abstract: Vladimir Horowitz – The Complete Original Jacket Collection is a 70 CD boxed set featuring many of the recordings of the pianist Vladimir Horowitz. The collection contains recordings from 1928 to his final recording session just four days before his death in 1989. Horowitz's recordings for RCA Red Seal and Columbia Masterworks/Sony Classical are included in the set. Recordings that Horowitz made for RCA's European affiliate, HMV, are not included. Nor are the recordings he made with Deutsche Grammophon from 1985 to 1989. It is one of the largest issues in the Original Jacket Collection series, and supersedes two smaller Original Jacket issues of Horowitz material.

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# Vladimir Horowitz – The Complete Original Jacket Collection

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***Vladimir Horowitz – The Complete Original Jacket Collection*** is a 70 CD boxed set featuring many of the recordings of the pianist Vladimir Horowitz. The collection contains recordings from 1928 to his final recording session just four days before his death in 1989. Horowitz's recordings for RCA Red Seal and Columbia Masterworks/Sony Classical are included in the set. Recordings that Horowitz made for RCA's European affiliate, HMV, are not included. Nor are the recordings he made with Deutsche Grammophon from 1985 to 1989. It is one of the largest issues in the Original Jacket Collection series, and supersedes two smaller Original Jacket issues of Horowitz material.

## Overview

The box includes 70 CDs, all of which are stored in individual sleeves. Also included is a 200-page booklet which includes track listings, recording dates, an essay by producer Jon Samuels, and a chronology of Horowitz's life. The original LP album format is used along with the original album front and back covers and content sequencing. Liner notes are included only in cases where they appeared on the back covers of the original LPs.

Horowitz's first audio recordings were made on 78rpm disks. After the LP came into use in the late 1940s, all of Horowitz's recordings were issued in this format. In addition, until the early 1950s, some of Horowitz's recordings were issued on 78rpm, 45rpm, and LP. Many, but not all, of the pianist's older recordings were transferred to LP.

Those 78rpm recordings which were never issued on LP are contained on a separate disc with newly created cover art. Several of the recordings which post-date the demise of the LP use the original CD covers instead of LP covers. The set also contains two previously unissued recitals: March 5, 1951 at Carnegie Hall; and November 12, 1967 at Whitman Auditorium, Brooklyn College.

The recordings from 1959 onward are in stereophonic sound, and from 1981 onward the recordings were made digitally. Previously issued material uses the best existing transfers, while the new material is newly remastered.

On October 1, 2010 - the 107th anniversary of Horowitz's birth - The Complete Original Jacket Collection won Gramophone's award for best CD reissue.

