abstract: The 1987 Women's European Volleyball Championship was the fifteenth edition of the event, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in several cities in Belgium from 25 September to 3 October 1987, with the final round held in Ghent.

text:
# 1987 Women's European Volleyball Championship

The **1987 Women's European Volleyball Championship** was the fifteenth edition of the event, organised by Europe's governing volleyball body, the Confédération Européenne de Volleyball. It was hosted in several cities in Belgium from 25 September to 3 October 1987, with the final round held in Ghent.

## Participating teams

## Format

The tournament was played in two different stages. In the first stage, the twelve participants were divided in two groups of six teams each. A single round-robin format was played within each group to determine the teams' group position. The second stage of the tournament consisted of three sets of semifinals to determine the tournament final ranking. The group stage firsts and seconds played the semifinals for 1st to 4th place, group stage thirds and fourths played the 5th to 8th place semifinals and group stage fifths and sixths played the 9th to 12th semifinals. The pairing of the semifinals was made so teams played against the opposite group teams which finished in a different position (1st played against 2nd, 3rd played against 4th and 5th played against 6th).

## Pools composition

| Pool A | Pool B |
| --- | --- |
| Czechoslovakia | Belgium |
| Italy | Bulgaria |
| Netherlands | East Germany |
| Poland | France |
| Soviet Union | Hungary |
| West Germany | Romania |

## Squads

## Venues

| Pool A | Pool B and<br>Final round (1st–4th) | Final round (5th–12th) | EupenGhentAuderghemclass=notpageimage|Tournament host cities |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | **Eupen** | **Ghent** | **Auderghem** |

## Preliminary round

### Pool A

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | Pts | SW | SL | SR | SPW | SPL | SPR | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Soviet Union | 5 | 5 | 0 | 10 | 15 | 2 | 7.500 | 249 | 103 | 2.417 | Semifinals |
| 2 | Czechoslovakia | 5 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 1.250 | 215 | 205 | | 1.049 |
| 3 | Netherlands | 5 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 11 | 10 | 1.100 | 245 | 259 | 0.946 | 5th–8th place |
| 4 | Italy | 5 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 8 | 11 | 0.727 | 209 | 234 | | 0.893 |
| 5 | West Germany | 5 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 8 | 12 | 0.667 | 222 | 265 | 0.838 | 9th–12th place |
| 6 | Poland | 5 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 4 | 13 | 0.308 | 164 | 238 | | 0.689 |

Source:

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 25 Sep | **Soviet Union** | **3–1** | Czechoslovakia | 15–13 | 11–15 | 15–1 | 15–2 |  | **56–31** | Report |
| 25 Sep | **Netherlands** | **3–1** | Poland | 14–16 | 15–11 | 15–11 | 15–7 |  | **59–45** | Report |
| 25 Sep | **Italy** | **3–2** | West Germany | 15–7 | 12–15 | 9–15 | 15–7 | 15–12 | **66–56** | Report |
| 26 Sep | **Czechoslovakia** | **3–1** | Netherlands | 15–11 | 12–15 | 15–10 | 15–1 |  | **57–37** | Report |
| 26 Sep | **Soviet Union** | **3–0** | West Germany | 15–7 | 15–3 | 15–6 |  |  | **45–16** | Report |
| 26 Sep | **Poland** | **3–1** | Italy | 7–15 | 15–13 | 15–9 | 15–7 |  | **52–44** | Report |
| 27 Sep | **Czechoslovakia** | **3–1** | West Germany | 15–11 | 14–16 | 15–10 | 15–9 |  | **59–46** | Report |
| 27 Sep | **Netherlands** | **3–1** | Italy | 15–4 | 15–12 | 13–15 | 15–9 |  | **58–40** | Report |
| 27 Sep | **Soviet Union** | **3–0** | Poland | 15–3 | 15–2 | 15–6 |  |  | **45–11** | Report |
| 29 Sep | **Soviet Union** | **3–0** | Italy | 15–9 | 15–4 | 15–1 |  |  | **45–14** | Report |
| 29 Sep | **Czechoslovakia** | **3–0** | Poland | 15–3 | 15–13 | 15–5 |  |  | **45–21** | Report |
| 29 Sep | **Netherlands** | **3–2** | West Germany | 8–15 | 7–15 | 15–13 | 15–5 | 15–11 | **60–59** | Report |
| 30 Sep | **Italy** | **3–0** | Czechoslovakia | 15–11 | 15–8 | 15–4 |  |  | **45–23** | Report |
| 30 Sep | **West Germany** | **3–0** | Poland | 15–13 | 15–13 | 15–9 |  |  | **45–35** | Report |
| 30 Sep | **Soviet Union** | **3–1** | Netherlands | 15–10 | 15–4 | 13–15 | 15–2 |  | **58–31** | Report |

### Pool B

| Pos | Team | Pld | W | L | Pts | SW | SL | SR | SPW | SPL | SPR | Qualification |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | East Germany | 5 | 5 | 0 | 10 | 15 | 0 | MAX | 226 | 108 | 2.093 | Semifinals |
| 2 | Bulgaria | 5 | 4 | 1 | 9 | 12 | 3 | 4.000 | 214 | 142 | | 1.507 |
| 3 | France | 5 | 3 | 2 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 1.125 | 200 | 196 | 1.020 | 5th–8th place |
| 4 | Romania | 5 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 6 | 10 | 0.600 | 170 | 196 | | 0.867 |
| 5 | Hungary | 5 | 1 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 12 | 0.500 | 200 | 237 | 0.844 | 9th–12th place |
| 6 | Belgium | 5 | 0 | 5 | 5 | 0 | 15 | 0.000 | 94 | 225 | | 0.418 |

Source:

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 25 Sep | **East Germany** | **3–0** | Bulgaria | 15–11 | 16–14 | 15–9 |  |  | **46–34** | Report |
| 25 Sep | **Romania** | **3–0** | Belgium | 15–9 | 15–3 | 15–9 |  |  | **45–21** | Report |
| 25 Sep | **France** | **3–2** | Hungary | 15–12 | 15–10 | 15–17 | 11–15 | 15–12 | **71–66** | Report |
| 26 Sep | **Bulgaria** | **3–0** | Romania | 15–7 | 15–11 | 15–7 |  |  | **45–25** | Report |
| 26 Sep | **Hungary** | **3–0** | Belgium | 15–7 | 15–13 | 15–3 |  |  | **45–23** | Report |
| 26 Sep | **East Germany** | **3–0** | France | 15–1 | 15–8 | 15–8 |  |  | **45–17** | Report |
| 27 Sep | **Bulgaria** | **3–0** | Belgium | 15–11 | 15–2 | 15–7 |  |  | **45–20** | Report |
| 27 Sep | **France** | **3–0** | Romania | 15–12 | 15–6 | 15–8 |  |  | **45–26** | Report |
| 27 Sep | **East Germany** | **3–0** | Hungary | 15–8 | 15–6 | 15–6 |  |  | **45–20** | Report |
| 29 Sep | **Bulgaria** | **3–0** | Hungary | 15–7 | 15–9 | 15–13 |  |  | **45–29** | Report |
| 29 Sep | **East Germany** | **3–0** | Romania | 15–2 | 15–9 | 15–10 |  |  | **45–21** | Report |
| 29 Sep | **France** | **3–0** | Belgium | 15–2 | 15–6 | 15–6 |  |  | **45–14** | Report |
| 30 Sep | **Romania** | **3–1** | Hungary | 15–10 | 15–10 | 8–15 | 15–5 |  | **53–40** | Report |
| 30 Sep | **East Germany** | **3–0** | Belgium | 15–4 | 15–6 | 15–6 |  |  | **45–16** | Report |
| 30 Sep | **Bulgaria** | **3–0** | France | 15–9 | 15–3 | 15–10 |  |  | **45–22** | Report |

## Final round

### 9th–12th place

* Pools A and B fifth and sixth positions play each other.
* **venue location:** Auderghem, Belgium

#### 9th–12th semifinals

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 Oct | **West Germany** | **3–0** | Belgium | 15–9 | 15–5 | 15–8 |  |  | **45–22** | Report |
| 2 Oct | **Hungary** | **3–0** | Poland | 15–10 | 15–6 | 15–10 |  |  | **45–26** | Report |

#### 11th place match

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 Oct | **Poland** | **3–0** | Belgium | 15–6 | 15–9 | 15–11 |  |  | **45–26** | Report |

#### 9th place match

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 Oct | **West Germany** | **3–1** | Hungary | 15–4 | 15–9 | 13–15 | 15–10 |  | **58–38** | Report |

### 5th–8th place

* Pools A and B third and fourth positions play each other.
* **venue location:** Auderghem, Belgium

#### 5th–8th semifinals

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 Oct | **Italy** | **3–0** | France | 15–10 | 15–13 | 15–6 |  |  | **45–29** | Report |
| 2 Oct | **Netherlands** | **3–2** | Romania | 15–5 | 10–15 | 11–15 | 15–13 | 15–9 | **66–57** | Report |

#### 7th place match

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 Oct | **France** | **3–2** | Romania | 15–12 | 15–17 | 15–10 | 11–15 | 15–12 | **71–66** | Report |

#### 5th place match

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 Oct | **Netherlands** | **3–1** | Italy | 15–5 | 15–12 | 12–15 | 15–13 |  | **57–45** | Report |

### Final

* Pools A and B first and second positions play each other.
* **venue location:** Ghent, Belgium

#### Semifinals

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2 Oct | **East Germany** | **3–0** | Czechoslovakia | 15–9 | 15–13 | 15–2 |  |  | **45–24** | Report |
| 2 Oct | **Soviet Union** | **3–0** | Bulgaria | 15–9 | 15–6 | 15–10 |  |  | **45–25** | Report |

#### 3rd place match

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 Oct | **Czechoslovakia** | **3–0** | Bulgaria | 15–10 | 15–10 | 15–12 |  |  | **45–32** | Report |

#### Final

| Date |  | Score |  | Set 1 | Set 2 | Set 3 | Set 4 | Set 5 | Total | Report |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 3 Oct | **East Germany** | **3–2** | Soviet Union | 8–15 | 15–9 | 18–20 | 15–9 | 15–11 | **71–64** | Report |

## Final ranking

## Individual awards

* Confédération Européenne de Volleyball (CEV)

## InfoBox

1987 Women's European Volleyball Championship
| Tournament details | |
| --- | --- |
| Host nation | Belgium |
| Dates | 25 September – 3 October |
| Teams | 12 |
| Venue(s) | Various (in 3 host cities) |
| Champions | East Germany (2nd title) |
| Tournament awards | |
| MVP | Lucie Václavíková |
| Official website | |
| Website | |
|


title: WJZU

abstract: WJZU is a Black Gospel formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Franklin, Virginia, serving Franklin, Eastern Southampton County, Virginia and Southern Isle of Wight County, Virginia. WJZU is owned and operated by Franklin Broadcasting Corporation.

text:
# WJZU

**WJZU** is a Black Gospel formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Franklin, Virginia, serving Franklin, Eastern Southampton County, Virginia and Southern Isle of Wight County, Virginia. WJZU is owned and operated by Franklin Broadcasting Corporation.

