title: Primavera (magazine)

abstract: Primavera was an American feminist magazine based in Chicago, Illinois from 1975 to 2006. Established by Janet Ruth Heller, Celia Josephson, and Deborah Gordon Fisher, the magazine contained poetry, illustrations, fiction, and photography. It was most notable for its lack of political content—they concerned themselves more with content that reflected on women’s experiences. Often described as "A Unique Woman's Magazine," Primavera garnered praise from other publications such as Off Our Backs, Chicago Magazine, and Library Journal. It published annually and often depended on submissions. The magazine's editor, Ruth Young, became involved with Primavera while she was still working as a managing editor for the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. It has been said that Young kept the magazine alive. Lisa Grayson, a friend and a fellow colleague of Ruth Young at Primavera said that Young "did everything from sending out issues to libraries to dealing with printers," and "read every manuscript that came over the transom."

text:
# Primavera (magazine)

***Primavera*** was an American feminist magazine based in Chicago, Illinois from 1975 to 2006. Established by Janet Ruth Heller, Celia Josephson, and Deborah Gordon Fisher, the magazine contained poetry, illustrations, fiction, and photography. It was most notable for its lack of political content—they concerned themselves more with content that reflected on women’s experiences.

Often described as "A Unique Woman's Magazine," *Primavera* garnered praise from other publications such as *Off Our Backs, Chicago Magazine,* and *Library Journal.* It published annually and often depended on submissions.

The magazine's editor, Ruth Young, became involved with *Primavera* while she was still working as a managing editor for the *Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists*. It has been said that Young kept the magazine alive. Lisa Grayson, a friend and a fellow colleague of Ruth Young at Primavera said that Young "did everything from sending out issues to libraries to dealing with printers," and "read every manuscript that came over the transom."

## InfoBox

*Primavera*
| Editor | Ruth Young |
| --- | --- |
| Frequency | Annual |
| Publisher | Salsedo Press |
| First issue | 1975 |
| Final issue | 2006 |
| Country | United States |
| Based in | Chicago, Illinois |
| ISSN | 0364-7609 |


title: Visa policy of Namibia

abstract: The Government of Namibia allows citizens of specific countries and territories to travel to Namibia for tourism, visiting friends and relatives as well as official purposes for 3 months with an ordinary, diplomatic and service passports without having to obtain a visa. All visitors must have a passport valid for at least 6 months. Namibia announced the start of issuing African passport holders with visas on arrival at ports of entry as a first step towards the eventual abolition of all visa requirements for all Africans. Namibia is expected to become part of the universal KAZA visa.

text:
# Visa policy of Namibia

The Government of Namibia allows citizens of specific countries and territories to travel to **Namibia** for tourism, visiting friends and relatives as well as official purposes for 3 months with an ordinary, diplomatic and service passports without having to obtain a visa. All visitors must have a passport valid for at least 6 months.

Namibia announced the start of issuing African passport holders with visas on arrival at ports of entry as a first step towards the eventual abolition of all visa requirements for all Africans.

Namibia is expected to become part of the universal KAZA visa.

## Visa policy map

## Visa exemption

Holders of ordinary passports issued by the following jurisdictions can enter Namibia without a visa for a maximum stay of 3 months within any 1 calendar year:

|  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

ID - May enter Namibia using an ID card in lieu of a passport.
1 - including holders of MSAR passports and MSAR Travel Permits.
2 - including all classes of British nationality.
\# - On 24 May 2024, the Government of Namibia adopted a decision to introduce a reciprocal visa regime and countries labelled are those whose citizens will require a visa. Citizens of these countries will be eligible to obtain a visa on arrival. The decision will enter into force on 1 April 2025.

### Non-ordinary passports

Holders of diplomatic or official service category passports of the following countries may enter without a visa.

|  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

Namibia signed an agreement with Botswana in February 2023 allowing citizens to travel between the two countries using only identity cards, with passports no longer being needed.

## Visa on arrival

Citizens of the following countries and territories can obtain a visa on arrival for a maximum stay of 90 days. The cost of the visa on arrival is N$1200.

|  |  |  |  |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

1 - Already exempt from visa requirement.

Travelers can obtain a visa upon arrival in the following locations.

## Visitor statistics

Most visitors arriving to Namibia were from the following countries of nationality:

|
|  |
| Country | 2016 | 2015 | 2014 | 2013 |
| Angola | 420,763 | 492,866 | 519,191 | 477,828 |
| South Africa | 355,391 | 381,854 | 329,850 | 317,563 |
| Zambia | 240,117 | 168,899 | 167,407 | 167,044 |
| Germany | 124,152 | 93,939 | 91,900 | 84,121 |
| Zimbabwe | 87,181 | 78,205 | 67,809 | 62,778 |
| Botswana | 54,960 | 50,908 | 40,311 | 36,556 |
| United Kingdom | 32,712 | 27,365 | 29,016 | 25,351 |
| United States | 28,659 | 26,339 | 25,291 | 21,884 |
| France | 23,794 | 20,598 | 20,549 | 16,837 |
| Netherlands | 20,596 | 14,539 | 12,015 | 10,782 |
| Total | 1,574,148 | 1,519,618 | 1,477,593 | 1,372,602 |


title: Ulrichen

abstract: Ulrichen is a village in the municipality of Obergoms in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. The population was 219. Ulrichen was an independent municipality until January 1, 2009, when it merged with Oberwald and Obergesteln to form the municipality Obergoms. In Ulrichen, an airport is located.

text:
# Ulrichen

**Ulrichen** is a village in the municipality of Obergoms in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. The population (as of 2007) was 219.

Ulrichen was an independent municipality until January 1, 2009, when it merged with Oberwald and Obergesteln to form the municipality Obergoms.

In Ulrichen, an airport is located.

## Climate

Ulrichen has a Subarctic climate (Dfc) according to the Köppen Climate Classification, bordering a Warm-Summer humid continental climate (Dfb). Precipitation is spread evenly throughout the year. The town is known to receive high amounts of snow during the winter months.

| Climate data for Ulrichen (1991–2020) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −0.8
(30.6) | 1.7
(35.1) | 5.9
(42.6) | 9.9
(49.8) | 14.9
(58.8) | 19.4
(66.9) | 21.8
(71.2) | 21.3
(70.3) | 17.3
(63.1) | 12.6
(54.7) | 5.1
(41.2) | −0.3
(31.5) | 10.7
(51.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −7.2
(19.0) | −5.4
(22.3) | −0.4
(31.3) | 3.9
(39.0) | 8.7
(47.7) | 12.6
(54.7) | 14.6
(58.3) | 14.0
(57.2) | 10.0
(50.0) | 5.5
(41.9) | −0.7
(30.7) | −5.6
(21.9) | 4.2
(39.6) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −13.0
(8.6) | −12.1
(10.2) | −6.5
(20.3) | −1.8
(28.8) | 2.4
(36.3) | 5.5
(41.9) | 7.5
(45.5) | 7.3
(45.1) | 3.8
(38.8) | 0.2
(32.4) | −5.2
(22.6) | −10.6
(12.9) | −1.9
(28.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 97
(3.8) | 81
(3.2) | 89
(3.5) | 88
(3.5) | 116
(4.6) | 95
(3.7) | 86
(3.4) | 100
(3.9) | 89
(3.5) | 107
(4.2) | 124
(4.9) | 110
(4.3) | 1,183
(46.6) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 114.8
(45.2) | 132.6
(52.2) | 85.4
(33.6) | 26.3
(10.4) | 7.1
(2.8) | 0.2
(0.1) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.1
(0.0) | 13.5
(5.3) | 81.5
(32.1) | 116.6
(45.9) | 578.1
(227.6) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 9.6 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 11.0 | 11.3 | 9.0 | 9.2 | 10.6 | 10.2 | 120.0 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 1.0 cm) | 9.5 | 10.1 | 8.3 | 4.4 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 8.9 | 10.8 | 54.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 84 | 79 | 74 | 69 | 69 | 70 | 70 | 73 | 76 | 79 | 84 | 85 | 76 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 71 | 104 | 153 | 153 | 171 | 199 | 216 | 192 | 161 | 126 | 67 | 54 | 1,665 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 49 | 51 | 52 | 49 | 46 | 52 | 57 | 56 | 55 | 49 | 41 | 47 | 51 |
| Source: MeteoSwiss (snow 1981–2010) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

Media related to Ulrichen at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Ulrichen | |
| --- | --- |
| Former municipality | |
| Ulrichen in December 2009 | |
| Location of Ulrichen | |
| UlrichenUlrichen | |
| Coordinates: 46°30′N 8°18′E / 46.500°N 8.300°E / 46.500; 8.300 | |
| Country | Switzerland |
| Canton | Valais |
| District | Goms |
| Municipality | Obergoms |
| Area | |
| Total | 444 km2 (171 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,346 m (4,416 ft) |
| Population (December 2007) | |
| Total | 219 |
| Density | 0.49/km2 (1.3/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (Central European Time) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (Central European Summer Time) |
| Postal code(s) | 3988 |
| SFOS number | 6071 |
| ISO 3166 code | CH-VS |
| Website | www.ulrichen.ch
 |


title: True Links

abstract: True Links is the first EP by the rapper Edgar Allen Floe.

text:
# True Links

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllHipHop.com |  |
| Okayplayer | (83) |
| HipHopSite.com |  |
| MVRemix | (favourable) |

***True Links*** is the first EP by the rapper Edgar Allen Floe.

## Overview

It contains nine tracks produced by 9th Wonder, Illmind and others. Only one track has guest vocals: L.E.G.A.C.Y. and Median appear on "The Great Adventure". DJ Ethx considers this to be a reason why *True Links* is monotonous writing, "\[d\]epending on your patience or perspective, Mr. Floe's *True Links* is either a decent, and promising, debut for an artist in his career's infancy or a fairly monotonous listen; one that could have been aided by a bit of versatility in cadence and tone, or perhaps supplemented by more guest vocalists." Similarly, Miles Duncan of Okayplayer considers the EP to have repetitive and monotonous rapping, but also strong production and personal lyrics. Starrene Rhett of AllHipHop.com describes *True Links* as a "dope listening experience\[...\] \[e\]compassing a jazzy sound reminiscent of east coast Hip-Hop circa the early to mid 90s."

## Track listing

1. "Intro" – 0:20
2. "The Formula 2005" – 2:48
3. "I for an I" – 3:48
4. "Back in Time" – 4:17
5. "Timelife" – 4:18
6. "Faith in Love" – 3:45
7. "The Great Adventure" – 3:42
    * featuring L.E.G.A.C.Y. and Median
8. "Imagine" – 3:28
9. "Livelyhood" – 4:35

## Personnel

### Producers

* DJ Forge — track 2
* Illmind — track 3
* Khrysis — track 4
* Obsidian Blue — track 5
* 9th Wonder — track 6, 7
* Picasso — track 8
* Slicemysta (a.k.a. Edgar Allen Floe) — track 9

## InfoBox

| True Links | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| EP by Edgar Allen Floe | |
| Released | June 14, 2005 |
| Genre | Underground hip hop |
| Label | MCEO |
| Producer | 9th Wonder, Illmind, Khrysis, Slicemysta, Obsidian Blue, DJ Forge, Picasso |
| Edgar Allen Floe chronology | |
| ***True Links***
(2005) *Floe Almighty*
(2006) | |


title: Mirabilis (company)

abstract: Mirabilis was an Israeli company that developed the ICQ instant messaging program, an early example of real-time communication over the Internet.

text:
# Mirabilis (company)

**Mirabilis** was an Israeli company that developed the ICQ instant messaging program, an early example of real-time communication over the Internet.

## History

Mirabilis was founded in July 1996 by Arik Vardi, Yair Goldfinger, Sefi Vigiser and Amnon Amir.