## Contents

| Disc No. | Original LP catalog No. | Album details | Recording year(s) | Record label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | LM-1014 | ***Mussorgsky: Pictures at an Exhibition*** | 1947 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 2 | LM-1016 | ***Prokofiev & Kabalevsky**** Prokofiev: Sonata No. 7, Op. 83 * Kabalevsky: Sonata No. 3 | 1945–1947 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 3 | LM-1027 | ***Beethoven & Mozart**** Beethoven: Sonata in C-sharp Minor, Op. 27, No. 2 "Moonlight" * Mozart: Sonata in F Major, K. 332 | 1946–1947 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 4 | LM-1109 | ***Schumann & Chopin:*** * Schumann: Kinderszenen, Op. 15 * Chopin: Seven Mazurkas | 1949 / 1950 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 5 | LM-1113 | ***Chopin & Barber*** * Chopin: Sonata in B-flat Minor, Op. 35 * Barber: Sonata, Op. 26 | 1950 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 6 | LCT-1012 | ***Tchaikovsky: Piano Concerto in B-flat Minor, Op. 23*** | 1941 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 7 | LM-1137 | ***Chopin**** Chopin: Andante Spianato & Grand Polonaise in E-flat Major, Op. 22 / Waltzes, Op. 34, No. 2 & Op. 64, No. 2/ Mazurka in F Minor, Op. 7, No. 3 / Polonaise in A-flat Major, Op. 53 / | 1945–1947 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 8 | LM-106 | ***Brahms: Sonata in D Minor for Violin and Piano, Op. 108*** | 1950 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 9 | LM-1025 | ***Brahms: Piano Concerto in B-flat Major, Op. 83**** NBC Symphony Orchestra / Arturo Toscanini, Conductor | 1940 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 10 | LM-1171 | ***Horowitz Encores**** Horowitz: Variations on a Theme from Bizet’s Carmen * Mussorgsky: By the Water (arr. Horowitz) * Bach – Busoni: Chorale Prelude BWV599 'Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland' * Mozart: Rondo alla turca from Sonata, K. 331 * Schumann: Traumerai * Mendelssohn: Songs without Words: “Elegie”, Op. 85, No. 4; “Spring Song”, Op. 62, No. 6 * Debussy: Serenade for the Doll * Prokofiev: Toccata, Op. 11 | 1946–1947 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 11 | LM-1178 | ***Rachmaninoff: Piano Concerto No. 3 in D Minor, Op. 30*** | 1951 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 12 | LM-1235 | ***Chopin & Liszt**** Chopin: Sonata in B-flat Minor, Op. 35 / Ballade in G Minor, Op. 23 / Nocturne, Op. 15, No. 2 * Liszt: Au bord d’une source / Hungarian Rhapsody No. 6 in D-flat Major | 1947–1950 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 13 | LM-1718 | ***Beethoven: Piano Concerto in E-flat Major, Op. 73 “Emperor”**** RCA Victor Symphony Orchestra / Fritz Reiner, Conductor | 1952 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 14 | LM-1707 | ***Chopin*** * Ballade in A-flat Major, Op. 47 / Ballade in F Minor, Op. 52 / Etude in E Major, Op. 10, No. 3 / Impromptu in A-flat Major, Op. 29 / Nocturne in F Minor, Op. 55, No. 1 / Scherzo in B Minor, Op. 20 | 1949–1952 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 15 | LM-9021 | ***Mendelssohn & Liszt*** * Mendelssohn: Variations serieuses, Op. 54 / Wedding March & Variations (arr. Liszt – Horowitz) * Liszt: Valse Oubliee No. 1 / Sonetto del Petrarcha No. 104 / Racokzy March | 1946–1951 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 16a & 16b | LM-6014 | ***25th Anniversary Recital*** * Schubert: Sonata in B-flat Major, D. 960 * Chopin: Nocturne in E Minor, Op. 72, No. 1 / Scherzo in B Minor, Op. 20 / Waltz in A Minor, Op. 34, No. 2 * Scriabin: Sonata No. 9, Op. 68 “Black Mass” / Etude in B-flat Minor, Op. 8, No. 11 / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 42, No. 5 * Liszt: Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2 * Debussy: Serenade for the Doll * Prokofiev: Precipitato from Sonata No. 7, Op. 83 | 1953 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 17 | LM-1902 | ***Horowitz plays Clementi*** * Sonata in G Minor, Op. 34, No. 2 / Sonata in F Minor, Op. 14, No. 3 / Sonata in F-sharp Minor, Op. 26, No. 2 | 1954 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 18 | LM-2005 | ***Horowitz plays Scriabin*** * Sonata in F-sharp Minor, Op. 23 * 16 Preludes | 1955 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 19 | LM-2009 | ***Beethoven: Moonlight and Waldstein Sonatas*** * Sonata in C-sharp Minor, Op. 27, No. 2 "Moonlight" / Sonata in C Major, Op. 53 "Waldstein" | 1956 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 20 | LM-1957 | ***Horowitz in Recital*** * Schumann: Variations on a theme by Clara Wieck * Scarlatti: Sonata in E Major, K. 380 * Chopin: Mazurka in B-flat Minor, Op. 24, No. 4 / Polonaise Fantasie, OP. 61 * Haydn: Sonata No. 62 in E-flat Major * Moszkowski: Etincelles, Op. 36, No. 6 * Scriabin: Preludes Op. 11, No. 5 and Op. 22, No. 1 * Sousa: The Stars and Stripes Forever (arr. Horowitz) | 1951 / 1956 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 21 | LM-2137 | ***Horowitz plays Chopin*** * Scherzos: B-flat Minor, Op. 31; C-sharp Minor, Op. 39 * Nocturnes: B Major, Op. 9, No. 3; F Major, Op. 15, No. 1; C-sharp Minor, Op. 27, No. 1; E-flat Major, Op. 9, No. 2 * Barcarolle, Op. 60 | 1957 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 22 | LM-2319 | ***Tchaikovsky: Piano Concerto in B-flat Minor, Op. 23*** * NBC Symphony Orchestra / Arturo Toscanini, Conductor | 1943 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 23 | LM-2357 | ***Mussorgsky: Pictures at an Exhibition*** | 1951 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 24 | LSC-2366 | ***Beethoven Sonatas*** * Sonata in D Major, Op. 10, No. 3 / Sonata in F Minor, Op. 57 “Appassionata” | 1959 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 25a & 25b | LD-7021 | ***The Horowitz Collection*** * Czerny: Variation on a Theme by Rode *La Ricordanza* * Mozart: Sonata in F Major, K. 332 * Clementi: Rondo from Sonata in B-flat Major, Op. 24, No. 2 * Schumann: Variations on a Theme by Clara Wieck / Träumerei * Mendelssohn: Songs without Words: Elegie, Op. 85, No. 4; Spring Song, Op. 62, No. 6; Shepherd’s Complaint, Op. 67, No. 5 * Chopin: Andante Spianato and Grand Polonaise in E-flat Major, Op. 22 * Scriabin: Sonata No. 9, Op. 68 “Black Mass” * Barber: Sonata, Op. 26 * Prokofiev: Sonata No. 7, Op. 83 * Moszkowski: Etude in A-flat Major, Op. 72, No. 11 * Saint-Saens: Danse Macabre (arr. Liszt – Horowitz) | 1942–1953 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 26 | LM-2993 | ***The Young Horowitz*** * Kabalevsky: Sonata No. 3 * Tchaikovsky: Dumka, Op. 59 * Scarlatti – Tausig: Capriccio * Chopin: Mazurka, Op. 30, No. 4 / Waltz, Op. 64, No. 2 * Liszt: Paganini Etude in E-flat Major * Debussy: Serenade for the Doll * Horowitz: Dance Excentrique * Dohnanyi: Concert Etude (Capriccio), Op. 28, No. 6 | 1928–1947 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 27 | VIC-1605 | ***The Great Horowitz plays Favorite Chopin***  Ballade in G Minor, Op. 23 / Waltz, Op. 64, No. 2 / Impromptu in A-flat Major, Op. 29 / Nocturne in E-flat Major, Op. 9, No. 2 / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 10, No. 4 / Scherzo in B Minor, Op. 20 / Mazurka, Op. 50, No. 3 / Andante Spianato and Grand Polonaise in E-flat Major, Op. 22 | 1946–1953 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 28 | VICS-1649 | ***Great Romantic Piano Favorites*** * Schubert: Impromptu, D. 899, No. 3 (arr. Von Bulow) * Liszt: Valse oubliee * Mendelssohn: Songs without Words: Elegie, Op. 85, No. 4 ; Spring Song, Op. 62, No. 6; Shepherd’s complaint, Op. 67, No. 5 * Chopin: Nocturne, Op. 15, No. 2 / Mazurka in F Minor, Op. 7, No. 3 * Brahms: Intermezzo, Op. 117, No. 2 / Waltz in A-flat, Op. 39, No. 15 * Liszt: Funérailles | 1946–1957 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 29 | ARL1-1766 | ***The Horowitz Concerts: 1975-1976*** * Schumann: Sonata in F Minor, Op. 14 (Concerto without Orchestra) * Scriabin: Sonata No. 5, Op. 53 | 1976 | RCA Red Seal |
| 30 | ARL1-2548 | ***Golden Jubilee Recital (The Horowitz Concerts: 1977-1978)*** * Liszt: Sonata in B Minor * Faure: Impromptu in F sharp Minor, Op. 102 / Nocturne in B Minor, Op. 119 | 1976 | RCA Red Seal |
| 31 | CRL1-2633 | ***Golden Jubilee Concert*** * Rachmaninoff: Piano Concerto in D Minor, Op. 30  New York Philharmonic / Eugene Ormandy, Conductor | 1978 | RCA Red Seal |
| 32 | ARL1-3433 | ***The Horowitz Concerts: 1978-1979*** * Schumann: Humoreske, Op. 20 * Rachmaninoff: Barcarolle, Op. 10, No. 3 / Humoresque, Op. 10, No. 5 * Liszt: Consolation in D-flat Major / Mephisto Waltz No. 1 | 1979 | RCA Red Seal |
| 33 | ARL1-3775 | ***The Horowitz Concerts: 1979-1980*** * Schumann: Fantasiestücke, Op. 111 / Nachtstücke, Op. 23, No. 3 & 4 * Mendelssohn: Scherzo a capriccio * Rachmaninoff: Sonata in B-flat Minor, Op. 36 | 1980 | RCA Red Seal |
| 34 | ARC1-4585 | ***Horowitz at the Met*** * Scarlatti: Six Sonatas * Chopin: Ballade in F Minor, Op. 52 / Waltz in A-flat Major, Op. 69, No. 1 * Liszt: Ballade in B Minor, S. 171 * Rachmaninoff: Prelude in G Minor, Op. 23, No. 5 | 1981 | RCA Red Seal |
| 35 | ARL1-4322 | ***Horowitz on Tour: 1979-1980*** * Clementi: Sonata quasi Concerto in C Major, Op. 33, No. 3 * Chopin: Barcarolle, Op. 50 / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 25, No. 7 / Etude in G-flat Major, Op. 10, No. 5 “Black Keys” * Rachmaninoff: Prelude in G Major, Op. 32, No. 5 / Moment Musicale in E-flat Minor, Op. 16, No. 2 / Polka de WR | 1977–1980 | RCA Red Seal |
| 36 | ARC1-4572 | ***Horowitz in London*** * Traditional: God Save the Queen * Chopin: Polonaise-Fantasie, Op. 61 / Ballade in G Minor, Op. 23 * Schumann: Kinderszenen, Op. 15 * Scriabin: Etude in D-sharp Minor, Op. 8, No. 12 | 1982 | RCA Red Seal |
| 37 |  | ***Horowitz***  (Compilation of recordings never issued on LP) * Scarlatti: Six Sonatas * Chopin: Nocturne, Op. 72, No. 1 / Mazurka in A Minor, Op. 17, No. 4 / * Liszt: Valse oubliee * Moszkowski: Etude in F Major, Op. 72, No. 6 * Mendelssohn: Song without Words, “May Breezes”, Op. 62, No. 1 * Horowitz: Variations on a Theme from Bizet’s Carmen (1928 & 1957 recordings) * Sousa: The Stars and Stripes Forever | 1930–1975 | RCA Red Seal |
| 38 | KS-6371 | ***Columbia Records presents Vladimir Horowitz*** * Chopin: Sonata in B-flat Minor, Op. 35 * Rachmaninoff: Etude-Tableaux in C Major, Op. 33, No. 2 / Etude-Tableaux in E-flat Minor, Op. 39, No. 5 * Schumann: Arabeske, Op. 18 * Liszt: Hungarian Rhapsody No. 19 in D Minor, S. 244, No. 19 (arr. Horowitz) | 1962 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 39 | MS-6411 | ***The Sound of Horowitz*** * Schumann: Kinderszenen, Op. 15 / Toccata, Op. 7 * Scarlatti: Sonata in E Major, K. 531 / Sonata in A Major, K. 322 / Sonata in G Major, K. 455 * Schubert: Impromptu in G-flat Major, D. 899, No. 3 * Scriabin: Poeme in F-sharp Major, Op. 32, No. 2 / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 2, No. 1 / Etude in D-sharp Minor, Op. 8, No. 12 | 1962 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 40 | MS-6541 | ***Horowitz in his first recordings of…*** * Beethoven: Sonata in C Minor, Op. 13 "Pathetique" * Debussy: Three Preludes from Book II * Chopin: Etude in C Minor, Op. 10, No. 12 "Revolutionary" / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 25, No. 7  ---  * Chopin: Scherzo in B Minor, Op. 20 | 1963 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 41 | MS-6658 | ***Horowitz plays Scarlatti**** Scarlatti: Sonatas K. 162, K. 474, K. 198, K. 491, K. 481, K. 39, K. 547, K. 197, K. 25, K. 52, K. 201, K. 303 | 1964 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 42a & 42b | M2S-728 | ***An Historic Return: Horowitz at Carnegie Hall*** A recording of his first concert in twelve years.
* Bach – Busoni: Toccata in C Major, BWV 564/565 * Schumann: Fantasie in C major, Op. 17 / Träumerei * Scriabin: Sonata No. 9, Op. 68 “Black Mass” / Poeme in F-sharp Major, Op. 32 / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 2, No. 1 * Chopin: Mazurka in C-sharp Minor, Op. 30, No. 4 / Etude in F Major, Op. 10, No. 8 / Ballade in G Minor, Op. 23 * Debussy: Serenade for the Doll * Moszkowski: Etude in A-flat Major, Op. 72, No. 11 | 1965 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 43a & 43b | M2S-757 | ***Horowitz in Concert***  The 1966 Carnegie Hall recitals
* Haydn: Sonata No. 23 in F Major * Schumann: Blumenstücke, Op. 19 * Scriabin: Sonata No. 10, Op. 70 * Debussy: L'isle joyeuse * Mozart: Sonata in A Major, K. 331 * Chopin: Nocturne in E Minor, Op. 72, No. 1 / Mazurka in B Minor, Op. 33, No. 4 * Liszt: Vallee d’Obermann | 1966 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 44 | MS-7106 | ***Horowitz on Television*** * Chopin: Ballade in G Minor, Op. 23 / Nocturne in F Minor, Op. 55, No. 1 / Polonaise in F-sharp Minor, Op. 44 * Scarlatti: Sonata in E major, K. 380 / Sonata in G major, K. 55 * Schumann: Arabeske, Op. 18 / Träumerei * Scriabin: Etude in D-sharp Minor, Op. 8, No. 12 * Horowitz: Variations on a Theme from Bizet’s Carmen | 1968 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 45 | MS-7264 | ***Horowitz - Schumann*** * Schumann: Variations on a Theme by Clara Wieck / Kreisleriana, Op. 16 | 1969 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 46 | M-30464 | ***Horowitz plays Rachmaninoff*** * Sonata in B-flat Minor, Op. 36 / Prelude in G-sharp Minor, Op. 32, No. 12 / Moment Musicale in B Minor, Op. 16, No. 3 / Etude – Tableaux in E-flat Minor, Op. 33, No. 6 / Etude – Tableaux in C Major, Op. 33, No. 2 / Etude – Tableaux in D Major, Op. 39, No. 9 | 1967–1968 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 47 | M-30643 | ***Horowitz plays Chopin*** * Polonaise Fantasie, Op. 61 / Mazurka in A Minor, Op. 17, No. 4 / Etude in G-flat Major, Op. 10, No. 4 “Black Key” / Introduction & Rondo in E-flat Major, Op. 16 / Waltz in A Minor, Op. 34, No. 2 / Polonaise in A-flat Major, Op. 53 | 1966 / 1971 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 48 | M-31620 | ***Horowitz plays Scriabin*** * Album Leaf, Op. 45, No. 1 / Etude in F-sharp Minor, Op. 8, No. 2 / Etude in B-flat Minor, Op. 8, No. 11 / Etude in D-flat Major, Op. 8, No. 10 / Etude in A-flat Major, Op. 8, No. 8 / Etude in F-sharp Major, Op. 42, No. 3 / Etude in F-sharp Major, Op. 42, No. 4 / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 42, No. 5 / Sonata No. 10, Op. 70 / Poèmes, Op. 69: Nos. 1 & 2 / Vers la flamme, Op. 72 | 1966 / 1972 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 49 | M-32342 | ***Beethoven: Moonlight Sonata / Schubert: Impromptus*** * Beethoven: Sonata in C-sharp Minor, Op. 27, No. 2 "Moonlight" * Schubert: Impromptu in A-flat Major, D. 899, No. 4 / Impromptu in F Minor, D. 935, No. 1 / Impromptu in A-flat Major, D. 935, No. 2 / Impromptu in E-flat Major, D. 899, No. 2 | 1972–1973 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 50 | M-31381 | ***Beethoven: Appassionata & Waldstein Sonatas*** * Sonata in F Minor, Op. 57 "Appassionata" / Sonata in C Major, Op. 53 "Waldstein" | 1972 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 51 | M-32932 | ***New Recordings of Chopin*** * Mazurka in F-sharp Minor, Op. 59, No. 3 / Mazurka in C-sharp Minor, Op. 50, No. 3 / Mazurka in D-flat Major, Op. 30, No. 3 / Mazurka in F Minor, Op. 7, No. 3 / Mazurka in E Minor, Op. 41, No. 2 / Mazurka in D Major, Op. 33, No. 2 / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 10, No. 4 / Etude in E Major, Op. 10, No. 3 / Etude in C Minor, Op. 10, No. 12 / Waltz in C-sharp Minor, Op. 64, No. 2 / Polonaise in A Major, Op. 40, No. 1 | 1968 / 1972-1973 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 52a & 52b | M2-34256 | ***Concert of the Century***  In Celebration of the 85th Anniversary of Carnegie Hall * Beethoven: Leonore Overture, No. 3, Op. 72a * Tchaikovsky: Pezzo elegiaco from Piano Trio in A minor, Op. 50 * Rachmaninoff: Andante from Sonata for cello and piano in G minor, Op. 19     + Mstislav Rostropovich, Cello / Vladimir Horowitz, Pianist * Schumann: Dichterliebe, Op. 48 * Bach: Concerto for 2 violins, strings & continuo in D minor, BWV 1043     + Isaac Stern, Violin / Yehudi Menuhin, Violin / New York Philharmonic / Leonard Bernstein, Conductor * Tchaikovsky: Pater Noster, from Liturgy of St John Chrysostom, Op. 41 * Handel: Hallelujah chorus from Messiah, HWV 56     + New York Philharmonic / Oratorio Society / Lyndon Woodside, Conductor / Vladimir Horowitz, Isaac Stern, Leonard Bernstein, Yehudi Menuhin, Mstislav Rostropovich, Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau, Assisting Vocalists | 1976 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 53a & 53b |  | ***Horowitz***  (Compilation of posthumously issued Columbia Recordings) * Scarlatti: Sonata in G Major, K. 547 / Sonata in B Minor, K. 197 / Sonata in F-sharp Minor, K. 25 / Sonata in D Minor, K. 5 / Sonata in G Major, K. 201 / Sonata in C Minor, K. 303 / Sonata in F-sharp Major, K. 319 / Sonata in G Major, K. 260 * Bach-Busoni: Chorale Prelude “Ich ruf zu dir, Herr Jesu Christ” BWV 639+ * Haydn: Sonata No. 48 in C Major * Clementi: Rondo from Sonata in E-flat Major, Op. 12, No. 2 / Adagio Sostenuto in F major, Op. 44 Book 1, No. 14, from Gradus ad Parnassum / Rondo from Sonata in B-flat Major, Op. 25, No. 3 / Adagio from Sonata in A major, Op. 50, No. 1 * Beethoven: Sonata in A Major, Op. 101 * Mendelssohn: Etude in A Minor, Op. 104b, No. 3 * Chopin: Etude in A-flat Major, from Trois Nouvelles etudes / Etude No. 6 in E flat minor, Op. 10, No. 6 / Prelude in D flat major, Op. 28, No. 15 * Medtner: Fairy Tales in A Major, Op. 51 No 3+ * Scriabin: Feuillet d'album, Op. 58 / Etude, Op. 65, No. 3 * Liszt: Consolation in E major, S. 172, No. 2 / Liszt: Scherzo and March, S. 177 * Debussy: Prelude: La terrasse des audiences du clair de lune / Etude: Pour les arpèges composés  +Limited release on Christmas LP as promotional tie-in with Goodyear Tire in 1969 | 1962–1972 | Columbia Masterworks |
| 54 |  | ***The Private Collection, Volume 1*** * Bach: Toccata in C Minor, BWV. 911 * Clementi: Sonata in A Major, Op. 33, No. 1 / Sonata in B-flat Major, Op. 24, No. 2 Allegro con brio / Sonata in C Major, Op. 34, No. 1 Un poco andante, quasi allegretto * Mendelssohn: Song without Words in B-flat Major, Op. 67, No. 3 * Chopin: Fantasy in F Minor, Op. 49 / Polonaise in C-sharp Minor, Op. 26, No. 1 / Mazurka in B Minor, Op. 30, No. 2 * Liszt: Consolations, Nos. 4 and 5, S. 172 * Rachmaninoff: Etude-Tableaux in C Minor, Op. 39 No.7 | 1945–1950 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 55 |  | ***The Private Collection, Volume 2*** * Debussy: Etudes, Book I: Nos. 4, 1, & 6 * Prokofiev: Intermezzo and Valse lente from the ballet Cinderella * Poulenc: Intermezzo No 2 in D-flat Major / Novelette No 1 in C Major * Kabalevsky: Preludes, Op. 38, Nos. 1, 10, 17, 3, 16, 8, 22, 24 / Sonata No. 2 in E-flat Major, Op. 45 * Barber: Excursions, Op. 20, Nos. 1, 2, & 4 | 1945–1949 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 56a & 56b |  | ***Horowitz ReDiscovered***  The Carnegie Hall recital of November 16, 1975
* Schumann: Blumenstück, Op. 19 / Piano Sonata in F Minor, Op. 14 ('Concerto Without Orchestra') * Rachmaninoff: Prelude in G Major, Op. 32, No. 5 / Etude-Tableaux in E-flat Minor, Op. 39, No. 5 / Etudes-Tableaux in D Major, Op. 39, No. 9 * Liszt: Valse oubliée No. 1, S. 215, No. 1 / Au Bord d'une source, S. 160 * Chopin: Waltz in A Minor, Op. 34, No. 2 / Scherzo in B Minor, Op. 20 * Debussy: Serenade to a Doll * Schumann: Träumerei * Moszkowski: Étincelles, Op. 36, No. 6 | 1975 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 57a & 57b |  | ***Horowitz Live & Unedited***  The Carnegie Hall recital of May 9, 1965
* Bach – Busoni: Toccata in C Major, BWV 564/565 * Schumann: Fantasy in C Major, Op. 17 / Träumerei * Scriabin: Sonata No. 9, Op. 68 “Black Mass” / Poeme in F-sharp Major, Op. 32 / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 2, No. 1 * Chopin: Mazurka in C-sharp Minor, Op. 30, No. 4 / Etude in F Major, Op. 10, No. 8 / Ballade in G Minor, Op. 23 * Debussy: Serenade for the Doll * Moszkowski: Etude in A-flat Major, Op. 72, No. 11  ---  * Schumann: Kinderszenen, Op. 15 | 1962 / 1965 | Sony Classical |
| 58 | SK-45818 | ***The Last Recording*** * Haydn: Sonata No. 49 in E flat major * Chopin: Mazurka in C minor, Op. 56, No. 3 / Nocturne E flat major, Op. 55, No. 2 / Fantasy-Impromptu in C sharp minor, Op. 66 / Etude in A-flat major, Op. 25, No. 1 / Nocturne in B major, Op. 62, No. 1 * Liszt: Weinen, Klagen, Sorgen, Zagen, prelude (after J. S. Bach) * Wagner-Liszt: Isolde’s Liebestod | 1989 | Sony Classical |
| 59a & 59b |  | ***Previously unreleased recital: March 5, 1951***  Carnegie Hall
* Schumann: Variations on a Theme by Clara Wieck * Mozart: Sonata in B-flat Major, K. 333 * Prokofiev: Sonata No. 7, Op. 83 * Chopin: Polonaise in C-sharp Minor, Op. 26, No. 1 / Polonaise in A Major, Op. 44, No. 1 / Etude in E-flat Minor, Op. 10, No. 6 / Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 10, No. 4 / Waltz in A Minor, Op. 34, No. 2 * Liszt: Valse oubliee / Hungarian Rhapsody No. 6 * Scarlatti: Sonata in A Major, K. 322 * Mendelssohn: Song without Words “May Breezes”, Op. 62, No. 1 * Scriabin: Etude in C-sharp Minor, Op. 2, No. 1 * Moszkowski: Etincelles, Op. 36, No. 6 | 1951 | RCA Victor Red Seal |
| 60a & 60b |  | ***Previously unreleased recital: November 12, 1967***  Whitman Auditorium, Brooklyn College
* Beethoven: Sonata in A Major, Op. 101 * Chopin: Barcarolle, Op. 61 / Nocturne in F Minor, Op. 55, No. 1 / Polonaise in F-sharp Minor, Op. 44 / Mazurka in F Minor, Op. 7, No. 3 * Scarlatti: Sonata in F-sharp Major, K. 319 / Sonata in G Major, K. 260 * Schumann: Arabeske, Op. 18 / Träumerei * Rachmaninoff: Etude – Tableaux in E-flat Minor, Op. 39, No. 5 / Etude in D Major, Op. 39, No. 9 * Horowitz: Variations on a Theme from Bizet's Carmen | 1967 | Columbia Masterworks |

