title: Ulige Numre

abstract: Ulige Numre was a Danish rock band made up of Carl Emil Møller Petersen, Nick Lee (bass), Teis Lindeskov Søgaard (drums) and Jacob Ulstrup (keyboards). They are signed to A:larm / Universal Music label.

text:
# Ulige Numre

**Ulige Numre** was a Danish rock band made up of Carl Emil Møller Petersen (vocals and guitar), Nick Lee (bass), Teis Lindeskov Søgaard (drums) and Jacob Ulstrup (keyboards). They are signed to A:larm / Universal Music label.

## Career

Ulige Numre ("odd numbers" in Danish), played their debut gig 26 November 2010 in "HUSET-KBH", placed in Magstræde in Copenhagen. Playing early songs such as "Sølvvognen"("silver chariot") and "Hænder"("hands"). Through 2011 they built up a small fanbase in Copenhagen, while they recorded their music. The 26 September 2011 their debut single "København" ("Copenhagen") was released. Straight away it went to be a charting single. The self-produced music video was launched on their YouTube channel. The video, containing old footage about Copenhagen and clips from feature films, received wide media coverage and attention on social media sites. The single was promoted on DR P3, and the band made appearances on TV shows including *Det Nye Talkshow - med Anders Lund Madsen*. In 2012, "København" won "Best Song 2012" at Årets Steppeulv awards.

On 31 October 2011, the band released its well-received self-titled EP *Ulige numre*. It was released on Auditorium label and is produced by Nikolaj Nørlund. The singles "København" and "Navn i sneen" ("name in the snow") received heavy airplay on Danish radio station P3. In 2012 Ulige Numre had a growing fanbase and played concerts all over Denmark, mainly on Danish festivals, the biggest being Roskilde Festival. In June 2013, the single "Blå" (meaning "blue") was released and received a lot of airplay on Danish radio. The single reached number 38 on the Danish charts. The 12 August their debut album "Nu til Dags" ("nowadays") was released, and went number 1 on the Danish charts. The 19 September 2013 Ulige Numre began their "Nu til Dags"-tour around Denmark. The tour began in Aarhus and ended in Copenhagen 26 October.

## Split

The members of Ulige Numre announced that they were dissolving the band in a letter posted on their Facebook page on 15 March 2017.

* On 18 February 2012, the Danish reality television *X Factor* contestant Morten Benjamin performed the Ulige Numre's "København"

## Discography

### Albums

| Year | Album | Peak chart positions | Certifications |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | DEN
 | |
| 2015 | *Grand Prix* | 1 |  |
| 2013 | *Nu til Dags* | 1 |  |

### EPs

* 2011: *Ulige Numre*

### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak chart positions | Certifications | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | DEN
 | | |
| 2012 | "København" | 8 |  |  |
| 2013 | "Blå" | 39 |  |  |

## InfoBox

| Ulige Numre | |
| --- | --- |
| Ulige Numre lead singer Carl Emil Møller Petersen at Forbrændingen in January 2012. | |
| Background information | |
| Genres | Pop |
| Years active | 2011  2017 |
| Labels | A:larm / Universal Music |
|  | |
| Members | Carl Emil Møller Petersen
Nick Lee
Teis Lindeskov Søgaard
Jacob Ulstrup |


title: Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary

abstract: Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary is a.45 km⁲ protected area in Tiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu, India at 10°26′59″N 79°27′58″E. In 1999, this sanctuary was declared as a protected area. It has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2022.

text:
# Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary

**Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary is a** .45 km2 (0.2 sq mi) protected area in Tiruvarur District, Tamil Nadu, India at 10°26′59″N 79°27′58″E / 10.44972°N 79.46611°E / 10.44972; 79.46611.

In 1999, this sanctuary was declared as a protected area. It has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2022.

## Fauna

A notable aspect of the sanctuary is the large number of purple moorhen and openbill storks during February and March.

The Udayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary covers an area of around 0.45 km2 and is fed by an irrigation tank that receives water from the Mettur Dam. The tank remains dry between the months of April and August.

During the months of February and March, purple-moorhens and openbill storks can be seen here. Other migratory birds in the sanctuary include the white-ibis, Indian reef heron, white-necked stork, grey-heron, coot, night heron, purple-heron, little cormorant, spoonbill and darter.

From September through December, the bird population inhabiting the sanctuary rises to around 10,000 birds. The ideal season to visit this sanctuary is during the months of November and December.

## InfoBox

| Designations | |
| --- | --- |
| Ramsar Wetland | |
| Official name | Udhayamarthandapuram Bird Sanctuary |
| Designated | 8 April 2022 |
| Reference no. | 2476 |
|  | |


title: Ulrich von Türheim

abstract: Ulrich von Türheim was a German nobleman and a writer from the Augsburg area active during the first half of the 13th century.

text:
# Ulrich von Türheim

**Ulrich von Türheim** (c. 1195 – c. 1250) was a German nobleman and a writer from the Augsburg area active during the first half of the 13th century.

## Biography

Ulrich was born into Türheim family, an uradel German noble family originating in Swabia. Three of his works have survived: a conclusion to the version of the Tristan legend left unfinished by Gottfried von Strassburg; *Rennewart*, a continuation of *Willehalm*, left unfinished by Wolfram von Eschenbach; and fragments of a version of *Cligès* based on that of Chrétien de Troyes. It is not known whether this last work was a separate work or also a continuation, in this case of a now lost *Cligès* by Konrad Fleck. The relative chronology of these works is disputed, though *Rennewart* is generally regarded as the last.

Conrad of Winterstetten was his patron.

## Editions

* Ulrich von Türheim, *Tristan*, edited by Thomas Kerth (Altdeutsche Textbibliothek 89), Tübingen 1979.
* Ulrich von Türheim, *Rennewart*, edited by Alfred Hübner (Deutsche Texte des Mittelalters 3), Berlin 1938, ²1964.
* A. Bachmann, "Bruchstücke eines mittelhochdeutschen Cligès", *Zeitschrift für deutsches Altertum* 32 (1888) 123ff.
* A. Vizkelety, "Neue Fragmente des mittelhochdeutschen Cligès", *Zeitschrift für deutsche Philologie* 88 (1969) 409ff.

## Further reading

* *Die deutsche Literatur des Mittelalters : Verfasserlexikon*, Second Edition edited by Kurt Ruh, Berlin 1977-, volume 10.


title: Udumbunthala

abstract: Udumbunthala is a small village located in Trikarpur Panchayath, in the Kasaragod district of Kerala State in India.

text:
# Udumbunthala

**Udumbunthala** is a small village located in Trikarpur Panchayath, in the Kasaragod district of Kerala State in India.

## Places of worship

Masjid and temple

## History

About 1000 years ago, this area was under sea. When Calamities occurred, many places and rivers appeared like Udumbunthala Kavayi river, Madakkal Island, Kadappuram Padincharan river, Kadappuram etc. Gradually some feudal rulers entered with so many workers in this area and landscaped for their dwellings and cultivation. After that, Families from Nalupurappattu invaded the places where Udumbunthala, Kaikottukadavu, Valvakkad and Madakkal. Brothers like Nalupurappattu Ibrahim Haji and Mohammed Kunchi Haji were ruled till their death.they devoted some of their lands to the masjid committees as Waqf.

## Transportation

Local roads have access to NH.66 which connects to Mangalore in the north and Calicut in the south. The nearest railway station is Payyanur railway station at Payyanur on the Mangalore—Palakkad line. There are airports at Mangalore, Kannur International Airpor and Kozhikode Airport, nearest one is Kannur Int. Airport


title: Ultimate Race Pro

abstract: Ultimate Race Pro is a racing video game, which was created by Kalisto Entertainment, developed in 1997, and published by MicroProse, and released in 1998. It was bundled with PowerVR boards.

text:
# Ultimate Race Pro

***Ultimate Race Pro*** (stylized as ***Ultim@te Race Pro***) is a racing video game, which was created by Kalisto Entertainment, developed in 1997, and published by MicroProse, and released in 1998. It was bundled with PowerVR boards.

## Gameplay

The game allows a selection of 16 cars, 6 tracks, and weather choices. People can play individually, versus the computer, or multiplayer. When playing against the PC (8 opponents), players can choose between easy, normal, and hard difficulty.

## Development

The game was showcased at E3 1997.

## Critical reception

The game received favorable reviews according to the review aggregation website GameRankings. *Next Generation* called it "a great experience for all PC race drivers."

The game sold over 1 million units worldwide.

## InfoBox

| Ultimate Race Pro | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Developer(s) | Kalisto Entertainment |
| Publisher(s) | MicroProse |
| Platform(s) | Microsoft Windows |
| Release |  |
| Genre(s) | Racing |
| Mode(s) | Single-player, multiplayer |


title: UltraESB

abstract: UltraESB is a lightweight enterprise service bus (ESB) capable of supporting many transports and message formats natively. It allows messages to be mediated via Java or JSR 223 scripting languages through an API, and is the first ESB to claim support for Zero-Copy proxying of messages with Non-Blocking IO capabilities. In 2013, it was selected as the ESB and API Management platform by a recent Fortune #1 company based on its performance and stability. The initial version was published in January 2010 and the code was subsequently open sourced under the OSI approved Affero General Public License (AGPL) in 24 August 2010. Continuous nightly builds are there to ensure the performance of latest development code.

text:
# UltraESB

**UltraESB** is a lightweight enterprise service bus (ESB) capable of supporting many transports and message formats natively. It allows messages to be mediated via Java or JSR 223 scripting languages through an API, and is the first ESB to claim support for Zero-Copy proxying of messages with Non-Blocking IO capabilities. In 2013, it was selected as the ESB and API Management platform by a recent Fortune #1 company based on its performance and stability.

The initial version was published in January 2010 and the code was subsequently open sourced under the OSI approved Affero General Public License (AGPL) in 24 August 2010. Continuous nightly builds are there to ensure the performance of latest development code.

## Features

Some of the key features of UltraESB are:

* Use any IDE – Allowing users to choose any IDE for development significantly reduces the learning curve for development
* Ability to unit test, along with close to 50% code coverage
* Easily extensible via third-party libraries, Spring configured beans and custom code
* Support for number of message formats and transformations
* Support for payloads and protocols such as AS2, HL7, SOAP, REST, FIX transports such as MLLP/S, JMS, AMQP, FTP/S, SFTP and WS-Security, XACML and JTA XA transactions
* Very light weight download of ~42MB for complete distribution (Minimal version \< 9MB)
* Support for clustering and fail-over for high-availability
* Built-in metrics and JMX, CLI and Web based management

## Supporting tools

### Design and development tools

UltraESB is equipped with various development tools for testing, development and deployment.

1. IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse and NetBeans as IDEs
2. Plugin for IntelliJ IDEA
3. UTerm – An interactive command line and scriptable administration utility
4. JMX based management/monitoring support and integration with the Zabbix open source monitoring solution

### Management and monitoring tools

The management and monitoring tools are shipped with all distributions other than the minimal (Complete distribution & Source distribution).

