title: Luodian County

abstract: Luodian County is a county under the administration of Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in the south of Guizhou province, China, bordering Guangxi to the south. The climate in the area is humid subtropical, with strong monsoon influences bringing heavy rain during the summer. Winters are dry due to the influence of the Siberian high-pressure system. The county seat and the largest town in the county is also named Luodian; it was formerly known as Longping. The county is frequented by both Chinese and foreign geologists, with the core area of work called Big Guizhoutan, or Big Guizhou Shoal. This has been called a "treasure land for Triassic Period research."

text:
# Luodian County

**Luodian County** (simplified Chinese: 罗甸县; traditional Chinese: 羅甸縣; pinyin: *Luódiàn Xiàn*) is a county under the administration of Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in the south of Guizhou province, China, bordering Guangxi to the south.

The climate in the area is humid subtropical, with strong monsoon influences bringing heavy rain during the summer. Winters are dry due to the influence of the Siberian high-pressure system.

The county seat and the largest town in the county is also named Luodian; it was formerly known as **Longping.**

The county is frequented by both Chinese and foreign geologists, with the core area of work called Big Guizhoutan, or Big Guizhou Shoal. This has been called a "treasure land for Triassic Period research."

## Administrative divisions

Luodian County is divided into 1 subdistrict, 8 towns and 1 township:

subdistrict * Huxing 斛兴街道

towns * Longping 龙坪镇
* Bianyang 边阳镇
* Fengting 逢亭镇
* Moyang 沫阳镇
* Maojing 茂井镇
* Luokun 罗悃镇
* Hongshuihe 红水河镇
* Muyin 木引镇

township * Fengting 凤亭乡

## History

In 629, the Tang dynasty put Le'an County (now Luodian) under the jurisdiction of Zhuangzhou.

Luodian was the seat of the Yi-speaking Luodian Kingdom (羅甸國) in the 9th century.

In 1292, Yuan dynasty set up Yuanfu, Le'an County was renamed Luobo County, and was put under its jurisdiction.

During the Ming dynasty, Luodian County was affiliated to the Luoboguan Inspection Department of Xilongzhou, Guangxi Province.

In the Qing dynasty, in 1727, Yongfeng Prefecture was set up, and the Luoju Court (now Luodian) was within the territory.

In 1749, Luojing Prefecture was renamed to the Prefecture of Fanzhou and was transferred to Guiyang Prefecture.

In 1913, Luojing was under the jurisdiction of Yuzhong Circuit (in Guiyang). In 1914, Luojing was set up as a county of Guizhou Province.

On March 23, 1951, Luodian was under PRC control, and the next day the Luodian County People's Government was established.

## Climate

| Climate data for Luodian, elevation 450 m (1,480 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 31.6
(88.9) | 35.5
(95.9) | 36.9
(98.4) | 39.5
(103.1) | 41.2
(106.2) | 37.6
(99.7) | 39.6
(103.3) | 38.5
(101.3) | 38.5
(101.3) | 36.3
(97.3) | 33.6
(92.5) | 32.6
(90.7) | 41.2
(106.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 14.8
(58.6) | 18.1
(64.6) | 22.4
(72.3) | 27.6
(81.7) | 30.0
(86.0) | 31.3
(88.3) | 32.6
(90.7) | 33.0
(91.4) | 30.8
(87.4) | 26.1
(79.0) | 22.2
(72.0) | 16.9
(62.4) | 25.5
(77.9) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 10.4
(50.7) | 13.0
(55.4) | 16.7
(62.1) | 21.5
(70.7) | 24.2
(75.6) | 26.0
(78.8) | 27.0
(80.6) | 26.7
(80.1) | 24.6
(76.3) | 20.6
(69.1) | 16.5
(61.7) | 11.9
(53.4) | 19.9
(67.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.8
(46.0) | 9.7
(49.5) | 13.1
(55.6) | 17.3
(63.1) | 20.2
(68.4) | 22.6
(72.7) | 23.5
(74.3) | 23.0
(73.4) | 20.8
(69.4) | 17.4
(63.3) | 13.1
(55.6) | 8.9
(48.0) | 16.5
(61.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −1.4
(29.5) | −0.1
(31.8) | 2.3
(36.1) | 7.4
(45.3) | 10.7
(51.3) | 16.4
(61.5) | 15.8
(60.4) | 16.9
(62.4) | 13.1
(55.6) | 7.9
(46.2) | 2.5
(36.5) | −1.8
(28.8) | −1.8
(28.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 20.4
(0.80) | 21.0
(0.83) | 44.3
(1.74) | 77.1
(3.04) | 189.9
(7.48) | 273.6
(10.77) | 193.1
(7.60) | 122.9
(4.84) | 94.4
(3.72) | 64.2
(2.53) | 35.6
(1.40) | 17.3
(0.68) | 1,153.8
(45.43) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 8.4 | 7.5 | 10.0 | 12.6 | 14.5 | 16.5 | 16.3 | 13.5 | 9.4 | 9.9 | 7.2 | 6.6 | 132.4 |
| Average snowy days | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 1.3 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 75 | 72 | 71 | 72 | 76 | 82 | 82 | 81 | 78 | 80 | 78 | 74 | 77 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 44.9 | 61.5 | 82.6 | 116.8 | 128.9 | 107.7 | 149.8 | 173.1 | 138.9 | 95.1 | 90.8 | 66.7 | 1,256.8 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 13 | 19 | 22 | 30 | 31 | 26 | 36 | 43 | 38 | 27 | 28 | 20 | 28 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administrationall-time extreme temperature | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

1. "China key to solving riddle of extinction", Shanghai Daily (English version), August 22, 2005
2. 2023年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：罗甸县 (in Simplified Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of China.
3. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
4. 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 28 April 2023.
5. "Extreme Temperatures Around the World". Retrieved 2024-09-22.

## InfoBox

| Luodian County 罗甸县 | |
| --- | --- |
| County | |
| Luodian is the division at the southwest corner of this map of Qiannan | |
| Qiannan in Guizhou | |
| Coordinates (Luodian County government): 25°25′33″N 106°45′07″E / 25.4258°N 106.7520°E / 25.4258; 106.7520 | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Guizhou |
| Autonomous prefecture | Qiannan |
| County seat | Longping |
| Area | |
| Total | 3,010 km2 (1,160 sq mi) |
| Population (2010) | |
| Total | 256,488 |
| Density | 85/km2 (220/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |


title: The Best of The Beau Brummels 1964–1968

abstract: The Best of the Beau Brummels 1964–1968, sometimes titled The Best of the Beau Brummels: Golden Archive Series, is a compilation album by American rock band The Beau Brummels. Released in 1987 by Rhino Records, the album features 18 songs, including the band's biggest hit singles—"Laugh, Laugh", "Just a Little", "You Tell Me Why", and "Don't Talk to Strangers"—as well as songs which never appeared on an album before this collection, such as the 1967 single "Here We Are Again".

text:
# The Best of The Beau Brummels 1964–1968

***The Best of the Beau Brummels 1964–1968***, sometimes titled *The Best of the Beau Brummels: Golden Archive Series*, is a compilation album by American rock band The Beau Brummels. Released in 1987 by Rhino Records, the album features 18 songs, including the band's biggest hit singles—"Laugh, Laugh", "Just a Little", "You Tell Me Why", and "Don't Talk to Strangers"—as well as songs which never appeared on an album before this collection, such as the 1967 single "Here We Are Again".

## Reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

Allmusic writer Bruce Eder said the album "holds up as either an introduction to, or survey of the band's history," adding "the annotation is very good as well, and is supported by great artwork." Eder added, "Casual listeners will probably love this CD, but after a few listens, they may join the serious fans in wishing that a more expansive survey of the Beau Brummels' work — along the lines of Rhino's double-CD anthologies on The Association and The Turtles \[...\] could be assembled." Author and journalist Richie Unterberger described the album as "a good 18-song survey of their 1960s tracks," though he questioned the omission of 'I Want You', the B-side to the 1965 single "You Tell Me Why". The album was named by Allmusic one of the "15 Most Essential Recordings" in folk rock.

## Track listing

1. "Laugh, Laugh" (Elliott) — 3:03
2. "Still in Love With You Baby" (Elliott) — 2:32
3. "Just a Little" (Elliott, Durand) — 3:04
4. "They'll Make You Cry" (Elliott) — 2:25
5. "You Tell Me Why" (Elliott) — 3:05
6. "Don't Talk to Strangers" (Elliott, Durand) — 2:21
7. "In Good Time" (Elliott) — 1:48
8. "When It Comes to Your Love" (Elliott) — 2:12
9. "Sad Little Girl" (Elliott) — 3:30
10. "Gentle Wandering Ways" (Elliott) — 2:41
11. "One Too Many Mornings" (Dylan) — 2:51
12. "Here We Are Again" (Valentino) — 2:51
13. "Fine With Me" (Elliott) — 2:26
14. "Don't Make Promises" (Hardin) — 2:37
15. "Two Days 'Til Tomorrow" (Elliott, Durand) — 2:32
16. "Magic Hollow" (Elliott, Valentino) — 2:52
17. "Are You Happy" (Elliott, Durand) — 2:18
18. "Deep Water" (Elliott, Valentino) — 2:30

## InfoBox

| The Best of the Beau Brummels 1964–1968 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Greatest hits album by The Beau Brummels | |
| Released | 1987 |
| Recorded | 1964–1968 |
| Genre | Folk rock, pop, rock, country rock |
| Length | 47:51 |
| Label | Rhino |
| Producer | Sylvester "Sly Stone" Stewart, Lenny Waronker |


abstract: This List of members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters Department of Art shows the members of one of the three departments of the American Academy of Arts and Letters. After being nominated by current members, new members are selected in two elections, the first by the department they join. Candidates who receive the most votes in their own department are then voted on by the entire membership.

text:
# List of members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters Department of Art

This **List of members of the American Academy of Arts and Letters Department of Art** shows the members of one of the three departments of the American Academy of Arts and Letters.

After being nominated by current members, new members are selected in two elections, the first by the department they join (Art, Literature or Music). Candidates who receive the most votes in their own department are then voted on by the entire membership.

