title: Microtheoris ophionalis

abstract: Microtheoris ophionalis, the yellow-veined moth, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is found from southern Canada, through the United States and Mexico to South America. The length of the forewings 5.5–7 mm. Adults are on wing from May to October in the northern part of the range.

text:
# Microtheoris ophionalis

***Microtheoris ophionalis***, the **yellow-veined moth**, is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Francis Walker in 1859. It is found from southern Canada, through the United States and Mexico to South America.

The length of the forewings 5.5–7 mm. Adults are on wing from May to October in the northern part of the range.

## Subspecies

* *Microtheoris ophionalis ophionalis*
* *Microtheoris ophionalis baboquivariensis* Munroe, 1961 (Arizona)
* *Microtheoris ophionalis eremica* Munroe, 1961 (Texas)
* *Microtheoris ophionalis lacustris* Munroe, 1961 (Ontario)
* *Microtheoris ophionalis occidentalis* Munroe, 1961 (British Columbia)

## InfoBox

| *Microtheoris ophionalis* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Crambidae |
| Genus: | *Microtheoris* |
| Species: | ***M. ophionalis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Microtheoris ophionalis***<br>(Walker, 1859) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Botis sesquialteralis* Zeller, 1873 * *Botis nasonialis* Zeller, 1873 | |


title: Mike King (politician)

abstract: Michael William King is a former politician who served as Head of Government of the Australian territory of Norfolk Island from 1994 until 1997. King became Head of Government following the 1994 election, serving in the role until the end of the Assembly's three-year term in 1997. He also led the Norfolk Island Labor Party, serving as Opposition Leader at different stages, although the party appears to have faded away sometime after 2015. King did not seek re-election in 2013, and Norfolk Labor appears to have faded away sometime after 2015.

text:
# Mike King (politician)

**Michael William King** is a former politician who served as Head of Government of the Australian territory of Norfolk Island from 1994 until 1997.

King became Head of Government following the 1994 election, serving in the role until the end of the Assembly's three-year term in 1997. He also led the Norfolk Island Labor Party, serving as Opposition Leader at different stages, although the party appears to have faded away sometime after 2015.

King did not seek re-election in 2013, and Norfolk Labor appears to have faded away sometime after 2015.

## InfoBox

| Mike KingMLA | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Head of Government of Norfolk Island | |
| **In office**
4 May 1994  5 May 1997 | |
| Preceded by | John Brown |
| Succeeded by | George Smith |
| Leader of the Opposition of Norfolk Island | |
| **In office**
*unknown*  13 March 2013 | |
| Leader of the Norfolk Island Labor Party | |
| **In office**
*unknown**unknown* | |
| Member of the Norfolk Island Legislative Assembly | |
| **In office**
*unknown*  13 March 2013 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Labor |
|  | |


title: Mike King (transportation executive)

abstract: Mike King is an American businessman and former Kansas Secretary of Transportation. Originally from Hesston, Kansas, King owned King Enterprise Group, a central Kansas construction company, for more than 20 years. He sold the company in 2012 after being named Secretary of Transportation. Secretary King earned a degree in building construction from John Brown University in 1981. King led the Kansas Department of Transportation and its 2,400 employees after being named Secretary of Transportation by Governor Sam Brownback in March 2012, officially taking office on April 2, 2012. His duties expanded in July 2013 when he also became the Director of the Kansas Turnpike Authority (KTA). Safety and support of economic development initiatives were his priorities during his tenure as secretary. As a member of the Governor's Growth Team, the secretary worked closely with other state agencies to help Kansas seize economic opportunities. As KTA Director, Secretary King's goals were to grow ridership, improve customer service and facilitate regional electronic tolling interoperability. In August 2014, Secretary King was elected to a one-year term as president of the Mid America Association of State Transportation Officials (MAASTO). As head of the 10-state consortium, Secretary King focused on the seamless, state-to-state movement of freight in the region. King left office on July 15, 2016 and was succeeded by Interim Secretary Richard Carlson, a former Kansas State Representative. He and his wife, Peggy, have four children.

text:
# Mike King (transportation executive)

**Mike King** is an American businessman and former Kansas Secretary of Transportation.

Originally from Hesston, Kansas, King owned King Enterprise Group, a central Kansas construction company, for more than 20 years. He sold the company in 2012 after being named Secretary of Transportation. Secretary King earned a degree in building construction from John Brown University in 1981.

King led the Kansas Department of Transportation and its 2,400 employees after being named Secretary of Transportation by Governor Sam Brownback in March 2012, officially taking office on April 2, 2012. His duties expanded in July 2013 when he also became the Director of the Kansas Turnpike Authority (KTA).

Safety and support of economic development initiatives were his priorities during his tenure as secretary. As a member of the Governor's Growth Team, the secretary worked closely with other state agencies to help Kansas seize economic opportunities.

As KTA Director, Secretary King's goals were to grow ridership, improve customer service and facilitate regional electronic tolling interoperability.

In August 2014, Secretary King was elected to a one-year term as president of the Mid America Association of State Transportation Officials (MAASTO). As head of the 10-state consortium, Secretary King focused on the seamless, state-to-state movement of freight in the region.

King left office on July 15, 2016 and was succeeded by Interim Secretary Richard Carlson, a former Kansas State Representative.

He and his wife, Peggy, have four children.

* McCoy, Daniel (July 13, 2012). "Mike King brings experience to bear as new head of KDOT". *Wichita Business Journal*. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
* "Mike King bio". *Kansas Department of Transportation*. January 1, 2015. Retrieved January 1, 2015.
* "KDOT Secretary Mike King resigns". *Lawrence Journal World*. June 29, 2015. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
* Carpenter, Tim (June 29, 2015). "Kansas transportation secretary Mike King to step down in Mid-July". *Topeka Capital-Journal*. Retrieved July 15, 2016.

## InfoBox

| Mike King | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Kansas Secretary of Transportation | |
| **In office**<br>April 2, 2012  July 15, 2016 | |
| Governor | Sam Brownback |
| Preceded by | Barb Rankin (acting) |
| Succeeded by | Richard Carlson |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Hesston, Kansas |
| Political party | Republican |
| Spouse | Peggy King |
| Children | 4 |
| Residence | Hesston, Kansas |
| Alma mater | John Brown University |
| Occupation | Businessman |
|  | |


title: Mie Prefectural Assembly

abstract: Mie Prefectural Assembly The Mie Prefectural Assembly is the prefectural parliament of Mie. Its 51 members are elected every four years in 17 districts by single non-transferable vote (SNTV). 15 electoral districts are multi-member districts, two are single-member district where SNTV becomes equivalent to First-past-the-post voting. The assembly is responsible for enacting and amending prefectural ordinances, approving the budget and voting on important administrative appointments made by the governor including the vice-governors.

text:
# Mie Prefectural Assembly

The **Mie Prefectural Assembly** (三重県議会, *Mie-kengikai*) is the prefectural parliament of Mie.

Its 51 members are elected every four years in 17 districts by single non-transferable vote (SNTV). 15 electoral districts are multi-member districts, two are single-member district where SNTV becomes equivalent to First-past-the-post voting.

The assembly is responsible for enacting and amending prefectural ordinances, approving the budget and voting on important administrative appointments made by the governor including the vice-governors.

## Current composition

The last elections were held in the unified local elections in April 2011, at the same time when centre-right (LDP, Kōmeitō, YP) supported Eikei Suzuki narrowly beat DPJ-supported Naohisa Matsuda in the Mie gubernatorial election. In the assembly election, the Liberal Democratic Party remained strongest party, but the Democratic-Social Democratic group *Shinsei Mie* ("Renewal Mie") emerged as strongest force. The Japanese Communist Party lost all its seats in 2011.

As of April 30, 2011, the assembly was composed as follows:

| Composition of the Mie Prefectural Assembly | |
| --- | --- |
| Parliamentary group | Seats |
| Shinsei Mie ("Renewal Mie" of Democrats, Social Democrats and independents) | 24 |
| Jimin Mirai ("LibDem Future" of Liberal Democrats and independents) | 21 |
| Yōzan (a group of conservative independents – according to a member, the group name is derived from Uesugi Yōzan) | 3 |
| Kōmeitō | 2 |
| Minna no Tō (Your Party) | 1 |
| **Total** (including vacant seats) | **51** |

## Electoral districts

As in all prefectures, most electoral districts correspond to current cities and former counties (while the counties were abolished as administrative unit in 1921, cities and counties had initially by definition served as electoral districts for prefectural assemblies in the Empire).

| Electoral districts | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| District | Municipalities | Magnitude |
| Tsu City | Tsu City | 7 |
| Yokkaichi City | Yokkaichi City | 7 |
| Ise City | Ise City | 4 |
| Matsusaka City | Matsusaka City | 4 |
| Kuwana City/Kuwana County | Kuwana City
Kisosaki Town | 4 |
| Suzuka City | Suzuka City | 4 |
| Nabari City | Nabari City | 2 |
| Owase City/Kita-Muro (North Muro) County | Owase City
Kihoku Town | 2 |
| Kameyama City | Kameyama City | 1 |
| Toba City | Toba City | 1 |
| Kumano City/Minami-Muro (South Muro) County | Kumano City
Mihama Town
Kihō Town | 2 |
| Inabe City/Inabe County | Inabe City
Tōin Town | 2 |
| Shima City | Shima City | 2 |
| Iga City | Iga City | 3 |
| Mie County | Komono Town
Asahi Town
Kawagoe Town | 2 |
| Taki County | Taki Town
Meiwa Town
Ōdai Town | 2 |
| Watarai County | Tamaki Town
Watarai Town
Taiki Town
Minamiise Town | 2 |

1. Mie Prefectural Assembly: 県議会の沿革 \> 議会年表
2. Mie Prefectural Assembly: Parliamentary groups, Members by parliamentary group (in Japanese)
3. Official website of assembly member Yutaka Higashi, May 2, 2011: 会派の名前は、鷹山（ようざん）に決まりました。
4. Mie Prefectural Assembly: Members by district Archived 2011-03-25 at the Wayback Machine
5. Mie electoral commission: Prefectural electoral districts

## InfoBox

| Mie Prefectural Assembly
三重県議会
Mie Kengikai | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Type | |
| Type | Unicameral |
| History | |
| Founded | 1878 (1878)
(first elected and convened in 1879) |
| Leadership | |
| President (*gichō*) | Norikazu Yamamoto, Liberal Democratic Party |
| Vice President (*fuku-gichō*) | Hiroyuki Funahashi, Democratic Party (Japan, 2016) |
| Seats | 51 assembly members |
| Elections | |
| Voting system | Single non-transferable vote |
| Last election | 2011 |
| Meeting place | |
|  | |
| Website | |
| http://www.pref.mie.lg.jp/KENGIKAI/ | |


title: Middleton Island

abstract: Middleton Island is an island in the U.S. state of Alaska, located in the Pacific Ocean approximately 80 miles (130 km) southwest of Cordova. Most of the acreage on the island is owned by Chugach Alaska Corporation, a for-profit corporation. The island is also home of the unattended 200-acre (81 ha) Middleton Island Airport and NEXRAD weather radar (FAA), and the privately owned 182-acre (74 ha) Middleton Island Marine Biological Station with researchers resident year-round. A World War II-era American transport ship beached on the island in 1942 where the wreck is still intact. The island was briefly home to Middleton Island Air Force Station, an early warning radar station, from 1958 until the station's closure in 1963. During the 1964 Alaska earthquake the island rose an additional 12 feet (3.7 m) above sea level expanding its acreage by about 45%.

text:
# Middleton Island

**Middleton Island** is an island in the U.S. state of Alaska, located in the Pacific Ocean approximately 80 miles (130 km) southwest of Cordova. Most of the acreage on the island is owned by Chugach Alaska Corporation, a for-profit corporation. The island is also home of the unattended 200-acre (81 ha) Middleton Island Airport and NEXRAD weather radar (FAA), and the privately owned 182-acre (74 ha) Middleton Island Marine Biological Station with researchers resident year-round.

