title: Valencian International University

abstract: The Valencian International University (VIU) is a private university in Spain with an international remit. It was founded by the regional government of Valencia in 2008. 70% of it was later acquired by the Planeta publishing house. The university is officially recognized by the Spanish Ministry of Education. It is headquartered in Valencia, Spain. VIU is a distance synchronous learning institution. The teaching and learning is conducted exclusively online, with students receiving real-time classes through their computer or device via interactive video conferences which are streamed directly from campus. Nonetheless, lessons are recorded for off-time viewing by pupils. The teacher/pupil relationship is interactive, personalized and analogous to that of a physical campus. Some programs do require partial in-person attendance, such as the school experience component of teacher training programs.

text:
# Valencian International University

The **Valencian International University** (VIU) is a private university in Spain with an international remit. It was founded by the regional government of Valencia in 2008. 70% of it was later acquired by the Planeta publishing house. The university is officially recognized by the Spanish Ministry of Education. It is headquartered in Valencia, Spain.

VIU is a distance synchronous learning institution. The teaching and learning is conducted exclusively online, with students receiving real-time classes through their computer or device via interactive video conferences which are streamed directly from campus. Nonetheless, lessons are recorded for off-time viewing by pupils. The teacher/pupil relationship is interactive, personalized and analogous to that of a physical campus. Some programs do require partial in-person attendance, such as the school experience component of teacher training programs.

## Academics

The Valencian International University offers Undergraduate (Bachelors) and Postgraduate (Masters) programs as well as non-degree granting courses (including expert courses, inter-university certificate programs and the university's many short courses). The university, whose offer has been increasing since its foundation in 2008, has a strong focus on education and teacher training. As of 2015, students can sit their examinations in nine locations in Spain. Some of the programs are taught in English.

### Departments

VIU is organized into five departments:

* Department of Arts and Humanities
* Department of Engineering and Architecture
* Department of Health Sciences
* Department of Science
* Department of Social Sciences and Law

### Undergraduate

The following are VIU's undergraduate degree programs for the 2013-14 school year:

* Bachelor of Business Administration
* Bachelor of Early Childhood Education
* Bachelor of Early Childhood Education & Primary Education (double major)
* Bachelor of Economy
* Bachelor of Law
* Bachelor of Primary Education
* Bachelor of Psychology

### Postgraduate

The following are VIU's postgraduate degree programs for the 2013-14 school year:

* Master in Astronomy and Astrophysics
* Master in Biotechnology of Human Assisted Reproduction and Embryology
* Master in Digital Marketing and E-Commerce (with the Barcelona International Management Business School)
* Master in Law and Legal Practice
* Master in Psychological Prevention and Intervention in School Behaviour Problems
* Master in Secondary and Sixth Form Teaching, Vocational Training and Language Teaching (Includes official teaching certification. Subjects: Geography and History; Spanish Language and Literature; Modern Foreign Language: English; Education Guidance; Music; Careers Guidance; Drawing; Physical Education; Mathematics and Computer Science)
* Master in Sports Journalism
* Master in The Social Research of Science Communication
* Master in Third Generation Psychological Therapies

### Quality and assessment

All degrees and courses at VIU have met the quality standards stipulated by the National Agency for the Assessment of Quality (ANECA), as well as the recommendations and directives of the European Association for Quality Assurance in Higher Education (ENQA).

Assessment is compliant with the principles of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), adapted to a virtual environment. VIU's academic recognition system is based on ECTS credits (European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System). The credit system measures the effort a student has to make in order to acquire the competence demanded by each subject.

## Technology

VIU is a technology campus university. The university's sophisticated technology platform (including its servers) is located in Barcelona, Spain. IT services are provided by Colt. VIU utilizes (and helps develop) the open source Sakai VLE (Virtual Learning Environment) to support its teaching, learning, research and collaboration. It has adapted and enriched Sakai's virtual campus in the creation of key distance learning tools, which include the Communications Centre (where students receive all types of notices from their professors); video conferences using Blackboard Collaborate (which allow students to attend real time lessons directly transmitted from the campus) and cutting-edge E-learning multimedia documents which combine voice, image and text.

The multimedia virtual campus includes a public and a private environment. The public area includes the university's Web Portal, while the private space includes four learning communities. These are spaces where teachers and students can collaborate on research or teaching endeavors. The private portal, called VIU space, is used by professors and students and includes the communications centre, calendar, personal details, virtual secretary, virtual communities and digital libraries. Instant messaging is done through Jabber.

In 2012, VIU was one of the recipients of the Sakai Foundation's 'Teaching with Sakai Innovation Award,' for 'ICT in Education'. The award rewards an innovative educational experience that 'by design, engages and challenges students.' VIU was the first Spanish university to receive such award, which includes winners from the world's premier educational institutions.

## InfoBox

Valencian International University (VIU)
| Seal of the Valencian International University | |
| --- | --- |
| Motto | *Avium Celerrima Intellegentia Est* |
| Motto in English | Your on-line audiovisual university |
| Type | Private |
| Established | 2008 |
| Chancellor | Javier Viciano |
| Location | Valencia, Valencian Community, Spain |
| Campus | Online, non campus |
| Nickname | VIU |
| Website | www.universidadviu.com/es/ |
|  | |


title: Lincoln Branch Library

abstract: The Lincoln Branch Library is a former Carnegie library building in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Duluth, Minnesota, United States. It was constructed from 1915 to 1917 as the first permanent home of a Duluth Public Library branch first established in 1892. The Lincoln Branch Library was built of brick and limestone in the Late Gothic Revival style. It was the last of the three Carnegie libraries built in Duluth. Library services moved to a new facility in 1990. Two years later the Duluth Art Institute (DAI) purchased the vacated library building. The DAI uses the venue to host studio space, classes, and events. In 2013 the Lincoln Branch Library building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its local significance in the theme of social history. It was nominated for reflecting the evolving emphasis of the Carnegie Foundation and Duluth Public Library on branch libraries and on providing services in working-class neighborhoods.

text:
# Lincoln Branch Library

The **Lincoln Branch Library** is a former Carnegie library building in the Lincoln Park neighborhood of Duluth, Minnesota, United States. It was constructed from 1915 to 1917 as the first permanent home of a Duluth Public Library branch first established in 1892. The Lincoln Branch Library was built of brick and limestone in the Late Gothic Revival style. It was the last of the three Carnegie libraries built in Duluth.

Library services moved to a new facility in 1990. Two years later the Duluth Art Institute (DAI) purchased the vacated library building. The DAI uses the venue to host studio space, classes, and events.

In 2013 the Lincoln Branch Library building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places for its local significance in the theme of social history. It was nominated for reflecting the evolving emphasis of the Carnegie Foundation and Duluth Public Library on branch libraries and on providing services in working-class neighborhoods.

## Description

The Lincoln Branch Library is a rectangular, single-story building in Late Gothic Revival style. The original structure measures 69 by 51 feet (21 by 16 m), with a 32-by-36-foot (9.8 by 11.0 m) addition. The exterior facade is brown and dark red brickwork, arranged in Flemish bond, contrasted with limestone trim.

The southeast face of the building is symmetrical and features the library's main entrance. Leading to the entrance is a concrete stairway with a brick and limestone railing on each side. The entrance consists of a pair of wooden, glass-paned doors framed by limestone. The line of the eaves is interrupted by a pediment carved with an acanthus leaf design. In the middle of the pediment a shield motif bears the initials "DPL", standing for Duluth Public Library. Immediately above the doorway is carved "Lincoln Branch Library". The entrance is flanked by original, square lanterns. The ground level features two series of five 10/15 double-hung windows. The first level has two bands of seven windows flanking the entrance just below the eave. The ground and first floor are separated by a beveled limestone belt course, above which are symmetrically arranged carved stone shields. The stairway was rebuilt in 1996 using the original limestone.

The southwest façade features a large gable end with a three-tiered Gothic window framed in limestone. The window is flanked by two stone shields, and above it is a limestone band near the gable's peak in the shape of an "ɪ". The ground level 10/15 windows continue, along with the belt course separating the first and ground levels. There is a ground-level entrance to the west under a flat roof portion, consisting of a pair of wooden doors with arched glass panels. The entrance is topped by a pediment inscribed with "Club Room". A set of steps leads to the entrance, flanked by brick and limestone railings. The entrance sits on a two-story, pentagonal bay with windows wrapping around it on the first level. At the window head is another limestone course which wraps around the building's west side.

Along the northwest face is where the garage addition was built, obstructing the original façade. According to original blueprints, the addition forced the removal of windows and possibly an entrance. At ground level, four window openings appear to have been bricked over. There are two rows of three windows on the first level on the exposed area of the northwest gable end. Near the peak of the gable are three narrow, vertical windows.

The northeast face is similar to the southwest; the gable has the same window, stone shields, and I-shaped band. The belt course continues around the facade, and six 10/15 windows are arrayed at ground level. At the building's north corner is a rectangular brick chimney, capped by stone with a quoin at each corner. The corner also features five windows with a limestone course at the window head.

The building has undergone a number of renovations over its life, but most were performed to comply with building codes and did not significantly impact the library's historic integrity.

The property is minimally landscaped. A large conifer stands at the southern corner of the building, and there is a deciduous tree east of the main entrance. There is garden space next to the building along the southeast and southwest facades. The building is surrounded by a cultivated lawn.

## History

In 1891, a committee of neighborhood citizens met with the Duluth Library Board to establish a library in Duluth's West End (known as Lincoln Park since 1996). The **West End Branch Library**, as it was initially called, opened in 1892 in a room of the Irwin–Sloan Block. It operated until the Panic of 1893 and funding cuts forced its closure. It reopened in 1895, but again faced closure in 1896. A Duluth resident made a gift to the library which helped for a time, but the library again closed around the end of 1900. The library opened again in January 1908 and, over the next several years, shifted among a number of locations but remained in operation.

An appropriation of $4,300 (equivalent to $129,509 in 2023) was made in April 1915 to purchase two lots in the West End, which were acquired in May. A request for $30,000 (equivalent to $903,553 in 2023) for a permanent library was made of and subsequently granted by Andrew Carnegie. Abraham Holstead and William J. Sullivan were chosen as the architects and Joseph Hanson served as contractor. Designs and blueprints for the library were completed by April 1916. The library was named for its proximity to Lincoln Park, located in the West End. Construction lasted through 1917. The library held its grand opening on August 30, 1917, with 500 people in attendance for a gala ceremony. The library publicly opened on September 1. The Lincoln Branch Library was the third and last Carnegie library built in Duluth, following the 1902 Duluth Public Library and the West Duluth Branch Library.

In 1966, a garage was built on the library's northeast face to house two bookmobiles. The building operated as a library until October 1990, when a new library assumed service for western Duluth. The building was bought by the Duluth Art Institute in November 1992. According to the institute, it was purchased to acquire more space and to "reach under-served communities." In 1997, the garage addition was renovated, including the replacement of the garage doors with windows.