## Current members

## A

## B

## C

## D

## E

## F

## G

## H

## I

## J

## K

## L

## M

## N

## O

## P

## R

## S

## T

## V

## W

## Deceased members

Complete list at

| Name | Life | Elected |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Edwin Austin Abbey | 1852-1911 | 1898 |
| Herbert Adams | 1858-1945 | 1898 |
| Wayman Adams | 1883-1959 | 1929 |
| David Adler | 1882-1949 | 1946 |
| Robert Ingersoll Aitken | 1878-1949 | 1915 |
| Josef Albers | 1888-1976 | 1968 |
| Ivan Albright | 1897-1983 | 1957 |
| Chester Aldrich | 1871-1940 | 1937 |
| John White Alexander | 1856-1915 | 1898 |
| Edmond Amateis | 1897-1981 | 1952 |
| Alexander Archipenko | 1887-1964 | 1962 |
| John Taylor Arms | 1887-1953 | 1932 |
| Louis Ayres | 1874-1947 | 1944 |
| George Fletcher Babb | 1836-1915 | 1907 |
| Henry Bacon | 1866-1924 | 1913 |
| Peggy Bacon | 1895-1987 | 1956 |
| William Bailey | 1930-2020 | 1986 |
| John Baldessari | 1931-2020 | 2008 |
| Hugo Ballin | 1879-1956 | 1908 |
| George Gray Barnard | 1863-1938 | 1908 |
| Edward Larrabee Barnes | 1915-2004 | 1991 |
| Frederic Clay Bartlett | 1873-1953 | 1916 |
| Paul Wayland Bartlett | 1865-1925 | 1908 |
| Leonard Baskin | 1922-2000 | 1963 |
| Chester Beach | 1881-1956 | 1918 |
| Gifford Beal | 1879-1956 | 1923 |
| Romare Bearden | 1912-1988 | 1972 |
| Cecilia Beaux | 1855-1942 | 1930 |
| J. Carroll Beckwith | 1852-1917 | 1898 |
| George Wesley Bellows | 1882-1925 | 1918 |
| Pietro Belluschi | 1899-1994 | 1955 |
| Frank W. Benson | 1862-1951 | 1911 |
| Thomas Hart Benton | 1889-1975 | 1942 |
| Eugene Berman | 1899-1972 | 1964 |
| Leonid Berman | 1896-1976 | 1976 |
| Louis Betts | 1873-1961 | 1912 |
| George Biddle | 1885-1973 | 1961 |
| Albert Bierstadt | 1830-1902 | 1898 |
| Elmer Bischoff | 1916-1991 | 1988 |
| Isabel Bishop | 1902-1988 | 1944 |
| Karl Bitter | 1867-1915 | 1910 |
| Edwin Blashfield | 1848-1936 | 1898 |
| Hyman Bloom | 1913-2009 | 1974 |
| Robert Frederick Blum | 1857-1903 | 1898 |
| Peter Blume | 1906-1992 | 1951 |
| Varujan Boghosian | 1926-2020 | 1986 |
| Ilya Bolotowsky | 1907-1981 | 1982 |
| Charles Louis Borie Jr. | 1871-1943 | 1937 |
| Louis Bouche | 1896-1969 | 1983 |
| Louise Bourgeois | 1911-2010 | 1983 |
| Marcel Breuer | 1902-1981 | 1965 |
| Alexander Brook | 1898-1980 | 1942 |
| James Brooks | 1906-1992 | 1973 |
| Richard E. Brooks | 1865-1919 | 1908 |
| Arthur Brown Jr. | 1874-1957 | 1940 |
| Glenn Brown | 1854-1932 | 1909 |
| George Elmer Browne | 1871-1946 | 1929 |
| Edward Bruce | 1879-1943 | 1939 |
| Arnold W. Brunner | 1857-1925 | 1913 |
| George de Forest Brush | 1855-1941 | 1898 |
| William Gedney Bunce | 1840-1916 | 1898 |
| Gordon Bunshaft | 1909-1990 | 1960 |
| Charles E. Burchfield | 1893-1967 | 1943 |
| David Burliuk | 1882-1967 | 1967 |
| Daniel Burnham | 1846-1912 | 1906 |
| Howard Russell Butler | 1856-1934 | 1916 |
| Paul Cadmus | 1904-1999 | 1975 |
| Alexander Calder | 1898-1976 | 1960 |
| Alexander Stirling Calder | 1870-1945 | 1916 |
| Emil Carlsen | 1853-1932 | 1908 |
| John M. Carrere | 1858-1911 | 1908 |
| Federico Castellon | 1914-1971 | 1968 |
| Giorgio Cavallon | 1904-1989 | 1988 |
| William Merritt Chase | 1849-1916 | 1898 |
| Christo | 1935-2020 | 1989 |
| Allan Clark | 1896-1950 | 1931 |
| Gilmore David Clarke | 1892-1982 | 1937 |
| Ralph Clarkson | 1861-1942 | 1912 |
| Henry N. Cobb | 1926-2020 | 1980 |
| Timothy Cole | 1852-1931 | 1908 |
| Alfred Q. Collins | 1855-1903 | 1898 |
| Walter Cook | 1846-1916 | 1908 |
| Gardner Cox | 1906-1988 | 1957 |
| Kenyon Cox | 1856-1919 | 1898 |
| Ralph Adams Cram | 1863-1942 | 1915 |
| Paul Philippe Cret | 1876-1945 | 1936 |
| John Walter Cross | 1878-1951 | 1947 |
| Frederic Crowninshield | 1845-1918 | 1908 |
| John Steuart Curry | 1897-1946 | 1942 |
| Cyrus Dallin | 1861-1944 | 1916 |
| Peter Dalton | 1894-1972 | 1952 |
| William T. Dannat | 1853-1929 | 1898 |
| Jo Davidson | 1883-1952 | 1944 |
| Stuart Davis | 1894-1964 | 1956 |
| Frank Miles Day | 1861-1918 | 1908 |
| Joseph DeCamp | 1858-1923 | 1908 |
| Jose de Creeft | 1884-1982 | 1955 |
| Willem de Kooning | 1904-1997 | 1960 |
| Jean de Marco | 1898-1990 | 1959 |
| Adolph Dehn | 1895-1968 | 1965 |
| William Adams Delano | 1874-1960 | 1931 |
| Donald De Lue | 1898-1988 | 1946 |
| Charles Melville Dewey | 1849-1937 | 1908 |
| Thomas Dewing | 1951-1938 | 1908 |
| Edwin Dickinson | 1891-1978 | 1956 |
| Sidney Dickinson | 1890-1980 | 1931 |
| Richard Diebenkorn | 1922-1993 | 1967 |
| William Hunt Diederich | 1884-1953 | 1938 |
| Frederick Dielman | 1847-1935 | 1908 |
| John M. Donaldson | 1854-1941 | 1910 |
| Paul Dougherty | 1877-1947 | 1908 |
| Guy Pène du Bois | 1884-1958 | 1942 |
| Marcel Duchamp | 1887-1968 | 1960 |
| Frank DuMond | 1865-1951 | 1918 |
| Frank Duveneck | 1848-1919 | 1898 |
| Charles Eames | 1907-1978 | 1977 |
| Kerr Eby | 1889-1946 | 1937 |
| George Wharton Edwards | 1869-1950 | 1925 |
| Thomas Harlan Ellett | 1880-1951 | 1943 |
| Aymar Embury II | 1880-1966 | 1946 |
| Jimmy Ernst | 1920-1984 | 1983 |
| Rudulph Evans | 1878-1960 | 1926 |
| Philip Evergood | 1901-1973 | 1959 |
| Barry Faulkner | 1881-1962 | 1920 |
| Lyonel Feininger | 1871-1956 | 1955 |
| John Flanagan | 1865-1952 | 1923 |
| John Fulton Folinsbee | 1892-1972 | 1953 |
| Ben Foster | 1852-1926 | 1908 |
| Sam Francis | 1923-1994 | 1980 |
| Robert Frank | 1924-2019 | 2016 |
| James Earle Fraser | 1876-1953 | 1915 |
| Laura Gardin Fraser | 1889-1966 | 1931 |
| James Ingo Freed | 1930-2005 | 1994 |
| Daniel Chester French | 1850-1931 | 1898 |
| Leo Friedlander | 1888-1966 | 1953 |
| R. Buckminster Fuller | 1895-1983 | 1963 |
| Naum Gabo | 1890-1977 | 1965 |
| Daniel Garber | 1880-1958 | 1948 |
| Lee Gatch | 1902-1968 | 1966 |
| Walter Gay | 1856-1937 | 1898 |
| Charles Dana Gibson | 1867-1944 | 1898 |
| Cass Gilbert | 1859-1934 | 1906 |
| William Glackens | 1870-1938 | 1936 |
| Leon Golub | 1922-2004 | 2002 |
| Bertram Goodhue | 1869-1924 | 1915 |
| Adolph Gottlieb | 1903-1974 | 1972 |
| Charles Grafly | 1862-1929 | 1908 |
| Morris Graves | 1910-2001 | 1957 |
| Nancy Graves | 1940-1995 | 1990 |
| Cleve Gray | 1918-2004 | 1998 |
| Dorothea Greenbaum | 1893-1986 | 1968 |
| Balcomb Greene | 1904-1990 | 1976 |
| John Gregory | 1879-1958 | 1930 |
| Eliot Gregory | 1954-1915 | 1898 |
| Walter Griffin | 1861-1935 | 1923 |
| Albert Lorey Groll | 1866-1952 | 1932 |
| Walter Gropius | 1883-1969 | 1962 |
| Chaim Gross | 1904-1991 | 1964 |
| George Grosz | 1893-1959 | 1954 |
| Jules Guerin | 1866-1946 | 1908 |
| Eric Gugler | 1889-1974 | 1942 |
| Philip Guston | 1913-1980 | 1972 |
| Charles Gwathmey | 1938-2009 | 1976 |
| Robert Gwathmey | 1903-1988 | 1971 |
| Dimitri Hadzi | 1921-2006 | 1983 |
| Walker Kirkland Hancock | 1901-1999 | 1941 |
| Henry Janeway Hardenbergh | 1847-1918 | 1908 |
| Hugh Hardy | 1932-2017 | 1993 |
| L. Birge Harrison | 1854-1929 | 1908 |
| T. Alexander Harrison | 1853-1930 | 1898 |
| Wallace Harrison | 1895-1981 | 1960 |
| Herbert Haseltine | 1877-1962 | 1935 |
| Childe Hassam | 1859-1935 | 1898 |
| Thomas Hastings | 1860-1929 | 1906 |
| Charles Webster Hawthorne | 1872-1930 | 1920 |
| Al Held | 1928-2005 | 1984 |
| John Heliker | 1909-2000 | 1969 |
| Robert Henri | 1865-1929 | 1908 |
| Eugene Higgins | 1874-1958 | 1943 |
| Joseph Hirsch | 1910-1981 | 1967 |
| Al Hirschfeld | 1903-2003 | 2003 |
| Malvina Hoffman | 1885-1966 | 1937 |
| Hans Hofmann | 1880-1966 | 1964 |
| Winslow Homer | 1836-1910 | 1905 |
| Charles Hopkinson | 1869-1962 | 1935 |
| Edward Hopper | 1882-1967 | 1945 |
| Donal Hord | 1902-1966 | 1950 |
| Cecil Howard | 1888-1956 | 1938 |
| John Galen Howard | 1864-1931 | 1908 |
| William Henry Howe | 1846-1929 | 1908 |
| John Mead Howells | 1868-1959 | 1911 |
| Anna Hyatt Huntington | 1876-1973 | 1927 |
| Samuel Isham | 1855-1914 | 1908 |
| Albert Jaegers | 1868-1925 | 1912 |
| C. Paul Jennewein | 1890-1978 | 1931 |
| John C. Johansen | 1876-1964 | 1930 |
| Philip Johnson | 1906-2005 | 1963 |
| Lester Johnson | 1919-2010 | 2004 |
| Francis Coates Jones | 1857-1932 | 1908 |
| Hugh Bolton Jones | 1848-1927 | 1908 |
| Robert Edmond Jones | 1887-1954 | 1933 |
| Louis Kahn | 1901-1974 | 1964 |
| Wolf Kahn | 1927-2020 | 1984 |
| William Sergeant Kendall | 1869-1938 | 1908 |
| William Mitchell Kendall | 1856-1941 | 1914 |
| Rockwell Kent | 1882-1971 | 1964 |
| György Kepes | 1906-2002 | 1968 |
| Dan Kiley | 1912-2004 | 1996 |
| R. B. Kitaj | 1932-2007 | 1982 |
| Karl Knaths | 1891-1971 | 1955 |
| John Koch | 1909-1978 | 1970 |
| Henry Kreis | 1899-1963 | 1951 |
| Leon Kroll | 1884-1974 | 1930 |
| Albert Laessle | 1877-1954 | 1931 |
| L. Bancel LaFarge | 1866-1938 | 1898 |
| John LaFarge | 1835-1910 | 1898 |
| William F. Lamb | 1883-1952 | 1950 |
| Armin Landeck | 1905-1984 | 1946 |
| Ibram Lassaw | 1911-2003 | 1984 |
| Francis Lathrop | 1849-1909 | 1898 |
| Gertrude K. Lathrop | 1896-1986 | 1949 |
| Robert Laurent | 1890-1970 | 1970 |
| Jacob Lawrence | 1917-2000 | 1965 |
| Lee Lawrie | 1877-1963 | 1931 |
| Ernest Lawson | 1873-1939 | 1918 |
| Rico Lebrun | 1900-1964 | 1960 |
| Clare Leighton | 1898-1989 | 1951 |
| Julian Levi | 1900-1982 | 1959 |
| David Levine | 1926-2009 | 1983 |
| Jack Levine | 1915-2010 | 1956 |
| Roy Lichtenstein | 1923-1997 | 1979 |
| Jonas Lie | 1880-1940 | 1929 |
| Harrie T. Lindeberg | 1880-1959 | 1948 |
| Richard Lindner | 1901-1978 | 1972 |
| Jacques Lipchitz | 1891-1973 | 1961 |
| Richard Lippold | 1915-2002 | 1963 |
| Seymour Lipton | 1903-1986 | 1975 |
| DeWitt McClellan Lockman | 1870-1957 | 1931 |
| Louis Loeb | 1866-1909 | 1908 |
| Will Hicok Low | 1853-1932 | 1908 |
| Thomas Nozkowski | 1944-2019 | 2010 |
| I.M. Pei | 1917-2019 | 1963 |
| Cesar Pelli | 1926-2019 | 1982 |
| Kevin Roche | 1922-2019 | 1970 |
| Susan Rothenberg | 1945-2020 | 1990 |
| Robert Ryman | 1930-2019 | 1994 |
|


title: Ezequiel Montalt

abstract: Ezequiel Montalt Ros is a Spanish actor.

text:
# Ezequiel Montalt

**Ezequiel Montalt Ros** (born August 24, 1977 in Bonrepòs i Mirambell, Valencian Community, Spain) is a Spanish actor.

## Career

Montalt started out his career as a singer, trumpet player, composer, and arranger in a jazz band called Ejazz in his hometown. He then decided to pursue an acting career. He is best known for his role in telenovelas (soap operas). He has been in several successful productions.

