title: List of peers 1670–1679

text:
# List of peers 1670–1679

This page lists all peers who held extant titles between 1670 and 1679.

## Peerage of England

| Title | Holder | Date gained | Date lost | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Duke of Cornwall (1337) | none | 1649 | 1688 |  |
| Duke of Norfolk (1483) | Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk | 1660 | 1677 | Died |
| | Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk | 1677 | 1684 |  |
| Duke of Somerset (1547) | William Seymour, 3rd Duke of Somerset | 1660 | 1671 | Died |
| | John Seymour, 4th Duke of Somerset | 1671 | 1675 | Died; Marquessate of Hertford extinct |
| | Francis Seymour, 5th Duke of Somerset | 1675 | 1678 | Died |
| | Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset | 1678 | 1748 |  |
| Duke of Buckingham (1623) | George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham | 1628 | 1687 |  |
| Duke of Richmond (1641) | Charles Stewart, 3rd Duke of Richmond | 1660 | 1672 | Died, title extinct |
| Duke of Cumberland (1644) | Prince Rupert of the Rhine | 1644 | 1682 |  |
| Duke of York (1644) | James Stuart | 1644 | 1685 |  |
| Duke of Albemarle (1660) | George Monck, 1st Duke of Albemarle | 1660 | 1670 | Died |
| | Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle | 1670 | 1688 |  |
| Duke of Monmouth (1663) | James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth | 1663 | 1685 |  |
| Duke of Newcastle upon Tyne (1665) | William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne | 1665 | 1676 | Died |
| | Henry Cavendish, 2nd Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne | 1676 | 1691 |  |
| Duke of Cambridge (1667) | Edgar Stuart, Duke of Cambridge | 1667 | 1671 | Died, title extinct |
| Duke of Cleveland (1670) | Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland | 1670 | 1709 | New creation |
| Duke of Portsmouth (1673) | Louise de Kérouaille, Duchess of Portsmouth | 1673 | 1734 | New creation, for life |
| Duke of Richmond (1675) | Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Richmond | 1675 | 1723 | New creation |
| Duke of Southampton (1675) | Charles Fitzroy, 1st Duke of Southampton | 1675 | 1730 | New creation |
| Duke of Grafton (1675) | Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton | 1675 | 1690 | New creation; Earl of Euston in 1672 |
| Marquess of Winchester (1551) | John Paulet, 5th Marquess of Winchester | 1628 | 1675 | Died |
| | Charles Paulet, 6th Marquess of Winchester | 1675 | 1699 |  |
| Marquess of Worcester (1642) | Henry Somerset, 3rd Marquess of Worcester | 1667 | 1700 |  |
| Marquess of Dorchester (1645) | Henry Pierrepont, 1st Marquess of Dorchester | 1645 | 1680 |  |
| Earl of Oxford (1142) | Aubrey de Vere, 20th Earl of Oxford | 1632 | 1703 |  |
| Earl of Shrewsbury (1442) | Charles Talbot, 12th Earl of Shrewsbury | 1668 | 1718 |  |
| Earl of Kent (1465) | Anthony Grey, 11th Earl of Kent | 1651 | 1702 |  |
| Earl of Derby (1485) | Charles Stanley, 8th Earl of Derby | 1651 | 1672 | Died |
| | William Stanley, 9th Earl of Derby | 1672 | 1702 |  |
| Earl of Rutland (1525) | John Manners, 8th Earl of Rutland | 1641 | 1679 | Died |
| | John Manners, 9th Earl of Rutlan | 1679 | 1711 | Created Baron Manners of Haddon in 1679 |
| Earl of Huntingdon (1529) | Theophilus Hastings, 7th Earl of Huntingdon | 1656 | 1701 |  |
| Earl of Bedford (1550) | William Russell, 5th Earl of Bedford | 1641 | 1700 |  |
| Earl of Pembroke (1551) | William Herbert, 6th Earl of Pembroke | 1669 | 1674 | Died |
| | Philip Herbert, 7th Earl of Pembroke | 1674 | 1683 |  |
| Earl of Devon (1553) | William Courtenay, de jure 5th Earl of Devon | 1638 | 1702 |  |
| Earl of Northumberland (1557) | Josceline Percy, 11th Earl of Northumberland | 1668 | 1670 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Lincoln (1572) | Edward Clinton, 5th Earl of Lincoln | 1667 | 1692 |  |
| Earl of Nottingham (1596) | Charles Howard, 3rd Earl of Nottingham | 1642 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Suffolk (1603) | James Howard, 3rd Earl of Suffolk | 1640 | 1689 |  |
| Earl of Dorset (1604) | Richard Sackville, 5th Earl of Dorset | 1657 | 1677 | Died |
| | Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of Dorset | 1677 | 1706 |  |
| Earl of Exeter (1605) | David Cecil, 3rd Earl of Exeter | 1643 | 1678 | Died |
| | John Cecil, 5th Earl of Exeter | 1678 | 1700 |  |
| Earl of Salisbury (1605) | James Cecil, 3rd Earl of Salisbury | 1668 | 1683 |  |
| Earl of Bridgewater (1617) | John Egerton, 2nd Earl of Bridgewater | 1649 | 1686 |  |
| Earl of Northampton (1618) | James Compton, 3rd Earl of Northampton | 1643 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Leicester (1618) | Robert Sidney, 2nd Earl of Leicester | 1626 | 1677 | Died |
| | Philip Sidney, 3rd Earl of Leicester | 1677 | 1698 |  |
| Earl of Warwick (1618) | Charles Rich, 4th Earl of Warwick | 1659 | 1673 | Died |
| | Robert Rich, 5th Earl of Warwick | 1673 | 1675 | Died |
| | Edward Rich, 6th Earl of Warwick | 1675 | 1701 |  |
| Earl of Devonshire (1618) | William Cavendish, 3rd Earl of Devonshire | 1628 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of Denbigh (1622) | Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh | 1643 | 1675 | Died |
| | William Feilding, 3rd Earl of Denbigh | 1675 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Bristol (1622) | George Digby, 2nd Earl of Bristol | 1653 | 1677 | Died |
| | John Digby, 3rd Earl of Bristol | 1677 | 1698 |  |
| Earl of Middlesex (1622) | Lionel Cranfield, 3rd Earl of Middlesex | 1651 | 1674 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Holland (1624) | Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Holland | 1649 | 1675 | Succeeded to the more senior Earldom of Warwick, see above |
| Earl of Clare (1624) | Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare | 1666 | 1689 |  |
| Earl of Bolingbroke (1624) | Oliver St John, 2nd Earl of Bolingbroke | 1646 | 1688 |  |
| Earl of Westmorland (1624) | Charles Fane, 3rd Earl of Westmorland | 1666 | 1691 |  |
| Earl of Manchester (1626) | Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Manchester | 1642 | 1671 | Died |
| | Robert Montagu, 3rd Earl of Manchester | 1671 | 1683 |  |
| Earl of Marlborough (1626) | William Ley, 4th Earl of Marlborough | 1665 | 1679 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Mulgrave (1626) | John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave | 1658 | 1721 |  |
| Earl of Berkshire (1626) | Charles Howard, 2nd Earl of Berkshire | 1669 | 1679 | Died |
| | Thomas Howard, 3rd Earl of Berkshire | 1679 | 1706 |  |
| Earl Rivers (1626) | Thomas Savage, 3rd Earl Rivers | 1654 | 1694 |  |
| Earl of Lindsey (1626) | Robert Bertie, 3rd Earl of Lindsey | 1666 | 1701 |  |
| Earl of Dover (1628) | John Carey, 2nd Earl of Dover | 1666 | 1677 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Peterborough (1628) | Henry Mordaunt, 2nd Earl of Peterborough | 1643 | 1697 |  |
| Earl of Stamford (1628) | Henry Grey, 1st Earl of Stamford | 1628 | 1673 | Died |
| | Thomas Grey, 2nd Earl of Stamford | 1673 | 1720 |  |
| Earl of Winchilsea (1628) | Heneage Finch, 3rd Earl of Winchilsea | 1639 | 1689 |  |
| Earl of Carnarvon (1628) | Charles Dormer, 2nd Earl of Carnarvon | 1643 | 1709 |  |
| Earl of Newport (1628) | Mountjoy Blount, 2nd Earl of Newport | 1666 | 1675 | Died |
| | Thomas Blount, 3rd Earl of Newport | 1675 | 1675 | Died |
| | Henry Blount, 4th Earl of Newport | 1675 | 1679 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Chesterfield (1628) | Philip Stanhope, 2nd Earl of Chesterfield | 1656 | 1714 |  |
| Earl of Thanet (1628) | Nicholas Tufton, 3rd Earl of Thanet | 1664 | 1679 | Died |
| | John Tufton, 4th Earl of Thanet | 1679 | 1680 |  |
| Earl of Portland (1633) | Thomas Weston, 4th Earl of Portland | 1665 | 1668 |  |
| Earl of Strafford (1640) | William Wentworth, 2nd Earl of Strafford | 1662 | 1695 |  |
| Earl of Sunderland (1643) | Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland | 1643 | 1702 |  |
| Earl of Sussex (1644) | James Savile, 2nd Earl of Sussex | 1659 | 1671 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Norwich (1644) | Charles Goring, 2nd Earl of Norwich | 1663 | 1671 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Scarsdale (1645) | Nicholas Leke, 2nd Earl of Scarsdale | 1655 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Rochester (1652) | John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester | 1658 | 1680 |  |
| Earl of St Albans (1660) | Henry Jermyn, 1st Earl of St Albans | 1660 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of Sandwich (1660) | Edward Montagu, 1st Earl of Sandwich | 1660 | 1672 | Died |
| | Edward Montagu, 2nd Earl of Sandwich | 1672 | 1688 |  |
| Earl of Brecknock (1660) | James Butler, 1st Earl of Brecknock | 1660 | 1688 | Duke of Ormonde in the Peerage of Ireland |
| Earl of Anglesey (1661) | Arthur Annesley, 1st Earl of Anglesey | 1661 | 1686 |  |
| Earl of Bath (1661) | John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath | 1661 | 1701 |  |
| Earl of Cardigan (1661) | Robert Brudenell, 2nd Earl of Cardigan | 1663 | 1703 |  |
| Earl of Clarendon (1661) | Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon | 1661 | 1674 | Died |
| | Henry Hyde, 2nd Earl of Clarendon | 1674 | 1709 |  |
| Earl of Essex (1661) | Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex | 1661 | 1683 |  |
| Earl of Carlisle (1661) | Charles Howard, 1st Earl of Carlisle | 1661 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Craven (1664) | William Craven, 1st Earl of Craven | 1664 | 1697 |  |
| Earl of Ailesbury (1664) | Robert Bruce, 1st Earl of Ailesbury | 1664 | 1685 | Earl of Elgin in the Peerage of Scotland |
| Earl of Burlington (1664) | Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington | 1664 | 1698 | Earl of Cork in the Peerage of Ireland |
| Earl of Arlington (1672) | Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington | 1672 | 1685 | New creation |
| Earl of Shaftesbury (1672) | Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury | 1672 | 1683 | New creation |
| Earl of Norwich (1672) | Henry Howard, 1st Earl of Norwich | 1672 | 1684 | New creation; succeeded as Duke of Norfolk, see above |
| Earl of Powis (1674) | William Herbert, 1st Earl of Powis | 1674 | 1696 | New creation |
| Earl of Lichfield (1674) | Edward Lee, 1st Earl of Lichfield | 1674 | 1716 | New creation |
| Earl of Guilford (1674) | John Maitland, 1st Earl of Guildford | 1674 | 1682 | New creation; Duke of Lauderdale in the Peerage of Scotland |
| Earl of Danby (1674) | Thomas Osborne, 1st Earl of Danby | 1674 | 1712 | New creation; Viscount Latimer in 1671 |
| Earl of Northumberland (1674) | George FitzRoy, 1st Earl of Northumberland | 1674 | 1716 | New creation |
| Earl of Sussex (1674) | Thomas Lennard, 1st Earl of Sussex | 1674 | 1715 | New creation |
| Earl of Middlesex (1674) | Charles Sackville, 1st Earl of Middlesex | 1674 | 1706 | New creation; succeeded to Earl of Dorset, see above |
| Earl of Plymouth (1675) | Charles FitzCharles, 1st Earl of Plymouth | 1675 | 1680 | New creation |
| Earl of Feversham (1676) | George Sondes, 1st Earl of Feversham | 1676 | 1677 | New creation; died |
| | Louis de Duras, 2nd Earl of Feversham | 1677 | 1709 | Also Baron Duras since 1673 |
