title: Lisa Lashes

abstract:
Lisa Lashes, is an English electronic dance music DJ and music producer known for mixing numerous Euphoria albums and for her Lashed dance music events.
She has headlined European and international music festivals such as Global Gathering, Creamfields, Nocturnal Wonderland and Dance Valley, UK events such as Godskitchen, Gatecrasher, Inside Out and Planet Love and has toured China, Canada, US, Russia, Australia and New Zealand.

text:
# Lisa Lashes

**Lisa Lashes** (born **Lisa Dawn Rose-Wyatt** on 23 April 1971 in Coventry, England), is an English electronic dance music DJ and music producer known for mixing numerous *Euphoria* albums and for her Lashed dance music events. She has headlined European and international music festivals such as Global Gathering, Creamfields, Nocturnal Wonderland and Dance Valley, UK events such as Godskitchen, Gatecrasher, Inside Out and Planet Love and has toured China, Canada, US, Russia, Australia and New Zealand.

## Career

Lisa Dawn Rose-Wyatt was born in Holbrooks, Coventry, where she grew up with her mother, father, three sisters, and two brothers. Raised as a Jehovah's Witness, on Sundays, Lisa would attend meetings and do door-to-door preaching with her parents to hand out *The Watchtower* and read from the Bible. In her early years, Lisa went to John Shelton School, then to President Kennedy Comprehensive School and at 16, joined a 2-year youth training scheme with Marks & Spencer, where she worked for eight years.

Lisa first discovered a passion for dance music when she began clubbing at events such as Miss Moneypenny's and Chuff Chuff, where she got to see her favourite DJs of that time: Lisa Loud, John Kelly and the late Tony De Vit.

### 1993–2003: Early

Lisa Lashes first emerged as a DJ in 1992. In 1995, she performed at a friend's boat party, where she met Sundissential promoter Paul Madan or 'Madders'; she got offered the second official advertisement to continue residency at the Sunday club in Birmingham.

In 1999 the Tidy Boys recruited Lisa Lashes to help Tidy Trax by fronting the relaunch studio project's "The Tidy Girls EP" alongside Rachel Auburn, Lisa Pin-Up and Anne Savage. The "Tidy Girls EP" reached 96 in the UK official singles chart, and the tracks were credited as some of the first in the "bounce" style.

Her single release "Unbelievable" spent four weeks in the United Kingdom official singles chart, peaking at No. 63 in July 2000. Two years later, in 2002, a follow up release of "Unbelievable", remixed with trance artists Lab 4, reached 78 in the same chart. In October 2003 the single "What Can You Do 4 Me?", released on Tidy Trax, achieved her highest UK singles chart position at number 52.

In 2000, Lisa Lashes was voted by readers of *DJ Magazine* in their annual top 100 list of the most popular DJs, the first and only female to date among the top ten DJs in the world.

### 2003–2010: The Launch of Lashed

In 2003, Lisa Lashes launched her 'Lashed events' in Ibiza. Having held residencies in Ibiza for several years, playing Godskitchen, Judgement Sundays, Slinky, and Tonic, Lisa wanted to create something unique. For 15 weeks in the summer of 2003, Lashed in Ibiza took over the iconic nightclub 'Eden' in the heart of the San Antonio waterfront and it quickly became a sell-out event. To bring Lashed to a global audience, Lisa partnered with Nettwerk Management to promote Lashed as a premiere dance music event, taking Lashes to China, Canada, America, Netherlands, Australia, New Zealand, and Japan.

### 2010–Present: Transition to trance and techno

Lisa Lashes launched her trance-based Lashed Podcast on iTunes and her website in April 2010. The monthly podcast garnered 90,000 subscribers within the first year. Lisa Lashes then began producing trance music with her debut release 'Election Day' being signed to Marcel Woods' Musical Madness label. She went on to release on labels such as Discover Dark, High Contrast, Reset Records and her own Lashed Music label, some of which received support from leading trance artists Armin van Buuren, Paul van Dyk and Judge Jules. Since her transition to trance music Lisa has performed at major trance events such as A State of Trance 550 in Den Bosch, Holland, Nocturnal Wonderland in California and Gatecrasher in Shanghai, she continues to tour and perform worldwide.

## Discography

### Albums and compilations

* Slinky (1999)
* Hard House Euphoria Volume 1 (2000)
* Lashed! (2000)
* The Tidy Girls Annual (2001)
* Extreme Euphoria Volume 1 (2002)
* Extreme Euphoria Volume 2 (2002)
* Extreme Euphoria Volume 3 (2003)
* Extreme Euphoria Volume 4 (2003)
* Get Lashed in Australia (2004)
* Summer Bangers (2004)
* Lashed (2005)
* Lashed Euphoria (2006)
* The Very Best of Extreme Euphoria (2007)
* Lisa Lashes (2007)
* Goodgreef Xtra Hard (2009)
* Hard Dance Icons 003 (2010)

### Singles and EPs

* Tidy Girls EP (1999, Tidy Trax, with Rachel Auburn)
* Sundissential EP (1999, Tidy Trax, with Paul Kershaw)
* Unbelievable / Dance 2 The House (Don't Go) *(2000, Tidy Trax)*
* Lookin' Good (2000, Tidy Trax)
* Unbelievable (2000, Tidy Trax)
* Unbelievable (2002, Tidy Trax, Lisa Lashes vs Lab 4)
* What Can You Do 4 Me? (2003, Tidy Trax)
* Dance 2 The House - I'm In Control (2004, Tidy Trax, with Jon Bishop)
* Desire (2005, Gravity Trapp)
* Deadbeat (2005, Riot! Recordings)
* Can't Sleep (2007, Lashed Music)
* Always Faithful (2007, Lashed Music)
* Lashed Track (2008, Lashed Music)
* Zipp It! (2008, Lashed Music)
* Has It Come To This? (2009, Lashed Music)
* Nu Religion (2009, Kiddfectious)
* Disarray (2009, Lashed Music)
* Bondage & Whips (2009, Lashed Music)
* Dancefloor Orgy (2010, Lashed Music)
* Release Me (2010, Siren Trax)
* Bring on In / 12 Hours in Brixton (2010, Discover Dark)
* Lashed Theme (2010, Lashed Music)
* Election Day (2010, Musical Madness)
* F33L (2010, Lashed Music)
* Hold Tight (2010, Lashed Music)
* Emotions (2010, Lashed Music)
* 52 Degrees (2011, Reset Records)
* High Vision (2011, High Contrast)
* Numero Uno (2011)
* Mandala (2011)
* The Bends (2011)
* Illusionize (2011)
* Snapshot (2012)
* Interconnect (2012)
* Harmonic Degree (2013)
* Topaz (2013)
* Wanted To Feel (2013, Lashed Music)
* Kaleidoscope (2013, Fraction Records)
* ARPwave (2014, Pharmacy)
* Virus (2014 Fraction Records)
* What You Know (2014)

– exclusive to Social Deconstruction

* Mind Control (2012, Lashed Music)

## InfoBox

| Lisa Lashes | |
| --- | --- |
| Lisa Lashes at Escape into the Park | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Lisa Dawn Rose-Wyatt |
| Also known as | DJ Lisa Lashes, Lashes, Origin-L |
| Born | (1971-04-23) 23 April 1971<br>Coventry, England |
| Genres | Techno, tech house, hard house, trance |
| Occupations | DJ, music producer |
| Years active | 1996–present |
| Labels | Lashed Music (2007–present) |
|  | |
| Website | djlisalashes.com |


title: Nowy Brus

abstract: Nowy Brus is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stary Brus, within Włodawa County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

text:
# Nowy Brus

**Nowy Brus** \[ˈnɔvɨ ˈbrus\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stary Brus, within Włodawa County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

## InfoBox

| Nowy Brus | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
|  | |
| Nowy Brus | |
| Coordinates: 51°28′59″N 23°18′34″E / 51.48306°N 23.30944°E / 51.48306; 23.30944 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lublin |
| County | Włodawa |
| Gmina | Stary Brus |


title: The Sixth Commandment (1947 film)

abstract: The Sixth Commandment is a 1947 Swedish drama film directed by and starring Stig Järrel and also featuring Ester Roeck Hansen, Gösta Cederlund and Ingrid Backlin. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director Nils Nilsson. The title refers to the Sixth Commandment for Lutherans "Thou shalt not commit adultery".

text:
# The Sixth Commandment (1947 film)

***The Sixth Commandment*** (Swedish: ***Sjätte budet***) is a 1947 Swedish drama film directed by and starring Stig Järrel and also featuring Ester Roeck Hansen, Gösta Cederlund and Ingrid Backlin. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director Nils Nilsson. The title refers to the Sixth Commandment for Lutherans "Thou shalt not commit adultery".

## Synopsis

Jane Hagwald has been married for many years and has grown gradually dissatisfied in the relationship, and she takes a lover. When her daughter discovers her affair she drives her out of the home.

## Cast

1. Ramsaye p.42

## Bibliography

* Ramsaye, Terry. *International Motion Picture Almanac*. Quigley Publishing Company, 1948.

## InfoBox

| The Sixth Commandment | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Stig Järrel |
| Written by | Arne Mehrens |
| Produced by | Stellan Claësson |
| Starring | Stig Järrel
Ester Roeck Hansen
Gösta Cederlund
Ingrid Backlin |
| Cinematography | Walter Boberg |
| Edited by | Eric Nordemar |
| Music by | Jules Sylvain |
| Production
company | Kungsfilm |
| Distributed by | Kungsfilm |
| Release date | * 27 September 1947 (1947-09-27) |
| Running time | 112 minutes |
| Country | Sweden |
| Language | Swedish |


title: SscA RNA

abstract: The SscA RNA gene was identified computationally in AT-rich hyperthermophiles using QRNA bioinformatics software. SscA is 97 nucleotides in length and is of unknown function. The predicted distribution of SscA RNA is currently restricted to the genera pyrococcus and thermococcus. Other RNAs identified with SscA include HgcC, HgcE, HgcF and HgcG.

text:
# SscA RNA

The **SscA RNA** (Secondary Structure Conserved A) gene was identified computationally in AT-rich hyperthermophiles using QRNA bioinformatics software. SscA is 97 nucleotides in length and is of unknown function.

The predicted distribution of SscA RNA is currently restricted to the genera *pyrococcus* and *thermococcus* (see Rfam page).

Other RNAs identified with SscA include HgcC, HgcE, HgcF and HgcG.

## InfoBox

| SscA RNA | |
| --- | --- |
| Predicted secondary structure and sequence conservation of SscA | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | SscA |
| Rfam | RF00063 |
| Other data | |
| RNA type | Gene |
| Domain(s) | Archaea |
| SO | SO:0000233 |
| PDB structures | PDBe |


title: Nature Canada

abstract: Nature Canada is a member-based environmental organization headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario. Its supporters include more than 100,000 individuals and over 800 affiliated organizations, including local and provincial naturalist clubs. The organization's mission is to “protect and conserve wildlife and habitats in Canada by engaging people and advocating on behalf of nature.” Their conservation work is based predominantly on community-based efforts to protect animals, plants and habitat, lobbying for legislation at the federal level to protect endangered species and habitats, and working as a Canadian co-partner for BirdLife International's Important Bird Area (IBA) program.

text:
# Nature Canada

**Nature Canada** is a member-based environmental organization headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario. Its supporters include more than 100,000 individuals and over 800 affiliated organizations, including local and provincial naturalist clubs.