## InfoBox

WJZU
|  | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Broadcast area | Franklin, Virginia
Eastern Southampton County, Virginia
Southern Isle of Wight County, Virginia |
| Frequency | 1250 kHz |
| Branding | *"Praise 99.1FM & 1250AM"* |
| Programming | |
| Format | Black Gospel |
| Affiliations | Rejoice! Musical Soul Food |
| Ownership | |
| Owner | Franklin Broadcasting Corporation |
| Sister stations | WLQM-FM |
| History | |
| First air date | 1956 |
| Former call signs | WYSR (?-1988)
WLQM (1988–2019) |
| Technical information | |
| Licensing authority | FCC |
| Facility ID | 52368 |
| Class | D |
| Power | 1,000 Watts daytime only |
| Transmitter coordinates | 36°40′57.0″N 76°55′43.0″W / 36.682500°N 76.928611°W / 36.682500; -76.928611 |
| Translator(s) | 99.1 W256DH (Franklin) |
| Links | |
| Public license information |  |
| Website | www.downtownfranklinva.org/news/article/april/12/2019/praise-99.1%3A-franklin-broadcasting-corporation-new-gospel-station- |


title: Mark Demesmaeker

abstract: Mark Demesmaeker is a Belgian TV journalist, newsreader and politician, affiliated to the New Flemish Alliance (N-VA).

text:
# Mark Demesmaeker

**Mark Demesmaeker** (Dutch: \[mɑr(ə)ɡ dəˈmɛsmaːkər\]; born 12 September 1958) is a Belgian TV journalist, newsreader and politician, affiliated to the New Flemish Alliance (N-VA).

## Career

Demesmaeker was born in Halle, Flemish Brabant, and originally trained as a teacher, teaching the subjects Dutch, English and History. He later changed careers to journalism, becoming a reporter for a travel programme on the public broadcaster VRT in 1991. Shortly after, he moved to the commercial channel VTM, where he worked as a news presenter until 2004. Demesmaeker also created and presented the gardening programme *Groene Vingers* (Green Fingers).

He was elected as a member of the Flemish Parliament in 2004 and reelected in 2009. In 2013, Demesmaeker left the Flemish Parliament to replace Frieda Brepoels (who became mayor of Bilzen) as member of the European Parliament. He was directly elected in 2014 to keep this position.

In 2006, he was elected to the City Council of Halle and became alderman. In 2012, he was reelected with the most preference votes, but a coalition was formed without his party.

Following the resignation of Frieda Brepoels, who was elected to the post of mayor in Bilzen, Mark Demesmaeker joined the European Parliament as N-VA MEP in February 2013. He was replaced in the Flemish Parliament by Piet De Bruyn. From February 2013 until May 2014, he sat with the Group of the Greens and the European Free Alliance (a group made up of ecologists and moderate regionalist and independentist parties with a centrist or liberal outlook).

In the European elections of 2014, Demesmaeker was re-elected with a resounding majority with 125,000 preferential votes. The N-VA received the greatest share of votes across the Flanders region and had 4 MEPs elected to the European Parliament, the single largest amount of MEPs ever sent by one party in Flanders to the European Parliament. In June the party moved to the European Conservatives and Reformists group, where Demesmaeker is head of the N-VA delegation.

In May 2015, Demesmaeker was placed on Vladimir Putin's black list of “undesirables” on Russian territory, rendering travel to Russia impossible under the present regime, due to his support of Ukraine's role in the War in Donbass. In August 2015, Demesmaeker was decorated with the Order of Merit, III Class by the President of Ukraine, Petro Poroshenko, for his 'important contribution to strengthening the international authority of the Ukrainian state'.

In March 2018, the Belgian prosecutor's office opened an investigation into Demesmaeker, after being notified by the tax collection office of an unpaid debt of 540.000 EUR. which was not denied by Demesmaeker.

Media related to Mark Demesmaeker at Wikimedia Commons

## InfoBox

| Mark Demesmaeker MEP | |
| --- | --- |
| Portrait of Mark Demesmaeker after a tour of the Parliament building in Strasbourg. | |
|  | |
| Member of the European Parliament
for the Dutch-speaking electoral college | |
| **In office**
1 February 2013  1 July 2019 | |
| Preceded by | Frieda Brepoels |
| Member of the Flemish Parliament | |
| **In office**
June 2004  31 January 2013 | |
| Succeeded by | Piet De Bruyn |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1958-09-12) 12 September 1958
Halle, Flemish Brabant |
| Nationality | Belgian |
| Political party | N-VA |
| Residence | Halle |
| Website | http://www.markdemesmaeker.be/ |
|  | |


title: Someday Angeline

abstract: Someday Angeline is a children's novel written by Louis Sachar. A story about a girl named Angeline Persopolis who faces trouble at school because of her intelligence, it was originally released in 1983, but received a reprint in 2005 following Sachar's success with Holes.

text:
# Someday Angeline

***Someday Angeline*** is a children's novel written by Louis Sachar. A story about a girl named Angeline Persopolis who faces trouble at school because of her intelligence, it was originally released in 1983, but received a reprint in 2005 following Sachar's success with *Holes*.

## Plot summary

Angeline Persopolis is extremely intelligent. She knew things, especially related to ocean animals and the ocean, "before she was born," with her first word being "octopus." Even though she is only eight, she is sent to the sixth grade. She wants to be a garbage collector like her father, although he wants her to become famous and is afraid of her intelligence at times. At school, she also faces problems like being bullied by the other students and misunderstood by her teacher, Mrs. Hardlick. Her only two friends are a fifth grade teacher, Miss Turbone (also known as Mr. Bone) and class clown Gary "Goon" Boone (who later gets a book to himself, *Dogs Don't Tell Jokes*).

Mr. Persopolis wants the best for his daughter, and he often pushes her too hard to achieve. When she is elected Secretary of Trash, he becomes angry and orders her to resign. The next day at school, Mrs. Hardlick does not listen to Angeline when she tries to resign, and Angeline is so frustrated that she messes up the classroom, denouncing everything as "Garbage!" Mrs. Hardlick is furious and tells Angeline to come back with a signed note from her father. For the next week, she goes to an aquarium each day, instead of going to school. Her father gets home after she does, so he does not know.

When Miss Turbone finds out about this, she arranges to talk with Mr. Persopolis (it is implied that the two fall in love when they meet). They decide Angeline will be transferred to Miss Turbone's fifth grade class, and that she will return to Mrs. Hardlick's class for a day or two while the transfer is arranged. They also plan to go on a date the next evening.

However, Mrs. Hardlick succeeds in alienating Angeline one more time, and she once more runs away from school, this time to a beach, where she jumps off its pier (the better to see the fish) and nearly drowns. However, she is saved by a fisherman and later gets completely better.

## Sequel

A sequel to the book with Gary as the main character, *Dogs Don't Tell Jokes*, was released in 1991. It has most of the characters from this book in it, although Angeline is now at a different school.

## InfoBox

Someday Angeline
| First edition cover | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Louis Sachar |
| Language | English |
| Genre | Children's novel |
| Publisher | Avon Books |
| Publication date | 1983 |
| Publication place | United States |
| Media type | Print (Hardback & Paperback) |
| Pages | 154 pp (first edition, paperback) |
| ISBN | 0-380-83444-8 (first edition, paperback) |
| OCLC | 9153974 |
| Followed by | *Dogs Don't Tell Jokes* |


title: San Ignacio Miní

abstract: San Ignacio Miní was one of the many missions founded in 1610 in Argentina, by the Jesuits in what the colonial Spaniards called the Province of Paraguay of the Americas during the Spanish colonial period. It is located near present-day San Ignacio valley, some 60 kilometers (37 mi) north of Posadas, Misiones Province, Argentina. In 1984, it was one of four reducciones in Argentina to be designated by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites.

text:
# San Ignacio Miní

**San Ignacio Miní** was one of the many missions founded in 1610 in Argentina, by the Jesuits in what the colonial Spaniards called the Province of Paraguay of the Americas during the Spanish colonial period. It is located near present-day San Ignacio valley, some 60 kilometers (37 mi) north of Posadas, Misiones Province, Argentina. In 1984, it was one of four *reducciones* in Argentina to be designated by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites.

## History

The original mission was erected near the year 1610 by Jesuit priests José Cataldino and Simón Maceta in the region called *Guayrá* by the natives and *La Pinería* by the Spanish conquistadores in present Paraná State, Brazil. Because of the constant attacks of the Bandeirantes, the mission moved in 1632, and did not settle in its current location until 1696. It was called San Ignacio Miní (*minor* in Guaraní) to distinguish it from the larger mission, San Ignacio Guazú (*great*), in Paraguay.

In the 18th century, the mission had a population of around 3000 people, mostly indigenous peoples. They produced rich cultural and handicraft products, which the Spanish commercialized by trade via the nearby Paraná River. After the Suppression of the Society of Jesus in 1767, the Jesuits left the mission a year later. Luso-Brazilian forces destroyed the mission in 1817, as well as other missions in the area, in the war against the independent movement in the Banda Oriental.

The ruins are one of the best preserved among the several built in the territory of the Province of Paraguay, which today is divided among Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. Due to its accessibility, it is one of the most visited. Overgrown by dense vegetation, the remains of the mission, built in the "Guaraní baroque" style, were found in 1897. It attracted greater popular interest after the 1903 expedition to the site by poet Leopoldo Lugones. The government did not undertake formal exploration and restoration until 1940.

Originally the main square was bounded by the church, a cabildo, a cemetery, a monastery and some houses. The magnificent church with 74 metres length and 24 metres width was designed by Italian priest Juan Brasanelli, and build using the local red sandstone. The width of the walls are around 2 metres, what in spite of the fragile material let the constructions remain standing after over two centuries.

In 1984 the ruins were declared as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The site is the location of the *Museo Jesuítico de San Ignacio Miní* museum, constructed after the international recognition. Other Jesuit missions' sites in the Misiones Province designated as World Heritage Sites the same year include *Reducción de Santa Ana*, *Santa María La Mayor*, and *Nuestra Señora de Loreto*.

San Ignacio Miní was included in the inaugural 1996 World Monuments Watch by the World Monuments Fund, drawing attention to the urgency of needed repairs and a full preservation plan. With funding from American Express, the lateral (eastern) portal was restored. Since then, the main portal of the mission has also been restored, and an interpretation center has been constructed. An international conference on the future of the site has taken place.

## InfoBox

San Ignacio Miní
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
| --- | --- |
| Remains of the entrance to the church | |
| Location | San Ignacio, Misiones Province, Argentina |
| Part of | Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) |
| Criteria | Cultural: (iv) |
| Reference | 275bis-002 |
| Inscription | 1983 (7th Session) |
| Extensions | 1984 |
| Coordinates | 27°15′S 55°31′W / 27.250°S 55.517°W / -27.250; -55.517 |
| Location of San Ignacio Miní in Argentina | |


title: Motor Museum

abstract: The Motor Museum is a music recording studio based in the Lark Lane area of Liverpool, England, and owned by Andy McCluskey. A number of popular music artists have recorded at the premises, including The 1975, Jake Bugg, OMD, Oasis, Ben Howard, The Coral, and Atomic Kitten.

text:
# Motor Museum

53°22′51″N 2°56′44″W / 53.3809°N 2.9455°W / 53.3809; -2.9455

The **Motor Museum** (previously called the **Pink Museum**) is a music recording studio based in the Lark Lane area of Liverpool, England, and owned by Andy McCluskey.

