title: Tony Ene Asuquo

abstract: Chief Tony Ene Asuquo was a leader of the Bakassi Movement for Self-Determination, which seeked for the independence of Bakassi.

text:
# Tony Ene Asuquo

Chief **Tony Ene Asuquo** (1966 – August 15, 2006, near Calabar, Cross River State) was a leader of the Bakassi Movement for Self-Determination, which seeked for the independence of Bakassi.

## Life and career

He came to international knowledge after his group announced its intention on August 6, 2006, to seek the independence of Bakassi from Nigeria, which had recently lost an International Court of Justice case over the territory to Cameroon and was preparing, under then-president Olusegun Obasanjo, to hand over control of the territory to the Cameroonian military per the Greentree Agreement.

Prior to his death, Ene challenged the Green Tree Agreement in a Supreme Court case which listed him alongside 6 others - Chief Orok Eneyo, Chief Emmanuel Effiong Etene, Ndabu Eyo Umo Nakanda, Emmanuel Okokon Asuquo, Ita Okon Nyong, and Richard Ekpenyong \- as plaintiffs. The court case was won by the plaintiffs, but the federal government of Nigeria refused to recognize the judgment.

## Death

Ene died on August 15, 2006, en route to Calabar in a car accident in which 21 people, including Ene, died; he was travelling the Calabar-Itu road to petition to the state government of Cross Rivers for the release of Richard Ekpenyong, who was being detained by the State Security Service on the orders of then-governor Donald Duke.


title: Radučić

abstract: Radučić is a village in Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia. It is part of the municipality of Ervenik.

text:
# Radučić

**Radučić** (Serbian Cyrillic: Радучић) is a village in Šibenik-Knin County, Croatia. It is part of the municipality of Ervenik.

## InfoBox

| Radučić Радучић (Serbian) | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| RadučićLocation of Radučić in Croatia. | |
| Coordinates: 44°05′53″N 16°06′15″E / 44.09806°N 16.10417°E / 44.09806; 16.10417 | |
| Country | Croatia |
| County | Šibenik-Knin County |
| Municipality | Ervenik |
| Area | |
| Total | 28.9 km2 (11.2 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 297 m (974 ft) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 196 |
| Density | 6.8/km2 (18/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 22304 Radučić |
| Area code | (+385) 059 |
| Vehicle registration | ŠI |


title: Ma Fulu

abstract: Ma Fulu, a Chinese Muslim, was the son of General Ma Qianling and the brother of Ma Fucai, Ma Fushou and Ma Fuxiang. He was a middle born son. In 1880, Ma Fulu went to Beijing to take advanced military exams when he had an audience before the Emperor. He accidentally committed a faux pas since he did not know proper palace etiquette and subsequently served as a guard for the Emperor to make up for this incident. He studied at a martial arts hall and military school. In 1895, he served under general Dong Fuxiang, leading loyalist Chinese Muslims to crush a revolt by rebel Muslims in the Dungan revolt (1895–1896). His loyalist Muslim troops slaughtered and beheaded the rebel Muslims and his commanding officers received the heads of the rebels from Ma. In 1897, a military Jinshi degree was awarded to Ma Fulu. Ma was transferred along with his brother Ma Fuxiang and several cousins to serve as officers under General Dong Fuxiang to Beijing in 1898. During the Hundred Days' Reform in 1898, Dong Fuxiang, Ma Anliang and Ma Haiyan were called to Beijing and helped put an end to the reform movement along with Ma Fulu and Ma Fuxiang. During the Boxer Rebellion, the Muslim troops came to be known as the "Kansu Braves" and fought against the Eight Nation Alliance. Ma Fulu and Ma Fuxiang both participated in ambushing and driving back the Alliance forces at the Battle of Langfang during the Seymour Expedition, leading a force of Hui, Dongxiang, and Baoan Muslims to drive the Alliance back to Tianjin and personally leading a cavalry charge, cutting down enemy troops with his sword. Ma Fulu and four cousins of his were killed in action during the battle against the foreigners in Beijing, in 1900 during the Battle of Peking (1900) during a bloody battle at Zhengyang Gate. His paternal cousins Ma Fugui 馬福貴, Ma Fuquan 馬福全 and his paternal nephews Ma Yaotu 馬耀圖 and Ma Zhaotu 馬兆圖 died in the battle. 100 of his fellow Hui and Dongxiang soldiers from his home village were killed in action at the Zhengyang Gate in the Siege of Peking. He had commanded a brigade, his brother Ma Fuxiang took over his position after his death. Ma Fuxiang inherited Ma Fulu's army. He had a son, Ma Hongbin, who later became a General in charge of the 84th Army Corps. Ma Fuxing, a Hui who played an important part in the history of Xinjiang, served under Ma Fulu during the Boxer Rebellion. In the Second Sino-Japanese War, when the Japanese asked the Muslim General Ma Hongkui to defect and become head of a Muslim puppet state under the Japanese, Ma responded through Zhou Baihuang, the Ningxia Secretary of the Nationalist Party to remind the Japanese military chief of staff Itagaki Seishiro that many of his relatives fought and died in battle against Eight Nation Alliance forces during the Battle of Peking, including his uncle Ma Fulu, and that Japanese troops made up the majority of the Alliance forces so there would be no cooperation with the Japanese. Originally buried at a Hui cemetery in Beijing, in 1995 Ma Fulu's remains were moved by his descendants to Yangzhushan in Linxia County.

text:
# Ma Fulu

| Ma Fulu | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 馬福祿 |
| Simplified Chinese | 马福禄 |
| Transcriptions  Standard Mandarin  Hanyu Pinyin Mǎ Fúlù  other Mandarin  Xiao'erjing ﻣَﺎ فُ‌لُ | |
|  | |

**Ma Fulu** (Chinese: 马福禄; pinyin: *Mǎ Fúlù*, Xiao'erjing: ﻣَﺎ فُ‌لُ; 1854 – 1900), a Chinese Muslim, was the son of General Ma Qianling and the brother of Ma Fucai, Ma Fushou and Ma Fuxiang. He was a middle born son.

In 1880, Ma Fulu went to Beijing to take advanced military exams when he had an audience before the Emperor. He accidentally committed a faux pas since he did not know proper palace etiquette and subsequently served as a guard for the Emperor to make up for this incident.

He studied at a martial arts hall and military school. In 1895, he served under general Dong Fuxiang, leading loyalist Chinese Muslims to crush a revolt by rebel Muslims in the Dungan revolt (1895–1896). His loyalist Muslim troops slaughtered and beheaded the rebel Muslims and his commanding officers received the heads of the rebels from Ma. In 1897, a military Jinshi degree was awarded to Ma Fulu.

Ma was transferred along with his brother Ma Fuxiang and several cousins to serve as officers under General Dong Fuxiang to Beijing in 1898. During the Hundred Days' Reform in 1898, Dong Fuxiang, Ma Anliang and Ma Haiyan were called to Beijing and helped put an end to the reform movement along with Ma Fulu and Ma Fuxiang. During the Boxer Rebellion, the Muslim troops came to be known as the "Kansu Braves" and fought against the Eight Nation Alliance. Ma Fulu and Ma Fuxiang both participated in ambushing and driving back the Alliance forces at the Battle of Langfang during the Seymour Expedition, leading a force of Hui, Dongxiang, and Baoan Muslims to drive the Alliance back to Tianjin and personally leading a cavalry charge, cutting down enemy troops with his sword. Ma Fulu and four cousins of his were killed in action during the battle against the foreigners in Beijing, in 1900 during the Battle of Peking (1900) during a bloody battle at Zhengyang Gate. His paternal cousins Ma Fugui 馬福貴, Ma Fuquan 馬福全 and his paternal nephews Ma Yaotu 馬耀圖 and Ma Zhaotu 馬兆圖 died in the battle. 100 of his fellow Hui and Dongxiang soldiers from his home village were killed in action at the Zhengyang Gate in the Siege of Peking. He had commanded a brigade, his brother Ma Fuxiang took over his position after his death. Ma Fuxiang inherited Ma Fulu's army.

He had a son, Ma Hongbin, who later became a General in charge of the 84th Army Corps.

Ma Fuxing, a Hui who played an important part in the history of Xinjiang, served under Ma Fulu during the Boxer Rebellion.

In the Second Sino-Japanese War, when the Japanese asked the Muslim General Ma Hongkui to defect and become head of a Muslim puppet state under the Japanese, Ma responded through Zhou Baihuang, the Ningxia Secretary of the Nationalist Party to remind the Japanese military chief of staff Itagaki Seishiro that many of his relatives fought and died in battle against Eight Nation Alliance forces during the Battle of Peking, including his uncle Ma Fulu, and that Japanese troops made up the majority of the Alliance forces so there would be no cooperation with the Japanese.

Originally buried at a Hui cemetery in Beijing, in 1995 Ma Fulu's remains were moved by his descendants to Yangzhushan in Linxia County.

## InfoBox

| Ma Fulu | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 馬福祿 1854
Linxia County, Gansu, Qing dynasty |
| Died | 1900 (aged 45–46)
Beijing, Qing dynasty |
| Allegiance | Qing dynasty |
| Years of service | 1889–1900 |
| Unit | Kansu braves |
| Battles/wars | Dungan revolt (1895–1896) Boxer Rebellion |


title: Forwarding

abstract: Forwarding may refer to:

text:
# Forwarding

**Forwarding** may refer to:

## Computing and technology

* Call forwarding, a telephony feature that allows calls to one phone number to be forwarded to another number
* Cisco Express Forwarding, an advanced layer 3 switching technology used mainly on the enterprise core network or the Internet
* Mail forwarding, a service that redirects mail from one address to another
    + Email forwarding, the re-sending of an email message onward to another email address
* Operand forwarding in an instruction pipeline
* Packet forwarding, the relaying of packets from one network segment to another by nodes in a computer network
* Perfect forwarding, a feature of the programming language C++11
* Port forwarding, the act of forwarding a network port from one network node to another
* Reverse-path forwarding, a technique used in routers for ensuring loop-free forwarding of packets in multicast routing and to help prevent IP address spoofing in unicast routing
* URL redirection, also called URL forwarding, domain redirection and domain forwarding, a technique that forwards web page visitors to another page

## Other uses

* Freight forwarding, a service by which a freight forwarder dispatches shipments via common carriers
* Timber forwarding, the transport of logs from the stump to the forest road
* Repossession Forwarding is a service provided to automotive finance lenders to assist them in managing the repossession process.


title: William B. Scranton

abstract: William Benton Scranton was an American medical doctor and Methodist missionary in Korea.

text:
# William B. Scranton

**William Benton Scranton** (May 29, 1856 – March 23, 1922) was an American medical doctor and Methodist missionary in Korea.

## Biography

William B. Scranton was born on May 29, 1856, in New Haven, Connecticut, the son of William Talcott Scranton, a merchant, and Mary Fletcher Scranton. His father died when William Scranton was sixteen and moved to Ohio with his mother. He graduated from Yale University in 1878 and the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1882 and practiced as a medical doctor in Cleveland, Ohio for three years.

One of American missionaries for Japan, Robert S. Maclay, visited Korea in 1884 to seek permission from the king Gojong to start Methodist mission work, and he was granted limited permission to establish a Methodist mission only for educational and medical work. After receiving the news about the permission, the missionary society of the Methodist Episcopal Church selected Rev. Henry G. Appenzeller and Dr. William B. Scranton. Mary F. Scranton decided to accompany her only child, William Scranton, as an agent of the Methodist Woman's Foreign Missionary Society (WFMS).

