.01389 (Abidjan) | Abidjan | 951,216 | 1,934,342 | 3,692,570 | 3,677,115 | Lagunes |
| 2 | 7°41′N 5°1′W / 7.683°N 5.017°W / 7.683; -5.017 (Bouaké) | Bouaké | 175,264 | 332,999 | 572,149 | 567,481 | Gbêkê |
| 3 | 6°53′N 6°27′W / 6.883°N 6.450°W / 6.883; -6.450 (Daloa) | Daloa | 60,837 | 122,933 | 217,876 | 319,427 | Haut-Sassandra |
| 4 | 6°49′N 5°17′W / 6.817°N 5.283°W / 6.817; -5.283 (Yamoussoukro) | Yamoussoukro | 37,253 | 110,013 | 200,659 | 361,893 | Bélier |
| 5 | 4°45′N 6°38′W / 4.750°N 6.633°W / 4.750; -6.633 (San-Pédro) | San-Pédro | 31,606 | 70,601 | 195,873 | 261,616 | Bas-Sassandra |
| 6 | 5°50′N 5°22′W / 5.833°N 5.367°W / 5.833; -5.367 (Divo) | Divo | 35,610 | 72,494 | 184,481 | 184,481 | Lôh-Djiboua |
| 7 | 9°25′N 5°37′W / 9.417°N 5.617°W / 9.417; -5.617 (Korhogo) | Korhogo | 45,250 | 109,655 | 172,114 | 286,071 | Poro |
| 8 | 5°30′N 4°3′W / 5.500°N 4.050°W / 5.500; -4.050 (Anyama) | Anyama | 26,406 | 57,065 | 158,250 | 148,962 | Lagunes |
| 9 | 6°44′N 3°29′W / 6.733°N 3.483°W / 6.733; -3.483 (Abengourou) | Abengourou | 30,028 | 58,974 | 144,074 | 135,635 | Moyen-Comoé |
| 10 | 7°24′N 7°33′W / 7.400°N 7.550°W / 7.400; -7.550 (Man, Ivory Coast)) | Man | 50,288 | 88,294 | 140,217 | 188,704 | Tonkpi |
| 11 | 6°8′N 5°56′W / 6.133°N 5.933°W / 6.133; -5.933 (Gagnoa) | Gagnoa | 42,285 | 85,563 | 125,647 | 213,918 | Gôh |
| 12 | 5°47′N 6°36′W / 5.783°N 6.600°W / 5.783; -6.600 (Soubré) | Soubré | 7,016 | 33,162 | 123,214 | 175,163 | Nawa |
| 13 | 5°56′N 4°13′W / 5.933°N 4.217°W / 5.933; -4.217 (Agboville) | Agboville | 26,914 | 46,359 | 108,684 | 95,093 | Agnéby-Tiassa |
| 14 | 5°19′N 4°23′W / 5.317°N 4.383°W / 5.317; -4.383 (Dabou) | Dabou | 23,134 | 39,494 | 95,057 | 88,430 | Lagunes |
| 15 | 5°12′N 3°44′W / 5.200°N 3.733°W / 5.200; -3.733 (Grand-Bassam) | Grand-Bassam | 27,273 | 41,825 | 90,817 | 84,028 | Sud-Comoé |
| 16 | 6°59′N 5°45′W / 6.983°N 5.750°W / 6.983; -5.750 (Bouaflé) | Bouaflé | 17,188 | 34,562 | 89,344 | 167,263 | Marahoué |
| 17 | 6°29′N 6°35′W / 6.483°N 6.583°W / 6.483; -6.583 (Issia) | Issia | 10,863 | 28,525 | 88,251 | 85,727 | Haut-Sassandra |
| 18 | 6°51′N 5°55′W / 6.850°N 5.917°W / 6.850; -5.917 (Sinfra) | Sinfra | 17,569 | 33,971 | 85,875 | 130,227 | Marahoué |
| 19 | 8°8′N 5°6′W / 8.133°N 5.100°W / 8.133; -5.100 (Katiola) | Katiola | 18,625 | 33,813 | 83,695 | 56,681 | Hambol |
| 20 | 5°21′N 3°54′W / 5.350°N 3.900°W / 5.350; -3.900 (Bingerville) | Bingerville | 12,527 | 28,741 | 83,105 | 91,319 | Lagunes |
| 21 | 6°10′N 3°59′W / 6.167°N 3.983°W / 6.167; -3.983 (Adzopé) | Adzopé | 21,147 | 35,085 | 81,150 | 98,846 |  |
| 22 | 7°58′N 6°40′W / 7.967°N 6.667°W / 7.967; -6.667 (Séguéla) | Séguéla | 12,692 | 29,003 | 79,565 | 63,774 | Béré |
| 23 | 8°2′N 2°48′W / 8.033°N 2.800°W / 8.033; -2.800 (Bondoukou) | Bondoukou | 19,021 | 33,051 | 79,013 | 117,453 | Gontougo |
| 24 | 6°23′N 5°25′W / 6.383°N 5.417°W / 6.383; -5.417 (Oumé) | Oumé | 14,032 | 29,521 | 78,872 | 127,850 | Gôh (ex-Fromager) |
| 25 | 9°35′N 5°12′W / 9.583°N 5.200°W / 9.583; -5.200 (Ferkessedougou) | Ferkessedougou | 24,662 | 35,155 | 74,966 | 120,150 | Tchologo |
| 26 | 6°39′N 4°42′W / 6.650°N 4.700°W / 6.650; -4.700 (Dimbokro) | Dimbokro | 31,073 | 38,183 | 73,789 | 64,957 | N'zi |
| 27 | 9°30′N 7°34′W / 9.500°N 7.567°W / 9.500; -7.567 (Odienné) | Odienné | 13,911 | 28,266 | 71,188 | 50,506 | Denguélé |
| 28 | 6°44′N 7°21′W / 6.733°N 7.350°W / 6.733; -7.350 (Duékoué) | Duékoué | 13,297 | 26,759 | 68,872 | 185,344 | Guémon |
| 29 | 7°16′N 8°10′W / 7.267°N 8.167°W / 7.267; -8.167 (Danané) | Danané | 19,608 | 30,506 | 68,687 | 104,672 | Dix-Huit Montagnes |
| 30 | 10°29′N 6°23′W / 10.483°N 6.383°W / 10.483; -6.383 (Tengréla Department) | Tingréla | 8,794 | 22,268 | 67,746 | 80,887 | Savanes |
| 31 | 6°33′N 7°29′W / 6.550°N 7.483°W / 6.550; -7.483 (Guiglo) | Guiglo | 9,283 | 22,187 | 63,528 | 113,796 | Moyen-Cavally |
| 32 | 9°31′N 6°29′W / 9.517°N 6.483°W / 9.517; -6.483 (Boundiali) | Boundiali | 9,910 | 22,042 | 61,998 | 59,586 | Savanes |
| 33 | 7°13′N 3°20′W / 7.217°N 3.333°W / 7.217; -3.333 (Agnibilékrou) | Agnibilékrou | 13,355 | 24,413 | 59,780 | 69,174 | Moyen-Comoé |
| 34 | 7°3′N 3°58′W / 7.050°N 3.967°W / 7.050; -3.967 (Daoukro) | Daoukro | 12,575 | 22,777 | 56,310 | 73,134 | N'zi-Comoé |
| 35 | 7°23′N 6°29′W / 7.383°N 6.483°W / 7.383; -6.483 (Vavoua) | Vavoua | 6,957 | 17,717 | 54,249 | 134,651 | Haut-Sassandra |
| 36 | 7°26′N 6°3′W / 7.433°N 6.050°W / 7.433; -6.050 (Zuénoula) | Zuénoula | 9,286 | 19,523 | 52,630 | 80,949 | Marahoué |
| 37 | 5°54′N 4°50′W / 5.900°N 4.833°W / 5.900; -4.833 (Tiassalé) | Tiassalé | 10,178 | 19,894 | 52,186 | 58,248 | Lagunes |
| 38 | 6°33′N 5°1′W / 6.550°N 5.017°W / 6.550; -5.017 (Toumodi) | Toumodi | 13,297 | 22,114 | 51,560 | 63,430 | Lacs |
| 39 | 6°23′N 3°54′W / 6.383°N 3.900°W / 6.383; -3.900 (Akoupé) | Akoupé | 10,873 | 20,393 | 51,387 | 66,311 | Agnéby |
| 40 | 5°51′N 5°41′W / 5.850°N 5.683°W / 5.850; -5.683 (Lakota Department) | Lakota | 12,958 | 21,575 | 50,651 | 77,223 | Lôh-Djiboua |

