title: Les Jackson (cricketer)

abstract: Herbert Leslie Jackson was an English professional cricketer. A fast or fast-medium bowler renowned for his accurate bowling and particular hostility on uncovered wickets, he played county cricket for Derbyshire from 1947 to 1963, and was regularly at, or near the top of, the English bowling averages. He played in only two Test matches for England, one in 1949 and a second in 1961. Jackson's absence from Test cricket was largely because his batting was so underdeveloped: his highest first-class score was 39 not out, and he reached 30 on only two other occasions. Between July 1949 and August 1950, Jackson indeed played fifty-one innings without reaching double figures, a number known to be exceeded only by Jem Shaw, Nobby Clark, Eric Hollies (twice), Brian Boshier and Mark Robinson. His leading competitors like Trueman, Tyson, and even teammate Gladwin were far better batsmen. Cricket writer, Colin Bateman, noted, "it is one of cricket’s great crimes that Les Jackson, a most respected fast bowler on the circuit throughout the 1950s, played only twice for England. It is said that his slingy, hostile action and his blunt opinions did not please the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) but in an era when Alec Bedser carried England‘s attack on his own, Jackson’s omission was a scandalous loss". Bateman added that Jackson, "...was as feared as Trueman and Tyson in county cricket".

text:
# Les Jackson (cricketer)

**Herbert Leslie Jackson** (5 April 1921 – 25 April 2007) was an English professional cricketer. A fast or fast-medium bowler renowned for his accurate bowling and particular hostility on uncovered wickets, he played county cricket for Derbyshire from 1947 to 1963, and was regularly at, or near the top of, the English bowling averages. He played in only two Test matches for England, one in 1949 and a second in 1961. Jackson's absence from Test cricket was largely because his batting was so underdeveloped: his highest first-class score was 39 not out, and he reached 30 on only two other occasions. Between July 1949 and August 1950, Jackson indeed played fifty-one innings without reaching double figures, a number known to be exceeded only by Jem Shaw, Nobby Clark, Eric Hollies (twice), Brian Boshier and Mark Robinson. His leading competitors like Trueman, Tyson, and even teammate Gladwin were far better batsmen.

Cricket writer, Colin Bateman, noted, "it is one of cricket’s great crimes that Les Jackson, a most respected fast bowler on the circuit throughout the 1950s, played only twice for England. It is said that his slingy, hostile action and his blunt opinions did not please the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) but in an era when Alec Bedser carried England‘s attack on his own, Jackson’s omission was a scandalous loss". Bateman added that Jackson, "...was as feared as Trueman and Tyson in county cricket".

## Life and career

Jackson was born in the mining village of Whitwell in Derbyshire, the youngest of thirteen children. His eldest brother had been killed in World War I; another brother was one of eighty who perished in the Creswell colliery disaster in 1950.

He was educated at Whitwell Church of England School, and became a miner at the age of 16. His father was a cricketer, and Jackson began his cricket career at Whitwell Cricket Club, where, until his demise, he could still be found on the occasional Saturday watching them play.

Jackson was genuinely quick from a slingy action, and remarkably accurate and economical. He was able to swing the ball both ways and move off the seam, and his six-foot height enabled him to make the ball lift awkwardly from just short of a length. He bowled from a short run-up, which enabled him to continue bowling for lengthy periods, and was particularly difficult to play on the uncovered wickets used in county cricket.

After many delays, including the outbreak of World War II, Jackson became a professional with Worksop in 1947, playing in the Bassetlaw League and joined Derbyshire later in the 1947 season, making his first-class debut against Kent on 5 July 1947. He formed formidable bowling partnerships with Cliff Gladwin, and then with Harold Rhodes, both also England Test players. In the 1949 season, his second full season after joining Derbyshire, he took 120 wickets at a bowling average of 20.41. After a successful Test trial taking six for 37, Jackson was selected in 1949 for the third Test against New Zealand at Old Trafford. He made his Test debut alongside Brian Close, opening the bowling with Trevor Bailey while the first choice fast bowler, Alec Bedser, was rested. Jackson met with some success, taking 2 for 47 and 1 for 25, but the match was drawn and he was replaced by Bedser for the fourth and deciding Test. He was not chosen to tour Australia in 1950–51, losing out to John Warr whose sole Test wicket came at a cost of 284 runs, but toured to India instead with a Commonwealth side, only to return home early with an elbow injury. Jackson played in another Test trial in 1950, but was unable to make much of an impression: on a soft wicket Jim Laker took 8 wickets for 2 runs, Bob Berry did the bulk of the bowling for "The Rest" and Jackson's bowling was described as "mediocre".

Nonetheless, Jackson averaged under twenty runs a wicket in every season from 1951 to 1962, and took 100 or more in every season except 1951, 1955 and 1961 when he was severely handicapped by injuries. In the 1958 season, he took 143 wickets at an average of 10.99 runs per wicket, an average not equalled by any regular first-class bowler since and not previously seen since the days of Tom Richardson. This feat was all the more extraordinary because owing to a serious groin strain Jackson bowled at only medium pace for most of the season. Jackson was one of the *Wisden Cricketers of the Year* in 1959, then took a further 140 wickets in 1959 (being the first to reach 100), and then 160 at 13.61 in 1960. In all, he passed 100 wickets in ten domestic seasons. Fred Trueman described Jackson as "The best six-days-a-week bowler in county cricket".

Jackson had to wait twelve years to play his second Test, allegedly and almost certainly due to upper class prejudice by the England captain Freddie Brown in early years, and of England selector Gubby Allen later. He was finally selected for the third Test against the 1961 Australians at Headingley, when he was 40 years old. Again, he was chosen to replace the first-choice fast bowler, Brian Statham, who had a side strain, and again he provided able support, this time to Trueman, taking 2 for 57 and 2 for 26, as England won by eight wickets. Statham came back for the final two Tests, and Jack Flavell was picked ahead of Jackson. He never played Test cricket again. The 12-year gap between his appearances is the longest of any England Test player with only two caps.

Jackson retired from Derbyshire at the end of the 1963 season, having taken more wickets for Derbyshire than any other bowler, a record that still stands (1,733 first-class wickets at 17.36 apiece). He then played for Enfield in the Lancashire League in 1964, and for Undercliffe in the Bradford League from 1965 to 1970. Jackson, along with Derbyshire namesake Brian and longtime partner Gladwin (who was then 54), played his last game at the age of 49 for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) against Derbyshire on 5 July 1970, a 40-overs match commemorating the centenary of Derbyshire's first match at Lord's in 1870. Jackson was elected President of the Derbyshire Players' Association in 1995.

He continued mining in the winter through much of his cricketing career, later becoming a chauffeur for the National Coal Board until 1982. His death, in Chesterfield, Derbyshire, after a short illness was announced on *Test Match Special* on 25 April 2007, less than three weeks after his 86th birthday. He married his wife, Norma, in 1942; she died in 1991. He was survived by their daughter.

1. Bateman, Colin (1993). *If The Cap Fits*. Tony Williams Publications. p. 99. ISBN 1-869833-21-X.
2. Webber, Roy; *The Playfair Book of Cricket Records*; p. 317. Published 1951 by Playfair Books.
3. Les Jackson CricInfo profile
4. Test no. 316: England v New Zealand at Old Trafford, 1949
5. England v The Rest in 1950
6. Preston, Norman, ed. (1956). *Wisden Cricketers' Almanac 1956* (93rd ed.). London: Sporting Handbooks Ltd. p. 304.
7. Preston, Norman (editor); *Wisden Cricketers' Almanac*, Ninety-Sixth Edition (1959); pp. 57-60
8. Preston, Norman (editor); *Wisden Cricketers' Almanac*, Ninety-Seventh Edition (1960); pp. 250, 342
9. Test no. 509: England v Australia at Headingley, Leeds
10. Derbyshire v Marylebone Cricket Club in 1970

## InfoBox

Les Jackson
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Full name | Herbert Leslie Jackson |
| Born | (1921-04-05)5 April 1921
Whitwell, Derbyshire, England |
| Died | 25 April 2007(2007-04-25) (aged 86)
Chesterfield, England |
| Batting | Right-handed |
| Bowling | Right-arm fast |
| Role | Bowler |
| International information | |
| National side |  |
| Test debut | 23 July 1949 v New Zealand |
| Last Test | 6 July 1961 v Australia |
|  | |
| Domestic team information | |
| Years | Team |
| 1947–1963 | Derbyshire |
|  | |
| Career statistics | |
| Competition Test First-class  Matches 2 418  Runs scored 15 2,083  Batting average 15.00 6.19  100s/50s 0/0 0/0  Top score 8 39  Balls bowled 498 83,267  Wickets 7 1,733  Bowling average 22.14 17.36  5 wickets in innings 0 115  10 wickets in match 0 20  Best bowling 2/26 9/17  Catches/stumpings 1/– 137/– | |
|  | |
| Source: CricketArchive, 24 June 2010 | |


title: South Side, Nova Scotia

abstract: South Side is a community on Cape Sable Island in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Municipality of the District of Barrington of Shelburne County.

text:
# South Side, Nova Scotia

**South Side** is a community on Cape Sable Island in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in the Municipality of the District of Barrington of Shelburne County.

43°26′57″N 65°35′52″W / 43.44917°N 65.59778°W / 43.44917; -65.59778 (South Side, Nova Scotia)

## InfoBox

| South Side | |
| --- | --- |
| Community | |
| **Location of South Side, Nova Scotia** | |
| Coordinates: 43°26′57″N 65°35′52″W / 43.449167°N 65.597778°W / 43.449167; -65.597778 | |
| Country | Canada |
| Province | Nova Scotia |
| County | Shelburne |
| Municipal district | Barrington |
| Time zone | UTC-4 (AST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-3 (ADT) |
| Area code | 902 |
| Access Routes | South Side Road <br>via  Route 330 |


title: The History of White People in America

abstract: The History of White People in America was a series of 30-minute mockumentary-style vignettes, first broadcast on American television Cinemax beginning in 1985, and later re-edited for home video release.

text:
# The History of White People in America

***The History of White People in America*** was a series of 30-minute mockumentary-style vignettes, first broadcast on American television Cinemax beginning in 1985, and later re-edited for home video release.

## Broadcast

*Martin Mull Presents The History Of White People In America, Part 1: In Search Of* was broadcast June 4, 1985, hosted by Martin Mull, and starring Fred Willard, Mary Kay Place, Amy Lynne, Christian Jacobs, and Edie McClurg. It was written and produced by Martin Mull and Allen Rucker, and directed by Harry Shearer. Mull's wife Wendy Haas contributed the music.

*The History of White People in America* was done in the style of documentaries about minorities in the United States. The focus is a family of empty-headed white people clueless about the complexities of the world around them. Each 30-minute segment focuses on a particular theme (e.g. religion, crime). Martin Mull plays a reporter after the fashion of *60 Minutes* investigative TV journalism, interviewing participants as well as providing narration or commentary directly into the camera.

## Volume I (1985)

The series begins with introductory "testimonials" by Steve Martin, Teri Garr, and Bob Eubanks, who explain what being white means to them. Martin admits he's a white person, but apologizes for not being a very good one. Garr claims to be one of the few white people who can dance. Eubanks says he's only recently come to terms with being white, and if going public can help others to cope with their whiteness, he'll consider his public declaration to have been for the best.