A World War II-era American transport ship beached on the island in 1942 where the wreck is still intact. The island was briefly home to Middleton Island Air Force Station, an early warning radar station, from 1958 until the station's closure in 1963. During the 1964 Alaska earthquake the island rose an additional 12 feet (3.7 m) above sea level expanding its acreage by about 45%.

## Natural history

The island is thought to be only about 5,000 years old, having formed recently due to a continental shelf area that is subject to tectonic uplift. During the 1964 Alaska earthquake, the second largest earthquake ever recorded on earth, the island rose an additional 12 feet (3.7 m) above sea level, converting submerged seafloor into new land and estuary, in the process expanding the size of the island from approximately 2,200 to 3,200 acres (890 to 1,290 ha), or 45%. The new land continues to evolve through longshore deposition, sedimentation, and plant succession.

According to the Institute for Seabird Research and Conservation:

Driven partly by changes wrought by the earthquake and partly by large-scale oceanographic factors, bird populations on Middleton are more dynamic than possibly anywhere else in Alaska. The island hosts substantial numbers of kittiwakes, cormorants, gulls, murres and puffins, but no species is stable–huge fluctuations, both up and down, have occurred since regular monitoring began in the 1970s.

The seabird population has risen and fallen dramatically ("bird populations on Middleton are dynamic"). The explanations for this include changes in the landscape brought by the 1964 earthquake which reduced the sea-edge cliff habitat; changes in food availability caused by natural and man-made factors (warmer years correlate with less food availability); a significant increase in the bald eagle predator population.

The island has a feral population of rabbits since the 1950s. The rabbits provide food for eagles and owls during the winter, but the population rebounds in the summer. There are no other naturally occurring mammals on or near the island, other than seals, sea lions, the occasional sea otter, and several species of whales.

## Cultural history

The island was historically used seasonally by Chugach and Eyak Indians. The earliest known permanent inhabitants were settlers in the fox-farming industry during the late 1890s through the 1920s. During World War II, the U.S. Coast Guard built a small communications station on the island, the first of successive U.S. Government operations to follow, including the Civil Aeronautics Administration, U.S. Air Force (Middleton Island Air Force Station), Federal Aviation Administration (Middleton Island Airport), and various wildlife and land management agencies.

Most of the acreage on the island is owned by Chugach Alaska Corporation, one of 13 Alaska Native regional corporations in the state. The Federal Aviation Administration retains some 200 hundred acres in support of radar installations for weather and air traffic monitoring. The privately owned biological station (182 acres) is the other substantial holding.

## Middleton Island Marine Biological Station

Middleton Island Marine Biological Station studies seabirds and is located on 182 acres (74 ha) in and around the former Middleton Island Air Force Station. Researchers live on the island year round, plus visiting students and researchers. It is owned and managed by the Institute for Seabird Research and Conservation, it is the non-profit's primary holding and mission. Field operations are funded in part by Gulf Watch Alaska (Exxon-Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council) and receive funding mainly through a cooperative agreement with the U.S. Geological Survey. Middleton Island has the longest running time series of seabird monitoring of any Alaska breeding site. It began in 1956, in anticipation of the Airforce base that would be built in 1958, when researcher Robert Rausch conducted the first floral and faunal survey of the island. As of 2024, the station reported between 2 and 12 researchers lived on the island year-round, the higher number in summer.

## SS *Coldbrook*

The SS *Coldbrook* was a Hog Islander merchant ship, built in 1919, that grounded off Middleton Island in 1942 after being chased ashore by a Japanese submarine, the captain choosing to beach the ship to save the lives of his crew. The ship could not be salvaged and remained battered in the surf. During the 1964 Alaska earthquake, the ground rose 12 feet (3.7 m), and the *Coldbrook* was left beached at high-tide and out of the pounding surf. The now 105-year-old rusting hull is home to thousands of nesting seabirds, which are studied by researchers at the Middleton Island Marine Biological Station.

## Climate

Middleton Island has a subpolar oceanic climate (Köppen: *Cfc*).

| Climate data for Middleton Island, Alaska | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 46
(8) | 46
(8) | 47
(8) | 51
(11) | 63
(17) | 67
(19) | 70
(21) | 72
(22) | 62
(17) | 59
(15) | 53
(12) | 46
(8) | 72
(22) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 43.0
(6.1) | 42.2
(5.7) | 43.7
(6.5) | 47.4
(8.6) | 53.7
(12.1) | 58.6
(14.8) | 63.0
(17.2) | 63.5
(17.5) | 59.1
(15.1) | 52.8
(11.6) | 47.3
(8.5) | 43.2
(6.2) | 65.4
(18.6) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 36.2
(2.3) | 36.2
(2.3) | 37.9
(3.3) | 42.1
(5.6) | 46.2
(7.9) | 51.4
(10.8) | 56.4
(13.6) | 57.8
(14.3) | 54.5
(12.5) | 47.3
(8.5) | 42.1
(5.6) | 37.6
(3.1) | 45.5
(7.5) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 33.3
(0.7) | 33.3
(0.7) | 34.9
(1.6) | 38.5
(3.6) | 42.9
(6.1) | 47.9
(8.8) | 52.8
(11.6) | 54.4
(12.4) | 51.1
(10.6) | 44.1
(6.7) | 39.3
(4.1) | 34.6
(1.4) | 42.2
(5.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 30.4
(−0.9) | 30.3
(−0.9) | 31.9
(−0.1) | 34.9
(1.6) | 39.5
(4.2) | 44.3
(6.8) | 49.2
(9.6) | 51.0
(10.6) | 47.7
(8.7) | 40.9
(4.9) | 36.5
(2.5) | 31.6
(−0.2) | 39.0
(3.9) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | 19.6
(−6.9) | 20.9
(−6.2) | 22.9
(−5.1) | 27.9
(−2.3) | 34.5
(1.4) | 40.3
(4.6) | 45.1
(7.3) | 46.3
(7.9) | 41.7
(5.4) | 34.1
(1.2) | 27.9
(−2.3) | 22.2
(−5.4) | 14.5
(−9.7) |
| Record low °F (°C) | 9
(−13) | 6
(−14) | 13
(−11) | 14
(−10) | 23
(−5) | 36
(2) | 42
(6) | 42
(6) | 36
(2) | 29
(−2) | 13
(−11) | 12
(−11) | 6
(−14) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 4.14
(105) | 3.40
(86) | 3.01
(76) | 3.39
(86) | 3.34
(85) | 2.22
(56) | 3.13
(80) | 5.18
(132) | 6.83
(173) | 7.35
(187) | 5.96
(151) | 5.17
(131) | 53.12
(1,349) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 6.8
(17) | 6.5
(17) | 6.0
(15) | 2.7
(6.9) | 0.1
(0.25) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.8
(2.0) | 2.0
(5.1) | 7.5
(19) | 32.4
(82) |
| Source: WRCC | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

## Citations

1. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Middleton Island
2. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Middleton Island (airport).
3. FAA Airport Form 5010 for MDO PDF. Federal Aviation Administration. Effective August 25, 2011.
4. "WSR-88D Radar List (156 sites)" (PDF). National Weather Service. June 27, 2011. Retrieved February 25, 2014.
5. "The Middleton Island Marine Biological Station". Retrieved 2024-04-29.
6. Fussell, E.B. (September 1, 1955). "Army Racing Winter in North". *Seattle Post-Intelligencer*. Retrieved February 25, 2014.
7. "Information for Middleton Island AFS, AK". Radomes, Inc. Retrieved February 25, 2014.
8. "U.S.S. Coldbrook-Middleton Island". National Geographic Society. March 7, 2010. Archived from the original on August 17, 2016. Retrieved July 24, 2016.
9. Peck-Richardson, Adam (March 19, 2021). "Middleton Island Video Tour". *Hatfield Marine Science Center*. Retrieved 2024-04-29  via YouTube.
10. U.S. Coast & Geodetic Survey (1947). *United States Coast Pilot Alaska Part II, Yakutat Bay to Arctic Ocean* (5th ed.). Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 90.
11. Plafker, George (1969). *Tectonics of the March 27, 1964, Alaska Earthquake*. Geological Survey Professional Paper No. 543-I. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. p. I-14.
12. "MIDDLETON ISLAND, ALASKA (505868)". Western Regional Climate Center. Archived from the original on 2023-05-18. Retrieved July 8, 2022.

59°26′N 146°20′W / 59.44°N 146.33°W / 59.44; -146.33


title: Middleton Junction railway station

abstract: Middleton Junction railway station was an early junction station on the Manchester and Leeds Railway, it opened when the branch to Oldham opened in 1842. The line through station site opened on 4 July 1839 when the Manchester and Leeds Railway (M&LR) opened a railway between Manchester Oldham Road and Littleborough, the first stage of its main line from Manchester to Leeds. Middleton Junction railway station opened as Oldham Junction on the 31 March 1842 when the M&LR opened the Middleton Junction and Oldham Branch between this new station on the main line and Oldham Werneth. On 11 August 1842 the station was renamed Middleton and in 1852 it started to appear in timetables as Middleton Junction. The station was located at Lane End in Chadderton, a former hamlet which later adopted the place-name Middleton Junction after the area expanded after the opening of the railway. The station site was immediately north of where Grimshaw Lane crossed the railway The station appears to have opened with three platforms, two either side of the mainline and one on the mainline side of the track of the sharply curved branch. The 1848 map shows a building and a few sidings located in the 'v' of the junction. The station was rebuilt in 1882 and by 1893 there were buildings on all what was now four platforms, two sidings in the 'v' of the junction and a goods yard with a shed to the south west of the mainline. The yard was able to handle livestock and was equipped with a two-ton crane. Further to the south and located on both sides of the main line was Middleton Junction Sidings. On 5 January 1857 the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) opened another branch, the Middleton Branch, heading westward immediately to the north of the mainline platforms. The branch had only one station its terminus at Middleton. On 12 August 1914 a goods and coal depot was opened at Chadderton. This was at the end of a 1,097-yard (1,003 m) long line which branched off the Oldham line approximately 400 yards (370 m) from Middleton Junction at Chadderton Junction. The line from Chadderton Junction to Oldham was closed to regular passengers in 1958 although some diverted services used it in 1960 and completely on 7 January 1963. The branch line to Middleton closed to passengers on 7 September 1964 and completely on 11 October 1965. The line through the site is still open but the station closed to passengers on 3 January 1966. The Chadderton goods and coal depot remained open and in use until 1988.

text:
# Middleton Junction railway station

Middleton Junction railway station was an early junction station on the Manchester and Leeds Railway, it opened when the branch to Oldham opened in 1842.

The line through station site opened on 4 July 1839 when the Manchester and Leeds Railway (M&LR) opened a railway between Manchester Oldham Road and Littleborough, the first stage of its main line from Manchester to Leeds.

**Middleton Junction railway station** opened as **Oldham Junction** on the 31 March 1842 when the M&LR opened the Middleton Junction and Oldham Branch between this new station on the main line and Oldham Werneth. On 11 August 1842 the station was renamed **Middleton** and in 1852 it started to appear in timetables as **Middleton Junction**.