The organization's mission is to “protect and conserve wildlife and habitats in Canada by engaging people and advocating on behalf of nature.” Their conservation work is based predominantly on community-based efforts to protect animals, plants and habitat, lobbying for legislation at the federal level to protect endangered species and habitats, and working as a Canadian co-partner for BirdLife International's Important Bird Area (IBA) program.

## History

Nature Canada traces its roots back to September 30, 1939, when Reginald Whittemore launched the magazine *Canadian Nature* in honour of his late wife, Mabel Frances Whittemore. The organization claims this makes Nature Canada the oldest national nature conservation charity in Canada, however Ducks Unlimited Canada was founded two years earlier in 1937

In 1948, the organization established itself as the **Audubon Society of Canada**.

In 1971, the Audubon Society of Canada expanded its mandate beyond bird conservation and re-established itself as the **Canadian Nature Federation (CNF)**.

In 2004, the CNF changed its name to simply **Nature Canada**.

## Program areas

Nature Canada's work focuses on:

* **Protected Areas** — Canada made a promise to protect at least 17% of land and inland water and 10% of coastal and marine areas by 2020.
* **NatureHood** — an urban nature program seeking to connect Canadians living in cities to nature nearby to them. The initial NatureHood pilot project is based in Ottawa, Ontario and Gatineau, Quebec.
* **NatureNetwork** – the term Nature Canada uses for its network of local Canadian naturalist organizations as well as its provincial affiliates in every province.

Nature Canada formerly published a magazine, *Canadian Nature*, however it discontinued publication in 2004, after 65 years. The organization produced the television show *Audubon Wildlife Theatre*. The organization produces teacher guides, technical reports, media releases, brochures, information packages and an e-newsletter.

## InfoBox

Nature Canada
|
|  |
| Founded | 1939 (1939) |
| Founder | Reginald Whittemore |
| Type | Non-profit |
| Focus | Nature conservation, Environmentalism |
| Location |  |
| Executive Director | Emily McMillan |
| Website | naturecanada.ca |


title: Mahfouz Adedimeji

abstract: Mahfouz A. Adedimeji is a Nigerian professor of Pragmatics and Applied Linguistics. He is the pioneer Vice Chancellor of Ahman Pategi University, Patigi in Nigeria, a Fulbright scholar, former Director of the Centre for Peace and Strategic Studies of the University of Ilorin, an ex-member of the Governing Council of the International Peace Research Association and a cultural ambassador to the US under the Institute of International Education (IIE), New York.

text:
# Mahfouz Adedimeji

**Mahfouz A. Adedimeji** is a Nigerian professor of Pragmatics and Applied Linguistics. He is the pioneer Vice Chancellor of Ahman Pategi University, Patigi in Nigeria, a Fulbright scholar, former Director of the Centre for Peace and Strategic Studies of the University of Ilorin, an ex-member of the Governing Council of the International Peace Research Association and a cultural ambassador to the US under the Institute of International Education (IIE), New York.

## Early life and education

Mahfouz A. Adedimeji was born into the family of Shaykh Ahmad Mahaliy Adedimeji and Khadijah Abeje in Iwo Osun State. He attended St. Anthony's R. C. M., Ile-Idisin, Iwo and St. Mary's Grammar School, Iwo. He obtained his B.A. (Honours), M.A. and Ph.D. degrees in English Language from the University of Ilorin. He received additional training from such institutions as Virtual Institute for Higher Education Pedagogy (HIVEP), Virtual Institute for Higher Education in Africa (VIHEAF), Governors State University, Illinois, United States of America and Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, Notre Dame University, Indiana, United States of America .

## Career

Mahfouz A. Adedimeji started his academic career in 2000 at Ladoke Akintola University where he was an Instructor for the Pre-Degree Science Programme from July – December 2000. From October 2000 - August 2001, he was a graduate Assistant at the Department of General Studies. Between 2005 and 2006, he was a cultural ambassador and Fulbright Scholar to Governors State University (GSU), Illinois, where he studied and taught. He eventually joined the University of Ilorin where he rose through the ranks ( of academic ladder) to become a professor in October, 2019.

## Awards and honours

Mahfouz A. Adedimeji has won awards from International Chartered World Learned Society, American Biographical Institute, National Congress of Nigerian Students (NACONS), Union of Campus Journalists, University of Ilorin, the Nigerian Army Education Corps, Postgraduate Students Association and Muslim Students Society of Nigeria (MSSN).

## Publications

Apart from peer-reviewed journals, he has also published different genres of books;

### Anthologies

* The Word or the Sword?
* Five Alive and Fifty-five Other Poems

### Non Fiction

* Let's Talk about Death
* The Webs of Shaitan
* Right Writing, Wrong Writing
* Doses of Grammar

## Fellowships and memberships

He is a Fellow and Knight of the World Institute for Peace. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Corporate Administration, Nigeria; Society for Peace Studies and Practice, as well as International Association of Research Scholars and Administrators (IARSA) . He is also a member of the English Scholars' Association of Nigeria (ESAN), Pragmatics Association of Nigeria (PrAN), Association of Nigerian Authors (ANA) and Fulbright Alumni Association of Nigeria (FAAN).

1. "UNILORIN professor appointed pioneer VC of Ahman Pategi University - Premium Times Nigeria". 2021-02-25. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
2. Mahfouz, Adedimeji (2013-12-27). "Biography | Mahfouz Adedimeji". Retrieved 2022-07-01.
3. "Mahfouz Adedimeji:pioneering Academic Excellence At Ahman Pategi University, Patigi, Kwara State (apu )". *www.thenigerianvoice.com*. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
4. "FLASH: Prof. Mahfouz Adedimeji becomes VC - UCJ-UNILORIN". 2021-02-24. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
5. Olesin, Abdullahi (2022-09-26). "Pategi Varsity VC Urges Nigerians To Shun Hatred, Embrace Peace". Retrieved 2022-10-15.
6. "Prof. Mahfouz Adedimeji: A YOUNG VICE-CHANCELLOR'S STRATEGY FOR SUCCESS – THISDAYLIVE". *www.thisdaylive.com*. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
7. "Scholars should be promoted as role models – Adedimeji". *Punch Newspapers*. 2022-10-23. Retrieved 2022-10-27.
8. Lateef A, Bello; Akinde, Hafiz (2022). *THE METEORIC RISE OF A DYNAMIC ACADEMIC*. Kwara, Nigeria: Creative Embassy Company. ISBN 978-1-100-22097-0.

## InfoBox

| ProfessorMahfouz AdedimejiPhD | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Pioneer Vice Chancellor of Ahman Pategi University | |
| Preceded by | Nil |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Citizenship | Nigeria |
| Education | Markaz Shabaabil Islam, Iwo, Osun State and Markaz Ta’aleemil Araby, Agege, Lagos State |
| Alma mater | B. A., M. A., PhD. University of Ilorin |
| Profession | Professor of pragmatics and applied linguistics |
| Website | https://mahfouzadedimeji.com/ |
|  | |


title: Water chiller

abstract: A water chiller is a device used to lower the temperature of water. Most chillers use refrigerant in a closed loop system to facilitate heat exchange from water where the refrigerant is then pumped to a location where the waste heat is transferred to the atmosphere. However, there are other methods in performing this action. In hydroponics, pumps, lights and ambient heat can warm the reservoir water temperatures, leading to plant root and health problems. For ideal plant health, a chiller can be used to lower the water temperature below ambient level; 68 °F (20 °C) is a good temperature for most plants. This results in healthy root production and efficient absorption of nutrients. In air conditioning, chilled water is often used to cool a building's air and equipment, especially in situations where many individual rooms must be controlled separately, such as a hotel. A chiller lowers water temperature to between 40 °F (4 °C) and 45 °F (7 °C) before the water is pumped to the location to be cooled.

text:
# Water chiller

A **water chiller** is a device used to lower the temperature of water. Most chillers use refrigerant in a closed loop system to facilitate heat exchange from water where the refrigerant is then pumped to a location where the waste heat is transferred to the atmosphere. However, there are other methods in performing this action.

In hydroponics, pumps, lights and ambient heat can warm the reservoir water temperatures, leading to plant root and health problems. For ideal plant health, a chiller can be used to lower the water temperature below ambient level; 68 °F (20 °C) is a good temperature for most plants. This results in healthy root production and efficient absorption of nutrients.

In air conditioning, chilled water is often used to cool a building's air and equipment, especially in situations where many individual rooms must be controlled separately, such as a hotel. A chiller lowers water temperature to between 40 °F (4 °C) and 45 °F (7 °C) before the water is pumped to the location to be cooled.


abstract: The 1917 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship was the 25th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887. Claughaun were the defending champions. Newcastle West won the championship after a 3–04 to 3–01 defeat of Young Irelands in the final. It was their first ever championship title.

text:
# 1917 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship

The **1917 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship** was the 25th staging of the Limerick Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Limerick County Board in 1887.

Claughaun were the defending champions.

Newcastle West won the championship after a 3–04 to 3–01 defeat of Young Irelands in the final. It was their first ever championship title.

## InfoBox

1917 Limerick Senior Hurling Championship
| Champions | Newcastle West (1st title) |
| --- | --- |
| Runners-up | Young Irelands |
| 1916 (Previous) (Next) 1918 | |


title: Linbury Prize for Stage Design

abstract: The Linbury Prize for Stage Design is the most prestigious prize for emerging stage designers with professional focus on theatre, dance, and opera companies in the United Kingdom. Since 1987, it has been awarded every two years.

text:
# Linbury Prize for Stage Design

John Sainsbury, Baron Sainsbury of Preston Candover, co-founder of Linbury Trust

The **Linbury Prize for Stage Design** is the most prestigious prize for emerging stage designers with professional focus on theatre, dance, and opera companies in the United Kingdom. Since 1987, it has been awarded every two years.

## History

In 1973, Lord Sainsbury of Preston Candover KG (John Sainsbury) and his wife Lady Sainsbury, CBE, the former ballerina Anya Linden, founded the charitable Linbury Trust (*Linbury* is a portmanteau combining the names *Lin*den and Sains*bury*). The Linbury Prize, intending to launch the careers of young stage designers, is funded entirely by the Linbury Trust and supported by a group of advocates, endorsing its aims. The first Linbury Prizes were awarded in 1987.

## Selection

The selection to determine the winners follows a procedure:

* The designs of entrants, recent graduates of theatre design courses at colleges across the United Kingdom, are presented to a group of three jurors.
* The designs of more than twelve candidates are selected.
* The selected candidates present their designs to the directors and choreographers of three previously selected, commissioning British theatre, opera house, or dance companies.
* Each company selects three designers with whom they desire to collaborate.
* The twelve finalists are asked to create designs for the companies forthcoming productions. Their expenses are covered by a sum supplied by the Linbury Trust.
* Four designs, one for each production, are selected. Their creators are the winners of the Linbury Prize for Stage Design, which is the commission to realise the selected designs on stage. Financial support for the winner as well as for the commissioning company is supplied by the Linbury Trust.

