# 1982 Western Isles Islands Council election

The third election to the Western Isles Islands Council was held on 6 May 1982 as part of the wider 1982 Scottish regional elections. All candidates stood as Independents. Of the councils 30 councillors, 19 were elected unopposed.

Five incumbent councillors were defeated in the election, including Education Committee Chair Kathleen Macaskill.

Following the election, Alexander Matheson, the final Provost of Stornoway Town Council prior to its abolition in 1975, unseated incumbent Convener Donald Macaulay in their third successive contest for the position. Macaulay was subsequently elected Matheson's Vice-Convener after a 15-15 council vote was decided by lot.

## Aggregate results

Western Isles Council election, 1982
| Party | | Seats | Gains | Losses | Net gain/loss | Seats % | Votes % | Votes | +/− |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Independent | **30** | **0** | **0** | **0** | **100.00** | **100.00** | **5,314** | **0.0** |

## Ward Results

Port of Ness
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Donald Murray** | **318** | **54.1%** |
|  | Independent | Angus Morrison (Incumbent) | 269 | 45.7% |
| Majority | | | 49 | 8.4% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Dell
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Donald Murray** | **258** | **56.7%** |
|  | Independent | Kathleen MacAskill (Incumbent) | 196 | 43.1% |
| Majority | | | 62 | 13.6% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Barvas
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **W. MacLeod (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Shawbost
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Donald MacLeod** | **318** | **58.3%** |
|  | Independent | Malcolm MacLeod (Incumbent) | 180 | 33.0% |
|  | Independent | Donald Murray | 47 | 8.6% |
| Majority | | | 138 | 25.3% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Carloway
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Malcolm MacArthur (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Uig
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Donald MacAulay (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Gress
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **K.A. MacIver (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Coll
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Murdo MacDonald (Incumbent)** | **351** | **60.3%** |
|  | Independent | J. MacIver | 231 | 39.7% |
| Majority | | | 120 | 20.6% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Laxdale
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Allan MacLeod** | **156** | **39.4%** |
|  | Independent | Angus MacLeod | 128 | 32.3% |
|  | Independent | Norman MacIver | 111 | 28.0% |
| Majority | | | 28 | 7.1% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Coulregrein
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **J.M. MacMillan (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Manor Park
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **James MacRae (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Bayhead
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Murdo Afrin (Incumbent)** | **244** | **51.8%** |
|  | Independent | Colin Finlayson | 153 | 32.5% |
|  | Independent | Frank Apps | 47 | 10.0% |
|  | Independent | Jim Galloway | 26 | 5.5% |
| Majority | | | 91 | 19.3% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Goathill
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **M.A. MacMillan (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Newton
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Sandy Matheson (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Sandwick
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Duncan Kennedy** | **332** | **58.6%** |
|  | Independent | William MacDonald (Incumbent) | 234 | 41.3% |
| Majority | | | 98 | 17.3% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Aignish
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **John Crichton (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Tiumpan
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Donald MacKay (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

North Lochs
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **D.R. MacAulay** | **393** | **74.4%** |
|  | Independent | J.P. MacIntosh | 135 | 25.6% |
| Majority | | | 258 | 48.8% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Kinloch
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Ian MacLennan (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Pairc
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **D. MacKay (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Tarbert
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Donald MacKinnon (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Bays
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **D. MacDonald (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Obbe
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Wilfred Leonard (Incumbent)** | **153** | **32.9%** |
|  | Independent | Murdo MacLean | 126 | 27.1% |
|  | Independent | James Downie | 112 | 24.1% |
|  | Independent | George MacLeod | 74 | 15.9% |
| Majority | | | 27 | 5.8% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Paible
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Donald MacDonald** | **223** | **55.8%** |
|  | Independent | N.M. Johnston | 177 | 44.3% |
| Majority | | | 46 | 11.6% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Lochmaddy
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **James Robertson (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Benbecula
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **J. MacArthur** | **181** | **56.2%** |
|  | Independent | Catherine MacEachan | 141 | 43.8% |
| Majority | | | 40 | 12.5% |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Iochdar
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Mary Bremner (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Lochboisdale
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **J. MacIntyre (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Northbay
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Reginald Allan (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

Castlebay
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Independent** | **Hugh Morrison (Incumbent)** | **unopposed** | **unopposed** |
| Majority | | | unopposed | unopposed |
|  | Independent **hold** | | | |

## InfoBox

1982 Western Isles Islands Council election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  All 30 seats to Western Isles Council
16 seats needed for a majority | |
| First party   Leader Donald Macauley   Party Independent   Leader's seat Uig   Last election *30 seats, 100.0%*   Seats before **30**   Seats won **30**   Seat change **0**   Popular vote **5,314**   Percentage **100.0%**   Swing **0.0%** | |
| ---  **Council control before election**
Donald Macauley
Independent **Council control after election**
Sandy Matheson
Independent | |


title: Luigi Mascolo

abstract: Luigi Mascolo, was an Italian former Catholic priest who converted to and became a bishop of the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (ICAB), an independent Catholic Church in Brazil.

text:
# Luigi Mascolo

**Luigi Mascolo** (born January 7, 1927), was an Italian former Catholic priest who converted to and became a bishop of the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church (ICAB), an independent Catholic Church in Brazil.

## Biography

Mascolo was born in Irsina, Italy, in January 1927. After narrowly escaping deportation to a Nazi forced labor camp during World War II, he studied in Rome and was later ordained a priest of the Diocese of Matera-Irsina in 1957, before being sent to Brazil as a *Fidei Donum* missionary. Struggling to find his niche in Brazil, he converted to the Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church and was consecrated as an ICAB bishop in 1964 by Antidio Jose Vargas, becoming ICAB's bishop in Rio de Janeiro and later national leader of ICAB during the 1970s (among other acts he consecrated the first bishop and Patriarch of the Argentine Catholic Apostolic Church, Leonardo Morizio Dominguez, in 1972). According to Roman Catholic Canon Law his actions against the Catholic Church resulted in automatic excommunication by the Vatican.

1. Jarvis, Edward. *God, Land & Freedom: The True Story of ICAB,* Apocryphile Press, Berkeley CA, 2018, pp 128-129
2. Jarvis, Edward. *God, Land & Freedom: The True Story of ICAB,* Apocryphile Press, Berkeley CA, 2018, pp 139-144, 159-160

## InfoBox

| Luigi Mascolo | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop of ICAB | |
| Church | Brazilian Catholic Apostolic Church |
| Archdiocese | Rio de Janeiro |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 1964
by Antidio Jose Vargas |
| Rank | Bishop |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 7 January 1927
Irsina, Italy |
| Died | Brazil |
| Nationality | Italian, Brazilian |
| Denomination | Independent Catholicism, former Roman Catholic |
| Profession | Priest, missionary |


title: Skanda (general)

abstract: Skanda was a general serving under the Chauhan dynasty of Ajmer. He took part in the successful First Battle of Tarain but according to the Viruddha Vidhi Vidhvansa and other sources, he could not participate in the Second Battle of Tarain due to some uncertain reasons.

text:
# Skanda (general)

**Skanda** was a general serving under the Chauhan dynasty of Ajmer. He took part in the successful First Battle of Tarain but according to the *Viruddha Vidhi Vidhvansa* and other sources, he could not participate in the Second Battle of Tarain due to some uncertain reasons.

## Early life

Skanda was born into a prestigious Nagar Brahmin family of kashyapa gotra he was in a designated position of commander-in-chief in the Chahamana court. His ancestors were advisors to the Chauhan kings, his father Sodha was the advisor to king Someshvara and was succeeded by his son Vamana to the post. Skanda was his younger son who was appointed as the Senadhipati.

## Military career

As a general, Skanda participated in many of Prithviraj Chauhan's campaigns with success. He materially contributed to the Rajput army in the First Battle of Tarain and took part in it himself, bringing success. Between the years of 1182-1187, the Ghurid kingdom launched raids on the northern territories of the Chahamanas.

Lakshmidhar, the author of the *Viruddha Vidhi Vidhvansa*, was a descendant of Skanda a few generations away from him. The text states that he was engaged in another campaign at the time (specifics of which are not given) and was unable to take part in the Second Battle of Tarain.

Hariraja, the dissatisfied brother of the deceased Prithviraj Chauhan, attacked and managed to recapture Ajmer, and became the new Chahamana king, with support from Prithviraja's former general Skanda.

## InfoBox

| Skanda | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Chahamana kingdom |
| Allegiance | Chahamana kingdom |
| Years of service | 12th century |
| Commands | *Senadhipati* of the Chahamana army |
| Battles/wars |  |
| Relations | * Sodha (father) * Vamana (brother) |


title: Zhu Shijie (painter)

abstract: Zhu Shijie was a Chinese painter and educator, who is regarded as one of the fathers of Chinese oil painting and an important art educator of his time. Born in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, Zhu began studying painting in 1912 and founded the Suzhou Art Academy in 1922. In the 1920s, Zhu went to Japan and brought back to China the Bauhaus concepts and ideas of practical art. Zhu, along with Yan Wenliang and Hu Cuizhong comprise the “Three Masters of Suzhou”.

text:
# Zhu Shijie (painter)

| Zhu Shijie | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 朱士傑 |
| Simplified Chinese | 朱士杰 |
| Transcriptions | |
|  | |

**Zhu Shijie** (Chinese: 朱士傑; 1900 - 1990) was a Chinese painter and educator, who is regarded as one of the fathers of Chinese oil painting and an important art educator of his time. Born in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, Zhu began studying painting in 1912 and founded the Suzhou Art Academy in 1922. In the 1920s, Zhu went to Japan and brought back to China the Bauhaus concepts and ideas of practical art. Zhu, along with Yan Wenliang and Hu Cuizhong comprise the “Three Masters of Suzhou”.

## Early life

Zhu Shijie studied traditional Chinese paintings, including flower, bird, and landscape, under Yan Chunsheng and Fan Shaoyun in 1912.

## Career

In 1922, along with two other artists Yan Wenliang and Hu Cuizhong, He established the Suzhou Academy of Fine Arts. In a national reorganisation in 1952, the Suzhou Fine Arts Institute and the Shanghai Fine Arts Academy were incorporated into the Nanjing Academy of Fine Arts. Zhu, Yan and Hu were passionate about reforming traditional art education in China. They attempted to modernise Chinese art education by introducing western concepts and methods in their school.

The Academy fundraised and bought a large amount of torso and plaster from Paris in the late 1930s. While in Europe, Yan assembled a collection of plaster casts of famous European sculptures, which totaled as many as 500 pieces, which he shipped home to be used at the Academy. Zhu was then tasked to fix those sculptures that were damaged during transit.

Many well-known artists were nurtured such as Luo Erchun, Mo Pu and Fei Yifu.

For a large part of his life, Zhu taught in Eastern China College of Art, the former Nanjing Academy of Fine Arts.

## Work

9 works including "Jing Gangshan Mountain" and "Small Wharf at Dongting Lake" are part of the collection of the National Art Museum of China in Beijing.

His important works such as "Net Casting" and "View of the Bridge" are at Jiangsu Fine Arts Museum.

A sizable portion of Zhu's work is in private collections in Taiwan and Hong Kong.

