title: Wesley Singerman

abstract: Wesley Steven Singerman is an American guitarist, record producer, songwriter and retired child actor and voice actor.

text:
# Wesley Singerman

**Wesley Steven Singerman** (born August 23, 1990) is an American guitarist, record producer, songwriter and retired child actor and voice actor.

## Early life

Singerman was born in Tarzana, California on August 23, 1990. He graduated from Calabasas High School in 2008.

## Career

### Acting

He became the voice of Charlie Brown in 2002, starting with the special *A Charlie Brown Valentine*. One reviewer opined Singerman was faithful to the "everlasting haplessness" of Charlie Brown. He continued playing the character in *Charlie Brown's Christmas Tales* (2002) and *Lucy Must Be Traded, Charlie Brown* (2003).

Singerman is most recognized for his role in the 2007 Walt Disney Animation Studios' film *Meet the Robinsons* as Wilbur Robinson, a time traveler. After *Meet the Robinsons*, Singerman announced that he was retiring from his voice acting career to focus on music. Singerman has announced that at some point, he will return to his voice acting career.

### Music

As a record producer, songwriter and guitar player, Singerman has worked on releases by Ty Dolla $ign, Rich Brian, and others. Alongside Rogét Chahayed, Singerman contributed two songs on Kendrick Lamar's album *To Pimp a Butterfly* (2015). He served as guitarist on DRAM's debut album *Big Baby DRAM* (2016). In 2021, he co-wrote the song "Fire in the Sky" for the soundtrack of *Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings*.

## Discography

| Year | Artist | Album | Title | Songwriter | Producer |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2015 | Kendrick Lamar | To Pimp A Butterfly |  |  |  |
| 2016 | Ava Lily | *Painkiller* | Painkiller |  |  |
| 2018 | Rich Brian | *Amen* | Flight |  |  |
| 2019 | Jai Wolf | *The Cure to Loneliness* | Your Day
ft. Day Wave |  |  |
| | Drax Project | *Drax Project* | All This Time |  |  |
| | Kyle Dion | *Suga (Deluxe Edition)* | Play Too Much
ft. UMI & Duckwrth |  |  |
| | NIKI | *Head in the Clouds II* | Indigo |  |  |
| 2020 | Stephanie Poetri | *Straight To You* | Straight To You |  |  |
| | Party Favor | *ACTUP* | ACTUP
ft. JAHMED |  |  |
| 2021 | Wafia | *Wide Open* | Wide Open
with Ta-ku and Masego |  |  |
| | RAY BLK | *Access Denied* | 25 |  |  |
| | 21 Savage & Rich Brian
with Warren Hue and MaSiWei
---------------
Anderson .Paak | *Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (soundtrack)* | Lazy Susan |  |  |
| | | Fire in the Sky |  |  |
| | Olivia O'Brien | *Better Than Feeling Lonely* | Better Than Feeling Lonely |  |  |
| 2022 | Jackson Wang | *Lost & Found* | The Moment |  |  |
| | Poppy Ajudha | *THE POWER IN US* | Holiday From Reality |  |  |
| | Party Favor | *Whenever You're Around* | Whenever You're Around |  |  |
| | Felivand | *Butterfly Wings* | Butterfly Wings |  |  |
| | Leon Fanourakis | *MUSA* | RELAX
feat. WLYWNKA |  |  |
| | Party Favor | *I See You*
with Marc E. Bassy | I See You
with Marc E. Bassy |  |  |
| | Kehlani | *Blue Water Road* | Shooter Interlude |  |  |
| | | Little Story |  |  |
| | Princess Nokia | *Diva* | Diva |  |  |
| | Joji | *Smithereens* | Die for You |  |  |
| 2023 | The Rampage | *ROUND & ROUND* | Change My Life |  |  |
| | Jarina de Marco | *Caribbean All-Inclusive Luxury* | Masa
feat. Calacote and mediopicky |  |  |
| | Dawn Richard | *The Architect'* | Bubblegum |  |  |
| | Noname | *Sundial* | Potentially the Interlude |  |  |
| | Jon Batiste | *World Music Radio* | Hello Billy Bob |  |  |
| | | CALL NOW (504-305-8329) |  |  |
| | | Running Away
featuring Leigh-Anne |  |  |
| | Jai Wolf | *Don't Look Down*
featuring Banks | Don't Look Down
featuring Banks |  |  |
| 2024 | Jennifer Lopez | *This Is Me... Now* | Butterfly |  |  |
| | 1999 WRITE THE FUTURE | *hella* | avocado shake |  |  |
| | | thanksgivin |  |  |
| | | BiG IsLaND jazz hOUr |  |  |
| | ¥$ | *Vultures 2* | River |  |  |
|

## Filmography

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2001 | *The Little Polar Bear* | Lars | English version |
| 2003 | *Just for Kicks* | Sal |  |
| 2004 | *The Nutcracker and the Mouse King* | Nutcracker | Direct-to-video
English version |
| 2007 | *Meet the Robinsons* | Wilbur Robinson |  |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | *Felicity* | Oscar | Episode: "And to All a Good Night" |
| 2001 | *The Amanda Show* |  | Episode #2.26 |
| 2002 | *A Charlie Brown Valentine* | Charlie Brown (voice) | television specials |
| | *Charlie Brown's Christmas Tales* | | |
| 2003 | *Lucy Must Be Traded, Charlie Brown* | | |
| 2006 | *7th Heaven* | Student #9 | Episode: "Got MLK?" |

### Video games

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2007 | *Meet the Robinsons* | Wilbur Robinson |

1. https://www.instagram.com/p/CgVo7w1rEsw/?img\_index=1
2. "Calabasas High School Class of 2008". *The Acorn*. June 26, 2008. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
3. Owen, Rob (February 7, 2002). "Good grief, it's a brand new TV special". *Daily News*. p. B3.
4. Bark, Ed (February 7, 2002). "New 'Peanuts' good-hearted but lacking". *Beaver County Times*. p. C7.
5. Crump, William D. (April 18, 2019). *Happy Holidays--Animated!: A Worldwide Encyclopedia of Christmas, Hanukkah, Kwanzaa and New Year's Cartoons on Television and Film*. McFarland & Company. p. 44. ISBN 9781476672939.
6. Gates, Anita (August 29, 2003). "TELEVISION REVIEW; Charlie Brown and His Crew, All Fired Up to Lose". *The New York Times*. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
7. Lemire, Christy (March 30, 2007). "Disney animators do 3-D the right way". *Eugene Register-Guard*. p. 14.
8. Sherman, Fraser A. (January 11, 2017). *Now and Then We Time Travel: Visiting Pasts and Futures in Film and Television*. McFarland & Company. p. 148. ISBN 9780786496792.
9. Pareles, Jon (March 30, 2022). "For Grammy Nominee Rogét Chahayed, Pop Isn't Far From Mozart". *The New York Times*. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
10. Carter, Bobby (February 1, 2017). "D.R.A.M.: Tiny Desk Concert". *National Public Radio*. Retrieved December 25, 2023.
11. Feinberg, Scott (December 10, 2021). ""I Can Make an Anthem for This Character": Camila Cabello, Kid Cudi, Anderson .Paak, Sparks and the THR Songwriter Roundtable". *The Hollywood Reporter*. Retrieved December 25, 2023.

## InfoBox

| Wesley Singerman | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Wesley Steven Singerman
(1990-08-23) August 23, 1990
Tarzana, California, U.S. |
| Occupations | * Guitarist * record producer * songwriter * actor |
| Years active | 1999–present |
| Notable credit(s) | *Meet the Robinsons*
as **Wilbur Robinson**
*A Charlie Brown Valentine*, *Charlie Brown's Christmas Tales* and *Lucy Must Be Traded, Charlie Brown*
as **Charlie Brown** |
| Children | 1 |


title: USS Brush

abstract: USS Brush (DD-745), an Allen M. Sumner-class destroyer, is the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Charles Brush, an American inventor and philanthropist.

text:
# USS Brush

**USS *Brush* (DD-745)**, an *Allen M. Sumner*-class destroyer, is the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for Charles Brush, an American inventor and philanthropist.

## Construction and career

*Brush* (DD-745) was launched on 28 December 1943 by Bethlehem Steel Co., Staten Island, New York; sponsored by Miss Virginia Perkins, great-granddaughter of Charles Brush; and commissioned on 17 April 1944.

### Service in the United States Navy

#### World War II

On 30 August 1944 *Brush* arrived at Pearl Harbor and after training got underway for Eniwetok, Marshall Islands on 28 September. From Eniwetok she escorted convoys to Ulithi and the Palau Islands.

Serving with the 5th and 3rd Fleets she took part in the Leyte operation (5 November – 16 December 1944); Luzon-Formosa-China coast-Nansei Shoto strikes (3–22 January 1945); invasion of Iwo Jima and the supporting 5th Fleet raids (15 February – 5 March), and Okinawa operation (17 March – 27 April), including 21 April bombardment of Minami Daito Shima. She retired to Ulithi, Caroline Islands, where she lay 30 April – 10 May before joining the 5th Fleet for the projected invasion of Kyushu, Japan. *Brush* lay at anchor in Leyte Gulf from 13 June to 1 July 1945 and then departed for a raid on the Japanese island of Hokkaidō. On 22 July *Brush* and other destroyers of her squadron conducted an anti-shipping sweep near the entrance of Tokyo Bay. She remained in this area on air-sea rescue duty until 14 September when she steamed into Tokyo Bay. On 24 September 1945 she left the Far East for the United States.

She arrived at Seattle, Washington, 15 October 1945 and operated along the west coast until early 1946 when she departed for Guam. She remained at Guam until 9 March and then steamed to Qingdao, China, arriving on the 19th. With the exception of two voyages to the Philippine Islands, she operated in the East China Sea between Qingdao and Shanghai until January 1947. *Brush* returned to Guam 18 January 1947 for repairs. Repairs completed 16 February 1947, she sailed to San Diego, via Saipan, Kwajalein, and Pearl Harbor, arriving 24 March. Until May 1950 *Brush* remained on the west coast participating in local operations, plane guard duties, and type training.

#### Korea

In May 1950 she was ordered to the Far East and entered Formosan waters as a unit of TF 77 on 29 June 1950. She screened the carrier units during the United Nations air strikes against North Korea and participated in shore bombardment. On 26 September 1950 while shelling the shore off Tanch'ŏn, *Brush* struck a mine, ripping her midships section and breaking her keel. Thirteen men were killed and 31 injured. *Brush* received temporary repairs at Japan and returned under her own power to Puget Sound Naval Shipyard, arriving on 22 December 1950.

Almost a year later *Brush* departed on her second Korean cruise. She stopped at Pearl Harbor for one month and then joined TF 77 for anti-submarine and anti-aircraft duties off Korea until 25 February 1952. In March *Brush* was assigned to the Formosan patrol and then participated in hunter-killer exercises off Okinawa. She returned to Japan 12 April and joined the blockade of Korea's west coast with TF's 95 and 77. She returned to San Diego 26 June 1952.

