title: Ujda Chaman

abstract: Ujda Chaman is a 2019 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film directed and produced by Abhishek Pathak along with produced by Kumar Mangat Pathak under the Panorama Studios banner. Starring Sunny Singh, Maanvi Gagroo, Saurabh Shukla, Karishma Sharma and Aishwarya Sakhuja, it is an official remake of the 2017 Kannada dramedy film Ondu Motteya Kathe. It was theatrically released in India on 1 November 2019. The film is about a balding 30-year-old bachelor who is in search of a wife and is given a deadline to find one or remain celibate forever.

text:
# Ujda Chaman

***Ujda Chaman*** (transl.Destroyed Garden) is a 2019 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film directed and produced by Abhishek Pathak along with produced by Kumar Mangat Pathak under the Panorama Studios banner. Starring Sunny Singh, Maanvi Gagroo, Saurabh Shukla, Karishma Sharma and Aishwarya Sakhuja, it is an official remake of the 2017 Kannada dramedy film *Ondu Motteya Kathe*. It was theatrically released in India on 1 November 2019.

The film is about a balding 30-year-old bachelor who is in search of a wife and is given a deadline to find one or remain celibate forever.

## Plot

A 30 year balding Hindi lecturer, Chaman Kohli searches desperately for a suitable girl to marry after his family astrologer warns him that if he doesn't get married before his 31st birthday, then he'll have to spend his whole life in celibacy. He confides in his friend who also happens to be the clerk of the college. He advises him to go and search for a bridesmaid at a wedding as that’s where many relationships are formed. Chaman tries to woo a girl at his friend’s wedding but later discovers her making out with his brother Goldie. He tries to ask his colleagues out on the clerk’s advice but they also deny saying they’ve got their respective boyfriends.

Chaman tries to solve the problem by using a wig, but when his bluff is exposed, he leaves in disgust. A first year student, Aaina, comes to him and consoles him for his mockery by other students. She befriends him and hangs out with him only to get hold of the exam questions. Goldie sees Aaina and Chaman together and tells the family about them making them very happy. She later becomes very indifferent towards him and refuses to even talk. Chaman finds solace on Tinder and meets Apsara, a make up artist but oversized girl. Both of them instantly dislike each other because of their looks and the edited pictures they uploaded but agree on being friends as an excuse to leave the date. Later Chaman offers to drop Apsara and both end up having an accident. In hospital their families bond well and assume them a couple. They set their Roka ceremony much to Chaman’s chagrin, but Apsara starts falling for him. She posts their picture on Facebook which becomes a laughing stock for students who post hate comments, making Chaman really upset. He asks Apsara to delete it when she tries hard to explain to him that people will say some or the other thing but he shouldn’t react on everything and accept himself the way he is.

On their engagement, Chaman texts Apsara that he is not happy with this union and she takes the blame on herself calling off the ceremony. Chaman sulks in private and the clerk notices this and takes him to dinner at his place. He introduces him to his wife who is mute and yet how happy they are as a couple. Later Chaman starts dating a colleague who earlier rejected him. She asks him to meet his parents by wearing his wig. This gives Chaman an epiphany of how honest and pure Apsara was, as she accepted him for his inner beauty and not his debonair looks. He goes and apologises to her and they are seen living happily together.

## Cast

## Production

Ujda Chaman has been shot in New Delhi, Noida & Ghaziabad. Hansraj College (University of Delhi), Red Fort (Lal Quila), India Gate, Gali Lalten Wali (Azad Market), Vinobapuri, Central Market (Lajpat Nagar), Dilli Haat, Mehrauli, Hauz Khas Village, Sector 30 (Noida) & Yashoda Hospital Ghaziabad.

## Marketing and release

The first look poster of the film was released on 1 October and, on the same day, the trailer was also released by Panorama Studios. The film was released on 1 November 2019.

## Reception

### Critical response

*Ujda Chaman* received generally mixed to positive reviews from critics;

*Filmfare* gave 2.5 stars out of 5 and said, 'Overall, while the film does raise some important issues, it suffers from faulty execution. It comes across as a missed opportunity at best...' Komal Nahta of *Film Information* said, '*Ujda Chaman* is definitely not the laugh riot it ought to have been and is, in that sense, a very disappointing fare.' *Bollywood Hungama* gave 2 stars out of 5 and said '*Ujda Chaman* has a promising and relatable story but the inconsistent execution and predictable narrative spoils the show.'

### Box office

*Ujda Chaman*'s opening day domestic collection was 2.35 crore. On the second day, the film collected 3.30 crore. On the third day, the film collected 3.61 crore, taking total opening weekend collection to 9.29 crore.

As of 9 November 2019, with a gross of 12.07 crore in India and 91 lacs overseas, the film has a worldwide gross collection of 12.98 crore.

## Soundtrack

| Ujda Chaman | |
| --- | --- |
| Soundtrack album by Gourov - Roshin and Guru Randhawa | |
| Released | 1 November 2019 |
| Recorded | 2019 |
| Studio | GnR Studios |
| Genre | Feature film soundtrack |
| Length | 15:42 |
| Language | Hindi |
| Label | T-Series |
| Producer | Roshin Balu |
| External audio  Official Audio Jukebox on YouTube | |

The music is composed by Gourov - Roshin and lyrics written by Devshi Khanduri. Originally song "Outfit" was sung by Guru Randhawa composed by Preet Hundal and lyrics by Guru Randhawa and Ikka.

Track list
| No. | Title | Singer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Chand Nikla" | Divya Kumar | 4:37 |
| 2. | "Twinkle Twinkle" | Tochi Raina | 3:22 |
| 3. | "Outfit" (Music and lyrics by Guru Randhawa) | Guru Randhawa | 2:41 |
| 4. | "Oh Bandeya" | Yasser Desai | 5:02 |
| Total length: | | | 15:42 |

## InfoBox

| Ujda Chaman | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Abhishek Pathak |
| Written by | Danish J. Singh |
| Based on | *Ondu Motteya Kathe*
by Raj B. Shetty |
| Produced by |  |
| Starring |  |
| Cinematography | Sudhir K. Chaudhary |
| Edited by | Ritesh Soni |
| Music by | **Songs:**
Gourov - Roshin
Guru Randhawa
**Score:**
Hitesh Sonik
Amar Mohile |
| Production
company |  |
| Distributed by | * Panorama Studios * PVR Pictures * Glamour Eyes Films * Anand Pandit Motion Pictures |
| Release date | * 1 November 2019 (2019-11-01) |
| Running time | 120 minutes |
| Country | India |
| Language | Hindi |
| Budget | 12 crore |
| Box office | est. 12.61 crore |


title: Teodoro Ardemans

abstract: Teodoro de Ardemans or Ardmans was a Spanish architect and painter. Ardemans was born in Madrid to a German father. He was a disciple of the painter Claudio Coello, although he mainly practiced architecture; the municipality of Toledo named him master of the Cathedral of Toledo. In 1702, King Philip V of Spain named him to succeed José del Olmo as the master for Royal works, and in 1704 as their chamber painter. He worked on the extensive renovations of the Palace of Aranjuez, including completing the facade to a design of Francisco Herrera. He also helped in the decoration of the Palace of la Granja de San Ildefonso, including the chapel.

text:
# Teodoro Ardemans

**Teodoro de Ardemans** or **Ardmans** (ca. 16611726) was a Spanish architect and painter.

Ardemans was born in Madrid to a German father.

