# Youth Iranian records in Olympic weightlifting

The following are the national youth records in Olympic weightlifting in Iran. Records are maintained in each weight class for the snatch lift, clean and jerk lift, and the total for both lifts by the I.R. Iran Weightlifting Federation.

## Current records

### Boys

| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place | Age | Ref/Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 49 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Clean & Jerk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 55 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 92 kg | Matin Mohammadi | 6 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 173 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 110 kg | Matin Mohammadi | 6 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 173 days |  |
| Total | 202 kg | Matin Mohammadi | 6 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 173 days |  |
| 61 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Clean & Jerk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 67 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 130 kg | Iliya Salehipour | 7 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 14 years, 308 days |  |
| Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 73 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 118 kg | Amirhossein Hosseinzadeh | 8 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 122 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 153 kg | Amirhossein Hosseinzadeh | 8 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 122 days |  |
| Total | 271 kg | Amirhossein Hosseinzadeh | 8 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 122 days |  |
| 81 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 147 kg | Alireza Abbaspoor | 8 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 21 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 181 kg | Alireza Abbaspoor | 8 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 21 days |  |
| Total | 328 kg | Alireza Abbaspoor | 8 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 21 days |  |
| 89 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 141 kg | Amirhossein Soleimani | 9 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 27 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 166 kg | Amirhossein Soleimani | 9 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 27 days |  |
| Total | 307 kg | Amirhossein Soleimani | 9 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 17 years, 27 days |  |
| 96 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Clean & Jerk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 102 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Clean & Jerk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| +102 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 176 kg | Taha Nemati | 23 November 2023 | Junior World Championships | Guadalajara, Mexico | 17 years, 297 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 225 kg | Alireza Yousefi | 8 June 2019 | Junior World Championships | Suva, Fiji | 15 years, 285 days |  |
| Total | 396 kg | Alireza Yousefi | 8 June 2019 | Junior World Championships | Suva, Fiji | 15 years, 285 days |  |

### Girls

| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place | Age | Ref/Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 40 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 49 kg | Fatemeh Hassnpour | 5 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 16 years, 113 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 45 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 68 kg | Zahra Hosseini | 6 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 13 years, 63 days |  |
| Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 49 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 63 kg | Anita Feizi | 30 July 2023 | Asian Youth Championships | Greater Noida, India | 16 years, 273 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 83 kg | Anita Feizi | 30 July 2023 | Asian Youth Championships | Greater Noida, India | 16 years, 273 days |  |
| Total | 146 kg | Anita Feizi | 30 July 2023 | Asian Youth Championships | Greater Noida, India | 16 years, 273 days |  |
| 55 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 68 kg | Ghazal Hosseini | 7 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 15 years, 115 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 84 kg | Ghazal Hosseini | 7 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 15 years, 115 days |  |
| Total | 152 kg | Ghazal Hosseini | 7 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 15 years, 115 days |  |
| 59 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 76 kg | Fatemeh Keshavarz | 8 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 16 years, 345 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 94 kg | Ghazaleh Hosseini | 8 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 15 years, 116 days |  |
| Total | 168 kg | Ghazaleh Hosseini | 8 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 15 years, 116 days |  |
| 64 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 75 kg | Elnaz Bajalani | 24 April 2019 | Asian Championships | Ningbo, China | 16 years, 0 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 88 kg | Elnaz Bajalani | 24 April 2019 | Asian Championships | Ningbo, China | 16 years, 0 days |  |
| Total | 163 kg | Elnaz Bajalani | 24 April 2019 | Asian Championships | Ningbo, China | 16 years, 0 days |  |
| 71 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Clean & Jerk |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| Total |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 76 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 70 kg | Kizhan Maghsoodi | 10 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 16 years, 124 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 97 kg | Kizhan Maghsoodi | 10 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 16 years, 124 days |  |
| Total | 167 kg | Kizhan Maghsoodi | 10 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 16 years, 124 days |  |
| 81 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 93 kg | Elnaz Bajalani | 23 April 2021 | Asian Championships | Tashkent, Uzbekistan | 17 years, 364 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 115 kg | Yekta Jamali | 11 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 16 years, 299 days |  |
| Total | 205 kg | Yekta Jamali | 11 October 2021 | Youth World Championships | Jeddah, Saudi Arabia | 16 years, 299 days |  |
| +81 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 100 kg | Yekta Jamali | 16 December 2021 | World Championships | Tashkent, Uzbekistan | 17 years, 0 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 122 kg | Yekta Jamali | 16 December 2021 | World Championships | Tashkent, Uzbekistan | 17 years, 0 days |  |
| Total | 222 kg | Yekta Jamali | 16 December 2021 | World Championships | Tashkent, Uzbekistan | 17 years, 0 days |  |

## Historical records

### Boys

| Event | Record | Athlete | Date | Meet | Place | Age | Ref/Note |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 50 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 91 kg | Majid Askari | 2007 | Youth Asian Championships | Jordan |  |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 107 kg | Majid Askari | 2007 | Youth Asian Championships | Jordan |  |  |
| Total | 198 kg | Majid Askari | 2007 | Youth Asian Championships | Jordan |  |  |
| 56 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 115 kg | Sajjad Behrouzi | 9 November 2005 | World Championships | Doha, Qatar | 16 years, 50 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 140 kg | Sajjad Behrouzi | 9 November 2005 | World Championships | Doha, Qatar | 16 years, 50 days |  |
| Total | 255 kg | Sajjad Behrouzi | 9 November 2005 | World Championships | Doha, Qatar | 16 years, 50 days |  |
| 62 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 125 kg | Sajjad Behrouzi | 29 May 2006 | Junior World Championships | Hangzhou, China | 16 years, 251 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 145 kg | Sajjad Behrouzi | 29 May 2006 | Junior World Championships | Hangzhou, China | 16 years, 251 days |  |
| Total | 270 kg | Sajjad Behrouzi | 29 May 2006 | Junior World Championships | Hangzhou, China | 16 years, 251 days |  |
| 69 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 131 kg | Kianoush Rostami | 26 April 2008 | Asian Championships | Kanazawa, Japan | 16 years, 278 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 164 kg | Hossein Soltani | 2016 | Youth World Championships | Penang, Malaysia | 16 years, 322 days |  |
| Total | 295 kg | Hossein Soltani | 2016 | Youth World Championships | Penang, Malaysia | 16 years, 322 days |  |
| 77 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 139 kg | Afshin Taheri | 2017 | Youth World Championships | Thailand, Bangkok | 17 years, 45 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 172 kg | Taghi Aghazadeh | 2016 | Youth Asian Championships | Japan, Tokyo | 17 years, 26 days |  |
| Total | 306 kg | Taghi Aghazadeh | 2016 | Youth Asian Championships | Japan, Tokyo | 17 years, 26 days |  |
| 85 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 146 kg | Alireza Dehghan | 6 April 2013 | Youth World Championships | Tashkent, Uzbekistan | 16 years, 100 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 176 kg | Alireza Dehghan | 25 May 2013 | Youth Asian Championships | Doha, Qatar | 16 years, 149 days |  |
| Total | 319 kg | Alireza Dehghan | 6 April 2013 | Youth World Championships | Tashkent, Uzbekistan | 16 years, 100 days |  |
| 94 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 166 kg | Alireza Dehghan | 26 October 2013 | World Championships | Wrocław, Poland | 16 years, 303 days | **YAR** |
| Clean & Jerk | 194 kg | Navab Nasirshalal | 29 May 2006 | Junior World Championships | Hangzhou, China | 17 years, 89 days |  |
| Total | 350 kg | Navab Nasirshalal | 29 May 2006 | Junior World Championships | Hangzhou, China | 17 years, 89 days |  |
| +94 kg | | | | | | | |
| Snatch | 170 kg | Ali Davoudi | 19 October 2016 | Youth World Championships | Penang, Malaysia | 17 years, 211 days |  |
| Clean & Jerk | 218 kg | Alireza Yousefi | 13 October 2018 | Youth Olympic Games | Buenos Aires, Argentina | 15 years, 47 days | **YAR** |
| Total | 386 kg | Alireza Kazeminejad | 29 June 2011 | Junior World Championships | Penang, Malaysia | 17 years, 142 days |  |


title: Park Chan-su

abstract: Park Chan-su is a Korean sculptor in wood, and a museum curator. He is the primary exponent of the Korean style of wood-carving known as mokjogakjang. Park began wood-carving at the age of 12 to supplement his family's income. A decade or so later he became interested in Buddhist sculpture, and began to specialise in the rediscovery of the traditional mokjogakjang carving techniques used in Buddhist art. He took the Buddhist name Moga, meaning "a tree in bud". In 1989, he founded the Moga Museum in Yeoju to display traditional handicrafts and Buddhist sculptures and relics. The museum has over 6,000 pieces in its catalogue, many of them Park's own work. Park has been noted for both the rough-hewn simplicity of his works and for his melding of ancient and modern sculpture techniques. Many of his works have a comic or joyful theme, derived from his Buddhist beliefs. Unusually, he uses a moktak rather than a hammer or mallet to drive his chisel. Thematically, his carvings tend to be of Buddha or Buddhist subjects, but he is also noted for creating traditional shamanic sculptures such as jangseung totems. In 1986, Park was awarded the grand prize at the Buddhist Arts Exhibition, and three years later won the President's Prize in the national Traditional Crafts Competition. In 1996, Park and his style of carving were designated Important Intangible Cultural Assets by the Korean Cultural Heritage Organisation. He has also written several books on traditional Korean woodcarving, and runs workshops and classes in which he teaches others the art of mokjogakjang. One of his sculptures is owned by George W. Bush, and is displayed at Bush's Texas ranch.

text:
# Park Chan-su

| Park Chan-su | |
| --- | --- |
| Hangul | 박찬수 |
| Revised Romanization | *Bak Chansu* |
| McCune–Reischauer | *Pak Ch'ansu* |

**Park Chan-su** (Korean: 박찬수; a.k.a. **Park Changsoo**, **Moga**) is a Korean sculptor in wood, and a museum curator. He is the primary exponent of the Korean style of wood-carving known as *mokjogakjang*.

Park began wood-carving at the age of 12 to supplement his family's income. A decade or so later he became interested in Buddhist sculpture, and began to specialise in the rediscovery of the traditional *mokjogakjang* carving techniques used in Buddhist art. He took the Buddhist name Moga, meaning "a tree in bud".

In 1989, he founded the Moga Museum (later the Moga Buddhist Museum) in Yeoju to display traditional handicrafts and Buddhist sculptures and relics. The museum has over 6,000 pieces in its catalogue, many of them Park's own work.

> My wood sculptures and I are not separate, but one. I have lived with the belief that I cannot exist without my wood sculptures.

Park Chan-su

Park has been noted for both the rough-hewn simplicity of his works and for his melding of ancient and modern sculpture techniques. Many of his works have a comic or joyful theme, derived from his Buddhist beliefs. Unusually, he uses a *moktak* (Buddhist wooden percussion instrument) rather than a hammer or mallet to drive his chisel. Thematically, his carvings tend to be of Buddha or Buddhist subjects, but he is also noted for creating traditional shamanic sculptures such as *jangseung* totems.

In 1986, Park was awarded the grand prize at the Buddhist Arts Exhibition, and three years later won the President's Prize in the national Traditional Crafts Competition. In 1996, Park and his style of carving were designated Important Intangible Cultural Assets by the Korean Cultural Heritage Organisation. He has also written several books on traditional Korean woodcarving, and runs workshops and classes in which he teaches others the art of *mokjogakjang*. One of his sculptures is owned by George W. Bush, and is displayed at Bush's Texas ranch.

