title: St Peters Lutheran College Chapel

abstract: St Peters Lutheran College Chapel is a heritage-listed chapel on the campus of St Peters Lutheran College in Indooroopilly, Brisbane, Australia. It was designed by Karl Langer and built in 1968 by W. W. Groom. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 December 2012.

text:
# St Peters Lutheran College Chapel

**St Peters Lutheran College Chapel** is a heritage-listed chapel on the campus of St Peters Lutheran College in Indooroopilly, Brisbane, Australia. It was designed by Karl Langer and built in 1968 by W. W. Groom. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 December 2012.

## History

The Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College built in 1968, was designed by architect, Dr Karl Langer as the centrepiece of the school grounds, complete with a tree-lined plaza, forecourt, bell tower, and reflecting pool. The chapel is used regularly by the school and the local Lutheran parish for liturgical and general assembly purposes and remains central to the school community.

The area now known as Indooroopilly was surveyed in 1858 and first settled in 1860. The area was subdivided into farms and later into residential allotments. Prior to 1870 there were few houses built in the area but settlement of the district received impetus from the opening of the Brisbane to Ipswich railway in 1875. During the 1880s and 1890s Indooroopilly developed as a fashionable suburb. Many substantial, architect-designed residences were built on large allotments.

Indoocombe was a large brick house built in Indooroopilly in c.1897. It became the home of the Munro family who renamed it Ross Roy and the house and its substantial grounds became a centre of high society life. Photographs from this time show the grounds immediately surrounding the house to be landscaped and well maintained and the remainder of the property being native growth with a cleared and grassed understorey. The Munros lived at Ross Roy until their deaths. After the finalisation of the estate, Ross Roy was sold to the Lutheran Church in December 1944 for 16,000. The villa occupied 16 acres (6.5 ha) and was established as St Peter's Lutheran College opening 25 February 1945.

Lutheranism is a major branch of Christianity and places a strong emphasis on education. In 1838 the first Lutherans arrived in Australia from Prussia and established communities in South Australia and Moreton Bay. That year a group of German Lutheran and Presbyterian missionaries established Zion Hill (at present day Nundah), a mission for Christianising aborigines, on the outskirts of Moreton Bay Penal Colony. It was not considered successful and was abandoned in 1848. In 1857 Lutheran Pastor Carl Franz Alexander Schirmeister came to Moreton Bay and established congregations at Brisbane CDB, South Brisbane, Ipswich, and Toowoomba. He obtained Government grants of land for church use and the first church was built in North Brisbane in 1861, followed quickly by churches at the other locations. Over the following decades Lutheranism was spread across Queensland. Around 1859 the newly formed colony of Queensland launched a vigorous immigration policy that continued for over 40 years. It attracted many Germans who formed distinct communities amidst the essentially-British nation. Although only a minority of these Germans were Lutheran, across the state Lutheran congregations grew and some established Lutheran schools.

With the introduction of the state school system at the turn of the century, Queensland Lutheran schools disappeared as the state school system grew. By 1914 there were no operational Lutheran schools in Queensland and a period of low activity of Lutheran education followed during the interwar and World War II (WWII) period partly due to anti-German sentiment.

A gradual resurgence of independent schools began in the last half of the twentieth century with government financial assistance in the late 1960s. This resulted in a Lutheran school boom in Australia between the 1970s and the 1990s and in 2012 Queensland had 27 Lutheran schools educating over 20,000 students. This resurgence of Lutheran schools in Queensland started in 1945 with the establishment of St Peter's Lutheran College at Indooroopilly. The Courier Mail described it as "the first Lutheran secondary school in Queensland". The school was co-educational and attendance was open to boarders and day school children of all denominations. The school was intended to be a northern adjunct and feeder to Australian Lutheran College#Immanuel Seminary in Adelaide where they would be prepared to serve as pastors and in other ministries. On opening day the school received 226/14/8 in donations, ear-marked for the addition of a chapel.

A Chapel Fund was established and fundraising activities began. In February 1948 a temporary chapel was dedicated in a former officers' mess building of the Australian Women's Army Service camp. The AWAS camp had occupied part of the Munro estate and the school moved the mess building to the centre of the school campus. In September 1948 the school completed Luther House, a two-storey building of classrooms. The upper storey temporarily housed the chapel until a permanent chapel could be built.

The 1950s and 1960s was an era of religious vitality in Australia. During this period the nation was in a sustained economic boom, was led by conservative governments, and was experiencing high population growth. The congregations of major religions expanded and church attendance and religious society membership rose with accompanying financial improvement. Suburban churches regularly reported record congregation attendances for major holy days. Membership of the Lutheran church also increased after WWII with the major influx of European migrants. In the early to mid 1960s a number of the major Christian religions altered the way they ministered to their congregation in order to re-establish themselves within the modern world. With increased incomes, increased congregations, and an increasingly modern approach, considerable building programs began. Spacious brick churches were built in a modern style, often replacing smaller timber churches.

In 1966 the Chapel Fund had raised $59,995 and borrowed $70,000 for the construction of the chapel. Brisbane-based architect and town planner Dr Karl Langer was engaged as architect.

Dr Karl Langer (1903-1969) was born on 28 July 1903 in Vienna, Austria. He studied at the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts under the directorship of pioneer German modernist designer Peter Behrens and in 1928, the year of his graduation, he was employed by Behrens to run his office in Vienna. In 1933 he was awarded a Doctor of Philosophy for his thesis entitled Origins and Development of Concrete Construction.

Dr Langer immigrated to Australia with his wife, Dr Gertrude Langer, in 1939, bringing direct experience of the European Modern Movement to Queensland. He gained temporary employment with architects Cook and Kerrison in Brisbane and from 1940 Dr Langer lectured part-time in architecture and architectural design at the University of Queensland, publishing Sub-Tropical Housing in 1944. This booklet explored issues related to house design and town planning in a sub-tropical climate and influenced many architects working in the post-WWII era.

In 1944 Dr Langer was employed as an assistant town planner in the Brisbane City Council. From 1945, he was commissioned to work on a range of town planning projects for Darwin, Ingham, Toowoomba, Yeppoon, Kingaroy, Mount Isa, Mackay and for the National Capital Development Commission, Canberra. Concurrently, he completed numerous architectural projects of a wide variety including small, economical domestic work and large commercial and institutional work.

As an architect and town planner, Dr Langer had a pronounced impact upon the built environment of Australia, especially in Queensland, from the 1940s until his death in 1969. Along with numerous cultural pursuits, he was active in the Royal Australian Institute of Architects; first president (1952) of the Queensland division of the Royal Australian Planning Institute; a founder and chairman (1966–68) of the Queensland Association of Landscape Architects; and a member (1963–69) of the National Trust of Queensland. Important examples of his architectural work include the Langer residence at St Lucia (1950); Sugar Research Institute at Mackay (1953); St John's Lutheran Church, Bundaberg (1960); Kingaroy Town Hall and Civic Square (1963); Assembly Hall at Ipswich Girls' Grammar School (1964); Main Roads Building at Spring Hill (1966); Lennon's Hotel at Broadbeach (1957); and Lennon's Hotel Toowoomba. His body of work is a clearly distinguishable exploration of a sub-tropical modernism that culminates in the Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly, his last built work.

Modernism developed in pre-World War I Europe and gained popularity in Australia post-WWII. It was more than a design style and is notable for a rationalising of planning emphasising clarity and simplicity of form and detailing. American and Scandinavian influences were strong in Australia. During the 1950s and 1960s a similar rationalisation occurred within Christian religions in an effort to modernise approaches to religious practice. Churches became brighter and simpler in form and decorative treatments. They used new materials and forms while incorporating many traditional elements and symbols. Design responses included variations on the medieval church with simple massing, a rectangular nave stripped of apses, aisles and chapels, a dramatically lit sanctuary rear wall and simple belltower.

Influenced by the architecture of classical Greece and the modernist ideas of contemporary European architecture, Dr Langer developed a sophisticated hybrid of classical and modern principles of design bridging modern and traditional architecture. Typically, Dr Langer explored the idea of the conjunction of landscape and landmark and his designs often involve a designed landscape incorporating the building. At St Peter's, Dr Langer proposed a fan-shaped chapel with a very tall bell tower and a round concrete reflecting pool behind a paved forecourt at the end of a tree lined plaza. The front of the chapel was a crisp, curved colonnade-a stylised temple front-clad in marble. The other walls were yellow face brick with a projecting pattern of crosses on the east wall exterior.

Langer's design for the Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College was in a modernist style and typical of his architectural concepts. Langer's exploration of modernism was heavily influenced by context. He studied the local fauna and flora in Queensland and the climate and his work interprets this in a Modernist manner. Dr Langer integrated native planting into his schemes; at St Peter's he proposed hedges of lemon scented tea trees for the plaza. He typically exploited passive lighting and ventilation in intelligent and uncomplicated ways; at St Peter's his design includes simple methods of passive ventilation and a naturally lit interior.

By 1966 when the design of the chapel was nearing completion, Dr Langer had a strong connection with the Lutheran community of Queensland and with St Peter's Lutheran College. He had previously designed and had constructed St John's Lutheran Church, Bundaberg (1960) and St John's Lutheran Church, Ipswich (1961). At St Peter's College, he had completed a chaplain's residence (1954), a dormitory block (1954-55), a dining hall block (1966), and a concrete footbridge (1966–67). The dormitory block and a 12-foot-tall (3.7 m) sandstone monolith was a memorial to Queensland Lutheran servicemen killed in WWII. The monolith was a gift by Langer to the school and, at the time, was believed to be the largest stone in Brisbane. A cross was carved on one side with servicemen's name son the other. Langer went on to complete a science block (1967–68) and the entrance fence and gates (1968). The plaza and forecourt connected some of these buildings in a coherent, ordered manner, e.g. the stylised temple fronted dining hall addressed the plaza and forecourt, referencing classical Greek town centres, suggesting Dr Langer had a masterplan for the site. In lectures for architecture students at the University of Queensland he referenced the design of St Peter's chapel and its context (the forecourt/plaza and surrounding buildings) as an example of applying the European model of a functional town square to the College campus. Importantly, the design was symbolic of the essence of Lutheran education-an axis with theology (the chapel) at one end and learning (the library) at the other.

Dr Langer carefully incorporated Christian symbolism within the design of the chapel. The fan shape concentrates the gaze to the altar; lights are hidden from the nave to remove any distraction from this focus. The curved east wall is plain and dominated by the Cross (a symbol of the resurrection), seemingly floating in a strong light symbolising the rising sun. References to the Holy Trinity can be seen in the altar (constructed of three pieces), the three-finned bell tower and the three windows in the mediation chapel.

