title: Vassendgutane

abstract: Vassendgutane is a Norwegian country and danseband that have defined their own genre, 'party-country', a combination of the two. The band was formed in Ørsta in 1996, and have since released seven albums and two DVDs.

text:
# Vassendgutane

**Vassendgutane** is a Norwegian country and danseband that have defined their own genre, 'party-country', a combination of the two.

The band was formed in Ørsta in 1996, and have since released seven albums and two DVDs.

## Members

* Sindre Aam – vocals, bass and lyrics
* Arthur Johan Bjørdal – vocals, guitar and lyrics
* Rune S. Brautaset – guitar, vocals and lyrics
* Ernst O. Brune – accordion
* Alf Rune Melby – steel
* Frank Willy Utgård – electric guitar
* Kim Erik Lillestøl – drums

Source:

## History

### Beginning

Vassendgutane was established in 1996 by founding band members Sindre Aam (vocals, bass), Arthur Johan Bjørdal (vocals, acouistic guitar), Rune Brautaset (vocals, acouistic guitar), Ernst Brude (accordion), Henning Arsæther (Drums), and Jan Ove Hovdenakk (electric guitar). Vassendgutane's most important inspiration both in the beginning, but also throughout their career has been the norwegian countryartist Teddy Nelson. When Vassengutane released their first album *Pylse og Konjakk* in 2000 they had only written two of the songs in the album. There was one by artist Ivar Medaas, but the rest written originally by Teddy Nelson.

### Early 2000's

On their second album *Gi Clutch* (2002) were all the album's song's self written, and Vassendgutane rose from a phenomenon to regional heroes. Most of their albums were sold in gas stations and in concert. In 2005 they released their third album *Ungkar med dobbelseng*. Soon the title track became known all over the country, helped by a music video directed by another man from Ørsta, Egil Olsen. The album sold well, and was on the norwegian music chart *VG-lista* for three weeks.

### Breakthrough

Despite negative ratings from music critics and little to none radio time on national radio, Vassendgutane rose to new heights. With Vassendgutane's 4th album *XO* released in 2008 they finally got their big national breakthrough, and the album topped the *VG-lista* chart for two weeks.

In 2011, they released the album *Riskrem og entrekått* which also did well. Album nr.6, *Festi e'kje slutt* (2012) is a collection of Vassengutane's greatest hits, as well as four new songs. Since then Vassendgutane have released the albums *Hesteslepp* (2013), *Skru Opp!!* (2015) and *Du & Ej & Metoo* (2018). Vassendgutane have sold to either Gold or platinum certification in Norway for all their albums, and all together Vassendgutane have sold over 300 000 albums. Vassendgutane release all their songs and albums on their own label Vassend Records.

Source:

## Discography

### Albums

| Year | Album | Peak positions | Certification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | NOR
 | |
| 2000 | *Pylse og konjakk* |  |  |
| 2002 | *Gi clutch* |  |  |
| 2005 | *Ungkar med dobbelseng* | 27
 |  |
| 2008 | *XO* | 1 |  |
| 2010 | *Julefest i vest* | 31 |  |
| 2011 | *Riskrem og entrekått* | 6 |  |
| 2012 | *Festi e'kje slutt* | 9 |  |
| 2013 | *Hesteslepp* | 1 |  |
| 2015 | *Skru opp!!* | 1 |  |
| 2018 | *Du & ej & MeToo* | 4
 |  |

### Singles and Ep's

* 2001: "Køyr mej ned te vik"
* 2009: "Diggy liggy lo"
* 2012: "Stein, torv og grus"
* 2013: "Ho va so fine/Bygdis"
* 2017: "Hjertestartar og statoilkopp"
* 2017: "Køyr mej heimatt"
* 2018: "MeToo"
* 2019: "Skalldyrfest"
* 2019: "Sånn so det va før"
* 2020: "Hurragutt"
* 2021: "Longt Inne I En Fjord"
* 2022: "Skrekkraude Rapala"
* 2023 "Kongen av Norge"

### DVD

* 2006: *Vassendgutane LIVE! Rockefeller*
* 2009: *Vassendgutane LIVE! Treungen*

## InfoBox

| Vassendgutane | |
| --- | --- |
| Vassendgutane live in 2008. | |
| Background information | |
| Origin | Ørsta, Norway |
| Genres | Country |
| Years active | 1996–present |
|  | |
| Members | Sindre Aam
Arthur Johan Bjørdal
Rune S. Brautaset
Ernst O. Brune
Kim Erik Lillestøl
Frank Willy Utgård
Alf Rune Melby |
|  | |
| Website | vassendgutane.no |


title: Tryptophan dehydrogenase

abstract:
In enzymology, a tryptophan dehydrogenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
  - L-tryptophan + NAD(P)+ + H2O ⇌ (indol-3-yl)pyruvate + NH3 + NAD(P)H + H+ The 4 substrates of this enzyme are L-tryptophan, NAD+, NADP+, and H2O, whereas its 5 products are (indol-3-yl)pyruvate, NH3, NADH, NADPH, and H+. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-tryptophan:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase (deaminating). Other names in common use include NAD(P)+-L-tryptophan dehydrogenase, L-tryptophan dehydrogenase, L-Trp-dehydrogenase, and TDH. This enzyme has at least one effector, calcium.

text:
# Tryptophan dehydrogenase

In enzymology, a **tryptophan dehydrogenase** (EC 1.4.1.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-tryptophan + NAD(P)+ + H2O $\rightleftharpoons $ (indol-3-yl)pyruvate + NH3 \+ NAD(P)H + H+

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are L-tryptophan, NAD+, NADP+, and H2O, whereas its 5 products are (indol-3-yl)pyruvate, NH3, NADH, NADPH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH2 group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is **L-tryptophan:NAD(P)+ oxidoreductase (deaminating)**. Other names in common use include **NAD(P)+-L-tryptophan dehydrogenase**, **L-tryptophan dehydrogenase**, **L-Trp-dehydrogenase**, and **TDH**. This enzyme has at least one effector, calcium.

* Vackova K, Mehta A, Kutacek M (1985). "Tryptophan aminotransferase and tryptophan dehydrogenase - activities in some cell compartments of spinach leaves - the effect of calcium-ions on tryptophan dehydrogenase". *Biol. Plant*. **27** (2–3): 154–158. doi:10.1007/BF02902153.

## InfoBox

| tryptophan dehydrogenase | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| EC no. | 1.4.1.19 |
| CAS no. | 94047-13-9 |
| Databases | |
| IntEnz | IntEnz view |
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry |
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view |
| KEGG | KEGG entry |
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway |
| PRIAM | profile |
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum |
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO |
| Search  PMC articles  PubMed articles  NCBI proteins | |


# Wheelchair tennis at the 2017 ASEAN Para Games

Wheelchair Tennis at the 2017 ASEAN Para Games was held at National Tennis Centre, Jalan Duta, Kuala Lumpur.

## Medal tally

*   Host nation (Malaysia)

| Rank | Nation | Gold | Silver | Bronze | Total |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Malaysia (MAS)* | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 |
| 2 | Thailand (THA) | 1 | 2 | 3 | 6 |
| Totals (2 entries) | | 3 | 3 | 6 | 12 |

## Medalists

| Event | Gold | Silver | Bronze |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Men's singles | Abu Samah Borhan
Malaysia | Suthi Khlongrua
Thailand | Yusshazwan Yusoff
Malaysia |
| | | | Ariffahmi Zaquan Ariffin
Malaysia |
| Quad singles | Azman Hasan
Malaysia | Sombut Yampapha
Thailand | Pol Janteam
Thailand |
| | | | Nattaporn Taosrisakul
Thailand |
| Men's doubles | Thailand (THA)
Suthi Khlongrua
Wittaya Peemee | Malaysia (MAS)
Abu Samah Borhan
Ariffahmi Zaquan Ariffin | Malaysia (MAS)
Yusshazwan Yusoff
Firdaus Ibrahim |
| | | | Thailand (THA)
Banjob Suwan
Sunthon Sridaeng |


title: ReachNow

abstract: ReachNow was a carsharing service operated by BMW Group in Seattle, Portland, and Brooklyn. It launched in 2016 and it shut down its services in Seattle and Portland on July 17, 2019. It used a mobile app for car reservations and operated a fleet of over 1,000 vehicles. It was one of three car-sharing services in the city of Seattle, competing with car2go and Zipcar. ReachNow was similar to another BMW Group service DriveNow, but was focused on North American cities starting with Seattle. Unlike DriveNow which is a joint-venture with Sixt, ReachNow is a fully owned BMW subsidiary, with RideCell rather than Sixt, providing the technology platform.

text:
# ReachNow

**ReachNow** was a carsharing service operated by BMW Group in Seattle, Portland, and Brooklyn. It launched in 2016 and it shut down its services in Seattle and Portland on July 17, 2019. It used a mobile app for car reservations and operated a fleet of over 1,000 vehicles. It was one of three car-sharing services in the city of Seattle, competing with car2go and Zipcar. ReachNow was similar to another BMW Group service DriveNow, but was focused on North American cities starting with Seattle. Unlike DriveNow which is a joint-venture with Sixt, ReachNow is a fully owned BMW subsidiary, with RideCell rather than Sixt, providing the technology platform.

## History

It launched in April 2016 with 370 vehicles. In May 2016, Steve Banfield was named Chief Executive Officer and the company declared that they had reached 13,000 registered members; Car2Go, the main competitor to ReachNow in Seattle, stated they had 77,000 members at the time.

