title: 1955–56 Irish League

abstract: The 1955–56 Irish League was the 55th edition of the Irish League, the highest level of league competition in Northern Irish football. The league comprised 12 teams, and Linfield won the championship.

text:
# 1955–56 Irish League

**Belfast**ArdsBallymena UnitedBangorColeraineDerry CityGlenavonPortadown**Belfast teams** : Cliftonville
Crusaders
Distillery
Glentoran
Linfieldclass=notpageimage|Location of teams in the Irish League from **1949–1972** CliftonvilleCrusadersDistilleryGlentoranLinfieldclass=notpageimage|Location of Belfast-based teams in the Irish League from **1949–1972**

The **1955–56 Irish League** was the 55th edition of the Irish League, the highest level of league competition in Northern Irish football. The league comprised 12 teams, and Linfield won the championship.

## League standings

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | D | L | GF | GA | GR | Pts | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Linfield (C) | 22 | 19 | 2 | 1 | 56 | 16 | 3.500 | 40 | Champions |
| 2 | Glenavon | 22 | 14 | 1 | 7 | 77 | 38 | 2.026 | 29 |  |
| 3 | Bangor | 22 | 11 | 5 | 6 | 69 | 54 | 1.278 | | 27 |
| 4 | Coleraine | 22 | 10 | 5 | 7 | 56 | 46 | 1.217 | | 25 |
| 5 | Glentoran | 22 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 43 | 40 | 1.075 | | 24 |
| 6 | Distillery | 22 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 39 | 40 | 0.975 | | 21 |
| 7 | Ards | 22 | 9 | 2 | 11 | 44 | 45 | 0.978 | | 20 |
| 8 | Portadown | 22 | 7 | 4 | 11 | 43 | 57 | 0.754 | | 18 |
| 9 | Derry City | 22 | 6 | 4 | 12 | 42 | 54 | 0.778 | | 16 |
| 10 | Crusaders | 22 | 6 | 4 | 12 | 36 | 53 | 0.679 | | 16 |
| 11 | Cliftonville | 22 | 5 | 4 | 13 | 33 | 62 | 0.532 | | 14 |
| 12 | Ballymena United | 22 | 7 | 0 | 15 | 36 | 69 | 0.522 | | 14 |

Source: rsssf.com
(C) Champions

## Results

| Home \ Away | ARD | BAN | BLM | CLI | COL | CRU | DIS | DER | GLV | GLT | LIN | POR |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Ards |  | 2–4 | 4–3 | 3–2 | 1–1 | 5–2 | 3–2 | 1–2 | 1–0 | 2–3 | 0–1 | 4–0 |
| Bangor | 1–1 |  | 6–2 | 4–2 | 4–4 | 8–3 | 2–2 | 4–1 | 4–6 | 4–2 | 0–4 | 2–3 |
| Ballymena United | 3–2 | 2–3 |  | 1–2 | 0–4 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 1–3 | 1–4 | 4–1 | 1–3 | 1–4 |
| Cliftonville | 1–6 | 0–1 | 3–1 |  | 1–2 | 1–1 | 1–4 | 3–3 | 1–7 | 0–1 | 0–4 | 0–0 |
| Coleraine | 1–0 | 3–4 | 5–1 | 4–1 |  | 1–2 | 2–1 | 3–1 | 1–2 | 2–3 | 1–1 | 4–2 |
| Crusaders | 3–0 | 1–1 | 6–0 | 1–1 | 2–2 |  | 0–1 | 3–2 | 2–1 | 2–3 | 2–5 | 1–0 |
| Distillery | 1–2 | 2–2 | 5–1 | 0–3 | 5–2 | 3–0 |  | 2–1 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 1–3 | 2–2 |
| Derry City | 3–1 | 2–1 | 1–2 | 5–2 | 2–2 | 4–1 | 2–2 |  | 1–4 | 1–2 | 1–2 | 1–1 |
| Glenavon | 6–0 | 3–1 | 3–1 | 1–2 | 9–6 | 5–1 | 3–1 | 5–2 |  | 4–4 | 0–1 | 4–0 |
| Glentoran | 2–1 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 3–4 | 0–1 | 2–1 | 0–0 | 4–2 | 4–2 |  | 1–1 | 0–1 |
| Linfield | 2–1 | 4–3 | 1–2 | 4–1 | 2–1 | 3–0 | 5–0 | 3–1 | 1–0 | 1–0 |  | 2–0 |
| Portadown | 2–4 | 3–7 | 5–1 | 6–2 | 2–4 | 3–1 | 2–2 | 5–1 | 1–7 | 1–4 | 0–3 |  |

Source: Irish League Archive
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

## InfoBox

Irish League
| Season | 1955–56 |
| --- | --- |
| Champions | Linfield<br>23rd Irish title |
| Matches played | 132 |
| Goals scored | 574 (4.35 per match) |
| Top goalscorer | Jimmy Jones (26) |
| 1954–55 1956–57 | |


title: Mile Isaković

abstract: Mile Isaković is a Serbian handball coach and former player who competed for Yugoslavia in the 1980 Summer Olympics and in the 1984 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Mile Isaković

**Mile Isaković** (Serbian Cyrillic: Миле Исаковић; born 17 January 1958) is a Serbian handball coach and former player who competed for Yugoslavia in the 1980 Summer Olympics and in the 1984 Summer Olympics.

## Club career

Born in Šabac, Isaković started out at his hometown club Metaloplastika. He would become the club's all-time top scorer, helping them win six Yugoslav Championships (1981–82, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1984–85, 1985–86, and 1987–88), four Yugoslav Cups (1979–80, 1982–83, 1983–84, and 1985–86), and two successive European Cups (1984–85 and 1985–86). In 1988, Isaković went abroad to France and spent three seasons with US Créteil.

## International career

At international level, Isaković represented Yugoslavia for over a decade. He was an instrumental member of the team that won the gold medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics. Subsequently, Isaković helped Yugoslavia win the gold medal at the 1986 World Championship.

## Coaching career

In 1991, Isaković started his coaching career at French club OM Vitrolles. He led the team to victory in the 1993 Cup Winners' Cup. Later on, Isaković served as head coach of Austrian women's team Hypo Niederösterreich (2004–05) and Italian men's team Secchia (2005–06). He would spend the next two seasons at the helm of his former club US Créteil.

## Honours

### Player

Metaloplastika US Créteil

### Coach

OM Vitrolles

## InfoBox

| Mile Isaković | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Isaković in 2012 | | | |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Mile Isaković | | |
| Born | (1958-01-17) 17 January 1958<br>Šabac, FPR Yugoslavia | | |
| Nationality | Serbian | | |
| Height | 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) | | |
| Playing position | Left wing | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| Years | **Team** | | |
| 1973–1975 | Metaloplastika | | |
| Senior clubs | | | |
| Years | **Team** | | |
| 1975–1986 | Metaloplastika | | |
| 1986–1987 | TSV Milbertshofen | | |
| 1987–1988 | Metaloplastika | | |
| 1988–1991 | US Créteil | | |
| 1993 | OM Vitrolles | | |
| National team | | | |
| Years | **Team** |
| 1978–1990 | Yugoslavia |
| Teams managed | | | |
| 1991–1995 | OM Vitrolles | | |
| 2004–2005 | Hypo Niederösterreich | | |
| 2005–2006 | Secchia | | |
| 2006–2008 | US Créteil | | |
| Medal record      Men's handball  Representing  Yugoslavia  Olympic Games  1984 Los Angeles Team  World Championship  1986 Switzerland Team  1982 West Germany Team  Mediterranean Games  1983 Casablanca Team | | | |


title: Zapote

abstract: Zapote the fifth district of the San José canton, in the San José province of Costa Rica. It is one of the administrative units surrounding San José downtown. The district is primarily residential, although there are some government buildings, standing out the Presidential House, seat of the government.

text:
# Zapote

**Zapote** the fifth district of the San José canton, in the San José province of Costa Rica. It is one of the administrative units surrounding San José downtown (officially composed of the districts of El Carmen, Merced, Hospital and Catedral). The district is primarily residential, although there are some government buildings, standing out the Presidential House, seat of the government.

## Toponymy

Named after the sapote tree and its fruits, which is written zapote in Spanish.

## Geography

Zapote has an area of 2.87 km2 and an elevation of 1,176 metres.

It is located on the east of the canton, lying between Montes de Oca Canton and Curridabat Canton (bordering them to the north and to the east respectively). The district also borders San Francisco district to the south, and Catedral district to the west.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1864 | 773 |  |
| 1883 | 773 | +0.00% |
| 1892 | 994 | +2.83% |
| 1927 | 1,711 | +1.56% |
| 1950 | 6,895 | +6.25% |
| 1963 | 12,769 | +4.85% |
| 1973 | 17,311 | +3.09% |
| 1984 | 18,504 | +0.61% |
| 2000 | 20,753 | +0.72% |
| 2011 | 18,679 | −0.95% |
| 2022 | 19,684 | +0.48% |
| Source: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos
Centro Centroamericano de Población | | |

For the 2011 census, Zapote had a population of 18,679 inhabitants.

## Transportation

### Road transportation

The district is covered by the following road routes:

## Locations

Zapote district includes the "barrios" (or neighbourhoods) of Alborada, Calderón Muñoz, Cerrito, Córdoba, Gloria, Jardín, Las Luisas, Mangos, Montealegre, Moreno Cañas, Quesada Durán, San Dimas, San Gerardo (part of it), Trébol, Ujarrás, Vista Hermosa, Yoses Sur and Zapote Centro. The main official building in the area is the Casa Presidencial, the government building for the President of Costa Rica (but not the residence, which would be the private residence of the presidente) and the executive power, established there since 1986.

## InfoBox

| Zapote | |
| --- | --- |
| District | |
| Catholic Church of Zapote located across the street from Parque Nicaragua, the district's main park. | |
| Zapote district | |
| ZapoteZapote district location in Costa Rica | |
| Coordinates: 9°55′13″N 84°03′33″W / 9.9203408°N 84.0592286°W / 9.9203408; -84.0592286 | |
| Country | Costa Rica |
| Province | San José |
| Canton | San José |
| Area | |
| Total | 2.87 km2 (1.11 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,176 m (3,858 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 18,679 |
| Density | 6,500/km2 (17,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−06:00 |
| Postal code | 10105 |


title: Suttons Seeds

abstract: Suttons Seeds is a long established supplier of seeds, bulbs, and other horticultural products. Today based in the English town of Paignton, the company supplies its products worldwide, and until 2014 was part of the Vilmorin Clause & Compagnie group of companies.

text:
# Suttons Seeds

**Suttons Seeds** is a long established supplier of seeds, bulbs, and other horticultural products. Today based in the English town of Paignton, the company supplies its products worldwide, and until 2014 was part of the Vilmorin Clause & Compagnie group of companies.

## History

### Founding

Suttons Seeds were founded in the Berkshire town of Reading in 1806 by John Sutton (1777–1863). Originally the company traded as corn merchants and were known as the 'House of Sutton'. In 1832 John Sutton was joined in the business by his sons, Martin Hope Sutton (1815–1901) and Alfred Sutton (1818–1897).