## InfoBox

| Vladimir Horowitz - The Complete Original Jacket Collection | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Box set by Vladimir Horowitz | |
| Released | December 1, 2009 |
| Recorded | 1928–1989 |
| Genre | Classical |
| Label | Sony/BMG Masterworks |
| Producer | Jon Samuels |


title: Vladimir Hütt

abstract: Vladimir Hütt was an Estonian philosopher. He was born in Leningrad, Russia RFSR and move to Estonia after the annexation of Estonia by the USSR. Hütt, a physicist by education, mostly dealt with philosophy of physics, scientific world-view and the theory of cognition. His works followed the Marxist line of thought that was official in the USSR. Most of Hütt's works were published in Russian. In 1979 Hütt published a monographic overview entitled "Philosophical Problems of Physics in Soviet Estonia in 30 Years 1948–1978", where he expounded his philosophical ideas about the complementarity and objectivity in physical knowledge. In 1980s, he worked at the Obninsk State Technical University for Nuclear Power Engineering as the head of the chair of social sciences and philosophy. During the Perestroika era, he remained a committed communist, supporting the pro-Soviet Intermovement after its founding in the late 1980s.

text:
# Vladimir Hütt

**Vladimir Hütt** (18 April 1936 in Leningrad – 4 June 1997) was an Estonian philosopher. He was born in Leningrad, Russia RFSR and move to Estonia after the annexation of Estonia by the USSR. Hütt, a physicist by education, mostly dealt with philosophy of physics, scientific world-view and the theory of cognition. His works followed the Marxist line of thought that was official in the USSR. Most of Hütt's works were published in Russian. In 1979 Hütt published a monographic overview entitled *"Philosophical Problems of Physics in Soviet Estonia in 30 Years 1948–1978"*, where he expounded his philosophical ideas about the complementarity and objectivity in physical knowledge. In 1980s, he worked at the Obninsk State Technical University for Nuclear Power Engineering as the head of the chair of social sciences and philosophy. During the Perestroika era, he remained a committed communist, supporting the pro-Soviet Intermovement after its founding in the late 1980s.

## Publications

* *Filosofskie voprosy fiziki v sovetskoj Estonii za 30 let (1948-1978)*, Published by AN ESSR, 1979 ('Philosophical questions of physics in the Soviet Estonia during 30 years (1948–1978)')
* *Abiks õpetajale-propagandistile* (Teacher's propaganda guide), Eesti NSV Õpetajate Täiendusinstituut, Published by Eesti NSV Haridusministeerium, 1984
* Рецепция философии М. Хайдеггера в Эстонии : проблемно-аналитический обзор. Москва : ИНИОН, 1991 (On the reception of Heidegger's philosophy in Estonia)


title: Voskresensky Novodevichy monastery

abstract: Voskresensky Novodevichy monastery in St. Petersburg, Russia, is a convent of the St. Petersburg diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church near the Moscow outpost at 100 Moskovsky Prospekt.

text:
# Voskresensky Novodevichy monastery

**Voskresensky Novodevichy monastery** in St. Petersburg, Russia, is a convent of the St. Petersburg diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church near the Moscow outpost at 100 Moskovsky Prospekt.

## History of the monastery

### Predecessors

Initially, the Voskresensky Monastery for Women was supposed to be built on the site of the Smolny Yard on the Neva. October 30 (November 10), 1748, by decree of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, the Smolny maiden monastery was founded. However, the construction of the monastery was delayed due to the ongoing Seven Years' War. Only in 1764 the abbess and five nuns were appointed here. The monastery ceased to exist in 1822, when not a single nun remained in it.

The first-class convent in St. Petersburg was renewed on March 14 (26), 1845 by decree of Nicholas I. The nuns were placed on Vasilyevsky Island in the former house of the abolished Greek Uniate Theological College. And services for them were performed in the lower church of the neighboring Church of the Annunciation.

### From foundation to liquidation

The place on **Vasilyevsky Island** did not suit the nuns. In this regard, a state-owned forest area near the Moscow Gates was allocated for the monastery. Here Metropolitan Nikanor (Klementievsky) on November 15, 1849, laid the foundation stone for the monastery. The first brick was laid by Emperor Nicholas I. A cemetery was also founded here 4 years before. The first abbess of the monastery was Theophania (Gotovtsova).

The construction of the complex was carried out according to the project of the architect N. E. Efimov, with the participation of K. I. Reimers, L. L. Bonshtedt and N. A. Sychev. Among the donors were Countess A. A. Orlova-Chesmenskaya and Queen Olga Nikolaevna of Württemberg. In addition, the treasury allocated 25,000 rubles annually for the construction of the monastery.

In 1854, the nuns moved into the rebuilt complex.

After the foundation, various workshops operated at the monastery: icon painting, drawing, chasing, gold embroidery, carpet, shoe, prosphora, a cookery, a kvass factory, farms, vegetable gardens, orchards, a bee-keeper appeared. In 1901, buildings were built in the monastery, which housed a refectory, sacristy, library, hospital, etc. An orphanage, an almshouse and the parochial Prince Vladimir school began to operate at the monastery.

By 1917, 77 nuns and 66 novices lived in the monastery. Four times a year (on the anniversary of the founding of the monastery, the day of All Saints, the celebration of the Kazan Icon of the Mother of God and the Assumption of the Most Holy Theotokos), a religious procession was organized around the monastery.

In January 1883, the Novodevichy Convent was donated 6.5 acres of forest in the village of Vokhonovo, Tsarskoye Selo District, to build a skete. It was established in 1884, but already in 1889 the Mariinsky Skete was turned into a cenobitic provincial monastery.

### Soviet period

In 1918, the monastery was abolished, but continued to exist on an ad hoc basis. Property and church valuables were confiscated. At the end of 1919, the monastics created a labor community around the parish of the Resurrection Cathedral.

In 1928–1937, the abbot's quarters of the monastery served as the residence of the metropolitans of Leningrad. Before the eyes of Metropolitan Seraphim, in 1929–1932 the main cathedral and all the churches of the monastery were closed, except for the one at which the metropolitan's residence was located, the monastery bell tower was demolished; in February 1932, about 90 nuns and novices who lived in the monastery buildings were arrested and deported.

At the end of 1937, church life in the monastery completely ceased – the last functioning Athos church was closed, the residence of the metropolitan was confiscated.

### Post-soviet time

Since 1990, the gradual restoration of the monastery began. In 1989, the Kazan Church was transferred to the ROCOR parish. In November 1995, the monastery was legally renewed. By this time, the nuns had again found the grave of Mother Superior Theophania, located between the Kazan Church and the apse of the Resurrection Cathedral, in Soviet times it was desecrated and was under asphalt for a long time. At the time of the restoration of the monastery, three neglected dilapidated outbuildings were transferred to it. In one of them cells were placed, in the other two – a refectory, an almshouse, a library, and workshops. However, most of the buildings continued to house the Research Institute of Electrical Engineering. In the summer of 2001, the Prince-Vladimir parochial school was given to the monastery, and in the autumn of the same year it was decided to return to the monastery all the buildings that had ever belonged to it. Parishioners of the Moscow Cathedral of Christ the Savior donated to the monastery an image of the Reigning Icon of the Mother of God. Since 2002, restoration work began in the Kazan Church and the southern building, the reconstruction of the Resurrection Cathedral and the Athos Church. At the moment, the domes of both of these churches have been restored, the Athos Church has been completely recreated and operates, like the southern monastery building, while restoration is underway in the Resurrection Cathedral, most of which has already been completed. The Kazan Church has also been completely restored. The restoration of the northern building has not yet begun, the Church of the Three Saints still stands without domes. Reconstruction of this building was planned to begin in 2008.