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Lincoln Branch Library | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| Lincoln Branch Library viewed from the southeast | |
|  | |
| Location | 2229 W. 2nd Street, Duluth, Minnesota |
| Coordinates | 46°46′0.3″N 92°7′44.5″W / 46.766750°N 92.129028°W / 46.766750; -92.129028 |
| Area | Less than one acre |
| Built | 1915–17 |
| Built by | Joseph Hanson |
| Architect | Abraham Holstead & William J. Sullivan |
| Architectural style | Late Gothic Revival |
| NRHP reference No. | 12001175 |
| Added to NRHP | January 14, 2013 |


title: Trechus manzhangicus

abstract: Trechus manzhangicus is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Deuve in 2004.

text:
# Trechus manzhangicus

***Trechus manzhangicus*** is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Deuve in 2004.

## InfoBox

| *Trechus manzhangicus* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Carabidae |
| Genus: | *Trechus* |
| Species: | ***T. manzhangicus*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Trechus manzhangicus***<br>Deuve, 2004 | |
|


title: Western Counties Regional Library

abstract: Western Counties Regional Library is a regional public library with 10 branches serving the counties of Digby, Shelburne and Yarmouth in southwestern Nova Scotia. Established in June 1969, the library has its headquarters at 405 Main Street in the Town of Yarmouth, the largest population centre of the three counties.

text:
# Western Counties Regional Library

**Western Counties Regional Library** is a regional public library with 10 branches serving the counties of Digby, Shelburne and Yarmouth in southwestern Nova Scotia. Established in June 1969, the library has its headquarters at 405 Main Street in the Town of Yarmouth, the largest population centre of the three counties.

## History

Western Counties Regional Library began with five staff in 1969 and has grown to 60 full- and part-time employees. Over the years, services were added such as bookmobiles (which were replaced by Library Express), visits to hospitals, seniors residences and schools and Library Express.

## Branches

All of the library branches offer free computer and wireless Internet access. Three of the branches offer bilingual services (Clare, Pubnico and Yarmouth). The following are the 10 branches making up Western Counties Regional Library with the dates that they joined the regional library and related branch information:

**Barrington Passage**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library: January 1970
• Branch opened: November 30, 1981
• Branch relocated: August 2, 2006

**Clare**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library: April 20, 1970
• Branch opened: July 8, 1981

**Clark's Harbour**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library: July 1971
• Branch opened: March 4, 1974
• Branch relocated: December 11, 2007

**Digby**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library: June 1969
• Branch opened: January 15, 1970
• Branch relocated: 1979
• Branch relocated: January 31, 1997

**Lockeport**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library: June 5, 1969
• Branch opened: April 13, 1973
• Branch relocated: September 1, 1981
• Branch expansion: August 22, 1987

**Pubnico**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library: January 1970
• Branch opened: November 23, 1978

**Shelburne**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library: June 5, 1969
• Branch opened: February 15, 1970
• Branch relocated: July 21, 1989

**Westport**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library; Bookmobile service began: April 20, 1970
• Branch opened: June 30, 1983

**Weymouth**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library: April 20, 1970
• Branch opened: May 10, 1982
• Branch relocated: July 29, 2010

**Yarmouth**

• Joined Western Counties Regional Library: June 6, 1969
• Branch opened: October 29, 1969
• Branch expansion: June 22, 1991

## InfoBox

| Western Counties Regional Library | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| Type | Regional Library |
| Established | 1969 |
| Branches | 10 |
| Collection | |
| Items collected | Books, journals, newspapers, sound recordings, databases, maps, drawings |
| Other information | |
| Employees | 60 |
| Website | Western Counties Regional Library website |


title: Magdalen Herbert

abstract: Magdalen Herbert born Magdalen Newport; Magdalen, Lady Danvers was an English estate manager and patron. She was a patron to John Donne and the mother of poet George Herbert. She is seen as the head of an early English literary family.

text:
# Magdalen Herbert

**Magdalen Herbert** born **Magdalen Newport**; **Magdalen, Lady Danvers** (1561 – buried 1 July 1627) was an English estate manager and patron. She was a patron to John Donne and the mother of poet George Herbert. She is seen as the head of an early English literary family.

## Life

She was born in 1561, she was the daughter of Sir Richard Newport of High Ercall, Shropshire. Her maternal grandfather Sir Thomas Bromley was the executor of Henry VIII.

She married Richard Herbert, Lord of Cherbury at her family home in Eyton on Severn near Wroxeter, Shropshire, in 1581. He was the eldest son of Edward Herbert who was a member of a collateral branch of the family of the Earls of Pembroke.

Their eldest son, Edward Herbert, 1st Baron Herbert of Cherbury was born on 3 March 1583 at Eyton on Severn. Subsequent children were Elizabeth, Margaret, Richard, William, Charles, the poet George Herbert (born 3 April 1593), Henry (born 1594), Frances, and Thomas (born posthumously 1597). By 1593 they had moved to Black Hall, a large, low house in a valley overlooked by Montgomery Castle. Magdalen is seen as the head of an early English literary family.

Her husband died in 1596 and for the next thirteen years she was the estate manager.

She had a tomb erected in Montgomery church, where her husband was buried, in 1600. The tomb has effigies of Richard and herself and it includes maquettes of eight of their children. Her husband's heraldic symbols and his armour are included but his wife's heraldry and her dress are also on prominent display. The tomb also includes a cadaver to show that death happens and a painting of a naked woman and the figure of Time are also included in the design.

After her husband's death she had a close (possibly passionate) relationship with the poet John Donne which lasted up to her death. Donne wrote a poem, "Ascension: To the Lady Magdalen Herbert", addressed to her.

In about March 1609 she remarried to the much younger Sir John Danvers (c.1585-1655) of Dauntsey, Wiltshire, and Chelsea, London. They had no children in their marriage.

She managed her own death. Her funeral took place at Chelsea Old Church on 1 July 1627 and John Donne, by then ordained and Dean of St Paul's Cathedral, made the funeral oration.

Danvers, a politician who later became known as one of the signatories of the death warrant of King Charles I, survived Magdalen and, after remarrying and having a family, died in 1655.

## InfoBox

| Magdalen Herbert | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | 1561 (1561)<br>England |
| Died | 1 July 1627 (aged 6566) (burial) |
| Children | 10 |


title: Rafał Dobrucki

abstract: Rafał Dobrucki is a Polish former speedway rider. He earned four international caps for the Poland speedway team.

text:
# Rafał Dobrucki

**Rafał Dobrucki** \['rafaw dɔˈbrut͡ski\]  (born 27 December 1976 Poland) is a Polish former speedway rider. He earned four international caps for the Poland speedway team.

## Career

On 25 July 1999 he won the Continental Final, which formed part of the 2000 Speedway Grand Prix Qualification. He went on to qualify as a permanent rider for the 2000 Speedway Grand Prix. In 2003, he won the Polish pairs title.

He rode in the British leagues after joining the Oxford Silver Machine in 2004.

## Speedway Grand Prix results

1997 Speedway Grand Prix Final Championship standings
(Riding No 16)
| Race no. | Grand Prix | Pos. | Pts. | Heats | Draw No |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 5 /6 | Polish SGP | 16 | 1 | (0,0,1,1,1) +0D | 6 |

1999 Speedway Grand Prix Final Championship standings
(Riding No 24)
| Race no. | Grand Prix | Pos. | Pts. | Heats | Draw No |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 /6 | Polish SGP | 10 | 8 | (3,0,3) (1,3,1) | 24 |

2000 Speedway Grand Prix Final Championship standings
(Riding No 22)
| Race no. | Grand Prix | Pos. | Pts. | Heats | Draw No |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 /6 | Czech Rep. SGP | 18 | 4 | (1,3,1) | 22 |
| 2 /6 | Swedish SGP | 20 | 3 | (1,2,0) | 18 |
| 3 /6 | Polish SGP | 20 | 3 | (1,3,0) | 19 |
| 4 /6 | British SGP | injury → (25) John Jørgensen | | | 19 |
| 5 /6 | Danish SGP | 24 | 1 | (0,0) | 22 |
| 6 /6 | European SGP | 15 | 5 | (2,2,) (1,0) | 22 |

2004 Speedway Grand Prix Final Championship standings
(Riding No 27)
| Race no. | Grand Prix | Pos. | Pts. | Heats | Draw No |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 /9 | Czech Rep. SGP | 16 | 5 | (1,3,3) (0,E) | 15 |

|  | permanent speedway rider |
| --- | --- |
|  | wild card, track reserve or qualified reserve |
|  | rider not classified (track reserve who did not start) |

## Career

### Individual World Championship

* 1997 \- 23rd place (1 points)
* 1999 \- 25th place (8 points)
* 2000 \- 21st place (16 points)
* 2004 \- 29th place (5 points)

### Individual U-21 World Championship

* 1995 \- 11th place (6 points)
* 1996 \- 6th place (10 points)
* 1997 \- 2ns place (11 points +3)

### Team World Championship

* 1995 \- 6th place (0 points)
* *1996 \- 2 points in Group A*
* *1999 \- 6 points in Semi-Final B*
* *2000 \- 4 points in Semi-Final A*

### European Club Champions' Cup

* 2000 \- **European Champion** (13 points)
* 2009 \-  Toruń \- **European Champion** (8 pts) Rivne

### Individual Polish Championship

### Individual U-21 Polish Championship

### Golden Helmet

* 1998 - 2nd place
* 1999 - 3rd place
* 2007 - 2nd place

### Silver Helmet (U-21)

* 1995 - **Winner**
* 1996 - 3rd place
* 1997 - **Winner**

### Bronze Helmet (U-19)

* 1993 - 3rd place
* 1994 - 2nd place
* 1995 - **Winner**

## InfoBox

Rafał Dobrucki
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1977-12-27) 27 December 1977<br>Leszno, Poland |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Career history | |
| **Poland** | |
| 1993-2002 | Piła |
| 2003-2006 | Leszno |
| 2007 | Rzeszów |
| 2008 | Zielona Góra |
| 2008 | Lejonen |
| **Great Britain** | |
| 2004 | Oxford |
| **Sweden** | |
| 2007 | Kaparna |
| **Denmark** | |
| 2009–2010 | Brovst |
|  | |
| Individual honours | |
| 1999 | Continental Champion |
| 1995 | U-21 Polish Champion |
|  | |
| Team honours | |
| 2000, 2009 | European Clubs Champion |
|  | |


title: USA-256

abstract: USA-256, also known as GPS IIF-7, GPS SVN-68 and NAVSTAR 71, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the seventh of twelve Block IIF satellites to be launched.

text:
# USA-256

**USA-256**, also known as **GPS IIF-7**, **GPS SVN-68** and **NAVSTAR 71**, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the seventh of twelve Block IIF satellites to be launched.

## Launch

Built by Boeing and launched by United Launch Alliance, USA-256 was launched at 03:23 UTC on 2 August 2014, atop an Atlas V 401 carrier rocket, vehicle number AV-048. The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 41 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-256 directly into medium Earth orbit.

## Orbit

As of 3 August 2014, USA-256 was in an orbit with a perigee of 20,341 kilometers (12,639 mi), an apogee of 20,469 kilometers (12,719 mi), a period of 727.05 minutes, and 55.02 degrees of inclination to the equator. It is used to broadcast the PRN 09 signal, and operates in slot 6 of plane F of the GPS constellation. The satellite has a design life of 12 years and a mass of 1,630 kilograms (3,590 lb). It is currently in service following commissioning on September 17, 2014.