| Earl of Burford (1676) | Charles Beauclerk, 1st Earl of Burford | 1676 | 1726 | New creation |
| Earl of Conway (1679) | Edward Conway, 1st Earl of Conway | 1679 | 1683 | New creation |
| Earl of Halifax (1679) | George Savile, 1st Earl of Halifax | 1679 | 1695 | New creation |
| Earl of Radnor (1679) | John Robartes, 1st Earl of Radnor | 1679 | 1685 | New creation |
| Earl of Macclesfield (1679) | Charles Gerard, 1st Earl of Macclesfield | 1679 | 1694 | New creation |
| Earl of Yarmouth (1679) | Robert Paston, 1st Earl of Yarmouth | 1679 | 1683 | New creation; Viscount Yarmouth in 1673 |
| Earl of Berkeley (1679) | George Berkeley, 1st Earl of Berkeley | 1679 | 1698 | New creation |
| Viscount Hereford (1550) | Leicester Devereux, 6th Viscount Hereford | 1658 | 1676 | Died |
| | Leicester Devereux, 7th Viscount Hereford | 1676 | 1683 |  |
| Viscount Montagu (1554) | Francis Browne, 3rd Viscount Montagu | 1629 | 1682 |  |
| Viscount Saye and Sele (1624) | James Fiennes, 2nd Viscount Saye and Sele | 1662 | 1674 | Died |
| | William Fiennes, 3rd Viscount Saye and Sele | 1674 | 1698 |  |
| Viscount Conway (1627) | Edward Conway, 3rd Viscount Conway | 1655 | 1683 | Created Earl of Conway, see above |
| Viscount Campden (1628) | Baptist Noel, 3rd Viscount Campden | 1643 | 1682 |  |
| Viscount Stafford (1640) | William Howard, 1st Viscount Stafford | 1640 | 1680 |  |
| Viscount Fauconberg (1643) | Thomas Belasyse, 2nd Viscount Fauconberg | 1652 | 1700 |  |
| Viscount Mordaunt (1659) | John Mordaunt, 1st Viscount Mordaunt | 1659 | 1675 | Died |
| | Charles Mordaunt, 2nd Viscount Mordaunt | 1675 | 1735 |  |
| Viscount Halifax (1668) | George Savile, 1st Viscount Halifax | 1668 | 1695 | Created Earl of Halifax, see above |
| Viscount Bayning of Foxley (1674) | Anne Baber, Viscountess Bayning | 1674 | 1678 | New creation, for life only; died, title extinct |
| Viscount Bayning of Newport (1675) | Francis Newport, 1st Viscount Newport | 1675 | 1708 | New creation |
| Viscount Corbet of Linchlade (1679) | Sarah Corbet, Viscountess Corbet of Linchlade | 1679 | 1682 | New creation, for life only |
| Baron FitzWalter (1295) | Benjamin Mildmay, 17th Baron FitzWalter | 1667 | 1679 | Died |
| | Charles Mildmay, 18th Baron FitzWalter | 1679 | 1728 |  |
| Baron Ferrers of Chartley (1299) | Robert Shirley, 14th Baron Ferrers of Chartley | 1677 | 1717 | Abeyance terminated |
| Baron de Clifford (1299) | Anne Clifford, 14th Baroness de Clifford | 1605 | 1676 | Died, Barony succeeded by the Earl of Thanet, and held by his heirs until 1721, when it fell into abeyance |
| Baron Morley (1299) | Thomas Parker, 15th Baron Morley | 1655 | 1697 |  |
| Baron Dacre (1321) | Thomas Lennard, 15th Baron Dacre | 1662 | 1715 | Created Earl of Sussex in 1674, on his death Barony fell into abeyance |
| Baron Grey of Ruthyn (1325) | Susan Longueville, 13th Baroness Grey de Ruthyn | 1643 | 1676 | Died |
| | Charles Yelverton, 14th Baron Grey de Ruthyn | 1676 | 1679 | Died |
| | Henry Yelverton, 15th Baron Grey of Ruthyn | 1679 | 1704 |  |
| Baron Darcy de Knayth (1332) | Conyers Darcy, 8th Baron Darcy de Knayth | 1653 | 1689 |  |
| Baron Berkeley (1421) | George Berkeley, 9th Baron Berkeley | 1658 | 1698 | Created Earl of Berkeley, Barony held by his heirs until 1882 |
| Baron Dudley (1440) | Frances Ward, 6th Baroness Dudley | 1643 | 1697 |  |
| Baron Stourton (1448) | William Stourton, 11th Baron Stourton | 1633 | 1672 | Died |
| | William Stourton, 12th Baron Stourton | 1672 | 1685 |  |
| Baron Willoughby de Broke (1491) | William Verney, 10th Baron Willoughby de Broke | 1668 | 1683 |  |
| Baron Monteagle (1514) | Thomas Parker, 6th Baron Monteagle | 1655 | 1697 |  |
| Baron Sandys of the Vine (1529) | Henry Sandys, 7th Baron Sandys | 1668 | 1680 |  |
| Baron Windsor (1529) | Thomas Hickman-Windsor, 7th Baron Windsor | 1660 | 1687 |  |
| Baron Wentworth (1529) | Henrietta Wentworth, 6th Baroness Wentworth | 1667 | 1686 |  |
| Baron Eure (1544) | George Eure, 6th Baron Eure | 1652 | 1672 | Died |
| | Ralph Eure, 7th Baron Eure | 1672 | 1707 |  |
| Baron Wharton (1545) | Philip Wharton, 4th Baron Wharton | 1625 | 1695 |  |
| Baron Willoughby of Parham (1547) | William Willoughby, 6th Baron Willoughby of Parham | 1666 | 1673 | Died |
| | George Willoughby, 7th Baron Willoughby of Parham | 1673 | 1674 | Died |
| | John Willoughby, 8th Baron Willoughby of Parham | 1674 | 1678 | Died |
| | John Willoughby, 9th Baron Willoughby of Parham | 1678 | 1678 | Died |
| | Charles Willoughby, 10th Baron Willoughby of Parham | 1678 | 1679 | Died |
| | Henry Willoughby, de jure 11th Baron Willoughby of Parham | 1679 | 1685 |  |
| Baron Paget (1552) | William Paget, 5th Baron Paget | 1629 | 1678 | Died |
| | William Paget, 6th Baron Paget | 1678 | 1713 |  |
| Baron North (1554) | Dudley North, 4th Baron North | 1666 | 1677 | Died |
| | Charles North, 5th Baron North | 1677 | 1691 | Created Baron Grey of Rolleston in 1673 |
| Baron Chandos (1554) | William Brydges, 7th Baron Chandos | 1655 | 1676 | Died |
| | James Brydges, 8th Baron Chandos | 1676 | 1714 |  |
| Baron Hunsdon (1559) | Robert Carey, 6th Baron Hunsdon | 1677 | 1692 | Barony previously held by the Earls of Dover |
| Baron De La Warr (1570) | Charles West, 5th Baron De La Warr | 1628 | 1687 |  |
| Baron Norreys (1572) | James Bertie, 5th Baron Norreys | 1657 | 1699 |  |
| Baron Gerard (1603) | Digby Gerard, 5th Baron Gerard | 1667 | 1684 |  |
| Baron Petre (1603) | William Petre, 4th Baron Petre | 1638 | 1684 |  |
| Baron Arundell of Wardour (1605) | Henry Arundell, 3rd Baron Arundell of Wardour | 1643 | 1694 |  |
| Baron Stanhope of Harrington (1605) | Charles Stanhope, 2nd Baron Stanhope | 1621 | 1675 | Died, title extinct |
| Baron Clifton (1608) | Katherine O'Brien, 7th Baroness Clifton | 1672 | 1702 | Title previously held by the Dukes of Lennox |
| Baron Teynham (1616) | John Roper, 3rd Baron Teynham | 1628 | 1673 | Died |
| | Christopher Roper, 5th Baron Teynham | 1673 | 1689 |  |
| Baron Brooke (1621) | Robert Greville, 4th Baron Brooke | 1658 | 1677 | Died |
| | Fulke Greville, 5th Baron Brooke | 1677 | 1710 |  |
| Baron Montagu of Boughton (1621) | Edward Montagu, 2nd Baron Montagu of Boughton | 1644 | 1684 |  |
| Baron Grey of Warke (1624) | William Grey, 1st Baron Grey of Werke | 1624 | 1674 | Died |
| | Ralph Grey, 2nd Baron Grey of Werke | 1674 | 1675 | Died |
| | Ford Grey, 3rd Baron Grey of Werke | 1674 | 1701 |  |
| Baron Robartes (1625) | John Robartes, 2nd Baron Robartes | 1625 | 1685 | Created Earl of Radnor, see above |
| Baron Lovelace (1627) | John Lovelace, 2nd Baron Lovelace | 1634 | 1670 | Died |
| | John Lovelace, 3rd Baron Lovelace | 1670 | 1693 |  |
| Baron Poulett (1627) | John Poulett, 3rd Baron Poulett | 1665 | 1679 | Died |
| | John Poulett, 4th Baron Poulett | 1679 | 1743 |  |
| Baron Clifford (1628) | Elizabeth Boyle, Baroness Clifford | 1643 | 1691 |  |
| Baron Maynard (1628) | William Maynard, 2nd Baron Maynard | 1640 | 1699 |  |
| Baron Coventry (1628) | George Coventry, 3rd Baron Coventry | 1661 | 1680 |  |
| Baron Mohun of Okehampton (1628) | Charles Mohun, 3rd Baron Mohun of Okehampton | 1665 | 1677 | Died |
| | Charles Mohun, 4th Baron Mohun of Okehampton | 1677 | 1712 |  |
| Baron Powis (1629) | William Herbert, 3rd Baron Powis | 1667 | 1696 | Created Earl of Powis, see above |
| Baron Herbert of Chirbury (1629) | Edward Herbert, 3rd Baron Herbert of Chirbury | 1655 | 1678 | Died |
| | Henry Herbert, 4th Baron Herbert of Chirbury | 1678 | 1691 |  |
| Baron Seymour of Trowbridge (1641) | Francis Seymour, 3rd Baron Seymour of Trowbridge | 1665 | 1678 | Succeeded to the Dukedom of Somerset, see above |
| Baron Hatton (1642) | Christopher Hatton, 1st Baron Hatton | 1642 | 1670 | Died |
| | Christopher Hatton, 2nd Baron Hatton | 1670 | 1706 |  |
| Baron Newport (1642) | Francis Newport, 2nd Baron Newport | 1651 | 1708 | Created Viscount Newport in 1675, see above |
| Baron Leigh (1643) | Thomas Leigh, 1st Baron Leigh | 1643 | 1672 | Died |
| | Thomas Leigh, 2nd Baron Leigh | 1672 | 1710 |  |
| Baron Byron (1643) | Richard Byron, 2nd Baron Byron | 1652 | 1679 | Died |
| | William Byron, 3rd Baron Byron | 1679 | 1695 |  |
| Baron Widdrington (1643) | William Widdrington, 2nd Baron Widdrington | 1651 | 1675 | Died |
| | William Widdrington, 3rd Baron Widdrington | 1675 | 1695 |  |
| Baron Ward (1644) | Humble Ward, 1st Baron Ward | 1644 | 1670 | Died |
| | Edward Ward, 2nd Baron Ward | 1670 | 1701 |  |
| Baron Colepeper (1644) | Thomas Colepeper, 2nd Baron Colepeper | 1660 | 1689 |  |
| Baron Astley of Reading (1644) | Jacob Astley, 3rd Baron Astley of Reading | 1662 | 1688 |  |
| Baron Lucas of Shenfield (1645) | John Lucas, 1st Baron Lucas of Shenfield | 1645 | 1671 | Died |
| | Charles Lucas, 2nd Baron Lucas of Shenfield | 1671 | 1688 |  |
| Baron Belasyse (1645) | John Belasyse, 1st Baron Belasyse | 1645 | 1689 |  |
| Baron Rockingham (1645) | Edward Watson, 2nd Baron Rockingham | 1653 | 1689 |  |
| Baron Gerard of Brandon (1645) | Charles Gerard, 1st Baron Gerard of Brandon | 1645 | 1694 | Created Earl of Macclesfield, see above |
| Baron Lexinton (1645) | Robert Sutton, 2nd Baron Lexinton | 1668 | 1723 |  |
| Baron Wotton (1650) | Charles Kirkhoven, 1st Baron Wotton | 1650 | 1683 |  |
| Baron Langdale (1658) | Marmaduke Langdale, 2nd Baron Langdale | 1661 | 1703 |  |
| Baron Crofts (1658) | William Crofts, 1st Baron Crofts | 1658 | 1677 | Died, title extinct |
| Baron Berkeley of Stratton (1658) | John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton | 1658 | 1678 | Died |
| | Charles Berkeley, 2nd Baron Berkeley of Stratton | 1678 | 1681 |  |
| Baron Ashley (1661) | Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Baron Ashley | 1661 | 1683 | Created Earl of Shaftesbury, see above |
| Baron Cornwallis (1661) | Charles Cornwallis, 2nd Baron Cornwallis | 1662 | 1673 | Died |
| | Charles Cornwallis, 3rd Baron Cornwallis | 1673 | 1698 |  |
| Baron Crew (1661) | John Crew, 1st Baron Crew | 1661 | 1679 | Died |
| | Thomas Crew, 2nd Baron Crew | 1679 | 1697 |  |
| Baron Delamer (1661) | George Booth, 1st Baron Delamer | 1661 | 1684 |  |
| Baron Holles (1661) | Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles | 1661 | 1680 |  |
| Baron Townshend (1661) | Horatio Townshend, 1st Baron Townshend | 1661 | 1687 |  |
| Baron (A)bergavenny (1662) | George Nevill, 12th Baron Bergavenny | 1666 | 1695 |  |
| Baron Lucas of Crudwell (1663) | Mary Grey, 1st Baroness Lucas | 1663 | 1702 |  |
| Baron Arundell of Trerice (1664) | Richard Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Trerice | 1664 | 1687 |  |
| Baron Arlington (1664) | Henry Bennet, 1st Baron Arlington | 1664 | 1685 | Created Earl of Arlington, see above |
| Baron Frescheville (1665) | John Frescheville, 1st Baron Frescheville | 1665 | 1682 |  |
| Baron Howard of Castle Rising (1669) | Henry Howard, 1st Baron Howard of Castle Rising | 1669 | 1684 | Created Earl of Norwich in 1672; succeeded as Duke of Norfolk in 1677, see above |
| Baron Clifford of Chudleigh (1672) | Thomas Clifford, 1st Baron Clifford of Chudleigh | 1672 | 1673 | New creation; died |
| | Hugh Clifford, 2nd Baron Clifford of Chudleigh | 1673 | 1730 |  |
| Baron Finch (1674) | Heneage Finch, 1st Baron Finch | 1674 | 1682 | New creation |
| Baron Belasyse of Osgodby (1674) | Susan Belasyse, Baroness Belasyse | 1674 | 1713 | New creation |