*Brush* operated off the California coast until February 1953 when she commenced her third Korean cruise. She returned to the United States 30 August.

*Brush* conducted seven more Western Pacific deployments over the next decade (4 May – 5 December 1954; 30 June 1955 – 15 February 1956; 31 August 1957 – 1 March 1958; 25 October 1958 – 22 April 1959; 1 January – 28 July 1960; 29 July 1961 – 9 March 1962; 13 March – 1 October 1964), each involving carrier escort, ASW exercises and the occasional Formosa patrol. During the last 1964 deployment, *Brush* cruised in the Gulf of Tonkin as American intervention in Vietnam escalated.

Over the next five years, *Brush* conducted three Vietnam deployments (20 November 1965 – 13 May 1966; 8 April – 6 October 1967; 20 August 1968 – 4 March 1969), each marked by intensive patrol and gunnery operations in the South China Sea.

*Brush* was decommissioned and stricken from the register on 27 October 1969. She was subsequently sold to Taiwan on 9 December 1969.

### Service in the Republic of China Navy

The ship was renamed **ROCS *Hsiang Yang* (DD-1)** and commissioned on 25 April 1970

The ship's weapon system was gradually modified on the ship. In 1980, the serial number was changed to DD-986. But was later changed to DD-901.

Decommissioned on 1 September 1984 and was later stricken the same year and transferred to Naval Weapons School.

She was finally broken up for scrap.

## Awards

*Brush* received five battle stars for World War II service and four battle stars for her Korean operations.

## InfoBox

| USS *Brush* underway on 22 May 1944 | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | *Brush* |
| Namesake | Charles F. Brush |
| Builder | Bethlehem Mariners Harbor |
| Laid down | 30 July 1943 |
| Launched | 28 December 1943 |
| Sponsored by | Mrs. Virginia Perkins |
| Commissioned | 17 April 1944 |
| Decommissioned | 27 October 1969 |
| Stricken | 27 October 1969 |
| Identification |  |
| Honours and<br>awards | See *Awards* |
| Fate | Sold to Taiwan, 9 December 1969 |
| Badge |  |
| Taiwan | |
| Name | * *Hsiang Yang* * (襄陽) |
| Namesake | Hsiang Yang |
| Acquired | 9 December 1969 |
| Commissioned | 25 April 1970 |
| Identification | Hull number: DD-1 |
| Reclassified | * DD-986, 1980 * DD-901 * DDG-901 |
| Decommissioned | 1 September 1984 |
| Stricken | 1984 |
| Fate | Scrapped |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | *Allen M. Sumner*-class destroyer |
| Displacement | 2,200 tons |
| Length | 376 ft 6 in (114.76 m) |
| Beam | 40 ft (12 m) |
| Draft | 15 ft 8 in (4.78 m) |
| Installed power | 60,000 shp (45,000 kW) |
| Propulsion | 2 propellers; 2 steam turbines |
| Speed | 34 knots (63 km/h; 39 mph) |
| Range | 6,500 nmi (12,000 km; 7,500 mi) at 15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph) |
| Complement | 336 |
| Armament |  |


title: Ralph E. Simmons Memorial State Forest

abstract: The Ralph E. Simmons Memorial State Forest is in the U.S. state of Florida. The 3,638-acre (15 km⁲) forest is located in northeastern Florida, near Hilliard, although it's closer to Boulogne. The forest was renamed in 1996 for Ralph E. Simmons, a former member of the St. Johns River Water Management District Governing Board. Access to the forest is available from Lake Hampton Road, the northernmost west to east paved road in Nassau County.

text:
# Ralph E. Simmons Memorial State Forest

The **Ralph E. Simmons Memorial State Forest** (formerly the **St. Mary's State Forest**) is in the U.S. state of Florida. The 3,638-acre (15 km2) forest is located in northeastern Florida, near Hilliard, although it's closer to Boulogne. The forest was renamed in 1996 for Ralph E. Simmons, a former member of the St. Johns River Water Management District Governing Board.

Access to the forest is available from Lake Hampton Road, the northernmost west to east paved road in Nassau County.

## InfoBox

| Ralph E. Simmons Memorial State Forest | |
| --- | --- |
| Trailhead on Lake Hampton Road in Ralph E. Simmons Memorial State Forest. | |
| Map of Florida | |
| Location | Nassau County, Florida |
| Nearest city | Hilliard |
| Area | 3,638 acres (14.73 km2) |
| Governing body | Florida Department of Environmental Protection |


abstract: The Men's scratch race at the UEC European Track Championships was first competed in 2014 in Guadeloupe, France. The scratch race consists of a single race of 15 km. The winner is the first to cross the line, taking into cyclists who have lapped the peloton.

text:
# UEC European Track Championships – Men's scratch race

The **Men's scratch race** at the UEC European Track Championships was first competed in 2014 in Guadeloupe, France.

The scratch race consists of a single race of 15 km. The winner is the first to cross the line, taking into cyclists who have lapped the peloton.

## Medalists

| Championships | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2014 Guadeloupe
 | Otto Vergaerde
Belgium | Eloy Teruel
Spain | Ed Clancy
Great Britain |
| 2015 Grenchen
 | Sebastián Mora
Spain | Tristan Marguet
Switzerland | Adrian Tekliński
Poland |
| 2016 Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
 | Gaël Suter
Switzerland | Adrian Tekliński
Poland | Wim Stroetinga
Netherlands |
| 2017 Berlin
 | Adrien Garel
France | Krisztián Lovassy
Hungary | Roman Gladysh
Ukraine |
| 2018 Glasgow
 | Roman Gladysh
Ukraine | Adrien Garel
France | Tristan Marguet
Switzerland |
| 2019 Apeldoorn
 | Sebastián Mora
Spain | Christos Volikakis
Greece | Wim Stroetinga
Netherlands |
| 2020 Plovdiv
 | Iúri Leitão
Portugal | Roman Gladysh
Ukraine | Oliver Wood
Great Britain |
| 2021 Grenchen
 | Rui Oliveira
Portugal | Vincent Hoppezak
Netherlands | JB Murphy
Ireland |
| 2022 Munich
 | Iúri Leitão
Portugal | Moritz Malcharek
Germany | Roy Eefting
Netherlands |
| 2023 Grenchen
 | Oliver Wood
Great Britain | Roy Eefting
Netherlands | Donavan Grondin
France |
| 2024 Apeldoorn
 | Iúri Leitão
Portugal | Tim Wafler
Austria | Tobias Hansen
Denmark |


title: Fourth Orbán Government

abstract: The fourth Orbán government was the Government of Hungary from 18 May 2018 to 24 May 2022, after the 2018 parliamentary elections, led by Viktor Orbán.

text:
# Fourth Orbán Government

The **fourth Orbán government** (Hungarian: *negyedik Orbán-kormány*) was the Government of Hungary from 18 May 2018 to 24 May 2022, after the 2018 parliamentary elections, led by Viktor Orbán.

## Policy

### Social policy

On 2018 October, Orban's government issued a decree that came into force, removing gender studies from the list of master's programmes. The subject will be banned at Hungarian universities.

On 2020 19 May, Hungary outlaws changing birth gender on documents. The law, proposed by Fidesz party, passed by 133 votes to 57.

In November 2020, it was announced that Orban's government wanted to amended the definition of family in its constitution to allow an effective ban on adoption by same-sex couples and to mention in the constitution that the mother is a woman, the father a man. On 15 December 2020 The Hungarian parliament passes a law that effectively bans adoptions by same-sex couples. According to the measure, only married couples can adopt children while single people must obtain special approval to adopt from the family affairs minister, Lawmakers also amended the Hungarian constitution, with a new definition for family as the union of a father who is a man and a mother who is a woman. The Law passed by 134 votes to 45, with 5 abstentions.

On June 5, 2021, it was announced that Orban's government wanted a new law banning the 'promotion' of homosexuality and gender change to children under the age of 18 in schools, films or books. On 15 June The Hungarian parliament passed a new law that bans the 'promotion' of homosexuality and gender change to children in schools, films or books. Critics compared it to the 2013 Russian gay propaganda law. The Law passed by 157 votes to 1, with 41 abstentions. Fidesz–KDNP, Jobbik and Mi Hazánk voted for the law.

### George Soros

On 16 May 2018, George Soros's Open Society Foundations announced it would move its office from Budapest to Berlin amid Hungarian government interference.

On 20 June 2018, the Hungarian Parliament passed a "Stop Soros law." Under it, anyone "facilitating illegal immigration" will face a year in jail.

On 3 December 2018, the Soros-linked Central European University announced it would cease operations in Hungary and relocate to Vienna, after the Hungarian government refused to sign an agreement allowing it to continue operations in Hungary.

### China

In April 2021, it was announced that Orban's government wanted to build Chinese Fudan University campus with Chinese loans in Hungary. According to the plan the university campus would be built by a pre-approved (Chinese state construction firm), with workers, building materials and a €1.25 billion (HUF 450 billion) loan from China.

According to an opinion poll by think tank Republikon Institute, 66% of Hungarians oppose and 27% support the idea of the campus. Some 89 percent of opposition voters oppose the plan, as do 31 percent of the ruling Fidesz party's own supporters. The Opposition parties have called for a referendum. On 5 June 2020, an estimated 10,000 protested against building the university.

## Party breakdown

### Beginning of term

Party breakdown of cabinet ministers in the beginning of term:

### End of term

Party breakdown of cabinet ministers in the end of term:

## Members of the Cabinet

| Office | Name | Party | | Term |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Cabinet Office of the Prime Minister | | | | |
| Prime Minister | Viktor Orbán |  | Fidesz | 2018–2022 |
| Minister of the Cabinet Office of the Prime Minister | Antal Rogán |  | Fidesz | 2018–2022 |
| Prime Minister's Office | | | | |
| Deputy Prime Minister (General) | Zsolt Semjén |  | KDNP | 2018–2022 |
| Minister of the Prime Minister’s Office | Gergely Gulyás |  | Fidesz | 2018–2022 |
| Ministers | | | | |
| Deputy Prime Minister (for National Security) Minister of Interior | Sándor Pintér |  | Independent | 2018–2022 |
| Deputy Prime Minister (for Economic Politics) Minister of Finance | Mihály Varga |  | Fidesz | 2018–2022 |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade | Péter Szijjártó |  | Fidesz | 2018–2022 |
| Minister of Justice | László Trócsányi |  | Independent | 2018–2019 |
| | Judit Varga |  | Fidesz | 2019–2022 |
| Minister of Human Resources | Miklós Kásler |  | Independent | 2018–2022 |
| Minister of Innovation and Technology | László Palkovics |  | Independent | 2018–2022 |
| Minister of Agriculture | István Nagy |  | Fidesz | 2018–2022 |
| Minister of Defence | Tibor Benkő |  | Independent | 2018–2022 |
| Ministers without portfolio | | | | |
| Minister for National Politics, Church Affairs and Nationalities | Zsolt Semjén |  | KDNP | 2018–2022 |
| Minister for the Planning, Construction and Commissioning
of the two new blocks at Paks Nuclear Power Plant | János Süli |  | KDNP | 2018–2022 |
| Minister for Managing National Wealth | Andrea Bártfai-Mager |  | Independent | 2018–2022 |
| Minister for Family Affairs | Katalin Novák |  | Fidesz | 2020–2021 |

## Composition

Government press officer Bertalan Havasi announced members of the cabinet on 27 April 2018.