## Winners

Lady Sainsbury of Preston Candover, speaking at the Linbury Prize for Stage Design ceremony (Nov. 21, 2013)

From 1987 until 1995, three prizes, including the *overall winner* (OW), were awarded biennially.
Since 1997, four prizes are awarded biennially.
The following designers are awarded winners:

| Year | Winners | Judges | Commissioning Companies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2019 | Sami Fendall (OW)
TK Hay
Zoë Hurwitz
Rose Revitt | Lizzie Clachan
Katrina Lindsay
Rajha Shakiry | Birmingham Royal Ballet
Leeds Playhouse
Nuffield Southampton Theatres
Octagon Theatre, Bolton |
| 2017 | Basia Binkowska (OW)
Khadija Raza
Eleanor Bull
Fin Redshaw | Tom Piper
Nicky Shaw
Rae Smith | Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith
Mercury Theatre, Colchester
Phoenix Dance Theatre
Unicorn Theatre and ENO |
| 2015 | Grace Smart (OW)
Jen McGinley
Camilla Clarke
Philippa Brocklehurst | Sophie Jump
Tom Piper
Tom Scutt | Lyric Theatre, Belfast
Nuffield Southampton Theatres
Royal Court Theatre
Traverse Theatre, Edinburgh |
| 2013 | Ana Inés Jabares-Pita (OW)
Florence de Mare
Madeline Girling
Alexander Ruth | Christopher Oram
Es Devlin
John Macfarlane | English Touring Opera
National Theatre of Scotland
Nottingham Playhouse
Scottish Dance Theatre (in association with V&A Dundee) |
| 2011 | Hyemi Shin (OW)
Emma Bailey
Jemima Robinson
Sarah Beaton | Miriam Buether
Ian MacNeill
Jon Bausor | Lyric Theatre, Hammersmith
Royal Opera House (ROH)
The Opera Group
Watermill Theatre, Newbury |
| 2009 | Aleš Valášek (OW)
Samal Blak
Jean Chan
Ruth Sutcliffe | Katrina Lindsay
Bob Crowley
Nick Ormerod | Birmingham Opera Companya
Royal Theatre Northampton
Sound & Fury in collaboration with Fuel and Unicorn Theatre |
| 2007 | Garance Marneur (OW)
Helen Goddard
Rhys Jarman
Tom Scutt | Tim Hatley
Anthony Ward
Jean Guy-Lecat | Headlong
The Opera Group
Hampstead Theatre
Tricycle Theatre |
| 2005 | Patrick Burnier (OW)
Phil Brunner
James Cotterill
Hannah Clark | Tobias Hoheisel
Pamela Howard
Julian Crouch | Bristol Old Vic
Gate Theatre, Notting Hill
Nottingham Playhouse
Random Dance, Sadler's Wells |
| 2003 | Becs Andrews (OW)
Crista Noel Smith
Ben Stones
Adam Wiltshire | Hildegard Bechtler
John Macfarlane
Vicki Mortimer | Actors Touring Company
Royal Theatre Northampton
The Opera Group
West Yorkshire Playhouse |
| 2001 | Moritz Junge (OW)
Jessica Bergström
Max Jones
Nicholaos Zavaliaris | Lez Brotherston
Tom Cairns
Rae Smith | English Touring Theatre
Royal Court Theatre (J. B.'s commission realised at Soho Theatre)
Welsh National Opera
Young Vic |
| 1999 | Miriam Buether (OW)
Emma Cattell
Luke Hunt
Isla Shaw | Richard Hudson
Tim Hatley
Vicki Mortimer | English Touring Opera
Rambert Dance Company
Royal Lyceum Theatre Company, Edinburgh
Soho Theatre Company |
| 1997 | Yannis Thavoris (OW)
Fiona-Marie Chivers
Stuart Nunn
Julie Watson | Kandis Cook
Richard Foxton
Ian MacNeil | The Bush Theatre
Spitalfields Market Opera/English Touring Opera
Second Stride/Phoenix Dance Company
Salisbury Playhouse |
| 1995 | Es Devlin (OW)
Frank Gerssen
Agnes Treplin | Robin Cameron Don
Deborah MacMillan
Tanya McCallin | Mecklenburgh Opera
Octagon Theatre, Bolton
Traverse Theatre, Edinburgh |
| 1993 | Franziska Wilcken (OW)
Scott Sellers
Lakis Yenethli | Tom Cairns
Nigel Lowery
Jenny Tiramani | Birmingham Royal Ballet
Gate Theatre, London
West Yorkshire Playhouse |
| 1991 | Angela Davies (OW)
Lucy Bevan
Neil Irish | Deirdre Clancy
William Dudley
Jocelyn Herbert | Second Stride
Crucible Theatre, Sheffield
Opera North, Leeds |
| 1989 | Kenny MacLellan (OW)
Tim Hatley
Neil Warmington | Alison Chitty
Bob Crowley
Antony McDonald with Dame Judi Dench DBE (2nd stage only) | National Youth Theatre of Great Britain
Rambert Dance Company
Théâtre de Complicité |
| 1987 | Patrick Connellan (OW)
Sarah Ashpole
Demetra Maraslis Hersey |  |  |
|

## Website


title: Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge

abstract: The heart of Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge is a lowland basin of forests and wetlands that forms the floodplain of the meandering Nowitna River. The refuge's climate is typically marked by light precipitation, mild winds, long, hard winters and short, relatively warm, summers. The hills that circle the refuge lowlands are capped by alpine tundra. It takes a week in a canoe, or more than an hour in a small plane, to traverse the refuge's 2,100,000 acres (8,500 km⁲) of pristine wildlife habitat. Approximately 223 miles (359 km) of the Nowitna River's 283-mile (455 km) length flow within the boundaries of the refuge. Fish species inhabiting the river and its related lakes and streams include sheefish, burbot, whitefish, sucker, king and chum salmon, northern pike and arctic grayling. The slow, meandering lower reaches of the Nowitna wander through one of Alaska's many productive waterfowl nurseries. The grassy margins of the river, surrounding lakes, and waterways provide breeding habitat for trumpeter swans, white-fronted geese, canvasback ducks, cranes, and many other migratory species. More than 120 bird species have been sighted on the refuge during summer months, but only a few dozen hardy species remain through winters. Mature white spruce in the forested lowlands provide cover and den sites for marten, and trapping these and other furbearers remains important to the economy of people in the region. In fact, refuge lands have been used for centuries by Koyukon Athabascans for hunting, fishing, trapping and other subsistence activities. Mammal species including two species of fox, moose, wolf packs, Canadian lynx, marten, wolverine, black and grizzly bear species might be encountered anywhere on the refuge.

text:
# Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge

The heart of **Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge** is a lowland basin of forests and wetlands that forms the floodplain of the meandering Nowitna River. The refuge's climate is typically marked by light precipitation, mild winds, long, hard winters and short, relatively warm, summers. The hills that circle the refuge lowlands are capped by alpine tundra.

It takes a week in a canoe, or more than an hour in a small plane, to traverse the refuge's 2,100,000 acres (8,500 km2) of pristine wildlife habitat. Approximately 223 miles (359 km) of the Nowitna River's 283-mile (455 km) length flow within the boundaries of the refuge. Fish species inhabiting the river and its related lakes and streams include sheefish, burbot, whitefish, sucker, king and chum salmon, northern pike and arctic grayling.

The slow, meandering lower reaches of the Nowitna wander through one of Alaska's many productive waterfowl nurseries. The grassy margins of the river, surrounding lakes, and waterways provide breeding habitat for trumpeter swans, white-fronted geese, canvasback ducks, cranes, and many other migratory species. More than 120 bird species have been sighted on the refuge during summer months, but only a few dozen hardy species remain through winters.

Mature white spruce in the forested lowlands provide cover and den sites for marten, and trapping these and other furbearers remains important to the economy of people in the region. In fact, refuge lands have been used for centuries by Koyukon Athabascans for hunting, fishing, trapping and other subsistence activities. Mammal species including two species of fox, moose, wolf packs, Canadian lynx, marten, wolverine, black and grizzly bear species might be encountered anywhere on the refuge.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

## InfoBox

| Nowitna National Wildlife Refuge | |
| --- | --- |
| IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area) | |
| Map of Alaska, United States | |
| Location | Alaska, United States |
| Nearest city | Ruby, Alaska |
| Coordinates | 64°40′00″N 154°00′02″W / 64.6666667°N 154.0005556°W / 64.6666667; -154.0005556 |
| Area | 2,100,000 acres (8,500 km2) |
| Established | 1980 |
| Governing body | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |
| Website | Nowitna NWR |


title: 1931 Wimbledon Championships

abstract: The 1931 Wimbledon Championships took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament was held from Monday 22 June until Saturday 4 July 1931. It was the 51st staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the third Grand Slam tennis event of 1931. Sidney Wood and Cilly Aussem won the singles titles.

text:
# 1931 Wimbledon Championships

The **1931 Wimbledon Championships** took place on the outdoor grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon, London, United Kingdom. The tournament was held from Monday 22 June until Saturday 4 July 1931. It was the 51st staging of the Wimbledon Championships, and the third Grand Slam tennis event of 1931. Sidney Wood and Cilly Aussem won the singles titles.

## Finals

### Men's singles

Sidney Wood defeated  Frank Shields, walkover

### Women's singles

Cilly Aussem defeated  Hilde Krahwinkel, 6–2, 7–5

### Men's doubles

George Lott /  John Van Ryn defeated  Jacques Brugnon /  Henri Cochet, 6–2, 10–8, 9–11, 3–6, 6–3

### Women's doubles

Dorothy Shepherd-Barron /  Phyllis Mudford defeated  Doris Metaxa /  Josane Sigart, 3–6, 6–3, 6–4

### Mixed doubles

George Lott /  Anna Harper defeated  Ian Collins /  Joan Ridley, 6–3, 1–6, 6–1

## InfoBox

| 1931 Wimbledon Championships | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 22 June – 4 July |
| Edition | 51st |
| Category | Grand Slam |
| Surface | Grass |
| Location | Church Road
SW19, Wimbledon,
London, United Kingdom |
| Venue | All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club |
| Champions | |
| Men's singles | |
| Sidney Wood | |
| Women's singles | |
| Cilly Aussem | |
| Men's doubles | |
| George Lott /  John Van Ryn | |
| Women's doubles | |
| Dorothy Shepherd-Barron /  Phyllis Mudford | |
| Mixed doubles | |
| George Lott /  Anna Harper | |
|  | |


title: The Rose Society

abstract: The Rose Society is a fantasy novel by American author Marie Lu released on October 13, 2015. It is the second book in The Young Elites trilogy, being preceded by The Young Elites. The story follows Adelina Amouteru as she embraces her notorious newfound identity as the "White Wolf" and undertakes to form a new 'society' to rival the Dagger Society, whose remaining members expelled her, and the anti-malfetto government.

text:
# The Rose Society

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Barnes & Noble |  |
| Goodreads |  |

***The Rose Society*** is a fantasy novel by American author Marie Lu released on October 13, 2015. It is the second book in *The Young Elites* trilogy, being preceded by The Young Elites. The story follows Adelina Amouteru as she embraces her notorious newfound identity as the "White Wolf" and undertakes to form a new 'society' to rival the Dagger Society, whose remaining members expelled her, and the anti-*malfetto* government.