A number of popular music artists have recorded at the premises, including The 1975, Jake Bugg, OMD, Oasis, Ben Howard, The Coral, and Atomic Kitten.

## History

### The Pink Museum (1988-1999)

The name of the studios originates from its building's former use as the Lark Lane Motor Museum, an automotive museum. In 1987 the museum closed, and members of Echo & the Bunnymen encouraged Liverpool musician Hambi Haralambous to build a new studio on the site. Haralambous enlisted the oversight of Phill Newell, who was responsible for Virgin's Manor and Townhouse Studios, to convert the 240 square meter warehouse into a recording studio. The Pink Museum recording studio, an amalgamation of to Haralambous' previous The Pink Studio and the Lark Lane Motor Museum, opened in 1988, hosting such clients as British reggae band Aswad, and members of Liverpool F.C., who recorded "Anfield Rap" at the new studio. In 1990, Andy McCluskey booked a three day session at The Pink Museum that went so well that Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark recorded their 1991 album *Sugar Tax* at the studio. Other early clients of the studio included China Crisis, The Christians, and Echo & the Bunnymen.

In addition to the usual array of equipment typical of most professional recording environments, the Motor Museum has a number of special features which have been credited with giving both the creative and recording process a unique edge, including its stone room, which adds unique ambient quality to recordings, especially those of drums. The effect of the stone room can be heard on many of the tracks recorded at the Motor Museum, such as at the start of “Supersonic” by Oasis.

### The Motor Museum (1999-present)

In 1999, studio founder Haralambous decided to pursue a film-making career, and sold the studio to McCluskey, who renamed it The Motor Museum. producer Mike Crossey used it as a base for recording the Arctic Monkeys and Blood Red Shoes, and began leasing the studio from McCluskey in 2009. The same year, the studio began partnering with Miloco.

In 2013, Al Groves took over as the Motor Museum's manager and resident producer. Already an established producer on the Liverpool music scene, he has continued the work of establishing the Motor Museum's reputation as one of the most desirable recording locations in the UK, having worked with artists like The Tea Street Band and Bring Me the Horizon.

## InfoBox

The Motor Museum
| Company type | Recording studio |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Music |
| Predecessor | The Pink Museum |
| Founded | 1988 (1988) in Liverpool, England |
| Founder | Hambi Haralambous |
| Headquarters | 1 Hesketh St, Liverpool, L17 8XJ, Liverpool, England |
| Key people | Al Groves |
| Owner | Andy McCluskey |
| Website | themotormuseum.com |


title: William Vogt

abstract: William Vogt was an American ecologist and ornithologist, with a strong interest in both the carrying capacity and population control. He was the author of the best-seller Road to Survival (1948), National Director of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and secretary of the Conservation Foundation.

text:
# William Vogt

**William Vogt** (15 May 1902  11 July 1968) was an American ecologist and ornithologist, with a strong interest in both the carrying capacity and population control. He was the author of the best-seller *Road to Survival* (1948), National Director of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America and secretary of the Conservation Foundation.

## Biography

William Vogt was born in Mineola, New York. After graduating with honors in 1925 from St. Stephens (now Bard) College, he was, among other things, an early opponent of marshland drainage for mosquito control and later assumed a series of positions that allowed him to further pursue his interests in birds and the environment.

### *Road to Survival*

In 1942, he was made Associate Director of the Division of Science and Education of the Office of the Coordinator of Inter-American Affairs. Later he served as Chief of the Conservation Section of the Pan American Union, through which he was allowed to study the relationship between climate, population, and resources in various Latin American countries. These experiences formed the background to the perspective he later elaborated on in his *Road to Survival* (1948), a book motivated by his strong belief that then-current trends in fertility and economic growth were rapidly destroying the environment and undermining the quality of life of future generations. Vogt's most significant contribution was to link environmental and perceived overpopulation problems, warning in no uncertain terms that current trends would deliver future wars, hunger, disease, and civilizational collapse.

*Road to Survival* was an influential best-seller. It had a big impact on a Malthusian revival in the 1950s and 60s. After its publication, he dedicated many activities to the cause of overpopulation. From 1951 to 1962, he served as a National Director of the Planned Parenthood Federation of America. In 1964, he became the Secretary of the Conservation Foundation. He served as a representative of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources to the United Nations until his death on July 11, 1968, which marked the legacy of a thought-provoking individual who fearlessly tackled a contentious subject, leaving a lasting impact.

## Legacy

Charles C. Mann highlighted the pivotal role played by Vogt in shaping the foundation of the modern environmental movement. Vogt's pioneering contributions are epitomized by what the Hampshire College population researcher, Betsy Hartmann, termed 'apocalyptic environmentalism.' This school of thought espouses the conviction that, unless humanity undergoes significant reductions in consumption and imposes limits on population growth, it will inflict irreversible damage upon the Earth's ecosystems. Vogt effectively communicated this message through widely acclaimed books and compelling speeches, arguing that our affluence, rather than being a source of pride, constitutes our most pressing challenge. His resounding mantra, "Cut back! Cut back!" serves as a poignant call to action, underscoring the urgent need for sustainable practices to avert global devastation.

## Honors

In 1948, he was awarded the Mary Soper Pope Memorial Award in botany. In 1960 he was elected a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

## General and cited sources

## InfoBox

| William Vogt | |
| --- | --- |
| William Vogt in 1950 | |
| Born | (1902-05-15)15 May 1902<br>Mineola, New York |
| Died | 11 July 1968(1968-07-11) (aged 66) |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation(s) | Zoologist, ornithologist and environmentalist |


title: William Volker Fund

abstract: The William Volker Fund was a charitable foundation established in 1932 by Kansas City, Missouri, businessman and home-furnishings mogul William Volker. Volker founded the fund with the purposes of aiding the needy, reforming Kansas City's health care and educational systems, and combating the influence of machine politics in municipal governance. Following Volker's death in 1947, Volker's nephew Harold W. Luhnow continued the fund's previous mission, but also used the fund to promote and disseminate ideas on free-market economics. During Luhnow's tenure as the fund's primary manager, the William Volker Fund was one of the few libertarian organizations with significant amounts of money at its disposal, making it a key leader in developing the modern libertarian and conservative movements in the United States.

text:
# William Volker Fund

The **William Volker Fund** was a charitable foundation established in 1932 by Kansas City, Missouri, businessman and home-furnishings mogul William Volker. Volker founded the fund with the purposes of aiding the needy, reforming Kansas City's health care and educational systems, and combating the influence of machine politics in municipal governance. Following Volker's death in 1947, Volker's nephew Harold W. Luhnow continued the fund's previous mission, but also used the fund to promote and disseminate ideas on free-market economics. During Luhnow's tenure as the fund's primary manager, the William Volker Fund was one of the few libertarian organizations with significant amounts of money at its disposal, making it a key leader in developing the modern libertarian and conservative movements in the United States.

## William Volker and the establishment of the fund

William Volker was born in Hanover, Germany, in 1859, and his family immigrated to the United States in 1871 and settled in Chicago in October after the Great Fire destroyed portions of the city. According to his official biography, Volker "saw the operations of a vast spontaneous system of relief supported by charitable persons from every section of the world" (23). According to family tradition, the event convinced Volker of the power of private charity. Volker growing up as a German immigrant in Chicago was further motivated towards charity by the pietist Christianity passed on to him by his mother who stressed a passage from the Gospel of Matthew about anonymous giving.

As a young man, Volker moved to Kansas City, Missouri, where he started a home furnishings business, the William Volker & Co., which sold picture frames, blinds, and other home furnishings. In Kansas City he practiced daily giving – especially towards those whose needs were not met by organized charities. As his fortune increased in the early 1900s, he continued to increase the amount he gave to charity usually without taking any credit for the donations. Because of his secret charity, locals nicknamed Volker "Mr. Anonymous" and he became an important figure in Kansas City public life.

The Evangelical values Volker had been raised with favored hard work and frugality, assisting the needy but rejecting the concept of handouts. Welfare networks in Volker's native Germany, developing from guild traditions, provided a collective means for alleviating poverty where relief was traded for short work projects or was issued as short-term loans rather than a direct payment of unearned money. As a member of St. Peter's German Evangelical Church, Volker influenced by his religious upbringing lobbied city government for municipally operated relief agencies similar to ones operating in Germany.

Volker soon applied his organizational knowledge to his cause and created an efficient charitable operation. His civic agenda broadened to working towards progressive reform in Kansas City's government by using cooperative public/private social welfare agencies. At the time he described himself as a "Progressive and Christian Socialist".

Starting in 1908 he joined with those creating a Board of Pardons and Paroles that formed to try and counter the mayor's domination of those legal processes which could be abused for political ends. By successfully lobbying the city's government Volker's group gained official standing and funding by ordinance. The Board held that it was less likely that criminals would re-offend if they were employed, so made having a job a requirement of receiving parole – with the Board devoting many resources to finding jobs for prisoners.

In 1909 Volker and his associates expanded their mandate and became the Board of Public Welfare in an effort to fight squalor and poverty. They would seek to end poverty by researching its causes and educating the populace against them. They would train social workers, provide free legal services, loan money to the poor, and even inspect business for safety and "moral decency". If the city's funding of the board fell short, Volker would quietly cover the cost of the Board's programs.

Despite years of success when focusing on criminality in Kansas City, when the board expanded its scope to take on corrupt machine politics it soon ran into difficulty – specifically from the Pendergast brothers. By providing the poor (consisting mostly of immigrants, Catholics, and unskilled laborers) in the West Bottoms area of Kansas City, with coal fuel and other financial assistance the Pendergast brothers were able to rely on their grateful support for political issues. This arrangement allowed the Pendergasts to enrich themselves by managing the West Bottoms (an industrial and entertainment district infamous for the availability of gambling and other vices). Due to the machinations of the Pendergast machine, West Bottoms largely disregarded Prohibition. Seeing Volker's Board as a threat, "Boss Tom" Pendergast used his political connections to have the city drop its funding. This shifted the groups financial needs onto Volker. Pendergast also used his influence to get his supporters appointed to the Board, until by 1918 it had become little more than an extension of his political machine. In 1925 Volker would support reforms to the city charter, but Pendergast was again able to turn this to his advantage and take full control over the city government. Volker became disgusted with the turn of events and his biographer claimed he recalled the period bitterly "I've learned something about government...Government must be restricted to those activities which can be entrusted to the worst citizens, not the best." Rather than take on the Pendergast machine, Volker withdrew back to private charity.

In 1932, Volker set aside half of his fortune into the William Volker Charities Fund. The fund's articles of incorporation claimed it would "care for the sick, aged and helpless"; "provide means and facilities for the physical, mental, moral and spiritual betterment of persons"; "improve living and working conditions"; and provide "education and educational facilities" (209–210).

## Harold Luhnow and post-Volker management

Volker's health began deteriorating in the mid-1930s and being childless he turned over most of the duties in running his company to Harold W. Luhnow, a nephew born to his sister Emma. Luhnow, born in Chicago, was a second-generation German-American with a vastly different temperament and political ambition from his uncle. He neither possessed his uncle's intimate association with the German immigrant community nor shared its community values. Before coming to Kansas City to work with his uncle in 1919, Luhnow had served in the U.S. Army and graduated from Kansas State University with degrees in agriculture and animal husbandry. He would say "he learned about people from cattle." He abandoned his uncle's St. Peter's Church to join First Baptist Church favored by the city's elites.

