title: Malcolm Baldrige Jr.

abstract: Howard Malcolm "Mac" Baldrige Jr. was an American businessman. He served as the United States Secretary of Commerce from 1981 until he died in 1987. He was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame in 1988.

text:
# Malcolm Baldrige Jr.

**Howard Malcolm "Mac" Baldrige Jr.** (October 4, 1922  July 25, 1987) was an American businessman. He served as the United States Secretary of Commerce from 1981 until he died in 1987. He was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame in 1988.

## Biography

### Early life and career

Baldrige was born on October 4, 1922, in Omaha, Nebraska. He was the son of H. Malcolm Baldrige, Sr. (1894–1985), a congressman from Nebraska, and the former Regina Katherine Connell (1896–1967). He had a brother, Robert Connell Baldridge (he alone returned the second "d" to his last name, which had been dropped in previous generations), and a sister, Letitia Baldrige.

He attended The Hotchkiss School and Yale University. At Yale, he was a member of a Delta Kappa Epsilon.

Baldrige began his career in the manufacturing industry in 1947 as the foundry hand in an iron company in Connecticut and rose to the presidency of that company by 1960. During World War II, Baldrige served in combat in the Pacific as Captain in the 27th Infantry Division. On March 31, 1951, Baldrige married Margaret "Midge" Trowbridge Murray, with whom he had two daughters.

Before entering the Cabinet, Baldrige was chairman and chief executive officer of Waterbury, Connecticut-based brass company Scovill, Inc. Having joined Scovill in 1962, he is credited with leading its transformation to a highly diversified manufacturer of consumer, housing and industrial goods from a financially troubled brass mill.

### Secretary of Commerce

Baldrige was nominated to be Secretary of Commerce by President-elect Ronald Reagan on December 11, 1980, and confirmed by the United States Senate on January 22, 1981. He served from January 20, 1981, until July 25, 1987. He and William C. Redfield served the longest of all secretaries at six years. During his tenure, Baldrige played a significant role in developing and carrying out Administration trade policy. He took the lead in resolving difficulties in technology transfers with China and India. Baldrige held the first Cabinet-level talks with the Soviet Union in seven years, which paved the way for increased access for U.S. firms to the Soviet market. The world's most preeminent leaders highly regarded him.

Leading the Administration's ward effort to pass the Export Trading Company Act of 1982, Baldrige was named by the President to chair a Cabinet-level Trade Strike Force to search out unfair trading practices and recommend ways to end those practices. He was the leader in the reform of the nation's antitrust laws.

Baldrige's award-winning managerial excellence contributed to long-term economic improvement, efficiency, and effectiveness in government. Baldrige reduced the budget within the Commerce Department by more than 30% and administrative personnel by 25%.

"How Plain English Works for Business, Twelve Case Studies" was published by the U.S. Department of Commerce with his introduction in 1984. In it were twelve chapters on how "translations" of complex legal wording or bureaucratic jargon could be simplified and made more clear to any reader. In the section on insurance policy language, an example showed the cumbersome nature of "While this policy has a loan value, the owner may obtain an advance from XYZ Company upon assignment of the policy as sole security." It became "You can get a loan from us on your policy while it has a loan value. The policy can be the sole security for the loan."

Baldrige's introduction read, in part, "Talking or writing in plain English is a challenge to both the private and public sectors. In this book of case studies, 12 corporations and trade associations tell how they met this challenge. I am grateful for the efforts their officials have given to this partnership project."

Baldrige worked as a ranch hand during his boyhood and earned several awards as a professional team roper on the rodeo circuit. He was the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association's Rodeo Man of the Year in 1981; he was installed in the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, in 1984. Baldrige once appeared on the television game show *To Tell the Truth* pretending to be rodeo tie-down roping champion Dean Oliver. He was inducted into the ProRodeo Hall of Fame in Colorado Springs, Colorado, in 1988, rodeo's highest honor.

### Death and legacy

Secretary of Commerce Baldrige died in Northern California on July 25, 1987, after sustaining internal injuries from a rodeo accident while participating in a calf-roping competition when the horse he was riding fell on him at the Jack Roddy Ranch in Brentwood in east Contra Costa County, 45 miles (70 km) east of San Francisco. Following the accident, Baldrige was flown by helicopter to John Muir Hospital in Walnut Creek, California, but his internal injuries were too severe. Baldrige was buried in North Cemetery in Woodbury, Connecticut.

His service as Secretary of Commerce was one of the longest in history. He and Ron Brown are the only two who died while in office. Baldrige is said to have been possibly the most colorful Secretary of Commerce and one of the most beloved.

Baldrige was a proponent of quality management as a key to his country's prosperity and long-term strength. He took a personal interest in the legislation that became the Quality Improvement Act of 1987 and helped draft one of the early versions. In recognition of his contributions, Congress named the annual award (see Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award) for product quality in his honor.

After Baldrige's death, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration renamed the oceanographic research ship NOAAS *Researcher* (R 103) in his honor in a ceremony on March 1, 1988, at the Washington Navy Yard in Washington, D.C., the ship becoming NOAAS *Malcolm Baldrige* (R 103).

On October 17, 1988, Baldrige was presented posthumously with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Ronald Reagan.

## Awards and honors

* How Plain English Works for Business, Twelve Case Studies, U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Consumer Affairs, March 1984. 102 pages; 003-000-00631-0; U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

## InfoBox

| Malcolm Baldrige Jr. | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| 26th United States Secretary of Commerce | |
| **In office**
January 20, 1981  July 25, 1987 | |
| President | Ronald Reagan |
| Preceded by | Philip Klutznick |
| Succeeded by | William Verity |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Howard Malcolm Baldrige Jr.
(1922-10-04)October 4, 1922
Omaha, Nebraska, U.S. |
| Died | July 25, 1987(1987-07-25) (aged 64)
Walnut Creek, California, U.S. |
| Resting place | North Cemetery in Woodbury, Connecticut, U.S. |
| Political party | Republican |
| Relations | Letitia Baldrige (sister) |
| Parent | Howard Malcolm Baldrige, Sr. (father) |
| Alma mater | Yale University |
| Occupation | Foundryman, Rodeo team roper, businessman |
| Profession | Businessman |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Branch/service | United States Army |
| Rank | Captain |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
|  | |


title: Periodic Tales

abstract: Periodic Tales: The Curious Lives of the Elements is a 2011 popular science and history book by English writer Hugh Aldersey-Williams, on the history and cultural associations of the chemical elements. The book is divided into five sections, "Power", "Fire", "Craft", "Beauty", and "Earth", which group elements according to their primary cultural connotations, rather than their position on the periodic table. For certain elements such as phosphorus, the author documents his attempts to obtain samples by reproducing the original method of discovery. He also visits the site of discovery of several elements uncovered in modern times, including the famed Ytterby mine in Sweden, from which seven new elements were isolated.

text:
# Periodic Tales

***Periodic Tales: The Curious Lives of the Elements*** (also published as ***Periodic Tales: A Cultural History of the Elements, from Arsenic to Zinc***) is a 2011 popular science and history book by English writer Hugh Aldersey-Williams, on the history and cultural associations of the chemical elements. The book is divided into five sections, "Power", "Fire", "Craft", "Beauty", and "Earth", which group elements according to their primary cultural connotations, rather than their position on the periodic table. For certain elements such as phosphorus, the author documents his attempts to obtain samples by reproducing the original method of discovery. He also visits the site of discovery of several elements uncovered in modern times, including the famed Ytterby mine in Sweden, from which seven new elements were isolated.

## Reception

The book received mixed but generally positive reviews from *The Daily Telegraph*, *Kirkus Reviews*, *Publishers Weekly*, and *Science News*. *The Telegraph* described the book as "a 400-page love letter to the chemical elements", and "an agreeable jumble of anecdote, reflection and information, rather than a source of understanding". Robert Buntrock, reviewing the book for the *Journal of Chemical Education*, found it to be more accurate and more enjoyable than *The Disappearing Spoon* by Sam Kean, a book with similar subject matter and audience published the year before.

## InfoBox

Periodic Tales: The Curious Lives of the Elements
| First edition (UK) | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Hugh Aldersey-Williams |
| Subject | Chemical elements
History of chemistry |
| Publisher | Viking Press (UK)
Ecco Press (US) |
| Publication date | 2011 |
| Publication place | US |
| Pages | 428 |
| ISBN | 9780061824722 |
| OCLC | 639164366 |


title: Workingman's Savings Bank & Trust Co.

abstract: The Workingman's Savings Bank & Trust Co. Building, which is located at 800 East Ohio Street in the East Allegheny neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was built in 1901. It was added to the List of City of Pittsburgh historic designations on March 10, 2009.

text:
# Workingman's Savings Bank & Trust Co.

The **Workingman's Savings Bank & Trust Co.** Building, which is located at 800 East Ohio Street in the East Allegheny neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was built in 1901.

It was added to the List of City of Pittsburgh historic designations on March 10, 2009.

## History and architectural features

Formerly a Mellon Bank until 1971, this building was sold to the Catholic Diocese of Pittsburgh with plans to convert it to a church; however, the expense of the project proved too costly and it was instead donated to the ARC House rehabilitation center network. The building was used as its headquarters from 1976 to 2006. It is currently vacant.

It was added to the List of City of Pittsburgh historic designations on March 10, 2009.

## InfoBox

Workingman's Savings Bank & Trust Co.
| City of Pittsburgh Historic Site | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location of the Workingman's Savings Bank & Trust Co. in Pittsburgh | |
| Location | 800 East Ohio Street (East Allegheny), Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA |
| Coordinates | 40°27′15.47″N 79°59′48.31″W / 40.4542972°N 79.9967528°W / 40.4542972; -79.9967528 |
| Built/founded | 1901 |
| CPHD designated | March 10, 2009 |


title: List of Japanese films of 2016

text:
# List of Japanese films of 2016

A list of Japanese films that were first released in 2016.

## Highest-grossing films

The following is a list of the 10 highest-grossing Japanese films at the Japanese box office during 2016.

| Rank | Title | Gross |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | *Your Name* | ¥21.32 billion (US$182.2 million) |
| 2 | *Shin Godzilla* | ¥8.11 billion (US$69.3 million) |
| 3 | *Detective Conan: The Darkest Nightmare* | ¥6.33 billion (US$54.1 million) |
| 4 | *Yo-kai Watch: Enma Daiō to Itsutsu no Monogatari da Nyan!* | ¥5.53 billion (US$47.3 million) |
| 5 | *One Piece Film: Gold* | ¥5.20 billion (US$44.4 million) |
| 6 | *Nobunaga Concerto: The Movie* | ¥4.61 billion (US$42.6 million) |
| 7 | *Doraemon: Nobita and the Birth of Japan 2016* | ¥4.12 billion (US$58.4 million) |
| 8 | *Assassination Classroom: Graduation* | ¥3.52 billion (US$32.6 million) |
| 9 | *Orange* | ¥3.25 billion (US$28.2 million) |
| 10 | *Girls und Panzer der Film* | ¥2.40 billion (US$22.9 million) |
|