William Scranton arrived in Japan in February 1885 with his wife, Loulie Wyeth Arms, and his mother for mission in Korea. Because of the political uncertainty in Korea caused by Gapsin Coup occurred in 1884, Scranton went alone to Korea, leaving his wife and mother in Japan. At the invitation from Dr. Horace N. Allen, a Presbyterian missionary in Korea, Scranton joined Gwang Hye Won, a western-style Royal hospital opened in early 1885, but soon decided to establish a separate Methodist hospital. In June 1885, Scranton's wife and mother were reunited with William Scranton at a newly purchased house near the U.S. legation in Seoul. Scranton converted the house for a Methodist dispensary and began receiving patients on September 10, 1885. The dispensary was expanded in 1886 to include 5 wards, and the king Gojong gave it the name *Si Pyung Won* (Korean: 시병원; Hanja: 施病院), meaning "the universal relief hospital."

After experiencing struggles with Merriman C. Harris, Scranton resigned from the Methodist mission in 1907 and became Anglican. He moved to Manchuria in 1916 and to Kobe, Japan, in 1917. Scranton had served as medical inspector for the American Consulate in Kobe until he died from pneumonia on March 23, 1922. He was cremated and the ashes interred in the Kobe Foreigners Cemetery located in Kasugano.

Brother Anthony of Taizé website, *The Early Years of the RASKB: 1900-1920*

## InfoBox

| William Benton Scranton | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1856-03-29)March 29, 1856
New Haven, Connecticut, U.S. |
| Died | March 23, 1922(1922-03-23) (aged 65)
Kobe, Hyogo, Japan |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation(s) | Missionary, Doctor |
| Known for | first Methodist missionary in Korea |


abstract: The Margaret Wrong Prize for African Literature was an annual prize for African literature which existed from 1950 until the early 1960s. Established in memory of the missionary and educational administrator Margaret Wrong, the prize was administered by the International Committee on Christian Literature for Africa. It was awarded for "original literary work by writers of African race resident in a part of Africa to be determined each year by the Trustees".

text:
# Margaret Wrong Prize for African Literature

The **Margaret Wrong Prize for African Literature** was an annual prize for African literature which existed from 1950 until the early 1960s. Established in memory of the missionary and educational administrator Margaret Wrong, the prize was administered by the International Committee on Christian Literature for Africa. It was awarded for "original literary work by writers of African race resident in a part of Africa to be determined each year by the Trustees".

## History

Margaret Wrong died in 1948. A year after Wrong's death, fourteen individuals - including Seth Irunsewe Kale, Rita Hinden, Lord Hailey, Ida Ward and Wrong's partner Margaret Read – wrote to *The Times* announcing the intention to establish a trust for a literary prize in Wrong's memory. A committee was formed, initially chaired by Gerald Hawkesworth and then by Christopher Cox, Educational Adviser to the Secretary of State for the Colonies.

The award was originally given to African writers in European languages and Afrikaans, with the recipient receiving both a silver medal and a money prize. In 1954, in reaction to "steady demand for the inclusion of African languages", the award of the silver medal (for writing in an African language) was separated from the money prize (for writing in a European language).

## Winners

| Year | Award | Author | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1950 | £5 Prize & Silver Medal | Gabriel-Adrien Ngbongbo, for *Abunawazi le méchant*. | Entries in "either English or French" from "Southern Sudan, Somaliland, Uganda, Tanganyika, Zanzibar, and the Belgian Congo." |
| 1951 | £5 Prize & Silver Medal | Abioseh Nicol, for 'The Devil of Yelahun Bridge'. | Entries in "English or French" from Gambia, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Gold Coast, Liberia, French West Africa, French Equatorial Africa, and French Cameroons." |
| 1952 | £5 Prize & Silver Medal | Óscar Ribas, for 'A Praga'. | Entries "in English or Portuguese" from "Northern and Southern Rhodesia, Nyasaland, Portuguese East Africa and Angola". |
| 1953 | Prize & Medal |  | Entries "in English, Afrikaans or French" from "the Union of South Africa, the High Commissions Territories and Madagasgar". |
| 1954 | £20 Prize | Issa Keita, for the essay 'L'Esprit de Conteur noir'. Also commended: F. James Oto and Bernard M. Onyango. | Entries in "English, French, Portuguese or Afrikaans" from "any part of Africa south of the Sahara". |
| 1954 | Silver Medal | Michael B. Nsimbi, for *Waggumbulizi*. | Entries in "an African language or Arabic", from "Belgian Congo (including Ruanda-Urundi), Southern Sudan, Uganda, Kenya, Tanganyika or Zanzibar". |
| 1955 | £20 Prize | Sannuo Lazare for 'Mon pays d'Hier'. | Entries in "English, French, Portuguese or Afrikaans" from "any part of Africa south of the Sahara". |
| 1955 | Silver Medal | D. O. Fagunwa for *Irinkerindo Ninu Igbo Elegbeje*. | Entries in "an African language" from "West Africa, including French West and French Equatorial Africa, Liberia, Gambia, Sierra Leone, Gold Coast, and Nigeria". |
| 1956 | £25 Prize | A. W. Kayper-Mensah for *Light in Jungle Africa*. Second prize (£10) to Wole Soyinka for *Oji River*, third prize (£5) to Asavia Wandira for *The Church Missionary Society in Bugosa District, Uganda*. | Entries in "English, French, Portuguese or Afrikaans" from "any part of Africa south of the Sahara". |
| 1956 | Silver Medal | M. C. Mainza, for *Kabuka Uleta Tunji*. |
| 1957 | Prize and Medal | James Ranisi Jolobe |  |
| 1958 | Prize and Medal | Alexis Kagame |  |
| 1959 |  | Chinua Achebe |  |
| 1960 | Prize and Medal | Shaaban Robert |  |
| 1961 | Prize & Medal | S. A. Mpashi |  |
| 1962 | Award | Mallam Abukbakar Imam for services as Hausa editor of *Gaskiye Ta Fi Kwabo*. Wole Soyinka for originality as a playwright. |  |


title: Life Peerages Act 1958

abstract: The Life Peerages Act 1958 established the modern standards for the creation of life peers by the Sovereign of the United Kingdom.

text:
# Life Peerages Act 1958

The **Life Peerages Act 1958** (6 & 7 Eliz. 2. c. 21) established the modern standards for the creation of life peers by the Sovereign of the United Kingdom.

## Background

This Act was passed during the Conservative governments of 1957–1964, when Harold Macmillan was Prime Minister. Elizabeth II had ascended to the throne just over five years before the Act. The Conservatives tried to introduce life peerages to modernise the House of Lords, give it more legitimacy, and respond to a decline in its numbers and attendance.

### Passage

The Life Peerages Bill was introduced into the House of Lords on 21 November 1957, and its second reading took place on 3 and 5 December 1957. Committee stage was taken on 17 and 18 December 1957. The bill was reported without amendment and given a third reading on 30 January 1958.

In the Commons, the second reading took place on 12 and 13 February 1958. The second reading debate was lengthy; the first day of second reading saw 21 speeches and 29 interruptions, while the second day contained 18 speeches, with 46 interruptions. The Labour Party opposed the Life Peerages Bill on Second Reading: Hugh Gaitskell made an impassioned speech against the proposals, arguing for a far more fundamental reform such as total dismantling of the Lords or a wholly elected house. At the end of the debate, an opposition amendment declining a second reading to the bill was defeated by 305 votes to 251. The bill was given a third reading on 2 April 1958 by 292 votes to 241 and received royal assent on 30 April 1958. The first batch of 14 life peers was announced on 24 July 1958.

## Summary

Prior to the Life Peerages Act 1958, membership in the House of Lords was strictly male and overwhelmingly based on possession of a hereditary title. There existed a few exceptions to the hereditary principle, such as for the Lords Spiritual. The Act made it possible for life peers of both sexes to be members of the Lords. Life peers are either barons (a title in existence since the Middle Ages; holders are usually known as *Lord* for all but the most formal documents) or baronesses (where female; conventionally they choose to be known as "Lady X" or "Baroness X" as preferred) and are members of the House of Lords for life, but their titles and membership in the House of Lords cannot be inherited by their children. Judicial life peers already sat in the House under the terms of the Appellate Jurisdiction Act 1876. The Life Peerages Act greatly increased the ability of prime ministers to change the composition of the House of Lords by permitting the creation of groups of life peers rather than hereditary peerages. This gradually diminished the numerical dominance of hereditary peers.

The Act allowed for the creation of female peers entitled to sit in the House of Lords. The first four such women peers were: Barbara Wootton and Stella Isaacs, who were sworn in on 21 October 1958, and Katharine Elliot and Irene Curzon, who took office the next day.

A life peer is created by the sovereign by letters patent under the Great Seal on the advice of the Prime Minister.

Before the Act was enacted, former prime ministers were usually created hereditary viscounts or earls in recognition of their public service in high office, as were the Viceroys of India and exceptional military or front bench figures, for example the former Secretary of State for India and earlier for Air, Viscount Stansgate, and retired Speakers of the House of Commons. The last prime minister and the last non-royal to be created an earl was coincidentally one of the 1958 Act's proponents, Harold Macmillan, on Margaret Thatcher's advice, in the 1980s. Since her time, only members of the Royal Family have been granted new hereditary peerages. In 2023, Prince Edward, already hereditary Earl of Wessex and Forfar, was made Duke of Edinburgh for life, though not under the Act.

## Historic approval and 1999 adjustment of House composition

In 1999, during the debate which secured the removal of the constitutional functions of most hereditary peers, the Minister for Constitutional Affairs, Geoff Hoon stated:

> The difference is, of course, that the Labour party lost the argument in 1958. The reform provided by the Life Peerages Act 1958 was a successful single-stage reform of the operation of the second Chamber. History has proved that the Labour party was wrong and Conservative Ministers were right in 1958.

After this agreed with a question from fellow Labour MP, Mark Fisher which stated:

> The White Paper—and all that I have heard from my right hon. Friend the President of the Council and Leader of the House of Commons—gave an absolute and clear commitment to a second stage \[of Lords Reform\], presaged by the Royal Commission

## Notes and references

Notes References  1. This article incorporates text published under the United Kingdom Open Parliament Licence: Evennett, Heather (27 June 2023). Life Peerages Act 1958: 65th anniversary (PDF) (Report). House of Lords Library.
2. Hansard HC Deb 16 March 1999 vol 327 cc932-99 at c983
3. "House of Lords Greets Its Peeresses; First Two Are Sworn In", *The Daily Telegraph* (London), October 22, 1958, p. 1
4. "A Changing House : the Life Peerages Act 1958". Archived from the original on 15 June 2008. Retrieved 18 March 2008.
5. "Disclaiming a peerage". London: BBC News. 14 July 2005. Retrieved 7 June 2008.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

Life Peerages Act 1958
| Act of Parliament | |
| --- | --- |
| Parliament of the United Kingdom | |
| Long title | An Act to make provision for the creation of life peerages carrying the right to sit and vote in the House of Lords. |
| Citation | 6 & 7 Eliz. 2. c. 21 |
| Dates | |
| Royal assent | 30 April 1958 |
| Other legislation | |
| Amended by | Constitutional Reform Act 2005 |
| Status: Amended | |
| Text of statute as originally enacted | |
| Revised text of statute as amended | |


title: Wells House, Ilkley

abstract: Wells House is a large former hydropathic establishment and hotel in Ilkley, West Yorkshire, England, now used as private apartments. It was built in 1854–56 to a design by the architect Cuthbert Brodrick and is a Grade II listed building. It is located above the town on Wells Road at the edge of Ilkley Moor, giving it an unobstructed view across Wharfedale from its north front. It was originally set in grounds by the landscaper Joshua Major though these gardens have mostly been built on since. Wells House possesses a monumental and sombre character, constructed in dark local stone using an Italianate style influenced by the work of John Vanbrugh and Charles Barry. Brodrick's biographer Derek Linstrum described it as a "miniature Blenheim Palace". Its original health purpose was to offer cold baths and water treatments, which were popular in the 19th century when Ilkley was a fashionable and affluent spa resort. After closure of the hydropathic establishment in the 1880s, it was used as a hotel, as a further education college from 1952, and was converted into 24 luxury apartments in 2003.

text:
# Wells House, Ilkley

**Wells House** is a large former hydropathic establishment and hotel in Ilkley, West Yorkshire, England, now used as private apartments. It was built in 1854–56 to a design by the architect Cuthbert Brodrick and is a Grade II listed building. It is located above the town on Wells Road at the edge of Ilkley Moor, giving it an unobstructed view across Wharfedale from its north front. It was originally set in grounds by the landscaper Joshua Major though these gardens have mostly been built on since.