He was a disciple of the painter Claudio Coello, although he mainly practiced architecture; the municipality of Toledo named him master of the Cathedral of Toledo. In 1702, King Philip V of Spain named him to succeed José del Olmo as the master for Royal works, and in 1704 as their chamber painter. He worked on the extensive renovations of the Palace of Aranjuez, including completing the facade to a design of Francisco Herrera. He also helped in the decoration of the Palace of la Granja de San Ildefonso, including the chapel.

## Bibliography


title: Tenzin Jigme

abstract: Tenzin Jigme was a Tibetan tulku and the sixth Reting Rinpoche. His reincarnation is recognized by the (unrecognized) Cental Tibetan Adiministration in exile. His recognition is being challenged by another sixth Reting Rinpoche who acts by the title of Reting Hutukthu; hutukthu equal to rinpoche and mainly in use in Mongolia.

text:
# Tenzin Jigme

**Tenzin Jigme (Thutob Wangchuk)** (Lhasa, 1948  February 13, 1997) was a Tibetan tulku and the sixth Reting Rinpoche.

His reincarnation is recognized by the (unrecognized) Cental Tibetan Adiministration in exile. His recognition is being challenged by another sixth Reting Rinpoche who acts by the title of Reting Hutukthu; *hutukthu* equal to *rinpoche* and mainly in use in Mongolia.

## Life

Tenzin Jigme was identified as the reincarnation of the fifth Reting Rinpoche Jamphel Yeshe Gyaltsen in 1951 and enthroned in 1955.

In 1956 (eight years old) he was the first to be assigned to the Tibet Committee of the Buddhist Association of China.

Jigme stayed in Tibet when the Tibetan government went in exile in 1959 during the Tibetan diaspora. During the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) he was publicly denounced by the authorities because of his religious position. Next he was imprisoned for one year. Later he was rehabilitated and at the end of the 1970s he was appointed to several official posts. Comparably with the tenth Panchen Lama he was married and lived as a layman.

His next reincarnation was appointed by the People's Republic of China. This reincarnation is not recognized by the (itself unrecognized) Central Tibetan Administration in exile.

1. "Reting monks detained following protest over reincarnation (TIN)". Archived from the original on 2011-06-10.


title: Tenshin Memorial Museum of Art, Ibaraki

abstract: Tenshin Memorial Museum of Art, Ibaraki The Tenshin Memorial Museum of Art, Ibaraki opened in Kitaibaraki, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan in 1997. It has a memorial room dedicated to Okakura Tenshin and his works and displays other items of Japanese art, especially by the artists of the Izura coast.

text:
# Tenshin Memorial Museum of Art, Ibaraki

The **Tenshin Memorial Museum of Art, Ibaraki** (茨城県天心記念五浦美術館, *Ibaraki-ken Tenshin Kinen Izura Bijutsukan*) opened in Kitaibaraki, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan in 1997. It has a memorial room dedicated to Okakura Tenshin and his works and displays other items of Japanese art, especially by the artists of the Izura coast.

## InfoBox

Tenshin Memorial Museum of Art
| 茨城県天心記念五浦美術館 | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Established | 8 November 1997 (1997-11-08) |
| Location | 2083 Tsubaki, Otsu-cho, Kitaibaraki-shi, Ibaraki-ken, Japan |
| Coordinates | 36°50′22.1″N 140°47′58″E / 36.839472°N 140.79944°E / 36.839472; 140.79944 |
| Type | Modern Art, Nihonga |
| Owner | Ibaraki Prefecture |
| Nearest parking | 125 cars, 10 buses |
| Website | www.rekishikan.museum.ibk.ed.jp/index.htm |
| Building details | |
|  | |
| Technical details | |
| Floor area | 5,850 m2 |
|  | |


title: Terebra adamsii

abstract: Terebra adamsii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Terebridae, the auger snails.

text:
# Terebra adamsii

***Terebra adamsii*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Terebridae, the auger snails.

## Description

## Distribution

## InfoBox

| *Terebra adamsii* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Family: | Terebridae |
| Genus: | *Terebra* |
| Species: | ***T. adamsii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Terebra adamsii***<br>E.A. Smith, 1873 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Cinguloterebra adamsii* (E. A. Smith, 1873) * *Terebra hedlayana* Pilsbry, 1905 * *Terebra hedleyi* Pilsbry, 1904 * *Terebra jeffreysi* E.A. Smith, 1879 | |


title: Tepper Palace

abstract: Tepper's Palace was a palace on Miodowa Street in the Polish capital of Warsaw. It was designed by Ephraim Schröger in 1774 for the banker Piotr Tepper, replacing the former Firlejów manor on the site. Soon afterwards it was shown in the Bernardo Bellotto painting Miodowa Street. After Poland was dissolved in 1793, it passed to Tepper's adoptive nephew Piotr Fergusson Tepper before passing through several other hands. In 1807 it hosted a ball organised by Charles Talleyrand in honour of Napoleon I. Between 1815 and 1818 its first and second floors housed the Government Commission of the Revenue and Treasury. Narcyza Żmichowska lived in the building between 1856 and 1862. It burned down during the siege of Warsaw in September 1939 and in 1948 its ruins were demolished to build the Warsaw W-Z Route. Its demolition unearthed a large number of bottles of wine and other spirits stored in its cellar for safekeeping just before the war by Simon and Stecki.

text:
# Tepper Palace

**Tepper's Palace** was a palace on Miodowa Street in the Polish capital of Warsaw.

It was designed by Ephraim Schröger in 1774 for the banker Piotr Tepper, replacing the former Firlejów manor on the site. Soon afterwards it was shown in the Bernardo Bellotto painting *Miodowa Street*. After Poland was dissolved in 1793, it passed to Tepper's adoptive nephew Piotr Fergusson Tepper before passing through several other hands. In 1807 it hosted a ball organised by Charles Talleyrand in honour of Napoleon I. Between 1815 and 1818 its first and second floors housed the Government Commission of the Revenue and Treasury. Narcyza Żmichowska lived in the building between 1856 and 1862.

It burned down during the siege of Warsaw in September 1939 and in 1948 its ruins were demolished to build the Warsaw W-Z Route. Its demolition unearthed a large number of bottles of wine and other spirits stored in its cellar for safekeeping just before the war by Simon and Stecki.

## Sources

* (in Polish) *Encyklopedia Warszawy.* Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 1994, s. 608. ISBN 83-01-08836-2.

52°14′45″N 21°00′42″E / 52.2458°N 21.0116°E / 52.2458; 21.0116


title: Teramulus kieneri

abstract: Teramulus kieneri, the Keiner's silverside or vily, is a species of silverside endemic to Madagascar where it is found in rivers around on the eastern coast. This species was described by J.L.B. Smith in 1965 with the type locality given as the coastal swamps near Tamatave. It has since been found in other areas of the island, including the basin of the Nosivolo River and in the Bemarivo River. Smith gave this species the specific name keineri to honour the French fisheries scientist, André Kiener, who assisted in the collection of the type in 1961, although it was initially reported as Atherinomorus duodecimalis. It is the type species of the genus Teramulus.

text:
# Teramulus kieneri

***Teramulus kieneri***, the **Keiner's silverside** or **vily**, is a species of silverside endemic to Madagascar where it is found in rivers around on the eastern coast. This species was described by J.L.B. Smith in 1965 with the type locality given as the coastal swamps near Tamatave. It has since been found in other areas of the island, including the basin of the Nosivolo River and in the Bemarivo River. Smith gave this species the specific name *keineri* to honour the French fisheries scientist, André Kiener, who assisted in the collection of the type in 1961, although it was initially reported as *Atherinomorus duodecimalis*. It is the type species of the genus *Teramulus*.