## Film releases

### January – March

| Opening | | Title | Director | Cast | Ref(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| J
A
N
U
A
R
Y | 8 | *Kizumonogatari Part 1: Tekketsu* | Tatsuya Oishi | Hiroshi Kamiya, Maaya Sakamoto, Yui Horie, Takahiro Sakurai, Miyu Irino, Masashi Ebara |  |
| | *Garakowa: Restore the World* | Masashi Ishihama | Yumiri Hanamori, Ayane Sakura, Risa Taneda |  |
| | *Jinsei no Yakusoku* | Kan Ishibashi | Yutaka Takenouchi, Yōsuke Eguchi, Tori Matsuzaka, Yūka |  |
| | 9 | *King of Prism Series* | Masakazu Hishida | Tetsuya Kakihara, Tomoaki Maeno, Toshiki Masuda, Shinichiro Miki |  |
| | *Pink and Gray* | Isao Yukisada | Yuto Nakajima, Masaki Suda, Kaho, Yukino Kishii |  |
| | 22 | *Persona 3 The Movie: No. 4, Winter of Rebirth* | Tomohisa Taguchi | Akira Ishida, Megumi Toyoguchi, Kōsuke Toriumi, Rie Tanaka |  |
| | *Nobunaga Concerto* | Hiroaki Matsuyama | Shun Oguri, Kō Shibasaki, Osamu Mukai, Takayuki Yamada, Kiko Mizuhara, Arata Furuta |  |
| | 29 | *Dangerous Cops: Final 5 Days* | Toru Murakawa | Hiroshi Tachi, Kyōhei Shibata, Atsuko Asano, Tōru Nakamura |  |
| | *The Inerasable* | Yoshihiro Nakamura | Yūko Takeuchi, Ai Hashimoto, Kentaro Sakaguchi, Kenichi Takitō |  |
| F
E
B
R
U
A
R
Y | 6 | *New Initial D the Movie Legend 3: Dream* | Masamitsu Hidaka, Tomohito Naka | Mamoru Miyano, Hiroaki Hirata, Maaya Uchida, Hiroshi Tsuchida |  |
| | 12 | *selector destructed WIXOSS* | Takuya Satō | Ai Kakuma, Ayane Sakura, Ai Kayano, Chinatsu Akasaki |  |
| | *Lychee Light Club* | Eisuke Naito | Shuhei Nomura, Yuki Furukawa, Shotaro Mamiya, Ayami Nakajo |  |
| | *Children of Iron* | Koki Fukuyama | Tomoko Tobata, Jyonmyon Pe, Taishi Sato, Mau Konishi |  |
| | 26 | *Defying Kurosaki-kun* | Shō Tsukikawa | Kento Nakajima, Nana Komatsu, Yudai Chiba, Sara Takatsuki |  |
| | 27 | *Tantei Opera Milky Holmes the Movie: Milky Holmes' Counterattack* | Hiroaki Sakurai | Suzuko Mimori, Sora Tokui, Mikoi Sasaki, Izumi Kitta |  |
| M
A
R
C
H | 4 | *Sailor Suit and Machine Gun: Graduation* | Kōji Maeda | Kanna Hashimoto, Hiroki Hasegawa, Masanobu Andō, Takurō Ōno |  |
| | *Doraemon: Nobita and the Birth of Japan 2016* | Shinnosuke Yakuwa | Wasabi Mizuta, Megumi Ohara, Yumi Kakazu, Subaru Kimura, Tomokazu Seki |  |
| | 11 | *PriPara Minna no Akogare Let's Go PriPari* | Makoto Moriwaki | Yuri Chinen, Taishi Nakagawa, Nana Komatsu, Erina Mano |  |
| | *What a Wonderful Family!* | Yoji Yamada | Isao Hashizume, Kazuko Yoshiyuki, Masahiko Nishimura, Yui Natsukawa |  |
| | *Everest: The Summit of the Gods* | Hideyuki Hirayama | Junichi Okada, Hiroshi Abe, Machiko Ono, Pierre Taki |  |
| | 18 | *Chihayafuru Part 1* | Norihiro Koizumi | Suzu Hirose, Shuhei Nomura, Mackenyu, Mone Kamishiraishi |  |
| | *Erased* | Yūichirō Hirakawa | Rie Hosaka, Rina Honnizumi, Yui Ogura, Konomi Tada |  |
| | *Pretty Cure All Stars: Singing with Everyone♪ Miraculous Magic!* | Yutaka Tsuchida | Rie Hosaka, Rina Honnizumi, Yui Ogura, Konomi Tada |  |
| | 25 | *Assassination Classroom: Graduation* | Eiichirō Hasumi | Sota Fukushi, Yuma Nakayama, Yuki Furukawa, Renn Kiriyama |  |
|

### April - June

| Opening | | Title | Director | Cast | Ref(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| A
P
R
I
L | 6 | *Tamayura ~Sotsugyō Shashin~ Part 4: Ashita* | Junichi Sato | Ayana Taketatsu, Kana Asumi, Yuko Gibu, Yuka Iguchi |  |
| | 8 | *Joshikō* | Kōki Yamamoto | Minami Minegishi, Riho Takada, Haru Izumi, Erina Nakayama |  |
| | 15 | *Detective Conan: Zero the Enforcer* | Kōbun Shizuno | Minami Takayama, Wakana Yamazaki, Rikiya Koyama, Tōru Furuya |  |
| | *Crayon Shin-chan: Fast Asleep! The Great Assault on Dreamy World!* | Wataru Takahashi | Akiko Yajima, Miki Narahashi, Toshiyuki Morikawa, Satomi Kōrogi, Mari Mashiba, Tamao Hayashi |  |
| | 22 | *I've Always Liked You* | Tetsuya Yanagisawa | Hiroshi Kamiya, Haruka Tomatsu, Yūki Kaji, Kana Asumi |  |
| | *Yu-Gi-Oh!: The Dark Side of Dimensions* | Satoshi Kuwabara | Shunsuke Kazama, Kenjiro Tsuda, Hiroki Takahashi, Maki Saitō |  |
| | *I Am a Hero* | Shinsuke Sato | Yo Oizumi, Kasumi Arimura, Masami Nagasawa, Hisashi Yoshizawa |  |
| | 23 | *Sound! Euphonium: The Movie – Welcome to the Kitauji High School Concert Band* | Tatsuya Ishihara | Tomoyo Kurosawa, Ayaka Asai, Moe Toyota, Chika Anzai |  |
| | 29 | *Terra Formars* | Takashi Miike | Hideaki Itō, Emi Takei, Tomohisa Yamashita, Takayuki Yamada |  |
| | *Chihayafuru Part 2* | Norihiro Koizumi | Suzu Hirose, Shuhei Nomura, Mackenyu, Mone Kamishiraishi |  |
| M
A
Y | 6 | *64: Part I* | Takahisa Zeze | Kōichi Satō, Nana Eikura, Gō Ayano, Yui Natsukawa |  |
| | 13 | *The Whispering Star* | Sion Sono | Megumi Kagurazaka, Kenji Endō, Yūto Ikeda |  |
| | *Hentai Kamen: Abnormal Crisis* | Yūichi Fukuda | Ryohei Suzuki, Fumika Shimizu, Yūya Yagira, Tsuyoshi Muro |  |
| | *If Cats Disappeared from the World* | Akira Nagai | Takeru Satoh, Aoi Miyazaki, Gaku Hamada, Eita Okuno |  |
| | 20 | *After the Storm* | Hirokazu Kore-eda | Hiroshi Abe, Kirin Kiki, Yōko Maki, Satomi Kobayashi |  |
| | 21 | *Destruction Babies* | Tatsuya Mariko | Yūya Yagira, Masaki Suda, Nijiro Murakami, Nana Komatsu, Sosuke Ikematsu, Takumi Kitamura |  |
| | *Garo: Divine Flame* | Yuichiro Hayashi | Daisuke Namikawa, Katsuhito Nomura, Romi Park, Kenyu Horiuchi, Miyu Tomita, Arisa Komiya, Masato Hagiwara |  |
| | 27 | *Wolf Girl and Black Prince* | Ryūichi Hiroki | Fumi Nikaidō, Kento Yamazaki, Mugi Kadowaki, Ryusei Yokohama |  |
| | *Himeanole* | Keisuke Yoshida | Gō Morita, Gaku Hamada, Aimi Satsukawa, Tsuyoshi Muro |  |
| J
U
N
E | 4 | *The Kodais* | Masato Hijikata | Haruka Ayase, Takumi Saito, Kiko Mizuhara, Shotaro Mamiya |  |
| | *Evergreen Love* | Kōichirō Miki | Takanori Iwata, Mitsuki Takahata, Hana Imai, Joji Abe |  |
| | 10 | *64: Part II* | Takahisa Zeze | Kōichi Satō, Nana Eikura, Gō Ayano, Yui Natsukawa |  |
| | 17 | *Sadako vs. Kayako* | Kōji Shiraishi | Mizuki Yamamoto, Tina Tamashiro, Masahiro Komoto, Masanobu Andō |  |
| | *CREEPY* | Kiyoshi Kurosawa | Hidetoshi Nishijima, Yūko Takeuchi, Haruna Kawaguchi, Masahiro Higashide |  |
| | 18 | *Mars* | Saiji Yakumo | Taisuke Fujigaya, Masataka Kubota, Marie Iitoyo, Hirona Yamazaki |  |
| | 24 | *Twisted Justice* | Kazuya Shiraishi | Gō Ayano, YOUNG DAIS, Yukio Ueno, Haruna Yabuki |  |
| | *Too Young to Die! Wakakushite Shinu* | Kankurō Kudō | Tomoya Nagase, Ryunosuke Kamiki, Machiko Ono, Aoi Morikawa |  |
|

### July - September

| Opening | | Title | Director | Cast | Ref(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| J
U
L
Y | 1 | *Setoutsumi* | Tatsushi Ōmori | Sosuke Ikematsu, Masaki Suda, Ayami Nakajo, Takuji Suzuki |  |
| | 8 | *Kingsglaive: Final Fantasy XV* | Takeshi Nozue | Gō Ayano, Shiori Kutsuna, Tsutomu Isobe, Shōzō Iizuka |  |
| | 15 | *High & Low: The Movie Series* | Shigeaki Kubo | Akira, Sho Aoyagi, Hiroyuki Takaya, Yushin Okami |  |
| | *Pokémon the Movie: Volcanion and the Mechanical Marvel* | Kunihiko Yuyama | Rica Matsumoto, Ikue Ōtani, Megumi Hayashibara, Shinichiro Miki |  |
| | 22 | *Accel World: Infinite Burst* | Masakazu Obara | Sachika Misawa, Yūki Kaji, Aki Toyosaki, Shintarō Asanuma |  |
| | *One Piece Film: Gold* | Hiroaki Miyamoto | Mayumi Tanaka, Kazuya Nakai, Akemi Okamura, Kappei Yamaguchi |  |
| | 29 | *Shin Godzilla* | Hideaki Anno, Shinji Higuchi | Hiroki Hasegawa, Satomi Ishihara, Yutaka Takenouchi, Kengo Kora |  |
| | 30 | *Corpse Party Book of Shadows* | Masafumi Yamada | Rina Ikoma, Ryōsuke Ikeoka, Nozomi Maeda, Ren Ishikawa |  |
| A
U
G
U
S
T | 5 | *Rudolf the Black Cat* | Kunihiko Yuyama | Ryohei Suzuki, Mao Inoue, Akio Ōtsuka, Arata Furuta |  |
| | 13 | *Aikatsu!: The Targeted Magical Aikatsu Card and Aikatsu Stars!* | Shin'ya Watada, Ryuichi Kimura | Sumire Morohoshi, Azusa Tadokoro, Ayaka Ōhashi, Miyu Tomita |  |
| | 19 | *Kizumonogatari Part 2: Nekketsu* | Akiyuki Shinbo, Tatsuya Oishi | Hiroshi Kamiya, Maaya Sakamoto, Yui Horie, Takahiro Sakurai, Miyu Irino, Masashi Ebara |  |
| | *Aozora Yell* | Takahiro Miki | Tao Tsuchiya, Ryoma Takeuchi, Shōno Hayama, Arata Horii |  |
| | 26 | *Your Name* | Makoto Shinkai | Ryunosuke Kamiki, Mone Kamishiraishi, Masami Nagasawa, Etsuko Ichihara |  |
| S
E
P
T
E
M
B
E
R | 2 | *Planetarian: Storyteller of the Stars* | Naokatsu Tsuda | Daisuke Ono, Keiko Suzuki, Tamio Ōki, Sanae Fukui |  |
| | 9 | *Your Lie in April* | Takehiko Shinjō | Kento Yamazaki, Suzu Hirose, Anna Ishii, Taishi Nakagawa |  |
| | 16 | *A Silent Voice* | Naoko Yamada | Miyu Irino, Saori Hayami, Aoi Yūki, Kenshō Ono |  |
| | *Rage* | Lee Sang-il | Ken Watanabe, Mirai Moriyama, Kenichi Matsuyama, Gō Ayano |  |
| | *Over the Fence* | Nobuhiro Yamashita | Joe Odagiri, Yū Aoi, Shota Matsuda, Yukiya Kitamura |  |
| | 30 | *SCOOP!* | Hitoshi Ōne | Masaharu Fukuyama, Fumi Nikaidō, Yō Yoshida, Kenichi Takito |  |
| | *Cutie Honey: Tears* | Asai Takeshi | Mariya Nishiuchi, Takahiro Miura, Nicole Ishida, Sousuke Takaoka |  |
|