1. "YAN WENLIANG – 艺术界 LEAP". *www.leapleapleap.com*. Retrieved 2018-12-12.
2. "Remembering art masters of Suzhou". *Shanghai Daily*. 2 July 2009.
3. "ZHU Shijie Artist Biographies - Ravenel International Art Group Artist ZHU Shijie". *ZHU Shijie Artist Biographies - Ravenel International Art Group*. Retrieved 2018-12-12.

## InfoBox

| Zhu Shijie | |
| --- | --- |
| Zhu Shijie (circa 1930) | |
| Born | (1900-01-20)20 January 1900
Suzhou, China |
| Died | 1 February 1990(1990-02-01) (aged 90)
Suzhou |
| Known for | Oil painting |
| Movement | Impressionism |


title: Thachanallur Pastorate

abstract: Thachanallur Pastorate is a pastorate which belongs to the Tirunelveli Diocese in Tamil Nadu, India. Thachanallur Pastorate was previously affiliated with the Tirunelveli Junction Pastorate. It was separated in 2009 and emerged as a new pastorate.

text:
# Thachanallur Pastorate

**Thachanallur Pastorate** is a pastorate which belongs to the Tirunelveli Diocese in Tamil Nadu, India. Thachanallur Pastorate was previously affiliated with the Tirunelveli Junction Pastorate. It was separated in 2009 and emerged as a new pastorate.

## History

The Christian people who lived in the small town "Thachanallur" started gathering in the TDTA primary school, which belonged to the Tirunelveli Junction Pastorate. The church was named "The Christ Church" by Rev. Clement Duraisingh. The first Catechist of this was Mr. P. Koilpillai.

Praying members of the congregation had a vision of building a new church for themselves. The land for the church was brought near the southern bypass road; however, the members of the church were not rich enough to support the construction of the church building. At that time Thangadurai Dhanaraj took charge of catechist. Finally the church was built and opened for worship on 18 February 1996. Rev. Clement Duraisingh renamed it as "Good Shepherd Church". In 2006 Mr. Andrew became the catechist of the congregation.

## Pastorate

Tirunelveli Junction Pastorate was divided into two. Good Shepherd Church was given the autonomy. Along with four more congregations Thachanallur Pastorate was established on 4 April 2009. The pastorate is affiliated to the North-West Council of the Tirunelveli Diocese. Rev. P. Swaminathan was appointed as the first Presbyter-in-charge for the newly formed Thachanallur Pastorate. Rev. M. Rajasekaran served as the Presbyter-in-charge for the Pastorate. Rev. A. Paul Jebaraj is the current Pastorate Chairman & Correspondent of Thachanallur Pastorate.

1. "Tirunelveli Diocese - Pastorate Links". Archived from the original on 6 January 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2010.
2. "Tirunelveli Diocese - Tirunelveli Junction". Archived from the original on 5 January 2009. Retrieved 14 January 2010.
3. "Wikimapia - Let's describe the whole world!". wikimapia.org. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
4. "Tirunelveli Diocese - Diocese Structure". Archived from the original on 23 May 2009. Retrieved 14 January 2010.

## InfoBox

| Thachanallur Pastorate | |
| --- | --- |
| Good Shepherd Church, Thachanallur Pastorate | |
| Country | India |
| Website | www.csithachanallur.org |
| History | |
| Founded | 19 February 1993 (1993-02-19) |
| Dedication | Rt. Rev. S Jeyapaul David |
| Dedicated | 19 February 1993 |
| Administration | |
| District | Tirunelveli |
| Synod | Church of South India |
| Presbytery | Rev. P. Swaminathan |
| Province | Tamil Nadu |
| Diocese | Tirunelveli Diocese |
| Parish | Thachanallur Pastorate |
| Clergy | |
| Bishop(s) | Rt. Rev. J.J. Christdoss |
| Pastor(s) | Asirvadham Moses, Mr. Prabakaran, Mr. Jebastin, Sam Sargunaraj |
| Laity | |
| Organist/Director of music | J. Dhinagar Vivin Christlin |


title: Valentine of Passau

abstract: Valentine of Passau was a bishop, abbot, monk, and hermit. He was a papal missionary bishop to Rhaetia; and among the first patrons of Passau. He finally lived as a hermit in Zenoburg, Merano, South Tyrol, northern Italy.

text:
# Valentine of Passau

**Valentine of Passau** (died 7 January 475) was a bishop, abbot, monk, and hermit. He was a papal missionary bishop to Rhaetia (present Switzerland, Bavaria, Tyrol, and South Tyrol); and among the first patrons of Passau. He finally lived as a hermit in Zenoburg, Merano, South Tyrol, northern Italy.

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Saint<br>Valentine of Passau | |
| --- | --- |
| Valentine of Passau | |
| Bishop, Missionary, Monk | |
| Died | 7 January 475 |
| Venerated in | Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church |
| Feast | January 7 |
| Attributes | bishop preaching to pagans |
| Patronage | convulsions, cramps, epilepsy |


title: Motilal (actor)

abstract: Motilal Rajvansh was an Indian actor and the winner of Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award for Devdas (1955) and Parakh (1960). He is credited with being among Hindi cinema's first natural actors. He also directed the film Chhoti Chhoti Baten (1965), but died before its release. At the 13th National Film Awards, it won the award for Certificate of Merit for the Third Best Feature Film and he posthumously won the Certificate of Merit for the Best Story Writer.

text:
# Motilal (actor)

**Motilal Rajvansh** (4 December 1910 – 17 June 1965) was an Indian actor and the winner of Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award for *Devdas* (1955) and *Parakh* (1960). He is credited with being among Hindi cinema's first natural actors.

He also directed the film *Chhoti Chhoti Baten* (1965), but died before its release. At the 13th National Film Awards, it won the award for Certificate of Merit for the Third Best Feature Film and he posthumously won the Certificate of Merit for the Best Story Writer.

## Early life and background

Born in Shimla on 4 December 1910, Motilal came from a distinguished family. His father was a renowned educationist, who died when Motilal was one year old. He was brought up by his uncle who was a well-known civil surgeon in Uttar Pradesh. At first, Motilal was sent to an English school at Shimla and later, in Uttar Pradesh (UP). Thereafter, he shifted to Delhi where he continued with school and college.

## Acting career

Motilal Rajvansh said of his screen career with characteristic humour:

> Married a 100 times, died almost twice, never born but always brought down by a parachute.

After leaving college, Moti came to Bombay to join the Navy, but he fell ill and could not appear for the test. Fate had other choices charted out for him. One day, he went to see a film shoot at Sagar Studios, where director K. P. Ghosh was shooting. Motilal, even then, was quite the man about the town and he caught Ghosh's eye. In 1934 (aged 24), he was offered the hero's role in *Shaher Ka Jadoo* (1934) by the Sagar Film Company. He later featured in several successful social dramas alongside Sabita Devi, including *Dr. Madhurika* (1935) and *Kulvadhu* (1937). He worked with Mehboob Khan in *Jagirdar* (1937) and *Hum Tum Aur Woh* (1938) under the Sagar Movietone banner, in *Taqdeer* (1943) for Mehboob Productions, and Kidar Sharma's *Armaan* (1942) and *Kaliyan* (1944). He also acted in S. S. Vasan's film *Paigham* (1959) (Gemini Studios), and Raj Kapoor's *Jagte Raho* (1956).

In 1965, he also acted in the Bhojpuri film *Solaho Singar Kare Dulhaniya.*

Perhaps the role for which he received the most critical appreciation was that of the gentleman crook in S. S. Vasan's adaptation of R K Narayan's book *Mr Sampat* (1952). He is most remembered for his role as "Chunni Babu" in Bimal Roy's *Devdas* (1955), for which he won his first Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award. Actor Naseeruddin Shah once described him as one of three all-time best actors of Hindi cinema, others being Balraj Sahni and Yakub.

## Personal life

Motilal was very suave and polished, and moved in high society, though towards the end of his life he was in financial difficulty. Although a thorough gentleman, he enjoyed gambling and races, and died almost penniless in 1965.

He was in a relationship for several years with the actress Nadira. He was later involved with actress Shobhna Samarth after she separated from her husband, and he played Samarth's real-life daughter Nutan's father in *Hamari Beti*, Shobhana's launch movie for Nutan. He also played her guardian in *Anari*, though this time the role had a villainous touch to it.

## Tribute

Amitabh Bachchan wrote in the foreword of *The Hundred Luminaries of Hindi Cinema*: "Not much has been written in praise of a great and very natural actor. He (Motilal) was greatly ahead of his times. Were he alive today his sheer versatility would have ensured a place for him even now. In fact, he would be doing much better than many of us."

## Filmography

### Actor

1. *Yeh Zindagi Kitni Haseen Hai* (1966)
2. *Chhoti Chhoti Baten* (1965)
3. *Waqt* (1965)
4. *Solaho Singar Kare Dulhaniya* (Bhojpuri) (1965)
5. *Ji Chahta Hai* (1964)
6. *Leader* (1964)
7. *Yeh Rastey Hain Pyar Ke* (1963)
8. *Asli-Naqli* (1962)
9. *Parakh* (1960)
10. *Anari* (1959)
11. *Paigham* (1959)
12. *Ab Dilli Dur Nahin* (1957)
13. *Jagte Raho* (1956)
14. *Devdas* (1955)
15. *Dhoon* (1953)
16. *Ek Do Teen* (1953)
17. *Apni Izzat* (1952)
18. *Mr. Sampat* (1952)
19. *Hamari Beti* (1950)
20. *Hanste Aansoo* (1950)
21. *Ek Thi Ladki* (1949)
22. *Lekh* (1949)
23. *Gajre* (1948)
24. *Mera Munna* (1948)
25. *Aaj Ki Raat* (1948)
26. *Do Dil* (1947)
27. *Phoolwari* (1946)
28. *Pehli Nazar* (1945)
29. *Dost* (1944)
30. *Mujrim* (1944)
31. *Raunaq* (1944)
32. *Umang* (1944)
33. *Aage Kadam* (1943)
34. *Taqdeer* (1943)
35. *Tasveer* (1943)
36. *Armaan* (1942)
37. *Pardesi* (1941)
38. *Sasural* (1941)
39. *Achhut* (1940)
40. *Holi* (1940)
41. *Aap Ki Marzi* (1939)
42. *Sach Hai* (1939)
43. *Hum Tum Aur Woh* (1938)
44. *Teen Sau Din Ke Baad* (1938)
45. *Captain Kirti Kumar* (1937)
46. *Jagirdar* (1937)
47. *Kulvadhu* (1937)
48. *Kokila* (1937)
49. *Dilawar* (1936)
50. *Do Diwane* (1936)
51. *Jeevan Lata* (1936)
52. *Lagna Bandhan* (1936)
53. *Do Ghadi Ki Mauj* (1935)
54. *Dr. Madhurika* (1935)
55. *Silver King* (1935)
56. *Shaher Ka Jadoo* (1934)
57. *Vatan Parasta* (1934)

### Director

1. *Chhoti Chhoti Baten* (1965)

## InfoBox

| Motilal | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Motilal Rajvansh
(1910-12-04)4 December 1910
Shimla, Punjab, British India (present-day Himachal Pradesh, India) |
| Died | 17 June 1965(1965-06-17) (aged 54)
Bombay, Maharashtra, India |
| Years active | 1934–1965 |
| Partner(s) | Shobhna Samarth
Nadira (sep.) |
| Awards | Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award: Devdas (1955); Parakh (1960) |


title: Nikki Craft

abstract: Nikki Craft is an American feminist activist and writer.

text:
# Nikki Craft

**Nikki Craft** (born 1949) is an American feminist activist and writer.

## Activism

### 1970s

In 1975, Craft presented the Rockwell International board of directors with "...naked doll\[s\] splashed with blood-colored paint" to protest their B-1 bomber called "The Lancer". The same year, Craft founded Women Armed for Self Protection (WASP), which advocated armed self-defense for women in the effort to keep violent men from assaulting them: "Women must perceive themselves as being worth defending. In a life threatening situation there must be no hesitation to pull the trigger", an activist group she was part of articulated. She also recorded "The Rape Song" about Inez Garcia and Joan Little.