In 1837, the business moved to Reading's Market Place, where the sons persuaded their father to expand into the flower and vegetable seed trade. From this time on the firm progressed and expanded rapidly, earning a reputation for supplying pure, unadulterated seed.

The Market Place shop occupied a prominent position overlooking the Saturday vegetable and general market. Martin Hope acquired nursery grounds in Queens Road along with a greenhouse. In 1836, aged 21 years, he became a partner and the 'House of Sutton' became Sutton & Son. By mid-1838 they began selling greenhouse plants, many of the bulbs coming from local nurseries, but some from the Netherlands.

Suttons established their own laboratory to test seeds for germination and purity in 1840. In the same year, the company became one of the first to take advantage of the opening of the Great Western Railway through Reading. The railway was responsible both for bringing in large consignments of seeds and bulbs, and for carrying outgoing mail orders to all parts of the country.

A branch was established in Calcutta, India in 1912, making it one of the earliest seed companies in India after Pune-based Pestonjee P. Pocha & Sons, established in 1884.

### Royal patronage

Suttons received royal patronage in 1858, when Queen Victoria requested Martin Hope Sutton to supply seeds to the royal household. Suttons Seeds have held a Royal Warrant ever since, and were suppliers to Queen Elizabeth II.

In 1873, extensive new offices and warehouses replaced the original premises, albeit still fronting Market Place. These occupied a considerable part of central Reading. The premises included offices, different store rooms for various seeds and bulbs, an exhibition department, stables and even a works fire station. During the 1880s the company funded a Mission Room in Albert Road Reading and presumably employed a Mission Woman, Susan Warwick (Census 1881).

### 20th century

In 1911, the company donated money towards the setting up of a new hall at the then University College Reading (later to become the University of Reading), providing half the funds for Wessex Hall (Brown, 2006).

In 1962, Suttons moved again to new show grounds and premises on the then main A4 road just to the east of Reading. In 1965, Suttons were the first company to offer foil packets to the amateur gardener in the UK. The company relocated from Reading to Torquay in the county of Devon in 1976 and in 1998 moved again to brand-new premises in the nearby town of Paignton.

In December 2014, the company was taken over by a management buyout.

The Museum of English Rural Life holds records for the company including accounts, administrative and commercial records, publications and advertising, international photographic records, records of exhibitions and personal records plus over 100 objects used and made by Suttons, including sacks, signs and seeds.

## References and sources

References Sources

## InfoBox

Suttons Consumer Products Limited
|
|  |
| Company type | Private |
| Industry | Gardening |
| Founded | 1806 |
| Headquarters | Paignton, Devon, England |
| Area served | Worldwide |
| Products | Seeds, plants, garden equipment |
| Parent | Branded Garden Products Limited |
| Website | www.suttons.co.uk |


title: Tsukumi, Ōita

abstract: Tsukumi is a city located in Ōita Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 August 2023, the city had an estimated population of 15,492 in 7666 households, and a population density of 190 persons per km⁲. The total area of the city is 79.48 km⁲ (30.69 sq mi). Although it has the smallest population among the cities in Ōita Prefecture, it has the third highest population density after Ōita City and Beppu City.

text:
# Tsukumi, Ōita

**Tsukumi** (津久見市, *Tsukumi-shi*) is a city located in Ōita Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 August 2023, the city had an estimated population of 15,492 in 7666 households, and a population density of 190 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 79.48 km2 (30.69 sq mi). Although it has the smallest population among the cities in Ōita Prefecture, it has the third highest population density after Ōita City and Beppu City.

## Geography

Tsukumi is located in southeastern Ōita Prefecture, approximately 30 kilometers southeast of the prefectural capital at Ōita City. The eastern side faces the Bungo Channel and surrounds Tsukumi Bay, which is part of the Bungo Channel, from three sides, and the northern half of the Youra Peninsula on the south side of the bay and the southern half of the Nagame Peninsula on the north side.

### Neighboring municipalities

Ōita Prefecture

### Climate

Tsukumi has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen *Cfa*) characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Tsukumi is 15.6 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1759 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 26.1 °C, and lowest in January, at around 5.5 °C.

## Demographics

Per Japanese census data, the population of Tsukumi has declined in recent decades.

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1950 | 29,147 |  |
| 1960 | 37,164 | +27.5% |
| 1970 | 33,988 | −8.5% |
| 1980 | 30,454 | −10.4% |
| 1990 | 26,797 | −12.0% |
| 2000 | 23,164 | −13.6% |
| 2010 | 19,919 | −14.0% |
| 2020 | 16,100 | −19.2% |

## History

The area of Tsukumi was part of ancient Bungo Province. According to legend Emperor Jimmu climbed Mount Suisho in Tsukumi and offered mandarin oranges to the people. Historical records indicate that mandarin oranges were cultivated in the area from around 740 AD. During the Edo period the area was divided between Usuki Domain and Saiki Domain. Following the Meiji restoration, the village of Tsukumi (津組村) within Minamiamabe District, Ōita was established on May 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system. It was raised to town status on January 1, 1921, changing the *kanji* of its name to the present characters. It was raised to city status on April 1, 1951.

## Government

Tsukumi has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city council of 12 members. Tsukumi contributes one member to the Ōita Prefectural Assembly. In terms of national politics, the city is part of the Ōita 2nd district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.

## Economy

The economy of Tsukumi is center around limestone quarries and cement manufacturing. West of the city is the Todaka Mine, one the biggest limestone quarries in Japan. The limestone is used in the Tsukumi cement plant owned by the Taiheiyo Cement Corporation.

## Education

Tsukumi has five public elementary schools and three public junior high schools operated by the city government. The city has one public high school operated by the Ōita Prefectural Board of Education.

## Transportation

### Railways

JR Kyushu \- Nippō Main Line

### Highways

## Notable people from Tsukumi

## InfoBox

| Tsukumi 津久見市 | |
| --- | --- |
| City | |
| Tsukumi city hall | |
|  | |
| Location of Tsukumi in Ōita Prefecture | |
| TsukumiLocation in Japan | |
| Coordinates: 33°4′20″N 131°51′41″E / 33.07222°N 131.86139°E / 33.07222; 131.86139 | |
| Country | Japan |
| Region | Kyushu |
| Prefecture | Ōita |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Koji Yoshimoto (since December 2003) |
| Area | |
| Total | 79.48 km2 (30.69 sq mi) |
| Population (August 31, 2023) | |
| Total | 15,492 |
| Density | 190/km2 (500/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+09:00 (JST) |
| City hall address | Miyamoto-cho 20-15, Tsukumi-shi, Ōita-ken |
| Website | Official website |
|  | |
| Symbols | |
|  | |
| Flower | Citrus tachibana |
| Tree | Quercus phillyraeoioles |
|  | |


title: William T. Ellis

abstract: William Thomas Ellis was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky, United States.

text:
# William T. Ellis

**William Thomas Ellis** (July 24, 1845 – January 8, 1925) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky, United States.

## Early life and family

William Ellis was born near Knottsville, Kentucky, on July 24, 1845. He was one of two sons born Luther R. and Mary M. (Kellum) Ellis.

Ellis was educated in the common schools until age sixteen. On October 5, 1861, he enlisted as a private in the First Kentucky Confederate Cavalry. This unit became a part of the Orphan Brigade. Ellis eventually rose to become a non-commissioned officer in command of scouts. He served until the end of the war and mustered out on April 21, 1865.

After the war, Ellis resumed his studies at Pleasant Valley Cemetery in Daviess County. To defray the cost of his education, he worked during the summer months. He studied law, supporting himself by serving as principal of Mount Etna Academy in Ohio County in 1867 and 1868. Admitted to the bar in 1868, he attended a course of lectures at Harvard Law School before commencing practice in Owensboro in 1870.

On October 20, 1871, Ellis married Alice Coffey. Coffey died in 1872, and on November 2, 1876, Ellis married Mattie B. Miller.

## Political career

In August 1870, Ellis was elected county attorney for Daviess County. He was re-elected to this position in 1874. He served as a Democratic presidential elector for the ticket of Samuel J. Tilden and Thomas Andrews Hendricks in the 1876 presidential election. He unsuccessfully sought election to the Fiftieth Congress in 1886.

Ellis was elected to represent Kentucky's Second District in the U.S. House of Representatives in 1888. He was twice re-elected, serving in the Fifty-first, Fifty-second, and Fifty-third Congresses (March 4, 1889 – March 3, 1895). While he was away from his law practice on congressional business, the firm's business was handled by his law partners, one of whom was future Congressman William N. Sweeney.

During the Fifty-second and Fifty-third Congresses, he chaired the Committee on Revision of the Laws. A Free Silver supporter, he served on the Banking and Currency Committee and was critical of President Grover Cleveland's sound money position. He did not seek re-election in 1894.

## Later life and death

After his service in Congress, Ellis returned to his law practice. He was a delegate to the 1896 Democratic National Convention. He also engaged in literary pursuits.

Ellis died in Owensboro, Kentucky, on January 8, 1925, and was interred in Rosehill Elmwood Cemetery.

### Bibliography

* *Biographical Cyclopedia of the Commonwealth of Kentucky*. Chicago, Illinois: J.M. Gresham Company. 1896.
* United States Congress. "William T. Ellis (id: E000139)". *Biographical Directory of the United States Congress*.

Media related to William Thomas Ellis at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| William Thomas Ellis | |
| --- | --- |
| Portrait of Ellis by Aurelius O. Revenaugh | |
|  | |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Kentucky's 2nd district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1889  March 3, 1895 | |
| Preceded by | Polk Laffoon |
| Succeeded by | John Daniel Clardy |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1845-07-24)July 24, 1845
Daviess County, Kentucky |
| Died | January 8, 1925(1925-01-08) (aged 79)
Owensboro, Kentucky |
| Resting place | Elmwood Cemetery |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Spouse(s) | Alice Coffey
Mattie B. Miller |
| Alma mater | Harvard Law School |
| Profession | Lawyer |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Confederate States of America |
| Branch/service | Confederate States Army |
| Years of service | 1861  1865 |
| Unit | 1st Kentucky Cavalry |
| Battles/wars | American Civil War |
|  | |


title: William Venn Gough

abstract: William Venn Gough (1842–1918) was an architect responsible for a number of prominent buildings in Bristol. His works include the Cabot Tower, Colston's Girls' School, Trinity Road Library, St Aldhelm's church and South Street School in Bedminster, the village hall in Yatton, and Port of Bristol Authority Docks Office, now Queen Square House, in Queen Square. Gough collaborated with Archibald Ponton on buildings such as Bristol's Granary on Welsh Back. From 1872 he had an office at Athenaeum Chambers, Nicholas Street, Bristol. and then from 1898 to 1906 at 98, Hampton Road, Bristol. He then moved to 24, Bridge Street, Bristol until 1914. In 1904 William Venn Gough designed the Technical Institute and Seely Library, Newport, Isle of Wight; the building was Grade 2 listed in 1972. In 1908 Gough designed the memorial for John Kay, inventor of the Flying Shuttle, in Kay Gardens, Bury, Lancashire; the memorial was grade 2 listed in 1985.

text:
# William Venn Gough

**William Venn Gough** (18421918) was an architect responsible for a number of prominent buildings in Bristol. His works include the Cabot Tower, Colston's Girls' School (now Montpelier High School), Trinity Road Library, St Aldhelm's church and South Street School in Bedminster, the village hall in Yatton, and Port of Bristol Authority Docks Office, now Queen Square House, in Queen Square.