### October - December

| Opening | | Title | Director | Cast | Ref(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| O
C
T
O
B
E
R | 7 | *Night's Tightrope* | Yukiko Mishima | Tsubasa Honda, Mizuki Yamamoto, Mackenyu, Ryo Sato |  |
| | *The Good Morning Show!* | Ryoichi Kimizuka | Kiichi Nakai, Masami Nagasawa, Mirai Shida, Saburō Tokitō |  |
| | 8 | *My Dad and Mr. Ito* | Yuki Tanada | Juri Ueno, Tatsuya Fuji, Lily Franky, Tomoharu Hasegawa |  |
| | 14 | *The Long Excuse* | Miwa Nishikawa | Masahiro Motoki, Eri Fukatsu, Pistol Takehara, Kenshin Fujita |  |
| | *Gantz: O* | Keiichi Sato | Daisuke Ono, M.A.O, Tomohiro Kaku, Saori Hayami |  |
| | *Somebody* | Daisuke Miura | Takeru Satoh, Masaki Suda, Kasumi Arimura, Fumi Nikaidō |  |
| | 15 | *Zegapain ADP* | Masami Shimoda | Shintarō Asanuma, Kana Hanazawa, Ayako Kawasumi, Romi Park |  |
| | 28 | *Her Love Boils Bathwater* | Ryōta Nakano | Rie Miyazawa, Hana Sugisaki, Joe Odagiri, Tori Matsuzaka |  |
| | 29 | *Death Note: Light Up the New World* | Shinsuke Sato | Masahiro Higashide, Sosuke Ikematsu, Masaki Suda, Erika Toda, Rina Kawaei |  |
| N
O
V
E
M
B
E
R | 4 | *Galactic Armored Fleet Majestic Prince: Genetic Awakening* | Keitaro Motonaga | Hiroki Aiba, Yōko Hikasa, Yuka Iguchi, Junya Ikeda |  |
| | *Drowning Love* | Yūki Yamato | Nana Komatsu, Masaki Suda, Daiki Shigeoka, Mone Kamishiraishi |  |
| | 11 | In This Corner of the World | Sunao Katabuchi | Rena Nōnen, Yoshimasa Hosoya, Mayumi Shintani, Shigeru Ushiyama |  |
| | *Museum* | Keishi Ōtomo | Shun Oguri, Satoshi Tsumabuki, Machiko Ono, Shūhei Nomura |  |
| | 18 | *Satoshi: A Move for Tomorrow* | Yoshitaka Mori | Kenichi Matsuyama, Masahiro Higashide, Lily Franky, Keiko Takeshita |  |
| | 25 | *KanColle: The Movie* | Keizō Kusakawa | Sumire Uesaka, Rina Hidaka, Yumi Tanibe, Saki Fujita |  |
| | *Itazura na Kiss the Movie ~High School-Hen~* | Minoru Mizoguchi | Kanta Satō, Reina Bisa, Nonoka Yamaguchi, Simon Ohkura |  |
| | 26 | *Shippu Rondo* | Teruyuki Yoshida | Hiroshi Abe, Tadayoshi Okura, Yuko Oshima, Tsuyoshi Muro |  |
| D
E
C
E
M
B
E
R | 9 | *Monster Strike The Movie* | Shinpei Ezaki | Maaya Sakamoto, Tomo Muranaka, Yūsuke Kobayashi, Lynn |  |
| | *Fueled: The Man They Called Pirate* | Takashi Yamazaki | Junichi Okada, Hidetaka Yoshioka, Shōta Sometani, Tōru Nomaguchi |  |
| | 14 | *The Moment You Fall in Love* | Tetsuya Yanagisawa | Momo Asakura, Natsuki Hanae, Tsubasa Yonaga, Yoshimasa Hosoya |  |
| | *My Tomorrow, Your Yesterday* | Takahiro Miki | Sota Fukushi, Nana Komatsu, Masahiro Higashide, Yuki Yamada |  |
| | *Yo-kai Watch: Soratobu Kujira to Double no Sekai no Daibōken da Nyan!* | Shigeharu Takahashi, Shinji Ushiro | Ryōka Minamide, Haruka Tomatsu, Tomokazu Seki, Etsuko Kozakura |  |
| | 23 | *Pop in Q* | Naoki Miyahara | Asami Seto, Shiori Izawa, Tomoyo Kurosawa, Atsumi Tanezaki |  |
| | *The Mole Song: Hong Kong Capriccio* | Takashi Miike | Toma Ikuta, Eita, Tsubasa Honda, Shinichi Tsutsumi |  |
| | 31 | *Kabaneri of the Iron Fortress Pt.1* | Nobuhiro Yamashita, Tetsurō Araki | Tasuku Hatanaka, Sayaka Senbongi, Maaya Uchida, Toshiki Masuda |  |
|


title: Turbo lajonkairii

abstract: Turbo lajonkairii, common name the Lajonkairi's turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.

text:
# Turbo lajonkairii

***Turbo lajonkairii***, common name **the Lajonkairi's turban**, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 50 mm and 100 mm. The large, solid, umbilicate shell has a turbinate shape. Its color pattern is white, sometimes sparsely maculate with chestnut. The six whorls are striate, spirally lirate, and bicarinate. The body whorl is one and one-half armed with erect long stout tubular spines on the carinae, ten to twelve in number on the last whorl, usually tinged with green. The ovate aperture ovate, pearly white and iridescent within. The columella is thickened below, deflexed, produced and somewhat channelled, excavated at the conspicuous umbilicus.

The operculum is subcircular. Inside it is dark brown, with four whorls and a subcentral nucleus. Its outer surface is convex, coarsely granose, and dark brown in the center, lighter and minutely granulate toward the edges. The margin is substriate, with an orange line.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Eastern Indian Ocean (Cocos (Keeling) Islands) and in the Western Pacific

* Abbott, R.T. 1950. *The Molluscan Fauna of the Cocos-Keeling Islands, Indian Ocean*. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 22: 68-98
* Maes, V.O. 1967. *The littoral marine mollusks of Cocos-Keeling Islands (Indian Ocean).* Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 119: 93-217
* Wilson, B. 1993. *Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods.* Kallaroo, Western Australia : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 1 408 pp.

* World Register of Marine Species
* "*Turbo (Marmarostoma) argyrostomus lajonkairii*". *Gastropods.com*. Retrieved 16 January 2019.

## InfoBox

| *Turbo lajonkairii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Drawing of a shell of Turbo lajonkairii | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Vetigastropoda |
| Order: | Trochida |
| Superfamily: | Trochoidea |
| Family: | Turbinidae |
| Genus: | *Turbo* |
| Species: | ***T. lajonkairii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Turbo lajonkairii***<br>(Deshayes, 1839) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Turbo argyrostomus lajonkairii* (Deshayes, 1839) * *Turbo (Marmarostoma) argyrostomus lajonkairii* (Deshayes, 1839) | |


title: Martin Knudsen (footballer)

abstract: Martin Knudsen is a former footballer from Bergen who played as a midfielder. He started his senior career in Viking FK. He came to SK Brann on a free transfer in 2000. Knudsen played over a hundred league matches for the club and played in many different positions on the pitch. He has silver and bronze medals from the Norwegian Tippeligaen and played one of his best matches in his career when Brann won the 2004 cup final against F.C. Lyn Oslo. At the end of November 2006, Brann was approached by Molde FK, Sandefjord Fotball and Tromsø IL, who all wanted to sign him. Molde later withdrew their offer as they could not afford Knudsen's demanded salary. On 5 December 2006, Knudsen agreed to Tromsø's offer, and played in Tromsø from January 2007. Knudsen choose to leave Tromsø after the 2009 season. He subsequently turned down an offer from newly promoted Norwegian Premier League club Kongsvinger IL as he wanted to live close to his home place, and went on to play for the third division team Staal instead.

text:
# Martin Knudsen (footballer)

**Martin Knudsen** (born 4 January 1978) is a former footballer from Bergen who played as a midfielder.

He started his senior career in Viking FK.

He came to SK Brann on a free transfer in 2000. Knudsen played over a hundred league matches for the club and played in many different positions on the pitch. He has silver and bronze medals from the Norwegian Tippeligaen and played one of his best matches in his career when Brann won the 2004 cup final against F.C. Lyn Oslo.

At the end of November 2006, Brann was approached by Molde FK, Sandefjord Fotball and Tromsø IL, who all wanted to sign him. Molde later withdrew their offer as they could not afford Knudsen's demanded salary. On 5 December 2006, Knudsen agreed to Tromsø's offer, and played in Tromsø from January 2007. Knudsen choose to leave Tromsø after the 2009 season. He subsequently turned down an offer from newly promoted Norwegian Premier League club Kongsvinger IL as he wanted to live close to his home place, and went on to play for the third division team Staal instead.

## Honours

### Norway

## InfoBox

Martin Knudsen
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Full name | Martin Knudsen | | |
| Date of birth | (1978-01-04) 4 January 1978 | | |
| Place of birth | Bergen, Norway | | |
| Height | 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Youth career | | | |
|  | Midtbygden | | |
|  | Fyllingen | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1997–1999 | Viking | 66 | (1) |
| 2000–2006 | Brann | 125 | (7) |
| 2007–2009 | Tromsø | 51 | (1) |
| 2010–2011 | Staal | ? | (?) |
| 2012 | Varegg | 16 | (1) |
| 2013 | Staal | ? | (?) |
| 2014 | Varegg | 10 | (0) |
| 2015 | Nordnes | 1 | (0) |
| 2015 | Djerv | 4 | (0) |
| International career | | | |
| 1997 | Norway U20 | 1 | (0) |
| 1998–1999 | Norway U21 | 6 | (0) |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals, correct as of 23 September 2015<br>‡ National team caps and goals, correct as of 27 June 2006 | | | |


title: Wiliam Midleton

abstract: Wiliam Midleton was a poet in the Welsh language and an adventurer.

text:
# Wiliam Midleton

**Wiliam Midleton** (c.1550 – 1596) was a poet in the Welsh language and an adventurer.

## Biography

A native of Llansannan, Denbighshire, Midleton entered into the service of William Herbert, first earl of Pembroke (d. 1570) as his secretary, subsequently serving Henry Herbert, the second earl. At the Herberts' home of Wilton he came to know Sir Philip Sidney, the brother of Henry Herbert's wife, Mary. Midleton accompanied Sidney to the Netherlands in 1585, serving as his ensign-bearer at the battle of Zutphen. In 1589 he participated in the unsuccessful English expedition to Portugal. He subsequently embarked on a career as a privateer, being recorded in October 1589 as the captain of the *Elizabeth and Mary*, a ship owned by his cousin, the London merchant Thomas Myddelton, which sailed into Plymouth with a captured Brazilian. In 1590 he sailed another of his cousin's ships, the *Riall*, capturing two argosies bound for Lisbon from Florence, with a cargo worth £13,000. Midleton's privateering career is perhaps reflected in a claim in a Welsh manuscript owned by Thomas Pennant that Midleton and two companions (one of them being Thomas Prys, another Welsh poet and privateer) were 'the first that smoaked Tobacco publickly at London'. The English writer Richard Robinson (1544/5–1603) records Midleton's privateering exploits in the ships of George Clifford, third earl of Cumberland (1558–1605), citing Midleton as his source for his account of eight of Clifford's privateering voyages. In 1595 Midleton sailed with Sir Francis Drake and Sir John Hopkins as captain of the *Salomon Bonaventure* in their abortive expedition to Panama. Whilst anchored at the island of Escudo, not inhabited but full of Tarrtasis and Aligators', Midleton completed his Welsh metrical version of the psalms on 24 January 1596. Richard Robinson records that Midleton died at Falmouth on return from Panama.

## Poetry

Midleton was born into a family that had been the patrons of poets. He learnt the craft of strict-metre Welsh bardic poetry and around 1594 he wrote *Bardhoniaeth, neu brydydhiaeth*, which he intended to act as an aid to amateur litterateurs who wished to practise the craft.

Midleton's metrical Welsh version of some of the psalms, entitled *Rhann o Psalmae Dauyd, a Phrophwyti eraill*, was probably published in 1595 before his departure for Panama. His completed version, *Psalmae y brenhinol brophwyd Dafydh* was published posthumously in 1603. Midleton's acquaintance with Sir Philip Sidney is relevant in this connection. Like Sidney's own metrical psalms, Midleton's psalms were intended as a metrical *tour de force*; they employed a wide variety of metres to display the variety of Welsh prosody. It is likely that they were directly inspired by the example of Sidney's psalms.

### Works

* *Barddoniaeth neu brydyddiaeth*: gan Wiliam Midleton, ed. G. J. Williams (1930)
* G. A. Williams, 'Wiliam Midleton, Elizabethan poet and privateer', in: *Maritime Wales*, (1976)

### Notes


title: Reema Sen

abstract: Reema Sen is a former Indian actress and model who primarily appeared in Tamil, Telugu, and Hindi films.

text:
# Reema Sen

**Reema Sen** (born 29 October 1981) is a former Indian actress and model who primarily appeared in Tamil, Telugu, and Hindi films.

## Early life and education

Reema Sen was born in Kolkata on 29 October 1981. She completed high school from St. Thomas Girls School in Kidderpore, Kolkata, after which her family moved to Mumbai.