## InfoBox

USA-256
| A Block IIF GPS satellite | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Mission type | Navigation |
| Operator | US Air Force |
| COSPAR ID | 2014-045A |
| SATCAT no. | 40105 |
| Mission duration | 12 years (planned) |
|  | |
|  | |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | GPS SVN-68 (IIF-7) |
| Spacecraft type | GPS Block IIF |
| Manufacturer | Boeing |
| Launch mass | 1,630 kilograms (3,590 lb) |
|  | |
|  | |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 2 August 2014, 03:23 (2014-08-02UTC03:23Z) UTC |
| Rocket | Atlas V 401, AV-048 |
| Launch site | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |
| Contractor | ULA |
|  | |
|  | |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Medium Earth<br>(Semi-synchronous) |
| Perigee altitude | 20,341 km (12,639 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 20,469 km (12,719 mi) |
| Inclination | 55.02 degrees |
| Period | 727.05 minutes |
| Epoch | 2 August 2014 |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Foy, Herefordshire

abstract: Foy is a hamlet and civil parish in Herefordshire, England. By road, it is 7 kilometres north of Ross-on-Wye, 23 kilometres south east of Hereford and 27 kilometres south west of Ledbury. Foy, and the further Foy parish hamlet of Ingestone, lies in a loop of the River Wye with the nearest vehicle bridges at Ross and Hoarwithy.

text:
# Foy, Herefordshire

**Foy** is a hamlet and civil parish in Herefordshire, England. By road, it is 7 kilometres (4 miles) north of Ross-on-Wye, 23 kilometres (14 miles) south east of Hereford and 27 kilometres (17 miles) south west of Ledbury. Foy, and the further Foy parish hamlet of Ingestone, lies in a loop of the River Wye with the nearest vehicle bridges at Ross and Hoarwithy.

## History

Early archeological finds. In 1791 a hoard of what was then described as "Bronze age celts" was found on rising ground between Hole-in-the-Wall and Old Gore. The word "celts" is obsolete now but probably refers in this instance to axes made of bronze, thereby establishing occupation of Foy in the Bronze Age.

In Anglo-Saxon times, Foy was part of Mercia and records from 866 AD mention the establishment of a monastery at Foy (Lann Timoi).

## Saint Mary's church

The present church is dedicated to Saint Mary. The south porch dates from the early 14th-century and the tower is in the Decorated style.

## The parish

The civil parish of Foy includes Hole-in-the-Wall, and Old Gore and had a population in mid-2010 of 158.

### Hole-in-the-Wall

Hole-in-the-Wall on the east bank of the River Wye is accessible by a footbridge, built in 1919 by David Rowell & Co. It featured in the British television series *Survivors*, in an episode titled "Gone Away" (1975).

## Long-distance footpaths

The Herefordshire Trail and Wye Valley Walk long-distance footpaths pass through Hole-in-the-Wall.

## Notable people

* Peter Mandelson was introduced to the House of Lords as *Baron Mandelson of Foy in the county of Herefordshire and Hartlepool in the county of Durham*. He owned a cottage in the village in the mid 1980s.

* Lt. Col. Trevor L. Sharpe, Director of Music in the British Army, is buried in the churchyard. He was a judge on the BBC series *The Best of Brass* and conducted the theme music for the closing credits of *Dad's Army*.

## Sources

* Ancient Dean and the Wye Valley by Bryan Walters

## InfoBox

| Foy | |
| --- | --- |
| St Mary's church, Foy | |
| FoyLocation within Herefordshire | |
| Population | 158 |
| Unitary authority |  |
| Ceremonial county |  |
| Region |  |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Ross-on-Wye |
| Postcode district | HR9 |
| Dialling code | 01989 |
|  | |
| Police | West Mercia |
| Fire | Hereford and Worcester |
| Ambulance | West Midlands |
|  | |
| UK Parliament |  |
|


title: William Franklyn (British Army officer)

abstract: Lieutenant General Sir William Edmund Franklyn, was a senior British Army officer who served as Military Secretary from 1911 to 1914.

text:
# William Franklyn (British Army officer)

Lieutenant General **Sir William Edmund Franklyn**, KCB (14 May 1856 – 27 October 1914) was a senior British Army officer who served as Military Secretary from 1911 to 1914.

## Early life and education

Franklyn was born in Ventnor, Isle of Wight, the eldest surviving son of Rev. Thomas Edmund Franklyn and Selina Elizabeth Hope. He was educated at Rugby School.

## Military career

Franklyn was commissioned into the 19th Regiment of Foot in 1874, which in 1881 became the Yorkshire Regiment, and later still became the Green Howards, and was appointed Deputy Assistant Adjutant General at Aldershot in 1888. He was made Commanding Officer of the 2nd Battalion, Yorkshire Regiment and served on the North West Frontier in India in 1897. He was made Assistant Adjutant General for Scottish District in 1898 and Assistant Military Secretary at Army Headquarters in 1899.

Franklyn was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 1902 Coronation Honours published on 26 June 1902, and received the decoration from King Edward VII at Buckingham Palace on 24 October 1902.

Franklyn became commander of 10th Infantry Brigade with the temporary rank of brigadier general on 15 October 1902. The brigade was based at Shorncliffe Army Camp, serving with the 5th Division within the II Army Corps. He was appointed Director of Personal Services at the War Office in 1904, General Officer Commanding 4th Division in 1906, General Officer Commanding 3rd Division in 1907, and Military Secretary in 1911. In 1914 he was appointed Governor of Malta, despite his lack of war experience, but never took up the appointment. He died later that year, shortly after the outbreak of the First World War.

Franklyn was given the colonelcy of the Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own (Yorkshire Regiment) in 1906, a position he held until his death in 1914.

## Personal life

In 1881, Franklyn married Helen Williams, daughter of Edwin Williams, with whom he had two sons and a daughter. He was the father of General Sir Harold Franklyn (1885–1963) and Brigadier Geoffrey Franklyn (1889–1967). His daughter, Dorothy Hope Franklyn (1883–1929), married George Edward Mervyn Thorneycroft and was the mother of politician Lord Thorneycroft.

## InfoBox

| Lieutenant-General
Sir William Franklyn | |
| --- | --- |
| Painting of Franklyn by Herbert James Draper c. 1912 | |
| Born | (1856-05-14)14 May 1856
Ventnor, Isle of Wight, England |
| Died | 27 October 1914(1914-10-27) (aged 58)
Luton Hoo, Hertford, England |
| Buried | Paddington old Cemetery |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | British Army |
| Years of service | 1874–1914 |
| Rank | Lieutenant General |
| Unit | Green Howards |
| Commands | 3rd Division
4th Division
10th Brigade
2nd Battalion, Yorkshire Regiment |
| Battles/wars | North West Frontier
First World War |
| Awards | Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath |
| Relations | Sir Harold Franklyn (son)
Lord Thorneycroft (grandson) |


title: Vaccarecce lighthouse

abstract: The Vaccarecce lighthouse or ancient Giglio lighthouse is a lighthouse in the Tyrrhenian Sea designed in 1830 and completed sometime in the 1850s. The lighthouse is no longer operational. The structure is situated on a hill to the north of the village of Giglio Castello in the Italian municipal area Isola del Giglio on the island of Giglio. It is a maritime lighthouse but was originally used to light the island. The masonry lighthouse complex includes an octagonal tower atop of a rectangular building. The tower has three floors and includes a wraparound balcony and a terrace at the top.

text:
# Vaccarecce lighthouse

The **Vaccarecce lighthouse** or **ancient Giglio lighthouse** is a lighthouse in the Tyrrhenian Sea designed in 1830 and completed sometime in the 1850s. The lighthouse is no longer operational. The structure is situated on a hill to the north of the village of Giglio Castello in the Italian municipal area Isola del Giglio on the island of Giglio. It is a maritime lighthouse but was originally used to light the island.

The masonry lighthouse complex includes an octagonal tower atop of a rectangular building. The tower has three floors and includes a wraparound balcony and a terrace at the top (former base of the now-lost lantern).

## History

The lighthouse was finished 1850. Attempts were mad to have the structure light the entire island but this proved impossible given its focal plane was too high. In 1883 a new Fenaio lighthouse was built by the Regia Marina, the Italian Navy.

In June 2015, after 10 years of disuse, the lighthouse was purchased by Roger Vivier's creative director, Gherardo Felloni. The compound is now residential and includes galleries, historical private lodging, and several estate gardens and surrounded by grape vines and pine woods. Since 2020, more than 2,000 trees and plants have been added to the space.

1. Nelli 2018, p. 77, Micro-eolico nel faro delle Vaccarecce al Giglio.
2. "Isola del Giglio". *Blog Maremma.it*. 2023-01-24. Retrieved 2024-02-14.
3. "History". 2022-02-04. Retrieved 2024-02-14.
4. Pithers, Ellie (2021-03-24). "A Glamorous High-Heeled Shoe, Crafted From Newsprint". *The New York Times*. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-02-14.
5. Smallwood, Nicole (2020-05-05). "My Style: Gherardo Felloni". *Country and Town House*. Retrieved 2024-02-15.
6. michelefossi (2022-02-21). "A lighthouse with a view. Interview with designer Gherardo Felloni". *Michele Fossi*. Retrieved 2024-02-15.
7. Hirschmiller, Stephanie (2020-07-08). "Roger Vivier's Creative Director Gherardo Felloni on Spending Lockdown in a Lighthouse + His Post-Pandemic Strategy". *Footwear News*. Retrieved 2024-02-15.
8. "Fleurs de Villes Journal - The Gardens Inspiring Roger Vivier". *www.fleursdevilles.com*. Retrieved 2024-02-15.

## Sources

* Nelli, Lucia Ceccherini (2018). *Soluzioni innovative di risparmio energetico per edifici Nearly Zero energy. Esperienze di progettazione ambientale. Ediz. illustrata* (in Italian). Firenze: Didapress. ISBN 978-88-3338-012-4.


title: Lincoln Brewster

abstract: Lincoln Brewster is an American contemporary Christian musician and worship pastor. As a guitarist, singer, and songwriter, Brewster became a sought-after session guitarist in the early 1990s. Brewster is the former senior worship pastor at Bayside Church in Granite Bay, California.

text:
# Lincoln Brewster

**Lincoln Brewster** (born July 30, 1971) is an American contemporary Christian musician and worship pastor. As a guitarist, singer, and songwriter, Brewster became a sought-after session guitarist in the early 1990s. Brewster is the former senior worship pastor at Bayside Church in Granite Bay, California.

## Biography

Brewster has been musically inclined since his early childhood in Homer, Alaska. At the age of one, his mother, Cheryl, noticed how well he could keep rhythm on a drum set his grandfather had given him. At the age of five, his mother introduced him to the mandolin. Quickly mastering the instrument, he began playing for cruise ship tourists alongside his mother in Homer. Brewster's step brothers include John and Andy Hillstrand from the Discovery channel TV show *Deadliest Catch*.

By the age of 12, Brewster had a band called *Lincoln and the Missing Links*, which included his mother on bass and vocals. In his late teens, he moved with his family to Modesto, California, where he attended Grace M. Davis High School and joined the high school jazz band (playing guitar and drums) and marching band (playing snare drum).

Due to connections gained in Los Angeles, he had recording contract offers by 19. Feeling an emptiness in his life, Brewster attended church services with his girlfriend, Laura. He recalls feeling God drawing him close after attending a drama ministry performance with Laura. "I was afraid to lay down a lot of things in my life," Brewster said. "One night, I laid all my cards on the table. I asked the Lord to come into my life, all by myself. It was the best night of sleep I'd ever had. I was very peaceful. I think that was what enabled me to blow off that record deal."