1. UConsole – The web based management and monitoring console
2. IMonitor – executes as an independent web application and allows managing and monitoring either a single node or a cluster of ESBs

## InfoBox

UltraESB
|
|  |
| Developer(s) | AdroitLogic |
|  | |
| Stable release | 2.3.2 / April 2015 (2015-April) |
|  | |
| Written in | Java |
| Type | Enterprise Service Bus |
| License |  |
| Website | adroitlogic.org/products/ultraesb/ |


title: UltraCommuter

abstract: The UltraCommuter was a hybrid electric concept car first designed by the University of Queensland Sustainable Energy Group and unveiled in 2005. In 2007 the project was transferred to the Waikato University School of Engineering and further developed in conjunction with HybridAuto Pty.

text:
# UltraCommuter

The **UltraCommuter** was a hybrid electric concept car first designed by the University of Queensland Sustainable Energy Group and unveiled in 2005. In 2007 the project was transferred to the Waikato University School of Engineering and further developed in conjunction with HybridAuto Pty.

## Design and development

The UltaCommuter project commenced in 2000 out of the University of Queensland's award-winning solar car project, the SunShark. Dr Geoff Walker said the aim was to make a car that people could register and drive from the knowledge gained making the SunShark. The car body toured Queensland in 2005 and 2006 as part of RACQ's roadshow on the history of Queensland motoring called *Bulldust to Bitumen and Beyond*. In 2007 Matthew Greaves, Ben Guymer, and Bernie Walsh who started the UltraCommuter project formed HybridAuto and passed development on to Waikato University School of Engineering team lead, Dr. Mike Duke.

The UltraCommuter was described as a long range two seater electric vehicle. It ran on either a single 150 kg lithium battery pack which gave it a range of about 200 km. With two battery packs installed the range is doubled to 400 km. The car could attain speeds of between 120 kmh and 170 kmh. The cars aluminium honeycomb chassis was about one third the weight of a similar sized production car, and two engines are situated in the rear wheels.

HybridAuto (now Ultramotive Technologies) and Page MacRae, a Mount Maunganui engineering firm, funded the initial development cost of about NZ$150,000, with the intention of making it road legal as a research tool for investigating introducing battery electric cars into New Zealand. Ultramotive provided the electric motors. In 2007 Dr Duke of Waikato University stated that it would take at least 18 months and cost at least $10 million to market and produce between 100 and 2000 electric cars a year.

### BEV

Development work continued at Waikato University with another solar-powered car, the single seat battery electric vehicle (BEV), being certified as roadworthy in 2011. This second car was driven from Auckland to Bluff between 24 November and 6 December 2011. They were joined on the journey by Bochum University's SolarWorld GT, which was on a round the world journey.

### Refurbished UltraCommuter

In 2012 Waikato University engineering lecturer, Dr Mike Duke, announced that the University was planning to refurbish the UltraCommuter for entry into the Evolution Class of the 2013 World Solar Challenge. The car was completed and entered in the 2013 challenge. A magnet adhesion failure and stator alignment issues with the wheel motors forced the car's withdrawal.

In 2014 a fresh project to redesign, build, and test replacement motors under Mike Duke's supervision was offered to final year mechanical engineering students. The project was limited to four students.

## Production

Discussions were held in 2008 between the Waikato University electric vehicle project and British car makers with the view to establishing a Britain, Australia and New Zealand consortium that may manufacture electric vehicles in New Zealand but these did not proceed.

## World Solar Challenge

### 2007

The UltraCommuter was raced in the Greenfleet Technology Class of the Darwin to Adelaide 2007 World Solar Challenge by a Hybrid Auto and Waikato University Team. The Greenfleet Class of cars in the Challenge aimed to promote more consumer oriented low emission vehicles.

### 2013

Waikato University entered a refurbished version of the UltraCommuter in the 2013 Challenge. A day or so prior to the commencement of the race, during testing, a magnet broke out of the cars right-hand motor forcing the team to run the car on one motor. Part way through the first raceday the left hand motor broke with six magnets breaking out making the car unrepairable within the allowed timeframe and prompting its withdrawal. Prior to this the car had performed better than expected and had a longer range than expected.

## Photographs

## Publication

* Thesis: Design of Lightweight Electric Vehicles, Travis de Fluiter, University of Waikato, Hamilton New Zealand, March 2008


title: Uma Sundari

abstract: Uma Sundari is a 1956 Indian Telugu-language film, produced by M. Somasundaram under the Jupiter Pictures Pvt. Ltd. banner and directed by P. Pullayya. It stars N. T. Rama Rao, Sriranjani Jr. and music composed by Ashwathama.

text:
# Uma Sundari

***Uma Sundari*** is a 1956 Indian Telugu-language film, produced by M. Somasundaram under the Jupiter Pictures Pvt. Ltd. banner and directed by P. Pullayya. It stars N. T. Rama Rao, Sriranjani Jr. and music composed by Ashwathama.

## Plot

Once upon a time, there was a kingdom called Mahendra Puram. Its King, Raja Shekara, dotes on his sibling, Uma Sundari. Queen Neelaveni aspires to knit Uma with her green sibling Alankar Bhupathi. Uma loves and splices her beloved Vijayarayalu, the King of Raya Durgam; it grudges Neelaveni and seeks vengeance. Time passes, and Uma Sundari is blessed with seven children. Meanwhile, Raya Durgam hits with a cataclysmic drought. Uma looks for her brother's aid, which fails as per Neelaveni's wile. Currently, the public affronts Uma as doom, and she quits with her children. Parallelly, Raja Shekara discerns his sister's plight and proceeds. Devastated, Vijaya Rayulu accuses Raja Shekara and leaves the fort. At Mahendra Puram, Neelaveni scorns Uma when she drowns her children in a well out of hunger and anguish. After returning, Raja Shekara is aware of Neelaveni's ruse when she commits suicide. At the same time, Vijayarayalu becomes an insane & wanderer when Siva appears as a beggar, guides him to reach his wife, and retrieves their children & kingdom.

## Cast

## Soundtrack

| Uma Sundari | |
| --- | --- |
| Film score by Ashwathama | |
| Released | 1956 |
| Genre | Soundtrack |
| Producer | Ashwathama |

Music composed by Ashwathama. Lyrics were written by Vempati Sadasivabrahmam.

| S. No. | Song Title | Singers | length |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Amma Sailajata | Jikki |  |
| 2 | Ammalara Raare | P. Leela |  |
| 3 | Bhale Raju Vedale | Pithapuram |  |
| 4 | Raaku Raaku | Madhavapeddi Satyam, Satyavathi |  |
| 5 | Raavamma Rani | Satyavathi |  |
| 6 | Yendukoi Reraju | Ghantasala, Jikki |  |
| 7 | Raavoi Raavoi | V. Nagayya |  |
| 8 | Illuvakili Veedi Poyadaru | Jikki |  |
| 9 | Daatipogalada Naa Cheyi | N. L. Ganasaraswathi |  |
| 10 | Pooni Bandi Pooni | Pithapuram |  |
| 11 | Amba Gunanikiramba | V. Nagayya |  |
| 12 | Raave Raave Sinnadana | Pithapuram |  |
| 13 | Aadadavu Vachina | Ghantasala |  |
| 14 | Anna Chellelu | Jikki |  |
| 15 | Taarasillina Baatasarulu | Ghantasala |  |
| 16 | Jeeva Thommidi | Pithapuram |  |
| 17 | Idhi Maya Sasaamtham | Pithapuram |  |
| 18 | Verri Mudiri | Pithapuram |  |
| 19 | Nammakuraa | Ghantasala, Pithapuram |  |
| 20 | Devaa Uma Mahesa | Ghantasala |  |

## InfoBox

| Uma Sundari | |
| --- | --- |
| Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | P. Pullayya |
| Screenplay by | P. Pullayya |
| Story by | Vempati Sadasivabrahmam |
| Produced by | M. Somasundaram |
| Starring | N. T. Rama Rao
Sriranjani Jr. |
| Cinematography | P. Rama Swamy |
| Edited by | K. Govinda Swamy |
| Music by | Ashwathama |
| Production
company | Jupiter Pictures Pvt Ltd |
| Release date | * 20 July 1956 (1956-07-20) |
| Running time | 169 mins |
| Country | India |
| Language | Telugu |


title: Uma Thomas

abstract: Uma Thomas is an Indian politician serving as a member of the Kerala Legislative Assembly, representing Thrikkakkara assembly. She won the 2022 Thrikkakara byelections with a margin of 25,016 votes, which were held due to the death of her husband P. T. Thomas. Uma Thomas is the lone woman member from INC in Kerala Legislative Assembly.

text:
# Uma Thomas

**Uma Thomas** is an Indian politician serving as a member of the Kerala Legislative Assembly, representing Thrikkakkara assembly. She won the 2022 Thrikkakara byelections with a margin of 25,016 votes, which were held due to the death of her husband P. T. Thomas. Uma Thomas is the lone woman member from INC in Kerala Legislative Assembly.

## InfoBox

| Uma Thomas | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Member of Kerala Legislative Assembly | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office** <br>2022 | |
| Preceded by | P. T. Thomas |
| Constituency | Thrikkakara |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Political party | Indian National Congress |
| Spouse | P. T. Thomas |
| Children | 2 |
|  | |


title: Villalba del Alcor

abstract: Villalba del Alcor is a town and municipality located in the province of Huelva, Spain. According to the 2008 census, the municipality had a population of 3527 inhabitants.

text:
# Villalba del Alcor

**Villalba del Alcor** is a town and municipality located in the province of Huelva, Spain. According to the 2008 census, the municipality had a population of 3527 inhabitants.

37°24′N 6°28′W / 37.400°N 6.467°W / 37.400; -6.467

## InfoBox

| Villalba del Alcor | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Country | Spain |
| Autonomous community | Andalusia |
| Province | Huelva |
| Area | |
| Total | 62.5 km2 (24.1 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 153 m (502 ft) |
| Population (2018) | |
| Total | 3,283 |
| Density | 53/km2 (140/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Website | http://www.villalbadelalcor.es/es/ |


title: What-A-Burger

abstract: What-A-Burger is the trading name used by a small group of restaurants which were established by entrepreneur brothers Jack Branch and Paul E. Branch Jr. and members of the Branch family beginning in 1957 though the first What-A-Burger was opened in 1950. With the first location at a busy traffic circle near Newport News, Virginia, in the former Warwick County, they soon established additional locations in the cities of Richmond, Colonial Heights, and Petersburg, Virginia, each along busy through-traffic highway corridors. Another location was opened by a member of the Branch family in the 1950s in Greenville, South Carolina.

text:
# What-A-Burger

**What-A-Burger** is the trading name used by a small group of restaurants which were established by entrepreneur brothers Jack Branch and Paul E. Branch Jr. and members of the Branch family beginning in 1957 though the first What-A-Burger was opened in 1950. With the first location at a busy traffic circle near Newport News, Virginia, in the former Warwick County, they soon established additional locations in the cities of Richmond, Colonial Heights, and Petersburg, Virginia, each along busy through-traffic highway corridors. Another location was opened by a member of the Branch family in the 1950s in Greenville, South Carolina.

## History

The first Virginia store opened in 1957 by entrepreneur Jack Branch near Newport News, Virginia.

Newport News Circle was a busy intersection located at Jefferson Avenue and U.S. Route 258 governed by a traffic circle (aka "rotary") in the former Warwick County. (Warwick County later became politically consolidated with the City of Newport News, assuming the latter's better-known name). U.S. Route 258, later known as Mercury Boulevard in honor of the astronauts of Project Mercury at NASA's center at nearby Langley Air Force Base, led from Fort Monroe to the James River Bridge and has been a major traffic artery in the area for many years. Jefferson Avenue at the time carried Virginia Route 168, which led from Anderson's Corner on U.S. Route 60 west of Colonial Williamsburg to the harbor near Newport News Point, where traffic long crossed Hampton Roads by means of an automobile-carrying ferry (later using the Hampton Roads Bridge-Tunnel). It was a very busy location, especially in the era after World War II and before the U.S. Interstate Highway System was created.