Media related to Cities in Ivory Coast at Wikimedia Commons


title: Pabstiella arcuata

abstract: Pabstiella arcuata is a species of orchid plant native to Brazil.

text:
# Pabstiella arcuata

***Pabstiella arcuata*** is a species of orchid plant native to Brazil.

## InfoBox

| *Pabstiella arcuata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Genus: | *Pabstiella* |
| Species: | ***P. arcuata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pabstiella arcuata***<br>(Lindl.) Luer | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Pleurothallis arcuata* Lindl. | |


abstract: This is the List of municipalities in Sakarya Province, Turkey as of October 2007.

text:
# List of municipalities in Sakarya Province

This is the **List of municipalities in Sakarya Province, Turkey** as of October 2007.

## Municipalities

*List is sorted alphabetically A-Z, as Districts-\>Municipalities*.

| District | Municipality |
| --- | --- |
| Adapazarı (Merkez) | Adapazarı |
| Adapazarı | Arifiye |
| Adapazarı | Bekirpaşa |
| Adapazarı | Çaybaşıyeniköy |
| Adapazarı | Erenler |
| Adapazarı | Güneşler |
| Adapazarı | Hanlı |
| Adapazarı | Kazımpaşa |
| Adapazarı | Nehirkent |
| Adapazarı | Serdivan |
| Adapazarı | Yazlık |
| Akyazı | Akyazı |
| Akyazı | Altındere |
| Akyazı | Dokurcun |
| Akyazı | Gücücek |
| Akyazı | Kuzuluk |
| Ferizli | Ferizli |
| Ferizli | Gölkent |
| Ferizli | Sinanoğlu |
| Geyve | Alifuatpaşa |
| Geyve | Geyve |
| Hendek | Çamlıca |
| Hendek | Hendek |
| Hendek | Yeşilyurt |
| Karapürçek | Karapürçek |
| Karasu | Darıçayırı |
| Karasu | Karasu |
| Karasu | Kurudere |
| Karasu | Limandere |
| Karasu | Yuvalıdere |
| Kaynarca | Kaynarca |
| Kocaali | Kocaali |
| Kocaali | Ortaköy |
| Pamukova | Pamukova |
| Sapanca | Kırkpınar |
| Sapanca | Kurtköy |
| Sapanca | Sapanca |
| Söğütlü | Söğütlü |
| Taraklı | Taraklı |

## Changes in 2014

According to Law act no 6360, belde (town) municipalities within provinces with more than 750000 population ( so called Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey) were abolished as of 30 March 2014. 12 belde municipalities in the above list are now defunct. The list is kept for historical reference.


title: 17 Camelopardalis

abstract: 17 Camelopardalis is a single star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Camelopardalis, located roughly 960 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, red-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.44. This object is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −20 km/s. This is an ageing red giant star, currently on the asymptotic giant branch, with a stellar classification of M1IIIa. It is a suspected small amplitude variable. The star has expanded to 100 times the Sun's radius and is radiating 3,230 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,852 K.

text:
# 17 Camelopardalis

**17 Camelopardalis** is a single star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Camelopardalis, located roughly 960 light years away from the Sun. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, red-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.44. This object is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −20 km/s.

This is an ageing red giant star, currently on the asymptotic giant branch, with a stellar classification of M1IIIa. It is a suspected small amplitude variable. The star has expanded to 100 times the Sun's radius and is radiating 3,230 times the luminosity of the Sun from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 3,852 .

## InfoBox

17 Camelopardalis
| Observation data
Epoch J2000      Equinox J2000 | |
| --- | --- |
| Constellation | Camelopardalis |
|
| Right ascension | 05h 30m 10.20325s |
| Declination | +63° 04 01.9891 |
| Apparent magnitude (V) | 5.44 |
| Characteristics | |
|
| Spectral type | M1IIIa |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| B−V color index | 1.704±0.004 |
|
|
|
|
| Variable type | suspected |
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
| Astrometry | |
|  | |
| **Radial velocity (Rv)** | −20.89±0.23 km/s |
| **Proper motion (μ)** | RA: −5.602 mas/yr
Dec.: −4.751 mas/yr |
| **Parallax (π)** | 3.0424 ± 0.1380 mas |
| **Distance** | 1,070 ± 50 ly
(330 ± 10 pc) |
| **Absolute magnitude (MV)** | −1.85 |
|  | |
| Details | |
|  | |
| **Mass** | 0.64 |
| **Radius** | 100 |
| **Luminosity** | 3,230 |
| **Surface gravity (log *g*)** | 0.15 cgs |
| **Temperature** | 3,852 |
|  | |
| Other designations | |
| 17 Cam, NSV 2003, BD+62°759, FK5 203, HD 35583, HIP 25769, HR 1802, SAO 13518 | |
| Database references | |
| **SIMBAD** | data |


title: Peter Cusack (musician)

abstract:
Peter Cusack is an English artist and musician who is a member of CRiSAP, and is a research staff member and founding member of the London College of Communication in the University of the Arts London. He was a founding member and director of the London Musicians' Collective. He is best known as a member of the avant garde musical quartet, Alterations, and the creator of field and wildlife recording-based albums including:
  - Where Is the Green Parrot? (1999) with tracks like "Toy Shop" and "Siren", which are just as advertised.
  - Day for Night (2000), with Max Eastley. This features "duets" between Eastley's kinetic sculpture and Cusack's field recordings.
  - Baikal Ice (2003), featuring tracks like "Banging Holes In Ice" and "Floating Icicles Rocked By Waves" and "Falling In". Cusack has been involved in a wide range of projects throughout his career. Several of his pieces have been reviewed in Leonardo Music Journal, the annual music Journal published by MIT Press. He has also curated an album for Leonardo Music Journal. He is currently research fellow on the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council's multidisciplinary 'Positive Soundscapes Project'.

text:
# Peter Cusack (musician)

**Peter Cusack** is an English artist and musician who is a member of CRiSAP (Creative Research in Sound Arts Practice), and is a research staff member and founding member of the London College of Communication in the University of the Arts London. He was a founding member and director of the London Musicians' Collective.

He is best known as a member of the avant garde musical quartet, Alterations (1978–1986; with Steve Beresford, David Toop, and Terry Day), and the creator of field and wildlife recording-based albums including:

* Where Is the Green Parrot? (1999) with tracks like "Toy Shop (Two Small Boys Go Shopping)" and "Siren", which are just as advertised.
* Day for Night (2000), with Max Eastley. This features "duets" between Eastley's kinetic sculpture and Cusack's field recordings.
* Baikal Ice (2003), featuring tracks like "Banging Holes In Ice" and "Floating Icicles Rocked By Waves" and "Falling In".

