title: Velaslavasay Panorama

abstract: The Velaslavasay Panorama is an exhibition hall, theatre and gardens in Los Angeles, California, featuring the only painted, 360-degree panorama created in the United States since the nineteenth century. The Velaslavasay Panorama was originally established by artist Sara Velas in 2000 at the Tswuun-Tswuun Rotunda on Hollywood Boulevard. The museum's name combines Velas' last name with her mother's maiden name, Asay. In 2004, its original venue threatened with demolition, the panorama moved to its present location at the Union Theatre in Historical West Adams.

text:
# Velaslavasay Panorama

The **Velaslavasay Panorama** is an exhibition hall, theatre and gardens in Los Angeles, California, featuring the only painted, 360-degree panorama created in the United States since the nineteenth century. The Velaslavasay Panorama was originally established by artist Sara Velas in 2000 at the Tswuun-Tswuun Rotunda on Hollywood Boulevard. The museum's name combines Velas' last name with her mother's maiden name, Asay. In 2004, its original venue threatened with demolition, the panorama moved to its present location at the Union Theatre in Historical West Adams.

## History of the panorama in the United States

The word “panorama” combines the Greek roots “pan,” meaning “all”, and “horama,” meaning “view.” The panorama was a popular entertainment format throughout the 18th and 19th centuries and therefore can be understood as a predecessor to 20th century cinema and emerging virtual reality technologies today. Velas reflects that by situating the panorama as “pre-cinematic” creates a hierarchy between “BC” (before cinema” and “AD” (after digital), when in reality it is representative of changing evolution of popular entertainment formats throughout history.

Unveiled in 2000 at the original Hollywood Boulevard location, The Panorama of the Valley of the Smokes was the first exhibited in the US since the 19th century. The only other immersive, 360 degree panoramas located in the US are historical panoramas from the 19th century which commemorate the Civil War: Paul Philippoteaux's The High Water Mark at Gettysburg (1884) is in Gettysburg National Military Park and William Wehner's Battle of Atlanta (1896) formerly located in that city's Grant Park. Currently, the cyclorama is under restoration and will be relocated to the newly custom-built 23,000-square-foot Lloyd and Mary Ann Whitaker Cyclorama building at the Atlanta History Center.

## Location

### Hollywood location

The Velaslavasay Panorama was originally located in a 1968 Googie-style building on Hollywood Boulevard until it was demolished in 2004. The building formerly housed the Chu Chu Chinese Restaurant. The panorama exhibit displayed at the Hollywood Boulevard location, painted by Velas, was entitled The Panorama of the Valley of the Smokes and depicted a view of the Los Angeles as it may have appeared in 1792, the year that Robert Barker's very first panorama was unveiled. Velas envisioned the panorama's design from photographs and histories collected from the Los Angeles Public Library and imagined, like those elsewhere in the nation at that time, what California landscape looked like.

### West Adams re-location

After being displaced from the Hollywood location in 2004 due to impending developmental plans, the Velaslavasay relocated to the historical West Adams neighborhood. The second panorama installation, Effulgence of the North, depicting scenes of the Arctic from the era of its nineteenth-century exploration, debuted at the new Union Theatre location in July 2007 and remained on display until September 2017.

The Union Theatre was originally built in 1910 as a motion picture hall and was named for the nearby Union Square, once a bustling hub along LA's past Red Car trolley system. The Union Theatre has been home to a variety of organizations prior to the Velaslavasay Panorama. Notably, it served as a meeting hall for the Tile Layers Union Local #18 throughout the mid-late 20th century. Prior to that, in 1935, former screen vamp Louise Glaum opened an acting school and playhouse here, calling it Louise Glaum's Little Theater at Union Square. Then in 1939, it was reconfigured back into a film venue, the Union, and operated under that name until it closed in 1953. For a time in the 1970s, while serving as the headquarters for the Tile Layers, a student from nearby USC operated an after-hours weekly film series, showing cult and underground films and Saturday cartoon matinees for the neighborhood children. This K-Bel Theatre Film Society operated until 1975.

Currently, the Union Theatre location is also home to a lush garden, razed from a former asphalt lot behind the building which hosts weddings among other private events.

## Exhibitions

### The Grand Moving Mirror of California (GMMOCA)

The venue has also hosted moving panoramas, among them the Grand Moving Mirror of California, which debuted in 2010, and remains on static display in their theatre area.

This project developed in 2005 after the Velaslavasay received a copy of what had been the accompanying document to an original moving panorama which traced the journey from the East coast down through South America and to California during the Gold Rush era. The script had originally accompanied a moving panorama painting that was toured around New England in 1855 by a Dr. L. E. Emerson. The painting itself did not survive to the present. The Velaslavasay adapted the original document based on the archival script, which was read during its exhibition. In order to stay true to the historic essence of the text, the editing process was not additive - words and sections of text were taken out but nothing new was put into the text. From this adaptation, an original moving panorama painting was created that did not attempt to recreate what might have actually existed during the 19th century. Artist Guan Rong spent almost two years designing the compositions and painting a canvas that would result in a 270-foot long moving panorama. A second, smaller version of the panorama painting was recreated for traveling shows and has been displayed in Berlin and Seoul as a part of Clemens Krümmel's “Talking Picture Blues” exhibition.

### Nova Tuskhut

In 2014, the Velaslavasay Panorama added a new attraction, the Nova Tuskhut, replicating the interior of a trading post in the Arctic regions, and featuring a miniature dioramic view through its window. Its debut was accompanied by a new exhibit of materials relating to the appearance of Inuit in Hollywood films from the silent era to the 1940s, and featuring images and memorabilia relating to early Inuit film star Nancy Columbia. The event was also marked by a joint lecture, "Before Nanook," by two prominent Arctic historians, Kenn Harper and Russell Potter, as well as a series of movies with polar themes, entitled Mush: To The Movies.

### A Border Peepshow

In 2017, the Velaslavasay Panorama collaborated with Parkeology (a public art program that excavates histories from urban parks and museums through live interpretive events) to create A Border Peepshow. Four peepshows depict scenes of the San Diego/Tijuana border from 1887, 1927. 1967 and 2017 to provide views of the political separation of a culturally and ecologically connected terrain.

### Shengjing Panorama

From 2012 to 2019, the Velaslavasay Panorama was working on the Shengjing Panorama 《盛京全景图》, the first-ever China-US collaborative panorama depicting the city of Shenyang from the years 1910 to 1930. The panorama went on display in 2019. The panorama was painted over a period of five years by Chinese panorama masters 李武 Li Wu, 晏阳 Yan Yang, and 周福先 Zhou Fuxian from the Lu Xun Academy of Fine Arts. Shengjing Panorama depicts an urban Chinese landscape during an era of great technological change, global exchange, and diversity in architecture, religions, and culture. On May 2, 2017, the artists and Velaslavasay had a handover ceremony in the auditorium of the Tiexiyu School, which provided the third and final studio location large enough to accommodate the painting size.

## Programs and events

Throughout the years, the Velaslavasay has hosted numerous events including unique programming, book and poetry readings, illustrated lectures, musical performances and cinema showings and festivals. A more expansive list can be found in the past events section of the Velaslavasay's website.

5. Pinkus, Karen. "Hollywood Panorama." *Places. A Forum of Environmental Design*Vol. 4, December 2006. Hollywood Panorama \[Research and Debate\]

34°02′03″N 118°17′05″W / 34.0342°N 118.2847°W / 34.0342; -118.2847


title: Muresk Institute

abstract: Muresk Institute is an educational, training, research, conference and function facility based in Northam, situated approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) east of Perth, in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia. Until 1985 it was known as Muresk Agricultural College. The College, situated on 898 hectares of research and farming land, was established in 1926 by the Western Australian Government and incorporated into the Western Australian Institute of Technology (WAIT) in 1969. The college was managed by WAIT and later Curtin University of Technology from 1969 until 2012, when responsibility for Muresk's operation was transferred from Curtin to the State Government. The Department of Training and Workforce Development established the Muresk Institute as a multi-tenanted, multi-functional facility for training, higher education, research, professional development and learning extension. Muresk Institute offers a wide range of nationally accredited courses, as well as workshops and professional development, hand-picked from leading training providers and industry experts across the country. Training delivered on site includes the Diploma of Agribusiness Management, Diploma of Agriculture and other industry-driven short courses. Curtin University offers an Associate Degree in Agribusiness at Muresk and at the Geraldton Universities Centre, with the intensive laboratory elements delivered at Muresk. Muresk Institute is home to Western Australia’s first demonstration SMART Farm which uses cloud-based technology, sensors and global positioning systems to provide farmers with data to make highly informed choices and improve efficiency. Muresk Institute is also a highly equipped conference and accommodation venue suitable for corporate and community events.

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# Muresk Institute

**Muresk Institute** is an educational, training, research, conference and function facility based in Northam, situated approximately 90 kilometres (56 mi) east of Perth, in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia. Until 1985 it was known as **Muresk Agricultural College**.

The College, situated on 898 hectares (2,220 acres) of research and farming land, was established in 1926 by the Western Australian Government and incorporated into the Western Australian Institute of Technology (WAIT) in 1969. The college was managed by WAIT and later Curtin University of Technology from 1969 until 2012, when responsibility for Muresk's operation was transferred from Curtin to the State Government. The Department of Training and Workforce Development established the Muresk Institute as a multi-tenanted, multi-functional facility for training, higher education, research, professional development and learning extension.

Muresk Institute offers a wide range of nationally accredited courses, as well as workshops and professional development, hand-picked from leading training providers and industry experts across the country. Training delivered on site includes the Diploma of Agribusiness Management, Diploma of Agriculture and other industry-driven short courses. Curtin University offers an Associate Degree in Agribusiness at Muresk and at the Geraldton Universities Centre, with the intensive laboratory elements delivered at Muresk.

Muresk Institute is home to Western Australia’s first demonstration SMART Farm which uses cloud-based technology, sensors and global positioning systems to provide farmers with data to make highly informed choices and improve efficiency.

Muresk Institute is also a highly equipped conference and accommodation venue suitable for corporate and community events.

