title: Women in ETA

abstract: Women in ETA in Francoist Spain were few in numbers. Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) grew out of a Basque nationalist movement with roots that pre-dated the Second Spanish Republic. When Franco seized power, the new regime cracked down on Basque nationalism, imprisoned and killed many activists and made traditional women's activism difficult to continue. Basque nationalists began to stockpile weaponry following the end of World War II. ETA was created in 1952 by students in Bilbao, creating a fissure in the Basque nationalist community by the mid-1950s.  Their attitude towards women was patriarchal and informed by their conservative Roman Catholicism.  There would be few women in the movement in this period. Women's involvement increased in the mid-1960s, usually as a result of male relatives like fathers, husbands or boyfriends.  The media began portraying these women as being one-half of a terrorist couple. ETA affiliated women began to be arrested and sent to prison. By the 1970s, female ETA members were involved in violent acts of murder against representatives of the Spanish state.  Women were also now being targeted if they were viewed as part of the state or having betrayed ETA. The death of Franco saw little change in the status of women in ETA or state actions to crack down on the terrorist organization. María Dolores Katarain had become a part of ETA leadership by the early 1980s, but was killed as a consequence of leaving. An attempt to start a peace process was underway by the mid-1980s. The creation of the 1999 ceasefire would see more women become leaders in ETA. Their presence came at the time of generational shift in organizational membership, with middle-aged male members who were willing to consider a détente with the Spanish state becoming less visible as younger members, including women, more willing to engage in violence took over.  Women were involved with bombing police officer. ETA declared a permanent end to violence in 2011.

text:
# Women in ETA

**Women in ETA in Francoist Spain** were few in numbers. Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA) grew out of a Basque nationalist movement with roots that pre-dated the Second Spanish Republic. When Franco seized power, the new regime cracked down on Basque nationalism, imprisoned and killed many activists and made traditional women's activism difficult to continue. Basque nationalists began to stockpile weaponry following the end of World War II. ETA was created in 1952 by students in Bilbao, creating a fissure in the Basque nationalist community by the mid-1950s. Their attitude towards women was patriarchal and informed by their conservative Roman Catholicism. There would be few women in the movement in this period.

Women's involvement increased in the mid-1960s, usually as a result of male relatives like fathers, husbands or boyfriends. The media began portraying these women as being one-half of a terrorist couple. ETA affiliated women began to be arrested and sent to prison. By the 1970s, female ETA members were involved in violent acts of murder against representatives of the Spanish state. Women were also now being targeted if they were viewed as part of the state or having betrayed ETA. The death of Franco saw little change in the status of women in ETA or state actions to crack down on the terrorist organization. María Dolores Katarain had become a part of ETA leadership by the early 1980s, but was killed as a consequence of leaving. An attempt to start a peace process was underway by the mid-1980s. The creation of the 1999 ceasefire would see more women become leaders in ETA. Their presence came at the time of generational shift in organizational membership, with middle-aged male members who were willing to consider a détente with the Spanish state becoming less visible as younger members, including women, more willing to engage in violence took over. Women were involved with bombing police officer. ETA declared a permanent end to violence in 2011.

## Timeline

The regime's relation to the Basque language and Basque nationalism has three periods. The first was from the fall of Bilbao in 1937 to the mid-1950s, and it involved active suppression. The second phase was from 1955 to 1975. In this period, the government accepted they could not fully suppress Basque language usage, and consequently became more tolerant of it. The third phase was from 1975 to 1982. Starting before the death of Franco, this period started a period of reconciliation around the Basque language and Basque culture.

### 1937-1955 (active suppression)

After the Carlist Wars, the abolition of the fueros and the boom of industrialization that brought with it a strong immigration and a great change in a short time for the Biscayan society, Sabino Arana founded the Basque Nationalist Party in 1895 with the aim of achieving the independence of "Euzkadi" (the Basque territories) and founding a Basque State. The party maintained a conflictive relationship with Carlism, since Basque nationalists accused the party of being "Spanish," and Carlists, on the other hand, accused the accused party of being for a "separatist" and "unpatriotic" Basque nationalism.

The Spanish Civil War started in July 1936. Immediately in areas controlled by Francoist forces, women's activism was crushed. By April 1939 when the Spanish Civil War concluded, Franco had forcibly made the Basque Country and Basque culture part of the "great household" of a united Spain.

The Basque Country in the early Franco period saw many people being subjected to mass arrest and imprisonment, along with many people being killed. The regime engaged in an active suppression of all nationalist expressions across Spain, impacting Basques, Catalans and others. National flags were prohibited. All languages by Spanish were banned. Basque cultural symbols were replaced by those of Spanish National Catholicism.

Following Franco's victory over the forces of the Second Republic, his government ruled militarily as if they were an occupying force. Consequently, this resulted in many people inside Spain feeling alien inside their own land. Franco supported this attitude, saying on 3 April 1939, "Spaniards, alert, peace is not a comfortable and cowardly repose against history. The blood of those who fell for the Homeland does not allow for forgetfulness, sterility or betrayal Spanish. Be alert. Spain is still at war against all enemies from within or from abroad."

In the Basque Country, following the Nationalist seizing control of the area, women found themselves being investigated by the new regime. In Biscay, over 300 different women were investigated in this period. Many were also imprisoned. They were subject to scrutiny because people accused them of being involved with or having sympathies for groups like PCE, UGT, Partido Nacionalista Vasco (PNV), and Emakume Abertzaleen Batzak.

Starting at the end of the Spanish Civil War, Basque nationalists began to stockpile weaponry. They also began to train members in weapons use out of fear of the growing risk of illegal violence toward them by right wing actors. This accelerated during the 1940s as a result of World War II, when French Basques were active in their resistance to Nazi Germany.

The 1950s were a period which saw support for Basque nationalism split between the PNV and ETA. ETA was founded in 1952 at the University of Duesto in Bilbao. The organizations founders were unhappy with what they saw as the failure of the Basque Nationalist Party to unify the Basque people in hatred against the Spanish state following a failed strike effort in 1952 in Bilbao. The seven founders believed PNV was ineffective because they were not engaging in active, violent opposition to the regime. ETA grew in the summer of 1953 when they recruited two smaller organizations into their own. In this period, the organization was known as Ekin and was dominated by students and young people. They began to get more members and adherents, and soon caught the attention of the Basque Nationalist Party. PNV invited ETA to merge with them, and negotiations for this took place between 1954 and 1957, with the original group finally agreeing to dissolve and become a youth branch called Euzko Gaztedi. The next two years would be filled with tension as PNV leadership and Ekin battled it out over ideological differences in their approach to nationalist goals. This would come to a head with ETA being formed in 1959 by Euzko Gaztedi members, who announced the split by spray painting "ETA" on walls in Basque cities. The group then set an original founding day on 31 July because of its significance as the feast day of the patron saint of Guipúzcoa and Vizcaya provinces, Saint Ignacio de Loyola. In ETA's early history, women rarely held influential positions within the organization.

### 1955 - 1975 (reduced suppression)

Until the mid-1950s, Spain was crippled by an economic crisis coupled with a government imposed repressive society and culture that demanded uniformity and compliance. Many times Basque nationalism was on the wane during the Francoist period. Regime crackdowns on the movement would serve to continually re-activate it. ETA had a general policy of not targeting women.

Women were not actively involved with ETA early in the organization's history. This was because the organization had conservative Roman Catholic roots, which included the idea that women belonged in the home. Wives of Basque nationalists could become socially isolated as a result of their husband's involvement as the organization asked them to avoid socializing with those outside the group. This both protected the organization from discovery and reinforced the movement's ideology by largely only allowing it to dominate in the home as other voices were not heard. This put a huge burden on women. Children of Basque nationalists had their own burdens to deal with. They were raised in households that spoke Basque, supported Basque nationalist, and lived Basque culture. When they left their homes, they had to speak Spanish, appear Spanish, and live Spanish culture. There are potential consequences for a failure to manage this dualism imposed on them since birth.

Male members of ETA sometimes were forced to hide their involvement with the organization from their mothers, wives and girlfriends because the Basques have traditionally opposed offensive violence while acknowledging a culture that also supported defensive violence in defense of their lives and culture. This Basque cultural approach to violence was also part of the reason during the 1960s that the group claimed they took steps not to attack civilian targets, unlike other terrorist organizations in Latin America, Northern Ireland and the Middle East in the same period.

Starting in the mid-1960s, more women began to become involved with ETA militancy. Most of the women who joined up were encouraged to do so because of their fathers. Such social networks played a key role in recruiting and retaining members. These women were also more willing to directly engage in violent opposition to the regime. In 1969, María Aranzazu Arruti Odriozola was arrested for her ETA connections. The state alleged she was seeking to make connections in Navarra to further her aims. They highlighted her dangerous nature by saying she was secretly married on 5 November 1968 to Bilbao's Gregorio Vincent López Isasuegi. During the 1960s and 1970s, female ETA members were portrayed by the Spanish media as being one half of a terrorist couple.

Police commissioner Meliton Manzanas was murdered by ETA members on 2 August 1968, with his murder being witnessed by his wife and two daughters. Women were arrested and tortured for their involvement in the Francoist period. Security officers would insult women, questioning their status as both women and mothers.

During the 1970s, many of the women who joined did so as a result of encouragement from their boyfriends and husbands. They would often function as a couple within the organization's operations. In other cases, the recruitment by men would mean that these new female members were only viewed inside the organization as women who could fill traditional women's roles. Only when women joined on their own could they generally escape this pattern of ETA gender discrimination. During the latter parts of the regime, some women used ETA to establish their own independence and as a form of rejecting gender norms imposed on them by both the regime and by conservative Basque society. Becoming involved with ETA represented a dual rejection of both the state and of passive womanhood.

The 1970 Burgos military trial against ETA involved three women. Genoveve Forest Tarat played a critical role in ETA's assassination of Spanish Premier Admiral Carrero Blanco on 20 December 1973. María Dolores González Katarain joined ETA in the early 1970s when she was in her teens. While teaching in San Sebastian, she attained the rank of *militante legal*. She soon became involved with José Echevarría, nicknamed as Beltza. The couple had many mutual friends. Echevarría died in 1973 after accidentally setting off a bomb he was carrying.

During the 1970s, ETA was closely aligned with the Provisional Irish Republican Army (PIRA) and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). Their relationship was close enough with these groups that they held joint training activities together.

### 1975 - present (reconciliation)

ETA militants killed women in this period, notably female members of Guardia Civil. ETA justified this as these women not being women, only representatives of Guardia Civil. Estimates in this period female membership in ETA at around 10%. Egizan was a feminist organization affiliated to ETA as their women's political organization. María Dolores Gonzalez Catarain had become a leader in ETA by the end of the 1970s. Prior to this, most women were only collaborators in the movement.

In August 1975, there was a second wave of violence in the Basque provinces, including the murder of several policemen. This resulted in the police arresting a number of ETA affiliated people, including ten who were arrested for the murders. Of these ten, two were women who both claimed to be pregnant. All were given death sentences. The women and four others were given a reprieve by Franco, who was trying to make the regime appear more tolerant internationally.

During Spanish elections in the transition period, women favored centrist political parties and disavowed more the extremist elements like ETA, Herri Batasuna (HB), Catalan nationalists ERC, and Galician radicals. Descriptions of ETA women being "dangerous elements" of Spanish society would continue into the democratic transition period.