Tenders for the construction of the chapel were called in February 1967. Local contractor WW Groom's tender of $123,938 (the lowest of nine) was accepted on 6 February 1967. Groom had also won the contracts for other Langer buildings at St Peter's. The foundation stone was laid 17 September 1967 and the chapel was opened and dedicated 14 June 1968 with Dr M Lohe, President General of the Lutheran Church, as guest speaker. Dr Langer and Groom attended and were involved in the ceremony.

A large timber crucifix was commissioned for the wall within the small round room of the meditation chapel. It was carved by Alfred Schubert, a Czech-born woodcarver from Melbourne who had trained in Bavaria. Schubert had previously carved a crucifix for Langer's St John's Lutheran Church at Bundaberg. The crucifix was dramatically lit and loomed large within the room.

The chapel bell was donated by Pastor Franz Finger who was closely associated with the establishment of St Peter's and in its ongoing ministry and served on the College Council.

Dr Langer died in 1969 and his funeral service was conducted at the chapel. It has been said that Dr Langer considered the chapel to be his favourite building. He was cremated at Mt Thompson Crematorium, where he had designed the east chapel built in 1962.

There has been little alteration to the chapel over time. Aluminium blade sun shades have been added to some windows and the crucifix in the mediation chapel has been removed. The reflecting pond in the forecourt has been removed. A wide concrete ramp has been added in the forecourt probably replacing a wide stair.

At some time, the large sandstone WWII memorial monolith was moved from its earlier position on the northern side of the boys' dormitory to the southern edge of the chapel forecourt.

The chapel has been the only local Lutheran church in Indooroopilly since 1968 and services for the Lutheran parish are conducted weekly. The chapel, forecourt and plaza have acted as the physical and spiritual centre of the campus and continue to do so. The chapel is regularly used as an auditorium for the college and hosts performances, ceremonies and general assemblies. Larger assemblies and ANZAC day commemorations are held in the forecourt.

## Description

The Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly, is a fan-shaped building with a bell tower and large concrete paved forecourt terminating a tree-lined plaza. The plaza runs generally from west to east along a high ridge of land within the College campus. The tall bell tower is surmounted by a cross which can be seen from across the area.

The gently-curved temple front entrance faces west. Three concrete steps lead up to a tall portico running across the face of the building. Four slender square columns divide the front into five bays. The portico is clad with marble presenting a high-quality face to the building that glows strikingly in the setting sun.

At the southern end of the front a tall bell tower made of three concrete fins squats over a small round drum of the meditation chapel, attached to the building by a slender covered corridor. The bell is mounted at the base of the tower and has raised letters, "ST. PETERS 1967".

The rear wall of the portico reveals the concrete structure infilled with panels of yellow face brick. The portico ceiling is lined with dark-stained timber battens. Aluminium-framed glass doors open from the portico into the chapel. High level aluminium framed awning windows light the interior choir loft.

The north and south elevations are yellow face brick and comprise a series of stepped blade walls with west-facing windows. Secondary entrances to the nave are located along both sides and the low form of the vestry and consultation rooms project out of the south face. The eastern (rear) elevation has no windows and the field of yellow face bricks features a pattern of crosses made of projecting header bricks. The land falls away at the rear and long and narrow openings provide ventilation into the understorey and then up into the chapel via floor louvers behind the altar.

The nave is a wide fan narrowing to the altar at the east end. The floor slopes down to the altar. The wide balcony choir loft is tiered and overhangs the entire west end of the nave forming a low-ceilinged entry zone supported on slender square concrete columns. The balcony balustrade is dark-stained timber battens and forms a sweeping curve. The balcony is reached via timber stairs at both ends of the entry area. The body of the chapel is a large space, brightly lit and uncluttered. The high white ceiling curves seamlessly into the east wall behind the altar where a large timber cross that appears to float on the white field is mounted.

The north and south walls are yellow face brick and the windows are positioned so they are shielded from the nave and their light is directed eastward onto the altar. The pews are darkly-stained timber and are crafted to sit on the sloping floor, progressively shorter towards the altar to suit the reducing width of the nave. The floor of the nave is clear finished timber under the pews and russet-coloured carpet in the entry, aisles and sanctuary. The sanctuary is reached by two steps and a third step supports the altar. The altar is made of large thick slabs of Helidon sandstone with the front carved with the Greek letters alpha and omega.

At the southern end a short stair leads down to a narrow, low-ceilinged corridor into the round meditation chapel. The floors of the corridor and meditation chapel are paved with glazed dark bricks and the walls are of yellow bricks. The ceiling of the meditation chapel is rough textured stucco. A large timber cross is fixed to the wall and the room contains timber kneelers and pews. Three long narrow windows light the small dark room.

The chapel contains timber furniture, sandstone font, framed portraits, metal candlesticks and a variety of liturgical items.

The forecourt is paved with concrete tiles in a stretched hexagonal pattern. It is approximately 40 metres (130 ft) square. The plaza has a concrete surface and is flanked on both sides by grass planted with Poinciana trees at regular intervals. This outdoor furniture and other plantings are not considered to be of cultural heritage significance.

On the southern side of the forecourt is a World War II memorial, a large sandstone monolith, standing within garden beds and grass and flanked by two steel flagpoles. The stone is carved with a cross and a Roll of Honour listing Queensland Lutherans who died in WWII. This is not considered to be of cultural heritage significance.

A corner of Luther House and the cafe extension to the dining hall encroach into the forecourt and plaza. They are not considered to be of cultural heritage significance.

## Heritage listing

Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 7 December 2012 having satisfied the following criteria.

**The place is important in demonstrating the evolution or pattern of Queensland's history.**

The Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly, constructed in 1968, is important in demonstrating the growth and changing practices of Christian liturgies in Queensland between the 1950s and the 1970s, in particular of the Lutheran church, a religious denomination of importance in Queensland since 1838. The chapel in its setting is a strong symbolic gesture embodying the essence of Lutheran education with theology (the chapel) visually linked to learning (the library).

The chapel is important in demonstrating the strong influence of European modernist architecture in Queensland. As a highly intact modernist church, the chapel is important in representing modernist ecclesiastical architecture in Queensland during a period of significant re-evaluation and modernisation of Christian religions worldwide.

**The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a particular class of cultural places.**

The chapel is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics and qualities of a modernist church in Queensland. Highly intact, the chapel is notable for incorporating a dominant bell tower, large, well-lit nave shaped to focus to the sanctuary, a choir loft, vestry and stark, dramatic meditation chapel. The chapel is notable for its subtle incorporation of Christian symbolism including the positioning of the Cross floating on a strongly lit curving wall as a symbol of the rising sun and the use of three elements in the design of features like the bell tower, altar and meditation chapel.

The place is an exceptional example of the work of architect, Dr Karl Langer, embodying architectural principles he developed and refined over his career. Most notably, it incorporates classical architectural devices including a processional plaza, forecourt and stylised temple front; features characteristic simplified forms and spatial arrangements and a restrained use of good quality materials; and incorporates natural light and ventilation.

**The place is important because of its aesthetic significance.**

Notable for its high quality design, materials and construction, the place is important for its aesthetic significance. The monumental bell tower is visible across the college and surrounding suburbs giving the chapel strong landmark qualities. The forecourt and plaza provide for views to and from the chapel, especially important for the symbolism in the visual link between the chapel and the library. The sculptural qualities of the austere chapel interior-including the seamless curving east wall with floating Cross; use of white plaster finishes complementing timber panelling and pale brickwork; natural lighting from the west facing clear glazing in the bladed side walls and from glazing in the west wall-evoke feelings of awe and reverence. The main chapel is a dramatic contrast to the cave-like small meditation chapel which evokes sensations of introspection and contemplation.

**The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.**

The place, designed by Dr Karl Langer, has a special association with his life and work. It is the culmination of his architectural career and embodies the defining architectural principles he developed and employed. Dr Langer is an architect of importance to Queensland and was one of the earliest architects to promote a local variation of modernist architecture. His work, particularly on climatic design, inspired and influenced contemporary and later architects.

### Attribution

This Wikipedia article was originally based on *"The Queensland heritage register"* published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 7 July 2014, archived on 8 October 2014). The geo-coordinates were originally computed from the *"Queensland heritage register boundaries"* published by the State of Queensland under CC-BY 3.0 AU licence (accessed on 5 September 2014, archived on 15 October 2014).

Media related to Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| St Peters Lutheran College Chapel | |
| --- | --- |
| Front of the building, 2014 | |
| Location | St Peters Lutheran College, Brisbane, Australia |
| Coordinates | 27°30′18″S 152°59′06″E / 27.5049°S 152.985°E / -27.5049; 152.985 |
| Design period | 1940s–1960s (post-World War II) |
| Built | 1968 |
| Built for | St Peters Lutheran College |
| Architect | Karl Langer |
| Architectural style(s) | Modernism |
|  | |
| Queensland Heritage Register | |
| Official name | Chapel of St Peter's Lutheran College, Indooroopilly |
| Type | state heritage (built) |
| Designated | 7 December 2012 |
| Reference no. | 602816 |
| Significant period | 1968 |
| Significant components | chapel, spire, pathway/walkway, courtyard, bell – church, memorial – war |
| Builders | W. W. Groom |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of St Peters Lutheran College Chapel in QueenslandSt Peters Lutheran College Chapel (Australia) | |


title: St Michael's Church, Milverton

abstract: The Church of St Michael in Milverton, Somerset, England dates from the 13th century, on the site of an even earlier chapel, and has been designated as a Grade I listed building. The church is built of red sandstone with Hamstone dressings. The carved benches date from the mid 16th century. In 1850 St Michael's was extended and repaired by Exeter-based architect John Hayward.

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# St Michael's Church, Milverton

The **Church of St Michael** in Milverton, Somerset, England dates from the 13th century, on the site of an even earlier chapel, and has been designated as a Grade I listed building.

The church is built of red sandstone with Hamstone dressings. The carved benches date from the mid 16th century. In 1850 St Michael's was extended and repaired by Exeter-based architect John Hayward.

## Architecture

The parish Church of St Michael in Milverton was designated as a Grade I listed building on 25 January 1956. Some of the original thirteenth century structure remains at the base of the tower but the building dates mostly from the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. It was restored between 1849 and 1850. It is constructed of red sandstone rubble stone with Hamstone dressings, and slate roofs. The plan consists of a four bay nave, four bay north and south aisles, each extending one bay further east than the nave, a south, fourteenth century porch and a west tower. The tower is tall and set at an oblique angle to the rest of the building. It is built in three stages and has crenellations, pinnacles at the top corners and diagonal buttresses. The north wall of the tower was at one time used for playing the racquet game fives. The north wall of the church has stepped buttresses between the windows.