Gen. Tibor Benkő, who has served as Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Hungary since 2010 was nominated to the position of Minister of Defence. After retiring, he took office as a civilian.

| **Office** | **Image** | **Incumbent** | **Political party** | | **In office** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Prime Minister |  | Viktor Orbán |  | Fidesz | 10 May 2018 – 16 May 2022 |
| Deputy Prime Minister (General)
Minister without portfolio
for National Politics, Church Affairs and Nationalities |  | Zsolt Semjén |  | KDNP | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Deputy Prime Minister (for Economic Politics)
Minister of Finance |  | Mihály Varga |  | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Deputy Prime Minister (for National Security)
Minister of Interior |  | Sándor Pintér |  | Independent | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister of the Prime Minister's Office |  | Gergely Gulyás |  | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister of the Prime Minister's Cabinet Office |  | Antal Rogán |  | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade |  | Péter Szijjártó |  | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister of Justice |  | László Trócsányi |  | Independent | 18 May 2018 – 30 June 2019 |
| |  | Judit Varga |  | Fidesz | 12 July 2019 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister of Human Resources |  | Miklós Kásler |  | Independent | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister of Innovation and Technology |  | László Palkovics |  | Independent | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister of Agriculture |  | István Nagy |  | Fidesz | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister of Defence |  | Tibor Benkő |  | Independent | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister without Portfolio
for the planning, construction and commissioning
of the two new blocks at Paks Nuclear Power Plant |  | János Süli |  | KDNP | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister without Portfolio
for managing national wealth |  | Andrea Bártfai-Mager |  | Independent | 18 May 2018 – 24 May 2022 |
| Minister without Portfolio
for family affairs |  | Katalin Novák |  | Fidesz | 1 October 2020 – 31 December 2021 |

## InfoBox

| Fourth Orbán Government | |
| --- | --- |
|
72nd Cabinet of Hungary | |
| Incumbent | |
|  | |
| Date formed | 18 May 2018 |
| Date dissolved | 24 May 2022 |
| People and organisations | |
| Head of state | János Áder |
| Head of government | Viktor Orbán |
| Head of government's history | 1998–2002, 2010–present |
| Deputy head of government | Zsolt SemjénMihály VargaSándor Pintér |
| Total no. of members | 16 |
| Member party |  |
| Status in legislature | Supermajority 133 / 199(67%) |
| Opposition party |  |
| Opposition leader | Tamás Sneider (2018–2020)Péter Jakab (2020–2022) |
| History | |
| Election | 2018 election |
| Outgoing election | 2022 election |
| Legislature term | 2018–2022 |
| Predecessor | Third Orbán Government |
| Successor | Fifth Orbán Government |


title: Trenton, North Dakota

abstract: Trenton is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in northwestern Williams County, North Dakota, United States. It lies along North Dakota Highway 1804 southwest of the city of Williston, the county seat of Williams County. The community lies 220 miles north-west of Bismarck. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

text:
# Trenton, North Dakota

**Trenton** is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in northwestern Williams County, North Dakota, United States. It lies along North Dakota Highway 1804 southwest of the city of Williston, the county seat of Williams County. The community lies 220 miles north-west of Bismarck. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2020 | 488 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

Trenton first appeared as a census designated place in the 2020 U.S. Census.

## Climate

According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Trenton has a semi-arid climate, abbreviated "BSk" on climate maps.

## Transportation

Amtrak’s Empire Builder, which operates between Seattle/Portland and Chicago, passes through the town on BNSF tracks, but makes no stop. The nearest station is located in Williston, 14 miles (23 km) to the northeast.

In July 2013, An Amtrak *Empire Builder* train collided with a bulldozer 9 miles (14 km) west of Trenton, killing the operator.

## Education

It is within the Eight Mile School District.

## InfoBox

| Trenton | |
| --- | --- |
| Census-designated place | |
| TrentonLocation within the state of North DakotaTrentonTrenton (the United States) | |
| Coordinates: 48°04′12″N 103°50′35″W / 48.07000°N 103.84306°W / 48.07000; -103.84306 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | North Dakota |
| County | Williams |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.05 sq mi (2.71 km2) |
| Land | 1.05 sq mi (2.71 km2) |
| Water | 0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2) |
| Elevation | 1,933 ft (589 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 488 |
| Density | 466.09/sq mi (179.98/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| ZIP codes | 58853 |
| Area code | 701 |
| FIPS code | 38-79460 |
| GNIS feature ID | 2805291 |


title: Rajarsitulyakula

abstract: Rajarsitulyakula was a royal house that controlled Dakshina Kosala in India. They were also known as the Sura dynasty and were succeeded by the Parvatadvarkas.

text:
# Rajarsitulyakula

**Rajarsitulyakula** was a royal house that controlled Dakshina Kosala in India. They were also known as the Sura dynasty and were succeeded by the Parvatadvarkas.

## History

South Kosala had been in control of the Vakatakas for almost 60 years. After the death of Harishena, the last Vakataka king, South Kosala went into the hands of the regional Rajarsitulyakula. Their capital was located at Arang. The founder of the Rajarsitulyakula dynasty was Sura. This dynasty flourished in the 6th or 5th century.

The rulers used the Gupta *Samvat* or calendar, which shows that the rulers of this dynasty accepted the Gupta authority. 2 coins of the Gupta rulers have been found here, of Samudragupta and Kumaragupta I. *Maharaja* Bhimasena II issued the Arang copper plate inscription through which we get to know about the rulers of the dynasty. V. V. Mirashi identifies Bhimasena as the enemy of Skandavarman Nala. Skandavarman perhaps occupied their territory about 500 A.D.

The Rajarsitulyak was succeeded by the Parvatadvarkas.

## List of rulers

The known Rajarsitulyakula rulers are-

* Maharaja Sura
* Maharaja Dayita I alias Dayitavarman I
* Maharaja Bhimasena I
* Maharaja Dayitavarman II
* Maharaja Bhimasena II (c. 501 or 601–?)

## Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Rajarsitulyakula of Arang | |
| --- | --- |
| * 4th century-5th century (Vassal of the Gupta Empire) * 5th century-6th century (Independent kingdom) | |
| Capital | Arang |
| Religion | Hinduism |
| Government | Monarchy |
| History |  |
|  | |
| Established | 4th century |
| Disestablished | 6th century |
|  | |
|  | |
| Today part of | India |


title: Macroglossum kleineri

abstract: Macroglossum kleineri is a moth of the family Sphingidae which is endemic to Sulawesi.

text:
# Macroglossum kleineri

***Macroglossum kleineri*** is a moth of the family Sphingidae which is endemic to Sulawesi.

## InfoBox

| *Macroglossum kleineri* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Sphingidae |
| Genus: | *Macroglossum* |
| Species: | ***M. kleineri*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Macroglossum kleineri***<br>Eitschberger, 2006 | |
|


title: Ralf Baecker

abstract: Ralf Baecker is a German artist known for his installation works that use complex electronic systems. Baecker studied media art at Cologne's Academy of Media Arts.

text:
# Ralf Baecker

**Ralf Baecker** (born 1977 in Düsseldorf) is a German artist known for his installation works that use complex electronic systems. Baecker studied media art at Cologne's Academy of Media Arts.

## Work

Baecker's *Irrational Computing*, created in 2014, used elemental quartz crystals to create a basic signal processing unit. Created the same year, *Mirage* employed a luminous red light projection based on readings of the Earth's magnetic field. In 2015 he received an Honorary mention at Ars Electronica for *Mirage*. In 2017 his work *Order+Noise (Interface I)*, which uses background radiation data to control mechanical movements, received the grand prize at the Japan Media Arts Festival. His 2018 work *Putting the Pieces Back together Again* involves an array of 1250 stepper motors that create a swarm-like display of mechanical movement.

Baecker is a professor of experimental design of new technologies at the University of the Arts Bremen.


title: Madan Patil

abstract: Madan Vishwanathrao Patil was a member of the 12th Lok Sabha of India. He is son of Vishwanathrao Shamrao Patil & also grandson of former chief minister of maharashtra Padmabhushan Vasantdada Patil. He has a B.Com. (Hons.), Shivaji University, Sangli (Maharashtra). He represented the Sangli constituency of Maharashtra and is a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) political party. He was also a member of the 12th Lok Sabha from Sangli, Maharashtra. He was Member of 2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from Sangli constituency. He was Cabinet Minister for Women and Child Affairs in the Ashok Chavan led Cabinet of State of Maharashtra.

text:
# Madan Patil

**Madan Vishwanathrao Patil** (2 December 196016 October 2015) was a member of the 12th Lok Sabha of India. He is son of Vishwanathrao Shamrao Patil & also grandson of former chief minister of maharashtra Padmabhushan Vasantdada Patil. He has a B.Com. (Hons.) (Chintaman Rao College ), Shivaji University, Sangli (Maharashtra). He represented the Sangli constituency of Maharashtra and is a member of the Indian National Congress (INC) political party.

He was also a member of the 12th Lok Sabha from Sangli, Maharashtra. He was Member of 2009 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly from Sangli constituency. He was Cabinet Minister for Women and Child Affairs in the Ashok Chavan led Cabinet of State of Maharashtra.

## InfoBox

| Madan Vishwanathrao Patil | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 2 December 1960
Sangli, Maharashtra |
| Died | 16 October 2015(2015-10-16) (aged 55–56)
Mumbai, India |
| Nationality | Indian |
| Spouse | Jayashree madan patil |
| Children | \[Sonia patil-Holkar, Monika Patil-Kadam\] |


title: Penance Soiree

abstract: Penance Soiree is the second full-length album released by Los Angeles band The Icarus Line. It was one of 2004's most critically acclaimed releases, and its reputation has subsequently earned praise in various publications, including the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die. Due to infighting with the band's U.S. division of their record label at the time, V2 Records, the album, which was recorded in early 2003, was not released until May 2, 2004. Disagreements and aggravations on the band's end stemmed from the label's general lack of interest and support, a nearly non-existent promotional campaign for the album, and the group's control over its artwork. The U.S. division of the record label did not invest in even one advertisement for the release, and also made the band pay for the production of their music videos out of their own pocket. The album was produced by Michael Musmanno, and then mixed by Alan Moulder. Moulder also contributed some last minute recording and engineering to the album, while mixing it in London with Aaron North and Joe Cardamone at Eden Studios in west London. The song "On the Lash" was also re-mixed for the album's inclusion by Ken Andrews, due to the band being unhappy with the original mix after returning home. The album was mastered by Howie Weinberg in New York City. This was the last album by The Icarus Line that featured guitarist Aaron North.

text:
# Penance Soiree

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |
| Pitchfork Media | 7.8/10 link |

***Penance Soiree*** is the second full-length album released by Los Angeles band The Icarus Line. It was one of 2004's most critically acclaimed releases, and its reputation has subsequently earned praise in various publications, including the book *1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die*.