Following the death of Franco in 1975 and the amnesty of 1977, many of ETA's female activists returned to the Basque region. A hardcore group though would remain outside in places like France and Latin America for many years. These activists outside the country espouse the radical philosophy that until they were their own nation, the Basque people were a people without a home. Around 12% of all ETA related arrests were those of women. There was no large change in the composition of Spain's security services. Because of the lack of a purge, many of those who had been involved in the arrest and torture of female ETA activists remained in place well into the 1980s.

Basque nationalists believed that the new Socialist led government of 1982 would be more willing to engage in rapprochement. The media and other Spanish political parties accused the 1982 PSOE led government of being weak on terrorism. Consequently, Prime Minister Felipe González directed his government to crack down on ETA killings. The Spanish government also reached out to their French counterparts, and got agreements to try to stop Spanish Basque ETA members from coordinating their violence against Spain from French Basque territories. The government also placed ETA members in prisons around Spain, instead of exclusively within the Basque Country, under the belief this would make it easier for members to leave the organization after their prison sentences ended.

In the early 1980s, 8% of ETA militants in Spanish prisons were women. Iratxe Sorzabal joined ETA in the late 1980s when she was a teenager. By the late 2000s, she would rise to be one of the most important women in the organization. María Dolores Gonzalez Catarain was murdered by two ETA members in September 1985 while out on a walk with her young child. She was targeted because having been part of the ETA Directorate, she had made the decision to dissociate herself from the group. During the 1980s, Herri Batasuna, ETA's political arm, had a number of female participants. Much of their involvement was around seeking amnesty for ETA members in prison. Women affiliated with ETA were allegedly tortured in prison, with the worst state actors being women police officers. Some of these ETA prisoners could not understand how female police officers could not feel sympathy towards their fellow women.

Gesto-por-la-Paz was founded in 1986, with the purpose of condemning political violence in the Basque Country. They would hold silent demonstrations to condemn Basque nationalist political murders the day after any such killings. As a result of their actions, all but one Basque nationalist political parties signed an agreement stating their goal to end ETA's violence in January 1988. The exception was the ETA aligned Herri Batasuna. This pressure led ETA to declare a 60-day ceasefire. The Mesa-de-Argel negotiations started between ETA member Eugenio Etxebaste and the PSOE led government. These talks proved unsuccessful, and ETA resumed their political violence.

Women made up only 10% of ETA membership in the 1990s. Women would not gain major leadership positions in ETA until the organization declared a ceasefire in December 1999. María Soledad Iparraguirre Guenechea assumed control of ETA in September 2000. The 2000s represented a shift in ETA's history, with the organization more willing to recruit young women. During the early 2000s, Iratxe Sorzabal Diaz served as an ETA spokesperson for female ETA prisoners. The emergence of women in more prominent roles in ETA occurred with a generational shift in organizational membership, with middle-aged male members who were willing to consider a détente with the Spanish state becoming less visible as younger members more willing to engage in violence took over. Motherhood did not diminish the willingness of female ETA members to engage in violence against the Spanish state and Spanish population.

In 2009, ETA worked on creating a peace deal with the Spanish government modeled after the one signed in 2006 between the Irish government and the IRA. Izaskun Lesaca was tried by the French courts for her involvement with ETA, and was found guilty in absentee of recruiting members to a terrorist organization. Itziar Fernandez and Oihana De Cerain were both female members of ETA in 2009. Oihana De Cerain was arrested in June 2009 for her involvement in the group, and was accused of identifying targets for ETA violence. Two civil guard officers were murdered by ETA members in Palma de Mallorca in 2009. They died because of a car bomb. Two women, Itziar Moreno Martinez and Iratxe Yanez Ortiz de Barron, were both suspects in the bombing. Iratxe Sorzabal Diaz was believed to be the new leader of ETA by 2009. In 2011, ETA declared a permanent end to violence. ETA member Ines del Rio was freed in 2013 at the direction of the European Court of Human Rights. She had been denied early release in 2008 as a result of the retroactive application of the 2006 Parot doctrine. The courts said the law could not be applied in this way.

## Gender and family

ETA has traditionally been very patriarchal in their views because of their alignment with traditional and conservative Roman Catholicism. Historically, the Basque country family structure has required men leave the home for long periods of time for work. This could be tending sheep or going out to sea. Consequently, women were often left in charge of the day-to-day running of the Basque home. Fathers were the authority figures, while mothers did all the work. In rural areas of the Basque country, families tended to have patriarchal power structures. Women were often required to look for paid work outside the home as their farms were not self-sustainable given the economic situation in Spain at the time. Middle class Basque nationalist families in the Franco period tended to support the regime's position on families.


title: Woodlawn, Carroll County, Virginia

abstract: Woodlawn is a census-designated place (CDP) in Carroll County, Virginia, United States. The population was 2,045 at the 2020 census.

text:
# Woodlawn, Carroll County, Virginia

**Woodlawn** is a census-designated place (CDP) in Carroll County, Virginia, United States. The population was 2,045 at the 2020 census.

## History

The area of present-day Woodlawn, located in Virginia's Blue Ridge Mountains, began as a land grant to James Wood of Frederick County, Virginia in 1756. His son, James Wood, served as governor of Virginia from 1796 to 1799. The Treaty of Lochaber, between British representative John Stuart and the Cherokee, made the land available for settlement about 1770. The original James Wood bequeathed the land to his wife Mary who bequeathed it to her grandsons. It is thought that none of the Wood family ever lived in Woodlawn.

## Geography

Woodlawn is located at 36°43′58″N 80°48′7″W / 36.73278°N 80.80194°W / 36.73278; -80.80194 (36.732719, 80.801934).

According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has a total area of 19.5 square miles (50.6 km2), all of it land.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1990 | 2,072 |  |  |
| 2000 | 2,249 |  | 8.5% |
| 2010 | 2,343 |  | 4.2% |
| 2020 | 2,045 |  | −12.7% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

As of the census of 2000, there were 2,249 people, 847 households, and 597 families residing in the CDP. The population density was 115.1 people per square mile (44.4/km2). There were 926 housing units at an average density of 47.4/sq mi (18.3/km2). The racial makeup of the CDP was 98.58% White, 0.49% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 0.36% from other races, and 0.22% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.93% of the population.

There were 847 households, out of which 25.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 58.1% were married couples living together, 8.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.5% were non-families. 27.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.31 and the average family size was 2.77.

In the CDP, the population was spread out, with 19.5% under the age of 18, 7.4% from 18 to 24, 30.2% from 25 to 44, 28.4% from 45 to 64, and 14.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 100.9 males.

The median income for a household in the CDP was $34,044, and the median income for a family was $38,750. Males had a median income of $24,942 versus $18,991 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $16,494. About 4.4% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.2% of those under age 18 and 16.6% of those age 65 or over.

## Notable sites

Woodlawn is home to the Harmon's Museum, where visitors can see the two headed calf and a large collection of arrow heads and Native American artifacts. A collection of items from the Baldwin-Felts Detective Agency is also housed at the museum.

Woodlawn is the site of the former Woodlawn High School. The school was the first public high school in Carroll County and was among the earliest in Virginia. In 1914 it became the first public secondary school in the United States to offer agricultural education classes under the Smith-Hughes Act. The original building that housed the agriculture department still stands. The school was placed on the Virginia Landmarks Register September 20, 2018. and the U.S. National Register of Historic Places January 17, 2019.

The Crooked Creek Wildlife Management Area is located just outside of Woodlawn. This area includes over 1,600 acres of mountain land with six miles of stocked trout streams providing opportunities for fishing, hunting, hiking, wildflower photography and wildlife watching.

The Blue Ridge Parkway is about seven miles from Woodlawn via back roads with the picturesque Mabry Mill located at milepost 176.2 about twenty-five miles away. The Blue Ridge Music Center featuring a concert center, mountain music museum and visitor center is at milepost 213 about ten miles from Woodlawn.

The New River Trail State Park ideal for hiking and biking is about six miles from Woodlawn. Grayson Highlands State Park featuring scenic views, waterfalls, hiking to the summit of Mount Rogers, the Appalachian Trail and wild mountain ponies is about fifty miles west near the Mount Rogers National Recreation Area.

## Further reading

* Fussell, Fred C. (2003). *Blue Ridge Music Trails: Finding a Place in the Circle*. North Carolina Folklife Institute. 080785459X.

1. "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
2. "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
3. Woodlawn. (2006, Spring) Vol. 25. *Carroll County Chronicles*. p. 8.
4. "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2011.
5. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
6. Worrell, A. (2009, January) Woodlawn School Tabbed for Historical Marker. *The Carroll News*. Retrieved from http://www.thecarrollnews.com/view/full\_story/5528284/article-Woodlawn-School-tabbed-for-historical-marker.
7. Virginia Landmarks Register. Retrieved from https://www.dhr.virginia.gov/historic-registers/
8. National Register of Historic Places. Retrieved from https://www.gsa.gov/real-estate/historic-preservation/historic-building-stewardship/national-register-of-historic-places/
9. Virginia is for Lovers. Crooked Creek Wildlife Management Area. Retrieved from http://www.virginia.org/Listings/OutdoorsAndSports/CrookedCreekWildlifeManagementArea/.
10. National Park Service-Mabry Mill https://www.nps.gov/blri/planyourvisit/mabry-mill-mp-176.htm
11. Blue Ridge Music Center http://www.blueridgemusiccenter.org/
12. Virginia State Parks https://www.dcr.virginia.gov/state-parks/grayson-highlands

## InfoBox

| Woodlawn, Virginia | |
| --- | --- |
| CDP | |
| Location of Woodlawn, Virginia | |
| Coordinates: 36°43′58″N 80°48′7″W / 36.73278°N 80.80194°W / 36.73278; -80.80194 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Virginia |
| County | Carroll |
| Area | |
| Total | 19.5 sq mi (50.6 km2) |
| Land | 19.5 sq mi (50.6 km2) |
| Water | 0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2) |
| Elevation | 2,520 ft (768 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| Total | 2,343 |
| Density | 120/sq mi (46/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern (EST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| ZIP code | 24381 |
| Area code | 276 |
| FIPS code | 51-87408 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1476952 |


title: Woolsey Teller

abstract: Woolsey Teller was an American atheist rationalist writer and white supremacist.

text:
# Woolsey Teller

**Woolsey Teller** (March 22, 1890 – March 11, 1954) was an American atheist rationalist writer and white supremacist.

## Biography

Teller was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was an associate editor of the leading Freethought journal *The Truth Seeker* of New York City, where his cousin Charles Lee Smith was editor. He was a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Atheism. universe.

Besides being a leader in the American Freethought movement, Teller was a white supremacist, and favored eugenics, causing the movement to split on this issue and losing *The Truth Seeker* subscribers when its editors backed him.

> James Hervey Johnson, the former editor of The Truth Seeker, and essayist Woolsey Teller were among the worst offenders. In 1945 the Truth Seeker Company published Teller's *Essays of an Atheist*. Teller wrote five especially racist essays: "Grading the Races," "Brains and Civilization," "There Are Superior Races," "Shall We Breed Rationally?" and "Natural Selection and War." In "Grading the Races," Teller discusses an essay by the African American atheist and historian John G. Jackson (1907-93) called "Ethiopia and the Origin of Civilization." Teller calls Jackson "a mulatto" and argues that "the ancient Egyptians were dominantly Caucasian." Moreover, he argues that the "Caucasian skull, anatomically considered, is the highest in the world."

Teller argued that the white race is superior. with a bigger brain size compared to the black race, which he labeled genetically inferior, always citing scientific justification. Though an Anti-Semite, he greatly admired Albert Einstein for his rejection of religion. Teller has been described as a "leading freethought bigot".