In December, ReachNow announced that it would add 180 cars to its fleet in Seattle, bringing the total to 700, and lowered its minimum age requirement to 18 years old. The company is also expanding its operations to include four new Mobility Services: Reserve, Share, Fleet Solutions and a ridesharing company, ReachNow Ride, to compete with Uber and Lyft.

In March 2018, BMW and Daimler announced that their carsharing services, ReachNow and Car2go, would merge into a combined entity that would be jointly operated.

BMW cancelled ReachNow Ride in May 2019 and on July 17, 2019, announced that it would cancel all of its services in Seattle and Portland effective immediately.

## Service area

ReachNow initially launched in April 2016 serving a limited area of the city of Seattle, but expanded several times to eventually encompass the entire city by December. ReachNow also expanded to serve the Seattle–Tacoma International Airport in August 2016.

ReachNow expanded to Portland, Oregon, on September 19, 2016, and parts of Brooklyn, New York in November. Service in Brooklyn was suspended due to maintenance issues.

## Fleet

ReachNow maintained a fleet of 700 vehicles in Seattle, 360 in Portland and 260 in Brooklyn. Models included the BMW 328xi and BMW 330xi sedan, the electric i3, the Mini Cooper (in both 2-door and 4-door configurations), and the Mini Clubman. In December 2016, ReachNow added the BMW X1 to its fleet.

## InfoBox

ReachNow
|
|  |
|
| Company type | Public (subsidiary) |
| Industry | Car rental |
| Founded | April 8, 2016 (2016-04-08) |
| Defunct | July 17, 2019 (2019-07-17) |
| Successor | DriveNow |
| Headquarters | 2118 3rd Avenue
Seattle, Washington, United States |
| Number of locations | 1 |
| Key people | Steve Banfield
(Chief Executive Officer) |
| Services | Carsharing |
| Owner | BMW Group |
| Parent | BMW |
| Website | www.reachnow.com |


title: Ray Brook, New York

abstract: Ray Brook is a hamlet in New York State, United States located on NY 86 between Saranac Lake and Lake Placid in the Town of North Elba in Essex County. It is the site of the Adirondack Park Agency, the District 5 office of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, the Federal Correctional Institution, Ray Brook and the Adirondack Correctional Facility. The New York State Office of Real Property Tax Services—an office within the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance—has an office here as well. The ZIP Code for Ray Brook is 12977. In 1904, it was the site of the first state-operated tuberculosis sanatorium. Subsequent to the development of effective treatments for tuberculosis, the property was used by the Drug Addiction Control Commission for enforcement and treatment in 1971. Later it was used for Olympic staff housing for the 1980 Winter Olympics and for the Olympic Village; after the games it became a new state prison, and 200 acres (0.81 km⁲) deeded to the federal government became a new federal prison. The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Region 5, is headquartered in Raybrook; it operates the Meadowbrook Campground across the road from its offices. The headquarters of the New York State Police Troop B was built in Ray Brook in 1979; Troop B is responsible for Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Hamilton and St. Lawrence counties.

text:
# Ray Brook, New York

**Ray Brook** is a hamlet in New York State, United States located on NY 86 between Saranac Lake and Lake Placid in the Town of North Elba in Essex County. It is the site of the Adirondack Park Agency, the District 5 office of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, the Federal Correctional Institution, Ray Brook and the Adirondack Correctional Facility. The New York State Office of Real Property Tax Services—an office within the New York State Department of Taxation and Finance—has an office here as well. The ZIP Code for Ray Brook is 12977.

In 1904, it was the site of the first state-operated tuberculosis sanatorium. Subsequent to the development of effective treatments for tuberculosis, the property was used by the Drug Addiction Control Commission for enforcement and treatment in 1971. Later it was used for Olympic staff housing for the 1980 Winter Olympics and for the Olympic Village; after the games it became a new state prison, and 200 acres (0.81 km2) deeded to the federal government became a new federal prison.

The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Region 5, is headquartered in Raybrook; it operates the Meadowbrook Campground across the road from its offices.

The headquarters of the New York State Police Troop B was built in Ray Brook in 1979; Troop B is responsible for Clinton, Essex, Franklin, Hamilton and St. Lawrence counties.

## Climate

| Climate data for Ray Brook, New York, 1991–2020 normals, 1969–2004: 1620ft (494m) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °F (°C) | 61
(16) | 60
(16) | 79
(26) | 89
(32) | 89
(32) | 93
(34) | 93
(34) | 96
(36) | 93
(34) | 79
(26) | 69
(21) | 61
(16) | 96
(36) |
| Mean maximum °F (°C) | 46.8
(8.2) | 51.0
(10.6) | 62.5
(16.9) | 74.0
(23.3) | 81.6
(27.6) | 86.5
(30.3) | 87.7
(30.9) | 86.7
(30.4) | 81.6
(27.6) | 74.3
(23.5) | 62.4
(16.9) | 49.1
(9.5) | 89.2
(31.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 23.3
(−4.8) | 25.5
(−3.6) | 34.2
(1.2) | 47.7
(8.7) | 61.0
(16.1) | 69.6
(20.9) | 74.4
(23.6) | 72.4
(22.4) | 65.5
(18.6) | 52.2
(11.2) | 39.8
(4.3) | 27.4
(−2.6) | 49.4
(9.7) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 14.3
(−9.8) | 15.3
(−9.3) | 24.3
(−4.3) | 37.6
(3.1) | 50.2
(10.1) | 59.4
(15.2) | 63.7
(17.6) | 61.9
(16.6) | 54.9
(12.7) | 43.9
(6.6) | 32.9
(0.5) | 21.0
(−6.1) | 39.9
(4.4) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 5.3
(−14.8) | 5.1
(−14.9) | 14.3
(−9.8) | 27.4
(−2.6) | 39.4
(4.1) | 49.1
(9.5) | 53.0
(11.7) | 51.3
(10.7) | 44.3
(6.8) | 35.7
(2.1) | 26.1
(−3.3) | 14.6
(−9.7) | 30.5
(−0.8) |
| Mean minimum °F (°C) | −22.5
(−30.3) | −17.3
(−27.4) | −11.5
(−24.2) | 11.8
(−11.2) | 25.2
(−3.8) | 32.5
(0.3) | 39.4
(4.1) | 36.5
(2.5) | 27.6
(−2.4) | 18.7
(−7.4) | 5.8
(−14.6) | −13.7
(−25.4) | −25.3
(−31.8) |
| Record low °F (°C) | −35
(−37) | −34
(−37) | −26
(−32) | −6
(−21) | 18
(−8) | 26
(−3) | 33
(1) | 28
(−2) | 22
(−6) | 9
(−13) | −5
(−21) | −31
(−35) | −35
(−37) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.41
(61) | 1.85
(47) | 2.21
(56) | 2.70
(69) | 3.21
(82) | 3.87
(98) | 3.60
(91) | 3.72
(94) | 3.90
(99) | 3.43
(87) | 3.40
(86) | 2.61
(66) | 36.91
(936) |
| Average snowfall inches (cm) | 25.8
(66) | 19.8
(50) | 18.5
(47) | 9.5
(24) | 0.8
(2.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.0
(0.0) | 0.1
(0.25) | 1.5
(3.8) | 14.4
(37) | 21.8
(55) | 112.2
(285.05) |
| Source 1: NOAA | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Source 2: XMACIS2 (records, 1981-2003 monthly max/min & snowfall) | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

44°17′36″N 74°05′35″W / 44.29333°N 74.09306°W / 44.29333; -74.09306


title: UTV News (TV channel)

abstract: UTV News is a television channel broadcasting news only, updated every minute since 2010, from Tirana, Albania. Originally started as Teuta TV based in Durrës, it was re-branded to UFO Education in 2007. The station is affiliated with UFO Albanian University in Tirana, Albania.

text:
# UTV News (TV channel)

**UTV News** is a television channel broadcasting news only, updated every minute since 2010, from Tirana, Albania. Originally started as Teuta TV based in Durrës, it was re-branded to UFO Education in 2007. The station is affiliated with UFO Albanian University in Tirana, Albania.

## TV programs made and broadcast by UTV News

| Original name | Format | Origin |
| --- | --- | --- |
| *Fakt* | Talk show | Albania |
| *Edicioni i Pare* | News | Albania |
| *Ata po Thone* | Political show | Albania |
| *Ora 0* | News | Albania |
| *Fundjava Kult* | Culture | Albania |
| *Crime Zone* | Talk show | Albania |
| *Fun Page* | Entertainment Show | Albania |
| *Ex Libris* | Culture | Albania |

1. UTV News (in Albanian)
2. "TELEVIZIONI UTV NEWS". *www.albanianuniversity.al*. Archived from the original on 2011-10-12.

## InfoBox

UTV News
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Country | Albania |
| History | |
| Launched | 199? - as (Teuta Tv) 2007 - as (UFO education) 2010 - as (UTV news) |
| Links | |
| Website | www.utv-news.tv |
| Availability | |
|  | |
| Terrestrial | |
| Analogue | PAL (ch 27 UHF in Tirana) |
| Digital | DVB-T |
|  | |


title: Maimuna (spider)

abstract: Maimuna is a genus of funnel weavers first described by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967.

text:
# Maimuna (spider)

***Maimuna*** is a genus of funnel weavers first described by Pekka T. Lehtinen in 1967.

## Species

As of April 2019 it contains seven species:

## InfoBox

| *Maimuna* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Maimuna vestita* | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Agelenidae |
| Genus: | *Maimuna*
Lehtinen, 1967 |
|
| Type species | |
| *M. vestita* (C. L. Koch, 1841)
 | |
| Species | |
| 7, see text | |


title: Francesco Bossi

abstract: Francesco Bossi was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Novara (1579–1583), Bishop of Perugia (1574–1579), and Bishop of Gravina (1568–1574).

text:
# Francesco Bossi

**Francesco Bossi** (1525  18 September 1583) was a Roman Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Novara (1579–1583), Bishop of Perugia (1574–1579), and Bishop of Gravina (1568–1574).

