title: Vehicle Factory Jabalpur

abstract: Vehicle Factory Jabalpur, is a military motor vehicle factory, located in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India, part of Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited which was previously a part of Ordnance Factory Board, controlled by the Ministry of Defence, Government of India.

text:
# Vehicle Factory Jabalpur

**Vehicle Factory Jabalpur** (Hindi: वाहन निर्माणी जबलपुर), is a military motor vehicle factory, located in Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India, part of Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited which was previously a part of Ordnance Factory Board, controlled by the Ministry of Defence, Government of India.

## History

The production of Shaktiman trucks (MAN 415 L1 AR), Jonga (Jabalpur Ordnance and Guncarriage Assembly) Light Utility Vehicles and the Vahan 1 ton (Nissan 4W73 Carrier), began at the Gun Carriage Factory Jabalpur, in 1959. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the then Prime Minister of India, was present to witness rolling out of the first batch of vehicles at GCF. It was shifted to the present location in 1969. It started manufacturing Shaktiman trucks with license from MAN SE of Germany, along with Jonga and Vahan 1 ton under license from Nissan of Japan. All three of the above products have been retired and replaced by the new products.

## Products

VFJ manufactures and assembles general staff vehicles, logistics vehicles, light armoured vehicles like bullet-proof vehicles, mine protected vehicles and specialist role vehicles such as rocket launchers, self-propelled howitzers, water bowsers, fuel tankers, field ambulances, tippers, battery command posts, generator sets, light recovery vehicles, field artillery tractors, kitchen containers etc. It also has some variants for civilian applications.

## Technology

VFJ has an R&D centre responsible for development of future vehicles and related technologies. It has tie-ups with Ashok Leyland and Tata Motors. Its research partner is Vehicle Research & Development Establishment of Defence Research and Development Organisation.

## Customers

Since VFJ produces defence vehicles, its primary customers are the Indian Armed Forces, Central Armed Police Forces, State Armed Police Forces, Paramilitary Forces of India and Special Forces of India, which have land-based operations. It also supplies vehicles to civilians, government and private organisations.

## InfoBox

Vehicle Factory Jabalpur
|
|  |
| Company type | Defence Vehicles Manufacturer |
| Industry | Defence |
| Founded | 1969 (1969) |
| Key people | Ashok Gupta, IOFS
(Chief General Manager) |
| Products | Military vehicles |
| Number of employees | 2,600 |
| Parent | Armoured Vehicles Nigam Limited (current)
Ordnance Factories Board (former) |


title: Loch Lee

abstract: National grid reference NO431800 Loch Lee is a loch in Angus, Scotland south of the Grampian Mountains that is fed by the Water of Lee and the Water of Unich and outflows, via the Water of Lee, to a confluence with the Water of Mark to form the River North Esk. Queen Victoria described it as "a wild but not large lake, closed in by mountains, with a farm-house and a few cottages at its edge". The loch supplies drinking water to the North Esk area. The area is used by both walkers and anglers.

text:
# Loch Lee

National grid reference NO431800

**Loch Lee** is a loch in Angus, Scotland south of the Grampian Mountains that is fed by the **Water of Lee** and the **Water of Unich** and outflows, via the Water of Lee, to a confluence with the Water of Mark to form the River North Esk. Queen Victoria described it as "a wild but not large lake, closed in by mountains, with a farm-house and a few cottages at its edge".

The loch supplies drinking water to the North Esk area.

The area is used by both walkers and anglers.

Media related to Loch Lee at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Loch Lee | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Loch Lee | |
| Location | Angus, Scotland |
| Coordinates | 56°54′N 2°57′W / 56.900°N 2.950°W / 56.900; -2.950 |
| Type | loch |
| Primary outflows | North Esk |
| Basin countries | United Kingdom |


title: Palešnik

abstract: Palešnik is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D45 highway.

text:
# Palešnik

**Palešnik** is a village in Croatia. It is connected by the D45 highway.

## Demographics

According to the 2021 census, its population was 391. It was 515 in 2011.

## InfoBox

| Palešnik | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Palešnik | |
| Coordinates: 45°38′N 16°59′E / 45.633°N 16.983°E / 45.633; 16.983 | |
| Country | Croatia |
| County | Bjelovar-Bilogora County |
| Municipality | Hercegovac |
| Area | |
| Total | 3.3 sq mi (8.5 km2) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 391 |
| Density | 120/sq mi (46/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: The MCA Years: A Retrospective

abstract: The MCA Years: A Retrospective was released on MCA Records in 1993, and contains songs from Nanci Griffith's five MCA albums: Lone Star State of Mind (1987), Little Love Affairs (1988), One Fair Summer Evening (1988), Storms (1989), and Late Night Grande Hotel (1991).

text:
# The MCA Years: A Retrospective

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |

***The MCA Years: A Retrospective*** was released on MCA Records in 1993, and contains songs from Nanci Griffith's five MCA albums: *Lone Star State of Mind* (1987), *Little Love Affairs* (1988), *One Fair Summer Evening* (1988), *Storms* (1989), and *Late Night Grande Hotel* (1991).

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Nanci Giffith, except where indicated

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Trouble in the Fields" | Griffith, Rick West | 3:21 |
| 2. | "From a Distance" | Julie Gold | 4:12 |
| 3. | "I Don't Wanna Talk About Love" | Griffith, James Hooker | 4:10 |
| 4. | "Deadwood, South Dakota (live)" | Eric Taylor | 5:10 |
| 5. | "Love at the Five and Dime (live)" |  | 7:21 |
| 6. | "Listen to the Radio" |  | 3:48 |
| 7. | "Gulf Coast Highway" | Griffith, James Hooker, Danny Flowers | 3:03 |
| 8. | "I Wish It Would Rain" |  | 2:41 |
| 9. | "Ford Econoline" |  | 2:14 |
| 10. | "So Long Ago" |  | 4:07 |
| 11. | "If Wishes Were Changes" | Griffith, James Hooker | 3:48 |
| 12. | "The Wing and the Wheel (live)" |  | 3:14 |
| 13. | "Late Night Grande Hotel" |  | 3:33 |
| 14. | "It's Just Another Morning Here" |  | 4:23 |
| 15. | "Drive-In Movies and Dashboard Lights" |  | 3:14 |
| 16. | "There's a Light Beyond These Woods (Mary Margaret)" |  | 4:24 |
| 17. | "Outbound Plane" | Griffith, Tom Russell | 2:39 |
| 18. | "It's a Hard Life Wherever You Go" |  | 4:00 |
| Total length: | | | 69:22 |

## InfoBox

| The MCA Years: A Retrospective | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Compilation album by Nanci Griffith | |
| Released | 1993 |
| Genre | Folk, country |
| Length | 69:23 |
| Label | MCA |
| Nanci Griffith chronology | |
| *Other Voices, Other Rooms*
(1993) ***The MCA Years: A Retrospective***
(1993) *The Best of Nanci Griffith*
(1993) | |


title: Little Brazil, Manhattan

abstract: Little Brazil is a small neighborhood in Manhattan, New York City that is centered on the single block of West 46th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. In the 1960s, the street was home to dozens of Brazilian commercial enterprises and Brazilian restaurants, although only a handful remain in the 2000s. It is demarcated by signs between Fifth Avenue and Seventh Avenue, along 46th Street, and several vendors display the green and yellow colors of the Brazilian flag. Little Brazil is famous for hosting New York City's annual Brazilian Day which features live music and food stands from the various restaurants on the street.

text:
# Little Brazil, Manhattan

40°45′24″N 73°58′50″W / 40.75667°N 73.98056°W / 40.75667; -73.98056

**Little Brazil** is a small neighborhood in Manhattan, New York City that is centered on the single block of West 46th Street between Fifth and Sixth Avenues. In the 1960s, the street was home to dozens of Brazilian commercial enterprises and Brazilian restaurants, although only a handful remain in the 2000s. It is demarcated by signs between Fifth Avenue and Seventh Avenue, along 46th Street, and several vendors display the green and yellow colors of the Brazilian flag.

Little Brazil is famous for hosting New York City's annual Brazilian Day which features live music and food stands from the various restaurants on the street.


title: Piperonyl butoxide

abstract:
Piperonyl butoxide (PBO) is a pale yellow to light brown liquid organic compound used as an adjuvant component of pesticide formulations for synergy. That is, despite having no pesticidal activity of its own, it enhances the potency of certain pesticides such as carbamates, pyrethrins, pyrethroids, and rotenone. It is a semisynthetic derivative of safrole and is produced from the condensation of the sodium salt of 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol and the chloromethyl derivative of hydrogenated safrole (dihydrosafrole);
or through 1,2-Methylenedioxybenzene.

text:
# Piperonyl butoxide

**Piperonyl butoxide** (**PBO**) is a pale yellow to light brown liquid organic compound used as an adjuvant component of pesticide formulations for synergy. That is, despite having no pesticidal activity of its own, it enhances the potency of certain pesticides such as carbamates, pyrethrins, pyrethroids, and rotenone. It is a semisynthetic derivative of safrole and is produced from the condensation of the sodium salt of 2-(2-butoxyethoxy) ethanol and the chloromethyl derivative of hydrogenated safrole (dihydrosafrole); or through 1,2-Methylenedioxybenzene.

## History

PBO was developed in the late 1930s and early 1940s to enhance the performance of the naturally derived insecticide pyrethrum. Pyrethrum is a type of potent insecticide that kills mosquitoes and other disease-carrying vectors, thereby providing public health benefits, such as preventing malaria. Although exhibiting little intrinsic insecticidal activity of its own, PBO increases the effectiveness of pyrethrins, thus it is called a synergist. PBO was first patented in 1947 in the US by Herman Wachs.

There are 3 known manufacturer of PBO in the world, Endura, Tagros and Catasynth (Anthea) who manufacture PBO through the MDB route.

## Uses

PBO was first registered in the United States in the 1950s. PBO is mainly used in combination with insecticides, such as natural pyrethrins or synthetic pyrethroids, in ratios (PBO: pyrethrins) ranging from 3:1 to 20:1. Appearing in over 1,500 United States EPA-registered products, PBO is one of the most commonly registered synergists as measured by the number of formulas in which it is present. It is approved for pre- and postharvest application to a wide variety of crops and commodities, including grain, fruits and vegetables. The application rates are low; the highest single rate is 0.5 lbs PBO/acre.

It is used extensively as an ingredient with insecticides to control insect pests in and around the home, in food-handling establishments such as restaurants, and for human and veterinary applications against ectoparasites (head lice, ticks, fleas). A wide variety of water-based PBO-containing products such as crack and crevice sprays, total release foggers, and flying insect sprays are produced for and sold to consumers for home use. PBO has an important public health role as a synergist used in pyrethrins and pyrethroid formulations used for mosquito control (e.g. space sprays, surface sprays and bed nets). Because of its limited, if any, insecticidal properties, PBO is never used alone.

## Mechanism of action

PBO acts as an insecticide synergist by inhibiting the natural defense mechanisms of the insect, the most important of which is the mixed-function oxidase system, (MFOs) also known as the cytochrome P-450 system. The MFO system is the primary route of detoxification in insects, and causes the oxidative breakdown of insecticides such as pyrethrins and the synthetic pyrethroids – thus when PBO is added, higher insecticide levels remain in the insect to exercise their lethal effect. An important consequence of this property is that, by enhancing the activity of a given insecticide, less may be used to achieve the same result.

PBO does not appear to have a significant effect on the MFO system in humans. PBO is found to be an efficacious, low-potency, neutral antagonist of G-protein-coupled CB1 receptors.

Other synergists for pyrethroid insecticides include Sesamex and "Sulfoxide" (not to be confused with the functional group).

## Regulatory

PBO is regulated in the United States and some other countries as a pesticide, even though PBO does not have this property. The United States Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), the law that gives United States EPA its authority to regulate pesticides, includes certain synergists in its definition of a “pesticide” and is thus subject to the same approval and registration as products that kill pests, like the insecticides with which PBO is formulated. Pesticide registration is the process through which United States EPA examines the ingredients of a pesticide, where and how the pesticide is used (e.g., whole room fogger, crack-and-crevice, etc.), and the specific use pattern (amount and frequency of its use). United States EPA also evaluates the pesticide to ensure that it will not have unreasonable adverse effects on humans, the environment and non-target species. The United States EPA must register pesticides before they may be sold or distributed in the United States. Registration is required for the pesticide itself, as well as for all products containing it. The World Health Organization recognizes the public health value of PBO when used in conjunction with the synthetic pyrethroids deltamethrin or permethrin used in mosquito nets.