In his essay "Mysticism in Modern Physics" in *Essays of an Atheist*, Teller disputes the idea that modern physics has dispensed with materialism, claiming that excessive use of mathematics has turned it into metaphysics:

> Clearly, then, the "splitting" of the atom has in no way "exploded" the teaching of materialists. Matter is as indestructible as ever, and is so acknowledged in every text book on chemistry and physics. Not even the most mystical of modern physicists can deny this.

> The whole plea for a metaphysical "physics" rests on the erroneous idea that since we cannot predict certain activities far down in the atom, materialism is ruled out. Our inability to register all movements in the sub-atomic world merely means that our implements of detection have not yet been brought to a proper state of precision. We are here dealing with rarefied forms of matter or infinitely small particles, whose complicated motions are beyond the range of our most sensitive instruments. We are facing a world of infinitesimal particles, moving about at terrific speeds and in variable orbits. How small these individual parts are may be visualized from the fact that the hydrogen atom alone weighs only 1.662x10-24 grammes, while the nucleus itself has a diameter of only a millionth of a millionth of an inch.

In his essay "Miscellaneous Notes" in *Essays of an Atheist*, Teller ridicules mathematics as a way to become wiser in itself:

> DOES mathematics, the science of accurate calculation, lead to accuracy in thinking? Many say "yes"; this unregenerated plebian says "No". Some of the world's most illustrious "screwballs" in matters of religion have been excellent mathematicians.
>
> Tycho Brahe and Kepler both believed in astrology. "Tycho Brahe was from his fifteenth year devoted to astrology," says Morris Jastrow, "and adjoining his observatory at Uranienburg the astronomer-royal of Denmark had a laboratory built in order to study alchemy, and it was only a few years before his death that he finally abandoned astrology." Kepler "peopled the planets with souls and genii", and put "an astrological interpretation on the disappearance of the brilliant star of 1572, which Tycho had observed."
>
> Mathematicians of distinction have consulted mediums, talked and walked, arm in arm, with ghosts, and believed in haunted houses. Nothing in mathematics can prevent a man from being or becoming superstitious. There is no reason why a Christian Scientist cannot learn trigonometry or master calculus. A man who has invented a bomb-sight or calculated an eclipse may, for all we know, be eating his Savior at this minute, or be carrying a St. Christopher medal on the steering wheel of his car.

In October 1947 Teller debated James D. Bales on the existence of God.

## Publications


title: Woodworking safety

text:
# Woodworking safety

Lack of thorough training on the specific system of safety and health signs and signals plays the pivotal role in furnishing the accidents in the woodworking sector. The established contacts with managers from SMEs and companies in Wood Industry also confirmed the current needs for this particular training. SMEs, in particular, have fewer resources to put complex systems of worker protection in place and tend to be more affected by the negative impact of health and safety problems.

Woodworking machines, wood dust, fire and explosion, noise, vibrations, manual handling operations in Wood Industry, hazardous and chemical substances, slips and trips are some of the biggest concerns.

Federal regulators are drawing up new standards for handling industrial and wood dust following a series of fires and explosions related to combustible dust. The Wood Machinery Manufacturers of America's Industrial Dust Task Force has been following the Occupational Safety and Health Administration on the new rules since October 2009. The goal is to ensure that companies follow proper dust collection procedures.

Wood Machinery Manufacturers of America (WMMA) fully supports efforts to protect workers against the dangers of combustible dust. However, the organization is encouraging OSHA to avoid creating new economic hardships for woodworking companies and small manufacturers. Their observation says that if the companies find it difficult to meet the regulations, then it will be impossible to achieve the goal which is to protect the workers.

Art Sipple, State of Nevada Safety Consultation & Training Section Supervisor, OSHA asserts flammable dust being the biggest threat to the industry. Not only sawdust which in and of itself poses a fire hazard, but the generation of fine dust particles creates an even bigger hazard. Organic dust particles are highly flammable and under favorable conditions, highly explosive. In addition, some forms of wood release toxic materials when being cut; Western Red Cedar is one example. Another issue is rotating equipment. Guarding is a major issue with all rotating machinery.

Sipple says that the regulations are important as they not only ensure the safety of the employees, it further saves extra expenses related to the injuries and illness. He says: “Controls for any industry are practical. The lack of controls causes injuries and illnesses that cost companies a lot of money, not only through insurance claims with workers compensation insurance, but through lost time and production. Generally, $1 spent on controls and safe work practices save employers $3 or more by preventing problems. For a company to run on high performance and high demand, it has to control injuries and illnesses or the company will not be competitive and lose market shares.”

Recent Health and Safety Executive (HSE) accident statistics shows that accidents involving contact with the dangerous parts of machinery or the material being machined accounted for approximately one quarter of all of the fatal injuries recorded in the woodworking industry, and approximately half of all major injury accidents.

The risks associated with the use of woodworking machinery are high since they rely on high-speed sharp cutters to do the job and in many cases, these are necessarily exposed to enable the machining process to take place. Additionally, many machines are still hand-fed; woodworking is probably the main industry where the hands of the operator are constantly exposed to danger.


title: Woodworm Records

abstract: Woodworm Records was a record label created in 1979 to enable the British folk-rock band Fairport Convention to release their album Farewell, Farewell. The album was a recording of performances taken from the band's 1979 farewell tour. The impending break-up of the band had followed medical advice given to fiddle-player Dave Swarbrick to save his hearing by playing no more amplified music. As there was no record label willing to release the recording, bass guitarist Dave Pegg and his wife Christine formed their own label to release the album. Woodworm Records soon grew and released albums by Fairport and other artists such as Dave Swarbrick and Steve Ashley. During 2004 the Peggs were divorced, resulting in the sale of studio. The record label was thus put on hold. Members of Fairport Convention decided to form the new label Matty Grooves Records to continue the work of Woodworm Records. Associated with the label, and especially with Fairport Convention in recent years, are Woodworm Recording Studios, situated at Barford St. Michael in Oxfordshire, where other artists, including Jethro Tull and Richard Thompson, have also recorded.

text:
# Woodworm Records

**Woodworm Records** was a record label created in 1979 to enable the British folk-rock band Fairport Convention to release their album *Farewell, Farewell*. The album was a recording of performances taken from the band's 1979 farewell tour. The impending break-up of the band had followed medical advice given to fiddle-player Dave Swarbrick to save his hearing by playing no more amplified music. As there was no record label willing to release the recording, bass guitarist Dave Pegg and his wife Christine formed their own label to release the album.

Woodworm Records soon grew and released albums by Fairport and other artists such as Dave Swarbrick and Steve Ashley. During 2004 the Peggs were divorced, resulting in the sale of studio. The record label was thus put on hold. Members of Fairport Convention decided to form the new label Matty Grooves Records to continue the work of Woodworm Records.

Associated with the label, and especially with Fairport Convention in recent years, are Woodworm Recording Studios, situated at Barford St. Michael in Oxfordshire, where other artists, including Jethro Tull and Richard Thompson, have also recorded.

51°59′30″N 1°21′58″W / 51.9918°N 1.3661°W / 51.9918; -1.3661

## InfoBox

| Woodworm Records | |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1979 |
| Founder | Dave Pegg, Christine Pegg |
| Genre | Various |
| Country of origin | England |


title: World of Wonders (novel)

abstract: World of Wonders is the third novel in Robertson Davies's Deptford Trilogy. First published by Macmillan of Canada in 1975, this novel focuses on the life-story of the fictional conjuror Magnus Eisengrim.

text:
# World of Wonders (novel)

***World of Wonders*** is the third novel in Robertson Davies's Deptford Trilogy.

First published by Macmillan of Canada in 1975, this novel focuses on the life-story of the fictional conjuror Magnus Eisengrim.

## Plot

Magnus Eisengrim (also known by at least four other names throughout the trilogy) tells the story of his life to a group of filmmakers who are producing a biographical film about the great magician Jean Eugène Robert-Houdin for the BBC. They are headed by the world-famous Swedish director Jurgen Lind (evidently modeled on Ingmar Bergman). Also present during the story are Eisengrim's friends Dunstan Ramsay and Liesl, who both appear in the earlier installments of the Deptford Trilogy. Ramsay reprises the role of narrator which he played in the first novel, *Fifth Business*, but in this case it is only to add context and continuity to the internal narration of Eisengrim. The life story of Eisengrim pulls together many events found throughout the previous two novels, showing them from a different perspective.

## Section summary

### A Bottle in the Smoke

This section deals with Paul's life travelling with Wanless World of Wonders carnival as well as playing in vaudeville theatres during the winters. The section title derives from the biblical reference to a bottle as a goatskin that has been cured and hardened by smoke from a fire. Paul has similarly been hardened by his experiences at the hands of Willard, the magician who abducts Paul and subjects him to sexual abuse.

### Merlin's Laugh

In this section, Paul has arrived in London and is recruited as a stunt double to Sir John Tresize, actor-manager of a stage company. After playing stages in London and elsewhere in Britain, the troop does a long tour in Canada. Paul, who is called Mungo Fetch within the company, is strongly influenced by both Tresize and his wife, "Milady". In the telling, Magnus reveals that Ingestree as a young man had also joined Tresize's troop and had embarrassed himself in several ways. Magnus also shows how Ingestree later revenged himself on Tresize by a spiteful act.

### Le Lit de Justice

In this epilogue section, Liesl, Magnus, and Dunstan share a large bed (*lit*) in the Savoy hotel in London after the completion of the film. Dunstan and Liesl question Magnus based on his earlier revelations, and the mystery of the death of Boy Staunton is finally resolved.

## Primary characters

* Magnus Eisengrim – As the main focus of the novel, much of the story revolves around Eisengrim telling his life story in order to explain his context for playing the character of Robert Houdin.
* Dunstan Ramsay – The narrator and good friend of both Eisengrim and Liesl.
* Liesl
* Jurgen Lind
* Roland Ingestree – Executive producer of the film for the BBC
* Kinghovn – Lind's cameraman

## Themes

The book contains an extended treatment of the paedophilic abuse inflicted on the young Eisengrim by his abductor who repeatedly sodomizes him and uses him to obtain morphine, but in turn teaches him hand magic.

In light of its recurring focus on theatre and performance, scholars such as Katrina Dunn have discussed World of Wonders as theatre-fiction.

1. *World of Wonders*. OCLC 1863632  via OCLC Worldcat.
2. Coulas, Cecelia (1990). "What is Known of Old and Long Familiar: The uncanny effect in World of Wonders". *Studies in Canadian Literature*. **15** (2).
3. Godard, Barbara (Winter 1984–1985). "World of Wonders: Robertson Davies' Carnival". *Essays on Canadian Writing (ECW)*. **30**: 239–286.
4. Dunn, Katrina (2023). "Spectral Effects: Dual Roles, Doubling, and Invisibility in Robertson Davies's *World of Wonders*". In Wolfe, Graham (ed.). *The Routledge Companion to Theatre-Fiction*. Routledge. pp. 89–99. ISBN 9781032069906.

Canadian magician David Ben in collaboration with former CBC Television director Patrick Watson produced in the 1990s a stage magic show inspired by many of the elements in World of Wonders.

## InfoBox

World of Wonders
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Robertson Davies |
| Language | English |
| Series | The Deptford Trilogy |
| Genre | Theatre-fiction |
| Published | 1975 (Macmillan Canada) |
| Publication place | Canada |
| Media type | Paperback |
| Pages | 316 |
| ISBN | 9780670788125 (1975ed) |
| Preceded by | *The Manticore* |


title: World of the Lupi

abstract: The World of the Lupi is an urban fantasy series by author Eileen Wilks. It is also known as the Moon Children series.

text:
# World of the Lupi

***The World of the Lupi*** is an urban fantasy series by author Eileen Wilks. It is also known as the *Moon Children* series.