## InfoBox

| Park Chan-su | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | (1949-07-01) 1 July 1949<br>Sancheong, South Gyeongsang Province |
| Nationality | Korean |
| Occupation | Sculptor |
| Known for | Buddhist sculpture |


title: Lily Hope

abstract: Lily Hope is an Alaska Native artist, designer, teacher, weaver, Financial Freedom planner, and community facilitator. She is primarily known for her skills at weaving customary Northwest Coast ceremonial regalia such as Chilkat robes and ensembles. She owns a public-facing studio in Juneau, called Wooshkindein Da.àat: Lily Hope Weaver Studio which opened downtown in 2022. Lily Hope is a mother of five children, and works six days a week.

text:
# Lily Hope

**Lily Hope** (born 1980, Juneau) is an Alaska Native artist, designer, teacher, weaver, Financial Freedom planner, and community facilitator. She is primarily known for her skills at weaving customary Northwest Coast ceremonial regalia such as Chilkat robes and ensembles. She owns a public-facing studio in Juneau, called Wooshkindein Da.àat: Lily Hope Weaver Studio which opened downtown in 2022. Lily Hope is a mother of five children, and works six days a week.

## Biography and education

Lily Hope, also known as Lily Lalanya Hudson, was born and raised in Juneau, Alaska by full-time artists. She identifies herself as Tlingit Indian of the Raven moiety from her grandmother's clan, the T’akdeintaan. The clan originated from Snail House in Hoonah, Alaska. Her Lingít name is Wooshkindein Da.àat. Her mother, Clarissa Rizal, and artist Kay Parker, both well-known and also from Juneau, Alaska, taught her how to weave.

Clarissa Rizal (Tlingit, 1956–2016) was a weaver, painter, printmaker, carver, and sculptor. She was one of the last apprentices of the late master Chilkat weaver, Jennie Thlunaut (Tlingit, 1891-1986). In the 1990s, Thlunaut was one of few artists who still created Chilkat weaving. Thlunaut's knowledge of formline design was so thorough that she was able to create her own designs that followed those aesthetic rules. She taught this to Rizal, who in turn taught Hope how to weave in formline style. Hope's ties with her mother were strong to the point that they collaborated on an ensemble and won first place at an art show. Her sister, Ursala Hudson, is also a textile artist and fashion designer.

Hope studied communications and theater at University of Alaska Southeast from 2002 to 2007. Soon after college, she became a well-known Chilkat and Raventail weaver and teacher. She also acted and participated in the Alaskan Regional theater, Perseverance Theatre, whose mission is to “create professional theatre by and for Alaskans." They valued community engagement, cross-cultural collaboration, professional rigor, and regional voice. This ties in with Hope's commitment and dedication to her hometown.

She teaches weaving in Juneau, Yukon Territory, and down the coast of southeast Alaska. She is also a mother of five children.

## Artworks

*Copper Child* (2012) was her first Ravenstail ensemble, in which she collaborated with her mother Clarissa Rizal. It is made from Merino wool, rabbit fur, sea otter fur, and copper cones. It includes a robe, headdress, and apron. It fits a child. Its intent is for celebrations. It contains *standing at the top of the mountain pattern* repeating across the body of the robe, with Hope's 2002 design, *shaman eyes*, and Rizal's traditional *lightning* and *Haida spider web* designs. It had a run of exhibits and shows and won first place at Sealake Heritage Institute's Juried Art Show in 2012. It now holds a permanent spot in its collection.

*Little Watchman* (2014) is a child-size Chilkat ensemble that includes a headdress, leggings, a wool jacket adorned with epaulets, and a Chilkat face on the back. It exemplifies the mix of Ravenstail and Chilkat textiles. Chilkat robes used a modified Northwest Coast formline, and she weaves them by hand on an upright frame with no tools other than a tapestry needle to tuck in braids. And it is on display in the exhibition *Reflections: Native Arts Across Generations* at the Fralin Museum of Art. This exhibition's purpose was to bring together historic Native American art that was drawn from the collections of the Fralin Museum of Art with the work of several distinguished contemporary Native artists.

*Lineage Robe (2017)* thigh-spun Merino wool, cedar bark, hand-dyed merino wool, beaver fur is part of the collection of the Portland Art Museum. In the Northwest Coast, such as Alaska, British Columbia, Washington, the tribes believe in human and animal interactions were strong enough to the point that they could switch with each other. The Chilkat blanket is a woven cape, worn by high-ranking tribal members during civic and ceremonial occasions. Only the wealthy could make or own. Both men and women contributed to the process of creating the blanket. Men would design the pattern while the women would provide the cedar bark. It was considered a great privilege. The standard design is a white background with a bold black border and fringe on the lower portion. This also consisted of the formline style, which is a primary design from the Northwest. It consisted of darkly outlined shapes called ovoids. Ovoids are U or V-shapes. The blankets are in black, white, or red colors. But on this occasion, Hope mainly used the traditional designs of a Chilkat blanket but added in color to it to modernize it.

*Heritage Robe (2017)* is her first adult-size Chilkat robe. It took her 17 months, from 2016 to 2017, and more than 1,700 hours at her loom. It is one of four robes in the exhibition at Portland Art Museum, in Portland Oregon that are connected by the same teaching lineage. It mainly holds the same outlined shapes and characteristics from the *Lineage Robe*. Hope worked on the robe at SHI's Delores Churchill Artist-in-Residence Studio. While she was working on the project, her mother, Clarissa Rizal, passed away. The intention of the robe, according to Hope, is to help build international awareness and recognition of Chilkat weaving. Tlingit children and grandchildren could learn more about their ancestry.

*Giving Strength Robe (2019)* 5-inch-by-5-inch squares to create a traditional indigenous robe. This is a collaboration with many Chilkat and Ravenstail weavers from all over North America. The concept originally came from Heidi Vantrease, the project organizers include Hope, Deanna Lampe, and Ursala Hudson. Ursala Hudson is Hope's sister who is an artist and a graphic designer who photographs and paints. She is also a mother and contributes to society by working as president and one of the founders of Pagosa Peak Open School, the community's charter school. The intention is to bring weavers together to bring in strength and for survivors to be able to heal. The completed robe will be given to Aiding Women in Abuse and Rape Emergencies (AWARE), Juneau's gender-inclusive shelter for survivors of gender-based violence. This project was mildly based on Clarissa Rizal's “Weavers Across the Water's robe”, which also brought weavers together to create a robe to fight for a cause.

## Exhibitions

* "Sharing Honors and Burdens: Renwick Invitational 2023," Renwick Gallery Smithsonian Institution. May 26, 2023 - March 31, 2024.
* "Exhibit On The History Of Northern Northwest Coast Weaving," Alaska State Museum. May 1- October 10, 2020.
* "Reflections: Native Arts Across Generations," The Fralin Museum of Art. May 24, 2018 - January 27, 2019.
* “The Art of Resilience: The Continuum of Tlingit Art," Portland Art Museum. 2016 - 2017.
* "Interwoven Radiance, Center for Contemporary Native Art," Portland Art Museum. November 10, 2017 – June 24, 2018

## Collections

Lily Hope's work is included in the following public collections.

## Awards

* 2022 Artist-in-Residence at Institute of American Indian Arts, January 20 - Feb 8 2022
* 2021 SHIFT award from Native Arts and Cultures Foundation “Protecting the Material Sovereignty of Our Indigenous Homelands"
* 2018 Mentor Artist Fellowship
* 2017 Bill Holm Research Grant
* 2012 Sealaska Heritage Institute's Juried Art Show


title: Pedro Miguel Etxenike

abstract: Pedro Miguel Etxenike Landiribar, also known as Pedro Miguel Echenique, is a Basque theoretical solid-state physicist, Professor of Condensed Matter Physics at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), and former minister of the Basque Autonomous Community.

text:
# Pedro Miguel Etxenike

**Pedro Miguel Etxenike Landiribar**, also known as **Pedro Miguel Echenique** (born 8 June 1950, Isaba, Navarre), is a Basque theoretical solid-state physicist, Professor of Condensed Matter Physics at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), and former minister of the Basque Autonomous Community.

## Early life and education

Etxenike was the son of a medical doctor, Pedro Etxenike, and a teacher, Felisa Landiribar. Growing up with one brother and one sister in a small navarrese village (with about 800 inhabitants at the time) he later attended a Capuchin boarding school He attended the University of Navarre and graduated in Physics in 1972, receiving the Special Degree Prize and End-of-Studies Award.

In 1973, he began his studies at the University of Cambridge with a March stipend. In 1976, he obtained his Ph.D. (with a thesis directed by John Pendry) and, in 1977, he received a Doctorate in Physics from the Autonomous University of Barcelona, for which he received the Special Doctorate Prize.

## Career and research

After postdoctoral positions at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee and as Nordita Fellow of the Niels Bohr Institute in Copenhagen and with stays at Lund University he became Professor of Solid State Physics at the University of Barcelona in 1978. In 1980, he stepped down from this position to join the government of the Basque Autonomous Region. In 1984, he returned to academia as a visiting lecturer at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge. In 1986, he moved back to the Basque Country as Professor of Condensed Matter Physics at the University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) at its campus in Donostia / San Sebastián. Since 1999 he is also president of the Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC).

Etxenike has co-authored over 400 scientific articles. His research has focused on explaining the behaviour of solid bodies and their interaction with beams of charged particles. His work has opened new lines of research and has stimulated innovative theoretical and experimental lines of work in very diverse fields of condensed matter physics such as electron and tunnel microscopy, physical chemistry on the femtosecond scale, electronic surface localization, reverse photo-emission, atomic collisions, the interaction of ions with plasma particles, ion implantation and surface excitations in superfluid helium.

Many works, starting with his PhD thesis in Cambridge study the interaction of electrons, atoms, and ions with surfaces. An important concept introduced and developed by Etxenike are *image-potential states* at metal surfaces in which electrons can be trapped in the potential of their own image charge. Etxenike and co-workers computed and analyzed these states for many different materials and surfaces as well as their interaction with surface excitations such as surface plasmons, surface plasmon polaritons, and surface phonons. Etxenike is co-author of a highly cited review on the theory of surface plasmons.

They analyzed theoretically the technique of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in order to interpret STM images and, in particular, relate them to the topography of the studied surfaces and to the spectroscopy of surface states ("*scanning tunneling spectroscopy*"). Etxenike has directed 27 PhD theses.

He has been very active in recent years, giving numerous lectures in different university, cultural and business forums, at which he has always defended the cultural value of scientific activity and encouraged young people to pursue science. He co-organized outreach activities such as since 2010 the triennial festival "*Passion for Knowledge*" in San Sebastián.

### Publications

* P.M. Echenique (1985). "Image-potential-induced surface states". *J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys*. **18**: L1133. doi:10.1088/0022-3719/18/36/004.
* P.M. Echenique; J.B. Pendry (1989). "Theory of image states at metal surfaces". *Progress in Surface Science*. **32** (2): 111–159. Bibcode:1989PrSS...32..111E. doi:10.1016/0079-6816(89)90015-4.
* J.M. Pitarke; V.M. Silkin; E.V. Chulkov; P.M. Echenique (2006). "Theory of surface plasmons and surface-plasmon polaritons". *Rep. Prog. Phys*. **70** (1): 1–87. arXiv:cond-mat/0611257. Bibcode:2007RPPh...70....1P. doi:10.1088/0034-4885/70/1/R01. S2CID 46471088.
* D. Codruta Marinica; M. Zapata; P. Nordlander; A.K. Kazansky; P.M. Echenique; J. Aizpurua; A.G. Borisov (2015). "Active quantum plasmonics". *Science Advances*. **1** (11): e1501095. Bibcode:2015SciA....1E1095M. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1501095. PMC 4730853. PMID 26824066.
* A.L. Cavalieri; N. Müller; Th. Uphues; V.S. Yakovlev; A. Baltuška; B. Horvath; B. Schmidt; L. Blümel; R. Holzwarth; S. Hendel; M. Drescher; U. Kleineberg; P.M. Echenique; R. Kienberger; F. Krausz; U. Heinzmann (2007). "Attosecond spectroscopy in condensed matter". *Nature*. **449** (7165): 1029–1032. Bibcode:2007Natur.449.1029C. doi:10.1038/nature06229. PMID 17960239. S2CID 4341749.