## Hazard assessment

Numerous toxicology studies have been conducted over the past 40 years on PBO examining the full range of potential toxic effects. These studies were conducted in accord with regulatory requirements put forth by the United States EPA or other international agencies. Many were conducted following United States EPA Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs), a system of processes and controls to ensure the consistency, integrity, quality, and reproducibility of laboratory studies conducted in support of pesticides registration. The following types of studies have been conducted in support of PBO registration:

### Acute toxicity studies

Acute toxicity studies are designed to identify potential hazards from acute exposures. The studies usually employ a single or a few high doses over a short time period. The data are used for the development of appropriate precautionary statements for pesticide product labels. Acute studies identify:

* Dermal toxicity
* Eye irritation
* Inhalation toxicity
* Oral toxicity
* Skin irritation
* Skin sensitization

PBO has a low acute toxicity by oral, inhalation, and dermal routes in adults. It is minimally irritating to the eyes and skin. It is a not a skin sensitizer.

### Dermal absorption

The available data indicate that less than 3% of the amount on the skin (forearm) is absorbed over an 8-hour period. Other studies with a pediculicide formulation indicate that about 2% crossed the skin and about 8% crossed the scalp.

### Endocrine disruption

The Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) of 1996 required the United States EPA to address the issue of endocrine disruption. Since the passage of the FQPA, the US EPA has developed a two-tiered endocrine disruptor screening program (EDSP) designed to examine potential effects of substances on the estrogenic, androgenic, and thyroid (EAT) hormone systems in both humans and wildlife. Tier 1 consists of 11 assays, and is designed to determine whether a substance has the potential to interact with the EAT hormone systems. If results indicate a relationship, the chemical progresses to Tier 2 testing. The purpose of Tier 2 is to determine whether a substance that interacts with the EAT hormone system exerts an adverse effect in humans or wildlife, and to develop a dose-response that, in association with exposure data, can be used to assess risk. PBO is one of the chemicals selected by EPA to be part of the initial effort under the EDSP. The EPA issued its first list of chemicals for EDSP testing in 2009, consisting of over 60 pesticide chemicals, including the insecticide synergist PBO. The first list of chemicals for EDSP screening is not based on a potential for endocrine activity or a potential for adverse effects. Rather, the list is based on an EPA prioritization regarding exposure potential. PBO was added to this list because of its wide use pattern (1500 products registered with US EPA), and people may be exposed to low levels of PBO in their diets, from treated surfaces in their homes (e.g., carpet), and in certain occupations (e.g., pest control operators).

No evidence suggests that PBO disrupts the normal functioning of the endocrine system. This includes the recently developed data to assess the possible interaction of PBO with the endocrine system. The Piperonyl Butoxide Task Force II, a group of companies that produces or markets PBO-containing products, has conducted all 11 EDSP Tier 1 screens and has submitted all required documentation and study reports.

The US EPA intends to use a weight of evidence (WoE) approach for assessing EDSP Tier 1 results. While the agency issued WOE guidelines, no actual WOE assessments have yet been conducted and released to the registrants. The PBTFII has conducted a WoE analysis for PBO that is consistent with EPA’s guidelines. The WoE analysis for PBO examines each EDSP Tier 1 assay conducted for PBO. It discusses the purpose of the assay, and summarizes the study design and results and provides an overall conclusion for each assay. All 11 individual assays are then considered together to arrive at an overall conclusion for the outcome of the Tier 1 battery. For some assays, other scientifically relevant information is also considered as part of the assessment. The purpose of the WoE analysis is to determine whether PBO has the potential to interact with the endocrine system, as determined by EDSP Tier 1 assays, the Tier 1 battery as a whole and OSRI. A determination that a chemical has the potential to interact with the endocrine system would trigger a need for EDSP Tier 2 testing. The EPA is planning to issue their WOE assessment in late 2014 or early 2015.

### Subchronic and chronic/carcinogenicity studies

Subchronic and chronic studies examine the toxicity of longer-term, repeated exposure to chemicals. They may range from 90 days for subchronic studies, to 12–24 months for full lifetime chronic studies, designed to determine potential for carcinogenesis. They are also intended to identify any noncancer effects, as well as a clear no observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) that is used for risk assessment. Studies conducted on PBO include:

* 90-day inhalation toxicology study
* 18-month chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study in mice
* 24-month chronic toxicity/carcinogenicity study in rats

NOAELs were derived for PBO from both subchronic and chronic studies. These NOAELs are used by the EPA to conduct risk assessments for all individual uses of PBO to ensure that all registered products with PBO pose a reasonable certainty of no harm used according to the label directions.

PBO caused an increase in liver tumors in mice that ingested high levels of PBO in the diet for their entire lifetimes. The scientific identification and analysis of the key events leading to the formation of the mouse liver tumors suggest that the events are not likely to occur in humans.

The EPA classifies PBO as a group C carcinogen – "possibly carcinogenic to humans." Under the auspices of the United Nations, the Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues evaluated the entire body of toxicology of PBO several times since 1965. They concluded that, at doses up to internationally accepted standards for a maximum tolerated dose, PBO is not considered to be carcinogenic in the mouse or rat, thus leading to the conclusion that PBO is not carcinogenic to humans.

### Developmental toxicity studies

PBO has been found to inhibit the Hedgehog signaling pathway, a critical regulator of brain and face development in all vertebrates, via antagonism of the protein Smoothened (SMO). PBO was found to be capable of causing dose-dependent brain and face malformations in mice exposed during early development, including the rare human birth defect holoprosencephaly. Even doses of PBO that did not cause overt holoprosencephaly associated facial abnormalities were found to cause subtle neuroanatomical defects, for which the cognitive or behavioral consequences are unknown.

An epidemiology study found that PBO exposure was correlated with dose-dependent reductions in neurocognitive development in 3-year old children.

### Animal impacts

PBO is moderately to highly toxic to aquatic invertebrates, such as water fleas and shrimp. At lower, long-term doses, water flea reproduction was affected. PBO is highly toxic to amphibians in the tadpole stage.

## Exposure assessment

Given the extensive non-dietary use of PBO, manufacturers of PBO and marketers of PBO-containing products formed the Non-Dietary Exposure Task Force (NDETF) in 1996 to develop a long-term research program to more fully understand the phenomenon of human exposure to insecticides used in the home. Most of the studies were conducted with formulations of pyrethrins/PBO and synthetic pyrethroids/PBO, and focused on the indoor use of fogger and aerosol products. Carpet and vinyl flooring surfaces were selected because of their different physical and chemical properties, and because they represent a significant percentage of the floor coverings used in homes in North America. While the focus of the NDETF effort was on total-release foggers, a study was also conducted to determine both dispersion (air levels) and deposition (on flooring) of pyrethrins/PBO resulting from the use of a hand held aerosol spray can. Potential direct exposure of the user was also measured. Air sampling from the breathing zone of the applicator and analysis of residues on cotton gloves was performed. This data was submitted to the United States EPA and was key to the agency’s comprehensive risk assessment for PBO.

## Risk assessment

The US EPA, in their re-registration eligibility decision, determined "no risks of concern" existed for householders mixing, loading, handling, or applying PBO-containing products.

## InfoBox

Piperonyl butoxide
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name 5-{\[2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethoxy\]methyl}-6-propyl-2*H*-1,3-benzodioxole | |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number |  |
| 3D model (JSmol) |  |
| ChEMBL |  |
| ChemSpider |  |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.070 |
| EC Number | * 200-076-7 |
| KEGG |  |
| PubChem CID |  |
| UNII |  |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) |  |
| InChI * InChI=1S/C19H30O5/c1-3-5-7-20-8-9-21-10-11-22-14-17-13-19-18(23-15-24-19)12-16(17)6-4-2/h12-13H,3-11,14-15H2,1-2H3 NKey: FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N * InChI=1/C19H30O5/c1-3-5-7-20-8-9-21-10-11-22-14-17-13-19-18(23-15-24-19)12-16(17)6-4-2/h12-13H,3-11,14-15H2,1-2H3Key: FIPWRIJSWJWJAI-UHFFFAOYAD | |
| SMILES * CCCCOCCOCCOCC1=CC2=C(C=C1CCC)OCO2 | |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | C19H30O5 |
| Molar mass | 338.438 g/mol |
| Density | 1.05 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 21 °C (70 °F; 294 K) |
| Boiling point | 180 °C (356 °F; 453 K) at 1 mmHg |
| Hazards | |
| Flash point | 170 °C (338 °F; 443 K) |
| Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C \[77 °F\], 100 kPa). N verify (what is YN ?)  Infobox references | |


title: Ponte Mosca, Turin

abstract: The Ponte Mosca is a historic bridge in Turin, region of Piedmont, Italy. It was the first stone bridge built in the city by the Sabauda dynasty. The bridge was erected over the Dora Riparia; the corso Giulio Cesare enters the Aurora quarter, near Porta Palazzo, over this bridge. The plan for a bridge over the Dora first was requested by Napoleon in 1807. But it became a reality in 1818, when an urban renewal plan was put forward that also demolished the walls and bastions of the city. The architect Carlo Bernardo Mosca was commissioned a stone bridge to replace the earlier wood structure. Construction proceeded from 1823 to 1830. At inauguration, the 45-meter-long (148 ft) bridge was considered technologically advanced. It was renamed Mosca in 1868, a year after the architect's death.

text:
# Ponte Mosca, Turin

The **Ponte Mosca** is a historic bridge in Turin, region of Piedmont, Italy. It was the first stone bridge built in the city by the Sabauda dynasty. The bridge was erected over the Dora Riparia; the corso Giulio Cesare enters the Aurora quarter, near Porta Palazzo, over this bridge.

The plan for a bridge over the Dora first was requested by Napoleon in 1807. But it became a reality in 1818, when an urban renewal plan was put forward that also demolished the walls and bastions of the city. The architect Carlo Bernardo Mosca was commissioned a stone bridge to replace the earlier wood structure. Construction proceeded from 1823 to 1830. At inauguration, the 45-meter-long (148 ft) bridge was considered technologically advanced. It was renamed Mosca in 1868, a year after the architect's death.

45°04′53″N 7°41′12″E / 45.08127°N 7.68654°E / 45.08127; 7.68654


title: WS-SecurityPolicy

abstract:
WS-Security Policy is a web services specification, created by IBM and 12 co-authors, that has become an OASIS standard as of version 1.2. It extends the fundamental security protocols specified by the WS-Security, WS-Trust and WS-Secure Conversation by offering mechanisms to represent the capabilities and requirements of web services as policies. Security policy assertions are based on the WS-Policy framework. Policy assertions can be used to require more generic security attributes like transport layer security, message level security or timestamps, and specific attributes like token types. Most policy assertion can be found in following categories:
  - Protection assertions identify the elements of a message that are required to be signed, encrypted or existent.
  - Token assertions specify allowed token formats.
  - Security binding assertions control basic security safeguards like transport and message level security, cryptographic algorithm suite and required timestamps.
  - Supporting token assertions add functions like user sign-on using a username token. Policies can be used to drive development tools to generate code with certain capabilities, or may be used at runtime to negotiate the security aspects of web service communication. Policies may be attached to WSDL elements such as service, port, operation and message, as defined in WS Policy Attachment.

text:
# WS-SecurityPolicy

**WS-Security Policy** is a web services specification, created by IBM and 12 co-authors, that has become an OASIS standard as of version 1.2. It extends the fundamental security protocols specified by the WS-Security, WS-Trust and WS-Secure Conversation by offering mechanisms to represent the capabilities and requirements of web services as policies. Security policy assertions are based on the WS-Policy framework.

Policy assertions can be used to require more generic security attributes like transport layer security \<TransportBinding\>, message level security \<AsymmetricBinding\> or timestamps, and specific attributes like token types.