In 1976, Craft co-founded the Kitty Genovese Women's Project (KGWP) when she and another activist posed as sociology students under the pretense of doing a "statistical study on violent crimes" and obtained the names of every indicted sex offender in Dallas County from 1959 to 1975. This was before such records were kept on computer; the activists worked for nine months writing all the names down on index cards. A year later, 25,000 copies of the KGWP newspaper were published. The paper listed all 2,100 sex offender indictments, 1,700 of which were multiple offenders, and was distributed throughout Dallas. On March 8, International Women's Day, the group read the names over local community radio KCHU for 13 hours.

In 1979, Craft helped organize the first Myth California Anti-Pageant in Santa Cruz, California. In 1980 Craft joined other pageant protesters and over the next nine years conducted other actions, including throwing raw meat on the stage and pouring the blood of raped women across a pageant entryway. One year three men locked arms on stage, yelling "Men Resist Sexism! Men Resist Sexism!" preventing the crowning until they were dragged away. There were many arrests, and each year the crowds grew larger at the anti-pageant protests which later resulted in the Miss California pageant leaving Santa Cruz. The protests continued in San Diego and in 1988, after the pageant left Santa Cruz and moved to San Diego, the winner of a local pageant unveiled a banner from her bra at the state finals that read "Pageants Hurt All Women." A documentary called *Miss... or Myth?* examines these protests.

### 1980s

In August 1984, Craft was arrested on Herring Cove Beach at Cape Cod National Seashore while protesting the park's public nudity regulations by sunbathing topless, refusing to put on a shirt when contacted by park rangers. After the U.S. Attorney's office declined to prosecute the case several months later, she returned to Cape Cod the following July and repeated the challenge, this time in the parking lot of the ranger station. She later organized a class action suit funded by the Naturist Society against the federal government, which manages the Seashore. Later in the proceedings, she and others withdrew from the case because the Society's attorney had made concessions to the respondents related to clothing requirements for Seashore visitors that included gender distinctions, specifically, the covering of women's breasts.

In 1986, Craft was arrested in Rochester, New York with six other women who were topless or "shirtfree" in public. The case was dismissed on appeal six years later, thus weakening the New York "exposure of a person" state law when pertaining to woman's breasts.

### 1990s and onward

In 1990, Craft opened the Andrea Dworkin Online Library. In 1992, Diana E. H. Russell dedicated her book *Femicide* to Craft. In 1997 Dworkin dedicated her book *Life and Death* to Craft. In 2000, Craft and D.A. Clarke organized "*Feminists for Nader*" and campaigned for the Ralph Nader presidential campaign, 2000.

In 1995, the feminist journal *On the Issues* published Craft's article entitled "Busting Mister Short-Eyes" about a naturist child rapist sentenced to 30 years in prison, partly as a result of Craft's advocacy.

In 2001, she protested the War in Afghanistan and called upon other feminists to do the same. In 2005, she created the "*Hustling the Left*" website, criticizing leaders in leftist and progressive movements who published articles, interviews and expressed public cooperation with Larry Flynt and his magazine, *Hustler*. The website took its name from a June 2005 article by feminist activist Aura Bogado, who protested the promotion of Flynt's support by the anti-war group Not in Our Name. Craft also runs the "*No Status Quo*" website.

## Further reading

* Craft, Nikki (1992), "Nikki Craft: Inspiring protest: The incredible case of the Stack o' Wheat prints", in Russell, Diana E.H.; Radford, Jill (eds.), *Femicide: the politics of woman killing*, New York Toronto: Twayne Publishers, pp. 327–331, ISBN 9780805790283. Pdf.

See also: "*Introduction*" to chapter by Diana E. H. Russell pp. 325-327. "*The evidence of pain*" by D. A. Clarke pp. 331-336. "*The rampage against Penthouse*" by Melissa Farley pp. 339-345.

## InfoBox

| Nikki Craft | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1949 (age 7475) |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupations | * Writer * activist |
| Website | nikkicraft.com |


title: Ōmura Rail Yard Station

abstract: Ōmura Rail Yard Station is a passenger railway station located in the city of Ōmura, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu.

text:
# Ōmura Rail Yard Station

**Ōmura Rail Yard Station** (大村車両基地駅, *Ōmura-Sharyōkichi-eki*) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Ōmura, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu.

## Lines

The station is served by the Ōmura Line and is located 31.1 km from the starting point of the line at Haiki. Besides the local services on the line, the Rapid *Seaside Liner* also stops at the station.

## Station layout

The station consists of one side platform serving a single track. The station building, a modern steel-frame structure with a waiting room has large glass windows. It is unattended..

## History

The station was opened on 23 September 2022 as an additional station on the existing Ōmura Line tracks.

## Surrounding area

* Kumamoto General Vehicle Depot Omura Vehicle Management Office (Omura Vehicle Depot)
* Nagasaki Prefectural School for the Deaf
* Nagasaki Prefectural Niji no Hara Special Needs School
* Omura Municipal Junior High School

Media related to Omura Rail Yard Station at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Ōmura Rail Yard Station
大村車両基地駅 | |
| --- | --- |
| Ōmura Rail Yard Station | |
| General information | |
| Location | 3 Chome Miyashoji, Ōmura-shi, Nagasaki-ken 856-0807
Japan |
| Coordinates | 32°57′18.8″N 129°56′40.3″E / 32.955222°N 129.944528°E / 32.955222; 129.944528 |
| Operated by | JR Kyushu |
| Line(s) | Ōmura Line |
| Distance | 31.1 km from Haiki |
| Platforms | 1 side platform |
| Tracks | 1 |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | At grade |
| Parking | Available |
| Other information | |
| Status | Unstaffed |
| Website | Official website |
| History | |
| Opened | 23 September 2022 (2022-09-23) |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  JR Kyushu Following station  Takematsutowards Isahaya  Ōmura Line**Local**  Matsubaratowards Haiki  Ōmura Line**Seaside Liner**  Sonogitowards Haiki | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location  Ōmura Rail Yard StationLocation within Nagasaki PrefectureŌmura Rail Yard StationŌmura Rail Yard Station (Japan) | |


title: Zalesie, Gmina Wartkowice

abstract: Zalesie is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wartkowice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) west of Wartkowice, 8 km (5 mi) north of Poddębice, and 42 km (26 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

text:
# Zalesie, Gmina Wartkowice

**Zalesie** \[zaˈlɛɕɛ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wartkowice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) west of Wartkowice, 8 km (5 mi) north of Poddębice, and 42 km (26 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

## InfoBox

| Zalesie | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Zalesie | |
| Coordinates: 51°57′59″N 18°56′14″E / 51.96639°N 18.93722°E / 51.96639; 18.93722 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Łódź |
| County | Poddębice |
| Gmina | Wartkowice |


title: Trochidrobia minuta

abstract: Trochidrobia minuta is a species of very small freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Tateidae. This species is endemic to Australia.

text:
# Trochidrobia minuta

***Trochidrobia minuta*** is a species of very small freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Tateidae. This species is endemic to Australia.

## InfoBox

| *Trochidrobia minuta* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Vulnerable  (IUCN 2.3) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Truncatelloidea |
| Family: | Tateidae |
| Genus: | *Trochidrobia* |
| Species: | ***T. minuta*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Trochidrobia minuta***
Ponder, Hershler & Jenkins, 1989 | |
|


title: Skancke

abstract: Skancke is a Norwegian family name with some slightly different spellings as Skanke, Schanke, Schanche and others. It is not proved whether all persons with those names descend from the same family line in the Middle Ages. One famous Skancke family is from the 17th Century situated in the old mining town of Røros in Mid-Norway. Some alleged medieval ancestors of the Skancke families, had coats of arms with one armoured leg in the shield and one armoured leg in the crest. From that fact, some persons have made a theory that the two legs mean a link to the three legs in the arms of the monarchical dynasty of the Isle of Man. Norwegian genealogists and heraldists of today, however, provide little further support to such a theory, and there are many coats of arms with armoured legs that exist in other countries. The name Skanke might mean a leg and the arms thus being canting arms. There are several variants of the arms through the ages: the shield divided, a rose at the knee of the leg, the crest with an armoured arm holding a sword, and the crest with peacock feathers. Several family members belong to Skanke Family Association. The Skancke/Schancke/Schanche etc. families have had - and still have today - many prominent members and descendants in Norway. They have been i.a. famous clergymen, civil servants, business men, sportsmen and politicians.

text:
# Skancke

**Skancke** is a Norwegian family name with some slightly different spellings as Skanke, Schanke, Schanche and others. It is not proved whether all persons with those names descend from the same family line in the Middle Ages. One famous *Skancke* family is from the 17th Century situated in the old mining town of Røros in Mid-Norway.

Some alleged medieval ancestors of the Skancke families, had coats of arms with one armoured leg in the shield and one armoured leg in the crest. From that fact, some persons have made a theory that the two legs mean a link to the three legs in the arms of the monarchical dynasty of the Isle of Man. Norwegian genealogists and heraldists of today, however, provide little further support to such a theory, and there are many coats of arms with armoured legs that exist in other countries. The name Skanke might mean *a leg* and the arms thus being canting arms. There are several variants of the arms through the ages: the shield divided, a rose at the knee of the leg, the crest with an armoured arm holding a sword, and the crest with peacock feathers.

Several family members belong to Skanke Family Association.

The Skancke/Schancke/Schanche etc. families have had - and still have today - many prominent members and descendants in Norway. They have been i.a. famous clergymen, civil servants, business men, sportsmen and politicians.

## Notable people

* Hans Cappelen: *Norske slektsvåpen*, Oslo 1969 (2nd edition Oslo 1976) page 26 and 195 (with further references)
* G.V.C Young O.B.E. *Fra Skanke-slektens historie*, 1986
* *The three legs go to Scandinavia a monograph on the Manx royal family and their Scandinavian descendants*, Peel: Mansk-Svenska Pub.Co.17 North View, 1981


title: Zijan

abstract: Zijan is a village in Bani Hushaysh District of Sanaa Governorate, Yemen. It is located just north of the historic fort of Dhu Marmar.

text:
# Zijan

**Zijan** (Arabic: زجان; *Zijān*) is a village in Bani Hushaysh District of Sanaa Governorate, Yemen. It is located just north of the historic fort of Dhu Marmar.