### Honors and awards

## Political activity

In 1980 he gave up his professorship in Barcelona to join the first government of the Basque Autonomous Community after the Francoist dictatorship. In the government of Carlos Garaikoetxea he first served as Minister of Education and in 1983 he became Minister of Education and Culture and Spokesman for the Government until the end of the legislative period in 1984. One of the milestones in this legislative period was the law on the normalisation of the use of Basque, for which Etxenike was the driving force and proponent. These early years of the Department of Education were also crucial in putting in place most of the foundations in the education system of the Basque Autonomous Community, including freedom of education. The setting up of R&D centres and the internationalization of study scholarships were also promoted.

After leaving government politics, Etxenike continues to play an important role in the science policy of the Basque country. He was central in founding and leading a number of centers, agencies, and initiatives that are now leading research institutions in the Basque country. He is the founder and first president of Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), founded in 1999. He was a promoter and creator of the mixed CSIC-UPV/EHU centre, the Centre for Materials Physics (CFM) and was its first director (1999-2001) and is still president of the *Materials Physics Center* associated with CFM. He played a similar role for the Cooperative Research Centre CIC nanoGUNE (founded 2009) and was until 2019 chairman of its governing board.

In 2007, he was among the founders of the Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters of the Basque Country Jakiunde and served as its first president until 2012. He then was named honorary chairman. Other positions held include membership of the governing board of the CSIC (Spanish National Research Council) (2001-2007), deputy chairperson of the board of the franco-spanish Euskampus Foundation, and vice-chairmanship of the innovation agency of the Basque government, *Innobasque* (2008-2012). Since 2012 he chairs the panel of judges of the Princess-of-Asturias-Prize for Scientific and Technical Research.

## InfoBox

| Pedro Miguel Etxenike | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Pedro Miguel Etxenike Landiribar |
| Alma mater | University of Navarre, University of Cambridge, Autonomous University of Barcelona |
| **Scientific career** | |
| Fields | Semiconductor physics, surface physics, optical spectroscopy, plasmonics, topological insulators |
| Institutions | Donostia International Physics Center, University of the Basque Country, Cavendish Laboratory, Basque Government, University of Barcelona, Niels Bohr Institute, Oak Ridge National Laboratory |
| Thesis | *Interaction of electronic particles with surfaces*  (1976) |
| Doctoral advisor | John Pendry |
| Doctoral students | Maia Vergniory |
|  | |


title: Tuğba Özay

abstract: Nihal Tuğba Özay is a Turkish model and singer. She was elected the first runner-up in the Miss Model of the World contest in 1995.

text:
# Tuğba Özay

**Nihal Tuğba Özay** (born February 10, 1978) is a Turkish model and singer. She was elected the first runner-up in the Miss Model of the World contest in 1995.

## Early life

Özay was born in Istanbul on February 10, 1978. Her mother, a teacher and an author of textbooks specializing in mathematics and economics, is from Antalya and her father, also an award-winning author of textbooks used in primary schools across Turkey, as well as being a poet and a man of literature, is from Trabzon, making her, in her words "a blend of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea".

Özay developed multiple interests since childhood, writing stories and plays for children as well as poetry, and all at the same time engaging in performing arts and sports. She started her theatre education at the age of seven in Kadıköy Public Education Centre's Experimental Stage, which she continued until she was fourteen. During this period she was also active in writing many plays and screenplays.

She did her secondary studies in Fenerbahçe High School and then registered in the Conservatory Music and Theatre Department of Haliç University, which she still attends between professional engagements.

In sports, she was a professional swimmer in Galatasaray for about ten years and then she became a trainer there for a time. But since she was too young then, the ambition for becoming a swimming trainer faded soon. However, after having been discovered by Fenerbahçe, she made a switch to volleyball and played volleyball professionally for about five years.

Tuğba is also an accomplished motorcycle rider. Since the age of eight she has driven a race motorcycle. She is also an expert in paragliding and Muay Thai. She took diving training at Istanbul Sailing Club. She retained an interest in arts also through this period and attended ballet and guitar courses in Istanbul University State Conservatory. During her school years she received a number of titles in art, music and writing competitions.

## Career

### Early career in fashion

Tuğba Özay took her first steps into the world of fashion in a non-professional manner, having been selected in 1994 for a fashion show by the designer Ayla Eryüksel. Özay was soon remarked and shortly afterwards she started her professional career in fashion with a show by the Turkish clothing brand Vakko. In the same year, she also appeared on the TV series "Sonradan Görmeler" (*The Upstarts*) broadcast on TRT, the national public broadcaster of Turkey.

In 1995, she was elected "Miss Model of Turkey", and then became the first runner-up to the Miss Model of the World in the final contest. She was also chosen in the contest as the contestant who had the best body. She pursued her modelling career in Paris for seven months in 1996 but later chose to concentrate on a more Turkey-oriented career. Following her return to Turkey, she made a contract with the panties brand Müjde Parizien and became the "Parizien Leg Girl" for three years.

### TV series

In 1997 and 1998, Tuğba Özay starred in the TV series *Hemşerim* (*My Countryman*) and *Aynalı Tahir*. At the end of 1999 she was noticed by the Turkish film director Türker İnanoğlu and through his advice and suggestions, she played important roles in such TV series as *Zehirli Çiçek* (*Poisoned Flower*), *Yapayalnız* (*All Alone*), *Bizim Otel* (*Our Hotel*) and *Çiçek Taksi* in the following years. Pursuing her modelling career at the same time as starring in TV series, she soon became one of the wealthiest in her profession in Turkey. She also received numerous awards as a model. It was around this time that her biography and lifestyle was covered by a team from BBC Television for a programme in the cycle of *This World* series in which she was the representative from Turkey, alongside prominent political figures from other Islamic countries.

Another landmark of her television career came when she took part in the Turkish version of the game show *The Wheel of Fortune* assisting the presenter Mehmet Ali Erbil. She also presented two other entertainment shows of her own.

She resumed theater acting, somewhat neglected since her school years, in the 2000s. She had a part in *Dün Gece Ormanda Çok Komik Birşey Oldu* (*Something funny happened in the woods yesternight*) under the theater director Ferhan Şensoy and the play was a success. She pursued her theatre career with the play *Tanıştırayım, Burası Türkiye* (*Let Me Introduce You to Turkey*), a cabaret for which she had chosen the title herself and in which she also sang a song. The play was performed by the private group Abdullah Şahin Nokta Theatre and it was also well received by the audiences.

### 2007 ordeals

At the peak of her career in 2007, complicated series of events led to her being sentenced to imprisonment. She spent five and a half months in Istanbul's Paşakapısı Prison for Women and Juveniles. She was productive even in prison, where she kept a regular diary, on the basis of which she published her prison souvenirs in novelized form, titled "Bedel" (*The Pay Off*), soon after her release in June 2008. The book was a bestseller in Turkey.

### Fitness video

Another step in Özay's career was the release of a fitness video called *"Fitness with Tuğba Özay"* which sold around 30,000 copies. After a while she published a catalogue named *"Best of Tuğba Özay"* to mark her tenth anniversary in her modelling career. With the catalogue's revenues, Tuğba Özay financed the reconstruction of a school in the town of Çubuk near Ankara which was destroyed by a 2004 hurricane disaster. For this action she was honoured and awarded by Turkey's Minister of National Education of the time.

### *Saddam's Soldiers*

Her first feature movie, *Saddam's Soldiers* (*Saddam'ın Askerleri'*), in which she plays the leading role was released in 2009. Back in 2003, Özay had already made the headlines in relation to Iraq when she became the first international artist to have succeeded in obtaining a permission for shooting a video clip in one of the palaces of the country's ex-dictator.

In the first month of the same year she was back on television, representing Turkey in a documentary prepared by SF (Schweizer Fernsehen), the Swiss television network. She has also been invited to Israel to play a role in television ads and for interviews.

### Music album

Her first album, called *Harmony*, was released in February 2010 after one year in preparations and contains sixteen songs, fourteen of which she wrote. The two other songs were written by her father İlhan Özay.

## Personal life

### Marriage

She married Italian businessman Ludovic Fattizzo on 12 May 2009 in Milan. They divorced in 2019.

Also in 2009, she made a notable appearance on the catwalk as the head model during a night organized by Prince Albert of Monaco featuring works by the South African clothes designer Terrence Bray, in an event which was widely covered by the press.

### Political views

Tuğba Özay is a member of CHP, from Turkey's center-left political spectrum, and declares her left leaning opinions openly, as well as her strong views on hot topics in Turkey's political agenda such as the headscarf controversy and secularism.

### Conviction

In 2004, Özay was sentenced to three months in prison for insulting police officers at the full body scanner in İzmir Adnan Menderes Airport as she was returning form a presentation abroad. The court converted the imprisonment into a fine of 1,481.

In 2007, Özay was detained for five and half months during a trial with 51 suspects accused of forming an armed criminal organization for financial profit. She was released from detention on January 24, 2008. The trial concluded on December 7, 2012. The court convicted her of criminal threatening and sentenced her to one year and eight months in prison. She was acquitted of a hierarchical membership in the criminal organization or lending any assistance.

## Discography

Albums

| Year | Title | Producer |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2010 | *Armoni* | Seyhan Müzik |
| 2011 | *Üç Nokta* | Seyhan Müzik |
| 2016 | *Pes Etme* | Seyhan Müzik |

Singles

| Year | Title | Producer |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 2014 | *Gel Gör Beni Aşk Neyledi* | Seyhan Müzik |
| 2019 | *İyi ki Geldin* | Seyhan Müzik |
| 2021 | *Dinle* | Seyhan Müzik |

## Filmography

| Year | Title | Role | Notes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1996 | *Sonradan Görmeler* |  |  |
| 1997 | *Sensiz İki Gün* |  |  |
| 1997 | *Hemşerim* | Fatma | TV series |
| 1998 | *Aynalı Tahir* | Sevda | TV series |
| 1999 | *Çiçek Taksi* | Selma Güneş | TV series |
| 2000 | *Zehirli Çiçek* | Ayşin | TV series |
| 2001 | *Bizim Otel* | Natalia | TV series |
| 2001 | *Yapayalnız* |  | TV series |
| 2002 | *Dadı* | Guest appearance |  |
| 2002 | *Paşalı* |  | TV series |
| 2006 | *Karalıkta Makyaj* | Dubbing voice |  |
| 2007 | *Dövme* |  |  |
| 2009 | *Saddam'ın Askerleri: Kara Güneş* |  | Cinema film |
| 2010 | *Karabulut* |  |  |
| 2010 | *İblis: Cadı Kanı* | Dubbing voice | Cinema film |
| 2012 | *Dartonlar ve Laz Kit* | Kalemiti | Cinema film |
| 2012 | *İşler Güçler* | Nigar Tan | TV series |
| 2012 | *Trophy Türk* | Contestant | TV programme |
| 2013 | *Ben Burdan Atlarım* | Contestant | TV programme |
| 2014 | *Pardon Bekar mısınız?* |  | Cinema film |
| 2015 | *Avanak Dedektör* |  | Cinema film |
| 2016 | *Survivor 2016* | Contestant | TV programme |
| 2020 | *Kuaförüm Sensin* | Judge | TV programme |
|

## Books

* Tuğba Özay (2008). *Bedel (*The Pay Off*)* (in Turkish). Doğan Publishing House - Doğan Kitap. ISBN 978-975-991-759-3.