Branch's original location on the traffic circle was operated by his brother, Paul E. Branch, Jr., and was moved some years later to another location slightly west of the former traffic circle after a highway modernization project took place. That store is continuing business as of April 2015.

Founder Branch later was involved in establishing additional stores in the independent cities of Richmond, Colonial Heights and Petersburg, Virginia, as well as one in South Carolina. The other Virginia stores were located along U.S. Route 1 (Virginia), a major through traffic corridor in the years before Interstate 95 was built. In addition to the U.S. Route 1 locations another Richmond location was added on State Route 161 in Richmond. (Route 161 was touted as a western bypass of Richmond's Lee Bridge in its early pre-Interstate Highway years, using the privately owned Boulevard Bridge to cross the James River.

## Locations

As noted above, the first What-a-Burger is still in operation at 6117 Jefferson Ave. in Newport News, Virginia, just west of its original location.

Other locations in the Richmond-Petersburg area have closed. The store located at 1018 Boulevard in Colonial Heights, Virginia, closed in 2015. A more modern location was opened off Puddledock Rd. just beyond the city limits of Colonial Heights in Prince George, Virginia, in 2013 and likely contributed to the closing of the older restaurant. One of the oldest locations, at 909 Jefferson Davis Hwy. in Richmond, VA, which in recent years operated under the names "BJ's Big Burger" and "BJ's What-a-Burger," is also closed; however, the locations at 9901 Jefferson Davis Hwy. in Chesterfield County, Virginia, and at 2350 W Washington St. in Petersburg, Virginia, remain open.

A sister restaurant, loosely affiliated with What-a-Burger and serving a similar, if not identical, menu, operates under the name Roy's Big Burger and is located at 5200 Lakeside Ave. in Richmond, Virginia. A Roy's Big Burger also formerly operated at 4108 Jefferson Davis Hwy. in Richmond, Virginia, but is now the location of a Mexican taqueria.

## Other What-A-Burgers

What-A-Burger restaurants (as well with other variations of the name) were formed by other entrepreneurs than the Branch family during the post-World War II period. For example, a small chain now based in Concord, North Carolina, was founded by Eb Bost & C.W. Bost, Jr. and operates as **What-A-Burger Drive-Ins**, Inc. with several locations, are all still under the leadership of members of their families. It also visibly numbered their stores starting from #1 in Kannapolis, North Carolina, to #15 in Concord.

The What-A-Burger restaurants in Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina are not to be confused with the much larger Whataburger chain based in Texas. Harmon Dobson, a different entrepreneur, established a "Whataburger" restaurant in Texas on August 8, 1950. The Texas Secretary of State granted Dobson a "Whataburger" trademark in 1950, and he registered a federal trademark in 1957. The Texas business eventually became a corporation with as many as 800 "Whataburger" locations across the southern United States. The San Antonio, Texas-based chain's sales hit the $1 billion mark for the first time in 2007. However, notwithstanding the much larger size of the Texas-based chain, the locations of the chain were limited to Texas, Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Missouri, Kansas and Oklahoma. The company does not have any locations in the Carolinas or Virginia. However, Whataburger has announced plans for three Charlotte locations, three Triangle locations, and nine South Carolina locations.

## Signature food

What-A-Burger locations are notable for their large burgers (in comparison with normal fast-food fare). They offer more limited menus than many larger chains. Food is generally cooked to order within sight of waiting customers.

Despite being largely bypassed by through traffic using the Interstate Highway System, the Branch family locations in the Richmond-Petersburg and Newport News areas thrived, building a local and loyal following, especially at lunch hours. Reviewers commenting online in both the Richmond and Newport News areas noted many years of their patronage. A recent review in *the State* (Columbia, SC) newspaper's blog, following their local "Cheeseburger crawl" stated "You can order either the regular What-a-burger or the What-a-burger with cheese; ordering it "all the way" comes with mustard, onions, pickles, lettuce and tomato, although you can also add ketchup and mayo, or request grilled onions."

## Lawsuit: a larger chain, similar name

During the formative years, neither the Branch family nor Dobson and his associates were apparently aware of the existence of the other. A federal trademark infringement lawsuit between the two Virginia corporations in conflict with the Virginia-based corporations (What-A-Burger of Virginia, Inc. and What-A-Burger of Newport News, Inc.) and the chain based in Texas (Whataburger) was decided in 2004.

Based upon the evidence presented when the lawsuit was brought more than 50 years later, the founders, since deceased, apparently first became aware of each other's businesses in 1970. Representatives of the Texas chain told the courts during the federal lawsuit that the company had no plans for expansion into Virginia. (Neither the North Carolina-based What-A-Burger chain nor any of the many others with similar names was a party to this lawsuit).

At the conclusion of the 2003–2004 legal action, the court found that "no actionable damages had occurred" or were likely to for either party and that there is no reasonable public confusion: "There is no evidence — nor can we imagine any — that consumers are currently likely to be confused about whether the burgers served by Virginia W-A-B come from Texas or Virginia."

1. "WHAT-A-BURGER OF VIRGINIA | 256 F.Supp.2d 476 (2003) | pp2d4761678 | Leagle.com". *Leagle*. Retrieved 2019-07-06.
2. "What-A-Burger!!! (Concord, Kannapolis, Mooresville: live, food, car) - Page 2 - City-Data Forum". City-data.com. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
3. Seltzer, Debra Jane. "North Carolina drive-ins". *RoadsideArchitecture.com*. Archived from the original on 2013-01-13. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
4. Mason, Sharon (Mar–Apr 2009). "What-A-Place" (PDF). *Cabarrus Living*. pp. 22–23. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-01-13. Retrieved 2012-09-13.
5. Hlavaty, Craig (2017-06-26). "Whataburger's official trademark turns 67 years old". *Houston Chronicle*. Retrieved 2023-11-13.
6. *What-A-Burger of Virginia v. Whataburger of Corpus Christi, Texas*, 256 F.Supp.2d 47 (E.D. Va. 2003).
7. "Whataburger buys San Antonio office building for new headquarters". *Sanantonio.bizjournals.com*. San Antonio Business Journal. 2009-03-30. Retrieved 2012-09-12.
8. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2010-05-01.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
9. Muccigrosso, Catherine (2024-04-24). "A third Whataburger in Charlotte? Records show latest expansion for Texas burger chain". *The Charlotte Observer*. Retrieved 2024-05-24.
10. Malcolm, Timothy (2024-04-10). "Whataburger looks to stake claim in Carolinas with several openings". *Houston Chronicle*. Retrieved 2024-05-24.
11.
12. "357 F.3d 441". Bulk.resource.org. Archived from the original on 2013-01-14. Retrieved 2012-09-12.

## InfoBox

What-A-Burger
| Company type | Private |
| --- | --- |
| Industry | Restaurant |
| Founded | 1957 (1957) |
| Founders | Jack Branch and Paul E. Branch Jr. |


title: Yahia El-Mekachari

abstract: Yahia El-Mekachari is a Tunisian light heavyweight amateur boxer who competed at the 2012 Olympics. At the All-Africa Games 2011 he lost to eventual winner Abdelhafid Benchebla 7:14. but won the 2011 African Championships and the 2011 Pan-Arab Games. He won the 2012 African Boxing Olympic Qualification Tournament to qualify for the 2012 Olympics. At the Olympics he defeated veteran Jakhon Qurbonov 16:8 but lost to Elshod Rasulov 6:13 in the second round.

text:
# Yahia El-Mekachari

**Yahia El-Mekachari** (born February 7, 1990, in Gafsa) is a Tunisian light heavyweight amateur boxer who competed at the 2012 Olympics.

At the All-Africa Games 2011 he lost to eventual winner Abdelhafid Benchebla 7:14. but won the 2011 African Championships and the 2011 Pan-Arab Games.

He won the 2012 African Boxing Olympic Qualification Tournament to qualify for the 2012 Olympics. At the Olympics he defeated veteran Jakhon Qurbonov 16:8 but lost to Elshod Rasulov 6:13 in the second round.

1. Results
2. Results A.Games
3. "12.Pan Arab Games - Doha, Qatar - December 14-20 2011". *amateur-boxing.strefa.pl*. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
4. "African Olympic Qualifier - Casablanca, Morocco - April 28 - May 5 2012". *amateur-boxing.strefa.pl*. Retrieved 2019-03-02.
5. "Yahia El-Mekachari Bio, Stats, and Results". *Olympics at Sports-Reference.com*. Archived from the original on 2020-04-18. Retrieved 2019-03-02.


title: Time of Our Lives (TV series)

abstract: Time of Our Lives is a television programme hosted by Jeff Stelling on Sky Sports. The format is a gathering of three players from a successful British football team from history talking over their memories of the team. Further programmes were presented by Gary Newbon when sportsmen and women were gathered from a collection of other great teams and sporting events.

text:
# Time of Our Lives (TV series)

***Time of Our Lives*** is a television programme hosted by Jeff Stelling on Sky Sports. The format is a gathering of three players from a successful British football team from history talking over their memories of the team. Further programmes were presented by Gary Newbon when sportsmen and women were gathered from a collection of other great teams and sporting events.