Montalt studied trumpet at the Conservatory of Music in Valencia (Spain) and graduated from the Academy of ARS Studios in Valencia (Spain) as a sound engineer. He also studied singing, drums, guitar, piano and harmony. He has experience as a singer in various forms of classical and modern music. Later his career would lead him to the world of acting, participating in well-known productions.

Trained as a dramatic actor in "School Foios Municipal Theatre" (Spain), at the Academy of Performing Arts " "El Tutú de la abuela (Spain) 2001-2006, Academy of interpretation for film and television OFF Cinema (Spain) Actor Workshop with Hector Zavaleta - Neutral Academy (Miami), Theatre Workshop with Flavio Caballero – Neutral Accent (Miami)

The theatre actor starred in the 2006 play "Roberto Zucco" by Bernard-Marie Coltes in EMT Foios playing the character of the same name (Spain). In 2007 he starred in the play "Tot tot no se encuentran entre las rosas y los flors Clavells" (Spain). He then moved to the USA where he began to participate in big international telenovelas such as "Alma Indomable", where he played Mauricio Lira, "Mas Sabe el Diablo" playing Cristian Acero and "Perro Amor" as Juan Monsalve.

In 2011 he relocated to Bogota, Colombia where he participated in the telenovela Los Herederos del Monte by Telemundo, televised in many countries with great impact. Ezequiel Montalt plays Pedro del Monte, one of the main characters of the story. The telenovela features a cast of actors such as Mario Cimarro, Marlene Favela, Jose Luis Resendez, Fabian Rios, Jonathan Islas, Roberto Mateos, etc.

He has also participated in the successful Netflix TV series La Reina del Sur, an adaptation of the fourteenth novel of Spanish author Arturo Prez-Reverte. Ezequiel Montalt gives life to a drug trafficker named Jaime Arenas. This telenovela was also an international hit in all countries where it was released, including Spain, where it aired on Antena 3 as a 12-episode miniseries.

In 2013, he was featured in the supporting role of George in Telemundo's U.S.-based telenovela Santa Diabla.

He has also appeared in other important productions such as Reina De Corazones, *¿Quién es quién?, and Sangre de mi Tierra.*

## Filmography

Television performances
| Year | Title | Roles | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2008 | *Valeria* | Ángel Romero |  |
| 2008–2009 | *El Rostro de Analía* | Gino | 3 episodes |
| 2009–2010 | *Más sabe el diablo* | Christian Acero |  |
| 2009 | *Alma Indomable* | Mauricio Lira |  |
| 2010 | *Perro Amor* | Dr. Juan Monsalve |  |
| 2011 | *Los herederos del Monte* | Pedro del Monte |  |
| 2011 | *La Reina del Sur* | Jaime "Jimmy" Arenas | Recurring role (season 1); 4 episodes |
| 2012 | *Corazón valiente* | Teniente Manuel Flores |  |
| 2013 | *Rosario* | Dr. Daniel Carvajal |  |
| 2013–2014 | *Santa Diabla* | Jorge "George" Millan | Series regular; 85 episodes |
| 2014 | *Reina de corazones* | Juan Balboa "Rocky" | Series regular; 55 episodes |
| 2015–2016 | *¿Quién es quién?* | Armando Samaniego | Series regular; 15 episodes |
| 2017 | *Sangre de mi tierra* | Daniel Fajardo | 2 episodes |
| 2022 | 4ver (CNCO) | Rafael |  |
| 2023 | *Juego de Mentiras* | Raimundo Edwards |  |

## InfoBox

| Ezequiel Montalt | |
| --- | --- |
| Montalt in 2018 | |
| Born | Ezequiel Montalt Ros
(1977-08-24) August 24, 1977
Bonrepòs i Mirambell, Valencian Community, Spain |
| Nationality | Spanish |
| Citizenship | American |
| Occupations | * Actor * Musician |
| Years active | 2008–present |
| Height | 6 ft 3 in (191 cm) |
| Spouse | Katherine Rivas Rodriguez (m. 2020) |
| Relatives | Vicent Montalt (brother) |


title: 10.0 Earthquake

abstract: 10.0 Earthquake is a 2014 American disaster film directed by David Gidali and starring Henry Ian Cusick and Jeffrey Jones.

text:
# 10.0 Earthquake

***10.0 Earthquake*** is a 2014 American disaster film directed by David Gidali and starring Henry Ian Cusick and Jeffrey Jones.

## Plot

As a series of minor earthquakes start tearing apart Los Angeles, scientist Emily of the USGS theorizes that it is all building to a super quake that will drop the entire city into a lava-filled chasm. Engineer Jack whose daughter has gone camping with her friends in the danger area and whose company is responsible for the quakes due to their deep fracking feels obligated to help, and races with Emily through the increasingly damaged city with the hopes of diverting the epicenter to Long Beach and potentially saving millions of lives in the city of Los Angeles.

## Cast

## Soundtrack

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Performer | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Surfing in the Morning" | Adam Abildgaard, Nick Duffy, Ted Davis | Hot Flash Heat Wave |  |
| 2. | "Azucar" | Nick Ralph | The Sidekixx |  |
| 3. | "Rum Runner" | Abildgaard, Duffy, Davis | Hot Flash Heat Wave |  |
| 4. | "Voi Che Sapete" | Lorenzo da Ponte |  |  |
| 5. | "Dirty Dreaming" | Abildgaard, Duffy, Davis | Hot Flash Heat Wave |  |
| 6. | "Idea List" | Jason Leivian, Michael Newman | Lava |  |
| 7. | "Mexican Polka Song" |  | Steve Rice |  |
| 8. | "Waltz Opus 64 No 2" |  | Sergei Novikov |  |
| 9. | "Salt Spray" | Abildgaard, Duffy, Davis | Hot Flash Heat Wave |  |
| 10. | "Dreamwalker" |  | Gary Wolk |  |
| 11. | "Humanwave" | Leivian, Newman | Lava |  |
| 12. | "Hormone" | Leivian, Newman | Lava |  |
| 13. | "Turning Blue" | Abildgaard, Duffy, Davis | Hot Flash Heat Wave |  |
| 14. | "Jump Mix Demo C With Kicks" | George Kocovic | Geo Roc |  |

## InfoBox

| 10.0 Earthquake | |
| --- | --- |
| Film poster | |
| Directed by | David Gidali |
| Written by | J. Greg Abbott
Alex Greenfield
Nancy Leopardi |
| Produced by | Steve Bencich
Ross Kohn
Nancy Leopardi |
| Starring | Henry Ian Cusick
Jeffrey Jones |
| Cinematography | Damian Horan |
| Edited by | Ruben Sebban |
| Music by | Leo J. Russlan |
| Distributed by | MarVista Entertainment |
| Release date | * October 7, 2014 (2014-10-07) |
| Running time | 87 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: Piano Sonata Hob. XVI/50

abstract: The Piano Sonata in C major, Hob. XVI/50, L.60, was written c. 1794 by Joseph Haydn.

text:
# Piano Sonata Hob. XVI/50

The **Piano Sonata in C major**, Hob. XVI/50, L.60, was written c. 1794 by Joseph Haydn.

## Structure

The work has three movements.

1. Allegro
2. Adagio (in F major)
3. Allegro molto

## History

The sonata was written for and dedicated to Therese Jansen Bartolozzi c. 1794. Jansen Bartolozzi subsequently published the sonata in c.1800 with the title: "A Grand Sonata for the Piano Forte Composed Expressly for and dedicated to Mrs. Bartolozzi by Haydn ... Op. 79 ... London. Printed for, and to be had of the Proprietor 82 Wells Street and of the Publishers J. and H. Caulfield 36 Picadilly."

**Sources**

* Hinson, Maurice, ed. (1990). *Haydn: The Complete Piano Sonatas*. Vol. 3. Van Nuys, California: Alfred Publishing.
* Jones, David Wyn (2002). *Oxford Composer Companions: Haydn*. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
* Landon, H.C. Robbins (1976). *Haydn: Chronicle and Works*. Vol. 3. Haydn in England 1791–1795. London: Thames & Hudson.


title: Matthew Gordon-Banks

abstract: Matthew Gordon-Banks is a British former Conservative Party politician who was elected in 1992 as the Member of Parliament for Southport, but lost his seat in 1997. Gordon-Banks left the Conservative Party in 2004 to join the Liberal Democrats. In 2016, he was suspended from his membership of the Liberal Democrats.

text:
# Matthew Gordon-Banks

**Matthew Gordon-Banks** (born 21 June 1961) is a British former Conservative Party politician who was elected in 1992 as the Member of Parliament for Southport, but lost his seat in 1997. Gordon-Banks left the Conservative Party in 2004 to join the Liberal Democrats. In 2016, he was suspended from his membership of the Liberal Democrats.

## Early life and career

Gordon-Banks graduated with a BA (Hons) in History and Economics from Sheffield Hallam University. He served in the 1st Battalion, 51st Highland Volunteers, from 1979 to 1981 before attending the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst and being commissioned into the Gordon Highlanders in 1981.

After leaving the Army in 1983 with a war disablement pension he worked for Barclays Bank and in 1984 he was elected as Conservative member for the Heswall Ward on Wirral Borough Council, serving as chairman of the Schools Committee from 1985 to 1986 and the Works Committee from 1986 to 1987. He was re-elected with 75% of the vote in 1988 before standing down from the council in 1990. From 1988 to 1989, he worked as private secretary to Cecil Franks, Conservative MP for Barrow and Furness, and from 1989 he was a senior adviser on the Middle-East affairs for LBJ Ltd.

In the 1987 general election, Gordon-Banks was the Conservative candidate for Manchester Central, a safe Labour seat.

## Parliamentary career

In 1990, Gordon-Banks was selected to contest Southport and was elected as the constituency's Member of Parliament (MP) 1992, gaining the seat from the Liberal Democrat Ronnie Fearn. In Parliament, he served on the Transport Select Committee from 1992 to 1997. He was also chairman of the Anglo-Venezuela Parliamentary Group and secretary of the Anglo-United Arab Emirates Parliamentary Group from 1993 to 1997. In 1997, Fearn regained the seat from Gordon-Banks.

## Later career

Gordon-Banks represented Northleach on Cotswold District Council from 2000 to 2004, sitting as an Independent Conservative and chairing the Overview and Scrutiny Committee for two years. After re-election unopposed in May 2004, he resigned from the council in November of that year. Gordon-Banks received an MBA from the Donald Harrison School of Business at Southeast Missouri State University in 2001. From 2002 to 2006, he was an adviser to the Joint Security Industry Council and in 2004, he joined the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom as a Senior Research Fellow, Middle East and South Asia, a post he held until 2012. From 2006 to 2010, he was a Senior Adviser regarding the Middle East and South East Asia in the Advanced Research and Assessment Group of the Defence Academy.

### Party defection and expulsion

In 2004, Gordon-Banks switched party allegiance to the Liberal Democrats, joining the party's Executive Committee in Moray, Scotland.

Gordon-Banks was suspended from the Liberal Democrats in 2016 after an antisemitic Twitter tweet: "Farron's leadership campaign was organised and funded by London Jews" and "I am glad I never had to represent a constituency with a significant Jewish community because \[they\] are all bloody hard work". Marie van der Zyl, Vice President of the Board of Deputies of British Jews, said, "The comments by Matthew Gordon Banks on Twitter are of very deep concern. He talks about Jews and money and hints at the age-old canard of the 'Jewish conspiracy'. He must urgently clarify and apologise for his comments, otherwise, we would expect the Liberal Democrat Party to invoke disciplinary procedures

"

## Personal life

Gordon-Banks married Jane Miller in 1992 and has a son and a daughter. He has a home in Charlbury, West Oxfordshire.

In 2017 Gordon-Banks was jailed for crashing his Jaguar into a camper occupied by a 71-year-old man, for driving his motor vehicle at over twice the drink-drive limit, failing to stop for police and driving whilst banned and without insurance. In February 2017 Gordon-Banks was banned from the roads for driving whilst over the alcohol limit. In both cases his defence pled PTSD in mitigation.