Wells House possesses a monumental and sombre character, constructed in dark local stone using an Italianate style influenced by the work of John Vanbrugh and Charles Barry. Brodrick's biographer Derek Linstrum described it as a "miniature Blenheim Palace". Its original health purpose was to offer cold baths and water treatments, which were popular in the 19th century when Ilkley was a fashionable and affluent spa resort. After closure of the hydropathic establishment in the 1880s, it was used as a hotel, as a further education college from 1952, and was converted into 24 luxury apartments in 2003.

## History

Ilkley's first hydropathic establishment, designed around the principles of hydrotherapy or the cold water cure, a Victorian health fad which emerged in the early 1840s, was the Ben Rhydding Hydro, at Wheatley in 1843–4. Its success precipitated the development of a number of similar establishments in the town.

A group of Bradford businessmen, led by Benjamin Briggs Popplewell, formed the Wells House Hydropathic Company and acquired land, and in February 1854, commissioned the Hull-born and Leeds-based Cuthbert Brodrick to design their building. He was occupied with the construction of Leeds Town Hall but took on the Ilkley commission concurrently. It came at a cost of more than £30,000 (equivalent to £3,541,000 in 2023) and was completed by 1856, opening on 28 May. Because of its isolated, moorside location, Wells House is the only building by Brodrick known to have been surrounded by a designed landscape, the work of Joshua Major (1787–1856), a Yorkshire landscape gardener.

The most famous visitor to the Wells House Hydro was the naturalist Charles Darwin, who stayed with his family in October 1859. He undertook the "water cure" as well as walks on the Moor. Due to the unusually early winter, his daughter Henrietta described their stay as "a time of frozen misery". The family left Ilkley on 24 November, the day of publication of his work *On the Origin of Species*. Darwin finally left for London on 7 December, a stay of almost nine weeks.

By the 1880s, hydrotherapy began to decline as the benefits of the treatment were discredited. The building subsequently found a new use as a hotel for the next seventy years; this featured a Winter Gardens with sprung dance-floor, raised bandstand, and a 3-span roof supported by decorative arched cast-iron trusses built on top of the terrace. The impact of two world wars saw the hotel's closure.

The local authority took over the building and opened the Ilkley College of Housecraft in 1952, with parts of the grounds being developed to provide additional accommodation for the college over following years. Known as the "pud school", the institution became Ilkley College of Education and then merged with Bradford College to form Bradford and Ilkley College. The site (including ancillary buildings) which contained around 100 staff and 400 students, was considered too expensive to run and it was closed and sold in 1999. Later building additions were removed and the building and the surrounding site were scheduled for residential development.

Wells House is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a Grade II listed building, having been designated on 20 May 1976. Grade II is the lowest of the three grades of listing, and is applied to "buildings that are nationally important and of special interest". It also sits within the Ilkley Conservation Area.

The building was refurbished and converted into apartments between 2001–03 by the developer Magellan Residential, retaining some gardens to the north and west while residential properties occupy the rest of its grounds. The £7.5 million refurbishment, which centred the flats around a new glazed atrium in place of the courtyard, won Bradford District Design Award 2004 for Best Residential Conversion, RICS Pro-Yorkshire for Best Residential Scheme 2003 and the Ilkley Civic Society Award for Conservation 2003.

## Description

Clockwise from top left: rear (northern) elevation, internal atrium created from courtyard, entrance keystone head and rusticated segmental arch, 21st century housing in the grounds

Wells House has a generally symmetrical square design around an inner courtyard, with the building's main entrance to the south. It has three 9-bay storeys, and projecting 2-bay towers on each corner which add an attic storey, and which are each topped with four small cupolas and spires. The style of window varies by floor; segmental arches on the ground, round-headed with Gibbs surrounds on the first, and a surround of grooved pilaster strips on the second floor. The attic windows come in groups of three round-headed windows flanked by composite pilasters and separated by composite columns. Unusually, all windows retain their original timber sashes, with different pane sizes and patterns to each floor.

The masonry of the facade is richly textured and detailed; the ground storey and tower corners are faced with the "astrakhan"-type vermiculation used on parts of the Louvre, and smooth-faced ashlar walls to the upper storeys. An arched central doorway has a deeply recessed surround and carved keystone head.

Internally, the accommodation was spacious, featuring a hall with a cantilevered stair at each end with cast-iron balusters of unusual design using geometric shapes. The interior was described as:

> A noble dining room, calculated to dine comfortably from 80 to 100 guests, a large general public drawing room, a private drawing room for ladies only, a coffee room for general visitors, or those not wishing to join the company at the table d'hôte, a billiard room, thirteen private sitting rooms, and six bath rooms.
>
> John Mayhall, *The Annals of Yorkshire*, 1878

Plaster cornices and archways decorate the main corridors, with light entering through large lunettes which probably contained coloured glass. There are Greek ornaments over the doors and many marbled pilasters. In each spandrel of the arches which cross the corridors over each bay, is one of Brodrick's characteristic stylised rosettes. The building predominantly houses large numbers of single bedrooms, with double-suites in the corner towers. They were designed as plain and dignified with little decorative plasterwork and austere fireplaces. The original bathhouse had extensive facilities set in the basement under the adjacent terrace; marbled walls and encaustic tiled floors in the stair area are indicators of the original opulence.

### Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Wells House | |
| --- | --- |
| Wells House from the south west | |
|  | |
| Former names | Wells Hydro<br>Ilkley College of Education |
| General information | |
| Type | Hydropathic establishment / hotel |
| Architectural style | Italianate |
| Town or city | Ilkley, West Yorkshire |
| Coordinates | 53°55′12″N 1°49′34″W / 53.9200°N 1.8262°W / 53.9200; -1.8262 |
| Opened | 28 May 1856 |
| Renovated | 2001–03 |
| Cost | £30,000 |
| Renovation cost | £7.5 million |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Cuthbert Brodrick |
| Designations |  |
| Listed Building – Grade II | |
| Designated | 20 May 1976 |
| Reference no. | 1133469 |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Toronto Symphony Orchestra (Welsman)

abstract: The Toronto Symphony Orchestra (TSO) was a Canadian orchestra based in Toronto, Ontario that was active during the first two decades of the 20th century under the leadership of conductor and pianist Frank Welsman. It was the first professional orchestra that existed for any notable length in the city of Toronto. After 13 seasons of performance, the orchestra folded in 1918 because of problems related to World War I. The current Toronto Symphony Orchestra is unrelated to this one.

text:
# Toronto Symphony Orchestra (Welsman)

The **Toronto Symphony Orchestra** (TSO) was a Canadian orchestra based in Toronto, Ontario that was active during the first two decades of the 20th century under the leadership of conductor and pianist Frank Welsman. It was the first professional orchestra that existed for any notable length in the city of Toronto. After 13 seasons of performance, the orchestra folded in 1918 because of problems related to World War I. The current Toronto Symphony Orchestra is unrelated to this one.

## History

The TSO was founded in 1906 under the name the Toronto Conservatory Symphony Orchestra by Frank Welsman. The orchestra was originally formed as a student ensemble for the Toronto Conservatory of Music (TCM), and during its first two years the orchestra was made up of only students and faculty from the school. Faculty member and violinist Bertha Drechsler Adamson served as the orchestra's concertmistress.

In 1908 the TSO cut ties with the TCM and became an entirely professional orchestra that was governed by a board under the leadership of Toronto businessman H.C. Cox. The orchestra received financial support from the Massey family. At that time the orchestra was renamed the Toronto Symphony Orchestra. Welsman continued in his roles as conductor and artistic director, and many of the conservatory's faculty members continued to play with the orchestra. Frank Blachford was appointed the new concertmaster, and other professionals were hired at this time to raise the overall playing talent of the orchestra. Composer and cellist Leo Smith joined the orchestra in 1910 after leaving the orchestra of the Royal Opera House in London. He eventually became principal cellist of the ensemble and served as the author of the ensemble's program notes from 1910-1918. Some of the other notable musicians in the orchestra included Jack Arthur, Luigi Romanelli, and Harry Adaskin.

TSO gave its first full season of professional concerts in 1908 at Massey Hall. The orchestra concerts were popular events among Toronto's social elite. The TSO attempted to reach a different audience by establishing extra concerts of popular music in 1909 with ticket prices at just 25 cents.

During its history, the TSO mainly performed works from the standard German Classical and Romantic period repertoires, such as symphonies by Ludwig van Beethoven, Joseph Haydn, Felix Mendelssohn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, and Franz Schubert. In 1911 the ensemble gave a program entirely devoted to the works of Richard Wagner. Strangely absent from the orchestra's repertoire were the works of Johannes Brahms. The group also performed more rarely heard works, such as both of Karl Goldmark's symphonies and Richard Strauss's *Death and Transfiguration*.

Outside of the German repertoire, the TSO performed such works as Antonín Dvořák's Symphony No. 9, several symphonic works by Vasily Kalinnikov, and the final three symphonies by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky among others. In April 1911 the ensemble performed Edward Elgar's oratorio *The Dream of Gerontius* with the composer as guest conductor and the Sheffield Choir. A survey taken of audience members in 1913 revealed that the group's most popularly received works were Tchaikovsky's Symphony No. 6, Mendelssohn's *A Midsummer Night's Dream*, and Franz Liszt's *Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2*.

The TSO was host to many important musicians. Sergei Rachmaninoff notably performed his own Piano Concerto No. 2 with the orchestra in 1914. Other notable guests included pianists Wilhelm Backhaus and Vladimir de Pachmann; singers Clara Butt, Johanna Gadski, Alma Gluck, Louise Homer, Leo Slezak, and Ernestine Schumann-Heink; and violinists Mischa Elman, Carl Flesch, Fritz Kreisler, and Eugène Ysaÿe.

During World War I, the TSO began to experience financial difficulties and faced other war-related problems affecting travel, audience attendance, and the ability to keep its players. Ultimately, these problems compounded, and the orchestra disbanded in 1918.


title: RTHK 2020 awards

text:
# RTHK 2020 awards

Radio Television Hong Kong (RTHK) is a public broadcasting service in Hong Kong. The station produced and won many internationally awarded documentaries during the months-long 2019 Hong Kong Anti-Extradition protests.