Gough collaborated with Archibald Ponton on buildings such as Bristol's Granary on Welsh Back.

From 1872 he had an office at Athenaeum Chambers, Nicholas Street, Bristol. and then from 1898 to 1906 at 98, Hampton Road, Bristol. He then moved to 24, Bridge Street, Bristol until 1914.

In 1904 William Venn Gough designed the Technical Institute and Seely Library, Newport, Isle of Wight; the building was Grade 2 listed in 1972.

In 1908 Gough designed the memorial for John Kay, inventor of the Flying Shuttle, in Kay Gardens, Bury, Lancashire; the memorial was grade 2 listed in 1985.

1. "Bristol, St. Aldhelm, Bedminster". *churchplansonline.org*. Historic Churches Preservation Trust. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
2. Andrew Foyle (2004). *Bristol*. Yale University Press. p. 280. ISBN 978-0-300-10442-4. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
3. "A Bit of History". *Yatton Village Hall website*. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
4. Thom Gorst (6 December 2012). *The Buildings Around Us*. Taylor & Francis. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-135-82328-3. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
5. John Dixon Hunt; Faith M. Holland (1982). *The Ruskin Polygon: Essays on the Imagination of John Ruskin*. Manchester University Press. p. 86. ISBN 978-0-7190-0834-4. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
6. "William Venn Gough". *Directory of Scottish Architects*. Retrieved 21 May 2007.
7. "Newport Nodehill County Middle School and Library - Grade II listing". *British Listed Buildings*. Retrieved 15 August 2022.
8. "Kay Monument at Kay Gardens, Grade 2 listing". *British Listed Buildings*. Retrieved 15 August 2022.


title: William Venning Glanville Hancock

abstract: William Venning Glanville Hancock was an officer in the British Army. Hancock was born on 27 April 1892 in Penzance, a town in Cornwall, England.

text:
# William Venning Glanville Hancock

**William Venning Glanville Hancock** OBE (27 April 1892 – 8 February 1964) was an officer in the British Army.

Hancock was born on 27 April 1892 in Penzance, a town in Cornwall, England.

## Career

Hancock was commissioned into the Royal Garrison Artillery. He served in theatres in France and Belgium. He was made a captain on 3 February 1915 and subsequently a major. He received the British War Medal, Territorial Force War Medal, and Victory Medal. Hancock was mentioned in dispatches on 21 May 1918 and 7 July 1919. He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 1919 Birthday Honours.

He was subsequently employed by Barclays as a bank manager. With Hancock as treasurer of the Fowey Golf Club, Cornwall, they reported a "considerably improved financial situation due to more visitors using the links." He was a donor of the Fowey Cottage Hospital.

## InfoBox

| William Venning Glanville Hancock
OBE | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1892-04-27)27 April 1892
Penzance, England |
| Died | 8 February 1964(1964-02-08) (aged 71)
Penzance, England |
| Service/branch | British Army |
| Rank | Major |
| Awards | Order of the British Empire (OBE)
Territorial War Medal |


title: William Peskett

abstract: William Peskett is a poet from Northern Ireland. Peskett was educated in Belfast and at Cambridge University, where he read natural sciences. He has published two volumes of poems, The Nightowl’s Dissection and Survivors, for the first of which he won an Eric Gregory Award for poetry. In the 1970s, Peskett edited the poetry magazine, Caret, with Trevor McMahon and Robert Johnstone. He wrote two novels, Pondlife and Losing Yourself. He has worked in teaching, journalism, marketing, design management and corporate relations and lives in Thailand.

text:
# William Peskett

**William Peskett** (born 1952) is a poet from Northern Ireland.

Peskett was educated in Belfast and at Cambridge University, where he read natural sciences.

He has published two volumes of poems, *The Nightowl’s Dissection* (Secker & Warburg 1975) and *Survivors* (Secker & Warburg 1980), for the first of which he won an Eric Gregory Award for poetry. In the 1970s, Peskett edited the poetry magazine, *Caret*, with Trevor McMahon and Robert Johnstone. He wrote two novels, *Pondlife* and *Losing Yourself*. He has worked in teaching, journalism, marketing, design management and corporate relations and lives in Thailand.

## InfoBox

| William Peskett | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1952 (age 7172) |
| Nationality | Northern Ireland |
| Occupation | poet |


title: William Winkenwerder Jr.

abstract: William Winkenwerder Jr. is an American business and health care industry executive. He served as Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs from 2001 to 2007. He also has served in other executive positions within the health industry. He previously served as CEO of Highmark. He is currently the Chairman and CEO of Winkenwerder Strategies and the Chairman of CitiusTech.

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# William Winkenwerder Jr.

**William Winkenwerder Jr.** is an American business and health care industry executive. He served as Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs from 2001 to 2007. He also has served in other executive positions within the health industry.

He previously served as CEO of Highmark. He is currently the Chairman and CEO of Winkenwerder Strategies and the Chairman of CitiusTech.

## Education

Winkenwerder graduated from Davidson College with a BS in Pre-Med in 1976 and The University of North Carolina Medical School in 1981. In 1986, he received his Master of Business Administration from The Wharton School of The University of Pennsylvania. Winkenwerder is board certified in internal medicine, and a fellow of The American College of Physicians.

## Career

### Early career

Winkenwerder worked as a senior executive in the private healthcare industry. He was an early advocate of evidence-based medicine, prevention, and clinical practice guidelines. He was Vice President at Blue Cross Blue Shield of Massachusetts. AHIP asked him to join their board of directors.

### Department of Defense

From October 2001 through April 2007, Winkenwerder served as Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs in the United States Department of Defense. His senate confirmation was sponsored and presented to the US Senate Armed Services Committee by Senator Ted Kennedy of Massachusetts.

Winkenwerder was one of the officials who pursued a military anthrax vaccine immunization program and its potential expansion to include civilians. While in office, Winkenwerder also documented the U.S. military smallpox vaccination program through a study. Winkenwerder also organized a task force that worked on a plan to provide benefits for reserve and National Guard forces, which opened Tricare to non-mobilized reserve servicemen without employment or health insurance.

In 2005, Winkenwerder testified before Congress on the subject of military mental health.

Also in 2005, during his tenure at the Department of Defense, Winkenwerder issued an internal policy statement reiterating the importance of 'humane treatment of detainees' during interrogations at the Guantanamo Bay detention camp. The guidance specified that military medics charged with the medical care of detainees must be guided by medical ethics, make medically appropriate decisions and report inhumane treatment. It was later reported that military intelligence, which did not report to Winkenwerder, allowed some 'non treating' medical and science personnel to assist in the interrogations. Winkenwerder said that had resulted in a very small number of reports of patient abuse by military medics.

In 2007, he was also testified about conditions and renovations at the Walter Reed Medical Center and the National Naval Medical Center. During his tenure, the Walter Reed Medical Center, the Bethesda Naval Hospital, and several smaller military hospitals were consolidated into the National Naval Medical Center.

Winkenwerder launched AHLTA (Armed-forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application), which was the world’s largest electronic health record system at the time of its implementation, in order to transition the armed forces to using electronic health records.

He stepped down from his post in April 2007, following criticism of the Department of Defense's medical records system he had overseen.

Winkenwerder is an honorary chairman of the International Committee of Military Medicine.

### Later career

In 2004, Winkenwerder received the Alumni Achievement Award from his alma mater, the Wharton School of Business, for his work with the Department of Defense. In 2005, he went on to receive the Dr. Nathan Davis Award from the American Medical Association.

In 2007, Winkenwerder was hired as a senior adviser by Deloitte. From 2007 to 2012, Winkenwerder has served as chairman of The Winkenwerder Company. In 2009, Johns Hopkins Medicine retained The Winkenwerder Company to help develop advanced health care services for government agencies.

From 2012 to 2014, he served as CEO of Highmark. During his tenure, Highmark established the Allegheny Health Network after acquiring several hospitals in Western Pennsylvania, including Saint Vincent Hospital. In May 2014, Winkenwerder was removed from the position.

In late 2014, Winkenwerder established the private equity firm Winkenwerder Strategies.

He also sits on the board of directors of The Bob Woodruff Foundation. He is also a board member at Confluent Health, Accreon, and Cureatr, where he served as vice chairman of the board. Since 2015, Winkenwerder has served as the board director of CitiusTech Inc, becoming its Chairman in 2017. He acted as an advisor to candidates in the US national elections of 2008 and 2012.

## Publications

Winkenwerder has published articles, interviews, and editorials in Health Affairs, New England Journal of Medicine, Journal of the American Medical Association, New York Times, The Washington Post, The Wall Street Journal, and USA Today. He has contributed to national news and media outlets including CNN, ABC, and Fox News.

## Recognition

Winkenwerder has been recognized for his professional achievements by:

## InfoBox

| William Winkenwerder Jr. | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation | Healthcare executive |
| Known for | Previously the United States Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs |


title: William Thompson Casson

abstract: William Thompson Casson (1844–1909) was a leading English coach designer and coach manufacturer, who, in the latter part of the nineteenth century. designed and built coaches for Queen Victoria and other members of the European nobility. His reputation earned him many honours and accolades; he was elected member of the Royal Society of Arts, and received the rare honour: Freedom of the City of London.

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# William Thompson Casson

**William Thompson Casson** (1844–1909) was a leading English coach designer and coach manufacturer, who, in the latter part of the nineteenth century. designed and built coaches for Queen Victoria and other members of the European nobility. His reputation earned him many honours and accolades; he was elected member of the Royal Society of Arts, and received the rare honour: Freedom of the City of London.

## Early Days

William Thompson Casson was born at Aspatria, Cumberland in 1844. After losing his parents in early childhood he became ward to his grandparents, local weavers, Robert and Isabella Burnett. After receiving an elementary education at the local school, he became an apprentice to John Ferguson, an Aspatria coach-builder of some repute. At work he had a meteoric rise; he trained as a wheelwright, developed into a draughtsman, and became Works Manager, before the age of twenty-five. Casson was also a small-time bicycle manufacturer in his own right, building his first bike simply because none of the ones on the market fitted his requirements. According to contemporary reports the finished design was not too dissimilar to the modern cycle. A close friend and fellow Aspatrian, Thomas Walker, founder of the Cockermouth monumental masons firm of Walker Brothers, bought one. Walker was apprenticed to Henry Graves, quarry owner and mason, who in his capacity of foreman supervised the building of Aspatria vicarage, and the churches of Bridekirk and Silloth. According to Walker, the sight of Casson speeding along the streets of Aspatria with his feet resting on the handlebars brought terror to the entire neighbourhood. He also enrolled for part-time education at the newly established Aspatria Agricultural College and became one of the institutions earliest successes. In 1875, the court of the Worshipful Company of Coachmakers and Coach Harness Makers of London bestowed a number of honours. He obtained a First Class prize for plane, practical and solid geometry; a Second Class prize for theoretical mechanics; a bronze medal and a technology prize of two guineas. While at the 'Technology of Carriage Making' examination, held on behalf of the Royal Society of Arts he gained an additional First Class Certificate and a prize of £5. In 1876, he won a further silver medal and also a Certificate of Merit for the best treatise on carriage construction.