## Episodes

| Team | Title | First aired | Guests |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Liverpool F.C. | "The Shankly Years" | 5 January 2009 | Ian St. JohnRon YeatsChris Lawler |
| Tottenham Hotspur F.C. | "Super Spurs" | 12 January 2009 | Steve PerrymanOssie ArdilesGlenn Hoddle |
| Chelsea F.C. | "Kings of the Kings Road" | 19 January 2009 | Ron HarrisDavid WebbPeter Bonetti |
| Celtic F.C. | "The Lisbon Lions" | 26 January 2009 | Billy McNeillBertie AuldBobby Lennox |
| Leeds United A.F.C. | "The Revie Years" | 2 February 2009 | Jack CharltonNorman HunterPaul Reaney |
| Arsenal F.C. | "Cup Double Winners" | 9 February 2009 | Alan SmithPaul MersonRay Parlour |
| Everton F.C. | "Everton's Champions" | 16 February 2009 | Joe RoyleHoward KendallColin Harvey |
| Nottingham Forest F.C. | "The Forest Fire" | 23 February 2009 | Peter ShiltonKenny BurnsLarry Lloyd |
| Aberdeen F.C. | "The Dandy Dons" | 2 March 2009 | Willie MillerAlex McLeishMark McGhee |
| West Ham United F.C. | "Best of the Hammers" | 9 March 2009 | Frank McAvenniePhil ParkesTony Gale |
| Manchester City F.C. | "Mercer's Maine Men" | 16 March 2009 | Francis LeeMike SummerbeeTommy Booth |
| Ipswich Town F.C. | "The Super Blues" | 23 March 2009 | John WarkPaul CooperEric Gates |
| Rangers F.C. | "The Kings of Ibrox" | 30 March 2009 | John GreigDerek JohnstoneSandy Jardine |
| Sunderland A.F.C. | "Heroes of 73" | 6 April 2009 | Jim MontgomeryDennis TueartDick Malone |
| Arsenal F. C. | "Double Winners" | 13 April 2009 | Frank McLintockGeorge GrahamBob Wilson |
| Aston Villa F.C. | "Villa Rule Europe" | 20 April 2009 | Allan EvansTony MorleyGary Shaw |
| Queens Park Rangers F.C. | "The Super Hoops" | 11 May 2009 | Stan BowlesGerry FrancisDave Thomas |
| Wimbledon F.C. | "The Crazy Gang" | 18 May 2009 | Dave BassettAlan CorkWally Downes |
| Newcastle United | "The Entertainers" | 1 June 2009 | David GinolaJohn BeresfordSteve Howey |
| Manchester United F.C. | "Sir Matt Busby" | 8 June 2009 | Denis LawAlex StepneyDavid Sadler |
| Stoke City F. C. | "Stokes' Silver" | 10 August 2009 | Gordon BanksTerry ConroyDenis Smith |
| Derby County F.C. | "Champion Rams" | 24 August 2009 | Roy McFarlandColin ToddAlan Durban |
| Everton F. C. | "Goodison Greats" | 14 September 2009 | Andy GrayGraeme SharpKevin Sheedy |
| Burnley F.C. | "Burnley's Champions" | 21 September 2009 | Jimmy McIlroyAlex Elder – John Connelly |
| Wolverhampton Wanderers F. C. | "Wolves in the 70s" | 28 September 2009 | Kenny HibbittJohn RichardsMike Bailey |
| Newcastle United F. C. | "Fairs Cup 1969" | 12 October 2009 | Bobby MoncurPop RobsonFrank Clark |
| Blackburn Rovers F. C. | "The Rovers Return" | 19 October 2009 | Tim SherwoodColin HendryTim Flowers |
| Coventry City F.C. | "Super Sky Blues" | 26 October 2009 | Dave BennettBrian KilclineKeith Houchen |
| Luton Town | "Top Hatters" | 16 November 2009 | Ricky HillBrian SteinSteve Foster |
| West Ham United F. C. | "The Academy" | 23 November 2009 | John BondKen BrownRonnie Boyce |
| Leeds United A.F.C. | "91–92 Champions" | 30 November 2009 | Lee ChapmanGary McAllisterGordon Strachan |
| Manchester United F. C. | "United's Return" | 7 December 2009 | Lou MacariSammy McIlroyJimmy Greenhoff |
| Leicester City F. C. | "The Silver Foxes" | 14 December 2009 | Steve WalshMatt ElliottMuzzy Izzet |
| Ipswich Town F.C. | "The Ramsey Years" | 21 December 2009 | Ray CrawfordTed PhillipsLarry Carberry |
| West Bromwich Albion F. C. | "Albion Cup Kings" | Unknown | Graham WilliamsGraham LovettJohn Kaye |
| Tottenham Hotspur F. C. | Unknown | Unknown | Terry DysonCliff JonesBobby Smith |
|

## InfoBox

| *Time of Our Lives* | |
| --- | --- |
| Created by | Mark Pearman, Sky Sports |
| Presented by | Jeff Stelling |
| Theme music composer | Queen |
| Opening theme | These Are the Days of Our Lives |
| Production | |
| Executive producer | Mark Pearman |
| Original release | |
| Network | Sky Sports 1 |
| Release | 5 January 2009 (2009-01-05) |


title: Methods of production

abstract: Production methods fall into three main categories: job, batch, and flow.

text:
# Methods of production

**Production methods** fall into three main categories: job (one-off production), batch (multiple items, one step at a time for all items), and flow.

## Job production

Job production is used when a product is produced with the labor of one or few workers and is rarely used for bulk and large scale production. It is mainly used for one-off products or prototypes (hence also known as *Prototype Production*), as it is inefficient; however, quality is greatly enhanced with job production compared to other methods. Individual wedding cakes and made-to-measure suits are examples of job production. New small firms often use job production before they get a chance or have the means to expand. Job Production is highly motivating for workers because it gives the workers an opportunity to produce the whole product and take pride in it.

## Batch production

Batch production is the method used to produce or process any product of the groups or batches where the products in the batch go through the whole production process together. An example would be when a bakery produces each different type of bread separately and each product (in this case, bread) is not produced continuously. Batch production is used in many different ways and is most suited to when there is a need for a quality/quantity balance. This technique is probably the most commonly used method for organizing manufacture and promotes specialist labor, as very often batch production involves a small number of persons. Batch production occurs when many similar items are produced together. Each batch goes through one stage of the production before moving onto the next stage.

## Flow production

Flow production (mass production) is also a very common method of production. Flow production is when the product is built up through many segregated stages; the product is built upon at each stage and then passed directly to the next stage where it is built upon again. The production method is financially the most efficient and effective because there is less of a need for skilled workers.

## Lean Production

Contrary to job production, the method Boutique Manufacturing (Lean) is suitable for the production of very small to small batches, i.e. orders of a few units up to several dozens of similar or equal goods. The workflow organization of a Boutique Manufacturing entity can be a mixture of both jobbing and batch production but involves higher standardization than job production. Boutique Manufacturing is often organized with single workplaces or production cells carrying out a number of subsequent production steps until completion of certain components or even the whole product; large assembly lines are generally not used. The flexibility and variety of products able to be produced in the entity therefore are much higher than with the more standardized method of batch production.


title: Stretchin' Out

abstract: Stretchin' Out is a 1983 studio album by a trio led by clarinetist Kenny Davern, along with Chuck Riggs and Dick Wellstood.

text:
# Stretchin' Out

Professional ratings
| Review scores | |
| --- | --- |
| Source | Rating |
| Allmusic |  |
| *The Penguin Guide to Jazz Recordings* |  |

***Stretchin' Out*** is a 1983 studio album by a trio led by clarinetist Kenny Davern, along with Chuck Riggs and Dick Wellstood.

## Track listing

1. "The Man I Love" (7:33)
2. "Summertime" (7:10)
3. "Lover, Come Back to Me" (5:40)
4. "Love Me or Leave Me" (6:07)
5. "There Is No Greater Love" (8:06)
6. "Chicago Rhythm" (6:55)

## Personnel

## InfoBox

| Stretchin' Out | |
| --- | --- |
| Cover of 1994 reissue by Jazzology Records | |
| Studio album by Kenny Davern | |
| Released | 1983 |
| Recorded | January 1, 1983 |
| Genre | Dixieland revival<br>Swing |
| Label | Jazzology |
| Producer | Gus P. Statiras |
| Kenny Davern chronology | |
| *The Very thought of You* ***Stretchin' Out*** *Live hot Jazz* | |


title: Picnic Garden

abstract: Picnic Garden is a neighbourhood of East Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal.

text:
# Picnic Garden

**Picnic Garden** is a neighbourhood of East Kolkata in the Indian state of West Bengal.

## Location

Technically Picnic Garden is a locality in the Tiljala area, extending between Bartala More and VIP Nagar. For all practical purposes and in popular parlance, Picnic Garden refers to the area east of the Bondel Gate, off Ballygunge Place.

## Transport

Buses ply along Picnic Garden Road and Chandra Nath Roy Road (C.N. Roy Road) in Picnic Garden.

### Bus

#### Private Bus

#### Mini Bus

The auto-rickshaws running in three routes bring the important crossings of Ballygunge Phari, Gariahat and Park Circus within easy reach.

The construction of the Bondel Gate Rail Overbridge above the Kolkata Suburban Railway (Sealdah South Section), between Picnic Garden Road and Bondel Road, completed in 2006 after a long legal wrangle over land dispute, has eased up much of the traffic congestion. The proposed widening of Picnic Garden Road and G. S. Bose Road is yet to take place.

### Metro

The under construction VIP Bazar Metro Station on the Orange Line on being commissioned will serve the locality.

### Train

Picnic Garden is served by the Sealdah South lines of the Kolkata Suburban Railway. Ballygunge Junction railway station and Park Circus railway station are 1.4 km and 1.8 km away from Colony Bazar respectively.

## Culture

The Ras Purnima is celebrated with an elaborate fair and a circus show.

Sunil Nagar club won the prestigious Asian Paints Sharad Shamman "Best Durga Puja" award three times in 1992, 1995 and 1999.

## InfoBox

| Picnic Garden | |
| --- | --- |
| Neighbourhood in Kolkata (Calcutta) | |
| Picnic Garden Road | |
| Coordinates: 22°31′50″N 88°22′54″E / 22.53056°N 88.38167°E / 22.53056; 88.38167 | |
| Country | India |
| State | West Bengal |
| City | Kolkata |
| District | Kolkata |
| Metro Station | VIP Bazar (under construction) |
| Municipal Corporation | Kolkata Municipal Corporation |
| KMC ward | 66 |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 700039 |
| Area code | +91 33 |
| Lok Sabha constituency | Kolkata Dakshin |
| Vidhan Sabha constituency | Kasba |


title: The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted

abstract: The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted is a 1925 American silent drama film directed by James Flood and written by Bess Meredyth. It is based on the 1923 novel The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted by Gertie Wentworth-James. The film stars Irene Rich, Huntley Gordon, John Harron, Gayne Whitman, June Marlowe, and Don Alvarado. The film was released by Warner Bros. on September 12, 1925.

text:
# The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted

***The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted*** is a 1925 American silent drama film directed by James Flood and written by Bess Meredyth. It is based on the 1923 novel *The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted* by Gertie Wentworth-James. The film stars Irene Rich, Huntley Gordon, John Harron, Gayne Whitman, June Marlowe, and Don Alvarado. The film was released by Warner Bros. on September 12, 1925.

## Plot

As described in a film magazine reviews, Bob Mannering is riding in a motor car with others when the car hits and kills a woman. He is accused of causing the death. His father, district attorney John Mannering, decides to prosecute Bob for homicide. Bob’s mother, to prevent the prosecution of her fast-living son, tries to cause her husband’s political ruin by causing a scandal. She goes to a hotel with a crook who is in the employ of Mannering’s political rival, Jerry Wallace. She is double crossed and, to escape utter disgrace, flees to a secluded hotel that becomes engulfed in a forest fire. During the progress of the fire, she meets Diane, who confesses that it was she who was driving the death car. Mrs. Mannering returns to her family and Bob is freed.

## Cast

## Preservation

With no prints of *The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted* located in any film archives, it is a lost film.

## InfoBox

| The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted | |
| --- | --- |
| Still with Rich and Gordon | |
| Directed by | James Flood |
| Screenplay by | Bess Meredyth |
| Based on | *The Wife Who Wasn't Wanted*
by Gertie Wentworth-James |
| Starring | Irene Rich
Huntley Gordon
John Harron
Gayne Whitman
June Marlowe
Don Alvarado |
| Cinematography | John J. Mescall |
| Production
company | Warner Bros. |
| Distributed by | Warner Bros. |
| Release date | * September 12, 1925 (1925-09-12) |
| Running time | 70 minutes |
| Country | United States |
| Language | Silent (English intertitles) |


title: The Truth (novel)

abstract: The Truth is a fantasy novel by the British writer Terry Pratchett, the 25th book in his Discworld series, published in 2000. The book features the coming of movable type to Ankh-Morpork, and the founding of the Discworld's first newspaper by William de Worde, as he invents investigative journalism with the help of his reporter Sacharissa Cripslock. The two investigate the charges of embezzlement and attempted murder against Havelock Vetinari, and help to vindicate him. The Ankh-Morpork City Watch characters also appear in this novel, but have limited roles and are seen mainly from de Worde's perspective. C.M.O.T. Dibbler also makes an appearance.

text:
# The Truth (novel)

***The Truth*** is a fantasy novel by the British writer Terry Pratchett, the 25th book in his *Discworld* series, published in 2000.