31°44′57″S 116°41′02″E / 31.749247°S 116.684013°E / -31.749247; 116.684013


title: Norby House

abstract: Norby House, at 13 Pond St. in Thompson Falls in Sanders County, Montana, was built in 1912. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It was built by Charles H. Doenges for Dr. J. B. Norby. It is a bungalow/craftsman style house built on a concrete foundation. It has a hipped roof and an original enclosed screen porch.

text:
# Norby House

**Norby House**, at 13 Pond St. in Thompson Falls in Sanders County, Montana, was built in 1912. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

It was built by Charles H. Doenges for Dr. J. B. Norby. It is a bungalow/craftsman style house built on a concrete foundation. It has a hipped roof and an original enclosed screen porch.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Norby House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | 13 Pond St., Thompson Falls, Montana |
| Coordinates | 47°35′48″N 115°21′19″W / 47.59667°N 115.35528°W / 47.59667; -115.35528 |
| Area | 2.8 acres (1.1 ha) |
| Built | 1912 |
| Built by | Doenges, Charles H. |
| Architectural style | Bungalow/craftsman |
| MPS | Thompson Falls MRA |
| NRHP reference No. | 86002775 |
| Added to NRHP | October 7, 1986 |


title: Zoo Bar (Lincoln, Nebraska)

abstract: The Zoo Bar is a blues music venue and nightclub located in downtown Lincoln, Nebraska, on 136 North 14th Street. Styled around the Chicago blues clubs, it is a long, narrow venue in a building built in 1921. Around 1971, Jim Ludwig, Bill Kennedy, and Don Chamberlin purchased the bar. Larry Boehmer, a Master of Fine Arts student at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln at the time, promoted the bar to his fellow artists. He booked the first band in 1973 and was sole owner by 1977. Boehmer met Chicago musician and promoter Bob Riedy and formed a connection that brought many revered Chicago artists to the Lincoln club. Because of this connection, the Zoo Bar was the first white club that Magic Slim ever played. In 1975 he had never ventured outside the clubs in Chicago's African-American neighborhoods. In 1977, Boehmer was the sole owner and the Zoo was established as an important stop for bands on the touring circuit. The first band Boehmer booked to play in the club was The Cotton Blues Band in the summer of 1973. The first national act to play at the bar was Luther Allison in September 1974. Musical acts have included: Bernard Allison, Luther Allison, Dave Alvin, Billy Bacon and the Forbidden Pigs, Tab Benoit, Tommy Castro, Albert Collins, Robert Cray, Deke Dickerson, Bo Diddley, Chris Duarte, Lil Ed and the Blues Imperials, Tinsley Ellis, Rick Estrin, Anson Funderburgh, Buddy Guy, the Hacienda Brothers, John Hammond, The Belairs, James Harman, Mark Hummel, Candye Kane, Jay McShann, Matt "Guitar" Murphy, Charlie Musselwhite, Rod Piazza, Ana Popović, Otis Rush, Doug Sahm, Curtis Salgado, Gina Sicilia, Magic Slim, Watermelon Slim, Son Seals, Koko Taylor, Junior Wells, Kim Wilson, and Link Wray. Eddie Clearwater, Mighty Joe Young, Clarence Gatemouth Brown, Carey Bell Numerous live albums have been recorded in the club. Magic Slim and his band were regular performers at the bar, playing week-long stints. In the 1990s, Magic Slim moved his family from Chicago to Lincoln. In 1993 the Zoo Bar won the Blues Foundation's Keeping the Blues Alive Award for Club of the Year. James Harman wrote a song on behalf of the club called "Everybody's Rockin'", which can be found on Harman's 1995 Black And White CD. In 2000 Larry Boehmer retired and passed the bar on to his sons, Jeff and Tim Boehmer, and Pete Watters; Jeff and Pete are partners in the club now. On September 4, 2012, Larry Boehmer died after struggling with lung cancer. Many not only remember Larry as a visual artist and blues player, but as a community builder. In July 2013, the bar celebrated its 40th anniversary.

text:
# Zoo Bar (Lincoln, Nebraska)

**The Zoo Bar** is a blues music venue and nightclub located in downtown Lincoln, Nebraska, on 136 North 14th Street. Styled around the Chicago blues clubs, it is a long, narrow venue in a building built in 1921.

Around 1971, Jim Ludwig, Bill Kennedy, and Don Chamberlin purchased the bar. Larry Boehmer, a Master of Fine Arts student at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln at the time, promoted the bar to his fellow artists. He booked the first band in 1973 and was sole owner by 1977.

Boehmer met Chicago musician and promoter Bob Riedy and formed a connection that brought many revered Chicago artists to the Lincoln club. Because of this connection, the Zoo Bar was the first white club that Magic Slim ever played. In 1975 he had never ventured outside the clubs in Chicago's African-American neighborhoods.

In 1977, Boehmer was the sole owner and the Zoo was established as an important stop for bands on the touring circuit. The first band Boehmer booked to play in the club was The Cotton Blues Band in the summer of 1973. The first national act to play at the bar was Luther Allison in September 1974.

Musical acts have included: Bernard Allison, Luther Allison, Dave Alvin, Billy Bacon and the Forbidden Pigs, Tab Benoit, Tommy Castro, Albert Collins, Robert Cray, Deke Dickerson, Bo Diddley, Chris Duarte, Lil Ed and the Blues Imperials, Tinsley Ellis, Rick Estrin, Anson Funderburgh, Buddy Guy, the Hacienda Brothers, John Hammond, The Belairs, James Harman, Mark Hummel, Candye Kane, Jay McShann, Matt "Guitar" Murphy, Charlie Musselwhite, Rod Piazza, Ana Popović, Otis Rush, Doug Sahm, Curtis Salgado, Gina Sicilia, Magic Slim, Watermelon Slim, Son Seals, Koko Taylor, Junior Wells, Kim Wilson, and Link Wray. Eddie Clearwater, Mighty Joe Young, Clarence Gatemouth Brown, Carey Bell

Numerous live albums have been recorded in the club.

Magic Slim and his band were regular performers at the bar, playing week-long stints. In the 1990s, Magic Slim moved his family from Chicago to Lincoln.

In 1993 the Zoo Bar won the Blues Foundation's Keeping the Blues Alive Award for Club of the Year.

James Harman wrote a song on behalf of the club called "Everybody's Rockin' (At The Zoo Bar)", which can be found on Harman's 1995 *Black And White* CD.

In 2000 Larry Boehmer retired and passed the bar on to his sons, Jeff and Tim Boehmer, and Pete Watters; Jeff and Pete are partners in the club now. On September 4, 2012, Larry Boehmer died after struggling with lung cancer. Many not only remember Larry as a visual artist and blues player, but as a community builder.

In July 2013, the bar celebrated its 40th anniversary.

40°48′52″N 96°42′03″W / 40.81444°N 96.70083°W / 40.81444; -96.70083


title: Newbury Gateway Park

abstract: Newbury Gateway Park is a seven-acre neighborhood park, located across the street from Newbury Park Library in western Newbury Park, California. The most notable attraction here includes the endemic plant and tree species, including an oak grove with over a hundred planted native oak trees. It contains picnic areas, a playground, turf area, and seating benches. First acquired in 1984, the open space area added four additional acres of land and was developed into a neighborhood park by the Conejo Recreation & Park District (CRPD) in cooperation with Thousand Oaks in 1999. Newbury Gateway Park was closed for nearly a year in the 2012-2013 period as a result of a major drainage problems. It is a dog park, utilized for hiking, mountain biking, running, picnicking, and recreational activities. It is situated in an area of Newbury Park that was built in the 1960s under Ventura County jurisdiction, while Newbury Park still remained fully outside of Thousand Oaks city limits.

text:
# Newbury Gateway Park

**Newbury Gateway Park** is a seven-acre neighborhood park, located across the street from Newbury Park Library in western Newbury Park, California. The most notable attraction here includes the endemic plant and tree species, including an oak grove with over a hundred planted native oak trees. It contains picnic areas, a playground, turf area, and seating benches. First acquired in 1984, the open space area added four additional acres of land and was developed into a neighborhood park by the Conejo Recreation & Park District (CRPD) in cooperation with Thousand Oaks in 1999. Newbury Gateway Park was closed for nearly a year in the 2012-2013 period as a result of a major drainage problems.

It is a dog park, utilized for hiking, mountain biking, running, picnicking, and recreational activities. It is situated in an area of Newbury Park that was built in the 1960s under Ventura County jurisdiction, while Newbury Park still remained fully outside of Thousand Oaks city limits.

## InfoBox

| Newbury Gateway Park | |
| --- | --- |
| Sign by entrance | |
|  | |
| Type | Neighborhood park |
| Location | 2250 Michael Drive<br>Newbury Park, California, United States |
| Coordinates | 34°10′51.5″N 118°55′34.4″W / 34.180972°N 118.926222°W / 34.180972; -118.926222 |
| Area | 7 acres (2.8 ha) |
| Created | 1999 |
| Operated by | Conejo Recreation & Park District (CRPD) |
| Status | Open daily 7:00am to 10:00pm |


title: 1991 German Grand Prix

abstract: The 1991 German Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Hockenheimring on 28 July 1991. It was the ninth race of the 1991 Formula One World Championship, and the first German Grand Prix to be held in Germany after the reunification between West and East Germany. The 45-lap race was won from pole position by British driver Nigel Mansell, driving a Williams-Renault. It was Mansell's third consecutive Grand Prix victory. His Italian teammate Riccardo Patrese finished second, with Frenchman Jean Alesi third in a Ferrari. Drivers' Championship leader, Brazilian Ayrton Senna, failed to score in his McLaren-Honda after running out of fuel for the second consecutive race, allowing Mansell to close to within eight points of him.

text:
# 1991 German Grand Prix

The **1991 German Grand Prix** was a Formula One motor race held at the Hockenheimring on 28 July 1991. It was the ninth race of the 1991 Formula One World Championship, and the first German Grand Prix to be held in Germany after the reunification between West and East Germany.

The 45-lap race was won from pole position by British driver Nigel Mansell, driving a Williams-Renault. It was Mansell's third consecutive Grand Prix victory. His Italian teammate Riccardo Patrese finished second, with Frenchman Jean Alesi third in a Ferrari.

Drivers' Championship leader, Brazilian Ayrton Senna, failed to score in his McLaren-Honda after running out of fuel for the second consecutive race, allowing Mansell to close to within eight points of him.

## Pre-race

Ayrton Senna spent a night in a hospital in Mannheim after crashing during pre-race testing a week earlier. Senna suffered a tyre failure at the end of a long straight, causing the car to launch into the air and turn over several times. The McLaren-Honda went 15 feet into the air and was destroyed in the crash, according to witnesses. After regaining consciousness, Senna was taken to hospital with neck and chest bruising.

There were two changes to the entry list, the first was at Lotus where Johnny Herbert was replaced by young German Michael Bartels because of the former's Japanese Formula 3000 commitments, and the second was at Footwork where Alex Caffi was back in action after his road accident. Elsewhere Satoru Nakajima announced he would retire at the end of the year.

## Qualifying

### Pre-qualifying report

The participants in the Friday morning pre-qualifying sessions were reshuffled prior to this event, the season having reached its mid-point. Scuderia Italia (Dallara) and Jordan had scored points, and were thus relieved of the requirement to pre-qualify, and could automatically join the rest of the field in the main qualifying sessions from here on. By virtue of Nicola Larini's seventh place finish at the first round in Phoenix, the Modena team were also lifted out of pre-qualifying, despite struggling in the sessions at recent Grands Prix.

Taking their places during the Friday morning sessions were Brabham, AGS, and Footwork, who had all failed to score points so far in 1991, or match Modena Lambo's seventh place finish at any race. Fondmetal and Coloni were also still required to pre-qualify.

Here at Hockenheim, the fastest pre-qualifier was Martin Brundle in the Brabham BT60Y. He was over a second faster than the AGS JH25B of Gabriele Tarquini, with Michele Alboreto just a tenth behind in the Footwork FA12C, despite gearbox problems. The fourth pre-qualifier was the other Brabham of Mark Blundell.

The four entrants missing out included Fondmetal driver Olivier Grouillard, who suffered an engine failure and finished fifth fastest, ahead of the second Footwork of Alex Caffi, who had returned to the cockpit after missing four races. The second AGS of Italian Fabrizio Barbazza was seventh, nearly a second ahead of regular backmarker Pedro Chaves for the cash-strapped Coloni team.