## London

In 1877 Casson married the daughter of Joseph Charters of Baggrow, Cumberland and migrated to London, where he became representative to Messrs Hooper & Co., coachmakers to Queen Victoria. The Worshipful Company's annual report for 1877 drew special attention to Casson's technical ability in the design of a Salisbury Boot. The boot was of curved form covered with leather, placed on the front gearing under the driver's seat. In the 19th century it was much in fashion for dress carriages of the aristocracy. Casson had displayed not only a good practical knowledge of construction, but a thorough scientific knowledge of design methodology. The receipt of a further silver medal, and the company's certificate for four outline drawings, plans and sections for Omnibus, Barouche, and Salisbury Boot brought his ability to a wide audience. In 1877, on behalf of his employer, he visited the centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, USA, where he obtained the medal and highest commendation awarded to an international exhibitor.

## Master coachbuilder

By 1878, Casson had become a ‘master coachbuilder’ and in consequence entered into a partnership with Cook and Co., the Malvern Link, Carriage Works in Malvern, Worcestershire. He also became one of seven representatives chosen by the Carriage Builders Institute and the Royal Society of Arts to attend and report on the carriages exhibited at the 1878 Paris Exhibition. Later that year he exhibited a series of eighteen engravings depicting facets of carriage design at an exhibition held in the Mansion House, London. In 1880, Casson took the first prize for a two-wheeled brake in an open competition at Newcastle upon Tyne. In 1990, the Worshipful Company of Coach and Harness Makers of London awarded him, not only the freedom of their company but also the freedom of the City of London, a joint honour only bestowed by that company on three previous occasions. He later became a member of the Royal Society of the Arts. In 1891, Casson took over the business, Starkey and Co, of Ross on Wye and continued to run a successful business until his death in 1909.

## Bibliography

* J. D. Rose; M. Dunglinson (1987). *Aspatria: A Cumbrian Town*. Chichester: Phillimore & Co Ltd. ISBN 978-0-85033-635-1.


abstract: The Willie Commelin Scholten Phytopathological Laboratory now known as the WCS-Foundation was a plant pathology research institute in the Netherlands. It was established in Amsterdam on 18 December 1894 but moved to Baarn in 1920. It was merged into the university system in 1992. The institute was begun in 1894 with funding from Mr C.W.R. Scholten and Mrs H.H. Scholten née Commelin and named after their deceased son Willie who had been interested in plant pathology after training under Hugo de Vries. It was originally created to support the flower bulb trade and later began to support tobacco and sugarcane plantations in the Dutch East Indies. The first director was Professor J. Ritzema Bos. Another institute of phytopathology was created at Wageningen and was directed by Ritzema Bos from 1905. Following his departure, the laboratory was headed by Johanna Westerdijk, the first woman professor in the Netherlands. She served as a director from 1906 to 1952. After her retirement, Louise Kerling became director of the institute. In 1920, laboratory was moved to Baarn and placed under the University of Utrecht. In 1991 the laboratory in Baarn was closed but the WCS-Foundation continued to exist. and the WCS-Laboratory was placed under it. The institute at Baarn was converted in 1964 into a repository for fungal cultures - ‘Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures’ (CBS).

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# Willie Commelin Scholten Phytopathology Laboratory

The **Willie Commelin Scholten Phytopathological Laboratory** now known as the **WCS-Foundation** (In Dutch: Stichting Willie Commelin Scholten voor de Fytopathologie) was a plant pathology research institute in the Netherlands. It was established in Amsterdam on 18 December 1894 but moved to Baarn in 1920. It was merged into the university system in 1992.

The institute was begun in 1894 with funding from Mr C.W.R. Scholten and Mrs H.H. Scholten née Commelin and named after their deceased son Willie who had been interested in plant pathology after training under Hugo de Vries. It was originally created to support the flower bulb trade and later began to support tobacco and sugarcane plantations in the Dutch East Indies. The first director was Professor J. Ritzema Bos. Another institute of phytopathology was created at Wageningen and was directed by Ritzema Bos from 1905. Following his departure, the laboratory was headed by Johanna Westerdijk, the first woman professor in the Netherlands. She served as a director from 1906 to 1952. After her retirement, Louise Kerling became director of the institute.

In 1920, laboratory was moved to Baarn and placed under the University of Utrecht. In 1991 the laboratory in Baarn was closed but the WCS-Foundation continued to exist. and the WCS-Laboratory was placed under it. The institute at Baarn was converted in 1964 into a repository for fungal cultures - ‘Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures’ (CBS).


title: William Scurry

abstract: William Charles Scurry, was an Australian soldier who invented the self-firing "drip rifle" while serving as a private in the Gallipoli campaign during the First World War. He was decorated for his invention and was later commissioned and served as an officer during the fighting on the Western Front, where he commanded a mortar battery before being wounded in action. In later life Scurry worked as an architectural modeller and orchardist before his war injuries forced him to retire. During the Second World War, he served on home service, as commandant of an internment camp before retiring to civilian life following the end of the war. He died in 1963.

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# William Scurry

**William Charles Scurry**, MC, DCM (30 October 1895 – 28 December 1963) was an Australian soldier who invented the self-firing "drip rifle" while serving as a private in the Gallipoli campaign during the First World War. He was decorated for his invention and was later commissioned and served as an officer during the fighting on the Western Front, where he commanded a mortar battery before being wounded in action.

In later life Scurry worked as an architectural modeller and orchardist before his war injuries forced him to retire. During the Second World War, he served on home service, as commandant of an internment camp before retiring to civilian life following the end of the war. He died in 1963.

## Early life

Scurry was born in Carlton, Melbourne, to William Charles Scurry, an architectural modeller, and his English wife, Bessie Scurry (née Preston). He attended Ascot Vale State School before working for his father's firm. As part of the compulsory training scheme he served in the Senior Cadets before progressing on to the Citizens Forces in 1913 where he served as a colour sergeant before being commissioned as a second lieutenant in May 1914 and assigned to the 58th Infantry (Essendon Rifles).

## First World War

Following the outbreak of the First World War, Scurry relinquished his commission and enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force in 1915 as a private. Assigned to the 7th Battalion, he was sent to join the battalion at Gallipoli in November 1915 and was promoted to lance corporal in December. Shortly after his arrival, the Allies decided to evacuate the peninsula and Scurry, alongside his friend Alfred 'Bunty' Lawrence, developed the self-firing rifle which worked simply by having water from one bully beef tin drip into a lower tin. When the water in the lower tin, which was attached to the trigger of the rifle, reached a certain weight, the rifle was fired. This ruse led to the Turkish defenders to believe that there were still troops opposing them while they were being evacuated.

For his invention, Scurry was awarded the Distinguished Conduct Medal and Mentioned in Despatches. Following the evacuation, after the AIF had returned to Egypt, Scurry was promoted to sergeant and then later, on 20 February 1916, was again commissioned as a second lieutenant. At this time the AIF underwent a period of expansion and experienced men were needed as cadre for new battalions that were being raised; subsequently Scurry was transferred to the 58th Battalion and in June, as his battalion was deployed to France where they would serve in the trenches along the Western Front, Scurry was promoted to lieutenant.

Shortly after arriving in France, he was placed in command of the 15th Light Trench Mortar Battery on specific request of his brigade commander, Harold Edward Elliott, who had been his battalion commander at Gallipoli, and promoted to temporary captain. For his leadership of this battery, he was later awarded the Military Cross. In 1916, when in Petillon, France, he was badly wounded when inspecting a new kind of fuse on an unexploded bomb. He was evacuated to England and eventually lost the sight in one eye, and his right index finger. However, he continued to serve and became an instructor at I Anzac Corps School at Aveluy in June 1917. He later became the School's chief instructor, before returning to the front in 1918.

## Later life

Following The Armistice, Scurry returned to Australia in 1919 and became engaged to Doris Barry, an Army nurse he met while in France. The couple were married in 1920 and later had four children. He returned to his father's firm, however, in 1923 as his vision failed he was forced to give up working as an architectural modeller. He subsequently moved to Silvan where he became an orchardist before his injury forced him to give up this work also.

During the Second World War, Scurry re-enlisted in the Army on 5 September 1940 and served with the 17th Garrison Battalion with the rank of captain, before later taking up the post of commandant of the Tatura Internment Camp, then with the rank of major. He was discharged on 8 October 1945 and retired to Croydon, where he died on 28 December 1963 of a coronary occlusion. He was later interred at Lilydale cemetery.

## InfoBox

| William Scurry | |
| --- | --- |
| William Scurry, c. 1919 | |
| Born | (1895-10-30)30 October 1895
Carlton, Victoria, Australia |
| Died | 28 December 1963(1963-12-28) (aged 68)
Croydon, Victoria, Australia |
| Allegiance | Australia |
| Service/branch | Australian Army |
| Years of service | 1913–1919
1940–1945 |
| Rank | Major |
| Battles/wars |  |
| Awards | Military Cross
Distinguished Conduct Medal
Mentioned in Despatches |


title: William St. Clair Tisdall

abstract: William St. Clair Tisdall (1859–1928) was a British Anglican priest, linguist, historian and philologist who served as the Secretary of the Church of England's Missionary Society in Isfahan, Persia.

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# William St. Clair Tisdall

**William St. Clair Tisdall** (18591928) was a British Anglican priest, linguist, historian and philologist who served as the Secretary of the Church of England's Missionary Society in Isfahan, Persia.

## Career

Tisdall was the principal at the Training College in Amritsar and later was the missionary in charge of the C.M.S. Muhammadan Mission in Bombay.

He was fluent in several Middle Eastern languages, including Arabic, and spent much time researching the sources of Islam and the Qur'an in the original languages. He also wrote grammars for Persian, Hindustani, Punjabi and Gujarati.

As an early scholar of Gujarati grammar, he defined three major varieties of Gujarati: a standard 'Hindu' dialect, a 'Parsi' dialect and a 'Muslim' dialect.

## Recent criticisms of Tisdall

Clinton Bennett, in his *Victorian Images of Islam* (1992), paints Tisdall as a confrontationalist perpetuating a traditional Christian anti-Muslim polemic.

Tisdall was one of thirteen authors whose essays were compiled in *The Origins of The Koran: Classic Essays on Islam’s Holy Book*, a 1998 book edited by Ibn Warraq. In reviewing the compilation, religious studies professor Herbert Berg panned the inclusion of Tisdall's work as "not a particularly scholarly essay". Berg concluded "\[i\]t seems that Ibn Warraq has included some of the essays not on the basis of their scholarly value or their status as 'classics', but rather on the basis of their hostility to Islam. This does not necessarily diminish the value of the collection, but the reader should be aware that this collection does not fully represent classic scholarship on the Quran".

Tisdall accuses Muhammad of inventing revelations according to what he believed to be the need of the moment.