The interior of the church is rendered and has octagonal piers supporting asymmetric, double chamfered arches. There are wagon roofs, galleries in both the north and south aisles, and a circular Norman font. The bench ends of the pews are elaborately carved and date to the early sixteenth century. The early twentieth century screen incorporates some pieces of late fifteenth and early sixteenth century carvings.

The Anglican parish is part of the benefice of Milverton with Halse, Fitzhead, and Ash Priors within the archdeaconry of Taunton.

## InfoBox

| Church of St Michael | |
| --- | --- |
| St Michael's Church in Milverton, England | |
| Location within Somerset | |
| General information | |
| Town or city | Milverton |
| Country | England |
| Coordinates | 51°01′32″N 3°15′13″W / 51.0256°N 3.2537°W / 51.0256; -3.2537 |
| Completed | 13th century |


title: St Michael's Church, Macclesfield

abstract: St Michael and All Angels Church overlooks Market Place in the town of Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Macclesfield and the deanery of Macclesfield. It forms a team parish with three other Macclesfield churches: All Saints, St Peter's and St Barnabas'. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. A church has been on the site since the 13th century. There have been two major reconstructions, the last being in 1898–1901. Two ancient chapels remain dating from the 15th and 16th centuries. Inside the church are a number of tombs and memorials, mainly to the memory of the Savage and Legh families.

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# St Michael's Church, Macclesfield

**St Michael and All Angels Church** overlooks Market Place in the town of Macclesfield, Cheshire, England. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Macclesfield and the deanery of Macclesfield. It forms a team parish with three other Macclesfield churches: All Saints, St Peter's and St Barnabas'. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II\* listed building.

A church has been on the site since the 13th century. There have been two major reconstructions, the last being in 1898–1901. Two ancient chapels remain dating from the 15th and 16th centuries. Inside the church are a number of tombs and memorials, mainly to the memory of the Savage and Legh families.

## History

The first church on this site was a chapel built around 1220, soon after the borough of Macclesfield was established. Around 1278 it was extended or rebuilt by Queen Eleanor, wife of Edward I and dedicated to All Saints or All Hallows. A chapel, known as the Legh chapel, was built around 1442 for Sir Piers Legh who fought and died at the Battle of Agincourt. Between 1505 and 1507 the Savage Chapel, a larger chantry chapel, was built by Thomas Savage, Archbishop of York from 1501 to 1507.

There have since been a number of reconstructions of the church. In 1739–40 it was rebuilt in neoclassical style and at this time it is likely that the church was rededicated to Saint Michael. In 1740 the wooden tower was taken down because it was considered dangerous. In 1819 the east end was rebuilt and a new chancel added. The last major rebuilding was in 1898–1901 by Arthur Blomfield when the whole church, other than part of the chancel and the Legh and Savage chapels, were replaced.

A further reordering, known as "Open Door" Phase 1, took place between June 2003 and May 2004 to provide a welcome area (narthex), meeting rooms and an office at the west end. A second phase followed in which the room to the southeast of the building was equipped as a Youth Centre. As part of the "Open Door Reordering", extensive repair work was carried out to the church roof and to the church organ which was completely dismantled, cleaned, repaired and re-built. The architectural works were carried out by Barlow, Wright and Phelps, of Buxton, Derbyshire.

## Architecture

### Exterior

The plan of the church consists of a six-bay nave with north and south aisles and a chancel with vestries to the north and south. The tower is at the west end of the south aisle. The Legh Chapel extends from the south aisle and the larger Savage Chapel is to the east of this. At the west end of the Savage Chapel is a porch surmounted by a tower. The main tower incorporates some of the earlier masonry and includes some of the original carved stones and heraldic shields representing local noble families. On its west face is a clock and beneath this is a niche containing statues representing the Virgin and Child, Saint John and Saint James.

### Interior

#### Furnishings

The font consists of a baluster and a fluted bowl dated 1744. The reredos, altar table, and communion rail dating from 1946 were designed by Sir Charles Nicholson. Behind this reredos is an older one from 1820, in Gothic style, containing arcades with ogee heads. The pulpit dates from 1876 and contains carvings of apostles. The wardens' pew is Jacobean in style. Two chandeliers are present, one dated 1882, the other was donated in 1744 and remodelled in 1822. In the porch of the Savage Chapel are fragments of medieval glass. The east window, dating from 1901, and the west window from 1902 (the latter depicting Queen Victoria), are by Powells. On the north side of the church are windows by Kempe, and by Burlison and Grylls. The Legh Chapel contains glass by Shrigley and Hunt dated 1903. On the northeast of the nave is glass by Christopher Whall, from about 1910, and by Paul Woodroffe. In the Savage Chapel the glass is all by Morris & Co., dating from the early 20th century. The two-manual organ was made by Percy Daniel and Company. There is a ring of 12 bells, all cast in 1923 by John Taylor and Company.

### Chapels and monuments

The major points of interest in the church are the chapels and the monuments. The church contains "the finest collection of alabaster effigies in Cheshire". The smaller Legh Chapel, built around 1422 and rebuilt in 1620, is now used as a baptistry. It contains a number of memorial brasses, including one to William Legh who died in 1630.

#### The Savage Chapel

The Savage Chapel is the larger of the two family chapels at St Michael's, it was built between 1505 and 1507 by Archbishop Thomas Savage, a member of the family who served as Archbishop of York. Many members of the Savage family are buried in tombs within the chapel.

In the Savage Chapel is the Pardon Brass in memory of Roger Legh who died in 1506. This was in three parts, one showing Roger kneeling with his six sons, and one showing the *Mass of Saint Gregory*; the other part, which is missing, is thought to have shown Roger's wife with their seven daughters. Its inscription shows that for five Paternosters, five Aves and one Creed, an indulgence will be given for 26,000 years and 26 days in purgatory.

Many of the tombs and memorials represent members of the Savage family and a high proportion of these have the forename of John. The tomb of Sir John Savage who died in 1597 and his wife, Lady Elizabeth Manners, are in the Savage Chapel. On the tomb are their recumbent effigies with Elizabeth, who was the daughter of the Earl of Rutland, at a higher level to reflect her superior rank. Above them is a canopy on which are two female figures. It was this John Savage who built the great mansion of Rocksavage near Runcorn. To the south of this tomb is a white alabaster tombstone which is thought to be in memory of George Savage, chancellor of the diocese of Chester who died in 1552. Also in the chapel is the effigy of a civilian, showing the head and shoulders and the feet, the centre being left as plain masonry. In the southeast corner of the chapel is the tomb of Sir John Savage who died in 1528 and his wife, Elizabeth, daughter of Charles Somerset, 1st Earl of Worcester.

In the apse of the chapel are a damaged piscina and aumbry, and a squint giving a view of the main altar. The altar in the chapel is the original one in stone. In the north wall of the chapel, between the chapel and the nave of the church, are two more tombs with effigies. One is Sir John Savage, the elder brother of Archbishop Savage. He had been a commander at the Battle of Bosworth Field in 1485 and was killed at a Siege of Boulogne (1492). The other is the tomb of his son, John Savage, who died in 1527 and who was Sheriff of Worcestershire for 24 years.

On the south side of the sanctuary is the tomb of Sir John Savage, who died in 1495, and his wife Katherine, daughter of Thomas Stanley, 1st Baron Stanley. This is considered to be the finest tomb in the church and contains recumbent alabaster effigies of the couple. On the south side of the sanctuary is another fine alabaster monument of a knight in armour which is known as the Downes effigy. This is thought to represent one of the Downes of Shrigley. In the chancel is the tomb of Thomas Savage, 3rd Earl Rivers, who died in 1694 (the memorial was moved from the south aisle in the 2003-4 reordering). He is depicted in a robe with a wig, semi-reclining under a marble canopy which is supported by Corinthian columns.

## External features

In the churchyard is a sundial dating probably from the 18th century. It consists of a baluster-pedestal on a stone base. It is listed at Grade II. Also listed at Grade II are the churchyard walls, railings, gates and gate piers.

## Further reading

* *The Last Days of the Old Church* (Reprinted with additions from "The Macclesfield Courier and Herald" of 7 May 1898 ed.), Macclesfield: Claye, Brown, and Claye, 1898, p. 89
* Laughton, Jane (2003), *The Church in the Market Place*, Brammer, Ian (photog.), Macclesfield: St Michael's Church, p. 168, ISBN 0-9544044-0-8 A history written by a professional historian.
* Owens, T. C. (1993), *The Story of Macclesfield Parish Church*, Macclesfield: St Michael's Church, p. 23

## InfoBox

| St Michael and All Angels Church, Macclesfield | |
| --- | --- |
| St Michael's Church, Macclesfield, from the west | |
| St Michael and All Angels Church, MacclesfieldLocation in Cheshire | |
| 53°15′37″N 2°07′28″W / 53.2603°N 2.1244°W / 53.2603; -2.1244 | |
| OS grid reference | SJ 917 737 |
| Location | Macclesfield, Cheshire |
| Country | England |
| Denomination | Anglican |
| Website | St Michael's, Macclesfield |
| History | |
| Status | Parish church |
| Dedication | Saint Michael |
| Consecrated | 1278 |
| Architecture | |
| Functional status | Active |
| Heritage designation | Grade II\* |
| Designated | 14 April 1949 |
| Architect(s) | Arthur Blomfield |
| Architectural type | Church |
| Style | Gothic, Gothic Revival |
| Completed | 1901 |
| Specifications | |
| Materials | Red sandstone<br>Stone-flagged roof |
| Administration | |
| Province | York |
| Diocese | Chester |
| Archdeaconry | Macclesfield |
| Deanery | Macclesfield |
| Parish | The Macclesfield Team Parish |
| Clergy | |
| Rector | Martin Stephens |
| Laity | |
| Reader(s) | Fran Hiles, Mike Strutt, Lynne Spedding |
| Parish administrator | vacant |


title: St. Panteleimon F.C.

abstract: St. Panteleimon Football Club was a football club based in Greenford, Greater London, England.

text:
# St. Panteleimon F.C.

**St. Panteleimon Football Club** was a football club based in Greenford, Greater London, England.

## History

The club was founded on 16 May 2015, for the Greek Orthodox community in London. St. Panteleimon initially competed in the KOPA League, before joining the Middlesex Football League. The club entered the FA Vase for the first time in 2018–19, beating Holmer Green 3–1 in their first match in the competition on 1 September 2018.