## Novels in this series

1. *Only Human* (Lover Beware anthology) - July 2003
2. *Originally Human* (Cravings anthology) - July 2004
3. *Tempting Danger* \- October 5, 2004
4. *Mortal Danger* \- November 1, 2005
5. *Blood Lines* \- January 2007
6. *InHuman* (On the Prowl anthology) - August 2007
7. *Night Season* \- January 2, 2008
8. *Mortal Sins* \- February 3, 2009
9. *Blood Magic* \- February, 2010
10. Blood Challenge (January 2011)
11. Death Magic (November 2011)
12. Mortal ties (October 2012)
13. Ritual Magic (September 2013)
14. Unbinding (October 2014)
15. Mind Magic (November 2015)
16. Dragon Spawn (2016)
17. Dragon Blood (2018)


title: Wladimir Resnitschenko

abstract: Wladimir Resnitschenko is a Soviet fencer. He won a bronze medal in the team épée event at the 1988 Summer Olympics representing the Soviet Union. At the 1992 Summer Olympics, he won a gold in the same event representing Germany.

text:
# Wladimir Resnitschenko

**Wladimir Resnitschenko** (born 27 July 1965) is a Soviet fencer. He won a bronze medal in the team épée event at the 1988 Summer Olympics representing the Soviet Union. At the 1992 Summer Olympics, he won a gold in the same event representing Germany.

## InfoBox

Wladimir Resnitschenko
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1965-07-27) 27 July 1965<br>Almaty, Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Fencing |
| Club | FC Tauberbischofsheim |
| Medal record      Men's fencing  Representing  Soviet Union  Olympic Games  1988 Seoul Épée, team  Representing  Germany  1992 Barcelona Épée, team | |


title: Wrocisławice

abstract: Wrocisławice is a village in Lower Silesia, in the administrative district of Gmina Środa Śląska within Środa Śląska County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. The beginnings of the village probably go back to the Middle Ages. The present church of St Lawrence was built in the first half of the 17th century and features an 18th-century altar painting of St Lawrence with a splendid polychrome wooden frame and a baroque painting of St Nicolaus.

text:
# Wrocisławice

**Wrocisławice** \[vrɔt͡ɕiswaˈvit͡sɛ\] is a village in Lower Silesia, in the administrative district of Gmina Środa Śląska within Środa Śląska County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

The beginnings of the village probably go back to the Middle Ages (the neighboring village of Bukówek was founded in 1282). The present church of St Lawrence was built in the first half of the 17th century and features an 18th-century altar painting of St Lawrence with a splendid polychrome wooden frame and a baroque painting of St Nicolaus.

## InfoBox

| Wrocisławice | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Church of Saint Lawrence | |
| Wrocisławice | |
| Coordinates: 51°07′46″N 16°29′33″E / 51.12944°N 16.49250°E / 51.12944; 16.49250 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lower Silesian |
| County | Środa Śląska |
| Gmina | Środa Śląska |


title: Woodone Open Hiroshima

abstract: The Woodone Open Hiroshima was a professional golf tournament in Japan. Founded in 1972 as the Hiroshima Open, it was an event on the Japan Golf Tour from 1973 to 2007. Except for the 1997 tournament, which was held at Yonex Country Club in Niigata Prefecture, and the 1980 tournament, which was held at Kam Country Club in Ichihara, Chiba, it was played at Hiroshima Country Club near Higashihiroshima in Hiroshima Prefecture.

text:
# Woodone Open Hiroshima

The **Woodone Open Hiroshima** was a professional golf tournament in Japan. Founded in 1972 as the **Hiroshima Open**, it was an event on the Japan Golf Tour from 1973 to 2007. Except for the 1997 tournament, which was held at Yonex Country Club in Niigata Prefecture, and the 1980 tournament, which was held at Kam Country Club in Ichihara, Chiba, it was played at Hiroshima Country Club near Higashihiroshima in Hiroshima Prefecture.

## Winners

| Year | Winner | Score | To par | Margin of
victory | Runner(s)-up | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Woodone Open Hiroshima | | | | | | |
| 2007 | Toru Taniguchi | 269 | −15 | Playoff | Prayad Marksaeng |  |
| 2006 | Tetsuji Hiratsuka | 265 | −19 | 2 strokes | Hur Suk-ho
Shingo Katayama |  |
| 2005 | Takao Nogami | 270 | −14 | 1 stroke | Dinesh Chand |  |
| 2004 | Shingo Katayama | 266 | −22 | 5 strokes | Ryuichi Oda |  |
| 2003 | Toshimitsu Izawa | 275 | −13 | Playoff | Kiyoshi Murota |  |
| Juken Sangyo Open Hiroshima | | | | | | |
| 2002 | Hur Suk-ho | 274 | −14 | 3 strokes | Mamo Osanai |  |
| 2001 | Keiichiro Fukabori (2) | 203 | −13 | Playoff | Masashi Ozaki |  |
| 2000 | Keiichiro Fukabori | 275 | −13 | 1 stroke | Masashi Ozaki |  |
| Yonex Open Hiroshima | | | | | | |
| 1999 | Masashi Ozaki (9) | 273 | −15 | Playoff | Shigemasa Higaki |  |
| 1998 | Masashi Ozaki (8) | 270 | −18 | 1 stroke | Peter McWhinney |  |
| 1997 | Naomichi Ozaki | 276 | −12 | 2 strokes | Hiroyuki Fujita |  |
| 1996 | Hideyuki Sato | 273 | −15 | 4 strokes | Yoshinori Kaneko |  |
| 1995 | Masashi Ozaki (7) | 207 | −9 | 1 stroke | Satoshi Higashi |  |
| 1994 | Masashi Ozaki (6) | 274 | −14 | 3 strokes | Nobuo Serizawa |  |
| 1993 | Toshiaki Odate | 275 | −9 | Playoff | Wayne Levi |  |
| 1992 | Nobumitsu Yuhara | 275 | −9 | 1 stroke | Saburo Fujiki
Satoshi Higashi
Kiyoshi Murota |  |
| 1991 | Eiichi Itai | 272 | −12 | 2 strokes | Yoshi Mizumaki
Tsuyoshi Yoneyama |  |
| 1990 | Masashi Ozaki (5) | 278 | −10 | 1 stroke | Tsuneyuki Nakajima |  |
| 1989 | Masashi Ozaki (4) | 270 | −18 | 6 strokes | Seiji Ebihara
Seiichi Kanai
Nobuo Serizawa |  |
| 1988 | Hajime Matsui | 274 | −14 | 1 stroke | Katsuyoshi Tomori |  |
| Hiroshima Open | | | | | | |
| 1987 | Hajime Meshiai | 275 | −13 | 2 strokes | Yoshiyuki Isomura
Lu Liang-Huan
Tadao Nakamura |  |
| 1986 | Tōru Nakamura (2) | 272 | −16 | Playoff | Saburo Fujiki |  |
| 1985 | Yoshitaka Yamamoto (2) | 277 | −11 | 2 strokes | Hajime Meshiai
Tōru Nakamura
Masashi Ozaki |  |
| 1984 | Masashi Ozaki (3) | 269 | −15 | 3 strokes | Masaji Kusakabe |  |
| 1983 | Katsunari Takahashi | 273 | −15 | Playoff | Tateo Ozaki |  |
| 1982 | Takashi Kurihara | 272 | −12 | 4 strokes | Yutaka Hagawa |  |
| 1981 | Seiichi Kanai | 202 | −14 | Playoff | Lu Hsi-chuen |  |
| 1980 | Norio Suzuki | 276 | −12 | 4 strokes | Isao Aoki
Chen Tze-ming
Haruo Yasuda |  |
| 1979 | Yoshitaka Yamamoto | 270 | −18 | 8 strokes | Haruo Yasuda
Yoshikazu Yokoshima |  |
| 1978 | Masashi Ozaki (2) | 273 | −15 | Playoff | Hideyo Sugimoto |  |
| 1977 | Yasuhiro Miyamoto | 275 | −13 | 1 stroke | Masashi Ozaki |  |
| 1976 | Masashi Ozaki | 200 | −13 | 1 stroke | Teruo Sugihara |  |
| 1975 | Lu Liang-Huan (2) | 275 | −13 | Playoff | Tōru Nakamura
Kosaku Shimada |  |
| 1974 | Lu Liang-Huan | 272 | −16 | 1 stroke | Takashi Murakami |  |
| 1973 | Tōru Nakamura | 269 | −19 | 1 stroke | Iraneo Legaspi |  |
| 1972 | Hsieh Yung-yo | 202 | −14 | 2 strokes | Takashi Murakami |  |

Source:

1. McCormack, Mark H. (1985). *Ebel World of Professional Golf 1985*. Springwood Books. pp. 243, 489–490. ISBN 0862541247.
2. "Takahashi wins Hiroshima Open". *Singapore Monitor*. 26 September 1983. p. 29. Retrieved 30 January 2021  via National Library Board (Singapore).
3. McCormack, Mark H. (1982). *Dunhill World of Professional Golf 1982*. Springwood Books. pp. 246–247, 480–481. ISBN 0862541018.
4. McCormack, Mark H. (1981). *Dunhill World of Professional Golf 1981*. Springwood Books. pp. 181, 398–399. ISBN 0862540054.
5. "Hinkle chalks up third win". *The Straits Times*. 10 September 1979. p. 25. Retrieved 30 January 2021  via National Library Board (Singapore).
6. "Red hot Cole wins by one stroke". *New Nation*. 5 September 1977. p. 21. Retrieved 30 January 2021  via National Library Board (Singapore).
7. "Ozaki wins by a stroke". *The Straits Times*. 6 September 1976. p. 27. Retrieved 30 January 2021  via National Library Board (Singapore).
8. McCormack, Mark H. (1976). *The World of Professional Golf 1976*. Collins. pp. 295, 477–502. ISBN 000211996X.
9. McCormack, Mark H. (1975). *The World of Professional Golf 1975*. Collins. pp. 255, 437–438. ISBN 0002119552.
10. McCormack, Mark H. (1974). *The World of Professional Golf 1974*. Collins. pp. 324, 549–550. ISBN 0002119544.
11. McCormack, Mark H. (1973). *The World of Professional Golf 1973*. Collins. p. 526. ISBN 0002119463.
12. "大会の歴史" \[Tournament history\] (in Japanese). Hiroshima TV. Archived from the original on 26 August 2007. Retrieved 30 January 2021.

## InfoBox

Woodone Open Hiroshima
| Tournament information | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan |
| Established | 1972 |
| Course(s) | Hiroshima Country Club |
| Par | 71 |
| Length | 6,942 yards (6,348 m) |
| Tour(s) | Japan Golf Tour |
| Format | Stroke play |
| Prize fund | 100,000,000 |
| Month played | July |
| Final year | 2007 |
| Tournament record score | |
| Aggregate | 265 Tetsuji Hiratsuka (2006) |
| To par | −22 Shingo Katayama (2004) |
| Final champion | |
| Toru Taniguchi | |
| Location map | |
| Hiroshima CCLocation in JapanHiroshima CCLocation in the Hiroshima Prefecture | |


title: Woodnewton

abstract: Woodnewton is a village in Northamptonshire, England. Essentially a pair of parallel streets, the village lies to the north of a small stream, the Willow Brook, in Rockingham Forest. It is in North Northamptonshire. At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 442 people, increasing slightly to 450 at the 2011 Census. The village's name means 'New farm/settlement'. The village is situated in the Forest of Cliffe, so 'wood' was added to signify that. Woodnewton is home to 'Clownfest', a fundraising operation inspired by Coco the Clown. There is a woodcarved statue of 'Coco the clown' in the Woodnewton village park. Coco the clown is buried in the graveyard of St Mary's parish church, which is situated to the western end of the village. Clownfest raised enough money to pay for the building of the current village hall, which is a central hub for the village. Other facilities include: Public House, Village hall, Church and a Pottery.

text:
# Woodnewton

**Woodnewton** is a village in Northamptonshire, England. Essentially a pair of parallel streets, the village lies to the north of a small stream, the Willow Brook, in Rockingham Forest. It is in North Northamptonshire. At the time of the 2001 census, the parish's population was 442 people, increasing slightly to 450 at the 2011 Census.