## Peerage of Scotland

| Title | Holder | Date gained | Date lost | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Duke of Rothesay (1398) | none | 1649 | 1688 |  |
| Duke of Lennox (1581) | Charles Stewart, 6th Duke of Lennox | 1660 | 1672 | Died, title extinct |
| Duke of Hamilton (1643) | Anne Hamilton, 3rd Duchess of Hamilton | 1651 | 1698 |  |
| Duke of Albany (1660) | Prince James, Duke of Albany | 1660 | 1685 |  |
| Duke of Buccleuch (1663) | Anne Scott, 1st Duchess of Buccleuch | 1663 | 1732 |  |
| Duke of Lauderdale (1672) | John Maitland, 1st Duke of Lauderdale | 1672 | 1682 | New creation |
| Duke of Lennox (1675) | Charles Lennox, 1st Duke of Lennox | 1675 | 1723 | New creation |
| Marquess of Huntly (1599) | George Gordon, 4th Marquess of Huntly | 1653 | 1716 |  |
| Marquess of Douglas (1633) | James Douglas, 2nd Marquess of Douglas | 1660 | 1700 |  |
| Marquess of Montrose (1644) | James Graham, 3rd Marquess of Montrose | 1669 | 1684 |  |
| Marquess of Atholl (1676) | John Murray, 1st Marquess of Atholl | 1676 | 1703 |  |
| Earl of Argyll (1457) | Archibald Campbell, 9th Earl of Argyll | 1663 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Crawford (1398) | John Lindsay, 17th Earl of Crawford | 1652 | 1678 | Died |
| | William Lindsay, 18th Earl of Crawford | 1678 | 1698 |  |
| Earl of Erroll (1452) | Gilbert Hay, 11th Earl of Erroll | 1636 | 1674 | Died |
| | John Hay, 12th Earl of Erroll | 1674 | 1704 |  |
| Earl Marischal (1458) | William Keith, 7th Earl Marischal | 1635 | 1671 | Died |
| | George Keith, 8th Earl Marischal | 1671 | 1694 |  |
| Earl of Sutherland (1235) | John Gordon, 14th Earl of Sutherland | 1615 | 1679 | Died |
| | George Gordon, 15th Earl of Sutherland | 1679 | 1703 |  |
| Earl of Mar (1114) | Charles Erskine, Earl of Mar | 1668 | 1689 |  |
| Earl of Rothes (1458) | John Leslie, 7th Earl of Rothes | 1641 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Morton (1458) | William Douglas, 9th Earl of Morton | 1649 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Menteith (1427) | William Graham, 8th Earl of Menteith | 1661 | 1694 |  |
| Earl of Glencairn (1488) | Alexander Cunningham, 10th Earl of Glencairn | 1664 | 1670 | Died |
| | John Cunningham, 11th Earl of Glencairn | 1670 | 1703 |  |
| Earl of Eglinton (1507) | Alexander Montgomerie, 8th Earl of Eglinton | 1669 | 1701 |  |
| Earl of Cassilis (1509) | John Kennedy, 7th Earl of Cassilis | 1668 | 1701 |  |
| Earl of Caithness (1455) | George Sinclair, 6th Earl of Caithness | 1643 | 1672 |  |
| | In dispute | 1672 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Buchan (1469) | William Erskine, 8th Earl of Buchan | 1664 | 1695 |  |
| Earl of Moray (1562) | Alexander Stuart, 5th Earl of Moray | 1653 | 1701 |  |
| Earl of Linlithgow (1600) | George Livingston, 3rd Earl of Linlithgow | 1650 | 1690 |  |
| Earl of Winton (1600) | George Seton, 4th Earl of Winton | 1650 | 1704 |  |
| Earl of Home (1605) | Alexander Home, 4th Earl of Home | 1666 | 1674 | Died |
| | James Home, 5th Earl of Home | 1678 | 1687 |  |
| Earl of Perth (1605) | James Drummond, 3rd Earl of Perth | 1662 | 1675 | Died |
| | James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth | 1675 | 1716 |  |
| Earl of Dunfermline (1605) | Charles Seton, 2nd Earl of Dunfermline | 1622 | 1672 | Died |
| | Alexander Seton, 3rd Earl of Dunfermline | 1672 | 1677 | Died |
| | James Seton, 4th Earl of Dunfermline | 1677 | 1690 |  |
| Earl of Wigtown (1606) | William Fleming, 5th Earl of Wigtown | 1668 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Abercorn (1606) | James Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Abercorn | 1618 | 1670 | Died |
| | George Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Abercorn | 1670 | 1680 |  |
| Earl of Kinghorne (1606) | Patrick Lyon, 3rd Earl of Kinghorne | 1646 | 1695 | Title changed to "Strathmore and Kinghorne" in 1677 |
| Earl of Roxburghe (1616) | William Ker, 2nd Earl of Roxburghe | 1650 | 1675 | Died |
| | Robert Ker, 3rd Earl of Roxburghe | 1675 | 1682 |  |
| Earl of Kellie (1619) | Alexander Erskine, 3rd Earl of Kellie | 1643 | 1677 | Died |
| | Alexander Erskine, 4th Earl of Kellie | 1677 | 1710 |  |
| Earl of Haddington (1619) | Charles Hamilton, 5th Earl of Haddington | 1669 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Nithsdale (1620) | John Maxwell, 3rd Earl of Nithsdale | 1667 | 1677 | Died |
| | Robert Maxwell, 4th Earl of Nithsdale | 1677 | 1696 |  |
| Earl of Galloway (1623) | James Stewart, 2nd Earl of Galloway | 1649 | 1671 | Died |
| | Alexander Stewart, 3rd Earl of Galloway | 1671 | 1690 |  |
| Earl of Seaforth (1623) | Kenneth Mackenzie, 3rd Earl of Seaforth | 1651 | 1678 | Died |
| | Kenneth Mackenzie, 4th Earl of Seaforth | 1678 | 1701 |  |
| Earl of Lauderdale (1624) | John Maitland, 2nd Earl of Lauderdale | 1645 | 1682 | Created Duke of Lauderdale, see above |
| Earl of Tullibardine (1628) | James Murray, 2nd Earl of Tullibardine | 1644 | 1670 | Died |
| | John Murray, 3rd Earl of Tullibardine | 1670 | 1703 | Created Marquess of Atholl in 1676, see above |
| Earl of Atholl (1629) | John Murray, 2nd Earl of Atholl | 1642 | 1703 | Succeeded to the more senior Earldom of Tullibardine in 1670, see above |
| Earl of Lothian (1631) | William Kerr, 1st Earl of Lothian | 1631 | 1675 | Died |
| | Robert Kerr, 2nd Earl of Lothian | 1675 | 1703 |  |
| Earl of Airth (1633) | William Graham, 2nd Earl of Airth | 1661 | 1694 |  |
| Earl of Loudoun (1633) | James Campbell, 2nd Earl of Loudoun | 1662 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of Kinnoull (1633) | William Hay, 4th Earl of Kinnoull | 1650 | 1677 | Died |
| | George Hay, 5th Earl of Kinnoull | 1677 | 1687 |  |
| Earl of Dumfries (1633) | William Crichton, 2nd Earl of Dumfries | 1643 | 1691 |  |
| Earl of Queensberry (1633) | James Douglas, 2nd Earl of Queensberry | 1640 | 1671 | Died |
| | William Douglas, 3rd Earl of Queensberry | 1671 | 1695 |  |
| Earl of Stirling (1633) | Henry Alexander, 4th Earl of Stirling | 1644 | 1691 |  |
| Earl of Elgin (1633) | Robert Bruce, 2nd Earl of Elgin | 1663 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Southesk (1633) | Robert Carnegie, 3rd Earl of Southesk | 1669 | 1688 |  |
| Earl of Traquair (1633) | William Stewart, 3rd Earl of Traquair | 1666 | 1673 | Died |
| | Charles Stewart, 4th Earl of Traquair | 1673 | 1741 |  |
| Earl of Ancram (1633) | Charles Kerr, 2nd Earl of Ancram | 1654 | 1690 |  |
| Earl of Wemyss (1633) | David Wemyss, 2nd Earl of Wemyss | 1649 | 1679 | Died |
| | Margaret Wemyss, 3rd Countess of Wemyss | 1679 | 1705 |  |
| Earl of Dalhousie (1633) | William Ramsay, 1st Earl of Dalhousie | 1633 | 1672 | Died |
| | George Ramsay, 2nd Earl of Dalhousie | 1672 | 1674 | Died |
| | William Ramsay, 3rd Earl of Dalhousie | 1674 | 1682 |  |
| Earl of Findlater (1638) | James Ogilvy, 3rd Earl of Findlater | 1658 | 1711 |  |
| Earl of Airlie (1639) | James Ogilvy, 2nd Earl of Airlie | 1665 | 1703 |  |
| Earl of Carnwath (1639) | Gavin Dalzell, 2nd Earl of Carnwath | 1654 | 1674 | Died |
| | James Dalzell, 3rd Earl of Carnwath | 1674 | 1683 |  |
| Earl of Callendar (1641) | James Livingston, 1st Earl of Callendar | 1641 | 1674 | Died |
| | Alexander Livingston, 2nd Earl of Callendar | 1674 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Leven (1641) | Margaret Leslie, Countess of Leven | 1664 | 1674 | Died |
| | Catherine Leslie, Countess of Leven | 1674 | 1676 | Died |
| | David Leslie, 3rd Earl of Leven | 1676 | 1728 |  |
| Earl of Dysart (1643) | Elizabeth Tollemache, 2nd Countess of Dysart | 1654 | 1698 |  |
| Earl of Panmure (1646) | George Maule, 2nd Earl of Panmure | 1661 | 1671 | Died |
| | George Maule, 3rd Earl of Panmure | 1671 | 1686 |  |
| Earl of Selkirk (1646) | William Hamilton, 1st Earl of Selkirk | 1646 | 1694 |  |
| Earl of Tweeddale (1646) | John Hay, 2nd Earl of Tweeddale | 1653 | 1697 |  |
| Earl of Northesk (1647) | David Carnegie, 2nd Earl of Northesk | 1667 | 1679 | Died |
| | David Carnegie, 3rd Earl of Northesk | 1679 | 1688 |  |
| Earl of Kincardine (1647) | Alexander Bruce, 2nd Earl of Kincardine | 1662 | 1680 |  |
| Earl of Balcarres (1651) | Colin Lindsay, 3rd Earl of Balcarres | 1662 | 1722 |  |
| Earl of Tarras (1660) | Walter Scott, Earl of Tarras | 1660 | 1693 |  |
| Earl of Aboyne (1660) | Charles Gordon, 1st Earl of Aboyne | 1660 | 1681 |  |
| Earl of Middleton (1660) | John Middleton, 1st Earl of Middleton | 1660 | 1674 | Died |
| | Charles Middleton, 2nd Earl of Middleton | 1674 | 1695 |  |
| Earl of Newburgh (1660) | James Levingston, 1st Earl of Newburgh | 1660 | 1670 | Died |
| | Charles Livingston, 2nd Earl of Newburgh | 1670 | 1755 |  |
| Earl of Annandale and Hartfell (1661) | James Johnstone, 1st Earl of Annandale and Hartfell | 1661 | 1672 | Died |
| | William Johnstone, 2nd Earl of Annandale and Hartfell | 1672 | 1721 |  |
| Earl of Kilmarnock (1661) | William Boyd, 1st Earl of Kilmarnock | 1661 | 1692 |  |
| Earl of Forfar (1661) | Archibald Douglas, 1st Earl of Forfar | 1661 | 1712 |  |
| Earl of Dundonald (1669) | William Cochrane, 1st Earl of Dundonald | 1669 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Dumbarton (1675) | George Douglas, 1st Earl of Dumbarton | 1675 | 1692 | New creation |
| Earl of Kintore (1677) | John Keith, 1st Earl of Kintore | 1677 | 1714 | New creation |
| Earl of Breadalbane and Holland (1677) | John Campbell, 1st Earl of Breadalbane and Holland | 1677 | 1717 | New creation |
| Viscount of Falkland (1620) | Anthony Cary, 5th Viscount of Falkland | 1663 | 1694 |  |
| Viscount of Dunbar (1620) | Robert Constable, 3rd Viscount of Dunbar | 1668 | 1714 |  |
| Viscount of Stormont (1621) | David Murray, 5th Viscount of Stormont | 1668 | 1731 |  |
| Viscount of Kenmure (1633) | Alexander Gordon, 5th Viscount of Kenmure | 1663 | 1698 |  |
| Viscount of Arbuthnott (1641) | Robert Arbuthnot, 2nd Viscount of Arbuthnott | 1655 | 1682 |  |
| Viscount of Frendraught (1642) | James Crichton, 2nd Viscount of Frendraught | 1650 | 1678 | Died |
| | William Crichton, 3rd Viscount of Frendraught | 1678 | 1686 |  |
| Viscount of Oxfuird (1651) | Robert Makgill, 2nd Viscount of Oxfuird | 1663 | 1706 |  |
| Viscount of Kingston (1651) | Alexander Seton, 1st Viscount of Kingston | 1651 | 1691 |  |
| Viscount of Irvine (1661) | Arthur Ingram, 3rd Viscount of Irvine | 1668 | 1702 |  |
| Viscount of Kilsyth (1661) | James Livingston, 2nd Viscount of Kilsyth | 1661 | 1706 |  |
| Lord Somerville (1430) | James Somerville, 10th Lord Somerville | 1640 | 1677 | Died |
| | James Somerville, 11th Lord Somerville | 1677 | 1693 |  |
| Lord Forbes (1442) | Alexander Forbes, 10th Lord Forbes | 1641 | 1672 | Died |
| | William Forbes, 11th Lord Forbes | 1672 | 1697 |  |
| Lord Saltoun (1445) | Alexander Fraser, 11th Lord Saltoun | 1669 | 1693 |  |
| Lord Gray (1445) | Patrick Gray, 8th Lord Gray | 1663 | 1711 |  |
| Lord Sinclair (1449) | John Sinclair, 9th Lord Sinclair | 1615 | 1676 | Died |
| | Henry St Clair, 10th Lord Sinclair | 1676 | 1723 |  |
| Lord Borthwick (1452) | John Borthwick, 9th Lord Borthwick | 1623 | 1675 | Died, title dormant |
| Lord Oliphant (1455) | Patrick Oliphant, 6th Lord Oliphant | 1631 | 1680 |  |
| Lord Cathcart (1460) | Alan Cathcart, 6th Lord Cathcart | 1628 | 1709 |  |
| Lord Lovat (1464) | Hugh Fraser, 8th Lord Lovat | 1646 | 1672 | Died |
| | Hugh Fraser, 9th Lord Lovat | 1672 | 1696 |  |
| Lord Sempill (1489) | Robert Sempill, 7th Lord Sempill | 1644 | 1675 | Died |
| | Francis Sempill, 8th Lord Sempill | 1675 | 1684 |  |
| Lord Ross (1499) | George Ross, 11th Lord Ross | 1656 | 1682 |  |
| Lord Elphinstone (1509) | John Elphinstone, 8th Lord Elphinstone | 1669 | 1718 |  |
| Lord Ochiltree (1543) | William Stewart, 5th Lord Ochiltree | 1658 | 1675 | Died, title extinct |
| Lord Torphichen (1564) | Walter Sandilands, 6th Lord Torphichen | 1649 | 1696 |  |
| Lord Spynie (1590) | George Lindsay, 3rd Lord Spynie | 1646 | 1671 | Died, title dormant |
| Lord Lindores (1600) | John Leslie, 4th Lord Lindores | 1666 | 1706 |  |
| Lord Colville of Culross (1604) | John Colville, 4th Lord Colville of Culross | 1656 | 1680 |  |
| Lord Balmerinoch (1606) | John Elphinstone, 3rd Lord Balmerino | 1649 | 1704 |  |
| Lord Blantyre (1606) | Alexander Stewart, 4th Lord Blantyre | 1641 | 1670 | Died |
| | Alexander Stuart, 5th Lord Blantyre | 1670 | 1704 |  |
| Lord Balfour of Burleigh (1607) | John Balfour, 3rd Lord Balfour of Burleigh | 1663 | 1688 |  |
| Lord Cranstoun (1609) | James Cranstoun, 4th Lord Cranstoun | 1664 | 1688 |  |
| Lord Maderty (1609) | David Drummond, 3rd Lord Madderty | 1647 | 1692 |  |
| Lord Dingwall (1609) | Elizabeth Preston, 2nd Lady Dingwall | 1628 | 1684 |  |
| Lord Cardross (1610) | David Erskine, 2nd Lord Cardross | 1634 | 1671 | Died |
| | Henry Erskine, 3rd Lord Cardross | 1671 | 1693 |  |
| Lord Melville of Monymaill (1616) | George Melville, 4th Lord Melville | 1643 | 1707 |  |
| Lord Jedburgh (1622) | Robert Ker, 4th Lord Jedburgh | 1670 | 1692 |  |
| Lord Aston of Forfar (1627) | Walter Aston, 2nd Lord Aston of Forfar | 1639 | 1678 | Died |
| | Walter Aston, 3rd Lord Aston of Forfar | 1678 | 1714 |  |
| Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1627) | Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron | 1648 | 1671 | Died |
| | Henry Fairfax, 4th Lord Fairfax of Cameron | 1671 | 1688 |  |
| Lord Napier (1627) | Archibald Napier, 3rd Lord Napier | 1660 | 1683 |  |
| Lord Reay (1628) | John Mackay, 2nd Lord Reay | 1649 | 1681 |  |
| Lord Cramond (1628) | Thomas Richardson, 2nd Lord Cramond | 1651 | 1674 | Died |
| | Henry Richardson, 3rd Lord Cramond | 1674 | 1701 |  |
| Lord Forbes of Pitsligo (1633) | Alexander Forbes, 2nd Lord Forbes of Pitsligo | 1636 | 1690 |  |
| Lord Kirkcudbright (1633) | John Maclellan, 5th Lord Kirkcudbright | 1669 | 1678 | Died |
| | James Maclellan, 6th Lord Kirkcudbright | 1678 | 1730 |  |
| Lord Fraser (1633) | Andrew Fraser, 2nd Lord Fraser | 1636 | 1674 | Died |
| | Andrew Fraser, 3rd Lord Fraser | 1674 | Abt 1680 |  |
| Lord Forrester (1633) | James Baillie, 2nd Lord Forrester | 1654 | 1676 | Died |
| | William Baillie, 3rd Lord Forrester | 1676 | 1681 |  |
| Lord Bargany (1641) | John Hamilton, 2nd Lord Bargany | 1658 | 1693 |  |
| Lord Banff (1642) | George Ogilvy, 3rd Lord Banff | 1668 | 1713 |  |
| Lord Elibank (1643) | Patrick Murray, 3rd Lord Elibank | 1661 | 1687 |  |
| Lord Dunkeld (1645) | Thomas Galloway, 2nd Lord Dunkeld | 1660 | 1728 |  |
| Lord Falconer of Halkerton (1646) | Alexander Falconer, 1st Lord Falconer of Halkerton | 1646 | 1671 | Died |
| | Alexander Falconer, 2nd Lord Falconer of Halkerton | 1671 | 1684 |  |
| Lord Abercrombie (1647) | James Sandilands, 2nd Lord Abercrombie | 1658 | 1681 |  |
| Lord Belhaven and Stenton (1647) | John Hamilton, 1st Lord Belhaven and Stenton | 1647 | 1679 | Died |
| | John Hamilton, 2nd Lord Belhaven and Stenton | 1679 | 1708 |  |
| Lord Carmichael (1647) | James Carmichael, 1st Lord Carmichael | 1647 | 1672 | Died |
| | John Carmichael, 2nd Lord Carmichael | 1672 | 1710 |  |
| Lord Duffus (1650) | Alexander Sutherland, 1st Lord Duffus | 1650 | 1674 | Died |
| | James Sutherland, 2nd Lord Duffus | 1674 | 1705 |  |
| Lord Rollo (1651) | Andrew Rollo, 3rd Lord Rollo | 1669 | 1700 |  |
| Lord Ruthven of Freeland (1650) | Thomas Ruthven, 1st Lord Ruthven of Freeland | 1651 | 1673 | Died |
| | David Ruthven, 2nd Lord Ruthven of Freeland | 1673 | 1701 |  |
| Lord Rutherfurd (1661) | Archibald Rutherfurd, 3rd Lord Rutherfurd | 1668 | 1685 |  |
| Lord Bellenden (1661) | William Bellenden, 1st Lord Bellenden | 1661 | 1671 | Died |
| | John Bellenden, 2nd Lord Bellenden | 1671 | 1707 |  |
| Lord Newark (1661) | David Leslie, 1st Lord Newark | 1661 | 1682 |  |
| Lord Burntisland (1672) | James Wemyss, Lord Burntisland | 1672 | 1682 | New creation, for life |