Mull as the narrator then discusses how recent films and television shows have celebrated ethnic diversity, but none have covered white people. He cites the miniseries *Roots* as an example, but focuses on Ben Vereen's portrayal of Chicken George as the supposed highlight. He also includes the miniseries *Shōgun*, sarcastically describing it as the history of Japan told by Richard Chamberlain.

### Part one: "In Search Of"

Mull introduces the viewers to the average white family in America, the Harrisons of Hawkins Falls, Ohio. Highlights include the Harrisons hosting a backyard barbecue and interacting with their neighbors, all of whom are equally average, white, and fond of mayonnaise.

### Part two: "A Closer Look"

The Harrisons are shown reacting to appearing on television in Part One, with Mull explaining how "getting in touch" with their whiteness has changed them. Daughter Debbie uses her increased confidence to win election as president of her high school's student council, where she arbitrarily enacts edicts including mandatory deodorant dispensers for the student bathrooms, "especially the boys." Wife and mother Joyce Harrison begins a support network for other women in the neighborhood to explore what being white means to them, beginning with the members of her Amway group.

The Harrisons are later shown individually discussing sex on the phone with friends, with Debbie shocked after a friend tells her the real thing is better than what was depicted in *Porky's* and Joyce expressing dismay at a friend who says her husband and she prefer to leave the bedroom lights on when they're intimate. Tommy attempts to learn breakdancing, which causes his parents to bring him to the Institute for White Studies in Zanesville for retraining.

Husband and father Hal attempts to learn about other cultures by inviting a rabbi (played by Harry Shearer) to his home, but the discussion doesn't go well, as Hal commits several *faux pas*, including offering the rabbi ham and asking when Jews put propellers on their yarmulkes. Joyce attempts to visit a sick neighbor, but discovers the neighbor isn't sick, but Sikh.

The segment closes with the Harrisons taking part in a local civic club's "White Pride Night," including a costumed song and dance routine that celebrates white peoples' contributions to American history.

## Volume II (1986)

Martin Mull continues his in-depth (mock) examination of cultural dynamics, originally broadcast on Cinemax as four individual segments in fall 1986:

* "White Religion"
* "White Politics" (October 24, 1986)
* "White Crime"
* "White Stress" (November 8, 1986)

## *Portrait of a White Marriage*

The third installment of the series, broadcast in 1988, drops the "documentary" approach while still featuring Mull and company in Hawkins Falls, Ohio.

## Home video

All three installments were released on VHS by MCA Home Video.

## Books

* Mull, Martin; Rucker, Allen (October 9, 1985). *The History of White People in America*. Perigee Books. p. 143. ISBN 9780399511936.
* Mull, Martin; Rucker, Allen (October 1, 1986). *A Paler Shade of White: The History of White People in America: Volume II*. Perigee Books. p. 158. ISBN 9780399513008.

## Reception

1985 CableACE Award for Comedy Special was given to Martin Mull (executive producer), Allen Rucker (producer), Kevin Bright (producer), and Cinemax, for *The History of White People in America*.

## Adaptations

In 2007, *The History of White People in America* was adapted for the stage by Lincoln High School, Lincoln, Illinois for the *Drama & Group Interpretation* State Final Competition of the Illinois High School Association.

* *An American Family* \- a 1971 documentary TV series parodied in *The History of White People in America*.
* *Fernwood 2 Night* \- a 1977 mock talk show series starring Martin Mull and Fred Willard employing similar social satire.
* *BabaKiueria* \- a 1986 Australian mockumentary about an oppressed white minority in a society dominated by Aboriginal Australians.
* *White* \- a serious 2008 BBC2 documentary series about the white working class in Britain.
* *White People* \- a serious 2015 documentary that explores white culture and privilege in America.

## InfoBox

| *The History of White People in America* | |
| --- | --- |
| Written by | Martin Mull
Allen Rucker |
| Directed by | Harry Shearer |
| Starring | Martin Mull
Fred Willard
Mary Kay Place
Edie McClurg
Christian Jacobs
Amy Lynne
Eileen Brennan
Steve Martin
Jack Riley
Harry Shearer
Michael McKean
Stella Stevens
Jeannetta Arnette |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Original language | English |
| Production | |
| Producers | Allen Rucker
Martin Mull
Kevin Bright |
| Original release | |
| Network | Cinemax |
| Release | 1985 (1985) |


title: 1860 Philadelphia mayoral election

abstract: The 1860 Philadelphia mayoral election saw the reelection of Alexander Henry. This was the first Philadelphia mayoral election won by the then-young Republican Party. Henry had previously been elected as a member of the "People's Party".

text:
# 1860 Philadelphia mayoral election

The **1860 Philadelphia mayoral election** saw the reelection of Alexander Henry.

This was the first Philadelphia mayoral election won by the then-young Republican Party. Henry had previously been elected as a member of the "People's Party".

## Results

1860 Philadelphia mayoral election
| Party | | Candidate | Votes | % |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | **Republican** | **Alexander Henry (incumbent)** | **36,658** | **50.61%** |
|  | Democratic | John Robbins | 35,776 | 49.39% |
| Turnout | | | 72,434 |  |

## InfoBox

1860 Philadelphia mayoral election
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Nominee **Alexander Henry** John Robbins   Party Republican Democratic  Popular vote **36,658** 35,776  Percentage **50.61%** 49.39% | |
| ---  **Mayor before election**
Alexander Henry
People's Party **Elected mayor**
Alexander Henry
Republican | |


title: Noel Simpson (general)

abstract: Major General Noel Simpson, was an officer in the Australian Army who served during the Second World War, commanding at both battalion and brigade level. In the post-war military, he rose to command the 3rd Division before serving on the Military Board as the Citizen Military Forces member, retiring in 1964. He was a banker in civilian life, rising to the role of assistant-inspector of the National Bank of Australasia. He died in 1971, at the age of 64.

text:
# Noel Simpson (general)

Major General **Noel Simpson**, CB, CBE, DSO & Bar, ED (22 February 1907 – 18 November 1971) was an officer in the Australian Army who served during the Second World War, commanding at both battalion and brigade level. In the post-war military, he rose to command the 3rd Division before serving on the Military Board as the Citizen Military Forces member, retiring in 1964. He was a banker in civilian life, rising to the role of assistant-inspector of the National Bank of Australasia. He died in 1971, at the age of 64.

## Early life

Simpson was born on 22 February 1907, in Balmain, New South Wales, to Harry and Annie Simpson. His father was an orchardist who had been born in Sydney, while his mother, Annie (née Thomas), had migrated from New Zealand. Noel was the younger of a set of twin boys; his brother, Grosvenor, would also undertake military service, and the pair were both initially commissioned into the Militia 17th Battalion, although Grosvenor would later serve in the British Army and would be killed at Anzio in 1944. After completing his schooling at North Sydney Boys' High School, Simpson joined the National Bank of Australasia in late 1922; he would remain with them for his entire working life except for the period of his war service.

## Military career

While employed by the National Bank of Australasia in civilian life, Simpson began his military service in 1925, serving in the part time military forces. He was commissioned as a lieutenant in 1926 and served in a number of infantry battalions – the 17th, 25th/33rd, 34th and 45th – during the inter-war years, rising to the rank of major by the time the Second World War broke out. Volunteering for overseas service, Simpson was appointed to the Second Australian Imperial Force and posted to the 2/13th Battalion as second-in-command.

Simpson deployed to the Middle East with them in late 1940, but shortly after arrival, he was seconded to the headquarters staff of the 7th Division, and later in the Syria–Lebanon campaign against the Vichy French in mid-1941. In early 1942, he returned to the 2/13th before being promoted to lieutenant colonel in March 1942 and taking command of the 2/17th Battalion; at this time he gained a reputation for his thorough training methods, and he subsequently led the battalion successfully through the Second Battle of El Alamein as the Allies launched a heavy offensive against the Germans and Italians in North Africa.

In 1943, Simpson's unit was brought back to Australia in preparation for operations against the Japanese in New Guinea. They undertook intensive training in Queensland, including amphibious landings, which eventually paid dividends when the 2/17th took part in the Huon Peninsula campaign, carrying out a landing at Scarlet Beach on 22 September 1943. Throughout September and October, despite being wounded, Simpson led the battalion in heavy fighting around Kumawa, and then Jivevaneng, where they held off a Japanese force that had threatened to encircle them. As the Australians then advanced on Sattelberg in November, Simpson temporarily commanded the 24th Brigade and then later the 20th Brigade.

After returning to Australia, Simpson was posted to the 2/43rd Battalion, commanding them as they undertook training in Queensland ahead of the Borneo campaign. However, he would not see action with them; instead, Simpson was promoted to brigadier in March 1945 and placed in command of the 29th Brigade, a Militia formation tasked with joining II Corps' 3rd Division on Bougainville, where the Australians had begun a limited offensive after taking over from US forces in late 1944.

Prior to Simpson's arrival, the 29th Brigade had relieved the US 182nd Infantry Regiment before commencing the advance along the southern coast in December 1944. After about a month, the brigade returned to the main Allied base around Torokina for a rest. Simpson arrived on Bougainville on 28 March, and the following month the brigade began defensive operations protecting the supply lines that were maintaining the Australian thrust towards the Japanese stronghold around Buin. In July, the brigade was tasked with resuming the offensive, commencing with crossing the Mivo River, but as patrols began to push forward towards the Oami River heavy rain brought the drive to a premature halt, with the war ending before it could resume in August.

Simpson took over command of the 23rd Brigade in November 1945, and led the formation back to Australia where it was demobilised in mid-1946 at Watsonia, Victoria.

After the war, Simpson resumed his civilian career with National Bank, but returned to the part time military in the post war period. He was the honorary aide-de-camp to the Governor General in 1950, and between 1950 and 1953 filled a staff role in Eastern Command. In 1953–1958, he commanded the 6th Brigade before being promoted to major general and taking over the 3rd Division in 1959–1960. In 1960–1962, he was the Citizen Military Forces representative of the Military Board – essentially holding the highest position available for a part-time officer – before going on to the Reserve of Officers list for the final part of his career. He retired from military service on 23 February 1964, having reached compulsory retirement age after nearly 40 years service.

## Later life and legacy

During the war, Simpson was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO) for his actions during the fighting around El Alamein and was awarded a Bar to the DSO for his role in the early part of the Huon Peninsula campaign. He was later mentioned in despatches (1947), and appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (1956) and a Companion of the Order of the Bath (1963). He was also awarded the Efficiency Decoration in 1946.

In his later life, Simpson continued to work for National Bank, serving as an assistant inspector until he retired in 1966. He died on 18 November 1971 in Heidelberg, Victoria. He never married.