## Bibliography

1. "Library of Congress Online Catalog". Retrieved 20 September 2008.
2. A simplified grammar of the Gujarati language by William St. Clair Tisdall (1892)
3. Bennett, Clinton *Victorian Images of Islam*
4. Berg, Herbert (1999). "Ibn Warraq (ed): The Origins of the Koran: Classic Essays on Islam's Holy Book". *Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies*. **62** (3): 557–558. doi:10.1017/S0041977X00018693. JSTOR 3107591.
5. Tisdall, W.S.C. (1895). The Religion of the Crescent, or Islâm: Its Strength, Its Weakness, Its Origin, Its Influence. Non-Christian Religious Systems (p. 177). London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.
6. "But we learn the same lesson from all such investigations, and that is how completely Muḥammad adapted his pretended revelations to what he believed to be the need of the moment. The same thing is true with regard to what we read in Sûrah Al Aḥzâb regarding the circumstances attending his marriage with Zainab, whom his adopted son Zaid divorced for his sake.... a reference to what the Qur’ân itself (Sûrah XXXIII., 37) says about the matter, coupled with the explanations afforded by the Commentators and the Traditions, will prove that Muḥammad’s own character and disposition have left their mark upon the moral law of Islâm and upon the Qur’ân itself". Tisdall, W.S.C. (1911). The Original Sources of the Qur’ân (pp. 278–79). London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge.


title: Winchester Regional Airport

abstract: Winchester Regional Airport is three miles southeast of Winchester, in Frederick County, Virginia. It was recognized by the state as a licensed commercial airport in 1937 and was Winchester Municipal Airport until 1987. Most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, but this airport is OKV to the FAA and WGO to the IATA.

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# Winchester Regional Airport

**Winchester Regional Airport** (IATA: **WGO**, ICAO: **KOKV**, FAA LID: **OKV**) is three miles southeast of Winchester, in Frederick County, Virginia. It was recognized by the state as a licensed commercial airport in 1937 and was **Winchester Municipal Airport** until 1987.

Most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, but this airport is **OKV** to the FAA and **WGO** to the IATA (which assigned **OKV** to Okao Airport in Papua New Guinea).

## Facilities

Winchester Regional Airport covers 375 acres (152 ha) at an elevation of 726 feet (221 m). Its one runway, 14/32, is 5,500 by 100 feet (1,676 x 30 m); the runway supports instrument landing approaches, with the localizer on the northwest side of the airport.

For the 12 month period ending June 30, 2016, the airport had 44,115 aircraft operations, averaging 121 per day. Of these, 96% (42,250) were general aviation, and 4% (1,865) were air taxi. 99 aircraft were based at the airport at the time: 82 single-engine, 14 multi-engine, 1 jet, 1 helicopter and 1 ultralight.

1. FAA Airport Form 5010 for OKV PDF, effective 2009-05-07.
2. "From a grass runway to a busy modern enterprise" (PDF). The Winchester Star. 2007-12-27.
3. Great Circle Mapper: WGO / KOKV - Winchester, Virginia (Winchester Regional Airport)
4. Aviation Safety Network: OKV - Okao Airport, Papua New Guinea
5. "FAA diagram of the instrument approach".

## InfoBox

| Winchester Regional Airport | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Summary | |
| Airport type | Public |
| Owner | Winchester Regional Airport Authority |
| Serves | Winchester, Virginia |
| Elevation AMSL | 726 ft / 221 m |
| Coordinates | 39°08′38″N 078°08′40″W / 39.14389°N 78.14444°W / 39.14389; -78.14444 |
| Website | flyokv.com |
| Map | |
| KOKVKOKV | |
| Runways | |
| Direction Length Surface  ft m  14/32 5,500 1,676 Asphalt | |
| Statistics (June 30, 2015 - June 30, 2016) | |
| Aircraft operations 44,115  Based aircraft 99 | |
| Source: Federal Aviation Administration | |


title: Wings of Youth (1925 film)

abstract: Wings of Youth is a 1925 American silent drama film directed by Emmett J. Flynn and written by Bernard McConville. The film stars Ethel Clayton, Madge Bellamy, Charles Farrell, Freeman Wood, Robert Cain, and Katherine Perry. The film was released on May 21, 1925, by Fox Film Corporation.

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# Wings of Youth (1925 film)

***Wings of Youth*** is a 1925 American silent drama film directed by Emmett J. Flynn and written by Bernard McConville. The film stars Ethel Clayton, Madge Bellamy, Charles Farrell, Freeman Wood, Robert Cain, and Katherine Perry. The film was released on May 21, 1925, by Fox Film Corporation.

## Plot

As described in a film magazine review, Mrs. Katherine Manners loves her three grown daughters who are in boarding school. When she plans a party for them at home, they phone from the school that they cannot come because they are too busy. But she hears the sounds of a party in the background, so she goes to the school where she finds her daughters with young men. She is told that two of the daughters plan to be married, while the third plans to marry Grantland Dobbs as soon as he gets a divorce, and the mother is frightened by this announcement. She goes abroad and returns with a man, gets an apartment at a wealthy center, and lives with him. Her daughters are shocked when the mother entertains guests at drinking parties. When Mrs. Manners proves to her daughters that their fiancées are not respectable, she reveals to them that she was acting a part just to prove to them that she was right about their chosen mates. She reveals that the man she was living with was her cousin.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Wings of Youth | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Emmett J. Flynn |
| Screenplay by | Bernard McConville |
| Based on | *Sisters of Jezebel*
by Harold P. Montayne |
| Starring | Ethel Clayton
Madge Bellamy
Charles Farrell
Freeman Wood
Robert Cain
Katherine Perry |
| Cinematography | Ernest Palmer |
| Production
company | Fox Film Corporation |
| Distributed by | Fox Film Corporation |
| Release date | * May 21, 1925 (1925-05-21) |
| Running time | 60 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | Silent (English intertitles) |


title: Winifred Lewellin James

abstract: Winifred Lewellin James was an Australian writer. As a novelist, travel writer and journalist, her career began with her first novel published in 1907. During her time in London, she lost her Australian nationality and after a fight extending over many years, regained her nationality in 1935. Her final novel, The Gods Arrive, was published in Melbourne shortly after her death in 1941.

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# Winifred Lewellin James

**Winifred Lewellin James** (20 March 1876  27 April 1941) was an Australian writer. As a novelist, travel writer and journalist, her career began with her first novel published in 1907. During her time in London, she lost her Australian nationality and after a fight extending over many years, regained her nationality in 1935. Her final novel, *The Gods Arrive*, was published in Melbourne shortly after her death in 1941.

## Biography

James was the ninth surviving child of Thomas James, Wesleyan minister from Cornwall, and his wife Gertrude (née Peterson), from Yorkshire, England. She was educated privately at St Kilda.

Born at Prahran, near Melbourne, Victoria, in 1876, she took up journalism in Melbourne, and in 1905, at the age of 29, went to London where her first novel *Bachelor Betty* was published in 1907.

It was followed by *Patricia Baring* in 1908, *Saturday's Children: An Australian Book for Girls* in 1909, and *Letters to my Son*, 1910. This book had extraordinary success and reached an eighteenth edition in less than 10 years. *More Letters to My Son*, *Letters of a Spinster*, and *A Sweeping* came out in 1911. Three travel books followed, *The Mulberry Tree* (1913), *A Woman in the Wilderness* (1915), and *Out of the Shadows* (1924). A novel, *Three Births in the Hemingway Family*, was published in 1929, and in the following year two volumes of essays *London is My Lute* and *A Man for England*, which was also issued with the title *A Man for Empire*.

Another book of travel, *Gangways and Corridors*, appeared in 1936. Miss James married, in 1913, Henry de Jan of Louisiana, U.S.A., and Panama. The marriage was unfortunate and some years later Mrs de Jan divorced her husband. She returned to London and found that she had lost her nationality, and that her status was that of an alien who must report to the police whenever she moved more than five miles from her residence. She eventually refused to report and after a fight extending over many years regained her nationality in 1935. She returned to Australia early in 1940, in ill health, and died in Sydney on 27 April 1941. Another novel, *The Gods Arrive*, was published in Melbourne shortly after her death.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Winifred Lewellin James | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1876-03-20)20 March 1876
Prahran, Victoria |
| Died | 27 April 1941(1941-04-27) (aged 65)
Sydney, New South Wales |
| Occupation | Novelist, travel writer and journalist |
| Nationality | Australian |


title: Winifred Mackenzie

abstract: Winifred Alice Mackenzie was an English statistician, pupil of Arthur Bowley, first winner of the Royal Statistical Society’s Frances Wood Memorial Prize and Ronald Fisher’s first assistant in the Statistics Department at Rothamsted Experimental Station. She was subsequently a missionary in the Belgian Congo.

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# Winifred Mackenzie

**Winifred Alice Mackenzie** (21 November 1896 – 29 November 1954) was an English statistician, pupil of Arthur Bowley, first winner of the Royal Statistical Society’s Frances Wood Memorial Prize and Ronald Fisher’s first assistant in the Statistics Department at Rothamsted Experimental Station. She was subsequently a missionary in the Belgian Congo.

## Early life

Winifred was born in London, the fifth of six girls. Her father, Samuel Henry Mackenzie, had a cutlers and jewellery shop and, before marrying, her mother, Louisa (née Chatterton), had worked in the Civil Service Telegraph Department. Winifred attended the highly regarded North London Collegiate School founded by Frances Buss whose then headmistress was the mathematician Sophie Bryant. The statistician Clara Collet was an earlier student.

In 1916 Winifred went to the London School of Economics (LSE) and studied statistics under the economic statistician Arthur Bowley. In 1921 she published an essay on a favourite Bowley theme, the standard of living of the working classes. For this she was awarded the Frances Wood Memorial Prize. In 1924 she received a Master of Science (Economics) from the LSE.

## Career

### Rothamsted Experimental Station

In 1919 Ronald Fisher joined Rothamsted Experimental Station. He was new to agricultural statistics and devised many new procedures. He recruited Mackenzie as his assistant and in 1922 she contributed to two papers: Fisher and Mackenzie (1922) on the analysis of rainfall correlations using harmonic analysis and Fisher, Thornton and Mackenzie (1922) on the analysis of bacterial counts using the Poisson distribution. Fisher and Mackenzie (1923) with its early presentation of the analysis of variance followed. In these early papers Winifred provided the computing—learning Fisher’s methods by implementing them. By 1924 she was ready to work alone, applying to barley techniques Fisher had devised for wheat. The project was not completed when she left and the work was taken over by Wishart.

### Missionary work in the Congo

In 1927 the statistical career of Winifred Alice Mackenzie ended when she married the missionary Trevor Grahame Rupert Tyrrell (1896–1968). Tyrrell was a descendant of the balloonist Margaret Graham. After war service in the Royal Army Medical Corps, Tyrrell was ordained and went to the Belgian Congo with the Baptist Missionary Society. Winifred joined in this work which was based on the BMS station at Bolobo established forty years earlier by the explorer and missionary George Grenfell. Their work was not wholly religious for the Belgian authorities left medicine and education and even the administration of justice to the missions. Winifred learned the local tribal tongues and worked on educating the women and girls—even setting up Girl Guides units on the English model.

## Personal life

Winifred and Trevor had five children, Michael, Donald, Ursula, Alan and Phyllis between 1928 and 1937, two born in the Congo and three in England. The BMS scheme for family life was for the parents to stay on station while the children went to boarding school in England but, with the approach of the Second World War, Winifred and Trevor decided that she and the children should settle in England. Trevor stayed in the Congo until 1952 moving to a ministry in Ludlow, Shropshire. Winifred died in 1954, having been ill for several years.