### Pre-qualifying classification

| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Time | Gap |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 7 | Martin Brundle | Brabham-Yamaha | 1:42.810 |  |
| 2 | 17 | Gabriele Tarquini | AGS-Ford | 1:43.939 | +1.129 |
| 3 | 9 | Michele Alboreto | Footwork-Ford | 1:44.034 | +1.224 |
| 4 | 8 | Mark Blundell | Brabham-Yamaha | 1:44.257 | +1.447 |
| 5 | 14 | Olivier Grouillard | Fondmetal-Ford | 1:44.645 | +1.835 |
| 6 | 10 | Alex Caffi | Footwork-Ford | 1:45.282 | +2.472 |
| 7 | 18 | Fabrizio Barbazza | AGS-Ford | 1:46.604 | +3.794 |
| 8 | 31 | Pedro Chaves | Coloni-Ford | 1:47.546 | +4.736 |

### Qualifying report

In Saturday practice Érik Comas had a massive accident at the Ostkurve chicane in his Ligier. The French driver was unhurt, but it raised questions about the safety of the second chicane. In qualifying, Nigel Mansell took pole from title rival Ayrton Senna. Gerhard Berger was third, followed by Riccardo Patrese\- the Williams and McLaren cars were within 4 tenths of each other but were all nearly 2 seconds faster of the next fastest cars, the 2 Ferraris of Alain Prost and Jean Alesi, which were a second quicker than the next fastest car behind them. Then following the Ferraris were Andrea de Cesaris, Nelson Piquet, Roberto Moreno, and Pierluigi Martini in the Minardi, taking full advantage of his Ferrari engine around the high speed circuit.

### Qualifying classification

| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Q1 | Q2 | Gap |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 5 | Nigel Mansell | Williams-Renault | 1:37.467 | **1:37.087** |  |
| 2 | 1 | Ayrton Senna | McLaren-Honda | 1:38.208 | **1:37.274** | +0.187 |
| 3 | 2 | Gerhard Berger | McLaren-Honda | 1:37.946 | **1:37.393** | +0.306 |
| 4 | 6 | Riccardo Patrese | Williams-Renault | 1:38.146 | **1:37.435** | +0.348 |
| 5 | 27 | Alain Prost | Ferrari | 1:39.422 | **1:39.034** | +1.947 |
| 6 | 28 | Jean Alesi | Ferrari | 1:39.391 | **1:39.042** | +1.955 |
| 7 | 33 | Andrea de Cesaris | Jordan-Ford | 1:40.387 | **1:40.239** | +3.152 |
| 8 | 20 | Nelson Piquet | Benetton-Ford | **1:40.560** | 1:40.878 | +3.473 |
| 9 | 19 | Roberto Moreno | Benetton-Ford | 1:41.968 | **1:40.957** | +3.870 |
| 10 | 23 | Pierluigi Martini | Minardi-Ferrari | **1:40.998** | 1:41.373 | +3.911 |
| 11 | 32 | Bertrand Gachot | Jordan-Ford | 1:41.443 | **1:41.308** | +4.221 |
| 12 | 16 | Ivan Capelli | Leyton House-Ilmor | 1:42.025 | **1:41.330** | +4.243 |
| 13 | 3 | Satoru Nakajima | Tyrrell-Honda | 1:41.515 | **1:41.390** | +4.303 |
| 14 | 4 | Stefano Modena | Tyrrell-Honda | **1:41.566** | 1:41.952 | +4.479 |
| 15 | 7 | Martin Brundle | Brabham-Yamaha | 1:42.294 | **1:41.615** | +4.528 |
| 16 | 15 | Maurício Gugelmin | Leyton House-Ilmor | no time | **1:41.735** | +4.648 |
| 17 | 25 | Thierry Boutsen | Ligier-Lamborghini | **1:41.823** | 1:41.929 | +4.736 |
| 18 | 21 | Emanuele Pirro | Dallara-Judd | **1:42.021** | 1:42.672 | +4.934 |
| 19 | 24 | Gianni Morbidelli | Minardi-Ferrari | 1:42.132 | **1:42.058** | +4.971 |
| 20 | 22 | JJ Lehto | Dallara-Judd | **1:42.171** | 1:42.708 | +5.084 |
| 21 | 8 | Mark Blundell | Brabham-Yamaha | 1:43.414 | **1:42.216** | +5.129 |
| 22 | 30 | Aguri Suzuki | Lola-Ford | 1:45.037 | **1:42.474** | +5.387 |
| 23 | 11 | Mika Häkkinen | Lotus-Judd | 1:44.816 | **1:42.726** | +5.639 |
| 24 | 34 | Nicola Larini | Lambo-Lamborghini | 1:44.596 | **1:43.035** | +5.948 |
| 25 | 29 | Éric Bernard | Lola-Ford | 1:43.797 | **1:43.321** | +6.234 |
| 26 | 26 | Érik Comas | Ligier-Lamborghini | 1:43.803 | **1:43.364** | +6.277 |
| 27 | 9 | Michele Alboreto | Footwork-Ford | 1:44.362 | **1:43.409** | +6.322 |
| 28 | 12 | Michael Bartels | Lotus-Judd | 1:46.409 | **1:43.624** | +6.537 |
| 29 | 17 | Gabriele Tarquini | AGS-Ford | **1:43.787** | 1:43.918 | +6.700 |
| 30 | 35 | Eric van de Poele | Lambo-Lamborghini | 1:44.489 | **1:44.207** | +7.120 |

## Race

### Race report

On Sunday, a couple of hours before the race, there was a FIA driver's meeting and Senna requested to race director Roland Bruynseraede that the tyre walls at the chicanes be replaced with traffic cones because of the possibility of hitting the tyres and rolling; that happened to him during qualifying for the Mexican Grand Prix, and this heated up when FIA president Jean-Marie Balestre, Senna and a few other drivers had a brief argument over the regulations involving safety. Balestre then instigated a democratic vote, and the vote went towards removing the tyre walls and replacing them with traffic cones.

At the start of the race, Mansell made a great start while Berger slotted into second ahead of team-mate Senna, with Prost, Patrese, and Alesi rounding out the top six. At the back Mark Blundell spun but continued, although Larini spun off into retirement in his attempt to avoid the Brabham. Berger made a bad pit-stop and fell back to tenth, while Prost started to reel in Senna. Mansell was running away at the front and when he pitted for tyres he dropped just behind Alesi, but did not waste time in changing the situation and passed Alesi two laps later to re-take the lead. While Mansell was surging away, a tremendous battle developed for third place between Senna, Prost, and Patrese, with Riccardo beating both men before setting off after Alesi. Senna and Prost continued to squabble over fourth and the major talking point came on lap 37 when Prost attempted to pass Senna going into the first chicane. Prost was faster and tried to go around the outside, Senna would not give way and Prost went off and proceeded to stall the engine. Prost blamed Senna and said he would not be so forgiving the next time while Senna accused Prost of complaining for the sake of complaining. Prost's comments would earn him a one-race suspended ban, while the FIA ordered a sit-down meeting between the two men at the next race. Meanwhile, Mansell cruised to his third straight win, leading home Patrese, Alesi, Berger, de Cesaris, and Gachot, Senna having run out of fuel on the last lap for the second straight race and being classified seventh, allowing Mansell to close to within eight points of Senna in the drivers championship.

### Race classification

| Pos | No | Driver | Constructor | Laps | Time/Retired | Grid | Points |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | 5 | **Nigel Mansell** | **Williams-Renault** | 45 | 1:19:29.661 | 1 | **10** |
| 2 | 6 | **Riccardo Patrese** | **Williams-Renault** | 45 | \+ 13.779 | 4 | **6** |
| 3 | 28 | **Jean Alesi** | **Ferrari** | 45 | \+ 17.618 | 6 | **4** |
| 4 | 2 | **Gerhard Berger** | **McLaren-Honda** | 45 | \+ 32.651 | 3 | **3** |
| 5 | 33 | **Andrea de Cesaris** | **Jordan-Ford** | 45 | \+ 1:17.537 | 7 | **2** |
| 6 | 32 | **Bertrand Gachot** | **Jordan-Ford** | 45 | \+ 1:40.605 | 11 | **1** |
| 7 | 1 | Ayrton Senna | McLaren-Honda | 44 | Out of fuel | 2 |  |
| 8 | 19 | Roberto Moreno | Benetton-Ford | 44 | \+ 1 lap | 9 |  |
| 9 | 25 | Thierry Boutsen | Ligier-Lamborghini | 44 | \+ 1 lap | 17 |  |
| 10 | 21 | Emanuele Pirro | Dallara-Judd | 44 | \+ 1 lap | 18 |  |
| 11 | 7 | Martin Brundle | Brabham-Yamaha | 43 | \+ 2 laps | 15 |  |
| 12 | 8 | Mark Blundell | Brabham-Yamaha | 43 | \+ 2 laps | 21 |  |
| 13 | 4 | Stefano Modena | Tyrrell-Honda | 41 | \+ 4 laps | 14 |  |
| Ret | 27 | Alain Prost | Ferrari | 37 | Spun off | 5 |  |
| Ret | 16 | Ivan Capelli | Leyton House-Ilmor | 36 | Engine | 12 |  |
| Ret | 22 | JJ Lehto | Dallara-Judd | 35 | Engine | 20 |  |
| Ret | 20 | Nelson Piquet | Benetton-Ford | 27 | Engine | 8 |  |
| Ret | 3 | Satoru Nakajima | Tyrrell-Honda | 26 | Gearbox | 13 |  |
| Ret | 26 | Érik Comas | Ligier-Lamborghini | 22 | Engine | 26 |  |
| Ret | 15 | Maurício Gugelmin | Leyton House-Ilmor | 21 | Gearbox | 16 |  |
| Ret | 11 | Mika Häkkinen | Lotus-Judd | 19 | Engine | 23 |  |
| Ret | 30 | Aguri Suzuki | Lola-Ford | 15 | Engine | 22 |  |
| Ret | 24 | Gianni Morbidelli | Minardi-Ferrari | 14 | Differential | 19 |  |
| Ret | 23 | Pierluigi Martini | Minardi-Ferrari | 11 | Differential | 10 |  |
| Ret | 29 | Éric Bernard | Lola-Ford | 9 | Transmission | 25 |  |
| Ret | 34 | Nicola Larini | Lambo-Lamborghini | 0 | Spun off | 24 |  |
| DNQ | 9 | Michele Alboreto | Footwork-Ford |  |  |  |  |
| DNQ | 12 | Michael Bartels | Lotus-Judd |  |  |  |  |
| DNQ | 17 | Gabriele Tarquini | AGS-Ford |  |  |  |  |
| DNQ | 35 | Eric van de Poele | Lambo-Lamborghini |  |  |  |  |
| DNPQ | 14 | Olivier Grouillard | Fondmetal-Ford |  |  |  |  |
| DNPQ | 10 | Alex Caffi | Footwork-Ford |  |  |  |  |
| DNPQ | 18 | Fabrizio Barbazza | AGS-Ford |  |  |  |  |
| DNPQ | 31 | Pedro Chaves | Coloni-Ford |  |  |  |  |
| Source: | | | | | | | |

## Championship standings after the race

* **Note**: Only the top five positions are included for both sets of standings.