## InfoBox

| Tuğba Özay | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| Born | Nihal Tuğba Özay
(1978-02-10) February 10, 1978
Istanbul, Turkey |
| Nationality | Turkish |
| Occupation(s) | Model, actress, singer |
| Years active | 1995–present |
| Spouse | Ludovic Fattizzo  (m. 2009; div. 2019) |
| Website | tugbaozay.com.tr |


title: Lophomerum

abstract: Lophomerum is a genus of fungi within the Rhytismataceae family. The genus contains six species.

text:
# Lophomerum

***Lophomerum*** is a genus of fungi within the Rhytismataceae family. The genus contains six species.

## InfoBox

| *Lophomerum* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Subdivision: | Pezizomycotina |
| Class: | Leotiomycetes |
| Order: | Rhytismatales |
| Family: | Rhytismataceae |
| Genus: | ***Lophomerum***
Quell. & Magasi |
|
| Type species | |
| *Lophomerum autumnale*
(Darker) Magasi | |


title: List of Ojarumaru characters

abstract: Ojarumaru Sakanoue This is a list of the characters in the Ojarumaru anime series.

text:
# List of Ojarumaru characters

This is a list of the characters in the *Ojarumaru* anime series.

## Main characters

### Ojarumaru Sakanoue

Voiced by: Hiroko Konishi (Japanese; Series 1-3), Chinami Nishimura (Japanese; Series 4-present)

**Ojarumaru Sakanoue** (坂ノ上 おじゃる丸, *Sakanoue Ojarumaru*) is the title character and main protagonist of the series and is a five-year-old Heian era prince. Born to a noble family in Yōsei-kai (妖精界, lit. *Fairy World*), he is spoiled, whimsical, laid-back, and a little selfish. He speaks politely and refers to himself as *Maro* (マロ) and other people as *Sochi* (ソチ). He ends most of his sentences with the archaic polite copulas *de ojaru* (でおじゃる), *ka no* (かの), *nou* (のう), *ja* (じゃ), *ja no* (じゃの), or *no ja* (のじゃ), along with the archaic *tetamo* (てたも). During the beginning of the series, he accidentally time-warps over to modern Japan and lives in Gekkō-chō (月光町, lit. "Moonlight Town") with Kazuma Tamura and his parents. Later in the series, he time-warps back and forth between the present time and the Heian era through the full moon's reflection at the Tsukiyo Ike (月夜池, lit. "Moonlit Night Pond"). He often relaxes on his 3 piece set, which consists of a pedestal, a byōbu, and an armrest. His favorite food is pudding and first tried it when Ai made it for him. He wears a fourth-dimensional eboshi hat, which he often uses to store rare objects. He dislikes using his energy, water, and his fiancée, Princess Okame. He tends to utter *Oja* (おじゃ) when surprised, confused, or getting someone's attention and *Ojazozo* (おじゃぞぞ) whenever he sees Okame. Unlike most of the characters in the series, he does not address his acquaintances with honorifics, with the exception of Ai (as Ai-chan), Komachi (as Komachi-chan), and Otome (as Otome-sensei).

### Denbo Sanjuurou

Voiced by: Rie Iwatsubo (Japanese; Series 1-7), Narumi Satou (Japanese; Series 8-present)

**Denbo Sanjuurou** (電ボ三十郎, *Denbo Sanjūrō*) is a firefly, referred to as a *Densho-Botaru* (電書ボタル). He was born in the 30th generation of the Densho-Botaru family, which has been used by the Sakanoue family for generations. He delivers messages and reports between Yōsei-kai and the present time. He is Ojarumaru's caretaker and was asked by Ojarumaru's parents to look after him in Gekkō-chō. He is very polite and addresses everyone with the honorific *sama* (様). He ends most of his sentences with the polite copulas *masu* (ます) or *de gozaimasu* (でございます). He is quick to fall in love with insects, animals, food, plants, and even objects, but gets rejected most of the time. His recurring girlfriend is Marie's parrot named Akemi. He loves onigiri and his special technique for making them is *Hissatsu Nidan Nigiri* (必殺二段にぎり).

### Kazuma Tamura

Voiced by: Yuriko Fuchizaki (Japanese)

**Kazuma Tamura** (田村カズマ, *Tamura Kazuma*) is Ojarumaru's best friend. He is 8 years old and is a 2nd grader at Gekkō Shōgakkō (月光小学校, lit. *Moonlight Elementary School*). He is the only child of Ai and Makoto. He is a very good athlete and loves to play soccer. He is really good friends with Ojarumaru, almost like brothers. He loves to collect all kinds of rocks and has a collection of them in his room. He is afraid of dogs. Ojarumaru always rides on his back or his backpack whenever they are out together.

### Kooni Trio

**The Oni Child Trio** (子鬼トリオ, *Kooni Trio*) consists of three young oni, who were sent by their father, Great King Enma, to retrieve his scepter from Ojarumaru. They constantly come up with plans to retrieve the scepter, but they all fail due to Ojarumaru outsmarting them. Sometimes they are seen wearing various disguises, which are primarily set to fit the episode's plot, as part of their plans to trick Ojarumaru into returning the scepter. Since they left their battle sticks at Enma World (エンマ界 *Enma Kai*), they use giant cutlery as weapons.

### Aobee

Voiced by: Kazuya Ichijō (Japanese)

**Aobee** (アオベエ) is the leader of the Oni Child Trio. He is seven years old. He looks like a tough guy, but is actually a soft-hearted boy. He refers to himself as *Washi* (儂), despite his young age, and ends most of his sentences with the archaic polite copula *de gonsu* (でゴンス). He has a crush on Komachi. He uses a knife as a weapon.

### Kisuke

Voiced by: Yuji Ueda (Japanese)

**Kisuke** (キスケ) is the third member of the Oni Child Trio and has a chick-like appearance. He is five years old. He is a crybaby and uses a spoon as a weapon. He refers to himself as *Ora* (おら) and sometimes as *Kii-kun* (キーくん). He ends most of his sentences with *pii* (ピィ) and also tends to exclaim it at random. A running gag throughout the series has him often mistaken as a chick and he would shout "Kii-kun is not a chick ppii!" (キーくんヒヨコじゃないっピィ! *Kii-kun hiyoko janai ppii!*).

### Akane

Voiced by: Omi Minami (Japanese)

**Akane** (アカネ) is the second member of the Oni Child Trio. She is six years old. Though short-tempered, Akane turns into a sweet girl when she's with Aobee, as she is very fond of him. She refers to herself as *Atai* (あたい). She is unaware that Green Oni has a crush on her. She uses a fork as a weapon.

## Present day characters

### Tamura family

#### Tomio Tamura / Tommy

Voiced by: Toshiya Ueda (Japanese), Yuji Ueda (Japanese; Young), Harumi Ikoma (Japanese; Boyhood)

**Tomio Tamura** (田村富美男, *Tamura Tomio*), mostly known by the nickname **Tommy** (トミー *Tomī*), is Kazuma's grandfather and Makoto's father. He is seventy years old. He lives in a log cabin. An historian, he loves to study old folk tales and fairy tales. He is very interested in Great King Enma's scepter. He also loves inventing mechanical robot dolls that can do certain things, such as the "Mechanical Music Doll" (からくり音楽人形 *Karakuri Ongaku Ningyō*) that makes people behave in a certain way depending on the music playing, and the "Mechanical Dessert Doll" (からくりデザート人形 *Karakuri Dezāto Ningyō*) that produces many different desserts.

#### Ai Tamura

Voiced by: Satomi Koorogi (Japanese)

**Ai Tamura** (田村愛, *Tamura Ai*) is Kazuma's mother and Makoto's wife. She is thirty-two years old. She is a housewife. She is mostly seen wearing an apron.

#### Makoto Tamura

Voiced by: Kazuya Ichijō (Japanese), Akemi Okamura (Japanese; Boyhood)

**Makoto Tamura** (田村マコト, *Tamura Makoto*) is Kazuma's father and Ai's husband. He is thirty-six years old. He is a salaryman. He is soft-spoken and likes to drink beer.

#### Sayuri Tamura / Sally

Voiced by: Harumi Ikoma (Japanese), Yuka Imai (Japanese; Young, first voice), Haruhi Terada (Japanese; Young, second voice)

**Sayuri Tamura** (田村小百合, *Tamura Sayuri*), mostly known by the nickname **Sally** (サリー *Sarī*), is Tomio's wife, Makoto's mother, and Kazuma's grandmother. She is deceased and only appears in flashbacks and old photos. In the past, Mariko, her sister, lied to Tommy that she didn't like him, so that Sayuri could marry him.

#### Jun Koshifubuki

Voiced by: Mitsuki Saiga (Japanese)

**Jun Koshifubuki** (越吹雪ジュン, *Koshifubuki Jun*) is Tommy's sister-in-law and Makoto's aunt.

### Alisa

Voiced by: Haruhi Terada (Japanese)

**Alisa** (アリサ, *Arisa*) is Makoto's cousin and Sayuri's niece.

### Kazuma's classmates

#### Kintarō Sakata / Kelly / Kim

Voiced by: Harumi Ikoma (Japanese; Series 1-2, 4-present), Rika Komatsu (Japanese; Series 3)

**Kintarō Sakata** (坂田金太郎, *Sakata Kintarō*), mostly known referred to as **Kin-chan** (金ちゃん), is a boy in Kazuma's class at school and is his best friend. He is a kind-hearted boy and loves eating lollipops. He tends to end most of his sentences with *desū* (ですー), a cute variant of *desu* (です). His family is very wealthy and lives in a mansion on top of the Sakata Apartment (坂田マンション *Sakata Manshon*), which is owned by his father. He owns a stuffed doll named Tsukkii, who also becomes real in a bigger form at the Moonlight Pond. He wears a Haragake that has the word "Gold" (金 *Kin*) on it.

#### Komachi Onono

Voiced by: Chinami Nishimura (Japanese)

**Komachi Ono** (小野小町, *Ono Komachi*) is a girl in Kazuma's class who is very fashionable. She is often seen carrying a hand mirror to check her looks. She has a fear of insects, including Denbo. However, in later episodes she doesn't get scared of him and sometimes talks to him when he's around. Her family owns a beauty salon, which is also their home, called the "Komachi Hair Salon" (小町ヘアサロン *Komachi Hea Saron*). Occasionally, she ends up making the activities she does an instant boom in Moonlight Town, such as playing a game of Shiritori. Her name comes from the Japanese Heian period waka poet named Ono no Komachi.

#### Kentarō Iwashimizu

Voiced by: Akemi Okamura

**Kentarō Iwashimizu** (石清水健太郎, *Iwashimizu Kentarō*), mostly referred to as **Iwashimizu-kun** (石清水くん), is another one of Kazuma's classmates. Although intelligent, he is very strict and tends to criticize people. He owns a goldfish, Kin-chan No. 28, which he got from Kin-chan.

### Marie's Mansion

#### Mariko Jūmonji / Marie

Voiced by: Ai Satou (Japanese)

**Mariko Jūmonji** (十文字麻璃子, *Jūmonji Mariko*), mostly known by the nickname **Marie** (マリー *Marī*), is Tommy's seventy-three-year-old friend. A fashionable dresser from an old noble family, she frequently enjoys tea with Tommy. She always wears her trademarked pointed glasses and purple hat with feathers on it. She lives in a mansion and owns a boarding house, which Sachiyo Usui, Ken, Otome, and the Haunted House Director live in. She opposes Denbo dating her parrot, Akemi. She has been friends with Yoshiko Tanaka since childhood.

#### Sachiyo Usui

Voiced by: Azusa Nakao (Japanese)

**Sachiyo Usui** (うすいさちよ, *Usui Sachiyo*) is a manga artist. She is twenty-eight years old. She usually spends her time drawing Shōjo manga to submit to a magazine. Her drawings are very distinct, but are rather scary-looking to the other characters in the series. She sometimes drinks tea and has a handful of teabags hanging near the ceiling in her room.