* 2/17 Battalion History Committee (1990). *What We Have We Hold: A History of the 2/17 Australian Infantry Battalion, 1940–1945* (Revised ed.). Loftus, New South Wales: Australian Military History Publications. ISBN 1-876439-36-X.`{{cite book}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
* Keogh, Eustace (1965). *South West Pacific 1941–45*. Melbourne, Victoria: Grayflower Publications. OCLC 7185705.
* Sutton, R. (2002). "Simpson, Noel William (1907–1971)". *Australian Dictionary of Biography*. Vol. 16. National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, Melbourne University Press. Retrieved 7 April 2019.
* McKenzie-Smith, Graham (2018). *The Unit Guide: The Australian Army 1939–1945, Volume 2*. Warriewood, New South Wales: Big Sky Publishing. ISBN 978-1-925675-146.
* Palazzo, Albert (2002). *Defenders of Australia: The 3rd Australian Division 1916–1991*. Loftus, New South Wales: Australian Military Historical Publications. ISBN 1-876439-03-3.

## InfoBox

| Noel Simpson | |
| --- | --- |
| Simpson as a lieutenant colonel, 1945 | |
| Born | (1907-02-22)22 February 1907
Balmain, New South Wales |
| Died | 18 November 1971(1971-11-18) (aged 64)
Heidelberg, Victoria |
| Allegiance | Australia |
| Service/branch | Australian Army |
| Years of service | 1925–1964 |
| Rank | Major General |
| Commands | 3rd Division (1959–60)
6th Brigade (1953–58)
23rd Brigade (1945–46)
29th Brigade (1945)
2/43rd Battalion (1944–45)
2/17th Battalion (1942–44) |
| Battles/wars |  |
| Awards | Companion of the Order of the Bath
Commander of the Order of the British Empire
Distinguished Service Order & Bar
Efficiency Decoration
Mentioned in Despatches |


title: M-107 (Michigan highway)

abstract: M-107 was an east–west state trunkline highway in the Upper Peninsula of the US state of Michigan. Running for about 9.6 miles (15.4 km), it connected Lake of the Clouds and the rest of the Porcupine Mountains State Park to M-64 in Silver City. The roadway parallels the Lake Superior shoreline in Ontonagon County. The roadway was built in 1935 and named to honor the 107th Engineer Combat Battalion. The Michigan Legislature named it the "107th Engineer Memorial Road " in 2001. M-107 was transferred from the control of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) to the Ontonagon County Road Commission on June 4, 2008. This transfer decommissioned the M-107 designation and removed it from the state trunkline system.

text:
# M-107 (Michigan highway)

**M-107** was an east–west state trunkline highway in the Upper Peninsula of the US state of Michigan. Running for about 9.6 miles (15.4 km), it connected Lake of the Clouds and the rest of the Porcupine Mountains State Park to M-64 in Silver City. The roadway parallels the Lake Superior shoreline in Ontonagon County.

The roadway was built in 1935 and named to honor the 107th Engineer Combat Battalion. The Michigan Legislature named it the "107th Engineer Memorial Road " in 2001. M-107 was transferred from the control of the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) to the Ontonagon County Road Commission on June 4, 2008. This transfer decommissioned the M-107 designation and removed it from the state trunkline system.

## Route description

M-107 existed to connect the Porcupine Mountains State Park with the rest of the Michigan state trunkline highway system, running parallel to the Lake Superior shoreline. It began at an intersection with M-64 in Silver City. From there, M-107 ran west into the Porcupine Mountains, crossing the Little Iron River and passing the PMSP Winter Sports Complex. The western end was at the Lake of the Clouds overlook.

### Lake of the Clouds

Lake of the Clouds is a lake located in Ontonagon County within the Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park. The lake is situated in a valley between two ridges in the Porcupine Mountains. Surrounded by wilderness, the lake is a popular destination for hikers, campers, and fishermen. The lake is a prominent feature of the park, and can be viewed at the Lake of the Clouds Overlook at the west terminus of former M-107.

### Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park

Porcupine Mountains State Park was established in 1944 to protect the last large stand of old-growth forest remaining in Michigan. Then in 1972, Michigan passed the Wilderness and Natural areas Act. This act gave the park the new designation of the Porcupine Mountains Wilderness State Park. The facilities provided by the park include an extensive network of backcountry trails for hiking and backpacking, rustic trailside cabins, modern campgrounds, swimming and boating areas, and various interpretive programs led by park rangers. The North Country Trail passes through the park. In the winter, a ski area also operates within the park. Because of the copper mining history of the park, it is a cooperating unit of Keweenaw National Historical Park.

## History

The routing of M-107 had been largely unchanged since designation. The designation was created in 1935 as a tribute to the 107th Engineer Combat Battalion. The highway was dedicated on June 13, 1954 to the battalion at a ceremony by Highway Commissioner Charles M. Ziegler. This ceremony was attended by approximately 1,200 people at a highway turnout located along the roadway 4 miles (6 km) west of Silver City. A 3-short-ton (2.7 ) boulder was placed on a concrete pedestal with a bronze inscription plaque at the location of the ceremony. The Michigan Legislature named M-107 the "107th Engineer Memorial Road" in 2001.

On June 4, 2008, a transfer agreement was reached transferring the jurisdiction of M-107 from MDOT to the Ontonagon County Road Commission. This transfer marked the end of the M-107 designation as the roadway became a county primary road. The OCRC has named it the "107th Engineers Memorial Highway".

## Major intersections

The entire highway was in Ontonagon County.

| Location | mi | km | Destinations | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Porcupine Mountains State Park | 0.000 | 0.000 | Lake of the Clouds Overlook |  |
| Silver City | 9.576 | 15.411 | M-64 / LSCT Ontonagon, Bergland |  |
| 1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi<br> | | | | | |

Template:Attached KML/M-107 (Michigan highway)KML is from Wikidata

## InfoBox

| M-107 | |
| --- | --- |
| 107th Engineers Memorial Highway | |
| M-107 highlighted in red | |
| Route information | |
| Maintained by MDOT | |
| Length | 9.576 mi (15.411 km) |
| Existed | 1935–June 4, 2008 |
| Major junctions | |
| West end | Lake of the Clouds Overlook in the Porcupine Mountains State Park |
| East end | M-64 in Silver City |
|  | |
| Location | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Michigan |
| Counties | Ontonagon |
|  | |
| Highway system | |
|  | |
| M-106   M-108 | |


title: 1190

abstract: Year 1190 (MCXC) was a common year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar.

text:
# 1190

1190 in various calendars
| Gregorian calendar | 1190
*MCXC* |
| --- | --- |
| Ab urbe condita | 1943 |
| Armenian calendar | 639
ԹՎ ՈԼԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 5940 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1111–1112 |
| Bengali calendar | 597 |
| Berber calendar | 2140 |
| English Regnal year | 1 Ric. 1  2 Ric. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1734 |
| Burmese calendar | 552 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6698–6699 |
| Chinese calendar | 己酉年 (Earth Rooster)
3887 or 3680
*to*
庚戌年 (Metal Dog)
3888 or 3681 |
| Coptic calendar | 906–907 |
| Discordian calendar | 2356 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1182–1183 |
| Hebrew calendar | 4950–4951 |
| Hindu calendars |  |
| \- *Vikram Samvat* | 1246–1247 |
| \- *Shaka Samvat* | 1111–1112 |
| \- *Kali Yuga* | 4290–4291 |
| Holocene calendar | 11190 |
| Igbo calendar | 190–191 |
| Iranian calendar | 568–569 |
| Islamic calendar | 585–586 |
| Japanese calendar | Bunji 6 / Kenkyū 1
(建久元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1097–1098 |
| Julian calendar | 1190
*MCXC* |
| Korean calendar | 3523 |
| Minguo calendar | 722 before ROC
民前722年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −278 |
| Seleucid era | 1501/1502 AG |
| Thai solar calendar | 1732–1733 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴土鸡年
(female Earth-Rooster)
1316 or 935 or 163
*to*
阳金狗年
(male Iron-Dog)
1317 or 936 or 164 |

Year **1190** (**MCXC**) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

## Events

### By place

#### Byzantine Empire

* Spring  A German expeditionary force (some 15,000 men) led by Emperor Frederick I (**Barbarossa**) marches towards Constantinople, on the way to the Holy Land. Emperor Isaac II (**Angelos**), suspicious that Frederick is planning to conquer Constantinople, attempts to stop him by attacking the Crusaders. The German forces are too strong and they capture Adrianople. A peace treaty is signed by both Isaac and Frederick, that ensures the Germans are given supplies, and free passage through to Palestina.
* Isaac II starts a campaign against the Bulgarians, who claim their independence. After passing the Balkan Mountains, Isaac marches westward to besiege Tarnovo, the new Bulgarian capital. Meanwhile, the Byzantine fleet reaches the Danube River in order to block the way of Cuman reinforcements from the North. The defense of Tarnovo is led by Ivan Asen I, emperor (Tsar) of Bulgaria. After spreading rumors of the arrival of a Cuman army to relieve the city, Isaac orders to retreat to Stara Zagora.
* Battle of Tryavna: Byzantine forces under Isaac II are ambushed and defeated by the Bulgarians in a mountain pass, near Tryavna. In panic, the Byzantines break up and begin a disorganized retreat. Isaac barely escapes, his Varangian Guard has to cut a path through their own soldiers, enabling their emperor's flight from the rout. The Bulgarians capture the imperial treasure, including the golden helmet of Isaac, his crown, and the Imperial Cross which contains a wooden piece of the Holy Cross.

#### Third Crusade

* March  Frederick I leaves Adrianople to Gallipoli at the Dardanelles to embark, with the help of Byzantine transports, to cross into Asia Minor. On April 25, he enters territory of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum under the rule of Sultan Kilij Arslan II. Although promised to let the German Crusaders pass peaceably through his domains, Kilij Arslan harasses Frederick's forces with hit-and-run attacks. On May 7, a Turkish army (some 10,000 men) is defeated at the Battle of Philomelion, by 2,000 Crusaders.
* March 25  Conrad of Montferrat sails south with a Crusader fleet (some 50 ships) from Tyre. As Conrad's fleet approaches the harbour of Acre, an equally sized Muslim fleet sorties out to meet the Crusaders in open battle. Eventually, the Ayyubid fleet is blockaded (supported by Danish and Pisan ships) in the port. Acre is again cut off from reinforcements; the city's supplies are exhausted, and the Muslim garrison has to resort to eating their own beasts. In the event, troops are driven to cannibalism.
* April  After a long siege Muslim forces under Saladin capture Beaufort Castle from Reginald of Sidon who has offered to hand over the castle to Saladin on the condition that he has three months to remove his family to a place of safety. At the end of the three months, Saladin expects the castle to be handed over but finds that Reginald has used the time to strengthen the castle against a siege. He is imprisoned at Damascus – the castle's garrison finally surrenders in return for Reginald's release.
* May 5  Siege of Acre: A Crusader force under King Guy of Lusignan attacks the city with three siege engines, but all are destroyed by the Muslim defenders with Greek fire, a highly flammable liquid. An Egyptian flotilla is able to avoid the Pisan fleet (some 50 ships) and resupply the city with new provisions. Saladin launches a massive eight-day attack on the Crusaders two weeks later. Meanwhile, in the Crusader camp the conditions are deteriorating by disease and famine, among the soldiers.
* May 18  Battle of Iconium: German forces under Frederick I defeat the Seljuk army (40,000 men) in a pitched battle. They are routed, leaving the city at the mercy of the German Crusaders. Frederick does not pursue the Seljuks, because his forces have been weakened by food shortage for the previous weeks. His 23-year-old son, Frederick VI, takes Iconium (modern-day Konya) and proceeds to massacre the citizens. The Germans take booty amounting to 100,000 marks in the Turkish capital.
* June 10  Frederick I drowns while crossing (or bathing in) the Göksu River near Selucia (modern-day Silifke) in Armenian Cilicia. The German Crusaders are demoralized and exhausted by the summer heat, Frederick VI takes over the command of his father, carrying with him the emperor's body preserved in a barrel of vinegar. Some of the German nobles decide to return home with their followers; Frederick continues with his army (some 5,000 men) and eventually reaches Antioch, on June 21.
* September 24  A Crusader fleet attempts to destroy the Tower of Flies at Acre, which guards the city's harbour, by ramming vessels loaded with combustibles into it. At a critical moment, the ships collide with one another and are badly damaged. A specially built Pisan vessel resembling a floating castle and outfitted with mangonels, is set afire during a sortie from the harbour by a Muslim flotilla.
* November 24  The 18-year-old Isabella I, half-sister of Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem, marries Conrad of Montferrat at Acre making him *de facto* king of Jerusalem (as **Conrad I**). He has the support of her mother Maria Comnena and stepfather Balian of Ibelin, as well as Reginald of Sidon and other major nobles in the Crusader States.
* The Teutonic Order is founded at Acre by German knights of Lübeck and Bremen. The Order is formed to aid Christians on their pilgrimages to the Holy Land and to establish hospitals (approximate date).