The ensemble of the Resurrection Novodevichy Convent again began to amaze the eye of the observer with its magnificence. The issue of restoring the St. Isidore bell tower has not been resolved. Instead, despite public protests against changing the "high-rise regulations" (that is, the height limit for buildings that was observed until the end of the 20th century), the development of the area for elite high-rise buildings behind the monastery began. Against the backdrop of high-rise buildings with elite expensive housing under construction since 2007 near the monastery, the Voskresensky Novodevichy Convent in St. Petersburg has lost its majesty even more.

From October 20 to 24, 2011, the Belt of the Virgin from the Vatoped monastery on Athos stayed in the monastery. In this regard, many kilometers of queues began to appear at the entrance to the monastery along Moskovsky Prospekt and Kievskaya Street, access to the Kazan Church was around the clock. From January 14 to 17, 2014, the gifts of the Magi from the Athos Monastery of St. Paul stayed in the monastery. Believers stood in line for 8–10 hours to touch the shrine.

## Abbesses

1845–1866 – Abbess Feofaniya (Gotovtsova)

1866–1886 – Abbess Evstoliya (Erofeeva)

1887 – viceroy, nun Apollonia, treasurer\[6\]

1888–1904 – Abbess Valentina (Ivanovskaya)

1904–1916 – Abbess Anthony (Reinboat)

1918–1935 – Abbess Theophania (Rentel)

Since 2007 – Abbess Sophia (Silina)

## Novodevichy cemetery

The Novodevichy cemetery on the territory of the monastery was founded in 1845, even before the resumption of the monastery itself. It is located in the eastern part of the monastery. Many famous people are buried there: poets N. A. Nekrasov, F. I. Tyutchev, A. N. Maikov, artists M. A. Vrubel and A. Ya. Golovin, doctor S. P. Botkin and many others. The architect of the monastery N. E. Efimov himself is also buried here.

Not far from the monastery, at the apse of the former house church of the St. Vladimir Women's Church Teachers' School, there is the grave of the Chief Prosecutor of the Holy Synod K. P. Pobedonostsev, who was buried there according to his will in 1907, as well as his wife, who died in Leningrad in 1932 year.

59°53′55″N 30°19′17″E / 59.8985°N 30.3214°E / 59.8985; 30.3214

## InfoBox

Voskresensky Novodevichy monastery
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| People | |
| Founder(s) | Elizaveta Petrovna (resumed by Nicholas I) |
| Site | |
| Country | Russia |
| Coordinates | 59/53/55/N/30/19/17/E |


title: Moon Over Burma

abstract: Moon Over Burma is a 1940 American adventure film directed by Louis King and written by Harry Clork, Wilson Collison, W.P. Lipscomb and Frank Wead. The film stars Dorothy Lamour, Robert Preston, Preston Foster, Doris Nolan, Albert Bassermann, Frederick Worlock and Addison Richards. The film was released on December 11, 1940, by Paramount Pictures.

text:
# Moon Over Burma

***Moon Over Burma*** is a 1940 American adventure film directed by Louis King and written by Harry Clork, Wilson Collison, W.P. Lipscomb and Frank Wead. The film stars Dorothy Lamour, Robert Preston, Preston Foster, Doris Nolan, Albert Bassermann, Frederick Worlock and Addison Richards. The film was released on December 11, 1940, by Paramount Pictures.

## Plot

The managers of a teak lumber camp in Burma compete for the affections of a beautiful American entertainer who gets stranded in Rangoon.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Moon Over Burma | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Louis King |
| Screenplay by | Harry Clork
Wilson Collison
W. P. Lipscomb
Frank Wead |
| Produced by | A.M. Botsford
Anthony Veiller |
| Starring | Dorothy Lamour
Robert Preston
Preston Foster
Doris Nolan
Albert Bassermann
Frederick Worlock
Addison Richards |
| Cinematography | William C. Mellor |
| Edited by | Stuart Gilmore |
| Music by | Victor Young |
| Production
company | Paramount Pictures |
| Distributed by | Paramount Pictures |
| Release date | * December 11, 1940 (1940-12-11) |
| Running time | 76 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Moon Over Her Shoulder

abstract: Moon Over Her Shoulder is a 1941 American comedy film directed by Alfred L. Werker and starring Lynn Bari, John Sutton and Alan Mowbray. It was produced and distributed by Twentieth Century Fox.

text:
# Moon Over Her Shoulder

***Moon Over Her Shoulder*** is a 1941 American comedy film directed by Alfred L. Werker and starring Lynn Bari, John Sutton and Alan Mowbray. It was produced and distributed by Twentieth Century Fox.

## Plot

## Cast

## Bibliography

* Fetrow, Alan G. *Feature Films, 1940-1949: a United States Filmography*. McFarland, 1994.

## InfoBox

| Moon Over Her Shoulder | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Directed by | Alfred L. Werker |
| Written by | Walter Bullock
Eve Golden
Helen Vreeland Smith |
| Produced by | Walter Morosco |
| Starring | Lynn Bari
John Sutton
Alan Mowbray |
| Cinematography | Lucien Andriot |
| Edited by | J. Watson Webb, Jr. |
| Music by | Cyril J. Mockridge |
| Production
company | 20th Century Fox |
| Distributed by | 20th Century Fox |
| Release date | * October 24, 1941 (1941-10-24) |
| Running time | 68 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Monte Armetta

abstract: Monte Armetta is a mountain in Piedmont, northern Italy, part of the Alps. At an altitude of 1,739 metres it is the highest summit of the Ligurian Prealps.

text:
# Monte Armetta

**Monte Armetta** is a mountain in Piedmont, northern Italy, part of the Alps. At an altitude of 1,739 metres it is the highest summit of the Ligurian Prealps.

## Etymology

According to the historian Emanuele Celesia the name *Armetta* comes from Hermes, but other scholars think that it's a diminutive of *arma*, a local term used in Liguria for *cave*.

## Geography

The mountain stands on the main chain of the Alps between Tanaro and Arroscia valleys. It belongs to the province of Cuneo, in Piedmont, and is located on the border between the municipalities of Ormea and Caprauna, not faraway from Liguria.

### SOIUSA classification

According to the SOIUSA (*International Standardized Mountain Subdivision of the Alps*) the mountain can be classified in the following way:

* main part = Western Alps
* major sector = South Western Alps
* section = Ligurian Alps
* subsection = Prealpi Liguri
* supergroup = Catena Settepani-Carmo-Armetta
* group = Gruppo Galero-Armetta
* subgroup = Costiera Galero-Armetta
* code = I/A-1.I-A.3.a

### Environment

The northern side of the mountain fells with overhanging cliffs towards Ormea, while its gentle southern slopes are covered of woods and pastures. On Monte Armetta, in spite of its not so high elevation, grow several typical mountain flowers as Leontopodium alpinum.

## Access to the summit

The mountain is accessible by off-road mountain paths and is crossed by the *Alta Via dei Monti Liguri*, a long-distance trail from Ventimiglia (province of Imperia) to Bolano (province of La Spezia).

It's also possible to reach monte Armetta from *Madonna del Lago* sanctuary (located several km from the centre of Alto) through a footpath with signposts, which also crosses Monte Dubasso (1,545 m).

Media related to Monte Armetta at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Monte Armetta | |
| --- | --- |
| Monte Armetta from Monte Dubasso | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,739 m (5,705 ft) |
| Prominence | 805 |
| Isolation | 4.63 km (2.88 mi) |
| Listing | Mountains of Italy |
| Coordinates | 44°08′09″N 7°56′19″E / 44.13594°N 7.93872°E / 44.13594; 7.93872 |
| Naming | |
| English translation | Mountain of the small cave |
| Language of name | Italian |
| Geography | |
| Monte ArmettaLocation in the Alps | |
| Location | Piedmont, Italy |
| Parent range | Ligurian Alps |
| Climbing | |
| First ascent | ancestral |
| Easiest route | hike |


title: Monte Arci

abstract: The Monte Arci is an isolated massif in the Uras plain in Campidano, south-western Sardinia, Italy. It is composed by three volcanic basalt towers, the highest one reaching an elevation of 812 m. The inner part of the massif is composed of trachyte. Monte Arci is located just west of the Giara di Gesturi, a basaltic plateau. Monte Arci had a relevant historical role in Sardinia due to the abundant presence of obsidian, which was used since prehistoric times for weapons and tools, and was later traded outside the island. There are also quarries of pearlite. In the territory of Morgongiori there are breeds of Giara horses.

text:
# Monte Arci

The **Monte Arci** is an isolated massif in the Uras plain in Campidano, south-western Sardinia, Italy. It is composed by three volcanic basalt towers, the highest one reaching an elevation of 812 m. The inner part of the massif is composed of trachyte.

Monte Arci is located just west of the Giara di Gesturi, a basaltic plateau.

Monte Arci had a relevant historical role in Sardinia due to the abundant presence of obsidian, which was used since prehistoric times for weapons and tools, and was later traded outside the island. There are also quarries of pearlite. In the territory of Morgongiori there are breeds of Giara horses.

## InfoBox

| Monte Arci | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 812 m (2,664 ft) |
| Coordinates | 39°46′40″N 8°44′42″E / 39.77778°N 8.74500°E / 39.77778; 8.74500 |
| Geography | |
| Monte Arciprovince of Oristano, Sardinia, Italy | |


title: William Le Roy Emmet

abstract: William Le Roy Emmet was an electrical engineer who made major contributions to alternating current power systems including the design of large rotary converters.

text:
# William Le Roy Emmet

**William Le Roy Emmet** (July 10, 1859  September 26, 1941) was an electrical engineer who made major contributions to alternating current power systems including the design of large rotary converters.

## Biography

Emmet was born in New Rochelle, New York to William Jenkins Emmet and Julia Colt Pierson. He is the great-grandson of Thomas Addis Emmet, a lawyer, who was an elder brother of executed Irish nationalist Robert Emmet. His father's parents were Robert Emmet and Rosina Hubley. His mother's parents were Josiah G. Pierson and Julia Colt.

His sisters included noted portrait artists Rosina Emmet Sherwood, Lydia Field Emmet and Jane Emmet de Glehn.

In addition his brothers included, C. Temple Emmet, an attorney and sportsman who was a graduate of the Yale Forest School Class of 1902; William LeRoy Emmet, a graduate of the United States Naval Academy, Class of 1881; Devereux Emmet, who became a prominent golf course architect; and Richard Stockton Emmet. His uncle, John Emmet, attended West Point from 1814 to 1817. His first cousin was portrait artist Ellen Emmet Rand.

He graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1881. He joined the Edison General Electric Company in 1891. Three years later, after a merger, he became employee of General Electric Company (GE). Emmet was a leading advocate of the electrical propulsion of ships from turbines. His systems were first used in American ships during World War I. He also developed the mercury vapour turbine system for electric power production.

Emmet was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1898. He received the AIEE Edison Medal in 1919 *For inventions and developments of electrical apparatus and primo movers.* He received the Elliott Cresson Medal of the Franklin Institute in 1920 and was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 1921. Emmet worked at GE into his 70s and held 122 patents.