Most policy assertion can be found in following categories:

* Protection assertions identify the elements of a message that are required to be signed, encrypted or existent.
* Token assertions specify allowed token formats (SAML, X509, Username etc.).
* Security binding assertions control basic security safeguards like transport and message level security, cryptographic algorithm suite and required timestamps.
* Supporting token assertions add functions like user sign-on using a username token.

Policies can be used to drive development tools to generate code with certain capabilities, or may be used at runtime to negotiate the security aspects of web service communication. Policies may be attached to WSDL elements such as service, port, operation and message, as defined in WS Policy Attachment.

## Sample Policies

Namespaces used by the following XML-snippets:

```
<p:Policy
   xmlns:p="http://www.w3.org/ns/ws-policy"
   xmlns:sp="http://docs.oasis-open.org/ws-sx/ws-securitypolicy/200802">
   ...
</p:Policy>

```

Include a timestamp:

```
<sp:IncludeTimestamp />

```

Use either transport layer security (https) or message level security (XML Dsig/XML Enc):

```
<ExactlyOne>
  <sp:TransportBinding>...</sp:TransportBinding>
  <sp:AsymmetricBinding>...</sp:AsymmetricBinding >
</ExactlyOne>

```

To define a SAML assertion as security token:

```
<sp:IssuedToken>
  <sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate>
    <wst:TokenType>...#SAMLV2.0</wst:TokenType>
  </sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate>
</sp:IssuedToken>

```

Issued token assertion of providers with reference to the STS and required token format:

```
<sp:IssuedToken>
  <sp:Issuer>
    <wsa:EndpointReference>
      <wsa:Address>http://sampleorg.com/sts</wsa:Address>
     </wsa:EndpointReference>
  </sp:Issuer>
  <sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate>
    <wst:TokenType>
       http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/oasis-wss-saml-token-profile-1.0#SAMLAssertionID
    </wst:TokenType>
        ...
  </sp:RequestSecurityTokenTemplate>
  ...
</sp:IssuedToken>

```

Specify that message header and body need to be signed, and attachments are left unsigned:

```
<sp:SignedParts xmlns:sp="..." ... >
  <sp:Body />?
  <sp:Header Name="Dx:NCName"? Namespace="Xd:anyURI" ... />*
...
</sp:SignedParts>

```

specify that message open source license need to be signed, and hydra security are left unsigned:

```
<sp:signedparts http:np="..."...>
<sp:Hydrasecurity />?
<sp:Opensourcelicense Name="Hs:NCName"? Namespace="Sh:anyURI" .../>*
...
</sp:SignedParts>

```

## Other WS policy languages

The term *Web Services Security Policy Language* is used for two different XML-based languages:

1. As described above, based on the WS-Policy framework, as defined in, published as version 1.3 in Feb. 2009
2. WSPL, based on XACML profile for Web-services, but that was not finalized.

1. http://www.w3.org/TR/ws-policy-attach/ WS-Policy - Attachment
2. http://www.oasis-open.org/specs/index.php#ws-secpol WS-SecurityPolicy
3. http://www.oasis-open.org/committees/download.php/1608/wd-xacml-wspl-use-cases-04.pdf Web-services policy language use cases and requirements (draft)


title: Vehicle Identity Check

abstract: The Vehicle Identity Check (VIC) was a regulation concerning car ownership that was in force in the UK between 2003 and 2015. The VIC was introduced on 7 April 2003 and was created to prevent the illegal practice of vehicle cloning and to keep track of scrapyard vehicles. The scheme was run jointly by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) and the Vehicle and Operator Services Agency (VOSA).

text:
# Vehicle Identity Check

The **Vehicle Identity Check** (VIC) was a regulation concerning car ownership that was in force in the UK between 2003 and 2015.

The VIC was introduced on 7 April 2003 and was created to prevent the illegal practice of vehicle cloning and to keep track of scrapyard vehicles. The scheme was run jointly by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) and the Vehicle and Operator Services Agency (VOSA).

## Details

The VIC applied only to cars and was intended to ensure that the vehicle registration certificate (V5C) was not issued for stolen or cloned vehicles using the identity of a destroyed vehicle. When a car was written off by an insurance company as "Category C" or higher, checking was required before the V5C could be issued.

Vehicles in Category D did not require inspection. The test, carried out by VOSA, determined whether or not a car presented was the same one that was listed on DVLA records. To apply for a check, a VIC1 Form had to be completed and submitted to VOSA. A car bought with no V5C might also require a VIC even if there had been no insurance claim to confirm its identity before a new V5C was issued.

## Closure

Up to 2012, an estimated 900,000 vehicles had been tested under the scheme. However, only 38 "ringers" or cloned vehicles had been successfully identified.

The VIC Scheme closed on 26 October 2015. Since then, the conditions for issue of a V5C are that the vehicle has obtained an MoT Test Certificate, is roadworthy and has insurance.


title: The Long Lost

abstract: The Long Lost is a collaboration between American musicians Daedelus and Laura Darlington. The pair are also husband and wife. They dated in high school after initially meeting as members of their high school orchestra, as well as partners in the ballroom dance club. After a few years apart, they re-met and gradually formed this project. In 2009, the duo released the first studio album, The Long Lost, on Ninja Tune. Daedelus has stated that they are currently working on new material.

text:
# The Long Lost

**The Long Lost** is a collaboration between American musicians Daedelus and Laura Darlington. The pair are also husband and wife. They dated in high school after initially meeting as members of their high school orchestra, as well as partners in the ballroom dance club. After a few years apart, they re-met and gradually formed this project. In 2009, the duo released the first studio album, *The Long Lost*, on Ninja Tune. Daedelus has stated that they are currently working on new material.

## Discography

### Albums

### Singles

* "Woebegone" (2008)
* "Amiss" (2009)

## InfoBox

| The Long Lost | |
| --- | --- |
| Daedelus (left) and Laura Darlington (center) performing in Metz, France, 2009. | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Santa Monica, California |
| Genres | Folk, lo-fi, psychedelic |
| Years active | 1998present |
| Labels | Ninja Tune |
|  | |
| Members | Daedelus<br>Laura Darlington |


title: 1949–50 St. Louis Bombers season

abstract: The 1949–50 NBA season was the fourth and final season for the Bombers in the National Basketball Association. The franchise ceased operations after the season, and the St. Louis market would be left without an NBA team until 1955.

text:
# 1949–50 St. Louis Bombers season

The **1949–50 NBA season** was the fourth and final season for the Bombers in the National Basketball Association. The franchise ceased operations after the season, and the St. Louis market would be left without an NBA team until 1955.

## NBA draft

| Round | Pick | Player | Position | Nationality | School/Club Team |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  | Ed Macauley | F/C | United States | Saint Louis |
| 2 |  | Johnny Orr | F | United States | Beloit College |
| 5 |  | Earl Dodd | F | United States | Northeast Missouri State |
| 7 |  | John Pritchard | F | United States | Drake |
|  |  | Marv Schatzman | F | United States | Saint Louis |

## Roster

| **St. Louis Bombers 1949–50 roster** | |
| --- | --- |
| **Players** | **Coaches** |
| Pos. # Name Ht. Wt. From  7 Logan, Johnny 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) 175 lb (79 kg)  Indiana  F/C 50 Macauley, Ed 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m) 185 lb (84 kg)  Saint Louis  11 Maughan, Ariel 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m) 190 lb (86 kg)  Utah State  14 McCarron, Mike 5 ft 11 in (1.80 m) 180 lb (82 kg)  Seton Hall  9 O'Connell, Dermie 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) 174 lb (79 kg)  Holy Cross  12 Orr, Johnny 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) 195 lb (88 kg)  Beloit  F/C 14 Otten, Mac 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) 220 lb (100 kg)  Bowling Green  G/F 6 Parham, Easy 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) 200 lb (91 kg)  Texas Wesleyan  8 Putman, Don 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) 170 lb (77 kg)  Denver  3 Roberts, Bill 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 210 lb (95 kg)  Wyoming  F/C 4 Rocha, Red 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 185 lb (84 kg)  Oregon State  G/F 10 Smawley, Belus 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) 195 lb (88 kg)  Appalachian State  F/C 9 Todorovich, Mike 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) 220 lb (100 kg)  Wyoming  5 Wilcutt, D. C. 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m) 165 lb (75 kg)  Saint Louis | Head coach   ---  Legend * **(DP)** Unsigned draft pick * **(FA)** Free agent * **(S)** Suspended * Injured |

## Regular season

### Season standings

|  | W | L | PCT | GB | Home | Road | Neutral | Div |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **x-**Minneapolis Lakers | 51 | 17 | .750 |  | 30–1 | 18–16 | 3–0 | 16–8 |
| **x-**Rochester Royals | 51 | 17 | .750 |  | 33–1 | 17–16 | 1–0 | 15–9 |
| **x-**Fort Wayne Pistons | 40 | 28 | .588 | 11 | 28–6 | 12–22 |  | 14–10 |
| **x-**Chicago Stags | 40 | 28 | .588 | 11 | 18–6 | 14–21 | 8–1 | 11–13 |
| St. Louis Bombers | 26 | 42 | .382 | 25 | 17–14 | 7–26 | 2–2 | 4–20 |

### Record vs. opponents

| 1949–50 NBA records | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | AND | BAL | BOS | CHI | DEN | FWP | IND | MIN | NYK | PHI | ROC | SHE | STL | SYR | TCB | WAS | WAT |
| Anderson |  | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 4–3 | 1–1 | 2–5 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 5–2 | 2–0 | 3–4 | 7–2 | 1–1 | 7–0 |
| Baltimore | 1–1 |  | 2–4 | 1–5 | 1–1 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 1–5 | 1–5 | 3–3 | 3–3 | 2–0 | 3–3 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 2–4 | 1–1 |
| Boston | 2–0 | 4–2 |  | 0–6 | 1–1 | 2–4 | 1–1 | 1–5 | 1–5 | 3–3 | 0–6 | 1–1 | 2–4 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 3–3 | 1–1 |
| Chicago | 1–1 | 5–1 | 6–0 |  | 2–0 | 2–4 | 1–1 | 2–4 | 2–4 | 4–2 | 2–4 | 2–0 | 5–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 3–3 | 2–0 |
| Denver | 3–4 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 |  | 0–2 | 0–7 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 3–4 | 0–2 | 1–6 | 0–7 | 0–2 | 2–5 |
| Fort Wayne | 1–1 | 3–3 | 4–2 | 4–2 | 2–0 |  | 1–1 | 2–4 | 4–2 | 4–2 | 3–3 | 2–0 | 5–1 | 0–2 | 2–0 | 2–4 | 1–1 |
| Indianapolis | 5–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 7–0 | 1–1 |  | 1–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 5–2 | 1–1 | 2–7 | 4–3 | 1–1 | 5–2 |
| Minneapolis | 1–1 | 5–1 | 5–1 | 4–2 | 2–0 | 4–2 | 1–1 |  | 5–1 | 4–2 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 5–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 6–0 | 2–0 |
| New York | 1–1 | 5–1 | 5–1 | 4–2 | 2–0 | 2–4 | 1–1 | 1–5 |  | 1–5 | 1–5 | 1–1 | 4–2 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 5–1 | 2–0 |
| Philadelphia | 1–1 | 3–3 | 3–3 | 2–4 | 2–0 | 2–4 | 0–2 | 2–4 | 1–5 |  | 1–5 | 2–0 | 2–4 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 2–4 | 2–0 |
| Rochester | 2–0 | 3–3 | 6–0 | 4–2 | 2–0 | 3–3 | 1–1 | 3–3 | 5–1 | 5–1 |  | 1–1 | 5–1 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 6–0 | 2–0 |
| Sheboygan | 2–5 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 4–3 | 0–2 | 2–5 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 1–1 |  | 0–2 | 1–6 | 3–4 | 2–0 | 4–3 |
| St. Louis | 0–2 | 3–3 | 4–2 | 1–5 | 2–0 | 1–5 | 1–1 | 1–5 | 2–4 | 4–2 | 1–5 | 2–0 |  | 1–1 | 2–0 | 0–6 | 1–1 |
| Syracuse | 4–3 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 6–1 | 2–0 | 7–2 | 1–1 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 6–1 | 1–1 |  | 6–1 | 1–1 | 6–1 |
| Tri-Cities | 2–7 | 2–0 | 2–0 | 1–1 | 7–0 | 0–2 | 3–4 | 0–2 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 4–3 | 0–2 | 1–6 |  | 1–1 | 4–3 |
| Washington | 1–1 | 4–2 | 3–3 | 3–3 | 2–0 | 4–2 | 1–1 | 0–6 | 1–5 | 4–2 | 0–6 | 0–2 | 6–0 | 1–1 | 1–1 |  | 1–1 |
| Waterloo | 0–7 | 1–1 | 1–1 | 0–2 | 5–2 | 1–1 | 2–5 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 0–2 | 3–4 | 1–1 | 1–6 | 3–4 | 1–1 |  |