## Personal life

Sen married businessman Shiv Karan Singh in 2012. She gave birth to their son, Rudraveer, on 22 February 2013.

## Career

### Film and modelling career

In Mumbai, she began her modelling career, appearing in a number of advertising campaigns. She then moved to films and made her acting debut with Telugu film *Chitram*, in which she acted opposite Uday Kiran, whom she later paired with in *Manasantha Nuvve*. She also appeared in the Tamil film *Minnale* alongside Madhavan, which was very successful. Her first Hindi film *Hum Ho Gaye Aapke* flopped, and she decided to continue working in Tamil cinema. Her appearance in the Tamil film *Rendu*, again alongside Madhavan, was successful. Audience found her expressions in the film *Thimiru* cute. Her negative role in *Aayirathil Oruvan* and *Vallavan* was highly praised by viewers and critics.

She ended her film career in 2012 after she got married. Her last Bollywood film was *Gangs of Wasseypur* alongside Manoj Bajpayee, Nawazuddin Siddiqui and Richa Chadda.

### Music video appearance

In 1998, she appeared in the video of the song "Chandni Raatein" sung by Shamsa Kanwal.

## Public image

In April 2006, a Madurai court issued non-bailable warrants against Sen and Shilpa Shetty for "posing in an obscene manner" in photographs published by the Tamil newspaper *Dinakaran*, owned by Sun Group. The report stated that the two actresses had failed to comply with earlier summons for the same reason, hence the issuance of the warrants. The petitioner submitted that the paper had published *"very sexy blow-ups and medium blow-ups"* in its December 2005 and January 2006 issues, and which allegedly violated the Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act 1986, Young Persons (Harmful Publications) Act 1956, and the Indian Penal Code Section 292 (Sale of Obscene Books). The petitioner further demanded that the images should be confiscated under the terms of the Press and Registration of Book Act 1867.

In January 2007, outgoing Chief Justice Y. K. Sabharwal confirmed that Sen had written to him in order to enunciate guidelines against frivolous lawsuits against artists, but declined her plea on the grounds that she should have filed a formal petition instead of writing a letter.

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Language | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | *Chitram* | Janaki | Telugu | Telugu Debut |
 |
| 2001 | *Minnale* | Reena Joseph | Tamil | Tamil Debut Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut - South |
 |
| | *Bava Nachadu* | Lahari | Telugu |  |  |
| | *Hum Ho Gaye Aapke* | Chandni Gupta | Hindi | Hindi Debut |
 |
| | *Manasantha Nuvve* | Anu (Renu) | Telugu |  |
 |
| 2002 | *Seema Simham* | | Charulatha |  |  |
| | *Adrustam* | | Asha |  |
 |
| | *Bagavathi* | Anjali | Tamil |  |  |
| 2003 | *Dhool* | | Swapna | Nominated - Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress – Tamil |  |
| | *Jaal: The Trap* | Anita Choudhary | Hindi |  |  |
| | *Veede* | Swapna | Telugu | Remake of *Dhool* |
 |
| | *Neetho Vastha* | | Asha |  |  |
| | *Jodi Kya Banayi Wah Wah Ramji* | Priyanka | Hindi |  |  |
| | *Jay Jay* | Herself | Tamil | Special appearance in song "May Maasam" |  |
| | *Enakku 20 Unakku 18* | | Priyanka | Guest appearance; Bilingual film |  |
| | | | | *Nee Manasu Naaku Telusu* | Telugu |
| 2004 | | *Anji* | Herself | Special appearance in song "Mirapakaya Bajji" |  |
| | *Aan: Men at Work* | | Hindi | Special appearance in song "Jugnu Ki Payal Bandhi Hai" |  |
| | *Iti Srikanta* | Rajlakshmi | Bengali | Bengali Debut |
 |
| | *Chellamae* | Mythili | Tamil | Nominated - Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Tamil |  |
| | *Giri* | | Priya |  |  |
| 2005 | *News* | Pooja | Kannada | Kannada debut |  |
| 2006 | *Malamaal Weekly* | Sukmani | Hindi |  |  |
| | *Bangaram* | Reporter | Telugu |  |
 |
| | *Thimiru* | Srimathy | Tamil |  |
 |
| | *Vallavan* | | Geetha |  |

 |
| | *Rendu* | | Velli |  |  |
| 2007 | *Yamagola Malli Modalayindi* | Vaijayanti | Telugu |  |  |
| 2009 | *Chal Chala Chal* | Payal | Hindi |  |  |
| 2010 | *Aayirathil Oruvan* | Anitha Pandian | Tamil | Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards for Best Villain — Female
Nominated - Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Tamil
Nominated - Vijay Award for Best Actress
Nominated - Vijay Award for Best Villain |  |
| | *Aakrosh* | Jhamunia | Hindi |  |  |
| 2011 | *Mugguru* | Balatripura Sundari | Telugu |  |  |
| | *Rajapattai* | Herself | Tamil | Special appearance in song "Rendu Laddu" |
 |
| 2012 | *Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 1* | Durga | Hindi |  |

 |
| | *Gangs of Wasseypur – Part 2* | | | | |
| | *Sattam Oru Iruttarai* | Kausalya Raman | Tamil |  |
 |

## InfoBox

| Reema Sen | |
| --- | --- |
| Sen in early 2000s | |
| Born | (1981-10-29) 29 October 1981
Kolkata, West Bengal, India |
| Other names | Hema |
| Education | St Thomas School, Kolkata |
| Occupations |  |
| Years active | 2000–2012 |
| Spouse | Shiv Karan Singh (m. 2012) |
| Children | 1 |


abstract:
Unemployment Indemnity (Shipwreck) Convention, 1920 is an International Labour Organization Convention. It was established in 1920:
Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the "supervision of articles of agreement; provision of facilities for finding employment for seamen; application to seamen of the Convention and Recommendations adopted at Washington in November last in regard to unemployment and unemployment insurance",...

text:
# Unemployment Indemnity (Shipwreck) Convention, 1920

**Unemployment Indemnity (Shipwreck) Convention, 1920** is an International Labour Organization Convention.

It was established in 1920:

> Having decided upon the adoption of certain proposals with regard to the "supervision of articles of agreement; provision of facilities for finding employment for seamen; application to seamen of the Convention and Recommendations adopted at Washington in November last in regard to unemployment and unemployment insurance",...

## Ratifications

As of 2013, the convention has been ratified by 60 states. Of the ratifying states, 45 have subsequently denounced the treaty automatically.

## InfoBox

Unemployment Indemnity (Shipwreck) Convention, 1920
| C8 | |
| --- | --- |
| ILO Convention | |
| Date of adoption | July 9, 1920 |
| Date in force | March 16, 1923 |
| Classification | Social Security |
| Subject | Seafarers |
| Previous | Minimum Age (Sea) Convention, 1920 |
| Next | Placing of Seamen Convention, 1920 |


title: Pertang (state constituency)

abstract: Pertang is a state constituency in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly. It has been represented by Senior Member of the State Executive Council (EXCO) Jalaluddin Alias since 2023 and from 2013 to 2018. The state constituency was first contested in 1959 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.

text:
# Pertang (state constituency)

**Pertang** is a state constituency in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly. It has been represented by Senior Member of the State Executive Council (EXCO) Jalaluddin Alias since 2023 and from 2013 to 2018.

The state constituency was first contested in 1959 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.

## Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Pertang's electorate as of 2023

Malay (65.50%)  Chinese (19.96%)  Other ethnicities (7.87%)  Indian (6.68%)

## History

### Polling Districts

According to the *Gazette* issued on 17 July 2023, the Pertang constituency has a total of 8 polling districts.

| State Constituency | Polling Districts | Code | Location |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Pertang (N02) | Jerang | 126/02/01 | Balai Raya Kampung Jerang |
| | Kampong Lakal | 126/02/02 | SK Putra |
| | Pasoh 4 | 126/02/03 | SK (FELDA) Pasoh 4 |
| | Pasoh 1 | 126/02/04 | SK Pasoh Satu |
| | Simpang Pertang | 126/02/05 | SJK (C) Simpang Pertang |
| | Kampong Petaseh | 126/02/06 | SK Petaseh |
| | Pertang | 126/02/07 | SJK (C) Kg. Baru Pertang |
| | Kampong Gelang | 126/02/08 | SK Gelang Terusan |

### Representation History

| Members of Assembly for Pertang | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Assembly | Years | Name | Party |
| *Constituency created* | | | |
| 1st | 1959-1964 | Aminuddin Abdul Manap | **Independent** |
| 2nd | 1964-1969 | | **Alliance** (**UMNO**) |
|  | 1969-1971 | Assembly was dissolved | |
| 3rd | 1971-1974 | Aminuddin Abdul Manap | **Alliance** (**UMNO**) |
| 4th | 1974-1978 | | **BN** (**UMNO**) |
| 5th | 1978-1982 | | Rais Yatim |
| 6th | 1982-1986 | | Abdul Kadir Kassim |
| 7th | 1986-1990 | |
| 8th | 1990-1995 | | Sharif Wahid |
| 9th | 1995-1999 | | Razak Mansor |
| 10th | 1999-2004 | |
| 11th | 2004-2008 | |
| 12th | 2008-2013 | |
| 13th | 2013-2018 | | Jalaluddin Alias |
| 14th | 2018-2023 | | Noor Azmi Yusuf |
| 15th | 2023–present | | Jalaluddin Alias |

## Election results

Negeri Sembilan state election, 2023
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | BN | Jalaluddin Alias | 5,634 | 66.45 | 17.45 |
|  | PN | Amiruddin Hassan | 2,844 | 33.55 | 33.55 |
| Total valid votes | | | 8,478 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 83 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 11 |
| Turnout | | | 8,572 | 66.47 | 14.22 |
| Registered electors | | | 12,897 |
| Majority | | | 2,790 | 32.90 | 27.83 |
|  | BN **hold** | | Swing | |  |
|  | | | | | | |

Negeri Sembilan state election, 2018
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | BN | Noor Azmi Yusof | 4,008 | 49.00 | 14.49 |
|  | PH | Osman Mohd Dusa | 3,593 | 43.93 | 43.93 |
|  | PAS | Hamran Abu Hassan | 578 | 7.07 | 7.07 |
| Total valid votes | | | 8,179 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 176 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 37 |
| Turnout | | | 8,392 | 80.69 | 2.71 |
| Registered electors | | | 10,400 |
| Majority | | | 415 | 5.07 | 21.91 |
|  | BN **hold** | | Swing | |  |
| Source(s) | | | | | | |

Negeri Sembilan state election, 2013
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | BN | Jalaluddin Alias | 5,090 | 63.49 | 3.77 |
|  | PKR | Muhamad Syamwill Mertadza | 2,927 | 36.51 | 3.77 |
| Total valid votes | | | 8,017 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 123 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 0 |
| Turnout | | | 8,140 | 83.40 | 5.62 |
| Registered electors | | | 9,760 |
| Majority | | | 2,163 | 26.98 | 7.54 |
|  | BN **hold** | | Swing | |  |
| Source(s) | | | | | | |

Negeri Sembilan state election, 2008
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | BN | Abdul Razak Mansor | 3,887 | 67.26 | 28.71 |
|  | PKR | Halim A Aziz | 1,892 | 32.74 | 28.71 |
| Total valid votes | | | 5,779 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 198 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 53 |
| Turnout | | | 6,030 | 77.78 | 5.16 |
| Registered electors | | | 8,173 |
| Majority | | | 1,995 | 34.52 | 2.58 |
|  | BN **hold** | | Swing | |  |

Negeri Sembilan state election, 2004
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | BN | Abdul Razak Mansor | 3,874 | 68.55 |
|  | PKR | Mohd Shahrir Zakaria | 1,780 | 31.45 |
| Total valid votes | | | 5,654 | 100.00 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 172 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 0 |
| Turnout | | | 5,826 | 72.62 |
| Registered electors | | | 8,023 |
| Majority | | | 2,094 | 37.10 |
|  | BN **hold** | | Swing | |  |

* "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya". *Election Commission of Malaysia*. Archived from the original on 2016-04-24. Retrieved 2016-04-27.

## InfoBox

Pertang (N02)
| Negeri Sembilan constituency | |
| --- | --- |
| State constituency | |
| Legislature | Negeri Sembilan State Legislative Assembly |
| MLA |
     Jalaluddin Alias
BN |
| Constituency created | 1959 |
| First contested | 1959 |
| Last contested | 2023 |
| Demographics | |
| Electors (2023) | 12,897 |


title: Woodnut S. Burr

abstract: Woodnut Conwell Stilwell Burr was an advocate for women's suffrage in the United States.

text:
# Woodnut S. Burr

**Woodnut Conwell Stilwell Burr** (August 28, 1861 – December 19, 1952) was an advocate for women's suffrage in the United States.