## Peerage of Ireland

| Title | Holder | Date gained | Date lost | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Duke of Ormonde (1661) | James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormonde | 1661 | 1688 |  |
| Marquess of Antrim (1645) | Randal MacDonnell, 1st Marquess of Antrim | 1645 | 1683 |  |
| Earl of Kildare (1316) | John FitzGerald, 18th Earl of Kildare | 1664 | 1707 |  |
| Earl of Waterford (1446) | Charles Talbot, 12th Earl of Waterford | 1667 | 1718 |  |
| Earl of Clanricarde (1543) | William Burke, 7th Earl of Clanricarde | 1666 | 1687 |  |
| Earl of Thomond (1543) | Henry O'Brien, 7th Earl of Thomond | 1657 | 1691 |  |
| Earl of Castlehaven (1616) | James Tuchet, 3rd Earl of Castlehaven | 1630 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of Cork (1620) | Richard Boyle, 2nd Earl of Cork | 1643 | 1698 |  |
| Earl of Westmeath (1621) | Richard Nugent, 2nd Earl of Westmeath | 1642 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of Roscommon (1622) | Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon | 1649 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Londonderry (1622) | Weston Ridgeway, 3rd Earl of Londonderry | 1641 | 1672 | Died |
| | Robert Ridgeway, 4th Earl of Londonderry | 1672 | 1714 |  |
| Earl of Meath (1627) | Edward Brabazon, 2nd Earl of Meath | 1651 | 1675 | Died |
| | William Brabazon, 3rd Earl of Meath | 1675 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Barrymore (1628) | Richard Barry, 2nd Earl of Barrymore | 1642 | 1694 |  |
| Earl of Carbery (1628) | Richard Vaughan, 2nd Earl of Carbery | 1634 | 1687 |  |
| Earl of Fingall (1628) | Luke Plunkett, 3rd Earl of Fingall | 1649 | 1684 |  |
| Earl of Desmond (1628) | William Feilding, 2nd Earl of Desmond | 1665 | 1685 |  |
| Earl of Ardglass (1645) | Thomas Cromwell, 3rd Earl of Ardglass | 1668 | 1682 |  |
| Earl of Donegall (1647) | Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall | 1647 | 1675 | Died |
| | Arthur Chichester, 2nd Earl of Donegall | 1675 | 1678 | Died |
| | Arthur Chichester, 3rd Earl of Donegall | 1678 | 1706 |  |
| Earl of Cavan (1647) | Richard Lambart, 2nd Earl of Cavan | 1660 | 1690 |  |
| Earl of Clanbrassil (1647) | Henry Hamilton, 2nd Earl of Clanbrassil | 1659 | 1675 | Died, title extinct |
| Earl of Inchiquin (1654) | Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin | 1654 | 1674 | Died |
| | William O'Brien, 2nd Earl of Inchiquin | 1674 | 1692 |  |
| Earl of Clancarty (1658) | Callaghan MacCarty, 3rd Earl of Clancarty | 1666 | 1676 | Died |
| | Donough MacCarthy, 4th Earl of Clancarty | 1676 | 1691 |  |
| Earl of Orrery (1660) | Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery | 1660 | 1679 | Died |
| | Roger Boyle, 2nd Earl of Orrery | 1679 | 1682 |  |
| Earl of Mountrath (1660) | Charles Coote, 2nd Earl of Mountrath | 1661 | 1672 | Died |
| | Charles Coote, 3rd Earl of Mountrath | 1672 | 1709 |  |
| Earl of Drogheda (1661) | Henry Moore, 1st Earl of Drogheda | 1661 | 1675 | Died |
| | Charles Moore, 2nd Earl of Drogheda | 1675 | 1679 | Died |
| | Henry Hamilton-Moore, 3rd Earl of Drogheda | 1679 | 1714 |  |
| Earl of Carlingford (1661) | Theobald Taaffe 1st Earl of Carlingford | 1661 | 1677 | Died |
| | Nicholas Taaffe, 2nd Earl of Carlingford | 1677 | 1690 |  |
| Earl of Mount Alexander (1661) | Hugh Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Mount Alexander | 1663 | 1717 |  |
| Earl of Castlemaine (1661) | Roger Palmer, 1st Earl of Castlemaine | 1661 | 1705 |  |
| Earl of Arran (1662) | Richard Butler, 1st Earl of Arran | 1662 | 1686 |  |
| Earl of Tyrone (1673) | Richard Power, 1st Earl of Tyrone | 1673 | 1690 | New creation |
| Earl of Gowran (1676) | John Butler, 1st Earl of Gowran | 1676 | 1677 | New creation; died, title extinct |
| Earl of Longford (1677) | Francis Aungier, 1st Earl of Longford | 1677 | 1700 | New creation; also created Viscount Longford in 1675 |
| Earl of Ranelagh (1677) | Richard Jones, 1st Earl of Ranelagh | 1677 | 1711 | New creation |
| Viscount Gormanston (1478) | Jenico Preston, 7th Viscount Gormanston | 1643 | 1691 |  |
| Viscount Mountgarret (1550) | Edmund Butler, 4th Viscount Mountgarret | 1651 | 1679 | Died |
| | Richard Butler, 5th Viscount Mountgarret | 1679 | 1706 |  |
| Viscount Grandison (1621) | George Villiers, 4th Viscount Grandison | 1661 | 1699 |  |
| Viscount Wilmot (1621) | Henry Wilmot, 3rd Viscount Wilmot | 1658 | 1680 |  |
| Viscount Valentia (1622) | Arthur Annesley, 2nd Viscount Valentia | 1660 | 1686 |  |
| Viscount Dillon (1622) | Thomas Dillon, 4th Viscount Dillon | 1630 | 1672 | Died |
| | Thomas Dillon, 5th Viscount Dillon | 1672 | 1674 | Died |
| | Lucas Dillon, 6th Viscount Dillon | 1674 | 1682 |  |
| Viscount Loftus (1622) | Edward Loftus, 2nd Viscount Loftus | 1643 | 1680 |  |
| Viscount Beaumont of Swords (1622) | Thomas Beaumont, 3rd Viscount Beaumont of Swords | 1658 | 1702 |  |
| Viscount Netterville (1622) | Nicholas Netterville, 3rd Viscount Netterville | 1659 | 1689 |  |
| Viscount Magennis (1623) | Arthur Magennis, 3rd Viscount Magennis | 1639 | 1683 |  |
| Viscount Kilmorey (1625) | Thomas Needham, 6th Viscount Kilmorey | 1668 | 1687 |  |
| Viscount Baltinglass (1627) | Thomas Roper, 2nd Viscount Baltinglass | 1637 | 1670 | Died |
| | Cary Roper, 3rd Viscount Baltinglass | 1670 | 1672 | Died, title extinct |
| Viscount Castleton (1627) | George Saunderson, 5th Viscount Castleton | 1650 | 1714 |  |
| Viscount Killultagh (1627) | Edward Conway, 3rd Viscount Killultagh | 1655 | 1683 |  |
| Viscount Mayo (1627) | Theobald Bourke, 4th Viscount Mayo | 1652 | 1676 | Died |
| | Miles Bourke, 5th Viscount Mayo | 1676 | 1681 |  |
| Viscount Sarsfield (1627) | David Sarsfield, 3rd Viscount Sarsfield | 1648 | 1687 |  |
| Viscount Chaworth (1628) | Patrick Chaworth, 3rd Viscount Chaworth | 1644 | 1693 |  |
| Viscount Savile (1628) | James Savile, 2nd Viscount Savile | 1659 | 1671 | Died, title extinct |
| Viscount Lumley (1628) | Richard Lumley, 2nd Viscount Lumley | 1663 | 1721 |  |
| Viscount Molyneux (1628) | Caryll Molyneux, 3rd Viscount Molyneux | 1654 | 1699 |  |
| Viscount Strangford (1628) | Philip Smythe, 2nd Viscount Strangford | 1635 | 1708 |  |
| Viscount Scudamore (1628) | John Scudamore, 1st Viscount Scudamore | 1628 | 1671 | Died |
| | John Scudamore, 2nd Viscount Scudamore | 1671 | 1697 |  |
| Viscount Wenman (1628) | Philip Wenman, 3rd Viscount Wenman | 1665 | 1686 |  |
| Viscount Ranelagh (1628) | Richard Jones, 3rd Viscount Ranelagh | 1669 | 1711 | Created Earl of Ranelagh, see above |
| Viscount FitzWilliam (1629) | William FitzWilliam, 3rd Viscount FitzWilliam | 1667 | 1670 | Died |
| | Thomas FitzWilliam, 4th Viscount FitzWilliam | 1670 | 1704 |  |
| Viscount Fairfax of Emley (1629) | Charles Fairfax, 5th Viscount Fairfax of Emley | 1651 | 1711 |  |
| Viscount Ikerrin (1629) | Pierce Butler, 1st Viscount Ikerrin | 1629 | 1674 |  |
| | Pierce Butler, 2nd Viscount Ikerrin | 1674 | 1680 |  |
| Viscount Clanmalier (1631) | Lewis O'Dempsey, 2nd Viscount Clanmalier | 1638 | 1683 |  |
| Viscount Cullen (1642) | Brien Cokayne, 2nd Viscount Cullen | 1661 | 1687 |  |
| Viscount Carrington (1643) | Francis Smith, 2nd Viscount Carrington | 1665 | 1701 |  |
| Viscount Tracy (1643) | John Tracy, 3rd Viscount Tracy | 1662 | 1687 |  |
| Viscount Bulkeley (1644) | Robert Bulkeley, 2nd Viscount Bulkeley | 1659 | 1688 |  |
| Viscount Brouncker (1645) | William Brouncker, 2nd Viscount Brouncker | 1645 | 1684 |  |
| Viscount Ogle (1645) | William Ogle, 1st Viscount Ogle | 1645 | 1682 |  |
| Viscount Barnewall (1646) | Henry Barnewall, 2nd Viscount Barnewall | 1663 | 1688 |  |
| Viscount Galmoye (1646) | Piers Butler, 3rd Viscount of Galmoye | 1667 | 1697 |  |
| Viscount Tara (1650) | Thomas Preston, 3rd Viscount Tara | 1659 | 1674 | Died, title extinct |
| Viscount Massereene (1660) | John Skeffington, 2nd Viscount Massereene | 1665 | 1695 |  |
| Viscount Shannon (1660) | Francis Boyle, 1st Viscount Shannon | 1660 | 1699 |  |
| Viscount Fanshawe (1661) | Thomas Fanshawe, 2nd Viscount Fanshawe | 1665 | 1674 | Died |
| | Evelyn Fanshawe, 3rd Viscount Fanshawe | 1674 | 1687 |  |
| Viscount Cholmondeley (1661) | Robert Cholmondeley, 1st Viscount Cholmondeley | 1661 | 1681 |  |
| Viscount Dungan (1662) | William Dongan, 1st Viscount Dungan | 1662 | 1698 |  |
| Viscount Dungannon (1662) | Marcus Trevor, 1st Viscount Dungannon | 1662 | 1670 | Died |
| | Lewis Trevor, 2nd Viscount Dungannon | 1670 | 1693 |  |
| Viscount Clare (1662) | Connor O'Brien, 2nd Viscount Clare | 1666 | 1670 | Died |
| | Daniel O'Brien, 3rd Viscount Clare | 1670 | 1691 |  |
| Viscount Fitzhardinge (1663) | Maurice Berkeley, 3rd Viscount Fitzhardinge | 1668 | 1690 |  |
| Viscount Charlemont (1665) | William Caulfeild, 1st Viscount Charlemont | 1665 | 1671 | Died |
| | William Caulfeild, 2nd Viscount Charlemont | 1671 | 1726 |  |
| Viscount Powerscourt (1665) | Folliott Wingfield, 1st Viscount Powerscourt | 1665 | 1717 |  |
| Viscount Blesington (1673) | Murrough Boyle, 1st Viscount Blesington | 1673 | 1718 | New creation |
| Viscount Downe (1675) | William Ducie, 1st Viscount Downe | 1675 | 1679 | New creation; died, title extinct |
| Viscount Granard (1675) | Arthur Forbes, 1st Viscount Granard | 1675 | 1695 | New creation |
| Viscount Lanesborough (1676) | George Lane, 1st Viscount Lanesborough | 1676 | 1683 | New creation |
| Baron Athenry (1172) | Francis de Bermingham, 12th Baron Athenry | 1645 | 1677 | Died |
| | Edward Bermingham, 13th Baron Athenry | 1677 | 1709 |  |
| Baron Kingsale (1223) | Almericus de Courcy, 23rd Baron Kingsale | 1669 | 1720 |  |
| Baron Kerry (1223) | William Fitzmaurice, 20th Baron Kerry | 1661 | 1697 |  |
| Baron Slane (1370) | Randall Fleming, 16th Baron Slane | 1661 | 1676 | Died |
| | Christopher Fleming, 17th Baron Slane | 1676 | 1691 |  |
| Baron Howth (1425) | William St Lawrence, 12th Baron Howth | 1643 | 1671 | Died |
| | Thomas St Lawrence, 13th Baron Howth | 1671 | 1727 |  |
| Baron Trimlestown (1461) | Robert Barnewall, 9th Baron Trimlestown | 1667 | 1689 |  |
| Baron Dunsany (1462) | Christopher Plunkett, 10th Baron of Dunsany | 1668 | 1690 |  |
| Baron Power (1535) | Richard Power, 6th Baron Power | 1661 | 1690 | Created Earl of Tyrone, see above |
| Baron Dunboyne (1541) | Pierce Butler, 5th/15th Baron Dunboyne | 1662 | 1690 |  |
| Baron Louth (1541) | Oliver Plunkett, 6th Baron Louth | 1629 | 1679 | Died |
| | Matthew Plunkett, 7th Baron Louth | 1679 | 1689 |  |
| Baron Upper Ossory (1541) | Barnaby Fitzpatrick, 7th Baron Upper Ossory | 1666 | 1691 |  |
| Baron Bourke of Castleconnell (1580) | Thomas Bourke, 7th Baron Bourke of Connell | 1665 | 1680 |  |
| Baron Cahir (1583) | Pierce Butler, 4th Baron Cahir | 1648 | 1676 | Died |
| | Theobald Butler, 5th Baron Cahir | 1676 | 1700 |  |
| Baron Hamilton (1617) | Claud Hamilton, 5th Baron Hamilton of Strabane | 1668 | 1691 |  |
| Baron Bourke of Brittas (1618) | Theobald Bourke, 3rd Baron Bourke of Brittas | 1668 | 1691 |  |
| Baron Mountjoy (1618) | Mountjoy Blount, 2nd Baron Mountjoy | 1665 | 1675 | Died |
| | Thomas Blount, 3rd Baron Mountjoy | 1675 | 1675 | Died |
| | Henry Blount, 3rd Baron Mountjoy | 1675 | 1679 | Died, title extinct |
| Baron Castle Stewart (1619) | John Stewart, 5th Baron Castle Stewart | 1662 | 1685 |  |
| Baron Folliot (1620) | Thomas Folliott, 2nd Baron Folliott | 1622 | 1697 |  |
| Baron Maynard (1620) | William Maynard, 2nd Baron Maynard | 1640 | 1699 |  |
| Baron Gorges of Dundalk (1620) | Richard Gorges, 2nd Baron Gorges of Dundalk | 1650 | 1712 |  |
| Baron Digby (1620) | Robert Digby, 3rd Baron Digby | 1661 | 1677 | Died |
| | Simon Digby, 4th Baron Digby | 1677 | 1685 |  |
| Baron Fitzwilliam (1620) | William Fitzwilliam, 3rd Baron Fitzwilliam | 1658 | 1719 |  |
| Baron Aungier (1621) | Francis Aungier, 3rd Baron Aungier of Longford | 1655 | 1700 | Created Earl of Longford, see above |
| Baron Blayney (1621) | Richard Blayney, 4th Baron Blayney | 1669 | 1670 | Died |
| | Henry Vincent Blayney, 5th Baron Blayney | 1670 | 1689 |  |
| Baron Brereton (1624) | William Brereton, 3rd Baron Brereton | 1664 | 1680 |  |
| Baron Herbert of Castle Island (1624) | Edward Herbert, 3rd Baron Herbert of Castle Island | 1655 | 1678 | Died |
| | Henry Herbert, 4th Baron Herbert of Castle Island | 1678 | 1691 |  |
| Baron Baltimore (1625) | Cecilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore | 1632 | 1675 | Died |
| | Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore | 1675 | 1715 |  |
| Baron Coleraine (1625) | Henry Hare, 2nd Baron Coleraine | 1667 | 1708 |  |
| Baron Sherard (1627) | Bennet Sherard, 2nd Baron Sherard | 1640 | 1700 |  |
| Baron Alington (1642) | William Alington, 3rd Baron Alington | 1659 | 1685 |  |
| Baron Hawley (1646) | Francis Hawley, 1st Baron Hawley | 1646 | 1684 |  |
| Baron Kingston (1660) | John King, 1st Baron Kingston | 1660 | 1676 | Died |
| | Robert King, 2nd Baron Kingston | 1676 | 1693 |  |
| Baron Coote (1660) | Richard Coote, 1st Baron Coote | 1660 | 1683 |  |
| Baron Barry of Santry (1661) | James Barry, 1st Baron Barry of Santry | 1661 | 1673 | Died |
| | Richard Barry, 2nd Baron Barry of Santry | 1673 | 1694 |  |
| Baron Hamilton of Glenawly (1661) | Hugh Hamilton, 1st Baron Hamilton of Glenawly | 1661 | 1679 | Died |
| | William Hamilton, 2nd Baron Hamilton of Glenawly | 1679 | 1680 |  |