## Biography

Francesco Bossi was born in Milan in 1525. On 2 August 1568, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Pius V as Bishop of Gravina. On 28 August 1568, he was consecrated bishop by Otto Truchseß von Waldburg, Bishop of Augsburg. On 5 May 1574, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Perugia. On 21 October 1579, he was appointed during the papacy of Pope Gregory XIII as Bishop of Novara. He served as Bishop of Novara until his death on 18 September 1583.

While bishop, he was the principal co-consecrator of Ottavio Santacroce, Bishop of Cervia (1576), and Ottaviano Paravicini, Bishop of Alessandria (della Paglia) (1584).

## InfoBox

| Most Reverend
Francesco Bossi | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop of Novara | |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Diocese | Diocese of Novara |
| In office | 1579–1583 |
| Predecessor | Pomponio Cotta |
| Successor | Gaspare Visconti |
| Previous post(s) | Bishop of Gravina (1568–1574)
Bishop of Perugia (1574–1579) |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 28 August 1568
by Otto Truchseß von Waldburg |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1525
Milan, Italy |
| Died | 18 September 1583 (age 58)
Novara, Italy |
| Nationality | Italian |


abstract: The Winged Altarpiece of Our Lady from Seeberg is a Late Gothic altarpiece originally located in the Church of St Wolfgang in Seeberg. The sculptor, known as the Master of the Marian Altarpiece from Seeberg, received his training in the workshop of the Bavarian sculptor Hans Leinberger, and so the works of the two artists are similar in style and date from the same time. The workshop of the Master of the Marian Altarpiece from Seeberg was most probably located directly in Cheb, where it combined the local woodcarving tradition of the successful workshop of Hans Maler with the contemporary fashionable style of the Danube School. The altarpiece from Seeberg is one of the few outstanding works of Late Gothic sculpture to have been preserved in the Cheb region. It is displayed in the permanent exhibition of the Gallery of Fine Arts in Cheb.

text:
# Winged Altarpiece of Our Lady from Seeberg

The **Winged Altarpiece of Our Lady from Seeberg** (ca. 1520) is a Late Gothic altarpiece originally located in the Church of St Wolfgang in Seeberg (today Ostroh). The sculptor, known as the *Master of the Marian Altarpiece from Seeberg*, received his training in the workshop of the Bavarian sculptor Hans Leinberger, and so the works of the two artists are similar in style and date from the same time. The workshop of the Master of the Marian Altarpiece from Seeberg was most probably located directly in Cheb, where it combined the local woodcarving tradition of the successful workshop of Hans Maler with the contemporary fashionable style of the Danube School. The altarpiece from Seeberg is one of the few outstanding works of Late Gothic sculpture to have been preserved in the Cheb region. It is displayed in the permanent exhibition of the Gallery of Fine Arts in Cheb.

## History of the altarpiece from Seeberg

In the older literature the anonymous woodcarver was also known as the Master of the Altarpiece of St Jodoc, but it was not until 1974 that Ševčíková said the altarpiece originally came from the Church of St Jodoc in Cheb, without giving any evidence for this. On the other hand, the altarpiece is repeatedly documented by researchers as having been in the Late Gothic presbytery of the castle Church of St Wolfgang in Seeberg. This 13th-century castle, which originally belonged to the town of Cheb and then from 1434 to Kaspar Schlick, was purchased in a considerably dilapidated condition in 1461 by Kaspar Juncker of Seeberg (Burgrave of Cheb and diplomat in the service of King George of Poděbrady). Juncker founded the Church of St Wolfgang on a separate promontory opposite the castle on the other side of the River Seebach. The construction of the church was completed by his widow Anna Schlick, who is buried with him in the church. From 1497 the castle belonged to the brothers Konhrad and Jošt of Neuberg (Neiperg), and after 1527 to the four sons of Konhrad of Neuberg.

Konhrad of Neuberg commissioned an older altarpiece with the scene of the Lamentation of Christ (1498) and a Marian altarpiece with the figures of the bishops St Wolfgang (patron saint of the church) and St Nicholas (patron saint of Cheb). The altarpiece can be shown to have been in the Church of St Wolfgang before 1870 and is last mentioned in a publication dating from 1915. Since 1901 it has been listed in the inventory of Cheb Museum.

According to a Baroque tin plaque from the year 1683, originally located beneath the feet of the Assumpta but no longer extant, the altarpiece was originally consecrated in 1520. In the Baroque period, an upper section was added to the altarpiece with a statue of St Valentine and other additions, and it survived in this form until the Second World War. During the war the statues were removed and hidden, and later exhibited separately in Cheb Museum. Eventually they were transferred to the newly established Gallery of Fine Arts in Cheb in 1962.

## Description and context

The altarpiece with movable wings (centre 187 x 155 cm, wings 187 x 79 cm), shows the scene of the Virgin Mary taken up into heaven and glorified (the Assumpta), depicted between two bishops. On her right is evidently St Wolfgang (patron saint of the church), on the left St Nicholas (patron saint of Cheb). The same arrangement of the figures, identified by their attributes, was to be seen on an Early Baroque altar painting from Seeberg castle church, as described by Karl Siegl in 1915. The painting was handed over to the Cheb District National Committee in 1971 and is now missing.

The relief sculptures of the bishops are holding a book and do not have attributes. According to Turnwald, an upper section was added to the altarpiece in 1683 and polychrome was applied to the sculptures. This was removed during later restorations in 1970, 1972, and 2005. Also dating from 1683 is the wooden plaque on the altarpiece corpus, on which the bishops are designated as St Burkhard (patron saint of Würzburg), St Erhard (patron saint of Regensburg), and St Valentine. The plaque, today displayed with the altarpiece, also gives the date the work was created (1520).

All three relief sculptures within the corpus are characterised by virtuoso woodcarving work, which has no parallel among extant Late Gothic sculptures in Cheb. On the folding wings of the altarpiece are on the left St Anne with the Virgin and Child, and on the right St Christopher. These sculptures, executed in bas-relief, are the product of a workshop, and the carving work is derived from an older Cheb tradition. The statue on the upper section, representing St Valentine, was not added until the Baroque renovation in 1683. It has a rougher finish and comes from another altarpiece, where it evidently stood on the left of the central sculpture and was half-turned towards it.

### Madonna on a crescent moon (Assumpta)

A high relief sculpture carved from lindenwood, 116.5 cm in height, hollowed out from behind, with minor damage to details. The crown and sceptre were removed during restoration, because they were later additions.

The Virgin Mary is standing on a crescent moon and a slightly raised plinth with the heads of two cherubs. She is being crowned by two hovering angels, executed in mid-relief. In terms of composition, the figure of the Assumpta is based on older models, in particular Leinberger’s Madonna of the Rosary in Landshut and the Madonna from the pilgrimage church in Scheuern. The Virgin holds a small naked Infant Jesus high on her left side above the free flexed leg. In her right hand she probably had an apple or a pear. The Infant holds a small fruit in his right hand; part of his left hand is missing. Painted on his breast is a necklace of red beads, which was a protective apotropaic symbol in the Middle Ages. The sublime nature of the Mother of God is reflected in her sumptuous undergarment with its close-fitting bodice and high collar.

Unlike Leinberger’s Bavarian Madonnas, the Seeberg Virgin Mary is holding the Infant Jesus above the free flexed leg. Otherwise, Mary’s overgarment is almost identical with them, including the way it is pleated and the fashionable details of the underbodice. The Virgin also has a similar rolled pearl virgin headband, enclosing long flowing hair.

### St Wolfgang (St Burkhard)

A high relief sculpture carved from lindenwood, 127.5 cm in height, hollowed out from behind. In his left hand the bishop holds a half-open book, and in his right hand he evidently held a bishop’s crozier. He is wearing episcopal robes (an alb, a dalmatic, and a pluvial fastened by a brooch), his hands are gloved, and on his head he has a mitre with two lappets and a relief of the Annunciation. The hem of his cloak is decorated by carving work.

### St Nicholas (St Erhard)

A high relief sculpture carved from lindenwood, 126 cm in height, hollowed out from behind. The bishop is wearing gloves, in his right hand he evidently held a crozier, and his left hand is raised in the gesture of a confessor (?). On his mitre is the relief scene Noli me tangere. The hem of his cloak is decorated by carving work. Of the central three sculptures, this one is of the highest quality, and most closely resembles the works of Hans Leinberger.

The facial type of the two bishops is similar to works from the second decade of the 16th century attributed to Matthäus Kreniss, or to the sculpture of St Erasmus from the Marian altar in Frauenberg-Landshut. The motifs of the robes are derived from the early work of Hans Leinberger – especially typical are the narrow tubiform edges of the folds, punctuated by notches, and the twisting of the hems of the robes into smaller cone-shaped forms. The fully three-dimensional folds of the robes of all three figures have a separate artistic role. They combine prominent folds with sharp broken edges and cone-shaped twisted tips. The delicacy of some details, such as the carving of the reliefs on the mitres of the two bishops, indicate that the sculptures were not intended to be polychromed.

### St Valentine

A statue carved from lindenwood, 116 cm in height, fashioned from behind. In his left hand the bishop is holding a half-open book, and in his right hand he evidently held a crozier. The mitre is smooth, without relief decoration. The upper section with a statue of St Valentine, in a shallow aedicule enclosed by conches, was not added until the Baroque period, when the sculptures were also polychromed.