#### Europe

* July 4  King Richard I (**the Lion Heart**) and Philip II (**Augustus**), meet at Vézelay and agree to divide the spoils of the Crusade equally between themselves. They march to the coast and then make their way across the Mediterranean, taking different routes. Richard travels with an expeditionary force (some 17,000 men) via Marseille and Philip travels with a smaller contingent (some 15,000 men) via Genoa. Richard has some 100 ships at his disposal, several of which are from Norman ports, others from Shoreham and Southampton.
* September  Richard I arrives in Sicily at the head of a Crusader army and demands the release of his sister Joan of England, queen of Sicily, who is held hostage by the usurper Tancred of Lecce. He also demands that Tancred fulfill the financial commitments made by the late King William II (**the Good**) to the Crusade. Tancred refuses the financial demand but he agrees to release Joan, on September 28.
* October 4  Richard I captures Messina, after looting and burning the city he establishes his base there. Richard insists that his own banner be erected over the city, but this creates tension between Richard and Philip II, who has joined him with his forces. Tancred accepts a peace agreement, and pays Richard 20,000 ounces of gold. Friendly relations are restored, Richard agrees to split the gold with Philip.
* King Henry VI, eldest son of Frederick I, grants Henry I (**the Brave**) the title of Duke of Brabant. Henry tries to expand his power and soon quarrels with Count Baldwin V, duke of Hainaut.
* December  Richard I and Philip II stay in Sicily over the winter months waiting for the weather to improve before continuing their journey to the Holy Land.
* Siege of Silves – the Almohad caliph, Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur, fails to reconquer Silves, Portugal.

#### England

* London adopts the Cross of St. George, the red cross on a white background. The flag is also used by the fleet of Genoa, and allows the ships from London to use the flag for protection when they enter the Mediterranean on trading missions.
* March 16  A massacre and mass-suicide of the Jews in York, results in the deaths of 150–500 Jews in Clifford's Tower.

### By topic

#### Art and Science

#### Education

#### Religion

## Births

## Deaths

## InfoBox

| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
| --- | --- |
| Centuries: |  |
| Decades: |  |
| Years: |  |


title: Vishwa Mohan Tiwari

abstract: Vishwa Mohan Tiwari is an Indian creative writer, advisor, poet and meditation teacher. He is the author of 17 of his own books and 9 translated books. In 1998 he received the Atmaram Award.

text:
# Vishwa Mohan Tiwari

**Vishwa Mohan Tiwari** (born February 1935) is an Indian creative writer, advisor, poet and meditation teacher. He is the author of 17 of his own books and 9 translated books. In 1998 he received the Atmaram Award.

## Personal life

Tiwari was born in Jabalpur, a city in Madhya Pradesh, India. His mother was Vimla Devi and father Har Narayan who was the principal of Hitakarni Higher Secondary School in a place called Devtaal in Garha a district in Jabalpur. His father was awarded by National teacher's award in 1972 from India's president V.V. Giri.

He got married in 1962 at age 27. His brother was the retired diplomat Yogesh Mohan Tiwari.

## Education

He has done Master of Technology (M.Tech.) in Aviation Electronic from Cranfield Institute of Technology, UK in 1966 and BE in Electronics and Telecommunication from Jabalpur Engineering College in 1956.

## Government service

Tiwari is a retired Air Vice Marshal a 2 Star Air Officer rank. He retired on 28 February 1991 and started as a writer, poet and medication teacher with that he also contributed in social servicing for 14 years from 2007 to 2014 by being a teacher and also taking the responsibility as Secretary General at Baal Vikaas Bhaaraatee (BVB).

## Awards

* 1990: Indira Gandhi National award for technical writing by Vice President of India for his book on Electronic Warfare *Electroniki Yuddh Kala* (Bhartiya Seva Sansthan, 1989)
* 1994: Awarded Indira Gandhi National award for Technical Writing by the President of India for his book in Hindi *Khaari Yuddh* (Bhartiya Seva Sansthan, 1991), and in English *The High Tech War of Twentieth century* with RK Tewari, published by Vikas Publishers, New Delhi
* 1998: Atmaram Award, awarded by the President of India for his book *The Joy of Bird Watching* in English and in Hindi *Anand Panchi Niharan Ka*

## Work

He can speak French, English and Hindi. He was editor of Authors Guild Of India's magazine for 10 years, and editor of hindi.kalkion.com from 2010 to 2014

### Books

* *Bayghar* (Anthology of Poems) -B.S.Sansthan 1987
* *Electroniki Yuddh Kalaa* ( Electronic Warfare) -B.S.Sansthan 1989
* *Saral Vedic Ganit*, B.S.Sansthan 1990
* *Zindigi Phir Phir Meray Kareeb Hai* (Travelogues) -B.S.Sansthan, Gaziabad 1991.
* *Gulf War 91* (Hindi), Bhagirath Sewa Sansthan 1991
* *The High Tech War Of Twentieth Century*, with Dr. R K Tewari, Vikas Pub 1996
* *Aanand Panchhee Nihaaran Kaa*, NBT 1998
* *Upagraha ke Baahar Bheetar*, with Dr. R K Tewari, Publications Division 2001
* *Sabsay Balawaan Kaun*, Pitambar Publication 2002
* *Joy Of Bird Watching* (English), NBT (National Book Trust) 2002
* *Bodhi Wraksha Kay Neechay* (Hindi Poems, Medha Prakashan 2003
* *Hindi Yaatraa Saahitya Kaa Itihaas*, Aalekh Prakaashan 2004
* *Vijnynaan Kaa Aanand*, Aalekh Prakaashan 2005
* *Chhawiyaan aur Chhawiyaan* (Photo – Vishwa Mohan, Poems – PratapSehgal) Kitab Ghar 2005
* *Missileman Abdul kalaam*– Vaigyanik Drishtikon, Jaipur 2009
* *Suno Manu*, Kitab Ghar, 2010
* *Nai Dishaa*, Alekha Prakaashan 2010
* *Kyaa Raamaayana men Uttarakaand Prakshep hai.*, Booklet 2011

### Translation of books

(English to Hindi = EH, Hindi to English = HE)

* *Kirnon Kaa Rahasyamaya Sansaar*, 1975 (HE)
* *Safed Raatayn Kaalay Din*, 1977 (Swedish to English to Hindi)
* *Vedic Ganit* (EH) Mathematics, Motilal Banarasi Das 1991
* *Ignis Shattered* by Divik Ramesh (HE) with A. Prakash, Writers Workshop, Kolkata. 2003
* *Bayghar* (Hindi to Uriyaa), Trans. Dr. Sudhanshu Nayak, Vidya Sagar Pub. Katak 2004
* *Five Hindi Poets* (HE) Sampark Prakaashan, 2004
* *My Favourite Stories (Children)* (EH) Pitambar Publication, Delhi 2004
* *Ek Chidiyaa Kaa Giranaa* Autobiography of Salim Ali (EH) N.B.T. 2005 (The fall of a sparrow).
* *Mat ro Ekaakee Darpan* Poems of Deepa Agarwal, 2010 (EH)


abstract: The NWA Mississippi Heavyweight Championship was a professional wrestling regional championship in Gulf Coast Championship Wrestling (GCCW). It was a secondary title, complementing the NWA Gulf Coast Heavyweight Championship, and one of several state championships recognized by the National Wrestling Alliance. The title was deactivated with the retirement of "Cowboy" Bob Kelly on September 3, 1976. There have been a total of 33 recognized champions who have had a combined 78 official reigns, with Bob Kelly holding the most at eighteen. The longest reigning champion was Lee Fields, who held the title for 281 days. The shortest reigning champion was The Avenger, who held the title for only four days.

text:
# NWA Mississippi Heavyweight Championship (Gulf Coast version)

The **NWA Mississippi Heavyweight Championship** was a professional wrestling regional championship in Gulf Coast Championship Wrestling (GCCW). It was a secondary title, complementing the NWA Gulf Coast Heavyweight Championship, and one of several state championships recognized by the National Wrestling Alliance. The title was deactivated with the retirement of "Cowboy" Bob Kelly on September 3, 1976.

There have been a total of 33 recognized champions who have had a combined 78 official reigns, with Bob Kelly holding the most at eighteen. The longest reigning champion was Lee Fields, who held the title for 281 days. The shortest reigning champion was The Avenger, who held the title for only four days.