## History

The 10th-century writer al-Hamdani described Zijan as a source for waters that eventually reached al-Jawf. Zijan is also mentioned in the Kitab al-Simt of Muhammad ibn Hatim al-Yami al-Hamdani in connection with the nearby fortress of al-Fass, on Jabal al-Zalimah.

## InfoBox

| Zijan | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| ZijanLocation in Yemen | |
| Coordinates: 15°32′25″N 44°21′00″E / 15.54019°N 44.350°E / 15.54019; 44.350 | |
| Country | Yemen |
| Governorate | Sanaa |
| District | Bani Hushaysh |
| Elevation | 7,260 ft (2,213 m) |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (Yemen Standard Time) |


title: Testaroli

abstract: Testaroli, sometimes referred to as testarolo, is a type of thin spongy pasta or bread in Italian cuisine that is prepared in circular sheets using water, flour and salt, which is then sliced into diamond or rectangular shapes. A common dish in the Lunigiana region and historical territory of Italy, it is an ancient pasta originating from the Etruscan civilization of Italy. Testaroli has been described as "the earliest recorded pasta". It is also a native dish of the southern Liguria and northern Tuscany regions of Italy. Testaroli is prepared from a batter that is cooked on a hot flat surface, after which it may be consumed. It is traditionally cooked on a testo, a flat terracotta or cast iron cooking surface from which the food's name is derived. It is sometimes cooked further in boiling water and then served. Testaroli is sometimes referred to as a bread, and is sometimes referred to as a crêpe. It may be dressed with pesto sauce or other ingredients such as olive oil, pecorino, Parmesan, and garlic. Falsi testaroli al ragù is a similar dish, prepared using sliced pasta dough and a ragù sauce.

text:
# Testaroli

***Testaroli***, sometimes referred to as ***testarolo***, is a type of thin spongy pasta or bread in Italian cuisine that is prepared in circular sheets using water, flour and salt, which is then sliced into diamond or rectangular shapes. A common dish in the Lunigiana region and historical territory of Italy, it is an ancient pasta originating from the Etruscan civilization of Italy. *Testaroli* has been described as "the earliest recorded pasta". It is also a native dish of the southern Liguria and northern Tuscany regions of Italy.

*Testaroli* is prepared from a batter that is cooked on a hot flat surface, after which it may be consumed. It is traditionally cooked on a *testo*, a flat terracotta or cast iron cooking surface from which the food's name is derived. It is sometimes cooked further in boiling water and then served. *Testaroli* is sometimes referred to as a bread, and is sometimes referred to as a crêpe. It may be dressed with pesto sauce or other ingredients such as olive oil, pecorino, Parmesan, and garlic. *Falsi testaroli al ragù* is a similar dish, prepared using sliced pasta dough and a ragù sauce.

## Etymology

*Testaroli*'s name is based upon the *testo*, a terracotta or cast iron cooking device with a hot, flat surface that *testaroli* is traditionally cooked on.

## History

*Testaroli* is an ancient pasta that originated from the Etruscan civilization, a civilization of ancient Italy. The book *Rustico: Regional Italian Country Cooking* states that *testaroli* is "a direct descendant of the porridges of the Neolithic age that were poured over hot stones to cook". It is a native dish of the southern Liguria and northern Tuscany regions of Italy. According to an article published by *The Wall Street Journal*, it is "the earliest recorded pasta".

In the Italian province of Massa-Carrara, located within the Tuscany region, it was a peasant food consumed as a one-course meal, topped with grated cheese and olive oil. In Massa and Carrara, it was sometimes accompanied with stracchino cheese or charcuterie. *Testaroli* remains a very popular dish in Pontremoli, a small town in the province of Massa-Carrara, where it is served at virtually every restaurant in the town, during both mornings and evenings. *Testaroli* is also a common and specialty dish in the Lunigiana region and historical territory of Italy, which is located between the Liguria and Tuscany regions.

## Overview

### Ingredients and preparation

*Testaroli* is a type of pancake-like pasta prepared using water, wheat flour and salt that is sliced into triangular shapes. Chestnut flour is sometimes used in its preparation. The ingredients are mixed together and prepared as a batter, after which it is cooked, sometimes using a two-stage cooking process. In the typical first stage, and sometimes only stage of cooking, the batter is poured and cooked on a hot, flat surface in the style of a pancake or crêpe. In this process, *testaroli* is traditionally cooked on a *testo*, which may be prepared for use by being heated over hot coals. A skillet is another cooking device that can be used to cook the batter. The pasta is then sliced into triangles, and is sometimes directly served after this cooking process. In the second cooking stage that is sometimes performed, the pasta may be set aside to cool, and then cooked further in boiling water.

*Testaroli* is sometimes referred to as a type of bread that is similar to focaccia, and is also sometimes referred to as a crêpe. The book *The Italian Country Table* refers to *testaroli* as a "near cousin to pasta", and as a "great round pancake-like bread no more than a quarter inch thick". This book also states that when it is baked to a crisp texture, it can be consumed in the style of a bread, whereas when baked less, it may have a spongy and soft texture, like a pasta. Cooking methods vary in different areas of Italy, and some of these methods are traditional in nature.

### Service

*Testaroli* is sometimes served with pesto sauce, which is a common addition to it in the Liguria and Tuscany regions of Italy. Another dressing method includes the addition of olive oil, pecorino, Parmesan, garlic and basil. Significant amounts of sauce may absorb into *testaroli*.

## *Falsi testaroli al ragù*

A very similar dish is *falsi testaroli al ragù*, which is prepared using sliced pasta dough and does not involve the use of a batter or cooking on a *testo*. It is served with a ragù, an Italian meat-based sauce.

1. Dunn, Elizabeth Gunnison (December 13, 2013). "Historical Recipes Are the Next Big Thing". *The Wall Street Journal*. Retrieved March 5, 2016. (subscription required)
2. Negrin, M. (2002). *Rustico: Regional Italian Country Cooking*. Clarkson Potter/Publishers. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-609-60944-6.
3. Kasper, L.R. (1999). *The: Italian Country Table*. Scribner. p. 318. ISBN 978-0-684-81325-7.
4. Pyenson, Luke (July 30, 2013). "Genovese pesto 'pancake'? Perfetto!". *The Boston Globe*. Retrieved March 5, 2016. (subscription required)
5. White, A.; Varney, J. (2012). *Philadelphia Chef's Table: Extraordinary Recipes from the City of Brotherly Love*. Chef's Table. Lyons Press. p. 94. ISBN 978-0-7627-8944-3.
6. May, T. (2005). *Italian Cuisine: The New Essential Reference to the Riches of the Italian Table*. St. Martin's Press. p. 152. ISBN 978-0-312-30280-1.
7. *Viaggio in Toscana. Alla scoperta dei prodotti tipici. Ediz. inglese*. Progetti educativi. Giunti Editore. 2001. p. 41. ISBN 978-88-09-02453-3.
8. *Swiss Review of World Affairs*. 1986. p. 18. (subscription required)
9. Johns, P.S.; Wyner, A. (2011). *Cucina Povera: Tuscan Peasant Cooking*. Andrews McMeel Publishing. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-4494-0238-9.
10. Touring Club of Italy (2005). *Authentic Tuscany*. Authentic Italy Series. Touring Club of Italy. p. 122. ISBN 978-88-365-3297-1.
11. *Tuscany & Umbria: The Rough Guide*. Music rough guide. Rough Guides. 2009. p. 259. (subscription required)
12. Loaldi, P. (2011). *Pasta fatta in casa*. Fatti in casa (in Italian). Gribaudo. p. 118. ISBN 978-88-580-0285-8.
13. *Fodor's Italy 2016*. Full-color Travel Guide. Fodor's Travel Publications. 2015. p. pt899. ISBN 978-1-101-87899-6.
14. Marcus, J.S. (July 29, 2014). "In Search of Perfect Pesto". *The Wall Street Journal*. Retrieved March 5, 2016. (subscription required)
15. Bugialli, G.; Dominis, J. (1992). *Giuliano Bugialli's Foods of Tuscany*. Stewart, Tabori & Chang. pp. 120–121. ISBN 9781556702006. (subscription required)
16. Honore, C. (2009). *In Praise of Slow*. Knopf Canada. pp. 78–79. ISBN 978-0-307-37351-9.
17. Kummer, C.; Schlosser, E.; Petrini, C. (2013). *The Pleasures of Slow Food: Celebrating Authentic Traditions, Flavors, and Recipes*. Chronicle Books. p. 15. ISBN 978-1-4521-3380-5.
18. Keahey, J. (2014). *Hidden Tuscany: Discovering Art, Culture, and Memories in a Well-Known Region's Unknown Places*. St. Martin's Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-250-02431-2.
19. Fraioli, J.; Curti, J.O.F.L. (2009). *Food Festivals of Italy: Celebrated Recipes from 50 Food Fairs*. Gibbs Smith, Publisher. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-4236-0967-4.

## Bibliography

## InfoBox

*Testaroli*
| A plate of *testaroli* with pesto, as served at a trattoria in Pontremoli, Tuscany, Italy | |
| --- | --- |
| Type | Pasta |
| Place of origin |  |
| Serving temperature | Hot |
| Main ingredients | Flour, water |
| Ingredients generally used | Salt |
| Variations | *Falsi testaroli al ragù* |
| Other information | May be served with pesto sauce, olive oil, pecorino, Parmesan or garlic |
|  | |


title: Valentín Loren

abstract: Valentín Loren is a Spanish boxer. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. At the 1964 Summer Olympics, he lost to Hsu Hung-cheng of Taiwan by disqualification in the Round of 32.

text:
# Valentín Loren

**Valentín Loren** (born 26 August 1946) is a Spanish boxer. He competed in the men's featherweight event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. At the 1964 Summer Olympics, he lost to Hsu Hung-cheng of Taiwan by disqualification in the Round of 32.

## InfoBox

Valentín Loren
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Nationality | Spanish |
| Born | (1946-08-26) 26 August 1946 |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Boxing |


title: Moscow City Duma District 35

abstract: Moscow City Duma District 35 is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers inner parts of South-Western Moscow. The district has been represented since 2024 by United Russia deputy Anatoly Petrukovich, a Russian Space Research Institute director, who flipped an open seat left by one-term Yabloko incumbent Vladimir Ryzhkov as Ryzhkov resigned in January 2024.

text:
# Moscow City Duma District 35

**Moscow City Duma District 35** is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers inner parts of South-Western Moscow.

The district has been represented since 2024 by United Russia deputy Anatoly Petrukovich, a Russian Space Research Institute director, who flipped an open seat left by one-term Yabloko incumbent Vladimir Ryzhkov as Ryzhkov resigned in January 2024.

## Boundaries

**1993–1997**: Zelenograd
The district covered the entirety of Zelenograd. With just over 132 thousand voters it was the smallest constituency in Moscow, deviating from the average district by 32.9% in population.

**1997–2001**: Kryukovo, Mitino, Raion 1, Raion 2, Raion 3, Raion 4, TEOS Zelenogradskaya
The district continued to cover the entirety of Zelenograd and gained Mitino from District 34.

**2001–2005**: Kryukovo, parts of Mitino, Raion 1, Raion 2, Raion 3, Raion 4, TEOS Zelenogradskaya
The district continued to cover the entirety of Zelenograd but ceded eastern half of Mitino back to District 34.