## Publications

* Mackenzie, W. A. (1921) Changes in the Standard of Living in the United Kingdom, 1860–1914, Economica, No. 3 (Oct.), 211–230.

* Fisher, R. A. and W. A. Mackenzie (1922) The Correlation of Weekly Rainfall. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 48, (July), 234–242.

* Fisher, R. A., H. G. Thornton and W. A. Mackenzie (1922) The Accuracy of the Plating Method of Estimating the Density of Bacterial Populations, Annals of Applied Biology, 9, 325–359.

* Fisher, R. A. and W. A. Mackenzie (1923) Studies in Crop Variation. II. The Manurial Response of Different Potato Varieties, Journal of Agricultural Science, 13, (3), 311–320.

* Mackenzie, W. A. (1924) Studies in Crop Variation. III. An Examination of the Yield of Dressed Grain from Hoos Field, Journal of Agricultural Science, 14, (3), 434–460.

* Mackenzie, W. A. (1926) Note on a Remarkable Correlation between Grain and Straw, obtained at Rothamsted, Journal of Agricultural Science, 16, (2), 275–279.

* Wishart, J. and W. A. Mackenzie (1930) Studies in Crop Variation VII. The Influence of Rainfall on the Yield of Barley at Rothamsted Journal of Agricultural Science, 20, (3), 417–439.


abstract: William of Saint Omer was a French knight, descended from a Fauquembergues family who were castellans of the eponymous castle of Saint-Omer. His father, Nicholas I of Saint Omer, received lands in Boeotia in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade. He later married Margaret of Hungary, the widow of Boniface of Montferrat, Lord of Thessalonica. It is unclear when the marriage took place: traditional accounts mention that Nicholas died already in 1212 or 1214, but F. Van Tricht dates the marriage to after 1217. William was the younger son of the couple, he had an elder brother Bela of Saint Omer. While Bela received one half of Thebes as dowry from his marriage, William and his mother moved to the Kingdom of Hungary, where Béla IV was the King, also a grandson of Béla III, like William. Following his mother's death sometime after 1223, William inherited her estates in Syrmia and Macsó. He participated in the Battle of Mohi, following this he belonged to the companion of Béla IV who had fled to Dalmatia, escaping before the Mongols. William was ispán of Kraszna County in 1241. From 1241 until his death, he served as Master of the Horse. Béla IV betrothed William to his second eldest daughter Margaret, however both persons died by 1242. According to his epitaph at the Cathedral of Saint Domnius, William died in April 1242 in Trogir, where the royal family resided until the Mongol occupation.

text:
# William of Saint-Omer (son of Nicholas I)

**William of Saint Omer** was a French knight, descended from a Fauquembergues family who were castellans of the eponymous castle of Saint-Omer.

His father, Nicholas I of Saint Omer, received lands in Boeotia in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade. He later married Margaret of Hungary, the widow of Boniface of Montferrat, Lord of Thessalonica (died 1207). It is unclear when the marriage took place: traditional accounts mention that Nicholas died already in 1212 or 1214, but F. Van Tricht dates the marriage to after 1217.

William was the younger son of the couple, he had an elder brother Bela of Saint Omer. While Bela received one half of Thebes as dowry from his marriage, William and his mother moved to the Kingdom of Hungary, where Béla IV was the King, also a grandson of Béla III, like William. Following his mother's death sometime after 1223, William inherited her estates in Syrmia and Macsó. He participated in the Battle of Mohi, following this he belonged to the companion of Béla IV who had fled to Dalmatia, escaping before the Mongols. William was *ispán* of Kraszna County in 1241. From 1241 until his death, he served as Master of the Horse.

Béla IV betrothed William to his second eldest daughter Margaret (not to be confused with Saint Margaret of Hungary), however both persons died by 1242. According to his epitaph at the Cathedral of Saint Domnius, William died in April 1242 in Trogir, where the royal family resided until the Mongol occupation.

## Sources

* Bon, Antoine (1969). *La Morée franque. Recherches historiques, topographiques et archéologiques sur la principauté d'Achaïe* \[*The Frankish Morea. Historical, Topographic and Archaeological Studies on the Principality of Achaea*\] (in French). Paris: De Boccard. OCLC 869621129.
* Longnon, Jean (1969) \[1962\]. "The Frankish States in Greece, 1204–1311". In Setton, Kenneth M.; Wolff, Robert Lee; Hazard, Harry W. (eds.). *A History of the Crusades, Volume II: The Later Crusades, 1189–1311* (Second ed.). Madison, Milwaukee, and London: University of Wisconsin Press. pp. 234–275. ISBN 0-299-04844-6.
* Perra, Foteini (2011). Οικογένεια Σεντ Ομέρ. *Encyclopedia of the Hellenic World, Boeotia* (in Greek). Foundation of the Hellenic World.
* Van Tricht, Filip (2011). *The Latin* Renovatio *of Byzantium: The Empire of Constantinople (1204–1228)*. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-90-04-20323-5.
* Zsoldos, Attila (2011). *Magyarország világi archontológiája, 1000–1301* \[Secular Archontology of Hungary, 1000–1301\] (in Hungarian). História, MTA Történettudományi Intézete. ISBN 978-963-9627-38-3.


title: William of Saint-Amour

abstract: William of Saint-Amour was an early figure in thirteenth-century scholasticism, chiefly notable for his withering attacks on the friars.

text:
# William of Saint-Amour

**William of Saint-Amour** was an early figure in thirteenth-century scholasticism, chiefly notable for his withering attacks on the friars.

## Biography

William was born in Saint-Amour, Jura, then part of the Duchy of Burgundy, in c. 1200. Under the patronage of the Count of Savoy, he was active at the University of Paris from the 1220s, becoming master of arts in 1228. From a reference in a letter by Gregory IX, it is evident that he had become a doctor of Canon law by 1238. By 1250, he had been made master of theology.

The controversy on which his fame rests began in earnest in the 1250s. The gradual encroachment of the newly formed mendicant orders into the university was the immediate cause of this. The secular clergy had previously enjoyed unrivalled teaching privileges at Paris, but the friars presented a serious challenge to their monopoly, gaining a number of prominent lecturing posts: the career of Bonaventure is indicative of the friars' rising stature in academia. The seculars bitterly resented this incursion, and engaged in a prolonged conflict with the friars. According to Matthew Paris' *Chronica Majora*, this controversy brought the university to a point of near-collapse, 'exposed to danger, owing to the suspension of its lectures and disputations, and the dispersion of many of its scholars...owing to the insults and reproaches of the Preachers and Minors'. Particularly offensive was the friars' desire to increase the number of teaching positions, entirely against established custom. At length the dispute was brought before the papal curia. William had emerged as the mouthpiece of the secular party, and in 1254 he and five other masters directly petitioned Innocent IV. The pope proved sympathetic to their concerns: Innocent duly limited many of the friars' powers, and reduced the number of chairs they could legitimately occupy at the university. This victory, however, was short-lived. Innocent died in the December of the same year, and was replaced by Alexander IV. Alexander was cardinal protector of the Franciscans and therefore unlikely to side with the seculars: he promptly overturned the restrictions imposed by his predecessor, allowing the friars to be readmitted to Paris.

Hostilities resumed immediately, and William began to produce some of his most sustained and vitriolic sermons and treatises. As might be expected, his campaign against the regulars was not tolerated for long. In 1255 Pope Alexander ordered an inquiry into William's orthodoxy, resulting in his suspension from all teaching and administrative duties. In 1256 William produced *De periculis novissimorum temporum* ("On the Dangers of the Final Days," or "Of the Perils of the Most Recent/Modern Times"), a vicious tirade against the friars, and the culmination of his antifraternal thought. This ridiculed the more extreme eschatological speculations of some friars (e.g., Gerard da Burgo Santo Donnino, author of the *Introductorius ad Evangelium Aeternum*), who alleged that the fraternal orders would usher in the third and final age of the world, a glorious era of the Holy Spirit. *De Periculis* implied that the friars would indeed be instrumental in precipitating the end of the world, but only because they would facilitate the coming of the Antichrist. The treatise attracted written opposition from Thomas Aquinas and Albertus Magnus, both Dominican friars, and was examined by a curial committee. Thomas Aquinas wrote Contra Impugnantes to rebut William's charges. In 1257 Alexander ordered William's treatise to be burned: he also excommunicated William, and exiled him from France. Upon Alexander's death in 1266, William returned to Paris, although does not appear to have been reinstated at the university. He died at Burgundy in September 1272.

## Works

### *De periculis novissimorum temporum*

William's major work had an influence far beyond the compass of his own lifetime. It became the fountainhead of a long polemical tradition. Its most important section consists of thirty-nine 'signa' (or forty-one, in some versions) by which 'false Apostles' may be known. Although it is never openly stated, these 'signs' describe the behaviour of friars. The signs are, in order:

William decorates these imputations with various allusions to the Benedictine Rule, the Pauline epistles and Acts of the Apostles. The friars are variously likened to ravening wolves (*lupi graves*), stealers into people's homes (*penetrantes domos*), idlers and meddlers (*otiosos et curiosos*), aimless wanderers (*gyrovaguos*) and, most recurrently, false preachers (*pseudo-praedicatores*).

In Penn Szittya's phrase, this set of accusations and themes formed an enduring 'symbolic language', one that persisted among the friars' opponents for the next three centuries. In France, William's attacks were reiterated in the Parisian disputes of 1354, when two prominent bishops delivered diatribes against the friars; they also directly stimulated the satires of Rutebeuf and Jean de Meun. In Ireland, his arguments formed the backbone of Richard Fitzralph's *Defensio Curatorum*, a much-copied and widely circulated sermon of 1350. In Scotland, Dunbar and Robert Henryson drew on William's motifs; in Germany, the Lutheran pamphleteers Johann Eberlin von Gunzburg and Heinrich Spelt made much use of his ideas. William's work proved especially influential in England, where one of his earliest supporters, a Master Laurence, appears to have been active. The work of Langland, John Gower and Chaucer directly echoes *De Periculis*, while its key ideas were assimilated into Lollard ideology from Wyclif onwards (see especially Pierce the Ploughman's Crede). William's ideas even re-emerge in the Protestant writings of William Tyndale, John Bale and John Foxe, whose *Actes and Monuments* quotes *De Periculis* in its entirety. Although his own struggle against the friars ended in abject failure, William's legacy was thus extremely far-reaching. He powerfully stigmatised one of the dominant factions in the late medieval church, providing generations of critics with an arsenal of ready-made indictments.

For a Latin edition and English translation of *De Periculis*, see: William of Saint-Amour, *De periculis novissimorum temporum*. Edition, Translation, and Introduction by G. Geltner, Dallas Medieval Texts and Translations 8 (Louvain and Paris: Peeters, 2008). ISBN 978-90-429-2010-1

Jon Robinson of the University of Toronto has made available informal translations of the *De Periculis* (not based on the translation), two disputed questions, and one sermon, all on his *personal web site*.