## Background

Lu revealed in various interviews that she felt uncomfortable writing *The Rose Society* as it explored Adelina's more psychotic side, stating that she was scared that nobody would want to read a story with a character as "unlikeable" as Adelina, and she struggled to make it look reasonable and not just a symptom of pure insanity. She compared Adelina to Darth Vader stating that she initially thought it would be "fun to write from Darth Vader’s point-of-view", but eventually realized that she was instead exploring the darker, more complex sides of psychologically unstable villains.

## Plot

Adelina Amouteru has turned her back on the people she loves and has loved after they turned theirs to her, except for her sister, Violetta, the only person that prevents her from submitting to the darkness that threatens to consume her. Amouteru strives to form a new 'society' composing of only the strongest *malfettos*, which includes Magiano and a discarded Dagger. She calls it The Rose Society.

After gathering the Rose Society, Adelina manages to take control of Kenettra as the nation's new queen, with Teren imprisoned and the previous queen dead.

## Reception

The book peaked at number two on the New York Times Best Seller list.

## InfoBox

The Rose Society
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Marie Lu |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Fantasy, young adult |
| Published | October 13, 2015 |
| Publisher | G. P. Putnam's Sons |
| Publication place | United States |
| Pages | 395 |
| Preceded by | *The Young Elites* |
| Followed by | *The Midnight Star* |


abstract: St. Andrew's Evangelical Lutheran Church Complex, also known as Deliverance Temple of God & Christ, is a historic Evangelical Lutheran church complex located at Buffalo in Erie County, New York. The complex consists of the original German Lutheran church structure constructed in 1859 and later remodeled into a school; the eclectic Gothic-Romanesque style church structure constructed in 1885; and the Queen Anne style parish house constructed in 1892. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

text:
# St. Andrew's Evangelical Lutheran Church Complex

**St. Andrew's Evangelical Lutheran Church Complex**, also known as Deliverance Temple of God & Christ, is a historic Evangelical Lutheran church complex located at Buffalo in Erie County, New York. The complex consists of the original German Lutheran church structure constructed in 1859 and later remodeled into a school; the eclectic Gothic-Romanesque style church structure constructed in 1885; and the Queen Anne style parish house constructed in 1892.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| St. Andrew's Evangelical Lutheran Church Complex | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| St. Andrew's Evangelical Lutheran Church, December 2009 | |
|  | |
| Location | Sherman and Peckham Sts., Buffalo, New York |
| Coordinates | 42°53′17″N 78°50′48″W / 42.88806°N 78.84667°W / 42.88806; -78.84667 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1859 |
| Architect | Schaefer, Henrich; Saenger, Louis |
| Architectural style | Gothic, Queen Anne, Romanesque |
| NRHP reference No. | 83001674 |
| Added to NRHP | September 08, 1983 |


title: Nemeš

abstract: Nikola Nemešević, better known by his stage name Nemeš, is a Serbian singer-songwriter and media personality.

text:
# Nemeš

**Nikola Nemešević** (Serbian Cyrillic: Никола Немешевић; born 18 November 1988), better known by his stage name **Nemeš** (Serbian Cyrillic: Немеш), is a Serbian singer-songwriter and media personality.

## Biography

### Personal life

Nemeš was born in Požarevac, Serbia to father Vojislav and mother Nada. He became known to wider audience in Balkans as the contestant of Big Brother.

## Career

### Early beginnings

Nemeš started playing piano and keyboards with several bands while he was still in high school. One of the bands he continued working with is a pop-rock band called Bad Choice.

### Classical education and opera

After graduating music high school in Požarevac, he enrolled in the University of Arts in Belgrade where he studied and graduated in Opera singing. His singing professors were primadona Radmila Smiljanić and Nikola Mijailović (singer). He took part in several international opera festivals, including Oper Oder-Spree in Beeskow, Germany and International Summer Music School Pučišća, Croatia.

### 2011: Znam taj smešak

In 2011. Nemeš released his first single called "Znam taj smešak". In less than a month, due to his participation in Big Brother and media exposure, the song gained over 3 million YouTube views.

### Current bands

He is currently performing with his band called Tregeri. Their repertoire is based on evergreen, jazz and swing music.

### Collaborations

In 2011. he worked with DJ/Producer Ivan Schwartz on a remake version of "Apsolutno Tvoj", song originally sung by band "Mirzino Jato".

In 2014. he wrote and recorded a cheering anthem called "Idemo BRE", written for National Basketball Team of Serbia in collaboration with Marko Kon.

## Media and TV

### Dancing With the Stars

In 2014. Nemeš was one of participants in Serbian version of Dancing With the Stars. He remained in the competition for 5 weeks.

### Men's Health

In 2010. he was featured on the cover of Men's health magazine, after he won the Men's health fitness challenge.

### Radio

In 2017. he started working on the TDI Radio Belgrade

## InfoBox

| NemešНемеш | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Nikola Nemešević |
| Born | (1988-11-18) 18 November 1988<br>Požarevac, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia |
| Origin | Požarevac, Serbia |
| Genres | Adult contemporary music |
| Occupation | Singer-songwriter |
| Years active | 2010–present |
|  | |
| Website | http://www.nemesh.org |


title: Wandsworth Formation

abstract: The Wandsworth Formation is a formation cropping out in Newfoundland.

text:
# Wandsworth Formation

The **Wandsworth Formation** is a formation cropping out in Newfoundland.

## InfoBox

| Wandsworth Formation | |
| --- | --- |
|
Stratigraphic range: | |
| Type | Formation |
| Unit of | Burin Group |
| Lithology | |
| Primary | Igneous (plutonic) |
| Location | |
| Region | Newfoundland |
| Country | Canada |
|
Occurrence of the Wandsworth Formation in southeastern Newfoundland | |


title: 1917 Macquarie state by-election

abstract: The 1917 Macquarie state by-election was held for the New South Wales state electoral district of Macquarie on 28 July 1917. The by-election was triggered by the death of Australian Labor Party MP Thomas Thrower, who had died only three months after being re-elected at the 1917 state election. Labor preselected as their candidate Patrick McGirr, a member of the Parkes Land Board and the brother of Greg McGirr, the state member for Yass. McGirr was selected overwhelmingly from a broad field that included Iron Trades Federation secretary E. M. Davies, Amalgamated Railway and Tramway Association assistant secretary R. Corish, radical Sydney Wharf Laborers' Union president William McCristal and unsuccessful federal or state election candidates T. Lavelle, I. A. Vitnell, Tom Brown and W. J. Boston. The preselection process for the new conservative Nationalist Party was somewhat chaotic, with different meetings of local interests and organisations that had come together to form the new party recommending different candidates to the state executive. The eventual executive decision largely came down to two candidates: Wellington miller Murdoch McLeod and Dubbo businessman H. T. Blackett, but also saw some support for former federal MP Ernest Carr, who had lost his seat at that year's election, with McLeod ultimately endorsed as the candidate. A third candidate, former federal MP Frank Foster, is often recorded as having contested as an independent or "Independent Nationalist", but campaigned for his own new minor party, the Australian Producers Co-Operative Party. Foster had been a Labor MP until losing his seat in 1913 and had left the party in the 1916 Labor split, but had not joined the Nationalist Party and had instead sought to form his own party taking a middle position between the two parties. McGirr won the by-election, finishing 239 votes ahead of McLeod with Foster a distant third, an increase on the Labor majority from the general election. McGirr was reported to have polled well in the larger centres while McLeod had performed better in the rural booths. The pro-Labor National Advocate newspaper in Bathurst described the result as a "magnificent success" that showed that the party was recovering from "the defection of the renegades" in the 1916 party split; they also noted that the result in the usually marginal seat was "the greatest for over nine years" and suggested the margin would have been larger had it not been for Foster's candidacy. The more conservative Evening News in Sydney downplayed the result, stating "the two parties simply maintained their respective positions: no advantage has been gained by either side", but drew attention to the Nationalist failure to win the seat despite dedicating tremendous resources, stating "the eloquence of nearly every Minister in the New South Wales Government was released upon the electors of Macquarie, but it fell short of success. This needs some explanation."

text:
# 1917 Macquarie state by-election

The **1917 Macquarie state by-election** was held for the New South Wales state electoral district of Macquarie on 28 July 1917. The by-election was triggered by the death of Australian Labor Party MP Thomas Thrower, who had died only three months after being re-elected at the 1917 state election.

Labor preselected as their candidate Patrick McGirr, a member of the Parkes Land Board and the brother of Greg McGirr, the state member for Yass. McGirr was selected overwhelmingly from a broad field that included Iron Trades Federation secretary E. M. Davies, Amalgamated Railway and Tramway Association assistant secretary R. Corish, radical Sydney Wharf Laborers' Union president William McCristal and unsuccessful federal or state election candidates T. Lavelle, I. A. Vitnell, Tom Brown and W. J. Boston.

The preselection process for the new conservative Nationalist Party was somewhat chaotic, with different meetings of local interests and organisations that had come together to form the new party recommending different candidates to the state executive. The eventual executive decision largely came down to two candidates: Wellington miller Murdoch McLeod and Dubbo businessman H. T. Blackett, but also saw some support for former federal MP Ernest Carr, who had lost his seat at that year's election, with McLeod ultimately endorsed as the candidate.

A third candidate, former federal MP Frank Foster, is often recorded as having contested as an independent or "Independent Nationalist", but campaigned for his own new minor party, the Australian Producers Co-Operative Party. Foster had been a Labor MP until losing his seat in 1913 and had left the party in the 1916 Labor split, but had not joined the Nationalist Party and had instead sought to form his own party taking a middle position between the two parties.

McGirr won the by-election, finishing 239 votes ahead of McLeod with Foster a distant third, an increase on the Labor majority from the general election. McGirr was reported to have polled well in the larger centres while McLeod had performed better in the rural booths. The pro-Labor *National Advocate* newspaper in Bathurst described the result as a "magnificent success" that showed that the party was recovering from "the defection of the renegades" in the 1916 party split; they also noted that the result in the usually marginal seat was "the greatest for over nine years" and suggested the margin would have been larger had it not been for Foster's candidacy. The more conservative *Evening News* in Sydney downplayed the result, stating "the two parties simply maintained their respective positions: no advantage has been gained by either side", but drew attention to the Nationalist failure to win the seat despite dedicating tremendous resources, stating "the eloquence of nearly every Minister in the New South Wales Government was released upon the electors of Macquarie, but it fell short of success. This needs some explanation."