#### Otome-sensei

Voiced by: Yuri Amano (Japanese; Series 1-2), Yuka Imai (Japanese; Series 3-19), Atsumi Tanezaki (Japanese; Series 20-present)

**Otome-sensei** (乙女先生) is a ballerina who teaches ballet at Marie's mansion. She is twenty-two years old. She has a beautiful appearance and is well-liked by some people, such as Ojarumaru.

#### Ken

Voiced by: Yūsuke Numata (Japanese)

**Ken** (ケン) is a freeter who often changes jobs. He is twenty-five years old. He is spirited, but tends to get clumsy, which causes him to get fired from his part-time jobs. His part-time jobs range from working at a fish market to paving bricks.

#### Mr. Director

Voiced by: Kenjiro Tsuda (Japanese)

**Mr. Director** (館長さん, *Kanchō-san*) is a humanoid obake who is a haunted house director only during the summer. He has pale skin and his appearance looks similar to Count Dracula. He talks to invisible ghosts.

### The Moonlight Town Tiny Things Club

**The Moonlight Town Tiny Things Club** (月光町ちっちゃいものクラブ, *Gekkō Chō Chicchai Mono Kurabu*) is a club founded by Ojarumaru. All of the members consist of tiny species, except for Ojarumaru who is the only one that is larger than anyone else in the club. There is a fan club for it which Nikorinbou founded, while Okorinbou serves as the president. The club members gather for meetings to either discuss a certain topic, do an activity such as Golf, or help out with one of the characters (who are not part of the club) with a certain task.

#### Kimiko of the Big Dipper

Voiced by: Kaori Nazuka

**Kimiko of the Big Dipper** (北斗七星の公子, *Hokutoshichisei no Kimiko*), mostly referred to as **Kimi-chan** (公ちゃん) is a hamster who works for Cold Tessai since the episode "Kimi-chan Finds Happiness", and tells fortunes by spinning a wheel. She is the third member of the club (originally the second). She has brown stars on her back and cannot tell fortunes if they're gone. Unlike most of the animal and insect characters in the series, she communicates by making squeaking noises, however, the other characters don't have trouble understanding her.

#### Katatsumuri Pitt

Voiced by: Ryō Naitō (Japanese)

**Katatsumuri Pitt** (カタツムーリ・ピット, *Katatsumūri· Pitto*), mostly referred to as **Katapi** (カタピー) is a snail who is from France. He is the fourth member of the club (originally the third). He talks slowly. He is good friends with Kobayashi Tea and often hangs out with him.

#### Kame Kameda

Voiced by: Satomi Koorogi (Japanese)

**Kame Kameda** (亀田カメ, *Kameda Kame*) is a turtle. She is one thousand one hundred eleven years old. She is the fifth member of the club (originally the fourth). She is Tome's younger sister.

#### Tome Kamada

Voiced by: Sataomi Koorogi (Japanese)

**Tome Kameda** (亀田トメ, *Kameda Tome*) is also a turtle. She is one thousand twelve years old. She is the sixth member of the club (originally the fifth) She is Kame's older sister.

#### The God of Poverty

Voiced by: Ayaka Saitō (Japanese)

**The God of Poverty** (貧乏神, *Binbōgami*), mostly referred to as **Poverty-chan** (貧ちゃん *Bin-chan*) is a tiny god that causes poverty and depression. It is seventeen years old. It is the seventh member of the club (originally the sixth) and first joined in the episode "Poverty-chan Participates in the Club". Although it looks innocent and is soft-spoken, it likes to depress people by either touching or hanging on to them. Its presence at the Mangan Shrine has caused it to be damaged, much to Okorinbou and Nikorinbou's concern. It has a board shaped like a chocolate bar called the "Motivation Board" (板やる気 *Ita Yaruki*) that causes the user to feel motivated. It cannot be seen by humans.

#### Sabire Kitajima

Voiced by: Ayaka Saitō

### The Moonlight Town Tiny, Tiny Things Club

#### Kera Ueno Nokai

Voiced by: Tomokazu Seki

**Kera Ueno Nokai** (ケラ上野之介) is a mole cricket. He is the first member of the club.

#### Shimizu

Voiced by: Ryōko Nagata

**Shimizu** (清水) is an earthworm. He is the second member of the club. His hobby is to read.

#### Rikie

Voiced by: Yuuko Sanpei

**Rikie** (リキエ) is a frog. He is the third member of the club. His hobby is to swim.

#### Nomi Nomiyama

Voiced by: Kotono Mitsuishi

**Nomi Nomiyama** (野見山ノミ, *Nomiyama Nomi*) is a flea. She is the fourth member of the club.

#### Tomi Nomiyama

Voiced by: Kotono Mitsuishi

**Tomi Nomiyama** (野見山トミ, *Nomiyama Tomi*) is also a flea. She is the fifth member of the club

#### Namepi

Voiced by: Natsuyo Atarashi (Series 6-10), Shira Yuki Ōka (Series 11-present

**Namepi** (ナメピー, *Namepī*) is a slug. She is the sixth member of the club. Like Katapi, she is from France.

#### Atsushi

Voiced by: Yumi Higashino

**Atsushi** (アツシ), also known by the nickname **Amenbo** (あめんぼ), is a water strider. He is the seventh member of the club. Like Rikie, he likes to swim.

### Mangan Shrine

#### Okorinbou

Voiced by: Yuji Ueda (Japanese)

**Okorinbou** (オコリン坊), also known as **Okobou** (オコ坊), is a Komainu of the Mangan Shrine. He has a short temper and is obsessed with earning money in order to repair the shrine since it is damaged. His get-rich-quick plans always end up failing. He wears a small offertory box on his back. He has a crush on Jessica. He is the president of the Moonlight Town Tiny Things Club Fan Club (月光町ちっちゃいものクラブファンクラブ *Gekkō Chō Chicchai Mono Kurabu Fan Kurabu*). His name comes from the Japanese word *okoru* (怒る "to get angry").

#### Nikorinbou

Voiced by: Omi Minami (Japanese)

**Nikorinbou** (ニコリン坊), also known as **Nikobou** (ニコ坊), is Okorinbou's sister. She is much more calm and sweet than Okorinbou. She is always involved with her brother's get-rich-quick plans. She also wears a small offertory box on her back. She is the founder of the Moonlight Town Tiny Things Club Fan Club. Her name comes from the Japanese onomatopoeic word *nikoniko* (ニコニコ "smilingly").

#### The God of Poverty

See the Moonlight Town Tiny Things Club section.

#### Sprout

Voiced by: Takashi Sasano

### Moonlight Town citizens

#### Mr. Kawakami

Voiced by: Norihisa Mori (Japanese)

**Mr. Kawakami** (川上さん, *Kawakami-san*) is a salaryman. He is always running late for work. When not going to work on foot, he tries to ride a bus, but often misses it. He once had an alter ego, **Anpan Mask** (アンパン仮面 *Anpan Kamen*), to go around town giving anpan to starving people.

#### Icchoku Honda

Voiced by: Kazuya Ichijō (Japanese)

**Icchoku Honda** (本田一直, *Honda Icchoku*), also known as **Honda-sensei** (本田先生) is Kazuma's homeroom teacher at his elementary school and Asako's husband. He is thirty-one years old. He loves to exercise and jogs every morning. He wears a suit while at school, but usually wears an orange jogging sweatshirt when not at school.

#### Asako Honda

Voiced by: Kaori Asoh (Japanese)

**Asako Honda** (本田朝子, *Honda Asako*), also known as **Asa-chan** (朝ちゃん) is Icchoku's wife. She is twenty years old. The daughter of a newsagent, she has a career in delivering newspapers.

#### Kobayashi Cha

Voiced by: Masaaki Tsukada (Japanese; Series 1-15), Daisuke Yamazaki (Japanese; Series 16-present)

**Kobayashi Cha** (小林茶, *Kobayashi Tea*) is an old poet who writes Haiku poems. He loves drinking tea. The Oni Child Trio sometimes visits him to learn how to write Haiku poems. He and Katapi have been traveling for 50 years. He has an alter ego, **Japan Tea Mask** (日本茶仮面 *Nippon Cha Kamen*) to clean the town by picking up trash. His name comes from the Japanese poet, Kobayashi Issa.

#### Seigetsu Reitetsusai

Voiced by: Hiroshi Takahashi (Japanese)

**Seigetsu Reitetsusai** (冷徹斎星月, *Reitetsusai Seigetsu*) is a fortune teller.

#### Komachi Papa

Voiced by: Kohei Kowada (Japanese)

**Komachi Papa** (小町パパ) is Komachi's father. He is the manager of the KOMACHI Hair Salon.

#### Komachi Mama

Voiced by: Haruhi Terada (Japanese)

**Komachi Mama** (小町ママ) is Komachi's mother. She works at the KOMACHI Hair Salon.

#### Hoshiemon Hiraki

Voiced by: Eiji Takemoto (Japanese)

**Hoshiemon Hiraki** (開干ゑ門, *Hiraki Hoshiemon*), also known as **Kanbutsu-san** (カンブツさん), is the manager of a dried goods shop.


title: Tanja Miščević

abstract: Tanja Miščević is a Serbian political scientist and professor serving as minister of European Integration since 2022. An independent politician, she is best known for her work on the accession of Serbia to the European Union. Born in Zemun, a Belgrade municipality, she graduated and earned her master's and doctorate at the Faculty of Political Sciences at the University of Belgrade. She began working at the Faculty of Political Sciences in the 1990s, becoming a docent in 2003 and an associate professor in 2009. As of 2016, she works as a professor at the Faculty of Political Sciences. She was the director of the Office for European Integration from 2005 to 2009; member of government's negotiating team regarding accession of Serbia to the European Union, and head of the negotiating team for the Visa Facilitation Agreement and Readmission Agreement between Serbia and the European Union. She also previously served as vice-president of the European Movement in Serbia and as a member and vice-president of the board of the Anti-Corruption Agency. She served as the state secretary in the ministry of defence from 2010 to 2012, and was appointed director of the negotiating team regarding the accession of Serbia to the European Union in 2013. As the director, she emphasised on harmonising Serbia's foreign policy positions with the European Union and worked on implementing the reforms into law. She resigned from the role in 2019, after which she began working as deputy secretary general of Regional Cooperation Council until her appointment in the third cabinet of Ana Brnabić in October 2022.

text:
# Tanja Miščević

**Tanja Miščević** (Serbian Cyrillic: Тања Мишчевић; born 6 August 1966) is a Serbian political scientist and professor serving as minister of European Integration since 2022. An independent politician, she is best known for her work on the accession of Serbia to the European Union.

Born in Zemun, a Belgrade municipality, she graduated and earned her master's and doctorate at the Faculty of Political Sciences at the University of Belgrade. She began working at the Faculty of Political Sciences in the 1990s, becoming a docent in 2003 and an associate professor in 2009. As of 2016, she works as a professor at the Faculty of Political Sciences. She was the director of the Office for European Integration from 2005 to 2009; member of government's negotiating team regarding accession of Serbia to the European Union, and head of the negotiating team for the Visa Facilitation Agreement and Readmission Agreement between Serbia and the European Union. She also previously served as vice-president of the European Movement in Serbia and as a member and vice-president of the board of the Anti-Corruption Agency.

She served as the state secretary in the ministry of defence from 2010 to 2012, and was appointed director of the negotiating team regarding the accession of Serbia to the European Union in 2013. As the director, she emphasised on harmonising Serbia's foreign policy positions with the European Union and worked on implementing the reforms into law. She resigned from the role in 2019, after which she began working as deputy secretary general of Regional Cooperation Council until her appointment in the third cabinet of Ana Brnabić in October 2022.

## Early life

Tanja Miščević was born on 6 August 1966 in Zemun, Belgrade, Socialist Republic of Serbia, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. She finished her primary and secondary education in Zemun. She graduated from the Faculty of Political Sciences at the University of Belgrade in 1989, where she also earned her master's and doctorate. She specialised in the field of the European Union at the University of Bonn in 1988 and the College of Europe in 2004.

## Career

### Faculty of Political Sciences

Miščević began her work at the Faculty of Political Sciences at the University of Belgrade in 1991 as a demonstrator for the English language, a role which she held until 1995, when she became an intern assistant. She worked as an assistant until 2003, when she became a docent. In 2009, she became an associate professor at the faculty, where she studied international and legal fields. She became a professor in 2016. Additionally, she was a visiting professor at the Military Academy of the Ministry of Defense and the Centre for European Integration at the University of Bonn.

### European Integrations

She was one of the founding members of the G17 Institute, a non-governmental organisation later-turned political party, where she worked as a manager for the department of European studies. Between 2005 and 2009, she was the director of the Office for European Integration of the government of Serbia. Miščević won the "Contributor of the Year to Europe" award in 2006. She was a member of government's negotiating team regarding the accession of Serbia to the European Union as well as the head of negotiating team for the conclusion of the Visa Facilitation Agreement and the Readmission Agreement between Serbia and the European Union. Miščević was appointed state secretary in the ministry of defence by Dragan Šutanovac in 2010; she served in that role until July 2012, after which she served as a special secretary for European Integrations for Rasim Ljajić, who at the time served as deputy prime minister. Aleksandar Vučić suggested the appointment of Miščević as the director of the negotiating team regarding the accession of Serbia to the European Union in 2013. She accepted the job shortly after in September 2013. As the director, she urged to implement the reforms into law, to enter the European Union as soon as possible. She also emphasised her support to harmonise Serbia's foreign policy positions with the positions of the European Union. She received the "Rainbow" award from the Gay Straight Alliance due to her contribution for the fight against homophobia and improving rights of the LGBT population. She resigned from the role in September 2019. She soon after became the deputy secretary general of Regional Cooperation Council.

She previously served as vice-president of European Movement in Serbia. Additionally, Miščević served as a member and vice-president of the board of the Anti-Corruption Agency from 2009 to 2010. According to newspaper *Danas*, Miščević is reputed to be an expert on European Integration of Serbia.

## Minister of European Integration

It was announced on 23 October 2022 that Miščević would serve as the minister of European Integration in the third cabinet of Ana Brnabić. She was sworn in on 26 October. Miščević advocates for the accession of Serbia to the European Union, citing her support for a "modern, stable, and developed society, and equality".

In November 2022, Miščević announced that "Serbia will progressively adopt the visa policy of the Schengen Area" and that it will align its foreign and security policy with the European Union.

## Personal life

Miščević received the French National Order of Merit in 2017 due to her work on accession of Serbia to the European Union. She speaks English and Russian.

## Published works

* Miščević, Tanja (1997). *Legitimization for instituting proceedings for the protection of human rights before international organs* (in Serbian). Belgrade: Jugoslovensko udruženje za međunarodno pravo. OCLC 1247397784.
* Miščević, Tanja (1998). *The ombudsman of the European Union and the protection of the rights of individual subjects* (in Serbian). Belgrade: Jugoslovensko udruženje za međunarodno pravo. OCLC 1247397499.
* Miščević, Tanja (2005). *Pridruživanje Evropskoj uniji* (in Serbian). Institut za ekonomska i socijalna istraživanja. ISBN 9788676420322.
* Miščević, Tanja (2009). *Pridruživanje Evropskoj uniji* (in Serbian). Službeni glasnik. ISBN 9788651902645.
* Miščević, Tanja (2009). *Proces evropske integracije Srbije* (in Serbian). OEBS. ISBN 9788685207334.
* Miščević, Tanja; Gavrilović, Slobodan (2010). *Ugovor iz Lisabona: Sigurna luka ili početak novog putovanja?* (in Serbian). Službeni glasnik. ISBN 9788651906582.
* Miščević, Tanja (2011). *Život i istraživanja, spomenica Dejanu Janči* (in Serbian). Službeni glasnik. ISBN 9788651909798.
* Miščević, Tanja (2012). *Nova era međunarodnich organizacija: odluke savremenih međunarodnih organizacija i njihov uticaj na međunarodne odnose i međunarodno pravo* (in Serbian). Službeni glasnik. ISBN 9788651914877.
* Miščević, Tanja; Minić, Jelica; Proroković, Dušan; Žarin, Irina (2016). *Budućnost EU i Zapadni Balkan: pogled iz Srbije* (in Serbian). Friedrich Ebert Foundation. ISBN 9788683767595.
* Miščević, Tanja (2016). *Influence of decisions of some typical international organizations to the development of international law: The case of the United Nations* (in Serbian). Belgrade: Institut za međunarodnu politiku i privredu. OCLC 1247397746.
* Miščević, Tanja; Mrak, Mojmir (2017). *The EU Accession Process: Western Balkans vs EU-10* (in Serbian). Zagreb: University of Zagreb. OCLC 1247397671.

## InfoBox

| Tanja Miščević | |
| --- | --- |
| Тања Мишчевић | |
| Miščević in 2017 | |
|  | |
| Minister of European Integration | |
| **Incumbent** | |
| **Assumed office**
26 October 2022 | |
| Prime Minister |  |
| Preceded by | Jadranka Joksimović |
|  | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | (1966-08-06) 6 August 1966
Belgrade, SR Serbia, SFR Yugoslavia |
| Political party | Independent |
| Alma mater | University of Belgrade |
| Profession | * Political scientist * professor |
| Awards | French National Order of Merit |
|  | |


title: Yponomeuta

abstract: Yponomeuta is a large genus of moths of the family Yponomeutidae. It has 103 described member species.

text:
# Yponomeuta

***Yponomeuta*** is a large genus of moths of the family Yponomeutidae. It has 103 described member species.

## Predator Defence

Several species have the ability to avoid predation by emitting a series of distinctive clicks as they fly. These clicks, broadcast at an amplitude that avoids attracting unnecessary attention, identify the moths as containing noxious substances and therefore discourage bats from eating them.

## Species

## Former species

## InfoBox

| *Yponomeuta* | |
| --- | --- |
|  | |
| *Yponomeuta* species | |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Yponomeutidae |
| Subfamily: | Yponomeutinae |
| Genus: | *Yponomeuta*<br>Latreille, \[1796\] |
|
| Species | |
| 100+, see text | |
| Synonyms | |
| * *Hyponomeuta* Billberg, 1820 * *Erminea* Haworth, 1811 * *Coenyphantes* Hübner, 1822 * *Nygmia* Hübner, \[1825\] (nec Hübner, \[1820\]) * *Hyponomenta* Turner, 1898 | |


title: Linspire

abstract: Linspire is a commercial operating system based on Debian and Ubuntu and currently owned by PC/OpenSystems LLC. It had been owned by Linspire. Inc. from 2001 to 2008, and then by Xandros from 2008 to 2017. On July 1, 2008, Linspire stockholders elected to change the company's name to Digital Cornerstone, and all assets were acquired by Xandros. On August 8, 2008, Andreas Typaldos, CEO of Xandros, announced that Linspire would be discontinued in favor of Xandros; Freespire would change its base code from Ubuntu to Debian; and the Linspire brand would cease to exist. On January 1, 2018, it was announced that PC/OpenSystems LLC had purchased Linspire and Freespire from Xandros, and that Linspire 7 was available for $79.99, while Freespire 3 was available for free.

text:
# Linspire

**Linspire** (formerly **Lindows**) is a commercial operating system based on Debian and Ubuntu and currently owned by PC/OpenSystems LLC. It had been owned by Linspire. Inc. from 2001 to 2008, and then by Xandros from 2008 to 2017.

On July 1, 2008, Linspire stockholders elected to change the company's name to Digital Cornerstone, and all assets were acquired by Xandros.

On August 8, 2008, Andreas Typaldos, CEO of Xandros, announced that Linspire would be discontinued in favor of Xandros; Freespire would change its base code from Ubuntu to Debian; and the Linspire brand would cease to exist.

On January 1, 2018, it was announced that PC/OpenSystems LLC had purchased Linspire and Freespire from Xandros, and that Linspire 7 was available for $79.99, while Freespire 3 was available for free.

## History

Based in San Diego, California, Lindows, Inc. was incorporated in July 2001 by Michael Robertson and began selling products in January 2002. Robertson's goal was to develop a Linux-based operating system capable of running major Microsoft Windows applications. It based its Windows compatibility on the Wine API. The company later abandoned this approach in favor of attempting to make Linux applications easy to download, install and use. To this end a program named "CNR" was developed: based on Debian's Advanced Packaging Tool, it provides an easy-to-use graphical user interface and a slightly modified package system for an annual fee. The first public release of Lindows was version 1.0, released in late 2001.

In 2002, Microsoft sued Lindows, Inc. claiming the name *Lindows* constituted an infringement of their *Windows* trademark. Microsoft's claims were rejected by the court, which asserted that Microsoft had used the term *windows* to describe graphical user interfaces before the Windows product was ever released, and that the windowing technique had already been implemented by Xerox and Apple Computer many years before. Microsoft sought a retrial and after this was postponed in February 2004, offered to settle the case. As part of the licensing settlement, Microsoft paid an estimated $20 million, and Lindows, Inc. transferred the *Lindows* trademark to Microsoft and changed its name to Linspire, Inc.

In 2003, Lindows Mobile PC, which starts at $799, was launched. Lindows said that about Excel about 95%, Word about 90% and PowerPoint about 80% functional. The notebook computer was low cost. Its processor, 933-megahertz C3, was made by VIA Technologies. The laptop weighed 2.9 pounds, had a 12.1-inch screen, 256 megabytes of RAM and a 20-gigabyte hard drive.

On June 15, 2005, Michael Robertson stepped down as CEO of Linspire, Inc. He continues as chairman and was replaced as CEO by Kevin Carmony.

Linspire became a member of the Interop Vendor Alliance which was founded in 2006.

On February 8, 2007, Linspire, Inc. and Canonical Ltd, the lead sponsor and developer of the Ubuntu operating system, announced plans for a new technology partnership, with Linspire aiming to "begin basing ... \[their\] desktop Linux offerings on Ubuntu."

On June 13, 2007, Linspire and Microsoft announced an interoperability collaboration agreement with a focus on document format compatibility, instant messaging, digital media, web search, and patent covenants for Linspire customers. This agreement was criticised, most notably by the Groklaw website for being disingenuously short-lived and limited, and against the spirit of the GNU General Public License. Kevin Carmony, in one of the regular "Linspire Letters," asserted that the agreement would "bring even more choices to desktop Linux users \[and\] ... offer a "better" Linux experience."

Linspire bases its product code names on fish found near its headquarters: Linspire/LindowsOS 4.5 was code named Coho; Linspire Five-0 (5.0 and 5.1) and Freespire 1.0, Marlin; and Freespire 2.0 and Linspire 6.0, Skipjack.

## CNR

Linspire's CNR (originally Click'N'Run) was a software distribution service based on Debian's APT. It was designed to serve as a GUI-based, user-accessible means of downloading and installing various applications, both free and proprietary. The service allowed users to install available applications using a single click. CNR also included a set of *Click and Buy* (CNB) software, which included many commercial applications to members at a discounted rate. CNR had over 38,000 different software packages, ranging from simple applications to major commercial works such as Win4Lin and StarOffice. CNR was originally subscription-based with two tiers: *basic* service cost $20 annually, and *gold*, featuring discounts on some commercial applications, $50. In 2006, Linspire announced that the *basic* service was to be made available for free.

Linspire planned to port CNR to the Ubuntu distribution. The company announced on April 24, 2006 that CNR would be released under an open source license. The release of the free CNR client was planned to coincide with the release of Freespire 2.0 and Linspire 6.0. On January 23, 2007, Linspire announced that it intended to provide CNR for other Linux distributions, both APT- and RPM-based, including Debian, Fedora, OpenSUSE and Ubuntu. This support was expected to appear in mid-2007. On February 8, 2007, Linspire, Inc. announced a partnership with Canonical Ltd., publisher of the Ubuntu Linux distribution. This deal would see Linspire and Freespire migrate from the unpredictable Debian release process to the semiannual Ubuntu release cycle. It was intended that the main Ubuntu distribution would become the first recipient of the opening of the Click'N'Run service to Linux distributions besides Linspire.

## Freespire

In August 2005, Andrew Betts released Freespire, a Live CD based on Linspire. Some users mistook this for a product from Linspire, Inc. Linspire, Inc. offered users a "free Linspire" (purchase price discounted to $0) by using the coupon code "Freespire" until September 9, 2005. On April 24, 2006, Linspire announced its own project named "Freespire". This followed the model of community-oriented releases by Red Hat and Novell in the form of Fedora and openSUSE. Freespire was a community-driven and -supported project tied to the commercial Linspire distribution, and included previously proprietary elements from Linspire, such as the CNR Client, while other elements, which Linspire, Inc. licenses but does not own, like the Windows Media Audio compatibility libraries, remain closed-source. Consequently, there are two versions of Freespire, one with the closed source libraries, and one, called Freespire OSS Edition, that includes only open-source components.

Freespire 1.0 was released on August 7, 2006. Freespire 2.0.8, released on 30 November 2007, and based on Ubuntu 7.04, was the final release until the distribution was revived with 3.0 in January 2018.

## Contributions

Linspire, Inc. sponsored open source projects including the Pidgin and Kopete instant messaging clients, the Mozilla Firefox web browser, the ReiserFS file system, the Nvu WYSIWYG website editor, and the KDE-Apps.org and KDE-Look.org websites. In the past, Linspire has hosted several Linux and open source events, such as the annual Desktop Linux Summit, DebConf and the KDE Developers Conference.

## Criticism

Linspire has drawn some criticism from the free software community. This has included criticism for including proprietary software, with GNU founder Richard Stallman commenting: "No other GNU/Linux distribution has backslided so far away from freedom. Switching from MS Windows to Linspire does not bring you to freedom, it just gets you a different master." In addition, following the initial Freespire announcement Pamela Jones of the Groklaw website published an article entitled "Freespire: A Linux Distro For When You Couldn't Care Less About Freedom;" that was highly critical of Linspire, Inc., and the Freespire project, for including closed-source components and advertising them as a favourable pointan action she classed as ignoring free and open-source software (FOSS) community values in a "community-driven" distribution, asserting that "Free Software isn't about proprietary drivers" and that "proprietary codecs, drivers and applications are not Open Source or open in any way." In response, Linspire, Inc. CEO Kevin Carmony stated via a journalist on the Linspire website that in ten years of holding out, the FOSS community has made relatively few gains, that many users are already using proprietary software and, although some would hold out, most would prefer to have something that works rather than nothing. He also asserted that the company believed in open source software, but also in the freedom of individuals to choose whatever software they want.

## InfoBox

Linspire
|  | |
| --- | --- |
| Screenshot of Linspire | |
| Developer | PC/OpenSystems LLC |
| OS family | Linux (Unix-like) |
| Working state | Active |
| Source model | Mixed (open and closed source) |
| Initial release | August 2001 (2001-08) |
| Latest release | 14 / December 18, 2023 (2023-12-18) |
| Update method | CNR |
| Kernel type | Monolithic (Linux) |
| Default<br>user interface | GNOME, Xfce |
| License | Mainly GNU GPL and other free software licences; as well as some proprietary software licenses. |
| Official website | linspirelinux.com |


title: Peggy George

abstract: Peggy George was an American film actress from the silent movie era.

text:
# Peggy George

**Peggy George** (born **Margaret George de Mille**; c. 1908 – 1978) was an American film actress from the silent movie era.

## Biography

She was the daughter of William C. de Mille and Anna Angela George, whose father was notable economist Henry George. Her older sister was choreographer Agnes de Mille. Her father, William, was the older brother of noted film director Cecil B. DeMille.

George married producer B. P. Fineman on September 10, 1930. The couple had one daughter, named Judith; and divorced in 1937. Subsequently, she was married to one Richard Miller. She died in 1978.

As a member of the DeMille family of presumed interest to the tabloids, Peggy George is name-dropped in the 1931 film *Five Star Final*.

## Filmography

1. B.P. Fineman at IMDb
2. Peggy George at IMDb

## InfoBox

| Peggy George | |
| --- | --- |
| Peggy George with her father William C. deMille in 1925 | |
| Born | Margaret George de Mille
circa 1908
New York City, New York, U.S. |
| Died | April 6, 1978(1978-04-06) (aged 69–70) |
| Occupation | Actress |
| Spouses | *   B. P. Fineman  (m. 1930; div. 1937) *   Richard Alan Miller (m. 1942) |
| Children | 1 |
| Parents |  |
| Relatives |  |


title: Turbo kenwilliamsi

abstract: Turbo kenwilliamsi, common name the beautiful turban, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.

text:
# Turbo kenwilliamsi

***Turbo kenwilliamsi***, common name **the beautiful turban**, is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Turbinidae, the turban snails.

## Description

The length of the shell varies between 40 mm and 80 mm.

## Distribution

This marine species occurs off Western Australia to North Australia.

* Alf A. & Kreipl K. (2003). *A Conchological Iconography: The Family Turbinidae, Subfamily Turbininae, Genus Turbo.* Conchbooks, Hackenheim Germany.

* GenBank (11 nucleotides; 3 proteins)
* World Register of Marine Species
* "*Turbo kenwilliamsi*". *Gastropods.com*. Retrieved 16 January 2019.

## InfoBox

| *Turbo kenwilliamsi* | |
| --- | --- |
|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Vetigastropoda |
| Order: | Trochida |
| Superfamily: | Trochoidea |
| Family: | Turbinidae |
| Genus: | *Turbo* |
| Species: | ***T. kenwilliamsi*** |
| Binomial name | |
| ***Turbo kenwilliamsi***<br>Williams, 2008 | |
|
| Synonyms | |
| * *Turbo pulcher* Reeve, 1842 (Invalid: junior homonym of Turbo pulcher Dillwyn, 1817; T. kenwilliamsi is a replacement name) * *Turbo (Marmarostoma) pulcher* Reeve, L.A., 1842 | |


title: Long Gone John

abstract: John Mermis, known as Long Gone John, is an American entrepreneur best known for his record label, Sympathy for the Record Industry, and his vinyl toy company, Necessaries Toy Foundation. He lived in Long Beach, California, for 30 years, but relocated to Olympia, Washington, in 2007.

text:
# Long Gone John

**John Mermis** (born 1950 or 1951), known as **Long Gone John**, is an American entrepreneur best known for his record label, Sympathy for the Record Industry, and his vinyl toy company, Necessaries Toy Foundation. He lived in Long Beach, California, for 30 years, but relocated to Olympia, Washington, in 2007.

## History

John's passion for rock and roll began when he was five years old and discovered radio. When his friends The Lazy Cowgirls couldn't find a label for their live album, John volunteered to put out the record himself. After he thought of the name for the label he started doing a series of 7-inch singles. Before he knew it, Sympathy for the Record Industry was a real label, one in which the proprietor's personality was very much ingrained. A tone of irreverence was immediately set by the label's moniker, by its Margaret Keane-style, sad-eyed waif logo, and by its motto: "We almost really care." By 2006 he had released the recordings of over 550 bands from all over the world.

Some of John's celebrity Sympathy alumni are Courtney Love and her band Hole, The White Stripes, and The Donnas' first incarnation, The Electrocutes. Some of John's less famous but yet still very notable Sympathy acts over the years have been Buck, Billy Childish, Dwarves, The Gun Club, The (International) Noise Conspiracy, Inger Lorre, Man or Astro-man?, April March, Motel Shootout, The Muffs, The Mumps, The Pooh Sticks, The Red Aunts, Redd Kross, Rocket from the Crypt, Scarling., Suicide, Jack Off Jill, Turbonegro and The Von Bondies.

Sympathy Records continues to be one of the more successful indie labels in the US. Many releases also involve commissioned artwork from well-known artists such as Mark Ryden, Todd Schorr, Chris "Coop" Cooper and Robert Williams, often involving subversive riffs on other famous works, like the album cover of The Rolling Stones' *Their Satanic Majesties Request*.

Along the way, John has compulsively amassed a vast collection of art and pop ephemera. After seeing an inferior version of the character Enid from Daniel Clowes' *Ghost World* comic, John was motivated to enter the collectible toy game. His new company, Necessaries Toy Foundation, started in 2003. It allowed John to finally slow down his label in order to work and focus on manufacturing a line of toys and publishing art-related books.

The documentary film *The Treasures of Long Gone John* was released in 2006. The film chronicles John's eccentric art and musical obsessions. It also explores the work of some of the artists he collects and collaborates with, including Todd Schorr, Mark Ryden, Marion Peck, Camille Rose Garcia and Robert Williams. It features a wall-to-wall soundtrack of over 40 Sympathy artists, original animation and time-lapse photography.

## Footnotes

## Further reading

* Dean Kuipers, "An Indie to the Core", *Los Angeles Times*, January 19, 2003.
* David Segal, "A Label All His Own Long Gone John, Indie Rock's Anti-Mogul", *Washington Post*, May 28, 2003; p. C1.

## InfoBox

| Long Gone John | |
| --- | --- |
| Born | John Mermis<br>1950 or 1951 (age 72–73) |
| Occupation | Businessman |


abstract: This is a list of volumes and chapters that comprise the Muhyo & Roji's Bureau of Supernatural Investigation manga series. Written by Yoshiyuki Nishi the series premiered in Japan in Weekly Shōnen Jump in December 2004, and ran until its conclusion on March 3, 2008. The individual chapters of the series were collected and published in 18 tankōbon volumes by Shueisha. The plot focuses on a young genius Magical Law Executor, Toru Muhyo, and his assistant, Jiro Kusano, as they track and find ghosts, then send the spirits to heaven or hell depending on the account of their lives in his magical law book. The series is licensed for an English–language release in North America by Viz Media, which released the first volume of the series in October 2007 under its "Shonen Jump" manga line.

text:
# List of Muhyo & Roji's Bureau of Supernatural Investigation chapters

This is a list of **volumes and chapters** that comprise the *Muhyo & Roji's Bureau of Supernatural Investigation* manga series. Written by Yoshiyuki Nishi the series premiered in Japan in *Weekly Shōnen Jump* in December 2004, and ran until its conclusion on March 3, 2008. The individual chapters of the series were collected and published in 18 *tankōbon* volumes by Shueisha. The plot focuses on a young genius Magical Law Executor, Toru Muhyo, and his assistant, Jiro Kusano, as they track and find ghosts, then send the spirits to heaven or hell depending on the account of their lives in his magical law book.

The series is licensed for an English–language release in North America by Viz Media, which released the first volume of the series in October 2007 under its "Shonen Jump" manga line.

## Volume list

| No. | Original release date | Original ISBN | English release date | English ISBN |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | May 2, 2005 | 978-4-08-873827-7 | October 2, 2007 | 978-1-4215-1376-8 |
| * 1. "Rie & Taeko" * 2. "Old Mrs. Kiyomi" * 3. "Genius" * 4. "The Present" * 5. "Kenji, Destroyer of Signs" * Special One: Shot: "Muhyo & Roji's Bureau of Supernatural Investigation" | | | | |
| 2 | July 4, 2005 | 978-4-08-873833-8 | December 4, 2007 | 978-1-4215-1377-5 |
| * 6. "Unfading" * 7. "Nana's photos" * 8. "Daddy" * 9. "Roji's pen" * 10. "Presence" * 11. "Premonition" * 12. "Madness" * 13. "Pride" * 14. "Together" | | | | |
| 3 | October 4, 2005 | 978-4-08-873867-3 | February 5, 2008 | 978-1-4215-1546-5 |
| * 15. "Someone's There" * 16. "Lurker in the Grass" * 17. "The Ghost Writer" * 18. "Zansetsu Hirata" * 19. "The Night Butterfly" * 20. "Artificer Biko" * 21. "The Landing" * 22. "Into The Arcanum" * 23. "The Mad Planter" | | | | |
| 4 | December 2, 2005 | 978-4-08-874001-0 | April 1, 2008 | 978-1-4215-1639-4 |
| * 24. "Tremors" * 25. "Rio & Roji" * 26. "Sophie" * 27. "A Ray of Light" * 28. "Advanced Magic Law" * 29. "Sad Times Ahead" * 30. "Falling Mist" * 31. "Raspberries" * 32. "Determination" | | | | |
| 5 | March 3, 2006 | 978-4-08-874030-0 | June 3, 2008 | 978-1-4215-1640-0 |
| * 33. "All or Nothing" * 34. "Face: off" * 35. "The Promise" * 36. "Swallows in the wind" * 37. "Kokkuri" * 38. "Enter Goryo" * 39. "The Plan" * 40. "Akagawa Apartments" * 41. "Dolls" | | | | |
| 6 | June 2, 2006 | 978-4-08-874112-3 | August 5, 2008 | 978-1-4215-1641-7 |
| * 42. "Maneuver 108" * 43. "Her Voice" * 44. "Victory and Defeat" * 45. "Parting" * 46. "Meeting" * 47. "Making the Grade" * 48. "Awakening" * 49. "The Academy" * 50. "The Tests Begin" | | | | |
| 7 | August 4, 2006 | 978-4-08-874144-4 | October 7, 2008 | 978-1-4215-1642-4 |
| * 51. "Trials & Tribulations" * 52. "Contract Fight" * 53. "The Plan's End" * 54. "Ready to Fight" * 55. "Wings" * 56. "Trust" * 57. "Decision" * 58. "As I Am" * 59. "Stirrings" | | | | |
| 8 | October 4, 2006 | 978-4-08-874267-0 | December 2, 2008 | 978-1-4215-1643-1 |
| * 60. "Tomas" * 61. "Pretty Things" * 62. "Bonds" * 63. "Before the Storm" * 64. "The Perfect Collection" * 65. "Armor of Flies" * 66. "Absorption" * 67. "Something Complete" * 68. "Finders Keepers" | | | | |
| 9 | December 4, 2006 | 978-4-08-874292-2 | February 3, 2009 | 978-1-4215-2423-8 |
| * 69. "Rightful Place" * 70. "Found" * 71. "Heading Out" * 72. "Two Shadows" * 73. "Panza" * 74. "Puppeteer" * 75. "Haunted by the Past" * 76. "Spirit Distillation" * 77. "Pansies" | | | | |
| 10 | February 2, 2007 | 978-4-08-874319-6 | April 1, 2009 | 978-1-4215-2424-5 |
| * 78. "Fate" * 79. "Target" * 80. "Executor Busujima" * 81. "Contact" * 82. "Isabi" * 83. "King of the Mountain" * 84. "The Bells of Troy" * 85. "A New Rule" * Countdown to Death | | | | |
| 11 | April 4, 2007 | 978-4-08-874342-4 | June 2, 2009 | 978-1-4215-2425-2 |
| * 86. "Flesh and Blood" * 87. "Rescue Mission * 88. "Hope" * 89. "One Inch" * 90. "Of Mice and Men" * 91. "Just a Scrape" * 92. "The Contract's End" * 93. "The Root of Evil" * 94. "Courage" * Bonus Story | | | | |
| 12 | June 4, 2007 | 978-4-08-874367-7 | August 4, 2009 | 978-1-4215-2426-9 |
| * 95. "Homecoming" * 96. "A Little Trick" * 97. "Aroropathy" * 98. "Writ of Passage" * 99. "Ginji" * 100. "It's Here" * 101. "The Bell" * 102. "Armor" * 103. "Bobby" | | | | |
| 13 | August 3, 2007 | 978-4-08-874402-5 | October 6, 2009 | 978-1-4215-2427-6 |
| * 104. "The Bottom of the Sea" * 105. "Payback" * 106. "Superhero" * 107. "The Ring" * 108. "A New Book of Magic Law" * 109. "The Battle Begins" * 110. "What Goes Around" * 111. "Proof" * 112. "Ace in the Hole" | | | | |
| 14 | October 4, 2007 | 978-4-08-874425-4 | December 1, 2009 | 978-1-4215-2428-3 |
| * 113. "Umbrella" * 114. "Buhpu" * 115. "Risk" * 116. "Warning Bells" * 117. "Toys" * 118. "Back-Up Plan" * 119. "Negotiation" * 120. "The Solution" * 121. "Envoy Possession" | | | | |
| 15 | December 4, 2007 | 978-4-08-874446-9 | February 2, 2010 | 978-1-4215-2837-3 |
| * 122. "Teacher & Student" * 123. "The Knight" * 124. "What Might Have Been" * 125. "Lollipop" * 126. "The Curse" * 127. "Hades" * 128. "Falling Down" * 129. "Some Things Never Change" * 130. "The Long Nightmare" * 131. "Crime and Punishment" * 132. "The Report" | | | | |
| 16 | February 4, 2008 | 978-4-08-874477-3 | April 6, 2010 | 978-1-4215-2838-0 |
| * 133. "The Stray spirit" * 134. "Attachment" * 135. "Siblings" * 136. "The Chofu Abductions" * 137. "Swallowed" * 138. "A Helping Hand" * 139. "Memories" * 140. "What Cannot Be Seen" * 141. "Distant Thunder" | | | | |
| 17 | April 4, 2008 | 978-4-08-874498-8 | June 1, 2010 | 978-1-4215-2839-7 |
| * 142. "Mobilization" * 143. "The Visitor" * 144. "The Charm" * 145. "The Association Army" * 146. "The War Begins" * 147. "The Pentagram" * 148. "Evolution" * 149. "Solitude" * 150. "Adrift" | | | | |
| 18 | June 4, 2008 | 978-4-08-874526-8 | August 3, 2010 | 978-1-4215-2840-3 |
| * 151. "Friends" * 152. "Karma" * 153. "Disbanded" * 154. "Miracle" * 155. "Partners" * 156. "Muhyo and Roji" | | | | |

General Specific


title: Takeomi Ito

abstract: Takeomi Ito is a Japanese rugby union footballer. He plays rugby as blindside flanker or no.8 for Kobelco Steelers in the Japanese Top League and also in the Japan national rugby union team. He played in both the 1999 and 2003 World Cups.

text:
# Takeomi Ito

**Takeomi Ito** (伊藤剛臣, *Itō Takeomi*) (born April 11, 1971 in Tokyo, Japan) is a Japanese rugby union footballer. He plays rugby as blindside flanker or no.8 for Kobelco Steelers in the Japanese Top League and also in the Japan national rugby union team. He played in both the 1999 and 2003 World Cups.

## InfoBox

Takeomi Ito
| Date of birth | (1971-04-11) April 11, 1971 |
| --- | --- |
| Height | 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) |
| Weight | 202 lb (92 kg; 14.4 st) |
| Rugby union career | |
| **Position(s)**  Loose forward  Senior career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1993-2011
2012- Kobelco Steelers
Kamaishi Seawaves   ()  International career  **Years** **Team** **Apps** **(Points)**  1996-2005 Japan  63  (30)  National sevens team  **Years** **Team**  **Comps**  1992-1997 Japan  1993 \- 1997 | |


title: Oscar Wilde Bookshop

abstract: The Oscar Wilde Bookshop was a bookstore located in New York City's Greenwich Village neighborhood that focused on LGBTQ works. It was founded by Craig Rodwell on November 24, 1967, as the Oscar Wilde Memorial Bookshop. Initially located at 291 Mercer Street, it moved in 1973 to 15 Christopher Street, opposite Gay Street. The bookstore closed on March 29, 2009, citing the Great Recession and challenges from online bookstores. In 2006, the bookshop received the Michele Karlsberg Leadership Award from the Publishing Triangle.

text:
# Oscar Wilde Bookshop

The **Oscar Wilde Bookshop** was a bookstore located in New York City's Greenwich Village neighborhood that focused on LGBTQ works. It was founded by Craig Rodwell on November 24, 1967, as the **Oscar Wilde Memorial Bookshop**. Initially located at 291 Mercer Street, it moved in 1973 to 15 Christopher Street, opposite Gay Street.

The bookstore closed on March 29, 2009, citing the Great Recession and challenges from online bookstores.

In 2006, the bookshop received the Michele Karlsberg Leadership Award from the Publishing Triangle.

## History

As a member and vice president of the Mattachine Society, Rodwell sought to make Mattachine more visible to gays and society at large by opening a storefront to cater to the growing local gay community in Greenwich Village, saying:

> I was trying to get the (Mattachine) Society to be out dealing with the people instead of sitting in an office. We even looked at a few storefronts. I wanted the Society to set up a combination bookstore, counseling services, fund-raising headquarters, and office. The main thing was to be out on the street.

Rodwell did not consider himself to be a bookseller businessman but, rather, a person who at the age of 13 set out to help change the world's view of gay people and of gay people's own self-image.

The bookstore opened on November 24, 1967. Craig and his mother set up the store the night before the opening. Despite a limited selection of materials when the bookstore was first established, Rodwell refused to stock pornography and instead favored literature by gay and lesbian authors. On how he chose the shop's name, Rodwell said:

> I wanted a name that would tell people what the shop was about. So I tried to think of the most prominent person whose name I could use who is most readily identifiable as a Homosexual by most people, someone who's sort of a pseudo-martyr. And Oscar Wilde was the most obvious at the time, so I called it the Oscar Wilde Memorial Bookshop.

In March 1968 Rodwell began publishing a monthly newsletter from the bookshop, calling it *HYMNAL*.

Early organizing meetings for the first Pride Parade in New York City were held at the bookshop in 1970.

Rodwell sold the bookshop in March 1993 to Bill Offenbaker, three months before Rodwell's death of stomach cancer. In June 1996 Offenbaker sold the store to Larry Lingle. In January 2003 Lingle announced that the bookshop would close due to financial difficulties. Deacon Maccubbin, owner of Lambda Rising bookstores, purchased it to prevent the historically significant bookstore from closing. *The Advocate* story on the scheduled closing failed to note that the founder of the Oscar Wilde Bookshop was Craig Rodwell, prompting a letter of correction from his former partner and first manager of the bookshop, Fred Sargeant. In 2006, the bookstore was purchased by one time manager, Kim Brinster.

The bookstore closed on March 29, 2009, due to double-digit declines in sales caused by the economic crisis amid extreme competition with online book sellers, according to Brinster. It was part of a spate of LGBT brick and mortar bookstores closures in the early 21st century, including Lambda Rising's Washington store and A Different Light in Los Angeles and San Francisco.

## Inspiration

Rodwell was brought up as a member of the Christian Science church. The roots of Rodwell's belief in "gay liberation" arose from his daily readings of Christian Science literature which stressed the dignity of every human being regardless of sexual identity.

Using the Christian Science example of community outreach and stressing the availability of literature that contained positive images of gays and lesbians, Rodwell modeled the Oscar Wilde Memorial Bookshop after Christian Science Reading Rooms.

## Bibliography

40°44′02″N 74°00′02″W / 40.7340°N 74.0006°W / 40.7340; -74.0006

## InfoBox

Oscar Wilde Bookshop
|
|  |
| Formerly | Oscar Wilde Memorial Bookshop |
| Industry | LGBTQ bookstore |
| Founded | November 24, 1967 (1967-11-24) |
| Founder | Craig Rodwell |
| Defunct | March 29, 2009 (2009-03-29) |
| Fate | Closed |
| Headquarters | 15 Christopher Street, |