Cusack has been involved in a wide range of projects throughout his career. Several of his pieces have been reviewed in *Leonardo Music Journal*, the annual music Journal published by MIT Press. He has also curated an album for Leonardo Music Journal.

He is currently research fellow on the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council's multidisciplinary 'Positive Soundscapes Project'.

## Musical interests

Cusack is particularly interested in environmental sound and acoustic ecology. He has examined the sound properties of areas such as Lake Baikal, Siberia, and the Azerbaijan oil fields, and is interested in how sounds change as people migrate and as technology changes.

In 1998, Cusack started the "Your Favorite London Sound" project. The goal is to find out what London noises are found appealing by people who live in London. This was so popular that it has been repeated in Chicago, Beijing, and other cities. He is involved in the "Sound & The City" art project using sounds from Beijing in October 2005.

Cusack's *Sounds From Dangerous Places* is a project to collect sounds from sites which have sustained major environmental damage. Sites that Cusack is working on include Chernobyl, the Azerbaijan oil fields, and areas around controversial dams on the Tigris and Euphrates river systems in south east Turkey.

Cusack's performances are a central part of the book *Haunted Weather: Music, Silence, and Memory* (Toop, 2004) by his old collaborator and respected music critic and author, David Toop. Toop investigates the use of environmental sound and electronic instruments in experimental music in his book.

## Other performances

With clarinetist Simon Mayo, he formed the duo known as "A Touch of the Sun". His first "major" recording was part of Fred Frith's 1974 record, "Guitar Solos".

He was one of the first to play the bouzouki in England, which gained him the respect of London's musical avant garde.

As a musician, he has collaborated with artists such as Clive Bell, Nic Collins, Alterations, Chris Cutler, Max Eastley, Evan Parker, Hugh Davies, Annette Krebs and Eastern Mediterranean singer Viv Corringham.

A live performance with Nicolas Collins was released as "A Host, of Golden Daffodils" in 1999.

He co-founded an artist-owned record label called "Bead Records" which has released many previously unavailable pieces in 1972. It had released more than 30 albums, as of 2007.

In 1975 Derek Bailey, Steve Beresford, Max Boucher, Paul Burwell, Jack Cooke, Peter Cusack, Hugh Davies, Madelaine and Martin Davidson, Richard Leigh, Evan Parker, John Russell, David Toop, Philipp Wachsmann and Colin Wood formed the journal MUSICS, later described as "an impromental experivisation arts magazine".

Cusack produces the monthly radio program "Vermilion Sounds" with Isobel Clouter. Vermilion Sounds explores environmental sounds and is broadcast by Resonance FM in London. John Levack Drever, writing in Soundscape, comments:

*Of significant note is the work of Peter Cusack and Isobel Clouter (from the British Library Sound Archive who we now welcome onto the UKISC Management Committee), who have done a sterling job producing Vermilion Sounds—a weekly radio show for Resonance FM...*

## Other projects

* *Soundlines*: City of London Festival educational project on music and environmental sound in East London schools (April to November 2003).
* *Baku, 5 Quarters* at the University of Baku, Azerbaijan. This was a collaboration with Swiss video artist Ursula Biemann in 2004.
* *Urban Grime*, exhibition at the Museum of London Sept 2003 to Jan 2004
* *Send+Receive Festival* performance & workshops, Winnipeg, Canada 2004:
* *LMC Guitar Festival* performances, Museum of Garden History, London 2004
* *Frère Jacques et autres pièces à Francis: Expositions. 1997. Saint-Fons*, with Ron Haselden, a British artist living in the French town of Brizard, in Brittany. This was a well-known interactive multimedia piece featuring the song *Frère Jacques*.

## Selected recordings

* *Your Favourite London Sounds 1998–2001*, Peter Cusack, Resonance (2002)
* *Day For Night*, Peter Cusack, Max Eastley, Paradigm (2000). The compilation of recordings from a 25-year collaboration.
* *Interruptions*, Terry Day, EMANEM 4125; Cusack plays on two tracks, recordings from 1978–1981.
* *Voila Enough! 1979–1981* (Atavistic ALP239CD) – CD release of the group Alterations (Steve Beresford, Peter Cusack, Terry Day, David Toop)
* *Baikal Ice*, Peter Cusack, RER Megacorp / IODA (Spring 2003)
* *Where is the Green Parrot?*, Peter Cusack, RER Megacorp / IODA (1999)
* *The Horse Was Alive, The Cow Was Dead*, Peter Cusack album with 46 tracks
* *Butlers Wharf,* Peter Cusack
* *Ghosts & Monsters: Technology & Personality in Contemporary Music*, Composer: Robert Ashley, Frieder Butzmann, John Cage, Cornelius Cardew, Henning Christiansen, et al., Conductor: Christian von Borries, Guy Protheroe, Performers: Peter Cusack, Margaret Leng Tan, Jerry Hunt, Shelley Hirsch, Berliner Philharmoniker, Emf Media (2 May 2000) includes an extract from a Host, of Golden Daffodils – Nicolas Collins, Peter Cusack
* *Haunted Weather*, assorted artists, Staubgold Germany, 25 May 2004, includes "Flight Path Trace" by Peter Cusack (companion CD to *Ghosts and Monsters: Technology and Personality in Contemporary Music*, Leonardo Music Journal 8 (1998), Leonardo / MIT Press, 1998)
* *Not Necessarily "English Music": A collection of experimental music from Great Britain, 1960–1977*, curated by David Toop, Leonard Music Journal CD Series Volume 11, includes *Geese* recorded in 1974 by Peter Cusack and Simon Mayo (A Touch of the Sun), the companion CD to 2001 Volume of Leonardo Music Journal, MIT Press, 2001.
* *Nightjars and Roe Deer*, and *Squabble* (both from CD to Musicworks #59, Peter Cusack) included in *Songs Soaring*, (René van Peer, catalogue for festival *Whistling in the Dark/Pfeifen in Walde*, organised by Matthias Osterwold and Nicolas Collins in Podewil, Berlin (Germany), 9 to 18 September 1994, organised by Matthias Osterwold and Nicolas Collins in Podewil, Berlin (Germany), 9 to 18 September 1994, pub. by Volker Straebel and Matthias Osterwold, in association with Nicolas Collins, Valerian Maly and Elke Moltrecht. Distribution through Podewil and Maly Verlag, 1994.)
* *TECHNO MIT STÖRUNGEN*, an album recorded at festival "music unlimited" at Alter Schlachthof Wels, Austria, 11 November 1995. The album features Peter Cusack playing "bousouki & interactive birds"
* *Operet*, Peter Cusack and Viv Corringham, Rere121
* Sounds from dangerous places book with audio CDs

## Curations

## Selected publications

* *"Ghosts and Monsters": Contributors' Notes"*, Alexander Abramovitch Krejn, Christian von Borries, John Cage, Andrew Culver, John Tilbury, Paul de Marinis, Robert Ashley, Henning Christiansen, Alvin Lucier, Peter Cusack, Shelley Hirsch, Jerry Hunt, Michael Schell, Frieder Butzmann, Michael Snow, Leonardo Music Journal, Vol. 8, Ghosts and Monsters: Technology and Personality in Contemporary Music (1998), pp. 64–74, MIT Press, 1998.
* *The Positive Soundscape Project: A re-evaluation of environmental sound*, Mags Adams, Angus Carlyle, Peter Cusack, Bill Davies, Ken Hume, Paul Jennings, Chris Plack, Research Proposal.
* *Dialogue*, Peter Cusack, Soundscape—The Journal of Acoustic Ecology 1 (2) p8, 2000.