## InfoBox

| *Teramulus kieneri* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Least Concern  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Atheriniformes |
| Family: | Atherinidae |
| Genus: | *Teramulus* |
| Species: | ***T. kieneri*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Teramulus kieneri***
J. L. B. Smith, 1965 | |
|


title: Teramoto Asuka

abstract: Teramoto Asuka OLY Teramoto Asuka is a Japanese gymnast. Teramoto was born in Komaki, Aichi. Her first major international senior competition was the 2011 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Tokyo, Japan. In the team all-around finals, she contributed on vaulting, uneven bars, and balance beam towards the Japanese team's 7th-place finish. She also qualified for the uneven bars final in 8th place. She ended up finishing in a tie for 5th with Gabrielle Douglas, finishing ahead of teammate Tsurumi Kōko. That event was won by Viktoria Komova of Russia. She competed for the national team at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Women's artistic team all-around. Teramoto also qualified 8th for the individual all-around, as well as being named a reserve for both the balance beam and floor exercise finals. She ended up placing 11th in the all-around final. She was the smallest and lightest competitor, at 1.36 m tall and weighing 30 kg (66 lb), of all those at the Games. In October 2013, Teramoto competed at the 2013 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Antwerp, Belgium. After a mediocre qualification competition, she managed to qualify for the individual all-around final in 23rd place. She did much better in the final, finishing in 9th, ahead of teammate Natsumi Sasada, who finished in 23rd. That final was won by Simone Biles of the United States. Teramoto also competed at a World Cup event in Glasgow, finishing 4th in the women's individual all-around, which was won by Larisa Iordache of Romania. At the 2014 Japanese National Championships, Teramoto became the uneven bars champion, as well as the all-around silver medalist behind Natsumi Sasada and vault bronze medalist behind Sae Miyakawa and Mai Murakami. Due to her results, Teramoto was named to Japan's 2014 World Championships team that competed in Nanning and placed eighth in the team final. Individually, she qualified to the balance beam final where she narrowly missed out on the bronze medal, placing just 0.066 points behind Aliya Mustafina of Russia. Simone Biles of the United States went on to win the gold medal and Bai Yawen of China earned the silver. At the 2015 Universiade, she placed second in the all-around and the uneven bars. Teramoto began the 2016 season at the Glasgow World Cup, finishing 4th in the All-Around. She continued her season at the 2016 All-Japan National Championships, the first step to qualify to the 2016 Olympic team. Teramoto won the silver medal in the All-Around behind Mai Murakami, also winning the national title on balance beam. At the second qualifying event, the NHK Trophy, Teramoto won the All-Around Title, ahead of Mai Murakami and Aiko Sugihara. With this win, Teramoto secured a berth onto the Olympic team. At the Olympic Games, she missed event finals, but she did manage to qualify for the team and individual all around finals. In the team finals, she helped her team place 4th, their best finish since the 1964 Olympic Games. In the individual all-around final, she once again delivered solid performances, placing a personal best finish of 8th in the all around.

text:
# Teramoto Asuka

**Teramoto Asuka OLY** (寺本 明日香, *born 19 November 1995*) is a Japanese gymnast.

Teramoto was born in Komaki, Aichi. Her first major international senior competition was the 2011 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Tokyo, Japan. In the team all-around finals, she contributed on vaulting, uneven bars, and balance beam towards the Japanese team's 7th-place finish. She also qualified for the uneven bars final in 8th place. She ended up finishing in a tie for 5th with Gabrielle Douglas, finishing ahead of teammate Tsurumi Kōko. That event was won by Viktoria Komova of Russia.

She competed for the national team at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the Women's artistic team all-around. Teramoto also qualified 8th for the individual all-around, as well as being named a reserve for both the balance beam and floor exercise finals. She ended up placing 11th in the all-around final. She was the smallest and lightest competitor, at 1.36 m (4 ft 6 in) tall and weighing 30 kg (66 lb), of all those at the Games.

In October 2013, Teramoto competed at the 2013 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Antwerp, Belgium. After a mediocre qualification competition, she managed to qualify for the individual all-around final in 23rd place. She did much better in the final, finishing in 9th, ahead of teammate Natsumi Sasada, who finished in 23rd. That final was won by Simone Biles of the United States. Teramoto also competed at a World Cup event in Glasgow, finishing 4th in the women's individual all-around, which was won by Larisa Iordache of Romania.

At the 2014 Japanese National Championships, Teramoto became the uneven bars champion, as well as the all-around silver medalist behind Natsumi Sasada and vault bronze medalist behind Sae Miyakawa and Mai Murakami. Due to her results, Teramoto was named to Japan's 2014 World Championships team that competed in Nanning and placed eighth in the team final. Individually, she qualified to the balance beam final where she narrowly missed out on the bronze medal, placing just 0.066 points behind Aliya Mustafina of Russia. Simone Biles of the United States went on to win the gold medal and Bai Yawen of China earned the silver.

At the 2015 Universiade, she placed second in the all-around and the uneven bars.

Teramoto began the 2016 season at the Glasgow World Cup, finishing 4th in the All-Around. She continued her season at the 2016 All-Japan National Championships, the first step to qualify to the 2016 Olympic team. Teramoto won the silver medal in the All-Around behind Mai Murakami, also winning the national title on balance beam. At the second qualifying event, the NHK Trophy, Teramoto won the All-Around Title, ahead of Mai Murakami and Aiko Sugihara. With this win, Teramoto secured a berth onto the Olympic team. At the Olympic Games, she missed event finals, but she did manage to qualify for the team and individual all around finals. In the team finals, she helped her team place 4th, their best finish since the 1964 Olympic Games. In the individual all-around final, she once again delivered solid performances, placing a personal best finish of 8th in the all around.

## InfoBox

| Teramoto Asuka | |
| --- | --- |
| Country represented | Japan |
| Born | (1995-11-19) November 19, 1995<br>Komaki, Aichi, Japan |
| Height | 1.36 m (4 ft 6 in) |
| Weight | 37 kg (82 lb) |
| Discipline | Women's artistic gymnastics |
| Level | Senior international elite |
| Club | Chukyo University (JPN) |
| Music | Toki no Tobira (2011-12), Saltimbanco by Cirque du Soleil (2013) |
| World ranking | 8 (Olympic Games, 2016) |
| Medal record      Representing  Japan  Asian Championships  2015 Hiroshima Team  2015 Hiroshima Balance Beam  2015 Hiroshima All-Around  Summer Universiade  2019 Napoli Team  2015 Gwangju Team  2015 Gwangju All-Around  2015 Gwangju Uneven Bars  2017 Taipei All-Around  2017 Taipei Floor Exercise  2017 Taipei Team  2019 Napoli Uneven Bars  FIG World Cup   Event 1st 2nd 3rd  All-Around World Cup 0 1 1 | |


title: Terry Barwell

abstract: Terence Ian Barwell is a South African-born former cricketer who played first-class and List A cricket for Somerset over a 10-season period from 1959 to 1968. He later represented Wiltshire in the Minor Counties and played List A cricket for both Wiltshire and for Minor Counties representative sides. He became a schoolteacher.

text:
# Terry Barwell

**Terence Ian Barwell** (born 29 April 1937) is a South African-born former cricketer who played first-class and List A cricket for Somerset over a 10-season period from 1959 to 1968. He later represented Wiltshire in the Minor Counties and played List A cricket for both Wiltshire and for Minor Counties representative sides. He became a schoolteacher.