Luhnow was open and unwavering in his opposition to the Pendergast machine. With his uncle's blessing Luhnow spent large amounts of Volker's funds to call for the city to adapt the policies advocated by the Civic Research Institute (CRI) which Volker had long been a backer of. The CRI called for replacing patronage and corrupt boss rule with an administration of "college-educated, career-professional manager". Luhnow and other businessmen joined CRI in a major get-out-the-vote effort in March 1934 that was met by violence by pro-Pendergast supporters bent on voter suppression culminating in "Bloody Tuesday".

Accounts of the Kansas City municipal election of March 27, 1934 recall that "Cars were demolished, women beaten, trucks burned, ballot boxes stuffed" where "numerous sluggings and reported kidnappings were recorded before noon as voters went to the polls in unprecedented numbers." The choice was between the Pendergast endorsed Democratic candidates against the reformist Citizens-Fusion candidates (drawn from Republicans and those Democrats that opposed Pendergast). The Citizens-Fusion party was headed by Dr. Ross Hill, former president of the University of Missouri who accused Pendergast's Democratic Mayor Bryce E. Smith of wholesale graft, fraud, and allowing collusion of the police department with gangsters. Also backing the idea of reform was the National Youth Movement (a Kansas City founded group whose national goal was to bring pressure against Pendergast). By the end of the day four people were slain and eleven wounded.

Pendergast's men regularly worked elections by "Smoking up the Precincts" where gangs would ride in high-powered black cars through the wards and precincts looking to beat supporters of opposing factions with brass knuckles, baseball bats, gun butts, and clenched fists. Already by early that morning these roving gangs had demolished and burned several cars being used by the Citizens-Fusion campaigns. They had also beat a man into critical condition with a wrench. As the day went on things continued to escalate. At one polling place a carload of hoodlums burst in and grabbed the black Democratic election judge and began beating him while the Republican judge fled out the backdoor. William Findley, a black Democratic precinct captain rushed to intervene. When met with pistols he drew his own — in the exchange of gunfire he was slain. At another site hoodlums kidnapped an election judge early in the day then returned in the afternoon and beat several election workers and a police officer. A.S. Williams, a candidate for the Citizens-Fusion ticket was kidnapped, threatened, and then returned to the polls. When reporting the event to the police his assailants leisurely drove by which he pointed out. The police got into their car and drove after them at about 10 miles an hour. Other than in the Black ward and the Southwest and Southeast areas the reformers were not viewed as a serious threat to Pendergast. Still, there was a split in the Shannon wing of his Democratic machine. Deputy Sheriff Lee Flacy supported the L.C. "Doc" Johnson faction of the Shannon wing and was electioneering at a polling place when he went to a nearby café for coffee. Three cars pulled up to the polling place containing twelve men who asked for Flacy. They were pointed to the café. Entering the café, John Gadwood (a supporter of the Pete Kelly faction of the Shannon wing) was told Flacy was in the backroom, which he entered. A pistol shot rang out as Gadwood fired into Flacy's stomach. The twelve then fled the café before being pursued by a wounded Flacy with his own gun drawn. A fire-fight occurred with Flacy shooting ex-boxer Larry Cappo in the head. Flacy was then slain by a blast from a shotgun one of the men had under his coat. P.W. Oldham, a 78-year-old hardware store owner, while locking up his shop was struck by a stray bullet in the fire-fight between Flacy and his murderers. One of the assailants the three cars flipped over while racing to escape the murder scene. The occupants when pulled from the car would tell police they had no idea how Cappo got into their backseat. Nine hours later Oldham and Cappo would die in side-by-side hospital beds. Gadwood was later convicted of murdering Flacy and served three years in prison. Findley and Oldham's killers were never charged. One fusion candidate, Arthur H. Wells was beaten by thugs. Justin Bowersock, a Kansas City Star reporter had his car struck by another vehicle and then shot at by the thugs inside it – they then chased him back to the newspaper's building before he managed to escape. The chauffeur for the editor of the Star was also beaten by hoodlums. The Associated Press reported the outcome of the vote saying "Big Tom Pendergast's Democratic machine rode to overwhelming victory today after a blood-stained election marked by four killings, scores of sluggings and machine gun terrorism." The machine lost two council seats to the reformers but otherwise dominated, thereby enhancing Pendergast's image state-wide.

Despite the electoral set-back, Luhnow continued to press for political reform using Volker's financing to fight Pendergast's political machine. Luhnow would not have to wait very long. In June 1936 Pendergast suffered a coronary thrombosis, or blood clot, while attending the National Democratic convention in Philadelphia. By August he was suffering from an intestinal blockage that required a colostomy when he returned in September to Kansas City. In an effort to prove themselves during the uncertainty caused by the bosses illness, machine ward and precinct leaders delivered electoral majorities to machine endorsed candidates at ridiculously high levels – triggering Federal suspicions. For example, one Pendergast's candidate outpolled his primary opponent for a state office by 19,201 votes to 13. Pendergast's son would later recall that the machine workers "got carried away and voted the sick, the dying and the dead." Within weeks a Federal Grand jury was convened to examine the 1936 election, headed by U.S. Distrtrict Court Judge Albert Reeves who had previously been denied a political career due to the machinations of the machine. The FBI brought forward 95 examples of ballot tampering. Indictments followed and throughout 1937 into 1938 juries found 259 of 278 individuals guilty. Election officials struck 60,000 bogus names from the Kansas City voter registration files. With Pendergast's power slipping, Luhnow and CRI were able to achieve some success in backing political reformers for the Kansas City Council in the 1938 elections. By May 1939, Pendergast reported to Leavenworth Federal Penitentiary to begin serving a 15-month sentence for income tax evasion. (He was released on probation a year later with three months off for good behavior and would die in 1945).

Luhnow's partnership with the CRI in the cause against the Pendergast machine introduced him to a nationwide network of similar civic organizations opposing machine politics and also calling for government efficiency and transparency. Many of these groups also opposed the welfare programs and federal intervention in local politics that resulted from the New Deal. During this period Luhnow met Loren "Red" Miller from Detroit's Bureau of Government Research foundation. The philosophy advocated by Miller is the source of much of modern American libertarianism. Miller's ideology arose from witnessing abuses of local government power, leading him to conclude that good government equated to minimal government – where charities and business replaced state social welfare. In 1941 Luhnow hired Miller to run the CRI. During his three-year tenure at the CRI, Miller introduced Luhnow to other intellectuals deeply committed to opposition of government bureaucracy and economic intervention.

When William Volker died in 1947, Luhnow took control of William Volker & Co. and also became the head of the William Volker Charities Fund's board of directors.

Under Luhnow's administration the fund shifted its focus away from charities in the Kansas City area and began pursuing a number of strategies for increasing the acceptance of Old Right and Austrian economics thought in the United States. During this period, Luhnow read books like F.A. Hayek's *The Road to Serfdom* and became a proponent of classical liberalism.

Luhnow was interested in theories of political economy that are generally called "libertarian" or "classical liberal," but at various times have been called "Conservative," "neoliberal," "right-wing radical," "eighteenth- and nineteenth-century liberal," or Straussian. As Luhnow's commitment to these ideas grew, he used the Volker Fund to give sizable contributions to libertarian and conservative causes. The Fund was instrumental in bringing Friedrich Hayek to the University of Chicago. It also helped support many other classical liberal scholars who at the time could not obtain positions in American universities, such as Ludwig von Mises and Aaron Director. Through its subsidiary the National Book Foundation, the Volker Fund gave away books authored by libertarian and conservative academics to college libraries throughout the U.S. The National Book Foundation distributed books by wide range of influential authors, including Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, Gordon H. Clark, Hayek, Mises, Roscoe Pound, Leo Strauss, Eric Voegelin, and many others.

Under Luhnow's management, the fund helped the then small minority of Old Right scholars to meet, discuss, and exchange ideas. Milton Friedman's *Capitalism and Freedom*, Bruno Leoni's *Freedom and the Law*, and Hayek's *Constitution of Liberty* were all influenced by the ideas discussed at such meetings. Among its most significant contributions to such academic conferences, the fund supported North American participation at the first Mont Pèlerin Society meeting in 1947.

Under the directorship of "master recruiter" F. A. Harper, the fund systematically recruited a number of young libertarian and conservative scholars. These researchers and staffers eventually became important figures in American right-wing. Notable staffers included a young Murray Rothbard who began working for the Volker Fund in 1951 and wrote book reviews for the Fund until 1962. Rose Wilder Lane also contributed book reviews. Prominent Christian Right pioneers Rousas John Rushdoony and Gary North also gained early notoriety because of their association with the fund.

In addition to its own activities, the Volker Fund also helped support the formation of various complementary institutions, including the Intercollegiate Society of Individualists (ISI), which was later renamed Intercollegiate Studies Institute, and the Foundation for Economic Education (FEE). It also worked closely with similar charitable endeavors, such as the Earhart Foundation and the Relm Foundation.

In the 1960s the Volker company and the Fund moved to Burlingame, California. The Fund was dissolved after Luhnow's death in 1978, and its assets distributed to local Kansas City charities and to the Hoover Institution of Stanford University.

## Controversy and collapse

In the early 1960s, Luhnow's management of the fund became increasingly inconsistent, and in early 1963 he suddenly fired most of his staff, including Harper and Rothbard. Harper continued the basic nature and spirit of his Volker Fund work by creating the Institute for Humane Studies. Luhnow hired Ivan R. Bierly, an ex-Foundation for Economic Education senior staffer. Luhnow reorganized the Volker Fund as the Center for American Studies and ended the fund's charitable commitments to Kansas City institutions. Bierly recruited William T. Couch, R. J. Rushdoony, and David Leslie Hoggan to run the new center. Rushdoony hired his future son-in-law, Gary North, as a summer intern in 1963.

Immediately, Rushdoony and Hoggan became lightning rods for controversy. Rushdoony, a conservative Presbyterian minister, alienated many of the fund's secular and non-Protestant supporters and was fired by Bierly. Hoggan was even more controversial for his explicitly pro-Hitler and pro-Nazi sympathies. He was fired shortly after Rushdoony.

The Rushdoony/Hoggan controversy left Bierly and Couch scrambling to find support for the center even as Luhnow grew old and sick and was no longer able to support the organization. They courted Stanford University and the Hoover Institution with several million dollars in remaining Volker money only to be rebuffed. The center proved short lived and closed late in 1964 when Couch and Birely failed to secure the support of Stanford and Hoover. A decade later, the remainder of the Volker Fund money, amounting to about seven million dollars, went to the Hoover Institution. The Fund's files have disappeared.


title: Willie Kavanaugh Hocker

abstract: Willie Kavanaugh Hocker was an American schoolteacher and designer of the Arkansas state flag.

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# Willie Kavanaugh Hocker

**Willie Kavanaugh Hocker** (July 21, 1862 – February 6, 1944) was an American schoolteacher and designer of the Arkansas state flag.

## Biography

Willie Kavanaugh Hocker was born in Madison County, Kentucky. Her father was a farmer. She and her family moved to Arkansas in 1870. After obtaining a teaching certificate in 1887, she taught school at Wabbaseka, Arkansas. Hocker died at her home in Jefferson County on February 6, 1944, at the age of 81.