## InfoBox

| 1991 German Grand Prix | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Race 9 of 16 in the 1991 Formula One World Championship | | | |
|  | | | |
| Race details | | | |
| Date | 28 July 1991 | | |
| Official name | Grosser Mobil 1 Preis von Deutschland | | |
| Location | Hockenheimring, Hockenheim, Baden-Württemberg, Germany | | |
| Course | Permanent racing facility | | |
| Course length | 6.802 km (4.227 miles) | | |
| Distance | 45 laps, 306.090 km (190.195 miles) | | |
| Weather | Hot and sunny | | |
| Pole position | | | |
| Driver |  | Williams-Renault |
| Time | 1:37.087 | | |
| Fastest lap | | | |
| Driver | Riccardo Patrese | Williams-Renault |
| Time | 1:43.569 on lap 35 | | |
| Podium | | | |
| First |  | Williams-Renault |
| Second |  | Williams-Renault |
| Third |  | Ferrari |
| Lap leaders * | | | |


title: Lustwandel

abstract:
Lustwandel is the sixth solo album by German keyboardist Hans-Joachim Roedelius, best known for his work with Cluster, Harmonia, and Aquarello. All the pieces on the album were composed by Roedelius with the sole exception of "Wilkommen", which was composed by Roedelius and Will Roper. It was released by Sky Records in 1981 and has been reissued on CD by Sky Records in Germany in 1992 and by the Gyroscope label in the United States in 1996. The music of Lustwandel is a series of ambient pieces for solo piano or electronic keyboards. Jim Brenholts, who reviewed Lustwandel for Allmusic, writes, in part:
These unique compositions have character, charm, and grace that separate them from standard e-music and avant-garde fare. Roedelius uses gentle acoustics and silence as integral elements of his sound design. He segues within his atmospheres seamlessly. The sound is distinct and fresh. Only Roedelius can sound like this.

text:
# Lustwandel

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic | link |

***Lustwandel*** is the sixth solo album by German keyboardist Hans-Joachim Roedelius, best known for his work with Cluster, Harmonia, and Aquarello. All the pieces on the album were composed by Roedelius with the sole exception of "Wilkommen", which was composed by Roedelius and Will Roper. It was released by Sky Records in 1981 and has been reissued on CD by Sky Records in Germany in 1992 and by the Gyroscope label in the United States in 1996.

The music of *Lustwandel* is a series of ambient pieces for solo piano or electronic keyboards. Jim Brenholts, who reviewed *Lustwandel* for Allmusic, writes, in part:

> These unique compositions have character, charm, and grace that separate them from standard e-music and avant-garde fare. Roedelius uses gentle acoustics and silence as integral elements of his sound design. He segues within his atmospheres seamlessly. The sound is distinct and fresh. Only Roedelius can sound like this.

## Track listing

1. "Lustwandel" – 3:49
2. "Legende" – 2:10
3. "Ansinnen" – 1:04
4. "Betrachtung" – 2:12
5. "Draussen Vorbel" – 4:16
6. "Harlekin" – 1:05
7. "Von Ferne Her" – 3:28
8. "Vom Fliegen" – 3:24
9. "Wilkommen" – 1:56
10. "Pirouette" – 1:33
11. "Dein Antlitz" – 4:07
12. "Langer Atem" – 7:15
13. "Die Andere Blume" – 1:13

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Lustwandel | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Hans-Joachim Roedelius | |
| Released | 1981 |
| Genre | Kosmische musik, new-age, electronic, ambient |
| Length | 38:42 |
| Label | Sky Records |
| Producer | Peter Baumann |
| Hans-Joachim Roedelius chronology | |
| *Selbstportrait Vol. III "Reise durch Arcadien"*
(1980) ***Lustwandel***
(1981) *Wenn Der Südwind Weht*
(1981) | |


title: So Good (Louisa Johnson song)

abstract: "So Good" is a song recorded by English singer Louisa Johnson. It was released on 28 October 2016, through Syco. It was written and produced by Steve Mac with additional writing from Chelcee Grimes and Ed Drewett.

text:
# So Good (Louisa Johnson song)

"**So Good**" is a song recorded by English singer Louisa Johnson. It was released on 28 October 2016, through Syco. It was written and produced by Steve Mac with additional writing from Chelcee Grimes and Ed Drewett.

## Track listing

Digital download
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "So Good" | 3:10 |

Digital download
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "So Good" (Acoustic) | 3:06 |

Digital download
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "So Good" (Alex Adair Remix) | 3:29 |

## Live performances

Johnson performed the song for the first time on *The X Factor* on 30 October 2016. Other major performances of the single include her performance during the Jingle Bell Ball 2016 & 2017, as well as the Summertime Ball 2017.

## Charts and certifications

## InfoBox

| "So Good" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Louisa Johnson | |
| Released | 28 October 2016 (2016-10-28) |
| Genre | Pop |
| Length | 3:10 |
| Label | Syco |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * Steve Mac |
| Louisa Johnson singles chronology | |
| "Tears"
(2016) "**So Good**"
(2016) "Best Behaviour"
(2017) | |


title: Čista Mala

abstract: Čista Mala is a village in Croatia, in the municipality/town of Vodice, Šibenik-Knin County.

text:
# Čista Mala

**Čista Mala** (Serbian Cyrillic: Чиста Мала) is a village in Croatia, in the municipality/town of Vodice, Šibenik-Knin County.

## Geography

Čista Mala is located in Ravni Kotari, c. 7 km from Skradin, and 10 km north of Vodice.

## History

The Serbian Orthodox church of St. Nicholas was built in 1873.

The settlement was previously part of the Šibenik municipality.

## Demographics

According to the 2011 census, the village of Čista Mala has 119 inhabitants. This represents 19.97% of its pre-war population according to the 1991 census.

The 1991 census recorded that 93.96% of the village population were ethnic Serbs (560/596), 0.67% were Yugoslavs (4/596), 4.03% were ethnic Croats (24/596), and 1.34% were of other ethnic origin (8/596).

### Demographic history

* 2011 census: 119 inhabitants.
* 2001 census: 80 inhabitants.
* 1991 census: 596 inhabitants. 560 Serbs, 24 Croats, 4 Yugoslavs, 8 others and unknown.
* 1981 census: 577 inhabitants. 432 Serbs, 96 Yugoslavs, 19 Croats, 30 others and unknown.

*Historical population 1857-2011* **Sources**: Croatian Bureau of Statistics

## Anthropology

The native families (*starosjedioci*), all Orthodox by faith, were the: Berić, Vukojević, Vukša, Grulović, Dobrić, Lalić, Manojlović, Popović, Samardžić, Stjelja.

43°53′N 15°47′E / 43.883°N 15.783°E / 43.883; 15.783

## InfoBox

| Čista Mala | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Čista MalaLocation of Čista Mala in Croatia | |
| Coordinates: 43°52′54″N 15°46′44″E / 43.88167°N 15.77889°E / 43.88167; 15.77889 | |
| Country | Croatia |
| Region | AdriaticCroatia |
| County | Šibenik-Knin |
| Municipality | Vodice |
| Area | |
| Total | 16.2 km2 (6.3 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 112 m (367 ft) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 132 |
| Density | 8.1/km2 (21/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 22 223 Bribir |
| Area code | (+385) 22 |


title: The Big Gun (Stingray)

abstract: "The Big Gun" is the 17th episode of Stingray, a British Supermarionation television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and produced by their company AP Films for ITC Entertainment. Written by Alan Fennell and directed by David Elliott, it was first broadcast on 24 January 1965 on the Anglia, Border, Grampian, ATV London and Southern franchises of the ITV network. It subsequently aired on ATV Midlands on 26 January 1965. The series follows the missions of the World Aquanaut Security Patrol (WASP), an organisation responsible for policing the Earth's oceans in the 2060s. Headquartered in the self-contained city of Marineville on the West Coast of North America, the WASP operates a fleet of vessels led by Stingray: a combat submarine crewed by Captain Troy Tempest, Lieutenant "Phones" and Marina, a mute woman from under the sea. Stingray's missions bring it into contact with various undersea peoples – some friendly, others hostile – as well as strange natural phenomena. In "The Big Gun", Stingray pursues the people of the undersea city of Solarstar, which threatens the surface world with a weapon of mass destruction capable of obliterating whole continents. "The Big Gun" forms a segment of the Stingray compilation film Invaders from the Deep, produced by ITC New York in 1981. A comic strip adaptation of the episode, drawn by John Cooper, was serialised in Fleetway's Stingray: The Comic in 1993.

text:
# The Big Gun (Stingray)

"**The Big Gun**" is the 17th episode of *Stingray*, a British Supermarionation television series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson and produced by their company AP Films for ITC Entertainment. Written by Alan Fennell and directed by David Elliott, it was first broadcast on 24 January 1965 on the Anglia, Border, Grampian, ATV London and Southern franchises of the ITV network. It subsequently aired on ATV Midlands on 26 January 1965.

The series follows the missions of the World Aquanaut Security Patrol (WASP), an organisation responsible for policing the Earth's oceans in the 2060s. Headquartered in the self-contained city of Marineville on the West Coast of North America, the WASP operates a fleet of vessels led by *Stingray*: a combat submarine crewed by Captain Troy Tempest, Lieutenant "Phones" and Marina, a mute woman from under the sea. *Stingray*'s missions bring it into contact with various undersea peoples – some friendly, others hostile – as well as strange natural phenomena. In "The Big Gun", *Stingray* pursues the people of the undersea city of Solarstar, which threatens the surface world with a weapon of mass destruction capable of obliterating whole continents.

"The Big Gun" forms a segment of the *Stingray* compilation film *Invaders from the Deep*, produced by ITC New York in 1981. A comic strip adaptation of the episode, drawn by John Cooper, was serialised in Fleetway's *Stingray: The Comic* in 1993.

## Plot

The inhabitants of the undersea city of Solarstar have perfected a missile warhead capable of starting a chain reaction powerful enough to destroy entire landmasses – even continents. The missile is launched from a submersible armed with a giant cannon resembling a tank gun. Maritimus, one of Solarstar's citizens, tests the weapon on three unpopulated Pacific islands, each of which is obliterated. Returning to Solarstar, he is decorated by the city's leader, who vows to conquer human civilisation and orders Maritimus to destroy the West Coast of the United States.

World Security Patrol HQ orders Marineville to investigate the trail of devastation. Commander Shore dispatches *Stingray* and its crew survey the area. Captain Tempest and Lieutenant "Phones" detect Maritimus' vessel just as he is aiming a missile at a power station on the West Coast. They torpedo and destroy the craft before it can fire, but Maritimus survives by ejecting in an escape pod. The Solarstar leader subsequently orders the destruction of Marineville.

Taking a second submersible, Maritimus fires a missile at Marineville, but the base's defence rockets track and destroy the missile before it hits. With Marineville safe, *Stingray* goes after Maritimus. The crew are lured into the Solarstar Sea at the end of a deep-ocean tunnel, where Maritimus intends to ambush them. *Stingray* exceeds its maximum operating depth, and as the hull buckles from the water pressure, Tempest and Phones pass out and Maritimus moves in for the kill. The crew are saved at the last moment when Marina takes over the controls and shoots down Maritimus' vessel. With Marina's help, Tempest fires a salvo of torpedoes into Solarstar itself, destroying the city. *Stingray* returns to Marineville, where Shore orders upgrades to the WASP's defensive capabilities.

## Regular voice cast

## Production

The race of beings inhabiting Solarstar are unnamed in the episode itself but identified as the Trematodes in *Stingray: The Comic*.

Due to the re-use of various model shots, Maritimus' second submersible is sometimes represented by footage of the first. This produces several continuity errors, as the two craft are shown to have different insignias on their sides.

Original incidental music was recorded on 11 October 1963 at Pye Studios in London with a 28-piece orchestra. Music for the episode "Treasure Down Below" was recorded at the same session.

## Reception

Ian Fryer unfavourably compares the episode to "Treasure Down Below" (written by Dennis Spooner) and other episodes by Fennell, criticising the "simplistic militarism" of the script. He writes that the Solarstar people's motivations are not explained and questions the *Stingray* crew's decision to attack the city, given that Maritimus has been eliminated and the danger has passed: "An entire civilisation has been destroyed with hardly a second's thought."