## InfoBox

| Matthew Gordon-Banks | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of Parliament
for Southport | |
| **In office**
9 April 1992  1 May 1997 | |
| Preceded by | Ronnie Fearn |
| Succeeded by | Ronnie Fearn |
| Majority | 3,063 |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1961-06-21) 21 June 1961 |
| Nationality | British |
| Political party | Conservative Party (until 2004)
Liberal Democrats (2004-2016) |
| Spouse | Jane Gordon-Banks (née Miller)  (m. 1992) |
| Children | 2 |
| Residence | Cotswolds |
| Alma mater | Sheffield Hallam University |
| Profession | Former Army officer and politician, adviser |
|  | |


abstract: US Post Office-Ticonderoga is a historic post office building located at Ticonderoga in Essex County, New York, United States. It was designed and built in 1936–37, and is one of a number of post offices in New York State designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department under Louis A. Simon. The building is in the Colonial Revival style and is a symmetrically massed, one story brick building with a stone watertable. The slate covered gable roof is topped by a square, flat-topped cupola with Doric order pilasters. The interior features a 1940 mural by Frederick Massa titled The Exhortation of Ethan Allen. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

text:
# United States Post Office (Ticonderoga, New York)

**US Post Office-Ticonderoga** is a historic post office building located at Ticonderoga in Essex County, New York, United States. It was designed and built in 1936–37, and is one of a number of post offices in New York State designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department under Louis A. Simon. The building is in the Colonial Revival style and is a symmetrically massed, one story brick building with a stone watertable. The slate covered gable roof is topped by a square, flat-topped cupola with Doric order pilasters. The interior features a 1940 mural by Frederick Massa titled *The Exhortation of Ethan Allen*.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| US Post Office-Ticonderoga | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 169 Champlain Ave.<br>Ticonderoga, New York |
| Coordinates | 43°50′51″N 73°25′26″W / 43.84750°N 73.42389°W / 43.84750; -73.42389 |
| Area | less than one acre |
| Built | 1936 |
| Architect | Simon, Louis A.; Massa, Frederick |
| Architectural style | Colonial Revival |
| MPS | US Post Offices in New York State, 1858-1943, TR |
| NRHP reference No. | 88002436 |
| Added to NRHP | May 11, 1989 |


# List of archaeological excavations by date

This is a list of significant archaeological expeditions by date, which include first excavations at important sites, or expeditions that uncovered important objects.

## 1500s

* Pompeii \- 1599 - Domenico Fontana called when the digging of an underground channel to divert the river Sarno ran into ancient walls covered with paintings and inscriptions.

## 1600s

* Ur \- 1625 - Pietro Della Valle noted bricks with cuneiform writing and stone seals at the site of Ur.

## 1700s

## 1800s

### 1810s

### 1840s

### 1850s

### 1870s

* Troy \- 1871-1879 - Heinrich Schliemann conducted two excavations at the site, determining that the city pre-dated the Classical era

### 1880s

### 1890s

* Delphi \- 1892 - Theophile Homolle, French School of Archaeology

## 1900s

### 1900s

### 1910s

### 1920s

### 1930s

### 1940s

### 1960s

### 1990s

* Marad \- 1990 - Excavations led by Na'el Hannoon

## 2000s

### 2010s


title: Tunkhannock Area High School

abstract: Tunkhannock Area High School lies in the valley of the Endless Mountains. The school in Tunkhannock in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is the sole high school operated by the Tunkhannock Area School District. Enrollment was 890 for the 2022–23 school year. Tunkhannock Area High School students may choose to attend Susquehanna County Career and Technology Center for training in the construction and mechanical trades, cosmetology, Food Management and other careers. The Luzerne Intermediate Unit IU18 provides the school with a wide variety of services like specialized education for disabled students and hearing, speech and visual disability services and professional development for staff and faculty.

text:
# Tunkhannock Area High School

**Tunkhannock Area High School** lies in the valley of the Endless Mountains. The school in Tunkhannock in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is the sole high school operated by the Tunkhannock Area School District. Enrollment was 890 for the 2022–23 school year.

Tunkhannock Area High School students may choose to attend Susquehanna County Career and Technology Center for training in the construction and mechanical trades, cosmetology, Food Management and other careers. The Luzerne Intermediate Unit IU18 provides the school with a wide variety of services like specialized education for disabled students and hearing, speech and visual disability services and professional development for staff and faculty.

## Music program

The music program at Tunkhannock High School allows students to develop into the study and performance of music through instruments and singing. The music program is highly respected, and one of the best in surrounding counties. As recorded in 2018-2019 school year 3/4 of the school district participate in the music department.

Courses offered:

* Marching/Concert Band
* Music Theory and Composition
* Jazz Ensemble 1
* Jazz Ensemble 2
* Jazz Ensemble 3
* String Ensemble
* Mixed Chorus
* Advance Vocal Class
* Women's Chorus
* Piano Class
* Percussion

After School Courses

* PMEA Band, Chorus, Jazz, and Orchestra
* Select Choir
* Mens Choir
* Womens Choir

## School to career opportunities

This program is available to all students that would like to experience the work force while still in high school. Students may also work in or job shadow several a variety of careers to help them decide their future plans. Some of the opportunities that students may take part in are Cooperative Vocational Education, Internship Program, Job Shadowing Summer Tech Prep Co-op Program, Skills VSA/VICA, and Transitional Job Shadowing/Job Training.

## Extracurriculars

Tunkhannock Area School District offers a variety of clubs, activities and an extensive sports program in association with the Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association (PIAA).

### Athletics

The school provides:

Varsity

According to PIAA directory 2014–15, July 2014

In the fall of 2009, the Tunkhannock Area boys' cross-country team won the district II PIAA Championship and then went on to compete in state meet in Hershey, Pennsylvania. In June 2010, the Tunkhannock Area baseball team were crowned District II AAA Champions. The team advanced to the quarterfinals of the state playoff before being defeated by Conrad-Weiser. In June 2011, the Tunkhannock Area baseball team advanced to the AAA State Championship for the first time in school history. In May 2013, the Tunkhannock Area boys' track and field team won the District II PIAA Championship for the first time in school history.

## Notable alumni

## InfoBox

| Tunkhannock Area High School | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | |
|  | |
| 135 Tiger Street
Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania 18657
United States | |
| Coordinates | 41°32′41″N 75°57′33″W / 41.5448°N 75.9593°W / 41.5448; -75.9593 |
| Information | |
| School type | Public |
| School district | Tunkhannock Area School District |
| Principal | Matthew Wincek |
| Teaching staff | 66.18 (FTE) (2022–23) |
| Number of students | 890 (2022–23) |
| Student to teacher ratio | 13.45 (2022–23) |
| Campus type | Town: Fringe |
| Color(s) | *  * + Orange     + Black     + White |
| Team name | Tigers |
| Website | tasd.net/schools1/high-school/ |
|  | |


title: The Basin Football Club

abstract: The Basin Football Club is an Australian rules football club located in The Basin, Victoria. The club is affiliated in Division 2 of the Eastern Football League. The Basin Football Club has a tradition of local support and continues to be a powerhouse in Eastern Football League.

text:
# The Basin Football Club

**The Basin Football Club** is an Australian rules football club located in The Basin, Victoria. The club is affiliated in Division 2 of the Eastern Football League. The Basin Football Club has a tradition of local support and continues to be a powerhouse in Eastern Football League.

## History

The club was formed in 1947 and in 1948 combined with the Colchester-Basin Cricket Club and commenced playing at Batterham Reserve. They played in the Croydon FL and later became a founding member of the Eastern Football League.

## Senior Premierships

1962, 1985, 1994, 2012

## VFL/AFL players

## InfoBox

The Basin
| Full name | The Basin Football Club |
| --- | --- |
| Nickname | Bears |
| Founded | 1947 |
| League | Eastern Football League |
| Home ground | Batterham Reserve |


title: Outline of skiing

abstract: The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to skiing: Skiing is a recreational activity using skis as equipment for traveling over snow. Skis are used in conjunction with boots that connect to the ski with use of a binding.

text:
# Outline of skiing

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to skiing:

**Skiing** is a recreational activity using skis as equipment for traveling over snow. Skis are used in conjunction with boots that connect to the ski with use of a binding.

## Overview

## Lists

## Skiers

## Types of skiing

### Alpine Skiing

### Nordic Skiing

### Non-snow skiing

## Turning techniques

## Equipment and Apparel

## Competition events

### Alpine events

### Freestyle events

### Nordic events

## Skiing organizations

International organizations National organizations

## Ski areas and resorts

## Ski lifts

Ski lift

## Other

## Health and injuries


title: 118th meridian east

abstract: The meridian 118° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole. The 118th meridian east forms a great circle with the 62nd meridian west.

text:
# 118th meridian east

118°class=notpageimage|118th meridian east

The **meridian 118° east of Greenwich** is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Asia, the Indian Ocean, Australasia, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 118th meridian east forms a great circle with the 62nd meridian west.

## From Pole to Pole

Starting at the North Pole and heading south to the South Pole, the 118th meridian east passes through:

| Co-ordinates | Country, territory or sea | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 90°0′N 118°0′E / 90.000°N 118.000°E / 90.000; 118.000 (Arctic Ocean) | Arctic Ocean |  |
| 78°36′N 118°0′E / 78.600°N 118.000°E / 78.600; 118.000 (Laptev Sea) | Laptev Sea |  |
| 73°35′N 118°0′E / 73.583°N 118.000°E / 73.583; 118.000 (Russia) | Russia | Sakha Republic
Irkutsk Oblast — from 59°34′N 118°0′E / 59.567°N 118.000°E / 59.567; 118.000 (Irkutsk Oblast)
Zabaykalsky Krai — from 58°25′N 118°0′E / 58.417°N 118.000°E / 58.417; 118.000 (Zabaykalsky Krai) |
| 49°36′N 118°0′E / 49.600°N 118.000°E / 49.600; 118.000 (China) | People's Republic of China | Inner Mongolia |
| 48°2′N 118°0′E / 48.033°N 118.000°E / 48.033; 118.000 (Mongolia) | Mongolia |  |
| 46°37′N 118°0′E / 46.617°N 118.000°E / 46.617; 118.000 (China) | People's Republic of China | Inner Mongolia
Hebei – for about 17 km from 42°25′N 118°0′E / 42.417°N 118.000°E / 42.417; 118.000 (Hebei)
Inner Mongolia – for about 4 km from 42°16′N 118°0′E / 42.267°N 118.000°E / 42.267; 118.000 (Inner Mongolia)
Hebei – from 42°13′N 118°0′E / 42.217°N 118.000°E / 42.217; 118.000 (Hebei)
Tianjin – from 39°21′N 118°0′E / 39.350°N 118.000°E / 39.350; 118.000 (Hebei) |
| 39°13′N 118°0′E / 39.217°N 118.000°E / 39.217; 118.000 (Bohai Sea) | Bohai Sea |  |
| 38°11′N 118°0′E / 38.183°N 118.000°E / 38.183; 118.000 (China) | People's Republic of China | Shandong
Jiangsu – from 34°38′N 118°0′E / 34.633°N 118.000°E / 34.633; 118.000 (Jiangsu)
Anhui – from 33°45′N 118°0′E / 33.750°N 118.000°E / 33.750; 118.000 (Anhui)
Jiangsu – from 33°22′N 118°0′E / 33.367°N 118.000°E / 33.367; 118.000 (Jiangsu)
Anhui – from 33°12′N 118°0′E / 33.200°N 118.000°E / 33.200; 118.000 (Anhui)
Jiangxi – from 29°31′N 118°0′E / 29.517°N 118.000°E / 29.517; 118.000 (Jiangxi)
Fujian – from 27°59′N 118°0′E / 27.983°N 118.000°E / 27.983; 118.000 (Fujian), passing just west of Xiamen (at 24°27′N 118°4′E / 24.450°N 118.067°E / 24.450; 118.067 (Xiamen)) |
| 24°11′N 118°0′E / 24.183°N 118.000°E / 24.183; 118.000 (South China Sea) | South China Sea | Passing just east of the disputed Scarborough Shoal (at 15°7′N 117°51′E / 15.117°N 117.850°E / 15.117; 117.850 (Scarborough Shoal)) |
| 9°14′N 118°0′E / 9.233°N 118.000°E / 9.233; 118.000 (Philippines) | Philippines | Island of Palawan |
| 8°53′N 118°0′E / 8.883°N 118.000°E / 8.883; 118.000 (Sulu Sea) | Sulu Sea |  |
| 6°3′N 118°0′E / 6.050°N 118.000°E / 6.050; 118.000 (Malaysia) | Malaysia | Sabah – island of Borneo |
| 4°13′N 118°0′E / 4.217°N 118.000°E / 4.217; 118.000 (Celebes Sea) | Celebes Sea |  |
| 2°24′N 118°0′E / 2.400°N 118.000°E / 2.400; 118.000 (Indonesia) | Indonesia | East Kalimantan – island of Borneo |
| 2°12′N 118°0′E / 2.200°N 118.000°E / 2.200; 118.000 (Celebes Sea) | Celebes Sea |  |
| 1°47′N 118°0′E / 1.783°N 118.000°E / 1.783; 118.000 (Indonesia) | Indonesia | East Kalimantan – island of Borneo |
| 0°47′N 118°0′E / 0.783°N 118.000°E / 0.783; 118.000 (Makassar Strait) | Makassar Strait |  |
| 4°57′S 118°0′E / 4.950°S 118.000°E / -4.950; 118.000 (Java Sea) | Java Sea | Passing by numerous small islands of  Indonesia |
| 6°59′S 118°0′E / 6.983°S 118.000°E / -6.983; 118.000 (Flores Sea) | Flores Sea | Passing by numerous small islands of  Indonesia |
| 8°6′S 118°0′E / 8.100°S 118.000°E / -8.100; 118.000 (Indonesia) | Indonesia | Island of Sumbawa |
| 8°52′S 118°0′E / 8.867°S 118.000°E / -8.867; 118.000 (Indian Ocean) | Indian Ocean |  |
| 20°28′S 118°0′E / 20.467°S 118.000°E / -20.467; 118.000 (Australia) | Australia | Western Australia |
| 35°6′S 118°0′E / 35.100°S 118.000°E / -35.100; 118.000 (Indian Ocean) | Indian Ocean | Australian authorities consider this to be part of the Southern Ocean |
| 60°0′S 118°0′E / 60.000°S 118.000°E / -60.000; 118.000 (Southern Ocean) | Southern Ocean |  |
| 66°59′S 118°0′E / 66.983°S 118.000°E / -66.983; 118.000 (Antarctica) | Antarctica | Australian Antarctic Territory, claimed by  Australia |
|


title: People's Choice (album)

abstract: People's Choice is Sledgeback's first full-length album, released in 2004 by Sliver records. The sound of the album is general punk rock.

text:
# People's Choice (album)

***People's Choice*** is Sledgeback's first full-length album, released in 2004 by Sliver records . The sound of the album is general punk rock.