The village's name means 'New farm/settlement'. The village is situated in the Forest of Cliffe, so 'wood' was added to signify that.

Woodnewton is home to 'Clownfest', a fundraising operation inspired by Coco the Clown. There is a woodcarved statue of 'Coco the clown' in the Woodnewton village park. Coco the clown is buried in the graveyard of St Mary's parish church, which is situated to the western end of the village. Clownfest raised enough money to pay for the building of the current village hall, which is a central hub for the village.

Other facilities include: Public House, Village hall, Church and a Pottery.

```
 http://woodnewtonhistory.co.uk
```

## InfoBox

| Woodnewton | |
| --- | --- |
| St Mary's Church, Woodnewton | |
| WoodnewtonLocation within Northamptonshire | |
| Population | 450 (2011) |
| OS grid reference | TL0394 |
| Unitary authority |  |
| Ceremonial county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Peterborough |
| Postcode district | PE8 |
| Dialling code | 01780 |
|  | |
| Police | Northamptonshire |
| Fire | Northamptonshire |
| Ambulance | East Midlands |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Woroniec, Biała Podlaska County

abstract: Woroniec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała Podlaska, within Biała Podlaska County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) west of Biała Podlaska and 93 km (58 mi) north of the regional capital Lublin. A monument in memory of the fallen American pilots in World War II was built near the village, at the site of Boeing B-17 plane crash in 1944.

text:
# Woroniec, Biała Podlaska County

**Woroniec** \[vɔˈrɔɲɛt͡s\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała Podlaska, within Biała Podlaska County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. It lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) west of Biała Podlaska and 93 km (58 mi) north of the regional capital Lublin.

A monument in memory of the fallen American pilots in World War II was built near the village, at the site of Boeing B-17 plane crash in 1944.

## InfoBox

| Woroniec | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Woroniec | |
| Coordinates: 52°3′N 22°55′E / 52.050°N 22.917°E / 52.050; 22.917 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Lublin |
| County | Biała Podlaska |
| Gmina | Biała Podlaska |
| Population(approx.) | |
| Total | 420 |


title: Worongary

abstract: Worongary is a suburb in the City of Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Worongary had a population of 6,021 people.

text:
# Worongary

**Worongary** is a suburb in the City of Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Worongary had a population of 6,021 people.

## Geography

Most of the eastern boundary of Worongary follows the Pacific Motorway.

There is a large area of production forestry in the north-west of the suburb. The north-eastern part of the suburb is predominantly residential at suburb densities. The middle and south of the suburb is mostly rural residential with larger blocks of land, typically 4,000 to 5,000 square metres (0.99 to 1.24 acres).

## History

The name Worongary is derived from an Aboriginal word *Whorrongary*, meaning vine or flight of a pigeon.

The Worongary State School opened on 1 February 1993.

Hinterland Baptist Church was established in 1995. Its timber church building was relocated from another site.

## Demographics

In the 2016 census, Worongary had a population of 5,613 people.

In the 2021 census, Worongary had a population of 6,021 people.

## Heritage listings

Worongary has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

## Education

Worongary State School is a government primary (Prep-6) school for boys and girls at Delta Cove Drive (28°01′22″S 153°20′31″E / 28.0227°S 153.3419°E / -28.0227; 153.3419 (Worongary State School)). In 2018, the school had an enrolment of 699 students with 49 teachers (43 full-time equivalent) and 29 non-teaching staff (18 full-time equivalent). It includes a special education program.

There are no secondary schools in Worongary. The nearest government secondary schools are Nerang State High School in Nerang to the north and Robina State High School in Robina to the south-east.

## Amenities

Despite the name, Mudgeeraba Showgrounds are at 115 Mudgeeraba Road in Worongary (28°03′38″S 153°21′17″E / 28.0606°S 153.3547°E / -28.0606; 153.3547 (Mudgeeraba Showgrounds)).

The Springbrook Mudgeeraba branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association meets at the Bill Deacon Pavilion at the Mudgeeraba Showgrounds.

Hinterland Baptist Church is at 405 Hinkler Drive (28°02′22″S 153°21′08″E / 28.0395°S 153.3521°E / -28.0395; 153.3521 (Hinterland Baptist Church)).

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints is at 74 Mudgeeraba Road (28°03′26″S 153°21′25″E / 28.0572°S 153.35689°E / -28.0572; 153.35689 (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints)).

### Parks

There are a number of parks in the area:

## Events

The Mudgeeraba Show Society runs an annual agricultural show known as the Mudgeeraba Show at the Showgrounds. It is held in June.

## Attractions

Gold Coast Light Horse Education Museum is at 8 Worongary Road (28°03′42″S 153°21′15″E / 28.0616°S 153.3542°E / -28.0616; 153.3542 (Gold Coast Light Horse Education Museum)) beside the Mudgeeraba Showgrounds. The museum has information about the Australian Light Horse who served in the Second Boer War and World War I. It also has information on national service in Australia.

### Sources

## InfoBox

| Worongary
Gold Coast City, Queensland | |
| --- | --- |
| Worongary Creek | |
| Worongary | |
|  | |
| Coordinates | 28°02′30″S 153°20′16″E / 28.0416°S 153.3377°E / -28.0416; 153.3377 (Worongary (centre of suburb)) |
| Population | 6,021 (2021 census) |
| • Density | 427.0/km2 (1,106/sq mi) |
| Postcode(s) | 4213 |
| Area | 14.1 km2 (5.4 sq mi) |
| Time zone | AEST (UTC+10:00) |
| Location |  |
| LGA(s) | City of Gold Coast |
| State electorate(s) | Mudgeeraba |
| Federal division(s) | Wright |
| **Suburbs around Worongary:**  Gilston Highland Park Carrara  Gilston Worongary Merrimac  Tallai Tallai Mudgeeraba | |


title: Wronie Gniazdo

abstract: Wronie Gniazdo is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Białogard, within Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Białogard and 124 km (77 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

text:
# Wronie Gniazdo

**Wronie Gniazdo** \[ˈvrɔɲɛ ˈɡɲazdɔ\] (German: *Krähenkrug*) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Białogard, within Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) north-east of Białogard and 124 km (77 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

## InfoBox

| Wronie Gniazdo | |
| --- | --- |
| Settlement | |
| Wronie Gniazdo | |
| Coordinates: 54°3′42″N 16°6′41″E / 54.06167°N 16.11139°E / 54.06167; 16.11139 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | West Pomeranian |
| County | Białogard |
| Gmina | Białogard |


title: Wolbae station

abstract: Wolbae Station is an underground station of Line 1 of the Daegu Metro located to Dalseo-gu in Daegu, South Korea. It is located in the building of Samhyun Medical Center near exit 3 of the station. There is a station in front of Daegu Wolbae Elementary School, a short distance from the range, and all four exits are located in the direction of the city. As many residential districts are currently being developed around, the trend is gradually increasing the number of visitors. There is an escalator at exit 1 and an elevator at exits 3 and 4. This station is the lowest depth of all stations on Daegu Metro Line 1 (13.7m).

text:
# Wolbae station

**Wolbae Station** is an underground station of Line 1 of the Daegu Metro located to Dalseo-gu in Daegu, South Korea. It is located in the building of Samhyun Medical Center near exit 3 of the station. There is a station in front of Daegu Wolbae Elementary School, a short distance from the range, and all four exits are located in the direction of the city. As many residential districts are currently being developed around, the trend is gradually increasing the number of visitors. There is an escalator at exit 1 and an elevator at exits 3 and 4. This station is the lowest depth of all stations on Daegu Metro Line 1 (13.7m).

## Station layout

| **G** | Street Level | Exits |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **L1** | Concourse | Faregates, Ticketing Machines, Station Control |
| **L2
Platforms** | Side platform, doors will open on the right | |
| | Southbound | **Line 1** toward Seolhwa–Myeonggok (Jincheon) |
| | Northbound | **Line 1** toward Ansim (Sangin) |
| | Side platform, doors will open on the right | |

## InfoBox

| Wolbae | |
| --- | --- |
| Station platform | |
|  | |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 월배역 |
| Hanja |  |
| Revised Romanization | *Wolbaeyeok* |
| McCune–Reischauer | *Wŏlbaeyŏk* |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Location | Jincheon-dong, Dalseo District, Daegu
South Korea |
| Coordinates | 35°48′59″N 128°31′50″E / 35.81639°N 128.53056°E / 35.81639; 128.53056 |
| Operated by | Daegu Transportation Corporation |
| Line(s) | Line 1 |
| Platforms | 2 |
| Tracks | 2 |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Underground |
| Other information | |
| Station code | 119 |
| History | |
| Opened | November 26, 1997 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station Daegu Metro Following station  Jincheontowards Seolhwa–Myeonggok  Line 1  Sangintowards Ansim | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


# Wrestling at the 1996 Summer Olympics – Men's freestyle 74 kg

The men's freestyle 74 kilograms at the 1996 Summer Olympics as part of the wrestling program were held at the Georgia World Congress Center from August 1 to August 2. The gold and silver medalists were determined by the final match of the main single-elimination bracket. The losers advanced to the repechage. These matches determined the bronze medalist for the event.