## InfoBox

| "**The Big Gun**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Stingray* episode | |
| Episode no. | Episode 17 |
| Directed by | David Elliott |
| Written by | Alan Fennell |
| Cinematography by | John Read |
| Editing by | Harry MacDonald |
| Production code | 6 |
| Original air date | 24 January 1965 (1965-01-24) |
| Guest character voices | |
|  | |
|
|


title: Vera Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte

abstract: Vera Cruz is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Norte in the Northeast region of Brazil.

text:
# Vera Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte

**Vera Cruz** is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Norte in the Northeast region of Brazil.

6°02′38″S 35°25′40″W / 6.04389°S 35.42778°W / -6.04389; -35.42778

## InfoBox

| Vera Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte | |
| --- | --- |
| Municipality | |
| Country | Brazil |
| Region | Nordeste |
| State | Rio Grande do Norte |
| Mesoregion | Agreste Potiguar |
| Population (2020 ) | |
| Total | 12,637 |
| Time zone | UTC−3 (BRT) |


title: Municipality of the County of Richmond

abstract: The Municipality of the County of Richmond is a county municipality on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. It provides local government to the eponymous historical county, except for the Chapel Island 5 reserve. The municipality also contains the village of St. Peter's. Municipal office are at Arichat. It is the site of St. Peters Canal. It was named for a Governor General of British North America, Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond, and created in 1835, having formerly been part of Cape Breton County.

text:
# Municipality of the County of Richmond

The **Municipality of the County of Richmond** is a county municipality on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada. It provides local government to the eponymous historical county, except for the Chapel Island 5 reserve. The municipality also contains the village of St. Peter's. Municipal office are at Arichat. It is the site of St. Peters Canal.

It was named for a Governor General of British North America, Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond, and created in 1835, having formerly been part of Cape Breton County.

## Demographics

In the 2016 Census of Population Richmond County had a population of 8,964 in 5,122 private dwellings, a change of -3.5% from its 2011 population of 9,293. With a land area of 1,249.33 km2 (482.37 sq mi), it had a population density of 7.2/km2 (18.6/sq mi) in 2016.

## InfoBox

| Municipality of the County of Richmond | |
| --- | --- |
| County municipality | |
| Location of Richmond County, Nova Scotia | |
| Coordinates: 45°42′N 60°48′W / 45.7°N 60.8°W / 45.7; -60.8 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Nova Scotia |
| Established | 1835 |
| Incorporated | 1879 |
| Electoral Districts
Federal |
Cape Breton—Canso |
| Provincial | Cape Breton-Richmond |
| Government | |
| Type | Richmond County Municipal Council |
| Warden | Jason MacLean |
| Area | |
| Land | 1,249.33 km2 (482.37 sq mi) |
| Population (2016) | |
| Total | 8,964 |
| Density | 7.2/km2 (19/sq mi) |
| Change 2011-16 | 3.5% |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-3 (ADT) |
| Area code | 902 |
| Dwellings | 5,122 |
| Median Income\* | $40,188 CDN |
| Website | www.richmondcounty.ca |
| * Median household income, 2005 (all households) | |


title: Zoulameyong

abstract: Zoulameyong is a town in Komo Department, Estuaire Province, in north-western Gabon. It lies northeast of Kango and east of the N1 road.

text:
# Zoulameyong

**Zoulameyong** is a town in Komo Department, Estuaire Province, in north-western Gabon. It lies northeast of Kango and east of the N1 road.

## InfoBox

| Zoulameyong | |
| --- | --- |
| ZoulameyongLocation in Gabon | |
| Coordinates: 0°14′N 10°10′E / 0.233°N 10.167°E / 0.233; 10.167 | |
| Country | Gabon |
| Province | Estuaire Province |
| Department | Komo Department |


title: Nevis Laboratories

abstract: Nevis Labs is a research center owned and operated by Columbia University. It is located in Irvington, New York, on the 60-acre (240,000 m⁲) property originally owned by Col. James Alexander Hamilton, the son of Alexander Hamilton, a graduate of Columbia College. James Hamilton built his mansion on this estate and named it Nevis in honor of the birthplace of his father. The land was donated to the university by a branch of the DuPont family. Construction of the 400 MeV Nevis synchrocyclotron took place between 1947 and 1949. University president Dwight D. Eisenhower inaugurated the accelerator in June 1950. During its period of operation from 1950 until 1972, it was one of the world's most productive accelerators. Currently the laboratory specializes in the preparation, design, and construction of high-energy particle and nuclear experiments and equipment. These are transported to major laboratories worldwide. The lab also performs data analysis for these experiments. The laboratory is also home to the Radiological Research Accelerator Facility (RARAF) a National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering biotechnology resource center (P41) specializing in microbeam technology. The Nevis campus is crossed by the Croton Aqueduct, the first water tunnel supplying New York City and now a popular walking and cycling trail.

text:
# Nevis Laboratories

41°01′39″N 73°52′22″W / 41.0275°N 73.8728°W / 41.0275; -73.8728

**Nevis Labs** is a research center owned and operated by Columbia University. It is located in Irvington, New York, on the 60-acre (240,000 m2) property originally owned by Col. James Alexander Hamilton, the son of Alexander Hamilton, a graduate of Columbia College. James Hamilton built his mansion on this estate and named it Nevis in honor of the birthplace of his father.

The land was donated to the university by a branch of the DuPont family. Construction of the 400 MeV Nevis synchrocyclotron took place between 1947 and 1949. University president Dwight D. Eisenhower inaugurated the accelerator in June 1950. During its period of operation from 1950 until 1972, it was one of the world's most productive accelerators.

Currently the laboratory specializes in the preparation, design, and construction of high-energy particle and nuclear experiments and equipment. These are transported to major laboratories worldwide. The lab also performs data analysis for these experiments.

The laboratory is also home to the Radiological Research Accelerator Facility (RARAF) a National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering biotechnology resource center (P41) specializing in microbeam technology.

The Nevis campus is crossed by the Croton Aqueduct, the first water tunnel supplying New York City and now a popular walking and cycling trail.


title: 1991 Oyo State gubernatorial election

abstract: The 1991 Oyo State gubernatorial election occurred on December 14, 1991. SDP candidate Kolapo Ishola won the election.

text:
# 1991 Oyo State gubernatorial election

The **1991 Oyo State gubernatorial election** occurred on December 14, 1991. SDP candidate Kolapo Ishola won the election.

## Conduct

The gubernatorial election was conducted using an open ballot system. Primaries for the two parties to select their flag bearers were conducted on October 19, 1991.

The election occurred on December 14, 1991. SDP candidate Kolapo Ishola won the election.

## InfoBox

Oyo gubernatorial election
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Nominee Kolapo Ishola    Party SDP | |
| ---  **Elected Governor**
Kolapo Ishola
SDP | |


title: Luz (2020 film)

abstract: Luz – is a 2020 American LGBT romantic drama film written and directed by Jon Garcia, who also served as a producer. It stars Ernesto Reyes, Jesse Tayeh, Jimmy Garcia, Alma Gloria Garcia and Lowell Deo. The film had its premiere at Miami's OUTshine LGBTQ+ Film Festival on August 24, 2020. It was then screened at Reeling: The Chicago LGBTQ+ International Film Festival, Out on Film, FilmOut San Diego LGBT Film Festival and Seattle Queer Film Festival. The movie had a limited theatrical release on March 19, 2021 and was then released to DVD and streaming services on April 6, 2021.

text:
# Luz (2020 film)

***Luz*** – (/lz/) (pronounced *LOOZ*) is a 2020 American LGBT romantic drama film written and directed by Jon Garcia, who also served as a producer. It stars Ernesto Reyes, Jesse Tayeh, Jimmy Garcia, Alma Gloria Garcia and Lowell Deo. The film had its premiere at Miami's OUTshine LGBTQ+ Film Festival on August 24, 2020. It was then screened at Reeling: The Chicago LGBTQ+ International Film Festival, Out on Film, FilmOut San Diego LGBT Film Festival and Seattle Queer Film Festival. The movie had a limited theatrical release on March 19, 2021 and was then released to DVD and streaming services on April 6, 2021.

## Synopsis

Ruben has a job driving for his Mafiosa cousin. When he gets into a car accident while driving one of his cousin's "girls", killing her, he is sentenced to prison. Carlos is his cellmate in prison, and becomes his mentor and eventually his lover, and they end up developing real feelings for one another. Carlos is released from prison before Ruben and goes back to his life running an auto repair shop, and living with his mother and his girlfriend. A couple years later, Ruben is released and tracks him down. Carlos' girlfriend sees what is beginning to happen between the two men and leaves. Now Ruben and Carlos are left to figure out if what they had in prison was real, or just two people having a hook up in prison. In the end, they re-connect and determine what they had was genuine feelings for one another and now want to be together moving forward.

## Cast

* Ernesto Reyes as Ruben
* Jesse Tayeh as Carlos
* Jimmy Garcia as Sal
* Alma Gloria Garcia as Benilda
* Lowell Deo as Officer Dowden
* Rega Lupo as Julio
* Marian Mendez as Valerie
* Evie Riojas as Adriana

## Production notes

In an interview with *Latino Review Media*, Garcia revealed that initially the project was going to be a series with 30 minutes episodes, but when an opportunity came along to make it a feature film, he converted the script, combining the episodes to tell the story in a movie. Garcia said the inspiration for the production came from watching the 2016 film *Moonlight*. He also disclosed that Carlos' mother in the film was played by his own mother, Alma Gloria Garcia. The film was shot on location in Oregon.

## Critical reception

Josiah Teal wrote in his review for *Film Threat* that the film "tells a compelling story from start to finish...the love story is engaging and the prison framework adds tension to an already tense situation". He praised Reyes and Tayeh for giving "exceptional performances" and rated the movie 7/10. Roger Moore from *Movie Nation* was disappointed in the film, saying "if it was the least bit realistic and had even the tiniest hint of urgency about it, it could have amounted to something." Gary Kramer of *Gay City News* wasn't particularly impressed either, stating the film "is an amateur but watchable low-budget romance...Garcia shoehorns a few too many elements into his feature...but a slightly explicit sex scene will hold viewers attention".

*The New York Times* said Garcia "treats the physicality of their romance in a frank way...but Garcia is less adept at finding passion in between scenes of sex". They went on to say that even though there is some earnestness to their relationship, it eventually becomes emotional draining and "the romance feels monotonous". Australia's *Queer Screen* said both Reyes and Tayeh are "incredibly attractive and both bring a gravity to the roles and the overall relationship...and the film is an appealing romantic escape from reality". *The Geekiary* said Garcia "knows how to handle human emotion when handling queer characters and their issues with sexuality...the acting is good across the board, with both actors impressively delivering during emotionally vulnerable scenes". *Queer Guru* liked the film and Garcia's directing, saying his "plots are never easy to predict and once again he ensures we are sitting on the edge of our seats to the very last frame...it is a beautiful emotional story...and Garcia always shows an exceptional psyche into queer relationships and with such authenticity for someone who is actually an ally of our community".

## InfoBox

| Luz | |
| --- | --- |
| Film poster | |
| Directed by | Jon Garcia |
| Written by | Jon Garcia |
| Produced by | * Jon Garcia * Michael Repsch * Lacy Todd * Rodney Washington |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Sarah Whelden |
| Edited by | Matthew Gift |
| Music by | * Jim Brunberg * Benjamin Landsverk * Liz Vice * Edna Vazquez * Chispa y Los Complices * Skip vonKuske * Jon Garcia |
| Production<br>company | Lake Productions |
| Distributed by | Dark Star Pictures |
| Release date | * August 24, 2020 (2020-08-24) |
| Running time | 118 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | English |


title: So Good (Mica Paris album)

abstract: So Good is the debut album by British recording artist Mica Paris. It was released on 1 August 1988 by 4th & B'way Records. The album was a commercial success, peaking at number six on the UK Albums Chart and also appearing stateside on the Billboard 200 and Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. So Good was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), denoting shipments of more than 300,000 copies in the UK. Four singles were released from the album, all of which reached the top-30 of the UK Singles Chart. "My One Temptation" was chosen as the album's lead single, becoming a top-ten hit in the UK and also peaking within the top-20 of the Irish Singles and US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts. It was her first and remains her only entry on the US Billboard Hot 100. The album's fourth and final single is a cover of the Roberta Flack and Donny Hathaway single "Where Is the Love" and features American singer-songwriter Will Downing.

text:
# So Good (Mica Paris album)

***So Good*** is the debut album by British recording artist Mica Paris. It was released on 1 August 1988 by 4th & B'way Records.