* *Haunted Weather: Music, Silence, and Memory*, David Toop, Serpent's Tail, 1 July 2004, ISBN 1-85242-812-0


title: Pilgrim Stakes

abstract: The Pilgrim Stakes is a Grade II American Thoroughbred horse race for two-year-olds over a distance of 1+1⁄16 miles on the turf track scheduled annually in late September at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York. The event currently offers a purse of $200,000.

text:
# Pilgrim Stakes

The **Pilgrim Stakes** is a Grade II American Thoroughbred horse race for two-year-olds over a distance of 1+116 miles on the turf track scheduled annually in late September at Belmont Park in Elmont, New York. The event currently offers a purse of $200,000.

## History

The event was inaugurated on 29 October 1979 at Aqueduct Racetrack and was run over the 1+18 mile distance in split divisions as the sixth and eighth race on the card that day.

The race is named for Joseph E. Widener's horse, Pilgrim, winner of the 1919 Remsen Stakes.

In 1982 the event was classified as Grade III, upgraded to Grade II in 1988 for two runnings before being downgraded to Grade III. From 20012007 the race was not graded as in 2009 when the event was moved off the turf track due to the inclement weather and held over a shorter one mile distance.

The event was run in two divisions in the above mentioned inaugural 1979 and again in 1983.

The distance of the event has been changed several times but since 2010 the event has been run over the current distance of 1+116 miles.

The race was part of the **Breeders' Cup Challenge series** from 2008 to 2010, when the winner automatically qualified for the Breeders' Cup Juvenile Turf.

The event was upgraded to a Grade III event in 2020.

In 2022 the event was moved to Aqueduct Racetrack due to infield tunnel and redevelopment work at Belmont Park.

## Records

**Speed record:**

* 1+116 miles: 1:41.04 – Annapolis (2021)
* 1+18 miles: 1:48.02 – Volponi (2000)

**Margins:**

* 12 lengths – Diplomatic Jet (1994)

**Most wins by an owner:**

* 2 – Live Oak Racing (1981, 2001)

**Most wins by a jockey:**

**Most wins by a trainer:**

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Jockey | Trainer | Owner | Distance | Time | Purse | Grade | Ref |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| At Aqueduct  **Pilgrim Stakes** | | | | | | | | | |
| 2024 | Zulu Kingdom (IRE) | Joel Rosario | Chad C. Brown | Michael Dubb, Madaket Stables, William Strauss & Michael J. Caruso | 1+116 miles | 1:48.67 | $200,000 | II |  |
| 2023 | Agate Road | Irad Ortiz Jr. | Todd A. Pletcher | Repole Stable & St. Elias Stable | 1+116 miles | 1:42.83 | $200,000 | II |  |
| 2022 | Major Dude | Irad Ortiz Jr. | Todd A. Pletcher | Spendthrift Farm | 1+116 miles | 1:46.60 | $200,000 | II |  |
| At Belmont Park | | | | | | | | | |
| 2021 | Annapolis | Irad Ortiz Jr. | Todd A. Pletcher | Bass Racing | 1+116 miles | 1:41.04 | $186,000 | II |  |
| 2020 | Fire At Will | Kendrick Carmouche | Michael J. Maker | Three Diamonds Farm | 1+116 miles | 1:43.46 | $150,000 | II |  |
| 2019 | Structor | Irad Ortiz Jr. | Chad C. Brown | Jeff Drown & Don Rachel | 1+116 miles | 1:41.46 | $200,000 | III |  |
| 2018 | Forty Under | Manuel Franco | Jeremiah C. Englehart | August Dawn Farm | 1+116 miles | 1:44.37 | $200,000 | III |  |
| 2017 | Seabhac | Luis Saez | Todd A. Pletcher | Donegal Racing | 1+116 miles | 1:43.48 | $200,000 | III |  |
| 2016 | Oscar Performance | José L. Ortiz | Brian A. Lynch | Amerman Racing | 1+116 miles | 1:42.88 | $200,000 | III |  |
| 2015 | Isotherm | Jose Lezcano | George Weaver | Matthew Schera | 1+116 miles | 1:41.98 | $200,000 | III |  |
| 2014 | Imperia | Javier Castellano | Kiaran P. McLaughlin | Godolphin Racing | 1+116 miles | 1:41.36 | $200,000 | III |  |
| 2013 | Bobby's Kitten | Javier Castellano | Chad C. Brown | Kenneth and Sarah Ramsey | 1+116 miles | 1:42.37 | $200,000 | III |  |
| 2012 | Noble Tune | Ramon A. Dominguez | Chad C. Brown | Martin S. Schwartz & Dell Ridge Farm | 1+116 miles | 1:47.81 | $150,000 | III |  |
| 2011 | Shkspeare Shaliyah | Alex O. Solis | Doodnauth Shivmangal | Shivmangal Racing Stable | 1+116 miles | 1:51.59 | $100,000 | III |  |
| 2010 | Air Support | Rajiv Maragh | Claude R. McGaughey III | Stuart S. Janney III | 1+116 miles | 1:47.87 | $147,500 | III |  |
| 2009 | Eskendereya | Javier Castellano | Todd A. Pletcher | Zayat Stables | 1 mile | 1:37.85 | $152,500 | Listed | Off turf |
| 2008 | Elusive Bluff | Michael C. Baze | Eric J. Guillot | Southern Equine Stable | 1+116 miles | 1:47.91 | $156,800 | III |  |
| 2007 | The Leopard | John R. Velazquez | Todd A. Pletcher | Derrick Smith, Mrs. John Magnier & Michael Tabor | 1+116 miles | 1:41.61 | $81,000 | Listed |  |
| 2006 | Pickapocket | Eibar Coa | Frank A. Alexander | Martin Cherry | 1+18 miles | 1:52.62 | $85,925 | Listed |  |
| 2005 | Fagan's Legacy | Joe Bravo | Kelly J. Breen | George & Lori Hall | 1+18 miles | 1:52.11 | $82,575 | Listed | Off turf |
| 2004 | Crown Point | Jose L. Espinoza | David G. Donk | Drumlanrig Farm | 1+18 miles | 1:50.31 | $82,875 | Listed |  |
| 2003 | Timo | John R. Velazquez | William Badgett Jr. | C. K. Woods Stable | 1+18 miles | 1:57.46 | $82,525 | Listed |  |
| At Aqueduct | | | | | | | | | |
| 2002 | One Colony | Aaron Gryder | Mark A. Hennig | Edward P. Evans | 1+18 miles | 1:51.00 | $82,950 | Listed | Off turf |
| 2001 | Miesque's Approval | Jerry D. Bailey | William I. Mott | Live Oak Racing | 1+18 miles | 1:50.80 | $83,475 | Listed |  |
| At Belmont Park | | | | | | | | | |
| 2000 | Volponi | John R. Velazquez | Philip G. Johnson | Amherst & Spruce Pond | 1+18 miles | 1:48.02 | $113,300 | III |  |
| 1999 | Kachemak Bay | John R. Velazquez | John P. Campo Jr. | Evelyn M. Pollard | 1+18 miles | 1:54.67 | $111,600 | III |  |
| 1998 | Incurable Optimist | John R. Velazquez | David G. Donk | John T. & Theresa E. Behrendt | 1+18 miles | 1:48.05 | $108,100 | III |  |
| At Aqueduct | | | | | | | | | |
| 1997 | § Cryptic Rascal | Mike E. Smith | William Badgett Jr. | Landon Knight | 1+18 miles | 1:50.83 | $115,700 | III |  |
| At Belmont Park | | | | | | | | | |
| 1996 | Accelerator | Mike E. Smith | Claude R. McGaughey III | Ogden Mills Phipps | 1+116 miles | 1:41.80 | $113,800 | III | Off turf |
| At Aqueduct | | | | | | | | | |
| 1995 | Play It Again Stan | Herb McCauley | Frank A. Generazio Jr. | Sybil Lauren | 1+116 miles | 1:50.20 | $115,900 | III |  |
| At Belmont Park | | | | | | | | | |
| 1994 | Diplomatic Jet | Jerry D. Bailey | Philip M. Serpe | Fred W. Hooper | 1+116 miles | 1:46.67 | $82,076 | III |  |
| 1993 | § Dove Hunt | Jerry D. Bailey | Neil J. Howard | William S. Farish III | 1+116 miles | 1:44.60 | $122,600 | III |  |
| 1992 | § Awad | Julie Krone | David G. Donk | Ryehill Stable | 1+116 miles | 1:42.60 | $127,000 | III |  |
| 1991 | Smiling and Dancin | Richard Migliore | Stephen L. DiMauro | Robert J. Sullivan | 1+116 miles | 1:41.20 | $122,800 | III |  |
| At Aqueduct | | | | | | | | | |
| 1990 | Fourstars Allstar | Mike E. Smith | Leo O'Brien | Richard Bromze | 1+18 miles | 1:51.60 | $90,000 | III |  |
| 1989 | Super Mario | Richard Migliore | D. Wayne Lukas | H. Joseph Allen | 1+18 miles | 1:56.00 | $126,800 | II |  |
| 1988 | Tuneful Tip | Carl Gambardella | Ronald J. Dandy | Frank Generazio | 1+18 miles | 1:59.00 | $132,200 | II |  |
| 1987 | Blew by Em | Chris Antley | Michael H. Daggett | Joseph B. Singer | 1+18 miles | 1:53.60 | $92,850 | III |  |
| 1986 | § David's Bird | Jean-Luc Samyn | Philip G. Johnson | Sugar Maple Farm | 1+18 miles | 1:53.00 | $97,950 | III |  |
| 1985 | Pillaster | Ángel Cordero Jr. | LeRoy Jolley | Peter M. Brant | 1+18 miles | 1:54.40 | $89,550 | III |  |
| 1984 | Tent Up | Vincent Bracciale Jr. | John W. Hicks | Geoffrey A. Huguely | 1+18 miles | 1:53.20 | $94,500 | III |  |
| 1983 | Pied A' Tierre | Larry Saumell | Ronald L. Benshoff | Blanche P. Levy | 1+18 miles | 1:51.40 | $54,700 | III | †Division 1 |
| | Vision | Eddie Maple | Woodford C. Stephens | Claiborne Farm | | 1:50.20 | $54,700 | | †Division 2 |
| 1982 | Fortnightly | Ángel Cordero Jr. | Edward I. Kelly Jr. | Bwamazon Farm | 1+18 miles | 1:57.60 | $85,800 | III |  |
| 1981 | Gnome's Gold | Jean-Luc Samyn | Patrick J. Kelly | Live Oak Racing | 1+18 miles | 1:57.20 | $84,300 |  |  |
| 1980 | Akureyri | Eddie Maple | Woodford C. Stephens | Hickory Tree Stable | 1+18 miles | 1:54.80 | $58,400 |  |  |
| 1979 | Freeo | Sam Maple | Joseph B. Cantey | Loblolly Stable | 1+18 miles | 1:53.00 | $42,850 |  | Division 1 |
| | I Take All | Ángel Cordero Jr. | Edward I. Kelly Sr. | Brookfield Farm | | 1:52.40 | $43,050 | | Division 2 |