Goldfinger, Visiger, Vardi and Amir met while working for a Tel Aviv software company, Zapa Digital Arts, that specialized in three-dimensional graphic tools for the Internet. In 1996, they left Zapa and began to toy with ideas for new Internet innovations. They created ICQ in less than two months, but had no funding. Yossi Vardi, the father of Arik Vardi and one of the founders of Israel Chemicals, agreed to invest a few hundred thousand dollars to develop the technology. Mirabilis was established in a small apartment in San Jose, California, where Internet access was cheaper.

ICQ grew as people encouraged their friends to join so they could communicate with each other. This established a powerful network effect as prospective users strongly preferred the system where their friends were likely to be.

It was purchased by America Online (AOL) for $287 million in 1998.

AOL sold ICQ to Digital Sky Technologies for $187.5 million on April 28, 2010.

## InfoBox

Mirabilis
| Founded | July 1996 (1996-07), Israel |
| --- | --- |
| Founder | Yossi Vardi |
| Fate | Acquired |
| Successor | AOL
Mail.ru Group |
| Owner | Digital Sky Technologies (ICQ)
AOL |


title: White Zone

abstract: White Zone is the nineteenth studio album by Hawkwind, released under the band name Psychedelic Warriors in 1995. The name change reflects that this was a musical departure for the band; being an ambient techno album rather than rock, the album is completely instrumental and there is little guitar featured.

text:
# White Zone

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |

***White Zone*** is the nineteenth studio album by Hawkwind, released under the band name Psychedelic Warriors in 1995. The name change reflects that this was a musical departure for the band; being an ambient techno album rather than rock, the album is completely instrumental (except for samples) and there is little guitar featured.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Am I Fooling" | Brock, Davey, Chadwick | 1:28 |
| 2. | "Frenzzy" | Brock | 5:48 |
| 3. | "Pipe Dreams" (From *Strange Trips and Pipe Dreams*) | Brock | 3:38 |
| 4. | "Heart Attack" | Brock | 0:54 |
| 5. | "Time And Space" | Brock, Davey | 4:04 |
| 6. | "The White Zone" (From *Strange Trips and Pipe Dreams*) | Brock | 7:32 |
| 7. | "In Search of Shangrila" | Brock | 5:35 |
| 8. | "Bay of Bengal" | Brock | 1:35 |
| 9. | "Moonbeam" (From *Chalice of the Stars*) | Chadwick | 4:08 |
| 10. | "Window Pane" | Davey | 5:08 |
| 11. | "Love in Space" | Davey | 5:20 |

## Personnel

Psychedelic Warriors

## Release history

* Feb 1995: Emergency Broadcast, EBSSCD113, UK CD digipak
* May 1995: Griffin Music, GCD376-2, USA CD
* May 2010: Atomhenge (Cherry Red) Records, ATOMCD1023, UK CD

## InfoBox

| White Zone | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Psychedelic Warriors | |
| Released | 20 June 1995 |
| Recorded | 1995 |
| Genre | Ambient techno |
| Length | 45:10 |
| Label | Essential |
| Producer | Hawkwind |
| Psychedelic Warriors chronology | |
| *The Business Trip*
(1994) ***White Zone***
(1995) *Alien 4*
(1995) | |


title: Prior of Monymusk

abstract: Prior of Monymusk was the head of the property and community of Augustinian canons of Monymusk Priory, Aberdeenshire. The following is a list of priors and commendators:

text:
# Prior of Monymusk

**Prior of Monymusk** (later, **Commendator of Monymusk**) was the head of the property and community of Augustinian canons of Monymusk Priory, Aberdeenshire. The following is a list of priors and commendators:

## List of office holders

### List of priors

* Máel Brigte (Bricius), 1210x1211-1222x
* *Unknown abbots*
* Alan, fl. 1268
* *Unknown abbots*
* Bernard, fl. 1345
* Andrew Cant, 1357-1365
* *Unknown abbots*
* David de Kynnard, x 1420
* Richard de Donery, 1420-1426
* Robert de Kilconkar, 1424-1429
* Robert de Paisley, 1427-1429 x 1430
* John de Tulach, 1429
* William de Cupar, 1430-1444 x 1450
* William Crannach, 1430
* William Couys (Cowes), 1430-1434
* Laurence de Cupar, 1430
* Robert de Keith, 1434
* John de Luoris (Luchris), 1444
* David Hay, 1450-1464 x 1469
* Thomas Straton, 1469
* Alexander Spens, 1469-1489 x 1491
* John Dugut, x1489
* William Kermichael (Carmichael), 1489
* Robert Fairweather, 1486-1490
* Laurence Valles, 1490
* Bartholomew de Putellis, 1491
* Richard Strathauchin, 1497-1499 x 1509
* John Aitkenheid, 1509-1523

### List of commendators

* David Ferlie, 1522-1554 x 1558
* John Elphinstone, 1543-1554 x 1562
* Duncan Sviles, 1546
* John Stewart, 1558
* John Hay. 1558-1573
* Alexander Forbes, 1574-1577
* Robert Forbes, 1577-1614 x 1616

1. A culdee.
2. Became Abbot of Inchaffray.
3. Commendator of Balmerino.
* Cowan, Ian B. & Easson, David E., *Medieval Religious Houses: Scotland With an Appendix on the Houses in the Isle of Man*, Second rdition, (London, 1976), pp. 155–59
* Watt, D. E. R. & Shead, N. F. (eds.), *The Heads of Religious Houses in Scotland from the 12th to the 16th Centuries*, The Scottish Records Society, New Series, Volume 24, (Edinburgh, 2001), pp. 93–4


title: Prescott Freese Dennett

abstract: Prescott Freese Dennett was one of 30 people indicted for sedition for sympathizing with the Axis powers, in his case Nazi Germany, and tried in Washington in 1944. The case ended in mistrial on Dec. 7, 1944. Dennett petitioned unsuccessfully to reopen the trial in order to clear his name, the only one of the defendants to do so. Dennett was born in Bangor, Maine and attended Bangor High School and then Wheaton College in Illinois. Winning an essay contest at Wheaton, he transferred to the journalism school of Columbia University, where he was awarded a pulitzer traveling scholarship for travel in Europe. In 1939 he was a publicist in Washington, D.C. when he was paid by German agent George Sylvester Viereck to front the "Make Europe Pay its War Debt Committee" and later the "Islands for War Debt Committee", both of which were aimed to prevent the American government from extending aid to war-time Britain and France. Dennett was at the center of an elaborate scheme by which isolationist Congressmen such as Hamilton Fish III and Robert Rice Reynolds would make pro-German statements in the Congressional Record, which would then be printed by Viereck and mailed around the country without postal charge using the Congressional franking privilege. Just before Federal agents raided Dennett's offices, he transferred a number of bags of illegally franked mail to Representative Fish's office, where they were subsequently discovered. Fish's chief aid George Hill was convicted of perjury in connection with the case. Hill was sentenced to two to 6 years in prison, which was reduced to 10 months to 3 years on appeal. Dennett was inducted into the army as a private in 1941, but was subpeoned by a grand jury in September, and then indicted in July, 1942 with 29 other defendants on sedition charges. Most of the others charged were confirmed Nazi sympathizers or agents. Dennett claimed not to harbor such sympathies, but to have only been used by Viereke and his isolationist allies in Congress. When the case resulted in mistrial in 1944, Dennett alone petitioned for a new trial in order to clear his name. This was denied, and he continued to petition Congress after the war, eventually forming a "Justice for New Deal Victims Committee" in 1948.

text:
# Prescott Freese Dennett

**Prescott Freese Dennett** (October 12, 1907 – October 7, 1992) was one of 30 people indicted for sedition for sympathizing with the Axis powers, in his case Nazi Germany, and tried in Washington in 1944. The case ended in mistrial on Dec. 7, 1944. Dennett petitioned unsuccessfully to reopen the trial in order to clear his name, the only one of the defendants to do so.

Dennett was born in Bangor, Maine and attended Bangor High School and then Wheaton College in Illinois. Winning an essay contest at Wheaton, he transferred to the journalism school of Columbia University, where he was awarded a pulitzer traveling scholarship for travel in Europe. In 1939 he was a publicist in Washington, D.C. when he was paid by German agent George Sylvester Viereck to front (as Treasurer) the "Make Europe Pay its War Debt Committee" and later the "Islands for War Debt Committee", both of which were aimed to prevent the American government from extending aid to war-time Britain and France. Dennett was at the center of an elaborate scheme by which isolationist Congressmen such as Hamilton Fish III and Robert Rice Reynolds would make pro-German statements in the Congressional Record, which would then be printed by Viereck and mailed around the country without postal charge using the Congressional franking privilege. Just before Federal agents raided Dennett's offices, he transferred a number of bags of illegally franked mail to Representative Fish's office, where they were subsequently discovered. Fish's chief aid George Hill was convicted of perjury in connection with the case. Hill was sentenced to two to 6 years in prison, which was reduced to 10 months to 3 years on appeal.

Dennett was inducted into the army as a private in 1941, but was subpeoned by a grand jury in September, and then indicted in July, 1942 (by which time America had declared war on Germany) with 29 other defendants on sedition charges. Most of the others charged were confirmed Nazi (or Japanese) sympathizers or agents. Dennett claimed not to harbor such sympathies, but to have only been used by Viereke and his isolationist allies in Congress. When the case resulted in mistrial in 1944, Dennett alone petitioned for a new trial in order to clear his name. This was denied, and he continued to petition Congress after the war, eventually forming a "Justice for New Deal Victims Committee" in 1948.


title: Prisoner of Paradise (2002 film)

abstract: Prisoner of Paradise is a 2002 documentary film directed by Malcolm Clarke and Stuart Sender. The film is an international co-production of Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom, and tells the true story of Kurt Gerron, a German-Jewish cabaret and film actor in the 1920s and 1930s who was deported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in Czechoslovakia during World War II. There, Gerron was ordered to write and direct a Nazi propaganda film. Prisoner of Paradise received mostly positive reviews and was nominated for Best Documentary Feature at the 75th Academy Awards. Clarke won an award from the Directors Guild of Canada for his work on the film, and he and Sender were together nominated for Outstanding Directing – Documentaries at the 55th Directors Guild of America Awards.

text:
# Prisoner of Paradise (2002 film)

***Prisoner of Paradise*** is a 2002 documentary film directed by Malcolm Clarke and Stuart Sender. The film is an international co-production of Canada, the United States, and the United Kingdom, and tells the true story of Kurt Gerron, a German-Jewish cabaret and film actor in the 1920s and 1930s who was deported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in Czechoslovakia during World War II. There, Gerron was ordered to write and direct a Nazi propaganda film.

*Prisoner of Paradise* received mostly positive reviews and was nominated for Best Documentary Feature at the 75th Academy Awards. Clarke won an award from the Directors Guild of Canada for his work on the film, and he and Sender were together nominated for Outstanding Directing – Documentaries at the 55th Directors Guild of America Awards.

## Content

The documentary is a chronicle of the life and career of Kurt Gerron. During the 1920s and early 1930s, Gerron was a well-known cabaret and film actor in Berlin. He sang the song "Mack the Knife" in the initial production of Brecht's *The Threepenny Opera* and appeared in a supporting role in Josef von Sternberg's classic German sound film *The Blue Angel*, co-starring Marlene Dietrich. When the Nazis came to power, Gerron remained in Germany, in spite of serious warnings by von Sternberg and Peter Lorre that he should leave the country.

Later, Gerron moved to Paris and Amsterdam in order to continue his entertainment career. He was captured by the Nazis in 1943 and sent with other Jews to the Theresienstadt concentration camp located near Prague. In 1944, the Nazis promoted this as a model settlement where the Jews were being well-treated and allowed a visit from the International Red Cross, to placate the Danish government. That year, the Nazis recruited Gerron to write and direct a 23-minute propaganda film, *Theresienstadt.* It presented the concentration camp as a "wonderful" place. Despite his cooperation, Gerron and his wife were subsequently included in the liquidation of the ghetto and deported to Auschwitz concentration camp, where they were both murdered.