After winning the Premier Division of the Middlesex County League in 2018–19, the club were promoted to Division One of the Spartan South Midlands League. In 2021 the club were promoted to the Premier Division North of the Combined Counties League based on their results in the abandoned 2019–20 and 2020–21 seasons. After a single season in the Combined Counties League, the club transferred back to the Spartan South Midlands League, joining the Premier Division.

On 28 March 2024, St. Panteleimon chairman George Frangeskou announced the club would fold with immediate effect due to the "unsustainable" financial demands.

## Ground

The club most recently groundshared with Hertford Town at Hertingfordbury Park, having previously played at The Hive Stadium's facilities and groundsharing with Edgware Town at Silver Jubilee Park.

## Honours

* **Middlesex County League**
    + Premier Division Champions: 2018–19
    + Division One (Central & East) champions: 2017–18
    + The Alec Smith Premier Division Cup winners: 2018–19

## Records

* Best league position: 6th in the Spartan South Midlands League Premier Division, 2022–23
* Best FA Cup performance: Preliminary round, 2022–23
* Best FA Vase performance: Third round, 2022–23

51°47′30.22″N 0°05′18.03″W / 51.7917278°N 0.0883417°W / 51.7917278; -0.0883417

## InfoBox

St. Panteleimon
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | St. Panteleimon Football Club |
| Nickname(s) | The Saints |
| Founded | 16 May 2015 |
| Dissolved | 28 March 2024 |
| Ground | Hertingfordbury Park, Hertford |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: St. Pankraz (Upper Austria)

abstract: St. Pankraz is a municipality in the district of Kirchdorf in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

text:
# St. Pankraz (Upper Austria)

**St. Pankraz** ( English: St. Pancras) is a municipality in the district of Kirchdorf in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

## Geography

St. Pankraz lies in the Traunviertel. About 70 percent of the municipality is forest, and 9 percent is farmland.

## InfoBox

| St. Pankraz | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| St. PankrazLocation within Austria | |
| Coordinates: 47°45′54″N 14°12′34″E / 47.76500°N 14.20944°E / 47.76500; 14.20944 | |
| Country | Austria |
| State | Upper Austria |
| District | Kirchdorf |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Manfred Degelsegger (SPÖ) |
| Area | |
| Total | 47.14 km2 (18.20 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 531 m (1,742 ft) |
| Population (2018-01-01) | |
| Total | 362 |
| Density | 7.7/km2 (20/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 4572 |
| Area code | +43 7565 |
| Vehicle registration | KI |
| Website | www.st-pankraz.at |


title: St James, Western Australia

abstract: St James is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, shared between the Town of Victoria Park and the City of Canning in the city's inner south-east. St James is almost wholly residential, with a small commercial strip along Albany Highway and scattered businesses elsewhere. Boundary Road defines the boundary between the City of Canning and Town of Victoria Park and is the main east-west thoroughfare in the suburb. The main north-south counterparts are Albany Highway in the east and Berwick Street/Chapman Road in the west.

text:
# St James, Western Australia

**St James** is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, shared between the Town of Victoria Park and the City of Canning in the city's inner south-east.

St James is almost wholly residential, with a small commercial strip along Albany Highway and scattered businesses elsewhere. Boundary Road defines the boundary between the City of Canning and Town of Victoria Park and is the main east-west thoroughfare in the suburb. The main north-south counterparts are Albany Highway in the east and Berwick Street/Chapman Road in the west.

## Name

The name "St James Park" was proposed by the Canning Road Board in 1939 for the area bounded by Boundary Road, Albany Highway, Welshpool Road, the Armadale railway line, Ewing Street, Bedford Park, and Taree Street. It was apparently named after St James's Park in London. The name was initially rejected by the state government's Nomenclature Committee, as it had no historical significance to Western Australia. However, it remained in local use and in 1957 the northern portion of Bentley was officially gazetted as the new suburb of St James.

A number of streets in the suburb are named after notable UK Prime Ministers and Members of Parliament (including Palmerston, Walpole and Pitt Streets).

## History

Prior to European settlement, St James was occupied by the Beeloo subgroup of the Noongar people. Until World War II, most of St James was vacant bushland with some portions used for agricultural purposes. In the post-war period a significant amount of public housing was built by the State Housing Commission in St James and Bentley. Hundreds of blocks were also made available to war veterans by the War Service Homes Commission.

In the 1990s the State Housing Commission began a process of redeveloping its public housing assets in St James and neighbouring suburbs, with the homes built in the 1950s demolished and either sold to private owners as vacant lots or rebuilt at higher densities.

## Transport

### Bus

Bus routes serving Hill View Terrace:

## InfoBox

| St James
Perth, Western Australia | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Coordinates | 32°00′04″S 115°54′40″E / 32.001°S 115.911°E / -32.001; 115.911 |
| Population | 4,894 (SAL 2021) |
| Established | 1957 |
| Postcode(s) | 6102 |
| Area | 1.8 km2 (0.69 sq mi) |
| LGA(s) |  |
| State electorate(s) | Victoria Park |
| Federal division(s) | Swan |
| **Suburbs around St James:**  East Victoria Park East Victoria Park Welshpool  Bentley St James Bentley  Bentley Bentley Bentley | |


title: St. Teresa's College of Education

abstract: St. Teresa's College of Education is a teacher education college in Hohoe. The college is located in Volta Zone zone. It is one of the about 40 public colleges of education in Ghana. The college participated in the DFID-funded T-TEL programme.

text:
# St. Teresa's College of Education

**St. Teresa's College of Education** is a teacher education college in Hohoe (Hohoe Municipal District, Volta Region, Ghana). The college is located in Volta Zone zone. It is one of the about 40 public colleges of education in Ghana. The college participated in the DFID-funded T-TEL programme.

## History

St. Teresa's College of Education, a female institution, which was originally called Women's Training College (WOTRACO) was established on the 1st of November, 1961 with 35 pioneer students. The college was founded by His Lordship Rt. Rev. Anthony Konings who was the Bishop of Keta Diocese. The name of the College was changed to St. Teresa's Training College in 1964 when the institution was placed under the patronage of St. Teresa of the Child Jesus and adopted the motto “Live the Truth in Charity”. The college inherited the premises of a Sisters’ Convent which had two storey buildings and one bungalow. Between1963-1967 a number of structures for academic work and residence were built. A 6-unit classroom block and a Library were put in 2007 by the government.

In 1975, government converted the college into a Teachers’ Resource Centre against the wish of the Dioceses. The teacher training programme was re-introduced in 1977 with the admission of men in addition to female students. In the 1990/1991 academic year it was restored to its original status as a female institution. The College, at the time of its establishment offered the 2-year Teachers Certificate ‘B’ course. The first batch of Certificate ‘A’ 4-year trainees were admitted in the 1962/63 were admitted.

Principals of the college since 1961 are the following:
| Name | Years served |
| --- | --- |
| Ms. Catherine Bagley | 1961 – 1962 |
| Ms. Eleanor Staunton | 1962 – 1970 |
| Mrs. Justine Adjah (Ag.) | 1970 – 1973 |
| Ms. Cecilia Y. Tibu | 1973 – 1978 |
| Mrs. Gladys B. Ahiabu | 1978 – 1990 |
| Mrs. Matilda Louisa Asamoah (Ag). | 1990 |
| Mrs. Benedicta A. N. Tiriku | 1990 – 2001 |
| Ms. Josephine Rita Yempew | 2001 – 2008 |

## InfoBox

St. Teresa's College of Education
| Affiliation | Government of Ghana |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Hohoe, Hohoe Municipal District, VC0002, Ghana
7°09′32″N 0°28′55″E / 7.15879°N 0.48193°E / 7.15879; 0.48193 |
| Language | English |
| Region
Zone | Volta Region
Volta Zone |
| Short name | Teresco / Wotraco |
| Source: *An Atlas of The Forty Colleges of Education in Ghana.* | |


title: St. Teresa's Hospital

abstract: St. Teresa's Hospital is the largest nonprofit Roman Catholic charitable hospital in Kowloon, Hong Kong. It is located on 327 Prince Edward Road West.

text:
# St. Teresa's Hospital

| St. Teresa's Hospital | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Traditional Chinese | 聖德肋撒醫院 |
| Transcriptions  Yue: Cantonese  Yale Romanization Sing dāk lahk saat yī yuhn  Jyutping Sing3 dak1 lak6 saat3 ji1 jyun6 | |
|  | |

**St. Teresa's Hospital** is the largest nonprofit Roman Catholic charitable hospital in Kowloon, Hong Kong. It is located on 327 Prince Edward Road West.

## History

St Paul's Hospital in Causeway Bay had grown out of the caring activities undertaken by the Sisters of the Roman Catholic Christian order St. Paul de Chartres for the poor and underprivileged of the Wan Chai and Happy Valley areas of Hong Kong Island, which commenced in the mid-19th century after the order had first established itself in the then British colony.

To provide geographically closer services for the people of Kowloon on the opposite side of the Victoria Harbour, the Pauline Sisters founded St Teresa's Hospital in 1940. It is sometimes known locally as the "French Hospital", or "Kowloon French Hospital" to distinguish it from St. Paul's Hospital in Hong Kong Island, which is also known colloquially as the "French Hospital". The location of the hospital was next to the demolished Ma Tau Wai, an indigenous village that the modern-day area was named after.

St Teresa's has 1,050 beds and offers a very wide range of specialisations. The hospital is a member of Hong Kong Private Hospitals Association.

St Teresa's Hospital is surveyed and accredited bi-annually by QHA Trent Accreditation of the United Kingdom, a major international healthcare accreditation group.

## School of Nursing

From 1969 to 2002, Saint Teresa's had a School of Nursing for Pupil Nurses (General Nurse). The school reopened in 2005 with a two-year programme, accredited by the Hong Kong Nursing Council, to train Enrolled Nurses on a practical and theoretical level. After completing the training, graduates are eligible for enrollment with the Hong Kong Nursing Council as a general Enrolled Nurse (Licensed practical nurse).

## Footnotes

1. "Contact Us". Hong Kong: St. Teresa's Hospital. Retrieved 23 January 2021. Address: St. Teresa's Hospital 327 Prince Edward Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong
2. 蕭險峰; 岑智明; 劉國偉 (15 April 2016). 九龍城「上帝古廟」原址考證 (PDF). *Fieldwork and Documents: South China Research Resource Station Newsletter* (in Chinese (Hong Kong)) (83): 13. ISSN 1990-9020.
3. "District Council Constituency Boundaries - Kowloon City District" (PDF). Electoral Affairs Commission. February 2019. Retrieved 22 January 2021.
4. "Saint Teresa's Hospital Nursing School". Archived from the original on 19 July 2009. Retrieved 21 June 2009.