***Legend:***
Dirt   Turf
***Notes:***
§ Ran as an entry
† Both divisions of the event were moved off the turf and onto the main track due to the inclement weather

List of American and Canadian Graded races

## InfoBox

Pilgrim Stakes
| Grade II race | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Belmont Park<br>Elmont, New York, United States |
| Inaugurated | 1979 *(at Aqueduct Racetrack)* |
| Race type | ThoroughbredFlat racing |
| Website | NYRA |
| Race information | |
| Distance | 1+116 miles |
| Surface | Turf |
| Track | Left-handed |
| Qualification | Two-year-olds |
| Weight | 122 lbs with allowances |
| Purse | $200,000 (2021) |
| Bonuses | Winner receives automatic entrance to the Breeders' Cup Juvenile Turf |


title: Vosilov

abstract: Vosilov is a Ukrainian village in the Zolotyi Potik settlement hromada in the Chortkiv Raion of the Ternopil Oblast. It is located on the Dniester River. Vosilov consists of two parts: Dolishny Vosilov, and Gorishny Vosilov. In accordance with the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the village became part of the Zolotyi Potik settlement hromada.

text:
# Vosilov

**Vosilov** (uk. *Вози́лів*) (pol. *Woziłów*) is a Ukrainian village in the Zolotyi Potik settlement hromada in the Chortkiv Raion of the Ternopil Oblast. It is located on the Dniester River.

Vosilov consists of two parts: Dolishny Vosilov (below the Dniester), and Gorishny Vosilov (to the north of the river).

In accordance with the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the village became part of the Zolotyi Potik settlement hromada.

## Etymology

The origin of the name "Vosilov" comes from the Ukrainian word *vositi* (возити), meaning to carry, referring to the current going up the Dniester River.

## Archaeological discoveries

Bronze tools from the Early Bronze Age (3,000 BC), a settlement, and a burial ground from the turn of the 1st Century AD were found near the village.\[Ukrainian Wiki entry says "from the mouths of villagers"\] In 1947, a cemetery was dug up on the border of Verkhnii and Nyzhnii Vozyliv. Geological exploration concluded that the site was over 6,000 years old. The burials were covered with large stone slabs. Stone Age tools were found in the Kirnychky tract, and bronze tools (from the 3rd Century BC) are sometimes uncovered throughout the village.

## History

The first written mention of the village dates back to 1410. Another documentation of the village dates back to 1454; the village belonged to the nobleman Teodorik Buchatskyi-Yazlovetskyi, Teodorik of Buchach.\[uk\]

On July 17, 1458, the record of the Galician Zemstvo Court (No. 2876) indicates that Michal of Buchach and Yazlivets. the son of Teodorik Buchatskyj-Yazlovetskyj, promised the village of Vozyliv to nobleman Jan of Nyenczyn for a loan of 60 marks.

*"Lat. Gen. Michael de Buczcacz, otherwise known as Jaslovecz, pledged the said goods of Wosilow to the noble John of Nyenczyn for 60 marks, so that John would have the ability to occupy Wosilow under the terms he wished for the said price. Michael was obliged to protect him from his brother John."*

Polish nobleman Tomasz from Trzemeszno, a member of the Strzemeski family of Lubusz, who held estates in the Ravda Voivodeship, moved to the Rus' Voivodeship, where he settled in 1460. He bought the feudal rights to the villages of Voslilov and Snovydy. His descendant, Kryzysztof Strzemeski, sold the two estates to the Potocki family of Pyliawa as adjacent to the town of Zolotyi Potik.

In 1848, a distillery was built in the center of Verkhnii Vosilov. In 1918, it was burned down from a fire on the roof. In 1947, it was rebuilt following the World Wars. The first floor of the building later became a club, and was converted to a shop. Eventually, a third floor was added and was converted into a mill.

Since 1914, the Prosvita society has been operating in Vosilov. Until 1939, the village had a consumer cooperative, the "Meadow" society.\[uk\]

In 1935, a large fire occurred in the village, engulfing Horynka and Chereshni street. In 1941 and 1947, major floors, presumably from the river, damaged buildings in the town.

During World War II, almost all young men were drafted into the ranks of the Galicia Division of the Soviet Army.