## Production and release

*Prisoner of Paradise* was produced for the Cineplex Odeon Films presentation in Canada; the film is a Montreal production, in association with BBC, PBS, SODEC, and the Canadian cable television specialty channel History Television. The script was written by Malcolm Clarke and the film was narrated by Ian Holm. The documentary was released theatrically on December 12, 2003. A DVD version was released on April 12, 2005.

## Reception

### Critical reaction

The documentary received generally positive reviews by the press. Metacritic gave *Prisoner of Paradise* a score of 70 out of 100, based on 13 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". *Prisone of Paradise* has an approval rating of 82% on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 28 reviews, and an average rating of 7.08/10.

*Variety magazine* called the film "an important and smoothly mounted meditation on moral choices within the entertainment biz."

*Charlotte Observer* 's reviewer Lawrence Toppman praised the film, stating that "its uniqueness lies in its juxtaposition of happy faces and unhappy realities, of fleeting expressions of art and culture undone by daily brutality." The press widely agreed that the documentary exploited a new and unexpected aspect of the Nazi war against the Jews. Owen Gleiberman of *Entertainment Weekly* gave the film a B, and added that the film "reveal\[ed\] a queasy corner of the Nazi mind that tried to imagine a concentration camp as it fantasized the inmates might have." According to *The Hollywood Reporter,* the distinction between *Prisoner of Paradise* and previous films of the same topic is that "it tells a morality tale of a man whose hubris partially led to his downfall and whose willingness to work for his Nazi overseers resulted in one of the most notorious propaganda films of the era."

Along with the good reviews, *Prisoner of Paradise* was mildly criticized for its analysis of why Gerron agreed to direct the Nazi propaganda film of the camp. *The New York Times* commented that the film "seems to just drift to a close rather than pronounce an end. This can be a result of wrestling with a daunting subject and not being up to its demands."

### Nominations and awards

The film received a nomination for Best Feature Documentary at the 75th Academy Awards. Director Malcolm Clarke won the Directors Guild of Canada Award; he and Stuart Sender were also nominated for the 2003 Directors Guild of America Award.

## InfoBox

| Prisoner of Paradise | |
| --- | --- |
| DVD cover | |
| Directed by | Malcolm Clarke
Stuart Sender |
| Produced by | Karl-Eberhard Schäfer |
| Distributed by | Menemsha Entertainment (US)
Odeon Films (Canada) |
| Release dates | * December 11, 2002 (2002-12-11) (U.S.) * March 7, 2003 (2003-03-07) (Canada) |
| Running time | 96 minutes |
| Countries | Canada
United States
United Kingdom |
| Language | English |


title: Prince Blanco

abstract: Prince Blanco is a singer and multi-instrumentalist based in Toronto. Performing and recording mainly as a reggae and ska artist, he also draws inspiration from punk rock and cumbia. In 2010 Blanco won a Canadian JUNO Award for Reggae Recording of the Year along with producer Dubmatix for their single, Gonna Be Alright. Prince Blanco is also known for being the executive producer of Shatter the Hotel: A Dub Inspired Tribute to Joe Strummer a compilation album whose proceeds benefitted The Joe Strummer Foundation. From 2013-2015 Blanco co-hosted The Bassment Sessions a weekly radio broadcast hosted by Dubmatix, As a vocalist and musician, Blanco still occasionally works with Dubmatix, Citizen Sound and other notable producers. In 2021 he joined Toronto-based cumbia group, Cachada as a singer and percussionist, releasing two singles with them in early 2022. In the late nineties, Prince Blanco was a singer and drummer with popular Toronto ska band, The Skanksters. From 2001 to 2005 he was a singer and percussionist with ska-lypso big band, The Liquidaires.

text:
# Prince Blanco

**Prince Blanco** is a singer and multi-instrumentalist based in Toronto. Performing and recording mainly as a reggae and ska artist, he also draws inspiration from punk rock and cumbia.

In 2010 Blanco won a Canadian JUNO Award for Reggae Recording of the Year along with producer Dubmatix for their single, Gonna Be Alright (7 Arts).

Prince Blanco is also known for being the executive producer of Shatter the Hotel: A Dub Inspired Tribute to Joe Strummer a compilation album whose proceeds benefitted The Joe Strummer Foundation.

From 2013-2015 Blanco co-hosted **The Bassment Sessions** a weekly radio broadcast hosted by Dubmatix,

As a vocalist and musician, Blanco still occasionally works with **Dubmatix**, **Citizen Sound** and other notable producers.

In 2021 he joined Toronto-based cumbia group, **Cachada** as a singer and percussionist, releasing two singles with them in early 2022.

In the late nineties, Prince Blanco was a singer and drummer with popular Toronto ska band, **The Skanksters**. From 2001 to 2005 he was a singer and percussionist with ska-lypso big band, **The Liquidaires**.

## Selected discography

| Year | Group | Title | Format | Label |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1997 | The Skanksters | *Dub Cookery* | Album | Simmerdown USA |
| 2003 | The Liquidaires | *Looking Up* | Album | Mojobrand |
| 2005 | Boogiewall Soundsystem | *Supermyownband* | Album | OhmGrown/Universal |
| 2005 | The Liquidaires | *Meeting Place* | Album | Mojobrand |
| 2006 | Prince Blanco & The Rocksteady Allstars | *Prince Blanco & The Rocksteady Allstars* | E.P. | Mojobrand |
| 2008 | Prince Blanco | *Rebel Discothèque* | Album | MojoBrand |
| 2008 | Dubmatix featuring Prince Blanco | "Don't Pressurize Me" | Single | 7 Arts |
| 2008 | Dubmatix featuring Prince Blanco | "Gonna Be Alright" | Single | 7 Arts |
| 2009 | Prince Blanco | "Tuff Dub" | Single | Citizen Sound |
| 2014 | Dubmatix featuring Prince Blanco | "Anarchy In The UK" | Single | 7 Arts |
| 2020 | Dubmatix featuring Prince Blanco | "Israelites" | Single | 7 Arts |

* Prince Blanco Music


title: Prince of Dai (Ming dynasty)

abstract: Prince of Dai (代王) was a Ming dynasty princely peerage created by Zhu Yuanzhang for his 13th son, Zhu Gui, in 1378. The peerage was initially named Prince of Yu (豫王) with the fief in Nanchang. In 1392, the peerage gained its present name and was relocated to Datong (大同), one of the nine strategically important cities of Ming Dynasty China since 1487.

text:
# Prince of Dai (Ming dynasty)

**Prince of Dai** (代王) was a Ming dynasty princely peerage created by Zhu Yuanzhang for his 13th son, Zhu Gui, in 1378. The peerage was initially named Prince of Yu (豫王) with the fief in Nanchang. In 1392, the peerage gained its present name and was relocated to Datong (大同), one of the nine strategically important cities of Ming Dynasty China since 1487.

## Generation poem

The holders of Prince of Dai peerage used the following generation poem:

> 逊仕成聪俊，充廷鼐鼎彝，傅贻连秀郁，炳耀壮洪基.

> Xun Shi Cheng Cong Jun, Chong Ting Nai Ding Yi, Fu Yi Lian Xiu Yu, Bing Yao Zhuang Hong Ji

The generation poem was used until Fu generation which was the same generation as that of Zhu Cilang, a crown prince of Chongzhen Emperor.

## The Princedom of Dai

* **Zhu Gui** (朱桂; 25 August 1374 – 29 December 1446), Hongwu Emperor's 13th son by Consort Hui of Guo clan, who held the princedom from 1378 to 1392 as Prince of Yu and from 1392 to 1446 as Prince of Dai and was posthumously honoured as Prince Jian of Dai (代簡王)
    + **Zhu Xuntuan** (朱遜煓; 1393–1418), Zhu Gui's first son who held the title of heir son to Princedom of Dai from 1404 to 1418 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Li of Dai (代戾王)
        - **Zhu Shichan** (朱什壥; 1410–1463), Zhu Xuntuan's first son who held the princedom from 1448 to 1463 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Yin of Dai (代隱王)
            * **Zhu Chenglian** (朱成錬; 1437–1489), Zhu Shichan's first son who held the princedom from 1466 to 1489 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Hui of Dai (代惠王)
                + Zhu Conghui (朱聰沬; 1464–1498), Zhu Chenglian's first son who held the title of Prince of Wuyi (武邑王) from 1479 to 1489 when he was deprived of this title for improper behavior during the mourning and was posthumously honoured as Prince Si of Dai (代思王)
                    - **Zhu Junzhang** (朱俊杖; 1480–1527), Zhu Conghui's first son who held the princedom from 1498 to 1527 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Yi of Dai (代懿王)
                        * **Zhu Chongyao** (朱充燿; 1497–1547), Zhu Junzhang's first son who held the princedom from 1530 to 1547 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Zhao of Dai (代昭王)
                            + **Zhu Tingqi** (朱廷埼; 1526–1573), Zhu Chongyao's first son who held the princedom from 1549 to 1573 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Gong of Dai (代恭王)
                                - **Zhu Naixuan** (朱鼐鉉; 1557–1594), Zhu Tingqi's first son who held the princedom from 1581 to 1594 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Ding of Dai (代定王)
                                - **Zhu Naijun** (朱鼐鈞; 1559–1627), Zhu Tingqi's second son who held the princedom from 1596 to 1627 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kang of Dai (代康王)
                                    * **Zhu Dingwei** (朱定渭; d.1629), Zhu Naijun's second son who held the princedom from 1627 to 1629 and was not given posthumous name (代王)
                                        + **Zhu Yiting** (朱彜梃; d. 1640), Zhu Dingwei's first son who held the princedom from 1632 to 1640 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Yu of Dai (代裕王)
                                            - Zhu Fuji (朱傅㸄; d. 1644), Zhu Yiting's first son who held the princedom from 1640 to 1644 when he was captured by Li Zicheng and was not given posthumous name (代王)
                + Zhu Congjuan (朱聰涓; 1472–1547), Zhu Chenglian's third son who held the title of Prince of Lechang (樂昌王) from 1483 to 1547 and acted as clan councillor of Princedom of Dai from 1489 to 1498

## Cadet lines

### Prince of Guangling

* **Zhu Xunmin** (朱遜𤇜; 1402–1459), Zhu Gui's second son who held the princedom from 1404 to 1459 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Rongxu of Guangling (廣霛榮虛王)
    + **Zhu Shizi** (朱仕【土兹】; 1428-12 October 1496), Zhu Xunmin's first son who held the princedom from 1460 to 1496 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Zhuangyu of Guangling (廣靈莊裕王)
        - **Zhu Chengkuan** (朱成【金款】; d.1523), Zhu Shizi's first son who held the princedom from 1499 to 1523 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Shunjian of Guangling (廣靈順簡王)
            * **Zhu Conghan** (朱聪汉; d.1530), Zhu Chengkuan's first son who held the princedom from 1525 to 1530 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Xuanhe of Guangling (广灵宣和王)
                + **Zhu Jiangui** (朱俊槻; d. 1546), Zhu Conghan's first son who held the princedom from 1532 to 1546 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kangding of Guangling (廣靈康定王)
                    - **Zhu Chongjin** (朱充煡; d. 1566), Zhu Jiangui's first son who held the princedom from 1559 to 1566 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Rongzhao of Guangling (广灵荣昭王)
                        * **Zhu Tingshi** (朱廷埘; d. 1603), Zhu Chongjin's first son who held the princedom from 1569 to 1603 and was not given a posthumous name (广灵王)
                            + Zhu Naifen (朱鼐𫟴; d.1601), Zhu Tingshi's first son who held a title of chief son (长子) of Guangling and was not given posthumous name.
                            + Zhu Naiji (朱鼐𨰷; d.1599), Zhu Tingshi's second son who held a title of defender general (镇国将军)
                                - Zhu Dingshuang (朱鼎灀), Zhu Naiji's first son who inherited the princedom in 1603 (广灵王)