After receiving a call from Steve Perry inviting him to audition as lead guitarist for his solo project *For the Love of Strange Medicine*, Brewster accepted and began songwriting and rehearsals for the album. Brewster's guitar technique, tone, and equipment choices possessed similar qualities and texturing to Journey's Neal Schon, and was touted as a favorable feature in the resulting album. He was then married to Laura and soon after toured with Perry for six months from 1994 to early 1995.

At the end of the tour, Brewster moved back to Modesto, California to be with his wife where they attended Calvary Temple Church. After working as a sound technician for the church for a while, the senior pastor offered Brewster the position of associate music director and youth worship leader.

In 1997, the Brewsters moved to Nashville to serve as youth pastors and eventually as full-time music ministers at The Oasis Church. There, Brewster met with executives from Integrity Incorporated who were working on a new *Hosanna! Music* album. After seeing his guitar-playing ability, one executive listened to a demo project Brewster had produced. Already impressed with the production work and artistry, the executive also learned that Brewster had played every instrument and performed all the vocals himself. In 2001, Brewster moved back to California to become the worship pastor at Bayside Church in Granite Bay.

Brewster was signed to Integrity's Vertical Music label with whom he has released five full-length albums.

While working on his self-titled album (with producer Paul Mills), Brewster worked with label-mate Darrell Evans, contributing vocals, guitar, and co-writing on Evans' *Freedom* project. He also spent some time touring with Michael W. Smith during Smith's 1998 *Live the Life* tour. Brewster's second album, *Live to Worship* (produced by Jeff Quimby and co-produced by Brewster), was released in 2000. According to his biography on his official website, "Lincoln now combines his talents and determination to record songs that will minister to a new generation of believers."

Brewster's album, *Today Is the Day*, was released on September 23, 2008. The album's first released single, was the title track "Today Is the Day".

On September 22, 2009, Brewster released a deluxe edition of *Today Is the Day* consisting of a CD with the same songs as *Today Is the Day* as well as a DVD containing two music videos, a few song stories, and a part of his instructional video.

Brewster released his latest project, *Real Life*, on September 28, 2010. The record features upbeat, contemporary worship tracks such as "Best Days" and the optimistic "Reaching For You". It also includes contemplative radio-ready songs such as the title track "Real Life", and the rhythmic "Whom Shall I Fear".

In 2012, Brewster released his first Christmas album, *Joy to the World*. A deluxe edition was released on November 5, 2013, with seven new tracks and an additional DVD. In 2014 Brewster released *Oxygen*, his ninth studio album after signing with Integrity Music after 15 years. He called the album a "new sound", which explained the album's high sense of modern pop music with of course a lot of guitar riffs and solos.

In 2015, Lincoln Brewster released his first rendition of "The Star-Spangled Banner" as a surprise on the USA's Independence Day holiday. He was a part of the Winter Jam Tour 2015 West Coast.

His most recent releases include *God of the Impossible* in 2018, *A Mostly Acoustic Christmas* in 2019, and *Perfect Love* in 2021.

## Equipment

Brewster primarily uses two different 1957 specification reissue Fender Stratocasters with DiMarzio pickups, one with Aztec Gold finish the other on a pearl Olympic white finish both on with an Ash bodies, both with maple fingerboards and necks. They have vintage looking tuners that are actually locking and a special active mid-boost circuit so that the single coil pickups can be made to sounds more like PAF humbuckers. Fender released his Artist signature model Stratocaster in August 2019.

Brewster achieves his live tone solely from a Line 6 POD HD500 unit. He occasionally uses a provided amp for stage noise only and goes direct to the PA system with the floor POD.

Brewster also uses a Kemper profiling amplifier live and in his home studio. He recently stated in a live Facebook video that he recorded "No One Like Our God (One Take)" on the Line 6 Helix Native program directly from his guitar.

## Discography

### Studio albums

List of studio albums, with selected chart positions
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
 | US
Christ
 | US
Heat
 | US
Indie
 | US
Holiday
 | UK
C&G |
| *Lincoln Brewster* |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| *Live to Worship* | * Released: May 17, 2000 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| *Amazed* | * Released: July 16, 2002 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download |  | 25 | 26 |  |  |  |
| *Today Is the Day* | * Released: September 23, 2008 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download | 56 | 2 |  |  |  |  |
| *Real Life* | * Released: September 28, 2010 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download | 61 | 3 |  |  |  |  |
| *Joy to the World* | * Released: October 9, 2012 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download | 132 | 6 |  |  | 5 |  |
| *Oxygen: A Worship Album* | * Released: August 19, 2014 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download | 51 | 2 |  |  |  | 20
 |
| *God of the Impossible* | * Released: May 4, 2018 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download | 111 | 2 |  | 6 |  |  |
| *A Mostly Acoustic Christmas* | * Released: November 8, 2019 * Label: Integrity |  |  |  | 34 |  |  |
| *Perfect Love* | * Released: April 30, 2021 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| "—" denotes album that did not chart or was not released | | | | | | | |

### Live albums

List of live albums, with selected chart positions and certifications
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
Christ
 | US
Heat
 |
| *All to You... Live* | * Released: August 30, 2005 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download | 28 | 40 |

### Compilation albums

List of compilation albums, with selected chart positions
| Title | Album details | Peak chart positions | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
Christ
 | US
Heat
 |
| *Let the Praises Ring: The Best of Lincoln Brewster* | * Released: November 7, 2006 (US) * Label: Integrity * Formats: CD, digital download | 42 | 32 |

### Singles

List of singles, with selected chart positions
| Title | Year | Peak chart positions | | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | US
Christ.
 | US
Christ.
Airplay
 | |
| "All to You" | 2005 | 14 | | *All to You... Live* |
| "Caught in the Moment" | 2006 |  | | *Live to Worship* |
| | "Everlasting God" | 2 | | *Let the Praises Ring* |
| | "Love the Lord" | | 7 | |
| "Today Is the Day" | 2008 | 14 | | *Today Is the Day* |
| "God You Reign" | 2009 | 14 | | |
| | "Glory to God" | 38 | | *Worship and Adore: A Christmas Offering* |
| "Salvation Is Here" | 2010 | 13 | | *Today Is the Day* |
| | "The Power of Your Name" | 20 | | |
| | "Reaching for You" | 18 | | *Real Life* |
| "Little Drummer Boy"
(featuring KJ-52) | 2012 | 31 | | *Joy to the World* |
| "Made New" | 2014 | 12 | 7 | *Oxygen* |
| "Star Spangled Banner" | 2015 |  |  | non-album single |
| | "There Is Power" | 9 | 5 | *Oxygen* |
| "Let It Be Known" | 2016 | | 50 | 28 |
| | "Oxygen" | | 26 | 22 |
| "No One Like Our God" | 2017 | 22 | 14 | *God of the Impossible* |
| "Here I Am" | 2018 |  | |  |
| | "Everything" | 48 | | 27 |
| | "While I Wait" | 31 | | 28 |
| "Who Am I" | 2020 |  |  | *Perfect Love* |

### Compilations

| Album title | Release date | Songs |
| --- | --- | --- |
| *B.C./A.D.: Who Split Time?* | 1999 | "What Kind of Man" |
| *Youthlink: Beyond Sight* | 1999 | "Shout to the Lord" |
| *Only God for Me* | 1999 | "More Faithful Than I" |
| *Rock of Refuge: Acoustic Worship* | 2000 | "Everybody Praise the Lord" |
| *Millennium Worship 2* | 2001 | "Psalm 91" |
| *World's Best: Days of Elijah* | 2001 | "The Power of Your Love" |
| *Open the Eyes of My Heart, Volume 1* | 2001 | "The Power of Your Love"
"You Alone"
"Lord, I Lift Your Name on High" |
| *Creation Worships* | 2002 | "The Power of Your Love"
"Take Me Higher"
"Lead Me" |
| *Open the Eyes of My Heart, Volume 2* | 2002 | "Take Me Higher"
"Psalm 91"
"God of Wonders" (guitar with Paul Baloche and Lamont Hiebert) |
| *Songs 4 Worship: Modern* | 2002 | "Shout to the Lord"
"Lord, I Lift Your Name on High"
"Take Me Higher"
"Breathe" (with Jami Smith) |
| *Absolute Worship* | 2004 | "The Power of Your Love" |
| *Vertical Momentum* |  | "Let the Praises Ring" |
| *You've Got Music* |  | "Everybody Praise the Lord" |
| *Everything Counts* |  | "More Like You" |
| *Offering of Worship* |  | "You Are the One" |
| *Brilliant Music of Today: Hear & Now* | 2005 | Majestic |
| *Worship Project H2.14* | 2005 | "Majestic"
"All the Earth Will Sing Your Praises"
"Glory" |
| *Cover the Earth* | 2005 | "Love the Lord" |
| *Arise: A Celebration of Worship* | 2006 | "Let the Praises Ring"
"All to You"
"Another Hallelujah"
"Everybody Praise the Lord" |
| *iWorship Platinum* | 2006 | "Shout to the Lord" |
| *iWorship 24:7* | 2007 | "Salvation is Here"
"Everlasting God"
"Love the Lord" |
| *iWorship Connect* | 2009 | "Today Is the Day"
"Everlasting God" |
| *Worship and Adore: A Christmas Offering* | 2009 | "Glory to God"
"Offering" |

### Collaborations

| Title | Artist | Release date | Role(s) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| *For the Love of Strange Medicine* | Steve Perry | 1994 | lead guitar, background vocals, assisted in songwriting |
| *Freedom* | Darrell Evans | 1998 | lead guitar, all other electric guitar, mandolin, collaborated in some songwriting |
| *Twenty Three* | Cindy Cruse-Ratcliff | 2011 | background vocals, lead guitar on one track |

## Resources

## InfoBox

| Lincoln Brewster | |
| --- | --- |
| Lincoln Brewster performing in June 2014 | |
| Background information | |
| Born | (1971-07-30) July 30, 1971
Fairbanks, Alaska |
| Genres | Worship, CCM |
| Occupations | * Musician * songwriter * worship leader * pastor |
| Instrument(s) | Guitar, vocals |
| Years active | 1994–present |
| Labels | Integrity |
|  | |
| Members | * Lincoln Brewster * Peter Burton * Chris Fox * Roman Vysochin * Josh Falcon |
|  | |
| Past members | * Norm Stockton * Serge Lysak * Steve Padilla * CJ Hatlevig * Reid McNulty * Mike Johns |
|  | |
| Website | www.lincolnbrewster.com |


title: Trechus markakolensis

abstract: Trechus markakolensis is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Belousov & Kabak in 1999.

text:
# Trechus markakolensis

***Trechus markakolensis*** is a species of ground beetle in the subfamily Trechinae. It was described by Belousov & Kabak in 1999.

## InfoBox

| *Trechus markakolensis* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Coleoptera |
| Family: | Carabidae |
| Genus: | *Trechus* |
| Species: | ***T. markakolensis*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Trechus markakolensis***<br>Belousov & Kabak, 1999 | |
|


title: Western Courage (1927 film)

abstract: Western Courage is a 1927 American silent Western film directed by Ben Wilson, starring Richard Hatton, Elsa Benham, and Robert Walker.

text:
# Western Courage (1927 film)

***Western Courage*** is a 1927 American silent Western film directed by Ben Wilson, starring Richard Hatton, Elsa Benham, and Robert Walker.