The album was a commercial success, peaking at number six on the UK Albums Chart and also appearing stateside on the *Billboard* 200 and Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. *So Good* was certified platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), denoting shipments of more than 300,000 copies in the UK.

Four singles were released from the album, all of which reached the top-30 of the UK Singles Chart. "My One Temptation" was chosen as the album's lead single, becoming a top-ten hit in the UK and also peaking within the top-20 of the Irish Singles and US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts. It was her first and remains her only entry on the US *Billboard* Hot 100. The album's fourth and final single is a cover of the Roberta Flack and Donny Hathaway single "Where Is the Love" and features American singer-songwriter Will Downing.

## Background

Mica Paris began singing in community churches, aged seven, and joined a young gospel group, The Spirit of Watts, at 12. The Spirit of Watts featured on the Word Records *Buzz On The Streets* (1985) album and the Ears and Eyes *Gospel Joy - A Live Celebration* (1986) album. Aged 13, Paris sought session work, inspired by her father, a jazz trumpeter and flautist, as well as older friends and sister Alysha Warren (who also achieved success as a solo artist). She told *Ebony*, "I pretended to be older because I was tall for my age (5' 10") and I got my first session that way." Paris was also a backing singer for Hollywood Beyond, recording on their debut album *If* (1985), before signing her first record deal with jazz label 4th & Broadway (an Island Records subsidiary), while still a teenager.

Paris told *Ebony* that "you *do* have to be a tough girl to succeed in the music industry \[...\] but you *don't* have to be obnoxious and conceited. I can't walk the streets in London; everyone knows who Mica Paris is, but I've never let it get to me because I just don't believe in it \[...\] I think that's what keeps you above all the bad things that go into \[the business\] — when you maintain the way you are."

## Recording

Describing Paris as "the greatest of British gospel/soul singers", studio engineer Richard Digby Smith recounted:

> "Mica was unsigned at the time but it was apparent very early on that this incredibly talented young lady was going places. Her temperament suggested a reluctance at times to perform in the studio and she certainly tested the patience of her manager, Viv Broughton as well as mine and Nicky's. 'Don't feel like singing today' was her usual lament. 'Time is money, Mica,' was always Viv's response, 'so you've got no choice. Now do us all a favour and get a vocal on this track'. It was all a bit of a teasing game, good natured and at times quite hilarious. Mica would sulk into the studio, pick up the headphones, stand at the microphone and completely blow us all away with her powerfully passionate singing. Perfect intonation, the clearst of enunciation and so much soul. The tracks we recorded at Flame contributed to Mica's first album deal, *So Good*."

In *Ebony*, Paris expressed: "I gave it all I had when I worked on it." *Ebony* explained that, Paris expressed to label executives her desire "to make music that would cross over to the Black and White publics and still maintain the soul. And they told her politely that they didn't know how she was going to do that. She did it by carefully selecting her songs. She said, 'I refuse to sing songs that don't make sense to me — about Mercedes, or materialistic crap.'" *Ebony* wrote that the songs "blend pop and soul sounds"; "My One Temptation" being "upbeat and playful", while "Where is the Love" and the title track "So Good" "offer a bit more rhythm and blues".

Lead single, "My One Temptation", was written by British-born songwriters Mick Leeson and Peter Vale, who were both former school teachers who began writing in the early 1980s. They also wrote hits for Sheena Easton ("One Man Woman"), Alvin Stardust ("So Near to Christmas") and Haywoode ("Roses").

## Reception

### Critical response

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *The Rolling Stone Album Guide* |  |
| *Stereo Review* | satisfactory |
| *The Virgin Encyclopedia of R & B and Soul* |  |

*So Good* achieved generally positive reviews from critics. In a retrospective review, AllMusic editor, Alex Henderson praised Paris's "fine range", describing her as an "earthy singer" and compared her to American singer Natalie Cole. Furthermore, he wrote that Paris "is among the many noteworthy talents to come out of Britain's healthy R&B scene of the 1980s and '90s". Henderson listed "the haunting 'My One Temptation', the jazz-influenced 'Sway (Dance the Blues Away)' and the sizzling 'Nothing Hits Your Heart like Soul Music'" as the album's "more noteworthy cuts" but commented that "'Where Is the Love'... makes it crystal clear that she's quite capable of depth" and "does the most to test what Paris is truly made of".

### Commercial reception

*So Good* debuted and peaked at number six on the UK Albums Chart, dropping to number 10 in its second week on the chart and falling out of the top 10 the following week to number 19. Though *So Good* dropped out of the top forty in its sixth week to number forty-four it re-entered at number 40 the following week, holding the position for two weeks. The album dropped out of and re-entered the top-forty a total of four times before accumulating a total of thirty-two weeks on the chart. *So Good* was certified silver on 19 August 1988, gold on 8 September 1988 and platinum on 14 February 1989 by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI).

In the US, *So Good* peaked at number 86 on the *Billboard* 200, accumulating a total of 23 weeks on the chart but found greater success on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, peaking at 29 and accumulating a total of twenty-four weeks on the chart.

## Singles

"My One Temptation" was the first single released from the album and is Paris's biggest hit to date. It peaked at number 15 in Ireland and number seven in the UK, where it accumulated a total of 13 weeks on the singles chart. In the US, the song was also a top-10 hit on the *Billboard* component Adult Contemporary chart peaking at number seven. Furthermore, it peaked at number 15 and number 36 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and Hot Dance Club Songs charts respectively and remains Paris's only entry on the US *Billboard* Hot 100 where it reached number 97.

Her second and third singles, "Like Dreamers Do", featuring jazz musician Courtney Pine, and "Breathe Life Into Me", both peaked within the top 30 of the UK Singles Chart, while the latter also reached the top 30 of the US R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart (then titled "Hot Black Singles").

Her fourth and final single, "Where Is the Love", is a cover of the 1972 Grammy Award-winning Roberta Flack and Donny Hathaway single written by Ralph MacDonald and William Salter. It became the album's second top-20 hit in the UK and Paris's second and last appearance on the Irish Singles Chart, where it peaked at number 21.

In the US, "Don't Give Me Up" was released, reaching number 87 on the US R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart in the week of 9 December 1989.

## Track listing

All tracks composed by Mick Leeson and Peter Vale; except where indicated.

1. "Like Dreamers Do" (Miles Waters, Peter Vale, Sue Shifrin) (featuring Courtney Pine) - 4:22
2. "My One Temptation" (Mick Leeson, Miles Waters, Peter Vale) - 4:34
3. "Nothing Hits Your Heart Like Soul Music" - 4:25
4. "Sway (Dance The Blues Away)" - 4:51
5. "Don't Give Me Up" (Mica Paris, Paul Powell) - 3:39
6. "Breathe Life Into Me" - 4:58
7. "I'd Hate To Love You" - 4:48
8. "Great Impersonation" - 3:42
9. "Where Is the Love" (featuring Will Downing)^ - 3:28
10. "So Good" (Miles Waters, Peter Vale, Sue Shifrin) - 4:52

^Some releases feature the song "Words Into Action" (4:47) in place of "Where Is the Love".

## Personnel

**The Parisienne Choir**

### Production

* L'Equipe – producers (1-8, 10), mixing (1-8, 10)
* Will Downing – producer ("Words Into Action" and "Where Is the Love")
* Chris Burkett – engineer
* Raine Shine – engineer
* Lee Hamblin – mix engineer
* Michael J. Ade – assistant engineer
* Ed Buller – assistant engineer
* Ingmar Kiang – assistant engineer
* J.B. "Jaybee" Lierre – assistant engineer
* Hugo Nicolson – assistant engineer
* Nick Varack – assistant engineer
* Michael Nash Associates – design
* Robert Freeman – photography

## Charts

| Chart (1988) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australian Albums (ARIA) | 127 |
| Dutch Albums (Album Top 100) | 91 |
| New Zealand Albums (RMNZ) | 38 |
| UK Albums (OCC) | 6 |
| US *Billboard* 200 | 86 |
| US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums (*Billboard*) | 29 |

## Certifications

| Region | Certification | Certified units/sales |
| --- | --- | --- |
| United Kingdom (BPI) | Platinum | 300,000^ |
| ^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
 | | |

## InfoBox

| So Good | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Mica Paris | |
| Released | 1 August 1988 |
| Recorded | 1987–88 |
| Studio |  |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 41:38 |
| Label |  |
| Producer | * L'Equipe * Will Downing |
| Mica Paris chronology | |
| ***So Good***
(1988) *Contribution*
(1990) | |
|  | |
| Singles from  *So Good* | |
| 1. "My One Temptation"
Released: 1988 2. "Like Dreamers Do"
Released: 1988 3. "Breathe Life into Me"
Released: 1988 4. "Where Is the Love"
Released: 1988 | |
|  | |


title: Čistiny

abstract: Čistiny is a nature reserve in the Slovak municipality of Kamenný Most. It covers an area of 17,8 ha and has a protection level of 4 on national level. The national nature reserve was declared to protect the remnants of halophyte vegetation. Čistiny is located close to the Kamenínske slanisko national nature reserve with which it creates the biggest halophilous vegetation habitat remaining in Slovakia. Until the middle of the 20th century the area was known for its Puccinellietum limosae habitat. Recent research showed no evidence of these plants anymore.

text:
# Čistiny

**Čistiny** is a nature reserve in the Slovak municipality of Kamenný Most. It covers an area of 17,8 ha and has a protection level of 4 on national level. The national nature reserve was declared to protect the remnants of halophyte vegetation. Čistiny is located close to the Kamenínske slanisko national nature reserve with which it creates the biggest halophilous vegetation habitat remaining in Slovakia. Until the middle of the 20th century the area was known for its *Puccinellietum limosae* habitat. Recent research showed no evidence of these plants anymore.

47°52′02″N 18°38′09″E / 47.8672°N 18.6358°E / 47.8672; 18.6358

## InfoBox

| Čistiny | |
| --- | --- |
| Area | 1.78 km² |
| Established | 2001 |
| Governing body | ŠOP - S-CHKO Dunajské luhy |


title: The Call of the U.S.A.

abstract: The Call of the U.S.A. is a World War I era song released in 1918. Lyrics and music were written by John J. Donahue. The song was published in Lawrence, Massachusetts by Donahue. On the cover of the sheet music, there is an officer riding on horseback, alongside marching soldiers. The sheet music can be found at the Library of Congress and Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

text:
# The Call of the U.S.A.

**The Call of the U.S.A.** is a World War I era song released in 1918. Lyrics and music were written by John J. Donahue. The song was published in Lawrence, Massachusetts by Donahue. On the cover of the sheet music, there is an officer riding on horseback, alongside marching soldiers. The sheet music can be found at the Library of Congress and Pritzker Military Museum & Library.