### Prince of Lucheng

* **Zhu Xunzhu** (朱逊\[火宁\]; 1407-1471), Zhu Gui's third son who held the princedom from 1424 to 1471 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Xishun of Lucheng (潞城僖顺王)
    + **Zhu Shilian** (朱仕堜; 1436 - 1490), Zhu Xunzhu's third son who held the princedom from 1473 to 1490 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Anjian of Lucheng (潞城安简王)
        - **Zhu Chenglei** (朱成鑘; d.1499), Zhu Shilian's first son who held the princedom from 1492 to 1499 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Rong'an of Lucheng (潞城荣安王)
            * **Zhu Conglang** (朱聪蒗; d. 1522), Zhu Chenglei's first son who held the princedom from 1501 to 1522 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Xuanhui of Lucheng (潞城宣惠王)
                + **Zhu Junsuo** (朱俊梭; d. 1555), Zhu Conglang's first son who held the princedom from 1524 to 1555 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Duanxian of Lucheng (潞城端宪王)
                    - **Zhu Chonghuang** (朱充熀; d. 1583), Zhu Junsuo's first son who held the princedom from 1557 to 1583 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kangding of Lucheng (潞城康定王)
                        * **Zhu Tingbi** (朱廷堛; d. 1608), Zhu Chonghuang's first son who held the princedom from 1587 to 1608 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Gongding of Lucheng (潞城恭恪王)
                            + **Zhu Naining** (朱鼐鑏; d. 1622), Zhu Tingbi's first son who held the princedom from 1608 to 1622 and was not given posthumous name.

### Prince of Shanyin

* **Zhu Xunchen** (朱逊煁; 1409-1467), Zhu Gui's fourth son who held the princedom from 1424 to 1467 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kanghui of Shanyin (山阴康惠王)
    + **Zhu Shifeng** (朱仕堸; 1456 - 19 November 1503), Zhu Xunchen's first son who held the princedom from 1470 to 1503 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Duanyu of Shanyin (山阴端裕王)
        - **Zhu Chengmou** (朱成鍪; d. 1535), Zhu Shifeng's first son who held the princedom from 1506 to 1535 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Rongjing of Shanyin (山阴荣靖王)
            * **Zhu Congshu** (朱聪澍; d. 1555), Zhu Chengmou's first son who held the princedom from 1537 to 1555 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Xishun of Shanyin (山阴僖顺王)
                + **Zhu Junshan** (朱俊栅; d. 1603), Zhu Congshu's first son who held the princedom from 1558 to 1603 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Zhuangxian of Shanyin (山阴庄宪王)
                    - **Zhu Chongxi** (朱充熙), Zhu Junshan's first son who held the princedom from 1623 (山阴王)
                        * **Zhu Tingli** (朱廷理; d.1646), Zhu Chongxi's first son who held the princedom until 1646 when he surrendered to Qing dynasty (山阴王)

### Prince of Xiangyuan

The peerage was created in 1424 for Zhu Xunqian with the fief in Puzhou (蒲州).

* **Zhu Xunqian** (朱逊燂; 1410-1462), Zhu Gui's fifth son who held the princedom from 1424 to 1462 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Gongjian of Xiangyuan (襄垣恭简王)
    + **Zhu Shikui** (朱仕㙺; 1430 - 30 July 1503), Zhu Xunqian's first son who held the princedom from 1465 to 1475 when he was accused of licentiousness and deprived of his title together with his children and two brother Zhu Shidi and Zhu Shiweng (襄垣王)
    + **Zhu Shipi** (朱仕坯; 1449 - 1539), Zhu Xunqian's fifth son who managed princedom affairs since 1475, held the princedom in 1539 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Anhui of Xiangyuan (襄垣安惠王), however his succession was considered counterfeit
        - **Zhu Chengkui** (朱成鍨; 1475-1566), Zhu Shipi's first son who held the princedom from 1541 to 1566 and was not given posthumous name after it was revealed that his father falsely claimed the princedom of Xiangyuan (襄垣王)
            * Zhu Congchan (朱聪浼), Zhu Chengkui's first son who held the title of chief son (长子)
                + Zhu Junqu (朱俊渠), Zhu Congchan's first son who held the title of chief grandson (长孙)
                    - Zhu Chonghuang (朱充煌), Zhu Junqu's son who held the title of bulwark lieutenant from 1569 because of the fact he was not allowed to inherit the princedom (辅国中尉)
                + Zhu Junqin (朱俊寴; d. 1644), Zhu Junqu's relative who managed princedom affairs as defender lieutenant until 1644 when he was captured by Li Zicheng's forces and died by suicide (镇国中尉)

### Prince of Lingqiu

The peerage was created in 1424 with the fief in Jiangzhou (绛州) since 1461.

* **Zhu Xunquan** (朱逊烇; 1413 - 1475), Zhu Gui's sixth son who held the princedom from 1424 to 1475 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Rongshun of Lingqiu (灵丘荣顺王)
    + **Zhu Shimian** (朱仕𡒳; 1433 - 17 May 1493), Zhu Xunquan's first son who held the princedom from 1477 to 1493 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Xijing of Lingqiu (灵丘僖靖王)
        - **Zhu Chengyi** (朱成鈠; 1457 - 5 May 1497), Zhu Shimian's first son who held the princedom from 1494 to 1497 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Zhuanghe of Lingqiu (灵丘庄和王)
            * **Zhu Congge** (朱聪滆; 1473 - 29 December 1555), Zhu Chengyi's first son who held the princedom from 1499 to 1555 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Duanyi of Lingqiu (灵丘端懿王)
                + **Zhu Junge** (朱俊格; d. 1545), Zhu Congge's first son who held the title of chief son (长子) from 1504 to 1545 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kangdao of Lingqiu (灵丘康悼王)
                    - **Zhu Chongyi** (朱充熼; d. 1551), Zhu Junge's first son who held the title of chief grandson (长孙) from 1522 to 1551 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Daoyi of Lingqiu (灵丘悼懿王)
                        * **Zhu Tingzhi** (朱廷址; d.1552), Zhu Chongyi's first son who held the title of chief great grandson (曾长孙) from 1545 to 1552 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Huaixi of Lingqiu (灵丘怀僖王)
                            + **Zhu Nailian** (朱鼐镰), Zhu Tingzhi's first son who held the princedom from 1561 to 1569 when he was stripped of his title (灵丘王). The princely title was abolished after his demotion.
                            + Zhu Naifu (朱鼐鈇), Zhu Tingzhi's second son who managed the princedom affairs from 1570 to 1617 when he fell ill (灵丘府宗理)
                                - Zhu Dingjie (朱鼎洁), Zhu Naifu's son who replaced Zhu Naifu due to his sickness as clan councillor and held the post until 1626
                            + Zhu Naihun (朱鼐鍕), Zhu Tingzhi's son who managed the princedom since 1626 when he replaced Zhu Dingjie

### Prince of Xuanning

The peerage was created in 1437 with the fief in Zezhou (泽州) since 1461.

* **Zhu Xunliao** (朱逊炓; 1423-1470), Zhu Gui's seventh son who held the princedom from 1437 to 1470 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Jingzhuang of Xuanning (宣宁靖庄王)
    + **Zhu Shiluo** (朱仕𡑤; d. 1491), Zhu Xunliao's seventh son who held the princedom from 1472 to 1491 and was Posthumously honoured as Prince Hexi of Xuanning (宣宁和僖王)
        - **Zhu Chenggu** (朱成钴; d. 1497), Zhu Shiluo's first son who held the princedom from 1494 to 1510 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Gong'an of Xuanning (宣宁恭安王)
            * **Zhu Congyan** (朱聪𤅊; d. 1528), Zhu Chenggu's first son who held the princedom from 1521 to 1528 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kangjing of Xuanning (宣宁康靖王)
                + **Zhu Junxiang** (朱俊相; d. 1570), Zhu Congyan's first son who held the princedom from 1536 to 1570 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Zhaorong of Xuanning (宣宁昭荣王)
                    - **Zhu Chongcan** (朱充灿; d. 1590), Zhu Junxiang's first son who held the princedom from 1580 to 1590 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Wenjian of Xuanning (宣宁温简王). After his death, the peerage was abolished and got managed by clan councillor.
                + Zhu JunX (朱俊X)
                    - **Zhu Chongbu** (朱充𩌣), Zhu Chongcan's relative who managed the princedom as clan councillor since 1611

### Prince of Huairen

The peerage was created in 1437 with the fief in Huozhou (霍州) since 1461.

* **Zhu Xunhui** (朱逊烠; 1425-1490), Zhu Gui's eighth son who held the princedom from 1437 to 1490 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Rongding of Huairen (怀仁荣定王)
    + **Zhu Shiliao** (朱仕㙩; 1444-1488), Zhu Xhunhui's second son who held the title of defender general until 1488 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Anxi of Huairen (怀仁安僖王)
        - **Zhu Chengba** (朱成钯; 1462-1492), Zhu Shiliao's first son who held the princedom from 1491 to 1492 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Gonghe of Huairen (怀仁恭和王)
            * **Zhu Congshu** (朱聪淑; 1485-1517), Zhu Chengba's first son who held the princedom from 1494 to 1517 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Wenhui of Huairen (怀仁温惠王)
            * **Zhu Conglie** (朱聪洌; 1488-1529), Zhu Chengba's sixth and second legitimate son who managed the princedom as defender general from 1517 to 1529 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Xikang of Huairen (怀仁僖仁王)
                + **Zhu Junxie** (朱俊榭; 1505-24 May 1571), Zhu Conglie's first son who held the princedom from 1543 to 1571 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Zhuangjian of Huairen (怀仁庄简王), however his succession was considered counterfeit, thus his son could not inherit
                    - Zhu Chongyu (朱充𤉪), Zhu Junxie's son who managed the princedom from 1571 as a state general (奉国中尉)
                        * Zhu Tingxuan (朱廷塇), Zhu Chongyu's third son who managed the princedom affairs since 1588 as defender lieutenant (镇国中尉)

### Prince of Xichuan

* **Zhu Xunliu** (朱逊熮; 1429-1474), Zhu Gui's tenth son who held the princedom from 1442 to 1474 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Yi'an of Xichuan (隰川懿安王)
    + **Zhu Shisui** (朱仕\[土遂\]; 1445-1485), Zhu Xunliu's first son who held the princedom from 1477 to 1485 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Gongxi of Xichuan (隰川恭僖王)
        - **Zhu Chengyun** (朱成钧; d. 1494), Zhu Shisui's first son who held the princedom until 1494 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Zhuangyin of Xichuan (隰川庄隐王)
            * **Zhu Congyang** (朱聪羕; d. 1518), Zhu Chengyun's first son who held the princedom from 1494 to 1518 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kangsu of Xichuan (隰川康肃王)
                + **Zhu Junbai** (朱俊柏; d. 1555), Zhu Congyang's first son who held the princedom from 1522 to 1555 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Zhuanghui of Xichuan (隰川庄惠王). After extinction of his line, the peerage was abolished
            * Zhu CongX (朱聪X)
                + Zhu Junsui (朱俊檖; d. 1576), Zhu Junbai's successor who managed the princedom as clan councillor from 1558 to 1576
                    - Zhu Chongyi (朱充\[鱼日欸\]), Zhu Junsui's first son who managed the princedom as clan councillor from 1617
                        * Zhu Tingyu (朱廷\[土羽\]), Zhu Chongyi's first son who managed the princedom as clan councillor until 1646
            * Zhu Congying (朱聪㵬)
                + Zhu Jungeng (朱俊梗; d. 1590), Zhu Congying's son and Zhu Junbai's successor who managed the princedom 1578 to 1590
                    - Zhu Chongdan (朱充倓; d. 1615), Zhu Jungeng's first son who managed the princedom from 1591 to 1615 as clan councillor
        - Zhu Chenghao (朱成镐), Zhu Shisui's second son who managed the princedom since 1488 as clan councillor
    + Zhu Shikuang (朱仕圹), Zhu Xunliu's second son who managed the princedom affairs from 1485 to 1488 as clan councillor

### Prince of Changhua

* **Zhu Shitan** (朱仕墰; 15 March 1416 - 21 March 1484), Zhu Xuntuan's second son who held the princedom from 1448 to 1484 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Wenxian of Changhua (昌化温宪王)
    + **Zhu Chenghuan** (朱成锾; 1448 -14 February 1513), Zhu Shitan's first son who held the princedom from 1487 to 1513 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Rongxi of Changhua (昌化荣僖王)
        - **Zhu Congjin** (朱聪浕; 1472-1541), Zhu Chenghuan's first son who held the princedom from 1518 to 1542 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Duanxiang of Changhua (昌化端襄王). As he was heirless, his princedom was expired

### Prince of Ding'an

The peerage was created in 1450 for Zhu Chenglin with the fief in Xinzhou

* **Zhu Chenglin** (朱成鏻)

With his heir Zhu Congyu was disinherited, the princedom was abolished.