### Game log

| 1949–50 Game log | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **#** | **Date** | **Opponent** | **Score** | **High points** | **Record** |
| 1 | November 1 | vs Tri-Cities | 72–51 | Johnny Logan (21) | 1–0 |
| 2 | November 3 | at Baltimore | 81–65 | Mike Todorovich (19) | 2–0 |
| 3 | November 4 | at Philadelphia | 58–79 | Ed Macauley (15) | 2–1 |
| 4 | November 5 | at Washington | 69–81 | Ed Macauley (19) | 2–2 |
| 5 | November 8 | at Anderson | 62–70 | Johnny Logan (18) | 2–3 |
| 6 | November 10 | Syracuse | 73–67 | Logan, Macauley (23) | 3–3 |
| 7 | November 12 | at Indianapolis | 71–94 | Red Rocha (20) | 3–4 |
| 8 | November 13 | Chicago | 65–91 | Belus Smawley (12) | 3–5 |
| 9 | November 16 | at Minneapolis | 71–94 | Belus Smawley (16) | 3–6 |
| 10 | November 17 | Minneapolis | 78–65 | Red Rocha (24) | 4–6 |
| 11 | November 20 | Rochester | 95–74 | Johnny Logan (22) | 5–6 |
| 12 | November 24 | Baltimore | 63–65 | Belus Smawley (16) | 5–7 |
| 13 | November 26 | at Anderson | 63–73 | Ed Macauley (18) | 5–8 |
| 14 | November 27 | Philadelphia | 80–67 | Belus Smawley (20) | 6–8 |
| 15 | November 30 | at Tri-Cities | 89–82 | Ed Macauley (19) | 7–8 |
| 16 | December 1 | New York | 68–85 | Belus Smawley (20) | 7–9 |
| 17 | December 3 | at Sheboygan | 75–72 | Maughan, Rocha (18) | 8–9 |
| 18 | December 4 | Boston | 85–76 | Logan, Smawley (17) | 9–9 |
| 19 | December 7 | at Denver | 76–72 | Belus Smawley (27) | 10–9 |
| 20 | December 10 | at Baltimore | 66–69 | Ed Macauley (25) | 10–10 |
| 21 | December 14 | at Washington | 61–79 | Johnny Orr (12) | 10–11 |
| 22 | December 15 | at Boston | 81–83 | Rocha, Smawley (18) | 10–12 |
| 23 | December 16 | at Philadelphia | 68–54 | Belus Smawley (17) | 11–12 |
| 24 | December 17 | at New York | 76–81 (2OT) | Belus Smawley (20) | 11–13 |
| 25 | December 21 | New York | 75–52 | Red Rocha (19) | 12–13 |
| 26 | December 22 | at Fort Wayne | 75–87 | Belus Smawley (22) | 12–14 |
| 27 | December 25 | Washington | 68–81 | Johnny Logan (24) | 12–15 |
| 28 | December 29 | Baltimore | 90–63 | Belus Smawley (15) | 13–15 |
| 29 | December 31 | at Rochester | 68–87 | Ed Macauley (21) | 13–16 |
| 30 | January 1 | Waterloo | 91–79 | Johnny Logan (24) | 14–16 |
| 31 | January 4 | Boston | 72–68 | Johnny Logan (20) | 15–16 |
| 32 | January 5 | at Fort Wayne | 83–87 | Red Rocha (20) | 15–17 |
| 33 | January 8 | Rochester | 73–75 (2OT) | Johnny Logan (18) | 15–18 |
| 34 | January 12 | Minneapolis | 73–89 | Ed Macauley (22) | 15–19 |
| 35 | January 15 | Denver | 89–83 | Ed Macauley (25) | 16–19 |
| 36 | January 16 | at Chicago | 69–78 | Ed Macauley (23) | 16–20 |
| 37 | January 18 | at Waterloo | 69–80 | Ed Macauley (14) | 16–21 |
| 38 | January 19 | Fort Wayne | 74–64 | Red Rocha (19) | 17–21 |
| 39 | January 22 | Boston | 71–47 | Logan, Rocha, Smawley (14) | 18–21 |
| 40 | January 24 | vs Washington | 67–75 | Johnny Logan (23) | 18–22 |
| 41 | January 25 | at Minneapolis | 78–85 | Red Rocha (16) | 18–23 |
| 42 | January 26 | Washington | 71–82 | Red Rocha (18) | 18–24 |
| 43 | January 29 | Chicago | 51–66 | Belus Smawley (14) | 18–25 |
| 44 | February 2 | New York | 73–87 | Maughan, Smawley (13) | 18–26 |
| 45 | February 5 | Indianapolis | 76–64 | Ed Macauley (29) | 19–26 |
| 46 | February 7 | at Rochester | 84–90 | Ed Macauley (34) | 19–27 |
| 47 | February 8 | at New York | 84–82 (2OT) | Macauley, Smawley (17) | 20–27 |
| 48 | February 9 | at Baltimore | 67–79 | Belus Smawley (12) | 20–28 |
| 49 | February 10 | at Boston | 79–89 | Macauley, Rocha (20) | 20–29 |
| 50 | February 12 | Philadelphia | 86–70 | Belus Smawley (23) | 21–29 |
| 51 | February 16 | Minneapolis | 71–72 | Belus Smawley (17) | 21–30 |
| 52 | February 19 | Sheboygan | 72–65 | Logan, Macauley (19) | 22–30 |
| 53 | February 22 | at Minneapolis | 57–100 | Logan, Macauley (11) | 22–31 |
| 54 | February 23 | Fort Wayne | 72–74 | Ed Macauley (20) | 22–32 |
| 55 | February 24 | at Chicago | 62–77 | Red Rocha (20) | 22–33 |
| 56 | February 26 | Rochester | 79–81 | Ed Macauley (31) | 22–34 |
| 57 | March 1 | Fort Wayne | 70–75 | Ed Macauley (23) | 22–35 |
| 58 | March 2 | at Fort Wayne | 61–91 | Red Rocha (19) | 22–36 |
| 59 | March 5 | Philadelphia | 71–67 | Ed Macauley (18) | 23–36 |
| 60 | March 8 | at New York | 78–80 (OT) | Ed Macauley (24) | 23–37 |
| 61 | March 9 | at Syracuse | 74–85 | Ed Macauley (20) | 23–38 |
| 62 | March 10 | at Philadelphia | 73–78 | Belus Smawley (25) | 23–39 |
| 63 | March 11 | at Washington | 90–92 | Ed Macauley (21) | 23–40 |
| 64 | March 12 | at Rochester | 72–99 | Ed Macauley (20) | 23–41 |
| 65 | March 14 | at Boston | 86–76 | Ed Macauley (31) | 24–41 |
| 66 | March 16 | Baltimore | 71–63 | Ed Macauley (22) | 25–41 |
| 67 | March 17 | vs Chicago | 85–69 | Ed Macauley (35) | 26–41 |
| 68 | March 19 | Chicago | 64–80 | Ed Macauley (24) | 26–42 |

## InfoBox

| 1949–50 St. Louis Bombers season | |
| --- | --- |
| Head coach | Grady Lewis |
| Arena | Kiel Auditorium<br>St. Louis Arena |
| Results | |
| Record | 2642 (.382) |
| Place | Division: 5th (Central) |
| Playoff finish | Did not qualify |
| ---  Stats at **Basketball-Reference.com** | |
| Radio | KMOX |
|


title: Listed buildings in West Felton

abstract: West Felton is a civil parish in Shropshire, England. It contains 47 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, three are listed at Grade II*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the village of West Felton and smaller settlements, and is otherwise rural. Most of the listed buildings are houses and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings, the earliest of which are timber framed. The Montgomery Canal runs through the parish and the listed buildings associated with it are a roving bridge, a warehouse, and a barge house. The other listed buildings include a church and items in the churchyard, a well, two country houses and associated structures, a road bridge, three milestones, and a disused railway station and goods shed,

text:
# Listed buildings in West Felton

West Felton is a civil parish in Shropshire, England. It contains 47 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these, three are listed at Grade II\*, the middle of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the village of West Felton and smaller settlements, and is otherwise rural. Most of the listed buildings are houses and associated structures, farmhouses and farm buildings, the earliest of which are timber framed. The Montgomery Canal runs through the parish and the listed buildings associated with it are a roving bridge, a warehouse, and a barge house. The other listed buildings include a church and items in the churchyard, a well, two country houses and associated structures, a road bridge, three milestones, and a disused railway station and goods shed,

## Key

| Grade | Criteria |
| --- | --- |
| II\* | Particularly important buildings of more than special interest |
| II | Buildings of national importance and special interest |