Due to infighting with the band's U.S. division of their record label at the time, V2 Records, the album, which was recorded in early 2003, was not released until May 2, 2004. Disagreements and aggravations on the band's end stemmed from the label's general lack of interest and support, a nearly non-existent promotional campaign for the album, and the group's control over its artwork. The U.S. division of the record label did not invest in even one advertisement for the release, and also made the band pay for the production of their music videos out of their own pocket.

The album was produced by Michael Musmanno, and then mixed by Alan Moulder. Moulder also contributed some last minute recording and engineering to the album, while mixing it in London with Aaron North and Joe Cardamone at Eden Studios in west London. The song "On the Lash" was also re-mixed for the album's inclusion by Ken Andrews, due to the band being unhappy with the original mix after returning home. The album was mastered by Howie Weinberg in New York City.

This was the last album by The Icarus Line that featured guitarist Aaron North.

## Track listing

1. "Up Against the Wall Motherfuckers"
2. "Spit on It"
3. "On the Lash"
4. "Caviar"
5. "Spike Island"
6. "Kiss Like Lizards"
7. "Getting Bright at Night"
8. "Big Sleep"
9. "White Devil"
10. "Meatmaker"
11. "Virgin Velcro"
12. "Seasick"
13. "Party the Baby Off"

### Bonus Tracks

1. "Feed a Cat To Your Cobra
2. "Separate the Sound
3. "You Make Me Nervous
4. "Get Paid
5. "Committed to Extinction

## Personnel

* Joe Cardamone – Vocals
* Jeff "The Captain" Watson - Drums
* Don Devore – Bass
* Alvin DeGuzman - Guitar
* Aaron North – Guitar

### Guest musicians

* Jon Wahl – Saxophone on "White Devil"
* "Dirty Lil Louis" – "Pulse"/808 on "Meatmaker"

### Production

* Produced by: Mike Mussmano and The Icarus Line
* Recorded at: Sunset Sound in Hollywood, Platinum Audio in Hollywood, Wet & Dry in Highland Park, Teri Ave. in Torrance, "The Boat" in Silverlake, and Eden Studios in London
* Engineered/Recorded by: Mike Mussmano, Francis Miranda, Anthony Ianaro, Chris Reynolds. Alan Moulder, Rick Levy, Danny Kalb, and Aaron North
* Mixed by: Alan Moulder; except "On the Lash", mixed by Ken Andrews at Extasy Studio South in Hollywood
* Editing by: Roger Lian
* Mastered by: Howie Weinberg at Masterdisk in New York
* Photography by: Jason Nocito
* Layout by: Matt Sohl

## Alternate versions

* In the U.S., Buddyhead Records released a double-vinyl LP version of the album. This version features the original mix of "On The Lash" by Alan Moulder, as well as the originally intended album closer, "Hold The Killer Straight".
* Alternate versions of the song "Meatmaker" were included on the various formats of the album, depending on which record label/territory it was released.
* The Japanese release of the CD is the only version that resembled the band's original vision for the artwork and layout. The concept was to have the album lyrics hidden in the "wings" inside the booklet, which could only be read when a clear red CD tray was held over it. Due to lack of communication with the Japanese label, instead the inserts were printed incorrectly, and the CD tray was clear instead of red.

## Vinyl pressing information

* Buddyhead released a limited pressing of 500 copies. These double LPs were all pressed on multi-colored, swirled vinyl. Colors included pink, purple, red, grey, green, and red. The track-listing on the LP labels were incorrect on many copies.
* The European pressing was released by Sweet Nothing. The double LPs were pressed on black vinyl and packaged in gatefold jackets.

## InfoBox

| Penance Soiree | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by The Icarus Line | |
| Released | May 2, 2004 |
| Genre | Garage rock, noise rock |
| Length | 53:40 |
| Label | V2 Records |
| The Icarus Line chronology | |
| *Mono*
(2001) ***Penance Soiree***
(2004) *Black Presents*
(2006) | |


title: William Ker, 2nd Earl of Roxburghe

abstract: William Ker, 2nd Earl of Roxburghe PC was a Scottish nobleman who inherited his title from his maternal grandfather, Robert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe.

text:
# William Ker, 2nd Earl of Roxburghe

**William Ker, 2nd Earl of Roxburghe** PC (1622  2 July 1675) was a Scottish nobleman who inherited his title from his maternal grandfather, Robert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe.

## Early life

He was born William Drummond in 1622. He was the fifth and youngest son born to John Drummond, 2nd Earl of Perth, and Lady Jean Ker. His eldest brother, James Drummond (1615–1675), inherited his father's titles and became the 3rd Earl of Perth.

His mother was the eldest daughter of Robert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe and the former Margaret Maitland, the only daughter and eventual heiress of William Maitland of Lethington. His paternal grandparents were Patrick Drummond, 3rd Lord Drummond and Lady Elizabeth Lindsay (the daughter of David Lindsay, 9th Earl of Crawford). His brother's son, James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth, was created the Duke of Perth in the Jacobite Peerage in 1701.

## Peerage and career

As both of his maternal uncles predeceased his grandfather, the 1st Earl of Roxburghe, without a male heir to inherit his titles and estates, nominated his grandson William for the honours in 1648. William changed his surname to Ker and, by special arrangement ratified by Parliament in 1661, inherited the titles and estates of his grandfather.

In 1660 and 1661, he served as Privy Councillor and in 1668, he served as Col. of Foot with the Roxburgh and Selkirk Militia.

## Personal life

On 17 May 1655, Roxburghe married his cousin, the Hon. Jane Ker, eldest daughter, and heir of line, of his late uncle, the Hon. Harry Ker (from his grandfather's second marriage to Jean Drummond, who was also his father's younger sister) and Lady Margaret Hay (the only daughter of William Hay, 10th Earl of Erroll and Lady Anne Lyon, daughter of Patrick Lyon, 1st Earl of Kinghorne). After his uncle died, Lady Margaret remarried to John Kennedy, 6th Earl of Cassilis. Together, they were the parents of:

Roxburghe died on 2 July 1675 and his titles were inherited by his eldest son, Robert.

### Descendants

Through his son Robert, he was a grandfather of Robert Ker, 4th Earl of Roxburghe (c.1677–1696), the eldest son of the 3rd Earl.

Through his youngest son John, who married Lady Mary Ramsay (widow of William Ramsay, 3rd Earl of Dalhousie) the second daughter of Henry Moore, 1st Earl of Drogheda, he was the grandfather of John Bellenden, 3rd Lord Bellenden and Lt. Col. William Bellenden (c.1702–1759), himself the father of William Bellenden (1728–1805), later Bellenden-Ker, later 7th Lord Bellenden, later 4th Duke of Roxburghe.

Through his only daughter Lady Jean Ker, he was a grandfather of Colin Lindsay, Lord Cumberland, master of Balcarres, who died unmarried in 1708, and Margaret Lindsay, who married John Fleming, 6th Earl of Wigtown.

## InfoBox

| The Right HonourableThe Earl of RoxburghePC | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal details | |
| Born | William Drummond
1622 |
| Died | 2 July 1675(1675-07-02) (aged 52–53) |
| Spouse | Hon. Jane Ker (m. 1655) |
| Children | 5 |
| Parent(s) | John Drummond, 2nd Earl of Perth
Lady Jean Ker |
| Relatives | Robert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe (grandfather) |
|  | |


title: Lima Blanco Municipality

abstract: The Lima Blanco Municipality is one of the nine municipalities (municipios) that make up the Venezuelan state of Cojedes and, according to the 2011 census by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 9,454. The town of Macapo is the shire town of the Lima Blanco Municipality.

text:
# Lima Blanco Municipality

The **Lima Blanco Municipality** is one of the nine municipalities (municipios) that make up the Venezuelan state of Cojedes and, according to the 2011 census by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 9,454. The town of Macapo is the shire town of the Lima Blanco Municipality.

## Demographics

The Lima Blanco Municipality, according to a 2007 population estimate by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, had a population of 9,161 (up from 7,965 in 2000). This amounted to 3.1% of the state's population. The municipality's population density is 72.13 inhabitants per square kilometre (186.8/sq mi).

## Government

The mayor of the Lima Blanco Municipality is José Orangel Sánchez Fernández, elected on October 31, 2004, with 36% of the vote. He replaced Moraima Machado shortly after the elections. The municipality is divided into two parishes; Macapo and La Aguadita (previous to December 30, 1994, the Lima Blanco Municipality contained only a single parish).

## InfoBox

| Lima Blanco Municipality Municipio Lima Blanco | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
|  | |
| Location in Cojedes | |
| Lima Blanco MunicipalityLocation in Venezuela | |
| Coordinates: 9°48′17″N 68°23′58″W / 9.8047°N 68.3994°W / 9.8047; -68.3994 | |
| Country | Venezuela |
| State | Cojedes |
| Government | |
| Mayor | José Orangel Sánchez Fernández (MVR) |
| Area | |
| Total | 150.6 km2 (58.1 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 9,454 |
| Density | 63/km2 (160/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−4 (VET) |
| Area code(s) | 0258 |
| Website | Official website |
| \[edit on Wikidata\] | |


title: Trench shield

abstract: Trench shields are steel or aluminum structures used to avoid cave-ins and protect utility workers while performing their duties within a trench. They are customarily constructed with sidewalls of varying thicknesses held apart by steel or aluminum spreaders. Spreaders can be interchanged to match the width of the trench. The different materials and building designs lead to a variety of depth ratings: the depth of a trench that the shield can withstand a collapse without buckling. Depth ratings are determined by registered professional engineers. A shield should not be confused with a shore. While they may serve a similar function, trench shoring is a different physical application that holds up the walls of a trench to prevent collapse. In the US, use of a trench shield is governed by OSHA 29 CFR Part 1926.650-.652 Subpart P-Excavations.

text:
# Trench shield

**Trench shields** (also called **trench boxes** or **trench sheets**) are steel or aluminum structures used to avoid cave-ins and protect utility workers while performing their duties within a trench. They are customarily constructed with sidewalls of varying thicknesses held apart by steel or aluminum spreaders. Spreaders can be interchanged to match the width of the trench. The different materials and building designs lead to a variety of depth ratings: the depth of a trench that the shield can withstand a collapse without buckling. Depth ratings are determined by registered professional engineers.

A shield should not be confused with a shore. While they may serve a similar function, trench shoring is a different physical application that holds up the walls of a trench to prevent collapse.

In the US, use of a trench shield is governed by OSHA 29 CFR Part 1926.650-.652 Subpart P-Excavations.


title: Ramón Nouvilas

abstract: Ramón Nouvilas y Rafols (1812–1880) was a Spanish military figure and Minister of War from April 30, 1873, to June 7 of the same year.

text:
# Ramón Nouvilas

**Ramón Nouvilas y Rafols** (1812–1880) was a Spanish military figure and Minister of War from April 30, 1873, to June 7 of the same year.