### Female members

## Expired cadet lines

### Absorbed to the princedom

* Prince of Wuyi (武邑王) - abolished with the death of Zhu Congmo and absorbed to the princedom with ascension of Zhu Junzhang (朱俊杖)
* Prince of Taishun (泰順王) - with the ascension of Zhu Chongyao

### Extinct

* Prince of Changhua (昌化王)
* Prince of Hechuan (和川王)
* Prince of Ningjin (寧津王)
* Prince of Liyang (溧陽王)
* Prince of Jinxian (進賢王)
* Prince of Henei (河内王)
* Prince of Baofeng (寶豐王)
* Prince of Dangshan (碭山王)
* Prince of Taixing (泰興王)
* Prince of Taiping (太平王)
* Prince of Xinning (新寧王)

### Abolished

* Prince of Ding'an (定安王)
* Prince of Boye (博野王)
* Prince of Raoyang (饒陽王)

### Sources

#### Monographs

* Bai Yang/柏楊 (1977). *中國歷史年表*. 星光出版社.
* Chen Menglei/陳夢蕾 (1934). *古今圖書集成*. 中華書局.
* Li / 李, Yumin / 裕民 (1985). 明史人名索引 / Index of Ming Dynasty historical people. Vol. 1. 中華書局.
* Richard G. Wang (2012). *The Ming Prince and Daoism: Institutional Patronage of an Elite*. Oxford University Press.
* Tsai, Shih-shan Henry (2001). *Perpetual happiness : the Ming emperor Yongle*. Seattle: University of Washington Press
* Wang Ji/汪楫. *崇禎長編/Continuation of Chongzhen era*
* Wang, Xuan (1811). Annals of Shanxi / "山西通志". Vol. 15.
* Wang Yang/王霷; Wang Sisheng/汪嗣聖. *朔州志/ Annals of Shuozhou*.
* Zhang Yongchun/張咏春 (2019). *音乐史学新探/ New outlook on history of music*. Beijing Book Co. Inc.
* Zhao / 赵, Shiyu / 世瑜 (2017, 2021). 在空间中理解时间：从区域社会史到历史人类学. Beijing Book Co. Inc.
* Zhu / 朱, Zhang / 樟; Tian / 田, Jiagu / 嘉谷 (2016). 澤州府志 / Annals of Zezhou. Vol. 3. Beijing Book Co. Inc.

#### Ming dynasty veritable records

* 《中國明朝檔案總匯·第84冊》/ Collection of Ming dynasty archival documents. Part 84
* 《謚法通考》/ "Explanation of posthumous names"
* 弇山堂別集 / "Another collection of Hanshan hall"
* 明史 / History of Ming
* 内阁大库档案 / Grand archive of Inner Court
* 崇禎十二年山西鄉試序齒錄
* 大明太宗文皇帝實錄 / "Veritable records of Highest ancestor, Emperor Wen"
* 大明仁宗昭皇帝实录/ "Veritable records of Benevolent ancestor, Emperor Zhao"
* 大明英宗睿皇帝實錄 / "Veritable records of Brilliant Ancestor, Emperor Rui"
* 大明憲宗純皇帝實錄 / "Veritable records of Constituting Ancestor, Emperor Chun"
* 大明孝宗敬皇帝實錄 / "Veritable records of Filial Ancestor, Emperor Jing"
* 大明武宗毅皇帝实录 / "Veritable records of Martial Ancestor, Emperor Yi"
* 大明世宗肃皇帝实录 / “Veritable records of Perpetual Ancestor, Emperor Su"
* 大明穆宗庄皇帝实录 / "Veritable records of Majestic Ancestor, Emperor Zhuang"
* 大明神宗显皇帝实录 / "Veritable records of Divine Ancestor, Emperor Xian"
* 大明熹宗悊皇帝实录 / "Veritable records of Bright Ancestor, Emperor Zhe"
* 崇禎實錄 / "Veritable records of Chongzhen era"


title: Prix Mystère de la critique

abstract: The Prix Mystère de la critique was established in 1972 by Mystère magazine, published by Éditions OPTA from 1948 to 1976, and is one of the oldest French awards for a detective novel. It continues to be awarded each year by its founder, Georges Rieben and his team, and has the characteristic of having survived the demise of the magazine. Since 2011, the award's ceremony takes place at the Bibliothèque des littératures policières. The prize is divided into two categories: French novel and foreign novel.

text:
# Prix Mystère de la critique

The **Prix Mystère de la critique** was established in 1972 by *Mystère magazine*, published by Éditions OPTA from 1948 to 1976, and is one of the oldest French awards for a detective novel. It continues to be awarded each year by its founder, Georges Rieben and his team, and has the characteristic of having survived the demise of the magazine.

Since 2011, the award's ceremony takes place at the Bibliothèque des littératures policières.

The prize is divided into two categories: French novel and foreign novel.

## Laureates of the best French novel

The prizewinners in the National category is reserved for the best French-language crime series published the previous year. The most successful in this category were the French Alain Demouzon (1979 and 2001), Pascal Dessaint (1997 and 2008), Thierry Jonquet (1994 and 1999), Dominique Manotti (2002 and 2007), Jean-Hugues Oppel (1995 and 2006), Fred Vargas (1996 and 2000) and Hervé Le Corre (2005 and 2010), who won the prize twice. Vargas was at the same time the first female criminal writer to be awarded the prize.

## Laureates of the best foreign novel

The prizewinners in the International category, is reserved for the best foreign crime scene published in the previous year in French translation. The most successful in this category were Donald E. Westlake (1972 and 2001), Robin Cook (1984 and 1995), William Bayer (1986 and 2005) and James Lee Burke (1992 and 2009), who could have won the award twice. Horst Bosetzky was the only German-speaking criminal writer, to succeed in the victory of a criminal writer. In 1988, he triumphed with his novel "Kein Reihenhaus" for Robin Hood, which had been published under the pseudonym -ky, under the title *Robin des bois est mort*, in the Bordeaux publishing house Le Mascaret the previous year.

### 2010s

### 2000s

### 1990s

### 1980s

### 1970s


title: Prežba

abstract: Prežba is a small inhabited island in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea, located northwest of the island of Lastovo in southern Dalmatia. It is connected to Lastovo by a bridge at the village of Pasadur on Lastovo. Prežba's area is 2.81 km⁲, but its coastline is 14.23 km long, due to the large number of coves on the island. Its highest peak is 136 m above sea level and there is a lighthouse on the south side of the island, across the bay from Ubli. The island was used by the Yugoslav People's Army as a military base containing a tunnel and tunnel for ships.

text:
# Prežba

**Prežba** is a small inhabited island in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea, located northwest of the island of Lastovo in southern Dalmatia. It is connected to Lastovo by a bridge at the village of Pasadur on Lastovo. Prežba's area is 2.81 km2, but its coastline is 14.23 km long, due to the large number of coves on the island. Its highest peak is 136 m above sea level and there is a lighthouse on the south side of the island, across the bay from Ubli. The island was used by the Yugoslav People's Army as a military base containing a tunnel and tunnel for ships.

## InfoBox

Prežba
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Geography | |
| Location | Adriatic Sea |
| Coordinates | 42°46′20″N 16°48′34″E / 42.77222°N 16.80944°E / 42.77222; 16.80944 |
| Archipelago | Lastovo |
| Area | 2.81 km2 (1.08 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 136 m (446 ft) |
| Administration | |
| **Croatia** | |
| County | Dubrovnik-Neretva |


title: Prochaetodermatidae

abstract: The Prochaetodermatidae are a family of small worm-shaped (<1 cm) chaetoderm molluscs. The burrowing organisms lack a true foot; they have a large pair of jaws and a small radula, comprising a dozen rows of paired teeth. They are known from around the globe, except in polar regions, and inhabit ocean depts of 50 m to the deepest depths trawled.

text:
# Prochaetodermatidae

The **Prochaetodermatidae** are a family of small worm-shaped (\<1 cm) chaetoderm molluscs. The burrowing organisms lack a true foot; they have a large pair of jaws and a small radula, comprising a dozen rows of paired teeth. They are known from around the globe, except in polar regions, and inhabit ocean depts of 50 m to the deepest depths trawled.

## InfoBox

| Prochaetodermatidae | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Caudofoveata |
| Order: | Chaetodermatida |
| Family: | Prochaetodermatidae<br>Salvini-Plawen, 1969 |
|
| Genera | |
|  | |


title: Probabilistic metric space

abstract:
In mathematics, probabilistic metric spaces are a generalization of metric spaces where the distance no longer takes values in the non-negative real numbers R ≥ 0, but in distribution functions. Let D+ be the set of all probability distribution functions F such that F(0) = 0 (F is a nondecreasing, left continuous mapping from R into [0, 1] such that max(F) = 1). Then given a non-empty set S and a function F: S × S → D+ where we denote F(p, q) by Fp,q for every (p, q) ∈ S × S, the ordered pair (S, F) is said to be a probabilistic metric space if:
  - For all u and v in S, u = v if and only if Fu,v(x) = 1 for all x > 0.
  - For all u and v in S, Fu,v = Fv,u.
  - For all u, v and w in S, Fu,v(x) = 1 and Fv,w(y) = 1 ⇒ Fu,w(x + y) = 1 for x, y > 0.

text:
# Probabilistic metric space

In mathematics, **probabilistic metric spaces** are a generalization of metric spaces where the distance no longer takes values in the non-negative real numbers **R**0, but in distribution functions.

Let *D+* be the set of all probability distribution functions *F* such that *F*(0) = 0 (*F* is a nondecreasing, left continuous mapping from **R** into \[0,1\] such that max(*F*) = 1).

Then given a non-empty set *S* and a function *F*: *S*×*S**D+* where we denote *F*(*p*,*q*) by *F**p*,*q* for every (*p*,*q*) ∈ *S* × *S*, the ordered pair (*S*,*F*) is said to be a probabilistic metric space if:

* For all *u* and *v* in *S*, *u*=*v* if and only if *F**u*,*v*(*x*) = 1 for all *x* \> 0.
* For all *u* and *v* in *S*, *F**u*,*v* = *F**v*,*u*.
* For all *u*, *v* and *w* in *S*, *F**u*,*v*(*x*) = 1 and *F**v*,*w*(*y*) = 1 ⇒ *F**u*,*w*(*x*+*y*) = 1 for *x*, *y* \> 0.