## Key

| **Reign** | The reign number for the specific set of wrestlers listed |
| --- | --- |
| **Event** | The event promoted by the respective promotion in which the titles were won |
| N/A | The specific information is not known |
|  | Used for vacated reigns so as not to count it as an official reign |
| (n) | Indicates that a title change took place "no later than" the date listed. |
|  | Indicates that there was a period where the lineage is undocumented due to the lack of written documentation |
|

## Title history

| No. | Champion | Reign | Date | Days held | Location | Event | Notes | Ref. |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Bobby Fields | 1 | July 3, 1958 | 63 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event | Defeated The Great Malenko in a tournament final. |  |
| 2 | Mario Galento | 1 | September 4, 1958 | 5 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 3 | Tom Drake | 1 | September 9, 1958 | 56 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 4 | Lee Fields | 1 | November 4, 1958 | 56 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 5 | Joe McCarthy | 1 | December 30, 1958 | 14 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 6 | Lee Fields | 2 | January 13, 1959 | 28 | Laurel, MS | Live event | This was a boxing match. |  |
|
|  | Vacated |  | February 10, 1959 |  | Laurel, MS | Live event | Championship vacated when Lee Fields is stripped for fighting outside the ring during a title defense against Rocket Monroe and using a folding chair to attack his opponent. |  |
| 7 | Pancho Villa | 1 | March 31, 1959 | 14 | Laurel, MS | Live event | Defeated Lee Fields in a tournament final. |  |
| 8 | Lee Fields | 3 | April 14, 1959 | 35 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 9 | John Smith | 1 | May 19, 1959 | N/A | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|
|  | Vacated |  | October 1959 |  | Jackson, MS | Live event | Championship vacated following a controversial match between Lee Fields and The Mighty Yankee. |  |
| 10 | Pancho Villa | 2 | November 1959 |  | Laurel, MS | Live event | Defeated Lee Fields in a tournament final. |  |
| 11 | Lee Fields | 4 | December 15, 1959 | 70 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 12 | Joe McCarthy | 2 | February 23, 1960 |  | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
|  | Vacated |  | March 1960 |  | N/A | N/A | Championship vacated when McCarthy is stripped of the title for refusing to accept a challenge by Al Galento. |  |
| 13 | Al Galento | 1 | March 22, 1960 | 13 | Laurel, MS | Live event | Defeated Jack Curtis, Jr. to win the vacant title. |  |
| 14 | Lee Fields | 5 | April 4, 1960 | 281 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 15 | Pancho Villa | 3 | January 10, 1961 | N/A | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 16 | Dick Dunn | 1 | March 2, 1964 | N/A | Laurel, MS | Live event | Defeated Bobby Fields in a one-night 10-man tournament final. |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 17 | Bobby Fields | 2 | April 6, 1968 | 151 | N/A | N/A | Billed as champion upon arrival. |  |
| 18 | "Cowboy" Bob Kelly | 1 | September 4, 1968 | 47 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 19 | Rocket Monroe | 1 | October 21, 1968 | 61 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 20 | Bob Kelly | 2 | December 21, 1968 | 117 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 21 | Mitsu Sito |  | April 17, 1969 | 27 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 22 | Bob Boyer | 1 | May 14, 1969 | 85 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 23 | Rocket Monroe | 2 | August 7, 1969 | 21 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 24 | The Blue Yankee | 1 | August 28, 1969 | 7 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 25 | Bob Kelly | 3 | September 4, 1969 | 21 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 26 | The Blue Yankee | 2 | September 25, 1969 | 123 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 27 | Bob Kelly | 4 | January 26, 1970 | 80 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 28 | Mike Boyette | 1 | April 16, 1970 | 98 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 29 | The Blue Yankee | 3 | July 23, 1970 | 28 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 30 | Bobby Whitlock | 1 | August 20, 1970 | 28 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 31 | The Avenger | 1 | September 17, 1970 | 4 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 32 | Bob Kelly | 5 | September 21, 1970 | 35 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 33 | Rocket Monroe | 3 | October 26, 1970 | 31 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 34 | Ken Lucas | 1 | November 26, 1970 | 14 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 35 | Rocket Monroe | 4 | December 10, 1970 | 42 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 36 | Bobby Fields | 3 | January 21, 1971 |  | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
|
|  | Vacated |  | 1971 |  | N/A | N/A | Championship vacated for unknown reasons; Fields may have been forced to forfeit the title due to a pre-match stipulation when he failed to defeat Sam Bass in less than 5 minutes Hattiesburg, Mississippi on February 25, 1971. |  |
| 37 | Terry Garvin | 1 | March 18, 1971 | 7 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event | Defeated Bob Kelly in a tournament final. |  |
| 38 | Bob Kelly | 6 | March 25, 1971 | 49 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 39 | Eddie Sullivan | 1 | May 13, 1971 | 28 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 40 | Bob Kelly | 7 | June 10, 1971 | 119 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 41 | Eddie Sullivan | 2 | October 7, 1971 | 35 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 42 | Ken Lucas | 2 | November 11, 1971 | 14 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 43 | Eddie Sullivan | 3 | November 25, 1971 | 60 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 44 | Bob Kelly | 8 | January 24, 1972 | 21 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 45 | Donnie Fargo | 1 | February 14, 1972 | 31 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 46 | Bob Kelly | 9 | March 16, 1972 | 120 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 47 | The Spoiler | 1 | July 14, 1972 | 4 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 48 | Arman Hussein | 1 | July 18, 1972 |  | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
|  | Vacated |  | August 1972 |  | N/A | N/A | Championship vacated for failing to defend the title. |  |
| 49 | Gorgeous George Jr. | 1 | August 31, 1972 | 14 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event | Won a battle royal to win the vacant title. |  |
| 50 | The Spoiler | 2 | September 14, 1972 | 39 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 51 | Arman Hussein | 2 | October 23, 1972 | 24 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 52 | The Mysterious Medic | 1 | November 16, 1972 | 28 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 53 | Bob Kelly | 10 | December 14, 1972 | 35 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 54 | The Mysterious Medic | 2 | January 18, 1973 | 21 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 55 | Bob Kelly | 11 | February 8, 1973 | 63 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 56 | The Wrestling Pro | 1 | April 12, 1973 | 4 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 57 | Arman Hussein | 3 | April 16, 1973 | 59 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 58 | Rocket Monroe | 5 | June 14, 1973 | 70 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 59 | Ken Lucas | 3 | August 23, 1973 | 39 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 60 | Norvell Austin | 1 | October 1, 1973 | 24 | Laurel, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 61 | Ken Lucas | 4 | October 25, 1973 | 49 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 62 | Duke Miller | 1 | December 13, 1973 | 35 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 63 | Bob Kelly | 12 | January 17, 1974 | 98 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 64 | The Wrestling Pro | 2 | April 25, 1974 |  | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
|  | Vacated |  | June 1974 |  | N/A | N/A | Championship vacated for unknown reasons. A 10-man tournament is held in Laurel, Mississippi on July 1, 1974, however, the winner is unknown. |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 65 | Jack Donovan | 1 | August, 1974 (n) |  | Unknown | Live event |  |  |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 66 | Bob Kelly | 13 | February 20, 1975 | 14 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 67 | Chris Colt | 1 | March 6, 1975 | 7 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 68 | Bob Kelly | 14 | March 13, 1975 | 49 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 69 | Rip Tyler | 1 | May 1, 1975 | 8 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 70 | Big Bad John | 1 | May 9, 1975 | 13 | Meridian, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 71 | The Bounty Hunter #1 | 1 | May 22, 1975 | 98 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event | This was during a battle royal in which Big Bad John had been put the title on the line. |  |
| 72 | Bob Kelly | 15 | August 28, 1975 | 14 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 73 | Melvin Kimball | 1 | September 11, 1975 | 14 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
| 74 | Bob Kelly | 16 | September 25, 1975 | 84 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
|
|  | Vacated |  | December 18, 1975 |  | N/A | N/A | Championship vacated when Kelly leaves the Gulf Coast territory. |  |
| 75 | Duke Miller | 2 | January 22, 1976 | 105 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event | Defeated Eddie Sullivan in a tournament final. |  |
| 76 | Bob Kelly | 17 | May 6, 1976 | 49 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
|  | Vacated |  | June 24, 1976 |  | N/A | N/A | Title held up and a tournament is held to decide a new champion. |  |
| 77 | Sweet Daddy Banks | 1 | July 1, 1976 | 14 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event | Won an 8-man tournament to win the vacant title. |  |
| 78 | Bob Kelly | 18 | July 15, 1976 | 50 | Hattiesburg, MS | Live event |  |  |
|  | Deactivated |  | September 3, 1976 |  |  | N/A | Championship is vacated upon Bob Kelly's retirement and subsequently abandoned. |  |

## List of top combined reigns

| ¤ | The exact length of several title reigns are uncertain, so the shortest possible length is used. |
| --- | --- |
|

List of combined reigns
| Rank | Champion | No. of reigns | Combined days |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Bob Kelly | 18 | 1,065 |
| 2 | Lee Fields | 5 | 470 |
| 3 | Bobby Fields | 3 | 249 |
| 4 | Rocket Monroe | 5 | 225 |
| 5 | The Blue Yankee | 3 | 158 |
| 6 | Duke Miller | 2 | 140 |
| 7 | Eddie Sullivan | 3 | 123 |
| 8 | Ken Lucas | 4 | 116 |
| 9 | Mike Boyette | 1 | 98 |
| 10 | Bounty Hunter #1 | | 1 |
| 11 | Arman Hussein | 3 | 97 |
| 12 | Bob Boyer | 1 | 85 |
| 13 | The Wrestling Pro | 2 | 64¤ |
| 14 | Tom Drake | 1 | 56 |
| 15 | Dick Dunn | 1 | 54¤ |
| 16 | The Mysterious Medic | 2 | 49 |
| 17 | The Spoiler | 2 | 43 |
| 18 | Donnie Fargo | 1 | 31 |
| 19 | Pancho Villa | 3 | 28¤ |
| 20 | Bobby Whitlock | 1 | 28 |
| 21 | Mitsu Sito | 1 | 27 |
| 22 | Norvell Austin | 1 | 24 |
| 23 | Joe McCarthy | 2 | 23¤ |
| 24 | Gorgeous George Jr. | 1 | 14 |
| 25 | Melvin Kimball | | 1 |
| 26 | Big Bad John | 1 | 13 |
| 27 | Al Galento | | 1 |
| 28 | Rip Tyler | 1 | 8 |
| 29 | Terry Garvin | 1 | 7 |
| 30 | Chris Colt | | 1 |
| 31 | Mario Galento | 1 | 5 |
| 32 | The Avenger | 1 | 4 |
| 33 | John Smith | 1 | N/A |

## Footnotes

**General**

* Royal Duncan and Gary Will (2000). "United States: Mississippi". *Wrestling Title Histories*. Archeus Communications. p. 229. ISBN 0-9698161-5-4.
* "NWA Mississippi Heavyweight Title (Gulf Coast)". *Wrestling-Titles.com*. Puroresu Dojo. 2003.
* Norris, Mike (2004). "Regional Territories: GCCW". *KayfabeMemories.com*.