## Writing

Emmet's autobiography, *Autobiography of an engineer*, was published by Fort Orange Press in 1930 or 1931.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| William Le Roy Emmet | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1859-07-10)July 10, 1859
New Rochelle, New York |
| Died | September 26, 1941(1941-09-26) (aged 82) |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | U.S. Naval Academy |
| Awards | IEEE Edison Medal (1919)
Elliott Cresson Medal (1920) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Electrical engineering |
| Institutions | General Electric Company |
|  | |


title: William Lea (businessman)

abstract: William Lea was a member of a prominent flour milling family in Wilmington, Delaware, who was largely responsible for the development of the Brandywine Mills to their place of importance. Lea was born to Thomas Lea (1757-1794) and Sarah Tatnall in a house at 1901 Market Street in Wilmington. He was a descendant of John Lea, a prominent Quaker minister from England, who came to America with William Penn on his second voyage. He was the father of Preston Lea, Governor of Delaware from 1905 to 1908. Lea was first employed with his father in the firm of Tatnall and Lea, founded in the 1760s on the north bank on the Brandywine Creek by his father and grandfather, and then at Manayunk, Pennsylvania; New Orleans, Louisiana; and Terre Haute, Indiana. He was married to Jane Scott Lovett on the October 18, 1836. He returned to his old home in Wilmington in 1837 and became one of the proprietors of the Brandywine Mills. The couple had 11 children together, William, Esther, Henry, Preston, Mary, Sarah (1848-1848), Anna, Edward (1852-1867), Alice (1854-1857), Thomas (1856-1859), and Jane. In 1864, the firm was renamed William Lea and Sons when Lea brought his sons, Henry and Preston, into the business. Besides operating the flour mills, Lea was for many years a director in the Union National Bank of Wilmington, and was also a director in the Wilmington and Brandywine Cemetery Company. He was greatly interested in the improvement of Brandywine Village, in which he lived, and favored its annexation to the city of Wilmington as the Ninth Ward. The Superfine Lane Condominiums were built in 1984 and incorporated the foundations of the old William Lea and Sons flour mills, which continued to operate 1923.

text:
# William Lea (businessman)

**William Lea** (May 17, 1805 – December 28, 1876) was a member of a prominent flour milling family in Wilmington, Delaware, who was largely responsible for the development of the Brandywine Mills to their place of importance.

Lea was born to Thomas Lea (1757-1794) and Sarah Tatnall (eldest daughter of Joseph Tatnall) in a house at 1901 Market Street in Wilmington. He was a descendant of John Lea, a prominent Quaker minister from England, who came to America with William Penn on his second voyage. He was the father of Preston Lea, Governor of Delaware from 1905 to 1908.

Lea was first employed with his father in the firm of Tatnall and Lea, founded in the 1760s on the north bank on the Brandywine Creek by his father and grandfather, and then at Manayunk, Pennsylvania; New Orleans, Louisiana; and Terre Haute, Indiana. He was married to Jane Scott Lovett on the October 18, 1836. He returned to his old home in Wilmington in 1837 and became one of the proprietors of the Brandywine Mills. The couple had 11 children together, William (b. 1834), Esther (b. 1837), Henry (b. 1839), Preston (b. 1841), Mary (b. 1846), Sarah (1848-1848), Anna (b. 1849), Edward (1852-1867), Alice (1854-1857), Thomas (1856-1859), and Jane (b. 1860). In 1864, the firm was renamed William Lea and Sons when Lea brought his sons, Henry and Preston, into the business.

Besides operating the flour mills, Lea was for many years a director in the Union National Bank of Wilmington, and was also a director in the Wilmington and Brandywine Cemetery Company. He was greatly interested in the improvement of Brandywine Village, in which he lived, and favored its annexation to the city of Wilmington as the Ninth Ward.

The Superfine Lane Condominiums (named for the grade of flour produced by the Quaker millers) were built in 1984 and incorporated the foundations of the old William Lea and Sons flour mills, which continued to operate 1923.


title: William Leach (Canadian Army officer)

abstract: Lieutenant-General William Charles Leach CMM, CD was the Chief of the Land Staff of the Canadian Forces.

text:
# William Leach (Canadian Army officer)

Lieutenant-General **William Charles Leach** CMM, CD (November 6, 1942 – April 1, 2015) was the Chief of the Land Staff of the Canadian Forces.

## Military career

Leach graduated from the Royal Military College of Canada with a degree in Economics and Commerce in 1965 and was commissioned into the Canadian Army. He went on to command a Logistic Battalion. From 1977 he worked in a series of senior administrative and finance positions at National Defence Headquarters and from 1987 he held various supply and logistics appointments there.

In 1995 he was appointed Deputy Commander at Canadian Forces Land Force Command and in 1997 he became Chief of the Land Staff, a post he held until Summer 2000.

In 2000 he was appointed a Vice President Operations with Honeywell Canada Logistic Services and in 2005 he was made a Vice President of Mincom Defence. Leach was Chairman of the Board of the Canadian Museum of History. He was also a board member of the Royal Ottawa Hospital. Leach was also on the Executive Committee of the Military Families Fund and was the Colonel Commandant of the Logistics Branch of the Canadian Armed Forces.

## Family

He was married to Canadian artist Mary Louise Leach, who died in 2003; Both he and his wife are buried at The National Military Cemetery at Beechwood. They had three children. Leach died in Ottawa on April 1, 2015.

## InfoBox

| Bill Leach | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1942-11-06)November 6, 1942
Sarnia, Ontario |
| Died | April 1, 2015(2015-04-01) (aged 72)
Ottawa, Ontario |
| Allegiance | Canada |
| Service/branch | Canadian Forces |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Commands | Chief of the Land Staff |
| Awards | Commander of the Order of Military Merit
Canadian Forces' Decoration |


title: Monon Commercial Historic District

abstract: Monon Commercial Historic District is a national historic district located at Monon, White County, Indiana. The district encompasses 24 contributing buildings in the central business district of Monon. It developed between about 1860 and 1940 and includes representative examples of Italianate and Classical Revival style architecture. Notable contributing resources include the C.M. Horner's Bank, Monon Town Hall, Carnegie Library, Howard Theater (1938), Pogue Building, Fred Thomas Building (1912), Tull Block (1921), James Tull / J. Lackerman Building, Newbold Oldsmobile Building, State Bank of Monon (1912), and Odd Fellows Building (1911). It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

text:
# Monon Commercial Historic District

**Monon Commercial Historic District** is a national historic district located at Monon, White County, Indiana. The district encompasses 24 contributing buildings in the central business district of Monon. It developed between about 1860 and 1940 and includes representative examples of Italianate and Classical Revival style architecture. Notable contributing resources include the C.M. Horner's Bank (c. 1870, 1921), Monon Town Hall (c. 1920), Carnegie Library, Howard Theater (1938), Pogue Building (c. 1895), Fred Thomas Building (1912), Tull Block (1921), James Tull / J. Lackerman Building (c. 1895), Newbold Oldsmobile Building (c. 1910), State Bank of Monon (1912), and Odd Fellows Building (1911).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Monon Commercial Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| Monon Commercial Historic Historic District, June 2012 | |
|  | |
| Location | Roughly Market St., bet. 3rd St. and 5th St., and 4th St. bet. Arch St. and Railroad St., Monon, Indiana |
| Coordinates | 40°51′41″N 86°52′40″W / 40.86139°N 86.87778°W / 40.86139; -86.87778 |
| Area | 5 acres (2.0 ha) |
| Architect | Brookie, True L. |
| Architectural style | Italianate, Classical Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 00000672 |
| Added to NRHP | June 15, 2000 |


title: Moonstone (company)

abstract: Moonstone is a Japanese visual novel studio known for creating adult-oriented bishōjo games. The founding members of Moonstone had once been members of Circus, a similar visual novel studio. After the establishment of Moonstone, a collaboration project between Moonstone and Circus was set up for Circus' game Suika AS+, and then another collaboration project between the two companies was set up for Moonstone's game Gift. On 2009 Moonstone established the sub-brand Moonstone Cherry, which focuses on nukige titles.

text:
# Moonstone (company)

**Moonstone** is a Japanese visual novel studio known for creating adult-oriented bishōjo games. The founding members of Moonstone had once been members of Circus, a similar visual novel studio. After the establishment of Moonstone, a collaboration project between Moonstone and Circus was set up for Circus' game *Suika AS+*, and then another collaboration project between the two companies was set up for Moonstone's game *Gift*. On 2009 Moonstone established the sub-brand Moonstone Cherry, which focuses on nukige titles.

## Games produced

### By Moonstone

* *Ashita Deatta Shōjo* (May 30, 2003)
* *Imōto Watashi, Donna Koto Datte...* (November 28, 2003)
* *Doko e Iku no, Ano Hi* (June 25, 2004)
* *Gift* (May 27, 2004)
* *Clear* (August 24, 2007)
    + *Clear Crystal Stories* (May 3, 2008)
* *Maji Suki ~Marginal Skip~* (April 24, 2009)
* *Angel Ring* (June 25, 2010)
* *Princess Evangile* (July 28, 2011)
    + *Princess Evangile: W Happiness* (June 29, 2012)
* *Magical Marriage Lunatics!!* (September 27, 2013)
* *Love Sweets* (April 25, 2014)
* *Natsu no Iro no Nostalgia* (January 30, 2015)

### By Moonstone Cherry

## InfoBox

Moonstone
|
|  |
| Company type | Joint stock company |
| Industry | Computer games |
| Founded | 2003 |
| Headquarters | Japan |
| Products | Visual novels |
| Website | moon-stone.jp |


title: William J. Randall

abstract: William Joseph Randall was a member of the United States House of Representatives. He was a member of the Democratic Party from Missouri.

text:
# William J. Randall

**William Joseph Randall** (July 16, 1909 – July 7, 2000) was a member of the United States House of Representatives. He was a member of the Democratic Party from Missouri.

## Early life and early career

Randall was born in Independence, Missouri. He attended the University of Missouri and later the Kansas City School of Law, from which he earned his Juris Doctor. Randall served as a private attorney for seven years until being drafted into the United States Army in 1943. He served in the Philippines during World War II, and he eventually reached the rank of sergeant.

## Political career

After returning home for the war, Randall was elected as a Jackson County, Missouri judge in 1946 and served until 1959. Following the death of Congressman George H. Christopher, Randall won election to the House. Randall voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1960 and 1964, and the Voting Rights Act of 1965, but voted against the Civil Rights Act of 1968.

Randall was considered a close ally of Harry Truman. He served on the Armed Services Committee and the Committee on Government Operations. In 1975, he became the first chair of the House Select Committee on Aging. In 1977, Randall retired from the House to resume the practice of law.

## Death

He died on July 7, 2000.

## Sources

* United States Congress. "William J. Randall (id: R000041)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.
* December 1949 photograph of Judge Randall

1. "Truman Library - William J. Randall Oral History Interview, November 14, 1989". *www.trumanlibrary.org*. Retrieved 2018-09-22.
2. "RANDALL, William Joseph - Biographical Information". *bioguide.congress.gov*. Retrieved 2018-09-22.
3. "HR 8601. PASSAGE".
4. "H.R. 7152. PASSAGE".
5. "TO PASS H.R. 6400, THE 1965 VOTING RIGHTS ACT".
6. "TO PASS H.R. 2516, A BILL TO ESTABLISH PENALTIES FOR INTERFERENCE WITH CIVIL RIGHTS. INTERFERENCE WITH A PERSON ENGAGED IN ONE OF THE 8 ACTIVITIES PROTECTED UNDER THIS BILL MUST BE RACIALLY MOTIVATED TO INCUR THE BILL'S PENALTIES".
7. Randall, William J. "William J. Randall". *www.congress.gov*. Retrieved 2018-09-22.
8. "RANDALL, William Joseph - Biographical Information". *bioguide.congress.gov*. Retrieved 2018-09-22.

## InfoBox

| William J. Randall | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Missouri's 4th district | |
| **In office**
March 3, 1959  January 3, 1977 | |
| Preceded by | George H. Christopher |
| Succeeded by | Ike Skelton |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1909-07-16)July 16, 1909
Independence, Missouri |
| Died | July 7, 2000(2000-07-07) (aged 90)
Independence, Missouri |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Alma mater | University of Missouri
Kansas City School of Law |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | United States |
| Branch/service | United States Army |
| Rank | sergeant |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
|  | |


title: Monte Grossu

abstract: Monte Grossu is an archaeological site in Corsica. It is located in the commune of Biguglia. The Monte Grossu is a small hill on the Biguglia town in Corsica. It overlooks the plain and the Biguglia and locks the parade Lancone. The Grossu Monte is an important archaeological site. Human occupation dates back to the Neolithic and Bronze Age. According to archaeologists, the site was home to a village of 300 huts.

text:
# Monte Grossu

**Monte Grossu** is an archaeological site in Corsica. It is located in the commune of Biguglia.

The **Monte Grossu** is a small hill ( 192 m ) on the Biguglia town in Corsica. It overlooks the plain and the Biguglia ( whose real name is Chjurlinu ) and locks the parade Lancone. The Grossu Monte is an important archaeological site. Human occupation dates back to the Neolithic and Bronze Age. According to archaeologists (Weiss, Lanfranchi ), the site was home to a village of 300 huts.