## History

Probabilistic metric spaces are initially introduced by Menger, which were termed **statistical metrics**. Shortly after, Wald criticized the generalized triangle inequality and proposed an alternative one. However, both authors had come to the conclusion that in some respects the Wald inequality was too stringent a requirement to impose on all probability metric spaces, which is partly included in the work of Schweizer and Sklar. Later, the probabilistic metric spaces found to be very suitable to be used with fuzzy sets and further called fuzzy metric spaces

## Probability metric of random variables

A probability metric *D* between two random variables *X* and *Y* may be defined, for example, as $D(X,Y)=\int \_{-\infty }^{\infty }\int \_{-\infty }^{\infty }|x-y|F(x,y)\\,dx\\,dy$ where *F*(*x*, *y*) denotes the joint probability density function of the random variables *X* and *Y*. If *X* and *Y* are independent from each other, then the equation above transforms into $D(X,Y)=\int \_{-\infty }^{\infty }\int \_{-\infty }^{\infty }|x-y|f(x)g(y)\\,dx\\,dy$ where *f*(*x*) and *g*(*y*) are probability density functions of *X* and *Y* respectively.

One may easily show that such probability metrics do not satisfy the first metric axiom or satisfies it if, and only if, both of arguments *X* and *Y* are certain events described by Dirac delta density probability distribution functions. In this case: $D(X,Y)=\int \_{-\infty }^{\infty }\int \_{-\infty }^{\infty }|x-y|\delta (x-\mu \_{x})\delta (y-\mu \_{y})\\,dx\\,dy=|\mu \_{x}-\mu \_{y}|$ the probability metric simply transforms into the metric between expected values $\mu \_{x}$, $\mu \_{y}$ of the variables *X* and *Y*.

For all other random variables *X*, *Y* the probability metric does not satisfy the identity of indiscernibles condition required to be satisfied by the metric of the metric space, that is: $D\left(X,X\right)\>0.$

### Example

For example if both probability distribution functions of random variables *X* and *Y* are normal distributions (N) having the same standard deviation $\sigma $, integrating $D\left(X,Y\right)$ yields: $D\_{NN}(X,Y)=\mu \_{xy}+{\frac {2\sigma }{\sqrt {\pi }\exp \left(-{\frac {\mu \_{xy}^{2}{4\sigma ^{2}\right)-\mu \_{xy}\operatorname {erfc} \left({\frac {\mu \_{xy}{2\sigma }\right)}}}}}}}$ where $\mu \_{xy}=\left|\mu \_{x}-\mu \_{y}\right|,$ and $\operatorname {erfc} (x)$ is the complementary error function.

In this case: $\lim \_{xy}\to 0}D\_{NN}(X,Y)=D\_{NN}(X,X)={\frac {2\sigma }{\sqrt {\pi }.}$

## Probability metric of random vectors

The probability metric of random variables may be extended into metric *D*(**X**, **Y**) of random vectors **X**, **Y** by substituting $|x-y|$ with any metric operator *d*(**x**, **y**): $D(\mathbf {X} ,\mathbf {Y} )=\int \_{\Omega }\int \_{\Omega }d(\mathbf {x} ,\mathbf {y} )F(\mathbf {x} ,\mathbf {y} )\\,d\Omega \_{x}d\Omega \_{y}$ where *F*(**X**, **Y**) is the joint probability density function of random vectors **X** and **Y**. For example substituting *d*(**x**, **y**) with Euclidean metric and providing the vectors **X** and **Y** are mutually independent would yield to: $D(\mathbf {X} ,\mathbf {Y} )=\int \_{\Omega }\int \_{\Omega }{\sqrt {\sum \_{i}|x\_{i}-y\_{i}|^{2}F(\mathbf {x} )G(\mathbf {y} )\\,d\Omega \_{x}d\Omega \_{y}.}}$


title: Proeulia auraria

abstract: Proeulia auraria is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Chile. The length of the forewing is 7–12 mm. Most of the small specimens have the forewing markings reduced to an incomplete oblique band running from the middle of the costa toward the tornus. The golden-ocherous ground colour of the forewing is more or less mottled with brown or ferruginous. The hindwings are white, ocherous white or pale cinereous, in some specimens distinctly speckled with grey.

text:
# Proeulia auraria

***Proeulia auraria*** is a species of moth of the family Tortricidae. It is found in Chile (Coquimbo Region, Valparaíso Region and Santiago Province).

The length of the forewing is 7–12 mm. Most of the small specimens have the forewing markings reduced to an incomplete oblique band running from the middle of the costa toward the tornus. The golden-ocherous ground colour of the forewing is more or less mottled with brown or ferruginous. The hindwings are white, ocherous white or pale cinereous (ash grey), in some specimens distinctly speckled with grey.

## InfoBox

| *Proeulia auraria* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Tortricidae |
| Genus: | *Proeulia* |
| Species: | ***P. auraria*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Proeulia auraria***<br>(Clarke, 1949) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Eulia auraria* Clarke, 1949 | |


title: Pristaulacus resutorivorus

abstract: Pristaulacus resutorivorus is a species of wasp in the family Aulacidae. It is found in North America.

text:
# Pristaulacus resutorivorus

***Pristaulacus resutorivorus*** is a species of wasp in the family Aulacidae. It is found in North America.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Pristaulacus resutorivorus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Aulacidae |
| Genus: | *Pristaulacus* |
| Species: | ***P. resutorivorus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pristaulacus resutorivorus***<br>(Westwood, 1851) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Pristaulacus firmus*  (Cresson, 1879) * *Pristaulacus subfirmus*  (Viereck, 1901) | |


title: Pristaulacus rufitarsis

abstract: Pristaulacus rufitarsis is a species of wasp in the family Aulacidae, which is found in North America. This wasp is known for its parasitic behavior, particularly targeting the larvae of certain wood-boring beetles like the Hemlock borer and the poplar borer.

text:
# Pristaulacus rufitarsis

***Pristaulacus rufitarsis*** is a species of wasp in the family Aulacidae, which is found in North America. This wasp is known for its parasitic behavior, particularly targeting the larvae of certain wood-boring beetles like the Hemlock borer (Phaenops fulvoguttata) and the poplar borer (Saperda calcarata).

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Pristaulacus rufitarsis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Aulacidae |
| Genus: | *Pristaulacus* |
| Species: | ***P. rufitarsis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pristaulacus rufitarsis***<br>(Cresson, 1864) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Pristaulacus abdominalis*  (Cresson, 1880) * *Pristaulacus erythrogaster*  (Kieffer, 1904) * *Pristaulacus spinosipes*  (Kieffer, 1910) | |


title: Pristaulacus minor

abstract: Pristaulacus minor is a species of wasp in the family Aulacidae. It is found in North America.

text:
# Pristaulacus minor

***Pristaulacus minor*** is a species of wasp in the family Aulacidae. It is found in North America.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Pristaulacus minor* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Aulacidae |
| Genus: | *Pristaulacus* |
| Species: | ***P. minor*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Pristaulacus minor***<br>(Cresson, 1880) | |
|


title: White Zombie discography

text:
# White Zombie discography

The discography for the American heavy metal band White Zombie.

## Albums

### Studio albums

List of studio albums, with selected chart positions and certifications
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | | | | | | | | | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
 | AUS
 | AUT
 | BEL (FL)
 | CHE
 | GER
 | NZ
 | SWE
 | UK
 | |
| *Soul-Crusher* |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| *Make Them Die Slowly* | * Released: March 22, 1989 * Label: Caroline * Format: CD, CS, LP |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| *La Sexorcisto: Devil Music Volume One* | * Released: March 17, 1992 * Label: Geffen * Format: CD, CS, LP | 26 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| *Astro-Creep: 2000* | * Released: April 11, 1995 * Label: Geffen * Format: CD, CS, LP | 6 | 16 | 26 | 46 | 40 | 57 | 16 | 30 | 25 |  |
| "—" denotes a release that did not chart. | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Remix albums

List of remix albums, with selected chart positions and certifications
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | | | | | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
 | AUS
 | NZ
 | SWE
 | UK
 | |
| *Nightcrawlers* | * Released: October 6, 1992 * Label: Geffen * Format: CD |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| *Supersexy Swingin' Sounds* | * Released: August 15, 1996 * Label: Geffen * Format: CD, CS, LP | 17 | 49 | 29 | 54 | 32 |  |
| "—" denotes a release that did not chart. | | | | | | | | | | | |

### Compilation albums

List of compilation albums
| Title | Album details |
| --- | --- |
| *Let Sleeping Corpses Lie* | * Released: November 25, 2008 * Label: Geffen * Format: CD |
| *It Came from N.Y.C.* |  |

## Extended plays

List of extended plays
| Title | EP details |
| --- | --- |
| *Gods on Voodoo Moon* | * Released: November 1985 * Label: self-released * Format: CS, LP |
| *Pig Heaven / Slaughter the Grey* | * Released: May 1986 * Label: self-released * Format: LP |
| *Psycho-Head Blowout* |  |
| *God of Thunder* | * Released: October 1989 * Label: Caroline * Format: LP |

## Singles

### Official singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions, showing year released and album name
| Year | Song | Peak positions | | | | | | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Hot 100
Airplay
 | US
Alt.
 | US
Main.
 | AUS
 | NZ
 | UK
 | |
| 1993 | "Thunder Kiss '65" |  |  | 26 |  | 47 |  | *La Sexorcisto* |
| 1994 | "Black Sunshine" |  |  | 39 |  |  |  | |
| 1995 | "More Human than Human" | 53 | 7 | 10 | 37 |  | 51 | *Astro-Creep: 2000* |
| | "Electric Head Pt. 2 (The Ecstasy)" |  |  | 27 | 95 |  | 31 | |
| 1996 | "Super-Charger Heaven" |  |  | 39 |  |  |  | |
| "—" denotes a release that did not chart. | | | | | | | | |

### Promotional singles

List of singles showing year released and album name
| Year | Song | Album |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1993 | "I Am Hell" | *The Beavis and Butt-Head Experience* |
| 1994 | "Children of the Grave" | *Nativity in Black* |
| | "Feed the Gods" | *Airheads Soundtrack* |
| 1995 | "Real Solution #9" | *Astro-Creep: 2000* |
| 1996 | "The One" | *Escape from L.A.* |
| | "I'm Your Boogieman" | *The Crow: City of Angels* |
| | "Ratfinks, Suicide Tanks and Cannibal Girls" | *Beavis and Butt-Head Do America* |

## Music videos

List of music videos, showing year released and director
| Title | Year | Director(s) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| "Thunder Kiss '65" | 1992 | Juliet Cuming |
| | "Black Sunshine" | Paul Andresen & George Dougherty |
| "Welcome to Planet Motherfucker" | 1993 | Cecilia Miniucchi |
| "Feed the Gods" | 1994 | Rob Zombie & George Dougherty |
| "More Human Than Human" | 1995 | Rob Zombie |
| | | "Super-Charger Heaven" |
| | | "Electric Head, Pt. 2 (The Ecstasy)" |
| "I'm Your Boogieman" | | 1996 |
| | | "The One" |

## Bibliography

## InfoBox

| White Zombie discography | |
| --- | --- |
| Frontman Rob Zombie | |
| Studio albums | 4 |
| Compilation albums | 2 |
| Video albums | 4 |
| Music videos | 9 |
| EPs | 4 |
| Singles | 12 |
| Soundtrack albums | 9 |
| Tribute albums | 1 |
| Remix albums | 1 |


title: White Wings Hanau

abstract: White Wings Hanau is a professional basketball club based in Hanau, Germany. The team currently plays in the ProB, the second highest professional division in Germany. The team plays its home games at the Main-Kinzig-Halle, which has a capacity of 1,564 people.

text:
# White Wings Hanau

**White Wings Hanau** is a professional basketball club based in Hanau, Germany. The team currently plays in the ProB, the second highest professional division in Germany. The team plays its home games at the Main-Kinzig-Halle, which has a capacity of 1,564 people.