## Life and career

Born at Bloemhof in Transvaal, Barwell was a right-handed middle-order batsman and an occasional wicketkeeper. Towards the end of his first-class career, when he played for Somerset's second eleven, he also bowled with some success.

Barwell played first for Somerset in 1959 in a match against the Combined Services, keeping wicket and making the only stumping of his first-class career. Unable to play County Championship cricket until 1961 as he qualified for the county by residence, his appearances were in any case restricted in some seasons by his career as a schoolmaster. But even in those seasons when he was more regularly available, he often found himself a fringe first-team player, never making more than 11 first-class appearances in any one season and managing a highest season aggregate of just 410 runs, which he achieved in 1967.

His best score was an unbeaten and quick 84 against Glamorgan at Weston-super-Mare in 1965. He also made 74 not out against the Pakistanis in 1967, though he was much upstaged by a second wicket partnership of 262 between Roy Virgin and Mervyn Kitchen, who made 162 and 189 respectively. He appeared in Somerset's losing Gillette Cup side of 1967, being run out for 24 in what Wisden termed "a fearful mix-up" with Graham Burgess. After starting the 1968 season as a regular member of the side, he dropped out after a few games and did not regain his place.

In second eleven cricket, Barwell was a reliable and prolific scorer, acting as batsman, occasional wicketkeeper, sometime captain and, more rarely, bowler. His final match for the combined Gloucestershire and Somerset Second Eleven side in 1968 saw him make 45 out of 54 added while he was at the wicket in a first innings that totalled only 78, top-score in the second innings with 68 and then take four wickets for 14 runs as the combined side recovered to force a draw with Kent's second eleven.

After leaving Somerset, he played for Wiltshire, appearing in first-round Gillette Cup matches against Hampshire in both 1972 and 1973, and also turning out for the Minor Counties representative side in the Benson and Hedges Cup. In 1973, he made a single final first-class cricket appearance for the Minor Counties side against the West Indies at Torquay.

As a schoolmaster, Barwell taught at Dr Morgan's School, Bridgwater, Marlborough College and at Blundell's School.

## InfoBox

Terry Barwell
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Terence Ian Barwell |
| Born | (1937-04-29) 29 April 1937
Bloemhof, Transvaal, South Africa |
| Nickname | Pa |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | off-spinner |
| Role | Batsman, occ. wicketkeeper |
| Relations | Barwells,Mellis's and Marshalls |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1972–1973 | Wiltshire, Minor Counties |
| 1959–1968 | Somerset |
|  | |
| First-class debut | 8 July 1959
Somerset v Combined Services |
| Last First-class | 3 August 1973
Minor Counties v West Indies |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition First-class List A  Matches 44 9  Runs scored 1344 177  Batting average 19.47 22.12  100s/50s 0/9 0/1  Top score 84 64\*  Catches/stumpings 39/1 5/0 | |
|  | |
| Source: CricketArchive, 13 November 2008 | |


title: Terra Brasilis

abstract: Terra Brasilis is the 11th album by Antônio Carlos Jobim. It was recorded at the RCA Recording Studios in New York City and released in 1980. The album includes reworkings of old songs as well as new material and placed 42nd on the US Jazz Albums 1980 year-end chart.

text:
# Terra Brasilis

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *The Rolling Stone Jazz Record Guide* |  |

***Terra Brasilis*** is the 11th album by Antônio Carlos Jobim. It was recorded at the RCA Recording Studios in New York City and released in 1980. The album includes reworkings of old songs as well as new material and placed 42nd on the US Jazz Albums 1980 year-end chart.

## Track listing

1. Dreamer (Vivo Sonhando) (Gene Lees) –3:00
2. "Canta Mais (Sing Once More)" (Vinicius de Moraes) –4:32
3. "Olha Maria (Amparo)" –4:04
4. "One Note Samba" (Newton Mendonça) –2:17
5. "Dindi" (Aloísio de Oliveira, Ray Gilbert) –4:13
6. "Quiet Nights of Quiet Stars (Corcovado)" (Lees) –3:26
7. "Marina" –2:41
8. "Desafinado" ("Off Key") (Lees, Mendonça) –3:24
9. "Você Vai Ver" ("You'll See") –2:55
10. "Estrada Do Sol" (Dolores Duran) –2:04
11. "The Girl from Ipanema" (de Moraes, Norman Gimbel) –4:47
12. "Double Rainbow" –4:04
13. "Triste" –3:03
14. "Wave" –3:39
15. "Someone to Light Up My Life" (de Moraes, Gene Lees) –3:03
16. "Falando de Amor" ("Speaking of Love") – 3:39
17. "Two Kites" –4:36
18. "Modinha" (de Moraes) –3:37
19. "The Song of the Sabiá (Sabiá)" (Chico Buarque, Gimbel) –4:04
20. "This Happy Madness (Estrada Branca)" (de Moraes, Lees) –2:49

All songs composed by Antônio Carlos Jobim, lyricists indicated.

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Terra Brasilis | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Antônio Carlos Jobim | |
| Released | 1980 |
| Recorded | 1979 |
| Genre | Jazz, bossa nova |
| Length | 69:57 |
| Label | Warner Bros. |
| Producer | Aloísio de Oliveira |
| Antônio Carlos Jobim chronology | |
| *Urubu*
(1976) ***Terra Brasilis***
(1980) *Edu & Tom*
(1981) | |


title: Tenaturris bartlettii

abstract: Tenaturris bartlettii is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

text:
# Tenaturris bartlettii

***Tenaturris bartlettii*** is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Mangeliidae.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 7 mm and 13 mm.

(Original description) The oval shell has a rather acute spire. The protoconch is glassy, dark brown and is inflated. It consists of 1½ whorls, followed by five normal whorls. The color of the shell is pale yellowish, with irregular touches of pale brown especially on the varix . The spiral sculpture consists of numerous fine subequal rounded little-raised threads, with wider interspaces, covering the whole shell and stronger on the siphonal canal. The transverse sculpture consists of extremely fine close parallel hardly raised incremental lines, visible only with the glass, and traversing the spiral interspaces with great regularity and perfect uniformity. It also shows on the antepenultimate whorl about twenty narrow, little raised, long rounded riblets, starting from the suture and fading away on the base. The spirals run smoothly over the ribs. The fasciole is only visible in the curve of the incremental lines. The notch is narrow, rounded and not deep. The outer lip is reinforced in the adult by a rather thick rounded varix from which the thin sharp edge of the lip stands out prominently, arched forward in the middle, and is not contracted for the siphonal canal. The inner lip is simple. The columella is obliquely trimmed off in front, but is otherwise straight. The siphonal canal is short, wide and not differentiated from the aperture.