## Track listing

1. "Pants off" - 3:27
2. "Push Me Away" - 2:53
3. "Sledgeanger"3:37
4. "How far" - 3:25
5. "Don't wanna know " - 2:36
6. "Deal" - 0:29
7. "Heat" - 2:59
8. "Good by my friend" - 2:07
9. "Take me home" - 2:19
10. "No feelings" - 2:10
11. "Gimme back" - 3:02
12. "Regret" - 2:57
13. "Seattle" - 2:17

## Other

* Track #1 "Pants off" has been recorded with Hungarian language "Utazas" ("Trip") and played live by the band C.A.F.B..
* Track #6 is not a full song.
* Track #13 is instrumental.
* Jay Sinclair is an American Producer, Guitarist

## InfoBox

| People's Choice | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Sledgeback | |
| Released | December 2004 |
| Genre | Punk rock |
| Label | Sliver Records |
| Producer | Jay Sinclair, Gabor Hun |
| Sledgeback chronology | |
| *A scavenger for life EP*
(2004) ***People's Choice***
(2004) *Perception Becomes Reality*
(2006) | |


title: Pierre Le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert

abstract: Pierre le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert or Boisguillebert was a French lawmaker and a Jansenist, one of the inventors of the notion of an economic market.

text:
# Pierre Le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert

**Pierre le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert** or **Boisguillebert** (French: \[bwaɡilbɛʁ\]; 17 February 1646  10 October 1714) was a French lawmaker and a Jansenist, one of the inventors of the notion of an economic market.

## Early life

He was born at Rouen of an ancient noble family of Normandy, allied to that of Corneille. He received his classical education in Rouen, and was also taught at the Petites écoles de Port-Royal, entered the magistracy and became judge at Montivilliers, near Le Havre. In 1690 he became president of the bailliage of Rouen, a post which he retained almost until his death, leaving it to his son.

## Taxation proposals

In his two leadership positions he made a close study of local economic conditions, personally, supervising the cultivation of his lands, and entering into relations with the principal merchants of Rouen. He was thus led to consider the misery of the people under the burden of taxation. In 1695 he published his principal work, *Le détail de la France; la cause de la diminution de ses biens et la facilité du remède*. In it he drew a picture of the general ruin of all classes of Frenchmen, caused by the bad economic regime. In opposition to Colbert's mercantilist views he held that the wealth of a country consists, not in the abundance of money which it possesses but in what it produces and exchanges. The remedy for the evils of the time was not so much the reduction as the equalization of the imposts, which would allow the poor to consume more, raise the production and add to the general wealth. He demanded the reform of the *taille*, the suppression of internal customs duties and greater freedom of trade. In his *Factum de la France*, published in 1705 or 1706, he gave a more concise résumé of his ideas. But his proposal to substitute for all aides and customs duties a single capitation tax of a tenth of the revenue of all property was naturally opposed by the tax farmers and found little support.

Indeed, his work, written in a diffuse and inelegant style, passed almost unnoticed. Saint-Simon relates that he once asked a hearing of the comte de Pontchartrain, saying that he would at first take him for a fool, then he would see that he deserved attention, and that eventually, he would be satisfied with his system. Pontchartrain, who was besieged with innumerable advice givers, began to laugh replying that he would go no further than the first, and turned his back on him. With Michel de Chamillart, whom he had known as intendant of Rouen (1689–1690), there was a plan to experiment with Boisguilbert's ideas in one province but the plan was abandoned when it was realized that the effort would provoke the collapse of the existing tax system before the experiment began. Upon the publication of Vauban's, *La Dîme royale* in 1707 which had much in common with Boisguilbert's plan, Boisguilbert published *Supplément au détail de la France*. Both Vauban's and Boisguilbert's books were condemned. In addition, Boisguilbert was exiled to Auvergne for six months. At last in 1710 the controller-general, Nicolas Desmarets, established a new tax, the tenth (*dixième*), which had some analogy with the project of Boisguilbert. Instead of replacing the former taxes, however, Desmarets simply added his *dixième* to them.

## Publications

In 1712 appeared a *Testament politique de M. de Vauban*, which is simply Boisguilberts *Détail de la France*. Vauban's *Dîme royale* was formerly wrongly attributed to him. Boisguilberts works were collected by Daire in the first volume of the *Collection des grands économistes*. His letters are in the **Correspondance des contrôleurs géneraux**, vol. i., published by A. M. de Boislisle. A complete study of Boisguilbert, his ideas and his writings was published by the Institut National d'Études Démographiques in 1966.

## InfoBox

| Boisguilbert | |
| --- | --- |
| Pierre le Pesant, sieur de Boisguilbert | |
| Born | (1646-02-17)17 February 1646
Rouen |
| Died | 10 October 1714(1714-10-10) (aged 68)
Rouen |
| Nationality | French |
|  | |
| Academic career | |
| Field | Political economics |
| School or
tradition | Physiocrats |
|  | |


title: Max Parker (art director)

abstract: Max Parker was an American art director. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Art Direction for the film George Washington Slept Here. He worked on 86 films between 1916 and 1947. He was born in Prescott, Arizona, and died in Torrance, California.

text:
# Max Parker (art director)

**Max Parker** (July 12, 1882 – July 8, 1964) was an American art director. He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Art Direction for the film *George Washington Slept Here*. He worked on 86 films between 1916 and 1947. He was born in Prescott, Arizona, and died in Torrance, California.

## Filmography

## InfoBox

| Max Parker | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1882-07-12)July 12, 1882
Prescott, Arizona Territory |
| Died | July 8, 1964(1964-07-08) (aged 81)
Torrance, California |
| Occupation | Art director |
| Years active | 1916–1947 |


abstract: The former United States Post Office in The Dalles, Oregon, United States, is a historic building constructed in 1916. Executed from standardized federal plans in the Greek Revival style, it was the first federal building in The Dalles and one of a set of nine built in Oregon in the 1910s. It remained in operation as a post office longer than seven of the other eight in that group. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

text:
# United States Post Office (The Dalles, Oregon)

The former **United States Post Office** in The Dalles, Oregon, United States, is a historic building constructed in 1916. Executed from standardized federal plans in the Greek Revival style, it was the first federal building in The Dalles and one of a set of nine built in Oregon in the 1910s. It remained in operation as a post office longer than seven of the other eight in that group. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| U.S. Post Office | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district
Contributing property | |
|  | |
|  | |
| U.S. Post OfficeUnited States Post Office (The Dalles, Oregon) (the United States) | |
| Interactive map showing the location of U.S. Post Office The Dalles | |
| Location | 100 W. 2nd Street
The Dalles, Oregon |
| Coordinates | 45°36′09″N 121°11′05″W / 45.602370°N 121.184624°W / 45.602370; -121.184624 |
| Area | 0.33 acres (0.13 ha) |
| Built | 1916 |
| Built by | Campbell Construction Company |
| Architect | Oscar Wenderoth, Supervising Architect, U.S. Department of the Treasury |
| Architectural style | Neoclassical/Greek Revival |
| Part of | The Dalles Commercial Historic District (ID86002953) |
| MPS | Significant US Post Offices in Oregon 1900–1941 TR |
| NRHP reference No. | 85000545 |
| Added to NRHP | March 4, 1985 |


title: List of arcade video games: X

text:
# List of arcade video games: X

This is a list of arcade video games organized alphabetically by name. It does not include PC or console games unless they were also released in video arcades. See Lists of video games for related lists.

| Title | Alternate Title(s) | Year | Manufacturer | Genre(s) | Max. Players | PCB Model |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *X Se Dae Quiz* |  | 1995 | Dream Island |  |  |
| *X the Ball* |  | 1991 | Rare |  | 1 |
| *X-Files* |  | 1999 | dgPIX Entertainment |  |  |
| *X-Men* |  | 1992 | Konami | Beat 'em up | 6 |
| *X-Men: Children of the Atom* |  | 1994 | Capcom | Fighting | 2 | CPS2 |
| *X-Men vs. Street Fighter* |  | 1996 | Capcom | Fighting | 2 | CPS2 |
| *X-Multiply* |  | 1989 | Irem | Scrolling shooter | 2 |
| *X-tom 3D* |  | 1999 | Game Vision | Combat flight simulator | 1 |
| *X2222* |  | 2000 | Oriental Soft |  |  |
| *Xain'd Sleena* | *Solar Warrior* US | 1986 | Technōs Japan | Platformer, Shooter | 2 |
| *Xenon* |  | 1988 | The Bitmap Brothers | Vertically scrolling shooter | 1 | Arcadia |
| *Xenophobe* |  | 1987 | Bally-Midway | Run 'n Gun | 3 |
| *Xevious* |  | 1982 | Namco | Scrolling shooter | 2 |
| *Xevious 3D/G* |  | 1995 | Namco | Scrolling shooter | 2 |
| *Xexex* | *Orius* US | 1991 | Konami | Scrolling shooter | 2 |
| *XII Stag* |  | 2003 | Taito | Scrolling shooter | 2 |
| *Xing Yun Man Guan* |  | 1996 | IGS |  | 1 |
| *Xiyou Shi E Chuan Qunmoluanwu* |  | 2004 | IGS |  |  |
| *Xtrial Racing* |  | 2002 | Konami | Racing | 1 |
| *XX Mission* |  | 1986 | UPL | Scrolling shooter | 2 |
| *Xybots* |  | 1987 | Atari Games | Shooter | 2 |
| *Xyonix* |  | 1989 | Philko | Puzzle | 2 |


title: Tunkhannock Area School District

abstract: Tunkhannock Area School District is a midsized rural/suburban public school district serving most of Wyoming County in northeast Pennsylvania in the United States. Tunkhannock Area School District encompasses approximately 397 square miles (1,030 km⁲). According to 2010 federal census data, Tunkhannock Area School District served a resident population of 28,276. By 2010, the district's population declined sharply to 19,032 people. In 2009, the district residents’ per capita income was $18,112, while the median family income was $44,626. In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010. Tunkhannock Area School District has 4 schools - The Primary School, The Intermediate Center, The Academy, and the Tunkhannock High School. The school mascot is the Tiger. The school district has undergone a recent change in structure, combining the elementary schools into one and adding a specialized academy for students attending the middle school to explore STEM skills.

text:
# Tunkhannock Area School District

**Tunkhannock Area School District** is a midsized rural/suburban public school district serving most of Wyoming County in northeast Pennsylvania in the United States. Tunkhannock Area School District encompasses approximately 397 square miles (1,030 km2). According to 2010 federal census data, Tunkhannock Area School District served a resident population of 28,276. By 2010, the district's population declined sharply to 19,032 people. In 2009, the district residents’ per capita income was $18,112, while the median family income was $44,626. In the Commonwealth, the median family income was $49,501 and the United States median family income was $49,445, in 2010.

Tunkhannock Area School District has 4 schools - The Primary School (Kindergarten-2nd Grade), The Intermediate Center (3rd Grade-6th Grade), The Academy (7th Grade), and the Tunkhannock High School (8th Grade-12th Grade). The school mascot is the Tiger. The school district has undergone a recent change in structure, combining the elementary schools into one and adding a specialized academy for students attending the middle school to explore STEM skills.