## InfoBox

| White Wings Hanau | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Leagues | ProB |
| Founded | 2013 (2013) |
| History | **White Wings Hanau**
(2013–present) |
| Arena | Main-Kinzig-Halle |
| Capacity | 1,564 |
| Location | Hanau, Germany |
| Team colors | Black, White, Orange
 |
| President | Sebastian Bartholomäus |
| Website | www.hebeisen-whitewings.de |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Wild knot

abstract:
In the mathematical theory of knots, a knot is tame if it can be "thickened", that is, if there exists an extension to an embedding of the solid torus S 1 × D 2 into the 3-sphere. A knot is tame if and only if it can be represented as a finite closed polygonal chain. In knot theory and 3-manifold theory, often the adjective "tame" is omitted. Smooth knots, for example, are always tame. Knots that are not tame are called wild and can have pathological behavior.
Every closed curve containing a wild arc is a wild knot.
It has been conjectured that every wild knot has infinitely many quadrisecants. As well as their mathematical study, wild knots have also been studied for their potential for decorative purposes in Celtic-style ornamental knotwork.

text:
# Wild knot

In the mathematical theory of knots, a knot is **tame** if it can be "thickened", that is, if there exists an extension to an embedding of the solid torus $S^{1}\times D^{2}$ into the 3-sphere. A knot is tame if and only if it can be represented as a finite closed polygonal chain. In knot theory and 3-manifold theory, often the adjective "tame" is omitted. Smooth knots, for example, are always tame.

Knots that are not tame are called **wild** and can have pathological behavior. Every closed curve containing a wild arc is a wild knot. It has been conjectured that every **wild knot** has infinitely many quadrisecants.

As well as their mathematical study, wild knots have also been studied for their potential for decorative purposes in Celtic-style ornamental knotwork.


title: Professional Plaza Tower

abstract: The Professional Plaza Tower, also known as the 'Hammer and Nail' building due to its two iconic illuminated signs, is a high-rise building located at 3800 Woodward Avenue in Midtown Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.

text:
# Professional Plaza Tower

The **Professional Plaza Tower**, also known as the  **'Hammer and Nail' building** due to its two iconic illuminated signs (now removed), is a high-rise building located at 3800 Woodward Avenue in Midtown Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.

## History

The Professional Plaza Tower was built as part of the ambitious Detroit Medical Center urban renewal plan carried out in the 1960s. The project, which envisioned a peripheral ring of residential and commercial buildings, including three neighboring twelve-story towers, surrounding the central hospital complex, was never fully realized; however the Professional Plaza Tower, constructed between 1964 and 1966 to house the offices of physicians, surgeons, and dentists, succeeded in bringing medical professionals back into the city, and rapidly established itself as an anchor to the Medical Center.

The tower went vacant in 2014, when its last tenants moved out. Slated for demolition, it was bought by Detroit-based Roxbury Group in January 2015, and reopened in October 2017 after a $22 million renovation which turned it into a 72-unit residential apartment with ground floor retail.

## Architecture

The tower stands twelve stories high and has a square footprint. It was designed by architects Gerald Crane and Norbert Gorwic in the International Style. The largely unaltered exterior consists of a glass and aluminum curtain wall, punctuated on each of the four sides with three concrete columns extending from the base to the roof. The first and twelfth floors are recessed, and the penthouse is faced with precast concrete panels. The main feature of the building were two neon signs, each consisting of three hammers and a nail, displayed on the penthouse walls of the north and south façades. The signs were installed in the 1980s, when the Carpenters Union occupied the top two floors of the tower, and taken down in 2016: one was returned to the Union, while the other was restored and is now displayed in the building's lobby.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Professional Plaza Tower | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 3800 Woodward Avenue<br>Detroit, Michigan |
| Coordinates | 42°20′58″N 83°03′33″W / 42.34944°N 83.05917°W / 42.34944; -83.05917 |
| Built | 1964–66 |
| Architect | Crane and Gorwic |
| Architectural style | International Style |
| NRHP reference No. | 16000182 |
| Added to NRHP | April 19, 2016 |


title: Wilhelm Frickart

abstract: Leutnant Wilhelm Frickart was a World War I flying ace credited with twelve aerial victories. He is the only known German observer to become an ace balloon buster. After pilot training, he scored five additional victories, to become an ace a second time.

text:
# Wilhelm Frickart

Leutnant **Wilhelm Frickart** was a World War I flying ace credited with twelve aerial victories. He is the only known German observer to become an ace balloon buster. After pilot training, he scored five additional victories, to become an ace a second time.

## Biography

### Early life

Wilhelm Maxmilian Frickart was born in Engers, the German Empire on 25 July 1893.

### Military service in Russia

Frickart was originally assigned to duty as an observer/gunner on the Russian Front with FA 24 (later redubbed FA 242). He scored his first victory on 12 April 1917, teaming with Leopold Anslinger to shoot down a Voisin. He followed up for a second one on 27 April. Between 15 and 28 June, he shot down five Russian observation balloons.

### Military service in France

Frickart then went for pilot training, and was consequently assigned to FA 20 on the Western Front. He had three wins there, only one of which, scored on 17 March 1918, was confirmed. From there, he progressed to flying fighters for Jagdstaffel 64 in mid-1918. He then moved to Jagdstaffel 65 on 19 August 1918 as deputy commander under fellow ace Otto Fitzner, and intermittently commanded the squadron while scoring his last four wins between 30 August and 4 October 1918.

## Sources of information

* *Above the Lines: The Aces and Fighter Units of the German Air Service, Naval Air Service and Flanders Marine Corps 1914 - 1918* Norman L. R. Franks, et al. Grub Street, 1993. ISBN 978-0-948817-73-1.

## InfoBox

| Wilhelm Frickart | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Allegiance | Germany |
| Service/branch | Aviation |
| Rank | *Leutnant* |
| Unit | *Flieger-Abteilung* 24/*Flieger-Abteilung* 242;
*Flieger-Abteilung* 20;
*Jagdstaffel 64;*
*Jagdstaffel 65* |
| Commands | *Jagdstaffel 65* |
| Awards | Royal House Order of Hohenzollern;
Iron Cross;
Silver and Bronze award of Austro-Hungarian Medal for Bravery |


title: Prosenella muehni

abstract: Prosenella muehni is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bruch in 1933. It is known from Argentina.

text:
# Prosenella muehni

***Prosenella muehni*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Bruch in 1933. It is known from Argentina.

## InfoBox

| *Prosenella muehni* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Genus: | *Prosenella* |
| Species: | ***P. muehni*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Prosenella muehni***<br>(Bruch, 1933) | |
|


title: Wilhelm Fridolin Volkmann

abstract: Wilhelm Fridolin Volkmann [later the title Ritter von Volkmar was appended to his name] was an Austrian philosopher and psychologist.

text:
# Wilhelm Fridolin Volkmann

**Wilhelm Fridolin Volkmann** \[later the title **Ritter von Volkmar** was appended to his name\] (25 September 1821 – 13 January 1877) was an Austrian philosopher and psychologist.

## Biography

He was born and educated in Prague. In 1846 he became a lecturer in aesthetics, afterwards in philosophy, at the University of Prague, and in 1856 was appointed to a professorship in philosophy there. His chief studies were in the exact psychology of the school of Herbart, for whose general principles Volkmann was probably the most conspicuous expounder.

Volkmann's most important publication is the *Lehrbuch der Psychologie vom Standpunkte des philosophischen Realismus* (Treatise on Psychology from the Standpoint of Philosophical Realism, 1856; 4th ed., by Cornelius, 1894–95). In its first edition it was called *Grundriss ...* (Outline ...).

* Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). "Volkmann, Wilhelm Fridolin". *Encyclopedia Americana*.
* Max Heinze (1896), "Volkmann, Wilhelm Fridolin", *Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie* (in German), vol. 40, Leipzig: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 244–245

Attribution

## InfoBox

| Wilhelm Fridolin Volkmann | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1822-09-25)25 September 1822
Prague, Austrian Empire |
| Died | 13 January 1877(1877-01-13) (aged 54)
Malá Strana, Prague, Austria-Hungary |
| Nationality | Austrian |
| Alma mater | Charles University in Prague |
|  | |
| Institutions | Charles University in Prague |
|  | |


title: Program X

abstract: Program X is a Canadian anthology television series which aired on CBC Television from 1970 to 1973.

text:
# Program X

***Program X*** is a Canadian anthology television series which aired on CBC Television from 1970 to 1973.

## Premise

Various entertainment works were presented in this series whose limited budget was $5000 to $7000 per episode. A goal of the series was to encourage works by new writers and to allow for some experimental works.

CBC management originally intended to combine *Program X* with another new production, *Canadian Short Stories*, to form a common *Theatre Canada* series despite the radically different concepts of each production. However, the Dominion Drama Festival intended to rename itself Theatre Canada and objected to CBC's plan. *Theatre Canada* was subtitled *Canadian Short Stories* and aired Thursday evenings from September 1971 as a separate series which was replaced by *Program X* in that time slot from December 1971.

## Scheduling

This half-hour series was broadcast as follows (times in North American Eastern):

| Day | Time | Season run |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Thursdays | 9:00 p.m. | 17 December 1970 to 27 May 1971 |
| Thursdays | 10:00 p.m. | 3 to 24 June 1971 |
| Thursdays | 9:30 p.m. | 23 December 1971 to 29 June 1972 |
| Fridays | 10:00 p.m. | 22 December 1972 to 15 June 1973 |

## Episodes

* debut, "Blackship" (Jack Winter writer), a dramatic work about the sinking of a vessel carrying 460 Chinese migrant workers towards the United States
* "Ashes for Easter", a one-person drama
* "Banana Peel", featuring Billy Van, science fiction
* "Bits And Pieces", a one-man show starring Gordon Pinsent
* "Boss" (Michael Spivak writer), named after the dog in the story who is killed by an insurance agent
* "Charlie Who?", concerning a man who is thrown in the garbage by his wife after he shrinks
* "Concerto for Television" (1971, Norman Symonds), in which wind was demonstrated through a variety of film clips, sound effects and musical selections; television critic Bob Blackburn of the *Toronto Telegram* condemned this particular episode as "Blind, dumb, mindless fuddle-duddle ... an exercise in pretentious self-indulgence".
* "The Couch" (Grace Richardson writer)
* a Noël Coward revue starring Dinah Christie and Tom Kneebone, based on a Theatre in the Dell performance from Toronto
* "A Day That Didn't Happen", on how a separation affected a pair of former lovers
* "An Evening with Kate Reid", who performed from such works as *The Importance of Being Earnest* (as Lady Bracknell) and *Saint Joan*
* "Generation Game", concerning how characters handle theoretical events
* "Gerber's Girls" (Rod Coneybeare writer), concerning an all-male crew who films a feminist group
* "Lemonade" (James Prideaux writer), starring Eileen Herlie and Martha Scott
* "The Musical Chairs" (Warren Collins writer), a fantasy film
* "Nothing to Declare" (Norman Snider and David Cronenberg writers), set in the 1980s during a civil war in Canada and the United States, in which a young man must choose sides
* "One's a Heifer" (Sinclair Ross story, Rudi Dorn adaptation), starring Ed McNamara and his son Miles, concerning a farmer's disturbing behaviour towards a boy; *Toronto Telegram* television critic Bob Blackburn noted this episode was "an extremely effective mood piece. It has nothing to say but if it doesn't get your nerves on edge, nothing will."
* "Open House" (Joy Fielding writer), a thriller
* "Parallel 68" (John Reeves writer), likening the 416 BC invasion of Melos to the 1968 Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia
* "The Picnic" (Warren Collins writer)
* "Secret Weapons" (1972, David Cronenberg), film
* "Sniper" (Rudi Dorn writer), concerning a soldier whose lets his imagination about his life run wild while he pursues a gunman during a protest
* "The System" (Eric Koch and Frank McEnaney writers), a satire
* "Ten Women, Two Men, And A Moose" (adapted from Mia Anderson's play)
* "That Hamilton Woman", a one-woman show starring Barbara Hamilton
* David Watmough, a poet from Vancouver
* "Wind" by Norman Symonds, combining film with Symonds' music

James W. Nichol and Mavor Moore wrote other episodes of *Program X*, while directors during the series included David Cronenberg, George Jonas and Lorne Michaels.