## Cast

## InfoBox

| Western Courage | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Ben Wilson |
| Written by | Leslie Curtis |
| Produced by | Ben Wilson |
| Starring | Richard Hatton
Elsa Benham
Robert Walker |
| Cinematography | Eddie Linden |
| Production
company | Ben Wilson Productions |
| Distributed by | Rayart Pictures |
| Release date | * April 1927 (1927-04) (*US*) |
| Running time | 5 reels |
| Country | United States |
| Languages | Silent
English intertitles |


title: Raj Bhavan, Thiruvananthapuram

abstract: Raj Bhavan is the official residence of the governor of Kerala. It is located in the capital city of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Built in 1829 as Palace Guest house of Travancore Government Guest, this heritage structure hosts the present governor of Kerala, Arif Muhammad Khan.

text:
# Raj Bhavan, Thiruvananthapuram

**Raj Bhavan** (translation: *King's House*) is the official residence of the governor of Kerala. It is located in the capital city of Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala. Built in 1829 as Palace Guest house of Travancore Government Guest, this heritage structure hosts the present governor of Kerala, Arif Muhammad Khan.

## History

The Kerala Raj Bhavan was originally constructed by Royal Government of Travancore as a guest palace to accommodate state guests and heads of states while on their official visits to Thiruvananthapuram. For a brief period from 1914 to 1918, the palace was used as War Office of Travancore Army and state armed forces during World War I. During this period, the palace was also the official residence of General Chief of Staff of Travancore Army. For a brief period from 1919 to 1937, the palace was again converted as a guest palace after commissioning of Kowdiar Palace, the royal residence of Travancore Maharajas. From 1937 onwards, the building became guest house of University of Travancore used by various foreign faculties and guest professors.

When Kerala was formed in 1957, there were three Raj Bhavan, the Bolgatty Palace of Ernakulam, Devikulam Palace of Munnar (Summer Palace of Travancore Maharajas) and Thiruvananthapuram Raj Bhavan. However, the Government of Kerala later decided to do away with former two Raj Bhavans by converting Bolgatty Palace into a heritage hotel and Devikulam Palace as Government Guest House.

## Complex and building

Built in the Kerala traditional style, the main building of the Raj Bhavan has certain architectural features such as high ceiled, spacious rooms with large windows and doors, with a tinge of Victorian finish. Constructed atop a breezy hillock, it is surrounded by sprawling meadows, velvety lawns, green houses with many species of Anthurium, Orchid, etc. There is also an enchanting fountain at the centre of the main lawn facing the office room of the Governor.

There are 3 major structures, with the main building being the oldest and heritage complex. The **main structure** is of 22,000 sqft built up space has 3 large halls, a state banquet hall, conference hall, Governor's office, Governor's Secretariat, department offices, conference room and a large library. The **East Wing** houses Governor's private residence with 18 suites and rooms for personal staff, apart from private dining room and Kitchen. The **West Wing** houses residences of chief officers, guest rooms and a mini-museum. The **Chitra Thirunal Hall**, located in West wing, is used for all state ceremonies. A ball room exists in west wing where the New Year celebrations and Onam, Pongal, etc. celebrations are conducted in Raj Bhavan.

### Raj Bhavan Library

Kerala Raj Bhavan has one of the largest private collections of books among other Raj Bhavans of India. The Raj Bhavan has a good library of about six thousand books on a variety of interesting topics. The Public Relations Section is in charge of the Library. The books have been indexed and neatly displayed on shelves.

### Exteriors

With an area of 3.24 hectares, Raj Bhavan Gardens is the centre of attraction to the visitors. The trimmed grass gives the lawn a look of a green carpet spread out, and the artificial water fall, and the three green houses add to the charm of the gardens. Dendrobium, Aranda, Catlia, Arachnis, Moecara, Vanda and Dove orchid grace it. A good collection of Rose and Bigonia are also there. The beautiful statues brought in from Mayiladi, near Sucheendram, Tamil Nadu and placed at appropriate points contribute to the charm of the Kerala Raj Bhavan Gardens. There are also two impressive Band Stands built in regal style, besides a Children's Park, Tennis Court and a Shuttle Court on the premise. The lawn hosts the annual *At Home* ceremonies during Independence and Republic days.

### Other structures

Also situated in the campus are the 71 Quarters for the Officers and Staff of Kerala Raj Bhavan (the quarters of ADC are situated in the Raj Bhavan - Kowdiar road), Raj Bhavan Dispensary, Office of the Electrical Wing and the Raj Bhavan Employees Co-operative Society. There is a post office exclusively for Raj Bhavan named "The Kerala Governor’s Camp Post Office", where there are facilities for sending speed post, telegrams etc. A security office with 40 security officials and 20 special branch officials are posted.

## InfoBox

| Raj Bhavan, Kerala | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Traditional Kerala |
| Location | Thiruvananthapuram, India |
| Coordinates | 8°30′56″N 76°57′48″E / 8.5156°N 76.9632°E / 8.5156; 76.9632 |
| Current tenants | Arif Mohammad Khan |
| Client | Governor of Kerala |
| Technical details | |
| Floor area | 22,000 sq ft (2,000 m2) |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Travancore Royal Maramath |


title: Magdalen Ground

abstract: The Magdalen Ground was a cricket ground in Oxford, England. The ground was owned by the University of Oxford and used by Magdalen College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Originally forming the northern point of Cowley Marsh, the ground was initially associated with the Magdalen College School, whose students played cricket there. By 1829, the Oxford University Cricket Club had been given a part of the marsh where the College School played cricket. In 1851, it was purchased at auction by the University of Oxford and leased to the University Cricket Club. The ground operated as a first-class cricket venue from 1829 to 1880, hosting 69 first-class matches. The University Cricket Club left the ground following the 1880 season to play at the University Parks from 1881.

text:
# Magdalen Ground

The **Magdalen Ground** (also known as the **Old Magdalen Ground**) was a cricket ground in Oxford, England. The ground was owned by the University of Oxford and used by Magdalen College, a constituent college of the University of Oxford. Originally forming the northern point of Cowley Marsh, the ground was initially associated with the Magdalen College School, whose students played cricket there. By 1829, the Oxford University Cricket Club had been given a part of the marsh where the College School played cricket. In 1851, it was purchased at auction by the University of Oxford and leased to the University Cricket Club. The ground operated as a first-class cricket venue from 1829 to 1880, hosting 69 first-class matches. The University Cricket Club left the ground following the 1880 season to play at the University Parks from 1881.

## History

### Background

Cricket had been played by students at the University of Oxford since at least 1764, by members of the Bullingdon Club on their Bullingdon Green ground. However, the hosting of cricket matches became less favourable at Bullingdon Green, given its relative remoteness from Oxford and its reputation for unsupervised social gatherings, to which playing cricket was secondary. The distance and a serious need to focus on cricket necessitated the requirement for a cricket ground closer to Oxford. The land on which the Magdalen Ground is situated was formerly part of Cowley Marsh. Cricket was first played there when the Reverend H. Jenkins of the Magdalen College School took his students there to play cricket. By 1829, he had handed over part of the ground to the Oxford University Cricket Club, and the Magdalen Ground was established; the College School still continued to play at the ground alongside the University Club for a number of years after; hence, it is from this that the ground gets its name, and not Magdalen College.

### First-class venue

First-class cricket was first played at the ground in the second playing of The University Match between Oxford University played Cambridge University in 1829, which Oxford won by 115 runs. The Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) first played at the ground in 1832, with a side that featured Jem Broadbridge, William Lillywhite, and Ned Wenman. This match marked the beginning of the MCC's long association with the Magdalen Ground, typically playing a "grand match" there against Oxford annually until 1880. Neither the College School nor the University Cricket Club formerly owned the land, which by 1850 remained a part of Cowley Marsh. Under an Enclosure Act, the land which made up Cowley Marsh was put up for auction by the Parish of Cowley. It was purchased under the Vice-Chancellorship of Frederick Charles Plumptre for the University of Oxford, with an Act of Convocation dated 30 May 1851 authorising the purchase for the special purpose of enabling members of the university to play cricket. The following month, an agreement was signed between Plumptre and William Ridding, steward of the University Cricket Club, to let the ground to the cricket club, enabling them to become permanent lessees of an enclosed cricket ground; this began a trend for other colleges to become lessees of their own enclosed grounds within Oxford.

The most famous first-class match held on the ground came in 1877 when Oxford played the MCC. Played before a large crowd and fair, but cold, weather, Oxford won the toss and elected to bat. They were dismissed for 12 runs in 43.2 four ball overs in their first innings, which remains the second lowest first-class score of all time; Fred Morley, who would go on to play Test cricket for England, took figures of 7 for 6 in the Oxford first innings and figures of 6 for 8 in their second innings. His return of 13 for 14 remains the most outstanding match analysis of all time.

By the 1870s, it was an opinion amongst Oxford cricketers that the cricket facilities at the University of Cambridge, with their ground at Fenner's, were better than those that Oxford possessed at the Magdalen Ground; the pavilion at the Magdalen Ground dated from its foundation and did not afford the comforts and conveniences expected of a modern cricket facility of the time. Ranjitsinhji described the turf at the ground as "magnificent", but that it required fine weather to remain so; with the Oxford cricket season being played mostly in the spring, the ground was often wet and flooding could occur; the 1843 University Match had to be moved to Bullingdon Green due to this problem. Chief amongst complaints from students was that they found the location of the ground was inconveniently situated from the main buildings of the university. Therefore, with the encouragement of the Vice-Chancellor The Reverend Evan Evans, a petition was started by Thomas Case (then treasurer of the University Cricket Club) for the cricket club to move to a new ground in the north of Oxford at the University Parks. This was realised in 1881, when the cricket club left the Magdalen Ground for the University Parks. Up until that point, the ground had played host to 69 first-class matches. One further first-class match, in 1912 against the South Africans, was played at the Magdalen Ground.

### Later use

After the departure of the University Cricket Club, minor matches continued to be played by Magdalen Cricket Club and Cowley St. John Cricket Club. In the 1890s, the ground was a venue for inter–college football matches. During the First World War, there were talks to turn the ground over to agricultural use to help negate the growing food shortages caused by the German policy of unrestricted submarine warfare. To this end, negotiations with the local allotment association began at the beginning of 1917, with the ground being acquired by the Oxford Land Cultivation Committee in February 1917. The tenancy of the Oxford Land Cultivation Committee expired in March 1923, with the ground subsequently being built over by residential housing later in the 1920s.

## Records

### First-class

51°44′37″N 1°13′46″W / 51.7435°N 1.2295°W / 51.7435; -1.2295

## InfoBox

Magdalen Ground
| Ground information | |
| --- | --- |
| Location | Oxford, Oxfordshire |
| Coordinates | 51°44′37″N 1°13′46″W / 51.7435°N 1.2295°W / 51.7435; -1.2295 |
| Establishment | 1829 |
| Owner | University of Oxford |
| Team information | |
| Oxford University (1829–1912) | |
| As of 14 March 2013<br>Source: Ground profile | |


title: USA-265

abstract: USA-265, also known as GPS IIF-11, GPS SVN-73 and NAVSTAR 75, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the eleventh of twelve Block IIF satellites to be launched.

text:
# USA-265

**USA-265**, also known as **GPS IIF-11**, **GPS SVN-73** and **NAVSTAR 75**, is an American navigation satellite which forms part of the Global Positioning System. It was the eleventh of twelve Block IIF satellites to be launched.