## Early life

Woodnut Conwell Stilwell Burr was born on August 28, 1861, in Anderson, Indiana, the daughter of Thomas Neel Stilwell (1830–1874) and Winifred Stilwell.

## Career

## Personal life

Woodnut S. Burr moved to California in 1911 and lived at 11 Peralta St., Los Gatos, California. She married Chauncey S. Burr (1840–1905) and had four children: Chauncey Stilwell Burr (1885–1964), Mrs. Fred Tusler, Mrs. N. J. Lennes, Mary Winifred Burr (1883–1912).

She died on December 19, 1952, in Santa Clara, California.

## InfoBox

| Woodnut S. Burr | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Woodnut Conwell Stilwell
(1861-08-28)August 28, 1861
Anderson, Indiana, U.S. |
| Died | December 19, 1952(1952-12-19) (aged 91)
Santa Clara, California, U.S. |
| Occupation | Women's suffrage advocate |
|  | |


title: List of Occult Academy episodes

abstract: Occult Academy Occult Academy is a Japanese anime television series produced by A-1 Pictures and Aniplex and directed by Tomohiko Ito. The 13-episode anime premiered in Japan on the TV Tokyo television network on July 6, 2010 and the final episode aired on September 27, 2010. Occult Academy is the third project of Anime no Chikara. It was simulcasted by Crunchyroll an hour after the Japanese broadcast. A series of DVD/Blu-ray releases are made over six volumes. Volumes one through five each contain two episodes from the series and comes with extras, such as bonus songs sung by various voice actors for the characters. The final volume covers the last three episodes There are also four spinoff episodes, the first of which is included with the second volume. The series' opening theme is the song "Flying Humanoid" sung by Shoko Nakagawa, and its ending theme is "Kimi ga Iru Basho" sung by Ayahi Takagaki.

text:
# List of Occult Academy episodes

***Occult Academy*** (世紀末オカルト学院, *Seikimatsu Okaruto Gakuin*) is a Japanese anime television series produced by A-1 Pictures and Aniplex and directed by Tomohiko Ito. The 13-episode anime premiered in Japan on the TV Tokyo television network on July 6, 2010 and the final episode aired on September 27, 2010. *Occult Academy* is the third project of *Anime no Chikara*. It was simulcasted by Crunchyroll an hour after the Japanese broadcast. A series of DVD/Blu-ray releases are made over six volumes. Volumes one through five each contain two episodes from the series and comes with extras, such as bonus songs sung by various voice actors for the characters. The final volume covers the last three episodes There are also four spinoff episodes, the first of which is included with the second volume.

The series' opening theme is the song "Flying Humanoid" (フライングヒューマノイド, *Furaingu Hyūmanoido*) sung by Shoko Nakagawa, and its ending theme is "Kimi ga Iru Basho" (君がいる場所, "Where You Are") sung by Ayahi Takagaki.

## Synopsis

Set in the year of 1999, the story revolves around the mysteries of the Waldstein Academy also known as the "Occult Academy" due to its unorthodox researches involving myths, legends and paranormal activity. The main protagonists are Maya Kumashiro, daughter of the late principal of the Academy who assumes his position and Fumiaki Uchida, a time traveler sent from the year 2012 with the mission of finding and destroying the "Nostradamus Key", an unknown item that the Nostradamus Prophecies foretold to be the cause of an alien invasion that will devastate Earth.

## List of episodes

| # | Episode title | Original air date |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 01 | "MAYA's Prophecy"
Transliteration: "Maya no Yogen" (Japanese: マヤの予言) | July 5, 2010 (2010-07-05) |
| In 1999, Maya Kumashiro attends the funeral of her late father, the principal of Waldstein Academy when a recording left by him summons a demon that starts attacking the students, leaving her with no option but to confront it. | | | |
| 02 | "The advent of BUNMEI"
Transliteration: "Bunmei no Tōrai" (Japanese: 文明の到来) | July 12, 2010 (2010-07-12) |
| Maya successfully assumes her father's place as the academy's headmistress. She later meets Fumiaki Uchida whom makes his appearance from the future. | | | |
| 03 | "MIKAZE blows through"
Transliteration: "Umashi Kaze, Fukinukete" (Japanese: 美し風、吹きぬけて) | July 19, 2010 (2010-07-19) |
| Having no luck in finding the Nostradamus Key, Bunmei meets Mikaze Nakagawa at the diner she works in. Meanwhile, people are mysteriously disappearing around the city. | | | |
| 04 | "The collapse of BUNMEI"
Transliteration: "Bunmei no Hōkai" (Japanese: 文明の崩壊) | July 26, 2010 (2010-07-26) |
| Maya and Bunmei discover the cause behind the disappearances and must escape from a nest of Mothmen. | | | |
| 05 | "The KOZUE of summer"
Transliteration: "Natsu no Kozue" (Japanese: 夏のこずえ) | August 2, 2010 (2010-08-02) |
| During an in-class demonstration, Kozue volunteers herself into an experiment involving Near death experience but part of herself is left in the afterlife. | | | |
| 06 | "BUNMEI's distance"
Transliteration: "Bunmei no Michinori" (Japanese: 文明の道程) | August 9, 2010 (2010-08-09) |
| Kozue's other self becomes trapped in the afterlife. To rescue her, Bunmei delves into the afterlife, although he inadvertently reveals fragments of his past to everyone in the lab. | | | |
| 07 | "MAYA's amigo"
Transliteration: "Maya no Amīgo" (Japanese: マヤの亜美～ゴ) | August 16, 2010 (2010-08-16) |
| While investigating a crop circle that mysteriously appeared in the outskirts of the city, Maya discovers that it is a prank orchestrated by the Ami's father, whom wants to have Maya regain her lost passion for the occult. | | | |
| 08 | "Mamma AMI~ya!"
Transliteration: "Manma Amīya!" (Japanese: まんま亜美～ヤ！) | August 23, 2010 (2010-08-23) |
| Maya and Ami relationship becomes estranged since the incident with Ami's father. Before they have a chance to make up, Ami is kidnapped by a pack of chupacabra and Maya gathers all help she can in order to save her. | | | |
| 09 | "AKARI of snow"
Transliteration: "Yuki no Akari" (Japanese: 雪のあかり) | August 30, 2010 (2010-08-30) |
| The spirit of a Akari, a deceased child, is accidentally summoned during a séance at the academy and Maya decides to find a way to have her finally rest in peace with the help of her friends. | | | |
| 10 | "AKARI of fireplace"
Transliteration: "Danro no Akari" (Japanese: 暖炉のあかり) | September 6, 2010 (2010-09-06) |
| Maya and her friends decide to have a Christmas party to fulfill Akari's last wish. While seeing her old house being torn down, Maya realizes the reason why her father built the Occult Academy. | | | |
| 11 | "MAYA's death"
Transliteration: "Maya no shi" (Japanese: マヤの死) | September 13, 2010 (2010-09-13) |
| Mikaze tries to convince Bunmei in a Cult ceremony that Maya is actually the Key of Nostradamus and asks his help to separate Maya from her spellbook, but he ends up warning Maya about Mikaze's intentions instead. Maya fakes her own death with Chihiro's help to dissuade the enemy, but Bunmei leads Mikaze to them. Mikaze is revealed to be a Black Mage and she takes the spellbook and burns it. She immobilizes Bunmei with a spell, while, with Chihiro's help, Maya and the others escape with Mikaze behind their back. Chihiro tries to get Maya away from the village, but their plans are thwarted by Mikaze's brainwashed cultists. Mikaze confronts them and Chihiro has no other choice than to battle her. Chihiro is revealed to be a White Mage. | | | |
| 12 | "A thousand wind, the search for beauty"
Transliteration: "Sen no Kaze, Bi no Tomeyuki" (Japanese: 千の風、美の尋めゆき) | September 20, 2010 (2010-09-20) |
| Chihiro battles Mikaze to protect Maya but she ends up being defeated by Mikaze.It is revealed that Mikaze was behind all the strange incidents in the village, having summoned the Mothmen and the Chupacabras With her last ounce of strength, she frees Bunmei from the spell he was put in. Maya is helped by Chihiro's assistant in the form of a flying jaguar. Mikaze manages to get a direct hit and Maya and her guardian plummets and crash at the roof of the Occult Academy. Bunmei reaches Maya in time and reveals that the true spellbook wasn't destroyed, but was only a decoy to fool Mikaze. Mikaze is shocked and tries to kill Bunmei with her Black Magic. Maya snaps a picture of them fighting only to realize that it was the Key of Nostradamus. Bunmei resists her spell and reads aloud the chant to seal all beings of darkness from the area. Maya repeats after him and Mikaze disappears in a brilliant flash of light along with all the other monster and anomalies of the village. The town returns to normal and Maya and Bunmei, having thought that they destroyed the Nostradamus' Key, enjoy once again peace. | | | |
| 13 | "MAYA's BUNMEI"
Transliteration: "Maya no Bunmei" (Japanese: マヤの文明) | September 27, 2010 (2010-09-27) |
| Mikaze is defeated, but Bunmei finds that the future is still unaltered. Maya invited Fumiaki, Bunmei's younger self to the year-end ceremonies. Bunmei contacts the future and is told that meeting his younger self might be the True Nostradamus Key.
Maya cancels the opening, evoking Fumiaki's mother's rage. Fumiaki wanders off alone to Occult Academy, while his mother searches frantically for him. Before Bunmei's departure, Bunmei encounters his younger self and a rift in the fabric of time occurs.Fumiaki tries to fight the aliens, but is quickly cast aside. Bunmei grabs the spoon his mother placed in Fumiaki's pocket and regains his Psychokinetic Abilities. He fights the aliens on his own and enters the rift to close it, but not before telling Maya to take care of his younger self. The Rift disappears and Maya and Fumiaki walk off into the distance. In the future, Maya's father, who was revealed to be still alive and commander of the Alien Resistance, finds that the world has changed. He returns to his home, while Curry, Bunmei's favorite dish, is being served. | | | |


title: Martin Knutson

abstract: Martin A. "Marty" Knutson served as Director of Flight Operations for NASA's Ames Research Center at Moffett Field, CA, and also as site manager of the Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility at Edwards Air Force Base in CA, at that time a satellite facility of Ames, from May 1984 through late 1990. Born in St. Louis Park, he attended the University of Minnesota, majoring in electrical engineering. Knutson joined the U.S. Navy, before transferring to the Air Force as an aviation cadet in 1950. Following service in Korea and participation in developmental testing and operational missions in the F-84 and F-86, he was recruited to fly the U-2 reconnaissance aircraft for the Central Intelligence Agency in 1955. He was assigned to Det A, the first U-2 detachment to deploy operationally. On July 9, 1956 he flew the third overflight of the USSR, Mission 2020 in a U-2A. The sortie from Wiesbaden took him over Berlin, Riga, Kaunas, Vilnius and Minsk. After re-assignment to Det B he flew Operation TOUCHDOWN, the 20th Soviet overflight, exactly three years later,. This mission was launched from Peshawar, Pakistan and landed nine hours later in the Iranian desert. He retired from the USAF in 1970. Knutson joined NASA in 1971 as manager of U-2 flight operations at Ames and was one of several pilots who flew the aircraft on Earth resources science missions. He later flew the ER-2, an updated model of the U-2 that remains in service at NASA Dryden today. During Knutson's six years at Dryden he maintained the facility at operational readiness for Space Shuttle landings and replaced Dryden's aging fleet of F-104 support aircraft with F/A-18 Hornets. He also provided leadership for numerous flight research projects including the X-29 forward-swept-wing technology demonstrator; the Controlled Impact Demonstration, the F-15 Digital Electronic Engine Control project that integrated propulsion and flight controls, the Pegasus air-launched rocket for placing small payloads into low Earth orbit; the CV-990 Landing Systems Research aircraft that tested improved braking systems for the Space Shuttle; and the F-18 High Alpha Research Vehicle. After the Air Force announced the impending retirement of the SR-71 Blackbird, Knutson successfully sought to acquire three of the airplanes for Dryden. In late 1990 he returned to Ames where he served as chief of flight operations until his retirement in 1997. His awards include the Meritorious Service Medal and the Distinguished Flying Cross, both from the Air Force, NASA's Outstanding Leadership Award, and the Presidential Rank of Meritorious Executive. He was an Associate Fellow of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots and a charter member of the federal government's Senior Executive Service.  This article incorporates public domain material from Yvonne Gibbs. NASA Dryden Center Director Biography: Martin A. Knutson. National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

text:
# Martin Knutson

**Martin A. "Marty" Knutson** (May 31, 1930 - December 11, 2013) served as Director of Flight Operations for NASA's Ames Research Center at Moffett Field, CA, and also as site manager of the Ames-Dryden Flight Research Facility at Edwards Air Force Base in CA, at that time a satellite facility of Ames, from May 1984 through late 1990.