A film by David Acomba was scheduled for *Program X* but withdrawn from broadcast ostensibly due to a failure to meet "broadcast standards", although media suggested the possibility of intervention by the Ontario Provincial Police in this case.

## InfoBox

| *Program X* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | anthology |
| Presented by | Charles Oberdorf |
| Country of origin | Canada |
| Original language | English |
| No. of seasons | 3 |
| Production | |
| Executive producer | Paddy Sampson |
| Running time | 30 minutes |
| Original release | |
| Network | CBC Television |
| Release | 17 December 1970 (1970-12-17) <br>15 June 1973 (1973-06-15) |


title: Who Killed AI?

abstract: Who Killed AI? is a studio album by Kenny Garrett and Svoy, released on April 12, 2024, on Mack Avenue Records. The album consists of seven non-stop compositions and was recorded mostly at Garrett's home with pre and post-production stages taking place at Svoy's residence in New Jersey. The album is the first electronic record by Garrett.

text:
# Who Killed AI?

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Paris Move* | (Indispensable) |
| *JazzViews.net* | (Favorable) |
| *AllMusic.com* |  |
| *UKvibe.org* |  |

***Who Killed AI?*** is a studio album by Kenny Garrett and Svoy, released on April 12, 2024, on Mack Avenue Records. The album consists of seven non-stop compositions and was recorded mostly at Garrett's home with pre and post-production stages taking place at Svoy's residence in New Jersey. The album is the first electronic record by Garrett.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Ascendence" | Kenny Garrett, Svoy | 3:53 |
| 2. | "Miles Running Down AI" | Kenny Garrett, Svoy | 5:11 |
| 3. | "Transcendence" | Kenny Garrett, Svoy | 5:12 |
| 4. | "Divergence Tu-Dah" | Kenny Garrett, Svoy | 5:10 |
| 5. | "Ladies" | Kenny Garrett, Svoy | 3:06 |
| 6. | "My Funny Valentine" | Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart | 6:16 |
| 7. | "Convergence" | Kenny Garrett, Svoy | 6:29 |

## Personnel

**Musicians**

* Kenny Garrett – alto & soprano saxophones, vocals
* Svoy – programming, vocals, piano, keyboards

**Production**

* Kenny Garrett – producer, assistant recording & mixing
* Svoy – producer, recording, mixing, mastering
* Timothy Cobb Passarella – art direction, design
* Romelle Cananizado – additional layout

## InfoBox

| Who Killed AI? | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Kenny Garrett, Svoy | |
| Released | April 12, 2024 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 35:20 |
| Label | Mack Avenue |
| Producer | * Kenny Garrett * Svoy |


abstract: Progress Chapter Three: Fifty Shades of Pain was a professional wrestling event promoted by Progress Wrestling. It took place on September 30, 2012, in London, England at The Garage.

text:
# Progress Chapter Three: Fifty Shades Of Pain

**Progress Chapter Three: Fifty Shades of Pain** was a professional wrestling event promoted by Progress Wrestling. It took place on September 30, 2012, in London, England at The Garage.

## Production

### Storylines

The event featured matches that were the result of scripted storylines, where wrestlers portrayed heroes, villains, or characters with ambiguous traits. These storylines built tension and culminated in wrestling matches or a series of matches. The outcomes of the matches were predetermined by Progress Wrestling's creative team, while the storylines were produced for Progress Wrestling's events, which were made available as VOD events on the Pivotshare service.

### Event

The event began with a singles match between Paul Robinson and Noam Dar, which ended with Dar securing the victory. Following that, Mark Andrews successfully defended the BWC Scarlo Scholarship Championship by defeating Xander Cooper. The third match featured a tag team bout, where James Davis and Rob Lynch triumphed over Danny Garnell and Darrell Allen. In the fourth match, Jimmy Havoc faced Jon Ryan in a singles contest. The match initially ended in disqualification, awarding the victory to Havoc. However, the match was restarted under Hardcore rules, and this time, Ryan emerged victorious. Next, RJ Singh defeated Rob Cage in a singles competition. In the semi-main event, Stixx overcame The Lion Kid. The main event saw Dave Mastiff and Greg Burridge defeating El Ligero and Nathan Cruz in a special tag team match with Marty Scurll serving as the guest referee.

## Results

| No. | Results | Stipulations | Times |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Noam Dar defeated Paul Robinson | Singles match | 11:42 |
| 2 | Mark Andrews (c) defeated Xander Cooper | Singles match for the BWC Scarlo Scholarship Championship | 8:52 |
| 3 | The London Riots (James Davis and Rob Lynch) defeated The Bastard Squad (Danny Garnell and Darrell Allen) | Tag team match | 12:25 |
| 4 | Jimmy Havoc defeated Jon Ryan by disqualification | Singles match | 3:35 |
| 5 | Jon Ryan defeated Jimmy Havoc | Hardcore match | 14:36 |
| 6 | RJ Singh defeated Rob Cage | Singles match | 7:27 |
| 7 | Stixx defeated The Lion Kid | Singles match | 12:20 |
| 8 | Dave Mastiff and Greg Burridge defeated El Ligero and Nathan Cruz | Tag team match
The special guest referee for the match was Marty Scurll. | 18:10 |
| (c)  – the champion(s) heading into the match | | | |

## InfoBox

| Progress Chapter Three: Fifty Shades of Pain | |
| --- | --- |
| Promotional poster of the event | |
| Promotion | Progress Wrestling |
| Date | September 30, 2012 |
| City | London, England |
| Venue | The Garage |
| Attendance | approx. 350 |
| Event chronology | |
| **Previous**
Chapter Two: The March of Progress **Next**
Chapter Four: The Ballad of El Ligero | |


title: Progress Chapter One: In The Beginning

abstract: The Progress Chapter One: In The Beginning was the inaugural professional wrestling event promoted by Progress Wrestling. It took place on March 25, 2012, in London, England at The Garage. The event mainly focused on the crowning of the inaugural PROGRESS World Champion via an eight-man single-elimination tournament which featured El Ligero, Noam Dar, Nathan Cruz, Colossus Kennedy, Mike Mason, Colt Cabana, Marty Scurll and Zack Sabre Jr..

text:
# Progress Chapter One: In The Beginning

The **Progress Chapter One: In The Beginning** was the inaugural professional wrestling event promoted by Progress Wrestling. It took place on March 25, 2012, in London, England at The Garage.

The event mainly focused on the crowning of the inaugural PROGRESS World Champion via an eight-man single-elimination tournament which featured El Ligero, Noam Dar, Nathan Cruz, Colossus Kennedy, Mike Mason, Colt Cabana, Marty Scurll and Zack Sabre Jr..

## Production

### Storylines

The event included matches that each resulted from scripted storylines, where wrestlers portrayed heroes, villains, or less distinguishable characters in scripted events that built tension and culminated in a wrestling match or series of matches. Results were predetermined by Progress' creative writers, while storylines were produced on Progress' events airing on the Pivotshare service as VOD events.

### Event

The event started with the first rounds of the Progress World title inaugural tournament in which El Ligero picked up a victory over Noam Dar. Next up, Nathan Cruz defeated Colossus Kennedy in the second first round match. Ongoing, Mike Mason outmatched Colt Cabana with help from his ringside valet (now real life ex-wife) Becky James. In the fourth match. Marty Scurll picked up a victory over Zack Sabre Jr.. The semi main event saw Xander Cooper retaining the BWC Scarlo Scholarship Championship, a short-lived independent title in a three-way match against Darrell Allen and Zack Gibson. In the main event, Nathan Cruz defeated El Ligero, Marty Scurll and Mike Mason in a four-way match to become the inaugural Progess World Champion.

## Results

| No. | Results | Stipulations | Times |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | El Ligero defeated Noam Dar | Singles match in the first round of the PROGRESS World Championship Tournament | 12:01 |
| 2 | Nathan Cruz defeated Colossus Kennedy | Singles match in the first round of the PROGRESS World Championship Tournament | 10:41 |
| 3 | Mike Mason (with Becky James) defeated Colt Cabana | Singles match in the first round of the PROGRESS World Championship Tournament | 10:07 |
| 4 | Marty Scurll defeated Zack Sabre Jr. | Singles match in the first round of the PROGRESS World Championship Tournament | 21:45 |
| 5 | Xander Cooper (c) defeated Darrell Allen and Zack Gibson | Three-way match for the BWC Scarlo Scholarship Championship | 13:44 |
| 6 | Nathan Cruz defeated El Ligero, Marty Scurll and Mike Mason | Four Way Elimination Match in the final of the PROGRESS World Championship Tournament | 26:05 |
| (c)  – the champion(s) heading into the match | | | |

### Inaugural Progress World Championship tournament

|
|  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | First Round
(Progress Chapter One: In The Beginning
March 25, 2012) | | |  |  | Final
(Progress Chapter One: In The Beginning
March 25, 2012) | | |
|  | || | |
|  |  | | | | |  | | |
|  | || |
|  | **Nathan Cruz** | | Pin | | |
|  | |  | | |  |
|  | Colossus Kennedy | | 10:41 | |  |  |
|  | |  | | |  |
|  | | |  | | | |
|  | | |  | | |
|  | | | Noam Dar | | 12:01 |
|  | |  | |  | **Nathan Cruz** | | Win |
|  | **El Ligero** | | | Pin | |  |  |
|  | |  | |  | El Ligero | | 26:05 |
|  |  | | | | |  |  |
|  | |  |  | Mike Mason | |  |
|  | **Mike Mason** | | | Pin | |  |  |
|  | |  | |  | Marty Scurll | |  |
|  | Colt Cabana | | | 10:07 | |  |  |
|  | |  | |  |  | | |
|  | | | |  | | |
|  | | | |
|  | | | | Zack Sabre Jr. | | 21:45 |
|  | |  | |  |
|  | **Marty Scurll** | | | Pin |  |  |
|  | |  | |  |

## InfoBox

| Progress Chapter One: In The Beginning | |
| --- | --- |
| Promotional poster of the event | |
| Promotion | Progress Wrestling |
| Date | March 25, 2012 |
| City | London, England |
| Venue | The Garage |
| Attendance | 323 |
| Event chronology | |
| **Previous**
*First* **Next**
Chapter Two: The March Of Progress | |


title: Prosoplus romani

abstract: Prosoplus romani is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1938.

text:
# Prosoplus romani

***Prosoplus romani*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1938.

## InfoBox

| *Prosoplus romani* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Tribe: | Pteropliini |
| Genus: | *Prosoplus* |
| Species: | ***P. romani*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Prosoplus romani***<br>Breuning, 1938 | |
|


title: Prosoplus rugulosus

abstract: Prosoplus rugulosus is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1938.

text:
# Prosoplus rugulosus

***Prosoplus rugulosus*** is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Stephan von Breuning in 1938.

## InfoBox

| *Prosoplus rugulosus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Cerambycidae |
| Tribe: | Pteropliini |
| Genus: | *Prosoplus* |
| Species: | ***P. rugulosus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Prosoplus rugulosus***<br>Breuning, 1938 | |
|