## Distribution

This species occurs in the Caribbean Sea off Colombia, Belize, the Cayman Islands and Cuba, also off Key West, Florida, USA.

* Tucker, J.K. (2004). "Catalog of recent and fossil turrids (Mollusca: Gastropoda)" (PDF). *Zootaxa*. **682**: 1–1295.
* Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base: Mangeliidae
* "*Tenaturris bartletti*". *Gastropods.com*. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
* De Jong K.M. & Coomans H.E. (1988) Marine gastropods from Curaçao, Aruba and Bonaire. Leiden: E.J. Brill. 261 pp.

## InfoBox

| *Tenaturris bartlettii* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Shells of *Tenaturris bartlettii* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
| Order: | Neogastropoda |
| Superfamily: | Conoidea |
| Family: | Mangeliidae |
| Genus: | *Tenaturris* |
| Species: | ***T. bartlettii*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Tenaturris bartlettii***<br>(Dall, 1889) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Cythara bartlettii* (Dall, 1889) * *Mangilia bartlettii* Dall, 1889 * *Mangilia (Cythara) bartlettii* Dall, 1889 (basionym) | |


title: The Black Magic Show

abstract: The Black Magic Show is the second and final album by the American indie rock band Elefant. It peaked at #14 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart. The third track, "Lolita", is based loosely on the novel of the same name by Vladimir Nabokov.

text:
# The Black Magic Show

***The Black Magic Show*** is the second and final album by the American indie rock band Elefant. It peaked at #14 on the *Billboard* Top Heatseekers chart.

The third track, "Lolita", is based loosely on the novel of the same name by Vladimir Nabokov.

## Critical reception

Professional ratings
| Aggregate scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Metacritic | 55/100 |
| Review scores | |
| Source | Rating |
| AllMusic |  |
| *Pitchfork* | 3.6/10 |
| *PopMatters* | 5/10 |
| *Prefix* | 4/10 |

*The Black Magic Show* was met with "mixed or average" reviews from critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted average rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream publications, this release received an average score of 55 based on 10 reviews.

Writing for AllMusic, MacKenzie Wilson explained: "While this album doesn't do anything drastic on an artistic level, The Black Magic Show does feature some danceable style. A little more sincerity and a little less swagger might have been nice, though."

## Track listing

All tracks are written by Diego Garcia

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Black Magic Show" | 2:55 |
| 2. | "Sirens" | 3:48 |
| 3. | "Lolita" | 3:30 |
| 4. | "The Clown" | 3:50 |
| 5. | "Uh Oh Hello" | 3:15 |
| 6. | "Why" | 3:52 |
| 7. | "Brasil" | 2:57 |
| 8. | "My Apology" | 3:30 |
| 9. | "The Lunatic" | 3:24 |
| 10. | "It's a Shame" | 3:43 |
| 11. | "Don't Wait" | 4:25 |

Japanese bonus version
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 12. | "Allison" | 3:31 |
| 13. | "A-Oh Hello" | 3:08 |
| 14. | "Stay" (Acoustic version) | 3:31 |

## Charts

Chart performance for *The Black Magic Show*
| Chart (2006) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| US Heatseekers Albums (*Billboard*) | 14 |

## InfoBox

| The Black Magic Show | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Elefant | |
| Released | April 20, 2006 |
| Genre | Post-punk revival, indie rock |
| Length | 41:41 |
| Label | KemadoHollywood |
| Producer | Don Gilmore |
| Elefant chronology | |
| *Sunlight Makes Me Paranoid*
(2003) ***The Black Magic Show***
(2006) | |


title: The Federal Poets

abstract: The Federal Poets is a poetry group based in Washington, D.C. It is the oldest continually operating poetry group in the metro Washington D.C. area. The group aims to assist members with improving their poetry through critiques by other members, and to increase the exposure of members through readings and publication. The Federal Poets meet every third Saturday at Tenley Public Library. The group's journal, The Federal Poet, is published semiannually and consists of submissions of the best works by members.

text:
# The Federal Poets

**The Federal Poets** is a poetry group based in Washington, D.C. It is the oldest continually operating poetry group in the metro Washington D.C. area. The group aims to assist members with improving their poetry through critiques by other members, and to increase the exposure of members through readings and publication. The Federal Poets meet every third Saturday at Tenley Public Library. The group's journal, *The Federal Poet*, is published semiannually and consists of submissions of the best works by members.

## History

The Federal Poets was founded in 1944 under the name the Commerce Literary Society, at the Commerce Department. The name was soon changed to the Bookfellows Club. In 1946, the club changed its name for the final time, renaming itself as the Federal Poets. Originally, the Federal Poets only accepted people working for the federal government as members, however the group eventually extended membership to include anyone who wrote poetry. The group's members include people such as Walter Howard Kerr, who served as its treasurer, vice-president, and president. Kerr's poetry has been included in several publications, such as the *Southern Poetry Review* and the *Red Clay Reader*. Kerr was a member of other poetry societies such as the Maryland State Poetry Society, of which he was treasurer. Other members of the Federal Poets include Ingeborg Carsten-Miller who edited *The Federal Poet* and was the author of works such as *Northern Lights* (*Nordlichter*).

1. "The Federal Poets records". *George Washington University Libraries*.
2. "Welcome to the Federal Poets!". *The Federal Poets*.
3. Rubanenko, Dalya. ""It Could Be Verse"". *United States Information Agency World*. **11**: 11.
4. "Walter Howard Kerr papers". *University of Maryland Libraries*. hdl:1903.1/7851.
5. Carsten-Miller, Ingeborg (1994). *Northern Lights (Nordlichter)*. Silver Spring: Carmill Press.
* Older volumes of the group's journal, *The Federal Poet*, can be found on their website.


title: Mike Jocktane

abstract: Mike Jocktane is a Gabonese Protestant pastor and politician in Paris. He is the first bishop of Pentecostal and charismatic circles in Gabon.

text:
# Mike Jocktane

**Mike Jocktane** is a Gabonese Protestant pastor and politician (born 3 July 1972) in Paris. He is the first bishop of Pentecostal and charismatic circles in Gabon.

## Biography

### Family

Mike Jocktane is the second of four children. On July 30, 1994, he married Nadia Jasmine Ogowan, with whom he had two daughters and two sons.

### Educational background

Mike Jocktane began his schooling in Port-Gentil in Gabon before becoming a student at the Saint-Aspais high school in Melun where he graduated in 1991.

He then studied economics at the Panthéon-Assas University until 1992. It was at this time that he felt the call of God and joined the United States to follow the teachings of the Christ for the Nations Institute in Dallas where he obtained a certificate of Leadership. He furthered his theological training in Tulsa by completing a Bachelor of Arts in Theology at Oral Roberts University in 1996.

### A man of faith

It was on February 3, 1987, at the age of 14, in the middle of the decade of spiritual Awakening in Gabon, that Mike Jocktane converted and became involved in Christian youth movements.

During his theological studies in the United States, he was ordained Minister of the Gospel on January 17, 1994.

He returned to Gabon in 1996 and in the same year founded the Ministries Christ Revealed to Nations (Ministères Christ Révélé aux Nations) in Port-Gentil, the economic capital. He then extended the Ministries to Libreville, throughout the country and internationally. Today, Christ Revealed to Nations counts a little more than thirty churches in the world.