## Arkansas flag

Hocker was a member of the Pine Bluff chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution. Her chapter wanted to present the newly commissioned USS *Arkansas* with a state flag; however the chapter was informed that a state flag did not exist at all. Hocker, along with other citizens, sent flag designs to Earle W. Hodges, who was the Secretary of State. She proposed a red flag with a white diamond surrounded by a border of blue, 25 white stars in the blue and three blue stars inside the white diamond. The flag design committee suggested adding the name "Arkansas" to the flag. Hocker agreed; thus the first design of the state flag was born. After some changes to add a fourth blue star to the flag, to represent Arkansas's membership in the Confederate States, the final design was set in 1924.

## InfoBox

| Willie Kavanaugh Hocker | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1862-07-21)July 21, 1862
Madison County, Kentucky, U.S. |
| Died | February 6, 1944(1944-02-06) (aged 81)
Jefferson County, Arkansas, U.S. |
| Resting place | Bellwood Cemetery,
Pine Bluff, Arkansas, U.S.
34°13′55.4″N 92°01′33.5″W / 34.232056°N 92.025972°W / 34.232056; -92.025972 |
| Occupations |  |
| Known for | Flag design |


title: William Watt (missionary)

abstract: William Watt (1843–1926) was a Scottish missionary to the New Hebrides. He was ordained as a minister of the Reformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland in 1868, and arrived in the New Hebrides the following year. He served on the island of Tanna for more than forty years, retiring to Australia in 1910. Watt operated a printing press on his mission station. He wrote about the cannibalism practised on the island.

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# William Watt (missionary)

**William Watt** (1843–1926) was a Scottish missionary to the New Hebrides (now Vanuatu). He was ordained as a minister of the Reformed Presbyterian Church of Scotland in 1868, and arrived in the New Hebrides the following year. He served on the island of Tanna for more than forty years, retiring to Australia in 1910. Watt operated a printing press on his mission station. He wrote about the cannibalism practised on the island.


title: William Watson Smith

abstract: Lieutenant William Watson Smith was a Scottish First World War flying ace credited with eight aerial victories.

text:
# William Watson Smith

Lieutenant **William Watson Smith** DFC (born 1892, date of death is unknown) was a Scottish First World War flying ace credited with eight aerial victories.

## Military service

Smith was commissioned as a temporary second lieutenant in the Gordon Highlanders on 10 September 1915. He was serving in the 2nd Battalion, which formed part of the 20th Brigade, 7th Division, when it was sent to serve in Italy in November 1917.

On 3 July 1918 No. 139 Squadron RAF was formed at Villaverla as a fighter-reconnaissance squadron equipped with the Bristol F.2 two-seater fighter. The day after, 4 July, with the American Lieutenant Walter Carl Simon as his pilot, Smith drove down out of control an Albatros D.III over Levico. Two more victories soon followed, with Lieutenant H. C. Walters in the pilot's seat, when Smith destroyed another D.III over Cortesano on 15 July, and an Albatros D.V over Nemo on 17 July. Smith's grant of a temporary commission as a second lieutenant (observer officer) in the Royal Air Force became official two days later on 19 July. On 30 July, Smith was flying with Lieutenant Simon again, and was with his squadron on an offensive patrol when it encountered a squadron of 16 enemy aircraft. In the ensuing dogfight Simon and Smith were credited with five enemy aircraft destroyed within five minutes, though both men were wounded and their aircraft badly damaged.

Smith was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross, which was gazetted on 7 February 1919. His citation read:

Second Lieutenant William Watson Smith. "This officer has shown exceptional keenness and efficiency as an observer. He has taken part in numerous reconnaissances, and his reports are invariably clear and accurate, containing valuable information which has proved of great assistance in our recent operations."

## Post-war career

On 1 August 1919 Smith was re-seconded to the Royal Air Force for a period of two years as an observer officer with the rank of lieutenant, eventually relinquishing his temporary RAF commission to return to his regiment in the Army on 4 August 1921.

## InfoBox

| William Watson Smith | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1892
Boharm, Banffshire, Scotland |
| Died | Unknown |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service/branch | British Army
Royal Air Force |
| Years of service | 1915–1921 |
| Rank | Lieutenant |
| Unit | Gordon Highlanders
No. 139 Squadron RAF |
| Battles/wars | World War I
Western Front
Italian Front |
| Awards | Distinguished Flying Cross |


title: William Watt (miner)

abstract: William Watt was a California Gold Rush mining executive, California State Senator, Regent of the University of California, Director of the Nevada County Narrow Gauge Railroad, and owner of the Grass Valley Telegraph, the first newspaper in that town.

text:
# William Watt (miner)

**William Watt** (July 14, 1828 – July 5, 1878) was a California Gold Rush mining executive, California State Senator, Regent of the University of California, Director of the Nevada County Narrow Gauge Railroad, and owner of the *Grass Valley Telegraph*, the first newspaper in that town.

## Personal life

Watt was born in Scotland, and spent his early years as a marine engineer. He came to the US when he was 20 and by 1852 was in California. He was a Royal Arch Mason.

## Career

He participated in the California Gold Rush by working and purchasing mines in the Grass Valley area. Watt was superintendent and part owner of the Eureka Mine. He also owned the Massachusetts Mine in Grass Valley and discovered the Derbec Mine (near North Bloomfield). From 1861 until 1863, he served as California State Senator from Nevada County. He served as Regent from 1868 until his resignation in 1871, when he became a candidate for Governor of California on the Democratic Party ticket. Watt died in North Bloomfield, California following an accident involving a runaway buggy.


abstract: The Willis House is a historic residence in Encampment, Wyoming, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

text:
# Willis House (Grand Encampment, Wyoming)

The **Willis House** is a historic residence in Encampment, Wyoming, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

## Description

The house was built in 1908 for Mrs. Lydia M. Willis in Encampment, Wyoming as a house of prostitution and the headquarters for her family's business network. Mrs. Willis had previously operated a similar business in Encampment in a house next to her husband's saloon. The Willises managed a number of similar operations, with two brothels in Rawlins, one each in Saratoga and Encampment, and probably one in Rock Springs. Mr. Willis bred race horses and managed saloons. The house is notable as one of the most prominent houses in Encampment and the only masonry house in town.

The Willis House is described as a modified American Foursquare of two stories, built in molded concrete block. The house is fronted by a masonry-pillared porch on the short west side, with a half-story elevation above with deep flared eaves and a clipped gable. The interior detailing is somewhat plain. The upper level was subdivided into five rooms suited for the planned use, three of which have bed alcoves. All share a single toilet. The property includes a log barn to the rear.

## History

Lydia M. Propst was born in about 1846 in Pendleton County, Virginia (now West Virginia). Following the death of her husband Edward after the American Civil War Lydia and her son Lee, another son and a daughter moved to Rawlins around 1886, where she married S.L. (Jerry) Willis. The Willises settled in Encampment, which was near the center of the Grand Encampment copper mining boom of the early 20th century, with a ready supply of miners seeking entertainment. The Willises traveled throughout Colorado and Wyoming, starting a number of businesses, many involving prostitution. Extensive correspondence has been preserved documenting Mrs. Willis's business and her relationship with her girls.

Despite their business activities, which occasioned editorial complaints in the town newspaper, Mr. Willis was Encampment Justice of the Peace in 1915 and Town Marshal in 1916. The end of the copper boom in Encampment apparently caused the house to remain largely unfinished within, and the Willises left Encampment sometime between 1916 and Lydia's 1926 death in Brighton, Colorado. Her son Lee operated a gas station in Encampment until his death in 1941. The house changed hands 18 times before 1931, until it was purchased by rancher, merchant and miner Charles Deo Terwilliger. Terwilliger had made his fortune in Nevada by selling supplies to miners. After some setbacks to his ranching business he and his wife Laura bought the Willis House for $800 in 1931, adapting the house as a boarding house for teachers. The house remained in the hands of Terwilliger's descendants into the 21st century.

The Willis House was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on March 29, 2001.

* Willis House at the Wyoming State Historic Preservation Office

## InfoBox

|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Willis House | |
| U.S. National Register of Historic Places | |
|  | |
| The Willis House, August 2012 | |
|  | |
| Location | 621 Winchell Avenue
Encampment, Wyoming
United States |
| Coordinates | 41°12′27″N 106°47′42″W / 41.20750°N 106.79500°W / 41.20750; -106.79500 |
| Area | 0.4 acres (0.16 ha) |
| Built | 1908 (1908) |
| Architect | Ball, Harry |
| Architectural style | Late 19th And Early 20th Century American Movements |
| NRHP reference No. | 01000300 |
| Added to NRHP | March 29, 2001 |


title: William W. Davies (USMC)

abstract: William Wallace Davies was a decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps with the rank of major general. He is most noted as a pioneer in the development of the Marine Corps Landing craft. He later commanded the Troop Training Unit, Naval Amphibious Base Coronado.

text:
# William W. Davies (USMC)

**William Wallace Davies** (April 27, 1900  June 1, 1985) was a decorated officer of the United States Marine Corps with the rank of major general. He is most noted as a pioneer in the development of the Marine Corps Landing craft. He later commanded the Troop Training Unit, Naval Amphibious Base Coronado.

## Early career

William W. Davies was born on April 27, 1900, in Washington, D.C., and received his high school education at schools in Closter and Englewood, New Jersey. He decided to enlist in the United States Marine Corps in October 1918 and was sent to Marine Barracks at Parris Island for basic training. Davies was subsequently commissioned second lieutenant in the Marine Corps on 4 May 1922 and sent for Officer Basic Course to the Basic School at Marine Barracks Quantico, Virginia.

He remained there until May 1923, when he graduated from the course and was assigned to the 2nd Brigade of Marines. Davies subsequently sailed for Dominican Republic to fight the rebel forces and remained there until August 1924. Davies has returned to the United States and was assigned to the 4th Marine Regiment and participated in the maneuvers in Hawaii. At the beginning of June 1926, he was transferred to the Marine barracks at Puget Sound Navy Yard in Bremerton, Washington, and remained there until April 1927. Davies rejoined 4th Marines in April 1927 and sailed first to Philippine Islands and then to China, to protect the Shanghai International Settlement. He has been transferred to the Marine Barracks on Guam in September 1928 and remained there until October 1929, when he was assigned to the Marine Barracks at Naval Station New Orleans.

Davies served in that capacity until August 1930, when he has been sent to Nicaragua to fight rebel units under Augusto César Sandino. He was assigned to the *Guardia Nactional* and commanded constabulary detachment until the beginning of 1933. For his service in this capacity, Davies received Nicaraguan Cross of Valor with Diploma by the Government of Nicaragua.

Following his return to the United States in January 1933, Davies has been assigned to the Marine barracks at Washington Navy Yard for a brief period, before he was assigned to the Junior Course at Marine Corps School at Quantico in May 1933. He was transferred to San Diego in June 1936 and subsequently appointed commander of the Marine detachment aboard the battleship USS *Oklahoma* in September 1936. The ship was assigned to the Pacific Fleet and participated in the patrol duties off the West Coast and on Hawaii.

He finished his sea duties in June 1938, when he was transferred to Washington, D.C., and assigned to Headquarters Marine Corps as Paymaster, Eastern Pay Area. Within this capacity, he served under Brigadier General Russell B. Putnam.