## Launch

Built by Boeing and launched by United Launch Alliance, USA-265 was launched at 16:13 UTC on 31 October 2015, atop an Atlas V 401 carrier rocket, vehicle number AV-060. The launch took place from Space Launch Complex 41 at the Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, and placed USA-265 directly into semi-synchronous orbit.

## Orbit

As of 5 December 2015, USA-265 was in an orbit with a perigee of 20,444 kilometers (12,703 mi), an apogee of 20,491 kilometers (12,733 mi), a period of 729.58 minutes, and 54.99 degrees of inclination to the equator. It is used to broadcast the PRN 10 signal, and operates in slot 6 of plane E of the GPS constellation. The satellite has a design life of 15 years and a mass of 1,630 kilograms (3,590 lb). It is currently in service following commissioning on December 9, 2015.

## InfoBox

USA-265
| A Block IIF GPS satellite | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Mission type | Navigation |
| Operator | US Air Force |
| COSPAR ID | 2015-062A |
| SATCAT no. | 41019 |
| Mission duration | 12 years (planned) |
|  | |
|  | |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | GPS SVN-73 (IIF-11) |
| Spacecraft type | GPS Block IIF |
| Manufacturer | Boeing |
| Launch mass | 1,630 kilograms (3,590 lb) |
|  | |
|  | |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 31 October 2015, 16:13 (2015-10-31UTC16:13Z) UTC |
| Rocket | Atlas V 401, AV-060 |
| Launch site | Cape Canaveral SLC-41 |
| Contractor | ULA |
|  | |
|  | |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric |
| Regime | Medium Earth<br>(Semi-synchronous) |
| Perigee altitude | 20,444 km (12,703 mi) |
| Apogee altitude | 20,491 km (12,733 mi) |
| Inclination | 54.99 degrees |
| Period | 729.58 minutes |
| Epoch | 5 December 2015, 17:24:23 UTC |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Foy & Gibson

abstract: Foy & Gibson, also known as Foy's and later Cox-Foys, was one of Australia's largest and earliest department store chains. A large range of goods were manufactured and sold by the company including clothing, manchester, leather goods, soft furnishings, furniture, hardware and food.

text:
# Foy & Gibson

**Foy & Gibson**, also known as **Foy's** and later **Cox-Foys**, was one of Australia's largest and earliest department store chains. A large range of goods were manufactured and sold by the company including clothing, manchester, leather goods, soft furnishings, furniture, hardware and food.

## History

The first store was established as a drapery in Smith Street, Collingwood, Victoria by Mark Foy. This business prospered, occupying three shops by 1875 and six by 1880. Ownership was transferred to his son Francis Foy in partnership with William Gibson in March 1883, but very soon after Francis Foy sold his half share to Gibson and moved to Sydney with his brother Mark, establishing Mark Foy's there in 1885.

When the business expanded in the late 1880s, Gibson was joined by William Dougal and by his nephews Samuel Gibson and John Maclellan. He opened a hardware department and then rearranged the store in 1889, reputedly modelled on the Parisian Bon Marché, creating what is said to be the first department store in Melbourne. Gibson kept his store going despite the 1893 bank crashes through hard work and 'dogged determination', and began to establish his own manufacturing works. By the early 20th century Gibson's workshops produced men's clothing, shirts, ladies' underclothing, millinery, furniture, bedding and hardware, and 'Gibsonia' woollens and hosiery. The complex and the stores became one of the largest employers in Victoria, and dominated the Wellington and Smith streets area with huge red brick multi-level buildings, all designed by architect William Pitt.

Gibson established a branch of the business in Perth in 1895, and subsequently opened a store in Brisbane in 1903 and another in Rundle Street, Adelaide (now Rundle Mall) in 1907, on the site of the York Hotel, becoming the first department store with many interstate branches. A second Melbourne store called the Big Store, opened in Chapel Street, Prahran, in 1902, and in 1935 the Melbourne city store on the corner of Bourke and Swanston streets was rebuilt.

In 1955 the company was bought out by Cox Brothers. In 1964 Foy & Gibson (WA) Ltd, including ten stores in Western Australia, was sold to David Jones. The Bourke Street, Melbourne store was sold to Woolworths in 1967. The Bourke Street store still stands but had been modernised, with three-storeys added at some point.

A building owned by Charles Atkins Hornabrook on the corner of Rundle and Pulteney Streets was demolished by Foy & Gibson in 1909 to make way for the **Grand Central Hotel**, a hotel of six storeys built in the style of their emporium next door. However, despite some high-profile guests (the Prince of Wales in 1920, Arthur Conan Doyle in 1922), it never prospered, and around 1925 was incorporated into the emporium. It later became showrooms and offices for the Electricity Trust, then in 1975–1976 was demolished to make way for a multi-level car park. Since demolition in 1976 and as of 2023 the Rundle Street site is occupied by the multi-storey car park and a Hungry Jack's fast food restaurant.

The site of the Adelaide store in what is now Rundle Mall now hosts multiple tenancies. Cox brothers went into receivership in 1968 ending the name of Foys in Melbourne. Letter books, financial records and catalogues are held by the University of Melbourne Archives.

## Origins

By 1868 Mark Foy had established a drapery store in the Victorian gold mining town of Bendigo finding this town too small to develop and expand his business he hired several wagons and moved his business to Melbourne. He chose a place in Collingwood and set up his business in a building at the rear of the property. In 1931 the little house in Collingwood in which Foy started his business was still part of the entrance to Foy & Gibson Emporium.

## InfoBox

Foy & Gibson Pty Ltd
|
|  |
| Company type | Department store |
| Industry | Retail |
| Founded | 1883 (1883)<br>Collingwood, Victoria, Australia |
| Founder |  |
| Defunct | 1960s-1970s |
| Headquarters | Melbourne, Victoria, Australia |
| Products | Clothing, manchester, leather goods, soft furnishings, furniture, hardware, food |


title: Mark Phillips (journalist)

abstract: Mark Phillips is a Canadian television journalist, and currently, the Senior Foreign Correspondent, based in London, working for CBS News.

text:
# Mark Phillips (journalist)

**Mark Phillips** is a Canadian television journalist, and currently, the Senior Foreign Correspondent, based in London (for more than 2 decades), working for CBS News.

## Early years and education

Phillips was born in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, in 1948. He graduated from McGill University in 1970 with a degree in social sciences and humanities. In the early 1970s, Phillips also attended Graduate School of Public Communications at Boston University.

## CBC News

Phillips began his television journalism career, in the mid-1970s, by joining CBC News beginning as the parliamentary correspondent in Ottawa. In the late 1970s, Phillips moved up to the position of reporter, based in the network's London bureau.

## CBS News

After leaving CBC News in 1982, Phillips moved to the United States, and joined CBS News as a reporter for the network's London bureau and covered events throughout Europe, the Middle East and Africa. That same year, Phillips became the 1st non-British correspondent to report from the Falkland Islands during the British military's conflict in Argentina.

From 1984 to 1986, Phillips was promoted to correspondent and assigned to the CBS News bureau in Moscow, where he covered 3 Soviet leaders: Yuri Andropov, Konstainin Chernenko and Mikhail Gorbachev—as well as the Reagan-Gorbachev summit in Moscow and the resumption of the U.S.-Soviet arms talk.

From 1986 to 1988, Phillips was assigned to the CBS News bureau in Rome, where he covered the Vatican and Pope John Paul II, the Iran-Iraq war and the war in Afghanistan, among many other stories.

From 1988 to 1993, Phillips became correspondent based in the CBS News bureau in Washington, where he covered American politics, the investigation into the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland, the United Airlines crash in Sioux City, the Eastern Airlines strike, and then reported from the State Department during the Persian Gulf War in 1991.

In 1993, Phillips did return to the CBS News bureau in London, where he covered many major stories which continues today, including the war in the Balkans, the death of Princess Diana, and the weapons inspection conflicts in Iraq.

His work has been recognized over time through multiple EMMY awards, along with others, including the 2014 Edward R. Murrow Award from the Radio-Television News Directors Association as well as a citation from the Society of Environmental Journalists for his work on climate change.

## Personal life

Phillips currently lives in London, England, with his wife and four children.


title: Lincolnshire potato railways

abstract: The Lincolnshire potato railways were a network of private, 1 ft 11+1⁄2 in (597 mm) narrow gauge farm railways which existed in the English county of Lincolnshire in the mid-20th century, for the purposes of transporting the annual potato crop between the fields and the nearest standard-gauge main line railhead.

text:
# Lincolnshire potato railways

The **Lincolnshire potato railways** were a network of private, 1 ft 11+12 in (597 mm) narrow gauge farm railways which existed in the English county of Lincolnshire in the mid-20th century, for the purposes of transporting the annual potato crop between the fields and the nearest standard-gauge main line railhead.

## Major systems

There were two major systems of potato railways: one located near the village of Nocton (the "*Nocton Estate Light Railway*" south of Lincoln), centred on Nocton and Dunston railway station; the other to the north of Holbeach in the south of the county, serving Fleet and Sutton Bridge stations. There were other, smaller systems elsewhere in Lincolnshire, for example at Deeping St Nicholas.

## Closure

All of the potato railways were closed by 1969; their duties taken over by farm lorries. Some of the rolling stock and track from the Nocton system have been preserved at the Lincolnshire Coast Light Railway near Skegness.

53°09′13″N 0°25′09″W / 53.153500°N 0.419271°W / 53.153500; -0.419271


title: Machine (disambiguation)

abstract: A machine is a device that uses energy to perform some activity or task. Machine, Machines, Machinery, The Machine, or The Machines may also refer to:

text:
# Machine (disambiguation)

A **machine** is a device that uses energy to perform some activity or task.

**Machine**, **Machines**, **Machinery**, **The Machine**, or **The Machines** may also refer to:

## Term of art

More specific applications of the general term

* Machine (mechanical) device designed to apply forces and control movement
* Machine (patent), one of the four statutory categories of patent-eligible subject matter under United States patent law

## Computing

## Personal nickname

The following are nicknamed "The Machine":

## Music

### Albums

### Songs

## Sports

## Fiction

## Other uses


title: Rajendra Prakash

abstract: Rajendra Prakash, K.C.I.E., 48th direct male lineal descendant from the original founder of the Dynasty, served as the Maharaja of Sirmur State from 1933 until 1964.

text:
# Rajendra Prakash

**Rajendra Prakash**, K.C.I.E., 48th direct male lineal descendant from the original founder of the Dynasty, served as the Maharaja of Sirmur State from 1933 until 1964.

## Biography

He was born on 11 January 1913 to Amar Prakash and his wife Mandalasa Kumari. He succeeded to the Gaddi on the death of his father in 1933. He died in 1964.

## Personal life

### Marriages

In 1936, he married his first wife, Durga Devi, the daughter of the Raja Sahib of Nagod. His second marriage was with Indira Devi, the daughter of the Maharaja Thakore Sahib of Palitana in 1941.

### Children

Rajendra Prakash was the father of two daughters, Nalini Devi (by his first wife) and Padmini Devi (by his second wife). Nalini Devi married Vidur Singh, son of the Raja Sahib of Alipura, in 1952. Padmini Devi, married Bhawani Singh, son of the Maharaja Sahib of Jaipur, in 1967.