## Buildings

| Name and location | Photograph | Date | Notes | Grade |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| St Michael's Church
52°49′14″N 2°58′45″W / 52.82060°N 2.97909°W / 52.82060; -2.97909 (St Michael's Church) |  | 12th century | The oldest part of the church is the nave, the tower dates from 1784, the north aisle was built in 1841, the chancel was rebuilt in 1848 by George Gilbert Scott, and the south aisle, porch and vestry were added in 1878–79. The church is built in sandstone with a tile roof, and consists of a nave, north and south aisles, a south porch, a chancel with a south vestry, and a west tower. The tower has three stages, with angle pilasters, two levels of oculi, round-headed bell openings, a moulded cornice and parapet, and a pyramidal roof with a weathercock. | II\* |
| Threadneedle Well
52°49′16″N 2°58′35″W / 52.82121°N 2.97639°W / 52.82121; -2.97639 (Threadneedle Well) |  | Medieval (probable | The well is in sandstone, and is accessed through a rectangular opening with a lintel set into a wall. | II |
| Abbot's Moor Farmhouse
52°50′11″N 2°55′51″W / 52.83643°N 2.93096°W / 52.83643; -2.93096 (Abbot's Moor Farmhouse) |  | 15th century | The farmhouse was originally timber framed with cruck construction, and was later remodelled and extended. It is in painted brick and stone with a slate roof. There are two storeys and a T-shaped plan, with a hall range and a later gabled range. On the front is a lean-to porch, and the windows are casements. Inside are three true cruck trusses. | II |
| Home Farmhouse
52°48′21″N 2°58′35″W / 52.80578°N 2.97637°W / 52.80578; -2.97637 (Home Farmhouse) |  | 15th century | A farmhouse, later a private house, it was originally timber framed with cruck construction, and was largely rebuilt in the 17th century in red brick. The house has a chamfered sandstone plinth, with bands, and slate roofs. There are two storeys, attics and a cellar, and a U-shaped plan with a two-bay hall range, single-bay cross-wings, and a rear extension with a crow-stepped gable. The doorway has pilasters, panelled reveals, and a flat hood. Most of the windows are sashes, and there is a casement window, a mullioned window, and a mullioned and transomed window. Inside the house are cruck trusses, timber-framed cross-walls, some wattle and daub infill, and a large inglenook fireplace. | II |
| The Twyfords
52°49′47″N 2°58′03″W / 52.82982°N 2.96741°W / 52.82982; -2.96741 (The Twyfords) |  | 16th or 17th century | The farmhouse is timber framed and rendered on a rendered brick plinth, and has a slate roof and two storeys. On the front is a lean-to porch containing ceramic tiles, and the windows are casements, those in the ground floor with segmental heads. | II |
| The Fords
52°50′01″N 2°58′35″W / 52.83362°N 2.97645°W / 52.83362; -2.97645 (The Fords) |  | Early 17th century | The farmhouse has been extended and partly rebuilt. The original part is timber framed, with infill, rebuilding and extensions in red brick, painted and partly rendered on the front and with tile and slate roofs. It is partly in one storey with an attic, and partly in two storeys. There is a rough L-plan, with a two bay hall range, a lower two-bay range to the left, and a gabled cross-wing projecting to the right. One of the porches is timber framed with two storeys, with slightly projecting bressumers, one with dentilled carving, both on carved brackets. The windows are sashes, and there is a gabled dormer. | II |
| Grange Cottage and Old Plough Cottage
52°49′23″N 2°58′12″W / 52.82315°N 2.97012°W / 52.82315; -2.97012 (Grange Cottage and Old Plough Cottage) |  | Mid 17th century | A house, at one time an inn, and later divided into two cottages, the building is timber framed with infill and extensions in red brick, and a slate roof. There is one storey and an attic, two or three bays, and two parallel rear extensions. The doorways have slate hoods, the windows are casements, and there are two gabled dormers. | II |
| Heath House
52°50′34″N 2°57′52″W / 52.84266°N 2.96449°W / 52.84266; -2.96449 (Heath House) |  | 17th century (probable) | A house and integral outbuilding, remodelled and extended in the 18th century. It is partly in rendered timber framing and partly in stone, and has a slate roof. There are two storeys, three bays, and a lean-to outshut at each end. On the front is a small porch, and the windows are casements. | II |
| Two barns, Henbarns Farm
52°50′00″N 2°55′16″W / 52.83335°N 2.92117°W / 52.83335; -2.92117 (Two barns, Henbarns Farm) |  | Mid 17th century | The second barn was built later in the 17th century. Both are timber framed, the older one with iron cladding and weatherboarding, and the later one with painted brick infill. They are on a continuous stone plinth and have corrugated iron roofs. The older barn has a full-height threshing entrance, and the later barn has a loft and eaves hatches. | II |
| Smithy Cottage
52°50′45″N 2°56′39″W / 52.84581°N 2.94408°W / 52.84581; -2.94408 (Smithy Cottage) |  | 17th century | The cottage is in roughcast timber framing with a slate roof. There is one storey and an attic, two bays, and a roughcast brick lean-to at the rear. The windows are casements, and inside is an inglenook fireplace. | II |
| Threadneedle Cottage
52°49′16″N 2°58′33″W / 52.82100°N 2.97590°W / 52.82100; -2.97590 (Threadneedle Cottage) |  | Mid 17th century (probable) | The cottage, which was altered later, is timber framed with painted brick infill and a slate roof. There are two storeys and two bays. In the centre is a doorway with a gabled hood, and the windows are casements. | II |
| Henbarns Farmhouse
52°49′59″N 2°55′16″W / 52.83293°N 2.92116°W / 52.83293; -2.92116 (Henbarns Farmhouse) |  | Late 17th century | The farmhouse is timber framed with red brick infill on a sandstone plinth, and with a slate roof. There are two storeys and an L-shaped plan, consisting of a two-bay range, and a two-bay cross-wing projecting on the right. There is a lean-to porch, and the windows are casements. | II |
| Barn, Manor Farm
52°49′15″N 2°58′46″W / 52.82087°N 2.97940°W / 52.82087; -2.97940 (Barn, Manor Farm) |  | Late 17th century | The barn is timber framed with some weatherboarding on a stone plinth, and has a corrugated iron roof. It contains a wide threshing entrance and a doorway. | II |
| Barn east of Old Farmhouse
52°49′12″N 2°58′32″W / 52.82009°N 2.97542°W / 52.82009; -2.97542 (Barn east of Old Farmhouse) |  | Late 17th century | The barn is timber framed with red brick infill and a slate roof. It contains double doors, two eaves hatches, and air vents. | II |
| Sundial and steps
52°49′13″N 2°58′45″W / 52.82037°N 2.97906°W / 52.82037; -2.97906 (Sundial and steps) |  | 1700 | The sundial is in the churchyard of St Michael's Church, and its pedestal is dated 1748. It has a short column with entasis and a moulded cap, and stands on two circular steps, possibly the base of a medieval churchyard cross. | II |
| Outbuilding and privy, Manor Farm
52°49′17″N 2°58′45″W / 52.82126°N 2.97921°W / 52.82126; -2.97921 (Outbuilding and privy, Manor Farm) |  | c. 1700 (probable) | The outbuilding is timber framed with red brick infill and a slate roof. It has two levels, and contains opposing plank doors, a stable door, and windows, one of which has retained its mullions. The attached privy dates from the mid to late 18th century. It is in red brick with a dentilled eaves cornice at the rear, and a slate roof with coped verges, and contains a segmental-headed doorway. | II |
| L-shaped barn, The Buildings Farm
52°50′50″N 2°56′15″W / 52.84713°N 2.93740°W / 52.84713; -2.93740 (L-shaped barn, The Buildings Farm) |  | c. 1700 (probable) | The barn is timber framed with red brick infill on a high plinth, and has a corrugated iron roof. There are two levels, an L-shaped a west range of two bays, a south range of three bays, and a single-bay brick extension to the east. The barn contains doorways, a threshing entrance, hatches, cross-shaped vents, and a small dovecote. | II |
| Felton Grange
52°49′26″N 2°58′19″W / 52.82382°N 2.97204°W / 52.82382; -2.97204 (Felton Grange) |  | Mid 18th century | The house was altered and extended in the 19th century, and is in red brick with slate roofs. The main range has three storeys and three bays, the middle bay projecting slightly with a gable, and it is flanked by two-storey two-bay gabled wings. In the angle between the main range and the right wing is a two-bay porch with round-headed arches. The main range has canted bay windows and a French window, and the other windows are sashes. | II |
| Manor Farmhouse and wall
52°49′16″N 2°58′46″W / 52.82111°N 2.97937°W / 52.82111; -2.97937 (Manor Farmhouse) |  | Mid 18th century | The farmhouse is in red brick on a plinth with a band, a dentilled eaves cornice, and a slate roof. There are two storeys and a cellar, three bays, a parallel gabled range at the rear on the right, and a single-storey kitchen range at right angles. The doorway has a bracketed hood, and the windows are casements, in the ground floor with chamfered stone lintels, and in the upper floor with segmental heads. At the rear are garden walls in both directions in red brick with stone coping, the one to the left with a round-arched recess and a segmental-headed doorway. | II |
| Barn and wall, Sutton Farm
52°50′15″N 2°57′15″W / 52.83761°N 2.95425°W / 52.83761; -2.95425 (Barn and wall, Sutton Farm) |  | Mid to late 18th century | The barn was remodelled in the 19th century, incorporating fragments probably from elsewhere. It is in limestone with boulder quoins, and has a hipped slate roof. There are two levels, and it contains a casement window and re-used windows with ogee heads and Y-tracery. In the barn is a doorway with pilasters and a bracketed hood. To the left is an extension with a segmental-headed vehicle entrance, and set back to the right is another extension. The wall is in limestone with stone coping, and it contains a flat-arched opening with a large lintel. | II |
| Tedsmore Hall, balustrade, archway and outbuilding
52°49′22″N 2°56′26″W / 52.82276°N 2.94058°W / 52.82276; -2.94058 (Tedsmore Hall) |  | 1768 | A country house that was remodelled in about 1837, and extended in 1878. It is in red brick, refaced on the front and right return in grey sandstone, with extensions in red sandstone, and a slate roof. It is in Tudor Revival style. There are two storeys and attics, and on the front are three gables linked by a coped parapet ending in octagonal corner piers with dome finials. The front has a central porch flanked by a two-storey canted bay window and a broad chimney breast. Attached to the right of the porch is a balustrade, the archway is attached to the billiard room, and attached to the right of the house is a gabled outbuilding. | II |
| Woodhouse including service range
52°51′12″N 2°56′45″W / 52.85321°N 2.94574°W / 52.85321; -2.94574 (Woodhouse) |  | 1773–74 | A country house designed by Robert Mylne, incorporating 17th-century timber framing. It is in red brick on a sandstone plinth, with sandstone dressings and a double-span hipped slate roof. There are two storeys, a continuous moulded entablature and parapet, and Ionic pilasters on the corners and main fronts. The entrance front on the east has seven bays. The centre is recessed and flanked by giant Ionic pilasters. In the recess are two giant Ionic columns, and the doorway has a broken pediment containing a carving of a double-headed eagle. The south front has nine bays, the middle three bays forming a segmental bow window with giant Ionic columns. The windows are sashes, many with segmental heads. The service range projects from the northwest corner, and has three storeys and five bays with a central pediment. | II\* |
| Wall and outbuilding, Felton Grange
52°49′27″N 2°58′20″W / 52.82419°N 2.97222°W / 52.82419; -2.97222 (Wall and outbuilding, Felton Grange) |  | Late 18th century | The wall and outbuilding are in red brick. The wall has stone coping, pilaster strips on the northwest side, and a ball finial at the southwest end. The outbuilding has a pyramidal slate roof with ball finials, and contains a doorway and sash windows. | II |
| Sandford House Farmhouse
52°48′20″N 2°58′33″W / 52.80561°N 2.97580°W / 52.80561; -2.97580 (Sandford House Farmhouse) |  | Late 18th century | The farmhouse, which may contain earlier material, was extended in the 19th century. It is in red brick on a chamfered plinth, with a dentilled eaves cornice, and a slate roof. There are two storeys, an attic and a cellar, a main block of four bays, and a two-storey rear lean-to. The doorway has pilasters, a rectangular fanlight, and a bracketed hood, and the windows are sashes with segmental heads. | II |
| The Brick House
52°49′24″N 2°58′11″W / 52.82336°N 2.96981°W / 52.82336; -2.96981 (The Brick House) |  | Late 18th century | The house, which was later extended, is in red brick on a plinth, partly in sandstone and partly in brick. It has a molded eaves cornice and a slate roof. There are three storeys, and an L-shaped plan with a front of three bays, and a gabled rear wing. The central doorway has pilasters, panelled reveals, a semicircular fanlight, and an open pediment. The windows are sashes, those in the lower two floors with segmental heads, and in the top floor with flat heads and fluted keystones. | II |
| The Buildings Farmhouse
52°50′51″N 2°56′15″W / 52.84749°N 2.93759°W / 52.84749; -2.93759 (L-shaped barn, The Buildings Farmhouse) |  | Late 18th century | The farmhouse, which probably incorporates earlier material, is in red brick with a stepped eaves cornice, and a slate roof with coped verges on carved stone kneelers. There are three storeys, a front of two bays, a rear gabled wing, a dairy in the angle, and two-storey ranges attached to the rear wing. The porch is gabled and the doorway has pilasters, and the windows are casements, most with segmental heads. | II |
| Cider press, The Nursery
52°49′38″N 2°58′14″W / 52.82711°N 2.97068°W / 52.82711; -2.97068 (Cider press, The Nursery) |  | Late 18th century | The cider press is in sandstone with some brick and a slate roof. There is one storey and a loft, and it has an entrance through an elliptical arch with a stone lintel and a projecting keystone. The windows on the long sides have round heads, and in the gable ends they have segmental heads. Inside is a complete stone press. | II |
| Stable block and wall, Woodhouse
52°51′15″N 2°56′45″W / 52.85411°N 2.94583°W / 52.85411; -2.94583 (Stable block and wall, Woodhouse) |  | Late 18th century | The stable block is in red brick with stone dressings, an impost band, and hipped slate roofs. The central part has two storeys and three bays, and is linked by single-storey wings, projecting at right angles and ending in rectangular two-storey pavilions. In the middle of the main block is a round-headed doorway flanked by wide segmental carriage arches, and above are lunettes. Elsewhere in the building are round-headed doorways and windows. Linking the stables to the service range of the house is a red brick wall with stone coping and an arcade of eight blind round-headed arches. | II\* |
| Walls and outbuilding, Woodhouse
52°51′12″N 2°56′50″W / 52.85331°N 2.94726°W / 52.85331; -2.94726 (Walls and outbuilding, Woodhouse) |  | Late 18th century | The walls are in red brick with stone coping. The wall attached to the house is stepped down five times to the west. The other wall surrounds the kitchen garden, and encloses an area of about 110 metres (360 ft) by 70 metres (230 ft). Incorporated into this wall is an outbuilding in red brick with a slate roof that contains some 17th-century material. It has two storeys and a stepped eaves cornice, and contains a casement window and a door approached by three steps. | II |
| Bridge No. 74
52°50′32″N 2°57′54″W / 52.84229°N 2.96496°W / 52.84229; -2.96496 (Bridge No. 74) |  | c. 1796 | A roving bridge over the Montgomery Canal, it is in red brick, and consists of a single elliptical arch. The bridge has a flat string course, a coped parapet, and a ramped approach at right-angles to each side. | II |
| Ice house
52°49′27″N 2°56′15″W / 52.82403°N 2.93742°W / 52.82403; -2.93742 (Ice house) |  | Late 18th to early 19th century | The ice house is in the grounds of Tedsmore Hall. The front is in limestone, and the tunnel and chamber are in brick. A short tunnel leads by a segmental arch into an egg-shaped chamber, and the whole is covered by earth. | II |
| Bentley memorial
52°49′15″N 2°58′45″W / 52.82073°N 2.97903°W / 52.82073; -2.97903 (Bentley memorial) |  | c. 1816 | The memorial is in the churchyard of St Michael's Church, and is to the memory of Peter Bentley and his wife. It is a chest tomb in limestone, and is rectangular with inwardly sloping short sides. The tomb has a moulded plinth and capping on ball supports, a chamfered top ledger with an urn decorated with leaf and rosette motifs, and is surmounted by a flaming torch finial. There is fishscale patterning on the long sides, and a raised oval inscription. | II |
| Lodge Farmhouse, stables and malthouse
52°49′12″N 2°58′36″W / 52.81997°N 2.97679°W / 52.81997; -2.97679 (Lodge Farmhouse) |  | Early 19th century | The farm-house, later a private house, is in red brick on a sandstone plinth, with an eaves cornice, partly moulded and partly dentilled, and a hipped slate roof. There are two storeys and three bays. In the centre is a gabled porch with fretted bargeboards and a round-headed arch with a projecting keystone. Above the door is a semicircular fanlight, and the windows are sashes. The stables to the left are in limestone with a corrugated iron roof. They have two levels, and contain five round-headed arches and two tiers of rectangular vents. The malthouse projecting to the right, is in limestone with a slate roof, and contains a door flanked by segmental-headed windows. In the gable end are three doors, one above the other, with a hoist at the top. | II |
| Morton Bridge
52°48′07″N 3°01′11″W / 52.80192°N 3.01971°W / 52.80192; -3.01971 (Morton Bridge) |  | Early 19th century | The bridge carries the B4396 road over the River Morda. It is in sandstone and consists of a single segmental arch. The bridge has voussoirs, a raised keystone, a string course, and rectangular end pilasters with shallow pyramidal finials. The south parapet is coped. | II |
| Old Farmhouse
52°49′12″N 2°58′32″W / 52.82002°N 2.97567°W / 52.82002; -2.97567 (Old Farmhouse) |  | Early 19th century | The farmhouse is in red brick on a sandstone plinth, with a dentilled eaves cornice and a slate roof. There are two storeys, three bays, and a rear outshut. The central doorway has pilasters and a pediment, and the windows are sashes with stone wedge lintels. | II |
| Milestone at NGR SJ 3417 2643
52°49′53″N 2°58′43″W / 52.83151°N 2.97858°W / 52.83151; -2.97858 (Milestone at NGR SJ 3417 2643) |  | 1826–27 | The milestone is on the west side of Holyhead Road. It is in limestone, with a slightly recessed cast iron plate inscribed with the distances to Holyhead and to "SALOP" (Shrewsbury). | II |
| Milestone at NGR SJ 3487 2503
52°49′08″N 2°58′05″W / 52.81890°N 2.96803°W / 52.81890; -2.96803 (Milestone at NGR SJ 3487 2503) |  | 1826–27 | The milestone is on the west side of Holyhead Road. It is in limestone, with a slightly recessed cast iron plate inscribed with the distances to Holyhead and to "SALOP" (Shrewsbury). | II |
| Milestone at NGR SJ 3525 2350
52°48′19″N 2°57′42″W / 52.80515°N 2.96178°W / 52.80515; -2.96178 (Milestone at NGR SJ 3525 2350) |  | 1826–27 | The milestone is on the southwest side of the A5 road, It is in limestone, with a slightly recessed cast iron plate inscribed with the distances to Holyhead and to "SALOP" (Shrewsbury). | II |
| Twyford House
52°49′45″N 2°58′08″W / 52.82915°N 2.96899°W / 52.82915; -2.96899 (Twyford House) |  | c. 1830 | A red brick house on a sandstone plinth, with a moulded eaves cornice and a parapet, and a slate roof hipped to the right and the rear. There are two storeys and three bays. In the centre is a Doric porch with a moulded entablature, and a doorway with panelled reveals. The windows are sashes with wedge lintels. | II |
| High House
52°48′21″N 2°58′36″W / 52.80584°N 2.97672°W / 52.80584; -2.97672 (High House) |  | Early to mid 19th century | A red brick farmhouse on a sandstone plinth with a dentilled eaves cornice and a slate roof. There are three storeys, three bays, and a two-storey L-shaped rear range. In the centre is a gabled porch, and the windows are casements with segmental heads. | II |
| Rednal Goods Shed
52°50′29″N 2°57′43″W / 52.84144°N 2.96186°W / 52.84144; -2.96186 (Rednal Goods Shed) |  | c. 1848 | The goods shed, later used for other purposes, was built for the Shrewsbury and Chester Railway. It is timber framed with timber cladding, and has a slate roof. There is a rectangular plan, a square-headed wagon entrance at each end, and over the northeastern gable end is a canopy. In the southeastern front is a round-headed cart entrance. | II |
| Rednal Station
52°50′29″N 2°57′38″W / 52.84127°N 2.96065°W / 52.84127; -2.96065 (Rednal Station) |  | 1848 | The station, since closed, was built for the Shrewsbury and Chester Railway, and designed by Thomas Penson in Tudor Revival style. It is built in brick with stone dressings and a slate roof. The main block has two storeys and there is a single-storey wing to the southeast. The entrance is through a gabled projection, and it has a moulded Tudor arch with caving in the spandrels. The other doorways have moulded surrounds, and the windows are mullioned and transomed. On the gable end of the wing is a finial. | II |
| Canal Warehouse
52°50′32″N 2°57′53″W / 52.84234°N 2.96472°W / 52.84234; -2.96472 (Canal Warehouse) |  | Mid 19th century | The warehouse by the side of the Montgomery Canal has two storeys, the lower storey is in brick, and the upper storey is timber framed with brick infill. The gables have wood slatting and plain bargeboards. The warehouse contains loading doors on three sides. | II |
| Archway near The Nursery
52°49′35″N 2°58′13″W / 52.82629°N 2.97032°W / 52.82629; -2.97032 (Archway near The Nursery) |  | Mid 19th century (probable) | The archway in a wall probably re-uses some 13th-century material. It is in sandstone, and the arch is pointed and chamfered and has a hood mould, There are four orders of shafts with plain moulded capitals and plinths. | II |
| Pump and basin, The Fords
52°50′01″N 2°58′36″W / 52.83373°N 2.97664°W / 52.83373; -2.97664 (Pump and basin, The Fords) |  | Mid to late 19th century | The pump is in cast iron, and has a fluted cap, a decorated spout, a pointed dome finial, and a slightly curved handle. The basin is in stone and is rectangular with one end rounded. | II |
| Disused barge house
52°50′05″N 2°58′53″W / 52.83485°N 2.98136°W / 52.83485; -2.98136 (Disused barge house) |  | Late 19th century (probable) | The former barge house has two levels. It is in purple engineering brick with corrugated iron cladding on the upper level, and a corrugated iron roof. It contains four square-headed openings flanked by narrower openings. | II |
| Pump and basin, Woodhouse
52°51′15″N 2°56′44″W / 52.85407°N 2.94566°W / 52.85407; -2.94566 (Pump and basin, Woodhouse) |  | Late 19th century (probable) | The pump in the yard of the stable block is in painted cast iron, and has a plain shaft with a low circular spout. The stone basin is roughly oval-shaped. | II |
|