## World War II

Davies became first involved in the development of the Marine Corps Landing craft in March 1941, when he was appointed officer in charge of the Amphibian Tractor Training Detachment at Dunedin, Florida. In this capacity he took part in the production and testing of amphibious vehicles throughout the country and established first amphibian tractor school. When the Amphibian Tractor Training Detachment was transferred to Camp Pendleton in July 1943, Davis was appointed commanding officer of the Amphibious Battalion there.

He was promoted to the rank of colonel in early 1944 and assigned as Amphibious Tractor Officer, Fleet Marine Force Pacific under Lieutenant General Holland Smith. Davies took part in the amphibious landing during the Battle of Kwajalein in January 1944 and received his first Navy Presidential Unit Citation.

With the upcoming Battle of Saipan in June 1944, Davies participated in the landing on D-Day and made frequent visits of front lines under enemy fire to collect important information about landing crafts. He also inspected amphibian tractor units and shore parties. During the Battle of Tinian he accomplished the same tasks and subsequently received the Legion of Merit with Combat "V" for his bravery under fire.

Colonel Davies remained in his capacity within Fleet Marine Force, Pacific and participated in the Battle of Okinawa in April 1945. He distinguished himself again and received the Bronze Star Medal with Combat "V" for his merits during the campaign.

## Postwar career

Davies returned to the United States with the 25th Marines in October 1945, and the regiment was deactivated on 10 November 1945 at Camp Pendleton. He remained in San Diego and relieved Colonel John Groff as chief of staff of the Marine Corps Base San Diego under Major General Earl C. Long. Davies was subsequently transferred to the staff of the Troop Training Unit, Naval Amphibious Base Coronado and appointed commander of the Mobile Training Unit Nr. 1. In this capacity, he participated in the amphibious training of the recruits for the Pacific Fleet.

When chief of staff of the Troop Training Unit at Coronado, Colonel William S. Fellers, was appointed the commanding general in July 1949, Davies was appointed to his capacity. During September 1950, Davies has been appointed Liaison officer to the Commandant of the Marine Corps, Clifton B. Cates, for Amphibious Tractor Matters.

He was promoted to the rank of brigadier general in January 1952 and returned to Coronado, where he relieved Brigadier General John T. Selden as commanding general of the Troop Training Unit, Naval Amphibious Base Coronado. Davies remained in this capacity only for six months, when he was succeeded by Chesty Puller and personally appointed commander of the Troop Training Team, Amphibious Forces, Far East (TTT) and sent to Japan in June 1952. His mission was to lead TTT instructor force and train newly established Japan Self-Defense Forces.

Brigadier General Davies returned from Japan in May 1954 and was appointed commanding general of Troop Training Unit, Naval Amphibious Base Coronado again. He served in this capacity until his retirement in July 1955. Davies was advanced to the rank of major general on the retired list for having been specially commended in combat.

Following his retirement from the Marine Corps, Davies resided with his family in Ojai, California, and died on June 1, 1985, in San Diego. He had one son and daughter from his marriage.

## Decorations

Here is the ribbon bar of Major General William W. Davies:

| 1st Row | Legion of Merit with Combat "V" | | | | | | | Bronze Star Medal with Combat "V" | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2nd Row | Navy Presidential Unit Citation with two stars | | | | Marine Corps Good Conduct Medal | | | | Marine Corps Expeditionary Medal with two stars | | | | World War I Victory Medal | | | |
| 3rd Row | Second Nicaraguan Campaign Medal | | | | Yangtze Service Medal | | | | American Defense Service Medal | | | | American Campaign Medal | | | |
| 4th Row | Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with four 3/16 inch service stars | | | | World War II Victory Medal | | | | National Defense Service Medal | | | | Nicaraguan Cross of Valor with Diploma | | | |

## InfoBox

| William Wallace Davies | |
| --- | --- |
| Davies as brigadier general, USMC | |
| Born | (1900-04-27)April 27, 1900
Washington, D.C. |
| Died | June 1, 1985(1985-06-01) (aged 85)
San Diego, California |
| Allegiance | United States of America |
| Service/branch | United States Marine Corps |
| Years of service | 1918–1955 |
| Rank | Major general |
| Service number | 0-3780 |
| Commands | Troop Training Unit, NAB Coronado
Amphibious Tractor Officer, FMFP
25th Marine Regiment |
| Battles/wars | **World War I**
**Dominican Campaign**
**Nicaraguan Campaign**
**Yangtze Patrol**
**World War II** |
| Awards | Legion of Merit
Bronze Star Medal |


title: Morokodo people

abstract: The Morokodo are an ethnic group numbering over 40,000 people living in the South Sudanese state of Western Equatoria. They speak Morokodo language, a Central Sudanic language

text:
# Morokodo people

The **Morokodo** are an ethnic group numbering over 40,000 people living in the South Sudanese state of Western Equatoria. They speak Morokodo language, a Central Sudanic language

## InfoBox

Morokodo
| Total population | |
| --- | --- |
| 42,000 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| Western Equatoria | |
| Languages | |
| Morokodo | |
| Religion | |
| Animism | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| Madi | |


title: Mostar (magazine)

abstract: Mostar is a monthly magazine of culture and current affairs. It began publishing in March 2005. Its name originates from the Stari Most in Bosnia-Herzegovina.

text:
# Mostar (magazine)

***Mostar*** is a monthly magazine of culture and current affairs. It began publishing in March 2005. Its name originates from the Stari Most in Bosnia-Herzegovina.

## Content of Magazine

## File subjects

| Magazıne Number | Date of Publication | Main topic name |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 83 | January 2012 | Küreselleşme: Bir çıkış yolu arayışı |
| 84 | February 2012 | “İslam düşüncesi” neyin ifadesi? |
| 85 | March 2012 | Göz, Gez, Arpacık ve İran |
| 86 | April 2012 | İlkçağlardan bugüne inanç ve mekân ilişkisi |
|

## Awards

* On January 1, 2010, *Mostar* has been awarded as "Magazine of the Year" by Writers Union of Turkey.
* On April 12, 2012, *Mostar* has won the reward of "Magazine of the Year" from International Association of Islamic World Journalist and Authors (ULGAYAD)

## InfoBox

*Mostar*
| Editor | Ibrahim Baran |
| --- | --- |
| Categories | Culture and actuality |
| Frequency | Monthly |
| First issue | March 2005 |
| Company | Mostar Basın Yayın Dağıtım ve Organizasyon San. Tic. Ltd. Şti. |
| Country | Turkey (Origin) |
| Based in | Istanbul |
| Language | Turkish |
| Website | www.mostar.com.tr |
| ISSN | 1305-4686 |


title: William Wilson (bishop)

abstract: William Scot Wilson was a Scottish bishop of the Scottish Episcopal Church, who served as Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway between 1859 and 1888.

text:
# William Wilson (bishop)

**William Scot Wilson** (1806 – 17 March 1888) was a Scottish bishop of the Scottish Episcopal Church, who served as Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway between 1859 and 1888.

## Life and ministry

Wilson was born in Pittenweem, Fife in 1806, the son of the Reverend David Wilson. He was educated at King's College, Aberdeen, from where he graduated with a Master of Arts\] in 1827. He also gained his theological training from Edinburgh Theological College. He was awarded a Doctor of Laws from Trinity College Dublin in 1859, and a Doctor of Divinity from Hobart College.

He was ordained deacon in 1827 and priest in 1829 by Bishop David Low of Ross and Argyle. He then ministered in Inverness-shire. In 1832 he was appointed rector of Holy Trinity Church in Ayr, a post he retained during his episcopacy, till his death He also became Dean of Glasgow and Galloway in 1845. In 1859, he was elected Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway, and remained so till his death in Ayr in 1888.) He was consecrated in St Paul's Church in Edinburgh, by the Primus Charles Terrot, on April 26, 1859.

## InfoBox

| The Right Reverend
William Scot Wilson | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway | |
|  | |
| Church | Scottish Episcopal Church |
| Diocese | Glasgow and Galloway |
| In office | 1859-1888 |
| Predecessor | Walter Trower |
| Successor | William Harrison |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 1829
by David Low |
| Consecration | 26 April 1859
by Charles Terrot |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 1806
Pittenweem, Fife, Scotland |
| Died | 17 March 1888
Ayr, Ayrshire, Scotland |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Denomination | Anglican |
| Spouse | Jane Austin (m. 1843) |


title: William Wilson (baseball)

abstract: William H. Wilson was an American Negro league shortstop in the 1880s. Wilson played for the Pittsburgh Keystones in 1887. In seven recorded games, he posted 13 hits in 35 plate appearances.

text:
# William Wilson (baseball)

**William H. Wilson** was an American Negro league shortstop in the 1880s. Wilson played for the Pittsburgh Keystones in 1887. In seven recorded games, he posted 13 hits in 35 plate appearances.

## InfoBox

| William Wilson | |
| --- | --- |
| **Shortstop** | |
| Negro league baseball debut | |
| 1887, for the Pittsburgh Keystones | |
| Last appearance | |
| 1887, for the Pittsburgh Keystones | |
|  | |
| Teams | |
|  | |


title: Morro d'Oro Calcio

abstract: Morro d'Oro Calcio is an Italian association football club based in Morro d'Oro, Abruzzo. They currently play in Prima Categoria. Their official colors are white and red.

text:
# Morro d'Oro Calcio

**Morro d'Oro Calcio** is an Italian association football club based in Morro d'Oro, Abruzzo. They currently play in Prima Categoria. Their official colors are white and red.

## InfoBox

Morro d'Oro
| Full name | Morro d'Oro Calcio SrL |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 1976 |
| Ground | Stadio Comunale<br>Morro d'Oro, Italy |
| Capacity | 1,000 |
| Chairman | Aurelio Malvone |
| Manager | Enrico Piccioni |
| League | Serie D/F |
| 2009–10 | Serie D/F, 15th |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |


title: Windsor Lancers

abstract: The Windsor Lancers are the varsity athletic teams that represent the University of Windsor in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. The school's varsity program supports 9 different sports. Their mascot is a lancer and the team's colours are blue and gold. The varsity teams compete in the Ontario University Athletics provincial conference and the national U Sports organization. The school joined the Ontario-Quebec Athletic Association in 1952. The university offers 8 sports for women and 9 sports for men. Additionally, there are 2 sports clubs offered: men's baseball and women's fastpitch. As of the 2015–16 season, the Lancers have won 33 national titles and 87 provincial titles. From 2010 to 2016, the Lancers have won more national championships than any other Canadian university. Since 1990, the Windsor Lancers track and field teams have done well provincially and nationally, with the men's team winning 23 OUA titles and 9 national titles and the women's team winning 17 OUA titles and 11 national titles respectively.

text:
# Windsor Lancers

The **Windsor Lancers** are the varsity athletic teams that represent the University of Windsor in Windsor, Ontario, Canada. The school's varsity program supports 9 different sports. Their mascot is a lancer and the team's colours are blue and gold. The varsity teams compete in the Ontario University Athletics provincial conference and the national U Sports organization. The school joined the Ontario-Quebec Athletic Association (now known as the OUA) in 1952.

The university offers 8 sports for women and 9 sports for men. Additionally, there are 2 sports clubs offered: men's baseball and women's fastpitch.