Critical editions of his three extant sermons and his response to Bonaventure's disputed question *De mendicitate* may be found in Andrew G. Traver, *The Opuscula of William of Saint-Amour: The Minor Works of 1255-1256* (Munster: Aschendorff Verlag, 2003) ISBN 3-402-04014-X

Critical editions of his two disputed questions may be found in Andrew G. Traver, 'William of Saint-Amour's Two Disputed Questions *De quantitate eleemosynae* and *De valido mendicante*,' *Archives d’histoire doctrinale et littéraire du moyen âge* 62 (1995): 295-342.


title: Windsor (village), New York

abstract: Windsor is a village in Broome County, New York, United States. The population was 916 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located near the middle of the town Windsor, and is the principal settlement in that town. The village is east of Binghamton.

text:
# Windsor (village), New York

**Windsor** is a village in Broome County, New York, United States. The population was 916 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Binghamton Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located near the middle of the town Windsor, and is the principal settlement in that town. The village is east of Binghamton.

## History

Windsor is the site of the historic Seneca village of Onaquaga, which was one of 40 destroyed by the Continental Army in October 1778 during Sullivan's Expedition.

In 1830, the new village was founded as a commercial settlement, and it soon outstripped its rival to the north, Ouaquaga. The village was incorporated in 1896.

The Windsor Village Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. The Jedediah Hotchkiss House was listed in 1982.

## Geography

According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 1.2 square miles (3 km2), of which 1.1 square miles (2.8 km2) is land and 0.077 square miles (.2 km2), or 6.15%, is water.

Windsor is on the west bank of the Susquehanna River and is located along the conjoined Interstate 86 and New York State Route 17 at the junction of New York State Route 79.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1890 | 524 |  |  |
| 1900 | 739 |  | 41.0% |
| 1910 | 637 |  | −13.8% |
| 1920 | 598 |  | −6.1% |
| 1930 | 661 |  | 10.5% |
| 1940 | 766 |  | 15.9% |
| 1950 | 822 |  | 7.3% |
| 1960 | 1,026 |  | 24.8% |
| 1970 | 1,098 |  | 7.0% |
| 1980 | 1,155 |  | 5.2% |
| 1990 | 1,051 |  | −9.0% |
| 2000 | 901 |  | −14.3% |
| 2010 | 916 |  | 1.7% |
| 2020 | 907 |  | −1.0% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

As of the census of 2000, there were 901 people, 369 households, and 250 families residing in the village. The population density was 833.6 inhabitants per square mile (321.9/km2). There were 422 housing units at an average density of 390.4 per square mile (150.7/km2). The racial makeup of the village was 95.78% White, 1.22% Black or African American, 0.89% Native American, 0.55% Asian, 0.33% from other races, and 1.22% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.55% of the population.

There were 369 households, out of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.7% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.0% were non-families. 29.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 3.01.

In the village, the population was spread out, with 27.7% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 27.9% from 25 to 44, 21.3% from 45 to 64, and 16.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.4 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $37,500, and the median income for a family was $46,563. Males had a median income of $35,000 versus $21,298 for females. The per capita income for the village was $18,168. About 8.4% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.7% of those under age 18 and 4.3% of those age 65 or over.

## Notable residents

## InfoBox

| Windsor, New York | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Incorporated Village of Windsor | |
| Map highlighting Windsor's location within Broome County. | |
| WindsorLocation within the state of New York | |
| Coordinates: 42°4′30″N 75°38′21″W / 42.07500°N 75.63917°W / 42.07500; -75.63917 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New York |
| County | Broome |
| Town | Windsor |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.17 sq mi (3.02 km2) |
| Land | 1.10 sq mi (2.85 km2) |
| Water | 0.07 sq mi (0.17 km2) |
| Elevation | 951 ft (290 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 907 |
| Density | 825.30/sq mi (318.53/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 13865 |
| Area code | 607 |
| FIPS code | 36-82524 |
| GNIS feature ID | 0971474 |
| Website | www.villageofwindsor.org |


title: Windsor (Vermont Senate district)

abstract: The Windsor district is one of 16 districts of the Vermont Senate. The current district plan is included in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2020 U.S. census, which applies to legislatures elected in 2022, 2024, 2026, 2028, and 2030.The Windsor district includes all of Windsor County, along with some parts of others. As of the 2010 census, the state as a whole had a population of 625,741. As there are a total of 30 senators, there were 20,858 residents per senator. As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 30 Senators, there were 20,294 residents per senator. The Windsor district had a population of 57,418 in that same census. The district is apportioned three senators. This equals 19,139 residents per senator, 5.69% below the state average.

text:
# Windsor (Vermont Senate district)

The **Windsor district** is one of 16 districts of the Vermont Senate. The current district plan is included in the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2020 U.S. census, which applies to legislatures elected in 2022, 2024, 2026, 2028, and 2030.The Windsor district includes all of Windsor County, along with some parts of others.

As of the 2010 census, the state as a whole had a population of 625,741. As there are a total of 30 senators, there were 20,858 residents per senator.

As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 30 Senators, there were 20,294 residents per senator. The Windsor district had a population of 57,418 in that same census. The district is apportioned three senators. This equals 19,139 residents per senator, 5.69% below the state average.

## District senators

As of 2016:

*2005-2006*

*2007-2016*

*As of 2017*

## Towns and cities in the Windsor district, 2002–2012 elections

### Windsor County


title: Winthrop Welles Ketcham

abstract: Winthrop Welles Ketcham was a United States representative from Pennsylvania and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania.

text:
# Winthrop Welles Ketcham

**Winthrop Welles Ketcham** (sometimes spelled **Ketchum**, June 29, 1820 – December 6, 1879) was a United States representative from Pennsylvania and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania.

## Education and career

Born on June 29, 1820, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, Ketcham pursued classical studies. He was an instructor at Wyoming Seminary in Kingston, Pennsylvania from 1844 to 1847, and at Girard College in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1848 and 1849. He read law in the offices of Lazarus Denison Shoemaker and Charles Denison and was admitted to the bar January 8, 1850. He entered private practice in Wilkes-Barre from 1850 to 1855. Ketcham became a Republican when that party was first organized in 1854, having been a Whig prior to that time. He was prothonotary for Luzerne County, Pennsylvania from 1855 to 1858. He was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1858. He was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate for the 10th district from 1859 to 1861. He was a delegate to the 1860 and 1864 Republican National Conventions. He resumed private practice in Wilkes-Barre from 1861 to 1863. He was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1864 to the 39th United States Congress. He was solicitor for the Court of Claims from 1864 to 1866. He again resumed private practice in Wilkes-Barre from 1867 to 1873. In 1868, he was a presidential elector from Pennsylvania, and cast his vote for Ulysses S. Grant. In 1866, 1869, and 1872, he received votes in the Republican state conventions for the office of Governor of Pennsylvania.

## Congressional service

Ketcham was elected as a Republican from Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district to the United States House of Representatives of the 44th United States Congress and served from March 4, 1875, until July 19, 1876, when he resigned to accept a federal judicial appointment.

## Federal judicial service

Ketcham was nominated by President Ulysses S. Grant on June 7, 1876, to a seat on the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania vacated by Judge Wilson McCandless. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on June 26, 1876, and received his commission the same day. His service terminated on December 6, 1879, due to his death in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He was interred in Hollenback Cemetery in Wilkes-Barre.

## Family

Ketcham's father, Lewis N. Ketcham, was a painter and cabinet-maker. At an early age Ketcham assisted his father in painting buildings in the city and lock-houses along the canal. In 1846, he married Sarah Urquhart, with whom he had a daughter, Ella, and a son, J. Marshall.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Winthrop Welles Ketcham | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania | |
| **In office**
June 26, 1876  December 6, 1879 | |
| Appointed by | Ulysses S. Grant |
| Preceded by | Wilson McCandless |
| Succeeded by | Marcus W. Acheson |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Pennsylvania's 12th district | |
| **In office**
March 4, 1875  July 19, 1876 | |
| Preceded by | Lazarus Denison Shoemaker |
| Succeeded by | William Henry Stanton |
| Member of the Pennsylvania Senate for the 10th district | |
| **In office**
1859–1862 | |
| Preceded by | James H. Walton |
| Succeeded by | Howkin B. Beardslee |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Winthrop Welles Ketcham
(1820-06-29)June 29, 1820
Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, US |
| Died | December 6, 1879(1879-12-06) (aged 59)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US |
| Resting place | Hollenback Cemetery, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania |
| Political party | Whig (until 1854)
Republican (from 1854) |
| Education | read law |
|  | |


title: Winthrow-Melhase Block

abstract: Winthrow-Melhase Block, also known as Stevens Hotel, was built in 1906 in Klamath Falls, Oregon. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The building was severely damaged by the 1993 Klamath Falls earthquakes, and was subsequently demolished.

text:
# Winthrow-Melhase Block

**Winthrow-Melhase Block**, also known as **Stevens Hotel**, was built in 1906 in Klamath Falls, Oregon. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982. The building was severely damaged by the 1993 Klamath Falls earthquakes, and was subsequently demolished.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Winthrow-Melhase Block | |
| Formerly listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 4th and Main streets, Klamath Falls, Oregon |
| Coordinates | 42°13′26″N 121°46′59″W / 42.22389°N 121.78306°W / 42.22389; -121.78306 |
| Built | 1906 |
| Architect | George W. Brooks |
| Architectural style | Italianate |
| NRHP reference No. | 82003730 |
| Significant dates | |
| Added to NRHP | June 14, 1982 |
| Removed from NRHP | December 28, 1994 |


title: Wingecarribee River

abstract: The Wingecarribee River, a perennial river that is part of the Hawkesbury–Nepean catchment, is located in the Southern Highlands region of New South Wales, Australia.

text:
# Wingecarribee River

The **Wingecarribee River** (Aboriginal Dharawal: *Winge Karrabee*), a perennial river that is part of the HawkesburyNepean catchment, is located in the Southern Highlands region of New South Wales, Australia.

## Course and features

Wingecarribee River rises on the heights at Robertson below Wingecarribee Reservoir, near the village of Glenquarry, and flows generally northwest, joined by two minor tributaries and through the Belanglo State Forest and Bangadilly National Park, before reaching its confluence with the Wollondilly River north of the locality of Tugalong, northwest of Berrima. The river descends 393 metres (1,289 ft) over its 73-kilometre (45 mi) course.

In its upper reaches, the feeder creeks of the Wingecarribee form the Wingecarribee Swamp, the only substantial peat bog in New South Wales. Most of the swamp has been drained and the remaining section of the swamp is the habitat of a number of endangered species. The river runs through a valley on the plateau that is home to a popular camp, Biloela.

The Moss Vale Road crosses the river at Bong Bong, between Bowral and Moss Vale. At Berrima, the river is crossed by the Hume Freeway.

The Shoalhaven Scheme pumps water from the Shoalhaven River into the Wingecarribee Reservoir and this water supply augments the water supply for greater metropolitan Sydney.