**Specific**

1. "Bobby Fields Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
2. "Mario Galento Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
3. Hoops, Brian (April 17, 2020). "Daily pro wrestling (04/17): WCW Spring Stampede 1994". *Wrestling Observer Newsletter*. Retrieved April 17, 2020.
4. "Bob Boyer Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
5. "Curtis Smith Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
6. "Mike Boyette Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
7. Schwarz, H.K. (2014). "Ken Lucas Biography". *Pro Wrestling Historical Society*.
8. Martinez, Ryan (May 13, 2009). "This day in history: The Boston Garden's last show, NWA and TNA split, U.S. title tournament and more". *PWInsider.com*.
9. Hoops, Brian (May 13, 2015). "On this day in pro wrestling history (May 13): Rick Martel wins AWA gold, Kurt Angle wins TNA title, Nash & Hall beat one man to win tag titles". *F4Wonline.com*. Wrestling Observer/Figure Four Weekly.
10. Gallipoli, Thomas M. (February 29, 2008). "Specialist: List of Deceased Wrestlers for 2000 - Solie, Albright, Duncum, Tsuruta, Blue Demon, Al Costello". *PWTorch.com*. Pro Wrestling Torch.
11. Norris, Mike (2004). "GCCW #6 Page #2". *KayfabeMemories.com*.
12. Martinez, Ryan (January 24, 2008). "THIS DAY IN HISTORY: THESZ VS. ROGERS SETS THE STAGE FOR THE BIRTH OF THE WWWF, MCMAHON WINS THE RUMBLE, BUNKHOUSE STAMPEDE ON PPV, JIM ROSS DAY". *PWInsider.com*.
13. "Don Fargo Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
14. Martinez, Ryan (March 16, 2008). "THIS DAY IN HISTORY: WCW UNCENSORED, KINISKI WINS MISSOURI TITLE, ATLAS DEFEATS HOGAN AND MORE". *PWInsider.com*.
15. Oliver, Greg (January 10, 2008). "The mystery of Arman Hussian". *Canadian Online Explorer*. SLAM! Sports. Archived from the original on November 6, 2015.
16. Martinez, Ryan (August 31, 2008). "THIS DAY IN HISTORY: UK SUMMERSLAM AIRS, NITRO RUNS UNOPPOSED, SEVEN TITLE BELTS IN ONE MATCH AND MORE". *PWInsider.com*.
17. Hoops, Brian (August 31, 2015). "On this day in pro wrestling history (August 31): Jerry Lawler vs. Don Bass hair vs. title cage match, lots of Memphis history". *F4Wonline.com*. Wrestling Observer/Figure Four Weekly.
18. Hoops, Brian (January 18, 2019). "Pro wrestling history (01/18): Ivan Koloff defeats Bruno Sammartino for WWWF title". *Wrestling Observer Figure Four Online*. Retrieved January 18, 2019.
19. Johnson, Mike (February 8, 2012). "2/8 THIS DAY IN HISTORY: PEDRO MORALES WINS WWF TITLE, RING OF HONOR FIRST ANNIVERSARY RIOT AND MORE". *PWInsider.com*.
20. Hoops, Brian (February 8, 2016). "Daily pro wrestling history (02/08): Randy Savage wins the WWF IC Title". *F4Wonline.com*. Wrestling Observer/Figure Four Weekly.
21. Johnson, Mike (April 12, 2012). "4/12 THIS DAY IN HISTORY". *PWInsider.com*.
22. "Masked Classic: The Wrestling Pro". *Sumo Nova*. September 26, 2006.
23. Johnson, Mike (August 23, 2011). "8/23 THIS DAY IN HISTORY". *PWInsider.com*.
24. Hoops, Brian (August 23, 2015). "On this day in pro wrestling history (August 23): HHH downs Mankind to win WWF title, CM Punk wins WWE World title in TLC match". *F4Wonline.com*. Wrestling Observer/Figure Four Weekly.
25. "Norvell Austin Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
26. Johnson, Mike (December 13, 2014). "12/13 THIS DAY IN HISTORY: AWA SUPERCLASH 3 UNIFIES WORLD CLASS AND AWA TITLES". *PWInsider.com*.
27. Hoops, Brian (January 17, 2019). "Pro wrestling history (01/17): Vader wins IWGP heavyweight title". *Wrestling Observer Figure Four Online*. Retrieved January 18, 2019.
28. "Chris Colt Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
29. "Rip Tyler Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
30. "Big Bad John Profile". Online World of Wrestling.
31. Johnson, Mike (January 22, 2015). "1/22 THIS DAY IN HISTORY: CHAVO'S BIGGEST WWE WIN, BACKLUND VS. STUDD IN NYC, HBK WINS FIRST RUMBLE, RUMBLE'S ONLY TIE, BLACKWELL PASSES AWAY AND MORE". *PWInsider.com*.
32. F4W Staff (May 6, 2015). "On this day in pro wrestling history (May 6): Verne Gagne Vs. Danny Hodge, 1st Annual Von Erich Parade of Champions show". Wrestling Observer Figure Four Online. Retrieved February 10, 2017.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
33. Martinez, Ryan (July 15, 2011). "7/15 THIS DAY IN HISTORY". *PWInsider.com*.
34. Hoops, Brian (July 15, 2015). "On this day in pro wrestling history (July 15): Brock Lesnar stripped of IWGP title, CZW vs. ROH". *F4Wonline.com*. Wrestling Observer/Figure Four Weekly.

## InfoBox

| NWA Mississippi Heavyweight Championship | |
| --- | --- |
| Details | |
| Promotion | Gulf Coast Championship Wrestling |
| Date established | July 3, 1958 |
| Date retired | September 3, 1976 |
| Statistics  First champion(s) Bobby Fields  Final champion(s) Bob Kelly  Most reigns Bob Kelly (18)  Longest reign Lee Fields (281 days)  Shortest reign The Wrestling Pro/The Spoiler (4 days) | |


title: Lessos

abstract: Lessos, also referred to as Ol'lessos, is an agricultural settlement located in Nandi county situated in the Rift Valley, Kenya. The settlements population was 2,438 as of 2019. The settlement is located along the C36, a major road connecting the A104 and the C39. The postal code for Lessos is 30314.

text:
# Lessos

**Lessos**, also referred to as **Ol'lessos**, is an agricultural settlement located in Nandi county situated in the Rift Valley, Kenya. The settlements population was 2,438 as of 2019.

The settlement is located along the C36, a major road connecting the A104 (Eldoret-Nakuru highway) and the C39 (Eldoret-Kapsabet highway). The postal code for Lessos is 30314.

## Economy

The Ollessos Technical Training Institute is the primary employer in the center.

Other major employers in Lessos include the National Cereals Produce Board which has a warehouse of 4,500Mt capacity in the center, New KCC which has a cooling plant in Lessos and Ketraco which has a 400kv electricity substation located in the town as part of the Olkaria–Lessos–Kisumu High Voltage Power Line.

Other employers include an Access Bank branch, a post office, and small scale service providers such as shops, butcheries, furniture makers, cafes, restaurants and bars.

0°12′17″N 35°17′53″E / 0.20472°N 35.29806°E / 0.20472; 35.29806


title: The Imperial Cruise

abstract: The Imperial Cruise is a non-fiction book authored by James Bradley. In the book Bradley examines American policy in the Pacific during the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, and a surrounding a secret diplomatic/Congressional mission to Asia conceived by Roosevelt which would affect United States involvement in Asia. The material also covers a wide array of other cultural factors that loosely relate to this, the largest diplomatic delegation ever sent to Asia in U.S. history. The book asserts that Roosevelt's diplomatic mistakes constituted the original encouragement for the Japanese imperialism that ultimately backfired on the United States and led to the war in the Pacific, and acted as a catalyst in the fomentation of many subsequent events in Asia, including the Chinese Communist Revolution, the Korean War, and even the current state of U.S.-Asia affairs today in the 21st century. In support of the book's themes, Bradley presents evidence in the form of Roosevelt's personal letters and pictures. Nevertheless, the book's historical accuracy has proved controversial, with some historians, specialists and reviewers pointing out Bradley's methods as faulty.

text:
# The Imperial Cruise

***The Imperial Cruise*** is a non-fiction book authored by James Bradley. In the book Bradley examines American policy in the Pacific during the presidency of Theodore Roosevelt, and a surrounding a secret diplomatic/Congressional mission to Asia conceived by Roosevelt which would affect United States involvement in Asia. The material also covers a wide array of other cultural factors that loosely relate to this, the largest diplomatic delegation ever sent to Asia in U.S. history. The book asserts that Roosevelt's diplomatic mistakes constituted the original encouragement for the Japanese imperialism that ultimately backfired on the United States and led to the war in the Pacific, and acted as a catalyst in the fomentation of many subsequent events in Asia, including the Chinese Communist Revolution, the Korean War, and even the current state of U.S.-Asia affairs today in the 21st century. In support of the book's themes, Bradley presents evidence in the form of Roosevelt's personal letters and pictures. Nevertheless, the book's historical accuracy has proved controversial, with some historians, specialists and reviewers pointing out Bradley's methods as faulty.

## Synopsis

The book centers on the diplomatic mission of the SS *Manchuria* sent by President Theodore Roosevelt in the summer of 1905. On board was the largest diplomatic mission delegation in U.S. history, including some of the highest profile political figures of the time. They included Secretary of War (and future President) William Howard Taft; Roosevelt's daughter, Alice Roosevelt; her future husband, Congressman (and later Speaker of the House) Nicholas Longworth; along with 29 other members of the House and Senate, and their wives; and an array of additional high-ranking military and civilian officials.

After his initial description and introduction of the *SS Manchuria's* voyage, the author explores brief excerpts of the history behind the period's American domestic and foreign policy, elaborating on its influence, motivation, and consequences, specifically in regard to American-Japanese, Sino-Japanese, and Russo-Japanese relations.

More broadly, Bradley explores his contention relating to how deep-set racial tendencies, biases and racially deterministic philosophies fueled and undergirded virtually all U.S. foreign and domestic policy-making in that era pertaining to U.S. relations with other nations and to populations of other racial, cultural or religious heritages. This included virtually all peoples of non-Teutonic Anglo-Saxon descent, and resulted, for example, in the slaughter of more than 250,000 Filipinos during the U.S. colonial take-over of the Philippines.

It is Bradley's contention that the actions of one Roosevelt, and the diplomatic cruise in the summer of 1905, lit that fuse that would doom more than 100,000 U.S. military to die in the Pacific theater decades later under another Roosevelt in the 1940s. Through what Bradley describes as their "bumbling diplomacy", he describes how Teddy Roosevelt and his emissary Taft turned previously friendly Japanese sentiment, against the United States.

## Critical reception

*The Imperial Cruise* has received mixed reviews. Writing for *The New York Times* Review of Books, Janet Maslin noted that "*The Imperial Cruise* is startling enough to reshape conventional wisdom about Roosevelt's presidency". At the same time, she criticized the author, which favors "broad strokes and may at times be overly eager to connect historical dots, but he also produces graphic, shocking evidence of the attitudes that his book describes."

*USA Today* was neutral, calling it useful for readers who think that history "is the story of good guys and bad guys", and expressing disappointment with the "relentlessly sarcastic" tone and lack of ambiguity. Chiefly, *USA Today* noted an unresolved historical issue at the heart of Bradley's thesis, which argues that Japan was inspired by the visit of the U.S. delegation to pursue imperialistic expansion in 1905, when Japan had no such ambitions. Bradley's book argues that it was the American delegation's seminal influence that both inspired Japanese imperialistic adventurism, including eventually and ironically, their attack on Pearl Harbor, and also continuing tensions between the United States and Asian nations. While Bradley argues that "The U.S. Army had brought the Aryan to the Pacific coast", *USA Today* cited his failure to explain how "in the 1930s, imperial Japan would act on the secret words of a man dead for more than a decade and out of office since 1909."

Scholars such as M. Patrick Cullinane of Northumbria University rejects Bradley's main themes as extreme exaggerations based on misinterpretations. He says the treatment of Roosevelt is "grossly unfair" and Bradley ignores the Asian role in the multiple catastrophes blamed on Roosevelt.

Professor William N. Tilchin of Boston University attacks "Bradley's stupendously faulty analysis, *The Imperial Cruise* is a profoundly ignorant book even on the basic level of undisputed objective facts." He writes:

The pomposity and the utter absurdity of *The Imperial Cruise* are starkly previewed in a single sentence in the book's sixth paragraph: "This book reveals that behind \[Roosevelt's\] Asian whispers that critical summer of 1905 was a very big stick—the bruises from which would catalyze World War II in the Pacific, the Chinese Communist Revolution, the Korean War, and an array of tensions that inform our lives today." (24) This grandiose, ridiculous assertion is made without even the remotest understanding of Theodore Roosevelt's diplomacy or of either U.S. foreign policy or internal Japanese developments between 1905 and 1941. The central notion that TR "gave" Korea to Japan—when Japan actually had previously secured control of Korea—is preposterous and, moreover, completely fails to explore the president's main alternative to endorsing Japanese rule: TR could have gratuitously antagonized Japan over this matter, thereby endangering the U.S. position in the Philippines and, more generally, signaling the Japanese that they should view the United States as a hostile rival.