**2005–2014**: constituency abolished
Prior to the 2005 election the number of constituencies was reduced to 15, so the district was eliminated.

**2014–2024**: Konkovo, Tyoply Stan
The district was created prior to the 2014 election, after Moscow City Duma had been expanded from 35 to 45 seats. It covers parts of South-Western Moscow.

**2024–present**: Akademichesky, Gagarinsky, Kotlovka, Lomonosovsky
During the 2023–24 Moscow redistricting the territory of the old district became District 33. In its new configuration the district is a clear successor to former District 37, also gaining Kotlovka from District 36.

## Members elected

| Election | | Member | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 1993 | Aleksandr Gromyko | Party of Russian Unity and Accord |
|  | 1997 | Zinaida Dragunkina | Independent |
|  | 2001 | | |
|  | 2005 | *Constituency eliminated* | |
|  | 2009 | |
|  | 2014 | Renat Layshev | Independent |
|  | 2019 | Natalia Metlina | Independent |
|  | 2024 | Anatoly Petrukovich | United Russia |

## Election results

### 2001

Summary of the 16 December 2001 Moscow City Duma election in District 35
| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Zinaida Dragunkina (incumbent)** | Independent | **24,152** | **37.63%** |
|  | Fyodor Zheleznov | Independent | 17,293 | 26.94% |
|  | Aleksey Nemeryuk | Independent | 9,550 | 14.88% |
|  | against all | | 11,063 | 17.24% |
|  | | | | |
| Total | | | 64,594 | 100% |
|  | | | | |
| Source: | | | |  |

### 2014

Summary of the 14 September 2014 Moscow City Duma election in District 35
| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Renat Layshev** | Independent | **13,771** | **36.89%** |
|  | Sergey Vasilyev | A Just Russia | 8,579 | 22.98% |
|  | Olga Anokhina | Communist Party | 6,393 | 17.93% |
|  | Valery Borshchyov | Yabloko | 5,420 | 14.52% |
|  | Arseny Ustinov | Independent | 1,126 | 3.02% |
|  | Sergey Parashchenko | Liberal Democratic Party | 869 | 2.33% |
|  | | | | |
| Total | | | 37,326 | 100% |
|  | | | | |
| Source: | | | |  |

### 2019

Summary of the 8 September 2019 Moscow City Duma election in District 35
| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Natalia Metlina** | Independent | **13,285** | **35.03%** |
|  | Sergey Vasilyev | A Just Russia | 10,754 | 28.36% |
|  | Dmitry Agranovsky | Communist Party | 4,485 | 11.83% |
|  | Vladimir Ryazanov | Communists of Russia | 3,021 | 7.97% |
|  | Sergey Malakhov | Independent | 2,866 | 7.56% |
|  | Mikhail Monakhov | Liberal Democratic Party | 2,204 | 5.81% |
|  | | | | |
| Total | | | 37,922 | 100% |
|  | | | | |
| Source: | | | |  |

### 2024

Summary of the 6–8 September 2024 Moscow City Duma election in District 35
| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Anatoly Petrukovich** | United Russia | **30,650** | **44.97%** |
|  | Aleksandr Kondratenko | Communist Party | 10,586 | 15.53% |
|  | Olga Sabirova | New People | 10,063 | 14.77% |
|  | Maksim Chirkov | A Just Russia – For Truth | 8,017 | 11.76% |
|  | Gleb Trubin | Liberal Democratic Party | 5,299 | 7.78% |
|  | Sergey Antonov | Communists of Russia | 3,468 | 5.09% |
|  | | | | |
| Total | | | 68,151 | 100% |
|  | | | | |
| Source: | | | |  |

1. "Результаты выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 2024". *moscow-city.vybory.izbirkom.ru*. Retrieved 2024-09-16.
2. "Закон города Москвы от 30 апреля 2014 года №22 "О схеме одномандатных избирательных округов по выборам депутатов Московской городской Думы"". *docs.cntd.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
3. "Закон города Москвы от 27 декабря 2023 года №39 "О схеме одномандатных избирательных округов по выборам депутатов Московской городской Думы"". *docs.cntd.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
4. "Результаты выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 2001". *panorama.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
5. "Результаты выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 2014". *moscow-city.vybory.izbirkom.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
6. "Результаты выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 2019". *moscow-city.vybory.izbirkom.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-13.

## InfoBox

Moscow City Duma District 35
| **Moscow City Duma**
**constituency** | |
| --- | --- |
| Deputy | Anatoly Petrukovich
United Russia |
| Administrative Okrug | South-Western |
| Districts | Akademichesky, Gagarinsky, Kotlovka, Lomonosovsky |
| Voters | 187,983 (2024) |


title: Nicolae Dabija (soldier)

abstract: Major Nicolae Dabija, knight of Order of Michael the Brave, was an officer of the Romanian Royal Army and a member of the anticommunist armed resistance in Romania. He was the leader of the "National Defense Front–The Haiduc Corps" resistance group in the Apuseni Mountains.

text:
# Nicolae Dabija (soldier)

Major **Nicolae Dabija** (born April 13 or 18, 1907; died October 28, 1949), knight of Order of Michael the Brave, was an officer of the Romanian Royal Army and a member of the anticommunist armed resistance in Romania. He was the leader of the "National Defense Front–The Haiduc Corps" resistance group in the Apuseni Mountains.

## Early life

Nicolae Dabija was born in April 1907 in Galați, in the historical region of Moldavia, eastern Romania. (Some sources claim he was a cousin of Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej.) His father, a carpenter, died when he was 9 years old, and he was raised in poverty. After starting his studies at Vasile Alecsandri High School, he dropped out at age 15 and became employed at a local bank. In 1926 he voluntarily enlisted into the Romanian Army, at the 13th Dorobanți Regiment in Iași. Encouraged by his superiors, he enrolled in the local Military High School for a year, after which he went to the Military School for Infantry Officers in Sibiu, graduating in 1929.

## Service in World War II

In May 1941 he was awarded the Order of the Crown, Knight rank. Soon after, on June 22, Romania joined Operation Barbarossa in order to reclaim the lost territories of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, which had been annexed by the Soviet Union in June 1940. Dabija served as an officer in the Romanian Land Forces, participating in the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union. On October 15, 1941, Captain Dabija was sent to the Eastern Front in command of the 5th Company/38th Infantry Regiment from the 10th Infantry Division. In February 1942 he took part in the Battle of the Kerch Peninsula, where his company helped stop a Soviet landing at Ossereyka; for his actions in this battle he was awarded the Order of Michael the Brave, 3rd class with spades, and the German Cross in Gold. He further distinguished himself at the Battle of the Caucasus and during the Crimean offensive in 1943–44. Promoted to Major, he was wounded twice, and finally evacuated back to Romania. In October 1944 he was awarded the Order of the Star of Romania, Officer rank for feats of arms on the battlefield.

## The National Defense Front

At the end of the war, in June 1945, Dabija was awarded by royal decree for a second time the Order of Michael the Brave, 3rd class. In July 1946 he retired from the army. In view of the royal awards he had earned, Dabija was given 5 hectares (12 acres) of land near Aradul Nou, where he settled together with his wife. According to historian Dorin Dobrincu, he went into hiding, fearing arrest as the Soviets occupying Romania deemed him a war criminal for his participation in the war against the Soviet Union. Liviu Pleșa, however, notes that his decision to join the anti-communist movement was prompted by the arrest of his brother (who was incarcerated at Jilava Prison) and his denunciation by local communists after a dispute over statements he had made in opposition to the regime.

In February 1948, Dabija met the brothers Traian, Alexandru, Viorel, and Nicolae Macavei, the nephews of Ștefan Cicio Pop. The Macaveis were wanted for gold smuggling, having killed two gendarmes and wounded four others. Together with them, he formed and armed group called the "National Defense Front", sometimes also known as the "Haiduc Corps". He issued a proclamation against the “Jewish–Communist clique”, calling for freedom, independence, and respect for human rights. Convinced that a new world war would soon break out between the Americans and the Soviets (*Vin americanii!*), Dabija reached out in May 1948 to the United States authorities through several intermediaries, offering help with military actions to liberate Romania, only to be rebuffed. He developed a plan aiming at an armed insurrection in 1949, when the US–Soviet war was expected to begin. The goal was to occupy government institutions, armament and ammunition depots, as well as strategic points, such as the defiles of the rivers Mureș, Someș, Olt, Prahova, and Dorna. Dabija's group created and spread anticommunist fliers and set up an information network in Bucharest.

The National Defense Front started recruiting sympathizers in the Apuseni Mountains, in the Roșia MontanăZlatna gold-mining area. The organization operated on the eastern flank of the Apuseni Mountains, around Muntele Mare (the "Great Mountain"), near Bistra and Câmpeni. In the fall of 1948, a resistance group settled on the mountain, where they built a fortified shelter (a "casemate"); supporting groups were set up, with a network of sympathizers providing information about the authorities’ actions. On December 22, 1948, resistants from this group, armed with a rifle and handguns, robbed the Tax Office in Teiuș of some 300,000 leis, from which they later procured more arms and a typewriter.

## Arrest and execution

The Romanian authorities learned about the location of Dabija after arresting a partisan fighter, Traian Ihuț, who revealed the location of his group on Muntele Mare and their strength. Immediately after, on March 4, 1949, a detachment of 80 Securitate troops from Cluj led by Colonel Mihai Patriciu charged the peak where the fighters were located, with a gunfight and later hand-to-hand combat occurring. Eleven anticommunist fighters were killed, but Dabija and two others managed to escape; the Securitate forces suffered three deaths and three others wounded. His wife, Flavia, was reportedly killed during the firefight. By some accounts, this was the biggest battle between an anti-communist resistance group and the Securitate.

Dabija was arrested on March 22, 1949 in Gârde, after a local villager, whose barn he was sleeping in, notified the communist authorities of his presence. All partisans and their aides were captured. They were subject to interrogation in Turda, Bucharest, and Sibiu. Later they were tried and convicted through sentence no. 816 of October 4, 1949 of the Military Tribunal of Sibiu. In the early hours October 28, 1949, seven members of the group (Titus Onea, Ioan Scridon, Gheorghe Oprița, Traian Mihălțan, Augustin Rațiu, Silvestru Bolfea, and Nicolae Dabija) were executed at the Reformed cemetery in Sibiu by firing squad. Just before being shot, Dabija exclaimed, "Long Live Romania!" The bodies of the executed were thrown in a common grave in Dumbrava Sibiului. The execution was supervised by the director of the Sibiu branch of the Securitate, lieutenant colonel Gheorghe Crăciun; he sent a report the next day to colonel Mișu Dulgheru, the head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs's penal investigation unit.

In 2004, the remains of Dabija and the 6 other executed partisans were identified and properly re-buried at the Sibiu Municipal Cemetery, and a monument dedicated to the "Anti-communist fighters – Major Nicolae Dabija group" was erected on the spot. In 2010, a team of investigators from the Institute for the Investigation of Communist Crimes in Romania led by Marius Oprea found the casemate built by Dabija's partisans on Muntele Mare, as well as the remains of 5 of the fighters killed by the Securitate troops who stormed their compound in 1949.