Born in St. Louis Park, he attended the University of Minnesota, majoring in electrical engineering. Knutson joined the U.S. Navy, before transferring to the Air Force as an aviation cadet in 1950. Following service in Korea and participation in developmental testing and operational missions in the F-84 and F-86, he was recruited to fly the U-2 reconnaissance aircraft for the Central Intelligence Agency in 1955. He was assigned to Det A, the first U-2 detachment to deploy operationally.

On July 9, 1956 he flew the third overflight of the USSR, Mission 2020 in a U-2A. The sortie from Wiesbaden took him over Berlin, Riga, Kaunas, Vilnius and Minsk. After re-assignment to Det B he flew Operation TOUCHDOWN, the 20th Soviet overflight, exactly three years later, (also in a U-2A). This mission was launched from Peshawar, Pakistan and landed nine hours later in the Iranian desert. He retired from the USAF in 1970.

Knutson joined NASA in 1971 as manager of U-2 flight operations at Ames and was one of several pilots who flew the aircraft on Earth resources science missions. He later flew the ER-2, an updated model of the U-2 that remains in service at NASA Dryden today.

During Knutson's six years at Dryden he maintained the facility at operational readiness for Space Shuttle landings and replaced Dryden's aging fleet of F-104 support aircraft with F/A-18 Hornets. He also provided leadership for numerous flight research projects including the X-29 forward-swept-wing technology demonstrator; the Controlled Impact Demonstration, the F-15 Digital Electronic Engine Control project that integrated propulsion and flight controls, the Pegasus air-launched rocket for placing small payloads into low Earth orbit; the CV-990 Landing Systems Research aircraft that tested improved braking systems for the Space Shuttle; and the F-18 High Alpha Research Vehicle.

After the Air Force announced the impending retirement of the SR-71 Blackbird, Knutson successfully sought to acquire three of the airplanes for Dryden. In late 1990 he returned to Ames where he served as chief of flight operations until his retirement in 1997.

His awards include the Meritorious Service Medal and the Distinguished Flying Cross, both from the Air Force, NASA's Outstanding Leadership Award, and the Presidential Rank of Meritorious Executive. He was an Associate Fellow of the Society of Experimental Test Pilots and a charter member of the federal government's Senior Executive Service.

This article incorporates public domain material from Yvonne Gibbs. *NASA Dryden Center Director Biography: Martin A. Knutson*. National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

1. "Obituary: Marty Knutson flew U-2 spy planes over Russia". *Star Tribune*. Retrieved 2018-04-14.
2. "Martin Knutson 1930-2013" (PDF). 2014.

NASA Dryden Center Director Biography: Martin A. Knutson


title: William A. Harrison

abstract: William Alexander Harrison was a Virginia lawyer, judge and politician who helped found the state of West Virginia. He represented Harrison County, Virginia in the Virginia House of Delegates for three successive terms before the American Civil War and strongly opposed Virginia's secession. He helped form the new state of West Virginia and served as a circuit court judge during the American Civil War before winning election as one of the first judges of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia.

text:
# William A. Harrison

**William Alexander Harrison** (August 17, 1795 – December 31, 1870) was a Virginia lawyer, judge and politician who helped found the state of West Virginia. He represented Harrison County, Virginia in the Virginia House of Delegates for three successive terms before the American Civil War and strongly opposed Virginia's secession. He helped form the new state of West Virginia and served as a circuit court judge during the American Civil War before winning election as one of the first judges of the Supreme Court of Appeals of West Virginia.

## Early life

Harrison was born in Prince William County, Virginia, to Matthew Harrison, a merchant and inspector of tobacco, and his second wife, the former Eleanor Tyler Winn. He was descended from the First Families of Virginia. His grandfather, Capt. Burr Harrison, had been a patriot during the American Revolutionary War, and represented Prince William County, Virginia in the Virginia General Assembly in 1778 and 1779. Although his father died when William was very young, the family included elder sisters Eleanor Harrison Hale (1788-1849) and Ann Tyler Harrison Safford (1787–1876), as well as elder brothers Gustavus Adolphus Harrison (1792-1848) and Frederick Tyler Harrison (1793-1878). An elder half-brother, Joseph Harrison (1771-1869) moved across the Appalachian Mountains to Hardy in Mineral County well before the Civil War. Despite his father's death, William received a private education suitable to his class, then traveled westward to Winchester in Frederick County, Virginia, where he read law with his brother-in-law Obed Waite.

## Career

After admission to the Virginia bar, Harrison crossed the Appalachian Mountains and began his legal practice in Parkersburg in 1819, where Judge Daniel Smith found him qualified. He may also have practiced in Marietta, Ohio across the Ohio River. In 1821, Harrison moved to Clarksburg, the center of that Virginia judicial circuit. In 1823, Harrison became an assistant U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Virginia and traveled on horseback back across the Appalachians to Wythe County, Virginia each year, until a court of appeals was founded in Lewisburg in Greenbrier County.

After his federal post ended, Harrison had a private legal practice, as well as represented (part time) Harrison County for three terms in the Virginia House of Delegates at various times alongside legislative veterans Daniel Kincheloe, Wilson K. Shinn and Jessee Flowers. Harrison's legislative service ended when he became the Harrison County Commonwealth attorney. In 1841, Harrison attended a convention at his Clarksburg Presbyterian church presided over by his fellow lawyer George Hay Lee (to which sixteen Virginia counties sent representatives), which sought to convince the Virginia General Assembly to fund free public schools (like in Ohio), although such would become a reality only after the Civil War.

Harrison opposed secession and attended a peace conference in Washington D.C. in February 1861, which convinced him that many secessionists were motivated by a lust for power and self-aggrandizement. When Virginia seceded, Gideon D. Camden, the local judge since 1855 (who had previously represented Lewis County in the House of Delegates in 1825, then Harrison and five adjacent counties in the 1850 Constitutional Convention) sided with the secessionists and would be elected to the First Confederate Congress (though he did not serve), and his son Gideon D. Camden Jr. may have organized a Confederate infantry unit.

In the fall of 1861, Harrison succeeded Camden by winning election as judge for the 21st circuit. The Wheeling Convention later appointed Harrison a member of the Governor's Council, where he helped establish the new state's justice system. His son Thomas Willoughby Harrison would become of member of the new state's first constitutional convention. As West Virginia became a state in its own right, the Union Convention nominated Harrison as one of the first three judges of the new Supreme Court of Appeals. On June 20, 1863, as the eldest member of the new court, Judge Harrison led his fellow appeals judges draw lots as to term length. Berkshire drew the shortest term of office, four years, but was also chosen to lead the body. Edwin Maxwell, a fellow Republican from Harrison County defeated Berkshire in 1866. In July 1868, Harrison announced his retirement from the bench, intending for this to take effect on January 1, 1869, though he ultimately left the court on September 1, 1868, due to poor health. Berkshire was appointed to serve the rest of his term, thus maintaining the court's geographic diversity.

## Personal life

On November 19, 1823, Harrison married Anna Mayburry, whose family had long operated iron furnaces in Pennsylvania and Maryland before moving to Clarksburg, where her father ran a hotel on what became the site of the Harrison County courthouse and would later operate a furnace in Rockingham County, Virginia before his death. They would have 11 children: Thomas Willoughby Harrison (1824-1910), Matthew Waite Harrison (1826-1916), Frederick Jones Harrison (1828-1829), Charles Tyler Harrison (1830-1914), William Gustavus Harrison (1832-1902), Mayburry M. Harrison (1834-1893), Susan Ellen Harrison (1836-1887), Elizabeth Jones Harrison (1838-1917), Llewellyn Cuthbert Harrison (1840-1861), Sarah Jane "Sallie" Harrison (1842-?) and Anna Rebecca Harrison (1844-1924). William Harrison's never-married elder brother Frederick T. Harrison (1793-1878) lived with the family for 63 years, including after the death of their mother in Clarksburg.

## Death and legacy

William A. Harrison died at his home in Clarksburg on New Year's Eve, 1870, at the age of 75. His son Thomas Willoughby Harrison (1824-1910) had become Harrison County's first West Virginia circuit judge, and served until after adoption of the state's new constitution in 1872, after which Democrats replaced Republicans like the Harrisons, although his grandson S.W. Harrison would later become Clerk of the U.S. Circuit Court.

## InfoBox

| William Alexander Harrison | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the Virginia House of Delegates from Harrison County | |
| **In office**
December 7, 1835  January 6, 1839Serving with Daniel Kincheloe, Wilson K. Shinn, Jessee Flowers | |
| Preceded by | Wilson K. Shinn |
| Succeeded by | Edward J. Armstrong |
| Circuit Judge of Virginia's 21st circuit | |
| **In office**
Fall 1861  June 20, 1863 | |
| Preceded by | Gideon D. Camden |
| Succeeded by | position abolished |
| Judge West Virginia Court of Appeals | |
| **In office**
June 20, 1863  September 1, 1868 | |
| Preceded by | n/a |
| Succeeded by | Ralph Lazier Berkshire |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1795-08-17)August 17, 1795
Dumfries, Virginia, US |
| Died | December 31, 1870(1870-12-31) (aged 75)
Clarksburg, West Virginia, US |
| Resting place | Odd Fellows Cemetery, Clarksburg, West Virginia |
| Political party | Republican |
| Profession | Politician, lawyer, judge |
|  | |


title: Rediu (Dobrovăț)

abstract: The Rediu is a right tributary of the river Dobrovăț in Romania. It flows into the Dobrovăț in Codăești. Its length is 21 km (13 mi) and its basin size is 85 km⁲ (33 sq mi). The Rediu and Tăcuta dams are located on this river.

text:
# Rediu (Dobrovăț)

The **Rediu** is a right tributary of the river Dobrovăț in Romania. It flows into the Dobrovăț in Codăești. Its length is 21 km (13 mi) and its basin size is 85 km2 (33 sq mi). The Rediu and Tăcuta dams are located on this river.

## InfoBox

| Rediu | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Romania |
| Counties | Iași, Vaslui |
| Villages | Protopopești, Tăcuta, Rediu Galian |
| Physical characteristics | |
| Mouth | Dobrovăț |
| location | Codăești |
| coordinates | 46°52′19″N 27°46′04″E / 46.8719°N 27.7678°E / 46.8719; 27.7678 |
| Length | 21 km (13 mi) |
| Basin size | 85 km2 (33 sq mi) |
| Basin features | |
| Progression | DobrovățVasluiBârladSiretDanubeBlack Sea |


title: Marie Brockmann-Jerosch

abstract: Dr. Marie Charlotte Brockmann-Jerosch was a Swiss botanist noted for her influential research on alpine flora and phylogeography. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Zurich in 1905. She was married to Heinrich Brockmann-Jerosch, and in 1913 they both joined the second International Phytogeographic Excursion, a two-month tour of by international scientists of North American biogeography, exploring New York, Illinois, Michigan, Nebraska, and Colorado.

text:
# Marie Brockmann-Jerosch

**Dr. Marie Charlotte Brockmann-Jerosch** (b. 24 April 1877, Lisbon, d. 14 November 1952, Zürich) was a Swiss botanist noted for her influential research on alpine flora and phylogeography. She received her Ph.D. from the University of Zurich in 1905. She was married to Heinrich Brockmann-Jerosch, and in 1913 they both joined the second International Phytogeographic Excursion, a two-month tour of by international scientists of North American biogeography, exploring New York, Illinois, Michigan, Nebraska, and Colorado.