The book features the coming of movable type to Ankh-Morpork, and the founding of the Discworld's first newspaper by William de Worde, as he invents investigative journalism with the help of his reporter Sacharissa Cripslock. The two investigate the charges of embezzlement and attempted murder against Havelock Vetinari, and help to vindicate him.

The Ankh-Morpork City Watch characters also appear in this novel, but have limited roles and are seen mainly from de Worde's perspective. C.M.O.T. Dibbler also makes an appearance.

## Plot

William de Worde, black sheep of an influential Ankh-Morpork family, scrapes out a living as a scribe producing stock letters-to-home and a gossipy newsletter for foreign notables. After a team of dwarves arrive in Ankh-Morpork to start a printing business using moveable type, De Worde and the dwarves establish *The Ankh-Morpork Times*, later employing Sacharissa Cripslock and Otto, a black-ribbon vampire and iconographer. The Guild of Engravers aim to halt the 'non-guild' activities of the *Times* by cutting off their paper supplies and establishing *The Ankh-Morpork Inquirer*, a loss-making tabloid filled with fabricated stories.

The wealthy and powerful (but anonymous) Committee to Unelect the Patrician plot to depose Lord Vetinari. They hire Mr. Pin and Mr. Tulip, a pair of mercenaries known as the New Firm, to frame Vetinari and replace him with a puppet. Pin and Tulip manage to catch off-guard the normally impassible Patrician with Charlie, a witless Pseudopolitan Vetinari look-alike coerced into helping them. The plan goes awry when Vetinari's clerk Drumknott returns in the middle of the scene and the New Firm is forced to stab him and render Vetinari unconscious; their efforts are hampered by Lord Vetinari's terrier, Wuffles, who bites Mr. Pin and escapes, becoming the sole witness to the crime.

After William ill-advisedly advertises a reward for information leading to Wuffles' recovery, the New Firm, disguised as Omnian clergy, attempt to gather information about Wuffles from the *Times* but are frightened off by Otto's experimental dark-light 'obscurograph' technology (which unpredictably produces images of the past, the future or what is "really there"). Realizing that the job is much harder than their employers had initially suggested, the New Firm decides to skip town. They extort from their employers' zombie lawyer Mr. Slant their promised payment and a big "bonus" in jewels, using compromising voice recordings captured with a dis-organiser Mk II.

An anonymous tipster named "Deep Bone" helps William find Wuffles and "translate" his testimony, giving William the last pieces of the puzzle. Sacharissa accidentally discovers the New Firm's hideout in the de Worde family townhouse and is captured. The New Firm head back to the *Times* offices hoping to exchange her for Wuffles and silence all witnesses. In the ensuing struggle the *Times* offices catch fire. William and the others escape while Pin and Tulip hide in the cellar. Pin, driven insane due to the dark-light visions of the New Firm's deceased victims, kills Tulip to steal his potato (which he believed would allow him to reincarnate after death) and uses him as a raft against molten lead. Escaping from the cellars, he attacks William but is impaled on William's memo spike. William retrieves the jewels and the dis-organiser, and discovers Wuffles's bitemark on Tulip's leg. Blackmailing the *Inquirer* 's staff, the crew borrow one of their presses to get the expose printed.

The story clears Lord Vetinari's name before the Guild-controlled Patrician can seize power. From the recordings on the dis-organiser, William discovers that his father Lord de Worde, an ardent speciesist opposed to Vetinari's tolerance of non-human residents in the city, is the mastermind behind the Committee. He decides to confront him. A tense argument, blackmail with the threat of exposure, a fortune in jewels, and threats from Otto fail to intimidate Lord de Worde into returning to his self-imposed exile as William demands. However, after learning that his machinations nearly killed his own son, Lord de Worde admits defeat and walks away. William manages to blackmail Slant into providing his services *pro bono* to get him released from Watch custody and to resolve his dispute with the Engravers' Guild.

William is ambivalent about the new role of the free press but resolves that someone must tell the public the truth about what goes on in the city, even if the public is disinterested. The *Times* comes to be recognized, if not exactly welcomed, by the powers that be in the city, and William and Sacharissa make plans to expand even further. It is revealed that Tulip and Pin have been reincarnated as a woodworm and a potato, respectively.

## Characters

* Otto Chriek
* Sacharissa Cripslock
* Gunilla Goodmountain
* Mr. Pin
* Mr. Tulip
* Havelock Vetinari
* William de Worde
* Lord de Worde
* Mr Slant

## Reception

At the *SF Site*, Steven H Silver judged that Pratchett's decision to present the novel from William's viewpoint "infused (it) with a freshness that has been lacking from many of Pratchett's (then-)recent books". *CNN* called it "technically a fantasy novel, but an unconventional one. And a funny one — the laugh-out-loud kind of funny that comes along all too infrequently," saying that Pratchett was a "master at wordplay" and that the novel was full of "striking example(s) of linguistic gymnastics".

*Infinity plus* described it as an "excellently plotted tale of mystery and murder" and "an hilarious take on the newspaper business", its only fault being that the book's title was "descriptive" but insufficiently "fun".

*Publishers Weekly* considered it "Pratchett's best one yet", and noted parodic similarities to *Pulp Fiction* and *His Girl Friday*. *MIT Technology Review* observed that it "combines humor and political satire to great effect" and compared it to the work of Oscar Wilde, but felt that it relied too strongly on coincidence, that there was insufficient closure to some of the plot threads, and that "some of the dialogue tries too hard to be witty", ultimately concluding that although it may be "quite unfair to set \[Pratchett\] to higher standards than other \[authors\]", the quality of work he produced would naturally lead readers to have heightened expectations.

## InfoBox

The Truth
| First edition | |
| --- | --- |
| Author | Terry Pratchett |
| Cover artist | Josh Kirby |
| Language | English |
| Series |  |
| Subject |  |
| Genre | Fantasy |
| Publisher | Doubleday |
| Publication date | 2000 |
| Awards | Came 193rd in The Big Read. |
| ISBN | 0-385-60102-6 |
| Preceded by | *The Fifth Elephant* |
| Followed by | *Thief of Time* |


title: Theatre of Ice

abstract: Theatre of Ice was an American early deathrock band that formed in the Nevada desert in December 1978. Initially formed to record a soundtrack for a horror movie, the members instead evolved into what some claim was the first deathrock band. Owing more initially to experimental groups such as Throbbing Gristle, Suicide and Chrome, the band also cited bands as diverse as Iron Butterfly, Blue Öyster Cult, The Moody Blues and Roxy Music as major influences. Theatre of Ice brought a modern approach to gothic-horror themes by tackling the idea of an underground spook show in the contemporary world. "Our world is rapidly becoming a theatre of ice. A place where cold passionless vision rules. A place where fear and horror dominate out thinking. Theatre of Ice is a natural extension of this twisted world of ours. Its members seek only to recreate through music the insanity and terror they believe is all around them. They offer the world, both through their live performances and taped offerings, the opportunity to hear what only they have seen."

text:
# Theatre of Ice

**Theatre of Ice** was an American early deathrock band that formed in the Nevada desert in December 1978. Initially formed to record a soundtrack for a horror movie, the members instead evolved into what some claim was the first deathrock band. Owing more initially to experimental groups such as Throbbing Gristle, Suicide and Chrome, the band also cited bands as diverse as Iron Butterfly, Blue Öyster Cult, The Moody Blues and Roxy Music as major influences. Theatre of Ice brought a modern approach to gothic-horror themes by tackling the idea of an underground spook show in the contemporary world.

"Our world is rapidly becoming a theatre of ice. A place where cold passionless vision rules. A place where fear and horror dominate out thinking. *Theatre of Ice* is a natural extension of this twisted world of ours. Its members seek only to recreate through music the insanity and terror they believe is all around them. They offer the world, both through their live performances and taped offerings, the opportunity to hear what only they have seen."

## The Nevada years (1978–1985)

Originally calling themselves **The Bleeding Hearts** the band recorded several demos during 1978 and 1979. The name was changed to Theatre of Ice at the end of 1979 and reflected the bands notion of a person sitting alone bathed in the silvery cold light of their television, slowing losing touch with reality. They burst onto the cassette culture scene in 1980 with the release of *Mouse Blood* (a title they would later re-use). Sixty minutes of bizarre noise and songs about death and the end of the world, more than 1000 copies were disseminated throughout the world and garnered the band a recording contract with fledgling Demented Mind Mill Records. Their first album *The Haunting* was recorded in 1981 in an actual haunted house in the Nevada desert. While thought by many to be just a gimmick the band claimed that it inspired them to create what is one of the more deranged albums to ever be recorded. Rather than opting for one musical style the album alternates between hard razor-sharp, creepy-crawly punk rock with echo like wolf howls to textural synthesizer soundtracks filled with strange noises. But while the musical style varied the themes remained rooted in modern horror.

The original line up included Brent Johnson (vocals, guitar) and his brothers John Johnson (guitar, keyboards, and vocals), Eric Johnson (bass guitar), Mark Johnson (drums) and Lyle Johnson (electronics). In describing the songmaking process Brent Johnson was quoted as saying: *"We approach every song like painting a picture. The subject comes first, then the tones, color and shades necessary to set the mood. The actual structure of the song (i.e. the tune) is the least important. We never set out to do something "different" or "original", nor do we attempt to be "mainstream" -- things just end up how they end up."*

Their second album *Beyond the Graves of Passion* received much of the same critical acclaim that their first album received. Simultaneously scarier and more accessible, the album had the effect of polarizing their audience into two camps; those that considered the band to be basically a kitschy novelty act and those that thought Theatre of Ice to be unholy prophets from the underworld. Ultimately the album failed to garner the group a wider audience beyond their small, but rabid, cult following and was considered a major disappointment by their record company. It was also during this time that groups of devotees began following the band from show to show often performing bizarre rituals before, during and after shows. Several altercations between the band and their devotees, combined with poor album sales, lead the band to consider disbanding. The most infamous of these altercations occurred in August 1983 when a group of crazed fans abducted the band for nearly 48 hours before a performance in Reno, Nevada. No arrests were ever made but the band refused to play live for many years and to this date most of their performances go unpublicized.

The final live performance of Theatre of Ice (at least that is what it was believed to be at the time) took place during the autumnal equinox in 1983 in a vast alkaline desert flat, littered with hundreds of dead animal skeletons, and located about 25 miles from the family's farm in remote Fallon, Nevada. A huge wooden TOI symbol was burned while the band played nearly every song from their first 2 albums along with several earlier works. Although the location was remote and was not well publicized, several hundred "devotees" attended the performance. The similarities in location and date between this event and what some few years later would become known as the Burning Man Festival are quite startling. Ironically the band closed the event playing "The Burning Man" from *The Haunting*.