## InfoBox

| "The Call of the U.S.A." | |
| --- | --- |
| Song | |
| Published | 1918 |
| Released | 1918 |
| Songwriter(s) | John J. Donahue |


title: Verrucotoxin

abstract: Verrucotoxin (VTX) is a lethal venom produced by the dorsal fins of Synanceia verrucosa. This species of reef stonefish is connected to the family Synanceiidae. The venom of this species of stonefish is a tetrameric glycoprotein with cardiovascular and cytolytic effects.

text:
# Verrucotoxin

**Verrucotoxin** (**VTX**) is a lethal venom produced by the dorsal fins of *Synanceia verrucosa*. This species of reef stonefish is connected to the family *Synanceiidae*. The venom of this species of stonefish is a tetrameric glycoprotein with cardiovascular and cytolytic effects.

## Structure

The structure of verrucotoxin is a tetrameric protein with a molecular weight of 322 KDa; the protein consists of two parts of an alpha subunit (83 KDa) and two parts of a beta subunit (78 KDa). Verrucotoxin shares a total of 96% homology to the closely related venom stonustoxin beta subunit. Stonustoxin is the venom produced from *Synanceia horrida*.

## Function and mechanism

Verrucotoxin has been studied to interact with both calcium ion channels and potassium ATP channels. The calcium ion channel is modulated by the activation of the β-adrenoceptors when verrucotoxin binds. There are three subunits of β-adrenoceptors, β1, β2, and β3, but only β2-adrenoceptors are responsible for the activation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase (PKA) pathway. The cAMP will phosphorylate muscle regulatory proteins and modulate intercellular calcium concentrations. It is through this method that verrucotoxin operates the concentrations of calcium in the cell. Verrucotoxin is a concentration-dependent toxin to the concentration of calcium ions; the presence of verrucotoxin can increase the calcium concentration three times the standard intercellular concentration. Additionally, verrucotoxin has been observed to cause a reversible prolonged action potential duration with zero change in resting membrane potential from ventricular myocytes in guinea pigs.

The second method verrucotoxin disrupts cells are through potassium ion channels, particularly the potassium adenosine triphosphate (KATP) pathway. The potassium ATP channel operates by pumping potassium ions out of the intercellular membrane. It’s capable of doing so by phosphorylating the channel with Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). Verrucotoxin is able to inhibit the operation of the potassium ATP through the activation of muscarinic M3 receptor-protein kinase C (PKC). It is the activation of the PKC that will inhibit the potassium ion channel. The PKC is presumably phosphorylating the KATP channel instead of ATP.

## Adverse effects

The stonefish, *Synanceia verrucosa*, has a diverse set of toxins that disrupts basic human ability. When injected with the toxins found in the dorsal fins of the fish, individuals will suffer from skeletal muscle paralysis, extreme pain, seizures, convulsions, respiratory arrest, and damage to the cardiovascular system. Verrucotoxin has been studied to be the cause of cardiovascular system damage, convulsions, seizures, and paralysis. For the cardiovascular system damage, it is caused by the sudden change in the intercellular calcium concentration leading to arrhythmia. The direct cause of seizures, convulsions, and paralysis are still being investigated.

1. Yazawa, K; Wang, J-W; Hao, L-Y; Onoue, Y; Kameyama, M (August 2007). "Verrucotoxin, a stonefish venom, modulates calcium channel activity in guinea-pig ventricular myocytes". *British Journal of Pharmacology*. **151** (8): 1198–1203. doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0707340. ISSN 0007-1188. PMC 2189832. PMID 17572694.
2. Wang, Jian-Wu; Yazawa, Kazuto; Hao, Li-Ying; Onoue, Yoshio; Kameyama, Masaki (June 2007). "Verrucotoxin inhibits KATP channels in cardiac myocytes through a muscarinic M3 receptor-PKC pathway". *European Journal of Pharmacology*. **563** (1–3): 172–179. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.02.004. PMID 17362922.
3. Johnson, Malcolm (1998-11-01). "The β -Adrenoceptor". *American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine*. **158** (supplement\_2): S146–S153. doi:10.1164/ajrccm.158.supplement\_2.13tac110. ISSN 1073-449X. PMID 9817738.
4. Tinker, Andrew; Aziz, Qadeer; Thomas, Alison (January 2014). "The role of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in cellular function and protection in the cardiovascular system". *British Journal of Pharmacology*. **171** (1): 12–23. doi:10.1111/bph.12407. ISSN 0007-1188. PMC 3874693. PMID 24102106.


abstract: North Main Street Historic District is a national historic district located at Poplar Bluff, Butler County, Missouri. It encompasses 19 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure in a predominantly residential section of Poplar Bluff. The district developed between about 1880 and 1954, and includes representative examples of Queen Anne, Neo-Classical Revival, Colonial Revival, Late Gothic Revival, and Bungalow / American Craftsman style architecture. Located in the district is the separately listed Moore-Dalton House. Other notable buildings include the Holy Cross Episcopal Church and the Zion Lutheran Church. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

text:
# North Main Street Historic District (Poplar Bluff, Missouri)

**North Main Street Historic District** is a national historic district located at Poplar Bluff, Butler County, Missouri. It encompasses 19 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure in a predominantly residential section of Poplar Bluff. The district developed between about 1880 and 1954, and includes representative examples of Queen Anne, Neo-Classical Revival, Colonial Revival, Late Gothic Revival, and Bungalow / American Craftsman style architecture. Located in the district is the separately listed Moore-Dalton House. Other notable buildings include the Holy Cross Episcopal Church (c. 1902) and the Zion Lutheran Church (c. 1947).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| North Main Street Historic District | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
| U.S. Historic district | |
|  | |
| 451 N. Main St. | |
|  | |
| Location | 400 block of N. Main St., Poplar Bluff, Missouri |
| Coordinates | 36°45′38″N 90°23′40″W / 36.76056°N 90.39444°W / 36.76056; -90.39444 |
| Area | 7.5 acres (3.0 ha) |
| Built | 1880 |
| Built by | McKowan Brothers, Williams, Roy L.; Rohwer, Henry |
| Architectural style | Queen Anne, Neo-Classical Revival, Colonial Revival, Late Gothic Revival, Bungalow/Craftsman |
| NRHP reference No. | 11000440 |
| Added to NRHP | July 14, 2011 |


title: Ángel Sánchez (fashion designer)

abstract: Ángel Sánchez is a Venezuelan fashion designer. He specializes in evening wear and bridal designs. He was inspired to enter fashion by his mother, who was an atelier, and combined that with his knowledge of architecture, which he practiced for many years and refers to as his "first love". Sánchez's designs reflect his architectural discipline and structure while creating new shapes and proportions that hold true to the timeless perfection of traditional couture. His designs are architectural, contemporary, and feminine; which always include a touch of drama.

text:
# Ángel Sánchez (fashion designer)

**Ángel Sánchez** (born October 7, 1960) is a Venezuelan fashion designer. He specializes in evening wear and bridal designs. He was inspired to enter fashion by his mother, who was an atelier, and combined that with his knowledge of architecture, which he practiced for many years and refers to as his "first love". Sánchez's designs reflect his architectural discipline and structure while creating new shapes and proportions that hold true to the timeless perfection of traditional couture. His designs are architectural, contemporary, and feminine; which always include a touch of drama.

## InfoBox

| Ángel Sánchez | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1960-10-07)7 October 1960 |
| Nationality | Venezuelan |
| Known for | fashion design |


title: Newport News Transportation Center

abstract: The Newport News Transportation Center is an Amtrak inter-city train station and intermodal transport hub in Newport News, Virginia. The station is located about 1 mile (1.6 km) from Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport on Bland Boulevard between Warwick Boulevard and Interstate 64. The station was constructed to consolidate all of the region's public transport entities into one location and serve as the new southern terminus of the two daily round trips on the Virginia Peninsula branch of the Northeast Regional, which previously terminated at the old Newport News station 9 miles (14 km) to the south. An Amtrak Thruway motorcoach connection to Norfolk station effectively doubles the frequency between each station and Washington. A second, smaller station in downtown Newport News was also proposed but has been indefinitely postponed. The station has a high platform with space for eight cars.

text:
# Newport News Transportation Center

The **Newport News Transportation Center** is an Amtrak inter-city train station and intermodal transport hub in Newport News, Virginia. The station is located about 1 mile (1.6 km) from Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport on Bland Boulevard between Warwick Boulevard and Interstate 64.

The station was constructed to consolidate all of the region's public transport entities into one location and serve as the new southern terminus of the two daily round trips on the Virginia Peninsula branch of the *Northeast Regional*, which previously terminated at the old Newport News station 9 miles (14 km) to the south. An Amtrak Thruway motorcoach connection to Norfolk station effectively doubles the frequency between each station and Washington. A second, smaller station in downtown Newport News was also proposed but has been indefinitely postponed. The station has a high platform with space for eight cars.

## History

The old Newport News station was planned to be replaced with two new stations—a large intermodal station near Newport News/Williamsburg International Airport and a smaller station in downtown Newport News.

The construction of the new station was necessary because the current 30-year-old station has a limited parking area, is inaccessible for people with physical disabilities, and has poor connectivity with local public transport services.

The station will be more energy-efficient and allow Amtrak to turn around trains more efficiently and maintain trains on-site. This would both increase ridership and decrease costs. The city planned to begin design work for the larger station in the summer of 2011, for an opening sometime before 2016. As of 2011, the cost was estimated at $24 million.

As of January 3, 2019, the project was in the planning phase for six years, having initially been planned to open in October 2018. On March 14, 2019, the project was further delayed until 2021, with the plans for the new downtown station dropped and the intermodal station to serve as the new terminus. Construction for the new intermodal station near the airport began on July 21, 2020. The project will cost $47 million and was originally expected to be completed by the summer of 2022. However, the city of Newport News announced on October 10, 2022, that the new station would not be open until the fall of 2023, citing unexpected construction delays. On March 16, 2023, a further delay to April 2024 due to supply chain issues was announced. On February 26, 2024, the expected opening date was pushed back to May or June 2024, with the project costing a total of $53 million. An additional delay to the fall to allow for the completion of construction and Amtrak's station testing process was announced on July 2, although the project remains on budget. The station finally opened on August 22.

A third *Northeast Regional* weekday round trip is planned, as of 2020, under a major spending initiative by the Virginia Department of Rail and Public Transportation.

## InfoBox

| Newport News, VA | |
| --- | --- |
| The station in August 2024 | |
| General information | |
| Location | 500 Bland Boulevard
Newport News, Virginia 23602
United States |
| Coordinates | 37°07′23″N 76°31′07″W / 37.1230°N 76.5185°W / 37.1230; -76.5185 |
| Owned by | Amtrak, CSX, and Newport News Parking Authority |
| Line(s) | CSX Peninsula Subdivision |
| Platforms | 1 side platform |
| Tracks | 1 |
| Connections | Amtrak Thruway
Hampton Roads Transit: 106, 107 |
| Construction | |
| Parking | Yes |
| Accessible | Yes |
| History | |
| Opened | August 22, 2024 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station  Amtrak Following station  *Terminus*  *Northeast Regional*  Williamsburgtoward Boston South or Springfield | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location | |


title: 1991 Overseas final

abstract: The 1991 Overseas Final was the eleventh running of the Overseas Final as part of the qualification for the 1991 Speedway World Championship Final to be held in Göteborg, Sweden. The 1991 Final was held at the Odsal Stadium in Bradford, England on 23 June and was the second last qualifying round for Commonwealth and American riders. With the (temporary) ending of the Intercontinental Final, the Top 9 riders from the Overseas Final qualified for the new World Semi-final's.

text:
# 1991 Overseas final

The **1991 Overseas Final** was the eleventh running of the Overseas Final as part of the qualification for the 1991 Speedway World Championship Final to be held in Göteborg, Sweden. The 1991 Final was held at the Odsal Stadium in Bradford, England on 23 June and was the second last qualifying round for Commonwealth and American riders.