## Biography

He began his military career by intervening on the various fronts of the First Carlist War, in which he suffered seven gunshot wounds and was promoted on war merits to the rank of lieutenant colonel. Later he participated in the unsuccessful assault on the Royal Palace of Madrid by means of which those pronounced in 1841 against Baldomero Espartero tried to seize the queen and her sister, still girls, to put an end to the regency, for which he had to go into exile in France. Back in Spain in June 1843, after the fall of Espartero, he was promoted to colonel and, at the head of the Castile Regiment, he fought the Carlist and Republican parties raised in Galicia and Catalonia, where in 1849 he faced Cabrera until his final retirement and was promoted to quarterback. Minister of the Supreme Court of War and Navy in 1862, in 1866 he was exiled to the Canary Islands for his participation in the revolutionary attempts led by Juan Prim. He took an active part in the triumph of the Revolution of 1868, after which he was appointed first Captain General of Andalusia and, later, of Catalonia, with the rank of Lieutenant General. He was elected senator for the province of Murcia for the legislature 1871–1872, in his parliamentary activity he was interested in the oath to King Amadeo of Savoy and the fate of the military who had refused to lend it. On August 24, 1872, he was elected deputy for the district of Seo de Urgel and re-elected on May 10, 1873, elections in which out of 2,511 voters he obtained 2,511 votes. He held the seat until the dissolution of the Cortes on January 8, 1874. As a deputy, he was one of those who voted for the proclamation of the republic in 1873. Minister of War with Estanislao Figuera, a position for which he was appointed on 30 April 1873, and general in chief of the Army of the North, directed the military operations aimed at facing the Carlist insurrection but could not prevent the advance of the insurgents and their consolidation with the taking of Estella. On June 7, 1873, he resigned from both positions and resigned from his job in the Army, the resignation not being admitted. He did not accept the dissolution of the Cortes by General Pavía, so on January 17, 1874, he was exiled to the Balearic Islands with four of his children. At the end of 1875 Nouvilas was considered a danger to the monarchy, they were interned in the castle of Santa Catalina in Cádiz and from there he was exiled to Santa Cruz de Tenerife where he remained, with some interruption, until March 1879 when he was allowed to move back to Madrid where his wife was seriously ill.

Nouvilas was also President of the Drafting Board of the General Ordinance of the Army from 1869 to April 1871, he was also the author of some treaties on military tactics and articles in the specialized press, among them Elemental Infantry Tactics, according to the current system of war and advances of weapons, Madrid, 1860, and the light troops in campaign, Madrid, 1869.

## InfoBox

| Ramon Nouvilas | |
| --- | --- |
| Lithograph by Rufino Casado, illustration of the General Staff of the Spanish Army, by Pedro Chamorro y Baquerizo. National Library of Spain. | |
|  | |
| Spanish Minister of War | |
| **In office**
April 30, 1873  June 7, 1873 | |
| President | Estanislao Figueras |
| Preceded by | Juan Acosta Muñoz |
| Succeeded by | Nicolás Estévanez |
| Member of the Congress of Deputies | |
| **In office**
September 19, 1872  January 8, 1874 | |
| Captain General of Catalonia | |
| **In office**
1868–1869 | |
| Preceded by | Joaquim de Bassols i de Maranyosa |
| Succeeded by | Eugenio de Gaminde y Lafont |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1812-12-18)December 18, 1812
Castelló d'Empúries, Catalonia, Spain |
| Died | May 30, 1880(1880-05-30) (aged 67)
Madrid, Community of Madrid, Spain |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Spain |
| Branch | Spanish Army |
| Years of service | 1833 — 1876 |
| Battles/wars | First Carlist War
Glorious Revolution
Third Carlist War |
|  | |


title: Rakipsiz

abstract: Rakipsiz (Unrivaled) is the tenth studio album by Turkish singer Demet Akalın. It was released on 7 November 2016 by Doğan Music Company. A music video for the album's lead single "Hayalet" was also released on the same day. The album ranked first on D&R's Best-Selling list in Turkey.

text:
# Rakipsiz

***Rakipsiz*** (*Unrivaled*) is the tenth studio album by Turkish singer Demet Akalın. It was released on 7 November 2016 by Doğan Music Company. A music video for the album's lead single "Hayalet" was also released on the same day. The album ranked first on D&R's Best-Selling list in Turkey.

## Background

For her previous album *Pırlanta*, which was released in June 2015, Akalın made six different music videos. To collect new songs for this album Akalın worked with the likes of Sinan Akçıl and Volga Tamöz. To mark the anniversary of the 20th year of her career, she published the album's name and cover on her social media accounts.

The photographs for *Rakipsiz* were taken by Müjdat Kupsi. During the album's preparation process Akalın continued to share sections of the songs on social media, and the album's final teaser was released by the production company DMC on YouTube, one night before its eventual distribution.

## Music and lyrics

To mark the 20th year of her career, Akalın worked with many artists, including Ayla Çelik, Berkay, Berksan, Buray, Berk Telkıvıran, Çağrı Telkıvıran, Erdem Kınay, Erhan Bayrak, Gökhan Özen, Gökhan Tepe, Gülşen, Gözde Ançel, Reşit Gözdamla, Murat Güneş, Murat Yeter, Okan Akı, Ozan Çolakoğlu, Özlem Argon, Sinan Akçıl, Sirel, Şebnem Sungur, Taşkın Sabah, Turaç Berkay Özer and Volga Tamöz. Akalın, who had worked on the album for two years, described it as "a satisfying work". Considered a pop album, *Rakipsiz* contains sixteen songs. Akalın also announced on her Twitter account that in the lead song "Hayalet", Edis was featured as a backing vocalist. The song was written and composed by Gülşen. In the song "Gazino", written and composed by Sirel, Mehmet Ali Erbil and Fatih Ürek's audio samples were used. Sinan Akçıl wrote and composed the song "Dürbün" and his vocals were featured at the song's beginning.

## Critical reception

*Milliyet*'s Ali Eyüboğlu liked the album and pointed out that it was released "to not just be a profit, but to make a name" and added: "There are no vain songs in the album because it's a great thing to be able to listen to 16 songs by other artists on an album by a singer who doesn't write and compose them." Writing for *Habertürk*, Oben Budak gave "the album that Demet Akalın has worked for a lot" a positive review and added: "This time the album's 'expense' portion is at maximum level. \[...\] We can call her the best song collector. There's a lot of things Demet has added to the songs \[with her voice\], but she has an ear that can easily find the compositions that could become hits." *Hürriyet*'s Naim Dilmener gave the album three out of five stars and wrote: "An album full of songs that are generally accepted and viewed as 'Demet Akalın sound', although there are some light touches or interventions added to the musical structures of the songs." *Akşam*'s Esin Övet also wrote: "With the right song choices, we can go through many more years with the songs of Demet Akalın, and cry and laugh with them."

## Release

At a concert for *Rakipsiz*'s promotion, Akalın talked about Gülşen's decision to give her a new song for the album: "I didn't expect it from Gülşen, but she said it's your twentieth year. I'll postpone the album's release until I receive the song from her, and I value her work because she's a master when it comes to songwriting." On 7 November 2016, the album was made available on Spotify. On the same day, the physical sales for the album began. In an interview with Özge Ulusoy on *Lifetime Turkey* she said: "We didn't postpone the album's release because of Gülşen's song, Gülşen added the song to the album when it was ready." She insisted that the song had been prepared since a long time ago and said that there was a misunderstanding.

## Promotion

To promote *Rakipsiz*, Akalın released a music video for its lead single "Hayalet" on 11 November. The album's cover appeared on a number of billboards in Istanbul. Later on 13 November, Akalın performed "Hayalet" at the 43rd Golden Butterfly Awards. It was followed by music videos for the songs "Ah Ulan Sevda", "Nazar", "Damga Damga", and "Bu Defa Son".

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Composer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Hayalet" | Gülşen | Gülşen | 3:43 |
| 2. | "Nazar" | Gökhan Özen | Gökhan Özen | 3:17 |
| 3. | "Altın Kafes" | Özlem Argo and demet akalin | Reşit Gözdamla tugba ozerk and demet akalin | 3:39 |
| 4. | "50 Cevapsız Arama" | Berksan and demet akalin | Turaç Berkay Özer yildiz tilbe and demet akalin | 2:49 |
| 5. | "Damga Damga" | Murat Güneş and demet akalin | Volga Tamöz betul demir and demet akalin | 3:37 |
| 6. | "Gazino" | Murat Yeter and demet akalin | Sirel tugba ozerk and demet akalin | 4:05 |
| 7. | "Ah Ulan Sevda" | Ayla Çelik | Gökhan Tepe | 3:51 |
| 8. | "Vereceksen Ver" | Şebnem Sungur | Ayla Çelik & Gökhan Tepe | 3:51 |
| 9. | "Bu Defa Son" | Gözde Ançel | Buray | 3:38 |
| 10. | "Cinayet" | Gökhan Özen | Gökhan Özen | 4:19 |
| 11. | "Dürbün" | Sinan Akçıl | Sinan Akçıl | 3:21 |
| 12. | "Rakipsiz" | Murat Güneş | Volga Tamöz | 3:38 |
| 13. | "Kaybedenler Kulübü" | Gökhan Özen | Gökhan Özen | 3:35 |
| 14. | "Hürmetler" | Murat Güneş | Volga Tamöz | 3:24 |
| 15. | "Tabu" | Berkay | Berk Telkıvıran | 4:01 |
| 16. | "Efeler" | Ayla Çelik | Ayla Çelik | 3:41 |
| Total length: | | | | 59:05 |

## Personnel

* Production: Doğan Music Company
* Producer: Okan Kurt
* Supervisor: Demet Akalın
* General coordinator: Özden Bora
* Photography and cover designing: Müjdat Küpşi
* Styling: Bener Hamamcı
* General design of cardboard: Özlem Semiz
* Printing: GD Ofset
* Studios: Kaya Müzik, Yeters & Lonca, Volga Tamöz's Studio, Bayrak Record's, KNY Müzik Production (Erdem Kınay), Marşandiz Studios, Soundcheck Music PROD, Stüdyo Hiperaktif

## Charts

| Chart (2016) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Turkey (D&R Best-Selling) | 1 |
|

## Sales

| Country | Sales |
| --- | --- |
| Turkey (MÜ-YAP) | 70,000 |
|

## Release history

| Country | Date | Format(s) | Label | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Turkey | 7 November 2016 | CD **·**  digital download | Doğan Music Company |  |
| Worldwide | 11 November 2016 | | Digital download |  |

## InfoBox

| Rakipsiz | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Demet Akalın | |
| Released | 7 November 2016 |
| Recorded | 2016 |
| Genre | Pop |
| Length | 59:05 |
| Label | DMC |
| Producer | Samsun Demir |
| Demet Akalın chronology | |
| *Pırlanta*
(2015) ***Rakipsiz***
(2016) *Ateş*
(2019) | |


title: USS Growler (1812 schooner)

abstract: USS Growler was a 53-ton wooden schooner of 5 guns that served in the War of 1812, changing hands three times. The United States purchased Growler as Experiment on Lake Ontario during 1812, and was first commanded by Sailing Master M.P. Mix. She was actively employed with Isaac Chauncey's squadron on Lake Ontario from 1812 to 1814. Growler took part in attacks on Kingston, York, and Fort George, and the engagement with the British squadron 7–11 August 1813. The British captured her on 10 August 1813, but USS Sylph recaptured her on 5 October 1813. Growler was libelled and purchased by the United States Navy, rejoining the squadron. The British captured her again 5 May 1814 at Oswego, New York, and she was taken into the Royal Navy as HMS Hamilton.

text:
# USS Growler (1812 schooner)

**USS *Growler*** was a 53-ton wooden schooner of 5 guns that served in the War of 1812, changing hands three times.

The United States purchased *Growler* as *Experiment* on Lake Ontario during 1812, and was first commanded by Sailing Master M.P. Mix. She was actively employed with Isaac Chauncey's squadron on Lake Ontario from 1812 to 1814. *Growler* took part in attacks on Kingston, York, and Fort George, and the engagement with the British squadron 7–11 August 1813.