## Results

Legend * **WO** — Won by walkover

### Round 1

|  | Score |  | CP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1/16 finals | | | |
| David Hohl (CAN) | **3–4** | **Boris Budayev (UZB)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| Rein Ozoline (AUS) | 7–15 **Fall** | **Valerij Verhušin (MKD)** | 0–4 **TO** |
| **Takuya Ota (JPN)** | **11–0** | Felipe Guzmán (MEX) | 4–0 **ST** |
| Árpád Ritter (HUN) | **3–5** | **Igor Kozyr (BLR)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| **Park Jang-soon (KOR)** | **4–1** | Magomedsalam Gadzhiev (AZE) | 3–1 **PP** |
| Magomed Kurugliyev (KAZ) | **1–7** | **Victor Peicov (MDA)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| **Radion Kertanti (SVK)** | **4–3** | Turan Ceylan (TUR) | 3–1 **PP** |
| Alberto Rodríguez (CUB) | **1–1** | **Kenny Monday (USA)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| **Buvaisar Saitiev (RUS)** | **8–0** | Issa Momeni (IRI) | 3–0 **PO** |
| **Alexander Leipold (GER)** | **6–0** | Lazaros Loizidis (GRE) | 3–0 **PO** |
| Anthony Avom Mbume (CMR) | **0–10** | **Plamen Paskalev (BUL)** | 0–4 **ST** |

### Round 2

|  | Score |  | CP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1/8 finals | | | |
| Boris Budayev (UZB) | 0–8 **Fall** | **Valerij Verhušin (MKD)** | 0–4 **TO** |
| **Takuya Ota (JPN)** | **4–1** | Igor Kozyr (BLR) | 3–1 **PP** |
| **Park Jang-soon (KOR)** | **3–0** | Victor Peicov (MDA) | 3–0 **PO** |
| Radion Kertanti (SVK) | **1–5** | **Kenny Monday (USA)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| **Buvaisar Saitiev (RUS)** | **3–1** | Alexander Leipold (GER) | 3–1 **PP** |
| **Plamen Paskalev (BUL)** |  | Bye |  |
| Repechage | | | |
| **David Hohl (CAN)** | **11–5** | Rein Ozoline (AUS) | 3–1 **PP** |
| Felipe Guzmán (MEX) | **0–12** | **Árpád Ritter (HUN)** | 0–4 **ST** |
| **Magomedsalam Gadzhiev (AZE)** | **4–0** | Magomed Kurugliyev (KAZ) | 3–0 **PO** |
| Turan Ceylan (TUR) | **0–7** | **Alberto Rodríguez (CUB)** | 0–3 **PO** |
| **Issa Momeni (IRI)** | **3–0** | Lazaros Loizidis (GRE) | 3–0 **PO** |
| **Anthony Avom Mbume (CMR)** |  | Bye |  |

### Round 3

|  | Score |  | CP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Quarterfinals | | | |
| **Plamen Paskalev (BUL)** | **12–0** | Valerij Verhušin (MKD) | 4–0 **ST** |
| Takuya Ota (JPN) | **0–5** | **Park Jang-soon (KOR)** | 0–3 **PO** |
| **Kenny Monday (USA)** |  | Bye |  |
| **Buvaisar Saitiev (RUS)** |  | Bye |  |
| Repechage | | | |
| Anthony Avom Mbume (CMR) | **0–10** | **David Hohl (CAN)** | 0–4 **ST** |
| Árpád Ritter (HUN) | **2–3** | **Magomedsalam Gadzhiev (AZE)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| **Alberto Rodríguez (CUB)** | **4–1** | Issa Momeni (IRI) | 3–1 **PP** |
| **Boris Budayev (UZB)** | **4–2** | Igor Kozyr (BLR) | 3–1 **PP** |
| **Victor Peicov (MDA)** | **5–0** | Radion Kertanti (SVK) | 3–0 **PO** |
| **Alexander Leipold (GER)** |  | Bye |  |

### Round 4

|  | Score |  | CP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Semifinals | | | |
| Plamen Paskalev (BUL) | **3–5** | **Park Jang-soon (KOR)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| Kenny Monday (USA) | **1–6** | **Buvaisar Saitiev (RUS)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| Repechage | | | |
| **Alexander Leipold (GER)** | **10–2** | David Hohl (CAN) | 3–1 **PP** |
| **Magomedsalam Gadzhiev (AZE)** | **6–2** | Alberto Rodríguez (CUB) | 3–1 **PP** |
| Boris Budayev (UZB) | **3–5** | **Victor Peicov (MDA)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| Valerij Verhušin (MKD) | **0–7** | **Takuya Ota (JPN)** | 0–3 **PO** |

### Round 5

|  | Score |  | CP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Repechage | | | |
| **Alexander Leipold (GER)** | **3–0** | Magomedsalam Gadzhiev (AZE) | 3–0 **PO** |
| Victor Peicov (MDA) | **4–5** | **Takuya Ota (JPN)** | 1–3 **PP** |

### Round 6

|  | Score |  | CP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Repechage | | | |
| **Plamen Paskalev (BUL)** | **8–4** | Alexander Leipold (GER) | 3–1 **PP** |
| **Takuya Ota (JPN)** | **4–2** | Kenny Monday (USA) | 3–1 **PP** |

### Finals

|  | Score |  | CP |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Classification 7th–8th | | | |
| Magomedsalam Gadzhiev (AZE) | **WO** | **Victor Peicov (MDA)** | 0–4 **PA** |
| Classification 5th–6th | | | |
| **Alexander Leipold (GER)** | **WO** | Kenny Monday (USA) | 4–0 **PA** |
| Bronze medal match | | | |
| Plamen Paskalev (BUL) | **3–5** | **Takuya Ota (JPN)** | 1–3 **PP** |
| Gold medal match | | | |
| Park Jang-soon (KOR) | **0–5** | **Buvaisar Saitiev (RUS)** | 0–3 **PO** |

## Final standing

| Rank | Athlete |
| --- | --- |
|  | Buvaisar Saitiev (RUS) |
|  | Park Jang-soon (KOR) |
|  | Takuya Ota (JPN) |
| 4 | Plamen Paskalev (BUL) |
| 5 | Alexander Leipold (GER) |
| 6 | Kenny Monday (USA) |
| 7 | Victor Peicov (MDA) |
| 8 | Magomedsalam Gadzhiev (AZE) |
| 9 | David Hohl (CAN) |
| 10 | Valerij Verhušin (MKD) |
| 11 | Alberto Rodríguez (CUB) |
| 12 | Boris Budayev (UZB) |
| 13 | Árpád Ritter (HUN) |
| 14 | Igor Kozyr (BLR) |
| 15 | Radion Kertanti (SVK) |
| 16 | Issa Momeni (IRI) |
| 17 | Rein Ozoline (AUS) |
| 18 | Turan Ceylan (TUR) |
| 19 | Magomed Kurugliyev (KAZ) |
| 20 | Anthony Avom Mbume (CMR) |
| 20 | Lazaros Loizidis (GRE) |
| 20 | Felipe Guzmán (MEX) |

## InfoBox

| Men's freestyle 74 kg<br>at the Games of the XXVI Olympiad | |
| --- | --- |
| Venue | Georgia World Congress Center |
| Dates | 1–2 August 1996 |
| Competitors | 22 from 22 nations |
| Medalists | |
| Buvaisar Saitiev  Russia  Park Jang-soon  South Korea  Takuya Ota  Japan | |
|


title: Wrestling at the 1997 West Asian Games

abstract: Wrestling was one of the many sports which was held at the 1997 West Asian Games in Tehran, Iran between 22 and 23 November 1997. The competition took place at Shohada 7th Tir Stadium.

text:
# Wrestling at the 1997 West Asian Games

**Wrestling** was one of the many sports which was held at the 1997 West Asian Games in Tehran, Iran between 22 and 23 November 1997. The competition took place at Shohada 7th Tir Stadium.

## Medalists

### Freestyle

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 54 kg | Abbas Bandsazi
Iran | Ahmad Davlatov
Tajikistan | Aşirmuhammet Çaryýew
Turkmenistan |
| 58 kg | Hossein Karimi
Iran | Badie Reihani
Syria | Döwletberdi Kasimow
Turkmenistan |
| 63 kg | Mohsen Naderi
Iran | Ayman Al-Shalabi
Syria | Alai Niýazmengliýew
Turkmenistan |
| 69 kg | Ahmad Al-Osta
Syria | H. Taganow
Turkmenistan | Alireza Bahabasteh
Iran |
| 76 kg | Hossein Tatari
Iran | Mohammad Al-Khanati
Syria | Oleg Kadyrow
Turkmenistan |
| 85 kg | Ildar Saifulin
Turkmenistan | Hossein Rastegar
Iran | Jalal Baker
Syria |
| 97 kg | Mohammad Javad Rasekhi
Iran | Abdurazzaq Alimov
Tajikistan | *None awarded* |
| 130 kg | Hamid Ghashang
Iran | Adnan Al-Haiek
Syria | Nasser Bechara
Lebanon |

### Greco-Roman

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 54 kg | Uran Kalilov
Kyrgyzstan | Behrouz Heidarzadeh
Iran | Nepes Gukulow
Turkmenistan |
| 58 kg | Khaled Al-Faraj
Syria | Abdolsaheb Heidarzadeh
Iran | Döwletberdi Mamedow
Turkmenistan |
| 63 kg | Nurjan Jusupov
Kyrgyzstan | Zakaria Nashed
Syria | Gholam Jahanbakhshi
Iran |
| 69 kg | Afshin Mirsalehi
Iran | Yahya Ayoub
Syria | Auaz Ordobaev
Kyrgyzstan |
| 76 kg | Mohammad Al-Ken
Syria | Haýder Çaryýew
Turkmenistan | Azamat Helmabekov
Kyrgyzstan |
| 85 kg | Abdoljabbar Heidarzadeh
Iran | Mohanad Mando
Syria | Mergen Sahatow
Turkmenistan |
| 97 kg | Rasoul Jazini
Iran | Rozy Rejepow
Turkmenistan | Mohammad Al-Haiek
Syria |
| 130 kg | Hassan Ramdoun
Syria | Mehdi Karimi
Iran | Igor Grigorýan
Turkmenistan |

## Medal table

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Iran (IRI) | 9 | 4 | 2 | 15 |
| 2 | Syria (SYR) | 4 | 7 | 2 | 13 |
| 3 | Kyrgyzstan (KGZ) | 2 | 0 | 2 | 4 |
| 4 | Turkmenistan (TKM) | 1 | 3 | 8 | 12 |
| 5 | Tajikistan (TJK) | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 6 | Lebanon (LIB) | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Totals (6 entries) | | 16 | 16 | 15 | 47 |

## InfoBox

| Wrestling
at the 1997 West Asian Games | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Venue | Shohada 7th Tir Stadium |
| Date | 22–23 November 1997 |


abstract: The boys' 54 kg tournament in wrestling at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics was held on August 17 at the International Convention Centre. The event limited competitors to a maximum of 54 kilograms of body mass. The tournament had two groups where wrestlers compete in a round-robin format. The winners of each group would go on to play for the gold medal, second placers played for the bronze medal while everyone else played for classification depending on where they ranked in the group stage.

text:
# Wrestling at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Boys' freestyle 54 kg

The **boys' 54 kg** tournament in **wrestling at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics** was held on August 17 at the International Convention Centre.

The event limited competitors to a maximum of 54 kilograms of body mass. The tournament had two groups where wrestlers compete in a round-robin format. The winners of each group would go on to play for the gold medal, second placers played for the bronze medal while everyone else played for classification depending on where they ranked in the group stage.