### Citations

### Sources


title: Pinghe railway station

abstract: Pinghe is a railway station on the Taiwan Railways Administration Taitung line located in Shoufeng Township, Hualien County, Taiwan.

text:
# Pinghe railway station

**Pinghe** (traditional Chinese: 平和車站; simplified Chinese: 平和车站; pinyin: *Pínghé chēzhàn*) is a railway station on the Taiwan Railways Administration Taitung line located in Shoufeng Township, Hualien County, Taiwan.

## History

The station was opened on 20 April 1934.

## InfoBox

| Pinghe Station<br>平和車站 | |
| --- | --- |
| Train station | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Shoufeng, Hualien County, Taiwan |
| Coordinates | 23°52′57.7″N 121°31′14.1″E / 23.882694°N 121.520583°E / 23.882694; 121.520583 |
| Owned by | Taiwan Railways Administration |
| Operated by | Taiwan Railways Administration |
| Line(s) | Taitung |
| Train operators | Taiwan Railways Administration |
| History | |
| Opened | 20 April 1934 |
| Passengers | |
|  | |
| 14 daily (2023) | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Taiwan Railway Following station  Zhixuetowards Badu  Eastern Trunk line  Shoufengtowards Taitung | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Ponthévrard

abstract: Ponthévrard is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France.

text:
# Ponthévrard

**Ponthévrard** (French pronunciation: \[pɔ̃tevʁaʁ\]) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France.

## InfoBox

| Ponthévrard | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The church in Ponthevrard | |
|  | |
| Location of Ponthévrard | |
| PonthévrardPonthévrard | |
| Coordinates: 48°33′08″N 1°54′39″E / 48.5522°N 1.9108°E / 48.5522; 1.9108 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Île-de-France |
| Department | Yvelines |
| Arrondissement | Rambouillet |
| Canton | Rambouillet |
| Intercommunality | CA Rambouillet Territoires |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20212026) | Nathalia Bricaud |
| Area**1** | 2.57 km2 (0.99 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 696 |
| Density | 270/km2 (700/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 78499 /78730 |
| Elevation | 141–164 m (463–538 ft)
(avg. 160 m or 520 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: WAWO

abstract: WAWO is a radio station licensed to Alma, Georgia, United States. The station is currently owned by Blueberry Broadcasting Company, Inc.

text:
# WAWO

**WAWO** (1400 AM) is a radio station licensed to Alma, Georgia, United States. The station is currently owned by Blueberry Broadcasting Company, Inc.

## InfoBox

WAWO
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Frequency | 1400 kHz |
| Programming | |
| Format | Catholic |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Blueberry Broadcasting Company, Inc. |
| History | |
| Former call signs | WULF (?-1994)<br>WAJQ (1994–2011) |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 63861 |
| Class | C |
| Power | 1,000 watts unlimited |
| Transmitter coordinates | 31°31′50.00″N 82°27′45.00″W / 31.5305556°N 82.4625000°W / 31.5305556; -82.4625000 |
| Translator(s) | 99.1 MHz W256DS (Alma) |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |


title: Vera Szemere

abstract: Vera Szemere was a Hungarian actress.

text:
# Vera Szemere

**Vera Szemere** (born **Seligmann** 6 August 1923 – 3 April 1995) was a Hungarian actress.

## Selected filmography

## InfoBox

| Vera Szemere | |
| --- | --- |
| With László Perényi in the 1944 film *Hungarian Eagles* | |
| Born | (1923-08-06)August 6, 1923
Budapest, Kingdom of Hungary |
| Died | April 3, 1995(1995-04-03) (aged 71)
Budapest, Hungary |
| Burial place | Farkasréti Cemetery |
| Education | National Royal Hungarian Academy of Dramatic Arts (1942) |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Years active | 1942–1995 |
| Spouse | Zoltán Várkonyi (married 1946–1979, his death) |
| Children | Gábor Várkonyi |
| Awards | Hungarian Merited Artist Award (1976) |


title: Liudmyla Nazarenko

abstract: Liudmyla Nazarenko is a Ukrainian basketball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Liudmyla Nazarenko

**Liudmyla Nazarenko** (born 13 March 1967) is a Ukrainian basketball player. She competed in the women's tournament at the 1996 Summer Olympics.