The British captured her on 10 August 1813, but USS *Sylph* recaptured her on 5 October 1813. *Growler* was libelled and purchased by the United States Navy, rejoining the squadron.

The British captured her again 5 May 1814 at Oswego, New York, and she was taken into the Royal Navy as HMS *Hamilton*.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| History | |
| United States | |
| Name | USS *Growler* |
| Launched | As *Experiment* |
| Acquired | Purchased, 1812 |
| Fate | Captured by the British, 10 August 1813 |
| United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS *Growler* |
| Acquired | 10 August 1813 |
| Fate | Re-captured by the Americans, 5 October 1813 |
| United States | |
| Name | *Growler* |
| Acquired | 5 October 1813 |
| Fate | Captured by the British, 5 May 1814 |
| United Kingdom | |
| Name | HMS *Hamilton* |
| Acquired | 5 May 1814 |
| General characteristics | |
| Type | Schooner |
| Tons burthen | 53 (bm) |
| Propulsion | Sail |
| Armament | * 4 × 4-pounder guns * 1 × 32-pounder carronade |


title: Pennsylvania LGBT Equality Caucus

abstract: The Pennsylvania LGBT Equality Caucus is an organization of sitting members of the Pennsylvania General Assembly who are in favor of equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender Pennsylvanians. It was formed on December 19, 2011, with Representatives Dan Frankel and Babette Josephs serving as the first co-chairs, and is open to all sexual orientations and gender identities. Ironically, unlike other LGBT-focused caucuses in other state or federal legislatures which are formed around openly LGBT sitting legislators, the Pennsylvania was formed without any openly LGBT sitting legislators, as none had yet been elected to political positions at the time of its formation. The caucus now has two out members. They are Rep. Brian Sims and Rep. Mike Fleck. Sims became the first openly gay man to be elected to the General Assembly in November 2012; Mike Fleck, an incumbent, came out after the election.

text:
# Pennsylvania LGBT Equality Caucus

The **Pennsylvania LGBT Equality Caucus** is an organization of sitting members of the Pennsylvania General Assembly who are in favor of equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender Pennsylvanians. It was formed on December 19, 2011, with Representatives Dan Frankel and Babette Josephs serving as the first co-chairs, and is open to all sexual orientations and gender identities.

Ironically, unlike other LGBT-focused caucuses in other state or federal legislatures which are formed around openly LGBT sitting legislators (i.e., the LGBT Equality Caucus in the U.S. Congress), the Pennsylvania was formed without any openly LGBT sitting legislators, as none had yet been elected to political positions at the time of its formation.

The caucus now has two out members. They are Rep. Brian Sims (D – 182) and Rep. Mike Fleck (R – 81). Sims became the first openly gay man to be elected to the General Assembly in November 2012; Mike Fleck, an incumbent, came out after the election.

## Members

As of May 2013, 58 members of Pennsylvania General Assembly are members of the Pennsylvania LGBT Equality Caucus.

Pennsylvania House of Representatives:

1. Brendan F. Boyle (D–District 170)
2. Kevin J. Boyle (D–District 172)
3. Matthew Bradford (D–District 70)
4. Tim Briggs (D–District 149)
5. Vanessa L. Brown (D–District 190)
6. Michelle Brownlee (D–District 195)
7. James Clay (D–District 179)
8. Mark B. Cohen (D–District 202)
9. Dom Costa (D–District 21)
10. Paul Costa (D–District 34)
11. Angel Cruz (D–District 180)
12. Mary Jo Daley (D–District 148)
13. Tina Davis (D–District 141)
14. Madeleine Dean (D–District 153)
15. Pamela Delissio (D–District 194)
16. Frank Dermody (D–District 33) (Floor Leader)
17. Dwight E. Evans (D–District 203)
18. Florindo Fabrizio (D–District 2)
19. Mike Fleck (R–District 81)
20. Dan Frankel (D–District 23) **(Co-chair)** (Caucus Chairperson)
21. Edward Gainey (D–District 24)
22. Pat Harkins (D–District 1)
23. Jordan Harris (D–District 186)
24. William F. Keller (D–District 184)
25. Patty Kim (D–District 103)
26. Stephen Kinsey (D–District 201)
27. Thaddeus Kirkland (D–District 159)
28. Steven McCarter (D–District 154)
29. Michael McGeehan (D–District 173)
30. Daniel T. McNeill (D–District 133)
31. Erin Molchany (D–District 22)
32. Phyllis Mundy (D–District 120)
33. Tom Murt (R–District 152)
34. Michael H. O'Brien (D–District 175)
35. Mark Painter (D–District 146)
36. Cherelle Parker (D–District 200)
37. James R. Roebuck, Jr. (D–District 188)
38. L. Chris Ross (R–District 158)
39. Mark Rozzi (D–District 126)
40. Steve Santarsiero (D–District 31)
41. Michael Scholssberg (D–District 132)
42. Brian Sims (D–District 182)
43. Mike Sturla (D–District 96) (Policy Committee Chairman)
44. Jake Wheatley (D–District 19)
45. Rosita Youngblood (D–District 198)

Pennsylvania State Senate:

1. John Blake (D–District 22)
2. Larry Farnese (D–District 1)
3. Jim Ferlo (D–District 38)
4. Vincent Hughes (D–District 7) (Appropriations Committee Chairman)
5. Daylin Leach (D–District 17) **(Co-chair)**
6. Judy Schwank (D–District 11)
7. Sharif Street (D-District 3)
8. Christine Tartaglione (D–District 2) (Caucus Secretary)
9. Anthony H. Williams (D–District 8) (Whip)


title: William Lochren

abstract: William Lochren was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota.

text:
# William Lochren

**William Lochren** (April 3, 1832 – January 27, 1912) was a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota.

## Education and career

Born in County Tyrone, Ireland (now Northern Ireland), Lochren read law to enter the bar in 1856. He entered private practice in St. Anthony, Minnesota Territory (State of Minnesota from May 11, 1858) from 1856 to 1861. He served as an alderman and later as city attorney of St. Anthony. He was in the United States Army as a Lieutenant from 1861 to 1863, during the American Civil War. He resumed private practice in Minneapolis, Minnesota from 1864 to 1881. He was a member of the Minnesota Senate from 1869 to 1870. He was city attorney of Minneapolis from 1877 to 1878. He was a Judge of the Minnesota District Court for the Fourth Judicial District of Minnesota from 1881 to 1893. He was Commissioner of Pensions for the Bureau of Pensions in the United States Department of the Interior from 1893 to 1896.

## Federal judicial service

Lochren was nominated by President Grover Cleveland on May 15, 1896, to a seat on the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota vacated by Judge Rensselaer Nelson. He was confirmed by the United States Senate on May 18, 1896, and received his commission the same day. Lochren served in that capacity until his retirement on July 11, 1908.

## Death

Lochren died on January 27, 1912, in Minneapolis.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| William Lochren | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota | |
| **In office**
May 18, 1896  July 11, 1908 | |
| Appointed by | Grover Cleveland |
| Preceded by | Rensselaer Nelson |
| Succeeded by | Milton D. Purdy |
| Member of the Minnesota Senate | |
| **In office**
1869-1870 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | William Lochren
(1832-04-03)April 3, 1832
County Tyrone, Ireland |
| Died | January 27, 1912(1912-01-27) (aged 79)
Minneapolis, Minnesota |
| Education | read law |
|  | |


title: Limehouse Conservation Area

abstract: Limehouse Conservation Area is located on the Niagara Escarpment near Limehouse, Ontario and is owned and operated by Credit Valley Conservation. It is within the watershed of the Credit River, being bisected by its tributary, the Black Creek. Redside dace, a provincially threatened species of fish, is found there. The area is known for a system of deep rock fissures and crevices, some of which are accessible from a trail via ladders at the location known as the "Hole in the Wall". Remains of the 19th century lime kilns can be found in the area, making it a site of the regional cultural heritage.

text:
# Limehouse Conservation Area

**Limehouse Conservation Area** is located on the Niagara Escarpment near Limehouse, Ontario and is owned and operated by Credit Valley Conservation. It is within the watershed of the Credit River, being bisected by its tributary, the Black Creek. Redside dace, a provincially threatened species of fish, is found there. The area is known for a system of deep rock fissures and crevices, some of which are accessible from a trail via ladders at the location known as the "Hole in the Wall". Remains of the 19th century lime kilns (first opened in 1840 and ceased operations in 1917) can be found in the area, making it a site of the regional cultural heritage.

1. Limehouse Conservation Area Trail Map Credit Valley Conservation
2. "Redside Dace". Royal Ontario Museum. Retrieved January 29, 2008.
3. "Limehouse Trails". haltonhikes.ca. Archived from the original on January 15, 2013.
4. Egan Garneau, Rosaleen. "Forlorn but Not Forgotten: The Kilns of Limehouse". Retrieved October 22, 2022.

## InfoBox

| Limehouse Conservation Area | |
| --- | --- |
| The Hole in the Wall. | |
| Location within Ontario | |
| Location | Ontario, Canada |
| Nearest city | Limehouse |
| Coordinates | 43°38′05″N 79°58′14″W / 43.63477°N 79.9705°W / 43.63477; -79.9705 |
| Area | 190 acres (77 ha) |
| Governing body | Credit Valley Conservation |
| www.creditvalleyca.ca/enjoy-the-outdoors/conservation-areas/limehouse-conservation-area/ | |


title: Mario Theissen

abstract: Mario Theissen is the former BMW Motorsport Director and was team principal of BMW Sauber, the company's Formula One team from 2005 until 2009, when BMW sold the team back to Peter Sauber.

text:
# Mario Theissen

**Mario Theissen** (born 17 August 1952 in Monschau, Germany) is the former BMW Motorsport Director and was team principal of BMW Sauber, the company's Formula One team from 2005 until 2009, when BMW sold the team back to Peter Sauber.