### St Anne with the Virgin and Child

A mid-relief measuring 123.5 x 52.5 x 9 cm, inv. no. P 31

St Anne holds a naked Infant Jesus in her left hand, while her right hand rests on the shoulder of the Virgin Mary. The Infant, portrayed as a lively child, holds an apple in his left hand, and embraces his grandmother round the neck with his right hand. The bareheaded Virgin Mary, with a girl’s headband, stands on her mother’s right side and reads from a half-open book.

### St Christopher

A mid-relief carved from lindenwood measuring 131 x 51 x 9 cm, inv. no. P 30

St Christopher is standing in waves and leans with both hands on a pilgrim’s staff. The Infant Jesus on his left shoulder is naked and holds onto his hair. By St Christopher’s right leg kneels a pilgrim with a lantern, with which he lights St Christopher on his journey. This scene is common in the late Middle Ages and is derived, for example, from a copperplate engraving (1495) or woodcut (1500-1502) by Abrecht Dürer.

Both sculptures are based on modern models from the Lower Bavarian region. The two sculptures on the wings differ from the central three relief sculptures in the workmanship of the carving and the facial types. These correspond to the conservative approach of woodcarvers from a local workshop in Cheb (the Master of the Madonna from the Stone Street), which was in operation there before the arrival of the Master of the Marian Altarpiece from Seeberg and which produced sculptures, for example, for the Church of St Nicholas in Cheb.

### Other works (produced by the workshop or pupils)

* Madonna on a crescent moon (1520-1530), Gallery of Fine Arts in Cheb
* Madonna on a crescent moon (1520-1530), Vicariate in Františkovy Lázně
* St Margaret, St Barbara, a Holy Bishop (National Gallery in Prague), a Holy Bishop (private collection), part of the altarpiece from 1520-1530
* Assumpta from Stupno, Gallery of West Bohemia in Plzeň

## Works by Hans Leinberger

## Sources

* Jiří Vykoukal (ed.), Umění gotiky na Chebsku, Galerie výtvarného umění v Chebu 2009, ISBN 978-80-85016-92-5
* Michaela Ottová, Mistr mariánského oltáře ze Seeberku, in: A. Mudra, M. Ottová (eds.), Ars vivendi. Professori Jaromír Homolka ad honorem, Opera FTC UCP, Historia et historia artium, vol. V, Praha 2006, pp. 327-349
* Jana Ševčíková, Chebská gotická plastika, Galerie výtvarného umění v Chebu 1975


title: List of Crusaders Rugby League players

text:
# List of Crusaders Rugby League players

This page details the honours and statistics of individual players of the Crusaders Rugby League club.

## 2011 Squad

2011 Crusaders RL season
| First team squad | | | | | |  | | Coaching staff | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | **Head coach**

**Assistant coach**

Source:

---  Legend:* (c) Captain(s) * (vc) Vice-captain(s)  ---
 |

## 2010 Squad

2010 Crusaders RL season
| First team squad | | | | | |  | | Coaching staff | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | **Head coach**

**Assistant coaches**

Source:

---  Legend:* (c) Captain(s) * (vc) Vice-captain(s)  ---
 |

## Player Of The Year

The award is determined by fans votes and is usually presented in December or January.

| Year | Player |
| --- | --- |
| 2006 | Tony Duggan |
| 2007 |  |
| 2008 |  |
| 2009 |  |
| 2010 |  |
| 2011 | Tony Martin |
|

## Award Honours

| Year | Criteria | Player |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2006 | UK's Top Try Scorer | Tony Duggan (37) |
| 2006 | National League Two Player Of The Season | Jace Van Dijk |
| 2006 | National League Two Team Of The Season | Jace Van Dijk |
| 2006 | National League Two Team Of The Season | Tony Duggan |
| 2007 | UK's Top Try Scorer | Tony Duggan (40) |
| 2007 | National League Two Player Of The Season | Tony Duggan |
| 2007 | National League Two Team Of The Season | Neil Budworth |
| 2007 | National League Two Team Of The Season | Mark Dalle Cort |
| 2007 | National League Two Team Of The Season | Tony Duggan |
| 2007 | National League Two Team Of The Season | Damien Quinn |
|

| Year | Criteria | Player |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2007 | National League Two Team Of The Season | Jace Van Dijk |
| 2007 | National League Two Team Of The Season | Neale Wyatt |
| 2007 | Best UK Televised Try Of The Year | Tony Duggan |
| 2008 | National League One Player Of The Season | Damien Quinn |
| 2008 | National League One Team Of The Season | Mark Dalle Cort |
| 2008 | National League One Team Of The Season | Tony Duggan |
| 2008 | National League One Team Of The Season | Darren Mapp |
| 2008 | National League One Team Of The Season | Damien Quinn |
| 2008 | National League One Team Of The Season | Neale Wyatt |
|

## Welsh Internationals

A total of 18 players have won caps with the Wales national rugby league team whilst playing for the Crusaders.

| No. | Player | Crusaders Years | International Years | Int Apps | Int Tries | Int Goals | Int Pts | First Match | Last Match |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 406 | Mark Lennon | 2008-2009 | 2001-2008 | 13 | 4 | 13 | 42 | 31/07 versus England | 10/10 versus England |
| 409 | Gareth Dean | 2006-2008 | 2001-2007 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 31/07 versus England | 09/11 versus Lebanon |
| 410 | Gareth Price | 2006 | 2001-2006 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 31/07 versus England | 29/10 versus Scotland |
| 414 | Aled James | 2008-2009 | 2003-2008 | 8 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 02/11 versus Australia | 10/10 versus England |
| 415 | Jordan James | 2008-2010 | 2003-2009 | 17 | 6 | 0 | 24 | 02/11 versus Australia | - |
| 426 | Anthony Blackwood | 2007-2010 | 2005-2009 | 8 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 16/10 versus Scotland |  |
| 433 | Hywel Davies | 2006-2007 | 2006 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29/10 versus Scotland | 29/10 versus Scotland |
| 436 | Phil Cushion | 2006-2007 | 2007 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 28/10 versus Papua New Guinea | 04/11 versus Scotland |
| 444 | Lee Williams | 2006-2007 | 2008-2009 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 10/10 versus England |  |
| 446 | Ben Flower | 2008-2010 | 2008-2009 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 10/10 versus England |  |
| 447 | Geraint Davies | 2006-2009 | 2008-2009 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 10/10 versus England |  |
| 450 | Gil Dudson | 2009-2010 | 2008 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 10/10 versus England |  |
| 451 | Elliot Kear | 2009-2010 | 2009 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 17/10 versus England |  |
| 452 | Ashley Bateman | 2009 | 2009 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 12 | 17/10 versus England |  |
| 453 | Lloyd White | 2009-2010 | 2009 | 3 | 1 | 9 | 22 | 17/10 versus England |  |
| 454 | Neil Budworth | 2007-2009 | 2009 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 17/10 versus England |  |
| 458 | Chris Beasley | 2006-2009 | 2009 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29/10 versus Serbia |  |
| 459 | Lewis Mills | 2009 | 2009 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 29/10 versus Serbia |  |
|

## Other Internationals

* Anthony Seibold - Germany
* Jason Chan - Papua New Guinea


title: Tryptophan 2'-dioxygenase

abstract: In enzymology, a tryptophan 2'-dioxygenase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Thus, the 3 substrates of this enzyme are L-tryptophan, O2 and H+, whereas its 3 products are (indol-3-yl)glycolaldehyde, CO2, and NH+4.

text:
# Tryptophan 2'-dioxygenase

In enzymology, a **tryptophan 2'-dioxygenase** (EC 1.13.99.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

L-tryptophan + O
2 \+ H+
$\rightleftharpoons $ (indol-3-yl)glycolaldehyde + CO
2 \+ NH+
4

Thus, the 3 substrates of this enzyme are L-tryptophan, O
2 and H+, whereas its 3 products are (indol-3-yl)glycolaldehyde, CO
2, and NH+
4.

## Classification

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on single donors with O2 as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases). The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O miscellaneous.

## Nomenclature

The systematic name of this enzyme class is **L-tryptophan:oxygen 2'-oxidoreductase (side-chain-cleaving)**. Other names in common use include **indole-3-alkane alpha-hydroxylase**, **tryptophan side-chain alpha,beta-oxidase**, **tryptophan side chain oxidase II**, **tryptophan side-chain oxidase**, **TSO**, **indolyl-3-alkan alpha-hydroxylase**, **tryptophan side chain oxidase type I**, **TSO I**, **TSO II**, and **tryptophan side chain oxidase**.

## Biological role

This enzyme participates in tryptophan metabolism. It employs one cofactor, heme.

* Roberts J, Rosenfeld HJ (1977). "Isolation, crystallization, and properties of indolyl-3-alkane alpha-hydroxylase. A novel tryptophan-metabolizing enzyme". *J. Biol. Chem*. **252** (8): 2640–7. PMID 15994.
* Takai K, Ushiro H, Noda Y, Narumiya S, Tokuyama T (1977). "Crystalline hemoprotein from Pseudomonas that catalyzes oxidation of side chain of tryptophan and other indole derivatives". *J. Biol. Chem*. **252** (8): 2648–56. PMID 15995.