## Demographics

According to the 2001 census of Ukraine, the population of Vosilov is 1,216 people.

Population of Vozilov in the past:

* 1741 – 416 Ukrainians
* 1880 – 471 (95%) Ukrainians, 22 (4.7%) Jews, 2 (0.3%) others
* 1900 – 613 (92.9%) Ukrainians, 33 (5%) Poles, 14 (2.1%) Jews
* 1912 – 700 (97.6%) Ukrainians, 4 (0.6%) Poles, 13 (1.8%) Jews
* 1939 – 880 (98.8%) Ukrainians, 10 (1.2%) Poles
* 2022 – 1,216 (majority Ukrainians, minority of Russians)

## Church

Vosilov is home to the Church of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary\[uk\]. The church was built in 1557, and was rebuilt in 1942. The church was burned in 1945, and was built upon the foundation of the old church, opening on August 28, 1991.

1. Order of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated June 12, 2020 No. 724-p "On the definition of administrative centers and the approval of the territories of territorial communities of the Ternopil region"
2. *Jerge M., Uniyat V.* Vozilov... — p. 293.
3. Akta Grodskie i Ziemskie z czasow Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z archiwum tak zwanego Bernardyńskiego — Lwów, 1887. — T. XII. — S. 257.
4. Akta Grodskie i Ziemskie S. 257.
5. *Parchenko T*. Vozilov // Buchach and Buchachchina. Historical and memoir collection / ed. collegium Michael Ostroverha and others. — New York — London — Paris — Sydney — Toronto : NTSh, Ukrainian Archives, 1972. — VOL. XXVII. — P. 503.
6. Buchach and Buchachchina... — p. 503

## InfoBox

| Vosilov Вози́лів | |
| --- | --- |
| VosilovLocation of Vosilov in Ternopil OblastVosilovLocation of in Ukraine | |
| Coordinates: 48°51′19″N 25°18′41″E / 48.85528°N 25.31139°E / 48.85528; 25.31139 | |
| Country | Ukraine |
| Oblast | Ternopil Oblast |
| Raion | Chortkiv Raion |
| Hromada | Zolotyi Potik settlement hromada |
| Population (2001 census) | |
| Total | 1,216 |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 48454 |
| Area code | +380 3544 |


title: Upright Citizens Brigade

abstract: The Upright Citizens Brigade (UCB) is an improvisational and sketch comedy group that emerged from Chicago's ImprovOlympic in 1990. The original incarnation of the group consisted of Amy Poehler, Matthew Walsh, Matt Besser, Ian Roberts, Adam McKay, Rick Roman, Horatio Sanz and Drew Franklin. Other early members included Neil Flynn, Armando Diaz, Ali Farahnakian and Rich Fulcher. In 2013, Besser, Roberts and Walsh wrote The Upright Citizens Brigade Comedy Improvisation Manual.

text:
# Upright Citizens Brigade

The **Upright Citizens Brigade** (**UCB**) is an improvisational and sketch comedy group that emerged from Chicago's ImprovOlympic in 1990. The original incarnation of the group consisted of Amy Poehler, Matthew Walsh, Matt Besser, Ian Roberts, Adam McKay, Rick Roman, Horatio Sanz and Drew Franklin. Other early members included Neil Flynn, Armando Diaz, Ali Farahnakian and Rich Fulcher.

In 2013, Besser, Roberts and Walsh wrote *The Upright Citizens Brigade Comedy Improvisation Manual*.

## History

The Upright Citizens Brigade began performing improv and sketch comedy at Kill the Poet in Chicago. Their first show was called *Virtual Reality*. The group followed with shows titled *UCBTV*, *Conference on the Future of Happiness*, *Thunderball*, *Bucket of Truth*, *Big Dirty Hands*, *The Real Real World*, and *Punch Your Friend in the Face*.

In 1993, the Upright Citizens Brigade (Matt Besser, Ian Roberts, Amy Poehler, Adam McKay, Rick Roman, and Horatio Sanz) were regular guests on stage at the New Variety produced and hosted by Richard O'Donnell at the Chicago Improv comedy club, 504 N. Wells.

In 1996, prior to opening their own theatre, the Upright Citizens Brigade relocated to New York performing their signature improv show, ASSSSCAT, first at KGB Bar, and then later at Solo Arts. Solo Arts was the first semi-permanent home to the Upright Citizens Brigade's Harold Teams and is considered by some to be the group's first theatre. The shows and classes at Solo Arts were so popular that the UCB were able to open their own theater, The Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre, at 161 W. 22nd Street in Chelsea on February 4, 1999. This was a 75-seat auditorium that used to be the Harmony Burlesque Theater, an all-nude lap-dancing club—essentially a storefront. The original theatre was closed on November 18, 2002, after a building inspector ordered the theater to be shut down due to fire code violations. In the months that followed, the theater found a temporary home at the Access Theater on lower Broadway, then moved to the Chelsea Playhouse for a short time before finding a permanent space.

On April 1, 2003, the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre moved to its second official space in Chelsea, a 150-seat theater at 307 West 26th Street in NYC in the former Maverick Theater. The new venue had several advantages over the previous theater on 22nd Street, such as double capacity, a more professional tech booth, larger green room with a greater separation from the stage area, two dressing rooms, storage rooms, twice the number of bathrooms, and a "chill out room".

In July 2005, the UCB opened at the Tamarind Theatre in Los Angeles at 5919 Franklin Avenue (between Tamarind & North Bronson Avenue).

In September 2011, UCB opened a second theater on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, at 153 E 3rd St. This theater featured 124 seats, two lobbies, and a full bar known as the "Hot Chicks Room" in reference to an episode of the *Upright Citizens Brigade* TV show. Often referred to as "the Beast" (a portmanteau shortening of "UCB East"), the theater was initially opened in hopes of showcasing more stand-up comedy. This venue ran smaller-scale shows for $10 or less. The UCB East permanently closed on February 9, 2019. In its stead, the group once (but no longer) offered three nights of programming per week in the nearby SubCulture theatre on Bleecker Street.

At the start of 2017, ticket prices increased (the first in ten years). In October 2017, it was announced that the UCB Chelsea location would close. The last show in Chelsea was Wednesday, November 28, 2017.

The next UCB space, from November 30, 2017, was at 555 42nd Street in Hell's Kitchen, the former home to the Pearl Theatre Company.

The Upright Citizens Brigade has performed in the Comedy Tent at the Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival in Manchester, Tennessee.

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, UCB had locations in the New York City neighborhoods of Hell's Kitchen and the East Village, and on Sunset Boulevard in Los Angeles. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, this location and the New York training center were closed on Tuesday, April 21, 2020, leaving no NYC locations of UCB, with no confirmed plans for revival. However, on June 29, 2023, UCB announced its return to New York at 242 E. 14th Street, which will house a 130-seat theater, a bar, and a lounge. The space was expected to open in early 2024.

### Los Angeles

In 2005, the Los Angeles branch of the theater opened at 5919 Franklin Avenue in Hollywood, offering up improv, sketch and stand-up comedy shows nightly with a 120-seat capacity. Soon after, *Comedy Bang! Bang!* (formerly Comedy Death-Ray), a Los Angeles alternative comedy show moved from its former home at the M Bar to join the Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre, appearing on Tuesday nights.

An expansion in Los Angeles started in 2014. In 2014, UCB announced the opening of UCB Theatre Sunset located at 5419 Sunset Boulevard for November 1. The venue played home to Upright Citizens Brigade's training center, an 85-seat theatre, cafe/performance space called Inner Sanctum, video production offices, and even retail stores on street level. This location was sold in December 2020, leaving the Franklin theater as the only space owned by UCB.