## InfoBox

Liudmyla Nazarenko
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Ukrainian |
| Born | (1965-10-04) 4 October 1965<br>Kyiv, Ukraine |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Basketball |
| Medal record      Women's basketball  Representing  Ukraine  European Championships  1995 Czech Republic Team competition | |


abstract: The Madame C.J. Walker Home for Girls and Women, or simply Walker Home, is a historic Italianate building in the Lower Pacific Heights neighborhood of San Francisco, California, U.S.. From 1921 to 1972, the building housed a charitable, community and social services organization for single African American woman new to San Francisco, who were not eligible to use the YWCA. It is listed as a San Francisco Designated Landmark since 1999. The building is now a private residence and is not open to the public.

text:
# Madame C.J. Walker Home for Girls and Women

The **Madame C.J. Walker Home for Girls and Women**, or simply **Walker Home**, is a historic Italianate building in the Lower Pacific Heights neighborhood (or Upper Fillmore) of San Francisco, California, U.S.. From 1921 to 1972, the building housed a charitable, community and social services organization for single African American woman new to San Francisco, who were not eligible to use the YWCA.

It is listed as a San Francisco Designated Landmark since 1999. The building is now a private residence and is not open to the public.

## History

The Madame C.J. Walker Home for Girls and Women was named after Madam C. J. Walker (1867–1919), an African American entrepreneur, philanthropist, and activist; and the first female self-made millionaire in the United States. The Walker Home was financially supported by the Third Baptist Church. It was opened by Irene Bell Ruggles, the president of the California State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs.

From 1921 to 1972, the building housed a community and social services program for single African American woman new to San Francisco, who were not eligible to use the services at the YWCA. The home primarily served to help women find affordable housing and local work, but also served as a community meeting place. In 1926, the basement of the building was converted into a social hall. In the 1930s, the "Beauticians Club" met at the Walker Home. During World War II, the Walker Home became a vital part of the community, supporting an influx of population growth of African Americans moving to the area.

In 1972, the program was moved to Hayes Street and the building was sold as a private residence.

## InfoBox

| Madame C.J. Walker Home for Girls and Women | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | 2066 Pine Street,<br>San Francisco, California, United States |
| Coordinates | 37°47′19″N 122°25′48″W / 37.788631°N 122.429895°W / 37.788631; -122.429895 (Madame C.J. Walker Home for Girls and Women) |
| Built | c.1878 – c.1879 |
| Built for | Third Baptist Church |
| Architectural style(s) | Italianate style |
|  | |
| San Francisco Designated Landmark | |
| Designated | December 12, 1999 |
| Reference no. | 211 |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Madame C.J. Walker Home for Girls and Women in San Francisco CountyMadame C.J. Walker Home for Girls and Women (California) | |


title: Panam Dam

abstract: The Panam Dam is constructed over the Panam River in India. It is located at Santrampur Taluka of Mahisagar district in Gujarat state. Panam is a tributary of the Mahi River, it originates from Devgadh Baria Taluka of Dahod district. The Panam river merges with the Mahi river 25 kilometres (16 mi) downstream of the Panam Dam. A mini hydro power plant of 2 Megawatts capacity was constructed over the Panam canal in 1994. Panam canal is a 99.73 kilometres (61.97 mi) long canal having a capacity of 21 cubic metres (740 cu ft). The construction of the canal was completed in 1999.

text:
# Panam Dam

The **Panam Dam** is constructed over the Panam River in India. It is located at Santrampur Taluka of Mahisagar district in Gujarat state. Panam is a tributary of the Mahi River, it originates from Devgadh Baria Taluka of Dahod district. The Panam river merges with the Mahi river 25 kilometres (16 mi) downstream of the Panam Dam.

A mini hydro power plant of 2 Megawatts capacity was constructed over the Panam canal in 1994. Panam canal is a 99.73 kilometres (61.97 mi) long canal having a capacity of 21 cubic metres (740 cu ft). The construction of the canal was completed in 1999.

## InfoBox

| Panam Dam | |
| --- | --- |
| location in Gujarat | |
| Country | India |
| Location | Mahisagar district |
| Coordinates | 23°03′14.0″N 73°43′01.7″E / 23.053889°N 73.717139°E / 23.053889; 73.717139 |
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | 1971 |
| Opening date | 1999 |
| Construction cost | Rs.128.57 Crore. |
| Dam and spillways | |
| Impounds | Panam river |
| Height (foundation) | 56.36 metres (180 ft) |
| Length | 269.45 metres (880 ft) |
| Spillways | 10 (total spillway length=182m) |
| Spillway type | radial gates |
| Spillway capacity | 10,075 m3/s |
| Reservoir | |
| Creates | Panam Reservoir |
| Total capacity | 737.987 MCM |
| Active capacity | 689.567 MCM |
| Catchment area | 2,312 square kilometres (2.5×1010 sq ft) |
| Surface area | 89.80 square kilometres (970,000,000 sq ft) |
| Power Station | |
| Type | Conventional |
| Turbines | 2 units of 1 Megawatt (MW) |
| Installed capacity | 2 MW |


title: The Ludgate Monthly

abstract: The Ludgate Monthly was a London-based monthly magazine, which published short fiction and articles of general interest. There were 118 issues from May 1891 to February 1901; the magazine then merged with The Universal Magazine. The magazine was published from May 1891 to October 1893 under the title The Ludgate Monthly for 30 issues, from November 1893 to October 1895 under the title The Ludgate Illustrated Magazine for 24 issues, from November 1895 to February 1901 under the title The Ludgate for 64 issues, and was then merged into The Universal Magazine. The Ludgate Weekly was a spinoff magazine which lasted less than a year; the first issue of this weekly had a Conan Doyle story The Great Brown-Pericord Motor. Philip May, was the editor of The Ludgate Monthly from its 1891 inception to 1894. The first issue contained stories by Rudyard Kipling, John Augustus O'Shea, and Florence Marryat. The Ludgate is known for publishing the Red Mask by Rafael Sabatini and some of the earliest stories by C. Ranger Gull. James Nicol Dunn was the second editor, serving from 1895 to 1897.

text:
# The Ludgate Monthly

***The Ludgate Monthly*** was a London-based monthly magazine, which published short fiction and articles of general interest. There were 118 issues from May 1891 to February 1901; the magazine then merged with *The Universal Magazine*.

The magazine was published from May 1891 to October 1893 under the title *The Ludgate Monthly* for 30 issues, from November 1893 to October 1895 under the title *The Ludgate Illustrated Magazine* for 24 issues, from November 1895 to February 1901 under the title *The Ludgate* for 64 issues, and was then merged into *The Universal Magazine*. *The Ludgate Weekly* was a spinoff magazine which lasted less than a year (from 5 March to 1 October 1892); the first issue of this weekly had a Conan Doyle story *The Great Brown-Pericord Motor*.

Philip May (the novelist, not the caricaturist Phil May), was the editor of *The Ludgate Monthly* from its 1891 inception (selling for three pence per copy) to 1894. The first issue contained stories by Rudyard Kipling, John Augustus O'Shea, and Florence Marryat. *The Ludgate* is known for publishing the *Red Mask* by Rafael Sabatini and some of the earliest stories by C. Ranger Gull. James Nicol Dunn was the second editor, serving from 1895 to 1897.

## Editorship

| Editor's name | Years |
| --- | --- |
| Philip May | 1891–1894 |
| James Nicol Dunn | 1895–1897 |
| Henry D. Lowry | 1897–1898 |
| Charles Hyatt-Woolf | 1899–1901 |
|

## InfoBox

*The Ludgate Monthly*
| Frequency | Monthly |
| --- | --- |
| First issue | May 1891 |
| Final issue | February 1901 |
| Country | UK |
| Language | English |


abstract: The 1949–50 St. Francis Terriers men's basketball team represented St. Francis College during the 1949–50 NCAA men's basketball season. The team was coached by Daniel Lynch, who was in his second year at the helm of the St. Francis Terriers. The team was a member of the Metropolitan New York Conference and played their home games at the Bulter Street Gymnasium in their Cobble Hill, Brooklyn campus and at the II Corps Artillery Armory in Park Slope, Brooklyn. Last season the Terriers were the first team in the New York City area to have a basketball game televised, and this season the Terriers had six games televised on WPIX and WOR-TV from the II Corps Artillery Armory.

text:
# 1949–50 St. Francis Terriers men's basketball team

1949–50 Metropolitan New York Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| CCNY | 6 |  | 0 |  | 1.000 |  |  | 24 |  | 5 |  | .828 |
| Fordham | 3 |  | 2 |  | .600 |  |  | 15 |  | 12 |  | .556 |
| Brooklyn | 2 |  | 2 |  | .500 |  |  | 24 |  | 5 |  | .828 |
| No. 9 St. John's | 3 |  | 3 |  | .500 |  |  | 24 |  | 5 |  | .828 |
| Manhattan | 3 |  | 3 |  | .500 |  |  | 14 |  | 11 |  | .560 |
| NYU | 1 |  | 4 |  | .200 |  |  | 8 |  | 11 |  | .421 |
| St. Francis (NY) | 0 |  | 4 |  | .000 |  |  | 8 |  | 18 |  | .308 |
|  | | | | | |
|  | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Rankings from AP Poll | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

The **1949–50 St. Francis Terriers men's basketball team** represented St. Francis College during the 1949–50 NCAA men's basketball season. The team was coached by Daniel Lynch, who was in his second year at the helm of the St. Francis Terriers. The team was a member of the Metropolitan New York Conference and played their home games at the Bulter Street Gymnasium in their Cobble Hill, Brooklyn campus and at the II Corps Artillery Armory in Park Slope, Brooklyn.

Last season the Terriers were the first team in the New York City area to have a basketball game televised, and this season the Terriers had six games televised on WPIX and WOR-TV from the II Corps Artillery Armory.

## Roster

| 1949–50 St. Francis Brooklyn Terriers men's basketball team | |
| --- | --- |
| Players | Coaches |
| Pos. # Name Height Weight Year Previous school Hometown  12 Tom O'Connor **(C)** 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)     23 Jack O'Connor 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)     15 Roy Reardon 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m)  Jr   5 Steve Ellsworth 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)  Jr St. Michael's High School   32 James Luisi **(C)** 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)  Jr Benjamin Franklin High School East Harlem, New York  Ray Rudzinski 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m)  So   13 Martin Conway 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)  So   Bill Paterno 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)     14 Levi Bough 5 ft 11 in (1.8 m)     22 Dick Joyce 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)     21 Tom Quinn 5 ft 11 in (1.8 m)     42 Vin Karwoski 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)     4 Frank Sainato 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m)  Fr   11 Larry Sarcedote 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)  Fr | Head coach Assistant coach(es) Marty O'Donnel
---  Legend* **(C)** Team captain * **(S)** Suspended * **(I)** Ineligible * **(W)** Walk-on |