## Dates

| Date | Event |
| --- | --- |
| 21 June 1917 | Death of Thomas Thrower. |
| 30 June 1917 | Writ of election issued by the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly. |
| 9 July 1917 | Nominations |
| 28 July 1917 | Polling day |
| 11 August 1917 | Return of writ |

## Results

**1917 Macquarie by-election**
Saturday 28 July
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Labor | Patrick McGirr | 3,521 | 50.8 | -0.1 |
|  | Nationalist | Murdock McLeod | 3,232 | 46.6 | -2.6 |
|  | Australian Producers Co-Operative Party | Frank Foster | 182 | 2.6 |  |
| Total formal votes | | | 6,935 | 99.5 | +0.5 |
| Informal votes | | | 34 | 0.5 | −0.5 |
| Turnout | | | 6,969 | 65.1 | −7.3 |
|  | Labor **hold** | | **Swing** | N/A |  |

1. Green, Antony. "1917 Macquarie by-election". *New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 13 December 2019.
2. "Mr Thomas Henry Thrower (1870-1917)". *Former members of the Parliament of New South Wales*. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
3. "Macquarie by-election". *The Australian Worker*. 12 July 1917. p. 11. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
4. "Labor's nominee". *Dubbo Dispatch and Wellington Independent*. 3 July 1917. p. 1. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
5. "Macquarie electorate council". *Co-operator*. 2 August 1917. p. 7. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
6. "13 Nationalists offering". *The Sunday Times*. 1 July 1917. p. 2. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
7. "Macquarie by-election". *Wellington Times*. 9 July 1917. p. 2. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
8. "Macquarie by-election". *The Sydney Morning Herald*. 6 July 1917. p. 8. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
9. "MMacquarie by-election". *The Daily Telegraph*. 25 June 1917. p. 4. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
10. "Macquarie National Convention". *The Dubbo Liberal and Macquarie Advocate*. 3 July 1917. p. 2. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
11. "Mr. H. T. Blackett". *The Scrutineer and Berrima District Press*. 4 February 1928. p. 2. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
12. "Macquarie Bye-Election". *Dubbo Dispatch and Wellington Independent*. 3 July 1917. p. 2. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
13. "Macquarie by-election". *Wellington Times*. 25 June 1917. p. 2. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
14. "New South Wales politics". *The Argus*. Victoria, Australia. 30 July 1917. p. 6. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
15. "The Macquarie election". *National Advocate*. 30 July 1917. p. 2. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
16. "The Macquarie election". *Evening News*. 30 July 1917. p. 4. Retrieved 16 December 2019  via Trove.
17. "Writ of election: Macquarie". *New South Wales Government Gazette*. No. 97. 30 June 1917. p. 3339. Retrieved 13 December 2019  via Trove.
18. Green, Antony. "1917 Macquarie". *New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007*. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 3 May 2020.


title: Linbian

abstract: Rinhen Linbian Township is a rural township in western Pingtung County, Taiwan. It lies at the mouth of the Linbian River, facing the Taiwan Strait. It is known for its year-round warm climate, seafood restaurants and its wax apples (lembus).

text:
# Linbian

22°26′N 120°31′E / 22.433°N 120.517°E / 22.433; 120.517

**Linbian Township** (Chinese: 林邊鄉; pinyin: *Línbiān Xiāng*; Wade–Giles: *Lin2-pian1 Hsiang1*; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: *Nâ-piⁿ-hiong *or* Nâ-á-piⁿ* \[林仔邊\]; Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: *Lìm-piên-hiông*) is a rural township in western Pingtung County, Taiwan. It lies at the mouth of the Linbian River, facing the Taiwan Strait. It is known for its year-round warm climate, seafood restaurants and its wax apples (lembus).

## Names

The area was called **Pangsoya** or **Pangsoia** during the Dutch era, and was later a small town called **Pang-soh** (Chinese: 放索; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: *Pàng-soh*). Early ethnic Chinese settlers called the area ***Nâ-á-piⁿ*** (林仔邊, lit. "wood's edge"). In 1920, the Japanese administration renamed the settlement ***Rinhen*** (Japanese: 林邊), officially **Rinhen Village** (林邊庄). In 1945, the Kuomintang regime retained the same Chinese characters which are read as *Línbiān* in Mandarin Chinese. However, the older Taiwanese pronunciation of *Nâ-á-piⁿ* continues to be commonly used.

## History

In 1951, Nanzhou Township was separated from Linbian.

## Geography

* Area: 15.62 square kilometres (6.03 sq mi)
* Population: 16,382 people (February 2024)

### Climate

Like the rest of Southern Taiwan, Linbian is located within the tropics and has a tropical wet and dry climate. Due to its location, it is considered to be one of the warmest townships of Taiwan having the smallest temperature variations between seasons in the country (along with other various townships in Pingtung) because it is both located at a low latitude on the central Pingtung plains and also just above the Hengchun Peninsula which therefore does not share the peninsula's temperate climate caused by its sea currents. The coldest month is January and the warmest month is July, with an average daily mean of 21°C (70°F) and 28°C (82°F) respectively. Although statistically the average highs during "winter" varies around 26°C (79°F), temperatures exceeding 29°C (84°F) during the afternoon are not uncommon even in January.

Due to the warm and mostly windless weather, Linbian is famous for growing some of the best wax apples (lembus) in Taiwan, with one of the longest harvest seasons in the country, therefore it is nicknamed "the wax apple township" (蓮霧之鄉).

| Climate data for Central Pingtung (Fangliao Township) (1981–2010) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 25.5
(77.9) | 26.1
(79.0) | 28.1
(82.6) | 30.5
(86.9) | 31.8
(89.2) | 32.6
(90.7) | 33.3
(91.9) | 33.0
(91.4) | 32.5
(90.5) | 31.1
(88.0) | 29.0
(84.2) | 26.5
(79.7) | 30.0
(86.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 16.1
(61.0) | 17.1
(62.8) | 19.5
(67.1) | 22.6
(72.7) | 24.9
(76.8) | 26.0
(78.8) | 26.5
(79.7) | 26.2
(79.2) | 25.6
(78.1) | 24.2
(75.6) | 21.3
(70.3) | 17.5
(63.5) | 22.3
(72.1) |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Administrative divisions

The township comprises 10 villages: Guanglin, Linbian, Qifeng, Renhe, Shuili, Tiancuo, Yongle, Zengan, Zhonglin and Zhulin.

## Tourist attractions

## Transportation

## Notable natives

## InfoBox

| Linbian Township
林邊鄉 | |
| --- | --- |
| Rural township | |
|  | |
| Linbian Township in Pingtung County | |
| Location | Pingtung County, Taiwan |
| Area | |
| Total | 16 km2 (6 sq mi) |
| Population (February 2024) | |
| Total | 16,382 |
| Density | 1,000/km2 (2,700/sq mi) |


title: Nudimension

abstract: Nudimension were a francophone French Canadian new wave/synthpop band from Montréal, Canada who were active between 1982 and 1989. The band were composed of lead singer/composer Louie Louie, non musician Marc Fontaine and - for a period - vocalist Anne Marie Cyr. They are best known for their 1983 single “Amour Programmé”. The band achieved moderate success in the French-speaking regions of Canada and Europe releasing 5 singles and achieving regular radio play. The band also appeared on a number of North American TV stations during the early 1980s at the genesis of synthpop and music video. Principally recording in their native French language, they achieved crossover success in Anglophone Canada and Europe often recording English versions of their original songs. Although they ceased recording in the early 1990s, an album of greatest hits was released retrospectively in 2009 on the Musi-Video label.

text:
# Nudimension

**Nudimension** were a francophone French Canadian new wave/synthpop band from Montréal, Canada who were active between 1982 and 1989. The band were composed of lead singer/composer Louie Louie (real name Louis Rondeau), non musician Marc Fontaine and - for a period - vocalist Anne Marie Cyr. They are best known for their 1983 single “Amour Programmé”.

The band achieved moderate success in the French-speaking regions of Canada and Europe releasing 5 singles and achieving regular radio play. The band also appeared on a number of North American TV stations during the early 1980s at the genesis of synthpop and music video.

Principally recording in their native French language, they achieved crossover success in Anglophone Canada and Europe often recording English versions of their original songs.

Although they ceased recording in the early 1990s, an album of greatest hits was released retrospectively in 2009 on the Musi-Video label.

## History

Louis Rondeau (known by his stage name "Louie Louie") was originally a drummer and vocalist in 1970s punk band The 222s. In early 1981, the 222s were wound up by the original members. Rondeau states that as a result of that, he wanted to "explore new dimensions in music, and (the emerging genre of) electro would allow him to do that". He teamed up with the 222s assistant manager Marc Fontaine and on 16 June 1982, formed the studio group Nudimension, taking the band's name from his original music concept.

Fontaine's father was owner of the Studio Fontaine in Montreal (today known as Lamajeure); therefore access to professional recording equipment was easy for them. Together as Nudimension, Rondeau and Fontaine released a number of francophone singles and made regular appearances on the late night (and sometimes risqué) Montreal TV show *Musi-Video* in 1982. It was during recording for the *Musi-Video* show that they met TV presenter Anne Marie Cyr.

Cyr would then become their most prominent female vocalist, appearing on a number of their singles; although a regular contributor, she was never a full member of the band. The release of the single “Amour Programmé” became their breakthrough single, becoming their biggest hit charting in the top 20 in the francophone Canadian charts and also achieving their first sales in Europe. It enabled them to graduate from the late night *Musi-Video* show to primetime TV. In late 1983, Rondeau and Cyr played the track to open Canada's Quebec based TV Saturday night *Donald Lautrec Show*. While it was also featured on heavy rotation on French radio stations in Canada. The follow-up single “Obsession” likewise did well, although "Planête Sauvage" (English): "*Wild Planet*") and "Big Boy" failed to equal that success.

A marketing advantage that Nudimension had at the time, was that Fontaine had previously studied film in Los Angeles and would produce the band's own rudimentary music videos. His role in the band was similar to that of the Human League's Philip Adrian Wright being largely visual and not musical. In 1983, in the infancy of music television, having a music video to accompany a release was unusual for all but the biggest bands with major label funding and helped Nudimension acquire prominence.

Cyr stopped working with the band after 1985, Patrick Bourgeois went on to form Les BBs in Montreal but Rondeau and Fontaine continued into the early 1990s. The start of the end for Nudimension was when their business manager Ben Kaye left to work with (then) emerging French Canadian singer Celine Dion. Despite the release of the single “I Need Your Loving” (which did not chart) in 1989, Rondeau felt there was a certain breakdown of inspiration, frustration and professional stagnation. Although not a formal split, Nudimension did not continue after 1990.

## Revival

Some 20 years after the band's disbandment, and with the synthpop genre receiving a general revival, emboldened an interest in the band's back catalogue. Fontaine started an official YouTube channel to show the band's old music videos. It was easier to obtain from the various TV stations and publish the music video clips of performances that the band produced in the early 1980s, than to publish recorded music as at the time the whereabouts of master tapes from the long defunct record labels were not known.

However, in 2009, Fontaine tracked them down and produced *The Best of Nudimension* as a greatest hits album. It was the band's first album, released 26 years after their first single.

Also in 2009, Fontaine and Rondeau were interviewed on QBR about the band's history.

## Personnel

* Louie Louie (Louis Rondeau) – lead vocals, keyboards, drums
* Marc Fontaine
* Anne Marie Cyr – vocals

### Additional musicians

* Francois Laberge - keyboards
* Patrick Bourgeois - electric guitar (later of Les B.B.)
* Laurie Ann Gill - vocals
* Marla – vocals

## Discography

### Albums

### Singles

* "Amour Programmé" (1983) (Illusion Records (Canada)
* "Obsession" (1983) (Saisons)
* "Big Boy" (1984) (Saisons)
* "Planête Sauvage" (1986)

## InfoBox

| Nudimension | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Montréal, Canada |
| Genres | Synthpop, new wave |
| Years active | 1982–1989 |
| Labels | Musi-Video Records, illusion (Canada), Saisons (Canada) |
|  | |
| Past members |  |


title: The Rasslin' Match

abstract: The Rasslin' Match is a 1934 animated short film based off of the popular Amos 'n' Andy radio series. It was produced by the Van Beuren Studios and directed by Vernon Stallings and starring Charles J. Correll and Freeman F. Gosden as the voices of their popular radio characters, Amos and Andy.

text:
# The Rasslin' Match

***The Rasslin' Match*** is a 1934 animated short film based off of the popular *Amos 'n' Andy* radio series. It was produced by the Van Beuren Studios and directed by Vernon Stallings and starring Charles J. Correll and Freeman F. Gosden as the voices of their popular radio characters, Amos and Andy.