## InfoBox

| Nicolae Dabija | |
| --- | --- |
| Nicolae Dabija, around 1930 | |
| Born | (1907-04-13)13 April 1907
Galați, Kingdom of Romania |
| Died | 28 October 1949(1949-10-28) (aged 42)
Sibiu, Romanian People's Republic |
| Buried | Sibiu Municipal Cemetery, Romania |
| Allegiance | Kingdom of Romania |
| Service/branch | Army |
| Years of service | 1926–1946 |
| Rank | 2nd Lieutenant (1929)
1st Lieutenant
Captain (1941)
Major (1943) |
| Battles/wars |  |
| Awards | Order of the Crown, Knight rank
Order of the Star of Romania, Officer rank
Order of Michael the Brave, 3rd class
German Cross, in Gold |
| Alma mater | Military School for Infantry Officers in Sibiu |
| Other work | Leader of the *National Defense Front* resistance group (1948–1949) |


title: Net settlement

abstract: A net settlement is a payment system used for inter-bank transactions. It is the process by which banks calculate the collective total of all transactions through designated times each day. In an inter-bank payment system using net settlement, debits and credits are recorded and only the difference between the debits and the credits is actually paid between the parties. In most payment systems this netting will take place on the clearing house books between the designated settlement times with final settlement of the net positions occurring when funds are debited or credited on its reserve account at a central bank. For example, if two parties are exchanging transactions bilaterally in a net settlement scheme, and A pays B $200 and B pays A $150, the net obligation to be settled is $50 from A to B. The rest is effectively 'cancelled out'. Multilateral net settlement occurs when there are three or more parties involved. In this example, A pays B $200, B pays C $150, and C pays A $175. The net obligations in the multilateral model are for A and C to each pay $25 into the settlement 'pot', and for B to receive $50. Net settlement is used because it reduces the amount of money that has to be held in the settlement medium compared to gross settlement, which requires immediate payment of each individual transaction. It also reduces inter-bank risks. Net settlement is a multilateral transaction, usually with the central bank for the currency being used. All transactions included in a multilateral net settlement cycle are settled in one movement of funds representing the overall net position. Examples of net settlement systems are CHIPS in the US, BACS in the UK and BOJ-NET in Japan. Net settlement can introduce its own particular risks. If the application of transactions to the netting is not legally binding, in the event of the insolvency of a participant, the other participants may end up legally owing their gross obligations to the failed participant, and not be due any settlement from the failed participant in return. Furthermore, if one of the participants in a net settlement system is unable to settle its obligations at the end of the settlement cycle, it prevents the settlement from completing for all parties: this may require unwinding all the transactions that have been placed into that settlement cycle. A special form of net settlement is used in the settlement of securities obligations, known as delivery versus payment.

text:
# Net settlement

A **net settlement** is a payment system used for inter-bank transactions. It is the process by which banks calculate the collective total of all transactions through designated times each day.

In an inter-bank payment system using net settlement, debits and credits are recorded and only the difference between the debits and the credits (the net position) is actually paid between the parties. In most payment systems this netting will take place on the clearing house books between the designated settlement times with final settlement of the net positions occurring when funds are debited or credited on its reserve account at a central bank.

For example, if two parties (A and B) are exchanging transactions bilaterally in a net settlement scheme, and A pays B $200 and B pays A $150, the net obligation to be settled is $50 from A to B. The rest is effectively 'cancelled out'.

Multilateral net settlement occurs when there are three or more parties involved. In this example, A pays B $200, B pays C $150, and C pays A $175. The net obligations in the multilateral model are for A and C to each pay $25 into the settlement 'pot', and for B to receive $50.

Net settlement is used because it reduces the amount of money that has to be held in the settlement medium compared to gross settlement, which requires immediate payment of each individual transaction. It also reduces inter-bank risks. Net settlement is a multilateral transaction, usually with the central bank for the currency being used. All transactions included in a multilateral net settlement cycle are settled in one movement of funds representing the overall net position. Examples of net settlement systems are CHIPS in the US, BACS in the UK and BOJ-NET (until 2000) in Japan.

Net settlement can introduce its own particular risks. If the application of transactions to the netting is not legally binding, in the event of the insolvency of a participant, the other participants may end up legally owing their gross obligations to the failed participant, and not be due any settlement from the failed participant in return. Furthermore, if one of the participants in a net settlement system is unable to settle its obligations at the end of the settlement cycle, it prevents the settlement from completing for all parties: this may require unwinding all the transactions that have been placed into that settlement cycle.

A special form of net settlement is used in the settlement of securities obligations, known as delivery versus payment.

## Bibliography


title: Yury Rogozov

abstract: Yury Rogozov is a Russian rower who represented the Soviet Union. He competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki with the men's coxless four where they were eliminated in the semi-final repêchage.

text:
# Yury Rogozov

**Yury Rogozov** (Russian: Юрий Рогозов; born 8 September 1930) is a Russian rower who represented the Soviet Union. He competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki with the men's coxless four where they were eliminated in the semi-final repêchage.

## InfoBox

Yury Rogozov
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1930-09-08)8 September 1930 |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Rowing |
| Medal record      Men's rowing  Representing the  Soviet Union  European Rowing Championships  1957 Duisburg  Eight  1958 Poznań  Eight | |


title: Ludwig Schmitt (footballer)

abstract: Ludwig Schmitt was a German footballer. He played club football with Eintracht Frankfurt.

text:
# Ludwig Schmitt (footballer)

**Ludwig Schmitt** (28 October 1910 – after 1941) was a German footballer. He played club football with Eintracht Frankfurt.

## Career

The trained fitter Ludwig Schmitt played for Frankfurt club BSC Oberrad until 1930 when he was signed for Eintracht Frankfurt playing there until 1938. He won with Eintracht Bezirksliga Main-Hessen in 1930 which advanced the Frankfurt club to the Southern German Championship where the *Eagles* finished as runners-up to SpVgg Fürth. Thus, Eintracht advanced further to the 1931 German championship play-offs and were terminated in the quarter-finals.

Despite being talented Schmitt remained an understudy to Willibald Kreß of Rot-Weiss Frankfurt and Jahn Regensburg's Hans Jakob in both the South German selection and the Germany national team. However, in 1931 he was called up to an international match in Denmark as a back-up.

In the next two seasons Schmitt's Eintracht won another two Bezirksliga Main-Hessen league titles and in 1931-32 even won the Southern German Championship when after a heated up decider match against Bayern Munich that was abandoned after 83 minutes. After both teams advanced through the German championship play-offs Bayern won the final match to be crowned German champions.

After the 1933-34 he lost his regular spot at the Riederwald club and later was an on and off regular fixture as a goalkeeper.

In his last Eintracht season he won the Gauliga Südwest/Mainhessen without making any appearances.

Schmitt died in Soviet war captivity.

## Honours

## Sources

## InfoBox

Ludwig Schmitt
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1910-10-28)28 October 1910 | | |
| Place of birth | Frankfurt, German Empire | | |
| Date of death | After 1941 | | |
| Place of death | Soviet Union | | |
| Position(s) | Goalkeeper | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| –1930 | BSC Oberrad |  |  |
| 1930–1938 | Eintracht Frankfurt |  |  |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


abstract: The men's large hill individual ski jumping competition for the 1976 Winter Olympics was held in Bergiselschanze. It occurred on 15 February.

text:
# Ski jumping at the 1976 Winter Olympics – Large hill individual

The **men's large hill individual** ski jumping competition for the 1976 Winter Olympics was held in Bergiselschanze. It occurred on 15 February.

## Results

| Rank | Athlete | Country | Jump 1 | Jump 2 | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Karl Schnabl | Austria | 117.5 | 117.3 | 234.8 |
|  | Toni Innauer | Austria | 126.5 | 106.4 | 232.9 |
|  | Henry Glaß | East Germany | 104.4 | 117.3 | 221.7 |
| 4 | Jochen Danneberg | East Germany | 118.8 | 102.8 | 221.6 |
| 5 | Reinhold Bachler | Austria | 111.5 | 105.9 | 217.4 |
| 6 | Hans Wallner | Austria | 109.4 | 107.5 | 216.9 |
| 7 | Bernd Eckstein | East Germany | 109.6 | 106.6 | 216.2 |
| 8 | Hans-Georg Aschenbach | East Germany | 109.5 | 102.6 | 212.1 |
| 9 | Walter Steiner | Switzerland | 99.8 | 108.7 | 208.5 |
| 10 | Jouko Törmänen | Finland | 105.4 | 99.5 | 204.9 |
| 11 | Sergey Saychik | Soviet Union | 101.5 | 98.5 | 200.0 |
| 12 | Esko Rautionaho | Finland | 103.5 | 94.3 | 197.8 |
| 13 | Johan Sætre | Norway | 99.2 | 96.0 | 195.2 |
| 14 | Jaroslav Balcar | Czechoslovakia | 98.7 | 95.9 | 194.6 |
| 15 | Aleksandr Karapuzov | Soviet Union | 104.9 | 88.6 | 193.5 |
| 16 | Alfred Grosche | West Germany | 100.3 | 92.8 | 193.1 |
| 17 | Yukio Kasaya | Japan | 95.9 | 96.4 | 192.3 |
| 18 | Jim Denney | United States | 99.1 | 92.0 | 191.1 |
| 19 | Aleksey Borovitin | Soviet Union | 95.5 | 92.0 | 187.5 |
| 20 | Hans Schmid | Switzerland | 95.6 | 90.7 | 186.3 |
| 21 | Rauno Miettinen | Finland | 96.2 | 89.2 | 185.4 |
| 22 | Takao Ito | Japan | 95.5 | 87.7 | 183.2 |
| 23 | Ernst von Grünigen | Switzerland | 93.3 | 89.1 | 182.4 |
| 24 | Yury Kalinin | Soviet Union | 94.0 | 87.5 | 181.5 |
| 25 | Odd Brandsegg | Sweden | 96.9 | 84.5 | 181.4 |
| 26 | Per Bergerud | Norway | 89.6 | 90.1 | 179.7 |
| 27 | Jindřich Balcar | Czechoslovakia | 94.7 | 83.4 | 178.1 |
| 28 | Bogdan Norčič | Yugoslavia | 90.5 | 87.5 | 178.0 |
| 29 | Minoru Wakasa | Japan | 90.4 | 87.1 | 177.5 |
| 30 | Terry Kern | United States | 89.7 | 86.5 | 176.2 |
| 31 | Karel Kodejška | Czechoslovakia | 95.2 | 80.6 | 175.8 |
| 32 | Jerry Martin | United States | 94.0 | 81.7 | 175.7 |
| 33 | Hiroshi Itagaki | Japan | 95.4 | 79.8 | 175.2 |
| 34 | Rudolf Höhnl | Czechoslovakia | 92.7 | 82.4 | 175.1 |
| 35 | Finn Halvorsen | Norway | 90.0 | 83.2 | 173.2 |
| 36 | Jim Maki | United States | 89.0 | 82.4 | 171.4 |
| 37 | Stanisław Bobak | Poland | 81.4 | 86.6 | 168.0 |
| 38 | Robert Mösching | Switzerland | 87.6 | 80.1 | 167.7 |
| 39 | Janusz Waluś | Poland | 84.1 | 83.4 | 167.5 |
| 40 | Marek Pach | Poland | 88.5 | 76.2 | 164.7 |
| 41 | Harri Blumén | Finland | 84.4 | 76.3 | 160.7 |
| 42 | Branko Dolhar | Yugoslavia | 85.2 | 75.0 | 160.2 |
| 43 | Janez Demšar | Yugoslavia | 86.7 | 71.1 | 157.8 |
| 44 | Francesco Giacomelli | Italy | 83.4 | 74.2 | 157.6 |
| 45 | Peter Wilson | Canada | 79.4 | 75.3 | 154.7 |
| 46 | Richard Grady | Canada | 80.4 | 72.9 | 153.3 |
| 47 | Lido Tomasi | Italy | 80.8 | 71.3 | 152.1 |
| 48 | Donald Grady | Canada | 78.1 | 71.4 | 149.5 |
| 49 | Leo De Crignis | Italy | 71.4 | 71.9 | 143.3 |
| 50 | Odd Hammernes | Norway | 78.4 | 63.9 | 142.3 |
| 51 | Marcello Bazzana | Italy | 72.1 | 65.9 | 138.0 |
| 52 | Tadeusz Pawlusiak | Poland | 74.0 | 56.8 | 130.8 |
| 53 | Kim Fripp | Canada | 68.6 | 57.3 | 125.9 |
| 54 | Ivo Zupan | Yugoslavia | 52.2 | 67.2 | 119.4 |