## 2020 US International Film & Video Festival

| Number | Award Type | Video/Program Title | Category |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Gold Camera | This Week - *Black Mirror: Social Credit System And Big Data Life In China* ("Skyeye", "A Credit Score Is for Life", "The Plight of Dishonest Persons")
(Hong Kong) | Best of Festival Nominee - Documentary Documentary: News Specials |
| 2 | Gold Camera | *Hong Kong Stories The Quest Of Life - My Plants Journal* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: Biography |
| 3 | Gold Camera | *Hong Kong Stories #43 My Hometown - Homecoming Pride* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: Biography |
| 4 | Gold Camera | *"Hong Kong Connection: Minimal Force?"* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: News Specials |
| 5 | Silver Screen | *Cities In Lockdown* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: Public Affairs Programs |
| 6 | Silver Screen | *Hong Kong Connection: This Early Summer; Who Stole My Summer Vacation?* | Documentary: Continuing News Stories |
| 7 | Silver Screen | *Hong Kong Connection: Living in Fear for Disappearing* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: Current Affairs |
| 8 | Silver Screen | *Hong Kong Connection: Truth Is in the Eyes of The Believer* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: News Features/Segments |
| 9 | Certificate | *"\[Legco Review\] A Leaderless Uprising"* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: Breaking News Stories |
| 10 | Certificate | *\[Legco Review\] After The Umbrella Movement - The Verdict* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: News Features/Segments |
| 11 | Certificate | *His And Her Troublesome Family* (Hong Kong) | Entertainment: Family |
| 12 | Certificate | *Hong Kong Connection - Escape* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: Biography |
| 13 | Certificate | *Hong Kong Connection : 721 Yuen Long Nightmare* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: Investigative/Special Reports |
| 14 | Certificate | *Hong Kong Connection: Universities Turned Battlefields* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: Public Affairs Programs |
| 15 | Certificate | *In the Prisons That Don’t Exist* (Hong Kong) "Part 1"
"Part 2"
"Part 3" | Documentary: Public Affairs Programs |
| 16 | Certificate | *My Birthday : Keeping Memories Alive Through Love* (Hong Kong) | Documentary: Social Issues |
| 17 | Certificate | *My Way II - Music Is My Companion* (Hong Kong) | Education: Personal Growth and Development |
| 18 | Certificate | *Stories Of Autism* (Hong Kong) | Entertainment: Mini-Series |

## 2020 New York Festivals TV & Films Awards

| Number | Award Type | Video/Program Title | Category |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Gold | *RTHK TV31: Everyday Design - Design Sleeping* | Documentary Educational/Instructional |
| 2 | Gold | *The Pulse: In the Prisons That Don't Exist – Xinjiang's Re-education Camps* "Part 1"
"Part 2"
"Part 3" | Documentary Educational/Instructional |
| 3 | Silver | *Stories of Autism* | Entertainment Special: Mini-Series |
| 4 | Silver | *Hong Kong Connection - Sagas of '89: June Fourth/Iron Curtain/Searching/Forgetting/Remembering* | Series Entry News Program: Best News Documentary/Special |
| 5 | Bronze | *This Week: Black Mirror: Social Credit System and Big Data Life in China* | News Reports/Features: Special Report |
| 6 | Bronze | *The Opening of Sports Unlimited* | Promotion/Open and IDs: Sports Program Open and Titles |
| 7 | Bronze | *Stories of Autism – Fishball* | Craft Program: Best Performance by an Actor |
| 8 | Bronze | *RTHK TV31: Everyday Design - Design Adapting* | Documentary Magazine Format |
| 9 | Bronze | *Legco Review: A Leaderless Uprising* | News Program: Best Coverage of Breaking News |
| 10 | Finalist | *Taiwan Stories Ii: Tatala of Pongso No Tao* | Documentary: Social Issues |
| 11 | Finalist | *The Pulse: Freedom From Fear* | News Program: Best Coverage of Continuing News Story |
| 12 | Finalist | *Hong Kong Connection: 721 Yuen Long Nightmare* | News Program: Best Investigative Report |
| 13 | Finalist | *Hong Kong Connection: Creativity, Chinese Style* | Documentary: Social Issues |
| 14 | Finalist | *Hong Kong Connection: This Early Summer, Who Stole... My Summer Vacation?* | News Program: Best Coverage of Continuing News Story |
| 15 | Finalist | *Hong Kong Connection: Patrick Ho's List* | Documentary International Affairs |
| 16 | Finalist | *Vaccine Regulations - So Near Yet So Far* | News Program: Best News Documentary/Special |

## 2020 The Human Rights Press Awards

| number | Award | Title | Category |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Merit | *Express Delivery Company Embargoed* | Short Video |
| 2 | Winner | *Hong Kong Connection: Anti-Extradition Bill Movement Series* | Documentary Video |
| 3 | Merit | *In the Prisons That Don't Exist* "Part 1"
"Part 2"
"Part 3" | Documentary Video |
| 4 | Merit | *This Week - Black Mirror: Social Credit System and Big Data Life in China* \- "Skyeye"
\- "A Credit Score Is for Life"
\- "The Plight of Dishonest Persons" | Documentary Video |
| 5 | Winner | *The Exodus from Polytechnic University* | Audio |
| 6 | Merit | *Testimonies: Abuses in Concentration Camps in Xinjiang* | Audio |

## 2020 World Media Festivals

| number | Award | Title | Category |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Television and Corporate Media Intermedia-Globe Gold | *In the Prisons That Don’t Exist* "Part 1"
"Part 2"
"Part 3" | Documentaries | Human rights |
| 2 | Television and Corporate Media Intermedia-Globe Gold | *Frontline Volunteers at the Hong Kong 2019 Movement* "Silver Hair"
"First Aiders"
"Volunteer Lawyers" | News | Feature |


title: Mabel Hewit

abstract: Mabel Hewit (1903–1984) was an American woodblock print artist, particularly the white-line style of the Provincetown Printers.

text:
# Mabel Hewit

**Mabel Hewit** (1903–1984) was an American woodblock print artist, particularly the white-line style of the Provincetown Printers.

## Early life and education

Mabel Amelia Hewit was born in 1903 in Conneaut, Ohio, and was raised in Youngstown, where she graduated in 1921 from South High School. She attended Ohio State University, and graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1926. While there, she was a member of the Pen and Brush Club, Panhellenic Council, Zeta Tau Alpha, and Kappa Phi. She also was on the staff of ‘’Phoenix’’.

She then taught in Detroit and Youngstown's public schools. In 1932, she received her master's degree from the Teachers College, Columbia University. While at Columbia, she took art classes from Blanche Lazzell, who created woodblock prints using the white-line technique, at her studio at Provincetown, Massachusetts. She also took art lessons at the Summer School of Painting at Saugatuck, Michigan over sixteen summers.

## Career

| External images | |
| --- | --- |
| *Janitzio*, 1954 | |
| Several works by Hewit | |
| Slideshow, Cleveland Art Museum | |

During the Great Depression, in 1934, she moved to Cleveland with her sister, Ednah Jurey, a weaver and certified public accountant, and lived there and then Parma for the rest of her life. She had a studio in Cleveland.

Hewit made prints of city and small-town life from that time. Using the white-line woodblock technique, she created prints of women sunbathing at the beach, *The Ball Game* (1934), factories, and neighbors with gable-roofed house that reflect her interest in modernism in the slightly abstract forms. Her works reflect influence of 19th-century Japanese ukiyo-e woodblock prints, her study with Lazzell, and French works, like that of Paul Gauguin and Maurice Denis. She said that she liked "block printing because it gives the family of moderate means an opportunity to have something of color and art in their homes."

In 1946, she captured an outdoor scene of a couple playing chess in *Summer Chess*. She made *Janitzio* of an island of a Mexican lake in 1954 that "says 'early paradise' with extreme economy. She also made prints on fabric. She made watercolor paintings, lithograph prints, enamels on metal, and ceramics. Her enamel works, which were in the collection of the Cleveland Museum of Art, were exhibited in 1949.

She died in 1984. An exhibit of her work was held in 2010 at the Cleveland Museum of Art, with an accompanying book for the show, *Midwest Modern: The Color Woodcuts of Mabel Hewit*.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| Mabel Hewit | |
| --- | --- |
| Mabel A. Hewitt, Ohio State University Yearbook, 1926 | |
| Born | 1903<br>Conneaut, Ohio |
| Died | 1984 |
| Nationality | American |
| Education |  |
| Known for | White-line woodblock prints |


title: MVCML

abstract: Multiple-valued current mode logic (MVCML) or current mode multiple-valued logic (CM-MVL) is a method of representing electronic logic levels in analog CMOS circuits. In MVCML, logic levels are represented by multiples of a base current, Ibase, set to a certain value, x. Thus, level 0 is associated with the value of null, level 1 is associated with Ibase = x, level 2 is represented by Ibase = 2x, and so on.

text:
# MVCML

**Multiple-valued current mode logic** (MVCML) or current mode multiple-valued logic (CM-MVL) is a method of representing electronic logic levels in analog CMOS circuits. In MVCML, logic levels are represented by multiples of a base current, Ibase, set to a certain value, x. Thus, level 0 is associated with the value of null, level 1 is associated with Ibase = x, level 2 is represented by Ibase = 2x, and so on.


title: Forgotten Sunrise

abstract: Forgotten Sunrise is an Estonian industrial band founded in Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. Their sound has been described as "outdustrial" or "deathbeat" and compared to a mixture of Dead Can Dance, David Lynch, Katatonia, Celtic Frost and Clock DVA.

text:
# Forgotten Sunrise

**Forgotten Sunrise** is an Estonian industrial band founded in Tallinn, the capital of Estonia. Their sound has been described as "outdustrial" or "deathbeat" and compared to a mixture of Dead Can Dance, David Lynch, Katatonia, Celtic Frost and Clock DVA.

## History

### 19921994

Forgotten Sunrise was formed in summer 1992 as the result of common interest of Anders Melts and Jan Talts to make death metal in Estonia. Two friends with previous experiences, Margus Gustavson and Tarvo Valm, joined the yet unnamed band. After six months and having their first songs, in 1993 a demo “Behind The Abysmal Sky” was recorded. A few months later, a contract with a Finnish label, Rising Realm Records, was signed and by the end of the year the “Forever Sleeping Greystones” mini-CD had been recorded. The mini-album was released at the end of 1994. The band attracted a great deal of attention and played concerts until differences caused the drummer and the guitarist to leave the band.

### 19961999

With Renno Süvaoja and Tiiu Kiik joining the group, computers were now a part of the process of making the music. In the meantime the band's style had progressed and in 1996, Forgotten Sunrise basically started again from the beginning. A period of studies and experimenting followed until Forgotten Sunrise was again ready for the stage.

In 1997, they appeared with a new sound. Though old atmospheric death metal was mixed with trip hop, techno, folk and drum'n'bass merged with shoegaze and indie-pop, the dreary grim atmosphere and severe message were still intact. With the style the group itself called Deathbeat, the first promotional CD was out in 1999 and a self-released mini-album “a.Nimal f.Lesh" in 2000.

### 20032008

Forgotten Sunrise signed a two album contract with the Italian label, My Kingdom Music. The first album, *Ru:mipu:dus*, was released in January 2004 and before that a full-length single “Ple:se Disco-Nnect Me” was given out. The album received positive reviews. In 2005, the track “Never(k)now” was given out as a promotional single.

The second album, *Willand*, was recorded in fall 2005 and was released in spring 2007.

In 2006, Gerty Villo joined the band with keyboards and female vocals. In 2007, Pavel Torpan joined with guitars and *Different Knots of Ropelove*, a 12 track remix CD (including remixes by Alec Empire, Pehr Herb, Darkmen etc.), was released.