## Medalists

| Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Yuki Takahashi
Japan | Kanan Guluyev
Azerbaijan | Mehmet Ali Daylak
Turkey |

## Group stages

### Group A

| Athlete | Pld | C. Points | T. Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Kanan Guluyev (AZE) | 3 | 11 | 27 |
| Yerzon Hernandez (COL) | 3 | 8 | 20 |
| Jayden Lawrence (AUS) | 3 | 5 | 14 |
| Kester Chun Yue Leung (SIN) | 3 | 0 | 0 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Yerzon Hernandez (COL) | **0-2**
(0-**5**, 1-**2**) | **Kanan Guluyev (AZE)** |
| **Jayden Lawrence (AUS)** | **T. Fall**
(**6**–0, **6**–0) | Kester Chun Yue Leung (SIN) |
| **Yerzon Hernandez (COL)** | **2-0**
(**3**–0, **3**–1) | Jayden Lawrence (AUS) |
| **Kanan Guluyev (AZE)** | **T. Fall**
(**6**–0, **7**–0) | Kester Chun Yue Leung (SIN) |
| **Yerzon Hernandez (COL)** | **T. Fall**
(**6**–0, **7**–0) | Kester Chun Yue Leung (SIN) |
| **Kanan Guluyev (AZE)** | **Fall**
(**7**–1) | Jayden Lawrence (AUS) |

### Group B

| Athlete | Pld | C. Points | T. Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Yuki Takahashi (JPN) | 4 | 15 | 39 |
| Mehmet Ali Daylak (TUR) | 4 | 10 | 28 |
| Jeffry Serrata (DOM) | 4 | 7 | 16 |
| Maher Ghanmi (TUN) | 4 | 4 | 14 |
| Prince Mbambi (CGO) | 4 | 1 | 3 |

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Maher Ghanmi (TUN) | **T. Fall**
(0-**6**, 0-**7**) | **Yuki Takahashi (JPN)** |
| Jeffry Serrata (DOM) | **0-2**
(0-**1**, 2-**5**) | **Mehmet Ali Daylak (TUR)** |
| **Maher Ghanmi (TUN)** | **2-0**
(**5**–2, **4**–1) | Prince Mbambi (CGO) |
| **Yuki Takahashi (JPN)** | **Fall**
(**6**–0) | Jeffry Serrata (DOM) |
| Maher Ghanmi (TUN) | **0-2**
(0-**1**, 0-**7**) | **Mehmet Ali Daylak (TUR)** |
| **Yuki Takahashi (JPN)** | **T. Fall**
(**7**–0, **7**–0) | Prince Mbambi (CGO) |
| Maher Ghanmi (TUN) | **0-2**
(0-**2**, 5-**8**) | **Jeffry Serrata (DOM)** |
| **Mehmet Ali Daylak (TUR)** | **T. Fall**
(**8**–0, **6**–0) | Prince Mbambi (CGO) |
| **Yuki Takahashi (JPN)** | **2-0**
(**3**–0, **3**–0) | Mehmet Ali Daylak (TUR) |
| **Jeffry Serrata (DOM)** | **2-0**
(**3**–0, **1**–0) | Prince Mbambi (CGO) |

## Classification

### 7th-place match

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Kester Chun Yue Leung (SIN) | **T. Fall**
(0-**7**, 0-**6**) | **Maher Ghanmi (TUN)** |

### 5th-place match

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Jayden Lawrence (AUS)** | **2-1**
(**6**–0, 0-**8**, **6**–3) | Jeffry Serrata (DOM) |

### Bronze-medal match

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Yerzon Hernandez (COL) | **0-2**
(2-**6**, 1-**3**) | **Mehmet Ali Daylak (TUR)** |

### Gold-medal match

|  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Kanan Guluyev (AZE) | **0-2**
(0-**4**, 0-**4**) | **Yuki Takahashi (JPN)** |

## Final rankings

| Rank | Athlete |
| --- | --- |
|  | Yuki Takahashi (JPN) |
|  | Kanan Guluyev (AZE) |
|  | Mehmet Ali Daylak (TUR) |
| 4 | Yerzon Hernandez (COL) |
| 5 | Jayden Lawrence (AUS) |
| 6 | Jeffry Serrata (DOM) |
| 7 | Maher Ghanmi (TUN) |
| 8 | Kester Chun Yue Leung (SIN) |
| 9 | Prince Mbambi (CGO) |


title: Wu Wenkai

abstract: Wu Wenkai is a Chinese badminton player. He competed in the men's singles tournament at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

text:
# Wu Wenkai

**Wu Wenkai** (born 28 November 1970) is a Chinese badminton player. He competed in the men's singles tournament at the 1992 Summer Olympics.

## Achievements

### World Cup

*Men's singles*

| Year | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1990 | Istora Senayan, Jakarta, Indonesia | Zhao Jianhua | 15–6, 15–7 | **Gold** |
| 1991 | Macau Forum, Macau | Ardy Wiranata | 16–18, 3–15 | **Bronze** |

### Asian Championships

*Men's singles*

| Year | Venue | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1991 | Cheras Indoor Stadium, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | Rashid Sidek | 15–4, 7–15, 9–15 | **Bronze** |

### IBF World Grand Prix

The World Badminton Grand Prix sanctioned by International Badminton Federation (IBF) from 1983 to 2006.

*Men's singles*

| Year | Tournament | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1988 | Malaysia Open | Xiong Guobao | 15–11, 6–15, 2–15 | **Runner-up** |
| 1989 | Hong Kong Open | Foo Kok Keong | 15–11, 15–11 | **Winner** |
| 1991 | Japan Open | Ardy Wiranata | 15–12, 4–15, 7–15 | **Runner-up** |
| 1991 | Hong Kong Open | Liu Jun | 10–15, 10–15 | **Runner-up** |
| 1991 | World Grand Prix Finals | Zhao Jianhua | 9–15, 15–5, 7–15 | **Runner-up** |
| 1992 | Korea Open | Alan Budi Kusuma | 15–7, 15–11 | **Winner** |
| 1992 | China Open | Hermawan Susanto | 13–18, 9–15 | **Runner-up** |
| 1992 | Hong Kong Open | Hariyanto Arbi | 15–4, 15–13 | **Winner** |

### IBF International

*Men's singles*

| Year | Tournament | Opponent | Score | Result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1991 | Korea Open | Joko Suprianto | 15–6, 15–2 | **Winner** |

## InfoBox

| Wu Wenkai
吴文凯 | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Country | China |
| Born | (1970-11-28) 28 November 1970
Wuming district, Guangxi, China |
| Height | 1.86 m (6 ft 1 in) |
| Handedness | Left |
| Medal record      Men's badminton  Representing  China  World Cup  1990 Bandung & Jakarta  Men's singles  1991 Macau  Men's singles  Sudirman Cup  1991 Copenhagen  Mixed team  1993 Birmingham  Mixed team  Thomas Cup  1992 Kuala Lumpur  Men's team  Asian Games  1990 Beijing  Men's team  Asian Championships  1989 Shanghai  Men's team  1993 Hong Kong  Men's team  1991 Kuala Lumpur  Men's singles | |
| BWF profile | |


title: Wyler's

abstract: Wyler's is a food and beverage brand established by Wyler's Company in 1931. The brand is now owned by Kraft Heinz for bouillon and dry soup mixes and by The Jel Sert Company for powdered drink mixes.

text:
# Wyler's

Wyler's (beverage)
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Product type | Powdered drink mix, Italian ice |
| Owner | Jel Sert |
| Country | United States |
| Introduced | 1954 (1954) |
| Markets | United States |
| Previous owners | Wyler's Company (1954-1961)
Borden (1961-1986)
Lipton (1986-1994) |
| Website | jelsert.com/wylers |

**Wyler's** is a food and beverage brand established by Wyler's Company in 1931. The brand is now owned by Kraft Heinz for bouillon and dry soup mixes and by The Jel Sert Company for powdered drink mixes.

## History

The spouses Silvain and Arma Wyler established Wyler's Company in 1931 selling its first product, chicken bouillon cubes. Wyler's began manufacturing bouillon cubes in Chicago in the 1940s and developed bouillon powder, dry soup mixes and powdered drink mixes in the 1950s.

Borden acquired Wyler's Company in 1961.

The Wyler's powdered drink business was sold to Lipton in 1986. Jel Sert bought the Wyler's powdered drink business from Lipton parent Unilever in 1994.

When Borden exited the food business in 2001, it sold the Wyler's bouillon and dry soup business to H. J. Heinz Company. H. J. Heinz Company would merge with Kraft Foods in 2015, creating Kraft Heinz.

## InfoBox

Wyler's (food)
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Product type | Bouillon cube and powder, instant soup |
| Owner | Kraft Heinz |
| Country | United States |
| Introduced | 1931 (1931) |
| Markets | United States |
| Previous owners | Wyler's Company (1931-1961)
Borden (1961-2001)
H. J. Heinz Company (2001-2015) |
| Tagline | "Homemade taste for the way you cook today!" |
| Website | wylers.com |


title: Listed buildings in Walgherton

text:
# Listed buildings in Walgherton

Walgherton is a civil parish in Cheshire East, England. It contains three buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings, all of which are listed at Grade II. This grade is the lowest of the three gradings given to listed buildings and is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest". The parish is rural, and the listed buildings consist of two timber-framed houses and a pair of former lodges to a country house.

| Name and location | Photograph | Date | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| The Cottage
53°02′13″N 2°27′06″W / 53.03689°N 2.45158°W / 53.03689; -2.45158 (The Cottage) |  | 17th century | A house that is partly timber-framed with rendered infill, and partly in brick painted to resemble timber-framing. It has a shingled roof, and is in two storeys. In the ground floor are a French window; the other windows are casements, those in the upper storey being in gabled dormers. To the right is a 20th-century extension. |
| Thatchers
53°02′18″N 2°27′18″W / 53.03828°N 2.45491°W / 53.03828; -2.45491 (Thatchers) |  | 17th century | A house that was altered in the 19th and 20th centuries. It is partly timber-framed, and partly in brick painted to resemble timber-framing, and has a thatched roof. The house is in two storeys, and has a three-bay front with a lean-to porch to the left of centre. The windows are casements, those in the upper storey being in gabled dormers. Inside the house is an inglenook. |
| Lodges, gates and gate piers
53°02′12″N 2°27′08″W / 53.03669°N 2.45221°W / 53.03669; -2.45221 (Lodges, gates and gate piers) |  | c. 1771–90 | A pair of lodges with gates and gate piers at the northern entrance to Doddington Hall, designed by Samuel Wyatt. The lodges are in sandstone with pyramidal tile roofs, each has a square plan, is in a single storey, and contains sash windows. Between the lodges and the gate piers are wicket gates, and between the piers are double gates. The piers are rusticated and have pyramidal caps. |
|

**Citations**

**Sources**

* Historic England, "The Cottage, Walgherton (1138516)", *National Heritage List for England*, retrieved 10 July 2014
* Historic England, "Thatchers, Walgherton (1312497)", *National Heritage List for England*, retrieved 10 July 2014
* Historic England, "East & West lodges, gates and piers, Walgherton (1138515)", *National Heritage List for England*, retrieved 10 July 2014
* Historic England, *Listed Buildings*, retrieved 3 April 2015
* Hartwell, Clare; Hyde, Matthew; Hubbard, Edward; Pevsner, Nikolaus (2011) \[1971\], *Cheshire*, The Buildings of England, Yale University Press, ISBN 978-0-300-17043-6


title: Shimazuia

abstract: Shimazuia is a genus of trematodes in the family Opecoelidae. It consists of one species, Shimazuia lethrini.

text:
# Shimazuia

***Shimazuia*** is a genus of trematodes in the family Opecoelidae. It consists of one species, ***Shimazuia lethrini***.

## InfoBox

| *Shimazuia* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Platyhelminthes |
| Class: | Trematoda |
| Order: | Plagiorchiida |
| Family: | Opecoelidae |
| Subfamily: | Pseudoplagioporinae |
| Genus: | *Shimazuia*
Cribb, 2005 |
| Species: | ***S. lethrini*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Shimazuia lethrini***
(Yamaguti, 1938) Cribb, 2005 | |
|


title: Mimolaia pichincha

abstract: Mimolaia pichincha is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 1992. It is known from Ecuador.

text:
# Mimolaia pichincha

***Mimolaia pichincha*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Galileo and Martins in 1992. It is known from Ecuador.