## Extracurriculars

Tunkhannock Area School District offers a wide variety of clubs, activities and an extensive sports program.

### Sports

The district funds:

Middle School Sports

According to PIAA directory July 2013

41°29′17″N 75°56′40″W / 41.48800°N 75.94436°W / 41.48800; -75.94436

## InfoBox

| Tunkhannock Area School District | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | |
| 41 Philadelphia Avenue Tunkhannock, Pennsylvania, 18657-1602
United States | |
| District information | |
| Type | Public |
| Students and staff | |
| District mascot | Tiger |
| Colors | Orange and black |
| Other information | |
| Website | www.tasd.net |


title: The Art of Star Wars

abstract: The Art of Star Wars is a series of books by various editors featuring concept art from the Star Wars motion picture saga. The books mainly feature artwork accompanied by a short explanation of the scene and the artist's ideas, but also script notes, posters and other information. The first books were published by Ballantine Books, a subsidiary of Random House, with later editions appearing under the DelRey and LucasBooks imprints. Later titles were published by Harry N. Abrams. The Art of Star Wars was also the title of an exhibition of Star Wars artwork, props, and costumes mounted by Lucasfilm at the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts in San Francisco in 1995. The exhibition was subsequently expanded to various international venues from 2000–2001, including the Barbican Art Gallery in London and the Helsinki City Art Museum.

text:
# The Art of Star Wars

***The Art of Star Wars*** is a series of books by various editors featuring concept art from the *Star Wars* motion picture saga. The books mainly feature artwork accompanied by a short explanation of the scene and the artist's ideas, but also script notes, posters and other information. The first books were published by Ballantine Books, a subsidiary of Random House, with later editions appearing under the DelRey and LucasBooks imprints. Later titles were published by Harry N. Abrams.

*The Art of Star Wars* was also the title of an exhibition of *Star Wars* artwork, props, and costumes mounted by Lucasfilm at the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts in San Francisco in 1995. The exhibition was subsequently expanded to various international venues from 2000–2001, including the Barbican Art Gallery in London and the Helsinki City Art Museum.

## Content

Carol Titelman's first volume, originally entitled *The Art of Star Wars*, was published in 1979 amid a popular trend for behind-the-scenes, "making-of" media products (such as *The Making of Star Wars* documentary). The book presents a range of pre-production concept art, storyboards, and publicity shots alongside Lucas's screenplay. It has been noted as a rich record of the previsualization behind the 1977 movie that gives the reader an insight into the "possibilities that might have been" in the final production design, and that challenges the "authorial singularity and originality" that normally surrounds the works of a Hollywood auteur. The first volume has been called the definitive work on the development of the cinematographic art of Star Wars, a body of creative works that heavily influenced later films.

The first book presents some of the earliest concept sketches of a number of now-familiar characters of the *Star Wars* universe, including early impressions of the helmet of Darth Vader, the droids C-3PO and R2-D2, Imperial stormtroopers, and the alien clientele of the Mos Eisley Cantina on the planet Tatooine. The concept sketches and matte paintings of Ralph McQuarrie feature heavily, alongside sketches by Joe Johnston, set design drawings by John Barry, costume design sketches by John Mollo, storyboards by Alex Tavoularis and photographs by Bob Seidemann and John Jay. McQuarrie's work was considered highly influential in the production of the first three Star Wars movies; Journalist Jonathan Jones wrote of McQuarrie: *"Looking at his* \[McQuarrie's\] *paintings, you can recognise that the appeal of this art is similar to that of 19th century Orientalist paintings of harems and sandy vistas."* Section one of the book, accompanied by illustrations, features "the script" and is introduced by the title page text: "*Star Wars* *Episode* *IV* *A New Hope* *from the* *Journal of the Whills* by George Lucas Revised Fourth Draft January 15, 1976 Lucasfilm Ltd." Later book sections, from pages 138 to 175, feature the artwork of film posters by Tom Jung, Dan Goozee, Drew Struzan, John Berkey, Tom Chantrell, the Hildebrandt Brothers, Howard Chaykin, Wojtek Siudmak and Ralph McQuarrie; and the art of spin-off products such as the Marvel Comics series, *Star Wars*-themed cartoons such as *Berry's World* and *Stan Mack's Real Life Funnies*; and fan art.

Two volumes were subsequently published to accompany the sequel films; *The Art of the Empire Strikes Back*, edited by Deborah Call, was published in 1980; and *The Art of Return of the Jedi* was published in 1983.

In 2000, the *Star Wars* prequel trilogy began with the release of *Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace*, and corresponding books in *The Art of Star Wars* series were published. As in previous volumes, these books contain paintings, sketches, mock-ups, models and photos of scenes, buildings, costumes, characters, spacecraft and creatures, along with digitally mastered pictures. The books chart the progress of production from original gouache drawings to the three-dimensional models of spaceships. McQuarrie had retired by this stage, and the production artwork of Doug Chiang features heavily in these books. Extracts from the *Episode I* book were published in a 48-page booklet accompanying a US "collectors' edition" videotape of *The Phantom Menace* in 2000.

*The Art of Star Wars, Episode III - Revenge of the Sith*, published in 2005, features a foreword by director George Lucas, and presents the early concept art for significant scenes in *Episode III*, in particular the final lightsaber duel of Obi-Wan Kenobi and Anakin Skywalker on the hellish lava planet of Mustafar, and the medical chamber where Darth Vader is dressed in his trademark armour.

Following the acquisition of Lucasfilm by The Walt Disney Company in 2012, a sequel trilogy went into production. *The Art of Star Wars: The Force Awakens*, published in 2015, features the work of concept artists Iain McCaig and Craig Alzmann, production designer Rick Carter and Doug Chiang. The book contains early concept art tracing the early development of the character of Kylo Ren, and also reveals preliminary sketches that illustrate a proposed appearance of Anakin Skywalker as a malevolent "Force ghost".

## Reprints

Following the theatrical release of *The Empire Strikes Back* in 1980, and the re-release of the original *Star Wars* film in 1981, the film series adopted an episodic naming convention in the opening crawl. From 1994, reprinted editions of the first three books also adopted episode titles — *The Art of Star Wars Episode IV: A New Hope*, and so on. Revised editions of the first three books were published in 1997, with changes and new material added to reflect the additional special effects used in the Special Edition theatrical releases.

## The books

| Book | Relates to film |
| --- | --- |
| Titelman, Carol; Hoffman, Valerie, eds. (1979). *The Art of Star Wars* (1st ed.). New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 0345282736.
Reprinted 1994 ISBN 9781852865832 | *Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope* |
| Bulluck, Vic; Hoffman, Valerie (1980). Call, Deborah (ed.). *The Art of The Empire Strikes Back* (1st ed.). New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 9780345293350.
Reprinted 1994 ISBN 9780345392039 | *Star Wars: Episode V –The Empire Strikes Back* |
| Kasdan, Lawrence; Lucas, George (1983). *The Art of Return of the Jedi - Star Wars* (1st ed.). New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0345312549.
Reprinted 1995 ISBN 9781852865856 | *Star Wars: Episode VI – Return of the Jedi* |
| Bresman, Jonathan (2000). *The Art of Star Wars Episode I The Phantom Menace* (1st ed.). New York: Del Rey. ISBN 9780345431097. | *Star Wars: Episode I – The Phantom Menace* |
| Vaz, Mark Cotta (2002). *Art of Star Wars Episode II Attack of the Clones* (1st ed.). New York: Ballantine Publ. Group. ISBN 9780345431257. | *Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones* |
| Rinzler, J.W. (2005). *The art of Star Wars: Episode III : Revenge of the Sith* (1st ed.). New York: Del Rey. ISBN 9780345431356. | *Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith* |
| Szostak, Phil (2015). *The Art of Star Wars: The Force Awakens*. Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 9781419717802. | *Star Wars: The Force Awakens* |
| Kushins, Josh (2016). *The Art of Rogue One: A Star Wars Story*. Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 9781419722257. | *Rogue One: A Star Wars Story* |
| Szostak, Phil (2017). *The Art of Star Wars:The Last Jedi*. Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 9781419727054. | *Star Wars: The Last Jedi* |
| Szostak, Phil (2018). *The Art of Solo A Star Wars Story*. Harry N. Abrams. ISBN 9781419727450. | *Solo: A Star Wars Story* |
| Rinzler, J.W. (2014). *Star Wars Storyboards: The Original Trilogy*. New York: Abrams Books. ISBN 978-1419707742. | *Star Wars Storyboards: The Original Trilogy* |

## InfoBox

The Art of Star Wars
| Cover of the 1st edition (1979) | |
| --- | --- |
| Editor | Carol Titelman, Valerie Hoffman |
| Language | English |
| Subject | Production design and artwork of *Star Wars* films |
| Publisher | Ballantine Books, LucasBooks, DelRey, Harry N. Abrams |
| Publication date | November 1979 |
| Publication place | USA |
| Media type | Hardcover |
| ISBN | 0345282736 first edition |


title: P.'s Correspondence

abstract: "P.'s Correspondence" is an 1845 sketch by the 19th century American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne. "P.'s Correspondence" is presented as an epistolary sketch featuring a lengthy letter dated February 29, 1845, and addressed to an unnamed friend who is publishing it. P. has possibly lost his sanity and, despite not leaving his room, has met a wide variety of famous 19th century figures whom he describes. Some of the people he meets were already dead and P. confuses past and present. Among those he encounters in his imagination or claims friendship with are Lord Byron, Napoleon, John Greenleaf Whittier, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Charles Brockden Brown, and Joel Barlow. The sketch was first published in The United States Magazine and Democratic Review in April 1845 before being collected with other Hawthorne stories in Mosses from an Old Manse in 1846.

text:
# P.'s Correspondence

"**P.'s Correspondence**" is an 1845 sketch by the 19th century American writer Nathaniel Hawthorne.

"P.'s Correspondence" is presented as an epistolary sketch featuring a lengthy letter dated February 29, 1845, and addressed to an unnamed friend who is publishing it. P. has possibly lost his sanity and, despite not leaving his room, has met a wide variety of famous 19th century figures whom he describes. Some of the people he meets were already dead and P. confuses past and present. Among those he encounters in his imagination or claims friendship with are Lord Byron, Napoleon, John Greenleaf Whittier, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Charles Brockden Brown, and Joel Barlow.

The sketch was first published in *The United States Magazine and Democratic Review* in April 1845 before being collected with other Hawthorne stories in *Mosses from an Old Manse* in 1846.


abstract: This is a list of members of the Provincial Assembly of Estonia. On 12 April 1917, a decree issued by the Provisional Government in Russia created the autonomous Governorate of Estonia with its own Governor and a Provincial Assembly to be composed of elected members. The elections took place on 5 June 1917, and the Assembly convened on 14 July. On 28 November, it declared its laws sovereign over Estonia and moved to create a Constituent Assembly; once that was established and its members elected, the Provisional Assembly ceased to exist and its session ended on 23 April 1919.

text:
# List of members of the Estonian Provincial Assembly

This is a list of members of the Provincial Assembly of Estonia. On 12 April 1917, a decree issued by the Provisional Government in Russia created the autonomous Governorate of Estonia with its own Governor and a Provincial Assembly (or Council; *Maanõukogu*, but commonly known as the *Maapäev*) to be composed of elected members. The elections took place on 5 June 1917, and the Assembly convened on 14 July. On 28 November, it declared its laws sovereign over Estonia and moved to create a Constituent Assembly; once that was established and its members elected, the Provisional Assembly ceased to exist and its session ended on 23 April 1919.

## Officers

Source: Jaan Toomla, *Valitud ja Valitsenud: Eesti parlamentaarsete ja muude esinduskogude ning valitsuste isikkoosseis aastail 1917–1999* (National Library of Estonia, 1999), p. 22.