Currently, *The Imperial Cruise* holds a 3.4/5 rating on LibraryThing.

## Other works by James Bradley

## InfoBox

The Imperial Cruise
| Front cover | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | James Bradley |
| Language | English |
| Genre | history
non-fiction
historical revisionism |
| Publisher | Back Bay Books / Little, Brown and Company |
| Publication date | November 24, 2009 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | print (hardback & paperback) |
| Pages | 400 pp (paperback) |
| ISBN | 978-0-316-00895-2 (hardback) / ISBN 978-0-316-01400-7 (paperback) |


title: 1860 Portuguese legislative election

text:
# 1860 Portuguese legislative election

Legislative elections were held in Portugal on 1 January 1860.

## Parties

## Results

|  | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Party | Votes | % | Seats |
| Regenerator Party |  | 91.0% | 162 |
| Historic Party |  | 8.0% | 15 |
| *Miguelistas* |  | 1.0% | 2 |
| **Total** |  | 100.0% | **179** |
| Registered voters/turnout | 310,494 |  |
| Note: Table incomplete. | | | |
| Source: | | | |

| Parliamentary seats   Regenerator  90.50%  Historic  8.38%  Miguelists  1.11% |
| --- |

## Notes and references

## InfoBox

1860 Portuguese legislative election
| --- | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| ---  179 seats to the Chamber of Deputies
90 seats needed for a majority | |
| First party Second party Third party   Leader Fontes Pereira de Melo 1st Duke of Loulé   Party Regenerator Historic Miguelist  Leader since 1856 1852   Last election 22 seats 138 seats 2 seats  Seats won 162 15 2  Seats after  140  123   Percentage 91% 8% 1%  Swing  76%  77% | |
| ---  **Prime Minister before election**
1st Duke of Terceira
Regenerator **Prime Minister after election**
1st Duke of Terceira
Regenerator | |


title: Noel Sickles

abstract: Noel Douglas Sickles was an American commercial illustrator and cartoonist, best known for the comic strip Scorchy Smith. Sickles was born in Chillicothe, Ohio. Largely self-taught, his career began as a political cartoonist for the Ohio State Journal in the late 1920s. At that time he met and shared a studio with cartoonist Milton Caniff, then working for the Columbus Dispatch. Sickles followed Caniff, creator of the Terry and the Pirates comic strip, to New York City in 1933, where both men initially worked as staff artists for the Associated Press.

text:
# Noel Sickles

**Noel Douglas Sickles** (January 24, 1910  October 3, 1982) was an American commercial illustrator and cartoonist, best known for the comic strip *Scorchy Smith*.

Sickles was born in Chillicothe, Ohio. Largely self-taught, his career began as a political cartoonist for the *Ohio State Journal* in the late 1920s. At that time he met and shared a studio with cartoonist Milton Caniff, then working for the *Columbus Dispatch*. Sickles followed Caniff, creator of the *Terry and the Pirates* comic strip, to New York City in 1933, where both men initially worked as staff artists for the Associated Press.

## *Scorchy Smith*

Sickles was assigned to the action/adventure comic *Scorchy Smith*, whose creator, John Terry, was suffering from tuberculosis. Loosely modeled on Charles Lindbergh, Scorchy was a pilot-for-hire who flew into numerous high-octane globe-trotting adventures. The series, which started in 1930, was heavily influenced by Roy Crane’s adventure strip *Wash Tubbs*. Sickles initially illustrated the strip as a ghost artist, but he signed his own name after Terry's 1934 death.

Sickles' artwork was much admired and proved highly influential to other comic strip artists. His compositions were cinematic in style, and he had a brisk, impressionistic style of inking that he referred to as "chiaroscuro." Sickles also was adept in his application of the shading medium Zipatone. Sickles and Caniff worked together for two years, sometimes writing and drawing each other's strips. Caniff acknowledged being heavily influenced by Sickles.

Acknowledging Sickles' influence on his own work, cartoonist Alex Toth described him as an "illustrator/reporter" who "didn't exaggerate. He didn't cartoon things. He played it straight!"

John Romita also recognized the importance of Sickle's work: "Toth loosened everybody up and got everybody wide awake. They all discovered Scorchy Smith. They discovered Sickles because Toth maybe had 300 dailies of Noel Sickles in a stack of Photostats. People were copying from that stack of Photostats, and handing them out to each other. The whole industry was using those Scorchy Smith dailies. And that’s when I found out that Caniff and Sickles had developed that style together. We all sprang from that. I think it lit a fire under the whole industry."

## Magazine illustration

Sickles asked the Associated Press for a salary raise in 1936, and when he was turned down, he quit, becoming a successful commercial illustrator. He also ghosted the daily strip *The Adventures of Patsy*, but otherwise the rest of his career was devoted to magazine illustration. For *Life*, he illustrated the original publications of *The Old Man and the Sea* and *The Bridges at Toko-Ri*.

## Awards and reprints

He received the National Cartoonists Society's Advertising and Illustration Award for 1960 and 1962. His *Scorchy Smith* strips were reprinted in *Famous Funnies* and in two collections published by Nostalgia Press in the 1970s. The end of his run was reprinted in *Big Fun Comics* (published by American Comic Archive) which also published Bert Christman's run on the strip. In 2008 IDW Publishing published *Scorchy Smith and the Art of Noel Sickles*, which reprints the complete 1933–36 run of *Scorchy Smith* by Sickles. ISBN 1-60010-206-9 He received the Inkpot Award in 1976.

In 1983, Sickles was posthumously inducted into the Society of Illustrators Hall of Fame.

## Death

Sickles died in Tucson, Arizona, on October 3, 1982. Sickles was interred in Grandview Cemetery, Chillicothe, Ross County, Ohio.

## InfoBox

| Noel Sickles | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | Noel Douglas Sickles
(1910-01-24)January 24, 1910
Chillicothe, Ohio |
| Died | October 3, 1982(1982-10-03) (aged 72)
Tucson, Arizona |
| Occupation | Cartoonist |
| Known for | *Scorchy Smith* |
| Awards | National Cartoonists Society's Advertising and Illustration Award, 1960 and 1962
Society of Illustrators Hall of Fame |


title: M. Amin Arnaout

abstract: M. Amin Arnaout is a Lebanese physician-scientist and nephrologist best known for seminal discoveries in the biology and structure of integrin receptors. He is Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and Physician, former Chief of Nephrology, and Director of the Leukocyte Biology and Inflammation Laboratory at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).

text:
# M. Amin Arnaout

**M. Amin Arnaout** is a Lebanese physician-scientist and nephrologist best known for seminal discoveries in the biology and structure of integrin receptors. He is Professor of Medicine at Harvard Medical School and Physician, former Chief of Nephrology, and Director of the Leukocyte Biology and Inflammation Laboratory at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH).

## Research

Arnaout’s research on the biology and structure of integrins has led to scientific observations that span the entire spectrum from gene discovery to 3-dimensional protein structure to clinical translation. He described an inherited deficiency in leukocyte adhesion in a lead article in the New England Journal of Medicine; defined the biochemical and molecular basis of this disease, which he traced to a deficiency in a family of leukocyte surface glycoprotein receptors, now known as leukocyte β2 integrins and elucidated the role of these cell adhesion molecules in the immune system. He was also the first to determine the crystal structures of integrins. His molecular and structural studies in integrins were instrumental in understanding the processes involved in organ development, maintenance of organ architecture and homeostasis in the adult, cancer growth and metastasis, and the response of organs to acute and chronic inflammatory or autoimmune injury. For example, in the kidney, integrins are now known to be critical in maintaining the kidney filtration barrier thus preventing loss of blood and proteins in the urine, and also mediate the respiratory distress observed in kidney failure patients when hemodialyzed using cuprophane membranes. Arnaout's current research aims at translating his discoveries in integrin biology and structure into novel and safer drugs for treating inflammatory, thrombotic, fibrotic and autoimmune diseases and cancer, using structure-based drug design.

His research on cell adhesion and integrins has been described as "concomitantly advancing the field one enormous stride," as "one of those spectacular results that will change a field", a "MIDAS touch to cell signaling" and has been featured in the lay press including the New York Times. His two research papers published in the journal Science are the two most quoted in the integrin field for the past 20 years.

Arnaout was the first to show that C3 nephritic factor is an autoantibody to the complement C3bBb convertase that activates the alternative complement pathway, a finding that suggested the potential of B cell or complement C5 depletion as adjunct therapies in certain forms of kidney inflammation. He was also the first to identify the antigen targeted by autoantibodies in patients with systemic vasculitis, which formed the basis for a routinely used diagnostic assay. He was the first to show that polycystin-1, one of two gene products mutated in patients with Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD), is required for the structural integrity of blood vessels, indicating that the early onset of high blood pressure and presence of vascular aneurysms in ADPKD is caused by a primary defect in vascular polycystin-1. In collaborative studies, he also showed that polycystin-2, the other gene product defective in ADPKD, is a TRP-like calcium channel, providing new insights into the molecular pathogenesis of ADPKD.

## InfoBox

| M. Amin Arnaout | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Sidon, Lebanon |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | American University of Beirut |
| Known for | Cell adhesion, Integrins, Inflammation |
| Awards | Kuwait Prize (2017)
Homer W. Smith Award (2018)
Visionary Award in Nephrology (2023) |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Biology, Immunology, Medicine, Nephrology, Structural Biology |
| Institutions | Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School
Children's Hospital Boston
Johns Hopkins University |
| Academic advisors | Harvey R. Colten |
|  | |
| Website | www.massgeneral.org |


title: 1190 AM

abstract: The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency 1190 kHz: 1190 AM is a United States and Mexican clear-channel frequency. KEX in Portland, Oregon, and XEWK in Guadalajara, Jalisco, share Class A status of 1190 kHz. WOWO, in Fort Wayne, Indiana, is a former Class A station on this frequency but was reduced to Class B when it downgraded its nighttime power in 1999.

text:
# 1190 AM

The following radio stations broadcast on AM frequency **1190 kHz**: 1190 AM is a United States and Mexican clear-channel frequency. KEX in Portland, Oregon, and XEWK in Guadalajara, Jalisco, share Class A status of 1190 kHz. WOWO, in Fort Wayne, Indiana, is a former Class A station on this frequency but was reduced to Class B when it downgraded its nighttime power in 1999.

## In Argentina

* LRA15 Nacional in San Miguel de Tucuman
* LR9 in Buenos Aires

## In Canada

## In Mexico

Stations in **bold** are clear-channel stations.