In March 2022, former owner and CEO of The Onion, Mike McAvoy, and co-founder of Mosaic talent management, Jimmy Miller, acquired UCB and its lone remaining theater with the backing of venture capitalist, Elysian Park. They reopened the UCB comedy theater and Los Angeles training centers in September 2022.

## Theatre

The **Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre** (shorter **UCB Theatre** or just UCB) is an American improvisational and sketch comedy training center and theatre, originally founded by UCB troupe members Matt Besser, Amy Poehler, Ian Roberts and Matt Walsh.

### Philosophy

The Upright Citizens Brigade Theatre Training Center teaches long form improv, sketch, writing, parts of directing, and various other comedy skills. The training center's philosophy of improv is based largely on the teachings of Del Close, with a strong emphasis on the "game" of the scene. In 2013, they co-authored a manual titled *The Upright Citizens Brigade Comedy Improvisation Manual*. The primary improvisational form is "The Harold", and the theater in all its incarnations has had a group of "Harold Teams", house teams that perform regularly.

## Screen ventures

The original group, Matt Besser, Matt Walsh, Ian Roberts, and Amy Poehler have had two TV shows—*Upright Citizens Brigade* and *The UCB Show*—and their show *ASSSSCAT* has been televised twice. In addition to this they had a TV movie called *Escape From It's a Wonderful Life* and appeared weekly on *Late Night with Conan O'Brien* in the 90s.

In the way of film, in 2002 they created and starred in the film *Martin & Orloff*, and made another movie in 2007 titled *Wild Girls Gone*. Neither film was particularly successful or well received.

The group has participated in web series including the ongoing series *UCB Comedy Originals*, created in 2008, which occasionally shows sketches, and *I Hate Being Single*, created in 2012.

In 2016, Universal Cable Productions announced signing Upright Citizens Brigade to a first-look production deal.

## Pop culture

*Saturday Night Live* has been known for seeking top talent from UCB's pool of students.

TV shows like *The Chris Gethard Show* created by Chris Gethard; and *Broad City* created by Abbi Jacobson and Ilana Glazer started out as UCB experiments.

## Notable alumni

## Further reading

* Raftery, Brian (2013). *High-Status Characters: How the Upright Citizens Brigade Stormed a City, Started a Scene, and Changed Comedy Forever*. Brooklyn: Megawatt Press.

## InfoBox

Upright Citizens Brigade
| Formation | 1990 (1990) |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Theatre group |
| Purpose | Improvisational comedy, sketch comedy, stand-up comedy, surreal humor, theater, variety shows |
| Location |  |
| Website | ucbcomedy.com |


title: Lyell baronets

abstract: There have been two baronetcies created for members of the Lyell family, both in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Both creations are extinct. The Lyell Baronetcy, of Kinnordy in the County of Forfar, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 22 August 1864 for the prominent Scottish geologist Charles Lyell. The title became extinct on his death in 1875. The Lyell Baronetcy, of Kinnordy in the County of Forfar, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 1 January 1894 for the Scottish Liberal politician Leonard Lyell. He was the nephew of the first Baronet of the 1864 creation. Lyell was later elevated to the peerage as Baron Lyell. The baronetcy became extinct along with the barony in 2017.

text:
# Lyell baronets

There have been two **baronetcies** created for members of the **Lyell** family, both in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. Both creations are extinct.

The **Lyell Baronetcy**, of Kinnordy in the County of Forfar, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 22 August 1864 for the prominent Scottish geologist **Charles Lyell**. The title became extinct on his death in 1875.

The **Lyell Baronetcy**, of Kinnordy in the County of Forfar, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 1 January 1894 for the Scottish Liberal politician **Leonard Lyell**. He was the nephew of the first Baronet of the 1864 creation. Lyell was later elevated to the peerage as Baron Lyell. The baronetcy became extinct along with the barony in 2017.

## Lyell baronets, of Kinnordy (1864)

## Lyell baronets, of Kinnordy (1894)


title: The Beauty of the Game

abstract: The Beauty of the Game is a 2009 TVB television drama from Hong Kong produced and created by Tsui Yu On. It is a contemporary drama focusing on recreational drug use and the negative issues surrounding Hong Kong's entertainment circle.

text:
# The Beauty of the Game

| The Beauty of the Game | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| title card | |
| Traditional Chinese | 美麗高解像 |
| Simplified Chinese | 美丽高解像 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin měi lì gāo jiě xiàng  Yue: Cantonese  Jyutping mei5 lai6 gou1 gaai2 zoeng6 | |
|  | |

***The Beauty of the Game*** (Traditional Chinese: 美麗高解像) is a 2009 TVB television drama from Hong Kong produced and created by Tsui Yu On. It is a contemporary drama focusing on recreational drug use and the negative issues surrounding Hong Kong's entertainment circle.

## Synopsis

Setting out on their quest for fame and fortune, three female TV stars of different backgrounds are determined to achieve their dreams at any price. But after so many ups and downs in their acting careers, they finally come to discover the meaning of true beauty.

When Ko Ching-Man (Kate Tsui) wins a beauty a pageant, she quickly leaps to stardom and becomes a celebrity, despite the protests of her mother, Cheung Lai-Hung (Kingdom Yuen), a retired actress. Lai-Hung knows that the life of a celebrity is not what it seems, and tries to protect her daughter from the harsh reality. Ko-Ching soon meets fellow actress Cally (Sharon Chan), and the two quickly become best friends. Cally is dating her assistant production friend Deacon (Lai Lok-yi). Ko-Ching soon finds out that Cally pretends to be rich in front of the media by borrowing money from the bank and opening multiple credit cards. Ko-Ching promises not to tell anybody. However, when the two best friends land roles in a movie, Cally wants to eliminate Ko-Ching's part so that she will be the main star. Leading actress Keung Chi-Fung (Christine Ng), once a bitter rival of Ko-Ching's mother, exposes Cally's lies and reveals the truth behind Cally's supposed wealth to the media.

Chi-Fung sees this as an opportunity to eliminate two rising stars and she begins to take Ko-Ching under her wing, slowly planning to bring her into a moral downfall. Chi-Fung pretends to be kind, but as they grow closer, Chi-Fung begins tempting Ko-Ching with drugs and money. Under Chi-Fung's influence, Lai-Hung begins to see a dramatic change in her daughter's character. Ko-Ching begins using dirty tactics to hurt Cally, such as stealing Deacon away from her. Eventually, Ko-Ching realizes Chi-Fung is just pretending to be her friend, just like Cally was.

As Ko-Ching becomes more and more scheming, she no longer trusts anyone and thinks everyone has betrayed her. Everyone is shocked by Ko-Ching's sudden change is personality, from Cally, to Chin-Fung, to her friend Kit, and even a paparazzo that has always admired Ko-Ching.

As Ko-Ching's acting career takes off, Chi-Fung becomes desperate for everlasting beauty and injects her face with botox in an attempt to slow the aging process. However, Chi-Fung's face begins changing shape and her cosmetic endorsements with many companies are cut, being replaced by Ko-Ching. Even the best actress award, that she has won for years, are slipping out of Chi-Fung's hands. To vent her anger, Chi-Fung vows to plunge Ko-Ching into a pit of despair and pain.

Ko Ching vows revenge after finding out Chi-Fung was only using her. She hurts and loses the trust of everyone around her. She takes in a rising actress named Gigi, teaching her the selfish ways that Chi-Fung taught her. Ko Ching comes home to a screaming mother, and her father surprisingly slaps her. Things go awry.

Cally has become addicted to drugs, due to Tom Tom's influence. She ransacks her parents house for drugs, and takes them all. She runs out of the house, knocking her paralyzed father out of the way. Her mom chases her and develops a heart attack and passes. From then on Cally vows to stop taking drugs and admits herself to rehabilitation.