1. Reed, Sir Stanley (1948). *The Times of India Directory and Year Book Including Who's who*. Bennett Coleman.
2. *Gazetteer of the Sirmur State*. New Delhi: Indus Pub. Co. 1996. ISBN 81-7387-056-X. OCLC 41357468.
3. Pioneer, The. "Dehradun". *The Pioneer*. Retrieved 2021-12-12.
4. Sudhanshu Mishra (May 15, 2013). "9-year-old Jaipur prince becomes Maharaja of Sirmaur". *India Today*. Retrieved 2021-12-12.
5. Brentnall, Mark (2004). *The Princely and Noble Families of the Former Indian Empire (v. 1)*. Indus Publishing. ISBN 8173871639.
6. "Property dispute of Sirmaur's royal family settled - Indian Express". *archive.indianexpress.com*. Retrieved 2021-12-12.
7. "Sirmaur Royal property dispute settled – Hill Post". Retrieved 2021-12-12.
8. Kumar, Ritu (2006). *Costumes and textiles of royal India*. Cathy Muscat. Woodbridge: Antique Collectors' Club. ISBN 1-85149-509-6. OCLC 74344858.
9. Pārīka, Nandakiśora (2000). *Jaipur that was : royal court and the seraglio*. Jaipur, Rajasthan: Subodh Sahitya Sadan. ISBN 81-87678-00-3. OCLC 44728120.

## InfoBox

| Rajendra Prakash | |
| --- | --- |
| *His Highness the Maharaja Sahib of Sirmur* | |
| Maharaja of Sirmur | |
| Reign | 1933-1964 |
| Predecessor | Amar Prakash |
|  | |
| Born | 11 January 1913
Nahan, Sirmur State, British India |
| Died | 6 November 1964
Dehradun, India |
| Consort(s) | Durga Devi
Indira Devi |
| Issue | Nalini Devi
Padmini Devi Udai Prakash |
| Father | Amar Prakash |
| Mother | Mandalasa Kumari |


title: Türkayşe, Çorum

abstract: Türkayşe is a village in the Çorum District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 108 (2022).

text:
# Türkayşe, Çorum

**Türkayşe** is a village in the Çorum District of Çorum Province in Turkey. Its population is 108 (2022).

## InfoBox

| Türkayşe | |
| --- | --- |
| Village | |
| TürkayşeLocation in Turkey | |
| Coordinates: 40°23′N 34°59′E / 40.383°N 34.983°E / 40.383; 34.983 | |
| Country | Turkey |
| Province | Çorum |
| District | Çorum |
| Population (2022) | 108 |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (TRT) |


title: Percy Bowers

abstract: The Venerable Percy Harris Bowers (1856–1922) was an eminent Anglican priest in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Bowers was born at Swinton, Lancashire, and baptised 30 July 1856. He was educated at The Forest School and St John's College, Cambridge, graduating BA in 1880. Ordained in 1880, he was Rector of Market Bosworth from 1886 and then Rural Dean of Sparkenhoe; and an Honorary Canon of Peterborough from 1913. He was the second Archdeacon of Loughborough and Warden of the Mission Clergy of the Diocese of Peterborough.

text:
# Percy Bowers

The Venerable **Percy Harris Bowers**  (1856–1922) was an eminent Anglican priest in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

Bowers was born at Swinton, Lancashire, and baptised 30 July 1856. He was educated at The Forest School and St John's College, Cambridge, graduating BA in 1880. Ordained in 1880, he was Rector of Market Bosworth from 1886 and then Rural Dean of Sparkenhoe; and an Honorary Canon of Peterborough from 1913. He was the second Archdeacon of Loughborough and Warden of the Mission Clergy of the Diocese of Peterborough.

## InfoBox

| The VenerablePercy Harris BowersMA | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Archdeacon of Loughborough | |
| **In office**<br>1921–1922 | |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Died | 15 November 1922 |
| Spouse | Annie née LLoyd |
|  | |


title: William Judd (Australian politician)

abstract: William George Judd was an Australian politician. Known as George Judd, he was born in Sydney to labourer James Judd and Selina Matthews. He ran a store at St Peters before entering politics, and also ran a brick and tile company. On 15 February 1869 he married Eleanor Eliza Howard, with whom he had four children. In 1885 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Canterbury, but he did not re-contest in 1887. Judd died at Arncliffe in 1929. His name is associated with Judd's Hurstville Brickworks.

text:
# William Judd (Australian politician)

**William George Judd** (1847  6 December 1929) was an Australian politician.

Known as George Judd, he was born in Sydney to labourer James Judd and Selina Matthews. He ran a store at St Peters before entering politics, and also ran a brick and tile company. On 15 February 1869 he married Eleanor Eliza Howard, with whom he had four children. In 1885 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Canterbury, but he did not re-contest in 1887. Judd died at Arncliffe in 1929.

His name is associated with Judd's Hurstville Brickworks.


title: Mark Whitfield

abstract: Mark Whitfield is an American jazz guitarist.

text:
# Mark Whitfield

**Mark Whitfield** (born October 6, 1966) is an American jazz guitarist.

## Life and career

Whitfield was born in Lindenhurst, New York. He has worked with Jack McDuff, Jimmy Smith, Courtney Pine, Nicholas Payton, and Chris Botti.

In 2000, Whitfield released an instructional guitar video titled *Mark Whitfield: Star Licks Master Sessions* for Star Licks Productions. In 2017, he shot a series of instructional videos entitled *Mark Whitfield: Land the Gig*.

## Discography

### As leader

* *The Marksman* (Warner Bros., 1990)
* *Patrice* (Warner Bros., 1991)
* *Mark Whitfield* (Warner Bros., 1993)
* *True Blue* (Verve, 1994)
* *7th Ave. Stroll* (Verve, 1995)
* *Forever Love* (Verve, 1997)
* *Raw* (Transparent Music, 2000)
* *Mark Whitfield Featuring Panther* (Dirty Soap, 2005)
* *Songs of Wonder* (Marksman, 2009)
* *Grace* (Marksman, 2016)
* *Live & Uncut* (Chesky, 2017)

### As sideman

## InfoBox

| Mark Whitfield | |
| --- | --- |
| Newport Jazz Festival, 2006 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Mark Adrian Whitfield |
| Born | (1966-10-06) October 6, 1966<br>Lindenhurst, New York, U.S. |
| Genres | Jazz, soul jazz |
| Occupation | Musician |
| Instrument | Guitar |
| Labels | Warner Bros., Verve |
|  | |
| Website | www.markwhitfield.com |


title: Likas (state constituency)

abstract: Likas is a state constituency in Sabah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly. It is mandated to return a single member to the Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.

text:
# Likas (state constituency)

**Likas** is a state constituency in Sabah, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly. It is mandated to return a single member to the Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.

## Polling districts

As at 12 February 2016, this constituency contains the polling districts of Bandar Utara, Bandar Selatan, Likas Barat, Likas, Likas Tengah, Likas Selatan, Likas Park and Dah Yeh Villa.

## Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Likas's electorate as of 2020

Chinese (73.63%)  Sabah Bumiputera (20.21%)  Malay-MUslim Bumiputera (4.06%)  Other ethnicities (2.10%)

## History

### Polling districts

According to the gazette issued on 31 October 2022, the Likas constituency has a total of 8 polling districts.

| State constituency | Polling Districts | Code | Location |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Likas (N19) | Bandar Utara | 172/19/01 | Dewan Serbaguna Kompleks Sukan Likas |
| | Bandar Selatan | 172/19/02 | Kolej Vokasional Likas |
| | Likas Barat | 172/19/03 | SMK Perempuan Likas |
| | Likas | 172/19/04 | SK St. Agnes |
| | Likas Tengah | 172/19/05 | SJK (C) St. James Likas |
| | Likas Selatan | 172/19/06 | SM Kian Kok |
| | Likas Park | 172/19/07 | SMK Likas |
| | Dah Yeh Villa | 172/19/08 | SM Tshung Tsin Sabah |

### Representation History

| Member of Sabah State Legislative Assembly for Likas | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Assembly | Years | Member | Party |
| *Constituency created from Jesselton Bandar* | | | |
| 5th | 1976 – 1981 | Wong Yau Ket | **BERJAYA** |
| 6th | 1981 – 1985 | Chin Kok Kong | **BN** (**BERJAYA**) |
| 7th | 1985 – 1986 | Yong Teck Lee (杨德利) | **PBS** |
| 8th | 1986 – 1990 | | |
| 9th | 1990 – 1994 | | |
| 10th | 1994 – 1999 | | **BN** (**SAPP**) |
| 11th | 1999 – 2004 | |
| 12th | 2004 – 2008 | | Liew Teck Chan (劉德泉) |
| 13th | 2008 | |
| | 2008 – 2013 | | **SAPP** |
| 14th | 2013 – 2015 | Junz Wong (王鸿俊) | **DAP** |
| | 2015 – 2016 | | **PH** (**DAP**) |
| | 2016 | | **Independent** |
| | 2016 – 2018 | | **WARISAN** |
| 15th | 2018 – 2020 | Tan Lee Fatt (陈历发) | **PH** (**DAP**) |
| 16th | 2020 – | | |

## Election results

Sabah state election, 2020
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | Sabah Heritage Party | Tan Lee Fatt | 8,173 | 85.55 | 3.88 |
|  | BN | Chang Kee Ying | 656 | 6.87 | 4.37 |
|  | LDP | Sim Fui | 276 | 2.89 | 2.89 |
|  | Love Sabah Party | Lu Siaw Wee | 164 | 1.72 | 1.72 |
|  | Independent | Chia Chui Ket | 95 | 0.99 | 0.99 |
|  | USNO (Baru) | Daniel Isaac Hoong | 81 | 0.85 | 0.85 |
|  | Sabah People's Unity Party | Chong Chee Vui | 22 | 0.23 | 0.23 |
| Total valid votes | | | 9,467 | 99.09 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 71 | 0.74 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 16 | 0.17 |
| Turnout | | | 9,554 | 63.39 | 10.34 |
| Registered electors | | | 14,934 |
| Majority | | | 7,517 | 78.68 | 8.25 |
|  | Likas **hold** | | Swing | | WARISAN |
| Source(s) "RESULTS OF CONTESTED ELECTION AND STATEMENTS OF THE POLL AFTER THE OFFICIAL ADDITION OF VOTES". | | | | | | |

Sabah state election, 2018
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | DAP | Tan Lee Fatt | 9,163 | 81.67 | 81.67 |
|  | BN | Chin Shu Ying | 1,261 | 11.24 | 6.82 |
|  | SAPP | Yong We Kong | 673 | 6.00 | 6.82 |
| Total valid votes | | | 11,097 | 98.91 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 84 | 0.75 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 38 | 0.34 |
| Turnout | | | 11,219 | 73.73 | 2.07 |
| Registered electors | | | 15,216 |
| Majority | | | 7,902 | 70.43 | 21.69 |
|  | Likas **hold** | | Swing | | DAP |
| Source(s) "RESULTS OF CONTESTED ELECTION AND STATEMENTS OF THE POLL AFTER THE OFFICIAL ADDITION OF VOTES". | | | | | | |