## InfoBox

| St. Teresa's Hospital | |
| --- | --- |
| Sisters of Charity of St. Paul | |
| St. Teresa's Hospital in November 2007 | |
|  | |
| Geography | |
| Location | 327 Prince Edward Road West, Kowloon City District, Hong Kong |
| Coordinates | 22°19′35″N 114°11′05″E / 22.32647°N 114.18462°E / 22.32647; 114.18462 |
| Organisation | |
| Care system | Private (Catholic) |
| Funding | Non-profit hospital |
| Type | District General |
| Religious affiliation | Roman Catholic |
| Services | |
| Emergency department | No Accident & Emergency |
| Beds | 1,050 |
| Helipad | No |
| History | |
| Opened | 1940 (1940) |
| Links | |
| Website | www.sth.org.hk |
| Lists | Hospitals in Hong Kong |


title: St Anne's Church, Worksop

abstract: St. Anne's Church, Worksop is an Anglican parish church in Worksop, Nottinghamshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

text:
# St Anne's Church, Worksop

53°18′11″N 01°07′58″W / 53.30306°N 1.13278°W / 53.30306; -1.13278

**St. Anne's Church, Worksop** is an Anglican parish church in Worksop, Nottinghamshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.

## History

The church was built in 1911 by the Lancaster architects Austin and Paley.

It is located on Newcastle Avenue. It is built in the 15th-century Perpendicular style.

## Memorials

The church contains the medieval-style alabaster canopied tomb of Sir John Robinson, the builder of the church. The monument comprises a recumbent effigy in Carrara marble by Albert Toft. This was designed by Henry Paley of the Lancaster architectural practice; its estimated cost was £2,055.

## Organ

The church has an historic pipe organ which originated in an organ by Gray & Davison in 1852 for Clapham Congregational Church. This was later installed in St. John's Church, Buckley in Flintshire, and then moved to St. Anne's Church, by Goetze and Gwynn in 1999. A specification and pictures of the pipe organ can be found on the National Pipe Organ Register.

## Bells

The church has ten bells.

**Citations**

**Sources**

## InfoBox

| St. Anne's Church, Worksop | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Denomination | Church of England |
| Churchmanship | Broad Church |
| Website | http://www.stanneschurch.co.uk |
| History | |
| Dedication | St. Anne |
| Administration | |
| Province | York |
| Diocese | Southwell and Nottingham |
| Parish | Worksop |
| Clergy | |
| Vicar(s) | Revd David Gough |


title: Stagecoach Trail

abstract:
Stagecoach Trail is a historic route through northern Jo Daviess County and western Stephenson County, in the northwest of Illinois. The trail was a part of the larger Galena–Chicago trail that crossed almost the entire state. Stagecoach Trail connects Galena and Lena through the communities of Scales Mound, Apple River, Warren and Nora. Stagecoach Trail runs through the third highest point in Illinois, Waddams Hill. It also runs close to the highest point in Illinois, Charles Mound, and the Illinois-Wisconsin border. The route can be used as an alternative for U.S. Route 20 between Lena and Galena, through picturesque communities and landscapes. Stagecoach rides are offered at several points along the trail. Late 20th century, the communities on the Stagecoach Trail, from Lena through Scales Mound, held an annual Stagecoach Trail Festival in June. Section and road numbers are:
  - County Road 6 in Stephenson County, Illinois, between the U.S. Route 20 and the County Divide Road.
  - County Road 13 in Jo Daviess County, Illinois, between the County Divide Road and Central Warren.
  - Illinois Route 78 in Central Warren
  - County Road 3 in Jo Daviess County, Illinois, between Warren and Galena.

text:
# Stagecoach Trail

**Stagecoach Trail** is a historic route through northern Jo Daviess County and western Stephenson County, in the northwest of Illinois. The trail was a part of the larger Galena–Chicago trail that crossed almost the entire state.

Stagecoach Trail connects Galena and Lena through the communities of Scales Mound, Apple River, Warren and Nora. Stagecoach Trail runs through the third highest point in Illinois, Waddams Hill. It also runs close to the highest point in Illinois, Charles Mound, and the Illinois-Wisconsin border.

The route can be used as an alternative for U.S. Route 20 between Lena and Galena, through picturesque communities and landscapes. Stagecoach rides are offered at several points along the trail. Late 20th century, the communities on the Stagecoach Trail, from Lena through Scales Mound, held an annual Stagecoach Trail Festival in June.

Section and road numbers are:

## InfoBox

| Stagecoach Trail | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Length | 40 mi (64 km) |
| Existed | 1837–present |
| Major junctions | |
| East end | Lena, Illinois |
| West end | Galena, Illinois |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
| **Scenic route** | |


title: Stadio Gino Manni

abstract: Stadio Gino Manni formerly Stadio Comunale Gino Manni is the main stadium of municipality of Colle di Val d'Elsa. It was inaugurated in 1982 and is the playground of Colligiana, the football team of Colle Val d'Elsa, in 2008-09 and 2009–10 seasons he played in the Pro League Second Division championship was named Gino Manni, Colligiana football glory, boasting in Serie A in the thirties and forties and, repeatedly coached the local football team, bringing in the 1957/58 season to the European record of consecutive victories. It has a capacity of over 3,000 spectators. It features a covered grandstand and an outdoor staircase. Under the grandstand houses are the offices of the headquarters of Colligiana, restrooms and storage. It features track and platforms for the conduct of all disciplines of athletics. The measures of the grass are the standard form of 105 m to 65 m. The sports complex includes a field that is part grass subsidiary of regulatory measures with discovery platform, two subsidiaries in volcanic fields, three soccer fields in synthetic, a pool and a gym. All systems are equipped with lighting. Inside the stadium there is a bar and a restaurant. It is part of the Abbey of the sports complex, which includes the Sports Arena, the indoor skating rink, the golf course, the installation of the shooting, tennis courts. Since the football team of Siena in Serie A, has become the training ground of the team Juventus. It hosted several matches of the World Cup tournament in Viareggio and has been home to a withdrawal of Turin in 1992. There was held the final of the Italian Super Cup women's soccer in 1999. Every year is the seat of the Epiphany football tournament involving many youth football teams.

text:
# Stadio Gino Manni

**Stadio Gino Manni** formerly **Stadio Comunale Gino Manni** is the main stadium of municipality of Colle di Val d'Elsa.

It was inaugurated in 1982 and is the playground of Colligiana, the football team of Colle Val d'Elsa, in 2008-09 and 2009–10 seasons he played in the Pro League Second Division championship was named Gino Manni, Colligiana football glory, boasting in Serie A in the thirties and forties and, repeatedly coached the local football team, bringing in the 1957/58 season to the European record of consecutive victories.

It has a capacity of over 3,000 spectators. It features a covered grandstand and an outdoor staircase. Under the grandstand houses are the offices of the headquarters of Colligiana, restrooms and storage. It features track and platforms for the conduct of all disciplines of athletics. The measures of the grass are the standard form of 105 m to 65 m.

The sports complex includes a field that is part grass subsidiary of regulatory measures with discovery platform, two subsidiaries in volcanic fields, three soccer fields in synthetic, a pool and a gym. All systems are equipped with lighting. Inside the stadium there is a bar and a restaurant.

It is part of the Abbey of the sports complex, which includes the Sports Arena, the indoor skating rink, the golf course, the installation of the shooting, tennis courts. Since the football team of Siena in Serie A, has become the training ground of the team Juventus.

It hosted several matches of the World Cup tournament in Viareggio and has been home to a withdrawal of Turin in 1992. There was held the final of the Italian Super Cup women's soccer in 1999. Every year is the seat of the Epiphany football tournament involving many youth football teams.

## InfoBox

Stadio Gino Manni
| Ingresso stadio comunale Gino Manni | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Full name | Stadio Comunale "Gino Manni" |
| Location | Via Liguria N° 3,<br>53034, Colle di Val d'Elsa (SI) |
| Coordinates | 43°24′N 11°8′E / 43.400°N 11.133°E / 43.400; 11.133 (Stadio Gino Manni) |
| Owner | Municipality of Colle di Val d'Elsa |
| Operator | V.F. Colligiana |
| Capacity | 3,000 |
| Field size | 110 m × 65 m (361 ft × 213 ft) |
| Surface | Grass |
| Construction | |
| Built | Unknown |
| Opened | 1982 |
| Renovated | 2009 |
| Tenants | |
| V.F. Colligiana | |


title: Stadio Gaetano Bonolis

abstract: Stadio Gaetano Bonolis is a multi-use stadium in Piano d'Accio frazione, in Teramo, Italy. It is currently used mostly for football matches and concerts. It is the home ground of Teramo Calcio. The stadium capacity is 7,498. The stadium is named after Gaetano Bonolis, a medical doctor of the club as a posthumous honour.

text:
# Stadio Gaetano Bonolis

**Stadio Gaetano Bonolis** (also known as **Stadio di Piano d'Accio**) is a multi-use stadium in Piano d'Accio *frazione*, in Teramo, Italy. It is currently used mostly for football matches and concerts. It is the home ground of Teramo Calcio. The stadium capacity is 7,498.

The stadium is named after Gaetano Bonolis, a medical doctor of the club as a posthumous honour.

42°39′27″N 13°41′56″E / 42.65750°N 13.69889°E / 42.65750; 13.69889

## InfoBox

Stadio Gaetano Bonolis
| Bonolis tribuna | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location | Teramo, Italy |
| Owner | Municipality of Teramo |
| Capacity | 7,498 (22,000 for concerts) |
| Surface | Grass |
| Opened | 2008 |
| Tenants | |
| Teramo | |


title: Stai

abstract:
Stai is a Norwegian surname derived from the Norwegian places named Stai. Notable people with the surname include:
  - Anette Stai, Norwegian model
  - Brenden Stai, American football player
  - Dian Graves Stai, American businesswoman and philanthropist
  - Elli Stai, Greek journalist and talk show presenter
  - Erik Stai (1915–2004), Norwegian high jumper
  - Kari Stai, Norwegian illustrator, graphic designer and children's writer

text:
# Stai

**Stai** is a Norwegian surname derived from the Norwegian places named Stai. Notable people with the surname include:

* Anette Stai (born 1961), Norwegian model
* Brenden Stai (born 1972), American football player
* Dian Graves Stai (born 1940), American businesswoman and philanthropist
* Elli Stai (born 1954), Greek journalist and talk show presenter
* Erik Stai (1915–2004), Norwegian high jumper
* Kari Stai (born 1974), Norwegian illustrator, graphic designer and children's writer


title: Stanlake Park Wine Estate

abstract: Stanlake Park Wine Estate is the largest vineyard in the English county of Berkshire. It is situated near to Twyford, in the parishes of Hurst and Ruscombe.

text:
# Stanlake Park Wine Estate

**Stanlake Park Wine Estate** is the largest vineyard in the English county of Berkshire. It is situated near to Twyford, in the parishes of Hurst and Ruscombe.