As of the 2015–16 season, the Lancers have won 33 national titles and 87 provincial titles. From 2010 to 2016, the Lancers have won more national championships than any other Canadian university.

Since 1990, the Windsor Lancers track and field teams have done well provincially and nationally, with the men's team winning 23 OUA titles and 9 national titles and the women's team winning 17 OUA titles and 11 national titles respectively.

## Varsity teams

The Windsor Lancers participate in the following varsity sports:

## Windsor Lancers football

The Windsor Lancers football team began competing in the Central Canada Intercollegiate Football Conference in 1968, and have continued play uninterrupted since then. The team plays on Alumni Field out of University of Windsor Stadium located on the campus grounds at the University of Windsor. The program is notable for featuring three Hec Crighton Trophy winners, most recently being former Canadian Football League running back, Daryl Stephenson, when he won the award in 2006. The Hec Crighton Trophy was also claimed by Andrew Parici in 1972, becoming just the second quarterback to win the award, and Scott Mallender, also at quarterback, in 1979. The football team itself has won a Yates Cup championship in 1975.

## Ice hockey

### Men's hockey

### Women's hockey

## Basketball

### Women's

The Windsor Lancers women's basketball program is led by Head Coach Chantal Vallée, a native of Montreal, has become one of the top women's basketball programs in the country, having capturing five straight CIS national titles in 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015.

In 2008–09, Vallée and the Lancers made history as she led her team to a 21–1 record, their first ever OUA Provincial Championship title and a trip to the CIS National Championships in Saskatchewan, where they finished fourth. In 2010–11, the Lancers won their first ever CIS National Championship title in the program's 50th year. With a 20–2 regular season record, the Lancers were ranked in the top two in the CIS Top Ten all year long and claimed their third straight OUA Provincial Championship. At Nationals, her Lancer squad defeated the Quebec champion Laval Rouge et Or, the AUS champion Cape Breton Capers and the Canada West champion Saskatchewan Huskies to claim the CIS National Championship. With the win, the Lancers became the first host school to ever win a CIS national championship title in women's basketball at home and were also the first team outside of the Canada West Conference to win the Bronze Baby Trophy in the last 19 years.

In 2011–12, Coach Vallée and the Lancer women's basketball team captured their second straight CIS national title with a 69–53 over the second seeded UBC Thunderbirds. Ranked fourth heading into the national tournament, the Lancers defended their 2011 title by defeating AUS champion Acadia in the quarter-final, host Calgary in the semi, and the Canada West winner Thunderbirds to take the Bronze Baby back to Windsor.

In 2012–13, Vallée's squad made program history as they completed an undefeated regular season with a 21–0 record and the No. 1 ranking in Canada. It was the first time in OUA women's basketball history that a team has gone undefeated since moving away from the 12-game schedule and placed first overall in the OUA west division for the fourth consecutive year. In the playoffs, Windsor became only the fourth team in CIS women's basketball history to capture three straight CIS national titles. Coach Vallée's Lancer squad held off Carleton to win their fourth provincial title in five years, and capped off their undefeated season at the national championships with a convincing win over the host Regina Rams in the gold medal game.

In 2013–14, Coach Vallée led her team to an incredible fourth straight CIS national championship title, winning at home for the second time in four years. The Lancers finished the regular season with a sparkling 21–1 record and the No. 1 ranking in Canada. After capturing their fifth OUA title in six seasons, the Lancers knocked off Laurier, Fraser Valley and Saint Mary's to capture the prestigious Bronze Baby trophy as national champions for the fourth consecutive year.

In 2014–15, the Lancers won a historic fifth straight CIS national championship. They finished with an impressive 19–1 conference record and their sixth OUA title in the past seven seasons. Ranked #1 heading into nationals, the Lancers knocked off Laval, Saskatchewan, and McGill to make history and claim their fifth consecutive Bronze Baby trophy as national champions, becoming only the second team in CIS history to do so. The Lancers extended their CIS post-season win streak to 21–0 and Chantal Vallee was honoured as the CIS women's basketball coach of the year for the second consecutive season.

In March 2020, Lancers basketball alumnae Jessica Clemencon, Miah-Marie Langlois and Korissa Williams were named to the list of the Top 100 U Sports Women's Basketball Players of the Century (2011–2020).

## Windsor Lancers track and field

The Lancers are the most successful track and field program in Canadian Inter-University Sport history.

Led by head coach Dennis Fairall, the Lancers have captured 25 Canadian university cross country and track and field championships (20 track and field, 5 cross country), in addition to the 46 Ontario University championships (39 track and field, 7 cross country).

In his 29 seasons at the helm of the program, Coach Fairall has been honoured 65 times as either the CIS national coach of the year or the OUA Provincial Coach of the Year in Track and Field and Cross Country.

As of 2015–16, the Lancers have won 23 of the past 25 OUA provincial championships in men's track and field, and 17 of the past 25 OUA provincial championships in women's track and field.

The Lancer track and field program has featured a number of high-profile athletes over the years including national standouts O'Brian Gibbons, Andrea Steen, Mike Nolan, Ryan McKenzie and most recently Melissa Bishop. Bishop, who is still coached by Dennis Fairall, won a gold medal at the 2015 Pan Am Games in Toronto, Ontario. She also set a new Canadian record in the 800 metres in the summer of 2015 while also capturing a silver medal at the 2015 IAAF World Championships in Beijing, China.

## Awards and honors

### Athletes of the Year

*This is an incomplete list*

| **Year** | **Female Athlete** | **Sport** | **Male Athlete** | **Sport** |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  |  |  |  |  |
| 2016-17 | Krystin Lawrence | Ice hockey | Corey Bellemore | Cross country |
| 2017-18 | Kelsey Balkwill | Track and field | John Moate | Volleyball |
| 2018-19 | Carly Steer | Basketball | Pierce Johnson | Volleyball |
| 2019-20 | Alyssa Getty | Golf | Pierce Johnson | Volleyball |
|

### National awards

## InfoBox

| Windsor Lancers | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| University | University of Windsor |
| Association | U Sports |
| Conference | Ontario University Athletics |
| Athletic director | Stephanie White |
| Location | Windsor, Ontario |
| First year | 1952 |
| Varsity teams | 17 (8 women's teams and 9 men's teams) |
| Football stadium | University of Windsor Stadium |
| Arena | Capri Pizzeria Recreation Complex |
| Soccer field | Alumni Field |
| Aquatics center | St. Denis Centre Pool |
| Mascot | Winston (the Lancer) |
| Nickname | Lancers |
| Colours | Blue and Gold<br> |
| Website | www.golancers.ca |


title: Windsor Lancers women's basketball

abstract: The Windsor Lancers women's basketball team represent the University of Windsor in the Ontario University Athletics conference of U Sports women's basketball. Having won the Bronze Baby for five consecutive years (2011–15), the most recent championship victory occurred at the 2015 CIS Women's Basketball Championship.

text:
# Windsor Lancers women's basketball

The **Windsor Lancers** women's basketball team represent the University of Windsor in the Ontario University Athletics conference of U Sports women's basketball. Having won the Bronze Baby for five consecutive years (2011–15), the most recent championship victory occurred at the 2015 CIS Women's Basketball Championship.

## History

The Windsor Lancers women's basketball program, led by Head Coach Chantal Vallée, a native of Montreal, has become one of the top women's basketball programs in the country, having capturing five consecutive CIS national titles in 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, and 2015.

In 2008–09, Vallée and the Lancers made history as she led her team to a 21–1 record, their first ever OUA Provincial Championship title and a trip to the CIS National Championships in Saskatchewan, where they finished fourth. In 2010–11, the Lancers won their first ever CIS National Championship title in the program's 50th year. With a 20–2 regular season record, the Lancers were ranked in the top two in the CIS Top Ten all year long and claimed their third straight OUA Provincial Championship. At Nationals, her Lancer squad defeated the Quebec champion Laval Rouge et Or, the AUS champion Cape Breton Capers and the Canada West champion Saskatchewan Huskies to claim the CIS National Championship. With the win, the Lancers became the first host school to ever win a CIS national championship title in women's basketball at home and were also the first team outside of the Canada West Conference to win the Bronze Baby Trophy in the last 19 years.

In 2011–12, Coach Vallée and the Lancer women's basketball team captured their second straight CIS national title with a 69–53 over the second seeded UBC Thunderbirds. Ranked fourth heading into the national tournament, the Lancers defended their 2011 title by defeating AUS champion Acadia in the quarter-final, host Calgary in the semi, and the Canada West winner Thunderbirds to take the Bronze Baby back to Windsor.

In 2012–13, Vallée's squad made program history as they completed an undefeated regular season with a 21–0 record and the No. 1 ranking in Canada. It was the first time in OUA women's basketball history that a team has gone undefeated since moving away from the 12-game schedule and placed first overall in the OUA west division for the fourth consecutive year. In the playoffs, Windsor became only the fourth team in CIS women's basketball history to capture three straight CIS national titles. Coach Vallée's Lancer squad held off Carleton to win their fourth provincial title in five years, and capped off their undefeated season at the national championships with a convincing win over the host Regina Rams in the gold medal game.

In 2013–14, Coach Vallée led her team to an incredible fourth straight CIS national championship title, winning at home for the second time in four years. The Lancers finished the regular season with a sparkling 21–1 record and the No. 1 ranking in Canada. After capturing their fifth OUA title in six seasons, the Lancers knocked off Laurier, Fraser Valley and Saint Mary's to capture the prestigious Bronze Baby trophy as national champions for the fourth consecutive year. In 2014–15, the Lancers won a historic fifth straight CIS national championship. They finished with an impressive 19–1 conference record and their sixth OUA title in the past seven seasons. Ranked #1 heading into nationals, the Lancers knocked off Laval, Saskatchewan, and McGill to make history and claim their fifth consecutive Bronze Baby trophy as national champions, becoming only the second team in CIS history to do so. The Lancers extended their CIS post-season win streak to 21–0 and Chantal Vallee was honoured as the CIS women's basketball coach of the year for the second consecutive season.

Miah-Marie Langlois played 5 years for the Windsor Lancers before turning professional. She also became an Olympian and competed in the 2016 Rio Olympics.