Sabah state election, 2013
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | DAP | Junz Wong | 7,746 | 66.80 | 32.82 |
|  | BN | Chin Shu Ying | 2,094 | 18.06 | 24.98 |
|  | SAPP | Yong Teck Lee | 1,487 | 12.82 | 12.82 |
|  | Independent | Ho Cheong Tshun | 155 | 1.34 | 1.34 |
| Total valid votes | | | 11,482 | 99.02 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 99 | 0.85 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 15 | 0.13 |
| Turnout | | | 11,596 | 75.80 | 13.08 |
| Registered electors | | | 15,294 |
| Majority | | | 5,652 | 48.74 | 39.68 |
|  | Likas **gain** from DAP | | Swing | | BN |
| Source(s) "KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI". | | | | | | |

Sabah state election, 2008
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | BN | Liew Teck Chan | 4,097 | 43.04 | 28.94 |
|  | DAP | Joan Goh Penn Nee | 3,235 | 33.98 | 33.98 |
|  | PKR | Yap Siew Kiong | 1,888 | 19.83 | 6.42 |
|  | Independent | Kong Yu Kiong | 182 | 1.91 | 1.91 |
| Total valid votes | | | 9,402 | 98.77 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 111 | 1.17 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 6 | 0.06 |
| Turnout | | | 9,519 | 62.72 | 5.20 |
| Registered electors | | | 15,178 |
| Majority | | | 862 | 9.06 | 36.67 |
|  | Likas **hold** | | Swing | | BN |
| Source(s) "KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 2008". | | | | | | |

Sabah state election, 2004
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | BN | Liew Teck Chan | 6,286 | 71.98 | 20.56 |
|  | PKR | Kong Yu Kiong | 2,293 | 26.25 | 26.25 |
| Total valid votes | | | 8,579 | 98.24 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 134 | 1.53 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 20 | 0.23 |
| Turnout | | | 8,733 | 57.52 | 10.69 |
| Registered electors | | | 15,182 |
| Majority | | | 3,993 | 45.73 | 17.72 |
|  | Likas **hold** | | Swing | | BN |
| Source(s) "KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 2004". | | | | | | |

Sabah state election, 1999
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | BN | Yong Teck Lee | 9,110 | 51.42 | 5.85 |
|  | PBS | Chong Eng Leong | 4,148 | 23.41 | 18.32 |
|  | BERSEKUTU | Harris Salleh | 3,576 | 20.18 | 20.18 |
|  | SETIA | Gamparan Lajah | 318 | 1.79 | 1.79 |
|  | PAS | Yahya Kassim | 200 | 1.13 | 1.13 |
|  | Independent | Saudin Kadis | 100 | 0.56 | 0.56 |
| Total valid votes | | | 17,452 | 98.50 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 265 | 1.50 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 0 | 0.00 |
| Turnout | | | 17,717 | 68.21 | 2.81 |
| Registered electors | | | 25,976 |
| Majority | | | 4,962 | 28.01 | 12.47 |
|  | Likas **hold** | | Swing | | BN |
| Source(s) "KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 1999". | | | | | | |

Sabah state election, 1994
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | BN | Yong Teck Lee | 8,035 | 57.27 | 57.27 |
|  | PBS | Yee Moh Chai | 5,855 | 41.73 | 24.75 |
| Total valid votes | | | 13,890 | 99.00 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 140 | 1.00 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 0 | 0.00 |
| Turnout | | | 14,030 | 71.02 | 0.50 |
| Registered electors | | | 19,756 |
| Majority | | | 2,180 | 15.54 | 30.86 |
|  | Likas **gain** from BN | | Swing | | PBS |
| Source(s) "KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 1994". | | | | | | |

Sabah state election, 1990
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | PBS | Yong Teck Lee | 7,347 | 66.48 | 0.74 |
|  | USNO | Hussin Wahid Dally | 2,219 | 20.08 | 20.08 |
|  | BERJAYA | Yan Ngai Nen | 626 | 5.66 | 24.50 |
|  | DAP | Quek Yi Than | 416 | 3.76 | 3.76 |
|  | PRS | Frankie Yapp Lai Sing | 176 | 1.59 | 1.59 |
|  | LDP | Chin Nyuk Fatt | 176 | 1.59 | 1.59 |
| Total valid votes | | | 10,960 | 99.17 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 92 | 0.83 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 0 | 0.00 |
| Turnout | | | 11,052 | 71.52 |
| Registered electors | | | 15,453 |
| Majority | | | 5,128 | 46.40 | 9.34 |
|  | Likas **hold** | | Swing | | PBS |
| Source(s) "KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 1990". | | | | | | |

Sabah state election, 1986
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % | ∆% |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | PBS | Yong Teck Lee | 6,488 | 67.22 |  |
|  | BERJAYA | Chin Kok Kong | 2,911 | 30.16 |  |
|  | \[\[PCS|Sabah Chinese Party\]\] | Chu Yee Ming @ Jeffrey | 140 | 1.45 |  |
|  | SCCP | Kok Fung Chong | 38 | 0.39 |  |
| Total valid votes | | | 9,577 | 99.22 |
| Total rejected ballots | | | 75 | 0.78 |
| Unreturned ballots | | | 0 | 0.00 |
| Turnout | | | 9,652 | 73.54 |
| Registered electors | | | 13,125 |
| Majority | | | 3,577 | 37.06 |
|  | Likas **hold** | | Swing | | PBS |
| Source(s) "KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM DEWAN UNDANGAN NEGERI SABAH BAGI TAHUN 1986". | | | | | | |

## InfoBox

Likas
| Sabah constituency | |
| --- | --- |
| State constituency | |
| Legislature | Sabah State Legislative Assembly |
| MLA |
     Tan Lee Fatt
PH |
| Constituency created | 1976 |
| First contested | 1974 |
| Last contested | 2020 |
| Demographics | |
| Electors (2020) | 14,934 |


title: Trenton, Nova Scotia

abstract: Trenton is a town located in Pictou County, Nova Scotia, Canada. Founded in 1786, it is situated on the east bank of the East River of Pictou. The community gained its name in 1882 at the suggestion of a prominent citizen, Harvey Graham, after he visited Trenton, New Jersey. It was incorporated as a town on 11 March 1911.

text:
# Trenton, Nova Scotia

**Trenton** is a town located in Pictou County, Nova Scotia, Canada. Founded in 1786, it is situated on the east bank of the East River of Pictou. The community gained its name in 1882 at the suggestion of a prominent citizen, Harvey Graham, after he visited Trenton, New Jersey. It was incorporated as a town on 11 March 1911.

## Economy

Since the 1870s, the town's economy was tied to the TrentonWorks factory and its predecessors which occupies a large property along the East River of Pictou. This factory closed permanently in 2016 after various incarnations as a steel fabrication, railcar fabrication, and wind turbine tower fabrication facility. Since the late 1960s, the town has also been host to the Trenton Generating Station. Other large employers in the past have included a paint manufacturer (Tibbett's Paints) as well as a glass works (Trenton Glass).

The town's economy is undergoing a transition to a post-industrial tertiary/service economy. Major employers in the region are located outside the town, namely a Michelin Tire factory in Granton and an Asia Pulp & Paper (Paper Excellence Canada) pulp mill in Abercrombie.

The TrentonWorks facility dominates the town's waterfront, having opened in the 1870s as Canada's first steel mill before being converted to focus exclusively on manufactured steel products by the late 19th century. The TrentonWorks site was used to produce railway cars throughout the entire 20th century before production ceased in 2007. Part of the facility was used as a shipyard to produce small cargo ships during both World Wars; the railcar plant was temporarily retooled during these conflicts to produce munitions. As of 2010, the facility is undergoing a $60 million conversion to produce components for wind turbines in a partnership between South Korean industrial conglomerate Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (DSME) and the governments of Nova Scotia and Canada. The end of railcar manufacturing on the TrentonWorks site saw the loss of 1300 jobs (at peak employment); it is currently hoped that the conversion to produce wind turbine components by DSME will return employment to pre-2007 levels.

Trenton Forge is a separate company located adjacent to the TrentonWorks property dates to the 1870s and operates one of the largest forges in the world. At one time, Trenton also hosted a glass works and paint factory.

The town has been facing significant economic turmoil in recent decades as the local economy transitions from industrial to post-industrial. Rural depopulation in Canada has affected Pictou County and Trenton has witnessed the loss of numerous institutions and businesses over the years. These include: 5 schools, a movie theatre, doctors' offices, many businesses, and several industries. The town has very few local services, relying on the growing commercial district in neighbouring New Glasgow; it has recently seen its last bank branch and gas station close.

With the town's residential and commercial tax base in decline, finances are strained for maintaining existing services and it is believed that amalgamation with New Glasgow is inevitable.

## Trenton Steeltown Centennial Park

A beautiful park located on the north-east edge of Trenton is a popular site attraction for the locals of the Trenton community, as well as the visitors who are passing by. The Centennial Park offers a variety of walking trails within the 560 acre environment therefore, making the park the largest public green space in Pictou County, it is a great way to interact with the locals and engage in a healthy lifestyle. Trenton Park offers other attractions including an outdoor swimming pool, amphitheater, and summer time canteen for refreshments. Out of the many walking locations that are offered a highly popular trial located in the middle of the park overlooks beautiful diverse ponds which is now part of the Trans Canada trail. It is extremely important for the Town of Trenton to focus on the continued development and maintenance of this valuable asset which will aid in the growth of the entire community. A picnic area located in Trenton park provides visitors a space to stop and enjoy food while enjoying the landscape.

## Trenton Airport

The airport is located at 174 Duke Street. The airport offers accommodations year round and is open to public transportation upon request. Since the opening of Trenton Airport a variety of recognizable people have used the facility which include: Queen Elizabeth and Prince Philip, Prince Charles and Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall, Babe Ruth, Bill Clinton, along with numerous Canadian Prime Ministers and politicians.

## Education

Trenton has two public schools. Trenton Elementary School is located at 1 Sixth Street, offering grades primary through four. Trenton Middle School is located at 6 Dickie Street and occupying grades five through eight. Recently, the Chignecto-Central Regional School Board received approval from the province to add an additional pre-primary site for Trenton Elementary School. This allows the children of Trenton to benefit from the program, with more educational opportunities.

## Demographics

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Trenton had a population of 2,407 living in 1,091 of its 1,167 total private dwellings, a change of -2.7% from its 2016 population of 2,474. With a land area of 6.07 km2 (2.34 sq mi), it had a population density of 396.5/km2 (1,027.0/sq mi) in 2021.

## InfoBox

| Trenton | |
| --- | --- |
| Town | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Motto: "Strike while the iron is hot" | |
| TrentonTrenton in Nova Scotia | |
| Coordinates: 45°37′9.48″N 62°37′59.52″W / 45.6193000°N 62.6332000°W / 45.6193000; -62.6332000 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Nova Scotia |
| Municipality | Pictou County |
| Founded | 1786 |
| Incorporated | March 18, 1911 |
| Government | |
| Governing Body | Trenton Town Council |
| Mayor | Donald Hussher |
| MLA | Pat Dunn (PC) |
| MP | Sean Fraser (L) |
| Area (2016) | |
| Total | 6.07 km2 (2.34 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 92 m (302 ft) |
| Population (2016) | |
| Total | 2,474 |
| Density | 407.8/km2 (1,056/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-3 (ADT) |
| Postal Code | 0K 1X0 |
| Area code | 902 |
| Telephone Exchanges | 301, 331, 419, 507, 616, 695, 752, 753, 754, 755, 759, 771, 921, 928, 931, 934, 952 |
| Website | town.trenton.ns.ca |