## Vineyard and winery

The estate dates back to 1166 and is located in Berkshire with four vineyards covering 10 acres (4.0 ha) of the 130-acre (53 ha) estate. It was originally known as Thames Valley Vineyards and was first planted in 1979 by Jon S. E. Leighton. The estate produces 14 different wines as well as a small number of wines from Italy courtesy of winemaker Nico Centonze from his family vineyard in Puglia, Italy. The winery also makes wine for other smaller vineyards in the locality.

## Manor house

Stanlake Park has a 17th-century country house at the centre of the estate. It was the manor house of Hinton Pipard and was built by the Aldworth family, who lived there before becoming Barons Braybrooke and moving to Billingbear House. They fought for Charles I during the English Civil War and, in 1646, Richard Aldworth founded Reading Blue Coat School. There is a stained glass window in the house showing the date of 1626 and was presented to the owner by Charles I.

## Visitors

The Estate has a shop and bar and is open to the public 5 days per week as well as conducting wine tours.

51°28′15″N 0°50′54″W / 51.47083°N 0.84833°W / 51.47083; -0.84833


title: Stanlee Gatti

abstract: Stanlee Ray Gatti is an American event designer and arts administrator, based in San Francisco, California. He is famous for his innovation and unique style in the decoration and design of large and lavish parties. He has served in leadership roles at the San Francisco Arts Commission, and California Art Council. Gatti founded the annual art fair, Fog Fair.

text:
# Stanlee Gatti

**Stanlee Ray Gatti** (born October 28, 1955) is an American event designer and arts administrator, based in San Francisco, California. He is famous for his innovation and unique style in the decoration and design of large and lavish parties.

He has served in leadership roles at the San Francisco Arts Commission, and California Art Council. Gatti founded the annual art fair, *Fog Fair*.

## Early life and education

Gatti was born in a small mining town of Raton, New Mexico, and is the second youngest of five children born to mother Ann Simovich Gatti and father Larry Gatti. His father who was a coal miner and a master craftsman was born in Arpino, Italy. His mother was born in Van Houten, New Mexico, and is of Montenegrin descent. Gatti is proud of his cultural heritage and always responds to anyone who simplifies his heritage as Italian merely by his surname saying, "I am half Italian and half Montenegrin."

Gatti studied at both the University of Northern Colorado and the University of Oregon. After college he briefly returned home to coordinate events at the local country club, and worked as a department store window dresser. Within the year, he moved to Aspen, Colorado to participate in the Aspen Music Festival and worked in a local plant store. In August 1978, he moved to San Francisco and landed a job at the St. Francis Hotel flower shop. Later he was hired to work for the hotel in the capacity of Hospitality Manager, a position created for him by Bill Grzywacz, a hotel executive who later became Gatti's partner and most trusted advisor.

## Event planning

In 1985 the Hotel St. Francis catering director, Larry Dean asked Gatti to design a table for a group of women who were on the planning committee for the 75th Anniversary of the San Francisco Symphony. The committee consisted of Danielle Walker, founder of the California Culinary Academy, Nancy Bechtle, Genelle Relfe, and Barri Ramsey.\* During that era the Hotel was the largest caterer of San Francisco society events and was hired to cater the SFS Anniversary gala. Once the women saw the table, Walker reportedly exclaimed “who did this?” and the committee asked Gatti to design the Gala, although he had never done anything on that scale before.

In Gatti’s first professional effort, he stirred up the traditional staid Symphony crowd with unusually bold colors and design. By the morning after the gala Gatti was receiving calls from San Francisco social doyennes and within three months, Gatti left his position at the hotel and started his own firm, Stanlee R. Gatti Designs.

He soon joined the ranks of the San Francisco elite, not only creating events but attending, hosting, and having parties thrown for him. According to his mother, “Stan never meets a stranger”. A local blog, the SFist ran a “Stanlee Gatti count” to list his mentions in San Francisco gossip columns. In 1998 San Francisco Examiner Rob Morse deemed him one of the three most powerful people in San Francisco.

Gatti’s event design career has been covered in numerous publications including: W Magazine, Town and Country Magazine, People magazine, InStyle magazine, San Francisco Chronicle Magazine.

## Civic involvement and positions

In 1996, Mayor Willie Brown appointed Gatti as the President of the San Francisco Arts Commission, an important agency that manages a set-aside art fund of two percent of all city building projects. Gatti used his position to push the boundaries of San Francisco’s famously conservative taste in public art. His best-received initiatives were installations by Vito Acconci, Ned Kahn, Robert Arneson and Bill Viola. Gatti brought ten Keith Haring sculptures to San Francisco, one of which remains at Moscone Center. Gatti generated as much controversy as admiration. He jokingly proposed to mount a 30 foot Louise Bourgeois spider atop the dome of San Francisco’s City Hall which created turmoil within the community. A more serious proposal to install a sculpture in the panhandle of Golden Gate Park of a giant peace symbol by artist Tony Labat ran afoul by neighborhood activists and was subsequently rejected by the Recreation and Parks Commission. In 1999, an already approved commission for a stainless steel sculpture of a giant foot by artist Buster Simpson to be placed by the Ferry Building was criticized by members of the public and by the San Francisco Board of Supervisors who ultimately defunded the project. Gatti unexpectedly resigned from the commission during the midterm of Mayor Gavin Newsom.

In 1999, Gatti was appointed to the California Art Council by Governor Gavin Newsom. He is a trustee of the board of directors of the California College of the Arts, a trustee of The San Francisco War Memorial Board and a founding member of the FOG Fair. He is a past member of the Yerba Buena Center for the Arts board of directors, and the San Francisco Zoo board of directors.

## Fog Fair

In 2008, Gatti founded a San Francisco-based art and design fair titled *SF20*, which, several years later was renamed, *FOG FAIR* and was created to benefit SFMOMA. The fair serves as one of the preeminent art and design fairs nationwide. FOG Fair has a volunteer board of directors consisting of Gatti, Katie Schwab Paige, Allison Spear, Douglas Durkin, and Susan Swig. The fair entrance is consistently designed and created by Gatti in what has become the conic installation titled 21POP.

## Personal life

He was best man at the wedding of Governor Gavin Newsom to former wife Kimberly Guilfoyle, and designed Governor Newsom’s subsequent Montana wedding to Jennifer Siebel.

Famous friends include: Robin Williams, Jason Lewis, Danielle Steel, Joni Mitchell, Steve Silver, Ann and Gordon Getty, Helen and Chuck Schwab, Charlotte and George Shultz, and David Blaine who says “Stanlee is a visual artistic magician and a good friend”.

Gatti has been photographed by notable photographers including Larry Sultan.

## Design style

Friends and colleagues praise Mr. Gatti’s “genius” for creative design. He is among the few American designers who approach event planning as a visual art form as much as a business service. He is “one of the most venerated event designers in the United States.” His creative process is spontaneous and focuses heavily on color. He is responsible for inventing many event design techniques which have become the standard in the event world. He is an event trendsetter.

## Stanlee R. Gatti Designs

Mr. Gatti’s company Stanlee R Gatti Designs produces events where the focus is on the design and aesthetic experience. His work involves the fabrication and installation of decorations, interior design, tents, and other temporary structures, lighting, flowers, costumes, entertainment, and table settings. Some are mise-en-scene installations, such as simulating a forest inside a tent (including a black night sky, mulch floor, live pine trees, fog, and cold temperature) to celebrate San Francisco’s Presidio becoming a part of the National Park Service.

His staff of 55 people produces weddings, galas, and all forms of events worldwide.

### Solo installations

### Commissioned projects

### Weddings

## InfoBox

| Stanlee Ray Gatti | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | October 28, 1955 (1955-10-28) (age 68)
Raton, New Mexico, U.S. |
| Education | University of Northern Colorado
University of Oregon |
| Occupation(s) | event designer, arts administrator |


title: Stanley's Cup

abstract: "Stanley's Cup" is the fourteenth and final episode in the tenth season of the American animated television series South Park. The 153rd episode of the series overall, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 15, 2006. In the episode, Stan is forced to become the coach of a pee-wee hockey team. Written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker, the episode parodies the 1992 film The Mighty Ducks and BASEketball. In the episode, Stan's bike is towed, and he can't do his job as a paperboy. The only way of getting his bike back is to coach a pee-wee hockey team. Similar to Cartmanland, the health of a character is affected by others' fortune or misfortune.

text:
# Stanley's Cup

"**Stanley's Cup**" is the fourteenth and final episode in the tenth season of the American animated television series *South Park*. The 153rd episode of the series overall, it originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 15, 2006. In the episode, Stan is forced to become the coach of a pee-wee hockey team. Written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker, the episode parodies the 1992 film *The Mighty Ducks* and *BASEketball*.

In the episode, Stan's bike is towed, and he can't do his job as a paperboy. The only way of getting his bike back is to coach a pee-wee hockey team. Similar to *Cartmanland*, the health of a character is affected by others' fortune or misfortune.

## Plot

Stan's bicycle is towed away and impounded for parking violations. To reacquire it, he is forced to become the coach of a pee-wee hockey team. As coach, he quickly runs into a whole host of problems in dealing with the small boys. One of the boys, Nelson, has cancer, which has already spread to his bone marrow. When he takes a turn for the worse, he asks Stan to win a game for him. However, neither team is capable of scoring and the game ends in a tie. Subsequently, Nelson's cancer remains in limbo - his health is neither improving nor getting worse. Looking for a chance to win, Stan persuades Kyle to allow his adopted brother Ike to play as a ringer due to him being Canadian; Kyle reluctantly agrees despite his mother disapproving of hockey being a dangerous sport. In the meantime, Stan's father Randy is tormented that his son returned to hockey after he failed to win a game when he was in pee-wee hockey.