Ko Ching calls Kit to comfort her in the park, when a mysterious man comes up to her and scratches her face with a knife. We later find out that Chi Fung hired him. She has 3 cuts, 3 millimeters thick, and it may be the end of her acting career. But Ko Ching changes herself, regretting about becoming a monster obsessed in fame and soaking in the limelight.

All is right when Ko Ching, Cally and Deacon are best friends again. Cally volunteers at the drug use facility and she and Ko Ching are in Deacon's new film. Doggie and Kit get married, and Cally and Deacon are dating.

The Best Actress Awards were Chi Fung's downfall. Chi Fung knew that Ko Ching would get the award. She attempted to kill her, leading her to the rooftop of the building. Chi Fung falls to the edge. Ko Ching couldn't save her. She was paralyzed from top to bottom, only her eyes move. Ko Ching comes to the hospital to visit her and gives her the Best Actress trophy. Turns out, Chi Fung won. And the 3 actresses learn that acting isn't in looks. It's about the feeling to give out to the viewers. And alas, the 3 actresses learn the meaning of true beauty.

## Cast

### Main characters

* Kate Tsui as **Ko Ching-man**, nicknamed **Ko Ching** (meaning high definition), (Semi Villain) the 20-year-old daughter of restaurant owner Ko Kai-cheung and retired television actress Cheung Lai-hung. Ko Ching wishes to become a celebrity but her mother is against the idea, arguing that Ko Ching's frank and stubborn personality is unsuitable for a career in the entertainment industry. Ko Ching befriends make-up artist Kit Leung, who encourages her to join the "Perfect True Woman" beauty pageant so she can fulfill her dream of becoming a star. Ko Ching surprisingly wins the crown, opting her to sign a television artiste contract with New Star Television (NSTV).
* Christine Ng as **Keung Chin-fung**, (Main Villain) NSTV's award-winning television actress. Orphaned as a child, Chin-fung has no family nor friends, and only has her assistants to confide to. For many years, she has always been overshadowed by Lai-hung, then a popular television action star. Lai-hung later unexpectedly retires from the acting industry, and Chin-fung's popularity soared, becoming one of Hong Kong's most popular A-list television actresses. Through carefully planned schemes and affairs, she remains popular and influential in the television industry, receiving many acting and modeling opportunities.
* Raymond Cho Wing-Lim as **Wan Sze-wai**, nicknamed **Wan Siu Sang**, a well-known NSTV television actor. He owns a private night club called Sawasdee Club.
* Sharon Chan as **Cally Tong**, (Semi-Villain)NSTV's young rising actress. Cally was raised in Canada, where her father started a business. Business failed and her family was declared bankrupt. Cally returns to Hong Kong and enters the entertainment industry in order to earn enough money to raise her family. She borrows many loans and credits in order to appear rich in front of her colleagues and the media.
* Lai Lok-yi as **Deacon Chong**, the 24-year-old son of 'Perfection Beauty Products' CEO CT Chong and 'Sabrina' GM Lena Lam. Deacon was educated in the United States to study film and media, returning to Hong Kong soon after to be a production assistant for NSTV. Deacon initially keeps his family background a secret, wanting to achieve success through his own hard work instead of through his parents' connections.
* Kingdom Yuen as **Cheung Lai-hung**,(Semi Villain)a retired television actress who once worked for NSTV. Lai-hung was once a popular kung fu action star, but due to a filming accident, she injures her legs and becomes crippled, forcing her to retire from the entertainment industry. With the help of Kai-cheung, her husband, she opens up a small family restaurant and hires her past acting colleagues to be her servers.

### Recurring characters

* Wong Cho Lam as **Yuen Kwok-fan**, nicknamed **Doggie Fan**, is a paparazzi reporter. Although he initially dislikes Ko Ching, who has always been sabotaging his stalking missions, he unknowingly develops a crush on her and pursues her, despite being rejected many times.
* Stephen Huynh as **Tong Wai-po**, nicknamed **Tom Tom**, NSTV's young rising actor who was born and raised overseas. He arrived in Hong Kong to try a career in modeling, which brought him to become a managed television actor under NSTV. His handsome looks causes him to be the center of attention with all sorts of rumors, including those that involve his own sexuality.
* Mimi Lo as **Kit Leung**, Man's good friend and make-up consultant, who also encouraged Ko Ching to join the "Perfect True Woman" beauty pageant.
* Mak Cheung-ching as **To Tang**, a stunt double for various actors. He was once an action choreographer, and was also once in a relationship with Chin-fung, but after Chin-fung rises to fame, she heartlessly breaks up with him.
* Yvonne Lam as **Lena Lam** a strong business woman. Lena is the general manager of fashion brand Sabina, also the mother of Deacon and wife of CT.
* Felix Lok as **Ko Kai-cheung**, the father of Ko Ching and husband of Lai-hung.
* Yu Yang as **Chong Chung-tai**, or **CT**, the father of Deacon and husband of Lena. He is the CEO of Perfect Beauty Products, who has been using Chin-fung as a regular model and spokesperson.
* Jeanette Leung as **Bowie Kan**, who joins the same beauty pageant as Ko Ching, also winning the same artiste contract to become a celebrity. Unfortunately for her, she does not receive the same popularity and acting opportunities as Ko Ching, and works through schemes to get herself noticed by the media.
* Ben Wong as **Leung Ching-on**, a respectable television director and producer.
* Kwok Fung as **Chiu Kai-hung**, Chin-fung's make-up artist.

## Viewership ratings

|  | Week | Episodes | Average Points | Peaking Points | References |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | December 14–18, 2009 | 1 — 5 | 26 |  |  |
| **2** | December 21–24, 2009 | 6 — 9 | 26 | 29 |  |
| **3** | December 28–31, 2009 | 10 — 13 | 26 | 29 |  |
| **4** | January 4–8, 2010 | 14 — 18 | 28 |  |  |

## Trivia

* "Ko Ching" in Chinese means "High Definition". The main character "Ko Ching Man" is named after "HD" because the entire series was shot in High Definition. Kate Tsui mentions this during a press conference of The Beauty of the Game.
* The original idea for the show was to show the secrets of the Hong Kong Entertainment Industry.
* At the end of each episode, a 30-second advertisement is shown with the closing credits regarding the drug use in each of the episodes sponsored by the Ministry of Health and Japan White Rabbit.

* TVB.com *The Beauty of the Game* \- Official Website (in Chinese)
* K for TVB *The Beauty of the Game* \- Episode Summaries & Screencaptures (in English)

## InfoBox

| *The Beauty of the Game* | |
| --- | --- |
| Official poster | |
| 美麗高解像 | |
| Created by | Tsui Yu On |
| Written by | Lau Siu Kwan |
| Directed by | Lai Pak Yin |
| Starring | Kate Tsui
Christine Ng
Raymond Cho
Sharon Chan
Lai Lok-yi
Kingdom Yuen
Wong Cho-lam
Mimi Lo
Mak Cheung-ching |
| Theme music composer | Tang Chi Wai |
| Opening theme | "Shameless Love" (愛無愧) by Denise Ho |
| Country of origin | Hong Kong |
| Original language | Cantonese |
| No. of episodes | 18
20 (DVD) |
| Production | |
| Executive producer | Tsui Yu On |
| Production location | Hong Kong |
| Editor | Lau Chi Wah |
| Camera setup | Multi camera |
| Running time | 42 – 45 minutes |
| Production company | TVB |
| Original release | |
| Network | TVB Jade |
| Release | December 14, 2009 (2009-12-14)
January 8, 2010 (2010-01-08) |