## Works

* Brockmann-Jerosch, Marie Charlotte (1903). *Geschichte und Herkunft der schweizerischen Alpenflora. Eine Übersicht über den gegenwärtigen Stand der Frage* (in German). W. Engelmann. OCLC 4962283.
* Schröter, Carl; Brockmann-Jerosch, H; Brockmann-Jerosch, Marie Charlotte; Günthart, August; Huber-Pestalozzi, Gottfried (1926). *Das Pflanzenleben der Alpen. Eine Schilderung der Hochgebirgsflora* (in German). A. Raustein. OCLC 4960282.
* Brockmann-Jerosch, Marie Charlotte; Heim, Albert (1952). *Albert Heim; Leben und Forschung* (in German). Wepf. OCLC 3622721.
* Heim, Albert; Brockmann-Jerosch, Marie Charlotte; Heim, Arnold; Blumer, Ernst (1905). *Das Säntisgebirge* (in German). In Kommission bei A. Francke (vorm. Schmid & Francke). OCLC 693194965.
* Brockmann-Jerosch, H; Brockmann-Jerosch, Marie (1925). *Jamaika* (in German). G. Fischer. OCLC 19993797.
* Jerosch, Marie Ch (1904). *Die Querstörungen im mittleren Teil des Säntisgebirges* (in German). OCLC 55231548.
* Brockmann-Jerosch, H; Brockmann-Jerosch, Marie (1910). *Die fossilen pflanzenreste des glazialen delta bei Kaltbrunn (bei Uznach, Kanton St. Gallen) und deren bedeutung für die auffassung des wesens der eiszeit ...* (in German). In kommission bei der Fehr'schen buchhandlung. OCLC 34050270.
* Brockmann-Jerosch, H; Brockmann-Jerosch, Marie Charlotte (1910). *Die natürlichen Wälder der Schweiz* (in German). Druck von Zürcher & Furrer. OCLC 19259966.

## InfoBox

| Dr. Marie Charlotte Brockmann-Jerosch | |
| --- | --- |
| Marie Brockmann-Jerosch around 1901 | |
| Born | (1877-04-24)April 24, 1877
Lisbon |
| Died | November 14, 1952(1952-11-14) (aged 75)
Zürich |
| Occupation | botanist |
| Known for | phylogeography |
|  | |
| Academic background | |
| Alma mater | University of Zürich |
|  | |


title: Mali national cricket team

abstract: The Mali national cricket team is the team that represents Mali in international cricket. The Malian Cricket Federation (FCM) became an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 2005 and an associate member in 2017.

text:
# Mali national cricket team

The **Mali national cricket team** is the team that represents Mali in international cricket. The Malian Cricket Federation (FCM) became an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) in 2005 and an associate member in 2017.

## History

In April 2018, the ICC decided to grant full Twenty20 International (T20I) status to all its members. Therefore, all Twenty20 matches played between Mali and other ICC members after 1 January 2019 have the T20I status.

Mali made their T20I debut at the 2022–23 ICC Men's T20 World Cup Africa Qualifier. Playing in the Qualifier A group, they failed to win any matches. Out of their 7 matches, they lost 5, with the other two ending with no-result.

## Records and statistics

**International Match Summary — Mali**

*Last updated 26 September 2024*

| **Playing Record** | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Format | M | W | L | T | NR | Inaugural Match |
| Twenty20 Internationals | 15 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 2 | 17 November 2022 |

### Twenty20 International

**T20I record versus other nations**

*Records complete to T20I #2866. Last updated 26 September 2024.*

| Opponent | M | W | L | T | NR | First match | First win |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **vs Associate Members** | | | | | | | |
| Botswana | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 22 November 2022 |  |
| Cameroon | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 7 December 2023 |  |
| Ghana | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 26 September 2024 |  |
| Kenya | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 20 November 2022 |  |
| Lesotho | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 17 November 2022 |  |
| Malawi | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 21 November 2022 |  |
| Rwanda | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 24 November 2022 |  |
| Saint Helena | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 22 November 2022 |  |
| Seychelles | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 18 November 2022 |  |
| Sierra Leone | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 9 December 2023 |  |
| Tanzania | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 September 2024 |  |

## InfoBox

Mali
| Flag of the Malian Cricket Federation | |
| --- | --- |
| Association | Malian Cricket Federation |
| Personnel | |
| Captain | Cheick Amala Keita |
| International Cricket Council | |
| ICC status | Associate member (2017) <br>Affiliate member (2005) |
| ICC region | Africa |
| ICC Rankings **Current** **Best-ever**  T20I  83rd  83rd (1 May 2024) | |
| International cricket | |
| First international | v.  Seychelles at Accra, Ghana; 24 February 2011 |
| Twenty20 Internationals | |
| First T20I | v  Lesotho at IPRC Cricket Ground, Kigali; 17 November 2022 |
| Last T20I | v  Ghana at Gymkhana Club Ground, Dar es Salaam; 26 September 2024 |
| T20Is **Played** **Won/Lost**  Total  15  0/13 (0 ties, 2 no results)  This year  5  0/5 (0 ties, 0 no results) | |
| *As of 26 September 2024* | |


title: Peter Eckersley (TV producer)

abstract: Peter Eckersley was a British television producer. His television career began on Granada's Scene at 6.30 magazine programme, where Eckersley worked with his friend Michael Parkinson. Eckersley went on to become Head of Drama at Granada Television in the 1960s and 1970s. In the 1960s, he was also a writer and producer on Coronation Street. He wrote 62 episodes between April 1962 and November 1969. There he met and married one of its stars, Anne Reid, who played Valerie Barlow. He also produced the sitcom Nearest and Dearest with Hylda Baker and Jimmy Jewel. During the late 1970s, Eckersley spotted and developed a young comedian Victoria Wood, who went on to become one of the UK's most successful comedy stars. He produced the TV version of her play Talent and its sequel Nearly A Happy Ending, as well as the play Happy Since I Met You. He also produced the pilot of Wood and Walters, but died before the series was made. Wood cited him as her biggest influence. He died aged 45 in 1981, after suffering from cancer for two years. David Liddiment, ITV's former director of programmes said: "Peter Eckersley nurtured a new cadre of young northern writers who reflected the realities of post-war urban life for the first time....They were all to make television drama younger, sharper and closer to the experience of the mass audience."

text:
# Peter Eckersley (TV producer)

**Peter Eckersley** (7 April 1936 – 27 August 1981) was a British television producer. His television career began on Granada's *Scene at 6.30* magazine programme, where Eckersley worked with his friend Michael Parkinson. Eckersley went on to become Head of Drama at Granada Television in the 1960s and 1970s.

In the 1960s, he was also a writer and producer on *Coronation Street*. He wrote 62 episodes between April 1962 and November 1969. There he met and married one of its stars, Anne Reid, who played Valerie Barlow.

He also produced the sitcom *Nearest and Dearest* with Hylda Baker and Jimmy Jewel.

During the late 1970s, Eckersley spotted and developed a young comedian Victoria Wood, who went on to become one of the UK's most successful comedy stars. He produced the TV version of her play *Talent* and its sequel *Nearly A Happy Ending*, as well as the play *Happy Since I Met You* (also by Wood). He also produced the pilot of *Wood and Walters*, but died before the series was made. Wood cited him as her biggest influence.

He died aged 45 in 1981, after suffering from cancer for two years.

David Liddiment, ITV's former director of programmes said: "Peter Eckersley nurtured a new cadre of young northern writers who reflected the realities of post-war urban life for the first time....They were all to make television drama younger, sharper and closer to the experience of the mass audience."

## InfoBox

| Peter Eckersley | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1936-04-07)7 April 1936
Leigh, Lancashire, England |
| Died | 27 August 1981(1981-08-27) (aged 45)
Manchester, England |
| Occupation | television producer |
| Years active | 1960–1981 |
| Spouses | *   Eileen Wilson
(m. 1958; div. 1971) *   Anne Reid
(m. 1971) |
| Children | 2 |


title: Woodnesborough railway station

abstract: Woodnesborough railway station was a railway station on the East Kent Light Railway. It opened on 16 October 1916 and closed to passenger traffic after the last train on 30 October 1948. The station served the village of Woodnesborough. There was a 500-gallon water tank and a siding. A half mile long branch served Hammill Brick Works, built on the site of the aborted Hammill Colliery. Today the station site is now covered by industrial buildings.

text:
# Woodnesborough railway station

**Woodnesborough railway station** was a railway station on the East Kent Light Railway. It opened on 16 October 1916 and closed to passenger traffic after the last train on 30 October 1948. The station served the village of Woodnesborough. There was a 500-gallon water tank and a siding. A half mile long branch served Hammill Brick Works, built on the site of the aborted Hammill Colliery. Today the station site is now covered by industrial buildings.

| Preceding station |  | Disused railways |  | Following station |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Eastry |  | 16 October 1916 to
31 December 1947
East Kent Light Railway |  | Ash Town |
| Eastry |  | 1 January 1948 to
30 October 1948
Southern Region |  | Ash Town |

## Sources

* Vic Mitchell, Keith Smith (1989). *The East Kent Light Railway*. Midhurst, Sussex, UK: Middleton Press. ISBN 0-906520-61-4.

51°15′36″N 1°17′32″E / 51.2601°N 1.2923°E / 51.2601; 1.2923

## InfoBox

| Woodnesborough | |
| --- | --- |
| General information | |
| Location | Woodnesborough, Dover (district)
England |
| Grid reference | TR298564 |
| Platforms | 1 |
| Other information | |
| Status | Disused |
| History | |
| Original company | East Kent Light Railway |
| Post-grouping |  |
| Key dates | |
| 16 October 1916 | Opened |
| 1 November 1948 | Closed for passengers |
| 1 March 1951 | closed completely |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: List of LSU Tigers bowl games

abstract: The LSU Tigers football team represents Louisiana State University in the sport of American football. LSU has competed in 54 bowl games in its history, going 29–24–1 in NCAA sanctioned bowl games. The Tigers have played in at least one bowl game in every season since 2000; their streak of 20 bowl seasons is the fourth-longest active streak in the NCAA and second-longest in the Southeastern Conference.

text:
# List of LSU Tigers bowl games

The LSU Tigers football team represents Louisiana State University in the sport of American football. LSU has competed in 54 bowl games (with 53 being sanctioned by the NCAA) in its history, going 29–24–1 in NCAA sanctioned bowl games. The Tigers have played in at least one bowl game in every season since 2000; their streak of 20 bowl seasons is the fourth-longest active streak in the NCAA and second-longest in the Southeastern Conference.