In 1997, he founded the Nissi Mission in Port-Gentil, the social and humanitarian branch of the Ministries, helping abused children in particular.

He was consecrated bishop on March 22, 2003, by his spiritual father, Archbishop Nicholas Duncan Williams, and by a college of bishops from the Tapac Global congregation who came from England for the occasion. He thus became the first bishop of the Pentecostal and Charismatic circles in Gabon.

### First steps in politics

In 2005, Mike Jocktane was appointed personal adviser and chargé de mission to the President of the Republic, Omar Bongo.

Very involved in local politics of his hometown, Mike Jocktane created the "Rénovons Port-Gentil" association in 2007.

Mike Jocktane was appointed Deputy Cabinet Director to the President of the Republic in January 2009.

### Covid-19 Pandemic

Facing the global coronavirus pandemic which also affects Gabon, Mike Jocktane launches, as early as March 2020, an appeal for the unity of the people and solidarity as well as asking the authorities to implement measures to support the Gabonese people facing the drop of activity due to the preventive measures. It also denounces the opacity of the crisis management and calls on the authorities to be more transparent about the use of the funds to fight the pandemic, in particular through an independent control body.


title: Wearable cardioverter defibrillator

abstract: A wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) is a non-invasive, external device for patients at risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). It allows physicians time to assess their patient's arrhythmic risk and see if their ejection fraction improves before determining the next steps in patient care. It is a leased device. A summary of the device, its technology and indications was published in 2017 and reviewed by the EHRA Scientific Documents Committee.

text:
# Wearable cardioverter defibrillator

A **wearable cardioverter defibrillator** (**WCD**) is a non-invasive, external device for patients at risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). It allows physicians time to assess their patient's arrhythmic risk and see if their ejection fraction improves before determining the next steps in patient care. It is a leased device. A summary of the device, its technology and indications was published in 2017 and reviewed by the EHRA Scientific Documents Committee.

## Description

A wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) is an external device with a built-in defibrillator. The WCD is worn directly on the body by patients who are at transient risk for sudden cardiac death (SCD) for short-term risk mitigation and it does not require surgery for use. A WCD is also a temporary therapeutic option in case an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) cannot be implanted immediately. The WCD enables patients to continue their normal life without constantly worrying about their risk for SCD.

The WCD is a non-invasive medical device. It consists of a fabric garment, electrodes located in the fabric garment for sensing and delivering an electrical shock, and a battery-powered device that monitors the patient and connects to the electrodes and defibrillation pads. The WCD is worn under the clothing during the entire day. The WCD should only be removed when taking a shower or bath. The electrodes lie directly on the skin. The monitoring device constantly records heart rate and rhythm. If life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias, such as ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) are detected, the defibrillator delivers one or more treatment shock(s) in order to restore a normal heart rhythm. Since the time between a cardiac arrest and defibrillation is directly linked to survival, a treatment shock must be delivered within a few minutes after an event to be effective. With every passing minute without treatment, the chances of patient survival is reduced by 7-10%. From detecting a life-threatening cardiac arrhythmia to automatically delivering a treatment shock, the WCD usually needs less than a minute. The first treatment shock success rate for resuscitating patients from SCD is 98%. Intervention from bystanders or emergency personnel is not required for the WCD to work.

The use of the WCD is recommended for the prevention of SCD in the 2006 international joint guidelines from the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, and European Society of Cardiology (ACC/AHA/ESC), European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines from 2015 and 2021, and American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, Heart Rhythm Society (AHA/ACC/HRS) guidelines from 2017. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) recommends wearable external defibrillators as a bridge therapy for patients waiting for a heart transplant in their Guidelines for the Care of Cardiac Transplant Candidates. In the United Kingdom (UK) the WCD LifeVest® from ZOLL is available for temporary use on a monthly rental basis since 2017.

The WCD is a temporary therapeutic option for patients waiting for an ICD, patients with an ICD that had to be removed (e.g., due to infection), or patients who can't have an ICD but are at transient risk for SCD. The WCD allows physicians time to assess their patient's cardiac arrhythmic risk, make appropriate treatment plans and monitor cardiac output before or after an invasive cardiac procedure (such as bypass surgery, stent placement or heart transplant) or in patients at high risk for SCD after myocardial infarction (MI).

Usual wearing time of a WCD is about 3 months but depends on the patient's needs and the prescription of the treating physician.

## History

The use of cardiac defibrillation started in 1947 - first in an open chest and ten years later through a closed chest with high energy levels. In 1972, cardiac defibrillation with intracardiac electrodes delivering much less energy of as low as 30 joules was established, following the development of portable units delivering high energy levels of up to 1000 volt. At Johns Hopkins University, doctors Mirowski, Mower and colleagues started developing implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD), and were able to implant an ICD in the first human by 1980. Over the years, the ICD was further improved and is now a standard outpatient procedure. There are limiting factors for direct prophylactic implantation of an ICD. For example, a diagnosed high risk for SCD may be temporary, which would oppose an implantation intended for lifetime use. Per current guidelines (e.g., the ESC guidelines from 2015 and 2021) a patient has to wait at least 40 to 90 days after the cardiac event (e.g., myocardial infarction or newly diagnosed heart failure with reduced left ventricular function) before the decision to implant an ICD should be made. An external, wearable cardioverter-defibrillator with defibrillation features similar to an ICD could be a solution to be used as “bridge” to protect these patients from SCD.

In 1986, M. Stephen Heilman and Larry Bowling founded LIFECOR and started the development of the first wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD). It was named LifeVest®. This WCD was extensively tested for three years in multi-centre and multinational clinical trials (WEARIT and BIROAD) in the United States and Europe. The results were used to improve the WCD and were also the basis for FDA approval in 2001 for use of the WCD for adult patients who are at high risk for SCD, who are not suitable candidates for an ICD or who refuse to have one. 14 years later (2015), FDA approval was received for the use of the WCD in children, who are at high risk for SCD and are not candidates for an ICD or do not receive one due to lack of parental consent. In 2000, prior to the FDA approvals, the WCD had already received the European CE-certification.

In 1986, M. Stephen Heilman and Larry Bowling founded Lifecor and along with a team of former Intec employees who developed the first implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) began development of the WCD. The WCD was extensively tested for three years in 17 major medical centers across the United States and Europe. The clinical data collected from those trials allowed Lifecor to obtain FDA approval for use of the WCD in the United States.

In 2001, the FDA approved the LifeVest wearable cardioverter defibrillator (model 2000). The Lifecor business was acquired by ZOLL Medical Corporation in 2006 and Asahi Kasei in 2012. As of 2015, the LifeVest was available in the United States, Europe, Japan, Australia, Israel and Singapore.

The WCD LifeVest is marketed in the United Kingdom, United States, Europe, Japan, and several other countries worldwide. According to ZOLL, the LifeVest has been prescribed to more than 200,000 patients worldwide. In July 2021, the FDA approved a second WCD product for the market developed by Kestra Medical Technologies, Inc. This new device has an alternative fabric and garment style specifically for women.