The team is invited to play at the Pepsi Center, with the same premise — if Stan's team wins, Nelson will have enough hope to survive. When they get to the Pepsi Center to play in the intermission of an NHL professional ice hockey game between the Colorado Avalanche and Detroit Red Wings, the other team does not show up, and Stan worries that since they cannot play, it could result in Nelson's death. Attempting to console the boys, the Avalanche let the pee-wee team play the final period of their game against the Red Wings. The Red Wings unleash a vicious assault on the boys and go on to win, 32–2. Nelson dies in the hospital and the Red Wings celebrate their victory to the song "We Are the Champions", while Stan looks on dumbfounded at this turn of events and Randy is once again upset that his son lost.

## Production

Trey Parker and Matt Stone revealed that "Stanley's Cup" started off as a "bank episode," an episode which is partially produced in advance at the start of the season for use towards the end of the season to allow for rest during the run. However, whenever Parker and Stone wanted to finish the "banked" episode, they found it increasingly difficult to do so. Because of the dissatisfaction with the episode, it was not finished until they were forced to work on it: at the end of the production run with one episode left to be produced. Because the second half of season ten did not feature a true "bank episode," and thus did not allow for extra time off, Parker and Stone described the run as being an extremely difficult one to complete. Stone compared it to child birth, while Parker thought their struggles to finish production on the season could have resulted in the show ultimately being cancelled.

For the commentary of the final version, Matt and Trey, both find the ending to be very comical, after several weeks of production struggle and describe it as "a really happy ending for the other person's story," but it is polarizing amongst fans.

## Reception

Despite the episode being mostly well received by critics, "Stanley's Cup" is a relatively unpopular episode amongst fans of the series. According to Parker and Stone, "a lot of people didn't get that one. We thought the ending was really sweet and weird, but nobody really got it." Stone said the episode "is like three-quarters of a show, but the ending is fucking sweet."

Dan Iverson of *IGN* gave the episode a positive review, with a score of 9.1 out of 10, writing: "With the hilarious satire, and the parody of a well known movie genre we couldn't help but love this episode. Even though it featured sports as the theme, it wasn't any funnier for those who played hockey as a kid, but could be enjoyed by anybody that has seen this type of film. The only problem that we had with the episode was the disregard for Steve Irwin's death. *South Park* has never had any problems making fun of taboo topics, but it just felt like it is too soon to make these comments."

## InfoBox

| "**Stanley's Cup**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *South Park* episode | |
| Episode no. | Season 10
Episode 14 |
| Directed by | Trey Parker |
| Written by | Trey Parker |
| Featured music | "We Are the Champions" by Queen
"Song 2" by Blur |
| Production code | 1014 |
| Original air date | November 15, 2006 (2006-11-15) |
| Guest appearance | |
| Dante Alexander as Nelson Brown | |
|
|


title: St Radegund's Priory, Cambridge

abstract: St Radegund's Priory, Cambridge was a Benedictine nunnery in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England. It was founded before 1144 and dissolved in 1496 by the initiative of John Alcock, Bishop of Ely.

text:
# St Radegund's Priory, Cambridge

**St Radegund's Priory, Cambridge** was a Benedictine nunnery in Cambridge, Cambridgeshire, England. It was founded before 1144 (probably in the late 1130s) and dissolved in 1496 by the initiative of John Alcock, Bishop of Ely.

## History

Radegund was a 6th-century Frankish princess, who founded the monastery of the Holy Cross at Poitiers. Between 1159 and 1161, Malcolm IV of Scotland, as Earl of Huntingdon, gave to the nuns 10 acres adjoining Grenecroft (Midsummer Common) on which to place their church; the dedication to St Mary and St Radegund was probably connected with Malcolm's visit to Poitiers, "the special centre of the cult of St Radegund", in 1159.

Jesus College was founded in 1496 on the site by Bishop John Alcock of Ely. It has been traditionally believed that the nunnery was turned into a college because the nunnery had gained a reputation for licentiousness. Contemporary churchman John Bale dubbed it "*Spiritualium meretricum cœnobium*" (lit. "a community of spiritual harlots"), while both King Henry VII and Pope Julius II consented to its dissolution.

The College's full name is "The College of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Saint John the Evangelist and the glorious Virgin Saint Radegund, near Cambridge".

When founded in 1496, the College took over the buildings of the nunnery: namely the Chapel, and the Cloister attached to it; the nuns’ refectory, which became the College Hall; and the former lodging of the prioress, which became the Master’s Lodge. These conventual buildings remain the core of the College, and account for a distinctly monastic character which sets it apart from other Cambridge colleges. A library was soon added, and the Chapel was considerably modified and reduced in scale by Alcock. Founded in the mid-12th century, the Chapel is the oldest university building in Cambridge still in use.

52°12′32.7″N 0°7′24.7″E / 52.209083°N 0.123528°E / 52.209083; 0.123528


title: Stanza Stones Trail

abstract: The Stanza Stones Trail is a 47-mile (76 km) walking route from Marsden to Ilkley, along the Pennine watershed in northern England, linking six poems by Simon Armitage which have been carved into stone. It is mostly in West Yorkshire with some parts in Greater Manchester.

text:
# Stanza Stones Trail

The **Stanza Stones Trail** is a 47-mile (76 km) walking route from Marsden to Ilkley, along the Pennine watershed in northern England, linking six poems by Simon Armitage which have been carved into stone. It is mostly in West Yorkshire with some parts in Greater Manchester.

## Origins and poems

Simon Armitage was commissioned by the Ilkley Literature Festival in 2010 to write a set of site-specific poems, and the trail was created in 2012. Armitage wrote six poems on the theme of water in various forms: *Beck*, *Dew*, *Mist*, *Puddle*, *Rain* and *Snow*. These were carved by stone artist Pip Hall onto stones in the area of the Pennine watershed, and placed in locations selected with the help of landscape architect Tom Lonsdale. They are linked by a walking route from Armitage's home town of Marsden to the site of the festival in Ilkley. Armitage has written that "those looking hard enough might stumble across a seventh Stanza Stone, a secret stone left in an unnamed location within the Watershed area, waiting to be discovered and read."

A book called ***Stanza Stones***, containing the poems and the accounts of Lonsdale and Hall, has been produced as a record of the journey and published by Enitharmon Press. The poems, complemented with commissioned wood engravings by Hilary Paynter, were also published in limited editions under the title *In Memory of Water* by Fine Press Poetry.

A group of young writers worked with Armitage to create an anthology of poems linked to the Stanza Stones. The project was criticised by a group of rock climbers who likened it to graffiti in unspoiled places.

## Walk

The walk is of 47 miles (76 km) (or 45 miles (72 km) according to the Long Distance Walkers Association). The total ascent is 1,786 metres (5,860 ft) and the highest point is 467 metres (1,532 ft). Some of the way is over rugged open moorland.

A guide was produced by the Ilkley Literature Festival in 2012, describing the whole walk and a series of family-friendly short walks to each of the stones.

An alternative **Stanza Stones Walk**, a 50-mile walking route linking the stones, has been published by Mike Melvin, who says that, while the original route is "a fine outing and one that will satisfy the desires of most people wishing to visit the Stanza Stones", his purpose was "to devise an upland walk linking the stones which did not stick to recognised footpaths or to existing well-known walking trails".

## Stones

The six stones are located as follows, from south to north:

## Bibliography

## InfoBox

| Stanza Stones Trail | |
| --- | --- |
| Length | 45 mi (72 km) |
| Location | West Yorkshire and Greater Manchester, England |
| Trailheads | Marsden, Ilkley |
| Use | Hiking |
| Highest point | 467 metres (1,532 ft) |
| Difficulty | Easy: some short hills and can be muddy in places |
| Season | All year |
| Sights | Six stones engraved with specially-written poems by Simon Armitage |
| Hazards | Some rugged open moorland |


title: Stanley Park Stadium

abstract: Stanley Park was a proposed football stadium in Stanley Park, Liverpool. If built, it would have become home to the Liverpool Football Club. It would have replaced their current stadium at Anfield. The stadium had a planned capacity of 60,000 all-seated. It was also potentially expandable to 73,000 or more. There were two designs that were given planning permission. One was designed by architects AFL with a capacity of 60,000, the second was a more expensive futuristic design by Dallas-based architects HKS, which would originally seat 60,000 with a capacity for further expansion to 73,000. As of January 2012, only small site preparation work had been completed. A change in owners resulted in the plans for Stanley Park Stadium being reexamined. In October 2012, new owners Fenway Sports Group announced their decision to redevelop and expand the current club stadium Anfield rather than proceed with the planned new stadium.

text:
# Stanley Park Stadium

**Stanley Park** was a proposed football stadium in Stanley Park, Liverpool. If built, it would have become home to the Liverpool Football Club. It would have replaced their current stadium at Anfield. The stadium had a planned capacity of 60,000 all-seated. It was also potentially expandable to 73,000 or more.

There were two designs that were given planning permission. One was designed by architects AFL with a capacity of 60,000, the second was a more expensive futuristic design by Dallas-based architects HKS, which would originally seat 60,000 with a capacity for further expansion to 73,000.

As of January 2012, only small site preparation work had been completed. A change in owners resulted in the plans for Stanley Park Stadium being reexamined. In October 2012, new owners Fenway Sports Group announced their decision to redevelop and expand the current club stadium Anfield (in a similar way that they redeveloped Fenway Park for the Boston Red Sox) rather than proceed with the planned new stadium.

## Stadium

The stadium was initially scheduled to open in 2006 with a capacity of approximately 55,000 seats. This was designed by Manchester-based architects AFL. A subsequent redesign of this stadium brought the capacity to 60,000, and planning permission was granted for this in 2003. Construction on this never progressed past the ground works due to a lack of funds.

Under the ownership of Tom Hicks and George Gillette, Dallas-based architects HKS were asked to present a plan for a 60,000 seater stadium that could be easily expandable to over 73,000 in the future. They came up with a futuristic design with an 18,500 seater single tier kop. The design was estimated to cost £400m, and the club was granted planning permission for this stadium. Work never started on this as the owners Hicks and Gillette couldn't raise the funds.

In January 2008, AFL presented Liverpool FC with another redesign of their 60,000 capacity stadium. This was dubbed "New Generation Anfield" and would seat 73,000 with 18,500 in a single tiered kop, similar to the HKS capacity. The stadium would also include two Wembley-style arches. It would cost £290m to build. Planning permission has not been sought for this project however.

In January 2012, the Telegraph reported that the new club owners Fenway Sports Group had decided to ditch the HKS design on the basis of cost and practicality and focus on working with AFL's "First Generation Anfield" plans. They would modernise the now decade-old design, and include a single tiered kop. It was thought that at least £150m in sponsorship money would have had to have been raised before construction could begin. The current owners announced the expansion of Liverpool's current stadium. Work began on the project in 2015.