* Cokayne, George Edward, ed. (1887). *Complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct or dormant*. Vol. 1–8 (1st ed.). London: George Bell & Sons.

* Cracroft-Brennan, Patrick. "Cracroft's Peerage" (web). Heraldic Media Limited. Retrieved 14 October 2013.


title: 1990–91 St. Louis Blues season

abstract: The 1990–91 St. Louis Blues season was one in which Brett Hull scored 50 goals in 50 games. Hull finished with 86, the third-highest total in National Hockey League history. After finishing the regular season with the NHL's second highest point total (105), the Blues overcame a 3-games-to-1 series deficit against the Detroit Red Wings in the Norris Division semi-finals before losing to the Minnesota North Stars in the Norris Division Final.

text:
# 1990–91 St. Louis Blues season

The **1990–91 St. Louis Blues season** was one in which Brett Hull scored 50 goals in 50 games. Hull finished with 86, the third-highest total in National Hockey League history. After finishing the regular season with the NHL's second highest point total (105), the Blues overcame a 3-games-to-1 series deficit against the Detroit Red Wings in the Norris Division semi-finals before losing to the Minnesota North Stars in the Norris Division Final.

## Offseason

Newly acquired defenceman Scott Stevens is named team captain, replacing Rick Meagher.

### NHL Draft

St. Louis's draft picks at the 1990 NHL Entry Draft held at the BC Place in Vancouver, British Columbia.

| Round | # | Player | Nationality | College/Junior/Club team (League) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 | 33 | Craig Johnson | United States | Hill-Murray School (USHS-MN) |
| 3 | 54 | Patrice Tardif | Canada | Champlain College Lennoxville (CEGEP) |
| 5 | 96 | Jason Ruff | Canada | Lethbridge Hurricanes (WHL) |
| 6 | 117 | Kurtis Miller | United States | Rochester Mustangs (USHL) |
| 7 | 138 | Wayne Conlan | United States | Trinity-Pawling School (USHS-NY) |
| 9 | 180 | Parris Duffus | United States | Melfort Mustangs (SJHL) |
| 10 | 201 | Steve Widmeyer | Canada | University of Maine (Hockey East) |
| 11 | 222 | Joe Hawley | Canada | Peterborough Petes (OHL) |
| 12 | 243 | Joe Fleming | United States | Xaverian High School (USHS-MA) |
|  | 17 | Geoff Sarjeant | Canada | Michigan Technological University (WCHA) |

## Regular season

The Blues allowed the most short-handed goals in the NHL, with 18.

### Final standings

Norris Division
|  | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Chicago Blackhawks** | 80 | 49 | 23 | 8 | 284 | 211 | 106 |
| **St. Louis Blues** | 80 | 47 | 22 | 11 | 310 | 250 | 105 |
| **Detroit Red Wings** | 80 | 34 | 38 | 8 | 273 | 298 | 76 |
| **Minnesota North Stars** | 80 | 27 | 39 | 14 | 256 | 266 | 68 |
| Toronto Maple Leafs | 80 | 23 | 46 | 11 | 241 | 318 | 57 |

Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against
Note: Teams that qualified for the playoffs are highlighted in bold.

Campbell Conference
| R |  | Div | GP | W | L | T | GF | GA | Pts |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | p – Chicago Blackhawks | NRS | 80 | 49 | 23 | 8 | 284 | 211 | 106 |
| 2 | St. Louis Blues | NRS | 80 | 47 | 22 | 11 | 310 | 250 | 105 |
| 3 | Los Angeles Kings | SMY | 80 | 46 | 24 | 10 | 340 | 254 | 102 |
| 4 | Calgary Flames | SMY | 80 | 46 | 26 | 8 | 344 | 263 | 100 |
| 5 | Edmonton Oilers | SMY | 80 | 37 | 37 | 6 | 272 | 272 | 80 |
| 6 | Detroit Red Wings | NRS | 80 | 34 | 38 | 8 | 273 | 298 | 76 |
| 7 | Minnesota North Stars | NRS | 80 | 27 | 39 | 14 | 256 | 266 | 68 |
| 8 | Vancouver Canucks | SMY | 80 | 28 | 43 | 9 | 243 | 315 | 65 |
| 9 | Winnipeg Jets | SMY | 80 | 26 | 43 | 11 | 260 | 288 | 63 |
| 10 | Toronto Maple Leafs | NRS | 80 | 23 | 46 | 11 | 241 | 318 | 57 |