## Insurance coverage in the United States

The WCD is covered by most health plans in the United States, including commercial, state, and federal plans as Durable Medical Equipment (DME) for those patients at high risk of cardiac arrest, including:

* Primary prevention \[Ejection fraction (EF) ≤35% and Myocardial Infarction (MI), Non Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (NICM), or other Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)\] including:
    + After recent MI (Coverage during the 40-day ICD waiting period)
    + Before and immediately after CABG or PTCA (Coverage during the 90-day ICD waiting period)
    + Listed for cardiac transplant
    + Recently diagnosed NICM (Coverage during the three-to-nine month ICD waiting period)
    + New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class IV heart failure
    + Terminal disease with life expectancy of less than one year
* ICD indications when patient condition delays or prohibits ICD implantation
* ICD explantation

## Working mechanism of the WCD

The WCD uses dry, non-adhesive ECG electrodes to continuously monitor the patient's heart rhythm. Three defibrillation electrodes are placed in the fabric garment, one on the chest (approximately at the level of the apex of the heart) and two on the back (between the shoulder blades). The ECG electrodes are placed inside the fabric garment on the chest providing two independent ECG leads. Prior to delivering a therapeutic shock, the dry defibrillator electrodes automatically deploy conductive gel to protect the skin from possible injury from the treatment. The WCD can deliver up to five consecutive shocks per sequence. Life-saving therapy typically occurs within a minute of the onset of an arrhythmia. The patient is warned when a treatment sequence has been started, e.g. by siren alarms and spoken information. Through interaction with the WCD, an unjustified shock delivery can be prevented by the patient as long as she/he is conscious. If the patient fails to respond, e.g., because the patient has lost consciousness due to an arrhythmia, gel is automatically ejected from under the defibrillation electrodes. If the arrhythmia resolves on its own, no treatment shock is delivered. Action from bystanders is not required, but they are warned by voice information not to touch the patient during defibrillation and to call emergency services.

In the electrode belt, four dry, non-adhesive ECG electrodes continuously monitor the patient's heart rhythm. Three defibrillation electrodes are placed in the vest, one on the chest (approximately at the level of the apex of the heart) and two on the back (between the shoulder blades). The ECG electrodes are placed at inside of the vest on the chest providing two independent ECG leads. Prior to delivering a therapeutic shock, the dry defibrillator electrodes automatically deploy conductive gel to protect the skin from possible injury from the treatment. The WCD can deliver up to five consecutive shocks per sequence. Life-saving therapy typically occurs within a minute of the onset of an arrhythmia.The patient is warned when a treating sequence has been started e.g. by siren alarms and spoken information. By pressing two response buttons on the monitor simultaneously, an unjustified shock delivery can be prevented by the patient as long as she/he is conscious. If the patient fails to respond, e.g., because the patient has lost consciousness due to an arrhythmia, gel is automatically ejected from under the defibrillation electrodes. If the arrhythmia resolves on its own, no treatment shock is delivered. Action from bystanders is not required, but they are warned by voice information not to touch the patient during defibrillation and to call the emergency doctor.

The patient receives two rechargeable batteries for the WCD. One will be used to operate the monitoring device, the other is charged for daily replacement. Conspicuous ECG sequences or treatments are automatically transmitted to a secure server. The treating physician can view and analyze them via password-protected access. Before a WCD is handed to a patient, the WCD is fitted to the patient for accurate ECG signal detection and the patient receives detailed training to ensure correct handling of the WCD.

The efficacy and effectiveness of the WCD has been tested in clinical trials and several international post-marketing studies. If the WCD is worn correctly and ECG signal detection is optimal, the success rate of the first shock is approximately 98%. Hence, the WCD is as effective as an ICD in treating VT and VF. Long term follow-up studies showed that approximately 90% of all patients treated with the WCD are still alive one year after the heart failure incident. Since the WCD is a non-invasive garment, no injuries or scars remain after use and shock delivery. For effective protection, the WCD should be worn 24 hours a day and should only be removed for personal hygiene.

## Comparison of the WCD to Automated External Defibrillator (AED) and Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)

Automated external defibrillators (AED) are portable electronic devices designed to analyze the heart rhythm and inform the operator whether defibrillation is required. They are intended for people of the general population with an unknown risk for heart failure and are usually available in public places and first responder ambulances. AEDs are designed for use by laypersons and provide simple audio and visual instructions for the operator to follow. Electrode pads, placed by an operator on the chest of the patient, are for monitoring and defibrillation. In contrast to the ICD and WCD, an AED needs the immediate activity of a bystander in order to prevent the SCD.

WCDs are intended for patients with a known transient risk for SCD and meant for temporary use as described above.The WCD is the ideal therapeutic option to prevent SCD in patients until it is clear that a patient's heart issues are indeed permanent and long-term protection with an ICD must be applied.\[36\]

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD) are electronic devices implanted in the chest with a lead to the right ventricle of the heart. They are intended for patients with permanent risk for SCD. An ICD is, like a WCD, designed to detect and terminate cardiac arrhythmias by emergency defibrillation. An extensive invasive surgery is necessary for implantation of the ICD, which is associated with a number of risks and morbidity. Therefore, the decision for an ICD should be carefully taken. The WCD is the ideal therapeutic option to prevent SCD in patients until it is clear that a patient's heart issues are indeed permanent and long-term protection with an ICD must be applied.

## Living with the WCD

The WCD allows patients at high risk for SCD who are discharged from the hospital to return to most of the normal daily activities without constantly worrying about their heart issues and possible fatal outcomes. A retrospective study investigating quality of life in patients who had been fitted with a WCD found that the majority did not feel any impairment in terms of mobility (68%), self-care (83%), daily routine (75%), pain (64%) and mental health (57%). Another prospective study evaluating depression and anxiety in patients eligible for WCD found a trend for better improvement of depression scores in patients who actually received the WCD.

Currently a study on the use of the WCD started in the UK.

In case of questions concerning which activities are possible, the manufacturer recommends consulting with the treating physician. The manufacturer also advises to avoid activities in loud and/or high vibration environments due to the possibility of missing an alert from WCD.

## Indications for receiving a WCD

The WCD is generally recommended as temporary therapy for all patients who are at risk of SCD and can be prescribed in the UK as a monthly rental device.

According to the international guidelines of ACC/AHA/ESC in 2006, the ESC in 2015 and 2021 as well as AHA/ACC/HRS in 2017 patients that may benefit from a WCD include:

Patients with reduced left ventricular pump systolic function (LVEF) of ≤ 35%

* In the first 40 days after a myocardial infarction (MI) without re-vascularization
* In the first 90 days after coronary re-vascularization with coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
* In the first 90 days after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)

Newly diagnosed Ischemic Heart Failure Patient with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)

* For at least 90 days of optimal medical therapy

Patients with ventricular fibrillation (VF) or sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT)

* Spontaneous or inducible
* Occurring later than 48 hours after MI

Patients on the waiting list for a heart transplantation

Bridging the waiting time for patients

* With indicated or interrupted ICD therapy (e.g., ICD explanted due to infection or intolerance and pending potential re-implantation, delayed implantation for medical reasons including infection, recovery from surgery)
* With ongoing heart failure medication that needs adjustment
* With inflammation of the myocardium/myocarditis and waiting for resolution
* With familial or genetic risk for SCD if diagnostics have not yet been completed and/or an ICD has been ruled out

Newly diagnosed non-ischemic heart failure patient with reduced ejection fraction, including dilated cardiomyopathies (DCM) and New York Heart Association (NYHA) stage II-III heart failure patients

Patients in a risk phase of pregnancy cardiomyopathy (peripartum CM/PPCM)

The ISHLT has listed the WCD as a class I recommendation in its Guidelines for the Care of Cardiac Transplant Candidates since 2006. This means that patients waiting for a heart transplantation who are discharged from hospital should receive a wearable defibrillator to bridge the waiting time until receiving the transplant. The WCD is one of the procedures or treatments for which there is evidence and general agreement that it is beneficial, useful and effective in the given condition.