## InfoBox

| Men's large hill individual
at the XII Olympic Winter Games | |
| --- | --- |
| Pictogram for ski jumping | |
| Venue | Bergiselschanze |
| Dates | February 15 |
| Competitors | 54 from 15 nations |
| Winning score | 234.8 |
| Medalists | |
| Karl Schnabl
Austria  Toni Innauer
Austria  Henry Glaß
East Germany | |
|


title: Zijad Švrakić

abstract:
Zijad Švrakić, also known as Ziya Yıldız after acquiring Turkish citizenship is a retired Bosnian professional footballer and manager. As a member of the Sarajevo squad that won the Yugoslav First League in 1985, he was best known for his speed and dribbling ability.
After leaving his homeland he spent seven years playing professionally in Turkey, where he represented Adana Demirspor, Galatasaray, Ankaragücü and Karşıyaka. He concluded his playing career with Maltese Premier League football club Rabat Ajax. He represented Yugoslavia and Bosnia and Herzegovina internationally.

text:
# Zijad Švrakić

**Zijad Švrakić** (born 21 September 1960), also known as **Ziya Yıldız** after acquiring Turkish citizenship is a retired Bosnian professional footballer and manager. As a member of the Sarajevo squad that won the Yugoslav First League in 1985, he was best known for his speed and dribbling ability. After leaving his homeland he spent seven years playing professionally in Turkey, where he represented Adana Demirspor, Galatasaray, Ankaragücü and Karşıyaka. He concluded his playing career with Maltese Premier League football club Rabat Ajax.

He represented Yugoslavia and Bosnia and Herzegovina internationally.

## Playing career

A Sarajevo native, Švrakić came through the youth set up of FK Sarajevo before signing his first professional contract in 1979, eventually inheriting the number 7 jersey previously worn by club legend Safet Sušić.

In his first season, he took part in the club's runners-up league finish, even though he did not get much playing time, being overlooked by the coaching staff that preferred fielding more experienced footballers. With the departure of a vast array of players after the 1982-1983 season the club management decided to build a new team made up of youngsters that came up through the club's youth department. Švrakić's skill helped the young team eventually win the Yugoslav First League in 1985, becoming the second FK Sarajevo outfit to do so.

In 1987, he joined Turkish Süper Lig side Adana Demirspor whom he represented in the next two seasons, helping the team avoid relegation by scoring 42 goals in 86 matches. In the summer of 1989 he was acquired by Turkish powerhouse Galatasaray for a then-record 800,000 DEM, eventually going on to play for Ankaragücü and Karşıyaka, captaining the latter and thus becoming only the second foreign-born captain in Turkish Süper Lig history.

Švrakić spent two more seasons in the Maltese Premier League with Rabat Ajax before retiring in 1996 at the age of 36.

## International career

He earned his first cap for Yugoslavia in 1983, coming on as a 70th-minute substitute in a friendly tie against West Germany, managing to find the back of the net on his debut. After being included in the Yugoslav Olympic national team roster for the 1984 Summer Olympics he had to withdraw after suffering a horrendous knee injury during a tour in Libya with FK Sarajevo. Between 1992 and 1994, during the Bosnian war, he represented Bosnia and Herzegovina internationally, even though the Bosnian FA was not officially recognized for most of his international tenure, and the team only contested humanitarian matches with the aim of garnering support and aid for the newly independent state.

## Managerial career

Švrakić began his managerial career as interim player-manager at Rabat Ajax in 1994, eventually taking over the team and managing it for a further seven seasons. In The summer of 2001 Švrakić was appointed manager of Floriana whom he led for the next two seasons, after which he moved back to his native Bosnia and Herzegovina and lead the FK Sarajevo youth academy.

In 2006, he was appointed manager of Kuwaiti club Al Jahra with whom he gained promotion to the top tier and reached the final of the Kuwait Crown Cup, eventually taking home the silver medal. In 2010, he was approached by Al Salmiya, and would go on to manage the team for a season. In 2012, he was appointed manager of Omantel Professional League team Al-Seeb which he kept in the top tier. In the summer of 2014 Švrakić was appointed manager of Omantel Professional League side Sur SC and led the side to a runners-up finish in his first season at the club. On 29 August 2016 Švrakić was named assistant manager of FK Sarajevo.

As of 2022 Švrakić has been a visiting volunteer advisor to BG Elite FC, a premium youth academy established by Bosnian immigrants in Bowling Green, Kentucky. Furthermore, Švrakić has been an advisory member of Denver-based *US Soccer Education* since 2021.

## Honours

### Player

**Sarajevo**

**Ankaragücü**

**Karşıyaka**

**Individual**

## InfoBox

Zijad Švrakić (Ziya Yıldız)
| Švrakić (right) in 2014 | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Personal information | | | |
| Full name | Zijad Švrakić | | |
| Date of birth | (1960-09-21) 21 September 1960 | | |
| Place of birth | Sarajevo, SFR Yugoslavia | | |
| Height | 1.76 m (5 ft 9 in) | | |
| Position(s) | Winger, forward | | |
| Youth career | | | |
| 1970–1979 | Sarajevo | | |
| Senior career\* | | | |
| Years | **Team** | **Apps** | **(Gls)** |
| 1979–1987 | Sarajevo | 164 | (36) |
| 1987–1989 | Adana Demirspor | 86 | (42) |
| 1989–1990 | Galatasaray | 22 | (2) |
| 1990–1991 | Ankaragücü | 66 | (26) |
| 1991–1994 | Karşıyaka | 120 | (37) |
| 1994–1996 | Rabat Ajax | 73 | (36) |
| Total |  | **531** | **(179)** |
| International career | | | |
| 1979 | Yugoslavia U21 | 4 | (3) |
| 1983-1984 | Yugoslavia Olympic | 2 | (0) |
| 1983 | Yugoslavia | 1 | (0) |
| 1993 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1 | (1) |
| Managerial career | | | |
| 1994–1996 | Rabat Ajax (interim player-manager) | | |
| 1996–2001 | Rabat Ajax | | |
| 2001–2004 | Floriana | | |
| 2004–2006 | Sarajevo (youth coordinator) | | |
| 2006–2010 | Al Jahra | | |
| 2010–2011 | Al Salmiya | | |
| 2012–2013 | Al-Seeb | | |
| 2014–2015 | Sur SC | | |
| 2016–2017 | FK Sarajevo (assistant) | | |
| 2022- | BG Elite FC (advisor) | | |
| \*Club domestic league appearances and goals | | | |


title: Valentin Zoungrana

abstract: Valentin Zoungrana is a Burkinabe professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for AS SONABEL and the Burkina Faso national football team.

text:
# Valentin Zoungrana

**Valentin Zoungrana** is a Burkinabe professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for AS SONABEL and the Burkina Faso national football team.

## International career

In January 2014, coach Brama Traore, invited him to be a part of the Burkina Faso squad for the 2014 African Nations Championship. The team was eliminated in the group stages after losing to Uganda and Zimbabwe and then drawing with Morocco.

## InfoBox

Valentin Zoungrana
| Personal information | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date of birth | (1992-10-30) 30 October 1992 | | |
| Place of birth | Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo | | |
| Position(s) | Midfielder | | |
| Team information | | | |
| Current team | AS SONABEL | | |


title: Moscow City Duma District 29

abstract: Moscow City Duma District 29 is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers outer parts of Southern Moscow. The district has been represented since 2024 by United Russia deputy Aleksey Kuchmin, a construction materials businessman and municipal deputy, who defeated one-term Communist incumbent Lyubov Nikitina from District 31.

text:
# Moscow City Duma District 29

**Moscow City Duma District 29** is one of 45 constituencies in Moscow City Duma. Currently the district covers outer parts of Southern Moscow.

The district has been represented since 2024 by United Russia deputy Aleksey Kuchmin, a construction materials businessman and municipal deputy, who defeated one-term Communist incumbent Lyubov Nikitina from District 31.

## Boundaries

**1993–2005**: Novo-Peredelkino, Solntsevo, Troparyovo-Nikulino, Vnukovo
The district covered parts of Western Moscow, including Novo-Peredelkino and Solntsevo outside the Moscow Ring Road as well as Vnukovo Settlement exclave.

**2005–2014**: constituency abolished
Prior to the 2005 election the number of constituencies was reduced to 15, so the district was eliminated.

**2014–2024**: Biryulyovo Vostochnoye, Biryulyovo Zapadnoye, parts of Tsaritsyno
The district was created prior to the 2014 election, after Moscow City Duma had been expanded from 35 to 45 seats. It covers outer parts of Southern Moscow in Biryulyovo and parts of Tsaritsyno.

**2024–present**: Chertanovo Severnoye, Chertanovo Tsentralnoye, part of Chertanovo Yuzhnoye
During the 2023–24 Moscow redistricting the territory of the district became the base for District 28, except for part of Tsaritsyno which was moved to District 27. In its new configuration the district covers most of former District 30 (except for a northeastern corner of Chertanovo Yuzhnoye), as well as Chertanovo Severnoye from the dismantled District 31.