### 2009

A full-length CD-single, "The Moments When God Was Wrong", was self-released and the demo tape "Behind The Abysmal Sky" with a mini-CD "Forever Sleeping Greystones" with 7 live bonus tracks was re-released on CD.

### 2010

Ragnar Kivi joined the band with electronic drums.

## Members

### Present members

* Anders "Kuratino" Melts - vocals, bass, percussions, programming
* Kadri Sammel - keyboards, vocals, bass, programming, visuals
* Jaan "Suva" Pullerits - controlling the arrangements of chaos

### Former members

* Gerty Villo – keyboards, female vocals
* Pavel Torpan – guitars
* Ragnar Kivi - electronic drums
* Andrey Voinov – bass guitar
* Ott Evestus – drums
* Margus "George" Aro – keyboards
* Andrus Valtenberg – electronic instruments
* Jan Talts – bass guitar
* Keijo Koppel – guitar
* Margus "Kusti" Gustavson – guitar
* Meelis Looveer – programming
* Renno Süvaoja – guitar
* Riivo Torstenberg – bass guitar
* Tarvo Valm – drums
* Tiiu Kiik – female vocals, keyboards

## Discography

### Albums

* *Ru:mipu:dus* (2004)
* *Willand* (2007)
* *Cretinism* (2013)
* *elu* (2023)

### EPs / mini-albums

* *Behind The Abysmal Sky* (1993) demo
* *Forever Sleeping Greystones* (1994)
* *Forgotten Sunrise* (1999)
* *a.Nimal f.Lesh – Looma Liha* (2000)
* *Behind The Abysmal Sky* (2019) re-release

### Singles

* *Ple:se Disco-Nnect Me* (2003)
* *Never(k)now* (2005)
* *Different Knots of Ropelove* (2007)
* *The Moments When God Was Wrong* (2009)
* *Tule Eest* (2014)
* *Sepapoisid* (2015)
* *Guardian Curtains* (2016)
* *Dusturn* (2017)

### Compilations

* *Behind The Abysmal Sky / Forever Sleeping Greystones* (2009) re-release
* *Time Flies - Rare and Unreleased 1992-2012* (2012)
* *Dirty Years Of Sunraisk* (2022)
* *Behind The Abysmal Sky / Forever Sleeping Greystones* (2023) 12" re-release

## InfoBox

| Forgotten Sunrise | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Tallinn, Estonia |
| Genres | Industrial, experimental |
| Years active | 1992–present |
|  | |
| Members | Anders Melts
Kadri Sammel
Jaan Pullerits |
|  | |
| Past members | Gerty Villo
Pavel Torpan
Ragnar Kivi
Ott Evestus
Margus "George" Aro
Andrus Valtenberg
Jan Talts
Keijo Koppel
Margus "Kusti" Gustavson
Meelis Looveer
Renno Süvaoja
Riivo Torstenberg
Tiiu Kiik
Tarvo Valm
Andrey Voinov |
|  | |
| Website | www.forgottensunrise.com |


title: William B. Saunders

abstract: William B. Saunders was an American football, basketball, and baseball coach and college athletics administrator. He played college football at Mississippi Agricultural & Mechanical College—now known as Mississippi State University—and is also said to have played at Auburn University and the Georgia Institute of Technology. Saunders served as the head football coach (1928–1929), head basketball coach (1928–1930) and head baseball coach (1929–1930) at Mississippi State Teachers College—now known as the University of Southern Mississippi. Saunders was a native of Greenville, Mississippi. He died at the age of 80, on August 14, 1977, at Mississippi Baptist Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi.

text:
# William B. Saunders

**William B. Saunders** (September 23, 1896 – August 14, 1977) was an American football, basketball, and baseball coach and college athletics administrator. He played college football at Mississippi Agricultural & Mechanical College—now known as Mississippi State University—and is also said to have played at Auburn University and the Georgia Institute of Technology. Saunders served as the head football coach (1928–1929), head basketball coach (1928–1930) and head baseball coach (1929–1930) at Mississippi State Teachers College—now known as the University of Southern Mississippi.

Saunders was a native of Greenville, Mississippi. He died at the age of 80, on August 14, 1977, at Mississippi Baptist Medical Center in Jackson, Mississippi.

## Head coaching record

### College football

| Year | Team | Overall | Conference | Standing | Bowl/playoffs |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Mississippi State Teachers Yellow Jackets** *(Independent)* (1928–1929) | | | | | | | | |
| 1928 | Mississippi State Teachers | 4–5 |  |  |  |
| 1929 | Mississippi State Teachers | 2–6–1 |  |  |  |
| **Mississippi State Teachers:** | | 6–11–1 |  |  | | | | |
| **Total:** | | 6–11–1 |  | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

Williams B. Saunders
| Biographical details | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1896-08-23)August 23, 1896 |
| Died | August 14, 1977(1977-08-14) (aged 80)
Jackson, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Playing career | |
| Football | |
| 1922 | Mississippi A&M |
|  | |
| Coaching career (HC unless noted) | |
| Football | |
| 1926–1927 | Tupelo HS (MS) |
| 1928–1929 | Mississippi State Teachers |
| Basketball | |
| 1928–1930 | Mississippi State Teachers |
| Baseball | |
| 1929–1930 | Mississippi State Teachers |
|  | |
| Administrative career (AD unless noted) | |
| 1928–1949 | Mississippi State Teachers / Mississippi Southern |
|  | |
| Head coaching record | |
| Overall | 6–11–1 (college football)
12–13 (college basketball)
3–20 (college baseball) |
|  | |


title: Utetheisa

abstract: Utetheisa is a genus of tiger moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1819.

text:
# Utetheisa

***Utetheisa*** is a genus of tiger moths in the family Erebidae. The genus was first described by Jacob Hübner in 1819.

## Description

Palpi porrect (extending forward), extending beyond the frons. Antennae ciliated. Forewings long and narrow, where the outer margin is short and somewhat erect. Vein 3 from before angle of cell. Veins 4 and 5 from angle, vein 6 from upper angle and vein 7 to 10 from a short areole. Hindwing with vein 5 from above angle of cell. Vein 6 and 7 from upper angle and vein 8 from middle of cell.

Caterpillars of many *Utetheisa* species feed on *Crotalaria* (rattlebox), and hence the genus as a whole is often called **rattlebox moths**. The adults usually have bright aposematic coloration and contain toxic pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which are used as a chemical defense and are also incorporated into the sex pheromones of the males.

## Taxonomy

The members of its subgenera *Pitasila*, *Atasca*, and *Raanya* were formerly included in *Nyctemera*. *Utetheisa* is placed in the tribe Callimorphina or in the Nyctemerina; some treatments merge the two subtribes.

*Utetheisa* is monophyletic.

## Selected species

Species of *Utetheisa* include:

**Subgenus *Utetheisa***

**Subgenus *Atasca***

**Subgenus *Raanya***

**Subgenus *Pitasila***

## Further reading

* Jordan, K., 1939: On the constancy and variability of the differences between the Old World species of *Utetheisa* (Lepid.; Arctiidae). *Novitates Zoologicae* **41**: 251–291, London and Aylesbury.
* Perrott, D. C., \[1967\] 1966: Records of the arctiid genus *Utetheisa* in New Zealand. *New Zealand Entomologist* **3** (5): 3–4.
* Robinson, G. S., 1971: The genus *Utetheisa* Hübner in Fiji with description of a new species (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae). *The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation* **83** (5): 123–130.
* Robinson, G. & H. S. Robinson, 1974: Notes on the genus *Utetheisa* Hübner (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae) in the Western Pacific with larval descriptions. *The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation* **86** (5–6): 160–163.
* Robinson, G. & H. S. Robinson., 1979-1980: Further observations on the species of *Utetheisa* Hübner (Lep.: Arctiidae) in the Western and Central Pacific, with the description of a new species from Niue Island. *The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation* **91** (10): 270–273; **91** (11–12): 319–322, pl. 9; **92** (1): 13-16.
* Roepke, W., 1941: On the Javanese species of the genus *Utetheisa* Hb. (Lep. Het., fam. Arctiidae). *Tijdschrift voor Entomologie* **84**: 1–9, 4 figs., Amsterdam.

## InfoBox

| *Utetheisa* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Utetheisa sumatrana* imago | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Superfamily: | Noctuoidea |
| Family: | Erebidae |
| Subfamily: | Arctiinae |
| Subtribe: | Callimorphina |
| Genus: | *Utetheisa*
Hübner, \[1819\] |
|
| Type species | |
| *Phalaena ornatrix*
Linnaeus, 1758 | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Atasca* Swinhoe, 1892 * *Deiopeia* Curtis, 1827 * *Deiopeia* Stephens, 1829 (*non* Curtis, 1827: preoccupied) * *Exitelica* Turner, 1921 * *Pitasila* Moore, 1877 * *Raanya* De Vos, 2007 * *Utethesia* (*lapsus*) * *Uthetheisa* (*lapsus*) | |


title: Liberty! The Saga of Sycamore Shoals

abstract: Liberty! The Saga of Sycamore Shoals, formerly known as The Wataugans, is an outdoor historical drama that takes place in Elizabethton, Tennessee, at the Sycamore Shoals Historic Area. Designated the official outdoor drama of the state of Tennessee, it is presented by the Friends of Sycamore Shoals every June each night of the first four weekends. Employing a mixed cast of volunteering professional and amateur local actors and re-enactors engaged through an open casting call, Liberty depicts the early history of the area that is now northeast Tennessee.

text:
# Liberty! The Saga of Sycamore Shoals

***Liberty! The Saga of Sycamore Shoals***, formerly known as ***The Wataugans***, is an outdoor historical drama that takes place in Elizabethton, Tennessee, at the Sycamore Shoals Historic Area. Designated the official outdoor drama of the state of Tennessee, it is presented by the Friends of Sycamore Shoals every June each night of the first four weekends (Fri-Sat the first two weeks and Thurs-Sat the second two weeks). Employing a mixed cast of volunteering professional and amateur local actors and re-enactors engaged through an open casting call, Liberty depicts the early history of the area that is now northeast Tennessee.

## Plot

### Act I

The early settlers along the Holston and Watauga Rivers in modern East Tennessee find themselves outside the jurisdiction of North Carolina and Virginia, and, in 1772, form a government of their own, the Watauga Association, described by such historians as Theodore Roosevelt as the first free and independent government (at least by men of European descent) on the American continent. At the time, it was regarded by John Murray, 4th Earl of Dunmore, royal governor of Virginia, as an attempt to set up a 'Separate State,' which made it 'a dangerous example' to other disaffected colonists.

In 1775, Judge Richard Henderson's Transylvania Purchase, buying most of modern Kentucky and Middle Tennessee from the Cherokee Indians is opposed by the young warrior Dragging Canoe. He and his followers also oppose the purchase by the Watauga Association of the land they currently occupy. Although most of the older chiefs, including Dragging Canoe's father Atta-culla-culla, favour peace with the white settlers, the younger warriors attack the settlements in the area, bringing the act to a climax with the 1776 attack on the reproduction of Fort Watauga (more properly known as Fort Caswell) that has stood in the park since the 1970s. In the battle, John Sevier, who would later be the only governor of the State of Franklin and the first governor of the State of Tennessee, meets his second wife, the high-spirited and athletic Catherine Sherrill, pulling her over the wall of the fort after her running leap made while fleeing from the Cherokees.

Act I concludes with the breaking of the siege and news of the Declaration of Independence.