## InfoBox

| *Mimolaia pichincha* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | ***Mimolaia*** |
| Species: | ***M. pichincha*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mimolaia pichincha***<br>Galileo & Martins, 1992 | |
|


abstract: The 1959–60 Connecticut Huskies men's basketball team represented the University of Connecticut in the 1959–60 collegiate men's basketball season. The Huskies completed the season with a 17–9 overall record. The Huskies were members of the Yankee Conference, where they ended the season with an 8–2 record. They were the Yankee Conference regular season champions and made it to the first round in the 1960 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament. The Huskies played their home games at Hugh S. Greer Field House in Storrs, Connecticut, and were led by fourteenth-year head coach Hugh Greer.

text:
# 1959–60 Connecticut Huskies men's basketball team

1959–60 Yankee Conference men's basketball standings
|  | Conf | | | | |  |  | Overall | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Team | W |  | L |  | PCT |  |  | W |  | L |  | PCT |
| Connecticut | 8 |  | 2 |  | .800 |  |  | 17 |  | 9 |  | .654 |
| Maine | 6 |  | 4 |  | .600 |  |  | 19 |  | 4 |  | .826 |
| Massachusetts | 6 |  | 4 |  | .600 |  |  | 14 |  | 10 |  | .583 |
| Rhode Island | 6 |  | 4 |  | .600 |  |  | 12 |  | 14 |  | .462 |
| Vermont | 2 |  | 8 |  | .200 |  |  | 9 |  | 11 |  | .450 |
| New Hampshire | 2 |  | 8 |  | .200 |  |  | 9 |  | 14 |  | .391 |
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The **1959–60 Connecticut Huskies men's basketball team** represented the University of Connecticut in the 1959–60 collegiate men's basketball season. The Huskies completed the season with a 17–9 overall record. The Huskies were members of the Yankee Conference, where they ended the season with an 8–2 record. They were the Yankee Conference regular season champions and made it to the first round in the 1960 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament. The Huskies played their home games at Hugh S. Greer Field House in Storrs, Connecticut, and were led by fourteenth-year head coach Hugh Greer.

## Schedule

| Date
time, TV | Rank# | Opponent# | Result | Record | Site (attendance)
city, state |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Regular Season | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 12/1/1959*
 |  | American International | **W** 82–52 | 1–0
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 12/5/1959*
 |  | Yale | **W** 66–55 | 2–0
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 12/9/1959
 |  | at New Hampshire | **W** 75–51 | 3–0 (1–0)
 | Lundholm Gym
Durham, NH |
| 12/12/1959*
 |  | Boston College | **W** 84–67 | 4–0
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 12/15/1959
 |  | at Massachusetts | **L** 60–62 | 4–1 (1–1)
 | Curry Hicks Cage
Amherst, MA |
| 12/19/1959*
 |  | at Rutgers | **W** 74–62 | 5–1
 | College Avenue Gymnasium
Newark, NJ |
| 12/22/1959*
 |  | Santa Clara | **L** 47–54 | 5–2
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 1/2/1960*
 |  | at Fordham | **W** 80–66 | 6–2
 | Rose Hill Gymnasium
Bronx, NY |
| 1/5/1960
 |  | New Hampshire | **W** 75–52 | 7–2 (2–1)
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 1/9/1960*
 |  | Holy Cross | **L** 49–52 | 7–3
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 1/13/1960*
 |  | Boston University | **W** 78–60 | 8–3
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 1/16/1960*
 |  | at Niagara | **L** 72–112 | 8–4
 | Gallagher Center
Lewiston, NY |
| 1/30/1960*
 |  | Manhattan | **W** 64–56 | 9–4
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 2/2/1960*
 |  | at Syracuse
*Rivalry* | **L** 64–65 | 9–5
 | Oncenter War Memorial Arena
Syracuse, NY |
| 2/4/1960
 |  | at Vermont | **W** 71–65 | 10–5 (3–1)
 |
Burlington, VT |
| 2/6/1960
 |  | at Maine | **L** 74–75 | 10–6 (3–2)
 | Memorial Gymnasium
Orono, ME |
| 2/9/1960
 |  | at Rhode Island | **W** 66–62 | 11–6 (4–2)
 | Keaney Gymnasium
Kingston, RI |
| 2/12/1960
 |  | Maine | **W** 91–79 | 12–6 (5–2)
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 2/13/1960*
 |  | at Temple | **L** 67–69 | 12–7
 |
Philadelphia, PA |
| 2/16/1960
 |  | Massachusetts | **W** 71–49 | 13–7 (6–2)
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 2/20/1960*
 |  | at Holy Cross | **L** 66–98 | 13–8
 |
Worcester, MA |
| 2/23/1960*
 |  | Canisius | **W** 96–66 | 14–8
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 2/27/1960
 |  | Vermont | **W** 84–73 | 15–8 (7–2)
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 3/3/1960*
 |  | Colgate | **W** 93–67 | 16–8
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| 3/5/1960
 |  | Rhode Island | **W** 95–79 | 17–8 (8–2)
 | Hugh S. Greer Field House
Storrs, CT |
| NCAA Tournament | | | | | | | | | | | |
| 3/8/1960*
 |  | vs. NYU
*First Round* | **L** 59–78 | 17–9
 | Madison Square Garden
New York, NY |
| *Non-conference game. #Rankings from AP Poll. (#) Tournament seedings in parentheses.
All times are in Eastern Time. | | | | | | | | | | | |

**Schedule Source:**

## InfoBox

| 1959–60 Connecticut Huskies men's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
| Yankee Conference Regular Season Champions | |
| NCAA University Division Tournament, First Round | |
| Conference | Yankee Conference |
| Record | 17–9 (8–2 YC) |
| Head coach |  |
| Assistant coach | Nick Rodis |
| Home arena | Hugh S. Greer Field House |
|


title: Swamp Thing (video game)

abstract: Swamp Thing is a platform video game for the NES and Game Boy. Based on the animated series of the same name, of the DC Comics superhero character Swamp Thing. It was published by THQ and released in December 1992. A Swamp Thing title was also in development by Microsmiths for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis but was canceled. It would have been published by NuVision Entertainment.

text:
# Swamp Thing (video game)

***Swamp Thing*** is a platform video game for the NES and Game Boy. Based on the animated series of the same name, of the DC Comics superhero character Swamp Thing. It was published by THQ and released in December 1992.

A Swamp Thing title was also in development by Microsmiths for the Sega Mega Drive/Genesis but was canceled. It would have been published by NuVision Entertainment.

## Gameplay

The NES version of *Swamp Thing* borrows the game engine from *The Simpsons: Bart vs. the Space Mutants*. Its introduction features the origin story of Swamp Thing and as depicted in the 1991 animated series. The player takes the role of the title character battling foes throughout the Louisiana swamps and other locations in a side-scrolling format. Swamp Thing's attack methods include punching and firing "sludge balls" which are acquired throughout the game. The player must venture through various stages, which include a graveyard, chemical factory, toxic dump, and finally, Arcane's lab. Bosses include Arcane's Un-Men, Dr. Deemo, Weedkiller, Skinman, and finally, Arcane himself.

In Game Boy's *Swamp Thing*, stages include the Arctic, the desert, and contaminated rainforests. Swamp Thing also uses tools like camouflage and thorn skin, and he must recycle scattered garbage in order to score points and gain additional powers.

## Reception

Aside from marginal graphics, the NES *Swamp Thing* has received average to generally negative reviews for its high difficulty, poor music, and dull gameplay. While perhaps faring better than its NES counterpart, the Game Boy version of *Swamp Thing* was not met with high praise either, getting a 2.5/5 score from *Nintendo Power*.

1. Buchanan, Adam (November 14, 2010). "Unreleased Sega Megadrive game Swamp Thing Prototype ROM dumped". *RetroCollect*. Archived from the original on 2017-01-13. Retrieved 2020-12-11.
2. Swamp Thing Sega Retro. Retrieved on 7-23-11.
3. SubSane Swamp Thing Video Game FAQ/Walkthrough GameFAQs (April 5, 2005). Retrieved March 15, 2018.
4. IGN: Swamp Thing IGN.com. Retrieved February 3, 2008.
5. "Swamp Thing Game Boy Review Score". Archived from the original on 2019-05-21.
6. Alan Weiss, Brett. "Swamp Thing". *AllGame*. Archived from the original on November 15, 2014. Retrieved September 1, 2020.
7. Harris, Steve; Semrad, Ed; Alessi, Martin; Sushi-X (January 1993). "Swamp Thing". *Electronic Gaming Monthly*. No. 42. p. 34.
8. Andromeda (September 1992). "Swamp Thing". *GamePro*. No. 38. p. 126.
9. Sinfield, George; Noel, Rob; Hill, Jade (November 1992). "Now Playing". *Nintendo Power*. Vol. 42. p. 104, score on 107.
10. Beaven, James (February 1993). "Swamp Thing". *Total!*. No. 14. p. 69.

## InfoBox

| Swamp Thing | |
| --- | --- |
| North American NES version cover art | |
| Developer(s) | Imagineering (NES)
Equilibrium (GB) |
| Publisher(s) | Toy Headquarters |
| Designer(s) | Barry Marx (NES)
Dan Kitchen (NES)
David Lubar (NES)
Christian Dana Perry (GB)
Curtis Norris (GB)
Timothy H. Mensch (GB) |
| Composer(s) | Mark Van Hecke (NES)
Ed Bogas (Game Boy) |
| Platform(s) | NES
Game Boy |
| Release | December 1992 |
| Genre(s) | Platform |
| Mode(s) | Single-player |


abstract: National Science Film Festival and Competition(Rashtriya Vigyan Chalchitra Mela) is organised by Vigyan Prasar, the Indian Department of Science and Technology in collaboration with Jahangirabad Media Institute as a part of the Indian Science Congress 2011. It is open to individual producers as well as production houses.

text:
# National Science Film Festival and Competition

**National Science Film Festival and Competition**(Rashtriya Vigyan Chalchitra Mela) is organised by Vigyan Prasar, the Indian Department of Science and Technology in collaboration with Jahangirabad Media Institute as a part of the Indian Science Congress 2011. It is open to individual producers as well as production houses.

## Objective

The festival is an initiative of Vigyan Prasar and the Government of India to promote science films in India. Science filmmaking is not a developed field in India compared to many other developed countries. The festival is meant to bring attention towards the need of quality science film making in the country.

## Awards

* Category A: Films made by government and non-government institutions / organisations
* Category B: Films made by individual / independent film makers
* Category C: Films made by students pursuing degree / diploma level courses
* Category D: Films made by students studying in class 6th to 12th
* Technical Excellence Awards
* Special Jury Awards

## Winners of National Science Film Festival 2019

Winners of the National Science Film Festival 2019

**Category 'Rainbow': Films made by School Students**

* Winner Golden Beaver Award: **Automating Agriculture** Directed by **Rishu Tiwari**
* Silver Beaver Award: Everyone is Unique Directed by Alina Nakshbandi
* Bronze Beaver Award: Accessible Light Directed by Ananya Jain

## InfoBox

National Science Film Festival and Competition 2019
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Chandigarh, India |
| Awards | Golden Beaver Award
Silver Beaver Award
Bronze Beaver Award |
| Festival date | 27 January 2019 (2019-01-27) \- 31 January 2019 (2019-01-31) |
| Language | International |
| Website | vigyanprasar.gov.in/9th-national-science-film-festival-of-india |


title: Xanthomorda

abstract:
Xanthomorda is a genus of beetles in the family Mordellidae, containing the following species:
  - Xanthomorda aequalis Batten, 1990
  - Xanthomorda cooteri Batten, 1990
  - Xanthomorda elegantissima Batten, 1990
  - Xanthomorda garambaensis Ermisch, 1969
  - Xanthomorda guineensis Ermisch, 1969
  - Xanthomorda paarlbergi Batten, 1990
  - Xanthomorda papuanica Batten, 1990
  - Xanthomorda plazae Batten, 1990

text:
# Xanthomorda

***Xanthomorda*** is a genus of beetles in the family Mordellidae, containing the following species:

## InfoBox

| *Xanthomorda* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Suborder: | Polyphaga |
| Family: | Mordellidae |
| Subfamily: | Mordellinae |
| Tribe: | Mordellistenini |
| Genus: | ***Xanthomorda***<br>Ermisch, 1968 |
|