42°36′9″N 9°25′18″E / 42.60250°N 9.42167°E / 42.60250; 9.42167


title: William Garne

abstract: William Garne was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Gloucestershire. He was born in Middle Aston, Oxfordshire and died in Wellingborough, Northamptonshire. Garne made a single first-class appearance for the team, during the 1884 season, against Sussex. From the lower-middle order, he scored a duck in the first innings in which he batted, and 2 runs in the second. Garne died at the age of 34.

text:
# William Garne

**William Garne** (9 May 1861 – 24 May 1895) was an English cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and right-arm medium-pace bowler who played for Gloucestershire. He was born in Middle Aston, Oxfordshire and died in Wellingborough, Northamptonshire.

Garne made a single first-class appearance for the team, during the 1884 season, against Sussex. From the lower-middle order, he scored a duck in the first innings in which he batted, and 2 runs in the second.

Garne died at the age of 34.

## InfoBox

| William Garne | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1861-05-09)9 May 1861
Middle Aston, England |
| Died | 24 May 1895(1895-05-24) (aged 34)
Wellingborough, England |
| Nationality | English |
| Occupation | Cricketer |


title: Moodabe family

abstract: The Moodabe family is a long established Auckland family which has been associated with the development and operation of cinema in New Zealand since the 1920s.

text:
# Moodabe family

The **Moodabe family** is a long established Auckland family which has been associated with the development and operation of cinema in New Zealand since the 1920s.

## Business beginnings

**Michael Joseph Moodabe**, OBE (1895–1975) was born in Sydney, Australia, on 24 June 1895, and, after the family shifted to Auckland, his brother **Joseph Patrick Moodabe** (1899–1985), was born in Auckland on 16 December 1899. Their parents were Ferris Moudabber and his wife Elizabeth Ann (nee Akoorie).

## Amalgamated expansion

When Thomas O'Brien who owned and operated the Civic Theatre went bankrupt in 1932, the Moodabe brothers took over O'Brien's other Auckland theatres, including the Princess (later the Plaza), the Rialto in Newmarket, and the Tivoli in Karangahape Road. Amalgamated obtained a 50-year lease on the Civic theatre in 1945 when they managed to outbid Warner Brothers Pictures and Robert Kerridge.

## MJ's sons

MJ and Alma Moodabe's three sons, **Royce Joseph Moodabe** (born 1930), **Joseph Patrick Moodabe** (1937 – 8 December 2019) and **Michael Barry Joseph Moodabe** (15 December 1932 – 3 September 2009) grew up in Epsom, Auckland and were educated at St Peter's College. The three sons used to visit their father's office in the Civic Theatre, Queen Street as they grew up, all were "promised a desk in the corner of that room and their father's supervision". However, each actually began "as office boy out the back, tediously filing admission receipt dockets until they learnt to carve their own niche". They were employed in Amalgamated Theatres from when they left school in the late 1950s. On the retirement of their father and uncle, Royce became managing director and Joseph and Michael had management roles. They continued to be involved in the management of the chain from the 1960s to the 1980s. The owner of the chain, 20th Century Fox sold out in the 1980s to the Chase Corporation and then the chain came into the ownership of Hoyts which continued to employ the brothers in senior management positions. Royce Moodabe became general manager of Hoyts Australian circuit. He retired in 2006 after 57 years in the business. In 1997 Joe Moodabe joined Village Force Cinemas " ... which, as general manager, he built into the "country's biggest cinema chain". In 2006 the chain became wholly owned by SkyCity and was renamed SkyCity Cinemas. Joe Moodabe became executive chairman of an in-house board that oversaw developments in the cinema business. He died on 8 December 2019.


title: Morasiya

abstract: Morasiya, also spelled Morasia, is a village and in Garhani block of Bhojpur district, in Bihar, India. As of 2011, its population was 1,796, in 255 households. Morasiya is an impoverished village, with most villagers being employed in agriculture and a few being migrant workers. The population is mostly Yadavs and Rajputs. The village has three neighbourhoods, Matthiya to the east and Sridhar ka Tola to the west and Ayar to the north. The houses in Matthiya are made of bricks and cement, while those in Sridhar ka Tola are made of mud and clay. Electricity is available for 15–17 hours per day throughout the year. Drinking water is provided via hand pumps, which are installed in every house. Every house additionally has proper sanitation facilities, although a few villagers prefer open defecation instead. Morasiya has one primary school. Healthcare in Morasiya is poor. The village lacks an Accredited Social Health Activist, and the nearest Primary Health Centre is 8 km (5.0 mi) away. A majority of children in Morasiya suffer from skin diseases, especially in the summer, including pyoderma, scabies, and atopic dermatitis.

text:
# Morasiya

**Morasiya**, also spelled **Morasia**, is a village and in Garhani block of Bhojpur district, in Bihar, India. As of 2011, its population was 1,796, in 255 households.

Morasiya is an impoverished village, with most villagers being employed in agriculture and a few being migrant workers. The population is mostly Yadavs and Rajputs. The village has three neighbourhoods, **Matthiya** to the east and **Sridhar ka Tola** to the west and Ayar to the north. The houses in Matthiya are made of bricks and cement, while those in Sridhar ka Tola are made of mud and clay. Electricity is available for 15–17 hours per day throughout the year. Drinking water is provided via hand pumps, which are installed in every house. Every house additionally has proper sanitation facilities, although a few villagers prefer open defecation instead. Morasiya has one primary school.

Healthcare in Morasiya is poor. The village lacks an Accredited Social Health Activist, and the nearest Primary Health Centre is 8 km (5.0 mi) away. A majority of children in Morasiya suffer from skin diseases, especially in the summer, including pyoderma, scabies, and atopic dermatitis.

## InfoBox

| Morasiya Morasia | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Map of Morasiya (#538) in Garhani block | |
| MorasiyaLocation in Bihar, IndiaMorasiyaMorasiya (India) | |
| Coordinates: 25°25′50″N 84°30′40″E / 25.43052°N 84.51098°E / 25.43052; 84.51098 | |
| Country | India |
| State | Bihar |
| District | Bhojpur |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.206 km2 (0.080 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 72 m (236 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 1,796 |
| Languages | |
| Official | Bhojpuri, Hindi |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 802203 |


title: William Jupp

abstract: William Thomas Jupp was an English cricketer. Jupp was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm roundarm fast. He was born at Dorking, Surrey. Jupp made two first-class appearances for Surrey in 1876, against Kent at Mote Park, Maidstone, and Gloucestershire at Clifton College. He scored 25 runs in his two matches, at an average of 12.50, with a high score of 11. He made a single first-class appearance in that same season for a United South of England Eleven against a United North of England Eleven at Argyle Street, Hull. He died at Chertsey, Surrey, on 3 August 1878, after suffering a brain injury during a cricket match. His cousin, Harry Jupp, played Test cricket for England.

text:
# William Jupp

**William Thomas Jupp** (11 November 1851  3 August 1878) was an English cricketer. Jupp was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm roundarm fast. He was born at Dorking, Surrey.

Jupp made two first-class appearances for Surrey in 1876, against Kent at Mote Park, Maidstone, and Gloucestershire at Clifton College. He scored 25 runs in his two matches, at an average of 12.50, with a high score of 11. He made a single first-class appearance in that same season for a United South of England Eleven against a United North of England Eleven at Argyle Street, Hull.

He died at Chertsey, Surrey, on 3 August 1878, after suffering a brain injury during a cricket match. His cousin, Harry Jupp, played Test cricket for England.

## InfoBox

William Jupp
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | William Thomas Jupp |
| Born | (1851-12-11)11 December 1851
Dorking, Surrey, England |
| Died | 3 August 1878(1878-08-03) (aged 26)
Chertsey, Surrey, England |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm roundarm fast |
| Relations | Harry Jupp (cousin) |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1876 | Surrey |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition First-class  Matches 3  Runs scored 27  Batting average 6.75  100s/50s /  Top score 11  Balls bowled 68  Wickets   Bowling average   5 wickets in innings   10 wickets in match   Best bowling   Catches/stumpings 2/ | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 24 June 2012 | |


title: William Jurgens

abstract: William A. Jurgens was an American Roman Catholic priest, composer, historian, musician, and translator of patristic and other works.

text:
# William Jurgens

**William A. Jurgens** (July 3, 1928 — September 1, 1982) was an American Roman Catholic priest, composer, historian, musician, and translator of patristic and other works.

## Early life

He was born July 3, 1928, in Akron, Ohio, to Charles B. and Ruth C. (née Gardner) Jurgens. He had two brothers (Charles and James) and two sisters (Donna and Jeanne).

Jurgens attended Immaculate Conception Elementary School and then St. Vincent High School in Akron, where he was president of the National Honor Society. He graduated in 1946.

Jurgens then attended St. Joseph Minor Seminary in Westmont, Illinois, before completing his religious studies at St. Mary Seminary in Wickliffe, Ohio. A talented organist, he played the instrument at Our Lady of Victory Church in Tallmadge, Ohio, while attending seminary. He was ordained on December 18, 1954, at the Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist in Cleveland, Ohio, by Archbishop Edward F. Hoban.

At the time of his ordination, Macmillan published his translation of St. John Chrysostom's treatise *On the Priesthood*.

## Religious career

Jurgens was assigned as assistant pastor at St. Michael the Archangel Church in Cleveland at the end of 1954. Jurgens left Cleveland in 1956 and began studying sacred music at the Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music and eccesiastical history at Gregorian University, both in Rome, Italy. He studied Gregorian chant at the Pontifical Institute, and earned a doctorate in ecclesiastical history from Gregorian.

Jurgens returned to Cleveland in April 1959, and was named assistant pastor at Blessed Sacrament Church on Fulton Road. Less than two months later, he was assigned to the faculty of St. Mary's Seminary where he was professor of patrology. He was given an additional assignment teaching at Borromeo Seminary in Wickliffe in 1961. He was appointed instructor of chant at both seminaries in 1965.

Jurgens was appointed Diocesan Director of Sacred Music in April 1961 after Rev. John H. Archibald of Holy Family Church in Stow, Ohio, resigned due to the press of duties in his parish. He served as director until 1968. Jurgens was also appointed to the Diocesan Liturgical Commission in August 1962, and was named the first chairman of the Diocesan Commission on Sacred Music in May 1964.

Bishop Clarence Issenmann made Jurgens his secretary in 1974.

In 1977, Bishop James Hickey appointed Jurgens as Diocesan Research Historian, and tasked him with writing a detailed history of the diocese. The first volume in this work, *A History of the Diocese of Cleveland: The Prehistory of the Diocese to Its Establishment in 1847*, was published in 1980. Jurgens had written a draft of a second volume by 1982, but it was never finished. Jurgens fell ill with cancer in December 1981, and died from complications of cancer and diabetes at Holy Family Cancer Center in Parma, Ohio, on September 1, 1982.

Jurgens was buried in Holy Cross Cemetery (Brook Park, Ohio) in Brook Park, Ohio.

## Works

### Theological and historical texts

Jurgens translated a number of theological and musical works during his lifetime, and wrote books about early church theologians as well as the liturgy. Among these are:

* *Eustathius of Sebaste*. Rome: Pontifical Gregorian University. 1958. OCLC 22409366.
* *The Faith of the Early Fathers. Volume 1: Pre-Nicene and Nicene Eras*. Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press. 1970. ISBN 9780814604328.
* *The Faith of the Early Fathers. Volume 2: Post-Nicene and Constantinopolitan Eras Through St. Jerome*. Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press. 1979. ISBN 9780814610077.
* *The Faith of the Early Fathers. Volume 3: St. Augustine to the End of the Patristic Age*. Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press. 1979. ISBN 9780814610213.
* *General Instruction on the Liturgy of the Hours*. Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press. 1975. ISBN 9780814608814.
* *A History of the Diocese of Cleveland. Vol. 1: The Prehistory of the Diocese to Its Establishment in 1847*. Cleveland: Catholic Diocese of Cleveland. 1980. OCLC 7485291.
* *The Priesthood: A Translation of the Peri Hierosynes of St. John Chrysostom*. New York: Macmillan. 1955. OCLC 634785579.
* *Theological Dimensions of the Liturgy: A General Treatise on the Theology of the Liturgy*. Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press. 1976. ISBN 9780814609286. (co-authored with Cipriano Vagaggini and Leonard J. Doyle)

The three-volume *Faith of the Early Fathers* is now considered a standard patrological work. Catholic writer Karl Keating says it ranks with Joseph Tixeront's *History of Dogmas* and Johannes Quasten's *Patrology* as a fundamental collection of patrological works, the "premier work of its kind" and "prime reading for the apologist". Jurgens and Tixeront cover the same years, more so than Quasten. Jurgens' work is more inclusive and contains works from a greater variety of authors. Reviewing *The Faith of the Early Fathers*, scholar Herbert T. Mayer applauded the work's inclusiveness, the inclusion of canons and decrees, the length of excerpts (longer than in most works), Jurgens' doctrinal analysis, and the index (missing in many other works). He called it "a good history of the Christian church" suitable for seminaries.