## InfoBox

| tryptophan 2'-dioxygenase | |
| --- | --- |
| Identifiers | |
| EC no. | 1.13.99.3 |
| CAS no. | 64295-81-4 |
| Databases | |
| IntEnz | IntEnz view |
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry |
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view |
| KEGG | KEGG entry |
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway |
| PRIAM | profile |
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum |
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO |
| Search  PMC articles  PubMed articles  NCBI proteins | |


abstract: Mleczkowo is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dąbrowa Biskupia, within Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Dąbrowa Biskupia, 21 km (13 mi) east of Inowrocław, and 27 km (17 mi) south of Toruń.

text:
# Mleczkowo, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

**Mleczkowo** \[mlɛt͡ʂˈkɔvɔ\] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dąbrowa Biskupia, within Inowrocław County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) north-east of Dąbrowa Biskupia, 21 km (13 mi) east of Inowrocław, and 27 km (17 mi) south of Toruń.

## InfoBox

| Mleczkowo | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| Mleczkowo | |
| Coordinates: 52°48′N 18°34′E / 52.800°N 18.567°E / 52.800; 18.567 | |
| Country | Poland |
| Voivodeship | Kuyavian-Pomeranian |
| County | Inowrocław |
| Gmina | Dąbrowa Biskupia |


title: Rear-inflow jet

abstract: The rear-inflow jet is a component of bow echoes in a mesoscale convective system that aids in creating a stronger cold pool and downdraft. The jet forms as a response to a convective circulation having upshear tilt and horizontal pressure gradients. The cold pool that comes from the outflow of a storm forms an area of high pressure at the surface. In response to the surface high and warmer temperatures aloft due to convection, a mid-level mesolow forms behind the leading edge of the storm. With a mid-level area of low pressure, air is drawn in under the trailing stratiform region of precipitation. As air is drawn in on the rear side of the storm, it begins to descend as it approaches the front line of the cells. Before reaching the leading edge, the jet descends to the surface as a strong downdraft, creating straight-line winds. Any mature mesoscale convective system is capable of developing its own rear-inflow jet, but questions remain as to what influences the strength of the jet. While the diabatic effects of sublimation, melting and evaporation play a role in influencing jet strength, these effects do not account for cases with strong rear-inflow jets. However, the diabatic effects are responsible for the jet subsiding behind the leading edge of the MCS. The sinking of the jet first starts when the mid level inflow goes under the trailing stratiform cloud before descending to the melting layer. There are other factors that contribute to the strength of any rear inflow jet. The strength of a rear inflow jet can be greatly increased with induced vortices at the end of the line, called "line-end vortices" or "book-end vortices." These vortices at either end of the line will help reinforce the rear inflow towards the center of the line. The other factor that can help strengthen the jet is an environment in which the large scale flow is feeding/forcing mid-level air into the rear end of the storm.

text:
# Rear-inflow jet

The **rear-inflow jet** is a component of bow echoes in a mesoscale convective system that aids in creating a stronger cold pool and downdraft. The jet forms as a response to a convective circulation having upshear tilt and horizontal pressure gradients. The cold pool that comes from the outflow of a storm forms an area of high pressure at the surface. In response to the surface high and warmer temperatures aloft due to convection, a mid-level mesolow forms behind the leading edge of the storm.

With a mid-level area of low pressure, air is drawn in under the trailing stratiform region of precipitation. As air is drawn in on the rear side of the storm, it begins to descend as it approaches the front line of the cells. Before reaching the leading edge, the jet descends to the surface as a strong downdraft, creating straight-line winds.

Any mature mesoscale convective system is capable of developing its own rear-inflow jet, but questions remain as to what influences the strength of the jet. While the diabatic effects of sublimation, melting and evaporation play a role in influencing jet strength, these effects do not account for cases with strong rear-inflow jets. However, the diabatic effects are responsible for the jet subsiding behind the leading edge of the MCS. The sinking of the jet first starts when the mid level inflow goes under the trailing stratiform cloud before descending to the melting layer.

There are other factors that contribute to the strength of any rear inflow jet. The strength of a rear inflow jet can be greatly increased with induced vortices at the end of the line, called "line-end vortices" or "book-end vortices." These vortices at either end of the line will help reinforce the rear inflow towards the center of the line. The other factor that can help strengthen the jet is an environment in which the large scale flow is feeding/forcing mid-level air into the rear end of the storm.

## Further reading

* Jorgensen, Murphy and Wakimoto. "Rear Inflow Evolution in a Non-Severe Bow Echo Observed by Airborne Doppler Radar During Bamex."
* Houze and Smull. "Rear Inflow in Squall Lines with Trailing Stratiform Precipitation" American Meteorological Society, 1987.
* Harder, Jason. "Enhancement of the Downdraft" University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1998.


title: Re Barlow's Will Trusts

abstract: Re Barlow's Will Trusts [1979] 1 WLR 278 is an English trusts law case, concerning certainty of the words "family" and "friends" in a will.

text:
# Re Barlow's Will Trusts

***Re Barlow's Will Trusts*** \[1979\] 1 WLR 278 is an English trusts law case, concerning certainty of the words "family" and "friends" in a will.

## Facts

Miss Helen Alice Dorothy Barlow, the testatrix had a large collection of pictures. She specifically bequeathed some. For the remainder, she declared them to be held by her executor on trust to sell them, but that her ‘family and friends’ could buy them first at 1970 valuations or at the probate value, whichever was lower. The proceeds would go to the residuary estate. The executors asked the court whether the direction about family and friends was void, given its uncertainty, and if it was valid, who the family and friends were.

## Judgment

Browne-Wilkinson J held that the trust was valid, because both concepts of friends and family could be given a workable meaning. Although ‘friend’ could have a wide variety of meaning, the minimum requirements were that (a) the relationship had to be long standing (b) be a social and not a business or professional relationship, and (c) although they may not have met for some time, when circumstances allowed, they would meet frequently. The word ‘family’ could be construed as any ‘blood relation’, and the only reason in other cases to restrict the concept to statutory next of kin had been to save gifts from failing for uncertainty.