## Career

After graduating from RWTH Aachen University with a diplom in mechanical engineering, Theissen joined BMW in the engine calculation department in 1977. Over the following years he took on various responsibilities in BMW's engine development division and in 1989 gained a doctorate in engineering from the Ruhr University in Bochum. In 1991 he was made head of Product Concepts at BMW and a year later became Director of Advanced Drivetrain Development. In 1994 he was promoted to Director of BMW Technik GmbH.

In 1998, in addition to his job as head of BMW Technik, he took on the task of setting up the BMW Technology Office in Palo Alto, California.

He became BMW Motorsport Director alongside Gerhard Berger in April 1999 with oversight of BMW's Formula One team and other motorsport activities, including BMW's factory entries in the World Touring Car Championship and the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

BMW entered Formula One supplying turbo engines to Brabham in the 1980s, and Nelson Piquet became world champion with that car in 1983. Later, BMW set a partnership agreement with Williams Racing in 1998. In 2001, BMW was credited with having the most powerful engine on the grid. While achieving notable successes, such as a strong championship challenge in 2003, the relationship between team and engine maker began to deteriorate. During the course of the 2004 and 2005 F1 seasons, Theissen increasingly became publicly critical of the Williams team's inability to create a package capable of winning the constructor's championship or even multiple victories within a single season. However, Williams blamed BMW for not producing a good enough engine. This public deterioration of the relationship between BMW and Williams, and between Theissen and Patrick Head in particular, was a factor in BMW's decision to buy Sauber.

Theissen was made team principal of the resulting BMW Sauber team, and in their first season, they achieved 5th in the constructors championship, both a considerable improvement on Sauber's previous season and a match for Williams' previous position in the standings. In 2007 the BMW Sauber team finished 2nd in the World Constructors Championship after McLaren-Mercedes were excluded following a spying episode. In the 2008 Canadian Grand Prix Robert Kubica led Nick Heidfeld to finish first and second, giving BMW its first victory as a constructor. After BMW's decision to sell the team back to Peter Sauber and depart from Formula 1, Theissen decided to leave the sport as well but retain his position as BMW Motorsport Director.

Theissen retired from BMW on 30 June 2011, to be replaced by Jens Marquardt.

## InfoBox

| Mario Theissen | |
| --- | --- |
| Mario Theissen (2015) | |
| Born | (1952-08-17) 17 August 1952 |
| Nationality | German |


title: Trevor Rogers (politician)

abstract: Trevor Vicemar Rogers is a former New Zealand member of parliament, sitting for the National Party from 1990 to 1995, then for the Right of Centre party from 1995 to 1996.

text:
# Trevor Rogers (politician)

**Trevor Vicemar Rogers** (born 18 August 1943 in Auckland) is a former New Zealand member of parliament, sitting for the National Party from 1990 to 1995, then for the Right of Centre party from 1995 to 1996.

## Member of Parliament

New Zealand Parliament
| Years | Term | Electorate | | Party | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 19901993 | 43rd | Otara | |  | National |
| 19931995 | 44th | Howick | |  | National |
| 19951996 | *Changed allegiance to:* | | |  | Conservatives |

Rogers was first a member of parliament for the National Party, having previously been on several Auckland local bodies; an Auckland City Councillor 1977–1989, a member of the Auckland Regional Authority 1983–1986, and on the No 2 District Roads Council 1983–1987. In 1986, he put himself forward for the National Party nomination in the Auckland electorate of Eden. Up against three other nominees (David Phillips, Jock Parbhu and Hiwi Tauroa) he was unsuccessful.

In the 1990 election he took the Otara seat beating Taito Phillip Field, who had replaced the retiring MP Colin Moyle as the Labour candidate for the seat. He had previously stood for the Otara seat in 1987. In the 1993 election he won the new Howick seat, which comprised the eastern part of the old Otara seat.

He gained considerable public recognition for his crusade against pornography and for the open access to children studying on home computers. He wanted programs such as "Net Nanny" to be available and even compulsory in the home. Open access on the internet he saw as facilitating the distribution of pornography to minors. In 1994 he introduced a private member's bill, the *Technology and Crimes Reform Bill*. A select committee recommended against its enactment and it was defeated in the house.

On 8 June 1995, Rogers quit the National Party, having become increasingly frustrated with its refusal to pursue his policies. He joined the Right of Centre, which had been founded by another dissident conservative, Ross Meurant. The Right of Centre party restyled itself as the New Zealand Conservative Party as a result of poor opinion poll performances. After Meurant was dismissed from Government over a conflict of business interests, Meurant left the party and became an independent MP, leaving Rogers as party leader. Despite a belief that they could win 15% of the party vote in the 1996 election, the Conservatives fared badly, gaining only 0.07% of the vote New Zealand wide. Rogers lost his seat, and has never returned to Parliament.

## Life after politics

Since leaving Parliament, Rogers has managed engineering companies, principally TGR Helicorp which was placed into receivership in April 2008. TGR HElicorp was a design and manufacturing organisation focussing on unmanned helicopters, although a flying prototype was never completed. All of his other companies (shell or otherwise) were also folded and he was forced by Bank of New Zealand into bankruptcy. The status of some of the assets from his various ventures is in some doubt or dispute and forensic receivers and investigators were called in by the liquidators. Some of the missing assets that were claimed as destroyed or sold by Mr and Mrs Rogers, were later found in concurrent property searches, having been sequestered in various shipping containers around Auckland.

He was jailed for one month for contempt of court in February 2011, and again, together with his wife, in March, after failing to provide the Court with the whereabouts of the intellectual property relating to the helicopter businesses. Mr Rogers was censured for "continually lying to the court".

The Rogers have argued that the intellectual property is in their heads so can not be handed over. A counter offer made by the Rogers to the Court to recreate the intellectual property in exchange for staff, facilities and wages was dismissed by the plaintiff's attorney.


title: Weyerhaeuser Arena

abstract: The Weyerhaeuser Arena is part of the Alberni Valley Multiplex, between the North Island College campus and the Bob Dailey Stadium in Port Alberni, British Columbia. It has twin ice sheets for hockey, figure skating and recreational skating but also has the capacity for concerts, conventions and other events. The arena has been the home rink of the Alberni Valley Bulldogs of the BCHL since 2002, various local minor league hockey teams, and the Mt. Arrowsmith Skating Club. Public recreational skating and recreational hockey is available throughout the season. Among other sports, the multiplex also provides a venue for lacrosse. In 2022, the Alberni Valley Bulldogs installed a new LED video screen to be used during games for instant replay, among other things.

text:
# Weyerhaeuser Arena

The **Weyerhaeuser Arena** is part of the Alberni Valley Multiplex, between the North Island College campus and the Bob Dailey Stadium in Port Alberni, British Columbia. It has twin ice sheets for hockey, figure skating and recreational skating but also has the capacity for concerts, conventions and other events.

The arena has been the home rink of the Alberni Valley Bulldogs of the BCHL since 2002, various local minor league hockey teams, and the Mt. Arrowsmith Skating Club. Public recreational skating and recreational hockey is available throughout the season. Among other sports, the multiplex also provides a venue for lacrosse.

In 2022, the Alberni Valley Bulldogs installed a new LED video screen to be used during games for instant replay, among other things.

49°15′22″N 124°47′28″W / 49.25600°N 124.79109°W / 49.25600; -124.79109

## InfoBox

Weyerhaeuser Arena
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Port Alberni, British Columbia, Canada |
| Owner | City of Port Alberni |
| Capacity | 1,854 (Hockey) |
| Construction | |
| Opened | June, 2001 |
| Construction cost | $7.4 million |
| Tenants | |
| Alberni Valley Bulldogs (BCHL) (2002present)<br>Mt. Arrowsmith Skating Club | |


title: Rand Club

abstract: The Rand Club is a private members' club in Johannesburg, South Africa, founded in October 1887. The current (third) clubhouse was designed by architects Leck & Emley in 1902 and its construction completed in 1904. Cecil John Rhodes helped to select the location. Reconceived in 2016, it changed policy to welcome members regardless of race or gender, rent rooms to overnight guests, and host weddings and other events for nonmembers.

text:
# Rand Club

The **Rand Club** is a private members' club in Johannesburg, South Africa, founded in October 1887. The current (third) clubhouse was designed by architects Leck & Emley in 1902 and its construction completed in 1904. Cecil John Rhodes helped to select the location. Reconceived in 2016, it changed policy to welcome members regardless of race or gender, rent rooms to overnight guests, and host weddings and other events for nonmembers.

## History

The club was founded only a year after the city of Johannesburg itself was formed. The need for such an establishment was felt as, in the burgeoning gold rush tent town of the time, there was little infrastructure and no suitable locale for distinguished visitors or pioneers to call in or be received at. It is said that Cecil John Rhodes was walking along the newly laid-out Marshall's Township together with Dr Hans Sauer, the first District Surgeon of the Transvaal Republic; both of them stopped at the intersection of what is now Commissioner and Loveday streets, with Rhodes proclaiming that “this place will do for a club.”

The first subscribers, who became the founding members, received two plots as a voluntary contribution and purchased two additional ones in order to ensure that the future building provided spacious facilities. The construction of the first clubhouse promptly began with the erection of a simple single-story structure, housing a bar, a billiards room, four conference rooms, and offices for the chairman and the secretary. This quickly proved inadequate and this structure was demolished to make way for a double-story Victorian building, then deemed the finest in Johannesburg, with colonnaded verandas, trelliswork, French windows, and Corinthian pillars. By 1902, this too proved inadequate and was replaced with the current, third, clubhouse.

The club and its members have played important parts and have held notable positions in South African history. Mining magnates such as Sir Jilius Jeppe, Sir Hermann Eckstein and Sir Lionel Phillips were instrumental in turning the Witwatersrand into the largest goldfield in the world, as well as for sponsoring the construction of the Johannesburg Art Gallery and donating important pieces of art to it. Rhodes's associate, Dr Leander Starr Jameson, together with his fellow plotters from the Transvaal Reform Committee plotted the overthrow of the government of the Transvaal from the club's Main Bar. The club was one of the targets of the striking miners during the Rand Rebellion of 1922 and was briefly barricaded during the disturbances.

## Clubhouse

### Architecture and interiors

The current clubhouse was completed in 1904 on the design of prominent architects William Leck and Frank Emley in the Edwardian neo-baroque style. It is said that Emley drew inspiration from Michelangelo’s Church of the Sacred Heart in Florence and from the Reform Club in London. The front façade of the building has a rusticated ground floor and is adorned with porticoes and Doric pillars. A notable feature is the specific incorporation of two half-moon wooden benches flanking the front doors, as by 1904 it was already an established tradition for some members to sit at the front and observe passing street life.