## Story

Amos walks into the Fresh Air taxi cab company where Andy is asleep. Woken up, Andy pretends to be working. In walks Kingfish who has a big deal: for Andy to wrestle Bullneck Mooseface for the Championship of the World. Andy immediately agrees, despite Amos trying to dissuade him. In the gym, Kingfish introduces Andy to his trainer, Brother Hercules, a small man who seems to be as strong as his namesake as he effortlessly tosses Andy around.

Hercules tells Andy that Bullneck's weak spot in his head as he beats Andy up in the ring. Andy is put on shadow boxing, and predictably gets the worst of it. Then road work, following a car, bumping into it twice and falling into a mud puddle. They reach Bullneck's training camp and see the big man effortlessly beating up his opponents. Andy finally realizes what he has let himself into as he sweats, swallows, and turns white with fear before fainting.

On the day of the big fight, Kingfish appeals to Andy's greed by telling him that when he wins he is going to get a solid gold belt full of diamonds. Amos turns up with a wreath, which Kingfish has said should be hung around Andy's neck when he wins the match. The crowd (all black people) cheers as the Champion arrives. He takes off his robe to reveal his muscular frame. Andy takes off his robe to reveal a mass of blubber. He keeps on his bowler and smokes his cigar throughout the fight. The crowd boos him.

The opponents feel each other out. Andy decides to get out of the ring but Amos knocks him back in again with a broom. Andy does his best to stay out of the angry Mooseface's way as the Champion's homely face morphs into a real moose's face. Mooseface falls over and at Amos's shout, Andy jumps on him. The crowd cheers as they roll around the ring.

They separate and Andy tries to avoid Mooseface who on his third attempt grabs Andy and starts bouncing him off of the ropes around the ring, like Andy is a ball. For a change, instead of using his hand to knock Andy to the ropes, Mooseface headbutts him there instead. Amos sees the solution and shouts for Andy to take off his hat. Andy does and their heads collide as the ropes toss Andy back to Mooseface, knocking Mooseface flat on his back. He is knocked out and Andy, also knocked out, falls across him and is declared the winner by the referee. The wreath, which now bears the word "SUCCESS", is put around the unconscious Andy's neck as the crowd cheers.

## Reception

*The Film Daily* (Jan 9, 1934): "This cartoon brings a new technique to the screen insofar as the actual voices of Amos and Andy have been synchronized with the drawn characters. It has been fairly well accomplished and should prove a good laugh number, especially for the followers of the two radio comedians."

*Selected Motion Pictures* (Feb 1, 1934): "An Amos 'n' Andy cartoon-voice combination in which the voices of the comedians are synchronized with a cartoon of one of their radio episodes. Amusing and the new technique is interesting."


title: Olba, Aragon

abstract: Olba is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2005 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 233 inhabitants. The fashion designer Manuel Pertegaz, considered Spain's leading couturier during the 1960s, was born in Olba in 1917.

text:
# Olba, Aragon

**Olba** is a municipality located in the province of Teruel, Aragon, Spain. According to the 2005 census (INE), the municipality had a population of 233 inhabitants.

The fashion designer Manuel Pertegaz, considered Spain's leading couturier during the 1960s, was born in Olba in 1917.

## InfoBox

| Olba, Spain | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Coordinates: 40°08′N 0°37′W / 40.133°N 0.617°W / 40.133; -0.617 | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Aragon |
| Province | Teruel |
| Municipality | Olba |
| Area | |
| Total | 20.99 km2 (8.10 sq mi) |
| Population (2018) | |
| Total | 226 |
| Density | 11/km2 (28/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: St. John's Church, Kolkata

abstract: St. John's Church, originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the East India Company after Kolkata (Calcutta) became the effective capital of British India. It is located at the North-Western corner of Raj Bhavan, and served as the Anglican Cathedral of Calcutta till 1847, when the see was transferred to St. Paul's Cathedral. Construction of the building, modelled on St Martin-in-the-Fields of London, started in 1784, with Rs 30,000 raised through a public lottery, and was completed in 1787. The land the church stands on was gifted by Maharaja Nabo Kishen Bahadur of Sobhabazar. It is the third oldest church in the city, next to the Armenian Church of the Holy Nazareth and the Old Mission Church.

text:
# St. John's Church, Kolkata

**St. John's Church**, originally a cathedral, was among the first public buildings erected by the East India Company after Kolkata (Calcutta) became the effective capital of British India. It is located at the North-Western corner of Raj Bhavan, and served as the Anglican Cathedral of Calcutta till 1847, when the see was transferred to St. Paul's Cathedral. Construction of the building, modelled on St Martin-in-the-Fields of London, started in 1784, with Rs 30,000 raised through a public lottery, and was completed in 1787. The land the church stands on was gifted by Maharaja Nabo Kishen Bahadur of Sobhabazar. It is the third oldest church in the city, next to the Armenian Church of the Holy Nazareth and the Old Mission Church.

## History and architecture

The land for the St. John's Church was donated by the Maharaja Nabo Kishen Bahadur, the founder of the Shovabazar Raj Family. The foundation stone was laid by Warren Hastings, the Governor General of India on 6 April 1784. Two marble plaques at the entrance mark the two historic events.

Built by architect James Agg, the St John's church is built with a combination of brick and stone and was commonly known as the "Pathure Girja" (Stone Church). Stone was a rare material in the late 18th century Kolkata. The stones came from the medieval ruins of Gour, and were shipped down the Hooghly River. The minutes book in the church office tell in detail the story of how the ruins of Gaur were robbed to build St John's church.

The church is a large square structure in the Neoclassical architectural style. A stone spire 174 ft tall is its most distinctive feature. The spire holds a giant clock, which is wound every day.

One of the driving forces behind the construction of the cathedral was Chaplain William Johnson, the husband of Begum Johnson."Chapter 7". *Calcutta: Past and Present*  via Wikisource.

## Interior

Tall columns frame the church building on all sides and the entrance is through a stately portico. The floor is a rare hue of blue-grey marble, brought from Gaur. Large windows allow the sunlight to filter through the coloured glass.

The main altar is of a simple design. Behind the altar is a semi-circular dome and the floor is of dark blue, almost black, stone. To the left of the altar hangs a painting of The Last Supper by the British artist of German origin, Johann Zoffany. On the right is a beautiful stained glass window.

The walls of the church contain memorial tablets, statues and plaques, mostly of British army officers and civil servants.

The pipe organ was installed in the early nineteenth century and remains the grandest in Calcutta. It was manufactured by William Hill & Son & Norman & Beard Ltd. in England. This company was famous for manufacturing of pipe organs for movie theaters in the silent era.

### Memorial of James Achilles Kirkpatrick

James Achilles Kirkpatrick, popularly known as the White Mughal was the central character of William Dalrymple best selling work of history White Mughals died in Calcutta on 15 October 1805 at the age of 41. He was buried at the North Park Street Cemetery, but neither his grave nor the cemetery exists today.

James Achilles Kirkpatrick's father James Kirkpatrick, popularly known as the Handsome Colonel, along with his brothers erected a memorial in memory of James Achilles Kirkpatrick on the southern wall of the St. John's Church. The overblown and oddly inappropriate epitaph, erected still stands to this day.

### Memorial of James Pattle

The memorial of James Pattle, the great-great-grandfather of William Dalrymple is also located on the south walls of St. John's Church.

According to Dalrymple:

> Seven generations of my family were born in Calcutta, there are three Dalrymples sitting inside St John's graveyard. And a great-great-grandfather's plaque is on the St John's Church wall, James Pattle.
>
> James Pattle was known as the greatest liar in India. A man supposed to be so wicked that the Devil wouldn't let him leave India after he died. Pattle left instructions that when he died, his body should be shipped back to Britain. So, after his demise (in 1845) they pickled the body in rum, as was the way of transporting bodies back then. The coffin was placed in the cabin of Pattle's wife and the ship set sail from Garden Reach. In the middle of the night, the corpse broke through the coffin and sat up. The wife had a heart attack and died.
>
> Now both bodies had to be preserved in rum. But the casks reeked of alcohol and the sailors bored holes through the sides of the coffins and drank the rum… and, of course, got drunk and the ship hit a sandbank and the whole thing exploded, cremating Pattle and his wife in the middle of the Hooghly! That's why you see a plaque on the wall and not a grave in the graveyard of my great-great-grandfather.

### Johann Zoffany's Last Supper

On the walls of the St. John's Church hangs a painting modeled after Leonardo da Vinci's painting The Last Supper. Painted by Johann Zoffany for the inauguration of the church as the new Cathedral, the painting is not, however, an exact replica of Leonardo's masterpiece.

The top left-hand corner of the painting shows a sword, which represents a common peon's tulwar. A water ewer standing near the table is a copy of Hindustani spittoon and next to it lies a water-filled bhisti bag (a goatskin bag used for storing water).

The most unusual feature of Zoffany's Last Supper lies in the selection of models used to represent Jesus and his twelve disciples. Jesus was portrayed as the Greek priest Father Constantinos Parthenios. while John is represented by W.C. Blacquiere, the police magistrate of Calcutta during the 1780s, in a female form. Judas was portrayed as the auctioneer William Tulloh In short, these are all people of power at the time, including people from the East India Trading Company.

Zoffany's Last Supper has been restored as the result of a co-operation between the INTACH Art Conservation Centre and the Goethe Institut, both of Calcutta. They sponsored the German painting conservator Renate Kant (based in Singapore) to supervise the restoration and train the restorers of the INTACH Centre. The restoration of Zoffany's Last Supper was completed on 3 July 2010.

## Compound

The St John's Church was constructed on an old graveyard, so the compound houses a number of tombs and memorials, but only a few dates back to the date of construction of the church. The compound also serves as a parking lot for the nearby offices.

### Job Charnock's Mausoleum

On 24 August 1690 an ambitious trader, Job Charnock, of the British East India Company landed in the village of Sutanuti (present day North Calcutta) never to return. Although Charnock died two years later, but he combined the three villages of Sutanuti, Govindopur & Kolikata to form the city of Calcutta.

The octagonal Moorish style tomb was erected by Charnock's son in law Charles Ayer. Built of stones brought all the way from Pallavaram near Chennai, which later came out to be known as Charnockite.

The grave also contains the body of Charnock's wife and several other people, including the famous surgeon William Hamilton

The Epitaph of Charnok's grave is in Latin. The English translation is: "In the hands of God Almighty, Job Charnock, English knight and recently the most worthy agent of the English in this Kingdom of Bengal, left his mortal remains under this marble so that he might sleep in the hope of a blessed resurrection at the coming of Christ the Judge. After he had journeyed onto foreign soil he returned after a little while to his eternal home on the 10th day of January 1692. By his side lies Mary, first-born daughter of Job, and dearest wife of Charles Eyre, the English prefect in these parts. She died on 19 February AD 1696–7."