## Schedule and results

| Date
time, TV | Opponent | Result | Record | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Exhibition | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 1, 1949*
 | vs. Alumni | **W** 64–57 | 1–0
 | Butler Campus Gymnasium
Brooklyn, NY |
| Regular Season | | | | | | | | | | | |
| December 2, 1948*
9:00 pm, WOR-TV | Loyola (Baltimore) | **W** 67–60 | 1–0
 | II Corps Artillery Armory
Brooklyn, NY |
| December 7, 1949*
 | at Villanova | **L** 57–80 | 1–1
 | Palestra (3,000)
Philadelphia, PA |
| December 9, 1949
 | Manhattan | **L** 57–71 | 1–2 (0–1)
 | II Corps Artillery Armory (2,000)
Brooklyn, NY |
| December 14, 1949*
 | at Adelphi | **W** 90–62 | 2–2
 |
Garden City, NY |
| December 16, 1949*
 | at LeMoyne | **W** 78–68 | 3–2
 | Coliseum
Syracuse, NY |
| December 17, 1949*
 | at Siena | **L** 45–62 | 3–3
 | (5,500)
Albany, NY |
| December 19, 1949*
 | at Niagara | **L** 58–65 | 3–4
 |
Niagara Falls, NY |
| January 6, 1950
9:35 pm, WPIX | Fordham | **L** 51–56 | 3–5 (0–2)
 | II Corps Artillery Armory (1,198)
Brooklyn, NY |
| January 11, 1950*
 | at Seton Hall | **L** 64–66 | 3–6
 | Setonia Gymnasium (1,600)
South Orange, NJ |
| January 13, 1950*
9:00 pm, WPIX | National Autonomous University of Mexico | **W** 94–59 | 4–6
 | II Corps Artillery Armory
Brooklyn, NY |
| January 26, 1950
 | at No. 5 St. John's | **L** 46–65 | 4–7 (0–3)
 | DeGray Gymnasium (800)
Brooklyn, NY |
| January 28, 1950*
9:00 pm, WOR-TV | Boston College | **L** 77–81 | 4–8
 | II Corps Artillery Armory
Brooklyn, NY |
| February 1, 1950*
 | at Kent State | **L** 70–78 | 4–9
 | (6,000)
Cleveland, OH |
| February 2, 1950*
 | at Akron | **L** 50–58 | 4–10
 |
Akron, OH |
| February 4, 1950*
 | at New Britain State Teachers College | **W** 59–54 | 5–10
 |
New Britain, CT |
| February 8, 1950
 | No. 14 CCNY | **L** 46–68 | 5–11 (0–4)
 | II Corps Artillery Armory
Brooklyn, NY |
| February 11, 1950*
 | at Scranton | **L** 52–56 | 5–12
 |
Scranton, PA |
| February 13, 1950
 | at Nevada | **L** 62–70 | 5–13
 | (2,000)
Reno, NV |
| February 15, 1950*
 | at Pepperdine | **L** 50–81 | 5–14
 |
Los Angeles, CA |
| February 18, 1950*
 | vs. Santa Clara | **L** 64–76 | 5–15
 | Cow Palace
San Francisco, CA |
| February 19, 1950*
 | at No. 12 San Francisco | **L** 42–73 | 5–16
 | Kezar Pavilion
San Francisco, CA |
| February 24, 1950*
 | Hawaii | **W** 76–54 | 6–16
 | II Corps Artillery Armory (1,500)
Brooklyn, NY |
| March 1, 1950*
 | at Iona | **L** 55–74 | 6–17
 | Westchester County Center
White Plains, NY |
| March 3, 1950*
9:30 pm, WPIX | No. 17 Toledo | **L** 73–85 | 6–18
 | II Corps Artillery Armory
Brooklyn, NY |
| National Catholic Invitation Tournament | | | | | | | | | | | |
| March 29, 1950*
 | vs. Creighton
*First Round* | **W** 67–66 | 7–18
 | Washington Avenue Armory
Albany, NY |
| March 30, 1950*
 | vs. Iona
*Semifinals* | **W** 62–61 | 8–18
 | Washington Avenue Armory
Albany, NY |
| April 1, 1950*
 | at Siena
*Finals* | **L** 50–57 | 8–19
 | Washington Avenue Armory
Albany, NY |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
All times are in Eastern Time. | | | | | | | | | | | |

## National Catholic Invitation Tournament

Originally the tournament was to take place at Loyola College in Baltimore, MD from March 15 to March 22 and feature sixteen teams. Yet, because of segregation and protest from St. Francis College about the unequal treatment of its black players, the tournament was moved to Albany, NY and featured eight teams. Creighton was favored to win the tournament, although they had a 13–13 record going into the tournament the Bluejays had the toughest schedule of the eight competing teams.

## InfoBox

| 194950 St. Francis Terriers men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| National Catholic Invitation Tournament Finals vs. Siena, L 50–57 | |
| Conference | Metropolitan New York Conference |
| Record | 8–19 (0–4 MTNY) |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coach | Marty O'Donnell |
| Home arena | Butler Street Gymnasium
II Corps Artillery Armory |
|


title: Little Limestone Lake

abstract: Little Limestone Lake is a lake located in Little Limestone Lake Provincial Park in northern Manitoba, Canada, about 500 kilometres (310 mi) north of Winnipeg, and 65 kilometres (40 mi) north of the town of Grand Rapids, Manitoba. It is located in the 4,095-hectare (10,120-acre) Little Limestone Lake Park Reserve, an example of karst geology, in the Manitoba Lowlands. The eastern shore is within the traditional territory of the Mosakahiken Cree Nation. Little Limestone Lake Park Reserve is an IUCN protected area. It was designated mainly for conservation of a specific natural feature of outstanding or unique value. The lake is considered to be the largest and most outstanding example of a marl lake in the world. It is a turquoise body of water that changes colour as calcite in the water dissolves or precipitates depending on temperature. When the water is warm, calcite comes out of the solution and forms microscopic crystals, which give the water its milky white colour. The source of the calcite is underground water, which flow into the lake in significant quantity.

text:
# Little Limestone Lake

**Little Limestone Lake** is a lake located in Little Limestone Lake Provincial Park in northern Manitoba, Canada, about 500 kilometres (310 mi) north of Winnipeg, and 65 kilometres (40 mi) north of the town of Grand Rapids, Manitoba. It is located in the 4,095-hectare (10,120-acre) Little Limestone Lake Park Reserve, an example of karst geology, in the Manitoba Lowlands. The eastern shore is within the traditional territory of the Mosakahiken Cree Nation. Little Limestone Lake Park Reserve is an IUCN (World Conservation Union) protected area. It was designated mainly for conservation of a specific natural feature of outstanding or unique value.

The lake is considered to be the largest and most outstanding example of a marl lake in the world. It is a turquoise body of water that changes colour as calcite in the water dissolves or precipitates depending on temperature. When the water is warm, calcite comes out of the solution and forms microscopic crystals, which give the water its milky white colour. The source of the calcite is underground water, which flow into the lake in significant quantity.

## InfoBox

| Little Limestone Lake | |
| --- | --- |
| Little Limestone Lake | |
| Little Limestone LakeLocation of the lake in ManitobaLittle Limestone LakeLittle Limestone Lake (Canada) | |
| Location | Little Limestone Lake Provincial Park, Manitoba, Canada |
| Coordinates | 53°47′N 99°19′W / 53.783°N 99.317°W / 53.783; -99.317 |
| Type | lake |


title: Plague vaccine

abstract: Plague vaccine is a vaccine used against Yersinia pestis to prevent the plague. Inactivated bacterial vaccines have been used since 1890 but are less effective against the pneumonic plague, so live, attenuated vaccines and recombinant protein vaccines have been developed to prevent the disease.

text:
# Plague vaccine

**Plague vaccine** is a vaccine used against *Yersinia pestis* to prevent the plague. Inactivated bacterial vaccines have been used since 1890 but are less effective against the pneumonic plague, so live, attenuated vaccines and recombinant protein vaccines have been developed to prevent the disease.

## Plague immunization

The first plague vaccine was developed by bacteriologist Waldemar Haffkine in 1897. He tested the vaccine on himself to prove that the vaccine was safe. Later, Haffkine conducted a massive inoculation program in British India, and it is estimated that 26 million doses of Haffkine's anti-plague vaccine were sent out from Bombay between 1897 and 1925, reducing the plague mortality by 50%-85%.

A plague vaccine is used for an induction of *active specific immunity* in an organism susceptible to plague by means of administrating an antigenic material (a vaccine) via a variety of routes to people at risk of contracting any clinical form of plague. This method is known as **plague immunization**. There is strong evidence for the efficacy of administration of some plague vaccines in preventing or ameliorating the effects of a variety of clinical forms of infection by *Yersinia pestis*. Plague immunization also encompasses incurring a state of *passive specific immunity* to plague in a susceptible organism after administration of a plague serum or plague immunological in people with an immediate risk of developing the disease.

A systematic review by the Cochrane Collaboration found no studies of sufficient quality to be included in the review, and were thus unable to make any statement on the efficacy of modern vaccines.

## InfoBox

Plague vaccine
| Plague vaccine being administered | |
| --- | --- |
| Vaccine description | |
| Target | Yersinia pestis |
| Vaccine type | Attenuated |
| Clinical data | |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
| ATC code |  |
| Identifiers | |
| ChemSpider | * none |
| UNII |  |
| NY (what is this?)  (verify) | |


title: Pontia chloridice

abstract: Pontia chloridice, the lesser Bath white, is a small butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites. The species is found in steppe zone of Ukraine, Moldova and Russia; east to Transbaikalia, Mongolia, Korea; south to Balkan Peninsula, Turkey, Transcaucasia, Greater Caucasus, Iran, Northern Pakistan, Central Asia, Kazakhstan.

text:
# Pontia chloridice

***Pontia chloridice***, the **lesser Bath white**, is a small butterfly of the family Pieridae, that is, the yellows and whites. The species is found in steppe zone of Ukraine, Moldova and Russia; east to Transbaikalia, Mongolia, Korea; south to Balkan Peninsula, Turkey, Transcaucasia, Greater Caucasus, Iran, Northern Pakistan, Central Asia (including Chitral and Ladakh in Kashmir), Kazakhstan.

## Description

Male upperside ground colour white. The forewing has the discocellulars edged broadly with black on each side; a short broad transverse preapical black bar from costa to vein 6 and another similar short bar further outwards from vein 6 to middle of interspace 4, followed by three outwardly-pointed, somewhat oval, black terminal spots just below the apex. Hindwing: uniform, unmarked. Underside: white. Forewing: the markings as on the upperside, but those at apex green and with a few scattered superposed black scales on the upper preapical bar. Hindwing: basal area green, an oval white spot in middle of cell, a transverse white bar in middle of interspace 7, and the precostal area edged with white above; beyond the cell is a highly sinuous, curved, discal, white band, followed by a complete series of longitudinally rectangular, white, terminal spots, the space between the discal band and the white spots green, this colour continued along the veins that separate the spots up to the termen. Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen fuscous, the antennae with pale tips, the thorax with some white hairs; beneath: head, thorax and abdomen whitish.

Female differs as follows: Upperside, forewing: the black edging to the discocellulars broader; a curved, postdiscal, irregular, macular, black band, the upper three and lowest spot that compose it large, the spot in inter-space 2 small, sometimes subobsolete, the middle two spots of the band coalescent outwardly with the series of terminal black spots, of which there are six (in the male these vary from 3 to 5). Hindwing: an anterior, postdiscal, short, curved, macular, black band, often subobsolete, followed by a more or less complete terminal series of spots at the apices of the veins. Underside: as in the male; also the antennae, head, thorax and abdomen.

## InfoBox

| Lesser Bath white | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pieridae |
| Genus: | *Pontia* |
| Species: | ***P. chloridice*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pontia chloridice***<br>(Hübner, 1813) | |
|


title: WAWC

abstract: WAWC is a radio station broadcasting a country music format. Licensed to Syracuse, Indiana, United States, the station is currently owned by Kensington Digital Media of Indiana, L.L.C., and features programming from Fox News Radio, Compass Media Networks, and Westwood One. Prior to becoming Willie 103.5 at the end of 2006, the station had been known as Hoosier 103.5 which featured pop and rock, Indiana high school and college sports broadcasts and morning show entertainment.

text:
# WAWC

**WAWC** (103.5 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a country music format. Licensed to Syracuse, Indiana, United States, the station is currently owned by Kensington Digital Media of Indiana, L.L.C., and features programming from Fox News Radio, Compass Media Networks, and Westwood One.

Prior to becoming Willie 103.5 at the end of 2006, the station had been known as Hoosier 103.5 which featured pop and rock, Indiana high school and college sports broadcasts and morning show entertainment.

## InfoBox

WAWC
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Broadcast area | Warsaw, Indiana |
| Frequency | 103.5 MHz |
| Branding | ***Willie 103.5 FM*** |
| Programming | |
| Format | Country music |
| Affiliations | Fox News Radio
Compass Media Networks
Westwood One |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Kensington Digital Media of Indiana, L.L.C. |
| Sister stations | WRDI, WRSW, WRSW-FM |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 72487 |
| Class | A |
| ERP | 3,000 watts |
| HAAT | 100.0 meters (328.1 ft) |
| Transmitter coordinates | 41°22′57.00″N 85°41′35.00″W / 41.3825000°N 85.6930556°W / 41.3825000; -85.6930556 |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Webcast | Listen Live |
| Website | willie1035.com |