*A Cool Dark Place to Die* was initially conceived as a solo project for lead vocalist Brent Johnson but instead became the band's third and one of their most critically acclaimed work. Since the only condition under which the band would reform was if they were never asked to perform live again, a commitment they were never able to keep, the songs took on a far more experimental and unearthly quality. Featuring incredibly effective spooky ambiance, they all but totally abandoned their punk rock roots for a far more electronic sound. This time the band choose to record in various ghost town cemeteries located throughout the Nevada desert. Perhaps more mood than music it was still reviewed by almost every music magazine as Death Rock and acclaimed as unlike anything heard before. "Densely rich cemetery songs. Synthesizers projecting ethereal dischords to the back of the head; quiet but crashing guitars; unconventional percussion, and vocals that sound as if they are about to commit suicide. Oh baby, groove to the sound of the gentle annihilation beat. I've had to rescue this album from coveters more than once. Morbid minds think alike and perversity is a shared trait. Mortals stick with this – prophets should be heard if not endured".

*Mouse Blood* was intended to be the band's final offering as brothers Brent and John moved to Utah to attend college at Brigham Young University and brothers Eric and Mark departed on missions for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Georgia and Connecticut. Labeled as "A limited edition sampling of the works of Theatre of Ice as chosen by friends who hate the band" it included songs from their first three albums as well as a few newly recorded tracks. The new songs were recorded in an old abandoned barn located on the family farm. At the conclusion of the recording process the band chose to set fire to the barn and with it destroy all lyric sheets, correspondences, tapes, photos and videos that were in their possession. They basically were attempting to destroy any and all evidence that the band had ever existed (with the obvious exception of the 4 albums they had recorded). Lead singer Brent Johnson was quoted as saying, "Only fire can destroy the monsters we have created". It was also rumored that the band had committed suicide in the firery blaze, a rumor it is believed the band encouraged.

The album, however, was heralded by the music press as one of the most innovative albums of the decade. *Alternative Press* wrote: "Think of Poe's Black Cat as a reference point for *Mouse Blood*. As in Poe the suggestion of insanity always lays close to a formal artistic surface. Imagine Poe living in the contemporary family, and then you'll sense how *Mouse Blood* flows through the dark night of domestic horror. Theatre of Ice sounds far more uncompromising than Bauhaus or The Cure in their search for the sublime within the dark hidden regions of themselves. What stands revealed is the core connection between gothic rock and American Romanticism. Theatre of Ice is concerned not only with the geography of the soul but that of the American West. In this sense, their songs of premature burial take on a deep suggestiveness. The formal horror of Theatre of Ice is nothing less than bizarre horror of the American West; a land of nuclear test sites, animal carcass dumps, and Mormon catacombs."

## The Utah years 1985–1988

With *Mouse Blood* selling in record numbers and receiving such high critical acclaim, the Demented Mind Mill convinced Brent and John Johnson to record one more album. The label had recently released a number of highly unsuccessful albums and was in need of money badly. Dale Garrard, who had spent time as a guitarist in both Chrome and P.O.A. joined the band as lead guitarist, and Theatre of Ice was once again "creating monsters". The brothers Johnson actually first meet Garrard in a Provo, Utah, cemetery at almost precisely the stroke of midnight. The Johnsons were there to take some flash photos for their new album, what Garrard was doing there is not known. But the idea of running into a guitarist of his caliber in a cemetery at midnight was seen as a sign of "interesting" things to come.

The band immediately began work on their fifth album *The Resurrection*, the title referring to the band rising once again from the dead. With Dale Garrard, John and Brent Johnson all playing guitar as well as other instruments the album took on a dark, heavy, near metal sound; this was not seen initially as a positive direction for the band by their label who wanted them to stick closer to the sound of their previous two albums, which had become the biggest commercial successes the Demented Mind Mill had. The label soon changed their mind when promotional versions of "Gone With The Worms", and "Tomorrow Never Comes", the first two songs released for the new album, received favorable responses from radio stations across Europe.

*The Resurrection* was the first album the band did not attempt to record entirely at some remote haunted" location. No haunted houses, and with the exception of 2 songs, no cemeteries. It is not completely known chronologically which songs were recorded first – so it is not known whether the events that occurred when recording "She Sleeps" and "Holy Holy Cry" led to the decision to end the "haunted location recording sessions" or not. What is well documented is that the band chose a small unused and seldom cared for cemetery to record these two previously mentioned dark and moody pieces. During the play-back of "Holy Holy Cry" it is reported by all who were present that something could be heard rapidly moving through the grass, weeds, and bushes toward the grave where the band had set up to record. The sound was almost like that of galloping beast, it is said. Suddenly an invisible force burst out of the darkness and fell upon all who were there – and then left just as suddenly. It is widely held that this event led to John Johnson leaving the band upon completion of the album.

Recording completed just before Christmas 1985 and the album was set to be released in early 1986. Despite their commitment to never play live again, at the conclusion of the recording process the band played an impromptu concert in the isolated mountain town of Payson, Arizona. Live versions of the previously released *Funeral Games* and the newly penned *Santa Claws* (written 30 minutes before they took the stage) were included on *The Resurrection* in an attempt to end the rumors that the band had indeed committed suicide six months earlier in the "Mouse Blood Fire", a rumor that had continued to grow despite the announced release of a newly recorded album.

*The Resurrection* proved, however, to be the death knell for the Demented Mind Mill. Although another critical success for the band it sold very poorly; it is debatable whether its poor sales led to the closing of the Demented Mind Mill or whether the impending bankruptcy of the Demented Mind Mill led to the albums poor sales. To this date it is unknown how many actual copies were pressed or sold, the album is almost impossible to find and rarely comes up for sale on any of the internet auction sites.

Orphanage Records, an American label with a solid reputation in the Gothic Rock and Death rock music scenes, offered to re-release *The Resurrection*; but were unable to obtain any of the masters, except for the two live recordings, from the Demented Mind Mill. So Orphanage Records asked the band to re-record seven of the songs from the album, one from *The Haunting*, two from *Beyond the Graves of Passion*, nine new originals, and reuse the two live recordings. These 17 "new" songs were released in 1986 as *Love... Is Like Dying*. Even though John Johnson is credited as playing on the album, it is a known fact that he had previously left the group and only appears on the two live recordings.

*Love... Is Like Dying* was an immediate success for both the band and for their new label. With songs as diverse as "Dreams of Fire" and "In The Attic", the album greatly increased their fan base and for the first time put them on the radar of college radio stations across the country. This opened the door for the band to tour parts of the country it had never played live to, it was just up to their label to assure them that "nothing bad would happen" if they were to go on an extended tour.

During the fall of 1986 the band committed to its only extended tour of the United States. To accommodate the tour three new members were added to the band; Jay Planty on guitar, Ted Preiss on bass, and Jason Cobb on drums. For the most part the tour was uneventful, playing mostly as a supporting act, the group performed before crowds that were largely unfamiliar with their history. On New Year's Eve, 1986, the tour concluded in Fallon, Nevada, the birthplace of the band, with a performance in what had long been alleged to be a haunted slaughterhouse. A large concrete edifice, the abandoned slaughterhouse had been the site of many strange sightings and the subject of local ghost stories for over 20 years. More of a video shoot and recording session than an actual concert, it was made open to the public and several hundred of the locals braved the spirits and the cold to attend the show. With their now stripped down, punkier sound, the band tore through several versions of "In the Attic", "Miron", "Gone With the Worms", "A Cool Dark Place to Die", "Red Asphalt" and "Within the Ruins of a Mind". The concert was intended to conclude at the stroke of midnight, ushering in the New Year. But sometime slightly after 11:00pm a bizarre event occurred; all the power suddenly turned off and the slaughterhouse was thrown into total blackness. A few seconds later an unearthly moan howled forth from every speaker and amplifier. An other worldly wail that lasted nearly 30 seconds. Stunned and terrified, the majority of the crowd hastily dispersed and the concert came to a screeching halt. To this date it is still a matter of speculation as to whether this was an actual supernatural occurrence, or was staged by the band in an attempt to add to their mystique and legend. What is known is that Jay Planty, Ted Preiss, and Jason Cobb left the band after the event. Planty and Preiss would return several years later, but this was the last time the band recorded at any alleged haunted sites or cemeteries. Three of the Songs from the session were chosen to be released as the band's first seven-inch EP, *In the Attic*. Along with the title track the record included "Gone with the Worms" and "Within the Ruins of a Mind". The record was a howling success and was the first in what would be a long string of seven inch EPs the band would release.

Immediately after returning from Nevada the band began work on their next album, *The Dead*. The first album to be recorded entirely in a studio, all of the tracks were written and recorded by Brent Johnson and Dale Garrard. The album departed greatly from all of their previous efforts and included several mainstream sounding rock songs with slick production values. The departure was so great that Orphanage Records decided not to release it under the band's name, choosing instead to release it under the name *Oblivion Now*. It was only through a miscommunication with the printers and pressing plant that the wrong cover and labels were printed and *The Dead* became the band's seventh album. A tremendous failure with fans and non-fans alike, the album was literally pulled from the shelves and scrapped.

To erase the failure of *The Dead* the decision was made to record a live album. Three new members were again added to the band; Craig Moore on guitar, George Carlston on bass, and Richard Hillquist on drums. *Live… Beyond the Graves of Utah* was recorded during the summer of 1988. *"Summertime in small-town Utah. Beautiful tree lined streets, families picnicking in the park, children laughing and playing. A scene straight out of Leave it to Beaver. But something was about to descend upon happy valley. During the summer of 1988 Theatre of Ice toured Utah playing anywhere they could – V.F.W. halls, jr. high auditoriums, movie theaters, skating rinks, hamburger joints, even an abandoned grocery store. The crowds varied in size and enthusiasm, but one thing was certain, they'd never forget what they saw and heard. It's been said by many before; Theatre of Ice was a lousy band live. So why a live CD? Perhaps their detractors expected them to try and reproduce their dark, gloomy syntho-beats live. But that's not what a Theatre of Ice show was about. Instead they packed away their patented electronic experimentation, cranked up the guitars and stepped into high gear. Vocals shouted rather than sung, guitars thrashed and drums beaten rather than played. It was always more about the experience than the music. Songs about killing girlfriends, suicidal* *maniacs, and child molesters were undoubtedly not the normal family home evening fare in small-town Utah. But for one evening during the summer of 1988 it was. You can make your own decision as to whether Theatre of Ice was a lousy band live or not. Just ask yourself one question – would you like to have been one of the unsuspecting present when Theatre of Ice took the stage?"*

During the tour, the newly penned song, "Kill Your Girlfriend," quickly became the climax of each performance. So it was no surprise that Orphanage Records decided to release a live version of the song as the title track of the band's next 7 inch ep. Easily the crudest and sloppiest recording the band had yet to release, it rapidly became the group's largest selling record. Punk rock periodicals like Flipside (fanzine) and Maximum Rock N' Roll, which had previously dismissed the band as arty and pretentious, wrote rave reviews of the record. "Demented, sick, deranged, perverted, degrading -- In other words, pure enjoyment. This is brilliant raunchy rock and roll, obviously the product of disturbed minds. Parental guidance suggested." With the band now at the zenith of its popularity, the decision was made to relocate to Phoenix, Arizona; the home of Orphanage Records.

## Death of band members

Brent Johnson, founder of Theatre of Ice, died on February 20, 2017, in Avondale, Arizona.

Mark Johnson, an original member of Theatre of Ice, died December 4, 2003, near Florence Junction, Arizona.