With the (temporary) ending of the Intercontinental Final, the Top 9 riders from the Overseas Final qualified for the new World Semi-final's.

## 1991 Overseas Final

| Pos. | Rider | Total |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Kelvin Tatum | 13 |
| 2 | Sam Ermolenko | 12+3 |
| 3 | Billy Hamill | 12+2 |
| 4 | Andy Smith | 11 |
| 5 | Paul Thorp | 10 |
| 6 | Ronnie Correy | 9 |
| 7 | Jeremy Doncaster | 7 |
| 8 | Mitch Shirra | 7 |
| 9 | Kelly Moran | 7 |
| 10 | Todd Wiltshire | 6+3 |
| 11 | Glenn Doyle | 6+2 |
| 12 | Joe Screen | 5 |
| 13 | Rick Miller | 4 |
| 14 | Gary Havelock | 4 |
| 15 | Leigh Adams | 4 |
| 16 | Neil Collins | 3 |


title: Lyciasalamandra fazilae

abstract:
Lyciasalamandra fazilae, or Fazila's salamander, is a species of salamander in the family Salamandridae found only in Turkey. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

text:
# Lyciasalamandra fazilae

***Lyciasalamandra fazilae***, or **Fazila's salamander**, is a species of salamander in the family Salamandridae found only in Turkey. Its natural habitats are temperate forests and Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## InfoBox

| *Lyciasalamandra fazilae* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Urodela |
| Family: | Salamandridae |
| Genus: | *Lyciasalamandra* |
| Species: | ***L. fazilae*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lyciasalamandra fazilae***
(Basoglu & Atatür, 1974) | |
|


title: So Good It Hurts

abstract: So Good It Hurts is an album by the British band the Mekons, released in 1988. "Ghosts of American Astronauts" was released as a single. The band supported the album with a North American tour, as well as shows in England.

text:
# So Good It Hurts

***So Good It Hurts*** is an album by the British band the Mekons, released in 1988. "Ghosts of American Astronauts" was released as a single. The band supported the album with a North American tour, as well as shows in England.

## Production

The band added a reggae influence to the country sound of their mid-1980s albums. Eleven musicians contributed to the recording of *So Good It Hurts*. As on previous albums, the band included text and footnotes, partly to inform, partly for ironic reasons. "(Sometimes I Feel Like) Fletcher Christian" is about the death of Fletcher Christian. "Heart of Stone" is a cover of the Rolling Stones song, sung by Sally Timms, who wasn't pleased with the completed track. "Vengeance" reminds listeners that the administrations of Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher won't last forever. The title of "I'm Not Here (1967)" is a tribute to Bob Dylan. "Dora" was inspired in part by Sigmund Freud's case study. "Robin Hood" posits that the outlaw had homosexual relationships with his Merry Men.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| Robert Christgau | B+ |
| *The Encyclopedia of Popular Music* |  |
| *Lincoln Journal Star* |  |
| *MusicHound Rock: The Essential Album Guide* |  |
| *The Philadelphia Inquirer* |  |
| *The Rolling Stone Album Guide* |  |
| *Spin Alternative Record Guide* | 6/10 |

*The Philadelphia Inquirer* wrote that "the music is stirring in its imaginative off-handedness, the genres are never condescended to ... and the politics are stated forcefully, without apology or fence-straddling." *The Gazette* determined that "Mekons have developed—almost despite themselves—into a band of shambolic but astonishing musical and lyric depth." Robert Christgau, noting the reggae influence, opined that "the skank that kicks things off is as lovable as anything they've ever done." The *Edmonton Journal* called the album "a sophisticated, stimulating roots record."

*Trouser Press* deemed the album "a more polished, pop-friendly production." *The Washington Post* stated that "a relaxed, island-bopping rhythm has gently infiltrated the demented country 'n' western of the Mekons." *The New York Times* concluded that "the music kicks along, and the band has developed a real sense of melody." The *Chicago Sun-Times* likened the album to "the Clash's *Sandinista* without the filler."

AllMusic wrote that "the deep basslines of dub and the one-drop snap of the drums merely add another filter to the overall picture of distance and ambivalence, though it's worth noting that the Mekons take to reggae like ducks to water, and this is perhaps the tightest and best-focused album the group released in the 1980s." *The Rolling Stone Album Guide* dismissed *So Good It Hurts* as "bad-imitation BeauSoleil."

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "I'm Not Here (1967)" |  |
| 2. | "Ghosts of American Astronauts" |  |
| 3. | "The Road to Florida" |  |
| 4. | "Johnny Miner" |  |
| 5. | "Dora" |  |
| 6. | "Poxy Lips" |  |
| 7. | "(Sometimes I Feel Like) Fletcher Christian" |  |
| 8. | "Fantastic Voyage" |  |
| 9. | "Robin Hood" |  |
| 10. | "Heart of Stone" |  |
| 11. | "Maverick" |  |
| 12. | "Vengeance" |  |

## InfoBox

| So Good It Hurts | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by the Mekons | |
| Released | 1988 |
| Label | Twin/Tone |
| The Mekons chronology | |
| *New York*
(1987) ***So Good It Hurts***
(1988) *Original Sin*
(1989) | |


title: Čisti Breg

abstract: Čisti Breg is a small settlement on the left bank of the Krka River in the Municipality of Šentjernej in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

text:
# Čisti Breg

**Čisti Breg** (pronounced \[ˈtʃiːsti ˈbɾeːk\]) is a small settlement on the left bank of the Krka River in the Municipality of Šentjernej in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. It is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

## InfoBox

| Čisti Breg | |
| --- | --- |
| Čisti BregLocation in Slovenia | |
| Coordinates: 45°52′33.03″N 15°22′21.6″E / 45.8758417°N 15.372667°E / 45.8758417; 15.372667 | |
| Country | Slovenia |
| Traditional region | Lower Carniola |
| Statistical region | Southeast Slovenia |
| Municipality | Šentjernej |
| Area | |
| Total | 0.35 km2 (0.14 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 151.8 m (498.0 ft) |
| Population (2002) | |
| Total | 24 |
|  | |


title: The Book of Basketball

abstract: The Book of Basketball: The NBA According to the Sports Guy is the second book by former ESPN columnist Bill Simmons. Published in 2009, it covers the history of the National Basketball Association (NBA). In 2019, Simmons launched a sequel podcast series, Book of Basketball 2.0, which analyzes the evolution of the league since the book was published.

text:
# The Book of Basketball

***The Book of Basketball: The NBA According to the Sports Guy*** is the second book by former ESPN columnist Bill Simmons. Published in 2009, it covers the history of the National Basketball Association (NBA). In 2019, Simmons launched a sequel podcast series, **Book of Basketball 2.0**, which analyzes the evolution of the league since the book was published.

## Background

At the time of the book's publishing, Simmons had been writing under the name “The Sports Guy” for 12 years, 9 of them with ESPN, and was receiving 1.4 million page views per month. In 2006, he started developing the idea for *The Book of Basketball*, spending three years reading over 80 books on basketball and watching 400 game tapes.

Simmons's goal in the book was to figure out why some players or teams matter more than others. The original premise for the book was to "blow up the Basketball Hall of Fame and reconstruct it like an Egyptian pyramid." As he continued his research, he realized that there was "no real way to compare players from different eras without a common theme in place." Simmons derived an idea that he admitted was not perfect, but helped in finding a fair ranking system for players past and present. He took into account NBA championships, regular season and playoff statistics, as well as longevity and flair. Simmons chose Tom Chambers as the first player in his new Pyramid (96th out of 96) because he saw Chambers as the "Was Player A better than...?" example for power forwards, and wanted to establish that baseline to underline the multi-tiered structure of his reimagined, moved-to-Indiana Hall of Fame.

While the book's Hall of Fame-related sections comprise about half the pages used (from 263 to 627, spanning chapters six through 11, in the paperback), the book leads into this by covering several key matters in NBA history. These involve Simmons' recounting of his father (Bill Sr.) purchasing a season ticket for only $4 a game as the Celtics rose and fell and rose (and critically rose when Larry Bird arrived in Boston); a meeting with Simmons' non-fan Isiah Thomas that turned into a surprisingly friendly discussion about "The Secret of basketball"; an overview of how Bill Russell was the greatest center of all-time (and NOT Wilt Chamberlain); a history of how the NBA evolved between 1949 and 1984 into what it is today; dozens of what-if scenarios for the NBA (including "What if the Detroit Pistons had drafted Carmelo Anthony instead of Darko Milicic in 2003?" and "What if the 1984 NBA Draft had unfolded differently?"); and a breakdown of past Most Valuable Player awards that were divided into completely deserving winners (all five trophies won by Michael Jordan), winners who were questionable but ultimately all right (such as Bill Walton's win in 1978) and winners who were travesties of justice (Jordan losing out to Charles Barkley in 1993 and Karl Malone in 1997). Stories are included of "The first time I witnessed this player live" moments that Bill recounts from his childhood, as well as anecdotes from his professional career in sports writing.

In 2010, Simmons released an updated paperback version of the book, cutting 30 pages from the original, fixing factual errors, adding new material, including fixing footnotes, updating his Hall of Fame Pyramid, and including a virtual guide. This updated version was released on December 7, 2010.

## Synopsis

From *The Wall Street Journal*:

"In what passes for structure, Mr. Simmons offers a brief (for him) history of the league. Then he "corrects" every mistaken MVP award the NBA ever handed out. Then he imagines every detail of a new and improved Basketball Hall of Fame, naming the 96 players who belong there and offering an analysis of each selection. Then he ranks the top 20 teams of all time. Finally, he conjures up the perfect 12-man roster to face a team of Martians with the fate of Earth on the line—with the 1985 version of Magic Johnson passing to a 1992 vintage of Mr. Jordan and the 2003 Tim Duncan rebounding."

## Reception

*The Book of Basketball* debuted at #1 on the New York Times bestseller list and spent 6 weeks in the top 15. It was named to Amazon's "Best Books of the Month" for October 2009. *The Book of Basketball* has been profiled in *The Wall Street Journal*, Deadspin, *Dallas Morning News*, *The New York Times* and *The Washington Post*.

Reviews for *The Book of Basketball* have been mostly positive, although it has been criticized for its length and editing. The *Wall Street Journal* notes that "Mr. Simmons may not resolve every long-standing hoops debate—who could?—but he compensates with plenty of detail and humor. And he has produced enough provocative arguments to fuel barstool arguments far into the future."

Several writers in *New York'*s Vulture Blog objected to sexism in the book. Tommy Craggs found Simmons' sexism "astounding", citing Simmons' quote: "Every time I watch Jason Kidd play, initially it's like seeing a girl walk into a bar who's just drop-dead gorgeous, but then when he throws up one of those bricks, it's like the gorgeous girl taking off her jacket and you see she has tiny mosquito bites for tits." Ben Mathis-Lilley found Simmons' sexism "intrusively abhorrent", stating that "I actually stopped bothering to copy down the most egregious comments and figured I'd just note when Simmons mentioned a woman for any reason other than evaluating her appeal as something to put a penis in. I'm open to correction on this, but I believe it was when he praised Meryl Streep's acting somewhere around page 500."

## Book of Basketball 2.0

On October 30, 2019, Simmons announced the sequel, "Book of Basketball 2.0", as a podcast which would consist of interviews with players, coaches, and top media members to determine how the league has evolved and where it’s headed.

## InfoBox

The Book of Basketball: The NBA According to the Sports Guy
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Bill Simmons |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Sports |
| Publisher | ESPN Books |
| Publication date | 2009 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print |
| Pages | 736 pp |
| ISBN | 978-0-345-51176-8 |
| Preceded by | *Now I Can Die in Peace* |