## History

Liverpool F.C. were approached by Liverpool City Council to become a tenant on the flagship King's Dock project. The club however rejected the offer because the site would only be suitable for a 50,000 capacity stadium. At the same time, Merseyside rivals Everton F.C. informally inquired about building on North West section of Stanley Park, Liverpool but were deterred when told that a Victorian covenant was in place. Liverpool's then CEO, Rick Parry threatened to move Liverpool into a neighbouring borough on Merseyside because the only other site he considered viable was to become a residential estate in Garston. The City Council then offered Everton F.C. the opportunity to become tenants of King's Dock. Everton agreed to this as they would only need to raise £30million for a 55,000 capacity stadium and the rest would be paid for with public money by the council.

Sensing an opportunity, former chief executive Rick Parry told Liverpool City Council that Liverpool F.C. wanted to build on the South East area of Stanley Park and that they were considering leaving the city boundaries and taking millions of pounds of income that would usually be paid to the council with them. The City Council reluctantly agreed to Parry's demands and Parry told the press that the solution was "under our noses all along". At the time, Everton chairman, Bill Kenwright chose not to contest the reasoning because they were being given financial support from the public sector. Plans to build on Stanley Park were resisted by local residents and Friends of Stanley Park who did not want to lose parkland for a football stadium.

The stadium designed by AFL was given planning permission in February 2003. Construction was expected to be finished in 2006.

### Hicks & Gillett Era

In February 2007 the club was bought by American owners Tom Hicks and George Gillett Jr. The new owners stated that a new stadium was a priority and that work would begin soon. However the pair failed to secure funding for the stadium, and the AFL plans were replaced by newer and more expensive HKS ones. The HKS stadium was given final planning permission on 19 June 2008 and minor site preparation began on 24 June 2008.

On 15 May, Carlsberg stated their interest in a sponsorship deal of the stadium name, proposing **Carlsberg Anfield**. No official deal was signed however, and thus no major financial backing was secured.

Former Liverpool Chief Executive Rick Parry announced on 5 October 2008 that although the stadium would still be built, work would be delayed until economic conditions improve.

### Fenway Sports Group Era

By mid-2010 the club were in serious financial trouble with huge debts. This prompted the takeover of the club by a consortium led by John W Henry in October 2010. The group known as New England Sports Ventures (now Fenway Sports Group) announced that the club wanted to expand stadium capacity, and that they would reexamine all options, including redeveloping Anfield. FSG permanently ditched the more expensive HKS stadium designs in favour of a revised AFL design that would conform with the original planning permission.

In October 2012, BBC Sport reported that the owners of Liverpool FC had decided to redevelop their current home at Anfield stadium, rather than building a new stadium in Stanley Park. As part of the redevelopment the capacity of Anfield was to increase from 45,276 to approximately 60,000 and would cost in the region of £150m.

## Groundshare with Everton FC

It was reported that, should funding prove sufficiently difficult to acquire, there was a possibility that the stadium would be co-financed by Everton FC, who were also looking into the possibility of a new stadium in Kirkby, although this had been strenuously denied by Liverpool's former co-owner Tom Hicks. Due to the government's rejection of Everton FC's stadium project and financial problems at Everton FC, there had been speculation in the media as to a joint stadium project. Such a project received support from the leader of Liverpool city council and the chief of Liverpool's bid to host matches as part of the failed English 2018 World Cup bid. Despite media rumours, Liverpool FC always maintained that a ground sharing situation was never on the agenda. This idea was quashed once Liverpool F.C. completed their new Main Stand, removing the need for a potential new stadium.

## Access

### Anfield Railway Station

In February 2008, it was revealed that Liverpool FC were looking to build a new rail station. Three locations have been looked at; Utting Avenue, Stanley Park Avenue and Pinehurst Avenue.

53°26′02″N 2°57′35″W / 53.4339807°N 2.9596138°W / 53.4339807; -2.9596138

## InfoBox

Stanley Park Stadium
| Artist's impression of HKS' Stanley Park Stadium | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Full name | Stanley Park Stadium |
| Location | Stanley Park, Liverpool, Merseyside, England |
| Owner | Fenway Sports Group |
| Operator | Liverpool F.C. |
| Capacity | 60,000 expandable to 73,000 (all-seater) |
| Surface | Desso GrassMaster |
| Construction | |
| Built | Cancelled |
| Opened | 2006 (planned) |
| Construction cost | 400 million |
| Architect | HKS, Inc. |
| Project manager | KUD International with Davis Langdon, An AECOM Company |
| Structural engineer | Ramboll Whitbybird |
| General contractor | Laing O'Rourke |


title: Stapleton, Selby

abstract: Stapleton is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. In 2001 the parish had a population of 59. The population taken at the 2011 Census was less than 100. Details are included in the civil parish of Womersley. It is situated approximately 3 miles (5 km) south-east from the towns of Pontefract and Knottingley. From 1974 to 2023 it was in Selby district. Stapleton Park was the subject of a well-known painting of the Victorian era by John Atkinson Grimshaw. Stapleton is home to the Stapleton Colony of the Brotherhood Church.

text:
# Stapleton, Selby

**Stapleton** is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. In 2001 the parish had a population of 59. The population taken at the 2011 Census was less than 100. Details are included in the civil parish of Womersley. It is situated approximately 3 miles (5 km) south-east from the towns of Pontefract and Knottingley. From 1974 to 2023 it was in Selby district.

Stapleton Park was the subject of a well-known painting of the Victorian era by John Atkinson Grimshaw.

Stapleton is home to the Stapleton Colony of the Brotherhood Church.

## InfoBox

| Stapleton | |
| --- | --- |
| View by Grimshaw 1877 in what is still a rural area | |
| StapletonLocation within North Yorkshire | |
| Population | 59 (2001 census) |
| OS grid reference | SE513196 |
| London | 155 mi (249 km) SSE |
| Civil parish | * Stapleton |
| Unitary authority |  |
| Ceremonial county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | PONTEFRACT |
| Postcode district | WF8 |
| Dialling code | 01977 |
|  | |
| Police | North Yorkshire |
| Fire | North Yorkshire |
| Ambulance | Yorkshire |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: Stapleton, Northern Territory

abstract: Stapleton is a rural locality in the Coomalie Shire of the Northern Territory, Australia. It is located approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Adelaide River and is situated on Stapleton Creek.

text:
# Stapleton, Northern Territory

**Stapleton** is a rural locality in the Coomalie Shire of the Northern Territory, Australia. It is located approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Adelaide River and is situated on Stapleton Creek.

## Nomenclature

Stapleton Creek was named by surveyor Gilbert Rotherdale McMinn in 1870 to honour James L. Stapleton, a field operator working on the Overland Telegraph who would later be killed in an incident that led to the 1874 Barrow Creek Massacre. The locality takes its name from the creek.

## History

The Awarai Aboriginal people are the traditional owners and original inhabitants of the Stapleton area. The first European exploration of the area occurred with the survey party of 1869 led by George Goyder. In 1873, Mr W Barlow, director of the Virginia Prospecting Company discovered a quartz reef and established a mining claim in the area. A hotel known as the "Our House Hotel" was opened by Edward D Matthews next to Stapleton Creek in 1874. The end of the same year, applications had been received for a growing number of mining leases in the area, lodged by both the Virginia company and a number of private prospectors.

A siding and station was constructed and opened with the North Australia Railway to Pine Creek in 1889 to support the mining industry and growing population. Prior to the line, the settlement had been served by the Haimes Royal Mail coach between Southport on its way to the goldfields near Pine Creek.

A cemetery was in use between 1874 and 1902 and is today commemorated by a plaque erected by the NT government with the names of those interred according to the records of the NT genealogical society.

In 1895 the Stapleton Siding massacre took place here where approximately 80 Kungarakany and Warray peoples were killed with poisoned damper which likely contained weed-killer; one of the survivors of that massacre was Alngindabu.

By the 1920s, mining activity had declined and agriculture was becoming the dominant industry in the area. To support the operation of Vestey's Meatworks in Darwin the railway station was expanded with additional sidings as well as stock yards and cattle loading facilities between 1914 and 1917, a sign of the changing local economy and stronger emphasis on pastoralism. Small scale cotton crops were grown with some success during this period.

During World War II, the railway sidings were further expanded and the station became an unloading point for meat and fresh food supplies for troops camped in the area.

In 1966, a site where Stapleton Creek crosses the Stuart Highway, 6 km (3.7 mi) east of the settlement (by this stage little more than a railway siding) was considered for the construction of a flood mitigation and irrigation dam. Despite a geological survey and investigation being conducted by the Commonwealth Government, the dam was not constructed.

## Present Day

Little trace remains of the former hotel and railway station today. The area is mostly a rural locality with a number of agricultural properties and a few dwellings close to the creek. A plaque marks the site of the one time cemetery. The unsealed roads through the area are used by locals as an alternative route between Batchelor and Adelaide River.

## InfoBox

| Stapleton
Northern Territory | |
| --- | --- |
| Stapleton | |
| Coordinates | 13°10′49″S 131°02′35.5″E / 13.18028°S 131.043194°E / -13.18028; 131.043194 |
| Population | 68 (2016 census) |
| Established | 1873 (settlement)
29 October 1997 (locality) |
| Postcode(s) | 0822 |
| Location |  |
| LGA(s) | Coomalie Shire |
| Territory electorate(s) | Daly |
| Federal division(s) | Lingiari |
| **Suburbs around Stapleton:**  Camp Creek Eva Valley
Batchelor Adelaide River  Camp Creek Stapleton Adelaide River  Camp Creek Litchfield Park Adelaide River | |
| Footnotes | Adjoining suburbs |


title: Stare Kuće

abstract: Stare Kuće is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

text:
# Stare Kuće

**Stare Kuće** (*Eng: Old Houses*) is a village in the municipality of Jajce, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

## Demographics

According to the 2013 census, its population was nil, down from 45 in 1991.

## InfoBox

| Stare Kuće | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
|  | |
| Stare Kuće | |
| Coordinates: 44°17′10″N 17°21′04″E / 44.286°N 17.351°E / 44.286; 17.351 | |
| Country | Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Entity | Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina |
| Canton | Central Bosnia |
| Municipality | Jajce |
| Area | |
| Total | 1.05 sq mi (2.73 km2) |
| Population (2013) | |
| Total | 0 |
| Density | 0.0/sq mi (0.0/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |