title: The Boat Race 1978

abstract: The 124th Boat Race between crews from the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge took place on the River Thames on 25 March 1978. Umpired by former Cambridge rower James Crowden, Oxford won in a time of 18 minutes and 58 seconds. The race was complicated by bad weather, and when faced with choppy water, a strong headwind and horizontal, driving rain, the Cambridge boat, which lacked splashboards, took on water and sank. It was the fifth time a boat had sunk during the event. In the reserve race, Cambridge's Goldie beat Oxford's Isis by 1+1⁄4 lengths. Cambridge won the 33rd Women's Boat Race.

text:
# The Boat Race 1978

The **124th Boat Race** between crews from the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge took place on the River Thames on 25 March 1978. Umpired by former Cambridge rower James Crowden, Oxford won in a time of 18 minutes and 58 seconds. The race was complicated by bad weather, and when faced with choppy water, a strong headwind and horizontal, driving rain, the Cambridge boat, which lacked splashboards, took on water and sank. It was the fifth time a boat had sunk during the event.

In the reserve race, Cambridge's Goldie beat Oxford's Isis by 1+14 lengths. Cambridge won the 33rd Women's Boat Race.

## Background

The Boat Race is a side-by-side rowing competition between the University of Oxford and the University of Cambridge. First held in 1829, the competition is a 4.2-mile (6.8 km) race along the River Thames in southwest London. The rivalry is a major point of honour between the two universities and is followed throughout the United Kingdom and worldwide. Oxford went into the race as reigning champions, having won the 1977 race by seven lengths, with Cambridge leading overall with 68 victories to Oxford's 54 (excluding the "dead heat" of 1877). The 1978 race was sponsored by Ladbrokes, while the BBC had paid between £10,000 and £20,000 to televise the event.

During training for the race, Oxford had sunk, taking on water in the inclement weather, and had decided to fit splashboards to their boat, while Cambridge opted to leave their boat unchanged. Prior to this year's event, there had been four sinkings in the history of the race. Cambridge sank in 1859, Oxford sank in 1925 and 1951, and both crews sank in 1912.

The first Women's Boat Race took place in 1927, but did not become an annual fixture until the 1960s. Up until 2014, the contest was conducted as part of the Henley Boat Races, but as of the 2015 race, it is held on the River Thames, on the same day as the men's main and reserve races. The reserve race, contested between Oxford's Isis boat and Cambridge's Goldie boat has been held since 1965. It usually takes place on the Tideway, prior to the main Boat Race.

## Crews

Oxford's crew contained three Old Blues in Moran, Shealy and the former lightweight world champion Andy Michelmore, while Cambridge's boat featured five returning rowers in Bathurst, Clegg, Horton, Ross and Cooke-Yarborough. The race also marked the debut of Boris Rankov, who went on to represent Oxford in five further races. The Cambridge crew was marginally heavier per rower, averaging 1.5 pounds (0.68 kg) more than Oxford.

| Seat | Oxford
 | | | Cambridge
 | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | Name | College | Weight | Name | College | Weight |
| Bow | T. J. Sutton | St Catherine's | 14 st 2 lb | M. D. Bathurst | Pembroke | 13 st 4 lb |
| 2 | R. A. Crockford | Corpus Christi | 13 st 2 lb | S. J. Clegg | St Catharine's | 13 st 6 lb |
| 3 | J. R. Crawford | Pembroke | 14 st 0 lb | W. M. R. Dawkins | 1st Trinity | 14 st 5 lb |
| 4 | N. B. Rankov | Corpus Christi | 14 st 3 lb | C. M. Horton (P) | Downing | 14 st 1 lb |
| 5 | M. M. Moran | Keble | 14 st 2 lb | R. C. Ross | Lady Margaret Boat Club | 14 st 7 lb |
| 6 | A. W. Shealy | University | 14 st 2 lb | A. E. Cooke-Yarborough | Gonville and Caius | 14 st 8 lb |
| 7 | J. W. Wood | Pembroke | 12 st 10 lb | A. N. de M. Jelfs | Fitzwilliam | 13 st 3 lb |
| Stroke | A. G. Michelmore (P) | New College | 12 st 3 lb | R. N. E. Davies | St Catharine's | 12 st 2 lb |
| Cox | J. Fail | Oriel | 7 st 13 lb | G. Henderson | Downing | 8 st 5 lb |
| Source:
(P)  boat club president | | | | | | |

## Race description

Oxford won the toss and elected to start from the Surrey station. After a false start, the race commenced at 2.45 p.m. in reasonable weather conditions, and Oxford took a one-length lead to Hammersmith Bridge in a record time of 6 minutes 24 seconds. As the crews turned into the Surrey bend, conditions drastically worsened with a strong headwind and "horizontal rain driving into them". Entering choppy water and in an attempt to push past Oxford, Cambridge made their challenge at Barnes Bridge but began to take on water. Within seconds the boat started to sink; the Oxford crew realised the contest was over and rowed carefully to the finish in a time of 18 minutes 58 seconds. It was Oxford's third victory in a row, and their fourth in the past five years.

In the reserve race, Cambridge's Goldie beat Oxford's Isis by 1+14 lengths, and in the 33rd running of the Women's Boat Race, Cambridge also triumphed.

## Reaction

Cambridge boat club president Mark Horton immediately challenged the Oxford president Andy Michelmore to a re-row; the challenge was declined. Horton recalls "It was hard to take and is still a painful memory. The Boat Race was supposed to be one of the proudest moments of my life". Cambridge's Mark Bathurst was indignant about the preparation of the boat: "we had taken to the water without fitting any \[splashboards\] – an act of monumental idiocy". Oxford cox Fail told *The Guardian* "I was surprised when I heard that Cambridge had sunk. If you keep going steadily you forget about water and ride it out."

Cambridge's sinking was featured as the 79th in Channel 4's 100 Greatest Sporting Moments.

**Bibliography**

* Dodd, Christopher (1983). *The Oxford & Cambridge Boat Race*. Stanley Paul. ISBN 0091513405.

**Notes**

## InfoBox

| 124th Boat Race | |
| --- | --- |
| Date | 25 March 1978 (1978-03-25) |
| Winner | Oxford |
| Margin of victory | Cambridge sank |
| Winning time | 18 minutes 58 seconds |
| Overall record
(CambridgeOxford) | 68–55 |
| Umpire | James Crowden
(Cambridge) |
| Other races | |
| Reserve winner | Goldie |
| Women's winner | Cambridge |
|  | |


title: Teruel (multiple rocket launcher)

abstract: The Teruel multiple rocket launcher was in service with the Spanish Army between 1985 and 2011. This system is capable of launching 140mm artillery rockets from 40 launch tubes in less than 30 seconds. It is mounted on a Pegaso truck. Before firing, stabilizing jacks must be lowered and the blast shield raised to protect the cab and its occupants. Rockets can be fired out to a range of 25 kilometres.

text:
# Teruel (multiple rocket launcher)

The **Teruel** multiple rocket launcher was in service with the Spanish Army between 1985 and 2011. This system is capable of launching 140mm artillery rockets from 40 launch tubes in less than 30 seconds. It is mounted on a Pegaso truck.

Before firing, stabilizing jacks must be lowered and the blast shield raised to protect the cab and its occupants. Rockets can be fired out to a range of 25 kilometres.

## Operators

### Current operators

### Former operators


title: The Telephone Call

abstract: "The Telephone Call" is a song by the German electronic band Kraftwerk. It was released in 1987 as the second and final single from their ninth studio album, Electric Café (1986). The single was their second number-one on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play and stayed two weeks at the number-one spot. It is the only Kraftwerk song to feature Karl Bartos on vocals. The versions from the single were remixed by François Kevorkian and Ron Saint Germain.

text:
# The Telephone Call

"**The Telephone Call**" (German: "**Der Telefon-Anruf**") is a song by the German electronic band Kraftwerk. It was released in 1987 as the second and final single from their ninth studio album, *Electric Café* (1986). The single was their second number-one on the *Billboard* Hot Dance Club Play and stayed two weeks at the number-one spot. It is the only Kraftwerk song to feature Karl Bartos on vocals. The versions from the single were remixed by François Kevorkian and Ron Saint Germain.

## Versions

In the 2009 remastered edition of *Electric Café*, which was issued under the album's original intended title *Techno Pop*, the original album version of 'The Telephone Call' is absent, replaced by the shorter and subtly-different 7-inch single mix. As a replacement for the latter part of the original album track (which contained telephone sounds and operator voices), the remix "House Phone" was inserted. However, when the remastered album was originally issued in 2004 as part of the promotional version of *The Catalogue*, the original album version was featured and "House Phone" was not, as the album featured its original 6 tracks with no bonuses. The promo copies of the box set containing the earlier remaster of *Techno Pop* were subsequently withdrawn and became collector's items.

## Music video

The song's black-and-white music video features each member of the band answering a telephone (Ralf Hütter's being a novelty grand piano-shaped telephone which he happens to play before picking the receiver up). None of the band members are seen singing the song in the video except for a silhouetted Karl Bartos, but when the camera pans around it is revealed to in fact be Wolfgang Flür. He is also seen at a typewriter typing "You're so close, but far away". At several other points in the video, various other iconic images are seen including a dangling telephone on a wire and an eye staring through a hole in a wall, the latter appearing for only one second in the video. The images give the video an unsettling feeling. Also another iconic image that does appear in some sequences is a "magnetophon" machine (a tape recorder) in which the tape spools are spinning and the tape is running; because supposedly there is being recorded or being played from some telephone message.

## Track listing

English versions only

### 7-inch single

All tracks are written by Ralf Hütter, Florian Schneider and Karl Bartos.
Remixed by Kraftwerk, François Kevorkian and Ron St. Germain.

Side one
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "The Telephone Call" | 3:49 |

Side two
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "Der Telefon-Anruf" (German Version) | 3:49 |

### 12-inch single

All tracks are written by Ralf Hütter, Florian Schneider and Karl Bartos.
Remixed by Kraftwerk, François Kevorkian and Ron St. Germain.

Side one
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "The Telephone Call" (Remix) | 8:12 |

Side two
| No. | Title | Length |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1. | "House Phone" | 4:54 |
| 2. | "Der Telefon-Anruf" (German Version) | 3:49 |

## Charts

## InfoBox

| "The Telephone Call" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Kraftwerk | |
| from the album  *Electric Café* | |
| B-side | "House Phone" |
| Released | February 1987 (1987-02) |
| Genre |  |
| Length | * 8:03 (album version) * 3:50 (7" remix) * 8:12 (12" remix) |
| Label |  |
| Songwriter(s) |  |
| Kraftwerk singles chronology | |
| "Musique Non-Stop"
(1986) "**The Telephone Call**"
(1987) "The Robots (re-release)"
(1991) | |


abstract: Mason City Township is located in Mason County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 2,633 and it contained 1,220 housing units.

text:
# Mason City Township, Mason County, Illinois

**Mason City Township** is located in Mason County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, its population was 2,633 and it contained 1,220 housing units.

## Geography

According to the 2010 census, the township has a total area of 35.51 square miles (92.0 km2), of which 35.42 square miles (91.7 km2) (or 99.75%) is land and 0.09 square miles (0.23 km2) (or 0.25%) is water.

## Demographics

Historical population
| Census | Pop. | Note |  |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 2016 (est.) | 2,418 |  |  |
| U.S. Decennial Census | | | |

1. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
2. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County -- County Subdivision and Place -- 2010 Census Summary File 1". United States Census. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved May 28, 2013.
3. "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.

## InfoBox

| Mason City Township | |
| --- | --- |
| Township | |
|  | |
| Location of Illinois in the United States | |
| Coordinates: 40°11′11″N 89°39′37″W / 40.18639°N 89.66028°W / 40.18639; -89.66028 | |
| Country | United States |
| State | Illinois |
| County | Mason |
| Settled | November 5, 1861 |
| Area | |
| Total | 35.51 sq mi (92.0 km2) |
| Land | 35.42 sq mi (91.7 km2) |
| Water | 0.09 sq mi (0.2 km2) |
| Elevation | 548 ft (167 m) |
| Population (2010) | |
| Estimate (2016) | 2,418 |
| Density | 74.3/sq mi (28.7/km2) |
| Time zone | UTC-6 (CST) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC-5 (CDT) |
| FIPS code | 17-125-47482 |


title: Vijayanagara architecture

abstract: Vijayanagara architecture of 1336–1565 CE was a notable building idiom that developed during the rule of the imperial Hindu Vijayanagara Empire. The empire ruled South India, from their regal capital at Vijayanagara, on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in modern Karnataka, India. The empire built temples, monuments, palaces and other structures across South India, with the largest concentration in its capital. The monuments in and around Hampi, in the Vijayanagara district, are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. In addition to building new temples, the empire added new structures and made modifications to hundreds of temples across South India. Some structures at Vijayanagara are from the pre-Vijayanagara period. The Mahakuta hill temples are from the Western Chalukya era. The region around Hampi had been a popular place of worship for centuries before the Vijayanagara period with earliest records dating from 689 CE when it was known as Pampa Tirtha after the local river God Pampa. There are hundreds of monuments in the core area of the capital city. Of these, 56 are protected by UNESCO, 654 monuments are protected by the Government of Karnataka and another 300 await protection.

text:
# Vijayanagara architecture

**Vijayanagara architecture** of 1336–1565 CE was a notable building idiom that developed during the rule of the imperial Hindu Vijayanagara Empire. The empire ruled South India, from their regal capital at Vijayanagara, on the banks of the Tungabhadra River in modern Karnataka, India. The empire built temples, monuments, palaces and other structures across South India, with the largest concentration in its capital. The monuments in and around Hampi, in the Vijayanagara district, are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

In addition to building new temples, the empire added new structures and made modifications to hundreds of temples across South India. Some structures at Vijayanagara are from the pre-Vijayanagara period. The Mahakuta hill temples are from the Western Chalukya era. The region around Hampi had been a popular place of worship for centuries before the Vijayanagara period with earliest records dating from 689 CE when it was known as Pampa Tirtha after the local river God Pampa.

There are hundreds of monuments in the core area of the capital city. Of these, 56 are protected by UNESCO, 654 monuments are protected by the Government of Karnataka and another 300 await protection.

## Salient features

Vijayanagara architecture can be broadly classified into religious, courtly and civic architecture, as can the associated sculptures and paintings. The Vijayanagara style is a combination of the Chalukya, Hoysala, Rashtrakuta, Pandya and Chola styles which evolved earlier in the centuries when these empires ruled and is characterised by a return to the simplistic and serene art of the past. Large multi-purpose halls (mandapas) surrounding the main shrine with elaborate and intricately carved pillars and the tall entrance towers (Gopurams, more specifically Rayagopurams named after the ruling Rayas) are two notable Vijayanagara additions to South Indian temple architectural tradition.

For the approximately 400 years during the rule of the Western Chalukya and the Hoysalas empires, the most popular material for temple construction was chloritic schist or soapstone. This was also true for sculpture as soapstone is soft and easily carved. During the Vijayanagar period the local hard granite was preferred in the Badami Chalukya style, although soapstone was used for a few reliefs and sculptures. While the use of granite reduced the density of sculptured works, granite was a more durable material for the temple structure. Because granite is prone to flaking, few pieces of individual sculptures reached the high levels of quality seen in previous centuries. To cover the unevenness of the stone used in sculptures, artists employed plaster to give the rough surface a smooth finish and then painted it with lively colours.

## Temple structures

Vijayanagara temples are usually surrounded by a strong enclosure. Small shrines consist simply of a *garbhagriha* (sanctum) and a porch. Medium-sized temples have a *garbhagriha*, *shukanasi* (antechamber), a *navaranga* (*antrala*) connecting the sanctum and outer *mandapa* (hall), and a *rangamantapa* (enclosed pillared hall). Large temples have tall Rayagopuram built with wood, brick and stucco in Chola style. The term *Raya* is added to indicate a *gopura* built by Vijayanagar Rayas. The top of the *gopuram* has a *shalashikhara* resembling a barrel made to rest on its side. Large life-size figures of men, woman, Gods and Goddesses adorn the *gopuram*. This *Tamil dravida*-influenced style became popular during the rule of king Krishnadevaraya and is seen in South Indian temples constructed over the next 200 years. Examples of *Rayagopuram* are the Chennakesava Temple in Belur and the temples at Srisailam and Srirangam. In addition to these structures, medium-size temples have a closed circumambulatory (*Pradakshinapatha*) passage around the sanctum, an open *mahamantapa* (large hall), a *kalyanamantapa* (ceremonial hall) and a temple tank to serve the needs of annual celebrations.

Temple pillars often have engravings of charging horses or hippogryphs (*Yali*) — horses standing on hind legs with their forelegs lifted and riders on their backs. The horses on some pillars stand seven to eight feet tall. On the other side of the pillar are usually carvings from Hindu mythology. Pillars that do not have such hippogryphs are generally rectangular with mythology-themed decoration on all sides. Some pillars have a cluster of smaller pillars around a central pillar shaft. The bottom supports of these pillars have engravings of gods and goddesses. Carvings of hippogryphs clearly show the adroitness of the artists who created them.

The *Mandapas* are built on square or polygonal plinths with carved friezes that are four to five feet high and have ornate stepped entrances on all four sides with miniature elephants or with *Yali* balustrades (parapets). The *Mantapas* are supported by ornate pillars. The 1,000-pillared style with large halls supported by numerous pillars was popular. The 1,000-pillared Jain basadi at Mudabidri is an example. Larger temples have a separate shrine for the female deity. Some examples of this are the Hazara Rama, Balakrishna and Vitthala temples at Hampi.

Some shrines in the Vitthalapura area inside Vijayanagara were consecrated specifically for Tamil Alwar saints and for the great Vaishnava saint, Ramanujacharya. Architecturally they are different in that each shrine has an image depicting the saint for whose worship the temple was built. Each shrine has its own enclosure and a separate kitchen and pilgrim-feeding hall. The water storage tank inside the royal center, the \[stepwell stepped tank\] called "Pushkarni", is a recent archaeological discovery. The stepped tank is fashioned with finished chlorite schist slabs arranged in a symmetrical formation with steps and landings descending to the water on all four sides. This is clearly a Western Chalukya-Hoysala style tank and is seen in many parts of present-day Karnataka. The inscriptions on the slabs indicate the material was brought from outside the Vijayanagara area.

## Palaces

Much of what is known today of Vijayanagara palaces is drawn from archaeological excavations at Hampi as no royal palace structures have survived. Most palaces stand in their own compound defined by high tapering walls made of stone or layered earth. Palaces are approached through a sequence of courts with passageways and doorways requiring multiple changes in direction. All palaces face east or north. The larger palaces have side extensions giving the complex a symmetrical shape.

Palaces were built on raised platforms made of granite. The platforms have multiple tiers of mouldings with well-decorated friezes. The decorations can be floral, *Kirtimukha* shapes (demon faces), geese, elephants and occasionally human figures. Pillars, beams and rafters inside the palace were made of wood as evidenced by ash discovered in excavations. The roof was made of brick or lime concrete, while copper and ivory were used for finials. Palaces commonly consisted of multiple levels with each flight of stairs decorated by balustrades on either side, with either *yali* (imaginary beast) or elephant sculptures. The entrance steps into palaces and temple *mantapas* were similarly decorated. Water tanks inside the palace complex have decorative water spouts such as the carved torso of the *Nandi* with a gaping mouth to allow water flow into the tank. Other structures commonly found inside a palace complex are wells and shrines.

The courtly architecture generally show secular styles with Islamic influences. Examples are the Lotus Mahal palace, Elephant stables, and watch towers. Courtly buildings and domed structures were built with mortar mixed with stone rubble.

The impact of this style of architecture was seen well into the 17th century when the successive Nayaka kingdoms continued to encourage pillars with hippogryphs and granite became the main building material.

## Other famous temples in Karnataka

While the empire is well known for its monuments in the regal capital Vijayanagara (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), it also built temples in other regions of Karnataka including the coastal region (called *Karavali*) where the Vijayanagara idiom mingled with local styles. A List of these temples and their approximate time of construction is given in the article List of Vijayanagara era temples in Karnataka.

## Famous temples in Andhra Pradesh

In Andhra Pradesh the empire built the Mallikarjuna Temple at Srisailam, Upper Narasimha Temple and Lower Narasimha Temple at Ahobilam, Veera Bhadra Temple at Lepakshi and Venkateswara Temple at Tirupati and others. In Tamil Nadu the empire built the Vijayaraghava Permal temple modeled after the famous temples at Tirupati with statues of Krishnadevaraya in Thayar Sanithi pillars facing each other.

## Terminology

* Mantapa – pillared hall
* Mahamantapa – Open pillared hall
* Rangamantapa – Closed pillared hall
* Kalyanamantapa – Hall meant for celebrations and special occasions
* Garbhagriha – Sanctum where the idol of God is placed
* Navaranga or Antrala – passage the connects different Sanctums
* Shukanasi – Antechamber

* Incredible India Hampi Guide
* Dr. Suryanath.M.U.Kamat, A Concise history of Karnataka from pre-historic times to the present, Jupiter books, MCC, Bangalore, 2001 (Reprinted 2002) OCLC: 7796041
* Hampi, A Travel Guide, Department of Tourism, India, Good Earth publication, New Delhi 2003 ISBN 81-87780-17-7
* New Light on Hampi, Recent research in Vijayanagara, edited by John M. Fritz and George Michell, MARG, 2001, ISBN 81-85026-53-X
* History of Karnataka, Arthikaje
* Temples of Karnataka, Dr. Jyotsna Kamat
* Architecture of Indian Subcontinent, Takeyo Kameya
* TempleNet:Temples of India
* www.Hampi.in: A website with photographs, descriptions and the site maps of the Hampi ruins.


title: Masaki Kajishima

abstract: Masaki Kajishima is a Japanese animator and storyboard artist who works for AIC in a freelance capacity. He is best known as the creator of Tenchi Muyo! and Dual! Parallel Trouble Adventure. The main character of Tenchi Muyo!, Tenchi Masaki, was named after Kajishima. Kajishima was born in Japan in Okayama Prefecture. He was educated at the Osaka Design College. In addition to his anime works, he has written and published a collection of several dōjinshi dubbed Kajishima Onsen, comics, and stories. He is also the author of the Tenchi Muyo! GXP novels.

text:
# Masaki Kajishima

**Masaki Kajishima** (梶島 正樹 *Kajishima Masaki*, born March 16, 1962) is a Japanese animator and storyboard artist who works for AIC in a freelance capacity. He is best known as the creator of *Tenchi Muyo!* and *Dual! Parallel Trouble Adventure*. The main character of *Tenchi Muyo!*, Tenchi Masaki, was named after Kajishima (although the "Masaki" in Tenchi's name is the character's surname and is written with different kanji).

Kajishima was born in Japan in Okayama Prefecture. He was educated at the Osaka Design College.

In addition to his anime works, he has written and published a collection of several dōjinshi dubbed *Kajishima Onsen*, comics, and stories. He is also the author of the *Tenchi Muyo! GXP* novels.

## Works

### Anime

### Novels

* *Tenchi Muyo! GXP* (2003–ongoing, 16 volumes)
* *Paradise War* (2013–2014, 3 volumes)


title: Victor Démé

abstract: Victor Démé was a Burkinabé musician and singer-songwriter originating from a Mandinka family. His death was caused by a bout of malaria.

text:
# Victor Démé

**Victor Démé** (1962 – 21 September 2015) was a Burkinabé musician and singer-songwriter originating from a Mandinka family. His death was caused by a bout of malaria.

## Biography

Victor Démé was born in Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. His mother was a popular singer in social occasions in her hometown in the 1960s. His father was a tailor and stylist and with his uncles and aunts promoted a line of clothing unique to Marka ethnics, part of West Africa's Mandinka people. Démé worked in his father's business established in Abidjan, Ivory Coast since his youth. During the nights, he used to perform at various clubs of Abidjan with musicians, most notably the famous band Super Mandé and its star artist Abdoulaye Diabaté.

Démé returned to Burkina Faso in 1988 benefiting from a renewed artistic freedom in the country and at age 26 gained fame. His appearance in a special contest by the Bobo-Dioulasso French Cultural Centre rebroadcast by Radio France International in 1989 and winning the top prize at the National Culture Week in Burkina Faso in 1990 solidified his fame. In the 1990s, he was nominated for the prize on several occasions. He played with renowned orchestras including l'Echo de l'Africa and with Suprême Comenba famous in Ouagadougou.

In later years, he was cut off from arts and had a very tough time returning to the clubs singing covers of classics from Salif Keita, Mory Kanté and others. Nevertheless he never gave up writing his own materials, bridging a friendship and collaboration with Camille Louvel, the manager of Ouagajungle, a small bar in Ouagadougou that organized collaborative concerts for many talents. In 2007, journalist David Commeillas ran a reportage on Ouagadougou music and mentioning Démé at length which encouraged him to release his debut studio album at age 46 featuring best of his materials in folk and blues, romantic mandinka tunes influenced at times with Latin salsa and flamenco sounds using Dyula language, a Mande language used in Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast and Mali. The texts appealed for national solidarity, respect of women, importance of culture and showcasing the richness of his music repertoire and composition. The self-titled 2008 album *Victor Démé* included very notably his best known song "Djôn'maya".

The French producers Camille Louvel and David Commeillas hoped to distribute his album throughout Europe and facing obstacles from the major record labels and through Soundicate activists Romain Germa and Nicolas Maslowski, founded an independent record label, Chapa Blues Records, and signing Victor Démé as the first main artist with sales of the album passing 40,000 copies. The British magazine *Songlines* chose it the "best album of the year 2008". In France the album reached number 76 in the SNEP Albums charts. In addition to France, Démé also performed in other world music venues in UK, Germany and throughout Europe, releasing his second album *Deli* in 2010 also on Chapa Blues Records. That album peaked at number 138 on French charts.

## Discography

### Albums

| Year | Album | Peak positions |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | FR
 |
| 2008 | *Victor Démé* | 76 |
| 2010 | *Deli* | 138 |

### Singles

| Year | Single | Peak positions | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | FR
 | |
| 2010 | *Djôn'maya* |  | *Victor Démé* |

Featured in

| Year | Single | Peak positions | | Album |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | FR
 | FR
 | |
| 2014 | "Djon maya maï"
(Synapson feat. Victor Démé) | 12 | 9
(Ultratip) |  |


title: Vidalia (song)

abstract: "Vidalia" is a song written by Tim Nichols and Mark D. Sanders, and recorded by American country music artist Sammy Kershaw. It was released in July 1996 as the second single from the album Politics, Religion and Her. The song reached number 10 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

text:
# Vidalia (song)

"**Vidalia**" is a song written by Tim Nichols and Mark D. Sanders, and recorded by American country music artist Sammy Kershaw. It was released in July 1996 as the second single from the album *Politics, Religion and Her*. The song reached number 10 on the *Billboard* Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

## Content

The song is a wordplay on Vidalia onions and a woman named Vidalia.

## Critical reception

Deborah Evans Price, of *Billboard* magazine reviewed the song favorably, calling it a "nice blend of cuteness and country boy wit rolled into a song of love and longing. She goes on to say that it is the kind of left-of-center love song that Kershaw has "always excelled at."

## Music video

The music video was directed by Michael Merriman and premiered in mid-1996. It was filmed during Kershaw's 1996 tour, and in Vidalia, Georgia, and features Kershaw performing to a large crowd, and scenes of farmers harvesting Vidalia onions.

## Chart performance

"Vidalia" debuted at number 57 on the U.S. *Billboard* Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of July 27, 1996.

| Chart (1996) | Peak
position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 7 |
| US Hot Country Songs (*Billboard*) | 10 |

### Year-end charts

| Chart (1996) | Position |
| --- | --- |
| Canada Country Tracks (*RPM*) | 96 |

## InfoBox

| "Vidalia" | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Single by Sammy Kershaw | |
| from the album  *Politics, Religion and Her* | |
| Released | July 22, 1996 |
| Genre | Country |
| Length | 3:21 |
| Label | Mercury |
| Songwriter(s) | Tim Nichols, Mark D. Sanders |
| Producer(s) | Keith Stegall |
| Sammy Kershaw singles chronology | |
| "Meant to Be"
(1996) "**Vidalia**"
(1996) "Politics, Religion and Her"
(1996) | |


title: Villa Gazzotti Grimani

abstract: The Villa Gazzotti Grimani (1542) is a Renaissance villa, an early work of architect Andrea Palladio, located in the village of Bertesina, near Vicenza in the Veneto region of northern Italy. In 1994 UNESCO designated Villa Gazzotti Grimani as part of the "Vicenza, City of Palladio" World Heritage Site. Two years later the World Heritage Site was expanded to include Palladian villas outside the core area and accordingly it was renamed as "City of Vicenza and Palladian Villas of the Veneto".

text:
# Villa Gazzotti Grimani

The **Villa Gazzotti Grimani** (1542) is a Renaissance villa, an early work of architect Andrea Palladio, located in the village of Bertesina, near Vicenza in the Veneto region of northern Italy.

In 1994 UNESCO designated Villa Gazzotti Grimani as part of the "Vicenza, City of Palladio" World Heritage Site. Two years later the World Heritage Site was expanded to include Palladian villas outside the core area and accordingly it was renamed as "City of Vicenza and Palladian Villas of the Veneto".

## Architecture

The villa was designed and built in the 1540s for the Venetian Taddeo Gazzotti and, like a number of Palladio's buildings, it incorporates a pre-existing structure. In 1550, before the building was completed, Gazzotti was facing financial problems and sold the villa to Girolamo Grimani. The external form of the villa shows the person who commissioned it to have been a man who wanted to make his influence clearly visible. For the first time Palladio presents the body of the building as a clearly defined cube. The three-fold arcade in the central section, which is reminiscent of Villa Godi, is crowned by a pediment and is the dominant shape of the facade. It is less the embodiment of an original body of thought of Palladio's – comparable examples can be found both in Villa Agostini in Cusignana and in the architecture of Giovanni Maria Falconetto – than of his endeavour to give existing forms of new expression. What is new is that the three-fold arcade takes up the entire height of the one-story building. Equally, the use of a pediment as a symbol of dignity has no counterpart in Venetian secular architecture of that time. A wide flight of steps was originally meant to lead up to the loggia; the narrow flight of steps which now leads up to the center arcade in the loggia is a latter addition.

The body of the building rests on a base, from which it is divided by means of a ledge which runs along the entire width of the facade. On the one hand, this serves to protect the working areas from damp, but on the other hand, it also raises the villa above the surrounding landscape. This use of a base is to be found in a number of Palladio's villas, but it was not his invention; Giovanni Maria Falconetto placed the Villa Vescovile in Luvigliano, which was begun in 1534, on a base.

Along with this adoption of contemporary architectural thinking, the Villa Gazzotti also shows what was in the Venetian territories a new way of treating wall surfaces. It is not the closed parts of the facade, but the open loggia which takes up the dominating position on the villa's facade. Beyond this, the way in which Palladio treats his facade makes it clearly recognisable that it is his intention to give the wall surface plastic structure. Eight pilasters with Composite capitals that project gently from the surface of the wall divide the facade into eight vertical rhythms. At the same time, the central part, distinguished by its three-fold arcade, is offset slightly from the rest of the facade. The windows are connected firmly to the body of the building by means of a lower window ledge which runs along the entire width of the facade and is offset along with pedestals of the pilasters. In contrast to the Villa Godi and the Villa Piovene, the windows are no longer merely perforations in the wall, but through their plastic profiles and the protruding triangular gables at their tops have become independent structural elements on the facade.

Even though Palladio endeavoured to open up the wall, which is usually seen as a border, the facade of Villa Gazzotti still has a lot of unshaped wall surface above the windows. Nonetheless, the multiple layering of the wall by means of the arrangement of pilasters, window profiles and triangular gables is a clear indication that Palladio is now endeavouring to model and shape the massive body of the building derived from Venetian two-towered buildings through the use of a plastic structure and wide openings. The capitals, which conclude the pilasters, carry a multiple offset and variously-terraced entablature.

The villa is currently in need of restoration, particularly the exterior stucco which has peeled to expose the underlying brickwork. The restored Villa Saraceno is an example of how impressive restored stucco can look.

## InfoBox

| Villa Gazzotti Grimani | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
| General information | |
| Architectural style | Palladian |
| Town or city | Bertesina nr Vicenza |
| Country | Italy |
| Coordinates | 45°33′34″N 11°36′03″E / 45.55931°N 11.60094°E / 45.55931; 11.60094 |
| Construction started | 1542 |
| Completed | c. 1550 |
| Client | Taddeo Gazzotti |
| Design and construction | |
| Architect(s) | Andrea Palladio |
|  | |
| UNESCO World Heritage Site | |
| Part of | City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto |
| Criteria | Cultural: (i), (ii) |
| Reference | 712bis-003 |
| Inscription | 1994 (18th Session) |
| Extensions | 1996 |
| Area | 0.9 ha (2.2 acres) |
|  | |


title: Villa García

abstract: Villa García–Manga Rural is a barrio of Montevideo, Uruguay. Formerly there was an important agricultural school here, established by Juan D. Jackson. Nowadays it has been transformed in the Jacksonville development.

text:
# Villa García

**Villa García–Manga Rural** is a *barrio* (neighbourhood or district) of Montevideo, Uruguay.

Formerly there was an important agricultural school here, established by Juan D. Jackson. Nowadays it has been transformed in the Jacksonville development.

## Places of worship

* Official site of Villa García
* Revista Raíces/ Historia del barrio Manga
* Public school of Manga Rural on Camino Repetto 2952-3996
* "Cultural landscape of Villa Garcia" (PDF) (in Spanish). Facultad de Arquitectura - UdelaR. Retrieved 10 May 2013.

## InfoBox

| Villa García–Manga Rural | |
| --- | --- |
| *Barrio* | |
| Street map of Villa García–Manga Rural | |
| Location of Villa García–Manga Rural in Montevideo | |
| Coordinates: 34°47′S 56°03′W / 34.783°S 56.050°W / -34.783; -56.050 | |
| Country | Uruguay |
| Department | Montevideo Department |
| City | Montevideo |


title: Villa Geber

abstract: Villa Geber is a property at Laboratoriegatan and Nobelgatan within Diplomatstaden in Stockholm, Sweden. It was designed by architect Ragnar Östberg and was built between 1911 and 1913, for banker Philip Geber.

text:
# Villa Geber

**Villa Geber** is a property at Laboratoriegatan and Nobelgatan within Diplomatstaden in Stockholm, Sweden. It was designed by architect Ragnar Östberg and was built between 1911 and 1913, for banker Philip Geber.

## History

The villa was in the possession of consul general Karl Bergsten (1869–1953) during the 1920s until his death. Bergsten's daughter Elisabeth and her husband Sune Malmström moved there as well. After her husband died in 1961, Elisabeth continued to live there until her own death in 1998. Bergsten would later rename the property "Villa Dagmar" as a tribute to his wife. He owned an extensive art collection, which he displayed in the villa, with works by artists such as Titian, Rubens and Velázquez.

The villa was sold in 1999 for 35,000,000 (SEK) to the investor Claës Wachtmeister, who resold the property two years later for 69,860,000 (SEK) to the entrepreneur Salvatore Grimaldi and his wife Eva Swartz. The villa is today best known for being Sweden's second most expensive liveable property when it was sold to Grimaldi in 2000.

## Description

The villa has many similarities with Stockholm City Hall, which was built at the same time. Inspiration was taken from Venetian private palaces and Italian farms and medieval traditions. The main building has a manor-like 17th century inspired shape with Mansard roof, hip roof, and sided roof top. The facade is covered with red tile. The villa is 860 square meters.

The building tips to the north and it opens up to the seaside on the south, with several rooms with high paned French windows. From the north side, an opening leads to a stone-paved inner courtyard. It is a roofless miniature replica of the Blue Hall with a balcony and patterned marble floors.

## Historic images

Media related to Villa Geber at Wikimedia Commons

59°19′55″N 18°06′06″E / 59.3319°N 18.1018°E / 59.3319; 18.1018


title: Mason Lohrei

abstract: Mason Lohrei is an American professional ice hockey defenseman currently playing for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL). He previously played college ice hockey for Ohio State University in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). He is the first player in NHL history to have been born in the state of Louisiana.

text:
# Mason Lohrei

**Mason Lohrei** (/ˈlr/; born January 17, 2001) is an American professional ice hockey defenseman currently playing for the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League (NHL). He previously played college ice hockey for Ohio State University in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). He is the first player in NHL history to have been born in the state of Louisiana.

## Playing career

### Early life and Amateur

Lohrei was born in Baton Rouge while his father, David, was head coach of the East Coast Hockey League's Baton Rouge Kingfish. He moved with his family as a child first to Pennsylvania and then Wisconsin where he grew up. He attended Middleton High School in Middleton, Wisconsin but transferred after his freshman year to Culver Academies in Culver, Indiana. As a sophomore at Culver, he made the decision to switch from forward to defense in order to get more playing time.

Lohrei committed to playing college ice hockey for the Ohio State University during the 2021–22 season. Lohrei had an impressive first season with the Buckeyes, leading the team with 25 assists. As a result, he was named to the All-Big Ten Freshman Team.

Lohrei decided to return to the Buckeyes for the 2022–23 season. He finished second on the team in assists, and third in total points, with 28 and 32, respectively. Ohio State would make the NCAA tournament, but would lose in the second round to the eventual champion Quinnipiac Bobcats.

### Professional

#### Boston Bruins

On March 31, 2023, the Providence Bruins announced that they had signed Lohrei to an amateur tryout contract for the remainder of the 2022–23 season, ending his collegiate career. He played in five regular season games with the club, registering one assist. He would also play in three playoff games, before the Bruins were eliminated by the Hartford Wolf Pack.

Lohrei started the 2023–24 season with Providence. However, it would not take long for him to receive a call-up to the NHL, as injuries to the Bruins defense corps caused him to make his NHL debut on November 2, 2023, against the Toronto Maple Leafs, where he also recorded his first NHL point, an assist on a goal by Pavel Zacha. With his debut, Lohrei became the first NHL player born in the state of Louisiana. He would score his first NHL goal a few games later against the Dallas Stars on November 6, 2023. Lohrei impressed in his first NHL stint, but was sent back down to Providence on November 25, 2023, following the injury recovery of Matt Grzelcyk. It wouldn't take long for him to return to the NHL club, however, as he would return on December 7, 2023. Lohrei stayed with Boston until being sent down on January 20, 2024, once again due to Bruins defense Derek Forbort being fit to play. In his return to the NHL on February 21, 2024, Lohrei scored three assists against the Edmonton Oilers. Lohrei was once again sent back down to the AHL on April 12, 2024. On April 23, 2024, Lohrei was called back up to the Bruins, and made his NHL playoff debut in Game 3 of the first round against the Toronto Maple Leafs, and scored his first NHL playoff point in the following game, an assist on a goal by James van Riemsdyk. After the Bruins eliminated the Leafs in seven games, Lohrei scored his first NHL playoff goal in Game 1 of the second round against the Florida Panthers.

## Career statistics

|  | | |  | Regular season | | | | |  | Playoffs | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Season | Team | League | | GP |  |  | Pts | PIM | | GP | G | A | Pts | PIM |
| 2018–19 | Green Bay Gamblers | USHL | | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2019–20 | Green Bay Gamblers | USHL | | 48 | 8 | 29 | 37 | 26 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2020–21 | Green Bay Gamblers | USHL | | 48 | 19 | 40 | 59 | 74 | | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 |
| 2021–22 | Ohio State University | B1G | | 31 | 4 | 25 | 29 | 20 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2022–23 | Ohio State University | B1G | | 40 | 4 | 28 | 32 | 26 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2022–23 | Providence Bruins | AHL | | 5 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2023–24 | Providence Bruins | AHL | | 21 | 1 | 15 | 16 | 14 | |  |  |  |  |  |
| 2023–24 | Boston Bruins | NHL | | 41 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 18 | | 11 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 10 |
| NHL totals | | | | 41 | 4 | 9 | 13 | 18 | | 11 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 10 |

## Awards and honors

| Award | Year |  |
| --- | --- | --- |
| USHL | | |
| USHL Most Assists by a Defenseman | 2020, 2021 |  |
| USHL Second All-Star Team | 2020 |  |
| USHL Most Goals by a Defenseman | 2021 |  |
| USHL Most Points by a Defenseman | 2021 |  |
| USHL Defenseman of the Year | 2021 |  |
| USHL First All-Star Team | 2021 |  |
| College | | |
| All-Big Ten Freshman Team | 2022 |  |
| All-Big Ten Second Team | 2023 |  |

## InfoBox

| Mason Lohrei | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Lohrei with the Boston Bruins in 2023 | | | |
| Born | (2001-01-17) January 17, 2001
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, U.S. | | |
| Height | 6 ft 4 in (193 cm) | | |
| Weight | 209 lb (95 kg; 14 st 13 lb) | | |
| Position | Defence | | |
| Shoots | Left | | |
| NHL team | *Boston Bruins* | | |
| NHL draft | 58th overall, 2020
Boston Bruins | | |
| Playing career | 2023present | | |


title: Mason Lake (King County)

abstract: Mason Lake is a naturally occurring mountain lake located between Mount Defiance and Bandera Mountain near Snoqualmie Pass, King County, Washington. Accessible only by hike via the 3.4-mile-long (5.5 km) Mason Lake Trail, splits to Mount Defiance trail while continuing past the Island Lakes towards Pratt Lake trail at Olallie Lake's north shore. Mason Lake is at an elevation of 4,200 feet (1,300 m)t.

text:
# Mason Lake (King County)

**Mason Lake** is a naturally occurring mountain lake located between Mount Defiance and Bandera Mountain near Snoqualmie Pass, King County, Washington. Accessible only by hike via the 3.4-mile-long (5.5 km) Mason Lake Trail (also known as "Ira Spring Memorial Trail"), splits to Mount Defiance trail while continuing past the Island Lakes towards Pratt Lake trail at Olallie Lake's north shore. Mason Lake is at an elevation of 4,200 feet (1,300 m)t.

## InfoBox

| Mason Lake | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Mason LakeMason Lake | |
| Location | King County, Washington, US, near Snoqualmie Pass |
| Coordinates | 47°25′31.29″N 121°33′8.76″W / 47.4253583°N 121.5524333°W / 47.4253583; -121.5524333 |
| Basin countries | United States |
|  | |
| Surface elevation | 4,183 ft (1,275 m) |
|  | |
| Islands | *none* |


title: Victoria Rumary

abstract: Victoria Rumary is a British Paralympic archer. She won bronze in the Women's individual W1 at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo.

text:
# Victoria Rumary

**Victoria Rumary** (born 28 April 1988) is a British Paralympic archer. She won bronze in the Women's individual W1 at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo.

## InfoBox

Victoria Rumary
| Personal information | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1988-04-28) 28 April 1988 |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Paralympic archery |
| Medal record      Paralympic Games   2020 Tokyo  Individual W1 | |


abstract:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the high jump W45 division of Masters athletics.
  - Key
  -   Incomplete information
  Pending

text:
# Masters W45 high jump world record progression

This is the progression of world record improvements of the high jump W45 division of Masters athletics.

Key

*Incomplete information*   *Pending*

| Height | Athlete | Nationality | Birthdate | Location | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1.76 | Debbie Brill | Canada | 10.03.1953 | Gateshead | 06.08.1999 |
| 1.62 | Alena Plischke | Austria | 29.04.1948 | Stuttgart | 04.07.1993 |
| 1.55 | Joanna Meryl Smallwood | United Kingdom | 12.11.1943 | Eugene | 04.08.1989 |
| | Christel Häuser | Germany | 12.06.1943 | | |
| 1.52 | Dorothy Tyler | United Kingdom | 14.03.1920 | London | 18.07.1965 |
|

Masters Athletics High Jump list


abstract:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the 800 metres W45 division of Masters athletics.
  - Key
  -   Incomplete information
  Pending

text:
# Masters W45 800 metres world record progression

This is the progression of world record improvements of the 800 metres W45 division of Masters athletics.

Key

*Incomplete information*   *Pending*

| Hand | Auto | Athlete | Nationality | Birthdate | Location | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 2:02.82 | Yekaterina Podkopayeva | Russia | 11.06.1952 | Moscow | 11.06.1998 |
|  | 2:13.38 | Rita Windbrake | Germany | 28.07.1945 | Bad Oeynhausen | 24.08.1990 |
|  | 2:18.52 | Godelieve Roggeman | Belgium | 30.04.1940 | Rome | 24.06.1985 |
| 2:19.2 |  | Anne McKenzie | South Africa | 28.07.1925 | Greater Point | 13.11.1970 |
|

Masters Athletics 800 m list


title: Massandra Accords

abstract:
Massandra Accords is a set four official agreements that were signed on 3 September 1993 between Ukraine and the Russian Federation as result of negotiations that took place in Ukrainian government official residence Massandra Palace in Yalta, Ukraine. The agreements related to settlement on issues of utilization of nuclear weapons located on territory of Ukraine.
  - Protocol on settlement of issues of Black Sea Fleet
  - Basic principles of utilization of nuclear weapon of Strategic Nuclear Forces located in Ukraine
  - Agreement between the government of Russian Federation and the government of Ukraine on utilization of nuclear warheads
  - Agreement between Ukraine and the Russian Federation on implementation of assured and authoritative supervision for operation of strategic missile systems of Strategic Forces located on their territories

text:
# Massandra Accords

**Massandra Accords** is a set four official agreements that were signed on 3 September 1993 between Ukraine and the Russian Federation as result of negotiations that took place in Ukrainian government official residence Massandra Palace in Yalta, Ukraine. The agreements related to settlement on issues of utilization of nuclear weapons located on territory of Ukraine.

* Protocol on settlement of issues of Black Sea Fleet (signed in Moscow)
* Basic principles of utilization of nuclear weapon of Strategic Nuclear Forces located in Ukraine
* Agreement between the government of Russian Federation and the government of Ukraine on utilization of nuclear warheads
* Agreement between Ukraine and the Russian Federation on implementation of assured and authoritative supervision for operation of strategic missile systems of Strategic Forces located on their territories


title: Mastiles Lane

abstract: Mastiles Lane, near Malham and Kilnsey in North Yorkshire, was a Roman marching road and later an important route for the Cistercian monks leading sheep from Fountains Abbey to summer pasture on higher ground. Also known as the Old Monks' Road, it is now a Dales walking track. Historic England refers to a Roman temporary camp and medieval monastic cross base located along the lane. The National Trust states that Mastiles Lane was owned by Coverham Abbey, near Middleham. It has been suggested that after the dissolution of the monasteries Mastiles Lane became a droving route for cattle being brought south from Scotland.

text:
# Mastiles Lane

**Mastiles Lane**, near Malham and Kilnsey in North Yorkshire, was a Roman marching road and later an important route for the Cistercian monks leading sheep from Fountains Abbey to summer pasture on higher ground. Also known as the Old Monks' Road, it is now a Dales walking track.

Historic England refers to a Roman temporary camp and medieval monastic cross base located along the lane. The National Trust states that Mastiles Lane was owned by Coverham Abbey, near Middleham.

It has been suggested that after the dissolution of the monasteries Mastiles Lane became a droving route for cattle being brought south from Scotland.


title: Vinaninony-Atsimo

abstract: Vinaninony - Atsimo is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Faratsiho, which is a part of Vakinankaratra Region. The population of the municipality was 41,798 inhabitants in 2018. Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 89% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 10% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are wheat and potatoes. Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

text:
# Vinaninony-Atsimo

**Vinaninony - Atsimo** (Vinaninoy Sud) is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Faratsiho, which is a part of Vakinankaratra Region. The population of the municipality was 41,798 inhabitants in 2018.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 89% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 10% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are wheat and potatoes. Services provide employment for 1% of the population.

## Geography

Vinaninoy Sud is situated at 45km north of Antsirabe and 18km south of Faratsiho on the National road 43. .This municipality is crossed by the Sahasarotra river.

19°32′S 46°57′E / 19.533°S 46.950°E / -19.533; 46.950

## InfoBox

| Vinaninony - Atsimo | |
| --- | --- |
| Vinaninony - AtsimoLocation in Madagascar | |
| Coordinates: 19°32′S 46°57′E / 19.533°S 46.950°E / -19.533; 46.950 | |
| Country | Madagascar |
| Region | Vakinankaratra |
| District | Faratsiho |
| Area | |
| Total | 390 km2 (150 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 1,901 m (6,237 ft) |
| Population (2018)Census | |
| Total | 41,798 |
| Ethnicities | Merina |
| Time zone | UTC3 (EAT) |
| Postal code | 114 |


title: Mass mvmnt

abstract: mass mvmnt is a record label in Seattle, Washington. The Pacific Northwest-based mass mvmnt was formed in 2004 by a group of music producers and artists.

text:
# Mass mvmnt

**mass mvmnt** is a record label in Seattle, Washington. The Pacific Northwest-based mass mvmnt (pronounced mass movement) was formed in 2004 by a group of music producers and artists.

## History

Though mass mvmnt's musical output is primarily electronic music with genres from dance music and glitchy 303 hip-hop to dub ambience and techno jazz, mass mvmnt is also associated with other work that parallels that endeavor such as: distribution, marketing, promotion & design.

## Roster

## Discography

* (MM001) FCS North / Scientific American - fcssa
* (MM002) AMS + Mugfrosty - 2x4 mix
* (MM003) AMS + Mugfrosty - USA VS Japan
* (MM004) Scientific American & Plastiq Phantom - Tubes
* (MM005) FCS North – Arc
* (MM006) DJ Fucking in the Streets
* (MM007) FCS North - Say Go
* (MM008) Time Promises Power -Tomorrow Grieves Today
* (MM009) Scientific American - Mass Dstrction
* (MM010) Mr. Piccolo - Learning to Share
* (MM011) VA - Proud to Swim Home: A Backporch Revolution Compilation for New Orleans.
* (MM012) FCS North - In The Fall
* (MM014) Scientific American - Saints Of Infinity / Simulated D.I.Y.
* (MM015) Riow Arai - DJ Mix

## InfoBox

| mass mvmnt | |
| --- | --- |
| Founded | 2004 (2004) |
| Genre | Electronic music
Glitch hop
Hip hop
Breakbeat
Techno |
| Country of origin | United States |
| Location | Seattle, Washington |
| Official website | www.massmvmnt.com |


title: María Luisa Arencibia

abstract: María Luisa Arencibia is a Venezuelan composer, organist, and teacher.

text:
# María Luisa Arencibia

**María Luisa Arencibia** (born September 3, 1959) is a Venezuelan composer, organist, and teacher.

## Biography

Born in Canarias, Arencibia studied at the Escuela de Música Juan Manuel Olivares and Escuela Superior de Música José Ángel Lamas graduating as a composer in 1990. Her instructors also included José Luis Arreaza, José Peñín and Humberto Sagredo. She has served as *maestra de capilla* at the El Valle church, and has taught music at various schools around Caracas. Her musical output includes a number of chamber compositions as well as works for orchestra and choir.


title: Vila azeca

abstract: Vila azeca, the azeca banner, is a species of butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Amazonian region from Colombia to Bolivia. The habitat consists of lowland rainforests at altitudes below 800 meters. Adults have been recorded imbibing mineralised moisture from rocks or riverbeds.

text:
# Vila azeca

***Vila azeca***, the **azeca banner**, is a species of butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in the Amazonian region from Colombia to Bolivia. The habitat consists of lowland rainforests at altitudes below 800 meters.

Adults have been recorded imbibing mineralised moisture from rocks or riverbeds.

## Subspecies

* *Vila azeca azeca* (Bolivia)
* *Vila azeca mariana* (Bates, 1865) (Brazil: Amazonas)
* *Vila azeca stalachtoides* (Bates, 1865) (Brazil: Amazonas)
* *Vila azeca cacica* Staudinger, 1886 (Ecuador)
* *Vila azeca semistalachtis* Hall, 1928 (Colombia)

## InfoBox

| Azeca banner | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
|  | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Nymphalidae |
| Genus: | *Vila* |
| Species: | ***V. azeca*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Vila azeca***<br>(Doubleday, \[1848\]) | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Olina azeca* Doubleday, \[1848\] * *Olina azeca* Westwood, \[1851\] * *Olina azeca mariana* Bates, 1865 * *Olina azeca stalachtoides* Bates, 1865 * *Vila semistalachtis* Hall, 1928 | |


title: Vila das Belezas (São Paulo Metro)

abstract: Vila das Belezas is a metro station on Line 5 (Lilac) of the São Paulo Metro in the Vila Andrade district of São Paulo, Brazil.

text:
# Vila das Belezas (São Paulo Metro)

**Vila das Belezas** is a metro station on Line 5 (Lilac) of the São Paulo Metro in the Vila Andrade district of São Paulo, Brazil.

## InfoBox

| Vila das Belezas | |
| --- | --- |
| Entrance of the station | |
| General information | |
| Location | Av. das Belezas, 880
Vila das Belezas
Brazil |
| Coordinates | 23°38′26″S 46°44′45″W / 23.6404258°S 46.7458498°W / -23.6404258; -46.7458498 |
| Owned by | Government of the State of São Paulo |
| Operated by | Companhia do Metropolitano de São Paulo (2002–2018)
ViaMobilidade (2018–present) |
| Platforms | Side platforms |
| Construction | |
| Structure type | Elevated |
| Accessible | Yes |
| Architect | Luiz Carlos Esteves |
| Other information | |
| Station code | VBE |
| History | |
| Opened | October 20, 2002 |
|  | |
| Services | |
| Preceding station São Paulo Metro Following station  Campo Limpotowards Capão Redondo  Line 5  Giovanni Gronchitowards Chácara Klabin | |
|  | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Track layout | |


abstract:
This is the progression of world record improvements of the 100 metres hurdles M50 division of Masters athletics.
  - Key
  -   Incomplete information
  Wind aided
  Pending

text:
# Masters M50 100 metres hurdles world record progression

This is the progression of world record improvements of the 100 metres hurdles M50 division of Masters athletics.

Key

*Incomplete information*   *Wind aided*   *Pending*

| Hand | Auto | Wind | Athlete | Nationality | Birthdate | Location | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|  | 13.57 |  | Walt Butler | United States | 21.03.1941 | Naperville | 05.07.1991 |
|  | 13.71 |  | Walt Butler | United States | 21.03.1941 | Norwalk | 22.06.1991 |
|  | 14.66 |  | Charles Miller | United States | 28.07.1937 | Eugene | 03.08.1989 |
| 14.7 |  |  | Jack Greenwood | United States | 05.02.1926 | San Diego | 19.08.1978 |
| 15.1 |  |  | Jack Greenwood | United States | 05.02.1926 | Gothenburg | 12.08.1977 |
|


abstract:
Masters M45 javelin throw world record progression is the progression of world record improvements of the javelin throw M45 division of Masters athletics. Records must be set in properly conducted, official competitions under the standing IAAF rules unless modified by World Masters Athletics. The M45 division consists of male athletes who have reached the age of 45 but have not yet reached the age of 50, so exactly from their 45th birthday to the day before their 50th birthday. The M45 division throws an 800 g implement.
  - Key
  -   Incomplete information
  Pending

text:
# Masters M45 javelin throw world record progression

**Masters M45 javelin throw world record progression** is the progression of world record improvements of the javelin throw M45 division of Masters athletics. Records must be set in properly conducted, official competitions under the standing IAAF rules unless modified by World Masters Athletics.  The M45 division consists of male athletes who have reached the age of 45 but have not yet reached the age of 50, so exactly from their 45th birthday to the day before their 50th birthday. The M45 division throws an 800 g implement.

Key

*Incomplete information*   *Pending*

| Distance | Athlete | Nationality | Birthdate | Location | Date |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 77.15 | Peter Blank | Germany | 10.04.1962 | Rehlingen | 28.05.2007 |
| 73.02 | Larry Stuart | United States | 19.10.1937 | Northridge | 14.06.1986 |
| 66.26 | Axel Jelten | Germany | 06.12.1940 | Heidelberg | 25.05.1986 |
|

Masters Athletics Javelin Throw list


title: Ville di Fano

abstract: Pellescritta is a frazione of Montereale, in the Province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo, region of Italy.

text:
# Ville di Fano

**Pellescritta** is a frazione of Montereale, in the Province of L'Aquila in the Abruzzo, region of Italy.

42°31′51″N 13°11′44″E / 42.53083°N 13.19556°E / 42.53083; 13.19556

## InfoBox

| Ville di Fano | |
| --- | --- |
| Frazione | |
|  | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Abruzzo |
| Province | L'Aquila |
| Commune | Montereale |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |


title: Ville di Fiemme

abstract: Ville di Fiemme is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Trentino in the Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. It was established on 1 January 2020 with the merger of the municipalities of Carano, Daiano and Varena.

text:
# Ville di Fiemme

**Ville di Fiemme** is a *comune* (municipality) in the Province of Trentino in the Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. It was established on 1 January 2020 with the merger of the municipalities of Carano, Daiano and Varena.

## InfoBox

| Ville di Fiemme | |
| --- | --- |
| *Comune* | |
| Comune di Ville di Fiemme | |
|  | |
|  | |
| Location of Ville di Fiemme | |
| Ville di FiemmeLocation of Ville di Fiemme in ItalyVille di FiemmeVille di Fiemme (Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol) | |
| Coordinates: 46°18′2.52″N 11°26′52.08″E / 46.3007000°N 11.4478000°E / 46.3007000; 11.4478000 | |
| Country | Italy |
| Region | Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol |
| Province | Trentino (TN) |
| Area | |
| Total | 46.15 km2 (17.82 sq mi) |
| Population (31 December 2018) | |
| Total | 2,596 |
| Density | 56/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Dialing code | 0462 |


title: Vijay Saxena

abstract: Vijay Saxena was a former Indian actor who was active in Hindi films from 1990 to 1994. He gained fame for his striking resemblance to Bollywood superstar Amitabh Bachchan, which opened doors for him to play lead roles in Hindi movies. Saxena died in a car accident in 1994. His real name was Mintu Paul.

text:
# Vijay Saxena

**Vijay Saxena** (1 January 1968 - 24 June 1994) was a former Indian actor who was active in Hindi films from 1990 to 1994. He gained fame for his striking resemblance to Bollywood superstar Amitabh Bachchan, which opened doors for him to play lead roles in Hindi movies. Saxena died in a car accident in 1994. His real name was Mintu Paul.

## Career

Saxena initially started his career in the film industry as a spotboy and later pursued a B.A. degree in Hindi. He made his acting debut in the film *Swarg Yahan Narak Yahan,* which starred Mithun Chakraborty. He also appeared in the parody film *Ramgarh Ke Sholay* (1991), which was inspired by *Sholay* (1975). The film also had other look-alike actors; Navin Rathod of Anil Kapoor, Anand Kumar of Govinda and Kishore Bhanushali of Dev Anand. He was paired opposite Sudha Chandran in *Aakhri Chetawani*. He was signed by a top director of Bollywood at the time of his death in 1994.

## Filmography

| Year | Film | Director |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1991 | *Swarg Yahan Narak Yahan* | Vimal Kumar |
| 1991 | *Ramgarh Ke Sholay* | Ajit Diwani |
| 1992 | *Dil Ka Kya Kasoor* | Lawrence D'Souza |
| 1992 | *Basanti Tangewali* |  |
| 1992 | *Ganga Bani Shola* |  |
| 1993 | *Baaghi Sultana* |  |
| 1993 | *Aakhri Chetawani* |  |
| 1993 | *Phoolan Hasina Ramkali* |  |
| 1994 | *Gangapur Ki Geeta* |  |
|

## InfoBox

| Vijay Saxena | |
| --- | --- |
| Vijay Saxena and Sudha Chandran
in *Aakhri Chetawani* | |
| Born | (1968-01-01)1 January 1968
Dhubri, Assam, India |
| Died | 24 June 1994(1994-06-24) (aged 26)
Mumbai, Maharashtra, India |
| Other names | Naqli Amithabh |
| Occupation | Actor |
| Years active | 1990–1994 |


title: Matapihi

abstract: Matapihi is a suburb and peninsula of Tauranga in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand's North Island, surrounded on most sides by the Tauranga Harbour. It is connectected to Mount Maunganui in the northeast by a landbridge, and Maungatapu in the southwest by Maungatapu Bridge. State Highway 29A runs through the suburb along this diagonal.

text:
# Matapihi

**Matapihi** is a suburb and peninsula of Tauranga in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand's North Island, surrounded on most sides by the Tauranga Harbour.

It is connectected to Mount Maunganui in the northeast by a landbridge, and Maungatapu in the southwest by Maungatapu Bridge. State Highway 29A runs through the suburb along this diagonal.

## Demographics

Matapihi covers 3.94 km2 (1.52 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 850 as of June 2023, with a population density of 216 people per km2.

Historical population
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2006 | 681 |  |
| 2013 | 675 | −0.13% |
| 2018 | 729 | +1.55% |
| Source: | | |

Matapihi had a population of 729 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 54 people (8.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 48 people (7.0%) since the 2006 census. There were 189 households, comprising 372 males and 357 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.04 males per female. The median age was 37.2 years (compared with 37.4 years nationally), with 171 people (23.5%) aged under 15 years, 135 (18.5%) aged 15 to 29, 342 (46.9%) aged 30 to 64, and 81 (11.1%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 36.6% European/Pākehā, 77.4% Māori, 2.1% Pacific peoples, 0.8% Asian, and 1.2% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 4.5, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 35.4% had no religion, 32.5% were Christian, 26.7% had Māori religious beliefs and 0.4% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 87 (15.6%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 141 (25.3%) people had no formal qualifications. The median income was $25,400, compared with $31,800 nationally. 72 people (12.9%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 273 (48.9%) people were employed full-time, 84 (15.1%) were part-time, and 42 (7.5%) were unemployed.

## Marae

Matapihi has two marae:

## Education

Te Kura o Matapihi is a co-educational Māori language immersion state primary school for Year 1 to 6 students, with a roll of 189 as of August 2024.

## InfoBox

| Matapihi | |
| --- | --- |
| Suburb | |
| Matapihi railway bridge to Tauranga Central | |
|  | |
| Coordinates: 37°41′48″S 176°11′28″E / 37.696607°S 176.191083°E / -37.696607; 176.191083 | |
| Country | New Zealand |
| City | Tauranga |
| Local authority | Tauranga City Council |
| Electoral ward | Mauao/Mount Maunganui General Ward |
| Area | |
| Land | 394 ha (974 acres) |
| Population (June 2023) | |
| Total | 850 |


title: Villő Kormos

abstract: Gyongyver Villő Kormos is a Hungarian diver.

text:
# Villő Kormos

**Gyongyver Villő Kormos** (born 2 August 1988) is a Hungarian diver.

## Career

At age sixteen, Kormos became one of the youngest divers to compete at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. She placed thirty-second in the preliminary rounds of the women's springboard event, with a score of 193.68.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, Kormos competed for the second time in women's springboard event, along with her compatriot Nóra Barta. She placed twenty-fourth in the preliminary rounds of the competition, with a score of 247.95.

Kormos is a full-time member of Rugóláb Lendület SE in Budapest, being coached and trained by Katalin Haász.

She announced her retirement on March 8, 2018.

## InfoBox

Villő Kormos
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Personal information | |
| Nationality | Hungarian |
| Born | (1988-08-02) 2 August 1988<br>Budapest, Hungary |
| Height | 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) |
| Weight | 60 kg (132 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Country | Hungary |
| Sport | Diving |
| Event | Springboard |
| Club | Rugóláb Lendület SE (HUN) |
| Coached by | Katalin Haász |
| Medal record      European Championships  2014 Berlin 10 m synchro  2016 London 10 m synchro | |


title: Matisia coloradorum

abstract: Matisia coloradorum is a species of plant in the family Malvaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

text:
# Matisia coloradorum

***Matisia coloradorum*** is a species of plant in the family Malvaceae. It is endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss.

## InfoBox

| *Matisia coloradorum* | |
| --- | --- |
| Conservation status | |
|
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1) | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| *Clade*: | Tracheophytes |
| *Clade*: | Angiosperms |
| *Clade*: | Eudicots |
| *Clade*: | Rosids |
| Order: | Malvales |
| Family: | Malvaceae |
| Genus: | *Matisia* |
| Species: | ***M. coloradorum*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Matisia coloradorum***
Benoist | |
|


title: Vincent Palermo

abstract: Vincent "Vinny Ocean" Palermo is an Italian-American former mobster who was the de facto boss of the DeCavalcante crime family of North Jersey before becoming a government witness in 1999. Fictional mob boss Tony Soprano, the protagonist of the HBO series The Sopranos, is said to be based upon Palermo. Similar to how Soprano owned the fictional Bada Bing! strip club on the show, Palermo owned a strip-club called Wiggles.

text:
# Vincent Palermo

**Vincent** "**Vinny Ocean**" **Palermo** (born June 4, 1944) is an Italian-American former mobster who was the *de facto* boss of the DeCavalcante crime family of North Jersey before becoming a government witness in 1999. Fictional mob boss Tony Soprano, the protagonist of the HBO series *The Sopranos*, is said to be based upon Palermo. Similar to how Soprano owned the fictional Bada Bing! strip club on the show, Palermo owned a strip-club called Wiggles.

## Background

Vincent Palermo was born in New York City on June 4, 1944, and raised in a traditional Italian-American family in Brooklyn. He was an in-law by marriage to Nicholas Delmore, the former head of the New Jersey crime family, whose nephew was Simone DeCavalcante, also a New Jersey mob boss whose daughter he married. Palermo has five sisters, including Claire and Nancy, and two brothers. His father was an Italian immigrant who moved to New York when he was a teenager. Palermo came from a close-knit family and was said to have lived a harmonious lifestyle. He was an altar boy during adolescence. When Palermo was sixteen, his father died, which forced him to leave school and work two jobs to help support his family, as his mother was a bedridden asthmatic. In his earlier years, Palermo worked at a wholesale fish business in the Fulton Fish Market, where he earned the nickname "Vinny Ocean".

Palermo was very protective of children; he allegedly once stopped a man from beating his son, and rescued a toddler relative who had accidentally fallen into a pool. Palermo was also reputedly a dedicated family man. He attended Sacred Heart Church in Island Park, New York, drove his daughters to Brownie meetings, and reportedly watched *Annie* with one of his daughters regularly. Palermo also took in a troubled teenager named Richard, becoming his godfather. Palermo would allow his godson to stay at his home every weekend for a year, enabling the boy to study the Catholic sacraments in preparation for eventual baptism, Communion and Confirmation.

Palermo was divorced once and remarried. In the 1980s, he became indebted to a hospital, local doctors, and the federal government. The tax liens against his property were in his second wife's name, an Italian-American woman named Angela, totaling $68,000. At the time, he was paying a large mortgage on a waterfront mansion with a 100-foot pier located in Island Park, New York. He had two Social Security numbers and paid alimony to his first wife. He also supports his second family, two daughters, Danielle and Tara, and a son Vincent Palermo Jr., with Michael (from his first marriage) and Renee. His son Michael is a graduate of Fordham University and a licensed New York stockbroker; he was an investment banker with Goldman Sachs up until his father's indictment, when Vincent Palermo Jr went into hiding.

### DeCavalcante's nephew-in-law

In the early 1960s, Palermo met and married the niece of crime boss Sam DeCavalcante of the DeCavalcante crime family. DeCavalcante took a liking to his nephew-in-law and began inviting him to visit his social club in Kenilworth, New Jersey. He worked at the fish markets in the early morning hours and hung out with mobsters on Sunday afternoons. Palermo cultivated relationships with other crime families—a lucrative loansharking operation with one Gambino family *caporegime* and bookmaking with another. He was also a close associate of the Genovese family. Palermo was known to say very little, speaking to only a very few close associates, and stayed away from mob-run social clubs. Until his racketeering indictment, he had only been arrested for the misdemeanor of stealing shrimp at the Fulton Fish Market.

## Murder of Fred Weiss

On September 11, 1989, Palermo, Anthony Capo, and James "Jimmy" Gallo murdered Staten Island resident Fred Weiss, on orders from DeCavalcante boss Giovanni "John the Eagle" Riggi through capo Anthony Rotondo. Weiss was a former newspaper reporter for the *Staten Island Advance* and a real-estate developer who had become associated with mobsters from both the DeCavalcante and Gambino families.

Weiss and two mob-partners had purchased a vacant property in Staten Island and started illegally dumping large amounts of dangerous medical waste there. Local authorities uncovered the scheme and started investigating Weiss, and the two mob-families became nervous. Gambino boss John Gotti worried that Weiss might become a government witness in exchange for leniency and requested that the DeCavalcante family murder Weiss to protect them. Palermo, Capo, and Gallo drove to the New York condominium of Weiss's girlfriend. As Weiss left the building and climbed into his car, Palermo and Gallo shot him in the face.

## Family scandal

Palermo was appointed capo after the Weiss murder and given his own crew of soldiers. Riggi was sent to prison in 1989, and appointed John "Johnny Boy" D'Amato as his acting boss. In January 1992, Anthony Capo participated in the murder of acting boss D'Amato. Earlier in 1991, D'Amato's girlfriend, retaliating against D'Amato over an argument, told Anthony Rotondo that D'Amato was an active bisexual. She described swinging encounters that D'Amato had in Manhattan sex clubs with both women and men. Rotondo shared this information with underboss Giacomo Amari, and consigliere Stefano Vitabile. In 2003, capos Philip "Phil" Abramo, Giuseppe "Pino" Schifilliti and the reputed consigliere Stefano Vitabile were charged in organizing various crimes, including the murder of D'Amato. Reputed men involved in the murder conspiracy, Palermo, Capo and Rotondo would later testify about this murder against their former associates.

## Power-struggle

With Amari's death, there was no clear candidate to become the new acting boss. Riggi, still in prison, restructured the family and created a ruling panel to run it in order to avoid a potential power struggle. Riggi appointed longtime members of the crime family to the panel: Vincent Palermo, Girolamo "Jimmy" Palermo (no relation to Vincent), and Charles Majuri. However, Majuri, furious that he wasn't appointed acting boss, decided to murder the two Palermos and take effective control of the DeCavalcante family. He asked Gallo to murder Vincent Palermo, but Gallo alerted Palermo about the plot.

To protect himself, Palermo decided to murder Majuri instead. Over the years, Majuri had made many enemies by removing fellow mobsters from a labor union that he controlled and taking their money. Palermo was able to recruit Capo, Gallo, and Joseph Masella to find and kill Majuri. However, on the one occasion when they were ready to kill Majuri, they became nervous and decided not to do it. When they reported their failure back to Palermo, he decided that Majuri didn't pose a threat after all and cancelled the murder contract. By the mid-90s, Palermo was the *de facto* boss of the DeCavalcante family, with Riggi reigning as boss *in absentia* from jail.

## Government-witness

In 1998, DeCavalcante associate Ralph Guarino was arrested for stealing $1.6 million from a Bank of America inside the World Trade Center. To avoid 20 years in prison, Guarino agreed to work as an informant for the FBI, giving the agency information on the actions of DeCavalcante members. The agency gave him cell phones rigged with surveillance equipment to distribute to other family members. In October 1998, Palermo's trusted lieutenant Joseph Masella was shot to death, leaving an opening in the family. Guarino's status had been rising in the family due to secret assistance from the FBI, and after Masella's murder, Palermo and the rest of the DeCavalcante leadership promoted Guarino to made man.

In 1999, Palermo faced charges and possible capital offenses, so he decided to become a government witness. He confessed to killing Weiss and mobster Louis LaRasso, and to planning the murders of the two D'Amatos, Masella, Majuri, and Tom Salvata, the manager at his strip club. Palermo also implicated other DeCavalcante family-members in various crimes. After testifying for the government, Palermo and his family entered the federal Witness Protection Program. However, prosecutors later discovered that he allegedly gave his son Michael $1 million in cash, possibly jeopardizing his status as a protected witness.

## New life in Houston, Texas

On September 14, 2009, the *New York Daily News* exposed Palermo's new life in witness-protection as a strip-club-operator in Houston, Texas. He has been living under the name "James Cabella". Houston Police alleged that Palermo's strip clubs were a source of drug dealing and prostitution in the Houston area. Palermo claimed that many of his Houston friends already knew of his past because of an A&E television special. He lived in a gated mansion in Houston.

The day after the *Daily News* report, Houston NBC affiliate KPRC-TV aired an investigative segment on Palermo. Forty days later, Palermo put his Houston mansion up for sale, first for $4 million but then, over the following two years, he reduced the price to $2.45 million. After the mansion still would not sell, he took it off the market on June 3, 2011. Palermo put his house up for sale again in September 2015; it eventually sold for $2.85 million on 5 August 2016. In late 2011, the *Houston Chronicle* reported that Palermo was sued by the former owner of one of his strip clubs, claiming that he had only paid $5,000 of the $1.3 million selling price.

## Bankruptcy

On March 4, 2013, Palermo filed a Chapter 11 bankruptcy petition in U.S. Bankruptcy Court in the Southern District of Texas. Under Chapter 11, a person's assets and debts are not liquidated, but the filer is given court-protection from creditors in order to try to perform a work-out of the insolvency situation.

## InfoBox

| Vincent Palermo | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1944-06-04) June 4, 1944<br>New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Other names | * "Vinny Ocean" * "James Cabella" |
| Occupation | Crime boss |
| Children | 5 |
| Relatives | Sam DeCavalcante (uncle-in-law) |
|  | |
| Allegiance | DeCavalcante crime family |
|  | |


title: Matlohang Moiloa-Ramoqopo

abstract: Matlohang Moiloa-Ramoqopo is an International Olympic Committee member from Lesotho. She was a table-tennis player before she took an interest in sports administration. She was the first woman to lead a national olympic committee when she was first elected in 2009.

text:
# Matlohang Moiloa-Ramoqopo

**Matlohang Moiloa-Ramoqopo** (born November 1, 1967) is an International Olympic Committee member from Lesotho. She was a table-tennis player before she took an interest in sports administration. She was the first woman to lead a national olympic committee when she was first elected in 2009.

## Life

Moiloa-Ramoqopo was born in 1967. In 1994 she graduated with a science degree from the University of Lesotho and went to work lecturing in Science and Engineering at the Lerotholi Polytechnic in Maseru. She left there in 1997 to teach at her alma mater and in 1999 she went to compete at table tennis at the All-Africa Games in Johannesburg.

She went to France to obtain her master's degree in Sports Organisation Management from the University of Lyon in 2007. In 2013 she took another first degree at the University of South Africa. In 2017 she became a deputy head teacher.

She was the first woman to lead a national olympic committee when she was elected to be the President of the Lesotho National Olympic Committee in 2009. She served for the four-year term and she was then reelected. In 2015 she hosted a meeting of 50 African countries as part of the African National Olympic Committee Association’s (ANOCA) "seminar of secretaries general".

In 2017 she was elected for the third time. During her presidency Lesotho won no Olympic medals which continued a trend that began in 1972 when Lesotho first competed at the games.

The country's first gold medal was at a Commonwealth Games Marathon in 1998.

She became a member of the International Olympic Committee in 2019. In 2021 she was elected to be the second vice-president of ANOCA having previously been the third V-P. ANOCA's president was Mustapha Berraf of Algeria. In the same year she was succeeded as President of Lesotho National Olympic Committee after twelve years by former vice-president Tlali Rampoona.

## InfoBox

| Matlohang Moiloa-Ramoqopo | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | 1 November 1967 |
| Nationality | Lesotho |
| Known for | Olympic Committee member |


title: Matlyuba Kamilova

abstract: Matlyuba Kamilova, also Matluba, is an Uzbek human rights activist and school principal. In 2016, Samantha Power, the U.S. Ambassador to the U.N., named her one of twenty women political prisoners in the FreeThe20 campaign. Kamilova spoke out about police corruption. In September 2010, she was arrested and charged with possession of drugs. She is still in prison.

text:
# Matlyuba Kamilova

**Matlyuba Kamilova**, also **Matluba**, (born 1960) is an Uzbek human rights activist and school principal. In 2016, Samantha Power, the U.S. Ambassador to the U.N., named her one of twenty women political prisoners in the FreeThe20 campaign.

Kamilova spoke out about police corruption. In September 2010, she was arrested and charged with possession of drugs. She is still in prison.

## Life and work

Born in 1960, Kamillova is a lawyer. She was the director of a technical college in Angren, Tashkent.

She worked against corruption and helped people work for their rights. Thanks to her involvement, two corruption cases were started against local government officials.

On September 6, 2010, police stopped Kamilova in her car, in which her 21-year-old son, Shohruhon, was also present. The police told Shohruhon they found heroin in the car. They beat Kamilova and her son, and took them to jail. In jail, they made Kavilova listen to the screams of prisoners being beaten because they wanted her to confess. At the trial, the police did not agree about where they found the drugs. An activist at the trial said the police put drugs on Kamilova. Drug convictions and planting drugs on human rights activists are routine in Uzbekistan.

A court sentenced Kamilova to eleven years in prison. Because it is a drug charge, she cannot appeal. No one knows where she is.


title: Vilnius conflict

abstract:
The Vilnius conflict (1920–1939) was a conflict between Poland and Lithuania over Vilnius and the Vilnius region.
The conflict was mainly diplomatic and it lasted from October 9, 1920 until October 10, 1939.

text:
# Vilnius conflict

The **Vilnius conflict (1920–1939)** was a conflict between Poland and Lithuania over Vilnius and the Vilnius region.

The conflict was mainly diplomatic and it lasted from October 9, 1920 (when the Poles captured Vilnius) until October 10, 1939 (when the Soviets transferred the Vilnius region to Lithuania).

## Żeligowski's Mutiny

The conflict started when Lucjan Żeligowski captured Vilnius and establishmed the Polish puppet state known as the Republic of Central Lithuania, Żeligowski advanced into Lithuania and was defeated at Giedraičiai and on November 19, Żeligowski proposed to the Control Commission, led by Chardigny, to cease hostilities.

## Attemptes to create peace

The Lithuanians agreed, and a ceasefire was signed on November 21. Later, this episode was criticized by Lithuanian commentators, as at the time the Lithuanian Army had the initiative on the front and had the chance to march on Vilnius. However, the Lithuanians trusted that the League of Nations would resolve the dispute in their favor and feared that an attack on Vilnius would prompt regular Polish forces to reinforce Żeligowski's units. The Poles rejected any withdrawal of Żeligowski's forces, and no agreement could be reached regarding a demarcation line.

On November 29, 1920, it was agreed only to cease hostilities on November 30, to entrust the Control Commission with the establishment of a 6 km (3.7 mi) wide neutral zone, and to exchange prisoners. The League of Nations decided to hold a plebiscite in the Vilnius region and to introduce foreign troops into the territory to "ensure order." However, the Lithuanian government refused to hold a plebiscite. In December 1920, the Soviets protested against the deployment of foreign forces in the Vilnius region.

Poland and Lithuania entered negotiations in 1921 with the mediation of the League's representative, the Belgian Minister of Foreign Affairs, Gimans. He proposed giving the Vilnius region to Lithuania under the condition that Lithuania enter a union with Poland, but this was rejected by the Lithuanian government.

In March 1923, a group of ambassadors from England, France, Italy, and Japan attempted to settle the border issue and awarded Vilnius to Poland. This was protested by the Soviets in a letter to Poland in early April 1923. On September 28, a non-aggression pact was signed between the Soviet Union and Lithuania, in which the Soviets once again claimed their support for Lithuania.

## 1938 Ultimatum

## Soviet liberation and eventual transfer of Vilnius to Lithuania

## InfoBox

| Vilnius conflict | |
| --- | --- |
| Part of the Polish–Lithuanian War and Lithuania–Poland relations | |
|
Map of the Lithuania-Poland border before the Soviet invasion of Poland | |
| Date October 9, 1920-October 10, 1939  Location Vilnius region  Result * Vilnius falls under Polish occupation in 1920 * Re-establishment of Polish Lithuanian realisations in 1938 * Transfer of Vilnius to Lithuania in 1939 | |
| Belligerents | |
| Lithuania
**Supported by:**
Soviet Russia (until 1922)
Soviet Union (after 1922) | Poland
**Supported by:**
British Empire
France
Japan |


title: Vilma Covane

abstract: Vilma Covane is a Mozambican basketball player. She plays for her college team, University of the Cumberlands Patriots, and also the Mozambique women's national basketball team.

text:
# Vilma Covane

**Vilma Covane** (born October 10, 1996) is a Mozambican basketball player. She plays for her college team, University of the Cumberlands Patriots, and also the Mozambique women's national basketball team.

## High school

Covane played under Lionel Manhique in Mozambique. She averaged 16 points, 11 rebounds and 2 assists per game.

## College

In Seward County Community College Covane averaged 8.3 points per game, 4.5 rebounds and 1.1 assists. In her sophomore year she attended Jones County Junior College and only spent a season there. And later moved to the University of The Cumberlands. In her junior year, she played in 26 games, starting in 16 and averaged 12.5 points per game and 7.2 rebounds per game. As a senior Covane played in 19 games, while starting 14 and recorded 207 points, 102 rebounds, 19 steals, team-high 15 blocks, and six assists.

## National Team Career

Covane participated in the 2011 Afrobasket U16 Championship for Women and averaged 4 points, 0 rebounds, 0 assists. And also the 2014 Afrobasket U18 Women, she averaged 6.6 points, 10.9 rebounds, and 0.3 assist. She recently participated in the 2021 FIBA Women's Afrobasket where she averaged 2.2 points, 2 rebounds and 0.3 assists.

## InfoBox

Vilma Covane
| No. 42  University of the Cumberlands Patriots | |
| --- | --- |
| Position | Center |
| Personal information | |
| Born | Oct 10, 1996<br>Maputo, Mozambique |
| Nationality | American-Mozambique |
| Listed height | 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m) |
| Career information | |
| College | University of the Cumberlands |
| NBA draft | 2021(undrafted): undrafted |


title: Vilma Glücklich

abstract: Vilma Glücklich (1872–1927), was a Hungarian educational reformer, pacifist and women's rights activist. In 1896, she became the first woman in Hungary to receive a degree from the Faculty of Philosophy in the Budapest State University, after having been the first woman admitted to a Hungarian university. Alongside Rosika Schwimmer, she is counted as one of the two leading figures in the Hungarian Women's Movement in late 19th-century and early 20th-century. Elected a member of the presidential committee of the National Association of Female Employees (1902), co-founder of the Hungarian Feminist Association or HFA (1904), co-founder of the Women's International League for peace and Freedom (1915), member of the Supervision Committee of the Municipal administration of Budapest (1918), co-founder secretary general of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (1924–1926). Vilma Glücklich was the first woman to attend the University in Budapest and Hungary, and the first to graduate from one in 1896. She worked as a teacher. From 1902, she was active in trade union work, and soon after in the women's movement. In 1913, she and Rosika Schwimmer hosted the 7th congress of the International Alliance for Women Suffrage in Budapest. During World War I, she was active in the pacifist movement. She became one of two females active in the democratic regime in 1918. Because of this, she was deprived of her work and exiled in 1921, after which she emigrated to Switzerland.

text:
# Vilma Glücklich

**Vilma Glücklich** (1872–1927), was a Hungarian educational reformer, pacifist and women's rights activist. In 1896, she became the first woman in Hungary to receive a degree from the Faculty of Philosophy in the Budapest State University, after having been the first woman admitted to a Hungarian university. Alongside Rosika Schwimmer, she is counted as one of the two leading figures in the Hungarian Women's Movement in late 19th-century and early 20th-century. Elected a member of the presidential committee of the National Association of Female Employees (1902), co-founder of the Hungarian Feminist Association (Feministák Egyesülete) or HFA (1904), co-founder of the Women's International League for peace and Freedom (1915), member of the Supervision Committee of the Municipal administration of Budapest (1918), co-founder secretary general of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom (1924–1926).

Vilma Glücklich was the first woman to attend the University in Budapest and Hungary, and the first to graduate from one in 1896. She worked as a teacher. From 1902, she was active in trade union work, and soon after in the women's movement. In 1913, she and Rosika Schwimmer hosted the 7th congress of the International Alliance for Women Suffrage in Budapest.

During World War I, she was active in the pacifist movement. She became one of two females active in the democratic regime in 1918. Because of this, she was deprived of her work and exiled in 1921, after which she emigrated to Switzerland.

* Francisca de Haan; Krasimira Daskalova; Anna Loutfi (2006). *Biographical Dictionary of Women's Movements and Feminisms in Central, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe: 19th and 20th Centuries*. Central European University Press. pp. 162–. ISBN 978-963-7326-39-4.
* Helen Rappaport: *Encyclopedia of Women Social Reformers - Volym 1* 2001
* Katalin Fábián: *Contemporary Women's Movements in Hungary: Globalization, Democracy, and ...* 2009


title: Mate (horse)

abstract: Mate was an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 1931 Preakness Stakes.

text:
# Mate (horse)

**Mate** (foaled 1928 in Kentucky) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for winning the 1931 Preakness Stakes.

## Background

From modest parentage, Mate was bred and raced by Albert C. Bostwick, Jr., whose grandfather was a founding partner of Standard Oil. Mate was trained by Jim Healy and had to race against very strong opponents in 1930 and 1931 when he was part of what the *Chicago Tribune* newspaper called the "big four" in racing which included Twenty Grand, Jamestown, and Equipoise.

## Racing career

### United States

At age two, Mate won several races including two from the most important for his age group, the Breeders' Futurity Stakes and the Champagne Stakes. The following year, in what was the first leg of the 1931 U.S. Triple Crown series, on May 9 Mate beat Twenty Grand to win Preakness Stakes while equaling the stakes record. That year's Kentucky Derby was then run on May 16 and won by Twenty Grand with Mate finishing third behind runner-up, Sweep All. He did not run in the Belmont Stakes but went on to win the prestigious American Derby in Chicago and beat Twenty Grand for the second time while winning the Arlington Classic in which he set a new Arlington Park track record of 2:02 2-5 for 1¼ miles on dirt.

Racing in 1932 and 1933, at age four and five, Mate won the 1933 Thanksgiving Day Handicap at Bowie Race Track, a race he had previously won as a three-year-old. and had second and third-place finishes in some of the major racing events including the Brooklyn and Metropolitan Handicaps.

### England

In 1934, the then six-year-old mate was sent to England with the ultimate goal of winning the Ascot Gold Cup at Ascot Racecourse. Having been accustomed to race on flat, oval dirt tracks for most of his career he now had to adapt to European turf courses. He first ran in the Newbury Spring Cup in mid April without showing well, then finished third in the City and Suburban Handicap at Epsom Downs. He was second on the same racecourse in the Coronation Cup but out of the money behind Felicitation in June's Ascot Gold Cup. Mate won his first and only stakes in England on October 19, 1934, capturing the Challenge Stakes at Newmarket Racecourse.

## Stud record

Retired to stud duty, from a limited number of offspring, Mate most notably sired Elkridge, a U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee who was the American Champion Steeplechase Horse in 1942 and 1946.

## Breeding

Pedigree of Mate
| Sire
Prince Pal bay 1917 | Prince Palatine bay 1908 | Persimmon | St. Simon |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | Perdita II |
| | Lady Lightfoot | Isinglass |
| | Glare |
| | Wilful Maid ch. 1910 | Sundridge | Amphion |
| | | Sierra |
| | Marian Hood | Martagon |
| | Maid Marion |
| Dam
Killashandra bay 1922 | Ambassador brown 1911 | Dark Ronald | Bay Ronald |
| | | Darkie |
| | Excellenza | Haut Brion |
| | Gulbeyaz |
| | The Banshee bay 1914 | His Majesty | Melton |
| | | Silver Sea |
| | Bannagroe | St. Aidan |
| | Stella |

## InfoBox

| Mate | |
| --- | --- |
| Sire | Prince Pal |
| Grandsire | Prince Palatine |
| Dam | Killashandra |
| Damsire | Ambassador |
| Sex | Stallion |
| Foaled | 1928 |
| Country | United States |
| Color | Chestnut |
| Breeder | Albert C. Bostwick, Jr. |
| Owner | Albert C. Bostwick, Jr. |
| Trainer | James W. Healy |
| Record | 75: 20-14-19 |
| Earnings | US$301,810 |
| Major wins | |
| Spalding Lowe Jenkins Handicap (1930)
Walden Stakes (1930)
Breeders' Futurity Stakes (1930)
Champagne Stakes (1930)
Stanley Produce Stakes (1931)
Thanksgiving Day Handicap (1931, 1933)
Kenner Stakes (1931)
Arlington Classic (1931)
American Derby (1931)
Bowie Handicap (1931)
Challenge Stakes (1934)**U.S. Triple Crown wins:**
Preakness Stakes (1931) | |
| Last updated on January 21, 2010 | |