### Chairman

14 July 1917 – 25 October 1917: Artur Vallner

25 October 1917 – 27 November 1918: Otto Strandman

27 November 1918 – 3 February 1919: Ado Birk

3 February 1919 – 23 April 1919: Karl Parts

### First Assistant Chairman

27 July 1917 – 25 October 1917: Jaan Teemant

25 October 1917 – 27 November 1918: Jüri Jaakson

27 November 1918 – 3 February 1919: Karl August Baars

3 February 1919 – 23 April 1919: Julius Seljamaa

### Second Assistant Chairman

27 July 1917 – 25 October 1917: Jüri Vilms

25 October 1917 – 27 November 1918: Nikolai Köstner

27 November 1918 – 3 February 1919: Karl Saral

3 February 1919 – 23 April 1919: Peeter Põld

### Temporary Secretary

14 July 1917 – 27 July 1917: Ado Birk

14 July 1917 – 27 July 1917: Julius Seljamaa

### Secretary

27 July 1917 – 25 October 1917: Mart Kiirats

25 October 1917 – 16 February 1918: Herman Kask

27 November 1918 – 23 April 1919: Karl Ast

### Second Assistant Secretary

27 July 1917 – 25 October 1917: Rudolf Jaska

25 October 1917 – 27 November 1918: Hugo Raudsepp

27 November 1918 – 3 February 1919: Victor Neggo

3 February 1919 – 23 April 1919: Jüri Parik

### Second Assistant Secretary

27 July 1917 – 25 October 1917: Herman Kask

25 October 1917 – 27 November 1918: Victor Neggo

27 November 1918 – 23 April 1919: Hugo Raudsepp

## Members

Source: Jaan Toomla, *Valitud ja Valitsenud: Eesti parlamentaarsete ja muude esinduskogude ning valitsuste isikkoosseis aastail 1917–1999* (National Library of Estonia, 1999), pp. 22–24.

| Name | Notes |
| --- | --- |
| Juhan Mihkel Ainson |  |
| Jaan Anvelt | Expelled on 5 February 1919 |
| Alma Anvelt-Ostra (also Oinas) | From 20 November 1918, replacing Jaan Treial |
| Christjan Arro |  |
| Karl Ast (also Rumor) |  |
| Eduard Georg Aule | Left office on 20 November 1918; succeeded by Jüri Parik |
| Karl August Baars |  |
| Ado Birk |  |
| Max Woldemar Gustav Ed. Bock |  |
| Aleksander Ennemuist |  |
| Karl Theodor Grau |  |
| Jüri Jaakson |  |
| Juhan Januson (also Jaanuson) |  |
| Rudolf Jaska |  |
| Peet Johanson |  |
| Juhan Kalm |  |
| Eduard Kansman (also Kansmann or Kansa) |  |
| Herman Kask | Died in office on 16 February 1918 and replaced by Mart Meos |
| Mart Kiirats |  |
| August Kohver (also Koffer) |  |
| Ivan Koort |  |
| Hans Kruus |  |
| Juhan Kukk |  |
| Andres Kurrikoff |  |
| Juhan Kurvits |  |
| Timofei Kuusik |  |
| Hugo Kuusner | Took office on 13 September 1917 |
| Jaan Kärner |  |
| Nikolai Köstner |  |
| Juhan Lasn |  |
| Tiido Laur (also Lauri) |  |
| Anna Leetsmann | Expelled on 5 February 1919 |
| Juhan Lehman (also Lehmann or Leeman) | Took office on 26 November 1918 |
| Villem Maasik |  |
| Mihkel Martna | Left office on 26 November 1918 |
| Mart Meos | Took office on 27.11.1918, replacing Herman Kask |
| Friedrich Volrad Mikkelsaar |  |
| Victor Neggo (also Neggu) |  |
| Aleksander Oinas | Took office on 26 November 1918, replacing Hugo Karl Reiman |
| Aleksei Palm |  |
| Jüri Parik | Took office on 26 November 1918, replacing Eduard Georg Aule |
| Karl Parts |  |
| Anton Piip |  |
| Aleksander Podrätšik |  |
| Peeter Siegfried Põld | Took office on 26 November 1918 |
| Konstantin Päts |  |
| Hans Pöhl |  |
| Hans Pöögelmann | Expelled on 5 February 1919 |
| Jaan Raamot |  |
| Hugo Raudsepp |  |
| Hugo Karl Ferdinand Reiman | Left office on 26 November 1918; succeeded by Aleksander Oinas |
| Julius Eduard Reintam |  |
| Hans Riiberg (also Riiberk) |  |
| Hans Reinhold Roos |  |
| Karl Saral |  |
| Julius Seljamaa |  |
| Jaan Sihver | Died on 28 November 1918; posthumously expelled on 5 February 1919 |
| Otto August Strandman |  |
| Jaan Teemant |  |
| Jaan Treial | Died in office on 11 January 1918; succeeded by Alma Anvelt-Ostra |
| Jaan Tõnisson |  |
| Artur Vallner (also Vainer) | Expelled on 5 February 1919 |
| Aleksander Veiler |  |
| Jüri Vilms | Died in office on 13 April 1918 |
| Karl Johannes Virma |  |
| Jaak Ümarik |  |


title: 118th Wing

abstract: The 118th Wing is a unit of the Tennessee Air National Guard, stationed at Joint Base Berry Field, formerly Berry Field Air National Guard Base, Nashville, Tennessee. The 118th is equipped with the MQ-9 Reaper. If activated to federal service, it is gained by the United States Air Force Air Combat Command. The 105th Tactical Airlift Squadron, assigned to the Wings 118th Operations Group, is a descendant organization of the World War I 105th Aero Squadron, established on 27 August 1917. It was reformed on 4 December 1921, as the 105th Observation Squadron, and is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.

text:
# 118th Wing

The **118th Wing (118 WG)** is a unit of the Tennessee Air National Guard, stationed at Joint Base Berry Field, formerly Berry Field Air National Guard Base, Nashville, Tennessee. The 118th is equipped with the MQ-9 Reaper. If activated to federal service, it is gained by the United States Air Force Air Combat Command.

The **105th Tactical Airlift Squadron**, assigned to the Wings 118th Operations Group, is a descendant organization of the World War I **105th Aero Squadron**, established on 27 August 1917. It was reformed on 4 December 1921, as the **105th Observation Squadron**, and is one of the 29 original National Guard Observation Squadrons of the United States Army National Guard formed before World War II.

## Overview

The 118th Wing MQ-9 Reaper Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) mission is to provide close air support (CAS), air interdiction, intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR), and attack to eliminate threats when present. The multi-role capabilities of these RPAs allows Combat Search and Rescue operations and extended time over targets to locate, track, target, strike, and assess time sensitive targets

The plan also calls for the 118th Wing to get a cyber-security unit and expand their intelligence squadron.

## Units

* 118th Operations Group

105th Attack Squadron \- (MQ-9 Reaper) * 118th Mission Support Group
* 118th Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group
* 218th Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group
* 118th Medical Group

## History

*See 356th Fighter Group for additional lineage and history information*

### World War II

Established on 8 December 1942 at Westover Field, Massachusetts as the **356th Fighter Group**, equipped with P-47 Thunderbolts. Deployed to the European Theater of Operations (ETO), and assigned to Eighth Air Force in England. Engaged in combat operations until May 1945. Returned to the United States during September–November 1945, and was inactivated on 10 November 1945.

### Tennessee Air National Guard

Was re-established in 1946 as the Tennessee Air National Guard 118th Fighter Group, receiving federal recognition and being activated on 2 October 1947. Formed at Berry Field, Nashville. The new Group was initially assigned to the 54th Fighter Wing, Fourteenth Air Force. It consisted of the 105th Fighter Squadron and the 155th Fighter Squadron at Memphis Municipal Airport. Both squadrons flew the F-47 Thunderbolt. In October 1947, the 154th Fighter Squadron at Little Rock, Arkansas (Arkansas ANG), was assigned to the Group. The 154th flew F-51 Mustangs.

On 1 September 1950, the group was elevated to a Wing level and was activated as the 118th Composite Wing. It was assigned to Fourteenth Air Force, Continental Air Command, with Wing Headquarters at Berry Field. The 118th Fighter Group was redesignated the 118th Composite Group and along with the 105th Fighter Squadron was absorbed by the 118th Composite Wing. On 1 February 1951, the 118th Composite Wing, 118th Composite Group and 105th Fighter Squadron were redesignated the 118th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing, Group and Squadron respectively.

The 118th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing (TRW) and Group were activated for federal service 1 February 1951. On 13 April 1951, the 118th TRW was reassigned to Tactical Air Command, (TAC), Langley AFB, Virginia, and operated from the municipal airport at Memphis, TN. On 3 August 1951, the 118th TRW was released from assignment to TAC and reassigned and transferred to Headquarters Ninth Air Force, Shaw AFB, SC. The 105th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron stayed at Berry Field. It was redesignated as the 105th Fighter Interceptor Squadron and was activated in place 1 March 1951. While on active duty, it operated two geographically separated units; Detachment 1 flying P-47 Thunderbolt aircraft, from McGhee-Tyson Airport at Knoxville, TN, provided air defense for the Atomic Energy Commission at Oak Ridge, and Detachment 2 was the 4674th Ground Observer Squadron, Smyrna, TN.

1 January 1953, the 118th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing returned to Berry Field with the following assigned units: 118th Tactical Reconnaissance Group, 105th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron, 155th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron at Memphis, and the 154th Tactical Reconnaissance Squadron at Little Rock, AR. The units were equipped with the RF-51 Mustang from 1953 – 1954, the Lockheed RF-80C Shooting Star from 1954 – 1956, and the Republic RF-84F Thunderflash from 1956 to early 1961.

In April 1961 the Wing converted to an airlift mission flying the C-97G Stratofreighter. On 12 May 1961, the 118th Air Transport Wing (Heavy) was reassigned to Eastern Transport Air Force (EASTAF), Military Air Transport Service (MATS). In January 1966, MATS was renamed Military Airlift Command (MAC). As a result, the 118th Air Transport Wing, Group and Squadron were redesignated the 118th Military Airlift Wing, Group and Squadron. The 118th MAW converted to the C-124C Globemaster II transport and received the first of eight of these aircraft 6 April 1967.

Operating from Nashville during the Vietnam War, the 118th MAW supported global airlift requirements of U.S. military forces. The Wing became Executive Agent for ANG Airlift Support in conjunction with the Vietnam effort in 1965. This function now resides at the Air National Guard Readiness Center at Andrews AFB, MD. A well-trained group of officers and airmen at Berry Field operating 24 hours a day, seven days a week, coordinated the airlift of equipment and personnel by 18 Military Airlift Groups in 15 states. Beginning in December 1965, the 105th MAS flew more than 100 missions to South Vietnam in a period of approximately a year and a half.

In March 1971, the Wing converted to the C-130A Hercules aircraft and became the 118th Tactical Airlift Wing. The Wing was assigned to Ninth Air Force, Tactical Air Command. Ultimately five ANG Tactical Airlift Groups were assigned to the Wing by 9 June 1973: the 145th TAG, Charlotte, NC, the 166th TAG, New Castle, DE, the 167th TAG Martinsburg, WV, the 170th TAG, McGuire AFB, NJ, and the 118th TAG at Nashville. 1 December 1974, the 118th Tactical Airlift Wing was transferred from 9th Air Force, Tactical Air Command (TAC), to 21st Air Force, Military Airlift Command (MAC). On 9 February 1975, the 118th Tactical Airlift Group was inactivated, passing its World War II lineage and history to the 118th Tactical Airlift Wing. In June 1978 the Wing was recognized for its achievements and was awarded the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award. In 1979, the Wing was enlarged from eight to sixteen C-130A Aircraft.

Since acquiring the C-130 airframe, the unit has supported a worldwide tactical airlift mission. Participation in exercises such as Brave Shield, Brim Frost and Red Flag were accomplished with some of the oldest aircraft in the inventory (1954–1957 A models). Rotations to Panama in support of Volant Oak beginning in 1977 became routine.

### Post-Cold War

The Wing mobilized 462 personnel during 21 deployments for Operation Desert Shield and Operation Desert Storm in southwest Asia and flew a record 7239 flying hours. In 1992, Military Airlift Command (MAC) was reorganized as the Air Mobility Command (AMC). As a part of this reorganization, the 118th Tactical Airlift Wing became the 118th Airlift Wing. With sixteen C-130H aircraft and 1406 personnel at Nashville, the 118th Airlift Wing was one of the largest flying units in the Air National Guard at that time.

Following 11 September 2001, the operational tempo increased. Over one-third of the Wing was activated for one year or more to supporting the National Homeland Security Plan (Operation Noble Eagle), which included deploying aircraft and personnel to bases inside the United States for several months, then assigned a home station alert mission. Shortly after the Wing completed the Noble Eagle mission, the Wing was selected to deploy to Southwest Asia in support CENTCOM Operations.

### Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom

In 2003, the 118th deployed ten C-130’s and over 320 personnel to the Middle East in direct support of combat operations at the beginning of Operation Iraqi Freedom. While living in austere conditions in tents, enduring the desert heat and sand storms, the men and women of the 118th supported combat operations into and out of Baghdad and surrounding areas of Iraq. The 118th was the lead wing in establishing a bare base in support of the largest contingent of C-130’s ever based in a combat environment, over 46 C-130’s located at a single base. The unit supported CENTCOM at various locations in Iraq, Kuwait, Oman and Saudi Arabia. The unit returned home at different times in late 2003 as U.S. forces were drawn down and rotated to meet the changing requirements. In late 2003, the Wing again deployed to Uzbekistan supporting Operating Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan.