**Divisions:** *NRS* – Norris, *SMY* – Smythe

**bold** – Qualified for playoffs; **p** – Won Presidents' Trophy

## Schedule and results

| No. | R | Date | Score | Opponent | Record |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | W | October 4, 1990 | 3–2 | @ Minnesota North Stars (1990–91) | 1–0–0 |
| 2 | L | October 6, 1990 | 2–5 | Chicago Blackhawks (1990–91) | 1–1–0 |
| 3 | W | October 9, 1990 | 4–3 | Pittsburgh Penguins (1990–91) | 2–1–0 |
| 4 | L | October 12, 1990 | 0–4 | @ Vancouver Canucks (1990–91) | 2–2–0 |
| 5 | L | October 14, 1990 | 1–4 | @ Los Angeles Kings (1990–91) | 2–3–0 |
| 6 | W | October 16, 1990 | 5–2 | @ Edmonton Oilers (1990–91) | 3–3–0 |
| 7 | W | October 18, 1990 | 4–3 | @ Calgary Flames (1990–91) | 4–3–0 |
| 8 | T | October 20, 1990 | 2–2 OT | Minnesota North Stars (1990–91) | 4–3–1 |
| 9 | W | October 24, 1990 | 8–3 | @ Toronto Maple Leafs (1990–91) | 5–3–1 |
| 10 | W | October 25, 1990 | 8–5 | Toronto Maple Leafs (1990–91) | 6–3–1 |
| 11 | W | October 27, 1990 | 3–0 | Montreal Canadiens (1990–91) | 7–3–1 |
| 12 | W | October 30, 1990 | 5–2 | @ Detroit Red Wings (1990–91) | 8–3–1 |
| 13 | L | November 1, 1990 | 2–3 OT | @ Boston Bruins (1990–91) | 8–4–1 |
| 14 | W | November 3, 1990 | 4–1 | @ Hartford Whalers (1990–91) | 9–4–1 |
| 15 | W | November 6, 1990 | 2–1 | Edmonton Oilers (1990–91) | 10–4–1 |
| 16 | W | November 8, 1990 | 3–2 | @ Pittsburgh Penguins (1990–91) | 11–4–1 |
| 17 | W | November 10, 1990 | 6–1 | Detroit Red Wings (1990–91) | 12–4–1 |
| 18 | W | November 13, 1990 | 4–2 | Quebec Nordiques (1990–91) | 13–4–1 |
| 19 | W | November 17, 1990 | 3–2 | @ Minnesota North Stars (1990–91) | 14–4–1 |
| 20 | L | November 18, 1990 | 3–4 | @ Winnipeg Jets (1990–91) | 14–5–1 |
| 21 | W | November 20, 1990 | 4–2 | Winnipeg Jets (1990–91) | 15–5–1 |
| 22 | L | November 23, 1990 | 3–5 | @ Detroit Red Wings (1990–91) | 15–6–1 |
| 23 | T | November 24, 1990 | 3–3 OT | Vancouver Canucks (1990–91) | 15–6–2 |
| 24 | L | November 27, 1990 | 3–4 OT | Toronto Maple Leafs (1990–91) | 15–7–2 |
| 25 | T | November 29, 1990 | 4–4 OT | Los Angeles Kings (1990–91) | 15–7–3 |
| 26 | L | December 1, 1990 | 1–4 | New Jersey Devils (1990–91) | 15–8–3 |
| 27 | L | December 2, 1990 | 2–3 | @ Chicago Blackhawks (1990–91) | 15–9–3 |
| 28 | W | December 7, 1990 | 6–3 | @ Detroit Red Wings (1990–91) | 16–9–3 |
| 29 | W | December 8, 1990 | 2–1 | Detroit Red Wings (1990–91) | 17–9–3 |
| 30 | T | December 11, 1990 | 3–3 OT | Winnipeg Jets (1990–91) | 17–9–4 |
| 31 | W | December 13, 1990 | 4–2 | Minnesota North Stars (1990–91) | 18–9–4 |
| 32 | W | December 15, 1990 | 4–2 | @ Toronto Maple Leafs (1990–91) | 19–9–4 |
| 33 | W | December 16, 1990 | 5–3 | @ Buffalo Sabres (1990–91) | 20–9–4 |
| 34 | T | December 20, 1990 | 3–3 OT | Washington Capitals (1990–91) | 20–9–5 |
| 35 | W | December 22, 1990 | 5–0 | Chicago Blackhawks (1990–91) | 21–9–5 |
| 36 | T | December 26, 1990 | 6–6 OT | @ Chicago Blackhawks (1990–91) | 21–9–6 |
| 37 | L | December 27, 1990 | 4–6 | @ Toronto Maple Leafs (1990–91) | 21–10–6 |
| 38 | L | December 29, 1990 | 1–3 | Philadelphia Flyers (1990–91) | 21–11–6 |
| 39 | L | December 31, 1990 | 3–4 | @ Pittsburgh Penguins (1990–91) | 21–12–6 |
| 40 | W | January 3, 1991 | 8–7 | Quebec Nordiques (1990–91) | 22–12–6 |
| 41 | L | January 5, 1991 | 2–3 OT | New York Rangers (1990–91) | 22–13–6 |
| 42 | W | January 8, 1991 | 5–3 | @ New Jersey Devils (1990–91) | 23–13–6 |
| 43 | W | January 9, 1991 | 3–2 | @ New York Rangers (1990–91) | 24–13–6 |
| 44 | T | January 12, 1991 | 4–4 OT | @ Quebec Nordiques (1990–91) | 24–13–7 |
| 45 | W | January 13, 1991 | 3–1 | @ Montreal Canadiens (1990–91) | 25–13–7 |
| 46 | W | January 15, 1991 | 7–3 | Washington Capitals (1990–91) | 26–13–7 |
| 47 | L | January 17, 1991 | 2–4 | Montreal Canadiens (1990–91) | 26–14–7 |
| 48 | L | January 22, 1991 | 3–7 | @ Minnesota North Stars (1990–91) | 26–15–7 |
| 49 | W | January 25, 1991 | 9–4 | @ Detroit Red Wings (1990–91) | 27–15–7 |
| 50 | W | January 26, 1991 | 5–4 OT | Detroit Red Wings (1990–91) | 28–15–7 |
| 51 | W | January 29, 1991 | 8–3 | Buffalo Sabres (1990–91) | 29–15–7 |
| 52 | W | January 31, 1991 | 4–3 OT | Hartford Whalers (1990–91) | 30–15–7 |
| 53 | W | February 2, 1991 | 5–4 | New Jersey Devils (1990–91) | 31–15–7 |
| 54 | L | February 4, 1991 | 5–6 OT | @ Toronto Maple Leafs (1990–91) | 31–16–7 |
| 55 | W | February 6, 1991 | 5–4 OT | @ Buffalo Sabres (1990–91) | 32–16–7 |
| 56 | W | February 9, 1991 | 5–4 | Los Angeles Kings (1990–91) | 33–16–7 |
| 57 | W | February 12, 1991 | 4–2 | @ Edmonton Oilers (1990–91) | 34–16–7 |
| 58 | W | February 14, 1991 | 3–2 | @ Vancouver Canucks (1990–91) | 35–16–7 |
| 59 | L | February 17, 1991 | 4–7 | @ Calgary Flames (1990–91) | 35–17–7 |
| 60 | W | February 19, 1991 | 3–2 | Toronto Maple Leafs (1990–91) | 36–17–7 |
| 61 | W | February 21, 1991 | 7–2 | New York Islanders (1990–91) | 37–17–7 |
| 62 | W | February 23, 1991 | 9–2 | Boston Bruins (1990–91) | 38–17–7 |
| 63 | L | February 24, 1991 | 2–6 | @ Chicago Blackhawks (1990–91) | 38–18–7 |
| 64 | W | February 26, 1991 | 3–1 | Chicago Blackhawks (1990–91) | 39–18–7 |
| 65 | T | February 28, 1991 | 4–4 OT | New York Rangers (1990–91) | 39–18–8 |
| 66 | T | March 2, 1991 | 4–4 OT | @ Philadelphia Flyers (1990–91) | 39–18–9 |
| 67 | W | March 5, 1991 | 4–1 | @ Hartford Whalers (1990–91) | 40–18–9 |
| 68 | T | March 7, 1991 | 5–5 OT | @ Boston Bruins (1990–91) | 40–18–10 |
| 69 | L | March 9, 1991 | 4–8 | Calgary Flames (1990–91) | 40–19–10 |
| 70 | L | March 10, 1991 | 1–4 | Detroit Red Wings (1990–91) | 40–20–10 |
| 71 | T | March 14, 1991 | 2–2 OT | Minnesota North Stars (1990–91) | 40–20–11 |
| 72 | L | March 16, 1991 | 2–3 | Chicago Blackhawks (1990–91) | 40–21–11 |
| 73 | L | March 17, 1991 | 4–6 | @ Chicago Blackhawks (1990–91) | 40–22–11 |
| 74 | W | March 19, 1991 | 2–1 | @ Washington Capitals (1990–91) | 41–22–11 |
| 75 | W | March 21, 1991 | 4–1 | @ Philadelphia Flyers (1990–91) | 42–22–11 |
| 76 | W | March 23, 1991 | 3–2 | @ New York Islanders (1990–91) | 43–22–11 |
| 77 | W | March 25, 1991 | 5–4 | @ Minnesota North Stars (1990–91) | 44–22–11 |
| 78 | W | March 28, 1991 | 3–0 | New York Islanders (1990–91) | 45–22–11 |
| 79 | W | March 30, 1991 | 5–2 | Toronto Maple Leafs (1990–91) | 46–22–11 |
| 80 | W | March 31, 1991 | 2–1 | Minnesota North Stars (1990–91) | 47–22–11 |

## Player statistics

### Regular season

Scoring

| Player | Pos | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | +/- | PPG | SHG | GWG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Brett Hull | RW | 78 | 86 | 45 | 131 | 22 | 23 | 29 | 0 | 11 |
| Adam Oates | C | 61 | 25 | 90 | 115 | 29 | 15 | 3 | 1 | 3 |
| Jeff Brown | D | 67 | 12 | 47 | 59 | 39 | 4 | 6 | 1 | 0 |
| Geoff Courtnall | LW | 66 | 27 | 30 | 57 | 56 | 19 | 9 | 0 | 6 |
| Rod Brind'Amour | C | 78 | 17 | 32 | 49 | 93 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 3 |
| Scott Stevens | D | 78 | 5 | 44 | 49 | 150 | 23 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Dave Lowry | LW | 79 | 19 | 21 | 40 | 168 | 19 | 0 | 2 | 5 |
| Ron Wilson | C | 73 | 10 | 27 | 37 | 54 | -1 | 1 | 2 | 1 |
| Paul Cavallini | D | 67 | 10 | 25 | 35 | 89 | 19 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Gino Cavallini | LW | 78 | 8 | 27 | 35 | 81 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Bob Bassen | C | 79 | 16 | 18 | 34 | 183 | 17 | 0 | 2 | 1 |
| Cliff Ronning | C | 48 | 14 | 18 | 32 | 10 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 2 |
| Sergio Momesso | LW | 59 | 10 | 18 | 28 | 131 | 12 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Rich Sutter | RW | 77 | 16 | 11 | 27 | 122 | 6 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
| Glen Featherstone | D | 68 | 5 | 15 | 20 | 204 | 19 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Paul MacLean | RW | 37 | 6 | 11 | 17 | 24 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
| Mario Marois | D | 64 | 2 | 14 | 16 | 81 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dan Quinn | C | 14 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 20 | -5 | 4 | 0 | 2 |
| Steve Tuttle | RW | 20 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Herb Raglan | RW | 32 | 3 | 3 | 6 | 52 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Tom Tilley | D | 22 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Harold Snepsts | D | 54 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 50 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Rick Meagher | C | 24 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Robert Dirk | D | 41 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 100 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Garth Butcher | D | 13 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 32 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| David Bruce | LW | 12 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dominic Lavoie | D | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Nelson Emerson | RW | 4 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 2 | -2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Darin Kimble | RW | 26 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 128 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Michel Mongeau | C | 7 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Vincent Riendeau | G | 44 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Kelly Chase | RW | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 15 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Pat Jablonski | G | 8 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Curtis Joseph | G | 30 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gordie Roberts | D | 3 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 8 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dave Thomlinson | LW | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

Goaltending

| Player | MIN | GP | W | L | T | GA | GAA | SO | SA | SV | SV% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Vincent Riendeau | 2671 | 44 | 29 | 9 | 6 | 134 | 3.01 | 3 | 1241 | 1107 | .892 |
| Curtis Joseph | 1710 | 30 | 16 | 10 | 2 | 89 | 3.12 | 0 | 874 | 785 | .898 |
| Pat Jablonski | 492 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 25 | 3.05 | 0 | 228 | 203 | .890 |
| **Team:** | 4873 | 80 | 47 | 22 | 11 | 248 | 3.05 | 3 | 2343 | 2095 | .894 |

### Playoffs

Scoring

| Player | Pos | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM | +/- | PPG | SHG | GWG |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Adam Oates | C | 13 | 7 | 13 | 20 | 10 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Brett Hull | RW | 13 | 11 | 8 | 19 | 4 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 2 |
| Jeff Brown | D | 13 | 3 | 9 | 12 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dan Quinn | C | 13 | 4 | 7 | 11 | 32 | -2 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
| Rod Brind'Amour | C | 13 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Rich Sutter | RW | 13 | 4 | 2 | 6 | 16 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Paul Cavallini | D | 13 | 2 | 3 | 5 | 20 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Dave Lowry | LW | 13 | 1 | 4 | 5 | 35 | -6 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Dave Thomlinson | LW | 9 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| Bob Bassen | C | 13 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 24 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Gino Cavallini | LW | 13 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Garth Butcher | D | 13 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 54 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Scott Stevens | D | 13 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 36 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Steve Tuttle | RW | 6 | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | -3 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Rick Meagher | C | 9 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| David Bruce | LW | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Kelly Chase | RW | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Glen Featherstone | D | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31 | -5 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Pat Jablonski | G | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Darin Kimble | RW | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 38 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Mario Marois | D | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 37 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Vincent Riendeau | G | 13 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Harold Snepsts | D | 8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ron Wilson | C | 7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |

Goaltending

| Player | MIN | GP | W | L | GA | GAA | SO | SA | SV | SV% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Vincent Riendeau | 687 | 13 | 6 | 7 | 35 | 3.06 | 1 | 294 | 259 | .881 |
| Pat Jablonski | 90 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 3.33 | 0 | 35 | 30 | .857 |
| **Team:** | 777 | 13 | 6 | 7 | 40 | 3.09 | 1 | 329 | 289 | .878 |

Note: **Pos** = Position; **GPI** = Games played in; **G** = Goals; **A** = Assists; **Pts** = Points; **PIM** = Penalty minutes; **+/-** = Plus/minus; **PPG** = Power-play goals; **SHG** = Short-handed goals; **GWG** = Game-winning goals
**Min, TOI** = Minutes played; **W** = Wins; **L** = Losses; **T,T/OT** = Ties; **OTL** = Overtime losses; **GA** = Goals-against; **GAA** = Goals-against average; **SO** = Shutouts; **SA** = Shots against; **SV** = Shots saved; **SV%** = Save percentage;

## Playoffs

### Norris Division Semi-Finals

| St. Louis vs. Detroit | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date | Away | Home |
| April 4 | **Detroit 6** | 3 St. Louis |
| April 6 | Detroit 2 | **4 St. Louis** |
| April 8 | St. Louis 2 | **5 Detroit** |
| April 10 | St. Louis 3 | **4 Detroit** |
| April 12 | Detroit 1 | **6 St. Louis** |
| April 14 | **St. Louis 3** | 0 Detroit |
| April 16 | Detroit 2 | **3 St. Louis** |
| ***St. Louis wins series 4–3*** | | | |

### Norris Division Finals

| St. Louis vs. Minnesota | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Date | Away | Home |
| April 18 | **Minnesota 2** | 1 St. Louis |
| April 20 | Minnesota 2 | **5 St. Louis** |
| April 22 | St. Louis 1 | **5 Minnesota** |
| April 24 | St. Louis 4 | **8 Minnesota** |
| April 26 | Minnesota 2 | **4 St. Louis** |
| April 28 | St. Louis 2 | **3 Minnesota** |
| ***Minnesota wins series 4–2*** | | | |

## Awards and records

## InfoBox

| 1990–91 St. Louis Blues | |
| --- | --- |
| Division | 2nd Norris |
| Conference | 2nd Campbell |
| 1990–91 record | 47–22–11 |
| Home record | 24–9–7 |
| Road record | 23–13–4 |
| Goals for | 310 |
| Goals against | 250 |
| Team information | |
| General manager | Ron Caron |
| Coach | Brian Sutter |
| Captain | Scott Stevens |
| Alternate captains | Rick Meagher <br>Adam Oates |
| Arena | St. Louis Arena |
| Team leaders | |
| Goals | Brett Hull (86) |
| Assists | Adam Oates (90) |
| Points | Brett Hull (131) |
| Penalty minutes | Glen Featherstone (204) |
| Wins | Vincent Riendeau (29) |
| Goals against average | Vincent Riendeau (3.01) |
|


title: Tom Lopienski

abstract: Thomas Joseph Lopienski is an American former professional football fullback who played two seasons for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL).

text:
# Tom Lopienski

**Thomas Joseph Lopienski** (born June 12, 1979) is an American former professional football fullback who played two seasons for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL).