## Discography

| Title | Year | Label |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Studio albums** | | |
| *Mouse Blood 1981* | 1981 | Demented Mind Mill |
| *The Haunting* | 1982 | Demented Mind Mill |
| *Beyond the Graves of Passion* | 1983 | Demented Mind Mill |
| *A Cool Dark Place to Die* | 1984 | Demented Mind Mill |
| *Mouse Blood* | 1985 | Demented Mind Mill |
| *The Resurrection* | 1986 | Demented Mind Mill |
| *Love... Is Like Dying* | 1986 | Orphanage Records |
| *The Dead* | 1987 | Orphanage Records |
| *Murder the Dawn* | 1990 | Orphanage Records |
| **Live albums** | | |
| *Live Beyond the Graves of Utah* | 1988 | Harsh Reality Music |
| *Live is a Wild and Scarey Thing* | 1993 | Orphanage Records |
| **EPs** | | |
| *In The Attic* | 1987 | Orphanage Records |
| *Kill Your Girlfriend* | 1988 | Orphanage Records |
| *This is What You Get for Christsmas* | 1988 | Orphanage Records |
| *It's All Over Now* | 1989 | Orphanage Records |
| *Rock Star Autopsy* | 1991 | Orphanage Records |
| *Radio Has Gone Insane* | 1991 | Orphanage Records |
| **Compilation albums** | | |
| *Life is a Wild and Scarey Thing Greatest Hits Package* | 1992 | Orphanage Records |
| *Lurid Little Lies Greatest Hits Package* | 2001 | MP3.COM |
| *More Fun Than You Deserve Pop Hits Package* | 2001 | MP3.COM |
| *Death Becomes You Punk/Garage Hits Package* | 2002 | MP3.COM |
| *From the Cold Dark Regions Gothic/Deathrock Package* | 2002 | MP3.COM |

## InfoBox

| Theatre of Ice | |
| --- | --- |
| Origin | Fallon, Nevada, U.S. |
| Genres | Deathrock, gothic rock, horror punk, post-punk |
| Years active | 1978–1990 |
| Labels | Demented Mind Mill, Orphanage |
|  | |
| Past members | * Brent Johnson * John Johnson * Eric Johnson * Mark Johnson * Lyle Johnson * John Baradat * Felton Thomas * Dale Garrard * Jay Planty * Ted Priess * Jason Cobb * Craig Moore * George Carlston * Richard Hillquist * Anthony Payton * Doskocil |


title: The Valley Leadership Academy

abstract: The Valley Leadership Academy is an 11–16 co-educational secondary school with academy status in Stacksteads, Bacup, Lancashire, England. It was formerly a community school and adopted its present name after becoming an academy in July 2019. It is part of Star Academies.

text:
# The Valley Leadership Academy

**The Valley Leadership Academy** (formerly **Fearns Community Sports College**) is an 11–16 co-educational secondary school with academy status in Stacksteads, Bacup, Lancashire, England. It was formerly a community school and adopted its present name after becoming an academy in July 2019. It is part of Star Academies.

## School inspections

In June 2014, the school was placed in special measures, after being rated 'inadequate' in every category of the latest OFSTED report. The inspectors stated that "marking is ‘inconsistent’, pupil attendance is poor and senior leaders and governors have failed to improve the quality of teaching and raise achievement since the last ‘satisfactory’ inspection in June 2012".

## Notable formerpupils

## InfoBox

| The Valley Leadership Academy | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | |
|  | |
| Fearns Moss, Stacksteads
Bacup, Lancashire, OL13 0TG
England | |
| Coordinates | 53°41′22″N 2°19′13″W / 53.68940°N 2.32029°W / 53.68940; -2.32029 |
| Information | |
| Former name | Fearns Community Sports College |
| Type | Academy |
| Local authority | Lancashire County Council |
| Trust | Star Academies |
| Department for Education URN | 147018 Tables |
| Ofsted | Reports |
| Executive Principal | Collette Roberts |
| Gender | Co-educational |
| Age range | 11–16 |
| Capacity | 1,050 |
| Website | thevalleyleadershipacademy.com |


title: The Way Old Friends Do (play)

abstract: The Way Old Friends Do is a play by Ian Hallard. It is a comedy that tells the story of the world's first drag ABBA tribute band, formed by two old schoolfriends who meet again by chance.

text:
# The Way Old Friends Do (play)

***The Way Old Friends Do*** is a play by Ian Hallard. It is a comedy that tells the story of the world's first drag ABBA tribute band, formed by two old schoolfriends who meet again by chance.

## Plot

The play follows the ups and downs in the friendship of Peter and Edward, who were at school together in Birmingham in the 1980s. Edward came out to Peter as gay, and Peter as an ABBA fan. They find each other again after twenty years of estrangement and book a one-off gig at the local theatre as a drag ABBA tribute band. They decide to play Frida and Agnetha, and recruit wannabe actress Jodie and eccentric rehearsal pianist Mrs Campbell as Björn and Benny. Stage manager Sally is the final member of the team.

Avid Australian fan, Christian, convinces them to pursue the idea, and they embark on a life on the road. However Christian's romantic involvement with Edward leads to the breakdown of his friendship with Peter.

## Production history

### UK Tour (2023)

The play made its world premiere in The Studio at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre on 17 February 2023, before touring the UK. The production was directed by Mark Gatiss.

### West End (2023)

The play transferred to the Criterion Theatre in London's West End from 17 August until 9 September 2023.

## Cast and characters

| Character | UK Tour | West End |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | 2023 | |
| Sally | Donna Berlin | |
| Edward | James Bradshaw | Anton Tweedale |
| Mrs Campbell | Sara Crowe | |
| Peter | Ian Hallard | |
| Christian | Andrew Horton | |
| Jodie | Rose Shalloo | |
| Voice of Nan | Miriam Margolyes | |
| Voice of Radio DJ | Paul O'Grady | |

## Critical reception

*The Guardian*'s Arifa Akbar and *The Arts Desk*'s Aleks Sierz both gave the play 3 out of 5 stars, while the *Evening Standard*'s Nick Curtis gave the play 2 out of 5 stars. WhatsOnStage.com's Diane Parkes gave the play 4 out of 5 stars, and Libby Purves gave it 4 out of 5 stars, describing it as "ABBAsolutely a delight" and that "you're a curmudgeon if you don't warm to it."

## InfoBox

| The Way Old Friends Do | |
| --- | --- |
| Written by | Ian Hallard<br> |
| Date premiered | 17 February 2023 |
| Place premiered | The Studio, Birmingham Repertory Theatre |
| Original language | English |
| Genre | Comedy |


title: Theekattu

abstract: Theekattu is a 1987 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Joseph Vattoli. The film stars Jagathy Sreekumar, Ratheesh, Rohini and Captain Raju in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Murali Sithara.

text:
# Theekattu

***Theekattu*** is a 1987 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Joseph Vattoli. The film stars Jagathy Sreekumar, Ratheesh, Rohini and Captain Raju in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Murali Sithara.

## Cast

## Soundtrack

The music was composed by Murali Sithara and the lyrics were written by Kollam Vidyadharan.

| No. | Song | Singers | Lyrics | Length (m:ss) |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | "Oru Kodi Swapnangalaal" | K. J. Yesudas | Kollam Vidyadharan |  |
| 2 | "Yat Sankalpam" | K. S. Chithra | Kollam Vidyadharan |  |

## InfoBox

| Theekattu | |
| --- | --- |
| Directed by | Joseph Vattoli |
| Written by | Reji George
Joseph Vattoli (dialogues) |
| Screenplay by | Joseph Vattoli |
| Starring | Jagathy Sreekumar
Ratheesh
Rohini
Captain Raju |
| Cinematography | Melly Dayalan |
| Edited by | K. S. Sivachandran |
| Music by | Murali Sithara |
| Production
company | Aji Arts |
| Distributed by | Aji Arts |
| Release date | * 21 August 1987 (1987-08-21) |
| Country | India |
| Language | Malayalam |


title: Theodard of Utrecht

abstract: Theodard (Thiatbraht) was Bishop of Utrecht from around 784 to around 790. It is believed that because of his name Théodard, like his predecessors Gregory and Alberic, he was related to the Carolingian house. There is nothing known of his administration. In Vienna there is a 6th-century Livy manuscript written with a note from the 8th century: Codex iste est episcopi Theutberti the Dorestat.

text:
# Theodard of Utrecht

**Theodard** (Thiatbraht) was Bishop of Utrecht from around 784 to around 790.

It is believed that because of his name Théodard, like his predecessors Gregory and Alberic, he was related to the Carolingian house. There is nothing known of his administration.

In Vienna there is a 6th-century Livy manuscript written with a note from the 8th century: *Codex iste est episcopi Theutberti the Dorestat* (translation: this book is owned by Theutbert, bishop of Dorestad).

## Further reading

* Dekker, C., *history of the province of Utrecht*, Utrecht, 1997
* Dick Block, *The Netherlands Franconia*, Haarlem, 1979

## InfoBox

| Theodard | |
| --- | --- |
| Bishop of Utrecht | |
| Church | Catholic Church |
| Diocese | Archdiocese of Utrecht |
| In office | 784–c.790 |
| Personal details | |
| Died | around 790 |


title: The Weald School

abstract: The Weald School is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form. It caters for around 1,700 pupils in years 7 to 13, including over 300 in its sixth form. The school opened in 1956, and celebrated its 60th anniversary in the academic year 2016-17. In December 2008 Mr P May, headteacher since 1998, retired and Peter Woodman became the new Head having left RSA Academy Arrow Vale to take up the post. In December 2020 Peter Woodman retired, leaving Mrs Sarah Edwards as interim head teacher. Mrs Sarah Edwards was appointed headteacher in March 2021. The school is located in the village of Billingshurst, West Sussex, England. Its grounds adjoin the main road through the village, and is shared with the local leisure facilities at Weald Recreation Centre. On 20 September 2008, the Weald Recreation Centre became the Billingshurst Leisure Centre. The Centre is run by Places Leisure on behalf of Horsham District Council. The Weald admits students from a wide catchment area, reaching north to the Surrey/Sussex Border, south to Bury, west to Midhurst, and even into parts of Horsham.

text:
# The Weald School

**The Weald School** is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form. It caters for around 1,700 pupils in years 7 to 13, including over 300 in its sixth form. The school opened in 1956, and celebrated its 60th anniversary in the academic year 2016-17. In December 2008 Mr P May, headteacher since 1998, retired and Peter Woodman became the new Head having left RSA Academy Arrow Vale to take up the post. In December 2020 Peter Woodman retired, leaving Mrs Sarah Edwards (previously deputy Headteacher) as interim head teacher. Mrs Sarah Edwards was appointed headteacher in March 2021.

The school is located in the village of Billingshurst, West Sussex, England. Its grounds adjoin the main road through the village, and is shared with the local leisure facilities at Weald Recreation Centre. On 20 September 2008, the Weald Recreation Centre became the Billingshurst Leisure Centre. The Centre is run by Places Leisure (a Places for People subsidiary) on behalf of Horsham District Council.

The Weald admits students from a wide catchment area, reaching north to the Surrey/Sussex Border, south to Bury, west to Midhurst, and even into parts of Horsham.