> The main questions which arise for my decision are (a) whether the direction to allow members of the family and friends to purchase the pictures is void for uncertainty since the meaning of the word “friends” is too vague to be given legal effect; and (b) what persons are to be treated as being members of the testatrix's family. I will deal first with the question of uncertainty.
>
> Those arguing against the validity of the gift in favour of the friends contend that, in the absence of any guidance from the testatrix, the question “Who were her friends?” is incapable of being answered. The word is said to be “conceptually uncertain” since there are so many different degrees of friendship and it is impossible to say which degree the testatrix had in mind. In support of this argument they rely on Lord Upjohn's remarks in *In re Gulbenkian's Settlements* \[1970\] A.C. 508, and the decision of the House of Lords in *In re Baden's Deed Trusts* \[1971\] A.C. 424, to the effect that it must be possible to say who is within and who without the class of friends. They say that since the testatrix intended all her friends to have the opportunity to acquire a picture, it is necessary to be able to ascertain with certainty all the members of that class.
>
> Mr. Shillingford, who argued in favour of the validity of the gift, contended that the test laid down in the *Gulbenkian* and *Baden* cases was not applicable to this case; the test, he says, is that laid down by the Court of Appeal in *In re Allen*, decd. \[1953\] Ch. 810, as appropriate in cases where the validity of a condition precedent or description is in issue, namely, that the gift is valid if it is possible to say of one or more persons that he or they undoubtedly qualify even though it may be difficult to say of others whether or not they qualify.
>
> The distinction between the Gulbenkian test and the In re Allen test is, in my judgment, well exemplified by the word “friends.” The word has a great range of meanings; indeed, its exact meaning probably varies slightly from person to person. Some would include only those with whom they had been on intimate terms over a long period; others would include acquaintances whom they liked. Some would include people with whom their relationship was primarily one of business; others would not. Indeed, many people, if asked to draw up a complete list of their friends, would probably have some difficulty in deciding whether certain of the people they knew were really “friends” as opposed to “acquaintances.” Therefore, il the nature of the gift was such that it was legally necessary to draw up a complete list of “friends” of the testatrix, or to be able to say of any person that “he is not a friend,” the whole gift would probably fail even as to those who, by any conceivable test, were friends.
>
> But in the case of a gift of a kind which does not require one to establish all the members of the class (e.g. “a gift of £10 to each of my friends”), it may be possible to say of some people that on any test, they qualify. Thus in In re Allen, decd . at p. 817, Sir Raymond Evershed M.R. took the example of a gift to X “if he is a tall man”; a man 6 ft. 6 ins. tall could be said on any reasonable basis to satisfy the test, although it might be impossible to say whether a man, say, 5 ft. 10 ins. high satisfied the requirement. So in this case, in my judgment, there are acquaintances of a kind so close that, on any reasonable basis, anyone would treat them as being “friends.” Therefore, by allowing the disposition to take effect in their favour, one would certainly be giving effect to part of the testatrix's intention even though as to others it is impossible to say whether or not they satisfy the test.
>
> In by judgment, it is clear that Lord Upjohn in *In re Gulbenkian's Settlements* \[1970\] A.C. 508 was considering only cases where it was necessary to establish all the members of the class. He makes it clear, at p. 524, that the reason for the rule is that in a gift which requires one to establish all the members of the class (e.g. “a gift to my friends in equal shares”) you cannot hold the gift good in part, since the quantum of each friend's share depends on how many friends there are. So all persons intended to benefit by the donor must be ascertained if any effect is to be given to the gift. In my judgment, the adoption of Lord Upjohn's test by the House of Lords in the Baden case is based on the same reasoning, even though in that case the House of Lords held that it was only necessary to be able to survey the class of objects of a power of appointment and not to establish who all the members are.
>
> But such reasoning has no application to a case where there is a condition or description attached to one or more individual gifts; in such cases, uncertainty as to some other persons who may have been intended to take does not in any way affect the quantum of the gift to persons who undoubtedly possess the qualification. Hence, in my judgment, the different test laid down in *In re Allen*, decd. \[1953\] Ch. 810 .
>
> The recent decision of the Court of Appeal in *In re Tuck's Settlements Trusts* \[1978\] Ch. 49 establishes that the test in In re Allen is still the appropriate test in considering such gifts, notwithstanding the *Gulbenkian* and *Baden* decisions: see per Lord Russell of Killowen at p. 65.
>
> Accordingly, in my judgment, the proper result in this case depends on whether the disposition in clause 5 (a) is properly to be regarded as a series of individual gifts to persons answering the description “friend” (in which case it will be valid), or a gift which requires the whole class of friends to be established (in which case it will probably fail).
>
> The effect of clause 5 (a) is to confer on friends of the testatrix a series of options to purchase. Although it is obviously desirable as a practical matter that steps should be taken to inform those entitled to the options of their rights, it is common ground that there is no legal necessity to do so. Therefore, each person coming forward to exercise the option has to prove that he is a friend; it is not legally necessary, in my judgment, to discover who all the friends are. In order to decide whether an individual is entitled to purchase, all that is required is that the executors should be able to say of that individual whether he has proved that he is a friend. The word “friend,” therefore, is a description or qualification of the option holder.
>
> It was suggested that by allowing undoubted friends to take I would be altering the testatrix's intentions. It is said that she intended all her friends to have a chance to buy any given picture, and since some people she might have regarded as friends will not be able to apply, the number of competitors for that picture will be reduced. This may be so; but I cannot regard this factor as making it legally necessary to establish the whole class of friends. The testatrix's intention was that a friend should acquire a picture. My decision gives effect to that intention.
>
> I therefore hold that the disposition does not fail for uncertainty, but that anyone who can prove that by any reasonable test he or she must have been a friend of the testatrix is entitled to exercise the option. Without seeking to lay down any exhaustive definition of such test, it may be helpful if I indicate certain minimum requirements: (a) the relationship must have been a long-standing one. (b) The relationship must have been a social relationship as opposed to a business or professional relationship. (c) Although there may have been long periods when circumstances prevented the testatrix and the applicant from meeting, when circumstances did permit they must have met frequently. If in any case the executors entertain any real doubt whether an applicant qualifies, they can apply to the court to decide the issue.
>
> Finally on this aspect of the case I should notice two further cases to which I was referred. The first is *In re Gibbard's Will Trusts* \[1967\] 1 W.L.R. 42 in which Plowman J. upheld the validity of a power to appoint to “any of my old friends.” It is not necessary for me to decide whether that decision is still good law, in that it applied the In re Allen test to powers of appointment. But it does show that, if the *In re Allen* test is the correct test, the word “friends” is not too uncertain to be given effect. Secondly, in *In re Lloyd's Trust Instruments* (unreported), June 24, 1970, but extracts from which are to be found in *Brown v Gould* \[1972\] Ch. 53, 56–57, Megarry J. stated, at p. 57:
>
> > “If there is a trust for ‘my old friends,’ all concerned are faced with uncertainty as to the concept or idea enshrined in those words. It may not be difficult to resolve that ‘old’ means not ‘aged’ but ‘of long standing’; but then there is the question of how long is ‘long.’ Friendship, too, is a concept with almost infinite shades of meaning. Where the concept is uncertain, the gift is void. Where the concept is certain, then mere difficulty in tracing and discovering those who are entitled normally does not invalidate the gift.”
>
> The extract that I have read itself shows that Megarry J. was considering a trust for “my old friends” (which required the whole class to be ascertained) and not such a case as I have to deal with. In my judgment, that dictum was not intended to apply to such a case as I have before me.
>
> I turn now to the question who are to be treated as “members of my family.” It is not suggested that this class is too uncertain. The contest is between those who say that only the next of kin of the testatrix are entitled, and those who say that everyone related by blood to the testatrix are included.
>
> The testatrix was unmarried, therefore the word “family” cannot refer to her descendants. She had two brothers, Sir James and Sir Thomas Barlow, who survived to adulthood, a brother who died without issue during World War I, and a sister who died in infancy. She was survived by eight nephews and nieces, 24 great nephews and nieces, and 14 great-great nephews and nieces. A number of these were infants. Her will includes a gift to a great niece (so described) who would not be one of her next of kin. No doubt there are very many more remote relations.
>
> In the absence of issue, the prima facie meaning of “family” means “relations,” that is to say those related by blood. The context of the will may show that the testatrix had a special class in mind, but I can find no sufficient context in this will to find that the testatrix meant any narrower class to take. However, there is a rule of construction that limits gifts to relations to the statutory next of kin of the testator. The authorities clearly establish that the reason for this rule is that, unless such limitation is introduced, the gift would fail for uncertainty, it being impossible to establish all the persons who are related by blood, however remotely: see *Jarman on Wills*, 8th ed. (1951), p. 1621. That this is the reason for the rule is made abundantly clear by Jenkins L.J. in *In re Gansloser's Will Trusts* \[1952\] Ch. 30, 46–47, where he describes this need for limiting the class to next of kin as “justification for imputing a wholly conventional and artificial intention to the testator.”
>
> In the case of a gift to “my relations in equal shares,” such an artificial construction is necessary to save the gift from failing for uncertainty. But for the same reasons as I have sought to give in dealing with the word “friends,” in this particular case the option to the members of the family would not in any event fail for uncertainty even if it included all the testatrix's blood relations; anyone seeking to exercise the option would have to prove simply that he had a blood relationship.
>
> There being, therefore, no reason to give the words in this will an artificially limited meaning, I decline to do so. The fact that in the will the testatrix described a beneficiary as her great-niece strongly suggests that she regarded that beneficiary as a member of her family. Yet that great-niece is not one of her next of kin. Accordingly, the artificially limited construction would defeat the testatrix's intention. There being no need so to construe the clause in order to validate it, I hold that the word has its ordinary meaning and includes all persons related by blood to the testatrix.

*

## InfoBox

| Re Barlow’s Will Trusts | |
| --- | --- |
| Court | High Court |
| Citation | \[1979\] 1 WLR 278 |
| Case opinions | |
| Browne-Wilkinson J | |
| Keywords | |
| Certainty, express trusts | |


abstract: The Uganda Film Festival Award for Best Actress in a Television Drama is an award presented annually by Uganda Communications Commission (UCC) to a female actor (actress) for their outstanding acting in a television drama series in Uganda at the Uganda Film Festival Awards

text:
# Uganda Film Festival Award for Best Actress in a Television Drama

The **Uganda Film Festival Award for Best Actress in a Television Drama** is an award presented annually by Uganda Communications Commission (UCC) to a female actor (actress) for their outstanding acting in a television drama series in Uganda at the Uganda Film Festival Awards

## Winners and nominees

The table shows the winners and nominees for the Best Actress in a Television Drama award.

Table key
| indicates the winner |
| --- |

| Year | Actress | Television | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2016
(4th) | **Pamela Karyeko** | ***Coffee Shop*** |  |
| | Regina Amoding | | Coffee Shop |
| | Sarah Kisawuzi | | Deception |
| | | | Pretty Katende |
| 2017
(5th) | **Rehema Nanfuka** | ***Yat Madit*** |  |
| | Hellen Lukoma | | Mistakes Girls Do |
| | Regina Amoding | | Coffee Shop |
| 2018
(6th) | **Nantambi Juliet** | ***Mistakes Girls Do*** |  |
| | Dianah Nabatanzi | | Mistakes Girls Do |
| | The Villain Woman | | Taste of Time |
| | | | Fiona Birungi |
| | Teddy Adungo | | Live Your Dreams |
| 2019
(7th) | **Eleanor Nabwiso** | ***#Family*** |  |
| | Allen Musumba | | Half London |
| | Aisha Kyomuhangi | | The Honourables |
| | Juliet Nantambi | | Mistakes Girls Do |
| | Beatrice Mirembe | | Abigail |
| 2021
(8th) | **Nana Kagga** | **Prestige** |  |
| | Cleopatra Koheirwe | | Prestige |
| | Phiona Sebandeke | | What If |
| | | | Joan Agaba |
| | Tracy Kababiito | | Sanyu |
| | Hawart Nasaasi | | Mistakes Girls Do |
|

## Multiple wins and nominations

No actress has received multiple wins for this category.

| Nominations | Actress |
| --- | --- |
| 2 | Regina Amoding |
| | Juliet Nantambi |
|

Some televisions series have received multiple nominations in this category as seen below.

| Nominations | Television Series |
| --- | --- |
| 3 | Coffee Shop |
| | Mistakes Girls Do |
| 2 | Deception |
| | Taste of Time |
| |

## InfoBox

| Uganda Film Festival Award for Best Actress in a Television Drama | |
| --- | --- |
| Awarded for | Excellence in Cinematic Acting Achievement |
| Country | Uganda |
| Presented by | Uganda Communications Commission (UCC) |
| First awarded | 2016 |


abstract: Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife Refuge contains more than 50 offshore islands and four coastal parcels, totaling more than 8,100 acres. The complex spans more than 250 miles (400 km) of Maine coastline and includes five national wildlife refuges—Petit Manan, Cross Island, Franklin Island, Seal Island, and Pond Island. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service manages the refuge complex as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System. The Service's primary focus at Maine Coastal Islands Refuge is restoring and managing colonies of nesting seabirds. Refuge islands provide habitat for common, Arctic, and endangered roseate terns; Atlantic puffins; razorbills; black guillemots; Leach's storm-petrels; herring, greater black-backed, and laughing gulls; double-crested and great cormorants; and common eiders. Over the last 25 years, the Service has worked to reverse the decline in these birds' populations. As a result, many species have returned to islands where they nested historically. In addition to seabirds, wading birds and bald eagles nest on refuge islands. The mainland divisions provide habitat for songbirds, shorebirds, and waterfowl, as well as opportunities for bird watching and hiking.

text:
# Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife Refuge

**Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife Refuge** contains more than 50 offshore islands and four coastal parcels, totaling more than 8,100 acres. The complex spans more than 250 miles (400 km) of Maine coastline and includes five national wildlife refuges—Petit Manan, Cross Island, Franklin Island, Seal Island, and Pond Island. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service manages the refuge complex as part of the National Wildlife Refuge System.