### Individual Leader Scoring

Legend
| GP | Games played | GS | Games started | MIN | Minutes played |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| FG | Field-goals | 3FG | 3-point field-goals | FT | Free-throws |
| PTS | Points | AVG | Points per game |  |  |

|
|  |
| Season | Player | GP | Min | FG | 3FG | FT | Pts | Avg | OUA rank |
| 2012-13 | Jessica Clemencon | 21 | 581 | 139 | 0 | 97 | 375 | 17.9 | 2nd |
| 2011-12 | Jessica Clemencon | 21 | 590 | 144 | 0 | 89 | 377 | 18.0 | 3rd |
| 2010-11 | Jessica Clemencon | 22 | 679 | 150 | 0 | 119 | 419 | 19.0 | 1st |
| 2009-10 | Jessica Clemencon | 20 | 593 | 112 | 0 | 113 | 337 | 16.9 | 4th |
|

## U Sports Elite 8 results

|
|  |
| Year | Seed | Round | Opponent | Result |
| 2011 |  | First Round
Semi-Finals
Finals | Laval Rouge et Or
Cape Breton Capers
Saskatchewan Huskies | **W** 80-50
**W** 56-47
**W** 63-49 |
| 2012 |  | First Round
Semi-Finals
Finals | Acadia Axewomen
Calgary Dinos
UBC Thunderbirds | **W** 94-46
**W** 81-71
**W** 69–53 |
| 2013 |  | First Round
Semi-Finals
Finals | Ottawa Gee-Gees
Calgary Dinos
Regina Cougars | **W** 56-46
**W** 82-65
**W** 66–57 |
| 2014 |  | First Round
Semi-Finals
Finals | Laurier Golden Hawks
Fraser Valley Cascades
Saint Mary's Huskies | **W** 81-53
**W** 65-45
**W** 71-45 |
| 2015 | #1 | First Round
Semi-Finals
Finals | #8 Laval Rouge et Or
#4 Saskatchewan Huskies
#3 McGill Martlets | **W** 91–57
**W** 75–61
**W** 60–47 |
|

## International

## Awards and honors

* Chantal Vallée, 2016 CAAWS Women of Influence Award
* 2017 Windsor Lancers Alumni Sports Hall of Fame Class: Dranadia Roc

### University honors

* Kayah Clarke, 2017 Windsor Lancers Athletics Female Rookie of the Year
* Emily Prevost, 2018 The Captain's Trophy
* Carly Steer, 2019 Windsor Lancers Female Athlete of the Year

### OUA Awards

* 2011-12 OUA West Player of the Year : Jessica Clemencon
* 2010-11 OUA Player of the Year: Jessica Clemencon
* 2009-10 OUA West Rookie of the Year: Jessica Clemencon
* 2009-10 OUA West All-Rookie Team member: Jessica Clemencon
* 2016-17 OUA Rookie of the Year: Kayah Clarke

#### OUA All-Stars

*First Team*

* 2016-17 First Team: Emily Prevost
* 2012-13 OUA First Team all-star : Jessica Clemencon
* 2011-12 OUA First Team all-star : Jessica Clemencon
* 2010-11 OUA First Team all-star : Jessica Clemencon

*Second Team*

* 2016-17 Second Team: Cheyanne Roger

#### OUA All-Rookie

* 2016-17 OUA All-Rookie Team: Kayah Clarke

#### OUA Women’s Basketball Showcase

* 2018 Showcase Participant: Tyra Blizzard (named to Team Burns)

### U Sports Awards

* Jessica Clemencon, 2010 Kathy Shields Award
* Jessica Clemencon, 2011 BLG Awards
* Jessica Clemencon, 2011 Nan Copp Award
* Korissa Williams, 2015 BLG Awards
* 2009-10 CIS All-Rookie Team Member: Jessica Clemencon
* 2009-10 CIS Rookie of the Year: Jessica Clemencon

### All-Canadians

* 2012-13 CIS Second Team All-Canadian: Jessica Clemencon
* 2011-12 CIS All-Canadian: Jessica Clemencon

#### U Sports Nationals

* 2013 CIS National Championships Most Valuable Player: Korissa Williams
* 2015 CIS National Championships Most Valuable Player: Korissa Williams
* 2010-11 CIS First Team All-Canadian: Jessica Clemencon

**BLG USports Athlete of the Year**

* Jessica Clemencon 2011
* Korissa Williams 2015

## Top 100

In celebration of the centennial anniversary of U SPORTS women's basketball, a committee of U SPORTS women's basketball coaches and partners revealed a list of the Top 100 women's basketball players. Commemorating the 100th anniversary of the first Canadian university women's contest between the Queen's Gaels and McGill Martlets on Feb. 6, 1920, the list of the Top 100 was gradually revealed over four weeks. Culminating with the All-Canadian Gala, which also recognized national award winners. A total of three Windsor players were named to the list.

| Player | Years | Accolades |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Jessica Clemencon | 2009-14 | Winner of the 2010 Kathy Shields Award
Recipient of the 2011 Nan Copp Award
Won the 2011 Lieutenant Governor Athletic Awards |
| Miah-Marie Langlois | 2009-14 | Three-time winner of the CIS Defensive Player of the Year (2012, 2013, 2014)
Most Valuable Player of the 2011, 2012 and 2014 CIS National Championship
Played professionally for WBC Dynamo Novosibirsk
Won gold medal for Canada in Basketball at the 2015 Pan American Games
Also won gold medal for Canada in 2015 FIBA Americas Women's Championship and at the 2017 FIBA Women's AmeriCup
Played for Canada in Basketball at the 2016 Summer Olympics |
| Korissa Williams | 2010-15 | Most Valuable Player of the 2013 and 2015 CIS National Championships
Won the 2015 Lieutenant Governor Athletic Awards |
|

## Lancers in pro basketball

|
|  |
| Player | Position | Team(s) | League(s) | Years | Titles |
| Jessica Clemencon |  | Angers Basket 49
COB Calais | Ligue Féminine de Basketball |  |  |
| Miah-Marie Langlois | Point guard | WBC Dynamo Novosibirsk | Russian Women's Basketball Premier League |  |  |
| Raelyn Prince |  | Wolfenbüttel Wildcats | Damen-Basketball-Bundesliga |  |  |
| Iva Peklova |  | Armita Praha | Czech Women's Basketball League |  |
| Dranadia Roc |  | Valur | Úrvalsdeild kvenna |  |  |
|

## InfoBox

| Windsor Lancers women's basketball | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| University | University of Windsor |
| Head coach | Chantal Vallée |
| Conference | Ontario University Athletics |
| Location | Windsor, Ontario |
| Nickname | Lancers |
| Colors | Blue and gold
 |
| Conference tournament champions | |
| **2009, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015** | |


title: Motivation (Sum 41 song)

abstract: "Motivation" is a song by Canadian rock band Sum 41. It was released on January 5, 2002, as the third single from the album All Killer No Filler. Greig Nori appears on backing vocals.

text:
# Motivation (Sum 41 song)

"**Motivation**" is a song by Canadian rock band Sum 41. It was released on January 5, 2002, as the third single from the album *All Killer No Filler*. Greig Nori appears on backing vocals.

## Content

The song is about being nihilistic, apathetic, demotivated, and being too lazy to look for motivation to do anything.

## Music video

The music video is of the band playing in Steve Jocz' attic located in Ajax, Ontario. The room is piled with garbage and other various items.

## Track listing

Single version 1. "Motivation"
2. "Crazy Amanda Bunkface"
3. "Pain for Pleasure"
4. "Machine Gun" (Live)
5. "All She's Got" (Live)
6. "Crazy Amanda Bunkface" (Live)
7. "What We're All About" (Live)
8. "Fat Lip" (Video)
9. "In Too Deep" (Video)

EP version 1. Motivation
2. All She's Got (Live)
3. Crazy Amanda Bunkface (Live)
4. What We're All About (Live with Tommy Lee)

## Charts

| Chart (2002) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Ireland (IRMA) | 40 |
| Scotland (OCC) | 18 |
| UK Singles (OCC) | 21 |
| UK Rock & Metal (OCC) | 3 |
| US Alternative Airplay (*Billboard*) | 24 |

## InfoBox

| "Motivation" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Sum 41 | |
| from the album  *All Killer No Filler* | |
| Released | January 5, 2002 |
| Genre | Pop punk |
| Length | 2:52 |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Producer(s) | Jerry Finn |
| Sum 41 singles chronology | |
| "In Too Deep"
(2001) "**Motivation**"
(2002) "What We're All About"
(2002) | |


title: Motivation (Bertín Osborne album)

abstract:
Motivation is a studio album released by Bertín Osborne in 1989. It was the first all-English-language release from the popular Spanish singer.
The album was recorded in Miami, Florida, at Criteria Studios and Middle Ear Recording Studio. Despite Osborne's popularity in Spain, the disc was not officially released in his home country, though it was available as an import.

text:
# Motivation (Bertín Osborne album)

***Motivation*** is a studio album released by Bertín Osborne in 1989. It was the first (and to date, only) all-English-language release from the popular Spanish singer. The album was recorded in Miami, Florida, at Criteria Studios and Middle Ear Recording Studio.

Despite Osborne's popularity in Spain, the disc was not officially released in his home country, though it was available as an import.

## Track listing

1. "Motivation" (Rudy Pérez, J. Farrell) - 3:55
2. "Like a Fool" (Bee Gees) - 4:06
3. "If I Could Only Change Her Mind" (Scott Cutler, Clyde Lieberman) - 3:40
4. "Toys" (Bee Gees) - 5:03
5. "Fallin'" (Michael Bolton, Bobby Caldwell) - 3:55
6. "Freedom" (Riccardo Cocciante, J. Johnston) - 3:41
7. "Closer to the Edge" (Bernie Taupin, Martin Page) - 4:49
8. "Prove Me Wrong" (Billy Simon, Wayne Kirkpatrick) - 4:25
9. "On the Heels of a Heartache" (B. Crew, J. Corbetta, M. Holden) - 4:19
10. "The End" (D. Kisselbach, L. Merlino) - 3:44

## Personnel

* Bertín Osbornelead vocals
* Rudy Pérezguitar, percussion, backing vocals, additional engineering
* Brian Monroney – guitar
* Rene Luis Toledo – guitar
* Julio Hernandez - bass guitar
* George "Chocolate" Perry – bass guitar
* Richard Eddie – programming and keyboards
* Tony Concepcion - horns
* Kenny Faulk - horns
* Dana Tebo - horns
* Ed Calle \- horns
* Rita Quintero - backing vocals
* Wendy Pedersen - backing vocals
* Latisha Vining - backing vocals
* Mike Couzzi – engineering and mixing
* Mike Spring - additional engineering, assistant engineer
* Mike Fuller - mastering
* Paco Navarro - cover photo
* Antonio Gramatica - cover design

## InfoBox

| *Motivation* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Studio album by Bertín Osborne | |
| Released | 1989 |
| Genre | Pop |
| Label | Iperspazio |
| Producer | Wes Farrell, Rudy Pérez |
| Bertín Osborne chronology | |
| ***Vida O Castigo***
(1988) ''***Motivation''***
(1989) *Acuerdate de Mi*
(1990) | |


title: Morten Skogstad

abstract: Morten Skogstad is the drummer in the Norwegian hard rock/glam metal band Stage Dolls. He joined the band in 1993, replacing Steinar Krokstad. Skogstad was the drummer in the Norwegian hard rock band TNT from 1988 to 1989. During his tenure in TNT, he used the stage name Kenneth Odiin.

text:
# Morten Skogstad

**Morten Skogstad** (born 26 June 1962) is the drummer in the Norwegian hard rock/glam metal band Stage Dolls. He joined the band in 1993, replacing Steinar Krokstad.

Skogstad was the drummer in the Norwegian hard rock band TNT from 1988 to 1989. During his tenure in TNT, he used the stage name **Kenneth Odiin**.

## Discography

### TNT

### Stage Dolls

* *Dig* (1997)
* *Get a Life* (2004)
* *Get a Live* (2005) - live CD + bonus DVD
* *Always* (2010)

## InfoBox

| Morten Skogstad | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Background information | |
| Also known as | Kenneth Odiin |
| Born | (1962-06-26) 26 June 1962<br>Trondheim, Norway |
| Genres | Hard rock, Glam metal |
| Instrument | Drums |
| Years active | 1988–present |