## Bowl games

|
|  |
| Season | Date | Coach | Bowl | Opponent | Result |
| 1907 | December 25, 1907 | Edgar Wingard | Bacardi Bowl | Havana | **W** 56–0 |
| 1935 | January 1, 1936 | Bernie Moore | Sugar Bowl | TCU | L 2–3 |
| 1936 | January 1, 1937 | Bernie Moore | Sugar Bowl | Santa Clara | L 14–21 |
| 1937 | January 1, 1938 | Bernie Moore | Sugar Bowl | Santa Clara | L 0–6 |
| 1943 | January 1, 1944 | Bernie Moore | Orange Bowl | Texas A&M | **W** 19–14 |
| 1946 | January 1, 1947 | Bernie Moore | Cotton Bowl Classic | Arkansas | **T** 0–0 |
| 1949 | January 2, 1950 | Gaynell Tinsley | Sugar Bowl | Oklahoma | L 0–35 |
| 1958 | January 1, 1959 | Paul Dietzel | Sugar Bowl | Clemson | **W** 7–0 |
| 1959 | January 1, 1960 | Paul Dietzel | Sugar Bowl | Ole Miss | L 0–21 |
| 1961 | January 1, 1962 | Paul Dietzel | Orange Bowl | Colorado | **W** 25–7 |
| 1962 | January 1, 1963 | Charles McClendon | Cotton Bowl Classic | Texas | **W** 13–0 |
| 1963 | December 21, 1963 | Charles McClendon | Bluebonnet Bowl | Baylor | L 7–14 |
| 1964 | January 1, 1965 | Charles McClendon | Sugar Bowl | Syracuse | **W** 13–10 |
| 1965 | January 1, 1966 | Charles McClendon | Cotton Bowl Classic | Arkansas | **W** 14–7 |
| 1967 | January 1, 1968 | Charles McClendon | Sugar Bowl | Wyoming | **W** 20–13 |
| 1968 | December 30, 1968 | Charles McClendon | Peach Bowl | Florida State | **W** 31–27 |
| 1970 | January 1, 1971 | Charles McClendon | Orange Bowl | Nebraska | L 12–17 |
| 1971 | December 18, 1971 | Charles McClendon | Sun Bowl | Iowa State | **W** 33–15 |
| 1972 | December 30, 1972 | Charles McClendon | Astro-Bluebonnet Bowl | Tennessee | L 17–24 |
| 1973 | January 1, 1974 | Charles McClendon | Orange Bowl | Penn State | L 9–16 |
| 1977 | December 31, 1977 | Charles McClendon | Sun Bowl | Stanford | L 14–24 |
| 1978 | December 23, 1978 | Charles McClendon | Liberty Bowl | Missouri | L 15–20 |
| 1979 | December 22, 1979 | Charles McClendon | Tangerine Bowl | Wake Forest | **W** 34–10 |
| 1982 | January 1, 1983 | Jerry Stovall | Orange Bowl | Nebraska | L 20–21 |
| 1984 | January 1, 1985 | Bill Arnsparger | Sugar Bowl | Nebraska | L 10–28 |
| 1985 | December 27, 1985 | Bill Arnsparger | Liberty Bowl | Baylor | L 7–21 |
| 1986 | January 1, 1987 | Bill Arnsparger | Sugar Bowl | Nebraska | L 15–30 |
| 1987 | December 31, 1987 | Mike Archer | Gator Bowl | South Carolina | **W** 30–13 |
| 1988 | January 2, 1989 | Mike Archer | Hall of Fame Bowl | Syracuse | L 10–23 |
| 1995 | December 29, 1995 | Gerry DiNardo | Independence Bowl | Michigan State | **W** 45–26 |
| 1996 | December 28, 1996 | Gerry DiNardo | Peach Bowl | Clemson | **W** 10–7 |
| 1997 | December 28, 1997 | Gerry DiNardo | Independence Bowl | Notre Dame | **W** 27–9 |
| 2000 | December 29, 2000 | Nick Saban | Peach Bowl | Georgia Tech | **W** 28–14 |
| 2001 | January 2, 2002 | Nick Saban | Sugar Bowl | Illinois | **W** 47–34 |
| 2002 | January 1, 2003 | Nick Saban | Cotton Bowl Classic | Texas | L 20–35 |
| 2003 | January 4, 2004 | Nick Saban | Sugar Bowl (BCS National Championship) | Oklahoma | **W** 21–14 |
| 2004 | January 1, 2005 | Nick Saban | Capital One Bowl | Iowa | L 25–30 |
| 2005 | December 30, 2005 | Les Miles | Peach Bowl | Miami (FL) | **W** 40–3 |
| 2006 | January 3, 2007 | Les Miles | Sugar Bowl | Notre Dame | **W** 41–14 |
| 2007 | January 7, 2008 | Les Miles | BCS National Championship Game | Ohio State | **W** 38–24 |
| 2008 | December 31, 2008 | Les Miles | Chick-Fil-A Bowl | Georgia Tech | **W** 38–3 |
| 2009 | January 1, 2010 | Les Miles | Capital One Bowl | Penn State | L 17–19 |
| 2010 | January 7, 2011 | Les Miles | Cotton Bowl Classic | Texas A&M | **W** 41–24 |
| 2011 | January 9, 2012 | Les Miles | BCS National Championship Game | Alabama | L 0–21 |
| 2012 | December 31, 2012 | Les Miles | Chick-Fil-A Bowl | Clemson | L 24–25 |
| 2013 | January 1, 2014 | Les Miles | Outback Bowl | Iowa | W\* 21–14 |
| 2014 | December 30, 2014 | Les Miles | Music City Bowl | Notre Dame | L 28–31 |
| 2015 | December 29, 2015 | Les Miles | Texas Bowl | Texas Tech | W\* 56–27 |
| 2016 | December 31, 2016 | Ed Orgeron | Citrus Bowl | Louisville | **W** 29–9 |
| 2017 | January 1, 2018 | Ed Orgeron | Citrus Bowl | Notre Dame | L 17–21 |
| 2018 | January 1, 2019 | Ed Orgeron | Fiesta Bowl | UCF | **W** 40–32 |
| 2019 | December 28, 2019 | Ed Orgeron | Peach Bowl – CFP Semifinal | Oklahoma | **W** 63–28 |
| 2019 | January 13, 2020 | Ed Orgeron | CFP National Championship | Clemson | **W** 42–25 |
| 2021 | January 4, 2022 | Brad Davis | Texas Bowl | Kansas State | **L** 20–42 |
| 2022 | January 2, 2023 | Brian Kelly | Citrus Bowl | Purdue | **W** 63–7 |
| 2023 | January 1, 2024 | Brian Kelly | ReliaQuest Bowl | Wisconsin | **W** 35–31 |

1. LSU does not count the victory against the University of Havana in 1907 among its bowl games and bowl wins.

* The NCAA vacated all of LSU's wins from 2012–2015 after its use of a player eventually ruled ineligible.


title: Vera G. List

abstract:
Vera G. List was an American art collector and philanthropist.
She was awarded a 1996 National Medal of Arts.

text:
# Vera G. List

**Vera G. List** (January 6, 1908 – October 10, 2002) was an American art collector and philanthropist. She was awarded a 1996 National Medal of Arts.

## Life

She grew up in Brookline, Massachusetts. She attended Simmons College. In 1930 she married Albert A. List and they moved to New York City in 1945. Her husband Albert List, died on September 12, 1987, due to heart failure. She had four daughters and 12 grandchildren.

Vera List died in Greenwich, Connecticut, on October 10, 2002, aged 94.

## Philanthropy

She gave to the Metropolitan Opera, Mount Sinai Hospital, the Jewish Theological Seminary, the Jewish Museum, The New School, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Brown University, Swarthmore College, and American Academy in Berlin. She help found the New Museum of Contemporary Art. She is the namesake of the Vera List Center for Art and Politics at The New School, and the List Visual Arts Center at MIT.

## InfoBox

| Vera G. List | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Vera Glaser
(1908-01-06)January 6, 1908
Brookline, Massachusetts |
| Died | October 10, 2002(2002-10-10) (aged 94)
Greenwich, Connecticut |
| Nationality | American |
| Education | Simmons College |
| Spouse | Albert A. List   (m. 1930; died 1987) |
| Children | 4 |
| Awards | National Medal of Arts 1996 |


title: Reform of French universities

abstract: The Reform of French universities is an extensive overhaul of the French public higher education system. The reform was initiated by Nicolas Sarkozy soon after his election as President of France, in line with his campaign policies. His government passed the bill, Liberties and Responsibilities of Universities in 2007. Its intent was to allow universities more financial autonomy, while reducing the need for government funding. The reform programme was modified by the subsequent François Hollande government in 2013, with the introduction of the Law on Higher Education and Research. The new law aimed to rationalise the geographic coverage of higher education courses and research areas, encouraging merging of some institutions. National limits on certain professional and technical degrees were introduced, along with measures that permitted greater selectivity of students, in alignment with high school academic achievement. Most recently, the "Law on Orientation and Academic Success" was enacted in 2018, extending the measures begun by the Hollande reform.

text:
# Reform of French universities

The **Reform of French universities** is an extensive overhaul of the French public higher education system. The reform was initiated by Nicolas Sarkozy soon after his election as President of France, in line with his campaign policies. His government passed the bill, Liberties and Responsibilities of Universities in 2007. Its intent was to allow universities more financial autonomy, while reducing the need for government funding. The reform programme was modified by the subsequent François Hollande government in 2013, with the introduction of the Law on Higher Education and Research. The new law aimed to rationalise the geographic coverage of higher education courses and research areas, encouraging merging of some institutions. National limits on certain professional and technical degrees were introduced, along with measures that permitted greater selectivity of students, in alignment with high school academic achievement. Most recently, the "Law on Orientation and Academic Success" was enacted in 2018, extending the measures begun by the Hollande reform.


title: Marie Brizard et Roger International

abstract: Marie Brizard et Roger International is a French alcoholic beverage company founded in 1755. It has been a subsidiary of Belvédère since 2006, and is based in Ivry-sur-Seine, France. The company sells liquors, pure cane syrups, recipes, and cocktails and mixes. The products are available in over 120 countries. The founder, Marie Brizard, was born in 1714 in Bordeaux one of 15 children of a barrel carpenter. In 1755, she took care of an ill West Indian sailor, and in return he gave her a recipe for aniseed liquor. That year, she and her nephew, Jean-Baptiste Roger, founded the company. The company began to grow, and was even presented to King Louis XV. In 1795, Jean-Baptiste Roger died. In 1801, Marie died. The company was passed to the widow of Roger, and the family kept ownership of the company for over ten generations until 1998. In 1954, it became a public limited company.

text:
# Marie Brizard et Roger International

**Marie Brizard et Roger International** is a French alcoholic beverage company founded in 1755. It has been a subsidiary of Belvédère since 2006, and is based in Ivry-sur-Seine, France.

The company sells liquors, pure cane syrups, recipes, and cocktails and mixes. The products are available in over 120 countries.

The founder, Marie Brizard, was born in 1714 in Bordeaux one of 15 children of a barrel carpenter. In 1755, she took care of an ill West Indian sailor, and in return he gave her a recipe for aniseed liquor. That year, she and her nephew, Jean-Baptiste Roger, founded the company. The company began to grow, and was even presented to King Louis XV. In 1795, Jean-Baptiste Roger died. In 1801, Marie died. The company was passed to the widow of Roger, and the family kept ownership of the company for over ten generations until 1998. In 1954, it became a public limited company.

## InfoBox

Marie Brizard et Roger International
|
|  |
| Company type | Subsidiary of Belvédère |
| Industry | Alcohol |
| Founded | 1755 |
| Headquarters | Ivry-sur-Seine, France |
| Key people | Erick Antony Skora, Managing Director |
| Products | Alcoholic beverages |
| Website | www.mariebrizard.com |


title: Umuduri

abstract: The umuduri is a Burundian and Rwandan stringed instrument. It is a musical bow consisting of a string supported by a flexible wooden string bearer or bow that is 125–135 cm in length. The string is traditionally made from plant fiber and animal gut. However, metal wire is becoming widespread.

text:
# Umuduri

The **umuduri** is a Burundian and Rwandan stringed instrument. It is a musical bow consisting of a string supported by a flexible wooden string bearer or bow that is 125–135 cm in length. The string is traditionally made from plant fiber and animal gut. However, metal wire is becoming widespread.

## Construction and design

A gourd is attached to in the bow to act as a resonator. A wooden stick and the inzebe rattle are also used. Two loops bring the string closer to the bow, the third (attached to the gourd resonator by a cord) divides the string into two unequal lengths. This creates two different notes, usually a fourth or a fifth, as fundamental notes. To keep the resonator and the musical bow apart, a cloth or a pad of banana peel is placed between the two to ensure that there is no direct contact between the bow and the gourd that might interfere with production of sound.

## Playing technique

To play the instrument, the bow is held in the left hand vertically in front of the body and the gourd is pressed against the body. A thin stick, used to strike the string, and an inzebe rattle are held in the right hand. In addition to the two fundamental notes that the string produces, the upper (longer) part of the string can be shortened using the index or middle finger, resulting in three notes: second/fourth or fifth.

## Cultural significance

The umuduri is made by the Twa but used by the Hutu. Along with the ikembe, the umuduri was introduced to Rwanda in the early twentieth century. It is played at festivals and official ceremonies; such as the ikinimba, which is a dance accompanied by instruments to tell the stories of kings and heroes of Rwanda. It is played alone, without accompaniment, and is used throughout a variety of genres.

## InfoBox

Umuduri
| Playing *umuduri* in Burundi | |
| --- | --- |
| String Instrument | |
| Other names | Ibubura, Umunahi |
| Classification | Chordophone |
| Hornbostel–Sachs classification | 311.111<br>(Mono-idiochord musical bow) |
| Related instruments | |
| Berimbau | |


title: Perumpilly, Narakkal

abstract: Perumpilly is a prominent suburb of Njarakkal, on the southern edge of Narakkal Village, bordering Elankunnapuzha Village. The people of the sub-village are mostly Hindu or Christian by belief. People of the Hindu community here belong to many castes, such as Pulaya, Ezhava, Araya, Kudumbi and Nair. But Christians here in this community belong to different denominations practising different rites like Catholics, prominently represented by Latin Catholics and Syrian Catholics. A few Protestant believers also live here.

text:
# Perumpilly, Narakkal

**Perumpilly** is a prominent suburb of Njarakkal, on the southern edge of Narakkal Village, bordering Elankunnapuzha Village. The people of the sub-village are mostly Hindu or Christian by belief. People of the Hindu community here belong to many castes, such as Pulaya, Ezhava, Araya, Kudumbi and Nair. But Christians here in this community belong to different denominations practising different rites like Catholics, prominently represented by Latin Catholics and Syrian Catholics. A few Protestant believers also live here.

## Facilities

Holy Family Church, Perumpilly, belongs to the Latin Catholic Christian community. It is situated approximately 500 meters at the eastern end of Perumpilly Church Road, which goes east off the Vypeen–Munambam Road from the Perumpilly Church Road Bus stop, Narakkal.

*

## InfoBox

| Perumpilly | |
| --- | --- |
| Sub-village | |
| PerumpillyPerumpilly | |
| Coordinates: 10°02′02″N 76°13′16″E / 10.034°N 76.221°E / 10.034; 76.221 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Kerala |
| District | Ernakulam |
| Village | Narakkal |