### Black Hole of Calcutta Monument

For some, the Black Hole of Calcutta event is a controversial part of Indian history; for others it was an atrocity that befell its victims. According to one British survivor (John Holwell), during the siege of Calcutta Siraj – ud – Daulah took 146 prisoners and confined them in a room measuring 14 feet by 8 feet and locked them up overnight. Only 23 survived: the remaining 123 perished of suffocation and heat stroke.

John Holwell later became the Governor of Bengal and went on to build a memorial at the site of the Black Hole (present day GPO). However, some historians have objected to Holwell's account, claiming that the British escaped through a secret tunnel to the banks of the Hooghly, from where they were carried to Madras by an awaiting ship. One such historian, R. C. Majumdar, claims without evidence to support his assertion that the "Holwell story is completely baseless and can not be considered reliable historical information." In this regard, although it is possible that Holwell exaggerated the number of persons who were confined and died, his account was an eye-witness version of the events that befell the hapless victims and therefore represents direct evidence of the atrocity itself.

The story of the Black Hole Monument is no less interesting. Holwell erected a monument at the site of the Black Hole tragedy but it disappeared in 1822 to be rebuilt by Curzon in 1901 at the SouthWest corner of the Writers' Building. During the height of the Indian independence movement in 1940, the British removed the monument to its present location at the compound of St. John's Church.

### Second Rohilla War Memorial

First and Second Rohilla War (1772–74) was fought between the Rohillas and the Nawab of Oudh, with the British backing the later. Rohillas are a branch of the Pashtun tribe of the Pakistan and Afghanistan border. Some of the Rohillas settled in the Oudah region and soon a conflict began between the Rohillas and the Nawab of Oudh, Shuja – ud – Daula. This resulted in Rohilla War.

The British backed the Nawab of Oudh and in January 1774 the Rohilla chief Hafez Ruhmet was killed resulting in the defeat of the Rohillas. A treaty in October 1774 brought the dispute to a close. With their power somewhat restricted the Rohillas continued to live in their territory of Rohilkhand, which still exists in the state of Uttar Pradesh.

The Rohilla Memorial at the St. John's Church compound consists of a circular dome supported by 12 pillars. The memorial contains a plaque with the names of several British Military Officers, killed in the Rohilla War.

### Charlotte Canning, Countess Canning Memorial

Charlotte Canning (1817–1861) was the wife of Charles Canning the Governor General and Viceroy of India. She died of malaria and was buried in Barrackpore (Barrackpurthe)a memorial was also constructed in the St. John's Church graveyard.

Lady Canning's name has been immortalised by the famous sweet maker Bhim Nag, who specially designed the sweet Pantua in her honour and named it Ladykeni.

Lady Canning's elaborately decorated memorial lies on the Northern corridor of the St. John's Church.

### Frances (Begum) Johnson's grave

Located at the far end of the St. John's Church complex and next to Job Chranok's tomb lies the circular temple-like tomb of Frances Johnson (1725–1812). The grave stone inside the grave is no less interesting than the grave itself.

Frances Johnson (popularly known as Begum Johnson), the grand old lady of Calcutta, lived up to an age of 89 and married four times. The epitaph makes an interesting reading, as its describes her entire life, with details of her four husbands and their respective children.

Frances Johnson was also the grandmother of Robert Jenkinson, the second Earl of Liverpool, the latter who was the British prime minister for fifteen years from 1812 to 1827.

22°34′12″N 88°20′47″E / 22.569911°N 88.346297°E / 22.569911; 88.346297

## InfoBox

| St. John's Church, Kolkata | |
| --- | --- |
| St. John's Church, Kolkata | |
|  | |
| Location | 2/2, Council House St, opp. Dewars Garage, Lal Dighi, B.B.D. Bagh, Kolkata, West Bengal 700001 |
| Country | India |
| Website | stjohnschurchcnikolkata.org |
| History | |
| Former name(s) | St. John's Cathedral, Calcutta |
| Architecture | |
| Heritage designation | Protected Monument ASI |
| Architect(s) | James Agg |
| Years built | 1787 |
| Specifications | |
| Length | 180m |
| Width | 120m |


title: Nebria

abstract: Nebria is a genus of ground beetles native to the Palearctic, the Near East and North Africa. There are more than 500 described species in Nebria.

text:
# Nebria

***Nebria*** is a genus of ground beetles native to the Palearctic, the Near East and North Africa. There are more than 500 described species in *Nebria*.

* *Nebria* at Fauna Europaea
* Media related to Nebria at Wikimedia Commons
* Data related to Nebria at Wikispecies

## InfoBox

| *Nebria* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Nebria brevicollis* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Carabidae |
| Subfamily: | Nebriinae |
| Tribe: | Nebriini |
| Genus: | *Nebria*<br>Latreille, 1802 |
|
| Diversity | |
| more than 500 species | |
| Synonyms | |
| *Archileistobrius* Shilenkov & Kryzhanovskij, 1983 | |


title: USS Pitkin County

abstract: USS Pitkin County (LST-1082) was an LST-542-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy during World War II. Named after Pitkin County, Colorado, she was the only U.S. Naval Vessel to bear the name. Originally laid down as LST-1082 on 18 November 1944 by the American Bridge Company of Ambridge, Pennsylvania. The ship was launched on 26 January 1945, sponsored by Mrs. Stephen Anzio; departed Ambridge on 26 January 1945 under a ferry crew which piloted her down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to the U.S. Naval Repair Base, Algiers, Louisiana; and commissioned at New Orleans on 7 February 1945.

text:
# USS Pitkin County

**USS *Pitkin County* (LST-1082)** was an *LST-542*-class tank landing ship built for the United States Navy during World War II. Named after Pitkin County, Colorado, she was the only U.S. Naval Vessel to bear the name.

Originally laid down as *LST-1082* on 18 November 1944 by the American Bridge Company of Ambridge, Pennsylvania. The ship was launched on 26 January 1945, sponsored by Mrs. Stephen Anzio; departed Ambridge on 26 January 1945 under a ferry crew which piloted her down the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to the U.S. Naval Repair Base, Algiers, Louisiana; and commissioned at New Orleans on 7 February 1945.

## World War II, 19451946

After shakedown to St. Andrews Bay, Florida, and alterations at Mobile, the new tank landing ship loaded pontoon barges at Gulfport, Mississippi, and departed on 24 March 1945 with 90 Navy passengers who were disembarked in the Panama Canal Zone. From there she proceeded to Pearl Harbor where she embarked marines bound for Guam, and sailed on 27 April entering Apra Harbor on 17 May. *LST–1082* departed Guam two days later and proceeded via Saipan for Okinawa. After weathering a typhoon on 5 June, she arrived Buckner Bay, Okinawa on 8 June and lay hidden under a smoke screen with her crew at general quarters during the many air alerts. *LST–1082* departed Naha, Okinawa, on 4 July, to return marines and their combat gear to Guam. She then returned via Saipan to Pearl Harbor on 5 August.

She was in floating drydock number 2, when news came of the end of hostilities with Japan on 15 August. Fourteen days later she stood out of Pearl Harbor with 210 Marines and their equipment bound for occupation duty in Japan, and reached Sasebo on 23 September. *LST–1082* departed Sasebo two days later for Subic Bay, Luzon, Philippine Islands, where she embarked elements of the Fifth Air Force. Following a brief stay in Lingayen Gulf, she departed San Fabian on 12 October to land the Army troops and their equipment at Wakayama, Japan arriving on 22 October. She sailed the following day for Manila, thence proceeded to the San Fabian Beach in Lingayen Gulf. There she embarked 185 officers and men of an Army aviation battalion and debarked these occupation troops in Sasebo, Japan, on 15 November.

*LST–1082* departed Sasebo on 23 November and steamed home via Saipan, and Pearl Harbor arriving at San Francisco on 16 January 1946. *LST–1082* decommissioned at Astoria, Oregon, on 5 August 1946, and entered the Pacific Reserve Fleet.

## Korean War, 19501955

The LST remained in reserve until recommissioned at Astoria on 6 September 1950. She fitted out in the Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, trained out of San Diego, and sailed on 19 December for Japan via Pearl Harbor and Midway Island. *LST–1082* arrived in Yokosuka on 23 January 1951 to begin support of United Nations Forces in Korea. She departed on 8 February with units of LST Division 13 bound to Urusan Wan, Korea. Here, she received vehicles and men of a United States Engineering Special Brigade for transport to Pusan, arriving on 13 February 1951. That afternoon she was outbound with American and Korean Army troops, and 387 South Korean laborers. These passengers and their equipment were debarked at Inchon on 15 February. The following weeks, she transported thousands of prisoners-of-war from Inchon to Koje Do Island for internment. *LST–1082* left Koje Do Island on 20 March for Kobe, Japan. Following repairs, she touched at Sasebo en route to Okinawa thence steamed to Kunsan, Korea to transfer combat cargo to shore from the attack cargo ship *Andromeda* (AKA-15). She returned to Okinawa on 4 May and sailed two days later with passengers and freight for Inchon. She put into Sasebo Harbor on 13 May 1951, for tactical exercises off the coast of Japan before departing from Yokosuka for home on 7 June. *LST–1082* arrived at San Diego from the Far East on 28 June for amphibious assault tactics and exercises before she returned to the Far East reaching Yokosuka on 7 April. She sailed for shuttle duty at Pusan, Korea, transferring Communist Chinese prisoners-of-war to Koje Do Island.

Returning to Yokosuka on 6 July, *LST–1082* carried out amphibious assault training with Army field artillery troops along the coast of Japan before transporting them to Pusan. She entered Pusan Harbor on 10 August to land vehicles and Army troops. She again called at Pusan, 20 to 23 September, transporting 105 prisoners-of-war in a shuttle trip to Koje Do Island. She spent the following weeks among ports of Japan and in Fleet exercises stretching along the coast of Korea to P’ohang Do. She departed Yokosuka on 22 November and returned to San Diego on 20 December.

She trained along the Southern California coast and was overhauled in the Mare Island Naval Shipyard until sailing on 19 October 1953 for the Far East. She touched at Pearl Harbor, then stopped briefly on 10 November to launch and recover a landing force at Taka Atoll in the Marshall Islands and arrived at Yokosuka on 23 November 1953. She spent much of the next eight months in Marine amphibious assault landing exercises that took her from the shores of Japan to the beaches of Okinawa, Iwo Jima, and Inchon. She departed from Yokosuka on 17 June 1954 and returned to San Diego on 19 July.

Named **USS *Pitkin County* (LST-1082)** on 1 July 1955, she operated on the West Coast until she decommissioned at San Diego on 1 September 1955 and entered the Pacific Reserve Fleet.

## Vietnam War, 19661971

*Pitkin County* recommissioned at Long Beach Naval Shipyard on 9 July 1966. The same day she became flagship for Landing Ship Squadron 3. After training through the summer, she sailed for South Vietnam and arrived Da Nang on 29 November. After debarking Marines, she began shuttle operations between Da Nang and Chu Lai until sailing for Guam on 21 December, arriving at Apra Harbor on 2 January 1967. On 26 January she got underway for a survey cruise taking her to the Marianas, Volcano Islands, Bonins, and Ryukyus. Arriving at Okinawa on 7 February, she loaded supplies and vehicles and sailed on the 10th for Chu Lai, arriving on the 14th. After unloading, she sailed via Da Nang for Hong Kong.