### Musical works

Jurgens was considered a composer and musician of some skill. He composed a number of musical works and published collections of existing works. These include:

* *American Mass in Honor of the Venerable Kateri Tetakwitha*. Boston: McLaughlin & Reilly. 1966. (lyrics and music by Jurgens)
* *The Canticle of Mary*. Glen Rock, N.J.: Fischer & Bro. 1968. (scripture set to music by Jurgens)
* *Four Forms for a Common Penance Service: With Approved Liturgical Texts*. Collegeville, Minn.: Liturgical Press. 1976. ISBN 9780814608722. (music by Jurgens)
* *Gregorian Chant in Latin and in English*. Toledo, Ohio: Gregorian Institute of America. 1965. OCLC 3654683. (collection)
* *Hymns for Morning and Evening Devotions*. Toledo, Ohio: Gregorian Institute of America. 1964. OCLC 1061710650. (traditional hymns fit to Gregorian chants by Jurgens; organ accompaniment composed by Eugène Lapierre)
* *Kyriale Simplex: A Collection of Simple Chant Melodies for the Ordinary of the Mass 1965*. Toledo, Ohio: Gregorian Institute of America. 1965. OCLC 37377696. (adaptation of the music of the then-newly approved Kyriale Simplex to the approved English text)
* *Mass in Honor of Our Lady of the Lake*. Toledo, Ohio: Gregorian Institute of America. 1967. (lyrics and music by Jurgens)
* *Sung Vespers*. Collegeville, Minn.: The Liturgical Press. 1968. OCLC 224154784. (the unabridged official text set to music by Jurgens)

1. "Jurgens, William A., H.E.D." *Encyclopedia of Cleveland*. 2019. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
2. "Death Notices". *The Plain Dealer*. September 5, 1982. p. A25.
3. Stoyer, Lloyd (December 16, 1954). "7 From Area to Be Ordained Priests Saturday". *Akron Beacon-Journal*. p. 40.
4. "Catholic diocese historian, Rev. William A. Jurgens, 54". *Akron Beacon-Journal*. September 4, 1982. p. B10.
5. "Miss Antolovich's Services Monday". *Akron Beacon-Journal*. December 23, 1945. p. 18.
6. "2 Catholic Schools Set Graduation". *Akron Beacon-Journal*. June 6, 1946. p. 27.
7. "Rev. William A. Jurgens, wrote volume on diocesan history". *The Plain Dealer*. September 4, 1982. p. C9.
8. "21 to Be Ordained Today for Catholic Priesthood". *The Plain Dealer*. December 18, 1954. p. 9.
9. "20 New Priests Given First Posts". *The Plain Dealer*. December 31, 1954. p. 20.
10. "Pastor for N. Olmsted's St. Richard's Parish Named". *The Plain Dealer*. April 10, 1959. p. 42.
11. "Archbishop Plans Two Parishes, High School". *The Plain Dealer*. June 5, 1959. p. 4.
12. "New Job for Fr. Haas". *Akron Beacon-Journal*. April 22, 1961. p. 4.
13. "3 Priests Assigned New Posts". *Akron Beacon-Journal*. August 24, 1962. p. 11.
14. "English In Mass Urged By Clerics". *The Plain Dealer*. May 9, 1964. p. 17.
15. Miller, Louis G. (1995). *Beacons of Light: Profiles of Ecclesiastical Writers Cited in the Catechism*. Liguori, Mo.: Liguori Publications. p. 7. ISBN 9780892437849.
16. Keating, Karl (1988). *Catholicism and Fundamentalism: The Attack on "Romanism" by "Bible Christians"*. San Francisco: Ignatius Press. pp. 330–331. ISBN 9780898701951.
17. Mayer, Herbert T. (July–August 1971). "Book Reviews". *Concordia Theological Monthly*: 475.

## InfoBox

| William A. Jurgens | |
| --- | --- |
| Church | Roman Catholic |
| Diocese | Roman Catholic Diocese of Cleveland |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | December 18, 1954 |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1928-07-03)July 3, 1928
Akron, Ohio, U.S. |
| Died | September 1, 1982(1982-09-01) (aged 54)
Parma, Ohio, U.S. |
| Buried | Holy Cross Cemetery, Brook Park, Ohio, U.S. |


title: William Neville Harding

abstract: William Neville Harding was a Taxation accountant, company director and New South Wales local government politician who was Lord Mayor of Sydney and an Alderman of the Sydney City Council from 1935 to 1948.

text:
# William Neville Harding

**William Neville Harding** (4 January 1893 – 31 March 1978) was a Taxation accountant, company director and New South Wales local government politician who was Lord Mayor of Sydney and an Alderman of the Sydney City Council from 1935 to 1948.

## Early years and background

William Neville Harding was born in Sydney, Colony of New South Wales, on 4 January 1893, the son of William and Agnes Harding. Harding was educated at the University of Sydney and became a public accountant specialising in taxation, and a company director. On 3 August 1918 he married Constance Agilvie and had two sons and one daughter. From 1911 he was employed as a manager in his father's accountancy firm, but was dismissed in 1928 and later sued his father for unlawful dismissal. In 1929 a jury found in favour of Harding and awarded him £2000 in damages; however, his father appealed and the case was later settled out of court.

## Political career

A prominent member of the Sydney business community, later rising to be president of the Electrical and Radio Development Association of NSW in 1941 and 1942, Harding joined the conservative, business-oriented Citizens' Reform Association. He first stood for the Sydney City Council at the municipal elections in December 1934 for Phillip Ward but was unsuccessful against Labor Party candidates Paddy Stokes and Ernest Charles O'Dea. However, when Alderman Richard Hagon retired from the council in July 1935 Harding stood as the Reform Association candidate at the resulting by-election in Macquarie Ward.

Elected on 29 July, Harding was a member of the Works and the Health and by-laws committees but dedicated most of his time towards the Finance Committee, serving in 1937, 1942–45 and 1946–48 and was the committee Vice-Chairman in 1942–44. Working on the consolidation at development of Sydney's electricity supplies, Harding served as a Councillor on the recently established Sydney County Council from 1938 to 1944 and was its Chairman in 1942. In 1937, aware of the inadequate facilities of the City of Sydney Library located in the Queen Victoria Building, Alderman Harding put forward an ambitious proposal to council for the construction and development of a new city library building, complete with a museum and civic theatre. His plan however was not carried out due to the outbreak of war.

During World War II he served on Sydney City Council's National Emergency Services committee from 1942 to 1945, advocating the construction of underground air-raid shelters and other measures preparing for possible attack. His son, Private David Bruce Harding (who attended Sydney Church of England Grammar School, 1930-1935) of 2/17th Battalion died on active service in the Salamaua–Lae campaign on 10 October 1943. At the May 1944 state election Harding stood as the Democratic Party candidate for the seat of North Sydney but was unsuccessful against Labor's James Geraghty.

On 12 December 1944 Harding was elected by the council to serve as Lord Mayor from 1 January 1945 receiving 12 votes against Labor candidate Alderman O'Dea who received 8 votes. On his election Harding acknowledged his opponent and pledged to keep the council free of party politics while affirming the Reform Association's commitment to keep rates low while maintaining effective municipal services. On 29 January 1945, Harding as Lord Mayor welcomed the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester to Sydney and Australia in anticipation of the Duke's appointment as Governor General of Australia.

## Later life

In 1946 Harding attempted gain Liberal Party of Australia preselection for the seat of Parramatta at the 1946 federal election but later withdrew. He served as an Alderman until his retirement in December 1948. In 1949 Harding was fined £40 for failure to file a tax return for 1947 and while he was described by a Taxation Office official as having "caused the department a great deal of trouble", Harding's solicitor noted in court that "Harding had been at death's door and was more than five months in hospital. Many of his staff had left him." and that "\[o\]f two of his lads who went to the war, one was killed and one is a hopeless case." Survived by his wife, son and daughter, he died on 31 March 1978 at his residence on Belmont Avenue, Wollstonecraft.

## InfoBox

| William Harding | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| 67th Lord Mayor of Sydney | |
| **In office**
1 January 1945  31 December 1945 | |
| Preceded by | Reg Bartley |
| Succeeded by | Reg Bartley |
| Alderman of the Sydney City Council | |
| **In office**
29 July 1935  31 December 1948 | |
| Chairman of the Sydney County Council | |
| **In office**
20 January 1942  19 January 1943 | |
| Deputy | Stanley Parry |
| Preceded by | Stanley Parry |
| Succeeded by | Stanley Parry |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1893-01-04)4 January 1893
Sydney, Colony of New South Wales |
| Died | 31 March 1978(1978-03-31) (aged 85)
Wollstonecraft, New South Wales, Australia |
| Political party | Citizens' Reform Association
Democratic Party
Liberal Party |
| Spouse | Constance Algilvie |
| Children | David Bruce Harding (1918-1943)
Ian Grant Harding
1 Daughter |
|  | |


title: William Neville Custance

abstract: General William Neville Custance was a senior British Army officer, who served initially as an infantry officer; but mainly as cavalry officer. Seeing service in the Crimean War and the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

text:
# William Neville Custance

General **William Neville Custance** CB (26 October 1811 – 7 February 1886) was a senior British Army officer, who served initially as an infantry officer; but mainly as cavalry officer. Seeing service in the Crimean War and the Indian Rebellion of 1857 (also known as the Indian Mutiny).

## Family background

Custance was born in Woodbridge, Suffolk, his parents were Hambleton Thomas Custance and Mary Bower. The Custance family had strong links to Weston Longville in Norfolk. He first married Jane Campbell on 8 June 1837 in Dublin, they had one daughter. He then married Mary Meggison on 18 December 1846 in Catton, Norfolk. They had at least five children (one son and four daughters). He died on 7 February 1886 at his home in Fordingbridge (aged 74). On his death he was survived by his second wife who died in 1924. His eldest son was Admiral Sir Reginald Neville Custance.

## Military career

William Custance was commissioned as an ensign (by purchase) on 11 October 1831 into the 95th Regiment of Foot, but he then transferred to the 46th (or South Devonshire) Regiment of Foot, who by 1837 were serving on Gibraltar. After commissioning into the infantry he was then promoted as follows: lieutenant (by purchase) on 26 June 1835; captain (by purchase) 16 March 1838; in 1841 he moves from the 46th Regiment of Foot to the 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays) and in 1848 is serving with the 6th Dragoon Guards (Carabiniers) in Dundalk; major (by purchase) 16 September 1851 (still in the 6th Dragoon Guards (Carabiniers)); lieutenant colonel 1 August 1856; colonel 19 January 1858; major general 6 March 1868; lieutenant general 1 October 1877 and general 7 September 1880. He became the Regimental Colonel of the 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own) on 8 March 1875, a post he held until his death in 1886.

Early on in his career as an infantry officer Custance served on Corfu (19 September 1832 to 17 January 1835) and on Gibraltar (8 September 1840 to 28 Oct 1841).

William Custance served in the Crimean campaign from 14 August 1855, taking part in the Battle of the Chernaya, as well as the siege and fall of Sebastopol. He was awarded the British Crimea Medal with Sebastopol Clasp, the Turkish Order of the Medjidie (5th Class) and Turkish Crimea Medal.