### Act II

The 1780 wedding of John Sevier and 'Bonnie Kate' Sherrill is interrupted by a messenger with news of the war being fought against the British on the other side of the Appalachian Mountains. Major Patrick Ferguson, a British officer assigned to lead American Loyalist Militia in pacifying the rebellion in the west, has threatened to march over the mountains, hang the leaders, and lay waste to the country with fire and sword. Local leaders attending the wedding agree to muster the local militia on September 25, 1780, and march over the mountains to meet Ferguson before he can endanger their families. The ensuing march, culminating in the Battle of Kings Mountain, earned the participants the nickname "Overmountain Men," and their victory over the British is sometimes referred to as the turning point of the American Revolution in the South.

The drama depicts the battle in the distance on a small hill beside the fort that serves as a backdrop for the entire performance. The distant battle is accompanied by narration and exciting (yet loud) fireworks and gunfire.

During the absence of the militia, the women of the settlement and the few remaining men (one out of seven were drafted to stay behind) defend themselves from the Cherokee and British Indian agents.

The drama concludes with the return of the Overmountain Men and a brief narration of the later accomplishments of some of their more prominent members, like Landon Carter.

## History

Due to legal problems, "The Wataugans" was rewritten, and obtained a new name. After the change, the drama was performed in Nashville for one weekend.

For its twenty ninth Season, 2007, the title "The Wataugans" was changed to "Liberty! The Saga of Sycamore Shoals." The Watauga Historical Association is no longer in existence, replaced as the primary backer for the play by the Friends of Sycamore Shoals State Historic Park.

"Liberty!" was made Tennessee's official outdoor drama by the Tennessee General Assembly in 2009.


title: Toyon Canyon Landfill

abstract: The Toyon Canyon Landfill is located within Griffith Park in the Los Feliz hillside neighborhood of greater Hollywood in central Los Angeles, California in the Santa Monica Mountains. The landfill began filling in 1957 and ended in 1985. A lawsuit in 1959 attempted to stop the project but was unsuccessful. There was a move in the 1980s to expand the landfill into Royce's Canyon to the northwest, but that was defeated. Landfill gas is collected from the decomposing waste and used for power generation. The landfill is managed by the Los Angeles Bureau of Sanitation which plans to have "low intensity open meadow area intended for passive recreational activities". The landfill was closed in accordance with the specifications of regulatory agencies in December 31, 2008. The landfill is maintained and monitored in accordance with SCAQMD 1150.1, provisions of AB 32, and other regulations for at least 30 years. The landfill is being landscaped with native plants such as toyon, oak, California poppy, lupine and others, while non-native plants such as mustard and tumbleweed are being actively removed. In June 2012 the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board approved a revised Waste Discharge Requirements (permit) for Toyon Canyon, after opportunity for public input. It took effect July 1, 2012. The landfill is clearly visible from California State Route 2, Route 134 and I-5 freeways in Los Angeles and from the surrounding hillsides. It is also visible on Google Earth. During the May 2007 fire in Griffith Park, the helispot was used to help fight the fire.

text:
# Toyon Canyon Landfill

The **Toyon Canyon Landfill** is located within Griffith Park in the Los Feliz hillside neighborhood of greater Hollywood in central Los Angeles, California in the Santa Monica Mountains. The landfill began filling in 1957 and ended in 1985. A lawsuit in 1959 attempted to stop the project but was unsuccessful. There was a move in the 1980s to expand the landfill into Royce's Canyon to the northwest, but that was defeated.

Landfill gas is collected from the decomposing waste and used for power generation. The landfill is managed by the Los Angeles Bureau of Sanitation which plans to have "low intensity open meadow area intended for passive recreational activities". The landfill was closed in accordance with the specifications of regulatory agencies in December 31, 2008. The landfill is maintained and monitored in accordance with SCAQMD 1150.1, provisions of AB 32, and other regulations for at least 30 years. The landfill is being landscaped with native plants such as toyon, oak, California poppy, lupine and others, while non-native plants such as mustard and tumbleweed are being actively removed.

In June 2012 the Los Angeles Regional Water Quality Control Board approved a revised Waste Discharge Requirements (permit) for Toyon Canyon, after opportunity for public input. It took effect July 1, 2012.

The landfill is clearly visible from California State Route 2, Route 134 (Ventura Freeway) and I-5 freeways in Los Angeles and from the surrounding hillsides. It is also visible on Google Earth. ( 34° 8'38.36"N 118°18'6.29"W)

During the May 2007 fire in Griffith Park, the helispot was used to help fight the fire.

## Technical data

34°08′38.36″N 118°18′06.29″W / 34.1439889°N 118.3017472°W / 34.1439889; -118.3017472


title: Wells Island

abstract: Wells Island is a bar island in Tyler County, West Virginia on the Ohio River. In 1891, the Board on Geographic Names officially decided upon Wells Island as the island's name. It lies to the southwest of Sistersville. Wells Island is protected as part of the Ohio River Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

text:
# Wells Island

**Wells Island** is a bar island in Tyler County, West Virginia on the Ohio River. In 1891, the Board on Geographic Names officially decided upon **Wells Island** as the island's name. It lies to the southwest of Sistersville. Wells Island is protected as part of the Ohio River Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

## InfoBox

Wells Island
| Wells Island | |
| --- | --- |
| Geography | |
| Location | Ohio River, West Virginia |
| Coordinates | 39°33′01″N 81°01′10″W / 39.5503530°N 81.0195526°W / 39.5503530; -81.0195526 |
| Administration | |
| **United States** | |


title: Rainier cherry

abstract: Rainier is a cultivar of cherry. It was developed in 1952 at Washington State University by Harold Fogle, and named after Mount Rainier. It is a cross between the Bing and Van cultivars. Rainiers are considered a premium type of cherry. They are sweet with a thin skin and thick creamy-yellow flesh. The cherries are susceptible to temperature, wind, and rain, and the flesh is generally more watery than other sweet cherries. Rainiers are grown mainly in the Northwestern United States region, in the states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming. Washington state is the top producer.

text:
# Rainier cherry

**Rainier** (/rˈnɪər/ *ray-NEER*) is a cultivar of cherry. It was developed in 1952 at Washington State University by Harold Fogle, and named after Mount Rainier. It is a cross between the Bing and Van cultivars.

Rainiers are considered a premium type of cherry. They are sweet with a thin skin and thick creamy-yellow flesh. The cherries are susceptible to temperature, wind, and rain, and the flesh is generally more watery than other sweet cherries.

Rainiers are grown mainly in the Northwestern United States region, in the states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana, Utah, and Wyoming. Washington state is the top producer.

## Plant facts

The standard rootstock for the Rainier cherry is the Mazzard cherry, a wild or seedling sweet cherry used as grafting stock. Mature Rainier trees reach a height of 30 to 35 feet and are widely adaptable to various soil types. Trees should be well spaced to provide maximum sun exposure for individual branches, ensuring fully developed, sweet, ripe fruit at harvest time. Rainiers will produce fruit in 3 to 5 years, with a bloom period in early April. The creamy light yellow to medium yellow-orange fruit develops a red blush and is ready to harvest from late June through early July. Rainier cultivars require pollination. Typical pollenizers are the Bing, Van, Lapins, Black Tartarian, and Lambert cultivars. Rainiers grow best in USDA Zones 4–9. It is one of the most cold-hardy sweet cherries.

## InfoBox

| Rainier cherry | |
| --- | --- |
| Rainier cherries from the state of Washington, USA | |
| Genus | *Prunus* |
| Species | *Prunus avium* |
| Cultivar | 'Rainier' |
| Breeder | Harold Fogle |
| Origin | Washington State University, in 1952 |


title: Two by Four

abstract: Two by Four, released in 1989 by the EmArcy label, is a collection of duets by jazz acoustic bassist Marc Johnson. His duet partners include vibraphonist Gary Burton and harmonica virtuoso Toots Thielemans.

text:
# Two by Four

***Two by Four***, released in 1989 by the EmArcy label, is a collection of duets by jazz acoustic bassist Marc Johnson. His duet partners include vibraphonist Gary Burton and harmonica virtuoso Toots Thielemans.

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Allmusic* |  |
| *Penguin Guide to Jazz* |  |
| *The Virgin Encyclopedia of Jazz* |  |

## Review

This album is a series of duets led by Marc Johnson, who served with distinction as the bassist in Bill Evans' last trio. Here *Two By Four* Harmonica player extraordinaire Toots Thielemans joins Johnson for a beautifully strutting take of "Killer Joe," afollowed by an amazingly soft and subtle take of "Spartacus Love Theme" by Alex North, a favorite of Evans that Johnson never got the opportunity to play with him. *Two By Four* song «Goodbye Porkpie Hat» is done with a very effectfull slow arrangement. Vibraphonist Gary Burton also appears on three tracks, opened by «Monk's Dream», and with a dreamy take of the melancholy «Gary's Theme» and gorgeous version of Evans' «Time Remembered». Pianist Makoto Ozone also appears on three duets, proving to be suitable choice as well, giving an inspired version of Johnsons rather challenging «Miss Teri», Ozone is also up to the rapid-fire, uptempo post-bop «One Finger Snap» by Herbie Hancock. Singer Lucy Crane is the widow of Fred Crane, an early teacher and mentor of Johnson, and probably not familiar to the jazz audience, as this was the major label debut. She provides spirited vocals on both «Beautyful Love» and «Ain't Misbehaven'». *Two By Four* was one of the best album releases in 1989.

## Reception

The Allmusic review by Ken Dryden awarded the album 4½ stars stating "This series of duets featuring bassist Marc Johnson with different guests could be considered a tribute to Bill Evans, because it includes such a number of songs associated with the late pianist (though only one is an Evans composition)".

## Track listing

1. Killer Joe (4:40) (B. Golson)
2. Spartacus – Love Theme (3:40) (A. North)
3. Dinner For One Please, James (6:40) (M. Carr)
4. One Finger Snap (4:17) (H. Hancock)
5. Miss Teri (5:58) (M. Johnson)
6. Monk's Dream (3:51) (T. Monk)
7. Gary's Theme (6:39) (G. McFarland)
8. Beautyful Love (3:16) (H. Gillespie/V. Young/W. King/E.V. Alstyne)
9. Ain't Misbehaven' (2:57) (F. Waller/Harry Brooks)
10. Time Remembered (5:24) (B. Evans)
11. Goodbye Pork Pie Hat (5:05) (C. Mingus)

## Personnel

* April 17 & 18, 1989 at Cinton Recording Studio, New York

## InfoBox

| Two by Four | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Marc Johnson | |
| Released | 1989 |
| Recorded | April 17–18, 1989 |
| Studio | Clinton Recording Studio, New York. |
| Genre | Post-Bop Jazz |
| Length | 53:01 |
| Label | Verve/EmArcy (January 19, 1991) 842 233-2 |
| Producer | Kiyoshi "Boxman" Koyama |
| Marc Johnson chronology | |
| *Second Sight*
(1987) ***Two by Four***
(1989) *Right Brain Patrol*
(1991) | |


title: MVD Entertainment Group

abstract: MVD Entertainment Group, is an American independent production company and film distributor based in Pottstown, Pennsylvania, consisting of three main departments MVD Visual, MVD Audio, and MVD Distribution. The company was founded by Tom Seaman in 1986 and today has released over 8,000 titles.

text:
# MVD Entertainment Group

**MVD Entertainment Group**, (previously Music Video Distributors, Inc.) is an American independent production company and film distributor based in Pottstown, Pennsylvania, consisting of three main departments MVD Visual, MVD Audio, and MVD Distribution.

The company was founded by Tom Seaman in 1986 and today has released over 8,000 titles.