The Service's primary focus at Maine Coastal Islands Refuge is restoring and managing colonies of nesting seabirds. Refuge islands provide habitat for common, Arctic, and endangered roseate terns; Atlantic puffins; razorbills; black guillemots; Leach's storm-petrels; herring, greater black-backed, and laughing gulls; double-crested and great cormorants; and common eiders. Over the last 25 years, the Service has worked to reverse the decline in these birds' populations. As a result, many species have returned to islands where they nested historically.

In addition to seabirds, wading birds and bald eagles nest on refuge islands. The mainland divisions provide habitat for songbirds, shorebirds, and waterfowl, as well as opportunities for bird watching and hiking.

## Wildlife and Habitat

Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife Refuge consists of four mainland divisions (4,277 acres) and 50 islands (3,895 acres). The refuge islands span over 250 miles (400 km) of the Maine coast and support a tremendous diversity of wildlife. The majority of the islands within the refuge are considered nationally significant nesting islands, and support endangered and threatened species, colonial nesting seabirds, wading birds, and waterfowl. Habitat characteristics vary considerably among the islands. While some islands provide dense stands of red spruce and balsam fir for nesting bald eagles and wading birds, other islands provide great expanses of mixed grasses and raspberries which support nesting terns, common eiders, and a number of neotropical migrants. The rocky ledges surrounding the islands provide nesting habitat for Atlantic puffins, razorbills, and black guillemots. The inter-tidal areas surrounding the islands and mainland properties provide an abundance of invertebrates for migratory and wintering waterfowl and shorebirds. The diversity of upland habitats and the extensive inter-tidal habitats combine to provide foraging, breeding, and migratory habitat for over 320 species of birds.

Eight of the islands within Maine Coastal Islands National Wildlife Refuge currently support seabird restoration projects. The primary focus of these projects is to re-establish breeding populations of common, Arctic, and roseate terns, Atlantic puffins, and razorbills on historic nesting islands. The combined efforts of the Refuge and our conservation partners have proven highly successful, and all five species have experienced significant population growth as a result of our efforts.

The four mainland units are located in the Towns of Corea, Gouldsboro, Steuben, and Milbridge, Maine, and also provide a diversity of habitat for a wide variety of species. The majority of habitat on all four parcels is dominated by mature forest, but the refuge also protects several salt marshes, a diverse mix of freshwater wetlands, and several grassland and blueberry fields. The freshwater wetlands on Petit Manan Point are used by thousands of migratory waterfowl during the fall months.

## Refuges

## Lighthouses

Several lighthouse islands have been transferred from the U.S. Coast Guard to the Maine Coastal Islands NWR, in recognition of the nesting seabird habitat they provide.

This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.


title: Percy Daggs III

abstract:
Percy Daggs III is an American actor best known for his role as Wallace Fennel in the Rob Thomas television series Veronica Mars. He is also known for starring in television commercials for Hot Pockets and Orbit Gum. He has had guest appearances on such shows as Boston Public, The Guardian, NYPD Blue and The Nightmare Room.
His younger sister was featured on MTV's Made as an aspiring surfer.

text:
# Percy Daggs III

**Percy Daggs III** (born July 20, 1982) is an American actor best known for his role as Wallace Fennel in the Rob Thomas television series *Veronica Mars*. He is also known for starring in television commercials for Hot Pockets and Orbit Gum. He has had guest appearances on such shows as *Boston Public*, *The Guardian*, *NYPD Blue* and *The Nightmare Room*. His younger sister was featured on MTV's *Made* as an aspiring surfer.

## Filmography

### Film

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2001 | *Blue Hill Avenue* | Young Money |  |
| 2008 | *American Son* | Shawn |  |
| 2011 | *Detention* | Jock Kid |  |
| 2012 | *In the Hive* | Rack Robinson |  |
| 2013 | *Murder101* | Carlyle |  |
| 2014 | *Veronica Mars* | Wallace Fennel |  |
| 2019 | *Christmas in Louisiana* | Luke Abshire |  |
| 2023 | *Infraction* | Terrance Lewis | Short film |

### Television

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1998 | *Any Day Now* |  | Episode: "Making Music with the Wrong Man" |
| 1998 | *To Have & to Hold* | Jimmy | Episode: "Hope You Had the Time of Your Wife" |
| 2000 | *Freaks and Geeks* | Mathlete #2 | Episode: "Looks and Books" |
| 2001 | *The Amanda Show* |  | Episode: "Penelope in Makeup" |
| 2002 | *The Nightmare Room* | History Teacher (voice) | Episode: "Dear Diary, I'm Dead" |
| 2002 | *Family Law* | Kordell | Episode: "Celano v. Foster" |
| 2002 | *NYPD Blue* | Kelvin Hodges | Episode: "Dead Meat in New Deli" |
| 2002 | *Boston Public* | Rob | Episode: "Chapter Forty-Seven" |
| 2003 | *Boston Public* | Rob | Episode: "Chapter Sixty-One" |
| 2003 | *The Guardian* | Antoine Sanders | Episode: "Ambition" |
| 2004–2007, 2019 | *Veronica Mars* | Wallace Fennel | Main role (51 episodes) |
| 2008 | *In Plain Sight* | Lawrence | Episode: "Iris Doesn't Live Here Anymore" |
| 2008 | *Raising the Bar* | Terrence Fletcher | Episode: "Guatemala Gulfstream" |
| 2011 | *Southland* | Wendell Watkins | Episode: "Code 4" |
| 2013 | *Safaricize* | Chief Tom Tom (voice) | TV movie, filming |
| 2015 | *iZombie* | Sean Taylor | Episode: "Patriot Brains" |
| 2019 | *Undone* | Cassie's Dad | Episode: "Handheld Blackjack" |
| 2019 | *Christmas in Louisiana* | Luke | Lifetime TV Movie |

### Web series

| Year | Title | Role |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2015 | *The New Adventures of Peter and Wendy* | Jas Hook |

## InfoBox

| Percy Daggs III | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | (1982-07-20) July 20, 1982<br>Long Beach, California, U.S. |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1998–present |


title: Winners Get Lost

abstract: Winners Get Lost is a 1951 novel by Al Perry, which was re-issued in 1964 by Arizona Silhouettes. It received positive reviews in the Democrat and Chronicle, The Tampa Tribune, The Gazette, the Fairbanks Daily News-Miner, and The Charlotte Observer. After the 1964 re-issue, it got several more positive reviews from the Arizona Daily Star and the Arizona Republic.

text:
# Winners Get Lost

***Winners Get Lost*** is a 1951 novel by Al Perry, which was re-issued in 1964 by Arizona Silhouettes. It received positive reviews in the *Democrat and Chronicle*, *The Tampa Tribune*, *The Gazette*, the *Fairbanks Daily News-Miner*, and *The Charlotte Observer*. After the 1964 re-issue, it got several more positive reviews from the *Arizona Daily Star* and the *Arizona Republic*.

## InfoBox

Winners Get Lost
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Al Perry |
| Publisher | Arizona Silhouettes |
| Publication date | 1951, 1964 |
| Pages | 239 |


title: Tropical Storm Percy (1993)

abstract: Tropical Storm Percy, known in the Philippines as Tropical Storm Miling, was an early-season tropical cyclone that passed through Japan during July 1993. An area of disturbed weather developed in the Philippine Sea on July 26. Gradual development ensued and on July 27, the disturbance was classified as a tropical depression. The following morning, the depression was upgraded into Tropical Storm Percy. Moving north-northwest, Percy slowly deepened and obtained its peak intensity of 115 km/h (70 mph) and a minimum barometric pressure of 975 mbar (28.79 inHg). Late on July 29, Percy passed over Kyushu and began to weaken. Percy was downgraded to a tropical depression on July 30 and dissipated completely two days later. Across Kagoshima Prefecture, ten people suffered injuries. A total of 5,000 households lost power in Kumamoto Prefecture, with an additional 33,200 individuals losing power in Nagasaki Prefecture. Across Aichi Prefecture, 31 houses were damaged. In all, damage was estimated at 3.93 billion yen, though there were no deaths.

text:
# Tropical Storm Percy (1993)

**Tropical Storm Percy**, known in the Philippines as **Tropical Storm Miling**, was an early-season tropical cyclone that passed through Japan during July 1993. An area of disturbed weather developed in the Philippine Sea on July 26. Gradual development ensued and on July 27, the disturbance was classified as a tropical depression. The following morning, the depression was upgraded into Tropical Storm Percy. Moving north-northwest, Percy slowly deepened and obtained its peak intensity of 115 km/h (70 mph) and a minimum barometric pressure of 975 mbar (28.79 inHg). Late on July 29, Percy passed over Kyushu and began to weaken. Percy was downgraded to a tropical depression on July 30 and dissipated completely two days later.

Across Kagoshima Prefecture, ten people suffered injuries. A total of 5,000 households lost power in Kumamoto Prefecture, with an additional 33,200 individuals losing power in Nagasaki Prefecture. Across Aichi Prefecture, 31 houses were damaged. In all, damage was estimated at 3.93 billion yen (US$35.4 million), though there were no deaths.