In India he was in command of British cavalry (the Carabiniers (6th Dragoon Guards)) at Meerut at the outbreak of the Indian Rebellion on 10 May 1857, also in the subsequent campaign against rebel Indian leaders and units, including the battles of the Hindon River, on 30 and 31 May 1857 (his mount was killed); then the battle of Budlekaserai (his mount was wounded) and then the siege of Delhi. He commanded the Irregular Cavalry under Sir Hope Grant, at the storming of the city on 14 September 1857. He commanded the Carabiniers and Hodson's Horse at the capture of the fortress of Kanound with 22 guns and treasure. He was also in command of the Carabiniers and 2nd Bengal Fusiliers, surprised the city of Farrukhnagar, taking the Nawab. He next commanded a Wing of the Carabineers in the action of Bunkagaon on 11 October 1858, also three squadrons during the subsequent Central Indian campaign of 1858 focussing on Oudh, including the actions of Mahadipur, Rasoolpur, the advance on and capture of the fortress Mitoudee, the actions of Auygung and Bishwa and he commanded the Carabiniers in pursuit of Tantia Tope for three months through Rajputana and Central India, during which frequently commanded detached Columns. He was personally commended by the Governor General and frequently mentioned in despatches. He was awarded the Indian Mutiny Medal with Clasp, the Brevet rank of Colonel and the CB for his leadership and actions in India during the period 1857 to 1858. The 6th Dragoon Guards would return to the England in 1861.

Back in England on 1 October 1862 Custance took over as Commandant of the Cavalry Depot at Canterbury. In 1865 he is recorded as being back at lieutenant colonel and Commandant of the Cavalry Depot at Maidstone, Kent. He remained on half pay but still affiliated with the 6th Dragoon Guards.

## InfoBox

| William Custance | |
| --- | --- |
| Birth name | William Neville Custance |
| Born | 26 October 1811
Woodbridge, Suffolk, England |
| Died | 7 February 1886 (aged 74)
Fordingbridge, Hampshire, England |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | British Army |
| Years of service | 1831–1886 |
| Rank | General |
| Unit | 95th Regiment of Foot
46th (or South Devonshire) Regiment of Foot
2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays)
6th Dragoon Guards (Carabineers) |
| Commands | 6th Dragoon Guards in India
Commandant of the Cavalry Depots at Canterbury and Maidstone
Colonel of the 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own) |
| Battles/wars | Crimean War Battle of Sebastopol
Indian Rebellion of 1857 Siege of Delhi and other battles |
| Awards | Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB)
Turkish Order of the Medjidie (5th Class) |


title: Moraxella saccharolytica

abstract: Moraxella saccharolytica is a Gram-negative bacterium in the genus Moraxella, which was isolated from the spinal cord of a child with meningitis.

text:
# Moraxella saccharolytica

***Moraxella saccharolytica*** is a Gram-negative bacterium in the genus *Moraxella*, which was isolated from the spinal cord of a child with meningitis.

## InfoBox

| *Moraxella saccharolytica* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Pseudomonadota |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Pseudomonadales |
| Family: | Moraxellaceae |
| Genus: | *Moraxella* |
| Species: | ***M. saccharolytica*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Moraxella saccharolytica***<br>Flamm 1956 | |
|
| Type strain | |
| ATCC 19248, CIP 57.36, CIP 68.37, Courtieu 57.08.504, Flamm 1157-55, Lautrop A196, LMG 1039, NCTC 10753 | |


title: Mordellistena antennaria

abstract: Mordellistena antennaria is a beetle in the genus Mordellistena of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1955 by Franciscolo.

text:
# Mordellistena antennaria

***Mordellistena antennaria*** is a beetle in the genus *Mordellistena* of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1955 by Franciscolo.

## InfoBox

| *Mordellistena antennaria* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordellistena* |
| Species: | ***M. antennaria*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordellistena antennaria***<br>Franciscolo, 1955 | |
|


title: William H. Peirce

abstract: William H. Peirce was an American civil engineer and metallurgist, who pioneered copper production in the early 20th century. Among his achievements was the Peirce-Smith converter, invented with Elias Anton Cappelen Smith.

text:
# William H. Peirce

**William H. Peirce** (died 1944) was an American civil engineer and metallurgist, who pioneered copper production in the early 20th century. Among his achievements was the Peirce-Smith converter, invented with Elias Anton Cappelen Smith.

## Life

He joined the *Baltimore Copper Smelting & Rolling Company* in 1890, becoming vice president in 1895, and later, president of the company. Under his management, the company became one of the major copper producer of the United States. In 1928, the company merged with five other copper companies, to create the Revere Copper Company. Described as "one of the foremost metallurgists of his time", Peirce became the vice president, director and a member of the Executive Committee of Revere from its incorporation in 1928 until his resignation in 1933.

## Invention of the Peirce–Smith converter

The Peirce–Smith converter, developed in 1908 with Elias Anton Cappelen Smith, significantly improved the converting of copper matte.

Before this invention, the converter was a cylindrical barrel, lined with an acid refractory lining, made of sand and clay. It was developed by two French engineers, Pierre Manhès and Paul David from 1880 to 1884. Their copper-converting process, named the Manhès–David process, was directly derived from the Bessemer process. In this horizontal chemical reactor, where air was injected into copper matte, a molten sulfide material containing iron, sulphur and copper, to become molten blister, an alloy containing 99% copper. But the basic slag produced during the blowing combined with the acid silica refractory lining, thereby causing a very short lifetime of the lining.

By developing a basic refractory material adapted to the matte refining process (in magnesia bricks), Peirce and his engineer Smith found a way to drastically increase the lifetime of the lining. It has been stated that, in some cases, the process allowing an increase from 10 to 2500 tons of copper produced without relining the converters. A reduction of the cost of copper converting from 15–20 USD to 4–5 USD has been stated.

The Peirce-Smith converter quickly replaced the Manhès–David converter: by March 1912, the Peirce-Smith Converting Co claimed that "over 80% of the copper produced in \[the U.S.\] is being converted either in P-S type converters or on basic lining, under license, in the old acid shells".

It is still in use today, although the process has been significantly improved since then. In 2010, with 250 converters working in the world, the Peirce-Smith converters refine 90% of the copper matte.

## Honors

In 1931, Peirce, still president of the *Baltimore Copper Smelting & Rolling Co.*, as well as being *President of the Peirce-Smith Converter Company* and vice president of the *American Smelting & Refining Company*, is awarded of the James Douglas medal, for "his numerous improvements in devices for smelting, refining, and rolling copper".

## InfoBox

| William H. Peirce | |
| --- | --- |
| Died | 1944 |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Metallurgist |
| Known for | Peirce-Smith converter |


title: Mordella adnexa

abstract: Mordella adnexa is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1970 from Galicia, Spain and Macedonia.

text:
# Mordella adnexa

***Mordella adnexa*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordella* of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1970 from Galicia, Spain and Macedonia.

## InfoBox

| *Mordella adnexa* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordella* |
| Species: | ***M. adnexa*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordella adnexa***<br>Ermisch, 1970 | |
|


title: Mordella africana

abstract: Mordella africana is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1955.

text:
# Mordella africana

***Mordella africana*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordella* of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1955.

## InfoBox

| *Mordella africana* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordella* |
| Species: | ***M. africana*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordella africana***<br>Franciscolo, 1955 | |
|


title: Mordella aeneosignata

abstract: Mordella aeneosignata is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1931.

text:
# Mordella aeneosignata

***Mordella aeneosignata*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordella* of the family Mordellidae. It was described in 1931.

## InfoBox

| *Mordella aeneosignata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Genus: | *Mordella* |
| Species: | ***M. aeneosignata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordella aeneosignata***<br>Blair, 1931 | |
|


title: Moray and Nairn Coast

abstract: The Moray and Nairn Coast is a protected wetland site on the southern shore of the Moray Firth, in the west of Scotland. A total of 2,412 hectares comprises two areas: intertidal flats, saltmarsh and sand dunes at Findhorn Bay and Culbin Bar, and alluvial deposits and woodland of the lower River Spey and Spey Bay. It has been protected as a Ramsar Site since 1997. The area supports a large number of over-wintering waders and waterbirds, including internationally important populations of greylag geese and long-tailed ducks. Other important birdlife includes ospreys, bar-tailed godwits, pink-footed geese and common redshanks. As well as the Moray and Nairn Coast being recognised as a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, it has also been designated a Special Area of Conservation.

text:
# Moray and Nairn Coast

The **Moray and Nairn Coast** is a protected wetland site on the southern shore of the Moray Firth, in the west of Scotland. A total of 2,412 hectares comprises two areas: intertidal flats, saltmarsh and sand dunes at Findhorn Bay and Culbin Bar, and alluvial deposits and woodland of the lower River Spey and Spey Bay. It has been protected as a Ramsar Site since 1997.

The area supports a large number of over-wintering waders and waterbirds, including internationally important populations of greylag geese and long-tailed ducks. Other important birdlife includes ospreys, bar-tailed godwits, pink-footed geese and common redshanks.

As well as the Moray and Nairn Coast being recognised as a wetland of international importance under the Ramsar Convention, it has also been designated a Special Area of Conservation.

## InfoBox

| Moray and Nairn Coast | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Grampian and Highland, Scotland |
| Nearest city | Elgin |
| Coordinates | 57°38′54″N 3°43′48″W / 57.648333°N 3.73°W / 57.648333; -3.73 |
| Area | 24.12 km2 (9.31 sq mi) |
| Established | 2 February 1997 |
| Governing body | Joint Nature Conservation Committee |


title: Mordella insulata

abstract: Mordella insulata is a species of beetle in the genus Mordella of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1859.

text:
# Mordella insulata

***Mordella insulata*** is a species of beetle in the genus *Mordella* of the family Mordellidae, which is part of the superfamily Tenebrionoidea. It was discovered in 1859.

## InfoBox

| *Mordella insulata* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Subfamily: | Mordellinae |
| Tribe: | Mordellini |
| Genus: | *Mordella* |
| Species: | ***M. insulata*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mordella insulata***<br>LeConte, 1859 | |
|


title: William Mills (English cricketer)

abstract: William Mills was an English lawyer and cricketer who played in first-class cricket matches for Cambridge University, Cambridge Town Club, Marylebone Cricket Club and the Gentlemen of England. He was born in Westminster and died at St John's Wood, both in London. Mills was educated at Harrow School and at St John's College, Cambridge. Mills captained Harrow at cricket in 1839, but with him batting the middle order and apparently not bowling, the Eton v Harrow match was lost badly. At Cambridge University, his batting was less crucial and he often batted lower in the innings, but he made a particular impression as a bowler: because the lack of full scorecards during Mills' career, most of his precise match figures are not known and it is not known whether he batted or bowled right-handed or left-handed, nor whether he was fast or slow. He took five wickets in an innings against Cambridge Town Club in 1842, and four wickets in an innings in other matches. He played in the University Match against Oxford University in the four seasons from 1840 to 1843, and played for MCC in occasional games from 1842 to 1844. After graduating from Cambridge University in 1843 with a Bachelor of Arts degree, Mills became a barrister studying at the Inner Temple and was called to the bar in 1847. He practised on the South Wales and Chester Circuit and then worked for the Law Reports and authored legal books.

text:
# William Mills (English cricketer)

**William Mills** (3 June 1820 – 22 September 1877) was an English lawyer and cricketer who played in first-class cricket matches for Cambridge University, Cambridge Town Club, Marylebone Cricket Club and the Gentlemen of England. He was born in Westminster and died at St John's Wood, both in London.

Mills was educated at Harrow School and at St John's College, Cambridge. Mills captained Harrow at cricket in 1839, but with him batting the middle order and apparently not bowling, the Eton v Harrow match was lost badly. At Cambridge University, his batting was less crucial and he often batted lower in the innings, but he made a particular impression as a bowler: because the lack of full scorecards during Mills' career, most of his precise match figures are not known and it is not known whether he batted or bowled right-handed or left-handed, nor whether he was fast or slow. He took five wickets in an innings against Cambridge Town Club in 1842, and four wickets in an innings in other matches. He played in the University Match against Oxford University in the four seasons from 1840 to 1843, and played for MCC in occasional games from 1842 to 1844.

After graduating from Cambridge University in 1843 with a Bachelor of Arts degree, Mills became a barrister studying at the Inner Temple and was called to the bar in 1847. He practised on the South Wales and Chester Circuit and then worked for the *Law Reports* and authored legal books.