## Early life and college

Lopienski was born on June 12, 1979, in Parkersburg, West Virginia. He played high school football at Walsh Jesuit High School in Ohio, and college football at Notre Dame.

## Professional career

### Indianapolis Colts

Lopienski appeared in the last four games of the 2003 regular season for the Colts. On January 11, 2004, in a 38-31 divisional round victory over the Kansas City Chiefs in the 2003–04 NFL playoffs, he caught a 2-yard touchdown pass from Peyton Manning in the second quarter. Ironically, that touchdown pass would go on to be the only time Lopienski ever touched the ball during an NFL regular season or playoff game. He also played the following week in the AFC Championship Game, where the Colts lost to the New England Patriots by a score of 24–14.

In the 2004 season, Lopienski played in the Colts’ first two regular season games. He finished his NFL career having played six total regular games.

### Tampa Bay Buccaneers

Lopienski signed a reserve/future contract with the Tampa Bay Buccaneers on January 28, 2005. He was waived on April 26, 2005.

## InfoBox

Tom Lopienski
| No. 36 | |
| --- | --- |
| Position: | Fullback |
| Personal information | |
| Born: | (1979-06-12) June 12, 1979<br>Parkersburg, West Virginia, U.S. |
| Height: | 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m) |
| Weight: | 246 lb (112 kg) |
| Career information | |
| High school: | Walsh Jesuit (Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio) |
| College: | Notre Dame |
| Undrafted: | 2003 |
| Career history | |
|  | |
| * Offseason and/or practice squad member only | |
|  | |
| Career NFL statistics | |
| Games played: 6  Games started: 0  Receptions (playoffs): 1  Receiving yards (playoffs): 2  Receiving touchdowns (playoffs): 1 | |
|  | |
| Player stats at **PFR** | |
|  | |


title: Panopticon (Person of Interest)

abstract: "Panopticon" is the 1st episode and season premiere of the fourth season of the American television drama series Person of Interest. It is the 69th overall episode of the series and is written by producer Erik Mountain and executive producer Greg Plageman and directed by Richard J. Lewis. It aired on CBS in the United States and on CTV in Canada on September 23, 2014. The series revolves around a computer program for the federal government known as "The Machine" that is capable of collating all sources of information to predict terrorist acts and to identify people planning them. A team, consisting of John Reese, Harold Finch and Sameen Shaw follow "irrelevant" crimes: lesser level of priority for the government. However, their security and safety is put in danger following the activation of a new program named Samaritan. In the episode, with Samaritan's activation, the team has gone their separate ways to avoid being detected. However, Reese is forced to save a new number that could impact their covers. The title refers to "Panopticon", a type of institutional building and a system of control which allows all prisoners of an institution to be observed by a single security guard, without the inmates being able to tell whether they are being watched. According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 10.58 million household viewers and gained a 1.7/5 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received positive reviews, although some noted the pace and tone in comparison to the previous season, others welcomed the new angle on the characters and storylines.

text:
# Panopticon (Person of Interest)

"**Panopticon**" is the 1st episode and season premiere of the fourth season of the American television drama series *Person of Interest*. It is the 69th overall episode of the series and is written by producer Erik Mountain and executive producer Greg Plageman and directed by Richard J. Lewis. It aired on CBS in the United States and on CTV in Canada on September 23, 2014.

The series revolves around a computer program for the federal government known as "The Machine" that is capable of collating all sources of information to predict terrorist acts and to identify people planning them. A team, consisting of John Reese, Harold Finch and Sameen Shaw follow "irrelevant" crimes: lesser level of priority for the government. However, their security and safety is put in danger following the activation of a new program named Samaritan. In the episode, with Samaritan's activation, the team has gone their separate ways to avoid being detected. However, Reese is forced to save a new number that could impact their covers. The title refers to "Panopticon", a type of institutional building and a system of control which allows all prisoners of an institution to be observed by a single security guard, without the inmates being able to tell whether they are being watched.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 10.58 million household viewers and gained a 1.7/5 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received positive reviews, although some noted the pace and tone in comparison to the previous season, others welcomed the new angle on the characters and storylines.

## Plot

In Budapest, a woman named Martine Rousseau (Cara Buono) kills a journalist that may have known about the Samaritan program. Samaritan has successfully prevented many threats for the United States. However, Senator Garrison (John Doman) expresses his concerns to Greer (John Nolan) as Decima Technologies has been defunct and is unsure of where the information is held. This worries Greer, who considers eliminating him but Samaritan tells him not do it yet.

The team has been living new lives since Samaritan's activation. Shaw (Sarah Shahi) now works at the cosmetics counter of a department store, Reese (Jim Caviezel) works as a NYPD Narcotics Detective, and Finch (Michael Emerson) works as a part-time college professor. After a talk with Root (Amy Acker), Shaw goes to a self-esteem seminar where she runs into Reese, who was given the same address at the exact time. They leave the seminar but a payphone rings. Reese answers and is given a new number.

Reese meets with Finch in a park and reveals the number belongs to Ali Hasan (Navid Negahban). Finch refuses to cooperate with the Machine after its order to kill McCourt and tells Reese to avoid the numbers as Samaritan will find them. Reese still decides to follow Hasan, who owns an electronics shop. He sees that Hasan is connected to a gang named "The Brotherhood", who asked Hasan to set up a network between them. After meeting with a representative of the Brotherhood named Lincoln "Link" Cordell (Jamie Hector) and giving him a burner phone, Hasan is revealed to have sent a bomb detonation code to Link's cellphone. Reese hijacks Link's car and takes out his cellphone before it explodes.

Reese and Fusco (Kevin Chapman) question Hasan when he realizes that his plan failed. They return to the shop to find it trashed and his son Ben missing. The Brotherhood contacts Hasan and tells him to get the network set up by midnight or they will kill Ben. Reese confronts some of The Brotherhood's dealers but is knocked out by Shaw, who tells him that they can't get involved in this. Reese then decides to visit Elias (Enrico Colantoni) for help in intercepting a shipment of heroin from The Brotherhood.

Finch decides to help Hasan in setting up the network and finds that Hasan has developed a covert communications network using old VHF television antennas laced throughout the five boroughs of New York, making it invisible to Samaritan. He then gives Reese one of the phones that uses Hasan's network. Elias' henchman, Scarface (David Valcin) rams one of The Brotherhood's SUVs. Reese enters the house where the heroin and Ben are held while Shaw eliminates many of The Brotherhood from a different house. Link tries to escape with Ben but Reese subdues him just as the police arrives but Reese covers everything as part of an operation. Rousseau arrives at the scene posing as a DHS agent and does not believe in the reported story of the police.

Finch meets with Reese and gives him Hasan's network so they can avoid Samaritan. For his actions, Reese is promoted to Homicide and partnered with Fusco, being assigned to Carter's old desk. Shaw decides to accept a date with someone who constantly sent her notifications on an app. At a café, she finds that the man, Romeo, wants her to work with him on a gang operation, which she accepts. Finch reviews his corrected thesis and finds that the letters marked are from a code. The codes lead him to a library for a specific book and finally arriving at an underground hideout, using a forgotten Interborough Rapid Transit Company station.

## Reception

### Viewers

In its original American broadcast, "Panopticon" was seen by an estimated 10.58 million household viewers and gained a 1.7/5 ratings share among adults aged 18–49, according to Nielsen Media Research. This means that 1.7 percent of all households with televisions watched the episode, while 5 percent of all households watching television at that time watched it. This was a 4% decrease in viewership from the previous episode, which was watched by 10.95 million viewers with a 1.9/6 in the 18-49 demographics. It was also a 15% decrease in viewership from the previous season premiere, which was watched by 12.44 million viewers with a 2.3/6 in the 18-49 demographics. With these ratings, *Person of Interest* was the third most watched show on CBS for the night, behind *NCIS: New Orleans* and *NCIS*, third on its timeslot and seventh for the night in the 18-49 demographics, behind *Forever*, *Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.*, *NCIS: New Orleans*, *Chicago Fire*, *NCIS*, and *The Voice*.

With Live +7 DVR factored in, the episode was watched by 15.44 million viewers with a 2.9 in the 18-49 demographics.

### Critical reviews

"Panopticon" received positive reviews from critics. Matt Fowler of *IGN* gave the episode a "great" 8.3 out of 10 rating and wrote in his verdict, "'Panopticon' lifted our heroes up out of their 'secret identity' ashes in order to get them to a place where they could secretly save lives again. With odes to both Batman and *Lost*, the premiere provided plenty of action, humor, and intrigue while turning Reese into the mission's default cheerleader. There's still a 'comedown' effect in place given the way last season wrapped up, and it might take a while for the danger to grow again, but it's off to a good start. Again, our vigilantes aren't in any position to take on Samaritan, just save 'numbers.'"

Alexa Planje of *The A.V. Club* gave the episode a "B+" grade and wrote, "An ambitious season finale is a tough act to follow, and 'Panopticon' seems safer and more tepid in comparison. While *Person of Interest* should never try to be something it isn't, it could use a little of the audacity demonstrated by the season premiere of Sleepy Hollow, a young and hungry show at this stage in the game."

Sean McKenna of *TV Fanatic* gave the episode a 4.4 star rating out of 5 and wrote "*Person of Interest* is moving itself right along on its new chapter, providing a thrilling, action packed premiere that reiterates why the series is 'can't miss TV'. Glad to see the show still has plenty of charm, intrigue, drama and is just plain fun to watch."

## InfoBox

| "**Panopticon**" | |
| --- | --- |
| *Person of Interest* episode | |
| Episode no. | Season 4<br>Episode 1 |
| Directed by | Richard J. Lewis |
| Written by | Erik Mountain & Greg Plageman |
| Featured music | Ramin Djawadi |
| Cinematography by | David Insley |
| Editing by | Mark Conte |
| Production code | 3J5401 |
| Original air date | September 23, 2014 (2014-09-23) |
| Running time | 43 minutes |
| Guest appearances | |
|  | |
|
|


title: Oat beta-glucan

abstract: Oat β-glucans are water-soluble β-glucans derived from the endosperm of oat kernels known for their dietary contribution as components of soluble fiber. Due to their property to lower serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and potentially reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, oat β-glucans have been assigned a qualified health claim by the European Food Safety Authority and the US Food and Drug Administration.

text:
# Oat beta-glucan

**Oat β-glucans** are water-soluble β-glucans derived from the endosperm of oat kernels known for their dietary contribution as components of soluble fiber. Due to their property to lower serum total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and potentially reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, oat β-glucans have been assigned a qualified health claim by the European Food Safety Authority and the US Food and Drug Administration.

## History

Oat products have been used for centuries for medicinal and cosmetic purposes; however, the specific role of β-glucan was not explored until the 20th century. β-glucans were first discovered in lichens, and shortly thereafter in barley. After joining Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada in 1969, Peter J Wood played an instrumental role in isolating and characterizing the structure and bioactive properties of oat β-glucan. A public interest in oat β-glucan arose after its cholesterol lowering effect was reported in 1984.

In 1997, after reviewing 33 clinical studies performed over the previous decades, the FDA approved the claim that intake of at least 3 g of β-glucan from oats per day "as part of a diet low in saturated fat and cholesterol, may reduce the risk of heart disease." This marked the first time a public health agency claimed dietary intervention can actually help prevent disease. This health claim mobilized a dietary movement as physicians and dietitians for the first time could recommend intake of a specific food to directly combat disease. Since then, oat consumption has continued to gain traction in disease prevention with noted effects on ischemic heart disease and stroke prevention, but also in other areas like BMI reduction, blood pressure lowering and highly corroborated evidence for reduced blood serum cholesterol.

## Structural properties

Cereal β-glucans – including β-glucan from oat, barley and wheat – are linear polysaccharides joined by 1,3 and 1,4 carbon linkages. The majority of cereal β-glucan bonds consist of 3 or 4 beta-1,4 glycosidic bonds (trimers and tetramers) interconnected by 1,3 linkages. In β-glucan, these trimers and tetramers are known as cellotriosyl and cellotetraosyl. Oats and barley differ in the ratio of cellotriosyl to cellotetraosyl, and barley has more 1-4 linkages with a degree of polymerization higher than 4. In oats, β-glucan is found mainly in the endosperm of the oat kernel, especially in the outer layers of that endosperm (a marked difference from barley, which contains β-glucan uniformly throughout the endosperm).

Most oats contain 3–6% β-glucan by weight. Oats can be selectively bred based on favourable β-glucan levels. Often millers only process oat cultivars with at least 4% by weight β-glucan. Oat β-glucans are linear and linked at the 1,3 and 1,4 carbon sites.

Oat β-glucans can form into a random coil structure and flow with Newtonian behaviour until they reach a critical concentration at which point they become pseudoplastic. The gelling ability of oat β-glucan correlates to the percentage of trimers.