## Meteorological history

Tropical Storm Percy originated from an area of persistent convection over the Philippine Sea, which separated from a large area of deep convection associated with converging monsoonal flow into Tropical Storm Ofelia, that was first noted by the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) on July 26. Thirty hours later, an increase in thunderstorm activity prompted a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert while the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) classified the system as a tropical depression. Around this time, the Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) also monitored the storm and assigned it with the local name *Milling*. At 18:00 UTC on July 27, the JTWC followed suit and declared the system a tropical depression, following an increase in organization. Around this time, the depression was located around 310 mi (500 km) south-southeast of Okinawa. Based on ship reports, the JTWC and the JMA each upgraded the cyclone to Tropical Storm Percy on the morning of July 28.

Following two previous tropical cyclones to the northwest, Percy tracked generally north-northwest while slowly strengthening. On the evening of July 28, the JMA declared Percy a severe tropical storm. The development of a cloud-filled eye and satellite intensity estimates of T4.0/120 km/h (75 mph) prompted the JTWC to upgrade Percy into a typhoon midday on July 29, with winds of 120 km/h (75 mph), its peak intensity. Meanwhile, the JMA estimated that Percy attained its peak wind speed of 115 km/h (70 mph) and a minimum barometric pressure of 975 mbar (28.79 inHg). Accelerating towards Japan, Percy began to weaken. That evening, the storm made landfall over Kyushu before emerging into the Sea of Japan. On July 30, the JMA downgraded Percy to a tropical depression, and several hours later, the JTWC issued its final advisory on the system, as it had dissipated over the Sea of Japan. The JMA ceased tracking the system altogether on August 1.

## Impact

The cyclone, along with Tropical Storms Nathan and Percy before it, dropped heavy rainfall across southern portions of the Japanese archipelago across late July and early August 1993. A total of 1,282 mm (50.5 in) occurred at Ebino, the highest across the country during this series of tropical cyclones. A peak hourly rainfall total of 82 mm (3.2 in) was observed by Lake Miike. Meanwhile, a peak daily precipitation total of 637 mm (25.1 in) fell in Asahimaru. A wind gust of 98 km/h (61 mph) was recorded in Kinugasayama. Overall, damage was estimated at 3.93 billion yen (US$35.4 million), though no fatalities were reported.

Five landslides occurred and six roads were damaged in Tokushima Prefecture. Damage in the Kochi Prefecture was less than that from Tropical Storm Ofelia. Twenty-two buses in Ehime Prefecture were cancelled, which affecting 2,100 citizens. Heavy rains from Ofelia, Percy, and Nathan caused Nagasaki City to have their wettest July on record. In Nage City in Kagoshima prefecture, strong winds partially destroyed one house and injured an individual. Offshore, a 6,466 t (7,128 short tons) ferry was titled sideways, resulting in ten injured. Crop damage in Kumamoto Prefecture reached 487 million yen and around 5,000 customers were left without power. A 47-year-old women in Nagasaki Prefecture was injured by strong winds. Around 33,200 people lost power throughout the prefecture. In Oita Prefecture, damage was estimated at 40 million yen. Damage in Saga Prefecture totaled 800 million yen. Two people were injured in Fukuoka Prefecture, where heavy rains resulted in 2.26 billion yen of damage. Two homes were destroyed in Osaka Prefecture while at the Kansai International Airport, 26 flights were cancelled. In Yamaguchi Prefecture, damage was estimated at 346 million yen. Thirteen flights were called off at the Oki Airport. Fourteen train lines were delayed for 37 minutes. Across western portions of Aichi Prefecture, thirty-one homes were damaged and one was destroyed. Due to a combination of Ofelia and Percy, eight homes were damaged in Hokkaido Prefecture.

1. Joint Typhoon Warning Center; Naval Pacific Meteorology and Oceanography Center (1994). Annual Tropical Cyclone Report: 1993 (PDF) (Report). United States Navy, United States Air Force. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
2. Japan Meteorological Agency (October 10, 1992). RSMC Best Track Data – 1990–1999 (.TXT) (Report). Retrieved August 17, 2017.
3. "Annual Report on Activities of the RSMC Tokyo – Typhoon Center 2000" (PDF). Japan Meteorological Agency. February 2001. p. 3. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
4. Christopher W Landsea; Hurricane Research Division (April 26, 2004). "Subject: D4) What does "maximum sustained wind" mean? How does it relate to gusts in tropical cyclones?". *Frequently Asked Questions*. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
5. Old PAGASA Names: List of names for tropical cyclones occurring within the Philippine Area of Responsibility 1991–2000. *Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration* (Report). Typhoon 2000. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
6. Kenneth R. Knapp; Michael C. Kruk; David H. Levinson; Howard J. Diamond; Charles J. Neumann (2010). 1993 PERCY (1993207N19130). *The International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship (IBTrACS): Unifying tropical cyclone best track data* (Report). Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
7. Hong Kong Observatory (1994). "Part III – Tropical Cyclone Summaries". Meteorological Results: 1993 (PDF). *Meteorological Results* (Report). Hong Kong Observatory. p. 14. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
8. Typhoon 12W Best Track (TXT) (Report). Joint Typhoon Warning Center. December 17, 2002. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
9. Asanobu, Kitamoto. Typhoon 199306 (Percy). *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
10. Asanobu, Kitamoto. Typhoon 199305 (Ofelia). *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
11. Asanobu, Kitamoto. Typhoon 199304 (Nathan). *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved May 8, 2020.
12. Asanobu, Kitamoto. AMeDAS EBINO (87346) @ Typhoon 199306. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
13. Asanobu, Kitamoto. AMeDAS KIRISHIMAMIIKE (87386) @ Typhoon 199306. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
14. Asanobu, Kitamoto. AMeDAS ASAHIMARU (71151) @ Typhoon 199306. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
15. Asanobu, Kitamoto. AMeDAS KINUGASAYAMA (84516) @ Typhoon 199306. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved October 1, 2017.
16. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-819-11. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
17. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-815-11. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
18. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-813-07. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
19. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-807-09. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
20. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-895-07. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
21. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-893-06. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
22. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-887-17. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
23. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-830-10. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
24. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-827-10. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
25. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-817-19. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
26. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-772-10. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
27. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-762-05. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
28. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-741-09. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
29. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-638-08. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
30. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-636-04. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
31. Asanobu, Kitamoto. 1993-430-03. *Digital Typhoon* (Report). National Institute of Informatics. Retrieved June 22, 2020.

## InfoBox

Tropical Storm Percy
| Tropical Storm Percy near peak intensity on July 29 | |
| --- | --- |
| Meteorological history | |
| Formed | July 26, 1993 (July 26, 1993) |
| Dissipated | August 1, 1993 (August 1, 1993) |
| Severe tropical storm | |
| *10-minute sustained* (JMA) | |
| Highest winds | 110 km/h (70 mph) |
| Lowest pressure | 975 hPa (mbar); 28.79 inHg |
| Category 1-equivalent typhoon | |
| *1-minute sustained* (SSHWS/JTWC) | |
| Highest winds | 120 km/h (75 mph) |
| Overall effects | |
| Damage | $35.4 million (1993 USD) |
| Areas affected | Japan |
| ---  Part of the **1993 Pacific typhoon season** | |


title: Wichmann (surname)

abstract: Wichmann is a German surname.

text:
# Wichmann (surname)

**Wichmann** is a German surname.

## Geographical distribution

As of 2014, 78.7% of all known bearers of the surname *Wichmann* were residents of Germany (frequency 1:3,983), 8.0% of the United States (1:177,345), 3.6% of Denmark (1:6,135), 3.5% of South Africa (1:59,575) and 1.3% of Brazil (1:631,210).

In Germany, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:3,983) in the following states:

In Denmark, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:6,135) in the following regions:

## People


title: Raymond Haoda

abstract: Raymond Charles Haoda is a Papua New Guinean cricketer. Haoda is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Port Moresby. Having played age group cricket for Papua New Guinea Under-19s in the 2010 Under-19 World Cup, in which he emerged as the leading wicket taker with 15, he was selected in the Papua New Guinea squad for the 2011 World Cricket League Division Three, but did not play a match. His World Cricket League debut for Papua New Guinea came in the 2011 World Cricket League Division Two. It was in this tournament that he made his List A debut against Namibia. He played a further 2 List A matches in the competition, both against Hong Kong. In his 3 matches, he took 6 wickets at a bowling average of 17.66, with best figures of 3/40.

text:
# Raymond Haoda

**Raymond Charles Haoda** (born 15 December 1991) is a Papua New Guinean cricketer. Haoda is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast. He was born in Port Moresby.

Having played age group cricket for Papua New Guinea Under-19s in the 2010 Under-19 World Cup, in which he emerged as the leading wicket taker with 15, he was selected in the Papua New Guinea squad for the 2011 World Cricket League Division Three, but did not play a match. His World Cricket League debut for Papua New Guinea came in the 2011 World Cricket League Division Two. It was in this tournament that he made his List A debut against Namibia. He played a further 2 List A matches in the competition, both against Hong Kong. In his 3 matches, he took 6 wickets at a bowling average of 17.66, with best figures of 3/40.

## InfoBox

Raymond Haoda
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Raymond Charles Haoda |
| Born | (1991-12-15) 15 December 1991<br>Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm medium-fast |
| International information | |
| National side |  |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition List A  Matches 4  Runs scored 0  Batting average   100s/50s /  Top score 0  Balls bowled 156  Wickets 10  Bowling average 15.60  5 wickets in innings   10 wickets in match   Best bowling 4/50  Catches/stumpings 2/ | |
|  | |
| Source: Cricinfo, 13 January 2014 | |