## Members elected

| Election | | Member | Party |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 1993 | Vladimir Platonov | Choice of Russia |
|  | 1997 | | Independent |
|  | 2001 | | Union of Right Forces |
|  | 2005 | *Constituency eliminated* | |
|  | 2009 | |
|  | 2014 | Nina Minko | Independent |
|  | 2019 | Oleg Artemyev | Independent |
|  | 2024 | Aleksey Kuchmin | United Russia |

## Election results

### 2001

Summary of the 16 December 2001 Moscow City Duma election in District 29
| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Vladimir Platonov (incumbent)** | Union of Right Forces | **34,246** | **59.53%** |
|  | Viktor Anpilov | Independent | 11,634 | 20.22% |
|  | Andrey Priyatkin | Independent | 1,391 | 2.42% |
|  | against all | | 8,460 | 14.71% |
|  | | | | |
| Total | | | 57,931 | 100% |
|  | | | | |
| Source: | | | |  |

### 2014

Summary of the 14 September 2014 Moscow City Duma election in District 29
| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Nina Minko** | Independent | **10,941** | **36.18%** |
|  | Aleksandr Medvedev | Communist Party | 7,274 | 24.05% |
|  | Ivan Petrov | Liberal Democratic Party | 4,835 | 15.99% |
|  | Gennady Gendin | A Just Russia | 4,054 | 13.41% |
|  | Yury Porokhovnichenko | Yabloko | 1,308 | 4.33% |
|  | Viktor Sonkin | Independent | 815 | 2.70% |
|  | | | | |
| Total | | | 30,240 | 100% |
|  | | | | |
| Source: | | | |  |

### 2019

Summary of the 8 September 2019 Moscow City Duma election in District 29
| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Oleg Artemyev** | Independent | **11,560** | **41.52%** |
|  | Nikolay Sergeyev | Communist Party | 9,288 | 33.36% |
|  | Boris Chernyshov | Liberal Democratic Party | 3,510 | 12.61% |
|  | Sergey Zhuravsky | A Just Russia | 2,337 | 8.39% |
|  | | | | |
| Total | | | 27,843 | 100% |
|  | | | | |
| Source: | | | |  |

### 2024

Summary of the 6–8 September 2024 Moscow City Duma election in District 29
| Candidate | | Party | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Aleksey Kuchmin** | United Russia | **31,914** | **44.31%** |
|  | Maria Bazhenova | New People | 8,604 | 11.95% |
|  | Lyubov Nikitina (incumbent) | Communist Party | 8,289 | 11.51% |
|  | Yekaterina Barinova | Liberal Democratic Party | 6,459 | 8.97% |
|  | Andrey Ivanov | A Just Russia – For Truth | 5,783 | 8.03% |
|  | Tatyana Dementyeva | Communists of Russia | 4,688 | 6.51% |
|  | Svetlana Mitina | Independent | 3,287 | 4.56% |
|  | Valentina Shevchenko | Independent | 2,937 | 4.08% |
|  | | | | |
| Total | | | 72,028 | 100% |
|  | | | | |
| Source: | | | |  |

1. "Результаты выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 2024". *moscow-city.vybory.izbirkom.ru*. Retrieved 2024-09-15.
2. "Закон города Москвы от 30 апреля 2014 года №22 "О схеме одномандатных избирательных округов по выборам депутатов Московской городской Думы"". *docs.cntd.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
3. "Закон города Москвы от 27 декабря 2023 года №39 "О схеме одномандатных избирательных округов по выборам депутатов Московской городской Думы"". *docs.cntd.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
4. "Результаты выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 2001". *panorama.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
5. "Результаты выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 2014". *moscow-city.vybory.izbirkom.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-14.
6. "Результаты выборов по одномандатному избирательному округу, 2019". *moscow-city.vybory.izbirkom.ru*. Retrieved 2024-01-14.

## InfoBox

Moscow City Duma District 29
| **Moscow City Duma**
**constituency** | |
| --- | --- |
| Deputy | Aleksey Kuchmin
United Russia |
| Administrative Okrug | Southern |
| Districts | Chertanovo Severnoye, Chertanovo Tsentralnoye, part of Chertanovo Yuzhnoye |
| Voters | 176,109 (2024) |


title: Nicolae Culianu

abstract: Nicolae Culianu was a Moldavian, later Romanian mathematician and astronomer. A native of Iași, he enrolled in the University of Paris after graduating from Academia Mihăileană in 1855, and earned his undergraduate degree in mathematics in 1860. He remained there until 1863, performing research at the Paris Observatory. Initially a high school teacher, he later joined the astronomy and geodesy faculty of the University of Iași, where he served as dean of the sciences faculty, and from 1880 to 1898 as rector. He was a close associate of Titu Maiorescu, a member of the Junimea movement that the latter led, and involved in the educational reform movement it promoted. As such, he was among the founders of a private high school in Iași, to which he donated a group of buildings. While active in Junimea, his renowned affability and venerable bearing earned him the nickname "Papa Culiano". He was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1889. He helped found the Iași astronomical observatory for the use of students and teachers, and published textbooks on mathematics and geodesy. He was among the founders Recreații Științifice, the country's first scientific periodical addressed to young people and to a generalist audience. Briefly involved in politics, he was vice president of the Romanian Senate during the fourth conservative government of Lascăr Catargiu (1892–1896). Culianu's textbooks include an 1870 one on differential and integral calculus, the first published Romanian-language course on mathematical analysis; and ones on elementary algebra (1872), applied geometry (1874), plane and spherical trigonometry (1875), cosmography (1893), plane trigonometry (1894), and high-school cosmography (1895). He was buried in Eternitatea Cemetery. His great-grandson was Ioan Petru Culianu.

text:
# Nicolae Culianu

**Nicolae Culianu** (August 28, 1832 – November 28, 1915) was a Moldavian, later Romanian mathematician and astronomer.

A native of Iași, he enrolled in the University of Paris after graduating from *Academia Mihăileană* in 1855, and earned his undergraduate degree in mathematics in 1860. He remained there until 1863, performing research at the Paris Observatory. Initially a high school teacher, he later joined the astronomy and geodesy faculty of the University of Iași, where he served as dean of the sciences faculty, and from 1880 to 1898 as rector. He was a close associate of Titu Maiorescu, a member of the *Junimea* movement that the latter led, and involved in the educational reform movement it promoted. As such, he was among the founders of a private high school in Iași, to which he donated a group of buildings. While active in *Junimea*, his renowned affability and venerable bearing earned him the nickname "Papa Culiano". He was elected a corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1889.

He helped found the Iași astronomical observatory for the use of students and teachers, and published textbooks on mathematics and geodesy. He was among the founders *Recreații Științifice*, the country's first scientific periodical addressed to young people and to a generalist audience. Briefly involved in politics, he was vice president of the Romanian Senate during the fourth conservative government of Lascăr Catargiu (1892–1896).

Culianu's textbooks include an 1870 one on differential and integral calculus, the first published Romanian-language course on mathematical analysis; and ones on elementary algebra (1872), applied geometry (1874), plane and spherical trigonometry (1875), cosmography (1893), plane trigonometry (1894), and high-school cosmography (1895). He was buried in Eternitatea Cemetery. His great-grandson was Ioan Petru Culianu.

* (in Romanian) Olga Diaconu, "Institutele Unite – veche școală particulară model", in *Recreații Matematice*, nr.2/2012, pp. 128–30
* Zigu Ornea (1978). *T. Maiorescu și prima generație de maiorescieni: corespondență* (in Romanian). București: Editura Minerva. OCLC 4639005.


title: New Denmark, Wisconsin

abstract: New Denmark is a town in Brown County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 1,562 at the 2020 census. The town surrounds the village of Denmark but is separate from it. The unincorporated communities of Fontenoy and Langes Corners are located in the town. The unincorporated community of Buckman is also located partially in the town.

text:
# New Denmark, Wisconsin

**New Denmark** is a town in Brown County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 1,562 at the 2020 census. The town surrounds the village of Denmark but is separate from it. The unincorporated communities of Fontenoy and Langes Corners are located in the town. The unincorporated community of Buckman is also located partially in the town.

## History

New Denmark was settled by Danish immigrants in 1848, making it the oldest Danish settlement in the United States.

The Town of New Denmark had a post office called Cooperstown, which was later renamed "New Denmark". Cooperstown is now part of Manitowoc County. On March 8, 1855, the Brown County Board of Supervisors split New Denmark off from the town of De Pere, creating the Town of New Denmark.

On June 15, 1915, the community of Denmark, the commercial center of the Town of New Denmark, held a special election on the issue of incorporation. The official vote tally was 109 in favor, and 26 against. Later that year, Denmark was officially incorporated into a village.

## Geography

New Denmark is located in southeastern Brown County and is bordered by Manitowoc County to the south and Kewaunee County to the east. The town surrounds the village of Denmark, which is located south of the geographic center of the town.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 34.4 square miles (89.1 km2), of which 34.1 square miles (88.4 km2) is land and 0.23 square miles (0.6 km2), or 0.72%, is water.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2000 | 1,482 |  |  |
| 2010 | 1,541 |  | 4.0% |
| 2020 | 1,562 |  | 1.4% |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

As of the census of 2000, there were 1,482 people, 515 households, and 417 families residing in the town. The population density was 42.7 people per square mile (16.5/km2). There were 528 housing units at an average density of 15.2 per square mile (5.9/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 98.58% White, 0.34% Native American, 0.61% Asian, 0.13% from other races, and 0.34% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.54% of the population.

There were 515 households, out of which 38.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 73.2% were married couples living together, 4.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 19.0% were non-families. 17.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 5.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.87 and the average family size was 3.25.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 28.6% under the age of 18, 7.2% from 18 to 24, 29.0% from 25 to 44, 26.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 108.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 107.5 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $57,891, and the median income for a family was $61,750. Males had a median income of $40,804 versus $25,243 for females. The per capita income for the town was $23,313. About 1.7% of families and 4.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.7% of those under age 18 and 7.2% of those age 65 or over.

## Highways

## Notable people

## InfoBox

| New Denmark, Wisconsin | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Town hall | |
| Location in Brown County and the state of Wisconsin | |
| Coordinates: 44°22′12″N 87°50′7″W / 44.37000°N 87.83528°W / 44.37000; -87.83528 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Wisconsin |
| County | Brown |
| Established | 1855 |
| Area | |
| Total | 34.4 sq mi (89.1 km2) |
| Land | 34.1 sq mi (88.4 km2) |
| Water | 0.2 sq mi (0.6 km2) |
| Elevation | 853 ft (260 m) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 1,562 |
| Density | 45/sq mi (17.4/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (Central (CST)) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| Area code | 920 |
| FIPS code | 55-56575 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1583803 |
| Website | townofnewdenmark.com |


title: Zavidov

abstract: Zavidov is a municipality and village in Rakovník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

text:
# Zavidov

**Zavidov** is a municipality and village in Rakovník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 300 inhabitants.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1869 | 402 |  |
| 1880 | 369 | −8.2% |
| 1890 | 349 | −5.4% |
| 1900 | 332 | −4.9% |
| 1910 | 363 | +9.3% |
| 1921 | 351 | −3.3% |
| 1930 | 383 | +9.1% |
| 1950 | 316 | −17.5% |
| 1961 | 324 | +2.5% |
| 1970 | 287 | −11.4% |
| 1980 | 314 | +9.4% |
| 1991 | 257 | −18.2% |
| 2001 | 294 | +14.4% |
| 2011 | 321 | +9.2% |
| 2021 | 356 | +10.9% |
| Source: Censuses | | |

## InfoBox

| Zavidov | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Centre of Zavidov | |
|  | |
| ZavidovLocation in the Czech Republic | |
| Coordinates: 50°3′24″N 13°37′13″E / 50.05667°N 13.62028°E / 50.05667; 13.62028 | |
| Country | Czech Republic |
| Region | Central Bohemian |
| District | Rakovník |
| First mentioned | 1360 |
| Area | |
| Total | 3.79 km2 (1.46 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 461 m (1,512 ft) |
| Population (2024-01-01) | |
| Total | 347 |
| Density | 92/km2 (240/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 270 35 |
| Website | www.zavidov.cz |