## Extracurricular activities

### Radio Weald

Radio Weald is a Student Radio Station and has been running since 2001 and broadcasts over 87.7FM and across the school computer network once a year for a week at the end of the summer term. In July 2008 the station broadcast for the first time over the internet as well as on FM and in school. Since September 2007 there have also been regular Friday Lunchtime broadcasts played in the School Canteen. From September 2008 Radio Weald began sending out Friday Broadcasts over the internet through the Radio Weald website. Radio Weald now also has a forum for listeners and crew to have their say on the broadcasts and suggest ideas for upcoming shows. In the week commencing 13 July 2009, Radio Weald hosted their annual Week Broadcast, but with a difference. This time there was no broadcast over FM radio on 87.7FM like in previous years. Instead, it was heavily focused on the internet and in-school audience. The idea came from a visit by two students to the BBC, enjoying a whole day of media.

### Weald TV

Weald TV is a student run television producer. They started producing content in September 2018 after the school received funding to buy a full green screen setup and outdoor filming setup. They meet on a Wednesday after school to plan and shoot videos for the school and local community. Weald TV is run by older students who train and teach the younger students as they progress through the schools leadership award system.

### The Africa Project (Classrooms for Kenya)

Since a visit to Kenya by a number of staff and now ex-students in the summer of 2006 the school has had close links with a number of schools in Kenya. When the project started after this visit all of these schools had mud buildings which regularly got washed away and needed re-building. In the School's 50th Year (2006-7 Academic Year) the school decided to try and raise £50,000 to build new Brick Classrooms at these schools. The Students rose to the challenge; in the summer of 2007 another set of staff and students went out to Kenya again to help build the new classrooms the school had paid for. Another trip was planned for the summer of 2008, but due to the political unrest in the country it was cancelled, and a teacher is going out instead to deliver a large amount of clothing, stationery and computer equipment to the rebuilt schools. After the insurrection of 2008 another big push is planned for the 2008-9 academic year. The plan is to raise another £30,000 to finish completely re-building Lumuli Primary School. This was and is in the worst state of all the schools the project has been working with and it is hoped that by the end of 2009 that it will be completely re-built to brick classrooms.

## Notable alumni

1. "The Weald Community School and Sixth Form - Home".
2. "The Weald Community School and Sixth Form - Year 9".
3. "New Billingshurst Leisure Centre Opens Saturday 20 September". 15 September 2008. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
4. "Billingshurst Leisure Centre". Archived from the original on 24 December 2010. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
5. "School catchment areas".
6. "Home". *sites.google.com*.
7. "Weald TV".
8. "Weald TV - YouTube". *YouTube*.
9. "UK schools' life changing project raises £50,000".
10. "The Weald Community School and Sixth Form - Item Unavailable".
11. Hinda Hicks
12. Jon Edgar
13. Billy Twelvetrees
14. "'Hard work' rewards Tilley with goal". *BBC Sport*.
15. "Our management".

## InfoBox

| The Weald School | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Address | |
|  | |
| Station Road
Billingshurst, West Sussex, RH14 9RY
England | |
| Coordinates | 51°01′00″N 0°27′15″W / 51.01674°N 0.45427°W / 51.01674; -0.45427 |
| Information | |
| Type | Community school |
| Established | 1956 |
| Local authority | West Sussex |
| Department for Education URN | 126068 Tables |
| Ofsted | Reports |
| Headteacher | Sarah Edwards |
| Gender | Coeducational |
| Age | 11 to 18 |
| Enrolment | 1,786 as of January 2023 |
| Houses | Thompson, Da Vinci, Blackman, Mercury, Seacole & Attenborough |
| Website | www.theweald.org.uk |


title: Theodoros Tantanozis

abstract: Theodoros Tantanozis is a retired Greek triple jumper. He finished eleventh at the 1983 European Junior Championships, won the bronze medal at the 1987 Mediterranean Games, won the bronze medal at the 1988 Balkan Games, finished fourth at the 1991 Mediterranean Games, ninth at the 1992 European Indoor Championships fourth at the 1993 Mediterranean Games. He also competed at the 1991 World Indoor Championships without reaching the final. He became Greek champion in 1990, 1991 and 1993 as well as long jump champion in 1987. His personal best jump was 16.64 metres, achieved in June 1991 in Barcelona.

text:
# Theodoros Tantanozis

**Theodoros Tantanozis** (born 29 September 1964) is a retired Greek triple jumper.

He finished eleventh at the 1983 European Junior Championships, won the bronze medal at the 1987 Mediterranean Games, won the bronze medal at the 1988 Balkan Games, finished fourth at the 1991 Mediterranean Games, ninth at the 1992 European Indoor Championships fourth at the 1993 Mediterranean Games. He also competed at the 1991 World Indoor Championships without reaching the final.

He became Greek champion in 1990, 1991 and 1993 as well as long jump champion in 1987.

His personal best jump was 16.64 metres, achieved in June 1991 in Barcelona.


title: Thermo

abstract:
Thermo may refer to:
  - Adobe Thermo, a designers' tool for creating the user interface for Rich Internet Application by Adobe Systems
  - Heat, energy transferred from one system to another by thermal interaction
  - Thermo Fisher Scientific, a healthcare equipment company
  - Thermo, Greece, a town in Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece
  - Thermodynamics, the branch of physical science concerned with heat and its relation to other forms of energy and work
  - Thermos, an insulating storage vessel which keeps its contents hotter or cooler than its surroundings
  - Thermo (journal), an academic journal published by MDPI

text:
# Thermo

**Thermo** may refer to:

* Adobe Thermo, a designers' tool for creating the user interface for Rich Internet Application by Adobe Systems
* Heat, energy transferred from one system to another by thermal interaction
* Thermo Fisher Scientific, a healthcare equipment company
* Thermo, Greece, a town in Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece
* Thermodynamics, the branch of physical science concerned with heat and its relation to other forms of energy and work
* Thermos, an insulating storage vessel which keeps its contents hotter or cooler than its surroundings
* *Thermo* (journal), an academic journal published by MDPI


title: The first wall

abstract: The First Wall is one of three strong and fortified walls that were built for the defense of Jerusalem during the Second Temple Period. This wall was built during the Hasmonean period, but its foundations are older and were laid already in the First Temple period. During the time of the Return to Zion, the wall was rebuilt by Nehemiah, and in the days of the Hasmoneans, it was strengthened and even additional parts of it were built. The additional walls are the Second Wall - built during the days of the Hasmonean rulers John Hyrcanus or Alexander Jannaeus, and the Third Wall - construction began in the days of Agrippa I, and its construction was completed on the eve of the Great Revolt.

text:
# The first wall

**The First Wall** (also called **The Old Wall**) is one of three strong and fortified walls that were built for the defense of Jerusalem during the Second Temple Period. This wall was built during the Hasmonean period, but its foundations are older and were laid already in the First Temple period. During the time of the Return to Zion, the wall was rebuilt by Nehemiah, and in the days of the Hasmoneans, it was strengthened and even additional parts of it were built. The additional walls are the Second Wall - built during the days of the Hasmonean rulers John Hyrcanus or Alexander Jannaeus, and the Third Wall - construction began in the days of Agrippa I, and its construction was completed on the eve of the Great Revolt.

## Background

Throughout the entire Hellenistic period, the boundaries of the city hardly changed since the days of the Return to Zion. The Second Temple was located in the same place where it was initially in the days of the First Temple, and the city - the City of David \- was to its south. In the 2nd century BCE, during the reign of the Hasmoneans, the city began to significantly expand towards the western hill, where the Hasmonean palace was built. The area was characterized by luxurious architectural style, and its inhabitants included the wealthy and respected. The new area, which with its expansion and establishment to the west, began to expand also to the north, was called "the Upper City" and around it a new wall was built, "the First Wall," which actually enclosed the Lower City together with the Upper City. Both essentially constituted the main part of Jerusalem. Due to the city's location near the Kidron Valley to the east and the Valley of Hinnom to the south, which served as "natural barriers" for topographical reasons, the city was later expanded only towards the west and the north, while the eastern and southern boundaries remained unchanged.

## The course of the wall

Within the first wall's boundaries included the City of David and Mount Zion, whereas most of the areas that are today within the boundaries of the Ottoman wall of Jerusalem were outside the first wall. The wall began in the area of the citadel (Tower of David) from there the wall descended along the southern ridge line of Mount Zion on a rocky cliff towards the Pool of Siloam, in the southern section of the wall the Essenes Gate was established which led to the desert. From there, the wall turned east and north on the eastern slope of the City of David, in a line parallel to the Kidron Valley. The wall passed through the Ophel area, and connected to the wall of the Temple Mount slightly north to the southwest corner, to allow entry to the Temple Mount from the east. The area of connection of the first wall to the Temple Mount wall is called **"**the seam**"** due to the meeting of two building styles. The northern part of the wall started from the Tower of David eastward to the Temple Mount parallel to the Tyropoeon Valley (David Street and Chain Street). In the northern wall were established several gates, among them **"**the Hidden Gate**"** and **"**Garden Gate**"**. Above the remains of the first wall and more or less in the same course, about 400 years later, in the Byzantine period, a new wall was built by Empress Eudocia. The fact that two walls were built 400 years apart in the same course without their builders knowing about each other, proves that the topographic location of the first wall is the most correct for defending the city.

## Additional fortifications along the wall

In the fortress area where the first wall begins, Herod strengthened the wall, Phasael Tower, and Tower of David, and built the Hippicus Tower ('Tower of David'). The section south of the fortress, where the wall was built on rock to protect the western part of the Upper City, was also fortified, and nearby, the palace was built. The wall served as a supporting wall of the structure, and an adjacent front wall was added with a thickness of up to 3.5 meters. This wall later served as the foundation for the Ottoman wall (remnants that exist to our days).

## Remnants of the first wall existing today

Today, there are clear remnants of the First Wall in these places:

* In the area of the citadel, which is called today "Tower of David"
* In the Mamilla area, west of the current wall, there are remnants of Hasmonean fortifications.
* In the Jewish Quarter, close to the Israelite Tower and remnants of a gate which is probably "Gennath Gate".
* At the base of the eastern wall of the Temple Mount.
* On the southern slopes of Mount Zion.

1. גבע, הלל; Geva, H. (1985). "The "First Wall" of Jerusalem during the Second Temple Period — An Architectural-Chronological Note / 'החומה הראשונה' של ירושלים מתקופת בית שני: ניתוח ארכיטקטוני-כרונולוגי". *Eretz-Israel: Archaeological, Historical and Geographical Studies / ארץ-ישראל: מחקרים בידיעת הארץ ועתיקותיה*. **יח**: 21–39. ISSN 0071-108X. JSTOR 23621138.
2. "העיר העליונה של ירושלים : פרשת החפירות הארכיאולוגיות ברובע היהודי של העיר העתיקה בירושלים / נחמן אביגד | ספר | אביגד, נחמן, 1905-1992 | הספרייה הלאומית". *www.nli.org.il* (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-05-09.
3. "ביצורי ירושלים : החומות, השערים והר הבית / מאיר בן-דב | ספר | בן דב, מאיר, 1935- | הספרייה הלאומית". *www.nli.org.il* (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-05-09.
4. Zelinger, Yehiel (2010). "ירושלים, מורדות הר ציון".
5. יעקבי, פ. י.; Jacobi, Paul J. (1973). "Remnants of Jerusalem's Wall Beneath the Lutheran Hostel / שריד של החומה הראשונה שבאכסניה הלוטרנית". *Beit Mikra: Journal for the Study of the Bible and Its World / בית מקרא: כתב-עת לחקר המקרא ועולמו*. **יט** (א (נו)): 3–7. ISSN 0005-979X. JSTOR 23503224.