The station was located at Lane End in Chadderton, a former hamlet which later adopted the place-name Middleton Junction after the area expanded after the opening of the railway. The station site was immediately north of where Grimshaw Lane (now the B6189) crossed the railway

The station appears to have opened with three platforms, two either side of the mainline and one on the mainline side of the track of the sharply curved branch. The 1848 map shows a building and a few sidings located in the 'v' of the junction.

The station was rebuilt in 1882 and by 1893 there were buildings on all what was now four platforms, two sidings in the 'v' of the junction and a goods yard with a shed to the south west of the mainline. The yard was able to handle livestock and was equipped with a two-ton crane. Further to the south and located on both sides of the main line was Middleton Junction Sidings.

On 5 January 1857 the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (L&YR) opened another branch, the Middleton Branch, heading westward immediately to the north of the mainline platforms. The branch had only one station its terminus at Middleton.

On 12 August 1914 a goods and coal depot was opened at Chadderton. This was at the end of a 1,097-yard (1,003 m) long line which branched off the Oldham line approximately 400 yards (370 m) from Middleton Junction at Chadderton Junction.

The line from Chadderton Junction to Oldham was closed to regular passengers in 1958 although some diverted services used it in 1960 and completely on 7 January 1963.

The branch line to Middleton closed to passengers on 7 September 1964 and completely on 11 October 1965.

The line through the site is still open but the station closed to passengers on 3 January 1966.

The Chadderton goods and coal depot remained open and in use until 1988 (the track was eventually lifted in September 1991).

1. Brown 2021, p. 90.
2. Hooper 1991.
3. Marshall 1970, p. 268.
4. Quick 2022, p. 314.
5. *Lancashire Sheet XCVI* (Map). Six-inch. Ordnance Survey. 1848.
6. Bairstow 2001, p. 68.
7. Marshall 1970, p. 16.
8. The Railway Clearing House 1970, p. 371.
9. *Lancashire XCVI.8* (Map). 25 inch to the mile. Ordnance Survey. 1893.
10. Grant 2017, p. 301.
11. Marshall 1970, p. 271.
12. Marshall 1970, pp. 38 & 278.
13. Marshall 1981, p. 145.
14. Jones, Chris (11 April 2013). "Rail doctor's medicine proved fatal for Middleton station". *Manchester Evening News*. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
15. "The history of Chadderton Goods and the trains that worked there". *Chadderton Goods Branch*. Retrieved 29 March 2016.

## Bibliography

| Preceding station | Historical railways | | | Following station |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Manchester Oldham Road
to 1844
Line and station closed
Miles Platting
1844–1853
Line open, station closed
Newton Heath
1853–1872
Line open, station closed
Moston
from 1872
Line and station open |  | L&YR
Middleton branch |  | Middleton
Line and station closed |
| |  | L&YR
Caldervale Line |  | Mills Hill
Line and station open |
| |  | L&YR
Middleton Junction and Oldham Branch |  | Oldham Werneth
Line and station closed |

| Oldham Lines |
| --- |
|  |
| Past, Present and Future |
|  |

## InfoBox

| Middleton Junction | |
| --- | --- |
| The site of the station looking north west from Grimshaw Lane. The southern end of the former platforms were just to the right of the bridge. | |
| General information | |
| Location | Oldham
England |
| Coordinates | 53°32′27″N 2°10′13″W / 53.5408°N 2.1704°W / 53.5408; -2.1704 |
| Grid reference | SD887048 |
| Platforms | 4 |
| Other information | |
| Status | Disused |
| History | |
| Original company | Manchester and Leeds Railway |
| Pre-grouping | Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway |
| Post-grouping | London, Midland and Scottish Railway |
| Key dates | |
| 31 March 1842 (1842-03-31) | Opened as Oldham Junction |
| 11 August 1842 | Renamed as Middleton |
| 1852 | Renamed as Middleton Junction |
| 3 January 1966 | Closed to passengers |
| 7 November 1966 | Closed for freight |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Miguel de Arruda

abstract: Miguel de Arruda was a Portuguese mestre de obras, architect and military engineer. He was the son of Francisco de Arruda and nephew of Diogo de Arruda, both famed Portuguese architects. Towards the end of the first third of the 16th century Miguel de Arruda was directing the works to expand the existing convent of the Order of Saint Augustine at Évora; by 1540 the new church, the Church of Nossa Senhora da Graça, was already being used as a place of worship. In 1532 he took over from João de Castilho as mestre de obras at Alcobaça Monastery. Around that time, Arruda built the main entrance to the Convent of Christ (Tomar) following the design by Castilho. In 1533 John III appointed him mestre de obras at Batalha Monastery, where Castilho had been working on repairs to the royal pantheon since 1528. which included expanding the convent to the east, with two new cloisters and a gatehouse. Between 1541 and 1542 Arruda was one of the architects, together with the Spanish-Portuguese master builder and architect João de Castilho and Diogo de Torralva, who were later joined by the Italian engineer Benedetto da Ravenna, and who worked on the Portuguese fortress at Mazagan, the present-day Moroccan port-city of El Jadida, and which was the first Portuguese fortified site with angular bastions. Indeed, Arruda has been considered as representing the "transition from the earlier design mindset of Benedetto da Ravenna's generation to that of the later sixteenth century", and in the case of the Royal Walls at Ceuta, Arruda made key alterations to Da Ravenna's initial 1541 design, especially to the bastions on the western front. In 1543 Arruda was appointed the King's Master of Works and the following year João de Castro visited Arruda at Ceuta, where he was working on a project to fortify its walls. Castro, on returning from his first voyage to the Indies, had been ordered by the King to contact Arruda regarding the project of fortification. Following their collaboration, Arruda spoke highly of Castro to the humanist clergyman André de Resende, who was then inspired to collaborate with Castro. In August 1545 Castro wrote to the King from the Island of Mozambique advocating the construction of a new fortress there, capable of withstanding the threat of Turkish artillery. The King replied the following year, informing him that he had entrusted the project to Arruda. In 1548/49, the King appointed Arruda to the newly created post of "Master of the Works on the Walls and Fortifications of the Kingdom, Places in Além (Africa) and India" and, that same year, together with Diogo Telles, Arruda was inspecting Tangier's defences, and ensuring that the mestre there, André Rodrigues, implemented some of the alterations made earlier at Ceuta. In 1549 he was sent to Ksar el-Kebir to build the Seinal Fort. In 1550, Arruda designed and completed the works on the main entrance to Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral, Elvas. The construction of the building itself, which commenced in 1517, is attributed to his father, Francisco de Arruda. Miguel de Arruda also designed the Fort of São Julião da Barra, which would become Portugal's largest and most complete military defence complex and, since the mid-20th century, the headquarters of Portugal's Ministry of Defence, construction of which started some time between 1553 and 1556.

text:
# Miguel de Arruda

**Miguel de Arruda** (fl.1532–1563) was a Portuguese *mestre de obras*, architect and military engineer. He was the son of Francisco de Arruda and nephew of Diogo de Arruda, both famed Portuguese architects.

Towards the end of the first third of the 16th century Miguel de Arruda was directing the works to expand the existing convent of the Order of Saint Augustine at Évora; by 1540 the new church, the Church of Nossa Senhora da Graça, was already being used as a place of worship.

In 1532 he took over from João de Castilho as *mestre de obras* at Alcobaça Monastery. Around that time, Arruda built the main entrance to the Convent of Christ (Tomar) following the design by Castilho.

In 1533 John III appointed him *mestre de obras* at Batalha Monastery, where Castilho had been working on repairs to the royal pantheon since 1528. which included expanding the convent to the east, with two new cloisters and a gatehouse.

Between 1541 and 1542 Arruda was one of the architects, together with the Spanish-Portuguese master builder and architect João de Castilho and Diogo de Torralva, who were later joined by the Italian engineer Benedetto da Ravenna, and who worked on the Portuguese fortress at Mazagan, the present-day Moroccan port-city of El Jadida, and which was the first Portuguese fortified site with angular bastions. Indeed, Arruda has been considered as representing the "transition from the earlier design mindset of Benedetto da Ravenna's generation to that of the later sixteenth century", and in the case of the Royal Walls at Ceuta, Arruda made key alterations to Da Ravenna's initial 1541 design, especially to the bastions on the western front.

In 1543 Arruda was appointed the King's Master of Works and the following year João de Castro visited Arruda at Ceuta, where he was working on a project to fortify its walls. Castro, on returning from his first voyage to the Indies, had been ordered by the King to contact Arruda regarding the project of fortification. Following their collaboration, Arruda spoke highly of Castro to the humanist clergyman André de Resende, who was then inspired to collaborate with Castro.

In August 1545 Castro wrote to the King from the Island of Mozambique advocating the construction of a new fortress there, capable of withstanding the threat of Turkish artillery. The King replied the following year, informing him that he had entrusted the project to Arruda.

In 1548/49, the King appointed Arruda to the newly created post of "Master of the Works on the Walls and Fortifications of the Kingdom, Places in Além (Africa) and India" and, that same year, together with Diogo Telles, Arruda was inspecting Tangier's defences, and ensuring that the *mestre* there, André Rodrigues, implemented some of the alterations made earlier at Ceuta.

In 1549 he was sent to Ksar el-Kebir to build the Seinal Fort.

In 1550, Arruda designed and completed the works on the main entrance to Our Lady of the Assumption Cathedral, Elvas. The construction of the building itself, which commenced in 1517, is attributed to his father, Francisco de Arruda.

Miguel de Arruda also designed the Fort of São Julião da Barra, which would become Portugal's largest and most complete military defence complex and, since the mid-20th century, the headquarters of Portugal's Ministry of Defence, construction of which started some time between 1553 and 1556.

1. (in Spanish). González Echegaray, María del Carmen (1991). *Artistas cántabros de la Edad Moderna; su aportación al arte hispánico: (diccionario biográfico-artístico)*, p. 147. Institución Mazarrasa, Universidad de Cantabria. ISBN 9788487412585, 8487412580. *Google Books*. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
2. (in Portuguese). "Miguel de Arruda". Ministry of Culture (Portugal). Retrieved 13 September 2023.
3. (in Portuguese). "Convento e Igreja da Graça de Évora". Architectural Heritage Information System (SIPA). Direção-Geral do Património Cultural. Ministry of Culture (Portugal). Retrieved 13 September 2023.
4. Murteira, André; Hélder Carvalhal; Roger Lee de Jesus, eds. (2021). *The First World Empire: Portugal, War and Military Revolution*, p. 36. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781000372823, 1000372820. *Google Books*. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
5. Elbl, Martin (2013). *Portuguese Tangier (1471-1662): Colonial Urban Fabric as Cross-cultural Skeleton*, pp. 243, 593, 641, 744. Baywolf Press. ISBN 9780921437505, 0921437501. *Google Books*. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
6. Hooykaas, Reijer (1979). "The Erasmian Influence on D. João de Castro", pp. 6, 29. Separata de *Revista da Universidade de Coimbra*, Vol. XXVII, pp. 129. Junta de Investigações Científicas do Ultramar. *Google Books*. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
7. Kubler, George (1972). *Portuguese Plain Architecture Between Spices and Diamonds, 1521-1706*, p. 38. Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 9780819540454, 0819540455. *Google Books*. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
8. (in French). Raczyński, Atanazy (1847). *Dictionnaire historico-artistique du Portugal*, p. 16. *Google Books*. Retrieved 17 September 2023.
9. (in Portuguese). Gordalina, Rosário (2007). "Catedral de Elvas... Igreja Paroquial de Nossa Senhora da Assunção". Architectural Heritage Information System (SIPA). Direção-Geral do Património Cultural. Ministry of Culture (Portugal). Retrieved 13 September 2023.
10. (in Portuguese). "Forte de São Julião da Barra". *Oeiras Valley*. Oeiras Municipal Council. Retrieved 13 September 2023.


title: Midwood, Brooklyn

abstract: Midwood is a neighborhood in the south-central part of the New York City borough of Brooklyn. It is bounded on the north by the Bay Ridge Branch tracks just above Avenue I and by the Brooklyn College campus of the City University of New York, and on the south by Avenue P and Kings Highway. The eastern border consists of parts of Nostrand Avenue, Flatbush Avenue, and Coney Island Avenue; parts of McDonald Avenue and Ocean Parkway mark the western boundary. Midwood is part of Brooklyn Community District 14, and its primary ZIP Codes are 11210 and 11230. It is patrolled by the 70th Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Politically, Midwood is represented by the New York City Council's 44th, 45th, and 48th districts.

text:
# Midwood, Brooklyn

**Midwood** is a neighborhood in the south-central part of the New York City borough of Brooklyn. It is bounded on the north by the Bay Ridge Branch tracks just above Avenue I and by the Brooklyn College campus of the City University of New York, and on the south by Avenue P and Kings Highway. The eastern border consists of parts of Nostrand Avenue, Flatbush Avenue, and Coney Island Avenue; parts of McDonald Avenue and Ocean Parkway mark the western boundary.

Midwood is part of Brooklyn Community District 14, and its primary ZIP Codes are 11210 and 11230. It is patrolled by the 70th Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Politically, Midwood is represented by the New York City Council's 44th, 45th, and 48th districts.

## History

The name "Midwood" derives from the Middle Dutch *Midwout* (middle woods; Modern Dutch: Midwoud), the name the settlers of New Netherland called the area of dense woodland midway between the towns of Boswyck (Bushwick) and Breuckelen (Brooklyn). Jan Snedeker, Jan Stryker, and Tomys Swartwout solicited from Director-General Stuyvesant the right of settling together on a level area of wilderness (*vlacke bosch*, the flat bush), adjacent to the outlying farms at Breukelen and Nieuw Amersfoort. Through Swartwout's suggestion, the settlement was named the village of Midwout or Midwolde. In April 1655, Stuyvesant and the Council of New Netherland appointed Swartwout a *schepen* (magistrate), to serve with Snedeker and Adriaen Hegeman as the Court of Midwout.

Later, it became part of old Flatbush, situated between the towns of Gravesend and Flatlands.

Settlement was begun by the Dutch in 1652; they later gave way to the English, who conquered it in 1664, but the area remained rural and undeveloped for the most part until its annexation to the City of Brooklyn in the 1890s. It became more developed in the 1920s when large middle class housing tracts and apartment buildings were built.

Many residents refer to Midwood as "Flatbush", or, erroneously, as being "part of Flatbush", an older and more established neighborhood and former township, which in the 19th century included modern Midwood. The usage of Flatbush to mean Midwood dates to the period when the neighborhood was first formed, and known as South Greenfield.

Many also consider the nearby neighborhood of Fiske Terrace/Midwood Gardens to be part of Midwood, but, as in many cities, neighborhood boundaries in Brooklyn are somewhat fluid and poorly defined.

## Demographics

Based on data from the 2020 United States Census, the population of Midwood was 52,835. The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 73.6% White, 11.8% Asian, 7.6% Hispanic/Latino, 4.6% Black and 2.4% Other. There were 16% of residents over the age of 65.

The entirety of Community Board 14, which comprises Flatbush and Midwood, had 165,543 inhabitants as of NYC Health's 2018 Community Health Profile, with an average life expectancy of 82.4 years. This is slightly higher than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York City neighborhoods. Most inhabitants are middle-aged adults and youth: 25% are between the ages of 0–17, 29% between 25–44, and 24% between 45–64. The ratio of college-aged and elderly residents was lower, at 9% and 13% respectively.

As of 2016, the median household income in Community Board 14 was $56,599. In 2018, an estimated 22% of Flatbush and Midwood residents lived in poverty, compared to 21% in all of Brooklyn and 20% in all of New York City. One in eleven residents (9%) were unemployed, compared to 9% in the rest of both Brooklyn and New York City. Rent burden, or the percentage of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 57% in Flatbush and Midwood, higher than the citywide and boroughwide rates of 52% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, as of 2018, Flatbush and Midwood are considered to be high-income relative to the rest of the city and not gentrifying.

## Character

### Shopping

The main shopping streets in the area are Kings Highway, Avenue J, Avenue M, Flatbush Avenue, Nostrand Avenue, and Coney Island Avenue.

#### Kings Highway

In the 1950s through the 1970s, Kings Highway had Dubrow's Cafeteria, a classic cafeteria where holes would be punched in patrons' printed tickets, which would total the cost of the meal. In his run for the White House, Democratic presidential candidate John F. Kennedy held a campaign rally just outside Dubrow's Cafeteria. Years later, his brother Senator Robert F. Kennedy ("Bobby") held a similar campaign rally there for his run for President.

In the fall of 2008, the NYCDOT planned to implement an experimental congestion parking plan in the Kings Highway Business District, which would have raised parking meter rates from 75 cents to as much as $2.50 an hour. Specific streets were not then designated.

Kings Highway is currently anchored by several chain stores and multiple ethnic food stores. Unique businesses include several high fashion outlets, jewelry stores, and sushi restaurants.

The first Original Crazy Eddie store was located on Kings Hwy., then moved to larger quarters just south of Kings Highway on Coney Island Avenue.

#### Nostrand Avenue

Nostrand Avenue was known for fashionable boutiques. As retailers retired, the street changed and became known for its automobile showrooms. A U.S. Postal Service facility (Zip Code 11210) can be found on Nostrand Avenue between Avenues I and J.

#### Lettered avenues

Avenue J is a major business street in Midwood, with many kosher restaurants, deli, pizzerias, and butchers.

Avenue M, another one of the major business streets of Midwood, is a central location for kosher food and butchers. While in the past it was home to Cookie's, one of Brooklyn's best known restaurants and hang-outs (also popular with the NBC studio staff), today there are no fewer than ten kosher restaurants and three kosher bakeries. From the 1920s through the 1940s, the Dorman Square Restaurant was popular with the Vitagraph studios employees, as well as playing a role in a Vitagraph film or two.

Until the 1970s, Avenue M had its own movie theater. One of Brooklyn's Italian restaurants, Restaurant Bonaparte, also catered to the actors and actresses working on Avenue M in the NBC studios at that time. Restaurant Bonaparte was known for its "Three Musketeers". It also had a wishing well fountain in its lobby entrance, filled with customers' coins. The Avenue has an elevated subway station. Near the end of June each year, the Midwood Development Corporation hosts the popular Midwood Mardi Gras Street Fair along the Avenue, from East 12th Street to Ocean Avenue.

Shoppers can find a municipal muni-meter parking lot on East 17th Street at Chestnut Avenue just north of Avenue M. Many of the retail businesses are closed on Jewish holidays.

#### Coney Island Avenue

On Coney Island Avenue in Midwood, primarily between Avenue H and Avenue P, are the U.S. Postal Service Midwood station (Zip Code 11230), The Kent Triplex Movie Theater, and other retailers.

Between Avenue O and Quentin Road are Turkish restaurants and a hookah bar.

The United States' largest kosher supermarket opened at the corner of Avenue L and Coney Island Avenue in August 2008.

### Ocean Parkway

Ocean Parkway is a major tree-lined Brooklyn boulevard, largely featuring apartment houses. It is not a shopping district. Local one-way traffic lanes are separated from the main roadway by bicycle lanes and running paths. Most avenues continue from one side to the other; Avenue K doesn't. Ryder Avenue and Roder do neither: Though they are the same one-way road, their names differ by one letter. Ryder begins at McDonald Avenue, reaches Ocean Parkway, disappears on the opposite for one short block, then continues as Roder, ending at Coney Island Avenue.

### Movie theaters

Midwood had several movie theaters, now mostly closed:

* One, still on Coney Island Ave, near Ave. H, is The Kent Triplex Movie Theater. It was built in 1939 with a single screen, becoming a triplex in the early 1990s.
* One was on Ave. M, the Century Elm, later an Emigrant Savings Bank branch and now an Apple Bank branch.
* Four of them were on Kings Highway:
    + The Kingsway
    + The Jewel
    + The Avalon (closed in 1982)
    + The Triangle theatre, which opened in 1936, closed in 1952, subsequently "became a furniture store and by 2019 was a clothing store." It was located across from Sgt. Joyce Kilmer Triangle.

#### Avalon Theater

The Avalon Theater opened on January 25, 1928, and was located on Kings Highway at the southwest corner of East 18th Street. Originally built by a local Brooklyn company as the Piccadilly, it was sold prior to opening to Loews Theaters, which changed the name to Avalon. Designed by Samuel Cohen, the combined auditoriums (the main or lobby floor and the upstairs or balcony) seated 2,119 which included on the lobby floor a separate seating for children. It also featured a Robert Morton theatre pipe organ. Within a year of opening, it became part of the Century Theatres chain.

The theater closed in 1982, and the building now houses a Walgreens on the ground floor, and offices on the upper floors.

### East Midwood

The area east of Ocean Avenue is also known as "East Midwood". The volunteer ambulance service serving Midwood is Flatbush Hatzoloh. The nearest hospitals are New York Presbyterian Community Hospital and Mount Sinai, both on Kings Highway. Both are certified "9-1-1 FDNY-EMS" receiving emergency facilities. One of Brooklyn's last remaining farms was located on the site of the apartment complex at 1279 East 17th St. (just north of Ave. M) until it was torn down in the mid-1960s.

## Parks

Parks include Kolbert Park and the Rachel Haber Cohen Playground and adjacent handball and basketball courts, near Edward R. Murrow High School, and the track and playing fields of Brooklyn College and Midwood High School.

Friends Field at East Second Street and Avenue L features baseball diamonds and tennis courts. Just opposite the field is the Erasmus Hall High School football field (closed to the public when not in use).

The sprawling square block-long Midwood High School Field (East 16th–17th Street at Avenues K-L) features handball courts, tennis courts, a runners track and a field used for football, rugby and soccer. On June 2, 1958, a Maccabiah event was held at the field, at which Olympic weightlifting champion Isaac Berger, U.S. racewalking champion Henry Laskau, and Olympic hammer throw competitor Marty Engel gave exhibitions. Students from adjacent Edward R. Murrow High School also use the field during school hours.

There are two public pedestrian plazas in Midwood:

* Corporal Wiltshire Square, named in Honor of Corporal Clifford T. Wiltshire, located at the intersection of Ocean Avenue where it merges with Avenue P and Kings Highway. 27 year old Wiltshire, a married man residing at "1022 Avenue P, was killed by a direct hit by a shell in October 1918" while leading his comrades, after their sergeant was killed.
* Sgt. Joyce Kilmer Triangle, located at the crossroads of Kings Highway and Quentin Road (E. 12th–13th Streets), so named in honor of American journalist and poet Sgt. Joyce Kilmer (1866–1918). His is the smallest park in New York City, occupying 0.001 acres (0.00040 ha) of land.

## Police and crime

Midwood is patrolled by the 70th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 154 Lawrence Avenue. The 70th Precinct ranked 30th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. As of 2018, with a non-fatal assault rate of 42 per 100,000 people, Flatbush and Midwood's rate of violent crimes per capita was less than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration rate of 372 per 100,000 people was lower than that of the city as a whole.

The 70th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 89.1% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 6 murders, 27 rapes, 162 robberies, 273 felony assaults, 173 burglaries, 527 grand larcenies, and 75 grand larcenies auto in 2018.

## Fire safety

The New York City Fire Department (FDNY)'s Engine Co. 276/Ladder Co. 156/Battalion 33, which serves Midwood, is located at 1635 East 14th Street.

## Health

As of 2018, preterm births are more common in Flatbush and Midwood than in other places citywide, though births to teenage mothers are less common. In Flatbush and Midwood, there were 99 preterm births per 1,000 live births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 17.1 births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide). Flatbush and Midwood has a relatively high population of residents who are uninsured, or who receive healthcare through Medicaid. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to be 16%, which is higher than the citywide rate of 12%.

The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, in Flatbush and Midwood is 0.0077 milligrams per cubic metre (7.7×10<sup>−9</sup> oz/cu ft), lower than the citywide and boroughwide averages. Ten percent of Flatbush and Midwood residents are smokers, which is slightly lower than the city average of 14%. In Flatbush and Midwood, 28% of residents are obese, 13% are diabetic, and 31% have high blood pressure—compared to the citywide averages of 24%, 11%, and 28% respectively. 21% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of 20%.

Eighty percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is lower than the city's average of 87%. In 2018, 77% of residents described their health as "good", "very good", or "excellent", slightly less than the city's average of 78%. For every supermarket in Flatbush and Midwood, there are 21 bodegas.

Hospitals in Midwood include Mount Sinai Brooklyn and New York Community Hospital. Additionally, SUNY Downstate Medical Center is located in nearby Flatbush.

## Post offices and ZIP Codes

Midwood is covered by two ZIP Codes: 11230 west of East 21st Street and 11210 east of East 21st Street. The United States Postal Service operates three post offices nearby:

* Kingsway Station – 1610 East 19th Street
* Midwood Station – 1288 Coney Island Avenue
* Vanderveer Station – 2319 Nostrand Avenue

## Religion

Midwood is a diverse multi-ethnic and multi-religious neighborhood; however, the neighborhood is predominantly Jewish.

### Judaism

In the 1980s and 1990s, a wave of Orthodox Jews moved into the area from Borough Park, attracted by Midwood's large homes and tree-lined streets. Today, in addition to Ashkenazic Orthodox Jews, the area is home to a burgeoning Sephardic population. Along Kings Highway from Coney Island to McDonald Avenues are many Middle Eastern style restaurants and take-out food shops.

The East Midwood Jewish Center, a Conservative synagogue, was founded in 1924. The building, located on Ocean Avenue, is a 1929 Renaissance revival structure with a capacity of 950 in the main sanctuary. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006. The Kingsway Jewish Center is an historic synagogue from the 1950s on Nostrand Avenue. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

There are several branches of Touro College there, a college that was started in 1970. Midwood is also home to several large orthodox synagogues, including Congregation Beth Torah, the Young Israel of Midwood, Agudas Yisroel Bais Binyomin of Avenue L, Congregation Talmud Torah of Flatbush, Beis Medrash Ahavas Dovid Apsha under the leadership of Rabbi Shmuel Dovid Beck Shlita - The Apsha Rav, the minyan factory known as Landau's Shul (offering minyanim every 15 minutes on an average day), Rabbi Avraham Schorr's former synagogue, known as Khal Tiferes Yaakov on East 15th Street and Avenue L, the Bostoner Rebbe on Avenue J, Steinwurtzels, the Young Israel of Avenue J, the Agudah of Midwood, and several Syrian Orthodox synagogues. Synagogues based out of homes, called shtiebelach, are also common.

In November 2009, the Metropolitan Council on Jewish Poverty, a beneficiary agency of the UJA-Federation of New York, partnered with Masbia to open a kosher soup kitchen on Coney Island Avenue.

There are many yeshivos in Midwood. These include the Mirrer Yeshiva, Yeshiva Rabbeinu Chaim Berlin, Yeshiva Toras Emes Kaminetz, Mosdos Veretzky, Yeshiva of Brooklyn, Yeshiva Ohr Naftali, Yeshiva Tiferes Shmuel, Yeshivas Ohr Yisrael, Yeshivas Vyelipol, Yeshiva Ateret Torah, Yeshivat Mikdash Melech, and Yeshivas Beis Yosef Novardok.

### Christianity

St. Brendan's Parish and Our Lady Help of Christians are two Roman Catholic Church congregations located in Midwood. The Church of the Three Hierarchs Greek Orthodox serves the Greek residents of the community. The Episcopal Church of the Epiphany also serves the community.

### Islam

The area around Newkirk Avenue has one of the largest mosques in Brooklyn, the Muslim Community Center of Brooklyn, also known as Makki Masjid.

## Education

Flatbush and Midwood generally has a similar ratio of college-educated residents to the rest of the city as of 2018. Though 43% of residents age 25 and older have a college education or higher, 18% have less than a high school education and 39% are high school graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 40% of Brooklynites and 38% of city residents have a college education or higher. The percentage of Flatbush and Midwood students excelling in math rose from 43 percent in 2000 to 68 percent in 2011, though reading achievement remained steady at 48% during the same time period.

Flatbush and Midwood's rate of elementary school student absenteeism is about equal to the rest of New York City. In Flatbush and Midwood, 18% of elementary school students missed twenty or more days per school year, compared to the citywide average of 20% of students. Additionally, 75% of high school students in Flatbush and Midwood graduate on time, equal to the citywide average of 75% of students.

### Schools and higher education

Midwood contains the following public schools operated by the New York City Department of Education:

Private schools include:

Colleges include:

### Libraries

The Brooklyn Public Library (BPL) has two branches in Midwood. The Midwood branch is located at 975 East 16th Street near Avenue J. It was founded in 1912 and relocated several times before moving to its current location. The branch was rebuilt in the 1950s and again in 1998, and a public plaza was built in 2013.

The Kings Highway branch is located at 2115 Ocean Avenue near Kings Highway. It was founded in 1910 and initially occupied several storefronts. When it moved to its current location in 1954, it became the first BPL branch library to be built by the New York City government. The library was renovated in 2009 and now contains a reading room in the basement and a passport office.

## Transportation

The area is served by the New York City Subway's BMT Brighton Line ( and  trains), IND Culver Line ( and \<F\> trains), and the IRT Nostrand Avenue Line ( and  trains).

MTA New York City Transit routes serving the community include the B2, B6, B7, B9, B11, B31, B41, B44, B44 SBS, B49, B68, B82, B82 SBS, B100 and B103 local buses and the BM1, BM3 and BM4 express buses.

### Film

Midwood has long played a part in both film and television production. The film industry established itself in the neighborhood in 1907, when the Vitagraph company occupied studios at 1277 East 14th near Avenue M. Scenes from films like *Hey Pop* and *Buzzin' Around*, starring Fatty Arbuckle, were filmed on streets in Midwood. Warner Bros. purchased the studio in the 1920s, using it for short subjects, and moved the studio operation to Hollywood in 1939. A large smokestack bearing the name "Vitagraph" is still on the property, visible from the BMT Brighton Line. Many Vitagraph employees resided within the community.

The Brooklyn Historical Society and the Museum of the Moving Image (Astoria, New York) have collections on the Vitagraph Studios. An old vintage aerial photograph of the Vitagraph complex (and its streets) hangs today on a wall in the offices of the Midwood Development Corporation.

The Vitagraph Studios were later featured in a *New York Times* Article (2007), and in the PBS, WNET-13 TV Special 'A Walk Through Brooklyn,' hosted by David Hartman and historian Barry Lewis. Old historic photographs of the studio show that part of it also existed across the Brighton line subway tracks where Edward R. Murrow High School now stands.

After Warner Bros. vacated the land (in the late 1960s-early 1970s), Yeshiva University purchased it for Brooklyn Torah Academy, the Brooklyn branch of their high school. The Shulamith School purchased the property some years later, when it merged BTA into Manhattan Torah Academy. Until 2015 the building was home to the Shulamith Yeshiva School for Girls, which moved to Manhattan Beach. Present day, many within the community were unaware that the Shulamith School buildings and property were once a film studio. In 2018, the yeshiva was replaced with an eight-story, 302-unit apartment building.

The Leading Male men's attire store, once located at the corner of Kings Highway and East 12th Street, was the source for the disco attire that John Travolta and the other male cast members wore in the film *Saturday Night Fever*. A duplicate of the white suit Travolta wore in the film was at that time displayed in one of the showcase windows.

### Television

#### NBC Studios

In 1952, NBC Television purchased part of the Vitagraph Studios, which then became known as NBC Brooklyn. Studio 1 along Locust Avenue. A new larger studio known as Color Studio 2 at 1268 East 14th Street, on the northwest corner of Avenue M. Many programs were taped here.

When it was dedicated in 1954, it was said to be the world's largest color TV production studio.

NBC sold the studio in 2000, and the facility became JC Studios. The facility was also used by CBS. In 2014, JC Studios closed, ending 60 years of TV history.

In 2015, OHEL Children's Home and Family Services created offices in the former Studio 1 on Locust Avenue, part of the original Vitagraph Studios. Studio 2, built by NBC, became a self-storage facility.

## Notable residents

Famous people who grew up in, formerly lived in, or attended or graduated from a school in Midwood include:

## Sources

## InfoBox

| Midwood | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighborhood of Brooklyn | |
| Kings Highway and East 16th Street in Midwood | |
| Location in New York City | |
| Coordinates: 40°37′23″N 73°57′43″W / 40.623°N 73.962°W / 40.623; -73.962 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | New York |
| City | New York City |
| Borough | Brooklyn |
| Community District | Brooklyn 14 |
| Area | |
| Total | 3.33 km<sup>2</sup> (1.29 sq mi) |
| Population (2020) | |
| Total | 54,637 |
| Density | 16,000/km<sup>2</sup> (42,000/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC−5 (Eastern) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC−4 (EDT) |
| ZIP Codes | 11210, 11230 |
| Area code | 718, 347, 929, and 917 |


title: Mikko Virtanen

abstract: Mikko Virtanen is a Finnish professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for KalPa of the Finnish Liiga. Virtanen previously played for KooKoo and made his Liiga debut with the team during the 2015–16 Liiga season.

text:
# Mikko Virtanen

| Medal record | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Finland | | |
| Ice hockey | | |
| European Youth Olympic Winter Festival | | |
|  | 2011 Liberec |  |

**Mikko Virtanen** (born March 7, 1994) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player. He is currently playing for KalPa of the Finnish Liiga.

Virtanen previously played for KooKoo and made his Liiga debut with the team during the 2015–16 Liiga season.

## Awards

## InfoBox

| Mikko Virtanen | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Born | (1994-03-07) March 7, 1994
Kouvola, Finland | | |
| Height | 6 ft 0 in (183 cm) | | |
| Weight | 172 lb (78 kg; 12 st 4 lb) | | |
| Position | Forward | | |
| Shoots | Left | | |
| Liiga team
Former teams | *KalPa*
KooKoo | | |
| NHL draft | Undrafted | | |
| Playing career | 2011present | | |


title: We Are the People (Feeder song)

abstract: "We Are the People" was the first and only top 40 single from Feeder's sixth studio album, Silent Cry. The single was released on 9 June 2008, receiving its first radio play on Kerrang! Radio, two months before on 14 April. It charted at #25 in the UK becoming Feeder's landmark 20th top 40 single, but also their last to date after follow-up "Tracing Lines / Silent Cry" missed the top 200 alongside being their least successful lead single from any of their albums since 1999. "We Are the People" is also the first Feeder single since 1997's "Crash", to miss the BBC Radio 1 playlist and also the first of their singles since that one to only spend one week on the UK top 75. It was included on XFM's top 100 tracks of 2008 list. We are the People is a song about change and unity in the world we live in... it's like a call to arms but in a positive and non-violent way. It's time for change and only we the people can do that... I wanted the song to be anthemic and sonically uplifting... Although the single made No.2 on the physical sales chart, this was already at a time where artists rarely released CD singles and sales were already declining making a very small percentage of the sales market. The physical chart was already irrelevant as a result and was not seen as a top ten single by the band nor fans.

text:
# We Are the People (Feeder song)

"**We Are the People**" was the first and only top 40 single from Feeder's sixth studio album, *Silent Cry*. The single was released on 9 June 2008, receiving its first radio play on Kerrang! Radio, two months before on 14 April. It charted at #25 in the UK becoming Feeder's landmark 20th top 40 single, but also their last to date after follow-up "Tracing Lines / Silent Cry" missed the top 200 alongside being their least successful lead single from any of their albums since 1999. "We Are the People" is also the first Feeder single since 1997's "Crash", to miss the BBC Radio 1 playlist and also the first of their singles since that one to only spend one week on the UK top 75. It was included on XFM's top 100 tracks of 2008 list.

> We are the People is a song about change and unity in the world we live in... it's like a call to arms but in a positive and non-violent way. It's time for change and only we the people can do that... I wanted the song to be anthemic and sonically uplifting...
>
> Grant Nicholas.

Although the single made No.2 on the physical sales chart, this was already at a time where artists rarely released CD singles and sales were already declining making a very small percentage of the sales market. The physical chart was already irrelevant as a result and was not seen as a top ten single by the band nor fans.

## Composition

The album version ends with a coda entitled **"We are One"** which according to a US promo CD from February 2008 was meant to be a standalone track on what was to become *Silent Cry*. The single edit fades out before this section begins and shortens some of the instrumental sections after the second chorus.

## Music video

London-based radio station XFM, ran a competition for an extra to appear in the video. The winner had to be available at a London West End address, with the details disclosed to them. In a blog posted by the bands then drummer Mark Richardson on their official website, it was revealed the director used the traditional blue screen chroma key technique (also used for the "Feeling a Moment" video).

The video involves a mysterious hooded character, their face hidden in darkness. At the beginning of the video the mysterious character walks past singer Grant Nicholas, from this point Grant disappears and the person in the hood displays the face of Grant Nicholas. As the video goes on he continues to display the faces of everyone whom the mysterious character walks past (these people also vanish as they walk past the hooded figure), the faces constantly change as the character sings. The video ends with this hooded figure throwing all the faces in the air as he watches them float to the ground as if made from paper, the face of Grant Nicholas floats to the ground at the end of the video. Bassist Taka Hirose and Mark also make an appearance. The video received heavy criticism from fans, while the band were according to fan gossip not happy with it.

The Video is directed by David Mould. Some of the people who made an appearance within the video were competition winners, including some who knew the band through working for them at the time.

## Track listing

### CD

1. "We are the People" (single edit) - 3:50
2. "Calling Out for Days" - 3:16

### 7" #1

1. "We are the People" (single edit) - 3:50
2. "Calling Out for Days" - 3:16

### 7" #2

1. "We are the People" (single edit) - 3:50
2. "Somewhere to Call Your Own" - 2:31

### EP (iTunes)

1. "We are the People" (single edit) - 3:50
2. "We are the People" (extended version) - 4:46
3. "We are the People" (acoustic version) - 3:54

## InfoBox

| "We are the People" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Feeder | |
| from the album  *Silent Cry* | |
| Released | 9 June 2008 (2008-06-09) |
| Recorded | 2007 |
| Genre | Alternative rock |
| Length | * 4:41 (album version) * 3:50 (single edit) |
| Label | Echo |
| Songwriter(s) | Grant Nicholas |
| Producer(s) | Grant Nicholas, Feeder |
| Feeder singles chronology | |
| "Save Us"
(2006) "**We are the People**"
(2008) "Tracing Lines / Silent Cry"
(2008) | |


title: Mila D. Aguilar

abstract: Mila D. Aguilar was a Filipina poet, novelist, essayist, activist, educator, website designer, and video documentarian. Writing under the nom de guerre Clarita Roja during the dangerous days of the Marcos dictatorship, she is best remembered for having been "the best known poet in the underground movement during the Marcos Regime." More broadly, she is also known for her leadership roles in the resistance against the authoritarian regime of Ferdinand Marcos, and for her continued social activism in the years after Marcos was deposed, including the last phase of her activism which was strongly influenced with her beliefs after her 1990 conversion to Born Again christianity. As a writer she is best known for the poetry books Why Cage Pigeons?, A Comrade is as Precious as a Rice Seedling and Journey: An Autobiography in Verse (1964-1995), and the autobiographical novel "The Nine Deaths of M".

text:
# Mila D. Aguilar

**Mila D. Aguilar** (1949 – October 13, 2023) was a Filipina poet, novelist, essayist, activist, educator, website designer, and video documentarian. Writing under the nom de guerre **Clarita Roja** during the dangerous days of the Marcos dictatorship, she is best remembered for having been "*the best known poet in the underground movement during the Marcos Regime*." More broadly, she is also known for her leadership roles in the resistance against the authoritarian regime of Ferdinand Marcos, and for her continued social activism in the years after Marcos was deposed, including the last phase of her activism which was strongly influenced with her beliefs after her 1990 conversion to Born Again christianity.

As a writer she is best known for the poetry books *Why Cage Pigeons?*, *A Comrade is as Precious as a Rice Seedling* and *Journey: An Autobiography in Verse (1964-1995)*, and the autobiographical novel "The Nine Deaths of M".

## Early life and education

Mila D. Aguilar was born in Iloilo in 1949, the youngest daughter of Jose Vasquez Aguilar and Ramona Deysolong. Her father was well known as a founding figure in the Community School Movement in the Philippines, and had been recognized in 1952 as the first Filipino recipient of the Ramon Magsaysay Award, and also the first recipient of the award under the cagtegory of Government Service.

She studied English and Humanities at the University of the Philippines Diliman, writing poetry which was published in the Philippines Free Press, Sunday Times Magazine and the Philippines Graphic while studying, and finally earning her diploma in 1969.

## Early career

Immediately after graduating, Aguilar began her career by teaching at the UP Diliman Department of English and Comparative Literature. She also wrote for Philippines Graphic from 1969 to 1971, working alongside Amadis Ma. Guerrero and Petronilo Daroy.

## Life in the underground

In her poetry anthology "Journey: An Autobiography in Verse (1964-1995)," Aguilar described her writings from 1971 to 1984 as being part of her "red period," because it was a time when she was actively involved in the underground resistance against the dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos.

### Going underground

Aguilar She first became exposed to the National Democratic (ND) movement when she was assigned by the Graphic to cover the ND youth and student movement, which meant covering the various pickets and demonstrations, particularly the Diliman commune.

She finally joined the underground movement against Marcos in 1971 when Marcos used the Plaza Miranda bombing as a reason to suspend the writ of habeas corpus.

Over the course of the next 13 years, she started out as an ordinary member of the Communist Party of the Philippines assigned as a driver plying the route between Manila and Isabela, and then later found herself assuming several top positions in the organization, including head of the Regional United Front Commission of Mindanao, and then head of the National United Front.

### Marriage and widowhood

She met fellow activist Magtanggol Roque early on in her involvement with the CPP, and the two were married through party rites in the mountains of Isabela on May 5, 1971, and then getting a court marriage in Pasay City not long after. She had a son with Roque, who was seven years older than her. And he rented an apartment in their name in BF homes in Parañaque. But she barely stayed in the house, focusing on her duties as a driver for the underground movement. She was deeply distressed that they had to leave their son with Aguilar's mother to keep him safe.

Roque was eventually killed in May 1981 when he was shot while trying to warn fellow activists that their safehouse was about to be raided.

### Resignation from the CPP

Aguilar resigned from the Communist Party of the Philippines after the 1983 assassination of Ninoy Aquino. She had written a leaflet expressing sympathy for Aquino which the Central Committee rejected, and Aguilar resigned because of the disagreement.

By this time, Aguilar had become Assistant Director at St. Joseph's College, and she continued in that role until her arrest in 1984.

## Imprisonment

Despite her resignation from the underground movement, Aguilar was arrested in August 1984. She was accosted by men in several vans which stopped the jeepney she was riding, and then threw her onto the backseat of a waiting car. Based on their actions, she said she realized they probably did not yet know that she had resigned from the CPP.

Aguilar was held in solitary confinement as a political detainee at Camp Crame, where she was subjected to psychological, mental, emotional, and sexual abuse.

During this time, however, Aguilar continued to write, and she later described her writings from her time in prison as being part of her "purple period," and labeled it as a period where "the questions start." University of the Philippines critic Mary Grace R. Concepcion notes that:

> "By this time, Aguilar had already severed ties with the party and was questioning the proletariat, the party dogma, Christian dogma, and even the petty-bourgeoisie. Aguilar said she felt that everyone was “exploiting” everyone else. Thus, unlike the poems from the “Red Period”, the fight was not an outward struggle against the bigger forces of imperialism and feudalism, nor an inward struggle of the self through an ideological remolding. Rather the struggle was towards an individuation of meanings, wherein one struggles to be an individual above any form of social and collective organization."

Some of her friends formed the Free Mila D. Aguilar Committee, and they published a collection of the works she had written in prison, titled "Why Cage Pigeons?" to help raise funds for her and lobby for her release.

## Release, conversion, and continued activism

Aguilar's time as a political detainee ended in 1996 when Marcos was deposed by the People Power Revolution, and her release marked a period of discovery which led to her conversion to Born Again Christianity in 1990, which would be a defining influence on her as a writer, as an activist, and as a person moving forward.

Acknowledging that part of her life which began with her conversion marked a final chapter rather than a mere phase, she later labelled her literary works from this time as simply "period" in contrast to the previous "blue", "red", and "purple" periods. University of the Philippines academic reviewer Mary Grace R. Concepcion notes that Aguilar's periodization of her works in this way in the 1995 poetry collection "Journey: An Autobiography in Verse (1964-1995)" acknowledges that her "progression of self-awareness therefore ends with god and religion."

### People Power Revolution and release from prison

Aguilar was released from Prison in 1986, after the People Power Revolution. After her release, returned to teaching at St Joseph's College.

During this time, she became a videographer, and produced, wrote, and directed almost 50 videos on subjects ranging from community organizations to regional cultures and good manners for government employees. She eventually also designed websites, describing herself as a "webweaver."

### Conversion to Born Again Christianity

Aguilar became a Born Again Christian in 1990, significantly reframing both her literary work and her social activism for the rest of her life. She famously reinterpreted her pseudonym Clarita Roja, which means "clear red," to be a reference to the redeeming Blood of Christ. Her beliefs shaped her continued activism, as she denounced the injustices perpetuated by later government administrations.

Describing at a 2012 book launching how her writing and social engagement was affected by her conversion experience, and explaining her intention to write more essays and stories, Aguilar said:

> “College was not enough. Even 13 years underground and one and a half years in prison were not enough. I had to do video documentaries all over the Philippines for a few years, then take Philippine Studies formally and informally as well\[...\] I finally got it. Without a vision, the people perish! That vision is God’s for the people of God, led by the children of God. Poetry is emotion expressed in unified rhythm, imagery and tension. What I cannot express of this vision in poetry, I must express in essay and story. Then pray that God will accept my paeans to Him, my plaints for and in behalf of my people.”

### Later work

Aguilar returned to teaching at the UP Diliman Department of English and Comparative Literature from 2000 to 2006. In 2013, she published her autobiographical novel "The Nine Deaths of M." as an ebook on Kindle. In 2021, she co-wrote volume 2 of "A History of the University of the Philippines," covering the years 1943 to 1975, alongsise Rosario Cruz-Lucero, Ruth Pison, and Alexander Dacanay.

## Death

On October 13, 2023, Aguilar passed away at the age of 74.

## Works

As a poet, she has written about 400 poems in English, Filipino, and Ilonggo, about 125 of which are in *Journey: An Autobiography in Verse (1964-1995)*, a collection published by the University of the Philippines Press in 1996. The poems in this collection were culled from six books printed in Manila, San Francisco, and New York City between the years 1974 and 1987 (including *A Comrade is as Precious as a Rice Seedling*), as well as from her writing in subsequent years up to 1995. *Chronicle of a Life Foretold: 101 Poems (1995-2005)* was published in 2012 by Popular Bookstore, and two more collections *Poetry as Prophecy (2005-2013),* and an untitled book, remain unpublished.

* Dare to Struggle, Dare to Win! (Manila 1974) using nom de guerre Clarita Roja
* The Mass Line (A Second Remoulding) (Manila 1977) using nom de guerre Clarita Roja
* Why Cage Pigeons? (Manila 1984)
* Pall Hanging over Manila (San Francisco 1984)
* A Comrade is as Precious as a Rice Seedling (New York 1984, 1985 and 1987; also in Braille, Womyn's Series)
* Journey: An Autobiography in Verse (1964-1995) (U of the Philippines Press 1996)
* Chronicle of a Life Foretold: 110 Poems (1995-2004) (Popular Bookstore)
* The Nine Deaths of M (Kindle 2013)

### Additional reading

* Josephine Bass Serrano, Trinidad Maño Ames, *A Survey of Filipino Literature in English*, Phoenix Publishing House, 1988
* *Philippine Studies*, Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2005
* Zapanta-Manlapaz, *Filipino Women Writers in English: Their Story, 1905-2002*, Ateneo de Manila University Press, 2003
* Wall Tappings: An International Anthology of Women's Prison Writings, 200 to the Present. 2nd ed. Judith A. Scheffler, ed. New York: The Feminist Press at the City University of New York, 2002. (“Haikus in Solitary Confinement,” “Prison,” “As the Dust,” “Lizard in Bicutan,” “Pigeons for my Son,” “Freed Pigeon I Shall Be,” pp 22–27, with introduction to the poet.)
* *Cultural Center of the Philippines' **Encyclopedia of the Arts***


title: Mike Dillon (racing driver)

abstract: Mike Dillon is an American former professional stock car racing driver for Richard Childress Racing and the current general manager for the team after having raced in all three national series. He is the father of Austin Dillon and Ty Dillon and the son-in-law of Richard Childress.

text:
# Mike Dillon (racing driver)

**Mike Dillon** (born February 1, 1965) is an American former professional stock car racing driver for Richard Childress Racing and the current general manager for the team after having raced in all three national series. He is the father of Austin Dillon and Ty Dillon and the son-in-law of Richard Childress.

## Racing career

### Winston Cup Series

Dillon made one Cup Series start in his career. Subbing for the injured Mike Skinner, he qualified the No. 31 Lowe's Chevrolet in the 27th position in the 1998 Fontana race. Dillon struggled in the race, finishing 35th, 11 laps down.

Dillon also competed in the 1997 Mountain Dew Southern 500 as a relief driver for Dale Earnhardt, finishing the race after Earnhardt blacked out on the first lap.

### Busch Series

Dillon made his NASCAR debut in 1995. That year he ran five of twenty-six races for Richard Childress Racing in the No. 12 Kennametal/Salem National Lease Chevrolet, making his debut at Hickory, where he started 12th and finished 16th. He would make his next start at Myrtle Beach, getting his first career top-10 starting spot of 9th, before leading 5 laps en route to a 17th-place finish. He would then follow it up with an 18th-place result at South Boston Speedway. Dillon crashed out of the other two races, with a 42nd at Charlotte and 29th at Rockingham. However, he did beat his best career start with an 8th place start in Charlotte.

Dillon ran for NASCAR Busch Series Rookie of the Year in 1996 in the No. 72 Detroit Gasket Chevy for Parker Racing, but only made 21 of 26 races and struggled to 23rd in points. He earned his first career top-10 of 10th at South Boston.

Dillon made all the races in 1997, and finished 15th in points. Still running in the #72, Dillon scored his first career top-5 at Dover. He also added on a pair of 6th and a 10th to have 4 top-10 finishes. Dillon set his career best start of 4th at Richmond, and also led 21 laps at Gateway before a late crash.

Dillon's best career season came in 1998. He had 2 top-5s and 7 top-10s en route to 12th in points. The two top-5s were a 4th at Hickory (led 54 laps) and a 5th at Watkins Glen International.

In 1999, he moved to the #59 Kingsford team owned by ST Motorsports. He did not qualify for two of the races and that relegated him to 16th in the final points. In addition, Dillon only had one top-10, with a 7th place coming at Watkins Glen. Despite the lack of top-10s, Dillon stayed in 16th in points largely because he finished all but two of his races.

In 2000, Dillon moved back to Richard Childress Racing (RCR), driving the newly formed #21 Rockwell Automation Chevrolet. Dillon did not improve that much, as he did not qualify for the season ending race at Miami, and his best finishes were a pair of top-10s. (9th at Daytona and 8th at Dover). The result was 23rd in points.

Dillon's driving career ended in 2001 after getting injured in a wreck at Bristol Motor Speedway. Before then, Dillon had no top-10s and his best 2001 finish was 18th at Atlanta. The following was a quote from RCR:

> *"Richard Childress Racing (RCR) named Mike Skinner as the driver for its BGN #21 Rockwell Automation team this weekend at Texas while fulltime driver Mike Dillon recuperates from injuries sustained from a March 24 crash at Bristol. "Mike (Dillon) took a hard lick at Bristol so he's pretty sore and stiff," said Richard Childress, president and CEO of Richard Childress Racing Enterprises, Inc. "He also took a hard lick a couple of weeks ago testing in Nashville. Everyone knows racing at Texas Motor Speedway can be very tough. So, to do what's best for our team and for Rockwell Automation, we've asked Skinner to step in for now to get the job done." None of Dillon's injuries were serious and a CT scan proved negative. His status will be reevaluated after this weekend."*

Dillon was more injured than originally thought, and eventually, Dillon quietly stepped aside from the team. Mike Dillon currently serves as the General Manager of Richard Childress Racing's three NASCAR Cup teams. Beginning in 2007, Dillon was the spotter for the Richard Childress owned #33, then driven by Clint Bowyer.

### Craftsman Truck Series

Dillon made three career starts in the Craftsman Truck Series, all for Richard Childress. In 1997, Dillon made his debut at Phoenix driving the #33 Realtree Chevy, where he started 29th and finished 26th.

The other two starts were in 1999, running at Watkins Glen and Milwaukee. The 26th in '97 would remain his best finish as he finished 30th at the Glen and 32nd at Milwaukee. However, he did set his career best start of 24th at Watkins Glen.

## Personal life

Dillon's sons Austin and Ty compete in the NASCAR Cup Series. Mike is the son-in-law of Richard Childress.

## Motorsports career results

### NASCAR

(key) (**Bold** – Pole position awarded by qualifying time. *Italics* – Pole position earned by points standings or practice time. * – Most laps led.)

#### Winston Cup Series

| NASCAR Winston Cup Series results | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Year | Team | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | NWCC | Pts | Ref |
| 1997 | Richard Childress Racing | 3 | Chevy | DAY | CAR | RCH | ATL | DAR | TEX | BRI | MAR | SON | TAL | CLT | DOV | POC | MCH | CAL | DAY | NHA | POC | IND | GLN | MCH | BRI | DAR
RL | RCH | NHA | DOV | MAR | CLT | TAL | CAR | PHO | ATL |  | NA | - | n/a |
| 1998 | | 31 | | DAY | CAR | LVS | ATL | DAR | BRI | TEX | MAR | TAL | CAL
35 | CLT | DOV | RCH | MCH | POC | SON | NHA | POC | IND | GLN | MCH | BRI | NHA | DAR | RCH | DOV | MAR | CLT | TAL | DAY | PHO | CAR | ATL | 66th | 58 |  |
|
| – Relieved Dale Earnhardt in race. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

#### Busch Series

| NASCAR Busch Series results | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Year | Team | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | NBSC | Pts | Ref |
| 1993 |  |  |  | DAY | CAR | RCH | DAR | BRI | HCY | ROU | MAR | NZH | CLT | DOV | MYB | GLN | MLW | TAL | IRP | MCH | NHA | BRI | DAR | RCH | DOV | ROU | CLT | MAR | CAR | HCY
DNQ | ATL |  | | | | | NA | - |  |
| 1995 | Richard Childress Racing | 12 | Chevy | DAY | CAR | RCH | ATL | NSV | DAR | BRI | HCY
16 | NHA | NZH | CLT | DOV | MYB
17 | GLN | MLW | TAL | SBO
18 | IRP | MCH | BRI | DAR | RCH | DOV | CLT
42 | CAR
29 | HOM |  | | | | | | | 54th | 449 |  |
| 1996 | Parker Racing | 72 | Chevy | DAY
15 | CAR
32 | RCH
23 | ATL
14 | NSV
20 | DAR
26 | BRI
DNQ | HCY
26 | NZH
25 | CLT
DNQ | DOV
38 | SBO
10 | MYB
21 | GLN
19 | MLW
33 | NHA
23 | TAL
29 | IRP
21 | MCH
35 | BRI | DAR
22 | RCH
18 | DOV
28 | CLT
DNQ | CAR
15 | HOM
DNQ |  | | | | | | | 23rd | 1945 |  |
| 1997 | | | | DAY
18 | CAR
31 | RCH
14 | ATL
26 | LVS
10 | DAR
27 | HCY
16 | TEX
13 | BRI
31 | NSV
34 | TAL
15 | NHA
35 | NZH
21 | CLT
14 | DOV
19 | SBO
15 | GLN
18 | MLW
31 | MYB
6 | GTY
19 | IRP
11 | MCH
38 | BRI
30 | DAR
39 | RCH
16 | DOV
4 | CLT
33 | CAL
6 | CAR
23 | HOM
21 |  | | | 15th | 3008 |  |
| 1998 | | | | DAY
24 | CAR
8 | LVS
7 | NSV
42 | DAR
6 | BRI
31 | TEX
14 | HCY
4 | TAL
17 | NHA
19 | NZH
15 | CLT
21 | DOV
15 | RCH
37 | PPR
24 | GLN
5 | MLW
16 | MYB
20 | CAL
10 | SBO
16 | IRP
14 | MCH
13 | BRI
40 | DAR
40 | RCH
26 | DOV
19 | CLT
18 | GTY
32 | CAR
7 | ATL
33 | HOM
24 |  | | 12th | 3250 |  |
| 1999 | ST Motorsports | 59 | Chevy | DAY
18 | CAR
19 | LVS
DNQ | ATL
13 | DAR
34 | TEX
28 | NSV
18 | BRI
32 | TAL
26 | CAL
13 | NHA
32 | RCH
13 | NZH
21 | CLT
DNQ | DOV
16 | SBO
27 | GLN
7 | MLW
35 | MYB
30 | PPR
27 | GTY
31 | IRP
23 | MCH
19 | BRI
23 | DAR
31 | RCH
27 | DOV
13 | CLT
12 | CAR
33 | MEM
18 | PHO
37 | HOM
27 |  | 16th | 2795 |  |
| 2000 | Richard Childress Racing | 21 | Chevy | DAY
9 | CAR
17 | LVS
22 | ATL
19 | DAR
13 | BRI
37 | TEX
38 | NSV
37 | TAL
34 | CAL
28 | RCH
19 | NHA
36 | CLT
18 | DOV
32 | SBO
20 | MYB
37 | GLN
19 | MLW
25 | NZH
37 | PPR
20 | GTY
32 | IRP
12 | MCH
22 | BRI
32 | DAR
21 | RCH
17 | DOV
8 | CLT
20 | CAR
36 | MEM
27 | PHO
31 | HOM
DNQ |  | 23rd | 2743 |  |
| 2001 | | | | DAY
29 | CAR
19 | LVS
18 | ATL
20 | DAR
28 | BRI
37 | TEX | NSH | TAL | CAL | RCH | NHA | NZH | CLT | DOV | KEN | MLW | GLN | CHI | GTY | PPR | IRP | MCH | BRI | DAR | RCH | DOV | KAN | CLT | MEM | PHO | CAR | HOM | 56th | 525 |  |

#### Craftsman Truck Series

| NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series results | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Year | Team | No. | Make | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | NCWTC | Pts | Ref |
| 1997 | Richard Childress Racing | 33 | Chevy | WDW | TUS | HOM | PHO | POR | EVG | I70 | NHA | TEX | BRI | NZH | MLW | LVL | CNS | HPT | IRP | FLM | NSV | GLN | RCH | MAR | SON | MMR | CAL | PHO
16 | LVS | 114th | 85 |  |
| 1999 | | 8 | | HOM | PHO | EVG | MMR | MAR | MEM | PPR | I70 | BRI | TEX | PIR | GLN
30 | MLW
32 | NSV | NZH | MCH | NHA | IRP | GTY | HPT | RCH | LVS | LVL | TEX | CAL |  | 79th | 140 |  |

## InfoBox

| Mike Dillon | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Michael Dillon
(1965-02-01) February 1, 1965
Lexington, North Carolina, U.S. |
| NASCAR Cup Series career | |
| 1 race run over 1 year | |
| Best finish | 66th (1998) |
| First race | 1998 California 500 (Fontana) |
| Wins Top tens Poles  0 0 0 | |
|  | |
| NASCAR Xfinity Series career | |
| 154 races run over 7 years | |
| Best finish | 12th (1998) |
| First race | 1995 Sundrop 400 (Hickory) |
| Last race | 2001 Cheez-It 250 (Bristol) |
| Wins Top tens Poles  0 15 0 | |
|  | |
| NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series career | |
| 3 races run over 2 years | |
| Best finish | 79th (1999) |
| First race | 1997 GM Goodwrench / Delco 300 (Phoenix) |
| Last race | 1999 DieHard 200 (Milwaukee) |
| Wins Top tens Poles  0 0 0 | |
|  | |


title: Mike Dimmel

abstract: Michael Wayne Dimmel is an American former professional baseball player who played 3 seasons in Major League Baseball. He was originally drafted by the Los Angeles Dodgers in the 6th round of the 1973 Major League Baseball Draft. He was later drafted by the Baltimore Orioles from the Dodgers in the 1976 Rule 5 draft. After two seasons with the Orioles he was traded to the St. Louis Cardinals for Benny Ayala. Dimmel played high school baseball at Logansport High School for Coach Jim Turner and Butch Jones. Dimmel is currently a Senior Vice President of Investments with Morgan Stanley out of its Dallas office. He began his business career as a financial adviser with Underwood Neuhaus in 1985.

text:
# Mike Dimmel

**Michael Wayne Dimmel**  (born October 16, 1954) is an American former professional baseball player who played 3 seasons in Major League Baseball. He was originally drafted by the Los Angeles Dodgers in the 6th round of the 1973 Major League Baseball Draft. He was later drafted by the Baltimore Orioles from the Dodgers in the 1976 Rule 5 draft. After two seasons with the Orioles he was traded to the St. Louis Cardinals for Benny Ayala. Dimmel played high school baseball at Logansport High School for Coach Jim Turner and Butch Jones.

Dimmel is currently a Senior Vice President of Investments with Morgan Stanley out of its Dallas office. He began his business career as a financial adviser with Underwood Neuhaus in 1985.

## InfoBox

| Mike Dimmel | |
| --- | --- |
| **Outfielder** | |
| **Born:**  (1954-10-16) October 16, 1954<br>Albert Lea, Minnesota, U.S. | |
| **Batted:** Right**Threw:** Right | |
| MLB debut | |
| September 2, 1977, for the Baltimore Orioles | |
| Last MLB appearance | |
| April 18, 1979, for the St. Louis Cardinals | |
| MLB statistics | |
| Batting average | .125 |
| Home runs | 0 |
| RBI | 0 |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: We Built a Fire

abstract: We Built a Fire is the second full-length album from Icelandic band Seabear.

text:
# We Built a Fire

***We Built a Fire*** is the second full-length album from Icelandic band Seabear.

## Track listing

1. "Lion Face Boy" (3:37)
2. "Fire Dies Down" (4:36)
3. "I'll Build You a Fire"
4. "Cold Summer"
5. "Wooden Teeth"
6. "Leafmask"
7. "Softship"
8. "We Fell Off the Roof"
9. "Warm Blood"
10. "In Winter's Eyes"
11. "Wolfboy"

genre: Indie folk, Indie pop, Baroque pop

## InfoBox

| We Built a Fire | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Seabear | |
| Released | 2010 |
| Genre | Indie folk, indie pop, baroque pop |
| Length | 46:00 |
| Label | Morr Music |
| Producer | Seabear |
| Seabear chronology | |
| *The Ghost That Carried Us Away*
(2007) ***We Built a Fire***
(2010) *While the Fire Dies EP*
(2010) | |


title: We Call It Acieed

abstract: "We Call It Acieed" is the debut single by British musician D Mob. An acid house-influenced song from the debut album A Little Bit of This, a Little Bit of That, it features vocals by Gary Haisman. The song reached No. 1 on Billboard's Dance Music/Club Play Singles chart and No. 25 on the Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales chart in 1989. It also reached number 3 on the UK Singles Chart. The song is also featured on the compilation albums Dance Massive, Vol. 2 [Phantom], History of Techno [ZYX], Smash Hits 1988 and Acid House Anthems.

text:
# We Call It Acieed

"**We Call It Acieed**" is the debut single by British musician D Mob. An acid house-influenced song from the debut album *A Little Bit of This, a Little Bit of That*, it features vocals by Gary Haisman. The song reached No. 1 on *Billboard*'s Dance Music/Club Play Singles chart and No. 25 on the Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales chart in 1989. It also reached number 3 on the UK Singles Chart.

The song is also featured on the compilation albums *Dance Massive, Vol. 2 \[Phantom\]*, *History of Techno \[ZYX\]*, *Smash Hits 1988* and *Acid House Anthems*.

## Video

The video features D Mob and singing in front of people with yellow masks in the shapes of triangles, squares and circles, with the occasional mask of an eye. The song involves Haisman chanting "Acieed" through the entire video. The yellow smiley face icon had recently been adopted as a symbol of the acid house scene.

The original music video only lasted approximately two minutes long, as the record label FFRR did not think the song would be a hit and chose not to spend further money. Many years later, an unofficial edit of the video was made, stretching the length out to the full 3 minutes and 14 seconds of the radio version by repeating certain parts.

## Removal from BBC Playlist

Because the song seemed to be condoning drug use (despite Danny D's claim that the song was about the music and points that out in the lyrics; Poku also notes that he does not smoke, drink, or take drugs), in October 1988, the BBC removed the song from their playlists. The decision to ban the song came especially after Caron Keating and a smiley face T-shirted Steve Wright enthusiastically introduced the video for the song on the 20 October 1988 edition of *Top of the Pops* during an acid house backlash from tabloids, and this led to an absence of any records that referenced acid house on the show until "Stakker Humanoid" by Humanoid two months later.

The track was used as a plot device on the BBC soap *EastEnders* in 2018.

## Charts

| Charts (1988–89) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Australia (ARIA) | 85 |
| Germany (Media Control Charts) | 22 |
| Irish Singles Chart | 16 |
| Netherlands (Single Top 100) | 42 |
| UK Singles Chart | 3 |
| US *Billboard* Dance/Club Play Chart | 1 |

## InfoBox

| "We Call It Acieed" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by D Mob featuring Gary Haisman | |
| from the album  *A Little Bit of This, a Little Bit of That* | |
| Released | 3 October 1988 |
| Recorded | 1988 |
| Genre |  |
| Length | 3:17 |
| Label | FFRR |
| Songwriter(s) | D Mob (as The D) |
| Producer(s) | Danny D |
| D Mob singles chronology | |
| "**We Call It Acieed**"
(1988) "It Is Time to Get Funky"
(1989) | |
|  | |
| Music video | |
| "We Call It Acieed" on YouTube | |
|  | |


title: We Came, We Saw...

abstract: We Came, We Saw... is an album of compiled live tracks by the Welsh rock band Budgie, collected from their performances at the Reading Festival in 1980 and 1982, with an emphasis on songs released during that period rather than the band's older, more well-known work. Heavier Than Air - Rarest Eggs is a companion to this album. These tracks were later included, along with others, on the 2006 collection The BBC Recordings.

text:
# We Came, We Saw...

***We Came, We Saw...*** is an album of compiled live tracks by the Welsh rock band Budgie, collected from their performances at the Reading Festival in 1980 and 1982, with an emphasis on songs released during that period rather than the band's older, more well-known work. *Heavier Than Air - Rarest Eggs* is a companion to this album. These tracks were later included, along with others, on the 2006 collection *The BBC Recordings*.

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| *Allmusic* |  |

## Track listing

Disc 1:

1. "Breaking All the House Rules"
2. "Crime Against the World"
3. "Napoleon Bonaparte"
4. "Forearm Smash"
5. "Panzer Division Destroyed!"
6. "Wildfire"
7. "Breadfan"

Disc 2:

1. "Forearm Smash"
2. "Crime Against the World"
3. "I Turned to Stone"
4. "Truth Drug"
5. "Superstar"
6. "She Used Me Up"
7. "Panzer Division Destroyed"

## InfoBox

| We Came, We Saw... | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Live album by Budgie | |
| Released | 1998 |
| Recorded | 1980–82 |
| Venue | Reading Festival, Reading |
| Genre | Hard rock, heavy metal |
| Label | Pilot |
| Producer | Budgie |
| Budgie chronology | |
| *Heavier Than Air - Rarest Eggs*
(1998) ***We Came, We Saw...***
(1998) *Radio Sessions 1974 & 1978*
(2005) | |