## Home video labels

### MVD Rewind Collections

In 2017, the company launched a line of Blu-ray releases called the MVD Rewind Collection. The line features cult movies not previously released on Blu-ray in North America, and some that were never even released on DVD. Each release is numbered and features a slipcover that gives a throw-back look of a weathered VHS case. The line does not focus on any particular genre, as was shown with the announcement of their first two releases, the punk music documentary *D.O.A.: A Rite of Passage* and the cult horror film *Attack of the Killer Tomatoes*.

In 2023, the company launched a line of 4K Blu-ray releases called the MVD Rewind LaserVision Collection. {

### MVD Marquee Collection and MVD Classics

In 2018, MVD announced they would add two new labels. The first one, MVD Marquee Collection, features Blu-ray releases of catalog titles that were too new to be considered cult. The line includes new to Blu-ray movies as well as re-releases of out of print titles. The other one, MVD Classics, will feature more obscure movies which may be released on DVD if an HD master isn't available. Unlike the Rewind Collection, neither of the lines are numbered.

## InfoBox

MVD Entertainment Group
| Company type | Production company, film distribution |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1986 |
| Founder | Tom Seaman |
| Headquarters | Pottstown, Pennsylvania, United States |
| Website | mvdentertainment.com |


title: Fort Hoskins

abstract: Fort Hoskins was one of three "forts" built by the U.S. Army to monitor the Coastal Indian Reservation in Oregon Territory in the mid-19th century. The Fort Hoskins Site is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fort Hoskins was garrisoned by a number of companies of soldiers throughout its short existence, and future Union Civil War generals Christopher Columbus Augur and Phil Sheridan were stationed there.

text:
# Fort Hoskins

**Fort Hoskins** was one of three "forts" (which were actually unfortified posts) built by the U.S. Army to monitor the Coastal Indian Reservation in Oregon Territory (later the U.S. State of Oregon) in the mid-19th century. The **Fort Hoskins Site** is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Fort Hoskins was garrisoned by a number of companies of soldiers throughout its short existence, and future Union Civil War generals Christopher Columbus Augur and Phil Sheridan were stationed there.

## History

Construction on the post began in 1856 on the Luckiamute River under the supervision of then Captain Christopher C. Augur. Fort Hoskins was finished in 1857, with then-lieutenant Philip Sheridan in charge, and was named after Lt. Charles Hoskins, who had died in the Mexican–American War. The fort was located about 19 miles northwest of Corvallis.

Captain Augur was assigned to Fort Hoskins as its first post commander from 25 July 1856 to 2 July 1861. He and his growing family became the first occupants of their newly constructed residence on Fort Hoskin's "Officer's Row." 2nd Lt. Phil Sheridan oversaw the construction of Fort Hoskins during this period. Two soldiers who were stationed at the fort during the American Civil War kept journals of their experiences: Royal A. Bensell and William M. Hilleary. Their accounts are of unmitigated boredom and dampness, but they provide a good picture of 19th-century life in the area.

Fort Hoskins played an indirectly important role in local and state history because of the leadership of several out-of-state soldiers who decided to stay in the area after they were mustered out of the army. Several placenames in the area, such as Kings Valley, are connected with these soldiers. The fort never saw any action, though a bloodless insurrection by Native Americans at Yaquina Bay was put down by the soldiers. After the Civil War ended, it was discovered that Fort Hoskins had been an outpost of interest to the former Confederate government. Fort Hoskins was abandoned in 1865.

## Archeological site

The site of the fort was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

In 2002, Benton County opened the site as **Fort Hoskins Historical Park**. In 2012, the fort commander's house was moved back to its original site at Fort Hoskins from nearby Pedee, where it had been moved after the fort was closed. In 2015, Benton County approved funds for an exterior restoration of the house.

## Community and post office

The community of **Hoskins** was located at 44°40′36″N 123°28′07″W / 44.6767857°N 123.4687151°W / 44.6767857; -123.4687151 west of Oregon Route 223's intersection with Hoskins Road, northwest of Wren and southwest of Kings Valley. Hoskins post office, named for the long-abandoned fort, was established in 1891 and ran until 1965. Hoskins was a station on and the headquarters of the Valley and Siletz Railroad and a mercantile community, including a tavern and a store, grew up around the railroad. Railroad infrastructure at Hoskins included a yard and a roundhouse, as well a shop building constructed around 1914. In 1915, the population of Hoskins was 150, and the community had a school. At one time there was a covered bridge across the Luckiamute at this location. According to author Ralph Friedman the yards, roundhouse, and covered bridge were all gone by 1990, and the only business remaining by 1972 was the tavern. The James Watson House, part of the National Register of Historic Places-listed Watson–Price Farmstead in Hoskins was built in the 1850s is thought to be the first plastered house in the state. The Samuel Frantz (Dunn-Frantz) House was converted to a residence after serving as the Fort's infirmary; it is now part of the county park.

## Further reading

44°40′26″N 123°27′36″W / 44.674°N 123.460°W / 44.674; -123.460

## InfoBox

| Fort Hoskins | |
| --- | --- |
| Benton County, Oregon | |
| Grounds of the former Fort Hoskins | |
| Type | Military base |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | United States Army |
| Site history | |
| Materials | Wood |
| Events |  |
|  | |
| Fort Hoskins Site | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Nearest city | Kings Valley, Oregon |
| Built | 1856 |
| NRHP reference No. | 74001672 |
| Added to NRHP | May 1, 1974 |
|  | |
| Garrison information | |
| Garrison | 4th Regiment of California Infantry |
| Occupants | 2nd Lt.Philip Sheridan, Capt.Christopher C. Augur |


title: Uwe Timm

abstract: Uwe Timm is a German writer.

text:
# Uwe Timm

**Uwe Timm** (German pronunciation: \[ˈuːvə tɪm\] ; born 30 March 1940 in Hamburg) is a German writer.

## Life and work

Uwe Timm was born in 1940 in Hamburg, and was the youngest son in his family. His brother, 16 years his senior, was a soldier in the *Waffen-SS* and died in Ukraine in 1943. Decades later, Uwe Timm dealt with his relationship with his father and brother in the critically acclaimed novel *In My Brother's Shadow*.

After working as a furrier, Timm studied Philosophy and German in Munich and Paris, achieving a PhD in German literature in 1971 with his thesis *The Problem of Absurdity in the Works of Albert Camus*. During his studies, Timm was engaged in leftist activities of the 1960s. He became a member of the Socialist German Student Union and was associated with Benno Ohnesorg. From 1973 to 1981 he was a member of the German Communist Party. Three times Timm was appointed writer-in-residence at universities in English-speaking countries: in 1981 at the University of Warwick, in 1994 at Swansea, and in 1997 at Washington University in St. Louis. He has also been a lecturer at universities in Paderborn, Darmstadt, Lüneburg, and Frankfurt.

Timm started publishing in the early 1970s and became known to a larger audience in Germany after one of his children's books, *Rennschwein Rudi Rüssel*, was turned into the movie *Rudy, the Racing Pig* (1995). Today he is one of the most successful contemporary authors in Germany. His books *Die Entdeckung der Currywurst (The Invention of Curried Sausage)* and *Am Beispiel meines Bruders (In My Brother's Shadow, or literally: "By My Brother's Example")* can both be found in the syllabi of German schools. His readers usually appreciate Timm's writing style, which he himself calls "*die Ästhetik des Alltags*" ("the aesthetics of everyday life"). Timm uses everyday vocabulary and simple sentences and generally tries to imitate the way stories are orally told. His works often indirectly connect with each other by taking a minor character from one story and making this character the main character of another work. For example, a minor character like Frau Brücker from *Johannisnacht* becomes a main character in *Die Entdeckung der Currywurst*. Timm's works also tend to have autobiographical features and often deal with, or are set in, the German past.

## Awards

## Bibliography

* *Widersprüche*, Poems (1971)
* *Heißer Sommer* (1974)
* *Wolfenbüttlerstr. 57*, Poems (1977)
* *Morenga* (1978)
* *Kerbels Flucht* (1980)
* *Die deutschen Kolonien*, Photo book (1981)
* *Die Zugmaus*, Children's book (1981)
* *Die Piratenamsel*, Children's book (1983)
* *Der Mann auf dem Hochrad* (1984)
* *Der Schlangenbaum* (1986)
* *Rennschwein Rudi Rüssel*, Children's book (1989)
* *Vogel, friss die Feige nicht* (1989)
* *Der Kopfjäger* (1991)
* *Die Piratenamsel*, Children's book (1991)
* *Erzählen und kein Ende*, A collection of speeches (1993)
* *Die Entdeckung der Currywurst* (1993)
* *Der Schatz auf Pagensand* (1995)
* *Johannisnacht* (1996)
* *Nicht morgen, nicht gestern*, Short stories (1999)
* *Rot*, novel (2001), awarded the 2003 Schubart-Literaturpreis
* *Am Beispiel meines Bruders* (2003)
* *Der Freund und der Fremde* (2005)
* *Halbschatten* (2008)
* *Freitisch* (2011)
* *Vogelweide* (2013)
* *Ikarien* (2017)

### English translations

* David Basker: *Uwe Timm*, Cardiff 1999 (Contemporary German Writers).
* Hanjo Kersting, Axel Ruckaberle: "Uwe Timm", *Kritisches Lexikon zur deutschsprachigen Gegenwartsliteratur* (KLG), Köln 2004.

## InfoBox

| Uwe Timm | |
| --- | --- |
| Timm (2023) | |
| Born | (1940-03-30) 30 March 1940
Hamburg, Germany |
| Occupation | Writer |
| Education | PhD in German literature |
| Alma mater | Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich |
| Period | 1971–present |
| Notable works | Am Beispiel meines Bruders, Rennschwein Rudi Rüssel, |
| Notable awards | Heinrich-Böll-Preis
2009
Deutscher Jugendliteraturpreis
1990
 |
| Spouse | Dagmar Ploetz |
| Children | 4 |


title: Lights in the Night

abstract: Lights in the Night is the second album by Flash and the Pan, released in 1980.

text:
# Lights in the Night

**Lights in the Night** is the second album by Flash and the Pan, released in 1980.

## Critical reception

*Billboard* editors placed album review in Recommended section found the sound of the band similar to  and The Buggles but noticed the synthesized talk-sing voices of performers sounds tiring.

## Track listing

1. "Media Man" 5:53
2. "Headhunter" 5:51
3. "Restless" 3:45
4. "Welcome To The Universe" 8:43
5. "Make Your Own Cross" 5:26
6. "Lights In The Night" 4:33
7. "Let The Captain Beware" 4:35
8. "Atlantis Calling" 6:03

### Renaissance remaster bonus tracks

1. "Early Morning Wake Up Call" 4:09 \[from 1985\]
2. "Ayla" 4:29 \[from 1987\]
3. "Where Were You" 3:23 \[from 1983\]
4. "Midnight Man" 4:57 \[from 1985\]
5. "Media Man (Single mix)" 3:36

## Charts

| Chart (1980) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australian (Kent Music Report) | 78 |

## Personnel

* Harry Vanda \- producer, guitar, vocals
* George Young \- producer, synthesizer, lead vocals
* Les Karski - bass
* Warren Morgan - piano
* Ray Arnott \- drums
* Jack Skinner - mastering
* Colin Freeman - mixing
* Gene Grief - album artwork
* Janet Perr - album artwork

* The "Lights In the Night" album cover artwork features a comic book like illustration of a boy seeing a die fly by. On the three visible sides of the die are American Sign Language (AmSLan) hand signs for "U", "F", and "O" spelling "UFO".
* On the album cover, light strikes reveal part of the front and back covers of the first Flash and the Pan album. If you hold the album cover under a light source, you can not only actually see the debut's cover, you can even read the liner notes.
* "Media Man" and "Welcome to the Universe" were edited heavily for the respective single releases. In the case of the latter, the song was bereft of its dark intro and outro pieces, leaving only the middle "song" part intact. Both singles were also advertised with video clips. There was a third single release in some territories: In Sweden, "Atlantis Calling" was edited for a 7"; in Spain, "Captain Beware" was chosen.
* The Renaissance remaster (first released in 1997 as a double CD with the debut, later reissued on its own in 2008 ) adds four unrelated bonus tracks plus the 7" edit of "Media Man". On this mastering, the seamless transition from "Make Your Own Cross" into the title track was not preserved.