## Extraction

β-glucan extraction from oat can be difficult due to tendency of depolymerization – which often occurs in high pH. Thus β-glucan extraction is usually performed under a more neutral pH and generally at temperatures of 60-100 degrees Celsius. Usually β-glucan is solubilized in the extraction process with residual starch, which is then removed by hydrolysis with alpha-amylase. The residual solution usually contains coextracts of hemicelluloses and proteins which can then be separated through selective precipitation. Through wet milling, sieving, and solvent-extraction, oat beta-glucans can achieve up to 95% extraction purity.

## Viscosity of oat β-glucan

In oats, β-glucan makes up the majority of the soluble fibre; however, oat β-glucans do become insoluble above a certain concentration. The total viscosity is determined by the level of solubility, the molecular weight, and the trimer-to-tetramer ratio. The lower the trimer-tetramer ratio, the higher the β-glucan viscosity in solution. A more viscous internal β-glucan solution generally leads to beneficial physiological effects – including a more pronounced hypoglycemic effect and lowered cholesterol levels, and a decrease in postprandial blood glucose levels.

## Physiological effects

### As fermentable fiber

In the diet, β-glucans are a source of soluble, fermentable fiber  also called *prebiotic fiber*  which provides a substrate for microbiota within the large intestine, increasing fecal bulk and producing short-chain fatty acids as byproducts with wide-ranging physiological activities. This fermentation impacts the expression of many genes within the large intestine, which further affects digestive function and cholesterol and glucose metabolism, as well as the immune system and other systemic functions.

### Cholesterol

In 1997, the FDA recognized the cholesterol lowering effect of oat β-glucan. In Europe, several health claim requests were submitted to the EFSA NDA Panel (Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies), related to the role of β-glucans in maintenance of normal blood cholesterol concentrations and maintenance or achievement of a normal body weight. In July 2009, the Scientific Committee issued the following statements:

* On the basis of the data available, the Panel concludes that a cause-and-effect relationship has been established between the consumption of beta-glucans and the "reduction of blood cholesterol concentrations."
* The following wording reflects the scientific evidence: "Regular consumption of beta-glucans contributes to maintenance of normal blood cholesterol concentrations." In order to bear the claim, foods should provide at least 3 g/d of beta-glucans from oats, oat bran, barley, barley bran, or mixtures of non-processed or minimally processed beta-glucans in one or more servings. The target population is adults with normal or mildly elevated blood cholesterol concentrations.

In November 2011, the EU Commission published its decision in favour of oat beta-glucans with regard to Article 14 of the EC Regulation on the labelling of foodstuffs with nutrition and health claim statements permitting oat beta-glucan to be described as beneficial to health. Following the opinion of the Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) the EFSA and the Regulation (EU) no. 1160/2011 of the Commission, foodstuffs through which 3 g/day of oat beta-glucan are consumed (1 g of oat beta-glucan per portion) are allowed to display the following health claim: "Oat beta-glucan reduces the cholesterol level in the blood. The lowering of the blood cholesterol level can reduce the risk of coronary heart disease."

β-glucan lowers cholesterol in part by increasing the viscosity of digesta in the small intestine, although cholesterol reduction is greater in those with higher total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol in their blood. Additionally, studies suggest that it increases the activity of CYP7A1, a key enzyme in the synthesis of bile acids, thus increasing the excretion of cholesterol, and that it may have additional anti-atherogenic mechanisms. The degree of cholesterol reduction depends upon the particular strain of β-glucan in a range between a molecular weights of 26.8 and 3000 kD. Although more viscous β-glucans result in a more viscous solution of intestinal digesta, and thus more cholesterol uptake, after a certain molecular weight, β-glucans become less soluble and thus contribute less to solution viscosity. The intake of β-glucan in liquid form generally results in greater solubilization and oat β-glucan is more effective at lowering cholesterol in juices than in hard foods like bread and cookies. Despite the recognized impact of viscosity on serum cholesterol levels, no current data exists comparing internal solution viscosity and serum cholesterol.

Intake of oat β-glucan at daily amounts of at least 3 grams lowers total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels by 5 to 10% in people with normal or elevated blood cholesterol levels.

### Digestion

Throughout digestion, β-glucan alters the physical properties of digesta while chemicals in the digestive tract break down β-glucan, changing its composition. Fermentation of β-glucans by microbiote results in the production of short chain fatty acids and changes to gut microbes as well as the depolymerization and structural change of the original β-glucan. In the stomach, β-glucans swell and cause gastric distension – which is associated with the signal pathway of satiation – the feeling of fullness, leading to a decreased appetite. Studies demonstrating β-glucan's effect on delayed gastric emptying may differ due to variants in food combination, β-glucan dosage, and molecular weight, and variety of food source. In the small intestine, β-glucan may reduce starch digestibility and glucose uptake – significant in the reduction of postprandial glucose levels.

Oat β-glucans have a prebiotic effect where they selectively stimulate growth of specific strands of microbes in the colon, where the particular microbe stimulated depends on the degree of polymerization of the β-glucan. Specifically, Lactobacillus and Enterococcus are stimulated by all oat β-glucan while Bifidobacterium bacteria also stimulated by oat β-glucan oligosaccharides. Soluble β-glucan increases stool weight through the increase in microbial cells in the colon.

### Blood glucose

Postprandial blood glucose levels become lower after consumption of a meal containing β-glucan as a result of increased gut viscosity, which delays gastric emptying and lengthens travel through the small intestine. In one review, the net decrease in blood glucose absorption reduced postprandial blood insulin concentrations, improving insulin sensitivity. A 2021 meta-analysis of clinical trials concluded that oat beta-glucan with molecular weights greater than 300 kg/mol reduced incremental area-under-the-curve by 23%, peak blood glucose by 28%, and insulin by 22% in a dose-responsive fashion, with similar results in participants with or without diabetes. Diabetic people who increased their daily consumption of beta-glucans by more than 3 grams per day for months also lost body weight.

### Cosmetics

β-glucan is used in a variety of creams, ointments and powders with potential to affect collagen production and skin disorders.

### Wound healing and immunomodulation

In preliminary research, oat β-glucan is being studied for its potential immunomodulatory effects, antitumour properties, and stimulation of collagen deposition, tissue granulation, reepithelization, and macrophage infiltration in the wound healing process.


title: Otto Nieminen

abstract: Otto Nieminen is a Finnish ice hockey player. He is currently signed to UK Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL) side Nottingham Panthers. Nieminen made his Liiga debut playing with HC TPS during the 2014–15 season.

text:
# Otto Nieminen

**Otto Nieminen** (born 8 May 1996) is a Finnish ice hockey player. He is currently signed to UK Elite Ice Hockey League (EIHL) side Nottingham Panthers.

Nieminen made his Liiga debut playing with HC TPS during the 2014–15 season.

## Career statistics

### Regular season and playoffs

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |

## InfoBox

| Otto Nieminen | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Otto Nieminen | | | |
| Born | (1996-05-08) 8 May 1996
Somero, Finland | | |
| Height | 5 ft 9 in (175 cm) | | |
| Weight | 176 lb (80 kg; 12 st 8 lb) | | |
| Position | Right Wing | | |
| Shoots | Left | | |
| EIHL team
Former teams | *Nottingham Panthers*
HC TPS
SaPKo
TUTO Hockey
Lahti Pelicans
FPS
HK Spišská Nová Ves
Odense Bulldogs | | |
| NHL draft | Undrafted | | |
| Playing career | 2014present | | |


title: V. M. Kutty

abstract:
Vadakkumgara Mohammed Kutty was an Indian Mappilapattu singer, writer and composer. Also known as the Sultan of Mappilapattu, he is often credited with having performed Mappila songs on stage for the first time in 1957. Kutty was known to be one of the most popular figures among mainstream Mappilapattu singers. He had also proven talent as a lyricist. Kutty played a major role in popularizing the Mappilappattu genre through experimenting with the traditional music stream.
He was a member of Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi, Kerala State Chalachitra Academy, Kerala Lalithakala Akademi and Maha Kavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Smarakam. He was the vice chairman of Kerala Folklore Academy. He has also served as an honorary secretary to the Institute of Mappila Studies. He won Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award under the category Keraleeya Kalakal in 1997. He received Kerala Folklore Academy fellowship in 2017. He was conferred with an honorary doctorate (D.Litt) by Thunchath Ezhuthachan Malayalam University.

text:
# V. M. Kutty

**Vadakkumgara Mohammed Kutty** (known as **V. M. Kutty**; 16 April 1935 – 13 October 2021) was an Indian Mappilapattu singer, writer and composer. Also known as the *Sultan of Mappilapattu*, he is often credited with having performed Mappila songs on stage for the first time in 1957.

Kutty was known to be one of the most popular figures among mainstream Mappilapattu singers. He had also proven talent as a lyricist. Kutty played a major role in popularizing the Mappilappattu genre through experimenting with the traditional music stream. He was a member of Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi, Kerala State Chalachitra Academy, Kerala Lalithakala Akademi and Maha Kavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Smarakam. He was the vice chairman of Kerala Folklore Academy. He has also served as an honorary secretary to the Institute of Mappila Studies.

He won Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award under the category *Keraleeya Kalakal* in 1997. He received Kerala Folklore Academy fellowship in 2017. He was conferred with an honorary doctorate (D.Litt) by Thunchath Ezhuthachan Malayalam University.

## Early life

V. M. Kutty was born in Pulikkal, a village near Kondotty in old Malabar District of Madras Presidency (present-day Malappuram district, Kerala) to Vadakkumgara Unnein Musaliyar and Ithachukutty on April 16, 1935. He completed his schooling from AMM Lower Primary School, Pulikkal and Government Model Upper Primary School, Kondotty. After passing matriculation from Government Ganapath Vocational Higher Secondary School, Feroke and TTC from Seva Mandir Post Basic Higher Secondary School, Ramanattukara, he began his career as a teacher at AM Lower Primary School in Kolathur in 1957 and then becomes the headmaster but left the job in 1985 to pursue his passion for singing.

Kutty had imbibed the first music lessons from his paternal uncle Unneen and aunt Pandikasala Ottappilakkal Fathimakutty. For Kerala’s Muslim women, it was compulsory to learn the songs written in Arabi Malayalam. It was Fathimakutty who initiated Kutty into the world of Mappilappattu.

## Career

Mappilapattu are rooted in the folk tradition of Kerala’s Muslim community. The songs were traditionally sung in the households of Muslims of Eranad in connection with occasions such as birth, marriage and death. Kutty was reportedly the first to popularise the songs outside the community and sung them at public events. Kutty began his Mappilapattu career by singing for All India Radio, Kozhikode in 1954.

Kutty formed a music group exclusively for Mappilapattu songs in 1957, *Kutty's Orchestra*. It was through Kutty's troupe that many women artistes made their stage debut. And one among them was Vilayil Faseela. She joined the troupe in 1970 and the troupe went to known as *VM Kutty-Vilayil Faseela Group*, due to the duos popularity.

In 1962, Kutty recorded few of his songs and released it through HMV as gramophone record. Kutty conducted performances across Kerala and major cities of India. With the Gulf migration from Kerala picking up pace in the 1980s, his music programmes were much in demand there. The VM Kutty-Vilayil Faseela pair becomes superhit. When his first gramophone records of folk songs became a hit, he followed it up with numerous music cassettes.

He penned lyrics for Malayalam movies *Mark Antony* and *Poovalliyum Kunjadum*. He had written around a dozen books on Mappilapattu and its history and cultural and literary traditions. He had composed music for many folk songs, was playback singer for seven movies and also acted in movies *Ulpathi*, *Pathinalaam Raavu* and *Paradesi*. Kutty has composed songs for the Yesudas' Tharangini mappila songs albums *Mylanchi Pattukal Vol. 1* (1984) which includes his most popular composition *Samkrutha Pamagari* and *Mylanchi Pattukal Vol. 3* (1986).

## Personal life

V. M. Kutty married Amina and they had eight children. After the demise of Amina he married Sulfath.

## Death

V. M. Kutty died at the age of 86 on 13 October 2021 at Kozhikode. He was under treatment for heart-related ailments. The funeral was held at the Pulikkal Juma Masjid buriyal ground after the body was kept for public homage at Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Mappila Kala Academy.

## InfoBox

| V. M. Kutty | |
| --- | --- |
| V. M. Kutty performing in 2012 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Vadakkumgara Mohammed Kutty |
| Born | (1935-04-16)April 16, 1935
Pulikkal, Malabar District, Madras Presidency, British India (present-day Malappuram, Kerala, India) |
| Died | October 13, 2021(2021-10-13) (aged 86)
Kozhikode, Kerala, India |
| Genres | Mappila songs |
| Occupations | Singer, songwriter, composer, teacher |
| Years active | 1954–2021 |
| Labels |  |
| Spouse(s) | Amina
Sulfath |


title: Leigos para o Desenvolvimento

abstract: Leigos para o Desenvolvimento is a Non-governmental organization (NGO) that assists people in their integral development. It was founded in 1986 under the auspices of the Jesuits in Lisbon, Portugal, and grew from assisting people in former Portuguese colonies to a wider mission abroad and in Portugal.

text:
# Leigos para o Desenvolvimento

**Leigos para o Desenvolvimento** (*Lay Association for Development*) is a Non-governmental organization (NGO) that assists people in their integral development. It was founded in 1986 under the auspices of the Jesuits in Lisbon, Portugal, and grew from assisting people in former Portuguese colonies to a wider mission abroad and in Portugal.

## History

In 1984, António Vaz Pinto of the Society of Jesus took his experience at the Jesuit University Center Manuel da Nóbrega (CUMN) at the University of Coimbra to Lisbon and founded Padre António Vieira University Center (CUPAV). With students from CUMN, he founded Leigos para o Desenvolvimento (LD) in 1986.

In its thirty-first year, LD had 14 volunteers in Africa, working in education, training and employment, and community development. Its volunteers are in Angola, Mozambique, Sao Tome, Principe, and Portugal.

38°46′27.23″N 9°9′32.76″W / 38.7742306°N 9.1591000°W / 38.7742306; -9.1591000

## InfoBox

Leigos para o Desenvolvimento – LD
|
|  |
| Abbreviation | LD |
| Established | 1986 (1986) |
| Headquarters | Estrada da Torre, n.º 26, 1750-296, Lisbon, Portugal |
| Affiliations | Jesuits, Catholic |
| Website | LD |