The six-story building houses the longest bar in Africa, at 31 metres (103 feet), a billiards room, a private theatre, a double-volume staircase illuminated by a mosaic dome, two libraries, a ballroom, an armory, six conference rooms of various volumes, office space, and three bedrooms. The top two floors are still under restoration following a fire in June 2005 that destroyed the top two floors of the building.

### Art collection

The club's most prominent artwork, a Pietro Annigoni of Queen Elizabeth II, was destroyed by the fire in June 2005. The club interiors are adorned by sculptures and paintings from some of the most prominent South African artists, past and current.

### Library

The main Buckland Library houses in excess of 10,000 volumes, some of which are of historic and scholarly interest. The club is acknowledged as one of the notable private collections of Africa, with some volumes dating back to the 19th century. Apart from books on Africa, the club is a veritable depository in the fields of Johannesburg history and biographies. With a number of its members being published authors in their own right, the library has a separate section of works by Sir Lionel Phillips and Anthony Akerman, amongst others.

### Royal residence

The club is unique in that it was used not once, but twice, as an official residence by members of the British royal family on their official visits to South Africa in the 1920s and 1930s.

## Governance

### General meetings and committee

The governance of the club vests with the members in general meeting. An annual general meeting is traditionally held on 20 November, with additional meetings as the need arises. Members traditionally elect a General Committee to perform the oversight over daily functions and management.

### Internal clubs

Rand Club has various clubs within itself, of which the most notable are the Hunting, Shooting & Fishing Club, the Business Club, the Historical Association, the Theatre & Cinema Club, and the Young Members’ Think Tank. Each of these clubs-within-the club hosts its own regular events, dinners, and celebrations.

26°12′22″S 28°02′29″E / 26.206063°S 28.041309°E / -26.206063; 28.041309

## InfoBox

| Rand Club | |
| --- | --- |
| Rand Club, 33 Loveday St, Marshalltown Johannesburg | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Status | Completed |
| Type | Business-use |
| Location | Johannesburg, South Africa |
| Completed | 1904 |
| Height | |
| Roof | 34 m (111 ft) |
| Technical details | |
| Floor count | 5 |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Leck & Emley |


title: Mahbubey Alam

abstract: Mahbubey Alam was a Bangladeshi politician, designated senior counsel, and Attorney General of Bangladesh. He was appointed attorney general on 13 January 2009. He was a senior advocate at the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. He had served earlier as additional attorney general from 15 November 1998 to 4 October 2001.

text:
# Mahbubey Alam

**Mahbubey Alam** (17 February 1949 – 27 September 2020) was a Bangladeshi politician, designated senior counsel, and Attorney General of Bangladesh. He was appointed attorney general on 13 January 2009. He was a senior advocate at the Supreme Court of Bangladesh. He had served earlier as additional attorney general from 15 November 1998 to 4 October 2001.

## Biography

Alam was born in Mouchhamandra village in Louhajang in Munshiganj(Bikrampur) on 17 February 1949. He studied at University of Dhaka, obtaining his Bachelor of Arts in Political Science (1968), Master of Arts in Public Administration (1969), and LL.B degree (1972). He also attained diplomas in constitutional law and parliamentary institutions and procedures in 1979 from the Institute of Constitutional and Parliamentary Studies (ICPS) in New Delhi.

He began his law career at the High Court Division of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh in January 1975 and became a lawyer of the Bangladesh Supreme Court, Appellate Division in 1980. He was the Chairman of the Bangladesh Bar Council from 13 January 2009 to 30 June 2018. He was Additional Attorney General for Bangladesh from 15 November 1998 to 4 October 2001. He was Attorney General of Bangladesh from 13 January 2009 until his death in 2020.

## Death

Mahbubey Alam was admitted to Combined Military Hospital on 4 September 2020 after being diagnosed with COVID-19 during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh and died on 27 September. A Namaz-e-Janaza was held at the Supreme Court on 28 September 2020, and Alam was buried at Mirpur Martyred Intellectual Graveyard.

## InfoBox

| Mahbubey Alam | |
| --- | --- |
| মাহবুবে আলম | |
| Alam in 2017 | |
|  | |
| 15th Attorney General of Bangladesh | |
| **In office**
13 January 2009  27 September 2020 | |
| Appointed by | Iajuddin Ahmed |
| President | Iajuddin Ahmed
Zillur Rahman
Mohammad Abdul Hamid |
| Preceded by | Salahuddin Ahmad |
| Succeeded by | AM Amin Uddin |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1949-02-17)17 February 1949
Munshiganj, East Bengal, Dominion of Pakistan |
| Died | 27 September 2020(2020-09-27) (aged 71)
Dhaka, Bangladesh |
| Cause of death | COVID-19 |
| Nationality | Bangladeshi |
| Alma mater | University of Dhaka |
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title: Pennsylvania Keystoners

abstract: The Pennsylvania Keystoners was the idea for an American football team thought up by then-Pittsburgh Pirates owner, Art Rooney, in 1939 to have a single National Football League franchise based in both Pittsburgh and Philadelphia. The team would play half of its home games in each location. During their early histories, the Pirates and the Eagles were among the weakest in the league. In his first eight years of operating the Pittsburgh franchise, Pirates founder Art Rooney was estimated to have lost $100,000. Meanwhile, the Eagles were owned by a syndicate headed by Bert Bell, however the team lost $80,000 and 21 games in its first three seasons. Soon all of the team's investors left the franchise, and by the end of the 1935 season Bert Bell had the Eagles to himself. He became the coach, general manager, scout and public relations director, and took to selling tickets on downtown Philadelphia street corners. Because the rent was cheap, the team played in the 102,000 seat Municipal Stadium before at least 100,000 empty seats. According to one account, one rainy Sunday, only 50 people showed up for a game against the Brooklyn Dodgers; Bell invited those few fans up to the covered press box, where he provided free coffee and hot dogs. Neither the Eagles nor the Pirates-Steelers had posted a winning record in their first eight years of existence. Losses on the field were compounded by the combined loss of about $190,000 in Depression dollars. The Steelers were so bad that Rooney sold them at the end of the 1940 season to Alexis Thompson, a 26-year-old steel heir from Boston frequently described in the press as "a well-heeled New York City playboy". Thompson renamed the Steelers the Ironmen, but he planned to move the franchise to Boston and play games in Fenway Park. Eagles owner Bert Bell brokered the deal between Rooney and Thompson for $160,000, and Rooney used $80,000 of the proceeds to buy a partnership in the Eagles, which at the time was owned by Bell. The deal also involved the trade of several players between the two teams. The two owners planned to field a combined Philadelphia-Pittsburgh team called the Keystoners that would play home games in both cities. The original proposition was that Thompson would buy the franchise and take the Pittsburgh club to Boston and Bell and Rooney would pool their interests in the Eagles to form a Philadelphia-Pittsburgh club, splitting the home games between Forbes Field in Pittsburgh and Philadelphia's Municipal Stadium. Thompson, however, was unable to secure a place to play in Boston. After meeting with Rooney, plans changed whereby Thompson's club would play in Philadelphia as the Eagles, while the Rooney-Bell owned team would play in Pittsburgh as the Steelers, effectively trading the two clubs between their cities. Before the 1941 season, Rooney returned the name to Steelers back from the Ironmen. Bell began the season as the Steelers' coach, but after two losses, Rooney hired Aldo Donelli. Bell continued as part owner of the Steelers until 1946 when he was elected NFL commissioner. Bell served as commissioner until 1959 when he died of a heart attack at Franklin Field in Philadelphia during a game between two teams he had helped form, the Steelers and the Eagles. The notion for a single team between the two cities was revived, when for one season in 1943, forced to do so by player shortfalls brought on by World War II, the two clubs temporarily merged as the Philadelphia-Pittsburgh "Steagles". The league only approved the merger for one year; Pittsburgh was willing to merge again for 1944 but not Philadelphia. This forced the Steelers to merge with the Chicago Cardinals for 1944.

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# Pennsylvania Keystoners

The **Pennsylvania Keystoners** was the idea for an American football team thought up by then-Pittsburgh Pirates owner, Art Rooney, in 1939 to have a single National Football League franchise based in both Pittsburgh and Philadelphia. The team would play half of its home games in each location.

During their early histories, the Pirates and the Eagles were among the weakest in the league. In his first eight years of operating the Pittsburgh franchise, Pirates founder Art Rooney was estimated to have lost $100,000. Meanwhile, the Eagles were owned by a syndicate headed by Bert Bell, however the team lost $80,000 and 21 games in its first three seasons. Soon all of the team's investors left the franchise, and by the end of the 1935 season Bert Bell had the Eagles to himself. He became the coach, general manager, scout and public relations director, and took to selling tickets on downtown Philadelphia street corners. Because the rent was cheap, the team played in the 102,000 seat Municipal Stadium before at least 100,000 empty seats. According to one account, one rainy Sunday, only 50 people showed up for a game against the Brooklyn Dodgers; Bell invited those few fans up to the covered press box, where he provided free coffee and hot dogs. Neither the Eagles nor the Pirates-Steelers had posted a winning record in their first eight years of existence. Losses on the field were compounded by the combined loss of about $190,000 in Depression dollars.

The Steelers were so bad that Rooney sold them at the end of the 1940 season to Alexis Thompson, a 26-year-old steel heir from Boston frequently described in the press as "a well-heeled New York City playboy". Thompson renamed the Steelers the Ironmen, but he planned to move the franchise to Boston and play games in Fenway Park. Eagles owner Bert Bell brokered the deal between Rooney and Thompson for $160,000, and Rooney used $80,000 of the proceeds to buy a partnership in the Eagles, which at the time was owned by Bell. The deal also involved the trade of several players between the two teams.

The two owners planned to field a combined Philadelphia-Pittsburgh team called the Keystoners that would play home games in both cities. The original proposition was that Thompson would buy the franchise and take the Pittsburgh club to Boston and Bell and Rooney would pool their interests in the Eagles to form a Philadelphia-Pittsburgh club, splitting the home games between Forbes Field in Pittsburgh and Philadelphia's Municipal Stadium. Thompson, however, was unable to secure a place to play in Boston. After meeting with Rooney, plans changed whereby Thompson's club (ostensibly the former Steelers) would play in Philadelphia as the Eagles, while the Rooney-Bell owned team would play in Pittsburgh as the Steelers, effectively trading the two clubs between their cities.

Before the 1941 season, Rooney returned the name to Steelers back from the Ironmen. Bell began the season as the Steelers' coach, but after two losses, Rooney hired Aldo Donelli. Bell continued as part owner of the Steelers until 1946 when he was elected NFL commissioner. Bell served as commissioner until 1959 when he died of a heart attack at Franklin Field in Philadelphia during a game between two teams he had helped form, the Steelers and the Eagles.

The notion for a single team between the two cities was revived, when for one season in 1943, forced to do so by player shortfalls brought on by World War II, the two clubs temporarily merged as the Philadelphia-Pittsburgh "Steagles". The league only approved the merger for one year; Pittsburgh was willing to merge again for 1944 but not Philadelphia. This forced the Steelers to merge with the Chicago Cardinals (as Card-Pitt) for 1944.