## InfoBox

| Lights In The Night | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Flash and the Pan | |
| Released | 1980 |
| Recorded | Albert Studios, Sydney, Australia. |
| Label | Albert Productions (AUS)
Ensign (EUR)
Epic (US) |
| Producer | Vanda & Young |
| Flash and the Pan chronology | |
| *Flash and the Pan*
(1979) ***Lights In The Night***
(1980) *Headlines*
(1982) | |


title: Towa

abstract: Towa Yamane Towa may refer to:

text:
# Towa

**Towa** may refer to:

## Japanese municipalities

## Linguistics

* Towa language, a Native American language spoken by the Jemez Pueblo people
* *Towa Sanyo*, a 17th-century textbook for teaching the Chinese language to Japanese speakers

## People

* Towa Carson (born 1936), Swedish schlager singer
* Tōwa Tei (born 1964), Japanese DJ, artist and record producer
* Richard Towa (born 1969), Cameroonian former football player and now assistant coach
* Towa Oshima (born 1979), Japanese manga artist best known for *High School Girls*
* Towa Yamane (山根 永遠, born 1999), Japanese footballer
* Towa Iwasaki (岩崎 永遠, born 1998), Japanese professional wrestler
* Marcien Towa (*1931 – 2014*), Cameroonian philosopher

## Characters

* Towa Kannagi, a white-haired woman who was granted longevity and slight eternal youth by drinking the blood of a mermaid which as given to her by her identical twin sister Sawa in *Mermaid Forest*.
* Towa Higurashi, the adopted daughter of Sōta, the elder twin daughter of Sesshomaru and Rin, and twin sister of Setsuna. She is the main character of the *Inuyasha* sequel anime television series *Yashahime*.
* Mary Towa, operators of Ring.EXE from *MegaMan Battle Chip Challenge*
* Towa, nickname To-to/Eternal Mark from manga *D.N.Angel*
* Towa, the main antagonist in Dragon Ball Online and secondary antagonist in the Dragon Ball Xenoverse
* Towa, a Anbu members in Naruto: Clash of Ninja Revolution 2
* Princess Hope Delight Towa (Akagi Towa) From Go! Princess PreCure
* Haiji Towa and Monaca Towa from Danganronpa Another Episode: Ultra Despair Girls
* Towa Kokonoe, a teacher from *Tokyo Xanadu*
* Kagami of Towa, female samurai from Emerson champaign (D&D)
* Towa Herschel from The Legend of Heroes: Trails of Cold Steel tetralogy
* Towa from Darwin's Game
* Towa, an assassin from Log Horizon
* Towa, pilot & mechanic from Metal Slug Attack
* Towa from Evenicle (AliceSoft)
* Towa, flight attendant from *Eden no Ori*
* Erio Tōwa, a student and main heroine from *Denpa Onna to Seishun Otoko*
* Towa, protagonist from 2015 android/iOS game Kemono Friends
* Towa Yuhazaki from Crimson Alive: Genesis of the Heretic
* Towa, a grandmother of Diana from Pokémon 4Ever - Celebi: The Voice of the Forest
* Towa Honda from Konbini Kareshi
* Towa Miduchi from Towa no Quon


title: Mimela junii

abstract: Mimela junii is a species of shining leaf chafer belonging to the family Scarabaeidae subfamily Rutelinae. These scarabs are mainly present in Austria, France, Italy and Switzerland. The head, pronotum and the inner margin of elytra are metallic-green, antennae are reddish, while elytra are coppery-brown, with longitudinal darker stripes. The adults can be encountered from June through July on flowers, especially on elder flowers. The adults beetles mainly feed on leaves of various wild shrubs and grasses, while larvae prefer sandy soils and are rhizophagous, feeding on roots at the expense of psammophilous and herbaceous plants or on decaying vegetables.

text:
# Mimela junii

***Mimela junii*** is a species of shining leaf chafer belonging to the family Scarabaeidae subfamily Rutelinae.

These scarabs are mainly present in Austria, France, Italy and Switzerland.

The head, pronotum and the inner margin of elytra are metallic-green, antennae are reddish, while elytra are coppery-brown, with longitudinal darker stripes.

The adults can be encountered from June (hence the Latin word *junii*) through July on flowers, especially on elder flowers (*Sambucus* species).

The adults beetles mainly feed on leaves of various wild shrubs and grasses, while larvae prefer sandy soils and are *rhizophagous*, feeding on roots at the expense of *psammophilous* and herbaceous plants or on decaying vegetables.

## Subspecies

* *Mimela junii calabrica* Machatschke, 1952
* *Mimela junii gigliocola* Machatschke, 1952
* *Mimela junii junii* (Duftschmid, 1805)
* *Mimela junii rugosula* (Fairmaire, 1859

## InfoBox

| *Mimela junii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Scarabaeidae |
| Genus: | *Mimela* |
| Species: | ***M. junii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Mimela junii***<br>(Duftschmid, 1805) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Amblomala juni* * *Anomala juni* Poda, 1761 * *Anomala junii* Duftschmid, 1805 | |


title: Radio Bremen TV

abstract: Radio Bremen TV is a regional public service television channel owned and operated by Radio Bremen (RB) and serving Bremen, Germany. It is one of seven regional "third programs". The name reflects the fact these programs all came into existence after the Second German Channel was founded in 1961. They are organized within the federal network ARD.

text:
# Radio Bremen TV

**Radio Bremen TV** is a regional public service television channel owned and operated by Radio Bremen (RB) and serving Bremen, Germany. It is one of seven regional "third programs". The name reflects the fact these programs all came into existence after the Second German Channel was founded in 1961. They are organized within the federal network ARD.

## History

Germany's first regional television broadcast occurred on 4 January 1965, in northern Germany, as part of a network involving Norddeutscher Rundfunk, Sender Freies Berlin (West Berlin) and Radio Bremen. This association marks the birth of NDR Fernsehen, a television channel covering a large part of the northern Bundesländer (Schleswig-Holstein, Lower Saxony, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Hamburg and Bremen).

On 1 January 2005, NDR Fernsehen's regional broadcasts for Bremen and Bremerhaven acquired their own identity, birthing Radio Bremen TV, a television channel that took over parts of NDR Fernsehen (with which it continues its association) in addition to local productions.

## Programming

The weather forecast started at 18:10 and was followed by NDR Fernsehen, which ran from 18:15 to 18:45. This was followed by *AnSichten*, a new edition of *Stadtschnack,* which covered current news and events relevant to Bremen. On Fridays, a weekly quiz show, *Sieh an,* was broadcast and followed at 18:55 by a short news bulletin accompanied with sign language and produced by the *buten un binnen* editorial team.

At 19:00, *Nordländer*, a factual program covered interesting contributions or featured contributors relevant to the Northern German regions. The program was also set for broadcast within the NDR transmission range, the station's regional neighbour and affiliate. It aired only between Mondays and Thursdays, with its Friday time slot instead filled by *Bremer Tierladen,* a program covering animal issues. *Sportblitz* came next on the weekday schedule and would begin at 19:15, followed by another weather report at 19:25. After this, *buten un binnen*, the magazine show covering Bremen and Bremerhaven, would begin each day at 19:30.

On the weekends, regional programming was only set to start at 18:45. On Saturdays, a broadcast chosen from the archives of Radio Bremen filled the first, early evening slot in the schedule, running until 19:30 when the latest edition of *buten un binnen* would follow. On Sundays, *3 nach 9 classics* would commence regional programming during the day's 18:45 slot, consisting of highlights or Best-of selections from the substantial archives of *3 nach 9*, Radio Bremen's flag-ship, a long-running talk show which has been aired for the last 35 years now. A new episode of *buten un binnen - Das Beste* followed every Sunday at 19:30, each episode themed around a new subject or issue that is examined through a collection of segments, clips and contributions from archival material covering the show's entire 30-year history and edited because of the relevance they have to the theme of the week, along with contributing to its exploration or discussion. The Sunday edition of *buten un binnen* itself, meanwhile, was recorded the previous day and could therefore not cover or react to events or news from the day set for its actual broadcast.

Starting in September 2013, Radio Bremen TV's programming received an overhaul while the station was undergoing its own reconstitution. A result of this was that the space reserved for independent regional television broadcasts was made shorter to bring it into line with the equivalent space provided for NDR's regional stations. Following this change and now receiving less time on air, the station had to discontinue a number of programs in order to reorganize its schedule to suit the new time slots provided for it to broadcast. The station also redesigned its appearance while renovating its studios.

Since these changes, the evening schedule now begins at 18:00 with a compact, six-minute edition of *buten un binnen*. This is followed by *buten un binnen Sportblitz* and *buten un binnen Wetter* for the day's sports news and weather forecast. Between 18:15 and 19:30 programming switches to shows from NDR Fernsehen, and this is followed by a regional magazine version of *buten un binnen*. Another new addition is the extension of live broadcasts to Sundays, which means that the station can now provide up-to-date coverage of any weekend sports events, instead of offering a pre-recorded news package. The pre-recorded news package could only cover things that happen a day before the actual broadcast.

Radio Bremen TV's broadcast lines now terminate at 20:00 each day, with transmission switching over in time for the start of Das Erste's Tagesschau. Besides the regional channels, whose window of operation has been cut down to between 18:00 and 18:15 and then followed by a second slot from 19:30 to 20:00, the station broadcasts joint programming which has been produced in collaboration with their affiliate and neighbouring regional broadcaster, NDR Fernsehen. Radio Bremen's content, which is transmitted at the same time as this jointly produced programming, has been given the name *Radio Bremen Fernsehen*.

## Logos

## InfoBox

Radio Bremen TV
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Germany |
| Broadcast area | Germany, also distributed nationally in:
Austria
Switzerland
Liechtenstein
Luxembourg
Netherlands
Belgium |
| Network | ARD |
| Headquarters | Bremen, Germany |
| Programming | |
| Language(s) | German |
| Picture format | 576i (16:9 SDTV)
720p (DVB-S2) (HDTV)
1080p (DVB-T2 only) (HDTV) |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Radio Bremen (RB) |
| History | |
| Launched | 1 January 2005 (2005-01-01) |
| Links | |
| Website | www.radiobremen.de/fernsehen |
| Availability | |
|  | |
| Streaming media | |
| Radio Bremen TV Livestream | Watch Live |
|  | |


title: Türediler, Savaştepe

abstract: Türediler is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Savaştepe, Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 83 (2022).

text:
# Türediler, Savaştepe

**Türediler** is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Savaştepe, Balıkesir Province in Turkey. Its population is 83 (2022).

## InfoBox

| Türediler | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighbourhood | |
| TüredilerLocation in TurkeyTüredilerTürediler (Marmara) | |
| Coordinates: 39°26′N 27°31′E / 39.433°N 27.517°E / 39.433; 27.517 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Balıkesir |
| District | Savaştepe |
| Population (2022) | 83 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |