title: The Dingo (radio play)

abstract: The Dingo is a 1940 Australian radio play by Vance Palmer based on his short story of the same name. Leslie Rees wrote the play "has much of Vance Palmer’s characteristic skill in dual plot- weaving, all his precise knowledge of people and places, his ability to avoid an obvious denouement, along with what some would say is a temperamental swerving from direfct conflict. Itis a play of symbol, a story-telling technique that the author has mastered." Wireless Weekly said "Only once in a while comes a play as arresting and unusual as Vance Palmer’s “The Dingo,’’... Without flagrantly departing from orthodox play-form, it suggests something new in drama. It suggests that life itself can be drama, without laborious machinations and exploitation of the long arm of coincidence... A brief gem of a play." The play was popular and was produced again in 1944. It was one of several Palmer stories set in Queensland.

text:
# The Dingo (radio play)

***The Dingo*** is a 1940 Australian radio play by Vance Palmer based on his short story of the same name.

Leslie Rees wrote the play "has much of Vance Palmer’s characteristic skill in dual plot- weaving, all his precise knowledge of people and places, his ability to avoid an obvious denouement, along with what some would say is a temperamental swerving from direfct conflict. Itis a play of symbol, a story-telling technique that the author has mastered."

*Wireless Weekly* said "Only once in a while comes a play as arresting and unusual as Vance Palmer’s “The Dingo,’’... Without flagrantly departing from orthodox play-form, it suggests something new in drama. It suggests that life itself can be drama, without laborious machinations and exploitation of the long arm of coincidence... A brief gem of a play."

The play was popular and was produced again in 1944. It was one of several Palmer stories set in Queensland.

## Premise

"Olsen, a lighthouse-keeper on the Queensland coast has been waiting up for his daughter. His dog sleeps at his feet. In the distance is a faint, dreamy boom of breakers on the river-bar, but gradually, penetrating this background of dull sound, comes the mournful howl of a dingo. In those few words, one has the chief symbols of the story, which parallels the behaviour of the dingo and Conolly, boat-owner and betrayer of women."


title: Mykola Karpov

abstract: Mykola Karpov was a Ukrainian playwright.

text:
# Mykola Karpov

**Mykola Karpov** (8 July 1929 in Poltava – 6 April 2003 in Kyiv) was a Ukrainian playwright.

## Early life

Karpov took part in the Great Patriotic War (Second World War), being a sea cadet in the Black Sea Fleet at the age of 14. He graduated from the Central Komsomol School department of journalism in 1956 and from the Taras Shevchenko Kyiv State University history department in 1961.

## Government career

Karpov worked for Komsomol and the Communist Party. He was editor-in-chief of the central administrative board in film production of Ministry of Culture of the Ukrainian SSR. From 1976 to 2000, he was a secretary of the Committee of the National Union of Cinematographers of Ukraine.

## Works

Karpov was the author of numerous films, including:

* *The Duty of Everyone*
* *Landing Force to Immortality* (1965)
* *Commander Dybenko* (1966)
* *Mamai Barrow*
* *Brest Fortress*
* *Ships are Going* (1969)
* *We are Communists* (1971)
* *Four Orders of Commander Fedko*
* *The First Flag of soviet Fleet* (1979)
* *Young Chief* (1982)

His books include:

* *Young Chief* (1958)
* *Towards Storm* (1960)
* *Through Gales and Storms* (1961)
* *Mysterious Olena* (1962)


title: Northern Counties (bus manufacturer)

abstract: The Northern Counties Motor & Engineering Company was an English builder of bus and coach bodywork based in Wigan.

text:
# Northern Counties (bus manufacturer)

The **Northern Counties Motor & Engineering Company** was an English builder of bus and coach bodywork based in Wigan.

## History

Northern Counties Motor & Engineering Company was founded in Wigan in 1919 by Henry Lewis. The Lewis family remained owners of the company until it was bought out over seventy years later. As was common at the time, early products were bodywork and repairs for private automobiles together with a tyre fitting service. By the early 1920s, the private automobile work had ceased and the manufacture of bodywork for service buses commenced. Bodywork was for both single and double deck vehicles. Very few coaches were produced.

During World War II, Northern Counties was authorised by the government to produce bus bodies to a utility specification, mainly using steel-framed construction.

Northern Counties established a loyal client base and reputation for quality construction in the post-war years. Notable clients included local operators SHMD Board, Manchester Corporation and Lancashire United Transport. Further afield, Barton Transport and Southdown Motor Services were among a number of regular customers.

### 1960s

In 1967, fellow bodybuilder Massey Brothers, located in nearby Pemberton, was acquired and became a part of the Northern Counties operations.' The Massey factory was retained and used as a paint-shop and for final completion of bodywork assembled at Wigan Lane.

The Transport Act 1968 merged the municipal corporations of Manchester, Salford, Bolton, Oldham, Stockport, Rochdale, Bury and Stalybridge, Hyde, Mossley and Dukinfield Joint Board (SHMD Board). The resulting conglomerate was known as the Southeast Lancashire Northeast Cheshire Passenger Transport Authority, commonly known as SELNEC. SELNEC was faced with a fleet of 2,500 vehicles consisting of a wide variety of types and manufacturers, reflecting the preferences of their former municipal owners. Northern Counties worked closely with SELNEC to develop a standard bus for fleet replacement.

### 1970s

The Local Government Act 1972 came into effect on 1 April 1974. This reorganisation added Wigan Corporation Transport to SELNEC to create the Greater Manchester Passenger Transport Executive that was the largest bus operator outside London until privatisation in the late 1980s. A large proportion of Northern Counties production after this time was for the Greater Manchester fleet.

In 1975 the company collaborated with Foden, a well-known manufacturer of commercial vehicles, to produce a semi-integral double-deck vehicle intended to compete with chassis manufacturer Leyland. Leyland had merged with traditional rival Daimler and was experiencing production and quality problems. In the event, only seven Foden NCs were produced, going to Greater Manchester PTE, West Midlands PTE, West Yorkshire PTE, Derby City Transport and Potteries Motor Traction.

### 1980-1999

In June 1983, Greater Manchester Transport purchased a 49% shareholding in the business.

In May 1991, Northern Counties was placed in administration.

Northern Counties reputation and engineering skills saw it survive these difficult times and become a major supplier once again as demand picked up in the mid-1990s. In May 1995, it was purchased for £10 million by the Henlys Group, owner of Plaxton. The Northern Counties name was dropped in 1999, and vehicles were badged as Plaxton.

### 2000s

In 2000, Henlys entered a joint venture with the Mayflower Corporation, owner of bodybuilder Alexander and chassis manufacturer Dennis. The joint venture was known as TransBus, and vehicles were badged using the TransBus name.

On 31 March 2004, TransBus International was put into administration. On 21 May 2004, TransBus International was bought by a consortium of merchant banker Noble Grossart, and businessmen David Murray and Brian Souter. The new company was named Alexander Dennis. On 26 January 2005, the former Northern Counties Wigan plant closed, after completing outstanding orders of Plaxton President bodies.

## Products

* Ogden, Eric; (1976). *Northern Counties of Wigan*. The Transport Publishing Company. ISBN 0-903839-10-5.
* Booth, Gavin (1983). *The British Bus Today and Tomorrow*. Ian Allan Ltd. ISBN 0-7110-1296-2
* Townsin, Alan (1985). *The British Bus Story - The 'Sixties - Turbulent Times*. The Transport Publishing Company. ISBN 0-86317-118-4

## Further reading

* Rowe, Bob (2006). *Northern Counties of Wigan*. Venture Publications Ltd. ISBN 1-905304-02-1

## InfoBox

Northern Counties Motor & Engineering Company
|
|  |
| Founded | 1919 |
| Founder | Henry Lewis |
| Defunct | 2005 |
| Successor | Alexander Dennis |
| Headquarters | Wigan |
| Products | Bus and coach bodywork |


title: Žebřík Music Awards

abstract: The Žebřík Music Awards is a Czech awards show organized by music and style magazine iReport to honor the best artists in Czech Republic and internationally. It was first held in 1993 to announce the winners of their 1992 poll, following the same pattern ever since. The ceremony is usually held every year at Plzeň's DEPO2015, except in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which led winners from both 2019 and 2020 polls to be reported in 2021.

text:
# Žebřík Music Awards

The **Žebřík Music Awards** (also known as **Music Ladder Awards**) is a Czech awards show organized by music and style magazine *iReport* to honor the best artists in Czech Republic and internationally. It was first held in 1993 to announce the winners of their 1992 poll, following the same pattern ever since. The ceremony is usually held every year at Plzeň's DEPO2015, except in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which led winners from both 2019 and 2020 polls to be reported in 2021.

## Categories

The Žebřík Music Awards are divided into two parts: home stage (domestic) and international (foreign). Winners and nominees for each category are decided by the public through SMS or by filling a voting form in the *iReport* website. The first round goes from January 1 to 31 and results in five nominees in ten categories, while the second round takes place from February 1 to 28 and determines the final ranking in each category.

| Current Awards Categories | |
| --- | --- |
| Home Stage | International |
| Group of the Year | Group of the Year |
| Album of the Year | Album of the Year |
| Composition or Song of the Year | Composition of the Year |
| Video Clip of the Year | Video Clip of the Year |
| Male Singer of the Year | Male Singer of the Year |
| Female Singer of the Year | Female Singer of the Year |
| Discovery of the Year | Discovery of the Year |
| Action of the Year | Action of the Year |
| Movie of the Year | Movie of the Year |
| Prize Memoriam | Prize Memoriam |
| * Special Prize | * Special Prize |

## InfoBox

| Žebřík Music Awards | |
| --- | --- |
| Description | honouring excellence in music achievements for Czech musicians |
| Country | Czech Republic |
| First awarded | 1993, 29 years ago |
| Website | https://www.anketazebrik.cz |


title: Nikon F 70-300mm lens

abstract:
The 70-300mm lens is a telephoto zoom lens made by Nikon.
The lens has an F-mount to work with all the SLRs line of cameras, although the more recent AF-P lenses will not focus on film SLRs or older DSLRs. The lens comes in seven different versions:
  - AF f/4-5.6D
  - AF f/4-5.6D ED
  - AF f/4-5.6G
  - AF-S f/4.5-5.6G IF-ED VR
  - AF-P f/4.5-6.3G ED DX
  - AF-P f/4.5-6.3G ED VR DX
  - AF-P f/4.5-5.6E ED VR It is the successor of the 70-210 lens, which targets the prosumer market, one grade lower than 80-200mm with large aperture. Introduced in August 2006, the current incarnation of the lens improves on the original with VR stabilization technology as well as with internally focusing components (IF). More expensive than its partner 55-200mm lens, its construction is similar, with the exterior shell being fabricated from plastic components. This is extremely lightweight telephoto lens. It also shares a similarly stiff zoom ring with the 55-200mm, although a side benefit of this is that zoom creep is eliminated. Unlike the 55-200, the 70-300mm lens is full-frame. Also, the longer barrel length allowed the focus ring to be relocated in front of the zoom ring, making manual focus operations simpler.

text:
# Nikon F 70-300mm lens

The **70-300mm lens** is a telephoto zoom lens made by Nikon. The lens has an F-mount to work with all the SLRs line of cameras (except the early 70-300G with the D40), although the more recent AF-P lenses will not focus on film SLRs or older DSLRs (roughly before 2013).

The lens comes in seven different versions:

* AF f/4-5.6D
* AF f/4-5.6D ED
* AF f/4-5.6G
* AF-S f/4.5-5.6G IF-ED VR
* AF-P f/4.5-6.3G ED DX
* AF-P f/4.5-6.3G ED VR DX
* AF-P f/4.5-5.6E ED VR

It is the successor of the 70-210 lens, which targets the prosumer market, one grade lower than 80-200mm with large aperture.

Introduced in August 2006, the current incarnation of the lens (AF-S VR f/4.5-5.6G IF-ED) improves on the original with VR stabilization technology as well as with internally focusing components (IF). More expensive than its partner 55-200mm lens, its construction is similar, with the exterior shell being fabricated from plastic components. This is extremely lightweight telephoto lens. It also shares a similarly stiff zoom ring with the 55-200mm, although a side benefit of this is that zoom creep is eliminated. Unlike the 55-200, the 70-300mm lens is full-frame. Also, the longer barrel length allowed the focus ring to be relocated in front of the zoom ring, making manual focus operations simpler.

## Specifications

| Attribute | AF f/ 4-5.6G | AF f/4-5.6D ED | AF-S VR f/4.5-5.6G IF-ED |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Vibration Reduction | No | | Yes |
| Silent Wave Motor | No | | Yes |
| Maximum aperture | f/4-5.6 | | f/4.5-5.6 |
| Minimum aperture | f/32 | | f/32-40 |
| Weight | 425 g | 505 g | 745 g |
| Maximum diameter | 74 mm | | 80 mm |
| Length | 116.5 mm | 116 mm | 143.5 mm |
| Filter diameter | 62 mm | | 67 mm |
| Horizontal viewing angle |  | | |
| Vertical viewing angle |  | | |
| Diagonal viewing angle |  | | |
| Groups/elements | 9/13 | | 12/17 |
| \# of diaphragm blades | 9 | | |
| Closest focusing distance | 1.5 metres | | |
| Release date | 24 March 2001 | 25 March 1998 | 9 August 2006 |
| MSRP |  |  |  |

1. "Nikon Telephoto Zoom Lens AF-P DX NIKKOR 70-300mm f / 4.5-6.3G ED VR Nikon DX format only". *www.discovery-japan.me*. Retrieved 2023-02-02.
2. "Nikon 70-300mm f/4-5.6G AF Nikkor SLR Camera Lens Review". *anyshotpro.com*. Retrieved 2017-09-15.


title: Lelo Saracens

abstract: Lelo Saracens (or formally Rugby Club Lelo Tbilisi) is a Georgian semi-professional rugby union club from Tbilisi, who plays in the Georgia Championship, the first division of Georgian rugby. The team was Champion in 2004, 2009 and 2013. In July 2014, they became part of the Saracens global network, the ninth club to do so.

text:
# Lelo Saracens

**Lelo Saracens** *(or formally Rugby Club Lelo Tbilisi)* is a Georgian semi-professional rugby union club from Tbilisi, who plays in the Georgia Championship, the first division of Georgian rugby. The team was Champion in 2004, 2009 and 2013. In July 2014, they became part of the Saracens global network, the ninth club to do so.

## Achievements

* **Didi 10**:
    + **Winners (4):** 2004, 2009, 2015, 2016
    + **Runner-up (5):** 2007, 2008, 2010, 2013, 2014
* **Georgia Cup:**
    + **Winners (3):** 2008, 2009, 2010

## Current squad

2020/2021 squad Note: Flags indicate national union under World Rugby eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-World Rugby nationality.

| Player Position Union  Levan Papidze Hooker  Georgia  Tengiz Zamtaradze Hooker  Georgia  **Giorgi Chkoidze** Hooker  Georgia  Zurab Julakidze Prop  Georgia  David Lazviashvili Prop  Georgia  Nika Kapanadze Prop  Georgia  Giorgi Pertaia Prop  Georgia  Irakli Macharashvili Prop  Georgia  Nika Svimonishvili Prop  Georgia  Davit Kavtaradze Prop  Georgia  Irakli Metaplishvili Prop  Georgia  Mate Dardzulidze Lock  Georgia  **Grigol Kerdikoshvili** Lock  Georgia  Rati Zhorzholiani Lock  Georgia  Archil Abesadze Flanker  Georgia  Giorgi Pridonishvili Flanker  Georgia  Levan Skhvitaridze Flanker  Georgia  Koba Kolotauri Flanker  Georgia  Gaga Jgarkava Number 8  Georgia  Beka Koriauli Number 8  Georgia  Tornike Kiknadze Number 8  Georgia | Player Position Union  Tornike Akhobadze Scrum-half  Georgia  **Giorgi Margalitadze** Scrum-half  Georgia  Tengiz Peranidze Scrum-half  Georgia  Rati Shanidze Fly-half  Georgia  Gigi Chincharauli Fly-half  Georgia  Bezhan Gavashelishvili Fly-half  Georgia  Beka Mamukashvili Centre  Georgia  Dame Honladze Centre  Georgia  Jaba Sikharulidze Wing  Georgia  Beka Abulashvili Wing  Georgia  Saba Nikolashvili Wing  Georgia  Otar Lashkhi Wing  Georgia  **Demur Tapladze** Wing  Georgia  **Aka Tabutsadze** Wing  Georgia  Ramaz Nikabadze Wing  Georgia |
| --- | --- |

### Notable former players

## InfoBox

Lelo Saracens
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Rugby Club Lelo Saracens |
| Founded | 1969 |
| Location | Tbilisi, Georgia |
| Ground(s) | Lelo "Arena" Stadium (Capacity: 3.000) |
| League(s) | Didi 10 |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Official website | |
| www.facebook.com/LeloSaracensTbilisi/ | |


title: Twin Cities Daily Planet

abstract:
The Twin Cities Daily Planet, in operation from 2006 until 2019, was an independent website specializing in news events in the Minneapolis – Saint Paul metropolitan area. The Twin Cities Daily Planet was a community-edited news source. It published original reported news articles, articles republished from other local and ethnic media partners, and some content articles published by affiliated local and neighborhood blogs. The Daily Planet described itself as a purveyor of "hyperlocal journalism." The Daily Planet was profiled in the Columbia Journalism Review in 2011. In 2009, the Daily Planet won overall Minnesota honors as the "best independent online news website" in the annual list of Page One honors bestowed by the Minnesota chapter of the Society of Professional Journalists.
In August and September 2015, the Daily Planet went through a massive restructuring in which almost all staff were laid off as part of the newspaper's conversion into a mouthpiece for issues journalism. Some members of the Daily Planet staff went on to found the Twin Cities Arts Reader. As of June 2023, no new articles had been posted on the Daily Planet's website since 2019.

text:
# Twin Cities Daily Planet

The ***Twin Cities Daily Planet***, in operation from 2006 until 2019, was an independent website specializing in news events in the Minneapolis – Saint Paul metropolitan area. The *Twin Cities Daily Planet* was a community-edited news source. It published original reported news articles, articles republished from other local and ethnic media partners, and some content articles published by affiliated local and neighborhood blogs. The *Daily Planet* described itself as a purveyor of "hyperlocal journalism." The *Daily Planet* was profiled in the Columbia Journalism Review in 2011.

In 2009, the *Daily Planet* won overall Minnesota honors as the "best independent online news website" in the annual list of Page One honors bestowed by the Minnesota chapter of the Society of Professional Journalists. In August and September 2015, the *Daily Planet* went through a massive restructuring in which almost all staff were laid off as part of the newspaper's conversion into a mouthpiece for issues journalism. Some members of the *Daily Planet* staff went on to found the *Twin Cities Arts Reader*. As of June 2023, no new articles had been posted on the *Daily Planet's* website since 2019.

## InfoBox

*Twin Cities Daily Planet*
| Available in | English |
| --- | --- |
| Owner | Twin Cities Media Alliance |
| URL | www.tcdailyplanet.net |


title: Sonja Roman

abstract: Sonja Roman is a Slovenian middle distance runner who specializes in the 1500 metres. She is the national record holder in the event. She finished seventh at the 2007 European Indoor Championships and won the bronze medal at the 2009 European Indoor Championships. She also competed at the European Championships in 2002 and 2006, the World Indoor Championships in 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2008, the European Indoor Championships in 2005, the World Championships in 2007 and the 2008 Olympic Games without reaching the final round. She won the 1500 m title in the First Division section of the 2009 European Team Championships and also took the 3000 m silver medal. She represented Slovenia in the 1500 m at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics and reached the semi-finals. She was ninth in the event at the 2009 IAAF World Athletics Final. Roman won the Amora Cross in Lisbon in November 2010, but said the race was not preparation for the 2010 European Cross Country Championships, but rather for the 2011 European Athletics Indoor Championships.

text:
# Sonja Roman

**Sonja Roman** (11 March 1979 in Hodoš) is a Slovenian middle distance runner who specializes in the 1500 metres. She is the national record holder (4:02,13 in Rome 2009) in the event.

She finished seventh at the 2007 European Indoor Championships and won the bronze medal at the 2009 European Indoor Championships. She also competed at the European Championships in 2002 and 2006, the World Indoor Championships in 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2008, the European Indoor Championships in 2005, the World Championships in 2007 and the 2008 Olympic Games without reaching the final round.

She won the 1500 m title in the First Division section of the 2009 European Team Championships and also took the 3000 m silver medal. She represented Slovenia in the 1500 m at the 2009 World Championships in Athletics and reached the semi-finals. She was ninth in the event at the 2009 IAAF World Athletics Final.

Roman won the Amora Cross in Lisbon in November 2010, but said the race was not preparation for the 2010 European Cross Country Championships, but rather for the 2011 European Athletics Indoor Championships.

## Competition record

| Year | Competition | Venue | Position | Event | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Slovenia | | | | | |
| 1996 | World Junior Championships | Sydney, Australia | 22nd (sf) | 800 m | 2:10.63 |
| | | | 15th (h) | 1500 m | 4:26.14 |
| 1997 | European Junior Championships | Ljubljana, Slovenia | 7th | 1500 m | 4:27.56 |
| | European Cross Country Championships | Oeiras, Portugal | 6th | Junior race (2.8 km) | 9:22 |
| 1998 | World Junior Championships | Annecy, France | 13th (sf) | 800 m | 2:08.10 |
| | | | 18th (h) | 1500 m | 4:27.11 |
| | European Cross Country Championships | Ferrara, Italy | 7th | Junior race (3.6 km) | 12:20 |
| 1999 | European U23 Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 7th (h) | 800 m | 2:04.06 |
| 2001 | European U23 Championships | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 12th | 1500 m | 4:19.86 |
| 2002 | European Championships | Munich, Germany | 30th (h) | 1500 m | 4:19.87 |
| 2003 | World Indoor Championships | Birmingham, United Kingdom | 22nd (h) | 1500 m | 4:18.09 |
| | Universiade | Daegu, South Korea | 12th (h) | 800 m | 2:05.24 |
| | | 11th | 1500 m | 4:16.20 |
| 2004 | World Indoor Championships | Budapest, Hungary | 11th (h) | 1500 m | 4:11.72 |
| 2005 | European Indoor Championships | Madrid, Spain | 11th (h) | 1500 m | 4:16.44 |
| | Mediterranean Games | Almería, Spain | 14th (h) | 1500 m | 4:19.67 |
| | Universiade | Izmir, Turkey | 9th | 1500 m | 4:18.71 |
| 2006 | World Indoor Championships | Moscow, Russia | 17th (h) | 1500 m | 4:27.96 |
| | European Championships | Gothenburg, Sweden | 22nd (h) | 1500 m | 4:13.59 |
| 2007 | European Indoor Championships | Birmingham, United Kingdom | 7th | 1500 m | 4:11.57 |
| | World Championships | Osaka, Japan | 10th (h) | 1500 m | 4:08.60 |
| 2008 | World Indoor Championships | Valencia, Spain | 5th (h) | 1500 m | 4:08.12 |
| | Olympic Games | Beijing, China | 15th (h) | 1500 m | 4:08.52 |
| 2009 | European Indoor Championships | Turin, Italy | 2nd | 1500 m | 4:11.42 |
| | World Championships | Berlin, Germany | 10th (h) | 1500 m | 4:07.10 |
| 2012 | European Championships | Helsinki, Finland | 20th (h) | 1500 m | 4:16.68 |
| | Olympic Games | London, United Kingdom | 40th (h) | 1500 m | 4:19.17 |
| 2013 | World Championships | Moscow, Russia | 18th (sf) | 1500 m | 4:08.63 |
| 2014 | European Championships | Zürich, Switzerland | 19th (h) | 1500 m | 4:16.38 |
| 2015 | European Indoor Championships | Prague, Czech Republic | 10th | 1500 m | 4:20.85 |
| | | |  | 3000 m | DNF |

## Personal bests

## InfoBox

Sonja Roman
| Medal record | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Representing  Slovenia | | |
| Women's Athletics | | |
| European Indoor Championships | | |
|  | 2009 Turin | 1500 m |


title: 13 Years (Best Of)

abstract: 13 Years is a greatest hits album released in 1993 by New Zealand reggae group, Herbs.

text:
# 13 Years (Best Of)

***13 Years (Best Of)*** is a greatest hits album released in 1993 by New Zealand reggae group, Herbs.

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Karanga Ra" |  |
| 2. | "French Letter" |  |
| 3. | "Sensitive to a Smile" |  |
| 4. | "Long Ago" |  |
| 5. | "Slice of Heaven" (featuring Dave Dobbyn) |  |
| 6. | "Listen" |  |
| 7. | "Homegrown" |  |
| 8. | "Dragons & Demons" |  |
| 9. | "Nuclear Waste" |  |
| 10. | "Light of the Pacific" |  |
| 11. | "No Nukes" |  |
| 12. | "Amazing Grace" |  |
| 13. | "Jah Son" |  |
| 14. | "Anthem" |  |
| 15. | "Azania (Soon Come)" |  |
| 16. | "Till We Kissed" |  |
| 17. | "Rust in Dust" |  |
| 18. | "E Papa" |  |

## InfoBox

| 13 Years (Best Of) | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Greatest hits album by Herbs | |
| Released | 1993 |
| Recorded | 1981–1993 |
| Herbs chronology | |
| *Long Ago*
(1984) ***13 Years (Best Of)***
(1993) *Listen: The Very Best Of*
(2002) | |


title: Villa Crespi (Orta San Giulio)

abstract: Villa Crespi is a 19th-century Moorish revival-style rural palace, now a luxury hotel and restaurant, located on Via G. Fava 18, near the shores of Lago D'Orta in the town of Orta San Giulio, Province of Novara, Piedmont, Italy.

text:
# Villa Crespi (Orta San Giulio)

**Villa Crespi** is a 19th-century Moorish revival-style rural palace, now a luxury hotel and restaurant, located on Via G. Fava 18, near the shores of Lago D'Orta in the town of Orta San Giulio, Province of Novara, Piedmont, Italy.

## History

The Villa, once also called Villa Pia, was commissioned in 1879 by a wealthy cotton merchant, Cristoforo Benigno Crespi, from the architect Angelo Colla. The Villa with its restaurant is located southeast of the town below the Sacro Monte di Orta.

## Description

It is notable for its scenic tall minaret-like tower. The interior atrium has a dazzling degree of stucco arabesque decoration.

## InfoBox

| Villa Crespi | |
| --- | --- |
| Villa Crespi in Orta San Giulio | |
| Click on the map for a fullscreen view | |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Eclectic |
| Location | Orta San Giulio, Italy |
| Coordinates | 45°47′47″N 8°24′58″E / 45.7964°N 8.4161°E / 45.7964; 8.4161 |


title: The Diary of Anne Frank (opera)

abstract: The Diary of Anne Frank is a monodrama in 21 scenes for soprano and chamber orchestra, composed in 1968 and first performed in 1972. The music and libretto are by Grigory Frid, after the eponymous 1942-1944 diary.

text:
# The Diary of Anne Frank (opera)

***The Diary of Anne Frank*** («Дневник Анны Франк» Dnevnik Anny Frank) is a monodrama in 21 scenes for soprano and chamber orchestra, composed in 1968 and first performed in 1972. The music and libretto are by Grigory Frid, after the eponymous 1942-1944 diary.

## Plot

The 13-year-old Anne Frank is hiding with her family in a house in Amsterdam from July 1942 until their arrest in August 1944. She describes the people she sees, her different moods, and her emotions in her diary, telling of her pleasure at a birthday gift, or the sight of blue sky from her window, or her awakening attraction for Peter, but also her fear and loneliness.

## Description

Frid wrote his own libretto for the work, structuring the original texts to provide a rich and varied portrait of Anne and the people around her in 21 brief scenes. The opera lasts one hour.

## Scenes

1. Prelude
2. Birthday
3. School
4. Conversation with Father
5. Summons to the Gestapo
6. The Hiding Place / The Bell Tower West
7. At the Little Window
8. I Was Told
9. Despair
10. Memory
11. Dream
12. Interlude
13. Duet of Mr and Mrs Van Daan
14. Thieves
15. Recitative
16. I Think of Peter
17. On the Russian Front
18. Razzia
19. Loneliness
20. Passacaglia
21. Finale

The opera, composed in 1968, was first performed with piano accompaniment at the All-Union House of Composers in Moscow on either 17 or 18 May 1972.

## Reception

The opera's intimate nature and chamber orchestra scale means that it works well in small spaces and using small forces. In summer 2012, Operabase listed it as the most frequently staged lyric work by a living composer over the previous five years.

Opera Performances: American-Armenian Soprano Ani Maldjian performed the title role in the US Premiere. Other premieres performed by her include Ireland, France and Belgium.

## Discography

* *Das Tagebuch der Anne Frank* (sung in German) Sandra Schwarzhaupt, soprano, Emsland Ensemble, Hans Erik Deckert, Profil PH04044,
* *The Diary of Anne Frank* (sung in Russian) Eva Ben-Tsvi soprano, Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra, Andrey Chistiakov, reissued Brilliant Classics
* *Das Tagebuch der Anne Frank* (sung in German) Nina Maria Plangg, soprano, Jury Everhartz, conductor, sirene Operntheater, Storm Cinema

## Sources


title: Nova Scotia Route 203

abstract: Route 203 is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia. It is located in Shelburne and Yarmouth Counties and runs through a sparsely populated area including Argyle Municipality from Shelburne at Trunk 3 along the border of the Tobeatic Wilderness Area through Kemptville and connects to Nova Scotia Route 340 at Carleton. The village of East Kemptville is the only part of a municipality in Nova Scotia disconnected from the rest of the district by roads, and accessible only from other districts via Highway 203. Route 203 is considered the loneliest road in the province because it has the longest uninhabited stretch of any paved highway in Nova Scotia.

text:
# Nova Scotia Route 203

**Route 203** is a collector road in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.

It is located in Shelburne and Yarmouth Counties and runs through a sparsely populated area including Argyle Municipality from Shelburne at Trunk 3 along the border of the Tobeatic Wilderness Area through Kemptville and connects to Nova Scotia Route 340 at Carleton. The village of East Kemptville is the only part of a municipality in Nova Scotia disconnected from the rest of the district by roads, and accessible only from other districts via Highway 203.

Route 203 is considered the loneliest road in the province because it has the longest uninhabited stretch of any paved highway in Nova Scotia.

## Communities

## Parks & Protected Area

## Businesses

* Trout Point Lodge of Nova Scotia
* Kemptville Corner Store
* Black Bull Resources White Rock Mine

## InfoBox

| Route 203 | |
| --- | --- |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by Nova Scotia Department of Transportation and Infrastructure Renewal | |
| Length | 83 km (52 mi) |
| Major junctions | |
| West end | Route 340 / Trunk 40 in Carleton |
| Major intersections | Hwy 103 in Shelburne |
| East end | Trunk 3 in Shelburne |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Nova Scotia |
| Counties | Yarmouth, Shelburne |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| Route 202   Route 204 | |


title: Nicolás Mahy

abstract: Nicolás Mahy Martín (1757–1822) was a Spanish military commander.

text:
# Nicolás Mahy

**Nicolás Mahy Martín** (1757–1822) was a Spanish military commander.

## Early career

Mahy enlisted in the Compañía Flamenca de Reales Guardias de Corps in 1770, unit he would stay with for over thirty years, reaching the rank of brigadier. In 1794 he saw action in the War of the Pyrenees. He was promoted to Cavalry brigadier in 1798 and in 1803 he was appointed military and political commanding officer for the province of Tuy, in Galicia.

## Peninsular War

He was promoted to field marshal a month after the outbreak of the war and in September 1808 was given command of the Reserve Division of General Blake's Army of Galicia, or Army of the Left.

His division saw action at Zornoza (31 October) and the following month at Espinosa de los Monteros (Burgos) and in the retreat from Leon to Galicia, where the command of the Army of Galicia was handed over to General La Romana.

At Monterey (March 1809), with Soult's three infantry divisions and a dragoon division approaching, La Romana spiked the guns of the fortress and abandoned it, retreating towards Puebla de Sanabria. Franceschi's horsemen, following close behind, caught up with and attacked La Romana's rearguard, some 1,200 bayonets, under Mahy, at Osoño, just outside Monterrei, killing 300 men and taking 400 prisoners, as well as capturing three standards.

In April 1809, La Romana gave him temporary command of the Army of Galicia while he himself hastened to Oviedo with one of his old corps from the Division of the North, the La Princesa Regiment, and where he staged a minor coup d’état against the Junta. While La Romana was away, Mahy expelled the French forces from Galicia with actions at Lugo, Santiago, and at Puente Sanpayo, for which he was promoted to lieutenant general. The following month, he was appointed interim commanding officer of the Army of Asturias and was able to not only push the French forces out of the mountains of Cantabria, but also to stop them re-entering Asturias.

At the beginning of 1810 Mahy had to hand over his command due to ill health and retire to La Coruña. The following May he was appointed commanding officer of the Army of Asturias and the coasts of Cantabria. In July he was also appointed governor and captain general of the Army of Galica and the Kingdom of Galicia.

In January 1811 Mahy was appointed commanding officer of the 3rd Army, stationed in Murcia. On reaching Alicante, he had to withdraw his troops from the city due to an outbreak of bubonic plague.

## Post-war career

With the Trienio Liberal and the restoration of the Constitution in 1820, Mahy was appointed captain general of Old Castile and of Cuba in 1821, post he held at the time of his death.

## InfoBox

| Nicolás Mahy | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 10 September 1757
Madrid, Spain |
| Died | 22 July 1822
La Habana, Cuba |
| Battles/wars |  |


title: Lenziemill

abstract: Lenziemill is the site one of Cumbernauld's several industrial estates, built as satellite developments on the periphery of the Scottish town's residential areas.

text:
# Lenziemill

55°56′13″N 3°59′09″W / 55.9369°N 3.9859°W / 55.9369; -3.9859

**Lenziemill** is the site one of Cumbernauld's several industrial estates, built as satellite developments on the periphery of the Scottish town's residential areas.

## Toponymy

The etymology of the name is uncertain but may distinguish the mill here in ancient Easter Lenzie from a nearby flax mill at Pettycastle in Blairlinn in the parish of Old Monklands.

## History

Several other old maps show Lenzie Mill with various spellings including maps by William Forrest, and John Thomson. There used to be a corn mill which was powered by water from the Luggie.

## Modern Estate

There are several roads on the estate, several branching from Lenziemill Road which is 12 miles from Glasgow and 30 miles from Edinburgh. Companies include Cube Glass Limited, R & S Plant Limited, Dow Waste Management, Elite Print Services, Suresafe Protection Limited, The Artificial Grass Company Scotland Ltd, Thermashield Windows & Maintenance Limited, and Bathroom And Tiles Direct Ltd.

Near of the estate is a steep glen through Luggiebank Wood which is now a nature reserve managed by the Scottish Wildlife Trust. Lenziemill is split into West and East by Jane's Brae.


title: Lytta deserticola

abstract: Lytta deserticola is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in Central America and North America.

text:
# Lytta deserticola

***Lytta deserticola*** is a species of blister beetle in the family Meloidae. It is found in Central America and North America.

## Further reading

## InfoBox

| *Lytta deserticola* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Meloidae |
| Genus: | *Lytta* |
| Species: | ***L. deserticola*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Lytta deserticola***<br>Horn, 1870 | |
|


title: Sonja Reichart

abstract: Sonja Reichart is a German freestyle skier. Reichart was born in Immenstadt, Germany. She participated in the Freestyle skiing at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, where freestyle skiing was a demonstration sport. In aerials she placed second with a score of 267.03. She received a silver medal for aerials at FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 1989. In 1990 she won the women' aerials in the Subaru World Cup Freestyle competition in Lake Placid. At the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, she was number 22 in aerials.

text:
# Sonja Reichart

**Sonja Reichart** (born 2 November 1964) is a German freestyle skier.

Reichart was born in Immenstadt, Germany. She participated in the Freestyle skiing at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary, where freestyle skiing was a demonstration sport. In aerials she placed second with a score of 267.03. She received a silver medal for aerials at FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 1989.

In 1990 she won the women' aerials in the Subaru World Cup Freestyle competition in Lake Placid. At the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, she was number 22 in aerials.


title: .bss

abstract: In computer programming, the block starting symbol is the portion of an object file, executable, or assembly language code that contains statically allocated variables that are declared but have not been assigned a value yet. It is often referred to as the "bss section" or "bss segment". Typically only the length of the bss section, but no data, is stored in the object file. The program loader allocates memory for the bss section when it loads the program. By placing variables with no value in the.bss section, instead of the.data or.rodata section which require initial value data, the size of the object file is reduced. On some platforms, some or all of the bss section is initialized to zeroes. Unix-like systems and Windows initialize the bss section to zero, which can thus be used for C and C++ statically allocated variables that are initialized to all zero bits. Operating systems may use a technique called zero-fill-on-demand to efficiently implement the bss segment. In embedded software, the bss segment is mapped into memory that is initialized to zero by the C run-time system before main is entered. Some C run-time systems may allow part of the bss segment not to be initialized; C variables must explicitly be placed into that portion of the bss segment. On some computer architectures, the application binary interface also supports an sbss segment for "small data". Typically, these data items can be accessed using shorter instructions that may only be able to access a certain range of addresses. Architectures supporting thread-local storage might use a tbss section for uninitialized, static data marked as thread-local.

text:
# .bss

In computer programming, the **block starting symbol** (abbreviated to **.bss** or **bss**) is the portion of an object file, executable, or assembly language code that contains statically allocated variables that are declared but have not been assigned a value yet. It is often referred to as the "bss section" or "bss segment".

Typically only the length of the bss section, but no data, is stored in the object file. The program loader allocates memory for the bss section when it loads the program. By placing variables with no value in the .bss section, instead of the .data or .rodata section which require initial value data, the size of the object file is reduced.

On some platforms, some or all of the bss section is initialized to zeroes. Unix-like systems and Windows initialize the bss section to zero, which can thus be used for  and C++ statically allocated variables that are initialized to all zero bits. Operating systems may use a technique called zero-fill-on-demand to efficiently implement the bss segment. In embedded software, the bss segment is mapped into memory that is initialized to zero by the C run-time system before `main()` is entered. Some C run-time systems may allow part of the bss segment not to be initialized; C variables must explicitly be placed into that portion of the bss segment.

On some computer architectures, the application binary interface also supports an **sbss** segment for "small data". Typically, these data items can be accessed using shorter instructions that may only be able to access a certain range of addresses. Architectures supporting thread-local storage might use a **tbss** section for uninitialized, static data marked as thread-local.

## Origin

Historically, **BSS** (from **Block Started by Symbol**) is a pseudo-operation in UA-SAP (United Aircraft Symbolic Assembly Program), the assembler developed in the mid-1950s for the IBM 704 by Roy Nutt, Walter Ramshaw, and others at United Aircraft Corporation. The BSS keyword was later incorporated into FORTRAN Assembly Program (FAP) and Macro Assembly Program (MAP), IBM's standard assemblers for its 709 and 7090/94 computers. It defined a label (i.e. symbol) and reserved a block of uninitialized space for a given number of words. In this situation BSS served as a shorthand in place of individually reserving a number of separate smaller data locations. Some assemblers support a complementary or alternative directive **BES**, for **Block Ended by Symbol**, where the specified symbol corresponds to the end of the reserved block.

## BSS in C

In , statically allocated objects without an explicit initializer are initialized to zero (for arithmetic types) or a null pointer (for pointer types). Implementations of C typically represent zero values and null pointer values using a bit pattern consisting solely of zero-valued bits (despite filling bss with zero is not required by the C standard, all variables in .bss are required to be individually initialized to some sort of zeroes according to Section 6.7.8 of C ISO Standard 9899:1999 or section 6.7.9 for newer standards). Hence, the BSS segment typically includes all uninitialized objects (both variables and constants) declared at file scope (i.e., outside any function) as well as uninitialized static local variables (local variables declared with the `static` keyword); static local *constants* must be initialized at declaration, however, as they do not have a separate declaration, and thus are typically not in the BSS section, though they may be implicitly or explicitly initialized to zero. An implementation may also assign statically-allocated variables and constants initialized with a value consisting solely of zero-valued bits to the BSS section.

Peter van der Linden, a C programmer and author, says, "Some people like to remember it as 'Better Save Space'. Since the BSS segment only holds variables that don't have any value yet, it doesn't actually need to store the image of these variables. The size that BSS will require at runtime is recorded in the object file, but BSS (unlike the data segment) doesn't take up any actual space in the object file."

## BSS in Fortran

In Fortran, common block variables are allocated in this segment. Some compilers may, for 64-bit instruction sets, limit offsets, in instructions that access this segment, to 32 bits, limiting its size to 2 GB or 4 GB. Also, note that Fortran does not require static data to be initialized to zero. On those systems where the bss segment is initialized to zero, putting common block variables and other static data into that segment guarantees that it will be zero, but for portability, programmers should not depend on that.


title: Villa Crespo y San Andrés

abstract: Villa Crespo y San Andrés is a small town or populated centre in the Canelones Department of southern Uruguay. Together with its neighbouring Toledo, they form a population centre of about 13,800. They are both part of the wider metropitan area of Montevideo.

text:
# Villa Crespo y San Andrés

**Villa Crespo y San Andrés** is a small town or populated centre in the Canelones Department of southern Uruguay. Together with its neighbouring Toledo, they form a population centre of about 13,800. They are both part of the wider metropitan area of Montevideo.

## Geography

The town is located on Km. 22 of Route 6 and on Route 33, bordering Toledo to the east.

## Population

In 2011 Villa Crespo y San Andrés had a population of 9,813.

| Year | Population |
| --- | --- |
| 1975 | 4,786 |
| 1985 | 6,492 |
| 1996 | 8,107 |
| 2004 | 8,756 |
| 2011 | 9,813 |

Source: *Instituto Nacional de Estadística de Uruguay*

## InfoBox

| Villa Crespo y San Andrés | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
| Villa Crespo y San AndrésLocation in Uruguay | |
| Coordinates: 34°44′0″S 56°6′0″W / 34.73333°S 56.10000°W / -34.73333; -56.10000 | |
| Country | Uruguay |
| Department | Canelones Department |
| Population (2011) | |
| Total | 9,813 |
| Time zone | UTC -3 |
| Postal code | 91100 |
| Dial plan | +598 2 (+7 digits) |


title: The Easy Sin

abstract: The Easy Sin is a 2002 novel from Australian author Jon Cleary. It was the nineteenth book featuring Sydney detective Scobie Malone. The plot concerns the murder of a housemaid to a dot com millionaire. Kidnappers thought they have grabbed the millionaire's girlfriend, not realising they've taken the millionaire instead. Matters are complicated by the involvement of the Yakuza.

text:
# The Easy Sin

***The Easy Sin*** is a 2002 novel from Australian author Jon Cleary. It was the nineteenth (and penultimate) book featuring Sydney detective Scobie Malone. The plot concerns the murder of a housemaid to a dot com millionaire. Kidnappers thought they have grabbed the millionaire's girlfriend, not realising they've taken the millionaire instead. Matters are complicated by the involvement of the Yakuza.

## InfoBox

The Easy Sin
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Jon Cleary |
| Language | English |
| Series | Scobie Malone |
| Genre | Detective |
| Publisher | HarperCollins |
| Publication date | 2002 |
| Publication place | Australia |
| Preceded by | *Yesterday's Shadow* |
| Followed by | *Degrees of Connection* |


title: Myrmekiaphila

abstract: Myrmekiaphila is a genus of North American mygalomorph trapdoor spiders in the family Euctenizidae, and was first described by G. F. Atkinson in 1886. All described species are endemic to the southeastern United States. Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, it was moved to the wafer trapdoor spiders in 1985, then to the Euctenizidae in 2012. Myrmekiaphila appears as the sister group to all southwestern Euctenizidae with the exception of Apomastus, which in turn is the sister group to all euctenizines. M. flavipes was transferred from Aptostichus in 2007.

text:
# Myrmekiaphila

***Myrmekiaphila*** is a genus of North American mygalomorph trapdoor spiders in the family Euctenizidae, and was first described by G. F. Atkinson in 1886. All described species are endemic to the southeastern United States.

Originally placed with the Ctenizidae, it was moved to the wafer trapdoor spiders in 1985, then to the Euctenizidae in 2012. *Myrmekiaphila* appears as the sister group to all southwestern Euctenizidae with the exception of *Apomastus*, which in turn is the sister group to all euctenizines. *M. flavipes* was transferred from *Aptostichus* in 2007.

## Description

The known species of this genus resemble each other in appearance and behavior. The carapace is 2.8 to 8 millimetres (0.11 to 0.31 in) long and 2.25 to 6.81 millimetres (0.089 to 0.268 in) wide. Females are uniformly colored, with some dusky stripes on the dorsum of the abdomen. Colors range from yellowish red to dark reddish brown. The palpal tibia of the males are modified in a way that distinguishes them from other mygalomorph spiders of North America. The first legs in males are modified as mating claspers.

All members live in subterranean, silk-lined burrows covered by a silken-soil trap door. Some species construct side chambers that can be closed off by secondary trap doors, a unique feature among Cyrtaucheniidae. While the related *Promyrmekiaphila* and *Aptostichus* also build side chambers, they do not close them with trap doors.

G. F. Atkinson collected his specimens while hunting for ants, often finding them in close proximity to ant nests. The genus name is derived from the Ancient Greek μύρμηξ (*myrmex*), meaning "ant", and φιλία (*philein*), meaning "to love", referencing their apparent fondness of ant nests.

## Species

As of May 2019 it contains twelve species restricted to the southeastern United States, but found in a wide variety of habitats. These range from northern Virginia along the Appalachian Mountains southward through West Virginia, Kentucky, North and South Carolina, Tennessee and northern Georgia into the southeastern plain of Alabama, Mississippi Florida, and the temperate deciduous forest of central Texas with dry climates and relatively high altitudes.

Three species groups are currently recognized. These are only intended to facilitate identification based on the male palp; it is not known if they represent monophyletic taxa. *M. flavipes* is only known from females and thus not grouped.

* *foliata* group

* *fluviatilis* group

* *minuta* group

* unplaced species

## InfoBox

| *Myrmekiaphila* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Myrmekiaphila tigris* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Mygalomorphae |
| Family: | Euctenizidae |
| Genus: | *Myrmekiaphila*
Atkinson, 1886 |
|
| Type species | |
| *M. foliata*
Atkinson, 1886 | |
| Species | |
| 12, see text | |


title: Nils Hjelmtveit

abstract: Nils Hjelmtveit was a Norwegian educator and politician for the Labour Party. He was mayor of Stokken, MP from 1925 to 1930, Minister of Education and Church Affairs from 1935 to 1945 and County Governor of Aust-Agder from 1945 to 1961.

text:
# Nils Hjelmtveit

**Nils Hjelmtveit** (21 July 189230 October 1985) was a Norwegian educator and politician for the Labour Party. He was mayor of Stokken, MP from 1925 to 1930, Minister of Education and Church Affairs from 1935 to 1945 and County Governor of Aust-Agder from 1945 to 1961.

## Early career

He was born at Hopland in Alversund municipality as a son of farmer Nils Hjelmtveit, Sr. (1861–1911) and his wife Ingebjørg Herland (1865–1893). He graduated from Stord Teacher's College in 1913, and was hired as a teacher in Eydehamn in the same year. He was promoted to headmaster in 1918. In December 1918, he married Karen Adelma Andersen (1894–1991).

## National politics

From 1919 to 1920 he also published the temperance weekly magazine *Egden*. Hjelmtveit was a member of Stokken municipal council from 1919 to 1937, and served as mayor from 1923 to 1928 and 1932 to 1935. He also chaired the school board from 1921 to 1922. He was elected to the Parliament of Norway from Aust-Agder in 1924 and 1927, serving two terms. In 1935, when Nygaardsvold's Cabinet assumed office, Hjelmtveit was appointed Minister of Education and Church Affairs. He reportedly had to be strongly persuaded by Johan Nygaardsvold. Some of the cases that were decided during Hjelmtveit's tenure were naming of the committees that prepared the University of Bergen, Riksteatret and the Norwegian State Educational Loan Fund, closing of the teachers' colleges at Hamar and Notodden, the language reform of 1938, poet's grant to Arnulf Øverland, construction of Kringkastingshuset and the signing of a Norwegian-Czechoslovak cultural cooperation treaty.

From 1940 to 1945 Hjelmtveit was exiled in London together with the rest of Nygaardsvold's Cabinet, because of the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany. Hjelmtveit later defended the cabinet's actions on 9 April 1940, when they fled from the invading Germans. The war memoirs *Vekstår og vargtid* came in 1969. While exiled he wrote the book *Education in Norway*, published 1946. Between the war's end (8 May 1945) and Hjelmtveit's return to Norway, Alv Harald Helland and Terje Wold filled in as Minister of Education and Research. He stepped down in June 1945, when Gerhardsen's First Cabinet took over. On 1 December 1945 he became County Governor of Aust-Agder, a post he held until 1961. He headed the Norwegian delegation to found UNESCO in London in 1945, and also headed the delegation for UNESCO's 1st General Conference in Paris in 1946.

Hjelmtveit was a temperance activist, and was a local board member of the International Organisation of Good Templars. He was a member of the council of Vinmonopolet from 1929, deputy chair from 1932 to 1935, and then chair from 1946. He was also a board chairman of the newspaper *Tiden* from 1929 to 1934, a board member of the Norse Federation, deputy chair of the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation from 1946 to 1957 and chair from 1957 to 1965. In the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s he wrote local history books about Nordhordland. He was decorated with the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav in 1954, and died in 1985 at Flosta.

## InfoBox

| Nils Hjelmtveit | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Minister of Education and Church Affairs | |
| **In office**
20 March 1935  25 June 1945 | |
| Prime Minister | Johan Nygaardsvold |
| Preceded by | Knut Liestøl |
| Succeeded by | Kaare Fostervoll |
| County Governor of East Agder | |
| **In office**
1 July 1945  30 September 1961 | |
| Prime Minister | Einar Gerhardsen
Oscar Torp |
| Preceded by | Jonas Pedersen (1942) |
| Succeeded by | Henrik Svensen |
| Mayor of Stokken | |
| **In office**
1 January 1931  20 March 1935 | |
| Preceded by | Hans J. Bakke |
| Succeeded by | Syver Kristiansen |
| **In office**
1 January 1922  31 December 1928 | |
| Preceded by | Guttorm Fløistad |
| Succeeded by | Hans J. Bakke |
| Member of the Norwegian Parliament | |
| **In office**
1 January 1925  31 December 1930 | |
| Constituency | Aust-Agder |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1892-07-21)21 July 1892
Alversund, Hordaland, United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway |
| Died | 30 October 1985(1985-10-30) (aged 93)
Austre Moland, East Agder, Norway |
| Political party | Labour |
| Spouse | Karen Adelma Andersen  (m. 1918) |
|  | |


title: Lemele

abstract: Lemele is a village in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is a part of the municipality of Ommen, and lies about 20 km northwest of Almelo.

text:
# Lemele

**Lemele** is a village in the Dutch province of Overijssel. It is a part of the municipality of Ommen, and lies about 20 km northwest of Almelo.

## History

Lemele is an *esdorp* which developed on the foot of the Lemelerberg, a remnant of the Last Glacial Period. It was first mentioned between 1381 and 1383 as Lemelo, and means "clay near open forest". In 1840, it was home to 258 people. In 1863, it formed a short-lived municipality with Archem.

## Notable people

1. "Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2021". *Central Bureau of Statistics*. Retrieved 16 March 2022. two entries
2. "Postcodetool for 8148NA". *Actueel Hoogtebestand Nederland* (in Dutch). Het Waterschapshuis. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
3. Ronald Stenvert & Jan ten Hove (1998). "Lemele" (in Dutch). Zwolle: Waanders. ISBN 90 400 9200 1. Retrieved 16 March 2022.
4. "Lemele - (geografische naam)". *Etymologiebank* (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 March 2022.
5. "Lemele". *Plaatsengids* (in Dutch). Retrieved 16 March 2022.
6. "Peter Schulting". *Pro cycling stats*. Retrieved 16 March 2022.

## InfoBox

| Lemele | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| A flock of sheep on the Archemerberg, near Lemele | |
| The village centre (dark green) and the statistical district (light green) of Lemele in the municipality of Ommen. | |
| LemeleLocation in the province of Overijssel in the NetherlandsLemeleLemele (Netherlands) | |
| Coordinates: 52°27′8″N 6°24′53″E / 52.45222°N 6.41472°E / 52.45222; 6.41472 | |
| Country | Netherlands |
| Province | Overijssel |
| Municipality | Ommen |
| Area | |
| Total | 14.51 km2 (5.60 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 8 m (26 ft) |
| Population (2021) | |
| Total | 1,260 |
| Density | 87/km2 (220/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 8148 |
| Dialing code | 0572 |


title: Two Birds, One Stone

abstract: "Two Birds, One Stone" is a hip hop song recorded by Canadian rapper Drake. It was released worldwide by OVO Sound on October 29, 2016. The song was originally meant for inclusion on Drake's fifth mixtape, More Life, however it did not make the final cut. Written in the wake of Drake's highly publicized feud with Meek Mill, it was co-written by Noah Shebib, Kanye West, and Joey Castellani, and composed by 40 and West. The song gained notability and controversy as Drake uses "Two Birds, One Stone" to diss Kid Cudi and Pusha T.

text:
# Two Birds, One Stone

"**Two Birds, One Stone**" is a hip hop song recorded by Canadian rapper Drake. It was released worldwide by OVO Sound on October 29, 2016. The song was originally meant for inclusion on Drake's fifth mixtape, *More Life*, however it did not make the final cut. Written in the wake of Drake's highly publicized feud with Meek Mill, it was co-written by Noah Shebib, Kanye West, and Joey Castellani, and composed by 40 and West.

The song gained notability and controversy as Drake uses "Two Birds, One Stone" to diss Kid Cudi and Pusha T.

## Background

Drake disses Pusha T *(left)* and Kid Cudi *(right)* in "Two Birds, One Stone". Meek Mill also could be interpreted as a target in the song.

In 2015, Meek Mill sparked controversy by his revelation that Drake was the recipient of a reference track from Quentin Miller, as Drake appropriated the track onto Mill's song "R.I.C.O." without giving Miller any songwriting credit. This labeled Miller as a ghostwriter for Drake, and the duo engaged in a feud as a result. Despite Drake and Mill responding to one another via diss tracks in 2015, additional replies to one another, either subliminally or through diss tracks, can be seen on Drake's 2016 album *Views*, as well as Mill's mixtape *DC4*.

While Drake and Kanye West were on the Summer Sixteen Tour and the Saint Pablo Tour respectively, former GOOD Music artist Kid Cudi criticized both Drake and West on his Twitter, stating that "\[both men\] are fake and cannot be regarded as legends", due to their use of ghostwriters. Drake and West both responded during their live shows, with many dismissing Cudi's action as a "desperate cry for attention". Meanwhile, GOOD Music signee Pusha T dissed Drake on the song "H.G.T.V.", further referencing Drake's usage of ghostwriters throughout the song.

## Remix

The song was remixed by British rapper Dave, premiering on the 35th episode of OVO Sound Radio on December 10, 2016.

## Lyrics

Drake primarily seeks to diss both Pusha T and Kid Cudi during the song, although some lyrics can be interpreted as toward Meek Mill.

Drake accuses Pusha T of promoting false stories of drug dealing in his songs:

> But really it's you with all the drug dealer stories
> That's gotta stop, though
> You made a couple chops and now you think you Chapo
> If you ask me though, you ain't lining the trunk with kilos
> You bagging weed watching Pacino with all your niggas
> Like, "This what we need to be on," but you never went live
> You middle-man in this shit, boy, you was never them guys
> I can tell, 'cause I look most of you dead in your eyes
> And you'll be tryna sell that story for the rest of your lives
>
> Drake, "Two Birds, One Stone"

Drake also disses Kid Cudi, which leads to controversy.

> You were the man on the moon
> Now you just go through your phases
> Life of the angry and famous
> Rap like I know I'm the greatest
> Then give you tropical flavours
> Still never been on hiatus
> You stay xanned and perked up
> So when reality set in, you don't gotta face it
>
> Drake, "Two Birds, One Stone"

## Controversy

Drake received criticism in the manner in which he dissed Cudi, who checked himself into psychiatric rehabilitation for depression and suicidal urges a few days prior. Despite West appearing to squash the beef between him and Cudi by labelling Cudi as "his brother" and "the most influential artist of the last decade", Drake's remarks remained, later responding on his Instagram with the notion of continuing the beef between the pair. A few days later, however, Cudi responded to Drake on his Twitter, saying "Say it to face, pussy. You think it's a game. I wanna see you say it to my face. I'll be out soon. Promise."

In the aftermath of the song, Pusha T would make a response track titled "Infrared" aimed at Drake within his album Daytona. The same day, Drake released the song "Duppy Freestyle" as another diss towards Pusha T, as well as aim it at Kanye West, as a response to "Infrared." He also mailed to G.O.O.D. Music and Def Jam Recordings asking for a fee of $100,000 for "promotional assistance and career reviving." Four days later, Pusha-T released "The Story of Adidon" online for public listening. The single cover featured an image of Drake portrayed in blackface, which was shot by photographer David Leyes. The song itself, however, focuses on Drake's character and personal relationships, including the surprise reveal of Drake hiding a son named Adonis, whose mother was revealed to be a pornstar. Drake would expand on the topic in a couple of songs from his 2018 album Scorpion.

## Personnel

Adapted from TIDAL.

## Charts

| Chart (2016) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada (Canadian Hot 100) | 64 |
| US *Billboard* Hot 100 | 73 |
| US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs (*Billboard*) | 31 |

## InfoBox

| "Two Birds, One Stone" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Drake | |
| from the album  *More Life (intended)* | |
| Released | October 29, 2016 |
| Recorded | 2016 |
| Genre | Hip hop |
| Length | 3:58 |
| Label | OVO Sound |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | * 40 * Kanye West |
| Drake singles chronology | |
| "Sneakin'"
(2016) "**Two Birds, One Stone**"
(2016) "Used to This"
(2016) | |


title: Sophia Hawthorne

abstract: Sophia Amelia Hawthorne was an American painter and illustrator as well as the wife of author Nathaniel Hawthorne. She also published her journals and various articles.

text:
# Sophia Hawthorne

**Sophia Amelia Hawthorne** (née Peabody; September 21, 1809  February 26, 1871) was an American painter and illustrator as well as the wife of author Nathaniel Hawthorne. She also published her journals and various articles.

## Life

### Early life

Sophia Amelia Peabody was born September 21, 1809, in Salem, Massachusetts, and named after two of her aunts. Peabody's father was the dentist Nathaniel Peabody, while her mother was the strong Unitarian Elizabeth Palmer. She had three brothers; her sisters were Elizabeth Palmer Peabody and Mary Tyler Peabody Mann, later Horace Mann's wife. Her sister Elizabeth educated Sophia, focusing on geography, science, literature and both American and European history; eventually, she learned to read in Latin, French, Greek and Hebrew; she knew some German, as well.

Sophia's health had been questionable since infancy, and she was an occasional invalid. One possible cause was a fashionable treatment her dentist father prescribed for her teething pains that included mercury. In later life, she was a frequent user of calomel and opium to relieve her pain and migraines. When doctors pronounced Sophia had no discernible illness, she sought the "rest therapy". She left for Cuba on December 4, 1833, with her sister Mary.

### Courtship

Sophia first met Nathaniel Hawthorne through her sister, Elizabeth. When the author came to visit once, Elizabeth is said to have reported, "He is handsomer than Lord Byron!" When she urged Sophia to come downstairs to meet him, she laughed and said, "If he has come once he will come again". After meeting her, Nathaniel wrote the tale "Edward Randolph’s Portrait", which included an artist character inspired by Sophia Peabody named Alice Vane.

Sophia had originally objected to marriage, partly because of her health. They became secretly engaged by New Year's Day, 1839.

Sophia gave two of her paintings to Hawthorne in 1840 on the first anniversary of their engagement. "Hawthorne valued the paintings so much that he hid them behind curtains to enjoy when he was alone".

### Marriage and family

A wedding was scheduled for June 27, 1842, but was postponed when Sophia fell ill. On July 9, 1842, five years after first meeting, she and Nathaniel were married at 13 West Street in Boston, the Peabody bookstore where Margaret Fuller held some of her "conversations". The day before, Nathaniel wrote to James Freeman Clarke asking him to oversee the ceremony. "I am to be married to Miss Sophia Peabody tomorrow; and it is our mutual desire that you should perform the ceremony", he wrote. Both were considered relatively old for marriage (she was 32 and he was five days past his 38th birthday), but the coupling proved happy for both of them. Immediately after their wedding, they rented and moved into The Old Manse in Concord, Massachusetts. The next day, Hawthorne wrote to his sister, Louisa: "We are as happy as people can be, without making themselves ridiculous, and might be even happier; but, as a matter of taste, we choose to stop short at this point." Together the couple etched their impressions of their new married life in the glass of a window in the study using Sophia's diamond ring:

> Man's accidents are God's purposes. Sophia A. Hawthorne 1843
>
> Nath Hawthorne This is his study
> The smallest twig leans clear against the sky
> Composed by my wife and written with her diamond
> Inscribed by my husband at sunset, April 3, 1843. In the Gold light.
>
> SAH

On their first wedding anniversary, Nathaniel wrote to Sophia: "We were never so happy as now—never such wide capacity for happiness, yet overflowing with all that the day and every moment brings to us. Methinks this birth-day of our married life is like a cape, which we have now doubled and find a more infinite ocean of love stretching out before us."

The Hawthornes' first child was born March 3, 1844, after a difficult 10-hour delivery. They named her Una, a reference to *The Faerie Queene* by Edmund Spenser, to the disapproval of many family members. Sophia wrote in her journal, "It was a great happiness to be able to put her to my breast immediately and I thanked Heaven I was able to have the privilege of nursing her." John L. O'Sullivan served as her godfather and gave her a Newfoundland dog named Leo when she was two months old. Nathaniel wrote that fatherhood brought "a very sober and serious kind of happiness", and the family began to worry about money. Sophia also had a recurrence of her migraines after Una's birth.

The family was soon kicked out of the Old Manse, left with only 10 dollars. They moved in with family on Herbert Street in Salem while Nathaniel awaited a government job appointment. In March, 1846, Sophia moved to 77 Carver Street in Boston to be closer to family and Dr. William Wesselhœft while pregnant with her second child. The couple's son Julian was born in Boston on May 22, 1846. His father wrote of the news to a sister, "A small troglodyte made his appearance here at ten minutes to six o'clock this morning, who claims to be your nephew".

The family moved to Lenox, Massachusetts, and it was there, in a red farmhouse they rented, that Sophia gave birth to her third child, Rose. Two months prior to giving birth, Sophia claimed she instinctively knew it would be a girl and chose the name Rose. She was born on May 20, 1851, about a month after the publication of *The House of the Seven Gables*. Sophia went into labor early, before the midwife could arrive; Rose was delivered with the help of Sophia's father.

Few of Sophia's letters from her courtship and early marriage survive. In June 1853, Nathaniel alludes to the destruction of his letters in his journal: "I burned great heaps of old letters and other papers, a little while ago, preparatory to going to England. Among them were hundreds of Sophia's maiden letters".

The Hawthornes raised their children in a positive environment and did not believe in harsh discipline or physical punishment. Hawthorne in 1862 praised his wife: "She is the most sensible woman I ever knew in my life, much superior to me in general talent, and of fine cultivation." Sophia had a close friendship with Annie Adams Fields, wife of the publisher James T. Fields. In 1863, Sophia wrote to her, "You embellish my life."

Nathaniel Hawthorne died in May 1864, and Sophia was given the news by her sister, Elizabeth Peabody, who had been informed by Franklin Pierce. Pierce, a close friend of Hawthorne, had been at the author's side when he died in his sleep. Sophia wrote about her husband's death to Annie Fields: "My darling has gone over that Sapphire sea, and these grand soft waves are messages from his Eternal Rest." She moved to England four years later in 1868 with her three children.

### Later life, death, burial, and reburial

After her husband's death, Sophia threatened to sue publisher James T. Fields for not paying enough in royalties from book sales. Fields blamed his recently deceased business partner William Ticknor for promising "to pay the highest rate of copyright it ever paid" but that no written contract existed. The two agreed to a compromise as, Sophia said, she preferred "peace to pence".

Sophia became ill in February 1871, diagnosed with "typhoid pneumonia". She had difficulty breathing and was cared for by her daughters before dying on February 26. She was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery in London on March 4. Una wrote to Julian that their mother's grave was "on a sunny hillside looking towards the east... We had a head and footstone of white marble, with a place for flowers between, and Rose and I planted some ivy there that I had brought from America, and a periwinkle from papa's grave. The inscription is—*Sophia, wife of Nathaniel Hawthorne*."

Una died in September 1877 at the age of 33 and was buried alongside her mother in Kensal Green. Julian Hawthorne went on to be a moderately successful author writing about his father and other miscellaneous works. He died in 1934. Rose went on to found the Roman Catholic order of nuns, the Dominican Sisters of Hawthorne, based in Hawthorne, New York, where she died in 1926.

Care for the graves of Sophia and Una fell to this organization. When the grave sites were in need of costly repair, it was suggested the remains be moved to the Hawthorne family plot in Concord, Massachusetts. In June, 2006 the two were re-buried alongside Nathaniel in Sleepy Hollow Cemetery. A funeral was held for the family's descendants with representatives from the Dominican Sisters, and a public ceremony was held at The Old Manse to mark the occasion.

## Artwork

Sophia Hawthorne was a writer and a painter. Hawthorne's art began to evolve steadily after studying drawing in 1824; she further explored this discipline under the tutelage of Francis Graeter, the illustrator of Lydia Maria Child's *Girl's Own Book*. By 1832, Hawthorne was painting regularly—at first reproducing copies of existing artworks, and later executing landscapes of her own volition. In a letter to her sister Elizabeth in 1832, she wrote:

> What do you think I have actually begun to do? Nothing less than *create* and do you wonder that I lay awake all last night after sketching my first picture. I actually thought my head would have made its final explosion. When once I began to excurse, I could not stop. Three distinct landscapes came forth in full array besides that which I had arranged before I went to bed and it seemed as if I should fly to be up and doing. I have always determined not to force the creative power but wait till it mastered *me* and now I feel as if the time had come and *such freedom and revelry of spirit does it bring!*

Sophia Hawthorne's artistic endeavors were hampered not only by the restrictive expectations placed upon women of the Victorian era, but also due to the objections of her husband who attempted to "colonize Sophia's talents, allowing her to hold the brush in order to paint *his* inner life rather than her own."

Sophia briefly studied sculpture with Shobal Vail Clevenger and produced a bas-relief medallion portrait of her dying brother George Peabody and, shortly thereafter, a similar work of Ralph Waldo Emerson's dead brother Charles. Later, she tutored her daughter Rose in art.

During their courtship, Sophia created an illustration for Nathaniel's tale "The Gentle Boy". After completing it, Sophia asked him if it looked like the main character, Ilbrahim. He answered, "He will never look otherwise to me". The story was republished with Sophia's illustration as *The Gentle Boy: A Thrice Told Tale* in December 1838, subsidized by a Salem hostess named Susan Burley. The book was dedicated to Sophia, inscribed: "To Miss Sophia A. Peabody, this little tale, to which her kindred art has given value, is respectfully inscribed by the author". When Nathaniel moved to Boston, Sophia painted two landscapes to decorate his apartment. On January 2, 1840, he wrote to her, "You cannot think how much delight those pictures are going to give me... I never owned a picture in my life." He later asked her to illustrate a reissue of his children's book *Grandfather's Chair*.

* Cheever, Susan. *American Bloomsbury: Louisa May Alcott, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Margaret Fuller, Nathaniel Hawthorne, and Henry David Thoreau; Their Lives, Their Loves, Their Work*. Detroit: Thorndike Press, 2006. Large print edition. ISBN 0-7862-9521-X.
* Marshall, Megan. *The Peabody Sisters: Three Women Who Ignited American Romanticism*. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 2005. ISBN 978-0-618-71169-7.
* McFarland, Philip: *Hawthorne in Concord*. New York: Grove Press, 2004: ISBN 0-8021-1776-7.
* Mellow, James R. *Nathaniel Hawthorne in His Times*. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 1980. ISBN 0-8018-5900-X
* Miller, Edwin Haviland. *Salem Is My Dwelling Place: A Life of Nathaniel Hawthorne*. Iowa City: University of Iowa Press, 1991. ISBN 0-87745-332-2.
* Schriber, Mary Suzanne. *Writing Home: American Women Abroad, 1830-1920*. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1997. ISBN 0-8139-1730-1.
* Wineapple, Brenda. *Hawthorne: A Life*. New York: Random House, 2003. ISBN 0-8129-7291-0.

## InfoBox

| Sophia Hawthorne | |
| --- | --- |
| 1830 portrait | |
| Born | Sophia Amelia Peabody
(1809-09-21)September 21, 1809
Salem, Massachusetts, US |
| Died | February 26, 1871(1871-02-26) (aged 61)
London, England |
| Occupation(s) | Painter, illustrator, writer |
| Spouse | Nathaniel Hawthorne  (m. 1842; died 1864) |
| Children | 3, including Julian Hawthorne, Rose Hawthorne Lathrop |


title: 16 Days (song)

abstract: "16 Days" is a song by alternative country band Whiskeytown and written by Ryan Adams. It first appeared on Whiskeytown's Strangers Almanac album in 1997, and was released that same year as a CD single. An earlier version of the song – recorded during the band's "Baseball Park" sessions – was released on the 1998 reissue of the band's first album Faithless Street. And an alternate, acoustic version of the song – also recorded during the "Baseball Park" sessions – was released on the 2008 deluxe edition of Strangers Almanac. According to Ryan Adams, the song was released as a single and was getting significant radio airplay until, in a fit of anger, he dared a powerful West Coast radio programmer to take the song off the air. The programmer obliged, and the song soon disappeared from radio playlists.

text:
# 16 Days (song)

"**16 Days**" is a song by alternative country band Whiskeytown and written by Ryan Adams. It first appeared on Whiskeytown's *Strangers Almanac* album in 1997, and was released that same year as a CD single. An earlier version of the song – recorded during the band's "Baseball Park" sessions – was released on the 1998 reissue of the band's first album *Faithless Street*. And an alternate, acoustic version of the song – also recorded during the "Baseball Park" sessions – was released on the 2008 deluxe edition of *Strangers Almanac*.

According to Ryan Adams, the song was released as a single and was getting significant radio airplay until, in a fit of anger, he dared a powerful West Coast radio programmer to take the song off the air. The programmer obliged, and the song soon disappeared from radio playlists.

## Cover versions

The song has been covered by The Clarks on their album *Songs in G*.

The song has also been covered by Wade Bowen as a hidden track on his *Blue Light Live* album

## Track listing

| No. | Title | Writer(s) | Length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "16 Days" | Ryan Adams | 3:55 |
| 2. | "The Rain Won't Help You When It's Over" | Alejandro Escovedo | 4:40 |
| 3. | "Wither, I'm A Flower" | Ryan Adams | 4:53 |

## Personnel and production credits

* Ryan Adams — acoustic & electric guitars, singing, banjo, piano, percussion
* Phil Wandscher — electric guitar, singing, organ, percussion
* Caitlin Cary — violin, singing
* Steven Terry — drums, singing, percussion
* Jeff Rice — bass guitar
* Produced, engineered, and mixed by Jim Scott

## InfoBox

| "16 Days" | |
| --- | --- |
| Single by Whiskeytown | |
| from the album  *Strangers Almanac* | |
| B-side | * "The Rain Won't Help You When It's Over" * "Wither, I'm a Flower" |
| Released | July 1997 |
| Recorded | 1997 |
| Genre | Alternative country |
| Label | Outpost Recordings |
| Songwriter(s) | Ryan Adams |
| Producer(s) | Jim Scott |
| Whiskeytown singles chronology | |
| "**16 Days**"
(1997) "Yesterday's News"
(1998) | |


title: Villa La Petraia

abstract: Villa La Petraia is one of the Medici villas in Castello, Florence, Tuscany, central Italy. It has a distinctive 19th-century belvedere on the upper east terrace on axis with the view of Florence.

text:
# Villa La Petraia

**Villa La Petraia** is one of the Medici villas in Castello, Florence, Tuscany, central Italy. It has a distinctive 19th-century belvedere on the upper east terrace on axis with the view of Florence.

## History

In 1364, the "palace" of Petraia belonged to the Brunelleschi family until in 1422 Palla Strozzi bought it and expanded it by buying the surrounding land.

In the first half of the sixteenth century, the villa became the property of the Salutati, who then sold the villa to Cosimo I de' Medici in 1544, who gave it to his son, Cardinal Ferdinando in 1568. Then from 1588, there was a decade of extensive excavation works which transformed the "stony" nature of the place (hence the name in Petraia, that is full of stones) into dramatic sequence of terraces dominated by the massive main building. It is traditionally attributed to Bernardo Buontalenti, even though the only documented certainty is the presence on site of Raphael Pagni.

The Villa remained in the ownership of the Medici family until their extinction, when it passed to the Grand Dukes of Habsburg-Lorraine. Leopold II laid out the Romantic style garden park to the north, but otherwise few changes were made. From 1860 the estate came into the ownership of the House of Savoy, becoming one of Victor Emmanuel II's favourite residences. During this time the central courtyard was given a glass roof and an aviary was constructed. The villa was transferred to the Italian state in 1919 and is now a museum.

## Giusto Utens paintings

In 2014 a new permanent gallery at Petraia Villa Medici was opened to display the 14 surviving paintings of Medici villas by Giusto Utens (previously held by the Museo di Firenze com'era).

## Further reading

* Mignani, Daniela (1995) \[1991\]. *The Medicean Villas by Giusto Utens* (2nd ed.). Florence: Arnaud. ISBN 88-8015-000-6.

Media related to Villa La Petraia at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Villa La Petraia | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location within Italy | |
| General information | |
| Coordinates | 43°49′05.84″N 11°14′04.27″E / 43.8182889°N 11.2345194°E / 43.8182889; 11.2345194 |


title: The Drive (Thomson)

abstract: The Drive is an oil-on-canvas painting of 1916–17 by the Canadian artist Tom Thomson. It depicts the logging industry in Algonquin Park. A frequent subject of Thomson's work, the painting shows timbermen directing sawn logs down a canal towards the Ottawa River. It was based on sketches of Thomson's composed while he was a fire ranger in the park.

text:
# The Drive (Thomson)

***The Drive*** is an oil-on-canvas painting of 1916–17 by the Canadian artist Tom Thomson. It depicts the logging industry in Algonquin Park. A frequent subject of Thomson's work, the painting shows timbermen directing sawn logs down a canal towards the Ottawa River. It was based on sketches of Thomson's composed while he was a fire ranger in the park.

## InfoBox

| The Drive | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Artist | Tom Thomson |
| Year | 1916–17 |
| Medium | Oil on canvas |
| Dimensions | 120 cm × 137.5 cm (47 in × 54.1 in) |
| Location | Art Gallery of Guelph, Guelph |


title: Myrmidon

abstract: Myrmidon or Myrmidons may refer to:

text:
# Myrmidon

**Myrmidon** or **Myrmidons** may refer to:

## Greek mythology

* Myrmidons, an ancient nation of Greek mythology
* Myrmidon (hero), the eponymous ancestor of the mythological Myrmidons
* *Myrmidons*, part of the lost tragedy *Achilleis* by Greek playwright Aeschylus

## Modern fiction

## Vessels

## Other uses

* Myrmidon of Athens, an Athenian commander of the 4th century BC
* Myrmidon Club, a dining club at Merton College, University of Oxford
* Operation Myrmidon, a planned raid during the Second World War on the Adour Estuary in south-western France
* *Myrmidons of Melodrama*, a compilation album by American pop girl group The Shangri-Las

* Myrmidone, a feminine name attributed to two characters in Greek mythology


title: Northern Outfall Sewer

abstract:
The Northern Outfall Sewer (NOS) is a major gravity sewer which runs from Wick Lane in Hackney to the Beckton Sewage Treatment Works in east London. Most of it was designed by Joseph Bazalgette, as a result of an outbreak of cholera in 1853 and the "Great Stink" of 1858. Prior to the work, drains in central London were built primarily to cope with rain water, but the growing use of flush toilets frequently meant that they became overloaded, causing sewage and industrial effluent to flow into the River Thames. Bazalgette's London sewerage system project included the construction of intercepting sewers north and south of the Thames. The Southern Outfall Sewer network diverts flows away from the Thames south of the river. In total, five interceptor sewers were constructed north of the Thames. Three were built by Bazalgette, and two were added 30 years later:
  - The northernmost begins on Hampstead Hill and is routed past Kentish Town and Stoke Newington and under Victoria Park to the start of the Northern Outfall Sewer at Wick Lane.
  - Two middle level sewers serve parts of central London and also join the Northern Outfall Sewer at Wick Lane:
    - One begins close to Kilburn and runs along Edgware Road, Euston Road and past King's Cross, through Islington to Wick Lane.
    - The other runs from Kensal Green, under Bayswater and along Oxford Street, then via Clerkenwell and Bethnal Green to Wick Lane.
  - Two low-level sewers stretch from west London:
    - One starts from near Ravenscourt Park, passes under Hammersmith and Kensington, Piccadilly, the Strand, Aldwych, the City and Aldgate to Abbey Mills Sewage Pumping Station.
    - The second begins in Hammersmith, crosses under Fulham and then runs along the King's Road and Cheyne Walk from where it becomes an integral part of the Thames Embankment. Western Sewage Pumping Station near Chelsea Bridge helps maintain the necessary gravity flow, taking sewage on along Millbank, the Victoria Embankment and Tower Hill, then north-east under Whitechapel, Stepney and Bow to Abbey Mills. The flows from the two low-level sewers are raised by some 40 feet (12 m) into the Northern Outfall Sewer at Abbey Mills Pumping Station, to join the flows from the High and Middle Level sewers. The remaining sections of the NOS carry the sewage from Abbey Mills to the treatment plant at Beckton. The creation of the NOS was a massive undertaking, and involved the construction of huge embankments and several bridges. Today, the eastern end of the Northern Outfall Sewer, running some 4+1⁄2 miles (7 km) from Wick Lane to Beckton, has been landscaped to form a public footpath/cycleway called The Greenway, with access points along its length.

text:
# Northern Outfall Sewer

The **Northern Outfall Sewer** (NOS) is a major gravity sewer which runs from Wick Lane in Hackney to the Beckton Sewage Treatment Works in east London. Most of it was designed by Joseph Bazalgette, as a result of an outbreak of cholera in 1853 and the "Great Stink" of 1858.

Prior to the work, drains in central London were built primarily to cope with rain water, but the growing use of flush toilets frequently meant that they became overloaded, causing sewage and industrial effluent to flow into the River Thames. Bazalgette's London sewerage system project included the construction of intercepting sewers north and south of the Thames. The Southern Outfall Sewer network diverts flows away from the Thames south of the river.

In total, five interceptor sewers were constructed north of the Thames. Three were built by Bazalgette, and two were added 30 years later:

The flows from the two low-level sewers are raised by some 40 feet (12 m) into the Northern Outfall Sewer at Abbey Mills Pumping Station, to join the flows from the High and Middle Level sewers.

The remaining sections of the NOS carry the sewage from Abbey Mills to the treatment plant at Beckton. The creation of the NOS was a massive undertaking, and involved the construction of huge embankments and several bridges. Today, the eastern end of the Northern Outfall Sewer, running some 4+12 miles (7 km) from Wick Lane to Beckton, has been landscaped to form a public footpath/cycleway called The Greenway, with access points along its length.

51°31′44″N 0°0′52″E / 51.52889°N 0.01444°E / 51.52889; 0.01444


title: Sean Burch

abstract: Sean Burch is an American explorer, mountaineer, Leadership, Wellness, and Executive Performance Specialist, and documentary filmmaker. He is the author of the book, Hyperfitness: 12 Weeks to Reaching Your Inner Everest and Getting into the Best Shape of Your Life, and holds 8 World Records within fitness and adventure. He was also the winner of National Geographic Channel’s Ultimate Survival Alaska TV show. Burch is the creator and founder of Hyperfitness, a wellness program, and was named Goodwill Ambassador to Nepal by the country's government. He resides within the Washington D.C. area.

text:
# Sean Burch

**Sean Burch** (born June 8, 1972) is an American explorer, mountaineer, Leadership, Wellness, and Executive Performance Specialist, and documentary filmmaker. He is the author of the book, *Hyperfitness: 12 Weeks to Reaching Your Inner Everest and Getting into the Best Shape of Your Life (Penguin Random House),* and holds 8 World Records within fitness and adventure. He was also the winner of National Geographic Channel’s Ultimate Survival Alaska TV show. Burch is the creator and founder of Hyperfitness, a wellness program, and was named Goodwill Ambassador to Nepal by the country's government. He resides within the Washington D.C. area.

## Film making career

Burch began filming his expeditions in 2003 on *Mount Everest* as a way to record his solo expeditions in remote regions around the world. His documentary film, *The Icefall Doctor* on the original Icefall Doctor of the *Khumbu Icefall* on Mount Everest completed post-production in late 2021. Burch serves as a producer, director, and cinematographer. Sean Burch - IMDb This film has been featured in numerous film festivals around the world, winning Best Film in the Torello Mountain Film Festival in Spain in 2022 and Best Film Mountains, Sports, & Adventure at Slovenia's largest film festival Festival Gorniskega Filma in 2023.

*Icefall Doctors: Guardians of Everest* docuseries is currently streaming on VOD.

## Filmography

| Year | Title |
| --- | --- |
| 2021 | *The Icefall Doctor* |
| 2023 | *Samdo Sherpa* |
| 2023 | *Everest on Echo* |
| 2023 | *Icefall Doctors: Guardians of Everest* |

## Ascents and Expeditions of Note

## Photojournalism and videography

* (2003) USA Today "Mount Everest Climber Returns Somewhat Intact"
* (2005) Boston Sunday Globe "Fitness Buff Reaches New Heights in a Hurry"
* (2010) Reuters, "Upper Dolpa"
* (2010) Associated Press, "Tibet Border at Humla", Nepal
* (2010) BBC
* (2010) Experience Life Magazine
* (2011) Outside Magazine "It Keeps You Running"
* (2011) Men's Running U.K. "On Top of the World"
* (2011) Men's Fitness "MF Back Story, Sean Burch"
* (2011) Virginia Living Magazine
* (2012) Library of AP Photographs
* (2014) The Virginian-Pilot
* (2016) CNN
* (2016) Deccan Herald
* (2017) WTOP
* (2019) Virginia Living Magazine
* (2022) Warrenton Lifestyle Magazine
* (2023) Washingtonian Magazine

## Philanthropy

Burch works with charities, organizations, and campaigns supporting environmental rights, wilderness preservation, cancer prevention, and health and community development within impoverished and remote areas of human habitation in Nepal. He has collaborated and partnered with *The Nepal Trust*, the *World Wildlife Fund*, *Love Hope Strength Foundation*, *ASK Childhood Cancer Foundation*, *Fujisan Club of Japan*, *No Kid Hungry* and the *Himalayan Rescue Association*. He has given presentations on global warming for organizations including *The Explorers Club*. Burch is an on-going Partner with the *National Forest Foundation*, *PHIT America*, and *America Nepal Society*.

## Awards

* U.S. Goodwill Ambassador to Nepal by Nepal Government
* Joint House Resolution #218 - Virginia State Assembly Honoring 1st Virginian to Summit Mount Everest
* Commendation – Virginia House of Delegates Honoring World Record Ascent of Mount Kilimanjaro
* Mongolian National Mountaineering Federation Distinguished Achievement - record most 1st Ascents in Mongolia
* Brand Personality of the Year – Asia Pacific Brands Foundation
* "Year’s Best” Nomination – National Geographic Adventure
* The Record Book, "This Year's Greatest Feat" - Men's Journal
* Adventure Athlete of the Year - Blue Ridge Outdoors Magazine
* Gold ADDY Award - Photographer, Roanoke College Magazine Cover
* Gold Medal from King of Nepal for solo summit of Mount Everest

1. *Northern Virginia Magazine - How Sean Burch Helps People Conquer Their Fears*
2. "Pain for Happiness - VirginiaLiving.com". Archived from the original on April 18, 2012. Retrieved October 24, 2012.
3. How Va. adventurer’s phone helped claim world-record climbs in Nepal *WTOP*
4. Craig Glenday (2008). *Guinness World Records 2008*. Bantam Books. p. 173. ISBN 978-0-553-58995-5.
5. "Sean Burch explains taking on 'Ultimate Survival Alaska' — for no cash prize". *The Washington Post*. Washington, D.C. December 2, 2021 \[2013-12-12\]. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 1330888409.
6. Vicky Hallett (December 23, 2021) \[2013-12-17\]. "Local athlete Sean Burch tackles 'Ultimate Survival Alaska'". *The Washington Post*. Washington, D.C. ISSN 0190-8286. OCLC 1330888409.
7. "'Ultimate Survival Alaska' concludes with race up Mt. Augustine".
8. "Sean Burch, Nepal Goodwill Ambassador". *Explorers Web*
9. Outside Magazine, February 2011 "It Keeps You Running" Archived February 22, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
10. Goodwill Ambassador to Nepal, Explorers Web
11. @torellomountain (November 20, 2021). "Congratulations @SeanBurch for winning the @bbva prize for the best mountain film of this festival edition and for shaking consciousnesses!" (Tweet)  via Twitter.
12. "Festival gorniškega filma - Awards".
13. "Washingtonian Magazine - October". October 5, 2023.
14. Burch Interview, Everest, "Forgoing supplemental oxygen makes task even more daunting". *USA Today*.
15. Mount Everest Summit Reached, Mt Everest Government Board Archived March 2, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
16. *Elliot in the Morning*, DC101 Radio Program
17. North Pole Marathon, Runner's World Magazine Archived October 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
18. Mt. Kilimanjaro Speed Ascent, National Geographic Radio
19. 63 1st Ascent Mountain Peaks in Tibet, *National Geographic Adventure* Magazine
20. Mt. Fuji Ascent, National Geographic Radio Archived December 2, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
21. Mt. Fuji Winter Ascent, *Honolulu Advertiser* Newspaper
22. BBC, October 25, 2010 "Running man's record-breaking race across Nepal"
23. Associated Press. “Adventure Hikes the Himalaya in 49 Days”. NBC News. February 17, 2011
24. Great Himalaya Trail World Record Expedition, Interview 3, National Geographic Radio Archived March 2, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
25. "The Nepal Trust". January 24, 2022. Retrieved March 10, 2023.
26. "Explorers Web, December 23, 2014". Retrieved March 10, 2023.
27. “To The End of the World with Sean Burch, an Extreme Mountaineer”. WTOP. December 24, 2014
28. "Mountain climber sets world record in Nepal | CNN". December 27, 2016. Retrieved March 10, 2023  via www.cnn.com.
29. "American Explorer Sets New Official Record for Most 1ST Ascents". Retrieved March 10, 2023.
30. "American explorer sets new official record of most 1st ascents". November 15, 2016.
31. "American explorer sets new official record of most 1st ascents". *Business Standard India*. Press Trust of India. November 15, 2016.
32. Sean Burch Interview with DC101's EITM radio show, *DC101's EITM radio show*
33. Sean Burch Interview with DC101's EITM radio show, *DC101's EITM radio show*
34. Reuters Archived February 21, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
35. "Associated Press". Retrieved March 10, 2023.
36. "Running man's record-breaking race across Nepal". *BBC News*. October 26, 2010.
37. "Peak Fitness". April 2010.
38. "It Keeps You Running". January 13, 2011.
39. "Pain for Happiness". May 16, 2011.
40. "AP". *newsroom.ap.org*. Retrieved March 10, 2023.
41. "REACH THE SUMMIT OF YOUR POTENTIAL Mountain climber gives sales executives leadership tips". *The Virginian-Pilot*. March 7, 2014. Retrieved March 10, 2023.
42. "Mountain climber sets world record in Nepal - CNN Video". *CNN*. December 27, 2016.
43. "Adventurer Sean Burch looks to leave legacy of climate change awareness". January 31, 2017.
44. "Getting Uncomfortable". July 8, 2019.
45. "Fauquier Now". Archived from the original on March 10, 2023. Retrieved February 25, 2023.
46. "The First Virginian to Scale Everest Made a Documentary". October 5, 2023.
47. Everest K2
48. "LIS \> Bill Tracking \> HJ218 \> 2004 session". *lis.virginia.gov*. Retrieved March 10, 2023.
49. "Asia Pacific Brands Foundation".

## InfoBox

| Sean Burch | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1972-06-08) June 8, 1972<br>Virginia, United States |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | Roanoke College |
| Occupation(s) | Mountaineer, filmmaker, executive performance specialist, author |


title: Niesłabin

abstract: Niesłabin is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Śrem, within Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Śrem and 31 km (19 mi) south of the regional capital Poznań.

text:
# Niesłabin

**Niesłabin** \[ɲɛˈswabin\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Śrem, within Śrem County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Śrem and 31 km (19 mi) south of the regional capital Poznań.

## InfoBox

| Niesłabin | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Niesłabin | |
| Coordinates: 52°8′N 17°0′E / 52.133°N 17.000°E / 52.133; 17.000 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Greater Poland |
| County | Śrem |
| Gmina | Śrem |
| Highest elevation | 70 m (230 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 60 m (200 ft) |
| Population | 350 |


title: Soucy, Aisne

abstract: Soucy is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

text:
# Soucy, Aisne

**Soucy** (French pronunciation: \[susi\]) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

## Population

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1962 | 91 |  |
| 1968 | 89 | −2.2% |
| 1975 | 72 | −19.1% |
| 1982 | 62 | −13.9% |
| 1990 | 68 | +9.7% |
| 1999 | 73 | +7.4% |
| 2008 | 81 | +11.0% |

## InfoBox

| Soucy | |
| --- | --- |
| Commune | |
| The town hall of Soucy | |
| Location of Soucy | |
| SoucySoucy | |
| Coordinates: 49°18′49″N 3°07′36″E / 49.3136°N 3.1267°E / 49.3136; 3.1267 | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Hauts-de-France |
| Department | Aisne |
| Arrondissement | Soissons |
| Canton | Villers-Cotterêts |
| Government | |
| Mayor (20202026) | Daniel Gobbe |
| Area**1** | 5.22 km2 (2.02 sq mi) |
| Population (2021) | 77 |
| Density | 15/km2 (38/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 02729 /02600 |
| Elevation | 65–152 m (213–499 ft)
(avg. 152 m or 499 ft) |
| **1** French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers \> 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |


title: 16 Cook Street

abstract: 16 Cook Street, Liverpool is the world's second glass curtain walled building. Designed by Peter Ellis in 1866, it is a Grade II* Listed Building. Built two years after Oriel Chambers on Water Street, the architect's best-known work, it shows the development of Ellis' style. Its floor to ceiling glass allows light to penetrate deep into the building, contrasting strongly with the adjacent structures. It has been suggested that American architect John Root was influenced by the construction of both buildings, having studied in Liverpool at the time of their construction. Both 16 Cook Street and Oriel Chambers were featured in the ITV television programme Grundy's Northern Pride, looking at John Grundy's favourite buildings in the north of England, aired on 9 January 2007.

text:
# 16 Cook Street

**16 Cook Street**, Liverpool is the world's second glass curtain walled building. Designed by Peter Ellis in 1866, it is a Grade II\* Listed Building.

Built two years after Oriel Chambers on Water Street, the architect's best-known work, it shows the development of Ellis' style. Its floor to ceiling glass allows light to penetrate deep into the building, contrasting strongly with the adjacent structures. It has been suggested that American architect John Root was influenced by the construction of both buildings, having studied in Liverpool at the time of their construction.

Both 16 Cook Street and Oriel Chambers were featured in the ITV (Granada / Tyne Tees) television programme *Grundy's Northern Pride*, looking at John Grundy's favourite buildings in the north of England, aired on 9 January 2007.

53°24′22″N 2°59′21″W / 53.40611°N 2.98917°W / 53.40611; -2.98917