WCD has also been used in the specific circumstance where patients have an ICD but require temporary explantation for radiotherapy in the location of the ICD generator.

## Clinical trials on the efficacy of the WCD

After European CE-certification and FDA approval of WCD (LifeVest), a number of retrospective and prospective registries verified the efficacy and safety of the WCD. Data from more than 30,000 patients who have used the WCD are published for an expansive variety of indications. In the following only an excerpt is presented.

**Meta-analyses**

A meta-analysis of 11 comparable studies with approximately 20,000 non-overlapping patients in different indications was published by Nguyen et al. They found an overall mortality rate of 1.4%, a VT/VF rate of 2.6% and a VT/VF-related mortality rate of only 0.2% across all patients. 1.7% of the patients (9.1 patients/100 patient years) had received an appropriate treatment, which was successful in 96%. The inappropriate shock rate was \<1.0%.

A systematic cross-indication review and meta-analysis of studies reporting treatment rates of WCD was conducted by Masri et al. in 2019. They analysed 28 studies and over 30,000 patients. Over a period of 3 months, 5 per 100 patients received appropriate WCD treatment shocks, and only 2 per 100 patients received inappropriate treatment shocks. Analyses of selection or publication bias (e.g., Egger-test) revealed, that there were no differences between independent and manufacturer-sponsored studies, and no differences between prospective and retrospective studies. According to the authors, the rate of patients, who were appropriately treated with the WCD over 3 months of follow-up, was substantial and much higher in observational studies compared to the RCT included in the analysis. The mortality rate was very low at 0.7 per 100 patients over 3 months.

**Randomized controlled trial data**

The first and to this date only randomized controlled trial (RCT) on WCD use with post-MI patients is the VEST Trial, which was first published by Olgin et al. in 2018. In total 2,302 patients were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis. The primary outcome of the VEST-study, arrhythmic mortality, was 1.6% in the WCD group vs. 2.4% in the control group. The difference was not significant despite a 33% relative risk reduction (RRR). The secondary outcome of the VEST-study, all-cause mortality, was 3.1% in the WCD group and 4.9% in the control group. The difference was significant with a 36% reduction in mortality (RRR). Notably, in this study the average daily wearing time was only 14 to 18 hours/day, hence much lower than supposed according to observational studies. An additional as-treated analysis (ATT) provided as supplemented appendix to the original publication, revealed statistical significance in all mortality endpoints, thus positive results for the use of the WCD. In a per protocol analysis (PPA) published in 2020, the reduction in arrhythmic mortality was 62% and in all-cause mortality 75%, both significant results, which is comparable to the results shown in the ATT analysis.

These results indicated that the WCD is highly effective in reducing mortality rates in patients with a high risk for SCD. Essential factors in successful WCD therapy in everyday clinical practice are high wearing compliance and the use of the monitoring system provided by the manufacturer (ZPM Network).

**Health technology assessments (HTA)**

Aidelsburger and colleagues published the results of an HTA in 2020. The authors analysed data from 49 studies and concluded the WCD is a safe and effective intervention in cases of sudden cardiac arrest during the time needed for determination of long-term risk management strategies, that the WCD is reliable in detecting VT/VF events and shows a high rate of appropriate shocks which lead to a high rate of successful VT/VF terminations. Cortesi and colleagues published the results from another HTA in 2021. They focused on cost-efficacy comparing the WCD to “standard of care” in patients at risk for SCD after MI or ICD explantation. The authors found that the WCD is a cost-effective treatment option in patients after MI using the data from the VEST study. In patients after ICD explantation the WCD provided even a cost saving of €1,782 compared to 3 weeks hospitalization in a low intensity hospital (standard of care) using data from the Italian NHS. The authors concluded that for the Italian NHS the WCD use contributes to a more effective utilization of resources and to the improvement of patient care in clinical practice.

Currently an HTA is planned to be conducted in the UK.

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title: Show Me the Money (British game show)

abstract: Show Me the Money is a live afternoon game show presented by Louise Noel which aired on Channel 4 in the UK and ran for two seasons from Monday to Friday between 6 September 1999 and 17 November 2000. It was produced by Princess Productions for Channel 4. The show won the Royal Television Society Daytime Show of the Year.

text:
# Show Me the Money (British game show)

***Show Me the Money*** is a live afternoon game show presented by Louise Noel (with the exception of three shows presented by Alice Beer when Louise was ill) which aired on Channel 4 in the UK and ran for two seasons from Monday to Friday between 6 September 1999 and 17 November 2000. It was produced by Princess Productions for Channel 4.

The show won the Royal Television Society Daytime Show of the Year.

## Synopsis

The premise of the game was for teams to make as much money as possible from an imaginary £100,000 on the Stock Market by the end of the season. There were five active teams at any point, each having a day of the week to show their imaginary portfolios and state what they were buying and selling. If a team ever had below £90,000 in their imaginary pot at the beginning of their show they were kicked off and a new team brought in to replace them.

Each team consisted of three members of the public with little or no knowledge of the Stock Exchange. Tom Winnifrith, a professional investor, was on hand to give the teams advise with their portfolio. Prior to deciding on what they would buy or sell a Managing Director of a business listed on the Stock Exchange would come on and give a 60-second pitch to the team.

In addition to the three teams, there was an extra team called "the baby boomers" which were three babies that were given some random letter blocks which, when picked, triggered a buy of that stock and this introducing a random element to the game.

There was an online game section open to the public during the show which had a £10,000 prize each day.

## Format

The show was very slick with many graphical representations of the Stock Exchange presented in real time. Often, a team's stock rose or fell during the course of the show. Tom Winnifrith had a strong understanding of many of the companies chosen by the team and would give out facts and trivia at an easily understood level. Louise Noel would have informal chats to the teams and the Managing Director guests which brought a comfortable and accessible angle to the show.

## Series Guide

| Series | Start date | End date | Episodes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **1** | 6 September 1999 | 3 December 1999 | 65 |
| **2** | 11 September 2000 | 17 November 2000 | 50 |

## InfoBox

| *Show Me the Money* | |
| --- | --- |
| Genre | Game show |
| Country of origin | United Kingdom |
| Original language | English |
| No. of series | 2 |
| No. of episodes | 115 |
| Production | |
| Running time | 30 minutes |
| Original release | |
| Network | Channel 4 |
| Release | 6 September 1999 (1999-09-06) <br>17 November 2000 (2000-11-17) |


title: Togarioides

abstract: Togarioides is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.

text:
# Togarioides

***Togarioides*** is a genus of moths in the family Geometridae.

* Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul. "Search results Family: Geometridae". *Butterflies and Moths of the World*. Natural History Museum, London.

## InfoBox

| *Togarioides* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Geometridae |
| Genus: | ***Togarioides*** |
|