34°23′S 150°07′E / 34.383°S 150.117°E / -34.383; 150.117

## InfoBox

| Wingecarribee | |
| --- | --- |
| The brown on the left is Wingecarribee Swamp with Fitzroy Falls Reservoir on the right. | |
| Etymology | Aboriginal (Dharawal): *Winge Karrabee* meaning "a flight of birds" and "waters to rest beside" |
| Native name | *Winge Karrabee* (Dharawal) |
| Location | |
| Country | Australia |
| State | New South Wales |
| Region | Sydney Basin (IBRA), Southern Highlands |
| Local government areas | Wingecarribee, Wollondilly |
| Town | Berrima |
| Physical characteristics | |
|  | |
| Source | Wingecarribee Reservoir |
| location | Glenquarry |
| coordinates | 34°34′35″S 150°32′35″E / 34.576276°S 150.542985°E / -34.576276; 150.542985 |
| elevation | 674 m (2,211 ft) |
|  | |
| Mouth | confluence with the Wollondilly River |
| location | Tugalong, northwest of Berrima |
| coordinates | 34°22′36″S 150°07′22″E / 34.376703°S 150.122820°E / -34.376703; 150.122820 |
| elevation | 280 m (920 ft) |
| Length | 73 km (45 mi) |
| Basin features | |
| River system | Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment |
| Tributaries |  |
| right | Joadja Creek, Deep Creek (Wingecarribee) |
| National park | Bangadilly National Park |
|  | |


title: Winger Live

abstract: Winger Live is a two CD and DVD live set culled from Winger 2007 US reunion tour and directed by Jack Edward Sawyers. Kip Winger, Reb Beach, Rod Morgenstein and John Roth rip through all the hits, progressive jams and new material taken from their comeback album IV. Keyboardist Cenk Eroglu was not present for this show, despite his appearance on IV. The concert was recorded live straight through with no interruptions at the Galaxy Concert Theater in Santa Ana, California. The cover consists of a checkerboard-style grid of live still frames pulled from the video footage itself.

text:
# Winger Live

| Live | |
| --- | --- |
| Video by Winger | |
| Released | November 27, 2007 |
| Length | 96:56 |
| Label | Frontiers |
| Director | Jack Edward Sawyers |
| Producer | Kip Winger |
| Winger chronology | |
| *The Making of Winger IV*
(2006) ***Live***
(2007) | |

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***Winger Live*** is a two CD and DVD live set culled from Winger 2007 US reunion tour and directed by Jack Edward Sawyers. Kip Winger, Reb Beach, Rod Morgenstein and John Roth rip through all the hits, progressive jams and new material taken from their comeback album *IV*. Keyboardist Cenk Eroglu was not present for this show, despite his appearance on *IV*. The concert was recorded live straight through with no interruptions at the Galaxy Concert Theater in Santa Ana, California. The cover consists of a checkerboard-style grid of live still frames pulled from the video footage itself.

## Track list

### CD 1

1. "Blind Revolution Mad" - 4:01
2. "Loosen Up" - 3:42
3. "Easy Come Easy Go" - 3:42
4. "Your Great Escape" - 4:02
5. "Down Incognito" - 5:19
6. "Rainbow in the Rose" - 5:29
7. "Generica" - 7:58
8. "Junk Yard Dog" - 4:11

### CD 2

1. "Right Up Ahead" - 4:56
2. "Reb's Guitar Solo" - 4:13
3. "You Are the Saint, I Am the Sinner" - 5:08
4. "Rod's Drum Solo" - 6:56
5. "Headed for a Heartbreak" - 6:22
6. "Can't Get Enuff" - 4:33
7. "Seventeen" - 7:34
8. "Who's the One" - 5:19
9. "Miles Away" - 4:33
10. "Hungry" (DVD edition only)
11. "Madalaine" - 5:32
12. "Blue Suede Shoes" - 3:26 (CD version only)

## InfoBox

| Live | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by Winger | |
| Released | November 27, 2007 |
| Recorded | Live in USA |
| Label | Frontiers |
| Producer | Kip Winger |
| Winger chronology | |
| *Demo Anthology*
(2007) ***Live***
(2007) *Karma*
(2009) | |


title: XXL (Keith Anderson song)

abstract: "XXL" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Keith Anderson. It was released in July 2005 as the second single from the album Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll. The song reached #23 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart. The song was written by Anderson and Bob DiPiero.

text:
# XXL (Keith Anderson song)

"**XXL**" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Keith Anderson. It was released in July 2005 as the second single from the album *Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll*. The song reached #23 on the *Billboard* Hot Country Songs chart. The song was written by Anderson and Bob DiPiero.

## Music video

A video for the song was made and features a cameo from Mötley Crüe drummer Tommy Lee, along with former NFL running back Eddie George.

## Chart performance

| Chart (2005) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles (*Billboard*) | 22 |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 23 |

## InfoBox

| "XXL" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Keith Anderson | |
| from the album  *Three Chord Country and American Rock & Roll* | |
| Released | July 30, 2005 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 3:44 |
| Label | Arista Nashville |
| Songwriter(s) | Bob DiPiero
Keith Anderson |
| Producer(s) | Jeffrey Steele |
| Keith Anderson singles chronology | |
| "Pickin' Wildflowers"
(2005) "**XXL**"
(2005) "Every Time I Hear Your Name"
(2006) | |


title: Nee Unnai Arindhaal

abstract: Nee Unnai Arindhaal is a 2009 Tamil language drama film directed by V. Rishiraj and Indian Bhaskar. The film stars Murali, V. Rishiraj, and newcomer Kushi, while Risha, T. K. Kala, Dhadha Muthukumar, Indian Bhaskar, and T. Harikrishnan playing supporting roles. The film, produced by Z. T. Choudhary, was released on 3 July 2009.

text:
# Nee Unnai Arindhaal

***Nee Unnai Arindhaal*** (transl.If you know yourself) is a 2009 Tamil language drama film directed by V. Rishiraj and Indian Bhaskar. The film stars Murali, V. Rishiraj, and newcomer Kushi, while Risha, T. K. Kala, Dhadha Muthukumar, Indian Bhaskar, and T. Harikrishnan playing supporting roles. The film, produced by Z. T. Choudhary, was released on 3 July 2009.

## Plot

Sadai (V. Rishiraj) is an orphan who was adopted by Gopal's (Murali) mother (T. K. Kala) when he was a child, and she considers Sadai as her own son. Gopal and Sadai become best friends and work as rickshaw pullers. They live in a slum with Gopi's mother, who runs a roadside dosa business where the poor people can eat there for cheap. Although the two friends are both kind-hearted, Gopal is a soft person without any bad habits, whereas Sadai is a big brute who loves drinking alcohol and sleeping with prostitutes. Gopal has a cousin named Valli (Kushi), and they are in love with each other. They eventually get married, and Valli moves in Gopal's small house; thus, Gopal's mother and Sadai have to sleep in front of the house.

Gopal and his mother do not want to see Sadai being alone, so they decide to find him a wife. One day, they force Sadai to see a woman, who they choose for him to be married to, but the woman insults Sadai for being an ugly man and alcoholic. Gopal and his wife Valli reassure Sadai and swear to find him a better woman. Shortly after, Gopal's mother dies of a heart attack. Things get sticky when Valli gets pregnant as she finds that Sadai is having a bad influence on her husband. Valli complains to Gopal about Sadai's bad habits and tells him to stop hanging out with him, but Gopal refuses to follow his wife's instruction and tells her that his friend is more important than anything else.

Sadai wants to sleep with the beautiful prostitute Dashani (Risha), but he does not have enough money to pay her. Later, Gopal gives him his wife's ornaments to repair his rickshaw. Sadai then trades the jewels for money, but instead of repairing his vehicle, he pays Dashani to sleep with him. The big Sadai starts to hurt the little Dashani; thus, she refused to sleep with him, and she threw his money in his face. The heavily intoxicated Sadai then goes to Gopal's house, and Valli reluctantly welcomes him. Sadai assaults and brutally rapes Valli. She dies after the assault, and Sadai leaves the house. Gopal returns home after a hard day's work and discovers his wife's dead body. Gopal thought that she had committed suicide because he refused to follow her advice.

After the funeral, a neighbor reveals to Gopal that Sadai killed his wife, but Gopal refuses to believe him at first. One night, the neighbor curses Sadai for killing Valli. Sadai then kills him for being the only witness of the murder. The next day, the neighbor's dead body was found under a bridge. Gopal has had a suspicion that Sadai might have murdered his wife, so he decides to unearth his wife's corpse, and he finds Sadai's hair there. He is therefore heartbroken and mad with rage all at the same time. Later that night, Gopal finds an intoxicated Sadai in a chemical warehouse. Gopal beats Sadai up, disposes his body in a gallon barrel, and dissolves his body with nitric acid.

## Cast

* Murali as Gopal
* V. Rishiraj as Sadai
* Kushi as Valli
* Risha as Dashani
* T. K. Kala as Gopal's mother
* Dhadha Muthukumar as Muthu, Valli's father
* Indian Bhaskar
* T. Harikrishnan
* Laila
* Chithra
* Rail Ravi
* Sirkazhi M. Siva
* Central Karuna
* MGR Nagar Elango
* Minor
* Thangaraj
* Raja
* Murugan
* Parthiban
* Master Sabari Priyan as Young Gopal
* Master Nirmal as Young Sadai

## Production

Murali signed to play the role of a rickshaw puller. Newcomer Kushi was chosen to play the female lead role, with V. Rishiraj, T. K. Kala, Dhadha Muthukumar, and T. Harikrishnan playing supporting roles. R. K. Sundar has scored the music for the lyrics jotted down by Indian Bhaskar. V. Rishiraj and Indian Bhaskar had written the story, screenplay and dialogues, and the latter is taking care of the stunts. Z. T. Choudhary produced the film under the banner 24 Frames Productions.

## Soundtrack

| Nee Unnai Arindhaal | |
| --- | --- |
| Soundtrack album by R. K. Sundar | |
| Released | 2009 |
| Recorded | 2009 |
| Genre | Feature film soundtrack |
| Length | 25:34 |
| Producer | R. K. Sundar |

The film score and the soundtrack were composed by R. K. Sundar. The soundtrack, released in 2009, features 6 tracks with lyrics written by Indian Bhaskar. Actor Narain and director Rama Narayanan attended the audio launch.

| Track | Song | Singer(s) | Duration |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Vanthavarai Vaalavaikum" | Chandrakanth | 4:21 |
| 2 | "Daakku Daakku" | Indian Bhaskar | 4:42 |
| 3 | "Sonthama Jolikkiraal" | S. S. Kennedy, Sabeetha | 4:07 |
| 4 | "Otha Otha" | Rave Ravi, V. Rishiraj, Sathish | 4:51 |
| 5 | "Vaama Ponnu" | Krishnaraj | 3:36 |
| 6 | "Antha Naal" | Indian Bhaskar | 3:57 |

## Release and reception

The film had a low-key theatrical release across Tamil Nadu in July 2009. A reviewer from *Dinamalar* said, "Murali's underplayed performance in the title role is far better than V. Rishiraj over-the-top's acting" and added that the rest of the cast were apt but criticized the film's screenplay and presentation.

## InfoBox

| Nee Unnai Arindhaal | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | V. Rishiraj
Indian Bhaskar |
| Written by | V. Rishiraj
Indian Bhaskar |
| Produced by | Z. T. Choudhary |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Sai Natraj |
| Edited by | Shankarji |
| Music by | R. K. Sundar |
| Production
company | 24 Frames Productions |
| Release date | * 3 July 2009 (2009-07-03) |
| Running time | 130 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Tamil |