### BRAC 2005 and the C-130 International Training Center

As part of BRAC 2005, the Department of Defense was recommended to realign Berry Field Air National Guard Base. This recommendation would distribute the C-130H aircraft of the 118th Airlift Wing to the 182d Airlift Wing of the Illinois Air National Guard at Greater Peoria Airport Air National Guard Station, IL (four aircraft), and the 123d Airlift Wing of the Kentucky Air National Guard at Louisville IAP Air National Guard Station, KY (four aircraft). Flying related ECS (aerial port and fire fighters) would move to Memphis Air National Guard Base and the aeromedical squadron from Nashville would move to NAS JRB Fort Worth, TX. Other ECS would remain in place at Nashville. Nashville had a low military value ranking and was near other ANG bases keeping or gaining aircraft.

In October 2007, it was announced that as an amendment to the BRAC 2005 decision, the 118 AW would continue to retain a flying mission, transitioning from an Air Mobility Command (AMC)-gained unit to that of a training organization operationally gained by the Air Education and Training Command (AETC). As the C-130 International Training Center, the 118 AW assumed a new role in support of DoD Foreign Military Sales (FMS), training up to 150 international military C-130E and C-130H flight crew and maintenance students annually. Although its C-130H2 aircraft were transferred to other Air National Guard airlift wings, the 118 AW did gain six WC-130H aircraft that had been retired from weather reconnaissance duties with the Air Force Reserve Command's 403d Wing at Keesler AFB, Mississippi. The first class of international C-130 students (from Poland) trained by the 118 AW graduated in October 2008.

Shortly after transitioning to the C-130 International Training Center, the 118th Airlift Wing was again reorganized as the 118th Wing. The 118th is now tasked with supporting global unmanned aircraft intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance operations. The wing converted to MQ-9 Reaper Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) during 2012.

### Lineage

* Constituted as **356th Fighter Group** on 8 December 1942

Activated on 12 December 1942 Inactivated on 10 November 1945 * Re-designated **118th Fighter Group** and allotted to Tennessee ANG on 24 May 1946

Extended federal recognition on 2 October 1947 Re-designated: **118th Composite Group** in Nov 1950 Re-designated: **118th Tactical Reconnaissance Group** in Feb 1951 Ordered to active duty on 1 April 1951 Relieved from active service and returned, without personnel and equipment, Tennessee state control, 1 January 1953 Re-designated: **118th Air Transport Group**, 1 April 1961 Re-designated: **118th Military Airlift Group**, 8 January 1966 Re-designated: **118th Tactical Airlift Group**, 1 March 1971 Status changed from Group to Wing, 9 February 1975 Re-designated: **118th Tactical Airlift Wing**, 9 February 1975 Re-designated: **118th Airlift Wing**, 1 January 1993 Re-designated: **118th Wing**, 1 September 2012

### Assignments

* I Fighter Command, 12 December 1942

Attached to: New York Fighter Wing 30 May – 4 July 1943 Attached to: Boston Fighter Wing 4 July – 15 August 1943 Attached to: 1st Bombardment (later Air) Division, 15 September 1944 – 2 November 1945 Gained by: Tenth Air Force, Continental Air Command Gained by: Tactical Air Command, 1 April 1951 * 363d Tactical Reconnaissance Wing, 15 January 1952
* Tennessee Air National Guard, 1 January 1953

Gained by: Tactical Air Command Gained by: Eastern Transport Air Force, (EASTAF), Military Air Transport Service, 1 April 1961 Gained by: Twenty-First Air Force, Military Airlift Command, 8 January 1966 Gained by: Tactical Air Command, 1 March 1971 Gained by: Military Airlift Command, 1 December 1973 Gained by: Air Mobility Command, 1 June 1992 Gained by: Air Education and Training Command, 1 June 2007 – September 2012 Gained by: Air Combat Command, September 2012

### Components

### Stations

### Aircraft

### Operations and decorations

* Combat Operations: World War II
* Campaigns:

* Decorations:

Distinguished Unit Citation: Holland, 17, 18, and 23 September 1944. Air Force Outstanding Unit Award

This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

## InfoBox

| 118th Wing | |
| --- | --- |
| Personnel of the 118th Wing with an MQ-9 Reaper at Berry ANGB | |
| Active | 27 August 1917–Present |
| Country | United States |
| Allegiance | Tennessee |
| Branch | Air National Guard |
| Type | Wing |
| Role | Intel, Cyber, Remotely Piloted Aircraft |
| Part of | Tennessee Air National Guard |
| Garrison/HQ | Berry Field Air National Guard Base, Nashville, Tennessee |
| Tail Code | Dark Red tail stripe, "Nashville" in white letters |
| Insignia | |
| 118th Wing emblem |  |


abstract: The People's Choice Award for Best Female Artist was first presented in 2000. Reba McEntire has won this award six times making her the most awarded artist in the category. Taylor Swift is the most nominated artist in the category with ten nominations. From 1975 to 1998 only winners were announced. Starting from 1999 multiple nominees were revealed before the winner was announced during the year's ceremony.

text:
# People's Choice Award for Favorite Female Artist

The **People's Choice Award for Best Female Artist** was first presented in 2000. Reba McEntire has won this award six times making her the most awarded artist in the category. Taylor Swift is the most nominated artist in the category with ten nominations. From 1975 to 1998 only winners were announced. Starting from 1999 multiple nominees were revealed before the winner was announced during the year's ceremony.

## Winners and nominees

| Year | Recipient | Nominees |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2024 | **Taylor Swift** |  |
| 2022 | **Taylor Swift** |  |
| 2021 | **Adele** |  |
| 2020 | **Ariana Grande** |  |
| 2019 | **Billie Eilish** |  |
| 2018 | **Nicki Minaj** |  |
| 2017 | **Britney Spears** |  |
| 2016 | **Taylor Swift** |  |
| 2015 | **Taylor Swift** |  |
| 2014 | **Demi Lovato** |  |
| 2013 | **Katy Perry** |  |
| 2012 | **Katy Perry** |  |
| 2011 | **Katy Perry** |  |
| 2010 | **Taylor Swift** |  |
| 2000 | **Shania Twain** |  |
| 1999 | **Celine Dion** |  |
| 1998 |  |  |
| 1997 | **Reba McEntire** |  |
| 1996 | **Reba McEntire** |  |
| 1995 | **Reba McEntire** |  |
| 1994 | **Reba McEntire** |  |
| 1993 | **Whitney Houston** |  |
| 1992 | **Reba McEntire** |  |
| 1991 | **Paula Abdul** |  |
| 1990 | **Paula Abdul** |  |
| 1989 | **Whitney Houston** |  |
| 1988 | **Whitney Houston** |  |
| 1987 | **Whitney Houston** |  |
| 1986 | **Madonna** |  |
| 1985 | **Barbara Mandrell** |  |
| 1984 | Not awarded | | |
| 1983 | Not awarded | | |
| 1982 | **Barbara Mandrell** |  |
| 1981 | **Pat Benatar** |  |
| 1980 | Not awarded | | |
| 1979 | **Olivia Newton-John** |  |
| 1978 | Not awarded | | |
| 1977 | **Olivia Newton-John** |  |
| 1976 | Not awarded | | |
| 1975 |  |  |
|

## Category facts

### Most wins

| Rank | Artist | Award Won | Years Won |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | Reba McEntire | 6 | 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997 and 1998 |
| 2. | Whitney Houston | 5 | 1987, 1988, 1989, 1993 and 1998 |
| | Taylor Swift | 5 | 2010, 2015, 2016, 2022 and 2023 |
| 4. | Katy Perry | 3 | 2011, 2012 and 2013 |
| | Olivia Newton-John | 3 | 1975, 1977 and 1979 |

### Most nominations

| Rank | Artist | Award Nominations |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | Taylor Swift | 10 |
| 2. | Katy Perry | 5 |
| 3. | Britney Spears | 4 |
| | Beyoncé | |
| | Ariana Grande | |
| 4. | Pink | 3 |
| | Adele | |
| | Cardi B | |
| | Carrie Underwood | |
| | Lady Gaga | |
| 5. | Miley Cyrus | 2 |
| | Billie Eilish | |
| | Demi Lovato | |
| | Selena Gomez | |
| | Camila Cabello | |
| | Nicki Minaj | |

## InfoBox

| People's Choice Awards for Favorite Female Artist | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | United States |
| Presented by | People's Choice Awards |
| First awarded | 1975 |
| Currently held by | Taylor Swift (2024) |
| Most awards |  |
| Most nominations | Taylor Swift (11) |
| Website | pca.eonline.com |


title: United States bankruptcy court

abstract: United States bankruptcy courts are courts created under Article I of the United States Constitution. The current system of bankruptcy courts was created by the United States Congress in 1978, effective April 1, 1984. United States bankruptcy courts function as units of the district courts and have subject-matter jurisdiction over bankruptcy cases. The federal district courts have original and exclusive jurisdiction over all cases arising under the bankruptcy code,, and bankruptcy cases cannot be filed in state court. Each of the 94 federal judicial districts handles bankruptcy matters. Technically, the United States district courts have subject matter jurisdiction over bankruptcy matters. However, each such district court may, by order, "refer" bankruptcy matters to the bankruptcy court. As a practical matter, most district courts have a standing "reference" order to that effect, so that all bankruptcy cases in that district are handled, at least initially, by the bankruptcy court. In unusual circumstances, a district court may in a particular case "withdraw the reference" under 28 U.S.C. § 157(d). The overwhelming majority of all proceedings in bankruptcy are held before a United States bankruptcy judge, whose decisions are subject to appeals to the district court. In some judicial circuits, appeals may be taken to a Bankruptcy Appellate Panel (BAP). The bankruptcy judges in each judicial district in regular active service constitute a "unit" of the applicable United States district court. The bankruptcy judge is appointed for a renewable term of 14 years by the United States Court of Appeals for the circuit in which the applicable district is located. The Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure (FRBP) govern procedure in the U.S. bankruptcy courts. Decisions of the bankruptcy courts are not collected and published in an official reporter produced by the government. Instead, the de facto official source for opinions of the bankruptcy courts is West's Bankruptcy Reporter, published privately by Thomson West. Bankruptcy courts appoint a trustee to represent the interests of the creditors and administer the cases. The U.S. Trustee appoints Chapter 7 trustees for a renewable period of 1 year, Chapter 13 trustees are "standing trustees" who administer cases in a specific geographic region.

text:
# United States bankruptcy court

**United States bankruptcy courts** are courts created under Article I of the United States Constitution. The current system of bankruptcy courts was created by the United States Congress in 1978, effective April 1, 1984. United States bankruptcy courts function as units of the district courts and have subject-matter jurisdiction over bankruptcy cases. The federal district courts have original and exclusive jurisdiction over all cases arising under the bankruptcy code, (see 28 U.S.C. § 1334(a)), and bankruptcy cases cannot be filed in state court. Each of the 94 federal judicial districts handles bankruptcy matters.

Technically, the United States district courts have subject matter jurisdiction over bankruptcy matters (see 28 U.S.C. § 1334(a)). However, each such district court may, by order, "refer" bankruptcy matters to the bankruptcy court (see 28 U.S.C. § 157(a)). As a practical matter, most district courts have a standing "reference" order to that effect, so that all bankruptcy cases in that district are handled, at least initially, by the bankruptcy court. In unusual circumstances, a district court may in a particular case "withdraw the reference" (i.e., take the case or a particular proceeding within the case away from the bankruptcy court and decide the matter itself) under 28 U.S.C. § 157(d).

The overwhelming majority of all proceedings in bankruptcy are held before a United States bankruptcy judge, whose decisions are subject to appeals to the district court. In some judicial circuits, appeals may be taken to a Bankruptcy Appellate Panel (BAP). The bankruptcy judges in each judicial district in regular active service constitute a "unit" of the applicable United States district court (see 28 U.S.C. § 151). The bankruptcy judge is appointed for a renewable term of 14 years by the United States Court of Appeals for the circuit in which the applicable district is located (see 28 U.S.C. § 152).

The Federal Rules of Bankruptcy Procedure (FRBP) govern procedure in the U.S. bankruptcy courts.

Decisions of the bankruptcy courts are not collected and published in an official reporter produced by the government. Instead, the *de facto* official source for opinions of the bankruptcy courts is *West's Bankruptcy Reporter*, published privately by Thomson West.

Bankruptcy courts appoint a trustee to represent the interests of the creditors and administer the cases. The U.S. Trustee appoints Chapter 7 trustees for a renewable period of 1 year, Chapter 13 trustees are "standing trustees" who administer cases in a specific geographic region.