For the next three years, operating out of Guam, she alternated service in Vietnam, largely for Operation Market Time operations with visits to other Far Eastern ports. On Christmas Eve she sped to assist the merchant tug *Makah* ablaze in Vũng Tàu Harbor, and extinguished the fires saving the stricken and abandoned ship.

## Decommissioning and sale

*Pitkin County* was decommissioned on 1 September 1971, and struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 April 1975 and transferred to the Defense Reutilization and Marketing Service (DRMS) for disposal. *Pitkin County* was sold for scrapping by DRMS on 19 December 1975.

However, she was then sold to Max Rouse & Sons, Beverly Hills, California, and taken in hand by Marine Industries, Tacoma, Washington for conversion for commercial use. She was then sold on to Landing System Technology Pte. Ltd, Singapore in 1975 and renamed **LST-4**. She arrived at Piraeus, Greece having been acquired by Maritime & Commercial Co. Argonaftis S.A., Panama (Greek flag) and was renamed ***Petrola* 144**, on 6 June 1978. She arrived at the ship breakers at Gadani Beach, Pakistan for demolition, on 16 April 1988.

## Awards

*LST-1082* earned one battle star for World War II, four battle stars for the Korean War, and as *Pitkin County* ten campaign stars for the Vietnam War.

* *This article incorporates text from the public domain* Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships*. The entries can be found here and here.*
* "LST-1082 *Pitkin County*". *Amphibious Photo Archive*. Retrieved 28 June 2007.

## InfoBox

| *LST-1082*, with pontoons lashed to her side, at anchor opposite a small fishing village near Sasebo, Japan, 23 September 1945 | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | USS *LST-1082* |
| Builder | American Bridge Company, Ambridge, Pennsylvania |
| Laid down | 18 November 1944 |
| Launched | 26 January 1945 |
| Commissioned | 7 February 1945 |
| Decommissioned | 5 August 1946 |
| Recommissioned | 6 September 1950 |
| Decommissioned | 1 September 1955 |
| Renamed | USS *Pitkin County* (LST-1082), 1 July 1955 |
| Recommissioned | 9 July 1966 |
| Decommissioned | 1 September 1971 |
| Stricken | 1 April 1975 |
| Identification | IMO number: 7629908 |
| Honors and
awards |  |
| Fate | * Sold, 19 December 1975 * Scrapped, 1988 |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | *LST-542*-class tank landing ship |
| Displacement | * 1,625 long tons (1,651 t) light * 4,080 long tons (4,145 t) full |
| Length | 328 ft (100 m) |
| Beam | 50 ft (15 m) |
| Draft | * *Unloaded* : * 2 ft 4 in (0.71 m) forward * 7 ft 6 in (2.29 m) aft * *Loaded* : * 8 ft 2 in (2.49 m) forward * 14 ft 1 in (4.29 m) aft |
| Propulsion | 2 × General Motors 12-567 diesel engines, two shafts, twin rudders |
| Speed | 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph) |
| Boats & landing
craft carried | 2 × LCVPs |
| Troops | 16 officers, 147 enlisted men |
| Complement | 7 officers and 204 enlisted men |
| Armament |  |


title: Watchdog

abstract: Watchdog or watch dog may refer to:

text:
# Watchdog

**Watchdog** or **watch dog** may refer to:

## Animals

## Computing

* Watchdog timer, a device that detects faults and initiates corrective actions

## Public oversight

An individual or group that monitors the activities of another entity (such as an individual, corporation, non-profit group, or governmental organization) on behalf of the public to ensure that entity does not behave illegally or unethically:

## Books

* *Watchdog*, a novel by Laurien Berenson from her *Melanie Travis Mysteries* series
* *Watch Dogs: Dark Clouds*, a novel by John Shirley, based on the video game
* *The Watchdogs*, a book by Laird Wilcox about watchdog organization that monitor extremism in the US.

## Comics

## Music

## Film and television

## Video games

## Other uses

* Dog watch, a work shift in a maritime watch system that is half the length of a standard watch period


title: 1924 Winter Olympics medal table

abstract: The 1924 Winter Olympics, officially known as the I Olympic Winter Games, and known at the time as Semaine Internationale des Sports d'Hiver, was a winter multi-sport event held in Chamonix, France, from 25 January to 5 February 1924. Norway topped the table, collecting seventeen medals in total, including four gold, three of which were won by Thorleif Haug in the Nordic combined and cross-country skiing events. Norway also achieved two podium sweeps, winning all three medals in both the 50 km cross-country skiing and the Nordic combined. This remained a record at the Winter Olympics until 2014. When it was held, the games were not formally recognised as being the Olympics, but acknowledged that they were held under the "high patronage of the International Olympic Committee". Partly due to this, varying figures are reported for the number of participants. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) website suggests that 258 athletes from 16 nations participated in 16 events across 9 sports. In contrast, the Sports-Reference website lists 313 participants from 19 countries. Bill Mallon, a prominent Olympic Games historian, quotes a figure of 291 competitors in his Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement. Meanwhile, the official report for the 1924 Summer and Winter Olympics listed 293 athletes from 17 nations. Finland placed second on the table, collecting four gold medals amongst a total of eleven. Clas Thunberg won five of their medals, achieving a medal in each of the speed skating events he took part in; collecting three gold medals, one silver and one bronze. Eight of the competing nations achieved at least one gold medal, with only Belgium and the hosts, France, medalling without winning a gold medal. One medal was reallocated in 1974; during the games, Thorleif Haug of Norway had been awarded the bronze medal in ski jumping, along with his three gold medals. A Norwegian historian discovered that there had been a scoring error, and an American, Anders Haugen, had actually finished in third place. As Haug had died in 1934, his daughter presented Haugen, aged 83, with his medal. In the official report, the classification of nations is ranked not by medals, but rather by "points", which were awarded for each position from first to sixth; not exclusively for gold, silver and bronze. Due to this, Czechoslovakia were included in the table ahead of Belgium, due to two fourth-place finishes, one fifth and one sixth. Italy were also present, in twelfth, for their solitary sixth place.

text:
# 1924 Winter Olympics medal table

The 1924 Winter Olympics, officially known as the I Olympic Winter Games, and known at the time as *Semaine Internationale des Sports d'Hiver* ("International Winter Sports Week"), was a winter multi-sport event held in Chamonix, France, from 25 January to 5 February 1924. Norway topped the table, collecting seventeen medals in total, including four gold, three of which were won by Thorleif Haug in the Nordic combined and cross-country skiing events. Norway also achieved two podium sweeps, winning all three medals in both the 50 km cross-country skiing and the Nordic combined. This remained a record at the Winter Olympics until 2014.

When it was held, the games were not formally recognised as being the Olympics, but acknowledged that they were held under the "high patronage of the International Olympic Committee". Partly due to this, varying figures are reported for the number of participants. The International Olympic Committee (IOC) website suggests that 258 athletes from 16 nations participated in 16 events across 9 sports. In contrast, the *Sports-Reference* website lists 313 participants from 19 countries. Bill Mallon, a prominent Olympic Games historian, quotes a figure of 291 competitors in his *Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement*. Meanwhile, the official report for the 1924 Summer and Winter Olympics listed 293 athletes from 17 nations.

Finland placed second on the table, collecting four gold medals amongst a total of eleven. Clas Thunberg won five of their medals, achieving a medal in each of the speed skating events he took part in; collecting three gold medals, one silver and one bronze. Eight of the competing nations achieved at least one gold medal, with only Belgium and the hosts, France, medalling without winning a gold medal. One medal was reallocated in 1974; during the games, Thorleif Haug of Norway had been awarded the bronze medal in ski jumping, along with his three gold medals. A Norwegian historian discovered that there had been a scoring error, and an American, Anders Haugen, had actually finished in third place. As Haug had died in 1934, his daughter presented Haugen, aged 83, with his medal.

In the official report, the classification of nations is ranked not by medals, but rather by "points", which were awarded for each position from first to sixth; not exclusively for gold, silver and bronze. Due to this, Czechoslovakia were included in the table ahead of Belgium, due to two fourth-place finishes, one fifth and one sixth. Italy were also present, in twelfth, for their solitary sixth place.

## Medal table

The medal table is based on information provided by the IOC and is consistent with IOC convention in its published medal tables. By default, the table is ordered by the number of gold medals the athletes from a nation have won (in this context, a nation is an entity represented by a National Olympic Committee). The number of silver medals is taken into consideration next and then the number of bronze medals. If nations are still tied, equal ranking is given and they are listed alphabetically. Two bronze medals were awarded in the 500 metres speed skating event for the third place tie.

*   Host nation (France)

1924 Winter Olympics medal table
| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Norway | 4 | 7 | 6 | 17 |
| 2 | Finland | 4 | 4 | 3 | 11 |
| 3 | Austria | 2 | 1 | 0 | 3 |
| 4 | Switzerland | 2 | 0 | 1 | 3 |
| 5 | United States | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
| 6 | Great Britain | 1 | 1 | 2 | 4 |
| 7 | Sweden | 1 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
| 8 | Canada | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| | Mixed team | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| 10 | France* | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 11 | Belgium | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (11 entries) | | 17 | 16 | 17 | 50 |

1. "1924 Medal Tally". *Topend Sports*. Archived from the original on 25 August 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
2. "Chamonix 1924". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 1 September 2017. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
3. BMallon (18 February 2014). "Netherlands Speed Skating Medal Sweeps". *OlympStats*. Archived from the original on 25 August 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
4. "Bergsma breaks Olympic record to lead fourth Dutch medal sweep". *Xinhuanet*. 19 February 2014. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
5. "1924 Chamonix Winter Games". *Sports Reference*. Archived from the original on 25 August 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
6. Mallon, Bill; Heijmans, Jereon (2011). *Historical Dictionary of the Olympic Movement*. Plymouth, UK: Scarecrow Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-8108-7522-7. Archived from the original on 14 October 2017.
7. *"Official Report of the 1924 Olympic Games* (PDF) (in French). International Olympic Committee. 1924. p. 662. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
8. Jorsett, Per (13 February 2009). "Thorleif Haug". *Norsk biografisk leksikon* (in Norwegian). Oslo: Kunnskapsforlaget. Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
9. "Anders Haugen's belated bronze medal". *Ski Jumping Hill Archive*. 5 January 2006. Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
10. "Anders Haugen, Olympian; Medal Was Delayed 50 Years". *The New York Times*. AP. 19 April 1984. Archived from the original on 20 September 2017.
11. *"Official Report of the 1924 Olympic Games* (PDF) (in French). International Olympic Committee. 1924. p. 661. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2017.
12. "Chamonix 1924 / Speed Skating / 500m Men". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 27 March 2017. Retrieved 25 August 2017.
13. "Chamonix 1924 Medal Table". *International Olympic Committee*. Retrieved 22 October 2017.

## InfoBox

| 1924 Winter Olympics medals | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Chamonix,  France |
| Highlights | |
| Most gold medals | Finland (4) and<br>Norway (4) |
| Most total medals | Norway (17) |
| Medalling NOCs | 10 |
|