## In the United States

Stations in **bold** are clear-channel stations.

| Call sign | City of license | Facility ID | Class | Daytime power (kW) | Nighttime power (kW) | Critical hours power (kW) | Transmitter coordinates |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| KASZ | White Hall, Arkansas | 161393 | B | 25 | 0.35 |  | 34°17′01″N 92°07′39″W / 34.283611°N 92.1275°W / 34.283611; -92.1275 (KASZ - 25 kW daytime, 0.35 kW nighttime) |
| KDAO | Marshalltown, Iowa | 46754 | D | 0.25 | 0.02 |  | 42°04′17″N 92°55′19″W / 42.071389°N 92.921944°W / 42.071389; -92.921944 (KDAO - 0.25 kW daytime, 0.02 kW nighttime) |
| KDMR | Kansas City, Missouri | 4373 | B | 5 | 0.5 |  | 39°03′49″N 94°30′37″W / 39.063611°N 94.510278°W / 39.063611; -94.510278 (KDMR - 5 kW daytime, 0.5 kW nighttime) |
| KDYA | Vallejo, California | 54263 | D | 3 |  |  | 38°08′03″N 122°25′32″W / 38.134167°N 122.425556°W / 38.134167; -122.425556 (KDYA - 3 kW daytime) |
| **KEX** | Portland, Oregon | 11271 | A | 50 | 50 |  | 45°25′20″N 122°33′57″W / 45.422222°N 122.565833°W / 45.422222; -122.565833 (KEX - 50 kW daytime, 50 kW nighttime) |
| KFXR | Dallas, Texas | 25375 | B | 50 | 5 |  | 32°47′10″N 96°57′00″W / 32.786111°N 96.95°W / 32.786111; -96.95 (KFXR - 50 kW daytime) (daytime)<br>32°53′57″N 96°24′47″W / 32.899167°N 96.413056°W / 32.899167; -96.413056 (KFXR - 5 kW nighttime) (nighttime) |
| KGBN | Anaheim, California | 2194 | B | 20 | 1.3 |  | 33°56′42″N 117°51′44″W / 33.945°N 117.862222°W / 33.945; -117.862222 (KGBN - 20 kW daytime, 1.3 kW nighttime) |
| KKOJ | Jackson, Minnesota | 35056 | D | 5 |  |  | 43°31′45″N 95°00′05″W / 43.529167°N 95.001389°W / 43.529167; -95.001389 (KKOJ - 5 kW daytime) |
| KNUV | Tolleson, Arizona | 29019 | B | 5 | 0.25 |  | 33°26′42″N 112°15′54″W / 33.445°N 112.265°W / 33.445; -112.265 (KNUV - 5 kW daytime, 0.25 kW nighttime) |
| KREB | Gentry, Arkansas | 30935 | D | 3 |  |  | 36°23′18″N 94°11′34″W / 36.388333°N 94.192778°W / 36.388333; -94.192778 (KREB - 3 kW daytime) |
| KVCU | Boulder, Colorado | 48965 | D | 6.8 | 0.11 | 5 | 39°57′53″N 105°14′07″W / 39.964722°N 105.235278°W / 39.964722; -105.235278 (KVCU - 6.8 kW daytime, 0.11 kW nighttime, 5 kW critical hours) |
| KVSV | Beloit, Kansas | 60773 | D | 2.3 | 0.09 |  | 39°26′53″N 98°04′45″W / 39.448056°N 98.079167°W / 39.448056; -98.079167 (KVSV - 2.3 kW daytime, 0.09 kW nighttime) |
| KXKS | Albuquerque, New Mexico | 13789 | D | 10 | 0.024 |  | 35°03′04″N 106°38′34″W / 35.051111°N 106.642778°W / 35.051111; -106.642778 (KXKS - 10 kW daytime, 0.024 kW nighttime) |
| WAFS | Atlanta, Georgia | 72111 | D | 25 |  |  | 33°48′34″N 84°21′14″W / 33.809444°N 84.353889°W / 33.809444; -84.353889 (WAFS - 25 kW daytime) |
| WAMT | Pine Castle-Sky Lake, Florida | 15877 | B | 4.7 | 0.23 |  | 28°28′00″N 81°22′29″W / 28.466667°N 81.374722°W / 28.466667; -81.374722 (WAMT - 4.7 kW daytime, 0.23 kW nighttime) |
| WBMJ | San Juan, Puerto Rico | 8440 | B | 10 | 5 |  | 18°21′00″N 66°06′50″W / 18.35°N 66.113889°W / 18.35; -66.113889 (WBMJ - 10 kW daytime, 5 kW nighttime) |
| WEUV | Moulton, Alabama | 43896 | D | 2.5 |  |  | 34°28′55″N 87°18′04″W / 34.481944°N 87.301111°W / 34.481944; -87.301111 (WEUV - 2.5 kW daytime) |
| WIXE | Monroe, North Carolina | 43533 | D | 5 | 0.07 |  | 34°57′41″N 80°32′40″W / 34.961389°N 80.544444°W / 34.961389; -80.544444 (WIXE - 5 kW daytime, 0.07 kW nighttime) |
| WJPJ | Humboldt, Tennessee | 6582 | D | 0.42 |  |  | 35°50′41″N 88°54′08″W / 35.844722°N 88.902222°W / 35.844722; -88.902222 (WJPJ - 0.42 kW daytime) |
| WLIB | New York, New York | 28204 | B | 10 | 30 |  | 40°47′48″N 74°06′06″W / 40.796667°N 74.101667°W / 40.796667; -74.101667 (WLIB - 10 kW daytime, 30 kW nighttime) |
| WMEJ | Bay St. Louis, Mississippi | 25961 | D | 5 |  |  | 30°19′25″N 89°21′03″W / 30.323611°N 89.350833°W / 30.323611; -89.350833 (WMEJ - 5 kW daytime) |
| WNWC | Sun Prairie, Wisconsin | 17381 | D | 4.8 | 0.021 |  | 43°09′36″N 89°12′55″W / 43.16°N 89.215278°W / 43.16; -89.215278 (WNWC - 4.8 kW daytime, 0.021 kW nighttime) |
| WOWO | Fort Wayne, Indiana | 28205 | B | 50 | 9.8 |  | 40°59′47″N 85°21′06″W / 40.996389°N 85.351667°W / 40.996389; -85.351667 (WOWO - 50 kW daytime, 9.8 kW nighttime) |
| WPSP | Royal Palm Beach, Florida | 23822 | B | 0.69 | 0.41 |  | 26°49′01″N 80°15′07″W / 26.816944°N 80.251944°W / 26.816944; -80.251944 (WPSP - 0.69 kW daytime, 0.41 kW nighttime) |
| WPVW | Wabasha, Minnesota | 54624 | D | 1 |  |  | 44°20′46″N 91°58′41″W / 44.346111°N 91.978056°W / 44.346111; -91.978056 (WPVW - 1 kW daytime) |
| WSDE | Cobleskill, New York | 4002 | D | 1 | 0.02 |  | 42°41′26″N 74°26′40″W / 42.690556°N 74.444444°W / 42.690556; -74.444444 (WSDE - 1 kW daytime, 0.02 kW nighttime) |
| WSDQ | Dunlap, Tennessee | 67280 | D | 5 |  | 1 | 35°21′41″N 85°22′33″W / 35.361389°N 85.375833°W / 35.361389; -85.375833 (WSDQ - 5 kW daytime, 1 kW critical hours) |
| WTSD | Leesburg, Virginia | 54876 | B | 50 | 1.2 |  | 39°02′28″N 77°26′42″W / 39.041111°N 77.445°W / 39.041111; -77.445 (WTSD - 50 kW daytime, 1.2 kW nighttime) |
| WVUS | Grafton, West Virginia | 64661 | D | 4.5 | 0.022 |  | 39°21′02″N 80°02′38″W / 39.350556°N 80.043889°W / 39.350556; -80.043889 (WVUS - 4.5 kW daytime, 0.022 kW nighttime) |
| WWIO | St. Marys, Georgia | 38286 | D | 1.8 |  |  | 30°45′47″N 81°36′39″W / 30.763056°N 81.610833°W / 30.763056; -81.610833 (WWIO - 1.8 kW daytime) |


title: Nógrádszakál

abstract: Nógrádszakál is a village and commune in Nógrád County, Hungary with 636 inhabitants (2015).

text:
# Nógrádszakál

**Nógrádszakál** is a village and commune in Nógrád County, Hungary with 636 inhabitants (2015).

## InfoBox

| Nógrádszakál | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Location of Nógrádszakál | |
| Coordinates: 48°10′52″N 19°31′32″E / 48.18111°N 19.52556°E / 48.18111; 19.52556 | |
| Country | Hungary |
| Statistical large region | Great Plain and North |
| Region | Northern Hungary |
| County | Nógrád |
| Subregion | Szécsényi |
| Government | |
| Mayor | Judit Radvánszky |
| Area | |
| Total | 18.79 km2 (7.25 sq mi) |
| Population (2015) | |
| Total | 636 |
| Density | 3,151/km2 (8,160/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 3187 |
| Area code | 32 |
| Website |  |


title: Vishwa Mohan Bhatt

abstract: Vishwa Mohan Bhatt, known professionally as V. M. Bhatt, is an Indian Hindustani classical music instrumentalist who plays the Mohan veena.

text:
# Vishwa Mohan Bhatt

**Vishwa Mohan Bhatt**, known professionally as **V. M. Bhatt**, is an Indian Hindustani classical music instrumentalist who plays the Mohan veena (slide guitar).

## Personal life

Bhatt lives in Jaipur, Rajasthan, India, with his wife and two sons. His elder son Salil Bhatt is a Mohan veena player (and also a player of the *Satvik veena*). His younger son Saurabh Bhatt is a Music Composer who has composed music for films, music albums and TV serials. Bhatt's parents, Manmohan Bhatt and Chandrakala Bhatt were teaching and performing musicians, who imparted knowledge of music to V.M Bhatt. His nephew, Krishna Bhatt, plays the sitar and tabla. He is the younger brother of Manju Mehta who is co-founder of Saptak School of Music at Ahmedabad and a trained disciple of Pandit Ravi Shankar.

## Career

Bhatt is best known for his Grammy award winning album *A Meeting by the River* with Ry Cooder released on Water Lily Acoustics label. He is also known for other fusion and pan-cultural collaborations with Western artists such as Taj Mahal, Béla Fleck and Jerry Douglas. Exposure such as an appearance on the 2004 Crossroads Guitar Festival, organized by Eric Clapton, allowed his playing to reach a larger audience. In 2016, he performed a duet that has been released online with Kapil Srivastava, another leading Indian guitarist and the founder of Guitarmonk

The folk musician Harry Manx, who studied with Salil Bhatt for five years, plays a Mohan veena. Counting Crows' bassist Matt Malley also plays a Mohan veena and is a student and friend of Bhatt. Australian musician Lawrie Minson also learned Mohan veena from Salil.

## Select discography

## Awards

## Further reading

* Hunt, Ken (Oct. 1994) "A straight Bhatt ... the Grammy-winning, Cooder-collaborating inventor of the Mohan Vina" *Folk Roots*, Oct. 1994; pp. 42–45

## InfoBox

| Vishwa Mohan Bhatt | |
| --- | --- |
| Bhatt in 2017 | |
| Background information | |
| Also known as | V. M. Bhatt |
| Origin | Jaipur, Rajasthan, India |
| Genres | Indian classical music |
| Occupation | Musician |
| Instruments |  |
| Years active | 1965present |
|  | |
| Website | www.vishwamohanbhatt.com |